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PART I

Item 1. Business

General

We serve major, national and independent oil and natural gas exploration and production companies around the world and offer products and services with respect to the various phases of a well’s economic life cycle.

2021 was a transformative year at Superior. Following our emergence from bankruptcy, we embarked on a diligent effort to reconfigure our operations and organization to maximize shareholder value, enhance margin growth and have a more disciplined approach, both operationally and financially (the “Transformation Project”).

The Transformation Project has been focused around three sequential phases:

The evaluation and implementation of the Business Unit Review is substantially complete, which has resulted in lower revenue with increased margins. The Right Size Support and Geographic Focus components are ongoing and should be completed during 2022.

Historically, we provided a wide variety of services and products to many markets within the energy industry. During 2021, we realigned our core businesses to focus on products and services that we believe meet the criteria of (1) being critical to our customers’ oil and gas operations, (2) facing low or no competition from the three largest global oilfield service companies, (3) requiring deep technical expertise through the design or use of our product or service, and (4) being unlikely to become a commoditized product or service to our customers. The result of this approach is a portfolio of business lines grounded in our core mission of providing high quality products and services while maintaining the trust and serving the needs of our customers, with an emphasis on free cash flow generation and capital efficiency for us.

In connection with our Transformation Project, our reportable segments were changed to Rentals and Well Services.

Recent Developments

As used herein, “Superior,” “we,” “us”, “our” and similar terms refer to (i) prior to the Emergence Date (as defined below), SESI Holdings, Inc. (formerly known as Superior Energy Services, Inc.) (“Predecessor”) and its subsidiaries and (ii) after the Emergence Date, Superior Energy Services, Inc. (formerly known as Superior Newco, Inc.) and its subsidiaries (“Successor”). Additionally, the use the following terms refer to our operations:

Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11

On December 4, 2020, we and certain of our direct and indirect wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries (the “Affiliate Debtors”) entered into an Amended and Restated Restructuring Support Agreement (the “Amended RSA”) that amended and restated in its entirety the Restructuring Support Agreement (the “RSA”), dated September 29, 2020, with certain holders of SESI, L.L.C.’s (“SESI”) outstanding (i) 7.125% senior unsecured notes due 2021 (the “7.125% Notes”) and (ii) 7.750% senior unsecured notes due 2024 (the “7.750% Notes”). The parties to the Amended RSA agreed to the principal terms of a proposed financial restructuring of the Affiliate Debtors, which was implemented through the Plan (as defined below).

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On December 7, 2020, the Affiliate Debtors filed the Chapter 11 Cases under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code in the Bankruptcy Court, and, in connection therewith, the Affiliate Debtors filed with the Bankruptcy Court the proposed Joint Prepackaged Plan of Reorganization under the Bankruptcy Code (as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, the “Plan”). After commencement of the Chapter 11 Cases, the Affiliate Debtors continued to operate their businesses as “debtors-in-possession” under the jurisdiction of the Bankruptcy Court and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code and orders of the Bankruptcy Court.

In connection with the Chapter 11 Cases, the Affiliate Debtors filed a motion for approval of a debtor-in-possession financing facility, and on December 8, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court approved such motion and entered an interim order approving the financing (the “Interim DIP Order”). In accordance with the Interim DIP Order, on December 9, 2020, we, as guarantor and SESI, as borrower, entered into a $120 million Senior Secured Debtor-in-Possession Credit Agreement (the “DIP Credit Facility”). On January 19, 2021, the Bankruptcy Court approved the Affiliate Debtors’ entry into the DIP Credit Facility on a final basis.

On January 19, 2021, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order, Docket No. 289, confirming and approving the Plan.

Emergence from Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11

On February 2, 2021 (the “Emergence Date”), the conditions to effectiveness of the Plan were satisfied or waived and we emerged from Chapter 11.

Bankruptcy Claims

During the Chapter 11 Cases, the Affiliate Debtors filed with the Bankruptcy Court schedules and statements setting forth, among other things, the assets and liabilities of each of the Affiliate Debtors, subject to the assumptions filed in connection therewith. Certain holders of pre-petition claims that were not governmental units were required to file proofs of claim by the bar date of January 7, 2021. Certain holders of pre-petition claims that were governmental units were required to file proofs of claim by the bar date of June 7, 2021. The Affiliate Debtors’ have received proofs of claim, primarily representing general unsecured claims, of approximately $1.7 billion. The Bankruptcy Court disallows claims that have been acknowledged as duplicates. Claims totaling approximately $1.4 billion have been withdrawn or disallowed. As a result of the claims resolution process post-emergence, the Affiliate Debtors agreed to allow certain claims classified per the Plan as Class 6 General Unsecured Claims against the Parent. Per ASC 852-10, liabilities are measured at their allowed claim amount, and the result of allowing these claims increased liabilities subject to compromise prior to emergence.

On the Emergence Date and pursuant to the Plan:

Prior to the Emergence Date, the Equity Rights Offering was completed in accordance with the Plan, which resulted in the issuance of 735,189 shares of Class A Common Stock. The Class A Common Stock issued in the Equity Rights Offering was exempt from

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registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) pursuant to section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and/or Regulation D promulgated thereunder.

The costs of our efforts to restructure our capital, prior to and during the Chapter 11 Cases, along with all other costs incurred in connection with the Chapter 11 Cases, have been material.

On the Emergence Date, pursuant to the terms of the Plan, we filed an Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Certificate of Incorporation”) and a Certificate of Amendment of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Certificate of Amendment”).

Also, on the Emergence Date, and pursuant to the terms of the Plan, we adopted the Amended and Restated Bylaws (the “Bylaws”). The descriptions of the Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full texts of the Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws, and Certificate of Amendment which are incorporated by reference herein.

Credit Facility

On the Emergence Date, pursuant to the Plan, we entered into a Credit Agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the other lenders and letter of credit issuers named therein providing for a $120.0 million asset-based secured revolving Credit Facility, all of which is available for the issuance of letters of credit (the “Credit Facility”). The issuance of letters of credit will reduce availability under the Credit Facility dollar-for-dollar. On the Emergence Date, the Credit Facility replaced the DIP Credit Facility and the undrawn letters of credit outstanding under the former DIP Credit Facility were deemed outstanding under the Credit Facility. All accrued and unpaid fees and other amounts outstanding thereunder were paid in cash in full as well. The Credit Facility will mature on December 9, 2024.

The borrowing base under the Credit Facility is determined by reference to SESI’s and its subsidiary guarantors’ (i) eligible accounts receivable, (ii) eligible inventory, (iii) solely during the period from the Emergence Date until the earlier of December 9, 2022 and the date that unrestricted cash of SESI and its wholly-owned subsidiaries is less than $75.0 million, eligible premium rental drill pipe and (iv) so long as there are no loans outstanding at such time, certain cash of SESI and its subsidiary guarantors, less reserves established by the administrative agent in its permitted discretion.

Availability under the Credit Facility will be the lesser of (i) the commitments and (ii) the borrowing base. Subject to certain conditions, upon request and with the consent of the participating lenders, the total commitments under the Credit Facility may be increased to $170.0 million. SESI’s obligations under the Credit Facility are guaranteed by us and all of SESI’s material domestic subsidiaries and secured by substantially all of our, SESI’s and the subsidiary guarantors’ assets, other than real property.

Any borrowings under the Credit Facility will bear interest, at SESI’s option, at either an adjusted LIBOR rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 3.00% to 3.50% per annum, or an alternate base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 2.00% to 2.50% per annum, in each case on the basis of the consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio. In addition, SESI is required to pay (i) a letter of credit fee, (ii) to the issuing lender of each letter of credit, a fronting fee and (iii) commitment fees. Upon the cessation of LIBOR, the Credit Facility provides for the use of alternative benchmark rates for the determination of the borrowing rate, and the cessation of LIBOR will not have a material impact on us.

Unless all loans are paid off and letters of credit outstanding are cash collateralized and the Credit Facility terminated, the Credit Facility requires, subject to permitted exceptions, compliance with various covenants, including, but not limited to, limitations on the incurrence of indebtedness, permitted investments, liens on assets, making distributions, transactions with affiliates, mergers, consolidations, dispositions of assets and other provisions customary in similar types of agreements. The Credit Facility also requires compliance with a fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.0 to 1.0 if (a) an event of default has occurred and is continuing or (b) availability under the Credit Facility is less than the greater of $20.0 million or 15% of the lesser of the aggregate commitments and the borrowing base.

On May 13, 2021, SESI, SESI Holdings, Inc. and the subsidiary guarantors party thereto entered into a first amendment and waiver to the Credit Facility (the “First Amendment and Waiver to the Credit Facility”) to, among other things, (i) extend the deadline thereunder for the delivery of our consolidated unaudited financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 to June 1, 2021 and (ii) obtain a limited waiver of potential defaults under the Credit Facility related to a delayed public filing of such financial statements after the original deadline for delivery of such financial statements.

On May 28, 2021, SESI, L.L.C., SESI Holdings, Inc. and the subsidiary guarantors party thereto entered into a waiver to the Credit Facility to (i) extend the deadline under the Credit Agreement for the delivery of Superior Energy Services, Inc.’s consolidated unaudited financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 and the calendar months ending April 30, 2021 and May 31, 2021 to July 15,

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2021 and (ii) agree that until the unaudited financial statements and a revised borrowing base certificate in connection therewith are delivered, the lenders will not be required to make any advances requested. As discussed below, we have filed the required financial statements and delivered the revised borrowing base certificate in satisfaction of this requirement.

On July 15, 2021, SESI, the Former Parent, and the subsidiary guarantors party thereto entered into a waiver to the Credit Facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and lender, and certain other financial institutions and other parties thereto as lenders to (i) extend the deadline under the Credit Facility for the delivery of our consolidated unaudited financial statements (x) as of and for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 to September 30, 2021 and (y) as of and for the quarter ended June 30, 2021 and the calendar months ending April 30, 2021, May 31, 2021, July 31, 2021 and August 31, 2021 to October 30, 2021, (ii) obtain a limited waiver of potential defaults under the Credit Facility related to a delayed public filing of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q with respect to the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2021 (including related financial statements) after the original deadline (and confirmation of such waiver as it pertains to the quarterly report on Form 10-Q with respect to the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2021), and (iii) agree that until the quarterly unaudited financial statements and a revised borrowing base certificate in connection with each such quarter is delivered, the lenders will not be required to make any advances requested. We filed our consolidated unaudited financial statements as of, and for, the quarters ended March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021 and delivered a revised borrowing base certificate within the required timeframe.

On November 15, 2021, we entered into a Second Amendment and Waiver to our Credit Agreement to (i) extend the deadline under the Credit Agreement for the delivery of our consolidated unaudited financial statements as of, and for, the quarter ended September 30, 2021 and the calendar month ending October 31, 2021 to December 10, 2021, (ii) obtain a limited waiver of potential defaults under the Credit Agreement related to a delayed public filing of the quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 after the original deadline, and (iii) agree that until the quarterly unaudited financial statements and a revised borrowing base certificate in connection with such quarter are delivered, the lenders will not be required to make any advances requested by Borrower. We filed our consolidated unaudited financial statements as of, and for, the quarter ended September 30, 2021 and delivered a revised borrowing base certificate within the required timeframe. In addition, the Credit Agreement was amended to, among other things, permit the disposition of the HB Onshore Rentals Business (as defined in the Credit Agreement).

On February 10, 2022, we entered into a Third Amendment to Credit Agreement to, among other things, provide us with additional flexibility around making asset sales. Specifically, the Credit Agreement was amended to refresh the amount of properties sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of pursuant to the “Substantial Portion” exception to $0 as of January 31, 2022. The “Substantial Portion” exception allows us to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of properties so long as the aggregate value of all such properties sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of do not exceed (a) 10% of our gross book value of the assets during the four fiscal year quarter period ending with the fiscal quarter in which such determination is made, or (b) 10% of our consolidated net sales or net income during the four fiscal year quarter period ending with the fiscal quarter in which such determination is made. The Credit Agreement was also amended to add a new asset sale exception that allows us to make additional asset sales up to $25.0 million so long as (a) liquidity is greater than $100.0 million, (ii) unused availability under the Credit Agreement is greater than $25.0 million, and (iii) we receive 100% cash consideration to the extent that the property being sold is otherwise included in the calculation of the borrowing base under the Credit Agreement.

On March 8, 2022, we entered into a Fourth Amendment and Waiver to Credit Agreement to, among other things, permit us to file SES Energy Services India Pvt. Ltd, a private limited company of India and an indirect subsidiary, for bankruptcy under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code of India without triggering a default under the Credit Agreement.

The foregoing description of the Credit Facility, including the related amendments thereto, is a summary only and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Credit Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Stockholders Agreement

On the Emergence Date, in order to implement the governance related provisions reflected in the Plan, the stockholder’s agreement, dated February 2, 2021 (the “Stockholders Agreement”), was executed, to provide for certain governance matters. Other than the obligations related to Confidential Information (as defined in the Stockholders Agreement), the rights and preferences of each stockholder under the Stockholders Agreement will terminate when such stockholder ceases to own any shares of Class A common stock.

The foregoing description of the Stockholders Agreement is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the document, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Amendments to Stockholders Agreement

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We and stockholders holding a majority of our Class A common stock entered into an amendment to the Stockholders Agreement, effective May 14, 2021, extending the deadline to provide our stockholders unaudited consolidated quarterly financial statements from 45 days after the conclusion of a quarter to 60 days after such quarter (or, if applicable, the first business day thereafter).

We and stockholders holding a majority of our Class A common stock entered into the Second Amendment to the Stockholders Agreement, effective May 31, 2021, extending the deadline to provide our stockholders the unaudited consolidated quarterly financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 to no later than July 15, 2021.

