UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 1-10706

Comerica Incorporated

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware			38-1998421
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

Comerica Bank Tower

1717 Main Street, MC 6404

Dallas, Texas 75201

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(214) 462-6831

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $5 par value	CMA	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

$5 par value common stock:

Outstanding as of October ~~27, 2021: 131,148,664~~26, 2022: 130,952,419 shares

Table of Contents

COMERICA INCORPORATED AND SUBSIDIARIES

TABLE OF CONTENTS


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Financial Statements

Consolidated Balance Sheets at ~~Sept~~Se ~~ember 3~~ptember 0 ~~, 2021~~30, 2022 (unaudited) and December 31, ~~2020~~2021			1

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 3 0 , 30, 2022 and 2021 ~~and 2020~~ (unaudited)			2

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30,, 2022 and 2021 ~~and 2020~~ (unaudited)			3

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the ~~Nine~~ Nine Months Ended September 3 0 ,30, 2022 and 2021 ~~and 2020~~ (unaudited)			4

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)			5

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			3433

ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk			6461

ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures			6461

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings			6461

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors			6461

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds			6461

ITEM 6. Exhibits			6562

Signature			6663

Table of Contents

Part I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries


(in millions, except share data)	(in millions, except share data)	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020		(in millions, except share data)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
		(unaudited)		(recast)			(unaudited)
ASSETS	ASSETS					ASSETS
Cash and due from banks	Cash and due from banks	$	1,050	$	1,031	Cash and due from banks	$	1,735	$	1,236
Interest-bearing deposits with banks	Interest-bearing deposits with banks	22,539		14,736		Interest-bearing deposits with banks	4,235		21,443
Other short-term investments	Other short-term investments	187		172		Other short-term investments	159		197
Investment securities available-for-sale	Investment securities available-for-sale	16,846		15,028		Investment securities available-for-sale	19,452		16,986

Commercial loans	Commercial loans	28,355		32,753		Commercial loans	30,713		29,366
Real estate construction loans	Real estate construction loans	3,010		4,082		Real estate construction loans	2,617		2,948
Commercial mortgage loans	Commercial mortgage loans	11,215		9,912		Commercial mortgage loans	12,438		11,255
Lease financing	Lease financing	569		594		Lease financing	713		640
International loans	International loans	1,131		926		International loans	1,216		1,208
Residential mortgage loans	Residential mortgage loans	1,813		1,830		Residential mortgage loans	1,753		1,771
Consumer loans	Consumer loans	2,102		2,194		Consumer loans	2,262		2,097
Total loans	Total loans	48,195		52,291		Total loans	51,712		49,285
Allowance for loan losses	Allowance for loan losses	(609)		(948)		Allowance for loan losses	(576)		(588)
Net loans	Net loans	47,586		51,343		Net loans	51,136		48,697
Premises and equipment	Premises and equipment	447		459		Premises and equipment	412		454
Accrued income and other assets	Accrued income and other assets	5,874		5,360		Accrued income and other assets	7,014		5,603
Total assets	Total assets	$	94,529	$	88,129	Total assets	$	84,143	$	94,616
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY	LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY					LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Noninterest-bearing deposits	Noninterest-bearing deposits	$	44,093	$	39,420	Noninterest-bearing deposits	$	42,296	$	45,800
Money market and interest-bearing checking deposits	Money market and interest-bearing checking deposits	32,932		28,540		Money market and interest-bearing checking deposits	25,663		31,349
Savings deposits	Savings deposits	3,125		2,710		Savings deposits	3,375		3,167
Customer certificates of deposit	Customer certificates of deposit	2,091		2,133		Customer certificates of deposit	1,661		1,973

Foreign office time deposits	Foreign office time deposits	43		66		Foreign office time deposits	21		50
Total interest-bearing deposits	Total interest-bearing deposits	38,191		33,449		Total interest-bearing deposits	30,720		36,539
Total deposits	Total deposits	82,284		72,869		Total deposits	73,016		82,339

Short-term borrowings						Short-term borrowings	508		—
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	Accrued expenses and other liabilities	1,605		1,482		Accrued expenses and other liabilities	2,534		1,584
Medium- and long-term debt	Medium- and long-term debt	2,837		5,728		Medium- and long-term debt	3,016		2,796
Total liabilities	Total liabilities	86,726		80,079		Total liabilities	79,074		86,719
Fixed rate reset non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, series A, no par value, $100,000 liquidation preference per share:	Fixed rate reset non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, series A, no par value, $100,000 liquidation preference per share:					Fixed rate reset non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, series A, no par value, $100,000 liquidation preference per share:
Authorized - 4,000 shares	Authorized - 4,000 shares					Authorized - 4,000 shares
Issued - 4,000 shares	Issued - 4,000 shares	394		394		Issued - 4,000 shares	394		394
Common stock - $5 par value:	Common stock - $5 par value:					Common stock - $5 par value:
Authorized - 325,000,000 shares	Authorized - 325,000,000 shares					Authorized - 325,000,000 shares
Issued - 228,164,824 shares	Issued - 228,164,824 shares	1,141		1,141		Issued - 228,164,824 shares	1,141		1,141
Capital surplus	Capital surplus	2,170		2,185		Capital surplus	2,209		2,175
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income		(207)		64
Accumulated other comprehensive loss						Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(3,587)		(212)
Retained earnings	Retained earnings	10,366		9,727		Retained earnings	11,005		10,494
Less cost of common stock in treasury - 97,158,441 shares at 9/30/2021 and 88,997,430 shares at 12/31/2020		(6,061)		(5,461)
Less cost of common stock in treasury - 97,244,273 shares at 9/30/2022 and 97,476,872 shares at 12/31/2021						Less cost of common stock in treasury - 97,244,273 shares at 9/30/2022 and 97,476,872 shares at 12/31/2021	(6,093)		(6,095)
Total shareholders’ equity	Total shareholders’ equity	7,803		8,050		Total shareholders’ equity	5,069		7,897
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	94,529	$	88,129	Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	84,143	$	94,616

See notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

Table of Contents

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,

(in millions, except per share data)	(in millions, except per share data)	2021		2020		2021		2020		(in millions, except per share data)	2022		2021		2022		2021
				(recast)				(recast)
INTEREST INCOME	INTEREST INCOME									INTEREST INCOME
Interest and fees on loans	Interest and fees on loans	$	411	$	408	$	1,201	$	1,359	Interest and fees on loans	$	597	$	411	$	1,434	$	1,201
Interest on investment securities	Interest on investment securities	70		72		209		220		Interest on investment securities	119		70		296		209
Interest on short-term investments	Interest on short-term investments	8		4		17		25		Interest on short-term investments	34		8		66		17
Total interest income	Total interest income	489		484		1,427		1,604		Total interest income	750		489		1,796		1,427
INTEREST EXPENSE	INTEREST EXPENSE									INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest on deposits	Interest on deposits	5		15		17		91		Interest on deposits	16		5		24		17
Interest on short-term borrowings	Interest on short-term borrowings	—		—		—		1		Interest on short-term borrowings	1		—		1		—
Interest on medium- and long-term debt	Interest on medium- and long-term debt	9		11		27		70		Interest on medium- and long-term debt	26		9		47		27
Total interest expense	Total interest expense	14		26		44		162		Total interest expense	43		14		72		44
Net interest income	Net interest income	475		458		1,383		1,442		Net interest income	707		475		1,724		1,383
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	(42)		5		(359)		554		Provision for credit losses	28		(42)		27		(359)
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	Net interest income after provision for credit losses	517		453		1,742		888		Net interest income after provision for credit losses	679		517		1,697		1,742
NONINTEREST INCOME	NONINTEREST INCOME									NONINTEREST INCOME
Card fees	Card fees	72		71		227		198		Card fees	67		72		205		227
Fiduciary income	Fiduciary income	58		51		171		157		Fiduciary income	58		58		178		171
Service charges on deposit accounts	Service charges on deposit accounts	50		47		145		138		Service charges on deposit accounts	50		50		148		145
Derivative income										Derivative income	35		20		86		72
Commercial lending fees	Commercial lending fees	31		19		76		53		Commercial lending fees	29		31		81		76
Derivative income		20		9		72		48
Bank-owned life insurance	Bank-owned life insurance	12		12		32		33		Bank-owned life insurance	12		12		37		32
Letter of credit fees	Letter of credit fees	10		9		30		27		Letter of credit fees	10		10		28		30
Brokerage fees	Brokerage fees	3		5		11		17		Brokerage fees	6		3		14		11

Other noninterest income	Other noninterest income	24		29		70		65		Other noninterest income	11		24		13		70
Total noninterest income	Total noninterest income	280		252		834		736		Total noninterest income	278		280		790		834
NONINTEREST EXPENSES	NONINTEREST EXPENSES									NONINTEREST EXPENSES
Salaries and benefits expense	Salaries and benefits expense	282		257		841		748		Salaries and benefits expense	307		282		890		841
Outside processing fee expense	Outside processing fee expense	65		58		200		177		Outside processing fee expense	64		65		188		200
Occupancy expense	Occupancy expense	40		40		117		114		Occupancy expense	44		40		122		117
Software expense	Software expense	40		39		117		115		Software expense	40		40		120		117
Equipment expense	Equipment expense	13		12		38		36		Equipment expense	12		13		36		38
Advertising expense	Advertising expense	10		9		25		24		Advertising expense	9		10		24		25
FDIC insurance expense	FDIC insurance expense	4		8		17		24		FDIC insurance expense	8		4		24		17
Other noninterest expenses	Other noninterest expenses	11		15		20		51		Other noninterest expenses	18		11		53		20
Total noninterest expenses	Total noninterest expenses	465		438		1,375		1,289		Total noninterest expenses	502		465		1,457		1,375
Income before income taxes	Income before income taxes	332		267		1,201		335		Income before income taxes	455		332		1,030		1,201
Provision for income taxes	Provision for income taxes	70		50		261		59		Provision for income taxes	104		70		229		261
NET INCOME	NET INCOME	262		217		940		276		NET INCOME	351		262		801		940
Less:	Less:									Less:
Income allocated to participating securities	Income allocated to participating securities	1		—		4		1		Income allocated to participating securities	2		1		4		4
Preferred stock dividends	Preferred stock dividends	6		8		17		8		Preferred stock dividends	6		6		17		17
Net income attributable to common shares	Net income attributable to common shares	$	255	$	209	$	919	$	267	Net income attributable to common shares	$	343	$	255	$	780	$	919
Earnings per common share:	Earnings per common share:									Earnings per common share:
Basic	Basic	$	1.92	$	1.49	$	6.75	$	1.91	Basic	$	2.63	$	1.92	$	5.96	$	6.75
Diluted	Diluted	1.90		1.48		6.67		1.90		Diluted	2.60		1.90		5.88		6.67
Comprehensive income		175		169		669		610
Comprehensive (loss) income										Comprehensive (loss) income	(1,282)		175		(2,574)		669
Cash dividends declared on common stock	Cash dividends declared on common stock	89		94		276		284		Cash dividends declared on common stock	89		89		267		276
Cash dividends declared per common share	Cash dividends declared per common share	0.68		0.68		2.04		2.04		Cash dividends declared per common share	0.68		0.68		2.04		2.04

See notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

Table of Contents

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries


									Accumulated																Accumulated
		Nonredeemable		Common Stock					Other						Total			Nonredeemable		Common Stock					Other						Total
		Preferred		Shares			Capital		Comprehensive		Retained		Treasury		Shareholders'			Preferred		Shares			Capital		Comprehensive		Retained		Treasury		Shareholders'
(in millions, except per share data)	(in millions, except per share data)	Stock		Outstanding	Amount		Surplus		Income (Loss)		Earnings		Stock		Equity		(in millions, except per share data)	Stock		Outstanding	Amount		Surplus		(Loss) Income		Earnings		Stock		Equity
BALANCE AT JUNE 30, 2020 (recast)		$	395	139.0	$	1,141	$	2,173	$	66	$	9,496	$	(5,469)	$	7,802
BALANCE AT JUNE 30, 2021																	BALANCE AT JUNE 30, 2021	$	394	133.9	$	1,141	$	2,163	$	(120)	$	10,202	$	(5,849)	$	7,931

Net income	Net income	—		—	—		—		—		217		—		217		Net income	—		—	—		—		—		262		—		262
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		—	—		—		(48)		—		—		(48)		Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		—	—		—		(87)		—		—		(87)
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($0.68 per share)	Cash dividends declared on common stock ($0.68 per share)	—		—	—		—		—		(94)		—		(94)		Cash dividends declared on common stock ($0.68 per share)	—		—	—		—		—		(89)		—		(89)
Cash dividends on preferred stock	Cash dividends on preferred stock	—		—	—		—		—		(8)		—		(8)		Cash dividends on preferred stock	—		—	—		—		—		(6)		—		(6)

Issuance of preferred stock		(1)		—	—		—		—		—		—		(1)
Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans		—		0.1	—		—		—		(2)		2		—

Share-based compensation		—		—	—		6		—		—		—		6

BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 (recast)		$	394	139.1	$	1,141	$	2,179	$	18	$	9,609	$	(5,467)	$	7,874
BALANCE AT JUNE 30, 2021		$	394	133.9	$	1,141	$	2,163	$	(120)	$	10,202	$	(5,849)	$	7,931
Net income		—		—	—		—		—		262		—		262
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax		—		—	—		—		(87)		—		—		(87)
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($0.68 per share)		—		—	—		—		—		(89)		—		(89)
Cash dividends declared on preferred stock		—		—	—		—		—		(6)		—		(6)
Purchase of common stock	Purchase of common stock	—		(3.1)	—		—		—		—		(220)		(220)		Purchase of common stock	—		(3.1)	—		—		—		—		(220)		(220)

Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans		—		0.2	—		—		—		(3)		8		5
Share-based compensation		—		—	—		7		—		—		—		7

BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2021		$	394	131.0	$	1,141	$	2,170	$	(207)	$	10,366	$	(6,061)	$	7,803
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2019 (recast)		$	—	142.1	$	1,141	$	2,174	$	(316)	$	9,619	$	(5,291)	$	7,327
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle		—		—	—		—		—		13		—		13
Net income		—		—	—		—		—		276		—		276
Other comprehensive income, net of tax		—		—	—		—		334		—		—		334
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($2.04 per share)		—		—	—		—		—		(284)		—		(284)
Cash dividends declared on preferred stock		—		—	—		—		—		(8)		—		(8)
Purchase of common stock		—		(3.4)	—		—		—		—		(194)		(194)
Issuance of preferred stock		394		—	—		—		—		—		—		394

Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans	Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans	—		0.4	—		(13)		—		(7)		18		(2)		Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans	—		0.2	—		—		—		(3)		8		5

Share-based compensation	Share-based compensation	—		—	—		18		—		—		—		18		Share-based compensation	—		—	—		7		—		—		—		7

BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2020 (recast)		$	394	139.1	$	1,141	$	2,179	$	18	$	9,609	$	(5,467)	$	7,874
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2020 (recast)		$	394	139.2	$	1,141	$	2,185	$	64	$	9,727	$	(5,461)	$	8,050
BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2021																	BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2021	$	394	131.0	$	1,141	$	2,170	$	(207)	$	10,366	$	(6,061)	$	7,803
BALANCE AT JUNE 30, 2022																	BALANCE AT JUNE 30, 2022	$	394	130.8	$	1,141	$	2,204	$	(1,954)	$	10,752	$	(6,102)	$	6,435
Net income																	Net income	—		—	—		—		—		351		—		351
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax																	Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		—	—		—		(1,633)		—		—		(1,633)
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($0.68 per share)																	Cash dividends declared on common stock ($0.68 per share)	—		—	—		—		—		(89)		—		(89)
Cash dividends declared on preferred stock																	Cash dividends declared on preferred stock	—		—	—		—		—		(6)		—		(6)

Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans																	Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans	—		0.1	—		(4)		—		(3)		9		2
Share-based compensation																	Share-based compensation	—		—	—		9		—		—		—		9

BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2022																	BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2022	$	394	130.9	$	1,141	$	2,209	$	(3,587)	$	11,005	$	(6,093)	$	5,069
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2020																	BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2020	$	394	139.2	$	1,141	$	2,185	$	64	$	9,727	$	(5,461)	$	8,050

Net income	Net income	—		—	—		—		—		940		—		940		Net income	—		—	—		—		—		940		—		940
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		—	—		—		(271)		—		—		(271)		Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		—	—		—		(271)		—		—		(271)
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($2.04 per share)	Cash dividends declared on common stock ($2.04 per share)	—		—	—		—		—		(276)		—		(276)		Cash dividends declared on common stock ($2.04 per share)	—		—	—		—		—		(276)		—		(276)
Cash dividends declared on preferred stock	Cash dividends declared on preferred stock	—		—	—		—		—		(17)		—		(17)		Cash dividends declared on preferred stock	—		—	—		—		—		(17)		—		(17)
Purchase of common stock	Purchase of common stock	—		(9.0)	—		(24)		—		—		(649)		(673)		Purchase of common stock	—		(9.0)	—		(24)		—		—		(649)		(673)

Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans	Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans	—		0.8	—		(27)		—		(8)		49		14		Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans	—		0.8	—		(27)		—		(8)		49		14

Share-based compensation	Share-based compensation	—		—	—		36		—		—		—		36		Share-based compensation	—		—	—		36		—		—		—		36

BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2021	BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2021	$	394	131.0	$	1,141	$	2,170	$	(207)	$	10,366	$	(6,061)	$	7,803	BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2021	$	394	131.0	$	1,141	$	2,170	$	(207)	$	10,366	$	(6,061)	$	7,803
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2021																	BALANCE AT DECEMBER 31, 2021	$	394	130.7	$	1,141	$	2,175	$	(212)	$	10,494	$	(6,095)	$	7,897

Net income																	Net income	—		—	—		—		—		801		—		801
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax																	Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		—	—		—		(3,375)		—		—		(3,375)
Cash dividends declared on common stock ($2.04 per share)																	Cash dividends declared on common stock ($2.04 per share)	—		—	—		—		—		(267)		—		(267)
Cash dividends declared on preferred stock																	Cash dividends declared on preferred stock	—		—	—		—		—		(17)		—		(17)
Purchase of common stock																	Purchase of common stock	—		(0.4)	—		—		—		—		(36)		(36)

Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans																	Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans	—		0.6	—		(14)		—		(6)		38		18

Share-based compensation																	Share-based compensation	—		—	—		48		—		—		—		48

BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2022																	BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2022	$	394	130.9	$	1,141	$	2,209	$	(3,587)	$	11,005	$	(6,093)	$	5,069

See notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

Table of Contents

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries


		Nine Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,

(in millions)	(in millions)	2021		2020		(in millions)	2022		2021
				(recast)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES	OPERATING ACTIVITIES					OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	Net income	$	940	$	276	Net income	$	801	$	940
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:	Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:					Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	(359)		554		Provision for credit losses	27		(359)
Provision (benefit) for deferred income taxes		119		(99)
(Benefit) provision for deferred income taxes						(Benefit) provision for deferred income taxes	(31)		119
Depreciation and amortization	Depreciation and amortization	76		82		Depreciation and amortization	71		76
Net periodic defined benefit credit	Net periodic defined benefit credit	(61)		(41)		Net periodic defined benefit credit	(68)		(61)
Share-based compensation expense	Share-based compensation expense	36		18		Share-based compensation expense	48		36
Net amortization of securities	Net amortization of securities	26		7		Net amortization of securities	24		26

Net gains on sales of foreclosed property		—		(1)
Net gains on sales of foreclosed property and other repossessed assets						Net gains on sales of foreclosed property and other repossessed assets	(2)		—

Net change in:	Net change in:					Net change in:

Accrued income receivable	Accrued income receivable	17		32		Accrued income receivable	(95)		17
Accrued expenses payable	Accrued expenses payable	84		(50)		Accrued expenses payable	18		84
Other, net	Other, net	(673)		(58)		Other, net	(752)		(673)
Net cash provided by operating activities	Net cash provided by operating activities	205		720		Net cash provided by operating activities	41		205
INVESTING ACTIVITIES	INVESTING ACTIVITIES					INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Investment securities available-for-sale:	Investment securities available-for-sale:					Investment securities available-for-sale:
Maturities and redemptions	Maturities and redemptions	4,203		2,344		Maturities and redemptions	2,003		4,203

Purchases	Purchases	(6,327)		(4,796)		Purchases	(7,470)		(6,327)

Net change in loans	Net change in loans	5,222		(2,185)		Net change in loans	(3,013)		5,222
Proceeds from sales of foreclosed property		8		3
Proceeds from sales of foreclosed property and other repossessed assets						Proceeds from sales of foreclosed property and other repossessed assets	3		8
Net increase in premises and equipment	Net increase in premises and equipment	(50)		(51)		Net increase in premises and equipment	(58)		(50)

Federal Home Loan Bank stock:	Federal Home Loan Bank stock:					Federal Home Loan Bank stock:
Purchases	Purchases	—		(51)		Purchases	(21)		—
Redemptions	Redemptions	115		92		Redemptions	—		115

Proceeds from bank-owned life insurance settlements	Proceeds from bank-owned life insurance settlements	10		14		Proceeds from bank-owned life insurance settlements	28		10
Other, net	Other, net	(11)		—		Other, net	—		(11)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		3,170		(4,630)
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities						Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities	(8,528)		3,170
FINANCING ACTIVITIES	FINANCING ACTIVITIES					FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Net change in:	Net change in:					Net change in:
Deposits	Deposits	8,200		11,054		Deposits	(8,931)		8,200
Short-term borrowings	Short-term borrowings	—		(61)		Short-term borrowings	508		—
Medium- and long-term debt:	Medium- and long-term debt:					Medium- and long-term debt:
Maturities and redemptions	Maturities and redemptions	(2,800)		(1,675)		Maturities and redemptions	—		(2,800)

Issuances and advances						Issuances and advances	500		—

Preferred stock:	Preferred stock:					Preferred stock:
Issuance		—		394

Cash dividends paid	Cash dividends paid	(17)		—		Cash dividends paid	(17)		(17)
Common stock:	Common stock:					Common stock:
Repurchases	Repurchases	(679)		(199)		Repurchases	(43)		(679)
Cash dividends paid	Cash dividends paid	(281)		(282)		Cash dividends paid	(266)		(281)
Issuances under employee stock plans	Issuances under employee stock plans	22		2		Issuances under employee stock plans	27		22

Other, net	Other, net	2		—		Other, net	—		2
Net cash provided by financing activities		4,447		9,233
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		7,822		5,323
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities						Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(8,222)		4,447
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents						Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents	(16,709)		7,822
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	15,767		5,818		Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	22,679		15,767
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	23,589	$	11,141	Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	5,970	$	23,589
Interest paid	Interest paid	$	47	$	186	Interest paid	$	55	$	47
Income taxes paid	Income taxes paid	115		133		Income taxes paid	182		115

See notes to consolidated financial statements (unaudited).

NOTE 1 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Organization

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with United States (U.S.) generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation were included. The results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, ~~2021.~~2022. Certain items in prior periods were reclassified to conform to the current presentation. For further information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Annual Report of Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries (the Corporation) on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

~~Defined Benefit Pension~~Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-02, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructuring and ~~Other Postretirement Costs~~

~~Effective~~Vintage Disclosures” (ASU 2022-02), which eliminates the accounting for troubled debt restructuring (TDR) while expanding modification and vintage disclosure requirements. Under the current guidance, a TDR occurs when a loan to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty is restructured with a concession provided that a creditor would not otherwise consider. ASU 2022-02 removes the TDR accounting model, instead requiring modifications to apply existing refinancing and restructuring guidance. The update also requires additional disclosures on the nature, magnitude and subsequent performance of certain types of modifications with borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. ASU 2022-02 further included a requirement to disclose gross charge-offs incurred by year of origination of the related loan or lease. ASU 2022-02 is effective for the Corporation on January 1, ~~2021,~~2023, and must be applied prospectively, except that the ~~Corporation elected to change the accounting methodology for determining the market-related value~~recognition and measurement of assets (MRVA) for certain asset classes in the qualified defined benefit pension plan. The MRVA is used to calculate the Corporation's expected return on plan assets, a component of defined pension benefit cost (credit). These classes are currently comprised of the fixed income securities and private placement assets held in the portfolio, utilized by the Corporation to mitigate the impacts to financial results from changes in fair value of the pension liability. Previously, MRVA was measuredTDRs may be applied using a ~~historical five-year average fair value. Under~~modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. The Corporation is evaluating the new methodology, the Corporation calculates MRVA using fair value of plan assets. Although both methods are permitted under U.S. GAAP, the Corporation believes the new policy is preferable for these classes of assets as it results in more timely recognition of the performance of pension assets in the results from operations.

~~The change in accounting methodology is applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the consolidated financial statements. The~~ impact of the ~~change~~new guidance to ~~the qualified defined benefit plan~~its disclosures but does not expect there to be a material impact on ~~the Corporation's consolidated~~its financial ~~statements is as follows:~~

~~Consolidated Balance Sheets~~

September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
(in millions) Accounting Change Impact Previously Reported Accounting Change Impact Recast
Amounts
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income $ (11) $ 168 $ (104) $ 64
Retained earnings 11 9,623 104 9,727

~~Consolidated Statements~~condition or results of ~~Comprehensive Income~~

Three Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020
(in millions) Accounting Change Impact Previously Reported Accounting Change Impact Recast Amounts
Other noninterest expenses $ (5) $ 23 $ (8) $ 15
Provision for income taxes 1 48 2 50
Net income 4 211 6 217
Earnings per common share:
Basic $ 0.03 $ 1.45 $ 0.04 $ 1.49
Diluted 0.03 1.44 0.04 1.48

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)~~

~~Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries~~

Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020
(in millions) Accounting Change Impact Previously Reported Accounting Change Impact Recast Amounts
Other noninterest expenses $ (14) $ 73 $ (22) $ 51
Provision for income taxes 3 54 5 59
Net income 11 259 17 276
Earnings per common share:
Basic $ 0.08 $ 1.79 $ 0.12 $ 1.91
Diluted 0.08 1.78 0.12 1.90

~~Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows~~

Nine Months Ended September 30,
2021 2020
(in millions) Accounting Change Impact Previously Reported Accounting Change Impact Recast Amounts
Net income $ 11 $ 259 $ 17 $ 276
Provision (benefit) for deferred income taxes 3 (104) 5 (99)
Net periodic defined benefit credit (14) (19) (22) (41)

operation.

NOTE 2 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Corporation utilizes fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. The determination of fair values of financial instruments often requires the use of estimates. In cases where quoted market values in an active market are not available, the Corporation uses present value techniques and other valuation methods to estimate the fair values of its financial instruments. These valuation methods require considerable judgment and the resulting estimates of fair value can be significantly affected by the assumptions made and methods used.

Investment securities available-for-sale, derivatives, deferred compensation plans and equity securities with readily determinable fair values (primarily money market mutual funds) are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Corporation may be required to record other assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, such as impaired loans, other real estate (primarily foreclosed property), nonmarketable equity securities and certain other assets and liabilities. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve write-downs of individual assets or application of lower of cost or fair value accounting.

Refer to Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements in the Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020~~2021 for further information about the fair value hierarchy, descriptions of the valuation methodologies and key inputs used to measure financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value, as well as a description of the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate fair value disclosures for financial instruments not recorded at fair value in their entirety on a recurring basis.

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following tables present the recorded amount of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.


(in millions)	(in millions)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		(in millions)	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
September 30, 2021
September 30, 2022										September 30, 2022

Deferred compensation plan assets	Deferred compensation plan assets	$	108	$	108	$	—	$	—	Deferred compensation plan assets	$	87	$	87	$	—	$	—
Equity securities	Equity securities	71		71		—		—		Equity securities	53		53		—		—

Investment securities available-for-sale:	Investment securities available-for-sale:									Investment securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	U.S. Treasury securities	3,429		3,429		—		—		U.S. Treasury securities	2,756		2,756		—		—
Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	13,163		—		13,163		—		Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	12,052		—		12,052		—
Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)	Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)	254		—		254		—		Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)	4,644		—		4,644		—

Total investment securities available-for-sale	Total investment securities available-for-sale	16,846		3,429		13,417		—		Total investment securities available-for-sale	19,452		2,756		16,696		—
Derivative assets:	Derivative assets:									Derivative assets:
Interest rate contracts	Interest rate contracts	326		—		299		27		Interest rate contracts	212		—		212		—
Energy contracts	Energy contracts	769		—		769		—		Energy contracts	1,325		—		1,325		—
Foreign exchange contracts	Foreign exchange contracts	18		—		18		—		Foreign exchange contracts	80		—		80		—
Total derivative assets	Total derivative assets	1,113		—		1,086		27		Total derivative assets	1,617		—		1,617		—
Total assets at fair value	Total assets at fair value	$	18,138	$	3,608	$	14,503	$	27	Total assets at fair value	$	21,209	$	2,896	$	18,313	$	—
Derivative liabilities:	Derivative liabilities:									Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate contracts	Interest rate contracts	$	62	$	—	$	62	$	—	Interest rate contracts	$	741	$	—	$	741	$	—
Energy contracts	Energy contracts	764		—		764		—		Energy contracts	1,316		—		1,316		—
Foreign exchange contracts	Foreign exchange contracts	12		—		12		—		Foreign exchange contracts	74		—		74		—

Other financial derivative										Other financial derivative	12		—		—		12
Total derivative liabilities	Total derivative liabilities	838		—		838		—		Total derivative liabilities	2,143		—		2,131		12
Deferred compensation plan liabilities	Deferred compensation plan liabilities	108		108		—		—		Deferred compensation plan liabilities	87		87		—		—
Total liabilities at fair value	Total liabilities at fair value	$	946	$	108	$	838	$	—	Total liabilities at fair value	$	2,230	$	87	$	2,131	$	12
December 31, 2020
December 31, 2021										December 31, 2021
Deferred compensation plan assets	Deferred compensation plan assets	$	107	$	107	$	—	$	—	Deferred compensation plan assets	$	113	$	113	$	—	$	—
Equity securities	Equity securities	60		60		—		—		Equity securities	62		62		—		—

Investment securities available-for-sale:	Investment securities available-for-sale:									Investment securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	U.S. Treasury securities	4,658		4,658		—		—		U.S. Treasury securities	2,993		2,993		—		—
Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	10,370		—		10,370		—		Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	13,288		—		13,288		—

Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)										Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)	705		—		705		—
Total investment securities available-for-sale	Total investment securities available-for-sale	15,028		4,658		10,370		—		Total investment securities available-for-sale	16,986		2,993		13,993		—
Derivative assets:	Derivative assets:									Derivative assets:
Interest rate contracts	Interest rate contracts	531		—		492		39		Interest rate contracts	239		—		213		26
Energy contracts	Energy contracts	151		—		151		—		Energy contracts	670		—		670		—
Foreign exchange contracts	Foreign exchange contracts	18		—		18		—		Foreign exchange contracts	19		—		19		—

Total derivative assets	Total derivative assets	700		—		661		39		Total derivative assets	928		—		902		26
Total assets at fair value	Total assets at fair value	$	15,895	$	4,825	$	11,031	$	39	Total assets at fair value	$	18,089	$	3,168	$	14,895	$	26
Derivative liabilities:	Derivative liabilities:									Derivative liabilities:
Interest rate contracts	Interest rate contracts	$	61	$	—	$	61	$	—	Interest rate contracts	$	69	$	—	$	69	$	—
Energy contracts	Energy contracts	149		—		149		—		Energy contracts	662		—		662		—
Foreign exchange contracts	Foreign exchange contracts	19		—		19		—		Foreign exchange contracts	16		—		16		—

Other financial derivative										Other financial derivative	13		—		—		13
Total derivative liabilities	Total derivative liabilities	229		—		229		—		Total derivative liabilities	760		—		747		13
Deferred compensation plan liabilities	Deferred compensation plan liabilities	107		107		—		—		Deferred compensation plan liabilities	113		113		—		—
Total liabilities at fair value	Total liabilities at fair value	$	336	$	107	$	229	$	—	Total liabilities at fair value	$	873	$	113	$	747	$	13

(a)Issued and/or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises.

There were no transfers of assets or liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis into or out of Level 3 fair value measurements during each of the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020.~~2021.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

The following table summarizes the changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020.~~2021.


																						Net Realized/Unrealized Gains (Losses) (Pretax) Recorded in Earnings (a)
(in millions)																	(in millions)	Balance at Beginning of Period				Realized				Unrealized						Settlements					Balance at End of Period
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022																	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022

				Net Realized/Unrealized Gains (Losses) (Pretax) Recorded in Earnings (a)
		Balance at Beginning of Period												Balance at End of Period
								Net Realized/Unrealized Gains (Losses) (Pretax) Recorded in Earnings (a)			Sales
(in millions)				Realized		Unrealized

Derivative liabilities:																	Derivative liabilities:
Other financial derivative																	Other financial derivative	$	(12)			$	—			$	—			$	—				$	(12)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021																		Three Months Ended September 30, 2021

Derivative assets:	Derivative assets:													Derivative assets:
Interest rate contracts	Interest rate contracts	$	29	$	—	$	(2)		$	—				$	27		Interest rate contracts	$	29			$	—			$	(2)			$	—				$	27
Derivative liabilities:																	Derivative liabilities:
Other financial derivative																	Other financial derivative	(12)				—				—						—					(12)

Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022																	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

Derivative assets:	Derivative assets:													Derivative assets:
Interest rate contracts	Interest rate contracts	$	44	$	—	$	(2)		$	—		$	42	Interest rate contracts		$	26			$	—			$	—			$	(26)				$	—
Derivative liabilities:																	Derivative liabilities:
Other financial derivative																	Other financial derivative	(13)				—				1						—					(12)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021													Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021

Derivative assets:	Derivative assets:													Derivative assets:
Interest rate contracts	Interest rate contracts	$	39	$	—	$	(12)		$	—		$	27	Interest rate contracts		$	39			$	—			$	(12)			$	—				$	27
Derivative liabilities:																	Derivative liabilities:
Other financial derivative																	Other financial derivative	(11)				—				(1)						—					(12)

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020

Derivative assets:
Interest rate contracts		$	22	$	—	$	20		$	—		$	42

(a)Realized and unrealized gains and losses due to changes in fair value are recorded in other noninterest income on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The Corporation may be required to record certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These include assets that are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value, and were recognized at fair value since it was less than cost at the end of the period.

The following table presents assets recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. No liabilities were recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.


(in millions)	Level 3
September 30, 2022


Loans:
Commercial	$	53
Real estate construction	2
Commercial mortgage	14







Total assets at fair value	$	69
December 31, 2021


Loans:
Commercial	$	125
Real estate construction	4
Commercial mortgage	1217

International	74





~~Total assets at fair value~~	$	~~148~~
~~December 31, 2020~~


~~Loans:~~
~~Commercial~~	$	~~134~~

~~Commercial mortgage~~	16







Total assets at fair value	$	150

Level 3 assets recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 included both nonaccrual loans and TDRs for which a specific allowance was established based on the fair value of collateral. The

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

unobservable inputs were the additional adjustments applied by management to the appraised values to reflect such factors as non-current appraisals and revisions to estimated time to sell. These adjustments are determined based on qualitative judgments made by management on a case-by-case basis and are not observable inputs, although they are used in the determination of fair value.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)~~

~~Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries~~

Estimated Fair Values of Financial Instruments Not Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The Corporation typically holds the majority of its financial instruments until maturity and thus does not expect to realize many of the estimated fair value amounts disclosed. The disclosures also do not include estimated fair value amounts for items that are not defined as financial instruments, but which have significant value. These include such items as core deposit intangibles, the future earnings potential of significant customer relationships and the value of trust operations and other fee generating businesses. The Corporation believes the imprecision of an estimate could be significant.

