PART I

Item1. Business.

CompanyBusiness Overview

Mission

Founded in 2008, we are a digital marketplace for waste and recycling and provide cloud-based waste and recycling solutions to businesses and governments. As a digital challenger to status quo waste companies, we have developed and commercialized a proven, cutting-edge platform that brings transparency and environmental innovation to the waste and recycling industry, enabling customers and hauling and recycling partners to make data-driven decisions that can lead to more efficient and effective operations and yield more sustainable outcomes. Using proprietary technology in Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence (“AI”), computer vision, and Industrial Internet of Things (“IoT”), for which we have secured more than 60 U.S. and international patents, we have built an innovative digital platform aimed at modernizing the outdated, approximately $1.6 trillion global waste and recycling industry.

Through our suite of cutting-edge solutions, we have driven innovation in the waste and recycling industry, reimagined the customer experience, and empowered a wide range of customers, from small businesses to Fortune 500 companies, to municipal and city agencies, to better optimize their waste handling and recycling programs. The implementation of our solutions enables customers to find economic value in their physical waste streams by improving business processes, reducing costs, and saving energy while helping those customers execute their sustainability goals.

Our Company

We are a blank check companyleading provider of cloud-based waste and recycling solutions for businesses, governments, and organizations worldwide. Our platform brings new transparency to the waste and recycling industry — empowering our customers and hauling and recycling partners to make data-driven decisions that can lead to more efficient and effective operations as well as more sustainable waste outcomes. Our platform primarily serves three constituents – waste generator customers, hauling and recycling partners, and municipalities/governments.

We believe we have built one of the world’s largest digital marketplaces for waste and recycling services. Underpinning this marketplace is a cutting-edge, modular platform that powers a modern, digital experience and delivers data-driven insights and transparency for our customers and hauling and recycling partners. We provide our waste generator customers with a digital marketplace that delivers pricing transparency, self-service capabilities, and a seamless customer experience while helping them achieve their environmental goals. We enhance our hauling and recycling partners’ economic opportunities by democratizing access to large, national accounts that typically engage suppliers at the corporate level. By providing telematics-based and waste-specific solutions as well as access to group purchasing efficiencies, we help large national accounts optimize their businesses. We help governments provide more advanced waste and recycling services that allow them to serve their local communities more effectively by digitizing their routing and back-office operations and using our computer vision technology to combat recycling material contamination at the source.

Over the past decade, this value proposition has allowed us to scale our platform considerably. Our digital marketplace now services over 8,000 waste generator customers, including numerous large, blue-chip customers such as Apple, Dollar General, Starbucks, Walmart, Chipotle, and FedEx, which together are representative of our broader customer base. Our waste generator customers are serviced by our network of over 8,000 hauling and recycling partners across North America. We have also deployed our technology in over 90 municipalities within the United States and operate in 20 countries. Furthermore, we have secured a robust portfolio of intellectual property, having been awarded more than 60 patents and 15 trademarks.

Our revenues have grown from approximately $359 million in 2018 to approximately $698 million in 2023.

Industry Background & Market Opportunity

Massive and fragmented market

The global waste and recycling industry is massive. Every human on the planet generates waste, and proper waste disposal is a key public service across the globe. In 2020, the waste and recycling market represented approximately $1.9 trillion on a global basis and was projected to grow at an approximately 5.5% compound annual growth rate (“CAGR”) between 2023 and 2032 according to Allied Market Research. The waste and recycling market in North America, our core operating territory, was approximately $208 billion in 2019 according to Allied Market Research.

The waste and recycling industry is comprised of multiple segments, and there are many parties with different priorities operating across these segments, which we believe creates friction and inefficiencies for the broader ecosystem. Key segments within the industry include:

The waste and recycling industry in the United States is also highly fragmented. While Waste Management, Republic Services, and Waste Connections (the “Big 3”) are large, publicly traded players with substantial market share in the United States, approximately 85% of the North America waste and recycling market was comprised of non-Big 3 haulers in 2019. Furthermore, the Big 3 haulers have historically pursued acquisitions to drive some of their growth, but we believe this strategy will be less viable for them going forward due to increased regulatory scrutiny over large acquisitions.

Stable and Resilient Industry

In addition to being a massive industry, the waste and recycling services market is also incredibly stable and resilient. The disposal of waste is considered a mission-critical service in communities across the world. The United States has long been one of the largest waste-producing countries per capita. The United States ranks third highest in the world, with each person producing approximately 25.8 tons of waste per year according to the World Bank “What a Waste” global database.

These dynamics have also made the industry resilient against economic downturns. Over the past two U.S. recessions in 2001-2002 and 2008-2009, the contraction of U.S. GDP has been approximately 3.4 times greater than the contraction seen in the waste and recycling industry, based on data from the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Further, the industry has historically been very profitable, as evidenced by the reported EBITDA margins of the Big 3, which ranged from an average of approximately 26-30% over the period of 2002 through 2022 based on data from FactSet.

Industry Trends

While the waste and recycling market is massive and stable, several dynamics are driving significant changes in the industry and are creating opportunities to disintermediate the legacy business model.

The waste and recycling industry is highly regulated and complex, and public policy is increasingly focused on improving diversion from landfills and reducing emissions. Current policies tend to encourage and reward reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, and many major cities in the United States have promulgated climate action plans committing to achieve emissions reductions.

Concurrently, traditional waste infrastructure is approaching capacity, and we believe large landfill owners are facing more and more hurdles to get regulatory approval to expand their sites or break ground on new sites. Without prospects for expansion, the average remaining life of landfill capacity is declining rapidly. A study conducted by Environmental Research & Education Foundation in 2015 stated at that time that seven states would likely run out of landfill space in the following five years, one state would reach capacity in five to 10 years, and three states had only 11 to 20 years of remaining capacity.

Historically, the United States has mitigated this infrastructure capacity issue in part by sending waste abroad. However, foreign countries that have historically accepted waste or recycling have recently begun to reduce or otherwise restrict their imports. For instance, China, which handled nearly half of the global recyclable waste for the past quarter-century according to Yale Environment360, instituted its National Sword policy, which banned the import of most plastics and other materials, making exportation into China extremely difficult.

In addition to the logistical problems associated with handling waste, today’s digital-first world has highlighted the industry’s historical under-investment in technology, which has plagued both customers and operators alike. While the large legacy players have been able to rely on their scale and incumbent position, independent operators have been particularly impacted by their inability to make technology investments that could help them optimize their operations and scale more profitably. Meanwhile, given most operators’ lack of technological infrastructure to collect data, customers have historically lacked visibility into pricing and their waste and recycling outcomes, compounding the antiquated, analog customer experience typical of the industry.

Challenges for Constituents in the Waste Value Chain

Challenges for Waste Generators

The preferences and demands of waste generators, who are the customers of the waste cycle, are shifting. They increasingly expect seamless digital customer experiences that provide ease of use and transparency, like those they are experiencing in many other industries and in their personal lives. Corporate consumers are also increasingly making environmentally conscious purchasing and operating decisions, and more and more are looking for greater information to manage and track their operations and hold their service providers accountable for their environmental impact.

Incumbent service offerings in the waste and recycling industry have long been outdated and misaligned with the needs and shifting preferences of their customers. We do not believe legacy players have embraced technology, limiting their ability to provide modern customer experiences that deliver efficiency, convenience, and transparency. Furthermore, we believe these players have made substantial investments in landfills, transfer stations, and other infrastructure, incentivizing them to fill and monetize landfills rather than to think creatively and identify alternative solutions, such as diverting waste streams elsewhere or creating circular solutions.

Challenges for Haulers and Recyclers

Independent waste haulers and recyclers face numerous competitive challenges. Given their limited operating footprint, they struggle to win large, enterprise-class hauling contracts. Without these contracts, the smaller independent players struggle to achieve economies of scale with respect to operating costs and cannot generate sufficient capital to make the substantial investments necessary to modernize their businesses, including the technology upgrades to optimize their operations or improve their customer service experience.

Challenges for Governments

Municipalities/governments have long identified the impact waste disposal and recycling has on the environment, on climate change, and on community quality of life. There has never been a greater focus on eliminating waste as a means of slowing the rapid advance of climate change, and the COVID-19 pandemic has heightened the importance of public health and, consequently, waste management’s crucial supporting role. Sound waste management helps to keep communities healthy while, at the same time, helping to ensure that these communities can thrive, businesses can flourish, and families can live safely. For those communities that are taking tangible steps to make a difference, having credible data is essential for them to take actionable steps to improve the vital service of waste and recycling pick and disposal. With good data, public works departments can better determine where and when to direct human and financial resources to ensure equitable and adequate public services, drive meaningful positive outcomes, and then measure their progress towards limiting waste and achieving the reduction goals promulgated by government leaders.

Outside of waste management, municipalities have also struggled to manage budget constraints while still providing vital adequate public services and maintaining critical infrastructure.

Our Solution

Without owning any hauling, recycling or landfill infrastructure, our digital marketplace allows us to manage the full spectrum of waste and recycling services through an extensive network of more than 8,000 vendor and hauling and recycling partners. Our programs span cardboard (“OCC”), plastic, paper, metal, glass, pallets, electronics recycling, construction and demolition (“C&D”), organics recycling (including food waste and composting services), grease and oil recycling, and single-stream recycling (“SSR”), among other adjacent services. Our subject matter experts manage recyclable commodity marketplaces, zero-waste programs, and other sustainability offerings across our portfolio.

Underpinning our digital marketplace is a cutting-edge, modular, digital platform that allows us to deliver value, transparency, and seamless digital experiences to our customers and hauling and recycling partners. We leverage our technology to audit hauler invoices and match to landfill weight tickets or recyclable commodity bills of lading. We provide customers with dashboards and digital tools to manage and monitor their waste services, and we provide our hauling and recycling partners with technology tools that help them optimize their operations.

This platform has been packaged into solutions that we offer to various parties in the waste and recycling value chain. RUBICONSmartCity, an advanced smart city solution, helps municipalities achieve and maintain more efficient, effective, and sustainable waste and recycling operations. RUBICONPremier, an enterprise SaaS solution, allows haulers and recyclers to scale their operations into new geographies more efficiently.

Solutions for Waste Generators

Our cloud-based digital marketplace provides an innovative customer experience through an easy-to-use interface, where customers can order new services and manage existing services, track invoices, and view environmental outcomes. We provide commercial waste generators—such as commercial property owners, the hospitality and restaurant industries, retail services and logistics companies—an all-in-one waste and recycling solution that allows for enhanced visibility into our customers’ waste management services. This means deeper insights into their waste streams, informed decision making, and increasingly efficient action taken across locations. These features are designed to save time and minimize waste throughout the organization by reducing administrative support costs in managing complex waste and recycling programs, identifying waste reduction and landfill diversion opportunities, and designing and implementing solutions to deliver on them. We also empower customers to report on their environmental goals through data visibility and by aggregating waste diversion activities and generating custom reports on carbon emission reductions. These data and reports are then reviewed and substantiated by a third party.

Solutions for Haulers & Recyclers

We work with a network of more than 8,000 hauling and recycling partners. Through our extensive network, we provide our hauling and recycling partners with access to large, often national multi-location accounts that they can service within their local markets or with their narrower service capabilities. We have also developed products that enable haulers and recyclers to better scale their businesses and optimize their operations through several programs.

RUBICONPro App

The RUBICONPro App sits on the truck dashboard, providing drivers with route details, navigation, and alerts while collecting real-time service information as well as vehicle tracking and safety metrics. Drivers can safely interact with the app to record weight tickets, verify instances of service confirmation, report issues, and more in real time. Without our product, most, if not all, of this work would be done manually and on or through multiple disparate services. Our products can reduce truck repair costs with vehicle maintenance insights, which alert haulers and recyclers regarding everything from routine service needs to severe mechanical issues, creating opportunities to improve performance and operate more efficient fleets.

RUBICONPro Pod

The RUBICONPro Pod plugs into the existing diagnostics port inside the truck’s cab to automate service confirmations, recording the date and time of services and proactively communicating them to the waste generators. Our hardware and digital platform are compatible with virtually any truck with the requisite port, making this a useful solution for residential, commercial, cart, and roll-off services. Once the pod is installed, no further driver interaction is required.

RUBICONSelect

RUBICONSelect is a buying consortium program in which we have negotiated preferred rates with certain third parties specifically for the benefit of our partners that provide waste and recycling services on our behalf. The program empowers haulers and recyclers across the country with new business opportunities, savings, and tools they would otherwise not have access to, all through a user-friendly interface. Foremost is that we offer our hauling and recycling partners new business opportunities to service their own waste generator customers. Given that many of our customers have a national presence (if not international), we believe the only way a local supplier can get access to these important locations is often through us.

In addition to helping scale small and medium size business (“SMB”) haulers and recyclers, we leverage the scale of our business to negotiate better, “big-business” pricing and terms for our hauling and recycling partners. Leveraging our scale, which can provide the same buying power as some of the largest waste services companies, the haulers and recyclers in our network are better positioned to successfully compete by reducing their operating costs, thereby freeing up capital that they can invest in their businesses. We have numerous buying program partners, including Commercial Credit Group (CCG), ACE Equipment, Concorde Inc., Wastequip, and more. RUBICONSelect is recruiting new program partners daily to provide a wide breadth of offerings including financing, equipment purchase, rentals, insurance, maintenance, fuel, tires, and more.

Solutions for Governments

In addition to working with commercial waste generators and commercial waste and recycling service providers, we have deployed our technology in more than 100 municipalities to help them manage their waste and recycling infrastructure and reach their sustainability goals. We use our proprietary technology to digitize trash and recycling routes, allowing collection crews to cover routes more effectively and efficiently while automating many reporting processes.

RUBICONSmartCity is a smart city technology suite that helps city and other municipal governments everywhere run more efficient, effective, and sustainable operations. A software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) offering originally designed for waste and recycling fleets, this full-service solution can be deployed across virtually any fleet to help reduce costs, improve service, and contribute to an enhanced quality of life for citizens.

RUBICONSmartCity can help governments save tax dollars by transforming existing government-owned fleets into roaming data collection centers, delivering insights about specific conditions throughout the community. Waste-specific insights include recycling participation and overflowing containers, as well as insights about material contamination directly at the source. Examples of general city infrastructure assessment insights include identifying and indexing instances of road potholes, broken curbs, vacant homes, and graffiti. Our technology helps improve neighborhood streetscapes by monitoring vehicle health, improving driver behavior, and improving material collection efficiency, which can result in more sustainable, resilient, and equitable neighborhoods.

For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, our revenue generated from sales to government entities was less than 5% of our total revenue.

Solutions for Global Fleets

Our various SaaS offerings help waste and recycling companies around the world to digitize their operations while equipping governments and businesses of all sizes to initiate or grow their waste collection capabilities with a digital cloud-based model. Our solutions allow companies to replicate our innovative, asset-light model by providing a third-party logistics technology backbone and by allowing services to be provided across a wider geographic coverage area than what may otherwise be covered by a vertically integrated asset footprint. Features within the product enable users to provide an enhanced experience for their own waste generator customers, the opportunity to restructure the cost of their collection operations, and the ability to enter new markets without massive investment.

Strengths and Competitive Advantages

Our business model provides a transparent marketplace that digitizes the waste and recycling sector for waste generators, municipalities and hauling and recycling partners. We gain, maintain, and grow our customer and partner relationships by providing what we believe are superior solutions that can help all these constituents save money. We believe we have expertise and competitive advantages that will allow us to continue to maintain and grow our market share.

Cloud-Based Model Reduces Costs and Benefits from the Network Effect

Our business model is highly scalable because of its digital, cloud-based nature; it does not depend on owning any physical infrastructure such as trucks or waste facilities. Without any physical infrastructure and the working capital requirements inherent in those operations, we can efficiently and effectively deploy our platform around the world without the capital investment or the exposure that comes along with owning and operating this infrastructure.

Our platform also benefits from significant network effects. As more waste generator customers join our platform, increased waste and recycling volumes improve our ability to negotiate with haulers and recyclers. Increased waste and recycling volumes also create efficiencies within haulers’ and recyclers’ routes and operations, because the marginal cost of servicing additional locations within an existing route is comparatively low, which can improve service and pricing for our customers. Additionally, as the network expands, the amount of data we collect increases, allowing us to learn and further improve our solutions, benefiting all network participants. As our pricing improves with haulers and recyclers and as our expanding data asset improves its ability to deliver new circular solutions, our overall value proposition improves for our waste generator customers.

Business Model and Customer Interests are Aligned Benefiting Us and Providing Greater Value to Customers

Our platform provides service and cost transparency to both our customers and partners along with automated business processes, allowing them to make informed decisions based on their priorities, whether it’s business growth, cost savings, or environmental outcomes.

Our incentives are aligned with our waste generator customers, both economically and environmentally. Landfill owners and operators often generate revenues through collection volumes and tipping fees, so they are incentivized to collect bins more frequently than necessary even when they are not full. Because we do not own landfills, we are not motivated by maximizing volumes and / or tipping fees. Therefore, we can work with our customers to optimize service levels for their business needs. In practice, we advise our waste generator customers on the implementation of new source separated recycling programs and educate store-level employees on how to safely and efficiently manage such program implementation and execution. Additionally, we will work upstream with our customers to design and effect reverse supply chain programs to aggregate valuable waste stream materials at central locations, or even to design programs that create internalized, circular solutions or reduce waste at the source.

Further, using our proprietary computer vision-based technology and our team of subject matter experts to examine the contents of a waste stream, we can assess the material composition of the waste stream. This information provides multiple benefits, including providing more detailed information about the contents and allowing the customers to identify opportunities to divert certain materials from landfills. Using this information, we and our customers can generate better environmental outcomes and we can also create significant economic benefits by selling the materials collected from our customers to recycling and processing facilities which often results in additional revenue opportunities and reduced tipping fees.

For RUBICONPro, RUBICONPremier, and RUBICONSmartCity, our SaaS offerings, the core of services is about maximizing the use of scarce resources. We do this by optimizing routes and full fleet operations, by providing data for preventative vehicle maintenance, and by focusing on improving driver safety and behavior, which can improve outcomes for all constituents: drivers, supervisors, government officials, and residents.

Superior Technology

Our user-friendly platform is vertically integrated and gives us control of all critical operations and transaction elements, which facilitates a fast, simple and consistent user experience. We believe our ground-breaking technology is what the industry has needed for many years.

Our technology can affect all parties within the waste and recycling ecosystem:

Depth & Quality of Hauling & Recycling Network Benefits All Constituent Parties

We work with a network of more than 8,000 hauling and recycling partners. The scale of our network means we have access to vastly more hauling and recycling options through our digital platform. Our ability to access this extensive network benefits our waste generator customers and enables us to mitigate business risks for the customers associated with sole sourcing, including labor shortages, cost offsets (overages, contamination, etc.), and unaccommodating supplier scheduling.

