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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K/A

(Amendment No. 1)

10-K

x

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2020

2023

OR

o

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number: 001-39142

PORCH GROUP, INC

INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

83-2587663

Delaware

83-2587663

(State of Other Jurisdiction of incorporation or Organization)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

411 1st Avenue S., Suite 501, Seattle, WA

98104

2200 1st Avenue S., Suite 300, Seattle, WA

98134

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (855) (855) 767-2400


Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Name Of Each Exchange

Title of Each Class

Trading Symbol(s)

On Which Registered

Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share

Warrants to purchase common stock

PRCH

PRCHW

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None


Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically; every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.0405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

o

Accelerated filer

x

Non-accelerated filer o

Smaller reporting company x

Emerging growth company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. x

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. o
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x

Based on the closing price of $1.38 per share as reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market, the aggregate market value of the Registrant’s Common Stockregistrant’s voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on June 30, 20202023 (the last business day of the Registrant’sregistrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter) was approximately $175$109 million. Shares of Common Stockcommon stock held by each executive officer and director and by each shareholder affiliated with a director or an executive officer have been excluded from this calculation because such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes. The number of outstanding shares of the Registrant’s Common Stockregistrant’s common stock as of March 26, 20218, 2024 was 89,415,481.

97,596,490.

Documents Incorporated by Reference

Items

The information required by Part III (Items 10, (as to directors and Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance), 11, 12, 13 and 1414) of Part III incorporatethis Annual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated by reference information from the registrant’s definitive proxy statement for its 2024 annual meeting to be filed on April 29, 2021 with the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the Registrant’s 2021 Annual Meeting of Stockholderspursuant to be held on June 9, 2021.

Regulation 14A.



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TABLE OF CONTENTS

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PART I

Item 1. Business

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PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

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PART IV

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

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EXPLANATORY NOTE RELATED TO THE RESTATEMENT

This Amendment No. 1 to Form 10-K/A (this “Amendment” or “Form 10-K/A”) amends the Porch Group, Inc. (“Porch” or the “Company”) Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 originally filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 31, 2021 by the Company (the “Original Filing”). This Amendment restates the Company's previously issued consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020. See Note 1, Restatement of Previously Issued Consolidated Financial Statements, in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, for additional information. This Form 10-K/A also amends certain other items in the Original Filing, as listed in “Items Amended in this Form 10-K/A” below.

Restatement Background

On April 12, 2021, the Staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission released a statement highlighting a number of financial reporting considerations for Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (“SPACs”) (the “SEC Staff Statement”). The SEC Staff Statement highlighted potential accounting implications of certain terms that are common in warrants issued in connection with initial public offerings of SPACs. The SEC Staff Statement clarified guidance for all SPAC-related companies regarding the accounting and reporting for their warrants that could result in the warrants issued by SPACs being classified as a liability measured at fair value, with non-cash fair value adjustments recorded in earnings at each reporting period

Upon completion of the Merger with PTAC on December 23, 2020, the Company assumed 8,625,000 public warrants and 5,700,000 private warrants to purchase an aggregate 14,325,000 shares of common stock, which were outstanding as of December 31, 2020. Each warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $11.50 per share. The private warrants are identical to the public warrants, except that the private warrants are exercisable on a cashless basis and are non-redeemable so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the placement warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the private warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the public warrants. In light of the SEC Staff Statement, the Company reevaluated the accounting treatment of the Public Warrants and Private Warrants, which had been classified as equity on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020. The Company determined that the Public Warrants did not contain these provisions and were otherwise appropriately classified as equity. However, the Private Warrant agreements provided for an alternative settlement structure dependent upon the characteristic of being an eligible Private Warrant holder. As the characteristics of a warrant holder are not inputs into the pricing of a fixed-for-fixed option on equity shares, such provision precludes the Private Warrants from being classified in equity, and thus the Private Warrants should be classified as a liability in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 815.

Accordingly, on May 13, 2021, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company, after considering the recommendations of management, concluded that the Original Filing should not be relied upon due to the misclassified Private Warrants. With this Amendment, the Private Warrants are now appropriately classified as a liability measured at fair value on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020, and the change in fair value of such liability in each period is presented as a gain or loss in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Effect of Restatement and Revisions

As described above, the Private Warrants should be accounted for as liabilities measured at fair value, with non-cash fair value adjustments recorded in earnings at each reporting period. As a result, we are including in this Amendment No. 1 restated consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020. The change in the accounting treatment for the Private Warrants along with the correction of certain other previously identified immaterial errors and the resulting restatement and revision of our consolidated financial statements resulted in an increase in total liabilities of approximately $31.9 million and a decrease of approximately $29.7 million in additional paid-in capital in our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of December 31, 2020, and a decrease in revenue of approximately $0.9 million and an increase in other expenses, net of approximately $1.5 million in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2020. Additionally, due to the change in accounting treatment for Private Warrants, when

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presenting diluted earnings (loss) per share the Private Warrants were considered for inclusion in the diluted share count in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), which resulted in an increase to our diluted loss per share.

The restatement of the consolidated financial statements had no impact on our liquidity or cash position as of December 31, 2020. An explanation of the impact of the restatement on our consolidated financial statements is contained in “Note 1—Restatement of Previously Issued Consolidated Financial Statements” to the accompanying consolidated financial statements included in this Amendment No. 1.

As all material restatement information will be included in this Amendment No. 1, investors and others should rely only on the financial information and other disclosures regarding the periods described above in this Amendment No. 1 and in future filings with the SEC (as applicable) and should not rely on any previously issued or filed reports, press releases, corporate presentations or similar communications relating to the year ended December 31, 2020.

Internal Control Considerations

As described within Part II, Item 9A. Controls and Procedures of the Original Filing, management had identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020 stemming from the previously existing internal control processes not being comprehensive enough to mitigate the risks related to the operations of the consolidated entity post-Merger.

In conjunction with the restatement, management has concluded that the Company’s lack of processes and resources to identify and evaluate the appropriate treatment of complex securities, such as warrants, represents a second material weakness in internal control over financial reporting. Refer to Part II, Item 9A. Controls and Procedures in this amended Annual Report for additional information regarding management’s considerations.

Items Amended in this Form 10-K/A

This Form 10-K/A presents the Original Filing, amended and restated with modifications as necessary to reflect the restatements. The following items have been amended to reflect the restatement:

Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors
Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Part II, Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

This Amendment speaks as of the filing date of the Original 10-K Filing and does not reflect events occurring after the filing date of the Original 10-K Filing.

As required by Rule 12b-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), new certifications by the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer are filed herewith as exhibits to this Amendment pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Exchange Act and Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of the United States Code (18 U.S.C. 1350).

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This annual report on Form 10-K (this “Annual Report”) and the documents incorporated herein by reference contain forward- lookingforward-looking statements as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based on the beliefs and assumptions of management. Although the Company believeswe, Porch Group, Inc., believe that itsour plans, intentions, and expectations reflected in or suggested by these forward-looking statements are reasonable, the Companywe cannot assure you that itwe will achieve or realize these plans, intentions, or expectations. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Generally, statements that are not historical facts, including statements concerning the Company’sour possible or assumed future actions, business strategies, events, or results of operations, are forward-looking statements. These statements may be preceded by, followed by, or include the words “believes,“believe,“estimates,“estimate,“expects,“expect,“projects,“project,“forecasts,“forecast,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seeks,“seek,“plans,“plan,” “scheduled,” “anticipates” or “intends”“anticipate,” “intend,” or similar expressions.

Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance. You should not put undue reliance on these statements which speak only as of the date hereof. Unless specifically indicated otherwise, the forward-looking statements in this Annual Report do not reflect the potential impact of any divestitures, mergers, acquisitions, or other business combinations that have not been completed as of the date of this filing. You should understand that the following important factors, among others, could affect the Company’sour future results and could cause those results or other outcomes to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the Company’sour forward-looking statements:

the ability to recognize the anticipated benefits of the Company’s business combination consummated on December 23, 2020 (the “Merger”) pursuant to that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated July 30, 2020 (as amended by the First Amendment to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 12, 2020, the “Merger Agreement”), by and among PropTech Acquisition Corporation (“PTAC”), PTAC Merger Sub Corporation, a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of PTAC (“Merger Sub”), Porch.com, Inc. a Delaware corporation, and Joe Hanauer, in his capacity as the shareholder representative, which may be affected by, among other things, competition and the ability of the combined business to grow and manage growth profitably;
expansion plans and opportunities, and managing growth, to build a consumer brand;
expansion plans and opportunities, including future acquisitions or additional business combinations;
costs related to the Merger;
litigation, complaints, and/or adverse publicity;
the impact of changes in consumer spending patterns, consumer preferences, local, regional and national economic conditions, crime, weather, demographic trends and employee availability;
privacy and data protection laws, privacy or data breaches, or the loss of data; and
the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on the business and financial conditions of the Company.

Thesethe incidence, frequency, and severity of weather events, extensive wildfires, and other catastrophes;

economic conditions, especially those affecting the housing, insurance, and financial markets;
expectations regarding revenue, cost of revenue, operating expenses, and the ability to achieve and maintain future profitability;
existing and developing federal and state laws and regulations, including with respect to insurance, warranty, privacy, information security, data protection, and taxation, and management’s interpretation of and compliance with such laws and regulations;
our reinsurance program, which includes the use of a captive reinsurer, the success of which is dependent on a number of factors that could cause actual resultsoutside management’s control, along with reliance on reinsurance to differprotect against loss;
the uncertainty and significance of the known and unknown effects on our insurance carrier subsidiary, Homeowners of America Insurance Company (“HOA”), and us due to the termination of a reinsurance contract following the fraud committed by Vesttoo Ltd. (“Vesttoo”), including, but not limited to, the outcome of Vesttoo’s Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings; our ability to successfully pursue claims arising out of the fraud, the costs associated with pursuing the claims, and the timeframe associated with any recoveries; HOA's ability to obtain and maintain adequate reinsurance coverage against excess losses; HOA’s ability to stay out of regulatory supervision and maintain its financial stability rating; and HOA’s ability to maintain a healthy surplus;
uncertainties related to regulatory approval of insurance rates, policy forms, insurance products, license applications, acquisitions of businesses, or strategic initiatives, including the reciprocal restructuring, and other matters within the purview of insurance regulators;
reliance on strategic, proprietary relationships to provide us with access to personal data and product information, and the ability to use such data and information to increase transaction volume and attract and retain customers;
the ability to develop new, or enhance existing, products, services, and features and bring them to market in a timely manner;
changes in capital requirements, and the ability to access capital when needed to provide statutory surplus;
our ability to timely repay our outstanding indebtedness;
the increased costs and initiatives required to address new legal and regulatory requirements arising from those implied bydevelopments related to cybersecurity, privacy, and data governance and the forward-looking statementsincreased costs and initiatives to protect against data breaches, cyber-attacks, virus or malware attacks, or other infiltrations or incidents affecting system integrity, availability, and performance;
retaining and attracting skilled and experienced employees;
costs related to being a public company; and
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other risks and uncertainties discussed in “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Annual Report”) for the year ended December 31, 2023, and elsewhere in this report, as well as those discussed in subsequent reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), all of which are more fullyavailable on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
We caution you that the foregoing list may not contain all of the risks to forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K primarily on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. The outcome of the events described in the “Risk Factors” section. Thethese forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors, including those described in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” are not exhaustive. New risk factors emerge from time to timeFactors,” and it is not possible for us to predict all such risk factors, nor can the Company assess the impact of all such risk factorselsewhere in this Annual Report on its business or the extent to whichForm 10-K. We disclaim any factor or combination of factors may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. All forward- looking statements attributable to the Company or persons acting on its behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the foregoing cautionary statements. The Company undertakes no obligationsobligation to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result ofin response to new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by applicable law.

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NOTE REGARDING INDUSTRY AND MARKET DATA
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains market data and industry statistics and forecasts that are based on independent industry publications and other publicly available information. Although we believe these sources are reliable, we do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information and we have not independently verified this information. In addition, the market and industry data and forecasts included in this report may involve estimates, assumptions and other risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed in “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” contained in this Annual Report. Accordingly, investors should not place undue reliance on this information.
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PART I


Item 1. Business

Unless

Company Overview
Introduction to Porch Group
Porch Group, Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries, (“Porch Group,” “Porch,” the context otherwise requires, references in this section to“Company,” “we,” “our,” “us,” the “Company” or “Porch” generally refer to Porch Group, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Overview

Who We Are

Porch“us”) is a leading vertical software and insurance platform and is positioned to be the best partner to help homebuyers move, maintain, and fully protect their homes. We offer differentiated products and services, with homeowners insurance at the center of this relationship.

We differentiate and look to win in the massive and growing homeowners insurance opportunity by 1) providing the best services for homebuyers, 2) led by advantaged underwriting in insurance, 3) to protect the whole home.
As a leader in the home services software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) space, we’ve built deep relationships with approximately 30 thousand companies that are key to the home-buying transaction, such as home inspectors, mortgage companies, and title companies.
We have grown the utilization our software products across these industries; for example, more than 40% of home inspections in 2023 and approximately 40% of title transactions in 2023 are processed through our software. These relationships provide us with early insights to a majority of United States (“U.S.”) homebuyers. In partnership with these companies, we have the ability to help simplify the move for consumers with services such as insurance, warranty, moving and more.
Through our vertical software products we have unique insights into the majority of U.S. properties. This data helps feed our insurance underwriting models, better understand risk, and create competitive differentiation in underwriting.
We provide full protection for the home providingby including a variety of home warranty products alongside homeowners insurance. We are able to fill the gaps of protection for consumers, minimize surprises, and deepen our relationships and value proposition.
Porch’s Strategy to Win in Homeowners Insurance
31.b.12 How We'll Win Screenshot.jpg
We have two reportable segments: the Vertical Software segment and the Insurance segment.
Vertical Software Segment
The Vertical Software segment provides software and services to approximately 11,000 homeinspection, mortgage, and title companies on a subscription and transactional basis, which was 54% of total vertical software revenue in 2023, and move and post-move services, companies, such as homewhich was 46% of total vertical software revenue in 2023. The Vertical Software segment operates several key businesses, including:
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Inspection Software and Services
This includes the Inspection Support Network (“ISN”), Home Inspector Pro and Palm-Tech brands which are leading SaaS solutions for inspectors moving companies, utility companies, home insurance, warranty companies,with easy-to-use tools. These three solutions provide a range of offerings for inspection businesses, and others. Porch helps these service providers grow their business and improve their customer experience. As a way to pay for the software and services, these companies connect their homebuyers to Porch, who in turn makes the moving process easier, helping consumers save time and make better decisions about critical services, including insurance, moving, security, TV/internet, home repair and improvement, and more. While some home services companies pay Porch typical software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) fees, the majority of Porch’s revenue comes from business-to-business-to-consumer (“B2B2C”) transaction revenues, with service providers such as insurance carriers or TV/internet companies paying Porch for new customer sign-ups.

Porch is the largest provider of software for certain home service verticals, such as the home inspection industry wheretogether represent more than a quarter40% of all U.S. home inspections are processed through Porch. Porch operates under ain 2023.

ISN has grown to be the most comprehensive CRM and workflow solution in the inspection industry. It allows inspection companies to accept orders online from their website and helps automate business tasks such as emailing customers, collecting payments, delivering inspection agreements, and collecting signatures. ISN is extensible, offering integrations with the largest number of brands, such as Inspection Support LLC (“ISN™”), Porch’s enterprise resource planning (“ERP”)inspection and customer relationshiptechnology partners in the industry and all the prominent report-writing platforms. ISN also provides powerful business reporting so that office staff and the business owner can understand how the business is performing at the individual inspector, real estate agent, or office level.
Title Insurance Software
Rynoh software helps settlement agents protect the real estate transaction. Rynoh software was utilized in approximately 40% of all real estate closings in 2023.
Through the homebuyer’s settlement agent, Rynoh’s cloud-based financial management (“CRM”) software, HireAHelperTM , where it provides softwaresystem, supports financial protection for each real estate transaction by tracking critical disbursements and demand for moving companies, Elite Insurance Group, where Porchautomating reconciliations daily. Due to the manual and labor-intensive processes in the industry, settlement agent’s escrow accounts are more vulnerable to the rising risks of fraud, embezzlement, cyberattacks, and unintentional errors. Rynoh’s products intend to save customers time and money while reducing risk.
Mortgage Software
Floify is a licensed nationwide insurance agency, V12,software company helping mortgage companies and loan officers create a better mortgage and refinancing experience for consumers.
Floify offers market-leading digital mortgage point-of-sale solutions to mortgage professionals. Including advanced digital loan application, secure document portal, automated borrower and agent notification platform, fully customizable workflows, and other productivity integrations.
Moving Services
Porch Moving Group includes the SML, Moving Staffers and HireAHelper brands, and is primarily a marketplace offering labor-only moving services which provides datahas recently expanded to offer all moving-related services.
Other
Additional businesses include Porch Media Group, a leader in mover and analytical solutions that allow brands to improve the performance of theirhomeowner marketing, and iRoofing LLC, which provides measurement software for roofers,roofers.
The software and Porch.com, where homeowners can completeservices businesses receive both subscription and transactional revenues. Software and subscription revenues were 54% of total 2023 Vertical Software segment revenue and are less exposed to seasonality. The moving business relies on home projects.

Background industry moves which are traditionally higher in the spring and Corporate History

On December 23, 2020 (the “Closing Date”summer months.

Businesses within the Porch Group ecosystem benefit from early access to consumers at a low cost of acquisition. Consumers also benefit from a free app and concierge to assist with insurance, warranty, move and post-move services.
Insurance Segment
Our Insurance segment provides consumers with insurance and warranty products to protect their homes, earning revenue through premiums collected on policies, policy fees and commissions. The Insurance segment includes Homeowners of America (“HOA”), Porch.com, Inc. and PTAC consummated the business combination pursuant to the Merger Agreement whereby Porch.com, Inc. merged with and into Merger Sub and became a wholly owned subsidiaryinsurance carrier, Porticus Reinsurance (“Porticus RE”), our Cayman Islands captive reinsurer, and Porch Warranty, among other warranty brands.
Insurance
Through HOA, we offer property-related insurance products in 22 states. HOA uses unique property data to assess home factors, underwrite risk, and effectively price homeowners insurance policies. Information about properties includes features such as type of PTAC. Onpiping, roof, plumbing, floor and water heater location. HOA uses this data to create a pricing advantage for well-maintained homes and increase prices for homes that are higher risk.
Property insurance claims fluctuate with seasonal weather; the Closing Date, PTAC changed its name from “PropTech Acquisition Corporation”highest exposure to “Porch Group, Inc.” References in this section to Porch prior to the Closing Date refer to Porch.com, Inc.

We were incorporatedcatastrophic weather has historically occurred in the Statefirst and second quarters. While HOA retains insurance underwriting risk, a portion of Delaware on December 22, 2011the risk is ceded to

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third party reinsurance companies. Porticus RE reinsures risk from HOA when economically attractive versus using a third-party reinsurer.
Warranty
Our warranty business offers various products such as whole-home, 90-day, service line and officially launched as Porch.com, Inc. on September 17, 2013. We launched Porch with the goal of simplifying the homebuying, move-in,extended labor warranties in 49 states and Washington, D.C. The warranty business typically acquires customers through partnerships, including real estate, home inspection, distributors, utilities, and home maintenance process.insurance. We beganoffer warranty products predominately through the Porch Warranty, American Home Protect (“AHP”), and Residential Warranty Services (“RWS”) brands.
Our warranty business differs from competitors and we believe has a long-term advantage due to several factors.
We offer bundled handyman services, which appeal to customers who maintain their home to prevent future issues. Customers pay a deductible against services such as a data-driven home services marketplace, delivering project requestsgutter or dryer vent cleaning.
Unique channel access, in addition to home improvement professionals across the country who make uptraditional warranty channels such as real estate and direct-to-consumer, by being part of the $460 billion North American home improvement market.1 After two (2) years of growth,Porch Group also means products can be cross-sold through inspectors, contractors and with key learnings in hand, Porch expanded its offerings byother businesses, providing softwarelower customer acquisition costs and serviceincreased lifetime value.
Our 90-day warranty product is provided largely through inspectors to home services companies, transitioning to a vertical software company focused on the home. We knew that we wanted to focus on individuals making critical and high value purchase decisions at the start of their homeowning journey. We also knew that we wanted to partner with home service companies to create long-term defensible and proprietary access to these consumers. As of the end of 2020, approximately 11,000 small and large businesses — home inspectors, moving companies, large utilities, home warranty companies and more — use Porch to improve their operations, grow their business, and improve their customer experiences. These partnerships provide Porch introductions to end customers (who are largely homebuyers or existing homeowners) to help make the move and home maintenance simpler. This access is unique, wide-ranging and early in the homebuying process. Becauseduring the home inspection industry is Porch’s largest vertical with more than a quarter of all U.S. home inspections being managed in Porch’s ERP/CRM software2, Porch typically gets introducedpurchase process to a homebuyer approximately six (6) weeks before their move-in day, when

1 Based on data from Global Market Insights, Inc.

2 Based on internal Porch data regarding total home inspections processed via Porch software from January 2020 through June 2020, as a percentage of total 1H 2020 home sales. “Total 1H 2020 home sales,” as used herein, represents the sum of new and existing U.S. home sales for the period from February 2020 through July 2020 (in order to account for the delay between home inspection and closing of sale), as reported by the U.S. Census Bureau (new home sales) and the National Association of Realtors (existing home sales).

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critical purchase decisions are being made.

Throughout the last seven (7) years, Porch has established many partnerships across a number of home-related industries. Porch has also proven effective at selectively acquiring companies which can be efficiently integrated into Porch’s platform. In 2017, we significantly expanded our position in the home inspection industry by acquiring ISN™, a developer of ERP and CRM software for home inspectors. Under Porch’s ownership, ISN™ has increased its revenues approximately five-fold (5x) in the three (3) years since Porch acquired it. In November 2018, we acquired Hire A Helper, LLC (“HireAHelper™”), a provider of software and demand for moving companies. Similarly, within 18 months after being acquired by Porch, HireAHelper™ had more than doubled its revenues and achieved significant increases in profits. More recently, Porch announced acquisitions of V12, PalmTech, and iRoofing, as well as the signing of Homeowners of America which is expected to close in Q2 2021. We remain committed to pursuing attractive M&A opportunities as a key part of our growth strategy going forward as a public company.

However, as described elsewhere in part in “Risk Factors, Risks Related to Our Acquisition Strategy – We may experience risks related to acquisitions, including the HOA acquisition”, not all of our prior or future acquisitions have or will perform at the levels expected by management or stockholders from an operational, business, financial, or risk management perspective. In addition, at our stage of development we are continuing to build out capabilities in the business and functional staffing areas to assess, value, execute and integrate acquisitions – the growth and capabilities of these teams can introduce risk with respect to realizing our acquisition strategy and the value of acquisition opportunities.

The Porch Platform

Porchoffer protection. This provides software and services to home services companies, and, through these relationships, gains unique and early access to homebuyersa high volume of customers.

Utilities partnerships, where we partner with large electric and homeowners, assists homebuyersgas utilities to provide a variety of services to their customers, include targeted and homeowners withfull-home warranties.

Core Differentiation
Our strategy is led by differentiation, which stems from our unique property data. Developing and enhancing vertical SaaS products is critical services such as insuranceto unlocking this data and moving, and, in turn, Porch’s platform drives demand for other services from such companies as part of our value proposition. Porch has three types of customers: (1) home services companies, such as home inspectors, for whom Porch provides software and services and who provide introductionsgaining early access to homebuyers and homeowners; (2) consumers such as homebuyers and homeowners, whom Porch assists with the comparison and provision of various criticalto cross-sell key home services, such as insurance, warranty, moving security, TV/internet, and home repairother services for consumers to protect and improvement;maintain their home.
There are three key areas where Porch has differentiation which is core to the strategy - we provide a leading suite of services for homebuyers, led by advantaged underwriting in insurance, to protect the whole home:
Advantaged Underwriting
With insights into a majority of U.S. homebuyers, we are able to use our unique insights to better model underwriting risk and (3) service providers, suchprice policies appropriately. This is a win-win, as insurance carriers, moving companies, security companiesit benefits us and TV/internet providers, who pay Porch for new customer sign-ups.

our customers.

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Graphic

Software andBest Services for Home Services CompaniesHomebuyers

Porch’s platform provides home services companies

We know when homebuyers are moving approximately six weeks before they move due to our unique early access. Therefore, we have the ability to cross-sell a variety of products at the time they are most needed. The consumer will engage with software and serviceseither the Porch app or our concierge service to help them grow their business and provide a better experience for their customers. This value proposition can be divided into three components.

First, Porch offers leading vertical-specific software that includes a wide range of functionality required by home services companies like home inspectors, roofers, and moving services providers to run a better business. These software solutions provide a wide range of functionality including configurable dashboards, calendars and scheduling, online booking, payment processing, dispatch and routing optimization, customer relations and communications, flexible reporting, industry integrations, reporting writing, quoting and more. Companies use this software for their customers and transactions, managing their employees and tracking their partners. The depth of functionality varies among industry-specific products. Because this software is usedreceive support in so many aspects of day-to-day management by home services companies such as home inspectors, Porch sees very low attrition rates among our software customer base.

Second, Porch offers a Moving Concierge service that home services companies can provide to their end customers in order to improve the moving and home improvement experience. Instead of the relationship ending once the initial service is complete, home inspectors, moving companies, utilities, home warranty companies, and others can provide Porch’s Moving Concierge to assist an end customer with the remainingvarious aspects of their move, and, going forward, with ongoing home maintenance. Each Moving Concierge client is provided with a self-service dashboard through which they can manage their moving “to do” list. A Porch Moving Concierge representative will also contact the client to talk about their home inspection, answer questions, collect a review for the company, and chart out all upcoming services with which Porch can assist. Instead of selling customer data as leads, Porch helps the end customer compare prices and make decisions about critical services such as insurance, (Porch iswarranty, and moving services, utilities, television, internet, and security, including comparing reviews and prices for different providers.

About two years ago, our Insurance segment started to use the unique property data to create a licensed nationwide insurance agency (“EIG”) that underwrites policiespricing advantage for home, auto, floodwell-maintained homes and umbrella coverage), moving, security,create adverse selection for poorly maintained homes. We have made steady progress unlocking inspection data state-by-state and TV/internet. This experience creates a positive end customer experience that can benefit the home services company.

Third, Porch can help home service companies to grow their business through new customer acquisition. Porch does this through its various digital and concierge experiences and marketing solutions.insight-by-insight.

Whole Home services companies can pay for Porch’s software and certain modules with B2B SaaS fees. They also have the ability to access Porch’s core software suite for free if theyProtection
We provide Porch with access and introductions to their end customers by providing each with Porch’s Moving Concierge experience. This allows Porch to generate business-to-business-to-customer (“B2B2C”) transaction

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revenues by offering high value services to end customers. The combination of this value proposition is compelling. This allows Porch to achieve a very strong home services company lifetime value to acquisition cost ratio.

Consumer Services

Porch connects consumers with whole home services companies nationwide and offers a full range of products and services where homeowners can, among other things: (i) compare and buyprotection through offering home insurance, policies (alonghome warranty for everyday breakdowns, and a home app to provide appliance recall check monitoring. We can be there for the whole home journey, from move-in to move-out, with auto, flood and umbrella policies) with competitive rates and coverage; (ii) arrange for a variety of servicesproducts designed to make sure our consumers’ largest assets are protected.

Industry Trends
In 2023, 4.1 million1 existing homes and 0.7 million2 newly constructed homes were sold in connectionthe U.S. Through our relationships with their move, from labor to load or unload a truck to full-service, long-distance moving services; (iii) discover and installapproximately 30 thousand companies that support consumers through the home automation and security systems; (iv) compare internet and television options for their new home; (v) book small handyman jobs at fixed, upfront prices with guaranteed quality; and (vi) compare bids from home improvement professionals who can complete bigger jobs.

Porch focuses on the move stage of the homeowner’s journey given the concentration of high value services that are purchased during this time. During the move, Porch assists the customer with services via its Moving Concierge and moving dashboard experience. For example, after helping the consumer quickly compare a large set of options for homeowner’s insurance for the new home, Porch will bind coverage as a licensed insurance agent and connect it back to the homebuyer’s mortgage. Additionally, Porch can highlight a variety of options and pricing for any type of move, including truck, storage and labor booking. For TV and Internet service, Porch provides the consumer a wide variety of rates, options and promotions for all major TV and Internet providers in their area and activates service directly for the consumer. Accordingtransaction, we have insights to a survey conducted by Article and OnePoll, moving was the second most stressful high-stress moment in a consumer’s life (behind only loss of a job), and across eachmajority of these services, Porch helpshomebuyers. In 2023, the consumer quickly and easily selectU.S. housing market continued to be impacted by the right products for them.

After the move, Porch provides consumers with tools and resources to help them find local professionals to complete most types of home maintenance, repair and improvement projects. Homeowners simply submit a project request on the Porch website, and Porch matches the homeowner with local professionalsincrease in their area who have the skills to do the job. Porch then sends the homeowner contact details about the service professionals they have been matched with, so the homeowner can select the right person or company for the job. Professionals can create profiles on Porch.com, but we also partner with both large service provider companies as well as large networks of service providers. This enables Porch to offer consumers various high-quality options without having to build a large sales force or operate as a standalone marketplace.

interest rates, in

Our Industry1

The home is foundational to the American experience. According to data from the National Association of Realtors, and theExisting Home Sales, December 2023

2 U.S. Census Bureau, there were 5.64 million existing homes sold and approximately 815,000 newly constructed homes sold in the United States in 20203. There are millions of home services companies, most of which are small businesses operating in fragmented markets, according to the U.S. Small Business Administration Office of Advocacy. For consumers, moving and maintenance can be full of pitfalls and headaches. Porch seeks to simplify the home by providing software and services to home services companies and connecting homeowners to high-quality services throughout the home lifecycle. In doing so, Porch conducts its business across a broad total addressable market (“TAM”), consisting of moving services, property and casualty (“P&C”) insurance and contractor services, with an estimated total value of approximately $320 billion4. This TAM is based on the products Porch offers today, with ample opportunity for expansion of Porch’s addressable market.

Moving Services

Porch provides three primary moving services that support homeowners during the moving process: direct moving services, security installations and TV/internet installations. Based on U.S. Census Bureau data and Porch management estimates, Porch believes the overall addressable opportunity for Porch in these three service offerings in the U.S. to be

3 National Association of Relators 2020 report.

4 National Association of Relators 2020 report.

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Monthly New Residential Sales, December 2023

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approximately $4 billion. This estimate assumes that of the approximately 6 million annual

crease in home sales approximately 20% will resultprices and general economic uncertainty which resulted in a home security purchase (according to19% decrease in industry estimates), which at approximately $1,100 per sale results in a $1.3 billion security installation TAM. The TV/internet installation TAM assumes all homebuyers will get some combination of TV and Internet service as an average commission per household of $114. This also assumes each home sale results in one move and that Porch can receive $314 net commission per move (which is a mix between full service moves and labor only moves), thereby creating a $1.9 billion moving service TAM. Porch bases these net commission assumptions on a review of existing customer purchasing patterns and revenue contributions.

Property and Casualty (P&C) Insurance

Through its wholly-owned licensed insurance agency, Elite Insurance Group, Porch serves customers in the P&C home, auto, flood, and umbrella insurance market. In addition, as discussed more fully under “— Our Strategies for Growth — Insurance Expansion,” Porch recently entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Homeowners of America Holding Corporation (“HOA”), a leading property and casualty insurance company focused on products in the residential homeowner space which, if completed, would result in Porch owning a managing general agent (“MGA”) and an insurance carrier, thereby significantly expanding Porch’s revenue from insurance sales. Based on U.S. home insurance annual revenues of $105B plus U.S. auto insurance annual revenues of $288B multiplied by a 20% commission, Porch believes the P&C home and auto insurance TAM is approximately $163 billion.5

Contractor Services

Contractor services is another large portion of Porch’s TAM with an estimated size of approximately $140 billion. This estimate is based on GM Insights’ $460 billion valuation of the home improvement market in 2018 and assumes 50% of projects are fully managed and coordinated by Porch with a 45% take rate ($104 billion managed services TAM) and 50% of projects are referred to third parties without any coordination by Porch for a 15% referral fee ($34 billion referral services TAM). The assumptions surrounding the percentage split between managed and outsourced projects, gross margins, and referral fees are based on Porch’s historical experience.

Mover Marketing

Mover Marketing represents Porch’s opportunity to sell marketing technology and services that help advertisers retain existing customers and attract new customers at key moments in time, such as during the homebuying process. Porch estimates this TAM in the U.S. as $8B based on 6 million homebuyers annually spending an average $9,000 during the first 3 to 6 months of the move6, and of this $54B in spend, Porch estimates that 15% will be spent on marketing to these consumers based on what it has observed in the industries it serves.

Trends and Growth in the Housing and Home Maintenance Sectors

Increasing Home Sales

As a home services platform that provides ERP and CRM software to approximately 11,000 inspection, moving and home services companies, Porch’s revenue is linked to existing home sales which, accordingvolumes compared to the National Association2022.

We primarily focus on movers, where we have unique competitive advantages due to our data insights with this pool of Home Builders, were atcustomers. We consider this a 13-year high as of February 2020. COVID-19 significantly impacted Porch’s home inspection volumes in March and April of 2020, but by June, Porch’s volume had fully recovered to 2019 levels. Continued strong home sales are supported by historically low 30-year fixed mortgage rates and the behavior of homeowners to move and change homes. America is a mobile country, with the average American homeowner moving once every 13 years, according to the National Association of Realtors. Research from the National Association of Realtors shows several reasons for Americans moving, with the most frequent reasons being to find a new or better home, to start or transfer jobs or to establish a new family home for the first time.

5 According to IBISWorld 2020 full year data, U.S. home insurance annual revenues totaled $105 billion and U.S. auto insurance annual revenues totaled $288 billion.

6 Epsilon 2012 New Mover Report.

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Buying a Home and Moving is Becoming More Complex

Moving is considered one of the most stressful life events. The list of decisions a buyer needs to make begin with the qualities and attributes of the new home. There is a growing list of factors that go into choosing a home, including, but not limited to, home affordability, safety,higher quality of schools and proximity to parks, recreational facilities, health centers and outdoor space. When purchasers do find the right home, they might face a competitive process where their bid is ultimately rejected. Once their bid is accepted, home buyers have to manage home inspections and finalize their mortgage by meeting lender requirements.

With the house purchase offer accepted, homebuyers then must deal with the complexity of and logistics of moving. Pre-move considerations include but are not limited to researching moving services, visiting new communities, booking rentals, reserving storage units, coordinating with movers on packing, transferring utilities, home cleaning, completing a change of address, purchasing home insurance, and purchasing a home warranty. Within the moving company market alone, according to the American Moving and Storage Association, there are over 7,000 companies in over 13,900 locations to choose from. Post-move considerations include but are not limited to unpacking, cleaning the new house, scheduling essential home improvements listed in the inspection report, changing locks, transferring medical records, registering vehicles, purchasing internet and setting up a security system. All of these considerations make moving a stressful and tenuous process.

Porch helps make the move simple through its Moving Concierge and related services. Homebuyers can use Porch’s self-service dashboard to compare prices for movers, provision move-related services, and manage their moving checklist. Customers are also offered a wide variety of home services. Ultimately, Porch makes moving less stressful.

Increasing Home Improvement Spending

After helping consumers with their move, Porch continues to say in touch with the movers to help with home maintenance and improvement projects. The continued growth of the home improvement spending market will have a substantial impact on Porch’s future revenues.

According to the Home Improvement Research Institute, total home improvement spending in 2019 was approximately $405 billion and grew to just short of $440 billion in 2020. Despite COVID-19, there is a strong positive economic outlook. At the federal level, the fiscal stimulus from the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2019 is expected to help drive growth through 2021. According to recently published data from the Home Improvement Research Institute, the housing and home improvement market is forecasted to return to 2019 levels by the end of 2021. By 2022, home improvement sales are projected to pass $460 billion per year.

Outsourcing of Specialized Home Improvement Projects

According to iPropertyManagement, four out of five homeowners hire a professional or licensed specialist to assist on typical home projects such as window replacements, roof repairs, heating, ventilation and air conditioning installations, and others, and 87% of home renovations utilized a service professional in 2018. Porch helps make finding these professionals easy and offers transparent pricing.

Digitalization of Home Services

According to Technavio, online on-demand home services are expected to grow at a compounded annual growth rate of over 50% from 2020 to 2024. Driving this trend is the digitally minded millennial generation that is entering the home ownership market and hiring home services professionals online. Home service professionals experiencing the benefits and scalability of connecting and engaging with consumers online, including reaching wider or targeted audiences, improving conversion rates, reducing acquisition costs, and tracking performance of marketing investments, are expected to invest more into digital offerings over time.

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Our Competitive Strengths

Leading ERP and CRM Software with Approximately 11,000 Contracted Companies in a Diverse Set of Industries

Porch owns several leading ERP and CRM software platform brands including ISN™ for home inspectors and HireAHelper™ for moving companies. Porch provides software to approximately 11,000 companies across a number of home services verticals utilizing its various software brands.

Early Access to Demand

Porch’s early access to homebuyers allows Porch to be among the first service providers to reach out to consumers and to assist them in their moving journey prior to completing many large purchasing decisions. Home services companies have the option to opt into Porch’s customer access model and receive Porch’s software for free in exchange for access rights to their customers, thereby allowing Porch to market and offer services to these customers up to six (6) weeks in advance of their move. Porch’s customer access model represents an extremely valuable marketing tool and customer acquisition platform for home services providers, whocohort because it typically rely on a change of address request that occurs near the end of the moving journey to reach out to homebuyers.

Of all of the verticals Porch operates in, the largest is the home inspection industry. Porch’s ERP and CRM software for home inspectors, is the software of choice for over 6,000 inspection companies, including most of the largest inspection companies in the U.S. These inspection companies complete over a quarter of all U.S. home inspections through Porch’s ISN™ software. Through research and development, Porch continues to invest in and strengthen the software advantage of ISN™. Moreover, Porch expects to increase the percentage of U.S. homebuyers available through its customer access model by expanding sales efforts of ISN™ and other software, and by completing acquisitions of software and service companies in the home services sector.

Porch’s other portfolio brands, including HireAHelper™ and Kandela™ also provide Porch access to customers. HireAHelper™ offers third party moving services by matching homeowners with local movers, trucks and storage containers, in addition to providing CRM software for moving companies. Kandela™ offers a leading moving concierge product for utility customers in the U.S., helping hundreds of thousands of movers through its exclusive partnerships with utilities. These brands generate incremental customer access and provide services to consumers, augmenting Porch’s competitive advantage across a broader array of home services.

Innovative Customer Access Pricing Model

Porch’s customer access model, whereby software customers utilize Porch’s software for free in exchange for providing access rights to their customers, reduces competition from traditional software providers that charge a fee and rely on that revenue to sustain their businesses. In addition to obtaining the software for free, inspection companies report higher net promoter scores after enrolling in Porch’s customer access model as Porch drives improved customer satisfaction through its concierge service at a critical time of need. As a result, ISN™ benefits from high retention rates among software customers.

Proprietary Data and Analytics

Through the services it offers, Porch has amassed a trove of proprietary data on homebuyers and their homes. Using this data, Porch intends to accelerate its investment in data science and analytics to provide more suitable services to homebuyers and improve service provider marketing opportunities. For example, Porch believes that its data could help improve Porch’s ability to predict a variety of events, including the timing and likelihood of specific purchase decisions around the home, a mover’s likelihood of switching insurance carriers or the likelihood and severity of home insurance and home warranty claims. V12, a Porch business provides software and of data solutions to help brands and SMBS acquire new customers and improve their marketing, leveraging our own proprietary mover data.

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Strong Management Team with Extensive Merger and Acquisition Experience

Porch’s management team has significant merger and acquisition and integration experience obtained through over a hundred merger and acquisition transactions between the CEO, CFO and head of corporate development during their employment at previous companies. Porch has a strong track record of driving significant value creation from acquisitions to date. In less than 3 years after acquiring ISN™, Porch management had increased ISN’s revenues by five (5x) times. In less than 18 months after acquiring HireAHelper™, Porch had doubled its revenues. More recently, Porch announced acquisitions of V12, PalmTech, and iRoofing, as well as the signing of Homeowners of America which is expected to close in Q2 2021. Porch intends to leverage its acquisition experience by continuing to selectively pursue strategic SaaS acquisitions that strengthen Porch’s unique access to demand.

Comprehensive Service Offering

Porch offers a unique breadth and depth of home services that span the entire homeownership experience from the move to ongoing maintenance. Not only is Porch able to help a consumer with the services they need at any point in their journey with their home, but also by going deeper into select services such as insurance, moving, and handyman services for example, Porch is able to improve the consumer experience and capture morelong lifetime value. This ability to create value from consumers allows Porch to offer a unique and strong value proposition to companies who provide Porch access to their customers. Because we are able to drive value to the companies that use our products and services, we are more easily able to attract new business partners and invest in product development and customer support to ensure we sustain out competitive advantage.

Our Strategies for Growth

Porch plans to achieve its strategic plan by driving organic growth and executing attractive acquisition opportunities. Porch intends to continue focusing on growth that will positively impact long-term shareholder value through the following strategies:

Sell More Software and Gain Access to More Homebuyers

Porch’s software for home inspectors and other industries not only generates strong B2B SaaS revenues, it is also a valuable and low-cost customer acquisition tool that drives growth through expanded homebuyer access. Porch intends to expand its B2B SaaS fees and homeowner access by:

Increasing the number of software customers organically through expanded sales and marketing efforts and inorganically through SaaS acquisitions. See Selectively Pursue Strategic SaaS Acquisitions below.
Upsell into these software customers additional SaaS modules for B2B SaaS fees.
Continue to realize low churn rates of software customers, while increasing B2B SaaS fees as Porch helps these companies grow.
Increasing thepercent of software customers that grant access rights to their consumers. Porch has been steadily converting more of its software customers to this option by explaining its benefits, which include increased net promoter scores for inspectors that adopt the customer access model, to inspectors during Porchs software training program.

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Increase Revenue per Homebuyer

Porch intends to capitalize on its expanded homebuyer access by increasing the revenue generated from each homebuyer. Porch believes it is currently capturing approximately 1% of the $2,300 estimated potential revenue opportunity per homebuyer7 and believes that it can increase this percentage by:

Improving the digital shopping experience for consumers who prefer to purchase online.
Increasing thepercent of individuals with access rights that are called, contacted, and engaged by Porchs Moving Concierge call center team.
Make available additional high-margin services for these homebuyers, such as electricity setup, warranty, and solar installation.
Improving conversion and take rates of both existing and new services by offering more competitive quotes per service so that customers do not find a better price elsewhere and more services so that customers do not need to leave the Porch ecosystem.
Generating more revenue from certain services by handling more of the experience for the consumer, such as what Porch is doing in the insurance industry with its acquisition of HOA.

Mover Marketing

Today, companies of all shapes and sizes advertise to movers through direct mail after the consumers have moved into their new home and change their address with the United States Postal Service. Through Porch’s early access to homebuyers, Porch can help homebuyers obtain earlier access to discounts and promotions that are typically made available to movers, while helping these brands and advertisers send direct mail to consumers in advance of their move.

On January 12, 2021, the Company acquired DataMentors Holdings, LLC d/b/a V12 Data (“V12 Data”), a leading consumer data and analytics platform with a focus on household and mover insights, data management and marketing activation, in a cash transaction for a total purchase price of $22 million payable at closing, subject to customary adjustments, plus up to $6 million of contingent purchase price payments based upon the financial performance of V12 Data during the 2021 and 2022 calendar years. In addition, the Company has agreed to provide a retention pool under the 2020 Porch Group Inc. Stock Incentive Plan of up to 100,000 shares of restricted Common Stock to retain key employees of V12 Data and contingent compensation (subject to the achievement of certain post-closing milestones) of up to an additional $6 million in cash or shares of Common Stock (at the Company’s election) to certain key employees of V12 Data. The V12 Data acquisition is expected to provide Porch with full-spectrum, enterprise-grade capabilities to capture the unique-to-the-market pre-mover marketing opportunity.

Insurance Expansion in 2021

Elite Insurance Group, Porch’s wholly owned subsidiary, is an insurance agent that is currently licensed in all 50 states. Porch intends to expand from an insurance agency to an MGA by acquiring one or more MGAs. Becoming an MGA would allow Porch to capitalize on the underwriting advantage provided by its unique insights into properties and homebuyers. The MGA structure would allow Porch to obtain higher commissions and participate in the upside of selecting good risks with lower claims. Additional potential growth opportunities for Porch’s insurance business include adding more insurance carriers as partners in certain regions of the country and adding state licenses for certain in-house insurance agents.

7Based on Porch estimated value of potential insurance sales, security system installations, TV/internet installations, utility activation, moving services, warranty products, inspection repairs, marketing revenues and certain other services and products and Porch estimates of the frequency with which such products are purchased by homebuyers.

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On January 13, 2021, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Homeowners of America Holding Corporation (“HOA”), a leading property and casualty insurance company focused on products in the residential homeowner space, in a cash and stock transaction with consideration consisting of (i) $100,000,000, as adjusted in accordance with the terms of the definitive agreement, of which up to $25,000,000 may be payable in Common Stock at the election of the Company (the “Stock Election”), (ii) 500,000 additional shares of Common Stock subject to the trading price of Common Stock exceeding $22.50 for twenty (20) out of thirty (30) consecutive trading days in the two (2) year period following the consummation of the HOA acquisition and (iii) a retention pool under the 2020 Porch Group, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan of shares of restricted Common Stock in an amount equal to $510,000 and up to 100,000 options for acquisition of Common Stock to retain key employees of HOA, in each case upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the definitive agreement. The HOA acquisition is subject to state insurance regulatory approval and customary closing conditions. The HOA acquisition is expected to close in the second quarter of 2021. HOA is a MGA and carrier hybrid with a strong reinsurance strategy that currently operates in six states. The HOA acquisition is expected to enable Porch to offer its own line of homeowner’s insurance alongside its existing insurance agency which partners with many other top carriers and provide consumers with flexibility and choice.

Expand into New Home Service Verticals

There are opportunities for Porch to expand organically and via mergers and acquisitions to provide software and services to additional home service verticals. In addition to the HOA and V12 Data acquisitions, Porch plans to identify and close several accretive acquisitions that expand the number of home services companies that Porch supports and increases Porch’s access to unique demand and data. As an example, the recent acquisition of iRoofing brings Porch into the roofing software market where it can help these contractors grow and improve the experience to their customers (such as by saving money on insurance once a new roof is installed). Porch has an extensive pipeline of additional acquisition targets across the home services SaaS, insurance, moving, and home technology sectors. Management maintains active discussions with potential suitable targets.

Geographic Expansion

Porch currently conducts the vast majority of its business in the United States and a small portion in Canada. While Porch expects to remain focused on the U.S. market for the next several years, in the future Porch anticipates expanding internationally into Europe, Australia, and other markets where the home sales market operates similarly to the U.S. Within the United States, Porch operates nationwide and has opportunity to expand is insurance operations and offerings across many U.S. markets.

Revenue

Porch generates revenue in three (3) ways: (i) recurring SaaS fees that companies pay us for our software and services, (ii) reoccurring B2B2C transaction revenues for move-related services, and (iii) reoccurring B2B2C and business-to-consumer (“B2C”) transaction revenues from post-move related services.

Companies which use Porch’s software and services have the option to pay Porch with SaaS fees or customer access at which time Porch generates revenue via B2B2C transactions. Because Porch gets full access to a complete base of homeowners from a company, this customer access payment method is more attractive to Porch and such companies are worth an average of six (6x) times more to Porch than SaaS fees.8

B2B2C transaction revenues for move-related services include the LTV of commissions Porch receives from insurance carriers for each new sale to a policyholder which are paid in the first year and each subsequent year that the policyholder renews, and bounties related to the sale of moving service, security, or TV/Internet service. B2B2C transaction revenues for post-move related services includes per lead, per appointment and per job fees paid by contractors and partners for customer demand.

8 Based on internal Porch calculation comparing SaaS fee from per inspection from paying subscribers and Porch estimate of total revenue generated per inspection from access subscribers in 2019.

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Revenue for Porch generally follows seasonality of both existing home sales and home projects, with more revenue concentrated in the second and third quarters rather than the first and fourth quarters.

Sales and Marketing

We sell our software and services to companies using a variety of sales and marketing tactics. We have teams of inside sales representatives organized by vertical market who engaged directly with companies. We have enterprise sales teams which target the large named accounts in each of our vertical markets. These teams are supported by a variety of typical software marketing tactics, including both digital, in-person (such as trade shows and other events) and content marketing. Porch has been very successful at partnering with key companies in our vertical markets who have aided in sales and adoption.

For consumers, Porch largely relies on our unique and proprietary relationships with the approximately 11,000 companies using Porch’s software to provide the company with end customer access and introductions. Porch then utilizes technology, lifecycle marketing and teams in lower cost locations to operate as a Moving Concierge to assist these consumers with services. Porch has invested in limited direct-to-consumer marketing capabilities, but expects to become more advanced over time with capabilities such as digital and social retargeting.

Technology

Porch has invested significantly for many years in engineering, product, and design in order to build out our platform. We operate a modern technology stack that allows for rapid development and deployment as well as integrations. Each of our business units develops its own technology to support its products and services, leveraging both open-source and vendor supported software technology. Each of our various brands and businesses has dedicated engineering teams responsible for software development and the creation of new features to support our products and services across a full range of devices (desktop, mobile web and native mobile applications). Our engineering teams use an agile development process that allows us to deploy frequent iterative product and feature releases.

Competition

The home services industry is highly competitive, fragmented, and localized. We compete with, among others: (i) vertical software companies in our markets, (ii) companies who provide or help consumers purchase homeowners insurance, home warranty, moving, and other home services, (iii) search engines andor online directoriesmarketplaces for all types of home services with which we assist consumers, with, (ii) other vertical software companies in our markets, (iii) companies who help consumers purchase insurance, moving, and other home services, and (iv) other companies which help consumers to make managing and maintaining their homes simple. We believe that our largest competition comes from the wide variety of companies focused on reaching consumers for the purpose of helpingto help with key high-value services such as insurance.


Strategic Pillars
Our strategy is to provide the best services for homebuyers, led by advantaged underwriting in insurance, moving, TV/Internetto protect the whole home.
We intend to continue focusing on growth that will positively impact long-term shareholder value through the following strategic pillars.
Execute Insurance Strategy
This strategy includes our continued focus on profitable growth, including increasing premium per policy, non-renewing higher risk policies, and other such services, as well as numerous traditional digitalunderwriting actions. In addition, we will also continue to roll out our unique data factor-by-factor and non-digital service providers.

We believestate-by-state.

Launch the Porch Insurance Reciprocal Exchange
On March 20, 2023, we filed an application to form and license a Texas reciprocal exchange (the “Reciprocal”) with the Texas Department of Insurance (“TDI”). If approved by the TDI, our insurance underwriting business will be conducted through the Reciprocal. The Reciprocal is expected to have several benefits to Porch Group, including mitigating our exposures to claims, seasonality, and catastrophic weather, access to additional forms of capital to support growth in insurance premiums, and higher margins. If the Reciprocal is approved, launching the Reciprocal would entail the sale of our wholly owned insurance carrier to the member-owned reciprocal exchange and thereafter we would expect to receive a percentage of gross written premium in exchange for originating policies and managing the exchange. For more information, see the “Reciprocal Exchange” subsection in the “Recent Developments” section of “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this Annual Report and the risk factor, “There can be no assurance that our abilityplanned formation of a reciprocal exchange will receive regulatory approval, and if obtained, that the approval would be based on terms as proposed or subject to compete successfully will depend primarily upon the following factors:

the size, quality, diversity and stability of the large number of companies utilizing Porch’s software and services who give Porch early and proprietary access to homebuyers before competitors are aware;
our ability to consistently generate home services fees and revenues through our access to homebuyers and homeowners in a cost-effective manner;
our ability to increasingly engage with consumers directly through our platforms (rather than through search engine marketing or search engine referrals);
the functionality of our software and services, websites and mobile applications and the attractiveness of their features and our products and services generally to home services companies and consumers, as well as our continued ability to introduce new products and services that resonate with consumers and service professionals generally;

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our ability to continue to build trust in and loyalty to, our various brands, particularly Porch.com, ISN, HireAHelper, V12, iRoofing and Elite Insurance Group; and
the ability for us to continue to expand our platform organically and inorganically into other vertical markets and select services.

Intellectual Property

We regard our intellectual property rights as critical to our success generally, with our trademarks, service marks and domain names being especially criticaladditional requirements that may not be acceptable to the continued development and awarenessCompany,” in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this Annual Report.

Grow SaaS Businesses
We plan to continue increasing utilization of our brandsSaaS products and our marketing efforts.

improving conversion and expect to launch new products to meet the needs of the individual companies we work with and consumers, while providing margin expansion opportunities and therefore driving profitability.

Organizational Efficiency
We protect our intellectual property rights through a combination of trademarks, trade dress, domain name registrations,will control costs, mature systems, and trade secrets, as well as through contractual restrictions and reliance on federal, state and common law. We enter into confidentiality and proprietary rights agreements with employees, consultants, contractors and business partners, and employees and contractors are also subject to invention assignment provisions.

We have several registered trademarks in the United States (the most significant of which relate to our Porch™, ISN™ and HireAHelper™ brands), as well as other trademarks in Canada and Europe. We have also registered a variety of domestic and international domain names, the most significant of which relate to our Porch brand.

optimize capital allocation.


Government Regulation

General
We are subject to laws and regulations that affect companies conducting business on the Internet generally and through mobile applications, including laws relating to the liability of providers of online services for their operations and the activities of their users. As a result, we could be subject to claims based on negligence, unfair business practices, various torts and trademark and copyright infringement, among other actions.

In addition, because

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As we receive, transmit, store and use a substantial amount of information received from or generated by consumers and service professionals, we are also impacted by state laws and regulations governing privacy, the storage, sharing, use, processing, disclosure and protection of personal data and data breaches.

We These regulations are particularlyoften complex and subject to varying interpretations, in many cases due to their lack of specificity, and, as a result, their application in practice may change or develop over time through judicial decisions or as new guidance or interpretations are provided by regulatory and governing bodies, such as federal, state and local administrative agencies. For example, California passed a comprehensive data privacy law, the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 and the California Privacy Rights Act (“CPRA”), and other states including Virginia, Colorado, Utah, and Connecticut have also passed similar laws. These laws impose data protection obligations on covered businesses, including consumer rights procedures and obligations, limitations on data uses, audit requirements for higher risk data, and constraints on certain uses of sensitive to laws and regulations that adversely impact the popularity or growth in the usedata. The majority of the Internet and/or online products and services generally, restrict or otherwise unfavorably impact the ability or manner in which we provide our products and services, regulate the practices of third parties upon which we rely to provide our products and services and undermine open and neutrally administered Internet access. To the extent our businesses are required to implement new measures and/or make changes to our products and services to ensure compliance, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. Compliance with this legislation or similar or more stringent legislation in other jurisdictions could be costly, and the failure to comply could result in service interruptions and negative publicity, any or all of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, in December 2017, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”) adopted an order reversing net neutrality protections in the United States, including the repeal of specific rules against blocking, throttling or “paid prioritization” of content or services by Internet service providers. To the extent Internet service providers take such actions, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

CPRA provisions were effective January 1, 2023.

We are also subject to laws governing marketing and advertising activities conducted by/through telephone, e-mail, mobile devices and the Internet, including the TCPA,Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 (“TCPA”), the Telemarketing Sales Rule (“TSR”), the CAN-SPAM Act, Section 5 of the FTCFederal Trade Commission Act and similar state laws, as well as federal, state, and local laws and agency guidelines governing background screening.

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We are also subject to certain laws and regulations with regard to the real estate settlement process, including the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act regulated by the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, which, among other matters, prohibits certain practices, such as kickbacks, referrals, and unearned fees for the referral of real estate settlement services.
Furthermore, our moving services business is subject to various federal, state and local agencies that exercise broad regulatory powers over the moving industry, generally governing such activities as operations of and authorization to engage in transportation, insurance requirements, and licensing.
Additionally, as we expand into the insurance business, which is highly regulated, we must comply with and maintain various licenses and approvals with individual state departments of insurance, and we are subject to state governmental regulation and supervision.
Insurance
State Regulation
Our insurance business is subject to extensive regulation, primarily at the state level. The method, extent, and substance of such regulation varies by state but generally has its source in National Association of Insurance Commissioners ("NAIC") model laws and regulations that establish standards and requirements for conducting the business of insurance and may be adopted by each state regulatory agency.
Moreover, the NAIC Accreditation Program requires state regulatory agencies to meet baseline standards of solvency regulation, particularly with respect to regulation of multi-state insurers. In general, such regulation is intended for the protection of those who purchase or use our insurance products, and not our shareholders. These rules have a substantial effect on our business and relate to a wide variety of matters including: insurance company licensing and examination; the licensing of insurance agents and adjusters; price setting or premium rates; underwriting rules and restrictions; trade practices; approval of policy forms; claims practices; restrictions on transactions between our subsidiaries and their affiliates, including the payment of dividends; investments; underwriting standards; advertising and marketing practices; capital adequacy; and the collection, remittance and reporting of certain taxes, licenses and fees.
Insurance Holding Company Regulation
Nearly all states have adopted the Model Insurance Holding Company System Regulation Act and Regulation as amended by the NAIC in December 2010 (the “Amended Model Act”). As part of an insurance holding company system, Homeowners of America Insurance Company (“HOAIC”), our insurance carrier, is required to register with the Texas Department of Insurance (the insurance supervisory agency of HOAIC’s state of domicile) and furnish information concerning the operations of companies within the holding company system that may materially affect the operations, management or financial condition of the insurers within the system. Under these laws, the respective state insurance departments may examine us at any time, require disclosure of material transactions and require prior notice of or approval for certain transactions. All transactions within a holding company system affecting an insurer must have fair and reasonable terms and are subject to other standards and requirements established by law and regulation.
Financial Solvency Ratios
The NAIC annually calculates 13 financial ratios to assist state insurance regulators in monitoring the financial condition of insurance companies. A “usual range” of results for each of these ratios is used by insurance regulators as a benchmark. Departure from the usual range on four or more of the ratios could lead to inquiries from individual state insurance

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Employees

departments as to certain aspects of a company's business. In addition to the financial ratios, states also require us to calculate a minimum capital requirement for each of our insurance companies based on individual company insurance risk factors. These “risk-based capital” results are used by state insurance regulators to identify companies that require regulatory attention or the initiation of regulatory action.
Restrictions on Shareholder Dividends
Our core valuesinsurance carrier’s capacity to pay dividends to shareholders is limited. Insurance companies must provide advance informational notice to the domicile state insurance regulatory authority prior to payment of any dividend or distribution to its shareholders. Prior approval from the state insurance regulatory authority must be obtained before payment of an “extraordinary dividend” as defined under the state's insurance code. The amount of ordinary dividends that may be paid is subject to certain limitations, the amounts of which change each year.
Price Regulation
Nearly all states have insurance laws requiring our carrier to file rate schedules, policy or coverage forms, and other information within the state's regulatory authority. In certain states, rate schedules, policy forms, or both, must be approved prior to use. While insurance laws vary from state to state, their objectives are foundationalgenerally the same: an insurance rate cannot be excessive, inadequate, or unfairly discriminatory. The speed with which we can change our rates in response to Porch. competition or in response to increasing costs depends, in part, on the willingness of state regulators to allow adequate rates for the business we write.
Insurance Reserves
State insurance laws require that insurance companies analyze the adequacy of their reserves annually. Our appointed actuaries must submit an opinion that our statutory reserves are adequate to meet policy claims-paying obligations and related expenses.
Exiting Geographic Markets; Canceling and Non-Renewing Policies
Most states regulate our carrier’s ability to exit a market. For example, states limit, to varying degrees, our ability to cancel and non-renew insurance policies. Some states prohibit us from withdrawing one or more types of insurance business from the state, except upon prior regulatory approval. Regulations that limit policy cancellation and non-renewal may restrict our ability to exit unprofitable markets.
Investment Regulation
Our insurance business is subject to various state regulations requiring investment portfolio diversification and limiting the concentration of investments we may maintain in certain asset categories. Failure to comply with these regulations leads to the treatment of nonconforming investments as non-admitted assets for purposes of measuring statutory surplus. Further, in some instances, state regulations require us to sell certain nonconforming investments.
Insurance Guaranty Associations
Each state has insurance guaranty association laws. Membership in a state's insurance guaranty association is generally mandatory for insurers wishing to do business in that state. Under these laws, associations may assess their members for certain obligations that insolvent insurance companies have incurred with regard to their policyholders and claimants.
Typically, states assess each solvent association member with an amount related to that member's proportionate share of business written by all association members within the state. Most state guaranty associations allow solvent insurers to recoup the assessments they are charged through future rate increases, surcharges or premium tax credits. However, there is no assurance that we will ultimately recover these assessments. We cannot predict the amount and timing of any future assessments or refunds under these laws.
Shared Market and Joint Underwriting Plans
State insurance regulations often require insurers to participate in assigned risk plans, reinsurance facilities and joint underwriting associations. These are mechanisms that generally provide applicants with various types of basic insurance coverage that may not otherwise be available to them through voluntary markets. Such mechanisms are most commonly instituted for automobile and workers' compensation insurance, but many states also mandate participation in Fair Access to Insurance Requirements Plans or Windstorm Plans, which provide basic property coverage. Participation is based upon the amount of a company's voluntary market share in a particular state for the classes of insurance involved. Policies written through these mechanisms may require different underwriting standards and may pose greater risk than those written through our voluntary application process.
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Statutory Accounting Principles
For public reporting, insurance companies prepare financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). However, state laws require us to calculate and report certain data according to statutory accounting rules as defined in the NAIC Accounting Practices and Procedures Manual. While not a substitute for any GAAP measure of performance, statutory data frequently is used by industry analysts and other recognized reporting sources to facilitate comparisons of the performance of insurance companies.
Federal Regulation
Although the federal government and its regulatory agencies generally do not directly regulate the business of insurance, federal initiatives and legislation often have an impact on our business. These initiatives and legislation include tort reform proposals, proposals addressing natural catastrophe exposures, terrorism risk mechanisms, federal financial services reforms, various tax proposals affecting insurance companies, and possible regulatory limitations, impositions and restrictions arising from the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank”).

Human Capital Management
By staying true to: Noto our core values (No Jerks/No Egos; Solve Each Problem; Be Ambitious; Care Deeply; and Together We Win,Win), we have created a company where good people can do great work and drive shareholder value. These values guide us in everything we do, from individual everyday tasks to high-level strategic planning. They foster a culture of dialogue, collaboration, recognition and a sense of familyrecognition that contributes to our long-term success.

Porch is

We are organized asin a decentralized operating model, which we believe allows our businesses to move quickly and entrepreneurially withleverage a common playbook and infrastructure that benefit from shared best practices as we scale. When we acquire a company, our decentralized operating model helps us managemaintain momentum and entrepreneurial culture while mitigating the costs and risks associated with integration and do not take on that risk.  Weintegration. In most cases, we integrate acquisitions 1) into our (1) central data platform and 2)platform; (2) transactional monetization to drive our B2B2Cbusiness-to-business-to-consumer revenues such as insurance. 

insurance and warranty; and (3) operational systems, such as accounting and payroll.

We engage and empower our team with continued career and learning and development opportunities. Fostering a growth mindset facilitates a culture where all voices are heard and team members can take informed risks, ask questions, and seek creative solutions to tough problems. This approach helps us build a strong bench of leaders for tomorrow’s business challenges.

We are a progressive organization which values environmental, social, and corporate governance (“ESG”) initiatives. Our ESG strategy reflects the relevant issues that are most important to Porch and our stakeholders. We released our initial ESG report in November 2023.
Our diversity, equity, inclusion, and inclusionbelonging efforts are based on the principle that all Porch team members can bring their whole selves to work and thrive. We have a growing Employee Resource Group (ERG) community and a commitment throughout the organization for Porch to be a supportive and inclusive environment.

We pride ourselves on our values-driven culture that fosters employee engagement and creates an attractive home for top talent. We were certified as a Great Place to Work in 2022 and 2023.
As of January 2021, PorchDecember 31, 2023, we had approximately 1,000a total of 895 employees, which includes 864 full-time employeesemployees. We also utilize independent contractors in the U.S. and independent contractors.other countries. We believe that we generally have good relationships with our employees and contractors.

Additional
Available Information

Our main consumer website is www.porch.com, and our corporate and investor relations website is located at www.porchgroup.com. You may access our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) free of charge at www.porchgroup.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Neither the information on these websites, nor the information on the websites of any of our brands and businesses, is incorporated by reference into this Annual Report, or into any other filings with, or into any other information furnished or submitted to, the SEC.

The SEC maintains an internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at http://www.sec.gov

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Item 1A. Risk Factors

The following summary risk factors and other information included in this Annual Report should be carefully considered. The summary risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem less significant may also affect our business operations or financial results. If any of the following risks actually occur, our stock price, business, operating results and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. For more information, see below for more detailed descriptions of each risk factor.

Our brands and businesses operate in an especially competitive and evolving industry.
We rely on our ability to reach homebuyers earlier than our competitors via proprietary relationships with home services companies and other commercial partners. Our competitors could find ways to reach homebuyers earlier than us.
We rely on strategic relationships with third parties to provide us with personal information.
Our future growth is dependent in part on increasing the revenue we generate from homebuyers and consumers we serve through the sale of related services. We may not succeed in these efforts.
We rely on our ability to retain home services companies who use our software and services and our retention rates could be impacted if we are not able to sustain our competitive advantages related to our value proposition.
If the market for SaaS software applications develops more slowly than we expect or declines, our business would be adversely affected.

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Our brands and businesses, including our insurance business, operate in an especially competitive and evolving industry.
Our future growth is dependent in part on our ability to grow our insurance business by limiting attrition and building surplus and increasing our revenue by increasing the number of sales of home-related services per customer and consumer. We may not succeed in these efforts.
The incidence, frequency and severity of weather events, extensive wildfires, and other catastrophes, particularly occurring where Porch has a concentration of homeowners insurance policyholders, or that adversely impact consumer confidence and spending behavior in the industries we serve, could have a material effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
Our insurance business and operations are subject to a variety of uncertainties, including, without limitation, regulatory approval of insurance rates, policy forms, insurance products, license applications, acquisitions of businesses or strategic initiatives, including our planned formation of the reciprocal exchange, and other matters within the purview of insurance regulators.
We rely on strategic, proprietary relationships with third parties to provide us with access to personal data and product information.
We may not be able to protect our systems, technology and infrastructure from cyberattacks and cyberattacks experienced by third parties may adversely affect us.
If personal, confidential, or sensitive user information or property data that we maintain and store is breached or otherwise accessed by unauthorized persons, it may be costly to mitigate, and our reputation could be harmed.
We rely on our ability to reach home services companies’ customers and home service-related consumers earlier than our competitors, and throughout the home buying and homeownership journey.
Our efforts to develop new insurance products, expand in targeted insurance markets, improve business processes and workflows, or make acquisitions may not be successful and may create enhanced risk.
Our brands and businesses are sensitive to general economic events, trends and conditions, including those related to, without limitation, the housing and financial markets, which impacts the demand and costs for a portion of our products and services.
Our businesses, including our insurance business, are subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations, which could limit growth and impose additional costs on us, and we must comply with such laws, regulations and regulatory interpretations and any changes or stricter interpretations of any of the foregoing (whether through private litigation or governmental action).
We may be unable to access the capital markets when needed, which could adversely affect the ability to take advantage of business opportunities as they arise and to fund operations in a cost-effective manner.
We may face negative consequences from the actions and omissions of our service providers, and our terms and conditions may not adequately protect us from claims.
We may fail to adequately protect our intellectual property rights or may be accused of infringing the intellectual property rights of third parties.
Termination of a reinsurance contract due to distress at one of HOA’s reinsurers may expose HOA and the Company to various risks that could materially and adversely affect HOA’s and the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our insurance company subsidiary is dependent on the use of reinsurance. We may change the structure of our reinsurance arrangement in the future, which may impact our overall risk profile and financial and capital condition.
There can be no assurance that our planned formation of a reciprocal exchange will receive regulatory approval, and if obtained, that the approval would be based on terms as proposed or subject to additional requirements that may not be acceptable to the Company.

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Our success depends, in part, on our ability to develop and monetize versions of our products and services for mobile and other digital devices.
Our success will depend, in substantial part, on the continued migration of the home services market online.
Litigation and regulatory actions could distract management, increase our expenses or subject us to material money damages and other remedies.
Our insurance business is subject to state governmental regulation, which could limit the growth of our insurance business and impose additional costs on us.
We face a variety of risks through our expansion into the insurance business.
The business of Elite Insurance Group is commission-based and depends on our relationships with insurance providers with no long-term contractual commitments.
Our business may also be adversely affected by downturns in the home, auto, flood and umbrella insurance industries.
Insurance commission revenue recognition and changes within our insurance business may create a fluctuation of our business results and expose us to additional risks.
Marketing efforts designed to drive traffic to our brands and businesses may not be successful or cost-effective.
Our brands and businesses are sensitive to general economic events or trends, particularly those that adversely impact consumer confidence and spending behavior.
Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to maintain and/or enhance our various brands.
We face risks related to the number of service providers available to consumers on our platform.
If we are unable to deliver effective customer service, it could harm our relationships with our existing home services companies, consumers, service providers and commercial partners and adversely affect our ability to attract new home services companies, consumers, service providers and commercial partners.
We may face negative consequences from the actions and omissions of our service providers, and our terms and conditions may not adequately protect us from claims.
Our marketing efforts are subject to a variety of federal and state regulations.
Our moving services business is subject to state regulations and certain state regulatory structures do not address our business model for moving services. Compliance with required licensure and other regulatory requirements could be costly and any inability to comply could harm our business.
Our primary operating subsidiary may not be qualified to do business in all jurisdictions in which we have sufficient nexus of operations to require qualification.
The global outbreak of COVID-19 and other similar outbreaks has adversely affected our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our success depends, in part, on our ability to access, collect and permissibly use personal data about consumers.
If personal, confidential or sensitive user information that we maintain and store is breached or otherwise accessed by unauthorized persons, it may be costly to mitigate and our reputation could be harmed.
The processing, storage, use and disclosure of personal data could give rise to liabilities and increased costs.
We are subject to payment network rules and any material modification of our payment card acceptance privileges could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We may experience risks related to acquisitions, including the HOA acquisition.
The HOA acquisition is subject to closing conditions, including certain conditions that may not be satisfied, and it may not be completed on a timely basis, or at all. Failure to complete the HOA acquisition could have material and adverse effects on us.
The Company’s stock price may change significantly following the Merger and you could lose all or part of your investment as a result.
Future sales, or the perception of future sales, by the Company or its stockholders in the public market following the merger could cause the market price for the Company’s common stock to decline.
The Private Warrants are accounted for as liabilities and the changes to their value could have a material effect on our financial results.
Warrants for our common stock have become exercisable, and we have called for redemption of our Public Warrants, which will likely result in significant near-term warrant exercises and dilution to our existing stockholders.