We and stockholders holding a majority of our Class A common stock entered into the Third Amendment to the Stockholders Agreement, effective as of July 14, 2021, extending the deadline to provide our stockholders the unaudited consolidated quarterly financial statements for the quarters ended March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021 to no later than September 30, 2021 and October 31, 2021, respectively.

We and stockholders holding a majority of our Class A common stock entered the Fourth Amendment to the Stockholders Agreement, effective as of November 15, 2021, extending the deadline to provide our stockholders the unaudited consolidated quarterly financial statements for the quarters ended September 30, 2021 to no later than December 10, 2021 and making certain technical amendments to the financial statement delivery mechanics.

We and stockholders holding a majority of our Class A common stock entered into the Fifth Amendment to the Stockholders Agreement, effective as of February 9, 2022, which provides that if an officer or other authorized agent has been granted authority to approve a matter or take other action pursuant to a board-approved delegation of authority matrix, prior approval of the board will be deemed obtained without any further approval from the board.

COVID-19 Pandemic and Market Conditions

During 2021, the significant business disruption resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic impacted customers, vendors and suppliers in all geographical areas where we operate as well as the broader economies of affected countries. However, there are signs that business activity around the world has adjusted and will continue to improve in 2022.

The recent wave of COVID-19 cases related to the Omicron variant somewhat dampened the expectations regarding economic recovery and higher demand for oil. For example, due to travel restrictions put in place as a result of Omicron, the global oil demand forecast for 2022 was originally revised down by forecasters, including the IEA and EIA, primarily to account for projected reduced jet fuel use. However, the Omicron variant appears to be less severe than prior waves of COVID-19 variants. Consequently, management believes that this surge should not halt the recovery in oil demand. With widespread vaccination campaigns, and the apparent lower rates of serious illness and hospitalization resulting from the recent wave, this wave is likely to have a lesser impact on the economy and demand for oil than previous COVID-19 variants.

Absent any further material COVID-related disruption, oil demand is expected to exceed pre-pandemic levels before the end of 2022. We also expect to accelerate work on projects that were delayed or slowed due to pandemic-related travel restrictions.

Products and Services

We offer a wide variety of specialized oilfield services and equipment generally categorized by their typical use during the economic life of a well. A description of the products and services offered by each of our segments is as follows:

The products and service offerings of Rentals are comprised of value-added engineering and design services, rental of premium drill strings, tubing, landing strings, completion tubulars and handling accessories, manufacturing and rental of bottom hole assemblies, and rentals of accommodation units.

The products and service offerings of Well Services are comprised of risk management, well control and training solutions, hydraulic workover and snubbing services, engineering and manufacturing of premium sand control tools, and onshore international production services. The Well Services segment also includes the operations of our offshore oil and gas property.

For information about our operating segments and financial information by operating segment and geographic area, refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in Part II, Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the Notes to our consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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Customers

Our customers are major and independent oil and gas companies that are active in the geographic areas in which we operate. There were no customers that exceeded 10% of our total revenues in 2021, 2020 or 2019. A reduction in sales to any of our existing large customers could have a material adverse effect on our business and operations.

Competition

We provide products and services worldwide in highly competitive markets, with competitors comprised of both small or regionally focused companies, and large or international companies. Our revenues and earnings can be affected by several factors, including but not limited to changes in competition, fluctuations in drilling and completion activity, perceptions of future prices of oil and gas, government regulation, disruptions caused by factors such as weather, pandemics, and geopolitics, and general economic conditions. We believe that the principal competitive factors are price, performance, product and service quality, safety, response time and breadth of products and services.

Potential Liabilities and Insurance

Our operations involve a high degree of operational risk and expose us to significant liabilities. An accident involving our services or equipment, or the failure of a product sold by us, could result in personal injury, loss of life, and damage to property, equipment or the environment. Litigation arising from a catastrophic occurrence, such as fire, explosion, well blowout or vessel loss, may result in substantial claims for damages.

As is customary in our industry, our contracts generally provide that we will indemnify and hold harmless our customers from any claims arising from personal injury or death of our employees, damage to or loss of our equipment, and pollution emanating from our equipment and services. Similarly, our customers generally agree to indemnify and hold us harmless from any claims arising from personal injury or death of their employees, damage to or loss of their equipment or property, and pollution caused from their equipment or the well reservoir (including uncontained oil flow from a reservoir). Nonetheless, our indemnification arrangements may not protect us in every case.

We maintain a liability insurance program that covers against certain operating hazards, including product liability, property damage and personal injury claims, as well as certain limited environmental pollution claims for damage to a third party or its property arising out of contact with pollution for which we are liable, but well control costs are not covered by this program. These policies include primary and excess umbrella liability policies with limits of $200 million per occurrence, including sudden and accidental pollution incidents. All of the insurance policies we purchase contain specific terms, conditions, limitations and exclusions and are subject to either deductibles or self-insured retention amounts for which we are responsible. There can be no assurance that the nature and amount of insurance we maintain will be sufficient to fully protect us against all liabilities related to our business.

Government Regulation

Our business is significantly affected by federal, state and local laws and other regulations. These laws and regulations relate to, among other things:

Numerous permits are required for the conduct of our business and operation of our various facilities and equipment, including our underground injection wells, trucks and other heavy equipment. These permits can be revoked, modified or renewed by issuing authorities based on factors both within and outside our control.

We cannot predict the level of enforcement of existing laws and regulations or how such laws and regulations may be interpreted by enforcement agencies or court rulings in the future. We also cannot predict whether additional laws and regulations will be adopted, including changes in regulatory oversight, increase of federal, state or local taxes, increase of inspection costs, or the effect such changes may have on us, our businesses or our financial condition.

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Environmental Matters

Our operations, and those of our customers, are subject to extensive laws, regulations and treaties relating to air and water quality, generation, storage and handling of hazardous materials, and emission and discharge of materials into the environment. We believe we are in substantial compliance with all regulations affecting our business. Historically, our expenditures in furtherance of our compliance with these laws, regulations and treaties have not been material, and we do not expect the cost of compliance to be material in the future.

Numerous federal, state and local governmental agencies, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (the “EPA”), issue regulations that often require difficult and costly compliance measures that carry substantial administrative, civil and criminal penalties and may result in injunctive obligations for non-compliance. These laws and regulations may require the acquisition of a permit before commencing operations, restrict the types, quantities and concentrations of various substances that can be released into the environment in connection with our operations, limit or prohibit construction or drilling activities on certain lands lying within wilderness, wetlands, ecologically or seismically sensitive areas and other protected areas, require action to prevent or remediate pollution from current or former operations, such as plugging abandoned wells or closing pits, result in the suspension or revocation of necessary permits, licenses and authorizations, require that additional pollution controls be installed and impose substantial liabilities for pollution resulting from our operations or related to our owned or operated facilities. Liability under such laws and regulations is strict (i.e., no showing of “fault” is required) and can be joint and several. Moreover, it is not uncommon for neighboring landowners and other third parties to file claims for personal injury and property damage allegedly caused by the release of hazardous substances, hydrocarbons or other waste products into the environment. Changes in environmental laws and regulations occur frequently, and any changes that result in more stringent and costly pollution control or waste handling, storage, transport, disposal or cleanup requirements could materially adversely affect our operations and financial position, as well as the oil and natural gas industry and infrastructure industry in general. We have not experienced any material adverse effect from compliance with these environmental requirements. This trend, however, may not continue in the future.

Climate Change

In recent years, federal, state and local governments have taken steps to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and other greenhouse gases, collectively referred to as greenhouse gasses (“GHGs”). The EPA has finalized a series of GHG monitoring, reporting and emissions control rules for the oil and natural gas industry, and the U.S. Congress has, from time to time, considered adopting legislation to reduce emissions. Almost one-half of the states have already taken measures to reduce emissions of GHGs primarily through the development of GHG emission inventories and/or regional GHG cap-and-trade programs. Also, states have imposed increasingly stringent requirement related to the venting or flaring of gas during oil and gas operations. While we are subject to certain federal GHG monitoring and reporting requirements, our operations currently are not adversely impacted by existing federal, state and local climate change initiatives.

At the international level, in December 2015, the United States participated in the 21st Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris, France. The resulting Paris Agreement calls for the parties to undertake “ambitious efforts” to limit the average global temperature, and to conserve and enhance sinks and reservoirs of GHGs. The Agreement went into effect on November 4, 2016. The Paris Agreement establishes a framework for the parties to cooperate and report actions to reduce GHG emissions. Although the United States withdrew from the Paris Agreement effective November 4, 2020, President Biden issued an executive order on January 20, 2021 to rejoin the Paris Agreement, which went into effect on February 19, 2021. On April 21, 2021, the United States announced that it was setting an economy-wide target of reducing its greenhouse gas emissions by 50 to 52 percent below 2005 levels in 2030. In November 2021, in connection with the 26th Conference of the Parties in Glasgow, Scotland, the United States and other world leaders made further commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emission, including reducing global methane emissions by at least 30% by 2030 to meet this objective. Furthermore, many state and local leaders have stated their intent to intensify efforts to support the international commitments.

Restrictions on emissions of methane or carbon dioxide that may be imposed could adversely affect the oil and natural gas industry by reducing demand for hydrocarbons and by making it more expensive to develop and produce hydrocarbons, either of which could have a material adverse effect on future demand for our services. At this time, it is not possible to accurately estimate how potential future laws or regulations addressing GHG emissions would impact our business.

In addition, there have also been efforts in recent years to influence the investment community, including investment advisors and certain sovereign wealth, pension and endowment funds promoting divestment of fossil fuel equities and pressuring lenders to limit funding to companies engaged in the extraction of fossil fuel reserves. Such environmental activism and initiatives aimed at limiting climate change and reducing air pollution could interfere with our business activities, operations and ability to access capital. Furthermore, claims have

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been made against certain energy companies alleging that GHG emissions from oil and natural gas operations constitute a public nuisance under federal and/or state common law. As a result, private individuals or public entities may seek to enforce environmental laws and regulations against certain energy companies and could allege personal injury, property damages or other liabilities. While our business is not a party to any such litigation, we could be named in actions making similar allegations. An unfavorable ruling in any such case could significantly impact our operations and could have an adverse impact on our financial condition.

Moreover, climate change may cause more extreme weather conditions such as more intense hurricanes, thunderstorms, tornadoes and snow or ice storms, as well as rising sea levels and increased volatility in seasonal temperatures. Extreme weather conditions can interfere with our productivity and increase our costs and damage resulting from extreme weather may not be fully insured. However, at this time, we are unable to determine the extent to which climate change may lead to increased storm or weather hazards affecting our operations.

Raw Materials

We purchase various raw materials and component parts in connection with delivering our products and services. These materials are generally, but not always, available from multiple sources and may be subject to price volatility. While we generally do not experience significant long-term shortages of these materials, we have from time to time experienced temporary shortages of particular raw materials. We are always seeking ways to ensure the availability of resources, as well as manage costs of raw materials.

Seasonality

Seasonal weather and severe weather conditions can temporarily impair our operations and reduce demand for our products and services. Examples of seasonal events that negatively affect our operations include high seas associated with cold fronts during the winter months and hurricanes during the summer months in the Gulf of Mexico, and severe cold during winter months in the U.S. land market area.

Human Capital

At December 31, 2021, we had approximately 2,300 employees. Approximately 28% of our employees are subject to union contracts, all of which are in international locations. We believe that we have good relationships with our employees. We strive to employ a dynamic workforce to complement our core values. Our hiring policy forbids the discrimination in employment on the basis of age, culture, gender, national origin, sexual orientation, physical appearance, race or religion. We are an inclusive company with people of various backgrounds, experience, culture, styles and talents. We are committed to the health, safety and wellness of our employees, and we pride ourselves on workplace safety. We track and maintain several key safety metrics, which senior management reviews periodically and are included in the determination of their compensation and we evaluate management on their ability to provide safe working conditions on job sites and to create a safety culture.

Facilities

We own or lease a large number of facilities in the U.S. and in various other countries throughout the world. Our international operations are primarily focused in Latin America, Asia-Pacific and the Middle East/North Africa regions. As of December 31, 2021, we owned 15 properties classified as held for sale.

Other Information

We have our principal executive offices at 1001 Louisiana Street, Suite 2900, Houston, Texas 77002. Our telephone number is (713) 654-2200. We also have a website at http://www.superiorenergy.com.

Our Shared Core Values at Work (Code of Conduct) applies to all of our directors, officers and employees. This Code of Conduct is publicly available on the Corporate Governance page in the About Us section of our website at http://www.superiorenergy.com. Any waivers granted to directors or executive officers and any material amendment to our Code of Conduct will be posted promptly on our website and/or disclosed in a current report on Form 8-K.

Copies of the annual, quarterly and current reports we file with or furnish to the SEC, and any amendments to those reports, as well as our Code of Conduct, are available on our website free of charge soon after such reports are filed with or furnished to the SEC. The information posted on our website is not incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Alternatively, you may access these reports at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov/.

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

The following information should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” contained in Part II, Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and the matters contained under the caption “Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The following discussion of “risk factors” identifies the most significant risks or uncertainties that could (i) materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, liquidity or prospects, as well as the market value of our securities, or (ii) cause our actual results to differ materially from our anticipated results or other expectations. These risks are not the only risks that we face. Our business operations could also be affected by additional factors that apply to all companies operating in the U.S. and globally, as well as other risks that are not presently known to us or that we currently consider to be immaterial to our operations. These risks include:

Risks Related to the Chapter 11 Cases

Despite having emerged from bankruptcy on February 2, 2021, we continue to be subject to the risks and uncertainties associated with residual Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings.

As discussed below (see Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations), we emerged from bankruptcy on the Emergence Date. It is possible that having filed for bankruptcy and our recent emergence from the bankruptcy could adversely affect our business and relationships with customers, vendors, employees, service providers and suppliers. Due to uncertainties, many risks exist, including the following:

Because of the residual risks and uncertainties associated with the Chapter 11 Cases, the ultimate impact that events that occurred during, or that may occur subsequent to, these proceedings will have on our business, financial condition and results of operations cannot be accurately predicted or quantified. We cannot assure you that having been subject to bankruptcy protection will not adversely affect our operations going forward.

Our actual financial results since we emerged from bankruptcy are not comparable to the Predecessor's historical financial information as a result of the implementation of the Plan and the transactions contemplated thereby and our adoption of fresh start accounting.

In connection with the disclosure statement filed with the Bankruptcy Court, and the hearing to consider confirmation of the Plan, projected financial information through the end of 2023 was prepared to demonstrate to the Bankruptcy Court the feasibility of the Plan and our ability to continue operations upon emergence from bankruptcy. Those projections were prepared solely for the purpose of the bankruptcy proceedings and have not been, and will not be, updated on an ongoing basis and should not be relied upon by investors. At the time they were prepared, the projections reflected numerous assumptions concerning anticipated future performance with respect to prevailing and anticipated market and economic conditions that were and remain beyond our control and that may not materialize. Projections are inherently subject to substantial and numerous uncertainties and to a wide variety of significant business, economic and competitive risks and the assumptions underlying the projections and/or valuation estimates may prove to be wrong in material respects. Actual results will likely vary significantly from those contemplated by the projections. The failure of any such results, or any other developments contemplated by the Plan, to materialize, or of any such results or developments to have the anticipated effect on us and our subsidiaries or our business or operations, could materially adversely impact our business and prospects as a post-emergence company.

In addition, as a result of our emergence from bankruptcy, we adopted fresh start accounting and adjusted our assets and liabilities to fair values and our accumulated deficit was restated to zero and reflected in our financial statements for the quarter ending March 31,

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2021. We became a new entity for financial reporting purposes on February 2, 2021 (the “Emergence Date”). Accordingly, our financial condition and results of operations following our emergence from bankruptcy are not comparable to the financial condition and results of operations reflected in historical financial statements.

Risks Related to Our Business

Our business depends on conditions in the oil and gas industry, especially oil and natural gas prices and capital expenditures by oil and gas companies.

Our business depends on the level of oil and natural gas exploration, development and production activity of, and the corresponding capital spending by, oil and gas companies worldwide. The level of exploration, development and production activity is directly affected by trends in oil and natural gas prices, which historically have been volatile and difficult to predict and are likely to continue to be volatile. Oil and natural gas prices are subject to large fluctuations in response to relatively minor changes in supply and demand, economic growth trends, market uncertainty and a variety of other factors beyond our control. Price volatility continued throughout 2019 and, partially due to the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic and failure of OPEC+ and other major producers to agree on production cuts, became more extreme in 2020 and 2021. In addition, oil prices are particularly sensitive to actual and perceived threats to global political stability and to changes in production from OPEC+ member states. The ongoing conflict, and the continuation of, or any increase in, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, has led and may continue to lead to an increase in the volatility of global oil and gas prices, which could have a corresponding negative impact on the capital expenditure of oil and gas companies as a result of the higher perceived risk. In addition, the imposition of comprehensive sanctions against Russia (including in relation to the Russian energy sector) as well as the announcement of prohibitions on Russian oil and gas imports by certain members of the European Union, the United Kingdom, the United States, and certain other countries, as of March 2022, including additional countries that may enforce prohibitions of a similar nature in the future, has led to and is expected to continue to lead to an increase in the price of global oil and gas prices. Lower oil and natural gas prices generally lead to decreased spending by our customers, while higher oil and natural gas prices generally lead to increased spending up to a point. Our customers may also take into account the volatility of oil and natural gasprices and other risk factors and require higher returns for individual projects if there is higher perceived risk. Any of these factors could significantly affect the demand for oil and natural gas, which could affect the level of capital spending by our customers and in turn could have a material effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flow.

The availability of quality drilling prospects, exploration success, relative production costs, expectations about future oil and natural gas demand and prices, the stage of reservoir development, the availability of financing, and political and regulatory environments are also expected to affect levels of exploration, development, and production activity, which would impact the demand for our services. Any prolonged reduction of oil and natural gas prices, as well as anticipated declines, could also result in lower levels of exploration, development, and production activity.

The demand for our services may be affected by numerous factors, including the following:

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The oil and gas industry has historically experienced periodic downturns, which have been characterized by significantly reduced demand for oilfield services and downward pressure on the prices we charge. Sustained lower oil and natural gas prices have led to a significant decrease in spending by our customers over the past several years, which have led to significantly decreased revenues. Further decreases in oil and natural gas prices could lead to further cuts in spending and potential lower revenues for us. Moreover, weakness in the oil and gas industry may adversely impact the financial position of our customers, which in turn could cause them to fail to pay amounts owed to us in a timely manner or at all. We expect continued volatility in both crude oil and natural gas prices (including the possibilities that such prices could remain at current levels or decline further for an extended period of time), as well as in the level of drilling and production related activities as a result of the continuing COVID-19 pandemic, decisions of OPEC+ and other oil exporting nations regarding production, and the other factors listed above. Any of these events have affected, and could further affect, the demand for oil and natural gas and has and could further have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flow.

Our business may also be affected by new sanctions and export controls targeting Russia and other responses to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

As a result of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, certain members of the European Union, the United Kingdom and the United States, among others, have developed coordinated sanctions and export-control measure packages.

Based on actions taken and other public statements to date, these packages may include:

As the invasion of Ukraine continues, there can be no certainty regarding whether such governments or other governments will impose additional sanctions, export-controls or other economic or military measures against Russia. Although, we have minimal operational exposure in Russia, representing less than $0.2 million of our revenues for the year ended December 31, 2021, and we do not intend to commit further capital towards projects in Russia, the impact the invasion of Ukraine, including economic sanctions and export controls or additional war or military conflict, as well as potential responses to them by Russia, is currently unknown and they could adversely affect oil and gas companies, including many of which are our customers, as well as the global supply chain. In addition, the continuation of the invasion of Ukraine by Russia could lead to other disruptions, instability and volatility in global markets and industries, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flow.

Our long-term liquidity requirements and the adequacy of our capital resources are difficult to predict at this time.

We face uncertainty regarding the adequacy of our liquidity and capital resources and have extremely limited, if any, access to additional financing. We cannot assure you that cash on hand, letters of credit under the Credit Facility, and cash flow from operations will be sufficient to continue to fund our operations.

Furthermore, turmoil in the credit and financial markets could adversely affect financial institutions, inhibit lending and limit our access to funding through borrowings under the Credit Facility or obtaining other financing in the public or private capital markets on terms we believe to be reasonable. Prevailing market conditions could be adversely affected by the ongoing disruptions in domestic or overseas sovereign or corporate debt markets, low commodity prices or other factors impacting our business, contractions or limited growth in the economy or other similar adverse economic developments in the U.S. or abroad. Instability in the global financial markets has from time to time resulted in periodic volatility in the capital markets. In addition, there has been a relatively recent increased focus of debt and equity capital providers on environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) investing, and the energy industry faces growing negative sentiment in the market. This volatility, as well as this increased focus on ESG investing and growing negative sentiment, could limit our access to the credit markets, leading to higher borrowing costs or, in some cases, the inability to obtain financing on terms that are

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acceptable to us, or at all. Any such failure to obtain additional financing could jeopardize our ability to repay, refinance or reduce our debt obligations, or to meet our other financial commitments.

Restrictive covenants in the Credit Facility could limit our growth and our ability to finance our operations, fund our capital needs, respond to changing conditions and engage in other business activities that may be in our best interests.

The Credit Facility imposes operating and financial restrictions. Unless all loans are paid off and letters of credit outstanding are cash collateralized and the Credit Agreement terminated, these restrictions limit the ability to, among other things, subject to permitted exceptions:

The restrictions contained in the Credit Facility could:

The Credit Facility includes provisions that require mandatory prepayment of outstanding borrowings and/or a borrowing base redetermination when there are asset dispositions over a certain threshold, which could limit the ability to generate liquidity from asset sales. Also, the Credit Facility requires compliance with a specified financial ratio if triggered by an event of default or availability beneath specified thresholds. The ability to comply with this ratio may be affected by events beyond our control and, as a result, this ratio may not be met in circumstances when it is tested. This financial ratio restriction could limit the ability to obtain future financings, make needed capital expenditures, withstand a continued downturn in our business or a downturn in the economy in general or otherwise conduct necessary corporate activities. Declines in oil and natural gas prices could result in failure to meet one or more of the financial covenants under the Credit Facility, which could require refinancing or amendment of such obligations resulting in the payment of consent fees or higher interest rates, or require a capital raise at an inopportune time or on terms not favorable.

A breach of any of these covenants or the inability to comply with the required financial ratios or financial condition tests could result in a default under the Credit Facility. A default under the Credit Facility, if not cured or waived, could result in acceleration of all indebtedness outstanding thereunder and/or a requirement to cash collateralize letters of credit issued thereunder.

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to adversely affect our business, and the ultimate effect on our operations and financial condition will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had, and continues to have, a material impact on businesses around the world and the economic environments in which they operate. A number of jurisdictions in which we operate have implemented severe restrictions on the movement of their respective populations. The COVID-19 pandemic and efforts to mitigate its effect have had a substantial negative impact on the global economy and demand for oil, which has directly affected our business and progress of the Transformation Project. Although oil prices are back to pre-pandemic levels, driven by global vaccine distribution, an unfolding demand recovery, OPEC+ agreement on production volume, and a declining production base, if the demand for or price of crude oil does not further increase, our business, financial condition, results of operation and liquidity may be further materially and adversely affected. Our operations also may be further adversely affected if significant portions of our workforce continue to be unable to work effectively due to illness, quarantines, government actions or other restrictions in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic.

In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic and certain related government mandated restrictions and limitations on business activities have caused disruptions and delays, which have strained certain domestic and international supply chains, and could continue to negatively affect the flow or availability of machinery, equipment, consumables, parts and vehicles. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we

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are currently experiencing and may continue to experience shortages and delays in the shipments of key machinery, parts and consumables from our suppliers. If any of the foregoing were to continue to occur, we may not be able to find alternative suppliers on commercially reasonable terms or a timely basis, if at all. Any prolonged or subsequent disruptions or delays in our equipment, consumables, parts and other machinery, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flow.

We believe that the well-known impacts described above and other potential impacts include, but are not limited to, the following:

At this time, it is not possible to quantify these risks, but the combination of these factors could have a further material impact on our financial results. The ultimate extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects our business, financial condition, results of operation and liquidity will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted. These future developments include, but are not limited to, vaccine availability and acceptance, the effectiveness of vaccines against different strains of COVID-19, the scope and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and actions taken by governmental authorities and other third parties in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Disruptions and/or uncertainties related to the COVID-19 pandemic for a sustained period of time could result in, and have resulted to date in, delays or modifications to our strategic plans and initiatives and could hinder our ability to achieve our strategic goals. The COVID-19 pandemic, and the volatile regional and global economic conditions stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic, will likely have the effect of heightening many of the other risks included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. However, because the COVID-19 pandemic is unprecedented and continuously evolving, the other potential impacts to our risk factors are uncertain.

There are operating hazards inherent in the oil and gas industry that could expose us to substantial liabilities.

Our operations are subject to hazards inherent in the oil and gas industry that may lead to property damage, personal injury, death or the discharge of hazardous materials into the environment. Many of these events are outside of our control. Typically, we provide products and services at a well site where our personnel and equipment are located together with personnel and equipment of our customer and other service providers. From time to time, personnel are injured or equipment or property is damaged or destroyed as a result of accidents, failed equipment, faulty products or services, failure of safety measures, uncontained formation pressures or other dangers inherent in oil and natural gas exploration, development and production. Any of these events can be the result of human error or purely accidental, and it may be difficult or impossible to definitively determine the ultimate cause of the event or whose personnel or equipment contributed thereto. All of these risks expose us to a wide range of significant health, safety and environmental risks and potentially substantial litigation claims for damages. With increasing frequency, our products and services are deployed in more challenging exploration, development and production locations. From time to time, customers and third parties may seek to hold us accountable for damages and costs incurred as a result of an accident, including pollution, even under circumstances where we believe we did not cause or contribute to the accident. Our insurance policies are subject to exclusions, limitations and other conditions, and may not protect us against liability for some types of events, including events involving a well blowout, or against losses from business interruption. Our insurance also may not cover losses associated with pandemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, we may not be able to maintain insurance at levels of risk coverage or policy limits that we deem adequate or on terms that we deem commercially reasonable,

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or at all. Any damages or losses that are not covered by insurance, or are in excess of policy limits or subject to substantial deductibles or retentions, could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

We may not be fully indemnified against losses incurred due to catastrophic events.

As is customary in our industry, our contracts generally provide that we will indemnify and hold harmless our customers from any claims arising from personal injury or death of our employees, damage to or loss of our equipment, and pollution emanating from our equipment and services. Similarly, our customers generally agree to indemnify and hold us harmless from any claims arising from personal injury or death of their employees, damage to or loss of their equipment or property, and pollution caused from their equipment or the well reservoir (including uncontained oil flow from a reservoir). Our indemnification arrangements may not protect us in every case. For example, from time to time we may enter into contracts with less favorable indemnities or perform work without a contract that protects us. In addition, our indemnification rights may not fully protect us if we cannot prove that we are entitled to be indemnified or if the customer is bankrupt or insolvent, does not maintain adequate insurance or otherwise does not possess sufficient resources to indemnify us. In addition, our indemnification rights may be held unenforceable in some jurisdictions.

