UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒ Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For The Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2022

or

☐ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from ____________ to ____________

Commission file number 000-55773

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:  732-367-0129

Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act:

Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐      No ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐      No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒      No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒      No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐      No ☒

There is no established market for the Registrant’s common shares. As of June 30, 2022, the last business day of the most recently completed second quarter, there were 8.2 million shares of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant. On March 15, 2023, the board of directors of the Registrant approved an estimated value per share of the Registrant’s common stock of $10.00 per share derived from the estimated value of the Registrant’s assets less the estimated value of the Registrant’s liabilities divided by the number of shares outstanding, all as of December 31, 2022. For a full description of the methodologies used to value the Registrant’s assets and liabilities in connection with the calculation of the estimated value per share, see Part II, Item 5, “Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities - Market Information.” As of March 15, 2023, there were 8.1 million shares of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

None.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV, INC.

Table of Contents

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This annual report on Form 10-K, together with other statements and information publicly disseminated by Lightstone Value Plus REIT IV, Inc., which was formerly known as Lightstone Real Estate Income Trust, Inc. before September 15, 2021, contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and include this statement for purposes of complying with these safe harbor provisions. Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe our future plans, strategies and expectations, are generally identifiable by use of the words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “project” or similar expressions. You should not rely on forward-looking statements since they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which are, in some cases, beyond our control and which could materially affect actual results, performances or achievements. Factors which may cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations include, but are not limited to, (i) uncertainties regarding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including its impact on our business and the economy generally, (ii) the availability of suitable acquisition/investment opportunities, (iii) financing risks, such as the inability to obtain equity, debt, or other sources of financing on favorable terms, (iv) the level and volatility of interest rates, (v) increases in operating costs and (vii) changes in governmental laws and regulations. Accordingly, there is no assurance that our expectations will be realized.

Forward-looking statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K reflect our management’s view only as of the date of this Report, and may ultimately prove to be incorrect. We undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or changes to future operating results, except as required by applicable law. We intend for these forward-looking statements to be covered by the applicable safe harbor provisions created by Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act.

Cautionary Note

The representations, warranties, and covenants made by us in any agreement filed as an exhibit to this Annual Report on Form 10-K are made solely for the benefit of the parties to the agreement, including, in some cases, for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties to the agreement, and should not be deemed to be representations, warranties, or covenants to or with any other parties. Moreover, these representations, warranties, or covenants should not be relied upon as accurately describing or reflecting the current state of our affairs.

PART I.

ITEM 1. BUSINESS:

General Description of Business

Structure

Lightstone Value Plus REIT IV, Inc. (’‘Lightstone REIT IV’’), which was formerly known as Lightstone Real Estate Income Trust, Inc. before September 15, 2021, is a Maryland corporation, formed on September 9, 2014, which elected to qualify as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes beginning with the taxable year ending December 31, 2016.

Lightstone REIT IV, together with its subsidiaries is collectively referred to as the “Company” and the use of “we,” “our,” “us” or similar pronouns refers to Lightstone REIT IV or the Company as required by the context in which any such pronoun is used.

We have and may continue to seek opportunities to invest in real estate and real estate-related investments. Our real estate investments may include operating properties and development projects and our real estate-related investment may include mezzanine loans, mortgage loans, bridge loans and preferred equity interests, with a focus on development-related investments, including investments intended to finance development or redevelopment opportunities. We may also invest in debt and derivative securities related to real estate assets. A portion of our investments may be secured by or related to properties or entities advised by, or wholly or partially, directly or indirectly owned by The Lightstone Group, LLC (the “Sponsor”), its affiliates or its other sponsored real estate investment programs. Although we expect that most of our investments will be of these various types, we may also invest in whatever types of investments that we believe are in our best interests.

We currently have one operating segment. As of December 31, 2022, we majority owned and consolidated the operating results of Bedford Avenue Holdings LLC (the “Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture”), a joint venture in which we have a 75% membership interest, and held an unconsolidated approximate 33.3% membership interest in 40 East End Ave. Pref Member LLC (the “40 East End Ave. Joint Venture”). We account for our unconsolidated membership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture in accordance with the equity method of accounting.

The Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture owns land parcels located at 353-361 Bedford Avenue in the Williamsburg neighborhood of the borough of Brooklyn in New York City on which it is developing and constructing a 210-room branded hotel (the “Williamsburg Moxy Hotel”). As of December 31, 2022, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel was under construction, but subsequently opened on March 7, 2023. Lightstone Value Plus REIT III, Inc. (“Lightstone REIT III”), a REIT also sponsored by the Sponsor and a related party, owns the other 25% membership interest in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture, which is accounted for as noncontrolling interests in our consolidated financial statements.

The 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, through affiliates, developed and constructed a luxury residential 29-unit condominium project (the “40 East Project”) located at the corner of 81st Street and East End Avenue in the Upper East Side neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, which received its final TCO in March 2020. Through December 31, 2022, 21 of the 29 units in the 40 East End Project have been sold and the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture owns the remaining eight unsold units. SAYT Master Holdco LLC, an entity majority-owned and controlled by David Lichtenstein, who also majority owns and controls the Sponsor, and a related party, owns an approximate 66.7% membership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture.

Our advisor is Lightstone Real Estate Income LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the ’‘Advisor’’), which is majority owned by David Lichtenstein. On September 12, 2014, the Advisor contributed $200,000 to Lightstone REIT IV in exchange for 20,000 shares of common stock (“Common Shares”), or $10.00 per share. Mr. Lichtenstein also is a majority owner of the equity interests of The Lightstone Group, LLC. The Lightstone Group, LLC served as the Sponsor during our initial public offering (the “Offering”) which terminated on March 31, 2017. Mr. Lichtenstein also owns 222,222 Common Shares which were issued on June 15, 2015 for $2.0 million, or $9.00 per share. Subject to the oversight of our board of directors (the “Board of Directors”) and pursuant to the terms of an advisory agreement, the Advisor has the primary responsibility for making investment decisions on our behalf and managing our day-to-day operations. Mr. Lichtenstein also acts as our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. As a result, he exerts influence over but does not control Lightstone REIT IV.

We do not have any employees. The Advisor receives compensation and fees for services related to the investment and management of our assets. The Advisor has certain affiliates which may manage the properties we acquire. However, we may also contract with other unaffiliated third-party property managers.

Our Common Shares are not currently listed on a national securities exchange. We may seek to list our Common Shares for trading on a national securities exchange only if a majority of our independent directors believe listing would be in the best interest of its stockholders. We do not intend to list our shares at this time. We do not anticipate that there would be any market for our Common Shares until they are listed for trading.

On December 16, 2021, our stockholders approved an amendment and restatement to our charter pursuant to which we are no longer required to either (a) amend our charter to extend the deadline to begin the process of achieving a liquidity event, or (b) hold a stockholders meeting to vote on a proposal for an orderly liquidation of our portfolio.

Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Subsidiaries

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries represents Lightstone REIT III’s 25% share of the equity in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture. Income and losses attributable to the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture are allocated to the noncontrolling interest holder based on its ownership percentage.

Related Parties

On March 18, 2016, we and the Sponsor entered into a subordinated unsecured loan agreement (the “Subordinated Agreement”) pursuant to which the Sponsor made aggregate principal advances of $12.6 million to us through March 31, 2017 (the termination date of the Offering). The outstanding principal advances bear interest at a rate of 1.48%, but no interest or principal is due and payable to the Sponsor until holders of our Common Shares have received liquidation distributions equal to their respective net investments (defined as $10.00 per Common Share) plus a cumulative, pre-tax, non-compounded annual return of 8.0% on their respective net investments.

Distributions in connection with a liquidation of the Company initially will be made to holders of our Common Shares until holders of our Common Shares have received liquidation distributions equal to their respective net investments plus a cumulative, pre-tax, non-compounded annual return of 8.0% on their respective net investments. Thereafter, only if additional liquidating distributions are available, we will be obligated to repay the outstanding principal advances and related accrued interest to the Sponsor. In the event that additional liquidation distributions are available after we repay our holders of Common Shares their respective net investments plus their 8% return on investment and then the outstanding principal advances and related accrued interest to the Sponsor, such additional distributions will be paid to holders of our Common Shares and the Sponsor as follows: 85.0% of the aggregate amount will be payable to holders of our Common Shares and the remaining 15.0% will be payable to the Sponsor.

The principal advances and the related interest are subordinate to all of our obligations as well as to the holders of our Common Shares in an amount equal to the shareholder’s net investment plus a cumulative, pre-tax, non-compounded annual return of 8.0% and only potentially payable in the event of a liquidation of the Company.

In connection with the termination of the Offering on March 31, 2017, we and the Sponsor simultaneously terminated the Subordinated Agreement and as a result, the Sponsor is no longer obligated to make any additional principal advances to us. Interest will continue to accrue on the outstanding principal advances and repayment, if any, of the principal advances and related accrued interest will still be made according to the terms of the Subordinated Agreement disclosed above.

As of December 31, 2022, $13.8 million of principal advances and related accrued interest were outstanding.

Our Advisor and its affiliates are related parties. Certain of these entities are entitled to compensation and fees for services related to the investment of our assets during our acquisition, development, operational and liquidation stages. The compensation levels during our acquisition and operational stages are based on percentages of the cost of acquired properties or other investments and the annual revenue earned from such properties or other investments, and other such fees and expense reimbursement outlined in each of the respective agreements.

Primary Investment Objectives

Our primary investment objectives are:

Acquisition and Investment Policies

We have and may continue to seek opportunities to invest in real estate and real estate-related investments. Our real estate investments may include operating properties and development projects and our real estate-related investments may include mezzanine loans, mortgage loans, bridge loans and preferred equity interests, with a focus on development-related investments, including those intended to finance development or redevelopment opportunities. We may also invest in debt and derivative securities related to real estate assets. A portion of our investments may be secured by or related to properties or entities advised by, or wholly or partially, directly or indirectly, owned by, the Sponsor, its affiliates or other real estate investment programs sponsored by it. Although we expect that most of our investments will be of these various types, we may make other investments. In fact, we may invest in whatever types of investments that we believe are in our best interests.

We have and may continue to focus our acquisition and origination activity on real estate properties and real estate-related investments located in the United States, including certain related-party investments generally conducted through joint venture arrangements. We sometimes refer to the foregoing types of investments as our targeted investments. We expect to target investments that generally will offer predictable current cash flow and/or attractive risk-adjusted returns based on the underwriting criteria established and employed by our advisor, which may include the anticipated leverage point, market and economic conditions, the location and quality of the underlying collateral and the borrower’s exit or refinancing plan. Our ability to continue to execute our investment strategy may be enhanced through access to the Sponsor’s extensive experience in both financing and developing real estate projects as well as in buying assets in the open market from third-parties. We have and will continue to seek to build a portfolio that may include some of or all the following investment characteristics: (a) provides current income; (b) is secured by high-quality commercial real estate; (c) includes subordinate capital investments by strong sponsors that support its investments and provide downside protection; and (d) possesses strong structural features that maximize repayment potential, such as a clear exit or refinancing plan by the borrower.

We have and may continue to seek to invest in real estate-related loans and debt securities both by directly originating them and by purchasing them from third-party sellers. Although we generally prefer the benefits of direct origination, situations may arise to purchase real estate-related loans and debt securities, possibly at discounts to par, which compensate for the lack of control or structural enhancements typically associated with directly structured investments.

Financing Strategy and Policies

There is no limitation on the amount we may invest or borrow for the purchase or origination of any single property or investment. Our charter allows us to incur leverage up to 300% of our total “net assets” (as defined in our charter) as of the date of any borrowing, which is generally expected to be approximately 75% of the cost of our investments. We may only exceed this 300% limit if a majority of our independent directors approves each borrowing in excess of this limit and we disclose such borrowing to our stockholders in our next quarterly report along with a justification for the excess borrowing. In all events, we expect that our secured and unsecured borrowings will be reasonable in relation to the net value of our assets and will be reviewed by our Board of Directors at least quarterly.

We do not currently intend to exceed the leverage limit in our charter. We believe that careful use of debt helps us to achieve our diversification goals because we may have more funds available for investment. However, high levels of debt could cause us to incur higher interest charges and higher debt service payments, which would decrease the amount of cash available for distributions, if any, to our investors.

Tax Status

We elected to qualify and be taxed as a REIT commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2016. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our net taxable income that we distribute currently to our stockholders. To maintain our REIT qualification under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, (the “Code”), we must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that we annually distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (which does not equal net income, as calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”)), determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding any net capital gain. If we fail to remain qualified for taxation as a REIT in any subsequent year and do not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, our income for that year will be taxed at the regular corporate rate, and we may be precluded from qualifying for treatment as a REIT for the four-year period following our failure to qualify as a REIT. Such an event could materially adversely affect our net income and net cash available for distribution to our stockholders. Additionally, even if we continue to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we may still be subject to some U.S. federal, state and local taxes on our income and property and to U.S. federal income taxes and excise taxes on our undistributed income, if any.

To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we engage in certain activities through taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”). As such, we are subject to U.S. federal and state income and franchise taxes from these activities.

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, we had no material uncertain income tax positions.

Current Environment

Our operating results are substantially impacted by the overall health of local, U.S. national and global economies and may be influenced by market and other challenges. Additionally, our business and financial performance may be adversely affected by current and future economic and other conditions; including, but not limited to, availability or terms of financings, financial markets volatility, political upheaval or uncertainty, natural and man-made disasters, terrorism and acts of war, unfavorable changes in laws and regulations, outbreaks of contagious diseases, cybercrime, loss of key relationships, inflation and recession.

Our overall performance depends in part on worldwide economic and geopolitical conditions and their impacts on consumer behavior. Worsening economic conditions, increases in costs due to inflation, higher interest rates, certain labor and supply chain challenges, and developments related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and other changes in economic conditions, may adversely affect our results of operations and financial performance.

Competition

The hotel and other commercial real estate markets are highly competitive. This competition could reduce occupancy levels and revenues at our hotel, which would adversely affect our operations. We face competition from many sources. We face competition from other hotels both in the immediate vicinity and the geographic market where our hotel is located. Overbuilding in the hotel industry may increase the number of rooms available and may decrease occupancy and room rates. In addition, increases in operating costs due to inflation may not be offset by increased room rates. We also face competition from nationally recognized hotel brands with which we may not be associated.

We may also compete in markets with other owners and operators of other types of real estate; including retail, office, industrial and residential real estate. The continued development of new retail, office, industrial and residential properties has intensified the competition among owners and operators of these types of real estate in many market areas in which we may operate. We compete based on a number of factors that include location, rental rates, security, suitability of the property’s design to prospective tenants’ needs and the manner in which the property is operated and marketed. The number of competing properties in a particular market could have a material effect on our occupancy levels, rental rates and on the operating expenses of our future properties, if any. 

In addition, we compete with other entities engaged in real estate investment activities to locate suitable properties to acquire and to locate tenants and purchasers for such properties. These competitors include other REITs, specialty finance companies, savings and loan associations, banks, mortgage bankers, insurance companies, mutual funds, institutional investors, investment banking firms, lenders, governmental bodies and other entities. There are also other REITs with asset acquisition objectives similar to ours and others that may be organized in the future. Some of these competitors, including larger REITs, have substantially greater marketing and financial resources than we will have and generally may be able to accept more risk than we can prudently manage, including risks with respect to the creditworthiness of tenants. In addition, these same entities seek financing through similar channels to those sought by us. Therefore, we will compete for institutional investors in a market where funds for real estate investment may decrease.

Competition from these and other third-party real estate investors may limit the number of suitable investment opportunities available to us. It may also result in higher prices, lower yields and a narrower spread of yields over our borrowing costs, making it more difficult for us to acquire new investments on attractive terms. In addition, competition for desirable investments could delay investments, which may in turn reduce our earnings per share and negatively affect our ability make distributions to stockholders.

We believe that our senior management’s experience, coupled with our financing, professionalism, diversity of properties and reputation in the industry enables us to compete with the other real estate investment companies.

Regulations

Our investments are subject to various federal, state and local laws, ordinances, and regulations, including, among other things, zoning regulations, land use controls, and environmental. We believe that we have or will obtain all permits and approvals necessary under current law to operate our investments.

Environmental

As an owner of real estate, we are subject to various environmental laws of U.S. federal, state and local governments. Compliance with existing laws has not had a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations, and management does not believe it will have such an impact in the future. However, we cannot predict the impact of unforeseen environmental contingencies or new or changed laws or regulations on properties in which we hold an interest, or on properties that may be acquired directly or indirectly in the future.

Employees

We do not have employees. We have entered into an advisory agreement with our Advisor pursuant to which our Advisor supervises and manages our day-to-day operations and selects our real estate and real estate related investments, subject to oversight by our Board of Directors. We pay our Advisor fees for services related to the investment, management and development of our assets, and we reimburse our Advisor for certain expenses incurred on our behalf.

Available Information

We electronically file annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports, and proxy statements, with the SEC. Stockholders may obtain copies of our filings with the SEC, free of charge, from the website maintained by the SEC at http://www.sec.gov, or at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F. Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Our office is located at 1985 Cedar Bridge Avenue, Lakewood, NJ 08701. Our telephone number is (732) 367-0129. Our website is www.lightstonecapitalmarkets.com.

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS:

None applicable.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES:

As of December 31, 2022, we majority owned and consolidated the operating results of Bedford Avenue Holdings LLC (the “Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture”), a joint venture in which we have a 75% membership interest, and held an unconsolidated approximate 33.3% membership interest in 40 East End Ave. Pref Member LLC (the “40 East End Ave. Joint Venture”). We account for our unconsolidated membership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture in accordance with the equity method of accounting.

The Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture owns land parcels located at 353-361 Bedford Avenue in the Williamsburg neighborhood of the borough of Brooklyn in New York City on which it is developing and constructing a 210-room branded hotel (the “Williamsburg Moxy Hotel”). As of December 31, 2022, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel was under construction, but subsequently opened on March 7, 2023. Lightstone Value Plus REIT III, Inc. (“Lightstone REIT III”), a REIT also sponsored by the Lightstone Group, LLC (the “Sponsor “) and a related party, owns the other 25% membership interest in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture, which is accounted for as noncontrolling interests in our consolidated financial statements.

The 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, through affiliates, developed and constructed a luxury residential 29-unit condominium project (the “40 East Project”) located at the corner of 81st Street and East End Avenue in the Upper East Side neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, which received its final TCO in March 2020. Through December 31, 2022, 21 of the 29 units in the 40 East End Project have been sold and the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture owns the remaining eight unsold units. SAYT Master Holdco LLC, an entity majority-owned and controlled by David Lichtenstein, who also majority owns and controls the Sponsor, and a related party, owns an approximate 66.7% membership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture.

The following information generally applies to our investments in our real estate properties:

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS:

From time to time in the ordinary course of business, we may become subject to legal proceedings, claims or disputes.  

As of the date hereof, we are not a party to any material pending legal proceedings of which the outcome is probable or reasonably possible to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition, which would require accrual or disclosure of the contingency and possible range of loss.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II.

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES:

Shareholder Information

As of March 15, 2023, we had 8.3 million shares of common stock outstanding, held by a total of 2,013 stockholders. The number of stockholders is based on the records of DST Systems Inc., which serves as our registrar and transfer agent.

Market Information

Our Common Shares are not currently listed on a national securities exchange. We may seek to list our Common Shares for trading on a national securities exchange only if a majority of our independent directors believe listing would be in the best interest of its stockholders. We do not intend to list our shares at this time. We do not anticipate that there would be any market for our Common Shares until they are listed for trading.

On December 16, 2021, our stockholders approved an amendment and restatement to our charter removing the requirement for us to either (a) amend our charter to extend the deadline to begin the process of achieving a liquidity event, or (b) hold a stockholders meeting to vote on a proposal for an orderly liquidation of our portfolio.

Estimated Net Asset Value (“NAV”) and NAV per Share of Common Stock (“NAV per Share”)

On March 15, 2023, our Board of Directors determined and approved our estimated NAV of $84.0 million and resulting estimated NAV per Share of $10.00, both as of December 31, 2022. In connection with our initial public offering (the “Offering”), which terminated on March 31, 2017, the Lightstone Group, LLC (the “Sponsor”) funded an aggregate of $12.6 million of principal advances under a subordinated agreement (the “Subordinated Agreement”). However, in the calculation of our estimated NAV as of December 31, 2022, no allocation of value was made to Subordinated advances – related party because the estimated NAV per Share did not exceed an aggregate $10.00 price per share plus a cumulative, pre-tax non-compounded annual return of 8.0% as of that date. Our estimated NAV and resulting NAV per Share are based upon the estimated fair value of our assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2022 and are effective as of March 15, 2023.

The estimated NAV of our shares was calculated as of a particular point in time.  The estimated NAV of our shares will fluctuate over time in response to developments related to individual assets in the portfolio and the management of those assets and in response to the real estate and finance markets.  There is no assurance of the extent to which the current estimated valuation should be relied upon for any purpose after its effective date regardless that it may be published on any statement issued by us or otherwise.

Process and Methodology

Our business is externally managed by Lightstone Real Estate Income LLC (the “Advisor”), an affiliate of the Lightstone Group, LLC, which provides advisory services to us and we have no employees. Our Advisor, along with any necessary material assistance or confirmation of a third-party valuation expert or service, is responsible for calculating our NAV, which we currently expect will be done on at least an annual basis unless our Common Shares are approved for listing on a national securities exchange. Our Board of Directors will review each estimate of NAV and approve the resulting NAV per Share.

Our estimated NAV per Share as of December 31, 2022 was calculated with the assistance of both our Advisor and Marshall & Steven’s Incorporated (“M&S”), an independent third-party valuation firm engaged by us to assist with the valuation of our assets, liabilities and any allocations of value to the Sponsor’s subordinated advances. Our Advisor recommended and our Board of Directors established the estimated NAV per Share as of December 31, 2022 based upon the analyses and reports provided by our Advisor and M&S. The process for estimating the value of our assets, liabilities and allocations of value to our Sponsor’s subordinated advances is performed in accordance with the provisions of the Investment Program Association (the “IPA”) Practice Guideline 2013-01, “Valuations of Publicly Registered Non-Listed REITs,” issued April 29, 2013. We believe that our valuations were developed in a manner reasonably designed to ensure their reliability.

The engagement of M&S with respect to our NAV per Share as of December 31, 2022 was approved by our Board of Directors, including all of our independent directors. M&S has extensive experience in conducting asset valuations, including valuations of commercial real estate, debt, properties and real estate-related investments.

With respect to our NAV per Share as of December 31, 2022, M&S prepared appraisal reports (the “M&S Appraisal Reports”) summarizing key inputs and assumptions on the two real estate assets (collectively, the “M&S Appraised Real Estate Assets”) in which we held ownership interests as of December 31, 2022.

M&S also prepared a NAV report (the “December 2022 NAV Report”) which summarized the values of our ownership interests in real estate assets, non-real estate assets and liabilities, which were used to calculate our estimated NAV and resulting NAV per Share, all as of December 31, 2022. The December 2022 NAV Report relied upon (i) M&S’s Appraisal Reports for the M&S Appraised Real Estate Assets and (ii) our Advisor’s estimate of the value of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and other assets, mortgage payable and accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities to calculate our estimated NAV and resulting NAV per Share as of December 31, 2022.

The table below sets forth the calculation of our estimated NAV and resulting NAV per Share as of December 31, 2022 as well as the comparable calculation as of December 31, 2021. Certain amounts are reflected net of noncontrolling interests, as applicable.

Use of an Independent Valuation Firm

As discussed above, our Advisor is responsible for calculating our NAV. In connection with determining our NAV, our Advisor may rely on the material assistance or confirmation of a third-party valuation expert or service. In this regard, M&S was selected by our Board of Directors to assist our Advisor in the calculation of our estimated NAV and resulting estimated NAV per Share as of December 31, 2022. M&S services included appraising the M&S Appraised Real Estate Assets and preparing the December 2022 NAV Report. M&S is engaged in the business of appraising commercial real estate properties and is not affiliated with us or the Advisor. The compensation we paid to M&S was based on the scope of work and not on the appraised values of our real estate properties. The appraisals were performed in accordance with the Code of Ethics and the Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice, or USPAP, the real estate appraisal industry standards created by The Appraisal Foundation. The M&S Appraisal Reports were reviewed, approved, and signed by an individual with the professional designation of MAI licensed in the state where each real property is located. The use of the reports is subject to the requirements of the Appraisal Institute relating to review by its duly authorized representatives. In preparing its reports, M&S did not, and was not requested to; solicit third-party indications of interest for our common stock in connection with possible purchases thereof or the acquisition of all or any part of us. In preparing its reports, M&S did not, and was not requested to solicit third-party indications of interest for our common stock in connection with possible purchases thereof or the acquisition of all or any part of us.

M&S collected reasonably available material information that it deemed relevant in appraising these real estate properties. M&S relied in part on property-level information provided by our Advisor, including (i) property historical and projected operating revenues and expenses; and/or (ii) information regarding recent or planned capital expenditures.

In conducting their investigation and analyses, M&S took into account customary and accepted financial and commercial procedures and considerations as they deemed relevant. Although M&S reviewed information supplied or otherwise made available by us or the Advisor for reasonableness, they assumed and relied upon the accuracy and completeness of all such information and of all information supplied or otherwise made available to them by any other party and did not independently verify any such information. M&S assumed that any operating or financial forecasts and other information and data provided to or otherwise reviewed by or discussed with M&S were reasonably prepared in good faith on bases reflecting the then best currently available estimates and judgments of our management, our Board of Directors, and/or the Advisor. M&S relied on us to advise them promptly if any information previously provided became inaccurate or was required to be updated during the period of their review.

In performing its analyses, M&S made numerous other assumptions as of various points in time with respect to industry performance, general business, economic, and regulatory conditions, and other matters, many of which are beyond their control and our control. M&S also made assumptions with respect to certain factual matters. For example, unless specifically informed to the contrary, M&S assumed that our joint ventures have clear and marketable title to each real estate property appraised, that no title defects exist, that any improvements were made in accordance with law, that no hazardous materials are present or were present previously, that no significant deed restrictions exist, and that no changes to zoning ordinances or regulations governing use, density, or shape are pending or being considered. Furthermore, M&S’s analyses, opinions, and conclusions were necessarily based upon market, economic, financial, and other circumstances and conditions existing as of or prior to the date of the M&S Appraisal Reports, and any material change in such circumstances and conditions may affect M&S’s analyses and conclusions. The M&S Appraisal Reports contain other assumptions, qualifications, and limitations that qualify the analyses, opinions, and conclusions set forth therein. Furthermore, the prices at which our ownership interests in the real estate properties may actually be sold could differ from M&S’s analyses.

M&S is actively engaged in the business of appraising commercial real estate properties and real estate related-investments similar to those owned or invested by us in connection with public security offerings, private placements, business combinations, and similar transactions. We do not believe that there are any material conflicts of interest between M&S, on the one hand, and us, the Sponsor, the Advisor, and our affiliates, on the other hand. Our Advisor engaged M&S on behalf of our Board of Directors to deliver their reports to assist in the NAV calculation as of December 31, 2022 and M&S received compensation for those efforts. In addition, we agreed to indemnify M&S against certain liabilities arising out of this engagement. M&S has previously assisted in our prior NAV calculations and has also been engaged by us for certain valuation services with respect to our investments. M&S may from time to time in the future perform other services for us and our Sponsor or other affiliates of the Sponsor, so long as such other services do not adversely affect the independence of M&S as certified in the M&S Appraisal Reports. During the past two years M&S has also been engaged to provide appraisal services to another non-traded REIT sponsored by our Sponsor for which it was paid usual and customary fees.

Although M&S considered any comments received from us and the Advisor relating to their reports, the final estimated fair values for the M&S Appraised Properties were determined by M&S. The reports were addressed to our Board of Directors to assist our Board of Directors in calculating an estimated NAV per Share as of December 31, 2022. The reports were not addressed to the public, may not be relied upon by any other person to establish an estimated NAV per Share, and do not constitute a recommendation to any person to purchase or sell any shares of our common stock.

Our goal in calculating our estimated NAV is to arrive at values that are reasonable and supportable using what we deem to be appropriate valuation methodologies and assumptions. The reports, including the analysis, opinions, and conclusions set forth in such reports, are qualified by the assumptions, qualifications, and limitations set forth in the respective reports. The following is a summary of our valuation methodologies used to value our assets and liabilities by key component:

Real estate assets

As of December 31, 2022, we majority owned and consolidated the operating results of Bedford Avenue Holdings LLC (the “Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture”), a joint venture in which we have a 75% membership interest, and held an unconsolidated approximate 33.3% membership interest in 40 East End Ave. Pref Member LLC (the “40 East End Ave. Joint Venture”). We account for our unconsolidated membership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture in accordance with the equity method of accounting.

The Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture owns land parcels located at 353-361 Bedford Avenue in the Williamsburg neighborhood of the borough of Brooklyn in New York City on which it is developing and constructing a 210-room branded hotel (the “Williamsburg Moxy Hotel”). As of December 31, 2022, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel was under construction, but subsequently opened on March 7, 2023. Lightstone Value Plus REIT III, Inc. (“Lightstone REIT III”), a REIT also sponsored by the Sponsor and a related party, owns the other 25% membership interest in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture, which is accounted for as noncontrolling interests in our consolidated financial statements.

The 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, through affiliates, developed and constructed a luxury residential 29-unit condominium project (the “40 East Project”) located at the corner of 81st Street and East End Avenue in the Upper East Side neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, which received its final TCO in March 2020. Through December 31, 2022, 21 of the 29 units in the 40 East End Project have been sold and the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture owns the remaining eight unsold units. SAYT Master Holdco LLC, an entity majority-owned and controlled by David Lichtenstein, who also majority owns and controls the Sponsor, and a related party, owns an approximate 66.7% membership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture.

Additionally, Lightstone Value Plus REIT I, Inc.(“Lightstone REIT I”), a REIT also sponsored by the Sponsor, made $30.0 million of preferred equity contributions (the “Preferred Contributions”) to a subsidiary of the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, pursuant to an instrument that entitles Lightstone REIT I to monthly preferred distributions at a rate of 12% per annum. No distributions may be paid to the members until the Preferred Contributions are redeemed in full. In December 2019 and February 2020, the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture redeemed an aggregate $13.0 million and $11.0 million of Preferred Contributions, respectively, reducing Lightstone REIT I’s Preferred Contributions to $6.0 million, which remains outstanding as of December 31, 2022.

As described above, we engaged M&S to provide an appraisal of the M&S Appraised Real Estate Assets as of December 31, 2022 consisting of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel and the 40 East End Avenue Project.

In preparing their appraisal reports, the scope of the work performed by M&S included the following procedures, as well other factors:

M&S employed the income approach and/or the sales comparison approach to estimate the value of the appraised properties. The income approach involves an economic analysis of the property based on its potential to provide future net annual income. As part of the valuation, a discounted cash flow analysis (“DCF Analysis”) and/or direct capitalization analysis was used in the income approach to determine the value of our interest in the portfolio. The indicated value by the income approach represents the amount an investor may pay for the expectation of receiving the net cash flow from the property.

The direct capitalization analysis is based upon the net operating income of the property capitalized at an appropriate capitalization rate for the property based upon property characteristics and competitive position and market conditions at the date of the appraisal.

In applying the DCF Analysis, pro forma statements of operations for the property including revenues and expenses are analyzed and projected over a multi-year period or the expected “sell out” period for a condominium project. If applicable, the property is assumed to be sold at the end of the multi-year holding period. If applicable, the reversion value of the property which can be realized upon sale at the end of the holding period is calculated based on the capitalization of the estimated net operating income of the property in the year of sale, utilizing a capitalization rate deemed appropriate in light of the age, anticipated functional and economic obsolescence and competitive position of the property at the time of sale. Net proceeds to owners are determined by deducting appropriate costs of sale. The discount rate selected for the DCF Analysis is based upon estimated target rates of return for buyers of similar properties.

The sales comparison approach utilizes indices of value derived from actual or proposed sales of comparable properties to estimate the value of the subject property. The appraiser analyzed such comparable sale data as was available to develop a market value conclusion for the subject property.

M&S prepared the M&S Appraisal Reports summarizing key inputs and assumptions, for each of the appraised properties using financial information provided by us and our Advisor. From such review, M&S selected the appropriate cash flow discount rate, residual discount rate, and terminal capitalization rate in the DCF Analysis, if applicable, the appropriate capitalization rate in the direct capitalization analysis and the appropriate price per unit in the sales comparison analysis. As for those properties consolidated on our financials, and for which we do not own 100% of the ownership interest, the property value was adjusted to reflect our ownership interest in such property after consideration of the distribution priorities associated with such property.

The estimated values for our investments in real estate may or may not represent current market values and do not equal the book values of our real estate investments in accordance with GAAP. Our consolidated investment in real estate is currently carried in our consolidated financial statements at its amortized cost basis, adjusted for any loss impairments and bargain purchase gains recognized to date. Our unconsolidated investments in real estate are currently accounted for under the cost method of accounting in our consolidated financial statements.

The following summarizes the valuation approaches used for our real estate assets:

Construction in progress:

M&S deemed it appropriate to determine the estimated fair value of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel as December 31, 2022 of $151.0 million using a DCF Analysis taking into consideration the expected net operating income (“NOI”) of the property upon stabilization less the remaining estimated costs to complete. NOI is all gross revenues from the property less all operating expenses, including property taxes and management fees but excluding depreciation.

The following summarizes the key assumptions that were used in the DCF Analysis to estimate the value of our Williamsburg Moxy Hotel as of December 31, 2022:

Accordingly, the estimated fair value of our 75% ownership interest in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel was $113.3 million as of December 31, 2022.

The estimated fair value of our 75% ownership interest in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel of $113.3 million compared to our relative carrying value of $86.0 million, both as of December 31, 2022, equates to an increase in value of 31.7%. 

While we believe that the assumptions utilized in the DCF Analysis are reasonable, a change in these assumptions would affect the calculation of the value of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel. The table below presents the estimated increase or decrease to our estimated NAV per Share resulting from a 25-basis point increase and decrease in the discount rate and capitalization rate used in the DCF Analysis. The table is presented to provide a hypothetical illustration of possible results if only one change in assumptions was made with all other factors remaining constant. Further, each of these assumptions could change by more or less than 25-basis points or not at all.

Investment in unconsolidated affiliated real estate entity:

M&S deemed it appropriate to determine the estimated fair value of the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture’s ownership in the remaining eight unsold units in 40 East End Project as December 31, 2022 of $45.3 million based on a DCF Analysis of the estimated net sales proceeds taking into consideration the expected timing of the sales for the remaining unsold units, as well as the remaining estimated carrying costs. M&S used a discount rate of 5.0% in the DCF Analysis.

While we believe that the assumptions utilized in the DCF Analysis are reasonable, a change in these assumptions would affect the calculation of the value of the 40 East End Avenue Project. However, the estimated increase or decrease to our estimated NAV per Share resulting from both a 25-basis point increase and decrease in the discount rate used in the DCF Analysis would be negligible. These amounts are presented to provide a hypothetical illustration of possible results assuming just a change was made to the discount rate with all other factors remaining constant. Further, the discount rate could change by more or less than 25-basis points or not at all.