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

The carrying amount and estimated fair value of financial instruments not recorded at fair value in their entirety on a recurring basis on the Corporation’s Consolidated Balance Sheets are as follows:


		Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value									Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
(in millions)	(in millions)			Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		(in millions)			Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
September 30, 2021
September 30, 2022												September 30, 2022
Assets	Assets											Assets
Cash and due from banks	Cash and due from banks	$	1,050	$	1,050	$	1,050	$	—	$	—	Cash and due from banks	$	1,735	$	1,735	$	1,735	$	—	$	—

Interest-bearing deposits with banks	Interest-bearing deposits with banks	22,539		22,539		22,539		—		—		Interest-bearing deposits with banks	4,235		4,235		4,235		—		—

Other short-term investments												Other short-term investments	16		16		16		—		—
Loans held-for-sale	Loans held-for-sale	7		7		—		7		—		Loans held-for-sale	3		3		—		3		—
Total loans, net of allowance for loan losses (a)	Total loans, net of allowance for loan losses (a)	47,586		48,146		—		—		48,146		Total loans, net of allowance for loan losses (a)	51,136		48,521		—		—		48,521
Customers’ liability on acceptances outstanding	Customers’ liability on acceptances outstanding	3		3		3		—		—		Customers’ liability on acceptances outstanding	5		5		5		—		—
Restricted equity investments	Restricted equity investments	92		92		92		—		—		Restricted equity investments	113		113		113		—		—
Nonmarketable equity securities (b)	Nonmarketable equity securities (b)	6		10								Nonmarketable equity securities (b)	5		12
Liabilities	Liabilities											Liabilities
Demand deposits (noninterest-bearing)	Demand deposits (noninterest-bearing)	44,093		44,093		—		44,093		—		Demand deposits (noninterest-bearing)	42,296		42,296		—		42,296		—
Interest-bearing deposits	Interest-bearing deposits	36,100		36,100		—		36,100		—		Interest-bearing deposits	29,059		29,059		—		29,059		—
Customer certificates of deposit	Customer certificates of deposit	2,091		2,090		—		2,090		—		Customer certificates of deposit	1,661		1,621		—		1,621		—
Total deposits	Total deposits	82,284		82,283		—		82,283		—		Total deposits	73,016		72,976		—		72,976		—

Acceptances outstanding	Acceptances outstanding	3		3		3		—		—		Acceptances outstanding	5		5		5		—		—
Medium- and long-term debt	Medium- and long-term debt	2,837		2,904		—		2,904		—		Medium- and long-term debt	3,016		3,035		—		3,035		—
Credit-related financial instruments	Credit-related financial instruments	(51)		(51)		—		—		(51)		Credit-related financial instruments	(76)		(76)		—		—		(76)
December 31, 2020
December 31, 2021												December 31, 2021
Assets	Assets											Assets
Cash and due from banks	Cash and due from banks	$	1,031	$	1,031	$	1,031	$	—	$	—	Cash and due from banks	$	1,236	$	1,236	$	1,236	$	—	$	—

Interest-bearing deposits with banks	Interest-bearing deposits with banks	14,736		14,736		14,736		—		—		Interest-bearing deposits with banks	21,443		21,443		21,443		—		—

Other short-term investments												Other short-term investments	16		16		16		—		—
Loans held-for-sale	Loans held-for-sale	5		5		—		5		—		Loans held-for-sale	6		6		—		6		—
Total loans, net of allowance for loan losses (a)	Total loans, net of allowance for loan losses (a)	51,343		50,601		—		—		50,601		Total loans, net of allowance for loan losses (a)	48,697		49,127		—		—		49,127
Customers’ liability on acceptances outstanding	Customers’ liability on acceptances outstanding	1		1		1		—		—		Customers’ liability on acceptances outstanding	5		5		5		—		—
Restricted equity investments	Restricted equity investments	207		207		207		—		—		Restricted equity investments	92		92		92		—		—
Nonmarketable equity securities (b)	Nonmarketable equity securities (b)	5		9								Nonmarketable equity securities (b)	5		10
Liabilities	Liabilities											Liabilities
Demand deposits (noninterest-bearing)	Demand deposits (noninterest-bearing)	39,420		39,420		—		39,420		—		Demand deposits (noninterest-bearing)	45,800		45,800		—		45,800		—
Interest-bearing deposits	Interest-bearing deposits	31,316		31,316		—		31,316		—		Interest-bearing deposits	34,566		34,566		—		34,566		—
Customer certificates of deposit	Customer certificates of deposit	2,133		2,133		—		2,133		—		Customer certificates of deposit	1,973		1,968		—		1,968		—

Total deposits	Total deposits	72,869		72,869		—		72,869		—		Total deposits	82,339		82,334		—		82,334		—

Acceptances outstanding	Acceptances outstanding	1		1		1		—		—		Acceptances outstanding	5		5		5		—		—
Medium- and long-term debt	Medium- and long-term debt	5,728		5,790		—		5,790		—		Medium- and long-term debt	2,796		2,854		—		2,854		—
Credit-related financial instruments	Credit-related financial instruments	(68)		(68)		—		—		(68)		Credit-related financial instruments	(59)		(59)		—		—		(59)

(a)Included ~~$148~~$69 million and $150 million of loans recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

(b)Certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value have not been classified in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value amounts presented in the table are intended to permit reconciliation of the fair value hierarchy to the amounts presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

NOTE 3 - INVESTMENT SECURITIES

A summary of the Corporation’s investment securities, which are defined by the Corporation as debt securities reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheet as investment securities available-for-sale, follows:


(in millions)	(in millions)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		(in millions)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
September 30, 2021
September 30, 2022										September 30, 2022
Investment securities available-for-sale:	Investment securities available-for-sale:									Investment securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	U.S. Treasury securities	$	3,417	$	34	$	22	$	3,429	U.S. Treasury securities	$	2,918	$	—	$	162	$	2,756
Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	13,175		114		126		13,163		Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	14,390		—		2,338		12,052
Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)	Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)	258		—		4		254		Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)	5,251		—		607		4,644

Total investment securities available-for-sale	Total investment securities available-for-sale	$	16,850	$	148	$	152	$	16,846	Total investment securities available-for-sale	$	22,559	$	—	$	3,107	$	19,452

December 31, 2020
December 31, 2021										December 31, 2021
Investment securities available-for-sale:	Investment securities available-for-sale:									Investment securities available-for-sale:
U.S. Treasury securities	U.S. Treasury securities	$	4,583	$	76	$	1	$	4,658	U.S. Treasury securities	$	3,010	$	22	$	39	$	2,993
Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	10,169		203		2		10,370		Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	13,397		67		176		13,288
Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)										Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)	709		2		6		705

Total investment securities available-for-sale	Total investment securities available-for-sale	$	14,752	$	279	$	3	$	15,028	Total investment securities available-for-sale	$	17,116	$	91	$	221	$	16,986

(a)Issued and/or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises.

A summary of the Corporation’s investment securities in an unrealized loss position as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 follows:


		Temporarily Impaired
		Less than 12 Months				12 Months or more				Total					Less than 12 Months				12 Months or more				Total
(in millions)	(in millions)	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		(in millions)	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
September 30, 2021
September 30, 2022														September 30, 2022
U.S. Treasury securities	U.S. Treasury securities	$	992	$	8	$	832	$	14	$	1,824	$	22	U.S. Treasury securities	$	1,093	$	8	$	1,663	$	154	$	2,756	$	162
Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	6,872		107		391		19		7,263		126		Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	7,648		1,157		4,398		1,181		12,046		2,338
Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)	Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)	254		4		—		—		254		4		Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)	4,477		564		167		43		4,644		607
Total temporarily impaired securities	Total temporarily impaired securities	$	8,118	$	119	$	1,223	$	33	$	9,341	$	152	Total temporarily impaired securities	$	13,218	$	1,729	$	6,228	$	1,378	$	19,446	$	3,107
December 31, 2020
December 31, 2021														December 31, 2021
U.S. Treasury securities	U.S. Treasury securities	$	1,119	$	1	$	—	$	—	$	1,119	$	1	U.S. Treasury securities	$	465	$	6	$	1,334	$	33	$	1,799	$	39
Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	952		2		—		—		952		2		Residential mortgage-backed securities (a)	7,197		128		1,128		48		8,325		176
Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)														Commercial mortgage-backed securities (a)	346		6		—		—		346		6
Total temporarily impaired securities	Total temporarily impaired securities	$	2,071	$	3	$	—	$	—	$	2,071	$	3	Total temporarily impaired securities	$	8,008	$	140	$	2,462	$	81	$	10,470	$	221

(a)Issued and/or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies or U.S. government-sponsored enterprises.

Unrealized losses on investment securities resulted from changes in market interest ~~rates and liquidity.~~rates. The Corporation’s portfolio is comprised of securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or government-sponsored enterprises. As such, it is expected that the securities would not be settled at a price less than the amortized cost of the investments. Further, the Corporation does not intend to sell the investments, and it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell the investments before recovery of amortized costs. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, the Corporation had ~~390~~1,290 securities in an unrealized loss position with no allowance for credit losses, comprised of 2028 U.S. Treasury securities, ~~345~~1,008 residential mortgage-backed securities and 25254 commercial mortgage-backed securities.

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

Interest receivable on investment securities totaled ~~$22~~$48 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~$18~~$36 million at December 31, ~~2020~~2021 and was included in accrued income and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Sales, calls and write-downs of investment securities available-for-sale, computed based on the adjusted cost of the specific security, resulted in no gains or losses during the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021 or September 30, 2020 or the~~and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021. There were $1 million of gains and $1 million of losses for the nine months ended~~2022 or September 30, ~~2020.~~2021.

The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair values of ~~debt~~investment securities by contractual maturity. Securities with multiple maturity dates are classified in the period of final maturity. The actual cash flows of mortgage-backed securities may differ as borrowers of the underlying loans may exercise prepayment options. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

(in millions)
September 30, 2021 Amortized Cost Fair Value
Contractual maturity
Within one year $ 469 $ 472
After one year through five years 3,143 3,163
After five years through ten years 902 915
After ten years 12,336 12,296
Total investment securities $ 16,850 $ 16,846

Included in the contractual maturity distribution in the table above were residential mortgage-backed securities with a total amortized cost and fair value of $13.2 billion and commercial mortgage-backed securities with a total amortized cost of $258 million and a fair value of $254 million. The actual cash flows of mortgage-backed securities may differ as borrowers of the underlying loans may exercise prepayment options.



(in millions)
September 30, 2022	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Contractual maturity
Within one year	$	1,101	$	1,092
After one year through five years	2,061		1,898
After five years through ten years	5,522		4,910
After ten years	13,875		11,552


Total investment securities	$	22,559	$	19,452

At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, investment securities with a carrying value of ~~$3.9~~$2.8 billion were pledged where permitted or required by law, including ~~$2.4~~$1.1 billion pledged to the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) as collateral for potential future borrowings ~~of approximately $2.3 billion~~ and ~~$1.4~~$1.7 billion to secure ~~$926 million~~$1.2 billion of liabilities, primarily public and other deposits of state and local government agencies as well as derivative instruments. For information on FHLB borrowings, refer to Note 7.

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

NOTE 4 – CREDIT QUALITY AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

The following table presents an aging analysis of the amortized cost basis of loans.


		Loans Past Due and Still Accruing															Loans Past Due and Still Accruing
(in millions)	(in millions)	30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days or More		Total		Nonaccrual Loans		Current Loans (a)		Total Loans		(in millions)	30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days or More		Total		Nonaccrual Loans		Current Loans (a)		Total Loans
September 30, 2021
September 30, 2022																September 30, 2022
Business loans:	Business loans:															Business loans:
Commercial	Commercial	$	51	$	6	$	3	$	60	$	200	$	28,095	$	28,355	Commercial	$	247	$	44	$	64	$	355	$	154	$	30,204	$	30,713
Real estate construction:	Real estate construction:															Real estate construction:
Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	17		—		—		17		—		2,471		2,488		Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	—		—		—		—		—		2,022		2,022
Other business lines (c)	Other business lines (c)	—		6		3		9		6		507		522		Other business lines (c)	—		—		2		2		4		589		595
Total real estate construction	Total real estate construction	17		6		3		26		6		2,978		3,010		Total real estate construction	—		—		2		2		4		2,611		2,617
Commercial mortgage:	Commercial mortgage:															Commercial mortgage:
Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	7		—		—		7		2		3,404		3,413		Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	32		—		—		32		1		4,068		4,101
Other business lines (c)	Other business lines (c)	34		11		1		46		28		7,728		7,802		Other business lines (c)	21		7		4		32		24		8,281		8,337
Total commercial mortgage	Total commercial mortgage	41		11		1		53		30		11,132		11,215		Total commercial mortgage	53		7		4		64		25		12,349		12,438
Lease financing	Lease financing	6		—		—		6		—		563		569		Lease financing	6		—		—		6		—		707		713
International	International	9		1		1		11		8		1,112		1,131		International	6		—		—		6		5		1,205		1,216
Total business loans	Total business loans	124		24		8		156		244		43,880		44,280		Total business loans	312		51		70		433		188		47,076		47,697

Retail loans:	Retail loans:															Retail loans:
Residential mortgage	Residential mortgage	12		1		—		13		35		1,765		1,813		Residential mortgage	9		2		—		11		56		1,686		1,753
Consumer:	Consumer:															Consumer:
Home equity	Home equity	7		1		—		8		12		1,537		1,557		Home equity	6		1		—		7		14		1,687		1,708
Other consumer	Other consumer	—		—		4		4		—		541		545		Other consumer	31		3		2		36		1		517		554
Total consumer	Total consumer	7		1		4		12		12		2,078		2,102		Total consumer	37		4		2		43		15		2,204		2,262
Total retail loans	Total retail loans	19		2		4		25		47		3,843		3,915		Total retail loans	46		6		2		54		71		3,890		4,015
Total loans	Total loans	$	143	$	26	$	12	$	181	$	291	$	47,723	$	48,195	Total loans	$	358	$	57	$	72	$	487	$	259	$	50,966	$	51,712
December 31, 2020
December 31, 2021																December 31, 2021
Business loans:	Business loans:															Business loans:
Commercial	Commercial	$	62	$	115	$	33	$	210	$	252	$	32,291	$	32,753	Commercial	$	35	$	18	$	6	$	59	$	173	$	29,134	$	29,366
Real estate construction:	Real estate construction:															Real estate construction:
Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	31		—		—		31		—		3,626		3,657		Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	—		—		—		—		—		2,391		2,391
Other business lines (c)	Other business lines (c)	9		—		—		9		1		415		425		Other business lines (c)	15		1		—		16		6		535		557
Total real estate construction	Total real estate construction	40		—		—		40		1		4,041		4,082		Total real estate construction	15		1		—		16		6		2,926		2,948
Commercial mortgage:	Commercial mortgage:															Commercial mortgage:
Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	51		1		—		52		3		2,218		2,273		Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	—		—		—		—		1		3,337		3,338
Other business lines (c)	Other business lines (c)	48		40		5		93		26		7,520		7,639		Other business lines (c)	18		4		16		38		31		7,848		7,917
Total commercial mortgage	Total commercial mortgage	99		41		5		145		29		9,738		9,912		Total commercial mortgage	18		4		16		38		32		11,185		11,255
Lease financing	Lease financing	14		—		1		15		1		578		594		Lease financing	5		—		—		5		—		635		640
International	International	—		—		—		—		—		926		926		International	5		8		1		14		5		1,189		1,208
Total business loans	Total business loans	215		156		39		410		283		47,574		48,267		Total business loans	78		31		23		132		216		45,069		45,417

Retail loans:	Retail loans:															Retail loans:
Residential mortgage	Residential mortgage	11		4		—		15		47		1,768		1,830		Residential mortgage	4		—		—		4		36		1,731		1,771
Consumer:	Consumer:															Consumer:
Home equity	Home equity	7		1		—		8		17		1,563		1,588		Home equity	4		3		—		7		12		1,514		1,533
Other consumer	Other consumer	10		—		6		16		—		590		606		Other consumer	32		1		4		37		—		527		564
Total consumer	Total consumer	17		1		6		24		17		2,153		2,194		Total consumer	36		4		4		44		12		2,041		2,097
Total retail loans	Total retail loans	28		5		6		39		64		3,921		4,024		Total retail loans	40		4		4		48		48		3,772		3,868
Total loans	Total loans	$	243	$	161	$	45	$	449	$	347	$	51,495	$	52,291	Total loans	$	118	$	35	$	27	$	180	$	264	$	48,841	$	49,285

(a)Includes ~~$35 million and $141~~$22 million of loans with deferred payments not considered past due in accordance with the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act) at ~~September 30, 2021 and~~ December 31, ~~2020, respectively.~~2021.

(b)Primarily loans to real estate developers.

(c)Primarily loans secured by owner-occupied real estate.

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

The following table presents loans by credit quality indicator (CQI) and vintage year. CQI is based on internal risk ratings assigned to each business loan at the time of approval and subjected to subsequent reviews, generally at least annually, and to pools of retail loans with similar risk characteristics. Vintage year is the year of origination or major modification.


		September 30, 2021																					September 30, 2022
		Vintage Year																					Vintage Year
(in millions)	(in millions)	2021			2020			2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolvers		Revolvers Converted to Term		Total		(in millions)	2022			2021			2020			2019		2018		Prior		Revolvers		Revolvers Converted to Term		Total
Business loans:	Business loans:																					Business loans:
Commercial:	Commercial:																					Commercial:
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	$	3,891	(b)	$	2,149	(b)	$	1,670	$	1,122	$	779	$	863	$	16,606	$	12	$	27,092	Pass (a)	$	3,311	(b)	$	3,786	(b)	$	1,060	(b)	$	1,111	$	631	$	1,108	$	18,410	$	8	$	29,425

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	67			102			138		93		33		143		685		2		1,263		Criticized (c)	36			223			112			81		55		85		694		2		1,288

Total commercial	Total commercial	3,958			2,251			1,808		1,215		812		1,006		17,291		14		28,355		Total commercial	3,347			4,009			1,172			1,192		686		1,193		19,104		10		30,713
Real estate construction	Real estate construction																					Real estate construction
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	262			899			977		425		189		35		157		—		2,944		Pass (a)	448			969			748			230		66		30		122		—		2,613

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	—			3			30		14		8		8		3		—		66		Criticized (c)	—			—			3			—		1		—		—		—		4

Total real estate construction	Total real estate construction	262			902			1,007		439		197		43		160		—		3,010		Total real estate construction	448			969			751			230		67		30		122		—		2,617
Commercial mortgage	Commercial mortgage																					Commercial mortgage
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	1,655			2,003			1,504		1,547		1,135		2,588		445		—		10,877		Pass (a)	2,425			2,480			1,770			1,445		1,136		2,435		575		—		12,266

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	11			44			66		30		27		151		9		—		338		Criticized (c)	6			16			11			36		30		73		—		—		172

Total commercial mortgage	Total commercial mortgage	1,666			2,047			1,570		1,577		1,162		2,739		454		—		11,215		Total commercial mortgage	2,431			2,496			1,781			1,481		1,166		2,508		575		—		12,438
Lease financing	Lease financing																					Lease financing
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	62			93			103		54		40		183		—		—		535		Pass (a)	236			148			70			51		39		141		—		—		685

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	—			2			21		9		1		1		—		—		34		Criticized (c)	10			—			2			8		7		1		—		—		28

Total lease financing	Total lease financing	62			95			124		63		41		184		—		—		569		Total lease financing	246			148			72			59		46		142		—		—		713
International	International																					International
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	281			135			154		31		4		16		448		—		1,069		Pass (a)	287			206			59			72		21		15		499		—		1,159

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	20			13			3		8		4		8		6		—		62		Criticized (c)	7			5			3			—		5		10		27		—		57

Total international	Total international	301			148			157		39		8		24		454		—		1,131		Total international	294			211			62			72		26		25		526		—		1,216
Total business loans	Total business loans	6,249			5,443			4,666		3,333		2,220		3,996		18,359		14		44,280		Total business loans	6,766			7,833			3,838			3,034		1,991		3,898		20,327		10		47,697
Retail loans:	Retail loans:																					Retail loans:
Residential mortgage	Residential mortgage																					Residential mortgage
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	363			577			187		85		122		443		—		—		1,777		Pass (a)	242			398			484			135		70		366		—		—		1,695

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	1			—			1		2		7		25		—		—		36		Criticized (c)	1			4			1			8		3		41		—		—		58

Total residential mortgage	Total residential mortgage	364			577			188		87		129		468		—		—		1,813		Total residential mortgage	243			402			485			143		73		407		—		—		1,753
Consumer:	Consumer:																					Consumer:
Home equity	Home equity																					Home equity
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	—			—			—		—		—		13		1,477		52		1,542		Pass (a)	—			—			—			—		—		10		1,642		39		1,691

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	—			—			—		—		—		—		10		5		15		Criticized (c)	—			—			—			—		—		—		14		3		17

Total home equity	Total home equity	—			—			—		—		—		13		1,487		57		1,557		Total home equity	—			—			—			—		—		10		1,656		42		1,708
Other consumer	Other consumer																					Other consumer
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	68			72			17		9		1		33		341		—		541		Pass (a)	75			39			59			8		1		10		360		—		552

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	—			—			—		—		—		—		4		—		4		Criticized (c)	—			—			—			2		—		—		—		—		2

Total other consumer	Total other consumer	68			72			17		9		1		33		345		—		545		Total other consumer	75			39			59			10		1		10		360		—		554
Total consumer	Total consumer	68			72			17		9		1		46		1,832		57		2,102		Total consumer	75			39			59			10		1		20		2,016		42		2,262
Total retail loans	Total retail loans	432			649			205		96		130		514		1,832		57		3,915		Total retail loans	318			441			544			153		74		427		2,016		42		4,015
Total loans	Total loans	$	6,681		$	6,092		$	4,871	$	3,429	$	2,350	$	4,510	$	20,191	$	71	$	48,195	Total loans	$	7,084		$	8,274		$	4,382		$	3,187	$	2,065	$	4,325	$	22,343	$	52	$	51,712

Table continues on the following page.	Table continues on the following page.																					Table continues on the following page.

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries


		December 31, 2020																				December 31, 2021
		Vintage Year																				Vintage Year
		2020			2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Revolvers		Revolvers Converted to Term		Total			2021			2020			2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolvers		Revolvers Converted to Term		Total
Business loans:	Business loans:																				Business loans:
Commercial:	Commercial:																				Commercial:
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	$	5,991	(b)	$	2,316	$	1,563	$	1,051	$	429	$	755	$	18,416	$	17	$	30,538	Pass (a)	$	5,270	(b)	$	1,740	(b)	$	1,528	$	947	$	713	$	763	$	17,241	$	10	$	28,212

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	30			281		191		116		64		166		1,365		2		2,215		Criticized (c)	101			120			105		86		26		94		620		2		1,154
Total commercial	Total commercial	6,021			2,597		1,754		1,167		493		921		19,781		19		32,753		Total commercial	5,371			1,860			1,633		1,033		739		857		17,861		12		29,366
Real estate construction:	Real estate construction:																				Real estate construction:
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	433			1,080		1,244		631		335		141		171		—		4,035		Pass (a)	458			858			849		424		158		34		132		—		2,913

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	3			28		5		8		—		1		2		—		47		Criticized (c)	—			3			—		13		8		8		3		—		35
Total real estate construction	Total real estate construction	436			1,108		1,249		639		335		142		173		—		4,082		Total real estate construction	458			861			849		437		166		42		135		—		2,948
Commercial mortgage:	Commercial mortgage:																				Commercial mortgage:
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	2,053			1,559		1,146		1,120		818		2,272		431		—		9,399		Pass (a)	2,491			1,932			1,444		1,343		1,018		2,298		481		—		11,007

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	47			130		42		45		41		193		15		—		513		Criticized (c)	17			44			50		22		23		87		5		—		248
Total commercial mortgage	Total commercial mortgage	2,100			1,689		1,188		1,165		859		2,465		446		—		9,912		Total commercial mortgage	2,508			1,976			1,494		1,365		1,041		2,385		486		—		11,255
Lease financing	Lease financing																				Lease financing
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	109			122		71		50		14		201		—		—		567		Pass (a)	166			88			97		50		38		179		—		—		618

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	2			17		5		2		1		—		—		—		27		Criticized (c)	—			2			10		8		1		1		—		—		22
Total lease financing	Total lease financing	111			139		76		52		15		201		—		—		594		Total lease financing	166			90			107		58		39		180		—		—		640
International	International																				International
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	274			161		103		11		3		64		245		—		861		Pass (a)	381			141			103		29		1		16		480		—		1,151

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	13			8		18		4		7		2		13		—		65		Criticized (c)	20			10			3		5		4		8		7		—		57
Total international	Total international	287			169		121		15		10		66		258		—		926		Total international	401			151			106		34		5		24		487		—		1,208
Total business loans	Total business loans	8,955			5,702		4,388		3,038		1,712		3,795		20,658		19		48,267		Total business loans	8,904			4,938			4,189		2,927		1,990		3,488		18,969		12		45,417
Retail loans:	Retail loans:																				Retail loans:
Residential mortgage	Residential mortgage																				Residential mortgage
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	639			230		119		197		196		398		—		—		1,779		Pass (a)	443			527			164		83		111		407		—		—		1,735

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	7			2		2		6		2		32		—		—		51		Criticized (c)	5			—			1		2		7		21		—		—		36
Total residential mortgage	Total residential mortgage	646			232		121		203		198		430		—		—		1,830		Total residential mortgage	448			527			165		85		118		428		—		—		1,771
Consumer:	Consumer:																				Consumer:
Home equity	Home equity																				Home equity
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	—			—		—		—		—		15		1,489		63		1,567		Pass (a)	—			—			—		—		—		11		1,460		45		1,516

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	—			—		—		—		—		1		13		7		21		Criticized (c)	—			—			—		—		—		1		12		4		17
Total home equity	Total home equity	—			—		—		—		—		16		1,502		70		1,588		Total home equity	—			—			—		—		—		12		1,472		49		1,533
Other consumer	Other consumer																				Other consumer
Pass (a)	Pass (a)	113			23		12		2		3		41		404		—		598		Pass (a)	101			68			13		9		1		31		337		—		560

Criticized (c)	Criticized (c)	—			—		2		—		—		—		6		—		8		Criticized (c)	—			—			—		—		—		—		4		—		4
Total other consumer	Total other consumer	113			23		14		2		3		41		410		—		606		Total other consumer	101			68			13		9		1		31		341		—		564
Total consumer	Total consumer	113			23		14		2		3		57		1,912		70		2,194		Total consumer	101			68			13		9		1		43		1,813		49		2,097
Total retail loans	Total retail loans	759			255		135		205		201		487		1,912		70		4,024		Total retail loans	549			595			178		94		119		471		1,813		49		3,868
Total loans	Total loans	$	9,714		$	5,957	$	4,523	$	3,243	$	1,913	$	4,282	$	22,570	$	89	$	52,291	Total loans	$	9,453		$	5,533		$	4,367	$	3,021	$	2,109	$	3,959	$	20,782	$	61	$	49,285

(a)Includes all loans not included in the categories of special mention, substandard or nonaccrual.

(b)Includes Small Business Administration Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans of ~~$627~~$46 million and ~~$393~~$458 million ~~in 2021 and 2020, respectively,~~ at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022 and ~~PPP loans of $3.5 billion in 2020 at~~ December 31, ~~2020.~~2021, respectively.

(c)Includes loans with an internal rating of special mention, substandard loans for which the accrual of interest has not been discontinued and nonaccrual loans. Special mention loans have potential credit weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention, such as loans to borrowers who may be experiencing financial difficulties that may result in deterioration of repayment prospects from the borrower at some future date. Accruing substandard loans have a well-defined weakness, or weaknesses, such as loans to borrowers who may be experiencing losses from operations or inadequate liquidity of a degree and duration that jeopardizes the orderly repayment of the loan. Substandard loans are also distinguished by the distinct possibility of loss in the future if these weaknesses are not corrected. Nonaccrual loans are loans for which the accrual of interest has been discontinued. For further information regarding nonaccrual loans, refer to the Nonperforming Assets subheading in Note 1 - Basis of Presentation and Accounting Policies on page ~~F-59~~F-52 in the Corporation's ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report. These categories are generally consistent with the "special mention" and "substandard" categories as defined by regulatory authorities. A minority of nonaccrual loans are consistent with the "doubtful" category.

Loan interest receivable totaled ~~$118~~$202 million and ~~$141~~$120 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively and was included in accrued income and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

Allowance for Credit Losses

The following table details the changes in the allowance for credit losses.


		2021									2020										2022									2021
(in millions)	(in millions)	Business Loans			Retail Loans			Total			Business Loans			Retail Loans			Total			(in millions)	Business Loans			Retail Loans			Total			Business Loans			Retail Loans			Total
Three Months Ended September 30	Three Months Ended September 30																			Three Months Ended September 30
Balance at beginning of period:	Balance at beginning of period:																			Balance at beginning of period:

Allowance for loan losses	Allowance for loan losses	$	589		$	63		$	652		$	943		$	64		$	1,007		Allowance for loan losses	$	502		$	61		$	563		$	589		$	63		$	652
Allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments	Allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments	24			7			31			50			9			59			Allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments	34			12			46			24			7			31
Allowance for credit losses	Allowance for credit losses	613			70			683			993			73			1,066			Allowance for credit losses	536			73			609			613			70			683

Loan charge-offs	Loan charge-offs	(26)			—			(26)			(53)			—			(53)			Loan charge-offs	(25)			(1)			(26)			(26)			—			(26)
Recoveries on loans previously charged-off	Recoveries on loans previously charged-off	22			2			24			18			2			20			Recoveries on loans previously charged-off	12			1			13			22			2			24
Net loan (charge-offs) recoveries	Net loan (charge-offs) recoveries	(4)			2			(2)			(35)			2			(33)			Net loan (charge-offs) recoveries	(13)			—			(13)			(4)			2			(2)
Provision for credit losses:	Provision for credit losses:																			Provision for credit losses:
Provision for loan losses	Provision for loan losses	(31)			(10)			(41)			15			(11)			4			Provision for loan losses	24			2			26			(31)			(10)			(41)
Provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments	Provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments	—			(1)			(1)			1			—			1			Provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments	2			—			2			—			(1)			(1)
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	(31)			(11)			(42)			16			(11)			5			Provision for credit losses	26			2			28			(31)			(11)			(42)

Balance at end of period:	Balance at end of period:																			Balance at end of period:
Allowance for loan losses	Allowance for loan losses	554			55			609			923			55			978			Allowance for loan losses	513			63			576			554			55			609
Allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments	Allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments	24			6			30			51			9			60			Allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments	36			12			48			24			6			30
Allowance for credit losses	Allowance for credit losses	$	578		$	61		$	639		$	974		$	64		$	1,038		Allowance for credit losses	$	549		$	75		$	624		$	578		$	61		$	639
Nine Months Ended September 30	Nine Months Ended September 30																			Nine Months Ended September 30
Balance at beginning of period	Balance at beginning of period																			Balance at beginning of period
Allowance for loan losses	Allowance for loan losses	$	895		$	53		$	948		$	601		$	36		$	637		Allowance for loan losses	$	531		$	57		$	588		$	895		$	53		$	948
Allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments	Allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments	35			9			44			28			3			31			Allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments	24			6			30			35			9			44
Allowance for credit losses	Allowance for credit losses	930			62			992			629			39			668			Allowance for credit losses	555			63			618			930			62			992
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle		—			—			—			(42)			25			(17)

Loan charge-offs	Loan charge-offs	(48)			(2)			(50)			(196)			(3)			(199)			Loan charge-offs	(55)			(2)			(57)			(48)			(2)			(50)
Recoveries on loans previously charged-off	Recoveries on loans previously charged-off	53			3			56			29			3			32			Recoveries on loans previously charged-off	33			3			36			53			3			56
Net loan recoveries (charge-offs)		5			1			6			(167)			—			(167)
Net loan (charge-offs) recoveries																				Net loan (charge-offs) recoveries	(22)			1			(21)			5			1			6
Provision for credit losses:	Provision for credit losses:																			Provision for credit losses:
Provision for loan losses	Provision for loan losses	(346)			1			(345)			531			(6)			525			Provision for loan losses	4			5			9			(346)			1			(345)
Provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments	Provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments	(11)			(3)			(14)			23			6			29			Provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments	12			6			18			(11)			(3)			(14)
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	(357)			(2)			(359)			554			—			554			Provision for credit losses	16			11			27			(357)			(2)			(359)

Balance at end of period:	Balance at end of period:																			Balance at end of period:
Allowance for loan losses	Allowance for loan losses	554			55			609			923			55			978			Allowance for loan losses	513			63			576			554			55			609
Allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments	Allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments	24			6			30			51			9			60			Allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments	36			12			48			24			6			30
Allowance for credit losses	Allowance for credit losses	$	578		$	61		$	639		$	974		$	64		$	1,038		Allowance for credit losses	$	549		$	75		$	624		$	578		$	61		$	639
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans	Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans	1.25		%	1.42		%	1.26		%	1.91		%	1.35		%	1.87		%	Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans	1.07		%	1.58		%	1.11		%	1.25		%	1.42		%	1.26		%
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans excluding PPP loans		1.28			n/a			1.29			2.07			n/a			2.01

Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans	Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans	1.30			1.57			1.33			2.02			1.57			1.98			Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans	1.15			1.88			1.21			1.30			1.57			1.33
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans excluding PPP loans		1.34			n/a			1.35			2.19			n/a			2.14

~~n/a - not applicable~~

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

Nonaccrual Loans

The following table presents additional information regarding nonaccrual loans. ~~No interest~~Interest income of $3 million and $4 million was recognized on nonaccrual loans for the ~~three- and nine-month periods~~three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and ~~2020.~~$7 million and $8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.


(in millions)	(in millions)	Nonaccrual Loans with No Related Allowance		Nonaccrual Loans with Related Allowance		Total Nonaccrual Loans		(in millions)	Nonaccrual Loans with No Related Allowance		Nonaccrual Loans with Related Allowance		Total Nonaccrual Loans
September 30, 2021
September 30, 2022								September 30, 2022
Business loans:	Business loans:							Business loans:
Commercial	Commercial	$	20	$	180	$	200	Commercial	$	74	$	80	$	154
Real estate construction:	Real estate construction:							Real estate construction:

Other business lines (a)	Other business lines (a)	—		6		6		Other business lines (a)	—		4		4

Commercial mortgage:	Commercial mortgage:							Commercial mortgage:
Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	1		1		2		Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	—		1		1
Other business lines (a)	Other business lines (a)	6		22		28		Other business lines (a)	4		20		24
Total commercial mortgage	Total commercial mortgage	7		23		30		Total commercial mortgage	4		21		25

International	International	—		8		8		International	5		—		5
Total business loans	Total business loans	27		217		244		Total business loans	83		105		188
Retail loans:	Retail loans:							Retail loans:
Residential mortgage	Residential mortgage	35		—		35		Residential mortgage	56		—		56
Consumer:	Consumer:							Consumer:
Home equity	Home equity	12		—		12		Home equity	14		—		14

Other consumer								Other consumer	1		—		1
Total consumer								Total consumer	15		—		15
Total retail loans	Total retail loans	47		—		47		Total retail loans	71		—		71
Total nonaccrual loans	Total nonaccrual loans	$	74	$	217	$	291	Total nonaccrual loans	$	154	$	105	$	259
December 31, 2020
December 31, 2021								December 31, 2021
Business loans:	Business loans:							Business loans:
Commercial	Commercial	$	57	$	195	$	252	Commercial	$	8	$	165	$	173
Real estate construction:	Real estate construction:							Real estate construction:

Other business lines (a)	Other business lines (a)	—		1		1		Other business lines (a)	—		6		6

Commercial mortgage:	Commercial mortgage:							Commercial mortgage:
Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	1		2		3		Commercial Real Estate business line (b)	—		1		1
Other business lines (a)	Other business lines (a)	5		21		26		Other business lines (a)	4		27		31
Total commercial mortgage	Total commercial mortgage	6		23		29		Total commercial mortgage	4		28		32
Lease financing		—		1		1
International								International	—		5		5
Total business loans	Total business loans	63		220		283		Total business loans	12		204		216
Retail loans:	Retail loans:							Retail loans:
Residential mortgage	Residential mortgage	47		—		47		Residential mortgage	36		—		36
Consumer:	Consumer:							Consumer:
Home equity	Home equity	17		—		17		Home equity	12		—		12

Total retail loans	Total retail loans	64		—		64		Total retail loans	48		—		48
Total nonaccrual loans	Total nonaccrual loans	$	127	$	220	$	347	Total nonaccrual loans	$	60	$	204	$	264

(a)Primarily loans secured by owner-occupied real estate.

(b)Primarily loans to real estate developers.

Foreclosed Properties

Foreclosed properties ~~totaled $1 million~~were insignificant at September 30, ~~2021~~2022, compared to $8$1 million at December 31, ~~2020, respectively. There were no retail~~2021. Retail loans secured by residential real estate properties in process of foreclosure included in nonaccrual loans were insignificant at September 30, ~~2021 and~~2022, compared to none at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

Troubled Debt Restructurings

The following table details the amortized cost basis at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 of loans considered to be TDRs that were restructured during the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, by type of modification. In cases of loans with more than one type of modification, the loans were categorized based on the most significant modification.


		2021						2020							2022						2021 (a)
		Type of Modification						Type of Modification							Type of Modification						Type of Modification
(in millions)	(in millions)	Principal Deferrals (a)		Interest Rate Reductions		Total Modifications		Principal Deferrals (a)		Interest Rate Reductions		Total Modifications		(in millions)	Principal Deferrals (b)		Interest Rate Reductions		Total Modifications		Principal Deferrals (b)		Interest Rate Reductions		Total Modifications
Three Months Ended September 30,	Three Months Ended September 30,													Three Months Ended September 30,

Business loans:														Business loans:
Commercial	Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	11	$	—	$	11	Commercial	$	27	$	—	$	27	$	—	$	—	$	—

Commercial mortgage:	Commercial mortgage:													Commercial mortgage:

Other business lines ~~(b)~~(c)	Other business lines ~~(b)~~(c)	—		—		—		1		—		1		Other business lines ~~(b)~~(c)	7		—		7		—		—		—

Total business loans	Total business loans	—		—		—		12		—		12		Total business loans	34		—		34		—		—		—

Retail loans:	Retail loans:													Retail loans:

Consumer:
Home equity (c)		—		—		—		—		1		1
Residential mortgage														Residential mortgage	—		5		5		—		—		—

Total retail loans		—		—		—		—		1		1

Total loans	Total loans	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	12	$	1	$	13	Total loans	$	34	$	5	$	39	$	—	$	—	$	—
Nine Months Ended September 30,	Nine Months Ended September 30,													Nine Months Ended September 30,
Business loans:	Business loans:													Business loans:
Commercial	Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	26	$	—	$	26	Commercial	$	34	$	—	$	34	$	—	$	—	$	—
Real estate construction:														Real estate construction:

Other business lines (c)														Other business lines (c)	3		—		$	3	—		—		—

Commercial mortgage:	Commercial mortgage:													Commercial mortgage:

Other business lines (b)		—		—		—		2		—		2
Other business lines (c)														Other business lines (c)	15		—		15		—		—		—

Total business loans	Total business loans	—		—		—		28		—		28		Total business loans	52		—		52		—		—		—
Retail loans:	Retail loans:													Retail loans:

Residential mortgage														Residential mortgage	—		5		5		—		—		—
Consumer:	Consumer:													Consumer:
Home equity ~~(c)~~(d)	Home equity ~~(c)~~(d)	—		1		1		—		1		1		Home equity ~~(c)~~(d)	1		—		1		—		1		1

Total retail loans		—		1		1		—		1		1

Total loans	Total loans	$	—	$	1	$	1	$	28	$	1	$	29	Total loans	$	53	$	5	$	58	$	—	$	1	$	1

(a)Under the provisions of the CARES Act, qualifying COVID-19-related modifications, primarily principal deferrals, were not considered TDRs during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

(b)Primarily represents loan balances where terms were extended by more than an insignificant time period, typically more than 180 days, at or above contractual interest rates. Also includes commercial loans restructured in bankruptcy.

~~(b)~~(c)Primarily loans secured by owner-occupied real estate.

~~(c)~~(d)Includes bankruptcy loans for which the court has discharged the borrower's obligation and the borrower has not reaffirmed the debt.

The Corporation charges interest on principal balances outstanding during deferral periods. Additionally, none of the modifications involved forgiveness of principal. ~~There were no commitments~~Commitments to lend additional funds to borrowers whose terms have been modified in TDRs were $1 million at September 30, ~~2021 and~~2022 compared to none at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021, respectively. On an ongoing basis, the Corporation monitors the performance of modified loans to their restructured terms. The allowance for loan losses continues to be reassessed on the basis of an individual evaluation of the loan. Loans with terms extended by more than an insignificant time period in accordance with the provisions of the CARES Act, primarily retail loans, were $33 million at September 30, 2021 and not reported as TDRs.

For principal deferrals, incremental deterioration in the credit quality of the loan, represented by a downgrade in the risk rating of the loan, for example, due to missed interest payments or a reduction of collateral value, is considered a subsequent default. For interest rate reductions, a subsequent payment default is defined in terms of delinquency, when a principal or interest payment is 90 days past due. Of the TDRs modified during the twelve-month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, there were $6 million subsequent defaults of principal deferrals and ~~2020,~~no interest rate reductions for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022, compared to insignificant subsequent defaults of principal deferrals or interest rate reductions ~~were insignificant for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2021, compared to $6 million and $11 million of principal deferrals and no interest rate reductions~~ in the comparable period in ~~2020.~~2021.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

NOTE 5 - DERIVATIVE AND CREDIT-RELATED FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

In the normal course of business, the Corporation enters into various transactions involving derivative and credit-related financial instruments to manage exposure to fluctuations in interest rate, foreign currency and other market risks and to meet the financing needs of customers (customer-initiated derivatives). These financial instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of market and credit risk. Market and credit risk are included in the determination of fair value.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)~~

~~Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries~~

Market risk is the potential loss that may result from movements in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates or energy commodity prices that cause an unfavorable change in the value of a financial instrument. The Corporation manages this risk by establishing monetary exposure limits and monitoring compliance with those limits. Market risk inherent in interest rate and energy contracts entered into on behalf of customers is mitigated by taking offsetting positions, except in those circumstances when the amount, tenor and/or contract rate level results in negligible economic risk, whereby the cost of purchasing an offsetting contract is not economically justifiable. The Corporation mitigates most of the inherent market risk in foreign exchange contracts entered into on behalf of customers by taking offsetting positions and manages the remainder through individual foreign currency position limits and aggregate value-at-risk limits. These limits are established annually and positions are monitored quarterly. Market risk inherent in derivative instruments held or issued for risk management purposes is typically offset by changes in the fair value of the assets or liabilities being hedged.

Credit risk is the possible loss that may occur in the event of nonperformance by the counterparty to a financial instrument. The Corporation attempts to minimize credit risk arising from customer-initiated derivatives by evaluating the creditworthiness of each customer, adhering to the same credit approval process used for traditional lending activities and obtaining collateral as deemed necessary. Derivatives with dealer counterparties are either cleared through a clearinghouse or settled directly with a single counterparty. For derivatives settled directly with dealer counterparties, the Corporation utilizes counterparty risk limits and monitoring procedures as well as master netting arrangements and bilateral collateral agreements to facilitate the management of credit risk.

Included in the fair value of derivative instruments are credit valuation adjustments reflecting counterparty credit risk. These adjustments are determined by applying a credit spread for the counterparty or the Corporation, as appropriate, to the total expected exposure of the derivative. Master netting arrangements effectively reduce credit valuation adjustments by permitting settlement of positive and negative positions and offset cash collateral held with the same counterparty on a net basis. Bilateral collateral agreements require daily exchange of cash or highly rated securities issued by the U.S. Treasury or other U.S. government entities to collateralize amounts due to either party. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, counterparties with bilateral collateral agreements deposited ~~$14~~$196 million of cash with the Corporation to secure the fair value of contracts in an unrealized gain position, and the Corporation had pledged ~~$58~~$127 million of marketable investment securities and posted ~~$701~~$280 million of cash as collateral for contracts in an unrealized loss position. For those counterparties not covered under bilateral collateral agreements, collateral is obtained, if deemed necessary, based on the results of management’s credit evaluation of the counterparty. Collateral varies, but may include cash, investment securities, accounts receivable, equipment or real estate. Included in the fair value of derivative instruments are credit valuation adjustments reflecting counterparty credit risk. These adjustments are determined by applying a credit spread for the counterparty or the Corporation, as appropriate, to the total expected exposure of the derivative.

Derivative Instruments

Derivative instruments utilized by the Corporation are negotiated over-the-counter and primarily include swaps, caps and floors, forward contracts and options, each of which may relate to interest rates, energy commodity prices or foreign currency exchange rates. Swaps are agreements in which two parties periodically exchange cash payments based on specified indices applied to a specified notional amount until a stated maturity. Caps and floors are agreements which entitle the buyer to receive cash payments based on the difference between a specified reference rate or price and an agreed strike rate or price, applied to a specified notional amount until a stated maturity. Forward contracts are over-the-counter agreements to buy or sell an asset at a specified future date and price. Options are similar to forward contracts except the purchaser has the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell the asset during a specified period or at a specified future date.

Over-the-counter contracts are tailored to meet the needs of the counterparties involved and, therefore, contain a greater degree of credit risk and liquidity risk than exchange-traded contracts, which have standardized terms and readily available price information. The Corporation reduces exposure to market and liquidity risks from over-the-counter derivative instruments entered into for risk management purposes, and transactions entered into to mitigate the market risk associated with customer-initiated transactions, by taking offsetting positions with investment grade domestic and foreign financial institutions and subjecting counterparties to credit approvals, limits and collateral monitoring procedures similar to those used in making other extensions of credit. In addition, certain derivative contracts executed bilaterally with a dealer counterparty in the over-the-counter market are cleared through a clearinghouse, whereby the clearinghouse becomes the counterparty to the transaction.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

The following table presents the composition of the Corporation’s derivative instruments held or issued for risk management purposes or in connection with customer-initiated and other activities at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. The table excludes a derivative related to the Corporation's 2008 sale of its remaining ownership of Visa shares and includes accrued interest receivable and payable.


		September 30, 2021						December 31, 2020							September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
				Fair Value						Fair Value							Fair Value						Fair Value
(in millions)	(in millions)	Notional/ Contract Amount (a)		Gross Derivative Assets		Gross Derivative Liabilities		Notional/ Contract Amount (a)		Gross Derivative Assets		Gross Derivative Liabilities		(in millions)	Notional/ Contract Amount (a)		Gross Derivative Assets		Gross Derivative Liabilities		Notional/ Contract Amount (a)		Gross Derivative Assets		Gross Derivative Liabilities
Risk management purposes	Risk management purposes													Risk management purposes
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	Derivatives designated as hedging instruments													Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts:	Interest rate contracts:													Interest rate contracts:
Swaps - fair value - receive fixed/pay floating		$	2,650	$	—	$	—	$	2,650	$	—	$	—
Swaps - cash flow - receive fixed/pay floating		5,250		—		—		5,550		—		—
Fair value swaps - receive fixed/pay floating														Fair value swaps - receive fixed/pay floating	$	3,150	$	—	$	—	$	2,650	$	—	$	—
Cash flow swaps - receive fixed/pay floating (b)														Cash flow swaps - receive fixed/pay floating (b)	26,100		—		109		8,050		—		—
Derivatives used as economic hedges	Derivatives used as economic hedges													Derivatives used as economic hedges
Foreign exchange contracts:	Foreign exchange contracts:													Foreign exchange contracts:
Spot, forwards and swaps	Spot, forwards and swaps	401		2		—		442		1		4		Spot, forwards and swaps	460		4		3		452		—		2
Total risk management purposes	Total risk management purposes	8,301		2		—		8,642		1		4		Total risk management purposes	29,710		4		112		11,152		—		2
Customer-initiated and other activities	Customer-initiated and other activities													Customer-initiated and other activities
Interest rate contracts:	Interest rate contracts:													Interest rate contracts:
Caps and floors written	Caps and floors written	895		—		1		869		—		—		Caps and floors written	924		—		23		809		—		3
Caps and floors purchased	Caps and floors purchased	895		1		—		869		—		—		Caps and floors purchased	924		23		—		809		3		—
Swaps	Swaps	20,601		325		61		19,783		531		61		Swaps	18,623		189		609		19,382		236		66
Total interest rate contracts	Total interest rate contracts	22,391		326		62		21,521		531		61		Total interest rate contracts	20,471		212		632		21,000		239		69
Energy contracts:	Energy contracts:													Energy contracts:
Caps and floors written	Caps and floors written	1,004		1		145		503		1		33		Caps and floors written	4,076		—		544		1,779		—		203
Caps and floors purchased	Caps and floors purchased	1,004		145		1		503		33		1		Caps and floors purchased	4,076		544		—		1,779		204		—
Swaps	Swaps	3,930		623		618		2,115		117		115		Swaps	6,590		781		772		4,212		466		459
Total energy contracts	Total energy contracts	5,938		769		764		3,121		151		149		Total energy contracts	14,742		1,325		1,316		7,770		670		662
Foreign exchange contracts:	Foreign exchange contracts:													Foreign exchange contracts:
Spot, forwards, options and swaps	Spot, forwards, options and swaps	1,649		16		12		1,901		17		15		Spot, forwards, options and swaps	2,458		76		71		1,716		19		14
Total customer-initiated and other activities	Total customer-initiated and other activities	29,978		1,111		838		26,543		699		225		Total customer-initiated and other activities	37,671		1,613		2,019		30,486		928		745
Total gross derivatives	Total gross derivatives	$	38,279	$	1,113	$	838	$	35,185	$	700	$	229	Total gross derivatives	$	67,381	1,617		2,131		$	41,638	928		747
Amounts offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:	Amounts offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:													Amounts offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Netting adjustment - Offsetting derivative assets/liabilities	Netting adjustment - Offsetting derivative assets/liabilities			(77)		(77)				(83)		(83)		Netting adjustment - Offsetting derivative assets/liabilities			(785)		(785)				(187)		(187)
Netting adjustment - Cash collateral received/posted	Netting adjustment - Cash collateral received/posted			(11)		(661)				(17)		(48)		Netting adjustment - Cash collateral received/posted			(194)		(277)				(15)		(452)
Net derivatives included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets ~~(b)~~(c)	Net derivatives included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets ~~(b)~~(c)			1,025		100				600		98		Net derivatives included in the Consolidated Balance Sheets ~~(b)~~(c)			638		1,069				726		108
Amounts not offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:	Amounts not offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:													Amounts not offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets:
Marketable securities pledged under bilateral collateral agreements	Marketable securities pledged under bilateral collateral agreements			—		(57)				—		(42)		Marketable securities pledged under bilateral collateral agreements			(28)		(128)				—		(52)
Net derivatives after deducting amounts not offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets	Net derivatives after deducting amounts not offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets			$	1,025	$	43			$	600	$	56	Net derivatives after deducting amounts not offset in the Consolidated Balance Sheets			$	610	$	941			$	726	$	56

(a)Notional or contractual amounts, which represent the extent of involvement in the derivatives market, are used to determine the contractual cash flows required in accordance with the terms of the agreement. These amounts are typically not exchanged, significantly exceed amounts subject to credit or market risk and are not reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

(b)September 30, 2022 included $10.8 billion of forward starting swaps that will become effective on their contractual start dates in 2022, 2023 and 2024.

(c)Net derivative assets are included in accrued income and other assets and net derivative liabilities are included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Included in the fair value of net derivative assets and net derivative liabilities are credit valuation adjustments reflecting counterparty credit risk and credit risk of the Corporation. The fair value of net derivative assets included credit valuation adjustments for counterparty credit risk of ~~$13~~$3 million and ~~$27~~$9 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

Risk Management

The Corporation's derivative instruments used for managing interest rate risk include cash flow hedging strategies that convert variable-rate loans to fixed rates and fair value hedging strategies that convert fixed-rate medium- and long-term debt to variable rates. Interest and fees on loans included $(2) million and $24 million of cash flow hedge (loss) income for ~~both~~ the three-month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and ~~2020,~~$45 million and $72 ~~million and $46~~ million for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, ~~and 2020,~~ respectively. ~~In the second quarter of 2021, interest rate swap agreements with a notional amount of $300 million outstanding matured.~~

The following table details the effects of fair value hedging on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.


		Interest on Medium- and Long-Term Debt									Interest on Medium- and Long-Term Debt
		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020		(in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Total interest on medium- and long-term debt (a)	Total interest on medium- and long-term debt (a)	$	9	$	11	$	27	$	70	Total interest on medium- and long-term debt (a)	$	26	$	9	$	47	$	27
Fair value hedging relationships:	Fair value hedging relationships:									Fair value hedging relationships:
Interest rate contracts:	Interest rate contracts:									Interest rate contracts:
Hedged items	Hedged items	25		26		76		84		Hedged items	28		25		79		76
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	(17)		(16)		(51)		(34)		Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	(2)		(17)		(32)		(51)

(a) Includes the effects of hedging.

For information on accumulated net (losses) gains on cash flow hedges, refer to Note 8.

The following ~~table summarizes~~tables summarize the expected weighted average remaining maturity of the notional amount of risk management interest rate swaps, ~~the carrying amount of the related hedged items and~~ the weighted average interest rates associated with amounts expected to be received or paid on interest rate swap agreements, and for fair value swaps, the carrying amount of the related hedged items, as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~

2021.

Cash flow swaps - receive fixed/pay floating rate on variable-rate loans

(dollar amounts in millions) September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Derivative notional amount $ 5,250 $ 5,550
Weighted average:
   Remaining maturity (in years) 1.6 2.3
   Receive rate 1.85 % 1.87 %
   Pay rate (a) 0.09 0.15


	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Weighted average:
Time to maturity (in years)	4.7		2.4
Receive rate (a)	2.20	%	1.84	%
Pay rate (a), (b)	2.48		0.10

(a)Excludes forward starting swaps not effective as of the period shown. September 30, 2022 excluded $10.8 billion of forward starting swaps. December 31, 2021 excluded $3.0 billion of forward starting swaps.

(b)Variable rates paid on receive fixed swaps designated as cash flow hedges are based on one-month LIBOR, BSBY or Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) rates in effect at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~

2021. Derivative contracts with maturity dates beyond the LIBOR cessation date will fall back to the daily SOFR with a spread adjustment.

Fair value swaps - receive fixed/pay floating rate on medium- and long-term debt


(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2021			December 31, 2020			(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Derivative notional amount		$	2,650		$	2,650
Carrying value of hedged items (a)	Carrying value of hedged items (a)	2,837			2,928			Carrying value of hedged items (a)	$	3,016		$	2,796
Weighted average:	Weighted average:							Weighted average:
Remaining maturity (in years)		3.9			4.6
Time to maturity (in years)								Time to maturity (in years)	4.2			3.6
Receive rate	Receive rate	3.68		%	3.68		%	Receive rate	3.52		%	3.68		%
Pay rate (b)	Pay rate (b)	1.07			1.16			Pay rate (b)	3.87			1.08

(a)Included ~~$187~~$(132) million and ~~$279~~$145 million of cumulative hedging adjustments at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively, which included $5$4 million and $6$5 million, respectively, of hedging adjustment on a discontinued hedging relationship.

(b)~~Variable~~Floating rates paid on receive fixed swaps designated as fair value hedges are based on ~~one- and six-month~~one-month LIBOR rates in effect at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Derivative contracts with maturity dates beyond the LIBOR cessation date will fall back to the daily SOFR with a spread adjustment.

Customer-Initiated and Other

The Corporation enters into derivative transactions at the request of customers and generally takes offsetting positions with dealer counterparties to mitigate the inherent market risk. Income primarily results from the spread between the customer derivative and the offsetting dealer position.

For customer-initiated foreign exchange contracts where offsetting positions have not been taken, the Corporation manages the remaining inherent market risk through individual foreign currency position limits and aggregate value-at-risk limits. These limits are established annually and reviewed quarterly. For those customer-initiated derivative contracts which

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

~~limits. These limits are established annually and reviewed quarterly. For those customer-initiated derivative contracts which~~ were not offset or where the Corporation holds a position within the limits described above, the Corporation ~~did not recognize any~~recognized $1 million in net gains orin other noninterest income on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and recognized no net gains and losses for ~~either~~ the ~~three- and nine-month periods~~three months ended September 30, 2021 ~~or 2020.~~and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Fair values of customer-initiated and other derivative instruments represent the net unrealized gains or losses on such contracts and are recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in fair value are recognized on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The net gains ~~(losses)~~ recognized in income on customer-initiated derivative instruments, net of the impact of offsetting positions included in derivative income, were as follows:


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020		(in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Interest rate contracts	Interest rate contracts	$	2	$	1	$	26	$	17	Interest rate contracts	$	9	$	2	$	28	$	26
Energy contracts	Energy contracts	7		(1)		13		2		Energy contracts	14		7		22		13
Foreign exchange contracts	Foreign exchange contracts	11		9		33		29		Foreign exchange contracts	12		11		36		33
Total derivative income		$	20	$	9	$	72	$	48
Total										Total	$	35	$	20	$	86	$	72

Credit-Related Financial Instruments

The Corporation issues off-balance sheet financial instruments in connection with commercial and consumer lending activities. The Corporation’s credit risk associated with these instruments is represented by the contractual amounts indicated in the following table.


(in millions)	(in millions)	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020		(in millions)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Unused commitments to extend credit:	Unused commitments to extend credit:					Unused commitments to extend credit:
Commercial and other	Commercial and other	$	25,945	$	23,443	Commercial and other	$	29,530	$	25,910
Bankcard, revolving credit and home equity loan commitments	Bankcard, revolving credit and home equity loan commitments	3,496		3,297		Bankcard, revolving credit and home equity loan commitments	3,936		3,554
Total unused commitments to extend credit	Total unused commitments to extend credit	$	29,441	$	26,740	Total unused commitments to extend credit	$	33,466	$	29,464
Standby letters of credit	Standby letters of credit	$	3,350	$	3,273	Standby letters of credit	$	3,390	$	3,378
Commercial letters of credit	Commercial letters of credit	60		30		Commercial letters of credit	34		44

The Corporation maintains an allowance to cover current expected credit losses inherent in lending-related commitments, including unused commitments to extend credit, letters of credit and financial guarantees. The allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments, included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, was ~~$30~~$48 million and ~~$44~~$30 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

Unused Commitments to Extend Credit

Commitments to extend credit are legally binding agreements to lend to a customer, provided there is no violation of any condition established in the contract. These commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many commitments expire without being drawn upon, the total contractual amount of commitments does not necessarily represent future cash requirements of the Corporation. Commercial and other unused commitments are primarily variable rate commitments. The allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments included ~~$27~~$44 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~$37~~$27 million at December 31, ~~2020~~2021 for expected credit losses inherent in the Corporation’s unused commitments to extend credit.

Standby and Commercial Letters of Credit

Standby letters of credit represent conditional obligations of the Corporation which guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. Standby letters of credit are primarily issued to support public and private borrowing arrangements, including commercial paper, bond financing and similar transactions. Commercial letters of credit are issued to finance foreign or domestic trade transactions. These contracts expire in decreasing amounts through the year 2028. The Corporation may enter into participation arrangements with third parties that effectively reduce the maximum amount of future payments which may be required under standby and commercial letters of credit. ~~There were~~These risk participations covered $110 million and $98 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, of the $3.4 billion of standby and commercial letters of credit outstanding at both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~$3.3 billion at~~ December 31, ~~2020, of which these risk participations covered $134 million and $150 million, respectively.~~2021.

The carrying value of the Corporation’s standby and commercial letters of credit, included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, totaled $32 million at September 30, ~~2021 and consisted of $29~~2022, including $28 million in deferred fees and $3 million in the allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments. At December 31, 2020, the comparable amounts were $37 million, $30 million and $7 million, respectively.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

deferred fees and $4 million in the allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments. At December 31, 2021, the comparable amounts were $32 million, $29 million and $3 million, respectively.

The following table presents a summary of criticized standby and commercial letters of credit at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. The Corporation's criticized list is generally consistent with the Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful categories defined by regulatory authorities. The Corporation manages credit risk through underwriting, periodically reviewing and approving its credit exposures using Board committee approved credit policies and guidelines.


(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2021			December 31, 2020			(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Total criticized standby and commercial letters of credit	Total criticized standby and commercial letters of credit	$	37		$	73		Total criticized standby and commercial letters of credit	$	35		$	37
As a percentage of total outstanding standby and commercial letters of credit	As a percentage of total outstanding standby and commercial letters of credit	1.1		%	2.2		%	As a percentage of total outstanding standby and commercial letters of credit	1.0		%	1.1		%

Other Credit-Related Financial Instruments

The Corporation enters into credit risk participation agreements, under which the Corporation assumes credit exposure associated with a borrower’s performance related to certain interest rate derivative contracts. The Corporation is not a party to the interest rate derivative contracts and only enters into these credit risk participation agreements in instances in which the Corporation is also a party to the related loan participation agreements for such borrowers. The Corporation manages its credit risk on the credit risk participation agreements by monitoring the creditworthiness of the borrowers, which is based on the normal credit review process as if the Corporation had entered into the derivative instruments directly with the ~~borrowers.~~borrower. The notional amount of such credit risk participation agreements reflects the pro-rata share of the derivative instrument, consistent with its share of the related participated loan. ~~As of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the~~The total notional amount of the credit risk participation agreements was approximately ~~$1.0 billion~~$894 million and $1.1 billion at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and the fair value was ~~$1 million~~insignificant at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and $3$1 million at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. The maximum estimated exposure to these agreements, as measured by projecting a maximum value of the guaranteed derivative instruments, assuming 100 percent default by all obligors on the maximum values, was ~~$37 million and $62 million~~insignificant at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and $30 million at December 31, ~~2020, respectively.~~2021. In the event of default, the lead bank has the ability to liquidate the assets of the borrower, in which case the lead bank would be required to return a percentage of the recouped assets to the participating banks. As of September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, the weighted average remaining maturity of outstanding credit risk participation agreements was ~~4.08~~3.9 years.

In 2008, the Corporation sold its remaining ownership of Visa Class B shares and entered into a derivative contract. Under the terms of the derivative contract, the Corporation will compensate the counterparty primarily for dilutive adjustments made to the conversion factor of the Visa Class B shares to Class A shares based on the ultimate outcome of litigation involving Visa. Conversely, the Corporation will be compensated by the counterparty for any increase in the conversion factor from anti-dilutive adjustments. The notional amount of the derivative contract was equivalent to approximately 780,000 Visa Class B Shares. The fair value of the derivative liability, included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, was $12 million and $13 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

NOTE 6 - VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES (VIEs)

The Corporation evaluates its interest in certain entities to determine if these entities meet the definition of a VIE and whether the Corporation is the primary beneficiary and should consolidate the entity based on the variable interests it held both at inception and when there is a change in circumstances that requires a reconsideration.

The Corporation holds ownership interests in funds in the form of limited partnerships or limited liability companies (LLCs) investing in affordable housing projects that qualify for the low-income housing tax credit (LIHTC). The Corporation also directly invests in limited partnerships and LLCs which invest in community development projects, which generate similar tax credits to investors (other tax credit entities). As an investor, the Corporation obtains income tax credits and deductions from the operating losses of these tax credit entities. These tax credit entities meet the definition of a VIE; however, the Corporation is not the primary beneficiary of the entities, as the general partner or the managing member has both the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the entities and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits that could be significant to the entities.

The Corporation accounts for its interests in LIHTC entities using the proportional amortization method. Ownership interests in other tax credit entities are accounted for under either the cost or equity method. Exposure to loss as a result of the Corporation's involvement in LIHTC entities and other tax credit entities at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 was limited to ~~$444~~$451 million and ~~$20~~$18 million, respectively.

Investment balances, including all legally binding commitments to fund future investments, are included in accrued income and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. A liability is recognized in accrued expenses and other liabilities

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for all legally binding unfunded commitments to fund tax credit entities ($~~166~~176 million at September 30, ~~2021)~~2022). Amortization and other write-downs of LIHTC investments are presented on a net basis as a component of the provision for income taxes on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, while amortization and write-downs of other tax credit investments are recorded in other noninterest income. The income tax credits and deductions are recorded as a reduction of income tax expense and a reduction of federal income taxes payable.

The Corporation provided no financial or other support that was not contractually required to any of the above VIEs during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020.~~

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~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)~~

~~Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries~~

2021.

The following table summarizes the impact of these tax credit entities on the Corporation’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020		(in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Other noninterest income:
Amortization of other tax credit investments		$	(1)	$	—	$	(1)	$	—

Provision for income taxes:	Provision for income taxes:									Provision for income taxes:
Amortization of LIHTC investments	Amortization of LIHTC investments	$	18	$	17	53		51		Amortization of LIHTC investments	$	19	$	18	$	54	$	53
Low income housing tax credits	Low income housing tax credits	(17)		(17)		(50)		(49)		Low income housing tax credits	(18)		(17)		(51)		(50)
Other tax benefits related to tax credit entities	Other tax benefits related to tax credit entities	(5)		(4)		(13)		(11)		Other tax benefits related to tax credit entities	(5)		(5)		(14)		(13)
Total provision for income taxes	Total provision for income taxes	$	(4)	$	(4)	$	(10)	$	(9)	Total provision for income taxes	$	(4)	$	(4)	$	(11)	$	(10)

For further information on the Corporation’s consolidation policy, see Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements in the Corporation's ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report.

NOTE 7 - MEDIUM- AND LONG-TERM DEBT

Medium- and long-term debt is summarized as follows:


(in millions)	(in millions)	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020		(in millions)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Parent company	Parent company					Parent company
Subordinated notes:	Subordinated notes:					Subordinated notes:
3.80% subordinated notes due 2026 (a)	3.80% subordinated notes due 2026 (a)	$	270	$	280	3.80% subordinated notes due 2026 (a)	$	236	$	265
Medium- and long-term notes:	Medium- and long-term notes:					Medium- and long-term notes:
3.70% notes due 2023 (a)		887		905
3.70% notes due July 2023(a)						3.70% notes due July 2023(a)	840		877
4.00% notes due 2029 (a)	4.00% notes due 2029 (a)	602		633		4.00% notes due 2029 (a)	510		594
Total medium- and long-term notes	Total medium- and long-term notes	1,489		1,538		Total medium- and long-term notes	1,350		1,471
Total parent company	Total parent company	1,759		1,818		Total parent company	1,586		1,736
Subsidiaries	Subsidiaries					Subsidiaries
Subordinated notes:	Subordinated notes:					Subordinated notes:
4.00% subordinated notes due 2025 (a)	4.00% subordinated notes due 2025 (a)	369		380		4.00% subordinated notes due 2025 (a)	331		363
7.875% subordinated notes due 2026 (a)	7.875% subordinated notes due 2026 (a)	195		207		7.875% subordinated notes due 2026 (a)	166		190
5.332% subordinated notes due 2033 (a)						5.332% subordinated notes due 2033 (a)	458		—
Total subordinated notes	Total subordinated notes	564		587		Total subordinated notes	955		553
Medium- and long-term notes:	Medium- and long-term notes:					Medium- and long-term notes:
2.50% notes due 2024 (a)	2.50% notes due 2024 (a)	514		523		2.50% notes due 2024 (a)	475		507
Total medium- and long-term notes		514		523
FHLB advances:
Floating-rate based on FHLB auction rate due 2026		—		2,800
Total FHLB advances		—		2,800

Total subsidiaries	Total subsidiaries	1,078		3,910		Total subsidiaries	1,430		1,060
Total medium- and long-term debt	Total medium- and long-term debt	$	2,837	$	5,728	Total medium- and long-term debt	$	3,016	$	2,796

(a)The fixed interest rates on these notes have been swapped to a variable rate and designated in a hedging relationship. Accordingly, carrying value has been adjusted to reflect the change in the fair value of the debt as a result of changes in the benchmark rate.

Subordinated notes with remaining maturities greater than one year qualify as Tier 2 capital.

Comerica Bank (the Bank), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Corporation, is a member of the FHLB, which provides short-and long-term funding to its members through advances collateralized by real estate-related assets. The interest rates on the FHLB advances resets between four and eight weeks, based on the FHLB auction rate. Each note may be prepaid in full, without penalty, at each scheduled reset date. The Bank held no outstanding long-term advances at September 30, 2021. Borrowing capacity is contingent on the amount of collateral available to be pledged to the FHLB. At September 30, ~~2021, $18.6~~2022, $17.9 billion of real estate-related loans and ~~$2.4~~$1.1 billion of investment securities were pledged to the FHLB as collateral ~~with capacity~~ for $500 million in short-term advances and providing an additional $9.6 billion of potential future ~~borrowings~~borrowings.

In third quarter 2022, the Bank issued $500 million of ~~approximately $11.7 billion.~~

~~Unamortized debt issuance costs deducted from~~fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes due in 2033, with a rate of 5.332% for the ~~carrying amount of medium- and long-term debt totaled $8 million at September 30, 2021 and $10 million at December 31, 2020.~~

first ten years. The rate on the subordinated notes will reset on August 25, 2032 to Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) plus 261 basis points until called or matured. Additionally, the Bank entered into a fair value fixed-to-

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

floating rate swap in which the Bank received a fixed rate of 2.67% and will pay a floating rate based on the SOFR for the first 10 years.

Unamortized debt issuance costs deducted from the carrying amount of medium- and long-term debt totaled $9 million and $7 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

NOTE 8 - ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE ~~(LOSS) INCOME~~LOSS

The following table presents a reconciliation of the changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive ~~(loss) income~~loss and details the components of other comprehensive ~~(loss) income~~loss for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, including the amount of income tax ~~(benefit) expense~~benefit allocated to each component of other comprehensive ~~(loss) income.~~loss.