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The financial strength ratings of our insurance company subsidiary could be downgraded.

TableIncreases in parts, appliance and home system prices and other operating costs could adversely impact our business, financial position, results of Contentsoperations and cash flows.

Our outstanding loan under the Paycheck Protection Program may not be forgiven, which could adversely affect our financial condition or otherwise subject us to significant legal and reputational costs.
The JOBS Act permits “emerging growth companies” like us to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.
Reinsurance may be unavailable at current levels and prices, which may limit our ability to write new business. Furthermore, reinsurance subjects us to counterparty risk and may not be adequate to protect us against losses, which could have a material effect on results of our operations and financial condition.
Failure to maintain our insurance carrier’s risk-based capital at the required levels could adversely affect the ability of our insurance company subsidiary to maintain regulatory authority to conduct our business.

Our insurance businesses’ loss reserves may be inadequate to cover actual losses.
Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate in the future. As a result, we may fail to meet or exceed the expectations of the market, including research analysts or investors, which could cause our stock price to decline.
Our quarterly results of operations fluctuate due to seasonality in consumer demand and historical weather trends, in addition to other factors associated with our industry.
We have a history of losses, and we may be unable to achieve or sustain profitability.
We are subject to credit risk arising from the financial soundness of counterparties, including our reinsurance partners, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
The processing, storage, use and disclosure of personal data is subject to a variety of federal and state laws and regulations and could give rise to liabilities and increased costs.
Litigation and regulatory actions could distract management, increase our expenses or subject us to material monetary damages and other remedies.
Servicing our indebtedness requires a significant amount of cash, and we may not have sufficient cash flow from our business to make such payments.
The conditional conversion features of the 2026 Notes and 2028 Notes, if triggered, may adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.
Conversion of our 2026 Notes or 2028 Notes may dilute the ownership interest of our stockholders or may otherwise depress the price of our common stock.
We face risks associated with our independent contractors.
We depend on key personnel to operate our business, and if we are unable to retain, attract and integrate qualified personnel, our ability to develop and successfully grow our business could be harmed.
We may experience risks related to acquisitions and divestitures which could adversely affect our financial results.
The price of the Company’s securities may change significantly, and investors could lose all or part of their investment as a result.
Nasdaq may delist the Company’s securities from trading on its exchange, which could limit investors’ ability to make transactions in its securities and subject the Company to additional trading restrictions.
The summary risk factors described above should be read together with the text of the full risk factors below and in the other information set forth in this Annual Report, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes, as well as in other documents that we file with the SEC. If any such risks and uncertainties actually occur, our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. TheThese risks summarized above orare more fully described in full below, and these risks are not the only risks that we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us, or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Relating to the Company’sPorch’s Business and Industry

Our brands and businesses, including our insurance business, operate in an especially competitive and evolving industry.

The

Our brands and businesses operate in home-related product and service industries, which include insurance, industry,mortgage software, title insurance software, warranty, moving services, industry,inspection software, home service industry,repair, and marketing, financial and other software for home services companies industrycompanies; all of which are all competitive, withevolving, and some of which are highly regulated. There are many existing competitors and a consistent and growing stream of new entrants, services and products. Some of our competitors are more well-established, have greater functional and compliance maturity, or enjoyhave better competitive positions with respect to certain geographical areas, consumer and service professionalprovider demographics, and/or types of services offered. Some of our competitors have stronger brand name recognition, better economies of scale, more developed software platforms or other intellectual property, and/or better access to capital. In the home services space, we compete with online home services marketplaces, search engines and social media platforms that have the ability to market products and services online in a more prominent and cost-effective manner than we can, and may better tailor results with respect to products and services to individual users. In the software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) application space, we compete with existing providers of enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) and customer relationship management (“CRM”) software through both traditional software and SaaS models. Additionally, many of our competitors in the home and home-related
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services industries are undergoingcontinue to undergo consolidation and vertical integration. These consolidationsintegration, which may make it more difficult to compete with such competitors.existing competitors and new entrants. Any of these advantages could enable these competitors to reach more consumers and service professionalsproviders than we do,reach, offer products and services that are more appealing to consumers and service professionalsproviders than our products and services, and respond more quickly and/or cost effectively than we dorespond to evolving market opportunities and trends, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, since most Alternatively, our innovative business model and our limited track record as a public company may cause confusion in the market such that failures of our competitors or companies operating in similar or adjacent spaces may impact consumer or investor perceptions of the digital home services marketplace products and servicesindustry as a whole.

If we are offered to consumers for free, consumers can easily switch among home services offerings (or use multiple home services offerings simultaneously) at no cost to them. And while service professionals may incur additional or duplicative near-term costs, the costs for switching to a competing platform over the long term are generally not prohibitive. Low switching costs, coupled with the propensity of consumers to try new products and services generally, will most likely result in the continued emergence of new products and services, entrants and business models in the home and home-related services industry.

Our inabilityunable to compete effectively against new competitors, services or products or if we are unable to establish or maintain a consumer brand that resonates with customers and/or enhance our existing brands and the brands of our recently acquired companies, or if we are unable to maintain high customer satisfaction or compete with the pricing offered by our competitors, the result could result inbe decreases in the size and level of engagement of our consumer and service professionalprovider bases, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We rely on our ability to reach homebuyers earlier than our competitors via proprietary relationships with home services companies and other commercial partners. Our competitors could find ways to reach homebuyers earlier than us.

Our business model allows home services companies to receive our software for free in exchange for access rights to their end customers, thereby allowing us to market and offer services to these customers very early in their move and homebuying processes. We also have relationships with commercial partners that provide us with data about consumers early in the moving process. There can be no assurances that we will continue to receive earlier access to homebuyer customers relative to our competitors. Our competitors may adopt a similar model or may develop a new model that

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affords them similar or earlier access. Any erosion of our competitive advantage in early access to homebuyers may impair future opportunities to monetize those customers, which in turn could adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We rely on strategic relationships with third parties to provide us with personal information.

Our business model relies on our ability to access, collect and use personal information. We rely on strategic relationships with third parties to provide us with personal information, including home services companies that provide personal information in exchange for access to our ERP and CRM services and commercial partners that provide us with data about their consumers. In the future, any of these third parties could sever its relationship with us, change its data sharing policies, including making them more restrictive, or alter its own data collection practices, any of which could result in the loss of, or significant impairment to, our ability to access, collect and use personal information. These third parties could also interpret our personal information collection policies or practices as being inconsistent with their policies, which could result in the loss of our ability to collect this personal information. Any such changes could impair our ability to access, collect and use personal information and could adversely impact our business financial condition and results of operations.

Our future growth is dependent in part on our ability to grow our insurance business by limiting attrition and building surplus and increasing our revenue by increasing the revenue we generate from homebuyersnumber of sales of home-related services per customer and consumers we serve through the sale of related services.consumer. We may not succeed in these efforts.

Our future growth is dependent in part on our ability to grow our insurance business. The insurance industry is highly competitive and regulated, and our growth depends on our ability to continue to obtain reinsurance at levels and pricing favorable to us, manage risk, limit policy attrition, obtain regulatory alignment on our business plans and financials, and continue to build surplus to support additional growth, which may require raising capital if unable to grow organically. There can be no assurances we will be successful in these efforts.
Our future growth also depends in part on increasing the revenue generated from each homebuyer and customer or consumer we serve. We plan on increasing this revenue by increasing the number of value-add touchpoints with customers and consumers for whom we have access rights by offering new services and by improving conversion rates and revenue generation of both existing and new services. There can be no assurances we will be successful in these efforts. Failure to increase revenue generatedper customer or consumer may slow our growth, which could in turn have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We rely

Our growth therefore depends, in part, on our ability to retain home services companies who use our softwareattract new customers, maintain existing customers, sell additional products and services to existing customers, and increase prices. This depends on our ability to understand and anticipate customers’ needs and our retention ratesability to deliver consistent, reliable, high-quality services and products. If we fail to engage new customers, continue to re-engage with our existing customers or to cross-sell additional services, our operating results could be impacted if we are not able to sustain our competitive advantages related to our value proposition.

Our customer access model, whereby home services companies use our software for free in exchange for providing access rights to their end customers, helps us gain early access to homebuyers, which, in turn, helps us generate revenue from such homebuyers. There can be no assurances that home services companies will use or retain our softwarematerially impacted.

The incidence, frequency and services. Our retention rates could be impacted by, among other things, more desirable software and services from competitors, software developed in house by home services companies and acquisitions, consolidationsseverity of weather events, extensive wildfires, and other changes tocatastrophes, particularly occurring where Porch has a concentration of homeowners insurance policyholders, or that adversely impact consumer confidence and spending behavior in the structure and dynamics of the home and home-related services industries that may makewe serve, could have a material effect on our ERM and CRP offerings less valuable. If adoption and retention rates of our software and services decline, our growth prospects, business, financial condition and results of operations could be impaired.

Ifand financial condition.

In particular, severe weather events and the market for SaaS software applications develops more slowly than we expect or declines, our business would be adversely affected.

The adoption rateeffects of SaaS business software applications may be slower among companies inclimate change, including, tornado and hail events, hurricanes extensive wildfires, drought, storms, flooding, and other catastrophes, and the moving and home improvement industries generally and among business in those industries requiring highly customizable application software more particularly. Our success will depend to a substantial extent on the widespread adoptionfrequency of SaaS business applications within the industries we serve. The expansion of the SaaS business applications market depends on a number of factors, including the cost, performance, and perceived value associated with SaaS,such events, as well as the impacts of future global pandemics and other health crises, may harm our insurance business. For example, as it relates to our insurance carrier entity, we will be directly exposed to a portion of these losses. As it relates to our captive reinsurer, Porticus Re, a significant and severe weather event could cause our captive to lose all or a significant portion of its collateral which may need to be replaced by Porch to ensure continued operations. While we intend to manage our risk via reinsurance, there can be no guarantee this will adequately reduce our exposure to losses due to various risks inherent in reinsurance generally and with our reinsurance program, including, but not limited to, the inability to negotiate reinsurance contracts at renewal at acceptable terms or at all, our limited number of reinsurance partners, large catastrophes that exceed our aggregate reinsurance coverage limits, the inability or unwillingness of counterparties to pay us reinsurance receivables we believe we are owed, multiple losses in a single year that exceed our ability to reinstate reinsurance contracts, and the potential for fraud or misrepresentation committed by our reinsurance partners. The availability of SaaSreinsurance and its price are generally determined in the reinsurance market by conditions beyond our control and can be negatively impacted by such severe weather events and the effects of climate change, including, tornado and hail events, hurricanes, extensive wildfires, drought, flooding and other catastrophes, and the frequency of such events, as well as the impacts of future global pandemics and other health crises, may harm our insurance business. Additionally, a significant increase in insurance claims and the cost of the claims by consumers who purchase our insurance could reduce our access to reinsurance. These events have in the past and could in the future negatively affect the economy in general, and the housing and home services markets in particular.

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These events and trends could also result in decreased marketing and advertising expenditures by service providers or cash flow problems for service providers that could affect their ability to address data securitypay us subscription fees, their ability to purchase leads from us and privacy concerns. If SaaS business applications do not continuethe success of any revenue sharing arrangements with them or could result in service providers decreasing and/or delaying subscription fees paid for our platform or being more likely to achieve market acceptance withindefault on incurred fees, which would result in decreased revenue.
Any of these events that could negatively affect the home industries we serve if there is a reduction in demand for SaaS business applications caused by a lack of customer acceptance, or if there are technological challenges, weakening economic conditions, data security or privacy concerns, governmental regulation, competing technologies and products, or decreases in information technology spending, it could result in decreased revenue or access to consumer personal information and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

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Our success will depend, in substantial part, on the continued migration of the home services market online.

We believe that the digital penetration of the home and home-related services market remains low, with the vast majority of consumers continuing to search for, select and hire service professionals offline. While many consumer demographics have been and remain averse to finding service professionals online, others have demonstrated a greater willingness to purchase such services online. Whether or not service professionals turn to internet platforms will depend, in substantial part, on whether online products and services help them to better connect and engage with consumers relative to traditional offline efforts. The speed and ultimate outcome of the transition of the home and home-related services market online for consumers and service professionals is uncertain and may not occur as quickly as we expect, or at all. The failure or delay of a meaningful number of consumers and/or service professionals to migrate online and/or the return of a meaningful number of existing participants in the online home services market to offline solutions could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Litigation and regulatory actions could distract management, increase our expenses or subject us to material money damages and other remedies.

We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims that have arisen out of the conduct of our business and are not yet resolved, including claims alleging violations of the automated calling and/or Do Not Call restrictions of the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 (“TCPA”), claims alleging breach of contract and putative class action claims for failure to pay overtime, failure to pay compensation at the time of separation and unfair business practices in violation of California law. In the future, we may be involved from time to time in various additional legal proceedings, including, but not limited to, actions relating to breach of contract, breach of federal and state privacy laws, and intellectual property infringement, as well as regulatory investigations or civil and criminal enforcement actions that might necessitate changes to our business or operations. Regardless of whether any claims, investigations or actions against us have merit, or whether we are ultimately held liable or subject to payment of damages or penalties, claims, investigations and enforcement actions may be expensive to defend or comply with, and may divert management’s time away from our operations. If any legal proceeding, regulatory investigation or regulatory enforcement action were to result in an unfavorable outcome, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of operations. Any adverse publicity resulting from actual or potential litigation, regulatory enforcement actions or regulatory investigations may also materially and adversely affect our reputation, which in turn could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. See “Item 3. Legal Proceedings” for additional information with respect to material litigation and other proceedings to which we are party.

Marketing efforts designed to drive traffic to our brands and businesses may not be successful or cost-effective.

Attracting home services companies and consumers to our brands and businesses involves considerable expenditures for online and offline marketing and sales. We have made, and expect to continue to make, significant marketing expenditures, primarily for digital marketing such as paid search engine marketing, display advertising and third-party affiliate agreements. These efforts may not be successful or cost-effective.

Our ability to market our brands on any given property or channel is subject to the policies of the relevant third-party seller or publisher of advertising or marketing affiliate. As a result, we cannot assure you that these parties will not limit or prohibit us from purchasing certain types of advertising, advertising certain of our products and services and/or using one or more current or prospective marketing channels in the future. If a significant marketing channel took such an action generally, for a significant period of time and/or on a recurring basis, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. In addition, if we fail to comply with the policies of third-party sellers, publishers of advertising and/or marketing affiliates, our advertisements could be removed without notice and/or our accounts could be suspended or terminated, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, our failure to respond to rapid and frequent changes in the pricing and operating dynamics of marketing channels, as well as changing policies and guidelines applicable to digital advertising, which may unilaterally be updated by search engines without advance notice, could adversely affect our digital marketing efforts and free search engine traffic. Such changes could adversely affect the placement and pricing of paid listings, as well as the ranking of our

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brands and businesses within search results, any or all of which could increase our marketing expenditures, particularly if free traffic is replaced with paid traffic. Additionally, our competitors may engage in marketing strategies and search engine optimization techniques that increase the relative ranking of their brands and businesses within search engine results at the expense of our rankings within such search results. This could have a negative impact on the results of our search engine marketing efforts. Any or all of these events could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our brands

We rely on strategic, unique relationships with third parties to provide us with access to derive personal data and businesses are sensitiveinformation, and property data.
We rely on strategic relationships with third parties, including home services companies, to general economic eventsprovide us with access to derive personal information, including property data, about their customers in exchange for giving such companies access to our ERP and CRM services or trends, particularly thoseother value. In the future, any of these third parties could sever its relationship with us, change its data sharing policies, including making them more restrictive, or alter its own data collection practices, any of which could result in the loss of, or significant impairment to, our ability to access, collect and use personal information about their customers or consumers.
We also license data from third-party data brokers and other data suppliers. However, we cannot provide assurance that adversely impact consumer confidence and spending behavior.

We, along with our industry, have been historically, andwe will continue to be particularly sensitiveable to eventsaccess, collect or use personal information or property data provided by consumers, service providers and trendscommercial partners as we currently do or may want to do in the future. Our ability to access, collect and use personal information and property data provided by these parties may be adversely affected by federal and state laws and regulations that resultmake it burdensome for us to collect or use personal information and property data. Additionally, our collection and use of personal information or property data may cause privacy concerns of the individuals from whom we collect personal information, privacy and reputational concerns of commercial partners that provide us with end customer personal information and property data, and adverse consumer reaction to our marketing practices. This could cause us to lose customers and reduce the number of commercial partners using our platforms.

We also use consumer data that we directly collect from consumers or license from third parties to engage in targeted marketing based upon such consumer data and their online behavior. Practices in this industry are under scrutiny by federal and state law enforcement agencies and regulators in light of new and proposed federal and state laws, and pressure from some lawmakers and privacy advocates regarding how consumer data is collected and used in the ad tech industry. If we are unable to collect information from our customers or our service providers and commercial partners do not continue to provide us with information of their customers, or if applicable laws prohibit or materially impair our use of such information, our ability to provide services to consumers delaying or foregoing decisions with respect to moving, real estate transactions or home services projects. Any such event or trend, such as a general economic downturn or sudden disruption in business conditions,and drive consumer confidence, spending levels and access to credit, could resultservice providers may be materially
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impacted. This may make our products, services and pricing for such products and services less appealing to consumers and service providers, which in decreases in demand for moving, real estate transactions and home improvement services. Any such decreases could result in turnoverturn may lead to reduced utilization of our consumerproducts and service professional base and/or adversely impactservices. To the breadthextent any of services offered through our platform, any or all of which could adversely affectthe foregoing occurs, our business, financial condition and results of operations.

These eventsoperations may be adversely impacted.

We may not be able to protect our systems, technology and trends could also result in decreased marketinginfrastructure from cyberattacks and advertising expenditurescyberattacks experienced by service professionals or cash flow problems for service professionals that could affect their ability to pay us subscription fees, their ability to purchase leads from us and the success of any revenue sharing arrangements with them. Adverse economic conditions and trends could result in service professionals decreasing and/or delaying subscription fees paid for our platform or being more likely to default on incurred fees, which would result in decreased revenue and couldthird parties may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to maintain and/us. If personal, confidential, or enhance our various brands.

We believesensitive user information or property data that our success depends, in substantial part, on our continued ability towe maintain and enhancestore is breached or otherwise accessed by unauthorized persons, it may be costly to mitigate, and our established brands,reputation could be harmed.

We receive, process, store and transmit a significant amount of personal, confidential or sensitive personal information and property data about consumers that use our products and services, as well as building awarenessour employees. While we continuously develop and consumer loyalty with respectmaintain systems designed to our newprotect the security, integrity and emerging brands. Eventsconfidentiality of this information, we cannot guarantee that could negatively impact our brands and brand-building efforts include service quality concerns, service professional quality concerns, consumer and service provider complaints and lawsuits, advertisinginadvertent or marketing that is ineffectiveunauthorized use or disclosure will not occur or that is perceived as excessive or untimely, inappropriate and/or unlawful acts perpetrated by service providers, actions or proceedings commenced by governmental or regulatory authorities, data protection and security breaches, and negative publicity relatedthird parties will not gain unauthorized access to the foregoing. Any factors that negatively impact our brands could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, trust in the integrity and objective, unbiased nature of the service provider options we present to consumers as well as any ratings, reviews and information with respect to service provider qualification and experience found across our various brands contributes significantly to public perception of these brands and their ability to attract consumers and service professionals. If the options available to consumers or consumer reviews are perceived as not authentic in general, the reputation and strength of the relevant brands could be materially and adversely affected. Additionally, our service marketplace platform aggregates service provider reviews from third-party platforms. If these third-party platform reviews are inaccurate or misleading, consumers may lose confidence in the reliability of the ratings displayed on our site, which could in turn negatively impact our brand and reputation, andthis information. When such events occur, we may not be subjectable to claims of misrepresentation.

We face risks related to the number of service providers available to consumers on our platform.

The usefulness of our platform to consumers is based in part on the number of service providers available on our platform for each type of service trade or service area we offer. There can be no assurances that our ability to attract and retain service providers to our platform will be commensurate with consumer demand for the services of such service providers. Supply of service providers may be affected by, among other things, the size of the workforce in a given trade or service area and barriers to entry in a given market (such as licensure requirements). Additionally, our competitors may enter into arrangements with service providers that preventremedy them, from offering their services on our platform. If for

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these or any other reasons we are unable to attract and retain enough service providers to our platform to meet consumer demand, we may be required by law to increase paymentsnotify regulators, impacted individuals and commercial partners, and it may be costly to service providers in ordermitigate the impact of such events and to perform servicesdevelop and implement protections to prevent future events of this nature from occurring. If we or any third party that we engage to host our platforms or to otherwise store or process data experience a breach of security, third parties could gain unauthorized access to personal data about our users and subscribers. As a result, or associated with any required regulatory disclosures, we could face governmental enforcement actions, significant fines, litigation (including consumer class actions), claims for breach of contract and/or indemnity by third parties, and harm to the reputation of our consumer or our consumer experience may suffer,brands and business, each of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. A single breach could result in claims for damages or indemnification from many counterparties. Any such breach or other unauthorized access could indirectly harm the reputation of our brands and businesses and, in turn, adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Even if we do not experience such events firsthand, the impact of any such events experienced by third parties including service providers, could indirectly harm the reputation of our brands and businesses and, in turn, adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be attacked by perpetrators of malicious technology-related events, such as the use of botnets, malware or other destructive or disruptive software, distributed denial of service attacks, phishing, attempts to misappropriate user information and account login credentials, ransomware attempts, and other similar malicious activities including malicious activities from internal bad actors. The incidence of events of this nature is on the rise worldwide. While we continuously develop and maintain systems designed to detect and prevent events of this nature from impacting our systems, technology, infrastructure, products, services and users, have invested and continue to invest in these efforts and related personnel and training, and deploy data minimization strategies where appropriate, our efforts may not be successful. These efforts, which include developing and maintaining the systems of recently acquired companies, are costly and require ongoing monitoring and updating as technologies change and efforts to overcome preventative security measures are becoming more sophisticated. Despite these efforts, some of our systems have experienced past security incidents, none of which had a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, and we could experience significant events of this nature in the future. Any event of this nature that we experience could damage our systems, technology and infrastructure and/or those of our users, prevent us from providing our products and services, compromise the integrity of our products and services, damage our reputation, erode our brands and/or be costly to remedy, and may subject us to investigations by regulatory authorities, fines, claims for breach of contract or indemnity by third parties and/or litigation that could result in liability to third parties. Even if we do not experience such events firsthand, the impact of any such events experienced by third parties could have a similar effect. Our business model relies in large part on selling or otherwise providing certain consumer personal information to third parties. These third parties may be subject to similar cyberattacks and there can be no assurance that such third parties have adequate cybersecurity infrastructure to prevent breaches of the personal data sold to them by us.
We may not have adequate insurance coverage to compensate for losses resulting from any of the above events. If we or any third party with whom we do business or otherwise rely upon experience an event of this nature, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.
We rely on our ability to reach home services companies’ customers and home service-related consumers earlier than our competitors, and throughout the homebuying and homeownership journey. Our competitors could find ways to reach these customers and consumers earlier than us or at other times during the homebuying and homeownership journey.
Our consumer access model allows us to market and offer services to home services companies’ customers very early and throughout the homebuying and homeowning journey. We also have relationships with commercial partners that provide us with data about consumers who may require a variety of home services early and throughout the homebuying and homeownership journey. There can be no assurances that we will continue to receive access to these customers and consumers relative to our competitors. Our competitors may adopt a similar model or may develop a new model that
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affords them similar or earlier access. Any erosion of our competitive advantage in access to home services companies’ customers and home service-related consumers may impair future opportunities to monetize those customers and impact our retention rates, which in turn could adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations. Even if we capture early access to home services companies’ customers, if we are unable to convert that access into sales of our services and products, it could negatively impact revenue growth and adversely impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our ability to communicate with home services companies, consumers and service providers via telephone, text (SMS) messaging, email, direct mail or other sufficient means is critical to our success.
Our primary means of facilitating contact among us, home services companies, consumers and service providers is the use of telephone calls, text (SMS) messages and email. We also communicate with these parties through direct mail messages. Through these channels, we provide consumers with service request updates and service providers with updates regarding consumer matches, jobs they take, subscriptions and memberships, as well as present or suggest new products and services (among other things) and market our products and services in a cost-effective manner to home services companies, consumers and service providers.
As consumers increasingly communicate via mobile and other digital devices and messaging and social media apps, usage of certain channels such as telephone, email or direct mail has declined, particularly among younger consumers, and we expect this trend to continue. In addition, regulatory, deliverability and other restrictions could limit or prevent our ability to these channels to communicate with home services companies, consumers and service providers. The use of internet to reach consumers or service providers are subject to various laws and regulations governing digital commerce, the internet, mobile applications, search engine optimization, behavioral advertising, privacy and email marketing, and the enforcement of laws and regulations, including further development and adoption of new laws and regulations in this area may have a negative impact on our business. Furthermore, third-party operators of the channels we use to communicate with these groups may face pressure from regulators to give end users the ability to block, mute or otherwise disfavor certain types of marketing communications via such channels. We cannot assure you that any alternative means of communication will be as effective as our current messaging channels have been. A continued and significant erosion in our ability to communicate with these groups for any reason could adversely impact the overall user experience, consumer and service provider engagement levels and conversion rates, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our success will depend, in substantial part, on the continued migration of the home and home-related services market online.
We believe that the digital penetration of the home and home-related services market remains low, with the vast majority of consumers continuing to search for, select and hire service providers offline. While many consumer demographics have been and remain averse to finding service providers online, others have demonstrated a greater willingness to purchase such services online. Whether or not service providers turn to Internet platforms will depend, in substantial part, on whether online products and services help them to better connect and engage with consumers relative to traditional offline efforts. The speed and ultimate outcome of the transition of the home and home-related services market online for consumers and service providers is uncertain and may not occur as quickly as we expect, or at all. The failure or delay of a meaningful number of consumers and/or service providers to migrate online and/or the return of a meaningful number of existing participants in the online home services market to offline solutions could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our efforts to develop new insurance products, expand in targeted insurance markets, improve business processes and workflows, or make acquisitions may not be successful and may create enhanced risk.
Our efforts to develop new products, expand in targeted insurance markets, improve business processes and workflows, or make acquisitions may require us to make substantial expenditures and may not be successful, and even if successful, they may create additional risks including, but not limited to:
Changes to our business processes or workflow, including the use of new technologies, may give rise to execution risk.
Models underlying automated underwriting and pricing decisions may not be effective.
Demand for new products or expansion into new markets may not meet our expectations.
New products or services and expansion into new markets may change our risk exposures, and the data models we use to manage such exposures may not be as effective as those used in existing markets or with existing products.
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Acquisitions may not be successfully integrated, resulting in substantial disruption, costs, or delays, and adversely affecting our ability to compete, and may also result in unforeseen liabilities or impact our credit ratings, and
In connection with the conversion of policyholders to a new product, some policyholders’ pricing may increase, while the pricing for other policyholders may decrease, the net impact of which could negatively impact retention and profit margins.
These efforts may require substantial expenditures, which may negatively impact results in the near term and if not successful, could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our brands and businesses are sensitive to general economic events, trends and conditions, including those related to, without limitation, the housing and financial markets, which impact the demand for certain of our products and services.
Our businesses are sensitive to events and trends, such as a general economic downturn, health of the housing market, inflation or sudden disruption in business conditions, a recession or fears of a recession, consumer confidence, spending levels and access to credit, which could result in decreases in demand for insurance, home mortgages, warranty, moving and inspection services, home repair, and marketing, financial and other software for home services companies and providers. Any such decreases could result in turnover of our consumer and service provider base and/or adversely impact the breadth of services offered through our service market platform, our home-related services, and our warranty and insurance products.
Demand for certain of our products and services generally decreases as the number of housing purchasing and refinance transactions decrease. The housing market is seasonal, cyclical and affected by significant conditions beyond our control. The number of housing transactions in which certain of the Company’s products and services are purchased have been, and may continue to be, impacted by the following situations, among others:
high, volatile or rising mortgage interest rates;
availability of credit, including commercial and residential mortgage funding;
real estate affordability, housing supply rates, home building rates, housing foreclosures rates, multi-family housing fundamentals, and the pace of home price appreciation or the lack of it;
slow economic growth or recessionary conditions and other macroeconomic conditions, which may be impacted by national or global events (such as the COVID-19 pandemic);
local, state and federal government intervention in the financial markets;
increased unemployment or declining or stagnant wages;
changes in household debt levels and disposable income;
changing trends in consumer spending;
fewer homebuyers electing to get a home inspection; and
changing expectations for inflation and deflation.
Any adverse impact on a macro level to the housing or financial markets generally could have an adverse impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
We may be unable to access the capital markets when needed, which could adversely affect the ability to take advantage of business opportunities as they arise and to fund operations in a cost-effective manner.
Our ability to grow our business may depend in part on the ability to access capital when needed to strategically grow our operations and provide statutory surplus to grow our insurance business. Capital markets may become illiquid from time to time, and we cannot predict the extent and duration of future economic and market disruptions or the impact of any government interventions. We may not be able to obtain financing on acceptable terms, or at all. If we require capital but cannot raise it or cannot obtain financing on acceptable terms, our business, financial condition, and results of operations may be materially adversely affected, and we may be unable to execute our long-term growth strategy.
If we are unable to deliver effective customer service, it could harm our relationships with our existing home services companies, consumers, service providers and commercial partners and adversely affect our ability to attract new home services companies, consumers, service providers and commercial partners.

Our business depends, in part, on our ability to satisfy our home services companies, consumers and service providers, both by providing access to services that address the needs of consumers and service providers and providing services and software-based solutions to home services companies that address their business needs. Our customer support personnel
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also sell our products and services. If our sales efforts are not satisfactory, consumers may choose not to do business with us, or we may suffer reputational costs. Additionally, our home services companies, consumers and service providers depend on our customer support personnel to resolve technical issues relating to the use of our products and services. We may be unable to respond quickly to accommodate short-term increases in demand for support services or may otherwise encounter a customer service issue that is difficult to resolve. If a home services company, consumer or service provider is not satisfied with the quality or responsiveness of our customer service, we could incur additional costs to address the situation or the home services company, service provider, or consumer (and commercial partners who provide us with their customers’ data) may choose not to do business with us or we may suffer reputational costs. As we do not separately charge our home services companies, consumers and service providers for support services, increased demand for our support services would increase costs without corresponding revenue, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, regardless of the quality or responsiveness of our customer service efforts, home services companies, consumers, service providers and commercial partners that are not satisfied with outcomes may choose to terminate, or not to renew, their relationships with us.

Certain parts of our business are highly dependent on the ease of use of our products and services and positive recommendations from our existing home services companies, consumers and service providers. Any failure to maintain high-quality or responsive customer service, or a market perception that we do not maintain high-quality or responsive customer service, could harm our reputation, cause us to lose home services companies, consumers or service providers and adversely impact our ability to sell our products and services to prospective consumers.

Our outstanding loan under the Paycheck Protection Program may not be forgiven, which could adversely affect our financial condition or otherwise subject us to significant legal and reputational costs.

In April 2020, we entered into a loan agreement in the amount of $8.1 million under the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP”). The loan accrues interest at 1.0% per annum and matures on April 18, 2022. The PPP was established as part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”) and provides for loans to qualifying businesses for amounts up to 2.5 times the average monthly payroll expenses of the business, subject to certain limitations. The loans and accrued interest are forgivable after twenty-four (24) weeks so long as the borrower uses the loan proceeds for eligible purposes, including payroll, benefits, rent and utilities. The total amount eligible for forgiveness may be adjusted if, at the time of the forgiveness application, the borrower does not maintain employment and wage levels. A forgiveness application may be submitted at any time prior to the maturity of the loan. We believe that we have been using the proceeds of the loan for qualifying expenses in accordance with the requirements of the CARES Act. However, no assurance is provided that we will be able to obtain forgiveness of the loan in whole or in part. Whether forgiveness will be granted and in what amount is subject to an application to, and approval by, the Small Business Administration (“SBA”) and may also be subject to further requirements in any regulations and guidelines the SBA may adopt. The SBA and members of Congress have indicated an intention to provide strong oversight of loans granted under the PPP. If we are audited or reviewed or our records are subpoenaed by the federal government as a result of entering into the PPP loan, it could divert our management’s time and attention and we could incur legal and reputational costs, and an adverse finding could lead to the requirement to return the PPP loan, which could reduce our liquidity, or could subject us to fines, penalties and negative publicity.

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We may face negative consequences from the actions and omissions of our service providers, and our terms and conditions may not adequately protect us from claims.

Under our agreements with consumers and service providers, our service providers, and not us, are responsible for the actions and omissions of our service providers. However, consumers may still bring claims against us for actions and omissions of service providers, and the service providers may deny responsibility for or be unable to pay any resulting liability. Additionally, certain agreements with our commercial partners obligate us to indemnify such commercial partners against third-party claims resulting from the actions and omissions of the service providers we engage to provide services to consumers referred to us by those commercial partners. These claims may be expensive and may divert management’s time away from our operations. We may not have adequate insurance coverage to compensate for losses resulting from these claims, and too many or certain types of claims may result in increased premiums or denial of coverage. In addition, we may be deemed, correctly or incorrectly, a contractor with respect to our service providers, which may subject us to licensure and/or bonding requirements and may subject us to penalties for past operations. Any of the foregoing could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In general, our consumers and our service providers agree to our customer terms and conditions by accessing our services online. However, some consumers or service providers who access our services only by phone, and consumers who come to us from third-party lead sources, may not click through to our terms and conditions. If consumers or service providers do not agree to our terms and conditions for any reason, we may face increased litigation risk, which could in turn adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our marketing efforts are subject to a variety of federal and state regulations.

We conduct marketing activities, directly and indirectly, via telephone, text (SMS) messages, email, direct mail and/or through other online and offline marketing channels. Such general marketing activities are governed by numerous federal and state regulations, including the Telemarketing Sales Rule, the TCPA, state and federal Do-Not-Call regulations and other state telemarketing laws, federal and state privacy laws, the CAN-SPAM Act, and the Federal Trade Commission Act and its accompanying regulations and guidelines, among others. In addition to being subject to action by regulatory agencies, some of these laws, like the TCPA, allow private individuals to bring litigation against companies for breach of these laws. We are also dependentsuccess depends, in part, on our third-party partners to comply with applicable laws. Any lawsuit or action by a regulatory agency for an actual or alleged violation of applicable law or regulation by us or our third-party partners may have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our moving services business is subject to state regulations and certain state regulatory structures do not address our business model for moving services. Compliance with required licensure and other regulatory requirements could be costly and any inability to comply could harm our business.

Our moving services business is subject to licensure and bonding requirements that various states impose in connection with the performance of certain services and trades. Additionally, in some jurisdictions, the existing regulatory structures do not contemplate our hybrid business model of marketplace (where consumers search for professionals on our platform and book moving services themselves) and managed services (where we manage moving services on consumers’ behalf). Furthermore, interest groups in certain jurisdictions have lobbied and may in the future lobby for regulations that make our hybrid model more difficult or impossible to maintain in those jurisdictions. Any future changes to (or judicial or regulatory interpretations of) these regulations, whether due to lobbying efforts or otherwise, could impose significant compliance costs. Any failure to obtain or maintain required licensure and otherwise comply with applicable regulations in relevant jurisdictions could inhibit or prohibit our ability to operatedevelop and monetize versions of our movingproducts and services businessfor mobile and other digital devices.

As consumers increasingly access products and services through mobile and other digital devices, we will need to continue to devote significant time and resources to develop new applications and functionalities to ensure that our products and services are accessible across these platforms. If we do not keep pace with evolving online, market and industry trends, including the introduction of new and enhanced digital devices and changes in those jurisdictions. Additionally, we may be deemed, correctly or incorrectly, a contractor with respect to ourthe preferences and needs of consumers and service providers which may subject usgenerally, offer new and/or enhanced products and services in response to licensuresuch trends that resonate with consumers and service providers, monetize products and services for mobile and other digital devices as effectively as our traditional products and services and/or bonding requirementsmaintain related systems, technology and may subject us to penalties for past operations. Any of the foregoing could have a negative impact oninfrastructure in an efficient and cost-effective manner, our business, financial condition and results of operations.

operations could be adversely affected.

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TableIn addition, the success of Contents

Our primaryfuture mobile and other digital products and services depends on their interoperability with various third-party operating subsidiary may not be qualified to do business in all jurisdictions insystems, technology, infrastructure and standards, including rapidly evolving mobile data privacy standards, over which we have sufficient nexusno control. Any changes to any of operations to require qualification.

While we offerthese things that compromise the quality or functionality of our mobile and other digital products and services to home services companies, service providers and consumers in all 50 states, Porch.com, Inc., our primary operating subsidiary, is qualified to do business only in Washington, Texas and Delaware. Failure by us or any of our subsidiaries to qualify as a foreign corporation in a jurisdiction where we are required to do so could subject us to penalties and the obligation to pay taxes for prior periods and could result in our inability to enforce contracts in such jurisdictions. Any such failure could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

The global outbreak of COVID-19 and other similar outbreaks has adversely affected our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business has been adversely affected by the outbreak of COVID-19, which has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. To date, the outbreak of COVID-19 has caused a widespread global health crisis, and governments in affected regions have implemented measures designed to curb the spread of the disease, such as social distancing, government imposed quarantines and lockdowns, travel bans and other public health safety measures. These measures have resulted in significant social disruption and have had and are likely to continue to have an adverse effect on economic conditions generally, as well as on consumer confidence and spending, all of which could have an adverse effect on our businesses, financial condition and results of operations.

In response to the COVID-19 outbreak and government-imposed measures to control its spread,affect their usage levels and/or our ability to conduct ordinary course business activities has beenattract consumers and may continue to be impaired for an indefinite period of time. From March 2020 through June 2020, we reduced pay for certain employees and partially or fully furloughed certain employees. After this period, we did not bring back certain employees that were furloughed. After June 2020, we have allowed certain employees to earn a portion of their compensation in equity in place of salary.

In addition, we have taken several precautions that could adversely impact employee productivity, such as requiring employees to work remotely. While we have experienced few disruptions with respect to the transition to remote work, we can give no assurance that productivity and efficiency will remain at pre-pandemic levels, particularly as we transition to long-term remote work. Also, working remotely may involve increased operational risks, such as making compliance and enforcement of information security requirements more difficult, as well as increased risks of “phishing,” other cybersecurity attacks or the unauthorized dissemination of personally identifiable information or proprietary and confidential information. Moreover, we may also experience business disruption if the ordinary course operations of our contractors, vendors or business partners are adversely affected. Any of these measures or impairmentsservice providers, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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The extentnature of our platform is complex and highly integrated, and if we fail to which developments related to the COVID-19 outbreak and measures designed to curb its spread continue to impactsuccessfully manage releases or integrate new solutions, it could harm our business, financial condition, and results of operations will depend on future developments, alloperations.
We manage a complex platform of whichsolutions that consists of our software and services for companies and products for consumers. Many of our solutions include a large number of product centers that are highly uncertainintegrated and many of which are beyond our control, including the speed of contagion, the development and implementation of effective preventative measures and possible treatments, the scope of governmental and other restrictions on travel, non-essential services (including those provided by certain of our service professionals) and other activity, and public reactions to these developments. The longer the global outbreak and measures designed to curb the spread of the virus continue to adversely affect levels of consumer confidence, discretionary spending and the willingness of consumers to interactrequire interoperability with other consumers, vendors and service providers face-to-face (and in turn, adversely affect demand for home services provided by our service professionals and ourPorch products, as well as products and services generally),of third-party service providers. Due to this complexity and the greaterdevelopment cycles under which we operate, we may experience errors in our software, corruption or loss of our data or unexpected performance issues from time to time. For example, our solutions may face interoperability difficulties with software operating systems or programs being used by our customers, or new releases, upgrades, fixes or the adverse effect is likelyintegration of acquired technologies may have unanticipated consequences on the operation and performance of our other solutions. If we encounter integration challenges or discover errors in our solutions late in our development cycle, it may cause us to be ondelay our launch dates. Any major integration or interoperability issues or launch delays could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operationsoperations.
We may fail to adequately protect our intellectual property rights or may be accused of infringing the intellectual property rights of third parties.
We rely upon trademarks, trade dress, domain names and logos to market our brands and businesses and to build and maintain brand loyalty and recognition, as well as upon trade secrets.
We rely on a combination of laws and contractual restrictions on access to and use of proprietary information with employees, independent contractors, home services companies, consumers, service providers, commercial partners, suppliers, affiliates and others to establish and protect our and their various intellectual property rights. No assurances can be given that these efforts will result in adequate trademark and service mark protection, adequate domain name rights and protections. Despite these measures, challenges to our intellectual property rights could still arise, third parties could copy or otherwise obtain and use our intellectual property without authorization, and/or laws regarding the more limitedenforceability of existing intellectual property rights could change in an adverse manner.
We may also be subject to claims from third parties in the future related to alleged intellectual property infringement by us. These claims, if resolved in a manner adverse to us, could result in significant liabilities and could restrict or prohibit our ability will be to tryuse the technology on which we rely. Even if these claims are resolved in our favor, such claims could result in significant expenses and make up for delayed or lost revenues. could distract our management until resolved.
The COVID-19 pandemic may also haveoccurrence of any of these events could result in the effecterosion of heightening many of the other risks described in this “Risk Factors” section.

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Risks Relating to Technologyour various brands and Personal Information

Our success depends, in part,limitations on our ability to access, collect and permissibly use personal data about consumers.

Our customer access pricing model is dependent onoperate our business, as well as impede our ability to access, collect and use personal data about consumers. In particular, we rely on companies providing or consumers granting us the right to use their personal data to connect them to service providers and to market services to them. We gain access, collection and use rights through home services companies and other commercial partners that arrange for their customers to receive our services, such as home services companies who pay for our ERP and CRM software-as-a-service offering through introducing our services to their customers, home warranty companies that include our services as part of their plan offerings and commercial partners that refer their customers to us or otherwise provide useffectively compete against competitors with customer data. As discussed more fully under “Item 1. Business — Our Strategies for Growth — Mover Marketing,” we are further expanding our capabilities through the acquisition of DataMentors Holdings, LLC d/b/a V12 Data (“V12 Data”), a leading consumer data and analytics platform with a focus on household and mover insights, data management and marketing activation. We also license data from third party data brokers and other data suppliers. However, we cannot assure you that we will continue to be able to access, collect or use personal information provided by consumers, service providers and commercial partners as we currently do or may want to do in the future. Our ability to access, collect and use personal information provided by these parties may be adversely affected by federal and state laws and regulations that make it burdensome for us to collect or use personal data, privacy concerns of the individuals from whom we collect personal data, privacy and reputational concerns of commercial partners that provide us with end customer personal information, and adverse consumer reaction to our marketing practices. We use consumer data that we directly collect from consumers or license from third parties to engage in targeted marketing based upon such consumer data and their online behavior. Practices in this industry are under scrutiny by regulators in light of new and proposed federal and state laws, and pressure from some lawmakers and privacy advocates regarding how consumer data is collected and used in the ad tech industry. Additionally, our ERP and CRM SaaS offerings are highly concentrated within our Inspection Support Network (ISN) brand, and reductions in the user base of these offerings or failure to grow such user base may adversely impact our ability to access and collect personal information. If we are unable to collect information from our customers or our service providers and commercial partners do not continue to provide us with information of their customers, or if applicable laws prohibit or materially impair our use of such information, our ability to provide services to consumers and drive early consumer access to service providers may be materially impacted. This may make our products and services less appealing to consumers and service providers, which in turn may lead to reduced utilization of our products and services. To the extentsimilar technologies, any of the foregoing occurs, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely impacted.

If personal, confidential or sensitive user information that we maintain and store is breached or otherwise accessed by unauthorized persons, it may be costly to mitigate and our reputation could be harmed.

We receive, process, store and transmit a significant amount of personal, confidential or sensitive personal information about consumers that use our products and services. While we continuously develop and maintain systems designed to protect the security, integrity and confidentiality of this information, we cannot guarantee that inadvertent or unauthorized use or disclosure will not occur or that third parties will not gain unauthorized access to this information. When such events occur, we may not be able to remedy them, we may be required by law to notify regulators, impacted individuals and commercial partners, and it may be costly to mitigate the impact of such events and to develop and implement protections to prevent future events of this nature from occurring. If we or any third party that we engage to host our platforms or to otherwise store or process data experience a breach of security, third parties could gain unauthorized access to personal data about our users and subscribers. As a result, we could face governmental enforcement actions, significant fines, litigation (including consumer class actions), claims for breach of contract and/or indemnity by third parties, and harm to the reputation of our brands and business, each of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Relating to Our Insurance Business
Termination of a reinsurance contract due to distress at one of HOA’s reinsurers may expose HOA and the Company to various risks that could materially and adversely affect HOA’s and the Company’s business, financial condition, and results of operations.
In the third quarter of 2023, HOA, a subsidiary of Porch Group, discovered that for one of its reinsurance contracts for which capital was arranged by Vesttoo, there were allegations of fraudulent activity in connection with collateral provided to HOA and certain other third parties which allegations have now been confirmed. As a result, and in accordance with the terms of the reinsurance agreement, HOA terminated the associated contract on August 4, 2023, with an effective date of July 1, 2023. Had HOA not terminated the contract, the contract would have expired on its own terms on December 31, 2023. The agreement with this reinsurer provided coverage for 40% of HOA’s core book and coverage up to approximately $175 million in a catastrophic event.
Following the effective date of the termination, HOA seized approximately $47.6 million in available liquid collateral from a reinsurance trust, of which HOA was the beneficiary. In addition, HOA has secured supplemental reinsurance coverage in the amount of approximately $146.3 million, replacing nearly all of the reinsurance coverage for certain catastrophic weather events that was in place under the terminated reinsurance contract. HOA is currently seeking additional supplemental reinsurance coverage in order to maintain adequate coverage in future periods against potential excess losses in the event of a severe weather event for which it has not obtain supplemental coverage and to satisfy regulatory and rating agency requirements. Regardless of whether additional supplemental coverage is obtained, HOA will continue to remain obligated with respect to all claims and claim settlement expenses under its policies, including claims incurred but not yet reported for prior periods, and claims and expenses that are no longer subject to the reimbursement rights in favor of HOA under the terminated reinsurance contract and for which HOA has not obtained adequate supplemental coverage. The Company intends to pursue its rights with respect to the letter of credit required by the reinsurance contract in the amount of $300 million as additional collateral, which advisors to the issuing bank have alleged is invalid. The Company was
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appointed to the statutory committee of unsecured creditors in the Chapter 11 bankruptcy of Vesttoo and intends to pursue recovery for all losses and damages incurred.
Notwithstanding the receipt of supplemental reinsurance coverage, the TDI placed HOA under its supervision following the release of HOA’s statutory accounts for the quarter ending June 30, 2023, and Demotech subsequently withdrew its financial stability rating. The Company worked closely with the TDI to restore surplus to an appropriate level following HOA’s placement under TDI supervision and made a $57 million cash investment into HOA to increase surplus in exchange for a $49 million surplus note and the purchase of all rights from HOA for potential claims related to the fraud connected to Vesttoo and others. In addition, HOA submitted a formal operational plan to the TDI for its review and worked closely with both the TDI and Demotech to resolve their concerns to exit supervision and regain its financial stability rating. On November 2, 2023, the TDI released HOA from regulatory supervision and on November 8, 2023 Demotech reinstated HOA’s A single breachrating.
Termination of the reinsurance contract, the events that followed as described in this risk factor, and other events that may occur in the future directly or indirectly as a result of the termination of the reinsurance contract and alleged fraud committed by Vesttoo and others, could subject HOA and the Company to significant and unforeseen risks. Any or all of the known and other unknown and unforeseen risks could have a material and adverse impact on HOA’s and the Company’s business, operations, financial condition, and results of operations. These risks include, but are not limited to, risks associated with:
the surplus note, including HOA’s ability to make timely payments of principal and interest, repay the surplus note in full, and the Company’s ability to recover any unpaid amounts to the extent HOA is unable to repay the principal and interest in full;
enforcing and recovering the collateral underlying the letter of credit and pursuing potential claims related to the fraud connected to Vesttoo and others, including the time and expense associated with pursuing potential claims and the uncertainty associated with obtaining any recoveries in excess of costs, and the uncertainty of obtaining any recoveries at all;
the reciprocal exchange, including the impact TDI’s previous regulatory supervision of HOA may have on the timing and approval of the reciprocal exchange;
securing and maintaining sufficient replacement reinsurance coverage on terms and costs favorable to HOA to maintain adequate coverage in future periods against potential excess losses in the event of a severe weather event for which HOA has not obtained adequate supplemental coverage, and to satisfy regulatory and rating agency requirements;
maintaining adequate surplus levels to satisfy regulatory requirements; and
HOA’s continuing ability to stay out of regulatory supervision and maintain its financial stability rating.
We face a variety of risks through our expansion into the insurance business.
In 2021, we expanded our insurance operations through the acquisition of HOA, a leading property and casualty insurance company focused on products in the residential homeowner space. We are a full-service insurance company operating in 22 states exposing us to the regulatory risk of complying with insurance laws that vary by state as well as underwriting and claims management risk. Other risks of our entry into the insurance business include, without limitation, difficulties integrating the new insurance business with our ongoing operations, potential diversion of management’s time and other resources from our previously-established lines of business, the need for additional capital and other resources to expand into this new line of business, and inefficient integration of operational and management systems and controls.
We bear the cost of paying insured claims. As a result, the likelihood of being significantly affected by the risks inherent to the insurance industry, and the magnitude of such risks, are increased. Claims costs may be adversely affected by increases in costs of home repair as a result of inflated material costs, supply chain shortages, increases in labor costs, and demand surge during catastrophic events. In addition, prices for raw materials, such as lumber and steel, are subject to market volatility. We cannot predict the extent to which our insurance carrier business line may experience future increases in claims costs. To the extent such costs increase, we may be prevented, in whole or in part, from passing these cost increases through to our existing and prospective customers. Such increases in costs could have a material adverse impact on our consolidated business, financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
Although we follow the industry practice of transferring, or ceding, part of the risk we have assumed to a reinsurance company in exchange for damagespart of the premium we receive in connection with the risk or indemnification from many counterparties. Anysecuring excess of loss reinsurance coverage, we may not be able to successfully mitigate our risk through such breachreinsurance arrangements. Although reinsurance would make the reinsurer liable to us to the extent the risk is transferred to the reinsurer or other unauthorized access could indirectly harm the reputationwe have coverage
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under an excess of loss reinsurance arrangement, it will not relieve us of our brandsliability to our policyholders. If any of our reinsurers are unable or unwilling to pay amounts they owe us in a timely fashion, we could suffer a significant loss or a shortage of liquidity, which would have a material adverse effect on our business and businessesresults of operations. In addition, reinsurance may not be available for an acceptable cost or at all. Failure to successfully mitigate an acceptable portion of our risk could materially and in turn, adversely affect our ability to write insurance business and harm our business. If our actual losses from insured claims were to exceed our loss reserves, our business, financial condition and results of operations.

operations would be adversely affected.

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The Company has implemented a reinsurance program, which includes the use of a captive reinsurer. Under this arrangement, the captive owned by the Company serves as the reinsurer, and the consolidated books and tax returns of the Company reflect a liability consisting of the full reserve amount attributable to the reinsured business, which is significantly higher than previous years’ insurance related liabilities. The success of the Company’s captive reinsurance program is dependent on a number of factors outside the control of the Company, including, but not limited to, weather events, continued access to financial solutions, a favorable regulatory environment, and the overall tax position of the Company. If the captive reinsurance program is not successful, the Company’s financial condition could be adversely impacted. Additionally, capital held by the captive cannot be used elsewhere within the Company without applicable regulatory pre-approval.
HOA is highly dependent on maintaining successful relationships with third-party independent agents and agencies. Negative changes in such relationships could adversely affect HOA’s insurance business, including, but not limited to, reduced sales, the loss of existing policies, the need to lower prices, or the need to pay higher commissions. In addition, although such agents/agencies are appointed as independent contractors with the authority to solicit and bind insurance policies on HOA’s behalf any misconduct on their part could have an adverse effect on our business, financial conditions, reputation and results of operations.
We are also subject to the cyclical nature of the insurance industry. The financial performance of the insurance industry has historically fluctuated with periods of lower premium rates and excess underwriting capacity resulting from increased competition followed by periods of higher premium rates and reduced underwriting capacity resulting from decreased competition. Although the financial performance of an insurance company depends on its own specific business characteristics, the profitability of many insurance companies tends to follow this cyclical market pattern. Because the cyclical nature of the market is due in large part to the actions of competitors and general economic factors, we cannot predict the timing or duration of changes in the market cycle.
We may change the structure of our reinsurance arrangement in the future, which may impact our overall risk profile and financial and capital condition.
We may be unable to negotiate new reinsurance contracts to provide continuous coverage or negotiate reinsurance on the same terms and rates as are currently available, as such availability depends in part on factors outside of our control. A new contract may cost more, or may not provide sufficient reinsurance protection. Market forces and external factors, such as significant losses from hurricanes or terrorist attacks or an increase in capital requirements, has impacted, and likely to continue to impact, the availability and cost of the reinsurance we purchase. If we were unable to maintain our current level of reinsurance, extend our reinsurance contracts or purchase new reinsurance protection in amounts that we consider sufficient at current or acceptable prices, we would have to either accept an increase in our exposure, reduce our insurance writings or develop or seek other alternatives.
The unavailability of acceptable reinsurance protection would have an adverse impact on our business model, which depends on reinsurance companies to absorb any unfavorable variance from the level of losses anticipated at underwriting. If we are unable to obtain adequate reinsurance at reasonable rates, we would have to increase our risk exposure or reduce the level of our underwriting commitments, each of which could have a material adverse effect upon our business volume and profitability. Alternatively, we could elect to pay higher than reasonable rates for reinsurance coverage, which could have a material adverse effect upon our profitability until policy premium rates could be raised, in most cases subject to approval by state regulators, which could cause long delays to offset this additional cost.
There can be no assurance that our planned formation of a reciprocal exchange will receive regulatory approval, and if obtained, that the approval would be based on terms as proposed or subject to additional requirements that may not be acceptable to the Company.
There can be no assurance that the Texas reciprocal exchange (the “Reciprocal”) will commence business. In 2023, we filed an application to form and license the Reciprocal with the Texas Department of Insurance (“TDI”). Applications of this nature involve intensive dialog with regulators that can result in material changes to all aspects of the business plan originally presented, including changes that could cause Porch to terminate and not proceed with its plans to form the Reciprocal. Matters within the scope of the TDI’s review include but are not limited to those listed below:
the adequacy of the Reciprocal's and HOAIC’s capitalization and methods used to capitalize it;