As of December 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of our approximate 33.3% ownership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture of approximately $13.2 million was calculated based on the appraised value of the eight remaining unsold units in the 40 East End Project of $45.3 million plus all of the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture’s non-real estate assets, net of $0.3 million; less the preferred member’s equity interest of $6.0 million. The estimated fair value of our approximate 33.3% ownership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture of $13.2 million represented an increase of 1.6% relative to our carrying value of $13.0 million as of December 31, 2022.

Cash and cash equivalents:  The estimated value of our cash and cash equivalents equals its carrying value.

Restricted cash and other assets:  The estimated values of our restricted cash and other assets approximate their carrying values due to their short maturities.

Mortgage payable: We have a mortgage payable that bears interest at a variable rate. The estimated value of our variable-rate mortgage loan was deemed to approximate its carrying value because its interest rate moves in conjunction with changes to market interest rates.

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities:  The carrying values of our accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities were considered to equal their fair value due to their short maturities.

Subordinated advances – related party: Our Subordinated advances –related party, consisting of $12.6 million of principal advances made by our Sponsor under the Subordinated Agreement and the related accrued interest, are classified as a liability on our consolidated balance sheets. However, for purposes of our NAV, we do not estimate their fair value in accordance with GAAP. Rather, the IPA’s Practice Guideline 2013-01provides for adjustments to the NAV for preferred securities, special interests and incentive fees based on the aggregate NAV of the company and payable to the Sponsor in a hypothetical liquidation of the company as of the valuation date in accordance with the provisions of the partnership or Advisory agreements and the terms of the preferred securities. Because our Subordinated advances – related party are only payable to our Sponsor in a liquidation event, we believe they should be valued for our NAV in accordance with these provisions.

Accordingly, no allocations of value are made to our Subordinated advances – related party unless the estimated NAV per Share would have exceeded $10.00 per share plus a cumulative, pre-tax non-compounded annual return of 8.0% as of the indicated valuation date. In connection with our Offering, which terminated on March 31, 2017, our Sponsor funded an aggregate of $12.6 million of principal advances under the Subordinated Agreement. In the calculation of our estimated NAV as of December 31, 2022, no allocation of value was made to our Subordinated advances – related party, because the estimated NAV per Share did not exceed an aggregate $10.00 price per share plus a cumulative, pre-tax non-compounded annual return of 8.0% as of that date.

Historical Estimated NAV and NAV per Share

Additional information on our historical reported estimated NAV and NAV per Share as of December 31, 2021 may be found in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 filed on March 23, 2022.

Limitations and Risks

As with any valuation methodology, the methodology used to determine our estimated NAV and resulting estimated NAV per Share is based upon a number of estimates and assumptions that may prove later not to be accurate or complete. Further, different market participants with different property-specific and general real estate and capital market assumptions, estimates, judgments and standards could derive different estimated NAVs per share, which could be significantly different from the estimated NAV per Share approved by our Board of directors. The estimated NAV per Share approved by our Board of Directors does not represent the fair value of our assets less liabilities in accordance with GAAP, and such estimated NAV per Share is not a representation, warranty or guarantee that:

The Internal Revenue Service and the Department of Labor do not provide any guidance on the methodology an issuer must use to determine its estimated NAV per Share.

FINRA guidance provides that NAV valuations be derived from a methodology that conforms to industry practice.

As with any valuation methodology, our methodology is based upon a number of estimates and assumptions that may not be accurate or complete. Different parties with different assumptions and estimates could derive different estimated NAVs per share, and these differences could be significant. The estimated NAV per Share is not audited and does not represent the fair value of our assets less our liabilities in accordance with GAAP, nor do they represent an actual liquidation value of our assets and liabilities or the price that shares of our common stock would trade at on a national securities exchange. As of the date of this filing, although we have not sought stockholder approval to adopt a plan of liquidation of the Company, certain distributions may be payable to our Sponsor in connection with a liquidation event. Accordingly, our estimated NAV per Share reflects any allocation of value to the Sponsor’s subordinated advances representing the amount that would be payable to the sponsor in connection with a liquidation event pursuant to the guidelines for estimating NAV contained in IPA Practice Guideline 2013-01, “Valuation of Publicly Registered Non-Listed REITs”. Our estimated NAV per Share is based on the estimated value of our assets less the estimated value of our liabilities less any allocations of value to the Sponsor’s subordinated advances divided by the number of our diluted shares of common stock outstanding, all as of the date indicated. Our estimated NAV per Share does not reflect a discount for the fact we are externally managed, nor does it reflect a real estate portfolio premium/discount versus the sum of the individual property values. Our estimated NAV per Share does not take into account estimated disposition costs or fees or penalties, if any, that may apply upon the prepayment of certain of our debt obligations or the impact of restrictions on the assumption of certain debt. Our NAV per Share will fluctuate over time as a result of, among other things, future acquisitions or dispositions of assets, developments related to individual assets and the management of those assets and changes in the real estate and capital markets. Different parties using different assumptions and estimates could derive different NAVs and resulting estimated NAVs per share, and these differences could be significant. Markets for real estate and real estate-related investments can fluctuate and values are expected to change in the future. We currently expect that our Advisor will estimate our NAV on at least an annual basis. Our Board of Directors will review and approve each estimate of NAV.

The following factors may cause a stockholder not to ultimately realize distributions per share of common stock equal to the estimated NAV per Share upon liquidation:

Share Repurchase Program

Our share repurchase program (the “SRP”) may provide our stockholders with limited, interim liquidity by enabling them to sell their Common Shares back to us, subject to restrictions.

On March 25, 2020, the Board of Directors amended the SRP to remove stockholder notice requirements and also approved the suspension of all redemptions.

Effective May 10, 2021, our Board of Directors reopened the SRP only for redemptions submitted in connection with either a stockholder’s death or hardship and set the price for all such purchases at our estimated NAV per Share, as determined by the Board of Directors and reported by the Company from time to time, on the date of redemption. Additionally, beginning on January 1, 2022, any requests for redemptions in connection with a stockholder’s death must be submitted and received by us within one year of the stockholder’s date of death for consideration.

Our Board of Directors has established that on an annual basis we will not redeem in excess of 0.5% of the number of shares outstanding as of the end of the preceding year for either death or hardship redemptions, respectively. Redemption requests are expected to be processed on a quarterly basis and may be subject to pro ration if either type of redemption requests exceed the annual limitation.

For the year ended December 31, 2022, we repurchased 79,324 Common Shares at a weighted average price per share of $8.55 per share. For the year ended December 31, 2021, we repurchased 59,745 Common Shares at a weighted average price per share of $8.50 per share.

Distributions

The Board of Directors commenced declaring and we began paying distributions on our Common Shares at the pro rata equivalent of an annual distribution of $0.80 per share, or an annualized rate of 8.0% assuming a purchase price of $10.00 per share, beginning with the period from June 22, 2015 through November 30, 2015 and monthly thereafter beginning with the month ending December 31, 2015 through the month ending June 30, 2019. Beginning with the month ending July 31, 2019 through the month ending March 31, 2020, the Board of Directors decreased the regular monthly distributions on our Common Shares to the pro rata equivalent of an annual distribution of $0.40 per share, or an annualized rate of 4.0% assuming a purchase price of $10.00 per share. Distributions were payable to stockholders of record at the close of business on the last day of the month-end. All distributions were paid on or about the 15th day of the month following the month-end. On March 25, 2020, the Board of Directors determined to suspend regular monthly distributions.

2020 Special Distribution

On December 21, 2020, the Board of Directors authorized and we declared a special distribution of $0.37 per common share payable to stockholders of record as of December 31, 2020 (the “2020 Special Distribution”). The total 2020 Special Distribution of $3.2 million, which represented a portion of the proceeds generated from asset sales, was paid on or about January 15, 2021.

2021 Special Distribution

On August 9, 2021, the Board of Directors authorized and we declared a special distribution of $0.215 per common share payable to stockholders of record as of September 30, 2021 (the “2021 Special Distribution”). The total 2021 Special Distribution of $1.8 million, which represented a portion of the proceeds generated from asset sales and was paid on or about October 15, 2021.

No distributions were declared or paid during the year ended December 31, 2022. Total distributions declared and paid during the year ended December 31, 2021 were $1.8 million and $5.0 million, respectively.  

Future distributions, if any, declared will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors based on their analysis of our performance over the previous periods and expectations of performance for future periods. The Board of Directors will consider various factors in its determination, including but not limited to, the sources and availability of capital, operating and interest expenses, our ability to refinance near-term debt, as well as the IRS’s annual distribution requirement that REITs distribute no less than 90% of their taxable income. We cannot assure that any future distributions will be made or that we will maintain any particular level of distributions that we have previously established or may establish.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

During the period covered by this Form 10-K, we did not sell any equity securities that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933.

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS:

You should read the following discussion and analysis together with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The following information contains forward-looking statements, which are subject to risks and uncertainties. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Please see “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” above for a description of these risks and uncertainties.Dollar amounts are presented in whole numbers, except per share data and where indicated in millions.

Overview

Lightstone Value Plus REIT IV, Inc. (“Lightstone REIT IV’’), which was formerly known as Lightstone Real Estate Income Trust, Inc. before September 15, 2021, is a Maryland corporation, formed on September 9, 2014, which elected to qualify as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes beginning with the taxable year ending December 31, 2016.

Lightstone REIT IV, together with its subsidiaries is collectively referred to as the “Company” and the use of “we,” “our,” “us” or similar pronouns refers to Lightstone REIT IV or the Company as required by the context in which any such pronoun is used.

We have and may continue to seek opportunities to invest in real estate and real estate-related investments. Our real estate investments may include operating properties and development projects and its real estate-related investment may include mezzanine loans, mortgage loans, bridge loans and preferred equity interests, with a focus on development-related investments, including investments intended to finance development or redevelopment opportunities. We may also invest in debt and derivative securities related to real estate assets. A portion of our investments may be secured by or related to properties or entities advised by, or wholly or partially, directly or indirectly owned by, The Lightstone Group, LLC (the “Sponsor”), its affiliates or other real estate investment programs it sponsors. Although we expect that most of our investments will be of these various types, we may also make other investments. In fact, we may invest in whatever types of investments that we believe are in its best interests.

We currently have one operating segment. As of December 31, 2022, we majority owned and consolidated the operating results of Bedford Avenue Holdings LLC (the “Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture”), a joint venture in which we have a 75% membership interest, and held an unconsolidated approximate 33.3% membership interest in 40 East End Ave. Pref Member LLC (the “40 East End Ave. Joint Venture”). We account for our unconsolidated membership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture in accordance with the equity method of accounting.

The Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture owns land parcels located at 353-361 Bedford Avenue in the Williamsburg neighborhood of the borough of Brooklyn in New York City on which it is developing and constructing a 210-room branded hotel (the “Williamsburg Moxy Hotel”). As of December 31, 2022, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel was under construction, but subsequently opened on March 7, 2023. Lightstone Value Plus REIT III, Inc. (“Lightstone REIT III”), a REIT also sponsored by the Sponsor and a related party, owns the other 25% membership interest in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture, which is accounted for as noncontrolling interests in our consolidated financial statements.

The 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, through affiliates, developed and constructed a luxury residential 29-unit condominium project (the “40 East End Project”) located at the corner of 81st Street and East End Avenue in the Upper East Side neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, which received its final TCO in March 2020. Through December 31, 2022, 21 of the 29 units in the 40 East End Project have been sold and the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture owns the remaining eight unsold units. SAYT Master Holdco LLC, an entity majority-owned and controlled by David Lichtenstein, who also majority owns and controls the Sponsor, and a related party, owns an approximate 66.7% membership into in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture.

Our advisor is Lightstone Real Estate Income LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the ’‘Advisor’’), which is majority owned by David Lichtenstein. On September 12, 2014, the Advisor contributed $200,000 to Lightstone REIT IV in exchange for 20,000 shares of common stock (“Common Shares”), or $10.00 per share. Mr. Lichtenstein also is a majority owner of the equity interests of The Lightstone Group, LLC. The Lightstone Group, LLC served as the Sponsor during our initial public offering (the “Offering”) which terminated on March 31, 2017. Mr. Lichtenstein also owns 222,222 Common Shares which were issued on June 15, 2015 for $2.0 million, or $9.00 per share. Subject to the oversight of our board of directors (the “Board of Directors”) and pursuant to the terms of an advisory agreement, the Advisor has the primary responsibility for making investment decisions on our behalf and managing our day-to-day operations. Mr. Lichtenstein also acts as our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. As a result, he exerts influence over but does not control Lightstone REIT IV.

We do not have employees. We have entered into an advisory agreement with the Advisor, pursuant to which the Advisor supervises and manages our day-to-day operations and selects our real estate and real estate related investments, subject to oversight by our Board of Directors. We pay the Advisor fees for services related to the investment, management and development of our assets, and we reimburse the Advisor for certain expenses incurred on our behalf.

On March 18, 2016, we and the Sponsor entered into a subordinated unsecured loan agreement (the “Subordinated Agreement”) pursuant to which the Sponsor made aggregate principal advances of $12.6 million to us through March 31, 2017 (the termination date of the Offering). The outstanding principal advances bear interest at a rate of 1.48%, but no interest or principal is due and payable to the Sponsor until holders of our Common Shares have received liquidation distributions equal to their respective net investments (defined as $10.00 per Common Share) plus a cumulative, pre-tax, non-compounded annual return of 8.0% on their respective net investments.

Distributions in connection with a liquidation of the Company initially will be made to holders of our Common Shares until holders of our Common Shares have received liquidation distributions equal to their respective net investments plus a cumulative, pre-tax, non-compounded annual return of 8.0% on their respective net investments. Thereafter, only if additional liquidating distributions are available, we will be obligated to repay the outstanding principal advances and related accrued interest to the Sponsor. In the event that additional liquidation distributions are available after the we repay our holders of Common Shares their respective net investments plus their 8% return on investment and then the outstanding principal advances and related accrued interest to the Sponsor, such additional distributions will be paid to holders of our Common Shares and the Sponsor as follows: 85.0% of the aggregate amount will be payable to holders of our Common Shares and the remaining 15.0% will be payable to the Sponsor.

The principal advances and the related interest are subordinate to all of our obligations as well as to the holders of our Common Shares in an amount equal to the shareholder’s net investment plus a cumulative, pre-tax, non-compounded annual return of 8.0% and only potentially payable in the event of a liquidation of the Company.

In connection with the termination of the Offering on March 31, 2017, we and the Sponsor simultaneously terminated the Subordinated Agreement and as a result, the Sponsor is no longer obligated to make any additional principal advances to us. Interest will continue to accrue on the outstanding principal advances and repayment, if any, of the principal advances and related accrued interest will still be made according to the terms of the Subordinated Agreement disclosed above.

As of December 31, 2022, $13.8 million of principal advances and related accrued interest were outstanding.

Acquisitions and Investment Strategy

Our strategy is to originate, acquire and manage a diverse portfolio of real estate or real estate-related investments located primarily in the United States. A substantial portion of our investments currently are related-party investments located in relatively large metropolitan areas. We generally have sought to create a portfolio of investments that either generate or are expected to generate attractive cash flow for distributions. However, we have and still may target capital appreciation from our investments.

We have not established any limits on the percentage of our portfolio that may be comprised of various categories of assets which present differing levels of risk. The allocation of our assets under management is dependent, in part, upon the then-current commercial real estate market, the investment opportunities it presents and available financing, if any, as well as other micro and macro market conditions.

We have and may continue to seek opportunities to invest in real estate and real estate-related investments. Our real estate investments may include operating properties and development projects and its real estate-related investments may include mezzanine loans, mortgage loans, bridge loans and preferred equity interests, with a focus on development-related investments, including those intended to finance development or redevelopment opportunities. We may also invest in debt and derivative securities related to real estate assets. A portion of our investments may be secured by or related to properties or entities advised by, or wholly or partially, directly or indirectly, owned by, our sponsor, its affiliates or other real estate investment programs sponsored by it. Although we expect that most of our investments will be of these various types, we may make other investments. In fact, we may invest in whatever types of investments that we believe are in our best interests.

We have and may continue to focus our acquisition and origination activity on real estate properties and real estate-related investments located in the United States, including certain related-party investments generally conducted through joint venture arrangements. We sometimes refer to the foregoing types of investments as our targeted investments. We expect to target investments that generally will offer predictable current cash flow and/or attractive risk-adjusted returns based on the underwriting criteria established and employed by our advisor, which may include the anticipated leverage point, market and economic conditions, the location and quality of the underlying collateral and the borrower’s exit or refinancing plan. Our ability to continue to execute our investment strategy may be enhanced through access to the sponsor’s extensive experience in both financing and developing real estate projects as well as in buying assets in the open market from third-parties. We have and will continue to seek to build a portfolio that may include some of or all the following investment characteristics: (a) provides current income; (b) is secured by high-quality commercial real estate; (c) includes subordinate capital investments by strong sponsors that support its investments and provide downside protection; and (d) possesses strong structural features that maximize repayment potential, such as a clear exit or refinancing plan by the borrower.

We have and may also continue to seek to invest in real estate-related loans and debt securities both by directly originating them and by purchasing them from third-party sellers. Although we generally prefer the benefits of direct origination, situations may arise to purchase real estate-related loans and debt securities, possibly at discounts to par, which compensate for the lack of control or structural enhancements typically associated with directly structured investments.

Current Environment

Our operating results are substantially impacted by the overall health of local, U.S. national and global economies and may be influenced by market and other challenges. Additionally, our business and financial performance may be adversely affected by current and future economic and other conditions; including, but not limited to, availability or terms of financings, financial markets volatility, political upheaval or uncertainty, natural and man-made disasters, terrorism and acts of war, unfavorable changes in laws and regulations, outbreaks of contagious diseases, cybercrime, loss of key relationships, inflation and recession.