The stickiness of the supplier side of our marketplace is ensured by the valuable services we provide them. Foremost is that we offer our hauling and recycling partners new business opportunities to service our waste generator customers. Given that many of our customers have a national or even global presence, often the only way a local supplier can get access to these important locations is through us.

We also offer our hauling and recycling partners a digital platform that is simple and efficient and can help them improve their routing, fleet operations, and driver behavior.

Lastly, we offer the benefits of scale to even the smallest haulers and recyclers through a buying consortium where the haulers and recyclers can save money on items critical to their businesses (fuel, parts, tires, insurance, etc.).

Number of Blue-chip Customers Creating Barrier to Entry

Our platform has been validated by a diverse group of over 8,000 customers in businesses and governments, most of which are under long-term contracts. Our typical customer agreement has a term of 3 years, providing confidence in and visibility towards future revenue streams. Our large and national accounts have also attracted many haulers and recyclers to the platform. Some of our blue-chip customers include Apple, Starbucks, Walmart, Dollar General, Chipotle, and FedEx.

Our Growth Strategies

The foundation of our business is our digital marketplace platform where it seamlessly transacts with our customers and hauling and recycling partners. The majority of our revenue is generated via this digital marketplace, which allows us to capture additional revenue streams through solutions designed to modernize hauling and recycling operations. We believe we have multiple proven avenues for future growth, including through increasing our geographic reach and the depth of our customer and hauling and recycling networks in those markets.

Organic Customer Growth Through New Customer and Contract Wins Based on the Strengths of Our Solutions

We have built a first-class sales and marketing organization that has helped build our base of more than 8,000 customers. We combine cutting-edge and sorely needed technology solutions with deep subject matter expertise in a mission-critical sector. Our products are designed to save customers money, provide for a more transparent and seamless customer experience, and help customers achieve positive environmental outcomes. This differentiated proposition creates a strong product-market fit within an industry that is ripe for change.

Additionally, we are uniquely capable of providing a “one-stop-shop” solution for all the waste generator customers’ waste and recycling needs. We offer a tiered solution, beginning with simply auditing and administering an incumbent hauler’s existing program for waste generators, through to the creation and provisioning of a full zero-waste program.

Organic customer growth is expected to continue to be a core driver of growth for us for the foreseeable future as a result of these and other strengths.

Growing Revenues with Existing Customers

We have proven our ability to expand our customer relationships. This is achieved both by expanding our geographic penetration across a waste generator customer’s footprint over time as well as by working collaboratively with our customers to identify incremental services that can be offered to further enhance their waste and recycling programs. Our waste generator account managers are empowered and incentivized to expand our existing customer relationships.

Adding More Service Capabilities

We have demonstrated our ability to expand our capabilities in the past. We have expanded our waste marketplace service capabilities to over 150 material types and multiple fleet types, and even beyond waste and recycling. We intend to continue to add service capabilities and invest in product development and have the platform, vision, and data to fuel growth.

From a customer perspective, we currently service national and SMB waste generator accounts, predominately within the U.S. market. Through our SaaS-based offerings, we have already expanded our footprint internationally and expect to continue this expansion – first by leading with technology, then by building out digital marketplace offerings in these markets.

As our business expands in its breadth and depth, we will continue to refine how we monetize our products and relationships. Today, we earn money from licensing our technology, from waste and recycling services within our digital marketplace and by participating in recyclable commodity sales transactions. By servicing all the constituents within the waste and recycling ecosystem, we have gathered valuable datasets that we have begun and will continue to offer on their own as data subscriptions. Further, we expect to be a larger player in establishing recycling and recyclable commodity marketplaces.

International Expansion within Existing Markets and into New Markets

We believe we are a global innovator in the waste and recycling industry and have successfully deployed our solutions in 20 countries though we currently generate the vast majority of our revenue within the United States. We intend to continue selling our solutions globally.

Strategic Acquisitions

We intend to grow by acquiring other businesses and the customers they serve. We have proven our ability to identify and execute on attractive acquisition targets. We have acquired and successfully integrated multiple businesses and have established a repeatable process for identifying and integrating complementary companies. Furthermore, we have spent considerable efforts building relationships across the industry, helping to build a large pipeline of additional acquisition opportunities.

Corporate History and Certain Other Transactions

We were originally incorporated in the Cayman Islands on April 26, 2021 as Founder SPAC (“Founder”), a Cayman Island exemptedspecial purpose acquisition company, and formed for the purpose of effectuatingto effect a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization, or other similar business combination with one or more businesses, which we refer to throughout this Annual Report as our “initial business combination”. We intend to effectuate our initial business combination using cash from the proceeds of ourtarget businesses. On October 19, 2021, Founder consummated its initial public offering (the “Initial Public Offering”“IPO”) and, following which its shares began trading on the private placement ofNasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”).

On August 15, 2022, we consummated the Private Placement Warrants (as defined below), the proceeds of the sale of our shares in connection with our initial business combination (pursuant to forward purchase agreements or backstop agreements we may enter into following the consummation of the Initial Public Offering or otherwise), shares issued to the owners of the target, debt issued to bank or other lenders or the owners of the target, or a combination of the foregoing.

On April 27, 2021, our sponsor paid $25,000, or approximately $0.003 per share, to cover certain expenses on our behalf in consideration of 7,906,250 Class B ordinary shares, par value $0.0001. Prior to the initial investment in the company of $25,000 by the sponsor, the company had no assets, tangible or intangible. The per share price of the founder shares was determined by dividing the amount contributed to the company by the number of founder shares issued. In addition, our sponsor has purchased,(the “Business Combination”) pursuant to a written agreement, an aggregatethat certain Agreement and Plan of 12,623,125 private placement warrants each exercisable to purchase one Class A ordinary share at $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment, at a price of $1.00 per warrant ($12,623,125 in the aggregate), in a private placement that closed simultaneously with the closing of our initial public offering. If we do not consummate an initial business combination within 15 months (or up to 18 months if we extend the period of time to consummate a business combination) from the closing of our initial public offering, the private placement warrants will expire worthless. The personal and financial interests of our executive officers and directors may influence their motivation in completing an initial business combination and influencing the operation of the business following the initial business combination. This risk may become more acute as the 15-month (or 18-month if we extend the period of time to consummate a business combination) anniversary of the closing of our initial public offering nears, which is the deadline for our consummation of an initial business combination.

On October 19, 2021, the Company consummated the Initial Public Offering of 31,625,000 units (the “Units” and, with respect to the Class A ordinary shares included in the Units sold, the “Public Shares”), including 4,125,000 Units that were issued pursuant to the underwrites' exercise of their over-allotment option in full, at $10.15 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $320,993,750. Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, we completed the private sale 14,204,375 warrants to the Sponsor and Jefferies, LLC at a purchase price of $1.00 per warrant (the “Private Placement Warrants”), generating gross proceeds of $14,204,375. A total of $320,993,750 from the net proceeds of the sale of the Units in the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Placement Warrants was placed in a trust account (the “Trust Account”).

The outstanding Class B ordinary shares will automatically convert into Class A ordinary shares upon the consummation of a business combination on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment. In the case that additional Class A ordinary shares or equity-linked securities are issued or deemed issued in connection with a business combination, the number of Class A ordinary shares issuable upon conversion of all Founder Shares will equal, in the aggregate, on an as-converted basis, 20% of the sum of all Ordinary Shares issued and outstanding upon the completion of the Offering plus all Class A Ordinary Shares and equity-linked securities issued or deemed issued in connection with the initial Business Combination, excluding the forward purchase agreements and any shares or equity-linked securities issued, or to be issued, to any seller in the initial Business Combination. The term “equity-linked securities” refers to any debt or equity securities that are convertible, exercisable or exchangeable for Class A Ordinary Shares issued in a financing transaction in connection with the initial Business Combination, including but not limited to a private placement of equity or debt.; provided that such conversion of Founder Shares will never occur on a less than one-for-one basis.

OnMerger, dated December 15, 2021 as disclosed in our Form 8-K filed with the Securities(the “Merger Agreement”), by and Exchange Commission on December 17, 2021, the Company,among Founder, Ravenclaw Merger Sub LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and wholly owned subsidiary of the Acquiror (“Merger Sub”), Ravenclaw Merger Sub Corporation 1, a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of the Acquiror (“Merger Sub Inc. 1”), Ravenclaw Merger Sub Corporation 2, a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of the Acquiror (“Merger Sub Inc. 2”), Ravenclaw Merger Sub Corporation 3, a Delaware corporation and wholly owned subsidiary of the Acquiror (“Merger Sub Inc. 3” and, together with Merger Sub Inc. 1 and Merger Sub Inc. 2, each a “Blocker Merger Sub”), Boom Clover Business Limited,, a British Virgin Islands corporation (“Blocker Company 1”), NZSF Frontier Investments Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Blocker Company 2”)Inc., PLC Blocker A LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Blocker Company 3” and together with Blocker Company 1 and Blocker Company 2, each a “Blocker Company” and collectively, the “Blocker Companies”), entered into an agreement and plan of merger with Rubicon Technologies, LLC a Delaware limited liability company (“Rubicon”) (as it may be amended and/or restated from time to time, the “Merger Agreement”Holdings LLC”).

In accordance with the terms and subject Pursuant to the conditions of the Merger Agreement, at the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the “Closing”), Rubicon Interests will automatically be cancelled and cease to exist and be converted into the right to receive securities in Rubicon and/or Pubco as follows: Pubco will be issued Class A Units in Rubicon and holders of Rubicon Interests immediately before the Closing, other than the Blocker Companies (the “Blocked Unitholders”), will be issued Class B Units in Rubicon (the “Continuing Rubicon Unitholders”), in each case, as authorized by the Amended & Restated LLC Operating Agreement of Rubicon that will be adopted at the time of the Merger. Pubco will issue to the Continuing Rubicon Unitholders a number of Surviving Pubco Class V shares equal to the number of Class B Units of Rubicon issued to the Continuing Rubicon Unitholders. Blocked Unitholders immediately before the Closing will be issued Surviving Pubco Class A shares (as a result of the Blocker Mergers). Phantom Unitholders and certain current and former directors, officers and employees of Rubicon will be entitled to receive restricted Surviving Pubco Class A shares, issuable pursuant to the adoption of Pubco’s equity incentive plan (the “Incentive Plan”) and the effectiveness of a registration statement filed by Pubco on Form S-8 following the Closing. Restricted Surviving Pubco Class A shares will vest six months following the Closing.

In addition to the securities issuable at the Closing and pursuant to the Incentive Plan, certain officers and employees of Rubicon will be entitled to one-time cash payments (the “Cash Transaction Bonuses”). Any Cash Transaction Bonuses in excess of $17.5 million in the aggregate will reduce the Merger consideration set forth above on a dollar for dollar basis. The total Merger consideration issuable by Rubicon and Pubco to holders of Company Interests, prior to any deduction as a result of the Excess Cash Transaction Bonus Amount, is equal to $1.5 billion.

Holders of Rubicon Units (other than Phantom Unitholders) immediately before the Closing will also be entitled to receive a pro rata portion of the number of (i) Surviving Pubco Class A shares and (ii) Class B Units and Surviving Pubco Class V Shares equal, in the aggregate, to 10,389,359, depending upon the performance of Surviving Pubco Class A shares during the five (5) year period after the Closing.

The consummation of the Merger is conditioned upon, among other things, that (i)Founder domesticated as a Delaware corporation, changed its name to Rubicon Technologies, Inc. (“Rubicon”) and began trading on the Company has at least $5,000,001 of net tangible assets (as determined in accordance with Rule 3a51-1(g)(1) of theNew York Stock Exchange Act, (ii) the expiration or termination of the waiting period (or any extension thereof) applicable(“NYSE”) under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976 and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (the “HSR Act”), and (iii) there shall not be in force any order, statute, rule or regulation enjoining or prohibiting the consummation of the Merger by a Governmental Authority with jurisdiction over the parties with respect to the transactions contemplated.symbols “RBT”.

Rubicon has separate closing conditions, including, among others thatCertain additional agreements were entered into connection with the sum of the amount in the Company’s trust account at the Closing (calculated net of any stockholder redemptions but prior to the payment of any transaction expenses), plus the proceeds of the PIPE Financing, equals or exceeds $111 million.

The Company has separate closing conditions, including, among others, (i) no Rubicon Material Adverse Effect shall have occurred since the dateexecution of the Merger Agreement and (ii) Rubicon has obtained the requisite approval of its interest holders to consummate the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement.

The parties to the Merger Agreement have made customary representations, warranties, and covenants in the Merger Agreement, including, among others, covenants with respect to the conduct of Rubicon and Company and its subsidiaries prior to the closing of the Merger.Business Combination (the “Related Agreements”). The Related Agreements include subscription agreements, sponsor agreement, support agreement, lock-up agreements, amended and restated registration rights agreement, tax receivable agreement, warrant agreement amendment, amended and restated limited liability company agreement, equity investment agreement, and forward purchase agreement.

Human Capital Resources

Our People and Culture

We are passionate about our people, and work hard to attract, develop, and retain employees who share our core values and are committed to achieving our mission to end waste. As of December 31, 2023, we had 340 employees, 336 of whom were based in the United States. None of our employees are represented by a labor union, and we consider our relations with our employees to be very good. A strong commitment to diversity and inclusion is central to our core values in all that we do. We also support the following employee affinity groups: African American Affinity Group, Latin American and Caribbean Heritage Affinity Group, Asian and Pacific Islander Affinity Group, Veterans Affinity Group, LGBTQ+ Affinity Group, and Women in Leadership Affinity Group. The Merger Agreementgroups meet routinely to discuss matters important to them, host social events and volunteer opportunities, and make presentations at our All Hands meetings to share topics of interest with all our employees.

Benefits, Health, Safety & Wellbeing

We are proud to offer an employee benefits package that aligns with our commitment to being a great place to work. This includes benefits such as employer sponsored medical insurance for the family unit, an employee assistance program for mental wellbeing, paid maternity and paternity leave, and unlimited vacation for exempt employees. We also focus on the financial wellbeing of our employees with competitive compensation, a 401(k) plan with employer match, and financial education programs.

We currently maintain three offices: a headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia; and offices in New York, New York and Tinton Falls, New Jersey. The remainder of our employees work from their home.

Sales

The Commercial Sales organization is responsible for initiatives to drive growth, retention, and overall client satisfaction through new opportunity development, pipeline execution, account planning, and client service.

The Commercial Sales organization is separated into the below business units:

We established a “land and expand” strategy within our existing book of business which we believe has delivered more reliable and substantial revenue growth on a year-over-year basis. This strategy means that we may be terminatedinitially acquire a small footprint of a waste generator customer account, a municipality or a hauler/recycler and over time expand the product offering through the RUBICONConnect platform, RUBICONSmartCity and RUBICONPro.

Marketing

In order to market our services effectively, acquire new customers, and build brand awareness in key geographies, we deploy a multi-channel marketing strategy designed to reach prospects and expand our relationships with existing customers – a “land and expand” strategy – by Company or Acquiror under certain circumstances,communicating the operational benefits and value of our solutions. Our paid marketing campaigns, discussed in more detail below, are augmented by other unpaid/organic activities including among others, (i)regular social media updates and press/media placements. We also use a range of brand assets to further drive awareness of our products and services in high-value and high-visibility placements.

Digital –Digital advertising, which includes website display ads, geo-targeted mobile advertising, pay-per-click, and paid search advertising such as Google and Bing, is a central component of our marketing strategy. Given this channel’s precise targeting capabilities, we can effectively and efficiently reach our ideal buyers wherever they are.

Social Media –Our social channels are a key part of our marketing efforts. Using both paid and organic programs, we advertise on a number of different social media feeds and channels, including LinkedIn, Instagram, Facebook and X.

Offline Media –We run offline advertising campaigns in markets where such opportunities are available and of demonstrable value, including billboards/out-of-home placements, and transit advertising.

Events –We participate in many industry and industry-adjacent events identified by mutual written consent of Companyour marketing team in close consultation with our Commercial Sales Organization. We also have an enterprise webinar platform which is used to develop and Acquiror, (ii) by Company or Acquiror if either Company or Acquiror has not obtained the required approval of its interest holders or shareholders,co-host webinars with customers, prospects, thought-leaders, and (iii) by Company or Acquiror if the Closing has not occurredofficials on or before the date that is eight (8) months after the dateimportant waste and recycling industry topics such as food waste and labeling, plastic pollution, and environmental innovation.

Special Projects –Each year, we run special projects intended to further our mission and build our profile in our industry and beyond. One of the Merger Agreement.

Our units, Class A ordinary sharesnotable examples is Trash or Treasure – our Halloween and warrantsValentine's Day campaigns targeted at schools and businesses, which are each traded ondesigned to mitigate the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbols “FOUNU,” “FOUN” and “FOUNW,” respectively. Our units commenced public trading on October 15, 2021, and our Class A ordinary shares and warrants commenced separate public trading on December 6, 2021.

Our Business Strategy

From infrastructure to applications, including artificial intelligence and machine learning, Digital Transformation spans a wide addressable market. Opportunities to improve capital efficiency and operations through software-enabled solutions exist across every industry. Much of this transformation is fueled by users consuming and transacting across digital channels, increasing worldwide broadband penetration and adoption of Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) applications. The ongoing transition in consumer experience and engagement underscores this trend. Per Federal Reserve Economic Data, at the end of 2020, e-commerce transactions constituted 14.0% of all retail sales in the U.S., compared with 10.1% at the end of 2018.⁵

The convergence of increasing technology adoption and changing consumer behavior toward online channels is generating immense data. Per IDC estimates, in 2020waste that builds up over 64 zettabytes (ZB) of data was expected to be created, captured, copied and consumed in the world, and is estimated to grow at a 23% CAGR through 2025.⁶ Digital Transformation is driving this exponential increase and presenting innovative entrepreneurs with large opportunities as a result. More companies are constantly developing data-driven solutions to optimize existing processes and explore new ones.

While companies that directly face the end-user have received the bulk of investment dollars over recent years, we believe that technologies powering these companies have not received the same investor attention despite their importance to the broader digital ecosystem. IDC estimates that the global enterprise application software market will be $219 billion in 2021, growing at a 6.6% CAGR to $266 billion in 2024.⁷ We believe that this transformation represents a large, long-term trend, and that, through their backgrounds and networks, our team is well-positioned to uncover and cultivate transformative companies.

Many high-growth software companies with significant market share remain private. We believe this presents investors with a rich environment of compelling, long-term opportunities with asymmetric return profiles. We expect that disruptive technology will displace industry incumbents and increase efficiencies, enabling significant market share gains. We believe that these technologies offer significant, global transformational opportunities, and our SPAC is well-positioned to participate in this rapid value creation.

Our team and our broader network are comprised of practitioners who are enthusiastic about transformation. Over the course of their respective careers, our executives, advisors,these holiday seasons.

Communications Programs –We pursue media placements with industry and directors have developed long-standing, valuable networksnon-industry publications and actively pitches stories to journalists and media outlets to garner additional coverage.

Competition

Our industry is highly competitive, and we encounter intense competition from governmental, quasi-governmental and private company executives,sources in all aspects of our operations. Our platform and solutions address the needs of a variety of industry participants, including waste generators, haulers/recyclers, and varying levels of government, meaning we compete in a number of segments with a wide array of competitors, including some of our own customers. We principally compete with large national waste management companies such as Waste Management and Republic Services, counties and municipalities that maintain and manage their own waste collection and disposal operations, and regional and local companies of varying sizes and financial resources. Our industry also includes companies that specialize in certain discrete areas of waste management, operators of alternative disposal facilities, companies that seek to use parts of the waste stream as feedstock for renewable energy and other investors. These professionalby-products, and personal networks afford us accessother waste brokers that rely upon haulers in local markets to a considerable pipeline of opportunities and market intelligence, and we intend to capitalize on this competitive strength.address customer needs.

Competitive Strengths & Advantages

We believe our competitive strength lies in our management team’s experience as not only investors and deal makers, but, most importantly, as owners and operators of large enterprises, both private and public. We believe this combination of skillsets will enable us to guide private companies to the public markets while maintaining the integrity of the target’s mission and values. Our key differentiators are as follows:

Business Combination Criteria

Our business combination criteria are focused on finding high-quality companies actively engaged in transformational change. We believe companies within the enterprise value range of $1.0 to $2.5 billion represent an attractive range for acquisition targets, although we would carefully consider compelling opportunities falling outside that range. Although have and will consider targets across industries, we believe that our management’s specific operating experience affords us distinct competitive advantages in terms of sourcing technology targets enabling and advancing Digital Transformation. Within this field, we have targeted industry leaders in SaaS applications, optimization solutions, security, edge computing / internet of things, and big data / artificial intelligence. The key characteristics of the types of companies we targeted are as follows:

As listed above, we have taken into consideration certain financial and operational metrics within our decision-making framework. These metrics include, but are not limited to, revenue and annual recurring revenue growth, customer and revenue retention rates (both gross and net), and gross profit margin. We believe targets developing transformative solutions and exhibiting low customer churn, high operating leverage, and outsized growth potential present compelling target candidates.

These criteria are not intended to be exhaustive. Any evaluation related to the merits of an initial business combination may be based, to the extent relevant,compete on these generic guidelines as well as other considerations, factors, and criteria that our management deems relevant.

Initial Business Combination

So long as our securities are then listed on Nasdaq, our initial business combination must occur with one or more target businesses that together have an aggregate fair market value of at least 80% of the net assets held in the trust account (excluding the deferred underwriting commissions and taxes payable on the interest earned on the trust account) at the time of signing a definitive agreement in connection with our initial business combination. If our board of directors is not able to independently determine the fair market value of the target business or businesses, we will obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm or an independent valuation or appraisal firm with respect to the satisfaction of such criteria. While we consider it unlikely that our board will not be able to make an independent determination of the fair market value of a target business or businesses, it may be unable to do so if the board is less familiar or experienced with the target company’s business, there is a significant amount of uncertainty as to the value of the company’s assets or prospects, including if such company is at an early stage of development, operations or growth, or if the anticipated transaction involves a complex financial analysis or other specialized skills and the board determines that outside expertise would be helpful or necessary in conducting such analysis. Since any opinion, if obtained, would merely state that the fair market value of the target business meets the 80% of net assets threshold, unless such opinion includes material information regarding the valuation of a target business or the consideration to be provided, it is not anticipated that copies of such opinion would be distributed to our shareholders. However, if required under applicable law, any proxy statement that we deliver to shareholders and file with the SEC in connection with a proposed transaction will include such opinion.

We anticipate structuring our initial business combination so that the post-business combination company in which our public shareholders own shares will own or acquire 100% of the equity interests or assets of the target business or businesses. We may, however, structure our initial business combination such that the post-business combination company owns or acquires less than 100% of such interests or assets of the target business in order to meet certain objectives of the target management team or shareholders or for other reasons, but we will only complete such business combination if the post-business combination company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. Even if the post-business combination company owns or acquires 50% or more of the voting securities of the target, our shareholders prior to the business combination may collectively own a minority interest in the post-business combination company, depending on valuations ascribed to the target and us in the business combination. For example, we could pursue a transaction in which we issue a substantial number of new shares in exchange for all of the outstanding capital stock of a target. In this case, we would acquire a 100% controlling interest in the target. However, as a result of the issuance of a substantial number of new shares, our shareholders immediately prior to our initial business combination could own less than a majority of our outstanding shares subsequent to our initial business combination. If less than 100% of the equity interests or assets of a target business or businesses are owned or acquired by the post-business combination company, the portion of such business or businesses that is owned or acquired is what will be valued for purposes of the 80% of net assets test. If the business combination involves more than one target business, the 80% of net assets test will be based on the aggregate value of all of the target businesses. In addition, we have agreed not to enter into a definitive agreement regarding an initial business combination without the prior consent of our sponsor. If our securities are not then listed on Nasdaq for whatever reason, we would no longer be required to meet the foregoing 80% of net assets test.

To the extent we effect our initial business combination with a company or business that may be financially unstable or in its early stages of development or growth, we may be affected by numerous risks inherent in such company or business. Although our management will endeavor to evaluate the risks inherent in a particular target business, we cannot assure you that we will properly ascertain or assess all significant risk factors.

The time required to select and evaluate a target business and to structure and complete our initial business combination, and the costs associated with this process, are not currently ascertainable with any degree of certainty. Any costs incurred with respect to the identification and evaluation of a prospective target business with which our initial business combination is not ultimately completed will result in our incurring losses and will reduce the funds we can use to complete another business combination.

Shareholders May Not Have the Ability to Approve Our Initial Business Combination

We may conduct redemptions without a shareholder vote pursuant to the tender offer rules of the SEC subject to the provisions of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association. However, we will seek shareholder approval if it is required by applicable law or stock exchange listing requirement, or we may decide to seek shareholder approval for business or other reasons.

Under Nasdaq’s listing rules, shareholder approval would typically be required for our initial business combination if, for example:

The decision as to whether we will seek shareholder approval of a proposed business combination in those instances in which shareholder approval is not required by law will be made by us, solely in our discretion, and will be based on business and reasons, which include a variety of factors, including quality of services, ease of doing business and price.

Product Development

We continue to make substantial investments in product development because we believe it is essential to improve and optimize our platform and underpins our goal to drive innovation in the waste and recycling industry. Our product development roadmap balances technology advances and new offerings with regular enhancements to existing solutions. We are continuously looking for ways to improve our proprietary platform and solutions, following a roadmap to build and deliver additional functionalities to our customers and partners. Our allocation of product development resources is guided by management-established priorities, input from team members, and user and sales force feedback.

As of December 31, 2023, we had 33 employees focused on our product development activities. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, our product development spending was $29.6 million and $37.5 million, respectively, and, as a percentage of total revenues, was 4.3% and 5.5%, respectively. We intend to continue to invest in our product development capabilities to extend our platform but not limited to:

Permitted Purchases and Other Transactions with Respect to Our Securities

If we seek shareholder approval of our initial businessincreased focus on operational efficiencies and cost reduction measures across the organization.

Intellectual Property

Intellectual property rights are critical to our success. We rely on a combination of patents, copyright, trademark, and trade secrets in the United States and other jurisdictions, as well as confidentiality procedures, non-disclosure agreements with third parties, and other contractual protections, to protect our intellectual property rights, including our proprietary platform, software, know-how, and brand. As of December 31, 2023, we had more than 60 patents granted in the United States and internationally combined. Among other things, our patents and published patent applications address hauler and vendor facing innovations that enable monitoring and management of waste hauling vehicles including service confirmation, load monitoring, vehicle weight determination, bin overflow detection, route determination, intelligent dispatching, unscheduled stop detection, and remote waste auditing; customer-facing innovations that allow customers to make on-demand service requests, remotely manage waste services, request bulk material removal, and track waste receptacles; innovations related to intelligent dispatching, remote auditing, route generation, and residential waste management systems; and smart cities innovations including systems for monitoring waste service regulation and compliance data, road condition detection, smart bins and sensors offering use-based incentives, and air quality-based waste management. In addition, from time to time we enter into collaboration arrangements and in-bound licensing agreements with third parties, including certain of our competitors, in order to expand the functionality and interoperability of our solutions. We are not substantially dependent upon any one of these arrangements, and we are not obligated to pay any material royalty or license fees with respect to them.

Our names, logos, website names, and addresses are owned by us or licensed by us. We reference herein trademarks, trade names, and service marks of other companies, which are the property of their respective owners. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to herein may appear without the ®, TM, or SM symbols, but the lack of those references is not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the right of the applicable licensor to these trademarks, trade names, and service marks. We do not intend our use or display of other parties’ trademarks, trade names, or service marks to imply - and such use or display should not be construed to imply - endorsement or sponsorship of us by these other parties.

Regulation

The waste and recycling industry is highly regulated with a complex array of laws, rules, orders and interpretations governing environmental protection, health, safety, land use, zoning, transportation and related matters. These regulations and related enforcement actions can significantly restrict operations of landfill operators and haulers by imposing: limitations on siting and constructing new or expanding existing waste disposal, transfer, recycling or processing facilities; limitations or levies on collection and disposal prices, rates and volumes; limitations or bans on disposal or transportation of out-of-state waste or certain categories of waste; mandates regarding management of solid waste, including requirements to recycle, divert or otherwise process certain waste, recycling and other streams; or limitations or restrictions on the recycling, processing or transformation of waste, recycling and other streams. Additionally, landfill operations emit anthropogenic methane, identified as a greenhouse gas, and vehicle fleets emit, among other things, carbon dioxide, which also is a greenhouse gas, and efforts to curtail the emission of these and other greenhouse gases and to ameliorate the effects of climate change continue to progress. Although passage of comprehensive, federal climate change legislation may not occur in the near term, any such legislation, if enacted, could significantly restrict and impose significant costs on the waste industry. Although we do not conduct redemptions in connection with our initial business combination pursuant to the tender offer rules, our sponsor, directors, executive officers, advisorsown or their affiliates may purchase public sharesoperate landfills or warrants in privately negotiated transactions or in the open market either prior to or following the completiontransfer stations nor do we operate as a hauler, many of our initial business combination. Additionally, at any time at or prior to our initial business combination, subject to applicable securities laws (includingcustomers and third parties with respect to material nonpublic information), our sponsor, directors, executive officers, advisors or their affiliates may enter into transactions with investors and others to provide them with incentives to acquire public shares, vote their public shares in favor of our initial business combination or not redeem their public shares. However, they have no current commitments, plans or intentions to engage in such transactions and have not formulated any terms or conditions for any such transactions. None of the funds in the trust account will be used to purchase public shares or warrants in such transactions. If they engage in such transactions, they will be restricted from making any such purchases when theywhom we contract are in possessionone or more of any material non-public information not disclosed to the seller or if such purchases are prohibited by Regulation M under the Exchange Act.

In the event that our sponsor, directors, officers, advisors or their affiliates purchase shares in privately negotiated transactions from public shareholders who have already elected to exercise their redemption rights or submitted a proxy to vote against our initial business combination, such selling shareholders would be required to revoke their prior elections to redeem their sharesthese categories, and any proxy to vote against our initial business combination. We do not currently anticipate that such purchases, if any, would constitute a tender offertherefore subject to the tender offer rules underforegoing regulations.

Information About Our Executive Officers

The following are our current executive officers:

Phil Rodoni. Mr. Rodoni is our Chief Executive Officer and a member of our Board. Until October 2022, Mr. Rodoni served as our Chief Technology Officer and in this role at Holdings LLC since 2015, where he leads all of Rubicon’s technology innovation, product development, business intelligence, and research and development. From 2011 to 2015, Mr. Rodoni served as Vice President of Software Development at Esurance, where he enabled the Exchange Act orcompany to expand its offerings and geographic footprint. From 2010 to 2011, Mr. Rodoni served as Vice President of Software Development at Travelzoo (Nasdaq: TZOO). Prior to that, Mr. Rodoni served as Vice President of eBusiness at Charles Schwab (NYSE: SCHW) where he launched its mobile offerings and managed its electronic channels from 1997 to 2009 and Senior Consultant at SEER Technologies from 1994 to 1997. Mr. Rodoni received a going-private transactionB.A in Economics from the University of California at Berkeley and an M.B.A. from the Haas School of Business.

Kevin Schubert. Mr. Schubert is our President as of November 2022 and our Chief Financial Officer as of February 2023. He previously served as our Chief Development Officer and Head of Investor Relations since August 2022. Prior to joining Rubicon, Mr. Schubert held senior executive and advisory roles in multiple companies, including as Chief Financial Officer of the Ocean Park Group, an early stage company focused on experiential hospitality, from August 2020 to August 2022, as a Consultant to Founder SPAC, the Company’s predecessor, from December 2021 to May 2022 and as Chief Operating Officer of Altitude Acquisition Corp. from December 2020 to August 2022. In addition, Mr. Schubert served as the Senior Vice President of Corporate Development and Strategy at Red Rock Resorts, Inc. from August 2017 to July 2020, where he led key initiatives in mergers and acquisitions, contract negotiation, and strategic planning, and as Vice President of Strategy and Operations and Associate General Counsel at Las Vegas Sands Corp. Mr. Schubert started his career as a consultant at Accenture and was trained as an attorney at Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, where he was a Corporate Finance Associate. Mr. Schubert received both a J.D. and an M.B.A. from The University of California, Los Angeles and a Bachelor of Science in Management Information Systems from The University of Arizona.

Tom Owston. Mr. Owston is our Chief Commercial Officer and previously served in this role at Holdings LLC since June 2021, overseeing all U.S. accounts with a focus on retention, customer satisfaction, and growth. From September 2020 to June 2021, Mr. Owston was Holdings LLC’s Vice President of Sales and Customer Relations. He rejoined Holdings LLC in September 2020, after two years at ADP (Nasdaq: ADP), where he served as District Manager for TotalSource and consulted with companies on HR solutions. Prior to ADP, Mr. Owston was Holdings LLC’s Director of Retail Business from 2015-2018. Previously, Mr. Owston worked as an Account Executive at Mercatus, a vertical SaaS platform built specifically for the renewable energy industry, and as a Strategic Account Director at Big Belly Solar, an Internet of Things trashcan hardware/software company. Mr. Owston received a B.S. in History with a minor in Business Administration from Northeastern University and currently serves as a member of the board of directors for Northeastern University’s Rowing Program.

Available Information

We are subject to the going-private rules under the Exchange Act; however, if the purchasers determine at the time of any such purchases that the purchases are subject to such rules, the purchasers will be required to comply with such rules.

The purpose of any such transaction could be to (i) vote in favor of the business combinationinformation and thereby increase the likelihood of obtaining shareholder approval of the business combination, (ii) reduce the number of public warrants outstanding or vote such warrants on any matters submitted to the warrant holders for approval in connection with our initial business combination or (iii) satisfy a closing condition in an agreement with a target that requires us to have a minimum net worth or a certain amount of cash at the closing of our initial business combination, where it appears that such requirement would otherwise not be met. Any such purchases of our securities may result in the completion of our initial business combination that may not otherwise have been possible.

In addition, if such purchases are made, the public “float” of our Class A ordinary shares or public warrants may be reduced and the number of beneficial holders of our securities may be reduced, which may make it difficult to maintain or obtain the quotation, listing or trading of our securities on a national securities exchange.

Our sponsor, officers, directors, advisors and/or their affiliates anticipate that they may identify the shareholders with whom our sponsor, officers, directors, advisors or their affiliates may pursue privately negotiated transactions by either the shareholders contacting us directly or by our receipt of redemption requests submitted by shareholders (in the case of Class A ordinary shares) following our mailing of tender offer or proxy materials in connection with our initial business combination. To the extent that our sponsor, officers, directors, advisors or their affiliates enter into a private transaction, they would identify and contact only potential selling or redeeming shareholders who have expressed their election to redeem their shares for a pro rata share of the trust account or vote against our initial business combination, whether or not such shareholder has already submitted a proxy with respect to our initial business combination but only if such shares have not already been voted at the general meeting related to our initial business combination. Our sponsor, executive officers, directors, advisors or their affiliates will select which shareholders to purchase shares from based on the negotiated price and number of shares and any other factors that they may deem relevant, and will be restricted from purchasing shares if such purchases do not comply with Regulation M under the Exchange Act and the other federal securities laws.

Our sponsor, officers, directors, advisors and/or their affiliates will be restricted from making purchases of shares if the purchases would violate Section 9(a)(2) or Rule 10b-5 of the Exchange Act. We expect any such purchases would be reported by such person pursuant to Section 13 and Section 16 of the Exchange Act to the extent such purchasers are subject to such reporting requirements.

Redemption Rights for Public Shareholders upon Completion of Our Initial Business Combination

We will provide our public shareholders with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Class A ordinary shares upon the completion of our initial business combination at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account calculated as of two business days prior to the consummation of the initial business combination, including interest earned on the funds held in the trust account and not previously released to us to pay our taxes, if any, divided by the number of then-outstanding public shares, subject to the limitations described herein. The amount in the trust account is initially anticipated to be $10.15 per public share. The per-share amount we will distribute to investors who properly redeem their shares will not be reduced by the deferred underwriting commissions we will pay to the underwriter. The redemption rights will include the requirement that a beneficial holder must identify itself in order to validly redeem its shares. There will be no redemption rights upon the completion of our initial business combination with respect to our warrants. Further, we will not proceed with redeeming our public shares, even if a public shareholder has properly elected to redeem its shares, if a business combination does not close. Our sponsor and each member of our management team have entered into an agreement with us, pursuant to which they have agreed to waive their redemption rights with respect to any founder shares and public shares held by them in connection with (i) the completion of our initial business combination and (ii) a shareholder vote to approve an amendment to our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association (A) that would modify the substance or timing of our obligation to provide holders of our Class A ordinary shares the right to have their shares redeemed in connection with our initial business combination or to redeem 100% of our public shares if we do not complete our initial business combination within 15 months (or up to 18 months if we extend the period of time to consummate a business combination) from the closing of our initial public offering or (B) with respect to any other provision relating to the rights of holders of our Class A ordinary shares.

Limitations on Redemptions

Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association will provide that in no event will we redeem our public shares in an amount that would cause our net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001 (so that we do not then become subject to the SEC’s “penny stock” rules). However, the proposed business combination may require: (i) cash consideration to be paid to the target or its owners, (ii) cash to be transferred to the target for working capital or other general corporate purposes or (iii) the retention of cash to satisfy other conditions in accordance with the terms of the proposed business combination. In the event the aggregate cash consideration we would be required to pay for all Class A ordinary shares that are validly submitted for redemption plus any amount required to satisfy cash conditions pursuant to the terms of the proposed business combination exceed the aggregate amount of cash available to us, we will not complete the business combination or redeem any shares, and all Class A ordinary shares submitted for redemption will be returned to the holders thereof.

Manner of Conducting Redemptions

We will provide our public shareholders with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Class A ordinary shares upon the completion of our initial business combination either (i) in connection with a general meeting called to approve the business combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether we will seek shareholder approval of a proposed business combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by us, solely in our discretion, and will be based on a variety of factors such as the timing of the transaction and whether the terms of the transaction would require us to seek shareholder approval under applicable law or stock exchange listing requirement or whether we were deemed to be a foreign private issuer (which would require a tender offer rather than seeking shareholder approval under SEC rules). Asset acquisitions and share purchases would not typically require shareholder approval while direct mergers with our company where we do not survive and any transactions where we issue more than 20% of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares or seek to amend our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association would typically require shareholder approval. We currently intend to conduct redemptions in connection with a shareholder vote unless shareholder approval is not required by applicable law or stock exchange listing requirement or we choose to conduct redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the SEC for business or other reasons. So long as we obtain and maintain a listing for our securities on Nasdaq, we will be required to comply with Nasdaq rules.

If we hold a shareholder vote to approve our initial business combination, we will, pursuant to our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association:

In the event that we seek shareholder approval of our initial business combination, we will distribute proxy materials and, in connection therewith, provide our public shareholders with the redemption rights described above upon completion of the initial business combination.

If we seek shareholder approval, we will complete our initial business combination only if we obtain the approval of an ordinary resolution under Cayman Islands law, which requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the shareholders who attend and vote at a general meeting of the company. In such case, our sponsor and each member of our management team have agreed to vote their founder shares and public shares in favor of our initial business combination. As a result, in addition to our initial purchaser’s founder shares, we would need 11,859,375, or 37.5% (assuming all issued and outstanding shares are voted), or 1,976,563, or 6.25% (assuming only the minimum number of shares representing a quorum are voted), of the 31,625,000 public shares sold in our initial public offering to be voted in favor of an initial business combination in order to have our initial business combination approved. Each public shareholder may elect to redeem their public shares irrespective of whether they vote for or against the proposed transaction or vote at all. In addition, our sponsor and each member of our management team have entered into an agreement with us, pursuant to which they have agreed to waive their redemption rights with respect to any founder shares and public shares held by them in connection with (i) the completion of a business combination and (ii) a shareholder vote to approve an amendment to our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association (A) that would modify the substance or timing of our obligation to provide holders of our Class A ordinary shares the right to have their shares redeemed in connection with our initial business combination or to redeem 100% of our public shares if we do not complete our initial business combination within 15 months (or up to 18 months if we extend the period of time to consummate a business combination) from the closing of our initial public offering or (B) with respect to any other provision relating to the rights of holders of our Class A ordinary shares.

If we conduct redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the SEC, we will, pursuant to our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association:

Upon the public announcement of our initial business combination, if we elect to conduct redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules, we and our sponsor will terminate any plan established in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 to purchase Class A ordinary shares in the open market, in order to comply with Rule 14e-5 under the Exchange Act.

In the event we conduct redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules, our offer to redeem will remain open for at least 20 business days, in accordance with Rule 14e-1(a) under the Exchange Act, and we will not be permitted to complete our initial business combination until the expiration of the tender offer period. In addition, the tender offer will be conditioned on public shareholders not tendering more than the number of public shares we are permitted to redeem. If public shareholders tender more shares than we have offered to purchase, we will withdraw the tender offer and not complete such initial business combination.

Limitation on Redemption upon Completion of Our Initial Business Combination If We Seek Shareholder Approval

If we seek shareholder approval of our initial business combination and we do not conduct redemptions in connection with our initial business combination pursuant to the tender offer rules, our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association will provide that a public shareholder, together with any affiliate of such shareholder or any other person with whom such shareholder is acting in concert or as a “group” (as defined under Section 13 of the Exchange Act), will be restricted from redeeming its shares with respect to more than an aggregate of 15% of the shares sold in our initial public offering, which we refer to as “Excess Shares,” without our prior consent. We believe this restriction will discourage shareholders from accumulating large blocks of shares, and subsequent attempts by such holders to use their ability to exercise their redemption rights against a proposed business combination as a means to force us or our management to purchase their shares at a significant premium to the then-current market price or on other undesirable terms. Absent this provision, a public shareholder holding more than an aggregate of 15% of the shares sold in our initial public offering could threaten to exercise its redemption rights if such holder’s shares are not purchased by us, our sponsor or our management at a premium to the then-current market price or on other undesirable terms. By limiting our shareholders’ ability to redeem no more than 15% of the shares sold in our initial public offering without our prior consent, we believe we will limit the ability of a small group of shareholders to unreasonably attempt to block our ability to complete our initial business combination, particularly in connection with a business combination with a target that requires as a closing condition that we have a minimum net worth or a certain amount of cash.

However, we would not be restricting our shareholders’ ability to vote all of their shares (including Excess Shares) for or against our initial business combination.

Amended and Restated Memorandum and Articles of Association.

Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association contain provisions designed to provide certain rights and protections relating to our initial public offering that will apply to us until the completion of our initial business combination. These provisions cannot be amended without a special resolution under Cayman Islands law. As a matter of Cayman Islands law, a resolution is deemed to be a special resolution where it has been approved by either (i) the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds (or any higher threshold specified in a company’s articles of association) of a company’s shareholders at a general meeting for which notice specifying the intention to propose the resolution as a special resolution has been given; or (ii) if so authorized by a company’s articles of association, by a unanimous written resolution of all of the company’s shareholders. Other than as described above, our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association will provide that special resolutions must be approved either by at least two-thirds of our shareholders (i.e., the lowest threshold permissible under Cayman Islands law), or by a unanimous written resolution of all of our shareholders.

Our sponsor and its permitted transferees, if any, who will collectively beneficially own 20% of our ordinary shares upon the closing of our initial public offering (assuming they do not purchase any units in our initial public offering), will participate in any vote to amend our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association and will have the discretion to vote in any manner they choose. Specifically, our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association will provide, among other things, that:

If a shareholder vote on our initial business combination is not required by applicable law or stock exchange listing requirements and we do not decide to hold a shareholder vote for business or other reasons, we will offer to redeem our public shares pursuant to Rule 13e-4 and Regulation 14E of the Exchange Act and, willin accordance with this law, we file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to completing our initial business combination which contain substantially the same financialannual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information about our initial business combination andwith the redemption rights as is required under Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act;

In addition, our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association will provide that under no circumstances will we redeem our public shares in an amount that would cause our net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001.

Competition

In identifying, evaluating and selecting a target business for our initial business combination, we may encounter intense competition from other entities having a business objective similar to ours, including other blank check companies, private equity groups and leveraged buyout funds, public companies, operating businesses seeking strategic acquisitions. Many of these entities are well established and have extensive experience identifying and effecting business combinations directly or through affiliates. Moreover, many of these competitors possess greater financial, technical, human and other resources than us. Our ability to acquire larger target businesses will be limited by our available financial resources. This inherent limitation gives others an advantage in pursuing the acquisition of a target business. Furthermore, our obligation to pay cash in connection with our public shareholders who exercise their redemption rights may reduce the resources available to us forthe public over the internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and on our initial business combination and our outstanding warrants, and the future dilutionwebsite, free of charge, at www.rubicon.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after they potentially represent, may not be viewed favorably by certain target businesses. Either of these factors may place us at a competitive disadvantage in successfully negotiating an initial business combination.

Indemnity

Our sponsor has agreed that it will be liable to us if andare electronically filed with, or furnished to, the extent any claims by a third party (other than our independent registered public accounting firm) for services rendered or products sold to us, or a prospective target business with which we have discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the trust account to below (1) $10.00 per public share or (2) such lesser amount per public share held in the trust account as of the date of the liquidation of the trust account due to reductions in the value of the trust assets, in each case net of the interest which may be withdrawn to pay taxes, except as to any claims by a third party who executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the trust account and except as to any claims under our indemnity of the underwriters of our Initial Public Offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, our sponsor will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third-party claims. We have not independently verified whether our sponsor has sufficient funds to satisfy their indemnity obligations and believe that our sponsor’s only assets are securities of our company and, therefore, our sponsor may not be able to satisfy those obligations. We have not asked our sponsor to reserve for such obligations.

Facilities

We currently maintain our executive offices at 11572 Lake Potomac Drive, Potomac MD, 20854. We consider our current office space adequate for our current operations.

Employees

We currently have one executive officer. These individuals are not obligated to devote any specific number of hours to our matters but they intend to devote as much of their time as they deem necessary to our affairs until we have completed our initial business combination.SEC. The amount of time they will devote in any time period will vary based on whether a target business has been selected for our initial business combination and the stage of the business combination process we are in. We do not intend to have any full time employees prior to the completion of our initial business combination.

Corporate Information

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. As such, we are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies” including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a non-binding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. If some investors find our securities less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our securities and the prices of our securities may be more volatile.

In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We intend to take advantage of the benefits of this extended transition period.

We will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of: (1) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following the fifth anniversary of the completion of our initial public offering, (b) in which we have total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion, or (c) in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our ordinary shares that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the end of that year’s second fiscal quarter; and (2) the date on which we have issued more than $1.00 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period. References herein to “emerging growth company” shall have the meaning associated with it in the JOBS Act.

Additionally, we are a “smaller reporting company” as defined in Item 10(f)(1) of Regulation S-K. Smaller reporting companies may take advantage of certain reduced disclosure obligations, including, among other things, providing only two years of audited financial statements. We will remain a smaller reporting company until the last day of the fiscal year in which (1) the market value of our ordinary shares held by non-affiliates equaled or exceeded $250 million as of the end of that fiscal year’s second fiscal quarter, or (2) our annual revenues equaled or exceeded $100 million during such completed fiscal year and the market value of our ordinary shares held by non-affiliates equaled or exceeded $700 million as of the end of that fiscal year’s second fiscal quarter.

Our executive offices are located at 11752 Lake Potomac Drive, Potomac, Maryland 20854, and our telephone number is (240) 418-2649 . We maintain a corporate website at www.founderspac.com. Our website and the information contained on,in or that can be accessed through, theaccessible from our website isdoes not deemed to be incorporated by reference in,constitute part of and is not consideredincorporated into this report, and you should not consider it part of this Annual Report. You should not rely on any such informationreport. We have included our website address in making your decision whether to invest in our securities.this report solely as an inactive textual reference.

Item1A. Risk Factors.

An investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should consider carefully all of the risks described below, together with the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K before making a decision to invest in our securities. If any of the following events occur, our business, financial condition and operating results may be materially adversely affected. In that event, the trading price of our securities could decline, and you could lose all or part of your investmentinvestment. The risk factors described below are not necessarily exhaustive and you are encouraged to perform your own investigation with respect to us and our business.

Risks RelatingRelated to Our Business and Industry

We have a history of net losses and project net losses in future periods. We may not appropriately manage our Consummationexpenses, nor achieve nor maintain profitability in the future.

We have experienced net losses in each year since inception, including net losses of $77.6 million and $281.8 million for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and we may incur net losses in the future. While we project net losses to continue in future periods, it is difficult for us to predict our future results of operations, and we expect our operating expenses to increase significantly over the next several years as we continue to hire additional personnel, expand our operations and infrastructure, integrate completed acquisitions, make and integrate future acquisitions and invest in product development. In addition to the expected costs to grow our business, we also expect to incur significant additional legal, accounting and other expenses as a public company. Our indebtedness also bears interest at rates as high as 17%, which requires us to commit significant amounts to interest expense. If we fail to increase our revenue to offset the increases in our operating expenses, we may not achieve or Inabilitysustain profitability in the future.

We may be unable to Consummate,manage our growth effectively.

Our growth strategy places significant demands on our financial, operational and management resources. To continue our growth, we may need to add administrative, managerial and other personnel, and may need to make additional investments in operations and systems and this expansion will require us to increase our spending on working capital. We cannot assure you that we will be able to find and train qualified personnel, or do so on a Business Combinationtimely basis, or to expand or otherwise modify our operations and systems to the extent, and in the time, required, or that we will be able to fund this expansion and increased spending on working capital from operating cash flows, debt or equity financing or other sources.

We are eligible to be treated as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our common stock less attractive to investors.

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act. For as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including, but not limited to, (1) not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which we refer to as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act or “SOX”, (2) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation and (3) exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We could be an emerging growth company for up to five years, although circumstances could cause us to lose that status earlier, including if the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates exceeds $700.0 million as of any June 30 before that time or if we have total annual gross revenue of $1.0 billion or more during any fiscal year before that time, in which cases we would no longer be an emerging growth company as of the following December 31 or, if we issue more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during any three-year period before that time, we would cease to be an emerging growth company immediately. Even after we no longer qualify as an emerging growth company, we may still qualify as a “smaller reporting company” which would allow us to take advantage of many of the same exemptions from disclosure requirements, including not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements. We cannot predict if investors will find our Class A Common Stock less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our Class A Common Stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our Class A Common Stock and our stock price may be more volatile.

Our independent registered public accounting firm is not required to formally attest to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting until the later of our second annual report or the first annual report required to be filed with the SEC following the date that we are no longer an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act. We cannot assure you that there will not be material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal controls in the future.

Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can also delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected, and expect to continue, to avail ourselves of this exemption from new or revised accounting standards and, therefore, will not be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.

Our shareholdersWe are an emerging growth company and smaller reporting company and as such are subject to various risks unique only to emerging growth companies and smaller reporting companies, including but not limited to, no requirement to provide an assessment of the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting.

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act. We will remain an emerging growth company until the earlier of (i) December 31, 2026, the last day of the fiscal year following the fifth anniversary of the date of the first sale of Founder’s initial public offering (the “IPO”); (ii) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenues of $1.0 billion or more; (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1 billion in nonconvertible debt during the previous three years; or (iv) the date on which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer under applicable SEC rules.

We expect that we will remain an emerging growth company for the foreseeable future but cannot retain our emerging growth company status indefinitely and will no longer qualify as an emerging growth company on or before December 31, 2026. References herein to “emerging growth company” have the meaning associated with it in the JOBS Act.

For so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we are permitted and intend to rely on exemptions from specified disclosure requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. These exemptions include:

Additionally, as an emerging growth company and smaller reporting company our status as such carries various unique risks such as the risk that our financial statements may not be afforded an opportunitycomparable to vote on our proposed initial business combination, which meansthose of other public companies, and the risk that we may complete our initial business combination even though a majority of our shareholders do not support such a combination.

We may choose not to hold a shareholder vote before we complete our initial business combination if the business combination would not require shareholder approval under applicable law or stock exchange listing requirement. For instance, if we were seeking to acquire a target business where the consideration we were paying in the transaction was all cash, we would typicallywill not be required to seek shareholder approval to complete such a transaction. Except for as required by applicable law or stock exchange listing requirement, the decision as to whether we will seek shareholder approval of a proposed business combination or will allow shareholders to sell their shares to us in a tender offer will be made by us, solely in our discretion, and will be based on a variety of factors, such as the timingprovide an assessment of the transaction and whether the terms of the transaction would otherwise require us to seek shareholder approval. Accordingly, we may complete our initial business combination even if holders of a majorityeffectiveness of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares do not approve of the business combination we complete. In addition, even if we seek shareholder approval, the holders ofinternal controls over financial reporting until our founder shares will participate in the vote on such approval.

Please see the section entitled “Proposed Business—Shareholders May Not Have the Ability to Approve Our Initial Business Combination” for additional information.

Your only opportunity to affect the investment decision regarding a potential business combination may be limited to the exercise of your right to redeem your shares from us for cash.

At the time of your investment in us, you will not be provided with an opportunity to evaluate the specific merits or risks of any target businesses. Since our board of directors may complete a business combination without seeking shareholder approval, public shareholders may not have the right or opportunity to vote on the business combination, unless we seek such shareholder approval. Accordingly, your only opportunity to affect the investment decision regarding a potential business combination may be limited to exercising your redemption rights within the period of time (which will be at least 20 business days) set forth in our tender offer documents mailed to our public shareholders in which we describe our initial business combination.

If we seek shareholder approval of our initial business combination, our sponsor and members of our management team have agreed to vote in favor of such initial business combination, regardless of how our public shareholders vote.

Our sponsor owns, on an as-converted basis, 20% of our outstanding ordinary shares. Our sponsor and members of our management team also may from time to time purchase Class A ordinary shares prior to our initial business combination. Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association will provide that, if we seek shareholder approval, we will complete our initial business combination only if we obtain the approval of an ordinary resolution under Cayman Islands law, which requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the shareholders who attend and vote at a general meeting of the company. As a result, in addition to our sponsor’s founder shares, we would need 11,859,375 , or 37.5% (assuming all issued and outstanding shares are voted and the over-allotment option is not exercised), or 1,976,563, or 6.25% (assuming only the minimum number of shares representing a quorum are voted and the over-allotment option is not exercised), of the 31,625,000 public shares sold insecond annual report following our initial public offeringoffering.

For as long as we continue to be voted in favor of an initial business combination in order to have our initial business combination approved. Accordingly, ifemerging growth company, we seek shareholder approval of our initial business combination, the agreement by our sponsor and each member of our management team to vote in favor of our initial business combination will increase the likelihoodexpect that we will receivetake advantage of the requisite shareholder approval for such initial business combination.

You will notreduced disclosure obligations available to us as a result of that classification. We have any rights or intereststaken advantage of certain of those reduced reporting burdens in funds fromthis report. Accordingly, the trust account, except under certain limited circumstances. Therefore, to liquidate your investment, youinformation contained herein may be forceddifferent than the information you receive from other public companies in which you hold stock.

An emerging growth company can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. This allows an emerging growth company to sell your public shares or warrants, potentially at a loss.

Our public shareholders will be entitleddelay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to receive funds from the trust account only upon the earliest to occur of: (i) our completion of an initial business combination, and then only in connection with those Class A ordinary shares that such shareholder properlyprivate companies. We have irrevocably elected to redeem, subject to the limitations described herein, (ii) the redemptionavail ourselves of any public shares properly tendered in connection with a shareholder vote to amend our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association (A) to modify the substance or timing of our obligation to provide holders of our Class A ordinary shares the right to have their shares redeemed in connection with our initial business combination or to redeem 100% of our public shares if we do not complete our initial business combination within 15 months (or up to 18 months if we extend thethis extended transition period of time to consummate a business combination) from the closing of our initial public offering or (B) with respect to any other provision relating to the rights of holders of our Class A ordinary shares, and (iii) the redemption of our public shares if we have not consummated an initial business combination within 15 months (or up to 18 months if we extend the period of time to consummate a business combination) from the closing of our initial public offering, subject to applicable law and as further described herein. Public shareholders who redeem their Class A ordinary shares in connection with a shareholder vote described in clause (ii) in the preceding sentence shall not be entitled to funds from the trust account upon the subsequent completion of an initial business combination or liquidation if we have not consummated an initial business combination within 15 months (or up to 18 months if we extend the period of time to consummate a business combination) from the closing of our initial public offering, with respect to such Class A ordinary shares so redeemed. In no other circumstances will a public shareholder have any right or interest of any kind in the trust account. Holders of warrants will not have any right to the proceeds held in the trust account with respect to the warrants. Accordingly, to liquidate your investment, you may be forced to sell your public shares or warrants, potentially at a loss.

The ability of our public shareholders to redeem their shares for cash may make our financial condition unattractive to potential business combination targets, which may make it difficult for us to enter into a business combination with a target.

We may seek to enter into a business combination transaction agreement with a prospective target that requires as a closing condition that we have a minimum net worth or a certain amount of cash. If too many public shareholders exercise their redemption rights, we would not be able to meet such closing condition and, as a result, would not be able to proceed with the business combination. The amount of the deferred underwriting commissions payable to the underwriterwe will not be adjustedrequired to adopt new or revised accounting standards on the dates on which adoption of such standards is required for any shares thatother public reporting companies.

We are redeemedalso a “smaller reporting company” as defined in connection with a business combinationRule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act, and such amounthave elected to take advantage of deferred underwriting discount is notcertain of the scaled disclosure available for smaller reporting companies.

If we fail to maintain appropriate and effective internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures, we may suffer harm to our reputation and investor confidence levels.

The process of designing and implementing effective internal controls is a continuous effort that requires us to useanticipate and react to changes in our business and the economic and regulatory environments and to expend significant resources to maintain a system of internal controls that is adequate to satisfy our reporting obligations as consideration in an initial business combination.a public company. If we are ableunable to consummate an initial business combination,maintain appropriate internal financial reporting controls and procedures, it could cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations on a timely basis, result in material misstatements in our consolidated financial statements, and harm our operating results.

In connection with the per-share value of shares held by non-redeeming shareholders will reflect our obligation to pay and the paymentimplementation of the deferred underwriting commissions. Furthermore, in no event will we redeem our public shares in an amount that would cause our net tangible assetsnecessary procedures and practices related to be less than $5,000,001 (so that we do not then become subject to the SEC’s “penny stock” rules). Consequently, if accepting all properly submitted redemption requests would cause our net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001 or such greater amount necessary to satisfy a closing condition as described above, we would not proceed with such redemption and the related business combination and may instead search for an alternate business combination. Prospective targets will be aware of these risks and, thus, may be reluctant to enter into a business combination transaction with us.

The ability of our public shareholders to exercise redemption rights with respect to a large number of our shares may not allow us to complete the most desirable business combination or optimize our capital structure.

At the time we enter into an agreement for our initial business combination, we will not know how many shareholders may exercise their redemption rights, and therefore will need to structure the transaction based on our expectations as to the number of shares that will be submitted for redemption. If a large number of shares are submitted for redemption,internal control over financial reporting, we may need to restructure the transaction to reserve a greater portion of the cash in the trust account or arrange for additional third-party financing. Raising additional third-party financing may involve dilutive equity issuances or the incurrence of indebtedness at higher than desirable levels. The above considerations may limit our ability to complete the most desirable business combination available to us or optimize our capital structure. The amount of the deferred underwriting commissions payable to the underwriter will not be adjusted for any shares that are redeemed in connection with an initial business combination. The per-share amount we will distribute to shareholders who properly exercise their redemption rights will not be reduced by the deferred underwriting commission and after such redemptions, the amount held in trust will continue to reflect our obligation to pay the entire deferred underwriting commissions.

The ability of our public shareholders to exercise redemption rights with respect to a large number of our shares could increase the probability that our initial business combination would be unsuccessful and that you would have to wait for liquidation in order to redeem your shares.

If our initial business combination agreement requires us to use a portion of the cash in the trust account to pay the purchase price, or requires us to have a minimum amount of cash at closing, the probability that our initial business combination would be unsuccessful is increased. If our initial business combination is unsuccessful, you would not receive your pro rata portion of the funds in the trust account until we liquidate the trust account. If you are in need of immediate liquidity, you could attempt to sell your shares in the open market; however, at such time our shares may trade at a discount to the pro rata amount per share in the trust account. In either situation, you may suffer a material loss on your investment or lose the benefit of funds expected in connection with our redemption until we liquidate or you are able to sell your shares in the open market.

The requirement that we consummate an initial business combination within 15 months (or up to 18 months if we extend the period of time to consummate a business combination) after the closing of our initial public offering may give potential target businesses leverage over us in negotiating a business combination and may limit the time we have in which to conduct due diligence on potential business combination targets, in particular as we approach our dissolution deadline, which could undermine our ability to complete our initial business combination on terms that would produce value for our shareholders.

Any potential target business with which we enter into negotiations concerning a business combination will be aware that we must consummate an initial business combination within 15 months (or up to 18 months if we extend the period of time to consummate a business combination) from the closing of our initial public offering. Consequently, such target business may obtain leverage over us in negotiating a business combination, knowing that if we do not complete our initial business combination with that particular target business, we may be unable to complete our initial business combination with any target business. This risk will increase as we get closer to the time frame described above. In addition, we may have limited time to conduct due diligence and may enter into our initial business combination on terms that we would have rejected upon a more comprehensive investigation.

Our public shareholders will not be entitled to vote or redeem their shares in connection with a potential three-month extension if we extend the time to complete a business combination without an amendment to our memorandum and articles of association as described in this prospectus.

If we are not able to consummate our initial business combination within 15 months, we may extend the period of time to consummate a business combination by an additional three months (for a total of 18 months to complete a business combination), as long as our sponsor or its affiliates or designees deposits into the trust account $3,162,500 $0.10 per unit in either case), on or prior to the date of the deadline for doing so. Our public shareholders will not be entitled to vote or redeem their shares in connection with any such extension. As a result, we may effect such an extension even if a majority of our public shareholders do not support such an extension and will not be able to redeem their shares in connection therewith. This feature is different than the traditional special purpose acquisition company structure, in which any extension of the company’s period to complete a business combination requires a vote of the company’s shareholders and such shareholders have the right to redeem their public shares in connection with such vote (although an extension without depositing additional funds into the trust account could still be pursued in the manner available in the traditional special purpose acquisition company structure). 

Our sponsor may decide not to extend the term we have to consummate our initial business combination, in which case we would cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up and we would redeem our public shares and liquidate, and the warrants will be worthless.

We will have 15 months from the closing of our initial public offering to consummate our initial business combination. This 15 month period is shorter than the period of 18 to 24 months that most special purpose acquisition companies have to consummate their initial business combination. As a result, we may have more difficulty consummating our initial business combination prior to the end of the term for doing so.

However, if we anticipateidentify deficiencies that we may not be able to consummate our initial business combination within 15 months,remediate in time to meet the deadline imposed by SOX for compliance with the requirements of Section 404 of SOX.

If we fail to implement the requirements of Section 404 in the required timeframe once we are no longer an emerging growth company or a smaller reporting company, we may by resolution of our board if requested by our sponsor or its affiliates or designees, extend the period of time to consummate a business combination by an additional three months (for a total of up to 18 months to complete a business combination),be subject to sanctions or investigations by regulatory authorities, including the sponsor or its affiliates or designees depositing additional funds into the trust account as set out below. Our shareholders will not be entitled to vote or redeem their shares in connection with any such extension. However, our shareholders will be entitled to voteSEC and redeem their shares in connection with a shareholder meeting held to approve an initial business combination or in a tender offer undertaken in connection with an initial business combinationNYSE. Furthermore, if we propose such a business combination during any three-month extension period. In order for the time available for us to consummate our initial business combination to be extended by three months, our sponsor or its affiliates or designees must deposit into the trust account $2,750,000, or $3,162,500 if the underwriters’ over-allotment option is exercised in full ($0.10 per unit in either case), on or prior to the date of the applicable deadline. Any such payments would be made in the form of a non-interest bearing loan. If we complete our initial business combination, we will, at the option of our sponsor or its affiliates or designees, repay such loaned amounts out of the proceeds of the trust account released to us or convert a portion or all of the total loan amount into Class B ordinary shares at a price of $10.00 per share. If we do not complete a business combination, we will repay such loans only from funds held outside of the trust account. Our sponsor or its affiliates or designees are not obligated to fund the trust account to extend the time for us to complete our initial business combination. If we are unable to consummateconclude that our initialinternal controls over financial reporting are effective, we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, the market price of our securities could decline, and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by regulatory authorities. Failure to implement or maintain effective internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures required of public companies could also restrict our future access to the capital markets.

The waste and recycling industry is highly competitive, and if we cannot successfully compete in the marketplace, our business, combination withinfinancial condition and operating results may be materially adversely affected.

Our industry is highly competitive. Competition in the applicable time period, we will, as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than fivewaste and recycling industry is typically based on the quality of services, ease of doing business, days thereafter, redeem the public shares for a pro rata portionand price. We encounter intense competition from governmental, quasi-governmental and private sources in all aspects of our operations. We principally compete with large national waste management companies, counties and municipalities that maintain and manage their own waste collection and disposal operations and regional and local companies of varying sizes and financial resources. Our industry also includes companies that specialize in certain discrete areas of waste management, operators of alternative disposal facilities, companies that seek to use parts of the funds heldwaste stream as feedstock for renewable energy and other by-products, and other waste brokers that rely upon haulers in the trust accountlocal markets to address customer needs. Any shortage of haulers or negative impact on our relationship with haulers in local markets may adversely affect our ability to serve our customers and as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of our remaining shareholders and our board of directors, liquidate and dissolve, subjectresult in each casea negative impact to our obligations under Cayman Islands law to provide for claims of creditorscustomer relationships, revenue and the requirements of other applicable law. In such event, the warrants included in the units purchased in our initial public offering will be worthless.

As the number of special purpose acquisition companies evaluating targets increases, attractive targets may become scarcer and there may be more competition for attractive targets. This could increase the cost of our initial business combination and could even result in our inability to find a target or to consummate an initial business combination.

growth potential. In recent years, the waste and recycling industry has seen some additional consolidation, which has reduced the number of special purpose acquisitionhaulers, though the industry remains intensely competitive.

We compete with national waste management companies thatwho may have been formedsignificantly greater resources than we do and some of whom have and may internally develop services and solutions similar to ours. Counties and municipalities may have financial competitive advantages to us because of their ability to collect tax revenues and issue tax-exempt financing with the associated governmental underwriting bond ratings. In addition, some of our competitors may have lower costs, debt levels or financial expectations than we do, allowing them to reduce their prices to expand their reach or to win competitively-bid contracts, including large national accounts and exclusive franchise arrangements with municipalities. When this happens, we may lose customers and be unable to execute our pricing strategy, resulting in a negative impact to our revenue growth from yield on base business. Any failure to effectively compete would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Weakness in the U.S. economy may expose us to credit risk for amounts due from governmental entities, large national accounts, industrial customers and others.

Weakness in the U.S. economy reduces the amount of taxes collected by various governmental entities. We provide services to a number of these entities, including numerous municipalities. These governmental entities may suffer financial difficulties resulting from a decrease in tax revenue and may ultimately be unable or unwilling to pay amounts owed to us. In addition, weakness in the economy may cause other customers, including our large national accounts, or industrial or environmental services clients, to suffer financial difficulties and ultimately to be unable or unwilling to pay amounts owed to us. Purchasers of our recyclable commodities can be particularly vulnerable to financial difficulties in times of commodity price volatility. The inability of our customers to pay us in a timely manner or to pay increased rates, particularly governmental entities and large national accounts, could negatively affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our sales cycles can be long and unpredictable, and our sales efforts require considerable investment of time and expense. If our sales cycle lengthens or we invest substantial resources pursuing unsuccessful sales opportunities, our operating results and growth would be harmed.

We have historically incurred significant costs and experienced long sales cycles when selling to customers. The decision to adopt our modules may require the approval of multiple technical and business decision makers, including security, compliance, operations, finance and treasury, marketing, and IT. In addition, before our customers will commit to deploying our modules at scale, they often require extensive education about our modules and significant customer support time or pilot programs, engage in protracted pricing negotiations and seek to secure development resources. In addition, sales cycles for our customers are inherently complex and unpredictable. These complex and resource intensive sales efforts could place additional strain on our development and engineering resources. Further, even after our customers contract to use our platform, they may require extensive integration or deployment resources from us before they become active customers, which has increased substantially. Many potential targets for special purpose acquisition companies have already entered into an initial business combination, and there are still many companies preparing for an initial public offering. As a result, at times fewer attractive targetsextended to multiple quarterly periods following the execution of the agreement. Finally, our customers may be availablechoose to consummate an initial business combination. In addition, because there are more special purpose acquisition companies seeking to enter into an initial business combination with available targets, the competition for available targets with attractive fundamentalsdevelop their own solutions that do not include any or business modelsall of our modules. They also may increase,demand reductions in pricing as their usage of our modules increases, which could cause targets companies to demand improved financial terms. Attractive deals could also become scarcer for other reasons, such as economic or industry sector downturns, geopolitical tensions, or increases in the cost of additional capital needed to close business combinations or operate targets post-business combination. This could increase the cost of, delay or otherwise complicate or frustrate our ability to find and consummate an initial business combination, and may result in our inability to consummate an initial business combination on terms favorable to our investors altogether.

Changes in the market for directors and officers liability insurance could make it more difficult and more expensive for us to negotiate and complete an initial business combination.

In recent months, the market for directors and officers liability insurance for special purpose acquisition companies has changed. Fewer insurance companies are offering quotes for directors and officers liability coverage, the premiums charged for such policies have generally increased and the terms of such policies have generally become less favorable. There can be no assurance that these trends will not continue. The increased cost and decreased availability of directors and officers liability insurance could make it more difficult and more expensive for us to negotiate an initial business combination. In order to obtain directors and officers liability insurance or modify its coverage as a result of becoming a public company, the post-business combination entity might need to incur greater expense, accept less favorable terms or both. However, any failure to obtain adequate directors and officers liability insurance could have an adverse impact on our gross margin. If we are unable to increase the post-business combination’s abilityrevenue that we derive from these customers, then our business, results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected.

Our management team will have broad discretion over the use of the net proceeds from our sale of shares of Class A Common Stock pursuant to attractthe Cantor Sales Agreement, if any, and retain qualified officersyou may not agree with how we use the proceeds and directors.the proceeds may not be invested successfully.

In addition, even afterOur management team will have broad discretion as to the use of the net proceeds from our sale of shares of Class A Common Stock pursuant to the Cantor Sales Agreement, if any, and we werecould use such proceeds for purposes other than those currently contemplated. Accordingly, you will be relying on the judgment of our management team with regard to complete an initialthe use of those net proceeds, and you will not have the opportunity to vote on or otherwise determine how or whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. It is possible that, pending their use, we may invest those net proceeds in a way that does not yield a favorable, or any, return for us. The failure of our management team to use such funds effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, combination,financial condition, operating results and cash flows.

We may have environmental liabilities that are not covered by our directors and officers could still be subject to potential liability from claimsinsurance, regardless of whether we are at fault.

We may incur environmental liabilities arising from conduct allegedour operations or third parties with whom we do business. Even if we obtain legally enforceable representations, warranties and indemnities from the parties with whom we do business, these protections may not fully cover the liabilities or these parties may not have sufficient funds to have occurred priorperform their obligations. Some environmental laws and regulations may impose strict, joint and several liability in connection with releases of regulated substances into the environment, and can impose liability on parties who were not to the initial business combination. Asblame. New or increased regulation of substances, such as PFAS or other emerging contaminants, could also lead to increased or previously unauthorized remediation costs or litigation risk. Therefore, in some situations we could be exposed to liability as a result in order to protectof our directors and officers,conduct that was lawful at the post-business combination entity may need to purchase additionaltime it occurred or the conduct of, or conditions caused by, third parties for which we are not at fault. Further, we maintain insurance with respect to anythese environmental liabilities, but in certain cases we have determined to do so with high deductibles. If we were to incur substantial liability for environmental damage, our insurance coverage may be inadequate to cover such claims (“run-off insurance”). The needliability. Also, due to the variable condition of the insurance market, we have experienced, and may experience in the future, increased insurance retention levels and increased premiums or unavailability of insurance. As we assume more risk for run-off insurance wouldthrough higher retention levels, we may experience more variability in our insurance reserves and expense. If we were to incur liability for environmental damage, environmental clean-ups, corrective action or damage not covered by insurance or in excess of the amount of our coverage, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be an added expense foradversely affected.

Our customers and the post-business combination entity,third parties with whom we contract, including waste haulers, are participants in the waste and could interfere withrecycling industry and are therefore subject to a number of unique risks specific to this industry, which directly or frustrateindirectly subjects our abilitybusiness to consummate an initial business combination on terms favorablemany of the same risks to which their respective operations are subject.

We participate within the waste and recycling industry by providing consulting and management services to our investors.customers for waste removal, waste management, logistics, and recycling solutions. Many of our customers and each of the parties with whom we contract on behalf of our customers, including waste haulers, operate within the waste and recycling industry, some of which may also construct, own and operate landfills, recycling facilities and transfer stations, and own or lease and operate collection and transfer trucks and other equipment used for collection, transfer and disposal of waste. As a result, our future financial performance and success is dependent in large part upon the viability of the waste and recycling industry and the success and survival of industry participants. However, waste and recycling industry participants and their operations are subject to a number of unique risks, including:

If any of the foregoing risks or other risks adversely affects those in the waste and recycling industry, including the waste haulers and landfill operators with whom we contract, it could cause them to raise the prices that they charge us and our customers. Any reduction in the demand for their services could also cause certain haulers and operators to consider offering services and solutions similar to ours, increasing our direct competition. Further, any events that impact the viability of their business as presently conducted or proposed to be conducted in the future or reduce the number of waste and recycling facilities or haulers could have an adverse effect on the demand for certain of our services or increase the cost thereof. Therefore, any of the foregoing risks or others that adversely affect participants in the waste and recycling industry could similarly have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Demand for our solutions is subject to volatility in our accounts’ and our haulers’ underlying businesses.

Our searchsales are based on accounts’ demand for a business combination,solutions to manage waste and any target business with which we ultimately consummate a business combination,recycling needs. This sector periodically experiences economic declines and may be materially adversely affectedexacerbated by the COVID-19 outbreakother economic, environmental and the status of debt and equity markets.

In December 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus was reported to have surfacedsocial factors. If participants in Wuhan, China, which has and is continuing to spread throughout the world, including the United States. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a “Public Health Emergency of International Concern.” On January 31, 2020, U.S. Health and Human Services Secretary Alex M. Azar II declared a public health emergency for the United States to aid the U.S. healthcare community in responding to COVID-19, and on March 11, 2020 the World Health Organization characterized the outbreak as a “pandemic.” The COVID-19 outbreak has and a significant outbreak of other infectious diseases could resultthis sector reduce spending or allocate future funding in a widespread health crisismanner that could adversely affect the economies and financial markets worldwide, and theresults in fewer projects, then our accounts’ underlying business of any potential target business with which we consummate a business combination could be materially and adversely affected. Furthermore, we may be unable to complete a business combination if continued concerns relating to COVID-19 continues to restrict travel, limit the ability to have meetings with potential investors or the target company’s personnel, vendors and services providers are unavailable to negotiate and consummate a transaction in a timely manner. The extent to which COVID-19 impacts our search for a business combination will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including new information which may emerge concerning the severity of COVID-19 and the actions to contain COVID-19 or treat its impact, among others. If the disruptions posed by COVID-19 or other matters of global concern continue for an extensive period of time, our ability to consummate a business combination, or the operations of a target business with which we ultimately consummate a business combination, may be materially adversely affected.