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the terms of the Reciprocal's governing documents, including the compensation paid to the attorney-in-fact;
the premiums to be charged by the Reciprocal and the benefits offered to its subscribers;
the amount and duration of the subscriber contribution paid by its subscribers
the Reciprocal’s relationship with Porticus Re and HOA’s managing general agency, including reinsurance premium, commissions and fees charged by them for services as general agent;
the powers and composition of the Reciprocal’s subscribers' committee; and
the terms of sale of HOAIC to the Reciprocal.
Insurance is regulated on a state-by-state basis. Approval by the TDI, if obtained, applies only to the Reciprocal's ability to operate in Texas. Expansion outside of Texas will require additional state-by-state applications, with each application subject to dialog with state regulators that can result in changes unfavorable the Reciprocal, including changes that could cause Porch to terminate plans to expand the Reciprocal into specific states.
Under existing GAAP, we expect the Reciprocal will consolidate with Porch for financial reporting purposes. While deconsolidation of the Reciprocal from Porch is a goal, there is no assurance that our plan for achieving deconsolidation will be successful, nor can there be any assurance that deconsolidation will be achieved in the future. Accordingly, all the risk factors identified in this section that currently adversely affect our existing insurance business will continue to adversely affect our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations if the Reciprocal successfully commences business.
If Porch’s plans are implemented, the sole sources of insurance income available to Porch will be (a) the management fee received by its subsidiary that will serve as the attorney-in-fact (“AIF”) of the Reciprocal, (b) commissions and fees charged by HOA’s managing general agency and AIF for services as general agent and (c) reinsurance premiums paid by the Reciprocal to Porticus Re, our Cayman Islands captive reinsurance company.
An attorney-in-fact's income is the product of two factors: (a) the gross written premium paid to the reciprocal exchange by subscribers plus reinsurance premiums paid to the reciprocal exchange by affiliated insurers, multiplied by (b) the percentage of gross written premium set by the reciprocal exchange's governing documents. Porch has proposed governing documents that set a maximum fee, but allow the attorney-in-fact to set a lower fee. There are various factors that can influence the attorney-in-fact’s decision to set the fee at a specific level including, but not limited to, the reciprocal exchange's financial strength, capital position, projected revenue and expenses and competitive position in the market.
If the amount of gross written premiums paid to the Reciprocal decreases for any reason, the fee revenue of the attorney-in-fact will correspondingly decrease. The risk factors that adversely affect insurance sales within our existing insurance businesses will apply to insurance sales by the Reciprocal. As an entirely new entity, there can be no assurance how the Reciprocal will be received by consumers, regulators, rating agencies, and entities that historically refer business to HOA. Our efforts to encourage a transition of policyholders from HOAIC to the Reciprocal may result in a number of existing HOAIC policyholders shifting their business to other insurers, leading to a decrease in the overall level of premium currently written in the insurance segment of our business.
Likewise, if the fee percentage decreases, the fee revenue to the attorney-in-fact will correspondingly decrease. Events that may result in a decrease in an attorney-in-fact's fee include, but are not limited to price competition, regulatory disapproval of our rates or the AIF fee.
An attorney-in-fact is a separate legal entity from a reciprocal exchange. The reciprocal exchange is managed by an independent subscribers committee over which Porch will have no control. Porch will be the owner of the attorney-in-fact and will not possess any legal ownership in the reciprocal exchange. If the Reciprocal, through its subscribers committee, terminates Porch as its attorney-in-fact, Porch will no longer have access to the attorney-in-fact fees or reinsurance premiums as sources of revenue and a significant portion of revenue from the insurance business. Additionally, Porch would lose access to the admitted insurance carrier.
A reciprocal exchange has no mechanism by which dividends or distributions of profits can be paid to an attorney-in-fact. The sale of HOAIC to the Reciprocal will result in Porch no longer having access to dividends from HOAIC. Except for the fees and commissions paid to the AIF and Homeowners of America MGA, Inc, Porch will derive no cash flow benefit from profitable operating results in the Reciprocal or HOAIC.
Nothing in the laws governing Texas reciprocal exchanges makes an attorney-in-fact liable for losses incurred by a reciprocal exchange. Nevertheless, Porch, through its ownership of the AIF, will have an interest in the financial condition of the Reciprocal. If the Reciprocal fails to maintain acceptable levels of financial strength and ratings, its competitive position in the market would be adversely affected. Anything that adversely affects premium income to the Reciprocal
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results in decreased fee revenue to the AIF. Porch may, for various business reasons impossible at present to predict, decide to provide additional surplus to the Reciprocal in response to future adverse financial developments in the Reciprocal's business. Nothing herein, however, constitutes a commitment by Porch to make contributions to the surplus of the Reciprocal under any circumstances.
In the unlikely event that the Reciprocal were to become insolvent, existing law allows the TDI to commence a receivership proceeding over the Reciprocal. An exchange cannot be a debtor under the Federal Bankruptcy Code. A Texas receiver may be able to compel the attorney-in-fact to continue providing services to a reciprocal exchange that is involved in a receivership proceeding. A Texas receiver may also bring action against an attorney-in-fact within a receivership proceeding based on available theories of damages arising from the attorney-in-fact's management of the reciprocal exchange. While various single business enterprise theories may also be asserted by a Texas receiver to obtain jurisdiction over the assets of an attorney-in-fact, the success of any such assertion of jurisdiction is uncertain under existing law and would be highly dependent upon the facts and circumstances existing at the time.
The material risks to Porch from operating its insurance business through a reciprocal exchange may differ considerably from risks described herein due to requirements imposed on Porch and the Reciprocal by the TDI as conditions for approving the formation and licensing of the Reciprocal, or by insurance regulators in other states as conditions for granting insurance licenses to the Reciprocal, which requirements cannot be known at this time.
The financial strength ratings of our insurance company subsidiary could be downgraded.
Financial strength ratings reflect a rating agency’s opinion of our insurance company subsidiary’s financial strength, operating performance, strategic position and ability to meet obligations to policyholders. Our ratings are subject to periodic review and there is no assurance that our ratings will not be changed. Rating agencies could change or expand their requirements or could find that our insurance company subsidiary no longer meet the criteria established for current ratings. Insolvencies or credit downgrades of our reinsurance partners could impact the rating agency’s opinion of our insurance company subsidiary’s financial strength and ability to meet obligations to policyholders causing a downgrade or withdrawal of the rating. The current rating agency used for the insurance business could go out of business or become unacceptable to partners of the insurance business, leaving the company without a rating until a new rating could be achieved with a different rating agency. There is no guarantee that another rating agency would have a similar rating and view of the company. If our insurer financial strength ratings were to be downgraded, our agents might find it more difficult to market our products or might choose to emphasize the products of other carriers and lenders would be likely to not accept our insurance as sufficient to protect their collateral. Either or both could have severe financial consequences for our insurance company subsidiary.
Increases in parts, appliance and home system prices and other operating costs could adversely impact our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Our home warranty business line may be adversely affected by increases in the level of our operating expenses, such as refrigerants, appliances and equipment, parts, raw materials, wages and salaries, employee benefits, healthcare, contractor costs, self-insurance costs and other insurance premiums, as well as various regulatory compliance costs, all of which may be subject to inflationary and other pressures. Such increase in operating expenses, including contract claims costs, could have a material adverse impact on our consolidated business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
Prices for raw materials, such as steel and fuel, are subject to market volatility. We cannot predict the extent to which our home warranty business line may experience future increases in costs of refrigerants, appliances and equipment, parts, raw materials, wages and salaries, employee benefits, healthcare, contractor costs, self-insurance costs and other insurance premiums, as well as various regulatory compliance costs and other operating costs. To the extent such costs increase, we may be prevented, in whole or in part, from passing these cost increases through to our existing and prospective customers, which could have a material adverse impact on our consolidated business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
The effects of emerging claim and coverage issues in the insurance industry are uncertain.
As industry practices, economic, legal, judicial, social, and other environmental conditions change, unexpected issues related to claims and coverage may emerge. These issues may adversely affect our insurance businesses by either extending coverage beyond the underwriting intent or by increasing the number and size of claims. Examples of emerging claims and coverage issues include, but are not limited to:
Plaintiffs targeting property and casualty (“P&C”) insurers in class action litigation relating to claims-handling and other practices;
Medical developments linking health issues to particular cases, resulting in liability claims; and
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Claims related to unanticipated consequences of current or new technologies, including cyber-security related risks and claims relating to potentially changing climate conditions.
In some instances, these emerging issues may not become apparent for some time after affected insurance policies have been issued. As a result, the full extent of liability may not be immediately known, nor their financial impacts adequately provided for in premium charges.
In addition, potential passage of new legislation designed to expand the right to sue, to remove limitations on recovery, to extend statutes of limitations or otherwise repeal or weaken tort reforms could have an adverse impact on our insurance businesses.
The effects of these and other unforeseen emerging claim and coverage issues are difficult to predict and could harm our insurance businesses and materially adversely affect their results and operations.
Our insurance company subsidiary is dependent on the use of reinsurance.
Our consolidated financial statements reflect the effects of reinsurance transactions. The primary purpose of reinsurance is to protect us, at a cost, from losses in excess of the amount it is prepared to accept and to protect our capital. Reinsurance is placed on both a quota-share and excess-of-loss basis. Ceded reinsurance arrangements do not discharge us as the primary insurer and if reinsurers are unable or unwilling to pay or if we do not purchase sufficient reinsurance, it could seriously impact our insurance company subsidiary.
Additionally, our net premiums written and earned will be impacted by the amount of premiums we cede under our reinsurance transactions. The amount of profit commission we receive, which reduces the amount of premiums we cede, is variable year-to-year and is dependent on the amount of losses ceded. Changes from one year to the next or within a year could substantially change the financial performance of our insurance company subsidiary, the amount of capital available for our insurance company subsidiary or both.
In January 2024, we entered into a business collaboration agreement with Aon. Pursuant to this agreement with Aon, Aon made a cash payment to Porch in the amount of approximately $25 million plus will make an additional cash payment to us in 2025, and will share with our insurance carrier affiliates a percentage of the brokerage revenue received by Aon for the placement of reinsurance contracts on their behalf that incept or renew each calendar year from 2025 through 2028. If we breach the agreement, we may be required to refund certain of the amounts paid by Aon to us (or to our affiliates) under the Agreement, subject to customary cure rights. Among other things, we could breach the agreement through incidents outside of our control, such as a decrease in financial stability rating, or by directly or indirectly placing reinsurance with brokers unaffiliated with Aon. Any such required repayment upon a breach of the agreement could impact our financial condition and results of operations.
The failure to accurately and timely pay claims could harm our insurance businesses.
Though our insurance businesses historically evaluated and paid claims timely and in accordance with its policies and statutory obligations, they must continue to manage costs and close claims expeditiously. Many factors affect the ability to evaluate and pay claims accurately and timely, including training and experience of claims staff, claims department’ s culture and the effectiveness of management, the ability to develop or select and implement appropriate procedures and systems to support claims functions and other factors. The failure to accurately and timely pay claims could lead to regulatory and administrative actions or material litigation, undermine our insurance businesses’ reputation in the marketplace and materially and adversely affect their businesses, financial conditions and results of operations.
If our insurance businesses are unable to hire, train and retain claims staff, their claims departments may be required to handle an increasing workload, which could adversely affect the quality of their claims administration, and could materially and adversely impact our business.
Reinsurance may be unavailable at current levels and prices, which may limit our ability to write new business. Furthermore, reinsurance subjects us to counterparty risk and may not be adequate to protect us against losses, which could have a material effect on results of our operations and financial condition.
Reinsurance is a contract by which an insurer, which may be referred to as the ceding insurer, agrees with a second insurer, called a reinsurer, that the reinsurer will cover a portion of the losses incurred by the ceding insurer in the event a claim is made under a policy issued by the ceding insurer, in exchange for a premium. HOA obtains reinsurance to help manage its exposure to property and casualty insurance risks. Reinsurance is purchased annually, and capacity and acceptable pricing cannot be guaranteed, which may limit HOA’s growth or financial strength rating. If reinsurance becomes unavailable at current levels or prices, our ability to write new business will be hindered. Although our reinsurance counterparties are liable to us according to the terms of the reinsurance policies, we remain primarily liable to our policyholders as the direct insurers on all risks reinsured. As a result, reinsurance does not eliminate the obligation of our insurance company
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subsidiary to pay all claims, and we are subject to the risk that one or more of our reinsurers will be unable or unwilling to honor its obligations, that the reinsurers will not pay in a timely fashion, or that our losses are so large that they exceed the limits specified in our reinsurance contracts, limiting recovery. Reinsurers may become financially unsound by the time that they are called upon to pay amounts due, which may not occur for many years, in which case we may have no legal ability to recover what is due to us under our agreement with such reinsurer. Any disputes with reinsurers regarding coverage under reinsurance contracts could be time consuming, costly, and uncertain of success.
Failure to maintain our insurance carriers’ risk-based capital at the required levels could adversely affect the ability of our insurance company subsidiary to maintain regulatory authority to conduct our business.
We must have sufficient capital to comply with insurance regulatory requirements and maintain authority to conduct our business. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners has developed a system to test the adequacy of statutory capital of U.S.-based insurers, known as risk-based capital that all states have adopted. This system establishes the minimum amount of capital necessary for an insurance company to support its overall business operations. It identifies insurers, including property-casualty insurers, that may be inadequately capitalized by looking at certain inherent risks of each insurer’s assets and liabilities and its mix of net written premiums. Insurers falling below a calculated threshold may be subject to varying degrees of regulatory action, including supervision, rehabilitation or liquidation.
Similarly, our wholly-owned, Cayman Islands-based captive reinsurer, Porticus Re, is subject to additional capital and other regulatory requirements imposed by the Cayman Islands Monetary Authority (“CIMA”). Although these capital requirements are generally less constraining than U.S. capital requirements, failure to satisfy these requirements could result in regulatory actions from the CIMA or loss of or modification of Porticus Re’s Class B(iii) insurer license, which could adversely impact our ability to improve our overall capital efficiency.
As a mid-sized carrier expanding its national presence, we may face additional capital and surplus requirements as compared to those of our larger and more established competitors. Failure to maintain adequate risk-based capital at the required levels could result in increasingly onerous reporting and examination requirements and could adversely affect our ability to maintain regulatory authority to conduct our business.
Our insurance businesses’ loss reserves may be inadequate to cover actual losses.
Loss reserves are estimates of the ultimate cost of claims and do not represent a precise calculation of any ultimate liability. These estimates are based on historical information and on estimates of future trends that may affect the frequency and severity of claims that may be reported in the future. Estimating loss reserves is a difficult, complex, and inherently uncertain process involving many variables and subjective judgments, Significant periods of time can elapse between the occurrence of an insured loss, the reporting of a claim, and payment of that claim. Loss reserves are estimates of the ultimate cost of claims and do not represent a precise calculation of any ultimate liability of our insurance businesses. These estimates are based on the analysis of historical loss development patterns and on estimates of current labor and material costs. The various factors reviewed include:
loss emergence, reporting and development patterns;
underlying policy terms and conditions;
business and exposure mix;
trends in claims frequency and severity;
changes in operations;
emerging economic and social trends;
inflation; and
changes in the regulatory and litigation environments.
This process assumes that past experience, adjusted for the effects of current developments and anticipated trends, is an appropriate basis for predicting future events. It also assumes that adequate historical or other data exists upon which to make these judgments. There is no precise method for evaluating the impact of variances in estimates. If the actual amount of insured losses is greater than the amount reserved for these losses, our insurance businesses’ profitability could suffer.
The performance of our insurance businesses’ investment portfolios is subject to a variety of investment risks.
The results of operations of our insurance businesses depend, in part, on the performance of their investment portfolios. Our insurance businesses seek to hold a high-quality portfolio managed by a provider investment advisory firm in accordance with its investment policy and routinely reviewed by the internal management team. Investments, however, are subject to general economic conditions and market risks as well as risks inherent to particular securities.
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The values of our insurance businesses’ investment portfolios are subject to the risk that certain investments may default or become impaired due to deterioration in the financial condition of an issuer’s payments on such investments. Downgrades in the credit ratings of fixed income securities could also have a significant negative effect on the market valuation of such securities.
Such factors could reduce our insurance businesses’ net investment incomes and result in realized investment losses, as well as negatively impact its statutory capital. Our insurance businesses’ investment portfolios are subject to increased valuation uncertainties when investment markets are illiquid, thereby increasing the risk that the estimated fair value (i.e. carrying amount) of the securities our insurance businesses hold in their portfolio does not reflect prices at which accrual transactions would occur.
Risks for all types of securities are managed through the application of our insurance businesses’ investment policies, which establish investment parameters that include maximum percentages of investment in certain types of securities and minimum levels of credit quality, which they believe are within applicable guidelines established by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. In addition, our insurance businesses seek to employ investment strategies that are not correlated with its insurance and reinsurance exposures, however, losses in their investment portfolios may occur at the same time as underwriting losses.
Our insurance businesses could be forced to sell investments to meet liquidity requirements.
Our insurance businesses invest premiums until they are needed to pay policyholder claims. Consequently, our insurance businesses seek to manage the duration of their investment portfolios based on the duration of their losses and loss adjustment expenses payment cycles in order to ensure sufficient liquidity and to avoid having to unexpectedly liquidate investments to fund claims. In addition, unfavorable trends in litigation could potentially result in the need to sell investments to fund these liabilities. Our insurance businesses may not be able to sell their investments at favorable prices or at all. Sales of invested assets could result in significant realized losses depending on the conditions of the general market, interest rates, and credit issues with individual securities. Further, losses may impact surplus and require additional capital to fund statutory surplus requirements, which may not be available or available on terms that are not favorable to the Company.
Our results of operations and financial condition may be adversely affected due to limitations in the analytical models or changes in accessibility to such models used to assess and predict our exposure to catastrophic losses.
Models developed internally and by third-party vendors are used along with our own historical data in assessing property insurance exposure to catastrophic losses. These models assume various conditions and probability scenarios; however, they do not necessarily accurately predict future losses or measure losses currently incurred. Further, the accuracy of such models may be negatively impacted by changing climate conditions. Catastrophe models use historical information and scientific research about natural events, such as hurricanes and earthquakes, as well as detailed information about our in-force business. This information is used in connection with pricing and risk management activities. However, since actual catastrophic events vary considerably, there are limitations with respect to its usefulness in predicting losses in any reporting period. Other limitations are evident in significant variations in estimates between models, material increases and decreases in results due to model changes and refinements of the underlying data elements and actual conditions that are not yet well understood or may not be properly incorporated into the models.
Risks Relating to Financial Reporting and Results of Operations
We have previously identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting that could have resulted in material misstatements in our financial statements and in the inability of our independent registered public accounting firm to provide an unqualified audit opinion which could have a material adverse effect on us.
As a public company, we are required to comply with the SEC’s rules implementing Sections 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, which require management to certify financial and other information in our quarterly and annual reports and provide an annual management report on the effectiveness of controls over financial reporting.
As disclosed under “Item 9A. Controls and Procedures” of this Annual Report, during the course of preparing our audited financial statements for our Annual Reports on Form 10-K for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022, we, in conjunction with our independent registered public accounting firm, identified certain material weaknesses. A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. During 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023 we dedicated multiple internal resources and supplemented those internal resources with various third-party specialists to assist with the implementation of the detailed
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remediation plans, including enhancing our processes and systems. As of December 31, 2023, we have remediated all of the previously identified material weaknesses and concluded that our internal control over financial reporting is effective.
Our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, does not expect that our internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the control system’s objectives will be met. Further, the design of a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the controls. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in circumstances or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may occur. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and may not be detected.
Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate in the future. As a result, we may fail to meet or exceed the expectations of the market, including research analysts or investors, which could cause our stock price to decline.
Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate as a result of a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. If our quarterly operating results or guidance fall below the expectations of research analysts or investors, the price of our common stock could decline substantially. Fluctuations in our quarterly operating results or guidance may be due to a number of factors, including, but not limited to, those listed below:
economic trends related to software companies, companies not yet profitable, home-related companies, companies that went public through a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) transaction, the home services and insurance industries, and general economic, industry and market conditions;
seasonality;
the extent to which home services companies, consumers, service providers, and commercial partners are attracted to our solutions to satisfy their (and in the case of home services companies and commercial partners, their customers’) needs;
the timing, commitment levels, and revenue share rates at which we enter into agreement for our solutions with home services companies and service providers, along with their ongoing capacity and fulfillment performance to handle volume and the effectiveness of our marketing and affiliate channels to drive volume to our network;
the volume of consumer referrals that home services companies and commercial partners send to us, and the addition or loss of large home services companies or commercial partners, including through acquisitions or consolidations;
the mix of home services companies and commercial partners across small, mid-sized and large organizations;
changes in our pricing policies or those of our competitors, including loss of customers due to increased price of our policies;
volatility in commissions from our insurance business;
severe weather events, including tornado and hail events, hurricanes, extensive wildfires and other catastrophes, and the frequency of any of the foregoing, including the effects of climate change and global pandemics;
volatility, as well as severity, in claims from our insurance business;
widespread claim costs associated with P&C claims;
losses resulting from actual policy experience that is adverse to assumptions made in product pricing;
our insurance carrier being placed under regulatory supervision or losing or receiving a downgrade its credit rating;
the timing and delay in introducing new policy pricing due to seeking regulatory approval for price changes
losses resulting from a decline in the value of our invested assets;
declines in value and/or losses with respect to companies and other entities whose securities we hold and counterparties with whom we transact business or to whom we have credit exposure, including reinsurers, and declines in the value of investments;
the financial health of our home services companies, consumers, service providers, and commercial partners;
the amount and timing of operating expenses, including those related to the maintenance and expansion of our business, operations and infrastructure;
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the timing and success of new solutions introduced by us;
the timing and success of current and new products and services introduced by our competitors;
other changes in the competitive dynamics of our industry, including consolidation among competitors, customers or strategic partners;
our ability to manage our existing business and future growth, including increases in the number of customers on our platform and new geographic regions; and
various other factors, including those related to significant disruptions in our systems and platform infrastructure risks related to independent contractors, and privacy and data security breaches, each of which is described elsewhere in this “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” section.
Our earnings guidance and resulting external analyst estimates are largely based on our view of our business and the broader housing, housing services and insurance markets. Further, there is additional risk in our ability to accurately forecast our operational and financial performance and provide earnings guidance as a result of evolving economic downturn, continued inflationary cost increases and uncertainty of frequency and severity of weather events and related claims. Failure to meet our guidance or analyst expectations for earnings would have an adverse impact on the market price of our common stock.
Our quarterly results of operations fluctuate due to seasonality in consumer demand and historical weather trends, in addition to other factors associated with our industry.
Our businesses are seasonal due to consumer demands and historical weather trends, and as a result our results of operations and cash flows fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter. Historically, our revenues have been strongest in the second and third fiscal quarters due to peak real estate transaction activity occurring during the summer months coupled with historically more mild weather. The first and fourth fiscal quarters are generally weakest, due to lower real estate transaction activity during the winter months coupled with historically more severe weather events. As a result, our operating results for any given quarterly period are not necessarily indicative of operating results for an entire year. In addition, we are rapidly evolving our partnerships and capabilities, and continually improving our underwriting and approach to reinsurance, which makes comparisons to previous seasons difficult.
We have a history of losses, and we may be unable to achieve or sustain profitability.
We have experienced net losses in each year since our inception. We incurred operating losses of $190.4 million, $177.0 million and $83.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and as of December 31, 2023, we had an accumulated deficit of $722.1 million. We will need to generate and sustain increased revenue levels and decrease proportionate expenses in future periods to achieve profitability, and even if we do, we may not be able to maintain or increase profitability. While we are undertaking efforts that we believe will increase our revenue, these efforts may not be sufficiently successful in order to offset these expenses. Many of our efforts to generate additional revenue are new and unproven, and any failure to adequately increase revenue or contain the related costs could prevent us from attaining or increasing profitability. Our recent growth in revenue and number of home services companies, consumers, service providers and commercial partners may not be sustainable, and we may not achieve sufficient revenue to achieve or maintain profitability. We may incur significant losses in the future for a number of reasons, including the other risks described in this “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” section, and we may encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications and delays and other unknown events. Accordingly, we may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability and we may incur significant losses for the foreseeable future.
We have incurred and will continue to incur increased costs as a result of being a public company that reports to the SEC and our management will be required to devote substantial time to meet compliance obligations.
As a public company reporting to the SEC, we incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. We are subject to reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as rules subsequently implemented by the Securities and Exchange Commission that impose significant requirements on public companies, including requiring establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls and changes in corporate governance practices. In addition, on July 21, 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Protection Act was enacted. There are significant corporate governance and executive compensation-related provisions in the Dodd-Frank Act that increased our legal and financial compliance costs, make some activities more difficult, time-consuming or costly and may also place undue strain on our personnel, systems and resources. Our management and other personnel devote a substantial amount of time to these compliance initiatives.
Compliance with public company requirements is costly and makes certain activities more time-consuming generally, and those costs will increase if we continue to acquire new companies, in particular. A number of those requirements will
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require us to carry out activities we, or an acquired company, have not done previously. For example, we have adopted and will continue to adopt new internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures. In addition, expenses associated with SEC reporting requirements will be incurred. Furthermore, if any issues in complying with those requirements are identified (for example, our auditors have in the past and may in the future identify material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal control over financial reporting), we could incur additional costs rectifying those issues, and the existence of those issues could adversely affect our reputation or investor perceptions of it.
Companies are also facing increasing scrutiny from customers, regulators, investors, and other stakeholders related to their environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) practices and disclosures. Failure to adapt to or comply with regulatory requirements or investor or stakeholder expectations and standards could negatively impact our reputation, ability to do business with certain partners, and harm our business. New government regulations could also result in new or more stringent forms of ESG oversight and expanding mandatory and voluntary reporting, diligence, and disclosure, including with respect to climate-related disclosure. Increased ESG related compliance costs could impact our operations and business.
Our risk management policies and procedures may prove to be ineffective and leave us exposed to unidentified or unanticipated risk.
We have identified and continue to develop enterprise-wide risk management policies and procedures to mitigate risk and loss to which we are exposed. There are inherent limitations to our risk management strategies because there may be existing or future risks that have not been fully identified. If internal risk management policies and procedures are ineffective, we may suffer unexpected losses which could be material and adversely affect our financial results and operations. Our risk management framework may not evolve at the same pace as we expand our business. As a result, there is a risk that new products or new business strategies may present risks that are not fully identified, effectively monitored, or thoroughly managed.
We are subject to credit risk arising from the financial soundness of counterparties, including our reinsurance partners, which may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We have exposure to different counterparties in the industries in which we operate, which expose us to credit risk in the event of a default or other failure to adhere to contractual obligations by a counterparty. Specifically, our insurance carrier cedes risk to third-party insurance companies through reinsurance contracts that cover large volumes of business and exposes us to increased credit risk. Our credit risk may be exacerbated when collateral held by us is not sufficient to offset credit risk, changes in value, cannot be realized upon, or is liquidated at prices not sufficient to recover the full amount of the credit exposure due to us. This could lead to losses, the extent of which is unknown, and any such losses could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
Our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.
As of December 31, 2023, we had net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal income tax purposes and state income tax purposes of $425.1 million and $260.4 million, respectively, available to offset future taxable income. If not utilized, the federal net operating loss carryforward amounts generated prior to January 1, 2018, will begin to expire in 2031, and the state net operating loss carryforward amounts will begin to expire in 2023. Realization of these net operating loss carryforwards depends on our future taxable income, and there is a risk that our existing carryforwards subject to expiration could expire unused and be unavailable to offset future income tax liabilities, which could materially and adversely affect our operating results. In addition, under Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, if a corporation undergoes an “ownership change,” generally defined as a greater than 50% change (by value) in its equity ownership over a three-year period, the corporation’s ability to use its pre-change net operating loss carryforwards and other pre-change tax attributes, such as research tax credits, to offset its post-change income may be limited. The Company has determined that it has experienced a limited number of ownership changes in its history, but have concluded that the resulting limitation does not impose any significant constraints on the benefit of its tax attributes. Additional ownership changes may occur in the future.
Risks Relating to Compliance with Laws and Regulations, and Litigation
Our insurance businesses are subject to state governmental regulation, which could limit the growth of our insurance businesses and impose additional costs on us.
Our insurance businesses are subject to extensive regulation and supervision by individual state insurance departments in the states where they transact business. This regulation is generally designed to protect the interests of customers, and not necessarily the interests of insurers or agents, their shareholders, or other investors. Numerous aspects of our insurance businesses are subject to regulation, including premium rates, mandatory covered risks, limitations on the ability to not renew business, prohibited exclusions, licensing and appointment of agents, restrictions on the size of risks that may be
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insured under a single policy, policy forms and coverages, advertising and other conduct, including restrictions on the use of credit information and other underwriting factors, as well as other underwriting and claims practices. To the extent our insurance businesses decide to expand product offerings to include other insurance products, such as pet, auto, or life insurance, this would subject them to additional regulatory requirements and scrutiny in each state where it elects to offer such products. States may also regulate various aspects of the contractual relationships between insurers and independent agents.
Such laws and regulations are usually overseen and enforced by various insurance departments, as well as through private rights of action and by some state attorneys general. Such regulations or enforcement actions may result in rate suppression, limit the ability of our insurance businesses to manage exposure to unprofitable or volatile risks, or lead to fines, premium refunds, or other adverse consequences. As a result of noncompliance, regulators could impose fines or other penalties, including cease-and-desist orders for an individual state, or all states, until the identified noncompliance is rectified.
Our insurance businesses are also subject to examinations by the insurance departments of any state where our insurance businesses are domiciled or licensed to sell insurance. These insurance departments may, at any time, conduct comprehensive or targeted examinations of our business practices and address concerns or perceived deficiencies. The results of these examinations can give rise to regulatory orders requiring fines, remedial, injunctive, or other corrective action. The exams could also result in the expenditure of significant management time or financial resources.
Our insurance businesses maintain licenses with a number of individual state insurance departments. If we are unable to comply with such regulations, we may be precluded or temporarily suspended from carrying on some or all of the activities of our insurance businesses or otherwise be fined or penalized in a given jurisdiction. Additionally, actual or perceived failure to comply with such state regulation may give rise to a right to terminate under arrangements with the insurance providers. Our continued ability to maintain our insurance licenses in the jurisdictions in which we are licensed or to expand to new operations or new jurisdictions depends on our compliance with the rules and regulations promulgated from time to time by the regulatory authorities in each of these jurisdictions.
In all jurisdictions, the applicable laws and regulations are subject to amendment and interpretation by regulatory authorities. Generally, such authorities are vested with relatively broad discretion to grant, renew and revoke licenses and approvals and to implement and interpret rules and regulations. No assurances can be given that our insurance businesses can continue to be conducted in any given jurisdiction as it has been conducted in the past or that we will be able to expand our insurance business in the future.
Certain states require insurers, such as HOA, to participate in various pools or risk sharing mechanisms or to accept certain classes of risk, regardless of whether such risks meet underwriting guidelines for voluntary business. Some states also limit or impose restrictions on the ability of an insurer to withdraw from certain classes of business. State insurance departments can impose significant charges on an insurer in connection with a market withdrawal or refuse to approve withdrawal plans on the ground that this could lead to market disruption. Laws and regulations that limit cancellations and non-renewals of policies or that subject withdrawal plans prior to approval requirements may significantly restrict our insurance businesses’ ability to exit unprofitable markets. Such actions and related regulatory restrictions may limit their ability to reduce potential exposure to hurricane-related losses.
Furthermore, certain states have enacted laws requiring an insurer conducting business in that state to participate in assigned risk and/or shared market plans. For example, state law requires all companies licensed to write property insurance in Texas to be a member of the Texas Windstorm Insurance Association (“TWIA”). TWIA provides basic property coverage to applicants in certain designated catastrophe areas who are unable to obtain insurance in the private market. Carrier participation is based on the amount of a company’s voluntary market share. In these markets, our insurance business, Homeowners of America Insurance Company (HOAIC), may be compelled to underwrite significant amounts of business at lower-than-desired rates, possibly leading to an unacceptable return on equity. Alternatively, as TWIA recognizes a financial deficit, it has the ability to assess participating insurers, adversely affecting our results of operations and financial condition. Furthermore, certain states require insurers to participate in guaranty funds for impaired or insolvent companies. These funds periodically assess losses against all insurance companies doing business in the state. For example, in 2022 HOAIC was subject to guaranty fund assessments in Texas and South Carolina. Our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected by any of these factors.
The processing, storage, use and disclosure of personal data is subject to a variety of federal and state laws and regulations and could give rise to liabilities and increased costs.

We receive, process, store and transmit a significant amount of personal,personally confidential or sensitive personal information about consumers that use our products and services. In addition, we accept payments (including recurring payments) from home services companies, consumers and service providers. The manner in which we share, store, use, disclose and protect
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this information is determined by the respective privacy and data security policies of our various businesses, as well as federal and state laws and regulations and evolving industry standards and practices. These laws, regulations, standards and practices are continually evolving, and in some cases, may subject us to inconsistent and conflicting obligations and may be subject to differing interpretations. In addition, new laws, regulations, standards and practices of this nature are proposed and adopted from time to time.

Moreover, multiple legislative proposals concerning privacy and the protection of user information are being considered by the U.S. Congress and various state legislatures (including those in Illinois, New York, Virginia and Washington).legislatures. Other U.S. state legislatures have already enacted privacy legislation, one of the strictest and most comprehensive of which is the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 (the “CCPA”). The CCPA became effective January 1,, as modified by the California Privacy Rights Act of 2020 with penalties becoming enforceable under the CCPA on July 1, 2020.(the “CPRA”). The CCPA imposes strict requirements and restrictions on the use of personal information with respect to California consumers, including mandating that companies provide consumers with information with respect to personal information is being collected about them and how it is being used upon request, as well granting consumers significant control over the use of their personal information (including the right to have such information deleted and the right to object to the “sale” (as defined in the CCPA) of such information) and mandating new operational requirements for businesses (primarily providing consumers with enhanced privacy-related disclosures). The CCPA imposes strict requirements on the ability of our businesses to use personal California user and subscriber information in connection with our various products, services and operations, such as retargeting users with advertisements online, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. The CCPA also provides consumers withCPRA introduced data minimization and storage limitation requirements and created a private right of action for security breaches, as well as statutory damages of upnew regulatory agency to $750 per violation, withimplement and enforce the California Attorney General maintaining authoritylaw. Other states have similarly enacted comprehensive privacy laws, which are similar to enforce the CCPA and seek civil penalties for intentional violations of the CCPA of upCPRA in many respects, and legislative proposals to $7,500 per violation. In addition, California voters approved a ballot initiative related to consumer dataadopt comprehensive privacy laws in November 2020 that could further restrict the ability of our businesses to use personal California user and subscriber information in connection with our various products, services and operations and/or impose additional operational requirements on our businesses, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Lastly, the FTC has also increased its focus on privacy and data security practices, as evidenced by the first-of-its-kind, $5.0 billion dollar fine against a social media platform for privacy violations in July 2019.

other states are under consideration.

While we continue to invest heavily in compliance efforts with respect to applicable privacy and data protection policies, law and regulation and industry standards and practices, we could still be subject to claims of non-compliance that we may not be able to successfully defend, and/or to significant fines and penalties. Moreover, any non-compliance or perceived non-compliance by us or any third party we engage to store or process information, or any compromise of security that results in unauthorized access to (or use or transmission of) personal information could result in a variety of claims against us, including governmental enforcement actions, significant fines, litigation (including consumer class actions), claims for breach of contract and indemnity by third parties and adverse publicity. When such events occur, our reputation could be harmed and the competitive positions of our various brands and businesses could be diminished, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, to the extent multiple U.S. state-level laws are introduced with inconsistent or conflicting standards and there is no federal preemption of such laws, compliance could be even more difficult to achieve and our potential exposure to the risks discussed above could increase.

Furthermore, our ability to comply with all applicable privacy and data protection policies, law and regulation and industry standards and practices may affect our ability to do business with our commercial partners. Some commercial partners have imposed significant data protection requirements in the past, and commercial partners may in the future impose requirements that, particularly given our relative size and resources, result in burdensome compliance obligations to us. These obligations and ongoing compliance with existing and future privacy and data protection laws worldwide could be costly, and if we cannot fully comply, we could face liability, reputational harm or loss of relationships with customers or commercial partners. The devotion of significant costs to compliance (versus the development of products

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and services) could result in delays in the development of new products and services, decreases in or loss of business with commercial partners, abandonment of problematic products and services in existing jurisdictions and an inability to introduce new products and services in certain new and existing jurisdictions, each of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Certain of our business customers (namely, including loan officers, mortgage companies, financial institutions and other companies’ business customers that may be involved in the home purchase, mortgage and settlement process) are or may be, and in some cases we are or may be, subject to, and/or we may facilitate compliance with, a variety of federal, state, and local laws, including those related to consumer protection and financial services.
Many of our customers and prospective customers are highly regulated and, of that group, may be required to comply with stringent regulations in connection with performing business functions that our products and services address. In some cases, we facilitate (directly or indirectly) compliance with these regulatory requirements. While we currently operate our business in an effort to ensure our business itself is not subject to extensive regulation, there is a risk that certain regulations could become applicable to us, including as we expand the functionality of, and services offered through our platforms. In addition, we and our partners, vendors, and other service providers must comply with laws and regulatory regimes that apply to us directly and our partners, vendors, and other service providers indirectly, such as through certain of our products and/or our contractual relationships with our customers.
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In particular, certain laws, regulations, and rules our customers are subject to, and with which may or do facilitate compliance, directly or indirectly, include:
the Truth in Lending Act, or TILA, and Regulation Z promulgated thereunder, and similar state laws, which require certain disclosures to borrowers regarding the terms and conditions of their loans and credit transactions, and require creditors to comply with certain lending practice restrictions as well as the TILA-RESPA Integrated Disclosure rule, or TRID, which imposes specific requirements around the collection of information, charging of fees, and disclosure of specific loan terms and costs upon receipt of an application for credit;
the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, or RESPA, and Regulation X, which, among other matters, prohibits giving or accepting any fee, kickback or a thing of value for the referral of real estate settlement services or accepting a portion or split of a settlement fee other than for services actually provided; for affiliated business relationships, prohibits receiving anything other than a legitimate return on ownership, requiring use of an affiliate, and failing to provide a disclosure of the affiliate relationship;
the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, or ECOA, and Regulation B promulgated thereunder, and similar state fair lending laws, which prohibit creditors from discouraging or discriminating against credit applicants on the basis of race, color, sex, age, religion, national origin, marital status, the fact that all or part of the applicant’s income derives from any public assistance program or the fact that the applicant has in good faith exercised any right under the federal Consumer Credit Protection Act;
the Fair Credit Reporting Act, or FCRA, and Regulation V promulgated thereunder, which impose certain obligations on consumer reporting agencies, users of consumer reports and those that furnish information to consumer reporting agencies, including obligations relating to obtaining consumer reports, marketing using consumer reports, taking adverse action on the basis of information from consumer reports and protecting the privacy and security of consumer reports and consumer report information;
Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, or the FTC Act, which prohibits unfair and deceptive acts or practices in or affecting commerce, and Section 1031 of the Dodd-Frank Act, which prohibits unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices in connection with any consumer financial product, warranty contract or service, and analogous state laws prohibiting unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices;
the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, or GLBA, and Regulation P promulgated thereunder, which include limitations on financial services firms’ disclosure of nonpublic personal information about a consumer to nonaffiliated third parties, in certain circumstances requires financial services firms to limit the use and further disclosure of nonpublic personal information by nonaffiliated third parties to whom they disclose such information, and requires financial services firms to disclose certain privacy notices and practices with respect to information sharing with affiliated and unaffiliated entities as well as to safeguard personal borrower information, and other privacy laws and regulations;
the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, or HMDA, and Regulation C, which require reporting of loan origination data, including the number of loan applications taken, approved, denied and withdrawn;
the Fair Housing Act, or FHA, which prohibits discrimination in housing on the basis of race, sex, national origin, and certain other characteristics;
the Secure and Fair Enforcement for Mortgage Licensing, or the SAFE Act, which imposes state licensing requirements on mortgage loan originators;
the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act, or ESIGN Act, and similar state laws, particularly the Uniform Electronic Transactions Act, or UETA, which authorize the creation of legally binding and enforceable agreements utilizing electronic records and signatures and which require financial services firms to obtain a consumer’s consent to electronically receive disclosures required under federal and state laws and regulations;
the Americans with Disabilities Act, or ADA, which has been interpreted to include websites as “places of public accommodations” that must meet certain federal requirements related to access and use;
the Bank Secrecy Act, or BSA, and the USA PATRIOT Act, which relate to compliance with anti-money laundering, borrower due diligence and record-keeping policies and procedures;
the regulations promulgated by the Office of Foreign Assets Control, or OFAC, under the U.S. Treasury Department related to the administration and enforcement of sanctions against foreign jurisdictions and persons that threaten U.S. foreign policy and national security goals, primarily to prevent targeted jurisdictions and persons from accessing the U.S. financial system; and
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other federal, state-specific and local laws and regulations.
In addition to the laws, regulations, and rules that apply to our customers and others, and that we facilitate compliance with, we may be deemed to be subject to certain laws, regulations, and rules through our relationships with our customers or others including RESPA, FCRA, FTC Act, GLBA, FHA, TCPA, TSR, ESIGN Act, ADA, OFAC, and other federal and state-specific laws and regulations, including those that impose requirements related to unfair or deceptive business practices and consumer protection, as well as other state laws relating to privacy, information security, and conduct in connection with data breaches. We may also be examined on a periodic basis by various regulatory agencies and may be required to review certain of our partners, vendors, or other service providers. These potential examinations may lead to increased regulatory compliance efforts that are time-consuming and expensive operationally. Matters subject to review and examination by federal and state regulatory agencies and external auditors include our internal information technology controls in connection with our performance of services, the agreements giving rise to these activities, and the design of our products and services. Any inability to satisfy these examinations and maintain compliance with applicable regulations could adversely affect our ability to conduct our business, including attracting and maintaining customers.
Furthermore, federal and state officials are discussing various potential changes to laws and regulations that could impact us, including additional data privacy regulations, among others. Changes in these areas, generally in the regulatory environment in which we and our customers operate, could adversely impact our competitive position and results of operations.
While we have developed policies and procedures designed to assist in compliance with these laws and regulations, no assurance can be given that our compliance policies and procedures will be effective. Compliance with these requirements is also costly, time-consuming and limits our operational flexibility. Additionally, Congress, states’ regulatory agencies, as well as local municipalities, could further regulate the relevant industries in ways that make it more difficult or costly for us to offer our products and related services. These laws also are often subject to changes that could severely limit the operations of our business model. Further, changes in the regulatory application and/or judicial interpretation of the laws and regulations applicable to our businesses could also impact the manner in which we conduct our business. If we or our partners, vendors or other service providers are found to be in non-compliance with applicable laws, we could become subject to greater scrutiny by federal and/or state regulatory agencies, and/or face other sanctions, which may have an adverse effect on our ability to continue to provide our services or make our products and related services available in particular states, or utilize the services of third-party providers, which may harm our business. In addition, non-compliance could subject us to damages, class action lawsuits, administrative enforcement actions, rescission rights held by investors in securities offerings and civil and criminal liability, all of which would adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
We are subject to payment network rules and any material modification of our payment card acceptance privileges could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

The loss of our credit and debit card acceptance privileges or the significant modification of the terms under which we obtain card acceptance privileges would significantly limit our business model since a substantial number of our customers and commercial partners pay using credit or debit cards. We are required by our payment processors to comply with payment card network operating rules, including the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards (the “PCI DSS”). Under the PCI DSS, we are required to adopt and implement internal controls over the use, storage, and transmission of card data to help prevent credit card fraud. If we fail to comply with the rules and regulations adopted by the payment card networks, including the PCI DSS, we would be in breach of our contractual obligations to payment processors and merchant banks. Such failure to comply may damage our relationship with payment card networks, subject us to restrictions, fines, penalties, damages, and civil liability, and could eventually prevent us from processing or accepting payment cards, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, and financial condition. Moreover, the payment card networks could adopt new operating rules or interpret or reinterpret existing rules that we or our payment processors might find difficult or even impossible to comply with, or costly to implement. As a result, we could lose our ability to give consumers the option of using payment cards to make their payments. Further, there is no guarantee that, even if we comply with the rules and regulations adopted by the payment card networks, we will be able to maintain our payment card acceptance privileges. We also cannot guarantee that our compliance with network rules or the PCI DSS will prevent illegal or improper use of our payments platform or the theft, loss, or misuse of the credit card data of customers or participants, or a security breach. We are also required to submit to periodic audits, self-assessments, and other assessments of our compliance with the PCI DSS. If an audit, self-assessment, or other assessment indicates that we need to take steps to remediate any deficiencies, such remediation efforts may distract our management team and require us to undertake costly and time-consuming remediation efforts, and we could lose our payment card acceptance privileges.

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Our success depends, in part,marketing efforts are subject to a variety of federal and state regulations.
We conduct marketing activities, directly and indirectly, via telephone, text (SMS) messages, email, direct mail and/or through other online and offline marketing channels. Such general marketing activities are governed by numerous federal and state regulations, including the Telemarketing Sales Rule (“TSR”), the TCPA, state and federal Do-Not-Call regulations and other state telemarketing laws, federal and state privacy laws, the CAN-SPAM Act, and the FTC Act and its accompanying regulations and guidelines, among others. In addition to being subject to action by regulatory agencies, some of these laws, like the TCPA, allow private individuals to bring litigation against companies for breach of these laws. We are also dependent on our abilitythird-party partners to developcomply with applicable laws. Any lawsuit or action by a regulatory agency for an actual or alleged violation of applicable law or regulation by us or our third-party partners may have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and monetize versionsfinancial condition.
All U.S. jurisdictions require insurers to maintain control of their marketing materials. States have adopted legislation defining and prohibiting unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive practices in the business of insurance. Prohibited practices include but are not limited to, misrepresentations, false advertising, coercion, disparaging other insurers, unfair claims settlement practices and procedures, and discrimination in the business of insurance. Noncompliance with any such state statute may subject our insurance businesses to regulatory action by the relevant state insurance regulator, and in certain states, private litigation.
The federal government may also regulate aspects of our productsinsurance businesses, such as protection of consumer confidential information, or the use of consumer credit scores to underwrite and servicesassess the risk of customers under the Fair Credit Reporting Act (“FCRA”). Among other things, the FCRA requires insurance companies to have a permissible purpose prior to obtaining and using a consumer report for mobileunderwriting purposes as well as comply with notice and recordkeeping requirements. Failure to comply with federal requirements under the FCRA or any other applicable federal laws would subject our insurance businesses to regulatory fines and other digital devices.

As consumers increasingly access productssanctions.

Litigation and services through mobileregulatory actions could distract management, increase our expenses or subject us to material monetary damages and other digital devices,remedies.
We are subject to various legal proceedings and claims that have arisen out of the conduct of our business and are not yet resolved, including claims alleging violations of the automated calling and/or Do Not Call restrictions of the TCPA, and putative class action claims for failure to pay overtime, failure to pay compensation at the time of separation and unfair business practices in violation of California law. In the future, we will needmay be involved from time to continuetime in various additional legal proceedings, including, but not limited to, devote significantactions relating to breach of contract, breach of federal and state privacy laws, and intellectual property infringement, as well as regulatory investigations or civil and criminal enforcement actions that might necessitate changes to our business or operations. Regardless of whether any claims, investigations or actions against us have merit, or whether we are ultimately held liable or subject to payment of damages or penalties, claims, investigations and enforcement actions may be expensive to defend or comply with, and may divert management’s time and resourcesaway from our operations. If any legal proceeding, regulatory investigation or regulatory enforcement action were to develop new applications and functionalities to ensure that our products and services are accessible across these platforms. If we do not keep pace with evolving online, market and industry trends, including the introduction of new and enhanced digital devices and changes in the preferences and needs of consumers and service professionals generally, offer new and/or enhanced products and services in response to such trends that resonate with consumers and service professionals, monetize products and services for mobile and other digital devices as effectively as our traditional products and services and/or maintain related systems, technology and infrastructureresult in an efficient and cost-effective manner,unfavorable outcome, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial conditionposition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

In addition, the success of future mobileoperations. Any adverse publicity resulting from actual or potential litigation, regulatory enforcement actions or regulatory investigations may also materially and other digital products and services depends on their interoperability with various third-party operating systems, technology, infrastructure and standards, including rapidly evolving mobile data privacy standards, over which we have no control. Any changes to any of these things that compromise the quality or functionality of our mobile and other digital products and services could adversely affect their usage levels and/or our ability to attract consumers and service professionals,reputation, which in turn could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We See “Item 3. Legal Proceedings” of this Annual Report for additional information with respect to material litigation and other proceedings to which we are party.

Our moving services business is subject to state regulations and certain state regulatory structures do not address our business model for moving services. Compliance with required licensure and other regulatory requirements could be costly and any inability to comply could harm our business.
Our moving services business is subject to licensure and bonding requirements that various states impose in connection with the performance of certain services and trades. Additionally, in some jurisdictions, the existing regulatory structures do not contemplate our hybrid business model of marketplace (where consumers search for providers on our platform and book moving services themselves) and managed services (where we manage moving services on consumers’ behalf). Furthermore, interest groups in certain jurisdictions have lobbied and may not be ablein the future lobby for regulations that make our hybrid model more difficult or impossible to protectmaintain in those jurisdictions. Any future changes to (or judicial or regulatory interpretations of) these regulations, whether due to lobbying efforts or otherwise, could impose significant compliance costs. Any failure to obtain or maintain required licensure and otherwise comply with applicable regulations in relevant jurisdictions could inhibit or prohibit our systems, technology and infrastructure from cyberattacks and cyberattacks experienced by third parties may adversely affect us.

Weability to operate our moving services business in those jurisdictions. Additionally, we may be attacked by perpetratorsdeemed, correctly or incorrectly, a contractor with respect to our service providers, which may subject us to licensure and/or bonding requirements and may subject us to penalties for past operations. Any of malicious technology-related events, such as the use of botnets, malware or

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other destructive or disruptive software, distributed denial of service attacks, phishing, attempts to misappropriate user information and account login credentials and other similar malicious activities. The incidence of events of this nature is on the rise worldwide. While we continuously develop and maintain systems designed to detect and prevent events of this nature from impacting our systems, technology, infrastructure, products, services and users,foregoing could have invested and continue to invest in these efforts and related personnel and training, and deploy data minimization strategies where appropriate, our efforts may not be successful. These efforts are costly and require ongoing monitoring and updating as technologies change and efforts to overcome preventative security measures are becoming more sophisticated. Despite these efforts, some of our systems have experienced past security incidents, none of which had a material adverse effectnegative impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations,operations.

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Moreover, any failures by us, contracted operators, or third-party carriers, to comply with the various applicable federal safety laws and we could experience significant events of this nature in the future.

Any event of this nature that we experience could damage our systems, technology and infrastructure and/regulations, or those of our users, prevent us from providing our products and services, compromise the integrity of our products and services, damage our reputation, erode our brands and/or be costly to remedy, and may subject us to investigations by regulatory authorities, fines, claims for breach of contract or indemnity by third parties and/or litigation that could result in liability to third parties.

Even if we do not experience such events firsthand, the impact of any such events experienced by third parties could have a similar effect. Our business model relies in large part on selling or otherwise providing certain consumer personal information to third parties. These third parties may be subject to similar cyberattacks and there can be no assurance that such third parties have adequate cybersecurity infrastructure to prevent breaches of the personal data sold to them by us.

We may not have adequate insurance coverage to compensate for losses resulting from any of the above events.

If we or any third party with whom we do business or otherwise rely upon experience an event of this nature, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our ability to communicate with home services companies, consumers and service providers via telephone, text (SMS) messaging, email, direct mail or other sufficient means is critical to our success.

Our primary means of facilitating contact among us, home services companies, consumers and service providers is the use of telephone calls, text (SMS) messages and email. We also communicate with these parties through direct mail messages. Through these channels, we provide consumers with service request updates and service professionals with updates regarding consumer matches, jobs they take, subscriptions and memberships, as well as present or suggest new products and services (among other things) and market our products and services in a cost-effective manner to home services companies, consumers and service providers. As consumers increasingly communicate via mobile and other digital devices and messaging and social media apps, usage of certain channels such as telephone, email or direct mail has declined, particularly among younger consumers, and we expect this trend to continue. In addition, regulatory, deliverability and other restrictions could limit or prevent our ability to these channels to communicate with home services companies, consumers and service providers. Furthermore, third-party operators of the channels we use to communicate with these groups may face pressure from regulators to give end users the ability to block, mute or otherwise disfavor certain types of marketing communications via such channels. We cannot assure you that any alternative means of communication will be as effective as our current messaging channels have been. A continued and significant erosiondowngrades in our ability to communicate with these groups for any reason could adversely impact the overall user experience, consumer and service professional engagement levels and conversion rates, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The nature of our platform is complex and highly integrated, and if we fail to successfully manage releases or integrate new solutions, it could harm our revenues, operating income and reputation.

We manage a complex platform of solutions that consists of our software and services for companies and products for consumers. Many of our solutions include a large number of product centers that are highly integrated and require interoperability with other Porch products, as well as products and services of third-party service providers. Due to this complexity and the development cycles under which we operate, we may experience errors in our software, corruption or

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loss of our data or unexpected performance issues from time to time. For example, our solutions may face interoperability difficulties with software operating systems or programs being used by our clients, or new releases, upgrades, fixes or the integration of acquired technologies may have unanticipated consequences on the operation and performance of our other solutions. If we encounter integration challenges or discover errors in our solutions late in our development cycle, it may cause us to delay our launch dates. Any major integration or interoperability issues or launch delayssafety rating, could have a material adverse effectimpact on our revenues, operating incomeoperations or financial condition, and reputation.

Our success depends, in part, on the integrity, quality, efficiency and scalability of our systems, technology and infrastructure, and those of third parties.

We rely on our proprietary systems, technology and infrastructurecould cause us to perform well on a consistent basis. We also rely on third-party data center service providers and cloud-based, hosted web service providers,lose customers, as well as third-party computer systems and a variety of communications systems and service providers in connection with the provision of our products and services generally, as well asability to facilitate and process certain payment and other transactions with users. We have no control over any of these third parties or their operations. In the past we have experienced rare but occasional interruptions that make some or all of our or our third-party framework and related information unavailable or that prevent us from providing products and services, and we may experience such interruptions in the future.

The framework described above could be damaged or interrupted at any time for any number of reasons, such as fire, power loss, telecommunications failure, natural disasters, acts of war or terrorism, acts of God and other similar events or disruptions. Any event of this nature could prevent us from providing our products and services at all or result in the provision of our products and services on a delayed or intermittent basis and/or result in the loss of critical data. While we and the third parties upon whom we rely have certain backup systems in placeobtain insurance coverage for certain aspects of our respective frameworks, none of our frameworks are fully redundant and disaster recovery planning is not sufficient for all eventualities. In addition, we may not have adequate insurance coverage to compensate us for losses from a major interruption. When such damages, interruptions or outages occur, our reputation could be harmed and the competitive positions of our various brands and businesses could be diminished, any or all of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We also continually work to expand and enhance the efficiency and scalability of our framework to improve the consumer and service professional experience, accommodate substantial increases in the number of visitors to our various platforms, ensure acceptable load times for our various products and services and keep up with changes in technology and user preferences. If we do not do so in a timely and cost-effective manner, the user experience and demand across our brands and businesses could be adversely affected, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may fail to adequately protect our intellectual property rights or may be accused of infringing the intellectual property rights of third parties.

We rely upon trademarks, trade dress, domain names and logos to market our brands and businesses and to build and maintain brand loyalty and recognition, as well as upon trade secrets.

We rely on a combination of laws and contractual restrictions on access to and use of proprietary information with employees, independent contractors, home services companies, consumers, service providers, commercial partners, suppliers, affiliates and others to establish and protect our and their various intellectual property rights. No assurances can be given that these efforts will result in adequate trademark and service mark protection, adequate domain name rights and protections. Despite these measures, challenges to our intellectual property rights could still arise, third parties could copy or otherwise obtain and use our intellectual property without authorization, and/or laws regarding the enforceability of existing intellectual property rights could change in an adverse manner.

We may also be subject to claims from third parties in the future related to alleged intellectual property infringement by us. These claims, if resolved in a manner adverse to us, could result in significant liabilities and could restrict or prohibit our ability to use the technology on which we rely. Even if these claims are resolved in our favor, such claims could result in significant expenses and could distract our management until resolved.

moving services.

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The occurrence of any of these events could result in the erosion of our various brands and limitations on our ability to operate our business, as well as impede our ability to effectively compete against competitors with similar technologies, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Risks Relating to Personnel and Service Providers

We face risks associated with our independent contractors.

We have personnel that we classify as independent contractors for U.S. federal, state and international employment law purposes in certain positions in our business.

We are not in a position to directly provide the same direction, motivation and oversight to ourthese independent contractors as we would if such personnel were our own employees. As a result, ourthese independent contractors may not comply with applicable law or our policies and procedures, including, but not limited to, our information security policies, or reflect our culture or values. Violations by ourIf these independent contractors ofviolate applicable law or of our policies and procedures in dealing with home services companies, consumers, service providers or other third parties or failure to meet our standards or reflect our culture could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, it is possible that a court could hold us civilly or criminally accountable based on vicarious liability because of the actions of our independent contractors. Furthermore, although we do enter into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with each of our independent directors, our independent contractors are not subject to employment agreements with us and our ability to retain such personnel or enforce non-competes or other restrictions against them may be limited.

We are subject to the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) regulations and applicable state law guidelineslaws regarding independent contractor classification in the United States. These regulations and guidelinesStates, which are subject to changes in judicial and agency interpretation, and it could be determined that the independent contractor classification is inapplicable. Furthermore, the legal landscape with respect to the classification of gig economy independent contractors, such as our service providers, is subject to intense public scrutiny. If legal standards for classification of independent contractors change, it may be necessary to modify our compensation structure for these personnel, including by paying additional compensation and taxes and/or reimbursing expenses, or abandon certain types of services we provide usingthat are performed by independent contractors. In addition, if we are determined to have misclassified such personnel as independent contractors, we would incur additional exposure under federal and state law, including workers’ compensation, unemployment benefits, labor, employment and tort laws, including for prior periods, as well as potential liability for employee benefits and tax withholdings. Any of these outcomes could result in significant costs to us, could impair our financial condition and our ability to conduct our business and could damage our reputation and our ability to attract and retain other personnel.

As of January 2021, we have approximately 600 individual

In addition to independent contractors located in the United States, as of February 2024 we have approximately 700 individual independent contractors in aggregate located across 14 foreign countries, with most primarily located in either Mexico, India, or Costa Rica, India and Spain.Rica. As a result, we are subject to certain additional risks related to independent contractors in foreign jurisdictions, including risks related to misclassification of such independent directorscontractors under local law, compliance with other applicable local labor laws and changes in applicable local labor laws, resistance of commercial partners to off-shoring of customer service functions and related consumer data, fluctuations in foreign currencies, changes in the economic strength of Mexico, Costa Rica and India,foreign countries, difficulties in enforcing contractual obligations and intellectual property rights, economic sanctions and social, political and economic instability. In particular, the Mexican Congress of the Union has recently considered a bill which would impose additional restrictions on independent contracting practices, which could make it more expensive or difficult to retain the services of independent contractors in Mexico.

In addition, the economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has led many U.S.-based companies to seekare seeking to hire remote talenttalented information technology personnel and other skilled personnel located in other jurisdictions, leading to additional competition for the services of independent contractors in the jurisdictions in which we retain independent contractors.

The remote work by independent contractors and the use of their own equipment makes compliance with and enforcement of our information security policies and procedures more difficult. We must also comply with applicable anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and local laws prohibiting corrupt

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payments to government officials, which may present significant challenges in the jurisdictions in which we operate. We cannot guarantee compliance with all applicable laws, and violations could result in substantial fines, sanctions, civil or criminal penalties, competitive or reputational harm, litigation or regulatory action and other consequences that might adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We depend on key personnel to operate our business, and if we are unable to retain, attract and integrate qualified personnel, our ability to develop and successfully grow our business could be harmed.

We believe our success has depended, and continues to depend, on the efforts and talents of our executives and employees. Our future success depends on our continuing ability to attract, develop, motivate and retain highly qualified and skilled employees. Qualified individuals are in high demand, and we may incur significant costs to attract and retain them. Experienced information technology personnel, who are critical to the success of our business, are in particularly high demand. This demand is particularly acute in the Seattle, Washington area, where we are headquartered. Competition for their talents is intense and retaining such individuals can be difficult. The loss or disability of executive officers or key employees could materially adversely affect our ability to execute our business plan and strategy, and we may not be able to find adequate replacements on a timely basis, or at all.
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Our executive officers and other employees are at-will employees, which means they may terminate their employment relationships with us at any time, and their knowledge of our business and industry would be extremely difficult to replace. We cannot ensure that
Although our current remote work environment facilitates our ability to attract talent across a wider geographic base, we will be ablemust adopt new techniques and tools to retain the services of any members ofeffectively train and integrate new hires and preserve our senior management or other key employees. If we do not succeed in attracting well-qualified employees or retaining and motivating existing employees, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our corporate culture has contributed to our success and, if we cannot continue to foster this culture as we grow, we could lose the passion, creativity, teamwork, focus and innovation fostered by our culture.

We believe that our culture has been and will continue to be a key contributor to our success. As we grow and mature as a public company, we may find it difficult to maintain our corporate culture. If we do not continue to foster our corporate culture or maintain our core values as we grow and evolve, we may be unable to support the passion, creativity, teamwork, focus and innovation we believe we need to support our growth. AnyFailure to effectively train our employees could create challenges for us in maintaining high levels of employee awareness of, and compliance with, our internal procedures and external regulatory compliance requirements, in addition to increasing our recruiting, training and supervisory costs, while failure to preserve our culture for any reason could negativelyharm our future success, including our ability to retain and recruit personnel, innovate and operate effectively and execute on our business strategy.

In addition, job candidates and existing employees often consider the value of the equity awards they receive in connection with their employment. Volatility or lack of performance in our stock price may also affect our ability to recruitattract and retain key employees. Any failure to successfully attract, integrate or retain qualified personnel and to effectively focus on and pursuefulfill our strategic objectives, whichcurrent or future needs could in turn, have an adverse impact onadversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Risks Relating to Financial Reporting and Results of Operations

Our Private Warrants are accounted for as liabilities and the changes in their value could have a material effect on our financial results.

The SEC Statement regarding the accounting and reporting considerations for warrants issued by SPACs focused on certain settlement terms and provisions related to certain tender offers following a business combination. After considering the SEC Statement, we re-evaluated its historical accounting for the Warrants and we concluded that the Private Warrants do not meet the conditions to be classified within equity under the SEC Statement and should be presented as a liability measured at fair value, with changes in fair value each period reported in earnings. As a result, included on our balance sheet as of December 31, 2020 contained elsewhere in this Annual Report are derivative liabilities related to embedded features contained within the Private Warrants. Accounting Standards Codification 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), provides for the remeasurement of the fair value of such derivatives at each balance sheet date, with a resulting non-cash gain or loss related to the change in the fair value being recognized in earnings in the statement of operations. As a result of the recurring fair value measurement, our financial statements and results of operations may fluctuate quarterly based on factors which are outside of our control. Due to the recurring fair value measurement, we expect that we will recognize non-cash gains or losses on the Private Warrants each reporting period and that the amount of such gains or losses could be material.

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We identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. If we are unable to remediate these material weaknesses, or if we identify additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately or timely report our financial condition or results of operations, which may adversely affect our business and stock price.

In connection with the preparation and audit of our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020, a material weakness was identified in our internal control over financial reporting. A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of its annual or interim consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The material weakness is due to our lack of sufficient, qualified personnel to prepare and review complex technical accounting issues and effectively design and implement systems and processes that allow for the timely production of accurate financial information in accordance with internal financial reporting timelines to support the current size and complexity (e.g., acquisitions, divestitures and financings) of the Company.

This material weakness could result in a misstatement of substantially all of our accounts or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim consolidated financial statements that would not be prevented or detected. We have begun implementation of a plan to remediate the material weakness described above. Those remediation measures are ongoing and include the following:

we hired a new Chief Financial Officer in June 2020 who is an experienced finance and accounting officer for public companies;
we recruited additional personnel, in addition to utilizing third-party consultants and specialists, to supplement our internal resources; and
we have been and continue designing and implementing additional automation and integration in our financially significant systems.

Additionally, following the issuance of the SEC Statement, and after consultation with our independent registered public accounting firm, and our management team, the Company’s Audit Committee concluded that, in light of the SEC Statement, it was appropriate to restate our Original Financial Statements. As part of such process, we identified a material weakness in our internal controls over financial reporting, solely related to our accounting for the Private Warrants.

We plan to continue to assess our internal controls and procedures and intend to take further action as necessary or appropriate to address any other matters we identify. We cannot assure you that the measures we have taken to date and may take in the future, will be sufficient to remediate the control deficiencies that led to our material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting or that we will prevent or avoid potential future material weaknesses. The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting is subject to various inherent limitations, including cost limitations, judgments used in decision making, assumptions about the likelihood of future events, the possibility of human error and the risk of fraud. If we are unable to remediate the material weakness, our ability to record, process and report financial information accurately, and to prepare financial statements within the time periods specified by the forms of the SEC, could be adversely affected which, in turn, to may adversely affect our reputation and business and the market price of our common stock. In addition, the material weaknesses and our failure to remediate them could result in litigation or regulatory actions by the SEC or other regulatory authorities or other disputes involving federal and state securities laws, loss of investor confidence, delisting of our securities and harm to our reputation and financial condition, or diversion of financial and management resources from the operation of our business.

In addition, it is possible that control deficiencies could be identified by our management or by our independent registered public accounting firm in the future or may occur without being identified. Such a failure could result in regulatory scrutiny and cause investors to lose confidence in our reported financial condition, lead to a default under our current or future indebtedness and otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flow or results of operations.

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Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate in the future. As a result, we may fail to meet or exceed the expectations of research analysts or investors, which could cause our stock price to decline.

Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate as a result of a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. If our quarterly operating results or guidance fall below the expectations of research analysts or investors, the price of our common stock could decline substantially. Fluctuations in our quarterly operating results or guidance may be due to a number of factors, including, but not limited to, those listed below:

seasonality;
economic trends related to the home services and general economic, industry and market conditions;
the extent to which home services companies, service providers and consumers employ our platform;
the extent to which new home services companies, consumers, service providers, and commercial partners are attracted to our solutions to satisfy their (and in the case of home services companies and commercial partners, their customers’) needs;
the timing, commitment levels, and revenue share rates at which we enter into agreement for our solutions with home service companies and service providers, along with their on-going capacity and fulfillment performance to handle volume and the effectiveness of our marketing and affiliate channels to drive volume to our network;
the volume of consumer referrals that home services companies and commercial partners send to us, and the addition or loss of large home services companies or commercial partners, including through acquisitions or consolidations;
the mix of home services companies and commercial partners across small, mid-sized and large organizations;
changes in our pricing policies or those of our competitors;
volatility in commissions from our insurance business;
the financial health of our home services companies, consumers, service providers, and commercial partners;
the amount and timing of operating expenses, including those related to the maintenance and expansion of our business, operations and infrastructure;
the timing and success of new solutions introduced by us;
the timing and success of current and new products and services introduced by our competitors;
other changes in the competitive dynamics of our industry, including consolidation among competitors, customers or strategic partners;
our ability to manage our existing business and future growth, including increases in the number of customers on our platform and new geographic regions; and
various other factors, including those related to disruptions in our platform infrastructure risks related to independent contractors, and privacy and data security breaches, each of which is described elsewhere in this “Risk Factors” section.

We have a history of losses, and we may be unable to achieve or sustain profitability.

We have experienced net losses in each year since our inception. We incurred operating losses of $42.2 million and

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$88.1 million in the years ended December 31, 2020 (as restated) and 2019, respectively, and as of December 31, 2020, we had an accumulated deficit (as restated) of $317.5 million. We will need to generate and sustain increased revenue levels and decrease proportionate expenses in future periods to achieve profitability, and even if we do, we may not be able to maintain or increase profitability. While we are undertaking efforts that we believe will increase our revenue, these efforts may not be sufficiently successful in order to offset these expenses. Many of our efforts to generate additional revenue are new and unproven, and any failure to adequately increase revenue or contain the related costs could prevent us from attaining or increasing profitability. Our recent growth in revenue and number of home services companies, consumers, service providers and commercial partners may not be sustainable, and we may not achieve sufficient revenue to achieve or maintain profitability. We may incur significant losses in the future for a number of reasons, including the other risks described in this prospectus, and we may encounter unforeseen expenses, difficulties, complications and delays and other unknown events. Accordingly, we may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability and we may incur significant losses for the foreseeable future.

Our limited operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our current business and future prospects.

We have been in existence since 2011, and much of our growth has occurred in recent periods. Our limited operating history may make it difficult for you to evaluate our current business and our future prospects. We have encountered and will continue to encounter risks and difficulties frequently experienced by growing companies in rapidly changing industries, including increasing and unforeseen expenses as we continue to grow our business. If we do not manage these risks successfully, our business will be harmed.

Our quarterly results of operations fluctuate due to seasonality and other factors associated with our industry.

Our business is seasonal and our results of operations and cash flows fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter. Historically, revenues have been strongest in the second and third fiscal quarters due to peak moving activity occurring during the summer months. The first and fourth fiscal quarters are generally weakest, due to lower moving activity during the winter months. As a result, our operating results for any given quarterly period are not necessarily indicative of operating results for an entire year.

We have incurred and will continue to incur increased costs as a result of being a public company.

We have incurred and will continue to incur increased legal, accounting, administrative and other costs and expenses as a public company that we did not incur as a private company. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), including the requirements of Section 404, as well as rules and regulations subsequently implemented by the SEC, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 and the rules and regulations promulgated and to be promulgated thereunder, the PCAOB and the securities exchanges, impose additional reporting and other obligations on public companies. The development and implementation of the standards and controls necessary for us to achieve the level of accounting standards required of a public company in the United States may require costs greater than expected. We will be required to expand our employee base to support our operations as a public company which will increase our operating costs in future periods.

Compliance with public company requirements will increase costs and make certain activities more time-consuming. A number of those requirements will require us to carry out activities we have not done previously. For example, we have created new committees of our board of directors and adopted new internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures. In addition, expenses associated with SEC reporting requirements will be incurred. Furthermore, if any issues in complying with those requirements are identified (for example, if the auditors identify a material weakness or significant deficiency in the internal control over financial reporting), we could incur additional costs rectifying those issues, and the existence of those issues could adversely affect our reputation or investor perceptions of it. It will also be more expensive to obtain director and officer liability insurance. Risks associated with our status as a public company may make it more difficult to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors or as executive officers. The additional reporting and other obligations imposed by these rules and regulations will increase legal and financial compliance costs and the costs of related legal, accounting and administrative activities. These increased costs will require us to divert a significant amount of money that could otherwise be used to expand the business and achieve strategic objectives. Advocacy efforts by stockholders and third parties may also prompt additional

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changes in governance and reporting requirements, which could further increase costs.

Our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.

As of December 31, 2020, we had net operating loss carryforwards for U.S. federal income tax purposes and state income tax purposes of $209.5 million and $99.0 million, respectively, available to offset future taxable income. If not utilized, the federal net operating loss carryforward amounts generated prior to January 1, 2019 will begin to expire in 2032, and the state net operating loss carryforward amounts will begin to expire in 2021. Realization of these net operating loss carryforwards depends on our future taxable income, and there is a risk that our existing carryforwards could expire unused and be unavailable to offset future income tax liabilities, which could materially and adversely affect our operating results. In addition, under Sections 382 and 383 of the Code, if a corporation undergoes an “ownership change,” generally defined as a greater than 50% change (by value) in its equity ownership over a three (3) year period, the corporation’s ability to use its pre-change net operating loss carryforwards and other pre-change tax attributes, such as research tax credits, to offset its post-change income may be limited. We may have experienced ownership changes because of shifts in our stock ownership or may experience them in the future. As a result, if we earn net taxable income, our ability to use our pre-change net operating loss carry-forwards and other tax attributes to offset U.S. federal taxable income may be subject to limitations, which could potentially result in increased future tax liability to us.

Risks Relating to Our AcquisitionGrowth Strategy

and Strategic Initiatives

We may experience risks related to acquisitions including the HOA acquisition.

and divestitures which could adversely affect our financial results.

We have made acquisitions and divestitures in the past and we continuemay to seek to identify potential acquisition candidates to expand our business generally in the future.future or identify businesses which may no longer be aligned with our strategic initiatives and long-term objectives. If we do not identify suitable acquisition candidates or complete acquisitions with satisfactory pricing and other terms, our growth could be adversely affected. Even if we complete what we believe to be suitable acquisitions, we may experience related operational and financial risks. As a result, to the extent that we continuedesire to grow through acquisitions, we will need to:

properly identify, value, and complete prospective acquisitions, especially those of companies with limited operating histories;
successfully integrate acquired businesses to the extent and in a manner that aligns with our strategy;
successfully identify and realize potential synergies among acquired and existing business;
retain or hire senior management and other key personnel at acquired businesses; and
successfully manage acquisition-related strain on our management, operations and financial resources.
properly identify, value, and complete prospective acquisitions, especially those of companies with limited operating histories;
successfully integrate acquired businesses to the extent and in a manner that aligns with our strategy;

successfully identify and realize potential synergies among acquired and existing business;
retain or hire senior management and other key personnel at acquired businesses; and
successfully manage acquisition-related strain on our management, operations and financial resources.
We may not be successful in addressing these challenges or any other problems encountered in connection with historical and future acquisitions. Adverse reactions by potential acquisition targets could frustrate our ability to execute on our acquisition strategy as could the failure of our due diligence process to uncover material risks, legal or otherwise. We may also be negatively impacted by adverse reactions of home services companies, consumers, service providers and business partners to the disclosure or consummation of any acquisition. In addition, the anticipated benefits of one or more acquisitions may not be realized. Also, future acquisitions could result in increased operating losses, dilutive issuances of equity securities and/or the assumption of contingent liabilities. Additionally, acquisitions may be compensated in part with future or contingent payments that will create future liabilities or dilution for us upon the consummation of such acquisitions. Lastly, the value of goodwill and other intangible assets acquired could be impacted by one or more continuing unfavorable events and/or trends, which could result in significant impairment charges. The occurrence of any of these events could have an adverse effects on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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On January 13, 2021, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire HOA, a leading property and casualty insurance company focused on products in the residential homeowner space. HOA is a large and complex company that will add significantly to the size and scale of our operations upon consummation of the HOA acquisition. In addition, as discussed under “— Risks Related to Our Insurance Business,” HOA will provide us with the opportunity to further expand our insurance business. The HOA acquisition will be the largest acquisition in our company’s history (as measured by purchase price). We may have failed to identify all the risks to which the HOA acquisition may expose us or the effects it may have on the long-term value of our combined company, including any risks related to HOA or HOA’s compliance with, among other, laws and regulations, contractual obligations and leases. Although we expect the HOA acquisition to result in a significant amount of synergies and other financial and operational benefits, we may be unable to realize these synergies or other benefits in the timeframe that we expect or at all. We continue to assess synergies that we may realize as a combined company, the realization of which will depend on a number of factors. The success of any acquisition depends on the HOA acquisition, includingacquired business performing at or better than our expectations and achieving anticipated synergies, benefits and cost savings, will depend,and further depends, in part, on our ability to successfully combine and integrate our culture and current operations with HOA’sthe acquired company’s culture and business. It is possible that the integration process could result in higher than expected costs, diversion of management attention, the disruption of either company’s ongoing businesses or inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures and policies that adversely affect the combined company’s ability to maintain relationships with customers, suppliers, vendors and employees, operating in a decentralized environment for longer than expected, or to achieve the anticipated benefits and cost savings of the HOAany particular acquisition. Additionally, the winter storm which struck Texas in February 2021 had significant but as-of-yet unquantified impacts on HOA, which is headquartered in Texas. If we experience difficulties with the integration process or other unforeseen costs, the anticipated benefits and cost savings of the HOAany acquisition may not be realized fully or at all, or may take longer to realize than expected. Management continues to refine its integration plan. The integration planning and implementation process will result in significant costs and divert management attention and resources. These integration matters could have an adverse effect on our combined

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company for an undetermined period after completion of the HOA acquisition.period. Any of the foregoing may have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

The HOA acquisition is

In addition, divestitures pose risks and challenges that could negatively impact our business, including required separation or carve-out activities and costs, disputes with buyers, or potential impairment charges. We may also dispose of a business at a price or on terms that are less than we had previously anticipated. After reaching an agreement with a buyer for the disposition of a business, we may also be subject to closingsatisfaction of pre-closing conditions, including any necessary regulatory and governmental approvals on acceptable terms, which may prevent us from completing a transaction. Dispositions may also involve continued financial involvement, as we may be required to retain responsibility for, or agree to indemnify buyers against contingent liabilities related to businesses sold, such as lawsuits, tax liabilities, lease payments, or product liability claims. In certain situations, indemnification could meet or exceed the purchase price we receive. Further, the purchase price for any disposition may be subject to adjustment based upon performance of the business. Under these types of arrangements, performance by the divested businesses or other conditions thatoutside of our control, including any obligations to indemnify, could affect future financial results.
We may not be satisfied,able to effectively manage our growth.
Our future growth, if any, may cause a significant strain on our management and it may not be completed on a timely basis, or at all. Failure to complete the HOA acquisition at all or in the expected timeframe will have material adverse impact on currently expectedour operational, financial, performance in 2021 and beyond.

Although we currently expect the HOA acquisition to be completed in the second quarter of 2021, subject to regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions, there can be no assurance that the HOA acquisition will be completed in accordance with the anticipated timing or at all. Regulatory agencies, including state insurance regulators, may refuse to approve the HOA acquisition or seek to make their approval subject to compliance with unanticipated or onerous conditions. These conditions could have the effect, among other things, of imposing significant additional costs, limiting our revenues, requiring divestitures of material assets or imposing other operating restrictions, any of which may reduce the anticipated benefits of, or prevent the completion of, the HOA acquisitions. Also, either HOA or the Company may terminate the definitive agreement if the HOA acquisition has not been completed by October 13, 2021, unless the failure to consummate the HOA acquisition has resulted from the failure of the party seeking to terminate the definitive agreement to perform its obligations.

If the HOA acquisition is not completed on a timely basis, or at all, our ongoing business may be adversely affected. Additionally, in the event the HOA acquisition is not completed, we will be subject to a number of risks without realizing any of the benefits of having completed the HOA acquisition, including the following:

we will be required to pay our costs relating to the HOA acquisition, such as legal, accounting, financing and financial advisory fee, whether or not the HOA acquisition is completed, and could be required to pay HOA a termination fee if the definitive agreement is terminated under specified circumstances;
time and resources committed by our management to matters relating to the HOA acquisition could otherwise have been devoted to pursuing other beneficial opportunities;
we will need to revise earnings guidance previously provided by us which assumes the completion of the HOA acquisition; and
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the market price of our securities could decline to the extent that the current market price reflects a market assumption that the HOA acquisition will be completed, or to the extent that the HOA acquisition is viewed as fundamental to our business strategy.

Risks Relating to Our Insurance Business

We face a variety of risks through our expansion into the insurance business.

In 2020, we expanded our lines of business to include home, auto, flood and umbrella insurance through the formation and licensure of Elite Insurance Group, our wholly owned licensed insurance agency. In addition, as discussed more fully under “Item 1. Business  — Our Strategies for Growth — Insurance Expansion,” we plan to further expand our insurance operations through the acquisition of HOA, a managing general agent (“MGA”) and carrier hybrid with a strong reinsurance strategy that currently operates in six states. Risks of our entry into the insurance business include, without limitation, difficulties integrating the new insurance business with our ongoing operations, potential diversion of management’s time and other resources fromresources. Our ability to manage our previously-established lines of business, the need for additional capitalgrowth effectively will require us to implement and other resources to expand into this new line of business, and inefficient integration ofimprove our operational, financial, and management systems and controls.

Severe weather events, extensive wildfiresto expand, train, manage, and other catastrophes, includingmotivate our employees. These demands may require the effectshiring of climate change and global pandemics, may harm our insurance business. For example, if carriers restrict the sale of policies in certain geographical areas and/or for certain types of coverage or if they increase their premiums as a result of these events, it could result in fewer carriers whose policies we could offer to our customers and otherwise make policies harder to sell. After the acquisition of HOA closes, we will be exposed to these losses directly. While we intend to manage our risk via reinsurance, there can be no guarantee this will adequately reduce our exposure to losses, including, but not limited to, the inability to negotiate reinsurance contracts at renewal at acceptable terms or at all, large catastrophes that exceed the our aggregate reinsurance coverage limits, the inability or unwillingness of counterparties to pay us reinsurance receivables we believe we are owed, and multiple losses in a single year that exceed our ability to reinstate reinsurance contracts.

In addition, these events have in the past and could in the future negatively affect the economy in generaladditional management personnel and the housing market in particular, which in turn negatively affects the market for insurance sales. A significantdevelopment of additional expertise by our management. Any increase in insurance claims by consumers who purchased their policy through Elite Insurance Group, whether asresources used without a result of these events or otherwise, could cause the affected carriers to terminate their relationship with us or decreasecorresponding increase in our commission rates. The occurrence of any of these eventsoperational, financial, and management systems could have ana material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

A substantial majorityRisks Relating to our Indebtedness

Servicing our indebtedness requires a significant amount of Elite Insurance Group’s revenue is generatedcash, and we may not have sufficient cash flow from commissionsour business to make such payments.
Our ability to make scheduled payments of the principal of, to pay interest on or to refinance our indebtedness now or in the future (including our 0.75% convertible senior notes due 2026 (“2026 Notes”) and depends on relationships with insurance providers with no long-term contractual commitments. See “— Our insurance business is commission-based and6.75% convertible senior secured notes due 2028 (“2028 Notes”)), depends on our relationships with insurance providers with no long-term contractual commitments. insurance providers stop working with usfuture performance, which is subject to economic, financial, competitive and other factors beyond our control. In addition, our ability to repurchase the 2026 Notes or 2028 Notes or to pay us lower amounts for new customers,cash upon conversions of the notes may be limited by law, by regulatory authority or ifby agreements governing our future indebtedness. Our business may not continue to generate cash flow from operations in the future sufficient to service our indebtedness and make necessary capital expenditures. If we are unable to establishgenerate such cash flow, we may be required to adopt one or more alternatives, such as selling assets, restructuring debt or obtaining additional equity capital on terms that may be onerous or highly dilutive. Our ability to refinance indebtedness (including the 2026 Notes or 2028 Notes) will depend on the capital markets and maintain new relationships with other insurance providers, our insurance businessfinancial condition at such time. Our failure to repurchase notes at a time when the repurchase is required by the indenture or to pay any cash payable on future conversions of the notes as required by the indenture would constitute a default under the indenture. A default under the indenture or the fundamental change itself could also lead to a default under agreements governing our future indebtedness. If the repayment of the related indebtedness were to be accelerated after any applicable notice or grace periods, we may not have sufficient funds to repay the indebtedness and repurchase the notes or make cash payments upon conversions thereof. We may not be able to engage in any of these activities or engage in these activities on desirable terms, which could result in a default the notes.

The conditional conversion features of the 2026 Notes and 2028 Notes, if triggered, may adversely affect our financial condition and operating results.
We completed an offering of the 2026 Notes in September 2021 and an offering of the 2028 Notes in April 2023. In the event the conditional conversion feature of the 2026 Notes or 2028 Notes is triggered, holders of the triggered notes will be entitled to convert the notes at any time during specified periods at their option. If one or more holders elect to convert their notes, unless we elect to satisfy our conversion obligation by delivering solely shares of our common stock (other than paying cash in lieu of delivering any fractional share), we would be required to settle a portion or all of our conversion obligation through the payment of cash, which could adversely affect our liquidity. In addition, even if holders do not elect to convert their notes, we could be materially affected,required under applicable accounting rules to reclassify all or a portion of the outstanding principal of the notes as a current rather than long-term liability, which would result in turn could impacta material reduction of our business, resultsnet working capital.
Conversion of operationsour 2026 Notes or 2028 Notes may dilute the ownership interest of our stockholders or may otherwise depress the price of our common stock.
The conversion of some or all of our 2026 Notes or 2028 Notes may dilute the ownership interests of our stockholders. Upon conversion of the notes, we have the option to pay or deliver, as the case may be, cash, shares of our common stock,
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or a combination of cash and financial condition.” for more information.

Claims by consumers against an agency’s errorsshares of our common stock. If we elect to settle our conversion obligation in shares of our common stock or a combination of cash and omissions (E&O) insurance coverage areshares of our common stock, any sales in the insurance industry. If a carrier denies a consumer’s claim under an insurance policy or the consumer has insufficient coverage and the consumer therefore has to pay out of pocket for a loss, the consumer often seeks relief from agency that sold the policy. While we maintain E&O coverage, we could experience losses if claims by consumers exceed our coverage limitations. In addition, if we were to experience a significant number of claims or if our E&O coverage were to lapse, insurance providers could elect to terminate their relationships with us and we could face challenges in finding replacement coverage.

Entry into the insurance business also subjects us to new laws and regulations with which we are not familiar and may lead to increased compliance costs and regulatory risk. See “— Our insurance business is subject to state governmental regulation, which could limit the growthpublic market of our insurance business and impose additional costs on us.” for

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Tablecommon stock issuable upon such conversion could adversely affect prevailing market prices of Contents

additional information.

In addition, as discussed more fully under “Item 1. Business  — Our Strategies for Growth — Insurance Expansion,” Porch has entered into a definitive agreement to acquire HOA, an MGA and carrier hybrid with a strong reinsurance strategy that currently operates in six states. There can be no assurance that this acquisition will be consummated, but to the extent we do acquire HOA, Porch would become an MGA and an insurance carrier, exposing us to the additional risks of underwriting and of handling and managing insurance claims.

