UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
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þ☑ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended October 31, 20172021
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¨☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 1-8929
ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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| Delaware | | 94-1369354 |
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
| (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
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__________________________
One Liberty Plaza, 7th Floor
New York, New York 10006
(Address of principal executive offices)
(212) 297-0200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: |
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| Title of each class | | Trading Symbol | | Name of each exchange on which registered |
| Common Stock, $0.01 par value | | ABM | | New York Stock Exchange |
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes þ☑ No o☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o☐ No þ☑
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ☑ No o☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ☑ No o☐
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
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| Large accelerated filer | þ☑ | Accelerated
filer
| o☐ | Non-accelerated filer | o☐ | Smaller reporting
company
| o☐ | Emerging growth company | o☐ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☑
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o☐ No þ☑
Aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant, based upon the closing price of a share of the registrant’s common stock on April 30, 20172021 as reported on the New York Stock Exchange on that date: $2,389,186,450$3,412,315,302
Number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of December 8, 2017: 65,514,28121, 2021: 67,317,979
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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
PartsCertain parts of the registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement relating to the registrant’s 20182022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be held on March 7, 2018,Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Annual Report on Form 10-K for ABM Industries Incorporated and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “ABM,” “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company”) contains both historical and forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, that involve risks and uncertainties. We make forward-looking statements related to future expectations, estimates, and projections that are uncertain and often contain words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “intend,” “likely,” “may,” “outlook,” “plan,” “predict,” “should,” “target,” or other similar words or phrases. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Part 1 of this Form 10-K under Item 1A., “Risk Factors,” which are incorporated herein by reference, and we urge readers to consider these risks and uncertainties in evaluating our forward-looking statements. We caution readers not to place undue reliance upon any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law.
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS.
General
ABM Industries Incorporated, which operates through its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “ABM,” “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company”), is a leading provider of integrated facility solutions with a mission to make a difference, every person, every day. Our history dates back to 1909, when American Building Maintenance Company began as a window washing company in San Francisco with one employee. In 1985, we were incorporated in Delaware under the name American Building Maintenance Industries, Inc., as the successor to the business originally founded in 1909. In 1994, we changed our name to ABM Industries Incorporated. Over the past ten years,Since that time, we have grown into a multi-segment facility solutions company, particularlyprimarily through strategic acquisitions and new service offerings, and strategic acquisitions:increasing our revenue from $3 billion to more than $6 billion.
The acquisition of OneSource in 2007 bolstered ABM as a leader in the janitorial market, while the Linc Group acquisition in 2010 established ABM as a “facility solutions” company with new service offerings, including lighting, mechanical, and electrical “technical solutions.” With demand increasing for industry-specific service providers, in 2012 we purchased Air Serv and established our first industry group, “aviation,” which was previously included in “other.“aviation.” In recent years, we have strategically acquired companies in the United Kingdom (“U.K.”), particularly with the GBM and Westway acquisitions, which expanded overseas both our janitorial and technical solutions businesses. businesses overseas.
In 2017,2015, we completed the acquisition of GCA Services,began a provider of integrated facility servicescomprehensive transformational initiative (“2020Vision”) to educational institutions and commercial facilities for $1.3 billion, the largest acquisition in ABM history.drive long-term, profitable growth through an industry-based, go-to-market approach. As a resultpart of this acquisition,initiative, we centralized key functional areas, strengthened our sales capabilities, and initiated investments in service delivery tools and processes to help support standard operating practices that we believe are now a leading facility solutions provider infoundational to our long-term success.
As part of the education market. In recent years,transformation initiative, we also evaluated all of our service offerings and sold our Security and Government Services businesses, as theywhich did not align with our long-term focus on industry groups.
In 2017, we acquired GCA Services Group (“GCA”), a provider of integrated facility services to educational institutions and commercial facilities, for approximately $1.3 billion, the largest acquisition in ABM history. The acquisition accelerated the Company’s position as a leading facility solutions provider in the education market.
In 2021, we acquired Crown Building Maintenance Co. and Crown Energy Services, Inc. (collectively, “Able”), a leading facilities services company headquartered in San Francisco, California, with the goal to provide additional scaling to the Company’s core businesses and key geographies and bolstering ABM’s long-term industry-group focus.janitorial and facilities services service lines. In addition, the acquisition of Able (“the Able Acquisition”) further expands ABM’s sustainability and energy efficiency offerings amid growing demand for environmentally responsible solutions.
As a result of these strategic acquisitions,changes, we have strengthened our ability to offer janitorial, facilities engineering, parking,Janitorial, Parking, Facilities Services, Building & Energy Solutions, and specialized mechanical and electrical technical solutions,Airline Services, on a standalone basis or in combination, and positioned ourselves as a leading integrated facilities management company.
Unless otherwise indicated, all references to years are to our fiscal year, which ends on October 31.
2020VisionForward-Looking Strategic Plan
In September 2015, we announcedLeveraging the various accomplishments achieved through 2020Vision, the Company is embarking on the next step of our journey with a comprehensive transformation initiative (“2020Vision”) intendedmulti-year strategic plan called ELEVATE. Our new strategy is designed to drive long-term profitable growthstrengthen our industry leadership position through an industry-based go-to-market approach. Our 2020Vision involves three phases: During Phase 1,end-market repositioning and build on our core services, which we completed on November 1, 2016,expect will drive significant long-term value for our stakeholders.
Over the next four years, we realigned our organization;plan to make significant investments totaling $150 - $175 million and implement various measures with the aim to ELEVATE:
•the client experience,by serving as a trusted advisor who can provide innovative multiservice solutions and consistent service delivery;
•the team member experience,by investing in Phase 2, which is continuing today, we are focused on improvements to our operational framework to promote efficienciesworkforce management, training, developing the next generation of ABM leaders, and process enhancements; and in Phase 3, on the foundation of benefits realized from Phases 1 and 2, we anticipate accelerating growth with our industry-based, go-to-market service model. For additional informationbuilding on our 2020Vision, see Item 7., “Management’s Discussioninclusive culture; and Analysis
•our use of Financial Conditiontechnology and Results of Operations.”datato power client and employee experiences with cutting-edge data and analytics, processes, and tools that will fundamentally change how we operate our business.
Contract Types
We generate revenues under several types of contracts, as explained below. Generally, the type of contract is determined by the nature of the services. Although many of our service agreements are cancelable on short notice, we have historically had a high rate of client retention rate and expect to continue maintaining long-term relationships with our clients.
See Note 2, “Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies,” in the Notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding the contract types that are most common in each of our service lines. |
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| Contract Type | | Description |
| Monthly Fixed-Price | | These arrangements are contracts in which the client agrees to pay a fixed fee every month over a specified contract term. A variation of |
| Square-Foot | | Square-foot arrangements are contracts in which the client agrees to pay a fixed-price arrangement is a square-foot arrangement, under which monthly billings arefixed fee every month based on the actual square footage serviced. Janitorial contracts are commonly structured as fixed-price arrangements.serviced over a specified contract term. |
| Cost-Plus | | These arrangements are contracts in which the clients reimburse us for the agreed-upon amount of wages and benefits, payroll taxes, insurance charges, and other expenses associated with the contracted work, plus a profit margin. Facilities engineering, janitorial, and catering services are commonly structured as cost-plus arrangements. |
Tag ServicesWork Orders | Tag work | Work orders generally consistsconsist of supplemental services requested by clients outside of the standard service specification. This contract type is commonly used in janitorial servicesspecification and includesinclude cleanup after tenant moves, construction cleanup, flood cleanup, snow removal, and snow removal.high touchpoint disinfecting services. |
| Transaction-Price | | These are agreementsarrangements in which the clientscustomers are billed a fixed price for each transaction performed on a monthly basis (e.g., wheelchair passengers served or aircraftsairplane cabins cleaned). |
| Hourly | These | In hourly arrangements, are contracts in which the client is billed a setfixed hourly rate for each labor hour provided. Certain Aviation contracts are structured as hourly arrangements. |
| Management Reimbursement | | Under these parking arrangements, we manage a parking facility for a management fee and pass through the revenue and expenses associated with the facility to the owner. |
| Leased Location | | Under these parking arrangements, we generally pay to the property owner a fixed amount of rent plus a percentage of revenues derived from monthly and transient parkers.parkers to the property owner. We retain all revenues received and we are responsible for most operating expenses incurred. |
| Allowance | | Under these parking arrangements, we are paid a fixed amount or hourly fee to provide parking services, and we are responsible for certain operating expenses, as specified in the contract. |
| Energy Savings Contracts and Fixed-Price Repair and Refurbishment | | Under these arrangements, we agree to develop, design, engineer, and construct a project andproject. Additionally, as part of bundled energy solutions arrangements, we guarantee that the project will satisfy agreed-upon performance standards. |
| Franchise | | We franchise certain engineering services through individual and area franchises under the Linc Service and TEGG brands, which are part of ABM Technical Solutions. |
Segment and Geographic Financial Information
For management and financial reporting purposes, our businesses are currently separated into fiveOur current reportable segments:segments consist of Business & Industry (“B&I”), Aviation, Emerging Industries Group, Technical Solutions, and the newly acquired GCA Services. Among other changes, once we integrate GCA into our industry group model in 2018, we anticipate our Education industry group will become a reportable segment. We also expect to present a new Technology & Manufacturing reportable segment, that will combine(“T&M”), Education, Aviation, and Technical Solutions. The newly acquired Able is integrated within our High Tech industry group and the legacy GCA and ABM Industrial & Manufacturing (“I&M”) businesses. ABM’s legacy I&M business was included in the B&I reportable segment. Our principal operations are in the United States, and in 2017 our U.S. operations generated approximately 94% of our revenues. For segment and geographicalgeographic financial information, see Note 18,17, “Segment and Geographic Information,” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
consolidated financial statements. |
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ONGOING REPORTABLE SEGMENTS AND DESCRIPTIONS |
| B&I, our largest reportable segment, encompasses janitorial, facilities engineering, and parking services for commercial real estate properties, sports and entertainment venues, and traditional hospitals and non-acute healthcare facilities. B&I also provides vehicle maintenance and other services to rental car providers. We typically provide services in this segment pursuant to monthly fixed-price, square-foot, cost-plus, and parking arrangements (i.e., management reimbursement, leased location, or allowance) that are obtained through a competitive bid process as well as pursuant to work orders. |
| T&M provides janitorial, facilities engineering, and parking services to industrial and high-tech manufacturing sites.facilities. We typically provide these services pursuant to monthly fixed-price, square-foot, cost-plus, and cost-plusparking arrangements that are obtained through a competitive bid process.process as well as pursuant to work orders. |
| Education delivers janitorial, custodial, landscaping and grounds, facilities engineering, and parking services for public school districts, private schools, colleges, and universities. These services are typically provided pursuant to monthly fixed-price, square-foot, and cost-plus arrangements that are obtained through either a competitive bid process or re-bid upon renewal as well as pursuant to work orders. |
| Aviation supports airlines and airports with services ranging from parking and janitorial to passenger assistance, catering logistics, air cabin maintenance, and transportation. We typically provide services to clients in this segment under master services agreements. These agreements are typically re-bid upon renewal and are generally structured as monthly fixed-price, arrangements,square-foot, cost-plus, parking, reimbursement contracts, transaction-price, arrangements, and hourly arrangements. Two clientsOne client accounted for approximately 35%16% of revenues for this segment in 2017.2021. |
| Our Emerging Industries Group is comprised of our Education, Healthcare, and High Tech industry groups. Services include janitorial, facilities engineering, and parking services for clients in these industries. The Emerging Industries Group typically provides these services pursuant to monthly fixed-price and cost-plus arrangements that are obtained through a competitive bid process. |
| Technical Solutions provides specializedspecializes in mechanical and electrical services. These services can also be leveraged for cross-selling within B&I, Aviation, and the Emerging Industries Group,across all of our industry groups, both domestically and internationally. Contracts for this segment are generally structured as cost-plus arrangements,energy savings, fixed-price arrangements, energy savingsrepair, refurbishment contracts, and franchise arrangements. |
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GCA Services is a provider of integrated facility services to educational institutions and commercial facilities. It typically provides these services pursuant to monthly fixed-price and cost-plus arrangements that are obtained through a competitive bid process. | Service Marks, Trademarks, and Trade Names
We hold various service marks, trademarks, and trade names, such as “ABM,” “ABM Building Value,” “ABM Greencare,” “MPower,“EnhancedClean,” “EnhancedFacility,” “Linc Service,” “MPower,” and “TEGG,” which we deem important to our marketing activities, to our business, and, with respectin some cases, to certain of these, the franchising activities conducted by our Technical Solutions segment.
Dependence on Significant Client
No client accounted for more than 10% of our consolidated revenues during 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, or 2015.
2019.
Competition
We believe that each aspect of our business is highly competitive and that such competition is based primarily on price, quality of service, efficiency enhancements, adapting to changing workplace conditions, and ability to anticipate and respond to industry changes. A majority of our revenue is derived from projects requiring competitive bids; however, an invitation to bid is often conditioned upon prior experience, industry expertise, and financial strength. The low cost of entry in the facility services business results in a very competitive market. We mainly compete with regional and local owner-operated companies that may have more acute vision into local markets and significantly lower labor and overhead costs, providing them with competitive advantages in those regards. We also compete indirectly with companies that can perform for themselves one or more of the services we provide.
Sales and Marketing
Our sales and marketing activities include digital engagement and direct interactions with prospective and existing clients, pricing, proposal management, and customer relationship management by dedicated business development teams, operations personnel, and management. These activities are executed by branch and regional sales, marketing, and operations teams assigned to our industry groups and are supported by centralized sales support teams, inside sales teams, corporateand marketing personnel, and our Center of Excellence teams. Thesepersonnel. The sales and marketing teams perform lead acquisition, lead nurturing,acquire, nurture, and lead managementmanage leads through the sales buying process, as well as training intrain personnel on product offerings, sales tools, and proposal systems, all governed by standard operating procedures.
Regulatory Environment and Environmental Compliance
Our operations are subject to various federal, state, and/or local laws, rules, and regulations regulating the discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise relating to the protection of the environment, such as discharge into soil, water,well as laws and air,regulations relating to, among other things, labor, wages, and the generation, handling, storage, transportation,health and disposal of waste and hazardous substances. From time to time we are involved in environmental matters at certain of our locations or in connection with our operations.safety matters. Historically, the cost of complying with environmentalthese laws, or resolving environmental issues relating to locations or operations in the United States or abroadrules, and regulations has not had a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
EmployeesCorporate Responsibility and Sustainability
As a company with more than 110 years of history and experience, we understand the need to embed and integrate corporate responsibility into and within our business practices and commit to sustainable operations to create value and support the long-term success of our business, shareholders, employees, and clients.
Our strategy has evolved over the years to align with our stakeholders’ expectations regarding environmental, social, and governance (“ESG”) policies. We have established three strategic axes of our sustainability strategy based on the topics that are critical to our business: doing business in a responsible way to ensure compliance with ethical business practices and bring sustainable services to the market; ensuring the well-being and professional development of our employees; and managing our carbon footprint to grow environmentally friendly practices.
Our Board of Directors and its Stakeholder and Enterprise Risk Committee are responsible for the Company’s activities and practices relating to social, environmental, and public policy matters. Additionally, our internal sustainability team works in cross functional collaboration with departments throughout and across the enterprise to advance our sustainability and ESG strategies.
Since 2011, we have voluntarily published a Sustainability Report on an annual basis in alignment with the Global Reporting Initiative framework and the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board to address our business,
our employees, and the environment. More information about our sustainability performance, progress, and goals can be found in the corporate sustainability section of our corporate website.
Human Capital
Our employees are the driving force behind everything we do, and supporting our employees is a foundational value for the Company. Direct labor costs represented 68% of our total revenue for fiscal year 2021. As of October 31, 2017,2021, we employed approximately 140,000124,000 employees, of whichwhom approximately 44,000, or 32%35%, were subject to various local collective bargaining agreements. As of October 31, 2021, our frontline employees represented 93% of our total workforce, while staff and management employees represented the other 7%.
Our human capital strategy is grounded by our values and our employees; we prioritize our human capital development in order to do business in a responsible way and ensure our employees’ success. The execution of this strategy is overseen at the highest levels of our organization, from our Board of Directors, our Board of Directors’ Stakeholder and Enterprise Risk Committee, and across our senior management.
Business ethics
Our Code of Business Conduct ensures that our core values of respect, integrity, collaboration, innovation, trust, and excellence are applied throughout our operations. Our Code of Business Conduct serves as a critical tool to help all of us recognize and report unethical conduct, while preserving and nurturing our culture of honesty and accountability. We provide a comprehensive annual training and certification program on our Code of Business Conduct for our Board of Directors and all of our staff and management employees.
Human resources, hiring, and training
With a team of approximately 124,000 employees across the United States, United Kingdom, and other locations, we continue to make investments in our human resources (“HR”) organization and structure toward centralized and standardized hiring and training practices, including incorporating modeling and advanced analytics in our HR processes to drive improvement in the retention and engagement of our frontline employees, who constitute the majority of our workforce.
In fiscal year 2021, we successfully piloted a frontline leadership training program, which we plan to formally launch enterprise-wide. Through this program, we are aiming to develop the management and coaching skills of frontline supervisors to improve the employee experience, create an environment for career growth, and increase retention.
We also enhanced recruiting strategies to keep our client facilities staffed and improve our ability to hire in a more efficient manner. Specifically, in fiscal year 2021, we introduced a rapid recruiting program that expands the reach of our talent acquisition efforts through new processes, strategic solutions, and targeted marketing efforts to better attract and retain talent.
Team Member Experience is one of the main pillars of our ELEVATE strategy. We plan to make significant investments to attract, develop, and retain talent and to help our operators manage labor more efficiently, including the development of a new applicant tracking system and enhanced workforce management tools.
Our online training platform, ABM University, provides our staff and management employees with access to a multitude of training courses, videos, reference material, and other tools. Outside of ABM University our frontline employees receive on-the-job training to ensure we are executing for our clients.
Compensation and employee benefits
In addition to competitive wages and salaries, we provide all of our employees access to a variety of health and wellness benefits, including a 24/7 employee assistance program, as well as the addition of telemedicine benefits and a dedicated COVID-19 employee resource site in response to the Novel Coronavirus (“COVID-19”) Pandemic (the “Pandemic”). Our comprehensive benefits offerings are designed to meet the needs of our employees.
Labor relations
With approximately 44,000 union-represented employees, we are party to more than 300 collective bargaining agreements nationwide, with more than 20 major labor unions. Our collective bargaining agreements
include regional multiemployer agreements covering thousands of employees as well as localized site agreements covering smaller groups. We strive to interact with our labor partners in an atmosphere of mutual respect, and we always seek to resolve any dispute in an equitable manner.
Safe working environment
The cornerstone of our comprehensive risk management and safety program is safety awareness. We have established a “safety-first” culture through various programs and initiatives including, but not limited to, incorporation into our daily shift protocols, training, and alignment with our corporate incentive plans. Our safety programs for fiscal year 2021 helped produce claim frequency reductions.
A critical component of ABM’s commitment to fostering a professional and safe working environment for all of our employees is our zero tolerance for sexual and other unlawful harassment. For example, in recent years, we have taken actions to further strengthen our safeguards against harassment, including expanding our robust anti-harassment trainings and policies. We take any claim of unlawful harassment seriously and remain committed to providing a safe workplace for all.
Culture and inclusion
Grounded by our values and guided by our mission, we employ approximately 124,000 individuals from all backgrounds with the talent, experience, and compassion that enable us to best deliver for those we serve. We cultivate a culture aimed at ensuring that our employees feel seen, heard, and valued.
Diversity, inclusion, equity, and belonging are core to this culture. Inviting different perspectives and driving inclusion enables us to connect meaningfully, adapt, and innovate. In 2020, we established the Company’s Culture and Inclusion Leadership Council, supported by our executive leadership team and guided by our employees. This council is focused on how ABM successfully converts its values into measurable action. In fiscal year 2021, through meetings of this council and employees surveys and with the assistance of third-party experts, the council identified four key focus areas, including: training, data and analytics, internal engagement, and partnering with respected organizations dedicated to building a more equitable society.
Activities of the Culture and Inclusion Leadership Council are reported to the Board’s Stakeholder and Enterprise Risk Committee through management presentations on matters such as corporate culture, diversity, equity, and inclusion.
We are an Equal Opportunity and Affirmative Action employer in compliance with the requirements of the Executive Order 11246 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the Vietnam Era Veterans’ Readjustment Assistance Act.
Available Information
We are requiredOur corporate website is www.abm.com. The content on any website referred to filein this filing does not constitute, and should not be viewed as, a part of this Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K,Report, and our website is not incorporated into this or any of our other informationfilings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The public may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. Information on the operationWe make available, free of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the SEC maintains an Internet site at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.
Ourcharge through our website, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are also available free of charge on our Internet site at www.abm.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. We provide references to ourAdditionally, the SEC maintains a website for your convenience, but our website does not constitute,at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and should not be viewed as, a part of this Annual Report,information statements, and our website is not incorporated into this or any of our other filingsinformation regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.
Executive Officers of Registrant
Executive Officers on December 22, 20172021 |
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| Name | | Age | | Principal Occupations and Business Experience |
| Scott Salmirs | | 5559 | | President and Chief Executive Officer of ABM since March 2015; Executive Vice President of ABM from September 2014 to March 2015, with global responsibility for ABM’s Aviation division and all international activities; Executive Vice President of ABM’s Onsite Services division focused on the Northeast from 2003 to September 2014; Member of the Board of Directors of ABM since January 2015. |
D. Anthony Scaglione
Earl R. Ellis | | 4556 | | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of ABM since April 2015;November 2020; Senior Vice President, Treasurer,Finance and HeadProcurement of MergersBest Buy Co. Inc. from January 2018 to November 2020; Chief Financial Officer of Best Buy Canada from May 2016 to December 2017; Vice President, Finance, Retail of Canadian Tire Corporation Limited from May 2014 to May 2016. |
| Joshua H. Feinberg | | 47 | | Executive Vice President, Chief Strategy and AcquisitionsTransformation Officer of ABM since November 2019; Managing Director and Partner of The Boston Consulting Group from January 2012July 2014 to April 2015;November 2019. |
| Rene Jacobsen | | 60 | | Executive Vice President and Treasurer of ABM from June 2009 to January 2012; Chairman of the Board of the Association for Financial Professionals (AFP), the professional society that represents finance executives across the globe, from November 2014 to October 2016. |
Scott Giacobbe | | 55 | | Chief Operating Officer of ABM since November 2017; President of ABM’s U.S. Technical Solutions from November 2010 to November 2017. |
Andrea R. Newborn | | 54 | | Executive Vice President, General Counsel, and Corporate Secretary of ABM since July 2017;2020; Executive Vice President and General Counsel for TravelClick, Inc. from July 2014 to June 2017; Senior Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary of The Reader’s Digest Association, Inc. from March 2007 to February 2014. |
Dean A. Chin | | 49 | | Senior Vice President, Chief AccountingFacilities Services Officer and Corporate Controller of ABM since June 2010; Vice President and Assistant Controller of ABM from June 2008October 2019 to June 2010. |
David R. Goodes | | 45 | | Senior Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer of ABM since January 2016; Executive Vice President, Human Resources of Hess Retail Corporation during 2014; Vice President, Human Resources, Marketing & Refining of Hess Corporation from March 2011 to December 2013; Director, Human Resources of Hess Corporation from October 2005 to March 2011. |
Rene Jacobsen | | 56 | | November 2020; President of ABM’s Business & Industry Group sincefrom February 2016;2016 to October 2019; Executive Vice President of ABM’s West Region from April 2012 to February 2016; Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Temco Service Industries from November 2007 to April 2012. |
| Sean M. Mahoney | | 55 | | Executive Vice President and President, Sales and Marketing of ABM since November 2020; Senior Vice President, Sales of ABM from August 2017 to October 2020; Vice President, Sales of Honeywell from July 2015 to July 2017. |
| Andrea R. Newborn | | 58 | | Executive Vice President, General Counsel, and Corporate Secretary of ABM since July 2017; Executive Vice President and General Counsel of TravelClick, Inc. from July 2014 to June 21017; Senior Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary of The Reader’s Digest Association, Inc. from March 2007 to February 2014. |
| Raúl Valentin | | 58 | | Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer of ABM since September 2021; Senior Vice President, Human Resources of ABM from February 2019 to August 2021; Senior Vice President, Human Resources of Coty Inc. from 2016 to 2018; Vice President, Human Resources of Comcast Strategic & Business Development from 2015 to 2016; Vice President, Talent Acquisition of Comcast from 2011 to 2015. |
| Dean A. Chin | | 53 | | Treasurer of ABM since May 2021; Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer, and Corporate Controller of ABM since June 2010; Interim Chief Financial Officer of ABM from July 2020 to November 2020; Vice President and Assistant Controller of ABM from June 2008 to June 2010. |
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.
WeThe following risks, some of which have occurred and any of which may not realizeoccur in the growth opportunitiesfuture, could materially and cost synergiesadversely affect our business, financial condition, cash flows, results of operations, and/or the trading price of our common stock. The risks described below identify the material risks we face; however, our business could also be affected by factors that are anticipated fromnot presently known to us or that we currently consider to be immaterial. You should carefully consider the acquisitionrisks described below in addition to the other information set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of GCA.Financial Condition and Results of Operations” (“MD&A”) and the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes (the “Financial Statements”).
Risks Relating to the Pandemic
The benefits thatPandemic has had and is expected to continue having a negative effect on the global economy and the United States economy. It has disrupted and is expected to continue disrupting our operations and our clients’ operations, which may adversely affect our business, results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition.
The Pandemic and measures taken by authorities in response to the Pandemic, such as travel bans and restrictions, shelter-in-place/stay-at-home orders, and business and school shutdowns, have disrupted and are expected to result fromcontinue disrupting the acquisition of GCA will depend, in part, oneconomy and our ability to realizebusiness. These disruptions heighten the anticipated growth opportunities and cost synergies from the acquisition. Our success in realizing these growth opportunities and cost synergies, and the timing of this realization, depends on a number of factors. There is a significant degree of difficulty and management distraction inherent in the process of integrating an acquisition as sizable as GCA. The process of integrating operations could cause an interruption of, or loss of momentum in, our activities or the activities of the GCA business. Members of our senior management may be required to devote considerable time to this integration process, which will decrease the time they will have to manage our Company, service existing clients, and attract new clients. In addition, we have not fully implemented our 2020Vision, which is expected to generate significant benefits to the Company. Time and distraction relating to the acquisition of GCA could detract from the ability to achieve the benefits anticipated with respect to our 2020Vision. If senior management is not able to effectively manage the integration process or if any significant business activities including 2020Vision initiatives are interrupted as a result of the integration process, our business could suffer. There can be no assurance that we will successfully or cost-effectively integrate GCA. The failure to do so could have a materialpotential adverse effecteffects on our business, financial condition, or results of operations.
Even if weoperations, and cash flows that are able to integrate GCA successfully, this integration may not resultdescribed in the realizationcertain of the full benefitsrisk factors described below. The evolving scale and scope of the growth opportunitiesPandemic will affect the degree of these adverse effects, including, but not limited to, the likelihood of and cost synergies we currently expect from this integration,impacts from:
•overall economic conditions, which have been and we cannot guarantee these benefits will likely continue to be achieved within anticipated time framesadversely impacted by the Pandemic and related shutdowns;
•our ability to maintain sufficient key personnel due to employee illness, quarantine requirements, vaccine requirements, worker absences, social-distancing requirements, and travel or at all. For example, we may not be ableother restrictions;
•reduced availability and productivity of labor;
•continued or expanded closures of our clients’ facilities;
•our clients’ demand and ability to eliminate duplicative costs. Moreover, we may incur substantial expensespay for our services, or attempts by our clients to defer payments owed to us;
•our ability to obtain new clients, expand, or otherwise execute strategic plans;
•our ability to comply with new legal or regulatory requirements enacted in connection with the integrationPandemic;
•legal actions or proceedings related to the Pandemic; and
•the ability of GCA. While it is anticipated that certain expensesthird parties on which we rely, including our suppliers, to timely meet their obligations to us, or significant disruptions in their ability to do so.
The extent of the impact of the Pandemic depends on future developments and remains highly uncertain due to the unknown duration and severity of the Pandemic. Given these uncertainties, we cannot estimate the full impacts the Pandemic will be incurred to achieve cost synergies, such expenses are difficult to estimate accurately and may exceed current estimates. Accordingly, the benefits from the acquisition may be offset by costs incurred to integrate thehave on our business, or delays in the integration process. In addition, the overall integration may result in unanticipated problems, expenses, liabilities, competitive responses, loss of client and other relationships, or loss of key employees, any of which may adversely affect our results of operations, and may cause our stock price to decline.
We incurred a substantial amount of debt to complete the acquisition of GCA. To service our debt, we will require a significant amount of cash. Our ability to generate cash depends on many factors beyond our control. We also depend on the profitability of our subsidiaries to satisfy our cash needs. If we cannot generate the required cash, we may not be able to make the necessary payments required to service our indebtedness or we may be required to suspend certain discretionary payments, including our dividend.
In connection with the acquisition of GCA, on September 1, 2017, we refinanced and replaced our existing credit facility with a new syndicated secured credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) consisting of a $900 million revolving line of credit and an $800 million amortizing term loan with a five-year term. On September 1, 2017, we borrowed approximately $1.3 billion under the Credit Facility. Our ability to make payments on our debt, fund our other liquidity needs, and make planned capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. Our ability to generate cash, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, and other factors that are beyond our control. We cannot guarantee that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from our operations or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to make payments of our debt, fund other liquidity needs, make planned capital expenditures, or continue our dividend.
The degree to which we are currently leveraged could have important consequences for shareholders. For example, it could require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flows, from operations to the payment of debt service, reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, share repurchases, capital expenditures, acquisitions, and other general corporate purposes; limit our availability to obtain additional financing in the future to enable us to react to changes in our business; and place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to businesses in our industry that have less debt.
Additionally, an increased level of borrowing increases our interest expense, which could negatively impact our profitability. As current interest rates on our credit facility are variable, an increase in prevailing rates would increase our interest costs. Further, our credit facility contains both financial covenants and other covenants that limit our ability to engage in specific transactions. Any failure to comply with covenants in the credit facility could result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived, would have a material adverse effect on us.
Changes to our businesses, operating structure, financial reporting structure, or personnel relating to the implementation of our 2020Vision strategic transformation initiative, including our move to our Enterprise Services Center, may not have the desired effects on our financial condition, but the adverse impacts could be material.
Risks Relating to Our Strategy and results of operations.
During the fourth quarter of 2015, we announced our transformation initiative (“2020Vision”), which is intended to differentiate ABM in the marketplace, accelerate revenue growth for certain industry groups, and improve our margin profile. We may not be able to execute on this strategy as a result of numerous factors, such as client resistance to an integrated approach, inability to deliver requested end-to-end services, and difficulty penetrating certain markets. Even if we are able to execute our 2020Vision, we may not realize the full benefits that we currently expect within the anticipated time frame or at all. For example, although we may be able to leverage scale to manage costs more efficiently and effectively, the realignment of our business operations may not provide us with the anticipated competitive advantage or revenue growth. Moreover, the execution of our 2020Vision may result in substantial expenses in excess of what is currently forecast. While we anticipate that certain expenses will be incurred, such expenses are difficult to estimate accurately and may exceed current estimates. Accordingly, the benefits from our 2020Vision may be offset by unexpected costs or delays incurred in its execution. In connection with our 2020Vision,we are making significant investments in information technology, but there can be no assurance these investments will have the desired results in improving the delivery of our services. In addition, our 2020Vision may cause substantial disruption to our operations and may not have the anticipated positive effects on our relationships with our employees, clients, and suppliers.
Changes to our business systems and processes, including the migration of many of our financial reporting and other processes to our Enterprise Services Center, may not create the operational efficiencies or cost benefits that we expect and could result in unanticipated consequences. In addition, the move to a shared services environment may create risks relating to the processing of transactions and recording of financial information. During the transition period, we could experience a lapse in the operation of internal controls due to turnover, lack of legacy knowledge, or inappropriate training, which could result in significant deficiencies or material weaknesses.Operations
Our success depends on our ability to gain profitable business despite competitive pressures and on our ability to preserve long-term client relationships.market pressures.
We believe that eachEach aspect of our business is highly competitive and that such competition is based primarily on price, quality of service, and ability to anticipate and respond to industry changes. A majority of our revenue is derived from projects requiringservices that require competitive bids. The low cost of entry in the facility services business results in a very competitive market. We compete mainly compete with regional and local owner-operated companies that may have more acute vision into local markets and significantly lower labor and overhead costs, providing them with a competitive advantage in those regards. We also compete indirectly with companies that can perform for themselves one or more of the services we provide. Additionally,Further, if we are unable to respond adequately to changing technology, we may
lose existing clients and fail to win future business opportunities. A failure to respond effectively to competitive pressures or failure in our ability to increase prices as costs rise could reduce margins and materially adversely affect our financial performance.
Our business success depends on our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel and senior management and to manage labor costs.
Our future performance depends on the continuing services and contributions of our senior management and on our continued ability to attract and retain qualified personnel. Any unplanned turnover in senior management or inability to attract and retain qualified personnel could have a negative effect on our results of operations. We employ approximately 124,000 persons, and our operations depend on the services of a large and diverse workforce. We must attract, train, and retain a large and growing number of qualified employees while controlling related labor costs. Our ability to control labor and benefit costs is subject to numerous internal and external factors, including changes in the unemployment rate, changes in immigration policy, regulatory changes, prevailing wage rates, and competition we face from other companies for qualified employees. During 2021, we experienced an overall tightening and increasingly competitive labor market. This was attributed to, among other things, increased federal unemployment subsidies, including unemployment benefits offered in response to the ongoing Pandemic, and other government regulations. A sustained labor shortage could lead to increased costs, such as increased overtime incurred to meet the demands of our customers and increased wage rates to attract and retain employees. Further, many of our contracts provide that our clients pay certain costs at specified rates, such as insurance, healthcare costs, salary and salary-related expenses, petroleum, and other costs. We may experience higher operating costs related to changes in federal, state, or local laws and regulations regarding employee benefits, minimum wages, and other entitlements. If actual costs exceed the rates specified in the contracts, our profitability may be negatively impacted. Further, ifThere is no assurance that in the future we will be able to attract or retain qualified employees or effectively manage labor and benefit costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Investments in and changes to our businesses, operating structure, financial reporting structure, or personnel relating to our ELEVATE strategy, including the implementation of strategic transformations, enhanced business processes, and technology initiatives, may not have the desired effects on our financial condition and results of operations.
We have made and expect to continue to make significant investments in various initiatives intended to drive long-term profitable growth and increase operational efficiency. These investments in and changes to our business systems and processes may not create the growth, operational efficiencies, competitive advantage, or cost benefits that we expect and could result in unanticipated consequences, including substantial disruption to our back-office operations and service delivery. Moreover, the execution of our ELEVATE strategy may result in substantial expenses in excess of what is currently forecast. While we anticipate that certain expenses will be incurred, such expenses are unabledifficult to respond adequately to changing technology, weestimate accurately and may lose existing clients and fail to win future business opportunities. These strong competitive pressures could inhibit our success in bidding for profitable business and ourexceed current estimates.
Our ability to increase prices as costs rise, thereby reducing margins.preserve long-term client relationships is essential to our continued success.
We primarily provide services pursuant to agreements that are cancelable by either party upon 30–30 to 90 days’ notice. As we generally incur higher initial costs on new contracts until the labor management and facilities operations normalize, our business associated with long-term client relationships is generally more profitable than short-term client relationships. If we lose a significant number of long-term clients, our profitability could be negatively impacted, even if we gain equivalent revenues from new clients.
We depend to a large extent on our relationships with our clients and our reputation for quality integrated facility solutions. As such,Maintaining our existing client relationships is an important factor contributing to our business success. Among other things, adverse publicity stemming from an accident or other incident involving our facility operations or employees related to injury, illness, death, or deathalleged criminal activity could harm our reputation, result in the cancellation of contracts or inability to retain clients, and expose us to significant liability.
Our business success depends on our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel and senior management.
Our future performance depends on the continuing services and contributions of our senior management and on our continued ability to attract and retain qualified personnel. Any unplanned turnover in senior management or inability to attract and retain qualified personnel could have a negative effect on our results of operations. We employ over 130,000 persons and our operations depend on the services of a large and diverse workforce. We must attract, train, and retain a large and growing number of qualified employees, while controlling related labor costs. Our ability
to control labor and benefit costs is subject to numerous internal and external factors, including changes in immigration policy, regulatory changes, prevailing wage rates, and competition we face from other companies for these employees. There is no assurance that we will be able to attract or retain qualified employees in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our use of subcontractors or joint venture partners to perform work under customer contracts exposes us to liability and financial risk.
We depend on subcontractors or other parties, such as joint venture partners, to perform work in situations in which we are not able to self-perform the work involved. Such arrangements may involve subcontracts or joint venture relationships where we do not have direct control over the performing party. A failure, for whatever reason, by one or more of our subcontractors or joint venture partners to perform, or the alleged negligent performance of, the agreed-upon services may expose us to liability. Although we have in place controls and programs to monitor the work of our subcontractors and our joint venture partners, there can be no assurance that these controls or programs will have the desired effect, and we may incur significant liability as a result of the actions or inactions of one or more of our subcontractors or joint venture partners.
Our international business involves risks different from those we face in the United States that could have an effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
We have business operations in jurisdictions outside of the United States, most significantly in the United Kingdom. Our international operations are subject to risks that are different from those we face in the United States such asand subject us to complex and frequently changing laws and regulations, including differing labor laws and regulations relating to the requirement to comply with nationalprotection of certain information that we collect and local regulatory requirements, including, but not limited to:maintain about our employees, clients, and other third parties. Among these laws is the U.K. Modern Slavery Act, the U.K. Bribery Act, and other anti-corruptionthe European Union General Data Protection Regulation (the “GDPR”), which took effect in May 2018. The failure to
comply with these laws or regulations could subject us to significant litigation, monetary damages, regulatory enforcement actions, or fines in one or more jurisdictions. More generally, the economic, political, monetary, and laws respecting privacy; potential difficulties in staffing and labor disputes; differing local labor laws; credit risk or financial conditionoperational impacts of local clients; and local political and social conditions. In addition, the operating results of our non-U.S. subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars, and those results are affected by movements in foreign currencies relativeBrexit, including unanticipated impacts to the U.S. dollar. There can be no assurance thatU.K. real estate market and general economic conditions in the foregoing factors will not have a material adverse effect onUnited Kingdom, could negatively impact our international operations or onU.K. business, including reducing our consolidated financial condition and results of operations.margins.
In addition, when we participate in joint ventures that operate outside of the United States where we are not a controlling party, we may have limited control over the joint venture. Any improper actions by our joint venture employees, partners, or agents, including, but not limited to, failure to comply with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the U.K. Bribery Act, and/or laws relating to human trafficking, could result in civil or criminal investigations, monetary and non-monetary penalties, or other consequences, any of which could have an adverse effect on our financial position as well as on our reputation and ability to conduct business.
Unfavorable developmentsAdditionally, the operating results of our non-U.S. subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars, and those translations are affected by movements in foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar. There can be no assurance that the foregoing factors will not have a material adverse effect on our classinternational operations or on our consolidated financial condition and representativeresults of operations.
Our use of subcontractors or joint venture partners to perform work under customer contracts exposes us to liability and financial risk.
We depend on subcontractors or other parties, such as joint venture partners, to perform work in situations in which we are not able to self-perform the work involved. Such arrangements may involve subcontracts or joint venture relationships where we do not have direct control over the performing party. We may be exposed to liability whenever one or more of our subcontractors or joint venture partners, for whatever reason, fails to perform or allegedly negligently performs the agreed-upon services. Although we have in place controls and programs to monitor the work of our subcontractors and our joint venture partners, there can be no assurance that these controls or programs will have the desired effect, and we may incur significant liability as a result of the actions or inactions of one or more of our subcontractors or joint venture partners.
Risks Relating to Acquisitions, Including the Able Acquisition, and Relating to Divestitures, or Strategic Transactions
Acquisitions, divestitures, and other lawsuits alleging various claimsstrategic transactions could cause usfail to incur substantial liabilities.achieve financial or strategic objectives, disrupt our ongoing business, and adversely impact our results of operations.
OurIn furtherance of our business involves employing tensstrategy, we routinely evaluate opportunities and may enter into agreements for possible acquisitions, divestitures, or other strategic transactions. In the past, a significant portion of thousandsour growth has been generated by acquisitions, and we may continue to acquire businesses in the future as part of employees, manyour growth strategy. However, we may encounter challenges identifying opportunities in a timely manner or on terms acceptable to us. Furthermore, there is no assurance that any such transaction will result in synergistic benefits. A potential acquisition, divestiture, or other strategic transaction may involve a number of whom work at our clients’ facilities. We incur risks relating to our employment of these workers, including, but not limited to: claims
•the transaction may not effectively advance our business strategy, and its anticipated benefits may never materialize;
•our ongoing operations may be disrupted, and management time and focus may be diverted;
•clients or key employees of misconductan acquired business may not remain, which could negatively impact our ability to grow that acquired business;
•integration of an acquired business’s accounting, information technology, HR, and other administrative systems may fail to permit effective management and expense reduction;
•unforeseen challenges may arise in implementing internal controls, procedures, and policies;
•additional indebtedness incurred as a result of an acquisition may impact our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows; and
•unanticipated or negligence on the part of our employees; claimsunknown liabilities may arise related to an acquired business.
We may experience difficulties integrating Able and may not realize the employmentgrowth opportunities and cost synergies that are anticipated from the Able Acquisition
There is a significant degree of undocumented workersdifficulty, management distraction, and expense inherent in the process of integrating an acquisition as sizable as Able. The process of integrating Able could cause an interruption of, or unlicensed personnel; and claims byloss of momentum in, our employees of discrimination, harassment, or violations of wage and hour requirements. Some or all of these claims may lead to litigation,activities, including class action litigation, and these matters may cause us to incur negative publicity with respect to these alleged problems. Itour ELEVATE program or the activities of the Able business. Members of our senior management may be required to devote considerable time to this integration process, which will decrease the time they will have to manage our Company, service existing clients, and attract new clients. If senior management is not possibleable to predicteffectively manage the outcomeintegration process, or if any significant business activities are interrupted as a result of the integration process, our business could suffer.
Additionally, the benefits that are expected to result from the Able Acquisition will depend, in part, on our ability to realize the anticipated growth opportunities and cost synergies as a result of the Able Acquisition. Our success in realizing these lawsuits or anygrowth opportunities and cost synergies, and the timing of this realization, depends on successful integration and a number of other proceeding, and our insurancefactors. Even if we integrate Able successfully, this integration may not cover all claimsresult in the realization of the full benefits of the growth opportunities and cost synergies we currently expect from the integration, and we cannot guarantee these benefits will be achieved within anticipated time frames or at all. For example, we may not be able to eliminate duplicative costs, and while it is anticipated that certain expenses will be incurred to achieve cost synergies, such expenses are difficult to estimate accurately and may exceed current estimates. Accordingly, the benefits from the Able Acquisition may be asserted against us. These lawsuitsoffset by costs incurred to integrate the business or delays in the integration process. In addition, the overall integration of Able with ABM may result in unanticipated problems, expenses, liabilities, competitive responses, loss of client and other proceedingsrelationships, and loss of key employees, any of which may consume substantial amountsadversely affect our results of our financial and managerial resources. An unfavorable outcome with respect to these lawsuits and any future lawsuits could, individually or in the aggregate, cause us to incur substantial liabilities that could have a material adverse effect upon our business, reputation,operations, financial condition, or results of operations.and cash flow, and may cause our stock price to decline.
Risks Relating to Insurance and Safety Matters
We insuremanage our insurable risks through a combination of insurancethird-party purchased policies and self-insurance, and we retain a substantial portion of the risk associated with expected losses under these programs, which exposes us to volatility associated with those risks, including the possibility that changes in estimates ofto our ultimate insurance lossesloss reserves could result in a material chargecharges against our earnings.
We use a combination of insured and self-insurance programs to cover workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability, property damage, and other insurable risks. We are responsible for claims both within and in excess of our retained limits under our insurance policies, and while we endeavor to purchase insurance coverage that is appropriate to our assessment of risk, we are unable to predict with certainty the frequency, nature, or magnitude of
clams claims for direct or consequential damages. If our insurance coverage proves to be inadequate or unavailable, our business may be negatively impacted.
The determination of required insurance reserves is dependent upon significant actuarial judgments. We use the results of actuarial studies to estimate insurance rates and insurance reserves for future periods and to adjust reserves, if appropriate, for prior years. Actual experience related to our insurance reserves can cause us to change our estimates for reserves and any such changes may materially impact results, causing significant volatility in our operating results. We have experienced material negative trends in our actuarial estimates and may continue to experience these and other material negative trends in future periods.
Should we be unable to renew our excess, umbrella, or other commercial insurance policies, at competitive rates, it could have a material adverse impact on our business, as would the incurrence of catastrophic uninsured claims or the inability or refusal of our insurance carriers to pay otherwise insured claims. Further, to the extent that we self-insure our losses, deterioration in our loss control and/or our continuing claim management efforts could increase the overall cost of claims within our retained limits. A material change in our insurance costs due to changes in the frequency of claims, the severity of the claims, the costs of excess/umbrella premiums, or regulatory changes could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
We haveIn 2015, we formed a wholly-ownedwholly owned captive insurance company, IFM Assurance Company (“IFM”), which we believe will providehas provided us with increased flexibility in the end-to-end management of our insurance program. There can be no assurance that IFM will continue to bring about the intended benefits or that it will provide us with the desired flexibility in the management of our insurance programs, because we may experience unanticipated events that willcould reduce or eliminate expected benefits, including anticipated savings related to coverage provided by IFM to our subsidiaries.benefits.
Our risk management and safety programs may not have the intended effect of reducing our liability for personal injury or property loss.
We attempt to mitigate risks relating to personal injury or property loss through the implementation of company-wide safety and loss control efforts designed to decrease the incidence of accidents or events that might increase our liability. It is expected that any such decrease wouldcould also have the effect of reducing our insurance costs for our casualty programs. However, incidents involving personal injury or property loss often aremay be caused by multiple potential factors, a significant number of which are beyond our control. Therefore, there can be no assurance that our risk management and safety programs will have the desired effect of controlling costs and liability exposure.
Risks Relating to Information Technology and Cybersecurity
We may experience breaches of, or disruptions to, our information technology systems or those of our third-party providers or clients, or other compromises of our data that could adversely affect our business.
Our information technology systems and those of our third-party providers or clients could be the target of cyberattacks, ransomware attacks, hacking, unauthorized access, phishing, computer viruses, malware, or other intrusions, which could result in operational disruptions or information misappropriation, such as theft of intellectual property or inappropriate disclosure of confidential, proprietary, or personal information. We maintain confidential, proprietary, and personal information in our information technology systems and in systems of third-party providers relating to our current, former, and prospective employees, clients, and other third parties. We have experienced certain data and security breaches in the past and could experience future data or security breaches stemming from the intentional or negligent acts of our employees or other third parties. Furthermore, while we continue to devote significant resources to monitoring and updating our systems and implementing information security measures to protect our systems, there can be no assurance that the controls and procedures we have in place will be sufficient to protect us from future security breaches. As cyber threats are continually evolving, our controls and procedures may become inadequate and we may be required to devote additional resources to modifying or enhancing our systems in the future. We may also be required to expend resources to remediate cyber-related incidents or to enhance and strengthen our cybersecurity.
Any such disruptions to our information technology systems, breaches or compromises of data, and/or misappropriation of information could result in lost sales, negative publicity, litigation, violations of privacy and other laws, or business delays that could have a material adverse effect on our business. Additionally, we believe that along with the GDPR and the California Consumer Privacy Act, which went into effect on January 1, 2020, further increased regulation is likely in the area of data privacy. Compliance with this rapidly expanding area of law will require significant management and financial resources, and we could be subjected to additional legal risk or financial losses if we are not in compliance. This expanding area of law may also lead to potentially significant additional claims, including class action claims, being alleged against us.
Risks Relating to Labor, Legal Proceedings, Tax, and Regulatory Matters
Unfavorable developments in our class and representative actions and other lawsuits alleging various claims could cause us to incur substantial liabilities.
Our business involves employing tens of thousands of employees, many of whom work at our clients’ facilities. We incur risks relating to our employment of these workers, including, but not limited to: claims by our employees of discrimination, harassment, violations of wage and hour requirements, or violations of other federal, state, or local laws; claims of misconduct or negligence on the part of our employees; and claims related to the employment of unlicensed personnel. We also incur risks and claims related to the imposition on our employees of policies or practices of our clients that may be different from our own. Some or all of these claims may lead to litigation, including class action litigation, and these matters may cause us to incur negative publicity with respect to alleged claims. Additionally, there are risks to all employers in some states, such as California, resulting from new and unanticipated judicial interpretations of existing laws and the application of those new interpretations against employers on a retroactive basis. It is not possible to predict the outcome of these lawsuits or any other proceeding, and our insurance may not cover all claims that may be asserted against us. These lawsuits and other proceedings may consume substantial amounts of our financial and managerial resources. An unfavorable outcome with respect to current lawsuits, including the Bucio case described in Note 13, “Commitments and Contingencies,” in the Notes to consolidated financial statements (included in Part II., Item 8 of this Form 10-K), and any future lawsuits may, individually or in the aggregate, cause us to incur substantial liabilities that could have a material adverse effect upon our business, reputation, financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
A significant number of our employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements that could expose us to potential liabilities in relation to our participation in multiemployer pension plans, requirements to make contributions to other benefit plans, and the potential for strikes, work slowdowns or similar activities, and union organizing drives.
We participate in various multiemployer pension plans that provide defined pension benefits to employees covered by collective bargaining agreements. Because of the nature of multiemployer pension plans, there are risks to us associated with participation in these plans that differ from single-employer plans. Assets contributed by an employer to a multiemployer pension plan are not segregated into a separate account and are not restricted to provide benefits only to employees of that contributing employer. In the event another participating employer in a multiemployer pension plan no longer contributes to the plan, the unfunded obligations of the plan may be borne by the remaining participating employers, including us. In the event of the termination of a multiemployer pension plan or a complete or partial withdrawal from a multiemployer pension plan, under applicable law we could incur material withdrawal liabilities. We further discuss our participation in multiemployer pension and postretirement plans in Note 12, “Employee Benefit Plans,” in the Notes to consolidated financial statements. In addition, the terms of collective bargaining agreements require us to contribute to various fringe benefit plans, including health and welfare, pension, and training plans, all of which require us to have appropriate systems in place to assure timely and accurate payment of contributions. The failure to make timely and accurate contributions as a result of a systems failure could have a negative impact on our financial position.
At October 31, 2021, approximately 35% of our employees were subject to various local collective bargaining agreements, some of which will expire or become subject to renegotiation during 2022. In addition, at any given time we may face union organizing activity. When one or more of our major collective bargaining agreements becomes subject to renegotiation or when we face union organizing drives, any disagreement between us and the union on important issues may lead to a strike, work slowdown, or other job actions at one or more of our locations. In a market where we are unionized but competitors are not unionized, we could lose clients to such competitors. A strike, work slowdown, or other job action could disrupt our services, resulting in reduced revenues or contract cancellations. Moreover, negotiating a first time collective bargaining agreement or renegotiating an existing agreement could result in a substantial increase in labor and benefits expenses that we may be unable to pass through to clients.
Our business may be materially affected by changes to fiscal and tax policies. Negative or unexpected tax consequences could adversely affect our results of operations.
We are subject to a variety of taxes and tax collection and remittance obligations in the United States and foreign jurisdictions, primarily the United Kingdom. We compute our income tax provision based on enacted tax rates in the jurisdictions in which we operate. As tax rates vary among taxing jurisdictions, a change in earnings attributable to the various jurisdictions in which we operate could result in an unfavorable change in our overall tax provision. Additionally, at any point in time, we may be under examination for income-based, sales-based, payroll, or other non-income taxes. We regularly assess the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from these audits to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes. We may recognize additional tax expense, be subject to additional tax liabilities, or incur losses and penalties due to adverse outcomes in tax audits or changes in laws, regulations, administrative practices, principles, assessments by authorities, and interpretations related to tax laws, including tax rules in various jurisdictions, which could have an adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.
Risks Relating to Market and Economic Conditions
Changes in general economic conditions, such as changes in energy prices, government regulations, or consumer preferences, could reduce the demand for facility services and, as a result, reduce our earnings and adversely affect our financial condition.
In certain geographic areas and service lines, our most profitable revenues are related to supplemental services requested by clients outside of the standard service specification (“work orders”). This contract type is commonly used in janitorial services and includes cleanup after tenant moves, construction cleanup, flood cleanup, and snow removal. A continuing decline in occupancy rates could result in a decline in scope of work, including work orders, and depressed prices for our services. Slow domestic and international economic growth or other negative changes in global, national, and local economic conditions could have a negative impact on our business. Specifically, adverse economic conditions may result in clients cutting back on discretionary spending. Additionally, since a significant portion of our aviation services and parking revenues are tied to the volume of airline passengers,
hotel guests, and sports arena attendees, results for these businesses could be adversely affected by continued curtailment of business, personal travel, or discretionary spending. The use of ride sharing services and car sharing services may also lead to a decline in parking demand at airports and in urban areas.
Energy efficiency projects are designed to reduce a client’s overall consumption of commodities, such as electricity and natural gas. As such, downward fluctuations in commodity prices may reduce client demand for those projects. We also depend, in part, on federal and state legislation and policies that support energy efficiency projects. If current legislation or policies are amended, eliminated, or not extended beyond their current expiration dates, or if funding for energy incentives is reduced or delayed, it could also adversely affect our ability to obtain new business. In some instances, we offer certain of these clients guaranteed energy savings on installed equipment. In the event those guaranteed savings are not achieved, we may be required to pay liquidated or other damages. All of these factors could have an adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
Risks Relating to Financial Matters
Future increases in the level of our borrowings or in interest rates could affect our results of operations.
Although we have paid down portions of our indebtedness under our syndicated secured credit facility, our future ability to make payments on our debt, fund our other liquidity needs, and make planned capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash. Our ability to generate cash, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, and other factors that are beyond our control. We cannot guarantee that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from our operations or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to make payments on our debt, fund other liquidity needs, make planned capital expenditures, or continue our dividend.
The degree to which we are leveraged could have important consequences for shareholders. For example, being highly leveraged could: require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flows from operations to the payment of debt service, reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund working capital, share repurchases, capital expenditures, acquisitions, and other general corporate purposes; limit our availability to obtain additional financing in the future to enable us to react to changes in our business; and place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to businesses in our industry that have less debt.
Additionally, any future increase in the level of our indebtedness will likely increase our interest expense, which could negatively impact our profitability. Current interest rates on borrowings under our credit facility are variable and include the use of the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”). On March 5, 2021, the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority, the regulator of LIBOR, announced that the USD LIBOR rates will no longer be published after June 30, 2023. While we expect LIBOR to be available in substantially its current form until at least the end of June 30, 2023, it is possible that LIBOR will become unavailable prior to that point which may impact our credit facility and interest rate swaps. Our current credit agreement as well as our International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. agreement provide for any changes away from LIBOR to a successor rate to be based on prevailing or equivalent standards, however, the discontinuation, reform, or replacement of LIBOR or any other benchmark rates may result in fluctuating interest rates that may have a negative impact on our interest expense and our profitability.
Further, our credit facility contains both financial covenants and other covenants that limit our ability to engage in specific transactions. Any failure to comply with covenants in the credit facility could result in an event of default that, if not cured or waived, would have a material adverse effect on us.
Impairment of goodwill and long-lived assets could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
We evaluate goodwill for impairment annually, in the fourth quarter, or more often if impairment indicators exist. We also review long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. If the fair value of one of our reporting units is less than its carrying value, or if as a result of a recoverability test we conclude that the projected undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount, we would record an impairment charge related to goodwill or long-lived assets, respectively. (For example, during the second quarter of 2020, given the general deterioration in economic and market conditions arising from the Pandemic, we identified a triggering event that resulted in the impairment of goodwill and intangible assets.) The assumptions used to determine impairment require significant judgment, and
the amount of the impairment could have a material adverse effect on our reported financial results for the period in which the charge is taken.
Changes in general economic conditions, including changes in energy prices, government regulations, and changing consumer preferences, could reduce the demand for facility services and, as a result, reduce our earnings and adversely affect our financial condition.
In certain geographic areas and service lines, our most profitable revenues are related to supplemental services requested by clients outside of the standard service specification. This contract type is commonly used in janitorial services and includes cleanup after tenant moves, construction cleanup, flood cleanup, and snow removal (“tag work”). A decline in occupancy rates could result in a decline in scope of work, including tag work, and depressed prices for our services. Slow domestic and international economic growth or other negative changes in global, national, and local economic conditions could have a negative impact on our business. Specifically, adverse economic conditions may result in clients cutting back on discretionary spending. Additionally, since a significant portion of our aviation services and parking revenues are tied to the number of airline passengers, hotel guests, and sports arena attendees, results for these businesses could be adversely affected by curtailment of business, personal travel, and discretionary spending. The use of ride sharing services and car sharing services may lead to a decline in parking demand at airports and in urban areas.
Energy efficiency projects are designed to reduce a client’s overall consumption of commodities such as electricity and natural gas. As such, downward fluctuations in commodity prices may reduce clients’ demand for our services. We also depend, in part, on federal and state legislation and policies that support energy efficiency projects. If current legislation or policies are amended, eliminated, or not extended beyond their current expiration dates, or if funding for energy incentives is reduced or delayed, it could also adversely affect our ability to obtain new business. In some instances, we offer certain of these clients guaranteed energy savings on installed equipment. In the event those guaranteed savings are not achieved, we may be required to pay liquidated or other damages. All of these factors could have an adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
Our business may be materially affected by changes to fiscal and tax policies. Negative or unexpected tax consequences could adversely affect our results of operations
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 was approved by Congress on December 20, 2017. When signed into law by President Donald J. Trump, this legislation will make significant changes to the U.S. Internal Revenue Code. Such changes include a reduction in the corporate tax rate and limitations on certain corporate deductions and credits, among other changes. Certain of these changes could have a negative impact on our business. In addition, adverse changes in the underlying profitability and financial outlook of our operations or changes in tax law could lead to changes in our valuation allowances against deferred tax assets on our consolidated balance sheets, which could materially affect our results of operations. Furthermore, we are subject to tax audits by governmental authorities, primarily in the United States and United Kingdom. If we experience unfavorable results from one or more such tax audits, there could be an adverse effect on our tax rate and therefore on our net income.
We could be subject to cyber-security risks, information technology interruptions, and business continuity risks.
Our information technology systems and those of our third-party providers could become subject to cyber-attacks, hacking, or other intrusions, which could result in operational disruptions or information misappropriation, such as theft of intellectual property or inappropriate disclosure of confidential information. In addition, to the extent centralized administrative locations are disabled for a long period of time, key business processes, such as accounts payable, information technology, payroll, and general management operations, could be interrupted. Any such operational disruptions and/or misappropriation of information could result in lost sales, negative publicity, or business delays that could have a material adverse effect on our business.
A significant number of our employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements that could expose us to potential liabilities in relationship to our participation in multiemployer pension plans, requirements to make contributions to other benefit plans, and the potential for strikes, work slowdowns or similar activities, and union-organizing drives.
We participate in various multiemployer pension plans under union and industry-wide agreements, which provide defined pension benefits and other benefits to employees covered by collective bargaining agreements. Because of the nature of multiemployer plans, there are risks associated with participation in these plans that differ from single-employer plans. Assets contributed by an employer to a multiemployer plan are not segregated into a separate account and are not restricted to provide benefits only to employees of that contributing employer. In the event another participating employer in a multiemployer plan no longer contributes to the plan, the unfunded obligations of the plan may be borne by the remaining participating employers, including us. In the event of the termination of a multiemployer pension plan or a withdrawal from a multiemployer pension plan, under applicable law we could incur material liabilities. We further discuss our participation in multiemployer pension and postretirement plans in Note 13, “Employee Benefit Plans,” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. In addition, the terms of collective bargaining agreements require us to contribute to health and welfare plans that require us to have appropriate systems in place to track contributions. The failure to make a contribution as a result of a systems failure could have a negative impact on our financial position.
At October 31, 2017, approximately 32% of our employees were subject to various local collective bargaining agreements, some of which will expire or become subject to renegotiation during 2018. In addition, at any given time we may face a number of union organizing drives. When one or more of our major collective bargaining agreements becomes subject to renegotiation or when we face union organizing drives, we and the union may disagree on important issues that could lead to a strike, work slowdown, or other job actions at one or more of our locations. In a market where we are unionized but competitors are not unionized, we could lose clients to such competitors. A strike, work slowdown, or other job action could disrupt our services, resulting in reduced revenues or contract cancellations.
Moreover, negotiating a first time agreement or renegotiating an existing collective bargaining agreement could result in a substantial increase in labor and benefits expenses that we may be unable to pass through to clients.
If we fail to maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting in the future, our ability to produce accurate and timely financial statements could be negatively impacted, which could harm our operating results investors’and investor perceptions of our Company and as a result may have a material adverse effect on the value of our common stock.
Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes OxleySarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related rules, our management is required to report on, and our independent registered public accounting firm is required to attest to, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. The rules governing the standards that must be met for management to assess our internal control over financial reporting are complex and require significant documentation, testing, and, possiblein some instances, remediation. We have acquired entities that did not have anyhad no publicly traded debt or equity and therefore were not previously required to conform to the rules and regulations of the SEC, especially as it relatesrelated to their internal control structure. AsWhen we acquire such upon acquisition by us, such entities, they may not have in place all the necessary controls as required by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. The integration ofIntegrating acquired entities into our internal control over financial reporting has required and will continue to require significant time and resources from our management and other personnel, and will increasewhich increases our compliance costs. We are required to include our assessment of the effectiveness of the internal controls over financial reporting of entities we acquire in our overall assessment. Weassessment, so we must plan to complete the evaluation and integration of internal controls over financial reporting and report our assessment within the required time frame.
In addition, with the increasing frequency of cyber-related frauds perpetrated to obtain inappropriate payments, we need to ensure our internal controls related to authorizing the transfer of funds and changing our vendor master files are adequate. Furthermore, the introduction of new, and changes to existing, enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) and financial reporting information systems create implementation and change management risks that require effective internal controls to mitigate. Failure to maintain an effective internal control environment could have a material adverse effect on our ability to accurately report our financial results, the market’s perception of our business, and our stock price.
General Risk Factors
Our business may be negatively impacted by adverse weather conditions.
Weather conditions such as snow storms, heavy flooding, hurricanes, and other fluctuations in temperatures can negatively impact portions of our business. Within our Technical Solutions segment, cooler than normal temperatures in the summer could reduce the need for servicing of air conditioning units, resulting in reduced revenues and profitability. Within Parking and Aviation services, snow can lead to reduced travel activity, as well as increases in certain costs, both of which negatively affect gross profit. On the other hand, the absence of snow during the winter could cause us to experience reduced revenues in our B&I segment, as many of our contracts specify additional payments for snow-related services.
Catastrophic events, disasters, and terrorist attacks could disrupt our services.
CatastrophicWe may encounter disruptions involving power, communications, transportation or other utilities, or essential services depended upon by us or by third parties with whom we conduct business. This could include disruptions due to disasters, pandemics, weather-related or similar events disasters,(such as fires, hurricanes, blizzards, earthquakes, and floods), political instability, labor strikes, or war (including acts of terrorism or hostilities) that could impact our markets. If a disruption occurs in one location and persons in that location are unable to communicate with or travel to or work from other locations, our ability to service and interact with our clients and others may result in reduced revenues, property damage,suffer, and we may not be able to successfully implement contingency plans that depend on communications or economic dislocations throughout the country.travel. These events may increase the volatility of financial results due to unforeseen costs with partial or no corresponding compensation from clients. There also can be no assurance that the disaster recovery and crisis management procedures we employ will suffice in any particular situation to avoid a significant loss. In addition, to the extent centralized administrative locations are disabled for a long period of time, key business processes, such as accounts payable, information technology, payroll, and general management operations, could be interrupted.
Actions of activist investors could disrupt our business.
Public companies have been the target of activist investors. In the event that a third party, such as an activist investor, proposes to change our governance policies, board of directors, or other aspects of our operations,
our review and consideration of such proposals may create a significant distraction for our management and employees. This could negatively impact our ability to execute our 2020Visionvarious strategic initiatives and may require our management to expend significant time and resources.resources responding to such proposals. Such proposals may also create uncertainties with respect to our financial position and operations and may adversely affect our ability to attract and retain key employees.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.
None.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.
Our principal executive office is located at One Liberty Plaza, 7th7th Floor, New York, New York 10006. As part of our 2020Vision, in 2016 we began consolidating our operations to increase efficiency and effectiveness.
Principal Properties as of October 31, 2017
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Location | | Character of Office | | Approximate Square Feet | | Lease Expiration Date, Unless Owned | | Segment |
| Alpharetta, Georgia | | IT Datacenter and Technical Solutions Headquarters | | 25,000 | | Owned | | All |
| Atlanta, Georgia | | Operations Support | | 37,000 | | 10/31/2027 | | All |
| Cleveland, Ohio | | Legacy GCA Headquarters | | 32,400 | | 1/31/2024 | | Education, T&M, and Corporate |
| | | | | | | | |
Location | | Character of Office | | Approximate Square Feet | | Lease Expiration Date, Unless Owned | | Segment |
Alpharetta, Georgia | | IT Datacenter and Technical Solutions Headquarters | | 25,000 | | Owned | | All |
Atlanta, Georgia | | Operations Support | | 37,000 | | 10/31/2027 | | All |
Cleveland, Ohio | | GCA Services Headquarters | | 32,400 | | 1/31/2024 | | GCA Services |
Houston, Texas | | Prior COO Divisional Headquarters | | 11,000 | | 8/31/2018 | | B&I |
| New York, New York | | Corporate Headquarters | | 44,000 | | 1/3/2032 | | Corporate and B&I |
| Sugar Land, Texas | | Enterprise Services | | 62,500 | | 3/31/2028 | | All |
| Tustin, California | | Operations Support | | 40,000 | | 7/31/2029 | | B&I and Technical Solutions |
| | | | | | | | |
In addition to the above properties, we have other offices, warehouses, and parking facilities in various locations, primarily in the United States. See Note 5, “Leases,” in the Notes to consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding leases. We believe that these properties are well maintained, in good operating condition, and suitable for the purposes for which they are used.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
We are a party to a number of lawsuits, claims, and proceedings incident to the operation of our business, including those pertaining to labor and employment, contracts, personal injury, and other matters, some of which allege substantial monetary damages. Some of these actions may be brought as class actions on behalf of a class or purported class of employees. While the results of these lawsuits, claims, and proceedings cannot be predicted with any certainty, our management believes that the final outcome of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
Certain Legal Proceedings
Certain lawsuitsInformation with respect to which we are a party are discussed below. In determining whether to include any particular lawsuit or other proceeding, we consider both quantitativecertain legal proceedings is set forth in Note 13, “Commitments and qualitative factors. These factors include, but are not limited to: the amount of damages and the nature of any other relief soughtContingencies,” in the proceeding; if such damagesNotes to consolidated financial statements (included in Part II., Item 8 of this Form 10-K) and other relief are specified, our view of the merits of the claims; whether the action is or purports to be a class action, and our view of the likelihood that a class will be certifiedincorporated herein by the court; the jurisdiction in which the proceeding is pending; and the potential impact of the proceeding on our reputation.reference.
The Consolidated Cases of Augustus, Hall, and Davis, et al. v. American Commercial Security Services, filed July 12, 2005, in the Superior Court of California, Los Angeles County (the “Augustus case”)
The Augustus case was a certified class action involving violations of certain California state laws relating to rest breaks. The case centered on whether requiring security guards to remain on call during rest breaks violated Section 226.7 of the California Labor Code. On July 31, 2012, the Superior Court of California, Los Angeles County (the “Superior Court”), entered summary judgment in favor of plaintiffs in the amount of approximately $89.7 million (the “common fund”). Subsequently, the Superior Court also awarded plaintiffs’ attorneys’ fees of approximately $4.5 million in addition to approximately 30% of the common fund. Under California law, post-judgment interest on a judgment accrues at a rate of 10% simple interest per year from the date the judgment is entered until it is satisfied. We appealed the Superior Court’s rulings to the Court of Appeals of the State of California, Second Appellate District (the “Appeals Court”). On December 31, 2014, the Appeals Court issued its opinion, reversing the judgment in favor of the plaintiffs and vacating the award of $89.7 million in damages and the attorneys’ fees award. The plaintiffs filed a petition for review with the California Supreme Court on March 4, 2015, and on April 29, 2015, the California Supreme Court granted the plaintiffs’ petition. On December 22, 2016, the California Supreme Court rendered its decision, holding
that on-call and on-duty rest breaks are prohibited by California law, and reversed the Appeals Court judgment on this issue. The amount of post-judgment interest as of December 22, 2016 was approximately $41.2 million.
On February 6, 2017, ABM Security Services, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of ABM Industries Incorporated, entered into a Class Action Settlement and Release with plaintiffs Jennifer Augustus, Delores Hall, Emanuel Davis, and Carlton Anthony Waite, on behalf of themselves and the settlement class members, to settle the Augustus case on a class-wide basis for $110.0 million (the “Augustus Settlement Agreement”). On March 17, 2017, the Augustus Settlement Agreement was amended to address certain procedural matters, and it received final approval of the Superior Court on July 6, 2017. The Augustus Settlement Agreement called for two payments of $55.0 million each. The first payment was made on July 19, 2017, and the second payment, plus an additional payment of $4.8 million for payroll taxes, was made on August 29, 2017.
Karapetyan v. ABM Industries Incorporated and ABM Security Services, Inc., et al., filed on October 23, 2015, pending in the United States District Court for the Central District of California (the “Karapetyan case”)
The Karapetyan case was a putative class action in which the plaintiff sought to represent a class of security guards who worked during time periods subsequent to the class period in the Augustus case. The plaintiff alleged that ABM violated certain California state laws relating to meal and rest breaks and other wage and hour claims. On April 17, 2017, ABM Industries Incorporated, ABM Security Services, Inc., ABM Onsite Services, Inc., and ABM Onsite Services – West, Inc. entered into a Class Action Settlement and Release with plaintiff Vardan Karapetyan, on behalf of himself and the settlement class members, to settle the Karapetyan case on a class-wide basis for $5.0 million. The United States District Court for the Central District of California granted final approval of the settlement on September 7, 2017. The full settlement payment in the amount of $5.0 million, plus an additional $0.2 million in payroll taxes, was made on October 13, 2017.
The Consolidated Cases of Bucio and Martinez v. ABM Janitorial Services filed on April 7, 2006, in the Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco (the “Bucio case”)
The Bucio case is a class action pending in San Francisco Superior Court that alleges we failed to provide legally required meal periods and make additional premium payments for such meal periods, pay split shift premiums when owed, and reimburse janitors for travel expenses. On April 19, 2011, the trial court held a hearing on plaintiffs’ motion to certify the class. At the conclusion of that hearing, the trial court denied plaintiffs’ motion to certify the class. On May 11, 2011, the plaintiffs filed a motion to reconsider, which was denied. The plaintiffs appealed the class certification issues. The trial court stayed the underlying lawsuit pending the decision in the appeal. The Court of Appeal of the State of California, First Appellate District (the “Court of Appeal”), heard oral arguments on November 7, 2017. On December 11, 2017, the Court of Appeal reversed the trial court’s order denying class certification and remanded the matter for certification of a meal period, travel expense reimbursement, and split shift class.
Hussein and Hirsi v. Air Serv Corporation filed on January 20, 2016, pending in the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington at Seattle (the “Hussein case”) and
Isse et al. v. Air Serv Corporation filed on February 7, 2017, pending in the Superior Court of Washington for King County (the “Isse” case)
The Hussein case was a certified class action involving a class of certain hourly Air Serv employees at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport in SeaTac, Washington. The plaintiffs alleged that Air Serv violated a minimum wage requirement in an ordinance applicable to certain employers in the local city of SeaTac (the “Ordinance”). Plaintiffs sought retroactive wages, double damages, interest, and attorneys’ fees. This matter was removed to federal court. In a separate lawsuit brought by Filo Foods, LLC, Alaska Airlines, and several other employers at SeaTac airport, the King County Superior Court issued a decision that invalidated the Ordinance as it applied to workers at SeaTac airport. Subsequently, the Washington Supreme Court reversed the Superior Court’s decision. On February 7, 2017, the Isse case was filed against Air Serv on behalf of 60 individual plaintiffs (who would otherwise be members of the Hussein class), who alleged failure to comply with both the minimum wage provision and the sick and safe time provision of the Ordinance. The Isse plaintiffs sought retroactive wages and sick benefits, double damages for wages and sick benefits, interest, and attorneys’ fees. The Isse case later expanded to approximately 220 individual plaintiffs.
In mediations on November 2 and 3, 2017, and without admitting liability in either matter, we agreed to settle the Hussein and Isse lawsuits for a combined total of $8.3 million, inclusive of damages, interest, attorneys’ fees, and employer payroll taxes. Eligible employees will be able to participate in either the Hussein or Isse settlements, but cannot recover in both settlements. The settlements in both cases will require court approval because of the nature of the claims being released. We are working with our clients to obtain partial or full reimbursement for the settlements.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.
Not applicable.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.
Market Information, Dividends, and DividendsStockholders
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: ABM). The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices of our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange and quarterly cash dividends declared on shares of common stock for the periods indicated.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fiscal Quarter |
| (in dollars) | First | | Second | | Third | | Fourth |
| Fiscal Year 2017 | | | | | | | |
| Price range of common stock | | | | | | | |
| High | $ | 45.03 |
| | $ | 44.68 |
| | $ | 44.93 |
| | $ | 45.12 |
|
| Low | $ | 38.04 |
| | $ | 39.41 |
| | $ | 40.36 |
| | $ | 37.12 |
|
| Dividends declared per share | $ | 0.170 |
| | $ | 0.170 |
| | $ | 0.170 |
| | $ | 0.170 |
|
| Fiscal Year 2016 | | | | | | | |
| Price range of common stock | | | | | | | |
| High | $ | 30.25 |
| | $ | 33.39 |
| | $ | 37.85 |
| | $ | 40.47 |
|
| Low | $ | 26.50 |
| | $ | 28.45 |
| | $ | 32.03 |
| | $ | 36.63 |
|
| Dividends declared per share | $ | 0.165 |
| | $ | 0.165 |
| | $ | 0.165 |
| | $ | 0.165 |
|
We have paid cash dividends every quarter since 1965. Future dividends will be determined based on our earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, and other factors considered relevant by our Board of Directors.
Stockholders
At December 8, 2017,21, 2021, there were 3,2753,056 registered holders of our common stock.
Common Stock Repurchases
Effective December 18, 2019, our Board of Directors replaced our then-existing share repurchase program with a new share repurchase program under which we may repurchase up to $150.0 million of our common stock (the “2019 Share Repurchase Program”). These purchases may take place on the open market or otherwise, and all or part of the repurchases may be made pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 plans or in privately negotiated transactions. The timing of repurchases is at our discretion and will depend upon several factors, including market and business conditions, future cash flows, share price, share availability, and other factors at our discretion. Repurchased shares are retired and returned to an authorized but unissued status. However, due to the market and business conditions arising from the Pandemic, we suspended further repurchases of our common stock in March 2020 and did not repurchase any shares of our outstanding common stock during fiscal year 2021. At October 31, 2021, authorization for $144.9 million of repurchases remained under the 2019 Share Repurchase Program.
Performance Graph
The following graph compares the five-year cumulative total return for our common stock against the Standard & Poor’s SmallCap 600500 Index (“S&P 600”500”) and the Standard & Poor’s 500SmallCap 600 Index (“S&P 500”600”). As our competitors are principally privately held, we do not believe it is feasible to construct a peer group comparison on an industry or line-of-business basis.
| | | | | INDEXED RETURNS
Years Ended October 31, | | INDEXED RETURNS
Years Ended October 31, |
| Company / Index | | 2012 | | 2013 | | 2014 | | 2015 | | 2016 | | 2017 | Company / Index | | 2016 | | 2017 | | 2018 | | 2019 | | 2020 | | 2021 |
| ABM Industries Incorporated | | $ | 100 |
| | $ | 148.5 |
| | $ | 152.7 |
| | $ | 160.3 |
| | $ | 224.9 |
| | $ | 245.4 |
| ABM Industries Incorporated | | $ | 100 | | | $ | 109.2 | | | $ | 81.7 | | | $ | 98.8 | | | $ | 96.3 | | | $ | 124.1 | |
| S&P 500 Index | | 100 |
| | 127.2 |
| | 149.1 |
| | 156.9 |
| | 164.0 |
| | 202.7 |
| S&P 500 Index | | 100 | | | 123.6 | | | 132.7 | | | 151.7 | | | 166.5 | | | 237.9 | |
| S&P SmallCap 600 Index | | 100 |
| | 139.1 |
| | 152.0 |
| | 156.3 |
| | 166.3 |
| | 212.7 |
| S&P SmallCap 600 Index | | 100 | | | 127.9 | | | 135.1 | | | 139.5 | | | 128.7 | | | 204.6 | |
This performance graph shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or “filed” with the Securities and Exchange Commission,SEC, or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C, or subject to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The comparisons in the performance graph are based on historical data and are not indicative of, or intended to forecast, the possible future performance of our common stock.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.[RESERVED]
The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with Item 7., “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and Item 8., “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.” Unless otherwise indicated, all references to years are to our fiscal year, which ends on October 31.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 | | 2014 | | 2013 |
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | | | | | | | | | |
| Statements of Comprehensive Income Data | | | | | | | | | |
Revenues(1) | $ | 5,453.6 |
| | $ | 5,144.7 |
| | $ | 4,897.8 |
| | $ | 4,649.7 |
| | $ | 4,427.8 |
|
Operating profit(2) | 101.9 |
| | 54.7 |
| | 73.6 |
| | 114.8 |
| | 105.3 |
|
| Income from continuing operations | 78.1 |
| | 62.3 |
| | 54.1 |
| | 66.9 |
| | 62.6 |
|
(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of taxes(3) | (74.3 | ) | | (5.1 | ) | | 22.2 |
| | 8.7 |
| | 10.3 |
|
| Per Share Data | | | | | | | | | |
| Net income per common share — Basic | | | | | | | | | |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 1.35 |
| | $ | 1.11 |
| | $ | 0.95 |
| | $ | 1.19 |
| | $ | 1.14 |
|
| Net income | $ | 0.07 |
| | $ | 1.02 |
| | $ | 1.35 |
| | $ | 1.35 |
| | $ | 1.33 |
|
| Net income per common share — Diluted | | | | | | | | | |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 1.34 |
| | $ | 1.09 |
| | $ | 0.94 |
| | $ | 1.17 |
| | $ | 1.12 |
|
| Net income | $ | 0.07 |
| | $ | 1.01 |
| | $ | 1.33 |
| | $ | 1.32 |
| | $ | 1.30 |
|
Weighted-average common and common
equivalent shares outstanding | | | | | | | | | |
| Basic | 57.7 |
| | 56.3 |
| | 56.7 |
| | 56.1 |
| | 54.9 |
|
| Diluted | 58.3 |
| | 56.9 |
| | 57.4 |
| | 57.1 |
| | 56.1 |
|
| Dividends declared per common share | $ | 0.680 |
| | $ | 0.660 |
| | $ | 0.640 |
| | $ | 0.620 |
| | $ | 0.600 |
|
| Statements of Cash Flow Data | | | | | | | | | |
| Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations | $ | 101.7 |
| | $ | 110.5 |
| | $ | 145.5 |
| | $ | 115.6 |
| | $ | 125.2 |
|
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds received(4) | 11.8 |
| | 12.6 |
| | 23.7 |
| | 32.9 |
| | 18.7 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | At October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 | | 2014 | | 2013 |
| Balance Sheet Data | | | | | | | | | |
| Total assets | $ | 3,812.6 |
| | $ | 2,278.8 |
| | $ | 2,130.7 |
| | $ | 2,176.5 |
| | $ | 2,106.2 |
|
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowances(5) | 1,038.1 |
| | 803.7 |
| | 742.9 |
| | 687.3 |
| | 633.5 |
|
Goodwill(6) | 1,864.2 |
| | 912.8 |
| | 867.5 |
| | 854.7 |
| | 822.5 |
|
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization(7) | 430.1 |
| | 103.8 |
| | 111.4 |
| | 127.5 |
| | 142.4 |
|
Long-term debt, net(8) | 1,161.3 |
| | 268.3 |
| | 158.0 |
| | 319.8 |
| | 314.9 |
|
| Insurance claims | 495.4 |
| | 423.8 |
| | 387.4 |
| | 349.7 |
| | 358.0 |
|
(1) Revenues in 2017 included $208.1 million associated with acquisitions, including $169.7 million related to the September 1, 2017 acquisition of GCA Services Group (“GCA”).
(2) Factors affecting comparability of operating profit consisted of the following:
Operating profit in 2017 was positively impacted by a $17.4 million impairment recovery related to our Government Services business, a $10.9 million lower self-insurance adjustment related to prior year claims, a reduction in restructuring and related expenses, and procurement and organizational savings from our 2020Vision initiatives. Operating profit in 2017 was unfavorably impacted by $24.2 million of transaction expenses related to the GCA acquisition.
Operating profit in 2016 was negatively impacted by insurance expense of $49.6 million, consisting of a $32.9 million unfavorable self-insurance adjustment related to prior year claims and $16.7 million of higher insurance expense due to an increase in the rate used to record our insurance reserves during 2016. Operating profit was also unfavorably impacted by $29.0 million of 2020Vision restructuring and related charges and a $22.5 million impairment charge for the Government Services business, consisting of both goodwill and long-lived asset charges. Operating profit in 2016 was favorably impacted by approximately $22 million in savings from our 2020Vision initiatives.
Operating profit in 2015 was negatively impacted by a $35.9 million unfavorable self-insurance adjustment related to prior year claims.
(3) Loss from discontinued operations in 2017 included $120.0 million of settlements related to the Augustus and Karapetyan cases associated with the former Security business. Income from discontinued operations for 2015 reflected the $14.4 million after-tax gain on the sale of the Security business.
(4) Cash paid for income taxes was lower by approximately $10 million for both 2017 and 2016 and $20 million during 2015 due to cash tax savings related to coverage provided by IFM Assurance Company, our wholly-owned captive insurance company. During 2014, cash paid for income taxes increased as certain tax assets were substantially utilized.
(5) Trade accounts receivable, net of allowances, increased by $118.1 million on September 1, 2017 as a result of the GCA acquisition.
(6) Goodwill increased by $933.9 million on September 1, 2017 as a result of the GCA acquisition and by $53.8 million on December 1, 2015 due to the acquisition of Westway Services Holdings (2014) Ltd. (“Westway”).
(7) Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization, increased by $349.0 million on September 1, 2017 as a result of the GCA acquisition.
(8)On September 1, 2017, we refinanced and replaced our existing $800.0 million credit facility with a new secured $1.7 billion credit facility, which we used to partially fund the GCA acquisition. During 2015, we used the cash proceeds from the sale of the Security business to pay down a portion of our line of credit.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”)&A is intended to facilitate an understanding of the results of operations and financial condition of ABM Industries Incorporated and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “ABM,” “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company”).ABM. This MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes (“Financial Statements”).Statements. This MD&A contains both historical and forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, that involve risks and uncertainties. We make forward-looking statements related to future expectations, estimates, and projections that are uncertain and often contain words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “intend,” “likely,” “may,” “outlook,” “plan,” “predict,” “should,” “target,” or other similar words or phrases. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Factors that might cause such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Part 1. of this Form 10-K under Item 1A., “Risk Factors,” which are incorporated herein by reference. Our future results and financial condition may be materially different from those we currently anticipate.
Throughout the MD&A, amounts and percentages may not recalculate due to rounding. In addition, we have revised our prior period segment information to reflect ABM’s reorganization and a related reclassification of certain Corporate expenses. Concurrent with the reorganization, we recategorized certain expenses that were historically included in operating expenses to selling, general and administrative expenses. Unless otherwise indicated, all information in the MD&A and references to years are based on our fiscal year, which ends on October 31.
Business Overview
ABM is a leading provider of integrated facility solutions, customized by industry, with a mission to make a difference, every person, every day. Our principal operations are in the United States, and in 2021 our U.S. operations generated approximately 94% of our revenues.
2020VisionStrategic Growth
In September 2015, we announced a comprehensive transformation initiative (“2020Vision”) intended to driveWe remain focused on long-term, profitable growth by delivering valued service offerings to both new and existing clients within our industry groups and across our many service lines. Our revenue growth strategy is predicated on pursuing new sales and targeting a favorable retention rate among existing contracts. Cross-selling and up-selling projects and services is also an integral part of our strategy. We believe our strategic growth initiatives, coupled with our continued focus on marketing, capital, and sales resources, will increase profitability.
ELEVATE Transformation
Through our ELEVATE strategy, as described in Item 1., “Business.,” we plan to primarily focus our efforts on:
•the client experience, by enhancing service delivery through the development of a new workforce management platform with modern timekeeping, scheduling, and forecasting modules to create a digital connection with our workforce;
•the team member experience, by investing in development programs, talent acquisition tools, and training; and
•the use of technology and data in our systems, tools, business processes, and operating models.
We believe that our technology and data investments will enable: the development and deployment of client-facing technology to improve service delivery to our clients; the use of advanced data analytics for sales targeting, team member retention, and recruiting; and the upgrade of our Enterprise Resource Planning and payroll systems.
Developments and Trends
COVID-19 Pandemic
COVID-19 has resulted in a worldwide health Pandemic. To date, COVID-19 has surfaced in regions all around the world and resulted in business slowdowns and shutdowns, as well as global travel restrictions. We, along with many of our clients, have been impacted by recommendations and/or mandates from federal, state, and local authorities to practice social distancing, to refrain from gathering in groups, and, in some areas, to refrain from non-essential movements outside of homes. The Pandemic has also created unanticipated circumstances and uncertainty, disruption, and significant volatility in the broader economy. These factors have led to lower demand for some of our services in certain end-markets, particularly in our Aviation segment. Refer to “Consolidated Results of Operations” and “Results of Operations by Segment” for additional information related to the impact of the Pandemic on our financial results.
Given the unprecedented and uncertain nature and potential duration of this situation, we cannot reasonably estimate the full extent of the impact the Pandemic will have on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. The ultimate extent of the effects of the Pandemic on our company is highly uncertain and will depend on future developments, and we may continue to experience adverse effects on our business, consolidated results of operations, financial position, and cash flows resulting from a recessionary economic environment that may persist.
Our priority has been and continues to be the health, safety, and support of our employees, our clients, and the communities that we serve. We have also taken actions to strengthen our liquidity, cash flows, and financial position to help mitigate potential future impacts on our operations and financial performance. These priorities and measures include, but are not limited to, the following:
Health and Safety of our Employees and Clients
As the Pandemic has developed, we have taken steps to support our employees and clients based on recommendations from various global experts, including the World Health Organization, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, and the U.K. National Health Service. To help protect our employees and our clients, face masks and other personal protective equipment (“PPE”) are being used by our employees. We have also encouraged our employees to practice social distancing and wash hands frequently. Additionally, we transitioned many office-based employees to a remote work environment, suspended non-essential travel, and adopted technologies to allow employees to effectively perform their functions remotely.
Client Focus
Over the past few years, we have focused on consolidating purchasing activities to leverage our scale and identify preferred suppliers. While we have seen a reduction in the availability of supplies and an industry-based go-to-market approach. Our 2020Vision involves three phases: During Phase 1, which we completed on November 1, 2016, we realignedincrease in costs, our organization; in Phase 2, which is continuing today,procurement efforts have helped create a positive supply chain for our company and clients during the Pandemic. We will continue to monitor our supply chain for potential impacts as future developments unfold.
The Pandemic continues to create a dynamic client environment, and we are focusedworking diligently to ensure our clients’ changing staffing and service needs are met. We developed new cleaning initiatives in accordance with various protocols issued by global experts, including deep cleaning services, special project cleaning services, and other work orders.
In April 2020, we announced our EnhancedCleanTM Program (“EnhancedClean”), an innovative solution that helps provide clients with healthy spaces. We designed EnhancedClean under the guidance of experts on improvementsinfectious diseases and industrial hygiene to help provide our operational frameworkclients with processes that use hospital-grade disinfectants, specialized equipment, and innovative solutions and technology. These solutions include: hygiene and safety protocols, utilization of disinfecting procedures and products for high-touch surfaces, employment of PPE, and communication and training protocols.
Management of Direct Labor
As we adapt to promote efficienciesthe changing demand environment resulting from the Pandemic, we continue to actively manage direct labor and process enhancements;related personnel costs, including furloughs or reduced hours for certain frontline employees in markets significantly impacted by business slowdowns and in Phase 3,shutdowns.
Liquidity, Cash Flows, and Financial Position
We have taken and continue to take actions to help preserve cash, increase liquidity, and strengthen our financial position, including:
•Amending our credit facility on June 28, 2021, to increase our borrowing capacity and further enhance our financial flexibility (refer to “Liquidity and Capital Resources” for more information);
•Focusing on collection of client receivables and monitoring the foundation of benefits realized from Phases 1 and 2, we anticipate accelerating growth with our industry-based, go-to-market service model.
Phase 1 Industry Realignment
Effective November 1, 2016, we reorganized our reportable segments to reflect how we now manage our business by industry group:
Phase 2 Developments
Consistent Excellence
During 2017, we conducted a thorough evaluationadequacy of our field operations acrossreserves;
•Extending vendor payment terms where possible; and
•Utilizing certain governmental relief efforts (as further described below).
In response to the countryPandemic, Congress enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) on March 27, 2020. The CARES Act provides various stimulus measures, including several income tax and payroll tax provisions. Among the payroll tax provisions is the creation of a refundable credit for employee retention and the deferral of certain payroll tax remittances through December 31, 2020, to identify best practices (The “ABMWay”)future years (with 50% of the deferred amount due by December 31, 2021, and the remaining 50% due by December 31, 2022). We evaluated the impact of business tax provisions in account planning, labor management, manager development,the CARES Act and safety and risk management. determined the impact of the income tax provisions is not material. The impact of the payroll tax provisions was the deferral of approximately $132 million of payroll tax as of October 31, 2021. Additionally, we received grants under the United Kingdom’s job retention scheme to reimburse us for a portion of certain furloughed employees’ salaries from March 2020 through September 2021.
As a result of this site-by-site review,the actions taken above, we beganwere able to codify best practices, and throughoutstrengthen our company we are piloting ABMWay procedures, including initiating team cleaning and institutingcash flow in fiscal 2021. As of October 31, 2021, these actions resulted in a daily momentborrowing capacity of safety. We also continue to make investments in technology platforms to help drive and sustain our 2020Vision strategy.$875.0 million.
Cost OptimizationInsurance Reserves
We are migrating moreuse a combination of insured and self-insurance programs to cover workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability, property damage, and other insurable risks. Insurance claim liabilities represent our back office functionsestimate of retained risks without regard to our Enterprise Services Center in Sugar Land, Texas and are continuing to consolidate our procurement activities. Our procurement initiatives resulted in savings of $10.0 million during 2017.
Talent Development
Oneinsurance coverage. We retain a substantial portion of the key underpinningsrisk related to certain workers’ compensation and medical claims. Liabilities associated with these losses include estimates of our2020Visionisboth filed claims and incurred but not reported claims (“IBNR Claims”).
With the investment in peopleassistance of third-party actuaries, we review our estimate of ultimate losses for IBNR Claims on a quarterly basis and the development of key personnel. Our Talent Development Group has improved front line leadership training initiatives, began the centralization of talent acquisition for staff and management, and completed a full talent assessment program identifying emerging leaders throughout the Company. By prioritizing these initiatives, we believe we are building a stronger organization that will enable us to be a leader in industry-based facility solutions.
2018 and Beyond
We will continue to roll out The ABMWay procedures we began to identify in 2017. In addition, we are in the process of creating a standardized sales culture, focusing on driving long term, profitable sales and effective cross-selling processes. We expect The ABMWay andadjust our new sales organization will build the foundation upon which we can profitably deliver leading industry-based facility solutions.
Developments and Trends
GCA Services Group
On September 1, 2017, we acquired GCA Services Group (“GCA”), a provider of integrated facility services to educational institutions and commercial facilities, for approximately $1.3 billion, consisting of $839.9 million in cash and approximately 9.4 million shares of ABM common stock with a fair value of $421.3 million at closing, which amounts exclude shares withheld for taxes.
We expect this acquisition to be transformative and to accelerate our 2020Vision required self-insurance reserves as GCA’s client-centric goals and philosophies align closely with those of ABM.appropriate. As a resultpart of this acquisition,evaluation, we review the revenue within our Education industry group is expected to increase from $250 million to approximately $850 million annually. We also estimate a $500 million increase in annual revenue within our other industry groups, including Business & Industrystatus of existing and High Tech. We further anticipate opportunities to cross-sellnew claim reserves as established by third-party claims administrators. The third-party claims administrators establish the services of our Technical Solutions business to GCA’s existing educational base. We expect this acquisition will strengthen all of our industry groups and, in particular, position our Education industry group as a leader in this market segment.
Due to the timing of the acquisition and integration of GCA’s standalone operations into our industry groups, GCA was separately managed and reported in 2017. Among other changes, once we integrate GCA into our industry group model in 2018, we anticipate our Education industry group will become a reportable segment. We also expect to present a new Technology & Manufacturing reportable segment, that will combine our High Tech industry group and the legacy GCA and ABM Industrial & Manufacturing (“I&M”) businesses. ABM’s legacy I&M business was included in the B&I segment.
We anticipate cost synergies relating to the GCA acquisition of approximately $20–$30 million annually within two years. In connection with the acquisition, we expect to incur one-time transaction and integration related expenses of approximately $70 million, which includes approximately $19 million of financing costs that are being amortized over the term of the new credit facility. We will also incur higher interest expense as a result of an increased level of debt and higher amortization expense.
Government Services Business
In connection with the held-for-sale classification of the Government Services business in 2016, we wrote down goodwill and long-lived assets of this business by $22.5 million to reflect our best estimate of fair value less costs to sell, using all information available at that time. During the second quarter of 2017, we received an offer from a strategic buyer to purchase this business for approximately $35.0 million, which was higher than our previous estimate of fair value less costs to sell. As a result, we recorded a $17.4 million impairment recovery to adjust the fair value of certain previously impaired assets to the valuation of the assets as implied by the agreed-upon sales price, less estimated costs to sell. On May 31, 2017, we sold this business for $35.5 million.
Legal
On July 6, 2017, ABM Security Services, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of ABM Industries Incorporated, entered into a Class Action Settlement and Release to settle the Consolidated Cases of Augustus, Hall, and Davis, et al. v. American Commercial Security Services, on a class-wide basis for $110.0 million, as approved by the Superior Court of California, Los Angeles County. The first payment of $55.0 million was made on July 19, 2017, and the second payment of $55.0 million, plus an additional payment of $4.8 million for payroll taxes, was made on August 29, 2017, both of which were funded from operating cash flows and borrowings under our credit facility.
In connection with Karapetyan v. ABM Industries Incorporated and ABM Security Services, Inc., et al. (the “Karapetyan case”), we entered into a Class Action Settlement and Release with plaintiff Vardan Karapetyan, on behalf of himself and the settlement class members, to settle the Karapetyancase on a class-wide basis for $5.0 million. The United States District Court for the Central District of California granted final approval of the settlement on September 7, 2017. The full settlement payment in the amount of $5.0 million, plus an additional $0.2 million in payroll taxes, was made on October 13, 2017.
As these settlements werereserves based upon known factors related to the former Security business,type and severity of the amountsclaims, demographic factors, legislative matters, and case law, as appropriate. We compare actual trends to expected trends and monitor claims developments. The specific case reserves estimated by the third-party administrators are reflectedprovided to an actuary who assists us in discontinued operations throughout this MD&A. These settlements are taxprojecting an actuarial estimate of the overall ultimate losses for our self-insured or high deductible and will result inprograms, which includes the case reserves plus an estimated $50 million in cash tax savings,actuarial estimate of reserves required for additional developments, such as IBNR Claims. We utilize the majorityresults of which we expect to receive in 2018.
Insurance
During 2017, we performed actuarial studies to estimate our insurance rates and insurance reserves for future periods and to adjust reserves, if appropriate, for prior years.
The actuarial reviews demonstrate that the changes we have made to our risk management program continue to positively impact the frequency and severity of our casualty insuranceclaims. The claims management strategies and programs that considered changeswe have implemented have resulted in claim developments and claim payment activity for the period commencing May 1, 2016 and ending April 30, 2017 for all policy years in which open claims existed.improvements. Furthermore, we continue to adjust our reserves consistent with known fact patterns. Based on the results of these studies, which included analyzing recent loss development patterns, comparing the loss development patterns against benchmarks, and applying actuarial projection methods to estimate the ultimate losses,reviews performed, we increaseddecreased our total reserves related to prior years for known claims as well as our estimate of the loss amounts associated with IBNR claims incurred but not reported (“IBNR Claims”) for years prior to 2017during 2021 by $22.0 million during 2017. This adjustment was $10.9 million lower than the$36.0 million. In 2020, we decreased our total adjustmentreserves related to prior year claims of $32.9 million in 2016.
2020Vision Restructuring and Related Costs
In connection with the execution of our 2020Vision, we originally anticipated total pre-tax restructuring and related charges would range from $45 million to $60by $30.2 million. Additional costs were incurred, mainly related to additional use of external advisors for initial pricing and furthering of procurement efforts to enhance and support our 2020Vision initiatives. As a result, our total pre-tax restructuring and related charges were slightly higher than the range we originally estimated. We do not expect to incur significant 2020Vision restructuring and related expenses in the future.
|
| | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | | Year Ended October 31, 2017 | | Cumulative |
| External Support Fees | | $ | 12.1 |
| | $ | 28.0 |
|
| Employee Severance | | 0.5 |
| | 13.8 |
|
| Other Project Fees | | 5.7 |
| | 10.4 |
|
| Lease Exit | | 2.6 |
| | 5.7 |
|
| Asset Impairment | | — |
| | 4.7 |
|
| Total | | $ | 20.9 |
| | $ | 62.5 |
|
United States Tax Reform
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 was approved by Congress on December 20, 2017, and as of the filing of this report, it is awaiting signature by President Donald J. Trump. The law includes significant changes to the U.S. corporate income tax system, including a Federal corporate rate reduction from 35% to 21%, limitations on the deductibility of interest expense and executive compensation, and the transition of U.S. international taxation from a worldwide tax system to a territorial tax system. This change may result in a U.S. tax liability on those earnings which have not previously been repatriated to the U.S., with future foreign earnings potentially not subject to U.S. income taxes when repatriated. The majority of the provisions will have an impact on ABM beginning in fiscal years 2018 and 2019. We are in the process of analyzing the final legislation and determining an estimate of the financial impact.
Key Financial Highlights
•Revenues increased by $308.9$241.0 million, or 6.0%4.0%, during 2017,2021, as compared to 2016. Organic2020, primarily driven by a $101.1 million revenue increased 2.0%.increase due to the Able Acquisition in the fourth quarter of 2021, an increase in work orders (primarily as a result of the Pandemic), new business within B&I, T&M, and Technical Solutions, and the recovery of volume in Education and Technical Solutions as Pandemic-related disruptions eased in the last half of fiscal year 2021.
•Operating profit increased by $47.2$110.6 million or 86.2%, during 2017,2021, as compared to 2016.2020. The increase in operating profit is primarilywas attributable to:
◦the absence of prior year impairment charges recorded on goodwill and intangible assets totaling $172.8 million due to the impairment recoveryadverse impact of market and business conditions resulting from the Pandemic;
◦higher margins on work orders as a result of the Pandemic;
◦a decrease in bad debt expense, primarily associated with higher reserves established for client receivables in the prior year, due to increasing credit risk resulting from the Pandemic; and
◦the absence of a reserve on notes receivable related to our Government Services business, a lower self-insurance adjustment, a reduction in restructuring and related expenses, and procurement and organizational savingsunique, entertainment-related project within Technical Solutions, mainly associated with increasing credit risk resulting from our 2020Vision initiatives. Thisthe Pandemic.
The increase was partially offset byby:
◦the accrual of a contract termination within our Aviation businesslegal settlement for the Bucio case;
◦increased expenditures for certain technology projects and $24.2 millionother enterprise initiatives (including ELEVATE);
◦the absence of transaction expensesmanagement and staff furloughs that occurred in the prior year in response to the Pandemic; and
◦acquisition and integration costs related to the GCA acquisition.
Able Acquisition.•Our effective tax rate on income from continuing operations was 29.8% for 2021, as compared to 99.6% during 2020, with the decrease primarily due to the impairment of non-deductible goodwill during 2020 and not recurring in 2021.
•Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations was $101.7$314.3 million during 2017.2021.
•Dividends of $39.5$51.0 million were paid to shareholders, and dividends totaling $0.680$0.760 per common share were declared during 2017.2021.
•At October 31, 2017,2021, total outstanding borrowings under our credit facility were $1.2 billion,$888.8 million, and we had up to $350.8$875.0 million of borrowing capacity under our line of credit, subject to covenant restrictions that may limit the amount we can borrow.capacity.
Results of Operations
Consolidated
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Years Ended October 31, | | 2021 vs. 2020 |
| ($ in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | Increase / (Decrease) |
| Revenues | $ | 6,228.6 | | | $ | 5,987.6 | | | $ | 6,498.6 | | | $ | 241.0 | | | 4.0% |
| Operating expenses | 5,258.2 | | | 5,157.0 | | | 5,767.5 | | | 101.2 | | | 2.0% |
| Gross margin | 15.6 | % | | 13.9 | % | | 11.2 | % | | 171 bps | | |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 719.2 | | | 506.1 | | | 452.9 | | | 213.1 | | | 42.1% |
| Restructuring and related expenses | — | | | 7.6 | | | 11.2 | | | (7.6) | | | NM* |
| Amortization of intangible assets | 45.0 | | | 48.4 | | | 58.5 | | | (3.4) | | | (7.1)% |
| Impairment loss of goodwill and other intangibles | — | | | 172.8 | | | — | | | (172.8) | | | NM* |
| Operating profit | 206.3 | | | 95.7 | | | 208.3 | | | 110.6 | | | NM* |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | 2.1 | | | 2.2 | | | 3.0 | | | (0.1) | | | (3.9)% |
| Interest expense | (28.6) | | | (44.6) | | | (51.1) | | | (16.0) | | | 35.9% |
Income from continuing operations before
income taxes | 179.8 | | | 53.3 | | | 160.2 | | | 126.5 | | | NM* |
| Income tax provision | (53.5) | | | (53.1) | | | (32.7) | | | 0.4 | | | (0.8)% |
| Income from continuing operations | 126.3 | | | 0.2 | | | 127.5 | | | 126.1 | | | NM* |
Income (loss) from discontinued operations,
net of taxes | — | | | 0.1 | | | (0.1) | | | (0.1) | | | NM* |
| Net income | 126.3 | | | 0.3 | | | 127.4 | | | 126.0 | | | NM* |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | | | | | | | | | |
| Interest rate swaps | 4.5 | | | (7.6) | | | (22.4) | | | 12.1 | | | NM* |
| Foreign currency translation and other | 5.3 | | | (1.8) | | | 1.6 | | | 7.1 | | | NM* |
| Income tax (provision) benefit | (1.5) | | | 2.4 | | | 5.9 | | | (3.9) | | | NM* |
| Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 134.5 | | | $ | (6.6) | | | $ | 112.5 | | | $ | 141.1 | | | NM* |
*Not meaningful
The Year Ended October 31, 20172021 Compared with the Year Ended October 31, 20162020
Consolidated |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | Increase / (Decrease) |
| Revenues | $ | 5,453.6 |
| | $ | 5,144.7 |
| | $ | 308.9 |
| | 6.0% |
| Operating expenses | 4,881.2 |
| | 4,603.4 |
| | 277.8 |
| | 6.0% |
| Gross margin | 10.5 | % | | 10.5 | % | | — |
| | |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 436.6 |
| | 410.1 |
| | 26.5 |
| | 6.5% |
| Restructuring and related expenses | 20.9 |
| | 29.0 |
| | (8.1 | ) | | (28.1)% |
| Amortization of intangible assets | 31.6 |
| | 25.0 |
| | 6.6 |
| | 26.5% |
| Impairment (recovery) loss | (18.5 | ) | | 22.5 |
| | (41.0 | ) | | NM* |
| Operating profit | 101.9 |
| | 54.7 |
| | 47.2 |
| | 86.2% |
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates, net | 4.2 |
| | 7.6 |
| | (3.4 | ) | | (44.6)% |
| Interest expense | (19.2 | ) | | (10.4 | ) | | (8.8 | ) | | (84.3)% |
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 86.9 |
| | 51.9 |
| | 35.0 |
| | 67.3% |
| Income tax (provision) benefit | (8.8 | ) | | 10.4 |
| | (19.2 | ) | | NM* |
| Income from continuing operations | 78.1 |
| | 62.3 |
| | 15.8 |
| | 25.3% |
| Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes | (74.3 | ) | | (5.1 | ) | | (69.2 | ) | | NM* |
| Net income | 3.8 |
| | 57.2 |
| | (53.4 | ) | | (93.3)% |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | | | | | | | |
| Foreign currency translation | 9.7 |
| | (26.3 | ) | | 36.0 |
| | NM* |
| Other, net of taxes | 1.6 |
| | (0.2 | ) | | 1.8 |
| | NM* |
| Comprehensive income | $ | 15.2 |
| | $ | 30.7 |
| | $ | (15.5 | ) | | (50.5)% |
Revenues
Revenues increased by $308.9$241.0 million, or 6.0%4.0%, during 2017,2021, as compared to 2016.2020. The increase in revenues was primarily attributabledriven by a $101.1 million revenue increase due to $208.1 millionthe Able Acquisition in the fourth quarter of incremental revenues from acquisitions, including GCA,2021, an increase in work orders (primarily as a result of the Pandemic), new business within B&I, T&M, and organic growth of $121.0 million in Aviation and $38.5 million in Business & Industry (“B&I”). This increase was partially offset by the sale of our Government Services business on May 31, 2017, the loss of certain contracts in our Emerging Industries Group,Technical Solutions, and the completionrecovery of a large energy savings performance contract (“ESPC”).volume in Education and Technical Solutions as Pandemic-related disruptions eased in the last half of fiscal year 2021.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses increased by $277.8$101.2 million, or 6.0%2.0%, during 2017,2021, as compared to 2016.2020. Gross margin remained flat at 10.5%increased by 171 bps to 15.6% in 2017 and 2016. Gross margin was positively impacted by a lower self-insurance adjustment related to prior year claims and savings2021 from our 2020Vision initiatives. However,13.9% in 2020. The increase in gross margin was negatively impactedprimarily associated with higher margins on new business within B&I and Aviation and an increase in work orders with higher margins as a result of the Pandemic (primarily within B&I). The increase in gross margin was also driven by lower self-insurance expense, due to decreased claim frequency as a contract termination withinresult of our Aviation businesssafety and claims management program and reduced workplace occupancy as a result of the loss of a multi-location janitorial account in our Emerging Industries Group.Pandemic.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $26.5$213.1 million, or 6.5%42.1%, during 2017,2021, as compared to 2016.2020. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily relatedattributable to:
$24.2 million of transaction expenses related to the GCA acquisition;
an $8.1•a $144.2 million increase in legal costs associated with 2020Vision technology investments;and settlements, primarily attributed to the accrual of a legal settlement for the Bucio case;
•a $43.2 million increase in certain technology projects and other enterprise initiatives (including ELEVATE), in addition to marketing events;
$5.8•a $38.8 million of higherincrease in compensation and related expenses, primarily relateddriven by corporate and staff labor reductions that occurred in the prior period due to hiring additional personnel to support our 2020Vision initiatives, which was reduced by a reversalthe Pandemic, including wage reductions, employee furloughs, and the suspension of certain expenses relatedbenefits such as 401(k) matching. The increase was also due to updated assessments regarding financial performance target achievements in connection with certain performance share awards and cash incentive plans;
$4.1 million of incremental selling, general and administrative expenses related to the GCA acquisition; and
•a $2.3$21.9 million increase in legal expenses.acquisition and integration costs attributable to the Able Acquisition; and
•a $9.1 million non-cash impairment charge for previously capitalized internal-use software related to our ERP system implementation as we determined that certain components developed will no longer be incorporated into the new ERP system;
This increase was partially offset by:
an $8.8•a $19.0 million reductiondecrease in bad debt expense, primarily associated with the absence of specifichigher reserves established for certain client receivables that were recorded in 2016;
a $3.2 million reimbursement during 2017 of previously expensed fees associated with a concluded internal investigation into a foreign entity formerly affiliated with a joint venture;
a $2.7 million decrease in sales tax reserve compared with the sales tax reserve in 2016; and
organizational savings from our 2020Vision initiatives.
Restructuring and Related Expenses
Restructuring and related costs decreased by $8.1 million, or 28.1%, during 2017, as compared to 2016, as a result of the completion of our 2020Vision organizational realignment and related employee severance in 2016.
Impairment Recovery
On May 31, 2017, we sold our Government Services business for $35.5 million. Based on the initial offer of $35.0 million received during the second quarter of 2017, we recorded a $17.4 million impairment recovery to adjust the fair value of certain previously impaired assets. In connection with the sale, we recorded a pre-tax gain of approximately $1.2 million, which is reflected as part of impairment (recovery) loss in the results of operations table above.
Interest Expense
Interest expense increased by $8.8 million, or 84.3%, during 2017, as compared to 2016, primarily related to increased borrowings and higher relative interest rates under our new credit facility to fund the GCA acquisition.
Income Taxes
During 2017, we had an income tax provision of $8.8 million, compared with an income tax benefit of $10.4 million in the prior year. In 2017 we benefited from $17.8 million relatedyear, due to expiring statutes of limitations for an uncertain tax position, compared with $20.8 million in 2016. The 2017 period also benefited from $3.6 million of excess tax benefits related to the vesting of share-based compensation awards and $1.9 million of tax credits for energy efficient government buildings, compared with $2.2 million and $1.2 million in 2016, respectively. Additionally, in 2016 we benefited from Work Opportunity Tax Credits (“WOTC”) of $5.1 millionincreasing credit risk resulting from the retroactive reinstatement of the WOTC for calendar year 2015. Both periods benefited from in-year WOTC.Pandemic;
Loss from Discontinued Operations, Net of Taxes
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes was $74.3 million during 2017 related to a legal reserve established in connection with the Augustus and Karapetyan settlement agreements. Refer to “Developments and Trends—Legal,” above, for additional details.
Foreign Currency Translation
During 2017 we recognized as a component of our comprehensive income a foreign currency translation gain of $9.7 million compared with a loss of $26.3 million during 2016. This change was related to the U.S. Dollar (“USD”) weakening against the Great Britain Pound (“GBP”) during 2017. Future gains and losses on foreign currency translation will be dependent upon changes in the relative value of foreign currencies to the USD and the extent of our foreign assets and liabilities.
Segment Information
Our reportable segments consist of B&I, Aviation, Emerging Industries Group, Technical Solutions, and the newly acquired GCA Services. As the Government Services business has been sold and is no longer part of our ongoing operations, we have excluded a discussion of its 2017 results in this report. We have also excluded a discussion of the GCA Services segment based on the timing of the acquisition.
Financial Information for Each Reportable Segment
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | Increase / (Decrease) |
| Revenues | | | | | | | |
| Business & Industry | $ | 2,992.5 |
| | $ | 2,949.1 |
| | $ | 43.4 |
| | 1.5% |
| Aviation | 988.1 |
| | 851.8 |
| | 136.3 |
| | 16.0% |
| Emerging Industries Group | 777.1 |
| | 801.9 |
| | (24.8 | ) | | (3.1)% |
| Technical Solutions | 439.6 |
| | 425.3 |
| | 14.3 |
| | 3.4% |
| GCA Services | 169.7 |
| | — |
| | 169.7 |
| | NM* |
| Government Services | 86.5 |
| | 116.7 |
| | (30.2 | ) | | (25.8)% |
| | $ | 5,453.6 |
| | $ | 5,144.7 |
| | $ | 308.9 |
| | 6.0% |
| Operating profit (loss) | | | | | | | |
| Business & Industry | $ | 154.0 |
| | $ | 135.4 |
| | $ | 18.6 |
| | 13.7% |
| Operating profit margin | 5.1 | % | | 4.6 | % | | 56 bps |
| | |
| Aviation | 28.8 |
| | 27.7 |
| | 1.1 |
| | 3.8% |
| Operating profit margin | 2.9 | % | | 3.3 | % | | (34) bps |
| | |
| Emerging Industries Group | 45.9 |
| | 61.0 |
| | (15.1 | ) | | (24.9)% |
| Operating profit margin | 5.9 | % | | 7.6 | % | | (171) bps |
| | |
| Technical Solutions | 39.0 |
| | 28.9 |
| | 10.1 |
| | 34.8% |
| Operating profit margin | 8.9 | % | | 6.8 | % | | 207 bps |
| | |
| GCA Services | 3.4 |
| | — |
| | 3.4 |
| | NM* |
| Operating profit margin | 2.0 | % | | NM* |
| | NM* |
| | |
| Government Services | 21.8 |
| | (23.4 | ) | | 45.2 |
| | NM* |
| Operating profit (loss) margin | 25.2 | % | | (20.1 | )% | | NM* |
| | |
| Corporate | (185.0 | ) | | (167.2 | ) | | (17.8 | ) | | (10.7)% |
| Adjustment for income from unconsolidated affiliates, net, included in Aviation and Government Services | (4.1 | ) | | (6.5 | ) | | 2.4 |
| | 37.3% |
| Adjustment for tax credits for energy efficient government buildings, included in Technical Solutions | (1.9 | ) | | (1.2 | ) | | (0.7 | ) | | (52.9)% |
| | $ | 101.9 |
| | $ | 54.7 |
| | $ | 47.2 |
| | 86.2% |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Business & Industry | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | Increase |
| Revenues | $ | 2,992.5 |
| | $ | 2,949.1 |
| | $ | 43.4 |
| | 1.5% |
| Operating profit | 154.0 |
| | 135.4 |
| | 18.6 |
| | 13.7% |
| Operating profit margin | 5.1 | % | | 4.6 | % | | 56 bps |
| | |
B&I revenues increased by $43.4 million, or 1.5%, during 2017, as compared to 2016. The increase was primarily attributable to new janitorial business, including new contract wins in the U.K. and additional tag revenue, as well as expansion of existing facility services accounts. Management reimbursement revenues for this segment totaled $234.2 million and $227.8 million during 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Operating profit increased by $18.6 million, or 13.7%, during 2017, as compared to 2016. Operating profit margin increased by 56 bps to 5.1% in 2017 from 4.6% in 2016. The increase in operating profit margin was primarily
associated with higher margin revenues, cost control savings from our 2020Vision initiatives, and lower legal settlement costs. This increase was partially offset by reserves recorded for multiemployer union benefit obligations from previous years and by lower profit margins associated with certain leased location arrangements.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Aviation | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | Increase / (Decrease) |
| Revenues | $ | 988.1 |
| | $ | 851.8 |
| | $ | 136.3 |
| | 16.0% |
| Operating profit | 28.8 |
| | 27.7 |
| | 1.1 |
| | 3.8% |
| Operating profit margin | 2.9 | % | | 3.3 | % | | (34) bps |
| | |
Aviation revenues increased by $136.3 million, or 16.0%, during 2017, as compared to 2016. The increase was primarily attributable to organic growth in parking, transportation, passenger services, cabin cleaning, and facility services. Management reimbursement revenues for this segment totaled $80.4 million and $78.2 million during 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Operating profit increased by $1.1 million, or 3.8%, during 2017, as compared to 2016. Operating profit margin decreased by 34 bps to 2.9% in 2017 from 3.3% in 2016. The decrease in operating profit margin was primarily attributable to a contract termination during 2017 and operational issues in certain geographic markets. This decrease was partially offset by lower allocated costs from our 2020Vision initiatives and the absence of both a penalty imposed by a regulatory agency and a specific reserve established for a client receivable in 2016.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Emerging Industries Group | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | Decrease |
| Revenues | $ | 777.1 |
| | $ | 801.9 |
| | $ | (24.8 | ) | | (3.1)% |
| Operating profit | 45.9 |
| | 61.0 |
| | (15.1 | ) | | (24.9)% |
| Operating profit margin | 5.9 | % | | 7.6 | % | | (171) bps |
| | |
Emerging Industries Group revenues decreased by $24.8 million, or 3.1%, during 2017, as compared to 2016. The decrease was primarily related to the losses of certain High Tech and Education facility services accounts. The decrease in revenues for this segment was partially offset by net new janitorial business in the Healthcare and Education industry groups.
Operating profit decreased by $15.1 million, or 24.9%, during 2017, as compared to 2016. Operating profit margin decreased by 171 bps to 5.9% in 2017 from 7.6% in 2016. The decrease in operating profit margin was primarily attributable to lower contribution margin from certain High Tech contracts, including the loss of a multi-location janitorial account, higher allocated costs from our 2020Vision initiatives, and reserves recorded for multiemployer union benefit obligations from previous years.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Technical Solutions | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | Increase |
| Revenues | $ | 439.6 |
| | $ | 425.3 |
| | $ | 14.3 |
| | 3.4% |
| Operating profit | 39.0 |
| | 28.9 |
| | 10.1 |
| | 34.8% |
| Operating profit margin | 8.9 | % | | 6.8 | % | | 207 bps |
| | |
Technical Solutions revenues increased by $14.3 million, or 3.4%, during 2017, as compared to 2016. The increase was primarily attributable to incremental revenues from acquisitions of $18.1 million and higher project revenues, partially offset by the completion of a large ESPC project.
Operating profit increased by $10.1 million, or 34.8%, during 2017, as compared to 2016. Operating profit margin increased by 207 bps to 8.9% in 2017 from 6.8% in 2016. The increase in operating profit margin was primarily attributable to the completion of a relatively lower margin ESPC project that started in 2016, the management of our
selling, general and administrative expenses, a reduction in bad debt, and higher operational tax credits for energy efficient government building projects.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Corporate | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | Increase |
| Corporate expenses | $ | 185.0 |
| | $ | 167.2 |
| | $ | 17.8 |
| | 10.7% |
Corporate expenses increased by $17.8 million, or 10.7%, during 2017, as compared to 2016. The increase in corporate expenses was primarily related to:
$24.2 million of transaction expenses related to the GCA acquisition;
an $8.1 million increase in costs associated with 2020Vision technology investments;
a $5.8 million increase in other costs to support our 2020Vision initiatives;
a $5.1 million increase in legal settlement costs, including a settlement relating to a case alleging certain minimum wage violations; and
a $2.3 increase in legal expenses.
This increase was partially offset by:
a $10.9 million decrease in self-insurance expense related to prior year claims as a result of an actuarial evaluation completed during 2017;
a $7.8 million decrease in restructuring and related costs as a result of the completion of our 2020Vision organizational realignment;
•the absence of a $5.2$17.6 million specific reserve established during 2016 foron notes receivable related to a portion of a client receivable that is the subject of ongoing litigation;
a $3.2 million reimbursement during 2017 of previously expensed feesunique, entertainment-related project within Technical Solutions, mainly associated with a concluded internal investigation into a foreign entity formerly affiliated with a joint venture;increasing credit risk resulting from the Pandemic; and
a $1.9•an $11.7 million decrease in sales tax reserve.
The Year Ended October 31, 2016 Compared with the Year Ended October 31, 2015
Consolidated
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2016 | | 2015 | | Increase / (Decrease) |
| Revenues | $ | 5,144.7 |
| | $ | 4,897.8 |
| | $ | 246.9 |
| | 5.0% |
| Expenses | | | | | | | |
| Operating expenses | 4,603.4 |
| | 4,392.3 |
| | 211.1 |
| | 4.8% |
| Gross margin | 10.5 | % | | 10.3 | % | | 20 bps |
| | |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 410.1 |
| | 395.0 |
| | 15.1 |
| | 3.8% |
| Restructuring and related expenses | 29.0 |
| | 12.7 |
| | 16.3 |
| | NM* |
| Amortization of intangible assets | 25.0 |
| | 24.2 |
| | 0.8 |
| | 3.1% |
| Impairment loss | 22.5 |
| | — |
| | 22.5 |
| | 100.0% |
| Operating profit | 54.7 |
| | 73.6 |
| | (18.9 | ) | | (25.6)% |
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates, net | 7.6 |
| | 9.0 |
| | (1.4 | ) | | (15.2)% |
| Interest expense | (10.4 | ) | | (10.2 | ) | | (0.2 | ) | | (2.3)% |
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 51.9 |
| | 72.4 |
| | (20.5 | ) | | (28.3)% |
| Income tax benefit (provision) | 10.4 |
| | (18.3 | ) | | 28.7 |
| | NM* |
| Income from continuing operations | 62.3 |
| | 54.1 |
| | 8.2 |
| | 15.2% |
| (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of taxes | (5.1 | ) | | 22.2 |
| | (27.3 | ) | | NM* |
| Net income | 57.2 |
| | 76.3 |
| | (19.1 | ) | | (25.0)% |
| Other comprehensive loss | | | | | | | |
| Foreign currency translation | (26.3 | ) | | (2.2 | ) | | (24.1 | ) | | NM* |
| Other, net of taxes | (0.2 | ) | | (0.1 | ) | | (0.1 | ) | | 89.1% |
| Comprehensive income | $ | 30.7 |
| | $ | 74.0 |
| | $ | (43.3 | ) | | (58.5)% |
Revenues
Revenues increased by $246.9 million, or 5.0%, during 2016, as compared to 2015. The increase in revenues was attributable to organic growth in Aviation, B&I, Technical Solutions, and Emerging Industries Group and to $101.9 million of incremental revenues from acquisitions. This increase was partially offset by the completion of certain Government Services contracts.
Operating Expenses
Operating expenses increased by $211.1 million, or 4.8%, during 2016, as compared to 2015. Gross margin increased by 20 bps to 10.5% in 2016 from 10.3% in 2015. The increase in gross margin was primarily attributable to higher revenue contribution from our Technical Solutions business and savings from our 2020Vision initiatives and the related timing of open positions. This increase was partially offset by higher insurance expense due to an increase in the rate used to record our insurance reserves and one more working day during 2016.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $15.1 million, or 3.8%, during 2016, as compared to 2015. The increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily related to:
$12.9 million of incremental selling, general and administrative expenses related to acquisitions;
a $10.1 million increase in bad debt expense primarily associated with specific reserves established for client receivables;
$3.9 million higher outside services costs as a result of our 2020Vision initiatives; and
a $3.3 million increase in sales tax reserve for certain sales tax audits.
The increase was partially offset by:
the absence of $4.6 million in severance expense related to the departures of our former CEO and CFO;
a $4.3 million year-over-year decrease inprior year medical and dental expenseself-insurance reserves as a result of actuarial evaluations completed in the three months ended April 30, 2016;
$4.0 million lower compensation and related expenses primarily related to savings from our 2020Vision; and
a $2.4 million decrease in legal fees and settlement costs.fiscal year 2021.
Restructuring and Related Expenses
Restructuring and related costs increasedexpenses decreased by $16.3$7.6 million during 2016,2021, as compared to 2015,2020. We substantially completed the restructuring program by the end of fiscal year 2020.
Amortization of Intangible Assets
Amortization of intangible assets decreased by $3.4 million, or 7.1%, during 2021, as compared to 2020, mainly due to the lower intangible assets balance resulting from the impairment loss recorded in connection with our the second quarter of 2020Vision. and to certain intangible assets being amortized using the sum-of-the-years’-digits method, which results in declining amortization expense over the useful lives of the assets.
Impairment Loss
We recognized a $22.5During 2020, we recorded impairment charges on goodwill related to our Education, Aviation, and U.K. Technical Solutions businesses totaling $163.8 million. Additionally, we recorded impairment charges on customer relationships related to our Aviation and U.K. Technical Solutions businesses totaling $9.0 million. During the second quarter of 2020, these businesses were adversely impacted by the market and business conditions resulting from the Pandemic. During 2021, we did not record any impairment charges to goodwill or intangible assets.
Interest Expense
Interest expense decreased by $16.0 million, impairment lossor 35.9%, during 2016 associated with2021, as compared to 2020, primarily attributable to lower relative interest rates as the Government Services business.result of amending our credit facility in 2021 and lower average outstanding borrowings under our credit facility throughout the year.
Income Taxes from Continuing Operations
During 2021 and 2020, we had effective tax rates of 29.8% and 99.6%, respectively, resulting in a provision for tax of $53.5 million and $53.1 million, respectively. Our income taxeseffective tax rate for 2016 were favorably2021 was also impacted by the following discrete items: a $3.0 million provision for nondeductible transaction costs; a $2.6 million provision for change in tax reserves; a $1.4 million provision for true-ups; and a $1.2 million benefit of $20.8for energy efficiency incentives. Our effective tax rate for 2020 was impacted by the following discrete items: a $5.7 million related to expiring statutes of limitations for an uncertain tax position, $6.7benefit from true-ups; a $2.3 million of WOTC related to new hires in 2016, $5.1 million of WOTC from the retroactive reinstatement of the WOTC for calendar year 2015, $2.2 million of excess tax benefitsprovision related to the vesting of share-based compensation awards,Work Opportunity Tax Credit (“WOTC”); a $2.1 million benefit from
energy efficiency incentives; and $1.2a $1.1 million benefit from change of tax creditsreserves. The effective tax rate for energy efficient government buildings.the year ended October 31, 2020, excluding a nondeductible impairment loss of $163.8 million, was 24.4%.
Loss from Discontinued Operations, NetInterest Rate Swaps
We had a gain of Taxes
Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes was $5.1$4.5 million in 2016, a deterioration of $27.3 million,on interest rate swaps during the year ended October 31, 2021, as compared to income from discontinued operations, neta loss of taxes of $22.2$7.6 million during 2015. We soldthe year ended October 31, 2020, primarily due to underlying changes in the fair value of our Security business in 2015 and recognized a corresponding gain on the sale. The loss in 2016 was associated with costs related to this disposed business.interest rate swaps.
Foreign Currency Translation and Other
During 2016 we recognizedWe had a foreign currency translation gain of $5.3 million during the year ended October 31, 2021, as a component of our comprehensive incomecompared to a foreign currency translation loss of $26.3 million compared with a loss of $2.2$1.8 million during 2015.the year ended October 31, 2020. This change was relateddue to fluctuations in the GBP weakening againstexchange rate between the USD.U.S. Dollar (“USD”) and the British pound sterling (“GBP”). Future gains and losses on foreign currency translation will be dependent upon changes in the relative value of foreign currencies to the USD and the extent of our foreign assets and liabilities.
The Year Ended October 31, 2020 Compared with the Year Ended October 31, 2019
For a comparison of our Results of Operations for the year ended October 31, 2020, to the year ended October 31, 2019, see “Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on December 17, 2020.
Segment Information
Our current reportable segments consist of B&I, T&M, Education, Aviation, and Technical Solutions.
Financial Information for Each Reportable Segment
| | | | Years Ended October 31, | | | | | Years Ended October 31, | | 2021 vs. 2020 |
| ($ in millions) | 2016 | | 2015 | | Increase / (Decrease) | ($ in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 | | Increase / (Decrease) |
| Revenues | | | | | | | Revenues | | | | | | | |
| Business & Industry | $ | 2,949.1 |
| | $ | 2,890.3 |
| | $ | 58.8 |
| | 2.0% | Business & Industry | $ | 3,346.5 | | | $ | 3,157.8 | | | $ | 3,251.4 | | | $ | 188.7 | | | 6.0% |
| Technology & Manufacturing | | Technology & Manufacturing | 987.1 | | | 956.0 | | | 917.0 | | | 31.1 | | | 3.3% |
| Education | | Education | 836.4 | | | 808.8 | | | 847.4 | | | 27.6 | | | 3.4% |
| Aviation | 851.8 |
| | 790.0 |
| | 61.8 |
| | 7.8% | Aviation | 668.8 | | | 680.9 | | | 1,017.3 | | | (12.1) | | | (1.8)% |
| Emerging Industries Group | 801.9 |
| | 777.0 |
| | 24.9 |
| | 3.2% | |
| Technical Solutions | 425.3 |
| | 296.9 |
| | 128.4 |
| | 43.3% | Technical Solutions | 534.0 | | | 506.6 | | | 593.2 | | | 27.4 | | | 5.4% |
| Government Services | 116.7 |
| | 143.7 |
| | (27.0 | ) | | (18.8)% | |
| Elimination of inter-segment revenues | | Elimination of inter-segment revenues | (144.2) | | | (122.4) | | | (127.7) | | | (21.8) | | | (17.8)% |
| | $ | 5,144.7 |
| | $ | 4,897.8 |
| | $ | 246.9 |
| | 5.0% | | $ | 6,228.6 | | | $ | 5,987.6 | | | $ | 6,498.6 | | | $ | 241.0 | | | 4.0% |
| Operating profit (loss) | | | | | | | Operating profit (loss) | | | | | | | | |
| Business & Industry | $ | 135.4 |
| | $ | 145.5 |
| | $ | (10.1 | ) | | (6.9)% | Business & Industry | $ | 337.8 | | | $ | 253.7 | | | $ | 182.3 | | | $ | 84.1 | | | 33.1% |
| Operating profit margin | 4.6 | % | | 5.0 | % | | (44) bps |
| | Operating profit margin | 10.1 | % | | 8.0 | % | | 5.6 | % | | 206 bps | |
| Technology & Manufacturing | | Technology & Manufacturing | 103.8 | | | 84.4 | | | 72.5 | | | 19.4 | | | 22.9% |
| Operating profit margin | | Operating profit margin | 10.5 | % | | 8.8 | % | | 7.9 | % | | 168 bps | |
| Education | | Education | 60.5 | | | (41.1) | | | 39.0 | | | 101.6 | | | NM* |
| Operating margin | | Operating margin | 7.2 | % | | (5.1) | % | | 4.6 | % | | NM* | |
| Aviation | 27.7 |
| | 28.8 |
| | (1.1 | ) | | (3.8)% | Aviation | 32.5 | | | (59.6) | | | 21.1 | | | 92.1 | | | NM* |
| Operating profit margin | 3.3 | % | | 3.7 | % | | (39) bps |
| | |
| Emerging Industries Group | 61.0 |
| | 50.4 |
| | 10.6 |
| | 21.1% | |
| Operating profit margin | 7.6 | % | | 6.5 | % | | 112 bps |
| | |
| Operating margin | | Operating margin | 4.9 | % | | (8.7) | % | | 2.1 | % | | NM* | |
| Technical Solutions | 28.9 |
| | 17.7 |
| | 11.2 |
| | 63.8% | Technical Solutions | 49.8 | | | 9.5 | | | 55.4 | | | 40.3 | | | NM* |
| Operating profit margin | 6.8 | % | | 5.9 | % | | 85 bps |
| | Operating profit margin | 9.3 | % | | 1.9 | % | | 9.3 | % | | 745 bps | |
| Government Services | (23.4 | ) | | 2.9 |
| | (26.3 | ) | | NM* | Government Services | (0.2) | | | (0.1) | | | (0.1) | | | (0.1) | | | NM* |
| Operating profit margin | (20.1 | )% | | 2.0 | % | | NM* |
| | Operating profit margin | NM* | | NM* | | NM* | | NM* | |
| Corporate | (167.2 | ) | | (160.7 | ) | | (6.5 | ) | | (4.1)% | Corporate | (374.6) | | | (146.9) | | | (159.0) | | | (227.7) | | | NM* |
| Adjustment for income from unconsolidated affiliates, net, included in Aviation and Government Services | (6.5 | ) | | (9.0 | ) | | 2.5 |
| | (28.2)% | |
| Adjustment for tax credits for energy efficient government buildings, included in Technical Solutions | (1.2 | ) | | (2.0 | ) | | 0.8 |
| | (38.2)% | |
Adjustment for income from unconsolidated
affiliates, included in Aviation | | Adjustment for income from unconsolidated
affiliates, included in Aviation | (2.1) | | | (2.2) | | | (3.0) | | | 0.1 | | | 3.9% |
Adjustment for tax deductions for energy
efficient government buildings, included in
Technical Solutions | | Adjustment for tax deductions for energy
efficient government buildings, included in
Technical Solutions | (1.2) | | | (2.1) | | | 0.1 | | | 0.9 | | | 44.2% |
| | $ | 54.7 |
| | $ | 73.6 |
| | $ | (18.9 | ) | | (25.6)% | | $ | 206.3 | | | $ | 95.7 | | | $ | 208.3 | | | $ | 110.6 | | | NM* |
*Not meaningful
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Business & Industry | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2016 | | 2015 | | Increase / (Decrease) |
| Revenues | $ | 2,949.1 |
| | $ | 2,890.3 |
| | $ | 58.8 |
| | 2.0% |
| Operating profit | 135.4 |
| | 145.5 |
| | (10.1 | ) | | (6.9)% |
| Operating profit margin | 4.6 | % | | 5.0 | % | | (44) bps |
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Business & Industry | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Business & Industry | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | Increase |
| Revenues | $ | 3,346.5 | | | $ | 3,157.8 | | | $ | 188.7 | | | 6.0% |
| Operating profit | 337.8 | | | 253.7 | | | 84.1 | | | 33.1% |
| Operating profit margin | 10.1 | % | | 8.0 | % | | 206 bps | | |
B&I revenues increased by $58.8$188.7 million, or 2.0%6.0%, during 2016,2021, as compared to 2015.2020. The increase was primarily attributabledriven by a $101.1 million revenue increase due to the expansionAble Acquisition in the fourth quarter of existing janitorial accounts, including additional tag revenue.2021. The remaining increase was due to an increase in work orders (as a result of the Pandemic) and net new business in our U.K. Operations. Management reimbursement revenues for this segment totaled $227.8$185.8 million and $216.6$221.4 million during 20162021 and 2015,2020, respectively.
Operating profit decreasedincreased by $10.1$84.1 million, or 6.9%33.1%, during 2016,2021, as compared to 2015.2020. Operating profit margin decreasedincreased by 44206 bps to 4.6%10.1% in 20162021 from 5.0%8.0% in 2015.2020. The increase in operating profit margin was primarily associated with higher margins on certain accounts in both our U.S. and U.K. businesses and an increase in work orders, which have higher margins. Operating margin was also positively impacted by lower insurance expense related to our self-insurance program and a decrease in bad debt expense as higher reserves were recorded in the prior year, mainly associated with increasing credit risk resulting from the Pandemic.
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| Technology & Manufacturing | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | Increase |
| Revenues | $ | 987.1 | | | $ | 956.0 | | | $ | 31.1 | | | 3.3% |
| Operating profit | 103.8 | | | 84.4 | | | 19.4 | | | 22.9% |
| Operating profit margin | 10.5 | % | | 8.8 | % | | 168 bps | | |
T&M revenues increased by $31.1 million, or 3.3%, during 2021, as compared to 2020. The increase was primarily attributable to net new business and an increase in work orders (primarily as a result of the Pandemic).
Operating profit increased by $19.4 million, or 22.9%, during 2021, as compared to 2020. Operating profit margin increased by 168 bps to 10.5% in 2021 from 8.8% in 2020. The increase in operating profit margin was primarily attributable to a decrease in bad debt expense, as higher insurance expense, lower profit marginsreserves were recorded in the prior year mainly associated with certain leased location arrangements, one more working day during 2016,increasing credit risk resulting from the Pandemic, and the absence of a gain from a property sale. This decrease was partially offset by savings from our 2020Vision initiatives and the related timing of open positions.higher margins on work orders.
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| Education | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | Increase |
| Revenues | $ | 836.4 | | | $ | 808.8 | | | $ | 27.6 | | | 3.4% |
| Operating profit (loss) | 60.5 | | | (41.1) | | | 101.6 | | | NM* |
| Operating margin | 7.2 | % | | (5.1) | % | | NM* | | |
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| Aviation | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2016 | | 2015 | | Increase / (Decrease) |
| Revenues | $ | 851.8 |
| | $ | 790.0 |
| | $ | 61.8 |
| | 7.8% |
| Operating profit | 27.7 |
| | 28.8 |
| | (1.1 | ) | | (3.8)% |
| Operating profit margin | 3.3 | % | | 3.7 | % | | (39) bps |
| | |
AviationEducation revenues increased by $61.8$27.6 million, or 7.8%3.4%, during 2016,2021, as compared to 2015.2020. The increase was primarily attributable to organic growthan increase in work orders as a result of Pandemic-related demands and recovery in the volume of our business as schools gradually reopened. The increase was partially offset by the loss of certain accounts during the year.
Education had an operating profit of $60.5 million during 2021, as compared to an operating loss of $41.1 million during 2020. Operating margin increased to 7.2% in 2021 from (5.1)% in 2020. The increase in operating profit margin was primarily attributable to the absence of prior year goodwill impairment charges of $99.3 million. Additionally, operating margin was positively impacted by higher margin work orders, a decrease in bad debt expense, driven by net recoveries of certain previously reserved receivables, and lower amortization of intangible assets. The increase in operating margin, excluding the impact of prior year impairment, was mostly offset by the increase in direct labor and related costs as schools reopened.
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| Aviation | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | Increase / (Decrease) |
| Revenues | $ | 668.8 | | | $ | 680.9 | | | $ | (12.1) | | | (1.8)% |
| Operating profit (loss) | 32.5 | | | (59.6) | | | 92.1 | | | NM* |
| Operating margin | 4.9 | % | | (8.7) | % | | NM* | | |
*Not meaningful
Aviation revenues decreased by $12.1 million, or 1.8%, during 2021, as compared to 2020. The decrease was primarily attributable to travel restrictions and a decline in passenger demand resulting from the Pandemic. While demand and revenue improved during the third and fourth quarter of 2021, Pandemic-related volume reductions continued to impact parking, cabinjanitorial, passenger services, transportation, and catering accounts. The decrease was partially offset by Pandemic-related cleaning services and passengernew parking-related services. Management reimbursement revenues for this segment totaled $78.2$54.5 million and $71.7$74.3 million during 20162021 and 2015,2020, respectively.
OperatingAviation had an operating profit decreased by $1.1of $32.5 million or 3.8%, during 2016,2021, as compared to 2015.an operating loss of $59.6 million during 2020. Operating profit margin decreased by 39 bps to 3.3% in 2016 from 3.7% in 2015. The decrease in operating profit margin was primarily attributable to higher insurance expense and a penalty imposed by a regulatory agency. Also negatively impacting operating profit margin was the operations in one region of a large multi-regional contract during the three months ended January 31, 2016. Through corrective steps, we improved the profitability of this contract within the impacted region. This decrease in operating profit margin was partially offset by lower amortization expense of intangible assets.
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| Emerging Industries Group | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2016 | | 2015 | | Increase |
| Revenues | $ | 801.9 |
| | $ | 777.0 |
| | $ | 24.9 |
| | 3.2% |
| Operating profit | 61.0 |
| | 50.4 |
| | 10.6 |
| | 21.1% |
| Operating profit margin | 7.6 | % | | 6.5 | % | | 112 bps |
| | |
Emerging Industries Group revenues increased by $24.9 million, or 3.2%, during 2016, as compared to 2015. The increase was primarily related to net new Education and High Tech business, partially offset by the completion of certain Healthcare contracts.
Operating profit increased by $10.6 million, or 21.1%, during 2016, as compared to 2015. Operating profit margin increased by 112 bps to 7.6% in 20164.9% during 2021, from 6.5% in 2015.(8.7)% during 2020. This increase in operating profit margin was primarily attributable to improvedthe absence of prior year impairment charges of $55.5 million on goodwill and $5.6 million on customer relationships. Additionally, operating margin increased as the result of management of direct labor and related personnel costs during the Pandemic, higher margins on existing HealthcarePandemic-related cleaning services, and a strategic shift toward securing higher margin contracts higher contribution margin from certain High Tech accounts,with airports and savings from our 2020Vision initiatives and the related timing of open positions. This increase was partially offset by higher insurance expense and one more working day during 2016.facilities.
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| Technical Solutions | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | Increase |
| Revenues | $ | 534.0 | | | $ | 506.6 | | | $ | 27.4 | | | 5.4% |
| Operating profit | 49.8 | | | 9.5 | | | 40.3 | | | NM* |
| Operating profit margin | 9.3 | % | | 1.9 | % | | 745 bps | | |
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| Technical Solutions | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2016 | | 2015 | | Increase |
| Revenues | $ | 425.3 |
| | $ | 296.9 |
| | $ | 128.4 |
| | 43.3% |
| Operating profit | 28.9 |
| | 17.7 |
| | 11.2 |
| | 63.8% |
| Operating profit margin | 6.8 | % | | 5.9 | % | | 85 bps |
| | |
Technical Solutions revenues increased by $128.4$27.4 million, or 43.3%5.4%, during 2016,2021, as compared to 2015.2020. The increase was primarily attributable to incremental revenues from acquisitionsan increase in the volume of $97.0 millionour U.S. and a large ESPC project.U.K. businesses due to the easing of Pandemic-related lockdowns, which provided access to facilities that were previously restricted. In addition, the revenue increase was driven by growth in electric vehicle charging station installation sales.
Operating profit increased by $11.2$40.3 million or 63.8% during 2016,2021, as compared to 2015.2020. Operating profit margin increased by 85745 bps to 6.8%9.3% in 20162021 from 5.8%1.9% in 2015.2020. The increase in operating profit margin was primarily attributable to savingsthe absence of a prior year $17.6 million reserve on notes receivable related to a unique, entertainment-related project, mainly associated with increasing credit risk resulting from the Pandemic. The increase was also due to the absence of prior year impairment charges of $9.0 million on goodwill and $3.4 million on customer relationships related to our 2020Vision initiatives.U.K. business.
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| Government Services | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2016 | | 2015 | | Decrease |
| Revenues | $ | 116.7 |
| | $ | 143.7 |
| | $ | (27.0 | ) | | (18.8)% |
| Operating (loss) profit | (23.4 | ) | | 2.9 |
| | (26.3 | ) | | NM* |
| Operating profit margin | (20.1 | )% | | 2.0 | % | | NM* |
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| Corporate | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | Increase |
| Corporate expenses | $ | (374.6) | | | $ | (146.9) | | | $ | (227.7) | | | NM* |
*Not meaningful
Revenues from our Government Services segment decreasedCorporate expenses increased by $27.0$227.7 million or 18.8%, during 2016,2021, as compared to 2015. The decrease was primarily attributable to the completion of certain healthcare projects.
Operating loss was $23.4 million during 2016, a decrease of $26.3 million, as compared to operating profit of $2.9 million during 2015. The decrease in operating profit was primarily attributable to the $22.5 million impairment charge associated with the held-for-sale classification.
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| Corporate | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | 2016 | | 2015 | | Increase |
| Corporate expenses | $ | 167.2 |
| | $ | 160.7 |
| | $ | 6.5 |
| | 4.1% |
Corporate expenses increased by $6.5 million, or 4.1%, during 2016, as compared to 2015.2020. The increase in corporate expenses was primarily related to:
•a $16.9$145.8 million increase in restructuringlegal costs and related costs, netsettlements, primarily attributed to the accrual of a legal settlement for the reversal of share-based compensation expense, in connection with our 2020Vision initiatives;
Bucio case;•a $5.2$43.2 million increase in bad debt expense relatedcertain technology projects and other enterprise initiatives (including ELEVATE), in addition to marketing events;
•a specific reserve established for a client receivable that is the subject of ongoing litigation;
a $3.4$33.4 million increase in compensation and related expenses, primarily driven by corporate and staff labor reductions that occurred in the prior period due to the impact of annual salary increasesPandemic, including wage reductions, employee furloughs, and the absencesuspension of certain benefits such as 401(k) matching. The increase was also due to updated assessments regarding financial performance target achievements in connection with certain performance share awards and cash incentive plans;
•a bonus reversal related to certain incentive plans in the prior year;
a $3.3$21.9 million increase in sales tax reserveacquisition and integration costs attributable to the Able Acquisition; and
•a $9.1 million non-cash impairment charge for previously capitalized internal-use software related to our ERP system implementation as we determined that certain sales tax audits; and
$1.7 million higher outside services costs incurred as a result of our 2020Vision.
components developed will no longer be incorporated into the new ERP system.This increase was partially offset by:
•a $4.7$17.4 million decrease in legal fees and settlement costs;
the absence of $4.6 million in severance expense related to the departures of our former CEO and CFO;
a $4.3 million year-over-year decrease in medical and dentalinsurance expense as athe result of favorable self-insurance reserve adjustments from actuarial evaluations completed in the three months ended April 30, 2016;fiscal year 2021 as compared to 2020; and
$4.1•a $7.6 million in savings from our 2020Vision; and
a $3.0 million year-over-year decrease in self-insurance expenserestructuring and related expenses due to priorthe completion of our restructuring program in fiscal year claims as2020.
The Year Ended October 31, 2020 Compared with the Year Ended October 31, 2019
For a resultcomparison of actuarial evaluations completed in 2016.our Segment Information for the year ended October 31, 2020, to the year ended October 31, 2019, see “Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2020, filed with the SEC on December 17, 2020.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our primary sources of liquidity are operating cash flows and borrowing capacity under our credit facility. We assess our liquidity in terms of our ability to generate cash to fund our short- and long-term cash requirements. As such, we project our anticipated cash requirements as well as cash flows generated from operating activities to meet those needs.
In addition to normal working capital requirements, we anticipate that our short- and long-term cash requirements will include funding legal settlements, insurance claims, dividend payments, capital expenditures, share repurchases, mandatory loan repayments, and integration costs related to the GCA acquisition.systems and technology transformation initiatives under our ELEVATE strategy. We anticipate long-term cash uses willmay also include strategic acquisitionsacquisitions. On a long-term basis, we will continue to rely on our credit facility for any long-term funding not provided by operating cash flows.
We believe that the Pandemic has had, and will likely continue to have, an impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. Since we cannot predict the duration or scope of the Pandemic, we cannot fully anticipate or reasonably estimate all the ways in which the current global health crisis and financial market conditions could adversely impact our business in fiscal 2022 or in the future.
We have taken and continue to take certain steps to preserve liquidity, including: imposing furloughs or reduced hours for certain service employees in markets significantly impacted by business slowdowns and shutdowns; managing our operating expenditures and certain selling, general and administrative expenses; amending our credit facility, as further described under “Credit Facility” below; and suspending share repurchases.repurchases under our share repurchase program. In addition, we continue focusing on collection of customer receivables, monitoring the adequacy of our reserves, and extending vendor payment terms where possible. We also evaluated the business tax provisions of the CARES Act and have deferred remittance of approximately $132 million of payroll tax through December 31, 2020, which the CARES Act requires to be remitted by December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2022, in equal parts.
We believe that our operating cash flows and borrowing capacity under our credit facility are sufficient to fund our cash requirements for the next twelve12 months. In the event that our plans change or our cash requirements are greater than we anticipate, we may need to access the capital markets to finance future cash requirements. However, there can be no assurance that such financing will be available to us should we need it or, if available, that the terms will be satisfactory to us and not dilutive to existing shareholders.
On a long-term basis, we will continue to rely on our credit facility for any long-term funding not provided by operating cash flows. In addition, we anticipate that future cash generated from operations will be augmented by working capital improvements driven by our 2020Vision, such as the management of costs through consolidated procurement.
IFM Assurance Company (“IFM”) is a wholly-owned captive insurance company that we formed in 2015. IFM is part of our enterprise-wide, multi-year insurance strategy that is intended to better position our risk and safety programs and provide us with increased flexibility in the end-to-end management of our insurance programs. IFM began providing coverage to us as of January 1, 2015. We had accelerated cash tax savings related to coverage provided by IFM of approximately $10 million in both 2017 and 2016 and approximately $20 million in 2015. We project accelerated cash tax savings for 2018 to be approximately $10 million.
Credit Facility
On September 1, 2017, we refinanced and replaced our existingthen-existing $800.0 million credit facility with a new senior, secured five-year syndicated credit facility (the “Credit Facility”), consisting of a $900.0 million revolving line of credit and an $800.0 million amortizing term loan, scheduledloan. In accordance with the terms of the Credit Facility, the revolving line of credit was reduced to mature$800.0 million on September 1, 2022.2018.
On May 28, 2020, we amended and restated our Credit Facility (“the First Amendment”) to further enhance our financial flexibility as a precautionary measure in response to uncertainty arising from the Pandemic. The line of credit reducesFirst Amendment modified certain financial covenants, the interest rate, interest margins, and commitment fees applicable to $800.0 million after one year. Borrowingsloans and commitments under the Credit Facility. The First Amendment made certain additional changes to the negative covenants restrictions under the Credit Facility, were usedincluding, subject to finance, in part,certain exceptions: restrictions on our ability to make acquisitions, share repurchases, and other defined restricted payments, depending on our total net leverage ratio.
On June 28, 2021, the cash portionCompany amended and restated the Credit Facility (the “Second Amendment,” and the Credit Facility as amended, the “Amended Credit Facility”), extending the maturity date to June 28, 2026, and increasing the capacity of the purchase price relatedrevolving credit facility from $800.0 million to $1.3 billion and the GCA acquisition, refinancethen-remaining term loan outstanding from $620.0 million to $650.0 million. The Second Amendment also removed the anti-cash hoarding mandatory prepayment requirement as well as other restrictions that limited our ability to make acquisitions, share repurchases, and other defined restricted payments under the First Amendment. Additionally, the Second Amendment modified certain existing indebtedness of ABM,financial covenants, terms, interest rates, interest margins, and pay transaction costs.
At October 31, 2017,commitment fees applicable to loans and commitments under the total outstanding borrowings under ourprior Credit Facility. The Amended Credit Facility inprovides for the formissuance of cash borrowings andup to $350.0 million for standby letters of credit were $1.2 billion and $146.4the issuance of up to $75.0 million respectively.in swingline advances. The obligations under the Amended Credit Facility are secured on a first-priority basis by a lien on
substantially all of our assets and properties, subject to certain exceptions. We may repay amounts borrowed under the Amended Credit Facility at any time without penalty.
Under the Amended Credit Facility, the term loan and U.S.-dollar-denominated borrowings under the revolver bear interest at a rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus a spread based upon our leverage ratio. Euro- and sterling-denominated borrowings under the revolver bear at the interest rate of the Euro Interbank Offered Rate (EURIBOR) and the daily Sterling Overnight Index Average (SONIA) reference rate, respectively, plus a spread that is based upon our leverage ratio. The spread ranges from 1.375% to 2.250% for Eurocurrency loans and 0.375% to 1.250% for base rate loans. At October 31, 2017, we had up2021, the weighted average interest rate on our outstanding borrowings was 1.59%. We also pay a commitment fee, based on our leverage ratio and payable quarterly in arrears, ranging from 0.20% to $350.8 million0.40% on the average daily unused portion of borrowing capacitythe line of credit. For purposes of this calculation, irrevocable standby letters of credit, which are issued primarily in conjunction with our insurance programs, and cash borrowings are included as outstanding under the line of credit.
The Amended Credit Facility however covenant restrictions limited ourcontains certain covenants, including a maximum total net leverage ratio of 5.00 to 1.00, a maximum secured net leverage ratio of 4.00 to 1.00, and a minimum interest coverage ratio of 1.50 to 1.00, as well as other financial and non-financial covenants. In the event of a material acquisition, as defined in the Amended Credit Facility, we may elect to increase the maximum total net leverage ratio to 5.50 to 1.00 for a total of four fiscal quarters and increase the maximum secured net leverage ratio to 4.50 to 1.00 for a total of four fiscal quarters. We did not make this election for the Able Acquisition. Our borrowing capacity to $282.0 million.
Our ability to draw down available capacity under the Credit Facility is subject to, and limited by, compliance with certain financialthe covenants which include a maximum leverage ratio of 4.75 to 1.0 that steps down to 3.50 to 1.0 by July 2020 and a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.50 to 1.0. Other covenants under the Credit Facility include limitations on liens, dispositions, fundamental changes, investments, and certain transactions and payments.described above. At October 31, 2017,2021, we were in compliance with these covenants and expect to be in compliance in the foreseeable future.
During 2021, we made $76.3 million of principal payments under the term loan. At October 31, 2021, the total outstanding borrowings under our Amended Credit Facility in the form of cash borrowings and standby letters of credit were $888.8 million and $167.7 million, respectively. At October 31, 2021, we had up to $875.0 million of borrowing capacity.
On March 5, 2021, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority, the regulator of LIBOR, announced that the USD LIBOR rates will no longer be published after June 30, 2023. While we expect LIBOR to be available in substantially its current form until at least the end of June 30, 2023, it is possible that LIBOR will become unavailable prior to that point, which may impact our Amended Credit Facility and interest rate swaps. Our current credit agreement as well as our International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. agreement provide for any changes away from LIBOR to a successor rate to be based on prevailing or equivalent standards. Additionally, our interest rate swaps mature before June 30, 2023. As such, we do not anticipate a material impact related to the LIBOR transition and will continue to monitor developments related to the LIBOR transition and/or identification of an alternative, market-accepted rate.
Reinvestment of Foreign Earnings
We plan to reinvest our foreign earnings to fund future non-U.S. growth and expansion. As a result,expansion, and we do not anticipate remitting such earnings to the United StatesStates. While U.S. federal tax expense has been recognized as a result of the Tax Cuts and have not provided forJobs Act of 2017, no deferred tax liabilities with respect to federal and state income taxes or foreign withholding taxes that may result if such earnings of our foreign subsidiaries are remitted to the United States.have been recognized. We believe that our cash on hand in the United States, along with our Amended Credit Facility and future domestic cash flows, are sufficient to satisfy our domestic liquidity requirements.
Share Repurchases
Effective December 18, 2019, our Board of Directors replaced our then-existing share repurchase program with a new share repurchase program under which we may repurchase up to $150.0 million of our common stock. We repurchased shares under the 2019 Share Repurchase Program during the second quarter of 2020. However, due to the market and business conditions arising from the Pandemic, we suspended further repurchases of our common stock in March 2020 and did not repurchase any shares of our outstanding common stock during fiscal year 2021. At October 31, 2021, authorization for $144.9 million of repurchases remained under the 2019 Share Repurchase Program.
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| Years Ended October 31, | |
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | 2021 | | 2020 | |
| Total number of shares purchased | — | | | 0.2 | | |
| Average price paid per share | N/A | | $ | 36.16 | | |
| Total cash paid for share repurchases | $ | — | | | $ | 5.1 | | |
Proceeds from Federal Energy Savings Performance Contracts
As part of our Technical Solutions business, we enter into ESPCsenergy savings performance contracts (“ESPC”) with the federal government pursuant to which we agree to develop, design, engineer, and construct a project and guarantee that the project will satisfy agreed-upon performance standards. Proceeds from ESPC projects are generally received in advance of construction through agreements to sell the ESPC receivables to unaffiliated third parties. We use the advances from the third parties under these agreements to finance the projects, which are recorded as cash flows from financing activities. The use of the cash received under these arrangements to pay project costs is classified as operating cash flows.
Effect of Inflation
The rates of inflation experienced in recent years have not had a material impact on our financial statements.Financial Statements. We attempt to recover increased costs by increasing prices for our services to the extent permitted by contracts and competition.
Regulatory Environment and Environmental Compliance
Our operations are subject to various federal, state, and/or local laws, rules, and regulations regulating the discharge of materials into the environment or otherwise relating to the protection of the environment, such as discharge into soil, water,well as laws and air,regulations relating to, among other things, labor, wages, and the generation, handling, storage, transportation,health and disposal of waste and hazardous substances. In addition, from time to time we are involved in environmental matters at certain of our locations or in connection with our operations.safety matters. Historically, the cost of complying with environmentalthese laws, or resolving environmental issues relating to locations or operations in the United States or abroadrules, and regulations has not had a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. We do not believe that the resolution of matters known at this time will be material.
Share Repurchases
On September 2, 2015, our Board of Directors authorized a program to repurchase up to $200.0 million shares of our common stock. Purchases may take place on the open market or otherwise, and all or part of the repurchases may be made pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 plans or in privately negotiated transactions. The timing of repurchases is at our discretion and will depend upon several factors, including market and business conditions, future cash flows, share price, and share availability. Repurchased shares are retired and returned to an authorized but unissued status. The repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice. At October 31, 2017, authorization for $134.1 million of repurchases remained under our share repurchase program. We do not anticipate additional repurchases in the near future.
Repurchase Activity
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| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| Total number of shares purchased | 0.2 |
| | 1.4 |
| | 1.0 |
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| Average price paid per share | $ | 40.07 |
| | $ | 33.48 |
| | $ | 30.72 |
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| Total cash paid for share repurchases | $ | 7.9 |
| | $ | 46.6 |
| | $ | 31.4 |
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Cash Flows
In addition to revenues and operating profit, our management views operating cash flows as a good indicator of financial performance, because strong operating cash flows provide opportunities for growth both organically and through acquisitions. Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations was $101.7 million during 2017. Operating cash flows primarily depend on: revenue levels; the quality and timing of collections of accounts receivable; the timing of payments to suppliers and other vendors; the timing and amount of income tax payments; and the timing and amount of payments on insurance claims and legal settlements.
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| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations | $ | 314.3 | | | $ | 457.4 | | | $ | 262.8 | |
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities of discontinued operations | — | | | 0.1 | | | (0.1) | |
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 314.3 | | | 457.5 | | | 262.7 | |
| | | | | |
| Net cash used in investing activities | (740.0) | | | (27.5) | | | (58.3) | |
| | | | | |
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 92.4 | | | (94.1) | | | (184.8) | |
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| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations | $ | 101.7 |
| | $ | 110.5 |
| | $ | 145.5 |
|
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities of discontinued operations | (96.1 | ) | | (27.0 | ) | | 0.9 |
|
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 5.6 |
| | 83.5 |
| | 146.4 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Net cash used in investing activities of continuing operations | (871.8 | ) | | (131.7 | ) | | (40.5 | ) |
| Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities of discontinued operations | — |
| | (3.1 | ) | | 130.9 |
|
| Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities | (871.8 | ) | | (134.8 | ) | | 90.4 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 874.0 |
| | 52.6 |
| | (216.9 | ) |
Operating Activities of Continuing Operations
Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations decreased by $8.8$143.1 million during 2017,2021, as compared to 2016.2020. The decrease was primarily related to the timing of working capital changes, partially offset by deferred remittance of payroll taxes under the CARES Act.
Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations increased by $194.6 million during 2020, as compared to 2019. The increase was primarily related to the timing of client receivable collections and incomedeferred remittance of approximately $101 million of payroll taxes payable, but wasunder the CARES Act, partially offset by the timing of vendor payments.
Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations decreased by $35.0 million during 2016, as compared to 2015. The decrease was primarily related to the timing of ESPC projects and trade receivable collections, as well as the timing of vendor payments. This decrease was partially offset by the timing of tax payments.
Operating Activities of Discontinued Operations
Net cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations increased by $69.1 million during 2017, as compared to 2016. This increase was primarily attributable to the payment of $120.0 million to settle the Augustus and Karapetyan cases, compared to the $20.0 million in taxes paid related to the sale of the Security business in 2016.
Net cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations increased by $27.9 million during 2016, as compared to 2015. This increase was primarily attributable to $20.0 million in taxes paid related to the sale of the Security business in 2016.
Investing Activities of Continuing Operations
Net cash used in investing activities of continuing operations increased by $740.1 million during 2017, as compared to 2016. The increase was primarily related to a $757.6 million year-over-year increase in cash paid, net of cash acquired, for acquisitions, largely due to the GCA acquisition.
Net cash used in investing activities of continuing operations increased by $91.2 million during 2016, as compared to 2015. The increase was primarily related to a $76.8 million year-over-year increase in cash paid, net of cash acquired, for acquisitions.
Investing Activities of Discontinued Operations
Net cash used in investing activities of discontinued operations decreased by $3.1 million during 2017, as compared to 2016. The decrease was related to the absence of the final working capital adjustment from the sale of the Security business.
Net cash used in investing activities of discontinued operations was $3.1increased by $712.5 million in 2016, a decrease of $134.0 million,during 2021, as compared to net cash provided by investing activities2020. The increase was primarily related to the Able Acquisition during the fourth quarter of discontinued operations of $130.9 million during 2015. We sold our Security business in 2015 and recognized $131.0 million of cash proceeds from the sale. The2021.
Net cash used in 2016investing activities decreased by $30.8 million during 2020, as compared to 2019. The decrease was associated withprimarily related to lower additions to property, plant and equipment in 2020. Additionally, the payment of $3.1 million in settlementimplementation of the final working capital adjustment fromnew ERP system was temporarily suspended during 2020 due to the sale.Pandemic.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities increased by $821.4was $92.4 million during 2017,in 2021, as compared to 2016. The increase was primarily related to higher net borrowings of $812.6 million associated with greater financing activity in the fourth quarter of 2017 to fund the GCA acquisition and $38.7 million in lower common stock repurchases. This increase was offset by $18.7 million of deferred financing costs paid on the new credit facility and $15.8 million of lower proceeds from ESPC projects during 2017.
The change in net cash provided by financing activities was $269.5 million in 2016 when compared to 2015. During 2016, our net cash provided by financing activities of $52.6 million was primarily a result of borrowings from our line of credit to fund two acquisitions made in 2016. During 2015, our net cash used in financing activities of $216.9$94.1 million was a resultin 2020, primarily due to higher net borrowings to partially fund the purchase price of the repayment of borrowings from our line of creditAble Acquisition.
Net cash used in financing activities decreased by $90.7 million during 2020, as compared to 2019, primarily resulting from the cash proceeds from the saledue to lower repayments of our Security business. Also contributing to the changeborrowings in net cash provided by financing activities was a $17.4 million increase in proceeds from ESPC projects, partially offset by higher common stock repurchases of $15.2 million.2020.
Dividends
On December 13, 2017,15, 2021, we announced a quarterly cash dividend of $0.175$0.195 per share on our common stock, payable on February 5, 2018.7, 2022. We declared a quarterly cash dividend on our common stock every quarter during 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, and 2015.2019. We paid total annual dividends of $39.5$51.0 million, $36.9$49.3 million, and $36.0$47.7 million during 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, and 2015,2019, respectively.
Material Cash Requirements from Contractual and Other Obligations
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| (in millions) | Commitments Due By Period |
| Contractual Obligations | Total | | 2018 | | 2019-2020 | | 2021-2022 | | Thereafter |
Borrowings under term loan(1) | $ | 800.0 |
| | $ | 20.0 |
| | $ | 100.0 |
| | $ | 680.0 |
| | $ | — |
|
Borrowings under line of credit(1) | 391.2 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 391.2 |
| | — |
|
Fixed interest related to interest rate swaps(2) | 44.4 |
| | 9.5 |
| | 18.9 |
| | 16.0 |
| | — |
|
Operating leases and other similar commitments(3) | 319.0 |
| | 79.7 |
| | 89.0 |
| | 65.5 |
| | 84.8 |
|
Capital leases(3) | 12.6 |
| | 3.1 |
| | 6.1 |
| | 3.0 |
| | 0.3 |
|
Information technology service agreements(4) | 26.4 |
| | 11.8 |
| | 11.6 |
| | 3.0 |
| | — |
|
Benefit obligations(5) | 31.3 |
| | 7.6 |
| | 5.4 |
| | 4.7 |
| | 13.7 |
|
| Total | $ | 1,624.8 |
| | $ | 131.8 |
| | $ | 231.0 |
| | $ | 1,163.4 |
| | $ | 98.8 |
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(1) Borrowings under
•Debt Obligations and Interest Payments– Outstanding payments on our term loan and line of credit are presented at face value.
(2) Our estimates ofAmended Credit Facility were $888.8 million, with $32.5 million payable within 12 months. Additionally, we had future interest payments are calculated based on our hedged borrowings under our Amended Credit Facility using the fixed rates under our interest rate swap agreements for the applicable notional amounts. See Noteof $5.0 million, which is payable within 12 “Credit Facility,” in the Financial Statements for additional disclosure related to our interest rate swaps. We excludemonths. The interest payments on our remaining borrowings from this table becauseunder the cash outlay for the interest is unknown. The interest payments on the borrowings under theAmended Credit Facility will be determined based upon the average outstanding balance of our borrowings and the prevailing interest rate during that time. See Note 11, “Credit Facility,” in the Financial Statements for further detail of our debt and the timing of expected future principal and interest payments.
(3) Reflects our contractual obligations to make future payments under non-cancelable operating leases, capital lease
•Operating and Finance Leases–We enter into various noncancelable lease agreements and other similar commitments for variousoffice space, parking facilities, warehouses, vehicles, and other equipment.equipment used in the normal course of business. Operating and finance lease obligations were $170.6 million, with $38.9 million payable within 12 months. See Note 5, “Leases,” in the Financial Statements for further detail of our obligations and the timing of expected future payments.
(4) Reflects
•Service Concession Arrangements–As defined under Topic 853, Service Concession Arrangements, our leased location parking arrangements are represented as service concession arrangements. We had contractual obligations to make future payments for these arrangements of $89.9 million, with $24.9 million payable within 12 months.
•Information Technology Service Agreements – Information technology service agreements represent outsourced services and licensing costs pursuant to our information technology agreements. We had contractual payments for these agreements of $79.9 million, with $44.9 million payable within 12 months.
(5) Reflects
•Benefit Obligations– Expected future expected payments relating to our defined benefit, postretirement, and deferred compensation plans.plans were $45.8 million, with $4.5 million payable in 12 months. These amounts are based on expected future service and were calculated using the same assumptions used to measure our benefit obligation at October 31, 2017.2021.
•Litigation Settlements– A litigation settlement of $142.9 million related to the Bucio case is payable in 12 months. See Note 13, “Commitments and Contingencies,” in the Financial Statements for further details.
•CARES Act Tax Obligations – We deferred approximately $132 million of payroll tax provisions under the CARES Act with $66 million payable in 12 months. See Note 16, “Income Taxes,” in the Financial Statements for further details.
In addition, our material cash requirements for other obligations, for which we cannot reasonably estimate future payments, include the following:
•Multiemployer Benefit Plans– In addition to our company sponsored benefit plans, we participate in certain multiemployer pension and other postretirement plans. The cost of these plans is equal to the annual required contributions determined in accordance with the provisions of negotiated collective bargaining arrangements. During 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, and 2015,2019, contributions made to these plans were $316.4$348.8 million, $290.4$335.8 million, and $282.1$345.4 million, respectively; however, our future contributions to the multiemployer plans are dependent upon a number of factors, including the funded status of the plans, the ability of other participating companies to meet ongoing funding obligations, and the level of our ongoing participation in these plans. As the amountAmounts of future contributions that we would be contractually obligated to make pursuant to these plans cannot be reasonably estimated, such amounts have been excluded from the above table.estimated. See Note 13,12, “Employee Benefit Plans,” in the Financial Statements for more information.
•Self-Insurance Obligations – We may make payments for exposures for which we are self-insured, including workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability, property damage, and other insurable risks. At October 31, 2017,2021, our self-insurance reserves, net of recoverables, were $508.3 million. As these obligations do not have scheduled maturities, we are unable to make a reliable estimate of the amount or timing of cash that may be required to settle these matters. See Note 10, “Insurance,” in the Financial Statements for further detail.
•Unrecognized Tax Benefits – At October 31, 2021, our total liability for unrecognized tax benefits was $16.3$12.5 million. The resolution or settlement of these tax positions with the taxing authorities is subject to significant uncertainty, and therefore we are unable to make a reliable estimate of the amount or timing of cash that may be required to settle these matters. In addition, certain of these matters may not require cash settlements due to the exercise of credits and net operating loss carryforwards as well as other offsets, including the indirect benefit from other taxing jurisdictions that may be available.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no off-balance sheet arrangements other than unrecorded standby letters of credit and surety bonds. We use letters of credit and surety bonds in the ordinary course of business to ensure the performance of contractual obligations and to collateralize self-insurance obligations in the event we are unable to meet our claim payment obligations. As we already have reserves on our books for the claims costs, these do not represent additional liabilities. The surety bonds typically remain in force for one to five years and may include optional renewal periods. As of October 31, 2017,2021, these letters of credit and surety bonds totaled $146.4$167.7 million and $486.2$687.3 million, respectively. Included in the total amount of surety bonds is $2.5 million of bonds with an effective date starting after October 31, 2017. Neither of these arrangements has a material current effect, or is reasonably likely to have a material future effect, on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, or capital resources.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles requires our management to make certain estimates that affect the reported amounts. We base our estimates on historical experience, known or expected trends, independent valuations, and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies and estimates for the year ended October 31, 2021. We believe the following critical accounting policies govern the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements.Financial Statements.
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| Description | | Judgments and Uncertainties | | Effect if Actual Results Differ from Assumptions |
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
We estimate the allowance for doubtful accounts based on a variety of factors, including an analysis of the historical rate of credit losses or write-offs, specific client concerns, and known or expected trends.
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The determination of our allowance for doubtful accounts contains uncertainties because it requires our management to make assumptions and apply judgment about future uncollectible accounts.
Actual write-offs and adjustments could differ from the allowance estimates due to unanticipated changes in the business environment as well as factors and risks associated with specific clients.
In addition, adverse developments in negotiations or legal proceedings to obtain payment could result in the actual loss exceeding the estimated allowance.
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We have not made any changes in the accounting methodology used to record our allowance for doubtful accounts during the past three years.
A 10% change in our allowance for doubtful accounts would have affected net income by approximately $1.5 million for 2017.
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Customer Relationships
When we acquire a company, we determine the fair value on the acquisition date of assets acquired and liabilities assumed.
We anticipate that for most acquisitions, we will exercise significant judgment in estimating the fair value of intangible assets.
In a typical acquisition, customer relationships are our most significant definite-lived intangible asset. In valuing these relationships, we engage a third-party valuation expert to fair value these assets using a version of the income approach known as the “excess earnings method.”
This method uses a discounted cash flow approach that is derived from historical information, future revenue and operating profit margins, contributory asset charges, and the selection of an appropriate discount rate.
We consider this approach the most appropriate valuation technique because the inherent value of these assets is their ability to generate current and future income.
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TheFuture revenue growth, future operating performance margin as a percentage of revenues, customer attrition rate, and expected revenue growthdiscount rate applied are twothe significant estimates used to derive the projected revenues and profitability in the excess earnings method to determine the fair value of customer relationships valuation. Both of theserelationships. These estimates are influenced by many factors, including historical financial information, estimated retention rates, and management's expectations for future customer growth as a combined company.
Another estimate that impacts the valuation is the contributory charge for the acquired workforce, which involves management assumptions based on historical experience, including interview time and new hire productivity.
The estimated life is determined by calculating the number of years necessary to obtain 90% of the value of the discounted cash flows of the relationships and is directly tied to the accuracy of the above assumptions. | |
We have not made any changes in the accounting methodology used to determine the fair value of customer relationships during the last three years.
If the subsequent actual results and updated projections of the underlying business activity change compared with the assumptions and projections used to develop the values of the identifiable intangible assets, then we could record material impairment losses.
With other assumptions held constant, a 10% increase in the calculated fair value of the GCAAble customer relationships would increase the annual amortization expense by $4.2$2.8 million in 2018.2022.
See the “Amortization andImpairment“Valuation of Long-Lived Assets” critical accounting policy for information about impairment evaluations.
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| Description | | Judgments and Uncertainties | | Effect if Actual Results Differ from Assumptions |
Amortization and ImpairmentValuation of Long-Lived Assets
Our long-lived assets include property, plant and equipment and amortizable intangible assets.
We estimate the depreciable lives of our long-lived assets. For depreciable fixed assets, these depreciable lives are based on our accounting policy, which is intended to mirror the expected useful life of the asset.
In determining the estimated useful life of amortizable intangible assets, such as customer relationships, we consider historical and projected revenues and related customer attrition rates, as well as historical experience and industry norms as a benchmark.
We evaluate our long-livedfixed assets and amortizable intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. These events and circumstances include, but are not limited to: higher than expected attrition for customer relationships; a current expectation that a long-lived asset will be disposed of significantly before the end of its previously estimated useful life, such as when we classify a business as held for sale; a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which we use a long-lived asset; or a change in itsthe physical condition.condition of a long-lived asset.
When one of these occurs, a recoverability testUndiscounted cash flow analyses are used to determine if impairment exists; if impairment is performed that comparesdetermined to exist, the projected undiscounted cash flows from the use and eventual disposition of an asset or asset group to its carrying amount. If the projected undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount, we calculate an impairment loss. The impairment loss calculation compares the fair value, which is calculated based on projected discounted cash flows, to the carrying value. We record an impairment loss if the carrying value exceeds theestimated fair value.
If we recognize anGoodwill is not amortized but rather tested at least annually for impairment loss,or more often if events or changes in circumstances indicate it is more-likely-than-not that the adjusted carrying amount of the asset becomesmay not be recoverable. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the new cost basis.reporting unit level, which represents an operating segment or a component of an operating segment. Goodwill is tested for impairment by either performing a qualitative evaluation or a quantitative test. The qualitative evaluation is an assessment of factors to determine whether it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. We may elect not to perform the qualitative assessment for some or all of our reporting units and instead perform a quantitative impairment test.
For a depreciable long-lived asset, the new cost basis will be depreciated (amortized) over the remaining estimated useful life of that asset.
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Our impairment evaluations require us to apply judgment in determining whether a triggering event has occurred, including the evaluation of whether it is more likely than notmore- likely-than-not that a long-lived asset will be disposed of significantly before the end of its previously estimated useful life. Incorrect estimation of useful lives may result in inaccurate depreciation and amortization charges over future periods leading, to future impairment.
Our impairment loss calculations contain uncertainties because they require management to make assumptions and to apply judgment to estimate future cash flows and asset fair values, including forecasting useful lives of the assets and selecting the discount rate that reflects the risk inherent in future cash flows.
The determination of fair value for held-for-sale businesses involves significant judgments and assumptions. Development of estimates of fair values in this circumstance is complex and is dependent upon, among other factors, the composition of assets in the disposal group, the comparability of the disposal group to similar market transactions, and negotiations with third-party purchasers. Such factors bear directly on the range of potential fair values and the selection of the best estimates.
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We have not made any changes in the accounting methodology used to evaluate the impairment of long-lived assets during the last three years.
Additionally, we have not made any changes to the estimated useful lives of our long-lived assets during the last three years.
If actual results are not consistent with the estimates and assumptions we used to calculate estimated future cash flows for impairment evaluations, we may be exposed to future impairment losses that could be material or subsequent impairment recoveries, leading to income statement volatility.
During 2016, when we classified our Government Services business as held for sale, we were required to measure that business at the lower of its carrying value or fair value less estimated costs to sell. As a result of significant underperformance relative to expected operating results, we determined the fair value of this business was less than the carrying amount, which resulted in the recognition of a long-lived asset impairment charge of $15.3 million in 2016.
During the second quarter of 2017, we received an offer from a strategic buyer to purchase this business for approximately $35.0 million, which was higher than our estimate of fair value less costs to sell. As a result, we recorded an $11.4 million impairment recovery to adjust the fair value of certain previously impaired assets to the valuation of the assets as implied by the agreed-upon sales price, less estimated costs to sell. We completed the sale for $35.5 million, therefore we did not recognize a material gain on sale.
See the “Impairment of Goodwill” critical accounting policy, below, for details about the Government Services goodwill impairment charge and subsequent recovery.
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Description | | Judgments and Uncertainties | | Effect if Actual Results Differ from Assumptions |
Impairment of Goodwill
We have elected to make the first day of our fourth quarter, August 1st, the annual impairment assessment date for goodwill. However, we could be required to evaluate the recoverability of goodwill more frequently if certain triggering events occur, such as a significant change in the business climate or the classification of a significant portion of our business as held for sale.
We test the carrying value of goodwill for impairment at a “reporting unit” level by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount. If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, an impairment charge will be recorded for the difference between the fair value and carrying value, but it is limited to the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill.
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We estimate the fair value of each reporting unit using a combination of the income approach and the market approach.
The income approach incorporates the use of a discounted cash flow method in which the estimated future cash flows and terminal value are calculated for each reporting unit and then discounted to present value using an appropriate discount rate.
In making these estimates, the weighted average cost of capital is utilized to calculate the present value of future cash flows and terminal value. Many variables go into estimating future cash flows, including our future sales growth and operating results. When estimating our projected revenue growth and future operating results, we consider industry trends, economic data, and our competitive advantage.
The market approach estimates fair value by using market comparables for reasonably similar public companies.
The valuation of our reporting units requires significant judgment in evaluation of recent indicators of market activity and estimated future cash flows, discount rates, and other factors. Our impairment analyses contain inherent uncertainties due to uncontrollable events that could positively or negatively impact the anticipated future economic and operating conditions.
In making these estimates, the weighted-average cost of capital is utilized to calculate the present value of future cash flows and terminal value. Many variables go into estimating future cash flows, including estimates of our future revenue growth and operating results. When estimating our projected revenue growth and future operating results, we consider industry trends, economic data, and our competitive advantage.
The market approach estimates fair value of a reporting unit by using market comparables for reasonably similar public companies. | |
WeDuring the last three years, we have not made any changes in the accounting methodology used to evaluate the impairment of long-lived assets or to estimate the useful lives of our long-lived assets. Additionally, we have not made any changes in the accounting methodology used to evaluate impairment of goodwill during the last three years, other than early adopting Accounting Standards Update 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. In addition, on November 1, 2016, we reorganized our reportable segments and goodwill reporting units to reflect how we now manage our business by industry group.years.
At October 31, 2017,2021, we had $1,864.2 million$2.2 billion of goodwill. Our goodwill is included in the following segments:
$473.31.1 billion — B&I (includes $554.0 million related to the Able Acquisition on September 30, 2021)
$407.2 million — B&IT&M
$124.2459.3 million — Education
$69.9 million — Aviation
$152.8 million — Emerging Industries Group
$180.0162.7 million — Technical Solutions
$933.9 — Newly acquired GCA Services
A goodwill impairment analysis was performed for each of our reporting units on both November 1, 2016 and August 1, 2017.2021. Based on these studies, the implied fair value of each of our reporting units was substantially in excess of its carrying value. Therefore, we concluded there were no indicators of impairment. A 10% decrease in the estimated fair value of any of our reporting units would not have resulted in a different conclusion.
An impairment analysis was performed for our Government Services business when it was classified as held for sale at October 31, 2016, resulting in anDuring the third quarter of 2021, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $6.0totaling $9.1 million based uponin our Corporate segment for previously capitalized internal-use software related to our ERP system implementation. The Company determined that certain components that were previously developed would no longer be integrated into the estimated fairnew ERP system. The impairment charge reduced the carrying value of the business at the time of the assessment. As described in the "Amortization and Impairment of Long-Lived-Assets" critical accounting policy, above, duringto zero for those components.
During the second quarter of 20172020, given the general deterioration in economic and market conditions arising from the Pandemic, we received an offer fromidentified a strategic buyer to purchase this business for an amount in excesstriggering event indicating possible impairment of our original estimategoodwill and intangible assets. For the three goodwill reporting units tested quantitatively, we estimated the fair value using a weighting of fair value less costs to sell. In accordance withvalues derived from an income approach and a market approach. Based on the held-for-sale accounting guidance,evaluation performed, we recorded a full impairment recoverydetermined that goodwill was impaired for each of the aforementioned $6.0three goodwill reporting units evaluated and recognized a non-cash impairment charge totaling $163.8 million ($99.3 million related to Education, $55.5 million related to Aviation, and $9.0 million related to our U.K. Technical Solutions business). We also recognized intangible asset impairment charges of $5.6 million related to Aviation and $3.4 million related to our U.K. Technical Solutions business. We performed our annual goodwill impairment analysis on August 1, 2020, using a qualitative approach since there were no indicators of impairment subsequent to our quantitative analysis performed in 2017.the second quarter of 2020 as discussed above. As a result of the qualitative analysis, we concluded that there were no further impairments.
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| Description | | Judgments and Uncertainties | | Effect if Actual Results Differ from Assumptions |
Insurance Reserves
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We use a combination of insured and self-insurance programs to cover workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability, property damage, and other insurable risks.
Insurance claim liabilities represent our estimate of retained risks without regard to insurance coverage. We retain a substantial portion of the risk related to certain workers’ compensation and medical claims. Liabilities associated with these losses include estimates of both claims filed and IBNR Claims.
With the assistance of third-party actuaries, we periodically review our estimate of ultimate losses for IBNR Claims and adjust our required self-insurance reserves as appropriate. As part of this evaluation, we review the status of existing and new claim reserves as established by our third-party claims administrators.
The third-party claims administrators establish the case reserves based upon known factors related to the type and severity of the claims, demographic factors,data, legislative matters, and case law, as appropriate.
We compare actual trends to expected trends and monitor claims developments.development.
The specific case reserves estimated by the third-party administrators are provided to an actuary who assists us in projecting an actuarial estimate of the overall ultimate losses for our self-insured or high deductible programs, whichprograms. The projection includes the case reserves plus an actuarial estimate of reserves required for additional developments, including IBNR Claims.
We utilize the results of actuarial studies to estimate our insurance rates and insurance reserves for future periods and to adjust reserves, if appropriate, for prior years.
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Our self-insurance liabilities contain uncertainties due to assumptions required and judgment used.
Costs to settle our obligations, including legal and healthcare costs, could fluctuate and cause estimates of our self-insurance liabilities to change.
Incident rates, including frequency and severity, could fluctuate and cause the estimates in our self-insurance liabilities to change.
These estimates are subject to: changes in the regulatory environment; fluctuations in projected exposures, including payroll, revenues, and the number of vehicle units; and the frequency, lag, and severity of claims.
The full extent of certain claims, especially workers’ compensation and general liability claims, may not be fully determined for several years.
In addition, if the reserves related to self-insurance or high deductible programs from acquired businesses are not adequate to cover damages resulting from future accidents or other incidents, we may be exposed to substantial losses arising from future developments of the claims.
claim developments. | |
We have not made any changes in the accounting methodology used to establish our self-insurance liabilities during the past three years.
After analyzing the recent loss development patterns, comparing the loss development patterns against benchmarks, and applying actuarial projection methods to estimate the ultimate losses, we increaseddecreased our total reserves forrelated to prior years known claims as well as our estimate of the loss amounts associated with IBNR Claims forclaims during 2021 by $36.0 million. In 2020, we decreased our total reserves related to prior years claims by $22.0 million, $32.9 million, and $35.9 million during 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively.$30.2 million.
It is possible that actual results could differ from recorded self-insurance liabilities. A 10% change in our projected ultimate losses would have affected net income by approximately $25.1$37.3 million for 2017.2021.
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| Description | | Judgments and Uncertainties | | Effect if Actual Results Differ from Assumptions |
Revenue Recognition
We earn revenue under various types of service contracts. In all forms of service we provide, revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, services have been rendered, the fee is fixed or determinable,Contingencies and collectability is reasonably assured. The various types of service contracts are described below.
Monthly Fixed-Price
These arrangements are contracts in which the client agrees to pay a fixed fee every month over a specified contract term. A variation of a fixed-price arrangement is a square-foot arrangement, under which monthly billings are based on the actual square footage serviced.
Cost-Plus
These arrangements are contracts in which the clients reimburse us for the agreed-upon amount of wages and benefits, payroll taxes, insurance charges, and other expenses associated with the contracted work, plus a profit margin.
Tag Services
Tag work generally consists of supplemental services requested by clients outside of the standard service specification and includes cleanup after tenant moves, construction cleanup, flood cleanup, and snow removal.
Transaction-Price
These are agreements in which the clients are billed for each transaction performed on a monthly basis (e.g., wheelchair passengers served or aircrafts cleaned).
Hourly
These arrangements are contracts in which the client is billed a set hourly rate for each labor hour provided.
Management Reimbursement
Under these parking arrangements, we manage a parking facility for a management fee and pass through the revenue and expenses associated with the facility to the owner. These revenues and expenses are reported in equal amounts as costs reimbursed from our managed locations.
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For our service contracts, the determination of the sales allowance contains uncertainties because it requires our management to make assumptions and apply judgment about the amount and timing of indeterminable billing errors and disputes.
For certain ESPC and fixed-price repair and refurbishment arrangements for which we recognize revenue under the percentage-of-completion method, recognition of profit is dependent upon the accuracy of a variety of estimates, including:
(1) engineering progress;
(2) achievement of milestones;
(3) incentives;
(4) labor productivity; and
(5) cost estimates.
Such estimates are based on various professional judgments made with respect to those factors and are subject to change as each project proceeds and new information becomes available. | |
We have not made any changes in the accounting methodology used to record our sales allowance or to recognize revenue under the percentage-of-completion method during the past three years.
For contracts where the percentage-of-completion method is used to recognize revenue, if actual costs differ from our assumptions, the amount of revenue and the related gross profit recognized will also fluctuate. As revenue earned under these types of contracts represent a small portion of our total revenue, any revisions to our estimated costs would not have a significant impact on our revenue or operating profit.
A 10% change in our sales allowance would have affected net income by approximately $0.5 million for 2017.
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Litigation
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Description | | Judgments and Uncertainties | | Effect if Actual Results Differ from Assumptions |
Revenue Recognition (continued)
Leased Location
Under these parking arrangements, we generally pay to the property owner a fixed amount of rent, plus a percentage of revenues derived from monthly and transient parkers. We retain all revenues and we are responsible for most operating expenses incurred.
Allowance
Under these parking arrangements, we are paid a fixed or hourly fee to provide parking services, and we are responsible for certain operating expenses, as specified in the contract.
ESPC and Fixed-Price Repair and Refurbishment
We recognize revenue under these arrangements using the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, most often based on the cost-to-cost method. Under the percentage-of-completion method, revenues are recognized as the work progresses. The percentage of work completed is determined principally by comparing the actual costs incurred to date with the current estimate of total costs to complete. Estimated losses are recorded when identified.
Franchise
We franchise certain engineering services through individual and area franchises under the Linc Service and TEGG brands, which are part of ABM Technical Solutions.
Initial franchise fees are recognized when
we have performed substantially all initial
services required by the franchise
agreement.
Royalties are recognized in income as
underlying franchisee sales occur.
Other franchise fees charged to
franchisees on a flat rate are recognized
as earned.
Sales Allowance
In connection with our service contracts,
we periodically issue credit memos to our
clients that are recorded as a reduction in
revenues and an increase to the
allowance for billing adjustments. These
credits can result from client vacancy
discounts, job cancellations, property
damage, and other items. We estimate
our potential future losses on these client
receivables based on an analysis of the
historical rate of sales adjustments (credit
memos, net of re-bills) and known or
expected trends.
| | | | |
|
| | | | |
Description | | Judgments and Uncertainties | | Effect if Actual Results Differ from Assumptions |
Income Taxes
Our provision for income taxes is estimated for the tax jurisdictions where we operate. This process involves estimating actual current tax expense together with assessing temporary differences between financial reporting and tax reporting. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of our management, it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
All or a portion of the benefit of income tax positions is recognized only when we have made a determination that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination, based upon the technical merits of the position and other factors. For tax positions that are determined as more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, the tax benefit recognized is the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement.
| |
Significant judgment is required in evaluating our tax positions and determining our provision for income taxes. During the ordinary course of business, there are many transactions and calculations for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain. For example, our effective tax rates could be adversely affected by earnings being lower than anticipated in jurisdictions where we have lower statutory rates and higher than anticipated in jurisdictions where we have higher statutory rates, by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities, or by changes in the relevant tax, accounting, and other laws, regulations, principles, and interpretations.
Unrecognized tax benefits require significant management judgment regarding applicable statutes and their related interpretation as they apply to our particular facts and circumstances.
| |
Although we believe that our income tax related judgments and estimates are reasonable, it is possible that our actual results could be different than what we expected, and we may be exposed to a material change in our total income tax expense, tax-related balances, or valuation allowances.
Upon income tax audit, any unfavorable tax settlement may require use of our cash and result in an increase in our effective tax rate in the period of settlement. A favorable tax settlement could be recognized as a reduction in our effective tax rate in the period of settlement.
|
Contingencies and Litigation
We are a party to a number of lawsuits, claims, and proceedings incident to the operation of our business, including those pertaining to labor and employment, contracts, personal injury, and other matters, some of which allege substantial monetary damages. Some of these actions may be brought as class actions on behalf of a class or purported class of employees.
We accrue for loss contingencies when losses become probable and are reasonably estimable. If the reasonable estimate of the loss is a range and no amount within the range is a better estimate, the minimum amount of the range is recorded as a liability.
We do not accrue for contingent losses that, in our judgment, are considered to be reasonably possible but not probable. | |
Litigation outcomes are difficult to predict and are often resolved over long periods of time.
Estimating probable and reasonably possible losses requires the analysis of multiple possible outcomes that often depend on judgments about potential actions by third parties, such as future changes in facts and circumstances, differing interpretations of the law, assessments of the amount of damages, and other factors beyond our control. There is the potential for a material adverse effect on our financial statementsFinancial Statements if one or more matters are resolved in a particular period in an amount materially in excess of what we anticipated.
In addition, in some cases, although a loss is probable or reasonably possible, we cannot reasonably estimate the maximum potential losses for probable matters or the range of losses for reasonably possible matters. Therefore, our accrual for probable losses and our estimated range of loss for reasonably possible losses do not represent our maximum possible exposure.
| |
We have not made any changes in the accounting methodology used to establish our loss contingencies during the past three years.
Our management currently estimates the range of loss for all reasonably possible losses for which a reasonable estimate of the loss can be made is between zero and $3$6 million. Factors underlying this estimated range of loss may change from time to time, and actual results may vary significantly from this estimate. |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Accounting Standard Updates | | DescriptionTopic | | Summary | | Effective Date/
Method of Adoption | | Effect on the Financial Statements |
In August 2017, the Financial2021-01
| | Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Scope | | This Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting StandardsStandard Update (“ASU”) 2017-12, Derivatives, issued in January 2021, clarifies that derivatives affected by the discounting transition are explicitly eligible for certain optional expedients and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities. | | This ASU better aligns accounting rules with a company’s risk management activities; better reflects economic results of hedging in financial statements; and simplifies hedge accounting treatment. | | November 1, 2019
| | Weexceptions under Topic 848.
While we are currently evaluating the impact of implementing this ASUguidance on our consolidated financial statements.
statements, we do not expect adoption to have a material impact. | | This update was effective upon issuance and can be applied to hedging relationships retrospectively or prospectively through December 31, 2022. |
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-10, Service Concession Arrangements2020-04
| | Reference Rate Reform (Topic 853)848): Determining the CustomerFacilitation of the Operation Services.Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting | | This ASU, issued in March 2020, provides clarity on determiningoptional expedients to assist with the customer indiscontinuance of LIBOR. The expedients allow companies to ease the potential accounting burden when modifying contracts and hedging relationships that use LIBOR as a service concession arrangement.
| | November 1, 2018
We will adopt this standard in conjunction with ASU 2014-09, as described below. | | Wereference rate, if certain criteria are met.
While we are currently evaluating the impact of implementing this ASUguidance on our consolidated financial statements, we do not expect adoption to have a material impact. | | This update was effective upon issuance and will continue to evaluate it together with the implementation of ASU 2014-09. |
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation— Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting.
| | This ASU clarifies which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. | | November 1, 2018
Adoption of this standard willcan be applied prospectively to awards modified oncontract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or afterevaluated through December 31, 2022. |
| 2020-01 | | Investments—Equity Securities (Topic 321), Investments—Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Clarifying the adoption date.Interactions between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815 | | This ASU, issued in January 2020, clarifies the interaction between Topic 321, Topic 323, and Topic 815. The new guidance, among other things, states that a company should consider observable transactions that require it to either apply or discontinue the equity method of accounting for the purposes of applying the fair value measurement alternative immediately before applying or upon discontinuing the equity method.
While we are currently evaluating the impact of implementing this new standard will dependguidance on the extent and nature of future changes to the terms of our share-based payment awards. Historically,financial statements, we have not had significant changes to our share-based payment awards and therefore do not expect adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.impact. | | November 1, 2021
This update will be applied prospectively. |
In March 2017,2019-12
| | Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the FASBAccounting for Income Taxes | | This ASU, issued ASU 2017-07, Compensation—
Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improvingin December 2019, removes certain exceptions related to the Presentationapproach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period, and the recognition of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. | | To align with the presentation of compensation costs arising from services rendered by employees, this ASU requires classification of the service cost component of pension expense as an operating expense. The other components of pension expense, such as interest cost, amortization of prior service cost, and gains or losses, are required to be presenteddeferred tax liabilities for outside of operating expenses.basis differences. This ASU also allows the service cost component to be eligible for capitalization, when applicable. | | November 1, 2018
Adoption of this standard will be applied retrospectively for the classification requirements and prospectively for the capitalizationamends other aspects of the service cost component requirement. | | As ABM’s defined benefitguidance to help simplify and postretirement benefit plans were previously amended to preclude new participants, the adoptionpromote consistent application of this guidance will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. |
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842).
| | This ASU improves transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring lessees to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and to disclose key information about leasing arrangements. | | November 1, 2019
When transitioning to the new standard, we are required to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. | | Topic 740.
We are currently evaluating the impact of implementing this guidance on our consolidated financial statements. |
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).
| | This ASUintroduces a new principles-based framework for revenue recognition and disclosure. The core principle of the standard is when an entity transfers goods or services to customers it will recognize revenue in an amount that reflects the consideration the entity expects to be entitled to for those goods or services.
| | November 1, 2018
This standard will be applied as a full retrospective2021
The amendments have differing adoption to all periods presented methods, including retrospectively, prospectively, and/or on a modified retrospective adoption approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the year of adoption.
| | We have begun our process for implementing this guidance, including a preliminary review of all revenue streams to identify changes from our current method of revenue recognition. We are continuing to evaluate the impact of this ASU on our consolidated financial statements.basis. |
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
We have market risk exposure related to interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. Market risk is measured as the potential negative impact on earnings, cash flows, or fair values resulting from a hypothetical change in interest rates or foreign currency exchange rates.
Interest Rate Risk
We are primarily exposed to interest rate risk through our variable rate borrowings under our Amended Credit Facility.Facility, as further described in Note 11, “Credit Facility,” in the Financial Statements. Under the Amended Credit Facility, the term loan and U.S.-dollar-denominated borrowings under the revolver bear interest at a rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus a spread. Euro- and sterling-denominated borrowings under the revolver bear at rate equal to the EURIBOR and SONIA reference rates, respectively, plus a spread. At October 31, 2017,2021, we had total outstanding borrowings of $1.2 billion.$888.8 million. To limit exposure to upward movements in interest rates associated with our floating-rate, LIBOR-based borrowings, we entered into interest rate swap agreements to fix the interest rates on a substantial portion of our outstanding borrowings. At October 31, 2017,2021, we had interest rate swaps with an underlying notional amount of $105.0 million and a fixed interest rate of 1.05%. In connection with our new Credit Facility, we entered into three additional forward-starting interest rate swap agreements that became effective in November 2017 with an underlying aggregate notional amount of $500.0$260.0 million and fixed interest rates of 1.65%2.84% and 1.69%2.86%.
Based on our average borrowings, interest rates, and interest rate swaps in effect at October 31, 2017, as well as the new swaps effective in November 2017,2021, a 100 basis point increase in LIBOR, EURIBOR, and SONIA would decrease our future earnings and cash flows by $6.5$7.1 million. For 2016,2020, our market risk exposure related to interest rate fluctuations was $1.3$2.5 million. As actual interest rate movements over time are uncertain, our interest rate swaps pose potential interest rate risks if interest rates decrease. As of October 31, 2017,2021, the fair value of our interest rate swap agreements was an asseta liability of $2.9$4.6 million.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
We are primarily exposed to the impact of foreign exchange rate risk through our U.K. operations where the functional currency is the GBP. As we intend to remain permanently invested in these foreign operations, we do not utilize hedging instruments to mitigate foreign currency exchange risks. If we change our intent with respect to such international investment, we would expect to implement strategies designed to manage those risks in an effort to mitigate the effect of foreign currency fluctuations on our earnings and cash flows.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors and Stockholders
ABM Industries Incorporated:
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of ABM Industries Incorporated and subsidiaries (“the Company”)(the Company) as of October 31, 20172021 and 2016, and2020, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-yearthree‑year period ended October 31, 2017.2021, and the related notes and financial statement schedule II (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In connection with our audits ofopinion, the consolidated financial statements wepresent fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of October 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three‑year period ended October 31, 2021, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the related financial statement Schedule II. We also have auditedstandards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2017,2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, (COSO). and our report dated December 22, 2021 expressedan unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Fair value of customer relationship intangible asset from the acquisition of Able
As discussed in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements, on September 30, 2021, the Company completed its acquisition of Crown Building Maintenance Co. and Crown Energy Services, Inc. (collectively,
Able) for $741.7 million. As a result of the transaction, the Company acquired a customer relationship intangible asset representing future estimated income from Able’s existing customers. The acquisition-date preliminary fair value determined for the customer relationship intangible asset was $220.0 million.
We identified the evaluation of the fair value of the customer relationship intangible asset from the acquisition of Able as a critical audit matter as a high degree of subjectivity was required to evaluate certain inputs in the discounted cash flow model used to determine the fair value of the asset. Such inputs included expected future revenue growth, future operating performance margins, customer attrition rate, and discount rate applied. Changes in these inputs could have a significant impact on the fair value of the customer relationship intangible asset.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the Company’s acquisition-date valuation process, including controls over the development of the above listed inputs used to value the customer relationship intangible asset. We evaluated the future revenue growth and future operating performance margins by comparing these inputs to the historical performance of peer companies and to the pre-acquisition historical performance of both the Company and Able. We involved valuation professionals with specialized skills and knowledge who assisted in:
•evaluating the estimated annual attrition rate by comparing the selected attrition rate against historical customer attrition of Able
•evaluating the Company’s discount rate by comparing the rate against a discount rate range that was independently developed
•developing a fair value estimate of the customer relationship intangible asset using the Company’s cash flow projections and independently developed range of discount rates and comparing it to the Company’s estimate.
Valuation of self-insurance liabilities
As discussed in Notes 2 and 10 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company uses a combination of insured and self-insurance programs to cover workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability, property damage, and other insurable risks. The balance of casualty program insurance reserves, net of recoverables, as of October 31, 2021 amounted to $508.3 million. The Company engages actuaries to estimate its self-insurance liabilities at least annually.
We identified the assessment of the valuation of self-insurance liabilities, other than those assumed in the acquisition of Able, as a critical audit matter. A high degree of judgment and actuarial expertise was required to assess: (1) the actuarial models used and (2) the estimated incurred but not reported claims based on application of loss development factors to historical claims experience.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls over the Company’s self-insurance liability process, including controls related to (1) evaluation of claims information sent to the actuary, (2) estimation of incurred but not reported claims based on the application of loss development factors to historical claims experience, and (3) evaluation of the actuarial report and the external actuarial specialist’s qualifications and competency. We evaluated the Company’s historical ability to estimate self-insurance liabilities by comparing the prior year recorded amounts to the subsequent claim development. We tested a sample of the claims data utilized by the Company’s actuaries by comparing it to underlying claims details; and involved an actuarial professional with specialized skills and knowledge who assisted in the:
•assessment of the actuarial models used by the Company for consistency with generally accepted actuarial standards and
•development of an actuarial estimate of self-insurance liabilities based on the Company’s underlying historical paid and incurred loss data for comparison with the liabilities recorded by the Company.
/s/ KPMG LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1980.
New York, New York
December 22, 2021
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
ABM Industries Incorporated:
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited ABM Industries Incorporated and subsidiaries’ (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2021, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of October 31, 2021 and 2020, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive income, (loss), stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three‑year period ended October 31, 2021, and the related notes and financial statement schedule II (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated December 22, 2021 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
The Company acquired Crown Building Maintenance Co. and Crown Energy Services, Inc. (collectively, “Able”) on September 30, 2021, and management excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2021, Able’s internal control over financial reporting. Able represented approximately 4.4% of the Company’s total consolidated assets (excluding goodwill and intangibles, which are included in the scope of the assessment) and 1.6% of total consolidated revenues as of and for the year ended October 31, 2021. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of Able.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements, and financial statement schedule and an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our auditsaudit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the auditsaudit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our auditsaudit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provideaudit provides a reasonable basis for our opinions.opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made
only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of ABM Industries Incorporated and subsidiaries as of October 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended October 31, 2017, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, the related financial statement Schedule II, when considered in relation to the consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein. Also in our opinion, ABM Industries Incorporated and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
The Company acquired Mechanical Solutions, Inc. (“MSI”) on December 1, 2016, OFJ Connections Ltd (“OFJ”) on December 1, 2016, and GCA Holding Corp., the indirect parent company of GCA Services Group (“GCA”) on September 1, 2017. Management excluded these three businesses from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2017. MSI, OFJ, and GCA represented approximately 5% of the Company’s total consolidated assets (excluding goodwill and intangibles which are included within the scope of the assessment) and 4% of total consolidated revenues, as of and for the year ended October 31, 2017. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of ABM Industries Incorporated and subsidiaries also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of MSI, OFJ, and GCA.
/s/ KPMG LLP
New York, New York
December 22, 20172021
ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS | | | | October 31, | | October 31, |
| (in millions, except share and per share amounts) | 2017 | | 2016 | (in millions, except share and per share amounts) | 2021 | | 2020 |
| ASSETS | | | | ASSETS | | | |
| Current assets | | | | Current assets | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 62.8 |
| | $ | 53.5 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 62.8 | | | $ | 394.2 | |
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowances of $25.5 and
$15.9 at October 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively | 1,038.1 |
| | 803.7 |
| |
Trade accounts receivable, net of allowances of $32.7 and $35.5 at October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively | | Trade accounts receivable, net of allowances of $32.7 and $35.5 at October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively | 1,137.1 | | | 854.2 | |
| Costs incurred in excess of amounts billed | | Costs incurred in excess of amounts billed | 52.5 | | | 52.2 | |
| Prepaid expenses | 101.8 |
| | 68.0 |
| Prepaid expenses | 88.7 | | | 85.4 | |
| Other current assets | 32.8 |
| | 30.0 |
| Other current assets | 60.0 | | | 55.9 | |
| Assets held for sale | — |
| | 36.1 |
| |
| Total current assets | 1,235.5 |
| | 991.3 |
| Total current assets | 1,401.2 | | | 1,441.9 | |
| Other investments | 17.6 |
| | 17.4 |
| Other investments | 11.8 | | | 11.1 | |
| Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $136.4 and $163.4 at October 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively | 143.1 |
| | 81.8 |
| |
| Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $189.1 and $157.0 at October 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively | 430.1 |
| | 103.8 |
| |
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $274.7 and $241.3 at October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively | | Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $274.7 and $241.3 at October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively | 111.9 | | | 133.7 | |
| Right-of-use assets | | Right-of-use assets | 126.5 | | | 143.1 | |
| Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $389.3 and $343.8 at October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively | | Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $389.3 and $343.8 at October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively | 424.8 | | | 239.7 | |
| Goodwill | 1,864.2 |
| | 912.8 |
| Goodwill | 2,228.9 | | | 1,671.4 | |
| Deferred income taxes, net | — |
| | 37.4 |
| |
| | Other noncurrent assets | 122.1 |
| | 134.3 |
| Other noncurrent assets | 131.2 | | | 136.1 | |
| Total assets | $ | 3,812.6 |
| | $ | 2,278.8 |
| Total assets | $ | 4,436.2 | | | $ | 3,776.9 | |
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | |
| Current liabilities | | | | Current liabilities | |
| Current portion of long-term debt, net | $ | 16.9 |
| | $ | — |
| Current portion of long-term debt, net | $ | 31.4 | | | $ | 116.7 | |
| Trade accounts payable | 230.8 |
| | 174.3 |
| Trade accounts payable | 289.4 | | | 273.3 | |
| Accrued compensation | 159.9 |
| | 130.7 |
| Accrued compensation | 238.0 | | | 187.6 | |
| Accrued taxes—other than income | 52.5 |
| | 40.6 |
| Accrued taxes—other than income | 124.9 | | | 45.5 | |
| Insurance claims | 112.5 |
| | 92.2 |
| Insurance claims | 171.4 | | | 155.2 | |
| Income taxes payable | 13.4 |
| | 6.3 |
| Income taxes payable | 11.4 | | | 6.2 | |
| Current portion of lease liabilities | | Current portion of lease liabilities | 31.8 | | | 35.0 | |
| Other accrued liabilities | 171.8 |
| | 135.9 |
| Other accrued liabilities | 387.4 | | | 167.3 | |
| Liabilities held for sale | — |
| | 16.8 |
| |
| Total current liabilities | 757.8 |
| | 596.8 |
| Total current liabilities | 1,285.8 | | | 986.9 | |
| Long-term debt, net | 1,161.3 |
| | 268.3 |
| Long-term debt, net | 852.8 | | | 603.0 | |
| Long-term lease liabilities | | Long-term lease liabilities | 116.6 | | | 131.4 | |
| Deferred income tax liability, net | 57.3 |
| | 3.5 |
| Deferred income tax liability, net | 22.5 | | | 10.8 | |
| Noncurrent insurance claims | 382.9 |
| | 331.6 |
| Noncurrent insurance claims | 413.3 | | | 366.3 | |
| Other noncurrent liabilities | 61.3 |
| | 71.2 |
| Other noncurrent liabilities | 123.5 | | | 168.1 | |
| Noncurrent income taxes payable | 16.3 |
| | 33.4 |
| Noncurrent income taxes payable | 12.5 | | | 10.1 | |
| Total liabilities | 2,436.9 |
| | 1,304.8 |
| Total liabilities | 2,827.0 | | | 2,276.6 | |
| Commitments and contingencies |
|
| |
|
| Commitments and contingencies | 0 | | 0 |
| Stockholders’ Equity | | | | Stockholders’ Equity | |
| Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 500,000 shares authorized; none issued | — |
| | — |
| Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 500,000 shares authorized; none issued | — | | | — | |
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized;
65,502,568 and 55,599,322 shares issued and outstanding at October 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively | 0.7 |
| | 0.6 |
| |
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 67,302,449 and 66,748,157 shares issued and outstanding at October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively | | Common stock, $0.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 67,302,449 and 66,748,157 shares issued and outstanding at October 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively | 0.7 | | | 0.7 | |
| Additional paid-in capital | 675.2 |
| | 248.6 |
| Additional paid-in capital | 750.9 | | | 724.1 | |
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes | (20.3 | ) | | (31.6 | ) | Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes | (22.5) | | | (30.8) | |
| Retained earnings | 720.1 |
| | 756.4 |
| Retained earnings | 880.2 | | | 806.4 | |
| Total stockholders’ equity | 1,375.7 |
| | 974.0 |
| Total stockholders’ equity | 1,609.2 | | | 1,500.3 | |
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 3,812.6 |
| | $ | 2,278.8 |
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 4,436.2 | | | $ | 3,776.9 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
| | | | Years Ended October 31, | | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 | (in millions, except per share amounts) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Revenues | $ | 5,453.6 |
| | $ | 5,144.7 |
| | $ | 4,897.8 |
| Revenues | $ | 6,228.6 | | | $ | 5,987.6 | | | $ | 6,498.6 | |
| Operating expenses | 4,881.2 |
| | 4,603.4 |
| | 4,392.3 |
| Operating expenses | 5,258.2 | | | 5,157.0 | | | 5,767.5 | |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 436.6 |
| | 410.1 |
| | 395.0 |
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 719.2 | | | 506.1 | | | 452.9 | |
| Restructuring and related expenses | 20.9 |
| | 29.0 |
| | 12.7 |
| Restructuring and related expenses | — | | | 7.6 | | | 11.2 | |
| Amortization of intangible assets | 31.6 |
| | 25.0 |
| | 24.2 |
| Amortization of intangible assets | 45.0 | | | 48.4 | | | 58.5 | |
| Impairment (recovery) loss | (18.5 | ) | | 22.5 |
| | — |
| |
| Impairment loss of goodwill and other intangibles | | Impairment loss of goodwill and other intangibles | — | | | 172.8 | | | — | |
| Operating profit | 101.9 |
| | 54.7 |
| | 73.6 |
| Operating profit | 206.3 | | | 95.7 | | | 208.3 | |
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates, net | 4.2 |
| | 7.6 |
| | 9.0 |
| |
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | | Income from unconsolidated affiliates | 2.1 | | | 2.2 | | | 3.0 | |
| Interest expense | (19.2 | ) | | (10.4 | ) | | (10.2 | ) | Interest expense | (28.6) | | | (44.6) | | | (51.1) | |
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 86.9 |
| | 51.9 |
| | 72.4 |
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 179.8 | | | 53.3 | | | 160.2 | |
| Income tax (provision) benefit | (8.8 | ) | | 10.4 |
| | (18.3 | ) | |
| Income tax provision | | Income tax provision | (53.5) | | | (53.1) | | | (32.7) | |
| Income from continuing operations | 78.1 |
| | 62.3 |
| | 54.1 |
| Income from continuing operations | 126.3 | | | 0.2 | | | 127.5 | |
| (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of taxes | (74.3 | ) | | (5.1 | ) | | 22.2 |
| |
| Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes | | Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes | — | | | 0.1 | | | (0.1) | |
| Net income | 3.8 |
| | 57.2 |
| | 76.3 |
| Net income | 126.3 | | | 0.3 | | | 127.4 | |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | | | | | | Other comprehensive income (loss) | | | | | |
| Foreign currency translation | 9.7 |
| | (26.3 | ) | | (2.2 | ) | |
| Other, net of taxes | 1.6 |
| | (0.2 | ) | | (0.1 | ) | |
| Comprehensive income | $ | 15.2 |
| | $ | 30.7 |
| | $ | 74.0 |
| |
| Interest rate swaps | | Interest rate swaps | 4.5 | | | (7.6) | | | (22.4) | |
| Foreign currency translation and other | | Foreign currency translation and other | 5.3 | | | (1.8) | | | 1.6 | |
| Income tax (provision) benefit | | Income tax (provision) benefit | (1.5) | | | 2.4 | | | 5.9 | |
| Comprehensive income (loss) | | Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 134.5 | | | $ | (6.6) | | | $ | 112.5 | |
Net income per common share — Basic | | | | | | Net income per common share — Basic | | | | | |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 1.35 |
| | $ | 1.11 |
| | $ | 0.95 |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 1.87 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | 1.92 | |
| (Loss) income from discontinued operations | (1.29 | ) | | (0.09 | ) | | 0.40 |
| |
| Income from discontinued operations | | Income from discontinued operations | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Net income | $ | 0.07 |
| | $ | 1.02 |
| | $ | 1.35 |
| Net income | $ | 1.87 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | 1.91 | |
Net income per common share — Diluted | | | | | | Net income per common share — Diluted | | | | | |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 1.34 |
| | $ | 1.09 |
| | $ | 0.94 |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 1.86 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | 1.91 | |
| (Loss) income from discontinued operations | (1.27 | ) | | (0.09 | ) | | 0.39 |
| |
| Income from discontinued operations | | Income from discontinued operations | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Net income | $ | 0.07 |
| | $ | 1.01 |
| | $ | 1.33 |
| Net income | $ | 1.86 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | 1.90 | |
Weighted-average common and common
equivalent shares outstanding | | | | | | Weighted-average common and common
equivalent shares outstanding | | | | | |
| Basic | 57.7 |
| | 56.3 |
| | 56.7 |
| Basic | 67.4 | | | 66.9 | | | 66.6 | |
| Diluted | 58.3 |
| | 56.9 |
| | 57.4 |
| Diluted | 68.0 | | | 67.3 | | | 66.9 | |
| Dividends declared per common share | $ | 0.680 |
| | $ | 0.660 |
| | $ | 0.640 |
| |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Years Ended October 31, |
| | | Years Ended October 31, | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| | | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 | |
| (in millions) | | Shares | | Amount | | Shares | | Amount | | Shares | | Amount | |
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | | (in millions, except per share amounts) | | Shares | | Amount | | Shares | | Amount | | Shares | | Amount |
| Common Stock | | | | | | | | | | | | Common Stock | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Balance, beginning of year | | 55.6 |
| | $ | 0.6 |
| | 56.1 |
| | $ | 0.6 |
| | 55.7 |
| | $ | 0.6 |
| Balance, beginning of year | | 66.7 | | | $ | 0.7 | | | 66.6 | | | $ | 0.7 | | | 66.0 | | | $ | 0.7 | |
| Stock issued in GCA Services acquisition, net of shares withheld for taxes | | 9.4 |
| | 0.1 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| |
| Stock issued under employee stock purchase and share-based compensation plans | | 0.7 |
| | — |
| | 0.9 |
| | — |
| | 1.4 |
| | — |
| Stock issued under employee stock purchase and share-based
compensation plans | | 0.6 | | | — | | | 0.3 | | | — | | | 0.6 | | | — | |
| Repurchase of common stock | | (0.2 | ) | | — |
| | (1.4 | ) | | — |
| | (1.0 | ) | | — |
| Repurchase of common stock | | — | | | — | | | (0.2) | | | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Balance, end of year | | 65.5 |
| | 0.7 |
| | 55.6 |
| | 0.6 |
| | 56.1 |
| | 0.6 |
| Balance, end of year | | 67.3 | | | 0.7 | | | 66.7 | | | 0.7 | | | 66.6 | | | 0.7 | |
| Additional Paid-in Capital | | | | | | | | | | | | Additional Paid-in Capital | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Balance, beginning of year | | | | 248.6 |
| | | | 275.5 |
| | | 274.1 |
| Balance, beginning of year | | 724.1 | | | 708.9 | | | 691.8 | |
| Stock issued in GCA Services acquisition, net of shares withheld for taxes | | | | 421.2 |
| | | | — |
| | | — |
| — |
| |
| (Taxes withheld) stock issued under employee stock purchase and share-based compensation plans (including incremental tax benefit for 2015), net | | | | (0.1 | ) | | | | 5.7 |
| | | 18.3 |
| |
| Taxes withheld under employee stock purchase and share-based compensation plans, net | | Taxes withheld under employee stock purchase and share-based compensation plans, net | | (6.7) | | | — | | | (0.3) | |
| Share-based compensation expense | | | | 13.3 |
| | | | 14.0 |
| | | 14.5 |
| Share-based compensation expense | | 33.5 | | | 20.3 | | | 17.5 | |
| Repurchase of common stock | | | | (7.9 | ) | | | | (46.6 | ) | | | (31.4 | ) | Repurchase of common stock | | — | | | (5.1) | | | — | |
| Balance, end of year | | | | 675.2 |
| | | | 248.6 |
| | | 275.5 |
| Balance, end of year | | 750.9 | | | 724.1 | | | 708.9 | |
| Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Taxes | | | | | | | | | | | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Taxes | | | | | | |
| Balance, beginning of year | | | | (31.6 | ) | | | | (5.1 | ) | | | (2.8 | ) | Balance, beginning of year | | (30.8) | | | (23.9) | | | (9.0) | |
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | | | | 11.3 |
| | | | (26.5 | ) | | | (2.3 | ) | Other comprehensive income (loss) | | 8.2 | | | (6.9) | | | (14.9) | |
| Balance, end of year | | | | (20.3 | ) | | | | (31.6 | ) | | | (5.1 | ) | Balance, end of year | | (22.5) | | | (30.8) | | | (23.9) | |
| Retained Earnings | | | | | | | | | | | | Retained Earnings | | | | | | |
| Balance, beginning of year | | | | 756.4 |
| | | | 736.5 |
| | | 696.9 |
| Balance, beginning of year | | 806.4 | | | 856.3 | | | 771.2 | |
| Net income | | | | 3.8 |
| | | | 57.2 |
| | | 76.3 |
| Net income | | 126.3 | | | 0.3 | | | 127.4 | |
| Dividends | | | | | | | | | | | | Dividends | |
| Common stock | | | | (39.5 | ) | | | | (36.9 | ) | | | (36.0 | ) | |
| Common stock ($0.760, $0.740, and $0.720 per share) | | Common stock ($0.760, $0.740, and $0.720 per share) | | (51.0) | | | (49.3) | | | (47.7) | |
| Stock issued under share-based compensation plans | | | | (0.6 | ) | | | | (0.4 | ) | | | (0.7 | ) | Stock issued under share-based compensation plans | | (1.5) | | | (0.9) | | | (1.0) | |
Cumulative effect adjustment for adoption of ASU 2014-09 | | Cumulative effect adjustment for adoption of ASU 2014-09 | | — | | | — | | | 6.5 | |
| Balance, end of year | | | | 720.1 |
| | | | 756.4 |
| | | 736.5 |
| Balance, end of year | | 880.2 | | | 806.4 | | | 856.3 | |
| Total Stockholders’ Equity | | | | $ | 1,375.7 |
| | | | $ | 974.0 |
| | | $ | 1,007.5 |
| Total Stockholders’ Equity | | $ | 1,609.2 | | | $ | 1,500.3 | | | $ | 1,542.0 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Cash flows from operating activities | | | | | |
| Net income | $ | 126.3 | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 127.4 | |
| (Income) loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes | — | | | (0.1) | | | 0.1 | |
| Income from continuing operations | 126.3 | | | 0.2 | | | 127.5 | |
Adjustments to reconcile income from continuing operations to net cash provided by
operating activities of continuing operations | | | | | |
| Depreciation and amortization | 89.9 | | | 96.4 | | | 107.4 | |
| | | | | |
| Impairment loss on goodwill and other intangibles | — | | | 172.8 | | | — | |
| Impairment loss on fixed assets | 9.1 | | | — | | | — | |
| Deferred income taxes | (48.0) | | | (36.6) | | | 9.7 | |
| Share-based compensation expense | 33.5 | | | 20.3 | | | 17.5 | |
| Provision for bad debt | 0.6 | | | 19.6 | | | 6.7 | |
| Amortization of accumulated other comprehensive gain on interest rate swaps | (6.4) | | | (6.7) | | | (5.7) | |
| Discount accretion on insurance claims | 0.1 | | | 0.8 | | | 0.8 | |
| Loss (gain) on sale of assets | 0.2 | | | 2.1 | | | (0.6) | |
| Reserves on other assets | — | | | 17.6 | | | — | |
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | (2.1) | | | (2.2) | | | (3.0) | |
| Distributions from unconsolidated affiliates | 1.9 | | | 0.1 | | | 5.4 | |
| | | | | |
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions | | | | | |
| Trade accounts receivable and costs incurred in excess of amounts billed | (124.5) | | | 141.4 | | | (78.3) | |
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 6.8 | | | (15.5) | | | (13.2) | |
| | | | | |
| Right-of-use assets | 19.3 | | | 24.4 | | | — | |
| Other noncurrent assets | 13.8 | | | (10.4) | | | 4.5 | |
| Trade accounts payable and other accrued liabilities | 265.7 | | | (53.5) | | | 85.8 | |
| Long-term lease liabilities | (16.3) | | | (22.9) | | | — | |
| Insurance claims | (28.4) | | | 5.7 | | | 3.9 | |
| Income taxes payable | 8.3 | | | 7.6 | | | 3.2 | |
| Other noncurrent liabilities | (35.4) | | | 96.2 | | | (8.7) | |
| Total adjustments | 188.0 | | | 457.2 | | | 135.3 | |
| Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations | 314.3 | | | 457.4 | | | 262.8 | |
| Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities of discontinued operations | — | | | 0.1 | | | (0.1) | |
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 314.3 | | | 457.5 | | | 262.7 | |
| Cash flows from investing activities | | | | | |
| Additions to property, plant and equipment | (34.3) | | | (38.0) | | | (59.6) | |
| Proceeds from sale of assets | 4.4 | | | 5.5 | | | 1.3 | |
| Proceeds from redemption of auction rate security | — | | | 5.0 | | | — | |
| Purchase of business, net of cash acquired | (710.2) | | | — | | | — | |
| Net cash used in investing activities | (740.0) | | | (27.5) | | | (58.3) | |
| Cash flows from financing activities | | | | | |
| Taxes withheld from issuance of share-based compensation awards, net | (8.1) | | | (0.9) | | | (1.3) | |
| Repurchases of common stock | — | | | (5.1) | | | — | |
| Dividends paid | (51.0) | | | (49.3) | | | (47.7) | |
| Deferred financing costs paid | (6.4) | | | (4.4) | | | — | |
| Borrowings from credit facility | 357.7 | | | 1,058.5 | | | 1,755.9 | |
| Repayment of borrowings from credit facility | (194.2) | | | (1,141.6) | | | (1,896.5) | |
| Changes in book cash overdrafts | (17.9) | | | 41.2 | | | (0.2) | |
| Financing of energy savings performance contracts | 15.1 | | | 11.1 | | | 8.1 | |
| Repayment of finance lease obligations | (2.8) | | | (3.4) | | | (3.1) | |
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 92.4 | | | (94.1) | | | (184.8) | |
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 1.9 | | | (0.2) | | | (0.2) | |
| Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | (331.4) | | | 335.7 | | | 19.4 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 394.2 | | | 58.5 | | | 39.1 | |
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | $ | 62.8 | | | $ | 394.2 | | | $ | 58.5 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| Cash flows from operating activities | | | | | |
| Net income | $ | 3.8 |
| | $ | 57.2 |
| | $ | 76.3 |
|
| Loss (income) from discontinued operations, net of taxes | 74.3 |
| | 5.1 |
| | (22.2 | ) |
| Income from continuing operations | 78.1 |
| | 62.3 |
| | 54.1 |
|
| Adjustments to reconcile income from continuing operations to net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations | | | | | |
| Depreciation and amortization | 70.1 |
| | 57.5 |
| | 57.0 |
|
| Impairment (recovery) loss | (18.5 | ) | | 22.5 |
| | — |
|
| Deferred income taxes | (6.1 | ) | | (3.7 | ) | | 8.1 |
|
| Share-based compensation expense | 13.3 |
| | 14.0 |
| | 14.2 |
|
| Provision for bad debt | 4.1 |
| | 12.9 |
| | 2.7 |
|
| Discount accretion on insurance claims | 0.2 |
| | 0.3 |
| | 0.3 |
|
| Gain on sale of assets | (2.7 | ) | | (0.2 | ) | | (0.1 | ) |
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates, net | (4.2 | ) | | (7.6 | ) | | (9.0 | ) |
| Distributions from unconsolidated affiliates | 5.7 |
| | 8.2 |
| | 6.5 |
|
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions: | | | | | |
| Trade accounts receivable | (115.7 | ) | | (80.9 | ) | | (55.9 | ) |
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (6.4 | ) | | — |
| | (1.4 | ) |
| Other noncurrent assets | (7.6 | ) | | (29.5 | ) | | 1.7 |
|
| Trade accounts payable and other accrued liabilities | 74.4 |
| | 15.4 |
| | 44.3 |
|
| Insurance claims | 33.5 |
| | 33.6 |
| | 37.4 |
|
| Income taxes payable | (22.5 | ) | | 0.5 |
| | (14.2 | ) |
| Other noncurrent liabilities | 6.0 |
| | 5.2 |
| | (0.2 | ) |
| Total adjustments | 23.6 |
| | 48.2 |
| | 91.4 |
|
| Net cash provided by operating activities of continuing operations | 101.7 |
| | 110.5 |
| | 145.5 |
|
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities of discontinued operations | (96.1 | ) | | (27.0 | ) | | 0.9 |
|
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 5.6 |
| | 83.5 |
| | 146.4 |
|
| Cash flows from investing activities | | | | | |
| Additions to property, plant and equipment | (57.2 | ) | | (44.0 | ) | | (26.5 | ) |
| Proceeds from sale of assets | 4.0 |
| | 3.3 |
| | 5.3 |
|
| Purchase of businesses, net of cash acquired | (853.6 | ) | | (96.0 | ) | | (19.2 | ) |
| Proceeds from sale of business | 35.5 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
| Proceeds from redemption of auction rate security | — |
| | 5.0 |
| | — |
|
| Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | (0.4 | ) | | — |
| | (0.1 | ) |
| Net cash used in investing activities of continuing operations | (871.8 | ) | | (131.7 | ) | | (40.5 | ) |
| Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities of discontinued operations | — |
| | (3.1 | ) | | 130.9 |
|
| Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities | (871.8 | ) | | (134.8 | ) | | 90.4 |
|
| Cash flows from financing activities | | | | | |
| (Taxes withheld) and proceeds from issuance of share-based compensation awards, net | (0.7 | ) | | 5.3 |
| | 15.4 |
|
| Incremental tax benefit from share-based compensation awards | — |
| | — |
| | 2.3 |
|
| Repurchases of common stock | (7.9 | ) | | (46.6 | ) | | (31.4 | ) |
| Dividends paid | (39.5 | ) | | (36.9 | ) | | (36.0 | ) |
| Deferred financing costs paid | (18.7 | ) | | (0.1 | ) | | (0.9 | ) |
| Borrowings from credit facility | 1,880.1 |
| | 1,052.3 |
| | 958.3 |
|
| Repayment of borrowings from credit facility | (957.2 | ) | | (942.0 | ) | | (1,120.1 | ) |
| Changes in book cash overdrafts | 15.8 |
| | 0.7 |
| | (7.3 | ) |
| Financing of energy savings performance contracts | 6.8 |
| | 22.6 |
| | 5.2 |
|
| Repayment of capital lease obligations | (0.9 | ) | | (1.2 | ) | | (2.4 | ) |
| Payment of contingent consideration | (3.8 | ) | | (1.5 | ) | | — |
|
| Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 874.0 |
| | 52.6 |
| | (216.9 | ) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
| 1.5 |
| | (3.3 | ) | | (1.1 | ) |
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 9.3 |
| | (2.0 | ) | | 18.8 |
|
| Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 53.5 |
| | 55.5 |
| | 36.7 |
|
| Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | $ | 62.8 |
| | $ | 53.5 |
| | $ | 55.5 |
|
ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(continued)
| | | | Years Ended October 31, | | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 | (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Supplemental cash flow information | | | | | | Supplemental cash flow information | | | | | |
| Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds received | $ | 11.8 |
| | $ | 12.6 |
| | $ | 23.7 |
| |
| Income tax payments, net | | Income tax payments, net | $ | 93.5 | | | $ | 82.2 | | | $ | 20.6 | |
| Interest paid on credit facility | 8.1 |
| | 4.4 |
| | 6.0 |
| Interest paid on credit facility | 14.3 | | | 32.9 | | | 39.9 | |
| | | | | | | |
| Non-cash investing and financing activities | | | | | | |
| Stock issued in GCA Services acquisition, net of shares withheld for taxes | $ | 421.3 |
| | — |
| | — |
| |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. THE COMPANY AND NATURE OF OPERATIONS
ABM Industries Incorporated, which operates through its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “ABM,” “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company”), is a leading provider of integrated facility solutionsservices with a mission to make a difference, every person, every day. We are organized into five4 industry groups and one1 Technical Solutions segment:
Through these groups, we offer janitorial, facilities engineering, parking, and specialized mechanical and electrical technical solutions, on a standalone basis or in combination.combination with other services.
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes (the “Financial Statements”)Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”) and with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”),SEC, specifically Regulation S-X and the instructions to Form 10-K. Unless otherwise indicated, all references to years are to our fiscal year, which ends on October 31.
The Financial Statements include the accounts of ABM and all of our consolidated subsidiaries. We account for ABM’s investments in unconsolidated affiliates under the equity method of accounting. We include the results of acquired businesses in the consolidated statementsConsolidated Statements of comprehensive incomeComprehensive Income (Loss) from their respective acquisition dates. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires our management to make certain estimates that affect the reported amounts. We base our estimates on historical experience, known or expected trends, independent valuations, and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ significantly from these estimates.
We round amounts in the Financial Statements to millions and calculate all percentages and per-share data from the underlying whole-dollar amounts. Thus, certain amounts may not foot, crossfoot, or recalculate based on reported numbers due to rounding.
Government Services
At October 31, 2016, the assets and liabilitiesImpact of the Government ServicesPandemic
COVID-19 has resulted in a worldwide health Pandemic. To date, the Pandemic has surfaced in regions all around the world and resulted in business were classifiedslowdowns and shutdowns, as held-for-sale. As describedwell as global travel restrictions. In these Financial Statements, we have assessed the current impact of the Pandemic on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows as well as on our estimates, forecasts, and accounting policies. We have made additional disclosures of these assessments, as necessary. Given the unprecedented nature of this situation, we cannot reasonably estimate the full impact the Pandemic will have on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows in the foreseeable future. The ultimate impact of the Pandemic on our company is highly uncertain and will depend on future developments, and such impacts could exist for an extended period of time, even after the Pandemic subsides.
The Pandemic continues to create a dynamic client environment, and we are working diligently to ensure our clients’ changing staffing and service needs are met while actively managing direct labor and related personnel
costs, including furloughs or reduced hours for certain frontline employees in markets significantly impacted by business slowdowns and shutdowns.
Refer to additional discussion regarding the Pandemic and the impact on our business throughout this document, including Note 7, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” we measured the held-for-sale assets at fair value until sold. On May 31, 2017, we completed the sale of this business for $35.5 millionNote 9, “Goodwill and recorded a pre-tax gain of $1.2 million. The gain on sale is reflected in impairment (recovery) loss in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The reported results for this business are through the date of sale. Future results could include run-off costs associated with this former business.Other Intangible Assets,” and Note 11, “Credit Facility.”
Prior Year Reclassifications
Effective November 1, 2016, we reorganized our reportable segments to reflect how we now manage our business by industry group. We have revised our prior period segment information to reflect this reorganization and a related reclassification of certain Corporate expenses. See Note 18, “Segment and Geographic Information,” for further details. Concurrent with the reorganization, we recategorized certain expenses that were historically included in operating expenses to selling, general and administrative expenses. To conform to the new categorization, we reclassified operating expenses of $20.0 million and $17.7 million for 2016 and 2015, respectively, to selling, general and administrative expenses. In addition, based on the terms of the agreement to sell the Government Services
business, we reclassified certain of the prior year amounts in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and statements of cash flows from held-for-sale to held-and-used.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid securities with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash and cash equivalents. As part of our cash management system, we use “zero balance” accounts to fund our disbursements. Under this system, at the end of each day the bank balance is zero, while the book balance is usually a negative amount due to reconciling items, such as outstanding checks. We report the changes in these book cash overdrafts as cash flows from financing activities.
Trade Accounts Receivable and Costs Incurred in Excess of Amounts Billed
Trade accounts receivable arise from services provided to our clients and are usually due and payable on varying terms from receipt of the invoice to net ninety90 days, with the exception of certain Technical Solutions project receivables that may have longer collection periods. These receivables are recorded at the invoiced amount and normally do not bear interest. In addition, our trade accounts receivable include unbilled receivables, that can include costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts, as wellsuch as invoices for services that have been provided but are not yet billed.
Costs incurred in excess of amounts billed arise from Technical Solutions project contracts that typically provide for a schedule of billings or invoices to the client based on our performance to date of specific tasks inherent in the fulfillment of our performance obligation(s). The schedules for such billings usually do not precisely match the schedule on which costs are incurred. As a result, revenues generally differ from amounts that can be billed or invoiced to the client at any point during the contract.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
We determine the allowance for doubtful accounts based on historical write-offs, known or expected trends, and the identification of specific balances deemed uncollectible. For the specifically identified balances, we establish the reserve upon the earlier of a client’s inability to meet its financial obligations or after a period of twelve12 months, unless our management believes such amounts will ultimately be collectible.
Sales Allowance
In connection with our service contracts, we periodically issue credit memos to our clients that are recorded as a reduction in revenues and an increase to the allowance for billing adjustments. These credits can result from client vacancy discounts, job cancellations, property damage, and other items. We estimate our potential future losses on these client receivables based on an analysis of the historical rate of sales adjustments (credit memos, net of re-bills) and known or expected trends.
Other Current Assets
At October 31, 20172021 and 2016,2020, other current assets primarily consisted of other receivables, and short-term insurance recoverables.recoverables, and capitalized commissions.
Other Investments
At October 31, 20172021 and 2016,2020, other investments primarily consisted of investments in unconsolidated affiliates and investments in auction rate securities.affiliates.
Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliates
We own non-controlling interests (generally 20% to 50%) in certain affiliated entities that predominantly provide facility solutions to governmental and commercial clients, primarily in the United States and the Middle East. We account for such investments under the equity method of accounting. We evaluate our equity method investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of such investments may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the estimated fair value of the investment is less than its carrying amount and we determine that the impairment is other-than-temporary.other than temporary. At October 31, 20172021, 2020, and 2016,2019, our investments in unconsolidated affiliates were $9.3$11.7 million,
$11.0 million, and $17.1$8.9 million, respectively. At October 31, 2016, a portion of these investments were classified as held for sale, as they related to our Government Services business. In connection with the held-for-sale classification, we recognized an impairment charge of $5.0 million to write down these investments to their estimated fair value in 2016, which we subsequently recovered in 2017. We did not recognize any impairment charges on these investments in 20172021, 2020, or 2015.2019.
Investments in Auction Rate Securities
Our investments in auction rate securities are classified as available-for-sale. Accordingly, auction rate securities are presented at fair value with unrealized gains and losses recorded in accumulated other comprehensive
loss (“AOCL”). On a quarterly basis, we analyze all auction rate securities that have unrealized losses for impairment consideration and assess the intent to sell such securities. If such intent exists, impaired securities are considered other-than-temporarily impaired and we recognize the entire difference between the auction rate security’s amortized cost and its fair value in earnings. We also consider if we may be required to sell the securities prior to the recovery of amortized cost, which may trigger an impairment charge. If these securities are considered impaired, we assess whether the amortized costs of the securities can be recovered by reviewing several factors, including credit risks associated with the issuer. If we do not expect to recover the entire amortized cost of the security, we consider the security to be other-than-temporarily impaired, and record the difference between the security’s amortized costs and its recoverable amount in earnings and the difference between the security’s amortized cost and fair value in AOCL.
Property, Plant and Equipment
We record property, plant and equipment at cost. Repairs and maintenance expenditures are expensed as incurred. In contrast, we capitalize major renewals or replacements that substantially extend the useful life of an asset. We determine depreciation for financial reporting purposes using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives:
|
| | | | |
| Category | Years |
| Computer equipment and software | 3–5 |
| Machinery and other equipment | 3–5 |
| Transportation equipment | 1.5–10 |
| Buildings | 10–40 |
| Furniture and fixtures | 5 |
In addition, we depreciate assets under capitalfinance leases and leasehold improvements over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the remaining lease term. Upon retirement or sale of an asset, we remove the cost and accumulated depreciation from our consolidated balance sheets.Consolidated Balance Sheets. When applicable, we record corresponding gains or losses within the accompanying consolidated statementsConsolidated Statements of comprehensive income.Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Leases
We adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), and all related amendments on November 1, 2019, on a modified retrospective basis. Comparative prior period Financial Statements for fiscal year 2019 have not been restated and continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for fiscal year 2019. Topic 842 requires lessees to recognize substantially all leases on their balance sheet as a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset and a lease liability. Upon adoption, we elected the package of transition practical expedients that allowed us to carry forward prior conclusions related to: (i) whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases; (ii) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases; and (iii) initial direct costs for existing leases. Additionally, we elected the practical expedient of not separating lease components from non-lease components for all asset classes. We also made an accounting policy election to not record ROU assets or lease liabilities for leases with an initial term of 12 months or less and will recognize payments for such leases in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) on a straight-line basis over the lease term. We did not elect the use of hindsight for determining the reasonably certain lease term.
We enter into various noncancelable leaselease agreements for premisesoffice space, parking facilities, warehouses, vehicles, and equipment used in the normal course of business. We evaluatedetermine if an arrangement is a lease at inception and begin recording lease activity at the commencement date, which is generally the date in which we take possession of or control the physical use of the asset. ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of lease payments over the lease agreementterm with lease expense recognized on a straight-line basis. We use our incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of future lease payments unless the implicit rate in a lease is readily determinable. Our incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest we would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term at the inception ofan amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. This incremental borrowing rate is applied to the minimum lease payments within each lease agreement to determine whetherthe amounts of our ROU assets and lease liabilities. Our incremental borrowing rate as of November 1, 2019, was utilized for the initial measurement of operating lease liabilities upon adoption of Topic 842.
Our lease terms range from one to 30 years. Some leases include one or more options to renew, with renewal terms that can extend the lease term. We typically include options to extend the lease in a lease term when it is an operatingreasonably certain that we will exercise that option and when doing so is at our sole discretion. Certain equipment and vehicle leases may also include options to purchase the leased property. The depreciable life of assets and leasehold improvements are limited by the expected lease term, unless there is a transfer of title or capitalpurchase option reasonably certain of exercise. Typically, if we decide to cancel or terminate a lease before the end of its term, then we would owe the lessor the remaining lease payments under the term of such lease. Our lease agreements generally do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. We may rent or sublease certain real estate assets that we no longer use to third parties.
Lease agreements may contain rent escalation clauses, rent holidays, or certain landlord incentives, including tenant improvement allowances. Prior to November 1, 2019, we recognized lease expense under noncancelablerelated to operating leases with escalation clauses on a straight-line basis over the initial lease term. A deferred liability is recorded for the amountterms of the excessleases and, accordingly, recorded the difference between cash rent payments and recognition of straight-linerent expense as a deferred rent liability or prepaid rent. Landlord-funded leasehold improvements were also recorded as deferred rent liabilities and were amortized as a reduction of rent expense over scheduled payments. We do not assume renewals in our determinationthe noncancelable term of the related operating lease. The ROU assets recognized upon adoption of Topic 842 included: cumulative prepaid or accrued rent on the adoption date, unamortized lease term unlessincentives, and unamortized initial direct costs initially recognized prior to adoption of Topic 842. Following adoption of Topic 842, ROU assets include amounts for scheduled rent increases and are reduced by lease incentive amounts.
Certain of our lease agreements include variable rent payments, consisting primarily of rental payments adjusted periodically for inflation and amounts paid to the renewals are deemed to be reasonably assured at lease inception. We may also be required to make additional payments to reimburse the lessors for operating expenseslessor based on cost or consumption, such as real estate taxes, maintenance utilities, and insurance, whichutilities. These costs are expensed as incurred. We enter into leasesCertain of our parking arrangements also contain variable rent payments that are a percentage of parking lots and garages that contain contingent payment provisions. Under these provisions, we pay contingent amounts in addition to base rent, primarilyservices revenue based on percentages of the gross receipts or other financial parameters attributable to the related facilities.contractual levels. We record contingent rent as it becomes probable that specified targets will be met. Variable rent lease components are not included in the lease liability.
We record each capital leaseService concession arrangements within the scope of ASU No. 2017-10, Service Concession Arrangements (Topic 853): Determining the Customer of the Operation Services, are excluded from the scope of Topic 842. Lease costs associated with these arrangements are recorded as an asseta reduction of revenues. See Note 3, “Revenues,” for further discussion.
Goodwill and an obligation at an amount that is equal toOther Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the presentexcess purchase price of acquired businesses over the fair value of the minimum lease payments overassets acquired and liabilities assumed. We have elected to make the lease term.
Other Intangible Assetsfirst day of our fourth quarter, August 1, the annual impairment assessment date for goodwill. However, we could be required to evaluate the recoverability of goodwill more often if impairment indicators exist. Goodwill is tested for impairment at a “reporting unit” level by performing either a qualitative evaluation or a quantitative test. The qualitative evaluation is an assessment of factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. We may elect not to perform the qualitative assessment for some or all reporting units and instead perform a quantitative test under which we estimate the fair value using a weighting of fair values derived from an income approach and a market approach. The discounted estimates of future cash flows include significant management assumptions, such as revenue growth rates, operating margins, weighted average cost of capital, and future economic and market conditions.
Other intangible assets primarily consist of acquired customer contracts and relationships that are amortized using the sum-of-the-years-digitssum-of-the-years’-digits method over their useful lives, consistent with the estimated useful life considerations used in the determination of their fair values. This accelerated method of amortization reflects the pattern in which the economic benefits from the intangible assets of customer contracts and relationships are expected to be realized. We amortize other non-customer acquired intangibles using a straight-line method of amortization.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
We evaluate other intangible assets, as well as our long-lived assets, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. When this occurs, a recoverability test is performed that compares the projected undiscounted cash flows from the use and eventual disposition of an asset or asset group to its carrying amount. If the projected undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying amount, then we calculate an impairment loss. The impairment loss calculation compares the fair value, which is based on projected discounted cash flows, to the carrying value. We record an impairment loss if the carrying value exceeds the fair value. In 2016, we classified the long-lived assets of our Government Services business as held for sale.
See Note 7, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments,9, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets,” regarding the valuation of the held-for-sale long-livedfor further information on goodwill, other intangible assets, of the former Government Services business in 2016 and 2017.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess purchase price of acquired businesses over the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. We have elected to make the first day of our fourth quarter, August 1st, the annual impairment assessment date for goodwill. However, we could be required to evaluate the recoverability of goodwill more often if impairment indicators exist.
We test the carrying value of goodwill for impairment at a “reporting unit” level. In 2017, we adopted Accounting Standards Update 2017-04, which allows us to test goodwill for impairment by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount. If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, an impairment charge will be recorded for the difference between the fair value and carrying value, but it is limited to the carrying value of the reporting unit’s goodwill.
In 2016, in connection with the held-for-sale classification of the former Government Services business, we recognized a goodwill impairment charge of $6.0 million. In accordance with the held for sale accounting guidance, we subsequently recovered this amount when we received an offer from a strategic buyer in 2017. We did not recognize any goodwill impairment charges in 2017 or 2015.charges.
Other Noncurrent Assets
At October 31, 20172021 and 2016,2020, other noncurrent assets primarily consisted of long-term insurance recoverables, deferred charges, capitalized commissions, ESPC receivables, insurance and other long-term deposits, deferred charges,and prepayments to carriers for future insurance claims, and federal energy savings performance contract receivables.claims.
Federal Energy Savings Performance Contract Receivables
As part of our Technical Solutions business, we enter into Energy Savings Performance Contracts (“ESPCs”)ESPCs with the federal government pursuant to which we agree to develop, design, engineer, and construct a project and to guarantee that the project will satisfy agreed-upon performance standards. ESPC receivables represent the amount to be paid by various federal government agencies for work we have satisfactorily performed under specific ESPCs. We assign certain of our rights to receive those payments to unaffiliated third parties that provide construction financing, which we record as a liability, for such contracts. This construction financing is recorded as cash flows from financing activities, while the use of the cash received under these arrangements to pay project costs under these arrangements is classified as operating cash flows. The ESPC receivable is recognized as revenue as each project is constructed. Upon completion and acceptance of the project by the government and upon satisfaction of true sale criteria, the assigned ESPC receivable from the government and corresponding ESPC liability are eliminated from our consolidated financial statements.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Fair value is the price we would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction with a market participant at the measurement date. In the absence of active markets for the identical assets or liabilities, such measurements involve developing assumptions based on market observable data and, in the absence of such data, internal information that is consistent with what market participants would use in a hypothetical transaction that occurs at the measurement date.
Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our market assumptions. Preference is given to observable inputs. These two types of inputs create the following fair value hierarchy:
Level 1 – Quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets;
Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable; and
Level 3 – Significant inputs to the valuation model are unobservable.
We evaluate assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements on a recurring and non-recurring basis to determine the appropriate level at which to classify them for each reporting period. Some non-financial assets are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis only in certain circumstances, including the event of impairment. See Note 7, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” for the fair value hierarchy table and for details on how we measure fair value for our assets and liabilities.
Acquisitions
We expense acquisition-related costs as incurred. On the date of the acquisition, we allocate the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values. Goodwill on the acquisition date is measured as the excess of the purchase price over the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. While we use our best estimates and assumptions to accurately value assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date as well as contingent consideration, where applicable, our estimates are subject to refinement. As a result, during the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed with corresponding adjustments to goodwill. We recognize subsequent changes in the estimate of the amount to be paid under contingent consideration arrangements in the accompanying consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
Discontinued Operations
In order to be reported within discontinued operations, our disposal of a component or a group of components must represent a strategic shift that will have a major effect on our operations and financial results. We aggregate the results of operations for discontinued operations within a single line item on the income statement. General corporate overhead is not allocated to discontinued operations. We disclose any gain or loss that is recognized upon the disposition of a discontinued operation. Prior to disposition, we aggregate the assets and liabilities of discontinued operations and report the amounts on separate line items within the balance sheet.
Assets and Liabilities Held for Sale
Upon a business being classified as held for sale, we cease all depreciation and amortization related to the assets and record them at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less estimated costs to sell. The assets and related liabilities of the business are separately presented on the consolidated balance sheets. We review all assets held for sale each reporting period to determine whether the existing carrying amounts are fully recoverable in comparison to estimated fair values.
Insurance Reserves
We use a combination of insured and self-insurance programs to cover workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability, property damage, and other insurable risks. Insurance claim liabilities represent our estimate of retained risks without regard to insurance coverage. We retain a substantial portion of the risk related to certain workers’ compensation and medical claims. Liabilities associated with these losses include estimates of both filed claims filed and claims incurred but not reported (“IBNR Claims”).Claims.
With the assistance of third-party actuaries, we periodically review our estimate of ultimate losses for IBNR Claims on a quarterly basis and adjust our required self-insurance reserves as appropriate. See Note 10, “Insurance,” for further details on the quarterly review procedures. As part of this evaluation, we review the status of existing and new claim reserves as established by third-party claims administrators. The third-party claims administrators establish the case reserves based upon known factors related to the type and severity of the claims, demographic factors, legislative matters, and case law, as appropriate. We compare actual trends to expected trends and monitor claims developments. The specific case reserves estimated by the third-party administrators are provided to an actuary who assists us in projecting an actuarial estimate of the overall ultimate losses for our self-insured or
high deductible programs, which includes the case reserves plus an actuarial estimate of reserves required for additional developments, such as IBNR Claims. We utilize the results of actuarial studies to estimate our insurance rates and insurance reserves for future periods and to adjust reserves, if appropriate, for prior years.
In general, our insurance reserves are recorded on an undiscounted basis. We allocate current-year insurance expense to our operating segments based upon their underlying exposures, while actuarial adjustments related to prior year claims are recorded within Corporate expenses. We classify claims as current or long-term
based on the expected settlement date. Estimated insurance recoveries related to recorded liabilities are reflected as assets in our consolidated balance sheetsConsolidated Balance Sheets when we believe that the receipt of such amounts is probable.
Other Accrued Liabilities
At October 31, 20172021 and 2016,2020, other accrued liabilities primarily consisted of employee benefits, deferred revenue, legal fees and settlements, other accrued expenses (which include the current portion of deferred payroll taxes), employee benefits, contract liabilities (which include deferred revenue and progress billings in excess of costs,costs), unclaimed property, dividends payable, interest, rent payable, severance,and insurance claims, current capital leases, and other accrued expenses.claims.
Other Noncurrent Liabilities
At October 31, 20172021 and 2016,2020, other noncurrent liabilities primarily consisted of noncurrent deferred rent,payroll taxes, deferred compensation, ESPC liabilities, retirement plan liabilities, deferred compensation, long-term capitalfinance leases, and ESPC liabilities.warranty reserves.
Revenue RecognitionContracts with Customers
We earnaccount for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance, and collectability of consideration is probable. Once a contract is identified, we evaluate whether it is a combined or single contract and whether it should be accounted for as more than one performance obligation. Generally, most of our contracts are cancelable by either party without a substantive penalty, and the majority of our contracts have a notification period of 30 to 60 days. If a contract includes a cancellation clause, the remaining contract term is limited to the required termination notice period.
At contract inception, we assess the services promised to our customers and identify a performance obligation for each promise to transfer to the customer a service, or a bundle of services, that is distinct. To identify the performance obligation, we consider all of our services promised in the contract, regardless of whether they are explicitly stated or are implied by customary business practices.
The majority of our contracts contain multiple promises that represent an integrated bundle of services comprised of activities that may vary over time; however, these activities fulfill a single integrated performance obligation since we perform a continuous service that is substantially the same and has the same pattern of transfer to the customer. Our performance obligations are primarily satisfied over time as we provide the related services. We allocate the contract transaction price to this single performance obligation and recognize revenue as the services are performed, as further described in “Contract Types” below.
Certain arrangements involve variable consideration (primarily per transaction fees, reimbursable expenses, and sales-based royalties). We do not estimate the variable consideration for these arrangements; rather, we recognize these variable fees in the period they are earned. Some of our contracts, often related to Airline Services, may also include performance incentives based on variable performance measures that are ascertained exclusively by future performance and therefore cannot be estimated at contract inception and are recognized as revenue once known and mutually agreed upon. We include estimated amounts in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Our estimates of variable consideration and determination of whether to include estimated amounts in the transaction price are based largely on an assessment of our anticipated performance and all information (historical, current, and forecasted) that is reasonably available to us.
We primarily account for our performance obligations under the series guidance, using the as-invoiced practical expedient when applicable. We apply the as-invoiced practical expedient to record revenue as the services are provided, given the nature of the services provided and the frequency of billing under the customer contracts. Under this practical expedient, we recognize revenue in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the customer of our performance completed to date and for which we have the right to invoice the customer.
We typically bill customers on a monthly basis and have the right to consideration from customers in an amount that corresponds directly with the performance obligation satisfied to date. The time between completion of the performance obligation and collection of cash is generally 30 to 60 days. Sales-based taxes are excluded from revenue.
Contracts generally can be modified to account for changes in specifications and requirements. We consider contract modifications to exist when the modification either changes the consideration, creates new
performance obligations, or changes the existing scope of the contract and related performance obligations. Historically, contract modifications have been for services that are not distinct from the existing contract, since we are providing a bundle of services that are highly interrelated, and are therefore treated as if they were part of that existing contract. Such modifications are generally accounted for prospectively as part of the existing contract.
Contract Types
We have arrangements under various contract types, as described below.
Monthly Fixed-Price
Monthly fixed-price arrangements are contracts in which the client agrees to pay a fixed fee every month over a specified contract term. We measure progress toward satisfaction of service contracts. In all forms of service we provide,the performance obligation as the services are provided, and revenue is recognized when persuasive evidenceat the agreed-upon contractual amount over time, because the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of an arrangement exists,the services as they are performed.
Square-Foot
Square-foot arrangements are contracts in which the client agrees to pay a fixed fee every month based on the actual square footage serviced over a specified contract term. We measure progress toward satisfaction of the performance obligation as the services are provided, and revenue is recognized at the agreed-upon contractual amount over time, because the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are performed.
Cost-Plus
Cost-plus arrangements are contracts in which the clients reimburse us for the agreed-upon amount of wages and benefits, payroll taxes, insurance charges, and other expenses associated with the contracted work, plus a profit margin. We measure progress toward satisfaction of the performance obligation as the services are provided, and revenue is recognized at the agreed-upon contractual amount over time, because the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are performed.
Work Orders
Work orders generally consist of supplemental services requested by clients outside of the standard service specification and include cleanup after tenant moves, construction cleanup, flood cleanup, and snow removal. The nature of these short-term contracts involves performing one-off type services, and revenue is recognized at the agreed-upon contractual amount over time as the services are provided, because the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are performed.
Transaction-Price
Transaction-price contracts are arrangements in which customers are billed a fixed price for each transaction performed on a monthly basis (e.g., wheelchair passengers served, airplane cabins cleaned). We measure progress toward satisfaction of the performance obligation as the services are provided, and revenue is recognized at the agreed-upon contractual amount over time, because the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are performed.
Hourly
Hourly arrangements are contracts in which the client is billed a fixed hourly rate for each labor hour provided. We measure progress toward satisfaction of the performance obligation as the services are provided, and revenue is recognized at the agreed-upon contractual amount over time, because the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are performed.
Management Reimbursement
Under management reimbursement arrangements, we manage a parking facility for a management fee and pass through the revenue and expenses associated with the facility to the owner. We measure progress toward satisfaction of the performance obligation over time as the services are provided. Under these contracts we recognize both revenues and expenses, in equal amounts, that are directly reimbursed from the property owner for operating expenses, as such expenses are incurred. Such revenues do not include gross customer collections at the managed locations, because they belong to the property owners. We have been rendered,determined we are the feeprincipal in
these transactions, because the nature of our performance obligation is for us to provide the services on behalf of the customer and we have control of the promised services before they are transferred to the customer.
Leased Location
Under leased location parking arrangements, we pay a fixed or determinable,amount of rent, plus a percentage of revenues derived from monthly and collectabilitytransient parkers, to the property owner. We retain all revenues received and we are responsible for most operating expenses incurred. We measure progress toward satisfaction of the performance obligation as the services are provided, and revenue is reasonably assured. The various typesrecognized over time, because the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are performed.
Rental expense and certain other expenses under contracts that meet the definition of service concession arrangements are recorded as a reduction of revenue.
Allowance
Under allowance parking arrangements, we are paid a fixed amount or hourly rate to provide parking services, and we are responsible for certain operating expenses that are specified in the contract. We measure progress toward satisfaction of the performance obligation as the services are provided, and revenue is recognized at the agreed-upon contractual rate over time, because the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the services as they are performed.
Energy Savings Contracts and Fixed-Price Repair and Refurbishment
Under energy savings contracts and fixed-price repair and refurbishment arrangements, we agree to develop, design, engineer, and construct a project. Additionally, as part of bundled energy solutions arrangements, we guarantee the project will satisfy agreed-upon performance standards.
We use the cost-to-cost method, which compares the actual costs incurred to date with the current estimate of total costs to complete, to measure the satisfaction of the performance obligation and recognize revenue as work progresses and we incur costs on our contracts; we believe this method best reflects the transfer of control to the customer. This measurement and comparison process requires updates to the estimate of total costs to complete the contract, and these updates may include subjective assessments and judgments. Equipment purchased for these projects is project-specific and considered a value-added element to our work. Equipment costs are incurred when title is transferred to us, typically upon delivery to the work site. Revenue for uninstalled equipment is recognized at cost and the associated margin is deferred until installation is substantially complete.
We recognize revenue over time for all of our services as we perform them, because (i) control continuously transfers to the customer as work progresses or (ii) we have the right to bill the customer as costs are incurred. The customer typically controls the work in process, as evidenced either by contractual termination clauses or by our rights to payment for work performed to date plus a reasonable profit to deliver products or services that do not have an alternative use to us.
Certain project contracts include a schedule of billings or invoices to the customer based on our job-to-date percentage of completion of specific tasks inherent in the fulfillment of our performance obligation(s) or in accordance with a fixed billing schedule. Fixed billing schedules may not precisely match the actual costs incurred. Therefore, revenue recognized may differ from amounts that can be billed or invoiced to the customer at any point during the contract, resulting in balances that are considered revenue recognized in excess of cumulative billings or cumulative billings in excess of revenue recognized. Advanced payments from our customers generally do not represent a significant financing component as the payments are used to meet working capital demands that can be higher in the early stages of a contract, as well as to protect us from our customer failing to meet its obligations under the contract.
Certain projects include service maintenance agreements under which existing systems are repaired and maintained for a specific period of time. We generally recognize revenue under these arrangements over time. Our service maintenance agreements are generally one-year renewable agreements.
Franchise
We franchise certain engineering services through individual and area franchises under the Linc Service and TEGG brands, which are part of ABM Technical Solutions. Initial franchise fees result from the sale of a franchise license and include the use of the name, trademarks, and proprietary methods. The franchise license is
considered symbolic intellectual property, and revenue related to the sale of this right is recognized at the agreed-upon contractual amount over the term of the initial franchise agreement.
Royalty fee revenue consists of sales-based royalties received as part of the consideration for the franchise right, which is calculated as a percentage of the franchisees’ revenue. We recognize royalty fee revenue at the agreed-upon contractual rates over time as the customer revenue is generated by the franchisees. A receivable is recognized for an estimate of the unreported royalty fees, which are reported and remitted to us in arrears.
Costs to Obtain a Contract With a Customer
We capitalize the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer, primarily commissions, as contract assets and recognize the expense on a straight-line basis over a weighted average expected customer relationship period. Capitalized commissions are classified as current or noncurrent based on the timing of when we expect to recognize the expense.
Contract Balances
The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in contract assets and contract liabilities, as further explained below. The timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoicing to customers. If a contract includes a cancellation clause that allows for the termination of the contract by either party without a substantive penalty, then the contract term is limited to the termination notice period.
Contract assets primarily consist of billed trade receivables, unbilled trade receivables, and costs incurred in excess of amounts billed. Billed and unbilled trade receivables represent amounts from work completed in which we have an unconditional right to bill our customer. Costs incurred in excess of amounts billed typically arise when the revenue recognized on projects exceeds the amount billed to the customer. These amounts are transferred to billed trade receivables when the rights become unconditional. Contract assets also include the capitalization of incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer, primarily commissions.
Contract liabilities consist of deferred revenue and advance payments and billings in excess of revenue recognized. We generally classify contract liabilities as current since the related contracts are described below.
|
| |
Contract Type | Description |
Monthly Fixed-Price | These arrangements are contracts in which the client agrees to pay a fixed fee every month over a specified contract term. A variation of a fixed-price arrangement is a square-foot arrangement, under which monthly billings are based on the actual square footage serviced. |
Cost-Plus | These arrangements are contracts in which the clients reimburse us for the agreed-upon amount of wages and benefits, payroll taxes, insurance charges, and other expenses associated with the contracted work, plus a profit margin. |
Tag Services | Tag work generally consists of supplemental services requested by clients outside of the standard service specification and includes cleanup after tenant moves, construction cleanup, flood cleanup, and snow removal. |
Transaction-Price | These are agreements in which the clients are billed for each transaction performed on a monthly basis (e.g., wheelchair passengers served or aircrafts cleaned). |
Hourly | These arrangements are contracts in which the client is billed a set hourly rate for each labor hour provided. |
Management Reimbursement | Under these parking arrangements, we manage a parking facility for a management fee and pass through the revenue and expenses associated with the facility to the owner. These revenues and expenses are reported in equal amounts as costs reimbursed from our managed locations. |
Leased Location | Under these parking arrangements, we generally pay to the property owner a fixed amount of rent, plus a percentage of revenues derived from monthly and transient parkers. We retain all revenues and we are responsible for most operating expenses incurred. |
Allowance | Under these parking arrangements, we are paid a fixed or hourly fee to provide parking services, and we are responsible for certain operating expenses, as specified in the contract. |
Energy Savings Contracts and Fixed-Price Repair and Refurbishment | Under these arrangements, we agree to develop, design, engineer, and construct a project and guarantee that the project will satisfy agreed-upon performance standards. We recognize revenue under certain of these contracts using the percentage-of-completion method of accounting, most often based on the cost-to-cost method, under which revenues are recognized as the work progresses. |
Franchise | We franchise certain engineering services through individual and area franchises under the Linc Service and TEGG brands, which are part of ABM Technical Solutions. |
generally for a period of one year or less. Contract liabilities decrease as we recognize revenue from the satisfaction of the related performance obligation.Management Reimbursement Revenue by Segment
| | | | Years Ended October 31, | | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 | (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Business & Industry | $ | 234.2 |
| | $ | 227.8 |
| | $ | 216.6 |
| Business & Industry | $ | 185.8 | | | $ | 221.4 | | | $ | 283.1 | |
| Aviation | 80.4 |
| | 78.2 |
| | 71.7 |
| Aviation | 54.5 | | | 74.3 | | | 95.5 | |
| Emerging Industries Group | 18.5 |
| | 17.5 |
| | 17.7 |
| |
| Total | $ | 333.2 |
| | $ | 323.4 |
| | $ | 305.9 |
| Total | $ | 240.3 | | | $ | 295.6 | | | $ | 378.7 | |
Restructuring and Related Expenses
We may periodically engage in various restructuring activities intended to drive long-term profitable growth and increase operational efficiency, which can include streamlining and realigning our overall organizational structure and reallocating resources. Our most recent restructuring program was primarily associated with integrating our acquisition of GCA and reorganizing our healthcare business. During 2020 and 2019, restructuring expenses were $7.6 million and $11.2 million, respectively. By the end of 2020, we had substantially completed the restructuring program.
Restructuring and related expenses include employee severance, external support fees, lease exit costs, external support fees, and other costs. Our methodology to record these costs is described below:below.
Severance
As we do not have a past history of consistently providing severance benefits, we recognize severance costs for employees who do not have formal employment agreements when management has committed to a restructuring plan and communicated those actions to impacted employees, such that the employee is able to determine the type and amount of benefits that they will receive upon termination. In addition, if the employees are required to render service beyond the minimum retention period until they are terminated in order to receive the benefits, then a liability
is recognized ratably over the future service period. For employees with employment agreements, we accrue for these separationseverance liabilities when it is probable that the impacted executivesemployee will be entitled to the benefits and the amount can be reasonably estimated.
Noncancelable Leases and Contractual Obligations
We record liabilities when we terminate a contract in accordance with the contract terms or when we exit the leased space. The expense for noncancelable leases is determined based on the fair value of remaining lease payments reduced by the fair value of estimated sublease income that could reasonably be obtained for the property, estimated using a present value technique.
Other
For other costs associated with exit and disposal activities, we recognize an expense at fair value in the period in which the liability is incurred.
Advertising
Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. During 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, and 2015,2019, advertising expense was $2.2$6.2 million, $2.1$1.8 million, and $2.8$1.7 million, respectively.
Share-Based Compensation
Our current share-based awards principally consist of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and various performance share awards. We recognize compensation costs associated with these awards in selling, general and administrative expenses. For RSUs and certain performance share awards, the amount of compensation cost is measured based on the grant-date fair value of the equity instruments issued. Since our total shareholder return (“TSR”) performance share awards are performance awards with a market condition, the compensation costs associated with these awards are determined using a Monte Carlo simulation valuation model. For RSUs and TSR awards, compensation cost is recognized over the period that an employee provides service in exchange for the award. We recognize compensation cost associated with other performance share awards over the requisite service period based on the probability of achievement of performance criteria.
Taxes Collected from Clients and Remitted to Governmental Agencies
We record taxes on client transactions due to governmental agencies as receivables and liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Net Income Per Common Share
Basic net income per common share is net income divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income per common share is based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period, adjusted to include the potential dilution from the conversion of RSUs, vesting of performance shares, and exercise of stock options.
Contingencies and Litigation
We are a party to a number of lawsuits, claims, and proceedings incident to the operation of our business, including those pertaining to labor and employment, contracts, personal injury, and other matters, some of which allege substantial monetary damages. Some of these actions may be brought as class actions on behalf of a class or purported class of employees. We accrue for loss contingencies when losses become probable and are reasonably estimable.
If the reasonable estimate of the loss is a range and no amount within the range is a better estimate, then the minimum amount of the range is recorded as a liability. We recognize legal costs as an expense in the period incurred.
Income Taxes
We account for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amount of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. We measure deferred tax assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates expected to be applied to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered. Deferred tax assets are reviewed for recoverability on a quarterly basis. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to its realizable value unless it is more likely than not that such asset will be realized. We recognize accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense in our consolidated statementsConsolidated Statements of comprehensive income.Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
3. RESTRUCTURING AND RELATED COSTSThe Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326) in June 2016 and subsequently issued these amendments to the initial guidance: ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-04, ASU 2019-05, ASU 2019-11, and ASU 2020-03 (collectively, “Topic 326”). Topic 326 replaces the existing incurred loss impairment model with a methodology that incorporates all expected credit loss estimates, resulting in more timely recognition of losses. Under Topic 326, an organization is required to measure all
expected credit losses for financial assets held at the fourth quarterreporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that affect the collectability of 2015, our Boardthe reported financial assets. It also requires credit losses related to available-for-sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses. We adopted this standard effective November 1, 2020, on a modified retrospective basis. The asset and liability classes that we have identified to be in the scope of Directors approved a comprehensive strategy intended toTopic 326 at the time of the adoption are trade accounts receivable, costs incurred in excess of amounts billed, guarantees, reinsurance recoverables, and notes receivable. The adoption of this standard did not have a positive transformative effectmaterial impact on ABM (the “2020Vision”). As partour consolidated financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract. This accounting update aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The guidance also specifies that the presentation of capitalized implementation costs and the related amortization on the balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows should align with the presentation of the 2020Vision, we identified key priorities to differentiate ABM inhosting (service) element of the marketplace, accelerate revenue growth for certain industry groups, and improvearrangement. We adopted this standard effective November 1, 2020, on a prospective basis. The adoption of the standard did not have a material impact on our margin profile. consolidated financial statements.
No other recently adopted accounting standards have had a significant impact on our fiscal 2021 consolidated financial statements
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
We do not expect any recently issued accounting pronouncements to incur significant 2020Vision restructuringhave a material impact on our consolidated financial statements and related expenses in the future. Asdisclosures.
3. REVENUES
Disaggregation of Revenues
We generate revenues under several types of contracts, which are further described in Note 18,2, “Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies.” Generally, the type of contract is determined by the nature of the services provided by each of our major service lines throughout our reportable segments; therefore, we disaggregate revenues from contracts with customers into major service lines. We have determined that disaggregating revenues into these categories best depicts how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Our reportable segments are B&I, T&M, Education, Aviation, and Technical Solutions, as described in Note 17, “Segment and Geographic Information,Information.”
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended October 31, 2021 |
| (in millions) | | B&I | | T&M | | Education | | Aviation | | Technical Solutions | | Total |
| Major Service Line | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Janitorial(1) | | $ | 2,651.7 | | | $ | 790.5 | | | $ | 730.8 | | | $ | 117.2 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 4,290.3 | |
Parking(2) | | 296.9 | | | 39.8 | | | 0.9 | | | 261.8 | | | — | | | 599.4 | |
Facility Services(3) | | 397.4 | | | 156.8 | | | 104.7 | | | 28.9 | | | — | | | 687.8 | |
Building & Energy Solutions(4) | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 534.0 | | | 534.0 | |
Airline Services(5) | | 0.5 | | | — | | | — | | | 260.9 | | | — | | | 261.4 | |
| | $ | 3,346.5 | | | $ | 987.1 | | | $ | 836.4 | | | $ | 668.8 | | | $ | 534.0 | | | $ | 6,372.9 | |
| Elimination of inter-segment revenues | | | | | | | | | | | | (144.2) | |
| Total | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 6,228.6 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended October 31, 2020 |
| (in millions) | | B&I | | T&M | | Education | | Aviation | | Technical Solutions | | Total |
| Major Service Line | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Janitorial(1) | | $ | 2,420.4 | | | $ | 770.9 | | | $ | 716.5 | | | $ | 121.2 | | | $ | — | | | $ | 4,029.0 | |
Parking(2) | | 362.8 | | | 33.5 | | | 1.8 | | | 255.9 | | | — | | | 654.0 | |
Facility Services(3) | | 374.1 | | | 151.6 | | | 90.5 | | | 31.6 | | | — | | | 647.9 | |
Building & Energy Solutions(4) | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 506.6 | | | 506.6 | |
Airline Services(5) | | 0.4 | | | — | | | — | | | 272.2 | | | — | | | 272.6 | |
| | $ | 3,157.8 | | | $ | 956.0 | | | $ | 808.8 | | | $ | 680.9 | | | $ | 506.6 | | | $ | 6,110.0 | |
| Elimination of inter-segment revenues | | | | | | | | | | | | (122.4) | |
| Total | | | | | | | | | | | | $ | 5,987.6 | |
(1) Janitorial arrangements provide a wide range of essential cleaning services for commercial office buildings, airports and other transportation centers, educational institutions, government buildings, health facilities, industrial buildings, retail stores, and stadiums and arenas. These arrangements are often structured as monthly fixed-price, square-foot, cost-plus, and work order contracts.
(2) Parking arrangements provide parking and transportation services for clients at various locations, including airports and other transportation centers, commercial office buildings, educational institutions, health facilities, hotels, and stadiums and arenas. These arrangements are structured as management reimbursement, leased location, and allowance contracts. Certain of these arrangements are considered service concession agreements and are accounted for under the guidance of Topic 853; accordingly, rent expense related to these arrangements is recorded as a reduction of the related parking service revenues.
(3) Facility Services arrangements provide onsite mechanical engineering and technical services and solutions relating to a broad range of facilities and infrastructure systems that are designed to extend the useful life of facility fixed assets, improve equipment operating efficiencies, reduce energy consumption, lower overall operational costs for clients, and enhance the sustainability of client locations. These arrangements are generally structured as monthly fixed-price, cost-plus, and work order contracts.
(4) Building & Energy Solutions arrangements provide custom energy solutions, electrical, HVAC, lighting, electric vehicle charging station installation, and other general maintenance and repair services for clients in the public and private sectors and are generally structured as Energy Savings and Fixed-Price Repair and Refurbishment contracts. We also franchise certain operations under franchise agreements relating to our Linc Network and TEGG brands pursuant to franchise contracts.
(5) Airline Services arrangements support airlines and airports with services such as passenger assistance, catering logistics, and airplane cabin maintenance. These arrangements are often structured as monthly fixed-price, cost-plus, transaction price, and hourly contracts.
Remaining Performance Obligations
At October 31, 2021, performance obligations that were unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied for which we expect to recognize revenue totaled $307.2 million. We expect to recognize revenue on approximately 79% of the remaining performance obligations over the next 12 months, with the remainder recognized thereafter, based on our estimates of project timing.
These amounts exclude variable consideration primarily related to: (i) contracts where we have determined that the contract consists of a series of distinct service periods and revenues are based on future performance that cannot be estimated at contract inception; (ii) parking contracts where we and the customer share the gross revenues or operating profit for the location; and (iii) contracts where transaction prices include restructuringperformance incentives that are based on future performance and relatedtherefore cannot be estimated at contract inception. We apply the practical expedient that permits exclusion of information about the remaining performance obligations with original expected durations of one year or less.
Contract Balances
The following tables present the balances in our contract assets and contract liabilities:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | | October 31, 2021 | | October 31, 2020 |
| Contract assets | | | | |
Billed trade receivables(1) | | $ | 1,057.6 | | | $ | 835.8 | |
Unbilled trade receivables(1) | | 112.1 | | | 53.9 | |
Costs incurred in excess of amounts billed(2) | | 52.5 | | | 52.2 | |
Capitalized commissions(3) | | 27.8 | | | 25.2 | |
(1) Included in trade accounts receivable, net, on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fluctuations correlate directly to the execution of new customer contracts and to invoicing and collections from customers in the normal course of business.
(2) Fluctuation is primarily due to the timing of payments on our contracts measured using the cost-to-cost method of revenue recognition.
(3) Included in other current assets and other noncurrent assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the year ended October 31, 2021, we capitalized$16.3 million of new costs within corporate expenses.and amortized $13.7 million of previously capitalized costs. There was no impairment loss recorded on the costs capitalized.
Rollforward of Restructuring and Related Liabilities | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | | Year Ended
October 31, 2021 |
Contract liabilities(1) | | |
| Balance at beginning of year | | $ | 36.4 | |
| Additional contract liabilities | | 248.9 | |
| Recognition of deferred revenue | | (226.8) | |
| Balance at end of year | | $ | 58.5 | |
(1) Included in other accrued liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | | External Support Fees | | Employee Severance | | Other Project Fees | | Lease Exit | | Asset Impairment | | Total |
| Balance, October 31, 2014 | | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
|
| Costs recognized | | 4.6 |
| | 4.7 |
| | 0.8 |
| | — |
| | 2.6 |
| | 12.7 |
|
| Payments | | (2.5 | ) | | (0.4 | ) | | (0.4 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (3.3 | ) |
| Non-cash items | | — |
| | — |
| | (0.2 | ) | | — |
| | (2.6 | ) | | (2.8 | ) |
| Balance, October 31, 2015 | | $ | 2.1 |
| | $ | 4.3 |
| | $ | 0.2 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 6.6 |
|
| Costs recognized | | 11.3 |
| | 8.6 |
| | 3.9 |
| | 3.2 |
| | 2.1 |
| | 29.0 |
|
| Payments | | (12.2 | ) | | (9.1 | ) | | (3.6 | ) | | (0.3 | ) | | — |
| | (25.2 | ) |
| Non-cash items | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (0.4 | ) | | (2.1 | ) | | (2.5 | ) |
| Balance, October 31, 2016 | | $ | 1.2 |
| | $ | 3.8 |
| | $ | 0.5 |
| | $ | 2.5 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 8.0 |
|
| Costs recognized | | 12.1 |
| | 0.5 |
| | 5.7 |
| | 2.6 |
| | — |
| | 20.9 |
|
| Payments | | (10.8 | ) | | (3.3 | ) | | (5.8 | ) | | (3.1 | ) | | — |
| | (23.0 | ) |
| Non-cash items | | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 0.9 |
| | — |
| | 0.9 |
|
| Balance, October 31, 2017 | | $ | 2.5 |
| | $ | 1.0 |
| | $ | 0.4 |
| | $ | 2.8 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 6.7 |
|
We have incurred cumulative 2020Vision restructuring and related charges of $62.5 million, including external support fees of $28.0 million, employee severance costs of $13.8 million, other project fees of $10.4 million, lease exit costs of $5.7 million, and asset impairment costs of $4.7 million.
4. ACQUISITIONS
Acquisition of GCA Services Group during 2017Able
On September 1, 2017,30, 2021, we acquired all ofcompleted the outstanding stock of GCA Holding Corp., the indirect parent company of GCA Services Group (“GCA”),Able Acquisition for a provider of integrated facility services to educational institutions and commercial facilities, for anet cash purchase price of $741.7 million. Pursuant to the terms of the purchase agreement, approximately $1.3 billion. As$12.1 million of the cash consideration was placed into escrow accounts, of which approximately $8.2 million was placed into escrow to satisfy any applicable indemnification claims for a resultperiod of 12 months. To fund the cash purchase price, we used cash on hand and borrowed $325.0 million on September 30, 2021, at an average interest rate of 1.58% from our revolving line of credit.
Preliminary Acquisition Accounting
The assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recognized at their acquisition date fair values. The acquisition accounting is subject to change as the Company obtains additional information during the measurement period about the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition we are now a leading facility solutions provider indate. The final acquisition accounting may include changes to customer relationships, goodwill, deferred taxes, legal matters, insurance claims reserves, and other liabilities. Goodwill arising from the Education market. As of September 1, 2017,Able Acquisition is not deductible for tax reporting purposes.
The following table summarizes the operations of GCA are included in our GCA Services segment.
Consideration Transferred |
| | | | |
| (in millions, except per share data) | | |
Shares of ABM common stock, net of shares withheld for taxes(1) | | 9.4 |
|
| ABM common stock closing market price at acquisition date | | $ | 44.63 |
|
| Fair value of ABM common stock at closing | | 421.3 |
|
| Cash consideration | | 839.9 |
|
| Total consideration transferred | | $ | 1,261.3 |
|
(1)Certain of these shares are subject to registration rights.
Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation
Our preliminary purchase price allocation isacquisition accounting based on information that is currently available and we are continuing to evaluate the underlying inputs and assumptions used in our valuations. Accordingly, consideration and purchase price allocations are subject to, among other items: working capital adjustments; further analysis of tax accounts, including deferred tax liabilities; and final valuation of identifiable intangible assets.information:
| | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | | |
| | |
| | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 31.5 | |
Trade accounts receivable(1) | | 159.3 | |
| Other assets | | 24.9 | |
Customer relationships(2) | | 220.0 | |
Trade names(2) | | 10.0 | |
Goodwill(3) | | 554.0 | |
| Trade accounts payable | | (27.0) | |
| Accrued compensation | | (38.2) | |
| Insurance claims | | (91.6) | |
| Other liabilities | | (41.7) | |
| Deferred income tax liability, net | | (59.5) | |
| Net assets acquired | | $ | 741.7 | |
|
| | | | |
| (in millions) | | |
| Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 2.5 |
|
Trade accounts receivable(1) | | 118.1 |
|
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | 10.3 |
|
| Property, plant and equipment | | 41.4 |
|
Customer relationships(2) | | 340.0 |
|
Trade name(2) | | 9.0 |
|
Goodwill(3) | | 933.9 |
|
| Other assets | | 4.2 |
|
| Trade accounts payable | | (9.1 | ) |
| Insurance reserves | | (35.5 | ) |
| Income taxes payable | | (16.5 | ) |
| Accrued liabilities | | (36.5 | ) |
| Deferred income tax liability, net | | (92.6 | ) |
| Other liabilities | | (8.1 | ) |
| Net assets acquired | | $ | 1,261.3 |
|
(1) The gross amount of trade accounts receivable was $122.0$160.6 million, of which $3.9$1.4 million is expected to be uncollectible.was deemed uncollectible at October 31, 2021.
(2) The amortization periods for the acquired intangible assets are 15 years for customer contractsrelationships and 2 years for trade names.
(3)Goodwill is largely attributable to value we expect to obtain from long-term business growth, the established workforce, and buyer-specific synergies. This goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes.
Pro Forma Financial Information
The Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2021, includes $101.1 million of revenue and $4.4 million of net income attributable to the operations of Able since the acquisition date. The operations of Able are included in our B&I segment.
The following table presents our unaudited pro forma results for 20172021 and 20162020 as though the GCA acquisitionAble Acquisition occurred on November 1, 2015. The pro forma2019. These results include adjustments for the estimated amortization of intangible assets, interest expense, and the income tax impact of the pro forma adjustments at the statutory rate of 41%28%. These unaudited pro forma results do not reflect the cost of integration activities or benefits from expected revenue enhancements and synergies. Accordingly, the unaudited pro forma information is not necessarily indicative of the results that would have been achieved if the acquisition had been effective on November 1, 2015.
|
| | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Revenue | $ | 6,293.0 |
| | $ | 6,153.6 |
|
| Net income (loss) from continuing operations | 90.4 |
| | (0.6 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
| Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2021 | 2020 |
| Pro forma revenue | $ | 7,223.2 | | $ | 7,078.2 | |
Pro forma income (loss) from continuing operations(1) | 139.1 | | (7.9) | |
(1) These unaudited pro forma results were adjusted to exclude $24.2$17.3 million of acquisition-related costs incurred during 2017,2021, which are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statementsConsolidated Statements of comprehensive income.Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Other 2017 Acquisitions
Effective December 1, 2016, we acquired all
5. LEASES
The components of lease assets and liabilities and their classification on our Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | | Classification | | October 31, 2021 | | October 31, 2020 |
| Lease assets | | | | | | |
| Operating leases | | Right-of-use assets | | $ | 126.5 | | | $ | 143.1 | |
| Finance leases | | Property, plant and equipment, net(1) | | 3.7 | | | 6.1 | |
| Total lease assets | | | | $ | 130.2 | | | $ | 149.2 | |
| | | | | | |
| Lease liabilities | | | | | | |
| Current liabilities | | | | | | |
| Operating leases | | Current portion of lease liabilities | | $ | 31.8 | | | $ | 35.0 | |
| Finance leases | | Other accrued liabilities | | 0.4 | | | 2.3 | |
| Noncurrent liabilities | | | | | | |
| Operating leases | | Long-term lease liabilities | | 116.6 | | | 131.4 | |
| Finance leases | | Other noncurrent liabilities | | 2.0 | | | 2.8 | |
| Total lease liabilities | | | | $ | 150.8 | | | $ | 171.4 | |
(1) Finance lease assets are recorded net of accumulated amortization of $16.3 million and $13.6 million as of October 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020, respectively.
The components of lease costs and classification within the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) were as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | | Year Ended
October 31, 2021 | | Years Ended
October 31, 2020 |
| Operating lease costs: | | | | |
Operating expenses(1)(2) | | $ | 51.9 | | | $ | 67.9 | |
Selling, general and administrative expenses(3) | | 25.3 | | | 28.5 | |
| Finance lease costs: | | | | |
Operating expenses(4) | | 2.5 | | | 3.5 | |
| | | | |
Interest expense(5) | | 0.5 | | | 0.5 | |
| Total lease costs | | $ | 80.2 | | | $ | 100.4 | |
(1) Related to certain parking arrangements.
(2) Includes short-term lease costs and variable lease costs.
(3) Includes short-term lease costs.
(4) Represents amortization of leased assets.
(5) Interest on lease liabilities.
The following table presents information on short-term and variable lease costs:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | | Year Ended
October 31, 2021 | | Year Ended
October 31, 2020 |
| Short-term lease costs | | $ | 34.8 | | | $ | 47.0 | |
| Variable lease costs | | 3.7 | | | 3.5 | |
| Total short-term and variable lease costs | | $ | 38.5 | | | $ | 50.5 | |
Sublease income generated during the year ended October 31, 2021, was immaterial. We continue to monitor the impact of the outstanding stock of Mechanical Solutions, Inc. (“MSI”), a provider of specialized HVAC, chiller, and plumbing services, for a purchase price of $12.6 million. The purchase price includes up to $1.0 million of undiscounted contingent consideration that is basedPandemic on the expected achievement of certain pre-established revenue goals. See Note 7, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” regarding our valuation of contingent consideration liabilities. As of December 1, 2016, the operations of MSI are included in our Technical Solutions segment.
Effective December 1, 2016, we also acquired all of the outstanding stock of OFJ Connections Ltd (“OFJ”), a provider of airport transportation services in the United Kingdom, for a purchase price of $6.3 million. As of December 1, 2016, the operations of OFJ are included in our Aviation segment.
2016 Acquisitions
Effective September 30, 2016, we acquired all of the outstanding stock of BRBIBR Limited, a company which held all of the outstanding shares of 8 Solutions Ltd. (“8 Solutions”), a provider of technical cleaning services to data centers in the United Kingdom and certain other locations, for a purchase price of $16.1 million. As of September 30, 2016, the operations of 8 Solutions are included in our Business & Industry segment, and 8 Solutions has been renamed “ABM Critical Solutions Limited.”
Effective December 1, 2015, we acquired all of the outstanding stock of Westway Services Holdings (2014) Ltd. (“Westway”), a provider of technical services to clients in the United Kingdom, for a purchase price of $81.0 million. This acquisition expanded the geographical reach of our technical solutions business to the United Kingdom, resulting in the allocation of a significant portion of the purchase price to goodwill. As such, we recorded goodwill and intangible assets of $53.8 million and $22.5 million, respectively. The goodwill associated with this acquisition is not deductible for tax purposes. As of December 1, 2015, the operations of Westway are included in our Technical Solutions segment.
2015 Acquisition
Effective May 1, 2015, we acquired certain assets and assumed certain liabilities of CTS Services/Facility Support Services (“CTS”), a provider of HVAC services and energy solutions in government, commercial, and industrial buildings, for a purchase price of $18.8 million. The purchase price included contingent consideration of $3.8 million that was based on the expected achievement of certain pre-established revenue goals. During 2017 the revenue-related target was achieved, resulting in payment to the seller. As of May 1, 2015, the operations of CTS are included in our Technical Solutions segment.
Pro Forma and Other Financial Information
Except for GCA,subleases; however, we do not expect a significant impact.
The amounts of future undiscounted cash flows related to the lease payments over the lease terms and the reconciliation to the present pro forma and other financial information for our other acquisitions, as they are not considered material business combinations individually or on a combined basis.
5. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
On October 26, 2015, in connection with our 2020Vision, we sold substantially allvalue of the lease liabilities as recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 31, 2021, are as follows:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | | Operating
Lease Liabilities | | Finance
Lease Liabilities | | Total |
| Fiscal 2022 | | $ | 37.2 | | | $ | 1.7 | | | $ | 38.9 | |
| Fiscal 2023 | | 32.1 | | | 0.9 | | | 33.0 | |
| Fiscal 2024 | | 27.2 | | | — | | | 27.2 | |
| Fiscal 2025 | | 21.1 | | | — | | | 21.1 | |
| Fiscal 2026 | | 18.7 | | | — | | | 18.7 | |
| Thereafter | | 31.6 | | | — | | | 31.6 | |
| Total lease payments | | 168.0 | | | 2.6 | | | 170.6 | |
| Less: imputed interest | | 19.6 | | | 0.2 | | | 19.8 | |
| Present value of lease liabilities | | $ | 148.4 | | | $ | 2.4 | | | $ | 150.8 | |
Future sublease rental income was excluded for the periods shown above as the amounts are immaterial.
We have entered into operating lease arrangements as of October 31, 2021, that are effective for future periods. The total amount of ROU assets and lease liabilities related to these arrangements is immaterial.
The following table includes the weighted-average remaining lease terms, in years, and the weighted-average discount rate used to calculate the present value of our Security businessoperating lease liabilities:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended
October 31, 2021 | | Year Ended
October 31, 2020 |
| Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) | | | | |
| Operating leases | | 5.7 | | 6.1 |
| Finance leases | | 1.5 | | 2.0 |
| Weighted-average discount rate | | | | |
| Operating leases | | 4.11 | % | | 4.14 | % |
| Finance leases | | 4.78 | % | | 4.55 | % |
The following table includes supplemental cash and non-cash information related to Universal Protection Service, L.P. for cash proceeds of $131.0 million, subject to a working capital adjustment. In connectionoperating leases:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | | | | Year Ended
October 31, 2021 | | Year Ended
October 31, 2020 |
| Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities | | | | | | |
| Operating cash flows from operating leases | | | | $ | 38.9 | | | $ | 44.8 | |
| Operating cash flows from finance leases | | | | 0.5 | | | 0.5 | |
| Financing cash flows from finance leases | | | | 2.8 | | | 3.4 | |
Lease assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities(1) | | | | 20.6 | | | 15.7 | |
| | | | | | |
(1) Excludes the amount initially capitalized in 2020 in conjunction with the sale, we recorded a $23.6 million gain, which was subsequently reduced by a $3.1 million working capital adjustment in 2016. Following the sale, we record all costs associated with this former business in discontinued operations. Such costs generally relate to litigation we retained and insurance reserves. In 2017, we incurred a net loss from discontinued operationsadoption of $74.3 million (a pretax loss of $123.7 million). As described in Note 14, “Commitments and Contingencies,” this loss primarily relates to the settlements of the Augustus and Karapetyan cases.Topic 842.
6. NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE
Basic and Diluted Net Income Per Common Share Calculations
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 126.3 | | | $ | 0.2 | | | $ | 127.5 | |
| Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes | — | | | 0.1 | | | (0.1) | |
| Net income | $ | 126.3 | | | $ | 0.3 | | | $ | 127.4 | |
| | | | | |
Weighted-average common and common equivalent
shares outstanding — Basic | 67.4 | | | 66.9 | | | 66.6 | |
| Effect of dilutive securities | | | | | |
| RSUs | 0.3 | | | 0.1 | | | 0.2 | |
| Stock options | — | | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | |
| Performance shares | 0.2 | | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | |
Weighted-average common and common equivalent
shares outstanding — Diluted | 68.0 | | | 67.3 | | | 66.9 | |
| | | | | |
| Net income per common share — Basic | | | | | |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 1.87 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | 1.92 | |
| Income from discontinued operations | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Net income | $ | 1.87 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | 1.91 | |
| | | | | |
| Net income per common share — Diluted | | | | | |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 1.86 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | 1.91 | |
| Income from discontinued operations | — | | | — | | | — | |
| Net income | $ | 1.86 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | 1.90 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 78.1 |
| | $ | 62.3 |
| | $ | 54.1 |
|
| (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of taxes | (74.3 | ) | | (5.1 | ) | | 22.2 |
|
| Net income | $ | 3.8 |
| | $ | 57.2 |
| | $ | 76.3 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Weighted-average common and common equivalent shares outstanding — Basic | 57.7 |
| | 56.3 |
| | 56.7 |
|
| Effect of dilutive securities | |
| | | |
| RSUs | 0.3 |
| | 0.3 |
| | 0.3 |
|
| Stock options | 0.2 |
| | 0.2 |
| | 0.3 |
|
| Performance shares | 0.1 |
| | 0.1 |
| | 0.1 |
|
| Weighted-average common and common equivalent shares outstanding — Diluted | 58.3 |
| | 56.9 |
| | 57.4 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Net income per common share — Basic | | | | | |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 1.35 |
| | $ | 1.11 |
| | $ | 0.95 |
|
| (Loss) income from discontinued operations | (1.29 | ) | | (0.09 | ) | | 0.40 |
|
| Net income | $ | 0.07 |
| | $ | 1.02 |
| | $ | 1.35 |
|
| | | | | | |
| Net income per common share — Diluted | | | | | |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 1.34 |
| | $ | 1.09 |
| | $ | 0.94 |
|
| (Loss) income from discontinued operations | (1.27 | ) | | (0.09 | ) | | 0.39 |
|
| Net income | $ | 0.07 |
| | $ | 1.01 |
| | $ | 1.33 |
|
Anti-Dilutive Outstanding Stock Awards Issued Under Share-Based Compensation Plans
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Anti-dilutive | — | | | 0.4 | | | 0.3 | |
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| Anti-dilutive | — |
| | 0.1 |
| | 0.2 |
|
7. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Fair Value Hierarchy of Our Financial Instruments
Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | As of October 31, |
| (in millions) | Fair Value Hierarchy | | 2021 | | 2020 |
Cash and cash equivalents(1) | 1 | | $ | 62.8 | | | $ | 394.2 | |
Insurance deposits(2) | 1 | | 0.7 | | | 0.7 | |
Assets held in funded deferred compensation plan(3) | 1 | | 4.9 | | | 2.6 | |
Credit facility(4) | 2 | | 888.8 | | | 725.3 | |
Interest rate swap liabilities(5) | 2 | | 4.6 | | | 15.5 | |
| | | | | |
|
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | As of October 31, |
| (in millions) | Fair Value Hierarchy | | 2017 | | 2016 |
Cash and cash equivalents(1) | 1 | | $ | 62.8 |
| | $ | 53.5 |
|
Insurance deposits(2) | 1 | | 11.2 |
| | 11.2 |
|
Assets held in funded deferred compensation plan(3) | 1 | | 4.6 |
| | 4.9 |
|
Credit facility(4) | 2 | | 1,191.2 |
| | 268.3 |
|
Interest rate swaps(5) | 2 | | 2.9 |
| | 0.2 |
|
Investments in auction rate securities(6) | 3 | | 8.0 |
| | 8.0 |
|
Contingent consideration liability(7) | 3 | | 0.9 |
| | 3.8 |
|
(1)Cash and cash equivalents are stated at nominal value, which equals fair value.
(2) Represents restricted deposits that are used to collateralize our insurance obligations and are stated at nominal value, which equals fair value. These insurance deposits are included in “Other noncurrent assets” on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 11,10, “Insurance,” for further information.
(3) Represents investments held in a Rabbi trusttrusts associated with onetwo of our deferred compensation plans, which we include in “Other noncurrent assets” on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair value of the assets held in the funded deferred compensation plan is based on quoted market prices. See Note 13,12, “Employee Benefit Plans,” for further information.
(4)Represents gross outstanding borrowings under our syndicated line of credit and term loan. Due to variable interest rates, the carrying value of outstanding borrowings under our line of credit and term loan approximates the fair value. See Note 12,11, “Credit Facility,” for further information.
(5)Represents interest rate swap derivatives designated as cash flow hedges. The fair values of the interest rate swaps are estimated based on the present value of the difference between expected cash flows calculated at the contracted interest rates and the expected cash flows at current market interest rates using observable benchmarks for LIBORthe London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) forward rates at the end of the period. TheseAt October 31, 2021 and 2020, our interest rate swaps are included in “Other accrued liabilities” and “Other noncurrent assets”liabilities,” respectively, on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 12,11, “Credit Facility,” for further information.
(6) The fair value of investments in auction rate securities is based on discounted cash flow valuation models, primarily utilizing unobservable inputs, including assumptions about the underlying collateral, credit risks associated with the issuer, credit enhancements associated with financial insurance guarantees, and the possibility of the security being re-financed by the issuer or having a successful auction. These amounts are included in “Other investments” on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. See Note 8, “Auction Rate Securities,” for further information.
(7) Certain of our acquisitions involve the payment of contingent consideration. The fair value of these liabilities is based on the expected achievement of certain pre-established revenue goals. At October 31, 2016, we had one contingent consideration liability included in “Other accrued liabilities” on2021 and 2020, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. During 2017 the revenue-related target for that acquisition was achieved, resulting in the payment of $3.8 million to the seller. In connection with the MSI acquisition, we recorded one new contingent consideration liability during 2017, which is included in “Other noncurrent liabilities” on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
During 2017 and 2016, weCompany had no transfers offinancial assets or liabilities between any of the above hierarchy levels.recorded at fair value using Level 3 inputs, and there were no transfers to or from Level 3 financial assets or liabilities during 2021 and one such transfer during 2020.
Non-Financial Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis
During 2016,In addition to assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, we recorded impairment charges of $22.5 million, including bothare also required to measure certain items at fair value on a non-recurring basis. These assets can include: goodwill; intangible assets; property, plant and equipment; lease-related ROU assets; and long-lived asset and goodwill impairment charges associated with the classification of the former Government Services business asassets that have been reduced to fair value when they are held for sale. If certain triggering events occur or if an annual impairment test is required, we would evaluate these non-financial assets for impairment. If an impairment were to occur, the asset would be recorded at the estimated fair value, using primarily unobservable Level 3 inputs.
During the third quarter of 2021, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge totaling $9.1 million in our Corporate segment for previously capitalized internal-use software related to our Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) system implementation. The Company determined that certain components that were previously developed would no longer be implemented. The impairment charge reduced the carrying value to zero for those components and is recorded in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” on our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the year ended October 31, 2021.
During the second quarter of 2017,2020, given the general deterioration in economic and market conditions arising from the Pandemic, we received an offer fromidentified a strategic buyer to purchase the Government Services business for approximately $35.0 million, which was higher than our previous estimatetriggering event indicating possible impairment of fair value less costs to sell. As a result,goodwill and intangible assets, and we recorded a $17.4 million impairment recovery to adjust thecharges on goodwill and customer relationships. The fair value of certain previously impaired assets to the valuation of the assets as implied by the agreed-upon sales price, less estimated costs to sell. The initial measurement of the impairment and subsequent recovery representedthese items was determined based on unobservable Level 3 inputs under the fair value hierarchy.
In addition, on November 1, 2016, we reorganized our reportable segments and goodwill reporting units. In connection with this reorganization, we performed a goodwill impairment test immediately before and after the segment realignment. We estimated theinputs. The fair value of goodwill was determined using thea weighting of fair values derived from an income approach and a market approaches, which utilize expected cash flows using Level 3 inputs. This analysis required the exercise of significant judgments, including the identification of reporting units as well as the evaluation of recent indicators of market activity, estimated future cash flows, discount rates, and other factors. As a result of this analysis, we concluded that the estimatedapproach. The fair value of each reporting unit substantially exceeded its carrying valuecustomer relationships
was determined based on discounted cash flows associated with the customer relationships that include significant management assumptions, including expected proceeds. See Note 9, “Goodwill and that noOther Intangible Assets,” for further evaluation of impairment was necessary. information.
8. AUCTION RATE SECURITIES
At October 31, 2017 and 2016, we held investments in auction rate securities from two different issuers that had an aggregate original principal amount of $10.0 million and an amortized cost and fair value of $8.0 million. These two auction rate securities are debt instruments with stated maturities in 2036 and 2050. The interest rates for these securities are designed to be reset through Dutch auctions approximately every thirty days, but auctions for these securities have not occurred since August 2007.
At October 31, 2017 and 2016, there were no unrealized gains or losses on our auction rate securities included in AOCL and the total amount of other-than-temporary impairment credit loss on our auction rate security investments included in our retained earnings was $2.0 million.
Significant Assumptions Used to Determine the Fair Values of Our Auction Rate Securities
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT |
| | | | |
Assumption | | October 31, 2017 | | October 31, 2016 |
Discount rates | | L + 0.42% and L + 0.79% | | L + 0.46% and L + 1.30% |
Yields | | 2.15%, L + 2.00% | | 2.15%, L + 2.00% |
Average expected lives | | 4 – 10 years | | 4 – 10 years |
L – One Month LIBOR
9. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, Plant and Equipment | | | | As of October 31, | | As of October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Machinery and other equipment | $ | 89.5 |
| | $ | 74.5 |
| Machinery and other equipment | $ | 148.9 | | | $ | 137.0 | |
| Computer equipment and software | 70.2 |
| | 92.5 |
| Computer equipment and software | 97.2 | | | 101.2 | |
| Transportation equipment | 48.0 |
| | 23.5 |
| Transportation equipment | 57.9 | | | 57.7 | |
| Leasehold improvements | 47.1 |
| | 33.2 |
| Leasehold improvements | 59.6 | | | 57.1 | |
| Furniture and fixtures | 13.6 |
| | 11.3 |
| Furniture and fixtures | 14.6 | | | 13.7 | |
| Buildings | 10.0 |
| | 9.3 |
| Buildings | 7.7 | | | 7.6 | |
| Land | 1.2 |
| | 0.9 |
| Land | 0.7 | | | 0.7 | |
| | 279.5 |
| | 245.2 |
| | 386.6 | | | 375.0 | |
Less: Accumulated depreciation(1) | 136.4 |
| | 163.4 |
| Less: Accumulated depreciation(1) | 274.7 | | | 241.3 | |
| Total | $ | 143.1 |
| | $ | 81.8 |
| Total | $ | 111.9 | | | $ | 133.7 | |
(1)For 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, and 2015,2019, depreciation expense was $38.5$45.0 million, $32.6$48.0 million, and $32.8$48.9 million, respectively.
CapitalFinance Leases Included in Property, Plant and Equipment
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Transportation equipment | $ | 19.8 | | | $ | 19.4 | |
| Furniture and fixtures | 0.2 | | | 0.2 | |
| | | |
| | | |
| 20.0 | | | 19.7 | |
| Less: Accumulated depreciation | 16.3 | | | 13.6 | |
| Total | $ | 3.7 | | | $ | 6.1 | |
|
| | | | | | | |
| | As of October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Transportation equipment | $ | 19.4 |
| | $ | 6.6 |
|
| Machinery and other equipment | 0.3 |
| | 1.0 |
|
| Furniture and fixtures | 0.2 |
| | 0.5 |
|
| Computer equipment and software | 0.1 |
| | 0.2 |
|
| 20.0 |
| | 8.2 |
|
| Less: Accumulated depreciation | 7.6 |
| | 6.9 |
|
| Total | $ | 12.4 |
| | $ | 1.3 |
|
10.9. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | Business & Industry | | Aviation | | Emerging Industries Group | | Technical Solutions | | GCA Services | | Government Services | | Total |
| Balance at October 31, 2015 | $ | 463.0 |
| | $ | 119.5 |
| | $ | 152.8 |
| | $ | 126.1 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 6.0 |
| | $ | 867.5 |
|
Acquisitions(1) | 10.1 |
| | 1.0 |
| — |
| — |
| | 53.7 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 64.8 |
|
| Foreign currency translation | (2.9 | ) | | (0.6 | ) | — |
| — |
| | (10.1 | ) | | — |
| | — |
| | (13.6 | ) |
| Impairment loss | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | — |
| | (6.0 | ) | | (6.0 | ) |
| Balance at October 31, 2016 | $ | 470.2 |
| | $ | 120.0 |
| | $ | 152.8 |
| | $ | 169.8 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 912.8 |
|
Acquisitions(2) | 0.9 |
| | 3.8 |
| — |
| — |
| | 6.4 |
| | 933.9 |
| | — |
| | 945.0 |
|
| Foreign currency translation | 2.2 |
| | 0.4 |
| — |
| — |
| | 3.8 |
| | — |
| | — |
| | 6.4 |
|
| Balance at October 31, 2017 | $ | 473.3 |
| | $ | 124.2 |
| | $ | 152.8 |
| | $ | 180.0 |
| | $ | 933.9 |
| | $ | — |
| | $ | 1,864.2 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | Business & Industry | | Technology & Manufacturing | | Education | | Aviation | | Technical Solutions | | Total |
| Balance at October 31, 2019 | $ | 573.9 | | | $ | 407.2 | | | $ | 558.6 | | | $ | 125.0 | | | $ | 170.7 | | | $ | 1,835.4 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Foreign currency translation | 0.1 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | (0.3) | | | (0.2) | |
Impairment(1) | — | | | — | | | (99.3) | | | (55.5) | | | (9.0) | | | (163.8) | |
| Balance at October 31, 2020 | $ | 574.0 | | | $ | 407.2 | | | $ | 459.3 | | | $ | 69.5 | | | $ | 161.5 | | | $ | 1,671.4 | |
Acquisition(2) | 554.0 | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | — | | | 554.0 | |
| Foreign currency translation | 1.8 | | | — | | | — | | | 0.4 | | | 1.2 | | | 3.4 | |
| Balance at October 31, 2021 | $ | 1,129.8 | | | $ | 407.2 | | | $ | 459.3 | | | $ | 69.9 | | | $ | 162.7 | | | $ | 2,228.9 | |
(1) The impairment charge is included in “Impairment loss” on our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the year ended October 31, 2020, and is not tax deductible.
(2)During 2016,2021, goodwill primarily increased as a result of the acquisitions of Westway and 8 Solutions.Able Acquisition. See Note 4, “Acquisitions,” for additional information.
(2) During 2017,the second quarter of 2020, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge totaling $163.8 million in 3 goodwill primarily increasedreporting units ($99.3 million related to Education, $55.5 million related to Aviation, and $9.0 million related to our U.K. Technical Solutions business) as part of an interim impairment test performed as a result of a triggering event arising from the Pandemic. The fair values of the goodwill reporting units were determined using a combination of the market approach and income approach. The market approach estimates the fair value of a reporting unit by using market comparables for reasonably similar public companies and a control premium. The income approach estimates fair value of a reporting unit by using discounted cash flows that include significant management assumptions, such as revenue growth rates, operating margins, weighted average cost of capital, and future economic and operating conditions. We did not record goodwill impairment charges during fiscal year 2021.
Other Intangible Assets
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| October 31, 2021 | | October 31, 2020 |
| (in millions) | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | | Total | | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | | Total |
Customer contracts and relationships(1)(2) | $ | 793.8 | | | $ | (378.5) | | | $ | 415.3 | | | $ | 573.1 | | | $ | (333.6) | | | $ | 239.6 | |
Trademarks and trade names(2) | 19.8 | | | (10.4) | | | 9.5 | | | 9.8 | | | (9.8) | | | — | |
| Contract rights and other | 0.5 | | | (0.4) | | | 0.1 | | | 0.5 | | | (0.4) | | | 0.1 | |
Total(3) | $ | 814.1 | | | $ | (389.3) | | | $ | 424.8 | | | $ | 583.5 | | | $ | (343.8) | | | $ | 239.7 | |
(1) Reflects a net impairment charge of $9.0 million recorded in 2020 as a result of the GCA acquisition.triggering event described above. We recognized net impairment charges of $5.6 million related to Aviation (consisting of a $13.8 million reduction in the gross carrying amount of the underlying customer relationships less $8.2 million of accumulated amortization) and $3.4 million related to our U.K. Technical Solutions business (consisting of an $8.7 million reduction in the gross carrying amount of the underlying customer relationships less $5.3 million of accumulated amortization). These impairment charges are included in “Impairment loss” on our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the year ended October 31, 2020. We did not record impairment charges on other intangible assets during fiscal year 2021.
(2) Reflects additions from the Able Acquisition in 2021. See Note 4, “Acquisitions,” for additional information.
Other Intangible Assets
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | October 31, 2017 | | October 31, 2016 |
| (in millions) | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | | Total | | Gross Carrying Amount | | Accumulated Amortization | | Total |
| Customer contracts and relationships | $ | 607.9 |
| | $ | (186.3 | ) | | $ | 421.6 |
| | $ | 258.6 |
| | $ | (155.1 | ) | | $ | 103.5 |
|
| Trademarks and trade names | 10.8 |
| | (2.4 | ) | | 8.4 |
| | 1.8 |
| | (1.5 | ) | | 0.2 |
|
| Contract rights and other | 0.5 |
| | (0.4 | ) | | 0.1 |
| | 0.5 |
| | (0.4 | ) | | 0.1 |
|
Total(1) | $ | 619.2 |
| | $ | (189.1 | ) | | $ | 430.1 |
| | $ | 260.9 |
| | $ | (157.0 | ) | | $ | 103.8 |
|
(1)(3) These intangible assets are being amortized over the expected period of benefit, with a weighted average life of approximately 1312 years.
Estimated Annual Amortization Expense Forfor Each of the Next Five Years
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | 2022 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2025 | | 2026 |
Estimated amortization expense(1) | $ | 69.1 | | | $ | 62.3 | | | $ | 51.7 | | | $ | 45.7 | | | $ | 40.2 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | 2018 | | 2019 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2022 |
Estimated amortization expense(1) | $ | 68.2 |
| | $ | 61.3 |
| | $ | 51.4 |
| | $ | 45.2 |
| | $ | 39.3 |
|
(1) These amounts could vary as acquisitions of additional intangible assets occur in the future and as purchase price allocations are finalized for existing acquisitions.
The estimates of future cash flows used in determining the fair value of goodwill and other intangible assets involve significant management judgment and are based upon assumptions about expected future operating performance, economic conditions, market conditions, and cost of capital. Inherent in estimating the future cash flows are uncertainties beyond our control, such as changes in capital markets. The actual cash flows could differ materially from management’s estimates due to changes in business conditions, operating performance, and economic conditions.
10. INSURANCE
We use a combination of insured and self-insurance programs to cover workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability, property damage, and other insurable risks. For the majority of these insurance programs, we retain the initial $1.0$1.0 million to $1.5 million of exposure on a per-occurrence basis, either through deductibles or self-insured retentions. Beyond the retained exposures, we have varying primary policy limits ranging between $1.0$1.0 million and $5.0$5.0 million per occurrence. To cover general liability and automobile liability losses above these primary limits, we maintain commercial umbrella insurance policies that provide aggregate limits of $200.0 million.$200.0 million. Our insurance policies generally cover workers’ compensation losses to the full extent of statutory requirements. Additionally, to cover property damage risks above our retained limits, we maintain policies that provide per occurrence limits of $75.0 million. We are also self-insured for certain employee medical and dental plans. We maintain stop-loss insurance for our self-insured medical plan under which we retain up to $0.4$0.5 million of exposure on a per-participant, per-year basis with respect to claims. As of September 1, 2017, GCA’s workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability, and other insurable risks are covered under the ABM insurance policies.
The adequacy ofWe maintain our reserves for workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability, and property damage insurance claims is based upon known trends and events and the actuarial estimates of required reserves considering the most recently completed actuarial reports. We use all available information to develop our best estimate of insurance claims reserves as information is obtained. The results of actuarial studiesreviews are used to estimate our insurance rates and insurance reserves for future periods and to adjust reserves, if appropriate, for prior years. During each of 2017 and 2016, we performed both an annual actuarial evaluation and an actuarial review. As a result of these studies, we increased our reserves for claims related to prior periods by $22.0 million and $32.9 million during 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Insurance Reserve Adjustments
Actuarial StudiesReviews and Updates Performed During 20172021
We review our self-insurance liabilities on a quarterly basis and adjust our accruals accordingly. Actual claims activity or development may vary from our assumptions and estimates, which may result in material losses or gains. As we obtain additional information that affects the assumptions and estimates used in our reserve liability calculations, we adjust our self-insurance rates and reserves for future periods and, if appropriate, adjust our reserves for claims incurred in prior accounting periods.
During 2017,the first and third quarters of 2021, we performed comprehensive actuarial studiesreviews of the majority of our casualty insurance programs to evaluate changes made to claims reserves and claims payment activity for the periods of May 1, 2020, through October 31, 2020, and November 1, 2020, through April 30, 2021, respectively (the “Actuarial Reviews”). The Actuarial Reviews were comprehensive in nature and were based on loss development patterns, trend assumptions, and underlying expected loss costs during the periods analyzed.
During the second and fourth quarters of 2021, we performed interim actuarial updates of the majority of our casualty insurance programs that considered changes in claim developmentsclaims development and claimclaims payment activity for the period commencing May 1, 2016respective periods analyzed (the “Interim Updates”). These Interim Updates were abbreviated in nature based on actual versus expected development during the periods analyzed and ending April 30, 2017 for all policy years in which open claims existed.
The actuarial studies indicated safety initiatives we have implemented have had a modest impactrelied on our claim coststhe key assumptions in the most recent years. However, there have been unfavorable developments in ultimate losses beyond our estimates for general liabilityActuarial Reviews (most notably loss development patterns, trend assumptions, and workers’ compensation claims related to prior years, as described below.underlying expected loss costs).
The actuarial studies indicated a decrease over the most recent years in the total number of reported claims related to our general liability program, particularly with respect to bodily injury claims, in addition to property damage claims. However, in prior year claims we experienced adverse developments that are largely attributable to adjustments related to certain bodily injury claims and to losses for property damage.
We are experiencing a reduced frequency of claims in our workers’ compensation program. However, due to increases in projected costs and severity of claims for a number of prior year claims in California and New York, we increased our estimate of ultimate losses for workers’ compensation. Statutory, regulatory, and legal developments have contributed to the increase in our estimated losses.
Based on the results of the actuarial studies performed during 2017, which included analyzing recent loss development patterns, comparing the loss development patterns against benchmarks,Actuarial Reviews and applying actuarial projection methods to estimate the ultimate losses, we increasedInterim Updates, we decreased our total reserves related to prior years for known claims as well as our estimate of the loss amounts associated with IBNR Claims for years prior to 2017claims during 2021 by $22.0 million during 2017. This adjustment was $10.9 million lower than the $36.0 million. In 2020, we decreased our total adjustmentreserves related to prior year claims of $32.9 million in 2016.by $30.2 million.
Actuarial Studies Performed During 2016
During 2016, our actuarial studies showed unfavorable developments in ultimate losses that we estimated for general liability, workers’ compensation, and automobile liability claims. These studies indicated our risk management programs were yielding improvements, however these improvements had a modest impact on prior years and the impact was not occurring at the pace originally forecasted by the actuaries. The average claim cost was also unfavorably impacted by increases in legal fees, medical costs, and other claim management expenses necessary to adjudicate the claims with dates of loss prior to 2016. As a result, we increased our reserves for known claims as well as our estimate of the loss amounts associated with IBNR Claims for years prior to 2016 by $32.9 million during 2016.
Insurance-Related Balances and Activity
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | October 31, 2021 | | October 31, 2020 |
| Insurance claim reserves, excluding medical and dental | $ | 574.8 | | | $ | 504.9 | |
| Medical and dental claim reserves | 9.9 | | | 16.6 | |
| Insurance recoverables | 66.5 | | | 70.1 | |
|
| | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | October 31, 2017 | | October 31, 2016 |
| Insurance claim reserves excluding medical and dental | $ | 485.6 |
| | $ | 417.9 |
|
| Medical and dental claim reserves | 9.8 |
| | 5.9 |
|
| Insurance recoverables | 73.1 |
| | 69.7 |
|
At October 31, 20172021 and 2016,2020, insurance recoverables are included in both “Other current assets” and “Other noncurrent assets” on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Casualty Program Insurance Reserves Rollforward
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Net balance at beginning of year | | $ | 434.8 | | | $ | 443.3 | | | $ | 427.7 | |
Change in case reserves plus IBNR Claims — current year | | 117.9 | | | 128.5 | | | 137.9 | |
Change in case reserves plus IBNR Claims — prior years | | (36.0) | | | (30.2) | | | (3.4) | |
| Claims paid | | (99.8) | | | (106.8) | | | (119.1) | |
Acquisition(1) | | 91.6 | | | 0.2 | | | — | |
Net balance, October 31(2) | | 508.3 | | | 434.8 | | | 443.3 | |
| Recoverables | | 66.5 | | | 70.1 | | | 64.5 | |
| Gross balance, October 31 | | $ | 574.8 | | | $ | 504.9 | | | $ | 507.8 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| Net balance at beginning of year | | $ | 348.2 |
| | $ | 312.7 |
| | $ | 277.8 |
|
Change in case reserves plus IBNR Claims — current year | | 112.2 |
| | 104.5 |
| | 88.7 |
|
Change in case reserves plus IBNR Claims — prior years | | 23.1 |
| | 35.8 |
| | 40.1 |
|
| Claims paid | | (105.2 | ) | | (104.8 | ) | | (93.9 | ) |
| GCA Services acquisition | | 34.1 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
Net balance, October 31(1) | | 412.5 |
| | 348.2 |
| | 312.7 |
|
| Recoverables | | 73.1 |
| | 69.7 |
| | 65.9 |
|
| Gross balance, October 31 | | $ | 485.6 |
| | $ | 417.9 |
| | $ | 378.6 |
|
(1)(2) Includes reserves related to discontinued operations of approximately $10$0.3 million for 2017 and $122021, $0.5 million for both 20162020, and 2015.$1.0 million for 2019.
Instruments Used to Collateralize Our Insurance Obligations
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Standby letters of credit | $ | 157.9 | | | $ | 143.6 | |
| Surety bonds | 83.8 | | | 82.6 | |
| Restricted insurance deposits | 0.7 | | | 0.7 | |
| Total | $ | 242.3 | | | $ | 226.9 | |
|
| | | | | | | |
| | As of October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Standby letters of credit | $ | 137.6 |
| | $ | 118.3 |
|
| Surety bonds | 77.5 |
| | 57.2 |
|
| Restricted insurance deposits | 11.2 |
| | 11.2 |
|
| Total | $ | 226.3 |
| | $ | 186.7 |
|
12.11. CREDIT FACILITY
On September 1, 2017, we refinanced and replaced our existingthen-existing $800.0 million credit facility with a new senior, secured five-year syndicated credit facility, (the “Credit Facility”), consisting of a $900.0 million revolving line of credit and an $800.0 million amortizing term loan, both of which are scheduled to mature on September 1, 2022. TheIn accordance with the terms of the Credit Facility, the revolving line of credit reduceswas reduced to $800.0 million after one year. Theon September 1, 2018. In late March 2020, we borrowed approximately $300 million as a precautionary measure to provide increased liquidity and preserve financial flexibility in response to uncertainty resulting from the Pandemic. This represented all remaining amounts then available under the revolving line of credit. During the quarter ended July 31, 2020, the Company repaid substantially all of these amounts borrowed under the revolving line of credit without penalty.
On May 28, 2020, we amended our Credit Facility with the First Amendment to further enhance our financial flexibility as a precautionary measure in response to uncertainty arising from the Pandemic. The First Amendment modified the financial covenants under the Credit Facility, including: (i) replacing a maximum total leverage ratio with a maximum total net leverage ratio that varies on a quarterly basis and adjusted to 6.50 to 1.00 by the quarter ending October 31, 2020, and back to 4.00 to 1.00 by the quarter ending October 31, 2022; (ii) modifying the minimum fixed charge coverage ratio on a quarterly basis, which adjusts to 1.25 to 1.00 as of the quarter ending
April 30, 2022; and (iii) adding a minimum liquidity (defined in the Amendment as domestic cash plus available revolving loans) of $250.0 million. These financial covenants were effective with the quarter ended April 30, 2020.
The First Amendment changed the interest rate, interest margins, and commitment fees applicable to loans and commitments under the Credit Facility. It also added a new anti-cash hoarding mandatory prepayment that required us to repay outstanding revolving loans or swingline loans if at any time we have in excess of $250 million of cash and cash equivalents on our balance sheet. The First Amendment made certain additional changes to the negative covenants restrictions under the Credit Facility, including, subject to certain exceptions, restrictions on our ability to make acquisitions, share repurchases, and other defined restricted payments, depending on our total net leverage ratio.
Prior to the First Amendment, borrowings under the Credit Facility bore interest at a rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus a spread that was based upon our leverage ratio. The spread ranged from 1.00% to 2.25% for Eurocurrency loans and 0.00% to 1.25% for base rate loans. We were also charged a commitment fee, which was paid quarterly in arrears and was based on our leverage ratio, that ranged from 0.200% to 0.350% on the average daily unused portion of the revolving line of credit. For purposes of this calculation, irrevocable standby letters of credit, which are issued primarily in conjunction with our insurance programs, and cash borrowings were included as outstanding under the line of credit.
Subsequent to the First Amendment, borrowings under the Credit Facility bore interest at a rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus a spread that is based upon our total leverage ratio. The spread ranged from 1.00% to 2.75% for revolving Eurocurrency loans and 0.00% to 1.75% for revolving base rate loans. We were also charged a commitment fee, which was paid quarterly in arrears and was based on our total leverage ratio, that ranges from 0.200% to 0.450% on the average daily unused portion of the revolving line of credit.
On June 28, 2021, the Company amended and restated the Credit Facility with the Second Amendment, extending the maturity date to June 28, 2026, and increasing the capacity of the revolving credit facility from $800.0 million to $1.3 billion and the-then remaining term loan outstanding from $620.0 million to $650.0 million. The Second Amendment also removed the anti-cash hoarding mandatory prepayment requirement under the First Amendment as well as other restrictions that limited our ability to make acquisitions, share repurchases, and other defined restricted payments. Additionally, the Second Amendment modified certain financial covenants, terms, interest rates, interest margins, and commitment fees applicable to loans and commitments under the prior Credit Facility. The Amended Credit Facility provides for the issuance of up to $300.0$350.0 million for standby letters of credit and the issuance of up to $75.0 million in swingline advances. The obligations under the Amended Credit Facility are secured on a first-priority basis by a lien on substantially all of our assets and properties, subject to certain exceptions.
Borrowings Additionally, we may repay amounts borrowed under the Amended Credit Facility at any time without penalty.
Under the Amended Credit Facility, the term loan and U.S.-dollar-denominated borrowings under the revolver bear interest at a rate equal to 1-monthone-month LIBOR plus a spread based upon our leverage ratio. Euro- and sterling-denominated borrowings under the revolver bear at a rate equal to the EURIBOR and the SONIA reference rates, respectively, plus a spread that is based upon our leverage ratio. The spread ranges from 1.00%1.375% to 2.25%2.250% for Eurocurrency loans and 0.00%0.375% to 1.25%1.250% for base rate loans. At October 31, 2017,2021, the weighted average interest rate on our outstanding borrowings was 3.49%1.59%. We also pay a commitment fee, based on our leverage ratio and payable quarterly in arrears, ranging from 0.200%0.20% to 0.350%0.40% on the average daily unused portion of the line of credit. For purposes of this calculation, irrevocable standby letters of credit, which are issued primarily in conjunction with our insurance programs, and cash borrowings are included as outstanding under the line of credit.
The Amended Credit Facility contains certain covenants, including a maximum total net leverage ratio of 4.755.00 to 1.0, which steps down1.00, a maximum secured net leverage ratio of 4.00 to 3.50 to 1.0 by July 2020,1.00, and a minimum fixed chargeinterest coverage ratio of 1.50 to 1.0,1.00, as well as other financial and non-financial covenants. In the event of a material acquisition, as defined in the Amended Credit Facility, we may elect to increase the maximum total net leverage ratio to 3.755.50 to 1.01.00 for a total of four fiscal quarters providedand increase the maximum secured net leverage ratio had already been reduced to 3.504.50 to 1.0. The availability1.00 for a total of ourfour fiscal quarters. We did not make this election for the Able Acquisition. Our borrowing capacity is subject to, and limited by, compliance with the covenants described above. At October 31, 2017,2021, we were in compliance with these covenants.
The Amended Credit Facility also includes customary events of default, includingincluding: failure to pay principal, interest, or fees when due, failure to comply with covenants,covenants; the occurrence of certain material judgments, orjudgments; and a change in control of the Company. If an eventcertain events of default occurs,occur, including certain cross-defaults, insolvency, change in control, or violation of specific covenants, then the lenders can terminate or suspend our access to the
Amended Credit Facility, and declare all amounts outstanding (including all accrued interest and unpaid fees) to be immediately due and payable, and require that we cash collateralize the outstanding standby letters of credit.
We incurred deferred financing costs of $6.4 million in conjunction with the Second Amendment and carried over $6.2 million of unamortized deferred financing from the initial execution, First Amendment, and previous amendments of the Credit Facility. Total deferred financing costs related to the Credit Facility were $18.7of $12.6 million, consisting of $13.4$4.9 million related to the term loan and $5.2$7.7 million related to the line of credit, whichrevolver, are being amortized to interest expense over the term of the Amended Credit Facility.
Credit Facility Information
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | October 31, 2021 | | October 31, 2020 |
| Current portion of long-term debt | | | |
| Gross term loan | $ | 32.5 | | | $ | 120.0 | |
| Unamortized deferred financing costs | (1.1) | | | (3.3) | |
| Current portion of term loan | $ | 31.4 | | | $ | 116.7 | |
| | | |
| Long-term debt | | | |
| Gross term loan | $ | 601.3 | | | $ | 560.0 | |
| Unamortized deferred financing costs | (3.5) | | | (2.3) | |
| Total noncurrent portion of term loan | 597.8 | | | 557.7 | |
Revolving line of credit(1)(2) | 255.0 | | | 45.3 | |
| Long-term debt | $ | 852.8 | | | $ | 603.0 | |
|
| | | | |
| (in millions) | | October 31, 2017 |
| Current portion of long-term debt | | |
| Gross term loan | | $ | 20.0 |
|
| Less: unamortized deferred financing costs | | (3.1 | ) |
| Current portion of term loan | | $ | 16.9 |
|
| | | |
| Long-term debt | | |
| Gross term loan | | $ | 780.0 |
|
| Less: unamortized deferred financing costs | | (9.9 | ) |
| Total noncurrent portion of term loan | | 770.1 |
|
Line of credit(1)(2) | | 391.2 |
|
| Long-term debt | | $ | 1,161.3 |
|
(1)Standby letters of credit amounted to $146.4$167.7 million at October 31, 2017.2021.
(2)At October 31, 2017,2021, we had borrowing capacity of $350.8 million, however covenant restrictions limited our borrowing capacity to $282.0$875.0 million.
Term Loan Maturities
During 2021, we made principal payments under the term loan of $76.3 million. As of October 31, 2021, the following principal payments are required under the term loan. |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| ($ in millions) | | 2018 | | 2019 | | 2020 | | 2021 | | 2022 | | Total |
| Debt maturities | | $ | 20.0 |
| | $ | 40.0 |
| | $ | 60.0 |
| | $ | 120.0 |
| | $ | 560.0 |
| | $ | 800.0 |
|
| Principal repayment | | 2.5 | % | | 5.0 | % | | 7.5 | % | | 15.0 | % | | 70.0 | % | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | | 2022 | | 2023 | | 2024 | | 2025 | | 2026 |
| Debt maturities | | $ | 32.5 | | | $ | 32.5 | | | $ | 32.5 | | | $ | 32.5 | | | $ | 503.8 | |
Interest Rate Swaps
We enter into interest rate swaps to manage the interest rate risk associated with our floating-rate, LIBOR-based borrowings under our Credit Facility.borrowings. Under these arrangements, we typically pay a fixed interest rate in exchange for LIBOR-based variable interest throughout the life of the agreement.
During 2016, we entered into three interest rate swap agreements with effective dates of April 7, 2016 and May 11, 2016, an underlying aggregate notional amount of $105.0 million, and a fixed interest rate of 1.05%. These swaps were designated and accounted for as cash flow hedges from inception and mature on April 7, 2021 and May 11, 2021. These interest rate swap agreements remain in effect with our new Credit Facility. See Note 7, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” regarding the valuation of our interest rate swaps.
In connection with our Credit Facility, in September 2017 we entered into three additional forward-starting interest rate swap agreements that became effective in November 2017. These swaps have an underlying aggregate notional amount of $500.0 million, fixed interest rates of 1.65% and 1.69%, mature on September 1, 2022, and were designated and accounted for as cash flow hedges from inception.
We initially report the effective portion of a derivative’s mark-to-market gain or loss on a derivative as a component of AOCL and subsequently reclassify the gain or loss into earnings when the hedged transactions occur and affect earnings. The ineffective portion of the gain or loss is reported in earnings immediately. Interest payables and receivables under the swap agreements are accrued and recorded as adjustments to interest expense. All of our interest rate swaps have been designated and accounted for as cash flow hedges from inception. See Note 7, “Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” regarding the valuation of our interest rate swaps.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Notional Amount | | Fixed Interest Rate | | Effective Date | | Maturity Date |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| $ 130.0 million | | 2.86% | | November 1, 2018 | | April 30, 2022 |
| $ 130.0 million | | 2.84% | | November 1, 2018 | | September 1, 2022 |
At October 31, 20172021 and 2016, the2020, amounts recorded in AOCL for interest rate swaps were $1.7a loss of $0.2 million, net of taxes of $0.3 million, and $0.2a loss of $3.3 million, respectively, related tonet of taxes of $0.9 million, respectively. These amounts included the gain associated with the interest rate swap agreementsswaps we terminated in effect on those dates. Additionally, at2018, which is being amortized to interest expense as interest payments are made over the original term of our Credit Facility. During 2021, we amortized $4.7 million, net of taxes of $1.7 million, of that gain and we amortized $4.9 million, net of taxes of $1.8 million, during 2020. At October 31, 2017,2021, the total amount expected to be reclassified from AOCL to earnings for those interest rate swap agreements during the next twelve12 months was insignificant.
$0.1 million, net of a taxes of $0.1 million.
12. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
Defined Benefit Plans
We provide benefits to certain employees under various defined benefit and postretirement benefit plans (collectively, the “Plans”). The Plans were previously amended to preclude new participants. All but one of the Plans are unfunded.
Information for the Plans
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Net obligations | $ | 7.5 | | | $ | 9.6 | |
Projected benefit obligations(1) | 15.9 | | | 17.0 | |
| Fair value of assets | 8.4 | | | 7.4 | |
|
| | | | | | | |
| | As of October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Net obligations | $ | 7.5 |
| | $ | 7.8 |
|
| Projected benefit obligations | 15.7 |
| | 15.7 |
|
| Fair value of assets | 8.2 |
| | 7.9 |
|
At October 31, 2017, approximately 47%2021, assets of the Plan assetsPlans were invested 30% in equities 43%and 70% in fixed income, and 10% in cash.income. The expected return on assets was $0.3 million in 2021 and $0.4 million during 2017in 2020 and $0.5 million for each of 2016 and 2015.2019. The aggregate net periodic benefit cost for all Plans was $0.3 million, $0.2 million, and $0.6 million for each of 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, and 2015.2019, respectively. Future benefit payments in the aggregate are expected to be $13.8$13.5 million.
Deferred Compensation Plans
We maintain deferred compensation plans that permit eligible employees and directors to defer a portion of their compensation. At October 31, 20172021 and 2016,2020, the total liability of all deferred compensation was $17.6$32.1 million (including $18.0 million assumed from the Able Acquisition) and $19.1$13.6 million, respectively, and these amounts are included in “Other accrued liabilities” and “Other noncurrent liabilities” on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.Consolidated Balance Sheets. Under one of our deferred compensation plans, a Rabbi trust was created to fund the obligations, and we are required to contribute a portion of the deferred compensation contributions for eligible participants. The assets held in the Rabbi trust are not available for general corporate purposes. At October 31, 20172021 and 2016,2020, the fair value of these assets was $4.6$4.9 million and $4.9$2.6 million, respectively, and wasthese amounts are included in “Other noncurrent assets” on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.Consolidated Balance Sheets. Aggregate expense recognized under these deferred compensation plans was $0.4$0.2 million, $0.2 million, and $0.3 million for each of 20172021, 2020, and 2016 and $0.5 million for 2015.2019, respectively.
Defined Contribution Plans
We sponsor four4 defined contribution plans covering certain employees that are subject to the applicable provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”). Certain plans permit a company match of a portion of the participant’s contributions or a discretionary contribution after the participant has met the eligibility requirements set forth in the plan. During 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, and 2015,2019, we made matching contributions required by the plans of $13.7$21.6 million $11.7, $18.2 million, and $12.1$24.3 million, respectively.
Multiemployer Pension and Postretirement Plans
We participate in various multiemployer pension plans under union and industry-wide agreements whichthat provide defined pension benefits to employees covered by collective bargaining agreements. Because of the nature of multiemployer plans, there are risks associated with participation in these plans that differ from single-employer plans. Assets contributed by an employer to a multiemployer plan are not segregated into a separate account and are not restricted to provide benefits only to employees of that contributing employer. In the event another participating employer in a multiemployer plan no longer contributes to the plan, the unfunded obligations of the plan may be borne by the remaining participating employers, including us. In the event of the termination of a multiemployer pension plan or a withdrawal from a multiemployer pension plan, we could incur material liabilities under applicable law.
Key Information for Individually Significant Multiemployer Defined Benefit Pension Plans(1)
| | | (in millions) | | Pension Protection Act Zone Status(3) | | FIP/RP Status(4) | | Contributions by ABM | | Surcharge Imposed(5) | | Expiration Dates of Collective Bargaining Agreements | |
| ($ in millions) | | ($ in millions) | | Pension Protection Act Zone Status(3) | | FIP/RP Status(4) | | Contributions by ABM | | Surcharge Imposed(5) | | Expiration Dates of Collective Bargaining Agreements |
| Pension Fund | EIN/PN(2) | | 2017 | | 2016 | | Pending/
Implemented | | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 | | Surcharge Imposed(5) | | Expiration Dates of Collective Bargaining Agreements | Pension Fund | | EIN/PN(2) | | 2021 | | 2020 | | Pending/
Implemented | | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| | | | | | | | |
| Building Service 32BJ Pension Fund | 13-1879376 / 001 | | Red
6/30/2017 | | Red
6/30/2016 | | Implemented | | 20.1 |
| | 17.0 |
| | 14.2 |
| | No | | 12/31/2019 | Building Service 32BJ Pension Fund | | 13-1879376 / 001 | | Red 6/30/2020 | | Red 6/30/2019 | | Implemented | | $ | 18.8 | | | $ | 16.8 | | | $ | 19.3 | | | No | | 10/15/2023 – 12/31/2023 |
| S.E.I.U. National Industry Pension Fund | | S.E.I.U. National Industry Pension Fund | | 52-6148540 / 001 | | Red 12/31/2020 | | Red 12/31/2019 | | Implemented | | 10.9 | | | 11.1 | | | 10.6 | | | Yes | | 7/31/2022 –
10/31/2023 |
| IUOE Stationary Engineers Local 39 Pension Plan | | IUOE Stationary Engineers Local 39 Pension Plan | | 94-6118939 / 001 | | Green 12/31/2020 | | Green 12/31/2019 | | N/A* | | 6.6 | | | 4.3 | | | 4.6 | | | N/A* | | 8/31/2023 – 10/31/2024 |
| Central Pension Fund of the IUOE & Participating Employers | 36-6052390 / 001 | | Green
1/31/2017 | | Green
1/31/2016 | | N/A* | | 10.7 |
| | 11.0 |
| | 11.2 |
| | N/A* | | 12/31/2017-
12/31/2020 | Central Pension Fund of the IUOE & Participating Employers | | 36-6052390 / 001 | | Green 1/31/2021 | | Green 1/31/2020 | | N/A* | | 5.3 | | | 7.1 | | | 11.7 | | | N/A* | |
12/31/2022 |
| S.E.I.U. National Industry Pension Fund | 52-6148540 / 001 | | Red
12/31/2016 | | Red
12/31/2015 | | Implemented | | 7.2 |
| | 6.8 |
| | 6.0 |
| | Yes | | 7/31/2020 | |
| Local 25 SEIU & Participating Employers Pension Trust | 36-6486542/001 | | Green
9/30/2016 | | Green
9/30/2015 | | N/A* | | 6.0 |
| | 6.2 |
| | 6.0 |
| | N/A* | | 4/8/2018-
6/30/2018 | |
| IUOE Stationary Engineers Local 39 Pension Plan | 94-6118939 / 001 | | Green
12/31/2016 | | Green
12/31/2015 | | N/A* | | 4.8 |
| | 5.2 |
| | 5.6 |
| | N/A* | | 2/28/2019-
7/31/2019 | |
| SEIU Local 1 & Participating Employers Pension Trust | | SEIU Local 1 & Participating Employers Pension Trust | | 36-6486542 / 001 | | Green 9/30/2020 | | Green 9/30/2019 | | N/A* | | 3.9 | | | 4.3 | | | 5.1 | | | N/A* | | 4/7/2024 |
| Western Conference of Teamsters Pension Plan | 91-6145047 / 001 | | Green 12/31/2016 | | Green 12/31/2015 | | N/A* | | 3.5 |
| | 0.9 |
| | 1.0 |
| | N/A* | | 11/30/2018- 12/31/2021
| Western Conference of Teamsters Pension Plan | | 91-6145047 / 001 | | Green 12/31/2020 | | Green 12/31/2019 | | N/A* | | 2.0 | | | 2.5 | | | 3.1 | | | N/A* | | 12/31/2021 –
11/30/2022 |
| Local 68 Engineers Union Pension Plan | 51-0176618 / 001 | | Green
6/30/2016 | | Green
6/30/2015 | | N/A* | | 2.8 |
| | 2.8 |
| | 3.0 |
| | N/A* | | 2/28/2018-
8/31/2021 | |
| All Other Plans: | | 8.0 |
| | 9.4 |
| | 11.5 |
| | All Other Plans: | | 9.3 | | | 9.5 | | | 12.2 | | |
| Total Contributions | | $ | 63.1 |
| | $ | 59.3 |
| | $ | 58.5 |
| | |
Total Contributions(6) | | Total Contributions(6) | | $ | 56.8 | | | $ | 55.5 | | | $ | 66.6 | | |
(1) To determine individually significant plans, we evaluated several factors, including our total contributions to the plan, our significance to the plan in terms of participating employees and contributions, and the funded status of the plan.
(2)The “EIN/PN” column provides the Employer Identification Number and the three-digit plan number assigned to the plan by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”).IRS.
(3)The Pension Protection Act Zone Status columns provide the two most recentrecently available Pension Protection Act zone statuses available from each plan. The zone status is based on information provided to us and other participating employers and is certified by each plan’s actuary. Among other factors, plans in the red zone are generally less than 65% funded, plans in the yellow zone are less than 80% funded, and plans in the green zone are at least 80% funded.
(4)Indicates whether a Financial Improvement Plan (“FIP”) for yellow zone plans or a Rehabilitation Plan (“RP”) for red zone plans is pending or implemented.
(5)Indicates whether our contribution rate in 20172021 included an amount as imposed by a plan in the red zone in addition to the contribution rate specified in the applicable collective bargaining agreement as imposedagreement.
(6) The total contributions for fiscal year 2021 includes $4.6 million contributed by a plan inAble since the red zone.acquisition.
Multiemployer Pension Plans for which ABM is a Significant Contributor
|
| | | | | | | |
| Pension Fund | | Contributions to the plan exceeded more than 5% of total contributions per most currently available Forms 5500 |
|
(as of the Plan’splan’s year end) |
| Arizona Sheet Metal Pension Trust Fund* | | 6/30/2016,2020, 6/30/20152019 and 6/30/20142018 |
| Building Service 32BJ Pension Fund | | 6/30/2016,2020, 6/30/20152019, and 6/30/20142018 |
| Building Service Pension Plan* | | 4/30/2016,2020, 4/30/20152019, and 4/30/20142018 |
| Contract Cleaners Service Employees’ Pension Plan* | | 12/31/2016,20, 12/31/20152019, and 12/31/20142018 |
| Firemen & Oilers Pension Plan of SEIU Local 1* | | 7/31/2020, 7/31/2019, and 7/31/2018 |
IUOE Stationary Engineers Local 39 Pension PlanTrust Fund | | 12/31/20162020, 12/13/2019, and 12/31/20142018 |
Local 210’sMassachusetts Service Employees Pension Plan* | | 12/31/2016,2020, 12/31/2015 and12/2019, and 12/31/20142018 |
SEIU Local 25 SEIU1 & Participating Employers Pension Trust | | 9/30/2016,2020, 9/30/20152019, and 9/30/20142018 |
Massachusetts Service Employees Pension Plan* | | 12/31/2016, 12/31/2015 and 12/31/2014 |
| S.E.I.U. National Industry Pension Fund | | 12/31/2016,2020, 12/31/20152019, and 12/31/20142018 |
| Service Employees International Union Local 1 Cleveland Pension Plan* | | 12/31/2016,2020, 12/31/2015,2019, and 12/31/20142018 |
Service Employees International Union Local 32BJ, District 36 Building Operators Pension Trust FundFund* | | 12/31/2016,2020, 12/31/20152019, and 12/31/20142018 |
| Teamsters Local 617 Pension Fund* | | 2/28/2017,2021, 2/29/20162020, and 2/28/20152019 |
| Teamsters Local Union No. 727 Pension Plan* | | 2/28/20172021, 2/29/2020, and 2/29/201628/2019 |
* These plans are not separately listed in our multiemployer table as they represent an insignificant portion of our total multiemployer pension plan contributions.
There have been no significant changes that affect the comparability of total contributions for any of the periods presented.
Multiemployer Defined Contribution Plans
In addition to contributions noted above, we also make contributions to multiemployer defined contribution plans. During 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, and 2015,2019, our contributions to the defined contribution plans were $5.4$21.2 million, $6.6$15.5 million, and $6.8$9.0 million, respectively.
Multiemployer Other PostretirementMultiemployer Benefit Plans
We also contribute to several multiemployer postretirement health and welfare plans based on obligations arising under collective bargaining agreements covering union-represented employees. These plans may provide medical, pharmacy, dental, vision, mental health, and other benefits to employees as determined by the trustees of each plan. The majority of our contributions benefit active employees and, as such, may not constitute contributions to a postretirement benefit plan. However, since we are unable to separate contribution amounts to postretirement benefit plans from contribution amounts paid to benefit active employees, we categorize all such amounts as contributions to postretirement benefit plans. During 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, and 2015,2019, our contributions to such plans were $247.9were $270.8 million, $224.5$264.8 million, and $216.8$269.8 million, respectively. There have been no significant changes that affect the comparability of total contributions for any of the periods presented.
13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Lease and Other Similar Commitments
|
| | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | Capital | | Operating and Other(1) |
| October 31, 2018 | $ | 3.1 |
| | $ | 79.7 |
|
| October 31, 2019 | 3.1 |
| | 50.1 |
|
| October 31, 2020 | 3.0 |
| | 38.9 |
|
| October 31, 2021 | 2.3 |
| | 34.3 |
|
| October 31, 2022 | 0.8 |
| | 31.2 |
|
| Thereafter | 0.3 |
| | 84.8 |
|
| Total | $ | 12.6 |
| | $ | 319.0 |
|
(1) Includes total estimated sublease rental income of $20.6 million.
Rental and Other Expense
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| Minimum rental and other | $ | 121.5 |
| | $ | 118.0 |
| | $ | 110.6 |
|
| Contingent rental and other | 34.3 |
| | 31.3 |
| | 28.0 |
|
| Total | $ | 155.8 |
| | $ | 149.3 |
| | $ | 138.6 |
|
Letters of Credit and Surety Bonds
We use letters of credit and surety bonds to secure certain commitments related to insurance programs and for other purposes. As of October 31, 2017,2021, these letters of credit and surety bonds totaled $146.4$167.7 million and $486.2$687.3 million, respectively. Included in the total amount of surety bonds is $2.5 million of bonds with an effective date starting after October 31, 2017.
Guarantees
In some instances, we offer clients guaranteed energy savings under certain energy savings contracts. At October 31, 20172021 and 2016,2020, total guarantees were $157.9$254.3 million and $66.3$182.8 million, respectively, and these guarantees extend through 20382041 and 2034,2039, respectively. We accrue for the estimated cost of guarantees when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Historically, we have not incurred any material losses in connection with these guarantees.
In connection with an unconsolidated joint venture in which one of our subsidiaries has a 33% ownership interest, that subsidiary and the other joint venture partners have each jointly and severally guaranteed the obligations of the joint venture to perform under certain contracts extending through 2019. Annual revenues relating to the underlying contracts are approximately $35 million. Should the joint venture be unable to perform under these contracts, the joint venture partners would be jointly and severally liable for any losses incurred by the client due to the failure to perform.
Indemnifications
We are party to a variety of agreements under which we may be obligated to indemnify the other party for certain matters. Primarily, theseThese agreements are primarily standard indemnification arrangements entered into in our ordinary course of business. Pursuant to these arrangements, we may agree to indemnify, hold harmless, and reimburse the indemnified parties for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, generally our clients, in connection with any claims arising out of the services that we provide. We also incur costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification arrangements, and in most cases these costs are paid from our insurance program. Although we attempt to place limits on such indemnification arrangements related to the size of the contract, the maximum obligation may not be explicitly stated and, as a result, we are unable to determine the maximum potential amount of future payments we could be required to make under these arrangements is not determinable.
arrangements.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may require us to indemnify our directors and officers for certain liabilities that were incurred as a result of their status or service to ABM as a director or officer. The amount of these obligations cannot be reasonably estimated.
Sales TaxUnclaimed Property Audits
We collect sales tax from clients androutinely remit those collectionsescheat payments to thestates in compliance with applicable states. When clients fail to pay their invoices, including the amount of any sales tax that we paid on their behalf, in some cases we are entitled to seek a refund of that amount of sales tax from the applicable state. Sales taxescheat laws, and regulations enacted by the various stateswe are subject to interpretation, and our compliance with such laws is routinelyunclaimed property audits by states in the ordinary course of business. The property subject to audit and review by such states. Audit risk is concentrated in several states, and these states are conducting ongoing audits. The outcomes of ongoing and any future audits and changes in the states’ interpretationaudit process may include unclaimed wages, vendor payments, or customer refunds. State escheat laws generally require entities to report and remit abandoned or unclaimed property to the state, and failure to do so can result in assessments that could include interest and penalties in addition to the payment of the sales tax laws and regulations could materially adversely impact our results of operations.escheat liability.
Legal Matters
We are a party to a number of lawsuits, claims, and proceedings incident to the operation of our business, including those pertaining to labor and employment, contracts, personal injury, and other matters, some of which allege substantial monetary damages. Some of these actions may be brought as class actions on behalf of a class or purported class of employees.
At October 31, 2017,2021, the total amount accrued for all probable litigation losses where a reasonable estimate of the loss could be made was $16.2$18.5 million. This $16.2 million includesWe do not accrue for contingent losses that, in our judgment, are considered to be reasonably possible but not probable. The estimation of reasonably possible losses also requires the analysis of multiple possible outcomes that often depend on judgments about potential actions by third parties. Our management currently estimates the range of loss for reasonably possible losses for which a reasonable estimate of the loss can be made is between zero and $6 million. Factors underlying this estimated range of loss may change from time to time, and actual results may vary significantly from this estimate. The amounts above do not include any accrual of $8.3 million in connectionor loss estimates with respect to the Hussein and Isse cases, each discussedBucio case described below.
Litigation outcomes are difficult to predict and the estimation of probable losses requires the analysis of multiple possible outcomes that often depend on judgments about potential actions by third parties. If one or more matters are resolved in a particular period in an amount in excess of, or in a manner different than, what we anticipated, this could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
We do not accrue for contingent losses that, in our judgment, are considered to be reasonably possible but not probable. The estimation of reasonably possible losses also requires the analysis of multiple possible outcomes that often depend on judgments about potential actions by third parties. Our management currently estimates the range of loss for all reasonably possible losses for which a reasonable estimate of the loss can be made is between zero and $3 million. Factors underlying this estimated range of loss may change from time to time, and actual results may vary significantly from this estimate.
In some cases, although a loss is probable or reasonably possible, we cannot reasonably estimate the maximum potential losses for probable matters or the range of losses for reasonably possible matters. Therefore, our accrual for probable losses and our estimated range of loss for reasonably possible losses do not represent our maximum possible exposure.
While the results of these lawsuits, claims, and proceedings cannot be predicted with any certainty, our management believes that the final outcome of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
Certain Legal Proceedings
Certain lawsuits to which we are a party are discussed below. In determining whether to include any particular lawsuit or other proceeding in our disclosure below, we consider both quantitative and qualitative factors. These factors include, but are not limited to: the amount of damages and the nature of any other relief sought in the proceeding; if such damages and other relief are specified, our view of the merits of the claims; whether the action is or purports to be a class action, and our view of the likelihood that a class will be certified by the court; the jurisdiction in which the proceeding is pending; and the potential impact of the proceeding on our reputation.
The Consolidated Cases of Augustus, Hall, and Davis, et al. v. American Commercial Security Services, filed July 12, 2005, in the Superior Court of California, Los Angeles County (the “Augustus case”)
The Augustus case was a certified class action involving violations of certain California state laws relating to rest breaks. The case centered on whether requiring security guards to remain on call during rest breaks violated Section 226.7 of the California Labor Code. On July 31, 2012, the Superior Court of California, Los Angeles County (the “Superior Court”), entered summary judgment in favor of plaintiffs in the amount of approximately $89.7 million (the “common fund”). Subsequently, the Superior Court also awarded plaintiffs’ attorneys’ fees of approximately $4.5 million in addition to approximately 30% of the common fund. Under California law, post-judgment interest on a judgment accrues at a rate of 10% simple interest per year from the date the judgment is entered until it is satisfied. We appealed the Superior Court’s rulings to the Court of Appeals of the State of California, Second Appellate District (the “Appeals Court”). On December 31, 2014, the Appeals Court issued its opinion, reversing the judgment in favor of the plaintiffs and vacating the award of $89.7 million in damages and the attorneys’ fees award. The plaintiffs filed a petition for review with the California Supreme Court on March 4, 2015, and on April 29, 2015, the California Supreme Court granted the plaintiffs’ petition. On December 22, 2016, the California Supreme Court rendered its decision, holding that on-call and on-duty rest breaks are prohibited by California law, and reversed the Appeals Court judgment on this issue. The amount of post-judgment interest as of December 22, 2016 was approximately $41.2 million.
On February 6, 2017, ABM Security Services, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of ABM Industries Incorporated, entered into a Class Action Settlement and Release with plaintiffs Jennifer Augustus, Delores Hall, Emanuel Davis, and Carlton Anthony Waite, on behalf of themselves and the settlement class members, to settle the Augustus case on a class-wide basis for $110.0 million (the “Augustus Settlement Agreement”). On March 17, 2017, the Augustus Settlement Agreement was amended to address certain procedural matters, and it received final approval of the Superior Court on July 6, 2017. The Augustus Settlement Agreement called for two payments of $55.0 million each. The first payment was made on July 19, 2017, and the second payment, plus an additional payment of $4.8 million for payroll taxes, was made on August 29, 2017.
Karapetyan v. ABM Industries Incorporated and ABM Security Services, Inc., et al., filed on October 23, 2015, pending in the United States District Court for the Central District of California (the “Karapetyan case”)
The Karapetyan case was a putative class action in which the plaintiff sought to represent a class of security guards who worked during time periods subsequent to the class period in the Augustus case. The plaintiff alleged that ABM violated certain California state laws relating to meal and rest breaks and other wage and hour claims. On April 17, 2017, ABM Industries Incorporated, ABM Security Services, Inc., ABM Onsite Services, Inc., and ABM Onsite Services – West, Inc. entered into a Class Action Settlement and Release with plaintiff Vardan Karapetyan, on behalf of himself and the settlement class members, to settle the Karapetyan case on a class-wide basis for $5.0 million. The United States District Court for the Central District of California granted final approval of the settlement on September 7, 2017. The full settlement payment in the amount of $5.0 million, plus an additional $0.2 million in payroll taxes, was made on October 13, 2017.
The Consolidated Cases of Bucio and Martinez v. ABM Janitorial Services filed on April 7, 2006, pending in the Superior Court of California, County of San Francisco (the “Bucio case”)
The Bucio case is a class action pending in San Francisco Superior Court that alleges we failed to provide legally required meal periods and make additional premium payments for such meal periods, pay split shift premiums when owed, and reimburse janitors for travel expenses. There is also a claim for penalties under the California Labor Code Private Attorneys General Act (“PAGA”). On April 19, 2011, the trial court held a hearing on plaintiffs’ motion to certify the class. At the conclusion of that hearing, the trial court denied plaintiffs’ motion to certify the class. On May 11, 2011, the plaintiffs filed a motion to reconsider, which was denied. The plaintiffs appealed the class certification issues. The trial court stayed the underlying lawsuit pending the decision in the appeal. The Court of Appeal of the State of California, First Appellate District (the “Court of Appeal”), heard oral arguments on November 7, 2017. On December 11, 2017, the Court of Appeal reversed the trial court’s order denying class certification and remanded the matter for certification of a meal period, travel expense reimbursement, and split shift class.
Hussein and Hirsi v. Air Serv Corporation filed on January 20, 2016, pending in the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington at Seattle (the “Hussein case”) and
Isse et al. v. Air Serv Corporation filed on February 7, 2017, pending in the Superior Court of Washington for King County (the “Isse” case)
TheHussein case was aremitted to the trial court for further proceedings on class certification, discovery, dispositive motions, and trial.
On September 20, 2018, the trial court entered an order defining 4 certified class action involving a classsubclasses of certain hourly Air Serv employeesjanitors who were employed by the legacy ABM janitorial companies in California at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport in SeaTac, Washington. The plaintiffsany time between April 7, 2002, and April 30, 2013, on claims based on alleged that Air Serv violated a minimum wage requirement in an ordinance applicableprevious automatic deduction practices for meal breaks, unpaid meal premiums, unpaid split shift premiums, and unreimbursed business expenses, such as mileage reimbursement for use of personal vehicles to certain employers in the local city of SeaTac (the “Ordinance”). Plaintiffs sought retroactive wages, double damages, interest, and attorneys’ fees. This matter was removed to federal court. In a separate lawsuit brought by Filo Foods, LLC, Alaska Airlines, and several other employers at SeaTac airport, the King County Superior Court issued a decision that invalidated the Ordinance as it applied to workers at SeaTac airport. Subsequently, the Washington Supreme Court reversed the Superior Court’s decision.travel between worksites. On February 7, 2017,1, 2019, the Isse case was filed against Air Serv on behalf of 60 individual plaintiffs (whotrial court held that the discovery related to PAGA claims allegedly arising after April 30, 2013, would otherwise be membersstayed until after the class and PAGA claims accruing prior to April 30, 2013, had been tried. The parties engaged in mediation in July 2019, which did not result in settlement of the Hussein class), whocase. On October 17, 2019, the plaintiffs filed a motion asking the trial court to certify additional classes based on an alleged failure to comply with bothmaintain time records, an alleged failure to provide accurate wage statements, and an alleged practice of combining meal and rest breaks. The trial court denied the minimum wage provisionplaintiffs’ motion to certify additional classes on December 26, 2019. The case was reassigned to a new judge on January 6, 2020. ABM filed motions for summary adjudication as to certain of plaintiffs’ class claims, and the sick and safe time provisiontrial court denied those motions in November 2020. The parties engaged in another mediation in January 2021, which did not result in a settlement of the Ordinance.case. Plaintiffs filed motions for summary adjudication and/or summary judgment on some claims in December 2020.
In February and March 2021, the parties engaged in expert discovery that provided detailed information regarding the plaintiffs’ damage calculations on the class claims. On February 25, 2021, the California Supreme Court issued an opinion in Donohue v. AMN Services, which addresses the standard for adjudicating meal period claims under California law and we believe is supportive of ABM’s legal position in the Bucio case. On May 5, 2021, the trial court denied all of the plaintiffs’ December 2020 motions for summary adjudication and/or summary judgment, and the case was assigned to a new judge. On May 5, 2021, the trial court ordered the parties to attend a mandatory settlement conference before a separate judge on June 11, 2021. The Isse plaintiffs sought retroactive wagestrial date was scheduled for July 12, 2021.
On July 7, 2021, the Company entered into a class action settlement and sick benefits, double damages for wages and sick benefits, interest, and attorneys’ fees. The Isse case later expanded to approximately 220 individual plaintiffs.
In mediations on November 2 and 3, 2017, and without admitting liability in either matter, we agreedrelease agreement to settle the HusseinBucio case for $140 million and Isse lawsuits forto obtain a combined totalrelease of $8.3 million, inclusivethe certified class claims that were asserted in the Bucio case. The settlement will also resolve the PAGA claim. The release of damages, interest,the certified class claims covers the time period from April 7, 2002, through April 30, 2013. The release of the PAGA claim covers the time period from November 15, 2005, through July 18, 2021. Any attorneys’ fees awarded by the trial court and employer payroll taxes. Eligible employeesall costs of notice and claims
administration will be able to participate in eitherpaid from the Hussein or Isse settlements, but cannot recover in both settlements. The settlements in both cases$140 million settlement fund. Employees who will require court approval becausebe a part of the naturesettlement will receive payments based on the number of pay periods they worked.
The settlement agreement is contingent upon the approval of the claims being released. We are workingtrial court. On August 11, 2021, the plaintiffs filed the motion for preliminary approval of class action settlement with our clientsthe trial court. On December 7, 2021, the trial court issued its order granting preliminary approval of the class action settlement. Members of the class will receive notice of the settlement, and there will be an opportunity for them to obtain partial or full reimbursementobject to the settlement before the trial court grants final approval of the settlement. The final approval hearing with the trial court is currently scheduled to take place on March 16, 2022. No payments will be made to employees until after the settlement is finally approved by the trial court.
The Company has recorded a $142.9 million settlement accrual, which includes an accrual of $2.9 million of related payroll taxes, for the settlements.Bucio case within “Other current liabilities” on the unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 31, 2021, and $142.9 million of related expense in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” in our unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the year ended October 31, 2021.
15.
14. PREFERRED AND COMMON STOCK
Preferred Stock
We are authorized to issue 500,000 shares of preferred stock. None of these preferred shares are issued.
Common Stock
On September 2, 2015,Effective December 18, 2019, our Board of Directors authorizedreplaced our then-existing share repurchase program with a new share repurchase program tounder which we may repurchase up to $200.0$150.0 million shares of our common stock. PurchasesThese purchases may take place on the open market or otherwise, and all or part of the repurchases may be made pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 plans or in privately negotiated transactions. The timing of repurchases is at our discretion and will depend upon several factors, including market and business conditions, future cash flows, share price, share availability, and share availability.other factors at our discretion. Repurchased shares are retired and returned to an authorized but unissued status. The repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice.
Repurchase Activity
We repurchased shares under the 2019 Share Repurchase Program during the second quarter of 2020, as summarized below. However, due to the market and business conditions arising from the Pandemic, in March 2020 we suspended further repurchases of our common stock. At October 31, 2017,2021, authorization for $134.1$144.9 million of repurchases remained under ourthe 2019 Share Repurchase Program. There were no share repurchase program. We do not anticipate additional repurchases in the near future.during 2021.
Repurchase Activity | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Total number of shares purchased | — | | | 0.2 | |
| Average price paid per share | N/A | | $ | 36.16 | |
| Total cash paid for share repurchases | $ | — | | | $ | 5.1 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| Total number of shares purchased | 0.2 |
| | 1.4 |
| | 1.0 |
|
| Average price paid per share | $ | 40.07 |
| | $ | 33.48 |
| | $ | 30.72 |
|
| Total cash paid for share repurchases | $ | 7.9 |
| | $ | 46.6 |
| | $ | 31.4 |
|
16.15. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS
We use various share-based compensation plans to provide incentives for our key employees and directors. Currently, these incentives primarily consist of RSUs and performance shares, and stock options.shares.
On May 2, 2006, our stockholders approved the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, (thewhich was last amended and restated on March 7, 2018 (as amended and restated, the “2006 Equity Plan”). The 2006 Equity Plan is an omnibus plan that provides for a variety of equity and equity-based award vehicles, including stock options, stock appreciation rights, RSUs, performance shares, and other share-based awards. Shares subject to awards that terminate without vesting or exercise are available for future awards under the 2006 Equity Plan. Certain of the awards under the 2006 Equity Plan may qualify as “performance-based” compensation under the IRC.
On March 24, 2021, our stockholders approved the 2021 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2021 Equity Plan”). The 2021 Equity Plan is an omnibus plan that provides for a variety of equity and equity-based award vehicles, including stock options, stock appreciation rights, RSUs, performance shares, and other share-based awards. Shares subject to awards that terminate without vesting or exercise are available for future awards under the 2021 Equity Plan. Certain of the awards under the 2021 Equity Plan may qualify as “performance-based” compensation under the IRC.
No further shares are authorized for issuance under the 2006 Equity Plan was amended in March 2015 to increase thePlan. There are 3,975,000 total shares of common stock authorized for issuance to 11,679,265. Atunder the 2021 Equity Plan, and at October 31, 2017,2021, there were 1,787,9545,406,414 shares of common stock available for grant for future equity-based compensation awards under the plan.awards. In addition, there are certain plans under which we can no longer issue awards, such as the 2006 Equity Plan, although awards outstanding under thesesuch plans may still vest and be exercised.
We also maintain an employee stock purchase plan, which our stockholders approved on March 9, 2004 (the “2004 Employee Stock Purchase Plan”). The 2004 Employee Stock Purchase Plan wasAs amended, in March 2016 to increase thethere are 4,000,000 total shares of common stock authorized for issuance to 4,000,000.under the 2004 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Effective May 1, 2006, the plan2004 Employee Stock Purchase Plan is no longer considered compensatory and the values of the awards are no longer treated as share-based compensation expense. Additionally, as of that date, the purchase price became 95% of the fair value of our common stock price on the last trading day of the month. Employees may designate up to 10% of their compensation for the purchase of stock, subject to a $25,000 annual limit. Employees are required to hold their shares for a minimum of six months from the date of purchase. At October 31, 2017,2021, there were 971,412518,881 remaining unissued shares under the plan.2004 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
Compensation Expense by Type of Award and Related Income Tax Benefit
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| RSUs | $ | 17.6 | | | $ | 11.5 | | | $ | 9.5 | |
| Performance shares | 15.8 | | | 8.8 | | | 8.0 | |
| | | | | |
| Share-based compensation expense before income taxes | 33.5 | | | 20.3 | | | 17.5 | |
| Income tax benefit | (9.4) | | | (5.7) | | | (4.9) | |
| Share-based compensation expense, net of taxes | $ | 24.1 | | | $ | 14.6 | | | $ | 12.5 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| RSUs | $ | 7.2 |
| | $ | 7.1 |
| | $ | 6.9 |
|
| Performance shares | 6.1 |
| | 6.7 |
| | 6.5 |
|
| Stock options | — |
| | 0.3 |
| | 0.8 |
|
Share-based compensation expense before income taxes(1) | 13.3 |
| | 14.0 |
| | 14.2 |
|
| Income tax benefit | (5.4 | ) | | (6.0 | ) | | (5.9 | ) |
| Share-based compensation expense, net of taxes | $ | 7.9 |
| | $ | 8.0 |
| | $ | 8.3 |
|
(1)Includes share-based compensation expenses related to discontinued operations of $0.3 million for 2015.
RSUs and Dividend Equivalent Rights
We award RSUs to eligible employees and our directors (each, a “Grantee”) that entitle the Grantee to receive shares of our common stock as the units vest. RSUs granted to eligible employees in 2020 and 2021 generally vest ratably over three years. RSUs granted to eligible employees prior to 2020 generally vest with respect to 50% of the underlying award on the second and fourth anniversary of the award. RSUs granted to non-employee directors vest over three years.on the first anniversary date of the grant date. In general, the receipt of RSUs is subject to the Grantee’s continuing employment or service as a director.
RSUs are credited with dividend equivalent rights that are converted to RSUs at the fair market value of our common stock on the dates the dividend payments are made and are subject to the same terms and conditions as the underlying award.
|
| | | | | | |
| | Number of Shares (in millions) | | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share |
| Outstanding at October 31, 2016 | 1.0 |
| | $ | 28.83 |
|
| Granted | 0.4 |
| | 41.79 |
|
| Vested (including 0.1 shares withheld for income taxes) | (0.4 | ) | | 26.45 |
|
| Forfeited | (0.1 | ) | | 31.29 |
|
| Outstanding at October 31, 2017 | 0.9 |
| | $ | 34.18 |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| Number of
Shares
(in millions) | | Weighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Value per Share |
| Outstanding at October 31, 2020 | 1.1 | | | $ | 36.32 | |
| Granted | 0.4 | | | 40.22 | |
| Vested (including 0.2 shares withheld for income taxes) | (0.5) | | | 36.34 | |
| Forfeited | (0.2) | | | 36.56 | |
| Outstanding at October 31, 2021 | 1.0 | | | $ | 38.06 | |
| | | |
At October 31, 2017,2021, total unrecognized compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to RSUs was $21.0$21.4 million, which is expected to be recognized ratably over a weighted-average vesting period of 3.11.7 years. In 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, and 2015,2019, the weighted-average grant date fair value per share of awards granted was $41.79, $35.62,$40.22, $36.11, and $29.31,$34.48, respectively. In 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, and 2015,2019, the total grant date fair value of RSUs vested and converted to shares of ABM common stock was $9.4$16.9 million, $7.2$6.1 million, and $9.4$10.7 million, respectively.respectively
Performance Shares, Including TSR Performance Shares
Performance shares consist of a contingent right to receive shares of our common stock based on performance targets adopted by our Compensation Committee. Performance shares are credited with dividend equivalent rights that will be converted to performance shares at the fair market value of our common stock beginning after the performance targets have been satisfied and are subject to the same terms and conditions as the underlying award.
For certain performance share awards, the number of performance shares that will vest is based on pre-established internal financial performance targets and typically a three-year service and performance period. The number of TSRTSR-modified awards that will vest over the respective three-year performance period is based on our total shareholder return relative to the S&P 600 at the time of grant over the respective three-year performance period.1500 Composite Commercial Services & Supplies Index. Vesting of 0% to 150% of the awards originally granted may occur depending on the respective performance metrics under both award types.metrics.
Performance Share Activity
| | | | | | | Number of Shares
(in millions) | | Weighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
per Share |
| | Number of Shares (in millions) | | Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share | |
| Outstanding at October 31, 2016 | 0.9 |
| | $ | 29.28 |
| |
| Outstanding at October 31, 2020 | | Outstanding at October 31, 2020 | 0.8 | | | $ | 37.35 | |
| Granted | 0.2 |
| | 39.21 |
| Granted | 0.3 | | | 39.97 | |
| Vested (including 0.1 shares withheld for income taxes) | (0.3 | ) | | 27.41 |
| Vested (including 0.1 shares withheld for income taxes) | (0.2) | | | 36.53 | |
| Performance adjustments | — |
| | 28.06 |
| Performance adjustments | 0.2 | | | 37.63 | |
| Forfeited | (0.1 | ) | | 31.74 |
| Forfeited | (0.1) | | | 39.22 | |
| Outstanding at October 31, 2017 | 0.8 |
| | $ | 32.83 |
| |
| Outstanding at October 31, 2021 | | Outstanding at October 31, 2021 | 1.0 | | | $ | 38.25 | |
|
At October 31, 2017,2021, total unrecognized compensation cost related to performance share awards was $11.5$15.4 million, which is expected to be recognized ratably over a weighted-average vesting period of 1.91.7 years. Except for TSR performance shares, these costs are based on estimated achievement of performance targets and estimated costs are periodically reevaluated. For our TSR performance shares, these costs are based on the fair value of awards at the grant date and are recognized on a straight-line basis over the service period of 3three years.
In 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, and 2015,2019, the weighted-average grant date fair value per share of awards granted was $39.21, $28.99,$39.97, $35.92, and $29.82,$35.44, respectively. In 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, and 2015,2019, the total grant date fair value of performance shares vested and converted to shares of ABM common stock was $7.0$9.0 million, $6.6$6.1 million, and $5.0 million.$6.8 million, respectively.
In 2017, 20162021, 2020, and 2015,2019, we used the Monte Carlo simulation valuation technique to estimate the fair value of TSR performance share grants, which used the assumptions in the table below.
Monte Carlo Assumptions
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
Expected life(1) | 2.81 years | | 2.81 years | | 2.81 years |
Expected stock price volatility(2) | 42.9 | % | | 28.7 | % | | 27.7 | % |
| | | | | |
Risk-free interest rate(3) | 0.2 | % | | 1.5 | % | | 2.5 | % |
Stock price(4) | $ | 40.75 | | | $ | 37.99 | | | $ | 34.92 | |
| | | | | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
Expected life(1) | 2.14 years |
| | 2.13 years |
| | 2.15 years |
|
Expected stock price volatility(2) | 21.4 | % | | 19.0 | % | | 18.9 | % |
Risk-free interest rate(3) | 1.3 | % | | 0.8 | % | | 0.8 | % |
Stock price(4) | $ | 40.21 |
| | $ | 38.65 |
| | $ | 30.25 |
|
(1) The expected life represents the remaining performance period of the awards.
(2) The expected volatility for each grant is determined based on the historical volatility of our common stock over a period equal to the remaining term of the performance period from the date of grant for all awards.
(3)The risk-free interest rate is based on the continuous compounded yield on U.S. Treasury Constant Maturity Rates with varying remaining terms; the yield is determined over a time period commensurate with the performance period from the grant date.
(4)The stock price is the closing price of our common stock on the valuation date.
Stock Options
Typically, stock options vest and become exercisable at a rate of 25% per year beginning one year after the date of grant. However, terms of stock options can vary, and certain stock options granted on January 10, 2011 vested on the fifth anniversary of the award. During 2017, 2016, and 2015, no stock options were granted. All option grants provide for an option exercise price equal to the closing market value of the common stock on the date of grant. Options typically expire 7 years after the date of grant.
Stock Option Activity
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Number of Shares (in millions) | | Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share | | Weighted-Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)(1) | | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions)(2) |
| Outstanding at October 31, 2016 | 0.4 |
| | $ | 17.74 |
| | | | |
| Forfeited or expired | — |
| | 25.30 |
| | | | |
| Exercised | (0.1 | ) | | 20.13 |
| | | | |
| Outstanding at October 31, 2017 | 0.2 |
| | $ | 16.29 |
| | 2.0 | | $ | 6.2 |
|
| Exercisable at October 31, 2017 | 0.1 |
| | $ | 18.49 |
| | 2.0 | | $ | 3.2 |
|
(1) Excludes contractual terms associated with plans prior to the 2006 Equity Plan due to the uncertainty of expiration.
(2) Amount by which the current market price of our common stock on October 31, 2017 exceeds the exercise price.
At October 31, 2017, we had no unrecognized compensation cost related to stock option grants. For 2017, 2016, and 2015, the total intrinsic value of stock options exercised was $2.6 million, $3.4 million, and $8.8 million, respectively. In 2017, 2016, and 2015, the total grant date fair value of stock options vested was $0.2 million, $1.7 million, and $2.1 million, respectively.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Weighted-average fair value of granted purchase rights per share | $ | 2.17 | | | $ | 1.75 | | | $ | 1.77 | |
| Common stock issued | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | | | 0.1 | |
| Fair value of common stock issued per share | $ | 41.18 | | | $ | 33.18 | | | $ | 33.60 | |
| Aggregate purchases | $ | 3.3 | | | $ | 3.5 | | | $ | 4.1 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| Weighted average fair value of granted purchase rights per share | $ | 2.11 |
| | $ | 1.63 |
| | $ | 1.51 |
|
| Common stock issued | 0.1 | | 0.2 |
| | 0.2 |
|
| Fair value of common stock issued per share | $ | 40.07 |
| | $ | 30.94 |
| | $ | 28.77 |
|
| Aggregate purchases | $ | 4.7 |
| | $ | 4.7 |
| | $ | 4.7 |
|
17.16. INCOME TAXES
Geographic Sources of Income Fromfrom Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes
| | | | Years Ended October 31, | | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 | (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| United States | $ | 76.1 |
| | $ | 45.1 |
| | $ | 60.5 |
| United States | $ | 152.8 | | | $ | 45.2 | | | $ | 137.1 | |
| Foreign | 10.8 |
| | 6.8 |
| | 11.9 |
| Foreign | 27.0 | | | 8.1 | | | 23.1 | |
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 86.9 |
| | $ | 51.9 |
| | $ | 72.4 |
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 179.8 | | | $ | 53.3 | | | $ | 160.2 | |
Components of Income Tax (Provision) Benefit
| | | | Years Ended October 31, | | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 | (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Current: | | | | | | Current: | | | | | |
| Federal | $ | (5.9 | ) | | $ | 17.5 |
| | $ | (3.7 | ) | Federal | $ | (66.3) | | | $ | (59.3) | | | $ | (6.4) | |
| State | (6.0 | ) | | (9.3 | ) | | (3.7 | ) | State | (27.4) | | | (28.6) | | | (10.7) | |
| Foreign | (3.0 | ) | | (1.5 | ) | | (2.8 | ) | Foreign | (7.8) | | | (1.7) | | | (5.9) | |
| Deferred: | | | | | | Deferred: | |
| Federal | 5.0 |
| | 3.6 |
| | (7.9 | ) | Federal | 34.9 | | | 23.2 | | | (8.5) | |
| State | 0.3 |
| | (0.5 | ) | | (0.3 | ) | State | 13.2 | | | 12.5 | | | (1.6) | |
| Foreign | 0.8 |
| | 0.6 |
| | 0.1 |
| Foreign | (0.1) | | | 0.9 | | | 0.4 | |
| Income tax (provision) benefit | $ | (8.8 | ) | | $ | 10.4 |
| | $ | (18.3 | ) | |
| Income tax provision | | Income tax provision | $ | (53.5) | | | $ | (53.1) | | | $ | (32.7) | |
Reconciliation of the U.S. Statutory Tax Rate to Annual Effective Tax Rate (Benefit)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Years Ended October 31, |
| 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| U.S. statutory rate | 21.0 | % | | 21.0 | % | | 21.0 | % |
| State and local income taxes, net of federal tax benefit | 6.8 | | | (0.6) | | | 5.9 | |
| Federal and state tax credits | (2.6) | | | (4.7) | | | (3.9) | |
| Impact of foreign operations | 0.3 | | | 1.3 | | | (1.0) | |
| Changes in uncertain tax positions | 1.5 | | | (2.0) | | | (0.8) | |
| Incremental tax benefit from share-based compensation awards | (0.4) | | | (1.6) | | | (0.7) | |
| Energy efficiency incentives | (0.7) | | | (3.8) | | | — | |
| Impact from goodwill impairment | — | | | 81.7 | | | — | |
| Transition tax on foreign earnings | — | | | — | | | (1.1) | |
| Remeasurement of U.S. deferred taxes | — | | | — | | | (0.3) | |
| Nondeductible expenses | 2.9 | | | 4.4 | | | 2.1 | |
| Other, net | 1.0 | | | 3.9 | | | (0.8) | |
| Effective tax rate | 29.8 | % | | 99.6 | % | | 20.4 | % |
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| U.S. statutory rate | 35.0 | % | | 35.0 | % | | 35.0 | % |
| State and local income taxes, net of federal tax benefit | 5.5 |
| | 7.8 |
| | 6.5 |
|
| Federal and state tax credits | (7.5 | ) | | (22.7 | ) | | (9.6 | ) |
| Impact of foreign operations | (2.7 | ) | | (5.0 | ) | | (3.6 | ) |
| Changes in uncertain tax positions | (19.7 | ) | | (40.0 | ) | | (5.2 | ) |
| Incremental tax benefit from share-based compensation awards | (4.2 | ) | | (4.2 | ) | | — |
|
| Tax credits for energy efficient government buildings | (2.2 | ) | | (2.4 | ) | | (2.8 | ) |
| Nondeductible expenses | 5.7 |
| | 7.7 |
| | 3.8 |
|
| Other, net | 0.1 |
| | 3.8 |
| | 1.2 |
|
| Annual effective tax rate (benefit) | 10.1 | % | | (20.0 | )% | | 25.3 | % |
On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“Tax Act”) was enacted into law. Among other provisions, it reduced the federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% and required companies to pay a one-time transition tax on the deemed repatriation of indefinitely reinvested earnings of international subsidiaries. Our U.S. statutory federal tax rate for fiscal 2019 and future years was reduced to 21%. Other provisions under the Tax Act became effective for us in fiscal 2019, including limitations on deductibility of interest and executive compensation, as well as a new minimum tax on Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”), which we have elected to account for as a period cost. While U.S. federal tax expense has been recognized as a result of the Tax Act, no deferred tax liabilities with respect to federal and state income taxes or foreign withholding taxes have been recognized.
During 2021 and 2020, we had effective tax rates of 29.8% and 99.6%, respectively, resulting in a provision for 2017 were favorablytax of $53.5 million and $53.1 million, respectively. Our effective tax rate for 2021 was impacted by the following discrete items: a benefit of $17.8$3.0 million including interest ofprovision for nondeductible transaction costs; a $2.6 million provision for change in tax reserves; a $1.4 million provision for true-ups; and a $1.2 million benefit for energy efficiency incentives. Our effective tax rate for 2020 was also impacted by the following discrete items: a $5.7 million benefit from true-ups; a $2.3 million provision related to expiring statutesWOTC; a $2.1 million benefit from energy efficiency incentives; and a $1.1 million benefit from change of limitationstax reserves. The effective tax rate for an uncertainthe year ended October 31, 2020, excluding a nondeductible impairment loss of $163.8 million, was 24.4%.
In response to the Pandemic, Congress enacted the CARES Act on March 27, 2020. The CARES Act provides various tax position. In addition, in 2017provisions, including payroll tax provisions, which we also benefited from $3.6have evaluated for applicability. Through December 31, 2020, we deferred approximately $132 million of excesspayroll tax, benefits relatedwhich the CARES Act requires to the vesting of share-based compensation awards, $1.9 million ofbe remitted in equal parts by December 31, 2021, and December 31, 2022. The CARES Act did not have a material impact on our income tax credits for energy efficient government buildings, and the 2017 WOTC.
Our income taxes for 2016 were favorably impacted by a benefit of $20.8 million, including interest of $0.6 million, related to expiring statutes of limitations for an uncertain tax position, $6.7 million of WOTC related to new hires in 2016, $5.1 million of WOTC from the retroactive reinstatement of the WOTC for calendar year 2015, $2.2 million of excess tax benefits related to the vesting of share-based compensation awards, and $1.2 million of tax credits for energy efficient government buildings.
provision.
Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| As of October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 |
| Deferred tax assets attributable to: | | | |
| Self-insurance claims (net of recoverables) | $ | 92.0 | | | $ | 74.7 | |
| Deferred and other compensation | 34.4 | | | 28.6 | |
| Accounts receivable allowances | 8.2 | | | 8.8 | |
| Settlement liabilities | 44.2 | | | 5.0 | |
| Other accruals | 6.6 | | | 1.5 | |
| Other comprehensive income | 1.3 | | | 2.7 | |
| State taxes | 0.7 | | | 1.4 | |
| State net operating loss carryforwards | 4.0 | | | 5.9 | |
| Tax credits | 2.9 | | | 3.7 | |
| Unrecognized tax benefits | 3.3 | | | 3.2 | |
| Deferred payroll taxes | 35.1 | | | 26.9 | |
| Operating lease liabilities | 33.5 | | | 38.2 | |
| Gross deferred tax assets | 266.2 | | | 200.6 | |
| Valuation allowance | (2.2) | | | (4.1) | |
| Total deferred tax assets | 264.0 | | | 196.5 | |
| | | |
| Deferred tax liabilities attributable to: | | | |
| Property, plant and equipment | (4.1) | | | (1.2) | |
| Goodwill and other acquired intangibles | (222.2) | | | (159.4) | |
| Right-of-use assets | (33.8) | | | (38.2) | |
| Tax accounting method change | (15.8) | | | — | |
| Other | (10.6) | | | (8.5) | |
| Total deferred tax liabilities | (286.5) | | | (207.3) | |
| | | |
| Net deferred tax liabilities | $ | (22.5) | | | $ | (10.8) | |
|
| | | | | | | |
| | As of October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 |
| Deferred tax assets attributable to: | | | |
| Self-insurance claims (net of recoverables) | $ | 124.4 |
| | $ | 108.4 |
|
| Deferred and other compensation | 34.7 |
| | 33.4 |
|
| Impairment loss on assets held for sale | — |
| | 9.2 |
|
| Accounts receivable allowances | 8.9 |
| | 6.6 |
|
| Settlement liabilities | 6.5 |
| | 2.6 |
|
| Other accruals | 3.5 |
| | 2.9 |
|
| Other comprehensive income | 0.4 |
| | 1.5 |
|
| State taxes | 0.8 |
| | 0.6 |
|
| State net operating loss carryforwards | 12.3 |
| | 5.7 |
|
| Federal net operating loss carryforwards | 19.9 |
| | — |
|
| Tax credits | 19.9 |
| | 9.9 |
|
| Unrecognized tax benefits | 7.2 |
| | 2.6 |
|
| Other | 3.1 |
| | 3.1 |
|
| Gross deferred tax assets | 241.5 |
| | 186.5 |
|
| Valuation allowance | (7.7 | ) | | (5.4 | ) |
| Total deferred tax assets | 233.8 |
| | 181.1 |
|
| | | | |
| Deferred tax liabilities attributable to: | | | |
| Property, plant and equipment | (5.9 | ) | | (2.2 | ) |
| Goodwill and other acquired intangibles | (282.0 | ) | | (141.8 | ) |
| Equity in earnings of foreign investments | (3.2 | ) | | (3.2 | ) |
| Total deferred tax liabilities | (291.1 | ) | | (147.2 | ) |
| | | | |
| Net deferred tax (liabilities) assets | $ | (57.3 | ) | | $ | 33.9 |
|
Net Operating Loss Carryforwards and Tax Credits
State net operating loss carryforwards totaling $208.4$74.2 million at October 31, 20172021, are being carried forward in a number ofseveral state jurisdictions where we are permitted to use taxnet operating losses from prior periods to reduce future taxable income. These operating losses will expire between 20182022 and 2037.2041. Federal net operating loss carryforwards totaling $56.8 million are available to reduce future taxable income and will expire between 2037 and 2038.were fully utilized during 2020. Federal and state tax creditscredit carryforwards totaling $25.1$3.4 million are available to reduce future cash taxes and will expire between 20212022 and 2038, other than alternate minimum tax credits which do not expire.2041.
The valuation allowance represents the amount of tax benefits related to state net operating loss carryforwards that are not likely to be realized. We believe the remaining net deferred tax assets are more likely than not to be realizable based on estimates of future taxable income.
Changes to the Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance
| | | | Years Ended October 31, | | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 | (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Valuation allowance at beginning of year | $ | 5.4 |
| | $ | 5.5 |
| | $ | 6.2 |
| Valuation allowance at beginning of year | $ | 4.1 | | | $ | 8.4 | | | $ | 12.0 | |
| GCA Services acquisition | 4.1 |
| | — |
| | — |
| |
| Sale of Security business | — |
| | — |
| | (0.8 | ) | |
| Other, net | (1.8 | ) | | (0.1 | ) | | 0.1 |
| Other, net | (1.9) | | | (4.3) | | | (3.6) | |
| Valuation allowance at end of year | $ | 7.7 |
| | $ | 5.4 |
| | $ | 5.5 |
| Valuation allowance at end of year | $ | 2.2 | | | $ | 4.1 | | | $ | 8.4 | |
Unrecognized Tax Benefits
At October 31, 2017, 2016,2021, 2020, and 2015,2019, there were $50.5$30.4 million, $52.0$35.5 million, and $75.6$35.3 million, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits that if recognized in the future would impact our effective tax rate. We estimate that a decrease in unrecognized tax benefits of up to approximately $12.2$8.3 million is reasonably possible over the next twelve12 months due to the resolutionlapses of certain tax matters.applicable statutes of limitations. At October 31, 20172021 and 2016,2020, accrued interest and penalties were $1.9$1.6 million and $2.3$1.5 million, respectively. For interest and penalties, we recognized an expense of $0.1 million and $0.4 million in 2021 and 2020, respectively, and a benefit of $0.5 million and $0.9$0.2 million in 2017 and 2016, respectively, and expense of $1.0 million in 2015.2019.
Reconciliation of Total Unrecognized Tax Benefits
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Balance at beginning of year | $ | 35.5 | | | $ | 35.3 | | | $ | 35.8 | |
| Additions for tax positions related to the current year | 3.7 | | | 2.1 | | | — | |
| Additions for tax positions related to prior years | 0.3 | | | 1.6 | | | 3.6 | |
| Reductions for tax positions related to prior years | (5.3) | | | — | | | — | |
| Reductions for lapse of statute of limitations | (2.5) | | | (3.0) | | | (3.9) | |
| Settlements | (1.3) | | | (0.5) | | | (0.3) | |
| Balance at end of year | $ | 30.4 | | | $ | 35.5 | | | $ | 35.3 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| Balance at beginning of year | $ | 57.2 |
| | $ | 82.5 |
| | $ | 85.5 |
|
| Additions for tax positions related to the current year | — |
| | — |
| | 2.1 |
|
| Additions for tax positions related to prior years | 16.4 |
| | — |
| | 0.1 |
|
| Reductions for tax positions related to prior years | (0.1 | ) | | (3.2 | ) | | — |
|
| Reductions for lapse of statute of limitations | (19.7 | ) | | (21.9 | ) | | (5.2 | ) |
| Settlements | (0.3 | ) | | (0.2 | ) | | — |
|
| Balance at end of year | $ | 53.4 |
| | $ | 57.2 |
| | $ | 82.5 |
|
Jurisdictions
We conduct business in all 50 states, significantly in California, Texas, and New York, as well as in various foreign jurisdictions. Our most significant income tax jurisdiction is the United States.
Tax Years Open Due to expired statutes and closed audits, our federal income tax returns for Examination,years prior to fiscal 2018 are no longer subject to examination by Entity
|
| |
Entity | Open by Statute |
ABM state tax returns(1)
| 10/31/2013 – 10/31/2017 |
ABM federal tax returns | 10/31/2014 – 10/31/2017 |
GCA state tax returns | 12/31/2013 – 9/1/2017 |
GCA federal tax returns | 12/31/2014 – 9/1/2017 |
(1) the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. Generally, for the majority of state and foreign jurisdictions where we do business, periods prior to fiscal 2018 are no longer subject to examination. We are currently being examined by the taxingIRS and tax authorities in the states of Alabama, Arizona, California, Connecticut, Florida, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York City, and Tennessee.Montana.
Reinvestment of Foreign EarningsWe plan to reinvest our foreign earnings to fund future non-U.S. growth and expansion. As a result, we do not anticipate remitting such earnings to the United States and have not provided for federal and state income taxes or foreign withholding taxes that may result if such earnings of our foreign subsidiaries are remitted to the United States.
18.17. SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
Segment Information
Effective November 1, 2016, we reorganized our reportable segments to reflect how we now manage our business by industry group. Our reportable segments consist of Business & Industry (“B&I”), Aviation, Emerging Industries Group, Technical Solutions, and the newly acquired GCA Services. Among other changes, once we integrate GCA into our industry group model in 2018, we anticipate our Education industry group will become a reportable segment. We also expect to present a new Technology & Manufacturing reportable segment, that will combine our High Tech industry group and the legacy GCA and ABM Industrial & Manufacturing (“I&M”) businesses. ABM’s legacy I&M business was included in the B&I segment. Refer to Note 2, “Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies,” for information related to the former Government Services business.
Segment Information
Our current reportable segments consist of B&I, T&M, Education, Aviation, and Technical Solutions, as further described below. The newly acquired Able is integrated within our B&I reportable segment.
ONGOING | | | | | |
| REPORTABLE SEGMENTS AND DESCRIPTIONS |
| B&I | B&I, our largest reportable segment, encompasses janitorial, facilities engineering,services, and parking services for commercial real estate properties, sports and entertainment venues, and traditional hospitals and non-acute healthcare facilities. B&I also provides vehicle maintenance and other services to rental car providers. |
| T&M | T&M provides janitorial, facilities services, and parking services to industrial and high-tech manufacturing sites.facilities. |
| Education | Education delivers janitorial, custodial, landscaping and grounds, facilities engineering, and parking services for public school districts, private schools, colleges, and universities. |
| Aviation | Aviation supports airlines and airports with services ranging from parking and janitorial to passenger assistance, catering logistics, air cabin maintenance, and transportation. Aviation also includes an investment in an unconsolidated affiliate that was previously part of our government business under our legacy Building & Energy Solutions segment. |
Emerging Industries Group | Our Emerging Industries Group is comprised of our Education, Healthcare, and High Tech industry groups. Services include janitorial, facilities engineering, and parking services for clients in these industries. |
| Technical Solutions | Technical Solutions provides specializedspecializes in mechanical and electrical services. These services can also be leveraged for cross-selling within B&I, Aviation, and the Emerging Industries Group,across all of our industry groups, both domestically and internationally. |
GCA Services | GCA Services is a provider of integrated facility services to educational institutions and commercial facilities. |
The accounting policies for our segments are the same as those disclosed within our significant accounting policies in Note 2, “Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies.” Our management evaluates the performance of each reportable segment based on its respective operating profit results, which include the allocation of certain centrally incurred costs. Corporate expenses not allocated to segments include certain CEO and other finance and human resource departmental expenses, certain information technology costs, share-based compensation, certain legal costs and settlements, restructuring and related costs, certain actuarial adjustments resulting from actuarial developments ofto self-insurance reserves, and direct acquisition costs. Management does not review asset information by segment, therefore we do not present assets in this note.
Financial Information by Reportable Segment |
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| Revenues | | | | | |
| Business & Industry | $ | 2,992.5 |
| | $ | 2,949.1 |
| | $ | 2,890.3 |
|
| Aviation | 988.1 |
| | 851.8 |
| | 790.0 |
|
| Emerging Industries Group | 777.1 |
| | 801.9 |
| | 777.0 |
|
| Technical Solutions | 439.6 |
| | 425.3 |
| | 296.9 |
|
| GCA Services | 169.7 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
| Government Services | 86.5 |
| | 116.7 |
| | 143.7 |
|
| | $ | 5,453.6 |
| | $ | 5,144.7 |
| | $ | 4,897.8 |
|
| Operating profit (loss) | | | | | |
| Business & Industry | $ | 154.0 |
| | $ | 135.4 |
| | $ | 145.5 |
|
| Aviation | 28.8 |
| | 27.7 |
| | 28.8 |
|
| Emerging Industries Group | 45.9 |
| | 61.0 |
| | 50.4 |
|
| Technical Solutions | 39.0 |
| | 28.9 |
| | 17.7 |
|
| GCA Services | 3.4 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
| Government Services | 21.8 |
| | (23.4 | ) | | 2.9 |
|
| Corporate | (185.0 | ) | | (167.2 | ) | | (160.7 | ) |
| Adjustment for income from unconsolidated affiliates, net, included in Aviation and Government Services | (4.1 | ) | | (6.5 | ) | | (9.0 | ) |
| Adjustment for tax credits for energy efficient government buildings, included in Technical Solutions | (1.9 | ) | | (1.2 | ) | | (2.0 | ) |
| | 101.9 |
| | 54.7 |
| | 73.6 |
|
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates, net | 4.2 |
| | 7.6 |
| | 9.0 |
|
| Interest expense | (19.2 | ) | | (10.4 | ) | | (10.2 | ) |
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 86.9 |
| | $ | 51.9 |
| | $ | 72.4 |
|
| | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization(1) | | | | | |
| Business & Industry | $ | 17.1 |
| | $ | 17.7 |
| | $ | 18.1 |
|
| Aviation | 13.3 |
| | 12.2 |
| | 13.2 |
|
| Emerging Industries Group | 5.0 |
| | 5.5 |
| | 5.7 |
|
| Technical Solutions | 12.5 |
| | 12.3 |
| | 8.7 |
|
| GCA Services | 10.8 |
| | — |
| | — |
|
| Government Services | — |
| | 1.6 |
| | 1.8 |
|
| Corporate | 11.4 |
| | 8.2 |
| | 9.5 |
|
| | $ | 70.1 |
| | $ | 57.5 |
| | $ | 57.0 |
|
(1) Excludes amortization related to income from unconsolidated affiliates. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Revenues | | | | | |
| Business & Industry | $ | 3,346.5 | | | $ | 3,157.8 | | | $ | 3,251.4 | |
| Technology & Manufacturing | 987.1 | | | 956.0 | | | 917.0 | |
| Education | 836.4 | | | 808.8 | | | 847.4 | |
| Aviation | 668.8 | | | 680.9 | | | 1,017.3 | |
| Technical Solutions | 534.0 | | | 506.6 | | | 593.2 | |
| | | | | |
| Elimination of inter-segment revenues | (144.2) | | | (122.4) | | | (127.7) | |
| $ | 6,228.6 | | | $ | 5,987.6 | | | $ | 6,498.6 | |
| Operating profit | | | | | |
| Business & Industry | $ | 337.8 | | | $ | 253.7 | | | $ | 182.3 | |
| Technology & Manufacturing | 103.8 | | | 84.4 | | | 72.5 | |
Education(1) | 60.5 | | | (41.1) | | | 39.0 | |
Aviation(2) | 32.5 | | | (59.6) | | | 21.1 | |
Technical Solutions(3) | 49.8 | | | 9.5 | | | 55.4 | |
| Government Services | (0.2) | | | (0.1) | | | (0.1) | |
Corporate(4) | (374.6) | | | (146.9) | | | (159.0) | |
| Adjustment for income from unconsolidated affiliates, included in Aviation | (2.1) | | | (2.2) | | | (3.0) | |
Adjustment for tax deductions for energy efficient government
buildings, included in Technical Solutions | (1.2) | | | (2.1) | | | 0.1 | |
| 206.3 | | | 95.7 | | | 208.3 | |
| Income from unconsolidated affiliates | 2.1 | | | 2.2 | | | 3.0 | |
| Interest expense | (28.6) | | | (44.6) | | | (51.1) | |
| Income from continuing operations before income taxes | $ | 179.8 | | | $ | 53.3 | | | $ | 160.2 | |
| | | | | |
| Depreciation and amortization | | | | | |
| Business & Industry | $ | 20.4 | | | $ | 18.9 | | | $ | 21.3 | |
| Technology & Manufacturing | 11.3 | | | 12.5 | | | 14.3 | |
| Education | 30.6 | | | 33.8 | | | 37.3 | |
| Aviation | 9.1 | | | 10.6 | | | 11.9 | |
| Technical Solutions | 5.9 | | | 7.2 | | | 8.6 | |
| | | | | |
| Corporate | 12.7 | | | 13.5 | | | 13.9 | |
| $ | 89.9 | | | $ | 96.4 | | | $ | 107.4 | |
(1) Reflects impairment charges totaling $99.3 million on goodwill during the year ended October 31, 2020.
(2) Reflects impairment charges totaling $61.1 million on goodwill and intangible assets during the year ended October 31, 2020.
(3) Reflects impairment charges totaling $12.4 million on goodwill and intangible assets during the year ended October 31, 2020.
(4) Reflects accrued litigation settlement reserve totaling $142.9 million for the Bucio case during the year ended October 31, 2021
Geographic Information Based on the Country in Which the Sale Originated(1)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2021 | | 2020 | | 2019 |
| Revenues | | | | | |
| United States | $ | 5,847.8 | | | $ | 5,625.1 | | | $ | 6,025.2 | |
| All other countries | 380.8 | | | 362.5 | | | 473.3 | |
| $ | 6,228.6 | | | $ | 5,987.6 | | | $ | 6,498.6 | |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Years Ended October 31, |
| (in millions) | 2017 | | 2016 | | 2015 |
| Revenues | | | | | |
| United States | $ | 5,126.8 |
| | $ | 4,845.3 |
| | $ | 4,687.2 |
|
| All other countries | 326.8 |
| | 299.4 |
| | 210.6 |
|
| | $ | 5,453.6 |
| | $ | 5,144.7 |
| | $ | 4,897.8 |
|
(1)Substantially all of our long-lived assets are related to United States operations.
19. SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Fiscal Quarter | |
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | First | | Second | | Third | | Fourth | |
| Year ended October 31, 2017 | | | | | | | | |
| Revenues | $ | 1,326.7 |
| | $ | 1,310.5 |
| | $ | 1,318.4 |
| | $ | 1,497.9 |
| |
| Gross profit | 131.6 |
| | 145.9 |
| | 134.0 |
| | 160.9 |
| |
| Income (loss) from continuing operations | 16.1 |
| | 31.6 |
| | 32.9 |
| | (2.5 | ) | |
| Loss from discontinued operations, net of taxes | (72.9 | ) | | (0.4 | ) | | — |
| | (1.1 | ) | |
| Net (loss) income | $ | (56.8 | ) | | $ | 31.3 |
| | $ | 32.9 |
| | $ | (3.6 | ) | (1) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Net income per common share — Basic | | | | | | | | |
| Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 0.29 |
| | $ | 0.56 |
| | $ | 0.59 |
| | $ | (0.04 | ) | |
| Loss from discontinued operations | (1.30 | ) | | (0.01 | ) | | — |
| | (0.02 | ) | |
| Net (loss) income | $ | (1.01 | ) | | $ | 0.56 |
| | $ | 0.59 |
| | $ | (0.06 | ) | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Net income per common share — Diluted | | | | | | | | |
| Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | 0.28 |
| | $ | 0.56 |
| | $ | 0.58 |
| | $ | (0.04 | ) | |
| Loss from discontinued operations | (1.28 | ) | | (0.01 | ) | | — |
| | (0.02 | ) | |
| Net (loss) income | $ | (1.00 | ) | | $ | 0.55 |
| | $ | 0.58 |
| | $ | (0.06 | ) | (1) |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Year ended October 31, 2016 | | | | | | | | |
| Revenues | $ | 1,268.4 |
| | $ | 1,257.1 |
| | $ | 1,296.9 |
| | $ | 1,322.3 |
| |
| Gross profit | 127.1 |
| | 129.5 |
| | 135.6 |
| | 149.0 |
| |
| Income from continuing operations | 13.6 |
| | 6.8 |
| | 32.9 |
| | 9.0 |
| |
| Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes | 0.4 |
| | (2.4 | ) | | (1.8 | ) | | (1.2 | ) | |
| Net income | $ | 14.0 |
| | $ | 4.4 |
| | $ | 31.1 |
| (2) | $ | 7.8 |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | |
| Net income per common share — Basic | | | | | | | | |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.24 |
| | $ | 0.12 |
| | $ | 0.58 |
| | $ | 0.16 |
| |
| Income (loss) from discontinued operations | 0.01 |
| | (0.04 | ) | | (0.03 | ) | | (0.02 | ) | |
| Net income | $ | 0.25 |
| | $ | 0.08 |
| | $ | 0.55 |
| | $ | 0.14 |
| |
| | | | | | | | | |
| Net income per common share — Diluted | | | | | | | | |
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 0.24 |
| | $ | 0.12 |
| | $ | 0.58 |
| | $ | 0.16 |
| |
| Loss from discontinued operations | — |
| | (0.04 | ) | | (0.03 | ) | | (0.02 | ) | |
| Net income | $ | 0.24 |
| | $ | 0.08 |
| | $ | 0.55 |
| (2) | $ | 0.14 |
| |
(1) Includes transaction expenses of $22.0 million, or $0.38 per diluted share, related to the GCA acquisition.
(2) Includes a tax benefit of $19.0 million, or $0.33 per diluted share, related to expiring statutes of limitations.
20.18. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Our strategic transformation under ELEVATE will result in changes to our reportable segments in fiscal year 2022. To align the Company’s operations with the new strategic initiative, the Manufacturing & Distribution (“M&D”) industry group will be created, replacing T&M. As part of our focus to better serve our manufacturing and Jobs Act of 2017distribution clients, M&D will maintain our large manufacturing clients and add clients in the distribution sector from B&I. In addition, technology clients served by T&M will shift into B&I. This organizational structure change was approved by Congress on December 20, 2017, andeffective as of November 1, 2021. We will begin reporting our results under the filingnew reportable segment of this report, it is awaiting signature by President Donald J. Trump. The law includes significant changes to the U.S. corporate income tax system, including a Federal corporate rate reduction from 35% to 21%, limitations on the deductibility of interest expense and executive compensation, and the transition of U.S. international taxation from a worldwide tax system to a territorial tax system. This change may result in a U.S. tax liability on those earnings which have not previously been repatriated to the U.S., with future foreign earnings potentially not subject to U.S. income taxes when repatriated. The majority of the provisions will have an impact on ABMM&D beginning in the first quarter of fiscal years 2018 and 2019. We are in the process of analyzing the final legislation and determining an estimate of the financial impact.year 2022.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
a.Disclosure Controls and Procedures.
As of the end of the period covered by this report, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (1) recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission and (2) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
b. Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based upon the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013), issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of October 31, 2017.2021.
The Company acquired Mechanical Solutions, Inc. (“MSI”) and OFJ Connections Ltd (“OFJ”) on December 1, 2016 and GCA Holding Corp., the indirect parent company of GCA Services Group (“GCA”),Able on September 1, 2017.30, 2021. Management excluded these three businessesAble from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of October 31, 2017. These three businesses2021. Able represented in aggregate, approximately 5%4.4% of the Company’s total consolidated assets (excluding goodwill and intangibles, which are included within the scope of the assessment) and 4%1.6% of total consolidated revenues, as of and for the year ended October 31, 2017.2021.
Audit Report on Internal Controls over Financial Reporting of the Registered Public Accounting Firm
KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and, as part of their audit, has issued their report, included herein, on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting.
c. Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.
During 2017,To support the growth of our financial shared service capabilities and standardize our financial systems, we completedcontinue to update several key platforms, including our HR information systems, enterprise resource planning system, and labor management system. The implementation of several key platforms involves changes in the acquisitionssystems that include internal controls. Although some of GCA, MSI, and OFJ. As described above, we excluded these acquisitions from the scope of management’s report ontransitions have proceeded to date without material adverse effects, the possibility exists that they could adversely affect our internal controls over financial reporting for the year ended October 31, 2017. We are in the process of integrating these acquisitions into our overall internal control over financial reporting process and will include them in scope for the year ending October 31, 2018. In addition, we are currently migrating many of our financial reporting and other processes to our Enterprise Services Center as part of our 2020Vision strategic initiative. We plan to continue migrating such processes during 2018. Both the process of integrating these acquisitions into our overall internal control over financial reporting process and the migration of financial reporting and other processes into our Enterprise Services Center may result in additions or changes to our internal control over financial reporting.procedures.
There were no other changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2017year 2021 identified in connection with the evaluation required by RuleRules 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. As a result of the Pandemic, many of our office-based employees began working remotely in March 2020. This change to the working environment did not have a material effect on our internal controls over financial reporting during the fiscal year 2021. We are continually monitoring and assessing the impact of the Pandemic and the resulting changes to our working environment on our internal controls over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION.
Not applicable.Disclosure Pursuant to Section 219 of the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act
Section 219 of the Iran Threat Reduction and Syria Human Rights Act of 2012 (“ITRA”), effective August 10, 2012, added a new subsection (r) to Section 13 of the Exchange Act, which requires issuers that file periodic reports with the SEC to disclose in their annual and quarterly reports whether, during the reporting period, they or any of their “affiliates” (as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act) have knowingly engaged in specified activities or transactions relating to Iran, including activities not prohibited by U.S. law and conducted outside the United States by non-U.S. affiliates in compliance with applicable laws. Issuers must also file a notice with the SEC if any disclosable activity under ITRA has been included in an annual or quarterly report.
The Company recently discovered that one of its U.K. subsidiaries had been providing aircraft cleaning services to Iran Air since April 2020. The U.K. subsidiary terminated its relationship with Iran Air on August 30, 2021. The aggregate amount of payments received by the U.K. subsidiary in return for its services was approximately GBP 64,000, and the aggregated profits were GBP 6,400.
The Company has submitted a preliminary self-disclosure and investigation report of the U.K. subsidiary’s transactions with the U.S. Treasury Department Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”).
The Company intends to fully cooperate with OFAC in its review of this matter and does not currently expect that OFAC’s review will have a material adverse effect on the Company. The Company is also in the process of reviewing and developing enhanced controls, procedures, and other measures to ensure compliance with applicable law.
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.
Information about our executive officers is found in Part I, Item 1, of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under “Executive Officers of Registrant.” Additional information required by this item isItem will be set forth under the captions “Proposal No. 1—Election of Directors,” “Corporate Governance and Board Matters,” and “Audit-Related Matters,” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance”Matters” in our Definitive Proxy Statement for our 2022 Annual Meeting of Shareholders scheduled to be held on March 7, 2018 (“2018Stockholders (the “2022 Proxy Statement”). ThisSuch information is incorporated herein by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K.reference. Our 20182022 Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the conclusion of our fiscal year ended October 31, 2017.2021.
On March 24, 2017,On April 19, 2021, we filed our Annual CEO Certification as required by Section 303A.12 of the NYSE Listed Company Manual.
Code of Business Conduct
We have adopted and posted on our website (www.abm.com)(www.abm.com) the ABM Code of Business Conduct. Our Code of Business Conduct whichqualifies as a “code of ethics” within the meaning of Item 406 of Regulation S-K. Our Code of Business Conduct applies to all of our directors, officers, and employees, including our Principal Executive Officer, Principal Financial Officer, and Principal Accounting Officer. If any amendments are made to the Code of Business Conduct or if any waiver, including any implicit waiver, from a provision of the Code of Business Conduct is granted to our Principal Executive Officer, Principal Financial Officer, or Principal Accounting Officer, we will disclose the nature of such amendment or waiver on our website at the address specified above.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.
Information with respect to executive compensation is incorporatedrequired by reference from the informationthis Item will be set forth under the captions “Director Compensation for Fiscal Year 2021,” “Executive Compensation,” and “Corporate Governance and Board Matters”Matters—Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” in our 20182022 Proxy Statement.Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.
Information with respect to security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and equity compensation plan information and related stockholder matters is incorporatedrequired by reference from the informationthis Item will be set forth under the captions “Security“General Information—Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners,” “Security“General Information—Security Ownership of Directors and Executive Officers,” and “Equity“General Information—Equity Compensation Plan Information” in our 20182022 Proxy Statement.Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE.
Information with respect to certain relationships and related transactions and with respect to director independence is incorporatedrequired by reference from the informationthis Item will be set forth under the captions “Certain“General Information—Certain Relationships and Transactions with Related Persons” and “Corporate Governance and Board Matters” in our 20182022 Proxy Statement.Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES.
Information with respect to our Audit Committee’s pre-approval policy for audit services and our principal accounting fees and services is incorporatedrequired by reference from the informationthis Item will be set forth under the caption “Audit-Related Matters” in our 20182022 Proxy Statement.
Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.
(a)The following documents are filed as part of this report:
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(a) | The following documents are filed as part of this report: |
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1. Financial Statements: Index to Consolidated Financial Statements | |
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2. Financial Statement Schedule | |
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3. Exhibits | |
See | |
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ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | Balance
Beginning of Year | | Additions from Able Acquisition | | Charges to
Costs and Expenses | | Write-offs(1)/ Allowance Taken | | Balance
End of Year |
| Accounts receivable and sales allowances | | | | | | | | | |
| 2021 | $ | 35.5 | | | 1.3 | | | 44.3 | | | (48.4) | | | $ | 32.7 | |
| 2020 | 22.4 | | | — | | | 96.3 | | | (83.2) | | | 35.5 | |
| 2019 | 19.2 | | | — | | | 87.7 | | | (84.6) | | | 22.4 | |
(1)Write-offs are net of recoveries.
EXHIBIT INDEX
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Exhibit | | Exhibit Description | | Incorporated by Reference |
| No. | | Form | | File No. | | Exhibit | | Filing Date |
| 1.1 | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 1.1 | | March 19, 2018 |
| 2.1 | | Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated July 11, 2017, among GCA Holding Corp., ABM Industries Incorporated, Grade Sub One, Inc., Grade Sub Two, LLC and Thomas H. Lee Equity Fund VII, L.P. and Broad Street Principal Investments Holdings, L.P., acting jointly as the Securityholder Representative | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 2.1 | | July 14, 2017 |
| 2.2 | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 2.1 | | August 25, 2021 |
| 3.1 | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 3.1 | | March 27, 2020 |
| 3.2 | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 3.2 | | March 27, 2020 |
| 4.1 | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 4.1 | | December 17, 2020 |
| 10.1 | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.2 | | September 8, 2017 |
| 10.2 | | Letter Agreement, dated November 6, 2017, between ABM Industries Incorporated and Bank of America, N.A., as Swingline Lender with respect to the Credit Agreement dated as of September 1, 2017, among ABM Industries Incorporated, the Designated Borrowers party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.3 | | December 22, 2017 |
| 10.3 | | First Amendment, dated as of July 3, 2018, to the Credit Agreement dated September 1, 2017, by and among ABM Industries Incorporated, a Delaware corporation, the Designated Borrowers identified on the signature pages thereto, the Guarantors identified on the signature pages thereto, the Lenders identified on the signature pages thereto, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | September 7, 2018 |
| 10.4 | | Second Amendment, dated as of September 5, 2018, to the Credit Agreement dated September 1, 2017, by and among ABM Industries Incorporated, a Delaware corporation, the Designated Borrowers identified on the signature pages thereto, the Guarantors identified on the signature pages thereto, the Lenders identified on the signature pages thereto, and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.2 | | September 7, 2018 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 10.5 | | Third Amendment, dated as of May 28, 2020, to the Credit Agreement dated September 1, 2017, by and among ABM Industries Incorporated, a Delaware corporation, the Designated Borrowers identified on the signature pages thereto, the Guarantors identified on the signature pages thereto, the Lenders identified on the signatures pages thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | June 18, 2020 |
| 10.6 | | Fourth Amendment, dated as of June 28, 2021, to the Credit Agreement dated September 1, 2017, by and among ABM Industries Incorporated, a Delaware corporation, the Designated Borrowers identified on the signature pages thereto, the Guarantors identified on the signature pages thereto, the Lenders identified on the signature pages thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | September 9, 2021 |
| 10.7* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.17 | | January 14, 2005 |
| 10.8* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | September 8, 2006 |
| 10.9* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.7 | | December 23, 2010 |
| 10.10* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.9 | | December 21, 2018 |
| 10.11* | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | March 8, 2018 |
| 10.12* | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | March 26, 2021 |
| 10.13* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.2 | | June 3, 2015 |
| 10.14* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | March 5, 2020 |
| 10.15* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.16 | | December 17, 2020 |
| 10.16* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.17 | | December 17, 2020 |
| 10.17* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | June 9, 2021 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 10.18* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.3 | | June 3, 2015 |
| 10.19* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.2 | | March 5, 2020 |
| 10.20* | | | | 10-Q | | 008-08929 | | 10.2 | | June 9, 2021 |
| 10.21* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.18 | | December 20, 2019 |
| 10.22* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.19 | | December 20, 2019 |
| 10.23* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | September 6, 2012 |
| 10.24* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.22 | | December 23, 2010 |
| 10.25* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.4 | | September 8, 2008 |
| 10.26* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.5 | | September 8, 2008 |
| 10.27* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | March 10, 2011 |
| 10.28* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.28 | | December 22, 2017 |
| 10.29* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.29 | | December 22, 2017 |
| 10.30* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | March 7, 2018 |
| 10.31* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.2 | | March 7, 2018 |
| 10.32* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.5 | | June 9, 2021 |
| 10.33* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.8 | | June 9, 2021 |
| 10.34* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.3 | | March 7, 2018 |
| 10.35* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.4 | | March 7, 2018 |
| 10.36* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | March 7, 2019 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 10.37* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.2 | | March 7, 2019 |
| 10.38* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.35 | | December 20, 2019 |
| 10.39* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.4 | | June 9, 2021 |
| 10.40* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.6 | | June 9, 2021 |
| 10.41* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.7 | | June 9, 2021 |
| 10.42* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.3 | | June 9, 2021 |
| 21.1‡ | | | | | | | | | | |
| 23.1‡ | | | | | | | | | | |
| 31.1‡ | | | | | | | | | | |
| 31.2‡ | | | | | | | | | | |
| 32.1† | | | | | | | | | | |
| 101.INS ‡ | | Inline XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document) | | | | | | | | |
| 101.SCH ‡ | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | | | | | | | | |
| 101.CAL‡ | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document | | | | | | | | |
| 101.LAB ‡ | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document | | | | | | | | |
| 101.PRE ‡ | | Inline XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document | | | | | | | | |
| 101.DEF ‡ | | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | | | | | | | | |
| 104† | | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) | | | | | | | | |
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| * | Indicates management contract or compensatory plan, contract, or arrangement |
| ‡ | Indicates filed herewith |
| † | Indicates furnished herewith |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
ABM Industries Incorporated
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| By: | /s/ Scott Salmirs | |
| Scott Salmirs
President and Chief Executive Officer and Director
| |
| December 22, 20172021 | |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of ABM Industries and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
|
| | |
By: | /s/ Scott Salmirs | |
| Scott Salmirs
President and Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
| |
| December 22, 2017 | |
|
| | |
| | |
/s/ D. Anthony Scaglione | | /s/ Dean A. Chin |
D. Anthony Scaglione
Executive Vice President and Chief
Financial Officer
| | Dean A. Chin
Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer, and Corporate Controller
|
(Principal Financial Officer) | | (Principal Accounting Officer) |
December 22, 2017 | | December 22, 2017 |
| | |
/s/ Sudhakar Kesavan
| | /s/ Linda Chavez |
Sudhakar Kesavan | | Linda Chavez, Director |
Chairman of the Board and Director | | December 22, 2017 |
December 22, 2017 | | |
| | |
/s/ J. Philip Ferguson | | /s/ Anthony G. Fernandes |
J. Philip Ferguson, Director | | Anthony G. Fernandes, Director |
December 22, 2017 | | December 22, 2017 |
| | |
/s/ Art A. Garcia | | /s/ Thomas M. Gartland
|
Art A. Garcia, Director | | Thomas M. Gartland, Director
|
December 22, 2017 | | December 22, 2017 |
| | |
/s/ Lauralee E. Martin | | /s/ Filippo Passerini |
Lauralee E. Martin, Director | | Filippo Passerini, Director |
December 22, 2017 | | December 22, 2017 |
| | |
/s/ Winifred M. Webb | | |
Winifred M. Webb, Director | | |
December 22, 2017 | | |
ABM INDUSTRIES INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES
SCHEDULE II—VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (in millions) | Balance
Beginning of Year | | Charges to
Costs and Expenses | | Write-offs(1)/ Allowance Taken | | Balance
End of Year | |
| Accounts receivable and sales allowances | | | | | | | | |
| 2017 | $ | 18.1 |
| (2) | 47.4 |
| | (40.0 | ) | | $ | 25.5 |
| |
| 2016 | 8.6 |
| | 29.1 |
| | (19.6 | ) | | 18.1 |
| (2) |
| 2015 | 9.2 |
| | 17.2 |
| | (17.8 | ) | | 8.6 |
| |
(1) Write-offs are net of recoveries.
(2) Includes amounts that were classified as held for sale.
EXHIBIT INDEX
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
| Exhibit | | Exhibit Description | | Incorporated by Reference |
| No. | | Form | | File No. | | Exhibit | | Filing Date |
| 2.1 | | Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated July 11, 2017, among GCA Holding Corp., ABM Industries Incorporated, Grade Sub One, Inc., Grade Sub Two, LLC and Thomas H. Lee Equity Fund VII, L.P. and Broad Street Principal Investments Holdings, L.P., acting jointly as the Securityholder Representative | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 2.1 | | July 14, 2017 |
| 3.1 | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 3.1 | | January 14, 2004 |
| 3.2 | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 3.1 | | January 26, 2017 |
| 10.1 | | Shareholders’ Agreement, dated September 1, 2017, among ABM Industries Incorporated, Thomas H. Lee Equity Fund VII, L.P., Thomas H. Lee Parallel Fund VII, L.P., Thomas H. Lee Parallel (Cayman) Fund VII, L.P., THL Executive Fund VII, L.P., THL Fund VII Coinvestment Partners, L.P., Broad Street Principal Investments Holdings, L.P., Bridge Street 2015, L.P., MBD 2015, L.P., Stone Street 2015, L.P., 2015 Employee Offshore Aggregator, L.P., and Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | September 8, 2017 |
| 10.2 | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.2 | | September 8, 2017 |
| 10.3‡ | | Letter Agreement, dated November 6, 2017, between ABM Industries Incorporated and Bank of America, N.A., as Swingline Lender with respect to the Credit Agreement dated as of September 1, 2017, among ABM Industries Incorporated, the Designated Borrowers party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent | | | | | | | | |
| 10.4* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.17 | | January 14, 2005 |
| 10.5* | |
| | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | September 8, 2006 |
| 10.6* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.7 | | December 23, 2010 |
| 10.7* | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | September 4, 2015 |
| 10.8* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.6 | | September 8, 2008 |
| 10.9* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.13 | | December 21, 2016 |
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10.10*By: | /s/ Scott Salmirs | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | December 23, 2013 |
10.11* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.2 | | June 3, 2015 |
10.12* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.16 | | December 18, 2013 |
10.13* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.3 | | June 3, 2015 |
10.14* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.13 | | December 23, 2010 |
10.15* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.4 | | June 4, 2010 |
10.16* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.50 | | June 4, 2010 |
10.17* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.20 | | December 18, 2013 |
10.18* | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.5 | | January 16, 2015 |
10.19* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | September 6, 2012 |
10.20* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.2 | | September 10, 2007 |
10.21* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.3 | | September 10, 2007 |
10.22* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.4 | | September 10, 2007 |
10.23* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.22 | | December 23, 2010 |
10.24* | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.3 | | April 2, 2010 |
10.25* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.4 | | September 8, 2008 |
10.26* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.5 | | September 8, 2008 |
10.27* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | March 10, 2011 |
|
| Scott Salmirs
President and Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer) | |
| December 22, 2021 | |
| | | | | | | | |
10.28* | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.2 | | January 16, 2015 |
10.29*/s/ Earl R. Ellis | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.3 | | January 16, 2015 |
10.30*‡ | | | | | | | | | | |
10.31*‡ | | | | | | | | | | |
10.32* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.2 | | March 4, 2015 |
10.33* | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | December 31, 2008/s/ Dean A. Chin |
10.34*‡Earl R. Ellis
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer | | | | | | | | | | |
10.35* | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | April 10, 2015 |
10.36* | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.2 | | April 10, 2015 |
10.37*‡ | | | | | | | | | | |
10.38*‡ | | | | | | | | | | |
10.39* | | | | 8-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | October 22, 2014 |
10.40* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.32 | | December 22, 2009 |
10.41* | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | March 9, 2016
Senior Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer,
Corporate Controller and Treasurer |
10.42*(Principal Financial Officer) | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.2 | | March 9, 2016(Principal Accounting Officer) |
10.43*December 22, 2021 | | | | 10-Q | | 001-08929 | | 10.1 | | June 8, 2017December 22, 2021 |
10.44* | | | | 10-K | | 001-08929 | | 10.34 | | December 30, 2012 |
10.45*/s/ Sudhakar Kesavan | | |
| Sudhakar Kesavan | | Quincy L. Allen, Director |
Chairman of Executive Employment Agreement (with term)the Board and Director | | 8-KDecember 22, 2021 |
| December 22, 2021 | | 001-08920 | | 10.1 | | October 22, 2014 |
|
| | |
| /s/ LeighAnne G. Baker | | /s/ Linda Chavez |
| LeighAnne G. Baker, Director | | Linda Chavez, Director |
| December 22, 2021 | | December 22, 2021 | | |
| | |
21.1‡/s/ Donald F. Colleran | | | | | | | | | | /s/ Art A. Garcia |
23.1‡Donald F. Colleran, Director | | | | | | | | | | Art A. Garcia, Director |
31.1‡December 22, 2021 | | | | | | | | | | December 22, 2021 |
31.2‡ | | | | | | | | | | |
32.1†/s/ Thomas M. Gartland | | | | | | | | | | /s/ Jill M. Golder |
101.INS ‡Thomas M. Gartland, Director | | XBRL Report Instance Document | | | | | | | | Jill M. Golder, Director |
101.SCH ‡December 22, 2021 | | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | | | | | | | | December 22, 2021 |
101.CAL‡ | | XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document | | | | | | | | |
101.LAB ‡/s/ Winifred M. Webb | | XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document | | | | | | | | |
101.PRE ‡Winifred M. Webb, Director | | XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document | | | | | | | | |
101. DEF ‡December 22, 2021 | | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | | | | | | | | |
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* | Indicates management contract or compensatory plan, contract, or arrangement |
|
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‡ | Indicates filed herewith |
|
| |
† | Indicates furnished herewith |