Our customers’ changing views on risk allocation could cause us to accept greater risk to win new business or could result in us losing business if we are not prepared to take such risks. To the extent that we accept such additional risk, and insure against it, our insurance premiums could rise.

The credit risks of our customer base could result in losses.

Many of our customers are oil and gas companies that are facing liquidity constraints in light of the current commodity price environment. These customers impact our overall exposure to credit risk as they are also affected by prolonged changes in economic and industry conditions. If a significant number of our customers experience a prolonged business decline or disruptions, we may incur increased exposure to credit risk and bad debts.

We are subject to environmental and worker health and safety laws and regulations, which could reduce our business opportunities and revenue, and increase our costs and liabilities.

Our business is significantly affected by a wide range of environmental and worker health and safety laws and regulations in the areas in which we operate, including increasingly rigorous environmental laws and regulations governing air emissions, water discharges and waste management. Generally, these laws and regulations have become more stringent and have sought to impose greater liability on a larger number of potentially responsible parties. The Macondo well explosion in 2010 resulted in additional regulation of our offshore operations, and similar onshore or offshore accidents in the future could result in additional increases in regulation. Failure to comply with these laws and regulations may result in a variety of administrative, civil and criminal enforcement measures, including the assessment of monetary penalties, imposition of remedial requirements and issuance of injunctions as to future compliance.

Environmental laws and regulations may provide for “strict liability” for remediation costs, damages to natural resources or threats to public health and safety as a result of our conduct that was lawful at the time it occurred or the conduct of, or conditions caused by, prior owners or operators or other third parties. Strict liability can render a party liable for damages without regard to negligence or fault on the part of the party. Some environmental laws provide for joint and several strict liability for remediation of spills and releases of hazardous substances. For example, our well service and fluids businesses routinely involve the handling of significant amounts of waste materials, some of which are classified as hazardous substances. We also store, transport and use radioactive and explosive materials in certain of our operations. In addition, many of our current and former facilities are, or have been, used for industrial purposes. Accordingly, we could become subject to material liabilities relating to the containment and disposal of hazardous substances, oilfield waste and other waste materials, the use of radioactive materials, the use of underground injection wells, and to claims alleging personal injury or property damage as the result of exposures to, or releases of, hazardous substances. In addition, stricter enforcement of existing laws and regulations, new domestic or foreign laws and regulations, the discovery of previously unknown contamination or the imposition of new or increased requirements could require us to incur costs or become the basis of new or increased liabilities that could reduce our earnings and our cash available for operations.

In addition, we and our customers may need to apply for or amend facility permits or licenses from time to time with respect to storm water or wastewater discharges, waste handling, or air emissions relating to manufacturing activities or equipment operations, which subjects us and our customers to new or revised permitting conditions that may be onerous or costly to comply with.

Climate change legislation or regulations restricting emissions of greenhouse gases could result in increased operating costs and reduced demand for the oil and natural gas our customers produce.

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Increasing concerns that emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and other greenhouse gases (“GHGs”) may endanger public health and produce climate changes with significant physical effects, such as increased frequency and severity of storms, floods, droughts and other climatic events, have drawn significant attention from government agencies, environmental advocacy groups and technological initiatives aimed at reducing the use of hydrocarbons. In response, additional costly requirements and restrictions have been imposed on the oil and gas industry to regulate and reduce the emission of GHGs and transition to a global low carbon economy.

Specifically, the EPA has adopted regulations under existing provisions of the federal Clean Air Act which increase operational costs by requiring the monitoring and annual reporting of GHG emissions from oil and gas production, processing, transmission and storage facilities in the United States. Although the U.S. Congress has considered legislation to reduce emissions of GHGs, significant legislation has not yet been adopted to reduce GHG emissions at the federal level. In the absence of such federal climate legislation, a number of state and regional efforts have emerged that are aimed at tracking and/or reducing GHG emissions through the completion of GHG emissions inventories and through cap and trade programs that typically require major sources of GHG emissions to acquire and surrender emission allowances in return for emitting GHGs. Other non-U.S. governmental bodies such as the European Union have implemented similar policies aimed at reducing GHG emissions, including but not limited to carbon taxes, cap and trade programs, renewable fuel mandates, or other regulations targeting carbon intensive activities. Given the long-term trend towards increasing regulation, future federal and international GHG regulations of the oil and gas industry remain a possibility.

Climate change, environmental, social and governance, and sustainability are growing global movements. Continuing political and social attention to these issues has resulted in both existing and pending international agreements and national, regional or local legislation and regulatory measures, as well as society pressure in some areas, to limit GHG emissions and has been stated in the U.S. to be a priority of the new Biden Administration, as well as other initiatives. In December 2015, the United States joined the international community at the 21st Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Paris, France that proposed an agreement (the “Paris Agreement”) requiring member countries to review and “represent a progression” in their intended nationally determined contributions, which set GHG emission reduction goals every five years beginning in 2020. This agreement was signed by the United States in April 2016 and entered into force in November 2016. The United States is one of over 120 nations having ratified or otherwise consented to the agreement; however this agreement does not create any binding obligations for nations to limit their GHG emissions, but rather includes pledges to voluntarily limit or reduce future emissions. Although the prior administration formally withdrew the United States from the Paris Agreement effective November 4, 2020, the new administration issued an executive order to rejoin the Paris climate agreement on January 20, 2021, effective on February 19, 2021.

In addition to governmental regulations, our customers are also requiring additional equipment upgrades to address the growing concerns of GHG emission and climate change which result in higher operational costs for service providers such as us. Despite taking additional measures to reduce GHG emissions, there is the possibility that the demand for fossil fuels may nevertheless decrease due to such concerns.

Furthermore, there have also been efforts in recent years aimed at the investment community, including investment advisors, sovereign wealth funds, public pension funds, universities and other groups, promoting the divestment of fossil fuel equities as well as to pressure lenders and other financial services companies to limit or curtail activities with companies engaged in the extraction of fossil fuel reserves. If these efforts are successful, our ability and the ability of our customers to access capital markets may be limited.

At this stage, we cannot predict the impact of these or other initiatives on our or our customers’ operations, nor can we predict whether, or which of, other currently pending GHG emission proposals will be adopted, or what other actions may be taken by domestic or international regulatory bodies. The potential passage of climate change regulation may curtail production and demand for fossil fuels such as oil and gas in areas of the world where our customers operate and thus adversely affect future demand for our products and services, which may in turn adversely affect future results of operations.

Adverse and unusual weather conditions may affect our operations.

Our operations may be materially affected by severe weather conditions in areas where we operate. Severe weather, such as hurricanes, high winds and seas, blizzards and extreme temperatures may cause evacuation of personnel, curtailment of services and suspension of operations, inability to deliver materials to jobsites in accordance with contract schedules, loss of or damage to equipment and facilities and reduced productivity. In addition, variations from normal weather patterns can have a significant impact on demand for oil and natural gas, thereby reducing demand for our services and equipment.

Our inability to retain key employees and skilled workers could adversely affect our operations.

Our performance could be adversely affected, especially in light of our emergence from bankruptcy, if we are unable to retain certain key employees and skilled technical personnel. Our ability to continue to expand the scope of our services and products depends in part

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on our ability to increase the size of our skilled labor force. The loss of the services of one or more of our key employees or the inability to employ or retain skilled technical personnel could adversely affect our operating results. In the past, the demand for skilled personnel has been high and the supply limited. We may also face a loss of workers and labor shortages as a result of vaccine mandates or requirements and enforcement of other COVID-19 regulations in jurisdictions where we operate. We have experienced increases in labor costs in recent years and may continue to do so in the future. Furthermore, these internal and external factors may also be impacted by our recent emergence from bankruptcy, the uncertainties currently facing us and the business environment and changes we may make to the organizational structure to adjust to changing circumstances.

We face significant competition in attracting and retaining talented employees. Further, managing succession for, and retention of, key executives is critical to our success, and our failure to do so could adversely affect our future performance.

Our ability to attract and retain qualified and experienced employees is essential to meet our current and future goals and objectives. There is no guarantee we will be able to attract and retain such employees or that competition among potential employers will not result in increased salaries or other benefits. If we are unable to retain existing employees or attract additional employees, we could experience a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. We may not be able to locate or employ on acceptable terms qualified replacements for key executives if their services are no longer available. Furthermore, our business could be affected adversely if suitable replacement personnel are not recruited quickly or effectively. Our failure to adequately plan for succession of senior management and other key management roles or the failure of key employees to successfully transition into new roles could have a material adverse effect on our businesses and results of operations.

Our international operations and revenue are affected by political, economic and other uncertainties worldwide.

Our international operations are subject to varying degrees of regulation in each of the foreign jurisdictions in which we provide services. Local laws and regulations, and their interpretation and enforcement, differ significantly among those jurisdictions, and can change significantly over time. Future regulatory, judicial and legislative changes or interpretations may have a material adverse effect on our ability to deliver services within various foreign jurisdictions.

In addition to these international regulatory risks, our international operations are subject to a number of other risks inherent in any business operating in foreign countries, including, but not limited to, the following:

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These and the other risks outlined above could cause us to curtail or terminate operations, result in the loss of personnel or assets, disrupt financial and commercial markets and generate greater political and economic instability in some of the geographic areas in which we operate. International areas where we operate that have significant risk include the Middle East, Indonesia, Nigeria and Angola.

Laws, regulations or practices in foreign countries could materially restrict our operations or expose us to additional risks.

In many countries around the world where we do business, all or a significant portion of the decision making regarding procuring our services and products is controlled by state-owned oil companies. State-owned oil companies or prevailing laws may (i) require us to meet local content or hiring requirements or other local standards, (ii) restrict with whom we can contract or (iii) otherwise limit the scope of operations that we can legally or practically conduct. Our inability or failure to meet these requirements, standards or restrictions may adversely impact our operations in those countries. In addition, our ability to work with state-owned oil companies is subject to our ability to negotiate and agree upon acceptable contract terms, and to enforce those terms. In addition, many state-owned oil companies may require integrated contracts or turnkey contracts that could require us to provide services outside our core businesses. Providing services on an integrated or turnkey basis generally requires us to assume additional risks.

Moreover, in order to effectively compete in certain foreign jurisdictions, it is frequently necessary or required to establish joint ventures or strategic alliances with local contractors, partners or agents. In certain instances, these local contractors, partners or agents may have interests that are not always aligned with ours. Reliance on local contractors, partners or agents could expose us to the risk of being unable to control the scope or quality of our overseas services or products, or being held liable under the FCPA, or other anti-corruption laws for actions taken by our strategic or local contractors, partners or agents even though these contractors, partners or agents may not themselves be subject to the FCPA or other applicable anti-corruption laws. Any determination that we have violated the FCPA or other anti-corruption laws could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, reputation or prospects.

If we are not able to design, develop, and produce commercially competitive products and to implement commercially competitive services in a timely manner in response to changes in the market, customer requirements, competitive pressures, and technology trends, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

The market for oilfield services in which we operate is highly competitive and includes numerous small companies capable of competing effectively in our markets on a local basis, as well as several large companies that possess substantially greater financial resources than we do. Contracts are traditionally awarded on the basis of competitive bids or direct negotiations with customers.

The market for our services and products is characterized by continual technological developments to provide better and more reliable performance and services. If we are not able to design, develop, and produce commercially competitive products and to implement commercially competitive services in a timely manner in response to changes in the market, customer requirements, competitive pressures, and technology trends, our business and consolidated results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Likewise, if our proprietary technologies, equipment, facilities, or work processes become obsolete, we may no longer be competitive, and our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. In addition, we may be disadvantaged competitively and financially by a significant movement of exploration and production operations to areas of the world in which we are not currently active.

We depend on particular suppliers and are vulnerable to product shortages and price increases.

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Some of the materials that we use are obtained from a limited group of suppliers. Our reliance on these suppliers involves several risks, including price increases, supply chain disruptions, inferior quality and a potential inability to obtain an adequate supply in a timely manner. We do not have long-term contracts with most of these sources, and the partial or complete loss of certain of these sources could have a negative impact on our results of operations and could damage our customer relationships. Further, a significant increase in the price of one or more of these materials could have a negative impact on our results of operations.

Estimates of our potential liabilities relating to our oil and natural gas property may be incorrect.

Actual abandonment expenses may vary substantially from those estimated by us and any significant variance in these assumptions could materially affect the estimated liability recorded in our consolidated financial statements. Therefore, the risk exists we may underestimate the cost of plugging wells and abandoning production facilities. If costs of abandonment are materially greater than our estimates, this could have an adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

Potential changes of Bureau of Ocean Energy Management security and bonding requirements for offshore platforms could impact our operating cash flows and results of operations.

Federal oil and natural gas leases contain standard terms and require compliance with detailed Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (“BSEE”) and BOEM regulations and orders issued pursuant to various federal laws, including the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act. In 2016, BOEM undertook a review of its historical policies and procedures for determining a lessee’s ability to decommission platforms on the Outer Continental Shelf (“OCS”) and whether lessees should furnish additional security, and in July 2016, BOEM issued a new Notice to Lessees requiring additional security for decommissioning activities. In January 2017, BOEM extended the implementation timeline for properties with co-lessees by an additional six months, and in June 2017 announced that the Notice to Lessees would be stayed while BOEM continued to review its implementation issues and continued industry engagement to gather additional information on the financial assurance program.

During the second half of 2016, BSEE increased its estimates of many offshore operator’s decommissioning costs, including the decommissioning costs at our sole federal offshore oil and gas property, in which our subsidiary owns a 51% non-operating interest. In October 2016, BOEM sent an initial proposal letter to the operator of the oil and gas property, proposing an increase in the supplemental bonding requirement for the property’s sole fixed platform that was eight to ten times higher than the revised supplemental bonding requirement requested for any other deep-water fixed platform in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico. Both the operator and our subsidiary submitted formal dispute notices, asserting that the estimates in the October 2016 proposal letter may be based on erroneous or arbitrary estimates of the potential decommissioning costs, and requesting in-person meetings to discuss the estimate. We asked that BSEE and BOEM reduce the estimate to an amount that more closely approximates actual decommissioning costs, consistent with estimates identified by BSEE and BOEM for similar deep-water platforms. BSEE and BOEM have not yet responded to our dispute notice.

On September 17, 2020, BOEM issued a proposed rule addressing OCS oil and gas decommissioning costs (BOEM-2018-0033). The proposed rule contains updated criteria for determining decommissioning costs. Under the proposed rule, BOEM would only require additional security when (1) a lessee or grant holder poses a substantial risk of becoming financially unable to meet its obligations; (2) there is no co-lessee, co-grant holder or predecessor that is liable for those obligations with sufficient financial capacity; and (3) the property is at or near the end of its productive life. BSEE would typically issue orders to predecessors in title in a reverse chronological order. The proposed rule would also require that a party appealing any final decommissioning decision or order provide a surety bond to ensure that funding for decommissioning is available if the order is affirmed and the liable party then defaults. Based on the proposed framework, BOEM estimates its amount of financial assurance would decrease from $3.3 billion to $3.1 billion, although BOEM expects the rule would provide greater protection as the financial assurance would be focused on the riskiest properties.

We cannot predict when these laws and regulations may be adopted or change in the future, particularly as a result of the U.S. presidential administration changing in January 2021. If BOEM withdraws the September 2020 rule proposal and proceeds to implement a rule or other regulatory action requiring additional security similar to the Notice to Lessees issued in July 2016 and we are unable to obtain the additional required bonds or post other acceptable security to secure of decommissioning obligations, BOEM may suspend or cancel operations at the oil and gas property or otherwise impose monetary penalties. Any of these actions could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, operating cash flows and liquidity.

Moreover, under existing BOEM and BSEE rules relating to assignment of offshore leases and other legal interests on the OCS, assignors of such interests may be held jointly and severally liable for decommissioning of OCS facilities existing at the time the assignment was approved by BOEM, in the event that the assignee or any subsequent assignee is unable or unwilling to conduct required decommissioning.

Risks Related to Our Class A Common Stock

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There may be circumstances in which the interests of our significant stockholders could conflict with the interests of our other stockholders.

On the Emergence Date, in order to implement certain transactions contemplated by the Plan, the Stockholders Agreement was executed with each stockholder pursuant to the Plan (constituting all of the stockholders on the Emergence Date) and all other stockholders from time to time, to provide for certain of our governance matters. Two groups of these stockholders currently hold approximately 50.5% of our Class A Common Stock. Furthermore, pursuant to the Stockholders Agreement, these two groups of stockholders have appointed three of our six directors.

Circumstances may arise in which these groups of stockholders may have an interest in pursuing or preventing acquisitions, divestitures or other transactions, including the issuance of additional shares or debt, that, in their judgment, could enhance their investment in us, and their interests may not in all cases be aligned with our interests.

There is no public market for shares of our Class A Common Stock, and we do not expect there to be a market for shares of our Class A Common Stock.

There is no existing trading market for shares of our Class A Common Stock, and no market for our shares may develop in the future. If developed, any such market may not be sustained. In the absence of a trading market, our stockholders may be unable to liquidate an investment in our Class A Common Stock. Upon our emergence from bankruptcy, the Predecessor’s common stock was canceled and we issued new Class A Common Stock. The Class A Common Stock is not currently traded on a national securities exchange. There is no active market in the Class A Common Stock. No assurance can be given that an active market will develop for our Class A Common Stock or as to the liquidity of the trading market for our Class A Common Stock. Our Class A Common Stock may be traded only infrequently, if at all, and reliable market quotations may not be available. Holders of our Class A Common Stock may experience difficulty in reselling, or an inability to sell, their shares. In addition, if an active trading market does not develop or is not maintained, significant sales of our Class A Common Stock, or the expectation of these sales, could materially and adversely affect the market price of our Class A Common Stock. For so long as our Class A Common Stock is not listed on a national securities exchange, our ability to access equity markets, obtain financing and provide equity incentives could be negatively impaired. Furthermore, certain transfers of our Class A Common Stock require an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws.

Provisions in the Stockholders Agreement could delay or prevent a change in control.

Certain provisions of our Stockholders Agreement may delay, discourage, prevent or render more difficult an attempt to obtain control of us, whether through a tender offer, business combination, proxy contest or otherwise. These provisions include, among other things, those that:

We do not intend to pay dividends on our Class A Common Stock and our ability to pay dividends on our common stock is restricted.

We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings to finance our operations. As a result, we do not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends on our Class A Common Stock in the foreseeable future. Any decision to declare and pay dividends in the future will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on, among other things, our business prospects, results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements and availability, industry trends and other factors that our Board of Directors may deem relevant. Any such decision will also be subject to compliance with contractual restrictions and covenants in the agreements governing our current and future indebtedness.

We do not have a class of our securities registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act. Until we do, we will not be required to provide certain reports to our stockholders.

We do not have a class of our securities registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Until we do, we will not be required to provide certain reports to our stockholders. We are currently required to file periodic reports with the SEC by virtue of Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. However, until we register a class of our securities under Section 12 of the Exchange Act, we are not subject to the SEC’s proxy rules, and large holders of our capital stock will not be subject to beneficial

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ownership reporting requirements under Sections 13 or 16 of the Exchange Act and their related rules. As a result, our stockholders and potential investors may not have available to them as much or as robust information as they may have if and when we become subject to those requirements.

General Risk Factors

From time to time, we are subject to various claims, litigation and other proceedings that could ultimately be resolved against us, requiring material future cash payments or charges, which could impair our financial condition or results of operations.

The size, nature and complexity of our business make us susceptible to various claims, both in litigation and binding arbitration proceedings. We may in the future become subject to various claims, which, if not resolved within amounts we have accrued, could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In addition, during periods of depressed market conditions we may be subject to an increased risk of our customers, vendors, former employees and others initiating legal proceedings against us.

Any litigation or claims, even if fully indemnified or insured, could negatively impact our reputation among our customers and the public, and make it more difficult for us to compete effectively or obtain adequate insurance in the future.

Changes in tax laws or tax rates, adverse positions taken by taxing authorities and tax audits could impact our operating results.

We are subject to the jurisdiction of a significant number of domestic and foreign taxing authorities. Changes in tax laws or tax rates, the resolution of tax assessments or audits by various tax authorities could impact our operating results. In addition, we may periodically restructure our legal entity organization. If taxing authorities were to disagree with our tax positions in connection with any such restructurings, our effective income tax rate could be impacted. The final determination of our income tax liabilities involves the interpretation of local tax laws, tax treaties and related authorities in each taxing jurisdiction, as well as the significant use of estimates and assumptions regarding future operations and results and the timing of income and expenses. We may be audited and receive tax assessments from taxing authorities that may result in assessment of additional taxes that are ultimately resolved with the authorities or through the courts. We believe these assessments may occasionally be based on erroneous and even arbitrary interpretations of local tax law. Resolution of any tax matter involves uncertainties and there are no assurances that the outcomes will be favorable. If U.S. or other foreign tax authorities change applicable tax laws, our overall taxes could increase, and our business, financial condition or results of operating may be adversely impacted.

We are affected by global economic factors and political events.

Our financial results depend on demand for our services and products in the U.S. and the international markets in which we operate. Declining economic conditions, negative perceptions about economic conditions, energy costs and supply chain disruptions, could result in a substantial decrease in demand for our services and products. World political events could also result in further U.S. military actions, terrorist attacks and related unrest. Military action by the U.S. or other nations could escalate and further acts of terrorism may occur in the U.S. or elsewhere. Such acts of terrorism could lead to, among other things, a loss of our investment in the country, impairment of the safety of our employees, extortion or kidnapping, and impairment of our ability to conduct our operations. Such developments have caused instability in the world’s financial and insurance markets in the past, and many experts believe that a confluence of worldwide factors could result in a prolonged period of economic uncertainty and slow growth in the future. In addition, any of these developments could lead to increased volatility in prices for oil and gas and could negatively affect the markets for our products and services. Insurance premiums could also increase and coverages may be unavailable.

Uncertain economic conditions and instability make it particularly difficult for us to forecast demand trends. The timing and extent of any changes to currently prevailing market conditions is uncertain and may affect demand for many of our services and products. Consequently, we may not be able to accurately predict future economic conditions or the effect of such conditions on demand for our services and products and our results of operations or financial condition.

Our operations may be subject to cyber-attacks that could have an adverse effect on our business operations.

Like most companies, we rely heavily on information technology networks and systems, including the Internet, to process, transmit and store electronic information, to manage or support a variety of our business operations, and to maintain various records, which may include information regarding our customers, employees or other third parties, and the integrity of these systems are essential for us to conduct our business and operations. We make significant efforts to maintain the security and integrity of these types of information and systems (and maintain contingency plans in the event of security breaches or system disruptions). However, we cannot provide assurance that our security efforts and measures will prevent security threats from materializing, unauthorized access to our systems,

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loss or destruction of data, account takeovers, or other forms of cyber-attacks or similar events, whether caused by mechanical failures, human error, fraud, malice, sabotage or otherwise. We have office employees who work remotely. Remote work relies heavily on the use of remote networking and online conferencing services that enable employees to work outside of our corporate infrastructure and, in some cases, use their own personal devices, which exposes us to additional cybersecurity risks, including unauthorized access to sensitive information as a result of increased remote access and other cybersecurity related incidents. Cyber-attacks include, but are not limited to, malicious software, attempts to gain unauthorized access to data, unauthorized release of confidential or otherwise protected information and corruption of data. It is possible that our business, financial and other systems could be compromised, which could go unnoticed for a prolonged period of time. While various procedures and controls are being utilized to mitigate exposure to such risk, there can be no assurance that the procedures and controls that we implement, or which we cause third party service providers to implement, will be sufficient to protect our systems, information or other property. Additionally, customers as well as other third parties upon whom we rely face similar cybersecurity threats, which could directly or indirectly impact our business and operations. The frequency, scope and sophistication of cyber-attacks continue to grow, which increases the possibility that our security measures will be unable to prevent our systems’ improper functioning or the improper disclosure of proprietary information. Any failure of our information or communication systems, whether caused by attacks, mechanical failures, natural disasters or otherwise, could interrupt our operations, damage our reputation, or subject us to claims, any of which could materially adversely affect us.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 2. Properties

Information on properties is contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are involved in various legal actions incidental to our business. However, based on current circumstances, we do not believe that the ultimate resolution of these proceedings, including any such proceedings described in the following two paragraphs hereof, after considering available defenses and any insurance coverage or indemnification rights, will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows. See the Notes to our consolidated financial statements included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for further information.

A subsidiary of ours is involved in legal proceedings with two former employees regarding the payment of royalties for a patentable product paid for by the subsidiary and developed while they worked for the subsidiary. On April 2, 2018, the former employees and their corporation filed a lawsuit (the “First Case”) in the Harris County District Court (the “District Court”) alleging that the royalty payments they had invoiced at 25% and for which they received payments since 2010, should have been paid at a rate of 50%. In May 2019, the jury issued a verdict in favor of the plaintiffs. On October 25, 2019, the court issued a final judgment against us, which we have fully secured with a bond. Oral arguments in front of the Court of Appeals are scheduled for April 2022. We strongly disagree with the verdict and believe the District Court committed several legal errors that should result in a reversal or remand of the case by the Court of Appeals.

A second case (the “Second Case”) was filed in District Court against the same subsidiary of ours bringing the same claims and seeking damages post judgment from the First Case until discontinuation of the sale of the product at issue by the subsidiary. In December 2020, the Court entered a final judgement for the Plaintiffs’ and the Second Case was stayed for the duration of our bankruptcy. We have filed an appeal and a Motion to Abate the Second Case pending the appeal of the First Case. The Motion to Abate the Second Case was granted on October 26, 2021 by the Court of Appeals. As of December 31, 2021, we have reserved $7.0 million for the judgements in the First Case and Second Case.

For the disclosure of environmental proceedings with a governmental entity as a party pursuant to Item 103(c)(3)(iii) of Regulation S-K, we have elected to disclose matters where we reasonably believe such proceeding would result in monetary sanctions, exclusive of interest and costs, of $1.0 million or more.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

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PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Our common equity consists of common stock that is privately held and there is no established public trading market. As of March 4, 2022, there were 622 stockholders of record for our Class A common stock and six stockholders of record for our Class B common stock.

As part of the transactions undertaken pursuant to the Plan, the record holders of certain of the 7.125% Notes and the 7.750% Notes contributed all of their allowed claims described in the Plan in exchange for either (i) a cash payout to be entirely funded by the Equity Rights Offering, or (ii) shares of the Class A common stock.

By the Emergence Date, we had completed the Equity Rights Offering in accordance with the Plan, which resulted in the issuance of 735,189 shares of Class A common stock to certain Accredited Cash Opt-Out Noteholders (as defined in the Plan). The Class A common stock issued in the Equity Rights Offering was exempt from registration under the Securities Act pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and/or Regulation D promulgated thereunder.