		Nine Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2021		2020		(in millions)	2022		2021
Accumulated net unrealized (losses) gains on investment securities:
Accumulated net unrealized losses on investment securities:						Accumulated net unrealized losses on investment securities:
Balance at beginning of period, net of tax	Balance at beginning of period, net of tax	$	211	$	65	Balance at beginning of period, net of tax	$	(99)	$	211

Net unrealized holding (losses) gains arising during the period		(280)		247
Less: (Benefit) provision for income taxes		(66)		58
Net unrealized losses arising during the period						Net unrealized losses arising during the period	(2,977)		(280)
Less: Benefit for income taxes						Less: Benefit for income taxes	(701)		(66)

Change in net unrealized (losses) gains on investment securities, net of tax		(214)		189
Change in net unrealized losses on investment securities, net of tax						Change in net unrealized losses on investment securities, net of tax	(2,276)		(214)
Balance at end of period, net of tax	Balance at end of period, net of tax	$	(3)	$	254	Balance at end of period, net of tax	$	(2,375)	$	(3)
Accumulated net gains on cash flow hedges:
Accumulated net (losses) gains on cash flow hedges:						Accumulated net (losses) gains on cash flow hedges:
Balance at beginning of period, net of tax	Balance at beginning of period, net of tax	$	155	$	34	Balance at beginning of period, net of tax	$	55	$	155
Net cash flow hedge (losses) gains arising during the period		(13)		232
Less: (Benefit) provision for income taxes		(3)		56
Change in net cash flow hedge gains arising during the period, net of tax		(10)		176
Net cash flow hedge losses arising during the period						Net cash flow hedge losses arising during the period	(1,397)		(13)
Less: Benefit for income taxes						Less: Benefit for income taxes	(329)		(3)
Change in net cash flow hedge (losses) gains arising during the period, net of tax						Change in net cash flow hedge (losses) gains arising during the period, net of tax	(1,068)		(10)
Less:	Less:					Less:
Net cash flow hedge gains included in interest and fees on loans	Net cash flow hedge gains included in interest and fees on loans	72		46		Net cash flow hedge gains included in interest and fees on loans	45		72
Less: Provision for income taxes	Less: Provision for income taxes	16		12		Less: Provision for income taxes	11		16
Reclassification adjustment for net cash flow hedge gains included in net income, net of tax	Reclassification adjustment for net cash flow hedge gains included in net income, net of tax	56		34		Reclassification adjustment for net cash flow hedge gains included in net income, net of tax	34		56
Change in net cash flow hedge gains, net of tax		(66)		142
Change in net cash flow hedge (losses) gains, net of tax						Change in net cash flow hedge (losses) gains, net of tax	(1,102)		(66)
Balance at end of period, net of tax (a)	Balance at end of period, net of tax (a)	$	89	$	176	Balance at end of period, net of tax (a)	$	(1,047)	$	89
Accumulated defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans adjustment:	Accumulated defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans adjustment:					Accumulated defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans adjustment:
Balance at beginning of period, net of tax ~~(b)~~	Balance at beginning of period, net of tax ~~(b)~~	$	(302)	$	(415)	Balance at beginning of period, net of tax ~~(b)~~	$	(168)	$	(302)
Actuarial loss arising during the period (b)		—		(10)

Less: Benefit for income taxes (b)		—		(2)
Net defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans adjustment arising during the period, net of tax (b)		—		(8)

Amounts recognized in other noninterest expenses:	Amounts recognized in other noninterest expenses:					Amounts recognized in other noninterest expenses:
Amortization of actuarial net loss ~~(b)~~	Amortization of actuarial net loss ~~(b)~~	30		35		Amortization of actuarial net loss ~~(b)~~	21		30
Amortization of prior service credit	Amortization of prior service credit	(19)		(21)		Amortization of prior service credit	(18)		(19)

Total amounts recognized in other noninterest expenses ~~(b)~~	Total amounts recognized in other noninterest expenses ~~(b)~~	11		14		Total amounts recognized in other noninterest expenses ~~(b)~~	3		11
Less: Provision for income taxes ~~(b)~~	Less: Provision for income taxes ~~(b)~~	2		3		Less: Provision for income taxes ~~(b)~~	—		2
Adjustment for amounts recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost during the period, net of tax		9		11
Adjustment for amounts recognized as components of net periodic benefit credit during the period, net of tax						Adjustment for amounts recognized as components of net periodic benefit credit during the period, net of tax	3		9
Change in defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans adjustment, net of tax ~~(b)~~	Change in defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans adjustment, net of tax ~~(b)~~	9		3		Change in defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans adjustment, net of tax ~~(b)~~	3		9
Balance at end of period, net of tax ~~(b)~~	Balance at end of period, net of tax ~~(b)~~	$	(293)	$	(412)	Balance at end of period, net of tax ~~(b)~~	$	(165)	$	(293)

Total accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income at end of period, net of tax (b)		$	(207)	$	18
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss at end of period, net of tax						Total accumulated other comprehensive loss at end of period, net of tax	$	(3,587)	$	(207)

(a)The Corporation expects to reclassify ~~$59~~$342 million of ~~gains,~~losses, net of tax, from accumulated other comprehensive loss to earnings over the next twelve months if interest yield curves and notional amounts remain at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 levels.

~~(b)~~Balances at beginning of period, net of tax, and changes for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 have been recast to reflect the retrospective application of the Corporation's election to change the accounting method for certain components of the qualified defined benefit pension plan as of January 1, 2021. Refer to Note 1 for further information.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

NOTE 9 - NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE

Basic and diluted net income per common share are presented in the following table.


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,

(in millions, except per share data)	(in millions, except per share data)	2021		2020		2021		2020		(in millions, except per share data)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Basic and diluted	Basic and diluted									Basic and diluted
Net income	Net income	$	262	$	217	$	940	$	276	Net income	$	351	$	262	$	801	$	940
Less:	Less:									Less:
Income allocated to participating securities	Income allocated to participating securities	1		—		4		1		Income allocated to participating securities	2		1		4		4
Preferred stock dividends	Preferred stock dividends	6		8		17		8		Preferred stock dividends	6		6		17		17
Net income attributable to common shares	Net income attributable to common shares	$	255	$	209	$	919	$	267	Net income attributable to common shares	$	343	$	255	$	780	$	919
Basic average common shares	Basic average common shares	133		139		136		139		Basic average common shares	131		133		131		136
Basic net income per common share	Basic net income per common share	$	1.92	$	1.49	$	6.75	$	1.91	Basic net income per common share	$	2.63	$	1.92	$	5.96	$	6.75
Basic average common shares	Basic average common shares	133		139		136		139		Basic average common shares	131		133		131		136
Dilutive common stock equivalents:	Dilutive common stock equivalents:									Dilutive common stock equivalents:
Net effect of the assumed exercise of stock awards	Net effect of the assumed exercise of stock awards	1		1		2		1		Net effect of the assumed exercise of stock awards	1		1		2		2

Diluted average common shares	Diluted average common shares	134		140		138		140		Diluted average common shares	132		134		133		138
Diluted net income per common share	Diluted net income per common share	$	1.90	$	1.48	$	6.67	$	1.90	Diluted net income per common share	$	2.60	$	1.90	$	5.88	$	6.67

The following average shares related to outstanding options to purchase shares of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted net income per common share because the options were anti-dilutive for the period.

Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(average outstanding options in thousands) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Average outstanding options 440 2,029 443 1,497
Range of exercise prices $73.24 - $95.25 $39.10 - $95.25 $73.24 - $95.25 $49.51 - $95.25



	Three Months Ended September 30,		Nine Months Ended September 30,
(average outstanding options in thousands)	2022	2021	2022	2021
Average outstanding options	373	440	337	443
Range of exercise prices	$79.01 - $95.25	$73.24 - $95.25	$70.18 - $95.25	$73.24 - $95.25

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

NOTE 10 - EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Net periodic defined benefit cost (credit) is comprised of service cost and other components of net benefit cost (credit). Service cost is included in salaries and benefits expense and other components of net benefit cost (credit) are included in other noninterest expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. For further information on the Corporation's employee benefit plans, refer to Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements in the Corporation's ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report.

The components of net periodic benefit cost (credit) for the Corporation's qualified pension plan, non-qualified pension plan and postretirement benefit plan are as follows.


Qualified Defined Benefit Pension Plan	Qualified Defined Benefit Pension Plan	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,				Qualified Defined Benefit Pension Plan	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2021		2020 (a)		2021		2020 (a)		(in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Service cost	Service cost	$	10	$	8	$	29	$	24	Service cost	$	9	$	10	$	28	$	29
Other components of net benefit credit:	Other components of net benefit credit:									Other components of net benefit credit:
Interest cost	Interest cost	16		18		46		53		Interest cost	16		16		47		46
Expected return on plan assets	Expected return on plan assets	(51)		(47)		(152)		(138)		Expected return on plan assets	(51)		(51)		(151)		(152)
Amortization of prior service credit	Amortization of prior service credit	(5)		(5)		(14)		(15)		Amortization of prior service credit	(4)		(5)		(11)		(14)
Amortization of net loss	Amortization of net loss	7		9		22		28		Amortization of net loss	4		7		14		22
Total other components of net benefit credit	Total other components of net benefit credit	(33)		(25)		(98)		(72)		Total other components of net benefit credit	(35)		(33)		(101)		(98)
Net periodic defined benefit credit	Net periodic defined benefit credit	$	(23)	$	(17)	$	(69)	$	(48)	Net periodic defined benefit credit	$	(26)	$	(23)	$	(73)	$	(69)

~~(a)~~Recast to reflect the retrospective application of the Corporation's election to change the accounting method for certain components of defined pension benefit credit, effective January 1, 2021. For the three months ended September 30, 2020, expected return on plan assets increased $4 million and amortization of net loss was reduced by $4 million, resulting in an increase of $8 million to total other components of net benefit credit. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, expected return on plan assets increased $10 million and amortization of net loss was reduced by $12 million, resulting in an increase of $22 million to total other components of net benefit credit. Refer to Note 1 for further information.


Non-Qualified Defined Benefit Pension Plan	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Service cost	$	1	$	—	$	2	$	1
Other components of net benefit cost:
Interest cost	1		2		4		5
Amortization of prior service credit	(2)		(2)		(7)		(5)
Amortization of net loss	3		3		7		8
Total other components of net benefit cost	2		3		4		8
Net periodic defined benefit cost	$	3	$	3	$	6	$	9

Non-Qualified Defined Benefit Pension Plan Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions) 2021 2020 2021 2020
Service cost $ — $ — $ 1 $ 1
Other components of net benefit cost:
Interest cost 2 2 5 6
Amortization of prior service credit (2) (2) (5) (6)
Amortization of net loss 3 3 8 7
Total other components of net benefit cost 3 3 8 7
Net periodic defined benefit cost $ 3 $ 3 $ 9 $ 8


Postretirement Benefit Plan	Postretirement Benefit Plan	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,				Postretirement Benefit Plan	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2021		2020		2021		2020		(in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Other components of net benefit credit:	Other components of net benefit credit:									Other components of net benefit credit:
Interest cost	Interest cost	$	1	$	1	$	1	$	1	Interest cost	$	1	$	1	$	1	$	1
Expected return on plan assets	Expected return on plan assets	$	(1)	$	(1)	(2)		(2)		Expected return on plan assets	(1)		(1)		(2)		(2)

Net periodic defined benefit credit	Net periodic defined benefit credit	$	—	$	—	$	(1)	$	(1)	Net periodic defined benefit credit	$	—	$	—	$	(1)	$	(1)

NOTE 11 - INCOME TAXES AND TAX-RELATED ITEMS

~~At September 30, 2021, net~~Net unrecognized tax benefits were ~~$20~~$17 million ~~compared to $19~~and $18 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021, respectively. The Corporation anticipates that it is reasonably possible that final settlement of ~~federal and~~ state tax issues will result in a favorable change into net unrecognized tax benefits of $5 million and penalties and interest of $4 million within the next twelve months. Included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets was a liability for tax-related interest and penalties of $5 million and $6 million at ~~both~~ September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021, respectively.

Net deferred tax ~~liabilities~~assets were ~~$34 million~~$1.1 billion at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, compared to $4$9 million at December 31, 2021. The increase of $1.1 billion in net deferred tax assets ~~at December 31, 2020. The $38 million decrease~~ resulted primarily from ~~a decrease~~increases to deferred tax assets related to ~~the allowance for loan losses and an increase to deferred tax liabilities related to defined benefit plans that was partially offset by decreases to deferred tax liabilities related to~~net unrealized losses on investment securities available-for-sale ~~as well as~~and hedging gains and ~~losses and an increase to deferred tax assets related to defined benefit plan components of other comprehensive~~

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)~~

~~Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries~~

~~income.~~losses. Included in deferred tax assets at both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 were $3 million of state net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards ~~which~~and $3 million of federal foreign tax carryforwards. State net operating loss carryforwards expire between ~~2021~~2022 and 2031 and federal foreign tax credit carryforwards expire between 2028 and 2030. The Corporation believes that it is more likely than not that the benefit from federal foreign tax credits and certain ~~of these~~ state ~~net operating loss~~NOL carryforwards will not be realized and, accordingly, ~~maintained~~maintains a federal valuation allowance of $3 million at both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021 and a state valuation allowance of $3 million and $2 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The determination regarding valuation allowance was based on evidence of loss carryback capacity, projected future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences to absorb the deferred tax assets and assumptions made regarding future events.

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Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

In the ordinary course of business, the Corporation enters into certain transactions that have tax consequences. From time to time, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) or other tax jurisdictions may review and/or challenge specific interpretive tax positions taken by the Corporation with respect to those transactions. The Corporation believes its tax returns were filed based upon applicable statutes, regulations and case law in effect at the time of the transactions. The IRS or other tax jurisdictions, an administrative authority or a court, if presented with the transactions, could disagree with the Corporation’s interpretation of the tax law.

Based on current knowledge and probability assessment of various potential outcomes, the Corporation believes that current tax reserves are adequate, and the amount of any potential incremental liability arising is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Corporation’s consolidated financial condition or results of operations. Probabilities and outcomes are reviewed as events unfold, and adjustments to the reserves are made when necessary.

NOTE 12 - CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

Legal Proceedings and Regulatory Matters

As previously reported in the Corporation's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020 and Forms 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2021 and June 30, 2021, the Bank appealed a court's decision in Butte Local Development v. Masters Group v. Comerica Bank, for lender liability. On July 6, 2021, the Montana Supreme Court affirmed in part, reversed in part the trial court's judgment in favor of Masters. The court reduced the amount of the award by $8 million. Additionally, in second quarter 2021, the Corporation agreed to a proposed settlement in connection with a class action lawsuit filed in the U.S. District Court in California and a related Trustee claim pending in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court in Delaware. Upon final settlement and court approval, the Corporation expects to be released from any liability for additional litigation or claims. The estimated net impact of this settlement, including the Corporation's insurance coverage, was $15 million and included in other noninterest expenses in second quarter 2021. The Corporation has accrued the estimated probable loss for this matter within accrued expenses and other liabilities.

The Corporation and certain of its subsidiaries are subject to various other pending or threatened legal proceedings arising out of the normal course of business or operations. The Corporation believes it has meritorious defenses to the claims asserted against it in its other currently outstanding legal proceedings and, with respect to such legal proceedings, intends to continue to defend itself vigorously, litigating or settling cases according to management’s judgment as to what is in the best interests of the Corporation and its shareholders. Settlement may result from the Corporation's determination that it may be more prudent financially to settle, rather than litigate, and should not be regarded as an admission of liability.

Further, from time to time, the Corporation is also subject to examinations, inquiries and investigations by regulatory authorities in areas including, but not limited to, compliance, risk management and consumer protection, which could lead to administrative or legal proceedings or settlements. For example, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (“CFPB”) is investigating certain of the Corporation's practices, and the Corporation has responded and continues to respond to the CFPB. We are unable to predict the outcome of these discussions at this time. Remedies in these proceedings or settlements may include fines, penalties, restitution or alterations in the Corporation's business practices and may result in increased operating expenses or decreased revenues.

On at least a quarterly basis, the Corporation assesses its potential liabilities and contingencies in connection with outstanding legal proceedings and regulatory matters utilizing the latest information available. On a case-by-case basis, accruals are established for those legal claims and regulatory matters for which it is probable that a loss will be incurred and the amount of such loss can be reasonably estimated. The actual costs of resolving these claims and regulatory matters may be substantially higher or lower than the amounts accrued. Based on current knowledge, and after consultation with legal counsel, management believes current accruals are adequate, and the amount of any incremental liability arising from these matters is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Corporation’s consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

For matters where a loss is not probable, the Corporation has not established an accrual. The Corporation believes the estimate of the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses, in excess of established accruals, for all legal proceedings and regulatory matters in which it is involved is from zero to approximately ~~$48~~$80 million at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. This estimated aggregate range of reasonably possible losses is based upon currently available information for those legal proceedings and regulatory matters in which the Corporation is involved, taking into account the Corporation’s best estimate of such losses for

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)~~

~~Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries~~

those legal cases and regulatory matters for which such estimate can be made. For certain legal cases and regulatory matters, the Corporation does not believe that an estimate can currently be made. The Corporation’s estimate involves significant judgment, given the varying stages of the legal proceedings and regulatory matters (including the fact many are currently in preliminary stages), the existence in certain legal proceedings of multiple defendants (including the Corporation) whose share of liability has yet to be determined, the numerous yet-unresolved issues in many of the legal proceedings and regulatory matters (including issues regarding class certification and the scope of many of the claims) and the attendant uncertainty of the various potential outcomes of such legal proceedings and regulatory matters. Accordingly, the Corporation’s estimate will change from time to time, and actual losses may be more or less than the current estimate.

In the event of unexpected future developments, it is possible the ultimate resolution of these matters, if unfavorable, may be material to the Corporation's consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

For information regarding income tax contingencies, refer to Note 11.

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

NOTE 13 - STRATEGIC LINES OF BUSINESS ~~AND MARKETS~~

The Corporation has strategically aligned its operations into 3three major business segments: the Commercial Bank, the Retail Bank and Wealth Management. These business segments are differentiated based on the type of customer and the related products and services provided. In addition to the 3three major business segments, the Finance Division is also reported as a segment. Business segment results are produced by the Corporation’s internal management accounting system. This system measures financial results based on the internal business unit structure of the Corporation. The performance of the business segments is not comparable with the Corporation's consolidated results and is not necessarily comparable with similar information for any other financial institution. Additionally, because of the interrelationships of the various segments, the information presented is not indicative of how the segments would perform if they operated as independent entities. The management accounting system assigns balance sheet and income statement items to each business segment using certain methodologies, which are regularly reviewed and refined. From time to time, the Corporation may make reclassifications among the segments to more appropriately reflect management's current view of the segments, and methodologies may be modified as the management accounting system is enhanced and changes occur in the organizational structure and/or product lines. For comparability purposes, amounts in all periods are based on business unit structure and methodologies in effect at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

The following discussion provides information about the activities of each business segment. A discussion of the financial results and the factors impacting performance can be found in "Business Segments" in the "Strategic Lines of ~~Business and Markets"~~Business" section of the financial review.

The Commercial Bank meets the needs of small and middle market businesses, multinational corporations and governmental entities by offering various products and services including commercial loans and lines of credit, deposits, cash management, capital market products, international trade finance, letters of credit, foreign exchange management services and loan syndication services.

The Retail Bank includes a full range of personal financial services, consisting of consumer lending, consumer deposit gathering and mortgage loan origination. This business segment offers a variety of consumer products including deposit accounts, installment loans, credit cards, student loans, home equity lines of credit and residential mortgage loans. In addition, this business segment offers a subset of commercial products and services to micro-businesses whose primary contact is through the branch network.

Wealth Management offers products and services consisting of fiduciary services, private banking, retirement services, investment management and advisory services, investment banking and brokerage services. This business segment also offers the sale of annuity products, as well as life, disability and long-term care insurance products.

The Finance segment includes the Corporation’s securities portfolio and asset and liability management activities. This segment is responsible for managing the Corporation’s funding, liquidity and capital needs, performing interest sensitivity analysis and executing various strategies to manage the Corporation’s exposure to liquidity, interest rate risk and foreign exchange risk.

The Other category includes the income and expense impact of equity and cash, tax benefits not assigned to specific business segments, charges of an unusual or infrequent nature that are not reflective of the normal operations of the business segments and miscellaneous other expenses of a corporate nature.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)~~

~~Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries~~

For further information on the methodologies which form the basis for these results refer to Note 22 to the consolidated financial statements in the Corporation's ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report.

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

Business segment financial results are as follows:


		Commercial Bank			Retail Bank					Wealth Management			Finance			Other				Total				Commercial Bank			Retail Bank				Wealth Management			Finance		Other		Total
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)														(dollar amounts in millions)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022																							Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Earnings summary:																							Earnings summary:
Net interest income (expense)																							Net interest income (expense)	$	478		$	188			$	55		$	(22)	$	8	$	707
Provision for credit losses																							Provision for credit losses	16			2				5			—		5		28
Noninterest income																							Noninterest income	169			29				77			6		(3)		278
Noninterest expenses																							Noninterest expenses	242			170				87			—		3		502
Provision (benefit) for income taxes																							Provision (benefit) for income taxes	94			11				10			(6)		(5)		104
Net income (loss)																							Net income (loss)	$	295		$	34			$	30		$	(10)	$	2	$	351
Net credit-related charge-offs																							Net credit-related charge-offs	$	6		$	—			$	—		$	—	$	7	$	13
Selected average balances:																							Selected average balances:
Assets																							Assets	$	48,323		$	2,799			$	5,097		$	22,133	$	7,070	$	85,422
Loans																							Loans	44,043			2,066				4,973			—		31		51,113
Deposits																							Deposits	41,471			26,665				5,293			383		164		73,976
Statistical data:																							Statistical data:
Return on average assets (a)																							Return on average assets (a)	2.42		%	0.51		%		2.08		%	n/m		n/m		1.63		%
Efficiency ratio (b)																							Efficiency ratio (b)	37.54			76.81				65.92			n/m		n/m		50.75
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021																						Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Earnings summary:	Earnings summary:																						Earnings summary:
Net interest income (expense)	Net interest income (expense)	$	407					$	149				$	40				$	(124)						$	3		$	475	Net interest income (expense)	$	406		$	149	$	40	$	(124)		$	4	$	475
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	(25)			(5)					(13)			—			1				(42)			Provision for credit losses	(25)			(5)				(13)			—		1		(42)
Noninterest income	Noninterest income	169			32					69			10			—				280			Noninterest income	169			32				69			10		—		280
Noninterest expenses	Noninterest expenses	224			159					79			—			3				465			Noninterest expenses	223			159				79			—		4		465
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	Provision (benefit) for income taxes	83			4					10			(27)			—				70			Provision (benefit) for income taxes	83			4				10			(27)		—		70
Net income (loss)	Net income (loss)	$	294		$	23				$	33		$	(87)		$	(1)			$	262		Net income (loss)	$	294		$	23			$	33		$	(87)	$	(1)	$	262
Net credit-related charge-offs (recoveries)	Net credit-related charge-offs (recoveries)	$	4		$	(1)				$	(1)		$	—		$	—			$	2		Net credit-related charge-offs (recoveries)	$	4		$	(1)			$	(1)		$	—	$	—	$	2
Selected average balances:	Selected average balances:																						Selected average balances:
Assets	Assets	$	43,240		$	3,105				$	4,956		$	17,922		$	22,130			$	91,353		Assets	$	43,366		$	3,105			$	4,956		$	17,922	$	22,004	$	91,353
Loans	Loans	41,040			2,297					4,829			—			(31)				48,135			Loans	41,037			2,297				4,829			—		(28)		48,135
Deposits	Deposits	46,632			26,088					5,209			977			209				79,115			Deposits	46,641			26,088				5,209			977		200		79,115
Statistical data:	Statistical data:																						Statistical data:
Return on average assets (a)	Return on average assets (a)	2.33		%	0.34		%			2.36		%	n/m			n/m				1.14		%	Return on average assets (a)	2.33		%	0.34		%		2.36		%	n/m		n/m		1.14		%
Efficiency ratio (b)	Efficiency ratio (b)	38.82			87.18					72.83			n/m			n/m				61.57			Efficiency ratio (b)	38.40			87.18				72.83			n/m		n/m		61.13
Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Earnings summary:
Net interest income (expense)		$	412		$	128				$	42		$	(125)		$	1			$	458
Provision for credit losses		14			(2)					(7)			—			—				5
Noninterest income		135			28					64			16			9				252
Noninterest expenses (c)		203			151					74			—			10				438
Provision (benefit) for income taxes (c)		68			—					9			(26)			(1)				50
Net income (loss) (c)		$	262		$	7				$	30		$	(83)		$	1			$	217
Net credit-related charge-offs (recoveries)		$	35		$	(1)				$	(1)		$	—		$	—			$	33
Selected average balances:
Assets		$	45,638		$	3,489				$	5,197		$	15,909		$	14,035			$	84,268
Loans		44,250			2,680					5,094			—			(11)				52,013
Deposits		39,535			23,604					4,439			1,004			181				68,763
Statistical data:
Return on average assets (a), (c)		2.29		%	0.09		%			2.35		%	n/m			n/m				1.02		%
Efficiency ratio (b), (c)		37.12			96.36					70.03			n/m			n/m				61.74

(a)Return on average assets is calculated based on the greater of average assets or average liabilities and attributed equity.

(b)Noninterest expenses as a percentage of the sum of net interest income and noninterest income excluding a derivative contract tied to the conversion rate of Visa Class B ~~shares.~~

~~(c)See Defined Benefit Pension~~shares and ~~Other Postretirement Costs~~changes in ~~Note 1.~~the value of shares obtained through monetization of warrants.

n/m – not meaningful

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries


		Commercial Bank			Retail Bank					Wealth Management			Finance				Other			Total
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)														(dollar amounts in millions)	Commercial Bank							Retail Bank				Wealth Management					Finance					Other				Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022																																												Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Earnings summary:																							Earnings summary:
Net interest income (expense)																							Net interest income (expense)	$	1,232			$	464					$	138				$	(118)			$	8		$	1,724
Provision for credit losses																							Provision for credit losses	1				7						11					—				8			27
Noninterest income																							Noninterest income	461				89						226					36				(22)			790
Noninterest expenses																							Noninterest expenses	713				507						259					—				(22)			1,457
Provision (benefit) for income taxes																							Provision (benefit) for income taxes	229				9						23					(25)				(7)			229
Net income (loss)																							Net income (loss)	$	750			$	30					$	71				$	(57)			$	7		$	801
Net credit-related charge-offs (recoveries)																							Net credit-related charge-offs (recoveries)	$	17			$	(1)					$	(2)				$	—			$	7		$	21
Selected average balances:																							Selected average balances:
Assets																							Assets	$	46,992			$	2,791					$	4,974				$	20,824			$	12,859		$	88,440
Loans																							Loans	42,928				2,031						4,841					—				15			49,815
Deposits																							Deposits	43,733				26,890						5,520					527				201			76,871
Statistical data:																							Statistical data:
Return on average assets (a)																							Return on average assets (a)	2.07		%		0.16		%				1.60		%			n/m				n/m			1.21		%
Efficiency ratio (b)																							Efficiency ratio (b)	41.93				90.59						71.16					n/m				n/m			57.67
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021																						Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Earnings summary:	Earnings summary:																						Earnings summary:
Net interest income (expense)	Net interest income (expense)	$	1,191					$	427				$	125					$	(368)				$	8			$	1,383		Net interest income (expense)		$	1,189				$	427			$	125		$	(368)			$	10	$	1,383
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	(325)			(6)					(29)			—				1			(359)			Provision for credit losses	(325)				(6)						(29)					—				1			(359)
Noninterest income	Noninterest income	495			90					207			31				11			834			Noninterest income	495				90						207					31				11			834
Noninterest expenses	Noninterest expenses	643			481					232			1				18			1,375			Noninterest expenses	641				481						232					1				20			1,375
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	Provision (benefit) for income taxes	307			5					29			(78)				(2)			261			Provision (benefit) for income taxes	307				5						29					(78)				(2)			261
Net income (loss)	Net income (loss)	$	1,061		$	37				$	100		$	(260)			$	2		$	940		Net income (loss)	$	1,061			$	37					$	100				$	(260)			$	2		$	940
Net credit-related (recoveries) charge-offs	Net credit-related (recoveries) charge-offs	$	(6)		$	1				$	(1)		$	—			$	—		$	(6)		Net credit-related (recoveries) charge-offs	$	(6)			$	1					$	(1)				$	—			$	—		$	(6)
Selected average balances:	Selected average balances:																						Selected average balances:
Assets	Assets	$	43,985		$	3,321				$	5,059		$	17,451			$	18,133		$	87,949		Assets	$	44,114			$	3,321					$	5,059				$	17,451			$	18,004		$	87,949
Loans	Loans	42,090			2,483					4,940			—				(5)			49,508			Loans	42,087				2,483						4,940					—				(2)			49,508
Deposits	Deposits	43,827			25,334					5,047			968				195			75,371			Deposits	43,844				25,334						5,047					969				177			75,371
Statistical data:	Statistical data:																						Statistical data:
Return on average assets (a)	Return on average assets (a)	3.00		%	0.19		%			2.49		%	n/m				n/m			1.43		%	Return on average assets (a)	3.00		%		0.19		%				2.49		%			n/m				n/m			1.43		%
Efficiency ratio (b)	Efficiency ratio (b)	38.12			92.26					69.80			n/m				n/m			61.92			Efficiency ratio (b)	37.96				92.26						69.80					n/m				n/m			61.80
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Earnings summary:
Net interest income (expense)		$	1,194		$	373				$	123		$	(264)			$	16		$	1,442
Provision for credit losses		527			6					21			—				—			554
Noninterest income		406			80					200			41				9			736
Noninterest expenses (c)		598			449					217			1				24			1,289
Provision (benefit) for income taxes (c)		96			(2)					18			(54)				1			59
Net income (loss) (c)		$	379		$	—				$	67		$	(170)			$	—		$	276
Net credit-related charge-offs		$	166		$	1				$	—		$	—			$	—		$	167
Selected average balances:
Assets		$	45,764		$	3,221				$	5,156		$	14,902			$	10,699		$	79,742
Loans		44,256			2,413					5,035			—				2			51,706
Deposits		35,376			22,486					4,228			1,030				171			63,291
Statistical data:
Return on average assets (a), (c)		1.11		%	—		%			1.75		%	n/m				n/m			0.46		%
Efficiency ratio (b), (c)		37.40			98.34					66.89			n/m				n/m			59.08

(a)Return on average assets is calculated based on the greater of average assets or average liabilities and attributed equity.

(b)Noninterest expenses as a percentage of the sum of net interest income and noninterest income excluding a derivative contract tied to the conversion rate of Visa Class B ~~shares.~~

~~(c)See Defined Benefit Pension~~shares and ~~Other Postretirement Costs~~changes in ~~Note 1.~~the value of shares obtained through monetization of warrants.

n/m – not meaningful

The Corporation operates in 3 primary markets - Texas, California and Michigan, as well as in Arizona and Florida, with select businesses operating in several other states and in Canada and Mexico. The Corporation produces market segment results for the Corporation’s 3 primary geographic markets as well as Other Markets. Other Markets includes Florida, Arizona, the International Finance division and businesses with a national perspective. The Finance & Other category includes the Finance segment and the Other category as previously described. Market segment results are provided as supplemental information to the business segment results and may not meet all operating segment criteria as set forth in GAAP. For comparability purposes, amounts in all periods are based on market segments and methodologies in effect at September 30, 2021.

A discussion of the financial results and the factors impacting performance can be found in the section entitled "Market Segments" in the "Strategic Lines of Business and Markets" section of the financial review.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)~~

~~Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries~~

~~Market segment financial results are as follows:~~

Michigan California Texas Other
Markets Finance
& Other Total
(dollar amounts in millions)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Earnings summary:
Net interest income (expense) $ 180 $ 180 $ 117 $ 119 $ (121) $ 475
Provision for credit losses (12) 1 (30) (2) 1 (42)
Noninterest income 70 40 42 118 10 280
Noninterest expenses 144 105 95 118 3 465
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 23 26 20 28 (27) 70
Net income (loss) $ 95 $ 88 $ 74 $ 93 $ (88) $ 262
Net credit-related charge-offs (recoveries) $ 4 $ 5 $ (9) $ 2 $ — $ 2
Selected average balances:
Assets $ 12,063 $ 17,213 $ 10,303 $ 11,717 $ 40,057 $ 91,353
Loans 11,445 17,042 9,650 10,024 (26) 48,135
Deposits 27,735 23,112 11,377 15,705 1,186 79,115
Statistical data:
Return on average assets (a) 1.33 % 1.44 % 2.37 % 2.11 % n/m 1.14 %
Efficiency ratio (b) 57.15 47.99 59.33 50.07 n/m 61.57
Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Earnings summary:
Net interest income (expense) $ 167 $ 173 $ 118 $ 124 $ (124) $ 458
Provision for credit losses 18 15 (25) (3) — 5
Noninterest income 66 31 28 102 25 252
Noninterest expenses (c) 138 97 88 105 10 438
Provision (benefit) for income taxes (c) 13 21 17 26 (27) 50
Net income (loss) (c) $ 64 $ 71 $ 66 $ 98 $ (82) $ 217
Net credit-related charge-offs $ 6 $ 14 $ 11 $ 2 $ — $ 33
Selected average balances:
Assets $ 13,232 $ 17,886 $ 11,339 $ 11,867 $ 29,944 $ 84,268
Loans 12,681 17,771 10,911 10,661 (11) 52,013
Deposits 24,685 18,868 10,649 13,376 1,185 68,763
Statistical data:
Return on average assets (a), (c) 0.99 % 1.44 % 2.17 % 2.67 % n/m 1.02 %
Efficiency ratio (b), (c) 58.79 47.54 60.32 46.87 n/m 61.74

~~(a)Return on average assets is calculated based on the greater of average assets or average liabilities and attributed equity.~~

~~(b)Noninterest expenses as a percentage of the sum of net interest income and noninterest income excluding a derivative contract tied to the conversion rate of Visa Class B shares.~~

~~(c)See Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Costs in Note 1.~~

~~n/m – not meaningful.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)~~

~~Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries~~

Michigan California Texas Other
Markets Finance
& Other Total
(dollar amounts in millions)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Earnings summary:
Net interest income (expense) $ 513 $ 526 $ 344 $ 360 $ (360) $ 1,383
Provision for credit losses (66) (77) (193) (24) 1 (359)
Noninterest income 208 129 113 342 42 834
Noninterest expenses 416 325 274 341 19 1,375
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 74 95 80 92 (80) 261
Net income (loss) $ 297 $ 312 $ 296 $ 293 $ (258) $ 940
Net credit-related charge-offs (recoveries) $ 5 $ 6 $ (19) $ 2 $ — $ (6)
Selected average balances:
Assets $ 12,585 $ 17,636 $ 10,518 $ 11,624 $ 35,586 $ 87,949
Loans 11,998 17,480 9,934 10,100 (4) 49,508
Deposits 26,712 21,195 11,104 15,197 1,163 75,371
Statistical data:
Return on average assets (a) 1.45 % 1.88 % 3.19 % 2.38 % n/m 1.43 %
Efficiency ratio (b) 57.38 49.54 59.85 48.64 n/m 61.92
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Earnings summary:
Net interest income (expense) $ 491 $ 518 $ 348 $ 333 $ (248) $ 1,442
Provision for credit losses 83 108 296 67 — 554
Noninterest income 202 98 88 298 50 736
Noninterest expenses (c) 413 288 260 303 25 1,289
Provision (benefit) for income taxes (c) 37 51 (28) 52 (53) 59
Net income (loss) (c) $ 160 $ 169 $ (92) $ 209 $ (170) $ 276
Net credit-related charge-offs $ 10 $ 21 $ 127 $ 9 $ — $ 167
Selected average balances:
Assets $ 13,228 $ 18,072 $ 11,340 $ 11,507 $ 25,595 $ 79,742
Loans 12,672 17,910 10,877 10,252 (5) 51,706
Deposits 22,926 17,617 10,017 11,530 1,201 63,291
Statistical data:
Return on average assets (a), (c) 0.90 % 1.22 % (1.07) % 2.21 % n/m 0.46 %
Efficiency ratio (b), (c) 59.20 46.72 59.60 48.01 n/m 59.08

~~(a)Return on average assets is calculated based on the greater of average assets or average liabilities and attributed equity.~~

~~(b)Noninterest expenses as a percentage of the sum of net interest income and noninterest income excluding a derivative contract tied to the conversion rate of Visa Class B shares.~~

~~(c)See Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Costs in Note 1.~~

~~n/m – not meaningful.~~

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

NOTE 14 - REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

Revenue from contracts with customers comprises the noninterest income earned by the Corporation in exchange for services provided to customers. The following table presents the composition of revenue from contracts with customers, segregated from other sources of noninterest income, by business segment.


		Commercial Bank		Retail Bank		Wealth Management		Finance & Other		Total			Commercial Bank		Retail Bank		Wealth Management		Finance & Other		Total
(in millions)	(in millions)											(in millions)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022												Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Revenue from contracts with customers:												Revenue from contracts with customers:
Card fees												Card fees	$	56	$	10	$	1	$	—	$	67
Fiduciary income												Fiduciary income	—		—		58		—		58
Service charges on deposit accounts												Service charges on deposit accounts	34		15		1		—		50
Commercial loan servicing fees (a)												Commercial loan servicing fees (a)	5		—		—		—		5
Brokerage fees												Brokerage fees	—		—		6		—		6
Other noninterest income (b)												Other noninterest income (b)	2		3		7		—		12
Total revenue from contracts with customers												Total revenue from contracts with customers	97		28		73		—		198
Other sources of noninterest income												Other sources of noninterest income	72		1		4		3		80
Total noninterest income												Total noninterest income	$	169	$	29	$	77	$	3	$	278
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021											Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Revenue from contracts with customers:	Revenue from contracts with customers:											Revenue from contracts with customers:
Card fees	Card fees	$	60	$	11	$	1	$	—	$	72	Card fees	$	60	$	11	$	1	$	—	$	72
Fiduciary income	Fiduciary income	—		—		58		—		58		Fiduciary income	—		—		58		—		58
Service charges on deposit accounts	Service charges on deposit accounts	34		14		2		—		50		Service charges on deposit accounts	34		14		2		—		50
Commercial loan servicing fees (a)	Commercial loan servicing fees (a)	5		—		—		—		5		Commercial loan servicing fees (a)	5		—		—		—		5
Brokerage fees	Brokerage fees	—		—		3		—		3		Brokerage fees	—		—		3		—		3
Other noninterest income (b)	Other noninterest income (b)	(3)		5		4		—		6		Other noninterest income (b)	(3)		5		4		—		6
Total revenue from contracts with customers	Total revenue from contracts with customers	96		30		68		—		194		Total revenue from contracts with customers	96		30		68		—		194
Other sources of noninterest income	Other sources of noninterest income	73		2		1		10		86		Other sources of noninterest income	73		2		1		10		86
Total noninterest income	Total noninterest income	$	169	$	32	$	69	$	10	$	280	Total noninterest income	$	169	$	32	$	69	$	10	$	280
Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022												Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Revenue from contracts with customers:	Revenue from contracts with customers:											Revenue from contracts with customers:
Card fees	Card fees	$	60	$	11	$	—	$	—	$	71	Card fees	$	171	$	31	$	3	$	—	$	205
Fiduciary income	Fiduciary income	—		—		51		—		51		Fiduciary income	—		—		178		—		178
Service charges on deposit accounts	Service charges on deposit accounts	33		12		2		—		47		Service charges on deposit accounts	101		43		4		—		148
Commercial loan servicing fees (a)	Commercial loan servicing fees (a)	5		—		—		—		5		Commercial loan servicing fees (a)	14		—		—		—		14
Brokerage fees	Brokerage fees	—		—		5		—		5		Brokerage fees	—		—		14		—		14
Other noninterest income (b)	Other noninterest income (b)	8		2		4		—		14		Other noninterest income (b)	6		13		18		—		37
Total revenue from contracts with customers	Total revenue from contracts with customers	106		25		62		—		193		Total revenue from contracts with customers	292		87		217		—		596
Other sources of noninterest income	Other sources of noninterest income	29		3		2		25		59		Other sources of noninterest income	169		2		9		14		194
Total noninterest income	Total noninterest income	$	135	$	28	$	64	$	25	$	252	Total noninterest income	$	461	$	89	$	226	$	14	$	790
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021											Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Revenue from contracts with customers:	Revenue from contracts with customers:											Revenue from contracts with customers:
Card fees	Card fees	$	192	$	32	$	3	$	—	$	227	Card fees	$	192	$	32	$	3	$	—	$	227
Fiduciary income	Fiduciary income	—		—		171		—		171		Fiduciary income	—		—		171		—		171
Service charges on deposit accounts	Service charges on deposit accounts	101		40		4		—		145		Service charges on deposit accounts	101		40		4		—		145
Commercial loan servicing fees (a)	Commercial loan servicing fees (a)	15		—		—		—		15		Commercial loan servicing fees (a)	15		—		—		—		15
Brokerage fees	Brokerage fees	—		—		11		—		11		Brokerage fees	—		—		11		—		11
Other noninterest income (b)	Other noninterest income (b)	6		12		13		—		31		Other noninterest income (b)	6		12		13		—		31
Total revenue from contracts with customers	Total revenue from contracts with customers	314		84		202		—		600		Total revenue from contracts with customers	314		84		202		—		600
Other sources of noninterest income	Other sources of noninterest income	181		6		5		42		234		Other sources of noninterest income	181		6		5		42		234
Total noninterest income	Total noninterest income	$	495	$	90	$	207	$	42	$	834	Total noninterest income	$	495	$	90	$	207	$	42	$	834
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Revenue from contracts with customers:
Card fees		$	168	$	28	$	2	$	—	$	198
Fiduciary income		—		—		157		—		157
Service charges on deposit accounts		95		39		4		—		138
Commercial loan servicing fees (a)		13		—		—		—		13
Brokerage fees		—		—		17		—		17
Other noninterest income (b)		23		7		13		—		43
Total revenue from contracts with customers		299		74		193		—		566
Other sources of noninterest income		107		6		7		50		170
Total noninterest income		$	406	$	80	$	200	$	50	$	736

(a)Included in commercial lending fees on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

(b)Excludes derivative, warrant and other miscellaneous income.

Table of Contents

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

Comerica Incorporated and Subsidiaries

Adjustments to revenue during the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 for refunds or credits relating to prior periods were not significant.

Revenue from contracts with customers did not generate significant contract assets and liabilities.

3332

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ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report includes forward-looking statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In addition, the Corporation may make other written and oral communications from time to time that contain such statements. All statements regarding the Corporation's expected financial position, strategies and growth prospects and general economic conditions expected to exist in the future are forward-looking statements. The words, "anticipates," "believes," "contemplates," "feels," "expects," "estimates," "seeks," "strives," "plans," "intends," "outlook," "forecast," "position," "target," "mission," "assume," "achievable," "potential," "strategy," "goal," "aspiration," "opportunity," "initiative," "outcome," "continue," "remain," "maintain," "on track," "trend," "objective," "looks forward," "projects," "models," and variations of such words and similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as "will," "would," "should," "could," "might," "can," "may" or similar expressions, as they relate to the Corporation or its management, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are predicated on the beliefs and assumptions of the Corporation's management based on information known to the Corporation's management as of the date of this report and do not purport to speak as of any other date. Forward-looking statements may include descriptions of plans and objectives of the Corporation's management for future or past operations, products or services and forecasts of the Corporation's revenue, earnings or other measures of economic performance, including statements of profitability, business segments and subsidiaries as well as estimates of credit trends and global stability. Such statements reflect the view of the Corporation's management as of this date with respect to future events and are subject to risks and uncertainties. Should one or more of these risks materialize or should underlying beliefs or assumptions prove incorrect, the Corporation's actual results could differ materially from those discussed. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include credit risks (unfavorable developments concerning credit quality; declines or other changes in the businesses or industries of the Corporation's ~~customers, in particular the energy industry;~~customers; and changes in customer behavior); market risks (changes in monetary and fiscal policies; fluctuations in interest rates and their impact on deposit pricing; and transitions away from LIBOR towards new interest rate benchmarks); liquidity risks (the Corporation's ability to maintain adequate sources of funding and liquidity; reductions in the Corporation's credit rating; and the interdependence of financial service companies); technology risks (cybersecurity risks and heightened legislative and regulatory focus on cybersecurity and data privacy); operational risks (operational, systems or infrastructure failures; reliance on other companies to provide certain key components of business infrastructure; the impact of legal and regulatory proceedings or determinations; losses due to fraud; and controls and procedures failures); compliance risks (changes in regulation or oversight, or changes in the Corporation’s status with respect to existing regulations or oversight; the effects of stringent capital requirements; and the impacts of future legislative, administrative or judicial changes to tax regulations); strategic risks (damage to the Corporation's reputation; the Corporation's ability to utilize technology to efficiently and effectively develop, market and deliver new products and services; competitive product and pricing pressures among financial institutions within the Corporation's markets; the implementation of the Corporation's strategies and business initiatives; management's ability to maintain and expand customer relationships; management's ability to retain key officers and employees; and any future strategic acquisitions or divestitures); and other general risks (impacts from the COVID-19 global pandemic; changes in general economic, political or industry conditions; the effectiveness of methods of reducing risk exposures; the effects of catastrophic events; changes in accounting standards and the critical nature of the Corporation's accounting policies; and the volatility of the Corporation's stock price). The Corporation cautions that the foregoing list of factors is not all-inclusive. For discussion of factors that may cause actual results to differ from expectations, please refer to our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In particular, please refer to “Item 1A. Risk Factors” beginning on page 13 of the Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. The Corporation does not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect facts, circumstances, assumptions or events that occur after the date the forward-looking statements are made. For any forward-looking statements made in this report or in any documents, the Corporation claims the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.

3433

Table of Contents

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

In accordance with Item 303(c) of Regulation S-K, the Corporation is providing a comparison of the quarter ended September 30, 2022 against the preceding sequential quarter. The Corporation believes providing a sequential discussion of its results of operations provides more relevant information for investors and stakeholders to understand and analyze the business.

Three Months Ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 Compared to Three Months Ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2020~~2022


	Three Months Ended
(dollar amounts in millions, except per share data)	September 30, 2022		June 30, 2022
Net interest income	$	707	$	561
Provision for credit losses	28		10
Noninterest income	278		268
Noninterest expenses	502		482
Income before income taxes	455		337
Provision for income taxes	104		76
Net income	$	351	$	261
Diluted earnings per common share	$	2.60	$	1.92

Net income for the three months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 was ~~$262~~$351 million, an increase of $90 million compared to ~~$217~~$261 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. Net income per diluted common share was $2.60 and $1.92 for the three months ended September 30, ~~2020. The $45 million increase in net income was driven by lower provision for credit losses, broad-based noninterest income growth~~2022 and an increase in net interest income that reflected higher loan fees and lower deposit costs, partially offset by higher noninterest expenses. The decline in the provision for credit losses resulted from continued improvements in the economic outlook and strong credit performance. Net income per diluted common share was $1.90 and $1.48 for the three months ended SeptemberJune 30, ~~2021 and 2020,~~2022, respectively, an increase of ~~$0.42~~$0.68 per diluted common share. ~~Net income per diluted common share benefited from the decrease in shares outstanding due to repurchases in 2021.~~

Effective January 1, 2021, the Corporation elected to change the accounting methodology for determining market-related value of plan assets (MRVA) for certain classes of assets in the qualified defined benefit pension plan. The impact of the change for the three months ended September 30, 2021 was an increase to the pension benefit reduction to noninterest expenses of $5 million and a corresponding increase to net income of $4 million. The change in accounting methodology is applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the consolidated financial statements. Discussion of results of operations is based on recast results. See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for further information and impacts of the change in accounting policy.

3534

Table of Contents

Analysis of Net Interest Income


		Three Months Ended														Three Months Ended
		September 30, 2021						September 30, 2020						September 30, 2022				June 30, 2022
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	Average Balance		Interest		Average Rate		Average Balance		Interest		Average Rate			(dollar amounts in millions)	Average Balance		Interest		Average Rate		Average Balance		Interest		Average Rate
Commercial loans (a)		$	28,244	$	262	3.67	%	$	32,226	$	255	3.15	%
Commercial loans (a) (b)															Commercial loans (a) (b)	$	30,573	$	362	4.69	%	$	29,918	$	282	3.77	%
Real estate construction loans	Real estate construction loans	3,160		28		3.46		4,037		34		3.35			Real estate construction loans	2,457		33		5.44		2,332		24		4.05
Commercial mortgage loans	Commercial mortgage loans	11,165		82		2.90		9,978		71		2.85			Commercial mortgage loans	12,180		141		4.59		11,947		99		3.33
Lease financing	Lease financing	580		1		1.12		601		5		2.94			Lease financing	690		4		2.10		642		4		3.01
International loans	International loans	1,075		8		3.13		1,052		9		3.25			International loans	1,234		15		4.89		1,303		12		3.66
Residential mortgage loans	Residential mortgage loans	1,816		13		2.92		1,961		16		3.41			Residential mortgage loans	1,761		16		3.47		1,773		14		3.16
Consumer loans	Consumer loans	2,095		17		3.31		2,158		18		3.45			Consumer loans	2,218		26		4.77		2,112		19		3.64
Total loans ~~(b)~~(c)	Total loans ~~(b)~~(c)	48,135		411		3.39		52,013		408		3.13			Total loans ~~(b)~~(c)	51,113		597		4.64		50,027		454		3.64
Mortgage-backed securities ~~(c)~~(d)	Mortgage-backed securities ~~(c)~~(d)	12,331		58		1.89		9,759		54		2.28			Mortgage-backed securities ~~(c)~~(d)	17,752		111		2.25		16,218		93		2.07
U.S. Treasury securities ~~(d)~~(e)	U.S. Treasury securities ~~(d)~~(e)	3,638		12		1.32		4,091		18		1.77			U.S. Treasury securities ~~(d)~~(e)	2,788		8		0.97		2,811		7		0.98
Total investment securities	Total investment securities	15,969		70		1.76		13,850		72		2.13			Total investment securities	20,540		119		2.08		19,029		100		1.92
Interest-bearing deposits with banks(f)	Interest-bearing deposits with banks(f)	20,494		8		0.16		12,534		4		0.10			Interest-bearing deposits with banks(f)	5,194		33		2.12		10,861		23		0.75
Other short-term investments	Other short-term investments	190		—		0.20		158		—		0.29			Other short-term investments	165		1		0.96		176		—		0.66
Total earning assets	Total earning assets	84,788		489		2.30		78,555		484		2.47			Total earning assets	77,012		750		3.71		80,093		577		2.79
Cash and due from banks	Cash and due from banks	964						911							Cash and due from banks	1,529						1,421
Allowance for loan losses	Allowance for loan losses	(644)						(1,002)							Allowance for loan losses	(563)						(555)
Accrued income and other assets	Accrued income and other assets	6,245						5,804							Accrued income and other assets	7,444						7,851
Total assets	Total assets	$	91,353					$	84,268						Total assets	$	85,422					$	88,810
Money market and interest-bearing checking deposits(g)	Money market and interest-bearing checking deposits(g)	$	31,865	4		0.05		$	27,671	8		0.12			Money market and interest-bearing checking deposits(g)	$	27,125	15		0.22		$	29,513	3		0.05
Savings deposits	Savings deposits	3,097		—		0.01		2,560		1		0.02			Savings deposits	3,365		1		0.05		3,330		—		0.02
Customer certificates of deposit	Customer certificates of deposit	2,128		1		0.20		2,495		6		0.87			Customer certificates of deposit	1,632		—		0.21		1,774		1		0.18

Other time deposits															Other time deposits	—		—		—		1		—		0.30
Foreign office time deposits	Foreign office time deposits	41		—		0.08		103		—		0.10			Foreign office time deposits	34		—		1.42		53		—		0.54
Total interest-bearing deposits	Total interest-bearing deposits	37,131		5		0.06		32,829		15		0.17			Total interest-bearing deposits	32,156		16		0.20		34,671		4		0.05
Short-term borrowings		1		—		—		218		—		0.25
Federal funds purchased															Federal funds purchased	79		1		2.50		5		—		0.64
Other short-term borrowings															Other short-term borrowings	65		—		3.04		—		—		—

Medium- and long-term debt	Medium- and long-term debt	2,864		9		1.16		5,940		11		0.78			Medium- and long-term debt	2,827		26		3.60		2,656		12		1.85
Total interest-bearing sources	Total interest-bearing sources	39,996		14		0.14		38,987		26		0.27			Total interest-bearing sources	35,127		43		0.48		37,332		16		0.19
Noninterest-bearing deposits	Noninterest-bearing deposits	41,984						35,934							Noninterest-bearing deposits	41,820						42,918
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	Accrued expenses and other liabilities	1,456						1,513							Accrued expenses and other liabilities	2,184						2,035
Shareholders’ equity	Shareholders’ equity	7,917						7,834							Shareholders’ equity	6,291						6,525
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	91,353					$	84,268						Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	85,422					$	88,810
Net interest income/rate spread	Net interest income/rate spread			$	475	2.16				$	458	2.20			Net interest income/rate spread			$	707	3.23				$	561	2.60
Impact of net noninterest-bearing sources of funds	Impact of net noninterest-bearing sources of funds					0.07						0.13			Impact of net noninterest-bearing sources of funds					0.27						0.10
Net interest margin (as a percentage of average earning assets)	Net interest margin (as a percentage of average earning assets)					2.23	%					2.33	%		Net interest margin (as a percentage of average earning assets)					3.50	%					2.70	%

(a)Interest income on commercial loans included $(2) million and $25 million of business loan swap (loss) income for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and June 30, 2022, respectively.

(b)Included Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans with average balances of ~~$1.7 billion~~$67 million and ~~$3.8 billion,~~$149 million, interest income of ~~$34~~$1 million and ~~$22~~$4 million and average yields of ~~8.02%~~7.71% and ~~2.31%~~9.63% for the three months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020, respectively. Period-end net unamortized deferred fees totaled $23 million and $72 million at September~~June 30, ~~2021 and September 30, 2020,~~2022, respectively.

~~(b)~~(c)Nonaccrual loans are included in average balances reported and in the calculation of average rates.

~~(c)~~(d)Average balances included ~~$78 million~~$2.0 billion and ~~$254 million~~$1.7 billion of unrealized ~~gains and~~ losses for the three months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~June 30, 2022, respectively; yields calculated gross of these unrealized ~~gains and~~ losses.

~~(d)~~(e)Average balances included ~~$23~~$134 million and ~~$99~~$118 million of unrealized ~~gains and~~ losses for the three months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~June 30, 2022, respectively; yields calculated gross of these unrealized ~~gains and~~ losses.

(f)Average balances excluded $1.1 billion and $1.4 billion of collateral posted and netted against derivative liability positions for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and June 30, 2022, respectively; yields calculated gross of derivative netting amounts.

(g)Average balances excluded $189 million and $131 million of collateral received and netted against derivative asset positions for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and June 30, 2022, respectively; rates calculated gross of derivative netting amounts.

3635

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Rate/Volume Analysis


		Three Months Ended							Three Months Ended
		September 30, 2021/September 30, 2020							September 30, 2022/June 30, 2022
(in millions)	(in millions)	Increase (Decrease) Due to Rate		(Decrease) Increase Due to Volume (a)		Net Increase (Decrease)		(in millions)	Increase Due to Rate		Increase (Decrease) Due to Volume (a)		Net Increase
Interest Income:	Interest Income:							Interest Income:
Loans ~~(b)~~	Loans ~~(b)~~	$	35	$	(32)	$	3	Loans ~~(b)~~	$	130	$	13	$	143
Investment securities	Investment securities	(14)		12		(2)		Investment securities	4		15		19
Interest-bearing deposits with banks	Interest-bearing deposits with banks	1		3		4		Interest-bearing deposits with banks	42		(32)		10

Other short-term investments								Other short-term investments	1		—		1
Total interest income	Total interest income	22		(17)		5		Total interest income	177		(4)		173
Interest Expense:	Interest Expense:							Interest Expense:
Interest-bearing deposits	Interest-bearing deposits	(11)		1		(10)		Interest-bearing deposits	13		(1)		12

Short-term borrowings								Short-term borrowings	—		1		1
Medium- and long-term debt	Medium- and long-term debt	—		(2)		(2)		Medium- and long-term debt	11		3		14
Total interest expense	Total interest expense	(11)		(1)		(12)		Total interest expense	24		3		27
Net interest income	Net interest income	$	33	$	(16)	$	17	Net interest income	$	153	$	(7)	$	146

(a)~~Rate/~~Impact of additional days and interest rate swaps reflected as part of rate impact, rate/volume variances are allocated to variances due to volume.

~~(b)Included a $12 million increase in PPP interest income primarily related to loan forgiveness.~~

Net interest income was ~~$475~~$707 million for the three months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, an increase of ~~$17~~$146 million compared to ~~$458~~$561 million for the three months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2020.~~2022. The increase in net interest income was driven by ~~PPP loan forgiveness as well as lower~~higher short-term rates ~~paid on interest-bearing deposits,~~(including the impact of interest rate swaps) and growth in loans and investment securities, partially offset by ~~lower loan volume and~~a decrease in deposits with the ~~net impact of the increase in lower-yielding investment securities.~~Federal Reserve. Net interest margin was ~~2.23~~3.50 percent for the three months ended September 30, ~~2021, a decline~~2022, an increase of 1080 basis points from ~~2.33~~2.70 percent for the three months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2020.~~2022, primarily driven by higher short-term rates and the decrease in lower-yielding deposits with the Federal Reserve.

Average earning assets ~~increased $6.2~~decreased $3.1 billion, ~~due to increases of $8.0~~driven by a $5.7 billion decrease in interest-bearing deposits with banks, ~~and $2.1~~partially offset by increases of $1.5 billion in investment securities ~~partially offset by a $3.9~~and $1.1 billion ~~decrease~~ in loans. Average interest-bearing ~~funding~~ sources ~~increased $1.0~~decreased $2.2 billion ~~reflecting~~due to a ~~$4.3~~$2.5 billion ~~increase~~decrease in interest-bearing deposits, partially offset by a ~~$3.1 billion decrease~~$310 million increase in ~~medium- and long-term debt.~~purchased funds.

For further discussion of the effects of market rates on net interest income, refer to the "Market and Liquidity Risk" section of this financial review.

Provision for Credit Losses

The provision for credit losses, which includes the provision for loan losses and the provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments, ~~was a benefit of $42~~increased $18 million to $28 million for the three months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, compared to $10 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022, reflecting loan growth, continued strong credit metrics and an ~~expense of $5~~uncertain economic environment. Net loan charge-offs were $13 million for the three months ended September 30, ~~2020. The change in the provision for credit losses~~primarily reflected the economy re-opening as well as improvements in the economic forecast and in the loan portfolio, including Energy, since the onset of the pandemic last year. Net loan charge-offs decreased $31 million2022, compared to ~~$2 million~~none for the three months ended ~~September~~June 30, ~~2021, compared to $33 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, driven by decreases~~2022, with an increase of ~~$25~~$19 million in ~~Energy and $8~~general Middle Market net charge-offs partially offset by a decrease of $7 million in Technology and Life Sciences net charge-offs. Provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments was relatively stable compared to ~~net recoveries of $16 million and $1 million, respectively.~~the three months ended June 30, 2022.

An analysis of the allowance for credit losses and a summary of nonperforming assets are presented under the "Credit Risk" subheading in the "Risk Management" section of this financial review.

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Noninterest Income


		Three Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended
(in millions)	(in millions)	2021		2020		(in millions)	September 30, 2022		June 30, 2022
Card fees	Card fees	$	72	$	71	Card fees	$	67	$	69
Fiduciary income	Fiduciary income	58		51		Fiduciary income	58		62
Service charges on deposit accounts	Service charges on deposit accounts	50		47		Service charges on deposit accounts	50		50
Derivative income						Derivative income	35		29
Commercial lending fees	Commercial lending fees	31		19		Commercial lending fees	29		30
Derivative income (a)		20		9
Bank-owned life insurance	Bank-owned life insurance	12		12		Bank-owned life insurance	12		12
Letter of credit fees	Letter of credit fees	10		9		Letter of credit fees	10		9
Brokerage fees	Brokerage fees	3		5		Brokerage fees	6		4

Other noninterest income (a), (b)		24		29
Other noninterest income (a)						Other noninterest income (a)	11		3
Total noninterest income	Total noninterest income	$	280	$	252	Total noninterest income	$	278	$	268

(a)Beginning with the first quarter 2021, the Corporation reported customer derivative income, previously a component of other noninterest income, and foreign exchange income as a combined item captioned by derivative income on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Prior periods have been adjusted to conform to this presentation and the changes in presentation do not impact total noninterest income.

~~(b)~~The table below provides further details on certain categories included in other noninterest income.

Noninterest income increased ~~$28~~$10 million to ~~$280~~$278 million for the three months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, reflecting increases in commercial lending fees, derivative income, fiduciary income and service charges on deposit accounts. The increase in commercial lending fees primarily resulted from new syndication agent activity, while the increase in derivative income was largely due to favorable valuation adjustments. Noninterest income was also impacted by a decrease in other noninterest income, ~~as detailed below, driven by lower securities trading~~derivative income and ~~deferred compensation asset returns (offset~~brokerage fees, partially offset by decreases in fiduciary income and card fees. The increase in other noninterest ~~expenses),~~income was primarily due to reduced losses on deferred compensation assets, which are offset in noninterest expenses. Higher derivative income was mostly due to energy, while growth in money market revenue drove the increase in brokerage fees. Fiduciary income was impacted by a seasonal decline in tax fees and reduced market performance, partially offset by higher ~~income from principal investing and warrants.~~money market rates.

The following table presents certain categories included in other noninterest income on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.


		Three Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended
(in millions)	(in millions)	2021		2020		(in millions)	September 30, 2022		June 30, 2022
Income from principal investing and warrants		$	14	$	1
Securities trading income						Securities trading income	$	4	$	2
Insurance commissions						Insurance commissions	3		4
Investment banking fees	Investment banking fees	3		2		Investment banking fees	1		1
Principal investing and warrant-related income						Principal investing and warrant-related income	1		2
Deferred compensation asset returns (a)	Deferred compensation asset returns (a)	—		8		Deferred compensation asset returns (a)	(3)		(14)
Securities trading income (b)		(3)		8
All other noninterest income	All other noninterest income	10		10		All other noninterest income	5		8
Other noninterest income	Other noninterest income	$	24	$	29	Other noninterest income	$	11	$	3

(a) Compensation deferred by the Corporation's officers and directors is invested based on investment selections of the officers and directors. Income earned on these assets is reported in other noninterest income and the offsetting change in deferred compensation plan liabilities is reported in salaries and benefits expense.

~~(b) Includes changes in value of shares obtained through exercise of warrants.~~

Noninterest Expenses

Three Months Ended September 30,
(in millions) 2021 2020
Salaries and benefits expense $ 282 $ 257
Outside processing fee expense 65 58
Occupancy expense 40 40
Software expense 40 39
Equipment expense 13 12
Advertising expense 10 9
FDIC insurance expense 4 8
Other noninterest expenses (a) 11 15
Total noninterest expenses (a) $ 465 $ 438

(a) The three months ended September 30, 2020 have been recast to reflect the retrospective application of the Corporation's election to change the accounting method for certain components of expense related to the defined pension plan, resulting in a decrease of $8 million from the previously reported balances. See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for further information and impacts of the change in accounting policy.


	Three Months Ended
(in millions)	September 30, 2022		June 30, 2022


Salaries and benefits expense	$	307	$	294
Outside processing fee expense	64		62
Occupancy expense	44		40
Software expense	40		41
Equipment expense	12		13
Advertising expense	9		8
FDIC insurance expense	8		8
Other noninterest expenses	18		16
Total noninterest expenses	$	502	$	482

Noninterest expenses increased ~~$27~~$20 million to ~~$465~~$502 million, driven primarily ~~reflecting~~by increases in salaries and benefits expense, occupancy expense and outside processing fee ~~expense, partially offset by a decrease in other noninterest expenses. The increase in salaries~~expense. Salaries and benefits expense ~~was mostly due to higher performance-related compensation driven by strong financial results and the impact of annual merit~~included increases ~~partially offset by lower~~in deferred compensation expense (offset in other noninterest ~~income).~~income and disclosed above), performance-based compensation and staff insurance, partially offset by a seasonal decrease in 401K expense. Other noninterest expenses included an increase in impairment and loss on sale of assets as well as a favorable state tax ruling recorded in the second quarter, partially offset by decreases in litigation-related expenses and consulting fees. For third quarter 2022, expenses for certain modernization initiatives related to transformation of the retail banking delivery model, alignment of corporate facilities and optimization of technology platforms totaled $7 million, comprised of transitional real estate costs (reported in occupancy expense), asset impairments and consulting fees (reported in other noninterest expenses) and contract labor (reported in salaries and benefits

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expense). Third quarter 2022 expenses for modernization initiatives were consistent with those recorded in second quarter 2022. The ~~increase in outside processing fee expense primarily related~~Corporation estimates these expenses to ~~data processing support~~be up to $25 million for ~~PPP loans, while the decrease in other noninterest expenses was driven by lower non-salary pension expense and smaller decreases in other categories, partially offset by higher consulting fees.~~

~~Provision for Income Taxes~~

The provision for income taxes increased $20 million to $70 million, driven by higher pre-tax income, partially offset by an increase in discrete tax benefits. Discrete tax benefits were $5 million in thirdfourth quarter ~~2021, primarily resulting from adjustments to annual federal filings and resolution of certain state matters, compared to $2 million in third quarter 2020.~~2022.

Nine Months Ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, ~~2020~~2021


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollar amounts in millions, except per share data)	2022		2021
Net interest income	$	1,724	$	1,383
Provision for credit losses	27		(359)
Noninterest income	790		834
Noninterest expenses	1,457		1,375
Income before income taxes	1,030		1,201
Provision for income taxes	229		261
Net income	$	801	$	940
Diluted earnings per common share	$	5.88	$	6.67

Net income decreased $139 million to $801 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to $940 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~was $940~~driven by a $386 million increase in the provision for credit losses resulting from an elevated benefit recorded throughout 2021 as the U.S. economy recovered from the COVID-19 pandemic, partially offset by an increase ~~of $664 million compared~~in net interest income, reflecting higher short-term rates and growth in investment securities. Net income per diluted common share decreased $0.79 to ~~$276 million~~$5.88 for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was driven by lower provision for credit losses as the economic outlook significantly shifted from the height of the pandemic in 2020. Net income was also impacted by higher noninterest income, partially offset by higher noninterest expenses and a decrease in net interest income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, net income per diluted common share was $6.67, an increase of $4.772022, compared to ~~$1.90~~$6.67 for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2020. Net income per diluted common share benefited from the decrease in shares outstanding due to repurchases in~~ 2021.

Effective January 1, 2021, the Corporation elected to change the accounting methodology for determining MRVA for certain classes of assets in the qualified defined benefit pension plan. The impact of the change for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was an increase to the pension benefit reduction to noninterest expenses of $14 million and a corresponding increase to net income of $11 million. The change in accounting methodology is applied retrospectively to all prior periods presented in the consolidated financial statements. Discussion of results of operations is based on recast results. See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for further information and impacts of the change in accounting policy.

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Analysis of Net Interest Income


		Nine Months Ended													Nine Months Ended
		September 30, 2021						September 30, 2020							September 30, 2022						September 30, 2021
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	Average Balance		Interest		Average Rate		Average Balance		Interest		Average Rate		(dollar amounts in millions)	Average Balance		Interest		Average Rate		Average Balance		Interest		Average Rate
Commercial loans (a)		$	29,741	$	769	3.46	%	$	32,289	$	840	3.48	%
Commercial loans (a) (b)														Commercial loans (a) (b)	$	29,597	$	876	3.96	%	$	29,741	$	769	3.46	%
Real estate construction loans	Real estate construction loans	3,826		97		3.37		3,830		112		3.90		Real estate construction loans	2,482		81		4.36		3,826		97		3.37
Commercial mortgage loans	Commercial mortgage loans	10,408		224		2.87		9,806		248		3.38		Commercial mortgage loans	11,927		324		3.63		10,408		224		2.87
Lease financing ~~(b)~~(c)	Lease financing ~~(b)~~(c)	583		(7)		(1.55)		592		15		3.30		Lease financing ~~(b)~~(c)	656		13		2.65		583		(7)		(1.55)
International loans	International loans	1,024		24		3.17		1,064		30		3.73		International loans	1,252		36		3.88		1,024		24		3.17
Residential mortgage loans	Residential mortgage loans	1,814		41		3.05		1,904		50		3.52		Residential mortgage loans	1,773		41		3.05		1,814		41		3.05
Consumer loans	Consumer loans	2,112		53		3.36		2,221		64		3.90		Consumer loans	2,128		63		3.98		2,112		53		3.36
Total loans ~~(c)~~(d)	Total loans ~~(c)~~(d)	49,508		1,201		3.24		51,706		1,359		3.51		Total loans ~~(c)~~(d)	49,815		1,434		3.85		49,508		1,201		3.24
Mortgage-backed securities ~~(d)~~(e)	Mortgage-backed securities ~~(d)~~(e)	11,221		163		1.95		9,686		168		2.36		Mortgage-backed securities ~~(d)~~(e)	16,140		274		2.08		11,221		163		1.95
U.S. Treasury securities ~~(e)~~(f)	U.S. Treasury securities ~~(e)~~(f)	4,205		46		1.49		3,258		52		2.18		U.S. Treasury securities ~~(e)~~(f)	2,837		22		0.98		4,205		46		1.49
Total investment securities	Total investment securities	15,426		209		1.82		12,944		220		2.31		Total investment securities	18,977		296		1.93		15,426		209		1.82
Interest-bearing deposits with banks(g)	Interest-bearing deposits with banks(g)	16,524		17		0.13		9,229		24		0.35		Interest-bearing deposits with banks(g)	11,232		65		0.71		16,524		17		0.13
Other short-term investments	Other short-term investments	179		—		0.23		151		1		0.62		Other short-term investments	177		1		0.59		179		—		0.23
Total earning assets	Total earning assets	81,637		1,427		2.34		74,030		1,604		2.91		Total earning assets	80,201		1,796		2.90		81,637		1,427		2.34
Cash and due from banks	Cash and due from banks	972						866						Cash and due from banks	1,466						972
Allowance for loan losses	Allowance for loan losses	(770)						(876)						Allowance for loan losses	(566)						(770)
Accrued income and other assets	Accrued income and other assets	6,110						5,722						Accrued income and other assets	7,339						6,110
Total assets	Total assets	$	87,949					$	79,742					Total assets	$	88,440					$	87,949
Money market and interest-bearing checking deposits(h)	Money market and interest-bearing checking deposits(h)	$	30,300	14		0.06		$	26,220	65		0.33		Money market and interest-bearing checking deposits(h)	$	29,036	21		0.10		$	30,300	14		0.06
Savings deposits	Savings deposits	2,974		—		0.01		2,386		1		0.03		Savings deposits	3,303		1		0.03		2,974		—		0.01
Customer certificates of deposit	Customer certificates of deposit	2,137		3		0.22		2,764		25		1.18		Customer certificates of deposit	1,775		2		0.19		2,137		3		0.22
Other time deposits		—		—		—		23		—		2.00

Foreign office time deposits	Foreign office time deposits	48		—		0.09		89		—		0.54		Foreign office time deposits	44		—		0.63		48		—		0.09
Total interest-bearing deposits	Total interest-bearing deposits	35,459		17		0.07		31,482		91		0.39		Total interest-bearing deposits	34,158		24		0.10		35,459		17		0.07
Short-term borrowings		2		—		—		418		1		0.32
Federal funds purchased														Federal funds purchased	28		1		2.37		2		—		—
Other short-term borrowings														Other short-term borrowings	22		—		3.04		—		—		—

Medium- and long-term debt	Medium- and long-term debt	3,107		27		1.10		6,821		70		1.38		Medium- and long-term debt	2,750		47		2.26		3,107		27		1.10
Total interest-bearing sources	Total interest-bearing sources	38,568		44		0.15		38,721		162		0.56		Total interest-bearing sources	36,958		72		0.26		38,568		44		0.15
Noninterest-bearing deposits	Noninterest-bearing deposits	39,912						31,809						Noninterest-bearing deposits	42,713						39,912
Accrued expenses and other liabilities	Accrued expenses and other liabilities	1,465						1,590						Accrued expenses and other liabilities	1,923						1,465
Shareholders’ equity	Shareholders’ equity	8,004						7,622						Shareholders’ equity	6,846						8,004
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	87,949					$	79,742					Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	88,440					$	87,949
Net interest income/rate spread	Net interest income/rate spread			$	1,383	2.19				$	1,442	2.35		Net interest income/rate spread			$	1,724	2.64				$	1,383	2.19
Impact of net noninterest-bearing sources of funds	Impact of net noninterest-bearing sources of funds					0.08						0.26		Impact of net noninterest-bearing sources of funds					0.14						0.08
Net interest margin (as a percentage of average earning assets)	Net interest margin (as a percentage of average earning assets)					2.27	%					2.61	%	Net interest margin (as a percentage of average earning assets)					2.78	%					2.27	%

(a)Interest income on commercial loans included $45 million and $72 million of business loan swap income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

(b)Included PPP loans with average balances of ~~$2.9 billion~~$183 million and ~~$2.1~~$2.9 billion, interest income of ~~$96~~$10 million and ~~$36~~$96 million and average yields of ~~4.43%~~7.53% and ~~2.27%~~4.43% for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020, respectively. Period-end net unamortized deferred fees totaled $23 million and $72 million at September 30,~~ 2021, ~~and September 30, 2020,~~ respectively.

~~(b)~~(c)The nine months ended September 30, 2021 included residual value adjustments totaling $20 million, which impacted the average yield on loans by 66 basis points.

~~(c)~~(d)Nonaccrual loans are included in average balances reported and in the calculation of average rates.

~~(d)~~(e)Average balances included ~~$109 million~~$(1.4) billion and ~~$212~~$109 million of unrealized (losses) gains ~~and losses~~ for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively; yields calculated gross of these unrealized gains and losses.

~~(e)~~(f)Average balances included ~~$37~~$(103) million and ~~$94~~$37 million of unrealized (losses) gains ~~and losses~~ for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively; yields calculated gross of these unrealized gains and ~~losses.~~losses

(g)Average balances excluded $1.1 billion and $313 million of collateral posted and netted against derivative liability positions for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, yields calculated gross of derivative netting amounts.

(h)Average balances excluded $163 million and $153 million of collateral received and netted against derivative asset positions for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, rates calculated gross of derivative netting amounts.

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Rate/Volume Analysis


		Nine Months Ended							Nine Months Ended
		September 30, 2021/September 30, 2020							September 30, 2022/September 30, 2021
(in millions)	(in millions)	Decrease Due to Rate		(Decrease) Increase Due to Volume (a)		Net Decrease		(in millions)	Increase (Decrease) Due to Rate		Increase (Decrease) Due to Volume (a)		Net Increase
Interest Income:	Interest Income:							Interest Income:
Loans ~~(b)~~	Loans ~~(b)~~	$	(106)	$	(52)	$	(158)	Loans ~~(b)~~	$	232	$	1	$	233
Investment securities	Investment securities	(46)		35		(11)		Investment securities	(17)		104		87
Interest-bearing deposits with banks	Interest-bearing deposits with banks	(14)		7		(7)		Interest-bearing deposits with banks	73		(25)		48
Other short-term investments	Other short-term investments	(1)		—		(1)		Other short-term investments	1		—		1
Total interest income	Total interest income	(167)		(10)		(177)		Total interest income	289		80		369
Interest Expense:	Interest Expense:							Interest Expense:
Interest-bearing deposits	Interest-bearing deposits	(75)		1		(74)		Interest-bearing deposits	9		(2)		7
Short-term borrowings	Short-term borrowings	—		(1)		(1)		Short-term borrowings	—		1		1
Medium- and long-term debt	Medium- and long-term debt	(13)		(30)		(43)		Medium- and long-term debt	19		1		20
Total interest expense	Total interest expense	(88)		(30)		(118)		Total interest expense	28		—		28
Net interest income	Net interest income	$	(79)	$	20	$	(59)	Net interest income	$	261	$	80	$	341

(a)~~Rate/~~Impact of additional days and interest rate swaps reflected as part of rate impact, rate/volume variances are allocated to variances due to volume.

~~(b)Included a $60 million increase in PPP interest income primarily related to loan forgiveness.~~

Net interest income was ~~$1.4~~$1.7 billion for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021, a decrease~~2022, an increase of ~~$59~~$341 million compared to the nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021. The ~~decrease~~increase in net interest income reflected ~~lower yields on earning assets~~higher short-term rates (including the impact of interest rate swaps) and ~~a decrease~~growth in ~~loan balances,~~investment securities, partially offset by the net impact of PPP loans and lower ~~rates paid on~~ deposits ~~and debt.~~with the Federal Reserve. Net interest margin was ~~2.27~~2.78 percent for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021, a decrease~~2022, an increase of 3451 basis points compared to ~~2.61~~2.27 percent for the comparable period in ~~2020.~~2021. The ~~decrease~~increase in net interest margin ~~reflected the decline in the average 30-day LIBOR, from 0.64 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 to 0.10 percent for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.~~was primarily driven by higher short-term rates.

Average earning assets ~~increased $7.6~~decreased $1.4 billion, due to a decrease of $5.3 billion in interest bearing deposits with banks, partially offset by increases of ~~$7.3~~$3.6 billion in investment securities and $307 million in loans. Average interest-bearing sources decreased $1.6 billion, reflecting decreases of $1.3 billion in interest-bearing deposits ~~with banks~~ and ~~$2.5 billion in investment securities, partially offset by a $2.2 billion decrease in loans. Average interest-bearing funding sources decreased $153~~$357 million ~~reflecting a $3.7 billion decrease~~ in medium- and long-term ~~debt and a $416 million decrease in short-term borrowings, mostly offset by a $4.0 billion increase in interest-bearing deposits.~~debt.

For further discussion of the effects of market rates on net interest income, refer to the "Market and Liquidity Risk" section of this financial review.

Provision for Credit Losses

The provision for credit losses was an expense of $27 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to a benefit of $359 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~compared~~which primarily reflected an elevated benefit recorded throughout the 2021 period as the U.S. economy began to ~~an expense of $554~~recover from the COVID-19 pandemic. Net loan charge-offs increased $27 million to $21 million for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2020. The change in provision for credit losses reflected the economy re-opening as well as improvements in the economic forecast and in the loan portfolio, including Energy, since the onset~~2022, compared to net recoveries of ~~the pandemic last year. Net loan recoveries were~~ $6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. Energy net recoveries for the 2021 period totaled $29 million, compared to $3 million of Energy net ~~loan~~ charge-offs recorded in the 2022 period. Additionally, Technology and Life Sciences net charge-offs increased $8 million, partially offset by decreases of ~~$167~~$7 million in Corporate Banking and $5 million in Business Banking. Provision for credit losses on lending-related commitments increased $32 million to $18 million for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2020, largely driven by a decrease of $150 million in Energy net charge-offs.~~2022.

An analysis of the allowance for credit losses and nonperforming assets is presented under the "Credit Risk" subheading in the "Risk Management" section of this financial review.

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Noninterest Income


		Nine Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2021		2020		(in millions)	2022		2021
Card fees	Card fees	$	227	$	198	Card fees	$	205	$	227
Fiduciary income	Fiduciary income	171		157		Fiduciary income	178		171
Service charges on deposit accounts	Service charges on deposit accounts	145		138		Service charges on deposit accounts	148		145
Derivative income						Derivative income	86		72
Commercial lending fees	Commercial lending fees	76		53		Commercial lending fees	81		76
Derivative income (a)		72		48
Bank-owned life insurance	Bank-owned life insurance	32		33		Bank-owned life insurance	37		32
Letter of credit fees	Letter of credit fees	30		27		Letter of credit fees	28		30
Brokerage fees	Brokerage fees	11		17		Brokerage fees	14		11

Other noninterest income (a), (b)		70		65
Other noninterest income (a)						Other noninterest income (a)	13		70
Total noninterest income	Total noninterest income	$	834	$	736	Total noninterest income	$	790	$	834

~~(b)~~The table below provides further details on certain categories included in other noninterest income.

Noninterest income ~~increased $98~~decreased $44 million to ~~$834~~$790 million, ~~including increases~~which included a decrease in card fees, partially offset by increases in derivative income, fiduciary income, syndication agent fees ~~(component~~(a component of commercial lending fees) and ~~higher fiduciary income. The increase~~bank-owned life insurance. The decrease in card fees ~~resulted~~reflected elevated activity from ~~higher activity mostly related to~~ stimulus payments ~~and merchant payment processing services,~~during 2021, while the increase in ~~derivative~~fiduciary income was ~~primarily due to favorable valuation adjustments partially offset~~driven by ainstitutional trust fees. The decrease ~~in interest rate swap activity. Noninterest income was also impacted by an increase~~ in other noninterest income ~~as detailed below,~~was driven by ~~higher~~declines in deferred compensation asset returns (offset in noninterest expense), warrant-related income ~~from principal investing~~mostly due to elevated gains on monetization in the 2021 period and ~~warrants, mostly~~lower investment banking income, partially offset by ~~lower~~higher securities trading income.

The following table presents certain categories included in other noninterest income on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.


		Nine Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2021		2020		(in millions)	2022		2021
Income from principal investing and warrants		$	22	$	1
Deferred compensation asset returns (a)		9		7
Insurance commissions						Insurance commissions	$	10	$	9
Securities trading income						Securities trading income	9		5
Investment banking fees	Investment banking fees	9		9		Investment banking fees	3		9
Securities trading income (b)		1		20
Principal investing and warrant-related income (a)						Principal investing and warrant-related income (a)	(3)		18
Deferred compensation asset returns (b)						Deferred compensation asset returns (b)	(24)		9
All other noninterest income	All other noninterest income	29		28		All other noninterest income	18		20
Other noninterest income	Other noninterest income	$	70	$	65	Other noninterest income	$	13	$	70

(a) Includes changes in value of shares obtained through monetization of warrants, previously reported in securities trading income.

(b) Compensation deferred by the Corporation's officers and directors is invested based on investment selections of the officers and directors. Income earned on these assets is reported in other noninterest income and the offsetting change in deferred compensation plan liabilities is reported in salaries and benefits expense.

~~(b) Includes changes in value of shares obtained through exercise of warrants.~~

Noninterest Expenses

Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions) 2021 2020
Salaries and benefits expense $ 841 $ 748
Outside processing fee expense 200 177
Occupancy expense 117 114
Software expense 117 115
Equipment expense 38 36
Advertising expense 25 24
FDIC insurance expense 17 24
Other noninterest expenses (a) 20 51
Total noninterest expenses (a) $ 1,375 $ 1,289

(a) The nine months ended September 30, 2020 has been recast to reflect the retrospective application of the Corporation's election to change the accounting method for certain components of expense related to the defined pension plan, resulting in a decrease of $22 million from the previously reported balances. See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for further information and impacts of the change in accounting policy.


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
(in millions)	2022		2021


Salaries and benefits expense	$	890	$	841
Outside processing fee expense	188		200
Occupancy expense	122		117
Software expense	120		117
Equipment expense	36		38
Advertising expense	24		25
FDIC insurance expense	24		17
Other noninterest expenses	53		20
Total noninterest expenses	$	1,457	$	1,375

Noninterest expenses increased ~~$86~~$82 million to ~~$1.4~~$1.5 billion, due to increases in salaries and benefits expense, FDIC insurance expense, occupancy expense and ~~outside processing fee~~software expense, partially offset by ~~decreases~~a decrease in ~~other noninterest expenses and lower FDIC insurance~~outside processing fee expense. The increase in salaries and benefits expense ~~reflected higher performance-related compensation~~was driven by ~~strong financial~~the impact of annual merit increases, as well as higher technology-related contract labor, performance-based compensation and stock-based compensation, partially offset by lower deferred compensation expense (offset in other noninterest income). Other noninterest expenses included increases in operational losses, travel and entertainment expense, consulting fees and loss on sale of assets, partially offset by decreases in non-salary pension expense, litigation-related expense as well as the impact of a favorable state tax ruling. The decrease in outside processing fee

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results. Higher technology-related labor costs (related to contract labor) and staff insurance (from elevated claims) also contributed to the increase in salaries and benefits expense. The increase in outside processing fee expense was ~~primarily due to higher~~driven by lower volumes of government card transactions (tied to card fee revenue) and data processing support for PPP loans. The decrease in other noninterest expenses was driven by lower non-salary pension expense and operational losses, partially offset by higher litigation-related expenses and consulting fees.

~~Provision for Income Taxes~~

The provision for income taxes increased $202 million to $261 million, driven by higher pre-tax income, partially offset by an increase in certain discrete tax benefits. Discrete tax benefits were $9 million for. For the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021, primarily resulting from adjustments~~2022, expenses for certain modernization initiatives related to ~~annual federal filings, resolution~~transformation of ~~certain state matters~~the retail banking delivery model, alignment of corporate facilities and ~~compensation benefits, compared to $3~~optimization of technology platforms totaled $20 million, ~~for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.~~comprised of transitional real estate costs (reported in occupancy expense), asset impairments and consulting fees (reported in other noninterest expenses), as well as severance costs and contract labor (reported in salaries and benefits).

~~OUTLOOK~~

~~This outlook is based on management expectations for continued improvement in economic conditions.~~

~~Fourth Quarter 2021 Compared to Third Quarter 2021~~

~~Average loans~~

•Non-PPP portfolio to have growth in general Middle Market and several other business lines, partly offset by a decline in Mortgage Banker Finance. This growth is expected to be more than offset by forgiveness of the bulk of PPP loans.

~~Average deposits~~

•~~Deposits to remain strong.~~

~~Net interest income~~

•~~Non-PPP portfolio to have lower loan fees from elevated levels mostly offset by loan growth; this is expected to be more than offset by lower PPP-related income.~~

~~Credit quality~~

•~~Strong credit quality continues.~~

~~Noninterest income~~

•~~Growth in several customer-related fee categories, more than offset by lower commercial loan fees and warrant and BOLI income.~~

~~Noninterest expenses~~

•~~Increases in seasonal expenses and technology investments, offset by lower compensation expense from elevated level.~~

~~Tax rate~~

•~~Income tax expense for full-year 2021 to be between 22 and 23 percent of pre-tax income, excluding discrete items.~~

~~Capital~~

•~~CET1 target of approximately 10 percent.~~

STRATEGIC LINES OF BUSINESS ~~AND MARKETS~~

The Corporation has strategically aligned its operations into three major business segments: the Commercial Bank, the Retail Bank and Wealth Management. These business segments are differentiated based on the type of customer and the related products and services provided. In addition to the three major business segments, the Finance Division is also reported as a segment. The Other category includes items not directly associated with the business segments or the Finance segment. The performance of the business segments is not comparable with the Corporation's consolidated results and is not necessarily comparable with similar information for any other financial institution. Additionally, because of the interrelationships of the various segments, the information presented is not indicative of how the segments would perform if they operated as independent entities. Market segment results are also provided for the Corporation's three primary geographic markets: Michigan, California and Texas. In addition to the three primary geographic markets, Other Markets is also reported as a market segment. Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements describes the business activities of each business segment and presents financial results of the business ~~and market~~ segments for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020.~~2021.

The Corporation's management accounting system assigns balance sheet and income statement items to each segment using certain methodologies, which are regularly reviewed and refined. These methodologies may be modified as the management accounting system is enhanced and changes occur in the organizational structure and/or product lines. Note 22 to the consolidated financial statements in the Corporation's ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report describes the Corporation's segment reporting methodology.

Net interest income for each segment reflects the interest income generated by earning assets less interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities plus the net impact from associated internal funds transfer pricing (FTP). The FTP methodology

~~Table of Contents~~

allocates credits to each business segment for deposits and other funds provided as well as charges for loans and other assets being funded. FTP crediting rates on deposits and other funds provided reflect the long-term value of deposits and other funding sources based on their implied maturities. Due to the longer-term nature of implied maturities, FTP crediting rates are generally less volatile than changes in interest rates observed in the market. FTP charge rates for funding loans and other assets reflect a matched cost of funds based on the pricing and duration characteristics of the assets. As a result of applying matched funding, interest revenue for each segment resulting from loans and other assets is generally not impacted by changes in interest rates. Therefore, net interest income for each segment primarily reflects the volume of loans and other earning assets at the spread over the matched cost of funds, as well as the volume of deposits at the associated FTP crediting rates. ~~Due to the impact~~Generally, in periods of ~~lower~~rising interest rates, ~~business segments, particularly those focused on generating deposits, were impacted by lower~~FTP charge rates for funding loans and FTP crediting rates on deposits ~~in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in the prior year. Similarly,~~will increase, with FTP ~~charges~~crediting rates for deposits typically repricing at a slower pace than FTP charge rates for funding ~~loans decreased in the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to the same period in the prior year.~~loans.

Business Segments

The following sections present a summary of the performance of each of the Corporation's business segments for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same period in the prior year. ~~The nine months ended September 30, 2021 has been recast to reflect the retrospective application~~

Table of the Corporation's election to change the accounting method for certain components of expense related to the defined pension plan. Further information about the change in accounting methodology is presented in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements.Contents

Commercial Bank


		Nine Months Ended						Percent Change			Nine Months Ended September 30,						Percent Change
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2021		September 30, 2020		Change				(dollar amounts in millions)	2022		2021		Change
Earnings summary:	Earnings summary:									Earnings summary:
Net interest income	Net interest income	$	1,191	$	1,194	$	(3)	—	%	Net interest income	$	1,232	$	1,189	$	43	4	%
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	(325)		527		(852)		n/m		Provision for credit losses	1		(325)		326		n/m
Noninterest income	Noninterest income	495		406		89		22		Noninterest income	461		495		(34)		(7)
Noninterest expenses	Noninterest expenses	643		598		45		7		Noninterest expenses	713		641		72		11
Provision for income taxes	Provision for income taxes	307		96		211		n/m		Provision for income taxes	229		307		(78)		(25)
Net income	Net income	$	1,061	$	379	$	682	n/m		Net income	$	750	$	1,061	$	(311)	(29)	%
Net credit-related (recoveries) charge-offs		$	(6)	$	166	$	(172)	n/m
Net credit-related charge-offs (recoveries)										Net credit-related charge-offs (recoveries)	$	17	$	(6)	$	23	n/m

Selected average balances:	Selected average balances:									Selected average balances:
Loans (a)	Loans (a)	$	42,090	$	44,256	$	(2,166)	(5)	%	Loans (a)	$	42,928	$	42,087	$	841	2	%
Deposits	Deposits	43,827		35,376		8,451		24		Deposits	43,733		43,844		(111)		—

(a)Included PPP loans with average balances of ~~$2.2 billion~~$126 million and ~~$1.7~~$2.2 billion for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

n/m - not meaningful

Average loans ~~decreased $2.2 billion,~~increased $841 million, including a ~~$513 million increase~~$2.1 billion decline in PPP loans. ~~The change~~Excluding the impact of PPP loans, average loans increased $2.9 billion due to increases in ~~loans included~~Corporate Banking, general Middle Market, Equity Fund Services and Environmental Services, partially offset by decreases in ~~National Dealer Services,~~Mortgage Banker Finance and Business Banking. Average deposits decreased $111 million, primarily reflecting decreases in money market and time deposits, partially offset by an increase in noninterest-bearing deposits. The Commercial Bank's net income decreased $311 million. Net interest income increased $43 million due to an increase in loan income, partially offset by higher allocated net FTP charges and a decline in loan fees. The provision for credit losses increased $326 million, reflecting increases in Energy, Commercial Real Estate, Business Banking, Technology and Life Sciences and general Middle ~~Market,~~Market. Net credit-related charge-offs increased $23 million to $17 million, primarily due to a reduction in Energy net recoveries as well as an increase in Technology and Life Sciences net charge-offs, partially offset by net recoveries in Corporate Banking and Business Banking. Noninterest income decreased $34 million, driven by decreases in principal investing and warrant-related income, card fees (due to higher activity in 2021 from stimulus payments) and investment banking fees, partially offset by increases in Equity Fund Services, Environmental Services and Commercial Real Estate. Average deposits increased $8.5 billion, reflecting increases in all deposit categories. The Commercial Bank's net income increased $682 million. Net interest income was stable, while the provision for credit losses decreased $852 million to a benefit of $325 million, reflecting the economy re-opening as well as sustained improvements in the economic forecasts and in the Energy portfolio. Net credit-related charge-offs decreased $172 million to a $6 million recovery, primarily due to a reduction of $150 million in Energy net charge-offs. Noninterest income increased $89 million with increases in derivative income ~~card fees,~~and commercial lending ~~fees and warrant income, partially offset by a decrease in securities trading income.~~fees. Noninterest expenses increased ~~$45~~$72 million, primarily reflecting increases in salaries and benefits expense, ~~outside processing fee expense and~~ corporate overhead, ~~which were~~operational losses and litigation-related expenses, partially offset by a decrease in ~~litigation-related expenses.~~outside processing fee expense.

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Retail Bank


		Nine Months Ended						Percent Change			Nine Months Ended September 30,						Percent Change
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2021		September 30, 2020		Change				(dollar amounts in millions)	2022		2021		Change
Earnings summary:	Earnings summary:									Earnings summary:
Net interest income	Net interest income	$	427	$	373	$	54	15	%	Net interest income	$	464	$	427	$	37	9	%
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	(6)		6		(12)		n/m		Provision for credit losses	7		(6)		13		n/m
Noninterest income	Noninterest income	90		80		10		12		Noninterest income	89		90		(1)		(1)
Noninterest expenses	Noninterest expenses	481		449		32		7		Noninterest expenses	507		481		26		5
Provision (benefit) for income taxes		5		(2)		7		n/m
Provision for income taxes										Provision for income taxes	9		5		4		88
Net income	Net income	$	37	$	—	$	37	n/m		Net income	$	30	$	37	$	(7)	(14)	%
Net credit-related charge-offs		$	1	$	1	$	—	—
Net credit-related (recoveries) charge-offs										Net credit-related (recoveries) charge-offs	$	(1)	$	1	$	(2)	n/m

Selected average balances:	Selected average balances:									Selected average balances:
Loans (a)	Loans (a)	$	2,483	$	2,413	$	70	3	%	Loans (a)	$	2,031	$	2,483	$	(452)	(18	%)
Deposits	Deposits	25,334		22,486		2,848		13		Deposits	26,890		25,334		1,556		6

(a)Included PPP loans with average balances of ~~$532~~$38 million and ~~$328~~$532 million for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

n/m - not meaningful

Average loans ~~increased $70~~decreased $452 million due to ~~loans to small businesses, driven by~~a $494 million decline in PPP loans. Average deposits increased ~~$2.8~~$1.6 billion, ~~including~~reflecting increases in all deposit categories with the exception of time deposits. The Retail Bank's net income ~~increased $37 million.~~decreased $7 million to $30 million, including a $13 million increase in the provision for credit losses. Net interest income increased ~~$54~~$37 million primarily due to higher ~~deposit volumes earning~~ FTP crediting ~~rates. Provision for credit losses decreased $12 million to a benefit of $6 million.~~rates on deposits. Noninterest income ~~increased $10 million, driven by increases in card fees and smaller increases in other categories. Noninterest~~was relatively stable, while noninterest expenses increased ~~$32~~$26 million, primarily due to increases in ~~litigation-related expenses and~~ corporate overhead ~~which were~~and operational losses, partially offset by a decrease in ~~operational losses.~~litigation-related expenses.

Wealth Management


		Nine Months Ended						Percent Change			Nine Months Ended September 30,						Percent Change
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2021		September 30, 2020		Change				(dollar amounts in millions)	2022		2021		Change
Earnings summary:	Earnings summary:									Earnings summary:
Net interest income	Net interest income	$	125	$	123	$	2	2	%	Net interest income	$	138	$	125	$	13	10	%
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	(29)		21		(50)		n/m		Provision for credit losses	11		(29)		40		n/m
Noninterest income	Noninterest income	207		200		7		4		Noninterest income	226		207		19		9
Noninterest expenses	Noninterest expenses	232		217		15		8		Noninterest expenses	259		232		27		11
Provision for income taxes	Provision for income taxes	29		18		11		56		Provision for income taxes	23		29		(6)		(21)
Net income	Net income	$	100	$	67	$	33	49		Net income	$	71	$	100	$	(29)	(30)	%
Net credit-related recoveries	Net credit-related recoveries	$	(1)	$	—	$	(1)	n/m		Net credit-related recoveries	$	(2)	$	(1)	$	(1)	n/m

Selected average balances:	Selected average balances:									Selected average balances:
Loans (a)	Loans (a)	$	4,940	$	5,035	$	(95)	(2)	%	Loans (a)	$	4,841	$	4,940	$	(99)	(2)	%
Deposits	Deposits	5,047		4,228		819		19		Deposits	5,520		5,047		473		9

(a)Included PPP loans with average balances of ~~$155~~$19 million and ~~$114~~$155 million for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

n/m - not meaningful

Average loans decreased ~~$95~~$99 million due to ~~$4.9 billion,~~a $136 million decline in PPP loans, while average deposits increased ~~$819~~$473 million, reflecting increases in all deposit ~~categories with the exception of time deposits.~~categories. Wealth Management's net income ~~increased $33~~decreased $29 million to ~~$100~~$71 million. Net interest income ~~was relatively stable, while provision for credit losses decreased $50~~increased $13 million ~~to a benefit of $29 million due to the improving economic outlook. Noninterest income increased $7 million, primarily~~mostly due to an increase in ~~fiduciary~~loan income, partially offset by ~~a decrease~~an increase in ~~brokerage fees.~~allocated net FTP charges. Provision for credit losses increased $40 million to an expense of $11 million, while noninterest income increased $19 million due to increases in fiduciary income, investment fees and derivative income. Noninterest expenses increased ~~$15~~$27 million, primarily reflecting increases in salaries and benefits expense and corporate overhead.

~~Market Segments~~

The following sections present a summary of the performance of each of the Corporation's market segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 compared to the same period in the prior year. The nine months ended September 30, 2021 has been recast to reflect the retrospective application of the Corporation's election to change the accounting method for certain components of expense related to the defined pension plan. Further information about the change in accounting methodology is presented in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Michigan~~

Nine Months Ended Percent
Change
(dollar amounts in millions) September 30, 2021 September 30, 2020 Change
Earnings summary:
Net interest income $ 513 $ 491 $ 22 4 %
Provision for credit losses (66) 83 (149) n/m
Noninterest income 208 202 6 3
Noninterest expenses 416 413 3 1
Provision for income taxes 74 37 37 95
Net income $ 297 $ 160 $ 137 87%
Net credit-related charge-offs $ 5 $ 10 $ (5) (49)%
Selected average balances:
Loans (a) $ 11,998 $ 12,672 $ (674) (5) %
Deposits 26,712 22,926 3,786 17

~~(a)Included PPP loans with average balances of $1.1 billion and $810 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.~~

~~n/m - not meaningful~~

Average loans decreased $674 million, driven by decreases in National Dealer Services and general Middle Market. Average deposits increased $3.8 billion, reflecting increases in all deposit categories with the exception of time deposits. The Michigan market's net income increased $137 million. Net interest income increased $22 million, primarily driven by higher deposit volumes earning FTP crediting rates, partially offset by a decrease in average loans. The provision for credit losses decreased $149 million to a benefit of $66 million, primarily due to decreases in general Middle Market, Business Banking and Corporate Banking. Net credit-related charge-offs decreased $5 million, mainly due to decreases in Corporate Banking and Business Banking. Noninterest income increased $6 million, driven by an increase in card fees and smaller increases in other categories. Noninterest expenses increased $3 million, primarily due to increases in salaries and benefits expense and corporate overhead, partially offset by decreases in litigation-related expenses and operational losses.

~~California~~

Nine Months Ended Percent
Change
(dollar amounts in millions) September 30, 2021 September 30, 2020 Change
Earnings summary:
Net interest income $ 526 $ 518 $ 8 2 %
Provision for credit losses (77) 108 (185) n/m
Noninterest income 129 98 31 32
Noninterest expenses 325 288 37 13
Provision for income taxes 95 51 44 89
Net income $ 312 $ 169 $ 143 84%
Net credit-related charge-offs $ 6 $ 21 $ (15) (72) %
Selected average balances:
Loans (a) $ 17,480 $ 17,910 $ (430) (2) %
Deposits 21,195 17,617 3,578 20

~~(a)Included PPP loans with average balances of $960 million and $724 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.~~

~~n/m - not meaningful~~

Average loans decreased $430 million, primarily due to decreases in National Dealer Services and general Middle Market, partially offset by increases in Equity Fund Services, Commercial Real Estate and Entertainment Lending. Average deposits increased $3.6 billion, including increases in all deposit categories with the exception of time deposits. The California market's net income increased $143 million. Net interest income increased $8 million, primarily driven by higher deposit volumes earning FTP crediting rates, partially offset by a decrease in average loans. The provision for credit losses decreased $185 million to a benefit of $77 million, primarily reflecting decreases in Commercial Real Estate, general Middle Market and Business Banking. Net credit-related charge-offs decreased $15 million, mainly due to decreases in Technology and Life Sciences and general Middle Market. Noninterest income increased $31 million, primarily from warrant and derivative income, partially offset by a decrease in securities trading income. Noninterest expenses increased $37 million, including increases in litigation-related expenses, salaries and benefits expense and corporate overhead.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Texas~~

Nine Months Ended Percent
Change
(dollar amounts in millions) September 30, 2021 September 30, 2020 Change
Earnings summary:
Net interest income $ 344 $ 348 $ (4) (1) %
Provision for credit losses (193) 296 (489) n/m
Noninterest income 113 88 25 28
Noninterest expenses 274 260 14 5
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 80 (28) 108 n/m
Net income (loss) $ 296 $ (92) $ 388 n/m
Net credit-related (recoveries) charge-offs $ (19) $ 127 $ (146) n/m
Selected average balances:
Loans (a) $ 9,934 $ 10,877 $ (943) (9) %
Deposits 11,104 10,017 1,087 11

~~(a)Included PPP loans with average balances of $547 million and $419 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.~~

~~n/m - not meaningful~~

Average loans decreased $943 million, primarily due to decreases in Energy, Corporate Banking and general Middle Market, partially offset by an increase in Commercial Real Estate. Average deposits increased $1.1 billion, including increases in all deposit categories with the exception of time deposits. The Texas market's net income increased $388 million from a net loss of $92 million. Net interest income was relatively stable, while the provision for credit losses decreased $489 million to a benefit of $193 million and net credit-related charge-offs decreased $146 million to a recovery of $19 million, both reflecting decreases in Energy. Noninterest income increased $25 million, reflecting increased derivative and warrant income. Noninterest expenses increased $14 million, mainly due to increases in salaries and benefits expense.

~~Other Markets~~

Nine Months Ended Percent
Change
(dollar amounts in millions) September 30, 2021 September 30, 2020 Change
Earnings summary:
Net interest income $ 360 $ 333 $ 27 8 %
Provision for credit losses (24) 67 (91) n/m
Noninterest income 342 298 44 15
Noninterest expenses 341 303 38 13
Provision for income taxes 92 52 40 74
Net income $ 293 $ 209 $ 84 40 %
Net credit-related charge-offs $ 2 $ 9 $ (7) (81)%
Selected average balances:
Loans (a) $ 10,100 $ 10,252 $ (152) (1) %
Deposits 15,197 11,530 3,667 32

~~(a)Included PPP loans with average balances of $239 million and $188 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively.~~

~~n/m - not meaningful~~

Average loans were relatively stable, while average deposits increased $3.7 billion, including increases in all deposit categories with the exception of time deposits. Other Markets' net income increased $84 million. Net interest income increased $27 million, primarily due to higher deposit volumes earning FTP crediting rates. The provision for credit losses decreased $91 million to a benefit of $24 million, primarily reflecting decreases in Technology and Life Sciences and Corporate Banking. Noninterest income increased $44 million, mostly from increases in card fees, commercial lending fees, fiduciary and derivative income, partially offset by a decrease in securities trading income. Noninterest expenses increased $38 million, primarily reflecting increases in outside processing fees, corporate overhead and salaries and benefits expense, partially offset by lower operational losses.

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Finance & Other


		Nine Months Ended						Percent Change			Nine Months Ended September 30,						Percent Change
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2021		September 30, 2020		Change				(dollar amounts in millions)	2022		2021		Change
Earnings summary:	Earnings summary:									Earnings summary:
Net interest expense	Net interest expense	$	(360)	$	(248)	$	(112)	45	%	Net interest expense	$	(110)	$	(358)	$	248	(69)%
Provision for credit losses	Provision for credit losses	1		—		1		n/m		Provision for credit losses	8		1		7		n/m
Noninterest income	Noninterest income	42		50		(8)		(17)		Noninterest income	14		42		(28)		(67)
Noninterest expenses	Noninterest expenses	19		25		(6)		(26)		Noninterest expenses	(22)		21		(43)		n/m
Benefit for income taxes	Benefit for income taxes	(80)		(53)		(27)		50		Benefit for income taxes	(32)		(80)		48		(60)
Net loss	Net loss	$	(258)	$	(170)	$	(88)	52	%	Net loss	$	(50)	$	(258)	$	208	(80)%

Selected average balances:	Selected average balances:									Selected average balances:
Loans	Loans	$	(4)	$	(5)	$	1	(20)%		Loans	$	15	$	(2)	$	17	n/m
Deposits	Deposits	1,163		1,201		(38)		(3)		Deposits	728		1,146		(418)		(36)

n/m - not meaningful

Average deposits, which primarily consist of brokered and reciprocal deposits, decreased $418 million. Net loss for the Finance &and Other category ~~increased $88~~decreased $208 million to ~~$258~~$50 million. Net interest expense ~~increased $112~~decreased $248 million to $110 million, primarily reflecting ~~a decrease~~an increase in net FTP revenue as a result of ~~lower~~higher rates charged to the business segments under the Corporation's internal FTP methodology. Noninterest income decreased $8$28 million asto $14 million, driven by a ~~result of a decline~~decrease in ~~derivative income.~~securities trading income, partially offset by an increase in bank-owned life insurance. Noninterest expenses decreased $6$43 million, ~~driven by~~primarily reflecting an increase in corporate overhead allocated to other lines of business, partially offset by salaries and benefits expense.

The following table lists the Corporation's banking centers by geographic ~~market segment.~~market.


		September 30,			September 30,
		2021	2020		2022	2021
Michigan	Michigan	188	189	Michigan	177	188
Texas	Texas	124	123	Texas	115	124
California	California	95	96	California	92	95
Other Markets	Other Markets	26	25	Other Markets	26	26

Total	Total	433	433	Total	410	433

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FINANCIAL CONDITION

Third Quarter ~~2021~~2022 Compared to Fourth Quarter ~~2020~~2021

Period-End Balances

Total assets ~~increased $6.4~~decreased $10.5 billion to ~~$94.5~~$84.1 billion driven by ~~increases of $7.8~~a $17.2 billion decrease in interest-bearing deposits with banks (primarily deposits with the Federal Reserve Bank), which declined from the elevated levels seen at December 31, 2021 and ~~$1.8~~was partially offset by increases of $2.5 billion in investment securities ~~partially offset by a decrease of $4.1 billion in loans, which included a $2.5 billion decline in PPP loans. Mortgage-backed securities increased $3.0 billion~~ due to ~~continued~~ deployment of excess liquidity and $2.4 billion in loans. The increase in loans included growth of $798 million in Corporate Banking, $768 million in National Dealer Services and $569 million in general Middle Market, partially offset by a $1.2 billion decrease in ~~Treasury securities related~~Mortgage Banker Finance.

Total liabilities decreased $7.6 billion to ~~maturities. The decline in loans included~~$79.1 billion, reflecting decreases of ~~$1.9~~$5.8 billion and $3.5 billion in ~~National Dealer Services as a result of low inventories, $968 million in Mortgage Banker Finance from elevated activity in 2020~~interest-bearing and $615 million in Business Banking, primarily due to PPP forgiveness. Excluding the impact of PPP loans, period-end loans declined $1.6 billion, primarily from decreases of $1.8 billion in National Dealer Service and $968 million in Mortgage Banker Finance,noninterest-bearing deposits, respectively, partially offset by increases of ~~$719~~$508 million in ~~general Middle Market~~short-term borrowings and ~~$418~~$220 million in ~~Environmental Services.~~

~~Total liabilities increased $6.6 billion~~medium- and long-term debt. The decline in deposits was broad-based, reflecting strategic deposit management and customers utilizing balances to ~~$86.7 billion, primarily reflecting increases of $4.7 billion each~~fund business activities. The growth in ~~interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing deposits, partially offset by the repayment of $2.8 billion in floating-rate~~short-term borrowings reflected Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) advances, while the increase in medium- and long-term debt reflected the issuance of $500 million in subordinated notes during the ~~first quarter. The deposit growth reflected increases in nearly every business line as commercial customers generated increased cash, while consumer customers continued~~third quarter 2022. Total shareholders' equity decreased $2.8 billion, primarily due to ~~conserve cash from government stimulus payments.~~the net impact of unrealized losses on investment securities available-for-sale.

Average Balances

Total assets ~~increased $6.0~~decreased $11.3 billion to ~~$91.4~~$85.4 billion ~~due to increases of $7.4~~driven by a $20.1 billion decrease in interest-bearing deposits with banks, ~~and $1.1~~which was partially offset by increases of $3.9 billion in investment securities ~~partially offset by a~~and $3.3 billion ~~decrease~~ in loans. The following table provides information about the change in the Corporation's average loan portfolio by loan ~~type and geographic market.~~type.