Furthermore, if Elite Insurance Group were to become an insurance carrier or if we complete the HOA acquisition, we will bear the cost of paying insured claims. As a result, the likelihood of being significantly affected by the risks inherent to the insurance industry, and the magnitude of such risks, would be greatly increased. Although we would follow the industry practice of transferring, or ceding, part of the risk we have assumed to a reinsurance company in exchange for part of the premium we receiveour common stock. However, in connection with the risk pricing of the 2026 Notes, we entered into capped call transactions with certain option counterparties. The capped call transactions are expected generally to reduce (but not eliminate) potential dilution to our common stock upon conversion of any notes and/or securingoffset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of loss reinsurance coverage,the principal amount of converted notes, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap. Finally, the existence of the 2026 Notes and 2028 Notes may encourage short selling by market participants that engage in hedging or arbitrage activity, and anticipated conversion of the notes into shares of our common stock could depress the price of our common stock.

The indenture governing our 2028 Notes contains, and instruments governing any future indebtedness of ours would likely contain, restrictions that may limit our flexibility in operating our business, and any default on our 2028 Notes or other future secured indebtedness could result in foreclosure by our secured debtholders on our assets.
The indenture and security agreement and related documents governing our 2028 Notes contain, and instruments governing any future indebtedness of ours would likely contain, a number of covenants that impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us, including restrictions on our ability to, among other things:
create liens on certain assets;
incur or guarantee additional debt or issue redeemable equity;
pay dividends on, repurchase or make distributions on account of capital stock or make other restricted payments (including limiting repurchases of our 2026 Notes to $50 million in the aggregate);
make certain unpermitted investments;
consolidate, merge, sell or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets; and
sell, transfer or otherwise convey certain assets.
The indenture governing our 2028 Notes also requires us to maintain a minimum amount of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of at least $25 million (tested monthly on the last day of each calendar month) on a consolidated basis among Porch Group, Inc. and certain of its domestic subsidiaries.
In addition, if more than $30.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 2026 Notes remain outstanding on June 14, 2026, the holders of the 2028 Notes have the right to require us to repurchase for cash on June 15, 2026, all or any portion of their 2028 Notes at a repurchase price equal to 106.5% of the principal amount of the 2028 Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest. As of December 31, 2023, there was $225.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2026 Notes outstanding. If we are unable to repurchase or otherwise refinance a sufficient amount of the remaining outstanding 2026 Notes prior to June 14, 2026, and the holders of all or a substantial portion of the outstanding 2028 Notes require us to repurchase their 2028 Notes pursuant to this indenture provision, our liquidity will be materially adversely affected, and there are no assurances that we would have sufficient funds available to satisfy the repurchase of all such 2028 Notes.
As a result of these restrictions, we will be limited as to how we conduct our business, and we may be unable to raise additional debt or equity financing to compete effectively or to capitalize on available business opportunities. Any failure to comply with these covenants could result in a default under our 2028 Notes or instruments governing any future indebtedness of ours. Additionally, our 2028 Notes are secured by a first-priority lien in substantially all assets of Porch Group, Inc. and certain of its domestic subsidiaries. Upon a default, unless waived, amounts due under the 2028 Notes could be accelerated, and the holders of our 2028 Notes could initiate foreclosure proceedings against their collateral, which could potentially force us into bankruptcy or liquidation. In addition, a default under our 2028 Notes indenture could trigger a cross-default under agreements governing any future indebtedness as well as the indenture governing our 2026 Notes. Our results of operations may not be sufficient to service our indebtedness and to fund our other expenditures, and we may not be able to successfully mitigateobtain financing to meet these requirements. If we experience a default under our risk through such reinsurance arrangements. Although reinsurance would make the reinsurer liable to us to the extent the risk is transferred to the reinsurer2028 Notes indenture, 2026 Notes indenture or we have coverage under an excess of loss reinsurance arrangement, it will not relieve us ofinstruments governing our liability to our policyholders. If any of our reinsurers are unable or unwilling to pay amounts they owe us in a timely fashion, we could suffer a significant loss or a shortage of liquidity, which would have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. In addition, reinsurance may not be available for an acceptable cost or at all. Failure to successfully mitigate an acceptable portion of our risk could materially and adversely affect our ability to write insurance business and harm our business. If our actual losses from insured claims were to exceed our loss reserves,future indebtedness, our business, financial condition, and results of operations wouldmay be materially adversely affected.

If

Certain provisions in the HOA acquisition is completed, HOA will distributeindenture governing the majority2026 Notes and indenture governing the 2028 Notes may delay or prevent an otherwise beneficial takeover attempt of its products throughus.
Certain provisions in the indenture governing the 2026 Notes and indenture governing the 2028 Notes may make it more difficult or expensive for a third party independent agents. As such, HOA will be highly dependent on maintaining successful relationshipsto acquire us. For example, the indenture governing the 2026 Notes requires us to repurchase the notes for cash upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as defined in the indenture governing the 2026 Notes) of us and, in certain circumstances, to increase the conversion rate for a holder that converts their notes in connection with such third party independent agencies. Negative changesa make-whole fundamental change (as defined in the indenture governing the notes). Similarly, the
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indenture governing the 2028 Notes requires us to repurchase the notes for cash upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as defined in the indenture governing the 2028 Notes) at a premium. A takeover of us may trigger the requirement that we repurchase the notes and/or increase the conversion rate in the case of the 2026 Notes, which could make it more costly for a potential acquirer to engage in such relationships could adversely affect HOA’s insurance business, including, but not limited to, reduced sales, the loss of existing policies, the need to lower prices, or the need to pay higher commissions. In addition, such agencies act as agents of HOA. Any misconduct on the part of such agents could have an adverse impact on our business, financial conditions, reputation and results of operations.

Furthermore, if the HOA acquisition is completed, it would represent a significant expansion of Porch’s revenue from insurance sales andtakeover. Such additional costs may have the effect of heightening manydelaying or preventing a takeover of us that would otherwise be beneficial to investors.

The accounting method for the 2026 Notes and 2028 Notes could adversely affect our reported financial condition and results.
The accounting method for reflecting the 2026 Notes and 2028 Notes on our balance sheet, accruing interest expense for the notes and reflecting the underlying shares of our common stock in our reported diluted earnings per share may adversely affect our reported earnings and financial condition. The notes are reflected as a liability on our balance sheets, with the carrying amount equal to the principal amount of the risksnotes, net of unamortized issuance costs. The issuance costs attributable to the notes are treated as a debt discount for accounting purposes, which is amortized into interest expense over the term of the notes. As a result of this amortization, the interest expense that we expect to recognize for the notes for accounting purposes will be greater than the cash interest payments we will pay on the notes, which will result in lower reported income. In addition, we expect that the shares underlying the notes will be reflected in our diluted earnings per share using the “if converted” method. However, if reflecting the notes in diluted earnings per share is anti-dilutive, then the shares underlying the notes will not be reflected in our diluted earnings per share. Furthermore, if any of the conditions to the convertibility of the notes is satisfied, then we may be required under applicable accounting standards to reclassify the liability carrying value of the notes as current, rather than a long-term, liability. This reclassification could be required even if no noteholders convert their notes and uncertainties described abovecould materially reduce our reported working capital.
The capped call transactions may affect the value of the 2026 Notes and belowour common stock.
In connection with the pricing of the 2026 Notes, we entered into capped call transactions with certain option counterparties. The capped call transactions are expected generally to reduce potential dilution to our common stock upon conversion of any notes and/or offset any cash payments we are required to make in excess of the principal amount of converted notes, as the case may be, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap. In connection with establishing their initial hedges of the capped call transactions, the option counterparties or their respective affiliates purchased shares of our common stock and/or entered into various derivative transactions with respect to our insurance business.

Our insurance business is subjectcommon stock concurrently with or shortly after the pricing of the notes. In addition, the option counterparties and/or their respective affiliates may modify their hedge positions by entering into or unwinding various derivatives with respect to state governmental regulation,our common stock and/or purchasing or selling our common stock or other securities of ours in secondary market transactions following the pricing of the notes and prior to the maturity of the notes (and are likely to do so during any observation period related to a conversion of notes). This activity could cause or avoid an increase or a decrease in the market price of our common stock or the notes, which could limitaffect your ability to convert the growthnotes and, to the extent the activity occurs following conversion or during any observation period related to a conversion of our insurance business and impose additional costs on us.

Elite Insurance Group maintains licenses with anotes, it could affect the number of individual state departments of insurance. Our insurance business is subject to state governmental regulationshares and supervision. In addition, our acquisition of HOA is contingent upon state governmental approval. This state governmental supervision could limit the growth of our insurance business by delaying or preventing the acquisition of HOA, increasing the costs of regulatory compliance, limiting or restricting the products or services we provide or the methods by which we provide them, and subjecting us to the possibility of regulatory actions or proceedings. If we are unable to comply with such regulations, we may be precluded or temporarily suspended from carrying on some or allvalue of the activitiesconsideration that you will receive upon conversion of our insurance businesssuch notes. Finally, if any such capped call transactions fail to become effective, the option counterparties or otherwise be fined or penalized in a given jurisdiction. Additionally, actual or perceived failure to complytheir respective affiliates may unwind their hedge positions with such state regulation may give rise to a right to terminate under arrangements with the insurance providers. Our continued ability to maintain our insurance licenses in the jurisdictions in which we are licensed or to expand to new operations or new jurisdictions depends on our compliance with the rules and regulations promulgated from time to time by the regulatory authorities in each of these jurisdictions. Furthermore, state insurance departments conduct periodic examinations, audits and investigations of the affairs of insurance companies and agencies, any of which could result in the expenditure of significant management time or financial resources.

In all jurisdictions, the applicable laws and regulations are subject to amendment and interpretation by regulatory authorities. Generally, such authorities are vested with relatively broad discretion to grant, renew and revoke licenses

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and approvals and to implement and interpret rules and regulations. No assurances can be given that our insurance business can continue to be conducted in any given jurisdiction as it has been conducted in the past or that we will be able to expand our insurance business in the future.

The business of Elite Insurance Group is commission-based and depends on our relationships with insurance providers with no long-term contractual commitments. If insurance providers stop working with us or pay us lower amounts for new customers, or if we are unable to establish and maintain new relationships with other insurance providers, our insurance business could be materially affected, which in turn could impact our business, results of operations and financial condition.

A substantial majority of the revenue of Elite Insurance Group is currently derived from selling insurance policies to consumers as the insurance agency and then receiving commissions from the insurance carriers. As we grow our insurance business, including through the HOA acquisition, other potential acquisitions in the insurance space and potential expansion from an insurance agency to a managed general agency or insurance carrier, we expect to derive a greater percentage of our insurance revenue from insurance policies and reinsurance policies. Our agreements with insurance carriers are short-term agreements, and many of the insurance carriers can end their business with us at any time with no notice. We expect any future agreements with reinsurers will typically have annual terms. As a result, we cannot guarantee that insurance carriers or reinsurers will continue to work with us, or, if they do, we cannot guarantee the commissions they will pay in the first year of the policy as well as each additional year. The commissions we earn are based on premiums and commission rates set by the carriers, and any decreases in these premiums or commission rates, including as a result of adverse trends in the insurance industry, would decrease our revenue. In addition, we may not be able to attract new insurance carriers or reinsurersrespect to our services or increase the amount of revenue we earn from our insurance business over time. The insurance business is historically cyclical in nature, and we may experience periods with excess underwriting capacity and unfavorable premium rates,common stock, which could adversely affect our business.

If we are unable to maintain in good standing existing relationships with insurance carriers, or unable to add new insurance carriers or reinsurers, or if we become dependent on a limited number of carriers or reinsurers, we may be unable to meet the expectations of consumers and other counterparties in our insurance business. This deficiency could reduce confidence in our ability to offer competitive rates and terms, making us less popular with such consumers and counterparties. As a result, our insurance business could be materially impacted, which could have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our business may also be adversely affected by downturns in the home, auto, flood and umbrella insurance industries.

Through our wholly owned subsidiary and licensed insurance agency Elite Insurance Group, we primarily serve customers in the homeowners’ insurance market. We also sell auto, flood and umbrella insurance and we expect sales in those markets to increase in the future. Decreases in consumer demand in the home and automotive industry in general could adversely affect the demand for insurance and, in turn, the number of consumers we provide insurance quotes and corresponding sales. For example, negative trends in the real estate industry, such as decreases rental payments and increases in home values have the potential to adversely affect home purchases and to decrease the demand for homeowners, flood and umbrella insurance. In addition, consumer purchases of homes and new and used automobiles generally decline during recessionary periods and other periods in which income is adversely affected and may be affected by negative trends in the broader economy, including the availability and cost of credit, reductions in business and consumer confidence, stock market volatility and increased unemployment.

Insurance commission revenue recognition and changes within our insurance business may create a fluctuationvalue of our business resultscommon stock and expose us to additional risks.

Current accounting standards allow an insurance agency like Elite Insurance Group to recognize the full lifetime value of each insurance sale up front, because Elite Insurance Group does not service the customer or have any other responsibilities after the initial sale. Elite Insurance Group then collects the ongoing commission payments from the insurance carriers on an ongoing basis each year so long as the customer does not cancel the insurance. In the future, Elite Insurance Group may begin to provide ongoing services to the policyholder or customer in order to receive higher commission amounts and a higher overall lifetime value. We would expect any such change to result in a shift in revenue

notes.

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recognition from the first year to ongoing years, which could increase long-term growth rates but negatively impact our short term results.

Additional Risks Relating to Ownership of Company Securities

The price of the Company’s securities may change significantly, following the Merger and investors could lose all or part of their investment as a result.

The trading price of the Company’s common stock and Warrants is likely to be volatile. The stock market recently has experienced extreme volatility. This volatility often has been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of particular companies. You may not be able to resell your shares or Warrants at an attractive price due to a number of factors such as those listed in “— Risks“Risks Relating to Porch’s Business and IndustryIndustry” and the following:

results of operations that vary from the expectations of securities analysts and investors;
results of operations that vary from those of the Company’s competitors;
changes in expectations as to the Company’s future financial performance, including financial estimates and investment recommendations by securities analysts and investors;
declines in the market prices of stocks generally;
results of operations that vary from those of the Company’s competitors;
the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effect on the Company’s business and financial conditions;
changes in expectations as to the Company’s future financial performance, including financial estimates and investment recommendations by securities analysts and investors;
declines in the market prices of stocks generally;
strategic actions by the Company or its competitors;
announcements by the Company or its competitors of significant contracts, acquisitions, joint ventures, other strategic relationships or capital commitments;
any significant change in the Company’s management;
changes in general economic or market conditions or trends in the Company’s industry or markets;
changes in business or regulatory conditions, including new laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to the Company’s business;
future sales of the Company’s common stock or other securities;
investor perceptions or the investment opportunity associated with the Company’s common stock relative to other investment alternatives;
the public’s response to press releases or other public announcements by the Company or third parties, including the Company’s filings with the SEC;
litigation involving the Company, the Company’s industry, or both, or investigations by regulators into the Company’s operations or those of the Company’s competitors;
guidance, if any, that the Company provides to the public, any changes in this guidance or the Company’s failure to meet this guidance;
additional dilution caused by the Company issuing additional equity, whether grants related to its Management Incentive Plan, stock provided to acquisitions as some or all of the purchase price, future fundraising events, or
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other issuances approved by the Company’s Board of Directors;
the development and sustainability of an active trading market for the Company’s common stock;
actions by institutional or activist stockholders;
changes in accounting standards, policies, guidelines, interpretations or principles; and
other events or factors, including those resulting from natural disasters, war, acts of terrorism or responses to these events.
announcements by the Company or its competitors of significant contracts, acquisitions, joint ventures, other strategic relationships or capital commitments;
any significant change in the Company’s management;

changes in general economic or market conditions or trends in the Company’s industry or markets;
changes in business or regulatory conditions, including new laws or regulations or new interpretations of existing laws or regulations applicable to the Company’s business;
future sales of the Company’s common stock or other securities;
investor perceptions or the investment opportunity associated with the Company’s common stock relative to other investment alternatives;
the public’s response to press releases or other public announcements by the Company or third parties, including the Company’s filings with the SEC;
litigation involving the Company, the Company’s industry, or both, or investigations by regulators into the Company’s operations or those of the Company’s competitors;
guidance, if any, that the Company provides to the public, any changes in this guidance or the Company’s failure to meet this guidance;
additional dilution caused by the Company issuing additional equity, whether grants related to its Management Incentive Plan, stock provided to acquisitions as some or all of the purchase price, future fundraising events, or other issuances approved by the Company’s Board of Directors;
the development and sustainability of an active trading market for the Company’s common stock;
actions by institutional or activist stockholders;
changes in accounting standards, policies, guidelines, interpretations or principles; and
other events or factors, including those resulting from natural disasters, war, acts of terrorism, other global health crises and pandemics, or responses to these events.
These broad market and industry fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of the Company’s common stock, regardless of the Company’s actual operating performance. In addition, price volatility may be greater if the public float and trading volume of the Company’s common stock is low.

In the past, following periods of market volatility, stockholders have instituted securities class action litigation. If the Company was involved in securities litigation, it could have a substantial cost and divert resources and the attention of executive management from the Company’s business regardless of the outcome of such litigation.

Future sales, or the perception of future sales, by the Companyus or itsour stockholders in the public market following the merger could cause the market price for the Company’s common stock to decline.

The sale of shares of the Company’sour common stock in the public market, or the perception that such sales could occur, could harm the prevailing market price of shares of the Company’sour common stock. These sales, or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it more difficult for the Companyus to sell equity securities in the future at a time and at a price that it deems appropriate.

Certain holders of common stock have entered into the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement (the “A&R RRA”) with the Company pursuant to which each such holder agreed, subject to certain exceptions, not to dispose of or hedge any of their common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of common stock during the period from the date of the closing of the Merger continuing through the date (i) in the case of common stock of the New Holder other than the Principal Holder (as each such term is defined in the A&R RRA), 180 days after the Closing Date or (ii) in the case of common stock of the Existing Holders and of the Principal Holder, one year after the Closing Date.

Upon the expiration or waiver of the lock-ups described above, shares held by the stockholders party to the A&R RRA will be eligible for resale, subject to volume, manner of sale and other limitations under Rule 144.

As restrictions on resale end, the market price of the common stock could drop significantly if the holders of these shares sell them or are perceived by the market as intending to sell them. These factors could also make it more difficult for us to raise additional funds through future offerings of common stock or other securities.

In addition, common stock reserved for future issuance under our equity incentive plans will become eligible for sale in the public market once those shares are issued, subject to provisions relating to various vesting agreements lock-up agreements and, in some cases, limitations on volume and manner of sale applicable to affiliates under Rule 144, as applicable. TheAs of December 31, 2023, the aggregate number of shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under our equity incentive plans is 17,552,435.8.0 million. The compensation committee of our boardBoard of directorsDirectors will determine the exact number of shares to be issued during 20212024 and the number of shares reserved for future issuance under its equity incentive plans at its discretion. The number of equity incentive awards awarded are based upon dollar values and the market price of our common stock and, as a result, a decline in our stock price may result in the compensation committee of our Board of directors issuing, or seeking flexibility from stockholders to issue, equity incentive awards that represent a greater number of shares than at higher stock prices. We have filed and may in the future file one or more registration statements on Form S-8 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) to register shares of common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of common stock issued pursuant to our equity incentive plans. Any such Form S-8 registration statements will automatically become effective upon filing. Accordingly, shares registered under such registration statements generally will be available for sale in the open market.

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Any additional equity grants or vesting and/or exercise of equity incentive awards will cause our stockholders to be diluted and may negatively affect the price of our common stock.

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We have previously issued and plan toin the future may issue shares of common stock in connection with the recently-consummated V12 Data acquisition and the recently-announcedrecently completed, pending HOA acquisition. Certainor future acquisitions. A portion of the total consideration in these acquisitions is earnout consideration, which, if payable, will be in the form of shares of common stock issuable in the future. We may also issue securities in connection with investments or acquisitions in the future. The amount of shares of common stock issued in connection with an investment or acquisition could constitute a material portion of our then-outstanding shares of common stock. Any issuance of additional securities in connection with investments or acquisitions may result in additional dilution to our stockholders.

Warrants for our common stock have become exercisable, and we have called for redemption of our Public Warrants, which will likely result in significant near-term warrant exercises and dilution to our existing stockholders.

Outstanding Public Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 14,325,000 shares of our common stock became exercisable as of 30 days after the completion of the Merger. Each warrant entitles the holder thereof to purchase one (1) share of our common stock at a price of $11.50 per whole share, subject to adjustment. Public Warrants may be exercised only for a whole number of shares of common stock. In addition, on March 17, 2021, the Company delivered notice to holders of Public Warrants issued in connection with PTAC’s initial public offering that such warrants will be redeemed for $0.01 per warrant on April 16, 2021 pursuant to the Company’s warrant agreement. Private Warrants that are held by PTAC founders and their “Permitted Transferees” (as defined in the Company’s warrant agreement) are not redeemable. Holders of our Public Warrants may exercise their warrants for cash at any time prior to 5:00 p.m. Eastern time on such redemption date. We anticipate that substantially all of our outstanding Public Warrants will be exercised for cash prior to 5:00 p.m. Eastern time on the April 16, 2021 redemption date, which will likely result in significant near-term dilution to our existing stockholders and increase the number of shares eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market (or the perception that such sales may occur in the near future) could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

The JOBS Act permits “emerging growth companies” like us to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies.

The Company qualifies as an “emerging growth company” as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the Securities Act, as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, which we refer to as the “JOBS Act.” As such, the Company will take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies for as long as it continues to be an emerging growth company, including (i) the exemption from the auditor attestation requirements with respect to internal control over financial reporting under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (ii) the exemptions from say-on-pay, say-on-frequency and say-on-golden parachute voting requirements and (iii) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements. As a result, our stockholders may not have access to certain information they deem important. The Company will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year (a) following November 26, 2024, the fifth anniversary of the closing of PTAC’s initial public offering, (b) in which the Company has total annual gross revenue of at least $1.07 billion or (c) in which the Company is deemed to be a large accelerated filer, which means the market value of our common stock that are held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last business day of the Company’s prior second fiscal quarter, and (ii) the date on which the Company has issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the prior three-year period.

In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an emerging growth company can take advantage of the exemption from complying with new or revised accounting standards provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act as long as Porch is an emerging growth company. An emerging growth company can therefore delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies, but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period, which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Company’s financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the

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potential differences in accounting standards used.

We cannot predict if investors will find our common stock less attractive because the Company will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for common stock and our stock price may be more volatile.

NASDAQNasdaq may delist the Company’s securities from trading on its exchange, which could limit investors’ ability to make transactions in its securities and subject the Company to additional trading restrictions.

Currently, our common stock and Public Warrants areis publicly traded on the NASDAQNasdaq Capital Market under the symbols PRCH and PRCHW, respectively, upon the closing of the merger. We cannot assure investors that our securities will continue to be listed on the NASDAQ.symbol PRCH. In order to continue listing our securities on the NASDAQ,Nasdaq Capital Market, the Company will be required to maintain certain financial, distribution and stock price levels. Generally,Among other required listing standards, the Company will be required to maintain a minimum amount in stockholders’ equity (generally $2,500,000$2.5 million for companies trading on the NASDAQNasdaq Capital Market) and a minimum number of holders of our securities (generally 300 public holders).

Nasdaq also requires the Company to comply with a minimum closing bid price requirement of $1.00 per share for thirty consecutive business days. If NASDAQa company trades for thirty consecutive business days below the $1.00 minimum closing bid price requirement, Nasdaq will send a deficiency notice to the company advising that it has been afforded a “compliance period” of 180 calendar days to regain compliance with the applicable requirements. For example and as previously reported, the Company received such a notice of stock price deficiency in September 2023 and cured such deficiency within the compliance period.

If Nasdaq delists the Company’s securities from trading on its exchange and the Company is not able to list its securities on another national securities exchange, we expect our securities could be quoted on an over-the-counter market. If this were to occur, we could face significant material adverse consequences, including:

a limited availability of market quotations for our securities;
reduced liquidity for our securities;
a determination that the Company common stock is a “penny stock” which will require brokers trading in Company common stock to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly result in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our securities;
a limited amount of news and analyst coverage; and
a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future.
a limited availability of market quotations for our securities;
reduced liquidity for our securities;

a determination that the Company common stock is a “penny stock” which will require brokers trading in Company common stock to adhere to more stringent rules and possibly result in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our securities;
a limited amount of news and analyst coverage; and
a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future.
The National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996, which is a federal statute, prevents or preempts the states from regulating the sale of certain securities, which are referred to as “covered securities.” Since the Company’s common stock and Public Warrants areis listed on the NASDAQ,Nasdaq, they are covered securities. Although the states are preempted from regulating the sale of its securities, the federal statute does allow the states to investigate companies if there is a suspicion of fraud, and, if there is a finding of fraudulent activity, then the states can regulate or bar the sale of covered securities in a particular case. If the Company was no longer listed on the NASDAQ,Nasdaq, its securities would not be covered securities and it would be subject to regulation in each state in which it offers its securities.

Because there are no current plans to pay cash dividends on the Company’s common stock for the foreseeable future, you may not receive any return on investment unless you sell your common stock for a price greater than that which you paid for it.

The Company intends to retain future earnings, if any, for future operations, expansion and debt repayment and there are no current plans to pay any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. The declaration, amount and payment of any future dividends on shares of the common stock will be at the sole discretion of the Company’s boardour Board of directors.Directors. The Company’s boardBoard of directorsDirectors may take into account general and economic conditions, the Company’s financial condition and results of operations, the Company’s available cash and current and anticipated cash needs, capital requirements, contractual, legal, tax, and regulatory restrictions, implications on the payment of dividends by the Company to its stockholders or by its subsidiaries to it and such other factors as the Company’s boardBoard of directorsDirectors may deem relevant. In addition, the Company’s ability to pay dividends is limited by covenants of Porch’s existing and outstanding indebtedness and may be limited by covenants of any future indebtedness the Company incurs. As a result,

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investors may not receive any return on an investment in the Company’s common stock unless they sell the Company’s common stock for a price greater than that whichwhat the investor paid for it.

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If securities analysts do not publish research or reports about the Company’s business or if they downgrade the Company’s stock or the Company’s sector, the Company’s stock price and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for the Company’s common stock will rely in part on the research and reports that industry or financial analysts publish about the Company or its business. The Company will not control these analysts. In addition, some financial analysts may have limited expertise with Porch’s model and operations. Furthermore, if one or more of the analysts who do cover the Company downgrade its stock or industry, or the stock of any of its competitors, or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about its business, the price of the Company’s stock could decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases coverage of the Company or fails to publish reports on it regularly, the Company could lose visibility in the market, which in turn could cause its stock price or trading volume to decline.

Anti-takeover provisions in the Company’s organizational documents could delay or prevent a change of control.

The Company’s Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (the “Charter”) and its Amended and Restated Bylaws (the “Bylaws”) contain certain provisions that may have an anti-takeover effect and may delay, defer or prevent a merger, acquisition, tender offer, takeover attempt or other change of control transaction that a stockholder might consider in its best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares held by the Company’s stockholders. First, the Board of Directors is classified into three classes. Directors of each class serve for staggered three-year periods. Although the Company’s Board has amended the Charter to eliminate this classified Board structure, the declassification will not be fully phased in until after the 2024 annual meeting of stockholders.
Certain provisions of the Company’s Amended and Restated Charter and Amended and Restated Bylaws may have an anti-takeover effect and may delay, defer or prevent a merger, acquisition, tender offer, takeover attempt or other change of control transaction that a stockholder might consider in its best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares held by the Company’s stockholders.

These Other provisions providein the Charter and/or Bylaws include:

the ability of the Company’s Board of Directors to issue one or more series of preferred stock;
advance notice for among other things:nominations of directors by stockholders and for stockholders to include matters to be considered at the Company’s annual meetings;

the ability of the Company’s board of directors to issue one or more series of preferred stock;
advance notice for nominations of directors by stockholders and for stockholders to include matters to be considered at the Company’s annual meetings;
certain limitations on convening special stockholder meetings;
limiting the ability of stockholders to act by written consent; and
the Company’s board of directors have the express authority to make, alter or repeal the Company’s amended and restated bylaws.
certain limitations on convening special stockholder meetings; and

the Company’s Board of Directors have the express authority to make, alter or repeal the Company’s Bylaws.
These anti-takeover provisions could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire the Company, even if the third party’s offer may be considered beneficial by many of the Company’s stockholders. As a result, the Company’s stockholders may be limited in their ability to obtain a premium for their shares. These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for any stockholders to elect directors of their choosing and to cause the Company to take other corporate actions they desire.

The Company’s Amended and Restated Charter designates the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware as the sole and exclusive forum for certain types of actions and proceedings that may be initiated by the Company’s stockholders, which could limit the Company’s stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with the Company or its directors, officers, employees or stockholders.

The Company’s Amended and Restated Charter provides that, subject to limited exceptions, any (1) derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Company, (2) action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer, stockholder or employee to the Company or its stockholders, (3) action asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCLDelaware corporate statute or the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporationCharter or the Company’s amended and restated bylaws,Bylaws, or (4) action asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be exclusively brought in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, if such court does not have subject matter jurisdiction thereof, another state or federal court located within the State of

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Delaware. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of the Company’s capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions of the Company’s certificate of incorporationCharter described above. This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with the Company or its directors, officers or other employees, which may discourage such lawsuits against the Company and its directors, officers and employees. Alternatively, if a court were to find these provisions of the Company’s Amended and Restated Charter inapplicable to, or unenforceable in respect of, one or more of the specified types of actions or proceedings, the Company may incur additional costs associated with resolving such matters in other jurisdictions, which could adversely affect the Company’s business and financial condition.


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Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.


Item 1C. Cybersecurity
Risk Management and Strategy
We regularly assess risks from cybersecurity threats; monitor our information systems for potential vulnerabilities; and test those systems pursuant to our cybersecurity policies, processes, and practices, which are integrated into our overall risk management program. To protect our information systems from cybersecurity threats, we use various security tools that are designed to help identify, escalate, investigate, resolve, and recover from security incidents in a timely manner. We have a team comprised of representatives from cross-functional business teams (e.g., legal, engineering, finance, technology, security, internal audit, and commercial), that assesses risks based on probability and potential impact to key business systems and processes. Risks that are considered high are incorporated into our overall risk management program. A mitigation plan is developed for each identified high risk, with progress reported to the security management team and tracked as part of our overall risk management program overseen by the Audit Committee of our board of directors.
We maintain a Cybersecurity Incident Response Plan (“CIRP”), which establishes an organizational framework and guidelines intended to facilitate an effective response and handling of cybersecurity incidents that could jeopardize the availability, integrity, or confidentiality of our assets. The CIRP outlines roles and responsibilities of a cybersecurity incident response team comprised of cross-functional members of management from information technology, information security, legal, finance, and human resources; the specific criteria for measuring the severity of a cybersecurity incident; and an escalation framework. The CIRP also addresses senior management responsibility with respect to public disclosure determinations related to a cybersecurity incident and provides for Audit Committee and Board briefings. Along with the CIRP, management sustains numerous programs and processes to stay informed about and monitor the prevention, detection, mitigation and remediation of cybersecurity incidents. The list of cybersecurity programs and processes described below is not meant to be exhaustive, but to provide examples of such programs and processes.
When needed, we collaborate with third parties to assess the effectiveness of our cybersecurity prevention and response systems and processes. These include cybersecurity assessors, consultants, and other external cybersecurity experts to assist in the identification, verification, and validation of cybersecurity risks, as well as to support associated mitigation plans when necessary. We have also developed a third-party cybersecurity risk management process to conduct due diligence on external entities.
A cybersecurity incident may be detected in a number of ways, including, but not limited to, through automated reporting mechanisms, network and system indicators, intrusion detection systems, proactive threat hunt, internal investigations, employee reports, law enforcement reports, threat intelligence feeds, or other third-party notifications. To oversee and identify cybersecurity threat risks on a day-to-day basis, including from third party service providers, we maintain a security operations center with full time monitoring.
Upon detection of a cybersecurity incident, the cybersecurity incident response team acts to isolate and contain the threat. The cybersecurity incident response team analyzes the incident and determines, based on the CIRP framework, whether the incident should be escalated. Escalation includes notification to the board of directors, senior executives, and to the cyber response reporting committee. The cyber response reporting committee is an internal cross-functional team comprised of members of management or other key employees that analyzes each incident for disclosure under the U.S. securities laws. Throughout the process, steps are taken to stop or lower the impact, prevent spread of the incident, evaluate the scope of the incident, plan to contain the impacted data and systems, and to fully remove and stop the incident. We may engage third party experts for assistance with crisis management, including forensic investigations, ransom negotiation, or crisis communication. We also consult with outside counsel as appropriate, including with respect to the materiality analysis for disclosure matters. Our management also apprises our independent registered public accounting firm of cybersecurity incidents and developments. During this process, the cybersecurity operations team will take steps to preserve evidence as soon as possible, including, but not limited to, memory dumps, log preservation and forensic hard drive collection.
We have not identified any risks from known cybersecurity threats, including those resulting from any previous cybersecurity incidents, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. Refer to the risk factor captioned, “We may not be able to protect our systems, technology and infrastructure from cyberattacks and cyberattacks experienced by third parties may adversely affect us,” in “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” in this Annual Report for additional description of cybersecurity risks and potential related impacts on us.
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Governance
Our board of directors oversees our risk management process, including as it pertains to cybersecurity risks, directly and through its committees. The Audit Committee of the board is primarily responsible for overseeing our risk management program, which focuses on the most significant risks we face in the short-, intermediate-, and long-term timeframe. Audit Committee meetings include discussions of specific risk areas throughout the year, including, among others, those relating to cybersecurity threats. The Audit Committee reviews our cybersecurity risk profile with management on a periodic basis using key performance and/or risk indicators. These key performance indicators are metrics and measurements designed to assess the effectiveness of our cybersecurity program in the prevention, detection, mitigation, and remediation of cybersecurity incidents.
Management is responsible for the day-to-day assessment and management of cybersecurity risks. Teams of IT, engineering, and information security professionals oversee cybersecurity risk management and mitigation, incident prevention, detection, and remediation. Leadership of these teams are professionals with cybersecurity expertise across multiple industries. Specifically, our Senior Information Security Manager leads our cybersecurity risk management function and is primarily responsible for assessing and managing our cybersecurity risk, with support from our Director of Information Technology and the Senior Director of Engineering. Our Senior Information Security Manager has over twenty years’ experience leading and managing cyber security programs and teams at various companies, and holds a CISSP certification (Certified Information Systems Security Professional).

Item 2. Properties

To support our business operations in the United States and other countries we lease real properties. Our various reportable segments use these facilities for their respective business purposes, and we believe these current facilities are suitable for their respective uses and are adequate for our anticipated future needs. We do not anticipate any future problems renewing or obtaining suitable leases for us or any of our businesses.


Item 3. Legal Proceedings

TCPA Proceedings

Cases Under Telephone Consumer Protection Act. Porch and/or an acquired entity, GoSmith.com, are party to 14a legal proceedingsproceeding alleging violations of the automated calling and/or internal and National Do Not Call restrictions of the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 (“TCPA”). Some of these actions allegeand a related Washington state law claims. Most of theclaim. The proceedings were commenced as thirteen separate mass tort actions brought by a single plaintiffs’ law firm in December 2019 and April/May 2020 in federal district courts throughout the United StatesStates. One of the actions was dismissed with prejudice and have beenappealed to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. While the appeal was pending, the remaining cases were consolidated in the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington, where Porch resides. A related action brought by the same plaintiffs’ law firm was dismissed with prejudice and is on appeal beforeOn October 12, 2022, in a split decision, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals.

These actions areAppeals reversed. Following remand, that case was also consolidated with the Western District of Washington action. Plaintiffs then filed a motion for leave to file a second amended complaint, which was granted in part and denied in part. The Second Amended Complaint was filed in July 2023. In September 2023, Defendants filed a Motion to Strike the Second Amended Complaint; this motion was denied. Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss was filed on February 15, 2024. The parties’ filed a required Joint Status Report and Discovery Plan on February 16, 2024. Plaintiffs seek actual, statutory, and/or treble damages, injunctive relief, and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs. The action is at an early stage in the litigation process. It is not possible to determine the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome of these disputes, although it is reasonably possible that the outcome of these actions may be unfavorable. Further, it is not possible to estimate the range or amount of potential loss (if the outcome should be unfavorable). Porch intends to contest these cases vigorously.

Kandela Proceeding.   In May 2020, the former owners of Kandela, LLC filed a complaint against Porch in the Superior Court of the State of California, alleging a breach of contract related to the terms and achievement of an earnout agreement related to the acquisition of the Kandela business and related fraudulent inducement claims. This action is at an early stage in the litigation process and Porch is unable to determine the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome, although it is reasonably possible that the outcome may be unfavorable. Porch is unable to provide an estimate of the range or amount of potential loss (if the outcome should be unfavorable). Porch intendsWe intend to contest this case vigorously.

Putative Wage and Hours Class Action Proceeding. A former employee of HireAHelper™ filed a complaint in San Diego County Superior Court asserting putative class action claims for failure to pay overtime, failure to pay compensation at the time of separation and unfair business practices in violation of California law. HireAHelper™ was served with the complaint in December 2020 and on January 28, 2021 Defendants removed the case to the United States District Court for the Southern District of California. The plaintiff seeks to represent all current and former non-exempt employees of HireAHelper™ and Legacy Porch in the State of California during the relevant time period. This action is at an early stage in the litigation process. This action is at an early stage in the litigation process and Porch is unable to determine the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome, although it is reasonably possible that the outcome may be unfavorable. Porch is unable to provide an estimate of the range or amount of potential loss (if the outcome should be unfavorable), however the parties have agreed to explore resolution by way of a private non-binding mediation in the summer or fall of 2021. Porch intends to contest this case vigorously

In addition, in the ordinary course of business, Porchus and itsour subsidiaries are (or may become) parties to litigation involving property, personal injury, contract,

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Table of Contents

intellectual property and other claims, as well as stockholder derivative actions, class action lawsuits and other matters. The amounts that may be recovered in such matters may be subject to insurance coverage. Although the results of legal proceedings and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, neither Porchus nor any of itsour subsidiaries isare currently a party to any legal proceedings the outcome of which, we believe, if determined adversely to us, would individually or in the aggregate have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.


Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

45


PART II


Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Market Information

Our common stock trades on the NASDAQNasdaq Capital Market under the symbol “PRCH.”

Holders

There were 527554 stockholders of record as of March 26, 2021.8, 2024. This figure does not include an estimate of the indeterminate number of “street name” or beneficial holders whose shares may be held of record by brokerage firms and clearing agencies.

Dividend Policy

We have not paid any cash dividends on our common stock to date. The payment of cash dividends is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and may be affected by various factors, including our future earnings, financial condition, capital requirements, share repurchase activity, current and future planned strategic growth initiatives, levels of indebtedness and other considerations our Board of Directors may deem relevant.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

See Part III, Item 12 Our insurance company subsidiaries are highly regulated and are restricted by statute as to the amount of this Form 10-K and Note 8, Stock-Based Compensationdividends they may pay without the prior approval of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for additional information required.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Nonetheir respective regulatory authorities.

.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

Between December 28

On April 17, 2023, we entered into convertible note subscription agreements (the “Subscription Agreements”) with certain institutional investors (the “Investors”), pursuant to which we agreed to issue and December 31, 2020,sell (at an issue price of 95% of par value) $333.3 million in aggregate principal amount of a new series of 6.75% convertible senior secured notes due 2028 (the “2028 Notes”) in a private placement to Investors (the “2028 Notes Offering”). On April 20, 2023, we consummated the 2028 Notes Offering.
We received net cash proceeds of approximately $100 million from the 2028 Notes Offering after (i) the repurchase of $200.0 million aggregate principal amount of our existing 0.75% convertible senior notes due 2026 (the “2026 Notes”) in the 2026 Notes Repurchase (as defined below), (ii) repayment of $10 million principal amount of existing subsidiary secured indebtedness, and (iii) payment of accrued interest and related transaction fees and expenses. We issued the 2028 Notes under an indenture, dated as of April 20, 2023 (the “Indenture”), among the Company, issued an aggregate amountcertain subsidiaries of 420,000the Company, as Subsidiary Guarantors, and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association, in its capacity as trustee and as collateral agent thereunder.
The 2028 Notes will be convertible into cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of common stock at our election at an initial conversion rate of the Company to the previous owners of acquisition targets in connection with such acquisitions. These39.9956 shares of common stock per one-thousand dollars principal amount of the 2028 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $25.00 per share of common stock. A maximum of 13.3 million shares of our common stock may be issued upon conversion of the 2028 Notes, subject to customary adjustments.
The 2028 Notes are convertible at the option of the holders (in whole or in part) at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding July 1, 2028, only under the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on June 30, 2023 (and only during such calendar quarter), if the last reported sale price of the common stock for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter is greater than or equal to 130% of the conversion price on each applicable trading day; (2) during the five business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the “measurement period”) in which the “trading price” (as defined in Section 1.01 of the Indenture) per one thousand dollars principal amount of Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of common stock and the conversion rate on each such trading day; (3) if we call any or all of the 2028 Notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the scheduled trading day immediately preceding the redemption date; or (4) upon the occurrence of certain corporate events as specified in the Indenture. On or after July 1, 2028, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, holders may convert all or a portion of their 2028 Notes at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.
On or after October 1, 2024, we may redeem (an “Optional Redemption”) for cash all or any portion of the 2028 Notes at a redemption price equal to the Applicable Percentage (as defined in the Indenture) of the principal amount of such 2028
46


Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the applicable redemption date; provided, however, that if we elect to redeem fewer than all of the outstanding 2028 Notes, we must, in the case of each Optional Redemption, elect to redeem a minimum of $62.5 million in aggregate principal amount of 2028 Notes. No sinking fund is provided for the 2028 Notes.
The 2028 Notes were not be registered under the Securities Act , and were issued in reliance on the exemption from registration requirements thereof provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act becauseas a transaction by an issuer not involving a public offering.
Performance Graph
The following graph depicts the issuance of such shares oftotal cumulative stockholder return on our common stock did not involve a public offering.

Allfrom January 13, 2020, the first day of trading of our common stock on the Nasdaq stock exchange, through December 31, 2023, relative to the performance of the foregoing sharesStandard & Poor’s 500 Index “S&P 500 ” and S&P 500 Information Technology Sector Index “S&P 500 IT”. The graph assumes an initial investment of Company common$100.00 at the close of trading on January 13, 2020. The performance shown in the graph below is not intended to forecast or be indicative of future stock were subsequently registeredprice performance.

3106
January 13,December 31,
20202020202120222023
Porch Group, Inc.$100 $145 $165 $15 $31 
SP 500 Index100 115 140 115 145 
SP 500 IT Index100 130 170 135 202 
The performance graph and related information shall not be deemed “soliciting material” or to be “filed” with the SEC for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any future filing under the Securities Act throughor the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, which was declared effectiveExchange Act, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language in any such filing, or otherwise subject to the liabilities under the Securities Act or Exchange Act, except to the extent that we specifically incorporate it by the SEC on January 29, 2021.

reference into such filing.

48


Item 6. Reserved
None.

47

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

Discussion omitted pursuant to SEC Release 33-10890.


49

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis provides information which Porch’s management believes is relevant to an assessment and understanding of Porch’s consolidated results of operations and financial condition. This discussion and analysis should be read

Business Overview
Porch Group, Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries, (“Porch Group,” “Porch,” the consolidated financial statements“Company,” “we,” “our,” “us”) is a leading vertical software and related notesinsurance platform and is positioned to be the best partner to help homebuyers move, maintain, and fully protect their homes. We offer differentiated products and services, with homeowners insurance at the center of this relationship.
We differentiate and look to win in the massive and growing homeowners insurance opportunity by 1) providing the best services for homebuyers, 2) led by advantaged underwriting in insurance, 3) to protect the whole home.
As a leader in the home services software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) space, we’ve built deep relationships with approximately 30 thousand companies that are included elsewhere in this Annual Report. In addition to historical financial analysis, this discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions, as described under the heading “Forward-Looking Statements.” Actual results and timing of selected events may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under “Risk Factors” or elsewhere in this Annual Report. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” to “we”, “us”, “our”, and “the Company” are intended to mean the business and operations of Porch and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Certain figures, such as interest rates and other percentages, included in this section have been rounded for ease of presentation. Percentage figures included in this section have not in all cases been calculated on the basis of such rounded figures but on the basis of such amounts prior to rounding. For this reason, percentage amounts in this section may vary slightly from those obtained by performing the same calculations using the figures in Porch’s financial statements or in the associated text. Certain other amounts that appear in this section may similarly not sum due to rounding.

Restatement and Revision of Previously Issued Financial Statements

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations has been amended and restated to give effectkey to the restatement and revision of our Original Financial Statements. We are restating our historical financial results to reclassify our Private Warrants as derivative liabilities pursuant to ASC 815-40 rather than as a component of equity as we had previously treated them. The impact of the restatement is reflected in the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations below. Other than as disclosed in the Explanatory Note and with respect to the impact of the restatement, no other information in this Item 7 has been amended and this Item 7 does not reflect any events occurring after the Original Filing. The impact of the restatement is more fully described in Note 1 to our financial statements included in Item 8 of Part II of this Amendment and Item 9A: Controls and Procedures, both contained herein.

Business Overview

Porch is a vertical software platform for the home, providing software and services to approximately 11,000 home services companies,home-buying transaction, such as home inspectors, moving companies, utility companies, warrantymortgage companies, and others. Porchtitle companies.

We have grown the utilization our software products across these industries; for example, more than 40% of home inspections in 2023 and approximately 40% of title transactions in 2023 are processed through our software. These relationships provide us with early insights to a majority of United States (“U.S.”) homebuyers. In partnership with these companies, we have the ability to help simplify the move for consumers with services such as insurance, warranty, moving and more.
Through our vertical software products we have unique insights into the majority of U.S. properties. This data helps these service providers grow their businessfeed our insurance underwriting models, better understand risk, and improve their customer experience.

Porchcreate competitive differentiation in underwriting.

We provide full protection for the home by including a variety of home warranty products alongside homeowners insurance. We are able to fill the gaps of protection for consumers, minimize surprises, and deepen our relationships and value proposition.
We have two reportable segments: the Vertical Software segment and the Insurance segment.
Vertical Software —The Vertical Software segment provides software and services to homeinspection, mortgage, and title companies on a subscription and transactional basis, which was 54% of total vertical software revenue in 2023, and move and post-move services, companies and, through these relationships, gains unique and early access to homebuyers and homeowners, assists homebuyers and homeowners with critical services suchwhich was 46% of total vertical software revenue in 2023. The Vertical Software segment operates as insurance and moving, and, in turn, Porch’s platform drives demand for other services from such companies as part of our value proposition. Porch has three types of customers: (1) home services companies, such as home inspectors, for whom Porch providesseveral key businesses, including inspection software and services, title insurance software, mortgage software, moving services, mover and who provide introductionshomeowner marketing, and measurement software for roofers.
Insurance — Our Insurance segment provides consumers with insurance and warranty products to homebuyersprotect their homes, earning revenue through premiums collected on policies, policy fees and homeowners; (2) consumers, such as homebuyerscommissions. The Insurance segment includes Homeowners of America (“HOA”), a wholly owned insurance carrier, Porticus Reinsurance (“Porticus RE”), our Cayman Islands captive reinsurer, and homeowners, whom Porch assistsWarranty, among other warranty brands.

Basis of Presentation
The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes include the accounts of Porch Group, Inc., and its wholly owned subsidiaries and were prepared in accordance with the comparison and provision of various critical home services, such as insurance, moving, security, TV/internet, and home repair and improvement; and (3) service providers, such as insurance carriers, moving companies, security companies and TV/internet providers, who pay Porch for new customer sign-ups.

Throughout the last seven (7) years, Porch has established many partnerships across a number of home-related industries. Porch has also proven effective at selectively acquiring companies which can be efficiently integrated into Porch’s platform. In 2017, we significantly expanded our positionaccounting principles generally accepted in the home inspection industry by acquiring ISN™, a developer of ERPUnited States (“GAAP”). All significant intercompany accounts and CRM software for home inspectors. In November 2018, we acquired HireAHelper™, a provider of software and demand for moving companies.

transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

50


We sell our software and services to companies using a variety of sales and marketing tactics. We have teams of inside sales representatives organized by vertical market who engage directly with companies. We have enterprise sales teams which target the large named accounts in each of our vertical markets. These teams are supported by a variety of typical software marketing tactics, including both digital, in-person (such as trade shows and other events) and content marketing.

For consumers, Porch largely relies on our unique and proprietary relationships with the approximately 11,000 companies using Porch’s software to provide the company with end customer access and introductions. Porch then utilizes technology, lifecycle marketing and teams in lower cost locations to operate as a Moving Concierge to assist these consumers with services. Porch has invested in limited direct-to-consumer (“D2C”) marketing capabilities, but expects to become more advanced over time with capabilities such as digital and social retargeting.

Key Performance Measures and Operating Metrics

In the management of ourthese businesses, we identify, measure and evaluate a variety ofvarious operating metrics. The key performance measures and operating metrics we useused in managing ourthe businesses are set forthdiscussed below. These key performance measures and operating metrics are not prepared in accordance with GAAP and may not be comparable to or calculated in the same way as other similarly titled measures and metrics used by other companies. The key performance measures presented have been adjusted for divested Porch businesses in 2018 through 2020.

Average Number of Companies in Quarter — Porch provides software and services to home services companies and, through these relationships, gains unique and early access to homebuyers and homeowners, assists homebuyers and homeowners with critical services such as insurance and moving. Porchs customers include home services companies, such as home inspectors, for whom Porch provides software and services and who provide introductions to homebuyers and homeowners. Porch tracks the average number of home services companies from which it generates revenue each quarter in order to measure our ability to attract, retain and grow our relationships with home services companies. Management defines average companies in a quarter as the number of home services companies across all of Porchs home services verticals that (i)had revenue contracts with us and (ii)generated revenue eachmonth, averaged across a quarterly period.
Average Revenue per Account perMonth —Management views Porchs ability to increase revenue generated from existing customers as a key component of Porchs growth strategy. Average revenue per account permonth in quarter is defined as the average revenue permonth generated across all our home services company customer accounts in a quarterly period. Average Revenue per Account perMonth in Quarter are derived from all customers and total revenue; not only customers and revenues associated with Porchs referral network,
48


The following table summarizes our average companies in quarter and average revenue per account per monthoperating metrics for each of the quarterly periods indicated:indicated.
Year Ended December 31,
20232022% Change
Gross Written Premium (in millions)$525 $536 (2)%
Policies in Force (in thousands)310 389 (20)%
Annualized Revenue per Policy (unrounded)$984 $872 13 %
Annualized Premium per Policy (unrounded)$1,884 $1,215 55 %
Premium Retention Rate96 %107 %
Gross Loss Ratio69 %72 %
Average Companies in Quarter (unrounded)(1)30,476 29,032 %
Average Monthly Revenue per Account in Quarter (unrounded)(1)$1,184 $794 49 %
Monetized Services (unrounded)903,455 1,128,223 (20)%
Average Quarterly Revenue per Monetized Service (unrounded)(1)$404 $184 119 %

(1)

    

2018 

    

2018 

    

2018 

    

2018 

    

2019 

    

2019 

    

2019 

    

2019 

    

2020 

    

2020 

    

2020 

    

2020

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Average Companies in Quarter

 

7,995

 

8,520

 

9,142

 

9,627

 

10,199

 

10,470

 

10,699

 

10,972

 

10,903

 

10,523

 

10,792

 

11,157

Average Revenue per Account per Month in Quarter

$

339

$

369

$

344

$

325

$

305

$

468

$

552

$

450

$

484

$

556

$

664

$

556

Amounts for periods that include more than one quarter are calculated as the average of the quarters within the period.

Number of Monetized Services

Gross Written Premium — We define Gross Written Premium as the total premium written by our licensed insurance carrier(s) (before deductions for reinsurance); premiums from our home warranty offerings (for the face value of one year’s premium); and premiums of policies placed with third-party insurance companies for which we earn a commission.
Policies in Force — We define Policies in Force as the number of in-force policies at the end of the period for the Insurance segment, including policies and warranties written by us and policies and warranties written by third parties for which we earn a commission.
Annualized Revenue per Policy — We define Annualized Revenue per Policy as quarterly revenue for the Insurance segment, divided by the number of Policies in Force in the Insurance segment, multiplied by four.
Annualized Premium per Policy — We define Annualized Premium per Policy as the total direct earned premium for HOA, our insurance carrier, divided by the number of active insurance policies at the end of the period, multiplied by four.
Premium Retention Rate — We define Premium Retention Rate as the ratio of our insurance carrier’s renewed premiums over the last four quarters to base premiums, which is the sum of the preceding year’s premiums that either renewed or expired.
Gross Loss Ratio — We define Gross Loss Ratio as our insurance carrier’s gross losses divided by the gross earned premium for the respective period on an accident year basis.
Average Companies in Quarter — We define Average Companies in Quarter as the straight-line average of the number of companies as of the end of period compared with the beginning of period across all of our home services verticals that (i) generate recurring revenue and (ii) generated revenue in the quarter. For new acquisitions, the number of companies is determined in the initial quarter based on the percentage of the quarter the acquired business is a part of Porch.
Average Monthly Revenue per Account in Quarter — We view our ability to increase revenue generated from existing customers as a key component of our growth strategy. Average Monthly Revenue per Account in Quarter — Porch connects consumers with home services companies nationwide and offers a full range of products and services where homeowners can, among other things: (i)compare and buy home insurance policies (along with auto, flood and umbrella policies) with competitive rates and coverage; (ii)arrange for a variety of services in connection with their move, from labor to load or unload a truck to full-service, long-distance moving services; (iii)discover and install home automation and security systems; (iv)compare internet and television options for their new home; (v)book small handyman jobs at fixed, upfront prices with guaranteed quality; and (vi)compare bids from home improvement professionals who can complete bigger jobs. Porch tracks the number of monetized services performed through its platform each quarter and the revenue generated per service performed in order to measure to measure

51

market penetration with homebuyers and homeowners and Porchs ability to deliver high-revenue services within those groups. Monetized services per quarter is defined as the total number of unique services from which we generated revenue, including, but not limited to, new insurance customers, completed moving jobs, security installations, TV/internet installations or other home projects, measured over a quarterly period.
Average Revenue per Monetized Service —Management believes that shifting the mix of services delivered to homebuyers and home owners toward higher revenue services is a key component of Porchs growth strategy. Average revenue per monetized services in quarter is the average revenue generated per monetized service performed in a quarterly period. When calculating Average Revenue per Monetized Service in quarter, average revenue is defined as total quarterly service transaction revenues generated from monetized services divided by threemonths.

The following table summarizes our monetized services and average revenue per month generated across all home services company customer accounts in a quarterly period. Average Monthly Revenue per Account in Quarter is derived from all customers and total revenue.

Monetized Services — We connect consumers with home services companies nationwide and offer a full range of products and services where homeowners can, among other things: (1) compare and buy home insurance policies (along with auto, flood and umbrella policies) and warranties with competitive rates and coverage; (2) arrange for a variety of services in connection with their move, from labor to load or unload a truck to full-service, long-distance moving services; (3) discover and install home automation and security systems; (4) compare internet and television options for their new home; (5) book small handyman jobs at fixed, upfront prices with guaranteed quality; and (6) compare bids from home improvement professionals who can complete bigger jobs. We track the number of monetized services performed through our platform each quarter and the revenue generated per service performed in order to measure market penetration with homebuyers and homeowners and our ability to deliver high-revenue services within those groups. Monetized Services is defined as the total number of services from which we generated revenue, including, but not limited to, new and renewing
49

insurance and warranty customers, completed moving jobs, security installations, TV/Internet installations or other home projects, measured over the period.
Average Quarterly Revenue per Monetized Service — We believe that shifting the mix of services delivered to homebuyers and homeowners toward higher revenue services is an important component of our growth strategy. Average Quarterly Revenue per Monetized Service is the average revenue generated per monetized service for each of theperformed in a quarterly periods indicated:

    

2018 

    

2018 

    

2018 

    

2018 

    

2019 

    

2019 

    

2019 

    

2019 

    

2020 

    

2020 

    

2020 

    

2020

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Monetized Services in Quarter

 

159,824

 

193,114

 

188,502

 

184,645

 

185,378

 

205,887

 

211,190

 

172,862

 

152,165

 

181,520

 

198,165

 

169,949

Revenue per Monetized Service in Quarter

$

42

$

41

$

42

$

44

$

43

$

63

$

76

$

78

$

93

$

86

$

97

$

98

In 2020, the Company shifted insurance monetizationperiod. When calculating Average Quarterly Revenue per Monetized Service, average revenue is defined as total quarterly service transaction revenues generated from getting paid per quote to earning multiyear insurance commissions, resulting in fewer monetized transactions with higher average revenue.

In March 2020, COVID-19 impacted the service volumes during the period from March until June. The impact on service volumes, largely recovered by June 30, 2020 and after adjusting for insurance monetization remains above prior year volumes.

services.


Recent Developments

Merger

Convertible Notes Financing
In April 2023, we issued $333.3 million of 6.75% Senior Secured Convertible Notes due in 2028 (the “2028 Notes”) in a private placement transaction. We used a portion of the net proceeds from the 2028 Notes to repurchase $200.0 million of the 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due on September 15, 2026 (the “2026 Notes”) and Public Company Costs

Porch Group, Inc. was originally known as PropTech Acquisition Corporation,to fund the repayment of a special purpose acquisition company, which completed its initial public offeringterm loan facility.

In February 2024, we repurchased $8.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Notes in November 2019. On December 23, 2020, the Company consummated its initial business combination pursuant to that certain Agreement and Plana private transaction. We paid $3.0 million cash, or 37.5% of Merger, dated July 30, 2020 (as amended by the First Amendment to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 12, 2020) by and among PTAC, PTAC Merger Sub Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of PTAC, Porch.com, Inc., and the representative of all pre-merger shareholders of Porch. The pre-merger Porch entity is considered the Company’s accounting predecessor.

While the legal acquirerpar, in the merger agreement was PTAC, for financial accountingrepurchase transaction. This transaction reduced the outstanding principal on the 2026 Notes from $225.0 million to $217.0 million.

Share Repurchases
In October 2022, our board of directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing management to repurchase up to $15.0 million in our common stock and/or convertible notes. Repurchases under this program were permitted from time to time on the open market between November 10, 2022, and reporting purposes under generally accepted accounting principlesJune 30, 2023, at prevailing market prices, in privately negotiated transactions, in block trades, and/or through other permissible means.
During the first quarter of 2023, we repurchased and canceled 1.4 million shares with a total cost of $3.1 million (including commissions). The cost paid to repurchase shares in excess of the par value is charged to accumulated deficit in the United States (“GAAP”), Porch was the accounting acquirer and the merger was accounted for as a “reverse recapitalization.” A reverse recapitalization does not result in a new basisConsolidated Balance Sheets.
The repurchase of accounting, and the financial statements$200.0 million of the combined entity represent the continuation2026 Notes as described in Note 7, Debt, of the financial statements of PorchNotes to Consolidated Financial Statements in many respects. Under this method of accounting, PTAC was treated as the “acquired” company for financial reporting purposes. For accounting purposes, Porch was deemed to be the accounting acquirer in the transactionItem 8. Financial Statements and consequently, the transaction was treated as a recapitalization of Porch (i.e., a capital transaction involving the issuance of stock by PTAC for the stock of Porch). Accordingly, the consolidated assets, liabilities and results of operations of the pre-merger Porch entity became the historical financial statements of Porch Group, Inc., and PTAC’s assets, liabilities and results of operations were consolidated with Porch beginning on the acquisition date. Operations prior to the closing of the merger are presented as those of Porch. The net assets of PTAC were recognized at historical, with no goodwill or

52

other intangible assets recorded. The most significant change in Porch’s reported financial position and results is a net increase in cash of approximately $269 million from the recapitalization.

As a consequence of the merger, Porch has become the successor to an SEC-registered and NASDAQ-listed company which will require Porch to hire additional personnel and implement procedures and processes to address public company regulatory requirements and customary practices. Porch expects to incur additional annual expenses as a public company for, among other things, directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, director fees and additional internal and external accounting and legal and administrative resources, including increased audit and legal fees.

COVID-19 Impact

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic related to the global novel coronavirus disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) outbreak. The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected Porch’s business operations, which has impacted revenue primarily in the first half of 2020. In response to the COVID-19 outbreak and government-imposed measures to control its spread, Porch’s ability to conduct ordinary course business activities has been and may continue to be impaired for an indefinite period of time. The extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Porch’s operational and financial performance will depend on various future developments, including the duration and spread of the outbreak and impact on the Company’s customers, suppliers, and employees, all of which is uncertain at this time. Porch expects the COVID-19 pandemic to adversely impact revenue and results of operations, but Porch is unable to predict at this time the size and duration of this adverse impact. At the same time, Porch is observing a recovery in home sales to pre-COVID-19 levels in the second half of 2020, and with them, home inspections and related services. For more information on Porch’s operations and risks related to health epidemics, including the coronavirus, please see the sectionSupplementary Data,” of this Annual Report entitled “Risk Factors — Risks Relatingwas done under separate authorization and was not part of the $15.0 million share repurchase program.

Reciprocal Exchange
In 2023, we filed an application to Porch’s Businessform and Industry.

Comparabilitylicense a Texas reciprocal exchange (the “Reciprocal”) with the Texas Department of Financial Information

Porch’s future resultsInsurance (“TDI”). If approved by the TDI, our insurance underwriting business will be conducted through the Reciprocal. A Porch subsidiary would serve as the operator (or “attorney-in-fact”) for the Reciprocal. In that role it would perform underwriting, claims, and management services for the Reciprocal and receive a management fee calculated as a percentage of operationsits premiums. Porch subsidiaries would act as general agents for the Reciprocal and financial positionHOA and would receive fees and commissions. There can be no assurance that the Reciprocal will receive regulatory approval, and if obtained, that the approval would be based on terms as proposed or subject to additional requirements that may not be comparableacceptable to historical resultsus. If the application is approved, we intend to launch Porch Insurance, a new brand and product to be offered by the Reciprocal, including unique benefits for consumers such as a free 90-day warranty and proprietary discounts to customers within the Porch ecosystem.

In the third quarter of 2023, after allegations of fraudulent activity by others in the industry (see “Terminated Reinsurance Contract” section below), HOA was placed under supervision by the TDI following the release of HOA’s statutory accounts which reflected a charge for balances deemed uncollectible as a result of the merger.

Key Factors Affecting Operating Results

The Company has been implementingfraud allegations. Subsequently, HOA’s rating agency, Demotech, withdrew its strategy asfinancial stability rating. We have worked closely with the TDI to restore HOA’s surplus to an appropriate level following HOA’s placement under TDI supervision and made a vertical software platform$57 million cash investment into HOA to increase surplus in exchange for a $49 million surplus note, with interest and principal payments, and the home, providing software and servicespurchase of all rights from HOA for potential claims related to approximately 11,000 home services companies, such as home inspectors, moving companies, utility companies, warranty companiesthe fraud connected to Vesttoo and others. In addition, HOA submitted a formal operational plan to the TDI for its review and has worked closely with both the TDI and Demotech to resolve their concerns to exit supervision and regain its financial stability rating. On November 2, 2023, the TDI released HOA from regulatory supervision and on November 8, 2023 Demotech reinstated HOA’s A rating. The TDI is satisfied with HOA’s capital surplus, financials, and operating plan following are key factors affectingPorch Group’s $57 million cash investment into HOA. The rating withdrawal did not have a material impact on our financial performance.

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Weather Events
The second and third quarters of 2023 saw extreme weather events, including wind, thunderstorms, and hail. Extreme weather in Texas this year resulted in record levels of industry-wide claims. These extreme weather events compared to historic trends negatively impacted our operating results in 2019the second quarter within the Insurance segment by approximately $26.0 million, net of third-party reinsurance.
Terminated Reinsurance Contract
During 2023, HOA discovered that Vesttoo Ltd (“Vesttoo”), which arranged capital for one of our reinsurance contracts, faced allegations of fraudulent activity in connection with collateral it provided to HOA and 2020:

Continued investment in growingcertain other third parties, which allegations have since been confirmed. We have communicated and met with regulators and other key stakeholders regarding the evolving situation. This reinsurance agreement provided partial quota share coverage as well as up to approximately $175.0 million in a catastrophic event.
As a result of its findings, and expanding our position in the home inspection industry as a result of the 2017 acquisition of ISN, a developer of ERP and CRM software for home inspectors.
Continued investment in growing and expanding our position in providing moving services to consumers as a result of the 2018 acquisition of HireAHelper, a provider of software and demand for moving companies.
In 2020 the Company invested $8.3 million in cash and $6.9 million in common stock to acquire four companies to expand the scope and nature of the Companys product and service offerings, obtain new customer acquisition channels, add additional team members with important skillsets, and realize synergies, in transactions accounted for as a business combination.
Intentionally building operating leverage in the business by growing operating expenses at a slower rate than the growth in revenue. We are specifically increasing economies of scale related to our variable selling costs, Moving Concierge call center operations and product and technology costs.

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Divesting businesses in 2020 and 2019 that were not core to our strategy as a vertical software platform for the home. Upon divestiture, we recorded a gain of $1.4 million and a loss of $5.0 million in 2020 and 2019, respectively.
Complex debt and equity financings provided gross sources of cash of $70.9 million and $34.6 million in the years ended December31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. These financings included complex financial instruments, including convertible debt and equity, with both common stock and preferred stock warrants. The reported results include fair value gains and losses from the remeasurement of debt and warrants.
During 2020, the Company reduced cash payroll costs by $4.0 million in exchange for a commitment by the Company to provide up to 2,356,045 RSUs subject to certain performance and service. The performance vesting conditions, which were previously considered not probable of achievement were met in December 2020 as a result of the Merger. As a result, a cumulative catch up of $6.5 million of compensation expense was recorded in 2020.
A significant secondary stock transaction between the Companys CEO and a significant Porch stockholder at the time resulted in the recognition of a one-time stock-based compensation charge of $33.2 million in 2019.
In connection with the Merger, the CEO entered into an agreement with another significant shareholder for a payment of $3.2 million in cash and 950,000 of Porch Group, Inc. stock from the CEO to the other significant shareholder to induce the conversion of the shareholder’s preferred stock to common stock immediately prior to the close of the PTAC Merger Agreement. This transfer of $17.3 million in consideration was accounted for as deemed capital contribution from the CEO and increased total net loss in determining net loss available to common shareholders by $17.3 million.

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes of Porch include the accounts of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries and were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally acceptedthe terms of the reinsurance agreement, HOA terminated the associated contract on August 4, 2023, with an effective date of July 1, 2023. Had the contract not been terminated, the contract would have expired on December 31, 2023, and HOA would have been contracted to pay approximately $20.0 million in additional premium payments during July through December 2023. Following the effective date of the termination, HOA seized available liquid collateral in the United States (“GAAP”). All significant intercompanyamount of approximately $47.6 million from a reinsurance trust, of which HOA was the beneficiary, and recognized a charge of $36.0 million in provision for doubtful accounts in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

The Company operates in a single segment. Operating segments are identified as componentsComprehensive Loss. In addition, HOA is evaluating and intends to pursue all available legal claims and remedies to enforce its rights under the letter of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluationcredit required by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. The Company has determined that its Chief Executive Officer is the CODM. To date, the Company’s CODM has made such decisions and assessed performance at the Company level.

Components of Results of Operations

Total Revenue

The Company primarily generates revenue from (1) fees received for connecting homeowners to customersreinsurance agreement in the Company’s referral network, which consistamount of individual contractors, small businesses, insurance carriers,$300.0 million as additional collateral. We are also seeking recovery of all losses and large enterprises (“Referral Network Revenue”); (2) fees received for providing home improvement, maintenance and moving services directlydamages incurred as a result of terminating the reinsurance agreement due to homeowners (“Managed Services Revenue”); and (3) fees received for providing subscription access toallegations of fraudulent activity by third parties.

HOA has secured supplemental reinsurance coverage in the Company’s inspection software platform (“Software Subscription Revenue”). Revenue is recognized when controlamount of approximately $146.3 million as of December 31, 2023, replacing nearly all of the promised services or goods is transferredreinsurance coverage for certain catastrophic weather events that was in place under the terminated reinsurance contract. So far in 2024, we have purchased an additional $30 million of aggregate severe convection storm coverage, which includes hail.
In January 2024, we signed a strategic business collaboration agreement with Aon Corp. and Aon Re, Inc. (“Aon”) to our customers and in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services or goods.

In the Referral Network Revenue stream, the Company connects third party service providers (“Service Providers”) with homeowners that meet pre-defined criteria and may be looking for relevant services. Service Providers include a variety of service providers throughout a homeowner’s lifecycle, including plumbers, electricians and roofers, as well as

54

movers, TV/Internet, warranty, insurance carriers, and security monitoring providers. The Company also sells home and auto insurance policies for insurance carriers.

Managed Services Revenue includes fees earned from homeowners for providingprovide a variety of services directly to our businesses, resulting in payments by Aon to us of approximately $25 million upfront and additional cash payments over the homeowner,following four years. Contemporaneously with this agreement, the parties also signed a release of claims arising from the Vesttoo fraud. We have not released any claims against non-Aon parties related to these matters and intend to vigorously pursue recovery.


Critical Accounting Estimates
Our significant accounting policies, including handyman, plumbing, electrical, appliance repairthe assumptions and moving services. The Company generally invoices for managed services projects on a fixed fee or timejudgment underlying them, are disclosed in Note 1, Description of Business and materials basis. The transaction price represents the contractually agreed upon price with the end customer for providing the respective service. Revenue is recognized as services are performed based on an output measure or progress, which is generally over a short duration (e.g., same day). Fees earned for providing managed services projects are non-refundable and there is generally no rightSummary of return.

In the Software Subscription Revenue stream, the Company’s subscription arrangements, which primarily relates to subscriptions to the Company’s home inspector software, do not provide the customer with the right to take possessionSignificant Accounting Policies, of the software supporting the cloud-based application services. The Company’s standard subscription contracts are monthly contractsNotes to Consolidated Financial Statements in which pricing is based on a specified price per inspection completed through the software. Fees earned for providing access to the subscription software are non-refundableItem 8. Financial Statements and there is no rightSupplementary Data,” of return. Revenue is recognized based on the amount which the Company is entitled to for providing access to the subscription software during the monthly contract term.

Total Coststhis Annual Report. As disclosed in Note 1, Description of Business and Expenses

Operating expenses

Operating expenses are categorized into five categories:

Cost of revenue;
Selling and marketing;
Product and technology;
General and administrative; and
Gains and losses on divestiture of businesses.

The categoriesSummary of operating expenses, except gains and losses on divestiture of businesses, include both, cash expenses and non-cash charges, such as stock-based compensation, depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are recorded in all operating expense categories, and consist of depreciation from property, equipment and software and intangible assets.

Cost of revenue primarily consist of professional fees and materials under the Managed Services model and credit card processing fees, including merchant fees.

Selling and marketing expenses primarily consist of third-party data leads, affiliate and partner leads, paid search and search engine optimization (“SEO”) costs, payroll, employee benefits and stock-compensation expense and other headcount related costs associated with sales efforts directed toward companies and consumers.

Product and technology development costs primarily consist of payroll, employee benefits, stock-compensation expense, other headcount related costs associated with product development, net of costs capitalized as internally developed software, cloud computing, hosting and other technology costs, software subscriptions, professional services and amortization of internally-development software.

General and administrative expenses primarily consist of expenses associated with functional departments for finance, legal, human resources and executive management expenses. The primary categories of expenses include

55

payroll, employee benefits, stock-compensation expense and other headcount related costs, rent for office space, legal and professional fees, taxes, licenses and regulatory fees, and other administrative costs.

Loss on divestiture of businesses primarily consist of losses on the sale of two businesses in 2019. Gain on divestiture of businesses consists of gain on the sale of a business during the year ended December 31, 2020.

CriticalSignificant Accounting Policies, and Estimates

Theof the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, the preparation of Porch’s consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires Porch’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported and disclosed in the Porch consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to: estimated variable consideration for services transferred, depreciable lives for property and equipment, acquired intangible assets, goodwill, the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, assumptions used in stock-based compensation, and estimates of fair value of debt and warrant liabilities, contingent consideration, and common stock. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates and assumptions, and those differences could be material to the Porch’s consolidated financial statements.

At least quarterly, we evaluate We believe that the following discussion addresses our most critical accounting estimates, and assumptions and make changes accordingly. For information on our significant accounting policies, see Note 1Awhich are those that are most important to our accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Certain accounting policies have a more significant impact onthe portrayal of our financial statements due to the sizecondition and results of the financial statement elementsoperations and prevalence of their application. The following is a summary of some of the more critical accounting policiesrequire management’s most difficult, subjective, and estimates.

complex judgments.

Revenue Recognition

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company’s revenue recognition policy is a critical policy due to the adoption of the guidance from ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and because of the variety of revenue generating transactions.

The Company determines revenue recognition through the following five-step framework:

identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer;
identification of the performance obligations in the contract;
determination of the transaction price;
allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation.

The Company identifiesOur non-insurance performance obligations in its contracts with customers, which primarily include move-related transactions and post-move transactions such as delivery of homeowner leads or the sale of insurance policies (Referral Network Revenue),and performance of home project and moving services (Managed Services Revenue), and providing access to the Company’sour software platforms (Software Subscription Revenue).platforms. The transaction price is determined based on the amount to which the Company expectswe expect to be entitled to in exchange for providing the promised services to the customer. The transaction price in the contract is allocated to each distinct performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis. Revenue is recognized when performance obligations are satisfied. In certain transactions, the transaction price is considered variable, and we record an estimate of the constrained transaction price is recorded by the Company.price. Changes in variable consideration may result in an increase or a decrease to revenue. Changes to the estimated variable consideration were not material for the periods presented.

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51


Contract payment terms vary from due upon receipt to net 30 days. Collectability is assessed based on a number of factors including collection history and creditworthiness of the customer. If collectability of substantially all consideration to which the Company iswe are entitled under the contract is determined to be not probable, revenue is not recorded until collectability becomes probable at a later date.

Stock-Based Compensation

Accounting for stock-based compensationFair Value Measurements

Fair value is an exit price representing the expected amount that an entity would receive to sell an asset or pay to transfer a critical accounting policy due toliability in an orderly transaction with market participants at the broad-based equity awards provided to employees at all levelsmeasurement date. Fair value principles prioritize valuation inputs across three broad levels. An asset or liability’s classification within the Company and the use of equity awards as part of the strategy to retain employees as a result of mergers and acquisitions. The Company issues stock-based compensation to employees and nonemployees in the form of stock options and restricted stock awards. The fair value of stock optionsvarious levels is determined based on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The awards are accounted for by recognizinglowest level input that is significant to the fair value of the related award over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period. Forfeitures are accounted for when they occur.

There are a variety of estimates in the Black-Scholes opinion pricing model, including the determination of the fair value of the Company’s common stock, expected volatility, term, dividends and risk-free rate. Prior to the close of the Merger, we engaged an independent third-party valuation consultant to make periodic valuations of our class of common and preferred stock. The fair value of restricted stock awards is based on the value of the underlying stock, which is estimated periodically with assistance from the independent third-party valuation specialist using both market and income approaches.

measurement.

Business Combinations

The Company has

We have engaged in mergers and acquisitions in the past and intendsintend to continue to make acquisitions a significant part of our growthlong-term strategy. The Company made acquisitions with cash and non-cash consideration totaling $0.5 million in 2019 and $17.6 million in 2020. The Company accountsWe account for business acquisitions using the acquisition method of accounting and recordsrecord any identifiable intangible assets separate from goodwill. Intangible assets are recorded at their fair value based on estimates as of the date of acquisition. Goodwill is recorded as the residual amount of the purchase price consideration less the fair value assigned to the individual identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition. The accounting estimates associated with acquisitions are complex due to judgementsjudgments and assumptions involved in determining (1) the total consideration paid because we have used cash, stockequity, and earnouts and (2) the value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company allocatesWe allocate the purchase price of the acquisition to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on estimates of the fair value at the dates of the acquisitions. Contingent consideration, which represents anour obligation of the Company to make additional payments or equity interests to the former owner as part of the purchase price if specified future events occur or conditions are met, is accounted for at the acquisition date fair value either as a liability or as equity depending on the terms of the acquisition agreement.

Warrant Liabilities

AccountingImpairment of Long-Lived Assets

We test our long-lived asset groups when changes in circumstances indicate their carrying value may not be recoverable. Events that trigger a test for warrants as either equity-classifiedrecoverability include a significant decrease in the market price for a long-lived asset, significant negative industry or liability classified instrumentseconomic trends, an accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition or construction of a long-lived asset, a current-period operating or cash flow loss combined with a history of operating or cash flow losses or a projection or forecast that demonstrates continuing losses associated with the use of a long-lived asset or a sustained decrease in share price. When a triggering event occurs, a test for recoverability is a critical accounting policy dueperformed, comparing projected undiscounted future cash flows to the complexitycarrying value of the assessmentasset group. If the test for recoverability identifies a possible impairment, the asset group’s fair value is measured relying primarily on a discounted cash flow method. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying value of the warrant’s specific terms required byasset group excess its estimated fair value. When an impairment loss is recognized for assets to be held and used, the authoritative guidanceadjusted carrying amounts for those assets are depreciated over their remaining useful lives.
We evaluate long-lived assets at the lowest level at which independent cash flows can be identified, which is dependent on the strategy and expected future use of our long-lived assets. We evaluate corporate assets or other long-lived assets that are not asset group-specific at the estimates utilized used in the valuation model to determineconsolidated level.
We estimate the fair value at eachof an asset group using the income approach. The income approach uses cash flow projections. Inherent in our development of cash flow projections are assumptions and estimates derived from a review of our operating results, business plan forecasts, expected growth rates, and cost of capital, similar to those a market participant would use to assess fair value. We also make certain assumptions about future economic conditions and other data. Many of these factors used in assessing fair value are outside the control of management and these assumptions and estimates may change in future periods.
Impairment of Goodwill
We test goodwill for impairment annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an impairment may exist. We assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting date. For warrantsunit is less than its carrying amount. Factors that meet allindicate the fair value of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are recordeda reporting unit may be less than its carrying amount include industry and market considerations such as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. For warrants that do not meet all the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are recorded as a liability at their initial fair value, and then are remeasured for significant transactions and as of each balance sheet date thereafter. Changesdeterioration in the estimatedeconomic environment or a decline in market-dependent multiples or metrics, overall financial performance such as negative or declining cash flows or a decline in actual or planned revenue or earnings, increased cost factors that have a negative effect on earnings and cash flows, or a sustained decrease in share price. The process for evaluating potential impairment of goodwill is highly subjective and requires significant judgment. If factors indicate that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we
52


perform a quantitative assessment and the fair value of the reporting unit is estimated by using a combination of market approaches based on peer performance and discounted cash flow methodologies. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss equal to the excess is recorded.
Determining the fair value of a reporting unit is judgmental in nature and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions to evaluate the impact of operating and macroeconomic changes on each reporting unit. The fair value of each reporting unit is estimated using a combination of the income approach and the market valuation approach using publicly traded company multiples in similar businesses. This analysis requires significant judgments, including estimation of future cash flows, which is dependent on internally developed forecasts, estimation of the long-term rate of growth for our business, estimation of the useful life over which cash flows will occur, and determination of our weighted average cost of capital, which is risk-adjusted to reflect the specific risk profile of the reporting unit being tested.
Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Reserves
The liability for warrantslosses and loss adjustment expenses (“LAE”) is an estimate of the amounts required to cover known incurred losses and LAE and is developed through the review and assessment of loss reports, along with the analysis of known claims. These reserves include management’s estimate of the amounts for losses incurred but not reported (“IBNR”). IBNR is reviewed regularly using a variety of actuarial techniques. We update the reserve estimates as historical loss experience develops, additional claims are recognized as a non-cash gain reported and/or loss onsettled and new information becomes available. Any changes in estimates are reflected in operating results in the statement of operations for period in which the change occurred.estimates are changed. Although management believes that the balance of these reserves is adequate, such liabilities are necessarily dependent on estimates, the ultimate expense may be more or less than the amounts presented. The fair valueapproach and methods for developing these estimates and for recording the resulting liability are continually reviewed. Any adjustments to this reserve are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of the Private WarrantsOperations and Comprehensive Loss. Losses and LAE, less related reinsurance is estimated at period-end using a Black-Scholes valuation model. The use of the Black-Scholes model requires significant estimates including the determination of volatility. Our Public Warrants meet the criteria for equity classification and accordingly, are reportedcharged to expense as component of shareholders’ equity while our Private Warrants do not meet the criteria for equity classification and are thus classified as a liability.

incurred.

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Table of Contents

Results of Operations

Comparison of Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2020

Key Factors Affecting Operating Results
We have been implementing our strategy as a vertical software platform for the home by providing software and services to Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2019

The net lossapproximately 30 thousand pre-and-post move home service providers including inspectors, real estate, title, and mortgage companies. Our Insurance segment continues to grow in 2020 (as restated) of $54.0 million compared with the net loss in 2019 of $103.3 million was impacted by a large, one-time stock-based compensation charge of $33.2 million related to the Company’s CEO 2019 secondary stock sale transaction, 2019 losses on the remeasurement or extinguishment of debtscale through both premium growth and warrants that totaled $9.0 million, and a $5.0 million gain on a divestiture of a businesses in 2019.

geographic expansion. The following table sets forthkey factors affected our historical operating resultsresults.

The U.S. housing market continues to see impacts from higher interest rates, existing home inventory tightening, and affordability challenges, impacting the Vertical Software segment. Existing home sales have declined by 19% for the periods indicated, with fiscal year 2019 incorporating operating results of since-divested businesses:

Year ended

 

    

December 31, 

    

    

 

2020

(as restated)

    

2019

 

Change

 

Change

 

(dollar amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

Revenue

$

72,299

$

77,595

$

(5,296)

 

(7)

%

Operating expenses:

 

 

  

 

  

 

  

Cost of revenue

 

17,562

 

21,500

 

(3,938)

 

(18)

%

Selling and marketing

 

41,665

 

56,220

 

(14,555)

 

(26)

%

Product and technology

 

28,546

 

30,992

 

(2,446)

 

(8)

%

General and administrative

 

28,199

 

52,011

 

(23,812)

 

(46)

%

Loss (gain) on divestiture of business

 

(1,442)

 

4,994

 

(6,436)

 

(129)

%

Total operating expenses

 

114,530

 

165,717

 

(51,187)

 

(31)

%

Operating loss

 

(42,231)

 

(88,122)

 

45,891

 

(52)

%

Other expense:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Interest expense

 

(14,734)

 

(7,134)

 

(7,600)

 

107

%

Other expense, net

 

1,244

 

(7,967)

 

9,211

 

(116)

%

Total other expense, net

 

(13,490)

 

(15,101)

 

1,611

 

(11)

%

Loss before income taxes

 

(55,721)

 

(103,223)

 

47,502

 

(46)

%

Income tax (benefit) expense

 

(1,689)

 

96

 

NM

 

NM

Net loss

$

(54,032)

$

(103,319)

$

49,287

 

(48)

%

Induced conversion of preferred stock

(17,284)

NM

NM

Net loss attributable to common stockholders

$

(71,316)

$

(103,319)

$

32,003

(31)

%

Net loss attributable per share to common stockholders:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Basic

$

(1.96)

$

(3.31)

$

1.35

 

%

Diluted

$

(2.03)

$

(3.31)

$

1.29

 

%

Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss attributable per share to common stockholders:

 

  

 

  

 

  

 

  

Basic

 

36,344,234

 

31,170,351

 

5,173,882

 

17

%

Diluted

 

36,374,215

 

31,170,351

 

5,203,863

 

17

%

NM — percentage calculated is not meaningful.

Revenue

Total revenue decreased by $5.3 million, or 7% from $77.6 million in the year ended December 31, 20192023, compared to $72.3the prior year.

During 2023, we recognized a $55.2 million goodwill impairment in the Insurance segment, and a $2.0 million impairment of intangible assets for certain intangible assets within the Vertical Software segment.
In March 2023, we completed the acquisitions of the Florida and California operations of Residential Warranty Services (“RWS”). We had previously completed the acquisition of substantially all of the operations of RWS on April 1, 2022, other than the operations located in Florida and California which were delayed pending regulatory approval.
We continued our insurance strategic initiatives by not renewing certain higher risk policies. We are focused on improving overall underwriting performance by increasing premiums and claim deductibles where appropriate.
In February 2023, we successfully launched our Porch Warranty offering.
Our warranty business entered new partnerships with certain businesses where we utilize a co-branded journey to provide exclusive home service offerings to utility customers, including warranties.
We continue to develop software for customers, including the expansion of our suite of solutions for our Floify customers and partners. A new module version was rolled out within Rynoh, and a new version of report writer for inspectors was launched as part of the home inspection solution.
Our moving business launched a “Fixed Price” product which makes the moving journey simpler for moving companies and consumers.
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We have rolled out our app to all eligible Inspection Support Network (“ISN”) companies, with the recall check monitoring being popular with consumers.
We are now approved in 13 states to use our unique data to improve risk accuracy in pricing policies for our customers. This means we can charge a lower price for policies which are low-risk and more accurately price higher risk policies.
We are expanding our distribution channels by partnering with third-party insurance agencies and sharing commissions. We send them customer leads, enabling them to access Porch’s unique and valuable customer ecosystem to grow their businesses and enabling us to expand our insurance distribution capacity.

Consolidated Results of Operations
Year Ended December 31,
20232022$ Change% Change
(dollar amounts in thousands)
Revenue$430,302 $275,948 $154,354 56 %
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue220,243 107,577 112,666 105 %
Selling and marketing144,307 113,848 30,459 27 %
Product and technology58,502 59,565 (1,063)(2)%
General and administrative103,192 109,814 (6,622)(6)%
Provision for doubtful accounts37,180 805 36,375 4,519 %
Impairment loss on intangible assets and goodwill57,232 61,386 (4,154)(7)%
Total operating expenses620,656 452,995 167,661 37 %
Operating loss(190,354)(177,047)(13,307)%
Other income (expense):
Interest expense(31,828)(8,723)(23,105)265 %
Change in fair value of earnout liability44 13,822 (13,778)(100)%
Change in fair value of private warrant liability(444)14,486 (14,930)(103)%
Change in fair value of derivatives(4,261)— (4,261)N/A
Gain on extinguishment of debt81,354 — 81,354 N/A
Investment income and realized gains, net of investment expenses8,285 1,174 7,111 606 %
Other income, net3,893 571 3,322 582 %
Total other income57,043 21,330 35,713 167 %
Loss before income taxes(133,311)(155,717)22,406 (14)%
Income tax provision(622)(842)220 (26)%
Net loss$(133,933)$(156,559)$22,626 (14)%
Revenue
The overall 56% increase in revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020 (as restated). Revenue decreased by $17.7 million due to divested Porch businesses, offset by increase in revenue in 2020 (as restated) primarily driven by the growth in our moving services and insurance businesses, which contributed $13.8 million of the revenue increase in 2020 (as restated). As Porch has grown the number of companies that use our software and services, we have been able to grow our B2B2C (“Business to

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Business to Consumer”) and move related services revenues. This includes revenues related to moving, insurance, TV/Internet connections, and security.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue decreased by $3.9 million, or 18% from $21.5 million in2023, when compared with the year ended December 31, 20192022, was primarily driven by a 152%, or $184.2 million, increase in our Insurance segment as a result of increases in per-policy premiums and lower reinsurance ceding. This increase was partially offset by a 19%, or $29.8 million, decrease in revenue in our Vertical Software segment due to $17.6 milliona 19% reduction in year-over-year industry home sales which adversely affected our moving business, in particular.

Cost of revenue
The 105% increase in cost of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2020 (as restated). The decrease2023, when compared with the year ended December 31, 2022, was primarily a result of the strategic reduction in the cost of revenue was mostly attributablereinsurance ceding and increased insurance claims costs due to a $5.9 million of costs related to divested businesses, offset by growth in moving services.catastrophic weather events. As a percentage of revenue, cost of revenue represented 24%51% of revenue in 2020 (as restated)2023 compared to 28%with 39% in 2019.

2022.

54

Selling and marketing

Selling

The 27% increase in selling and marketing expenses decreased by $14.5 million, or 26% from $56.2 million infor the year ended December 31, 2019 to $41.7 million in2023, when compared with the year ended December 31, 2020 (as restated). The decrease is2022, was due to $6.8 millionhigher costs in the Insurance segment’s variable policy acquisition and marketing expenses related to divested businesses, $7.6 million mainly related to savings in third party data leads and marketing costs. The spend on data leads was optimized by focusing on the most productive lead sources that reduced overall spend and generated higher revenue.lower ceding percentages. As a percentage of revenue, selling and marketing expenses represented 58%34% of revenue in 2020 (as restated)the current year compared to 41% of revenue in the prior year.
General and administrative
The 6% decrease in general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2023, when compared with 73%the year ended December 31, 2022, was attributable to a concerted effort to lower professional fees and lower investment in 2019corporate resources 2023. As a percentage of revenue, general and administrative expenses represented 24% of revenue in 2023, compared with 40% in 2022.
Provision for doubtful accounts
In 2023, we charged to provision for doubtful accounts approximately $36.0 million of reinsurance balance due from a reinsurer as described in Note 14, Reinsurance, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this Annual Report.
Impairment loss on intangible assets and goodwill
In 2023, we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $55.2 million in our Insurance segment and a $2.0 million impairment charge on intangible assets in our Vertical Software segment. These impairments followed a sustained decrease in stock price, increased costs due to inflationary pressures, hardening of the reinsurance markets, volatile weather, and a deterioration of the macroeconomic environment in the housing and real estate and insurance industries. In 2022, we recorded impairment losses on intangible assets and goodwill totaling $61.4 million, which included a $43.7 million goodwill impairment in our Insurance segment and a $17.7 million intangible impairment in our Vertical Software segment. These impairment charges reflected inflationary pressures, our common stock value, and broad disruptions in the equity markets, specifically for technology and property and casualty insurance companies.
Interest expense
The 265% increase in interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2023, when compared the year ended December 31, 2022, was primarily due to issuance of $333.3 million of the 2028 Notes in April 2023. The 2028 Notes have a stated interest rate of 6.75%. We used a portion of the net proceeds to repurchase $200.0 million of the 2026 Notes, which had a state interest rate of 0.75%. This increased interest rate is the primary reason for the increased interest expense.
Change in fair value of earnout liability
In connection with the 2020 merger transaction described in Note 4, Fair Value, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this Annual Report, shares of restricted common shares were issued and subject to certain vesting conditions over the three-year period following the merger (the “earnout contingent consideration period”). The earnout contingent consideration period ended December 23, 2023, and the remaining liability of less than $0.1 million was subsequently written off. Changes in fair value of the earnout liability for the year ended December 31, 2022, were $13.8 million and were primarily due to the economiesdecrease in the stock price during the year.
Change in fair value of scale.

Productprivate warrant liability

The change in fair value of the private warrant liability was a loss of $0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, and technology

Producta gain of $14.5 million in the same period in 2022. The increase in the fair value of the liability was primarily due to the recovery in the stock price at December 31, 2023, as compared to December 31, 2022.

Change in fair value of derivatives
In connection with the issuance of the 2028 Notes in April 2023 and in accordance with GAAP, certain features of the notes were bifurcated and accounted for separately from the notes. These features are recorded as derivatives, and changes in their fair value are recognized in net loss each period. There were no corresponding derivatives in the prior year.
Gain on extinguishment of debt
In connection with the partial repurchase of the 2026 Notes, we recognized an $81.4 million gain on extinguishment of debt. See Note 7, Debt, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
55


Investment income and realized gains, net of investment expenses
Investment income and realized gains, net of investment expenses increased by $7.1 million from $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, to $8.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. Total investments balance as of December 31, 2023, was $139.2 million compared to $91.6 million as of December 31, 2022. A higher investment balance was the primary reason for the increase in investment income.
Other income, net
Other income, net, increased by $3.3 million from $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, to $3.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The increase is due to larger cash balances in higher yield accounts.
Refer to “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on March 16, 2023, for the comparison of the results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021.
Segment Results of Operations
We operate our business as two reportable segments that are also our operating segments: Vertical Software and Insurance. For additional information about our segments, see Note 17, Segment Information, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this Annual Report.
Segment Revenue
Year Ended December 31,
20232022$ Change% Change
Vertical Software segment
Software and service subscriptions$67,697 $72,777 $(5,080)(7)%
Move-related transactions40,350 62,317 (21,967)(35)%
Post-move transactions17,069 19,821 (2,752)(14)%
Total Vertical Software segment revenue125,116 154,915 (29,799)(19)%
Insurance segment
Insurance and warranty premiums, commissions and policy fees305,186 121,033 184,153 152 %
Total Insurance segment revenue305,186 121,033 184,153 152 %
Total revenue$430,302 $275,948 $154,354 56 %
For the year ended December 31, 2023, Vertical Software segment revenue was $125.1 million or 29% of total revenue for the same period. For the year ended December 31, 2022, Vertical Software segment revenue was $154.9 million or 56% of total revenue for the same period. The decrease in revenue was mainly driven by a 19% reduction in year-over-year industry home sales which adversely affected our moving business in particular.
Insurance segment revenue was $305.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, and represented 71% of total revenue for the same period. For the year ended December 31, 2022, Insurance segment revenue was $121.0 million or 44% of total revenue for the same period. The increase was mainly driven by increases in per-policy premiums and lower reinsurance ceding. As of December 31, 2023, we had 310 thousand Policies in Force, a 20% decrease compared to 389 thousand Policies in Force as of December 31, 2022. The decrease in the number of Policies in Force predominantly resulted from non-renewals of policies that are expected to be unprofitable. Ceded premiums were reduced during the current year, resulting in higher revenue.
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Loss)
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Loss) is defined as revenue less the following expenses associated with each segment: cost of revenue, selling and marketing, product and technology, general and administrative expenses, decreased by $2.5and provision for doubtful accounts. Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Loss) also excludes non-cash items or items that management does not consider reflective of ongoing core operations. See Note 17, Segment Information, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for reconciliations to GAAP consolidated financial information for the periods presented.
56


Year Ended December 31,
20232022
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Loss):
Vertical Software$4,307 $14,678 
Insurance12,320 (5,499)
Subtotal16,627 9,179 
Corporate and other(61,141)(58,780)
Adjusted EBITDA (Loss)$(44,514)$(49,601)
Our Insurance segment had a Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Loss) of $12.3 million or 8%for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to $(5.5) million in the same period last year. The improvement from $31the prior year was due to continued focus on profitability, including premium per policy increases, non-renewing higher risk policies, increasing deductibles, and introducing certain coverage exclusions for select risks. Ceded premiums were reduced during the current year, resulting in more favorable Adjusted EBITDA.
Our Vertical Software segment’s Adjusted EBITDA (Loss) was $4.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, which declined compared to prior year due to the soft housing market which prompted declines in the moving and corporate relocation industries, and inflationary pressures on fixed costs.
Corporate expenses were $61.1 million in the year ended December 31, 20192023, a $2.4 million increase from the prior year primarily due to $28.5 million inpersonnel expenses related to the year ended December 31, 2020 (as restated). The $2.7 million decrease is due to divested businesses of $3.1 million,2023. This increase was partially offset by growth in our moving group. As a percentage of revenue, product and technology expenses represented 39% of revenue in 2020 (as restated) compared with 40% in 2019.

General and administrative

General and administrativesuccessful cost reduction efforts related to professional fees. Corporate expenses decreased by $23.8 million, or 46% from $52 million into 14% of total revenue for the year ended December 31, 20192023, from 21% in 2022.

Refer to $28.2 millionItem 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the year2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K as filed with the SEC on March 16, 2023, for the comparison of the results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2020 (as restated). primarily due to a significantly higher stock-based compensation charge related to the 2019 secondary market transaction as indicated in the table below, offset by higher stock-based compensation related to employee awards in 2020 (as restated).

Stock-based compensation consists of expense related to (1) equity awards in the normal course of business operations2022 and (2) a secondary market transaction as described below (dollar amounts in thousands):

2021.

    

Year Ended

    

December 31, 

Year Ended

2020

December 31, 

(as restated)

2019

Secondary market transaction

$

1,616

$

33,232

Employee awards

 

9,680

 

2,740

Total stock-based compensation expenses

$

11,296

$

35,972

In May 2019, the Company’s CEO purchased a total of 16,091,277 legacy Porch.com shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock from a significant Porch stockholder at the time for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $4.0 million ($0.25 per legacy Porch.com share). The Company determined that the purchase price was below fair value of such shares and as result recorded compensation expense of approximately $33.2 million in general and administrative expense for the difference between the purchase price and fair value. This secondary stock transaction was a transaction negotiated by such significant Porch stockholder and the CEO, whereby the CEO transferred funds for the purchase to the selling shareholder and did not involve a grant of new shares by the Company to the CEO. Due to the unique circumstances, this stock-based compensation charge in 2019 attributable to the CEO purchasing stock from a shareholder is not expected to reoccur in future years.

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In July 2019, the Company’s CEO and Founder subsequently sold 901,940 shares of legacy Porch.com redeemable convertible preferred stock as an incentive to eleven executives of the Company at the same price at which the shares were initially acquired in the May 2019 transaction. The Company has the right to repurchase such shares if certain service vesting conditions and performance conditions are not met. In December 2020, the performance vesting conditions were met, and compensation expense of $1.6 million was recorded in 2020 related to these awards. The remaining stock compensation related to the award will be recognized over the remaining service period.

Loss on divestiture of businesses

In each of 2020 and 2019, the Company divested a business tied to the Company’s early Direct to Consumer (“D2C”) marketplace strategy. The Company recorded a gain on divestiture of $1.4 million in 2020, and a loss on divestiture of $5.0 million in 2019.

Interest expense, net

Interest expense increased by $7.6 million, or 107% from $7.1 million in the year ended December 31, 2019 to $14.7 million in the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase was primarily due to higher average interest-bearing debt outstanding throughout 2020 compared to 2019. Over the course of the year, the Company borrowed more than $67 million of high-interest bearing debt which was mostly paid off upon the Merger, which resulted in higher interest payments and write offs of the related debt issuance costs.

Other income (expense), net

Other income (expense) was a $1.2 million of income, net in the year ended December 31, 2020 (as restated) compared to $8.0 million of expense, net in the year ended December 31, 2019. Gains on the remeasurement and extinguishment of debt and warrants totaled $5.0 million in 2020 (as restated), while in 2019, the Company recorded a combined $9.0 million loss on the remeasurement and extinguishment of debt and warrants.

Income tax expense (benefit)

The income tax benefit of $1.7 million in 2020 (as restated) was due to the partial release of the Company's valuation allowance as a result of deferred tax liabilities from acquisitions. The income tax expense was not material in 2019. The Company continues to recognize a full valuation allowance against substantially all of its net deferred tax assets.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In addition to our results determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we believe that

This Annual Report includes non-GAAP financial measures, such as Adjusted EBITDA as defined below, a non-GAAP measure is useful in evaluating our operational performance distinct(Loss) and apart from financing costs, certain non-cash expenses and non-operational expenses. We use this non-GAAP financial information to evaluate our ongoing operations and for internal planning, budgeting and forecasting purposes and for setting management bonus programs. We believe that non-GAAP financial information, when taken collectively, may be helpful to investors in assessing our operating performance and comparing our performance with competitors and other comparable companies. This non-GAAP measure should be considered in addition to results prepared in accordance with GAAP, but should not be considered a substitute for or superior to GAAP. We endeavor to compensate for the limitation of the non-GAAP measure presented by also providing the most directly comparable GAAP measure, which is net loss, and a description of the reconciling items and adjustments to derive the non-GAAP measure.

Adjusted EBITDA is defined(Loss) as a percent of revenue.

We define Adjusted EBITDA (Loss) as net lossincome (loss) adjusted for interest expense; income taxes; totaldepreciation and amortization; gain or loss on extinguishment of debt; other expenses,expense (income), net; asset impairment charges;impairments of intangible assets and goodwill; provision for doubtful accounts related to reinsurance, or related recoveries; impairments of property, equipment, and software; stock-based compensation expense; acquisition-related impacts, including compensation to the sellers that requires future service, amortization of intangible assets,mark-to-market gains (losses)or losses recognized on changes in the value of contingent consideration arrangements, if any, gain or loss on divesturesearnouts, warrants, and certainderivatives; restructuring costs; acquisition and other transaction costs.

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costs; and non-cash bonus expense. Adjusted EBITDA is intended(Loss) as a percent of revenue is defined as Adjusted EBITDA (Loss) divided by total revenue.

Our management uses these non-GAAP financial measures as supplemental measuremeasures of our operating and financial performance, that is neither required by, nor presented in accordance with, GAAP.for internal budgeting and forecasting purposes, to evaluate financial and strategic planning matters, and to establish certain performance goals for incentive programs. We believe that the use of Adjusted EBITDAthese non-GAAP financial measures provides an additional tool for investors with useful information to use in evaluating ongoingevaluate our operating resultsand financial performance and trends and in comparing the Company’sour financial measuresresults with thosecompetitors, other similar companies and companies across different industries, many of comparable companies, which may present similar non-GAAP financial measures to investors. However, you shouldour definitions and methodology in calculating these non-GAAP measures may not be aware that when evaluating Adjusted EBITDA,comparable to those used by other companies. In addition, we may modify the presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures in the future, and any such modification may be material.
You should not consider these non-GAAP financial measures in isolation, as a substitute to or superior to financial performance measures determined in accordance with GAAP. The principal limitation of these non-GAAP financial measures is that they exclude specified income and expenses, some of which may be significant or material, that are required by GAAP to be recorded in our consolidated financial statements. We may also incur future income or expenses similar to those excluded when calculatingfrom these measures. In addition, ournon-GAAP financial measures, and the presentation of these measures should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Our computationIn addition, these non-GAAP financial measures reflect the exercise of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures computed by other companies, because all companies may not calculate Adjusted EBITDAmanagement judgment about which income and expense are included or excluded in the same fashion.

Becausedetermining these non-GAAP financial measures.

57


The following table reconciles net loss to Adjusted EBITDA (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2020, and 2019, respectivelyperiods presented (dollar amounts in thousands):

2020

    

(as restated)

    

2019

Net loss

$

(54,032)

$

(103,319)

Interest expense

 

14,734

 

7,134

Income tax (benefit) expense

 

(1,689)

 

96

Depreciation and amortization

 

6,644

 

7,377

Other expense, net(1)

 

(1,244)

 

7,967

Non-cash long-lived asset impairment charge

 

611

 

1,534

Non-cash stock-based compensation

 

10,994

 

34,854

Revaluation of contingent consideration

 

1,700

 

(300)

Acquisition and related (income) expense(2)

 

613

 

7,821

SPAC transaction bonus

3,350

Adjusted EBITDA (loss)

$

(18,319)

$

(36,836)

Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of revenue

(25)

%

(47)

%

(1)Other expense, net includes:

    

2020

    

(as restated)

2019

Gain on remeasurement of private warrant liability

$

(2,427)

$

Loss on remeasurement of Legacy Porch warrants

2,584

 

2,090

Transaction costs - recapitalization

3,974

Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt, net

 

(5,748)

 

483

Loss on remeasurement of debt

895

6,159

Gain on settlement of accounts payable

 

(796)

(735)

Other, net

 

274

 

(30)

$

(1,244)

$

7,967

(2)Acquisition and related expense, net includes:
.
Year Ended December 31,
20232022
Net loss$(133,933)$(156,559)
Interest expense31,8288,723
Income tax provision622842
Depreciation and amortization24,41527,930
Gain on extinguishment of debt(81,354)
Other income, net(3,893)(571)
Impairment loss on intangible assets and goodwill57,23261,386
Loss on reinsurance contract (1)
36,042
Impairment loss on property, equipment, and software254637
Stock-based compensation expense20,70927,041
Mark-to-market gains(1,003)(21,364)
Restructuring costs (2)
4,015647
Acquisition and other transaction costs5521,687
Adjusted EBITDA (Loss)$(44,514)$(49,601)
Adjusted EBITDA (Loss) as a percentage of revenue(10)%(18)%

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(1)See Note 14, Reinsurance, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this Annual Report.
(2)Primarily consists of costs related to forming a reciprocal exchange.

Table of Contents

2020

(as restated)

2019

Acquisition compensation – cash

$

14

$

1,305

Acquisition compensation – stock

302

1,117

Bank fees

15

Bonus expense

89

89

Loss (gain) on divestiture

(1,442)

4,994

Professional fees – accounting

303

67

Professional fees – legal

1,301

234

Transaction expenses

46

$

613

$

7,821

Adjusted EBITDA loss(Loss) for the year ended December 31, 2020 (as restated)2023, was $18.3$(44.5) million, a $18.5$5.1 million or 101% decreaseimprovement from Adjusted EBITDA loss(Loss) of $36.8$(49.6) million for the year ended December 31, 2019.Thesame period in 2022. The improvement in Adjusted EBITDA from 2019 to 2020(Loss) in 2023 is primarily driven by profitability improvements at our insurance business, including premium increases implemented over the last year, as well as cost reductions across the business. The improvement was due to cost savings initiativespartially offset by the effects of extreme weather events and implementationhigher reinsurance costs in our insurance business, and the macro housing environment affecting primarily the moving business in our Vertical Software segment. Continued investments in sales and marketing and investments in establishing and maintaining the requirements of a partial employee furloughthe Sarbanes-Oxley Act (“SOX”) and payroll reduction in exchange for RSUs.

other internal controls across IT and accounting organizations further impacted Adjusted EBITDA (Loss).


Liquidity and Capital Resources

Since inception,

In our early years, we raised capital primarily through equity investments. As a publicly traded company, we have financedrelied on convertible debt as our operations primarily from the salesprimary source of redeemable convertible preferred stock and convertible promissory notes, and proceeds from senior secured loans. On December 23, 2020, the Company received approximately $269.5 million of aggregate cash proceeds from recapitalization, net of transactions costs.capital. As of December 31, 2020,2023, and 2022, we had $558.7 million and $451.1 million, respectively, of aggregate principal amount outstanding in convertible notes, promissory notes, line of credit, term loan facility, and advance funding arrangement.
2026 Convertible Senior Notes
In September 2021, we completed a private offering of $425.0 million aggregate principal amount of 0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due on September 15, 2026. As of December 31, 2023, outstanding principal was $225.0 million. These 2026 Notes are not redeemable at our option prior to September 20, 2024. We may redeem for cash all or any portion of the Company2026 Notes, at our option, on or after September 20, 2024, if the last reported sale price of the common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide a notice of redemption, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2026 Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. No sinking fund is provided for the 2026 Notes. The 2026 Notes are convertible at an initial conversion rate of 39.9956 shares of common stock per one thousand dollars principal amount of 2026 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $25.00 per share of common stock (the “Conversion Rate”). The Conversion Rate is
58


subject to customary adjustments for certain events as described in the indenture governing the 2026 Notes. We may settle the conversion option obligation with cash, shares of our common stock, or any combination of cash and shares of our common stock. Holders of the 2026 Notes may convert the 2026 Notes at their option (in whole or in part) on or after June 15, 2026, until the close of business on the second trading day immediately preceding the maturity date of September 15, 2026. In addition, holders of the 2026 Notes may convert the 2026 Notes at their option (in whole or in part) at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding June 15, 2026, only under certain circumstances described in Note 7, Debt, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this Annual Report.
2028 Convertible Senior Notes
In April 2023, we issued $333.3 million of 6.75% Senior Secured Convertible Notes due in 2028 in a private placement transaction. We used a portion of the net proceeds from these 2028 Notes to repurchase $200.0 million of the 2026 Notes and to fund the repayment of the term loan facility, in each case plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon and related fees and expenses. In connection with the partial repurchase of the 2026 Notes, we recognized an $81.4 million gain on extinguishment of debt, calculated as the difference between the reacquisition price and the net carrying amount of the portion of the 2026 Notes that was extinguished. The 2028 Notes are convertible into cash, shares of common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of common stock at our election at an initial conversion rate of 39.9956 shares of common stock per one thousand dollars principal amount of the 2028 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $25.00 per share.
The 2028 Notes will mature on October 1, 2028, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding July 1, 2028, the 2028 Notes will be convertible at the option of the holders only upon the satisfaction of certain conditions and during certain periods. Thereafter, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, the 2028 Notes will be convertible at the option of the holders at any time regardless of these conditions. Additionally, if more than $30.0 million aggregate principal amount of 2026 Notes remain outstanding on June 14, 2026, the holders of the 2028 Notes have the right to require us to repurchase for cash on June 15, 2026, all or any portion of the 2028 Notes, in principal amounts of $1,000 or an integral multiple thereof, at a repurchase price equal to 106.5% of the principal amount of the 2028 Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the repurchase date.
Advance Funding Arrangement
During 2023 and 2022, we participated in an advance funding arrangement with third-party financers that provide us with contract premiums upfront for certain home warranty contracts. We remain obligated to repay these premiums to the third-party financer if a customer cancels its warranty contract prior to full repayment of the advance funding amount received by us. As of December 31, 2023, the principal balance outstanding under this advance funding arrangement was $0.1 million.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
As of December 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $196$258.4 million and $11.4$38.8 million of restricted cash. Restricted cash representing the minimumand cash balanceequivalents as of $3.0December 31, 2023, includes $28.3 million requiredheld by our senior secured lenderscaptive reinsurance business as collateral for the benefit of Homeowners of America Insurance Company (“HOA”), $1.3 million held in certificates of deposit and $8.4money market mutual funds pledged to the Department of Insurance in certain states as a condition of our Certificate of Authority for the purpose of meeting obligations to policyholders and creditors, $7.3 million in funds held for the payment of loan proceedspossible warranty claims as required under regulatory guidelines in 19 states, and $1.9 million related to the Paycheck Protection Program Loan.

acquisition indemnifications.

The Company hasOperations and Other Resources
We have incurred losses since itsour inception, and haswe have an accumulated deficit at December 31, 2020 (as restated)2023 and2022, totaling $722.1 million and $585.0 million, respectively.
Based on our current operating and growth plan, management believes cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2019 totaling $317.5 million2023, are sufficient to finance our operations, planned capital expenditures, working capital requirements and $263.5 million, respectively.debt service obligations for at least the next 12 months. As our operations evolve and continue our growth strategy, including through acquisitions, we may elect or need to obtain alternative sources of capital, and we may finance additional liquidity needs in the future through one or more equity or debt financings. We may not be able to obtain equity or additional debt financing in the future when needed or, if available, the terms may not be satisfactory to us or could be dilutive to its stockholders.
Porch Group, Inc. is a holding company that transacts a majority of its business through operating subsidiaries, including insurance subsidiaries. Consequently, our ability to pay dividends and expenses is largely dependent on dividends or other
59


distributions from our subsidiaries. Our insurance company subsidiaries are highly regulated and are restricted by statute as to the amount of dividends they may pay without the prior approval of their respective regulatory authorities. As of December 31, 2020,2023, our insurance carrier, HOA, held cash and December 31, 2019 the Company had $50.8cash equivalents of $207.6 million and $65.7 million aggregate principal amount outstanding on term loans and promissory notes, respectively. During 2020, the Company refinanced the existing $40.0 million term loans and received additional loan proceedsinvestments of $7.0 million from new senior secured term loans and $8.3 million from the U.S. government pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program under the CARES Act. In August and October 2020, the Company received a total of $10.0 million in loan proceeds from a convertible loan agreement, which was repaid along with other subordinated notes payable in connection with the Merger. The Company has used debt proceeds principally to fund general operations and acquisitions.In 2020, the Company invested $7.8 million (net of cash acquired) to acquire four$102.8 million.
Insurance companies in the United States are also required by state law to maintain a transaction accounted for asminimum level of policyholder’s surplus. Insurance regulators in the states in which we operate have a business combination.

The following table provides a summaryrisk-based capital standard designed to identify property and casualty insurers that may be inadequately capitalized based on inherent risks of cash flow data for the year ended December 31, 2020insurer’s assets and the year ended December 31, 2019:

Year ended

 

    

December 31, 

    

    

 

2020

    

2019

 

Change

 

Change

 

(dollar amounts in thousands)

Net cash used in operating activities

$

(48,669)

$

(29,335)

$

(19,334)

 

66

%

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(10,671)

 

(5,208)

 

(5,463)

 

105

%

Net cash provided by financing activities

 

259,614

 

34,486

 

225,128

 

653

%

Change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

$

200,274

$

(57)

$

200,331

 

NM

NM — percentage calculated is not meaningful.

62

Table of Contents

2020

Net cash used in operating activities was $48.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Net cash used in operating activities consistsliabilities and its mix of net losswritten premium. Insurers falling below a calculated threshold may be subject to varying degrees of $54.0 million, adjusted for non-cash items andregulatory action. We are currently assessing the effect of changes in working capital. Non-cash adjustments include stock-based compensation expense (as restated) of $11.3 million, depreciation and amortization of $6.6 million, fair value adjustments to debt, contingent consideration and warrants of $0.6 million, non-cash accrued and payment-in-kind interest of $7.5 million and gain from the sale of assets or divestiture of businesses of $1.4 million. Net cash used in operating activities in 2020 of $48.7 million compared with $29.3 million in 2019 was an increase of $19.3 million, which was significantly impacted by the change in accrued expenses and other current liabilities in each year.  During 2019, the Company in order to conserve cash allowed accrued expenses and other current liabilities to increase by $7.7 million.  After the completionimpact on capital requirements of the Merger,terminated reinsurance contract discussed in December 2020, the Company paid down $15.9“Recent Developments” section above. We recovered $47.6 million cash collateral in 2023 and are in the process of accrued expenses and other current liabilitiespursuing additional collateral. HOA has secured supplemental reinsurance coverage in order to reduce obligations to vendors and suppliers. The combined impact between years resulted in year-over-year change in net cash used cashthe amount of $23.6approximately $146.3 million, attributable to the change in accrued expenses and other current liabilities.

Net cash used in investing activities was $10.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Net cash used in investing activities is primarily related to investments to develop internal use software of $2.6 million, acquisitions, net of cash acquired of $7.8 million and purchases of property and equipment of $0.3 million.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $259.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. Net cash provided by financing activities is primarily related to proceeds from the recapitalization of $269.5 million, debt financing of $66.2, net of loan repayments of $81.6 million, and redeemable convertible preferred stock financing of $4.7 million.

2019

Net cash used in operating activities was $29.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Net cash used in operating activities consists of net loss of $103.3 million, adjusted for non-cash items and the effect of changes in working capital. Non-cash adjustments include stock-based compensation expense of $36.0 million, depreciation and amortization of $7.4 million, fair value adjustments to debt, contingent consideration and warrants of $8.7 million, non-cash accrued and payment-in-kind interest of $2.4 million and loss from the sale of assets or divestiture of businesses of $5.0 million. Net changes in working capital provided cash of $13.2 million, primarily due to increases in current liabilities.

Net cash used in investing activities was $5.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Net cash used in investing activities is primarily related to investments to develop internal use software of $4.1 million, divestitures of $0.8 million and purchases of property and equipment of $0.5 million.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $34.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. Net cash provided by financing activities is primarily related to debt financing of $31.1 million, net of loan repayments of $0.2 million, and redeemable convertible preferred stock financing of $3.3 million.

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Table of Contents

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations and other commitments as of December 31, 2020,2023, replacing nearly all of the reinsurance coverage for certain catastrophic weather events that was in place under the terminated reinsurance contract. So far in 2024, we have purchased an additional $30 million of aggregate severe convection storm coverage, which includes hail.

We may, at any time and the yearsfrom time to time, seek to retire or purchase our outstanding debt or equity through cash purchases and/or exchanges for equity or debt, in which these obligations are due:

    

    

Less than 

    

    

    

More than 

Total

1 Year

1 – 3 Years

3 – 5 Years

5 Years

Debt principal

$

50,831

$

4,799

$

45,882

$

150

$

Interest

 

9,350

 

3,646

 

5,704

 

 

Operating leases

 

2,469

 

1,333

 

1,136

 

 

Capital leases

 

 

 

 

 

Purchase commitments

 

10,770

 

3,742

 

7,028

 

 

Total

$

73,420

$

13,520

$

59,750

$

150

$

Purchase commitments include non-cancellable purchase commitments primarily for data purchases.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

open-market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will be upon such terms and at such prices as we may determine, and will depend on prevailing market conditions, liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

Since the date of our incorporation, we have not engaged in any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in the rules and regulations of the SEC.

Emerging Growth Company Status

The Company is an emerging growth company, as defined infollowing table provides a summary of cash flow data for the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies. The Company has elected to use this extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for publicyears ended December 31, 2023 and private companies until the earlier of the date that it (i) is no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opts out of the extended transition period2022.

Year Ended December 31,
20232022$ Change% Change
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$33,929 $(17,736)$51,665 (291)%
Net cash used in investing activities(56,253)(79,678)23,425 (29)%
Net cash provided by financing activities90,951 1,227 89,724 7,312 %
Change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$68,627 $(96,187)$164,814 (171)%
Operating Cash Flows
Net cash provided in the JOBS Act. As a result, these consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with the new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates. The Company expects to use the extended transition period for any other new or revised accounting standards during the period in which it remains an emerging growth company.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1A to our 2020 consolidated financial statements as of andby operating activities was $33.9 million for the year ended December 31, 20202023. Net cash provided by operating activities consists of net loss of $133.9 million, adjusted for non-cash items and the effect of changes in working capital. Non-cash charges primarily include stock-based compensation expense of $20.7 million, depreciation and amortization of $24.4 million, provision for doubtful accounts of $37.2 million, and impairment losses of $57.2 million. These non-cash charges were partially offset by a non-cash gain on extinguishment of debt of $81.4 million. Net changes in working capital provided $88.9 million, primarily due to decreases in insurance-related receivables. Reinsurance balance due decreased as a result of shifting reinsurance coverage from third-parties to our own captive reinsurer whose financial information is included in the Consolidated Financial Statements. The change in reinsurance balance due includes cash proceeds in the amount of approximately $47.6 million liquid collateral received from a reinsurance trust as described in the “Recent Developments” section.

Net cash used in operating activities was $17.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. Net cash used in operating activities consists of net loss of $156.6 million, adjusted for non-cash items and the effect of changes in working capital. Non-cash adjustments primarily include impairment loss on intangible assets and goodwill of $61.4 million, stock-based compensation expense of $27.0 million, depreciation and amortization of $27.9 million, non-cash interest expense of $2.3 million, fair value adjustments to contingent consideration of $6.9 million (loss), and fair value adjustments to earnout liability and private warrant liability of $13.8 million (gain) and $14.5 million (gain), respectively. Net changes in working capital provided $37.2 million, primarily due to increases in insurance-related liabilities and deferred revenue.
Investing Cash Flows
Net cash used in investing activities was $56.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. Net cash used in investing activities is primarily related to purchases of investments of $91.0 million and investments to develop internal use software of $9.2 million. This was partly offset by the cash inflows related to maturities and sales of investments of $46.8 million.
60


Net cash used in investing activities was $79.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. Net cash used in investing activities is primarily related to acquisitions, net of cash acquired of $38.6 million, purchases of investments of $52.5 million, investments to develop internal use software of $8.1 million purchases of property and equipment of $2.4 million. This was partly offset by the cash inflows related to maturities and sales of investments of $21.9 million.
Financing Cash Flows
Net cash provided by financing activities was $91.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. Net cash provided by financing activities is primarily related to the net proceeds from issuance of the 2028 Notes of $116.7 million. This was partially offset by repayment of the principal balance on the term loan facility and advanced funding arrangement of $10.2 million and $4.1 million, respectively, and repurchase of stock of $5.6 million.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. Net cash provided by financing activities is primarily related to proceeds from advance funding and debt issuance, net of fees, of $33.6 million. This was partially offset by shares repurchased to pay income tax withholdings upon vesting of equity awards of $3.1 million, repurchases of stock of $1.8 million, and advance funding and debt repayments of $22.7 million and $5.2 million, respectively.

Contractual Obligations and Commitments
In addition to debt service payments, our principal commitments consist of obligations under leases for office space. For more information regarding our lease obligations, see Note 13, Leases, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this Annual Report. In addition, we have a substantial level of debt. For more information regarding our debt service obligations, see Note 7, Debt, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. We also have certain non-cancellable purchase commitments primarily for data purchases. As of December 31, 2023, our other contractual commitments associated with agreements that are enforceable and legally binding and that specify all significant terms were payments of $4.4 million due in the next 12 months and $5.2 million due thereafter. For more information regarding our purchase commitments, see Note 16, Commitments and Contingencies, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this Annual Report. We expect to fund these obligations with cash flows from operations and cash on our balance sheet.
We have made and expect to continue to make additional investments in our infrastructure to scale our operations and increase productivity. We plan to enhance the consumer experience, our app and digital platform and integration of data platform across Porch, to invest in development of additional modules across all vertical software businesses and to enhance our corporate systems.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Note 1, Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this Annual Report, for more information about recent accounting pronouncements, the timing of their adoption, and our assessment, to the extent we have made one, of their potential impact on our financial condition and our results of operations.


61


Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to a variety of market and other risks, including the effects of changes in interest rates, and inflation, as well as risks to the availability of funding sources, hazard events, and specific asset risks.

Interest Rate Risk

The market risk inherent in our financial instruments and our financial position represents the potential loss arising from adverse changes in interest rates. As of December 31, 2020,2023, and December 31, 2019,2022, we have interest bearinghad interest-bearing debt of $50.8$558.7 million and $65.7 million.$451.1 million, respectively. Our senior secured term loans0.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026 (the “2026 Notes”) had a principal balance of $225.0 million as of December 31, 2020 are variable rate loans that accrue interest at2023, a variablefixed coupon rate of interest based on the greater of i) the highest prime rate plus 5%0.75%, and ii) the highest three-month LIBOR rate plus 2.5%. The loan also includesan effective interest paid in-kind (“PIK Interest”) at a per annum rate of (A) from the period beginning April 2, 2020 through May 15, 2020, 2.00% and (B) at all times thereafter 1%1.3%. AsOur 6.75% Senior Secured Convertible Notes due 2028 (the “2028 Notes”) had a principal balance of $333.3 million as of December 31, 2020, the calculated2023, a fixed coupon rate of 6.75%, and an effective interest rate of 17.9%. Interest expense recognized related to the 2028 Notes was approximately $26.3 million in the year ended December 31, 2023. Interest expense includes $15.7 million contractual interest expense and $10.6 million amortization of debt issuance costs and discount for the year ended December 31, 2023. Because the coupon rates are fixed, interest expense on the 2026 Notes and the 2028 Notes will not change if market interest rates increase. Other debt as of December 31, 2023, totaled $0.3 million and is 11.05%.

variable-rate. A one percent (1%)1% increase in interest rates in our variable rate indebtedness would result in approximately $0.5 milliona nominal change in additional annual interest expense.

64

TableAs of Contents

Inflation Risk

Porch does not believe that inflation has had, or currentlyDecember 31, 2023, our insurance segment has a $139.2 million portfolio of fixed income securities and an unrealized gain (loss) of $(3.9) million, as described in Note 3, Investments, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this Annual Report. In a rising interest rate environment, the portfolio would result in unrealized losses.

As of December 31, 2023, accounts receivable and reinsurance balances due were $24.3 million and $83.6 million, respectively, were not interest-bearing assets, and are generally collected in less than 180 days. As such, we do not consider these assets to have material interest rate risk.

Inflation Risk
We believe our operations have been negatively affected by inflation and the change in the interest rate environment. General economic factors beyond our control and changes in the global economic environment, specifically fluctuations in inflation, including access to credit under favorable terms, could result in lower revenues, higher costs, and decreased margins and earnings in the foreseeable future. While we take action wherever possible to reduce the impact of the effects of inflation, in the case of sustained inflation across several of the markets in which we operate, it could become increasingly difficult to effectively mitigate the increases to costs. In addition, the effects of inflation on consumers’ budgets could result in the reduction of consumer spending habits, specifically in the move and post-move markets. If unable to take actions to effectively mitigate the effect on its business.

of the resulting higher costs, our profitability and financial position could be materially and adversely impacted.


Foreign Currency Risk

There was no material foreign currency risk for the years ended December 31, 20202023, 2022 and 2019. Porch’s2021. Our activities to date have been limited and were conducted in the United States.


Other Risks

We are exposed to a variety of market and other risks, including risks to the availability of funding sources, reinsurance providers, weather and other catastrophic hazard events, and specific asset risks.

65

62


Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data


Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page

Page

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 248)

67

Consolidated Financial Statements:

68

69

70

71

74

66



63


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Stockholders and the


Board of Directors of and Stockholders
Porch Group, Inc.


Opinion on the Financial Statements

financial statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheetssheet of Porch Group, Inc.Inc, (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries (the Company)“Company”) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019,2023, the related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity (deficit), and consolidated statement of cash flows for the years thenyear ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes(collectively (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial“financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company atas of December 31, 2020 and 2019,2023, and the results of itsoperations and itscash flows for the years thenyear ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with U.S.accounting principles generally accepted accounting principles.

Restatementin the United States of 2020 Financial Statements

As discussedAmerica.

We also have audited, in Note 1 toaccordance with the consolidatedstandards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company’s internal control over financial statements,reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in the 2020 consolidated financial statements have been restated to correct a misstatement.

2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”), and our report dated March 15, 2024 expressed an unqualified opinion.

Basis for Opinion

opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB)PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audit included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical audit matter
The critical audit matter

communicated below is amatterarising from the current period audit of the financial statements that wascommunicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matterbelow, providing a separate opinionon the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which itrelates.

Goodwill impairment evaluation for the Insurance and Vertical Software reporting units
As described further in notes 1 and 6 to the financial statements, goodwill is tested at least annually for impairment, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate the fair value of a reporting unit is below its carrying value. During 2023, the Company performed an interim impairment analysis as of June 30, 2023 and recognized a $55.2 million goodwill impairment for its insurance reporting unit in addition to performing its annual impairment evaluation as of October 1, 2023.
The principal considerations for our determination that the goodwill impairment evaluation for the Insurance and Vertical Software reporting units is a critical audit matter are because the estimation of fair value of the reporting units involves subjective management assumptions, specifically the estimates of future revenues and the discount rate. Each were considered subjective as they represented estimates of future performance.
Our audit procedures related to the goodwill impairment evaluation for the Insurance and Vertical Software reporting unitsincluded the following, among others.
We tested the design and operating effectiveness of relevant controls relating to management’s preparation and review of the estimates of future revenues and the discount rate applied, and review of the methodologies applied by third-party valuation specialists engaged by the Company.
We evaluated the reasonableness of forecasted revenues used in the discounted future cash flows. This was done by comparing them to historical results, comparing prior periods’ forecasted amounts to respective actual results, and comparing the significant assumptions to current industry, market and economic trends.

With the assistance of a valuation specialist, we evaluated the reasonableness of the discount rate and the appropriateness of the methodologies used by the Company for both the Insurance and Vertical Software reporting units.
64


We evaluated the qualifications of the third-party valuation specialists engaged by the Company based on their credentials and experience.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2023.

Bellevue, Washington
March 15, 2024
65


REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Porch Group, Inc.

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Porch Group, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, stockholders' equity (deficit) and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.


/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

We have served as the Company’sCompany's auditor since 2015.

from 2015 to 2023.

Seattle, Washington

March 31, 2021,

except for Note 1, as to which the date is

May 19, 2021

16, 2023

67


66


PORCH GROUP, INC.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
December 31,
20232022
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents$258,418 $215,060 
Accounts receivable, net24,288 26,438 
Short-term investments35,588 36,523 
Reinsurance balance due83,582 299,060 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets13,214 11,293 
Deferred policy acquisition costs27,174 8,716 
Restricted cash and cash equivalents38,814 13,545 
Total current assets481,078 610,635 
Property, equipment, and software, net16,861 12,240 
Goodwill191,907 244,697 
Long-term investments103,588 55,118 
Intangible assets, net87,216 108,255 
Long-term insurance commissions receivable13,429 12,265 
Other assets5,314 5,847 
Total assets$899,393 $1,049,057 
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
Current liabilities
Accounts payable$8,761 $6,268 
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities59,396 39,742 
Deferred revenue248,683 270,690 
Refundable customer deposits17,980 20,142 
Current debt244 16,455 
Losses and loss adjustment expense reserves95,503 100,632 
Other insurance liabilities, current31,585 61,710 
Total current liabilities462,152 515,639 
Long-term debt435,495 425,310 
Other liabilities37,429 28,755 
Total liabilities935,076 969,704 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 16)
Stockholders’ equity (deficit)
Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share:10 10 
Authorized shares – 400 million and 400 million, at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively
Issued and outstanding shares – 97.1 million and 98.5 million, at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively
Additional paid-in capital690,223 670,537 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(3,860)(6,171)
Accumulated deficit(722,056)(585,023)
Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)(35,683)79,353 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (deficit)$899,393 $1,049,057 

Porch Group,Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
December31, 2020 and 2019
(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts)

2020

(as restated)

    

2019

Assets

  

 

  

Current assets

  

 

  

Cash and cash equivalents

$

196,046

$

4,179

Accounts receivable, net

 

4,268

 

4,710

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

4,080

 

1,285

Restricted cash

11,407

Total current assets

 

215,801

 

10,174

Property, equipment, and software, net

 

4,593

 

6,658

Goodwill

 

28,289

 

18,274

Intangible assets, net

 

15,961

 

9,832

Restricted cash, non-current

 

 

3,000

Long-term insurance commissions receivable

3,365

Other assets

 

378

 

530

Total assets

$

268,387

$

48,468

 

  

 

  

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)

 

  

 

  

Current liabilities

 

  

 

  

Accounts payable

$

9,203

$

4,806

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

 

9,905

 

17,071

Accrued acquisition compensation

 

 

8,624

Deferred revenue

 

5,208

 

3,333

Refundable customer deposit

 

2,664

 

3,167

Current portion of long-term debt (includes $0 and $11,659 at fair value, respectively)

 

4,746

 

20,461

Total current liabilities

 

31,726

 

57,462

Long-term debt

 

43,237

 

40,659

Refundable customer deposit, non-current

 

529

 

3,107

Earnout liability, at fair value

50,238

Private warrant liability, at fair value

31,534

Other liabilities (includes $3,549 and $6,784 at fair value, respectively)

 

3,798

 

7,219

Total liabilities

 

161,062

 

108,447

Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)

 

  

 

  

Stockholders’ equity (deficit)

 

  

 

  

Common stock, $0.0001 par value:

 

8

 

3

Authorized shares – 400,000,000 and 52,575,160

 

  

 

  

Issued and outstanding shares – 81,669,151 and 34,197,822

Additional paid-in capital

 

424,823

 

203,492

Accumulated deficit

 

(317,506)

 

(263,474)

Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)

 

107,325

 

(59,979)

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (deficit)

$

268,387

$

48,468

The accompanying notesNotes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these financial statements.

68



67

Porch Group,Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Years Ended December31, 2020 and 2019
(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts)

2020

(as restated)

    

2019

Revenue

$

72,299

$

77,595

Operating expenses(1):

 

  

 

  

Cost of revenue

 

17,562

 

21,500

Selling and marketing

 

41,665

 

56,220

Product and technology

 

28,546

 

30,992

General and administrative

 

28,199

 

52,011

(Gain) loss on divestiture of businesses

 

(1,442)

 

4,994

Total operating expenses

 

114,530

 

165,717

Operating loss

 

(42,231)

 

(88,122)

Other income (expense):

 

  

 

  

Interest expense

 

(14,734)

 

(7,134)

Other income (expense), net

 

1,244

 

(7,967)

Total other income (expense)

 

(13,490)

 

(15,101)

Loss before income taxes

 

(55,721)

 

(103,223)

Income tax (benefit) expense

 

(1,689)

 

96

Net loss

$

(54,032)

$

(103,319)

Induced conversion of preferred stock

(17,284)

Net loss attributable to common stockholders

$

(71,316)

$

(103,319)

 

  

 

  

Net loss attributable per share to common stockholders:

 

  

 

  

Basic

$

(1.96)

$

(3.31)

Diluted

$

(2.03)

$

(3.31)

 

  

 

  

Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss attributable per share to common stockholders:

 

  

 

  

Basic

 

36,344,234

 

31,170,351

Diluted

 

36,374,215

 

31,170,351

(1)Amounts include stock-based compensation expense, as follows:

PORCH GROUP, INC.

2020

(as restated)

    

2019

Cost of revenue

$

2

    

$

9

Selling and marketing

 

1,901

 

477

Product and technology

 

5,248

 

747

General and administrative

 

4,145

 

34,739

$

11,296

$

35,972

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Revenue$430,302$275,948$192,433
Operating expenses:
Cost of revenue220,243107,57758,725
Selling and marketing144,307113,84884,273
Product and technology58,50259,56547,005
General and administrative103,192109,81484,740
Provision for doubtful accounts37,1808051,055
Impairment loss on intangible assets and goodwill57,23261,386
Total operating expenses620,656452,995275,798
Operating loss(190,354)(177,047)(83,365)
Other income (expense):
Interest expense(31,828)(8,723)(5,757)
Change in fair value of earnout liability4413,822(18,519)
Change in fair value of private warrant liability(444)14,486(15,389)
Change in fair value of derivatives(4,261)
Gain on extinguishment of debt81,3545,110
Investment income and realized gains, net of investment expenses8,2851,174701
Other income, net3,893571340
Total other income (expense)57,04321,330(33,514)
Loss before income taxes(133,311)(155,717)(116,879)
Income tax benefit (provision)(622)(842)10,273
Net loss(133,933)(156,559)(106,606)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Change in net unrealized loss, net of tax2,311(5,912)(259)
Comprehensive loss$(131,622)$(162,471)$(106,865)
Net loss per share - basic and diluted (Note 18)$(1.39)$(1.61)$(1.14)
Shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per share96,05797,35193,885

The accompanying notesNotes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these financial statements.

69

68

Porch Group,Inc.
ConsolidatedStatementsofStockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
Years Ended December31, 2020 and 2019
(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts)

    

Redeemable Convertible 

  

  

    

    

Additional 

    

    

Total 

Preferred Stock

Common Stock

 

Paid-in 

 

Accumulated 

 

Stockholders’

Shares

    

Amount

Shares

Amount

 

Capital

Deficit

 

Equity (Deficit)

Balances as of January 1, 2019

 

42,104,419

$

119,000

 

 

20,475,883

$

205

$

10,615

$

(160,662)

$

(149,842)

Retroactive application of recapitalization(1)

(42,104,419)

(119,000)

8,937,724

(202)

119,202

119,000

Adjusted balance, beginning of period

 

 

 

 

29,413,607

 

3

 

129,817

 

(160,662)

 

(30,842)

Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle

 

 

507

 

507

Net loss

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(103,319)

 

(103,319)

Stock-based compensation

 

 

 

 

 

 

35,972

 

 

35,972

Issuance of Series B and Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock(1)

 

 

 

 

3,944,897

 

 

37,274

 

 

37,274

Issuance of common stock for acquisitions

 

 

 

 

271,287

 

 

479

 

 

479

Adjustment to purchase price consideration

 

 

 

 

 

 

(290)

 

 

(290)

Issuance of common stock warrants

 

 

 

 

 

 

168

 

 

168

Vesting of restricted stock awards issued for acquisitions

 

 

 

 

516,539

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

 

 

4

Exercise of stock options

 

 

 

 

74,980

 

 

110

 

 

110

Shares repurchased

 

 

 

 

(23,488)

 

 

(42)

 

 

(42)

Balances as of December 31, 2019

 

$

 

 

34,197,822

$

3

$

203,492

$

(263,474)

$

(59,979)

Net loss (as restated)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(54,032)

 

(54,032)

Stock-based compensation (as restated)

 

 

 

 

 

 

10,660

 

 

10,660

Stock-based compensation - earnout

 

1,976,332

636

636

Issuance of Series B and Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock(1)

 

 

 

 

682,539

 

 

4,836

 

 

4,836

Conversion of convertible notes to Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock(1)

 

198,750

 

 

1,436

 

1,436

Repurchase of redeemable convertible preferred stock

 

 

 

 

(75,162)

 

 

(480)

 

 

(480)

Issuance of common stock warrants

 

 

 

 

 

 

44

 

 

44

Vesting of restricted stock awards issued for acquisitions

 

 

 

 

472,141

 

 

 

 

Issuance of common stock for acquisitions

 

 

 

 

785,330

 

 

6,898

 

 

6,898

Exercise of stock options and warrants

 

 

 

 

505,711

 

 

1,029

 

 

1,029

Net share settlement of common stock options and restricted stock units

 

1,189,911

Shareholder contribution

 

 

 

 

 

 

17,584

 

 

17,584

Inducement to convert preferred stock

 

(17,284)

(17,284)

Impacts of recognition of contingent beneficial conversion feature

 

(5,208)

(5,208)

Conversion of common stock warrants into common stock

 

1,705,266

Conversion of redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants into common stock

 

702,791

11,029

11,029

Recapitalization and PIPE financing (as restated)

 

35,304,052

5

239,722

239,727

Tax impacts of recapitalization

 

187

187

Earnout liability (as restated)

 

4,023,668

(50,238)

(50,238)

Cancellation of redeemable convertible preferred stock repurchase liability

 

 

 

 

 

 

480

 

 

480

Balances as of December 31, 2020 (as restated)

 

$

 

 

81,669,151

$

8

$

424,823

$

(317,506)

$

107,325

(1) Issuance of redeemable convertible preferred stock and convertible preferred stock warrants have been retroactively restated to give effect to the recapitalization transaction.

70

PORCH GROUP, INC.

(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated)

Common StockAdditional
Paid-in
Capital
Accumulated
Deficit
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Total
Stockholders’
Equity (Deficit)
SharesAmount
Balances as of December 31, 202081,669$8 $424,823 $(317,506)$ $107,325 
Net loss— — (106,606)(106,606)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax— — — (259)(259)
Stock-based compensation— 15,631 — — 15,631 
Stock-based compensation - earnout— 22,961 — — 22,961 
Issuance of common stock for acquisitions2,04335,706 — — 35,707 
Contingent consideration for acquisitions— 6,685 — — 6,685 
Reclassification of earnout liability upon vesting— 54,891 — — 54,891 
Reclassification of private warrant liability upon exercise— 31,730 — — 31,730 
Vesting of restricted stock2,549— — — — — 
Exercise of stock warrants11,521126,768 — — 126,769 
Exercise of stock options1,701— 4,326 — — 4,326 
Income tax withholdings(1,521)— (28,940)— — (28,940)
Capped call transactions— (52,913)— — (52,913)
Transaction costs— (262)— — (262)
Balances as of December 31, 202197,962$10 $641,406 $(424,112)$(259)$217,045 
Net loss— — (156,559)— (156,559)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax— — — (5,912)(5,912)
Stock-based compensation— 27,041 — — 27,041 
Issuance of common stock for acquisitions629— 3,552 — — 3,552 
Contingent consideration for acquisitions— 530 — — 530 
Vesting of restricted stock2,145— — — — — 
Exercise of stock options474— 1,116 — — 1,116 
Income tax withholdings(613)— (3,108)— — (3,108)
Repurchases of common stock(2,389)— — (4,352)— (4,352)
Balances as of December 31, 202298,206$10 $670,537 $(585,023)$(6,171)$79,353 
Net loss— — (133,933)— (133,933)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax— — — 2,311 2,311 
Stock-based compensation— 20,709 — — 20,709 
Vesting of restricted stock3,122— — — — — 
Exercise of stock options20— 26 — — 26 
Income tax withholdings(841)— (1,240)— — (1,240)
Repurchases of common stock(1,396)— — (3,100)— (3,100)
Cancellations of common stock(2,050)— — — — — 
Proceeds from sale of common stock— 191 — — 191 
Balances as of December 31, 202397,061$10 $690,223 $(722,056)$(3,860)$(35,683)
The accompanying notesNotes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these financial statements

Porch Group,Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Years Ended December31, 2020 and 2019
(all numbers in thousands)

2020

    

(as restated)

    

2019

Cash flows from operating activities:

  

 

  

Net loss

$

(54,032)

$

(103,319)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities

 

 

  

Depreciation and amortization

 

6,644

 

7,377

Loss on sale and impairment of long-lived assets

895

1,088

Loss (gain) on extinguishment of debt

 

(5,748)

 

483

Loss on remeasurement of debt

 

895

 

6,159

Loss (gain) on divestiture of businesses

 

(1,442)

 

4,994

Loss on remeasurement of Legacy Porch warrants

 

2,584

 

2,090

Loss on remeasurement of private warrant liability

(2,427)

Loss (gain) on remeasurement of contingent consideration

 

1,700

 

(300)

Stock-based compensation

 

11,296

 

35,972

Warrants issued for services

 

 

315

Interest expense (non-cash)

 

7,488

 

2,369

Deferred taxes

 

(30)

 

29

Other

 

7

 

236

Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and divestitures

 

  

 

  

Accounts receivable

 

203

 

(1,840)

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

(2,587)

 

603

Long-term insurance commissions receivable

(3,365)

Accounts payable

 

4,092

 

2,361

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

 

(15,946)

 

7,704

Deferred revenue

 

2,206

 

(803)

Refundable customer deposits

 

(3,521)

 

6,122

Other

 

2,419

 

(975)

Net cash used in operating activities

 

(48,669)

 

(29,335)

Cash flows from investing activities:

 

  

 

  

Purchases of property and equipment

 

(279)

 

(478)

Capitalized internal use software development costs

 

(2,601)

 

(4,096)

Divestiture of businesses, net of cash disposed

 

 

(750)

Acquisitions, net of cash acquired

 

(7,791)

 

116

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(10,671)

 

(5,208)

Cash flows from financing activities:

 

  

 

  

Proceeds from recapitalization and PIPE financing

305,133

Distribution to stockholders

(30,000)

Transaction costs - recapitalization

(5,652)

Proceeds from debt issuance, net of fees

 

66,190

 

31,300

Repayments of principal and related fees

 

(81,640)

 

(202)

Proceeds from issuance of redeemable convertible preferred stock, net of fees

 

4,714

 

3,274

Repurchase of stock

 

(42)

 

Proceeds from exercises of stock options and warrants

 

911

 

114

Net cash provided by financing activities

 

259,614

 

34,486

Change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

$

200,274

$

(57)

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period

$

7,179

$

7,236

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period

$

207,453

$

7,179

statements.

71

69

PORCH GROUP, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated)
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss$(133,933)$(156,559)$(106,606)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Depreciation and amortization24,415 27,930 16,386 
Provision for doubtful accounts37,180 805 1,055 
Impairment loss on intangible assets and goodwill57,232 61,386 — 
Gain on extinguishment of debt(81,354)— (5,110)
Change in fair value of private warrant liability444 (14,486)15,389 
Change in fair value of contingent consideration(5,664)6,944 (2,244)
Change in fair value of earnout liability and derivatives4,217 (13,822)18,519 
Stock-based compensation20,709 27,041 38,592 
Non-cash interest expense20,756 2,270 2,387 
Other1,057 3,590 2,892 
Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and divestitures
Accounts receivable1,030 (4,886)(2,905)
Reinsurance balance due179,436 (70,644)(15,343)
Deferred policy acquisition costs(18,458)(4,716)(4,247)
Accounts payable2,491 (697)(11,779)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities(1,386)(6,519)(15,981)
Losses and loss adjustment expense reserves(5,129)38,683 (22,417)
Other insurance liabilities, current(30,125)21,686 14,396 
Deferred revenue(21,583)66,254 53,556 
Refundable customer deposits(13,925)6,537 (3,545)
Other assets and liabilities, net(3,481)(8,533)(7,772)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities33,929 (17,736)(34,777)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment(851)(2,350)(972)
Capitalized internal use software development costs(9,245)(8,100)(3,719)
Purchases of short-term and long-term investments(91,015)(52,506)(24,006)
Maturities, sales of short-term and long-term investments46,832 21,906 21,694 
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired(1,974)(38,628)(256,430)
Net cash used in investing activities(56,253)(79,678)(263,433)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from line of credit— 5,000 — 
Proceeds from advance funding319 18,643 — 
Repayments of advance funding(4,133)(22,746)— 
Proceeds from issuance of debt116,667 10,000 413,537 
Repayments of principal(10,150)(5,150)(46,965)
Cash paid for debt issuance costs(4,694)— — 
Capped call transactions— — (52,913)
Proceeds from exercises of warrants— — 126,741 
Income tax withholdings paid upon vesting of restricted stock units(1,240)(3,108)(28,877)
Repurchase of stock(5,608)(1,813)— 
Other(210)401 4,026 
Net cash provided by financing activities90,951 1,227 415,549 
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash68,627 (96,187)117,339 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period228,605 324,792 207,453 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period$297,232 $228,605 $324,792 

70

Table of Contents
PORCH GROUP, INC.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Continued
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated)
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities
Non-cash consideration for acquisitions$— $12,252 $52,761 
Non-cash reduction in advanced funding arrangement obligations11,763 — — 
Share repurchases included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities— 2,539 — 
Reduction of earnout liability due to vesting event— — 54,891 
Supplemental disclosures
Cash paid for interest$12,212 $3,512 $2,662 
Income tax refunds received (paid)2,287 (674)— 

Porch Group,Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows — Continued
Years Ended December31, 2020 and 2019
(all numbers in thousands)

    

2020

    

2019

Supplemental disclosures

 

  

 

  

Conversion of redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants into common stock

$

11,029

$

Earnout liability

$

50,238

$

Private warrant liability

$

31,534

$

Capital contribution from a shareholder - inducement to convert preferred stock to common

$

17,284

$

Non-cash inducement to convert preferred stock to common

$

17,284

$

Conversion of debt to redeemable convertible preferred stock (non-cash)

$

1,436

$

34,105

Debt discount for warrants issued (non-cash)

$

1,215

$

3,700

Cash paid for interest

$

9,103

$

3,466

Non-cash consideration for acquisitions

$

9,295

$

479

Cancelation of a convertible promissory note on divestiture of a business

$

2,724

$

Capital contribution from a shareholder - guarantee of debt

$

300

$

The accompanying notesNotes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these financial statements.

72

71

PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(all numbers in thousands except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

Note1.Restatement of Previously Issued Consolidated Financial Statements

On April 12, 2021, the Staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission released a statement highlighting a number of financial reporting considerations for Special Purpose Acquisition Companies (“SPACs”) (the “SEC Staff Statement”). The SEC Staff Statement highlighted potential accounting implications of certain terms that are common in warrants issued in connection with initial public offerings of SPACs. The SEC Staff Statement clarified guidance for all SPAC-related companies regarding the accounting and reporting for their warrants that could result in the warrants issued by SPACs being classified as a liability measured at fair value, with non-cash fair value adjustments recorded in earnings at each reporting period.

In light of the SEC Staff Statement, the Company reevaluated the accounting treatment of the Public Warrants and Private Warrants, which had been classified as equity on the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020. The Company determined that the Public Warrants did not contain these provisions and were otherwise appropriately classified as equity. However, the Private Warrant agreements provided for an alternative settlement structure dependent upon the characteristic of being an eligible Private Warrant holder. As the characteristics of a warrant holder are not inputs into the pricing of a fixed-for-fixed option on equity shares, such provision precludes the Private Warrants from being classified in equity, and thus the Private Warrants should be classified as a liability.

With this restatement, the Private Warrants are now appropriately classified as a liability measured at fair value on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020, and the change in fair value of such liability in each period is presented as a non-cash gain or loss in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

When presenting diluted earnings (loss)stated, except per share in the Company’s Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2020, the shares issuable under the Private Warrants were considered for inclusion in the diluted share count in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Since the shares issuable under the Private Warrants are issuable shares when exercised by the holders, they are included when computing diluted earnings (loss) per share to the extent such exercise is dilutive to EPS.

The adjustments related to the Private Warrants had a non-cash impact; as such, the statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2020 reflects an adjustment to net loss and a corresponding adjustment for the (gain) loss on the change in fair value of Warrants.

The following presents a reconciliation of the impacted financial statement line items as filed to the restated amounts as of December 31, 2020 and for the year then ended. The previously reported amounts reflect those included in the Original Filing of our Annual Report on Form 10-K as of and for the years ended December 31, 2020 filed with the SEC on March 31, 2021. These amounts are labeled as “As Filed” in the tables below. The amounts labeled “Restatement Adjustments” represent the effects of this restatement due to the change in classification of the Private Warrants from stockholders’ equity (deficit) to liability on the balance sheet, with subsequent changes in the fair value recognized in the statement of operations at each reporting date. Also included in the amounts labeled “Adjustment” is the effect of expensing transaction costs allocated to the Private Warrants in the statement of operations that were previously charged to stockholders’ equity (deficit). Finally, the amounts labeled “Restatement Adjustments” also include the correction of certain other previously identified immaterial errors in the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020. The impact of correcting these other immaterial items on the financial statements was an increase in net loss of $0.9 million.

72

data)

Table of Contents

PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

Restatement

Consolidated Balance Sheet

As Filed

Adjustments

As Restated

Assets

Accounts receivable, net

$

4,661

$

(393)

$

4,268

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

3,891

189

4,080

Total current assets

216,005

(204)

215,801

Total assets

268,591

(204)

268,387

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

Accounts payable

$

8,903

$

300

$

9,203

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

9,991

(86)

9,905

Deferred revenue

4,870

338

5,208

Total current liabilities

31,174

552

31,726

Earnout liability, at fair value

50,442

(204)

50,238

Private warrant liability, at fair value

31,534

31,534

Total liabilities

129,180

31,882

161,062

Additional paid-in capital

454,486

(29,663)

424,823

Accumulated deficit

(315,083)

(2,423)

(317,506)

Total stockholders’ equity

139,411

(32,086)

107,325

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

268,591

(204)

268,387

    

Restatement

    

As Filed

Adjustments

As Restated

Consolidated statement of operations

  

  

  

Revenue

$

73,216

$

(917)

$

72,299

Operating expenses:

 

 

 

Selling and marketing

$

41,768

$

(103)

$

41,665

Product and technology

 

28,298

 

248

 

28,546

General and administrative

28,387

(188)

28,199

Total operating expenses

114,573

(43)

114,530

Operating loss

(41,357)

(874)

(42,231)

Other income (expense):

Other income (expense), net

$

2,791

$

(1,547)

$

1,244

Total other income (expense)

(11,943)

(1,547)

(13,490)

Loss before income taxes

(53,300)

(2,421)

(55,721)

Income tax (benefit) expense

(1,691)

2

(1,689)

Net loss

(51,609)

(2,423)

(54,032)

Net loss attributable to common stockholders

(68,893)

(2,423)

(71,316)

Net loss attributable per share to common stockholders:

Basic

$

(1.90)

$

(0.06)

$

(1.96)

Diluted

$

(1.90)

$

(0.13)

$

(2.03)

73

Table of Contents

PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

Restatement

As Filed

Adjustments

As Restated

Consolidated statement of cash flows

Net loss

$

(51,609)

$

(2,423)

$

(54,032)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities

Loss on remeasurement of private warrant liability

$

$

(2,427)

$

(2,427)

Stock-based compensation

11,409

(113)

11,296

Other

(200)

207

7

Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and divestitures

Accounts receivable

$

16

$

187

$

203

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

(2,398)

(189)

(2,587)

Accounts payable

3,793

299

4,092

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

(15,860)

(86)

(15,946)

Deferred revenue

1,868

338

2,206

Other

(1,788)

4,207

2,419

Net cash used in operating activities

$

(48,669)

(48,669)

Net cash used in investing activities

$

(10,671)

(10,671)

Net cash provided by financing activities

$

259,614

259,614

Change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

$

200,274

200,274

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, beginning of period

$

7,179

7,179

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash end of period

$

207,453

207,453

In addition, amounts were restated in the following:

Note 1A, Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Note 2, Revenue
Note 3, Fair Value
Note 8, Stock-Based Compensation
Note 9, Income Taxes
Note 14, Basic and Diluted Net Loss Per Share

1A.Note 1. Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Description of BusinessofBusiness

Porch Group, Inc., together with its consolidated subsidiaries, (“Porch Group”, “Porch” orGroup,” “Porch,” the “Company”“Company,” “we,” “our,” “us”) is a leading vertical software and insurance platform and is positioned to be the best partner to help homebuyers move, maintain, and fully protect their homes. We offer differentiated products and services, with homeowners insurance at the center of this relationship.
We differentiate and look to win in the massive and growing homeowners insurance opportunity by 1) providing the best services for homebuyers, 2) led by advantaged underwriting in insurance, 3) to protect the whole home.
As a leader in the home providing software and services software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) space, we’ve built deep relationships with approximately 30 thousand companies that are key to home services companies,the home-buying transaction, such as home inspectors, insurance carriers, moving companies, utility companies, warrantymortgage companies, and others. Porch helps these service providers grow their business and improve their customer experience.title companies.These relationships provide us with early insights to United States (“U.S.”) homebuyers. In exchange for the use of the software,partnership with these companies, connect their homebuyerswe have the ability to Porch, who in turn makeshelp simplify the moving process easier, helpingmove for consumers save time and make better decisions about criticalwith services includingsuch as insurance, warranty, moving security, TV/internet, home repair and improvement, and more. While some customers pay Porch typical software-as-a-service (“SaaS”) fees,
We have two reportable segments that are also our operating segments: Vertical Software and Insurance. See Note 17, Segment Information, for additional information on our reportable segments.
Through our vertical software products we have unique insights into the majority of Porch’s revenue comes from business-to-business-to-consumer (“B2B2C”) transaction revenues, with service providers such asU.S. properties. This data helps feed our insurance carriers or TV/internet companies paying Porch for new customer sign-ups.

underwriting models, better understand risk, and create competitive differentiation in underwriting.

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

The Merger

On July 30, 2020, Porch.com, Inc. (“Legacy Porch”) entered into a definitive agreement (as amended, the “Merger Agreement”) with PropTech Acquisition Corporation (“PTAC”), a special purpose acquisition company, whereby the parties agreed to merge, resulting in the parent of Porch.com, Inc. becoming a publicly listed company under the name Porch Group, Inc. (“Porch”). This merger (the “Merger”) closed on December 23, 2020, and consisted of the following transactions:

Holders of 400 shares of PTAC Class A Common Stock exercised their redemption right to redeem those shares at a redemption price of $10.04. The shares were subsequently cancelled by PTAC. The aggregate redemption price was paid from PTAC’s trust account, which had a balance immediately prior to the Merger closing of approximately $173.1 million. After redemptions, 17,249,600 shares of PTAC Class A Stock remained outstanding. Upon consummation of the Merger, 4,312,500 PTAC Class B Common Stock converted into shares of PTAC Class A Common Stock on a 1-for-one basis. 14,235,000 common stock warrants remained outstanding as a result of the merger. Of the outstanding warrants, 5,700,000 are private warrants and 8,625,000 are public warrants. Each warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one share of common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment, commencing 30 days after the completion of the Merger, and expiring on December 23, 2025 which is five-years after the Merger.
Immediately prior to the Merger, (including as a result of the conversions described above and certain redemption of PTAC common stock immediately prior to the closing), there were 21,562,100 shares of PTAC Class A Common Stock issued and outstanding, which excludes the additional shares issued to Legacy Porch holders, and issuance of new shares to third-party investors, as further described below.
Immediately prior the Merger, 52,207,029 shares of Legacy Porch preferred stock were converted into 52,251,876 shares of Legacy Porch common stock. 4,472,695 outstanding in-the-money warrants to purchase common stock, 2,316,280 outstanding in-the-money warrants to purchase preferred stock, and 184,652 out-of-the-money warrants to purchase preferred stock were cancelled, pursuant to the terms of warrant cancellation agreements, resulting in the issuance of 5,126,128 shares of Legacy Porch common stock. 2,533,016 shares of Legacy Porch common stock were issued to extinguish 3,116,003 vested stock options and RSUs of non-employee or non-service provider holders.
Immediately prior to the Merger, certain third-party investors (“PIPE Investors”), purchased 15,000,000 newly issued shares of Porch Group, Inc. common stock at a price of $10.00 per share in exchange for cash. Net proceeds from the additional offering were $141.8 million after the deduction of $8.2 million of direct offering costs.
PTAC issued 36,264,984 shares of PTAC Class A Common Stock and $30 million in exchange for all 83,559,663 vested and outstanding shares of Legacy Porch Common stock to complete the Merger. In addition, 5,000,000 “earnout” shares were issued to pre-closing holders of Legacy Porch common stock, employee or service provider holders of unvested Legacy Porch option and restricted stockholders, subject to vesting conditions. 1,000,000 restricted shares subject to the same were issued to the Chief Executive Officer of the Company subject to the same vesting condition as the “earnout” shares. An additional 150,000 shares were provided to service providers in exchange for services related to the transaction.
In connection with the Merger, PTAC changed its name to Porch Group, Inc. as a corporation formed under the laws of the State of Delaware named Porch Group, Inc. (hereafter referred to as “Porch”).

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

The aggregate proceeds from the PTAC trust account, net proceeds from the sale of the newly-issued common stock to PIPE investors described above, and PTAC net working capital amount of $0.6 million were used to settle i) PTAC’s deferred offering costs of $6.0 million from its original public offering, and ii) $4.3 million of PTAC liabilities incurred prior to the Merger. After the transactions noted above, $305.1 million was available for use by Porch Group, Inc., prior to a $30 million distribution to pre-closing holders of Legacy Porch common stock, resulting in net assets available of $275.1 million.
In connection with the Merger, Porch incurred $30.8 million of transaction costs of which, $5.6 million were paid in cash. In addition, Porch issued 1,580,000 shares of common stock at a fair value of $23.3 million and 150,000 earnout shares at a fair value of $1.9 million as compensation for transaction services. Of the total amount, $27.0 million (as restated) met the eligibility criteria to be charged against equity because the costs were incurred pursuant to an issuance of equity as part of the recapitalization. $3.8 million (as restated) were recognized as expenses, as the costs were deemed related to the issuance private warrants and earnout shares which are liability classified financial instruments.
As a result of the foregoing transactions, $239.7 million was reflected as contributed capital on the Company’s consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity (deficit) (as restated). Presented separately, the Company also assumed a $50.4 million non-cash liability associated with the earnout shares, and $34.0 million liability associated with the Private Warrants, both described above.
At the closing of the Merger, pre-closing holders of Legacy Porch common stock held approximately 55% of the issued and outstanding common stock shares of Porch.

Accordingly, the Merger transactions were treated as the equivalent of Porch.com, Inc. issuing stockWe provide full protection for the net assetshome by including a variety of PTAC. Consistent with SEC Topic 12, Reverse Acquisitionshome warranty products alongside homeowners insurance. We are able to fill the gaps of protection for consumers, minimize surprises, and Reverse Recapitalizations, the acquisition of a private operating company by a non-operating public shell corporation typically results in the ownersdeepen our relationships and management of the private company having actual or effective voting control and operating control of the combined company. Therefore, the transaction is, in substance, a reverse recapitalization, equivalent to the issuance of stock by the private company for the net monetary assets of the shell corporation accompanied by a recapitalization (“Recapitalization”). The accounting is similar to that of a reverse acquisition, except that no goodwill or other intangible assets should be recorded. Therefore, the net assets of PTAC as of December 23, 2020, were stated at historical cost, and no goodwill or other intangible assets were recorded.

COVID-19 Update

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic related to the global novel coronavirus disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) outbreak. The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected Porch’s business operations, which has impacted revenue primarily in the first half of 2020. In response to the COVID-19 outbreak and government-imposed measures to control its spread, Porch’s ability to conduct ordinary course business activities has been and may continue to be impaired for an indefinite period of time. The extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Porch’s operational and financial performance will depend on various future developments, including the duration and spread of the outbreak and impact on the Company’s customers, suppliers, and employees, all of which is uncertain at this time. Porch expects the COVID-19 pandemic to adversely impact revenue and results of operations, but Porch is unable to predict at this time the size and duration of this adverse impact. At the same time, Porch is observing a recovery in home sales to pre-COVID-19 levels in the second half of 2020, and with them, home inspections and related services.

value proposition.

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes include the accounts of the CompanyPorch Group, Inc., and its wholly-ownedwholly owned subsidiaries and were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

Comprehensive loss includes all changes in equity during a Certain prior period from non-owner sources. Through December 31, 2020, there are no components of comprehensive loss which are not included in net loss; therefore, a separate statement of comprehensive loss has notamounts have been presented.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications to 2019 balances were madereclassified to conform to the current period presentationyear’s presentation. Except for per share data or as otherwise indicated, all U.S. dollar amounts presented in the consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statementstables in these Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data.

Comprehensive Loss
Comprehensive loss consists of operations, consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity (deficit),adjustments related to unrealized gains and consolidated statement of cash flows.

losses on available-for-sale securities.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to makeuse estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of certain assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenues and disclosed in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. These estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, estimated variable consideration for services performed, the allowance for doubtful accounts, depreciable lives for property and equipment, acquired intangible assets, goodwill, the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, assumptions used in stock-based compensation, and estimates of fair value of warrants, debt, contingent consideration, earnout shares and common stock.expenses. Actual results couldmay differ materially from those estimates and assumptions,assumptions.
Concentrations
Financial instruments which potentially subject us to credit risk consist principally of cash, money market accounts on deposit with financial institutions, money market funds, certificates of deposit, fixed-maturity securities, and those differencesreceivable balances in the course of collection.
Our insurance carrier subsidiary has exposure and remains liable in the event of insolvency of its reinsurers. Management and its reinsurance intermediary regularly assess the credit quality and ratings of its reinsurer counterparties. For the year ended December 31, 2023, four reinsurers represented more than 10% individually, and 57% in the aggregate, of our total reinsurance balance due. For the year ended December 31, 2022, two reinsurers represented more than 10% individually, and 45% in the aggregate, of our total reinsurance balance due.
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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Substantially all of our revenues in the Insurance segment are derived from customers in Texas (which represent approximately 64%, 52% and 61% of Insurance segment revenues in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively), South Carolina (which represent approximately 11%, 10% and 9% of Insurance segment revenues in the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively), North Carolina, Georgia, Virginia, and Arizona, which could be material toadversely affected by economic conditions, an increase in competition, local weather events, or environmental impacts and changes.
No individual customer represented more than 10% of our total revenue for the consolidated financial statements.

Segment Reporting

The Company operates in a single segment. Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance. The Company has determined that its Chief Executive Officer is the CODM. To date, the Company’s CODM has made such decisions and assessed performance at the Company level.

All of the Company’s revenue is generated in the United States.

years ended 2023, 2022 or 2021. As of December 31, 20202023 and 2019, the Company did not have assets located outside2022, no individual customer accounted for 10% or more of the United States.

our total accounts receivable.

As of December 31, 2023, we held approximately $263.6 million of cash with five U.S. commercial banks. As of December 31, 2022, we held approximately $148.0 million of cash with three U.S. commercial bank.
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

The Company considers

We consider all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less at the time of purchase to be cash equivalents. The Company maintainsWe maintain cash balances that exceed the insured limits by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

Restricted cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 20202023, includes $28.3 million held by our captive reinsurance business as collateral for the benefit of Homeowners of America Insurance Company (“HOA”), $1.3 million held in certificates of deposit and 2019 includesmoney market mutual funds pledged to the Department of Insurance in certain states as a $3,000 minimumcondition of our Certificate of Authority for the purpose of meeting obligations to policyholders and creditors, $7.3 million in funds held for the payment of possible warranty claims as required under regulatory guidelines in 19 states, and $1.9 million related to acquisition indemnifications. Restricted cash balance required by the Company’s senior secured lender. Asand cash equivalents as of December 31, 2020,2022, includes $5.1 million held by our captive reinsurance business as collateral for the restricted cash balancebenefit of HOA, $1.0 million held in current assets also includes $8,407money market mutual funds pledged to the Department of Insurance in certain states as a condition of its Certificate of Authority for the purpose of meeting obligations to policyholders and creditors, $5.0 million in funds held for the payment of possible warranty claims as required under regulatory guidelines in 19 states, and $2.4 million related to the Paycheck Protection Program Loan held in escrow with a commercial bank (see Note 6).

acquisition indemnifications.

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

The reconciliation of cash, and cash equivalents, and restricted cash to amounts presented in the consolidated statementsConsolidated Statements of cash flowsCash Flows are as follows:

December 31,
20232022
Cash and cash equivalents$258,418$215,060
Restricted cash and cash equivalents38,81413,545
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$297,232$228,605

    

December 31, 2020

    

December 31, 2019

Cash and cash equivalents

$

196,046

$

4,179

Restricted cash - current

 

11,407

 

Restricted cash - non-current

 

 

3,000

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

$

207,453

$

7,179

Investments

Our investments are primarily comprised of short-term certificates of deposit, U.S. Treasury, corporate and municipal bonds, and mortgage-backed securities and are classified as available-for-sale and reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses included in accumulated other comprehensive loss. Investments are classified as current or non-current based upon the remaining maturity of the investment. Amortization of premium and accretion of discount are computed using the effective interest method. The accretion or amortization of discounts and premiums on mortgage-backed securities takes into consideration actual and future estimated principal prepayments. We utilize estimated prepayment speed information obtained from published sources. The effects of the yield of a security from changes in principal prepayments are recognized prospectively. The degree to which a security is susceptible to yield adjustments is influenced by the difference between its carrying value and par, the relative sensitivity of the underlying mortgages backing the assets to prepayment in a changing interest rate environment, and the repayment priority for structured securities.
We evaluate whether declines in the fair value of investments have resulted from an expected credit loss. See Note 3, Investments, for additional information about management’s evaluation.
Realized gains and losses on sales of investments are determined using the specific-identification method.
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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Accounts Receivable and Long-term Insurance Commissions Receivable

Accounts receivable consist principally of amounts due from enterprise customers, and other corporate partnerships, as well as credit card receivables. The Company estimatesand individual policyholders. We estimate allowances for uncollectible receivables based on the credit worthinesscreditworthiness of itsour customers, historical trend analysis, and general economicmacro-economic conditions. Consequently, an adverse change in those factors could affect the Company’sour estimate of allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance for uncollectible receivables at December 31, 20202023, and 2019,2022, was $455$0.6 million and $188,$0.5 million, respectively.

Long-term insurance commissions receivable balance consists of the estimated commissions from policy renewals expected to be collected.

We record the amount of renewal insurance commissions expected to be collected in the next twelve months as current accounts receivable.

Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs
We capitalize deferred policy acquisitions costs (“DAC”) which consist primarily of commissions, premium taxes and policy underwriting and production expenses that are directly related to the successful acquisition by our insurance company subsidiary of new or renewal insurance contracts. DAC are amortized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the policies to which they relate, which is generally one year. DAC is also reduced by ceding commissions paid by reinsurance companies which represent recoveries of acquisition costs. DAC is periodically reviewed for recoverability and adjusted if necessary. Future investment income is considered in determining the recoverability of DAC. Amortized deferred acquisition costs included in sales and marketing expense, amounted to $49.2 million, $14.5 million, and $2.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.
Property, Equipment, and Software

Property, equipment, and software are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows:

Estimated Useful Lives

Software and computer equipment

3 years

Furniture, office equipment and other

3 – 5 years

Internally developed software

2 years

Leasehold improvements

Shorter of useful life or remaining lease term

When assets are retired or disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gains or losses are included in the consolidated statementConsolidated Statements of operationsOperations and Comprehensive Loss in the period of disposition. Maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets are charged to expense in the period incurred.

The Company capitalizes

We capitalize costs incurred in the development of internal use software. The capitalized costs are amortized over the estimated useful life of the software. If capitalized projects are determined to no longer be in use, they are impaired and the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts. The resulting loss on impairment, if any, is included in the consolidated statementsConsolidated Statements of operationsOperations and Comprehensive Loss in the period of impairment.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The Company tests

We test goodwill for impairment for each reporting unit on an annual basis, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate the fair value of a reporting unit ismay be below its carrying value. The Company hasWe have the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if an impairment is more likely than not to have occurred. If the Companywe can support the conclusion that it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the Companywe would not need to perform a quantitative impairment test. If the Companywe cannot support such a conclusion or the Company doeswe do not elect to perform the qualitative assessment, the

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

Company performswe perform a quantitative assessment. If a quantitative goodwill impairment assessment is performed, the Company utilizeswe utilize a combination of the market and income valuation approaches.

If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, an impairment loss is recorded to the extent that fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. The Company hasWe have selected October 1 as the date to perform its annual impairment test. There were 0 goodwill impairment losses recorded during

Determining the years ended December 31, 2020fair value of a reporting unit is judgmental in nature and 2019.

involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions to evaluate the impact of operating and macroeconomic changes on each reporting unit. The fair value of each

74

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
reporting unit was estimated using a combination of income and market valuation approaches using publicly traded company multiples in similar businesses. Such fair value measurements are based predominately on Level 3 inputs. This analysis requires significant judgments, including estimation of future cash flows, which is dependent on internally developed forecasts, estimation of the long-term rate of growth for our business, estimation of the useful life over which cash flows will occur, and determination of our weighted average cost of capital, which is risk-adjusted to reflect the specific risk profile of the reporting unit being tested.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consist of acquired customer relationships, acquired technology, trademarks and trade names, customer portfoliosrenewal rights, insurance licenses, non-compete agreements, value of businesses acquired, and related assets that are amortized over their estimated useful lives.

Certain intangible assets are considered to have indefinite lives. We test indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually on October 1 and whenever events or circumstances arise that indicate an impairment may exist. See the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews its section below.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
We review long-lived assets including property, equipment, software and amortizing intangibles, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of the assets may not be fully recoverable. Events that trigger a test for recoverability include a significant decrease in the market price for a long-lived asset, significant negative industry or economic trends, an accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected for the acquisition, a current-period operating or cash flow loss combined with a history of operating or cash flow losses or a projection or forecast that demonstrates continuing losses associated with the use of a long-lived asset, or a sustained decrease in share price. When a triggering event occurs, a test for recoverability is performed, comparing projected undiscounted future cash flows to the carrying value of the asset group. If indicatorsthe test for recoverability identifies a possible impairment, the asset group’s fair value is measured relying primarily on an income approach. An impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying value of impairment exist, managementthe asset group exceeds its estimated fair value. Management identifies the asset group whichthat includes the potentially impaired long-lived asset, at the lowest level at which there are separate, identifiable cash flows. If
We estimate the totalfair value of an asset group using the income approach. Such fair value measurements are based predominately on Level 3 inputs. Inherent in our development of cash flow projections are assumptions and estimates derived from a review of our operating results, business plan forecasts, expected growth rates, and cost of capital, similar to those a market participant would use to assess fair value. We also make certain assumptions about future economic conditions and other data. Many of these factors used in assessing fair value are outside the control of management and these assumptions and estimates may change in future periods.
Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses Reserves
The liability for losses and loss adjustment expenses (“LAE”) is an estimate of the expected undiscounted future net cash flowsamounts required to cover known incurred losses and LAE and is developed through the review and assessment of loss reports, along with the analysis of known claims. These reserves include management’s estimate of the amounts for losses incurred but not reported (“IBNR”). IBNR is reviewed regularly using a variety of actuarial techniques. We update the asset groupreserve estimates as historical loss experience develops, additional claims are reported and/or settled and new information becomes available. Any changes in estimates are reflected in operating results in the period in which the estimates are changed. Although management believes that the balance of these reserves is adequate, such liabilities are necessarily dependent on estimates, the ultimate expense may be more or less than the carrying amountamounts presented. The approach and methods for developing these estimates and for recording the resulting liability are continually reviewed. Any adjustments to this reserve are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. Losses and LAE, less related reinsurance is charged to expense as incurred.
Reinsurance
In the normal course of business, we monitor return and risk and seeks to reduce the overall exposure to losses that may arise from catastrophes or other events that cause unfavorable underwriting results by reinsuring certain levels of risk with other insurance enterprises or reinsurers. Our insurance company subsidiary has entered proportional and non-proportional reinsurance treaties, under which the insurance company subsidiary has ceded some, but not all, of the asset, aliabilities to third-party reinsurers including, but not limited to, catastrophe exposure. The amount and type of reinsurance employed is based
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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
on management’s analysis of capital as well as its estimates of probable maximum loss is recognizedand evaluation of the conditions within the reinsurance market.
We remain liable to our policyholders for the difference betweenportion reinsured to the fair valueextent that any reinsurer does not meet the obligations assumed under the reinsurance agreements. To minimize our exposure to significant losses from reinsurer insolvencies, HOA evaluates the financial condition of its reinsurers and carrying amountmonitors concentrations of credit risk arising from similar geographic regions, activities, or economic characteristics of the asset. Losses duereinsurers.
Additionally, the insurance contracts are subject to impairmentcontingent commission adjustments and loss participation features, which aligns our interests with those of long-lived assets totaled $611our reinsurers.
Ceded premium written is recorded in accordance with the applicable terms of the reinsurance contracts and $1,051 during 2020ceded premium earned is charged against revenue over the period of the reinsurance contracts. Ceded losses incurred reduce net loss and 2019, respectively, and are included in product and technology expenseLAE incurred over the applicable periods of the reinsurance contracts with third-party reinsurers.
Other Insurance Liabilities, Current
The following table details the components of other insurance liabilities, current, in the consolidated statements of operations.

Concentration of Credit Risk

No individual customer represented more than 10% of the Company’s total revenue for the years ended December 31, 2020 or 2019. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019, no individual customer accounted for 10% or more of the Company’s total accounts receivable.

As of December 31, 2020, the Company held approximately $206 million of cash with one U.S. commercial bank.

Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock Warrants

The Company accounts for its warrants to purchase shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock as liabilities based upon the characteristics and provisions of each instrument. Warrants classified as derivative liabilities and other derivative financial instruments that require separate accounting as liabilities are recorded on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at their fair value on the date of issuance and are revalued on each subsequent balance sheet date until such instruments are exercised or expire, with any changes in the fair value between reporting periods recorded in the consolidated statements of operations. As discussed in Note 1A, all redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants were converted into common stock or canceled immediately prior to the Merger.

Consolidated Balance Sheets:

December 31,
20232022
Ceded reinsurance premiums payable$10,500$29,204
Commissions payable, reinsurers and agents4,65021,045
Advance premiums5,9758,668
Funds held under reinsurance treaty9,8201,851
General and accrued expenses payable640942
Other insurance liabilities, current$31,585$61,710
Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value principles require disclosures regarding the manner in which fair value is determined for assets and liabilities and establishes a three-tiered fair value hierarchy into which these assets and liabilities must be grouped, based upon significant levels of inputs as follows:

Level 1     Observable inputs, such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date;

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

Level 2     Observable inputs, other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and

Level 3     Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities

liabilities.

The lowest level of significant input determines the placement of the entire fair value measurement in the hierarchy. Management’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires management to make judgments and consider factors specific to the asset or liability.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The Company primarily generatesRecognition

We generate revenue from (1)a variety of sources:
Insurance revenue in the form of insurance and warranty premiums, policy fees, commissions from reinsurers and other insurance-related fees generated through our owned insurance carrier, as well as commissions from third-party insurance carriers where we act as an independent agent;
Software and service subscription revenue generated from fees paid by companies for access to our software and provision of services;
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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Move-related revenue through fees received for connecting homeowners to customers inservice providers during the Company’s referral network, which consisttime of individual contractors, small businesses, insurance careersa move including movers, TV/Internet, warranty, and large enterprises (2) fees receivedsecurity monitoring providers and for providing home project and movingselect services directly to the homeowner; and
Post-move related revenue in the form of fees earned from introducing homeowners and (3) fees received for providing subscription access to the Company’s inspection software platform. Revenue is recognized when control of the promised services or goods is transferred to our customers and in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those services or goods.

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company’s revenue recognition policy follows guidance from ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which resulted in a $507 adjustment to accumulated deficit.

The Company determines revenue recognition through the following five-step framework:

Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer;
Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;
Determination of the transaction price;
Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and
Recognition of revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation.
home service professionals including handyman, plumbers, electricians, roofers, etc.

The Company identifiesWe identify performance obligations in itsour non-insurance contracts with customers, which primarily include delivery of homeowner leads (Referral Network Revenue),and commissions from third-party insurance carriers, performance of home project and moving services, (Managed Services Revenue),and providing access to the Company’sour software platforms (Software Subscription Revenue).and services. The transaction price is determined based on the amount to which the Company expectswe expect to be entitled to in exchange for providing the promised services to the customer. The transaction price in the contract is allocated to each distinct performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis. Revenue is recognized when or as performance obligations are satisfied.

Contract payment terms vary from due upon receipt to net 30 days. Collectability is assessed based on a number of factors including collection history and creditworthiness of the customer. If collectability of substantially all consideration to which the Company iswe are entitled under the contract is determined to be not probable, revenue is not recorded until collectability becomes probable at a later date.

Revenue is recorded based on the transaction price excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties, such as sales taxes collected and remitted to governmental authorities.

80

Insurance and Warranty Revenue
Insurance Revenue
Starting in April 2021, through the newly acquired HOA, we are authorized to write various forms of homeowners insurance. Insurance-related revenues primarily relate to premiums, policy fees, ceding commissions and reinsurance profit share. Premiums are recognized as revenue over the policy term. The portion of premiums related to the unexpired term of policies in force as of the end of the reporting period and to be earned over the remaining term of these policies, is deferred and reported as deferred revenue. Policy fees on policies where premium is traditionally paid in full upon inception of the policy are recognized when written.
Excess ceding commissions represent the commissions from reinsurers in excess of the portion which represents the reimbursement of acquisition costs associated with insurance risk ceded to reinsurers and is earned on a pro-rata basis over the life of the reinsurance policy. Reinsurance profit share is additional ceding commissions payable to us based on attaining specified loss ratios within individual treaty years. Reinsurance profit share income is recognized when earned, which includes adjustments to earned reinsurance profit share based on changes in incurred losses.
We sell homeowner and auto insurance policies for third-party insurance carriers. The transaction price for these arrangements is the estimated lifetime value (“LTV”) of the commissions to be paid by the third-party carrier for the policies sold. The LTV represents fixed first-year commission upon sale of the policy as well as the estimated variable future renewal commissions expected. We constrain the transaction price based on its best estimate of the amount which will not result in a significant reversal of revenue in a future period. After a policy is sold for an insurance carrier, we have no additional or ongoing contractual obligation to the policyholder or insurance carrier.
We estimate LTV each period by evaluating various factors, including commission rates for specific carriers and estimated average plan duration based on insurance carrier and market data related to policy renewals for similar insurance policies. Management reviews and monitors changes in the data used to estimate LTV as well as the cash received for each policy type compared to original estimates. If we identify changes that we believe are indicative of an increase or decrease to prior period LTVs, we will update estimates of variable consideration. There were no changes to the estimated variable consideration for the periods presented.
Warranty Revenue
We provide warranty products to homeowners which are sold through various channels including home inspection companies, real estate agents and direct to customers. These products provide customers with product protection that enhances or extends coverage offered by the manufacturer’s warranty and provides additional customer-friendly benefits that go beyond the scope of a manufacturer’s warranty. Typically, our home warranty policies cover a ninety-day to three-

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

stated, except per share data)

Referral Networkyear period. Revenue

for these policies is recognized ratably over the actual warranty coverage period for each individual policy.

We also offer products that customers may purchase to extend the manufacturer’s covered warranties for a term of up to twenty-five years. Revenue for these policies is recognized over the term of the agreement in proportion to our relief from risk we expect to incur in satisfying the contract obligations.
Software and Service Subscription Revenue
Software and service subscription revenue is primarily generated from the vertical software services provided to home inspectors, roofing companies, title insurance companies, mortgage companies, and other home services companies. We do not provide the customer with the right to take possession of any part of the software supporting the cloud-based application services. Our typical subscription contracts are monthly or annual contracts in which pricing is based on a specified volume of activity. We also provide certain data analytics, transaction monitoring and marketing services under subscription and service contracts. Fees earned for providing access to the software and services are non-refundable, and there is no right of return. Revenue is recognized based on the amount to which we are entitled for providing access to the software and services during the contract term.
Move-Related Revenue
Move-related revenue is generated when we connect service providers directly to homeowners and includes fees earned from providing primarily moving services directly to the homeowner. We generally invoice for move-related services on a fixed-fee or time-and-materials basis as contractually agreed-upon with the end customer. Revenue is generally recognized as services are performed, which is typically on the same day or over a few days. Fees earned for providing move-related services are non-refundable, and there is generally no right of return.
In certain of our move-related product offerings, we act as the Referral Networkprincipal in the revenue transactions as we are primarily responsible to the end customer for providing the service, we have a level of discretion in establishing pricing, and we control the service prior to providing it to the end customer. This control is evidenced by the ability to identify, select, and direct the service provider that provides the ultimate service to end customers, and we recognize these revenues on a gross basis. In other instances, third-party merchant partners are responsible for delivering the service to the end customer. Revenue stream, the Company connects third partyfor these arrangements is recognized on a net basis.
Post-Move Revenue
Post-move revenue is generated by connecting third-party service providers (“Service Providers”) with homeowners that meet predefinedpre-defined criteria and who may be looking for relevant services.
Revenue generated from Service Providers include a variety of service providers throughout a homeowner’s lifecycle, including plumbers, electricians, roofers, as well as movers, TV/Internet, warranty, insurance carriers, and security monitoring providers. The Company also sells home and auto insurance policies for insurance carriers.

Revenue is recognized at a point in time upon deliverythe connection of a leadhomeowner to the Service Provider, at which point the Company’sour performance obligation has been satisfied. The transaction price is generally either a fixed price per qualifying lead or based onactivated service (fixed consideration), or a percentage of the revenue the Service Provider ultimately generates through the homeowner lead. For arrangements in which the amount the Company is entitled to is based on the amount of revenue the Service Provider generates from the homeowner,connection (variable consideration). When the transaction price is considered variable, and an estimate of the constrained transaction price is recorded by the Company upon deliveryconstrained and limited to an amount we believe is not probable of the lead.

Service Providers generally have the option to pay as they receive leads or on a subscription basis, in which a specified amount is deposited into the Company’s referral platform monthly and any relevant leads are applied against the deposited amount. Certain Service Providers also have the option to pay an additional fixed fee for added member benefits, including profile distinction and rewards. Such subscriptions automatically renew each month unless cancelled by the customer in advance of the renewal period in accordance with the customer termination provisions. significant reversal.

Amounts received in advance of delivery of leads to the Service Provider is recorded as deferred revenue. Certain Service Providers have the right to return leads in limited instances. An estimate of returns is included as a reduction of revenue based on historical experience or specific identification depending on the contractual terms of the arrangement. Estimated returns are not material in any period presented.

In January 2020, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary and licensed insurance agency Elite Insurance Group (“EIG”), began selling homeowner and auto insurance policies for insurance carriers. The transaction price in these arrangements is the estimated lifetime value (“LTV”) of the policies sold. The LTV represents fixed first-year commission upon sale of the policy as well as the estimated variable future renewal commissions. The Company constrains the transaction price based on its best estimate of the amount which will not result in a significant reversal of

Post-move revenue in a future period. After a policy is sold to an insurance carrier, the Company has no additional or ongoing obligation to the policyholder or insurance carrier.

The Company estimates LTV of policies sold by using a portfolio approach by policy type and the effective month of the relevant policy. LTV is estimated by evaluating various factors, including commission rates for specific carriers and estimated average plan duration based on insurance carrier and market data related to policy renewals for similar insurance policies. On a quarterly basis, management reviews and monitors changes in the data used to estimate LTV as well as the cash received for each policy type compared to original estimates. The Company analyzes these fluctuations and, to the extent it identifies changes in estimates of the cash commission collections that it believes are indicative of an increase or decrease to prior period LTVs, the Company will adjust LTV for the affected policies at the time such determination is made. Changes in LTV may result in an increase or a decrease to revenue. Changes to the estimated variable consideration were not material for the periods presented.

Managed Services Revenue

Managed services revenuealso includes fees earned from homeowners for providing a variety of services directly to the homeowner, includingmainly handyman plumbing, electrical, appliance repair, and moving services. The CompanyWe generally invoicesinvoice for managed servicesservice projects on a fixed fee or time and materials basis. The transaction price represents thebasis as contractually agreed upon priceagreed-upon with the end customer for providing(i.e., the respective service.transaction price). Revenue is recognized as

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

services are performed based on an output measure of progress, which is generally over a short duration (e.g., same day).duration. Fees earned for providing managed servicesservice projects are non-refundable, and there is generally no right of return.

The Company acts

We act as the principal in managed services revenuethese service transactions as the Company iswe are primarily responsible to the end customer for providing the service, haswe have a level of discretion in establishing pricing, and controlswe control the service prior to providing it to the end customer. This control is evidenced by the ability to identify, select, and direct the service provider that provides the ultimate service to end customerscustomers.
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Table of Contents.

Software Subscription Revenue

The Company’s subscription arrangements, which primarily relates

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to subscriptions to the Company’s home inspector software, do not provide the customer with the right to take possession of the software supporting the cloud-based application services. The Company’s standard subscription contracts are monthly contractsConsolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in which pricing is based on a specified pricethousands unless otherwise stated, except per inspection completed through the software. Fees earned for providing access to the subscription software are non-refundable and there is no right of return. Revenue is recognized based on the amount which the Company is entitled to for providing access to the subscription software during the monthly contract term.share data)

Assets Recognized from the Costs to Obtain a Contract with a Customer

The Company recognizes an asset for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer if it expects the benefit of those costs to be longer than one year. The Company has determined that certain costs related to employee sales incentive programs (sales commissions) represent incremental costs of obtaining a contract and therefore should be capitalized. Capitalized costs are included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. These deferred commissions are amortized over an estimated period of benefit. The Company elected to apply the practical expedient to recognize the incremental costs of obtaining a contract as an expense if the amortization period of the asset would have been one year or less.

The capitalized amounts are recoverable through future revenue from customer contracts. The Company periodically evaluates whether there have been any changes in its business, the market conditions in which it operates or other events which would indicate that its amortization period should be changed or if there are potential indicators of impairment.

Amortization of capitalized costs to obtain revenue contracts is recorded as a component of selling and marketing expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

Sales commissions not subject to capitalization are earned and recorded at the time a customer is invoiced as a component of selling and marketing expenses. As a result, such commissions are expensed at the time of invoicing even though the related revenue may not be fully recognized.

The Company had immaterial activity within the deferred commissions balances for the years ending December 31, 2020 and 2019.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of revenue primarily consists of professional feesinsurance losses and materials underloss adjustment expenses, claims personnel costs, warranty claims, third-party providers for executing moving labor and handyman services when we are managing the services model andjob, data costs related to marketing campaigns, certain call center costs, credit card processing, fees, includingand merchant fees. The Company recognizes cost of revenue as expenses are incurred.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

Product and Technology Development

Product and technology development costs primarily include payroll, employee benefits, stock-compensationstock-based compensation expense, and other headcount-related costs associated with product development, net of costs capitalized as internally developed software. Also included are cloud computing, hosting and other technology costs, software subscriptions, professional services, and amortization of internally-developedinternally developed software.

Advertising

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. During the years ended December 31, 20202023, 2022, and 2019, the Company2021, we incurred $2,242$13.9 million, $13.5 million, and $3,716$3.6 million in advertising costs, respectively. Advertising costs are included in selling and marketing expenses in the Company’s consolidated statementsour Consolidated Statements of operations.

Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts

We account for income taxes in accordance with ASCAccounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 740, Income Taxes. Under the asset and liability method specified by ASC 740, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future consequences of differences between the carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases (temporary differences). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are recovered or settled. Valuation allowances for deferred tax assets are established when it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

In addition, ASC 740 provides comprehensive guidance on the recognition and measurement of tax positions in previously filed tax returns or positions expected to be taken in future tax returns. The benefit from an uncertain tax position must meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold and is measured at the largest amount of benefit greater than 50% determined by cumulative probability of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the taxing authority. The Company’sOur policy is to recognize interest and penalties expense, if any, related to uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company issues

We issue stock-based compensation to employees and nonemployees in the form of stock options, restricted stock units, and restricted stock awards. The fair value of stock options is based on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The awards are accounted for by recognizingexpensing the grant-date fair value of the related award over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period. Forfeitures are accounted for when they occur.
We also issue awards which contain performance and/or market conditions. For awards with performance conditions, we recognize compensation expense only if the specified performance condition is probable of achievement. We update our assessment of probability at each reporting period. All compensation expense for performance awards with only market conditions is recognized if the requisite service period is fulfilled, even if the market condition is not satisfied.
The awards are generally expensed on a straight-line basis, except for awards with performance or market conditions which are expensed on a graded vesting basis. Forfeitures are accounted for when they occur. The fair value of restricted stock awards is determined using the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date. The value of market based restricted stock units is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model that utilizes significant assumptions, including volatility, that determine the probability of satisfying the market condition stipulated in the award to calculate the fair value of the award.

Warrants

Upon completion of the Merger with PTAC on December 23, 2020, the Company assumed 8,625,000 public warrants and 5,700,000 private warrants to purchase an aggregate 14,325,000 shares of common stock, which were outstanding as of December 31, 2020. Each warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase 1 share of common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment, commencing 30 days after the completion of the Merger, and expiring on December 23, 2025 which is five-years after the Merger.Warrants

The Company accounts

We account for warrants as either equity-classified or liability classifiedliability-classified instruments based on an assessment of the warrant’s specific terms. For warrants that meet all of the criteria for equity classification, the warrants are recorded as a component of additional paid-in capital at the time of issuance. For warrants that do not meet all the

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

criteria for equity classification, the warrants are recorded as a liability at their initial fair value, and then are remeasured as of each balance sheet date thereafter. Changes in the estimated fair value of the liability for warrants are recognized as a non-cash gain or loss on the statementConsolidated Statements of operationsOperations and Comprehensive Loss in the period in which the change occurred. The fair value

79

Business Combinations

The Company accounts

We account for business acquisitions using the acquisition method of accounting and recordsrecord any identifiable definite-lived intangible assets separate from goodwill. Intangible assets are recorded at their fair valuevalues based on estimates as of the date of acquisition. Goodwill is recorded as the residual amount of the purchase price consideration less the fair value assigned to the individual identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition. The Company allocatesWe allocate the purchase price of the acquisition to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on estimates of the fair value at the dates of the acquisitions. Contingent consideration, which represents an obligation of the Company to make additional payments or equity interests to the former ownerowner(s) as part of the purchase price if specified future events occur or conditions are met, is accounted for at the acquisition date fair value either as a liability or as equity depending on the terms of the acquisition agreement.

Leases
We determine if an arrangement is or contains a lease at inception, which is the date on which the terms of the contract are agreed to, and the agreement creates enforceable rights and obligations. Under ASC 842, Leases, a contract is or contains a lease when (i) explicitly or implicitly identified assets have been deployed in the contract and (ii) the customer obtains substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of that underlying asset and directs how and for what purpose the asset is used during the term of the contract. We also consider whether its service arrangements include the right to control the use of an asset.
Operating leases are primarily for office space and are included in operating lease right-of-use assets (“ROU assets”), accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. The ROU assets also include any initial direct costs incurred and lease payments made at or before the commencement date and are reduced by any lease incentives. ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Payments for terminating a lease are included in the lease payments only when it is probable they will be incurred.
Our leases may include a non-lease component representing additional services transferred to us, such as common area maintenance for real estate. We have made an accounting policy election to account for each separate lease component and the non-lease components associated with that lease component as a single lease component. Non-lease components that are variable in nature are recorded in variable lease expense in the period incurred.
We use our incremental borrowing rate to determine the present value of lease payments, as our leases do not have a readily determinable implicit discount rate. The incremental borrowing rate is the rate of interest we would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term and amount in a similar economic environment. Judgment is applied in assessing factors such as Company-specific credit risk, lease term, nature and quality of the underlying collateral, currency, and economic environment in determining the incremental borrowing rate to apply to each lease.
For operating leases with a term of one year or less, we have elected to not recognize a lease liability or ROU asset on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Instead, we recognize the lease payments as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Short-term lease expenses are immaterial to our Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
Other income (expense)Income (Expense), net

Net

The following table details the components of other income, (expense), net, on the consolidated statementsConsolidated Statements of operations:

    

2020

    

(as restated)

2019

Gain on remeasurement of private warrant liability (Note 3)

$

2,427

$

Loss on remeasurement of Legacy Porch warrants (Note 3)

 

(2,584)

 

(2,090)

Transaction costs - recapitalization

(3,974)

Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt, net (Note 6)

 

5,748

 

(483)

Loss on remeasurement of debt (Note 3)

(895)

(6,159)

Gain on settlement of accounts payable

 

796

 

735

Other, net

 

(274)

 

30

$

1,244

$

(7,967)

Emerging Growth Company Status

The Company is an emerging growth company, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies. The Company has elected to use this extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for publicOperations and private companies until the earlier of the date that it (i) is no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opts out of the extended transition period provided in the JOBS Act. As a result, these consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with the new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates. The Company expects to use the extended transition period for any new or revised accounting standards during the period in which it remains an emerging growth company.

Comprehensive Loss:

84

Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Interest income$3,895$717$33
Gain on settlement of accounts payable— — 175
Other, net(2)(146)132
Other income, net$3,893$571$340 

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

stated, except per share data)

Recent Accounting PronouncementsStandards Not Yet Adopted

In August 2020,November 2023, the FASBFinancial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2020-06, Debt — Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging — Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting2023-07, Segment Reporting--Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires incremental disclosures about a public entity’s reportable segments but does not change the definition of a segment or the guidance for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies accounting for convertible instruments by removing major separation models required under current U.S. GAAP.determining reportable segments. The ASU removes certain settlement conditionsnew guidance requires disclosure of significant segment expenses that are required for equity contracts(1) regularly provided to qualify(or easily computed from information regularly provided to) the chief operating decision maker and (2) included in the reported measure of segment profit or loss. The new standard also allows companies to disclose multiple measures of segment profit or loss if those measures are used to assess performance and allocate resources. The guidance will first be effective in our annual disclosures for the derivative scope exceptionyear ending December 31, 2024, and it also simplifies the diluted earnings per share calculation in certain areas. The ASU is effective for public companies, excluding entities eligible towill be smaller reporting companies, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years.adopted retrospectively unless impracticable. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020 and adoption must be aspermitted. We are in the process of the beginning of the Company’s annual fiscal year. The Company is currently evaluatingassessing the impact of this standardASU 2023-07 on itsour disclosures.
In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires disaggregated information about our effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. The new guidance will first be effective in our annual disclosures for the year ending December 31, 2025, and should be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply retrospectively. Early adoption is permitted. We are in the process of assessing the impact of ASU 2023-09 on our disclosures.
In March 2024, the SEC adopted new rules relating to the disclosure of a range of climate-change-related physical and transition risks, data, and opportunities. The adopted rule contains several new disclosure obligations, including, (i) disclosure on how the board of directors and management oversee climate-related risks and certain climate-related governance items, (ii) disclosure of information related to a registrant’s climate-related targets, goals, and/or transition plans, and (iii) disclosure on whether and how climate-related events and transition activities impact line items above a threshold amount on a registrant’s consolidate financial statements, including the impact of the financial estimates and the assumptions used. This new rule will first be effective in our annual disclosures for the year ending December 31, 2027. We are in the process of assessing the impact on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In June 2016, the FASB issued

Accounting Standards Recently Adopted
On January 1, 2023, we adopted ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,. Additionally, as amended, which replaces the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-04, Codification Improvementsincurred loss methodology with an expected loss methodology that is referred to Topic 326 in April 2019 and ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments —as the Current Expected Credit Losses (Topic 326) — Targeted Transition Relief in May 2019.(“CECL”) methodology. The amendments affect loans,measurement of expected credit losses under CECL is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including loan receivables and held-to-maturity debt securities. In addition, ASC 326 made changes to the accounting for available-for-sale securities. One such change is to require credit losses to be presented as an allowance rather than as a write-down on available-for-sale debt securities trade receivables, net investments in leases, off-balance-sheet credit exposures, reinsurance receivables, and any other financial assetswe do not excluded from the scopeintend to sell or believe that have the contractual rightis more likely than not we will be required to receive cash. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-10, which defers the effective date of ASU No. 2016-13 for smaller reporting companies to fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. In the event the Company no longer qualifies as an emerging growth company, it will no longer qualify for the deferral of the effective date available for emerging growth companies. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU No. 2016-13 on the consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations, and statements of cash flows.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The new standard is effective for non-public companies for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021 and early adoption is permitted. The comprehensive new standard will amend and supersede existing lease accounting guidance and is intended to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and liabilities on the balance sheet and requiring disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements. The guidance requires lessees and lessors to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presentedsell. We adopted ASC 326 using a modified retrospective approach. Inmethod. During the event the Company no longer qualifiesyear ended December 31, 2023, we did not have any credit losses and, as an emerging growth company, it will no longer qualifysuch, we have not presented any allowance. See Note 3, Investments, for the deferral of the effective date available for emerging growth companies. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that adoption will have on the consolidated balance sheets, statements of operations, and statements of cash flows and expects that the adoption of the ASU will increase assets and liabilities related to the Company’s operating leases on the consolidated balance sheets.

more details.

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

stated, except per share data)

Note 2. Revenue

Disaggregation of Revenue

Total revenuesrevenue consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Vertical Software segment
Software and service subscriptions$67,697 $72,777 $57,004 
Move-related transactions40,350 62,317 60,996 
Post-move transactions17,069 19,821 19,150 
Total Vertical Software segment revenue125,116 154,915 137,150 
Insurance segment
Insurance and warranty premiums, commissions and policy fees(1)
305,186 121,033 55,283 
Total Insurance segment revenue305,186 121,033 55,283 
Total revenue$430,302 $275,948 $192,433 

(1)

2020

(as restated)

    

2019

Referral network revenue

$

53,048

$

49,449

Managed services revenue

 

11,579

 

21,888

Software subscription revenue

 

7,672

 

6,258

Total revenue

$

72,299

$

77,595

Management also evaluates revenue based upon when our customers avail themselves of our software, solutions or services. The first category, moving services relates to services that are typically provided to customers in connection with a home purchase and/or homeowner/renter moves. ThisRevenue recognized during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, includes revenue from insurance, moving, security systemsin the Insurance segment of $271.1 million, $83.9 million and TV/internet services. The second category, post-move services, relates to services that are typically provided to customers post-move such as home maintenance projects, repairs, remodeling and other services$26.6 million, respectively, which is accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 944, Financial Services-Insurance, separately from professional contractors or service providers. Moving services represented 69 percent and 47 percent of total revenue in 2020 and 2019, respectively. Post-move services represented 31 percent and 53 percent of total revenue in 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Revenue from Divested Businesses

Total revenue reported includes revenue from divested businesses of $4,334 and $18,336 in 2020 and 2019, respectively.

contracts with customers.

Disclosures Related to Contracts with Customers

Timing may differ between the satisfaction of performance obligations and the invoicing and collection of amounts related to contracts with customers. Liabilities are recorded for amounts that are collected in advance of the satisfaction of performance obligations. To the extent a contract exists, as defined by ASC Topic 606,Revenue from Contracts with Customers, these liabilities are classified as deferred revenue. To the extent that a contract does not exist, as defined by ASC 606, these liabilities are classified as refundable customer deposits.

Contract Assets — Long-term Refundable customer deposits related to contracts with customers were not material at December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Insurance Commissions Receivable

A summary of the activity impacting the contract assets during the year ended December 31, 2020insurance commissions receivable is presented below:

Balance at January 1, 2021$3,529 
Estimated lifetime value of commissions on insurance policies sold by carriers8,089
Cash receipts(2,234)
Balance at December 31, 20219,384
Estimated lifetime value of commissions on insurance policies sold by carriers9,925
Cash receipts(3,788)
Balance at December 31, 202215,521
Estimated lifetime value of commissions on insurance policies sold by carriers6,583
Cash receipts(4,711)
Balance at December 31, 2023$17,393 

    

Contract Assets

Balance at December 31, 2019

 

$

0

Estimated lifetime value of insurance policies sold by carriers

 

4,313

Cash receipts

 

(784)

Balance at December 31, 2020

$

3,529

As of December 31, 2020, $1642023 and 2022, $4.0 million and $3.3 million, respectively, of contract assets areinsurance commissions receivable were expected to be collected within the nextimmediately following 12 months and therefore arewere included in current accounts receivable, net, on the consolidated balance sheets.Consolidated Balance Sheets. The remaining $3,365$13.4 million and $12.3 million as of contract assetsDecember 31, 2023 and

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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
2022, respectively, of insurance commissions receivable are expected to be collected inafter the immediately following periods12 months and arewere included in long-term insurance commissions receivable on the consolidated balance sheets.

Consolidated Balance Sheets.

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

Contract Liabilities — Refundable Customer Deposits

In September 2019, the Company entered into a Lead Buyer Agreement with a customer (“Buyer”) that provides residential security systems. Under the Lead Buyer Agreement, the Buyer pays the Company a referral fee for leads resulting in completed installations of certain residential security systems. At inception of this agreement, the Buyer made a prepayment of $7,000, which is to be credited over the term from October 2019 to September 2022, from earned referral fees for leads provided by the Company. This prepayment represents a contract liability since it is an advanced deposit for services the Company has yet to provide.

A summary of the activity impacting the contract liabilities during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 is presented below:

Contract 

    

Liabilities

Balance at December 31, 2018

$

0

Additions to contract liabilities - prepayment

7,000

Additions to contract liabilities – significant financing component interest

152

Contract liabilities transferred to revenue

(878)

Balance at December 31, 2019

 

6,274

Additions to contract liabilities

 

Additions to contract liabilities – significant financing component interest

 

440

Contract liabilities transferred to revenue

 

(3,521)

Balance at December 31, 2020

$

3,193

As of December 31, 2020, $2,664 of contract liabilities are expected to be transferred to revenue within the next 12 months and therefore are included in current refundable customer deposits on the consolidated balance sheets. The remaining $529 of contract liabilities are expected to be transferred to revenue over the remaining period and are included in refundable customer deposits, non-current on the consolidated balance sheets.

Contract Liabilities — Deferred Revenue

A summary of the activity impacting deferred revenue balances duringin the years endedVertical Software segment is presented below:
Vertical Software Segment Deferred Revenue
Balance at January 1, 2021$5,208 
Additional amounts deferred5,539 
Impact of acquisitions1,170 
Revenue recognized(8,103)
Balance at December 31, 20213,814 
Additional amounts deferred19,421 
Impact of acquisitions137 
Revenue recognized(19,498)
Balance at December 31, 20223,874 
Revenue recognized(16,301)
Additional amounts deferred16,142 
Balance at December 31, 2023$3,715 
Deferred revenue on our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019 is presented below:

2022, includes $245.0 million and $266.8 million, respectively, of deferred revenue related to our Insurance segment.

Deferred 

    

Revenue

Balance at December 31, 2018

$

4,553

Adoption of ASC 606

 

(940)

Revenue recognized

(7,490)

Additional amounts deferred

6,686

Impact of acquisitions

670

Impact of divestitures

(146)

Balance at December 31, 2019

3,333

Revenue recognized

 

(4,923)

Additional amounts deferred (as restated)

 

6,602

Impact of acquisitions

 

196

Balance at December 31, 2020 (as restated)

$

5,208

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

Remaining Performance Obligations

Contracts with customers include amounts allocated to performance obligations that will be satisfied at a later date. These amounts primarily include performance obligations that are recorded in the consolidated balance sheets as deferred revenue.

The amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations to be satisfied at a later date, which is not recorded in the consolidated balance sheets,Consolidated Balance Sheets, is immaterial as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019.

As permitted under2022.

We have applied the practical expedient available under ASC 606, the Company doesexpedients not disclose the value ofto present unsatisfied performance obligations for (i) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less, (ii) contracts with variable consideration that is allocated entirely to unsatisfied performance obligations or to a wholly unsatisfied promise accounted for under the series guidance, and (iii) contracts for which the Company recognizeswe recognize revenue at the amount which we have the right to invoice for services performed.

The Company applied

Warranty Revenue and Related Balance Sheet Disclosures
Payments received in advance of warranty services provided are included in refundable customer deposits or deferred revenue based upon the practical expedient under ASC 606 to exclude amountscancellation and refund provisions within the respective agreement.
At December 31, 2023, we had $17.9 million, $3.9 million and $2.9 million of refundable customer deposits, deferred revenue and non-current deferred revenue, respectively. At December 31, 2022, we had $20.0 million, $4.4 million and $1.9 million of refundable customer deposits, deferred revenue and non-current deferred revenue, respectively.
We incurred $5.5 million and $3.7 million in expenses related to performance obligations that are billedwarranty claims for the years ended December 31, 2023 and recognized as they are delivered.

2022, respectively.

83

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Note 3. Investments
The following table summarizes investment income and realized gains and losses on investments during the periods presented.
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Investment income, net of investment expenses$8,428$1,544$768
Realized gains on investments1132262
Realized losses on investments(256)(392)(129)
Investment income and realized gains, net of investment expenses$8,285$1,174$701

The following tables summarize the amortized cost, fair value, and unrealized gains and losses of investment securities:
December 31, 2023
Amortized CostGross UnrealizedFair Value
GainsLosses
U.S. Treasuries$43,931$95$(330)$43,696
Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions18,281100(961)17,420
Corporate bonds51,678430(2,067)50,041
Residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities25,452153(1,004)24,601
Other loan-backed and structured securities3,69413(289)3,418
Total investment securities$143,036$791$(4,651)$139,176
December 31, 2022
Amortized CostGross UnrealizedFair Value
GainsLosses
U.S. Treasuries$35,637$5$(320)$35,322
Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions11,5492(1,326)10,225
Corporate bonds31,03232(2,837)28,227
Residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities12,79011(1,268)11,533
Other loan-backed and structured securities6,8046(476)6,334
Total investment securities$97,812$56$(6,227)$91,641
84

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
The amortized cost and fair value of securities at December 31, 2023, by contractual maturity, are shown in the following table. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
December 31, 2023
Remaining Time to MaturityAmortized CostFair Value
Due in one year or less$34,620$34,542
Due after one year through five years45,41144,607
Due after five years through ten years25,39723,951
Due after ten years8,4628,057
Residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities25,45224,601
Other loan-backed and structured securities3,6943,418
Total$143,036$139,176
Investments as of December 31, 2023, include $36.4 million of investments held by our captive reinsurance businesses as collateral for the benefit of HOA. Of this amount, $1.7 million is classified as short-term investments, and $34.7 million is classified as long-term investments.
The following table presents investments pledged to the Department of Insurance in certain states as a condition of the Certificate of Authority for the purpose of meeting obligations to policyholders and creditors.
December 31,
20232022
Certificates of deposit$1,266$1,463
U.S. Treasury notes7061,216
1,9722,679
Pledged certificates of deposit of $1.3 million and pledged U.S. Treasury notes of $0.7 million are included in long-term investments on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023. Pledged certificates of deposit of $0.2 million and pledged U.S. Treasury notes of $0.5 million are included in short-term investments, and pledged certificates of deposit of $1.2 million and pledged U.S. Treasury notes of $0.8 million are included in long-term investments on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022.
Expected Credit Losses
We regularly review our individual investment securities for factors that may indicate that a decline in fair value of an investment has resulted from an expected credit loss, including:
the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, including any specific events that may affect its operations or earnings;
the extent to which the market value of the security is below its cost or amortized cost;
general market conditions and industry or sector specific factors;
nonpayment by the issuer of its contractually obligated interest and principal payments; and
our intent and ability to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for the recovery of costs.
85

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Securities with gross unrealized loss position, aggregated by investment category and length of time the individual securities have been in a continuous loss position, are as follows:
Less Than Twelve MonthsTwelve Months or GreaterTotal
As of December 31, 2023Gross
Unrealized
Loss
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
Fair
Value
U.S. Treasuries$(280)$12,345$(50)$515$(330)$12,860
Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions(813)8,445(148)1,639(961)10,084
Corporate bonds(1,698)21,104(369)4,677(2,067)25,781
Residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities(621)8,673(383)3,072(1,004)11,745
Other loan-backed and structured securities(281)2,790(8)52(289)2,842
Total securities$(3,693)$53,357$(958)$9,955$(4,651)$63,312
Less Than Twelve MonthsTwelve Months or GreaterTotal
As of December 31, 2022Gross
Unrealized
Loss
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
Fair
Value
Gross
Unrealized
Loss
Fair
Value
U.S. Treasuries$(127)$10,748$(193)$9,824$(320)$20,572
Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions(929)6,258(397)3,504(1,326)9,762
Corporate bonds(1,623)16,531(1,214)10,328(2,837)26,859
Residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities(687)6,565(581)4,952(1,268)11,517
Other loan-backed and structured securities(359)4,633(117)1,094(476)5,727
Total securities$(3,725)$44,735$(2,502)$29,702$(6,227)$74,437
At December 31, 2023 and 2022, there were 410 and 483 individual securities, respectively, in an unrealized loss position. Of these securities, 80 had been in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer as of December 31, 2023. At December 31, 2022, 218 individual securities were in an unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer.
We believe there were no fundamental issues such as credit losses or other factors with respect to any of our available-for-sale securities. The unrealized losses on investments in fixed-maturity securities were caused primarily by interest rate changes. We expect that the securities will not be settled at a price less than par value of the investments. Because the declines in fair value are attributable to changes in interest rates or market conditions and not credit quality, and because we have the ability and intent to hold our available-for-sale investments until a market price recovery or maturity, we do not consider any of our investments to have any decline in fair value due to expected credit losses at December 31, 2023 or 2022.

86

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Note 4. Fair Value

The following table details the fair value measurements of assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
Fair Value Measurement as of December 31, 2023
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Fair Value
Assets
Money market mutual funds$165,744 $— $— $165,744 
Debt securities:
U.S. Treasuries43,696 — — 43,696 
Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions— 17,420 — 17,420 
Corporate bonds— 50,041 — 50,041 
Residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities— 24,601 — 24,601 
Other loan-backed and structured securities— 3,418 — 3,418 
$209,440 $95,480 $— $304,920 
Liabilities
Contingent consideration - business combinations (1)
$— $— $18,455 $18,455 
Private warrant liability— — 1,151 1,151 
Embedded derivatives— — 28,131 28,131 
$— $— $47,737 $47,737 
Fair Value Measurement as of December 31, 2022
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
Fair Value
Assets
Money market mutual funds$6,619 $— $— $6,619 
Debt securities:
U.S. Treasuries35,322 — — 35,322 
Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions— 10,225 — 10,225 
Corporate bonds— 28,227 — 28,227 
Residential and commercial mortgage-backed securities— 11,533 — 11,533 
Other loan-backed and structured securities— 6,334 — 6,334 
$41,941 $56,319 $— $98,260 
Liabilities
Contingent consideration - business combinations (2)
$— $— $24,546 $24,546 
Contingent consideration - earnout— — 44 44 
Private warrant liability— — 707 707 
$— $— $25,297 $25,297 

(1)

Fair Value Measurement at December 31, 2020

Total 

Level 1

Level 2

    

Level 3

    

Fair Value

Contingent consideration - business combination

$

$

$

3,549

    

$

3,549

Contingent consideration - earnout (as restated)

 

 

 

50,238

    

50,238

Private warrant liability (as restated)

31,534

31,534

$

$

$

85,321

$

85,321

Fair Value Measurement at December 31, 2019

Total 

    

Level 1

    

Level 2

    

Level 3

    

Fair Value

Redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants

$

$

$

6,684

$

6,684

Fair value option notes (“FVO Notes”)

11,659

11,659

Contingent consideration

 

 

 

100

 

100

$

$

$

18,443

$

18,443

Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock Warrants

The Company’s redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants are valued using key equity indicatorsConsolidated Balance Sheets include $14.8 million in accrued expenses and are classified within Level 3other current liabilities and $3.7 million in other liabilities as of the fair value hierarchy. Management estimates the fair value of these liabilities using option pricing models and assumptions that are based on the individual characteristics of the warrants on the valuation date, as well as assumptions for future financings, expected volatility, expected life, yield, and risk-free interest rate.

A summary of key assumptions for determining the fair value of redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants at December 31, 2019 include:

2023, for contingent consideration related to business combinations.

Expected

term

Expected

Expected 

 

    

(in years)

    

volatility

    

Risk-free interest rate

    

dividend rate

Redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants

2 to 9

    

60%

0.23% to 2.11%  

0%

88

(2)The Consolidated Balance Sheets include $1.4 million in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and $23.2 million in other liabilities as of December 31, 2022, for contingent consideration related to business combinations.

87

PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

stated, except per share data)

Financial Assets

Money market mutual funds are valued at the closing price reported by the fund sponsor from an actively traded exchange. As the funds are generally maintained at a net asset value which does not fluctuate, cost approximates fair value. These are included with U.S. Treasuries as Level 1 measurements in the table above. The weighted average expected termfair values for available-for-sale fixed-maturity securities are based upon prices provided by an independent pricing service and risk-free interest rateincluded as Level 2 measurements in the table above. We have reviewed these prices for redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants outstanding at December 31, 2019 is 6.36reasonableness and 1.72%, respectively.

Fair Value Option Notes

As discussed further in Note 6,have not adjusted any prices received from the Company elected to measure certain convertible promissory notes atindependent provider. Level 2 securities represent assets whose fair value in accordance with the fair value option. The FVO Notes are each a debt host financial instrument containing embedded features and /or options which would otherwise be required to be bifurcated from the debt-host and recognized as separate derivative liabilities subject to initial and subsequent periodic estimated fair value measurements under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. The election for these specific convertible notes is due to the number and complexity of features that would require separate bifurcation absent this election.

The fair value of FVO Notes as of December 31, 2019 has been determined using a combinationobservable market information such as previous day trade prices, quotes from less active markets or quoted prices of the present value of the FVO Notes cash flowssecurities with similar characteristics. There were no transfers between Level 1 and the Black-Scholes option pricing model, using the following assumptions the significant inputs of principal value, interest rate spreads and curves, and embedded call option prices.

Level 2.

December 31, 

2019

FVO 

    

FVO 

Note 1A

    

Note 2(1)

Initial principal value

$

2,500

$

3,000

Value upon maturity

$

6,682

$

6,602

Conversion price (per share)

$

6.39

 

N/A

Value of Series B redeemable convertible preferred share

$

14.12

 

N/A

Value of common stock

N/A

N/A

Expected term (years)

 

2

 

N/A

Volatility

 

39

%  

 

N/A

Risk free rate

 

1.58

%  

 

N/A

Estimated fair value of FVO Note

$

5,079

$

6,580

(1)Due to the close proximity to the maturity date, January 24, 2020, the fair value of FVO Note2 on December31, 2019 was determined to equal the value upon maturity, excluding interest to be accrued between December31, 2019 and maturity.

Contingent consideration

The CompanyConsideration – Business Combinations

We estimated the fair value of $1,800 of the 2018 business combination contingent consideration using a variation ofrelated to the income approach known as the real options method. The fair value is based on the present value of the contingent payments to be made using a weighted probability of possible payments. As of December 31, 2020, the key inputs usedFloify LLC (“Floify”) acquisition in the determination of fair value include projected revenuesOctober 2021 and expenses, discount rate of 9.96% to 9.98%, revenue volatility of 18.00% and weighted average cost of capital of 21.50%. As of December 31, 2019, the key assumptions used in the determination of fair value include projected revenues and expenses, discount rate of 15.26% to 16.26%, revenue volatility of 19.00% and weighted average cost of capital of 29.50%.

The Company estimated the fair value of $1,749 of the 2020 business combination contingent considerationtriggered by stock price milestones using the Monte Carlo simulation method. The fair value is based on the simulated market price of our common stock through the maturity date of December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2023, the key inputs used to determine the fair value of $14.0 million included the stock price of $3.08 per share, strike price of approximately $36 per share, discount rate of 27.9% and volatility of 90%. As of December 31, 2022, the Companykey inputs used in the determination of the fair value of $15.5 million included the stock price of $1.88 per share, strike price of approximately $36 per share, discount rate of 10.3% and volatility of 95%.

We estimated the fair value of the business combination contingent consideration based on specific metrics related to the acquisition of Residential Warranty Services (“RWS”) in April 2022, using the discounted cash flow method. The fair value is based on a percentage of revenue over the maturity date of the contingent consideration. As of December 31, 2020,2023, the key inputs used in the determination of the fair value included current stock price of $14.27, strike price of $20.00, discount rate of 9% and volatility of 60%.

The Company estimatedto determine the fair value of $4.4 million were management’s cash flow estimates and the discount rate of 17%. As of December 31, 2022, the key inputs used to determine the fair value of $9.0 million were management’s cash flow estimates and the discount rate of 17%.

Contingent Consideration - Earnout
On July 30, 2020, Porch.com, Inc. (“Legacy Porch”) entered into a definitive agreement (as amended, the “Merger Agreement”) with PropTech Acquisition Corporation (“PTAC”), a special purpose acquisition company, whereby the parties agreed to merge, resulting in the parent of Porch.com, Inc. becoming a publicly listed company under the name Porch Group, Inc. This merger (the “Merger”) closed on December 23, 2020. Upon the Merger, 6 million restricted common shares, subject to vesting and cancellation provisions, were issued to holders of pre-Merger Porch common stock (the “earnout shares”). The earnout shares were issued in three equal tranches with separate market vesting conditions prior to the third anniversary of the Merger. One-third of the earnout shares met the market vesting condition when our common stock had a closing price of greater than or equal to $18.00 per share over 20 trading days within a thirty-consecutive trading day period in the first quarter of 2021. An additional third vested when our common stock had a closing price of greater than or equal to $20.00 per share over the same measurement criteria in the fourth quarter of 2021. The final third never vested as our common stock did not reach a closing price of greater than or equal to $22.00 per share over the same measurement criteria. The earnout contingent consideration period ended December 23, 2023, and the remaining liability of less than $0.1 million was subsequently written off. In prior years, we estimated the fair value using the Monte Carlo simulation method. The fair value ismethod and was based on the simulated market price of the Company overour common stock until the maturity date of the contingent

89

Table of Contents

PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

consideration and increased by the certain employee forfeitures. As of December 31, 2020,2022, the key inputs used in the determination of the fair value included exercise price of $18, $20 and $22,$22.00 per share, volatility of 60%100%, and forfeiture rate of 16%.15% and stock price of $1.88 per share.

Private Warrant Liability

As discussed further in Note 7, the CompanyWarrants

We estimated the fair value of our Private Warrants asthe private warrants using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. As of December 31, 20202023, the key inputs used to be $31.5 million. The estimate is classified within Level 3 ofdetermine the fair value hierarchy. Management estimatesincluded exercise price of $11.50 per share, expected volatility of 95%, remaining contractual term of 1.98 years, and stock price of $3.08 per share. As of December 31, 2022, the key inputs used to determine the fair value included exercise price of these liabilities using the Black-Scholes-Merton Option pricing model using the Company’s$11.50 per share, expected volatility of 90%, remaining contractual term of 2.98 years, and stock price of $1.88 per share.
88

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Embedded Derivatives
In connection with the issuance of senior secured convertible notes in April 2023 (see Note 7, Debt, for more information) and assumptions including, expected volatility, remaining contractual life, dividend yield,in accordance with ASC 815-15, Derivatives and risk-freeHedging – Embedded Derivatives, certain features of the senior secured convertible notes were bifurcated and accounted for separately from the notes. The following features are recorded as derivatives.
Repurchase option. If more than $30 million aggregate principal amount of the 2026 Notes remains outstanding on June 14, 2026, the 2028 Note holders have the right to require us to repurchase for cash on June 15, 2026, all or any portion of their 2028 Notes, in principal amounts of one thousand dollars or an integral number thereof, at a repurchase price equal to 106.5% of the principal amount of the 2028 Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest rate.

to, but excluding, the repurchase date.

Fundamental change option. If we undergo a fundamental change, as defined in the indenture governing the 2028 Notes and subject to certain conditions, holders of the 2028 Notes have the right to require us to repurchase for cash all or any portion of their 2028 Notes, in principal amounts of one thousand dollars or an integral multiple thereof, at a repurchase price equal to 105.25% of the principal amount of the 2028 Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the repurchase date. A summaryfundamental change includes events such as a change in control, recapitalization, liquidation, dissolution, or delisting.

Asset sale repurchase option. If we sell assets and receive net cash proceeds of key assumptions$2.5 million in excess of the Asset Sale Threshold (as defined below) (such excess net cash proceeds, the “Excess Proceeds”), we must offer to all holders of 2028 Notes to repurchase their 2028 Notes for estimatingan aggregate amount of cash equal to 50% of such Excess Proceeds at a repurchase price per 2028 Note equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the relevant purchase date, if any. “Asset Sale Threshold” means $20.0 million in the aggregate, provided that on and after the date on which the cumulative net cash proceeds received by the Company and its restricted subsidiaries from the sale of assets after April 20, 2023 exceeds $20.0 million in the aggregate, the “Asset Sale Threshold” means $0.
The inputs for determining fair value of the Private Warrants at December 31, 2020 include:

embedded derivatives are classified as Level 3 inputs. Level 3 fair value is based on unobservable inputs based on the best information available. These inputs include the probabilities of a repurchase, a fundamental change, and qualifying asset sales, ranging from 1% to 50%.

Expected

Exercise

term

Expected

Expected 

Price

    

(in years)

    

volatility

    

Risk-free interest rate

    

dividend rate

Private Warrant Liability

$ 11.50

5

    

35%

0.36%

0%

Level 3 Rollforward

Fair value measurements categorized within Level 3 are sensitive to changes in the assumptions or methodology used to determine fair value, and such changes could result in a significant increase or decrease in the fair value.

The changes for Level 3 items measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs are as follows:

Redeemable 

Contingent 

Contingent 

Convertible 

Consideration -

Private

Consideration -

Preferred Stock 

Business

Warrants

Earnout

    

Warrants

    

FVO Notes

    

Combinations

    

(as restated)

    

(as restated)

Fair value as of January 1, 2020

$

6,684

$

11,659

$

100

$

$

Additions

 

1,762

 

 

1,749

 

33,961

 

50,238

Settlements

 

(11,030)

 

(8,698)

 

 

 

Change in fair value, loss (gain) included in net loss(1)

 

2,584

 

895

 

1,700

 

(2,427)

 

Gain on extinguishment of debt

(3,856)

Fair value as of December 31, 2020

$

$

$

3,549

$

31,534

$

50,238

Redeemable 

    

Convertible 

Preferred Stock 

Contingent 

    

Warrants

    

FVO Notes

Consideration

Fair value as of January 1, 2019

$

436

$

$

400

Additions

 

6,651

 

5,500

 

Settlements

 

(2,493)

 

 

Change in fair value, loss (gain) included in net loss(1)

 

2,090

 

6,159

 

(300)

Fair value as of December 31, 2019

$

6,684

$

11,659

$

100

(1)Changes in fair value of redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants, FVO Notes, and Private Warrantsare included in other income (expense), net, and changes in fair value of contingent consideration are included in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.

90

Contingent Consideration - EarnoutContingent Consideration - Business CombinationsEmbedded DerivativesPrivate Warrant Liability
Fair value as of December 31, 2022$44 $24,546 $— $707 
Additions— — 23,870 — 
Settlements— (427)— — 
Change in fair value, loss (gain) included in net loss(1)
(44)(5,664)4,261 444 
Fair value as of December 31, 2023$— $18,455 $28,131 $1,151 

89

PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

stated, except per share data)

Fair Value Disclosure

Except for the
Contingent Consideration - EarnoutContingent Consideration - Business CombinationsPrivate Warrant Liability
Fair value as of December 31, 2021$13,866 $9,617 $15,193 
Additions— 8,700 — 
Settlements— (715)— 
Change in fair value, loss (gain) included in net loss(1)
(13,822)6,944 (14,486)
Fair value as of December 31, 2022$44 $24,546 $707 
_________________________________________________________

(1)Changes in fair value option notes (“FVO” notes),of contingent consideration related to business combinations are included in general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. Changes in fair value of the earnout contingent consideration and private warrant liability are disclosed separately in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. Changes in the fair value of debt approximatesthe embedded derivatives are included in change in fair value of derivatives in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.
Fair Value Disclosure
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the fair value of the 2026 Notes (see Note 7, Debt, for more information) was $73.1 million and $238.6 million, respectively. The decrease of $165.5 million is primarily due to volatility of the stock price since December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2023, the fair value of the 2028 Notes (see Note 7, Debt, for more information) was $196.7 million. The fair values of the line of credit, advance funding arrangement and other notes approximate the unpaid principal balance andbalance. All debt, other than the convertible notes which are Level 2, is considered a Level 23 measurement. See Note 6.


Note 4. 5. Property, Equipment, and Software

Property, equipment, and software, net, consists of the following:

    

December 31, 

December 31, 

2020

    

2019

Software and computer equipment

$

1,381

$

1,392

Furniture, office equipment, and other

 

567

 

387

Internally developed software

 

10,741

 

10,601

Leasehold improvements

 

1,112

 

1,295

 

13,801

 

13,675

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization

 

(9,208)

 

(7,017)

Property, equipment, and software, net

$

4,593

$

6,658

December 31,
20232022
Software and computer equipment$8,340 $8,326 
Furniture, office equipment, and other1,573 2,118 
Internally developed software24,526 17,128 
Leasehold improvements1,176 1,178 
Total35,615 28,750 
Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization(18,754)(16,510)
Property, equipment, and software, net$16,861 $12,240 
Depreciation and amortization expense related to property, equipment, and software was $3,786$5.0 million, $4.2 million, and $3,680$4.4 million for the years ended December 31, 20202023, 2022 and 2019,2021, respectively.

Losses due to impairment of long-lived assets, other than intangible assets, totaled $0.3 million, $0.6 million and $0.6 million during 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and are included in product and technology expense

in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)

Note 5.6. Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are stated at cost or acquisition-date fair value, less accumulated amortization and consistimpairment. The following tables summarize intangible asset balances.
As of December 31, 2023Weighted
Average
Useful Life
(in years)
Intangible
Assets,
gross
Accumulated
Amortization
And
Impairment
Intangible
Assets,
Net
Customer relationships8$69,504 $(24,153)$45,351 
Acquired technology536,041 (22,358)13,683 
Trademarks and tradenames1123,443 (6,701)16,742 
Non-compete agreements3616 (455)161 
Value of business acquired1400 (400)— 
Renewal rights69,734 (3,415)6,319 
Insurance licensesIndefinite4,960 — 4,960 
Total intangible assets$144,698 $(57,482)$87,216 
As of December 31, 2022Weighted
Average
Useful Life
(in years)
Intangible
Assets,
gross
Accumulated
Amortization
And
Impairment
Intangible
Assets,
Net
Customer relationships9$69,730$(15,079)$54,651
Acquired technology537,932(16,468)21,464
Trademarks and tradenames1025,071(5,724)19,347
Non-compete agreements3619(407)212
Value of business acquired1400(400)
Renewal rights69,734(2,113)7,621
Insurance licensesIndefinite4,9604,960
Total intangible assets$148,446$(40,191)$108,255
During the first quarter of 2023, we identified various qualitative factors that collectively indicated triggering events including a sustained decrease in stock price, increased costs due to inflationary pressures, and a deterioration of the following asmacroeconomic environment in the housing and real estate industry. We used an income approach to determine that the estimated fair value of December 31, 2020:

certain asset groups was less than their carrying values, which resulted in impairment charges of $2.0 million in the first quarter, primarily related to acquired technology, trademarks and tradenames, and customer relationships for certain businesses within the Vertical Software segment. Impairment charges are included in

Weighted

    

    

Average 

Intangible

Intangible 

Useful Life 

Assets,

Accumulated

Assets, 

    

(in years)

    

gross

    

Amortization

    

Net

Customer relationships

 

7.0

$

8,440

$

(2,173)

$

6,267

Acquired technology

 

6.0

 

12,170

(5,481)

 

6,689

Trademarks and tradenames

 

9.0

 

3,688

(893)

 

2,795

Non-compete agreements

2.0

225

(15)

210

Total intangible assets

 

$

24,523

$

(8,562)

$

15,961

Intangibleimpairment loss on intangible assets consistand goodwill in the Consolidated Statements of the following as of December 31, 2019:

Operations and Comprehensive Loss.

Weighted

    

    

    

Average 

Intangible

Intangible 

Useful Life 

Assets,

Accumulated 

Assets, 

    

(in years)

    

gross

    

Amortization

    

Net

Customer relationships

 

9.0

$

5,450

$

(1,591)

$

3,859

Acquired technology

 

4.0

 

8,546

 

(4,272)

 

4,274

Trademarks and tradenames

 

7.0

 

2,290

 

(591)

 

1,699

Total intangible assets

 

$

16,286

$

(6,454)

$

9,832

91

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

stated, except per share data)

Aggregate amortization expense related to intangibles was $2,858 and $3,697$19.4 million, $23.8 million, $12.3 million for the years ended December 31, 20202023, 2022 and 2019,2021, respectively. Estimated intangiblesThe following table shows estimated future intangible amortization expense for the next five years and thereafter consists of the following:

thereafter.

Year ending December 31,Estimated
Amortization
Expense
2024$18,439
202514,862
202610,201
20279,063
20288,347
Thereafter21,344
$82,256

Estimated

Amortization

    

Expense

2021

$

3,873

2022

2,989

2023

 

2,659

2024

 

1,617

2025

 

1,169

Thereafter

 

3,654

$

15,961

Goodwill

The following tables summarizetable summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill forgoodwill:
Balance as of December 31, 2020$28,289
Acquisitions197,365
Balance as of December 31, 2021225,654
Acquisitions38,064
Impairment loss (Insurance segment)(43,758)
Purchase price adjustments(1)
24,737
Balance as of December 31, 2022, net of accumulated impairment of $43.8 million244,697
Acquisition2,421
Impairment loss (Insurance segment)(55,211)
Balance as of December 31, 2023, net of accumulated impairment of $99.0 million$191,907

(1)During the yearsyear ended December 31, 2020 and2022, we recorded an adjustment to the fair value of net assets previously acquired during the year ended December 31, 2019:

    

Goodwill

Balance as of January 1, 2019

$

21,305

Acquisitions

 

916

Divestitures

(3,657)

Purchase price adjustment

(290)

Balance as of December 31, 2019

$

18,274

Acquisitions

 

10,176

Divestitures

 

(161)

Balance as of December 31, 2020

$

28,289

2021. See Note 6.   Debt

At December 31, 2020, debt was comprised12, Business Combinations, for more information.

During the first three quarters of 2023, management identified various qualitative factors that collectively indicated triggering events, including a sustained decrease in stock price, increased costs due to inflationary pressures, hardening of the following:

    

    

    

Debt 

    

 

Unaccreted

 

Issuance 

 

Carrying 

Principal

Discount

 

Costs

Value

1.0% promissory notes, due 2022

$

8,317

$

$

$

8,317

11.05% term loan, due 2024

41,764

(2,686)

(29)

39,049

Other notes

 

750

 

(133)

 

 

617

$

50,831

$

(2,819)

$

(29)

$

47,983

reinsurance markets, volatile weather, and a deterioration of the macroeconomic environment in the housing and real estate and insurance industries. We performed valuations of the Vertical Software and Insurance reporting units using a combination of market and income approaches based on peer performance and discounted cash flow or dividend discount model methodologies. The goodwill impairment analysis required significant judgments to calculate the fair value of the reporting units, including internal forecasts and determination of weighted average cost of capital. The weighted average cost of capital used in our most recent impairment test was risk-adjusted to reflect the specific risk profile of the reporting units and ranged from 13% to 25%. Management considers historical experience and all available information at the time the fair values are estimated. Assumptions are subject to a high degree of judgment and complexity.

92

The results of the quantitative impairment assessment as of March 31, 2023, indicated that the estimated fair values of both the Insurance and Vertical Software reporting units exceeded their carrying values. As such, we determined that the goodwill allocated to our reporting units was not impaired as of March 31, 2023.
The results of the quantitative impairment assessment as of June 30, 2023, indicated that the carrying value of the Insurance reporting unit exceeded its estimated fair value. As such, we determined that the goodwill allocated to the Insurance reporting unit was impaired as of June 30, 2023. An impairment charge of $55.2 million, which represented the

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

stated, except per share data)

Attotal remaining balance of goodwill allocated to the Insurance reporting unit, was recognized in impairment loss on intangible assets and goodwill in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. The results of the quantitative impairment assessment as of June 30, 2023, indicated that the fair value of our Vertical Software reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by less than 10%.

The results of the most recent quantitative impairment assessment as of September 30, 2023, indicated that the fair value of the Vertical Software reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by approximately 5%.
During our annual impairment testing as of October 1, 2023, we performed a qualitative assessment and determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair value of each reporting unit was less than its carrying value. Therefore, we did not perform a quantitative assessment as of that date.
Based on the results of our 2023 analyses, the remaining goodwill balance at Vertical Software is at risk of future impairment. We continue to monitor our reporting units at risk of impairment for interim impairment indicators and believe that the estimates and assumptions used in the calculations are reasonable as of December 31, 2019, debt was comprised2023. We also reconcile the fair value of our reporting units to our market capitalization. Should the fair value of either of our reporting units fall below its carrying amount because of reduced operating performance, market declines including a deterioration of the following:

macroeconomic environment in the housing and real estate or insurance industries, changes in the discount rate, or other adverse conditions, goodwill impairment charges may be necessary in future periods.


    

    

    

Debt

    

 

Unaccreted 

 

Issuance

 

Carrying

Principal

Discount

 

Costs

Value

10% convertible promissory notes, due on demand

$

7,324

$

(36)

$

$

7,288

6% promissory note, due 2020

 

185

 

 

 

185

2.55% promissory notes, due 2020

 

1,100

 

(41)

 

 

1,059

3.5% convertible promissory notes, due 2022

 

1,689

 

(313)

 

 

1,376

9.0% term loan, due 2023

 

40,500

 

(528)

 

(689)

 

39,283

3% promissory note (25% default), due 2024

3,000

(2,906)

(57)

37

Other notes

 

233

 

 

 

233

$

54,031

$

(3,824)

$

(746)

$

49,461

    

    

Fair 

Principal

 

Value

10% convertible notes recorded at fair value

$

5,500

$

11,659

Note 7. Debt

The following tables summarize outstanding debt as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.
PrincipalUnaccreted
Discount
Debt
Issuance
Costs
Carrying
Value
Convertible senior notes, due 2026$225,000 $— $(3,311)$221,689 
Convertible senior notes, due 2028333,334 (115,353)(4,312)213,669 
Advance funding arrangement94 — — 94 
Other notes300 (13)— 287 
Balance as of December 31, 2023$558,728 $(115,366)$(7,623)$435,739 
PrincipalUnaccreted
Discount
Debt
Issuance
Costs
Carrying
Value
Convertible senior notes, due 2026$425,000 $— $(8,508)$416,492 
Advance funding arrangement15,670 (760)— 14,910 
Term loan facility, due 202910,000 — — 10,000 
Other notes450 (87)— 363 
Balance as of December 31, 2022$451,120 $(847)$(8,508)$441,765 
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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Minimum principal payment commitments as of December 31, 2020,2023, are as follows:

Year ending December 31,Principal
Payments
2024$244
2025150
2026225,000
202715,000
2028318,334
Thereafter
$558,728

Principal

Payments

2021

$

4,799

2022

 

12,234

2023

 

20,346

2024

 

13,302

2025

 

150

Thereafter

 

$

50,831

2026 Convertible Senior Secured Term Loans

During 2019, the Company’s secured term loan hadNotes

In September 2021, we completed a maximum borrowingprivate Rule 144A offering of $425 million aggregate principal amount of $40,0000.75% Convertible Senior Notes due on September 15, 2026 (the “2026 Notes”) at an issue price of 100%, which $40,000 was outstandingincludes $40 million aggregate principal amount of 2026 Notes issued and sold pursuant to the exercise of the initial purchasers’ option to purchase additional 2026 Notes. The 2026 Notes were offered only to qualified institutional buyers (as defined in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”)), pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act. The net proceeds from the sale of the 2026 Notes were approximately $413.5 million after deducting the initial purchasers’ fees and other estimated expenses.
The 2026 Notes are not redeemable at our option prior to September 20, 2024. We may redeem for cash all or any portion of the 2026 Notes, at our option, on or after September 20, 2024, if the last reported sale price of the common stock has been at least 130% of the conversion price then in effect for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during any 30 consecutive trading day period (including the last trading day of such period) ending on, and including, the trading day immediately preceding the date on which we provide a notice of redemption, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2026 Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. No sinking fund is provided for the 2026 Notes.
The 2026 Notes are convertible at an initial conversion rate of 39.9956 shares of common stock per one thousand dollars principal amount of 2026 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $25.00 per share of common stock (the “Conversion Rate”). The Conversion Rate is subject to customary adjustments for certain events as described in the indenture governing the 2026 Notes. We may settle the conversion option obligation with cash, shares of our common stock, or any combination of cash and shares of our common stock. Holders of the 2026 Notes may convert the 2026 Notes at their option (in whole or in part) on or after June 15, 2026, until the close of business on the second trading day immediately preceding the maturity date of September 15, 2026. In addition, holders of the 2026 Notes may convert the 2026 Notes at their option (in whole or in part) at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding June 15, 2026, only under the following circumstances:
during any fiscal quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on December 31, 2019. The secured term loan required interest-only payments until December 1, 2020, or until December 1, 2021, if our common stock price exceeds 130% of the Company metconversion price for at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days at the end of the prior calendar quarter;
during the five business days after any five consecutive trading days in which the trading price per one thousand dollars of 2026 Notes was less than 98% of the product of the closing sale price of our common stock and the then current conversion rate;
upon the occurrence of certain revenue requirements, followed by equal monthly paymentscorporate actions;
upon the occurrence of principal and interest through maturity on December 4, 2023. The loan also included a final payment fee of $500. The stated interest rate in the loan was equalfundamental change, a make-whole fundamental change or any share exchange event; or
prior to the Base Rate plus 4.00%. The Baserelated redemption date if we elect to exercise the company call option.
Upon the occurrence of a make-whole fundamental change or the exercise of our redemption option, we will, under certain circumstances, increase the applicable conversion rate was equalfor a holder that elects to the greaterconvert its 2026 Notes in connection with such make-whole fundamental change or exercise of i) the highest prime rate plus 5% and ii) the highest three-month LIBOR rate plus 2.5%. On May 26, 2020, the loan agreement was amendedredemption (not to include interest paid in-kind (“PIK Interest”) at aexceed 52.9941 shares of common stock per annum rate of (A) from the period beginning April 2, 2020 through May 15, 2020, 2.00% and (B) at all times thereafter 1%.

At December 31, 2019, the Company was in violation of certain covenants under this senior secured lending arrangement. In July 2020, the Company refinanced the lending arrangement which resolved the issues that created the conditions of default. As a result, the lending arrangement was classified as non-current as of December 31, 2019.

In May 2020, the Company was required to use $2,500 of the proceeds received from the Sale of Serviz (See Note 11) to pay down the term loan, resulting in an outstanding original principal balance of $37,500.

In July 2020, the Company refinanced the lending arrangement by entering into a Loan and Security Agreement with Runway Growth Credit Fund, Inc. (“Runway Loan”) in the amount of $40,000, with two additional co- lenders

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one

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

stated, except per share data)

providing an aggregated $7,000 in loan proceeds. The co-lenders, Orix Growth Capital, LLC and Midcap Financial Trust, were the Company’s existing senior secured lenders with a $37,645 loan balance outstanding at the timethousand dollars principal amount of the refinance. The amendments to the loan agreements with the existing senior secured lenders represents a modification of previously outstanding senior secured loans. Unamortized deferred issuance costs associated with the existing lending arrangement were reduced proportionately with the reduction in principal balances for existing senior secured lenders, resulting in interest expense of $749. The new loan, which totaled $47,000, was used to pay off the existing $37,500 loan.

The Runway Loan is a first lien loan secured by any and all properties, rights and assets of the Company with a maturity date of July 22, 2024. Interest is payable monthly in arrears at a variable rate of interest based on the greater of 0.55% or LIBOR rate (as defined) plus an applicable margin of 9.05% plus 2% of PIK interest.2026 Notes). As of December 31, 2020, the calculated interest rate is 11.05%. Principal payments are required beginning on August 15, 2022 in equal monthly instalments through the maturity date. A prepayment fee of 2%, 1.5%, 1% or 0.5%2023, none of the outstanding loan amount is due ifconditions of the loan is repaid prior2026 Notes to early convert have been met.

We concluded that the 1st, 2nd, 3rd or 4th anniversary date, respectively. There is a final payment fee2026 Notes are accounted for as debt, with no bifurcation of $1,645 or 3.5% of any partial payment, which is reflectedthe embedded conversion feature. Debt issuance costs were recorded as a discount ondirect deduction from the loanrelated liability in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and is accretedare amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the loan or until extinguishment2026 Notes. The effective interest rate for the 2026 Notes is 1.3%.
During the second quarter of 2023, we repurchased $200.0 million of the related loan. Upon a default,2026 Notes using the loan is immediately due and payable and bears interest at 5% higher than the applicable loan interest rate. The financial covenants require the Company to maintain a minimum level of cash at $3,000, minimum revenue of $15,356proceeds from issuing new convertibles notes as described in the quarterfollowing “2028 Convertible Senior Notes” section.
Interest expense recognized related to the 2026 Notes was $3.7 million, $5.4 million and $1.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2020,2023, 2022 and 80%2021, respectively. Total interest expense is comprised of projected revenuecontractual interest expense of $2.2 million, $3.2 million and $0.9 million and amortization of debt issuance costs of $1.5 million, $2.2 million and $0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
2028 Convertible Senior Notes
In April 2023, we issued $333.3 million of 6.75% Senior Secured Convertible Notes due in all future quarters.

Based on the amount of cash available upon completion2028 (the “2028 Notes”) in a private placement transaction. We used a portion of the Merger on December 23, 2020, in accordance withnet proceeds from the agreement’s terms, $7,0572028 Notes to repurchase $200.0 million of the outstanding principal balance2026 Notes and to fund the repayment of the Runway Loan was required to be repaid,term loan facility, in each case plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon and prepaymentrelated fees of $17 and $391, respectively. Following this repayment, the carrying value of the Runway Loan as of December 31, 2020 is $39,049. As of December 31, 2020, the Company is in compliance with all covenants of the Runway Loan.expenses. In January 2021, the Company entered into an amendment (the Runway Amendment) to the Runway Loan. See Note 15.

The Company issued warrants to purchase redeemable convertible preferred stock in connection with the establishment or amendment of lending arrangements. The grant date fair valuepartial repurchase of the warrants2026 Notes, we recognized an $81.4 million gain on extinguishment of debt, calculated as the difference between the reacquisition price and the net carrying amount of the portion of the 2026 Notes that was extinguished.

The 2028 Notes are convertible into cash, shares of common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of common stock at our election at an initial conversion rate of 39.9956 shares of common stock per one thousand dollars principal amount of the 2028 Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $25.00 per share.
The 2028 Notes are senior secured obligations, accrue interest at a fixed rate of 6.75%, payable semi-annually in arrears on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on October 1, 2023, and were initially issued inat 95% of par value. The 2028 Notes will mature on October 1, 2028, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding July 1, 2028, the 2028 Notes will be convertible at the option of the holders only upon the satisfaction of certain conditions and during certain periods. Thereafter, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date, the 2028 Notes will be convertible at the option of the holders at any time regardless of these conditions.
Interest expense recognized related to the 2028 Notes was $26.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, including $15.7 million contractual interest expense and $10.6 million amortization of debt issuance costs and discount. The effective interest rate for the 2028 Notes is 17.9%.
Capped Call Transactions
In connection with the establishmentoffering of the Runway Loan was $1,216,2026 Notes, we purchased capped calls from certain financial institutions with respect to our common stock. The capped calls each have an initial strike price of approximately $25.00 per share of our common stock, which was deducted fromcorresponds to the face value of the loan and is accreted to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the loan or until extinguishment of the related loan.

Pre-2019 Convertible Promissory Notes

During 2018, the Company issued convertible notes with an aggregate original principal balance of $16,600, an interest rate of 8-10%, and a maturity date of January 13, 2019.

Upon maturity on January 13, 2019, the outstanding principal and accrued interest automatically converted into 1,173,473 shares of Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock and 70,408 Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants at ainitial conversion price of $14.79the 2026 Notes. The capped calls each have an initial cap price of $37.74 per unit (a unit includes one share of Series B redeemable convertible preferredand expire in incremental components on each trading date beginning on September 13, 2021, and ending on September 15, 2026. The capped calls are intended to offset potential dilution to our common stock and 0.06 of one warrantor offset any cash payments we are required to purchase Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock).

As partmake in excess of the issuanceprincipal amount, as the case may be, with such reduction or offset subject to a cap. The capped calls are subject to adjustments for certain corporate events and standard antidilution provisions.

We paid an aggregate amount of $52.9 million for the capped calls. The maximum number of shares of our common stock that we can purchase under the capped call (assuming no adjustment event) is approximately 6 million. The capped call transactions do not meet the criteria for accounting as a derivative as they are indexed to our own stock. As such, the cost of the convertible notes, the Company incurred $356 of issuance costs that arecapped calls is recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and Consolidated Statements of convertible notes.

In connection with an acquisition on November 1, 2018, the Company issued convertible promissory notes payable to the sellers for an aggregate principal of $7,324. These convertible promissory notes bear interest at 4.5% per annum for the first year and 10% per annum thereafter. Unless converted, monthly payments of principal and interest are due beginning on December 1, 2019. The outstanding principal amount of the convertible promissory notes are convertible

94

Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit).

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

stated, except per share data)

into 537,024 shares of common stock. Accrued but unpaid interest shall be waived ifAdvance Funding Arrangement

For certain home warranty contracts, we participate in a financing arrangement with third-party financers that provide us with contract premium upfront, less a financing fee. Third-party financers collect installment payments from the notes are converted within the first year, and otherwise shall be paid in cash. Unless converted, the convertible promissory notes mature at the earliest of i)warranty contract customer which satisfies our repayment obligation over a change of controlportion of the Company, ii) 10 days aftercontract term. We remain obligated to repay the third-party financer if a qualifiedcustomer cancels its warranty contract prior to full repayment of the advance funding amount we received. As part of the arrangement, we pay financing or iii) three years fromfees, which are collected by the issuance date. third-party financers upfront and are initially recognized as a debt discount. Financing fees are amortized as interest expense under the effective interest method. The implied interest rate varies per contract and is generally approximately 14% of total funding received.
As of December 31, 2019,2023, the Company was in default on these convertible promissory notes as the Company failed to make the first payment due on December 1, 2019. Upon default, the carrying value of the convertible promissory notes of $7,288 was reclassified to current liabilities as all principal and unpaid interest is immediately due in cash upon event of default. In May 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to certain payment terms of the convertible promissory notes, including specific interest only and/or catch up payment requirements based on the future cash balance of the Company at specified dates.

Upon completion of the Merger on December 23, 2020, the outstanding principal balance of $7,317advance funding arrangement is $0.1 million with no unaccreted discount balance. Interest expense recognized related to the advance funding arrangement was $0.9 million and unpaid interest$2.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Line of $516 was paid in full, resulting on a trivial loss on extinguishment.

Credit

In connection with the acquisition of Serviz.com, Inc.HOA on April 5, 2021, we assumed a $5.0 million revolving line of credit (“Serviz”RLOC”) on July 20, 2018 (See Note 11),with Legacy Texas Bank. Outstanding balances under the Company assumed 2 convertible promissory notes with an aggregate principal balance of $1,689 and anRLOC bore interest rate of 3.5% per annum. Unless converted, the convertible promissory notes, along with accrued interest, are payable at the earlierWall Street Journal Prime + 0% and matured on November 16, 2022. The RLOC was terminated with no outstanding balance at December 31, 2022.
Term Loan Facility
In connection with the acquisition of i)HOA on April 5, 2021, we assumed a nine-year, $10.0 million term loan facility with a local bank. As of December 1,31, 2022, or ii) a qualified financing as defined inwe had borrowed $10.0 million on the term loan agreement. The outstanding principal amount offacility. Outstanding balances under the convertible promissory notes and any accruedterm loan facility bore interest are convertible into redeemable convertible preferred stock sold in such financing as defined in the loan agreement, at the option of the holder at a conversion price equal to the original issue price for such series of redeemable convertible preferred stock. On February 28, 2020, 1 of the convertible promissory notes with a principal balance of $1,400Wall Street Journal Prime + 0% and a carrying value of $1,153 converted into 198,750 shares of Series C preferred stock. Holders also received 73,538 common stock warrants. A loss on debt extinguishment of $247 was recorded to account for the unamortized discount at the time of conversion. Upon completion of the Merger on December 23, 2020, the remaining principal of $289 and unpaid interest of $48 were paid in full, resulting on a loss on extinguishment of $285.

2019 Convertible Promissory Notes

During 2019, the Company issued convertible promissory notes with an aggregate original principal balance of $21,600, an interest rate of 10%, and original maturity dates ranging from January 24, 2020 to December 31, 2020.

Based on the terms of the convertible promissory notes, the Company may elect on each applicable interest payment date to pay interest, including any default interest, as Paid In-Kind (“PIK”), whereby such PIK amount would be added to the aggregate principal amount and accrue interest at 10% per annum. On each interest payment date, any PIK amount payable shall be capitalized and treated as additional principal obligations under, shall accrue interest from the applicable interest payment date, and shall become payable in full, in cash, no later than the maturity date.

On December 23, 2019, the Company issued to certain holders of convertible promissory notes, such number of Series C Preferred in full satisfaction of the Company’s obligation under the convertible promissory notes, including accrued PIK interest. The amount of original principal balance of convertible promissory notes and related PIK interest, which were converted into Series C Preferred shares were $16,100 and $971, respectively.

The Company elected to measure certain convertible promissory notes at fair value in accordance with the fair value option (“FVO Notes”). The FVO Notes had original principal amounts of $5,500. The notes also have a feature that requires payment of 200% of the outstanding principal and unpaid interest amount upon maturity. Each period, the fair value of the FVO notes is determined and resulting gains and losses from the change in fair value of the FVO Notes associated with non-credit components are recognized in income, while the change in fair value associated with the Company’s own credit component is recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (“AOCI”). During 2020, there were 0 changes in fair value associated with the Company’s own credit component recognized in AOCI. During the second quarter of 2020, as part of the divestiture of the Serviz business (See Note 11), one of the FVO notes,

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

with an original principal balance of $3,000, was cancelled by the holder. In July 2020, the Company amended the remaining FVO Note. Under this amendment, the loan plus accrued interest would be repaid upon closing of the Merger or within one year from the issuance date, whichever is earliest, with a premium of two times the outstanding principal and accrued interest. Upon completion of the Merger on December 23, 2020, the Note was paid off for $5,974.

2020 Promissory Notes

In April 2020, the Company entered into a loan agreement with Western Alliance Bank pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program established under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) and is administered by the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”). The Company received loan proceeds of $8,139 (the “PPP Loan”). The term of the PPP Loan is two years with a maturity date of December 17, 2029. In April 18, 2022 and bears interest at a fixed rate of 1.00%. Payments of principal and interest on the PPP Loan were deferred for the first nine months of2023, the term of the PPP Loan. Principal and interest are payable monthly, less the amount of any potential forgiveness (discussed below), and the Company may prepay 20% or less at any time prior to maturity with no prepayment penalties, more than 20% will require notice to the lender. The PPP Loan contains customary event of default provisions. As of December 31, 2020, the Company isloan facility was repaid in compliance with all covenants of the PPP Loan.

All orfull by using a portion of the PPP Loan may be forgiven by the SBA and the lender upon application by the Company, if the borrower uses the loan proceeds for eligible purposes, including payroll, benefits, rent and utilities (“Qualifying Expenses”). Not more than 25 percent of the PPP Loan may be used for non-payroll costs. The Company believes that it used the proceeds of the PPP Loan for Qualifying Expenses in accordance with the terms of the PPP Loan. The Company submitted an application for forgiveness of the loan in December 2020. However, no assurance is provided that the Company will be able to obtain forgiveness of the PPP Loan in whole or in part. If the loan is forgiven in part or in whole, the Company will reduce the liability by the amount forgiven and record a gain on extinguishment in the consolidated statements of operations. The carrying value of the PPP Loan is $8,139 as of December 31, 2020.

As part of the July 23, 2020 acquisition (see Note 11), the Company assumed a loan pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program for the amount of $398. The loan has a maturity date of April 10, 2022 and a fixed interest rate of 1%. The loan was forgiven by the SBA in the fourth quarter of 2020.

In July 2020, the Company entered into convertible loan agreement with Cantor Fitzgerald Securities in the amount of $10,000 with the proceeds of the loan to be received upon completion of the Company’s 2019 financial statement audit. This convertible loan agreement was amended in August 2020, to provide for the funding of $5,000 of the loan into a restricted cash account. Upon completion of the Company’s 2019 financial statement audit, an additional $5,000 of loan proceeds was received in October 2020 in addition to the release of the $5,000 loan proceeds held in a restricted cash account.

The loan included a final payment fee equal to 20% of the loan proceeds which was reflected as a discount on the loan and was accreted to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the loan. The proceeds from the convertible loan agreement together, with the final payment fee2028 Notes and the accrued interest were paid in full upon the Merger. The loan accrued 12% interest per annum until the loan was repaid upon the Merger.

At the time of the Merger, Cantor Fitzgerald Securities had the right to elect to receive PTAC Common Shares in lieu of repayment of all or a portion of the loan proceeds, final payment fee and accrued interest. Cantor Fitzgerald Securities chose to receive full payment in cash rather than in PTAC Common Shares.

Upon completion of the Merger on December 23, 2020, the loan was paid off in full in the amount of $12,063, which included $10,000 principal balance, $2,000 final payment fee, and $63 of accrued interest. As a result of the merger, a contingent beneficial conversion feature became exercisable. The commitment date intrinsic value of $564 reduced the carrying value of the loan and increased additional paid in capital. The debt holder did not exercise the

subsequently terminated.

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Other Notes

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

beneficial conversion feature. Therefore, the amount paid to settle the debt was first allocated to the settlement-date intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature associated with the loan, resulting in a net decrease in additional paid in capital of $5,772. The remaining cash payment was allocated to extinguish the debt and interest payable, resulting in a gain on extinguishment of $5,047.

Other Promissory Notes

In connection with an acquisition on November 1, 2018, the Company issued term promissory notes payable to the sellers for an aggregate principal of $1,100 and an interest rate of 2.55% per annum. The outstanding principal balance, along with accrued interest, was payable on May 1, 2020. In Mayin 2020, the Company entered into an amendment to certain payment terms of the convertible promissory notes, including specific interest only and/or catch up payment requirements based on the future cash balance of the Company at specified dates. As of December 31, 2019, the promissory notes had a carrying amount $1,059. Upon completion of the Merger on December 23, 2020, the outstanding principal of $1,077 and unpaid interest of $4 were paid in full.

In connection with an acquisition on March 14, 2017, the Company assumed a promissory note payable to a founder of the acquired entity who continued as an employee of the Company following the acquisition. The promissory note has an initial principal balance of $185 and an interest rate of 6% per annum. The outstanding principal, along with accrued interest, was payable on March 31, 2020. As of December 31, 2019, the promissory notes had a carrying amount $185. Upon completion of the Merger on December 23, 2020, the outstanding principal of $185 and unpaid interest of $75 were paid in full. NaN gain or loss on extinguishment resulted from the payoff of the promissory note.

On December 19, 2019, the Company issued a promissory note for an aggregate principal of $3,000, with a stated interest rate of 3%. In connection with the issuance of this promissory note, the holder also received 403,101 warrants to purchase Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock of the Company. The grant date fair value of the warrants issued was $3,000, and was deducted from the face value of the bank loans and are accreted to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the note or until extinguishment of the related note. Upon occurrence of an Event of Default, the Holder may declare all outstanding obligations immediately payable in cash. Following the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, interest on the Note shall automatically be increased to 25% per annum. On January 1, 2020, there was an occurrence of default resulting in the default interest rate being effective starting on January 1, 2020.

The note was amended in July 2020, which resolved the conditions of default. The amendment provides that the loan plus accrued interest would be repaid upon closing of the Merger, or within one year of the amendment, with a premium payment of $1,000. The Company also provided the holder an additional 51,502 warrants to purchase Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock in connection with the amendment. The amended loan was guaranteed by the CEO of the Company with an asset pledge agreement, which the Company accounted for as a capital contribution by the CEO and a debt discount at fair value. The interest rate and other key terms of the note were not changed.

The amendment was accounted for as an extinguishment of the original note, because the amended note was concluded to be substantially different than the original note. The Company recorded a loss on debt extinguishment of $2,532. The amended note was initially recorded at its fair value of $4,233. The fair value of the guarantee of $300 was deducted from the initial fair value of the amended note and is accreted to interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the note or until extinguishment. As of December 31, 2019, the carrying value of promissory note is $37, and is included in current portion of long-term debt. Upon completion of the Merger on December 23, 2020, the loan was paid off in full in the amount of $4,424, which included $3,381 principal balance, $1,000 final payment fee, and $43 of accrued interest.

On February 11, 2020, the Company entered into a future receivables agreement, in which the Company received consideration of $2,000 and agreed to sell 10% of all of Company’s future accounts receivable from the Company’s

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

customers until an amount ranging between $2,300 and $2,700, depending on timing of repayment, was delivered by or on behalf of Company to the lender. Prior to the required repayment date, the Company repaid $2,000 of principal and $700 of interest, resulting in a full payoff of the agreement and 0 remaining carrying value as of December 31, 2020.

In connection with an acquisition on November 2, 2020, the Companywe issued a promissory note payable to the founder of the acquired entity. The promissory note hashad an initial principal balance of $750$0.8 million and a stated interest rate of 0.38% per annum. The promissory note shall beis being paid in 5five equal annual installments of $150 each, plus accrued interest commencing on January 21st, 2021.installments. As of December 31, 2020,2023, the promissory notesnote had a carrying amount $617.

of $0.3 million.

Senior Secured Term Loans

In conjunction with the issuance of the 2026 Notes in September 2021 described above, all outstanding obligations under senior secured term loans were repaid. These included the outstanding principal of $40.0 million, $2.3 million of final prepayment fees, and $0.5 million of interest and legal fees. A loss on extinguishment of $3.1 million was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Paycheck Protection Program Loans
In 2021, all outstanding loans under the Paycheck Protection Program established under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act were forgiven in whole. As a result, the outstanding principal balance of $8.5 million and unpaid interest of $0.1 million were written off and the Company recorded a $8.6 million gain on extinguishment of debt in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Note 7.8. Stockholders' Equity and Warrants

Shares Authorized

As of December 31, 2020, the Company2023, we had authorized a total of 410,000,000 shares for issuance with 400,000,000400 million shares designated as common stock, and 10,000,00010 million shares designated as preferred stock for issuance.
96

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Common Shares Outstanding and Common Stock Equivalents

The following table summarizes our fully diluted capital structure atstructure.
December 31,
20232022
Issued and outstanding common shares97,06196,406
Earnout shares (1)
2,050
Total common shares issued and outstanding97,06198,456
Common shares reserved for future issuance:
Private warrants1,7961,796
Stock options (Note 9)3,6423,863
Restricted and performance stock units and awards (Note 9)12,0656,230
2020 Equity Plan pool reserved for future issuance (Note 9)8,00911,190
Convertible senior notes, due 2026 ⁽²⁾8,99916,998
Convertible senior notes, due 202813,332
Contingently issuable shares in connection with acquisitions (3)
5,90810,632
Total shares of common stock outstanding and reserved for future issuance150,812149,165
______________________________________
(1)Earnout shares expired on December 31, 2020:

Issued and outstanding common shares

75,519,151

Earnout common shares (Note 1A and Note 8)

6,150,000

Total common shares issued and outstanding

81,669,151

Common shares reserved for future issuance:

Public warrants

8,625,000

Private warrants

5,700,000

Common stock options outstanding - 2012 Equity Plan (Note 8)

6,414,611

Restricted stock units (Note 8)

2,415,140

Restricted stock awards (Note 8)

166,762

2020 Equity Plan pool reserved for future issuance (Note 8)

11,137,824

Total shares23, 2023, without vesting and were subsequently cancelled.

(2)In connection with the September 16, 2021, issuance of the 2026 Notes, we used a portion of the proceeds to pay for the capped call transactions, which are expected to generally reduce the potential dilution to our common stock. The capped call transactions impact the number of common stock outstanding and reserved for future issuance

116,128,488

Total shares of common stock outstanding and reserved for future issuance does not include shares that may be issued by effectively increasing our conversion price from $25 per share to approximately $37.74 per share, which would result in approximately 6 million potentially dilutive shares instead of the shares reported in this table as of December 31, 2023.

(3)In connection with the acquisitions of Floify and HOA, we provided an obligation to issue a certain amount of common stock to the extent specified market conditions are met in the future. Contingently issuable shares are calculated in accordance with the purchase agreement, assuming they would be issuable if the end of the reporting periods were the end of the contingency period. The contingency period for the Floify acquisition ends in December 31, 20202024. The contingency period for the HOA acquisition ended in April 2023.
Repurchases of Common Stock
In October 2022, our board of directors approved a share repurchase program authorizing management to repurchase up to $15 million in our common stock and/or convertible notes. Repurchases under this program were permitted from time to time on the open market between November 10, 2022, and June 30, 2023, at prevailing market prices, in privately negotiated transactions, in block trades, and/or through other permissible means.
During the first quarter of 2023, we repurchased and canceled 1.4 million shares with a total cost of $3.1 million (including commissions). The cost paid to repurchase shares in excess of the par value is charged to accumulated deficit in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
During the fourth quarter of 2022, we repurchased 2.4 million shares with the total cost of $4.4 million (including commissions).
The repurchase of $200 million of the 2026 Notes as discussed ondescribed in Note 11.7, Debt, was done under separate authorization and was not part of the $15 million share repurchase program.

Warrants

PTAC Warrants

Upon completion of the Merger with PTACPropTech Acquisition Corporation (“PTAC”) on December 23, 2020, the Companywe assumed 8,625,0008.6 million public warrants and 5,700,0005.7 million private warrants to purchase an aggregate 14,325,00014.3 million shares of common stock, which were outstanding as of December 31, 2020. Each warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one share of
97

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment, commencing 30 days after the completion of the Merger, and expiring on December 23, 2025, which is five-yearsfive years after the Merger.Merger

.

98

TableOn March 23, 2021, we announced that we would redeem all outstanding public warrants on April 16, 2021, pursuant to a provision of Contents

PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

The Company may callthe warrant agreement under which the public warrants forwere issued. In connection with the redemption, (excluding the private warrants), in whole, at a price of $0.01 per warrant:

at any time while the public warrants are exercisable,

upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption to each public warrant holder,

if, and only if, the last sale price common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20stopped trading days within a 30-trading day period commencing once the warrants become exercisable and ending on the thirdNasdaq Capital Market and were delisted, with the trading day prior to the datehalt announced after close of market on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders and,

April 16, 2021.

if and only if, there is a current registration statement in effect with respect to the issuance of the common stock underlying such warrants at the time of redemption and for the entire 30-day trading period referred to above and continuing each day thereafter until the date of redemption.

The private warrants are identical to the public warrants, except that the private warrants are exercisable on a cashless basis and are non-redeemable so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the private warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the private warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the public warrants. As of December 31, 2020, 5,700,0002023 and 2022, there were 1.8 million private warrants were held by the initial purchases or their permitted transfereesoutstanding. These private warrants are liability classified financial instruments measured at fair value, with periodic changes in fair value recognized through earnings and are recorded as aincluded in the change in fair value of private warrant liability onin the Consolidated Balance Sheets.Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss

. See Note 154, Fair Value, for exercises of a portion of PTAC warrants subsequent to December 31, 2020.

Legacy Porch Warrants

Redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants and common stock warrants that were issued prior to the Merger (“Legacy Porch Warrants”) were cancelled in exchange for 702,791 and 1,705,266 shares of common stock through net share settlement, respectively.

more information.

Detail related to Legacy Porch Warrantprivate warrant activity for the year ended December 31, 2020, is as follows:

 

Redeemable Convertible

 

 

 

Preferred Stock

Common Stock

 

 

Weighted- 

 

 

 

Weighted- 

 

 

Average 

 

 

 

Average 

Number of 

 

Exercise 

Number of 

 

Exercise 

Warrants

 

Price

Warrants

 

Price

Balances as of January 1, 2020

    

965,157

    

$

4.39

    

    

2,095,074

    

$

2.02

Warrants granted

 

209,384

 

5.62

 

 

73,538

 

1.77

Warrants exercised

 

 

 

 

 

Warrants cancelled

 

(1,174,541)

 

4.60

 

 

(2,168,612)

 

2.02

Balances as of December 31, 2020

 

$

 

$

$

99

Number of
Warrants
(in thousands)
Number of
Common
Shares Issued
(in thousands)
Balances as of December 31, 202014,325
Exercised(12,353)11,521
Canceled(176)
Balances as of December 31, 2021, 2022, and 20231,79611,521
There were no exercises or cancellations of warrants during 2023 or 2022.

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

Note 8.9. Stock-Based Compensation

2012

2020 and 20202012 Equity Incentive Plans

Legacy Porch.com’s 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2012 Plan”) provides for the grant of incentive and non-statutory options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards (“RSA”) and restricted stock units (“RSU”) to employees, directors and consultants of the Company (“Service Providers”), collectively referred to as “Awards”.

Each Legacy Porch.com option from the 2012 Plan that was outstanding immediately prior to the Merger and held by current employees or service providers, whether vested of unvested, was converted into an option to purchase a number of shares of common stock (each such option, an “Exchanged Option” equal to 0.4697 of Porch Group, Inc. common stock. Except as specifically provided in the Merger Agreement, following the Merger, each Exchanged Option will continue to be governed by the same terms and conditions (including vesting and exercisability terms) as were applicable to the corresponding former Legacy Porch.com option immediately prior to the consummation of the Merger. All stock option, RSA and RSU activity was retroactively restated to reflect the Exchanged Options.

On July 29,

In 2020, the boardBoard of directorsDirectors and stockholders approved the adoption of the Porch Group, Inc. 2020 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”), subject to approval by Porch Group, Inc.’s stockholders. On. As of December 22, 2020,31, 2023, the Porch Group, Inc. stockholders voted in favor of adoption of the 2020 Plan.

The aggregate number of shares of common stock reserved for future issuance under the 2020 Plan is 11,137,824.8.0 million. The number of shares of common stock available under the 2020 Plan will increaseincreases annually on the first day of each calendar year beginning with the calendar year ending December 31, 2021, and continuing until (and including) the calendar year ending December 31, 2030, with such annual increase equal to the lesser of (i) 5% of the number of shares of common stock issued and outstanding on December 31st of the immediately preceding fiscal year and (ii) an amount determined by the Porch boardBoard of directors.

Directors.

The 2020 Plan provides for the grant of non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance awards (“PRSUs”) and other stock awards and performance awards to our employees, officers, non-employee directors and independent service providers, collectively referred to as “Equity Awards.”
Prior to the Merger, our 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2012 Plan”) provided for the grant of equity awards to employees, directors and consultants. Each option from the Company. The 20202012 Plan became effectivethat was outstanding immediately uponprior to the closingMerger and held by current employees or service providers, whether vested or unvested, was converted into an option to purchase a number of shares of common stock and otherwise continued to be governed by the same terms and conditions (including vesting and exercisability terms) as were applicable to the corresponding former option immediately prior to the consummation of the Merger.
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Stock-Based Compensation

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
The following table summarizes the classification of stock-based compensation expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss:
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Cost of revenue$— $— $
Selling and marketing3,351 4,855 5,584 
Product and technology4,804 5,435 7,223 
General and administrative12,554 16,751 25,784 
Total stock-based compensation expense$20,709 $27,041 $38,592 
Stock-based compensation consists of expense related to (1) equity awards in the normal courseEquity Awards, earnout restricted stock, and (2) a secondary market transaction as described below:
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Secondary market transaction(1)
$$$1,933
Employee earnout restricted stock22,961
Employee awards20,70927,04113,698
Total operating expenses$20,709$27,041$38,592

(1)

2020

(as restated)

    

2019

Secondary market transaction

$

1,616

$

33,232

Employee awards

 

9,680

 

2,740

Total operating expenses

$

11,296

$

35,972

In 2019 Secondary Stock Transactions

In May 2019, the Company’s CEO and Founder purchased2020, certain executive officers entered into a totalseries of 7,559,047 shares of legacysecondary market transactions related to Porch.com redeemable convertible preferred stock from an existing investor for an aggregate purchase price of $4,023 ($0.53 per legacy Porch.com share). The Company determined that the purchase price was below fair value of such shares and as result recorded compensation expense of $33,232 in general and administrative expense for the difference between the purchase price and fair value.

stock.

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

In July 2019, the Company’s CEO and Founder subsequently sold 901,940 shares of legacy Porch.com redeemable convertible preferred stock as an incentive to 11 executives of the Company at the same price at which the shares were initially acquired in the May 2019 transaction, which represents a $2,553 discount to fair value. The Company has the right to repurchase such shares if certain service vesting conditions and performance conditions are not met. In December 2020, the performance vesting conditions were met, and compensation expense of $1,616 was recorded in 2020 related to these awards, of which $689 was related to former employees and immediately recognized, as there is no continued service vesting requirement, and $927 was related to current employees and recognized as a cumulative catch up related to the portion of the service period satisfied through December 31, 2020. The remaining stock compensation related to the award will be recognized over the remaining service period.

Common Stock Valuation

Prior to the completion of the Merger the fair value of Legacy Porch.com common stock used in the calculation of the fair value of the stock options was determined by management with assistance from third-party valuation specialists using both market and income approaches.

Stock Options

Options granted under the Equity2020 Plan and 2012 Plan to employees typically vest 25% of the shares one year after the options’ vesting commencement date and the remainder ratably on a monthly basis over the following three years. Other vesting terms are permitted and are determined by the Board.Board of Directors or the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Options have a term of no more than ten years from the date of grant, and vested options are generally cancelled three months after termination of employment. All
We had no employee stock options issued during the year ended December 31, 2020 were issued under the 2012 Plan.

option grants in 2023. Detail related to stock option activity for the year ended December 31, 20202023, is as follows:

Number of
Options
Outstanding
(in thousands)
Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price
(per share)
Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term (Years)
Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
Balances as of December 31, 20223,863$3.58
Options exercised(20)1.28$9
Options forfeited(34)7.98
Options expired(167)5.32
Balances as of December 31, 20233,642$3.474.6$1,827
Exercisable at December 31, 20233,544$3.304.5$1,827
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Weighted- 

    

 

 

Weighted- 

 

Average 

 

 

Number of 

 

Average 

 

Remaining 

 

Aggregate 

Options 

 

Exercise 

 

Contractual 

Intrinsic 

Outstanding

Price

 

Life (Years)

Value

Balances as of January 1, 2020

 

7,428,682

$

2.21

 

7.3

 

277

Options granted

 

2,202,417

 

4.23

 

  

 

  

Options exercised

 

(439,754)

 

2.02

 

  

 

  

Options forfeited

 

(323,840)

 

2.36

 

  

 

  

Options canceled or expired

 

(2,452,894)

 

2.41

 

  

 

  

Balances as of December 31, 2020

 

6,414,611

$

2.85

 

7.8

$

73,260

Exercisable at December 31, 2020

 

3,472,595

$

2.30

 

7.0

$

73,260

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
The fair value of each employee stock option granted during the years ended December 31, 20202022 and 2019,2021, were estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricingoption-pricing model with the following assumptions:

    

2020

    

2019

Risk-free interest rate

 

0.3 – 0.6 %

1.6 – 1.9 %

Expected term (years)

 

5 – 6

3 – 6

Dividend yield

 

Volatility

 

59 – 60 %

46 – 51 %

Year Ended December 31,
20222021
Risk-free interest rate3.2%0.9 – 1.3 %
Expected term (years)65 – 6
Dividend yield
Volatility60%60 – 61 %
Weighted-average grant-date fair value per share$1.85$8.23
The risk-free interest rate used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model is based on the implied yield currently available in the U.S. Treasury securities at maturity with an equivalent term. The expected term for options granted to employees is estimated using the simplified method. The Company hasWe have not declared or paid any dividends through

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

December 31, 20202023, and doesdo not currently expect to do so in the future. The Company bases itsWe base our estimate of expected volatility on the historical volatility of comparable companies from a representative peer group selected based on industry, financial, and market capitalization data. The Company usesWe use the average expected volatility rates reported by the comparable group for an expected term that approximated theapproximates our estimated expected term estimated by the Company.

The estimated weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted to employees during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, was $2.26 per share and $0.85 per share. The fair value of stock options that vested during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, was $1,785 and $1,779, respectively.

term.

The total amount of unrecognized stock-based compensation costexpense for options granted to employees and nonemployeesnon-employees as of December 31, 2020,2023, is approximately $5,245$0.5 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 0.60.9 years.

RSUs
During 2023, we granted RSUs under various equity award programs. RSUs granted to employees typically vest 25% of the shares one year after the vesting commencement date and Payroll Reduction Program

In March 2020, in response to the adverse impactremainder ratably on a quarterly or semi-annual basis over the following three years. Certain RSUs vest quarterly over three years from the vesting commencement date. The fair value of COVID-19RSUs is determined using the closing price of our common stock on the Company’s operations and financial performance, the Company carried out a variety of measures to reduce cash operating expenses, including the implementation of a partial employee furlough and payroll reduction in exchange for RSUs. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company reduced cash payroll costs by $3,979 in exchange for a commitment by the Company to provide up to 2,356,045 RSUs subject to (a) a performance (liquidity) vesting condition and (b) and ongoing employment until March 31, 2021 (or June 30, 2021, for certain awards) in order to be fully vested. The grant of these RSUs was approved by the Board of Directors in June, July, and August 2020 and 2,356,045 were issued during the year ended December 31, 2020. The performance vesting conditions, which were previously considered not probable of achievement were met in December 2020 as a result of the Merger. As a result, a cumulative catch up of $6,506 of compensation expense was recorded. Compensation cost of $1,605 will be recorded during 2021 over the remaining service period. There was a small number of additional RSU grants during the fourth quarter, which were unrelated to the payroll reduction program. All RSUs issued as part of this program were issued under the 2012 Plan.

date.

The following table summarizes the activity of restricted stock unitsRSUs for the year ended December 31, 2020:

2023:

Number of
RSUs
(in thousands)
Weighted
Average
Fair Value
(per share)
Balances as of December 31, 20225,309$8.21
Granted6,4151.39
Vested(2,303)8.14
Forfeited(1,111)4.40
Balances as of December 31, 20238,310$3.34
The total amount of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense for RSUs granted to employees and non-employees as of December 31, 2023 is approximately $21.6 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.3 years.

    

Number of 

Weighted

 

Restricted 

Average

 

Stock Units

Fair Value

Balances as of January 1, 2020

 

$

Granted

 

2,450,718

3.69

Canceled

 

(35,578)

3.44

Balances as of December 31, 2020

 

2,415,140

$

3.64

RSAs

During 2023, we granted 0.8 million RSAs under various equity award programs with a weighted average grant date fair value of $1.46. RSAs granted to employees vest immediately upon the employee accepting the award. The fair value of RSAs is determined using the closing price of our common stock on the grant date.
100

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
PRSUs
During 2023, we granted PRSUs. We have two types of PRSUs outstanding - awards for which the vesting is subject to both a time-based vesting schedule and either (a) achievement of a market condition only (the “Market Only Awards”) or (b) the achievement of both performance conditions and market conditions (the “Performance and Market Awards”).
The Market Only Awards will be earned if, within 36 months following the grant date, the closing price of a share of our common stock is greater than or equal to various target prices over any 20 trading days within any 30-consecutive trading day period (each a “Stock Price Hurdle”) as defined in the award terms. The requirement to achieve the Stock Price Hurdles meets the definition of a market condition. To the extent a Stock Price Hurdle is achieved, the Market Only Awards vest in accordance with the defined time-based graded vesting schedule, subject to the individual’s employment or service through the applicable vesting date.
The Performance and Market Awards are subject to three performance goals each year over a three-year performance period (each year, an “Achievement Period”):
the price of a share of our common stock must achieve specified compound growth rates over any 20 trading days within any 30-consecutive trading day period during the applicable Achievement Period (the “Absolute Share Price Requirement”), and
we must achieve a revenue target in comparison to the Board-approved budget during the applicable Achievement Period (the “Revenue Condition”). If the Revenue Condition was not achieved in the prior Achievement Period, the target revenue amount for the following Achievement Period is increased from the next year’s budget based on the prior year shortfall.
we must achieve an EBITDA target in comparison to the Board-approved budget during the applicable Achievement Period (the “EBITDA Condition”).
For certain awards, the Achievement Periods in each of 2022, 2023, and 2024, the percentage of the target shares earned varies based on the achieved growth rate during the period, provided that the Revenue Condition is also met for the applicable Achievement Period. The maximum payout of the award is 200% of the target PRSUs for all Achievement Periods.
Therefore, the number of shares of our common stock earned by the grantee will depend on the level of achievement as compared to the target.
Any earned PRSUs will time vest as of the Compensation Committee’s determination of achievement following the Achievement Period in 2025, subject to the individual’s employment or service through the end of the Achievement Period in 2025.
For the Performance and Market Awards, each of the Achievement Periods effectively represents a separate award. The grant date of each annual award is not established until the associated Revenue and EBITDA Conditions have been established via the Board-approved budget for the applicable fiscal year. The requisite employment or service period for each tranche is from the applicable grant date through the end of each Achievement Period in 2024 and 2025. The Absolute Share Price Requirement represents a market condition, and the Revenue and EBITDA Conditions represent performance conditions.
The following table summarizes the activity of PRSUs for the year ended December 31, 2023:
Number of
PRSUs
(in thousands)
Weighted
Average
Fair Value
(per share)
Balances as of December 31, 2022921$4.94
Granted2,8330.93
Balances as of December 31, 20233,754$1.91
The grant-date fair value of PRSUs is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model that utilizes significant assumptions, including volatility, that determine the probability of satisfying the market condition stipulated in the award to
101

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
calculate the fair value of the award. The total amount of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense for the remaining PRSUs as of December 31, 2023, is approximately $2.1 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.9 years.
Employee Earnout Restricted Stock

Upon the Merger 976,331in 2020, 976 thousand restricted common shares, subject to vesting and forfeiture conditions, were issued to employees and service providers pursuant to their holdings of pre-Merger options, RSUs or restricted shares (the “employee earnout shares”). TheDuring 2021, 642 thousand employee earnout shares became fully vested, as the first and second market conditions for vesting were issued in 3 equal tranches with separate market vesting conditions. One thirdfully satisfied as a result of the employeeour stock price and trading activity. The earnout period ended on December 24, 2023. The remaining unvested shares will meet the market vesting condition when the closing price of the Company’s common stock is greater than or equal to $18.00 over any 20 trading days within any 30- consecutive trading day period within 36 months of the closing date of the Merger. An additional third will vest when the Company’s common stock is greater than or equal to $20.00 over the same measurement period. The final third will vest when the Company’s common stock is greater than or equal to $22.00 over the same measurement period. The employee earnout shares arewere forfeited by the employee upon termination of employment. Upon forfeiture, the forfeited shares will be redistributed to all earnout shareholders. Upon redistribution of earnout shares, the awards will be

and subsequently canceled.

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

recorded as new awards. The fair value of the award on the grant date is an average of $12.08 per share and will be recognized as stock compensation expense on a graded vesting basis over the derived service period of 1 year or shorter if the awards vest. During 2020, the Company recorded $314 in stock compensation expense related to the employee earnout shares.

CEO Earnout Restricted Stock

Prior to the closing of the Merger the Company’sin 2020, our CEO Matt Ehrlichman was granted a restricted stock award under the 2012 Plan which was converted into an award of 1,000,0001.0 million restricted shares of common stock upon the closing of the Merger. The award will vest in one-third installments if certainDuring 2021, 667 thousand CEO restricted earnout shares became fully vested, as the first and second market conditions for vesting were fully satisfied as a result of our stock price triggers are achieved within 36-months following the closing of the Merger. NaN third of the restrictedand trading activity. The earnout period ended on December 24, 2023. The remaining unvested shares will meet the market vesting condition when the Company’s common stock is greater than or equal to $18.00 over any 20 trading days within any 30- consecutive trading day period within 36 months of the closing date of the Merger. An additional third will vest when the Company’s common stock is greater than or equal to $20.00 over the same measurement period. The final third will vest when the Company’s common stock is greater than or equal to $22.00 over the same measurement period. If Mr. Ehrlichman’s employment with the Company is terminated prior to the award being fully vested, then the award will be terminatedwere forfeited and cancelled, provided that if Mr. Ehrlichman’s employment is terminated by the Company without cause or Mr. Ehrlichman resigns due to good reason (in each case, as defined in the award agreement), the award will remain outstanding and will vest to the extent the stock price triggers are achieved during the 36-month period. The fair value of the award on the grant date is an average of $12.08 per share and will be recognized as stock compensation expense on a graded vesting basis over the derived service period of 1 year or shorter if the awards vest. During 2020, the Company recorded $322 in stock compensation related to the award.

Restricted Stock Awards

The following table summarizes the activity of restricted stock awards in connection with certain pre-2020 acquisitions for the year ended December 31, 2020:

Number of 

Restricted 

Stock Awards

Balances as of January 1, 2020

472,141

Shares granted

Shares vested

(305,379)

Shares forfeited

Balances as of December 31, 2020

166,762

subsequently canceled.

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

Note 9.10. Income Taxes

The components of the income tax (benefit) provision are as follows:

Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Current:
Federal$— $(483)$1,065
State(399)(644)(205)
Total current(399)(1,127)860 
Deferred
Federal(66)2858,561
State(157)852
Total deferred(223)2859,413
Income tax (expense) benefit$(622)$(842)$10,273
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Table of Contents

2020

(as restated)

2019

Current:

Federal

$

$

State

71

67

Total current

71

67

Deferred

Federal

(1,433)

21

State

(327)

8

Total deferred

(1,760)

29

Provision for income taxes

$

(1,689)

$

96

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
The tax effects of cumulative temporary differences that give rise to significant deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are presented below. The valuation allowance relates to deferred tax assets for which it is more likely than not that the tax benefit will not be realized.

    

December 31, 

    

2020

December 31, 

(as restated)

2019

Deferred tax assets

 

  

 

  

Accrued expenses

$

1,114

$

1,124

Stock compensation

2,469

1,219

Deferred revenue

 

2,036

 

2,066

Property and equipment

 

229

 

176

Intangibles

 

452

 

826

Goodwill

 

1,444

 

1,391

Other

 

8

 

8

Net operating losses

 

50,119

 

40,815

Disallowed interest

 

6,385

 

2,159

Valuation allowance

 

(63,317)

 

(48,499)

Total deferred tax assets

 

939

 

1,285

Deferred tax liabilities

 

  

 

  

Internally developed software

 

(943)

 

(1,319)

Total deferred tax liabilities

 

(943)

 

(1,319)

Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)

$

(4)

$

(34)

December 31,
20232022
Deferred tax assets
Accrued expenses and other$3,721 $1,230 
Unrealized gain/loss on investments811 1,296 
Stock-based compensation2,638 1,626 
Deferred revenue27,599 49,053 
Goodwill9,217 6,378 
Operating lease liabilities793 1,071 
Loss and loss adjustment reserves2,479 16,392 
Net operating losses102,044 100,920 
Disallowed interest9,650 5,676 
Research and development capitalized costs169 521 
Valuation allowance(140,535)(117,568)
Total deferred tax assets18,586 66,595 
Deferred tax liabilities
Property and equipment(98)(87)
Intangibles(1,167)(3,614)
Operating lease right-of-use assets(774)(1,026)
Deferred policy acquisition costs(5,715)(1,907)
Reinsurance balance due(11,491)(59,794)
Internally developed software— (590)
Total deferred tax liabilities(19,245)(67,018)
Net deferred tax liabilities$(659)$(423)
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial accounting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes and the tax effect of the tax loss carryforwards. The Company hasWe have recorded a valuation allowance due to the uncertainty surrounding the ultimate realizability or recoverability of such assets. Management evaluates, on an annual basis, both the positive and negative evidence when determining whether it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets are recoverable and the amount of the valuation allowance. In itsour evaluation, the Companywe considered itsour cumulative losses as significant negative evidence. Based upon a review of the four sources of income identified within ASC 740, Accounting for Income Taxesthe Company, we determined that the negative evidence outweighed the positive evidence. At such time as it is determined that it is more likely than not the deferred tax assets are realizable, the valuation allowance will be reduced. The

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

valuation allowance increased by $14.8$22.9 million for the year ended December 31, 20202023, from $48.5$117.6 million at December 31, 2022, to $63.3 million.

$140.5 million at December 31, 2023.

As of December 31, 2020 (as restated) and 2019, the Company2023, we had net operating loss carryforwards for federal tax purposes of approximately $209.5$425.1 million and $173.5 million and $99.0 million and $68.6$260.4 million for state income tax purposes, respectively, which may be used to offset future taxable income. The net operating loss carryforwards for federal tax purposes generated prior to January 1, 2018, will begin to expire in 20322031, and the net operating loss carryforwards for state tax purposes will beginbegan to expire in 2021.2023. The net operating loss with an unlimited carryforward period is $106.7$321.9 million for federal tax purposes and $15.3$61.3 million for state tax purposes. Utilization of net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards are subject to certain limitations under Section 382Sections 382–384 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, in the event of a change in the Company’sour ownership, as defined in current income tax regulations.

We have determined that we have experienced a limited number of ownership changes in our history but do

103

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
not expect the resulting limitations to impose any significant constraints on the benefit of its tax attributes. Additional ownership changes may occur in the future.
A reconciliation of the income tax (benefit) provision to the amounts computed by applying the statutory federal income tax rate to earnings before income taxes is shown as follows:

2020

(as restated)

2019

Tax computed at federal statutory rate

$

(11,702)

$

(21,677)

State tax, net of federal tax benefit

 

(2,097)

 

(1,475)

Other

 

803

 

515

Loss on disposition

 

 

1,049

Compensation

 

(972)

 

6,507

Debt transactions

 

(824)

 

2,145

Enacted tax rate changes

 

(159)

 

(119)

Return to provision

 

(502)

 

(991)

Valuation allowance

 

13,764

 

14,142

Total provision (benefit) for income taxes

$

(1,689)

$

96

Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Tax computed at federal statutory rate$27,995$32,701$24,492
State tax, net of federal tax benefit1,9344,8795,531
Loss on impairment(4,775)(3,836)
Equity compensation(3,311)(3,939)12,821
Officer compensation(15)(860)(5,306)
Debt transactions(1,591)4,808 (1,791)
Enacted tax rate changes(2,061)90123
Return to provision4,816 (6,533)(648)
Valuation allowance(23,453)(27,724)(25,296)
Other(161)(428)347 
Income tax benefit (expense)$(622)$(842)$10,273
The U.S. federal statutory tax rate is 21%, while the Company’sour effective tax rate for 2020 (as restated)2023, 2022, and 2021 was 3.0%(0.5)%, (0.5)%, and 2019 was -0.1%.8.8%, respectively. The difference for all years is due primarily to the tax benefit of pre-tax book losses being offset by valuation allowance. The Company also recorded a deferred tax benefit, resulting from the release of a portion of the valuation allowance due to deferred tax liabilities created by certain current year acquisitions.

The Company filesallowance.

We file federal and state income tax returns. The Company is subjectWe are not currently under examination but are open to income tax examinationsaudit by federalthe I.R.S. and various state tax authorities for tax years beginning in 2017 and 2015, based on the respective statutes2012. The resolutions of limitations. Further,any examinations are not expected to the extent allowed by law, the taxing authorities may have the rightbe material to examine prior originating periods due to the existencethese financial statements. As of net operating loss and tax credit carryforwardsDecember 31, 2023, there are no penalties or accrued interest recorded in the years that they are utilized.

The Companyfinancial statements.

We had 0 unrecognizedno uncertain tax positionsposition reserves as of December 31, 20202023 and 2019.

2022.

On August 16, 2022, the U.S. enacted the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. Based upon our analysis of the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 and subsequently released guidance, we do not believe that its provisions will have a material impact on our financial statements.
For tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2022, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“TCJA”) eliminates the option to currently deduct research and development expenses and requires taxpayers to capitalize and amortize them over five years for research activities performed in the United States and 15 years for research activities performed outside the United States pursuant to IRC Section 174. Although Congress is considering legislation that would repeal or defer this capitalization and amortization requirement, it is not certain that this provision will be repealed or otherwise modified.

Note 10.11. 401(k) Savings Plan

Effective November 1, 2014, the Company established a

We have multiple defined contribution savings planplans under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. This plan coversThese plans cover substantially all domestic employees who meet minimum age and service requirements and allows participants to defer a portion of their annual compensation on a pre-tax basis. CompanyEmployer contributions to the planplans may be made at the discretion of the Board. As ofFor the years ended December 31, 2020 the Company had 0t2023, 2022 and 2021 we made $0.3 million, $0.8 million, and $0.6 million of contributions, to the plan since its inception.

respectively.

105


104

PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

stated, except per share data)

Note 11.12. Business Combinations

During 2023, 2022, and Disposals

During 2020 and 2019, the Company2021, we completed several business combination transactions. The purpose of each of the acquisitions werewas to expand the scope and nature of the Company’sour product and service offerings, obtain new customer acquisition channels, add additional team members with important skillsets, and realize synergies. The aggregate transaction costs associated with these transactions were $247$0.1 million, $2.1 million and $123$5.4 million during 2020the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2019,2021, respectively, and are included in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statementsConsolidated Statements of operations.Operations and Comprehensive Loss. The results of operations for each acquisition are included in the Company’sour consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition onwards.

2020 Acquisitions and Disposals

The acquisitions are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of the date of the acquisition. The fair values assigned to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on management’s estimates and assumptionsassumptions.

2023 Acquisitions
The acquisitions of the Florida and California operations of Residential Warranty Services (“RWS”) were closed on March 17, 2023. All other RWS operations were acquired in 2022 as discussed below. We paid approximately $2.1 million in cash to acquire $0.2 million of cash and current assets and $0.2 million of customer relationships with an estimated useful life of three years. The estimated value of the customer relationships intangible asset was calculated using the income approach and may be subject to change as additional information is received.
The primary areas that remain preliminary relate to the fair valuesaggregate transaction costs of intangible assets acquired, certain tangible assets and liabilities acquired,$0.1 million are primarily comprised of legal and other contingencies asdue diligence fees and are included in general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of the acquisition date, incomeOperations and non-income-based taxes and residual goodwill.Comprehensive Loss. The Company expects to finalize the valuation as soon as practicable, but not later than one year from the acquisition date.

Pro forma results of operations have not been presented because the effects of 2020 acquisitions, individually andfor each acquisition are included in the aggregate, were not material toInsurance segment in our consolidated resultsfinancial statements from the date of operations.

acquisition onwards.

106

2022 Acquisitions

Table of Contents

PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

The following table summarizes the total consideration and the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for business combinations made byduring 2022:

Weighted Average Useful Life (in years)RWSOtherTotal
Purchase consideration:
Cash$25,572 $13,763 $39,335 
Issuance of common stock3,552 — 3,552 
Holdback liabilities and amounts in escrow1,000 1,500 2,500 
Contingent consideration - liability-classified8,700 — 8,700 
Total purchase consideration:$38,824 $15,263 $54,087 
Assets:
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$2,030 $256 $2,286 
Current assets525 532 
Property and equipment497 — 497 
Operating lease right-of-use assets871 — 871 
Intangible assets:
Customer relationships813,860 2,750 16,610 
Acquired technology5500 1,480 1,980 
Trademarks and tradenames9400 200 600 
Non-competition agreements7180 20 200 
Goodwill27,366 10,698 38,064 
Total assets acquired46,229 15,411 61,640 
Current liabilities(6,869)(148)(7,017)
Operating lease liabilities, non-current(536)— (536)
Net assets acquired$38,824 $15,263 $54,087 
105

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
RWS
On April 1, 2022, we entered into a stock and membership interest purchase agreement with RWS to acquire its home warranty and inspection software and services businesses. On this date, we completed the Company duringacquisition of substantially all of RWS’ operations except for those in Florida and California, which were acquired in 2023. The aggregate consideration, subject to certain closing adjustments, for the year ended December 31, 2020:

Weighted Average Useful Life (in years)

    

July 23, 2020 Acquisition

    

December 31, 2020 Acquisition

    

Other Acquisitions

    

Total

Purchase consideration:

Cash

$

2,000

$

6,003

$

325

$

8,328

Issuance of common stock

1,790

4,711

358

6,859

Deferred acquisition consideration

80

80

Notes payable

607

607

Contingent consideration

1,749

1,749

Total purchase consideration:

$

3,790

$

12,463

$

1,370

$

17,623

Assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

$

382

$

119

$

36

$

537

Current assets

554

212

7

773

Property and equipment

212

44

2

258

Intangible assets:

Customer relationships

5.0

740

2,400

3,140

Acquired technology

9.0

470

3,700

300

4,470

Trademarks and tradenames

13.0

670

600

240

1,510

Non-competition agreements

2.0

70

155

225

Goodwill

1,576

7,242

1,358

10,176

Total assets acquired

4,674

14,472

1,943

21,089

Current liabilities

(884)

(322)

(527)

(1,733)

Deferred tax liabilities, net

(1,687)

(46)

(1,733)

Net assets acquired

$

3,790

$

12,463

$

1,370

$

17,623

July 23, 2020 Acquisition

On July 23, 2020, the Company acquired a moving services technology company. 2022 RWS acquisitions was $38.8 million, including $25.6 million in cash, $1.0 million held in escrow for two years to satisfy potential indemnifications, $3.6 million of our common stock, and $8.7 million in contingent consideration based on specific metrics.

The purpose of the acquisition wasis to expand the scope and nature of our service offerings, add addition team members with important skillsets, and realize synergies. Goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.
The following table summarizes the Company’sfair value of the intangible assets of RWS as of the date of the acquisition:
Fair
Value
Estimated
Useful Life
(in years)
Intangible assets:
Customer relationships$13,8608
Acquired technology5003
Trademarks and tradenames4009
Non-competition agreements1807
$14,940 
The weighted-average amortization period for the acquired intangible assets is 7.7 years.
The estimated fair value of the customer related intangible assets was calculated through the income approach using the multi-period excess earnings methodology. The estimated fair value of the trademarks and tradenames were calculated through the income approach using the relief from royalty methodology. The estimated fair value of the acquired internally developed and used technology was derived using the cost approach considering the estimated costs to replicate existing software. The estimated fair value of the non-competition agreement was calculated through the income approach using the with and without method over the contractual term of the agreement.
Other Acquisitions
During 2022, we completed one or more acquisitions which were not material to the consolidated financial statements. The purpose of any such acquisition, may include without limitation, to expand the scope and nature of our services offerings, add additional team members with important skillsets, and/or realize synergies. Goodwill of $10.7 million is deductible for tax purposes.
Pro forma results of operations have not been presented because the effects of 2022 acquisitions, individually and in the aggregate, were not material to our consolidated results of operations.
106

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
2021 Acquisitions
The following table summarizes the total consideration and the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for business combinations during 2021:
Weighted Average Useful Life (in years)V12 DataHOARynohAHPFloifyOther AcquisitionsTotal
Purchase consideration:
Cash$20,196 $84,370 $32,302 $43,750 $75,959 $27,121 $283,698 
Issuance of common stock— 22,773 — — 9,908 3,026 35,707 
Holdback liabilities and amounts in escrow150 1,000 3,500 2,500 900 1,775 9,825 
Contingent consideration - equity-classified— 6,685 — — — — 6,685 
Contingent consideration - liability-classified1,410 — — — 8,632 327 10,369 
Total purchase consideration:$21,756 $114,828 $35,802 $46,250 $95,399 $32,249 $346,284 
Assets:
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash$1,035 $17,766 $408 $5,078 $1,508 $1,473 $27,268 
Current assets4,939 235,669 932 8,221 221 1,795 251,777 
Property and equipment996 615 334 17 87 80 2,129 
Operating lease right-of-use assets1,383 1,258 159 913 731 445 4,889 
Intangible assets:
Customer relationships91,650 16,700 12,700 — 7,000 10,320 48,370 
Acquired technology43,525 — 2,800 — 28,300 1,340 35,965 
Trademarks and tradenames121,225 12,200 900 700 6,025 650 21,700 
Non-competition agreements240 — 90 — 40 55 225 
Value of business acquired7— 400 — — — — 400 
Renewal rights8— 7,692 — 2,042 — — 9,734 
Trademarks and tradenamesIndefinite— — — — — 4,750 4,750 
Insurance licensesIndefinite— 4,960 — — — — 4,960 
Goodwill16,708 45,370 22,051 45,681 53,056 14,499 197,365 
Other non-current assets— 55,165 — 25 — 55,193 
Total assets acquired31,501 397,795 40,374 62,677 96,968 35,410 664,725 
Current liabilities(6,871)(269,460)(517)(15,487)(1,014)(2,485)(295,834)
Operating lease liabilities, non-current(848)(898)(72)(685)(555)(204)(3,262)
Long term liabilities(2,026)(7,434)— (79)— (46)(9,585)
Deferred tax liabilities, net— (5,175)(3,983)(176)— (426)(9,760)
Net assets acquired$21,756 $114,828 $35,802 $46,250 $95,399 $32,249 $346,284 
V12 Data
On January 12, 2021, we acquired V12 Data, an omnichannel marketing platform. The purpose of the acquisition is to expand the scope and nature of our service offerings, add additional team members with important skillsets, and realize synergies. We expect $1,576acquired V12 Data for $20.3 million cash with an additional $1.4 million as contingent consideration. The contingent consideration is based on the achievement of acquired goodwillcertain Revenue and EBITDA milestones over the two succeeding years and is paid in cash or common stock at our discretion. The consideration was paid to bethe sellers in exchange for net assets of $21.8 million. Goodwill is deductible for income tax purposes.

Acquisition-related costs of $0.8 million are included in general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the year ended December 31, 2020 Acquisition

2021.

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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
The following table summarizes the fair value of the intangible assets of V12 Data as of the date of the acquisition:
Fair
Value
Estimated
Useful Life
(in years)
Intangible assets:
Customer relationships$1,65010
Acquired technology3,5254
Trademarks and tradenames1,22515
Non-competition agreements402
$6,440
The weighted-average amortization period for the acquired intangible assets is 7.6 years.
The estimated fair value of the customer relationships intangible asset was calculated through the income approach using the multi-period excess earnings methodology. The estimated fair value of the trademarks and tradenames as well as acquired technology intangible assets were calculated through the income approach using the relief from royalty methodology. The estimated fair value of the non-competition agreement is derived using the with and without method over the contractual term of the agreement.
HOA
On December 31, 2020, the CompanyApril 5, 2021, we acquired iRoofing LLC, a roofing software company.HOA. The purpose of the acquisition wasis to expand the scope and nature of our product offerings, add additional team members with important skillsets, and operate as a full-service insurance carrier in 15 states at the Company’s servicetime of the acquisition. Total consideration related to this transaction included $114.8 million, consisting of $84.1 million in cash, $22.8 million in Porch common stock, and acquisition hold backs and contingent consideration of $7.7 million. An additional $0.3 million related to the final working capital adjustment was paid to the sellers in the third quarter of 2021. Goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes. Acquisition-related costs of $1.9 million were primarily for legal and due-diligence related fees and are included in general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the year ended December 31, 2021.
The following table summarizes the fair value of the intangible assets of HOA as of the date of the acquisition:
Fair
Value
Estimated
Useful Life
(in years)
Intangible assets:
Customer relationships$16,70010
Trademarks and tradenames12,20010
Business acquired4001
Renewal rights7,6928
Insurance licenses4,960Indefinite
$41,952
The weighted-average amortization period for the acquired intangible assets is 9.5 years.
The fair value of customer relationships was estimated through the income approach using the multi-period excess earnings methodology. The fair value of trade name and trademarks was estimated through the income approach using the relief from royalty methodology. The business acquired was valued using the income approach based on estimates of expected future losses and expenses associated with the policies that were in-force as of the closing date of the transaction compared to the future premium remaining to be earned. Renewal rights asset was estimated through the income approach based on premium forecast and cash flows from the renewal policies modeled over the life of the renewals. The insurance licenses were valued using the market approach.
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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Rynoh
On May 20, 2021, we acquired Segin Systems, Inc. (“Rynoh”), a software and data analytics company that supports financial management and fraud prevention primarily for the title and real estate industries. The purpose of the acquisition is to expand the scope and nature of our product offerings, add additional team members with important skillsets, and realize synergies. As partTotal consideration related to this transaction includes $35.8 million, consisting of the consideration, 300,000 shares$32.3 million in cash paid at closing, and acquisition hold backs of commons stock issued have a guarantee of $20.00 per share. The contingent consideration would equal approximately 123,000 additional shares of common stock at the time of the acquisition. The goodwill associated with the acquisition$3.5 million. Goodwill is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.

Acquisition-related costs of $0.2 million were primarily for legal and due-diligence related fees and are included in general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The following table summarizes the fair value of the intangible assets of Rynoh as of the date of the acquisition:
Fair
Value
Estimated
Useful Life
(in years)
Intangible assets:
Customer relationships$12,70010
Acquired technology2,8007
Trademarks and tradenames90020
Non-competition agreements901
$16,490
The weighted-average amortization period for the acquired intangible assets is 10 years.
The fair value of customer relationships was estimated through the income approach using the multi-period excess earnings methodology. The fair value of trade name and trademarks, as well as acquired technology was estimated through the income approach using the relief from royalty methodology. The fair value of the non-competition agreement is derived using the with and without method over the contractual term of the agreement.
American Home Protect
On September 9, 2021, we acquired American Home Protect (“AHP”), a company providing home warranty policies. The purpose of the acquisition is to expand the scope and nature of our product offerings, add additional team members with important skillsets, and realize synergies. Total consideration related to this transaction includes $46.3 million, consisting of $43.8 million in cash paid at closing, and acquisition hold backs of $2.5 million. Acquisition-related costs of $0.5 million are included in general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Since the acquisition date of AHP, we finalized the preliminary estimated fair value of AHP assets acquired and liabilities assumed. As a result, in the year ended December 31, 2022, we recorded a net increase to goodwill of approximately $23.8 million attributed to increases in current liabilities and net decreases in current assets.
The following table summarizes the fair value of the intangible assets of AHP as of the date of the acquisition:
Fair
Value
Estimated
Useful Life
(in years)
Intangible assets:
Renewal rights$2,0426
Trademarks and tradenames70010
$2,742
The weighted-average amortization period for the acquired intangible assets is 7.0 years.
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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Renewal rights asset was estimated through the income approach based on forecast and cash flows from the renewal policies modeled over the life of the renewals. The fair value of trade name and trademarks was estimated through the income approach using the relief from royalty methodology.
Floify
On October 27, 2021, we acquired Floify, a company providing digital mortgage automation and point-of-sale software for mortgage companies and loan officers. The purpose of the acquisition is to expand the scope and nature of our product offerings, add additional team members with important skillsets, and realize synergies. Total consideration related to this transaction includes $95.4 million, consisting of $76.0 million in cash, $9.9 million of our common stock, $0.9 million in acquisition hold backs and a guarantee that our common stock will double in value by the end of 2024 with respect to any such common shares retained by the sellers throughout the period. The guarantee requires us to provide additional shares of common stock or cash to sellers if the stock does not double in value. The value of the guarantee at acquisition date was estimated to be $8.6 million. Acquisition-related costs of $0.4 million are included in general and administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the year ended December 31, 2021.
The following table summarizes the fair value of the intangible assets of Floify as of the date of the acquisition:
Fair
Value
Estimated
Useful Life
(in years)
Intangible assets:
Customer relationships$7,0004
Acquired technology28,3004
Trademarks and tradenames6,02515
Non-competition agreements403
$41,365
The weighted-average amortization period for the acquired intangible assets is 5.6 years.
The fair value of customer relationships and non-competition agreements, was estimated through the with-and-without method based on a comparison of the prospective revenues or expenses for the business with and without these intangible assets in place. The fair value of trade name and trademarks, was estimated through the income approach using the relief from royalty methodology. The fair value of the acquired technology was estimated through the multi-period excess earnings method.
Revenue and Net Loss Information Related to 2021 Acquisitions
Revenue from these five acquisitions included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss through December 31, 2021 is $79.6 million. Net loss included in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss from these acquisitions through December 31, 2021 is $1.8 million.
Other Acquisitions

In the third quarter of 2020, the Company

During 2021, we completed two other acquisitions that arewhich were not individually or in aggregated material to the consolidated financial statements. The purpose of thesethe acquisitions was to expand the scope and nature of the Company’sour service offerings, add additional team members with important skillsets, and realize synergies. The transaction costs associated with this acquisitionthese acquisitions were trivial. We expect $222 of acquired goodwill for one of the acquisitions to be deductible for

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

income tax purposes. The goodwill associated with another acquisition is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.

2020 Disposal

On May 29, 2020, the Company disposed of the Serviz business. At the same time, the Company entered into a revenue transaction with the buyer of Serviz that will be satisfied over a one-year service period. In consideration for both the Serviz business and the revenue transaction, the Company received $5,000 in cash and the buyer cancelled the Company’s convertible promissory note which was recorded under the FVO and had a fair value at the time of the transaction of $2,724. The consideration allocated to the revenue transaction based on the fair value of services to be delivered is $5,000. The remainder of the consideration, was determined to be consideration for Serviz. Serviz had net assets of approximately $1,282. The Company recorded a gain of $1,442 included in the gain on divestiture of businesses in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020.

2019 Acquisitions and Disposals

The Company acquired a business that connects new homebuyers to utility companies, for aggregate consideration of $479 which included definite-lived intangible assets of $340, net liabilities of $830 and goodwill of $969. The purpose of the acquisition was to expand the scope and nature of the Company’s product and service offerings, obtain new customer acquisition channels, add additional team members with important skillsets, and realize synergies. The transaction costs associated with this acquisition were $123$1.6 million and are included in general and administrative expenses on the consolidated statementsConsolidated Statements of operations. The acquisition was not material to the consolidated financial statements.

The Company divested of a companyOperations and as a part of the transaction, received 23,488 shares of Porch’s common stock. The Company recorded a $4,508 loss upon disposal in loss on divestiture of businesses in the consolidated statements of operationsComprehensive Loss for the year ended December 31, 2019.2021. Goodwill of $3.5 million is not deductible for tax purposes, while goodwill of $11.0 million is deductible for tax purposes.


Note 13. Leases
We lease office facilities from unrelated parties under operating lease agreements that have initial terms ranging from 1 to 5 years. Some leases include one or more options to renew, generally at our sole discretion, with renewal terms that can extend the lease term up to 10 additional years. In addition, certain leases contain termination options, where the rights to
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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
terminate are held by either us, the lessor, or both parties. These options to extend or terminate a lease are included in the lease terms when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Our leases generally do not contain any material restrictive covenants.
Operating lease cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The components of lease expense are as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Operating lease cost$2,123$2,621$2,155
Variable lease cost129254339
$2,252$2,875$2,494

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Cash paid for amounts included in measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash outflows for operating leases$1,854$2,082$2,141
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new lease obligations:
Operating leases$807$6,835$6,365

The following table presents lease-related assets and liabilities recorded on the balance sheet.
December 31,
Financial Statement Line Item20232022
Operating lease right-of-use assetsOther assets$3,209$4,201
Operating lease liabilities, current
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities$1,669$1,810
Operating lease liabilities, non-currentOther liabilities1,6302,536
Total operating lease liabilities$3,299$4,346

Other information related to operating leases is as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Weighted average remaining lease term2.6 years2.9 years2.1 years
Weighted average discount rate8.6%8.8%9.4%

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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Future undiscounted cash flows for each of the next five years and thereafter and reconciliation to the lease liabilities recognized on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 is as follows:
Lease
Payments
2024$1,871 
20251,008 
2026528 
2027174 
202862 
Thereafter— 
Total lease payments3,643 
Less imputed interest(344)
Total present value of lease liabilities$3,299 

Note 14. Reinsurance
Certain premiums and benefits are ceded to other insurance companies under various reinsurance agreements. The reinsurance agreements provide HOA with increased capacity to write larger risks and maintain its exposure to loss within its capital resources. Ceded reinsurance contracts do not relieve HOA from its obligations to policyholders. HOA remains liable to its policyholders for the portion reinsured to the extent that any reinsurer does not meet the obligations assumed under the reinsurance agreements.
2023 Program
Our third-party quota share reinsurance program is split into three separate placements to maximize coverage and cost efficiency. The 2023 Coastal Program covers our business in certain Texas coastal regions and the Houston metropolitan area and is placed at 42% of subject property and casualty losses (“P&C losses”), as well as all business in South Carolina which is placed at 7% of P&C losses. The 2023 Core Program, which covers the portion of our business not in the Coastal Program, is placed at 9.5% of P&C losses of our remaining business in Texas and 8% of P&C losses of our business in other states. In addition, the Combined Program covers all of our business and is placed at 5% of P&C losses. All programs are effective for the period January 1, 2023, through December 31, 2023, or March 31, 2024, and are subject to certain limits and exclusions, which vary by participating reinsurer.
Property catastrophe excess of loss treaties were placed on April 1, 2023, and were updated in August 2023 after the events described in the “Terminated Reinsurance Contract” section below. Coverage for wind storms starts at $20 million per occurrence. Losses are shared between $20 million and $80 million. Over $80 million, losses are covered up to a net loss of $440 million. We also place reinstatement premium protection to cover any reinstatement premiums due on the first four layers.
2022 Program
Our third-party quota share reinsurance program was split into two separate placements to maximize coverage and cost efficiency. The 2022 Coastal program, which covers our business in certain Texas coastal regions and the Houston metropolitan area as well as all business in South Carolina, is placed at 61.75% of subject property and casualty losses. The 2022 Core program covers the remainder of our business and is placed at 90% of subject property and casualty losses. Both programs are effective for the period January 1, 2022, through December 31, 2022, and are subject to certain limits, which vary by participating reinsurer, for single loss occurrences and/or aggregate losses.
Property catastrophe excess of loss treaties which were in effect through March 31, 2022, developed over four layers and limited our net retention to $2 million per loss occurrence. Effective April 1, 2022, we purchased property catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance from third party reinsurers which develops over 5 layers to provide coverage up to a net loss of
112

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
$336 million, in excess of $4 million per occurrence. We also places reinstatement premium protection to cover any reinstatement premiums due on the first three layers.
We purchase property per risk reinsurance covering non-weather losses in excess of $500 thousand per occurrence for all property coverage lines, to limit our net retention to $50 thousand per covered event for Core and $191 thousand per covered event for Coastal. These contracts are subject to certain limits for single loss occurrences and/or aggregate losses and provide a certain number of free reinstatements during the treaty period, all of which varies by contract.
2021 Program
Our 2021 third-party quota share reinsurance program was split into two separate placements to maximize coverage and cost efficiency. The 2021 Coastal program, which covered our business in certain Texas coastal regions and the Houston metropolitan area as well as all business in South Carolina, was placed at 90% of subject property and casualty losses. The 2021 Core program covered the remainder of our business and was placed at 90% of subject property and casualty losses. Both programs were effective for the period since the acquisition date of April 5, 2021, and through December 31, 2021, and were subject to certain limits, which varied by participating reinsurer, for single loss occurrences and/or aggregate losses.
The effects of reinsurance on premiums written and earned for the periods since the acquisition date of April 5, 2021, were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
WrittenEarnedWrittenEarnedWrittenEarned
Direct premiums$445,587 $462,434 $462,179$395,968$266,609$213,423
Ceded premiums(76,643)(235,171)(399,400)(349,952)(237,102)(199,366)
Net premiums$368,944 $227,263 $62,779$46,016$29,507$14,057
The effects of reinsurance on incurred losses and LAE for the periods since the acquisition date of April 5, 2021, were as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Direct losses and LAE$300,960 $280,505 $181,256 
Ceded losses and LAE(117,455)(224,202)(162,752)
Net losses and LAE$183,505 $56,303 $18,504 
The detail of reinsurance balances due is as follows:
December 31,
20232022
Ceded unearned premium$50,697 $203,157 
Losses and LAE reserve19,911 76,999 
Reinsurance recoverable12,629 18,765 
Other345 139 
Reinsurance balance due$83,582 $299,060 
Terminated Reinsurance Contract
During 2023, HOA discovered that Vesttoo Ltd (“Vesttoo”), which arranged capital for one of our reinsurance contracts, faced allegations of fraudulent activity in connection with collateral it provided to HOA and certain other third parties, which allegations have since been confirmed. We have communicated and met with regulators and other key stakeholders regarding the evolving situation. This reinsurance agreement provided partial quota share coverage as well as up to approximately $175 million in a catastrophic event.
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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
As a result of its findings, and in accordance with the terms of the reinsurance agreement, HOA terminated the associated contract on August 4, 2023, with an effective date of July 1, 2023. Had the contract not been terminated, the contract would have expired on December 31, 2023, and HOA would have been contracted to pay approximately $20 million in additional premium payments during July through December 2023. Following the effective date of the termination, HOA seized available liquid collateral in the amount of approximately $47.6 million from a reinsurance trust, of which HOA was the beneficiary, and recognized a charge of $36.0 million in provision for doubtful accounts in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss. In addition, HOA is evaluating and intends to pursue all available legal claims and remedies to enforce its rights under the letter of credit required by the reinsurance agreement in the amount of $300 million as additional collateral. We are also seeking recovery of all losses and damages incurred as a result of terminating the reinsurance agreement due to allegations of fraudulent activity by third parties.
HOA has secured supplemental reinsurance coverage in the amount of approximately $146.3 million, replacing nearly all of the reinsurance coverage for certain catastrophic weather events that was in place under the terminated reinsurance contract.

Note 15. Unpaid Losses and Loss Adjustment Reserve
The following tables summarizes the changes in the reserve balances for unpaid losses and LAE, gross of reinsurance, for the year ended December 31, 2023:
Reserve for unpaid losses and LAE at December 31, 2022$100,632
Reinsurance recoverables on losses and LAE at December 31, 2022(76,999)
Reserve for unpaid losses and LAE reserve, net of reinsurance recoverables at December 31, 202223,633
Add provisions (reductions) for losses and LAE occurring in:
Current year (1)
197,792
Prior years(158)
Net incurred losses and LAE during the current year197,634
Deduct payments for losses and LAE occurring in:
Current year(125,370)
Prior years(20,202)
Net claim and LAE payments during the current year(145,572)
Reserve for losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverables at December 31, 202375,695
Reinsurance recoverables on losses and LAE at December 31, 202319,808
Reserve for unpaid losses and LAE at December 31, 2023$95,503

(1)

Also includes certain charges related to Vesttoo (see Note 14, Reinsurance, for more information).

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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
The following tables summarizes the changes in reserve balances for unpaid losses and LAE, gross of reinsurance for the year ended December 31, 2022:
Reserve for unpaid losses and LAE at December 31, 2021$61,949
Reinsurance recoverables on losses and LAE at December 31, 2021(56,752)
Reserve for unpaid losses and LAE reserve, net of reinsurance recoverables at December 31, 20215,197
Add provisions (reductions) for losses and LAE occurring in:
Current year (1)
55,148
Prior years1,155
Net incurred losses and LAE during the current year56,303
Deduct payments for losses and LAE occurring in:
Current year(32,111)
Prior years(5,756)
Net claim and LAE payments during the current year(37,867)
Reserve for losses and LAE, net of reinsurance recoverables at December 31, 202223,633
Reinsurance recoverables on losses and LAE at December 31, 202276,999
Reserve for unpaid losses and LAE at December 31, 2022$100,632
As a result of additional information on claims occurring in prior years becoming available to management, changes in estimates of provisions of losses and loss adjustment expenses were made resulting in a decrease of $(0.2) million and an increase of $1.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
The claim counts in the following tables are cumulative reported claim counts as of December 31, 2023, and are equal to the sum of cumulative open and cumulative closed claims, including claims closed without payment. The following supplementary information presents incurred and paid losses by accident year, net of reinsurance ($ in thousands, except for number of claims):
December 31, 2023
Incurred losses and allocated loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance,
for the years ended December 31,
Cumulative
Number of
20192020202120222023IBNR ReservesReported Claims
(unaudited)(unaudited)(unaudited)(unaudited)
Accident Year
2019$9,666$9,678$9,773$9,786$9,812$4210,838
202012,66414,28114,58714,7175713,230
202119,79520,61423,14958535,082
202255,11052,0652,14725,274
2023183,66936,59920,188
Total$283,412$39,430104,612
115

PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Cumulative paid losses and allocated adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance,
for the year ended December 31,
20192020202120222023
(unaudited)(unaudited)(unaudited)(unaudited)
Accident Year
2019$7,405$9,324$9,578$9,694$9,715
20209,75013,86514,14214,500
202115,33520,56921,652
202232,07350,705
2023125,370
Total$221,942
Liability for losses and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance$61,471
Payments for losses, net of reinsurance, related to accident year 2018 and prior was $108 thousand for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Average annual percentage payout of accident year incurred claims by age, net of reinsurance (unaudited supplementary information) as of December 31, 2023:
12345
85.6%13.5%7.0%0.2%—%

Note 12.16. Commitments and Contingencies

Leases

The Company leases its facilities under non-cancelable operating leases, some of which contain rent holidays and escalation provisions.

Rent expense is recognized on the straight-line method over the term of the lease. The difference between rent expense (which includes the impact of rent holidays and escalation provisions) and rent paid is recorded as deferred rent, the current portion of which is included in other current liabilities and the long-term portion in other liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

Minimum commitments under noncancelable operating lease agreements as of December 31, 2020, are as follows:

    

Lease 

Payments

2021

$

1,333

2022

 

821

2023

 

315

2024

 

2025

 

Thereafter

 

$

2,469

Rent expense was approximately $1,700 and $1,800 during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Purchase Commitments

As of December 31, 2020, the Company2023, we had non-cancelable purchase commitments over the next five years, primarily for data purchases, as follows:

2024$4,435
20253,030
20261,021
20271,121
2028
$9,607

2021

    

$

3,742

2022

 

3,514

2023

 

3,514

2024

 

2025

 

$

10,770

Litigation

Litigation

From time to time the Company iswe are or may become subject to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business, including proceedings initiated by users, other entities, or regulatory bodies. Estimated liabilities are recorded when it is both probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. In many instances, the Company iswe are unable to determine whether a loss is probable or to reasonably estimate the amount of such a loss and, therefore, the potential future losses arising from a matter may differ from the amount of estimated liabilities the Company haswe have recorded in the financial statements covering these matters. The Company reviews itsWe review our estimates periodically and makesmake adjustments to reflect negotiations, estimated settlements, rulings, advice of legal counsel, and other information and events pertaining to a particular matter.

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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Cases under Telephone Consumer Protection Act

Porch andand/or an acquired entity, GoSmith.com, are party to 14a legal proceedingsproceeding alleging violations of the automated calling and/or internal and National Do Not Call restrictions of the Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 (“TCPA”). Some of these actions allegeand a related Washington state law claims. Most of theclaim. The proceedings were commenced as thirteen separate mass tort actions brought by a single plaintiffs’ law firm in December 2019 and April/May 2020 in federal district courts throughout the United StatesStates. One of the actions was dismissed with prejudice and have beenappealed to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals. While the appeal was pending, the remaining cases were consolidated in the United States District Court for the Western District of Washington, where Porch resides. A related action brought by the same plaintiffs’ law firm was dismissed with prejudice and is on appeal beforeOn October 12, 2022, in a split decision, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals.

These actions areAppeals reversed. Following remand, that case was also consolidated with the Western District of Washington action. Plaintiffs then filed a motion for leave to file a second amended complaint, which was granted in part and denied in part. The Second Amended Complaint was filed in July 2023. In September 2023, Defendants filed a Motion to Strike the Second Amended Complaint; this motion was denied. Defendants’ Motion to Dismiss was filed on February 15, 2024. The parties’ filed a required Joint Status Report and Discovery Plan on February 16, 2024. Plaintiffs seek actual, statutory, and/or treble damages, injunctive relief, and reasonable attorneys’ fees and costs. The action is at an early stage in the litigation process. It is not possible to determine the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome of these disputes, although it is reasonably possible that the outcome of these actions may be

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

unfavorable. Further, it is not possible to estimate the range or amount of potential loss (if the outcome should be unfavorable). Porch intendsWe intend to contest these casesthis case vigorously.


Kandela, LLC v Porch.com, Inc.

In May 2020, the former owners of Kandela, LLC filed a complaintcomplaints against Porch in the Superior Court of the State of California, alleging a breach of contract related to the terms and achievement of an earnout agreement related to the acquisition of the Kandela business and related fraudulent inducement claims. This actionClaimants sought to recover compensatory damages based on an asset purchase agreement entered into with Porch and related employment agreements. Claimants also sought punitive damages, attorney’s fees and costs. Certain claimants settled their claims, and this settlement is at an early stagewithin the range of the estimated accrual. Arbitration of the remaining claims occurred in March 2022. In July 2022, the Arbitrator issued his Final Award finding no merit to any of the claims asserted by claimant Kandela, LLC and determined Porch to be the prevailing party on all counts. The Arbitrator also awarded Porch and its insurers legal fees and costs in the litigation processamount of $1.4 million as the prevailing party and, if recovered in full, a significant portion of which would be expected to be allocable to its corporate insurance providers who paid for the significant portion of Porch’s fees and costs. On October 12, 2022, the Los Angeles Superior Court confirmed the Arbitration Award and entered Judgment in Porch’s favor. Kandela has failed to pay the judgment in Porch’s favor. Kandela filed a Notice of Appeal as to the Judgment on December 9, 2022. On January 18, 2023, Porch is unable to determinefiled a Fraudulent Conveyance Action against Kandela and its members for wrongfully distributing assets that could have satisfied the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome, although it is reasonably possible that the outcome may be unfavorable. Porch is unable to provide an estimatejudgement. On March 1, 2023, Kandela filed for protection under Chapter 7 of the range or amountBankruptcy Code and the case closed on May 26, 2023. As a result of potential loss (if the outcome should be unfavorable).Chapter 7 filing, Kandela’s appellate action was automatically stayed. At this time, Porch’s Fraudulent Conveyance Action has also been stayed as to all defendants. Porch intends to contest this case vigorously.

take all necessary steps so that the Fraudulent Conveyance Action can proceed against the Kandela members who Porch believes received the fraudulently transferred assets that could be used to satisfy the Judgment.

Putative WageOther

In addition, in the ordinary course of business, us and Hours Class Action Proceeding.

A former employee of HireAHelper™ filed a complaint in San Diego County Superior Court asserting putativeour subsidiaries are (or may become) parties to litigation involving property, personal injury, contract, intellectual property and other claims, as well as stockholder derivative actions, class action lawsuits and other matters. The amounts that may be recovered in such matters may be subject to insurance coverage. Although the results of legal proceedings and claims for failurecannot be predicted with certainty, neither us nor any of our subsidiaries are currently a party to pay overtime, failureany legal proceedings the outcome of which, we believe, if determined adversely to pay compensation atus, would individually or in the timeaggregate have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of separationoperations.

Regulatory Requirements and unfair business practices in violation of California law. HireAHelper™ was served with the complaint in December 2020 and on January 28, 2021 Defendants removed the caseRestrictions
HOA is subject to the United States District Court for the Southern Districtlaws and regulations of California. The plaintiff seeks to represent all current and former non-exempt employees of HireAHelper™ and Legacy Porch in the State of California duringTexas and the relevant time period. This action is at an early stageregulations of any other states in which HOA conducts business. State regulations cover all aspects of HOA’s business and are generally designed to protect the litigation process and Porch is unable to determine the likelihoodinterests of an unfavorable outcome, although it is reasonably possible that the outcome may be unfavorable. Porch is unable to provide an estimate of the range or amount of potential loss (if the outcome should be unfavorable), however the parties have agreed to explore resolution by way of a private non-binding mediation in the summer or fall of 2021. Porch intends to contest this case vigorously.

Note 13.   Related Parties

In July 2020, the CEO and founder, entered into an agreement with another significant shareholder, that provides, upon consummation of the PTAC Merger Agreement, for a payment of $3,214 in cash and 950,000 of Porch Group, Inc. stock from the CEOinsurance policyholders, as opposed to the other significant shareholderinterests of stockholders. The Texas Insurance Code requires all property and casualty insurers to have a minimum of $2.5 million in connection with the Merger Agreement including the conversion of preferred stock to common stock. This transfer of $17,284 in consideration was accounted for as a deemed capital contribution from the CEO and founder to the Company and induced conversion of preferred stock into common stock immediately prior to the close of the PTAC Merger Agreement. The total consideration transferred increase total net loss in determining net loss available to common shareholders by $17,284.

In 2019, the CEO and founder of the Company purchased convertible promissory notes with an aggregate original principal balance of $1,000.

In 2019, the Company sold a direct-to-customer security services business to a related party as one of its divestitures as it focused the business operations on its core vertical software strategy. See Note 11.

In 2019, the Company entered into an acquisition deferral agreement with the former owner of a business previously acquired by the Company on March 14, 2017. The existing agreement provided for payments of $931 on December 31, 2018, and $232 quarterly from June 14, 2019 through March 14, 2020. The amended payment schedule provides for monthly installments of at least $100, as determined by the agreement, beginning in June 2019 and the balance shall be paid in full by December 31, 2021.

In 2019, convertible promissory notes having an aggregate original principal balance of $16,600 and accrued interest of $641 converted into 1,173,473 shares of Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock and warrants to

110

$2.5 million in surplus. HOA has capital and surplus in excess of this requirement.

117

PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

stated, except per share data)

purchase 70,408 shares of Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock. An existing investor affiliated with a member of the Board participated in this equity conversion and received 354,268 shares of Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock and warrants to purchase 21,256 shares of Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock. See Note 7.

An immediate family member of the Company’s CEO and founder is a partner of a law firm retained by the Company. The Company purchased services from this law firm in the amounts of approximately $2,873 and $862 during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The amounts due to this law firm were $0 and $2,693 asAs of December 31, 20202023, HOA’s total statutory surplus is $51.7 million (capital stock of $3.0 million and 2019, respectively. surplus of $48.7 million). As of December 31, 2022, HOA’s total statutory surplus was $76.3 million (capital stock of $3.0 million and surplus of $73.3 million).

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, HOA had restricted cash and investments totaling $3.3 million and $3.7 million, respectively, pledged to the Department of Insurance in certain states as a condition of its Certificate of Authority for the purpose of meeting obligations to policyholders and creditors. See Note 1, Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, for additional disclosures.
The law firm received 21,256 sharesTexas Insurance Code limits dividends from insurance companies to their stockholders to net income accumulated in the Company’s surplus account, or “earned surplus.” The maximum dividend that may be paid without approval of Series B Preferredthe Insurance Commissioner is limited to the greater of 10% of the statutory surplus at the end of the preceding calendar year or the statutory net income of the preceding calendar year. No dividends were paid by HOA in 2023 and warrants2022. In 2024, HOA is not permitted to purchase 2,042 shares of Series B Preferred in 2018, which reduced the payablepay any dividends due to this firmthe statutory net loss in the preceding calendar year.
HOA prepares its statutory-based financial statements in conformity with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by $500.

the Texas Department of Insurance. Prescribed statutory accounting practices primarily include those published as statements of Statutory Accounting Principles by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners, as well as state laws, regulations and general administrative rules. Permitted statutory accounting practices encompass all accounting practice not so prescribed. As of December 31, 2023, there were no material permitted statutory accounting practices utilized by HOA.


Note 14.   Basic17. Segment Information
We have two reportable segments that are also our operating segments: Vertical Software and DilutedInsurance. Reportable segments were identified based on how the chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”) manages the business, makes operating decisions, and evaluates operating and financial performance. Our chief executive officer acts as the CODM and reviews financial and operational information for our reportable segments. Operating segments are components of an enterprise for which separate discrete financial information is available and operational results are regularly evaluated by the CODM for the purposes of making decisions regarding resource allocation and assessing performance.
The Vertical Software segment provides software and services to inspection, mortgage, and title companies on a subscription and transactional basis, which was 54% of total vertical software revenue in 2023, and move and post-move services, which was 46% of total vertical software revenue in 2023. The Vertical Software segment operates as several key businesses, including inspection software and services, title insurance software, mortgage software, moving services, mover and homeowner marketing, and measurement software for roofers.
Our Insurance segment provides consumers with insurance and warranty products to protect their homes, earning revenue through premiums collected on policies, policy fees and commissions. The Insurance segment includes Homeowners of America (“HOA”), a wholly owned insurance carrier, Porticus Reinsurance (“Porticus RE”), our Cayman Islands captive reinsurer, and Porch Warranty, among other warranty brands.
The following table summarizes revenue by segment.
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Vertical Software$125,116 $154,915 $137,150 
Insurance305,186 121,033 55,283 
Total revenue$430,302 $275,948 $192,433 
Our segment operating and financial performance measure is Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Loss). Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Loss) is defined as revenue less the following expenses associated with each segment: cost of revenue, selling and marketing, product and technology, general and administrative, and provision for doubtful accounts. Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Loss) also excludes non-cash items or items that management does not consider reflective of ongoing core operations.
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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
We do not allocate shared expenses to the reportable segments. These expenses are included in the “Corporate and other” row in the following reconciliation. “Corporate and other” includes shared expenses such as selling and marketing; certain product and technology; accounting; human resources; legal; general and administrative; and other income, expenses, gains, and losses that are not allocated in assessing segment performance due to their function. Such transactions are excluded from the reportable segments’ results but are included in consolidated results.
The reconciliation of Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Loss) to consolidated “Operating loss” below includes the effects of corporate and other items that the CODM does not consider in assessing segment performance.
Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Segment Adjusted EBITDA (Loss):
Vertical Software$4,307 $14,678 $20,733 
Insurance12,320 (5,499)9,007 
Subtotal16,627 9,179 29,740 
Reconciling items:
Corporate and other(61,141)(58,780)(53,760)
Depreciation and amortization(24,415)(27,930)(16,386)
Impairment loss on intangible assets and goodwill(57,232)(61,386)— 
Impairment loss on property, equipment and software(254)(637)(550)
Stock-based compensation expense(20,709)(27,041)(38,592)
Restructuring costs (1)(4,015)(647)— 
Acquisition and other transaction costs(552)(1,687)(5,360)
Loss on reinsurance contract (see Note 14)(36,042)— — 
Change in fair value of contingent consideration5,664 (6,944)2,244 
Investment income and realized gains(8,285)(1,174)(701)
Operating loss$(190,354)$(177,047)$(83,365)

(1)Primarily consists of costs related to forming a reciprocal exchange.

The CODM does not review assets on a segment basis. As of December 31, 2023, goodwill for the Vertical Software segment was $191.9 million and was zero for the Insurance segment which was fully impaired during 2023 (see Note 6, Intangible Assets and Goodwill, for additional information). As of December 31, 2022, goodwill for the Vertical Software segment and the Insurance segment was $191.9 million and $52.8 million, respectively.
All of our revenue is generated in the United States, except for an immaterial amount. As of December 31, 2023, and 2022, we did not have material assets located outside of the United States.

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PORCH GROUP, INC
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(all numbers in thousands unless otherwise stated, except per share data)
Note 18. Net Loss Per Share

Basic and diluted net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is presented in conformity with the two-class method required for participating securities. It has been retrospectively adjusted for all periods prior to the reverse capitalization. The retroactive adjustment is based on the same number of weighted average shares outstanding in each historical period.

Under the two-class method, basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period.

Diluted earnings per share attributable to common stockholders adjusts basic earnings per share for the potentially dilutive impact of stock options, restricted stock units, restricted stock awards,RSUs, PRSUs, RSAs, convertible notes, earnout shares and warrants. As the Company haswe have reported losses for all periods presented, all potentially dilutive securities are antidilutive and accordingly, basic net loss per share equals diluted net loss per share.

The following table sets forthsummarizes the computation of the Company’s basic and diluted net loss attributable per share attributable to common stockholders for the years ended December 31, 20202023, 2022 and 2019:

2020

    

(as restated)

    

2019

Numerator:

  

 

  

Net loss

$

(54,032)

$

(103,319)

Induced conversion of preferred stock

(17,284)

Net loss attributable to common stockholders, basic

$

(71,316)

$

(103,319)

Add: gain on warrant fair value

(2,427)

Adjusted net loss for diluted loss per share

$

(73,743)

$

(103,319)

Denominator:

 

 

  

Shares used in computing net loss attributable per share to common stockholders, basic

 

36,344,234

 

31,170,351

Shares used in computing net loss attributable per share to common stockholders, diluted

36,374,215

31,170,351

Net loss attributable per share to common stockholders:

 

  

 

  

Basic

$

(1.96)

$

(3.31)

Diluted

$

(2.03)

$

(3.31)

2021.

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Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Numerator:
Net loss used to compute net loss per share - basic and diluted$(133,933)$(156,559)$(106,606)
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding used to compute net loss used to compute net loss per share - basic and diluted96,05797,35193,885
Net loss per share - basic and diluted$(1.39)$(1.61)$(1.14)

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

The following table discloses securities that could potentially dilute basic net loss per share in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted net loss per share because to do so would have been antidilutive for allthe periods presented:presented.

Year Ended December 31,
202320222021
Stock options3,6423,8634,823
Restricted stock units and awards8,3115,3092,713
Performance restricted stock units3,754921
Public and private warrants1,7961,7961,796
Earnout shares (1)
2,0502,050
Convertible debt (2)
22,33116,99816,998
Contingently issuable shares in connection with acquisitions (3)
5,90810,6321,193

(1)

    

2020

    

2019

Stock options

 

6,414,611

 

7,428,682

Restricted stock units and awards

2,581,902

495,633

Legacy Porch warrants

 

 

3,060,530

Public warrants

8,625,000

Earnout shares

 

6,150,000

 

Convertible debt

1,734,264

Earnout shares expired on December 23, 2023, without vesting and were subsequently cancelled.

(2)In connection with the September 16, 2021, issuance of the 2026 Notes, we used a portion of the proceeds to pay for the capped call transactions, which are expected to generally reduce the potential dilution to our common stock. The capped call transactions impact the number of shares that may be issued by effectively increasing our conversion price from $25 per share to approximately $37.74 per share, which would result in approximately 6 million potentially dilutive shares instead of the shares reported in this table as of December 31, 2023.
(3)In connection with the acquisitions of Floify and HOA described in Note 12, Business Combinations, we provided an obligation to issue certain amount of common stock to the extent specified market conditions are met in the future. Contingently issuable shares are calculated in accordance with the purchase agreement, assuming they would be issuable if the end of the reporting periods were the end of the contingency period.
See Note 78, Stockholders' Equity and Warrants, for additional information regarding the terms of warrants. See Note 89, Stock-Based Compensation, for additional information regarding stock options and restricted stock units and awards.

See Note 15.   Subsequent Events

(a)In January 2021, the Company entered into an amendment (the Runway Amendment) to the Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of July 22, 2020 (as amended, the Runway Loan Agreement), with Runway Growth Credit Fund, Inc., as agent7, Debt, for a syndicate of lenders. Among other things, the Runway Amendment includes a commitment for a supplemental term loan in the aggregate amount of up to $10 million, reduces the interest rate payable on borrowed amounts, reduces certain financial covenants related to minimum revenue and amended the maturity date to December 15, 2024.
(b)In January 2021, the Company entered into an amendment of the purchase agreement with the selling members of Hire-a-Helper, LLC that was acquired in November 2018. Under this amendment, the selling members consented to satisfy the contingent consideration for approximately $2 million.
(c)In January 2021, the Company announced several acquisitions. On January 12, 2021, the Company acquired DataMentors Holdings, LLC d/b/a V12 Data (“V12 Data”), a leading software, data and analytics platform with a focus on household and mover insights, data management and marketing activation, in a cash transaction for a total purchase price of approximately $22 million payable at closing, subject to customary adjustments, plus up to $6 million of contingent purchase price payments based upon the financial performance of V12 Data during the 2021 and 2022 calendar years. In addition, the Company has agreed to provide a retention pool under the 2020 Plan of up to 100,000 shares of restricted Common Stock to retain key employees of V12 Data and contingent compensation (subject to the achievement of certain post-closing milestones) of up to an additional $6 million in cash or shares of Common Stock (at the Company’s election) to certain key employees of V12 Data. The V12 Data acquisition is expected to provide Porch with full-spectrum, enterprise-grade capabilities to capture the unique-to-the-market pre-mover marketing opportunity.

Additionally, on January 13, 2021, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to acquire Homeowners of America Holding Corporation (“HOA”), a leading property and casualty insurance company focused on products in the residential homeowner space, in a cash and stock transaction with consideration consisting of (i) $100,000, as adjusted in accordance with the terms of the definitive agreement, of which up to $25,000 may be payable in Common Stock at the election of the Company, (ii) 500,000 additional shares of Common Stock subject to the trading price of Common Stock exceeding $22.50 for 20 (20) out of 30 (30) consecutive trading days in the two (2) year period following the consummation of the HOA acquisition and (iii) a retention pool under the 2020 Porch Group, Inc. Stock Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”) of shares of restricted Common Stock in an amount equal to $510 and up to 100,000 options for acquisition of Common Stock to retain key employees of HOA, in each case upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the definitive agreement. The

information regarding convertible debt.

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PORCH GROUP, INC

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(all numbers in thousands, except share amounts and unless otherwise stated)

HOA acquisition is subject to state insurance regulatory approval and customary closing conditions. The HOA acquisition is expected to close in the second quarter of 2021. HOA is a managing general agent (“MGA”) and carrier hybrid with a strong reinsurance strategy that currently operates in six states. The HOA acquisition is expected to enable Porch to offer its own line of homeowner’s insurance alongside its existing insurance agency which partners with many other top carriers and provide consumers with flexibility and choice.

Additionally, in January 2021, the Company purchased a smaller home inspection company. This acquisition is not material to the Companys financial statements.

(d)During March 2021, holders of public warrants described in Note 7, exercised their warrants to acquire 7,846,757 shares of common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, resulting in cash proceeds of $90.2 million.

Porch provided notification to the holders of warrants the Company’s intent to exercise its contractual right to redeem the warrants. It is expected that the holders will choose to exercise their warrants rather than have them redeemed. This is expected to result in approximately $9 million in additional cash proceeds in April 2021. If all of the 5.7 million private warrants are voluntarily exercised for cash, additional cash proceeds of up to $66 million may be received in April 2021.

(e)During March 2021, 1,716,666 restricted earnout shares were fully vested, as the market condition for vesting was fully satisfied as a result of the Companys stock price and trading activity.

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Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Not applicable.

Dismissal of Previous Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
On October 2, 2023, the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors dismissed Ernst & Young (“EY”) as our independent registered public accounting firm.
During the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, and during the interim period through October 2, 2023, there were (i) no disagreements within the meaning of Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K between us and EY on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or auditing scope or procedure, any of which, if not resolved to EY’s satisfaction, would have caused EY to make reference thereto in their reports, and (ii) no “reportable events” within the meaning of Item 304(a)(1)(v) of Regulation S-K, except as noted below.
For the year ended December 31, 2022, the material weakness of internal control over financial reporting that we disclosed in Part II, Item 9A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, related to the ineffective design and operation of information technology (“IT”) general controls over the IT systems supporting our subsidiary, Homeowners of America, and the ineffective business process controls (automated and manual) that are dependent on the ineffective IT systems.
For the year ended December 31, 2021, the material weaknesses of internal control over financial reporting that we disclosed in Part II, Item 9A, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, related to the design and implementation of information technology general controls in the areas of user access and program change-management for systems, and related process-level automated controls, supporting our internal control processes; the identification, design, implementation, and retention of evidence of control activities, including controls over the completeness and accuracy of information we produced that is used in the operation of our control activities; and the quantity of personnel across the organization to design and operate internal controls commensurate with the nature, growth, and complexity of our business.
Appointment of New Independent Registered Accounting Firm
On October 2, 2023, the Audit Committee approved the engagement of Grant Thornton LLP (“Grant Thornton”) as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ended December 31, 2023, effective immediately. During the Company’s two most recent years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, and during the interim period through October 2, 2023, neither we nor anyone acting on our behalf consulted with Grant Thornton regarding any of the matters described in Items 304(a)(2)(i) and (ii) of Regulation S-K.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of December 31, 2020,2023, which is the end of the period covered by this Annual Report. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’sour disclosure controls and procedures to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports we file or submitwere effective as of December 31, 2023.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized, evaluatedAct. Under the supervision and reported, as applicable, withinwith the time periods specified in the United States Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and (ii) accumulated and communicated to the Company’sparticipation of our management, including the Company’sour Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures were not effective as of December 31, 2020 due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting described below.

In connection with the audit of our financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2020, management had identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting. A material weakness is a deficiency or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatementwe conducted an evaluation of the Company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

In addition to the material weakness identified in connection with the audit, management has determined that the restatement was evidence that the lackeffectiveness of processes and resources to identify and evaluate the appropriate treatment of complex securities, such as warrants, represented a second material weakness inour internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020.

The material weaknesses2023, based on the framework in ourInternal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework). Based on this evaluation we concluded that the system of internal control over financial reporting for the year ended andwas effective as of December 31, 2020 were as follows:

1)We do not have sufficient, qualified personnel to prepare and review complex technical accounting issues and effectively design and implement systems and processes that allow for the timely production of accurate financial information in accordance with internal financial reporting timelines to support the current size and complexity (e.g., acquisitions, divestitures and financings) of the Company.
2)We do not have sufficient processes and resources in place to critically evaluate the identification, selection and application of US GAAP for complex securities to provide reasonable assurance that significant transactions are appropriately recorded.

Our remediation efforts for these material weaknesses have included the following:

we hired a new Chief Financial Officer in June 2020 and our new Controller joined in April 2021; both are experienced finance and accounting professionals for public companies;
we recruited additional personnel, in addition to utilizing third-party consultants and specialists, to supplement our internal resources;
we have been and continue designing and implementing additional automation and integration in our financially significant systems;
we will continue to expand and improve our review process of complex securities, significant transactions, and related accounting standards; and,
2023.

114

we are implementing additional training of our personnel to improve our understanding and documentation that supports effective control operation, and will identify third-party professionals with whom to consult regarding complex accounting literature as necessary.

We plan to continue to assess our internal controls and procedures and intend to take further action as necessary or appropriate to address any other matters we identify. See the section titled “Risk Factors — We identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. If we are unable to remediate these material weaknesses, or if we identify additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls, we may not be able to accurately or timely report our financial condition or results of operations, which may adversely affect our business and stock price.”

Notwithstanding our material weaknesses, we have concluded that the financial statements and other financial information included in this restated Annual Report fairly present in all material respects our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

121

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

As discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report, we completed the Merger on December 23, 2020. Prior to the Merger, we were a special purpose acquisition company formed for the purposeTable of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or other similar business combination with one or more operating businesses. As a result, previously existing internal control processes are no longer applicable or comprehensive enough as of the assessment date as our operations prior to the Merger were insignificant compared to those of the consolidated entity post-Merger. Contents

The redesign of internal control over financial reporting for the Company post-Merger has required and will continue to require significant time and resources from management and other personnel. As a result, management was unable, without incurring unreasonable effort or expense, to conduct an assessmenteffectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020. Accordingly, we are excluding management's2023, has been audited by Grant Thornton LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included below.

Remediation of Prior Material Weaknesses
As discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended December 31, 2022, management had identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting pursuantas of December 31, 2022, related to Section 215.02the ineffective design and operation of information technology (“IT”) general controls over the IT systems supporting our subsidiary, Homeowners of America (“HOA”). Business process controls (automated and manual) that are dependent on the ineffective IT systems, or that rely on data produced from systems impacted by the ineffective IT general controls, are also deemed ineffective.
Management identified the people, process and technology necessary to strengthen our internal control over financial reporting and to address the material weaknesses identified as of December 31, 2022. We began implementing certain of these measures in the fourth quarter of 2021 and continued to develop remediation plans and implemented additional measures throughout 2022 and 2023.
We have remediated the material weaknesses identified as of December 31, 2022, through the following:
Reassessed the existing IT general controls to determine if they are appropriately designed to meet the control objectives;
Performed ongoing trainings with control performers to improve documentation that supports effective control activities, including IT general controls over logical user access;
Designed and implemented additional monitoring controls necessary to detect misstatements over data produced by relevant financial systems at HOA;
Replaced the existing systems which do not have the appropriate infrastructure to meet the requirements of our internal control framework; and
Expanded the available resources at the Company with experience in designing and implementing control activities, including information technology general controls and automated controls.
We have completed our evaluation of the SEC Divisionupdated internal controls and remediation procedures associated with the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting identified as of Corporation Finance's Regulation S-K Compliance & Disclosure Interpretations.

December 31, 2022, and have determined that those material weaknesses have been remediated.


Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There

Except as noted above, there has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting, as the circumstances that led to the restatement of our consolidated financial statements described in this Annual Report on Form 10-K/A were not identified prior to the April 12, 2021 guidance from the SEC. Due to the events that led to the restatement of our consolidated financial statements, management has identified an additional material weakness in internal controls related to the accounting for the Private Warrants, as described in Note 1 of the notes to the consolidated financial statements included herein. Management initiated the process of implementing remediation steps to address the material weakness and to improve our internal control over financial reporting. Specifically, we are continuing to expand and improve our review process for complex securities, transactions, and related accounting standards, including the determination of the appropriate accounting classification of our financial instruments. We plan to further improve this process by implementing additional training of personnel to improve our understanding and documentation that supports effective control operation, and will identify third-party professionals with whom to consult regarding the application of complex accounting literature as necessary. These remediation measures may be time consuming and costly. In addition, there is no assurance that we will be successful in remediating the material weakness.


Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures

Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, as specified above. Our management recognizes that any control system, no matter how well designed and operated, is based upon certain judgments and assumptions, and cannot provide absolute assurance that its objectives will be met.

115

122

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


Board of Directors and Stockholders
Porch Group, Inc.

Opinion on internal control over financial reporting
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Porch Group, Inc, (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by COSO.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2023, and our report dated March 15, 2024 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
Basis for opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and limitations of internal control over financial reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ GRANT THORNTON LLP

Bellevue, Washington
March 15, 2024
123

Item 9B. Other Information

Matt Ehrlichman, our Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and Founder, entered into a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement (as such term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K) on June 2, 2023 (such plan, a “10b5-1 Plan”). The 10b5-1 Plan was scheduled to terminate on December 31, 2023, unless earlier terminated pursuant to its terms, and covered the purchase of up to an aggregate of 2,327,777 shares of the Company’s common stock. The 10b5-1 Plan was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense Rule of 10b5-1(c). Trades under the 10b5-1 Plan did not commence until at least 90 days following the date on which such plan was entered. As of October 2, 2023, all shares of the Company's common stock subject to the 10b5-1 Plan had been purchased and the 10b5-1 Plan terminated in accordance with its terms.
Shawn Tabak, our Chief Financial Officer, entered into a 10b5-1 Plan on December 15, 2023. The 10b5-1 Plan is scheduled to terminate on April 1, 2025, and covers the sale of up to an aggregate of 247,500 shares of the Company’s common stock. The 10b5-1 Plan is intended to satisfy the affirmative defense Rule of 10b5-1(c). Trades under the 10b5-1 Plan will not commence until at least 90 days following the date on which such plan was entered.
No other director or officer (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) adopted, terminated or modified a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement, as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K) during 2023.

Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections
None.


124

PART III


Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance

The information required by this Item of Form 10-K/A is10-K will be included in our Proxy Statementdefinitive proxy statement (the "Proxy Statement"“Proxy Statement”) to be filed on April 29, 2021 with the SEC in connection with the solicitation of proxies for our 20212024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and is incorporated herein by reference.

The Proxy Statement will be filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which this Annual Report relates.


Item 11. Executive Compensation

The information required by this Item iswill be set forth in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.


Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The information required by this Item iswill be set forth in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.


Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

The information required by this Item iswill be set forth in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.


Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

The information required by this Item iswill be set forth in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.


125

PART IV


Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a)The following documents are filed as part of this report:Annual Report:

1.Financial Statements (See Index to Consolidated Financial Statements, in Item 8,“Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Annual Report);

All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable, not required or the required information is shown in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto; and
2.The exhibits listed in the “Exhibit Index” attachedbelow to this Annual Report.

Report are incorporated herein by reference or are filed with this Annual Report on Form 10-K, in each case as indicated therein (numbered in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K).

116


EXHIBIT INDEX

Exhibit
Number
Description

Exhibit
Number

Description

2.1

2.1+

Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of July 30, 2020, by and among the Company, PTAC, Merger Sub, and Joe Hanauer, in his capacity as the representative of all Pre-Closing Holders (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the CompanysCompany’s Form8-K (File No.001-39142), filed with the SEC on July31, 2020).

2.2

2.3+

2.4+

3.1

3.1

3.2

3.2

Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company, dated December 23, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.23.2 of the CompanysCompany’s Form8-K (File No.001-39142), filed with the SEC on December 29, 2020).

4.1

4.2

Form of Warrant Certificate of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of the Companys Form8-K (File No.001-39142), filed with the SEC on December 31, 2020).

4.3

Warrant Agreement, dated November 21, 2019, by and between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer& Trust Company, as warrant agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Companys Form8-K (File No.001-39142), filed with the SEC on November 26, 2019).

4.4

Description of Securities (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 of the Company’s Form 10-K (File No. 001-39142), filed with the SEC on March 31, 2021).

10.1

4.2

4.3
4.4

10.2

4.5

10.3#

4.6
4.7

4.8
126

10.1#

10.4

10.2

10.5#

10.3
10.4#

10.6#

10.5#
10.6

10.7#
10.8#
10.9#
10.10#
10.11#
10.12#
10.13#
10.14#
10.15#
10.16#
10.17#
10.18#

117

10.7#

10.19#

10.8

10.20#

10.9

10.21#

10.10

Second Amendment to Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of January 13, 2021, by and among Porch.com, Inc., the other borrowers party thereto,(COO) under Porch Group, Inc. and the other guarantors party thereto, the lenders party thereto and Runway Growth Credit Fund, Inc., as administrative agent and collateral agent for such lenders2020 Stock Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the CompanyCompany’s Form 8-K (File No. 001-39142), filed with the SEC on November 19, 2021).

127

10.22#
10.23
10.24#
10.25#
10.26
10.27
10.28+†

16.1

21.1

Subsidiaries of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 of the Companys Form 10-K (File No. 001-39142), filed with the SEC on March 31, 2021).October 2, 2023)

23.1*

21.1*
23.1*

24.1

23.2*

24.1

Power of Attorney (incorporated by reference from the signature page of this Annual report on Form 10-K).

31.1*

Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) or Rule 15d-15(e)Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2*

Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) or Rule 15d-15(e)Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32*

32.1**

Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Periodic Report Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101*

32.2**

97.1*

The following financial information from the Annual Report on Form 10-K

101.INS*Inline XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (1) Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2020 and 2019; (2) Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018; (3) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018; (4) Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018; (5) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018; and (6) Notes to Financial Statements.

Instance Document.

104*

101.SCH*

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

101.CAL*

Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104*Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL)XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

*Filed with this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
**The certifications attached as Exhibit 32.1 and Exhibit 32.2 that accompany this Annual Report on Form 10-K are deemed furnished and not filed with the SEC and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.
+The schedules and exhibits to this agreement have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. A copy of any omitted schedule and/or exhibit will be furnished to the SEC upon request.
Portions of this exhibit were redacted pursuant to Item 601(b)(10) of Regulation S-K. The omitted information is not material and is the type that the Company treats as private or confidential.
#Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

128

*

Filed with this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

+

Portions of this exhibit have been omitted in accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K

#

Indicates a management or compensatory plan.


Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

None.

118

None.
129

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on May 19, 2021.

March 15, 2024.

PORCH GROUP, INC.

By:

/s/ Matthew Ehrlichman

By:

/s/ Matthew Ehrlichman

Matthew Ehrlichman

Chairman of the Board of Directors, and

Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below on May 19, 2021March 15, 2024, by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated:

Signature

Title

Signature

Title

/ s/ Matthew Ehrlichman

Chief Executive Officer

Matthew Ehrlichman

(principal executive officer) and Chairman

/s/ Marty Heimbigner Shawn Tabak

Chief Financial Officer

Marty HeimbignerShawn Tabak

(principal financial and accounting officer)

/s/ Sean Kell

Sean Kell

Director

/s/ Thomas D. Hennessy

Rachel Lam

Rachel Lam

Director

Thomas D. Hennessy

Director

/s/ Alan Pickerill

Alan Pickerill

Director

Alan Pickerill

/s/ Amanda Reierson

Amanda Reierson

Director

/s/ Maurice Tulloch

Maurice Tulloch

Director

/s/ Javier Saade

Camilla Velasquez

Camilla Velasquez

Director

Javier Saade

Director

/s/ Asha Sharma

Asha Sharma

Director

/s/ Chris Terrill

Chris Terrill

Director

/s/ Regi Vengalil

Regi Vengalil

Director

Director

/s/ Margaret Whelan

Margaret Whelan

Director

119

130