On June 1, 2021, our Board of Directors (the “Board”) and the Compensation Committee of the Board (the “Compensation Committee”) approved and adopted our Management Incentive Plan, which provides for the grant of share-based and cash-based awards and, in connection therewith, the issuance from time to time of up to 1,999,869 shares of our Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share.

Dividend Policy

We may determine to pay a cash dividend on our Class A Common Stock in the future. Any decision to declare and pay dividends in the future will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on, among other things, our business prospects, results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements and availability, industry trends and other factors that our Board of Directors may deem relevant. Any such decision will also be subject to compliance with contractual restrictions and covenants in the agreements governing our current and future indebtedness.

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

Removed and reserved.

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and applicable notes to our consolidated financial statements and other information included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including “Risk Factors” disclosed in Part I, Item 1A. The following information contains forward-looking statements, which are subject to risks and uncertainties. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, our actual results may differ from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. See “Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

As used herein, “we,” “us”, “our” and similar terms refer to (i) prior to the Emergence Date (as defined below), SESI Holdings, Inc. (formerly known as Superior Energy Services, Inc.) (“Predecessor”) and its subsidiaries and (ii) after the Emergence Date, Superior Energy Services, Inc. (formerly known as Superior Newco, Inc.) and its subsidiaries (“Successor”). Additionally, as used herein, the following terms refer to our operations:

Executive Summary

General

We serve major, national and independent oil and natural gas exploration and production companies around the world and offer products and services with respect to the various phases of a well’s economic life cycle.

2021 was a transformative year at Superior. Following our emergence from bankruptcy, we embarked on a diligent effort to reconfigure our operations and organization to maximize shareholder value, enhance margin growth and have a more disciplined approach, both operationally and financially (the “Transformation Project”).

The Transformation Project has been focused around three sequential phases:

The evaluation and implementation of the Business Unit Review is substantially complete, which has resulted in lower revenue with increased margins. The Right Size Support and Geographic Focus components are ongoing and should be completed during 2022.

Historically, we provided a wide variety of services and products to many markets within the energy industry. During 2021, we realigned our core businesses to focus on products and services that we believe meet the criteria of (1) being critical to our customers’ oil and gas operations, (2) facing low or no competition from the three largest global oilfield service companies, (3) requiring deep technical expertise through the design or use of our product or service, and (4) being unlikely to become a commoditized product or service to our customers. The result of this approach is a portfolio of business lines grounded in our core mission of providing high quality products and services while maintaining the trust and serving the needs of our customers, with an emphasis on free cash flow generation and capital efficiency for us.

In connection with our Transformation Project, our reportable segments were changed to Rentals and Well Services.

Rentals Segment

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Well Services Segment

In addition to the specific product lines mentioned above, the Company operates a basket of services globally called International Production Services (included in the Well Services Segment). This business has value accretive operations particularly in Argentina and Kuwait. International Production Services is a key part of the “Geographic Focus” portion of our ongoing transformation efforts discussed above as we look to focus on geographies that allow us to maximize return on investments.

2021 Accomplishments and Transformation Initiatives

In 2021, we substantially completed the Business Unit Review segment of the transformation initiative. We believe this positions us to build on a simplified, post-transformation business model, which, through operational efficiencies and improving market conditions, is driving enhanced margins and returns. Additionally, we believe our strategy provides us with the opportunity to grow our most value-added businesses such as premium drill pipe and bottom hole drilling assembly rental businesses. We expect this, in turn, to reduce our dependency on an increasingly competitive oilfield labor, and higher risk company-owned transportation fleets.

We also narrowed our geographic focus to key countries the we believe are more favorable to US based companies. We will continue to align our global footprint with our strategy, staying streamlined, focused, and operating where customers most value our products, services and expertise.

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Throughout the significant transformation initiatives, we have remained focused on sustainability through the lens of Safety and Our Shared Core Values, with businesses continuing to execute our plan that puts worker safety, environmental stewardship and service quality as top priorities.

The core values of respect without discrimination and a commitment to being good citizens in communities where we live and work are part of our culture. This is most evident in how our employees show up for their colleagues in need. In 2021, the employee-led Catastrophic Relief Fund provided grants to employees who experienced property loss and damage due to the effects of winter storm Uri and Hurricane Ida. This resulted in at least 50 grants for employees totaling more than $120,000. We will continue to build on the trust and care we cultivate as part of our culture moving into the next phases of our transformation.

In response to an active dialog with customers, who are focused on ESG performance and accountability within their own supply chains, our strategic initiatives and divestitures support the goal of having a continually improving sustainability program. In 2021, the divestitures of our water hauling and storage business and land service rigs greatly reduced our truck and trailer fleet, reducing our overall carbon footprint.

Substantial transformation efforts in 2021 were focused on the divestitures and liquidation of our US onshore service operations and assets, including our fluid and well service businesses to consolidators. These businesses are labor intensive and we believe would have required significant capital investment to refurbish existing units and acquire new upgraded models in order to remain competitive.

The onshore segment of HB Rentals’ accommodations business and the Gulf of Mexico coil tubing business were both divested as going concerns. We completed the liquidation of hydraulic fracturing equipment, along with the US onshore coiled tubing equipment of IPS and the non-P&A wireline and slickline assets of Warrior’s Gulf of Mexico shelf operations. In total, the divestitures of non-core assets generated $98.3 million in cash and substantial go-forward G&A savings.

With these divestitures, our employees were an important consideration; most of our employees were retained by the acquirors.

Further strategic realignment within the remaining business units was critical to improving our operational efficiencies and increasing our margins. We believe we are realizing significant efficiencies by consolidating businesses that operated primarily in South Louisiana. For example, our HB Rentals, ISS, Stabil Drill, and Warrior businesses were merged into one division - Rental and Specialty. These businesses continue to operate under their existing brands, but now have common leadership and consolidated support services.

These tireless and continued efforts to execute on our transformation directives position us as a streamlined and healthy business with the ability to withstand industry cycles, focused on the operational excellence our businesses are known for throughout the world.

Strategic Outlook

As we embark on 2022 and look ahead to the future, we believe Superior is positioned as an attractive, value-added participant in the oilfield service sector, demonstrating operational excellence and generating cash flow through industry cycles. The companyemerged from bankruptcy without any debt, significant cash, and optionality to participate in accretive opportunities that may arise through further sector consolidation. In 2022, we expect capital expenditures to be invested primarily in our high-value product lines. While we have been more focused recently on organic growth and operational excellence, our significant and growing cash balance provides us with the opportunity to consider both complementary product lines building on our existing portfolio as well as returning capital to our shareholders in the form of dividends or stock repurchases.

Throughout the remainder of 2022 and into 2023, we will continue our focus on executing the final phases of the transformation strategies set forth in 2021, reducing our geographic footprint and streamlining our operational support function to align with the current size of our operations. Maintaining an opportunistic and disciplined approach to growth, along with consolidating and controlling costs within our portfolio of core product lines, will further our mission of providing high quality products, maintaining the trust of our customers, and creating value for our stakeholders.

Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11

On December 4, 2020, we and certain of our direct and indirect wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries (the “Affiliate Debtors”) entered into an Amended and Restated Restructuring Support Agreement (the “Amended RSA”) that amended and restated in its entirety the Restructuring Support Agreement (the “RSA”), dated September 29, 2020, with certain holders of SESI, L.L.C.’s (“SESI”) outstanding (i) 7.125% senior unsecured notes due 2021 (the “7.125% Notes”) and (ii) 7.750% senior unsecured notes due 2024 (the “7.750% Notes”). The parties to the Amended RSA agreed to the principal terms of a proposed financial restructuring of the Affiliate Debtors, which was implemented through the Plan (as defined below).

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On December 7, 2020, the Affiliate Debtors filed the Chapter 11 Cases under Chapter 11 of the Bankruptcy Code in the Bankruptcy Court, and, in connection therewith, the Affiliate Debtors filed with the Bankruptcy Court the proposed Joint Prepackaged Plan of Reorganization under the Bankruptcy Code (as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, the “Plan”). After commencement of the Chapter 11 Cases, the Affiliate Debtors continued to operate their businesses as “debtors-in-possession” under the jurisdiction of the Bankruptcy Court and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Bankruptcy Code and orders of the Bankruptcy Court.

In connection with the Chapter 11 Cases, the Affiliate Debtors filed a motion for approval of a debtor-in-possession financing facility, and on December 8, 2020, the Bankruptcy Court approved such motion and entered an interim order approving the financing (the “Interim DIP Order”). In accordance with the Interim DIP Order, on December 9, 2020, we, as guarantor and SESI, as borrower, entered into a $120 million Senior Secured Debtor-in-Possession Credit Agreement (the “DIP Credit Facility”). On January 9, 2021, the Bankruptcy Court approved the Affiliate Debtors’ entry into the DIP Credit Facility on a final basis.

On January 19, 2021, the Bankruptcy Court entered an order, Docket No. 289, confirming and approving the Plan.

Emergence from Voluntary Reorganization Under Chapter 11

On February 2, 2021 (the “Emergence Date”), the conditions to effectiveness of the Plan were satisfied or waived and we emerged from Chapter 11.

Bankruptcy Claims

During the Chapter 11 Cases, the Affiliate Debtors filed with the Bankruptcy Court schedules and statements setting forth, among other things, the assets and liabilities of each of the Affiliate Debtors, subject to the assumptions filed in connection therewith. Certain holders of pre-petition claims that were not governmental units were required to file proofs of claim by the bar date of January 7, 2021. Certain holders of pre-petition claims that were governmental units were required to file proofs of claim by the bar date of June 7, 2021. The Affiliate Debtors’ have received proofs of claim, primarily representing general unsecured claims, of approximately $1.7 billion. The Bankruptcy Court disallows claims that have been acknowledged as duplicates. Claims totaling approximately $1.4 billion have been withdrawn or disallowed. As a result of the claims resolution process post-emergence, the Affiliate Debtors agreed to allow certain claims classified per the Plan as Class 6 General Unsecured Claims against the Parent. Per ASC 852-10, liabilities are measured at their allowed claim amount, and the result of allowing these claims increased liabilities subject to compromise prior to emergence.

On the Emergence Date and pursuant to the Plan:

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Prior to the Emergence Date, the Equity Rights Offering was completed in accordance with the Plan, which resulted in the issuance of 735,189 shares of Class A Common Stock. The Class A Common Stock issued in the Equity Rights Offering was exempt from registration under the Securities Act pursuant to section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act and/or Regulation D promulgated thereunder.

The costs of our efforts to restructure our capital, prior to and during the Chapter 11 Cases, along with all other costs incurred in connection with the Chapter 11 Cases, have been material.

On the Emergence Date, pursuant to the terms of the Plan, we filed an Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Certificate of Incorporation”) and a Certificate of Amendment of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Certificate of Amendment”).

Also, on the Emergence Date, and pursuant to the terms of the Plan, we adopted the Amended and Restated Bylaws (the “Bylaws”). The descriptions of the Certificate of Incorporation and the Bylaws are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full texts of the Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws, and Certificate of Amendment which are incorporated by reference herein.

Credit Facility

On the Emergence Date, pursuant to the Plan, we entered into a Credit Agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the other lenders and letter of credit issuers named therein providing for a $120.0 million asset-based secured revolving Credit Facility, all of which is available for the issuance of letters of credit (the “Credit Facility”). The issuance of letters of credit will reduce availability under the Credit Facility dollar-for-dollar. On the Emergence Date, the Credit Facility replaced the DIP Credit Facility and the undrawn letters of credit outstanding under the former DIP Credit Facility were deemed outstanding under the Credit Facility. All accrued and unpaid fees and other amounts outstanding thereunder were paid in cash in full as well. The Credit Facility will mature on December 9, 2024.

The borrowing base under the Credit Facility is determined by reference to SESI’s and its subsidiary guarantors’ (i) eligible accounts receivable, (ii) eligible inventory, (iii) solely during the period from the Emergence Date until the earlier of December 9, 2022 and the date that unrestricted cash of SESI and its wholly-owned subsidiaries is less than $75.0 million, eligible premium rental drill pipe and (iv) so long as there are no loans outstanding at such time, certain cash of SESI and its subsidiary guarantors, less reserves established by the administrative agent in its permitted discretion.

Availability under the Credit Facility will be the lesser of (i) the commitments and (ii) the borrowing base. Subject to certain conditions, upon request and with the consent of the participating lenders, the total commitments under the Credit Facility may be increased to $170.0 million. SESI’s obligations under the Credit Facility are guaranteed by us and all of SESI’s material domestic subsidiaries and secured by substantially all of our, SESI’s and the subsidiary guarantors’ assets, other than real property.

Any borrowings under the Credit Facility will bear interest, at SESI’s option, at either an adjusted LIBOR rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 3.00% to 3.50% per annum, or an alternate base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 2.00% to 2.50% per annum, in each case on the basis of the consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio. In addition, SESI is required to pay (i) a letter of credit fee, (ii) to the issuing lender of each letter of credit, a fronting fee and (iii) commitment fees. Upon the cessation of LIBOR, the Credit Facility provides for the use of alternative benchmark rates for the determination of the borrowing rate, and the cessation of LIBOR will not have a material impact on us.

The Credit Facility requires compliance with various covenants, including, but not limited to, limitations on the incurrence of indebtedness, permitted investments, liens on assets, making distributions, transactions with affiliates, mergers, consolidations, dispositions of assets and other provisions customary in similar types of agreements. The Credit Facility also requires compliance with a fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.0 to 1.0 if (a) an event of default has occurred and is continuing or (b) availability under the Credit Facility is less than the greater of $20.0 million or 15% of the lesser of the aggregate commitments and the borrowing base.