		Three Months Ended						Percent Change			Three Months Ended						Percent Change
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020		Change				(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		Change
By Loan Type:

Commercial loans (a)	Commercial loans (a)	$	28,244	$	31,713	$	(3,469)	(11	%)	Commercial loans (a)	$	30,573	$	27,925	$	2,648	9	%
Real estate construction loans	Real estate construction loans	3,160		4,157		(997)		(24)		Real estate construction loans	2,457		2,968		(511)		(17)
Commercial mortgage loans	Commercial mortgage loans	11,165		9,938		1,227		12		Commercial mortgage loans	12,180		11,212		968		9
Lease financing	Lease financing	580		600		(20)		(3)		Lease financing	690		634		56		9
International loans	International loans	1,075		918		157		17		International loans	1,234		1,177		57		5
Residential mortgage loans	Residential mortgage loans	1,816		1,908		(92)		(5)		Residential mortgage loans	1,761		1,810		(49)		(3)
Consumer loans	Consumer loans	2,095		2,171		(76)		(4)		Consumer loans	2,218		2,099		119		6
Total loans	Total loans	$	48,135	$	51,405	$	(3,270)	(6	%)	Total loans	$	51,113	$	47,825	$	3,288	7	%
Loans By Geographic Market:
Michigan		$	11,445	$	12,225	$	(780)	(6	%)
California		17,042		18,030		(988)		(5)
Texas		9,650		10,583		(933)		(9)
Other Markets and Finance		9,998		10,567		(569)		(5)
Total loans		$	48,135	$	51,405	$	(3,270)	(6	%)

(a)Included PPP loans of ~~$1.7 billion~~$67 million and ~~$3.7 billion~~$689 million for the three months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

The ~~decrease~~$3.3 billion increase in loans, which included a ~~$2.0 billion~~$622 million decline in PPP loans, was primarily driven by ~~declines~~increases of $897 million in general Middle Market, $864 million in Corporate Banking, $820 million in National Dealer Services, ~~Mortgage Banker Finance and Business Banking, partially offset by an increase~~$500 million in Equity Fund ~~Services. National Dealer~~ Services, ~~continues to be impacted by supply chain issues resulting~~$409 million in ~~low inventory levels. Excluding the impact of PPP loans, average loans declined $1.3 billion as a result of decreases in National Dealer~~Environmental Services and ~~Mortgage Banker Finance, partially offset by increases~~$241 million in ~~general Middle Market and Equity Fund Services.~~

~~Total liabilities increased $6.0 billion to $83.4 billion, reflecting increases of $5.2 billion and $3.6 billion in noninterest-bearing and interest-bearing deposits, respectively,~~Commercial Real Estate, which was partially offset by a $786 million decrease in Mortgage Banker Finance.

Total liabilities decreased $9.8 billion to $79.1 billion, primarily reflecting broad-based decreases of ~~$2.9~~$6.4 billion and $4.2 billion in ~~medium-~~interest-bearing and ~~long-term debt~~noninterest-bearing deposits, respectively. Total shareholders' equity decreased $1.5 billion, primarily due to the ~~repayment~~net impact of ~~$2.8 billion in floating-rate FHLB advances during the first quarter. The deposit growth reflected increases in nearly every business line as customers continue to conserve cash.~~unrealized losses on investment securities available-for-sale.

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Capital

The following table presents a summary of changes in total shareholders' equity for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021.~~2022.


(in millions)
Balance at January 1, ~~2021~~2022			$	~~8,050~~7,897

Net income			~~940~~801
Cash dividends declared on common stock			~~(276)~~(267)
Cash dividends declared on preferred stock			(17)
Purchase of common stock			~~(673)~~(36)

Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Investment securities	$	~~(214)~~(2,276)
Cash flow hedges	~~(66)~~(1,102)
Defined benefit and other postretirement plans	93
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax			~~(271)~~(3,375)
Net issuance of common stock under employee stock plans			1418
Share-based compensation			3648

Balance at September 30, ~~2021~~2022			$	~~7,803~~5,069

The following table summarizes the Corporation's repurchase activity during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

(shares in thousands) Total Number of Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly Announced Repurchase Plans or Programs Remaining Share
Repurchase
Authorization (a) Total Number
of Shares
Purchased (b) Average Price
Paid Per
Share
Total first quarter 2021 — 4,870 55 $ 61.39
Total second quarter 2021 5,882 8,988 5,884 76.51
July 2021 475 8,513 477 68.22
August 2021 1,737 6,776 1,737 72.85
September 2021 838 5,938 838 72.81
Total third quarter 2021 3,050 5,938 3,052 72.12
Total 2021 year-to-date 8,932 5,938 8,991 74.92


(shares in thousands)	Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Repurchase Plans or Programs	Remaining Share Repurchase Authorization (a)	Total Number of Shares Purchased (b)	Average Price Paid Per Share



Total first quarter 2022	377	4,997	399	$	92.58



Total second quarter 2022	—	4,997	2	90.85
July 2022	—	4,997	2	74.64
August 2022	—	4,997	—	—
September 2022	—	4,997	—	—
Total third quarter 2022	—	4,997	2	74.64




Total 2022 year-to-date	377	4,997	403	92.48

(a)Maximum number of shares that may be repurchased under the publicly announced plans or programs.

(b)Includes approximately ~~59,000~~26,000 shares purchased pursuant to deferred compensation plans and shares purchased from employees to pay for taxes related to restricted stock vesting under the terms of an employee share-based compensation plan during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. These transactions are not considered part of the Corporation's repurchase program.

~~On April 27, 2021~~The Corporation continues to target a Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) capital ratio of approximately 10 percent with active capital management. At September 30, 2022, the Corporation's ~~Board of Directors approved the authorization~~estimated CET1 capital ratio was 9.92 percent, down from 10.13 percent at December 31, 2021, primarily due to ~~repurchase up to an additional 10 million shares of its outstanding common stock, including an Accelerated Share Repurchase transaction (ASR) effected in the second quarter of 2021.~~loan growth. Since the inception of the share repurchase program in 2010, a total of 97.2 million shares have been authorized for repurchase. There is no expiration date for the share repurchase program. The timing and actual amount of ~~additional~~ share repurchases are subject to various factors, including the Corporation's earnings generation, capital needs to fund future loan growth and market conditions.

The Corporation continues to target a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio of approximately 10 percent with continued active capital management. At September 30, 2021, the Corporation's estimated CET1 capital ratio was 10.21 percent. While the Corporation elected regulatory relief to defer the impact of adopting the CECL model for measuring credit losses on regulatory capital, there was no estimated deferral amount at September 30, 2021.

The following table presents the minimum ratios required.



Common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets	4.5	%
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets	6.0
Total capital to risk-weighted assets	8.0
Capital conservation buffer (a)	2.5
Tier 1 capital to adjusted average assets (leverage ratio)	4.0

(a)In addition to the minimum risk-based capital requirements, the Corporation is required to maintain a minimum capital conservation buffer, in the form of common equity, in order to avoid restrictions on capital distributions and discretionary bonuses.

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The Corporation's capital ratios exceeded minimum regulatory requirements as follows:


		September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020					September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	Capital/Assets		Ratio		Capital/Assets		Ratio		(dollar amounts in millions)	Capital/Assets		Ratio		Capital/Assets		Ratio
Common equity tier 1 (a), (b)	Common equity tier 1 (a), (b)	$	6,965	10.21	%	$	6,919	10.34	%	Common equity tier 1 (a), (b)	$	7,616	9.92	%	$	7,064	10.13	%
Tier 1 risk-based (a), (b)	Tier 1 risk-based (a), (b)	7,359		10.79		7,313		10.93		Tier 1 risk-based (a), (b)	8,010		10.44		7,458		10.70
Total risk-based (a)	Total risk-based (a)	8,529		12.51		8,833		13.20		Total risk-based (a)	9,512		12.40		8,608		12.35
Leverage (a)	Leverage (a)	7,359		8.08		7,313		8.63		Leverage (a)	8,010		9.20		7,458		7.74
Common shareholders' equity	Common shareholders' equity	7,409		7.84		7,656		8.69		Common shareholders' equity	4,675		5.55		7,503		7.93
Tangible common equity (b)	Tangible common equity (b)	6,762		7.20		7,020		8.02		Tangible common equity (b)	4,030		4.82		6,857		7.30
Risk-weighted assets (a)	Risk-weighted assets (a)	68,193				66,931				Risk-weighted assets (a)	76,736				69,708

(a) September 30, ~~2021~~2022 capital, risk-weighted assets and ratios are estimated. ~~Ratios reflect deferral of CECL model impact as calculated per regulatory guidance. The deferred amounts were zero at September 30, 2021 (estimated) and $72 million at December 31, 2020.~~

(b) See Supplemental Financial Data section for reconciliations of non-GAAP financial measures and regulatory ratios.

The common shareholders' equity ratio decreased 238 basis points to 5.55 percent at September 30, 2022 primarily due to the change in unrealized losses in the Corporation's investment securities portfolio and, to a lesser extent, its cash flow hedge portfolio. The unrealized losses in the Corporation's available-for-sale investment security portfolio are due to market valuations since the time of initial acquisition which, in substantially all cases, are not expected to be realized. The tangible common equity ratio, which excludes goodwill and other intangible assets, decreased 248 basis points to 4.82 percent for the same reasons. The impact of cumulative unrealized losses recorded within other comprehensive loss at September 30, 2022 to both ratios was approximately 430 basis points.

RISK MANAGEMENT

The following updated information should be read in conjunction with the "Risk Management" section on pages ~~F-22~~F-17 through ~~F-38~~F-33 in the Corporation's ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report.

Credit Risk

Allowance for Credit Losses

The allowance for credit losses includes both the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments. The allowance for credit losses increased $6 million from $618 million at December 31, 2021 to $624 million at September 30, 2022. As a percentage of total loans, the allowance for credit losses was ~~1.33~~1.21 percent at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, compared to ~~1.90~~1.26 percent at December 31, 2020. Excluding $1.0 billion in PPP loans, which are guaranteed by the Small Business Administration, the allowance for credit losses was 1.35 percent of total loans at September 30, 2021, compared to 2.03 percent at December 31, 2020.2021. The allowance for credit losses covered ~~2.2~~2.4 times and ~~2.8~~2.3 times total nonperforming loans at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

The following table presents metrics of the allowance for credit losses ~~decreased $353 million~~and nonperforming loans.


	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans	1.21	%	1.26	%
Allowance for credit losses as a multiple of total nonaccrual loans	2.4x		2.3x
Allowance for credit losses as a multiple of total nonperforming loans	2.4x		2.3x

The economic forecasts informing the current expected credit loss (CECL) model primarily reflected continued strong credit quality, a tight labor market and strong demand for goods and services. Excess savings and pent-up demand from $992 million at December 31, 2020 to $639 million at September 30, 2021, primarily reflecting a sustained recovery by the U.S. economy from the COVID-19 pandemic and benefits of mitigating actions by the U.S. government. Despite a slowdown in consumer spending driven by the Delta variant, strong business spending and improvedconsumers, as well as robust labor markets, have supported growth in the broader U.S. economy. However, there ~~continues to be uncertainty related to~~are increasing downside risks from the ~~impact~~impacts of ~~emerging COVID-19 variants~~inflationary pressures, future monetary policy actions and ~~lagging vaccination rates,~~the slowing housing market. Foreign developments also pose additional headwinds, including the impacts of the Russia-Ukraine conflict, China's lockdowns, ongoing supply chain ~~constraints, future monetary~~issues and ~~fiscal support and inflationary pressures.~~economic challenges in Europe.

These factors shaped the 2-year reasonable and supportable forecasts used by the Corporation in its CECL estimate at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. The U.S. economy is ~~expected~~projected to continue to grow ~~at an accelerated~~in fourth quarter 2022, with the pace ~~through the first half~~ of ~~2022~~expansion slowing significantly in 2023 before ~~normalizing into historical~~returning to longer-term growth ~~rates. Forecasts for other key~~rates in 2024. Certain economic variables, ~~including~~like oil prices, are expected to normalize over the forecast period while others, like the unemployment rate, ~~and oil prices,~~ are ~~generally in line with GDP projections.~~projected to remain stable. Interest rates ~~remain low, reflecting~~are forecasted to increase through late 2023 and then gradually decline, consistent with the Federal Reserve's ~~expectation that rates will remain at current levels in the near-to mid-term,~~projections, while corporate bond ~~rates~~spreads are expected to reflect normalized default risk. The following table summarizes select ~~economic~~ variables representative of the economic forecasts used to develop the allowance for credit losses estimate at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

Table of Contents


Economic Variable			Base Forecast
Real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth			Growth peaks at ~~6.7~~2.5 percent in fourth quarter ~~2021,~~2022 before ~~gradually declining~~slowing to ~~a long-term~~under 1 percent through 2023, subsequently re-accelerating to an expected longer-term growth rate ~~of 2 to 3 percent by third quarter 2022.~~in 2024.
Unemployment rate			~~Current~~Expected to increase from current levels ~~decrease~~ to 4 percent by ~~third~~first quarter ~~2022 with minimal change through~~2023, remaining stable for the remainder of the forecast period.
Corporate BBB bond to 10-year Treasury bond spreads			~~Spreads gradually increase~~Projected to ~~1.8 percent by the end~~reflect a normalized level of default risk throughout the forecast period.
Oil Prices			Prices ~~gradually decrease~~steadily decline from current levels to ~~$62~~below $75 per barrel by the end of the forecast period.

Due to the high level of uncertainty regarding significant assumptions, ~~such as the ultimate impact of the global pandemic,~~ the Corporation evaluated a range of economic scenarios, including more benign and more severe economic forecasts. In ~~the~~a more severe scenario, real GDP is expected to contract through ~~second~~fourth quarter ~~2022, gradually~~2023, subsequently improving to a growth rate of ~~4.5~~1.9 percent by the end of the forecast period. Other key economic variables follow a similar pattern of short-term ~~contractions~~deterioration followed by a ~~gradual~~ recovery. Selecting the more severe forecast would result in an increase in the quantitative calculation of allowance for credit losses byof approximately ~~$162~~$182 million as of September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. However, factoring in model overlays and qualitative adjustments could result in a materially different estimate under a more severe scenario. The Corporation monitors evolving economic conditions for impacts to the allowance for credit losses.

~~Table of Contents~~

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimates of current expected credit losses in the Corporation’s loan portfolio. Pools of loans with similar risk characteristics are collectively evaluated, while loans that no longer share risk characteristics with loan pools are evaluated individually. The allowance for loan losses decreased $12 million to $576 million at September 30, 2022, compared to $588 million at December 31, 2021.

Collective loss estimates are determined by applying reserve factors, designed to estimate current expected credit losses, to amortized cost balances over the remaining contractual life of the collectively evaluated portfolio. Loans with similar risk characteristics are aggregated into homogeneous pools. The allowance for loan losses also includes qualitative adjustments to bring the allowance to the level management believes is appropriate based on factors that have not otherwise been fully accounted for, including adjustments for foresight risk, input imprecisions and model imprecision. Credit losses for loans that no longer share risk characteristics with the loan pools are estimated on an individual basis. Individual credit loss estimates are typically performed for nonaccrual loans and modified loans classified as troubled debt restructurings (TDRs) and are based on one of several methods, including the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral, observable market value of similar debt or the present value of expected cash flows.

~~The following table presents metrics of the allowance for loan losses and nonperforming loans.~~

September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans 1.26 % 1.81 %
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans excluding PPP loans 1.29 1.94
Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans 0.61 0.67
Allowance for loan losses as a multiple of total nonperforming loans 2.1x 2.7x

Allowance for Credit Losses on Lending-Related Commitments

The allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments estimates current expected credit losses on collective pools of letters of credit and unused commitments to extend credit based on reserve factors, determined in a manner similar to business loans, multiplied by a probability of draw estimate based on historical experience and credit risk, applied to commitment amounts. ~~The allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments totaled $30 million and $44 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.~~

For additional information regarding the allowance for credit losses, refer to the "Critical Accounting ~~Policies"~~Estimates" section and pages ~~F-57~~F-51 through ~~F-59~~F-52 in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements of the Corporation's ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report.

Nonperforming Assets

Nonperforming assets include loans on nonaccrual status, TDRs which have been renegotiated to less than the original contractual rates (reduced-rate loans) and foreclosed assets. TDRs include performing and nonperforming loans, with nonperforming TDRs on either nonaccrual or reduced-rate status. In accordance with the provisions of the CARES Act, the Corporation elected not to consider qualifying COVID-19-related modifications, primarily deferrals, as TDRs and ~~does~~did not designate such loans as past due or ~~nonaccrual.~~nonaccrual at December 31, 2021. The temporary relief provided under the CARES Act applied to modifications made from the start of the COVID-19 pandemic through December 31, 2021. For additional information regarding the Corporation's accounting policies for the CARES Act, refer to page ~~F-56~~F-50 in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements of the Corporation's ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report.

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The following table presents a summary of nonperforming assets and past due loans.

(dollar amounts in millions) September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Nonaccrual loans:
Business loans:
Commercial $ 200 $ 252
Real estate construction 6 1
Commercial mortgage 30 29
Lease financing — 1
International 8 —
Total nonaccrual business loans 244 283
Retail loans:
Residential mortgage 35 47
Consumer:
Home equity 12 17
Total nonaccrual retail loans 47 64
Total nonaccrual loans 291 347
Reduced-rate loans 4 3
Total nonperforming loans 295 350
Foreclosed property 1 8
Other repossessed assets — 1
Total nonperforming assets $ 296 $ 359
Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans 0.61 % 0.67 %
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total loans and foreclosed property 0.62 0.69
Allowance for credit losses as a multiple of total nonperforming loans 2.2x 2.8x
Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing $ 12 $ 45


(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022			December 31, 2021















Nonaccrual loans	259			264
Reduced-rate loans	3			4
Total nonperforming loans	262			268
Foreclosed property	—			1

Total nonperforming assets	$	262		$	269

Nonaccrual loans as a percentage of total loans	0.50		%	0.54		%
Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans	0.51			0.54
Nonperforming assets as a percentage of total loans and foreclosed property	0.51			0.55

Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing	$	72		$	27

Nonperforming assets decreased ~~$63~~$7 million to ~~$296~~$262 million at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, from ~~$359~~$269 million at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. The decrease in nonperforming assets was primarily ~~reflected an $86~~due to a decrease of $28 million ~~decrease~~ in ~~nonperforming Energy~~nonaccrual business loans, ~~which are~~partially offset by a ~~component of commercial loans.~~

~~As of September 30, 2021,~~$23 million increase in nonaccrual retail loans, as temporary legislative relief for COVID-19-related ~~payment~~ deferrals ~~which consisted of residential mortgages, totaled $35 million, or 0.07~~ended on December 31, 2021. Nonperforming loans were 0.51 percent of total loans. Initial deferrals have expired and new requests have been nominal as customers continue to adjust to the new environment, resulting in a $107 million decrease in deferrals since fourth quarter 2020. Loans with COVID-19-related deferred payments on a third or later deferral, primarily residential mortgages, totaled $33 millionloans at September 30, ~~2021 and would generally be considered TDRs if not for the provisions in the CARES Act.~~

~~The following table presents a summary of TDRs~~2022, compared to 0.54 percent at ~~September 30, 2021 and~~ December 31, ~~2020.~~

(in millions) September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Nonperforming TDRs:
Nonaccrual TDRs $ 23 $ 33
Reduced-rate TDRs 4 3
Total nonperforming TDRs 27 36
Performing TDRs (a) 40 41
Total TDRs $ 67 $ 77

~~(a)TDRs that do not include a reduction in~~2021. For further information regarding the ~~original contractual interest rate which are performing in accordance with their modified terms.~~

~~Table~~composition of ~~Contents~~

nonaccrual loans, refer to Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements.

The following table presents a summary of changes in nonaccrual loans.


		Three Months Ended							Three Months Ended
(in millions)	(in millions)	September 30, 2021		June 30, 2021		March 31, 2021		(in millions)	September 30, 2022		June 30, 2022		March 31, 2022
Balance at beginning of period	Balance at beginning of period	$	311	$	314	$	347	Balance at beginning of period	$	262	$	269	$	264
Loans transferred to nonaccrual (a)	Loans transferred to nonaccrual (a)	55		62		61		Loans transferred to nonaccrual (a)	45		30		41
Nonaccrual loan gross charge-offs	Nonaccrual loan gross charge-offs	(26)		(8)		(16)		Nonaccrual loan gross charge-offs	(26)		(13)		(18)
Loans transferred to accrual status (a)	Loans transferred to accrual status (a)	(8)		—		(17)		Loans transferred to accrual status (a)	—		—		(4)
Nonaccrual loans sold	Nonaccrual loans sold	(9)		—		(25)		Nonaccrual loans sold	(4)		(9)		—
Payments/other (b)	Payments/other (b)	(32)		(57)		(36)		Payments/other (b)	(18)		(15)		(14)
Balance at end of period	Balance at end of period	$	291	$	311	$	314	Balance at end of period	$	259	$	262	$	269

(a)Based on an analysis of nonaccrual loans with book balances greater than $2 million.

(b)Includes net changes related to nonaccrual loans with balances less than or equal to $2 million, payments on nonaccrual loans with book balances greater than $2 million and transfers of nonaccrual loans to foreclosed property.

There were five borrowers with a balance greater than $2 million, totaling ~~$55~~$45 million, transferred to nonaccrual status in third quarter ~~2021,~~2022, compared to ~~seven~~three borrowers totaling ~~$62~~$30 million in second quarter ~~2021~~2022 and ~~three~~ten borrowers totaling ~~$61~~$41 million in first quarter ~~2021.~~2022. For further information about the composition of loans transferred to nonaccrual during the current period, refer to the nonaccrual information by industry category table below.

The following table presents the composition of nonaccrual loans by balance and the related number of borrowers at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.


		September 30, 2021			December 31, 2020				September 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	Number of Borrowers	Balance		Number of Borrowers	Balance		(dollar amounts in millions)	Number of Borrowers	Balance		Number of Borrowers	Balance
Under $2 million	Under $2 million	603	$	69	682	$	83	Under $2 million	503	$	63	580	$	63
$2 million - $5 million	$2 million - $5 million	14	39		20	61		$2 million - $5 million	14	54		14	46
$5 million - $10 million	$5 million - $10 million	7	58		9	73		$5 million - $10 million	7	51		7	54
$10 million - $25 million	$10 million - $25 million	6	92		7	94		$10 million - $25 million	5	65		5	69
Greater than $25 million	Greater than $25 million	1	33		1	36		Greater than $25 million	1	26		1	32
Total	Total	631	$	291	719	$	347	Total	530	$	259	607	$	264

The following table presents a summary of nonaccrual loans at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 as well as loans transferred to nonaccrual and net loan charge-offs (recoveries) for the three months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, based on North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) categories.

September 30, 2021 Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
(dollar amounts in millions) Nonaccrual Loans Loans Transferred to
Nonaccrual (a) Net Loan Charge-Offs (Recoveries)
Industry Category
Transportation & Warehousing $ 50 17 % $ — — % $ 6
Manufacturing 37 13 10 18 7
Residential Mortgage 35 12 2 4 (1)
Real Estate & Home Builders 33 11 24 43 2
Mining, Quarrying and Oil & Gas Extraction 28 10 — — (16)
Wholesale Trade 26 9 — — —
Health Care & Social Assistance 17 6 19 35 6
Services 15 5 — — —
Information & Communication 13 4 — — —
Arts, Entertainment & Recreation 9 3 — — —
Retail Trade 3 1 — — 1
Contractors 2 1 — — —
Other (b) 23 8 — — (3)
Total $ 291 100 % $ 55 100 % $ 2

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(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022				Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
	Nonaccrual Loans				Loans Transferred to Nonaccrual (a)				Net Loan Charge-Offs (Recoveries)
Industry Category
Manufacturing	$	57	22	%	$	31	69	%	$	14	108	%
Residential Mortgage	56		22		4		9		(1)		(8)
Transportation & Warehousing	27		10		—		—		—		—
Wholesale Trade	23		9		—		—		1		8
Real Estate & Home Builders	21		8		—		—		—		—
Services	13		5		—		—		—		—
Retail Trade	11		4		9		20		(1)		(8)
Mining, Quarrying and Oil & Gas Extraction	10		4		—		—		(2)		(15)
Information & Communication	9		4		—		—		—		—
Arts, Entertainment & Recreation	7		3		—		—		—		—
Management of Companies and Enterprises	6		2		—		—		(3)		(24)
Health Care & Social Assistance	3		1		—		—		5		39


Other (b)	16		6		1		2		—		—
Total	$	259	100	%	$	45	100	%	$	13	100	%

(a)Based on an analysis of nonaccrual loans with book balances greater than $2 million.

(b)Consumer, excluding residential mortgage and certain personal purpose nonaccrual loans and net charge-offs, are included in the Other category.

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Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest generally represent loans that are ~~well collateralized~~well-collateralized and in the process of collection. Loans past due 90 days or more ~~decreased $33~~increased $45 million to ~~$12~~$72 million at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, compared to ~~$45~~$27 million at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Loans past due 30-89 days ~~decreased $235~~increased $262 million to ~~$169~~$415 million at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, compared to ~~$404~~$153 million at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Loans past due 30 days or more and still accruing interest as a percentage of total loans were ~~0.38~~0.94 percent and ~~0.86~~0.36 percent at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. An aging analysis of loans included in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements provides further information about the balances comprising past due loans.

The following table presents a summary of total criticized loans. The Corporation's criticized list is consistent with the Special Mention, Substandard and Doubtful categories defined by regulatory authorities. Criticized loans with balances of $2 million or more on nonaccrual status or loans with balances of $1 million or more whose terms have been modified in a TDR are individually subjected to quarterly credit quality reviews, and the Corporation may establish specific allowances for such loans. A table of loans by credit quality indicator included in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements provides further information about the balances comprising total criticized loans.


(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2021			June 30, 2021			December 31, 2020			(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022			June 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Total criticized loans	Total criticized loans	$	1,818		$	2,176		$	2,947		Total criticized loans	$	1,626		$	1,534		$	1,573
As a percentage of total loans	As a percentage of total loans	3.8		%	4.3		%	5.6		%	As a percentage of total loans	3.1		%	3.0		%	3.2		%

The ~~$1.1 billion decrease~~$53 million increase in criticized loans during the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 included ~~decreases~~increases of ~~$448~~$139 million in ~~Energy~~Technology and ~~$521~~Life Sciences, $84 million in Environmental Services and $51 million in general Middle ~~Market.~~Market, partially offset by decreases in $80 million in Business Banking, $72 million in Entertainment Lending, $35 million in Corporate Banking and $29 million in Energy.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Concentrations of credit risk may exist when a number of borrowers are engaged in similar activities, or activities in the same geographic region, and have similar economic characteristics that would cause them to be similarly impacted by changes in economic or other conditions. The Corporation has concentrations of credit risk with the commercial real estate and automotive industries. All other industry concentrations, as defined by management, individually represented less than 10 percent of total loans at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

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Commercial Real Estate Lending

At September 30, 2022, the Corporation's commercial real estate portfolio represented 29 percent of total loans. The following table summarizes the Corporation's commercial real estate loan portfolio by loan category.


		September 30, 2021						December 31, 2020						September 30, 2022								December 31, 2021
(in millions)	(in millions)	Commercial Real Estate business line (a)		Other (b)		Total		Commercial Real Estate business line (a)		Other (b)		Total			(in millions)	Commercial Real Estate business line (a)		Other (b)		Total			Commercial Real Estate business line (a)		Other (b)		Total
Real estate construction loans	Real estate construction loans	$	2,488	$	522	$	3,010	$	3,657	$	425	$	4,082		Real estate construction loans	$	2,022	$	595	$	2,617		$	2,391	$	557	$	2,948
Commercial mortgage loans	Commercial mortgage loans	3,413		7,802		11,215		2,273		7,639		9,912			Commercial mortgage loans	4,101		8,337		12,438			3,338		7,917		11,255
Total commercial real estate	Total commercial real estate	$	5,901	$	8,324	$	14,225	$	5,930	$	8,064	$	13,994		Total commercial real estate	$	6,123	$	8,932	$	15,055		$	5,729	$	8,474	$	14,203

(a)Primarily loans to real estate developers.

(b)Primarily loans secured by owner-occupied real estate.

The Corporation limits risk inherent in its commercial real estate lending activities by monitoring borrowers directly involved in the commercial real estate markets and adhering to conservative policies on loan-to-value ratios for such loans. Commercial real estate loans, consisting of real estate construction and commercial mortgage loans, totaled ~~$14.2~~$15.1 billion at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. Of the total, ~~$5.9~~$6.1 billion, or 41 percent, were to borrowers in the Commercial Real Estate business line, which includes loans to real estate developers, ~~a decrease~~an increase of ~~$29~~$394 million compared to December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Commercial real estate loans in other business lines totaled ~~$8.3~~$8.9 billion, or 59 percent, at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, an increase of ~~$260~~$458 million compared to December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. These loans consisted primarily of owner-occupied commercial mortgages, which bear credit characteristics similar to non-commercial real estate business loans. Generally, loans previously reported as real estate construction are classified as commercial mortgage loans upon receipt of a certificate of occupancy. During the second and third quarters 2021, the Corporation performed an in-depth review of the status of these loans which resulted in $1.2 billion of loans previously reported as real estate construction to be classified as commercial mortgage loans as of September 30, 2021.

The real estate construction loan portfolio primarily contains loans made to long-tenured customers with satisfactory completion experience. ~~Criticized~~There were no criticized real estate construction loans in the Commercial Real Estate business line ~~totaled $30 million and $27 million~~ at both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020, respectively.~~2021. In other business lines, criticized real estate construction loans totaled ~~$36~~$4 million at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, compared to ~~$20~~$35 million at December 31, ~~2020. There were no~~2021.

The following table summarizes net charge-offs related to the Corporation's commercial real estate ~~construction~~ loan ~~charge-offs in either of the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2021 or 2020.~~portfolio.


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
(in millions)	September 30, 2022		June 30, 2022		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021
Real estate construction net loan charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	1	$	—

Commercial mortgage loans are loans where the primary collateral is a lien on any real property and are primarily loans secured by owner-occupied real estate. Real property is generally considered primary collateral if the value of that

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collateral represents more than 50 percent of the commitment at loan approval. Loans in the commercial mortgage portfolio generally mature within three to five years. Criticized commercial mortgage loans in the Commercial Real Estate business line totaled ~~$68~~$18 million and ~~$73~~$29 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. In other business lines, ~~$270~~$154 million and ~~$440~~$219 million of commercial mortgage loans were criticized at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. ~~Commercial~~There were no commercial mortgage loan net charge-offs ~~were zero for~~during the ~~nine~~three months ended September 30, ~~2021, compared to net recoveries of $3 million for~~2022 and June 30, 2022, or in the ~~same period in 2020.~~nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

Automotive Lending - Dealer

The following table presents a summary of dealer loans.


		September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020					September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
(in millions)	(in millions)	Loans Outstanding		Percent of Total Loans		Loans Outstanding		Percent of Total Loans		(in millions)	Loans Outstanding		Percent of Total Loans		Loans Outstanding		Percent of Total Loans
Dealer:	Dealer:									Dealer:
Floor plan	Floor plan	$	555			$	2,344			Floor plan	$	1,059			$	681
Other	Other	3,190				3,348				Other	3,872				3,481
Total dealer	Total dealer	$	3,745	7.8	%	$	5,692	10.9	%	Total dealer	$	4,931	9.5	%	$	4,162	8.4	%

Substantially all dealer loans are in the National Dealer Services business line and primarily include floor plan financing and other loans to automotive dealerships. Floor plan loans, included in commercial loans in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, totaled ~~$555 million~~$1.1 billion at September 30, ~~2021, a decrease~~2022, an increase of ~~$1.8 billion~~$378 million compared to ~~$2.3 billion~~$681 million at December 31, ~~2020, due to~~2021, as an imbalance in supply and demand impacted by a shortage in microchips used in automotive ~~production.~~production continues to depress floor plan loan balances below pre-pandemic levels. Other loans to automotive dealers in the

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National Dealer Services business line totaled ~~$3.2~~$3.9 billion, including ~~$2.0~~$2.2 billion of owner-occupied commercial real estate mortgage loans at ~~both~~ September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and $2.0 billion at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021, respectively.

There were no nonaccrual dealer loans at both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Additionally, there were no net charge-offs of dealer loans during three months ended September 30, 2022 and June 30, 2022, or in the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021, compared to $2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2020.~~2022 and 2021.

Automotive Lending- Production

The following table presents a summary of loans to borrowers involved with automotive production.


		September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020					September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
(in millions)	(in millions)	Loans Outstanding (a)		Percent of Total Loans		Loans Outstanding (a)		Percent of Total Loans		(in millions)	Loans Outstanding		Percent of Total Loans		Loans Outstanding (a)		Percent of Total Loans
Production:	Production:									Production:
Domestic	Domestic	$	819			$	791			Domestic	$	815			$	789
Foreign	Foreign	318				302				Foreign	322				323
Total production	Total production	$	1,137	2.4	%	$	1,093	2.1	%	Total production	$	1,137	2.2	%	$	1,112	2.3	%

(a)Excludes PPP loans.

Loans to borrowers involved with automotive production, primarily Tier 1 and Tier 2 suppliers, totaled $1.1 billion at both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. These borrowers have faced, and could face in the future, financial difficulties due to disruptions in auto production as well as their supply chains and logistics ~~operations as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.~~operations. As such, management ~~continued~~continues to monitor this ~~portfolio and allocated reserves for this portfolio at September 30, 2021 were relatively stable.~~portfolio.

~~There were no nonaccrual~~Nonaccrual loans to borrowers involved with automotive production totaled $10 million at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022 compared to ~~$7 million~~none at December 31, ~~2020. Criticized~~2021.

The following table summarizes net charge-offs related to the Corporation's automotive production ~~loans were 12 percent of the automotive production portfolio at September 30, 2021, compared to 24 percent at December 31, 2020. Automotive production~~ loan ~~net charge-offs totaled $7 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2021, compared to $1 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2020.~~portfolio.

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	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
(in millions)	September 30, 2022		June 30, 2022		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021
Automotive production net loan charge-offs	$	2	$	—	$	2	$	7

Residential Real Estate Lending

At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, residential real estate loans represented 7 percent of total loans. The following table summarizes the Corporation's residential mortgage and home equity loan portfolios by geographic market.


		September 30, 2021								December 31, 2020									September 30, 2022								December 31, 2021
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	Residential Mortgage Loans		% of Total		Home Equity Loans		% of Total		Residential Mortgage Loans		% of Total		Home Equity Loans		% of Total		(dollar amounts in millions)	Residential Mortgage Loans		% of Total		Home Equity Loans		% of Total		Residential Mortgage Loans		% of Total		Home Equity Loans		% of Total
Geographic market:	Geographic market:																	Geographic market:
Michigan	Michigan	$	450	25	%	$	500	32	%	$	428	23	%	$	540	34	%	Michigan	$	447	25	%	$	487	28	%	$	434	24	%	$	484	32	%
California	California	903		50		666		43		927		51		655		41		California	860		49		797		47		870		49		660		43
Texas	Texas	241		13		330		21		254		14		328		21		Texas	260		15		347		20		245		14		329		21
Other Markets	Other Markets	219		12		61		4		221		12		65		4		Other Markets	186		11		77		5		222		13		60		4
Total	Total	$	1,813	100	%	$	1,557	100	%	$	1,830	100	%	$	1,588	100	%	Total	$	1,753	100	%	$	1,708	100	%	$	1,771	100	%	$	1,533	100	%

Residential real estate loans, which consist of traditional residential mortgages and home equity loans and lines of credit, totaled ~~$3.4~~$3.5 billion at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. The residential real estate portfolio is principally located within the Corporation's primary geographic markets. Substantially all residential real estate loans past due 90 days or more are placed on nonaccrual status, and substantially all junior lien home equity loans that are current or less than 90 days past due are placed on nonaccrual status if full collection of the senior position is in doubt. At no later than 180 days past due, such loans are charged off to current appraised values less costs to sell.

Residential mortgages totaled $1.8 billion at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, and were primarily larger, variable-rate mortgages originated and retained for certain private banking relationship customers. Of the $1.8 billion of residential mortgage loans outstanding, ~~$35~~$56 million were on nonaccrual status at September 30, 2022, an increase of $20 million as temporary legislative relief for COVID-19-related deferrals ended on December 31, 2021. The home equity portfolio totaled ~~$1.6~~$1.7 billion at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, of which 9597 percent was outstanding under primarily variable-rate, interest-only home equity lines of credit, 42 percent were in amortizing status and 1 percent were closed-end home equity loans. Of the ~~$1.6~~$1.7 billion of home equity

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loans outstanding, ~~$12~~$14 million were on nonaccrual status at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. A majority of the home equity portfolio was secured by junior liens at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

Energy Lending

The Corporation has a portfolio of Energy loans that are included entirely in commercial loans in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Customers in the Corporation's Energy business line ~~(approximately 120 relationships)~~ are engaged in three segments of the oil and gas business: exploration and production (E&P), midstream and energy services. E&P generally includes such activities as searching for potential oil and gas fields, drilling exploratory wells and operating active wells. Commitments to E&P borrowers are generally subject to semi-annual borrowing base re-determinations based on a variety of factors including updated prices (reflecting market and competitive conditions), energy reserve levels and the impact of hedging. The midstream sector is generally involved in the transportation, storage and marketing of crude and/or refined oil and gas products. The Corporation's legacy energy services customers provide products and services primarily to the E&P segment.

The following table summarizes information about loans in the Corporation's Energy business line.


		September 30, 2021										December 31, 2020											September 30, 2022										December 31, 2021
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	Outstandings				Nonaccrual			Criticized (a)			Outstandings				Nonaccrual			Criticized (a)			(dollar amounts in millions)	Outstandings				Nonaccrual			Criticized (a)			Outstandings				Nonaccrual			Criticized (a)
Exploration and production (E&P)	Exploration and production (E&P)	$	1,008	79	%	$	28		$	136		$	1,295	81	%	$	114		$	527		Exploration and production (E&P)	$	1,064	80	%	$	10		$	23		$	971	80	%	$	14		$	46
Midstream	Midstream	244		19		—			—			261		16		—			56			Midstream	259		19		—			—			212		18		—			—
Services	Services	25		2		—			12			44		3		—			13			Services	17		1		—			6			21		2		—			12
Total Energy business line	Total Energy business line	$	1,277	100	%	$	28		$	148		$	1,600	100	%	$	114		$	596		Total Energy business line	$	1,340	100	%	$	10		$	29		$	1,204	100	%	$	14		$	58
As a percentage of total Energy loans	As a percentage of total Energy loans					2		%	12		%					7		%	37		%	As a percentage of total Energy loans					1		%	2		%					1		%	5		%

(a) Includes nonaccrual loans.

Loans in the Energy business line totaled $1.3 billion, or less than 3 percent of total loans, at September 30, ~~2021, a decrease~~2022, an increase of ~~$323~~$136 million compared to December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Total exposure, including unused commitments to extend credit and letters of credit, was ~~$2.9~~$3.3 billion at September 30, 2022 (a utilization rate of 42 percent) and $2.9 billion at December 31, 2021 (a utilization rate of 4439 percent) ~~and $3.1 billion at December 31, 2020, respectively.~~

Net credit-related Energy recoveries were $16 million and $29 million for the three- and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2021, respectively, compared to net charge-offs of $9 million and $121 million for comparable periods in 2020.. Nonaccrual Energy loans decreased ~~$86~~$4 million to ~~$28~~$10 million at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022 compared to December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Criticized Energy loans decreased ~~$448~~$29 million to ~~$148~~$29 million, or 82 percent of total criticized loans, at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 compared to December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

The following table summarizes net charge-offs related to the Corporation's Energy business line.

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	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
(in millions)	September 30, 2022		June 30, 2022		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021
Net credit-related Energy (recoveries) charge-offs	$	(2)	$	(1)	$	3	$	(29)

Leveraged Loans

Certain loans in the Corporation's commercial portfolio are considered leveraged transactions. These loans are typically used for mergers, acquisitions, business recapitalizations, refinancing and equity buyouts. To help mitigate the risk associated with these loans, the Corporation focuses on middle market companies with highly capable management teams, strong sponsors and solid track records of financial performance. Industries prone to cyclical downturns and acquisitions with a high degree of integration risk are generally avoided. Other considerations include the sufficiency of collateral, the level of balance sheet leverage and the adequacy of financial covenants. During the underwriting process, cash flows are stress-tested to evaluate the borrowers' abilities to handle economic downturns and an increase in interest rates.

The FDIC defines higher-risk commercial and industrial (HR C&I) loans for assessment purposes as loans generally with leverage of four times total debt to earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation (EBITDA) as well as three times senior debt to EBITDA, excluding certain collateralized loans.

The following ~~table summarizes~~tables summarize information about HR C&I loans, which represented 56 percent of total loans at both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.


(in millions)	(in millions)	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020		(in millions)	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Outstandings	Outstandings	$	2,492	$	2,441	Outstandings	$	3,327	$	2,927
Criticized	Criticized	245		418		Criticized	364		299
Net loan charge-offs		2021		2020
Three Months Ended September 30,		$	6	$	7
Nine Months Ended September 30,		10		20

~~Other Sectors Most at Risk due to Economic Stress Resulting from COVID-19 Impacts~~

As the economy recovers, aided by additional stimulus packages and positive momentum in the vaccine rollout, the Corporation has continued to monitor the lingering impacts of the pandemic on its customers. In addition to the energy, automotive production and leveraged loan portfolios, the Corporation considers the following sectors of its loan portfolio to be most vulnerable to financial risks from business disruptions caused by the pandemic spread mitigation efforts. For further discussion, see Item 1.A "Risk Factors" on page 13 of the Corporation's 2020 Annual Report.

September 30, 2021
Sector based on NAICS category (dollar amounts in millions)
Loans (a) Percent of Total Loans Percent Criticized (b) Percent Nonaccrual (c)
Retail Commercial Real Estate (d) $ 797 1.7 % 5.0 % — %
Hotels 555 1.2 4.6 1.7
Retail Goods and Services 238 0.5 7.2 0.1
Arts/Recreation 208 0.4 24.3 5.1
All other impacted sectors (e) 1,046 2.2 9.7 2.6
Total $ 2,844 5.9 % 8.3 % 1.6 %

~~(a)Excludes PPP loans.~~

~~(b)Sector criticized loans as a percentage~~Table of ~~sector total loans.~~Contents

~~(c)Sector nonaccrual loans as a percentage of sector total loans.~~

~~(d)Loans in the retail commercial real estate sector are primarily included in the Corporation's commercial real estate portfolio.~~

~~(e)~~Includes airlines, restaurants and bars, childcare, coffee shops, cruise lines, education, gasoline and convenience stores, religious organizations, senior living, freight, as well as travel arrangements.


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
(in millions)	September 30, 2022		June 30, 2022		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2021
Net loan charge-offs	$	13	$	5	$	21	$	10

Market and Liquidity Risk

Market risk represents the risk of loss due to adverse movement in prices, including interest rates, foreign exchange rates, commodity prices and equity prices. Liquidity risk represents the risk that the Corporation does not have sufficient access to funds to maintain its normal operations at all times or does not have the ability to raise or borrow funds at a reasonable cost at all times.

The Asset and Liability Policy Committee (ALCO) of the Corporation establishes and monitors compliance with the policies and risk limits pertaining to market and liquidity risk management activities. ALCO meets regularly to discuss and review market and liquidity risk management strategies and consists of executive and senior management from various areas of the Corporation, including treasury, finance, economics, lending, deposit gathering and risk management. Corporate Treasury

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mitigates market and liquidity risk under the direction of ALCO through the actions it takes to manage the Corporation's market, liquidity and capital positions.

The Corporation performs monthly liquidity stress testing to evaluate its ability to meet funding needs in hypothetical stressed environments. Such environments cover a series of scenarios, including both idiosyncratic and market-wide in nature, which vary in terms of duration and severity. The evaluation as of September 30, 2022 projected that sufficient sources of liquidity were available under each series of events.

In addition to assessing liquidity risk on a consolidated basis, Corporate Treasury also monitors the parent company's liquidity and has established ~~limits~~liquidity coverage requirements for ~~the minimum number of months into the future in which the parent company can meet existing and forecasted~~meeting expected obligations without the support of additional dividends from subsidiaries. ALCO's policy on liquidity ~~policy~~risk management requires the parent company to maintain sufficient liquidity to meet expected ~~capital and debt~~cash obligations ~~with~~over a ~~target~~period of ~~24 months but~~ no less than 1812 months. The Corporation had liquid assets of $1.7 billion on an unconsolidated basis at September 30, 2022.

Corporate Treasury and the Enterprise Risk Division support ALCO in measuring, monitoring and managing interest rate risk as well as all other market risks. Key activities encompass: (i) providing information and analyses of the Corporation's balance sheet structure and measurement of interest rate and all other market risks; (ii) monitoring and reporting of the Corporation's positions relative to established policy limits and guidelines; (iii) developing and presenting analyses and strategies to adjust risk positions; (iv) reviewing and presenting policies and authorizations for approval; and (v) monitoring of industry trends and analytical tools to be used in the management of interest rate and all other market and liquidity risks.

Interest Rate Risk

Net interest income is the primary source of revenue for the Corporation. Interest rate risk arises in the normal course of business due to differences in the repricing and cash flow characteristics of assets and liabilities, primarily through the Corporation's core business activities of extending loans and acquiring deposits. The Corporation's balance sheet is predominantly characterized by floating-rate loans funded by core deposits. Including the impact of interest rate swaps converting floating-rate loans to fixed, the Corporation's loan composition at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 was 5947 percent 30-day or less rate (primarily LIBOR 6and BSBY), 39 percent ~~other LIBOR (primarily 60-and 90-day), 12~~fixed-rate, 9 percent prime and 235 percent ~~fixed rate. Additionally, 31 percent~~comprised of ~~loans had non-zero interest rate floors protecting against future rate declines.~~90-day and greater rates. The composition of the loan portfolio creates sensitivity to interest rate movements due to the imbalance between the faster repricing of the floating-rate loan portfolio versus deposit products. In addition, the growth and/or contraction in the Corporation's loans and deposits may lead to changes in sensitivity to interest rate movements in the absence of mitigating actions. Examples of such actions are purchasing fixed-rate investment securities, which provide liquidity to the balance sheet and act to mitigate the inherent interest rate sensitivity, as well as hedging with interest rate swaps and options. Other mitigating factors include interest rate floors on a portion of the loan portfolio.

The Corporation actively manages its exposure to interest rate risk with the principal objective of optimizing net interest income and the economic value of equity while operating within acceptable limits established for interest rate risk and maintaining adequate levels of funding and liquidity. The Corporation is currently targeting low single digit net interest income at risk to a 100 basis point gradual decline in interest rates.

Since no single measurement system satisfies all management objectives, a combination of techniques is used to manage interest rate risk. These techniques examine the impact of interest rate risk on net interest income and the economic value of equity under a variety of alternative scenarios, including changes in the level, slope and shape of the yield curve utilizing multiple simulation analyses. Simulation analyses produce only estimates of net interest income as the assumptions used are inherently uncertain. Actual results may differ from simulated results due to many factors, including, but not limited

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to, the timing, magnitude and frequency of changes in interest rates, market conditions, regulatory impacts and management strategies.

Sensitivity of Net Interest Income to Changes in Interest Rates

The analysis of the impact of changes in interest rates on net interest income under various interest rate scenarios is management's principal risk management technique. Management models a base-case net interest income under an unchanged interest rate ~~environment. Existing derivative instruments entered into for risk management purposes as of the~~environment using a static balance sheet dates are included in the analysis, but no additional hedging is forecasted. At September 30, 2021, these derivative instruments comprise interest rate swaps that convert $2.7 billion of fixed-rate medium- and long-term debt to variable rates through fair value hedges and convert $5.3 billion of variable-rate loans to fixed rates through cash flow hedges. Additionally, included in this analysis are $15.1 billion of loans that were subject to an average interest rate floor of 0.7 percent at September 30, 2021. This base-case net interest income is then compared against interest rategenerates sensitivity scenarios in which short-term rates rise or decline 100 basis points (with a floor of zero percent) in a linear, non-parallel fashion from the base case over 12 months, resulting in an average change of 50 basis points over the period while long-term rates increase or decrease to a lesser degree.

by changing certain model assumptions. Each scenario includes assumptions such as loan growth, investment security prepayment levels, depositor behavior ~~yield curve changes, loan and deposit pricing,~~ and overall balance sheet mix and growth which are in line with historical patterns. However, in this low rate environment, depositors have maintained a higher level of liquidity and their historical behavior may be less indicative of future trends. As a result, the rising rate scenario reflects a greater decrease in deposits than we have experienced historically as rates rise. Changes in actual economic activity may result in a materially different interest rate environment as well as a balance sheet structure that is different from the changes management included in its simulation analysis. Model assumptions in the sensitivity scenarios at September 30, 2022 included for the rising rate scenario, a modest increase in loan balances and a moderate decrease in deposit balances, and for the declining rate scenario, a modest decrease in loan balances and a moderate increase in deposit balances. In addition, both scenarios assumed loan spreads held at current levels, an incremental interest-bearing deposit beta of approximately 25%, no reinvestment of securities portfolio cash flows and no additions to interest rate swaps.

The average balance of the securities portfolio included in the analysis was $20.5 billion for the three months ended September 30, 2022 with an average yield of 2.08% and effective duration of 5.3 years.

The table below details components of the cash flow hedge portfolio at September 30, 2022.


	Cash Flow Hedges
(dollar amounts in millions)	Notional Amount		Weighted Average Yield		Years to Maturity (a)
Swaps under contract at September 30, 2022 (b)	$	26,100	2.42	%	4.7
Weighted average notional active per period:
First quarter 2022	5,478		1.81		1.5
Second quarter 2022	8,298		1.91		3.1
Third quarter 2022	12,941		2.12		4.4
Fourth quarter 2022	21,466		2.36		4.6
Full year 2023	22,308		2.37		4.7
Full year 2024	23,074		2.48		5.1

(a)Years to maturity calculated from a starting date of September 30, 2022.

~~Table~~(b)Includes forward starting swaps of ~~Contents~~$7.2 billion starting in fourth quarter 2022 and $3.6 billion starting in 2023 and beyond. Excluding forward starting swaps, the weighted average yield was 2.20%.

The analysis also includes interest rate swaps that convert $3.2 billion of fixed-rate medium- and long-term debt to variable rates through fair value hedges. Additionally, included in this analysis are $13.7 billion of loans that were subject to an average interest rate floor of 58 basis points at September 30, 2022. This base-case net interest income is then compared against interest rate scenarios in which short-term rates rise or decline 100 basis points (with a floor of zero percent) in a linear, parallel fashion from the base case over 12 months, resulting in an average change of 50 basis points over the period.

The table below, as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, displays the estimated impact on net interest income during the next 12 months by relating the base case scenario results to those from the rising and declining rate scenarios described above.


		Estimated Annual Change										Estimated Annual Change
		September 30, 2021					December 31, 2020					September 30, 2022					December 31, 2021
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	Amount		%			Amount		%		(dollar amounts in millions)	Amount		%			Amount		%
Change in Interest Rates:	Change in Interest Rates:					Change in Interest Rates:					Change in Interest Rates:					Change in Interest Rates:
Rising 100 basis points	Rising 100 basis points	$	188	11	%	Rising 100 basis points	$	161	9	%	Rising 100 basis points	$	37	1	%	Rising 100 basis points	$	205	12	%
Declining to zero percent		(41)		(2)		Declining to zero percent	(34)		(2)
(50 basis points on average)											(50 basis points on average)
Declining 100 basis points											Declining 100 basis points	(93)		(3)		Declining to zero percent	(46)		(3)
(50 basis points on average)											(50 basis points on average)

Sensitivity to declining interest rates ~~remained steady~~increased from December 31, ~~2020~~2021 to September 30, ~~2021~~2022 primarily due to ~~offsetting changes~~increases in the federal funds rate to 325 basis points, allowing for a full 100 basis point repricing of the balance ~~sheet composition, as well as limited remaining downward movement in rates before hitting zero percent floors.~~sheet. This was partially offset by additional cash flow hedges and investment securities added during 2022 and non-maturity deposit runoff. Sensitivity to rising interest rates ~~slightly increased~~decreased due to ~~forgiveness of fixed-rate PPP loans~~increased cash flow hedges and ~~higher~~non-maturity deposit ~~volumes,~~runoff but was partially offset by the ~~growth~~increased repricing potential of floating-rate loans ~~with floors~~ as ~~well as a larger securities portfolio.~~they moved above their contractual floor rates.

Sensitivity of Economic Value of Equity to Changes in Interest Rates

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In addition to the simulation analysis on net interest income, an economic value of equity analysis provides an alternative view of the interest rate risk position. The economic value of equity is the difference between the estimate of the economic value of the Corporation's financial assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet instruments, derived through discounting cash flows based on actual rates at the end of the period, and the estimated economic value after applying the estimated impact of rate movements. The Corporation primarily monitors the percentage change on the base-case economic value of equity. The economic value of equity analysis is based on an immediate parallel 100 basis point shock with a floor of zero percent.

The table below, as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, displays the estimated impact on the economic value of equity from the interest rate scenario described above.


		September 30, 2021					December 31, 2020					September 30, 2022					December 31, 2021
(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	Amount		%			Amount		%		(dollar amounts in millions)	Amount		%			Amount		%
Change in Interest Rates:	Change in Interest Rates:					Change in Interest Rates:					Change in Interest Rates:					Change in Interest Rates:
Rising 100 basis points	Rising 100 basis points	$	1,475	10	%	Rising 100 basis points	$	1,793	18	%	Rising 100 basis points	$	(446)	(3	%)	Rising 100 basis points	$	1,353	9	%
Declining to zero percent		(417)		(3)		Declining to zero percent	(551)		(6)
Declining 100 basis points											Declining 100 basis points	492		3		Declining to zero percent	(446)		(3)

The sensitivity of the economic value of equity to rising rates ~~decreased~~changed from an increase as of December 31, ~~2020~~2021 to a reduction as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 due ~~primarily~~ to ~~duration extension~~additional receive-fixed cash flow swaps, growth of fixed-rate securities and ~~balance growth in the securities portfolio.~~deposit runoff. Sensitivity to declining rates ~~decreased~~now increases economic value of equity due to the ~~changes in the securities portfolio and is limited by the assumption of a zero percent rate floor.~~same factors.

LIBOR Transition

On July 27, 2017, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), which regulates LIBOR, publicly announced that it intends to stop persuading or compelling banks to submit LIBOR rates after 2021. Effective March 2021, the FCA confirmed that certain LIBOR tenors will no longer be supported after December 31, 2021 and that the remaining tenors, including those most commonly used by the Corporation, will cease to be supported after June 30, 2023. The Corporation has substantial exposure to LIBOR-based products, including loans ~~securities,~~and derivatives, ~~and hedges,~~ and is preparing for a transition from LIBOR toward alternative rates.

As of July 1, 2021, the Corporation was operationally ready to issue new Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR)-based cash and derivative products. Additionally, as of September 30, 2021, the Corporation was operationally ready to issue new Bloomberg Short-Term Bank Yield Index (BSBY)-based cash and derivative products. The Corporation ~~is prepared for the cessation of the LIBOR tenors as announced by the FCA and will cease~~ceased originating LIBOR-based products in the fourth quarter of 2021 and has reduced LIBOR exposure by approximately 39 percent since December 31, 2021. ~~Communications~~As of September 30, 2022, the Corporation estimates that approximately 23 percent of its LIBOR-based commercial loans have maturity dates prior to the cessation of LIBOR. Of the remaining loans with maturity dates beyond the cessation date, the Corporation estimates that 43 percent incorporate fallback language and ~~learning activities~~is confident that it will achieve timely remediation of all other loans. Cessation planning for consumer loans is in process, as the Corporation has completed a review of the fallback terms for residential adjustable-rate mortgages and identified alternate benchmarks for other smaller portfolio segments.

In addition to ~~support customers~~remediation activity on LIBOR-based loans, the Corporation has enacted the International Swaps and ~~colleagues are ongoing.~~Derivatives Association (ISDA) protocols related to derivatives. Once events occur that trigger a fallback, the reference rate for the variable leg of the swap will fall back from LIBOR to the ISDA Fallback Rate, which is the daily SOFR plus a spread.

The Corporation's enterprise transition timelines are closely aligned with recommendations from the Alternative Reference Rates Committee for both best practices and recommended objectives. The Corporation will continue to align with industry and regulatory guidelines regarding the cessation of LIBOR as well as monitor market developments for transitioning to alternative reference rates. For a discussion of the various risks facing the Corporation in relation to the transition away from LIBOR, see the market risk discussion within “Item 1A. Risk Factors” beginning on page 13 of the Corporation's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

~~Wholesale Funding~~Sources of Liquidity

The Corporation maintains a liquidity position that it believes will adequately satisfy its financial obligations while taking into account potential commitment draws and deposit run-off that may ~~access~~occur in the normal course of business. The majority of the Corporation's balance sheet is funded by customer deposits. Cash flows from loan repayments, increases in deposit accounts, activity in the securities portfolio and the purchased funds market serve as the Corporation's primary liquidity sources.

The Corporation satisfies incremental liquidity needs with either liquid assets or external funding sources. The Corporation had access to liquid assets of $20.6 billion and $35.3 billion at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, which included cash on deposit with the Federal Reserve and the portion of the investment securities portfolio that the Corporation can sell without third-party consent.

In addition, the Corporation may access external funding sources when necessary, which ~~includes a variety of funding sources. Capacity for incremental purchased funds at September 30, 2021 included short-term~~include FHLB advances, federal funds, reverse repurchase agreements, brokered deposits and Corporation-issued bonds. The Corporation maintains a shelf registration statement with the ~~ability to purchase~~Securities and Exchange Commission from which it may issue debt and equity securities.

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~~federal funds, sell securities under agreements to repurchase as well as issue deposits through brokers.~~ Purchased funds ~~decreased~~increased $479 million to ~~$43~~$529 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022, compared to ~~$66~~$50 million at December 31, ~~2020.~~

2021, reflecting an increase in short-term FHLB advances. At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, the Bank had pledged loans totaling ~~$20.4~~$24.4 billion which provided for up to ~~$16.4~~$19.5 billion of available collateralized borrowing with the Federal Reserve Bank (FRB).

The Bank is also a member of the FHLB of Dallas, Texas, which provides short- and long-term funding to its members through advances collateralized by real estate-related loans, certain government agency-backed securities and other eligible assets. Actual borrowing capacity is contingent on the amount of collateral ~~available to be~~ pledged to the FHLB. At September 30, ~~2021, $18.6~~2022, $17.9 billion of real estate-related loans ~~and $2.4 billion of investment securities~~ were pledged to the FHLB as collateral for ~~potential future borrowings. The Corporation had capacity~~$500 million in short-term advances and providing an additional $9.6 billion for potential future ~~borrowings of approximately $11.7 billion.~~

In April 2021, the Bank terminated a $15.0 billion note program, under which the Bank had the ability to issue up to $13.5 billion of debt at the time of termination. Outstanding notes issued under the program were unaffected by the termination.

~~The Corporation maintains a shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission from which it may issue debt and/or equity securities.~~borrowings.

The ability of the Corporation and the Bank to raise funds at competitive rates ~~may be~~is impacted by rating agencies' views of the credit quality, liquidity, capital, earnings and ~~earnings of~~other relevant factors related to the Corporation and the Bank. As of September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, the three major rating agencies had assigned the following ratings ~~below~~ to long-term senior unsecured obligations of the Corporation and the Bank. A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold securities and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating agency. Each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating.

Comerica Incorporated

Comerica Bank

September 30, ~~2021~~2022

Rating

Outlook

Rating

Outlook

Moody’s Investors Service

Stable

Fitch Ratings

A-

Stable

A-

Stable

Standard and Poor’s

BBB+

Stable

A-

Stable

The Corporation satisfies liquidity needs with either liquid assets or various funding sources. Liquid assets totaled $36.8 billion and $25.9 billion at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Liquid assets include cash and due from banks, federal funds sold, interest-bearing deposits with banks, other short-term investments and unencumbered investment securities.

The Corporation performs monthly liquidity stress testing to evaluate its ability to meet funding needs in hypothetical stressed environments. Such environments cover a series of broad events, distinguished in terms of duration and severity. The evaluation as of September 30, 2021 projected sufficient sources of liquidity were available under each series of events.

Total liquidity sources, comprised of liquid assets and remaining borrowing capacity with the FRB and the FHLB, totaled $64.9 billion at September 30, 2021. On a stand-alone basis, the Corporation had liquid assets of $716 million on an unconsolidated basis at September 30, 2021.

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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ~~POLICIES~~ESTIMATES

The Corporation’s consolidated financial statements are prepared based on the application of accounting policies, the most significant of which are described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements included in the Corporation's ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report. These policies require numerous estimates and strategic or economic assumptions, which may prove inaccurate or subject to variations. Changes in underlying factors, assumptions or estimates could have a material impact on the Corporation’s future financial condition and results of operations. At December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the most critical of these ~~significant accounting policies were the policies~~estimates related to the allowance for credit losses, fair value measurement, goodwill, pension plan accounting and income taxes. These ~~policies~~estimates were reviewed with the Audit Committee of the Corporation’s Board of Directors and are discussed more fully on pages ~~F-39~~F-34 through ~~F-43~~F-37 in the Corporation's ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report. As of the date of this report, there have been no significant changes to the Corporation's critical accounting ~~policies or~~ estimates except for ~~the MRVA methodology change described in Results of Operations and Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements and~~ the updates to the goodwill critical accounting policy outlined below.

The Corporation performed the annual goodwill impairment test in third quarter ~~2021,~~2022, resulting in the following updates to the critical accounting policy on page ~~F-41~~F-36 of the Corporation's ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report.

Goodwill

Goodwill is initially recorded as the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination and is subsequently evaluated at least annually for impairment. Goodwill impairment testing is performed at the reporting unit level, equivalent to a business segment or one level below. The Corporation has three reporting units: the Commercial Bank, the Retail Bank and Wealth Management. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, goodwill totaled $635 million, including $473 million allocated to the Commercial Bank, $101 million allocated to the Retail Bank and $61 million allocated to Wealth Management.

The annual test of goodwill impairment was performed as of the beginning of the third quarter ~~2021.~~2022. The Corporation first assessed qualitative factors to determine whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of any reporting unit was less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. Qualitative factors included economic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance, regulatory developments and performance of the Corporation’s stock, among other events and circumstances. At the conclusion of the qualitative assessment in third quarter ~~2021,~~2022, the Corporation determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its carrying value.

~~Qualitative~~Analyzing goodwill includes consideration of various factors ~~considered in~~that continue to rapidly evolve and for which significant

uncertainty remains, including the ~~analysis~~impacts of ~~each reporting unit incorporate current macroeconomic~~inflationary pressures, monetary policy actions, a slowing housing market and ~~market conditions, such as trends in key economic data and industry~~foreign developments ~~effects of the global pandemic and ongoing recovery to the business, recent reporting unit financial performance and the impact of regulatory and legislative actions.~~. Further weakening in the economic environment, such as a decline in the performance of the reporting units, ~~or other factors,~~ could cause the fair value of one or more of the reporting units to fall below their carrying value, resulting in a goodwill impairment charge. ~~Additionally, new~~New legislative or regulatory changes not anticipated in management's expectations ~~may cause the fair value of one or more of the reporting units to fall below the carrying value, resulting in a goodwill impairment charge.~~could have similar impacts. Any impairment charge would not affect the Corporation's regulatory capital ratios, tangible equity ratio or liquidity position.

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SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL DATA

The Corporation believes non-GAAP measures are meaningful because they reflect adjustments commonly made by management, investors, regulators and analysts to evaluate the adequacy of common equity and our performance trends. Tangible common equity is used by the Corporation to measure the quality of capital and the return relative to balance sheet risk.

Common equity tier 1 capital ratio removes preferred stock from the Tier 1 capital ratio as defined by and calculated in conformity with bank regulations. The tangible common equity ratio removes the effect of intangible assets from capital and total assets. Tangible common equity per share of common stock removes the effect of intangible assets from common shareholders' equity per share of common stock. The Corporation believes that the presentation of tangible common equity adjusted for the impact of accumulated other comprehensive loss provides a greater understanding of ongoing operations and enhances comparability with prior periods.

The following table provides a reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures and regulatory ratios used in this financial review with financial measures defined by GAAP.


(dollar amounts in millions)	(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2021			December 31, 2020			(dollar amounts in millions)	September 30, 2022			December 31, 2021
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (a):	Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (a):							Common Equity Tier 1 Capital (a):
Tier 1 capital	Tier 1 capital	$	7,359		$	7,313		Tier 1 capital	$	8,010		$	7,458
Less:	Less:							Less:
Fixed-rate reset non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock	Fixed-rate reset non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock	394			394			Fixed-rate reset non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock	394			394
Common equity tier 1 capital	Common equity tier 1 capital	$	6,965		$	6,919		Common equity tier 1 capital	$	7,616		$	7,064
Risk-weighted assets	Risk-weighted assets	$	68,193		$	66,931		Risk-weighted assets	$	76,736		$	69,708
Tier 1 capital ratio	Tier 1 capital ratio	10.79		%	10.93		%	Tier 1 capital ratio	10.44		%	10.70		%
Common equity tier 1 capital ratio	Common equity tier 1 capital ratio	10.21			10.34			Common equity tier 1 capital ratio	9.92			10.13
Tangible Common Equity Ratio:	Tangible Common Equity Ratio:							Tangible Common Equity Ratio:
Total shareholders' equity	Total shareholders' equity	$	7,803		$	8,050		Total shareholders' equity	$	5,069		$	7,897
Less:	Less:							Less:
Fixed-rate reset non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock	Fixed-rate reset non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock	394			394			Fixed-rate reset non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock	394			394
Common shareholders' equity	Common shareholders' equity	$	7,409		$	7,656		Common shareholders' equity	$	4,675		$	7,503
Less:	Less:							Less:
Goodwill	Goodwill	635			635			Goodwill	635			635
Other intangible assets ~~(b)~~	Other intangible assets ~~(b)~~	12			1			Other intangible assets ~~(b)~~	10			11
Tangible common equity	Tangible common equity	$	6,762		$	7,020		Tangible common equity	$	4,030		$	6,857
Total assets	Total assets	$	94,529		$	88,129		Total assets	$	84,143		$	94,616
Less:	Less:							Less:
Goodwill	Goodwill	635			635			Goodwill	635			635
Other intangible assets ~~(b)~~	Other intangible assets ~~(b)~~	12			1			Other intangible assets ~~(b)~~	10			11
Tangible assets	Tangible assets	$	93,882		$	87,493		Tangible assets	$	83,498		$	93,970
Common equity ratio	Common equity ratio	7.84		%	8.69		%	Common equity ratio	5.55		%	7.93		%
Tangible common equity ratio	Tangible common equity ratio	7.20			8.02			Tangible common equity ratio	4.82			7.30
Tangible Common Equity per Share of Common Stock:	Tangible Common Equity per Share of Common Stock:							Tangible Common Equity per Share of Common Stock:
Common shareholders' equity	Common shareholders' equity	$	7,409		$	7,656		Common shareholders' equity	$	4,675		$	7,503
Tangible common equity	Tangible common equity	6,762			7,020			Tangible common equity	4,030			6,857
Shares of common stock outstanding (in millions)	Shares of common stock outstanding (in millions)	131			139			Shares of common stock outstanding (in millions)	131			131
Common shareholders' equity per share of common stock	Common shareholders' equity per share of common stock	$	56.55		$	55.01		Common shareholders' equity per share of common stock	$	35.70		$	57.41
Tangible common equity per share of common stock	Tangible common equity per share of common stock	51.61			50.43			Tangible common equity per share of common stock	30.77			52.46

Impact of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Tangible Common Equity:								Impact of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss to Tangible Common Equity:
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (AOCI)								Accumulated other comprehensive loss (AOCI)	$	(3,587)		$	(212)
Tangible common equity, excluding AOCI								Tangible common equity, excluding AOCI	7,617			7,069
Tangible common equity ratio, excluding AOCI								Tangible common equity ratio, excluding AOCI	9.12		%	7.52		%
Tangible common equity per share of common stock, excluding AOCI								Tangible common equity per share of common stock, excluding AOCI	$	58.17		$	54.08

(a)September 30, ~~2021~~2022 ratios are estimated. ~~Ratios reflect deferral of CECL model impact as calculated per regulatory guidance. The deferred amounts were zero at September 30, 2021 (estimated) and $72 million at December 31, 2020.~~

~~(b)In first quarter 2021, the Corporation acquired an intangible asset of $13 million to be amortized over a period of 10 years.~~

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ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Quantitative and qualitative disclosures for the current period can be found in the "Market and Liquidity Risk" section of "Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."

ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures

(a)Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. The Corporation maintains a set of disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Corporation in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Corporation's management, including the Corporation's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management has evaluated, with the participation of the Corporation's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the Corporation's disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report (the "Evaluation Date"). Based on the evaluation, the Corporation's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, the Corporation's disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

(b)Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. During the period to which this report relates, there have not been any changes in the Corporation's internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, such controls.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings

For information regarding the Corporation's legal proceedings, see "Part I. Item 1. Note 12 – Contingent Liabilities," which is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

There has been no material change in the Corporation’s risk factors as previously disclosed in our Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2020~~2021 in response to Part I, Item 1A. of such Form 10-K. Such risk factors are incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

For information regarding the Corporation's purchase of equity securities, see "Part I. Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Capital," which is incorporated herein by reference.

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ITEM 6. Exhibits


Exhibit No.						Description

3.1						Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Comerica Incorporated (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 4, 2010, and incorporated herein by reference).

3.2						Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Comerica Incorporated (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, and incorporated herein by reference).

3.3						Amended and Restated Bylaws of Comerica Incorporated (filed as Exhibit 3.3 to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 3, 2020, and incorporated herein by reference).

3.4						Certificate of Designations of 5.625% Fixed-Rate Reset Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A, dated May 26, 2020, of Comerica Incorporated (including the form of 5.625% Fixed-Rate Reset Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series A Certificate of Comerica Incorporated attached as Exhibit A thereto) (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 26, 2020, and incorporated herein by reference).
4						[In accordance with Regulation S-K Item No. 601(b)(4)(iii), the Registrant is not filing copies of instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt because none of those instruments authorizes debt in excess of 10% of the total assets of the registrant and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. The Registrant hereby agrees to furnish a copy of any such instrument to the SEC upon request.]

~~10.1L†~~						~~Form of Standard Comerica Incorporated Restricted Stock Unit Agreement (Director Version) under the Comerica Incorporated 2018 Long-Term Incentive~~ ~~Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.1L to Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2021, and incorporated herein by reference).~~

31.1						Chairman, President and CEO Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002).

31.2						Executive Vice President and CFO Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002).

32						Section 1350 Certification of Periodic Report (pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002).

101						Financial statements from Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Registrant for the quarter ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited), (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited), (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (unaudited), (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) and (v) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).

104						The cover page from the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, formatted in Inline XBRL (included in Exhibit 101).

†						Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


			COMERICA INCORPORATED
			(Registrant)

			/s/ Mauricio A. Ortiz
			Mauricio A. Ortiz
			Executive Vice President and
			Chief Accounting Officer and
			Duly Authorized Officer

Date: October ~~29, 2021~~28, 2022

6663


	September 30, 2021
Sector based on NAICS category (dollar amounts in millions)	Loans (a)		Percent of Total Loans		Percent Criticized (b)		Percent Nonaccrual (c)


Retail Commercial Real Estate (d)	$	797	1.7	%	5.0	%	—	%
Hotels	555		1.2		4.6		1.7
Retail Goods and Services	238		0.5		7.2		0.1
Arts/Recreation	208		0.4		24.3		5.1

All other impacted sectors (e)	1,046		2.2		9.7		2.6
Total	$	2,844	5.9	%	8.3	%	1.6	%