Our overall performance depends in part on worldwide economic and geopolitical conditions and their impacts on consumer behavior. Worsening economic conditions, increases in costs due to inflation, higher interest rates, certain labor and supply chain challenges, and developments related to the COVID-19 pandemic, and other changes in economic conditions, may adversely affect our results of operations and financial performance. 

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during a reporting period. The most significant assumptions and estimates relate to the valuation of real estate and investments in other real estate entities. Application of these assumptions requires the exercise of judgment as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates. 

Critical Accounting Estimates and Policies

To assist in understanding our results of operations and financial position, we have identified our critical accounting policies and discussed them below. These accounting policies are most important to the portrayal of our results and financial position, either because of the significance of the financial statement items to which they relate or because they require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments.   

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of other subsidiaries over which we have control. All inter-company transactions, balances, and profits have been eliminated in consolidation. In addition, interests in entities acquired are evaluated based on applicable GAAP, and deemed to be variable interest entities (“VIE”) in which we are the primary beneficiary are also consolidated. If the interest in the entity is determined not to be a VIE, then the entity is evaluated for consolidation based on legal form, economic substance, and the extent to which we have control, substantive participating rights or both under the respective ownership agreement. For entities in which we have significant influence but less than a controlling interest or entities which we are not deemed to be the primary beneficiary, we account for the investment using the equity method of accounting.

There are judgments and estimates involved in determining if an entity in which we have made an investment is a VIE and, if so, whether we are the primary beneficiary.  The entity is evaluated to determine if it is a VIE by, among other things, calculating the percentage of equity being risked compared to the total equity of the entity.  Determining expected future losses involves assumptions of various possibilities of the results of future operations of the entity, assigning a probability to each possibility and using a discount rate to determine the net present value of those future losses.  A change in the judgments, assumptions, and estimates outlined above could result in consolidating an entity that should not be consolidated or accounting for an investment using the equity method that should in fact be consolidated, the effects of which could be material to our financial statements.

Accounting for Development Projects

We incur a variety of costs in the development of a property. The costs of land and building under development include specifically identifiable costs. The capitalized costs include, but are not limited to, pre-construction costs essential to the development of the property, development costs, construction costs, interest costs, real estate taxes and other costs incurred during the period of development. We cease capitalization when the development project is substantially complete and placed in service, which may occur in phases. Determination of when a development project is substantially complete and capitalization must cease involves a degree of judgment.

Once the development project is placed in service, which may occur in phases or for an entire building or project, the costs capitalized to construction in progress are transferred to land and improvements, buildings and improvements, and furniture and fixtures on our consolidated balance sheets at the historical cost of the property.

Impairment Evaluation

We evaluate our investments in real estate assets for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the undiscounted projected cash flows are less than the carrying amount for a particular property. We evaluate the recoverability of our investments in real estate assets at the lowest identifiable level, the individual property level. No single indicator would necessarily result in us preparing an estimate to determine if an individual property’s future undiscounted cash flows are less than its carrying value. We use judgment to determine if the severity of any single indicator, or the fact there are a number of indicators of less severity that when combined, would result in an indication that a property requires an estimate of the undiscounted cash flows to determine if an impairment has occurred. Relevant facts and circumstances include, among others, significant underperformance relative to historical or projected future operating results and significant negative industry or economic trends. The estimated cash flows used for the impairment analysis are subjective and require us to use our judgment and the determination of estimated fair value are based on our plans for the respective assets and our views of market and economic conditions. The estimates consider matters such as future operating income, market and other applicable trends and residual value, as well as the effects of demand, competition, and recent sales data for comparable properties. An impairment loss is recognized only if the carrying amount of a property is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value.

Investments in Unconsolidated Entities

We evaluate our investments in other entities for consolidation. We consider our percentage interest in the joint venture, evaluation of control and whether a VIE exists when determining if the investment qualifies for consolidation or if it should be accounted for as an unconsolidated investment under the equity method of accounting.

If an investment qualifies for the equity method of accounting, our investment is recorded initially at cost, and subsequently adjusted for equity in net income (loss) and cash contributions and distributions. The net income or loss of an unconsolidated investment is allocated to its investors in accordance with the provisions of the operating agreement of the entity. The allocation provisions in these agreements may differ from the ownership interest held by each investor. Differences, if any, between the carrying amount of our investment in the respective joint venture and our share of the underlying equity of such unconsolidated entity are amortized over the respective lives of the underlying assets as applicable. These items are reported as a single line item in the consolidated statements of operations as income or loss from investments in unconsolidated affiliated entities.

We review investments for impairment in value whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such investment may not be recoverable. An investment is impaired only if management’s estimate of the fair value of the investment is less than the carrying value of the investment, and such decline in value is deemed to be other than temporary. The ultimate realization of our investment in partially owned entities is dependent on a number of factors including the performance of that entity and market conditions. If we determine that a decline in the value of a partially owned entity is other than temporary, we will record an impairment charge. 

Noncontrolling Interests

Noncontrolling interests represents the noncontrolling member’s share of the equity in certain of the Company’s consolidated real estate investments. Income and losses are allocated to noncontrolling interest holders based generally on their ownership percentage.

Treatment of Management Compensation and Expense Reimbursements

Management of our operations is outsourced to our Advisor and certain other affiliates of the Sponsor. Fees related to each of these services are accounted for based on the nature of such service and the relevant accounting literature. Such fees include acquisition fees associated with the purchase of interests in real estate entities; and asset management fees paid to our Advisor. These fees are expensed or capitalized to the basis of assets acquired or constructed, as appropriate.

Income Taxes

We elected to qualify and be taxed as a REIT commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2016. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on our net taxable income that we distribute currently to our stockholders. To maintain our REIT qualification under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, (the “Code”), we must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that we annually distribute to our stockholders at least 90% of our REIT taxable income (which does not equal net income, as calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”)), determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding any net capital gain. If we fail to remain qualified for taxation as a REIT in any subsequent year and do not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, our income for that year will be taxed at the regular corporate rate, and we may be precluded from qualifying for treatment as a REIT for the four-year period following our failure to qualify as a REIT. Such an event could materially adversely affect our net income and net cash available for distribution to our stockholders. Additionally, even if we continue to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we may still be subject to some U.S. federal, state and local taxes on our income and property and to U.S. federal income taxes and excise taxes on our undistributed income, if any.

To maintain our qualification as a REIT, we engage in certain activities through taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”). As such, we are subject to U.S. federal and state income and franchise taxes from these activities.

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, we had no material uncertain income tax positions.

Results of Operations

Investments

For the periods presented, we had ownership interests in the following real estate and real estate-related investments:

40 East End Ave. Joint Venture

On March 31, 2017, we entered into a joint venture agreement with SAYT Master Holdco LLC, an entity majority-owned and controlled by David Lichtenstein, who also majority owns and controls the Sponsor, and a related party, providing for us to acquire an approximate 33.3% membership interest in 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture from SAYT Master Holdco LLC for aggregate consideration of $10.3 million. As a result, SAYT Master Holdco LLC owns an approximate 66.7% membership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture. Commencing on March 31, 2017, we have accounted for our approximate 33.3% membership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture in accordance with the equity method of accounting.

Williamsburg Moxy Hotel

On July 17, 2019, we, through our then wholly owned subsidiary, Bedford Avenue Holdings LLC, acquired land parcels located at 353-361 Bedford Avenue in the Williamsburg neighborhood of the borough of Brooklyn in New York City for the development and construction of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel. As of December 31, 2022, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel was under construction, but subsequentlyopened on March 7, 2023.

Williamsburg Moxy Joint Venture

On August 5, 2021, we formed the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture with Lightstone REIT III, pursuant to which Lightstone REIT III acquired 25% of our membership interest in Bedford Avenue Holdings LLC. As a result, we and Lightstone REIT III have 75% and 25% membership interests, respectively, in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture. Commencing on August 5, 2021, we have consolidated the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture and accounted for Lightstone REIT III’s 25% membership interest as noncontrolling interests in our consolidated financial statements.

For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 vs. December 31, 2021

Interest income

Our interest income was $90,900 and $32,166 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Our interest income was attributable to our cash and cash equivalents.

Loss from investment in unconsolidated affiliated real estate entity

Our loss from investment in unconsolidated affiliated real estate entity is attributable to our ownership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture. The loss from our investment in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture was $0.3 million and $0.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. We account for our investment in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture in accordance with the equity method of accounting.

General and administrative costs

General and administrative costs were was $0.7 million and $0.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Interest expense, net

Interest expense, net is attributable to the outstanding principal advances of $12.6 million included in Subordinated Advances – Related Party, and was $186,954 for both the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021. Additionally, during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, $6.6 million and $1.7 million of interest was capitalized to construction in progress during the development and construction of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel.

Pre-opening costs

In preparation for the opening of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel, which opened on March 7, 2023, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture incurred pre-opening costs of $1.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2022. No pre-opening costs were incurred during the 2021 period.

Noncontrolling interests

The net earnings allocated to noncontrolling interests relates to Lightstone REIT III’s 25% membership interest in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture commencing on August 5, 2021.

Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview:

As of December 31, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents of $8.3 million. We currently believe that our available cash on hand plus cash flow generated from the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel, which opened on March 7, 2023, will be sufficient to satisfy our expected cash requirements for at least twelve months from the date of filing this report, which primarily consist of our anticipated operating expenses, scheduled debt service, and any necessary capital contributions for our investment in unconsolidated affiliated real estate entity and distributions to our shareholders, if any, required to maintain our qualification as a REIT for the foreseeable future. The remaining costs associated with the development and construction of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel are expected to be primarily funded from the availability under the related construction financing. See “Williamsburg Moxy Hotel” for additional information.

We intend to limit our aggregate long-term permanent borrowings to 75% of the aggregate fair market value of all properties unless any excess borrowing is approved by a majority of the independent directors and is disclosed to our stockholders. Market conditions will dictate our overall leverage limit; as such our aggregate long-term permanent borrowings may be less than 75% of aggregate fair market value of all properties. We may also incur short-term indebtedness, having a maturity of two years or less.

Our charter provides that the aggregate amount of our borrowing, both secured and unsecured, may not exceed 300% of net assets in the absence of a justification showing that a higher level is appropriate, the approval of our Board of Directors and disclosure to stockholders. Net assets means our total assets, other than intangibles, at cost before deducting depreciation or other non-cash reserves less our total liabilities, calculated at least quarterly on a basis consistently applied. Any excess in borrowing over such 300% of net assets level must be approved by a majority of our independent directors and disclosed to our stockholders in our next quarterly report to stockholders, along with justification for such excess. Market conditions will dictate our overall leverage limit; as such our aggregate borrowings may be less than 300% of net assets.

Our future borrowings may consist of single-property mortgages as well as mortgages cross-collateralized by a pool of properties. Such mortgages may be put in place either at the time we acquire a property or subsequent to our purchasing a property for cash. In addition, we may acquire properties that are subject to existing indebtedness where we choose to assume the existing mortgages. Generally, though not exclusively, we intend to seek to encumber our properties with non-recourse debt. This means that a lender’s rights on default will generally be limited to foreclosing on the property. However, we may, at our discretion, secure recourse financing or provide a guarantee to lenders if we believe this may result in more favorable terms. When we give a guaranty for a property owning entity, we will be responsible to the lender for the satisfaction of the indebtedness if it is not paid by the property owning entity.

In general the type of future financing executed by us to a large extent will be dictated by the nature of the investment and current market conditions. For long-term real estate investments, it is our intent to finance future acquisitions using long-term fixed rate debt. However there may be certain types of investments and market circumstances which may result in variable rate debt being the more appropriate choice of financing. To the extent floating rate debt is used to finance the purchase of real estate, management will evaluate a number of protections against significant increases in interest rates, including the purchase of interest rate cap instruments.

We may also obtain lines of credit to be used to acquire real estate and/or real estate related investments. If obtained, these lines of credit will be at prevailing market terms and will be repaid from the sale or refinancing of real estate and/or real estate related investments, working capital and/or permanent financing. The Sponsor and/or its affiliates may guarantee our lines of credit although they are not obligated to do so. We expect that such properties may be purchased by the Sponsor’s affiliates on our behalf, in our name, in order to minimize the imposition of a transfer tax upon a transfer of such properties to us.

We have agreements with the Advisor to pay certain fees, in exchange for services performed by the Advisor and/or its affiliated entities. As of December 31, 2021, we owed the Advisor and its affiliated entities $0.3 million, which is included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, as of December 31, 2022 the Advisor and its affiliates owed us $3,961, which is included in restricted cash and other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.

The advisory agreement has a one-year term and is renewable for an unlimited number of successive one-year periods upon the mutual consent of our Advisor and our independent directors. Payments to our Advisor or its affiliates may include asset acquisition fees and the reimbursement of acquisition-related expenses, development fees and the reimbursement of development-related costs, financing coordination fees, asset management fees or asset management participation, and construction management fees. We may also reimburse our Advisor and its affiliates for actual expenses it incurs for administrative and other services provided for us. Upon the liquidation of our assets, we may pay our Advisor or its affiliates a disposition commission.

Development fees and the reimbursement of development-related costs attributable to the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel which are paid to the Advisor and its affiliates are capitalized and included in the carrying value of the investment in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel, which is classified as construction in progress on the consolidated balance sheets. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, development fees and reimbursed development-related costs totaling $1.8 million and $1.7 million, respectively, were incurred.

Summary of Cash Flows

The following summary discussion of our cash flows is based on the statements of cash flows and is not meant to be an all-inclusive discussion of the changes in our cash flows for the periods presented below:

Operating activities

The net cash used in operating activities of $2.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2022 consisted of our net loss of $2.6 million and the net change in assets and liabilities of $0.4 million less the noncash effect of our loss from our investment in unconsolidated affiliated real estate entity of $0.3 million.

Investing activities

The cash used in investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2022 of $44.9 million consisted of $42.4 million of development and construction costs associated with the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel and capital contributions of $2.5 million made to the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture.

Financing activities

The cash provided by financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2022 of $44.9 million consisted of proceeds from the construction financing for the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel of $45.4 million, net capital contributions made by Lightstone REIT III to the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture of $0.2 million and redemptions and cancellation of shares of common stock of $0.7 million.

Williamsburg Moxy Hotel

On July 17, 2019, we, through our then wholly owned subsidiary, Bedford Avenue Holdings LLC, acquired land parcels located at 353-361 Bedford Avenue in the Williamsburg neighborhood of the borough of Brooklyn in New York City, from unaffiliated third parties for an aggregate purchase price of $30.4 million, excluding closing and other acquisition related costs, for the development and construction of Williamsburg Moxy Hotel. As of December 31, 2022, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel was under construction, but subsequently opened on March 7, 2023.

Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture

On August 5, 2021, we formed the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture with Lightstone REIT III, pursuant to which Lightstone REIT III acquired 25% of our membership interest in Bedford Avenue Holdings LLC for aggregate consideration of $7.9 million. Subsequent to its acquisition, Lightstone REIT III has made net capital contributions to the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture aggregating $4.5 million through December 31, 2022, including $0.2 million made during the year ended December 31, 2022.

As a result, we and Lightstone REIT III have 75% and 25% membership interests, respectively, in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture. Additionally, we are the managing member of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture and Lightstone REIT III has consent rights with respect to all major decisions.

We determined that the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture is a VIE and we are the primary beneficiary. As we are the member most closely associated with the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture and therefore have the power to direct the activities of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture that most significantly impact its performance, we have consolidated the operating results and financial condition of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture and accounted for the ownership interest of Lightstone REIT III as noncontrolling interests commencing on August 5, 2021. Contributions are allocated in accordance with each investor’s ownership percentage. Profit and cash distributions are allocated in accordance with each investor’s ownership percentage.

On August 5, 2021, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture entered into a development agreement (the “Development Agreement”) with an affiliate of the Advisor (the “Williamsburg Moxy Developer”) pursuant to which the Williamsburg Moxy Developer is being paid a development fee equal to 3% of hard and soft costs, as defined in the Development Agreement, incurred in connection with the development and construction of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel (see Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information). Additionally on August 5, 2021, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture obtained construction financing for the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel as discussed below. Additionally, the Advisor and its affiliates are reimbursed for certain development and development-related costs attributable to the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel.

As of December 31, 2022, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture incurred and capitalized to construction in progress an aggregate of $114.6 million (including cumulative capitalized interest of $9.8 million) consisting of acquisition and other costs attributable to the development and construction of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, $6.6 million and $1.7 million, respectively, of interest was capitalized to construction in progress.

In preparation for the opening of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel, which opened on March 7, 2023, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture incurred pre-opening costs of $1.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2022. No pre-opening costs were incurred during 2021 period. Pre-opening costs generally consist of non-recurring personnel, marketing and other costs.

An adjacent land owner has questioned the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture’s right to develop and construct the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel without his consent. The Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture is currently responding to this concern and we believe it will, in due course, be recognized that the adjacent owner waived his right to object in 2017 when he signed a waiver, consent and subordination allowing the future development of our property as it exists today.  While this matter is currently pending in the court system, continued use of the property will ultimately be determined by the government of New York City and we have a number of avenues that we believe are viable paths to unfettered certificates of occupancy.  While any dispute has an element of uncertainty, we currently believe that the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome with respect to any of the aforementioned proceedings is remote. No provision for loss has been recorded in connection therewith. See Note 7 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Moxy Construction Loan

On August 5, 2021, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture entered into a recourse construction loan facility for up to $77.0 million (the “Moxy Construction Loan”) to fund the development, construction and certain pre-opening costs associated with the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel. The Moxy Construction Loan is scheduled to initially mature on February 5, 2024, with two, six-month extension options, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. The Moxy Construction Loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 9.00%, subject to a 9.50% floor, with monthly interest-only payments based on a rate of 7.50% and the excess added to the outstanding loan balance due at maturity. LIBOR as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was 4.39% and 0.10%, respectively. Additionally, the Moxy Construction Loan provides for a replacement benchmark rate based on SOFR in connection with the phase-out of LIBOR after June 30, 2023. The Moxy Construction Loan is collateralized by the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel.

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the outstanding principal balance of the Moxy Construction Loan was $65.6 million (including $1.7 million of interest capitalized to principal) which is presented, net of deferred financing fees of $2.0 million and $18.6 million (including $0.1 million of interest capitalized to principal) which is presented, net of deferred financing fees of $3.7 million, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets and is classified as mortgage payable, net. As of December 31, 2022, the remaining availability under the facility was up to $11.4 million and its interest rate was 13.39%.

The Moxy Construction Loan (outstanding principal balance of $65.6 million as of December 31, 2022) matures on February 5, 2024. The Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture currently intends to seek to extend or refinance the Moxy Construction Loan on or before its maturity date.

In connection with the Moxy Construction Loan, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture has provided certain completion and carry cost guarantees. Furthermore, in connection with the Moxy Construction Loan, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture paid $3.7 million of loan fees and expenses during the year ended December 31, 2021 and accrued $0.8 million of loan exit fees which are due at the initial maturity date and are included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets as of both and December 31, 2022 and 2021.

40 East End Ave. Joint Venture

On March 31, 2017, we entered into a joint venture agreement with SAYT Master Holdco LLC, an entity majority-owned and controlled by David Lichtenstein, who also majority owns and controls the Sponsor, and a related party, providing for us to acquire an approximate 33.3% membership interest in 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture from SAYT Master Holdco LLL for aggregate consideration of $10.3 million. As a result, SAYT Master Holdco LLC owns the an approximate 66.7% of the membership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture.

Our ownership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture is a non-managing interest. Because we exert significant influence over but do not control the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, we account for our ownership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture in accordance with the equity method of accounting. All contributions to and distributions of earnings from the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture are made on a pro rata basis in proportion to each member’s equity interest percentage. Any distributions in excess of earnings from the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture are made to the members pursuant to the terms of its operating agreement. We commenced recording our allocated portion of earnings and cash distributions, if any, from the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture beginning as of March 31, 2017 with respect to our membership interest of approximately 33.3% in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture.

Additionally, Lightstone Value Plus REIT I, Inc.(“Lightstone REIT I”), a REIT also sponsored by the Sponsor, made $30.0 million of preferred equity contributions (the “Preferred Contributions”) to a subsidiary of the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, pursuant to an instrument that entitles Lightstone REIT I to monthly preferred distributions at a rate of 12% per annum. No distributions may be paid to the members until the Preferred Contributions are redeemed in full. In December 2019 and February 2020, the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture redeemed an aggregate $13.0 million and $11.0 million of Preferred Contributions, respectively, reducing Lightstone REIT I’s Preferred Contributions to $6.0 million, which remains outstanding as of December 31, 2022.

The 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, through affiliates, developed and constructed the 40 East End Project, a luxury residential 29-unit condominium project located at the corner of 81^st Street and East End Avenue in the Upper East Side neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, which received its final TCO in March 2020. Through December 31, 2022, 21 of the 29 units in the 40 East Project have been sold and the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture owns the remaining eight unsold units.

On December 19, 2019, the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture obtained financing (the “Condo Loan”) from a financial institution of $95.2 million, of which $90.2 million was initially funded at closing and the remaining $5.0 million was subsequently advanced in April 2020. The Condo Loan, which was initially scheduled to mature on December 19, 2021, bore interest at LIBOR plus 2.45%, which was payable monthly, and required principal payments to be made at certain prescribed amounts from proceeds from the sales of condominium units with any remaining outstanding balance due in full at maturity.

On December 30, 2021, the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture and the financial institution amended the Condo Loan providing for an extension of the maturity date to December 20, 2022 and revisions to the timing and amounts of required principal payments to be made from proceeds from the sale of condominium units, all of which were met. During the fourth quarter of 2022, the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture repaid the Condo Loan in full.

Subsequent to our acquisition through December 31, 2022, we have made an aggregate of $8.4 million of capital contributions to the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, of which $2.5 million were made during the year ended December 31, 2022, including $2.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2022 to fund our proportionate share for the repayment in full of the Condo Loan.

Share Repurchase Program

Our share repurchase program (the “SRP”) may provide our stockholders with limited, interim liquidity by enabling them to sell their Common Shares back to us, subject to restrictions.

On March 25, 2020, the Board of Directors amended the SRP to remove stockholder notice requirements and also approved the suspension of all redemptions.

Effective May 10, 2021, our Board of Directors reopened the SRP only for redemptions submitted in connection with either a stockholder’s death or hardship and set the price for all such purchases at our estimated net asset value per share, as determined by the Board of Directors and reported by the Company from time to time, on the date of redemption. Additionally, beginning on January 1, 2022, any requests for redemptions in connection with a stockholder’s death must be submitted and received by us within one year of the stockholder’s date of death for consideration.

Our Board of Directors has established that on an annual basis we will not redeem in excess of 0.5% of the number of shares outstanding as of the end of the preceding year for either death or hardship redemptions, respectively. Redemption requests are expected to be processed on a quarterly basis and may be subject to pro ration if either type of redemption requests exceed the annual limitation. For

For the year ended December 31, 2022, we repurchased 79,324 Common Shares at a weighted average price per share of $8.55 per share. For the year ended December 31, 2021, we repurchased 59,745 Common Shares at a weighted average price per share of $8.50 per share.

Distributions

The Board of Directors commenced declaring and we began paying distributions on our Common Shares at the pro rata equivalent of an annual distribution of $0.80 per share, or an annualized rate of 8.0% assuming a purchase price of $10.00 per share, beginning with the period from June 22, 2015 through November 30, 2015 and monthly thereafter beginning with the month ending December 31, 2015 through the month ending June 30, 2019. Beginning with the month ending July 31, 2019 through the month ending March 31, 2020, the Board of Directors decreased the regular monthly distributions on our Common Shares to the pro rata equivalent of an annual distribution of $0.40 per share, or an annualized rate of 4.0% assuming a purchase price of $10.00 per share. Distributions were payable to stockholders of record at the close of business on the last day of the month-end. All distributions were paid on or about the 15th day of the month following the month-end. On March 25, 2020, the Board of Directors determined to suspend regular monthly distributions.

2020 Special Distribution

On December 21, 2020, the Board of Directors authorized and we declared a special distribution of $0.37 per common share payable to stockholders of record as of December 31, 2020 (the “2020 Special Distribution”). The total 2020 Special Distribution of $3.2 million, which represented a portion of the proceeds generated from asset sales, was paid on or about January 15, 2021.

2021 Special Distribution

On August 9, 2021, the Board of Directors authorized and we declared a special distribution of $0.215 per common share payable to stockholders of record as of September 30, 2021 (the “2021 Special Distribution”). The total 2021 Special Distribution of $1.8 million, which represented a portion of the proceeds generated from asset sales and was paid on or about October 15, 2021.

No distributions were declared or paid during the year ended December 31, 2022. Total distributions declared and paid during the year ended December 31, 2021 were $1.8 million and $5.0 million, respectively.  

Future distributions, if any, declared will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors based on their analysis of our performance over the previous periods and expectations of performance for future periods. The Board of Directors will consider various factors in its determination, including but not limited to, the sources and availability of capital, operating and interest expenses, our ability to refinance near-term debt, as well as the IRS’s annual distribution requirement that REITs distribute no less than 90% of their taxable income. We cannot assure that any future distributions will be made or that we will maintain any particular level of distributions that we have previously established or may establish.

New Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information concerning accounting standards that we have not yet been required to adopt and may be applicable to our future operations.

ITEM 8.  FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Lightstone Value Plus REIT IV, Inc. and Subsidiaries

(a Maryland corporation)

Index

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of

Lightstone Value Plus REIT IV, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Lightstone Value Plus REIT IV, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years then ended, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

Investment Property and Investment in Unconsolidated Affiliated Real Estate Entity – Impairment Evaluation

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had investment property (construction in progress) of $114.6 million and an investment in unconsolidated affiliated real estate entity of $12.9 million. As more fully described in Note 2 to the financial statements, the Company evaluates the recoverability of investment property at the lowest identifiable level, the individual property level, and the recoverability of the investment in unconsolidated real estate entity for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the investment property or the investment in unconsolidated real estate entity may not be recoverable. The Company utilizes judgment to determine if the severity of any single indicator, or the fact that there are a number of indicators of less severity that when combined, would result in an indication that the individual property may not be recoverable. The Company considers relevant facts and circumstances which may include the significant underperformance of an investment property relative to historical or projected future operating results as well as significant negative industry or economic trends. When such events or changes in circumstances are present, the Company assesses potential impairment by comparing estimated undiscounted future operating cash flows expected to be generated over the holding period of the investment property and from its eventual disposition to the carrying amount. The estimates include significant assumptions such as future operating income, market and other applicable trends and residual value, as well as the effects of demand, competition, and recent sales data for comparable properties. An investment property is impaired only if management’s estimate of the fair value of the investment property is less than the carrying value and not recoverable. The ultimate realization of the Company’s investment in the unconsolidated affiliated real estate entity is dependent on a number of factors including the performance of that entity and market conditions. If the Company determines that a decline in the value of the investment in unconsolidated affiliated real estate entity is other than temporary, it will record an impairment charge.

We identified the impairment evaluation as a critical audit matter due to significant judgment by management in identifying indicators of impairment and in determining the estimated recoverability of the investment property and the investment in unconsolidated affiliated real estate entity. This in turn led to a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and audit effort in performing procedures to evaluate the reasonableness of management’s significant estimates and assumptions related to the impairment evaluation including identifying events and circumstances that exist that would indicate the carrying amount of the investment property and the investment in unconsolidated affiliated real estate entity may not be recoverable, as well as future operating income, holding period, residual values, entity performance and market conditions. 

Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence, in connection with forming our overall opinion on the financial statements. We obtained an understanding and evaluated the design of controls over the Company’s impairment evaluation. Our procedures included, among others, assessing the methodologies applied and identifying the existence of any triggering events. We assessed the development stage of the hotel project and its related progression to completion in comparing the overall cost basis to the potential developed value. For the investment in unconsolidated affiliated real estate entity, we considered the number of condo sales made during the year, while taking into account the current market and the individual unit sales margins. We also evaluated the forecast prepared by management to consider if the determination was reasonable considering the past and current performance of the investments and if consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. We tested the completeness and accuracy of the underlying data used by management in its evaluations. We held discussions with management about the current status of both the development project and the equity method investment to understand how management’s significant estimates and assumptions are developed considering potential future market conditions. In addition, we evaluated the mathematical accuracy of the calculations included in the Company’s evaluation.

/s/ EisnerAmper LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2014.

EISNERAMPER LLP

Iselin, New Jersey

March 29, 2023

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share/unit data and where indicated in millions)

1. Structure

Lightstone Value Plus REIT IV, Inc. (“Lightstone REIT IV’’), which was formerly known as Lightstone Real Estate Income Trust, Inc. before September 15, 2021, is a Maryland corporation, formed on September 9, 2014, which elected to qualify as a real estate investment trust (’‘REIT’’) for U.S. federal income tax purposes beginning with the taxable year ended December 31, 2016.

Lightstone REIT IV, together with its subsidiaries is collectively referred to as the ’‘Company’’ and the use of ’‘we,’’ ’‘our,’’ ’‘us’’ or similar pronouns refers to Lightstone REIT IV or the Company as required by the context in which any such pronoun is used.

The Company has and may continue to seek opportunities to invest in real estate and real estate-related investments. The Company’s real estate investments may include operating properties and development projects and its real estate-related investment may include mezzanine loans, mortgage loans, bridge loans and preferred equity interests, with a focus on development-related investments, including investments intended to finance development or redevelopment opportunities. The Company may also invest in debt and derivative securities related to real estate assets. A portion of the Company’s investments may be secured by or related to properties or entities advised by, or wholly or partially, directly or indirectly owned by, The Lightstone Group, LLC (the “Sponsor”), its affiliates or other real estate investment programs it sponsors. Although the Company expects that most of its investments will be of these various types, it may also make other investments. In fact, it may invest in whatever types of investments that it believes are in its best interests.

The Company currently has one 1 operating segment. As of December 31, 2022, the Company majority owned and consolidated the operating results of Bedford Avenue Holdings LLC (the “Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture”), a joint venture in which it has a 75% membership interest, and held an unconsolidated approximate 33.3% membership interest in 40 East End Ave. Pref Member LLC (the “40 East End Ave. Joint Venture”). The Company accounts for its unconsolidated membership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture in accordance with the equity method of accounting.

The Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture owns land parcels located at 353-361 Bedford Avenue in the Williamsburg neighborhood of the borough of Brooklyn in New York City on which it is developing and constructing a 210-room branded hotel (the “Williamsburg Moxy Hotel”). As of December 31, 2022, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel was under construction, but subsequently opened on March 7, 2023. Lightstone Value Plus REIT III, Inc. (“Lightstone REIT III”), a REIT also sponsored by the Sponsor and a related party, owns the other 25% membership interest in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture, which is accounted for as noncontrolling interests in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, through affiliates, developed and constructed a luxury residential 29-unit condominium project located at the corner of 81st Street and East End Avenue in the Upper East Side neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, which received its final TCO in March 2020. Through December 31, 2022, 21 of the 29 units in the condominium project have been sold and the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture owns the remaining unsold units which are referred to as the 40 East End Project. SAYT Master Holdco LLC, an entity majority-owned and controlled by David Lichtenstein, who also majority owns and controls the Sponsor, and a related party, owns an approximate 66.7% membership into in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture

The Company’s advisor is Lightstone Real Estate Income LLC (the “Advisor”), which is majority owned by David Lichtenstein. On September 12, 2014, the Advisor contributed $200,000 for 20,000 shares of common stock (“Common Shares”), or $10.00 per share of the Lightstone REIT IV. Mr. Lichtenstein also is a majority owner of the equity interests of The Lightstone Group, LLC. The Lightstone Group, LLC served as the Sponsor during the Company’s initial public offering (the “Offering”) which terminated on March 31, 2017. Mr. Lichtenstein also owns 222,222 Common Shares which were issued on June 15, 2015 for $2.0 million, or $9.00 per share. Subject to the oversight of the Company’s board of directors (the “Board of Directors”) and pursuant to the terms of an advisory agreement, the Advisor has the primary responsibility for making investment decisions on behalf of the Company and managing its day-to-day operations. Mr. Lichtenstein also acts as the Company’s Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. As a result, he exerts influence over but does not control Lightstone REIT IV.

The Company does not have any employees. The Advisor receives compensation and fees for services related to the investment and management of the Company’s assets. The Advisor has certain affiliates which may manage the properties the Company acquires. However, the Company may also contract with other unaffiliated third-party property managers.

The Company’s stock is not currently listed on a national securities exchange. The Company may seek to list its stock for trading on a national securities exchange only if a majority of its independent directors believe listing would be in the best interest of its stockholders. The Company does not intend to list its shares at this time. The Company does not anticipate that there would be any market for its shares of common stock until they are listed for trading.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share/unit data and where indicated in millions)

On December 16, 2021, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment and restatement to the Company’s charter pursuant to which the Company is no longer required to either (a) amend its charter to extend the deadline to begin the process of achieving a liquidity event, or (b) hold a stockholders meeting to vote on a proposal for an orderly liquidation of its portfolio.

Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Subsidiaries

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated subsidiaries represents Lightstone REIT III’s 25% share of the equity in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture. Income and losses attributable to the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture are allocated to the noncontrolling interest holder based on its ownership percentage. See Note 3 for additional information.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during a reporting period. The most significant assumptions and estimates relate to the valuation of real estate and investments in other real estate entities. Application of these assumptions requires the exercise of judgment as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates.

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Lightstone REIT IV and its subsidiaries (over which it exercises financial and operating control).  All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In addition, interests in entities acquired are evaluated based on applicable GAAP, and if deemed to be variable interest entities (“VIE”) in which we are the primary beneficiary are also consolidated. If the interest in the entity is determined not to be a VIE, then the entity is evaluated for consolidation based on legal form, economic substance, and the extent to which we have control, substantive participating rights or both under the respective ownership agreement. Investments in other real estate entities where the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence, but does not exercise financial and operating control, and is not considered to be the primary beneficiary are accounted for using the equity method.

There are judgments and estimates involved in determining if an entity in which the Company has made an investment is a VIE and, if so, whether the Company is the primary beneficiary.  The entity is evaluated to determine if it is a VIE by, among other things, calculating the percentage of equity being risked compared to the total equity of the entity.  Determining expected future losses involves assumptions of various possibilities of the results of future operations of the entity, assigning a probability to each possibility and using a discount rate to determine the net present value of those future losses.  A change in the judgments, assumptions, and estimates outlined above could result in consolidating an entity that should not be consolidated or accounting for an investment using the equity method that should in fact be consolidated, the effects of which could be material to our financial statements.

Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had cash deposited in certain financial institutions in excess of federally insured levels. The Company regularly monitors the financial stability of these financial institutions and believes that it is not exposed to any significant credit risk in cash and cash equivalents or restricted cash.

If required by the Company’s lenders, restricted cash is held in escrow accounts for anticipated capital expenditures, real estate taxes, and/or other reserves for certain of our consolidated properties. Capital reserves are typically utilized for non-operating expenses such as major capital expenditures. Alternatively, a lender may require its own formula for an escrow of capital reserves.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share/unit data and where indicated in millions)

The following is a summary of the Company’s cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash total as presented in our statements of cash flows for the periods presented:

Investments in Real Estate

Accounting for Asset Acquisitions

When the Company makes an investment in real estate assets, the cost of real estate assets acquired in an asset acquisition are allocated to the acquired tangible assets, consisting of land, building and improvements, furniture and fixtures and identified intangible assets and liabilities, consisting of the value of above-market and below-market leases, acquired in-place leases, and the value of tenant relationships, based in each case on their relative fair values, at the date of acquisition, based on evaluation of information including independent appraisals that may be obtained in connection with the acquisition or financing of the respective property and other relevant market data. Fees incurred related to asset acquisitions are capitalized as part of the cost of the investment.

Accounting for Development Projects

The Company incurs a variety of costs in the development of a property. The costs of land and building under development include specifically identifiable costs. The capitalized costs include, but are not limited to, pre-construction costs essential to the development of the property, development costs, construction costs, interest costs, real estate taxes and other costs incurred during the period of development. The Company ceases capitalization when the development project is substantially complete and placed in service, which may occur in phases. Determination of when a development project is substantially complete and capitalization must cease involves a degree of judgment.

The Company expenses the costs associated with pre-opening activities associated with its development and construction projects as incurred. Pre-opening costs generally consist of non-recurring personnel, marketing and other costs.

Once the development project is placed in service, which may occur in phases or for an entire building or project, the costs capitalized to construction in progress are transferred to land and improvements, buildings and improvements, and furniture and fixtures on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at the historical cost of the property.

Carrying Value of Assets

The amounts to be capitalized as a result of periodic improvements and additions to real estate property, when applicable, and the periods over which the assets are depreciated or amortized, are determined based on the application of accounting standards that may require estimates as to fair value and the allocation of various costs to the individual assets. Differences in the amount attributed to the assets may be significant based upon the assumptions made in calculating these estimates.

Impairment Evaluation

Management evaluates the recoverability of its investments in real estate assets at the lowest identifiable level, the individual property level. Long-lived assets are tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized only if the carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value.

The Company evaluates the long-lived assets for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable and records an impairment charge when the undiscounted projected cash flows are less than the carrying amount for a particular property. The estimated cash flows used for the impairment analysis and the determination of estimated fair value is based on the Company’s plans for the respective assets and the Company’s views of market and economic conditions. The estimates consider matters such as future operating income, market and other applicable trends and residual value, as well as the effects of demand, competition, and recent sales data for comparable properties. Changes in estimated future cash flows due to changes in the Company’s plans or views of market and economic conditions could result in recognition of impairment losses, which, under the applicable accounting guidance, may be substantial.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share/unit data and where indicated in millions)

Investments in Unconsolidated Entities

The Company evaluates its investments in other entities for consolidation. It considers its percentage interest in the joint venture, evaluation of control and whether a VIE exists when determining whether or not the investment qualifies for consolidation or if it should be accounted for as an unconsolidated investment under either the equity method of accounting.

If an investment qualifies for the equity method of accounting, the Company’s investment is recorded initially at cost, and subsequently adjusted for equity in net income (loss) and cash contributions and distributions. The net income or loss of an unconsolidated investment is allocated to its investors in accordance with the provisions of the operating agreement of the entity. The allocation provisions in these agreements may differ from the ownership interest held by each investor. Differences, if any, between the carrying amount of our investment in the respective joint venture and the Company’s share of the underlying equity of such unconsolidated entity are amortized over the respective lives of the underlying assets as applicable. These items are reported as a single line item in the statements of operations as income or loss from investments in unconsolidated affiliated entities.

We review investments for impairment in value whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such investment may not be recoverable. An investment is impaired only if management’s estimate of the fair value of the investment is less than the carrying value of the investment, and such decline in value is deemed to be other than temporary. The ultimate realization of the Company’s investment in partially owned entities is dependent on a number of factors including the performance of that entity and market conditions. If the Company determines that a decline in the value of a partially owned entity is other than temporary, it will record an impairment charge.

Deferred Financing Costs

Deferred financing costs are recorded at cost and consist of loan fees and other direct costs incurred in issuing debt. Amortization of deferred financing costs is computed using a method that approximates the effective interest method over the term of the related debt and is included in interest expense in the consolidated statements of operations or capitalized to construction in progress. Unamortized deferred financing costs are included as a direct deduction from the related debt in the consolidated balance sheets.

Income Taxes

The Company elected to qualify and be taxed as a REIT  for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 2016. As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on its net taxable income that it distributes currently to its stockholders. To maintain its REIT qualification under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, the Company must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that it annually distribute to its stockholders at least 90% of its REIT taxable income (which does not equal net income, as calculated in accordance with GAAP), determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding any net capital gain. If the Company fails to remain qualified for taxation as a REIT in any subsequent year and does not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, its income for that year will be taxed at the regular corporate rate, and it may be precluded from qualifying for treatment as a REIT for the four-year period following its failure to qualify as a REIT. Such an event could materially adversely affect the Company’s net income and net cash available for distribution to stockholders. Additionally, even if the Company continues to qualify as a REIT, it may still be subject to some U.S. federal, state and local taxes on our income and property and to U.S. federal income taxes and excise taxes on its undistributed income, if any.

The Company engages in certain activities through taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRSs”). As such, the Company is subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes and franchise taxes from these activities.

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had no material uncertain income tax positions.

Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and other assets, accounts payable and accrued expenses and other liabilities approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments.

The estimated fair value our mortgage payable approximated its carrying value because of the floating interest rate.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share/unit data and where indicated in millions)

Noncontrolling Interests

Noncontrolling interests represents the noncontrolling member’s share of the equity in certain of the Company’s consolidated real estate investments.  Income and losses are allocated to noncontrolling interest holders based generally on their ownership percentage. 

Net Earnings per Common Share

Net earnings per Common Share on a basic and fully diluted basis is earnings divided by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. The Company does not have any potentially dilutive securities.

New Accounting Pronouncements

The Company has reviewed and determined that recently issued accounting pronouncements will not have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations and cash flows, or do not apply to its current operations.

3. Williamsburg Moxy Hotel

On July 17, 2019, the Company, through its then wholly owned subsidiary, Bedford Avenue Holdings LLC, acquired land parcels located at 353-361 Bedford Avenue in the Williamsburg neighborhood of the borough of Brooklyn in New York City, from unaffiliated third parties, for an aggregate purchase price of $30.4 million, excluding closing and other acquisition related costs, for the development and construction of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel. As of December 31, 2022, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel was under construction, but subsequently opened on March 7, 2023.

Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture

On August 5, 2021, the Company formed the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture with Lightstone REIT III, pursuant to which Lightstone REIT III acquired 25% of the Company’s membership interest in Bedford Avenue Holdings LLC for aggregate consideration of $7.9 million. Subsequent to its acquisition, Lightstone REIT III has made net capital contributions to the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture aggregating $4.5 million through December 31, 2022, including $0.2 million made during the year ended December 31, 2022.

As a result, the Company and Lightstone REIT III have 75% and 25% membership interests, respectively, in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture. Additionally, the Company is the managing member of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture and Lightstone REIT III has consent rights with respect to all major decisions.

The Company has determined that the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture is a VIE and the Company is the primary beneficiary. As the Company is the member most closely associated with the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture and therefore has the power to direct the activities of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture that most significantly impact its performance, the Company has consolidated the operating results and financial condition of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture and accounted for the ownership interest of Lightstone REIT III as noncontrolling interests commencing on August 5, 2021. Contributions are allocated in accordance with each investor’s ownership percentage. Earnings and cash distributions are allocated in accordance with each investor’s ownership percentage.

On August 5, 2021, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture entered into a development agreement (the “Development Agreement”) with an affiliate of the Advisor (the “Williamsburg Moxy Developer”) pursuant to which the Williamsburg Moxy Developer is being paid a development fee equal to 3% of hard and soft costs, as defined in the Development Agreement, incurred in connection with the development and construction of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel (see Note 6 for additional information). Additionally on August 5, 2021, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture obtained construction financing for the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel as discussed below. Additionally, the Advisor and its affiliates are reimbursed for certain development-related costs attributable to the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel.

As of December 31, 2022, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture incurred and capitalized to construction in progress an aggregate of $114.6 million (including cumulative capitalized interest of $9.8 million) consisting of acquisition and other costs attributable to the development and construction of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, $6.6 million and $1.7 million, respectively, of interest was capitalized to construction in progress.

In preparation for the opening of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel, which opened on March 7, 2023, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture incurred pre-opening costs of $1.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2022. No pre-opening costs were incurred during 2021 period. Pre-opening costs generally consist of non-recurring personnel, marketing and other costs.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share/unit data and where indicated in millions)

An adjacent land owner has questioned the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture’s right to develop and construct the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel without his consent. The Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture is currently responding to this concern and management believes it will, in due course, be recognized that the adjacent owner waived his right to object in 2017 when he signed a waiver, consent and subordination allowing the future development of our property as it exists today.  While this matter is currently pending in the court system, continued use of the property will ultimately be determined by the government of New York City and management has a number of avenues that it believes are viable paths to unfettered certificates of occupancy.  While any dispute has an element of uncertainty, management currently believes that the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome with respect to any of the aforementioned proceedings is remote. No provision for loss has been recorded in connection therewith. See Note 7 for additional information.

Moxy Construction Loan

On August 5, 2021, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture entered into a recourse construction loan facility for up to $77.0 million (the “Moxy Construction Loan”) to fund the development, construction and certain pre-opening costs associated with the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel. The Moxy Construction Loan is scheduled to initially mature on February 5, 2024, with two, six-month extension options, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. The Moxy Construction Loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 9.00%, subject to a 9.50% floor,with monthly interest-only payments based on a rate of 7.50% and the excess added to the outstanding loan balance due at maturity. LIBOR as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was 4.39% and 0.10%, respectively. Additionally, the Moxy Construction Loan provides for a replacement benchmark rate based on SOFR in connection with the phase-out of LIBOR after June 30, 2023. The Moxy Construction Loan is collateralized by the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel.

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the outstanding principal balance of the Moxy Construction Loan was $65.6 million (including $1.7 million of interest capitalized to principal) which is presented, net of deferred financing fees of $2.0 million and $18.6 million (including $0.1 million of interest capitalized to principal) which is presented, net of deferred financing fees of $3.7 million, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets and is classified as mortgage payable, net. As of December 31, 2022, the remaining availability under the facility was up to $11.4 million and its interest rate was 13.39%.

The Moxy Construction Loan (outstanding principal balance of $65.6 million as of December 31, 2022) matures on February 5, 2024. The Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture currently intends to seek to extend or refinance the Moxy Construction Loan on or before its maturity date.

In connection with the Moxy Construction Loan, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture has provided certain completion and carry cost guarantees. Furthermore, in connection with the Moxy Construction Loan, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture paid $3.7 million of loan fees and expenses during the year ended December 31, 2021 and accrued $0.8 million of loan exit fees which are due at the initial maturity date and are included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets as of both December 31, 2022 and 2021.

4. Investment in Unconsolidated Affiliated Real Estate Entity

40 East End Ave. Joint Venture

On March 31, 2017, the Company entered into a joint venture agreement with SAYT Master Holdco LLC, an entity majority-owned and controlled by David Lichtenstein, who also majority owns and controls the Sponsor, a related party, providing for the Company to acquire an approximate 33.3% in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture from SAYT Master Holdco LLC for aggregate consideration of $10.3 million. As a result, SAYT Master Holdco LLC owns an approximate 66.7% of the membership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture.

The Company’s ownership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture is a non-managing interest. Because the Company exerts significant influence over but does not control the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, it accounts for its ownership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture in accordance with the equity method of accounting. All contributions to and distributions of earnings from the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture are made on a pro rata basis in proportion to each member’s equity interest percentage. Any distributions in excess of earnings from the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture are made to the members pursuant to the terms of its operating agreement. The Company commenced recording its allocated portion of earnings and cash distributions, if any, from the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture beginning as of March 31, 2017 with respect to its membership interest of approximately 33.3% in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture.

Additionally, Lightstone Value Plus REIT I, Inc. (“Lightstone REIT I”), a REIT also sponsored by the Sponsor, made $30.0 million of preferred equity contributions (the “Preferred Contributions”) to a subsidiary of the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, pursuant to an instrument that entitles Lightstone REIT I to monthly preferred distributions at a rate of 12% per annum. No distributions may be paid to the members until the Preferred Contributions are redeemed in full. In December 2019 and February 2020, the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture redeemed an aggregate $13.0 million and $11.0 million of Preferred Contributions, respectively, reducing Lightstone REIT I’s Preferred Contributions to $6.0 million, which remains outstanding as of December 31, 2022.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share/unit data and where indicated in millions)

The 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, through affiliates, developed and constructed the 40 East End Project, a luxury residential 29-unit condominium project located at the corner of 81st Street and East End Avenue in the Upper East Side neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, which received its final TCO in March 2020. Through December 31, 2022, 21 of the 29 units in the 40 East End Project have been sold and the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture owns the remaining eight unsold units.

On December 19, 2019, the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture obtained financing (the “Condo Loan”) from a financial institution of $95.2 million, of which $90.2 million was initially funded at closing and the remaining $5.0 million was subsequently advanced in April 2020. The Condo Loan, which was previously scheduled to mature on December 19, 2021, bore interest at LIBOR plus 2.45%, which was payable monthly, and required principal payments to be made at certain prescribed amounts from proceeds from the sales of condominium units with any remaining outstanding balance due in full at maturity.

On December 30, 2021, the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture and the financial institution amended the Condo Loan providing for an extension of the maturity date to December 20, 2022 and revisions to the timing and amounts of required principal payments to be made from proceeds from the sale of condominium units, all of which were met. During the fourth quarter of 2022, the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture repaid the Condo Loan in full.

Subsequent to the Company’s acquisition through December 31, 2022, it has made an aggregate of $8.4 million of capital contributions to the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, of which $2.5 million were made during the year ended December 31, 2022, including $2.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2022 to fund its proportionate share for the repayment in full of the Condo Loan.

The 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture Financial Information

The following table represents the condensed income statements for the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture:

The following table represents the condensed balance sheets for the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture:

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share/unit data and where indicated in millions)

5. Stockholders’ Equity

Preferred Stock

The Company’s charter authorizes the Company’s board of directors to designate and issue one or more classes or series of preferred stock without approval of the holders of Common Shares. On February 11, 2015, the Company amended and restated its charter to authorize the issuance of 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock. Prior to the issuance of shares of each class or series, the board of directors will be required by Maryland law and by the charter to set, subject to the charter restrictions on ownership and transfer of stock, the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption of each class or series of preferred stock so issued, which may be more beneficial than the rights, preferences and privileges attributable to Common Shares. The issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of the Company. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had not issued any shares of preferred stock.

Common Shares

On February 11, 2015, the Company amended and restated its charter to authorize the issuance of 200,000,000 Common Shares. Under the charter, the Company will not be able to make certain material changes to its business form or operations without the approval of stockholders holding at least a majority of the Common Shares entitled to vote on the matter.

Subject to the restrictions on ownership and transfer of stock contained in the Company’s charter and except as may otherwise be specified in the charter, the holders of Common Shares are entitled to one vote per Common Share on all matters submitted to a stockholder vote, including the election of the Company’s directors. There is no cumulative voting in the election of directors. Therefore, the holders of a majority of outstanding Common Shares are able to elect the Company’s entire Board of Directors. Except as the Company’s charter may provide with respect to any series of preferred stock that the Company may issue in the future, the holders of Common Shares possess exclusive voting power.

Holders of the Company’s Common Shares are entitled to receive distributions as authorized from time to time by the Company’s Board of Directors and declared out of legally available funds, subject to any preferential rights of any preferred stock that the Company issues in the future. In any liquidation, each outstanding Common Share will entitle its holder to share (based on the percentage of Common Shares held) in the assets that remain after the Company pays its liabilities and any preferential distributions owed to preferred stockholders. Holders of Common Shares do not have preemptive rights, which means that there is no automatic option to purchase any new Common Shares that the Company issues, nor do holders of Common Shares have any preference, conversion, exchange, sinking fund or redemption rights. Holders of Common Shares do not have appraisal rights unless the Board of Directors determines that appraisal rights apply, with respect to all or any classes or series of stock, to a particular transaction or all transactions occurring after the date of such determination in connection with which holders of such Common Shares would otherwise be entitled to exercise appraisal rights. Common Shares are nonassessable by the Company upon its receipt of the consideration for which the Board of Directors authorized their issuance.

Distributions

The Company’s Board of Directors commenced declaring and it began paying distributions on its Common Shares at the pro rata equivalent of an annual distribution of $0.80 per share, or an annualized rate of 8.0% assuming a purchase price of $10.00 per share, beginning with the period from June 22, 2015 through November 30, 2015 and monthly thereafter beginning with the month ending December 31, 2015 through the month ending June 30, 2019. Beginning with the month ending July 31, 2019 through the month ending March 31, 2020, the Company’s Board of Directors decreased the regular monthly distributions on our Common Shares to the pro rata equivalent of an annual distribution of $0.40 per share, or an annualized rate of 4.0% assuming a purchase price of $10.00 per share. Distributions were payable to stockholders of record at the close of business on the last day of the month-end. All distributions were paid on or about the 15th day of the month following the month-end. On March 25, 2020, the Board of Directors determined to suspend regular monthly distributions.

2020 Special Distribution

On December 21, 2020, the Board of Directors authorized and the Company declared a special distribution of $0.37 per common share payable to stockholders of record as of December 31, 2020 (the “2020 Special Distribution”). The total 2020 Special Distribution of $3.2 million, which represented a portion of the proceeds generated from asset sales, was paid on or about January 15, 2021.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share/unit data and where indicated in millions)

2021 Special Distribution

On August 9, 2021, the Board of Directors authorized and the Company declared a special distribution of $0.215 per common share payable to stockholders of record as of September 30, 2021 (the “2021 Special Distribution”). The total 2021 Special Distribution of $1.8 million, which represented a portion of the proceeds generated from asset sales and was paid on or about October 15, 2021.

No distributions were declared or paid during the year ended December 31, 2022. Total distributions declared and paid during the year ended December 31, 2021 were $1.8 million and $5.0 million, respectively.  

Future distributions, if any, declared will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors based on their analysis of the Company’s performance over the previous periods and expectations of performance for future periods. The Board of Directors will consider various factors in its determination, including but not limited to, the sources and availability of capital, operating and interest expenses, the Company’s ability to refinance near-term debt, as well as the IRS’s annual distribution requirement that REITs distribute no less than 90% of their taxable income. The Company cannot assure that any future distributions will be made or that it will maintain any particular level of distributions that it has previously established or may establish.

Share Repurchase Program

The Company’s share repurchase program (the “SRP”) may provide its stockholders with limited, interim liquidity by enabling them to sell their Common Shares back to the Company, subject to restrictions.

On March 25, 2020, the Board of Directors amended the SRP to remove stockholder notice requirements and also approved the suspension of all redemptions.

Effective May 10, 2021, the Board of Directors reopened the SRP only for redemptions submitted in connection with either a stockholder’s death or hardship and set the price for all such purchases at the Company’s estimated net asset value per share, as determined by the Board of Directors and reported by the Company from time to time, as of the date of redemption. Additionally, beginning on January 1, 2022, any requests for redemptions in connection with a stockholder’s death must be submitted and received by the Company within one year of the stockholder’s date of death for consideration.

The Board of Directors has established that on an annual basis, the Company will not redeem in excess of 0.5% of the number of shares outstanding as of the end of the preceding year for either death or hardship redemptions, respectively. Redemption requests are expected to be processed on a quarterly basis and may be subject to pro ration if either type of redemption requests exceed the annual limitation.

For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company repurchased 79,324 Common Shares at a weighted average price per share of $8.55 per share. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company repurchased 59,745 Common Shares at a weighted average price per share of $8.50 per share.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share/unit data and where indicated in millions)

6. Related Party Transactions and Other Arrangements

The Company has agreements with the Advisor and its affiliates to pay certain fees, as follows, in exchange for services performed by these entities and other related party entities. The Company’s ability to secure financing and acquire real estate and real estate-related investments are dependent upon its Advisor and affiliates to perform such services as provided in these agreements.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share/unit data and where indicated in millions)

Development fees and the reimbursement of development-related costs attributable to the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel which are paid to the Advisor and its affiliates are capitalized and included in the carrying value of the investment in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel, which is classified as construction in progress on the consolidated balance sheets. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, development fees and reimbursed development-related costs totaling $1.8 million and $1.7 million, respectively, were incurred. See Note 3 for additional information.

The Company has agreements with the Advisor to pay certain fees, in exchange for services performed by the Advisor and/or its affiliated entities. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company owed the Advisor and its affiliated entities $118,030 and $0.3 million, respectively, which is included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, as of December 31, 2022 the Advisor and its affiliates owed the Company $3,961, which is included in restricted cash and other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.

Subordinated Advances – Related Party

On March 18, 2016, the Company entered into a subordinated unsecured loan agreement (the “Subordinated Agreement”) with the Sponsor pursuant to which the Sponsor made aggregate principal advances of $12.6 million through March 31, 2017 (the termination date of the Offering). The outstanding principal advances bear interest at a rate of 1.48%, but no interest or principal is due or payable to the Sponsor until holders of the Company’s Common Shares have received liquidating distributions equal to their respective net investments (defined as $10.00 per Common Share) plus a cumulative, pre-tax, non-compounded annual return of 8.0% on their respective net investments.

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except per share/unit data and where indicated in millions)

Distributions in connection with a liquidation of the Company initially will be made to holders of its Common Shares until holders of its Common Shares have received liquidation distributions equal to their respective net investments plus a cumulative, pre-tax, non-compounded annual return of 8.0% on their respective net investments. Thereafter, only if additional liquidating distributions are available, the Company will be obligated to repay the outstanding principal advances and related accrued interest to the Sponsor, as described in the Subordinated Agreement. In the event that additional liquidation distributions are available after the Company repays its holders of Common Shares their respective net investments plus their 8% return on investment and then the outstanding principal advances under the Subordinated Agreement and accrued interest to the Sponsor, such additional distributions will be paid to holders of its Common Shares and the Sponsor: 85.0% of the aggregate amount will be payable to holders of the Company’s Common Shares and the remaining 15.0% will be payable to the Sponsor.

The principal advances and the related interest are subordinate to all of the Company’s obligations as well as to the holders of its Common Shares in an amount equal to the shareholder’s net investment plus a cumulative, pre-tax, non-compounded annual return of 8.0% and only potentially payable in the event of a liquidation of the Company.

In connection with the termination of the Offering, on March 31, 2017, the Company and the Sponsor simultaneously terminated the Subordinated Agreement. As a result of the termination, the Sponsor is no longer obligated to make any additional principal advances to the Company. Interest will continue to accrue on the outstanding principal advances and repayment, if any, of the principal advances and related accrued interest will be made according to the terms of the Subordinated Agreement disclosed above.

As of both December 31, 2022 and 2021, an aggregate of approximately $12.6 million of principal advances have been funded, which along with the related accrued interest of $1.2 million and $1.0 million, respectively, are classified as Subordinated Advances – Related Party, a liability on the consolidated balance sheets. During both of the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company accrued $186,954 of interest expense on the principal advances.

7. Commitments and Contingencies

Legal Proceedings

From time to time in the ordinary course of business, the Company may become subject to legal proceedings, claims or disputes. See Note 3 for additional information.

As of the date hereof, we are not a party to any material pending legal proceedings of which the outcome is probable or reasonably possible to have a material adverse effect on its results of operations or financial condition, which would require accrual or disclosure of the contingency and possible range of loss.

PART II. CONTINUED:

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE:

None.

Item 9A.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures. As of December 31, 2022, we conducted an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of the Advisor’s management, including our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on this evaluation, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded as of December 31, 2022 that our disclosure controls and procedures were adequate and effective.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). Our internal control system is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and effected by our Board of Directors, management and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Our internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that:

Because of inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022. In making this assessment, they used the control criteria framework of the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission published in its report entitled Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013). Based on this evaluation, our management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2022.

This annual report does not include an attestation report of the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Management’s report was not subject to attestation by the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit the Company to provide only management’s report in this annual report.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION:

None.

Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

None.

PART III.

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE OF THE REGISTRANT

Directors

The following table presents certain information as of March 15, 2023 concerning each of our directors serving in such capacity:

David Lichtenstein is our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of our board of directors. Mr. Lichtenstein founded both American Shelter Corporation and The Lightstone Group. From 1988 to the present, Mr. Lichtenstein has served as Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of The Lightstone Group, directing all aspects of the acquisition, financing and management of a diverse portfolio of multifamily, lodging, retail and industrial properties located in 20 states and Puerto Rico. From June 2004 to the present, Mr. Lichtenstein has served as the Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of Lightstone Value Plus REIT I, Inc. (“Lightstone REIT I”) and Chief Executive Officer of Lightstone Value Plus REIT LLC, its advisor. From April 2008 to the present, Mr. Lichtenstein has served as the Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Offer of Lightstone Value Plus REIT II, Inc. (“Lightstone REIT II”) and Lightstone Value Plus REIT II LLC, its advisor. From September 2014 to the present, Mr. Lichtenstein has served as Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of Lightstone Value Plus REIT III, Inc. (“Lightstone REIT III”), and as Chief Executive Officer of Lightstone Value Plus REIT II ILLC, its advisor. From October 2014 to the present, Mr. Lichtenstein has served as Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of Lightstone Enterprises Limited (“Lightstone Enterprises”). On August 31, 2021, Mr. Lichtenstein was appointed Chairman Emeritus of the Board of Directors of Lightstone Value Plus REIT V, Inc. (“Lightstone REIT V”) and previously served as the Chairman of the Board of Directors of Lightstone REIT V from September 2017 through August 31, 2021. Additionally, Mr. Lichtenstein is Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Lightstone REIT V’s advisor. From July 2015 to the present, Mr. Lichtenstein has served as a member of the Board of Directors of the New York City Economic Development Corporation. Mr. Lichtenstein is also a member of the International Council of Shopping Centers and the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, Inc., an industry trade group, as well as a member of the Board of Directors of Touro College and New York Medical College. Mr. Lichtenstein has been selected to serve as a director due to his experience and networking relationships in the real estate industry, along with his experience in acquiring and financing real estate properties.

Stephen Spinola is one of our independent directors and is a member of our audit committee. Since September 2017, Mr. Spinola has served as a member of the Board of Directors of Lightstone REIT V. Since 1986, Mr. Spinola has been the President of the Real Estate Board of New York (“REBNY”), and as of July 1, 2015 serves as President Emeritus. Prior to becoming REBNY’s President, Mr. Spinola served as President of the New York City Public Development Corporation (now known as the New York City Economic Development Corporation). Mr. Spinola holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from the City College of New York with a concentration in political science and government. Mr. Spinola has been selected to serve as an independent director due to his extensive experience in the real estate industry.

Michael J. DeMarco is one of our independent directors and the Chairman of our Audit Committee. From April 2017 to July 2020, Mr. DeMarco served as chief executive officer of Mack-Cali Realty Corporation (“Mack-Cali”). From June 2015 to April 2017, Mr. DeMarco served as president and chief operating officer of Mack-Cali. From 2013 to June 2015, Mr. DeMarco served as the chief investment officer of CCRE, a non-bank finance company and one of the largest originators of CMBS. Mr. DeMarco previously served as an executive vice president at Vornado Realty Trust from 2020 to 2013, as a managing director at Fortress Investment Group from 2007 to 2020, and as a senior managing director at Lehman Brothers from 1993 to 2007. Mr. DeMarco also held senior positions at Credit Suisse First Boston and Arthur Andersen LLP. Mr. DeMarco also is a member of the board of trustees of Saint Peter’s Preparatory School, as well as a member of the Urban Land Institute and the International Council of Shopping Centers. Since June 2015, Mr. DeMarco has served as a member of the board of trustees of Pennsylvania Real Estate Investment Trust, a publicly traded REIT (NYSE: PEI). He received a Bachelor of Business Administration in accounting with a minor in history from Pace University, as well as a Master of Business Administration in finance from the University of Chicago. He is a certified public accountant. Mr. DeMarco has been selected to serve as an independent director due to his extensive experience in the real estate industry and finance.

Executive Officers:

The following table presents certain information as of March 15, 2023 concerning each of our executive officers serving in such capacities:

David Lichtenstein for biographical information about Mr. Lichtenstein, see ’‘Management — Directors.”

Mitchell Hochberg is our President and Chief Operating Officer and also serves as President and Chief Operating Officer of Lightstone REIT I, Lightstone REIT II and Lightstone REIT III and their respective advisors. Mr. Hochberg also serves as the President and Chief Operating Officer of our sponsor and our advisor. From October 2014 to the present, Mr. Hochberg has served as President of Lightstone Enterprises. Mr. Hochberg was appointed Chief Executive Officer of Behringer Harvard Opportunity REIT I, Inc. and Lightstone REIT V effective as of September 28, 2017, and on August 31, 2021, was appointed Chairman of the Board of Directors of Lightstone REIT V. Prior to joining The Lightstone Group in August 2012, Mr. Hochberg served as principal of Madden Real Estate Ventures from 2007 to August 2012 when it combined with our sponsor. Mr. Hochberg held the position of President and Chief Operating Officer of Ian Schrager Company, a developer and manager of innovative luxury hotels and residential projects in the United States from early 2006 to early 2007 and prior to that Mr. Hochberg founded Spectrum Communities, a developer of luxury neighborhoods in the northeast of the United States, in 1985 where for 20 years he served as its President and Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Hochberg served on the board of directors of Belmond Ltd from 2009 to April 2019. Additionally, through October 2014, Mr. Hochberg served on the board of directors and as Chairman of the board of directors of Orleans Homebuilders, Inc. Mr. Hochberg received his law degree as a Harlan Fiske Stone Scholar from Columbia University School of Law and graduated magna cum laude from New York University College of Business and Public Administration with a Bachelor of Science degree in accounting and finance.

Joseph E. Teichman is our General Counsel and Secretary and also serves as General Counsel of Lightstone REIT I, Lightstone REIT II and Lightstone REIT III and their respective advisors. Mr. Teichman also serves as Executive Vice President and General Counsel of our sponsor and as General Counsel of our advisor. From October 2014 to the present, Mr. Teichman has served as Secretary and a Director of Lightstone Enterprises. Prior to joining The Lightstone Group in January 2007, Mr. Teichman practiced law at the law firm of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison LLP in New York, NY from September 2001 to January 2007. Mr. Teichman earned a J.D. from the University of Pennsylvania Law School and a B.A. from Beth Medrash Govoha, Lakewood, New Jersey. Mr. Teichman is licensed to practice law in New York and New Jersey. Mr. Teichman is also a member of the Board of Directors of Yeshiva Orchos Chaim, Lakewood, New Jersey and was appointed to the Ocean County College Board of Trustees in February 2016.

Seth Molod is our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer and also serves as the Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Lightstone REIT I, Lightstone REIT II, Lightstone REIT III and Lightstone REIT V. Mr. Molod also serves as the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of our Sponsor and as the Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of our Advisor and the advisors of Lightstone REIT I, Lightstone REIT II, Lightstone REIT III and Lightstone REIT V. Prior to joining the Company in August 2018, Mr. Molod served as an Audit Partner, Chair of Real Estate Services and on the Executive Committee of Berdon LLP, a full service accounting, tax, financial and management advisory firm (“Berdon”). Mr. Molod joined Berdon in 1989. He has extensive experience advising some of the nation’s most prominent real estate owners, developers, managers, and investors in both commercial and residential projects. Mr. Molod has worked with many privately held real estate companies as well as institutional investors, REITs, and other public companies. Mr. Molod is a licensed certified public accountant in New Jersey and New York and a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Molod holds a Bachelor of Business Administration degree in Accounting from Muhlenberg College.

Section 16 (a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, requires each director, officer and individual beneficially owning more than 10% of our common stock to file initial statements of beneficial ownership (Form 3) and statements of changes in beneficial ownership (Forms 4 and 5) of our common stock with the Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Officers, directors and greater than 10% beneficial owners are required by Securities and Exchange Commission rules to furnish us with copies of all such forms they file. Based solely on a review of the copies of such forms furnished to us during and with respect to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, or written representations that no additional forms were required, we believe that all of our officers and directors and persons that beneficially own more than 10% of the outstanding shares of our common stock complied with these filing requirements in 2022.

Information Regarding Audit Committee

Our Board established an audit committee in September 2014. The charter of audit committee is available at www.lightstonecapitalmarkets.com/sec-filings or in print to any stockholder who requests it c/o Lightstone Value Plus REIT IV Inc., 1985 Cedar Bridge Avenue, Lakewood, NJ 08701. Our audit committee consists of Steven Spinola and Michael J. DeMarco each of whom is “independent” within the meaning of the NYSE listing standards. The Board determined that Mr. DeMarco is qualified as an audit committee financial expert as defined in Item 401 (h) of Regulation S-K. For more information regarding the relevant professional experience of Messrs. Spinola and DeMarco see “Directors.”

Code of Conduct and Ethics

We have adopted a Code of Conduct and Ethics that applies to all of our executive officers and directors, including but not limited to, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer. Our Code of Conduct and Ethics can be found at www.lightstonecapitalmarkets.com/sec-filings

ITEM 11.  EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Compensation of Executive Officers

Our officers will not receive any cash compensation from us for their services as our officers. Additionally, our officers are officers of one or more of our related parties and are compensated by those entities (including our sponsor), in part, for their services rendered to us. From our inception through December 31, 2022, the Company has not compensated the officers.

Compensation of Board of Directors

We pay our independent directors an aggregate annual fee of $40,000 (payable in quarterly installments) and are responsible for reimbursement of their out-of-pocket expenses, as incurred. We also pay our audit committee chair an additional aggregate annual fee of $10,000 (payable in quarterly installments).

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Executive Officers:

The following table presents certain information as of March 15, 2023 concerning each of our directors and executive officers serving in such capacities:

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

David Lichtenstein serves as the Chairman of our Board of Directors and our Chief Executive Officer. Our Advisor is majority owned and controlled by Mr. Lichtenstein. We have entered into agreements with our Advisor and Property Managers to pay certain fees, as described below, in exchange for services performed by these and other affiliated entities. As a majority owner of those entities, Mr. Lichtenstein benefits from fees and other compensation that they receive pursuant to these agreements.

Advisor

We pay our Advisor an acquisition fee equal to 1.0% of the gross contractual purchase price (including any mortgage assumed) of each property purchased and reimburse our Advisor for expenses that it incurs in connection with the purchase of a property. Acquisition fees and expenses are capped at 5% of the gross contract purchase price of a property.

Our Advisor is paid an advisor asset management fee of one-twelfth (1/12) of 0.75% of our average invested assets and we reimburse some expenses of the Advisor relating to asset management.

For substantial services in connection with the sale of a property, we will pay to our Advisor a commission in an amount equal to the lesser of (a) one-half of a real estate commission that is reasonable, customary and competitive in light of the size, type and location of the property and (b) 2.0% of the contract sales price of the property. The commission will not exceed the lesser of 6.0% of the gross contractual sales price or commission that is reasonable, customary and competitive in light of the size, type and location of the property.

We will pay our Advisor an annual subordinated performance fee calculated on the basis of our annual return to holders of our Common Shares, payable annually in arrears, such that for any year in which holders of our Common Shares receive payment of a 8.0% annual cumulative, pre-tax, non-compounded return on their respective net investments, our Advisor will be entitled to 15.0% of the amount in excess of such 8.0% per annum return, provided, that the amount paid to the Advisor will not exceed 10.0% of the aggregate return for such year, and provided, further, that the annual subordinated performance fee will not be paid unless holders of our Common Shares receive a return of their respective net investments.

Development fees and the reimbursement of development-related costs attributable to the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel which are paid to the Advisor and its affiliates are capitalized and included in the carrying value of the investment in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel, which is classified as construction in progress on the consolidated balance sheets. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, development fees and reimbursed development-related costs totaling $1.8 million and $1.7 million, respectively, were incurred.

We have agreements with the Advisor to pay certain fees, in exchange for services performed by the Advisor and/or its affiliated entities. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, we owed the Advisor and its affiliated entities $118,030 and $0.3 million, respectively, which is included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, as of December 31, 2022 the Advisor and its affiliates owed us $3,961, which is included in restricted cash and other assets on the consolidated balance sheets.

Sponsor

On March 18, 2016, we entered into a subordinated unsecured loan agreement (the “Subordinated Agreement”) with the Sponsor, pursuant to which the Sponsor made aggregate principal advances of $12.6 million through March 31, 2017 (the termination date of the Offering). The outstanding principal advances bear interest at a rate of 1.48%, but no interest or principal is due or payable to the Sponsor until holders of our Common Shares have received liquidation distributions equal to their respective net investments (defined as $10.00 per Common Share) plus a cumulative, pre-tax, non-compounded annual return of 8.0% on their respective net investments.

Distributions in connection with our liquidation will initially be made to holders of our Common Shares until holders of our Common Shares have received liquidation distributions equal to their respective net investments plus a cumulative, pre-tax, non-compounded annual return of 8.0% on their respective net investments. Thereafter, only if additional liquidating distributions are available, we will be obligated to repay the outstanding principal advances and related accrued interest to the Sponsor, as described in the Subordinated Agreement. In the event that additional liquidating distributions are available after we repay the holders of our Common Shares their respective net investments plus their 8% return on investment and then the outstanding principal advances under the Subordinated Agreement and accrued interest to the Sponsor, such additional distributions will be paid to holders of our Common Shares and the Sponsor: 85.0% of the aggregate amount will be payable to holders of our Common Shares and the remaining 15.0% will be payable to the Sponsor.

The principal advances and the related interest are subordinate to all of our obligations as well as to the holders of our Common Shares in an amount equal to the shareholder’s net investment plus a cumulative, pre-tax, non-compounded annual return of 8.0% and only potentially payable in the event of our liquidation.

In connection with the termination of the Offering, on March 31, 2017, we and the Sponsor simultaneously terminated the Subordinated Agreement. As a result of the termination, the Sponsor is no longer obligated to make any additional principal advances to us. Interest will continue to accrue on the outstanding principal advances and repayment, if any, of the principal advances and related accrued interest will be made according to the terms of the Subordinated Agreement disclosed above.

As of both December 31, 2022 and 2021, an aggregate of approximately $12.6 million of principal advances have been funded, which along with the related accrued interest of $1,193,587 and $1,006,633, respectively, are classified as Subordinated Advances – Related Party, a liability on the consolidated balance sheets. During both of the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company accrued $186,954 of interest expense, on the principal advances.

Williamsburg Moxy Hotel

On July 17, 2019, we, through our then wholly owned subsidiary, Bedford Avenue Holdings LLC, acquired land parcels located at 353-361 Bedford Avenue in the Williamsburg neighborhood of the borough of Brooklyn in New York City, from unaffiliated third parties for an aggregate purchase price of $30.4 million, excluding closing and other acquisition related costs, for the development and construction of Williamsburg Moxy Hotel. As of December 31, 2022, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel was under construction, but subsequently opened on March 7, 2023.

Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture

On August 5, 2021, we formed the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture with Lightstone REIT III, pursuant to which Lightstone REIT III acquired 25% of our membership interest in Bedford Avenue Holdings LLC for aggregate consideration of $7.9 million. Subsequent to its acquisition, Lightstone REIT III has made net capital contributions to the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture aggregating $4.5 million through December 31, 2022, including $0.2 million made during the year ended December 31, 2022.

As a result, we and Lightstone REIT III have 75% and 25% membership interests, respectively, in the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture. Additionally, we are the managing member of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture and Lightstone REIT III has consent rights with respect to all major decisions.

We determined that the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture is a VIE and we are the primary beneficiary. As we are the member most closely associated with the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture and therefore have the power to direct the activities of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture that most significantly impact its performance, we have consolidated the operating results and financial condition of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture and accounted for the ownership interest of Lightstone REIT III as noncontrolling interests commencing on August 5, 2021. Contributions are allocated in accordance with each investor’s ownership percentage. Profit and cash distributions are allocated in accordance with each investor’s ownership percentage.

On August 5, 2021, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture entered into a development agreement (the “Development Agreement”) with an affiliate of the Advisor (the “Williamsburg Moxy Developer”) pursuant to which the Williamsburg Moxy Developer is being paid a development fee equal to 3% of hard and soft costs, as defined in the Development Agreement, incurred in connection with the development and construction of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel (see Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information). Additionally on August 5, 2021, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture obtained construction financing for the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel as discussed below. Additionally, the Advisor and its affiliates are reimbursed for certain development and development-related costs attributable to the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel.

As of December 31, 2022, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture incurred and capitalized to construction in progress an aggregate of $114.6 million (including cumulative capitalized interest of $9.8 million) consisting of acquisition and other costs attributable to the development and construction of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel. During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, $6.6 million and $1.7 million, respectively, of interest was capitalized to construction in progress.

In preparation for the opening of the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel, which opened on March 7, 2023, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture incurred pre-opening costs of $1.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2022. No pre-opening costs were incurred during 2021 period. Pre-opening costs generally consist of non-recurring personnel, marketing and other costs.

Moxy Construction Loan

On August 5, 2021, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture entered into a recourse construction loan facility for up to $77.0 million (the “Moxy Construction Loan”) to fund the development, construction and certain pre-opening costs associated with the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel. The Moxy Construction Loan is scheduled to initially mature on February 5, 2024, with two, six-month extension options, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. The Moxy Construction Loan bears interest at LIBOR plus 9.00%, subject to a 9.50% floor, with monthly interest-only payments based on a rate of 7.50% and the excess added to the outstanding loan balance due at maturity. LIBOR as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was 4.39% and 0.10%, respectively. Additionally, the Moxy Construction Loan provides for a replacement benchmark rate based on SOFR in connection with the phase-out of LIBOR after June 30, 2023. The Moxy Construction Loan is collateralized by the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel.

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the outstanding principal balance of the Moxy Construction Loan was $65.6 million (including $1.7 million of interest capitalized to principal) which is presented, net of deferred financing fees of $2.0 million and $18.6 million (including $0.1 million of interest capitalized to principal) which is presented, net of deferred financing fees of $3.7 million, respectively, on the consolidated balance sheets and is classified as mortgage payable, net. As of December 31, 2022, the remaining availability under the facility was up to $11.4 million and its interest rate was 13.39%.

The Moxy Construction Loan (outstanding principal balance of $65.6 million as of December 31, 2022) matures on February 5, 2024. The Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture currently intends to seek to extend or refinance the Moxy Construction Loan on or before its maturity date.

In connection with the Moxy Construction Loan, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture has provided certain completion and carry cost guarantees. Furthermore, in connection with the Moxy Construction Loan, the Williamsburg Moxy Hotel Joint Venture paid $3.7 million of loan fees and expenses during the year ended December 31, 2021 and accrued $0.8 million of loan exit fees which are due at the initial maturity date and are included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets as of both and December 31, 2022 and 2021.

40 East End Ave. Joint Venture

On March 31, 2017, we entered into a joint venture agreement with SAYT Master Holdco LLC, an entity majority-owned and controlled by David Lichtenstein, who also majority owns and controls the Sponsor, and a related party, providing for us to acquire an approximate 33.3% membership interest in 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture from SAYT Master Holdco LLL for aggregate consideration of $10.3 million. As a result, SAYT Master Holdco LLC owns an approximate 66.7% of the membership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture.

Our ownership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture is a non-managing interest. Because we exert significant influence over but do not control the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, we account for our ownership interest in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture in accordance with the equity method of accounting. All contributions to and distributions of earnings from the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture are made on a pro rata basis in proportion to each member’s equity interest percentage. Any distributions in excess of earnings from the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture are made to the members pursuant to the terms of its operating agreement. We commenced recording our allocated portion of earnings and cash distributions, if any, from the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture beginning as of March 31, 2017 with respect to our membership interest of approximately 33.3% in the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture.

Additionally, Lightstone Value Plus REIT I, Inc.(“Lightstone REIT I”), a REIT also sponsored by the Sponsor, made $30.0 million of preferred equity contributions (the “Preferred Contributions”) to a subsidiary of the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, pursuant to an instrument that entitles Lightstone REIT I to monthly preferred distributions at a rate of 12% per annum. No distributions may be paid to the members until the Preferred Contributions are redeemed in full. In December 2019 and February 2020, the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture redeemed an aggregate $13.0 million and $11.0 million of Preferred Contributions, respectively, reducing Lightstone REIT I’s Preferred Contributions to $6.0 million, which remains outstanding as of December 31, 2022.

The 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, through affiliates, developed and constructed the 40 East End Project, a luxury residential 29-unit condominium project located at the corner of 81^st Street and East End Avenue in the Upper East Side neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City, which received its final TCO in March 2020. Through December 31, 2022, 21 of the 29 units in the 40 East Project have been sold and the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture owns the remaining eight unsold units.

On December 19, 2019, the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture obtained financing (the “Condo Loan”) from a financial institution of $95.2 million, of which $90.2 million was initially funded at closing and the remaining $5.0 million was subsequently advanced in April 2020. The Condo Loan, which was initially scheduled to mature on December 19, 2021, bore interest at LIBOR plus 2.45%, which was payable monthly, and required principal payments to be made at certain prescribed amounts from proceeds from the sales of condominium units with any remaining outstanding balance due in full at maturity.

On December 30, 2021, the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture and the financial institution amended the Condo Loan providing for an extension of the maturity date to December 20, 2022 and revisions to the timing and amounts of required principal payments to be made from proceeds from the sale of condominium units, all of which were met. During the fourth quarter of 2022, the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture repaid the Condo Loan in full.

Subsequent to our acquisition through December 31, 2022, we have made an aggregate of $8.4 million of capital contributions to the 40 East End Ave. Joint Venture, of which $2.5 million were made during the year ended December 31, 2022, including $2.0 million in the fourth quarter of 2022 to fund our proportionate share for the repayment in full of the Condo Loan.

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Our independent public accounting firm is EisnerAmper, LLP, Iselin, New Jersey, Auditor Firm ID 274.

Audit and Non-Audit Fees

The following table presents the aggregate fees billed to us for the years presented by our principal accounting firm:

In considering the nature of the services provided by the independent auditor, the audit committee determined that such services are compatible with the provision of independent audit services. The audit committee discussed these services with the independent auditor and our management to determine that they are permitted under the rules and regulations concerning auditor independence promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission to implement the related requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.

AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT

To the Directors of Lightstone Value Plus REIT IV Inc.:

We have reviewed and discussed with management Lightstone Value Plus REIT IV Inc.’s audited financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2022.

We have discussed with the independent auditors the matters required to be discussed by Auditing Standard No. 16, “Communication with Audit Committees,” as amended, as adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board.

We have received and reviewed the written disclosures and the letter from the independent auditors required by Public Company Accounting Oversight Board Rule 3526, Communication with Audit Committees Concerning Independence and have discussed with the auditors the auditors’ independence.

Based on the reviews and discussions referred to above, we recommend to the board of directors that the financial statements referred to above be included in Lightstone Value Plus REIT IV Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Audit Committee

Steven Spinola

Michael J. DeMarco

INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS’ REPORT

To the Stockholders of Lightstone Value Plus REIT IV Inc.:

We have reviewed the Company’s policies and determined that they are in the best interest of the Company’s stockholders. Set forth below is a discussion of the basis for that determination.

General

The Company’s strategy is to originate, acquire and manage a diverse portfolio of real estate or real estate-related investments located primarily in the United States. A substantial portion of its investments currently are related-party investments located in relatively large metropolitan areas. The Company generally has sought to create a portfolio of investments that either generate or are expected to generate attractive cash flow for distributions. However, the Company has and still may target capital appreciation from its investments.

The Company has not established any limits on the percentage of its portfolio that may be comprised of various categories of assets which present differing levels of risk. The allocation of the Company’s assets under management is dependent, in part, upon the then-current commercial real estate market, the investment opportunities it presents and available financing, if any, as well as other micro and macro market conditions.

The Company has and may continue to seek opportunities to invest in real estate and real estate-related investments. The Company’s real estate investments may include operating properties and development projects and its real estate-related investments may include mezzanine loans, mortgage loans, bridge loans and preferred equity interests, with a focus on development-related investments, including those intended to finance development or redevelopment opportunities. The Company may also invest in debt and derivative securities related to real estate assets. A portion of the Company’s investments may be secured by or related to properties or entities advised by, or wholly or partially, directly or indirectly, owned by, the Company’s sponsor, its affiliates or other real estate investment programs sponsored by it. Although the Company expects that most of its investments will be of these various types, it may make other investments. In fact, it may invest in whatever types of investments that it believes are in its best interests.

The Company has and may continue to focus its acquisition and origination activity on real estate properties and real estate-related investments located in the United States, including certain related-party investments generally conducted through joint venture arrangements. The Company sometimes refers to the foregoing types of investments as its targeted investments. The Company expects to target investments that generally will offer predictable current cash flow and/or attractive risk-adjusted returns based on the underwriting criteria established and employed by its advisor, which may include the anticipated leverage point, market and economic conditions, the location and quality of the underlying collateral and the borrower’s exit or refinancing plan. The Company’s ability to continue to execute its investment strategy may be enhanced through access to the sponsor’s extensive experience in both financing and developing real estate projects as well as in buying assets in the open market from third-parties. The Company has and will continue to seek to build a portfolio that may include some of or all the following investment characteristics: (a) provides current income; (b) is secured by high-quality commercial real estate; (c) includes subordinate capital investments by strong sponsors that support its investments and provide downside protection; and (d) possesses strong structural features that maximize repayment potential, such as a clear exit or refinancing plan by the borrower.

The Company has and may also continue to seek to invest in real estate-related loans and debt securities both by directly originating them and by purchasing them from third-party sellers. Although the Company generally prefers the benefits of direct origination, situations may arise to purchase real estate-related loans and debt securities, possibly at discounts to par, which compensate for the lack of control or structural enhancements typically associated with directly structured investments.

Financing Policies

There is no limitation on the amount the Company may invest or borrow for the purchase or origination of any single property or investment. The Company’s charter allows it to incur leverage up to 300% of its total “net assets” (as defined in its charter) as of the date of any borrowing, which is generally expected to be approximately 75% of the cost of its investments. The Company may only exceed this 300% limit if a majority of its independent directors approves each borrowing in excess of this limit and the Company discloses such borrowing to its stockholders in its next quarterly report along with a justification for the excess borrowing. In all events, the Company expects that its secured and unsecured borrowings will be reasonable in relation to the net value of its assets and will be reviewed by the Company’s board of directors at least quarterly.

The Company does not currently intend to exceed the leverage limit in its charter. The Company believes that careful use of debt helps the Company to achieve its diversification goals because the Company may have more funds available for investment. However, high levels of debt could cause the Company to incur higher interest charges and higher debt service payments, which would decrease the amount of cash available for distributions, if any, to the Company’s investors.

Policy on Sale or Disposition of Properties

The Company’s board of directors will determine whether a particular property should be sold or otherwise disposed of after considering the relevant factors, including performance or projected performance of the property and market conditions, with a view toward achieving its principal investment objectives.

The Company currently intends to hold each investment it acquires, develops or originates until its investment objectives are met or it is likely they will not be met. The determination of whether an investment will be sold or otherwise disposed of will be made after consideration of relevant factors, including prevailing economic conditions, specific real estate market conditions, tax implications for the Company’s stockholders and other factors. The requirements for qualification as a REIT also will put some limits on the Company’s ability to sell investments after short holding periods. However, in accordance with the Company’s investment objective of realizing growth in the value of its investments, the Company may sell a particular investment when, in the judgment of its advisor and its board of directors, selling the investment is in the Company’s best interest. The determination of when a particular investment should be sold or otherwise disposed of will be made after consideration of relevant factors, including prevailing and projected economic conditions, whether the value of the investment is anticipated to decline substantially, whether the Company could apply the proceeds from the sale of the investment to make other investments consistent with its investment objectives, whether disposition of the investment would allow the Company to increase cash flow, and whether the sale of the investment would constitute a prohibited transaction under the Code or otherwise impact the Company’s status as a REIT. The Company’s ability to dispose of an investment during the first few years following its acquisition is restricted to a substantial extent as a result of its REIT status. Under applicable provisions of the Code regarding prohibited transactions by REITs, a REIT that sells an asset other than foreclosure property that is deemed to be inventory or property held primarily for sale in the ordinary course of business is deemed a “dealer” and subject to a 100% penalty tax on the net income from any such transaction. As a result, the Company’s board of directors will attempt to structure any disposition of the Company’s investments to avoid this penalty tax through reliance on safe harbors available under the Code for assets held at least two years or through the use of a TRS.

When the Company determines to sell a particular investment, it will seek to achieve a selling price that maximizes the capital appreciation for investors based on then-current market conditions. The Company cannot assure its investors that this objective will be realized.

Independent Directors

Steven Spinola

Michael J. DeMarco

PART IV.

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES:

LIGHTSTONE VALUE PLUS REIT IV INC.

Annual Report on Form 10-K

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022

EXHIBIT INDEX

The following exhibits are included, or incorporated by reference, as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K (and are numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K):

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary.

None.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated.