(2) Included within Ending Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash is approximately $0.8$0.7 million and $9.1$2.3 million of restricted cash as of March 31,September 29, 2019 and April 1,September 30, 2018, respectively.

 

Briggs & Stratton Corporation (the “Company”) is focused on providing power to get work done and make people's lives better. The Company is a U.S. based producer of gasoline engines and outdoor power equipment. The Company’s Engines segment sells engines worldwide, primarily to original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs") of lawn and garden equipment and other gasoline engine powered equipment. The Company also sells related service parts and accessories for its engines. The Company’s Products segment designs, manufactures and markets a wide range of outdoor power equipment, job site products, and related accessories.

The majority of lawn and garden equipment is sold during the spring and summer months when most lawn care and gardening activities are performed. Engine sales in the Company’s third fiscal quarter have historically been the highest, while engine sales in the first fiscal quarter have historically been the lowest. Sales of pressure washers and lawn and garden powered equipment are typically higher during the third and fourth fiscal quarters than at other times of the year. Sales of portable generators and snowthrowers are typically higher during the first and second fiscal quarters.

Inventory levels generally increase during the first and second fiscal quarters in anticipation of customer demand. Inventory levels begin to decrease as sales increase in the third fiscal quarter. This seasonal pattern results in high inventories and low cash flow for the Company in the first, second and the beginning of the third fiscal quarters. The pattern generally results in higher cash flow in the latter portion of the third fiscal quarter and in the fourth fiscal quarter as inventories are liquidated and receivables are collected.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and therefore do not include all information and footnotes necessary for a fair statement of financial position, results of operations and cash flows in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but also does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. However, in the opinion of the Company, adequate disclosures have been presented to prevent the information from being misleading, and all adjustments necessary to fairly present the Company's results of operations and financial position have been included. All of these adjustments are of a normal recurring nature, except as otherwise noted.

Interim results are not necessarily indicative of results for a full year. The information included in these condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto that were included in the Company's latest Annual Report on Form 10-K.

In February 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2018-02, Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. ASU No. 2018-02 allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The guidance is effective beginning fiscal year 2020, with early adoption permitted.2020. The Company is currently assessinghas assessed this ASU and has determined that the impact of this new accounting pronouncement on its financial position.Company will not make the permitted reclassification.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting and Hedging Activities. ASU No. 2017-12 better aligns a Company's risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships, in addition to simplifying certain aspects of ASC Topic 815. The guidance is effective beginning fiscal year 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this new accounting pronouncement on its financial position.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment, which simplifies how an entity is required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Step 2 measures a goodwill impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. Under the amendments in ASU 2017-04, an entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The updated guidance requires a prospective adoption. The guidance is effective beginning fiscal year 2021. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this new accounting pronouncement on its results of operations and financial position.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which is intended to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. Certain qualitative and quantitative disclosures are required, as well as a modified retrospective recognition and measurement of impacted leases. The Company adopted the guidance is effective beginning fiscal year 2020, with early adoption permitted.2020. The Company's project plan involvesinvolved identifying and implementing appropriate changes to its business processes, systems and controls as well

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. ASU No. 2016-01 enhances the existing financial instruments reporting model by modifying fair value measurement tools, simplifying impairment assessments for certain equity instruments, and modifying overall presentation and disclosure requirements. The guidance is effective beginning fiscal year 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this standard effective July 1, 2018 and it did not have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position, and cash flows.

In May 2014,June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326), which requires the measurement of expected credit losses for financial instruments held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions and reasonable forecasts. The objective of ASU No. 2016-01 is to provide financial statement users with Customers (Topic 606). The core principle of the guidance is that anadditional information about expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Topic 606 also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to fulfill a contract. This guidanceat each reporting date. ASU No. 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal year 2019 under either full or modified retrospective adoption.years. The Company has adopted this ASU effective July 2, 2018 usingis currently assessing the modified retrospective approach and this standard did not have a material impact on the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Additional disclosures related to adoption of this ASU have been included at Note 4.ASU.

(1) Amounts reclassified to net income (loss) are included in net sales or cost of goods sold. See Note 9 for information related to derivative financial instruments.

(2) Amounts reclassified to net income (loss) are included in the computation of net periodic expense, which is presented in cost of goods sold or engineering, selling, general and administrative expenses. See Note 7 for information related to pension and postretirement benefit plans.

(1) Amounts reclassified to net income (loss) are included in net sales or cost of goods sold. See Note 9 for information related to derivative financial instruments.

(2) Amounts reclassified to net income (loss) are included in the computation of net periodic expense, which is presented in cost of goods sold or engineering, selling, general and administrative expenses. See Note 7 for information related to pension and postretirement benefit plans.

The Company has adopted ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, using the modified retrospective approach. Revenue is measured based on consideration expected to be received from a customer, and excludes any cash discounts, volume rebates and discounts, floor plan interest, advertising allowances, and amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of a product to a customer, which is generally upon shipment.

The Company’s revenues primarily consist of sales of engines and products to its customers. The Company considers the purchase orders, which may also be governed by purchasing agreements, to be the contracts with customers. For each contract, the Company considers delivery of the engines and products to be the identified performance obligations. The following is a description of principal activities, separated by reportable segments, from which the Company generates its revenue. For more detailed information about reportable segments, see Note 14.

The Engines segment principally generates revenue by providing gasoline engines and power solutions to OEMs which serve commercial and residential markets primarily for lawn and garden equipment applications. The Company typically enters into annual purchasing plans with its engine customers. In certain cases, the Company has entered into longer supply arrangements of two to three years; however, these longer term supply agreements do not generally create unfulfilled performance obligations. The sale of products to OEMs represents a single performance obligation. Revenue is recognized at a point in time when the product is shipped as substantially all engines are not customized for each customer and there is an alternative use for such inventory. The amount of revenue recognized is adjusted for variable consideration such as tiered volume discounts and rebates. Revenue recognized is also adjusted based on an estimate of future returns.

The Products segment generates revenue through the sale of end user products through retail distribution, independent dealer networks, the mass retail channel, and the rental channel. These channels primarily serve commercial and residential end users. The sale of products to the various distribution networks represents a single performance obligation. Revenue is recognized at a point in time when the product is shipped as the products are not typically customized for each customer; therefore, there is an alternative use for such inventory. The amount of revenue recognized is adjusted for variable consideration such as tiered volume discounts, rebates, and floor plan interest. Revenue recognized is also adjusted based on an estimate of future returns.

Both the Engines and Products segments account for variable consideration and estimated returns according to the same accounting policies. The Company offers a variable discount if certain customers reach established volume goals in the form of tiered volume discounts. The Company applies the expected value approach to estimate the value of the discount which is then applied as a reduction to the transaction price. Included in net sales for the three and nine months ended March 31,September 29, 2019 and September 30, 2018 were reductions for tiered volume discounts of $7.1$2.2 million and $9.5$1.2 million, respectively. The Company offers rebates in the form of promotional allowances to incentivize certain customers to make purchases. The expected value approach is used to estimate the rebate value relative to these allowances which is then applied as a reduction of the transaction price. Included in net sales for the three and nine months ended March 31,September 29, 2019 and September 30, 2018 were reductions for rebates of $2.6$2.5 million and $4.5$0.8 million, respectively.

Included in net sales are costs associated with programs under which the Company shares the expense of financing certain dealer and distributor inventories, referred to as floor plan expense. This represents interest for a pre-established length of time based on a variable rate (LIBOR) plus a fixed percentage from a contract with a third party financing source for dealer and distributor inventory purchases. Sharing the cost of these financing arrangements is used by the Company as a marketing incentive for customers to purchase the Company's products to have floor stock for end users to purchase. The Company enters into interest rate swaps to hedge cash flows for a portion of its interest rate risk. The financing costs, net of the related gain or loss on interest rate swaps, are recorded at the time of sale as a reduction of net sales. Included in net sales for the three and nine months ended March 31,September 29, 2019 and September 30, 2018 were financing costs, net of the related gain or loss on interest rate swaps, of $7.9$1.3 million and $9.5$0.7 million, respectively.

The Company estimates the expected number of returns based on historical return rates and reduces revenue by the amount of expected returns.

The Company requires prepayment on sales in limited circumstances, but the contract liability related to prepayments iswas immaterial as of March 31,September 29, 2019 and represents less than 1% of total sales.

The Company offers a standard warranty that is not sold separately on substantially all products that the Company sells which is accounted for as an assurance warranty. Accordingly, no component of the transaction price is allocated to the standard warranty. The Company records a liability for product warranty obligations at the time of sale to a customer based upon historical warranty experience.  

During ninethe three month period ended March 31, 2019,September 30, 2018, the Company recorded $4.1 million of bad debt expense related to a trade customer declaring bankruptcy. This charge occurred inNo material bad debt expense was recorded during the first quarter and there was no additional charge in the second or third quarter of fiscalthree month period ended September 29, 2019.

In the following table, revenue is disaggregated by primary product application. The table also includes a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenue with the reportable segments for the three and nine months ended March 31,September 29, 2019 and September 30, 2018, as follows (in thousands):

The Company computes earnings (loss) per share using the two-class method, an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating security according to dividends declared and participation rights in undistributed earnings. The Company’s unvested grants of restricted stock, restricted stock units, and deferred stock awards contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends (whether paid or unpaid), which are required to be treated as participating securities and included in the computation of basic earnings (loss) per share.

Information on earnings (loss) per share is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

The dilutive effect of the potential exercise of outstanding stock-based awards to acquire common shares is calculated using the treasury stock method. No options to purchase shares of common stock were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share as the exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares.

As a result of the Company incurring a net loss for the ninethree months ended March 31,September 29, 2019, potential incremental common shares of 529,644,489,185, respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.

Investments represent the Company’s investments in unconsolidated affiliated companies.

The Company concluded that its equity method investments are integral to its business. The equity method investments provide manufacturing and distribution functions, which are important parts of its operations. Net sales toThe Company classifies its equity method investees were approximately $48.2 million and $65.1 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and April 1, 2018, respectively. Purchasesin earnings of finished productsunconsolidated affiliates as a separate line item within Income from equity method investees were approximately $94.1 million and $86.8 million for the nine months ended March 31, 2019 and April 1, 2018, respectively.Operations.

The Company has noncontributory defined benefit retirement plans and postretirement plans covering certain employees. The following tables summarize the plans’ income and expense for the periods indicated (in thousands):