On May 13, 2021, SESI, SESI Holdings, Inc. and the subsidiary guarantors party thereto entered into a first amendment and waiver to the Credit Facility (the “First Amendment and Waiver to the Credit Facility”) to, among other things, (i) extend the deadline thereunder for the delivery of our consolidated unaudited financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 to June 1, 2021 and (ii) obtain a limited waiver of potential defaults under the Credit Facility related to a delayed public filing of such financial statements after the original deadline for delivery of such financial statements.

On May 28, 2021, SESI, L.L.C., SESI Holdings, Inc. and the subsidiary guarantors party thereto entered into a waiver to the Credit Facility to (i) extend the deadline under the Credit Agreement for the delivery of Superior Energy Services, Inc.’s consolidated unaudited financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 and the calendar months ending April 30, 2021 and May 31, 2021 to July 15,

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2021 and (ii) agree that until the unaudited financial statements and a revised borrowing base certificate in connection therewith are delivered, the lenders will not be required to make any advances requested. As discussed below, we have filed the required financial statements and delivered the revised borrowing base certificate in satisfaction of this requirement.

On July 15, 2021, SESI, the Former Parent, and the subsidiary guarantors party thereto entered into a waiver to the Credit Facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and lender, and certain other financial institutions and other parties thereto as lenders to (i) extend the deadline under the Credit Facility for the delivery of our consolidated unaudited financial statements (x) as of and for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 to September 30, 2021 and (y) as of and for the quarter ended June 30, 2021 and the calendar months ending April 30, 2021, May 31, 2021, July 31, 2021 and August 31, 2021 to October 30, 2021, (ii) obtain a limited waiver of potential defaults under the Credit Facility related to a delayed public filing of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q with respect to the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2021 (including related financial statements) after the original deadline (and confirmation of such waiver as it pertains to the quarterly report on Form 10-Q with respect to the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2021), and (iii) agree that until the quarterly unaudited financial statements and a revised borrowing base certificate in connection with each such quarter is delivered, the lenders will not be required to make any advances requested. We filed our consolidated unaudited financial statements as of, and for, the quarters ended March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021 and delivered a revised borrowing base certificate within the required timeframe.

On November 15, 2021, we entered into a Second Amendment and Waiver to our Credit Agreement to (i) extend the deadline under the Credit Agreement for the delivery of our consolidated unaudited financial statements as of, and for, the quarter ended September 30, 2021 and the calendar month ending October 31, 2021 to December 10, 2021, (ii) obtain a limited waiver of potential defaults under the Credit Agreement related to a delayed public filing of the quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2021 after the original deadline, and (iii) agree that until the quarterly unaudited financial statements and a revised borrowing base certificate in connection with such quarter are delivered, the lenders will not be required to make any advances requested by Borrower. We filed our consolidated unaudited financial statements as of, and for, the quarter ended September 30, 2021 and delivered a revised borrowing base certificate within the required timeframe. In addition, the Credit Agreement was amended to, among other things, permit the disposition of the HB Onshore Rentals Business (as defined in the Credit Agreement).

On February 10, 2022, we entered into a Third Amendment to Credit Agreement to, among other things, provide us with additional flexibility around making asset sales. Specifically, the Credit Agreement was amended to refresh the amount of properties sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of pursuant to the “Substantial Portion” exception to $0 as of January 31, 2022. The “Substantial Portion” exception allows us to sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of properties so long as the aggregate value of all such properties sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of do not exceed (a) 10% of our gross book value of the assets during the four fiscal year quarter period ending with the fiscal quarter in which such determination is made, or (b) 10% of our consolidated net sales or net income during the four fiscal year quarter period ending with the fiscal quarter in which such determination is made. The Credit Agreement was also amended to add a new asset sale exception that allows us to make additional asset sales up to $25.0 million so long as (a) liquidity is greater than $100.0 million, (ii) unused availability under the Credit Agreement is greater than $25.0 million, and (iii) we receive 100% cash consideration to the extent that the property being sold is otherwise included in the calculation of the borrowing base under the Credit Agreement.

On March 8, 2022, we entered into a Fourth Amendment and Waiver to Credit Agreement to, among other things, permit us to file SES Energy Services India Pvt. Ltd, a private limited company of India and an indirect subsidiary, for bankruptcy under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code of India without triggering a default under the Credit Agreement.

The foregoing description of the Credit Facility, including the related amendments thereto, is a summary only and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Credit Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Stockholders Agreement

On the Emergence Date, in order to implement the governance related provisions reflected in the Plan, the stockholder’s agreement, dated February 2, 2021 (the “Stockholders Agreement”), was executed, to provide for certain governance matters. Other than the obligations related to Confidential Information (as defined in the Stockholders Agreement), the rights and preferences of each stockholder under the Stockholders Agreement will terminate when such stockholder ceases to own any shares of Class A common stock.

The foregoing description of the Stockholders Agreement is qualified in its entirety by the full text of the document, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Amendments to Stockholders Agreement

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We and stockholders holding a majority of our Class A common stock entered into an amendment to the Stockholders Agreement, effective May 14, 2021, extending the deadline to provide our stockholders unaudited consolidated quarterly financial statements from 45 days after the conclusion of a quarter to 60 days after such quarter (or, if applicable, the first business day thereafter).

We and stockholders holding a majority of our Class A common stock entered into the Second Amendment to the Stockholders Agreement, effective May 31, 2021, extending the deadline to provide our stockholders the unaudited consolidated quarterly financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 to no later than July 15, 2021.

We and stockholders holding a majority of our Class A common stock entered into the Third Amendment to the Stockholders Agreement, effective as of July 14, 2021, extending the deadline to provide our stockholders the unaudited consolidated quarterly financial statements for the quarters ended March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021 to no later than September 30, 2021 and October 31, 2021, respectively.

We and stockholders holding a majority of our Class A common stock entered the Fourth Amendment to the Stockholders Agreement, effective as of November 15, 2021, extending the deadline to provide its stockholders the unaudited consolidated quarterly financial statements for the quarters ended September 30, 2021 to no later than December 10, 2021 and making certain technical amendments to the financial statement delivery mechanics.

We and stockholders holding a majority of our Class A common stock entered into the Fifth Amendment to the Stockholders Agreement, effective as of February 9, 2022, which provides that if an officer or other authorized agent has been granted authority to approve a matter or take other action pursuant to a board-approved delegation of authority matrix, prior approval of the board will be deemed obtained without any further approval from the board.

COVID-19 Pandemic and Market Conditions

Our operations continue to be disrupted due to the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. The significant business disruption resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted customers, vendors and suppliers in all geographical areas where we operate. The closure of non-essential business facilities and restrictions on travel put in place by governments around the world have significantly reduced economic activity. In particular, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and certain related government mandated restrictions, we are currently experiencing and may continue to experience shortages and delays in the shipments of key drilling tools and certain consumables from our suppliers. See “Risk Factors – The COVID-19 pandemic has had and may continue to have an adverse effect on our supply chain in ways that remain unpredictable.”

Also, the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted and may further impact the broader economies of affected countries, including negatively impacting economic growth, the proper functioning of financial and capital markets, foreign currency exchange rates, and interest rates. For example, the continued spread of COVID-19 has led to disruption and volatility in the global capital markets, which increases the cost of capital and adversely impacts access to capital. Additionally, recognized health risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic have altered the policies of companies operating around the world, resulting in these companies instituting safety programs similar to what both domestic and international governmental agencies have implemented, including stay at home orders, social distancing mandates, and other community oriented health objectives. We are complying with all such ordinances in our operations across the globe. Management believes it has proactively addressed many of the known operational impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic to the extent possible and will strive to continue to do so, but there can be no guarantee the measures will be fully effective.

In addition, vaccine mandates may be announced in jurisdictions in which our businesses operate. Our implementation of any such requirements if and when they are deemed to be enforceable may result in attrition, including attrition of critically skilled labor, and difficulty securing future labor needs, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition, and may result in costs of compliance that are difficult to quantify at this time and may also impact our financial condition.

Commodity prices continue to be impacted by the global containment of the virus, pace of economic recovery, as well as changes to OPEC+ production levels. There is increased economic optimism as governments worldwide continue to distribute the COVID-19 vaccines. However, although vaccination campaigns are underway, several regions, including areas of the United States, have been and continue to deal with a rebound in the pandemic. There is also concern about whether vaccines will be effective against different strains of the virus that have developed and may develop in the future. West Texas Intermediate (“WTI”) oil spot prices have recovered to pre-pandemic levels. WTI oil prices and rig count averages have both increased during 2021 as compared to 2020. OPEC+ continues to meet regularly to review the state of global oil supply, demand and inventory levels. With the current shortage of other sources of energy, and the economic growth associated with what appears to be a global emergence from the pandemic, the demand for and price of oil has improved. In addition, Russia’s military incursion into Ukraine has led to, and could continue to, give a rise to regional instability and result in heightened economic sanctions by the certain members of the European Union, the United Kingdom, the United

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States, and certain other members of the international community that, in turn, could increase uncertainty with respect to global financial markets and production output from OPEC+ and other crude oil producing nations.

Industry Trends

The oil and gas industry is both cyclical and seasonal. The level of spending by oil and gas companies is highly influenced by current and expected demand as well as future prices of oil and natural gas. Changes in spending resulted in an increased or decreased demand for our services and products. Rig counts are an indicator of the level of spending by oil and gas companies.

Our financial performance is significantly affected by the rig count in the U.S. land and offshore market areas as well as oil and natural gas prices and worldwide rig count, which are summarized in the table below.

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Comparison of the Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2021 and 2020

The following table sets forth consolidated results of operations for the periods indicated. The Successor Period and the Predecessor Period are distinct reporting periods as a result of our emergence from bankruptcy. References in these results of operations to changes in comparison to the year ended December 31, 2020 combine the Successor Period and Predecessor Period (the “Combined Year”) results for the year ended December 31, 2021 in order to provide some comparability of such information to the year ended December 31, 2020. While this combined presentation is not presented according to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and no comparable GAAP measures are presented, management believes that providing this financial information is the most relevant and useful method for making comparisons to the year ended December 31, 2020 as reviewing the Successor Period results in isolation would not be useful in identifying trends in or reaching conclusions regarding our overall operating performance.

Net income for the Combined Year was $106.6 million, which compares to a net loss for the prior year of $396.2 million. The Combined Year net income was driven primarily by recognition of a $335.6 million gain in Reorganization items, net primarily due to debt forgiveness as part of our emergence from bankruptcy. Also included in the results for the Combined Year was a pre-tax charge of $24.2 million related to restructuring activities and other expense of $16.7 million, which primarily relate to charges associated with asset disposals.

Revenues and Cost of Revenues

Revenue for the Combined Year was $694.7 million, an increase of $27.4 million, or 4.1%, from the prior year. Cost of revenues for the Combined Year was $452.0 million, an increase of $43.9 million, or 10.8%, from the prior year. Both revenues and cost of revenues in the prior year were severely impacted by the effects of COVID-19, and the increase in our results in the Combined Year were driven by improvements in our Well Services business related to operations in Latin America and improvements in our well control services, partially offset by declines in well completion services. Additionally, during the Combined Year, we incurred shut down costs of $8.7 million at certain locations primarily in our Well Services segment which include costs associated with the severance of personnel and write-down of inventory at these locations.

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Depreciation, Depletion, Amortization and Accretion

Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion was $228.2 million during the Combined Year compared to $115.8 million during the prior year. The increase is related to both an increase in the carrying value of our assets and lower average remaining useful lives as a result of fair value adjustments recorded as a part of fresh start accounting. Depreciation expense in the Combined Year was impacted by the valuation process under fresh start accounting. Certain fully depreciated assets were assigned an estimated fair value of approximately $197.5 million and a remaining useful life of less than 36 months which significantly increased the amount of depreciation expense recorded in the Combined Year. Depreciation expense for these previously fully depreciated assets was $167.5 million for the Combined Year. Depreciation expense for the year ending December 31, 2022 is expected to decline significantly from the Combined Year.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expense was $128.6 million during the Combined Year compared to $205.8 million during the prior year. The decrease is the result of our continued focus on limiting spending and reducing our cost structure.

Restructuring Expenses

Restructuring expenses during the Combined Year were $24.2 million and primarily relate to severance expenses and costs related to executive officers that resigned during the period as well as professional fees associated with our previously discussed Transformation Project.

Restructuring expenses for the year ended December 31, 2020 were $47.1 million, and include $31.5 million of advisory and professional fees relating to the Chapter 11 Cases and $15.6 million related to the RSA premium paid to certain Consenting Noteholders pursuant to the RSA (the “RSA Premium”).

Other Expenses

Other expenses during the Combined Year were $16.7 million. Other expenses comprised $13.1 million related to our Wells Services segment, which includes approximately $11.7 million from exit activities related to SES Energy Services India Pvt. Ltd, and $3.6 million related to our Rentals segment. Other expenses primarily relate to charges recorded as part of our strategic disposal of low margin assets in line with our Transformation Project strategy and includes gains/losses on asset sales, as well as impairments primarily related to long-lived assets.

Reduction in Value of Assets

The reduction in value of assets recorded in 2020 was $23.8 million and was related to impairment of our long-lived assets, primarily in our Well Services segment.

Reorganization items, net

Reorganization items, net were $335.6 million during the Combined Year. See Note 3 – Fresh Start Accounting to our consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Interest Income (Expense), net

Interest income was $2.5 million for the Combined Year ascompared to interest expense of $92.4 million for the prior year. Interest expense for the prior year was a result of outstanding debt which was subsequently eliminated as a liability subject to compromise and settled in accordance with the Plan. See Note 3 – Fresh Start Accounting to our consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Income Taxes

The effective tax rate for the Successor Period and the Predecessor Period was 21.4%, and 18.2%, respectively.

The tax rate in the Successor Period is different from the blended federal and state statutory rate of 22.5% primarily from non-deductible items and foreign losses for which no tax benefit was recorded.

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The tax rate in the Predecessor Period is different from the blended federal and state statutory rate of 22.5% primarily from the adoption of fresh start accounting during the period. The cancellation of indebtedness income resulting from the restructuring has significantly reduced our US tax attributes, including but not limited to net operating loss carryforwards. We experienced an ownership change under Sec. 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), which is anticipated to limit certain remaining tax attributes.

The effective tax rate for the prior year was 10.6%. The tax rate is different from the blended federal and state statutory rate of 22.5% primarily from foreign losses for which no tax benefit was recorded.

Discontinued Operations

Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, was $40.4 million for the Combined Year as compared to $168.7 million for the prior year. See Note 14 - Discontinued Operations to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion.

Comparison of the Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2020 and 2019

For 2020, our revenue was $667.2 million, a decrease of $304.8 million or 31%, as compared to 2019. Net loss from continuing operations was $227.5 million, and net loss was $396.2 million. Included in the results for 2020 were pre-tax charges of $47.1 million related to restructuring expenses, $23.8 million related to a reduction in value of assets, and $19.5 million related to reorganization items. For 2019, our revenue was $972.1 million, resulting in a loss from continuing operations of $90.3 million, and a net loss of $255.7 million. Included in the results for 2019 was a pre-tax charge of $9.3 million related to a reduction in value of assets.

The following table compares our operating results for 2020 and 2019 (in thousands). Cost of revenues excludes depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion for each of our business segments.

Revenues and Cost of Revenues

Revenue for 2020 was $667.2 million, a decrease of $304.8 million, or 31.4%, from the prior year. Cost of revenues for 2020 was $408.1 million, a decrease of $150.1 million, or 26.9%, from the prior year. Both revenues and cost of revenues in 2020 were severely impacted by the effects of COVID-19, as we experienced declines in each geographic market in which we operated, from declines in demand and rig counts.

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Depreciation, Depletion, Amortization and Accretion

Depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion decreased to $115.8 million during 2020 from $146.8 million in 2019. The decrease in depreciation, depletion, amortization and accretion was primarily due to impairments of long-lived assets during 2020 and 2019 in addition to assets becoming fully depreciated.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses decreased to $205.8 million during 2020 from $244.4 million in 2019. Total general and administrative expenses decreased primarily due to our continued focus on limiting spending and reducing our cost structure.

Restructuring Expenses

Restructuring expenses were $47.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. These prepetition restructuring expenses include $31.5 million of advisory and professional fees relating to the Chapter 11 Cases and $15.6 million related to the RSA Premium. There were no prepetition charges during 2019.

Reduction in Value of Assets

The reduction in value of assets recorded in 2020 was $23.8 million as compared to $9.3 million in 2019. The reduction in value of assets during both 2020 and 2019 was related to impairment of our long-lived assets, primarily in our Well Services segment. See the Notes to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion.

Reorganization Expenses

Reorganization expenses were $19.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. These post-petition reorganization expenses are comprised primarily of unamortized debt issuance costs, expenses related to rejected leases, and post-petition professional fees related to the Chapter 11 Cases. There were no reorganization expenses during 2019.

Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate for 2020 was 10.6% compared to a negative 3.1% for 2019.

Discontinued Operations

Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax, was $168.7 million for 2020 as compared to $165.5 million for 2019. See the Notes to our consolidated financial statements for further discussion.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash flows depend, to a large degree, on the level of spending by oil and gas companies for exploration, development and production activities. Certain sources and uses of cash, such as our level of discretionary capital expenditures and divestitures of non-core assets, are within our control and are adjusted as necessary based on market conditions.

Also impacting liquidity is the state of the global economy, which impacts oil and natural gas consumption. Our operations continue to be disrupted due to the circumstances surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. The significant business disruption resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted customers, vendors and suppliers in all geographical areas where we operate. The closure of non-essential business facilities and restrictions on travel put in place by governments around the world have significantly reduced economic activity. Also, the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted and may further impact the broader economies of affected countries, including negatively impacting economic growth, the proper functioning of financial and capital markets, foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates. There is increased economic optimism in 2022 as governments worldwide continue to distribute the COVID-19 vaccines and supplemental vaccine boosters. However, although vaccination campaigns are underway, several regions, including areas of the United States, have been and continue to deal with a rebound in the pandemic. There is also concern about whether vaccines will be effective against different strains of the virus that have developed and may develop in the future. Even though signs of economic recovery centered on COVID-19 mitigation, global vaccine distribution, and re-opening efforts make demand for oil and gas difficult to project, we believe demand is recovering and prices will be positively impacted.

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Debt Instruments

On the Emergence Date, pursuant to the Plan, we entered into a Credit Agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the other lenders and letter of credit issuers named therein providing for a $120.0 million asset-based secured revolving Credit Facility, all of which is available for the issuance of letters of credit. The issuance of letters of credit will reduce availability under the Credit Facility dollar-for-dollar. The Credit Facility will mature on December 9, 2024.

The borrowing base under the Credit Facility is determined by reference to SESI’s and its subsidiary guarantors’ (i) eligible accounts receivable, (ii) eligible inventory, (iii) solely during the period from the Emergence Date until the earlier of December 9, 2022 and the date that unrestricted cash of SESI and its wholly-owned subsidiaries is less than $75.0 million, eligible premium rental drill pipe and (iv) so long as there are no loans outstanding at such time, certain cash of SESI and its subsidiary guarantors, less reserves established by the administrative agent in its permitted discretion.

Availability under the Credit Facility at any time is equal to the lesser of (i) the aggregate commitments under the Credit Facility and (ii) the borrowing base at such time. Subject to certain conditions, upon request and with the consent of the participating lenders, the total commitments under the Credit Facility may be increased to $170.0 million. SESI’s obligations under the Credit Facility are guaranteed by us and all of SESI’s material domestic subsidiaries and secured by substantially all of the personal property of ours, SESI and SESI’s material domestic subsidiaries, in each case, subject to certain customary exceptions.

On the Emergence Date, the Credit Facility replaced the DIP Credit Facility, and the undrawn letters of credit outstanding under the DIP Credit Facility were deemed outstanding under the Credit Facility.

Financial Condition and Sources of Liquidity

Our primary sources of liquidity have been cash and cash equivalents, cash generated from operations and asset sales, and availability under our Credit Facility. As of December 31, 2021, we had cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash of $394.5 million. During the Successor Period and the Predecessor Period net cash provided by operating activities was $58.9 million and $5.4 million, respectively. During the Successor Period and the Predecessor Period, $97.5 million and $0.8 million were received in cash proceeds from the sale of assets, respectively.

As of December 31, 2021, the borrowing base under the Credit Facility was approximately $114.9 million and we had $37.1 million of letters of credit outstanding that reduced the borrowing availability under the revolving credit facility.

The energy industry faces growing negative sentiment in the market which may affect our ability to access capital on terms favorable to us. While we have confidence in the level of support from our lenders, this negative sentiment in the energy industry has not only impacted our customers in North America, but also affects the availability and pricing for most credit lines extended to participants in the industry. From time to time we may enter into transactions to dispose of businesses or capital assets that no longer fit our long-term strategy.

Uses of Liquidity

The primary uses of liquidity are to provide support for operating activities, restructuring activities and capital expenditures. We spent $34.2 million of cash on capital expenditures during the Successor Period and $3.0 million of cash on capital expenditures during the Predecessor Period. We incurred significant costs associated with the Chapter 11 Cases, including fees for legal, financial and restructuring advisors to us, and certain of our creditors. During the Predecessor Period, we incurred $18.3 million of advisory and professional fees relating to the Chapter 11 Cases and $12.0 million of fees paid in consideration for the commitment by the Backstop Commitment Parties to provide the Delayed-Draw Term Loan Facility upon the emergence from bankruptcy (which we did not ultimately utilize).

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The accounting policies described below are considered critical in obtaining an understanding of our consolidated financial statements because their application requires significant estimates and judgments by management in preparing our consolidated financial statements. Management’s estimates and judgments are inherently uncertain and may differ significantly from actual results achieved. Management considers an accounting estimate to be critical if the following conditions apply:

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It is management’s view that the current assumptions and other considerations used to estimate amounts reflected in our consolidated financial statements are appropriate. However, actual results can differ significantly from those estimates under different assumptions and conditions. The sections below contain information about our most critical accounting estimates.

Bankruptcy We applied Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic No. 852 – Reorganizations (“ASC 852”) in preparing the consolidated financial statements. ASC 852 requires distinguishing transactions associated with the reorganization separate from activities related to the ongoing operations of the business. Accordingly, pre-petition liabilities that could have been impacted by the Chapter 11 Cases were classified as liabilities subject to compromise in our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020. These liabilities were reported at the amounts we anticipated would be allowed by the Bankruptcy Court. Additionally, certain expenses, realized gains and losses and provisions for losses that were realized or incurred during and directly related to the Chapter 11 Cases, including fresh start valuation adjustments and gains on liabilities subject to compromise were recorded as reorganization items, net in the consolidated statements of operations. See Note 2 – Emergence from Voluntary Reorganization under Chapter 11 for more information on the events of the Chapter 11 Cases as well as the accounting and reporting impacts of the reorganization during the Predecessor Period.

Long-Lived Assets Valuation We review long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and purchased intangibles subject to amortization, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of any such asset may not be recoverable. We record impairment losses on long-lived assets to be held and used in operations when the fair value of those assets is less than their respective carrying amount. Impairment losses are recorded in the amount by which the carrying amount of such assets exceeds the fair value. Fair value is measured, in part, by the estimated cash flows to be generated by those assets. Our cash flow estimates are based upon, among other things, historical results adjusted to reflect our best estimate of future market rates, utilization levels and operating performance. Our estimates of cash flows may differ from actual cash flows due to, among other things, changes in economic conditions or changes in an asset’s operating performance. Assets are generally grouped by subsidiary or division for the impairment testing, which represent the lowest level of identifiable cash flows. Assets held for sale are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less estimated costs to sell. Our estimate of fair value represents our best estimate based on industry trends and reference to market transactions and is subject to variability. The oil and gas industry is cyclical and our estimates of the period over which future cash flows will be generated, as well as the predictability of these cash flows, can have a significant impact on the carrying value of these assets and, in periods of prolonged down cycles, may result in impairment charges.

Decommissioning liabilitiesOur decommissioning liabilities are associated with our oil and gas property and include liabilities related to the plugging of wells, removal of the related platform and equipment and site restoration. We review the adequacy of our decommissioning liabilities whenever indicators suggest that the estimated cash flows and/or relating timing needed to satisfy the liability have changed materially. Estimates of our decommissioning liabilities are calculated using the income approach. Estimates of future retirement costs are adjusted for an estimated inflation rate over the expected time period prior to retirement and future cash outflows are discounted by a credit adjusted risk-free rate.

Income Taxes We use the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes. This method takes into account the differences between financial statement treatment and tax treatment of certain transactions. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Our deferred tax calculation requires us to make certain estimates about our future operations. Changes in state, federal and foreign tax laws, as well as changes in our financial condition or the carrying value of existing assets and liabilities, could affect these estimates. The effect of a change in tax rates is recognized as income or expense in the period that the rate is enacted.

Fair Value MeasurementsFair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or the price paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Inputs used in determining fair value are characterized according to a hierarchy that prioritizes those inputs based on the degree to which they are observable. We historically utilized unadjusted quoted prices in the market for measuring the fair value of debt. We utilize unadjusted quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets for measuring the fair value of non-qualified deferred compensation plan assets and liabilities. We utilize unadjusted quoted prices which are readily determinable for measuring the fair value of our investment in equity securities. We use both cost and market estimates when calculating fair value for long-lived assets for impairment.

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Recently Adopted and Issued Accounting Guidance

See Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – New Accounting Pronouncements.”

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

We are exposed to market risks associated with foreign currency fluctuations and changes in interest rates. A discussion of our market risk exposure in financial instruments follows.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

Prior to the Emergence Date, the functional currency of the majority of our international subsidiaries was US dollars and the functional currency for certain of our international subsidiaries was the local currency.

Commencing on the Emergence Date, as part of adopting a new accounting policy at fresh start accounting, the functional currency of certain international subsidiaries changed from the local currency to US dollars. This change brings alignment so that our functional currency is US dollars. Management considered the economic factors outlined in FASB ASC Topic No. 830 - Foreign Currency Matters in the determination of the functional currency. Management concluded that the predominance of factors support the use of the US Dollar as the functional currency which resulted in a change in functional currency to US dollars for all international subsidiaries.

The change in functional currency is applied on a prospective basis beginning on the Emergence Date and translation adjustments will continue to remain as a component of prior periods accumulated other comprehensive loss.

We do not hold derivatives for trading purposes or use derivatives with complex features. When we believe prudent, we enter into forward foreign exchange contracts to hedge the impact of foreign currency fluctuations. We do not enter into forward foreign exchange contracts for trading purposes. At December 31, 2021 and 2020, we had no outstanding foreign currency forward contracts.

Interest Rate Risk

At December 31, 2021 and 2020, we had no variable rate debt outstanding.

Commodity Price Risk

Our revenues, profitability and future rate of growth significantly depend upon the market prices of oil and natural gas. Lower prices may also reduce the amount of oil and gas that can economically be produced.

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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Superior Energy Services, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Superior Energy Services, Inc. and its subsidiaries (Successor) (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of comprehensive income (loss), of changes in stockholders’ equity (deficit) and of cash flows for the period from February 3, 2021 through December 31, 2021, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the period from February 3, 2021 through December 31, 2021 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Basis of Accounting