In addition, our ability to consummate a transaction may be dependent on the ability to raise equity and debt financing which may be impacted byand demand for our solutions may decrease or our rate of contract renewals may decrease. A prolonged decrease in such spending may harm our results of operations. Our accounts may request discounts or extended payment terms on new arrangements or seek to extend payment terms on existing arrangements due to lower levels of infrastructure spending or for other reasons, all of which may reduce revenue. For example, during the COVID-19 pandemic, a number of our customers in the restaurant and other events, including as a result of increased market volatility, decreased market liquidity in third-party financing being unavailable on terms acceptable to usfoodservice industries ceased or at all.

significantly scaled back operations, adversely affecting our results. We may not be able to consummateadjust our operating expenses to offset such discounts or other arrangements because a substantial portion of our operating expenses relate to personnel, facilities, and marketing programs. The level of personnel and related expenses may not be able to be adjusted quickly and is based, in significant part, on our expectations for future revenues and demand.

Our sales are also premised on the availability of haulers to transport our accounts’ waste and recyclable materials. If there is volatility within the waste and recycling industry or decreased availability of adequate haulers or other necessary vendors we may not be able to meet our customers’ needs, which would adversely affect our business. Any increase in hauler or vendor costs may also adversely affect our margins or may require us to offset such expenses or to pass these increased expenses on to our customers which may further negatively impact our relationship with our accounts and demand for our solutions.

Demand for our solutions can be affected by changes in recyclable commodity prices and quantities.

Certain of our customers collect and process, purchase or sell recyclable materials such as paper, cardboard, plastics, aluminum and other metals, and utilize our solutions and services in connection with these activities. The sale prices of and the demand for recyclable commodities are frequently volatile and when they decline, demand for our solutions will be affected. The market demand for recyclable commodities is volatile due to changes in economic conditions and numerous other factors beyond our and our customers’ control. The value of plastics is influenced by the volatility of crude oil prices, and in 2020 there was a resulting decline in the value of plastic recyclables associated with the precipitous drop in the value of crude at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The value of paper products is often influenced by quality concerns, which have resulted in the imposition of restrictions by other countries, including China, on the import of certain recyclables. For instance, in 2017 the Chinese government imposed strict limits on the import of recyclable materials, including by restricting the amount of contaminants allowed in imported recycled paper. These limitations significantly decreased the global demand for recyclable commodities and resulted in lower commodity prices. The war in Ukraine or Gaza may also adversely affect the commodities markets, including trading prices and volatility. Additionally, future regulation, tariffs, international trade policies or initiatives may result in further reduced demand. Any decrease in recyclable commodity prices or other facts which cause the profitability of recycling operations to decline could adversely affect demand for our solutions and have an initialadverse effect on our business, combinationfinancial condition and results of operations.

Our Charter provides, subject to limited exceptions, that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the sole and exclusive forum for certain stockholder litigation matters, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or stockholders.

Our Charter provides that, unless Rubicon selects or consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law: (a) the sole and exclusive forum for any complaint asserting any internal corporate claims, to the fullest extent permitted by law, and subject to applicable jurisdictional requirements, shall be the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if the Court of Chancery does not have, or declines to accept, jurisdiction, another state court or a federal court located within 15 months (or upthe State of Delaware); and (b) the sole and exclusive forum for any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act, to 18 monthsthe fullest extent permitted by law, shall be the federal district courts of the United States of America. For purposes of the foregoing, “internal corporate claims” means claims, including claims in the right of Rubicon that are based upon a violation of a duty by a current or former director, officer, employee or stockholder in such capacity, or as to which Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”) confers jurisdiction upon the Court of Chancery. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any shares of Class A Common Stock or Class V Common Stock will be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this provision.

This choice of forum provision may limit a Rubicon stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers or employees, which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims. There is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce this provision. If a court ruled the choice of forum provision was inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, Rubicon may incur additional costs to resolve such action in other jurisdictions. The choice of forum provision is intended to apply to the fullest extent permitted by law to the above-specified types of actions and proceedings, and is intended to require, in each case, to the fullest extent permitted by law, that (i) any claims arising under the Securities Act be brought in the federal district courts of the United States in accordance with clause (b) of the choice of forum provision, and (ii) any derivative actions, including those brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act be brought in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware in accordance with clause (a) of the choice of forum provision. The provision does not apply to any direct claims brought by Rubicon’s stockholders on their own behalf, or on behalf of any class of similarly situated stockholders, under the Exchange Act. Rubicon stockholders will not be deemed, by operation of the choice of forum provision, to have waived Rubicon’s obligation to comply with all applicable federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

Actions that we are taking toreview and optimize our business in alignment with our strategic priorities may not be as effective as anticipated.

We completed multiple rounds of workforce reductions since 2022 in order to further manage costs. While the shift in our business strategy and the workforce reduction are designed to reduce operating costs and improve operating margins, we may encounter challenges in the execution of these efforts that could prevent us from recognizing the intended benefits of such efforts or otherwise adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

As a result of the workforce reductions, we have incurred and may continue to incur additional costs in the short-term, including cash expenditures for severance payments, employee benefits and related facilitation costs, as well as non-cash expenditures related to vesting of share-based awards. These additional cash and non-cash expenditures could have the effect of reducing our operating margins. Our workforce reduction may result in other unintended consequences, including employee attrition beyond our intended reduction in force; damage to our corporate culture and decreased employee morale among our remaining employees; diversion of management attention; damage to our reputation as an employer, which could make it more difficult for us to hire new employees in the future; and the loss of institutional knowledge and expertise of departing employees. If we experience any of these adverse consequences, our reductions in force and other restructuring efforts may not achieve or sustain their intended benefits, or the benefits, even if achieved, may not be adequate to meet our long-term profitability and operational expectations, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

In addition, our workforce reduction and other shifts in our business strategy could lead us to fail to meet, or cause delays in meeting, our operational and growth targets. While positions have been eliminated, functions that they performed remain necessary to our operations, and we may be unsuccessful in effectively and efficiently distributing the duties and obligations of departed employees among our remaining employees. The workforce reduction could also prevent us from pursuing new opportunities and initiatives or require us to adjust our growth strategy. As we continue to identify areas of cost savings and operating efficiencies, we may consider implementing further measures to reduce operating costs and improve operating margins. We may not be successful in implementing such initiatives, including as a result of factors beyond our control. If we are unable to realize the anticipated savings and efficiencies from our reductions in force, other restructuring efforts and future strategic initiatives, our business, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.

Pandemics, epidemics, disease outbreaks and other public health crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, have disrupted our business and operations, and future public health crises could adversely affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

Pandemics, epidemics or disease outbreaks in the United States or globally, including the COVID-19 pandemic, have disrupted, and may disrupt in the future, our business, which could materially affect our financial condition including liquidity, operating results and future expectations. Federal, state and local governments throughout North America, Europe, Asia and other parts of the world imposed varying degrees of restriction on social, commercial and economic activity to slow the spread of COVID-19. The future outbreak of any other highly infectious or contagious diseases and related measures may have a significant adverse impact on many sectors of the economy, including the waste and recycling industry. The resulting business closures, increases in unemployment and loss of consumer financial stability and confidence may result in waste and recycling volume declines and reductions in customers’ waste service needs, which could adversely affect our business as well as those of our customers and others within the waste and recycling industry.

A broad-based economic slowdown resulting from prolonged negative effects of COVID-19, the future outbreak of any other highly infectious or contagious diseases or otherwise could have significant adverse consequences for the financial condition of our customers or suppliers. As a result, customers may seek to reduce service levels or terminate contracts, or they may be unable to timely pay outstanding receivables owed to us, each of which would adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows. Additionally, such factors have, at times, made it more challenging to negotiate, renew or expand service contracts with acceptable pricing terms. Volume changes can fluctuate dramatically by line of business and decreases in volumes in higher margin businesses, such as what we have seen with COVID-19, can impact key financial metrics. Additionally, if stay-at-home orders and work from home trends continue or are re-instated, the demand for our services from our commercial and public customers could continue to or further negatively impact us. To the extent the landfills and waste haulers experience a deterioration in financial condition or operational capability as a result of the impacts of COVID-19, the future outbreak of any other highly infectious or contagious diseases or another economic slowdown, we may experience material supply chain disruptions and delays, which could also increase our operating costs. If a large portion of our employee base or our hauler base were to become ill, it could impact our ability to provide timely and reliable service. Additionally, the transition of most of our back-office employees to work-from-home increases various operational risks, including potential exposure to cyber incidents, loss of data, fraud, internal control challenges and other disruptions as a consequence of more employees accessing our systems and information remotely in the course of their ordinary work. Many within the waste and recycling industry were exposed to these same risks as well.

Our Cybersecurity and Technology Related Risks

If we fail to continue to improve and enhance the functionality, performance, reliability, design, security, or scalability of our platform in a manner that responds to our customers’ evolving needs, our business may be adversely affected.

The on-demand commerce and digital ordering markets are characterized by rapid technological change, frequent new product and service introductions, and evolving industry standards. Our success has been based on our ability to identify and anticipate the needs of our customers and design and maintain a platform that provides them with the tools they need to operate their businesses in a manner that is productive and meets or exceeds their expectations. Our ability to attract new customers, retain revenue from existing customers, and increase sales to both new and existing customers will depend in large part on our ability to continue to improve and enhance the functionality, performance, reliability, design, security, and scalability of our platform. Additionally, to achieve and maintain market acceptance for our platform, we must effectively integrate with new or existing solutions that meet changing customer demands in a timely manner.

As we expand our platform and services, and as the number of our customers with higher volume sales increases, we expect that we will need to offer increased functionality, scalability and support, including to keep our platform, systems, and services secure, which requires us to devote additional resources to such efforts. To the extent we are not able to enhance our platform’s functionality in order to maintain its utility and security, enhance our platform’s scalability in order to maintain its performance and availability, or improve our support functions in order to meet increased customer service demands, our business, operating results, and financial condition could be adversely affected.

The success of enhancements, new features and services depends on several factors, including the timely completion, introduction and market acceptance of the feature, service or enhancement by customers, as well as our ability to seamlessly integrate all of our product and service offerings and develop adequate selling capabilities in new markets. We may make significant investments in new modules or enhancements that may not achieve expected returns. The continual improvement and enhancement of our platform requires significant investment and we may not have the resources to make such investment. Our improvements and enhancements may not result in our ability to recoup our investments in a timely manner, or at all. The improvement and enhancement of the functionality, performance, reliability, design, security, and scalability of our platform is expensive and complex, and to the extent we are not able to perform it in a manner that responds to our customers’ evolving needs, our business, operating results, and financial condition will be adversely affected.

Quality problems, defects, errors, failures, or vulnerabilities in our solutions or services could harm our reputation and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.

Our solutions are, in some cases, highly complex and incorporate advanced technologies that we attempt to make interoperable with the products of other providers. Despite testing prior to release, our solutions may contain undetected defects or errors. Further, the combined use of our solutions with those of other providers may cause errors or failures, or it may expose undetected defects, errors, or failures in our solutions. These defects, errors, or failures could affect performance of the solutions and damage the businesses of our accounts, as well as delay the development or release of new offerings or new versions of solutions. Allegations of unsatisfactory performance in any of these situations could damage our reputation in the market and our relationships with our accounts, cause us to lose revenue or market share, increase our service costs, cause us to incur substantial costs in analyzing, correcting, or redesigning the solutions, cause us to lose accounts, subject us to liability for damages, and divert our resources from other tasks, any one of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects. We may also be required to provide full replacements or refunds for such defective product. We cannot assure you that such remediation would not harm our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.

If our security measures or those of our third-party cloud data hosts, cloud computing platform providers, or third-party service partners, are breached and unauthorized access is obtained to an account’s data, our data or our IT systems our services may be perceived as not being secure, accounts may curtail or stop using our services, and we may incur significant legal and financial exposure and liabilities.

As we digitize and use cloud and web-based technologies to leverage account data to deliver a more complete account experience, we are exposed to increased security risks and the potential for unauthorized access to, or improper use of, our and our accounts’ information. Certain of our services involve the storage and transmission of accounts’ proprietary information, and security breaches could expose us to a risk of loss of this information, litigation, and possible liability. Although we devote resources to maintaining our security and integrity, we may not prevent security incidents.

The risk of a security breach or disruption, particularly through cyber-attack or cyber intrusion, including by computer hackers, foreign governments, and cyber terrorists, has increased as the number, intensity, and sophistication of attempted attacks and intrusions from around the world have increased. These threats, some of which we have experienced, include but are not limited to identity theft, unauthorized access, domain name system attacks, wireless network attacks, viruses and worms, ransomware attacks, advanced persistent threat, application centric attacks, peer-to-peer attacks, phishing, backdoor trojans, and distributed denial of service attacks. Any of the foregoing could attack our accounts’ data (including their employees’ personal data), our data (including colleagues’ personal data), or our IT systems. It is virtually impossible for us to entirely eliminate this risk. Like all solutions, our products are vulnerable to cyber-attacks. For example, in April 2021 we discovered a ransomware event in which an unauthorized third party gained access to our network. Although the April 2021 incident was fully remediated and no incidents to date of which we have knowledge that have had a material impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations, the impact of cyber-attacks could disrupt the proper functioning of our solutions or services, cause errors in the output of our accounts’ work, allow unauthorized access to sensitive, proprietary, or confidential information of ours or our accounts, and other destructive outcomes.

Additionally, third parties may attempt to fraudulently induce colleagues or accounts into disclosing sensitive information such as usernames, passwords, or other information in order to gain access to our accounts’ data, our data, or our IT systems. Malicious third parties may also conduct attacks designed to temporarily deny accounts access to our services. Any security breach could result in a loss of confidence in the security of our products and services, damage our reputation, negatively impact our future sales, disrupt our business, and lead to regulatory inquiry and legal liability.

Material portions of our business require the Internet infrastructure to be reliable.

Part of our future success continues to depend on the use of the Internet as a means to perform transactions electronically, including, for example, document digitization. This in part requires ongoing maintenance of the Internet infrastructure, especially to prevent interruptions in service, as well as additional development of that infrastructure. This requires a reliable network backbone with the necessary speed, data capacity, security, and timely development of complementary products for providing reliable Internet access and services. If this infrastructure fails to be sufficiently developed or be adequately maintained, our business would be harmed because users may not be able to access our portals.

Our General Business Risks

The success of our business depends, in part, on our ability to execute on our acquisition strategy.

A portion of our historical growth has occurred through acquisitions, and we anticipate continued growth through acquisitions in the future. We are presently evaluating, and we expect to continue to evaluate on an ongoing basis, a variety of possible acquisition transactions. We cannot predict the timing of any contemplated transactions, and there can be no assurances that we will identify suitable acquisition opportunities or, if we extenddo identify such opportunities, that any transaction can be consummated on terms acceptable to us. A significant change in our business or the periodeconomy, an unexpected decrease in our cash flows or any restrictions imposed by our debt may limit our ability to obtain the necessary capital for acquisitions or otherwise impede our ability to complete an acquisition. Certain proposed acquisitions or dispositions may also trigger a review by the U.S. Department of timeJustice, or “DOJ”, and the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, or “FTC”, under their respective regulatory authority, focusing on the effects on competition, including the size or structure of the relevant markets and the pro-competitive benefits of the transaction. Any delay, prohibition or modification required by regulatory authorities could adversely affect the terms of a proposed acquisition or could require us to modify or abandon an otherwise attractive acquisition opportunity. The failure to identify suitable transaction partners and to consummate transactions on acceptable terms could have a material adverse effect on our business, combination) afterfinancial condition and results of operations.

Acquisitions also involve risks that the closingbusinesses acquired will not perform as expected, that our judgments concerning the value, strengths and weaknesses of our initial public offering,acquired businesses will prove wrong or that we will incur unanticipated costs as a result of a transaction. We may become liable for certain unforeseen pre-acquisition liabilities of an acquired business, including, among others, tax liabilities, environmental liabilities, contingent consideration and liabilities for employment practices. In addition, an acquisition could result in the impairment of client relationships and other acquired assets such as goodwill. We may also incur costs and experience inefficiencies to the extent an acquisition expands the services, markets or geographies in which case we would cease alloperate due to our limited exposure and experience. Acquisitions can also involve post-transaction disputes regarding a number of matters, including a purchase price or working capital adjustment, earn-out or other contingent payments, environmental liabilities, and indemnification or other obligations. Acquisitions also place significant demands on our management’s time, which may divert their attention from our day-to-day business operations, exceptand may lead to significant due diligence and other expenses regardless of whether we pursue or consummate any acquisition. We may also not be able to manage our growth through acquisitions due to the number and the diversity of the businesses we have acquired or for other reasons. Acquisitions may require that we incur additional debt to finance the purposetransaction, which could be substantial and limit our operating flexibility or, alternatively, acquisitions may require that we issue stock as consideration, which could dilute share ownership. If any of winding upthese risks were to occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected. 

Any inability to successfully integrate our recent or future acquisitions, or realize their anticipated benefits, could have a material adverse effect on us.

Acquisitions have required, and in the future will require, that we would redeemintegrate into our public sharesexisting operations separate companies that historically operated independently or as part of another, larger organization, and liquidate.had different systems, processes and cultures. Risks involved with the successful integration of an acquired business include, but are not limited to:

We may not be able to find a suitable targetsuccessfully integrate any business and consummate an initial business combination within 15 months (or up to 18 months if we extend the period of time to consummate a business combination) after the closing of our initial public offering. Our ability to complete our initial business combination may be negatively impacted by general market conditions, volatility in the capital and debt markets and the other risks described herein. For example, the outbreak of COVID-19 continues to grow both in the U.S. and globally and, while the extent of the impact of the outbreak on us will depend on future developments, it could limit our ability to complete our initial business combination, including as a result of increased market volatility, decreased market liquidity and third-party financing being unavailable on terms acceptable to us or at all. Additionally, the outbreak of COVID-19 may negatively impact businesses we may seek to acquire. If we have not consummated an initial business combination within such applicable time period, we will: (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up; (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem the public shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the trust account, including interest earned on the funds held in the trust account and not previously released to us to pay our taxes, if any (less up to $100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses), divided by the number of the then-outstanding public shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public shareholders’ rights as shareholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any); and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of our remaining shareholders and our board of directors, liquidate and dissolve, subject in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii), to our obligations under Cayman Islands law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law. Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association will provide that, if we wind up for any other reason prior to the consummation of our initial business combination, we will follow the foregoing procedures with respect to the liquidation of the trust account as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, subject to applicable Cayman Islands law. In either such case, our public shareholders may receive only $10.15 per public share, or less than $10.15 per public share, on the redemption of their shares, and our warrants will expire worthless.

If we seek shareholder approval of our initial business combination, our sponsor, directors, executive officers, advisors and their affiliates may elect to purchase public shares or warrants, which may influence a vote on a proposed business combination and reduce the public “float” of our Class A ordinary shares or public warrants.

If we seek shareholder approval of our initial business combination and we do not conduct redemptions in connection with our initial business combination pursuant to the tender offer rules, our sponsor, directors, executive officers, advisors or their affiliates may purchase public shares or warrants in privately negotiated transactions or in the open market either prior to or following the completion of our initial business combination, although they are under no obligation to do so. However, they have no current commitments, plans or intentions to engage in such transactions and have not formulated any terms or conditions for any such transactions. None of the funds in the trust account will be used to purchase public shares or warrants in such transactions.

In the event that our sponsor, directors, executive officers, advisors or their affiliates purchase shares in privately negotiated transactions from public shareholders who have already elected to exercise their redemption rights, such selling shareholders would be required to revoke their prior elections to redeem their shares. The purpose of any such transaction could be to (1) vote in favor of the business combination and thereby increase the likelihood of obtaining shareholder approval of the business combination, (2) reduce the number of public warrants outstanding or vote such warrants on any matters submitted to the warrant holders for approval in connection with our initial business combination or (3) satisfy a closing condition in an agreement with a target that requires us to have a minimum net worth or a certain amount of cash at the closing of our initial business combination, where it appears that such requirement would otherwise not be met. Any such purchases of our securities may result in the completion of our initial business combination that may not otherwise have been possible. In addition, if such purchases are made, the public “float” of our Class A ordinary shares or public warrants may be reduced and the number of beneficial holders of our securities may be reduced, which may make it difficult to maintain or obtain the quotation, listing or trading of our securities on a national securities exchange. Any such purchases will be reported pursuant to Section 13 and Section 16 of the Exchange Act to the extent such purchasers are subject to such reporting requirements. See “Proposed Business—Effecting Our Initial Business Combination—Permitted Purchases and Other Transactions with Respect to Our Securities” for a description of how our sponsor, directors, executive officers, advisors or their affiliates will select which shareholders to purchase securities from in any private transaction.

If a shareholder fails to receive notice of our offer to redeem our public shares in connection with our initial business combination, or fails to comply with the procedures for tendering its shares, such shares may not be redeemed.

We will comply with the proxy rules or tender offer rules, as applicable, when conducting redemptions in connection with our initial business combination. Despite our compliance with these rules, if a shareholder fails to receive our proxy solicitation or tender offer materials, as applicable, such shareholder may not become aware of the opportunity to redeem its shares. In addition, the proxy solicitation or tender offer materials, as applicable, that we will furnish to holders of our public shares in connection with our initial business combination will describe the various procedures that must be complied with in order to validly redeem or tender public shares. In the event that a shareholder fails to comply with these procedures, its shares may not be redeemed. See “Proposed Business—Business Strategy— Effecting Our Initial Business Combination—Tendering Share Certificates in Connection with a Tender Offer or Redemption Rights.”

Because of our limited resources and the significant competition for business combination opportunities, it may be more difficult for us to complete our initial business combination. If we have not consummated our initial business combination within the required time period, our public shareholders may receive only approximately $10.15 per public share, or less in certain circumstances, on the liquidation of our trust account and our warrants will expire worthless.

We expect to encounter intense competition from other entities having a business objective similar to ours, including private investors (which may be individuals or investment partnerships), other blank check companies and other entities, domestic and international, competing for the types of businesses we intend to acquire. Many of these individuals and entities are well established and have extensive experience in identifying and effecting, directly or indirectly, acquisitions of companies operating in or providing services to various industries. Many of these competitors possess greater technical, human and other resources or more local industry knowledge than we do and our financial resources will be relatively limited when contrasted with those of many of these competitors. While we believe there are numerous target businesses we could potentially acquire with the net proceeds of our initial public offering and the sale of the private placement warrants, our ability to compete with respect to the acquisition of certain target businesses that are sizable will be limited by our available financial resources. This inherent competitive limitation gives others an advantage in pursuing the acquisition of certain target businesses. Furthermore, we are obligated to offer holders of our public shares the right to redeem their shares for cash at the time of our initial business combination in conjunction with a shareholder vote or via a tender offer. Target companies will be aware that this may reduce the resources available to us for our initial business combination. Any of these obligations may place us at a competitive disadvantage in successfully negotiating a business combination. If we have not consummated our initial business combination within the required time period, our public shareholders may receive only approximately $10.15 per public share, or less in certain circumstances, on the liquidation of our trust account and our warrants will expire worthless. See “—If third parties bring claims against us, the proceeds held in the trust account could be reduced and the per-share redemption amount received by shareholders may be less than $10.15 per public share” and other risk factors herein.

If the net proceeds of our initial public offering and the sale of the private placement warrants not being held in the trust account are insufficient to allow us to operate for the 15 months (or up to 18 months if we extend the period of time to consummate a business combination) following the closing of our initial public offering, it could limit the amount available to fund our search for a target business or businesses and our ability to complete our initial business combination, and we will depend on loans from our sponsor, its affiliates or members of our management team to fund our search and to complete our initial business combination.

Of the net proceeds of our initial public offering and the sale of the private placement warrants, only approximately $1,800,000 will be available to us initially outside the trust account to fund our working capital requirements. We believe that, upon the closing of our initial public offering, the funds available to us outside of the trust account, together with funds available from loans from our sponsor, its affiliates or members of our management team will be sufficient to allow us to operate for at least the 15 months (or up to 18 months if we extend the period of time to consummate a business combination) following the closing of our initial public offering; however, we cannot assure you that our estimate is accurate, and our sponsor, its affiliates or members of our management team are under no obligation to advance funds to us in such circumstances. Of the funds available to us, we expect to use a portion of the funds available to us to pay fees to consultants to assist us with our search for a target business. We could also use a portion of the funds as a down payment or to fund a “no-shop” provision (a provision in letters of intent designed to keep target businesses from “shopping” around for transactions with other companies or investors on terms more favorable to such target businesses) with respect to a particular proposed business combination, although we do not have any current intention to do so. If we entered into a letter of intent where we paid for the right to receive exclusivity from a target business and were subsequently required to forfeit such funds (whether as a result of our breach or otherwise), we might not have sufficient funds to continue searching for, or conduct due diligence with respect to, a target business.

If we are required to seek additional capital, we would need to borrow funds from our sponsor, its affiliates, members of our management team or other third parties to operateacquired or may be forced to liquidate. Neither our sponsor, members of our management team nor their affiliates is under any obligation to us in such circumstances. Any such advances may be repaid only from funds held outside the trust accountacquire, or from funds released to us upon completion of our initial business combination. Up to $1,500,000 of such loans may be convertible into warrants of the post-business combination entity at a price of $1.00 per warrant at the option of the lender. The warrants would be identical to the private placement warrants. Prior to the completion of our initial business combination, we do not expect to seek loans from parties other than our sponsor, its affiliates or members of our management team as we do not believe third parties will be willing to loan such funds and provide a waiver against any and all rights to seek access to funds in our trust account. If we have not consummated our initial business combination within the required time period because we do not have sufficient funds available to us, we will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the trust account. Consequently, our public shareholders may only receive an estimated $10.15 per public share, or possibly less, on our redemption of our public shares, and our warrants will expire worthless.

We may seek business combination opportunities with a high degree of complexity that require significant operational improvements, which could delay or prevent us from achieving our desired results.

We may seek business combination opportunities with large, highly complex companies that we believe would benefit from operational improvements. While we intend to implement such improvements, to the extent that our efforts are delayed or we are unable to achieve the desired improvements, the business combination may not be as successful as we anticipate.

To the extent we complete our initial business combination with a large complex business or entity with a complex operating structure, we may also be affected by numerous risks inherent in the operations of the business with which we combine, which could delay or prevent us from implementing our strategy. Although our management team will endeavor to evaluate the risks inherent in a particular target business and its operations, we may not be able to properly ascertaindo so in a timely, efficient or assess allcost-effective manner. Our inability to effectively complete the integration of new businesses on schedule and in an orderly manner could increase costs and lower profits. Our inability to manage our growth through acquisitions, including the integration process, and to realize the anticipated benefits of an acquisition could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

A large percentage of our revenue is tied to a small number of customers, such that the loss of any of these customers could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company had one customer who individually accounted for 10% or more of the significant risk factors untilCompany’s total revenues at approximately 20% of the total revenues, while during the year ended December 31, 2022, there were two such customers together accounted for 26% of the Company's total revenues. We cannot assure you that these customers will continue to contract with us on terms or at rates currently in effect, or will not elect to contract with our competitors or attempt to perform the services we completeprovide themselves. Further, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, approximately 56% and 38%, respectively, of our business combination. If we are not ableaggregate accounts receivable and contract assets were due from three customers. The contract terms with these customers range from 2 to achieve our desired operational improvements, or the improvements take longer to implement than anticipated, we may not achieve the gains that we anticipate. Furthermore, some of these risks and complexities3 years, but may be outside of our controlterminated without penalty with advance written notice. These contracts do not include any minimum purchase requirements for the customers and leave us with no ability to control or reduce the chances that those risks and complexities will adversely impact a target business. Such combination may not be as successful as a combination with a smaller, less complex organization.

Our shareholders may be held liable for claims by third parties against us to the extent of distributions received by them upon redemption of their shares.

If we are forced to enter into an insolvent liquidation, any distributions received by shareholders could be viewed as an unlawful payment if it was proved that immediately following the date on which the distribution waswere made we were unable to pay our debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of business. As a result, these customers could stop purchasing our services, reduce their purchase levels or request reduced pricing structures at any time. We may therefore need to adapt our pricing and marketing strategies in response to a liquidatorcustomer who may seek concessions in return for its continued or increased business. In addition, a macroeconomic downturn or any other cause of consolidation in our industry or among our other customers could seeksignificantly increase the market share and bargaining power of a limited number of customers and give them significant additional leverage to recover somenegotiate more favorable terms and place greater demands on us. The loss of any of these customers, if not offset by revenues from new or allother existing customers, or any inability of any customers to pay amounts receivedas and when due, could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

Our business depends on customers using our platform, and any loss of customers or decline in their use of our platform could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Our ability to grow and generate incremental revenue depends, in part, on our ability to maintain and grow our relationships with existing customers, to have them increase their deployment and use of our platform, and to increase or maintain transaction volume on our platform. Although our customers generally have multi-year contracts with us, they can typically terminate the agreement without penalty by providing as little as 30 days written notice and may elect not to renew the agreement following the expiration date. In addition, if our shareholders. Furthermore,customers do not increase their use of our directorsplatform or adopt and deploy additional modules, then our revenue may decline and our results of operations may be viewed as having breachedharmed. Customers may not renew their fiduciary dutiescontracts with us or reduce their use of our platform for any number of reasons, including if they are not satisfied with our platform or modules, the value proposition of our platform or our ability to meet their needs and expectations, security or platform reliability issues, or if they decide to build their own solution internally. Additionally, consumers may change their purchasing habits or reduce their orders from our current customers, which could harm their business and reduce their use of our platform. We cannot accurately predict our customers’ usage levels and the loss of customers or their usage levels of our modules may each have a negative impact on our business, results of operations, and financial condition and may cause our expansion rate to decline. If a significant number of customers cease using or reduce their usage of our platform, then we may be required to spend significantly more on sales and marketing than we currently plan to spend in order to maintain or increase revenue from our customers. Such additional sales and marketing expenditures could adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

Clients may elect to terminate our contracts and manage operations internally.

It is possible that our clients may elect to not renew contracts for our solutions. Alternatively, clients may elect to drop maintenance on certain modules that they ultimately decide not to use. This could adversely affect our revenues and profits. Additionally, they may inadvertently allow our intellectual property or other information to fall into the hands of third parties, including our competitors, which could adversely affect our business.

Selling products and services into the public sector poses unique challenges.

We derive a portion of our revenue from sales of software-as-a-service and professional services to state, county, and city governments, other federal or municipal agencies, and other public entities. We expect that sales to public sector clients will continue to account for a portion of our revenue in the future. We face many risks and challenges associated with contracting with governmental entities, including:

Each of these risks is outside our control. If we fail to adequately adapt to these risks and uncertainties, our financial performance could be adversely affected.

If we fail to attract and retain qualified management and skilled technical personnel, our business may be adversely affected.

Our long-term success depends, in significant part, upon the continued service and performance of our senior management and other key personnel. We rely on knowledgeable, experienced and skilled technical personnel, particularly analysts, product developers and service personnel to provide our services, often in a stringent regulatory environment. Certain of our employees, including our senior management and the key employees of the various businesses we have acquired, have exceptionally strong knowledge of our businesses, sectors and clients. Their departure could lead to the loss of know-how and information of value to us, and their departure could pose a risk to key client relationships. Our continued growth will also depend upon our ability to attract and retain additional skilled management and other key employees, including in new markets, whether organically or through acquisitions. For certain positions, there may be a limited number of qualified people to fulfill the roles, whether limited based on scarcity with respect to the particular skillset, within a given geography or otherwise. The loss of the services of one or more members of our creditors and/management team or of qualified employees and other key personnel, or the inability to identify, hire and retain the key personnel that may be necessary to grow our business, could have acteda material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our international operations subject us to additional risks that could adversely affect our business.

We have activities outside of the United States and work with some international third-party providers, including product developers in bad faith, thereby exposing themselvesEurope. Our operations, those of the third parties with which we work as well as those of our customers, are therefore subject to regulatory, economic, political and other events and uncertainties in countries where these operations are located. Further, our companygrowth strategy includes expansion into additional international markets. In addition to claims, by paying public shareholders from the trust account priorrisks discussed elsewhere herein that are common to addressingboth our domestic and international operations, we face risks specific to our foreign activities, including but not limited to:

Foreign operations bring increased complexity and the claimscosts of creditors.managing or overseeing foreign operations, including adapting and localizing services or systems to specific regions and countries, can be material. Further, international operations carry inherent uncertainties regarding the effect of local or domestic actions, such as the unpredictable impact of the referendum vote in the United Kingdom to leave the European Union (Brexit) and the uncertainty regarding the terms that govern its exit, any of which could be material. These and other risks related to our foreign operations, or the associated costs or liabilities, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be unable to protect our proprietary rights.

Many of our product and service offerings incorporate proprietary information, trade secrets, know-how, and other intellectual property rights. We rely on a combination of contracts, patents, copyrights, and trade secret laws to establish and protect our proprietary rights in our technology. We cannot be certain that we have taken all appropriate steps to deter misappropriation of our intellectual property. There has also been an apparent evolution in the legal standards and regulations courts and the U.S. patent office may apply in favorably evaluating software patent rights. We are not currently involved in any material intellectual property litigation; however, we may be a party to such litigation in the future to protect our proprietary information, trade secrets, know-how, and other intellectual property rights. We cannot assure you that claimsthird parties will not assert infringement or misappropriation claims against us with respect to current or future products. Any claims or litigation, with or without merit, could be time-consuming, costly, and a diversion to management. Any such claims and litigation could also cause delays or require us to enter into royalty or licensing arrangements. Such royalty or licensing arrangements, if required, may not be available on terms acceptable to us, if at all. Therefore, litigation to defend and enforce our intellectual property rights could have a material adverse effect on our business, regardless of the final outcome of such litigation.

We rely on software licensed from, and services rendered by, third parties in order to provide our modules and run our business.

We rely on software licensed from, and services rendered by, third parties in order to provide our modules and run our business. Third-party software and services may not continue to be available on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. Any loss of the right to use, or any failures of, third-party software or services could result in delays in our ability to provide our modules or run our business until equivalent software or services are developed by us or, if available, identified, obtained and integrated, which could be costly and time-consuming and may not result in an equivalent module, any of which could cause an adverse effect on our business and operating results. Further, customers could assert claims against us in connection with such service disruption or cease conducting business with us altogether. Even if not successful, a claim brought against us by any of our customers would likely be time-consuming and costly to defend and could seriously damage our reputation and brand, making it harder for these reasons. Weus to sell our modules.

Pending or future litigation or governmental proceedings could result in material adverse consequences, including judgments or settlements.

As a large company with international operations, across the U.S. and our directorsCanada in particular, we are, and officers who knowinglyfrom time to time become, involved in lawsuits, regulatory inquiries, and willfully authorized or permitted any distribution to be paidgovernmental and other legal proceedings arising out of our share premium account while we were unable to pay our debts as they fall due in the ordinary course of our business, including with respect to alleged infringement of third-party patents and other intellectual property rights, commercial, corporate and securities, labor and employment, wage and hour and other claims. Additionally, our participation in the waste and recycling industry, even though we are only an indirect market participant that does not own or operate any landfill or hauling operations, subjects us to additional claims that many other companies in other industries are not likely to face. Many of these matters raise complicated factual and legal issues and are subject to uncertainties and complexities, all of which make the matters costly and often divert management’s attention from day-to-day operations. For example, we may incur costs to defend against litigation brought by government agencies and private parties who allege we are in violation of our permits and applicable environmental laws and regulations, or who assert claims alleging nuisance, environmental damage, personal injury or property damage. Additionally, in recent years, wage and employment laws have changed regularly and become increasingly complex, which has fostered litigation, including purported class actions. The timing of the final resolutions to lawsuits, regulatory inquiries, and governmental and other legal proceedings is uncertain. We may be required to pay fines or judgments, which could be significant, or to implement corrective measures, or we may have our permits and licenses modified or revoked as a result of these actions. We establish accruals for our estimates of the costs associated with lawsuits, regulatory, governmental and other legal proceedings. We could underestimate such accruals. Such shortfalls could result in significant unanticipated charges to income. A significant judgment against us, the loss of a significant permit or license, or the imposition of a significant fine or other expenses in excess of any accrual or reserve could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. See Note 20 – Commitments and contingencies to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

Our ability to use our net operating loss (“NOL”) carryovers may be limited.

As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately $35.3 million of tax-effected federal NOL carryovers and $6.4 million of tax-effected state NOL carryovers. $34.6 million of our tax-effected federal NOL carryovers have no expiration date and the usage of these NOL carryovers is limited to 80% of taxable income and the remaining federal NOL carryovers expire in varying amounts at various dates beginning in 2032. $6.4 million of our tax-effected state NOL carryovers will expire in varying amounts at various dates beginning in 2024. Utilization of our NOLs depends on many factors, including our future income, which cannot be assured. In addition, Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), generally imposes an annual limitation on the amount of NOLs that may be used to offset taxable income when a corporation has undergone an “ownership change” (as determined under Section 382 of the Code). In the event that an ownership change has occurred, or were to occur, with respect to us, utilization of our NOLs would be guiltysubject to an annual limitation under Section 382 of an offence andthe Code. Any unused annual limitation may be liable for a finecarried over to later years. If we were to undergo an ownership change, some or all of $18,292.68our U.S. federal NOLs could expire before they can be used. In addition, future ownership changes or changes to the U.S. tax laws could limit our ability to utilize our NOLs. To the extent we are not able to offset our future income with our NOLs, this could adversely affect our operating results and imprisonment for five yearscash flows if we attain profitability. For additional information on our use of NOLs, see Note 19—Income taxes to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in the Cayman Islands.this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

We may face material adverse tax consequences resulting from the Business Combination.

In connection with the completion of the Business Combination, Founder completed its domestication from the Cayman Islands to the State of Delaware (the “Domestication”). We believe that the Domestication qualifies as a “reorganization” under section 368(a) of the Code and is treated, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as if Founder (i) transferred all of its assets and liabilities to a new U.S. corporation (“New Rubicon”) in exchange for all of such new corporation’s outstanding stock and (ii) then distributed the stock and warrants of New Rubicon to its shareholders and warrant holders of Founder in liquidation of Founder. Additionally, we believe the Business Combination should be treated for tax purposes as a transfer by New Rubicon of its assets to Holdings LLC in a transaction intended to qualify as a contribution to Holdings LLC in exchange for Holding LLC’s common units or preferred units under Section 721 of the Code.

We may face material adverse U.S. tax consequences as a result of the Business Combination, and the Internal Revenue Service may not hold an annual general meeting untilagree with or may otherwise challenge our position on the tax treatment of the Business Combination or of internal restructuring transactions undertaken prior to, after, or in connection with the consummationBusiness Combination, which could result in higher U.S. federal tax costs than we anticipate, including a reduction in the net operating loss carryforwards of certain of our initialsubsidiaries. We have not applied for a ruling related to the Business Combination and do not intend to do so. Any adverse tax consequences resulting from the Business Combination or our operations as Rubicon Technologies, Inc. could have an adverse effect on our business, combinationresults of operations, financial condition and cash flows. Moreover, U.S. tax laws significantly limit our ability to redomicile outside of the United States.

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness

Our current liquidity, including negative cash flows and a lack of existing financial resources, raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, which may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects..

In accordance with Nasdaq corporate governance requirements,Pursuant to ASC 205, Presentation of Financial Statements, we are not required to hold anand do evaluate at each annual general meeting untiland interim financial statement period whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the consolidated financial statements are issued. Based on the definitions in the relevant accounting standards and our first fiscal year end following our listing on Nasdaq. There is no requirement under the Companies Act for us to hold annual or general meetings to appoint directors. Untilhistory of operating losses and negative cash flows, we hold an annual general meeting, public shareholders may not be afforded the opportunity to appoint directors and to discuss company affairs with management. Our board of directors is divided into three classes with only one class of directors being appointed in each year and each class (except for those directors appointed prior to our first annual general meeting) serving a three-year term.

We may seek acquisition opportunities in industries or sectors which may or may not be outside of our management’s area of expertise.

We will consider a business combination outside of our management’s area of expertise if a business combination target is presented to us and we determine that such candidate offers an attractive acquisition opportunity for our company. Although our management will endeavor to evaluate the risks inherent in any particular business combination target, we cannot assure youcurrently project that we will adequately ascertainnot have sufficient cash on hand or assessavailable liquidity under existing arrangements to meet our projected liquidity needs for the next 12 months, which raises substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

Although we have taken, and plan to continue to take, proactive measures to enhance our liquidity position and provide additional financial flexibility, including, among other things, sales of Class A Common Stock under the Cantor Sales Agreement (as defined in Note 14 – Cantor Sales Agreement to the audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report), there can be no assurance that these measures, including the timing and terms thereof, will be successful or sufficient. Any new financing may also lead to increased costs, increased interest rates, additional and more restrictive financial covenants and other lender protections, and whether we will be able to successfully complete any such refinancing will depend on market conditions, the negotiations with those lenders and investors, and our financial performance. The new financial activities may also include potential equity financing, the terms of which could cause substantial dilution to existing stockholders. In addition, we are formulating additional plans to extend cash availability, including modifying our operations to further reduce spending, but these steps may not produce the anticipated results or provide any benefit at all. While our financial statements have been prepared assuming that we will continue as a going concern, there can be no assurance the necessary financing will be available on terms acceptable to us, or at all. See Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources” and Note 1, Nature of operations and summary of significant accounting policies – Liquidity and going concern consideration, to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

If we are unable to obtain adequate additional capital resources to fund our liquidity needs, we will not be able to continue to operate our business pursuant to our current business plan, which would require us to further modify our operations to reduce spending to a sustainable level by, among other things, delaying, scaling back or eliminating some or all of our ongoing or planned investments in corporate infrastructure, business development, sales and marketing, product development and other activities, selling certain business lines or assets or we may be forced to discontinue our operations entirely and/or liquidate our assets, in which case it is likely that equity investors would lose most or all of their investment. The substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern may also affect the significant risk factors. We also cannot assure youprice of our common stock and our credit rating, negatively impact relationships with third parties with whom we do business, including customers, vendors, lenders and employees, prevent us from identifying, hiring or retaining the key personnel that an investment inmay be necessary to operate and grow our units will not ultimately provebusiness and limit our ability to be less favorable to investors in our initial public offering than a direct investment, if an opportunity were available, in a business combination target. In the event we elect to pursue an acquisition outsideraise additional capital. Any of the areasforegoing factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Our substantial levels of indebtedness could adversely affect our business.

As of December 31, 2023, we had approximately $200.4 million of indebtedness, consisting of $129.3 million in borrowings under our term loan and convertible debts (including a subordinated term loan in the amount of $20.7 million and related party convertible debt in the amount of $18.4 million) and $71.1 million under our revolving credit facility. Our indebtedness could have important consequences for us and our investors, including, but not limited to:

In addition, as our indebtedness matures, or if we are unable to service our high level of indebtedness, we may need to restructure or refinance all or a portion of our management’s expertise, our management’s expertise may not be directly applicable to its evaluationindebtedness, sell material assets or operation, and the information contained in this prospectus regarding the areas of our management’s expertise would not be relevant to an understanding of the business that we elect to acquire. As a result, our managementoperations or raise additional debt or equity capital. We may not be able to adequately ascertain or assess all of the significant risk factors. Accordingly, any holders who choose to retain their securities following the business combination could suffer a reduction in the value of their securities. Such holders are unlikely to have a remedy for such reduction in value.

Unlike some other similarly structured blank check companies, our sponsor will receive additional Class A ordinary shares if we issue shares to consummate an initial business combination.

The founder shares will automatically convert into Class A ordinary shares (which such Class A ordinary shares issued upon conversion will not have any redemption rights or be entitled to liquidating distributions from the trust account if we fail to consummate an initial business combination) at the time of our initial business combination at a ratio such that the number of Class A ordinary shares issuable upon conversion of all founder shares will equal, in the aggregate, on an as-converted basis, 20% of the sum of (i) the total number of ordinary shares issued and outstanding upon completion of our initial public offering, plus (ii) the total number of Class A ordinary shares issued or deemed issued or issuable upon conversion or exercise of any equity-linked securities or rights issued or deemed issued, by the Company in connection with or in relation to the consummation of the initial business combination, excluding any Class A ordinary shares or equity-linked securities exercisable for or convertible into Class A ordinary shares issued, deemed issued, or to be issued, to any seller in the initial business combination and any private placement warrants issued to our sponsor,effect any of its affiliatesthese actions on a timely basis, on commercially reasonable terms, or any members ofat all, and these actions may not be sufficient to meet our management team upon conversion of working capital loans. In no event will the Class B ordinary shares convert into Class A ordinary shares at a rate of less than one-to-one. This is different than some other similarly structured blank check companiesrequirements. Furthermore, we may not be able to invest in which the initial shareholders will only be issued an aggregate of 20% of the total number of shares to be outstanding prior to the initialour business combination.

We do not have a specified maximum redemption threshold. The absence of such a redemption threshold may make it possible for us to complete our initial business combination with which a substantial majority of our shareholders do not agree.

Our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association does not provide a specified maximum redemption threshold, except that in no event will we redeem our public shares in an amount that would cause our net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001 (so that we do not then become subject to the SEC’s “penny stock” rules). Asas a result, we may not be able to completeachieve our initial business combination even thoughforecasted results of operations.

The interest rates under our existing indebtedness are significant – Prime Rate plus up to 8.75% for our term loan, 15.0% for our subordinated term loan, up to 14.0% for the convertible debts and up to SOFR plus 4.25% for our revolving credit facility bears interest. Our ability to make payments on debt (including interest), to repay existing or future indebtedness when due, to fund operations and significant planned capital expenditures and to support our growth strategy will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. Our ability to produce cash from operations is, and will be, subject to a substantial majoritynumber of risks, including those described above in “—Risks Related to Our Business and Industry” and elsewhere in this report. Our ability to repay debt will also depend on external factors that are outside of our public shareholders docontrol, including economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors. If we are unable to make required interest and principal payments on our indebtedness, it would result in an event of default under the agreements governing such indebtedness, which may result in the acceleration of some or all of our outstanding indebtedness and foreclosure on the assets that secure such indebtedness.

Although our debt agreements contain restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, the amount of indebtedness that could be incurred in the future in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial, thereby exacerbating the risks associated with our high level of indebtedness.

Any of the foregoing risks could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. For additional information on our indebtedness, see Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations— Liquidity and Capital Resources” and Note 1, Nature of operations and summary of significant accounting policies – Liquidity and going concern consideration, Note 5, Debt, and Note 23, Subsequent Events, to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

The terms and covenants in our existing indebtedness restrict our ability to engage in some business and financial transactions, which could adversely affect our business.

Our credit facility has restrictive covenants that limit our and our subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things:

In addition, our credit facility contains financial maintenance covenants that, among other things, require us to maintain minimum qualified billed and unbilled receivables and to not agreeexceed a specified borrowing base or net leverage ratio tested at the end of each quarter. Among other things, we may not be able to borrow money under our credit facility if we are unable to comply with the transactionfinancial and have redeemed their sharesother covenants included therein. Our credit facility also contains certain customary representations and warranties, affirmative covenants and events of default with acceleration rights (including, among other things, an event of default upon a material adverse change in our business condition (financial or if we seek shareholder approvalotherwise), operations, properties or prospects, change of management, or change of control). If an event of default occurs, our initial business combinationlenders will be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of amounts due under our credit facility and do not conduct redemptionsall actions permitted to be taken by a secured creditor. Our revolving credit facility also includes a lockbox arrangement, which provides for receipts to be swept daily to reduce borrowings outstanding at the discretion of the lender.

The YA SPA contains restrictive covenants that limit our ability to, among other things:

The YA Warrant and YA Convertible Debentures also contain certain customary representations and warranties, affirmative covenants and events of default with acceleration rights (including, among other things, upon cross-defaults under other loan documents, bankruptcy or insolvency, and delisting of the Class A Common Stock). If an event of default occurs, the Yorkville Investor will be entitled to take various actions, which include the ability to (i) declare the full unpaid principal amount of the YA Convertible Debentures, together with interest and other amounts owing in connection with our initial business combination pursuantrespect thereof, immediately due and payable in cash and (ii) force Rubicon to purchase the YA Warrant in whole from the Yorkville Investor by paying to the tender offer rules, have entered into privately negotiated agreementsYorkville Investor a cash amount equal to sell their shares to our sponsor, officers, directors, advisors or their affiliates.

In the eventproduct of (a) $20.0 million, multiplied by (b) the aggregate cash consideration we would bequotient of (y) the number of YA Warrant Shares called for by the YA Warrant as of the date such payment is made divided by (z) the original number of YA Warrant Shares underlying the YA Warrant (plus any increase required to pay for all Class A ordinary shares that are validly submitted for redemption plus any amount required to satisfy cash conditions pursuant to the terms thereof), which amount will be paid within 20 trading days of the proposed business combination exceeddate of notice from the aggregate amountYorkville Investor.

Any future debt that we incur may contain additional and more restrictive negative covenants and financial maintenance covenants. These restrictions could limit our ability to obtain debt financing, repurchase stock, pay dividends, refinance or pay principal on our outstanding debt, complete acquisitions for cash or debt or react to changes in our operating environment or the economy.

Our failure to us, we willcomply with our obligations or the agreements governing any future indebtedness may result in an event of default under the applicable agreement. A default, if not complete the business combinationcured or redeem any shares,waived, may permit acceleration of some or all Class A ordinary shares submitted for redemption will be returned to the holders thereof,of our other indebtedness and we instead may search for an alternate business combination.

In order to effectuate an initial business combination, blank check companies have, in the recent past, amended various provisions of their charterstrigger other termination and similar rights under other governing instruments, including their warrant agreements.contracts. We cannot assure yoube certain that we will not seekbe able to amendremedy any defaults and, if our amendedindebtedness is accelerated, we cannot be certain that we will have sufficient funds available to pay the accelerated indebtedness or that we will have the ability to refinance the accelerated indebtedness on terms favorable to us or at all, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and restated memorandumresults of operations.

The required interest payments on our indebtedness under the credit facility may be impacted by reforms related to the reference interest rates. The variable interest rates applicable under the credit facility are linked to Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as the benchmark rate for establishing such rates. Although one or more of our credit facilities includes mechanics to facilitate the adoption by us and articlesour lenders of association or governing instrumentsan alternative benchmark rate for use in place of SOFR, no assurance can be made that such alternative benchmark rate will perform in a manner similar to SOFR or result in interest rates that will make it easier forare at least as favorable to us as those that would have resulted had SOFR remained in effect, which could result in an increase in our interest expense and other debt service obligations. In addition, the overall credit market may be disrupted as a result of the replacement of SOFR or in the anticipation thereof, which could have an adverse impact on our ability to completerefinance, reprice, or amend our initial business combination thatexisting indebtedness or incur additional indebtedness on favorable terms or at all.

See Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity and Capital Resources” and Note 1, Nature of operations and summary of significant accounting policies – Liquidity and going concern consideration, Note 5, Debt, and Note 23, Subsequent Events, to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

Risks Related to Ownership of Our Securities

Certain existing shareholders purchased securities in Rubicon at a price below the current trading price of such securities, and may experience a positive rate of return based on the current trading price. Future investors in Rubicon may not support.experience a similar rate of return.

In order to effectuate a business combination, blank check companies have,Certain shareholders in the recent past, amended various provisionsRubicon acquired and may acquire shares of their charters and governing instruments, including their warrant agreements. For example, blank check companies have amended the definition of business combination, increased redemption thresholds, extended the time to consummate an initial business combination and, with respect to their warrants, amended their warrant agreements to require the warrants to be exchanged for cash and/or other securities. Amending our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association will require at least a special resolution of our shareholders as a matter of Cayman Islands law, meaning the approval of holders of at least two-thirds of our ordinary shares who attend and vote at a general meeting of the company, and amending our warrant agreement will require a vote of holders of at least 50% of the public warrants and, solely with respect to any amendment to the terms of the private placement warrants or any provision of the warrant agreement with respect to the private placement warrants, 50% of the number of the then outstanding private placement warrants. In addition, our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association will require us to provide our public shareholders with the opportunity to redeem their public shares for cash if we propose an amendment to our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association (A) that would modify the substance or timing of our obligation to provide holders of our Class A ordinary shares the right to have their shares redeemedCommon Stock (or Class B Units) or warrants at prices below, in connection with our initial business combination or to redeem 100% of our public shares if we do not complete our initial business combination within 15 months (or up to 18 months if we extend the period of time to consummate a business combination) from the closing of our initial public offering or (B) with respect to any other provision relating to the rights of holders of our Class A ordinary shares. To the extent any of such amendments would be deemed to fundamentally change the nature of any of the securities offered through this registration statement, we would register, or seek an exemption from registration for, the affected securities. We cannot assure you that we will not seek to amend our charter or governing instruments or extend the time to consummate an initial business combination in order to effectuate our initial business combination.

Our sponsor controls a substantial interest in us and thus may exert a substantial influence on actions requiring a shareholder vote, potentially in a manner that you do not support.

Upon closing of our initial public offering, our sponsor owns, on an as-converted basis, 20% of our issued and outstanding ordinary shares (assuming it does not purchase any units in our initial public offering). Accordingly, it may exert a substantial influence on actions requiring a shareholder vote, potentially in a manner that you do not support, including amendments to our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association. If our sponsor purchases any units in our initial public offering or if our sponsor purchases any additional Class A ordinary shares in the aftermarket or in privately negotiated transactions, this would increase its control. Neither our sponsor nor, to our knowledge, any of our officers or directors, have any current intention to purchase additional securities, other than as disclosed in this prospectus. Factors that would be considered in making such additional purchases would include consideration ofsome cases considerably below, the current trading price of our Class A ordinary shares. Common Stock or for no cash consideration at all and may experience a positive rate of return based on the current trading price.

Additionally, the Yorkville Investor acquired the Yorkville Commitment Shares for no cash consideration and may acquire additional Class A Common Stock at a discount to the current trading price in the case of any other shares of Class A Common Stock to be issued pursuant to the YA Warrant. Given the relatively lower purchase prices that some of our shareholders paid to acquire securities and exercise prices that some of our shareholders may pay to exercise warrants to acquire shares of Class A Common Stock compared to the current trading price of our shares of Class A Common Stock, these shareholders, some of whom are Selling Securityholders pursuant to registration statements we are obligated to file to register the resale of shares of Class A Common Stock, in some instances will earn a positive rate of return on their investment, which may be a significant positive rate of return, depending on the market price of our shares of Class A Common Stock at the time that such shareholders choose to sell their shares of Class A Common Stock. Investors who purchased units in Founder SPAC’s initial public offering, who purchased Founder Class A Shares on the NYSE following the IPO or who purchase our Class A Common Stock and warrants on the NYSE following the Business Combination may not experience a similar rate of return on the securities they purchase due to differences in the purchase prices and the current trading price.

Substantial future sales of shares of Class A Common Stock could cause the market price of our shares of Class A Common stock to decline.

We have agreed, at our expense, to prepare and file with the SEC certain registration statements providing for the resale of shares of Class A Common Stock.

Potential new issuances of Class A Common Stock include (a) the exercise of the IPO Warrants, (b) the vesting of all RSU and DSU awards, (c) the utilization of the Cantor Sales Agreement, (d) exercise of the YA Warrant, (e) satisfaction of the Vellar Termination Agreement in Class A Common Stock, (f) the conversion of the Insider Convertible Debentures, (h) Additional Subordinated Term Loan Warrants, (i) Advisor Warrant, (j) June 2023 Term Loan Warrants, (k) Rodina Warrant, (l) Earn-Out Interest and (m) Class V Common Stock: