UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
ý ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20192020
OR
o TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________ to _________
For the transition period from __________ to _________
Commission file number: 33-92990; 333-230322333-237134
TIAA REAL ESTATE ACCOUNT
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
NEW YORK
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
NOT APPLICABLE
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
C/O TEACHERS INSURANCE AND
ANNUITY ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA
730 THIRD AVENUE
NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10017-3206
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 490-9000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
YES o NO ý
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act:
YES o NO ý
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
YES ý NO o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 or regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K: Not Applicable
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
YES ý NO o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” or "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer o | |||||||
Non-accelerated filer x | Smaller Reporting Company o | |||||||
| (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Emerging Growth Company o | |||||||
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
YES o NO ý
Aggregate market value of voting stock held by non-affiliates: Not Applicable
Documents Incorporated by Reference: None
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Item | Page | ||||||||||
| Summary Risk Factors | |||||||||||
| Market for the Registrant's Securities, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities | |||||||||||
| Management's Discussion and Analysis of the Account's Financial Condition and Results of Operations | |||||||||||
| Form 10-K Summary | |||||||||||
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS.
General. The TIAA Real Estate Account (the “Real Estate Account”, the “Account” or the “Registrant”) was established on February 22, 1995, as an insurance company separate account of Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America (“TIAA”), a New York insurance company, by resolution of TIAA’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”). The Account, which invests mainly in real estate and real estate-related investments, is a variable annuity investment option offered through individual, group and tax-deferred annuity contracts available to employees in the academic, medical, cultural and research fields. The Account commenced operations on July 3, 1995, and interests in the Account were first offered to eligible participants (or “contract owners”) on October 2, 1995.
The Account offers individual and group accumulating annuity contracts (with contributions made on a pre-tax or after-tax basis), as well as individual lifetime and term-certain variable payout annuity contracts (including the payment of death benefits to beneficiaries). Investors are entitled to transfer funds to or from the Account under certain circumstances. Funds invested in the Account for each category of contract are expressed in terms of units, and unit values will fluctuate depending on the Account’s performance.
The Account is regulated by the New York State Department of Financial Services (“NYDFS”), and the insurance departments of certain other jurisdictions in which the annuity contracts are offered. Although TIAA owns the assets of the Real Estate Account and the Account’s obligations are obligations of TIAA, the Account’s income, investment gains and investment losses are credited to or charged against the assets of the Account without regard to TIAA’s other income, gains, or losses. Under New York insurance law, the Account cannot be charged with liabilities incurred by any other TIAA business activities or any other TIAA separate account.
The Real Estate Account is designed as an option for retirement and tax-deferred savings plans for employees of non-profit and governmental institutions. TIAA currently offers the Real Estate Account under the following annuity contracts:
•RAs and GRAs (Retirement Annuities and Group Retirement Annuities)
•SRAs (Supplemental Retirement Annuities)
•GSRAs (Group Supplemental Retirement Annuities)
•Retirement Choice and Retirement Choice Plus Annuities
•GAs (Group Annuities) and Institutionally Owned GSRAs
•Traditional and Roth IRAs (Individual Retirement Annuities) including SEP IRAs (Simplified Employee Pension Plans)
•Keoghs
•ATRAs (After-Tax Retirement Annuities)
•Real Estate Account Accumulation Contract
Note that state regulatory approval may be pending for certain of these contracts and these contracts may not currently be available in every state. TIAA may also offer the Real Estate Account as an investment option under additional contracts, both at the individual and plan sponsor level, in the future.
Investment Objective. The Real Estate Account seeks to generate favorable total returns primarily through the rental income and appreciation of a diversified portfolio of directly held, private real estate investments and real estate-related investments, while offering investors guaranteed, daily liquidity.
Investment Strategy
Real Estate-Related Investments. The Account intends to have between 75% and 85% of its net assets invested directly in real estate or real estate-related investments with the goal of producing favorable long-term returns primarily through rental income and appreciation. These investments may consist of:
•Direct ownership interests in domestic and foreign real estate;
•Direct ownership of real estate through interests in joint ventures; or
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•Indirect interests in real estate through real estate-related securities, such as:
◦public and/or privately placed, domestic and foreign, registered and unregistered equity investments in real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), which investments may consist of registered or unregistered common or preferred stock interests;
◦private real estate limited partnerships and limited liability companies (collectively, "real“real estate funds"funds”);
◦real estate operating businesses;
◦investments in equity or debt securities of domestic and foreign companies whose operations involve real estate (i.e., that primarily own, develop or manage real estate) which may not be REITs; and
◦domestic or foreign loans, including conventional commercial mortgage loans, participating mortgage loans, secured domestic and foreign (including U.K.) mezzanine loans, subordinated loans and collateralized mortgage obligations, including commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), collateralized mortgage obligations ("CMOs"(“CMOs”) and other similar investments.
The Account’s principal strategy is to purchase direct ownership interests in income-producing real estate, primarilyincluding the four primary sectors of office, industrial, retail, and multi-family, properties.and alternative real estate sectors (defined as real estate outside of the four primary sectors noted above). The Account is targeted to holdtargets holding between 65% and 85% of the Account’s net assets in such direct ownership interests.
In addition, the Account is authorized to hold up to 25% of its net assets in liquid real estate-related securities, including publicly traded REITs and CMBS. Management intends that the Account will not hold more than 10% of net assets in such securities on a long-term basis. As of December 31, 2019,2020, the Account did not hold any publicly traded REIT securities comprised approximately 3.0% of the Account’s net assets, and the Account held no CMBS as of such date.REITs or CMBS.
In making commercial real estate investments within the Account, TIAA seeks to make investments that are suitable from a financial perspective, and whose activities are generally consistenttaking into account the potential financial impacts associated with industry recognized environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) criteria. The Account intends to promote awareness of these criteria to its joint venture partners, vendors and other stakeholders in connection with portfolio related activity involving commercial real estate transactions. TIAA believes awareness, and, as appropriate, implementation of ESG criteria in commercial real estate holdings is beneficial to total long-term returns for the Account. In its evaluation of commercial real estate opportunities, the Account will take ESG considerations into account as part of the financial assessment of a commercial real estate portfolio asset, and not to achieve a desired outcome or as an investment qualification or screen. Ultimately, the Account will make an investment decision that incorporates ESG criteria only to the extent that the criteria is reasonably expected to enhance our understanding of the investment's ability to achieve desired returns for the Account.
Liquid, Fixed-Income Investments. The Account will invest the remaining portion of its assets (targeted to be between 15% and 25% of its net assets) in the following types of liquid, fixed income investments;
•U.S. Treasury or U.S. Government agency securities;
•Intermediate-term or long-term government related instruments, such as bond or other fixed-income securities issued by U.S. Government agencies, U.S. Statesstates or municipalities or U.S. Government-sponsored entities as well as foreign governments and their agencies (including those in emerging markets) and supranational or multinational organizations (e.g., European Union);
•Intermediate-term or long-term non-government related instruments, such as corporate debt securities, domestic or foreign mezzanine or other debt, and structured securities, (e.g. unsecured debt obligations with a return linked to the performance of an underlying asset). Such structured securities may include asset-backed securities (“ABS”) issued by domestic or foreign entities, including domestic or foreign mezzanine or other debt, mortgage backed securities (“MBS”), residential mortgage backed securities (“RMBS”), debt securities of foreign governments, and collateralized debt (“CDO”), collateralized bond (“CBO”) and collateralized loan (“CLO”) obligations, but only if such non-government related instruments are investment-grade securities;
•Money market instruments and other cash equivalents. These will usually be high-quality, short-term debt instruments, including U.S. Government or government agency securities, commercial paper, certificates of
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deposit, bankers’ acceptances, repurchase agreements, interest-bearing time deposits, and corporate debt securities; and
•To a limited extent, privately issued (or non-publicly traded) debt securities, including Rule 144A securities, issued by domestic and foreign companies that do not primarily own or manage real estate, but only if such domestic and foreign privately issued debt securities are investment-grade securities.
Liquid Securities Generally. Primarily due to management’s need to manage fluctuations in cash flows, in particular during and immediately following periods of significant participantcontract owner net transfer activity into or out of the Account, the Account may, on a temporary basis (i) exceed the upper end of its targeted holdings (currently 35% of the Account’s net assets) in liquid securities of all types, including both publicly traded non-real estate-related liquid investments and liquid real estate-related securities, such as REITs, and structured securities including ABS, RMBS, CMBS and MBS, or (ii) be below the low end of its targeted holdings in such liquid securities (currently 15% of the Account’s net assets).
The portion of the Account’s net assets invested in liquid investments of all types may exceed the upper end of its target, for example, if (i) the Account receives a large inflow of money in a short period of time, in particular due to significant participantcontract owner transfer activity into the Account, (ii) the Account receives significant proceeds from sales or financings of direct real estate assets, (iii) there is a lack of attractive direct real estate investments available on the market, and/or (iv) the Account anticipates more near-term cash needs, including to apply to acquire or improve direct real estate investments, pay expenses or repay indebtedness.
Foreign Investments. The Account may also make foreign real estate, and foreign real estate-related investments and foreign liquid, fixed-income investments. Under the Account’s investment guidelines, investments in direct foreign real estate and real estate loans, together with foreign real estate-related securities and foreign liquid, fixed-income investments may not comprise more than 25% of the Account’s net assets. However, management doesn'tdoes not intend such foreign investments, in the aggregate, to exceed 10% of the Account's net assets. As of December 31, 2019,2020, the Account did not hold any foreign real estate investments.
In managing any domestic or foreign mezzanine debt or other domestic or foreign loans or securities, the Account may enter into certain derivatives transactions (including forward currency contracts and swaps, futures contracts, put and call options and other hedging transactions) in order to hedge against the risks of exchange rate uncertainties, interest rate uncertainties and foreign currency or market fluctuations impacting the Account’s domestic or foreign investments. The Account does not intend to speculate in such transactions.
Investments Summary. At December 31, 2019,2020, the Account’s net assets totaled $27.3$23.2 billion. As of that date, the Account’s investments in real estate properties, real estate joint ventures, real estate funds, a real estate operating business and loans receivable, and real estate-related marketable securities, net of the fair value of loans payable on real estate, and outstanding loans on the line of credit, represented 84.8%96.4% of the Account’s net assets. The remaining 15.2%3.6% of net assets is primarily comprised of short-term marketable securities such as U.S. Treasury securities and U.S. government agency notes, corporate and municipal bonds.notes.
Borrowing. The Account is authorized to borrow money and assume or obtain a mortgage on a property (i.e., make leveraged real estate investments). Under in accordance with the Account’s current investment guidelines. Under such guidelines, management intends to maintain the Account’s loan-to-value ratio (as defined below) at or below 30% (measured at the time of incurrence and after giving effect thereto). Forms of borrowing may include:
•placing new debt on properties;
•refinancing outstanding debt;
•assuming debt on the Account’s properties;
•extending the maturity date of outstanding debt; or
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•an unsecured line of credit, credit facility or credit facility.bank loan; or
•the issuance of debt securities.
The Account’s loan-to-value ratio at any time is based on the ratio of the outstanding principal amount of the Account’s debt to the Account’s total gross asset value and excludes leverage, if any, employed by REITs and underlying partnerships or investment funds in which the Account invests.Thisinvests. This ratio will be measured at the time of any debt incurrence and will be assessed after giving effect thereto. The Account’s total gross asset value, for these purposes,
is equal to the total fair value of the Account’s assets (including the fair value of the Account’s interest in joint ventures), with no reduction associated with any indebtedness on such assets. In calculating outstanding indebtedness, we include only the Account’s actual percentage interest in any borrowings on a joint venture investment and not that of any joint venture partner. Also, at the time the Account (or a joint venture in which the Account is a partner) enters into a revolving or other line of credit, management includes only amounts outstanding when calculating outstanding indebtedness.
As of December 31, 2019,2020, the principal amount of mortgages secured by the Account's wholly-owned properties was $2.3 billion. When combined with the Account’s equity share of the $3.1$3.0 billion in mortgages held within and serviced by the Account’s joint venture investments and a $48.2$51.2 million loan collateralized by a loan receivable, and a $250.0 million draw against the Account's line of credit, the total outstanding debt is $5.7$5.4 billion, which is used to derive the Account’s loan-to-value ratio of 17.1%.18.5% as of December 31, 2020.
In times of high net inflow activity, in particular during times of high net participantcontract owner transfer inflows, management may determine to apply a portion of such cash flows to make prepayments of indebtedness prior to scheduled maturity, which would have the effect of reducing the Account’s loan-to-value ratio. Such prepayments may require the Account to pay fees or "yield maintenance" amounts to lenders.
The Account may only borrow up to 70% of the then-current value of a property, although construction loans may be for 100% of costs incurred in developing the property. Except for construction loans, any mortgage loans on a property will be non-recourse to the Account, meaningAccount. For this purpose, non-recourse means that if there is a default on a loan in respect to a specific property, the lender will have recourse to (i.e., be able to foreclose on) only the property encumbered (or the joint venture owning the property), or to other specific Account properties that may have been pledged as security for the defaulted loan, but not to any other assets of the Account. When possible,
Currently, TIAA, on behalf of the Account, will seekmaintains (i) a senior revolving unsecured line of credit pursuant to havean existing credit agreement with a syndicate of third-party bank lenders, including JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent (the “Syndicated Credit Agreement”), and (ii) a stand-alone unsecured line of credit from JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the “JPM Credit Agreement”) (collectively, the “Credit Agreements”). The Account may use the proceeds of borrowings under the Credit Agreements for funding general organizational purposes of the Account in the ordinary course of business, including financing certain real estate portfolio investments. The Account may enter into additional unsecured lines of credit, credit facilities and term bank loans mature at varying timesunderwritten by one or more third-party lenders. In addition, from time to limittime, the risks of borrowing.Account may, if permitted by applicable insurance laws, borrow capital for operating or other needs by offering debt securities
Risk Factors. The Account’s assets and income can be affected by a variety of risk factors. These risks are more fully described under Item 1A of this report.
Personnel and Management. The Account has no officers, directors or employees. TIAA employees, under the direction and control of the Board, manage the investment of the Account’s assets, following investment management procedures TIAA has adopted for the Account. References to “Management” herein refer to the employees and officers of TIAA responsible for management of the Account. In addition, TIAA performs administration functions for the Account (which includes receiving and allocating premiums, calculating and making annuity payments and providing recordkeeping and other services). Distribution services for the Account (which include, without limitation, distribution of the annuity contracts, advising existing annuity contract owners in connection with their accumulations and helping employers implement and manage retirement plans) are performed by TIAA-CREF Individual & Institutional Services, LLC (“Services”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of TIAA and registered broker-dealer and member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”). TIAA and
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Services provide investment management, administration, and distribution services, as applicable, to the Account on an “at-cost” basis.
Contracts. TIAA offers the Account as a variable option for the annuity contracts listed earlier in this Item 1, although some employer plans may not offer the Account as an option for certain contracts. Each payment to the Account buys a number of accumulation units. Similarly, any transfer or withdrawal from the Account results in the redemption of a number of accumulation units. The price paid for an accumulation unit, and the price received for an accumulation unit when redeemed, is the accumulation unit value (“AUV”) calculated for the business day on which the participant’scontract owner’s purchase, redemption or transfer request is received in good order (unless a participantcontract owner asks for a later date for a redemption or transfer).
Subject to the terms of the contracts and a participant’scontract owner’s employer’s plan, a participantcontract owner can move money to and from the Account in the following ways, among others:
•from the Account to a College Retirement Equities Fund ("CREF"(“CREF”) investment account, a TIAA Access variable account (if available), TIAA’s Traditional Annuity or a mutual fund (including TIAA-CREF affiliated mutual funds) or other options available under the plan;
•to the Account from a CREF investment account, a TIAA Access variable account (if available), TIAA’s Traditional Annuity (transfers from TIAA’s Traditional Annuity under RA, GRA or Retirement Choice contracts are subject to restrictions), a TIAA-CREF affiliated mutual fund or from other companies/ plans;
•by withdrawing cash; and/or
•by setting up a program of automatic withdrawals or transfers.
Importantly, transfers out of the Account to a TIAA or CREF account or into another investment option can be executed on any business day, but are limited to once per calendar quarter, although some plans may allow systematic transfers that result in more than one transfer per calendar quarter. TIAA reserves the right to stop accepting transfers into the Account at any time. Other limited exceptions may apply. Also, transfers to CREF accounts or to certain other options may be restricted by an employer’s plan, current tax law or by the terms of a participant’scontract owner’s contract. In addition, with most contracts, individual participantscontract owners are subject to certain limitations on making internal transfers into their Account accumulation if, after giving effect to such transfer, the total value of such participant’scontract owner’s Account accumulation (under all contracts issued to such participant)contract owner) would exceed $150,000. Categories of transactions that TIAA deems “internal funding vehicle transfers” for purposes of this limitation are described in the applicable contract or endorsement form in the Account’s prospectus. The effective date of the limitation as it applies to an individual participantcontract owner will be reflected on his or her applicable contract or endorsement form.
Appraisals and Valuations. With respect to the Account’s real property investments or associated interest in the underlying property held by a joint venture investment (collectively "real properties"“real properties”), following the initial purchase of a property or the making of a mortgage loan on a property by the Account (at which time the Account normally receives an independent appraisal on such property), each of the Account’s real properties are appraised, and mortgage loans are valued, at least once every calendar quarter or sooner as circumstances arise. Each of the Account’s real estate properties areis appraised each quarter by an independent third-party state-certified (or its foreign equivalent) appraiser (which we refer to in this report as an “independent appraiser”) who is a member of a professional appraisal organization. In addition, TIAA’s internal appraisal staff performs a review of each of these quarterly appraisals, in conjunction with the Account’s independent fiduciary, and TIAA’s internal appraisal staff or the independent fiduciary may request an additional appraisal or valuation outside of this quarterly cycle. Any differences in the conclusions of TIAA’s internal appraisal staff and the independent appraiser will be reviewed by the independent fiduciary, which will make a final determination on the matter (which may include ordering a subsequent independent appraisal).
In general, the Account records appraisals of its real estate properties spread out throughout the quarter, which is intended to result in appraisal adjustments and thus adjustments to the valuations of its holdings (to the extent adjustments are made) happen regularly throughout each quarter and not on one specific day in each period. In addition, an estimated daily equivalent of net operating income is taken into consideration and is adjusted for actual transactional activity. The remaining assets in the Account are primarily marketable securities that are priced on a
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daily basis. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of the Account’s Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Critical Accounting Policies”Estimates” in this Form 10-K for more information on how each class of the Account’s investments are valued.
Liquidity Guarantee. The TIAA General Account provides the Account with a liquidity guarantee enabling the Account to have funds available to meet participantcontract owner redemption, transfer or cash withdrawal requests. The Account pays TIAA for the risk associated with providing the liquidity guarantee through a daily deduction from the Account’s net assets. If the Account cannot fund participantcontract owner requests from the Account’s own cash flow and liquid investments, the TIAA General Account will fund them by purchasing accumulation units issued by the Account (accumulation units that are purchased by TIAA are generally referred to as “liquidity units”). The liquidity guarantee is required by the NYDFS. TIAA guarantees that participantscontract owners can redeem their accumulation units at the accumulation unit value next determined after their transfer or cash withdrawal request is received in good order. Liquidity units owned by TIAA are valued in the same manner as accumulation units owned by the Account’s participants.contract owners.
The liquidity guarantee is not a guarantee of the investment performance of the Account or a guarantee of the value of a participant’scontract owner’s units.
Redemption of Liquidity Units. The independent fiduciary is vested with oversight and approval over any redemption of TIAA’s liquidity units, acting in the best interests of Real Estate Account participants.
contract owners.
To the extent liquidity units are held by the TIAA General Account, the independent fiduciary reserves the right to authorize or direct the redemption of all or a portion of liquidity units at any time. Upon termination and liquidation of the Account (wind-up), any liquidity units held by TIAA will be the last units redeemed, unless the independent fiduciary directs otherwise.
Independent Fiduciary. Because TIAA’s ability to purchase and sell liquidity units raises certain technical issues under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), TIAA applied for and received a prohibited transaction exemption from the U.S. Department of Labor in 1996 (PTE 96-76)(“PTE 96-76”). In connection with the exemption, TIAA has appointed an independent fiduciary for the Account, with overall responsibility for reviewing the Account’s transactions to determine whether they are in accordance with the Account’s investment guidelines. RERC, LLC, a real estate consulting firm whose principal offices are located in West Des Moines, IA (“RERC”), was appointed as independent fiduciary effective March 1, 2006 and currently serves as the Account’s independent fiduciary, pursuant to an amended and restated letter agreement effective March 1, 2018, whose term expires on February 28, 2021.2022. The independent fiduciary’s responsibilities include:
•reviewing and approving the Account’s investment guidelines and monitoring whether the Account’s investments comply with those guidelines;
•reviewing and approving valuation procedures for the Account’s properties;
•approving adjustments to any property valuations that change the value of the property or the Account as a whole above or below certain prescribed levels, or that are made within three months of the annual independent appraisal;
•reviewing and approving how the Account values accumulation and annuity units;
•approving the appointment of all independent appraisers;
•reviewing the purchase and sale of units by TIAA to ensure that the Account uses the correct unit values; and
•requiring appraisals besides those normally conducted, if the independent fiduciary believes that any of the properties have changed materially, or that an additional appraisal is necessary to ensure the Account has correctly valued a property.
In addition, the independent fiduciary has certain responsibilities with respect to the Account that it had historically undertaken or is currently undertaking with respect to TIAA’s purchase and ownership of liquidity units, including among other things, reviewing the purchases and redemption of liquidity units by TIAA to ensure the Account uses the correct unit values. In connection therewith, as set forth in PTE 96-76, the independent fiduciary’s responsibilities include:
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•establishing the percentage of total accumulation units that TIAA’s ownership should not exceed (the “trigger point”) and creating a method for changing the trigger point;
•approving any adjustment of TIAA’s ownership interest in the Account and, in its discretion, requiring an adjustment if TIAA’s ownership of liquidity units reaches the trigger point; and
•once the trigger point has been reached, participating in any program to reduce TIAA’s ownership in the Account by utilizing cash flow or liquid investments in the Account, or by utilizing the proceeds from asset sales. If the independent fiduciary were to determine that TIAA’s ownership should be reduced following the trigger point, its role in participating in any asset sales program would include (i) participating in the selection of properties for sale, (ii) providing sales guidelines, and (iii) approving those sales if, in the independent fiduciary’s opinion, such sales are desirable to reduce TIAA’s ownership of liquidity units.
Available Information. The Account’s annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, and any amendments to those reports, filed by the Account with the Securities and Exchange Commission on or after the date hereof, can be accessed free of charge at www.tiaa.org. Information contained on this website is expressly not incorporated by reference into this Annual Reportannual report on Form 10-K.
SUMMARY RISK FACTORS.
Investing in the Account involves a high degree of risk. Some, but not all, of the risks and uncertainties that we face are risks related to:
•Acquiring, owning and selling real property and real estate investments, including risks related to general economic and real estate market conditions, the risk that the Account’s properties become too concentrated (whether by geography, sector or by tenant mix) and the risk that the sales price of a property might differ from its estimated or appraised value;
•Property valuations, including the fact that the Account’s appraisals are generally obtained on a quarterly basis and there may be periods in between appraisals of a property during which the value attributed to the property for purposes of the Account’s daily accumulation unit value may be more or less than the actual realizable value of the property;
•Financing the Account’s properties, including the risk of default on loans secured by the Account’s properties (which could lead to foreclosure);
•Contract owner transactions, in particular that (i) significant net contract owner transfers out of the Account may impair our ability to pursue or consummate new investment opportunities, (ii) significant net contract owner transfers into the Account may result, on a temporary basis, in our cash holdings and/or holdings in liquid non-real estate-related investments exceeding our long-term targeted holding levels and (iii) high levels of cash and liquid non-real estate-related investments in the Account during times of appreciating real estate values can impair the Account’s overall return;
•Joint ventures and real estate funds, including the risk that the Account may gave limited rights with respect to the joint venture or that a co-venturer or fund manager may have financial difficulties;
•Governmental regulatory matters such as zoning laws, rent control laws, and property taxes;
•Potential liability for damage to the environment or injury to individuals caused by hazardous substances used or found on its properties, as well as risks associated with federal and state environmental laws may impose restrictions on the manner in which a property may be used;
•Certain catastrophic losses that may be uninsurable, as well as risks related to climate-related changes and hazards, which could adversely impact the Account’s investment returns;
•The utilization of ESG criteria in its commercial real estate underwriting may result in the Account foregoing some commercial real estate market opportunities and subsequently underperforming relative to other investment vehicles that do not utilize such ESG criteria in selecting portfolio properties;
•Especially with respect to countries with emerging market, foreign commercial real properties, foreign real estate loans, foreign debt investments and foreign securities investments may experience unique risks such as changes in currency exchange rates, imposition of market controls or currency exchange controls, seizure, expropriation or nationalization of assets, political, social or diplomatic events or unrest, regulatory and taxation
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risks and risks associated with enforcing judgments in foreign countries that could cause the Account to lose money;
•Investments in REITs, including changes in the value of the underlying properties or by the quality of any credit extended, as well as exposure to market risk due to changing conditions in the financial markets;
•Investments in mortgage-backed securities, which are subject to the same risks inherent in real estate investing, making mortgage loans and investing in debt securities. For example, the underlying mortgage loans may experience defaults, are subject to prepayment risks and are sensitive to economic conditions impacting the credit markets generally;
•Risks associated with the Account’s investments in mortgage loans, including (i) borrower default that results in the Account being unable to recover its original investment, (ii) liens that may have priority over the Account’s security interest, (iii) a deterioration in the financial condition of tenants, and (iv) changes in interest rates for the Account’s variable-rate mortgage loans and other debt instruments;
•Investment securities issued by U.S. Government agencies and U.S. Government-sponsored entities, including the risk that the issuer may not have their securities backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, which could adversely affect the pricing and value of such securities;
•Risks associated with investments in liquid, fixed-income investments and real estate-related liquid assets (which could include, from time to time, registered or unregistered REIT securities and CMBS), and non-real estate-related liquid assets, including the risk that:
•the issuer will not be able to pay principal and interest when due (or in the case of structured securities, the risk that the underlying collateral for the security may be insufficient to support such interest or principal payments) or that the issuer’s earnings will fall;
•credit spreads may increase;
•the changing conditions in financial markets may cause the Account’s investments or interest rates to experience volatility;
•securities (or the underlying collateral in the case of structured securities) are downgraded should TIAA and/or rating agencies believe the issuer’s business outlook or creditworthiness has deteriorated;
•the level of current income from a portfolio of fixed-income investments may decline in certain interest rate environments;
•during periods of falling interest rates, an issuer may call (or repay) a fixed-income security prior to maturity, or pay off their loans sooner than expected, resulting in a decline in income;
•during periods of rising interest rates, borrowers may pay off their mortgage and other loans later than expected, preventing the Account from reinvesting principal proceeds at higher interest rates;
•securities issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities may receive varying levels of support from the U.S. Government, which could affect the Account’s ability to recover should they default;
•events affecting states and municipalities, including severe financial difficulties, may adversely impact the Account’s investments and its performance;
•the issuer of non-U.S. sovereign debt or the governmental authorities that control the repayment of such debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due;
•the inability to receive the principal or interest collectable on multinational or supranational foreign debt;
•the Account’s investment decisions may cause the Account to underperform relative to others in the marketplace;
•foreign (non-U.S.) currencies may decline in value relative to the U.S. dollar and adversely affect the value of the Account’s investments impacted by foreign currencies;
•investments in derivatives and other types of hedging strategies may result in the Account losing more than the principal amount invested;
•currency management strategies may substantially change the Account’s exposure to currencies and currency exchange rates and could result in losses to the Account;
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•transactions involving a counterparty to a derivative or other instrument, or to a third party responsible for servicing the instrument, are subject to the credit risk of the counterparty or third party;
•SEC Rule 144A securities may be less liquid and have less investor protections than publicly traded securities;
•illiquid investments may be difficult for the Account to sell for the value at which they are carried; and
•the Account could experience losses if banks fail;
•Conflicts of interests associated with TIAA serving as investment manager of the Account and provider of the liquidity guarantee while also serving as an investment manager to other real estate accounts or funds;
•Lending securities, which has the Account bear the market risk with respect to the investment of collateral or a portion of the income generated by interest paid by the securities lending agent on the cash collateral balance; and
•The Account’s requirement to sell property in the event that TIAA owns too large of a percentage of the Account’s accumulation units, which sales could occur at a time or price that is not optimal for the Account’s returns.
This summary does not address all of the risks that we face. Additional discussion of the risks summarized above, and other risks that we face, can be found in the “Risk Factors” section directly below.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.
The value of your investment in the Account will fluctuate based on the value of the Account’s assets, the income the assets generate and the Account’s expenses. ParticipantsContract owners can lose money by investing in the Account. The past performance of the Account is not indicative of future results. There is risk associated with an investor attempting to “time” an investment in the Account’s units, or effecting a redemption of an investor’s units. The Account’s assets and income can be affected by many factors, and you should consider the specific risks presented below before investing in the Account. In particular, for a discussion of how forward-looking statements contained in this annual report on Form 10-K are subject to uncertainties that are difficult to predict, which may be beyond management’s control and which could cause actual results to differ materially from historical experience or management’s present expectations, please refer to the subsection entitled “Forward-Looking Statements,” which is contained in the section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of the Account’s Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH REAL ESTATE INVESTING
General Risks of Acquiring and Owning Real Property. As referenced elsewhere in this report, the substantial majority of the Account’s net assets consist of direct ownership interests in real estate. As such, the Account is particularly subject to the risks inherent in acquiring and owning real property, including in particular the following:
•Adverse Global and Domestic Economic Conditions. The economic conditions in the markets where the Account’s properties are located may be adversely impacted by factors which include:
◦adverse domestic or global economic conditions, particularly in the event of a deep recession which results in significant employment losses across many sectors of the economy and reduced levels of consumer spending;
◦a weak market for real estate generally and/or in specific locations where the Account may own property, including, among other reasons, as a result of an epidemic, pandemic or other health-related issue in one or more markets where the Account owns property;
◦business closings, industry or sector slowdowns, employment losses and related factors;
◦the availability of financing (both for the Account and potential purchasers of the Account’s properties);
◦an oversupply of, or a reduced demand for, certain types of real estate properties;
◦natural disasters (including hurricanes and tsunamis), rising sea levels due to global climate warming or otherwise, flooding and other significant and severe weather-related events;
◦health emergencies, such as pandemics and epidemics;
◦cyber attacks;
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◦terrorist attacks and/or other man-made events; and
◦decline in population or shifting demographics.
The incidence of some or all of these factors could reduce occupancy, rental rates and the fair value of the Account’s real properties or interests in investment vehicles (such as real estate funds) which directly hold real properties.
Concentration Risk. The Account may experience periods in which its investments are geographically concentrated, either regionally or in certain markets with similar demographics. Further, while the Account seeks diversification across itsthe four primary property types (i.e.,sectors of office, industrial, retail and multi-family),multi-family, as well as across alternative real estate sectors, the Account may experience periods where it has concentration in one property type, increasing the potential exposure if there were to be an oversupply of, or a reduced demand for, certain types of real estate properties in the markets in which the Account operates. Also, the Account may experience periods in which its tenant base is concentrated within a particular primary industry sector.sector (e.g., retail mall shopping centers, industrial properties or office space). or an alternative real estate sector. If any or all of these events occur, the Account’s income and performance may be adversely impacted disproportionately by deteriorating economic conditions in those areas or industry sectors in which the Account’s investments are concentrated. Also, the Account could experience a more rapid negative change in the value of its real estate investments than would be the case if its real estate investments were more diversified.
Leasing Risk. A number of factors could cause the Account’s rental income, a key source of the Account’s revenue and investment return, to decline, which would adversely impact the Account’s results and investment returns. These factors include the following:
•A property may be unable to attract new tenants or retain existing tenants. This situation could be exacerbated if a concentration of lease expirations occurred during any one time period or multiple tenants exercise early termination at the same time.
•The financial condition of our tenants may be adversely impacted, particularly in a prolonged economic downturn. The Account could lose revenue if tenants do not pay rent when contractually obligated, request some form of rent relief and/or default under a lease at one of the Account’s properties. Such a default could occur if a tenant declared bankruptcy, suffered from a lack of liquidity, failed to continue to operate its business or for other reasons. In the event of any such default, we may experience a delay in, or an inability to effect, the enforcement of our rights against that tenant, particularly if that tenant filed for bankruptcy protection. Further, any disputes with tenants could involve costly and time consuming litigation.
•In the event a tenant vacates its space in one of the Account’s properties, whether as a result of a default, the expiration of the lease term, rejection of the lease in bankruptcy or otherwise, given current market conditions, we may not be able to re-lease the vacant space either (i) for as much as the rent payable under the previous lease or (ii) at all. Also, we may not be able to re-lease such space without incurring substantial expenditures for tenant improvements and other lease-up related costs, while still being obligated for any mortgage payments, real estate taxes and other expenditures related to the property. In some instances, the Account’s properties may be specifically suited to and/or outfitted for the particular needs of a certain tenant based on the type of business the tenant operates. The Account may have difficulty obtaining a new tenant for any vacant space in its properties, particularly if the current structure of the developed property (e.g., floor plan or otherwise) limits the types of businesses that can use the space without major renovation, which may require the Account to incur substantial expense in re-planning the space. Also, upon expiration of a lease, the space preferences of the Account’s major tenants may no longer align with the space they previously rented, which could cause those tenants to not renew their lease, or may require the Account to expend significant sums to reconfigure the space to their needs.
•The Account owns and operates retail properties, which, in addition to the risks listed above, are subject to specific risks, including the insolvency and/or closing of an anchor tenant for certain properties. Many times, anchor tenants will be “big box” stores and other large retailers that can be particularly adversely impacted by a global recession, competition from online retailers and reduced consumer spending generally. Factors that can impact the level of consumer spending include increases in fuel and energy costs, residential and commercial real estate and mortgage conditions, labor and healthcare costs, access to credit, consumer confidence and other
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macroeconomic factors. Under certain circumstances, co-tenancy clauses in tenants’ leases may allow certain tenants in a retail property to terminate their leases or reduce or withhold rental payments when overall occupancy at the property falls below certain minimum levels. The insolvency and/or closing of an anchor tenant may also cause such tenants to terminate their leases, or to fail to renew their leases at expiration.
Competition. The Account may face competition for real estate investments from multiple sources, including individuals, corporations, insurance companies or other insurance company separate accounts, as well as real estate funds, commercial developers, pension plans, other institutional and foreign investors and other entities engaged in real estate investment activities. Some of these competitors may have similar financial and other resources as the Account, and/or they may have investment strategies and policies (including the ability to incur significantly more leverage than the Account) that allow them to compete more aggressively for real estate investment opportunities, which could result in the Account paying higher prices for investments, experiencing delays in acquiring investments or failing to consummate such purchases. Any resulting delays in the acquisition of investments, or the failure to consummate acquisitions the Account deems desirable, may increase the Account’s costs or otherwise adversely affect the Account’s investment results. In addition, the Account’s properties may be located close to properties that are owned by other real estate investors and that compete with the Account for tenants. These competing properties may be better located, more suitable for tenants than our properties, or have owners who may compete more aggressively for tenants, resulting in a competitive advantage for these other properties. The Account may also face similar competition from other properties that may be developed in the future. This competition may limit the Account’s ability to lease space, increase its costs of securing tenants, and limit the Account’s ability to maximize our rents and/or require
the Account to make capital improvements it otherwise would not, in order to make its properties more attractive to prospective tenants.
Operating Costs. A property’s cash flow could decrease if operating costs, such as property taxes, utilities, litigation expenses associated with a property, maintenance and insurance costs that are not reimbursed by tenants, increase in relation to gross rental income, or if the property needs unanticipated repairs and renovations. In addition, the Account’s expenses of owning and operating a property are not necessarily reduced when the Account’s income from a property is reduced.
Condemnation. A governmental agency may condemn and convert for a public use (i.e., through eminent domain) all or a portion of a property owned by the Account. While the Account would receive compensation in connection with any such condemnation, such compensation may not be in an amount the Account believes represents the equivalent value for the condemned property. Further, a partial condemnation could impair the ability of the Account to maximize the value of the property during its operation, including making it more difficult to find new tenants or retain existing tenants. Finally, a property which has been subject to a partial condemnation may be more difficult to sell at a price the Account believes is appropriate.
Terrorism and Acts of War and Violence. Terrorist attacks may harm our property investments. The Account can provide no assurance that there will not be further terrorist attacks against the United States or U.S. businesses or elsewhere in the world. These attacks or armed conflicts may directly or indirectly impact the value of the property the Account owns or that secure our loans. Losses resulting from these types of events may be uninsurable or not insurable to the full extent of the loss suffered. Moreover, any of these events could cause consumer confidence and spending to decrease or result in increased volatility in the United States, worldwide financial markets, and the global economy. Such events could also result in economic uncertainty in the United States or abroad. Adverse economic conditions resulting from terrorist activities could reduce demand for space in the Account’s properties and thereby reduce the value of the Account’s properties and therefore your investment return.
Risk of Limited Warranty. Purchasing a property “as is” or with limited warranties, which limit the Account’s recourse if due diligence fails to identify all material risks, can negatively impact the Account by reducing the value of such properties and increasing the Account’s cost to hold or sell properties.
General Risks of Selling Real Estate Investments. Among the risks of selling real estate investments are:
•The sale price of an Account property might differ, perhaps significantly, from its estimated or appraised value, leading to losses or reduced profits to the Account.
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•The Account might not be able to sell a property at a particular time for a price which management believes represents its fair or full value. This illiquidity may result from the cyclical nature of real estate, general economic conditions impacting the location of the property, disruption in the credit markets or the availability of financing on favorable terms or at all, and the supply of and demand for available tenant space, among other reasons. This might make it difficult to raise cash quickly which could impair the Account’s liquidity position (particularly during any period of sustained significant net participantcontract owner outflows) and also could lead to Account losses. Further, the liquidity guarantee does not serve as a working capital facility or credit line to enhance the Account’s liquidity levels generally, as its purpose is tied to contract owners having the ability to redeem their accumulation units upon demand (thus alleviating the Account’s need to dispose of properties solely to increase liquidity levels in what management deems a suboptimal sales environment).
•The Account may need to provide financing to a purchaser if no cash buyers are available, or if buyers are unable to receive financing on terms enabling them to consummate the purchase. Such seller financing introduces a risk that the counterparty may not perform its obligations to repay the amounts borrowed from the Account to complete the purchase.
•For any particular property, the Account may be required to make expenditures for improvements to, or to correct defects in, the property before the Account is able to market and/or sell the property.
•Interests in real estate funds tend to be, in particular, illiquid and the Account may be unable to dispose of such investments at opportune times.
•Sales of the Account’s properties are subject to other risks including, but not limited to, negative changes in the climate for real estate, risks related to local, regional, national and global economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition, property taxes and operating expenses, uninsured losses at properties due to terrorism, natural disasters or acts of violence, and costs resulting from the cleanup of environmental problems.
Valuation and Appraisal Risks. Investments in the Account’s assets are stated at fair value, which is defined as the price that would be received to sell the asset in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Determination of fair value, particularly for real estate assets, involves significant judgment. Valuation of the Account’s real estate properties (which comprise a substantial majority of the Account’s net assets) are based on real estate appraisals, which are estimates of property values based on a professional's opinion and may not be accurate predictors of the amount the Account would actually receive if it sold a property. Appraisals can be subjective in certain respects and rely on a variety of assumptions and conditions at that property or in the market in which the property is located, which may change materially after the appraisal is conducted. Among other things, market prices for comparable real estate may be volatile, in particular if there has been a lack of recent transaction activity in such market. Any future disruptions in the macro-economy, real estate markets and the credit markets, such as those that occurred from 2008-2011, could lead to a significant decline in real estate transaction activity in most markets and sectors in which the Account is invested. The resulting lack of observable transaction data may make it more difficult for a property appraisal to determine the fair value of the Account’s investment in one or more real estate assets. In addition, a portion of the data used by appraisers is based on historical information at the time the appraisal is conducted, and subsequent changes to such data, after an appraiser has used such data in connection with the appraisal, may not be adequately captured in the appraised value. Also, to the extent that the Account uses a relatively small number of independent appraisers to value a significant portion of its properties, valuations may be subject to any institutional biases of such appraisers and their valuation procedures.
Further, as the Account generally obtains appraisals on a quarterly basis, there may be circumstances in the period between appraisals or interim valuation adjustments in which the true realizable value of a property is not reflected in the Account’s daily net asset value calculation or in the Account’s periodic consolidated financial statements. This disparity may be more apparent when the commercial and/or residential real estate markets experience an overall and possibly dramatic decline (or increase) in property values in a relatively short period of time between appraisals.
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If the appraised values of the Account’s properties as a whole are too high, those contract owners who purchased accumulation units prior to (i) a downward valuation adjustment of a property or multiple properties or (ii) a property or properties being sold for a lower price than the appraised value will be credited with less of an interest than if the value had previously been adjusted downward. Also, those contract owners who redeem during any such period will have received more than their pro rata share of the value of the Account’s assets, to the detriment of other non-redeeming contract owners. In particular, appraised property values may prove to be too high (as a whole) in a rapidly declining commercial real estate market. Further, implicit in the Account’s definition of fair value is a principal assumption that there will be a reasonable time to market a given property and that the property will be exchanged between a willing buyer and willing seller in a non-distressed scenario. However, an appraised value may not reflect the actual realizable value that would be obtained in a rush sale where time was of the essence. Also, appraised values may lag actual realizable values to the extent there is significant and rapid economic deterioration in a particular geographic market or a particular sector within a geographic market.
If the appraised values of the Account’s properties as a whole are too low, those contract owners who redeem prior to (i) an upward valuation adjustment of a property or multiple properties or (ii) a property or properties being sold for a higher price than the appraised value will have received less than their pro rata share of the value of the Account’s assets, and those contract owners who purchase units during any such period will be credited with more than their pro rata share of the value of the Account’s assets.
Finally, the Account recognizes items of income (such as net operating income from real estate investments, distributions from real estate funds or joint ventures, or dividends from REIT stocks) and expense in many cases on an intermittent basis, where the Account cannot predict with certainty the magnitude or the timing of such items. As such, even as the Account estimates items of net operating income on a daily basis, the AUV for the Account may fluctuate, perhaps significantly, from day to day, as a result of adjusting these estimates for the actual recognizedrealized item of income or expense.
Risks of Borrowing. The Account acquires some of its properties subject to existing financing and from time to time borrows new funds at the time of purchase. The Account may borrow pursuant to mortgages placed on individual properties, under the Account’s two unsecured revolving credit agreements (“Credit Agreement orAgreements”), under another unsecured line of credit, or credit facility or term bank loan into which the Account enters in the future, or under the terms of debt securities that the Account may offer in the future. Also, the Account may from time to time place new leverage on, increase the leverage
already placed on, or refinance maturing debt on, existing properties the Account owns. Under the Account's current investment guidelines, the Account intends to maintain its loan-to-value ratio at or below 30% (measured at the time of incurrence and after giving effect thereto).
As of December 31, 2019,2020, the Account’s loan-to-value ratio was approximately 17.1%18.5%. Also, the Account may borrow up to 70% of the then-current value of a particular property. Non-construction mortgage loans on a property will be non-recourse to the Account, except for standard non-recourse carve outs. Among the risks of borrowing money, including borrowing under the Credit AgreementAgreements, any future line of credit, credit facility or term bank loan, the issuance of debt securities by the Account, or under another line of credit or credit facility, or otherwise investing in a property subject to a mortgage are the following:
•General Economic Conditions. General economic conditions, dislocations in the capital or credit markets generally or the market conditions then in effect in the real estate finance industry, may hinder the Account’s ability to obtain financing or refinancing for its property investments on favorable terms or at all, regardless of the quality of the Account’s property for which financing or refinancing is sought. Such unfavorable terms might include high interest rates, increased fees and costs and restrictive covenants applicable to the Account’s operation of the property. Longer term disruptions in the capital and credit markets as a result of uncertainty, changing or increased regulation, reduced alternatives, rising interest rates or failures of significant financial institutions could adversely affect our access to financing necessary to make profitable real estate investments. Our failure to obtain financing or refinancing on favorable terms due to the current state of the credit markets or otherwise could have an adverse impact on the returns of the Account. Also, the Account’s ability to continue to secure financing may be impaired if negative marketplace effects, such as those which followed from the worldwide economic slowdown following the 2008-2011 financial crisis or the subsequent sovereign debt and banking difficulties experienced in parts of the Eurozone, were to occur. Such marketplace effects could result
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in tighter lending standards instituted by banks and financial institutions, the reduced availability of credit facilities and project finance facilities from banks and the fall of consumer and/or business confidence.
•Default Risk. The property or group of encumbered properties may not generate sufficient cash flow to support the debt service on the mortgage loan. The property may also fail to meet certain financial or operating covenants contained in the loan documents and/or the property may have negative equity (i.e., the loan balance exceeds the value of the property) or inadequate equity. In addition, income from properties or investments or any other source of income for the Account may not generate sufficient cash flow to support the debt service on a line of credit or credit facility. In any of these circumstances, we (or a joint venture in which we invest) may default on the loan, including due to the failure to make required debt service payments when due. If a loan is in default, the Account or the venture may determine that it is not economically desirable and/or in the best interests of the Account to continue to make payments on the loan (including accessing other sources of funds to support debt service on the loan), and/or the Account or venture may not be able to otherwise remedy such default on commercially reasonable terms or at all. In either case, the lender then could accelerate the outstanding amount due on the loan and/or foreclose on the underlying property, in which case the Account could lose the value of its investment in the foreclosed property. Further, any such default or acceleration could trigger a default under loan agreements in respect of other Account properties pledged as security for the defaulted loan or other loans. Finally, any such default could subject the Account to the costs of litigation, increase the Account’s borrowing costs, or result in less favorable terms, with respect to financing future properties or entering into future lines of credit or credit facilities.
facilities, obtaining future bank term loans or issuing debt securities in the future.•Balloon Maturities.If the Account obtains a mortgage loan that involves a balloon payment, there is a risk that the Account will not be able to make the lump sum principal payment due under the loan at the end of the loan term, or otherwise obtain adequate refinancing on terms commercially acceptable to the Account or at all. The Account then may be forced to sell the property or other properties under unfavorable market conditions, restructure the loan on terms not advantageous to the Account, or default on its mortgage, resulting in the lender exercising its remedies, which may include repossession of the property, and the Account could lose the value of its investment in that property.
•Variable Interest Rate Risk. If the Account obtains variable-rate loans, the Account’s returns may be volatile when interest rates are volatile. Generally, changes in interest rates will have a smaller effect on the market value of variable-rate loans than on the market value of comparable fixed-rate obligations. Further, the Account is exposed to interest rate risk with respect to variable-rate indebtedness based on current property-level mortgage financings, and may become exposed to such interest rate risk in any future borrowings under the Credit Agreements, one or more future bank term loans or any future issuance of debt securities. Any increase in interest rates under such debt financing arrangements would directly result in higher interest expense costs to the extent that the Account takes out fixed-rate loans and interest rates subsequently decline, this may cause the Account to pay interest at above-market rates for a significant period of time.Account. Any interest rate hedging activities the Account engages in to mitigate this risk may not fully protect the Account from the impact of interest rate volatility.
As of December 31, 2020, the outstanding principal balance of our variable rate indebtedness, including mortgage loans payable and lines of credit was $105.0 million.•Variable Rate Demand Obligation (“VRDO”) Risk. To the extent the Account obtains financing pursuant to a variable rate demand obligationVRDO subject to periodic remarketing or similar mechanisms, the Account or the joint ventures in which it invests could face higher borrowing costs if the remarketing results in a higher prevailing interest rate. In addition, the terms of such variable rate obligationsVRDOs may allow the remarketing agent to cause the Account or venture to repay the loan on demand in the event insufficient market demand for such loans is present.
•Valuation Risk. The market valuation of loans payable could have an adverse impact on the Account’s performance. Valuations of loans payable are generally based on the amount at which the liability could be transferred in a current transaction, exclusive of transaction costs, and such valuations are subject to a number of assumptions and factors with respect to the loan and the underlying property, a change in any of which could cause the value of a mortgage loan to fluctuate. In addition, the Account may not be able to transact at a price deemed to be attractive, if at all, which may inhibit the Account from pursuing its investment strategies or negatively impact the values of portfolio holdings. Further, an increase in interest rates or other adverse conditions (e.g., inflation/deflation, increased selling of fixed-income investments across other pooled investment vehicles or accounts, changes in investor perception or changes in government
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intervention in the markets) may lead to increased transaction activity by contract owners and increased portfolio turnover, which could reduce liquidity for certain Account investments, adversely affect values of portfolio holdings and increase the Account’s costs.
•Underlying Leverage Risk by Certain Portfolio Investments. Certain of the Account’s portfolio investments, including investments in certain REITs, joint ventures and real estate funds and other investment vehicles often utilize leverage in connection with their investment activity. Such leverage is generally not included in the Account’s loan to valueloan-to-value calculation. In addition, higher amounts of leverage by such portfolio investments could cause the investments to lose money and negatively impact the Account's performance.
A general disruption in the credit markets, such as the disruption experienced in 2008 and 2009 or that caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, may aggravate some or all of these risks.
Investment and Cash Management Risks Associated with ParticipantContract Owner Transactions. The amount the Account has available to invest in new properties and other real estate-related assets will depend, in large part, on the level of net participantcontract owner transfers into or out of the Account as well as participantcontract owner premiums into the Account. As noted elsewhere in this prospectus,report, the Account intends to hold between 15% and 25% of its net assets in liquid, fixed-income investments. These liquid assets are intended to be used to satisfy participantcontract owner redemption requests and meet the Account’s expense needs (including, from time to time, obligations on debt). Significant participantcontract owner transaction activity into or out of the Account’s units is generally not predictable, and wide fluctuations can occur as a result of macroeconomic, geopolitical or market conditions (including market disruptions, volatility or downturns), the performance of equities or fixed income securities or general investor sentiment, regardless of the historical performance of the Account or of the performance of the real estate asset class generally. In the event that the Account were to experience significant net participantcontract owner transfers out of the Account, such transfers couldcan eventually cause the Account’s liquid, fixed-income investments to comprise less than 10% of the Account’s assets (on a net and total basis)., as occurred over the course of 2020. As of December 31, 2020, the Account’s liquid, fixed-income investments comprised 3.3% of its net assets. Such situations could requiretrigger the need to execute the TIAA liquidity guarantee. Among other things, this continued shortfall in the amount of liquid assets impaired management’s ability to consummate new transactions. If a significant amount of net participantcontract owner transfers out of the Account were to recur, particularly in high volumes, the Account may not have enough available liquid assets to pursue, or consummate, new investment opportunities presented to us that are otherwise attractive to the Account. This, in turn, could harm the Account’s returns. Even though the Account has over time experienced both net inflows (purchases) and net outflows (redemptions) of contract owner investments on an annual basis, there is no guarantee that net outflow or redemption activity will not increase, perhaps in a significant and rapid manner, particularly in response to market cycles in the domestic and foreign securities and commercial real estate markets and other factors.
Alternatively, periods of significant net transfer activity into the Account can result in the Account holding a higher percentage of its net assets in liquid, fixed-income investments than the Account’s managers would target to hold under the Account’s long-term strategy. As of December 31, 2019, the Account’s liquid, fixed-income investments comprised 15.2% of its net assets. At times, the portion of the Account’s net assets invested in these types of liquid instruments may exceed 25%, particularly if the Account receives a large inflow of money in a short period of time, coupled with a lack of attractive real estate-related investments on the market. Also, large inflows from participantcontract owner transactions often
occur in times of appreciating real estate values and pricing, which can render it challenging to execute on some transactions at ideal prices.
In an appreciating real estate market generally, thisa large percentage of assets held in liquid, fixed-income investments and not in real estate and real estate-related investments may impair the Account’s overall returns. This scenario may be exacerbated in a low interest rate environment for U.S. Treasury and Agency securities and other liquid, fixed-income investments. In addition, to manage cash flow, the Account may temporarily hold a higher percentage of its net assets in liquid real estate-related securities, such as REIT and CMBS securities, than its long-term targeted holdings in such securities, particularly during and immediately following times of significant net transfer activity into the Account. Such holdings could increase the volatility of the Account’s returns.
Joint Venture Investment Risks. Investing in joint ventures or other forms of joint property ownership may involve special risks, many of which are exacerbated when the consent of parties other than the Account is required to take action.
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•The co-venturer may have interests or goals inconsistent with those of the Account, including during times when a co-venturer may be experiencing financial difficulty. For example:
◦a co-venturer may desire a higher current income return on a particular investment than does the Account (which may be motivated by a longer-term investment horizon or exit strategy), or vice versa, which could cause difficulty in managing a particular asset;
◦a co-venturer may desire to maximize or minimize leverage in the venture, which may be at odds with the Account’s strategy;
◦a co-venturer may be more or less likely than the Account to agree to modify the terms of significant agreements (including loan agreements) binding the venture, or may significantly delay in reaching a determination whether to do so, each of which may frustrate the business objectives of the Account and/or lead to a default under a loan secured by a property owned by the venture; or
◦for reasons related to its own business strategy, a co-venturer may have different concentration standards as to its investments (geographically, by sector, or by tenant), which might frustrate the execution of the business plan for the joint venture.
•The co-venturer may be unable to fulfill its obligations (such as to fund its pro rata share of committed capital, expenditures or guarantee obligations of the venture) during the term of such agreement or may become insolvent or bankrupt, any of which could expose the Account to greater liabilities than expected and frustrate the investment objective of the venture.
•If a co-venturer doesn’tdoes not follow the Account’s instructions or adhere to the Account’s policies, the jointly owned properties, and consequently the Account, might be exposed to greater liabilities than expected.
•The Account may have limited rights with respect to the underlying property pursuant to the terms of the joint venture, including the right to operate, manage or dispose of a property, and a co-venturer could have approval rights over the marketing or the ultimate sale of the underlying property.
•The terms of the Account’s ventures often provide for complicated agreements which can impede our ability to direct the sale of the property owned by the venture at times the Account views most favorable. One such agreement is a "buy-sell" right, which may force us to make a decision (either to buy our co-venturer’s interest or sell our interest to our co-venturer) at inopportune times.
•A co-venturer can make it harder for the Account to transfer its equity interest in the venture to a third party, which could adversely impact the valuation of the Account’s interest in the venture.
•To the extent the Account serves as the general partner or managing member in a venture, it may owe certain contractual or other duties to the co-venturer, including fiduciary duties, which may present perceived or actual conflicts of interest in the management of the underlying assets. Such an arrangement could also subject the Account to liability to third parties in the performance of its duties as a general partner or managing member.
•The venture may incur higher than normal levels of investment leverage, including levels that exceed the Account’s typical loan-to-value ratio.
•A partner that administratively operates a particular co-venture may not sufficiently assess ESG-related criteria when acquiring and/or operating commercial real property, and any resulting ESG-related concernsfinancial performance issues with the commercial property
may have the potential in certain circumstances to negatively impact the value of, and subsequent investment returns on, the property.
Risks of Developing or Redeveloping Real Estate or Buying Recently Constructed Properties. If the Account chooses to develop or redevelop a property or buys a recently constructed property, it may face the following risks:
•There may be delays or unexpected increases in the cost of property development, redevelopment and construction due to strikes, bad weather, material shortages, increases in material and labor costs or other events.
•There are risks associated with potential underperformance or non-performance by, and/or solvency of a contractor we select or other third party vendors involved in developing or redeveloping the property.
•If the Account were viewed as developing or redeveloping underperforming properties, suffering losses on our investments, or defaulting on any loans on our properties, our reputation could be damaged. Damage to our
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reputation could make it more difficult to successfully develop or acquire properties in the future and to continue to grow and expand our relationships with our lenders, venture partners and tenants.
•Because external factors may have changed from when the project was originally conceived (e.g., slower growth in the local economy, higher interest rates, overbuilding in the area, or changes in the regulatory and permitting environment), the property may not attract tenants on the schedule we originally planned and/or may not operate at the income and expense levels first projected.
Real Estate Regulatory Risks. Government regulation at the federal, state and local levels, including, without limitation, zoning laws, rent control or rent stabilization laws, laws regulating housing on the Account’s multi-family
properties, the Americans with Disabilities Act, property taxes and fiscal, accounting, environmental or other government policies, could operate or change in a way that adversely affects the Account and its properties. For example, these regulations could raise the cost of acquiring, owning, improving or maintaining properties, present barriers to otherwise desirable investment opportunities or make it harder to sell, rent, finance, or refinance properties either on economically desirable terms, or at all, due to the increased costs associated with regulatory compliance.
In addition, some state and local municipal jurisdictions, such as New York City, Washington D.C. and the State of Washington, have enacted legislation which compels building owners to meet standards for energy efficiency or carbon emission limits which may result in unplanned capital expenditures or require amendments to leases or other financial agreements with tenants (which represent a significant portion of building energy consumption) to improve building efficiency. If standards are not met, the Account could be subject to fines and/or other regulatory penalties that may impact the value of non-compliant building held in the Account’s portfolio. Additional state and local jurisdictions (including foreign jurisdictions where the Account could own commercial property) that have committed to achieve carbon reduction, clean energy standards and other ESG-related criteria for commercial real estate may implement similar legislation that could increase costs and negatively impact the performance of such properties in the Account’s portfolio.
Environmental Risks. How well a company manages its impacts on the natural environment can support long-term sustainable growth, or present unmitigated costs and risks. The Account may be liable for damage to the environment or injury to individuals caused by hazardous substances used or found on its properties. Under various environmental regulations, the Account may also be liable, as a current or previous property owner or mortgagee, for the cost of removing or cleaning up hazardous substances found on a property, even if it did not know of and wasn’twas not responsible for the hazardous substances. If any hazardous substances are present or the Account does not properly clean up any hazardous substances, or if the Account fails to comply with regulations requiring it to actively monitor the business activities on its premises, the Account may have difficulty selling or renting a property or be liable for monetary penalties. Further, environmental laws may impose restrictions on the manner in which a property may be used, the tenants which may be allowed, or the manner in which businesses may be operated, which may require the Account to expend funds in order to comply with these laws. These laws may also cause the most ideal use of the property to differ from that originally contemplated and as a result could impair the Account’s returns. The cost of any required clean-up relating to a single real estate investment (including remediating contaminated property) and the Account’s potential liability for environmental damage, including paying personal injury claims and performing under indemnification obligations to third parties, could exceed the value of the Account’s investment in a property, the property’s value, or in an extreme case, a significant portion of the Account’s assets. Finally, while the Account may from time to time acquire third-party insurance related to environmental risks, such insurance coverage may be inadequate to cover the full cost of any loss and would cause the Account to be reliant on the financial health of our third-party insurer at the time any such claim is submitted.
Uninsurable Loss Risks. Certain catastrophic losses (e.g., from earthquakes, wars, terrorist acts, nuclear accidents, hurricanes, tsunamis, high winds, wildfires, inland or coastal floods, rising sea levels or environmental or industrial hazards or accidents) may be uninsurable or so expensive to insure against that it is economically disadvantageous to buy insurance for them. Further, the terms and conditions of the insurance coverage the Account has on its properties, in conjunction with the type of loss actually suffered at a property, may subject the property, or the Account as a whole, to a cap on insurance proceeds that is less than the loss or losses suffered. If a disaster that we have not insured against occurs, if the insurance contains a high deductible, and/or if the aggregate insurance
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proceeds for a particular type of casualty are capped, the Account could lose some of its original investment and any future profits from the property. Also, the Account may not have sufficient access to internal or external sources of funding to repair or reconstruct a damaged property to the extent insurance proceeds do not cover the full loss. In addition, some leases may permit a tenant to terminate its obligations in certain situations, regardless of whether those events are fully covered by insurance. In that case, the Account would not receive rental income from the property while that tenant’s space is vacant, and any such vacancy might impact the value of that property. Finally, as with respect to all third-party insurance, the Account is reliant on the continued financial health of such insurers and their ability to pay on valid claims. If the financial health of an insurer were to deteriorate quickly, the Account may not be able to find adequate coverage from another carrier on favorable terms, which could adversely impact the Account’s investment returns.
Physical Climate Change Related Financial Risks. Many of the Account’s commercial properties are located within geographical regions in the United States and likely foreign jurisdictions in the future that currently are, and in the future will continue to be, affected by increasingly severe and adverse weather conditions across the globe, including, among others, earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis, high winds, wildfires, changes in rainfall patterns, inland or coastal flooding, and rising sea levels. Impacts from climate change may include significant risks to global financial assets and economic growth. As regions experience changes to the climate and extreme weather events become more frequent and intense, commercial real estate assets within the Account that are located in such regions could be adversely impacted by direct damage to buildings and other improvements thereon and result in loss of revenue, the incurrence of unplanned capital and other expenses not covered by insurance, and increase operating expenses for such properties, including utility, insurance and maintenance costs. Climate related changes and resulting hazards may stress local populations (including as a result of malnutrition, mortality and population migration), real estate financing and operational systems, and local infrastructure to the point where such changes and hazards negatively impact local market attractiveness of such properties as investments, rental market growth, and ultimately decrease demand for and value of commercial real estate in such regions. Any resulting losses from such climate changes and hazards could adversely impact the Account’s investment returns.returns; however, should climate change assumptions be incorrect it may result in the Account forgoing investments that may have ultimately been beneficial to the Account.
Climate Change Transition Risks. Climate change poses long-term risks to investments that should be assessed and mitigated. Risks fall into two primary categories, as outlined within the Task Force on Climate Related Financial Disclosures (“TCFD”):
•Physical risk; and
•Transition risk: Transitioning to a low-carbon economy may entail extensive policy, legal, regulatory, technology and market changes to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Depending on the nature, speed and focus of these changes, transition risks may pose varying levels of financial and reputational risk to organizations and, by definition, also to their investors and portfolio assets (such as those held by the Account). While transition risk is relevant across sectors, it is likely to be especially severe for carbon-intensive industries.
ESG Criteria Risks. Management of the Account looks to utilize industry recognized environmental, social and governance ("ESG")(ESG) criteria in its commercial real estate underwriting given TIAA’s view that the application of such criteria, as part of the underwriting process, is beneficial in achieving positive long-term returns for the Account. In its evaluation of commercial real estate opportunities, the Account will take ESG considerations into account as part of the financial assessment of a commercial real estate portfolio asset, and not to achieve a desired outcome or as an investment qualification or screen. Ultimately, the Account will make an investment decision that incorporates ESG criteria only to the extent that the criteria is reasonably expected to enhance the ability to achieve desired returns for the Account. However, the applicationAccount's utilization of ESG criteria in its commercial real estate underwriting may, when coupled with other criteriaif economic risk or financial opportunity projections do not materialize in the underwriting process,way we have anticipated, result in the Account deciding to foregoforgoing some commercial real estate market opportunities that could behave ultimately been beneficial to the Account. Consequently, the Account may underperform other investment vehicles that do not utilize such ESG criteria in selecting portfolio properties.
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Foreign Real Property Investment Risks. Investment in foreign commercial real properties, foreign real estate loans, and foreign debt investments may present the following special risks:
•The value of foreign investments or rental income can increase or decrease due to changes or fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, imposition of currency exchange control or market control regulations, possible expropriation or confiscatory taxation, political, social, diplomatic and economic developments and foreign regulations. The Account translates into U.S. dollars purchases and sales of securities, income receipts and expense payments made in foreign currencies at the exchange rates prevailing on the respective dates of the transactions. The effect of any changes in currency exchange rates on foreign debt investments and loans payable is included in the Account’s net realized and unrealized gains and losses. As such, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, even if hedged, may impair or reduce the Account’s returns and result in poorer overall performance of the Account than if it had not acquired such foreign investments or entered into any foreign currency hedging transactions.
•In managing any domestic or foreign commercial real property investments, the Account may, but is not required to, use or enter into forward currency contracts and foreign currency swaps, and may buy or sell put and call options and futures contracts on foreign currencies as well as other types of derivatives transactions (including interest rate swaps and options, futures contracts or swaps) in order to hedge against the risks of currency or exchange rate uncertainties, interest rate uncertainties and foreign currency or market fluctuations impacting the Account’s domestic or foreign real estate investments. Changes in exchange rates and exchange control regulations or interest rates may increase or reduce the value of domestic or foreign real estate investments. Currency hedging, interest rate hedging and similar transactions involve special risks and may limit potential gains due to increases in a currency’s value or changes in interest rates. Unanticipated changes in interest rates, domestic or foreign securities prices or currency exchange rates may result in poorer overall performance of the Account than if it had not entered into any such currency-related or interest rate-related hedging transactions for such real property investments. In addition, the Account could incur additional costs of paying hedge unwind fees, if it has to terminate cross-currency or interest rate swaps, futures contracts or options prematurely due to early repayment of domestic or foreign mortgage loans related to such properties. The Account does not intend to speculate in foreign currency exchange transactions, forward currency contracts, interest rate options, futures contracts or swaps or other types of hedging transactions related to its portfolio of domestic or foreign real property investments.
•Non-U.S. jurisdictions may impose withholding taxes on the Account as a result of its investment activity in that jurisdiction. TIAA may be eligible for a foreign tax credit in respect of such tax paid by the Account and such credit (if available to TIAA) would be reimbursed to the Account. However, there may be circumstances where TIAA is unable to receive some or all of the benefit of a foreign tax credit and the Account would thus not receive reimbursement, which could harm the value of the Account’s units.
•Foreign real estate markets may have different liquidity and volatility attributes than U.S. markets.
•The regulatory environment in non-U.S. jurisdictions may disfavor owners and operators of real estate investment properties, resulting in less predictable and/or economically harmful outcomes if the Account were to face a significant dispute with a tenant or with a regulator itself.
•The Account may be subject to increased risk of regulatory scrutiny pursuant to U.S. federal statutes, such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, which, among other things, requires robust compliance and oversight programs to help prevent violations. The costs associated with maintaining such programs, in addition to costs associated with a potential regulatory inquiry, could impair the Account’s returns and divert management’s attention from other Account activities.
•It may be more difficult for the Account to obtain and collect a judgment on foreign investments than on domestic investments, and the costs to the Account that are associated with contesting claims relating to foreign investments may exceed those costs associated with a similar claim on domestic investments.
RISKS OF INVESTING IN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST (REIT) SECURITIES
The Account invests in registered and unregistered REIT securities for diversification, liquidity management and other purposes. The Account’s investment in REITs may also increase, as a percentage of net assets, during periods in which the Account is experiencing large net inflow activity, in particular due to net participantcontract owner transfers into the Account. As of December 31, 2019,2020, the Account did not hold any REIT securities comprised approximately 3.0% of the Account’s net assets.securities. Investments in REIT
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securities are part of the Account’s real estate-related investment strategy and are subject to many of the same general risks associated with direct real property ownership. In particular, equity REITs may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying properties owned by the entity, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the quality of any credit extended. Moreover, changes in consumer behavior that affect the use of commercial spaces could negatively impact the value of properties underlying certain REITs. In addition to these risks, because REIT investments are securities and generally publicly traded, they may be exposed to market risk and potentially significant price volatility due to changing conditions in the financial markets and, in particular, changes in overall interest rates, regardless of the value of the underlying real estate such REIT may own. In general, during periods of high interest rates, REITs may lose some of their appeal for investors who may be able to obtain higher yields from other income-producing investments, such as long-term bonds. Rising interest rates generally increase the cost of financing for real estate projects, which could cause the value of an equity REIT to decline. During periods of declining interest rates, mortgagors may elect to prepay mortgages held by mortgage REITs, which could lower or diminish the yield on the REIT. Also, sales of REIT securities by the Account for liquidity management purposes may occur at times when values of such securities have declined and it is otherwise an inopportune time to sell the security. Volatility in REITs can cause significant fluctuations in the Account’s AUV on a daily basis, as they are correlated to equity markets which have experienced significant day to day fluctuations over the past few years.
Finally, certain REITs may be self-liquidating in that a specific term of existence is provided for in their trust document. In acquiring the securities of REITs, the Account runs the risk that it will sell them at an inopportune time. REITs do not pay federal income taxes if they distribute most of their earnings to their shareholders and meet other tax requirements. Many of the requirements to qualify as a REIT, however, are highly technical and complex. Failure
to qualify as a REIT results in tax consequences, as well as disqualification from operating as a REIT for a period of time. Consequently, if the Account invests in securities of a REIT that later fails to qualify as a REIT, this may adversely affect the performance of our investment. Certain provisions of recently “Enacted Tax Legislation,” as described under such heading below and related guidance that may be issued by the Treasury and Internal Revenue Service may impact REIT qualification in an unforeseen manner. The Account will continue to monitor such developments.
RISKS OF MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES
The Account from time to time has invested in mortgage-backed securities and may in the future invest in such securities. Mortgage-backed securities, such as CMBS and RMBS, are subject to many of the same general risks inherent in real estate investing, making mortgage loans and investing in debt securities. The underlying mortgage loans may experience defaults with greater frequency than projected when such mortgages were underwritten, which would impact the values of these securities, and could hamper our ability to sell such securities. In particular, these types of investments may be subject to prepayment risk or extension risk (i.e., the risk that borrowers will repay the loans earlier or later than anticipated). If the underlying mortgage assets experience faster than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Account could fail to recoup some or all of its initial investment in these securities, since the original price paid by the Account was based in part on assumptions regarding the receipt of interest payments. If the underlying mortgage assets are repaid later than anticipated, the Account could lose the opportunity to reinvest the anticipated cash flows at a time when interest rates might be rising. The rate of prepayments depends on a variety of geographic, social and other functions, including prevailing market interest rates and general economic factors. Further, it is possible that issuers of U.S. Government Securities will not have the funds to meet their payment obligations in the future, and the U.S. Government may change its support of, and policies regarding, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac have been operating under conservatorship, with the Federal Housing Finance Administration (“FHFA”) acting as their conservator, since September 2008. The entities are dependent upon the continued support of the U.S. Department of the Treasury and FHFA in order to continue their business operations. These factors, among others, could affect the future status and role of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and the value of their securities and the securities which they guarantee. Even if the Account acquired such securities, such changes may have a negative effect on the pricing of such securities. Other policy changes impacting Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and/or U.S. Government programs related to mortgages that may be implemented in the future could create market uncertainty and affect the actual or perceived credit quality of issued securities, adversely affecting mortgage-backed securities through an increased risk of loss.
Importantly, the fair market value of these securities is also highly sensitive to changes in interest rates, liquidity of the secondary market and economic conditions impacting financial institutions and the credit markets generally. Note that the potential for appreciation, which could otherwise be expected to result from a decline in interest rates, may be limited by any increased prepayments. Further, volatility and disruption in the mortgage market and credit
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markets generally may cause there to be a very limited or even no secondary market for these securities and they therefore may be harder to sell than other securities.
RISKS OF INVESTING IN MORTGAGE LOANS AND RELATED INVESTMENTS
The Account’s investment strategy includes, to a limited extent, investments in mortgage loans (i.e., the Account serving as lender).
General Risks of Mortgage Loans. The Account will be subject to the risks inherent in making mortgage loans, including:
•The borrower may default on the loan, requiring that the Account foreclose on the underlying property to protect the value of its mortgage loan. Since its mortgage loans are usually non-recourse, the Account must rely solely on the value of a property for its security. In addition, there is a risk of delay in exercising any contractual remedies due to actions of the borrower, including, without limitation, bankruptcy or insolvency of the borrower.
•The larger the mortgage loan compared to the value of the property securing it, the greater the loan’s risk. Upon default, the Account may not be able to sell the property for its estimated or appraised value. Also, certain liens on the property, such as mechanic’s or tax liens, may have priority over the Account’s security interest.
•A deterioration in the financial condition of tenants, which could be caused by general or local economic conditions or other factors beyond the control of the Account, or the bankruptcy or insolvency of a major tenant, may adversely
affect the income of a property, which could increase the likelihood that the borrower will default under its obligations.
•The borrower may be unable to make a lump sum principal payment due under a mortgage loan at the end of the loan term, unless it can refinance the mortgage loan with another lender.
•If interest rates are volatile during the loan period, the Account’s variable rate mortgage loans could have volatile yields. Further, to the extent the Account makes mortgage loans with fixed interest rates, it may receive lower yields than that which is then available in the market if interest rates rise generally.
Interest Rate Risk. The risk that the value or yield of fixed-income investments may decline if interest rates change. In general, when prevailing interest rates decline, the market values of outstanding fixed-income investments (particularly those paying a fixed rate of interest) tend to increase while yields on similar newly issued fixed-income investments tend to decrease, which could adversely affect the Account’s income. Conversely, when prevailing interest rates increase, the market values of outstanding fixed-income investments (particularly those paying a fixed rate of interest) tend to decline while yields on similar newly issued fixed income investments tend to increase. If a fixed-income investment pays a floating or variable rate of interest, changes in prevailing interest rates may increase or decrease the investment’s yield. Fixed-income investments with longer durations tend to be more sensitive to interest rate changes than shorter-term investments. Interest rate risk is generally heightened during periods when prevailing interest rates are low or negative. During periods of very low or negative interest rates, a fixed-income investment may not be able to maintain positive returns. As of the date of this report, interest rates in the United States and in certain foreign markets are at low levels. In general, changing interest rates could have unpredictable effects on the markets and may expose fixed-income and related markets to heightened volatility. A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates to rise (e.g., central bank monetary policies, inflation rates, or general economic conditions). Additional interest rate-related risk include the following:
•London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR"(“LIBOR”) Risks. LIBOR is an average interest rate, determined by the ICE Benchmark Administration, that banks charge one another for the use of short-term money. In addition, the terms of many investments, financings or other transactions in the U.S. and globally have been historically tied to LIBOR, which functions as a reference rate or benchmark for various commercial and financial contracts. The United Kingdom’s (“UK”) Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”) has announced plans to discontinue supporting LIBOR and transition away from LIBOR by the end of 2021. However, subsequent announcements by the FCA, the LIBOR administrator and other regulators indicate that it is possible that certain LIBOR tenors may continue beyond 2021 and the most widely used LIBOR tenors may continue until mid-2023. There remains uncertainty regarding the future use of LIBOR and the nature of any replacement rate, and any potential effects of the transition away from LIBOR on the Account or on certain instruments in which the Account
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invests are not known. Various financial industry groups have begun planning for that transition and certain regulators and industry groups have taken actions to establish alternative reference rates (e.g., the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, which measures the cost of overnight borrowings through repurchase agreement transactions collateralized with U.S. Treasury securities and is intended to replace U.S. dollar LIBOR with certain adjustments). The transition process may involve, among other things, an increase in volatility or illiquidity of markets for instruments that currently rely on LIBOR, a reduction in the value of certain instruments held by the Account or a reduction in the effectiveness of related Account transactions such as hedging transactions. Various pending legislation, including in the U.S. Congress and the New York state legislature, may affect the transition of LIBOR-based instruments as well by permitting trustees and calculation agents to transition instruments with no LIBOR transition language to an alternative reference rate selected by such agents. Those legislative proposals include safe harbors from liability, which may limit the recourse the Account may have if the alternative reference rate does not fully compensate the Account for the transition of an instrument from LIBOR. It is uncertain whether such legislative proposals will be signed into law. Any such effects, as well as other unforeseen effects, could result in losses to the Account; and
•Negative Interest Rate Risk. Certain European countries and Japan have pursued negative interest rate policies, the consequences of which are uncertain. In response to recent volatility and economic uncertainty, the U.S. government and certain foreign central banks have taken steps to stabilize markets by, among other things, reducing interest rates. A negative interest rate policy is an unconventional central bank monetary policy tool where nominal target interest rates are set with a negative value (i.e., below zero percent) intended to help create self-sustaining growth in the local economy. If a bank charges negative interest, instead of receiving interest on deposits, a depositor must pay the bank fees to keep money with the bank. As a result, certain debt instruments have recently begun to trade at negative yields.yields, which means the purchaser of the instrument may receive at maturity less than the total amount invested. Negative interest rates may become more prevalent among foreign (non-U.S.) issuers, and potentially within the U.S.United States. These market conditions may increase the Account’s exposure to the risks associated with rising interest rates. A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates or yields of U.S. Treasury securities (or yields of other types of bonds) to rise. This is especially true under current market conditions because, as of the date of this registration statement,report, interest rates in the United States and in certain foreign markets are at low levels. Thus, the Account currently faces a heightened level of risk associated with rising interest rates. This could be driven by a variety of factors, including, but not limited, to central bank monetary policies, changing inflation or real growth rates, general economic conditions, increasing bond issuances or reduced market demand for low yielding investments. To the extent the Federal Reserve Board continues to raise interest rates, there is a risk that rates across the financial system may rise. To the extent the Account has a bank deposit or holds a debt or mortgage instrument with a negative interest rate to maturity, the Account would generate a negative return on that investment. A number of factors may contribute to debt instruments trading at
a negative yield. While negative yields can be expected to reduce demand for fixed-income investments trading at a negative interest rate, investors may be willing to continue to purchase such investments for a number of reasons including, but not limited to, price insensitivity, arbitrage opportunities across fixed-income markets, or rules-based investment strategies.strategies, capital preservation, reduced volatility, or decreased investment opportunities. If negative interest rates become more prevalent in the market, it is expected that investors will seek to reallocate assets to other income-producing assets such as investment-grade and high-yield debt instruments, or equity investments that pay a dividend. This increased demand for higher yielding assets may cause the price of such instruments to rise while triggering a corresponding decrease in yield and the value of debt instruments over time. In addition, a move to higher yielding investments may cause investors, including the Account, to seek fixed-income investments with longer duration and/or potentially reduced credit quality in order to seek the desired level of yield. These considerations may limit the Account’s ability to locate fixed-income instruments containing the desired risk/return profile. Changing interest rates, including, but not limited to, rates that fall below zero, could have unpredictable effects on the markets and may expose fixed-income and related markets to heightened volatility and potential illiquidity, increasing the potential for losses for the Account.
Extension Risk. The risk that during periods of rising interest rates, borrowers pay off their mortgage loans later than expected, preventing the Account from reinvesting principal proceeds at higher interest rates, resulting in less income than potentially available. These risks are normally present in mortgage-backed securities and other ABS.
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For example, homeowners have the option to prepay their mortgages. Therefore, the duration of a security backed by home mortgages can lengthen depending on homeowner prepayment activity. A decline in the prepayment rate and the resulting increase in duration of fixed-income securities held by the Account can result in losses to the Account.
Prepayment Risk. The Account’s mortgage loan investments will usually be subject to the risk that the borrower repays a loan early. Also, the Account may be unable to reinvest the proceeds at as high an interest rate as the original mortgage loan rate, resulting in a decline in income. These risks are normally present in mortgage-backed securities and other ABS. For example, homeowners have the option to prepay their mortgages. Therefore, the duration of a security backed by home mortgages can shorten depending on homeowner prepayment activity. A rise in the prepayment rate and the resulting decline in duration of fixed-income securities held by the Account can result in losses to investors in the Account.
Interest Limitations. The interest rate we charge on mortgage loans may inadvertently violate state usury laws that limit rates, if, for example, state law changes during the loan term. If this happens, the Account could incur penalties or may be unable to enforce payment of the loan.
Risks of Investing in Domestic and Foreign Debt or Loans. The Account may invest from time to time in domestic and foreign mezzanine and other debts or loans to entities which own real estate assets. Generally these loans will be secured by a pledge of the equity securities of the entity, but not by a first lien security interest in the property itself. As such, the Account’s recovery in the event of an adverse circumstance at the property (such as a default under a mortgage loan on the property) will be subordinated to the recovery available to the first lien mortgage lender(s) to the property. The Account’s remedy may solely consist of foreclosing on the equity interest in the entity owning the property, and that equity interest will be junior in right of recovery to a loan secured by the property owned by the entity. Also, as a subordinated lender, the Account may have limited rights to exercise control over the process by which the mortgage loan is restructured or the property is liquidated following a default. Any of these circumstances may result in the Account being unable to recover some or all of its original investment.
Risks of Hedging Strategies for Domestic and Foreign Loans and Securities. In managing any domestic or foreign
mezzanine debt or other domestic or foreign loans or securities, the Account may use or enter into forward currency contracts and foreign currency swaps, and may buy or sell put and call options and futures contracts on foreign currencies as well as other types of derivatives transactions (including interest rate swaps and options, futures contracts or swaps) in order to hedge against the risks of exchange rate uncertainties, interest rate uncertainties and foreign currency or market fluctuations impacting the Account’s domestic or foreign loan and securities investments. Changes in exchange rates and exchange control regulations or interest rates may increase or reduce the value of domestic or foreign mezzanine debt or other types of loans and securities. Currency hedging, interest rate hedging and similar transactions involve special risks and may limit potential gains due to increases in a currency’s value or changes in interest rates. Unanticipated changes in interest rates, domestic or foreign securities prices or currency exchange rates may result in poorer overall performance of the Account than if it had not entered into any such currency-related or interest rate-related hedging transactions for such loans and securities. In addition, the Account could incur additional costs of paying hedge unwind fees, if it has to terminate cross-currency or interest rate swaps, futures contracts or options prematurely due to early repayment of domestic or foreign mezzanine or other debt or securities. The Account does not intend to speculate in foreign currency exchange transactions, forward currency contracts, interest rate options,
futures contracts or swaps or other types of hedging transactions relating to its portfolio of domestic and foreign loans and securities.
Risks of Participations. To the extent the Account invested in a participating mortgage, the following additional risks would apply:
◦The participation feature, in tying the Account’s returns to the performance of the underlying asset, might generate insufficient returns to make up for the higher interest rate the loan would have obtained without the participation feature.
◦In very limited circumstances, a court may characterize the Account’s participation interest as a partnership or joint venture with the borrower and the Account could lose the priority of its security interest or become liable for the borrower’s debts.
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RISKS OF U.S. GOVERNMENT AND GOVERNMENT AGENCY SECURITIES AND CORPORATE OBLIGATIONS
The Account invests in securities issued by U.S. Government agencies and U.S. Government-sponsored entities. Some of these issuers may not have their securities backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, which could
adversely affect the pricing and value of such securities. U.S. Government securities that are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States present limited credit risk compared to other types of debt securities but are not free of risk. Other U.S. Government securities are supported by the right of the agency or instrumentality to borrow an amount limited to a specific line of credit from the U.S. Treasury or by the discretionary authority of the U.S. Government to purchase financial obligations of the agency or instrumentality, which are thus subject to a greater amount of credit risk than those supported by the full faith and credit of the United States. Still other U.S. Government securities are only supported by the credit of the issuing agency or instrumentality which are subject to greater credit risk as compared to other U.S. Government securities. The maximum potential liability of the issuers of some U.S. Government securities may exceed then current resources, including any legal right to support from the U.S. Treasury. Because the U.S. Government is not obligated by law to support an agency or instrumentality that it sponsors, or such agency’s or instrumentality’s securities, the Account only invests in U.S. Government securities when TIAA determines that the credit risk associated with the obligation is suitable for the Account.
It is possible that issuers of U.S. Government securities will not have the funds to meet their payment obligations in the future. Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corp. (“FHLMC”) and Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”) have been operating under conservatorship, with the FHFA acting as their conservator, since September 2008. The FHFA and U.S. Presidential administration have made public statements regarding plans to consider ending the conservatorships. In the event that FHLMC or FNMA are taken out of conservatorships, it is unclear how their respective capital structure would be constructed and what impact, if any, there would be on FHLMC’s or FNMA’s creditworthiness and guarantees of certain mortgage-backed securities. The entities are dependent upon the continued support of the U.S. Department of the Treasury and FHFA in order to continue their business operations. These factors, among others, could affect the future status and role of FHLMC and FNMA and the value of their securities and the securities which they guarantee.
Uncertainty regarding the status of negotiations in the U.S. Congress to increase the statutory debt ceiling may increase the risk that the U.S. Government may default on payments on certain U.S. Government securities, including those held by the Account.
In addition, the Account may invest in corporate obligations (such as commercial paper and other types of corporate debt obligations) and while the Account seeks out such holdings in short-term or intermediate-term, higher-quality liquid instruments, the ability of the Account to sell these securities may be uncertain, particularly when there are general dislocations in the finance or credit markets. Any such volatility could have a negative impact on the value of these securities. Further, transaction activity may fluctuate significantly from time to time, which could impair the Account’s ability to dispose of a security at a favorable time, regardless of the credit quality of the underlying issuer. Also, inherent with investing in any corporate obligation is the risk that the credit quality of the issuer will deteriorate, which could cause the obligations to be downgraded and hamper the value or the liquidity of these securities. Finally, any further downgrades or threatened downgrades of the credit rating for U.S. Government obligations generally could impact the pricing and liquidity of agency securities or corporate obligations in a manner which could impact the value of the Account’s units. On one occasion, the long-term credit rating of the United States has been downgraded by at least one leading rating agency as a result of disagreements within the U.S. Government over raising the debt ceiling to repay outstanding obligations. Similar situations in the future could result in higher interest rates, lower prices of U.S. Treasury securities and increase the costs of various kinds of debt, which may adversely affect the Account.
RISKS OF LIQUID, FIXED-INCOME INVESTMENTS
The Account’s investments in liquid, fixed-income investments, whether real estate-related securities (such as REITs, CMBS or some loans receivable) or non real estate-related securities (such as ABS, MBS, RMBS, CLOs, CMOs, CDOs, cash equivalents, and municipal bond securities, and other domestic and foreign government and corporate securities and structured securities), and whether debt or equity, are subject to the following general risks:
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Issuer Risk (often called Financial Risk). The risk that an issuer’s earnings or revenue prospects and overall financial position will deteriorate (or be perceived to deteriorate by market participants, rating agencies, pricing services or otherwise), causing a decline in the value of the issuer’s financial instruments over short or extended periods of time. In times of market turmoil, perceptions of an issuer’s credit risk can quickly change and even large, well-established issuers may deteriorate rapidly with little or no warning.
Credit Risk. The risk that the issuer of the fixed-income investments may not be able or willing to meet interest or principal payments when the payments become due.due, or, in the case of structured securities, the risk that the underlying collateral for the security may be insufficient to support such interest or principal payments, thereby causing a loss to the Account on the investment. Credit risk is heightened in times of market turmoil when perceptions of an issuer’s credit risk can quickly change and even large, well-established issuers and/or governments or, in the case of structured securities, higher quality underlying collateral for the security, may deteriorate rapidly with little or no warning.
Credit Spread Risk. The risk that credit spreads (i.e., the difference in yield between securities that is due to differences in each security’s respective credit quality) may increase when market participants believe that bonds generally have a greater risk of default. Increasing credit spreads may reduce the market values of the Account’s securities. Credit spreads often increase more for lower-rated and unrated securities than for investment-grade securities. In addition, when credit spreads increase, reductions in market value will generally be greater for longer-maturity securities.
Market Volatility, Liquidity and Valuation Risk. The risk that volatile or dramatic reductions in trading activity, or the cessation of trading at any time, whether due to general market turmoil, limited dealer capacity, problems experienced by a single company or a market sector, or other factors, such as natural disasters or public emergencies (pandemics and epidemics), in securities markets make it difficult for the Account to properly value its investments and thatinvestments. In such situations, the Account may not be able to purchase or sell a securities investment at an attractive price, if at all. This risk is particularly acute to the extent the Account holds equity securities, which have experienced significant short-term price volatility in recent years.
Interest Rate Risk. The risk that increases or volatility in interest rates can cause the prices of certain fixed-income investments to decline. This risk is heightened to the extent the Account invests in fixed-income investments and during periods when prevailing interest rates are low. Periods of very low or negative interest rates may challenge the Account’s ability to maintain positive returns. As of the date of this report, interest rates in the United States and in certain foreign markets are near historic lows, which may increase the Account’s exposure to risks associated with rising interest rates. In general, changing interest rates could have unpredictable effects on the markets and may expose fixed-income and related markets to heightened volatility. A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates to rise (e.g., central bank monetary policies, inflation rates, or general economic conditions).
Downgrade Risk. The risk that securities are subsequently downgraded should TIAA and/or rating agencies believe the issuer’s business outlook or creditworthiness has deteriorated. If this occurs, the values of these investments may decline, or it may affect the issuer’s ability to raise additional capital for operational or financial purposes and increase the chance of default, as a downgrade may be seen in the financial markets as a signal of an issuer’s deteriorating financial position.
Income Volatility Risk. Income volatility refers to the degree and speed with which changes in prevailing market interest rates diminish the level of current income from the Account’s portfolio of fixed-income securities. The risk of income volatility is that the level of current income from a portfolio of fixed-income securities may decline in certain interest rate environments.
Call Risk. The risk that an issuer will redeem a fixed-income investment prior to maturity. This often happens when prevailing interest rates are lower than the rate specified for the fixed-income investment. If a fixed-income investment is called early, the Account may not be able to benefit fully from the increase in value that other fixed-income investments experience when interest rates decline. Additionally, the Account would likely have to reinvest the payoff proceeds at current yields, which are likely to be lower than the fixed-income investment in which the Account originally invested, resulting in a decline in income.
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Prepayment Risk. The risk that, during periods of falling interest rates, borrowers may pay off their loans sooner than expected, forcing the Account to reinvest the unanticipated proceeds at lower interest rates, resulting in a decline in income. These risks are normally present in mortgage-backed securities and other asset-backed securities. For example, borrowers have the option to prepay their mortgages. Therefore, the duration of a security backed by home mortgages can shorten depending on borrower prepayment activity. A rise in the prepayment rate and the resulting decline in duration of fixed-income securities held by the Account can result in losses to the Account.
Extension Risk. The risk that, during periods of rising interest rates, borrowers may pay off their mortgage loans later than expected, preventing a Fund from reinvesting principal proceeds at higher interest rates, resulting in less income than potentially available. These risks are normally present in mortgage-backed securities and other asset-backed securities. For example, homeowners have the option to prepay their mortgages. Therefore, the duration of a security backed by home mortgages can lengthen depending on homeowner prepayment activity. A decline in the prepayment
rate and the resulting increase in duration of fixed-income securities held by the Account can result in losses to the Account.
U.S. Government Securities Risk. Securities issued by the U.S. Government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities may receive varying levels of support from the U.S. Government, which could affect the Account’s ability to recover should they default. Therefore, securities issued by U.S. Government agencies or instrumentalities that are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government may involve increased risk of loss of principal and interest. In addition, the value of U.S. Government securities may be affected by changes in the credit rating of the U.S. Government. To the extent the Account invests significantly in securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities, any market movements, regulatory changes or changes in political or economic conditions that affect the securities of the U.S. Government or its agencies or instrumentalities in which the Account invests may have a significant impact on the Account’s performance. Events that would adversely affect the market prices of securities issued or guaranteed by one U.S. Government agency or instrumentality may adversely affect the market prices of securities issued or guaranteed by other agencies or instrumentalities.
State and Municipal Investment Risk. Events affecting states and municipalities may adversely affect the Account’s investments and its performance. These events may include severe financial difficulties and continued budget deficits, economic or political policy changes, tax base erosion, state constitutional limits on tax increases, and changes in the credit ratings assigned to state and municipal issuers of debt instruments.instruments that the Account may hold. Since 2008, many states and municipalities have experienced—and continue to experience—severe financial difficulties. As a result, the economies and fiscal condition of these states and municipalities have deteriorated significantly as a result of a number of economic and other factors, including continued state and local housing crises, high unemployment levels, a drop in tax revenue and periods of larger national economic slowdown. The continued deterioration of state and municipal economies has resulted in large state and municipal budget deficits and it is unclear at this time when and how states and municipalities will close their budget gaps or how those solutions might affect state or municipal governments. A negative change in any one of these or other areas could affect the ability of state or municipal issuers to meet their debt obligations and result in losses to the Account.
Foreign Securities Investment Risk. Foreign investments, which may include securities of foreign issuers, securities or contracts traded or acquired in non-U.S. markets or on non-U.S. exchanges, or securities or contracts payable or denominated in non-U.S. currencies, can involve special risks that arise from one or more of the following events or circumstances: (1) changes in currency exchange rates; (2) possible imposition of market controls or currency exchange controls; (3) possible imposition of withholding taxes on dividends and interest; (4) possible seizure, expropriation or nationalization of assets; (5) more limited financial information or difficulties interpreting it because of foreign regulations and accounting standards; (6) lower liquidity and higher volatility in some foreign markets; (7) the impact of political, social or diplomatic events; (8) economic sanctions or other measures by the United States or other governments; (9) the difficulty of evaluating some foreign economic trends; and (10) the possibility that a foreign government could restrict an issuer from paying principal and interest to investors outside the country. Brokerage commissions and custodial and transaction costs are often higher for foreign investments, and it may be difficult for the Account to use foreign laws and courts to enforce financial or legal obligations. Foreign investments may also be subject to risk of loss because of more or less foreign government regulation, less public information, and less stringent investor protections and disclosure standards.
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Emerging Markets Risk. The risk of foreign investment often increases in countries with emerging markets. For example, these countries may have more unstable governments than developed countries, and their economies may be based on only a few industries. Emerging markets countries may also have less stringent regulation of accounting, auditing, financial reporting, and recordkeeping requirements, which could affect the Account’s ability to evaluate potential investments. Because their financial markets may be very small, share prices of financial instruments in emerging market countries may be volatile and difficult to determine. Financial instruments of issuers in these countries may have lower overall liquidity than those of issuers in more developed countries. In addition, foreign investors such as the Account are subject to a variety of special restrictions in many emerging market countries. The risks outlined above are often more pronounced in “frontier markets” in which the Account may invest. Moreover, legal remedies for investors in emerging markets (including derivative litigation) may be more limited, and U.S. authorities may have less ability to bring actions against bad actors in emerging markets countries. Frontier markets are those emerging markets that are considered to be among the smallest, least mature and least liquid. These factors may make investing in frontier market countries significantly riskier than investing in other countries.
Fixed-Income Foreign Investment Risk. Foreign fixed-income securities investments, including securities or contracts payable or denominated in non-U.S. currencies, can involve special risks that arise from one or more of the following events or circumstances: (1) changes in currency exchange rates; (2) possible imposition of market controls or currency exchange controls; (3) possible imposition of withholding taxes on dividends and interest; (4) possible seizure, expropriation or nationalization of assets; (5) more limited financial information about the foreign debt issuer or difficulties interpreting it because of foreign regulations and accounting standards; (6) lower liquidity and higher volatility in some foreign markets; (7) the impact of political, social or diplomatic events; (8) economic sanctions or other measures by the United States or other governments; (9) the difficulty of evaluating some foreign economic trends; and (10) the possibility that a foreign government could restrict an issuer from paying principal and interest on its debt obligations to investors outside the country. It may also be difficult to use foreign laws and courts to force a foreign issuer to make principal and interest payments on its debt obligations. In addition, the cost of servicing external debt will also generally be adversely affected by rising international interest rates because many external debt obligations bear interest at rates which are adjusted based upon international interest rates. The risks described above often increase in countries with emerging markets. For example, the ability of a foreign sovereign issuer, especially in an emerging market country, to make timely and ultimate payments on its debt obligations may be strongly influenced by the issuer’s balance of payments, including export performance, its access to international credit and investments, fluctuations of interest rates and the extent of its foreign reserves. If a deterioration occurs in the foreign country’s
balance of payments, it could impose temporary restrictions on foreign capital remittances. In addition, there is a risk of restructuring certain foreign debt obligations that could reduce and reschedule interest and principal payments.
Sovereign Debt Risk. The risk that the issuer of non-U.S. sovereign debt or the governmental authorities that control the repayment of such debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due. This may result from political or social factors, the general economic environment of a country, levels of foreign debt or foreign currency exchange rates, among other possible reasons. To the extent the issuer or controlling governmental authority is unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due, the Account may have limited recourse to compel payment in the event of default and could result in losses to the Account.
Supranational Debt Risk. The risk that the issuer of multinational or supranational foreign debt (e.g., the European Union or the International Monetary Fund (IMF)) that controls the repayment of such debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due. This may result from, among other possible reasons, political or social factors (e.g., the sudden or gradual disintegration of the multinational or supranational organization), the general economic environment of the countries or foreign markets that comprise the organization, levels of foreign debt or foreign currency exchange rates. To the extent the issuer or controlling multinational or supranational authority is unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due, the Account may have limited recourse to compel payment in the event of default and could result in losses to the Account.
Active Management Risk. The risk that the Account’s strategy, investment selection or trading execution for securities, including REIT stocks, may cause the Account to underperform relative to a stated benchmark index or funds or accounts with similar investment objectives.
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Currency Risk. The risk of a decline in the value of a foreign currency versus the U.S. dollar, which reduces the dollar value of securities denominated in that foreign currency. The overall impact on the Account’s holdings can be significant and long lasting depending on the currencies represented in the portfolio, how each currency appreciates or depreciates in relation to the U.S. dollar, and whether currency positions are hedged. Foreign currency exchange rates may fluctuate significantly over short periods of time, particularly with respect to emerging markets currencies. Currency exchange rates can also be affected unpredictably by intervention by U.S. or foreign governments or central banks, or by currency controls or political developments.
Derivatives Risk. The risks associated with investing in derivatives may be different and greater than the risks associated with directly investing in the underlying securities and other instruments. Derivatives such as swaps are subject to risks such as liquidity risk, interest rate risk, market risk, and credit risk. These derivatives involve the risk of mispricing or improper valuation and the risk that the prices of certain options, futures, swaps (including credit default swaps), forwards and other types of derivative instruments may not correlate perfectly with the prices or performance of the underlying security, currency, rate, index or other asset. Certain derivatives present counterparty risk, or the risk of default by the other party to the contract, and some derivatives are, or may suddenly become, illiquid. Some of these risks exist for futures, options and swaps which may trade on established markets. Unanticipated changes in interest rates, securities prices or currency exchange rates may result in poorer overall performance of the Account than if it had not entered into derivatives transactions. The potential for loss as a result of investing in derivatives, and the speed at which such losses can be realized, may be greater than investing directly in the underlying security or other instrument. Derivative investments can create leverage by magnifying investment losses or gains, and the Account could lose more than the amount invested.
Currency Management Strategies Risk. Currency management strategies, including forward currency contracts, may substantially change the Account’s exposure to currency exchange rates and could result in losses to the Account if currencies do not perform as TIAA expects. In addition, currency management strategies, to the extent that such strategies reduce the Account’s exposure to currency risks, may also reduce the Account’s ability to benefit from favorable changes in currency exchange rates. There is no assurance that TIAA’s use of currency management strategies will benefit the Account or that they will be, or can be, used at appropriate times. Furthermore, there may not be a perfect correlation between the amount of exposure to a particular currency and the amount of securities in the portfolio denominated in that currency. Currency markets are generally less regulated than securities markets. Derivatives transactions, especially forward currency contracts and currency-related futures contracts and swap agreements, may involve significant amounts of currency management strategies risk.
Counterparty and Third Party Risk. Transactions involving a counterparty to a derivative or other instrument, or a third party responsible for servicing the instrument, are subject to the credit risk of the counterparty or third party, and to the counterparties or third party’s ability to perform in accordance with the terms of the transaction. If a counterparty defaults, the Account may have contractual remedies but the Account may be unable to enforce them due to the application of bankruptcy, insolvency and other laws affecting the rights of creditors. Counterparty risk is still present even if a counterpartiescounterparties' obligations are secured by collateral because, for example, the Account’s interest in collateral may not be perfected or additional collateral may not be promptly posted as required. The Account is also subject to counterparty risk to the extent it executes a significant portion of its securities or derivatives transactions through a single broker, dealer, or futures commission merchant.
Illiquid Investments Risk.The risk that illiquid investments may be difficult to sell for the value at which they are carried, if at all, or at any price within the desired time frame. Illiquid investments are those that are not reasonably expected to be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. The Account’s investments in illiquid investments may reduce the returns of the Account because it may be unable to sell the illiquid investment at an advantageous time or price, which could prevent the Account from taking advantage of other investment opportunities. Illiquid investments may trade less frequently, in lower quantities and/or at a discount as compared to more liquid investments, which may cause the Account to receive distressed prices and incur higher transaction
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costs when selling such investments. Securities that are liquid at the time of purchase may subsequently become illiquid due to events such as adverse developments for an issuer, industry-specific developments, market events, rising interest rates, changing economic conditions or investor perceptions and geopolitical risk. Dislocations in certain parts of markets have resulted, and may continue to result, in reduced liquidity for certain investments. It is uncertain when financial markets will improve and economic conditions will stabilize. Liquidity of financial markets may also be affected by government intervention and political, social, health, economic or market developments. During periods of market stress, the Account’s assets could potentially experience significant levels of illiquidity.
Deposit/Money Market Risk. The risk that, to the extent the Account’s cash held in bank deposit accounts exceeds federally insured limits as to that bank, the Account could experience losses if banks fail. In addition, there is some risk that investments held in money market accounts or funds can suffer losses
losses. Further, to the extent that a significant portion of the Account’s net assets at any particular time consist of cash, cash equivalents and non-real estate-related liquid securities, the Account’s returns may suffer as compared to the return that could have been generated by more profitable real estate-related investments. Such a potential negative impact on returns may be exacerbated in times of low prevailing interest rates payable on many classes of liquid securities, such as is the case as of the date hereof and which may persist in the future.
COVID-19-Related Risks to Liquid Securities. In addition to the risks noted above, the U.S. capital markets have continued to experience extreme volatility and disruption during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some economists and investment banks have expressed concern that the continued spread of COVID-19 globally could lead to a prolonged global economic downturn, which, in addition to affecting our investments in real property, would adversely impact the Account’s investments in real-estate and non-real estate-related liquid assets. Disruptions in the capital markets have increased the spread between the yields realized on risk-free and higher risk securities, resulting in illiquidity in parts of the capital markets. Such disruptions may adversely affect the Account’s business, financial position and results of operations.
Structured Securities Risk. The risk that the value of a structured security or its underlying collateral can rise or fall in inverse proportion to the movement of interest rates. In addition, structured securities are often subject to limited liquidity, market volatility, the credit risk of the issuer or the underlying collateral for the security, changes in credit spreads charged by the market for taking the issuer’s or underlying collateral’s credit risk, early termination events (which can lower the payout at maturity), contractual provisions that may impose maximum gains, participation rights or similar features that limit investment return on the security, and hidden fees and costs embedded in the price of the security, all of which can adversely impact the value of, and result in the loss of principal or interest on, the security at maturity.
GLOBAL ECONOMIC RISKS
National and regional economies and financial markets have become increasingly interconnected, which increases the possibilities that conditions in one country, region or market might adversely impact issuers in a different country, region or market. Changes in legal, political, regulatory, tax and economic conditions may cause fluctuations in markets and securities and commercial real property prices around the world, which could negatively impact the value of the Account’s investments. For example, the United Kingdom’s referendum decision to leave the European Union resulted in the depreciation in value of the British pound, short term declines in the stock markets and ongoing economic and political uncertainty concerning the consequences of the exit. Similar major economic or political disruptions, particularly in large economies like China, may have global negative economic and market repercussions. Additionally, events such as war, terrorism, natural and environmental disasters and the spread of infectious illnesses, pandemics or other public health emergencies may adversely affect the global economy and the securities, local commercial real estate markets and issuers in which the Account invests. Recent examples of such events include the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, resulting in government imposed shutdowns across the globe. These events have reduced and could continue to reduce consumer demand and economic output, result in market closures, travel restrictions or quarantines, and generally have a significant impact on the economy, including the commercial real estate sector. Governmental and quasi-governmental authorities and regulators throughout the world have responded to the current impact of the COVID-19 pandemic with a variety of
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significant fiscal and monetary policy changes, including, but not limited to, direct capital infusions into companies, new monetary programs and lower interest rates. An unexpected or quick reversal of these policies, or the ineffectiveness of these policies, could increase volatility in securities and commercial real estate markets, which could adversely affect the Account’s investments.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST WITHIN TIAA
General. TIAA and its affiliates (including Nuveen Alternatives Advisors, LLC (“NAA”) and Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL”), its wholly owned subsidiaries and registered investment advisers, and Nuveen Real Estate, LLC (“NRE”), its wholly owned subsidiary) have interests in other real estate programs and accounts and also engage in other business activities. As such, they will have conflicts of interest in allocating their time between the Account’s business and these other activities. Also, the Account may be buying properties at the same time as TIAA affiliates that may have similar investment objectives to those of the Account. There is also a risk that TIAA will choose a property that provides lower returns to the Account than a property purchased by TIAA and its affiliates. Further, the Account will likely acquire properties in geographic areas where TIAA and its affiliates own or manage properties. In addition, the Account may desire to sell a property at the same time another TIAA affiliate is selling a property in an overlapping market. Conflicts could also arise because some properties owned or managed by TIAA and its affiliates may compete with the Account’s properties for tenants. Among other things, if one of the TIAA entities attracts a tenant that the Account is competing for, the Account could suffer a loss of revenue due to delays in locating another suitable tenant. TIAA has adopted allocation policies and procedures applicable to the purchasing conflicts scenario, but the resolution of such conflicts may be economically disadvantageous to the Account. As a result of TIAA’s and its affiliates’ obligations to TIAA itself and to other current and potential investment vehicles sponsored by TIAA affiliates with similar objectives to those of the Account, there is no assurance that the Account will be able to take advantage of every attractive investment opportunity that otherwise is in accordance with the Account’s investment objectives.
Liquidity Guarantee. In addition, as discussed elsewhere in this prospectus,report, the TIAA General Account provides a liquidity guarantee to the Account. While an independent fiduciary is responsible under the prohibited transaction exemption issued to the Account in 1996 under PTE 96-76 (as defined below)(“PTE 96-76”) for establishing a “trigger point” (a percentage of TIAA’s ownership of liquidity units beyond which TIAA’s ownership may be reduced at the fiduciary’s direction), there is no express cap on the amount TIAA may be obligated to fund under this guarantee. Further, the Account’s independent fiduciary oversees any redemption of TIAA liquidity units. TIAA’s ownership of liquidity units (including the potential for changes in its levels of ownership in the future) from time to time could result in the perception that TIAA is taking into account its own economic interests while serving as investment manager for the Account. In particular, the value of TIAA’s liquidity units fluctuates in the same manner as the value of accumulation units held by all contract owners. Any perception of a conflict of interest could cause contract owners to transfer accumulations out of the Account to another investment option, which could have an adverse impact on the Account’s ability to act most optimally upon its investment strategy.
RISKS OF SECURITIES LENDING
In lending its securities, the Account bears the market risk with respect to the investment of collateral and the risk the borrower or securities lending agent (the “Agent”) may default on its contractual obligations to the Account. Each Agent bears the risk that the borrower may default on its obligation to return the loaned securities as the Agent is contractually obligated to indemnify the Account if at the time of a default by a borrower some or all of the loaned securities have not been returned. Substitute payments for dividends received by the Account for securities loaned out by the Account will not be considered as qualified dividend income or as eligible for the corporate dividend received deduction.
REQUIRED PROPERTY SALES UNDER THE PTE
If TIAA were to own too large a percentage of the Account’s accumulation units through funding the liquidity guarantee (as determined by the Account’s independent fiduciary), the independent fiduciary could, pursuant to its obligations under the prohibited transaction exemption issued to the Account in 1996 by the U.S. Department of Labor ("PTE 96-76"),96-76, require the Account to sell commercial real properties or other portfolio assets in the Account to reduce TIAA’s ownership interest. Any such required sales could occur at times and at prices that depress the sale proceeds to the Account and result in losses to the Account.
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NO OPPORTUNITY FOR PRIOR REVIEW OF TRANSACTIONS
Investors do not have the opportunity to evaluate the economic or financial merit of the purchase, sale or financing of a property or other investment before the Account completes the transaction, so investors will need to rely solely on TIAA’s judgment and ability to select investments consistent with the Account’s investment objective and policies. Further, the Account may change its investment objective and pursue specific investments in accordance with any such amended investment objective without the consent of the Account’s investors.
RISKS OF REGISTRATION UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
The Account has not registered, and management intends to continue to operate the Account so that it will not have to register, as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). Generally, a company is an “investment company” and required to register under the Investment Company Act if, among other things, it holds itself out as being engaged primarily, or proposes to engage primarily, in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities, or it is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of such company’s total assets (exclusive of government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis.
If in the future the Account wereelected to or was obligated to register as an investment company, the Account would have to comply with a variety of substantive requirements under the Investment Company Act that impose, among other things, limitations on capital structure, restrictions on certain investments, compliance with reporting, record-keeping, voting and proxy disclosure requirements and other rules and regulations that could significantly increase its operating expenses and reduce its operating flexibility. To maintain compliance with the exemptions from the Investment Company Act, the Account may be unable to sell assets it would otherwise want to sell and may be unable to purchase securities it would otherwise want to purchase, which might materially adversely impact the Account’s performance.
CYBERSECURITY AND OTHER BUSINESS CONTINUITY RISKS
With the increased use of connected technologies such as the Internet to conduct business, the Account and its service providers (including, but not limited to, TIAA, Services, the independent fiduciary and the Account’s custodian and financial intermediaries) are susceptible to cybersecurity risks. In general, cybersecurity attacks can result from infection by computer viruses or other malicious software or from deliberate actions or unintentional events, including gaining unauthorized access through “hacking” or other means to digital systems, networks, or devices that are used to service the Account’s operations in order to misappropriate assets or sensitive information, corrupt data, or cause operational disruption. Cybersecurity attacks can also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, including by carrying out a “denial-of-service” attack on the Account or its service providers. In addition, authorized persons could inadvertently or intentionally release and possibly destroy confidential or proprietary information stored on the Account’s systems or the systems of its service providers.
Cybersecurity failures by the Account or any of its service providers, or the issuers of any portfolio securities in which the Account invests (e.g., issuers of REIT stocks or debt securities), have the ability to result in disruptions to and impacts on business operations and may adversely affect the Account and the value of your accumulation units. Such disruptions or impacts may result in: financial losses; interference with the processing of contract transactions, including the processing of orders from TIAA’s website; interfere with the Account’s ability to calculate AUVs; barriers to trading and order processing; Account participants’contract owners’ inability to transact business with the Account; violations of applicable federal and state privacy or other laws; regulatory fines, penalties, reputational damage, reimbursement or other compensation costs; or additional compliance costs. The Account and its service providers may also maintain sensitive information (including relating to personally identifiable information of investors) and a cybersecurity breach may cause such information to be lost, improperly accessed, used or disclosed. The Account may incur additional, incremental costs to prevent and mitigate the risks of cybersecurity attacks or incidents in the future. The Account and its participantscontract owners could be negatively impacted by such cybersecurity attacks or incidents. Although the Account has established business continuity plans and risk-based processes and controls to address such cybersecurity risks, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems in part due to the evolving nature of technology and cybersecurity attack tactics. As a result, it is possible that the Account or the Account’s
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service providers will not be able to adequately identify or prepare for all cybersecurity attacks. In addition, the Account cannot directly control the cybersecurity plans or systems implemented by its service providers.
Other disruptive events, including, but not limited to, natural disasters and public health or pandemic crises (such as the COVID-19 pandemic), may adversely affect the Account’s ability to conduct business. Such adverse effects may include the inability of TIAA’s employees, or the employees of its affiliates and the Account’s service providers, to perform their responsibilities as a result of any such event. Any resulting disruptions to the Account’s business operations can interfere with our processing of contract transactions (including the processing of orders from our website), impact our ability to calculate annuity unit values, or cause other operational issues.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.
Not applicable.
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ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.
THE PROPERTIES—GENERAL
In the table below, participantscontract owners will find general information about each of the Account’s investments as of December 31, 2019.2020. The Account’s investments include both properties that are wholly-ownedwholly owned by the Account and properties owned by the Account’s joint venture investments. Certain investments include a portfolio of properties.
| Property | Location | Ownership Percentage | Rentable Area (Sq. ft.)(1) | Percent Leased | Fair Value(2) (millions) | |||||||||||||||
| OFFICE PROPERTIES | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 1001 Pennsylvania Ave | Washington, D.C. | 100.00% | 763,307 | 88.8% | $ | 806.8 | (3) | |||||||||||||
| 99 High Street | Boston, MA | 100.00% | 730,210 | 92.8% | 540.2 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Lincoln Centre | Dallas, TX | 100.00% | 1,621,293 | 78.2% | 467.7 | |||||||||||||||
| 701 Brickell Avenue | Miami, FL | 100.00% | 685,660 | 89.5% | 421.5 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| 780 Third Avenue | New York, NY | 100.00% | 507,611 | 72.1% | 354.3 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Colorado Center | Santa Monica, CA | 50.00% | 1,128,600 | 93.6% | 346.4 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| 1900 K Street, NW | Washington, D.C. | 100.00% | 346,197 | 96.7% | 338.0 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Four Oaks Place | Houston, TX | 51.00% | 2,342,049 | 83.6% | 336.2 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| Wilshire Rodeo Plaza | Beverly Hills, CA | 100.00% | 255,891 | 82.9% | 311.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Foundry Square II | San Francisco, CA | 50.10% | 520,218 | 96.9% | 307.5 | |||||||||||||||
| 21 Penn Plaza | New York, NY | 100.00% | 380,994 | 79.4% | 302.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Fort Point Creative Exchange Portfolio | Boston, MA | 100.00% | 406,625 | 61.4% | 264.6 | |||||||||||||||
| One Boston Place | Boston, MA | 50.25% | 805,586 | 82.0% | 259.3 | |||||||||||||||
| 409 & 499 Illinois Street | San Francisco, CA | 40.00% | 463,985 | 99.0% | 242.8 | |||||||||||||||
| 225 Binney Street | Cambridge, MA | 70.00% | 305,212 | 100.0% | 233.6 | |||||||||||||||
| 1401 H Street, NW | Washington, D.C. | 100.00% | 359,789 | 86.3% | 217.1 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| 837 Washington Street | New York, NY | 100.00% | 55,497 | 100.0% | 211.0 | |||||||||||||||
| 88 Kearny Street | San Francisco, CA | 100.00% | 228,825 | 79.5% | 199.3 | |||||||||||||||
| 501 Boylston | Boston, MA | 50.10% | 610,075 | 99.3% | 195.1 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| Campus Pointe 1 | San Diego, CA | 45.00% | 449,759 | 99.2% | 177.3 | |||||||||||||||
| Fourth & Madison | Seattle, WA | 51.00% | 845,533 | 96.5% | 172.0 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| Campus Pointe 2 & 3 | San Diego, CA | 45.00% | 305,006 | 100.0% | 154.7 | |||||||||||||||
| 440 Ninth Avenue | New York, NY | 88.52% | 410,815 | 88.8% | 133.1 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| Campus Pointe 6 | San Diego, CA | 45.00% | 314,103 | 95.7% | 130.6 | |||||||||||||||
| Vista Station Office Portfolio | Draper, UT | 100.00% | 400,000 | 100.0% | 116.3 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| 1600 Broadway Street | Denver, CO | 100.00% | 444,595 | 91.9% | 116.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Pacific Plaza | San Diego, CA | 100.00% | 218,164 | 74.5% | 111.0 | |||||||||||||||
| 150 Industrial Road | San Carlos, CA | 98.00% | 229,640 | 100.0% | 101.2 | |||||||||||||||
| Wilton Woods Corporate Campus | Wilton, CT | 100.00% | 531,606 | 76.0% | 100.0 | |||||||||||||||
| 101 Pacific Coast Highway | El Segundo, CA | 100.00% | 200,228 | 90.8% | 94.7 | |||||||||||||||
| 1500 Owens | San Francisco, CA | 49.90% | 158,267 | 100.0% | 89.8 | |||||||||||||||
| The Ellipse at Ballston | Arlington, VA | 100.00% | 197,226 | 76.8% | 79.8 | |||||||||||||||
| The Hub | Long Island City, NY | 95.00% | 345,643 | 17.2% | 79.2 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
Juniper MOB Portfolio(7) | Various | 50.00% | 325,396 | 78.7% | 65.4 | |||||||||||||||
| 9625 Towne Centre Drive | San Diego, CA | 49.90% | 163,648 | 100.0% | 60.6 | |||||||||||||||
| 200 Middlefield Road | Menlo Park, CA | 100.00% | 43,081 | 85.7% | 60.2 | |||||||||||||||
| West Lake North Business Park | Westlake Village, CA | 100.00% | 197,366 | 78.7% | 58.3 | |||||||||||||||
| 101 North Tryon Street | Charlotte, NC | 85.00% | 546,615 | 79.4% | 56.0 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| Camelback Center | Phoenix, AZ | 100.00% | 232,615 | 55.0% | 52.0 | |||||||||||||||
35
| Property | Location | Ownership Percentage | Rentable Area (Sq. ft.)(1) | Percent Leased | Fair Value(2) (millions) | |||
| OFFICE PROPERTIES | ||||||||
| 1001 Pennsylvania Ave | Washington, D.C. | 100.00% | 766,893 | 89.4% | $ | 798.4 | (3) | |
| 99 High Street | Boston, MA | 100.00% | 730,210 | 94.4% | 543.7 | (3) | ||
| Lincoln Centre | Dallas, TX | 100.00% | 1,625,465 | 83.0% | 413.2 | |||
| 701 Brickell Avenue | Miami, FL | 100.00% | 684,708 | 88.4% | 406.6 | (3) | ||
| 780 Third Avenue | New York, NY | 100.00% | 494,423 | 75.9% | 389.1 | (3) | ||
| Colorado Center | Santa Monica, CA | 50.00% | 1,128,600 | 100.0% | 384.5 | (4) | ||
| Four Oaks Place | Houston, TX | 51.00% | 2,343,612 | 84.0% | 352.8 | (4) | ||
| Wilshire Rodeo Plaza | Beverly Hills, CA | 100.00% | 255,891 | 88.6% | 336.4 | |||
| 1900 K Street, NW | Washington, D.C. | 100.00% | 345,781 | 95.8% | 335.4 | (3) | ||
| 21 Penn Plaza | New York, NY | 100.00% | 379,960 | 92.2% | 334.9 | |||
| Property | Location | Ownership Percentage | Rentable Area (Sq. ft.)(1) | Percent Leased | Fair Value(2) (millions) | |||||||||||||||
| 8270 Greensboro Drive | McLean, VA | 100.00% | 158,341 | 71.1% | $ | 46.0 | ||||||||||||||
| Campus Pointe 5 | San Diego, CA | 45.00% | 269,048 | 100.0% | 45.0 | |||||||||||||||
| 3131 McKinney | Dallas, TX | 100.00% | 146,467 | 60.5% | 39.3 | |||||||||||||||
| 30700 Russell Ranch | Westlake Village, CA | 100.00% | 136,262 | 97.7% | 36.5 | |||||||||||||||
| 817 Broadway | New York, NY | 61.46% | 139,312 | 21.8% | 26.0 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| Campus Pointe 4 | San Diego, CA | 45.00% | 44,034 | 100.0% | 11.2 | |||||||||||||||
| Subtotal—Office Properties | 85.2% | $ | 8,567.5 | |||||||||||||||||
| INDUSTRIAL PROPERTIES | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Ontario Industrial Portfolio | Various, U.S.A. | 100.00% | 3,361,602 | 73.6% | $ | 540.4 | ||||||||||||||
| Dallas Industrial Portfolio | Dallas and Coppell, TX | 100.00% | 3,684,941 | 100.0% | 258.3 | |||||||||||||||
| Great West Industrial Portfolio | Rancho Cucamonga and Fontana, CA | 100.00% | 1,358,925 | 100.0% | 215.1 | |||||||||||||||
| Cerritos Industrial Park | Cerritos, CA | 100.00% | 934,213 | 97.6% | 171.8 | |||||||||||||||
| Rainier Corporate Park | Fife, WA | 100.00% | 1,104,071 | 97.5% | 169.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Southern CA RA Industrial Portfolio | Los Angeles, CA | 100.00% | 920,078 | 86.4% | 160.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Pinto Business Park | Houston, TX | 100.00% | 1,641,141 | 80.9% | 153.8 | |||||||||||||||
| South River Road Industrial | Cranbury, NJ | 100.00% | 858,957 | 100.0% | 138.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Regal Logistics Campus | Seattle, WA | 100.00% | 968,535 | 100.0% | 132.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Seneca Industrial Park | Pembroke Park, FL | 100.00% | 882,182 | 98.4% | 128.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Oakmont IE West Portfolio | Fontana, CA | 100.00% | 709,941 | 100.0% | 123.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Northern CA RA Industrial Portfolio | Oakland, CA | 100.00% | 625,442 | 87.1% | 117.2 | |||||||||||||||
| Shawnee Ridge Industrial Portfolio | Atlanta, GA | 100.00% | 1,422,922 | 100.0% | 104.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Frontera Industrial Business Park | San Diego, CA | 100.00% | 691,407 | 87.3% | 101.2 | |||||||||||||||
| Rancho Cucamonga Industrial Portfolio | Rancho Cucamonga, CA | 100.00% | 573,000 | 100.0% | 95.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Chicago Caleast Industrial Portfolio | Chicago, IL | 100.00% | 1,145,152 | 100.0% | 85.3 | |||||||||||||||
| Weston Business Center | Weston, FL | 100.00% | 455,268 | 100.0% | 81.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Ontario Mills Industrial Portfolio | Ontario, CA | 100.00% | 435,733 | 100.0% | 79.2 | |||||||||||||||
| Northwest Houston Industrial Portfolio | Houston, TX | 100.00% | 1,010,957 | 68.3% | 75.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Pinnacle Industrial Portfolio | Grapevine, TX | 100.00% | 899,200 | 80.2% | 75.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Stevenson Point | Newark, CA | 100.00% | 312,885 | 100.0% | 75.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Broward Industrial Portfolio | Various, FL | 100.00% | 355,088 | 100.0% | 68.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Pacific Corporate Park | Fife, WA | 100.00% | 388,783 | 86.7% | 66.8 | |||||||||||||||
| Centre Pointe and Valley View | Los Angeles County, CA | 100.00% | 307,685 | 97.7% | 62.1 | |||||||||||||||
| 200 Milik Street | Carteret, NJ | 100.00% | 232,134 | 100.0% | 59.1 | |||||||||||||||
| Landover Logistics | Landover, MD | 100.00% | 360,550 | 46.4% | 54.3 | |||||||||||||||
| Midway 840 | Mount Juliet, TN | 100.00% | 670,680 | 56.5% | 50.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Northwest RA Industrial Portfolio | Seattle, WA | 100.00% | 312,321 | 100.0% | 49.6 | |||||||||||||||
| Northeast RA Industrial Portfolio | Boston, MA | 100.00% | 384,126 | 100.0% | 44.2 | |||||||||||||||
| Atlanta Industrial Portfolio | Lawrenceville, GA | 100.00% | 495,440 | 100.0% | 41.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Otay Mesa Industrial Portfolio | San Diego, CA | 100.00% | 265,712 | 100.0% | 40.2 | |||||||||||||||
| One Beeman Road | Northborough, MA | 100.00% | 342,900 | 100.0% | 36.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Chicago Industrial Portfolio | Chicago, IL | 100.00% | 334,824 | 100.0% | 33.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Riverside 202 Industrial | Phoenix, AZ | 100.00% | 319,860 | 100.0% | 30.4 | |||||||||||||||
| 10 New Maple | Pine Brook, NJ | 100.00% | 266,338 | 83.0% | 21.0 | |||||||||||||||
36
| Property | Location | Ownership Percentage | Rentable Area (Sq. ft.)(1) | Percent Leased | Fair Value(2) (millions) | |||
| Foundry Square II | San Francisco, CA | 50.10% | 515,370 | 100.0% | $ | 318.4 | ||
| Fort Point Creative Exchange Portfolio | Boston, MA | 100.00% | 406,857 | 88.5% | 275.0 | |||
| One Boston Place | Boston, MA | 50.25% | 805,589 | 84.2% | 246.8 | |||
| 409 & 499 Illinois Street | San Francisco, CA | 40.00% | 463,985 | 99.0% | 237.5 | |||
| 837 Washington Street | New York, NY | 100.00% | 55,497 | 100.0% | 232.0 | |||
| 225 Binney Street | Cambridge, MA | 70.00% | 305,212 | 100.0% | 231.5 | |||
| 88 Kearny Street | San Francisco, CA | 100.00% | 228,866 | 96.1% | 221.0 | |||
| 1401 H Street, NW | Washington, D.C. | 100.00% | 356,182 | 84.3% | 211.4 | (3) | ||
| 501 Boylston | Boston, MA | 50.10% | 610,075 | 99.3% | 206.9 | (4) | ||
| Fourth and Madison | Seattle, WA | 51.00% | 845,533 | 97.0% | 167.3 | (4) | ||
| Campus Pointe 1 | San Diego, CA | 45.00% | 449,759 | 91.7% | 163.5 | |||
| Campus Pointe 2 & 3 | San Diego, CA | 45.00% | 305,006 | 100.0% | 143.6 | |||
| 440 Ninth Avenue | New York, NY | 88.52% | 410,815 | 88.8% | 133.1 | (4) | ||
| Campus Pointe 6 | San Diego, CA | 45.00% | 314,103 | 100.0% | 116.6 | |||
| 1600 Broadway Street | Denver, CO | 100.00% | 441,391 | 88.9% | 116.0 | |||
| Vista Station Office Portfolio | Draper, UT | 100.00% | 400,000 | 100.0% | 115.4 | (3) | ||
| Pacific Plaza | San Diego, CA | 100.00% | 218,164 | 69.8% | 112.7 | |||
| Wilton Woods Corporate Campus | Wilton, CT | 100.00% | 531,606 | 77.3% | 112.1 | |||
| 150 Industrial Road | San Carlos, CA | 98.00% | 229,640 | 100.0% | 98.0 | |||
| 101 Pacific Coast Highway | El Segundo, CA | 100.00% | 24,402 | 87.7% | 96.1 | |||
| The Ellipse at Ballston | Arlington, VA | 100.00% | 197,226 | 80.9% | 82.2 | |||
| 1500 Owens | San Francisco, CA | 49.90% | 158,267 | 100.0% | 81.5 | |||
| The Hub | Long Island City, NY | 95.00% | 304,821 | 33.7% | 74.8 | (4) | ||
| 200 Middlefield Road | Menlo Park, CA | 100.00% | 41,933 | 87.9% | 68.0 | |||
| West Lake North Business Park | Westlake Village, CA | 100.00% | 197,366 | 96.8% | 62.3 | |||
| 9625 Towne Centre Drive | San Diego, CA | 49.90% | 163,648 | 100.0% | 53.1 | |||
| 8270 Greensboro Drive | McLean, VA | 100.00% | 158,341 | 71.8% | 49.6 | |||
| Camelback Center | Phoenix, AZ | 100.00% | 232,615 | 60.2% | 49.0 | |||
| 101 North Tryon Street | Charlotte, NC | 85.00% | 523,600 | 83.5% | 47.9 | (4) | ||
| 3131 McKinney | Dallas, TX | 100.00% | 146,551 | 70.8% | 46.4 | |||
| 30700 Russell Ranch | Westlake Village, CA | 100.00% | 136,262 | 97.5% | 39.0 | |||
| Campus Pointe 5 | San Diego, CA | 45.00% | 269,048 | 100.0% | 37.4 | |||
| 817 Broadway | New York, NY | 61.46% | 139,312 | 23.5% | 33.7 | (4) | ||
| Campus Pointe 4 | San Diego, CA | 45.00% | 44,034 | 35.0% | 9.6 | |||
| Subtotal—Office Properties | 88.1% | $ | 8,584.4 | |||||
| INDUSTRIAL PROPERTIES | ||||||||
| Ontario Industrial Portfolio | Various, CA | 100.00% | 3,361,599 | 100.0% | $ | 506.9 | ||
| Dallas Industrial Portfolio | Dallas and Coppell, TX | 100.00% | 3,684,941 | 94.2% | 237.9 | |||
| Great West Industrial Portfolio | Rancho Cucamonga and Fontana, CA | 100.00% | 1,358,925 | 100.0% | 203.0 | |||
| Cerritos Industrial Park | Cerritos, CA | 100.00% | 934,213 | 100.0% | 164.0 | |||
| Rainier Corporate Park | Fife, WA | 100.00% | 1,104,399 | 97.3% | 161.3 | |||
| Pinto Business Park | Houston, TX | 100.00% | 1,641,141 | 82.8% | 154.1 | |||
| Southern CA RA Industrial Portfolio | Los Angeles, CA | 100.00% | 920,078 | 89.9% | 151.8 | |||
| Colony Industrial Portfolio | Various, U.S.A. | 100.00% | 2,237,856 | 97.7% | 135.9 | |||
| South River Road Industrial | Cranbury, NJ | 100.00% | 858,957 | 100.0% | 133.5 | |||
| Seneca Industrial Park | Pembroke Park, FL | 100.00% | 882,182 | 99.9% | 126.7 | |||
| Property | Location | Ownership Percentage | Rentable Area (Sq. ft.)(1) | Percent Leased | Fair Value(2) (millions) | |||||||||||||||
| Park 10 Distribution | Houston, TX | 100.00% | 152,638 | 91.2% | $ | 12.0 | ||||||||||||||
| Chisolm Trail | Houston, TX | 100.00% | 86,904 | 85.9% | 5.2 | |||||||||||||||
| Subtotal—Industrial Properties | 90.9% | $ | 3,758.1 | |||||||||||||||||
| RETAIL PROPERTIES | ||||||||||||||||||||
| The Florida Mall | Orlando, FL | 50.00% | 1,734,626 | 89.5% | $ | 655.8 | (4) | |||||||||||||
| Fashion Show | Las Vegas, NV | 50.00% | 1,901,477 | 94.6% | 568.7 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| The Forum at Carlsbad | Carlsbad, CA | 100.00% | 264,915 | 97.0% | 203.0 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Pacific City | Huntington Beach, CA | 100.00% | 189,951 | 77.6% | 158.0 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Florida Retail Portfolio | Various, FL | 80.00% | 450,822 | 98.2% | 155.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Westwood Marketplace | Los Angeles, CA | 100.00% | 202,202 | 100.0% | 150.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Village Crossing | Skokie, IL | 100.00% | 722,457 | 95.4% | 136.1 | |||||||||||||||
| Bridgepointe Shopping Center | San Mateo, CA | 100.00% | 231,519 | 66.7% | 124.1 | |||||||||||||||
| West Town Mall | Knoxville, TN | 50.00% | 1,339,417 | 94.0% | 122.9 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| 350 Washington | Boston, MA | 100.00% | 147,273 | 92.5% | 121.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Miami International Mall | Miami, FL | 50.00% | 1,084,218 | 95.2% | 110.0 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| Birkdale Village | Huntersville, NC | 93.00% | 334,892 | 91.7% | 109.0 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| Plaza America | Reston, VA | 100.00% | 164,232 | 82.0% | 103.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Fayette Pavilion | Fayetteville, GA | 100.00% | 1,521,852 | 90.5% | 101.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Marketfair | West Windsor, NJ | 100.00% | 243,356 | 96.7% | 98.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Charleston Plaza | Mountain View, CA | 100.00% | 132,590 | 100.0% | 95.3 | |||||||||||||||
| Valencia Town Center | Valencia, CA | 50.00% | 979,809 | 93.4% | 93.0 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| The Shops at Wisconsin Place | Chevy Chase, MD | 100.00% | 117,202 | 79.3% | 89.3 | (5) | ||||||||||||||
| Marketplace at Mill Creek | Buford, GA | 100.00% | 401,896 | 99.2% | 76.4 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Publix at Weston Commons | Weston, FL | 100.00% | 126,922 | 93.6% | 69.6 | |||||||||||||||
| South Denver Marketplace | Denver, CO | 100.00% | 261,135 | 100.0% | 65.1 | |||||||||||||||
| Overlook At King Of Prussia | King of Prussia, PA | 100.00% | 193,068 | 94.5% | 55.6 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Pavilion at Turkey Creek | Knoxville, TN | 100.00% | 452,771 | 96.2% | 51.1 | |||||||||||||||
| 32 South State Street | Chicago, IL | 100.00% | 96,354 | 100.0% | 48.5 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Southside at McEwen | Franklin, TN | 100.00% | 92,470 | 94.9% | 48.2 | |||||||||||||||
| Creeks at Virginia Center | Glen Allen, VA | 100.00% | 265,973 | 92.5% | 47.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Columbiana Station | Columbia, SC | 100.00% | 435,592 | 91.9% | 47.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Winslow Bay Commons | Mooresville, NC | 100.00% | 441,773 | 99.7% | 46.9 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Heritage Pavilion | Smyrna, GA | 100.00% | 255,971 | 92.7% | 40.6 | |||||||||||||||
| Newnan Pavilion | Newnan, GA | 100.00% | 466,503 | 96.5% | 40.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Alexander Place | Raleigh, NC | 100.00% | 198,175 | 89.5% | 39.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Riverchase Village | Hoover, AL | 100.00% | 175,673 | 94.4% | 36.1 | |||||||||||||||
| Cypress Trace | Fort Myers, FL | 100.00% | 279,171 | 98.2% | 35.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Woodstock Square | Woodstock, GA | 100.00% | 392,859 | 99.7% | 32.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Town and Country | Knoxville, TN | 100.00% | 650,229 | 87.0% | 30.7 | |||||||||||||||
| River Ridge | Birmingham, AL | 100.00% | 349,734 | 98.2% | 29.0 | |||||||||||||||
| 401 West 14th Street | New York, NY | 42.19% | 62,200 | 92.1% | 27.1 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| Market Square | Fort Myers, FL | 100.00% | 118,945 | 89.6% | 20.1 | |||||||||||||||
| Shoppes at Lake Mary | Lake Mary, FL | 100.00% | 74,234 | 93.9% | 19.6 | |||||||||||||||
| Warwick Shopping Center | Warwick, RI | 100.00% | 159,958 | 85.3% | 17.8 | |||||||||||||||
37
| Property | Location | Ownership Percentage | Rentable Area (Sq. ft.)(1) | Percent Leased | Fair Value(2) (millions) | |||
| Regal Logistics Campus | Seattle, WA | 100.00% | 968,535 | 100.0% | $ | 121.0 | ||
| Northern CA RA Industrial Portfolio | Oakland, CA | 100.00% | 625,447 | 80.9% | 111.9 | |||
| Oakmont IE West Portfolio | Fontana, CA | 100.00% | 709,941 | 100.0% | 109.2 | |||
| Shawnee Ridge Industrial Portfolio | Atlanta, GA | 100.00% | 1,422,922 | 98.4% | 99.9 | |||
| Frontera Industrial Business Park | San Diego, CA | 100.00% | 691,407 | 98.7% | 90.0 | |||
| Rancho Cucamonga Industrial Portfolio | Rancho Cucamonga, CA | 100.00% | 573,000 | 100.0% | 88.3 | |||
| Chicago Caleast Industrial Portfolio | Chicago, IL | 100.00% | 1,145,152 | 96.1% | 85.6 | |||
| Northwest Houston Industrial Portfolio | Houston, TX | 100.00% | 1,010,912 | 81.1% | 77.2 | |||
| Weston Business Center | Weston, FL | 100.00% | 455,268 | 100.0% | 75.0 | |||
| Broward Industrial Portfolio | Various, FL | 100.00% | 355,088 | 97.5% | 67.7 | |||
| Pinnacle Industrial Portfolio | Grapevine, TX | 100.00% | 899,200 | 80.2% | 66.7 | |||
| Stevenson Point | Newark, CA | 100.00% | 312,885 | 100.0% | 66.6 | |||
| Ontario Mills Industrial Portfolio | Ontario, CA | 100.00% | 435,733 | 100.0% | 65.4 | |||
| Pacific Corporate Park | Fife, WA | 100.00% | 388,783 | 86.7% | 62.5 | |||
| Centre Pointe and Valley View | Los Angeles County, CA | 100.00% | 307,685 | 94.4% | 60.7 | |||
| 200 Milik Street | Carteret, NJ | 100.00% | 232,134 | 100.0% | 56.4 | |||
| Northwest RA Industrial Portfolio | Seattle, WA | 100.00% | 312,321 | 100.0% | 49.7 | |||
| Landover Logistics | Landover, MD | 100.00% | 360,550 | 100.0% | 44.7 | |||
| Northeast RA Industrial Portfolio | Boston, MA | 100.00% | 384,126 | 100.0% | 43.5 | |||
| Atlanta Industrial Portfolio | Lawrenceville, GA | 100.00% | 495,440 | 100.0% | 41.0 | |||
| One Beeman Road | Northborough, MA | 100.00% | 342,900 | 100.0% | 34.6 | |||
| Otay Mesa Industrial Portfolio | San Diego, CA | 100.00% | 264,679 | 57.8% | 33.7 | |||
| Beltway North Commerce Center | Houston, TX | 100.00% | 352,680 | 100.0% | 30.2 | |||
| Chicago Industrial Portfolio | Chicago, IL | 100.00% | 334,824 | 100.0% | 30.1 | |||
| Riverside 202 Industrial | Phoenix, AZ | 100.00% | 319,860 | 100.0% | 29.6 | |||
| 10 New Maple | Pine Brook, NJ | 100.00% | 266,338 | 95.0% | 21.9 | |||
| Park 10 Distribution | Houston, TX | 100.00% | 152,638 | 79.4% | 11.1 | |||
| Subtotal—Industrial Properties | 95.3% | $ | 3,649.3 | |||||
| RETAIL PROPERTIES | ||||||||
| SITE Centers Joint Venture | Various, U.S.A. | 85.00% | 7,077,947 | 92.8% | $ | 878.0 | (4) | |
| The Florida Mall | Orlando, FL | 50.00% | 1,108,432 | 92.4% | 748.3 | (4) | ||
| Fashion Show | Las Vegas, NV | 50.00% | 1,901,982 | 96.6% | 706.9 | (4) | ||
| The Forum at Carlsbad | Carlsbad, CA | 100.00% | 264,915 | 98.4% | 224.0 | (3) | ||
| Florida Retail Portfolio | Various, FL | 80.00% | 437,905 | 99.5% | 158.4 | |||
| Miami International Mall | Miami, FL | 50.00% | 305,692 | 96.8% | 157.5 | (4) | ||
| Westwood Marketplace | Los Angeles, CA | 100.00% | 202,202 | 100.0% | 150.0 | |||
| West Town Mall | Knoxville, TN | 50.00% | 950,452 | 93.4% | 144.0 | (4) | ||
| Valencia Town Center | Valencia, CA | 50.00% | 942,423 | 95.3% | 136.4 | (4) | ||
| 350 Washington | Boston, MA | 100.00% | 147,273 | 92.5% | 134.0 | |||
| Bridgepointe Shopping Center | San Mateo, CA | 100.00% | 231,519 | 74.7% | 129.0 | |||
| Plaza America | Reston, VA | 100.00% | 164,232 | 81.5% | 113.3 | |||
| Marketfair | West Windsor, NJ | 100.00% | 243,354 | 93.9% | 106.2 | |||
| Charleston Plaza | Mountain View, CA | 100.00% | 132,590 | 100.0% | 100.0 | |||
| The Shops at Wisconsin Place | Chevy Chase, MD | 100.00% | 117,202 | 95.7% | 95.6 | (5) | ||
| Publix at Weston Commons | Weston, FL | 100.00% | 126,922 | 94.7% | 74.5 | |||
| South Denver Marketplace | Denver, CO | 100.00% | 261,135 | 100.0% | 71.2 | |||
| Pacific City | Huntington Beach, CA | 70.00% | 189,951 | 85.8% | 62.2 | (4) | ||
| Property | Location | Ownership Percentage | Rentable Area (Sq. ft.)(1) | Percent Leased | Fair Value(2) (millions) | |||||||||||||||
| 1619 Walnut Street | Philadelphia, PA | 100.00% | 34,047 | 100.0% | $ | 16.7 | ||||||||||||||
| Eisenhower Crossing | Macon, GA | 100.00% | 591,832 | 76.8% | 12.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Bellevue Place | Nashville, TN | 100.00% | 77,099 | 95.9% | 8.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Subtotal—Retail Properties | 92.7% | $ | 4,157.2 | |||||||||||||||||
| OTHER PROPERTIES | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Storage Portfolio II | Various, U.S.A. | 90.00% | 2,674,252 | 96.9% | $ | 131.7 | (4) | |||||||||||||
| Storage Portfolio I | Various, U.S.A. | 66.02% | 1,683,881 | 96.7% | 93.6 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| Lincoln Centre - Hilton Dallas | Dallas, TX | 100.00% | 384,791 | 20.2% | 63.6 | |||||||||||||||
| Storage Portfolio III | Various, U.S.A. | 90.00% | 355,825 | 94.1% | 53.3 | |||||||||||||||
| I-35 Logistics Center | Fort Worth, TX | 95.00% | N/A | N/A | 33.1 | (6) | ||||||||||||||
| Fairfield Tolenas Development | Fairfield, CA | 95.00% | N/A | N/A | 26.6 | (6) | ||||||||||||||
| Almond Avenue | Fontana, CA | 100.00% | N/A | N/A | 13.4 | (6) | ||||||||||||||
| Subtotal—Other Properties | 90.8% | $ | 415.3 | |||||||||||||||||
| Subtotal—Commercial Properties | 89.8% | $ | 16,898.1 | |||||||||||||||||
| RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Simpson Housing Portfolio | Various, U.S.A. | 80.00% | N/A | 92.3% | $ | 427.6 | (4) | |||||||||||||
| Palomino Park | Highlands Ranch, CO | 100.00% | N/A | 94.7% | 352.1 | |||||||||||||||
| The Colorado | New York, NY | 100.00% | N/A | 89.7% | 243.1 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| THP Student Housing Portfolio | Various, U.S.A. | 97.00% | N/A | 90.7% | 188.6 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| Stella | Marina Del Rey, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 91.4% | 161.0 | |||||||||||||||
| The Louis at 14th | Washington, D.C. | 100.00% | N/A | 91.8% | 160.1 | |||||||||||||||
| Mass Court | Washington, D.C. | 100.00% | N/A | 88.9% | 160.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Houston Apartment Portfolio | Houston, TX | 100.00% | N/A | 89.2% | 157.3 | |||||||||||||||
| Holly Street Village | Pasadena, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 92.8% | 153.1 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| The Legacy at Westwood | Los Angeles, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 86.1% | 149.1 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| BLVD63 | San Diego, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 81.5% | 145.1 | |||||||||||||||
| Larkspur Courts | Larkspur, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 88.7% | 141.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Terra House | San Jose, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 88.2% | 140.2 | |||||||||||||||
| The Manor at Flagler Village | Fort Lauderdale, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 87.7% | 131.2 | |||||||||||||||
| The Palatine | Arlington, VA | 100.00% | N/A | 92.7% | 125.0 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Union - South Lake Union | Seattle, WA | 100.00% | N/A | 87.3% | 111.0 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Ashford Meadows Apartments | Herndon, VA | 100.00% | N/A | 95.9% | 107.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Henley at Kingstowne | Alexandria, VA | 100.00% | N/A | 90.2% | 107.4 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Regents Court | San Diego, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 91.6% | 103.0 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Sole at Brandon | Riverview, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 91.8% | 100.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Casa Palma | Coconut Creek, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 92.9% | 98.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Circa Green Lake | Seattle, WA | 100.00% | N/A | 92.5% | 96.0 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Rancho Del Mar | San Clemente, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 90.4% | 93.5 | |||||||||||||||
| 803 Corday | Naperville, IL | 100.00% | N/A | 94.3% | 92.6 | |||||||||||||||
| MiMA | New York, NY | 70.00% | N/A | 99.8% | 92.2 | (4) | ||||||||||||||
| Oceano at Warner Center | Woodland Hills, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 93.9% | 90.1 | |||||||||||||||
| Creekside Alta Loma | Rancho Cucamonga, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 93.8% | 85.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Greene Crossing | Columbia, SC | 100.00% | N/A | 100.0% | 81.3 | |||||||||||||||
| Sole at Brandon | Riverview, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 91.0% | 78.0 | |||||||||||||||
38
| Property | Location | Ownership Percentage | Rentable Area (Sq. ft.)(1) | Percent Leased | Fair Value(2) (millions) | |||
| 32 South State Street | Chicago, IL | 100.00% | 96,354 | 100.0% | $ | 51.4 | (3) | |
| Southside at McEwen | Franklin, TN | 100.00% | 92,470 | 94.6% | 49.2 | |||
| 401 West 14th Street | New York, NY | 42.19% | 62,200 | 92.1% | 44.8 | (4) | ||
| Riverchase Village | Hoover, AL | 100.00% | 175,673 | 94.4% | 40.3 | |||
| 1619 Walnut Street | Philadelphia, PA | 100.00% | 34,047 | 100.0% | 23.0 | |||
| Subtotal—Retail Properties | 93.9% | $ | 4,398.2 | |||||
| OTHER PROPERTIES | ||||||||
| Storage Portfolio II | Various, U.S.A. | 90.00% | 2,674,316 | 93.7% | $ | 130.5 | (4) | |
| Storage Portfolio I | Various, U.S.A. | 66.02% | 1,683,513 | 92.9% | 93.6 | (4) | ||
| Lincoln Centre - Hilton Dallas | Dallas, TX | 100.00% | 384,791 | 66.9% | 76.5 | |||
| Storage Portfolio III | Various, U.S.A. | 90.00% | 88,205 | 91.2% | 37.3 | |||
| Almond Avenue | Fontana, CA | 100.00% | N/A | N/A | 9.5 | (6) | ||
| I-35 Logistics Center | Fort Worth, TX | 95.00% | N/A | N/A | 6.9 | (6) | ||
| Subtotal—Other Properties | 91.2% | $ | 354.3 | |||||
| Subtotal—Commercial Properties | 92.7% | $ | 16,986.2 | |||||
| RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES | ||||||||
| Simpson Housing Portfolio | Various, U.S.A. | 80.00% | N/A | 94.0% | $ | 431.2 | (4) | |
| Palomino Park | Highlands Ranch, CO | 100.00% | N/A | 92.1% | 361.0 | (3) | ||
| The Colorado | New York, NY | 100.00% | N/A | 97.7% | 259.0 | (3) | ||
| THP Student Housing Portfolio | Various, U.S.A. | 97.00% | N/A | 95.1% | 186.8 | (4) | ||
| The Woodley | Washington, D.C. | 100.00% | N/A | 94.3% | 180.3 | |||
| Stella | Marina Del Rey, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 91.4% | 175.1 | |||
| Mass Court | Washington, D.C. | 100.00% | N/A | 91.6% | 168.9 | |||
| The Louis at 14th | Washington, D.C. | 100.00% | N/A | 95.1% | 164.2 | |||
| Houston Apartment Portfolio | Houston, TX | 100.00% | N/A | 88.8% | 162.3 | |||
| Holly Street Village | Pasadena, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 95.2% | 158.1 | (3) | ||
| BLVD63 | San Diego, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 89.0% | 158.0 | |||
| Larkspur Courts | Larkspur, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 91.1% | 155.0 | |||
| The Legacy at Westwood | Los Angeles, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 92.5% | 149.1 | (3) | ||
| Terra House | San Jose, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 89.9% | 146.0 | |||
| 250 North 10th Street | Brooklyn, NY | 100.00% | N/A | 95.3% | 138.1 | |||
| The Manor at Flagler Village | Fort Lauderdale, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 89.5% | 138.1 | |||
| The Palatine | Arlington, VA | 100.00% | N/A | 93.1% | 128.0 | (3) | ||
| Union - South Lake Union | Seattle, WA | 100.00% | N/A | 97.9% | 115.0 | (3) | ||
| MiMA | New York, NY | 70.00% | N/A | 99.8% | 113.0 | (4) | ||
| Ashford Meadows Apartments | Herndon, VA | 100.00% | N/A | 92.5% | 105.3 | (3) | ||
| Regents Court | San Diego, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 91.6% | 105.0 | (3) | ||
| Henley at Kingstowne | Alexandria, VA | 100.00% | N/A | 92.5% | 103.0 | (3) | ||
| Casa Palma | Coconut Creek, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 91.4% | 102.0 | |||
| Circa Green Lake | Seattle, WA | 100.00% | N/A | 92.0% | 102.0 | (3) | ||
| Rancho Del Mar | San Clemente, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 92.0% | 94.7 | |||
| Oceano at Warner Center | Woodland Hills, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 91.4% | 94.4 | |||
| 803 Corday | Naperville, IL | 100.00% | N/A | 93.0% | 93.8 | |||
| Creekside Alta Loma | Rancho Cucamonga, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 92.8% | 85.2 | |||
| Fusion 1560 | St. Petersburg, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 89.2% | 84.1 | (3) | ||
| Property | Location | Ownership Percentage | Rentable Area (Sq. ft.)(1) | Percent Leased | Fair Value(2) (millions) | |||||||||||||||
| Centric Gateway | Charlotte, NC | 100.00% | N/A | 85.2% | $ | 74.0 | ||||||||||||||
| Fusion 1560 | St. Petersburg, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 96.0% | 72.7 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Biltmore at Midtown | Atlanta, GA | 100.00% | N/A | 86.2% | 72.6 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| The District at La Frontera | Austin, TX | 100.00% | N/A | 92.0% | 72.4 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Churchill on the Park | Dallas, TX | 100.00% | N/A | 90.2% | 72.3 | |||||||||||||||
| Ascent at Windward | Alpharetta, GA | 100.00% | N/A | 94.2% | 72.3 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| The Residences at the Village of Merrick Park | Coral Gables, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 90.8% | 69.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Prescott Wallingford Apartments | Seattle, WA | 100.00% | N/A | 89.0% | 67.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Carrington Park | Plano, TX | 100.00% | N/A | 93.4% | 66.7 | |||||||||||||||
| The Bridges | Minneapolis, MN | 100.00% | N/A | 96.9% | 66.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Lofts at SoDo | Orlando, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 94.2% | 65.3 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Boca Arbor Club | Boca Raton, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 95.4% | 63.9 | |||||||||||||||
| 5 West | Tampa, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 94.0% | 63.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Allure at Camarillo | Camarillo, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 97.6% | 62.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Glen Lake | Atlanta, GA | 100.00% | N/A | 93.0% | 59.0 | |||||||||||||||
| The Maroneal | Houston, TX | 100.00% | N/A | 87.4% | 58.8 | |||||||||||||||
| Cherry Knoll | Germantown, MD | 100.00% | N/A | 93.7% | 57.8 | (3) | ||||||||||||||
| Westcreek | Westlake Village, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 95.2% | 55.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Orion on Orpington | Orlando, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 96.8% | 51.6 | |||||||||||||||
| Lakepointe at Jacaranda | Plantation, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 95.9% | 48.7 | |||||||||||||||
| The Manor Apartments | Plantation, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 91.9% | 47.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Cliffs at Barton Creek | Austin, TX | 100.00% | N/A | 87.1% | 45.6 | |||||||||||||||
| Park Creek | Fort Worth, TX | 100.00% | N/A | 93.7% | 43.1 | |||||||||||||||
| The Cordelia | Portland, OR | 100.00% | N/A | 91.9% | 40.8 | |||||||||||||||
| The Knoll | Minneapolis, MN | 100.00% | N/A | 96.0% | 37.2 | |||||||||||||||
| The Ashton | Washington, D.C. | 100.00% | N/A | 85.7% | 30.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Subtotal—Residential Properties | 91.6% | $ | 5,707.5 | |||||||||||||||||
| Total—All Properties | 90.2% | $ | 22,605.6 | |||||||||||||||||
(1)The square footage is an approximate measure and is subject to periodic remeasurement.
(2)Wholly owned properties are represented at fair value and gross of any debt, while joint venture properties are represented at the net equity value.
(3)Property is subject to a mortgage. The fair value shown represents the Account's interest gross of debt.
(4)The fair value reflects the Account's interest in the joint venture and is net of debt.
(5)Fair value shown reflects a retail property wholly-owned by the Account, as well as the Account's 33.33% interest in a joint venture investment.
(6)Investment represents land currently under development.
(7)Medical Office Building ("MOB").
39
| Property | Location | Ownership Percentage | Rentable Area (Sq. ft.)(1) | Percent Leased | Fair Value(2) (millions) | |||
| Greene Crossing | Columbia, SC | 100.00% | N/A | 99.9% | $ | 79.7 | ||
| Sole at Brandon | Riverview, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 93.2% | 79.0 | |||
| The District at La Frontera | Austin, TX | 100.00% | N/A | 92.0% | 76.6 | (3) | ||
| Centric Gateway | Charlotte, NC | 100.00% | N/A | 85.2% | 75.0 | |||
| Biltmore at Midtown | Atlanta, GA | 100.00% | N/A | 87.0% | 73.5 | (3) | ||
| Churchill on the Park | Dallas, TX | 100.00% | N/A | 90.4% | 73.0 | |||
| The Residences at the Village of Merrick Park | Coral Gables, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 94.2% | 72.3 | |||
| Prescott Wallingford Apartments | Seattle, WA | 100.00% | N/A | 92.9% | 70.6 | |||
| Ascent at Windward | Alpharetta, GA | 100.00% | N/A | 87.8% | 68.4 | (3) | ||
| Carrington Park | Plano, TX | 100.00% | N/A | 90.1% | 67.3 | |||
| The Bridges | Minneapolis, MN | 100.00% | N/A | 95.5% | 67.2 | |||
| Lofts at SoDo | Orlando, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 92.5% | 64.7 | (3) | ||
| Allure at Camarillo | Camarillo, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 92.1% | 63.9 | |||
| Boca Arbor Club | Boca Raton, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 94.4% | 62.9 | |||
| 5 West | Tampa, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 88.1% | 62.3 | |||
| Cherry Knoll | Germantown, MD | 100.00% | N/A | 91.0% | 60.1 | (3) | ||
| Westcreek | Westlake Village, CA | 100.00% | N/A | 87.3% | 57.1 | |||
| The Maroneal | Houston, TX | 100.00% | N/A | 87.1% | 56.4 | |||
| Glen Lake | Atlanta, GA | 100.00% | N/A | 92.2% | 55.3 | |||
| Orion on Orpington | Orlando, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 99.2% | 52.4 | |||
| The Manor Apartments | Plantation, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 93.9% | 51.5 | |||
| Lakepointe at Jacaranda | Plantation, FL | 100.00% | N/A | 95.1% | 48.8 | |||
| Cliffs at Barton Creek | Austin, TX | 100.00% | N/A | 88.6% | 47.2 | |||
| The Cordelia | Portland, OR | 100.00% | N/A | 89.6% | 43.2 | |||
| The Knoll | Minneapolis, MN | 100.00% | N/A | 95.1% | 37.3 | (3) | ||
| The Ashton | Washington, D.C. | 100.00% | N/A | 87.8% | 30.6 | |||
| Subtotal—Residential Properties | 93.0% | $ | 6,053.0 | |||||
| Total—All Properties | 92.8% | $ | 23,039.2 | |||||
Commercial (Non-Residential) Investments
Major Tenants: The following tables list the Account’s ten most significant tenants based on the total space they occupied as of December 31, 20192020 in each of the Account’s commercial property types.
| Major Office Tenants | Occupied Sq. Ft. | % of Total Rentable Area of Account’s Office Properties | % of Total Rentable Area of Non-Residential Properties | |||||||||||||||||
BHP Petroleum (Americas), Inc.(1) | 1,023,456 | 5.1 | % | 1.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
WeWork(3) | 433,417 | 2.2 | % | 0.6 | % | |||||||||||||||
Crowell & Moring LLP(2) | 391,757 | 2.0 | % | 0.6 | % | |||||||||||||||
Bank of America(3) | 325,950 | 1.6 | % | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
Atmos Energy Corporation(2) | 312,238 | 1.6 | % | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
Biogen MA Inc(1) | 305,212 | 1.5 | % | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
Eli Lilly and Company(1) | 305,006 | 1.5 | % | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
Leidos, Inc.(1) | 269,048 | 1.3 | % | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||||||
Hulu LLC(1) | 261,823 | 1.3 | % | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||||||
Signal Pharmaceuticals(1) | 251,893 | 1.3 | % | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Major Industrial Tenants | Occupied Sq. Ft. | % of Total Rentable Area of Account’s Industrial Properties | % of Total Rentable Area of Non-Residential Properties | |||||||||||||||||
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.(2) | 1,099,112 | 3.8 | % | 1.6 | % | |||||||||||||||
Federal Express (2) | 1,036,064 | 3.5 | % | 1.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
Regal West Corporation (2) | 968,535 | 3.3 | % | 1.4 | % | |||||||||||||||
Kumho Tire U.S.A. Inc.(2) | 830,485 | 2.8 | % | 1.2 | % | |||||||||||||||
Del Monte Fresh Product, N.A., Inc.(2) | 689,660 | 2.4 | % | 1.0 | % | |||||||||||||||
R.R Donnelley & Sons Company (2) | 659,157 | 2.3 | % | 1.0 | % | |||||||||||||||
Rheem Sales Company, Inc.(2) | 656,600 | 2.2 | % | 1.0 | % | |||||||||||||||
Global Equipment Company, Inc.(2) | 647,228 | 2.2 | % | 1.0 | % | |||||||||||||||
Campbell Soup Supply Company (2) | 573,000 | 2.0 | % | 0.8 | % | |||||||||||||||
Meiko America, Inc.(2) | 557,500 | 1.9 | % | 0.8 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Major Retail Tenants | Occupied Sq. Ft. | % of Total Rentable Area of Account’s Retail Properties | % of Total Rentable Area of Non-Residential Properties | |||||||||||||||||
Target Corporation (2) | 911,351 | 4.9 | % | 1.3 | % | |||||||||||||||
Dick's Sporting Goods, Inc. (3) | 564,453 | 3.1 | % | 0.8 | % | |||||||||||||||
Macy's Inc. (1) | 496,603 | 2.7 | % | 0.7 | % | |||||||||||||||
Belk, Inc. (3) | 372,812 | 2.0 | % | 0.6 | % | |||||||||||||||
Kohl's Corporation (3) | 348,057 | 1.9 | % | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
J.C. Penney Corporation, Inc (1) | 330,096 | 1.8 | % | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
PetSmart, Inc.(2) | 313,559 | 1.7 | % | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
Best Buy Co., Inc. (2) | 313,219 | 1.7 | % | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
Nordstrom Inc. (3) | 304,610 | 1.7 | % | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||||
Bed Bath and Beyond Inc. (2) | 274,897 | 1.5 | % | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||||||
(1)Tenant occupied space within joint venture investments.
(2)Tenant occupied space within wholly-owned investments.
(3)Tenant occupied space within wholly-owned and joint venture investments.
40
| Major Office Tenants | Occupied Sq. Ft. | % of Total Rentable Area of Account’s Office Properties | % of Total Rentable Area of Non-Residential Properties | ||||||
BHP Petroleum (Americas), Inc.(1) | 1,103,312 | 5.6 | % | 1.6 | % | ||||
WeWork(3) | 434,881 | 2.2 | % | 0.6 | % | ||||
Crowell & Moring LLP(2) | 391,757 | 2.0 | % | 0.6 | % | ||||
Bank of America(3) | 325,950 | 1.7 | % | 0.5 | % | ||||
Atmos Energy Corporation(2) | 312,238 | 1.6 | % | 0.5 | % | ||||
Biogen MA Inc(1) | 305,212 | 1.6 | % | 0.5 | % | ||||
Eli Lilly and Company(1) | 305,006 | 1.6 | % | 0.5 | % | ||||
Hulu LLC(1) | 261,823 | 1.3 | % | 0.4 | % | ||||
Fibrogen Inc(1) | 238,707 | 1.2 | % | 0.4 | % | ||||
Mylan Pharmaceuticals Inc.(1) | 229,640 | 1.2 | % | 0.3 | % | ||||
| Major Industrial Tenants | Occupied Sq. Ft. | % of Total Rentable Area of Account’s Industrial Properties | % of Total Rentable Area of Non-Residential Properties | ||||||
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.(2) | 1,099,112 | 3.5 | % | 1.6 | % | ||||
Regal West Corporation (2) | 968,535 | 3.1 | % | 1.4 | % | ||||
Restoration Hardware, Inc.(2) | 886,052 | 2.8 | % | 1.3 | % | ||||
Kumho Tire U.S.A. Inc.(2) | 830,485 | 2.7 | % | 1.2 | % | ||||
Del Monte Fresh Product, N.A., Inc.(2) | 689,660 | 2.2 | % | 1.0 | % | ||||
R.R Donnelley & Sons Company (2) | 659,157 | 2.1 | % | 1.0 | % | ||||
Rheem Sales Company, Inc.(2) | 656,600 | 2.1 | % | 1.0 | % | ||||
Global Equipment Company, Inc.(2) | 647,228 | 2.1 | % | 1.0 | % | ||||
Campbell Soup Supply Company (2) | 573,000 | 1.8 | % | 0.8 | % | ||||
Meiko America, Inc.(2) | 557,500 | 1.8 | % | 0.8 | % | ||||
| Major Retail Tenants | Occupied Sq. Ft. | % of Total Rentable Area of Account’s Retail Properties | % of Total Rentable Area of Non-Residential Properties | ||||||
Dick's Sporting Goods, Inc. (1) | 564,453 | 3.3 | % | 0.8 | % | ||||
Macy's Inc. (1) | 496,603 | 2.9 | % | 0.7 | % | ||||
Belk, Inc. (1) | 372,812 | 2.2 | % | 0.6 | % | ||||
Kohl's Corporation (1) | 349,777 | 2.1 | % | 0.5 | % | ||||
J.C. Penney Corporation, Inc (1) | 330,096 | 1.9 | % | 0.5 | % | ||||
PetSmart, Inc.(3) | 313,559 | 1.8 | % | 0.5 | % | ||||
Best Buy Co., Inc. (3) | 313,219 | 1.8 | % | 0.5 | % | ||||
Nordstrom Inc. (3) | 304,610 | 1.8 | % | 0.4 | % | ||||
Bed Bath and Beyond Inc. (3) | 274,897 | 1.6 | % | 0.4 | % | ||||
Ross Stores, Inc. (1) | 268,728 | 1.6 | % | 0.4 | % | ||||
The following tables list the rentable area for long term leases subject to expiring leases during the next ten years and an aggregate figure for expirations in 20302031 and after, in the Account’s commercial (non-residential) properties that are both wholly-owned by the Account and held within the Account’s joint venture investments. While many of the leases contain renewal options with varying terms, these charts assume that none of the tenants exercise their renewal options, including those with terms that expired on December 31, 20192020 or are month to month leases.
Office Properties
Year of Lease Expiration | Number of Tenants with Expiring Leases | Base Rent Associated with Such Leases (millions)(1) | Expiring Rent as a % of Rental Income(1) | Rentable Area Subject to Expiring Leases (sq. ft.) | % of Total Rentable Area of Account’s Office Properties Represented by Expiring Leases | Year of Lease Expiration | Number of Tenants with Expiring Leases | Base Rent Associated with Such Leases (millions)(1) | Expiring Rent as a % of Rental Income(1) | Rentable Area Subject to Expiring Leases (sq. ft.) | % of Total Rentable Area of Account’s Office Properties Represented by Expiring Leases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | 154 | $ | 42.5 | 2.4 | % | 1,655,972 | 8.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 124 | 55.5 | 3.1 | % | 2,364,874 | 12.1 | % | 2021 | 141 | $ | 51.0 | 2.9 | % | 2,542,305 | 12.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 124 | 34.5 | 1.9 | % | 1,819,315 | 9.3 | % | 2022 | 125 | 34.2 | 1.9 | % | 1,743,241 | 8.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 89 | 45.5 | 2.5 | % | 1,380,512 | 7.1 | % | 2023 | 96 | 43.3 | 2.4 | % | 1,626,132 | 8.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 84 | 34.1 | 1.9 | % | 1,676,625 | 8.6 | % | 2024 | 91 | 35.0 | 2.0 | % | 1,704,018 | 8.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 74 | 55.8 | 3.1 | % | 1,454,158 | 7.4 | % | 2025 | 88 | 60.5 | 3.4 | % | 1,685,787 | 8.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 41 | 33.1 | 1.8 | % | 1,362,107 | 7.0 | % | 2026 | 49 | 36.3 | 2.0 | % | 1,452,810 | 7.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | 22 | 18.8 | 1.0 | % | 799,394 | 4.1 | % | 2027 | 32 | 24.0 | 1.3 | % | 968,266 | 4.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2028 | 35 | 27.4 | 1.5 | % | 1,198,988 | 6.1 | % | 2028 | 44 | 37.0 | 2.1 | % | 1,427,508 | 7.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2029 | 22 | 12.3 | 0.7 | % | 455,966 | 2.3 | % | 2029 | 23 | 17.2 | 1.0 | % | 516,212 | 2.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2030 | 2030 | 18 | 16.4 | 0.9 | % | 565,415 | 2.8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thereafter | 54 | 128.4 | 7.2 | % | 3,017,906 | 15.4 | % | Thereafter | 57 | 96.1 | 5.4 | % | 2,643,893 | 13.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 823 | $ | 487.9 | 27.1 | % | 17,185,817 | 87.9 | % | Total | 764 | $ | 451.0 | 25.3 | % | 16,875,587 | 84.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Industrial Properties
| Year of Lease Expiration | Number of Tenants with Expiring Leases | Base Rent Associated with Such Leases (millions)(1) | Expiring Rent as a % of Rental Income(1) | Rentable Area Subject to Expiring Leases (sq. ft.) | % of Total Rentable Area of Account’s Industrial Properties Represented by Expiring Leases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 88 | $ | 19.2 | 1.1 | % | 5,192,994 | 17.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 104 | 20.3 | 1.1 | % | 5,710,664 | 19.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 87 | 17.4 | 1.0 | % | 4,967,727 | 17.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 85 | 17.0 | 1.0 | % | 3,285,746 | 11.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 51 | 11.1 | 0.6 | % | 3,003,316 | 10.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 26 | 10.2 | 0.6 | % | 3,158,932 | 10.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | 13 | 3.4 | 0.2 | % | 758,832 | 2.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2028 | 6 | 2.5 | 0.1 | % | 624,957 | 2.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2029 | 3 | 0.6 | — | % | 142,306 | 0.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2030 | 1 | 0.1 | — | % | 45,220 | 0.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thereafter | 4 | 2.8 | 0.2 | % | 922,928 | 3.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 468 | $ | 104.6 | 5.9 | % | 27,813,622 | 95.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
41
Year of Lease Expiration | Number of Tenants with Expiring Leases | Base Rent Associated with Such Leases (millions)(1) | Expiring Rent as a % of Rental Income(1) | Rentable Area Subject to Expiring Leases (sq. ft.) | % of Total Rentable Area of Account’s Industrial Properties Represented by Expiring Leases | |||||||||||
| 2020 | 98 | $ | 16.0 | 0.9 | % | 5,588,133 | 18.0 | % | ||||||||
| 2021 | 104 | 18.9 | 1.1 | % | 6,162,686 | 19.8 | % | |||||||||
| 2022 | 110 | 18.6 | 1.0 | % | 5,841,382 | 18.8 | % | |||||||||
| 2023 | 81 | 17.4 | 1.0 | % | 5,333,041 | 17.1 | % | |||||||||
| 2024 | 82 | 12.6 | 0.7 | % | 3,419,781 | 11.0 | % | |||||||||
| 2025 | 32 | 6.6 | 0.4 | % | 1,035,026 | 3.3 | % | |||||||||
| 2026 | 9 | 2.2 | 0.1 | % | 492,561 | 1.6 | % | |||||||||
| 2027 | 11 | 2.8 | 0.2 | % | 553,062 | 1.8 | % | |||||||||
| 2028 | 5 | 2.5 | 0.1 | % | 612,157 | 2.0 | % | |||||||||
| 2029 | 3 | 0.6 | — | % | 142,306 | 0.5 | % | |||||||||
| Thereafter | 5 | 1.0 | 0.1 | % | 312,451 | 1.0 | % | |||||||||
| Total | 540 | $ | 99.2 | 5.6 | % | 29,492,586 | 94.9 | % | ||||||||
Retail Properties
| Year of Lease Expiration | Number of Tenants with Expiring Leases | Base Rent Associated with Such Leases (millions)(1) | Expiring Rent as a % of Rental Income(1) | Rentable Area Subject to Expiring Leases (sq. ft.) | % of Total Rentable Area of Account’s Retail Properties Represented by Expiring Leases | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2021 | 283 | $ | 18.6 | 1.0 | % | 1,678,421 | 10.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 270 | 15.9 | 0.9 | % | 2,182,808 | 13.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 267 | 20.9 | 1.2 | % | 1,784,425 | 10.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 221 | 18.7 | 1.0 | % | 1,605,336 | 9.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 199 | 24.7 | 1.4 | % | 1,593,958 | 9.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 131 | 11.9 | 0.7 | % | 1,396,544 | 8.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | 85 | 9.2 | 0.5 | % | 570,389 | 3.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2028 | 60 | 6.1 | 0.3 | % | 506,237 | 3.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2029 | 48 | 3.7 | 0.2 | % | 378,786 | 2.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2030 | 74 | 14.8 | 0.8 | % | 605,626 | 3.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thereafter | 49 | 11.3 | 0.6 | % | 1,594,807 | 9.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 1,687 | $ | 155.8 | 8.6 | % | 13,897,337 | 83.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year of Lease Expiration | Number of Tenants with Expiring Leases | Base Rent Associated with Such Leases (millions)(1) | Expiring Rent as a % of Rental Income(1) | Rentable Area Subject to Expiring Leases (sq. ft.) | % of Total Rentable Area of Account’s Retail Properties Represented by Expiring Leases | |||||||||||
| 2020 | 270 | $ | 17.1 | 1.0 | % | 1,238,038 | 8.1 | % | ||||||||
| 2021 | 281 | 19.4 | 1.1 | % | 1,852,164 | 12.1 | % | |||||||||
| 2022 | 252 | 16.3 | 0.9 | % | 2,196,998 | 14.4 | % | |||||||||
| 2023 | 251 | 19.5 | 1.1 | % | 1,679,198 | 11.0 | % | |||||||||
| 2024 | 218 | 19.5 | 1.1 | % | 1,568,556 | 10.3 | % | |||||||||
| 2025 | 174 | 20.7 | 1.2 | % | 1,318,388 | 8.6 | % | |||||||||
| 2026 | 108 | 11.0 | 0.6 | % | 1,253,925 | 8.2 | % | |||||||||
| 2027 | 85 | 8.1 | 0.5 | % | 619,466 | 4.1 | % | |||||||||
| 2028 | 60 | 5.9 | 0.3 | % | 500,067 | 3.3 | % | |||||||||
| 2029 | 51 | 3.1 | 0.2 | % | 349,298 | 2.3 | % | |||||||||
| Thereafter | 50 | 15.2 | 0.8 | % | 1,610,421 | 10.5 | % | |||||||||
| Total | 1,800 | $ | 155.8 | 8.8 | % | 14,186,519 | 92.9 | % | ||||||||
Certain leases provide for additional rental amounts based upon the recovery of actual operating expenses in excess of specified base amounts, sales volume or contractual increases as defined in the lease agreement. These contractual contingent rentals are not included in the table above.
The following table details the leasing activity during the year ended December 31, 2019.
2020.
Leasing Activity (sq. ft.) | |||||||||
| Vacant space beginning of year | |||||||||
| Vacant space acquired during the year | |||||||||
| Vacant space disposed of during the year | |||||||||
| Vacant space placed into service during the year | |||||||||
| Expiring leases during the year | |||||||||
| Vacant space end of year | |||||||||
| Average remaining lease term* | |||||||||
*Includes office, industrial and retail properties.
Based on leases in place at December 31, 2019,2020, leases representing approximately 12.6%13.8% of net rentable area are scheduled to expire throughout 2020.2021. Rents associated with such lease expirations are generally at or below prevailing market rents in the Account’s primary metropolitan markets.
Residential Investments
The Account’s residential property investment portfolio is comprised of first class or luxury multi-family, garden, mid-rise, and high-rise apartment buildings. The complexes generally contain one to three bedroom apartment units with a range of amenities, such as patios or balconies, washers and dryers, and central air conditioning. Many of these apartment communities have on-site fitness facilities, including some with swimming pools. Rents on each of the properties tend to be comparable with competitive communities and are not subject to rent regulation. The Account is responsible for the expenses of operating its residential properties. As of December 31, 2019,2020, the Account’s residential properties had an aggregate fair value of approximately $6.1$5.7 billion.
42
The following table contains detailed information regarding the apartment complexes in the Account’s portfolio as of December 31, 2019.2020.
| Property | Location | Number Of Units | Average Unit Size (Sq. Ft.) | |||||||||||||||||
| The Ashton | Washington, D.C. | 49 | 1,627 | |||||||||||||||||
| The Residences at the Village of Merrick Park | Coral Gables, FL | 120 | 1,231 | |||||||||||||||||
| Glen Lake | Atlanta, GA | 270 | 1,199 | |||||||||||||||||
| The Legacy at Westwood | Los Angeles, CA | 187 | 1,181 | |||||||||||||||||
Houston Apartment Portfolio(1) | Houston, TX | 877 | 1,158 | |||||||||||||||||
| Birkdale Village | Huntersville, NC | 320 | 1,147 | |||||||||||||||||
| Casa Palma | Coconut Creek, FL | 350 | 1,123 | |||||||||||||||||
Palomino Park(1) | Highlands Ranch, CO | 1,184 | 1,100 | |||||||||||||||||
| Ascent at Windward | Alpharetta, GA | 328 | 1,075 | |||||||||||||||||
| Sole at Brandon | Riverview, FL | 366 | 1,060 | |||||||||||||||||
| The Palatine | Arlington, VA | 262 | 1,055 | |||||||||||||||||
| Ashford Meadows Apartments | Herndon, VA | 440 | 1,050 | |||||||||||||||||
Simpson Housing Portfolio(1) | Various, U.S.A. | 3,827 | 1,010 | |||||||||||||||||
| Larkspur Courts | Larkspur, CA | 248 | 1,001 | |||||||||||||||||
| 5 West | Tampa, FL | 318 | 978 | |||||||||||||||||
| The Manor Apartments | Plantation, FL | 197 | 977 | |||||||||||||||||
| Cherry Knoll | Germantown, MD | 300 | 968 | |||||||||||||||||
| The Manor at Flagler Village | Fort Lauderdale, FL | 382 | 964 | |||||||||||||||||
| Stella | Marina Del Rey, CA | 246 | 963 | |||||||||||||||||
| Lofts at SoDo | Orlando, FL | 308 | 961 | |||||||||||||||||
| Cliffs at Barton Creek | Austin, TX | 210 | 952 | |||||||||||||||||
| Westcreek | Westlake Village, CA | 126 | 951 | |||||||||||||||||
| 803 Corday | Naperville, IL | 440 | 937 | |||||||||||||||||
| Carrington Park | Plano, TX | 364 | 936 | |||||||||||||||||
| Oceano at Warner Center | Woodland Hills, CA | 244 | 935 | |||||||||||||||||
| Henley at Kingstowne | Alexandria, VA | 358 | 930 | |||||||||||||||||
| The Maroneal | Houston, TX | 309 | 928 | |||||||||||||||||
| District at La Frontera | Austin, TX | 512 | 920 | |||||||||||||||||
| Boca Arbor Club | Boca Raton, FL | 304 | 896 | |||||||||||||||||
| Centric Gateway | Charlotte, NC | 297 | 890 | |||||||||||||||||
| Creekside Alta Loma | Rancho Cucamonga, CA | 290 | 887 | |||||||||||||||||
| Regents Court | San Diego, CA | 251 | 886 | |||||||||||||||||
| Allure at Camarillo | Camarillo, CA | 165 | 880 | |||||||||||||||||
| Lakepointe at Jacaranda | Plantation, FL | 246 | 880 | |||||||||||||||||
| Holly Street Village | Pasadena, CA | 374 | 879 | |||||||||||||||||
| The Colorado | New York, NY | 175 | 877 | |||||||||||||||||
| Churchill on the Park | Dallas, TX | 448 | 868 | |||||||||||||||||
| Avana | San Clemente, CA | 250 | 841 | |||||||||||||||||
| Mass Court | Washington, DC | 371 | 836 | |||||||||||||||||
| Fusion 1560 | St. Petersburg, FL | 325 | 834 | |||||||||||||||||
| Park Creek Apartments | Fort Worth, TX | 300 | 833 | |||||||||||||||||
| Sole at City Center | West Balm Beach, FL | 317 | 822 | |||||||||||||||||
| Terra House | San Jose, CA | 348 | 814 | |||||||||||||||||
| Biltmore at Midtown | Atlanta, GA | 276 | 766 | |||||||||||||||||
43
| Property | Location | Number Of Units | Average Unit Size (Sq. Ft.) | |||||
| 5 West | Tampa, FL | 318 | 978 | |||||
| 250 North 10th Street | Brooklyn, NY | 234 | 676 | |||||
| 803 Corday | Naperville, IL | 440 | 937 | |||||
| Allure at Camarillo | Camarillo, CA | 165 | 880 | |||||
| Ascent at Windward | Alpharetta, GA | 328 | 1,075 | |||||
| Ashford Meadows Apartments | Herndon, VA | 440 | 1,050 | |||||
| Avana | San Clemente, CA | 250 | 841 | |||||
| Biltmore at Midtown | Atlanta, GA | 276 | 766 | |||||
BLVD 63(2) | San Diego, CA | 913 | 361 | |||||
| Boca Arbor Club | Boca Raton, FL | 304 | 896 | |||||
| Carrington Park | Plano, TX | 364 | 936 | |||||
| Casa Palma | Coconut Creek, FL | 350 | 1,123 | |||||
| Centric Gateway | Charlotte, NC | 297 | 890 | |||||
| Cherry Knoll | Germantown, MD | 300 | 968 | |||||
| Churchill on the Park | Dallas, TX | 448 | 868 | |||||
| Circa Green Lake | Seattle, WA | 199 | 765 | |||||
| Cliffs at Barton Creek | Austin, TX | 210 | 952 | |||||
| Creekside Alta Loma | Rancho Cucamonga, CA | 290 | 887 | |||||
| District at La Frontera | Austin, TX | 512 | 920 | |||||
| Fusion 1560 | St. Petersburg, FL | 325 | 833 | |||||
| Glen Lake | Atlanta, GA | 270 | 1,199 | |||||
Greene Crossing(2) | Columbia, SC | 726 | 444 | |||||
| Henley at Kingstowne | Alexandria, VA | 358 | 930 | |||||
| Holly Street Village | Pasadena, CA | 374 | 879 | |||||
Houston Apartment Porfolio(1) | Houston, TX | 877 | 1,158 | |||||
| Lakepointe at Jacaranda | Plantation, FL | 246 | 880 | |||||
| Larkspur Courts | Larkspur, CA | 248 | 1,001 | |||||
| Lofts at SoDo | Orlando, FL | 308 | 961 | |||||
| Mass Court | Washington, DC | 371 | 834 | |||||
| MiMA | New York, NY | 500 | 739 | |||||
| Oceano at Warner Center | Woodland Hills, CA | 244 | 935 | |||||
Orion on Orpington(2) | Orlando, FL | 624 | 324 | |||||
Palomino Park(1) | Highlands Ranch, CO | 1,184 | 1,100 | |||||
| Prescott Wallingford Apartments | Seattle, WA | 154 | 665 | |||||
| Regents Court | San Diego, CA | 251 | 886 | |||||
Simpson Housing Portfolio(1) | Various, U.S.A. | 3,827 | 1,010 | |||||
| Sole at Brandon | Riverview, FL | 366 | 1,060 | |||||
| Stella | Marina Del Rey, CA | 244 | 970 | |||||
| Terra House | San Jose, CA | 348 | 814 | |||||
| The Ashton | Washington, D.C. | 49 | 1,600 | |||||
The Bridges(2) | Minneapolis, MN | 359 | 523 | |||||
| The Colorado | New York, NY | 175 | 876 | |||||
| The Cordelia | Portland, OR | 135 | 667 | |||||
The Knoll(2) | Minneapolis, MN | 226 | 459 | |||||
| Property | Location | Number Of Units | Average Unit Size (Sq. Ft.) | |||||||||||||||||
| Circa Green Lake | Seattle, WA | 199 | 765 | |||||||||||||||||
| MiMA | New York, NY | 500 | 739 | |||||||||||||||||
| Union - South Lake Union | Seattle, WA | 284 | 695 | |||||||||||||||||
| The Cordelia | Portland, OR | 135 | 667 | |||||||||||||||||
| Prescott Wallingford Apartments | Seattle, WA | 154 | 665 | |||||||||||||||||
| The Louis at 14th | Washington, DC | 268 | 665 | |||||||||||||||||
The Bridges(2) | Minneapolis, MN | 720 | 523 | |||||||||||||||||
The Knoll(2) | Minneapolis, MN | 452 | 459 | |||||||||||||||||
Greene Crossing(2) | Columbia, SC | 726 | 444 | |||||||||||||||||
THP Student Housing Portfolio(1)(2) | Various, U.S.A. | 4,143 | 433 | |||||||||||||||||
BLVD 63(2) | San Diego, CA | 1,379 | 361 | |||||||||||||||||
Orion on Orpington(2) | Orlando, FL | 624 | 324 | |||||||||||||||||
(1)Represents a portfolio containing multiple properties.
(2)Investment is a student housing asset. Units are rented per bedroom, and multiple bedrooms can exist in one apartment.
| Property | Location | Number Of Units | Average Unit Size (Sq. Ft.) | |||||
| The Legacy at Westwood | Los Angeles, CA | 187 | 1,181 | |||||
| The Louis at 14th | Washington, DC | 268 | 665 | |||||
| The Manor Apartments | Plantation, FL | 197 | 977 | |||||
| The Manor at Flagler Village | Fort Lauderdale, FL | 382 | 964 | |||||
| The Maroneal | Houston, TX | 309 | 928 | |||||
| The Palatine | Arlington, VA | 262 | 1,055 | |||||
| The Residences at the Village of Merrick Park | Coral Gables, FL | 120 | 1,231 | |||||
| The Woodley | Washington, DC | 212 | 1,117 | |||||
THP Student Housing Portfolio(1)(2) | Various, U.S.A. | 4,143 | 433 | |||||
| Union - South Lake Union | Seattle, WA | 284 | 696 | |||||
| Westcreek | Westlake Village, CA | 126 | 951 | |||||
Other Real Estate Investments
In addition to the Account's commercial and residential real estate investments, the Account has other real estate investments comprised of three storage portfolios, twothree properties under development, and a hotel. The storage portfolios are held through joint ventures with an established operator in the self-storage industry. The storage portfolios are diversified throughout the United States, with exposure present in more than twenty metropolitan areas. The properties under development are industrial sites located in metropolitan areas where tenant demand for space is strong and is expected to continue over the long term. The development properties are scheduled for completion in 2021. The hotel, located in Dallas, TX, is located within the Lincoln Centre campus, which is also the location of an office property held by the Account.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
In the normal course of business, the Account may be named, from time to time, as a defendantor may be involved in various legal actions, including arbitrations, class actions and other litigation.
The Account establishes an accrual for all litigation and regulatory matters when it believes it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Once established, accruals are adjusted, as appropriate, in light of additional information. The amount of loss ultimately incurred in relation to those matters may be higher or lower than the amounts accrued for those matters.
As of the date of this annual report, management of the Account does not believe that the results of any such claims or litigation, individually or in the aggregate, will have a material effect on the Account’s business, financial position or results of operations.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.
Not applicable.
44
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR THE REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.
Market Information. There is no established public trading market for securities issued by the Account. Accumulation units in the Account are sold to eligible participantscontract owners at the Account’s current accumulation unit value, which is based on the value of the Account’s then current net assets, and are redeemable in accordance with the terms of the participant’scontract owner’s annuity contract. For the period from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020, the high and low accumulation unit values for the Account were $442.781 and $433.383, respectively. For the period January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019, the high and low accumulation unit values for the Account were $440.422 and $416.977, respectively. For the period January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018, the high and low accumulation unit values for the Account were $418.185 and $397.520, respectively.
Holders. The approximate number of Account contract owners at December 31, 20192020 was 1,035,232.994,479.
Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans. Not applicable.
Use of Proceeds. Not applicable.
Purchases of Equity Securities by Issuer. Not applicable.
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA.
| Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | ||||||||||||||||
| Investment income: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate income, net | $ | 572.9 | $ | 561.8 | $ | 582.0 | $ | 546.4 | $ | 486.2 | ||||||||||
| Income from real estate joint ventures and funds | 214.0 | 204.7 | 214.1 | 161.8 | 140.1 | |||||||||||||||
| Dividends and interest | 196.2 | 171.2 | 80.4 | 58.9 | 57.6 | |||||||||||||||
| Total investment income | 983.1 | 937.7 | 876.5 | 767.1 | 683.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Expenses | 208.9 | 192.8 | 205.2 | 202.0 | 182.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Investment income, net | 774.2 | 744.9 | 671.3 | 565.1 | 501.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Net realized and unrealized gains on investments and loans payable | 652.8 | 436.7 | 387.1 | 619.8 | 1,145.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Net increase in net assets resulting from operations | 1,427.0 | 1,181.6 | 1,058.4 | 1,184.9 | 1,646.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Participant transactions, net | 38.3 | (281.6 | ) | (420.5 | ) | 759.8 | 884.6 | |||||||||||||
| Net increase in net assets | $ | 1,465.3 | $ | 900.0 | $ | 637.9 | $ | 1,944.7 | $ | 2,531.0 | ||||||||||
| Years Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | 2017 | 2016 | 2015 | ||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 30,209.9 | $ | 28,818.2 | $ | 27,453.6 | $ | 26,985.2 | $ | 24,399.4 | ||||||||||
| Total liabilities | 2,902.0 | 2,975.6 | 2,511.0 | 2,680.5 | 2,039.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Total net assets | $ | 27,307.9 | $ | 25,842.6 | $ | 24,942.6 | $ | 24,304.7 | $ | 22,360.0 | ||||||||||
| Number of per accumulation unit amounts | 60.8 | 60.7 | 61.3 | 62.4 | 60.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Net asset value, per accumulation unit | $ | 440.422 | $ | 417.416 | $ | 398.329 | $ | 381.636 | $ | 362.773 | ||||||||||
| Loans payable and line of credit | $ | 2,615.0 | $ | 2,608.0 | $ | 2,238.3 | $ | 2,332.1 | $ | 1,794.4 | ||||||||||
| 2019 | Year Ended December 31, 2019 | |||||||||||||||||||
| For the Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31 | June 30 | September 30 | December 31 | |||||||||||||||||
| Investment income, net | $ | 172.4 | $ | 208.4 | $ | 202.4 | $ | 191.0 | $ | 774.2 | ||||||||||
| Net realized and unrealized gain on investments and loans payable | 270.4 | 140.3 | 110.1 | 132.0 | 652.8 | |||||||||||||||
| Net increase in net assets resulting from operations | $ | 442.8 | $ | 348.7 | $ | 312.5 | $ | 323.0 | $ | 1,427.0 | ||||||||||
| Total return | 1.71 | % | 1.32 | % | 1.17 | % | 1.19 | % | 5.51 | % | ||||||||||
| 2018 | Year Ended December 31, 2018 | |||||||||||||||||||
| For the Three Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31 | June 30 | September 30 | December 31 | |||||||||||||||||
| Investment income, net | $ | 179.9 | $ | 200.6 | $ | 178.0 | $ | 186.4 | $ | 744.9 | ||||||||||
| Net realized and unrealized gain on investments and loans payable | 55.0 | 204.8 | 119.2 | 57.7 | 436.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Net increase in net assets resulting from operations | $ | 234.9 | $ | 405.4 | $ | 297.2 | $ | 244.1 | $ | 1,181.6 | ||||||||||
| Total return | 0.95 | % | 1.63 | % | 1.17 | % | 0.95 | % | 4.79 | % | ||||||||||
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF THE ACCOUNT’S FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
The following discussion and analysis of the Account's financial condition and results of operations should be read together with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes contained in this report and with consideration to the sub-section entitled “Forward-looking Statements,” which begins below, and the section entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors.” The past performance of the Account is not indicative of future results.
Forward-looking Statements
Some statements in this Form 10-K which are not historical facts may be “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include statements about management’s expectations, beliefs, intentions or strategies for the future, include the assumptions and beliefs underlying these forward-looking statements, and are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about the real estate industry, domestic and global economic conditions, including conditions in the credit and capital markets, the sectors, and markets in which the Account invests and operates, and the transactions described in this Form 10-K. While management believes the assumptions underlying its forward-looking statements and information to be reasonable, such information may be subject to uncertainties and may involve certain risks which may be difficult to predict and are beyond management’s control. These risks and uncertainties could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement. These risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the following:
More detailed discussions of certain of these risk factors are contained in the section of this Form 10-K entitled “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and also in the section entitled “Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical experience or management’s present expectations.
Caution should be taken not to place undue reliance on management’s forward-looking statements, which represent management’s views only as of the date that this report is filed. Neither management nor the Account undertake any obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, changed assumptions, future events or otherwise.
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Commercial real estate market statistics discussed in this section are obtained by the Account from sources that management considers reliable, but some of the data is preliminary for the year or quarter ended December 31, 20192020 and may be subsequently revised. Prior period data may have been adjusted to reflect updated calculations. Investors should not rely exclusively on the data presented below in forming a judgment regarding the current or prospective performance of the commercial real estate market generally.
Economic Overview and Outlook
Key Macro Economic Indicators*
| Actuals | Forecast | Actuals | Forecast | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 1Q 2019 | 2Q 2019 | 3Q 2019 | 4Q 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | 1Q 2020 | 2Q 2020 | 3Q 2020 | 4Q 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Economy(1) | Economy(1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross Domestic Product ("GDP") | 2.3% | 3.1% | 2.0% | 2.1% | 2.1% | 1.8% | 1.9% | Gross Domestic Product ("GDP") | (3.5)% | (5.0)% | (31.4)% | 33.4% | 4.0% | 4.1% | 3.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employment Growth (Thousands) | 2,096 | 417 | 477 | 609 | 593 | 1,584 | 1,296 | Employment Growth (Thousands) | (781) | (908) | (13,281) | 3,911 | 904 | 369 | 248 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unemployment Rate | 3.7% | 3.8% | 3.7% | 3.5% | 3.5% | 3.6% | 3.7% | Unemployment Rate | 6.7% | 4.4% | 11.1% | 7.9% | 6.7% | 6.0% | 5.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rates(2) | Interest Rates(2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 10 Year Treasury | 2.1% | 2.7% | 2.3% | 1.8% | 1.8% | 1.9% | 2.1% | 10 Year Treasury | 0.9% | 1.4% | 0.7% | 0.7% | 0.9% | 1.3% | 1.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sources: Blue Chip Economic Indicators, Blue Chip Financial Forecasts, BEA, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Federal Reserve and Moody's Analytics
*Data subject to revision
(1)GDP growth rates are annual rates. Quarterly unemployment rates are the reported value for the final month of the quarter while average annual values represent a twelve-month average.
U.S. economy added 593,000 jobs duringGDP increased 4.0% in the fourth quarter of 2019, with an2020 after a 33.4% rebound in the third quarter of 2020, however, still 3.5% lower than U.S. GDP in fourth quarter of 2019. Labor markets have restored 12.3 million of the 21 million jobs lost at the beginning of the pandemic, as measured by non-farm employment, bringing the unemployment rate to 6.7% as of December 2020. However, the economy lost 140,000 jobs in December’s non-farm payroll measurement, indicating that some job losses will be permanent.
With respect to the COVID-19 pandemic, the 7-day moving average of 186,000 jobs per month overU.S. daily COVID-19 deaths and positive cases rose to 2,500 and 200,000, respectively, by the past three months, exceedingend of December 2020. However, investors have become more optimistic about the 12-monthcountry’s ability to combat the pandemic due to the successful trials and approval of multiple COVID-19 vaccines that soon may enable vaccines to be administered on a large scale. Mandatory business closures in the U.S. are less sweeping than during the initial wave last spring. However, for many businesses and industries, activity has not returned to normal even when the pandemic's severity has temporarily subsided. We do not expect the U.S. economy to fully rebound until the vast majority of Americans have been vaccinated.
However, the parts of the economy that can function during a pandemic are doing so, and many are thriving. For example, the U.S. housing market has staged a V-shaped recovery, thanks to shifting demographics, low-interest rates, and migration towards the suburbs. Most importantly, consumers are exhibiting considerable resilience. On average, with limited spending options and financial aid from the federal government, household balance sheets have strengthened. Savings rates remain unusually high, and incomes have generally risen with the help of 176,000.fiscal policy stimulus.
At its last meeting of 2020, the Federal Reserve’s Open Market Committee (“FOMC”) upgraded its economic outlook for the coming years while warning that COVID-19 still represents a significant near-term risk. The unemployment rate remainedFOMC has made clear that its goal is not merely to provide emergency relief during the COVID-19 pandemic but also to ensure that the U.S. economy returns to its former strength as quickly as possible after the crisis subsides.
The economy may continue to struggle as the COVID-19 pandemic continues. In particular, unsupported U.S. small businesses are at 3.5%, maintaining the lowest U.S. unemployment rate in over fifty years. The strengthgreater risk of failure as states lockdown or customers stay away. School closures are also affecting the labor market, paired with steady businessparents forced to choose between working and supervising at-home students, which
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has caused an increase in participants to leave the labor force. This trend could lead to a sluggish recovery similar to the aftermath of the last recession. A slow recovery following the end of the pandemic would produce flat yield curves and favor the shrinking number of higher growth assets in portfolios, particularly in the technology and consumer confidence continue to serve as the key drivers to U.S. economic growth.
Real Estate Market Conditions and Outlook
We expect the economic recovery is likely to continue, but it is growing more uneven across regions, cities, and property types. We expect the U.S. real estate recovery to track with the broader economic recovery, especially after the vaccine has been widely administered by mid-to-late 2021. Commercial real estate conditions remained steady throughout 2019, with investor demand largely ableshould benefit from a low-interest-rate environment, attracting more investors to absorb the increase of new supply entering the market, most notably within the industrial sector. Market rents have steadily increased in most key markets, with the most significant increases present in cities with strong financial or technology exposure (e.g., San Francisco, New York). Declining interest rates during the year have also benefitedspace as they seek higher-yielding alternatives relative to fixed income assets.
Commercial real estate providing institutional investors easier accessprices have started to capital while simultaneously allowingrecover, increasing by 3.5% since April, after falling by 10% at the yields on real estate investments to remain attractive. Market conditions are not expected to change significantly in 2020, but it should be noted thatoutset of the the real estate cycle is mature and a moderation of returns may occur.
According to Real Capital Analytics, real estate transaction volumes were down 32% in 2020 relative to 2019. During this period, apartments and industrial captured almost 60% of total U.S. transaction volumes, illustrating the strong investor interest in these two property types. U.S. real estate values could start to fall again if interest in those property types wanes to an unstable economic recovery.
For the year ending December 31, 2019,2020, the Account’s directly held real estate assets generated a return of 5.82%-0.19%.
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Data for the Account’s top five markets in terms of market value as of December 31, 20192020 are provided below. The five markets presented below represent 41.3%42.9% of the Account’s total real estate portfolio. Across all markets, the Account’s properties are 92.8%90.2% leased.
| Top 5 Metro Areas by Fair Value | Account % Leased Fair Value Weighted* | Number of Property Investments | Metro Area Fair Value as a % of Total RE Portfolio** | Metro Area Fair Value as a % of Total Investments** | ||||
| Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV | 90.4% | 14 | 10.9% | 8.4% | ||||
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA | 94.3% | 15 | 9.7% | 7.5% | ||||
| New York-Jersey City-White Plains, NY-NJ | 88.4% | 13 | 8.5% | 6.6% | ||||
| Boston, MA | 92.2% | 7 | 6.6% | 5.1% | ||||
| San Diego-Carlsbad, CA | 91.7% | 13 | 5.6% | 4.4% | ||||
| Top 5 Metro Areas by Fair Value | Account % Leased Fair Value Weighted* | Number of Property Investments | Metro Area Fair Value as a % of Total RE Portfolio** | Metro Area Fair Value as a % of Total Investments** | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV | 82.1% | 17 | 11.2% | 9.9% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA | 91.8% | 16 | 10.1% | 8.9% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH | 89.1% | 8 | 7.6% | 6.7% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA | 78.2% | 12 | 7.5% | 6.6% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA | 91.8% | 10 | 6.5% | 5.7% | ||||||||||||||||||||||
*Weighted by fair value, which differs from the calculations provided for market comparisons to CBRE-EA data and are used here to reflect the fair value of the Account’s monetary investments in those markets.
**Wholly-owned properties are represented at fair value and gross of any debt, while joint venture properties are represented at the net equity value.
Office
Vacancy nationwide increased from 10.7% in the financial services sector andthird quarter of 2020 to 11.2% in the professional services sector,fourth quarter, as reported by CoStar. New construction effectively stalled with technology-related companies included within this classification.the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic, but the completion of construction already underway has continued to deliver new supply into a weak leasing environment. The sectors added 36,000 and 98,000 jobs, respectively,new supply continues to be the main driver behind the national vacancy increase. The vacancy rate of the Account’s office portfolio increased to 14.8% in the fourth quarter of 2019. Nationwide office vacancy remained level from2020, as compared to 14.1% in the prior quarter, as reporteddriven primarily by CB Richard Ellis Econometric Advisors ("CBRE-EA"), as new construction delivered during the quarter absorbed the demand driven by employment. Vacancies continue to trend lowest in cities with significant technology or research exposure (e.g., San Francisco, Seattle), but the largest vacancy declines in recent months have been present in non-primary metro areas (i.e., metropolitan areas with less than five million people). The vacancy rate for the Account declined to 11.9%scheduled lease expirations, most notably in the fourth quarter of 2019, driven by lease inceptions at properties in the Boston and DenverLos Angeles metro areas.area. The above-average vacancy rate in the New York metro area is driven by two properties currently undergoing redevelopment to increase the long term value of the properties. The vacancy rate in the New York metro will remain elevated over the near term as legacy tenants fully vacate the properties and redevelopment efforts continue. The
As of December 31, 2020, the Account's overall vacancy raterents from office tenants were not materially affected, but the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic remains unknown. Tenants requesting rent relief have generally requested rent deferrals for a limited period of time (i.e., less than six months), with the office portfolio, excludingunpaid rent to be paid over the two New York properties under redevelopment, was 10.6%duration of the remaining lease. If the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic persists throughout 2021, the likelihood that tenants may request additional rent deferrals, rent concessions or default increases. Additionally, if tenants vacate due to lease expirations, redeployment of the vacated space may be challenging in the fourth quarter of 2019.near term due to unfavorable leasing conditions.
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| Account Square Foot Weighted Average Vacancy | Market Vacancy* | |||||||||||||
| Top 5 Office Metropolitan Areas | Total Sector by Metro Area ($M) | % of Total Investments | 2019 Q4 | 2019 Q3 | 2019 Q4 | 2019 Q3 | ||||||||
| Account / Nation | 11.9% | 13.1% | 12.1% | 12.1% | ||||||||||
| Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV | $ | 1,477.0 | 4.9% | 12.8% | 13.0% | 13.8% | 13.9% | |||||||
| Boston, MA | 1,272.4 | 4.3% | 8.6% | 11.8% | 8.8% | 8.6% | ||||||||
| New York-Jersey City-White Plains, NY-NJ | 1,197.5 | 4.0% | 28.2% | 27.3% | 8.7% | 8.6% | ||||||||
| San Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco, CA | 1,024.3 | 3.4% | 1.1% | 5.1% | 5.2% | 4.9% | ||||||||
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA | 879.3 | 2.9% | 3.4% | 1.9% | 11.5% | 11.9% | ||||||||
| Account Square Foot Weighted Average Vacancy | Market Vacancy* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Top 5 Office Metropolitan Areas | Total Sector by Metro Area ($M) | % of Total Investments | 2020 Q4 | 2020 Q3 | 2020 Q4 | 2020 Q3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Account / Nation | 14.8% | 14.1% | 11.2% | 10.7% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH | $ | 1,492.8 | 5.8% | 12.5% | 12.7% | 8.7% | 8.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV | 1,487.7 | 5.8% | 13.0% | 12.4% | 13.9% | 13.8% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA | 1,106.1 | 4.3% | 35.9% | 36.3% | 9.8% | 8.8% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA | 1,000.9 | 3.9% | 4.5% | 4.3% | 10.5% | 9.2% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA | 810.8 | 3.2% | 9.9% | 4.7% | 12.2% | 11.6% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
*Source: CBRE-EA.CoStar. Market vacancy is defined as the percentage of space vacant.available for rent. The Account’s vacancy is defined as the square foot-weighted percentage of unleased space.
Industrial
The national industrial availability rate was level from the prior quarter at 7.2%, as reported by CBRE-EA. Completions have been steady throughout 2019, but demand has largely absorbed new construction as it becomes available. The supply pipeline is expected to remain strong in 2020, which will likely cause
As of December 31, 2020, the Account's rents from industrial tenants were not materially affected, but the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic remains unknown. Tenants requesting rent relief have generally requested rent deferrals for a limited period of time (i.e., less than six months), with the unpaid rent to be paid over the duration of the remaining lease. If the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic persists throughout 2021, the likelihood that tenants may request additional rent deferrals, rent concessions or default increases. Additionally, if tenants vacate due to lease expirations, redeployment of the vacated space may be challenging in the Dallas and Los Angeles metro areas. Elevated vacancy in the Houston metro area is expected to return to the market average in 2020near term due to future lease inceptions scheduled to begin duringunfavorable leasing conditions, though demand for industrial space has been relatively steady throughout the first and second quarters of 2020.pandemic.
| Account Square Foot Weighted Average Vacancy | Market Vacancy* | |||||||||||||
| Top 5 Industrial Metropolitan Areas | Total Sector by Metro Area ($M) | % of Total Investments | 2019 Q4 | 2019 Q3 | 2019 Q4 | 2019 Q3 | ||||||||
| Account / Nation | 4.7% | 4.5% | 7.2% | 7.2% | ||||||||||
| Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA | $ | 972.8 | 3.3% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 6.2% | 5.7% | |||||||
| Tacoma-Lakewood, WA | 394.5 | 1.3% | 2.9% | 2.9% | 5.3% | 5.7% | ||||||||
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA | 376.5 | 1.3% | 5.1% | 2.8% | 4.5% | 4.3% | ||||||||
| Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX | 304.5 | 1.0% | 8.5% | 5.3% | 8.2% | 8.4% | ||||||||
| Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX | 272.6 | 0.9% | 16.0% | 16.8% | 9.7% | 9.5% | ||||||||
| Account Square Foot Weighted Average Vacancy | Market Vacancy* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Top 5 Industrial Metropolitan Areas | Total Sector by Metro Area ($M) | % of Total Investments | 2020 Q4 | 2020 Q3 | 2020 Q4 | 2020 Q3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Account / Nation | 9.1% | 9.1% | 5.6% | 5.7% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA | $ | 1,054.0 | 4.1% | 13.8% | 13.8% | 3.7% | 3.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA | 418.3 | 1.6% | 2.9% | 2.9% | 5.3% | 5.4% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA | 394.7 | 1.5% | 7.1% | 5.7% | 3.3% | 3.2% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX | 333.8 | 1.3% | 3.9% | 4.9% | 7.1% | 6.8% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL | 278.9 | 1.1% | 0.8% | —% | 5.4% | 5.9% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
*Source: CBRE-EA. CBRE-EA considers Tacoma part of the Seattle industrial market.CoStar. Market availability rates reflect the Seattle total. Market availabilityvacancy is defined as the percentage of space available for rent. The Account's vacancy is the square foot-weighted percentage of unleased space.
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Multi-Family
Apartment demand is generateddriven by a combination of economic and demographic and socio-economic factorsforces including job growth, household formations, and trendschanges in the U.S. homeownership rate. Lost wages due to the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a demand for more affordable housing inventory and young adults found themselves moving back home to financially weather the recession. Urban submarkets were impacted more than suburban submarkets as amenities normally associated with urban living became limited (i.e. entertainment, restaurants/bars, public transit) and people desired areas with more living space as they began spending more time at home. Student housing properties are also challenged by the pandemic, as many universities utilize remote learning options for the 2020-2021 school year. The multi-family sector is expected to rebound in 2021, with suburban submarkets leading the recovery.
The national apartment vacancy rate increasedremained unchanged from third quarter to 4.3%fourth quarter 2020, holding at 4.2%, as reported by RealPage. This can be attributed to low vacancy and moderate growth in the fourth quarter, up from a historically low 3.7% vacancy rate achieved in the third quarter, according to RealPage. Strong job growth, wage growth and delayed deliveries have helped sustain strong occupancy.
As of December 31, 2020, the fourth quarter was primarily attributed to three acquisitions duringAccount's rents from multifamily tenants were not materially affected, but the quarter with vacancy rates slightly aboveduration of the Account average. The elevated vacancy inCOVID-19 pandemic remains unknown. If the San Diego metro area is attributed to a student housing property whereseverity of the related university modified requirements for students living off-campus, reducingCOVID-19 pandemic persists throughout 2021, the supply of students availablelikelihood that tenants may request rent deferrals, rent concessions or default increases. Additionally, if tenants vacate due to lease space. Vacancy is expected to stabilize at the current level over the near-term due to the change. The Account's overall vacancy among apartments has trended above the market average over the last few quarters, primarily due to renovation efforts at multiple properties across the portfolio to improve the long term valueexpirations, redeployment of the properties. Renovations will continue in 2020 as units become available from expiring leases, which will likely keep overall apartment vacancy higher than the market averagevacated space may be challenging in the near term.term due to unfavorable leasing conditions. Rent concessions for new tenants have moderately increased in recent months, most notably among luxury apartments in densely populated metro areas, as the pandemic has cooled demand for these units.
| Account Units Weighted Average Vacancy | Market Vacancy* | Account Units Weighted Average Vacancy | Market Vacancy* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Top 5 Apartment Metropolitan Areas | Total Sector by Metro Area ($M) | % of Total Investments | 2019 Q4 | 2019 Q3 | 2019 Q4 | 2019 Q3 | Top 5 Apartment Metropolitan Areas | Total Sector by Metro Area ($M) | % of Total Investments | 2020 Q4 | 2020 Q3 | 2020 Q4 | 2020 Q3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Account / Nation | 7.0% | 6.1% | 4.3% | 3.7% | Account / Nation | 8.4% | 8.5% | 4.2% | 4.2% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV | $ | 880.4 | 2.9% | 7.1% | 7.3% | 4.0% | 3.4% | Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV | $ | 748.3 | 2.9% | 7.9% | 7.6% | 5.2% | 4.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA | 695.7 | 2.3% | 7.0% | 8.3% | 3.7% | 3.3% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| New York-Jersey City-White Plains, NY-NJ | 510.1 | 1.7% | 1.8% | 1.7% | 2.5% | 2.3% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA | Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA | 669.8 | 2.6% | 8.6% | 8.9% | 4.5% | 4.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL | Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL | 559.5 | 2.2% | 7.8% | 8.3% | 4.8% | 4.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO | 422.6 | 1.4% | 7.0% | 9.0% | 5.1% | 4.2% | Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO | 413.5 | 1.6% | 5.5% | 7.1% | 5.1% | 4.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| San Diego-Carlsbad, CA | 317.3 | 1.1% | 10.3% | 4.0% | 3.6% | 3.3% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA | New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA | 335.3 | 1.3% | 2.8% | 1.3% | 4.0% | 3.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
*Source: RealPage. Market vacancy is the percentage of units vacant. The Account’s vacancy is the percentage of unleased units.
Retail
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The Account's retail portfolio is composed primarily of high-end lifestyle shopping centers and regional malls in large metropolitan or tourist centers. The retail portfolio is managed proactively to minimize significant exposure to financially compromised retailers.any single retailer. The Account has over 1,100 retailers across its portfolio, with its largest retail exposure comprising less than 5.0% of total retail rentable area. The Account’s retail vacancy rate for the Account's retail portfolio decreasedincreased to 6.1%7.3% in the fourth quarter of 2020 from 6.8%6.9% in the thirdprior quarter, primarilydriven by scheduled lease expirations.
Requests for rent relief were more common among retail tenants than other sectors. Tenants requesting rent relief have generally requested rent deferrals for a limited period of time (i.e., less than six months), with the unpaid rent to be paid over the duration of the remaining lease. If the severity of the COVID-19 pandemic persists throughout 2021, the likelihood that tenants may request additional rent deferrals, rent concessions or default increases. Additionally, if tenants vacate due to the deployment of retail space at onelease expirations, redeployment of the Account's propertiesvacated space may be challenging in California.the near term due to unfavorable leasing conditions. The Account is closely monitoring the collectability of accrued rental income and adjusting its allowances for uncollectible rent as needed.
| Account Square Foot Weighted Average Vacancy | Market Vacancy* | Account Square Foot Weighted Average Vacancy | Market Vacancy* | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total by Retail Type ($M) | % of Total Investments | 2019 Q4 | 2019 Q3 | 2019 Q4 | 2019 Q3 | Total by Retail Type ($M) | % of Total Investments | 2020 Q4 | 2020 Q3 | 2020 Q4 | 2020 Q3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| National Retail | 6.1% | 6.8% | 6.1% | 6.1% | National Retail | 7.3% | 6.9% | 5.1% | 5.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lifestyle & Mall | $ | 2,381.1 | 8.0% | 5.3% | 5.4% | 5.4% | 5.4% | Lifestyle & Mall | $ | 2,099.2 | 8.2% | 7.2% | 7.1% | 6.6% | 6.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Neighborhood, Community & Strip** | 1,410.9 | 4.7% | 7.1% | 8.8% | 8.6% | 8.7% | Neighborhood, Community & Strip** | 1,413.1 | 5.5% | 7.4% | 6.7% | 7.9% | 7.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Power Center** | 606.3 | 2.0% | 5.3% | 2.7% | 7.0% | 7.0% | Power Center** | 602.7 | 2.4% | 7.1% | 6.5% | 5.5% | 5.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
*Source: CBRE-EA.CoStar. Market vacancy is the percentage of space available for rent. The Account's vacancy is the square foot-weighted percentage of unleased space.
**The Power Center designation is reserved for properties with three or more anchor units. Anchor units are leased to large retailers such as department stores, home improvement stores, and warehouse clubs. Properties with the Neighborhood, Community and Strip designation consist of two or less anchor units.
Hotel
The Account purchasedimpact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hospitality sector has been especially severe among hotels that cater primarily to business travelers. Business travel has been curtailed significantly, with travel limited primarily to those who must travel for essential reasons. Business travel is likely to continue to be significantly depressed in the coming months, with businesses shifting to virtual meetings and conferences. Leisure travel has partially recovered domestically, benefiting from the inability of American travelers to travel overseas. All hotel operators are faced with rising costs from measures taken to mitigate the spread of the virus, and few operators are experiencing increases in revenue to offset those costs. The duration and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic remains unknown, and its firstsignificant impact on travel increases the likelihood that hotel investmentrevenues and occupancy rates will continue to be challenged over the near term. Recovery in December 2019.markets with significant drive-to destinations and outdoor attractions, such as beaches and mountains, are expected to be seen later in 2021, while we expect recovery will begin to even out across all markets by 2022 and 2023.
The Account's exposure to the hospitality sector is limited to one hotel in the Dallas metro area. The hotel basedis located in a business park in the Dallas metro area provided the Account an attractive value-add investment opportunity while simultaneously enhancing the value of the Account's existing office investment at the same location.and caters largely to business travelers. Key metrics to track hotel performance include occupancy, the average daily rate ("ADR") and revenue per available room ("RevPAR"). For the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2019,2020, occupancy of the property was 65.2%decreased to 20.2%, andas compared to 24.8% in the previous quarter. ADR and RevPAR were $92.21 and $18.66, respectively, for the fourth quarter of 2020, as compared to $115.86 and $28.70, respectively, in the property were $129.76 and $84.63, respectively. In 2020, the Account will begin a significant renovation of the property to enhance the hotel's performance and overall value.prior quarter.
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INVESTMENTS
As of December 31, 2019,2020, the Account had total net assets of $27.3$23.2 billion, a 5.7% increase14.9% decrease from December 31, 2018.2019.
As of December 31, 2019,2020, the Account held 77.1%88.6% of its total investments in real estate and real estate joint ventures. The Account also held investments in U.S. Treasury securitiesloans receivable, including those with related parties, representing 8.7%6.0% of total investments, loans receivable representing 5.2% of total investments, corporate bonds representing 4.2% of total investments, real estate-related equityU.S. treasury securities representing 2.8%2.3% of total investments, real estate funds representing 1.5% of total investments, a real estate operating business representing 1.0% of total investments and U.S. government agency notes representing 0.7%0.6% of total investments foreign government agency notes representing 0.2% of total investments and municipal bonds representing 0.1% of total investments.
The outstanding principal on loans payable on the Account’s wholly-owned real estate portfolio as of December 31, 20192020 was $2.3 billion. The Account’s proportionate share of outstanding principal on loans payable within its joint venture investments was $3.1$3.0 billion, which is netted against the underlying properties when determining the joint venture investments fair value presented on the Consolidated Schedules of Investments. Total outstanding principal on the Account’s portfolio as of December 31, 2019,2020, inclusive of loans payable within the joint venture investments and any loans outstanding on the unsecured line of credit,a $51.2 million loan collateralized by a loan receivable, was $5.7$5.4 billion, which represented a loan-to-value ratio of 17.1%18.5%.
Management believes that the Account’s real estate portfolio is diversified by location and property type. The Account does not intend to buy and sell its real estate investments simply to make short-term profits. Rather, the Account’s general strategy in selling real estate investments is to dispose of those assets that management believes (i) have maximized in value, (ii) have underperformed or face deteriorating property-specific or market conditions, (iii) need significant capital infusions in the future, (iv) are appropriate to dispose of in order to remain consistent with the Account’s intent to diversify the Account by property type and geographic location (including reallocating the Account’s exposure to or away from certain property types in certain geographic locations), or (v) otherwise do not satisfy the investment objectives of the Account. Management, from time to time, will evaluate the need to manage liquidity in the Account as part of its analysis as to whether to undertake a particular asset sale. The Account may reinvest any sale proceeds that it does not need to pay operating expenses or to meet debt service or redemption requests (e.g., participantcontract owner withdrawals or benefit payments).
The following charts reflect the diversification of the Account's real estate assets by region and property type and the Account's ten largest investments based on fair value at December 31, 2019.2020.
Diversification by Fair Value(1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| West | East | South | Midwest | Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Office | 13.6 | % | 18.7 | % | 5.7 | % | 0.1 | % | 38.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Apartment | 9.8 | % | 6.4 | % | 8.1 | % | 1.1 | % | 25.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retail | 6.4 | % | 3.4 | % | 7.5 | % | 0.8 | % | 18.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Industrial | 9.8 | % | 1.5 | % | 4.9 | % | 0.5 | % | 16.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other(2) | 0.6 | % | 0.4 | % | 0.7 | % | — | % | 1.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 40.2 | % | 30.4 | % | 26.9 | % | 2.5 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Diversification by Fair Value(1) | |||||||||||||||
| West | East | South | Midwest | Total | |||||||||||
| Office | 13.1 | % | 18.8 | % | 5.3 | % | — | % | 37.2 | % | |||||
| Apartment | 10.1 | % | 7.7 | % | 7.4 | % | 1.0 | % | 26.2 | % | |||||
| Retail | 6.9 | % | 3.9 | % | 7.7 | % | 0.8 | % | 19.3 | % | |||||
| Industrial | 9.0 | % | 1.6 | % | 4.7 | % | 0.5 | % | 15.8 | % | |||||
Other(2) | 0.5 | % | 0.4 | % | 0.6 | % | — | % | 1.5 | % | |||||
| Total | 39.6 | % | 32.4 | % | 25.7 | % | 2.3 | % | 100.0 | % | |||||
(2)Represents interests in Storage Portfolio investments, a hotel investment and land. |
Properties in the “West” region are located in: AK, AZ, CA, CO, HI, ID, MT, NM, NV, OR, UT, WA, WY
Properties in the “East” region are located in: CT, DC, DE, KY, MA, MD, ME, NC, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, SC, VA, VT, WV
Properties in the “South” region are located in: AL, AR, FL, GA, LA, MS, OK, TN, TX
Properties in the “Midwest” region are located in: IA, IL, IN, KS, MI, MN, MO, ND, NE, OH, SD, WI
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| Ten Largest Real Estate Investments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property Investment Name | Ownership Percentage | City | State | Type | Gross Real Estate Fair Value(1) | Debt Fair Value(2) | Net Real Estate Fair Value(3) | Property as a % of Total Real Estate Portfolio(4) | Property as a % of Total Investments(5) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fashion Show | 50% | Las Vegas | NV | Retail | $ | 972.4 | $ | 428.4 | $ | 544.0 | 3.8% | 3.4% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1001 Pennsylvania Avenue | 100% | Washington | D.C. | Office | 806.8 | 317.1 | 489.7 | 3.2% | 2.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simpson Housing Portfolio | 80% | Various | U.S.A. | Apartment | 806.6 | 389.1 | 417.5 | 3.2% | 2.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The Florida Mall | 50% | Orlando | FL | Retail | 791.7 | 153.3 | 638.4 | 3.1% | 2.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Colorado Center | 50% | Santa Monica | CA | Office | 610.6 | 280.2 | 330.4 | 2.4% | 2.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ontario Industrial Portfolio | 100% | Ontario | CA | Industrial | 540.4 | — | 540.4 | 2.1% | 1.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 99 High Street | 100% | Boston | MA | Office | 540.2 | 285.0 | 255.2 | 2.1% | 1.9% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lincoln Centre | 100% | Dallas | TX | Office | 467.7 | — | 467.7 | 1.8% | 1.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 701 Brickell Avenue | 100% | Miami | FL | Office | 421.5 | 185.5 | 236.0 | 1.7% | 1.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Four Oaks Place | 51% | Houston | TX | Office | 413.6 | 83.9 | 329.7 | 1.6% | 1.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)The Account's share of the fair value of the property investment, gross of debt.
(2)Debt fair values are presented at the Account's ownership interest.
(3)The Account's share of the fair value of the property investment, net of debt.
(4)Total real estate portfolio is the aggregate fair value of the Account's wholly-owned properties and the properties held within a joint venture, gross of debt.
(5)Total investments are the aggregate fair value of all investments held by the Account, gross of debt. Total investments, as calculated within this table, will vary from total investments, as calculated in the Account's Schedule of Investments, as joint venture investments are presented in the Schedule of Investments at their net equity position in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principals ("GAAP").
Property Investments Acquired in 2020 (millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property Name | Ownership Percentage | Property Type | City | State | Net Purchase Price (less closing costs(1) | Mortgage Debt | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wholly-Owned | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sole at City Center | 100.00% | Apartments | West Palm Beach | FL | $ | 103.6 | $ | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Park Creek Apartments | 100.00% | Apartments | Fort Worth | TX | 41.7 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Warwick Shopping Center(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Warwick | RI | 11.1 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Overlook at King of Prussia(3) | 100.00% | Retail | King of Prussia | PA | 55.1 | 40.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shoppes at Lake Mary(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Lake Mary | FL | 21.0 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Winslow Bay Commons(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Mooresville | NC | 50.9 | 25.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bellevue Place(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Nashville | TN | 7.8 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Eisenhower Crossing(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Macon | GA | 10.1 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pavilion at Turkey Creek(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Knoxville | TN | 49.9 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Town and Country(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Knoxville | TN | 30.1 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Creeks at Virginia Center(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Glen Allen | VA | 41.7 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alexander Place(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Raleigh | NC | 39.9 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Market Square(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Ft. Myers | FL | 20.4 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cypress Trace(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Ft. Myers | FL | 39.7 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Columbiana Station(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Columbia | SC | 43.8 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Village Crossing(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Skokie | IL | 160.7 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Birkdale Village Retail(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Huntersville | NC | 128.9 | 78.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Birkdale Village Apartments(3) | 100.00% | Apartments | Huntersville | NC | 70.8 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
53
| Ten Largest Real Estate Investments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property Investment Name | Ownership Percentage | City | State | Type | Gross Real Estate Fair Value(1) | Debt Fair Value(2) | Net Real Estate Fair Value(3) | Property as a % of Total Real Estate Portfolio(4) | Property as a % of Total Investments(5) | |||||||||||||||
| Fashion Show | 50% | Las Vegas | NV | Retail | $ | 1,119.7 | $ | 427.0 | $ | 692.7 | 4.3% | 3.4% | ||||||||||||
| SITE Centers Corp | 85% | Various | U.S.A. | Retail | 986.2 | 159.2 | 827.0 | 3.8% | 3.0% | |||||||||||||||
| The Florida Mall | 50% | Orlando | FL | Retail | 900.1 | 156.9 | 743.2 | 3.5% | 2.7% | |||||||||||||||
| Simpson Housing Portfolio | 80% | Various | U.S.A. | Apartments | 822.5 | 401.3 | 421.2 | 3.2% | 2.5% | |||||||||||||||
| 1001 Pennsylvania Avenue | 100% | Washington | D.C. | Office | 798.4 | 322.8 | 475.6 | 3.1% | 2.4% | |||||||||||||||
| Colorado Center | 50% | Santa Monica | CA | Office | 632.5 | 277.2 | 355.3 | 2.4% | 1.9% | |||||||||||||||
| 99 High Street | 100% | Boston | MA | Office | 543.7 | 286.3 | 257.4 | 2.1% | 1.7% | |||||||||||||||
| Ontario Industrial Portfolio | 100% | Ontario | CA | Industrial | 506.9 | — | 506.9 | 1.9% | 1.5% | |||||||||||||||
| Four Oaks Place | 51% | Houston | TX | Office | 431.9 | 84.9 | 347.0 | 1.7% | 1.3% | |||||||||||||||
| Lincoln Centre | 100% | Dallas | TX | Office | 413.2 | — | 413.2 | 1.6% | 1.3% | |||||||||||||||
Property Investments Acquired in 2020 (millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property Name | Ownership Percentage | Property Type | City | State | Net Purchase Price (less closing costs(1) | Mortgage Debt | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
River Ridge(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Birmingham | AL | $ | 28.0 | $ | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Woodstock Square(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Woodstock | GA | 33.7 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Newnan Pavilion(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Newnan | GA | 39.7 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Marketplace at Mill Creek(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Buford | GA | 71.5 | 39.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Heritage Pavilion(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Smyrna | GA | 41.6 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fayette Pavilion(3) | 100.00% | Retail | Fayetteville | GA | 88.4 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pacific City(4) | 100.00% | Retail | Huntington Beach | CA | 153.9 | 105.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Midway 840 | 100.00% | Industrial | Mount Juliet | TN | 51.0 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Wholly-Owned | $ | 1,435.0 | $ | 289.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Joint Ventures | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Storage Portfolio III(5) | 90.00% | Storage | Atlanta | GA | $ | 16.4 | $ | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fairfield Tolenas Development | 95.00% | Land | Fairfield | CA | 8.2 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Birkdale Village(7) | 93.00% | Retail | Huntersville | NC | 172.1 | 71.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Juniper MOB Portfolio | 50.00% | Office | Various | U.S.A. | 62.4 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Joint Ventures | $ | 259.1 | $ | 71.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Properties Acquired | $ | 1,694.1 | $ | 361.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Property Investments Acquired in 2019 (millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| Property Name | Ownership Percentage | Property Type | City | State | Net Purchase Price (less closing costs) | Mortgage Debt | |||||||||||
| Wholly-Owned | |||||||||||||||||
| Glen Lake | 100.00% | Apartments | Atlanta | GA | $ | 54.8 | $ | — | |||||||||
| 1600 Broadway | 100.00% | Office | Denver | CO | 109.1 | — | |||||||||||
| Colony Industrial Portfolio | 100.00% | Industrial | Various | Various | 137.0 | — | |||||||||||
| Sole at Brandon | 100.00% | Apartments | Riverview | FL | 77.6 | — | |||||||||||
| District on La Frontera | 100.00% | Apartments | Austin | TX | 73.8 | 44.0 | |||||||||||
| Vista Station Office Portfolio | 100.00% | Office | Draper | UT | 111.2 | 66.0 | |||||||||||
| Riverside 202 Industrial | 100.00% | Industrial | Phoenix | AZ | 29.6 | — | |||||||||||
| Almond Avenue | 100.00% | Land | Fontana | CA | 8.8 | — | |||||||||||
| 350 Washington | 100.00% | Retail | Boston | MA | 134.4 | — | |||||||||||
| Henley at Kingstowne | 100.00% | Apartments | Alexandria | VA | 102.9 | 71.0 | |||||||||||
| 101 Pacific Coast Highway | 100.00% | Office | El Segundo | CA | 96.4 | — | |||||||||||
| Terra House | 100.00% | Apartments | San Jose | CA | 145.4 | — | |||||||||||
| Lincoln Centre - Hilton Dallas | 100.00% | Hotel | Dallas | TX | 74.4 | — | |||||||||||
| Creekside Alta Loma | 100.00% | Apartments | Rancho Cucamonga | CA | 85.3 | — | |||||||||||
| Total Wholly-Owned | $ | 1,240.7 | $ | 181.0 | |||||||||||||
Property Investments Sold in 2020 (millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property Name | Ownership Percentage | Property Type | City | State | Net Sales Price (less selling expense)(2) | Mortgage Loan Payoff | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wholly-Owned | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| The Woodley | 100.00% | Apartments | Washington | D.C. | $ | 176.7 | $ | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beltway North Commerce Center | 100.00% | Industrial | Houston | TX | 29.8 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 250 North 10th Street | 100.00% | Apartments | Brooklyn | NY | 137.1 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Colony Industrial Portfolio(6) | 100.00% | Industrial | Various | U.S.A. | 159.0 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Birkdale Village Retail(7) | 100.00% | Retail | Huntersville | NC | 109.1 | 77.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Birkdale Village Apartments(7) | 100.00% | Apartments | Huntersville | NC | 74.8 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Wholly-Owned | $ | 686.5 | $ | 77.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Joint Ventures | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DDRTC Core Retail Fund, LLC(3) | 85.00% | Retail | Various | U.S.A. | $ | 932.8 | $ | 156.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
PC Borrower, LLC(4) | 70.00% | Retail | Huntington Beach | CA | 107.7 | 73.5 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Joint Ventures | $ | 1,040.5 | $ | 230.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Properties Sold | $ | 1,727.0 | $ | 307.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)The net purchase price represents the Account's interest.
(2)The net sales price represents the Account's interest.
(3)On February 19, 2020, the Account purchased the 15% ownership interest of SITE Centers Corp in DDRTC Core Retail Fund, LLC, a joint venture between the Account and SITE Centers Corp. All properties and associated debt formerly held within DDRTC Core Retail Fund, LLC are now wholly-owned by the Account.
(4)On March 9, 2020, the Account purchased the 30% ownership interest of DJM Capital in PC Borrower, LLC, a joint venture between the Account and DJM Capital. The retail property and associated debt formerly held within PC Borrower, LLC is now wholly-owned by the Account.
(5)Partial acquisition.
(6)Of the 15 properties held in Colony Industrial Portfolio, 14 were sold in 2020.
(7)On November 19, 2020, the Account sold 7% of its 100% ownership in Birkdale Village, along with debt associated with the property, retaining a 93% ownership in TREA NAP Birkdale Village LLC, a joint venture with North American Properties.
54
Property Investments Acquired in 2019 (millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| Property Name | Ownership Percentage | Property Type | City | State | Net Purchase Price (less closing costs) | Mortgage Debt | |||||||||||
| Joint Ventures | |||||||||||||||||
| The Theory | 97.00% | Apartments | Raleigh | NC | $ | 63.0 | $ | 31.3 | |||||||||
| Storage Portfolio III - Mideast | 90.00% | Storage | Various | Various | 17.9 | — | |||||||||||
| I-35 Logistics Center | 95.00% | Land | Fort Worth | TX | 9.6 | — | |||||||||||
| 101 North Tryon Street | 85.00% | Office | Charlotte | NC | 113.4 | 69.0 | |||||||||||
| Campus Pointe 6 | 45.00% | Office | San Diego | CA | 111.9 | — | |||||||||||
| Campus Pointe 5 | 45.00% | Office | San Diego | CA | 37.2 | — | |||||||||||
| Storage Portfolio III - Southwest | 90.00% | Storage | Various | Various | 18.4 | — | |||||||||||
| Cabana Beach Gainesville | 97.00% | Apartments | Gainesville | FL | 64.4 | 31.9 | |||||||||||
| T-C 4th & Madison, LLC | 51.00% | Office | Seattle | WA | 307.5 | 145.5 | |||||||||||
| 150 Industrial Road | 98.00% | Office | San Carlos | CA | 98.1 | — | |||||||||||
| Total Joint Ventures | $ | 841.4 | $ | 277.7 | |||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 2,082.1 | $ | 458.7 | |||||||||||||
Property Investments Sold in 2019 (millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| Property Name | Ownership Percentage | Property Type | City | State | Net Sales Price (less selling expense)(4) | Mortgage Loan Payoff | |||||||||||
| Wholly-Owned | |||||||||||||||||
1858 Meca Way(1) | 100.00% | Industrial | Norcross | GA | $ | 2.9 | $ | — | |||||||||
| 55 Second Street | 100.00% | Office | San Francisco | CA | 400.1 | 137.5 | |||||||||||
| Township Apartments | 100.00% | Apartment | Redwood City | CA | 88.1 | 49.0 | |||||||||||
| Fourth and Madison | 100.00% | Office | Seattle | WA | 602.8 | 285.4 | |||||||||||
| 425 Park Avenue | 100.00% | Ground Lease | New York | NY | 598.6 | — | |||||||||||
Weston Business Center - Building B(2) | 100.00% | Industrial | Weston | FL | 31.7 | — | |||||||||||
| 12910 Mulberry Drive Industrial | 100.00% | Industrial | Whittier | CA | 26.8 | — | |||||||||||
| Total Wholly-Owned | $ | 1,751.0 | $ | 471.9 | |||||||||||||
| Joint Ventures | |||||||||||||||||
Westside Centre(3) | 85.00% | Retail | Huntsville | AL | $ | 29.8 | $ | — | |||||||||
Barrett Pavilion(3) | 85.00% | Retail | Kennesaw | GA | 35.2 | — | |||||||||||
| Total Joint Ventures | $ | 65.0 | $ | — | |||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 1,816.0 | $ | 471.9 | |||||||||||||
Results of Operations
Year Ended December 31, 20192020 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 20182019
Years Ended December 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | $ | % | ||||||||||||
| INVESTMENT INCOME | |||||||||||||||
| Real estate income, net | |||||||||||||||
| Rental income | $ | 1,103.5 | $ | 1,083.2 | $ | 20.3 | 1.9 | % | |||||||
| Real estate property level expenses: | |||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses | 237.5 | 228.6 | 8.9 | 3.9 | % | ||||||||||
| Real estate taxes | 187.4 | 178.9 | 8.5 | 4.8 | % | ||||||||||
| Interest expense | 105.7 | 113.9 | (8.2 | ) | (7.2 | )% | |||||||||
| Total real estate property level expenses | 530.6 | 521.4 | 9.2 | 1.8 | % | ||||||||||
| Real estate income, net | 572.9 | 561.8 | 11.1 | 2.0 | % | ||||||||||
| Income from real estate joint ventures and funds | 214.0 | 204.7 | 9.3 | 4.5 | % | ||||||||||
| Interest | 173.0 | 120.4 | 52.6 | 43.7 | % | ||||||||||
| Dividends | 23.2 | 50.8 | (27.6 | ) | (54.3 | )% | |||||||||
| TOTAL INVESTMENT INCOME | 983.1 | 937.7 | 45.4 | 4.8 | % | ||||||||||
| Expenses | |||||||||||||||
| Investment management charges | 68.1 | 62.1 | 6.0 | 9.7 | % | ||||||||||
| Administrative charges | 50.0 | 50.9 | (0.9 | ) | (1.8 | )% | |||||||||
| Distribution charges | 31.7 | 28.0 | 3.7 | 13.2 | % | ||||||||||
| Mortality and expense risk charges | 1.3 | 1.3 | — | — | % | ||||||||||
| Liquidity guarantee charges | 57.8 | 50.5 | 7.3 | 14.5 | % | ||||||||||
| TOTAL EXPENSES | 208.9 | 192.8 | 16.1 | 8.4 | % | ||||||||||
| INVESTMENT INCOME, NET | $ | 774.2 | $ | 744.9 | $ | 29.3 | 3.9 | % | |||||||
| Rental Income | Operating Expenses | Real Estate Taxes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change | Change | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | $ | % | 2019 | 2018 | $ | % | 2019 | 2018 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Same Property | $ | 914.3 | $ | 893.6 | $ | 20.7 | 2.3 | % | $ | 193.5 | $ | 191.0 | $ | 2.5 | 1.3 | % | $ | 156.2 | $ | 153.0 | $ | 3.2 | 2.1 | % | ||||||||||||
| Properties Acquired | 118.4 | 37.5 | 80.9 | N/M | 29.9 | 8.1 | 21.8 | N/M | 20.8 | 6.7 | 14.1 | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Properties Sold | 70.8 | 152.1 | (81.3 | ) | N/M | 14.1 | 29.5 | (15.4 | ) | N/M | 10.4 | 19.2 | (8.8 | ) | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of Properties Acquired/Sold | 189.2 | 189.6 | (0.4 | ) | N/M | 44.0 | 37.6 | 6.4 | N/M | 31.2 | 25.9 | 5.3 | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Property Portfolio | $ | 1,103.5 | $ | 1,083.2 | $ | 20.3 | 1.9 | % | $ | 237.5 | $ | 228.6 | $ | 8.9 | 3.9 | % | $ | 187.4 | $ | 178.9 | $ | 8.5 | 4.8 | % | ||||||||||||
Years Ended December 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | $ | % | ||||||||||||
| NET REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN (LOSS) ON INVESTMENTS AND LOANS PAYABLE | |||||||||||||||
| Net realized gain (loss) on investments: | |||||||||||||||
| Real estate properties | $ | 583.1 | $ | 242.7 | $ | 340.4 | N/M | ||||||||
| Real estate joint ventures and funds | (114.4 | ) | 75.9 | (190.3 | ) | N/M | |||||||||
| Marketable securities | 301.1 | 12.8 | 288.3 | N/M | |||||||||||
| Loans payable | — | (0.4 | ) | 0.4 | N/M | ||||||||||
| Total realized gain on investments: | 769.8 | 331.0 | 438.8 | N/M | |||||||||||
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on: | |||||||||||||||
| Real estate properties | (56.8 | ) | 73.1 | (129.9 | ) | N/M | |||||||||
| Real estate joint ventures and funds | 50.3 | 55.5 | (5.2 | ) | (9.4 | )% | |||||||||
| Marketable securities | 0.7 | (103.0 | ) | 103.7 | N/M | ||||||||||
| Loans receivable | (3.8 | ) | 0.3 | (4.1 | ) | N/M | |||||||||
| Loans receivable with related parties | (0.3 | ) | — | (0.3 | ) | N/M | |||||||||
| Loans payable | (107.1 | ) | 79.8 | (186.9 | ) | N/M | |||||||||
| Net change in unrealized (depreciation) appreciation on investments and loans payable | (117.0 | ) | 105.7 | (222.7 | ) | N/M | |||||||||
| NET REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN ON INVESTMENTS AND LOANS PAYABLE | $ | 652.8 | $ | 436.7 | $ | 216.1 | 49.5 | % | |||||||
Net Investment Income
The following table shows the results of operations for the years ended December 31, 20182020 and 20172019 and the dollar and percentage changes for those periods (millions).
Years Ended December 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||
| 2018 | 2017 | $ | % | ||||||||||||
| INVESTMENT INCOME | |||||||||||||||
| Real estate income, net | |||||||||||||||
| Rental income | $ | 1,083.2 | $ | 1,059.6 | $ | 23.6 | 2.2 | % | |||||||
| Real estate property level expenses: | |||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses | 228.6 | 221.2 | 7.4 | 3.3 | % | ||||||||||
| Real estate taxes | 178.9 | 166.7 | 12.2 | 7.3 | % | ||||||||||
| Interest expense | 113.9 | 89.7 | 24.2 | 27.0 | % | ||||||||||
| Total real estate property level expenses | 521.4 | 477.6 | 43.8 | 9.2 | % | ||||||||||
| Real estate income, net | 561.8 | 582.0 | (20.2 | ) | (3.5 | )% | |||||||||
| Income from real estate joint ventures and limited partnerships | 204.7 | 214.1 | (9.4 | ) | (4.4 | )% | |||||||||
| Interest | 120.4 | 54.1 | 66.3 | 122.6 | % | ||||||||||
| Dividends | 50.8 | 26.3 | 24.5 | 93.2 | % | ||||||||||
| TOTAL INVESTMENT INCOME | 937.7 | 876.5 | 61.2 | 7.0 | % | ||||||||||
| Expenses | |||||||||||||||
| Investment management charges | 62.1 | 72.0 | (9.9 | ) | (13.8 | )% | |||||||||
| Administrative charges | 50.9 | 59.3 | (8.4 | ) | (14.2 | )% | |||||||||
| Distribution charges | 28.0 | 25.7 | 2.3 | 8.9 | % | ||||||||||
| Mortality and expense risk charges | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.1 | 8.3 | % | ||||||||||
| Liquidity guarantee charges | 50.5 | 47.0 | 3.5 | 7.4 | % | ||||||||||
| TOTAL EXPENSES | 192.8 | 205.2 | (12.4 | ) | (6.0 | )% | |||||||||
| INVESTMENT INCOME, NET | $ | 744.9 | $ | 671.3 | $ | 73.6 | 11.0 | % | |||||||
| Years Ended December 31, | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| INVESTMENT INCOME | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate income, net | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rental income | $ | 1,192.6 | $ | 1,103.5 | $ | 89.1 | 8.1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate property level expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses | 261.1 | 237.5 | 23.6 | 9.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate taxes | 209.2 | 187.4 | 21.8 | 11.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 97.5 | 105.7 | (8.2) | (7.8) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total real estate property level expenses | 567.8 | 530.6 | 37.2 | 7.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate income, net | 624.8 | 572.9 | 51.9 | 9.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from real estate joint ventures and funds | 157.2 | 214.0 | (56.8) | (26.5) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest | 105.7 | 173.0 | (67.3) | (38.9) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends | 18.0 | 23.2 | (5.2) | (22.4) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| TOTAL INVESTMENT INCOME | 905.7 | 983.1 | (77.4) | (7.9) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment management charges | 65.3 | 68.1 | (2.8) | (4.1) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Administrative charges | 48.5 | 50.0 | (1.5) | (3.0) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Distribution charges | 26.5 | 31.7 | (5.2) | (16.4) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortality and expense risk charges | 1.2 | 1.3 | (0.1) | (7.7) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Liquidity guarantee charges | 59.4 | 57.8 | 1.6 | 2.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| TOTAL EXPENSES | 200.9 | 208.9 | (8.0) | (3.8) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| INVESTMENT INCOME, NET | $ | 704.8 | $ | 774.2 | $ | (69.4) | (9.0) | % | ||||||||||||||||||
The table below illustrates and compares rental income, operating expenses and real estate taxes for properties held by the Account for the entirety of each respective year, "same property," as compared to the comparative increases or decreases associated with the acquisition and disposition of properties throughout each respective year.
| Rental Income | Operating Expenses | Real Estate Taxes | Rental Income | Operating Expenses | Real Estate Taxes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change | Change | Change | Change | Change | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2018 | 2017 | $ | % | 2018 | 2017 | $ | % | 2018 | 2017 | $ | % | 2020 | 2019 | $ | % | 2020 | 2019 | $ | % | 2020 | 2019 | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Same Property | $ | 922.7 | $ | 912.0 | $ | 10.7 | 1.2 | % | $ | 197.9 | $ | 191.6 | $ | 6.3 | 3.3 | % | $ | 154.7 | $ | 145.9 | $ | 8.8 | 6.0 | % | Same Property | $ | 976.4 | $ | 977.4 | $ | (1.0) | (0.1) | % | $ | 214.6 | $ | 212.1 | $ | 2.5 | 1.2 | % | $ | 175.4 | $ | 172.5 | $ | 2.9 | 1.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Properties Acquired | 81.7 | 13.4 | 68.3 | N/M | 17.2 | 1.8 | 15.4 | N/M | 14.0 | 2.0 | 12.0 | N/M | Properties Acquired | 187.8 | 22.2 | 165.6 | N/M | 41.7 | 4.9 | 36.8 | N/M | 30.5 | 3.4 | 27.1 | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Properties Sold | 78.8 | 134.2 | (55.4 | ) | N/M | 13.5 | 27.8 | (14.3 | ) | N/M | 10.2 | 18.8 | (8.6 | ) | N/M | Properties Sold | 28.4 | 103.9 | (75.5) | — | 4.8 | 20.5 | (15.7) | — | 3.3 | 11.5 | (8.2) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of Properties Acquired/Sold | 160.5 | 147.6 | 12.9 | N/M | 30.7 | 29.6 | 1.1 | N/M | 24.2 | 20.8 | 3.4 | N/M | Impact of Properties Acquired/Sold | 216.2 | 126.1 | 90.1 | 71.5 | % | 46.5 | 25.4 | 21.1 | — | 33.8 | 14.9 | 18.9 | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Property Portfolio | $ | 1,083.2 | $ | 1,059.6 | $ | 23.6 | 2.2 | % | $ | 228.6 | $ | 221.2 | $ | 7.4 | 3.3 | % | $ | 178.9 | $ | 166.7 | $ | 12.2 | 7.3 | % | Total Property Portfolio | $ | 1,192.6 | $ | 1,103.5 | $ | 89.1 | 8.1 | % | $ | 261.1 | $ | 237.5 | $ | 23.6 | 9.9 | % | $ | 209.2 | $ | 187.4 | $ | 21.8 | 11.6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
N/M—Not meaningful
55
Rental Income:
Rental income increased $23.6$89.1 million, or 2.2%8.1%, as a result ofprimarily driven by net acquisition activity, and an increaseoffset slightly by declines in income generated byfrom retail properties resulting from shut-downs related to the Account's properties. The increase in income was driven by rising market rents, expiring rent concessions and improved occupancy. The largest increases were concentrated in the apartment and industrial sectors of the Western region, most notably in California.COVID-19 pandemic.
Operating Expenses:
Operating expenses increased $7.4$23.6 million, or 3.3%9.9%, asprimarily attributed to net acquisition activity and modest increases to expenses across the apartment and industrial portfolios. These increases were partially offset by a result of increasesdecline in operating expenses paired with the impact of net acquisition activity. Increases in operating expenses among the Account's largestrelated to office properties, were a key driver, as well as modest increases acrossmany still remain closed due to the Account's apartment portfolio. Operating expenses as a percentage of rental income remained relatively flat year-over-year.COVID-19 pandemic with plans to continue working remotely into 2021.
Real Estate Taxes:
Real estate taxes increased $12.2$21.8 million, or 7.3%11.6%, primarily attributed to net acquisition activity as a result ofwell as rising property tax assessments across the Account's portfolio, most notably within the office and apartment sectors coupled with net acquisition activity.sectors.
Interest Expense:
Interest expense increased $24.2decreased $8.2 million, or 27.0%7.8%, primarily due to highera lower average interest rate on outstanding principal balances on mortgageof loans outstanding.payable as compared to the same period in 2019.
Income from Real Estate Joint Ventures and Limited Partnerships:Funds:
Income from real estate joint ventures and limited partnershipsfunds decreased $9.4$56.8 million, or 4.4%26.5%, which is attributed primarily to the full acquisition of DDRTC Core Retail Fund LLC in the first quarter of 2020, which changed balance sheet classification from joint venture to wholly-owned, paired with a decline in income from multiple retail investments, which have struggled during the year due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Interest and dividend income:
Interest income decreased $67.3 million, primarily attributed to the reduction of short-term securities held by the Account. Dividend income decreased $5.2 million due to the Account selling its remaining REIT holdings.
Expenses:
Investment management, administrative and distribution charges are costs associated with managing the Account. Investment advisory charges are comprised primarily of fixed components, but fluctuate based on the size of the Account’s portfolio of investments, whereas administrative and distribution charges are comprised of more variable components that generally correspond with movements in net assets. The expenses decreased $9.5 million, or 6.3% from the prior year, consistent with the overall decrease of the Account's net assets.
Mortality and expense risk and liquidity guarantee expenses are contractual charges to the Account from TIAA for TIAA’s assumption of these risks and provision of the liquidity guarantee. The rate for these charges is established annually and are charged at a fixed rate based on the Account’s net assets. These expenses increased $1.5 million, or 2.5%, as a result of the four basis point increase to the expense charge for the liquidity guarantee in 2019, which became effective on August 1, 2019, partially offset by the decline in average net assets.
56
Net Realized and Unrealized Gains and Losses on Investments and Loans Payable
The following table shows the net realized and unrealized (losses) gains on investments and loans payable for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 and the dollar and percentage changes for those periods (millions).
| Years Ended December 31, | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2020 | 2019 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| NET REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN (LOSS) ON INVESTMENTS AND LOANS PAYABLE | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net realized gain (loss) on investments: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate properties | $ | (52.8) | $ | 583.1 | $ | (635.9) | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate joint ventures and funds | (460.5) | (114.4) | (346.1) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketable securities | 103.0 | 301.1 | (198.1) | (65.8) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans receivable | (1.6) | — | (1.6) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| TOTAL REALIZED (LOSS) GAIN ON INVESTMENTS | (411.9) | 769.8 | (1,181.7) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate properties | (296.1) | (56.8) | (239.3) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate joint ventures and funds | (40.8) | 50.3 | (91.1) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate operating business | (0.2) | — | (0.2) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketable securities | (148.1) | 0.7 | (148.8) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans receivable | (33.0) | (3.8) | (29.2) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans receivable with related parties | 0.4 | (0.3) | 0.7 | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans payable | (3.1) | (107.1) | 104.0 | (97.1) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| NET CHANGE IN UNREALIZED DEPRECIATION ON INVESTMENTS AND LOANS PAYABLE | (520.9) | (117.0) | (403.9) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| NET REALIZED AND UNREALIZED (LOSS) GAIN ON INVESTMENTS AND LOANS PAYABLE | $ | (932.8) | $ | 652.8 | $ | (1,585.6) | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||
N/M—Not meaningful
Real Estate Properties:
Wholly-owned real estate investments experienced net realized and unrealized losses of $348.9 million during 2020, compared to gains of $526.3 million during 2019. Net losses within the portfolio were driven by the continued uncertainty in the real estate market due to concerns about occupancy, market rent, and other unfavorable consequences stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic. The largest declines were observed in the Northeast office sector and the Western and Eastern retail sector, although losses were experienced throughout the sector as a whole.
Real Estate Joint Ventures and Funds:
Real estate joint ventures and funds incurred net realized and unrealized losses of $501.3 million in 2020, compared to $64.1 million in net losses during 2019. Net losses are primarily attributed to the disposition of the DDRTC Core Retail Fund LLC joint venture investment in the first quarter of 2020.
Marketable Securities:
The Account’s marketable securities positions experienced net realized and unrealized losses of $45.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to net realized and unrealized gains of $301.8 million for 2019. The performance of the Account’s REIT portfolio was generally in line with the FTSE NAREIT All Equity REITs Index during the year. U.S. Treasuries, government agency notes and investment-grade corporate bonds had a nominal impact in both periods due to the short and intermediate-term nature of these investments, respectively.
Loans Receivable, including those with related parties:
Loans receivable, including loans receivable with related parties, experienced net realized and unrealized losses of $34.2 million during the 2020 compared to losses of $4.1 million in 2019. Net losses are attributed to uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, as the market has growing concern that cash flow from real estate collateral will be insufficient to cover debt service, most notably mezzanine loans collateralized by office and hospitality properties.
57
Loans Payable:
Loans payable experienced unrealized losses of $3.1 million during 2020, compared to unrealized losses of $107.1 million during 2019. The first half of 2020 saw unrealized gains, attributed to widening credit spreads in response to the market instability introduced by the COVID-19 pandemic, most notably at the beginning of the pandemic. However, during the third quarter of 2020, credit spreads began to narrow and continued to narrow into the fourth quarter, resulting in overall unrealized losses for the year.
Year Ended December 31, 2019 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2018
Net Investment Income
The following table shows the results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 and the dollar and percentage changes for those periods (millions).
| Years Ended December 31, | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| INVESTMENT INCOME | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate income, net | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rental income | $ | 1,103.5 | $ | 1,083.2 | $ | 20.3 | 1.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate property level expenses: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating expenses | 237.5 | 228.6 | 8.9 | 3.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate taxes | 187.4 | 178.9 | 8.5 | 4.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 105.7 | 113.9 | (8.2) | (7.2) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total real estate property level expenses | 530.6 | 521.4 | 9.2 | 1.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate income, net | 572.9 | 561.8 | 11.1 | 2.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from real estate joint ventures and funds | 214.0 | 204.7 | 9.3 | 4.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest | 173.0 | 120.4 | 52.6 | 43.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends | 23.2 | 50.8 | (27.6) | (54.3) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| TOTAL INVESTMENT INCOME | 983.1 | 937.7 | 45.4 | 4.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investment management charges | 68.1 | 62.1 | 6.0 | 9.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Administrative charges | 50.0 | 50.9 | (0.9) | (1.8) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Distribution charges | 31.7 | 28.0 | 3.7 | 13.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Mortality and expense risk charges | 1.3 | 1.3 | — | — | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Liquidity guarantee charges | 57.8 | 50.5 | 7.3 | 14.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| TOTAL EXPENSES | 208.9 | 192.8 | 16.1 | 8.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| INVESTMENT INCOME, NET | $ | 774.2 | $ | 744.9 | $ | 29.3 | 3.9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
The table below illustrates and compares rental income, operating expenses and real estate taxes for properties held by the Account for the entirety of each respective year, "same property," as compared to the comparative increases or decreases associated with the acquisition and disposition of properties throughout each respective year.
| Rental Income | Operating Expenses | Real Estate Taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change | Change | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | $ | % | 2019 | 2018 | $ | % | 2019 | 2018 | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Same Property | $ | 914.3 | $ | 893.6 | $ | 20.7 | 2.3 | % | $ | 193.5 | $ | 191.0 | $ | 2.5 | 1.3 | % | $ | 156.2 | $ | 153.0 | $ | 3.2 | 2.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Properties Acquired | 118.4 | 37.5 | 80.9 | N/M | 29.9 | 8.1 | 21.8 | N/M | 20.8 | 6.7 | 14.1 | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Properties Sold | 70.8 | 152.1 | (81.3) | N/M | 14.1 | 29.5 | (15.4) | N/M | 10.4 | 19.2 | (8.8) | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Impact of Properties Acquired/Sold | 189.2 | 189.6 | (0.4) | N/M | 44.0 | 37.6 | 6.4 | N/M | 31.2 | 25.9 | 5.3 | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Property Portfolio | $ | 1,103.5 | $ | 1,083.2 | $ | 20.3 | 1.9 | % | $ | 237.5 | $ | 228.6 | $ | 8.9 | 3.9 | % | $ | 187.4 | $ | 178.9 | $ | 8.5 | 4.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
N/M—Not meaningful
58
Rental Income:
Rental income increased $20.3 million, or 1.9%, driven by rising market rents, scheduled lease step-ups and declining rent concessions as compared to the previous year. The largest increases were concentrated in the office and and industrial sectors in the West and Northeast regions, most notably in cities such as Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Boston.
Operating Expenses:
Operating expenses increased $8.9 million, or 3.9%, primarily attributed to net acquisition activity coupled with rising pricing for services such as groundskeeping, security, and property maintenance. The U.S. labor market continues to support wage inflation, and the rising pricing reflects vendors' efforts to pass along such costs.
Real Estate Taxes:
Real estate taxes increased $8.5 million, or 4.8%, primarily attributed to net acquisition activity as well as rising property tax assessments across the Account's portfolio, most notably within the office and industrial sectors.
Interest Expense:
Interest expense decreased $8.2 million, or 7.2%, primarily due to lower distributions received in 2018,average outstanding principal balances on outstanding loans.
Income from Real Estate Joint Ventures and Funds:
Income from real estate joint ventures and funds increased $9.3 million, or 4.5%, attributed primarily fromto a large officelarger portfolio of joint venture in Texas. Although distributed income declined year-over-year from the venture, overall income from the venture was flat. Undistributed income will be releasedand real estate fund investments. The increase is also attributed to the Account in future quarters.impact of rising market rents, most notably among the Account's joint venture office investments.
Interest and Dividend Income:
Interest income increased significantly as a result of growth in the Account’s loans receivable portfolio during 2018, which added eleven new loans in 2018. The increase was also$52.6 million, primarily attributed to higher yields on the Account's investments in short term securities such as U.S. Treasuries, due to rising interest rates throughout the year. Dividend income increased due to a larger loan receivable portfolio in 2019 as compared to the prior year. Additional contributing factors include higher average short-term interest rates in 2019 as compared to 2018, and the acquisition of investment-grade corporate bonds midway through 2019. Investment grade corporate bonds provide moderately higher yields than short-term U.S. government securities. Dividend income decreased $27.6 million due to a smaller REIT portfolio and an increase in dividend yields in2019 as compared to 2018.
Expenses:
Investment management, administrative and distribution charges are costs charged to the Account associated with managing the Account. Investment advisory charges are comprised primarily of fixed components, but fluctuate based on the size of the Account’s portfolio of investments, whereas administrative and distribution charges are comprised of more variable components that generally correspond with movements in net assets. TheseThe expenses decreased $16.0increased $8.8 million, or 10.2%,6.2% from the prior year, primarily as resultconsistent with the overall growth of cost reduction efforts by TIAA.
the Account's net assets.
Mortality and expense risk and liquidity guarantee expenses are contractual charges to the Account from TIAA for TIAA’s assumption of these risks and provision of the liquidity guarantee. The rate for these charges is established annually; the current rates are effective May 1, 2018 through April 30, 2019,annually and are charged at a fixed rate based on the Account’s net assets. These expenses increased $3.6$7.3 million or 7.5%14.1% as a result of the increase in overallthe net assets of the Account in additionpaired with a four basis point increase to an increase in the fixed rateexpense charge for the liquidity guarantee from the previous year.effective August 1, 2019.
59
Net Realized and Unrealized Gains and Losses on Investments and Mortgage Loans Payable
The following table shows the net realized and unrealized gains (losses) on investments and mortgage loans payable for the years ended December 31, 20182019 and 20172018 and the dollar and percentage changes for those periods (millions).
| Years Ended December 31, | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2019 | 2018 | $ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| NET REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN (LOSS) ON INVESTMENTS AND LOANS PAYABLE | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net realized gain (loss) on investments: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate properties | $ | 583.1 | $ | 242.7 | $ | 340.4 | N/M | |||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate joint ventures and funds | (114.4) | 75.9 | (190.3) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketable securities | 301.1 | 12.8 | 288.3 | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans payable | — | (0.4) | 0.4 | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total realized gain on investments: | 769.8 | 331.0 | 438.8 | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate properties | (56.8) | 73.1 | (129.9) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate joint ventures and funds | 50.3 | 55.5 | (5.2) | (9.4) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Marketable securities | 0.7 | (103.0) | 103.7 | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans receivable | (3.8) | 0.3 | (4.1) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans receivable with related parties | (0.3) | — | (0.3) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loans payable | (107.1) | 79.8 | (186.9) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net change in unrealized (depreciation) appreciation on investments and loans payable | (117.0) | 105.7 | (222.7) | N/M | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| NET REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN ON INVESTMENTS AND LOANS PAYABLE | $ | 652.8 | $ | 436.7 | $ | 216.1 | 49.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Years Ended December 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||
| 2018 | 2017 | $ | % | ||||||||||||
| NET REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN (LOSS) ON INVESTMENTS AND MORTGAGE LOANS PAYABLE | |||||||||||||||
| Net realized gain (loss) on investments: | |||||||||||||||
| Real estate properties | $ | 242.7 | $ | 42.0 | $ | 200.7 | N/M | ||||||||
| Real estate joint ventures and limited partnerships | 75.9 | (21.9 | ) | 97.8 | N/M | ||||||||||
| Marketable securities | 12.8 | 17.6 | (4.8 | ) | (27.3 | )% | |||||||||
| Mortgage loans payable | (0.4 | ) | — | (0.4 | ) | N/M | |||||||||
| Total realized gain on investments: | 331.0 | 37.7 | 293.3 | N/M | |||||||||||
| Net change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on: | |||||||||||||||
| Real estate properties | 73.1 | 135.5 | (62.4 | ) | (46.1 | )% | |||||||||
| Real estate joint ventures and limited partnerships | 55.5 | 146.8 | (91.3 | ) | (62.2 | )% | |||||||||
| Marketable securities | (103.0 | ) | 50.0 | (153.0 | ) | N/M | |||||||||
| Loans receivable | 0.3 | 1.2 | (0.9 | ) | (75.0 | )% | |||||||||
| Mortgage loans payable | 79.8 | 15.9 | 63.9 | N/M | |||||||||||
| Net change in unrealized appreciation on investments and mortgage loans payable | 105.7 | 349.4 | (243.7 | ) | (69.7 | )% | |||||||||
| NET REALIZED AND UNREALIZED GAIN ON INVESTMENTS AND MORTGAGE LOANS PAYABLE | $ | 436.7 | $ | 387.1 | $ | 49.6 | 12.8 | % | |||||||