UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

__________________________________________

FORM 10-Q

__________________________________________



x☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020



¨☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number: 1-2328

GATX Corporation

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



New York	36-1124040
(State of incorporation)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
~~233 South Wacker Drive~~
~~Chicago, Illinois 60606-7147~~
~~(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)~~
~~(312) 621-6200~~

233 South Wacker Drive

Chicago,Illinois60606-7147

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(312) 621-6200

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock	GATX	New York Stock Exchange
		Chicago Stock Exchange
5.625% Senior Notes due 2066	GMTA	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the ~~registrant:~~registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x☒ No ¨☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x☒ No ¨☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



x☒	Large accelerated filer	¨☐	Smaller reporting company
¨☐	Non-accelerated filer	¨☐	Emerging growth company
¨☐	Accelerated filer

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨☐ No x☒

There were ~~36.2~~34.9 million common shares outstanding at March 31, ~~2019.~~ 2020.

GATX CORPORATION

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT FOR THE PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, ~~2019~~2020

INDEX



Item No.		Page No.
	Forward-Looking Statements	1

Part I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1	Financial Statements
	Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)	2
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)	3
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)	4
	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited)	5

	Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
	Note 1. Description of Business	6
	Note 2. ~~Basis of Presentation~~Coronavirus Impacts	6
	Note 3. Basis of Presentation	6
	Note 4. Revenue	7
	Note 5. Leases	8
	Note ~~4. Leases~~6. Investments in Affiliated Companies	8
	Note 7. Fair Value Disclosure	9
	Note ~~5. Fair Value Disclosure~~8. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits	1113
	Note ~~6. Pension~~9. Share-Based Compensation	13
	Note 10. Income Taxes	13
	Note 11. Commercial Commitments	13
	Note 12. Earnings per Share	14
	Note 13. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	14
	Note 14. Legal Proceedings and Other ~~Post-Retirement Benefits~~Contingencies	15
	Note ~~7. Share-Based Compensation~~15. Financial Data of Business Segments	15
	Note ~~8. Income Taxes~~16. Subsequent Events	15
	~~Note 9. Commercial Commitments~~	15
	~~Note 10. Earnings per Share~~	16
	~~Note 11. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)~~	17
	~~Note 12. Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies~~	17
	~~Note 13. Financial Data of Business Segments~~	1718

Item 2	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
	Overview	2118
	Discussion of Operating Results	2119
	Segment Operations	2220
	Cash Flow and Liquidity	3332
	Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates	35
	Non-GAAP Financial Measures	35
Item 3	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	36
Item 34	~~Quantitative~~Controls and ~~Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk~~Procedures	38
~~Item 4~~	~~Controls and Procedures~~	3836

Part II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1	Legal Proceedings	3937
Item 1A	Risk Factors	3937
Item 2	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	3937
Item 6	Exhibits	3938
SIGNATURE		4039

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Statements in this report not based on historical facts are "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and, accordingly, involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict and could cause our actual results, performance, or achievements to differ materially from those discussed. These include statements as to our future expectations, beliefs, plans, strategies, objectives, events, conditions, financial performance, prospects, or future events. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as "may," "could," "expect," "intend," "plan," "seek," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "predict," "potential," "outlook," "continue," "likely," "will," "would", and similar words and phrases. Forward-looking statements are necessarily based on estimates and assumptions that, while considered reasonable by us and our management, are inherently uncertain. Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made, and are not guarantees of future performance. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise these forward-looking statements.

A detailed discussion of the known material risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results and events to differ materially from such forward-looking statements is included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). The following factors, in addition to those discussed under "Risk Factors", in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, and Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, could cause actual results to differ materially from our current expectations expressed in forward looking statements:



• the severity and duration of the global COVID-19 pandemic, including impacts of the pandemic and of businesses’ and governments’ responses to the pandemic on our personnel, operations, commercial activity, supply chain, the demand for our assets, the value of our assets and our liquidity • exposure to damages, fines, criminal and civil penalties, and reputational harm arising from a negative outcome in litigation, including claims arising from an accident involving our railcars and other transportation assets • inability to maintain our transportation assets on lease at satisfactory rates due to oversupply of ~~railcars~~assets in the market or other changes in supply and demand • a significant decline in customer demand for our ~~railcars or other~~ assets or services, including as a result of: ◦ weak macroeconomic conditions ◦ weak market conditions in our customers' businesses ◦ declines in harvest or production volumes ◦ adverse changes in the price of, or demand for, commodities ◦ changes in railroad operations or efficiency ◦ changes in railroad pricing and service offerings, including those related to "precision scheduled railroading" ◦ changes in supply chains ◦ availability of pipelines, trucks, and other alternative modes of transportation ◦ changes in conditions affecting the aviation industry, including geographic exposure and customer concentrations ◦ other operational or commercial needs or decisions of our customers ◦ customers' desire to buy, rather than lease, our transportation assets • higher costs associated with increased ~~railcar~~ assignments of our transportation assets following non-renewal of leases, customer defaults, and compliance maintenance programs or other maintenance initiatives	• events having an adverse impact on assets, customers, or regions where we have a concentrated investment exposure • financial and operational risks associated with long-term railcar purchase commitments, including increased costs due to tariffs or trade disputes • reduced opportunities to generate asset remarketing income	• inability to successfully consummate and manage ongoing acquisition and divestiture activities • operational and financial risks related to our affiliate investments, including the Rolls-Royce & Partners Finance joint ventures, ~~(collectively~~and the ~~"RRPF affiliates")~~durability and reliability of aircraft engines • fluctuations in foreign exchange rates • failure to successfully negotiate collective bargaining agreements with the unions representing a substantial portion of our employees • asset impairment charges we may be required to recognize • deterioration of conditions in the capital markets, reductions in our credit ratings, or increases in our financing costs • uncertainty relating to the LIBOR calculation process and potential phasing out of LIBOR after 2021 • competitive factors in our primary markets, including competitors with a significantly lower cost of capital than GATX • risks related to our international operations and expansion into new geographic markets, including the inability to access railcar supply and the imposition of new or additional tariffs, quotas, or trade barriers • changes in, or failure to comply with, laws, rules, and regulations • inability to obtain cost-effective insurance • environmental remediation costs • potential obsolescence of our assets • inadequate allowances to cover credit losses in our portfolio • operational, functional and regulatory risks associated with severe weather events, climate change and natural disasters • inability to maintain and secure our information technology infrastructure from cybersecurity threats and related disruption of our business

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)

(In millions, except share data)


	March 31			December 31			March 31			December 31
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Assets
Cash and Cash Equivalents	$	248.4		$	100.2		$	570.7		$	151.0
Restricted Cash	6.2			6.5
Receivables
Rent and other receivables	79.9			87.0			76.9			87.1
Finance leases (as lessor)	118.9			126.4			66.8			90.3
Less: allowance for losses	(6.1		)	(6.4		)	(6.2		)	(6.2		)
	192.7			207.0			137.5			171.2

Operating Assets and Facilities	9,587.9			9,545.9			9,972.5			9,897.4
Less: allowance for depreciation	(3,062.0		)	(3,013.2		)	(3,222.1		)	(3,190.2		)
	6,525.9			6,532.7			6,750.4			6,707.2
Lease Assets (as lessee)
Right-of-use assets, net of accumulated depreciation	449.5			—			402.8			413.9
Finance leases, net of accumulated depreciation	16.7			16.8			—			8.9
	466.2			16.8			402.8			422.8

Investments in Affiliated Companies	480.0			464.5			532.4			512.6
Goodwill	81.6			82.9			80.6			81.5
Other Assets	239.2			206.1			243.5			238.8
Total Assets	$	8,240.2		$	7,616.7		$	8,717.9		$	8,285.1

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses	$	155.8		$	177.5		$	120.6		$	149.1
Debt
Commercial paper and borrowings under bank credit facilities	15.9			110.8			275.5			15.8
Recourse	4,768.1			4,429.7			5,043.7			4,780.4
	4,784.0			4,540.5			5,319.2			4,796.2
Lease Obligations (as lessee)
Operating leases	456.3			—			399.3			432.3
Finance leases	11.0			11.3			—			7.9
	467.3			11.3			399.3			440.2

Deferred Income Taxes	891.7			877.8			930.2			924.3
Other Liabilities	132.2			221.5			117.6			140.2
Total Liabilities	6,431.0			5,828.6			6,886.9			6,450.0
Shareholders’ Equity
Common stock, $0.625 par value: Authorized shares — 120,000,000 Issued shares — 67,424,714 and 67,329,081 Outstanding shares — 36,203,495 and 36,612,227	41.7			41.6
Common stock, $0.625 par value: Authorized shares — 120,000,000 Issued shares — 67,637,453 and 67,536,794 Outstanding shares — 34,933,696 and 34,833,037							41.8			41.8
Additional paid in capital	709.5			706.4			725.4			720.1
Retained earnings	2,482.6			2,419.2			2,630.0			2,601.3
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(170.1		)	(164.6		)	(201.7		)	(163.6		)
Treasury stock at cost (31,221,219 and 30,716,854 shares)	(1,254.5		)	(1,214.5		)
Treasury stock at cost (32,703,757 and 32,703,757 shares)							(1,364.5		)	(1,364.5		)
Total Shareholders’ Equity	1,809.2			1,788.1			1,831.0			1,835.1
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity	$	8,240.2		$	7,616.7		$	8,717.9		$	8,285.1

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)

(In millions, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended March 31						Three Months Ended March 31
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	274.4		$	273.2		$	271.7		$	274.4
Marine operating revenue	13.1			14.2			11.8			13.1
Other revenue	29.5			17.9			25.4			29.5
Total Revenues	317.0			305.3			308.9			317.0
Expenses
Maintenance expense	81.2			81.2			86.6			81.2
Marine operating expense	12.1			12.5			10.4			12.1
Depreciation expense	79.9			77.4			80.4			79.9
Operating lease expense	13.7			13.0			13.3			13.7
Other operating expense	8.0			8.6			8.5			8.0
Selling, general and administrative expense	46.1			44.9			42.4			46.1
Total Expenses	241.0			237.6			241.6			241.0
Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	8.9			56.1			27.4			8.9
Interest expense, net	(46.5		)	(39.9		)	(46.8		)	(46.5		)
Other expense	(3.2		)	(1.3		)	(8.2		)	(3.2		)
Income before Income Taxes and Share of Affiliates’ Earnings	35.2			82.6			39.7			35.2
Income taxes	(8.4		)	(20.6		)	(12.9		)	(8.4		)
Share of affiliates’ earnings, net of taxes	14.7			14.3			19.5			14.7
Net Income	$	41.5		$	76.3		$	46.3		$	41.5
Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Taxes
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(10.5		)	14.9			(39.6		)	(10.5		)
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments	2.0			(1.5		)
Unrealized (loss) gain on derivative instruments							(0.7		)	2.0
Post-retirement benefit plans	3.0			1.9			2.2			3.0
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(5.5		)	15.3
Other comprehensive loss							(38.1		)	(5.5		)
Comprehensive Income	$	36.0		$	91.6		$	8.2		$	36.0

Share Data
Basic earnings per share	$	1.14		$	2.02		$	1.33		$	1.14
Average number of common shares	36.5			37.9			34.9			36.5

Diluted earnings per share	$	1.12		$	1.98		$	1.31		$	1.12
Average number of common shares and common share equivalents	37.1			38.5			35.4			37.1

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

(In millions)


	Three Months Ended March 31						Three Months Ended March 31
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Operating Activities
Net income	$	41.5		$	76.3		$	46.3		$	41.5
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation expense	82.7			81.8			83.2			82.7
Net gains on sales of assets	(8.6		)	(55.7		)	(26.8		)	(8.6		)
Deferred income taxes	5.7			18.7			7.0			5.7
Share of affiliates’ earnings, net of dividends	(14.7		)	(14.3		)	(19.5		)	(14.7		)
Other	(42.3		)	(29.6		)
Changes in working capital items							(37.2		)	(42.3		)
Net cash provided by operating activities	64.3			77.2			53.0			64.3
Investing Activities
Portfolio investments and capital additions	(147.3		)	(178.4		)	(194.7		)	(147.3		)
Purchases of assets previously leased	—			(39.1		)
Portfolio proceeds	41.5			123.2			63.6			41.5
Proceeds from sales of other assets	6.5			8.8			6.7			6.5
Other	0.7			2.5			0.3			0.7
Net cash used in investing activities	(98.6		)	(83.0		)	(124.1		)	(98.6		)
Financing Activities
Net proceeds from issuances of debt (original maturities longer than 90 days)	495.2			—			861.2			495.2
Repayments of debt (original maturities longer than 90 days)	(160.0		)	(11.7		)	(350.0		)	(160.0		)
Net decrease in debt with original maturities of 90 days or less	(94.7		)	(0.1		)
Net increase (decrease) in debt with original maturities of 90 days or less							9.5			(94.7		)
Stock repurchases	(38.1		)	(25.0		)	—			(38.1		)
Dividends	(19.2		)	(18.6		)	(19.0		)	(19.2		)
Purchases of assets previously leased							(7.9		)	—
Other	(0.7		)	(1.3		)	(0.2		)	(0.7		)
Net cash provided (used) in financing activities	182.5			(56.7		)
Net cash provided by financing activities							493.6			182.5
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Cash Equivalents	(0.3		)	0.2			(2.8		)	(0.3		)
Net increase (decrease) in Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash during the period	147.9			(62.3		)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at beginning of the period	106.7			299.7
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at end of the period	$	254.6		$	237.4
Net increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents during the period							419.7			147.9
Cash and Cash Equivalents at beginning of the period							151.0			106.7
Cash and Cash Equivalents at end of the period							$	570.7		$	254.6

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)

(In millions)


	Three Months Ended March 31										Three Months Ended March 31
	2019					2018					2020					2019
	Shares		Dollars			Shares		Dollars			Shares		Dollars			Shares		Dollars
Common Stock
Balance at beginning of the period	67.3		$	41.6		67.1		$	41.6		67.5		$	41.8		67.3		$	41.6
Issuance of common stock	0.1		0.1			0.1		—			0.1		—			0.1		0.1
Balance at end of the period	67.4		41.7			67.2		41.6			67.6		41.8			67.4		41.7
Treasury Stock
Balance at beginning of the period	(30.7	)	(1,214.5		)	(29.2	)	(1,099.0		)	(32.7	)	(1,364.5		)	(30.7	)	(1,214.5		)
Stock repurchases	(0.5	)	(40.0		)	(0.4	)	(25.0		)	—		—			(0.5	)	(40.0		)
Balance at end of the period	(31.2	)	(1,254.5		)	(29.6	)	(1,124.0		)	(32.7	)	(1,364.5		)	(31.2	)	(1,254.5		)
Additional Paid In Capital
Balance at beginning of the period			706.4					698.0					720.1					706.4
Share-based compensation effects			3.1					1.9					5.3					3.1
Balance at end of the period			709.5					699.9					725.4					709.5
Retained Earnings
Balance at beginning of the period			2,419.2					2,261.7					2,601.3					2,419.2
Net income			41.5					76.3					46.3					41.5
Dividends declared ($0.46 and $0.44 per share)			(17.5		)			(17.3		)
Dividends declared ($0.48 and $0.46 per share)													(17.6		)			(17.5		)
Cumulative impact of accounting standard adoption			39.4					15.2					—					39.4
Balance at end of the period			2,482.6					2,335.9					2,630.0					2,482.6
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss											Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance at beginning of the period			(164.6		)			(109.6		)			(163.6		)			(164.6		)
Other comprehensive (loss) income			(5.5		)			15.3
Cumulative impact of accounting standard adoption			—					(19.4		)
Other comprehensive loss													(38.1		)			(5.5		)
Balance at end of the period			(170.1		)			(113.7		)			(201.7		)			(170.1		)
Total Shareholders’ Equity			$	1,809.2				$	1,839.7				$	1,831.0				$	1,809.2

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

NOTE 1. Description of Business

As used herein, "GATX," "we," "us," "our," and similar terms refer to GATX Corporation and its subsidiaries, unless indicated otherwise.

We lease, operate, manage, and remarket long-lived, widely-used assets, primarily in the rail market. We report our financial results through ~~four~~4primary business segments: Rail North America, Rail International, Portfolio Management, and American Steamship Company ("ASC").On February 7, 2020, we entered into an agreement to sell ASC. The sale is subject to customary closing conditions. See "Note 25. Subsequent Events" in Part II, Item 8 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 and "Note 16. Subsequent Events" of this Form 10-Q for additional information.

NOTE 2. Coronavirus Impacts

On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) a pandemic and on March 13, 2020, the United States declared a national emergency related to COVID-19. Our consolidated financial statements reflect estimates and assumptions at the date of the consolidated financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods presented. We considered the impact of COVID-19 on our operations and the assumptions and estimates used and determined there were no material impacts on our first quarter 2020 results. However, as the impact on the global economy continues, we expect COVID-19 will adversely affect our operating and financial results in future periods, the magnitude and duration of which cannot be determined at this time.

On March 27, 2020, the U.S. government enacted the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) which includes modifications to the interest expense limitation threshold and net operating loss carryback period and utilization limitation, the acceleration of payments for alternative minimum tax credit refunds, and the deferral of employer payroll tax payments. The CARES Act is not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 2. 3. Basis of Presentation

We prepared the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP") for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, our unaudited consolidated financial statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required for complete financial statements. We have included all of the normal recurring adjustments that we deemed necessary for a fair presentation. ~~Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2019 presentation.~~

Operating results for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results we may achieve for the entire year ending December 31, ~~2019.~~2020. In particular, ASC's fleet is inactive for a significant portion of the first quarter of each year due to winter conditions on the Great Lakes. In addition, asset remarketing income does not occur evenly throughout the year. For more information, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

~~GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)~~

New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted



Standard/Description	Effective Date and Adoption Considerations	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
~~Leases~~ Credit Losses In ~~February~~June 2016, the FASB issued ASU ~~2016-02,~~ ~~Leases~~2016-13, Credit Losses (Topic ~~842)~~, 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which ~~supersedes~~supercedes previous ~~lease~~ guidance. The FASB subsequently issued ASU ~~2018-10, ASU 2018-11,~~2018-19, clarifying operating lease receivables are not within the scope of subtopic 326-20 and ~~ASU 2018-20,~~ ~~Lease (Topic 842)~~,should be accounted for ~~codification and targeted improvements to the standard.~~in accordance with Topic 842, Leases. The new guidance ~~requires companies~~modifies the impairment model to ~~recognize most leases~~be based on ~~the balance sheet and modifies accounting, presentation, and disclosure for both lessors and lessees.~~expected losses rather than incurred losses.	We adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of ~~2019, applying a modified retrospective transition method with a cumulative effect adjustment upon adoption. Comparative periods are not restated.~~ We elected the package of practical expedients related to whether a contract is or contains a lease, lease classification and initial direct costs. We also elected the practical expedient that allows lessors and lessees to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease components for operating leases.2020.	The adoption of this ~~new~~ standard required us to ~~recognize right-of-use assets~~modify our assessment for a limited population of receivables, including the net investment in our finance leases, as well as our trade receivables at ASC. As part of our modified assessment, we considered historical information as well as current and lease liabilities on our balance sheet attributable to operating leases for railcars, offices, and certain equipment. This resulted in the recognition of right-of-use assets and lease liabilities of $460.7 million and $483.6 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of this new standard also required us to eliminate deferred gains associated with our railcar sale-leaseback financing arrangements, and record a one-time increase to equity of $39.4 million (after-tax). Elimination of these deferred gains will increase reported operating lease expense going forward. In 2019, we expect this impact to be approximately $4.0 million (pre-tax).
~~Derivatives and Hedging~~ ~~In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12,~~ ~~Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities,~~ which expands and refines hedge accounting for both financial and non-financial risk components, aligns the recognition and presentation of the effects of hedging instruments and hedge items in the financial statements, and includes certain targeted improvements to ease the application of current guidance related to the assessment of hedge effectiveness.	~~We adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of 2019.~~	~~The application of this new guidance did not impact our financial statements and had an immaterial impact to related disclosures.~~
~~Compensation~~ ~~In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07,~~ ~~Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which modifies the accounting for nonemployee share-based payments.~~	~~We adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of 2019.~~	future economic conditions. The application of this new guidance did not impact our financial statements or related disclosures.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted



Standard/Description	Effective Date and Adoption Considerations	Effect on Financial Statements or Other Significant Matters
~~Credit Losses~~ Income Taxes In ~~June 2016,~~December 2019, the FASB issued ASU ~~2016-13,~~ ~~Credit Losses~~2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic ~~326)~~740): ~~Measurement~~Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes, which eliminates exceptions for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period, and the recognition of ~~Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,~~ ~~which modifies how entities will measure credit losses.~~deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences.	The new guidance is effective for us in the first quarter of ~~2020,~~2021, with early adoption permitted. We plan to adopt this standard on January 1, 2021.	We are evaluating the ~~effect~~potential impact the new guidance will have on our financial statements and related disclosures.

NOTE 3. 4. Revenue

Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

We disaggregate revenue into three categories as presented on our income statement:

Lease Revenue

Lease revenue, which includes operating lease revenue and finance lease revenue, is our primary source of revenue. In ~~the first quarter of 2019,~~accordance with ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) ("Topic 842"), we adopted Topic 842 using the modified retrospective method. As provided in the guidance, we elected the package of practical expedients that retains the classification of existing leases at the time of adoption and does not require re-evaluation of embedded leases or reassessment of initial direct costs. In addition, we electedutilize the practical expedient that allows lessors to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease components for our operating leases. ~~As a result, our current recognition and presentation policies for leases are substantially consistent with applicable provisions in the new lease standard.~~

Operating Lease Revenue

We lease railcars and other operating assets under full-service and net operating leases. We price full-service leases as an integrated service that includes amounts related to maintenance, insurance, and ad valorem taxes. We do not offer stand-alone maintenance service contracts. Operating ~~lease~~leases revenue is within the scope of Topic 842, and we ~~have elected to~~do not separate non-lease components from the associated lease component for qualifying leases. Operating lease revenue ~~will continue to be~~is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the underlying lease. As a result, lease revenue may not be recognized in the same period as maintenance and other costs, which we expense as incurred. Variable rents are recognized when applicable contingencies are resolved. Revenue is not recognized if collectability is not reasonably assured. See "Note 5. Leases".

Finance Lease Revenue

In certain cases, we lease railcars and other operating assets that, at lease inception, are classified as finance leases. In accordance with Topic 842, we recognize finance lease revenue ~~will continue to be recognized~~ using the interest method, which produces a constant yield over the lease term. Initial unearned income is the amount ~~that~~by which the original lease payment receivable and the estimated residual value of the leased asset exceeds the original cost or carrying value of the leased asset. See "Note 5. Leases".

Marine Operating Revenue

We generate marine operating revenue through shipping services completed by our marine vessels. In accordance with ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts and Customers (Topic 606) ("Topic ~~606,~~606"), marine operating revenue is recognized over time as the performance obligation is satisfied, beginning when cargo is loaded through its delivery and discharge. Revenue is recognized pro rata over the projected duration of each voyage, which is derived from our historical voyage data.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

Other Revenue

Other revenue is comprised of customer liability repair revenue, termination fees, utilization income, fee income, ~~interest on loans,~~ and other miscellaneous revenues. Select components of other revenue are within the scope of Topic 606. Revenue attributable to terms provided in our lease contracts are variable lease components that are recognized when earned, in accordance with Topic 842.

~~GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)~~

NOTE 4. 5. Leases

~~Adoption of ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)"~~

In the first quarter of 2019, we adopted ASU 2016-02 using the modified retrospective transition method with a cumulative effect adjustment upon adoption. Amounts for comparative periods are not required to be included in the footnote disclosures.

We elected the package of practical expedients related to whether a contract is or contains a lease, lease classification and initial direct costs. We also elected the practical expedient that allows lessors and lessees to not separate non-lease components from the associated lease components for operating leases.

The adoption of this new standard required us to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities on our balance sheet attributable to operating leases for railcars, offices, and certain equipment. In addition, the adoption of this new standard also required us to eliminate deferred gains associated with our railcar sale-leaseback financing arrangements, resulting in a one-time increase to equity. Elimination of these deferred gains will increase future operating lease expense associated with operating leases recorded on the date of adoption.

~~The adoption of this standard did not have any impact on our cash flows.~~

GATX as Lessor

We lease railcars and other operating assets under full-service and net operating leases. We price full-service leases as an integrated service that includes amounts related to maintenance, insurance, and ad valorem taxes. Upon adoption of the new lease accounting standard in 2019, we elected the lessor practical expedient which allows us not to separate lease and non-lease components when reporting revenue for our full-service operating leases. In some cases, we lease railcars that, at commencement, are classified as finance leases. For certain operating leases, revenue is based on equipment usage and is recognized when earned. Typically, our leases do not provide customers with renewal options or options to purchase the asset. Our lease agreements do not generally have residual value guarantees. We collect reimbursements from customers for damage to our railcars, as well as additional rental payments for usage above specified levels, as provided in the lease agreements.

The following table shows the components of our lease income (in millions):



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020		Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Operating lease income:
Fixed lease income	$	255.1	$	253.9
Variable lease income	14.8		17.7
Total operating lease income	$	269.9	$	271.6
Finance lease income	1.8		2.8
Total lease income	$	271.7	$	274.4

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2019
Finance lease income $ 2.8
Operating lease income:
Fixed lease income 253.9
Variable lease income 17.7
Total operating lease income 271.6
Total lease income $ 274.4

In accordance with the terms of our leases with customers, we may earn additional revenue, primarily for customer liability repairs. These amounts are reported in other revenue in the statements of comprehensive income and were $22.7 million and $23.7 million for the ~~quarter~~three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019.

~~The~~

NOTE 6. Investments in Affiliated Companies

Our affiliate investments primarily include interests in each of the Rolls-Royce & Partners Finance joint ventures (collectively the “RRPF affiliates”), a group of 50% owned domestic and foreign joint ventures with Rolls-Royce plc, a leading manufacturer of commercial aircraft jet engines.

In accordance with Regulation S-X, we must assess if any of our investments in affiliated companies is a “significant subsidiary”. As of March 31, 2020, we determined that Alpha Partners Leasing Limited, which is part of the RRPF affiliates, triggered at least one of the significance tests. As a result, and in accordance with Rule 10-01(b) of Regulation S-X, the following table shows ~~the components of our direct finance leases~~summarized unaudited financial information for Alpha Partners Leasing Limited (in millions):



	Three Months Ended March 31
	2020			2019
Total revenue	$	104.0		$	94.1
Total expenses	(86.4		)	(71.3		)
Other income, including net gains on sales of assets	22.3			6.7
Net income	32.3			23.8

March 31, 2019
Total contractual lease payments receivable $ 108.1
Estimated unguaranteed residual value of leased assets 57.5
Unearned income (46.7 )
Finance leases $ 118.9

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

~~GATX as Lessee~~

We lease assets, including railcars at North America, as well as other assets such as offices, maintenance facilities, and other general purpose equipment. The railcars are subleased to customers as part of our normal course of operations. Certain leases have options to purchase the underlying assets early, renew the lease, or purchase the underlying assets at the end of the lease term. The specific terms of the renewal and purchase options vary, and we did not include these amounts in our future contractual rental payments. Additionally, the contractual rental payments do not include amounts we are required to pay for licenses, taxes, insurance, and maintenance. Our lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees. At March 31, 2019, we leased approximately 8,400 railcars at Rail North America.

We use the implicit rate to calculate the right-of-use asset amount and lease liability for our leases when readily determinable. Specifically, the implicit rate was measurable for railcars leased at Rail North America. For our other operating leases, an implicit rate was not determinable, and we used our incremental borrowing rate. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

~~The following table shows the components of lease expense (in millions):~~

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2019
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets $ 0.2
Interest on lease liabilities 0.1
Operating lease cost (1):
Fixed lease cost - operating leases 15.2
Total lease cost $ 15.5

~~________~~


~~(1)~~	~~Total operating lease cost includes amounts recorded in selling, general and administrative expense. Operating lease cost also includes short-term leases, which are immaterial.~~

Operating lease cost includes amounts attributable to sale leaseback financing transactions for railcars we lease to customers. Lease revenue of $18.0 million was recognized in connection with these operating leases.

~~The following table shows the maturities of our lease liabilities as of March 31, 2019 (in millions):~~

March 31, 2019

Operating
Leases

Finance
Leases
Total
2019 (1) $ 34.8
$ 11.1
$ 45.9
2020 67.7
—
67.7
2021 66.1
—
66.1
2022 57.2
—
57.2
2023 54.4
—
54.4
Years thereafter 268.2
—
268.2
Total undiscounted lease payments $ 548.4
$ 11.1
$ 559.5
Less: amounts representing interest (92.1 ) (0.1 ) (92.2 )
Total discounted lease liabilities $ 456.3
$ 11.0
$ 467.3

~~__________~~


~~(1)~~	~~For the remainder of the year.~~

~~GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)~~

~~The following table shows the lease terms and discount rates related to leases:~~



	~~March 31, 2019~~
~~Weighted-average remaining lease term (years):~~
~~Operating leases~~	~~10.3~~
~~Finance leases~~	~~0.5~~

~~Weighted-average discount rate:~~
~~Operating leases~~	~~3.87~~	%
~~Finance leases~~	~~3.39~~	%

~~The following table shows other information related to leases (in millions):~~

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases $ 32.0
Operating cash flows for finance leases 0.1
Financing cash flows for finance leases 0.3
Total cash from leases $ 32.4

NOTE 5.7. Fair Value Disclosure

The assets and liabilities that GATX records at fair value on a recurring basis consisted entirely of derivatives at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

~~Adoption of ASU 2017-12, "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities"~~

In addition, we review long-lived assets, such as operating assets and facilities, as well as goodwill, whenever circumstances indicate that the ~~first~~carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable or when assets may be classified as held for sale. We considered COVID-19 as part of our assessment during the quarter ~~of 2019, we adopted ASU 2016-02. The adoption of this new standard did not have an impact~~and determined there were no material impacts on our ~~financial statements, but certain disclosures have been modified in accordance with~~final conclusions. We will continue to monitor our long-lived assets, equity method investments, and goodwill for indicators of impairment as COVID-19 continues to impact the ~~new requirements.~~global economy.

Derivative Instruments

Fair Value Hedges

We use interest rate swaps to manage the fixed-to-floating rate mix of our debt obligations by converting a portion of our fixed rate debt to floating rate debt. For fair value hedges, we recognize changes in fair value of both the derivative and the hedged item as interest expense. We had ~~eight~~5 instruments outstanding with an aggregate notional amount of $300.0 million as of March 31, 2020 with maturities ranging from 2021 to 2022 and 8 instruments outstanding with an aggregate notional amount of $450.0 million as of ~~March~~December 31, 2019 with maturities ranging from 2020 to ~~2022 and nine instruments outstanding with an aggregate notional amount of $500.0 million as of December 31, 2018 with maturities ranging from 2019 to~~ 2022.

Cash Flow Hedges

We use Treasury rate locks and swap rate locks to hedge our exposure to interest rate risk on anticipated transactions. We also use currency swaps and put/call options to hedge our exposure to fluctuations in the exchange rates of foreign currencies for certain loans and operating expenses denominated in non-functional currencies. We had 1718 instruments outstanding with an aggregate notional amount of ~~$520.8~~$281.8 million as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 that mature from ~~2019~~2020 to 2022 and ~~eight~~7 instruments outstanding with an aggregate notional amount of ~~$501.9~~$336.5 million as of December 31, ~~2018~~2019 with maturities ranging from ~~2019~~2020 to 2022. Within the next 12 months, we expect to reclassify ~~$2.0~~$1.7 million ($~~1.5~~1.2 million after-tax) of net losses on previously terminated derivatives from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to interest expense or operating lease expense, as applicable. We reclassify these amounts when interest and operating lease expense on the related hedged transactions affect earnings.

~~GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)~~

Non-Designated Derivatives

We do not hold derivative financial instruments for purposes other than hedging, although certain of our derivatives are not designated as accounting hedges. We recognize changes in the fair value of these derivatives in other (income) expense immediately.

~~Some~~Certain of our derivative instruments contain credit risk provisions that could require us to make immediate payment on net liability positions in the event that we default on certain outstanding debt obligations. The aggregate fair value of our derivative instruments with credit risk related contingent features that are in a liability position as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 was ~~$13.0~~$2.4 million. We are not required to post any collateral on our derivative instruments and do not expect the credit risk provisions to be triggered.

In the event that a counterparty fails to meet the terms of an interest rate swap agreement or a foreign exchange contract, our exposure is limited to the fair value of the swap, if in our favor. We manage the credit risk of counterparties by transacting with institutions that we consider financially sound and by avoiding concentrations of risk with a single counterparty. We believe that the risk of non-performance by any of our counterparties is remote.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

The following tables show our derivative assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value (in millions):


	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value March 31, 2019		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value March 31, 2020		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Derivative Assets
Foreign exchange contracts (1)	Other assets	$	9.9	$	—	$	9.9	$	—
Interest rate contracts (1)										Other assets	$	8.3	$	—	$	8.3	$	—
Foreign exchange contracts ~~(2)~~(1)	Other assets	0.4		—		0.4		—		Other assets	0.9		—		0.9		—
Foreign exchange contracts (2)										Other assets	1.5		—		1.5		—
Total derivative assets		$	10.3	$	—	$	10.3	$	—		$	10.7	$	—	$	10.7	$	—
Derivative Liabilities
Interest rate contracts (1)	Other liabilities	$	4.4	$	—	$	4.4	$	—	Other liabilities	$	0.3	$	—	$	0.3	$	—
Foreign exchange contracts (1)	Other liabilities	8.5		—		8.5		—
Foreign exchange contracts ~~(2)~~(1)	Other liabilities	5.3		—		5.3		—		Other liabilities	2.1		—		2.1		—
Total derivative liabilities		$	18.2	$	—	$	18.2	$	—		$	2.4	$	—	$	2.4	$	—


	Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value December 31, 2018		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Balance Sheet Location	Fair Value December 31, 2019		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Derivative Assets

Interest rate contracts (1)										Other assets	$	1.4	$	—	$	1.4	$	—
Foreign exchange contracts (1)	Other assets	$	4.4	$	—	$	4.4	$	—	Other assets	6.9		—		6.9		—
Foreign exchange contracts (2)	Other assets	0.5		—		0.5		—		Other assets	0.2		—		0.2		—
Total derivative assets		$	4.9	$	—	$	4.9	$	—		$	8.5	$	—	$	8.5	$	—
Derivative Liabilities
Interest rate contracts (1)	Other liabilities	$	7.7	$	—	$	7.7	$	—	Other liabilities	$	0.6	$	—	$	0.6	$	—
Foreign exchange contracts (1)	Other liabilities	18.2		—		18.2		—		Other liabilities	7.0		—		7.0		—
Foreign exchange contracts (2)	Other liabilities	4.7		—		4.7		—		Other liabilities	6.0		—		6.0		—
Total derivative liabilities		$	30.6	$	—	$	30.6	$	—		$	13.6	$	—	$	13.6	$	—

_________

(1) Designated as hedges.


(2)	Not designated as hedges.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

We value derivatives using a pricing model with inputs (such as yield curves and foreign currency rates) that are observable in the market or that can be derived principally from observable market data. As of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, all derivatives were classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. There were no derivatives classified as Level 1 or Level 3.

The following table shows the amounts recorded on the balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for fair value hedges as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018~~2019 (in millions).


	Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)				Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)						Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)						Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)
Line Item in the Balance Sheet in Which the Hedged Item is Included	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018		March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018			March 31 2020			December 31 2019			March 31 2020		December 31 2019

Recourse Debt	$	445.7	$	493.5	$	(4.4	)	$	(7.7	)
Recourse debt											$	(304.9	)	$	(449.9	)	$	8.3	$	1.4

The following table shows the impacts of our derivative instruments on our statement of comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019 (in millions):



	Amount of Loss (Gain) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income						Location of Loss (Gain) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into Income	Amount of Loss (Gain) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into Income
	Three Months Ended March 31							Three Months Ended March 31
Derivative Designation	2020			2019				2020			2019
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest rate contracts	$	(0.1	)	$	—		Interest expense	$	0.4		$	0.8
Foreign exchange contracts	(3.8		)	(12.9		)	Other (income) expense	(5.3		)	(11.0		)
Total	$	(3.9	)	$	(12.9	)	Total	$	(4.9	)	$	(10.2	)

Amount of Loss (Gain) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income Location of Loss (Gain) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into Income Amount of Loss (Gain) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income into Income
Derivative Designation 2019 2018 2019 2018
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest rate contracts $ 13.0
$ (10.8 ) Interest expense $ 0.8
$ 1.1
Foreign exchange contracts (0.1 ) (0.7 ) Other (income) expense (11.0 ) 8.2
Total $ 12.9
$ (11.5 ) Total $ (10.2 ) $ 9.3

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

The following table shows the impact of our fair value and cash flow hedge accounting relationships, as well as the impact of our non-designated derivatives, on the statement of comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019 (in millions):



	Location and Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
	Three Months Ended March 31						Three Months Ended March 31
	2020						2019
	Interest (expense), net			Other income (expense)			Interest (expense), net			Other income (expense)
Total amounts of income and expense presented in the statements of comprehensive income in which the effects of fair value or cash flow hedges are recorded	$	(46.8	)	$	(8.2	)	$	(46.5	)	$	(3.2	)
Gain (loss) on fair value hedging relationships
Interest rate contracts:
Hedged items	(6.9		)	—			(3.2		)	—
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments	6.9			—			3.2			—
Gain (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships
Interest rate contracts:
Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income	(0.4		)	—			(0.8		)	—
Foreign exchange contracts:
Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income (1)	—			5.3			—			11.0
Gain (loss) on non-designated derivative contracts	—			6.9			—			(0.8		)

Location and Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
2019 2018

Interest (expense), net Other income (expense) Interest (expense), net Other income (expense)
Total amounts of income and expense presented in the statements of comprehensive income in which the effects of fair value or cash flow hedges are recorded $ (46.5 ) $ (3.2 ) $ (39.9 ) $ (1.3 )

Gain (loss) on fair value hedging relationships
Interest rate contracts:
Hedged items (3.2 ) —
5.8
—
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments 3.2
—
(5.8 ) —

Gain (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships
Interest rate contracts:
Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income (0.8 ) —
(1.1 ) —

Foreign exchange contracts:
Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income (1) —
11.0
—
(8.2 )

Gain (loss) on non-designated derivative contracts —
(0.8 ) —
0.7

_________


(1)	These amounts are substantially offset by foreign currency remeasurement adjustments on related hedged instruments, also recognized in other income (expense).

Other Financial Instruments

Except for derivatives, as disclosed above, GATX has no other assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, ~~restricted cash,~~ rent and other receivables, accounts payable, and commercial paper and borrowings under bank credit facilities with maturities under one year approximate fair value due to the short maturity of those instruments. We estimate the fair values of fixed and floating rate debt using discounted cash flow analyses that are based on interest rates currently offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality. The inputs we use to estimate each of these values are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy because they are directly or indirectly observable inputs.

The following table shows the carrying amounts and fair values of our other financial instruments (in millions):



	March 31, 2020				December 31, 2019
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Liabilities
Recourse fixed rate debt	$	4,153.8	$	4,354.7	$	4,389.3	$	4,644.6
Recourse floating rate debt	915.6		911.8		417.5		419.0
Borrowings under bank credit facilities	250.0		248.9		—		—

March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018

Carrying
Amount

Fair
Value

Carrying
Amount

Fair
Value
Liabilities
Recourse fixed rate debt $ 4,436.1
$ 4,470.6
$ 3,933.4
$ 3,836.0
Recourse floating rate debt 361.4
359.8
522.7
515.1

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

NOTE 6. 8. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits

The following table shows the components of our pension and other post-retirement ~~benefits expense~~net periodic cost for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019 (in millions):



	2020 Pension Benefits			2019 Pension Benefits			2020 Retiree Health and Life		2019 Retiree Health and Life
Service cost	$	2.0		$	1.7		$	—	$	—
Interest cost	3.1			3.8			0.1		0.2
Expected return on plan assets	(5.1		)	(5.5		)	—		—
Amortization of (1):
Unrecognized prior service credit	—			—			—		—
Unrecognized net actuarial loss	3.1			1.9			—		—
Net periodic cost	$	3.1		$	1.9		$	0.1	$	0.2

2019
Pension
Benefits

2018
Pension
Benefits

2019
Retiree Health and Life
2018
Retiree Health and Life
Service cost $ 1.7
$ 1.9
$ —
$ 0.1
Interest cost 3.8
3.7
0.2
0.2
Expected return on plan assets (5.5 ) (5.6 ) —
—
Amortization of (1):
Unrecognized prior service credit —
—
—
—
Unrecognized net actuarial loss 1.9
2.5
—
—
Net periodic cost $ 1.9
$ 2.5
$ 0.2
$ 0.3

________

(1) Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss.

The service cost component of net periodic cost is recorded in selling, general and administrative expense in the statements of comprehensive income, and the non-service components ~~of net periodic cost~~ are recorded in other expense.

NOTE 7. 9. Share-Based Compensation

During the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, we granted ~~326,900~~288,000 non-qualified employee stock options, ~~42,700~~34,950 restricted stock units, ~~58,340~~54,270 performance shares, and ~~5,933~~5,753 phantom stock units. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, total share-based compensation expense was $2.2 million and the related tax benefits were $0.5 million. For the three months ended March 31, 2019, total share-based compensation expense was $5.1 million and the related tax benefits were $1.3 million. ~~For the three months ended March 31, 2018, total share-based compensation expense was $4.9 million and the related tax benefits were $1.2 million.~~

The estimated fair value of our ~~2019~~2020 non-qualified employee stock option awards and related underlying assumptions are shown in the table below.



	~~2019~~2020
Weighted-average estimated fair value	$~~22.24~~22.50
Quarterly dividend rate	$~~0.46~~0.48
Expected term of stock options, in years	4.2
Risk-free interest rate	~~2.5%~~1.3%
Dividend yield	~~2.6%~~2.5%
Expected stock price volatility	~~28.9%~~28.5%
Present value of dividends	$~~7.29~~7.89

NOTE 8. 10. Income Taxes

Our effective income tax rate was ~~24%~~32.5% for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, compared to ~~25%~~23.8% for the three months ended March 31, ~~2018.~~2019. The difference in the effective rates for the current year compared to the prior year is primarily ~~attributable~~due to the mix of pre-tax income among domestic and foreign jurisdictions, which are taxed at different rates. Incremental tax benefits associated with share-based compensation were also recognized in each period.

NOTE 9.11. Commercial Commitments

We have entered into various commercial commitments, such as ~~guarantees,~~ standby letters of credit, and performance bonds, related to certain transactions. These commercial commitments require us to fulfill specific obligations in the event of third-party demands. Similar to our balance sheet investments, these commitments expose us to credit, market, and equipment risk. Accordingly, we evaluate these commitments and other contingent obligations using techniques similar to those we use to evaluate funded transactions.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

The following table shows our commercial commitments (in millions):

March 31
2019

December 31
2018
Lease payment guarantees $ 1.5
$ 2.0
Standby letters of credit and performance bonds 9.4
9.5
Total commercial commitments (1) $ 10.9
$ 11.5



	March 31 2020		December 31 2019
Standby letters of credit and performance bonds	$	9.3	$	9.3

_______

(1) ~~The carrying value of~~There were no liabilities recorded on the balance sheet for commercial commitments ~~was~~ ~~$0.7 million~~at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~$0.9 million at~~ December 31, ~~2018. The expirations~~2019. As of ~~these~~March 31, 2020, our outstanding commitments ~~range from 2019 to 2023.~~expire in 2020 through 2021. We are not aware of any event that would require us to satisfy any of our commitments.

Lease payment guarantees are commitments to financial institutions to make lease payments for a third party in the event they default. We reduce any liability that may result from these guarantees by the value of the underlying asset or group of assets.

We are ~~also~~ parties to standby letters of credit and performance bonds, which primarily relate to contractual obligations and general liability insurance coverages. No material claims have been made against these obligations, and no material losses are anticipated.

NOTE ~~10.~~12. Earnings per Share

We compute basic earnings per share by dividing net income available to our common shareholders by the weighted-average number of shares of our common stock outstanding. We weight shares issued or reacquired for the portion of the period that they were outstanding. Our diluted earnings per share reflect the impacts of our potentially dilutive securities, which include our equity compensation awards.

The following table shows the computation of our basic and diluted net income per common share (in millions, except per share amounts):



	Three Months Ended March 31
	2020		2019
Numerator:
Net income	$	46.3	$	41.5

Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic	34.9		36.5
Effect of dilutive securities:
Equity compensation plans	0.5		0.6
Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted	35.4		37.1
Basic earnings per share	$	1.33	$	1.14
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.31	$	1.12

Three Months Ended
March 31
2019 2018
Numerator:
Net income $ 41.5
$ 76.3

Denominator:
Weighted-average shares outstanding - basic 36.5
37.9
Effect of dilutive securities:
Equity compensation plans 0.6
0.6
Weighted-average shares outstanding - diluted 37.1
38.5
Basic earnings per share $ 1.14
$ 2.02
Diluted earnings per share $ 1.12
$ 1.98

~~GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)~~

NOTE ~~11.~~ 13. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table shows the change in components for accumulated other comprehensive loss (in millions):



	Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)			Unrealized Loss on Derivative Instruments			Post-Retirement Benefit Plans			Total
Balance at December 31, 2019	$	(68.1	)	$	(10.1	)	$	(85.4	)	$	(163.6	)
Change in component	(39.6		)	3.9			(0.2		)	(35.9		)
Reclassification adjustments into earnings (1)	—			(4.9		)	3.1			(1.8		)
Income tax effect	—			0.3			(0.7		)	(0.4		)
Balance at March 31, 2020	$	(107.7	)	$	(10.8	)	$	(83.2	)	$	(201.7	)

Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss) Unrealized Loss on Derivative Instruments Post-Retirement Benefit Plans Total
Balance at December 31, 2018 $ (58.0 ) $ (14.0 ) $ (92.6 ) $ (164.6 )
Change in component (10.5 ) 12.9
—
2.4
Reclassification adjustments into earnings (1) —
(10.2 ) 1.9
(8.3 )
Income tax effect —
(0.7 ) 1.1
0.4
Balance at March 31, 2019 $ (68.5 ) $ (12.0 ) $ (89.6 ) $ (170.1 )

________


(1)	See "Note 5.7. Fair Value Disclosure" and "Note 6. 8. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits" for impacts of the reclassification adjustments on the statement of comprehensive income.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

NOTE ~~12.~~ 14. Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies

Various legal actions, claims, assessments and other contingencies arising in the ordinary course of business are pending against GATX and certain of our subsidiaries. These matters are subject to many uncertainties, and it is possible that some of these matters could ultimately be decided, resolved or settled adversely. For a full discussion of our pending legal matters, please refer to ~~"Note 22. Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies" of~~the notes included with our consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018.~~

~~Viareggio Derailment~~

In June 2009, a train consisting of fourteen liquefied petroleum gas (“LPG”) tank cars owned by GATX Rail Austria GmbH and its subsidiaries (collectively, “GRA”) derailed while passing through the City of Viareggio, in the province of Lucca, Italy. Five tank cars overturned and one of the overturned cars was punctured by a peg or obstacle along the side of the track, resulting in a release of LPG, which subsequently ignited. The accident resulted in multiple deaths, personal injuries and property damage. The LPG tank cars were leased to FS Logistica S.p.A., a subsidiary of the Italian state-owned railway, Ferrovie dello Stato S.p.A (the “Italian Railway”).

In January 2017, the trial court of Lucca found various Italian Railway companies, GRA, and certain of their employees guilty of negligence-based crimes related to the accident. The court imposed a fine of 1.4 million Euros against GRA and prison sentences against the employees. GRA and its employees appealed the trial court's decision, and the first appellate level hearings concluded in April, 2019. We anticipate a ruling later this year. In the event of an adverse appellate ruling, GRA would pursue a final appeal to the Supreme Court. The fines and penalties imposed by the trial court would not be enforceable until all appeals are exhausted and final. With respect to civil claims, the insurers for the Italian Railway and GRA have fully settled and resolved most of the claims arising out of the accident. GRA believes that its employees acted diligently and in accordance with applicable laws and regulations; however, we cannot predict the ultimate outcome of the appellate process and thus cannot reasonably estimate the possible amount or range of costs that may be ultimately incurred in connection with this litigation.

NOTE 1315. Financial Data of Business Segments

The financial data presented below depicts the profitability, financial position, and capital expenditures of each of our business segments.

Rail North America is composed of our operations in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Rail North America primarily provides railcars pursuant to full-service leases under which it maintains the railcars, pays ad valorem taxes and insurance, and provides other ancillary services.

Rail International is composed of our operations in Europe ("GATX Rail Europe" or "GRE"), India ("~~Rail India"~~GRI"), and Russia ("Rail Russia"). GRE leases railcars to customers throughout Europe pursuant to full-service leases under which it maintains the railcars and provides value-adding services according to customer requirements.

~~GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES~~

~~NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)~~

Portfolio Management is composed primarily of our ownership in the RRPF affiliates, a group of joint ventures with Rolls-Royce plc that lease aircraft spare engines, as well as ~~five~~5 liquefied gas carrying vessels (the ~~"Norgas~~"Specialized Gas Vessels") and assorted other marine assets.

ASC operates the largest fleet of US-flagged vessels on the Great Lakes, providing waterborne transportation of dry bulk commodities such as iron ore, coal, limestone aggregates, and metallurgical limestone.

Segment profit is an internal performance measure used by the Chief Executive Officer to assess the profitability of each segment. Segment profit includes all revenues, expenses, pre-tax earnings from affiliates, and net gains on asset dispositions that are directly attributable to each segment. We allocate interest expense to the segments based on what we believe to be the appropriate risk-adjusted borrowing costs for each segment. Segment profit excludes selling, general and administrative expenses, income taxes, and certain other amounts not allocated to the segments. These amounts are included in Other.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

The following tables show certain segment data for each of our business segments (in millions):


	Rail North America			Rail International			Portfolio Management			ASC			Other			GATX Consolidated			Rail North America			Rail International			Portfolio Management			ASC			Other			GATX Consolidated
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	220.9		$	52.2		$	0.3		$	1.0		$	—		$	274.4		$	212.1		$	58.3		$	0.3		$	1.0		$	—		$	271.7
Marine operating revenue	—			—			2.4			10.7			—			13.1			—			—			3.3			8.5			—			11.8
Other revenue	27.4			2.0			0.1			—			—			29.5			23.6			1.8			—			—			—			25.4
Total Revenues	248.3			54.2			2.8			11.7			—			317.0			235.7			60.1			3.6			9.5			—			308.9
Expenses
Maintenance expense	68.8			12.1			—			0.3			—			81.2			72.9			12.9			—			0.8			—			86.6
Marine operating expense	—			—			4.6			7.5			—			12.1			—			—			4.1			6.3			—			10.4
Depreciation expense	64.3			14.0			1.6			—			—			79.9			63.6			15.5			1.3			—			—			80.4
Operating lease expense	13.7			—			—			—			—			13.7			13.3			—			—			—			—			13.3
Other operating expense	6.4			1.5			0.1			—			—			8.0			6.6			1.8			0.1			—			—			8.5
Total Expenses	153.2			27.6			6.3			7.8			—			194.9			156.4			30.2			5.5			7.1			—			199.2
Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	8.2			0.4			0.3			—			—			8.9			26.8			0.1			0.5			—			—			27.4
Interest (expense) income, net	(34.2		)	(9.9		)	(2.7		)	(1.4		)	1.7			(46.5		)	(33.3		)	(10.6		)	(2.9		)	(1.3		)	1.3			(46.8		)
Other expense	(0.7		)	(2.3		)	—			—			(0.2		)	(3.2		)	(0.8		)	(5.5		)	—			(0.2		)	(1.7		)	(8.2		)
Share of affiliates' pre-tax income	—			—			18.2			—			—			18.2			—			—			23.8			—			—			23.8
Segment profit	$	68.4		$	14.8		$	12.3		$	2.5		$	1.5		$	99.5
Segment profit (loss)																			$	72.0		$	13.9		$	19.5		$	0.9		$	(0.4	)	$	105.9
Less:
Selling, general and administrative expense	Selling, general and administrative expense															46.1			Selling, general and administrative expense															42.4
Income taxes (includes $3.5 related to affiliates' earnings)																11.9
Income taxes (includes $4.3 related to affiliates' earnings)																			Income taxes (includes $4.3 related to affiliates' earnings)															17.2
Net income	Net income															$	41.5		Net income															$	46.3

Net Gain on Asset Dispositions
Asset Remarketing Income:
Net gains on disposition of owned assets	$	9.7		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	9.7		$	26.9		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	26.9
Residual sharing income	0.1			—			0.3			—			—			0.4			0.1			—			0.5			—			—			0.6
Non-remarketing net (loss) gains (1)	(1.6		)	0.4			—			—			—			(1.2		)
Non-remarketing net (losses) gains (1)																			(0.2		)	0.1			—			—			—			(0.1		)
	$	8.2		$	0.4		$	0.3		$	—		$	—		$	8.9		$	26.8		$	0.1		$	0.5		$	—		$	—		$	27.4

Capital Expenditures
Portfolio investments and capital additions	$	99.0		$	33.1		$	—		$	14.5		$	0.7		$	147.3		$	110.9		$	69.3		$	0.3		$	13.7		$	0.5		$	194.7

Selected Balance Sheet Data at March 31, 2019
Selected Balance Sheet Data at March 31, 2020																			Selected Balance Sheet Data at March 31, 2020
Investments in affiliated companies	$	0.2		$	—		$	479.8		$	—		$	—		$	480.0		$	0.2		$	—		$	532.2		$	—		$	—		$	532.4
Identifiable assets	$	5,656.7		$	1,365.2		$	618.3		$	311.2		$	288.8		$	8,240.2		$	5,679.0		$	1,497.4		$	657.3		$	300.9		$	583.3		$	8,717.9

__________

(1) Includes net gains (losses) from scrapping of railcars.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)


	Rail North America			Rail International			Portfolio Management			ASC			Other			GATX Consolidated			Rail North America			Rail International			Portfolio Management			ASC			Other			GATX Consolidated
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	219.5		$	52.4		$	0.3		$	1.0		$	—		$	273.2		$	220.9		$	52.2		$	0.3		$	1.0		$	—		$	274.4
Marine operating revenue	—			—			4.4			9.8			—			14.2			—			—			2.4			10.7			—			13.1
Other revenue	15.8			2.0			0.1			—			—			17.9			27.4			2.0			0.1			—			—			29.5
Total Revenues	235.3			54.4			4.8			10.8			—			305.3			248.3			54.2			2.8			11.7			—			317.0
Expenses
Maintenance expense	68.1			12.5			—			0.6			—			81.2			68.8			12.1			—			0.3			—			81.2
Marine operating expense	—			—			4.3			8.2			—			12.5			—			—			4.6			7.5			—			12.1
Depreciation expense	61.5			14.1			1.8			—			—			77.4			64.3			14.0			1.6			—			—			79.9
Operating lease expense	13.0			—			—			—			—			13.0			13.7			—			—			—			—			13.7
Other operating expense	6.9			1.5			0.2			—			—			8.6			6.4			1.5			0.1			—			—			8.0
Total Expenses	149.5			28.1			6.3			8.8			—			192.7			153.2			27.6			6.3			7.8			—			194.9
Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	54.1			1.6			0.3			0.1			—			56.1			8.2			0.4			0.3			—			—			8.9
Interest (expense) income, net	(30.2		)	(8.7		)	(2.3		)	(1.3		)	2.6			(39.9		)	(34.2		)	(9.9		)	(2.7		)	(1.4		)	1.7			(46.5		)
Other expense	(0.9		)	(0.2		)	—			—			(0.2		)	(1.3		)	(0.7		)	(2.3		)	—			—			(0.2		)	(3.2		)
Share of affiliates' pre-tax income	0.1			—			17.4			—			—			17.5			—			—			18.2			—			—			18.2
Segment profit	$	108.9		$	19.0		$	13.9		$	0.8		$	2.4		$	145.0		$	68.4		$	14.8		$	12.3		$	2.5		$	1.5		$	99.5
Less:
Selling, general and administrative expense	Selling, general and administrative expense															44.9			Selling, general and administrative expense															46.1
Income taxes (includes $3.2 related to affiliates' earnings)																23.8
Income taxes (includes $3.5 related to affiliates' earnings)																			Income taxes (includes $3.5 related to affiliates' earnings)															11.9
Net income	Net income															$	76.3		Net income															$	41.5

Net Gain on Asset Dispositions
Asset Remarketing Income:
Net gains on disposition of owned assets	$	49.9		$	—		$	—		$	0.1		$	—		$	50.0		$	9.7		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	9.7
Residual sharing income	0.1			—			0.3			—			—			0.4			0.1			—			0.3			—			—			0.4
Non-remarketing net gains (1)	4.1			1.6			—			—			—			5.7
Non-remarketing net (losses) gains (1)																			(1.6		)	0.4			—			—			—			(1.2		)
	$	54.1		$	1.6		$	0.3		$	0.1		$	—		$	56.1		$	8.2		$	0.4		$	0.3		$	—		$	—		$	8.9

Capital Expenditures
Portfolio investments and capital additions	$	136.5		$	29.5		$	—		$	11.7		$	0.7		$	178.4		$	99.0		$	33.1		$	—		$	14.5		$	0.7		$	147.3

Selected Balance Sheet Data at December 31, 2018
Selected Balance Sheet Data at December 31, 2019																			Selected Balance Sheet Data at December 31, 2019
Investments in affiliated companies	$	0.2		$	—		$	464.3		$	—		$	—		$	464.5		$	0.2		$	—		$	512.4		$	—		$	—		$	512.6
Identifiable assets	$	5,236.6		$	1,363.2		$	606.8		$	297.8		$	112.3		$	7,616.7		$	5,646.7		$	1,486.7		$	653.7		$	291.1		$	206.9		$	8,285.1

__________

(1) Includes net gains (losses) from scrapping of railcars.

GATX CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) (Continued)

NOTE 16. Subsequent Events

As of March 31, 2020, the ASC business continued to be classified as held and used because all criteria for held-for-sale accounting and reporting as provided in Accounting Standards Codification 360, Property, Plant and Equipment, had not been met. Specifically, the planned sale of ASC is subject to certain contingencies including regulatory approval and other transaction terms and conditions yet to be resolved. On April 22, 2020, subsequent to the quarter ended March 31, 2020, regulatory approval for the sale was granted by the applicable governmental authorities. Subject to the resolution of any further transaction contingencies, the sale is expected to close in the second quarter of 2020.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

OVERVIEW

We lease, operate, manage, and remarket long-lived, widely-used assets, primarily in the rail market. We report our financial results through fourprimary business segments: Rail North America, Rail International, Portfolio Management, and American Steamship Company ("ASC").On February 7, 2020, we entered into an agreement to sell ASC. The sale is subject to customary closing conditions. See "Note 25. Subsequent Events" in Part II, Item 8 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 and "Note 16. Subsequent Events" in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for additional information.

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Management's Discussion and Analysis in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018.~~2019. We based the discussion and analysis that follows on financial data we derived from the financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Standards ("GAAP") and on certain other financial data that we prepared using non-GAAP components. For a reconciliation of these non-GAAP components to the most comparable GAAP components, see "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" at the end of this item.

Operating results for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results we may achieve for the entire year ending December 31, ~~2019.~~ 2020. In particular, ASC's fleet is inactive for a significant portion of the first quarter of each year due to winter conditions on the Great Lakes. In addition, asset remarketing income does not occur evenly throughout the year. For more information, ~~about our business,~~ refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes in ourAnnual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 ("COVID-19")

COVID-19 had limited impact on our first quarter results. However, we expect COVID-19 will negatively impact our operating results in future periods, the magnitude and duration of which cannot be determined at this time. To limit the spread of COVID-19, governments have taken various actions including the issuance of stay-at-home orders and social distancing guidelines. These actions have caused many businesses to reduce or suspend operations, negatively impacting economic conditions and many of the markets we serve. Our first priority has been ensuring the health and safety of our global workforce and serving our various stakeholders with minimal disruptions.

Across our operating segments, we have robust business continuity and crisis management plans which have been implemented. We have a strong liquidity position, balance sheet, and access to capital which we expect will enable GATX to effectively manage through the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve rapidly, including the scope and duration of disruptions and the shape and timing of the eventual recovery. We cannot, at this time, reasonably estimate the impact this will have on our future results and have thus suspended our previously announced full-year 2020 earnings guidance.

Rail North America & Rail International

Industry railcar loadings have declined as the impact of COVID-19 has disrupted global manufacturing, supply chains, and consumer spending. We expect the reduction in economic activity to continue to impact our customers, which we expect, in turn, to impact the demand for our global railcar fleet.

Rail freight transportation and railcar repair have been deemed essential businesses globally. Our rail operations teams have initiated COVID-19 preparation and response programs to ensure the health and safety of our employees while continuing to provide critical railcar maintenance services. While our railcar repair facilities continue to operate, some have periodically reduced operating levels or closed on a temporary basis, and future disruptions may occur as the impact of COVID-19 continues to develop.

Rolls-Royce & Partners Finance Joint Ventures ("RRPF affiliates")

Global air travel has been significantly impacted by COVID-19. In response to the drastic decline in demand, airlines have reduced system-wide capacity and grounded large portions or all of their fleets. Many airlines are currently focused on managing their near-term liquidity positions, restructuring operations, and obtaining government financial support. We expect the major reduction in global air

travel and the disruption across the aviation industry will have a negative impact on our aircraft spare engine leasing business and future operating results, the magnitude and duration of which cannot be determined at this time.

ASC

COVID-19 has impacted the markets that ASC serves on the Great Lakes. The closing of steel blast furnaces, automobile manufacturing, postponement of limestone facility openings, and continued decline in coal have all impacted ASC’s customer demand. We expect these developments will have a negative impact on our future operating results, the magnitude and duration of which cannot be determined at this time.

DISCUSSION OF OPERATING RESULTS

The following table shows a summary of our reporting segments and consolidated financial results (in millions, except per share data):


	Three Months Ended March 31						Three Months Ended March 31
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Segment Revenues
Rail North America	$	248.3		$	235.3		$	235.7		$	248.3
Rail International	54.2			54.4			60.1			54.2
Portfolio Management	2.8			4.8			3.6			2.8
ASC	11.7			10.8			9.5			11.7
	$	317.0		$	305.3		$	308.9		$	317.0
Segment Profit
Rail North America	$	68.4		$	108.9		$	72.0		$	68.4
Rail International	14.8			19.0			13.9			14.8
Portfolio Management	12.3			13.9			19.5			12.3
ASC	2.5			0.8			0.9			2.5
	98.0			142.6			106.3			98.0
Less:
Selling, general and administrative expense	46.1			44.9			42.4			46.1
Unallocated interest (income) expense	(1.7		)	(2.6		)	(1.3		)	(1.7		)
Other, including eliminations	0.2			0.2			1.7			0.2
Income taxes ($3.5 and $3.2 related to affiliates' earnings)	11.9			23.8
Net Income	$	41.5		$	76.3
Income taxes (includes $4.3 and $3.5 related to affiliates' earnings)							17.2			11.9
Net Income (GAAP)							$	46.3		$	41.5

Diluted earnings per share	$	1.12		$	1.98
Diluted earnings per share (GAAP)							$	1.31		$	1.12

Investment Volume	$	147.3		$	178.4		$	194.7		$	147.3

The following table shows our return on equity ("ROE") for the trailing 12 months ended March 31:


	2019		2018		2020		2019
ROE (GAAP)	9.7	%	32.3	%	11.9	%	9.7	%
ROE, excluding tax adjustments and other items (non-GAAP) (1)	11.0	%	14.0	%	13.8	%	11.0	%

_________


(1)	See "Non-GAAP Financial Measures" at the end of this item for further details.

Net income for the first three months of 2020 was $46.3 million, or $1.31 per diluted share, compared to $41.5 million, or $1.12 per diluted share, ~~for the first quarter of 2019 compared to $76.3 million, or $1.98 per diluted share,~~ in ~~2018.~~2019. Net income ~~decreased $34.8~~increased $4.8 million compared to the prior year, largely due to ~~lower~~higher asset disposition ~~gains.~~gains at Rail North America and higher affiliate income, partially offset by higher maintenance expenses and lower revenue.

Segment Operations

RAIL NORTH AMERICA

Segment Summary

During the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019, absolute~~2020, decreased railcar loadings and increased railroad velocity persisted in the North American railcar leasing market. Despite this environment, Rail North America was able to maintain strong utilization throughout the quarter. Rail North America began to see impacts of COVID-19 in late March as industry railcar loadings across commodities began to decline in response to the dramatic reduction in overall economic activity. While the impact of COVID-19 on Rail North America's first quarter results was limited, we expect COVID-19 to have a negative impact on our railcar utilization, lease rates, maintenance expense, and other key performance metrics. We also anticipate the secondary market for ~~most tank car types improved, as underlying customer demand was stable~~selling railcars to be more limited in the near term. Additionally, certain of our customers have requested deferral of lease payments, lease rate reductions, and ~~a lengthening industry tank car manufacturing backlog supported rising lease rates. However, lease rates for freight car types remained under~~delays in the timing of new railcar deliveries. All of these factors will put pressure ~~due to a highly competitive market.~~ on our future operating results, the magnitude and duration of which cannot be determined at this time.

At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, Rail North America's wholly owned fleet, excluding boxcars, consisted of approximately ~~104,800~~102,500 cars, and fleet utilization was ~~99.4%~~99.0% at March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, compared to ~~99.4%~~99.3% at the end of the prior quarter, and ~~98.2%~~99.4% at March 31, ~~2018.~~2019. Fleet utilization for our approximately ~~16,000~~15,000 boxcars was ~~95.2%~~94.6% at March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, compared to ~~94.2%~~95.0% at the end of the prior quarter, and ~~93.5%~~95.2% at March 31, ~~2018.~~2019. Utilization is calculated as the number of railcars on lease as a percentage of total railcars in the fleet.

~~For~~During the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, an average of approximately ~~104,600~~101,700 railcars, excluding boxcars, were on lease, compared to ~~103,400~~102,300 in the prior quarter and ~~101,200 at~~104,600 for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2018. The increase~~2019. Changes in railcars on lease incompared to prior periods are impacted by the ~~current year is due both to our ongoing purchases~~number of new railcars purchased under our supply ~~agreement with Trinity Industries~~agreements and to the ~~acquisition~~disposition of ~~railcars from ECN Capital Corporation, partially offset by~~ railcars that were sold or scrapped. During the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, the renewal rate change of the Lease Price Index (the "LPI", see definition below) was ~~5.2%~~negative 11.6%, compared to negative ~~0.9%~~9.1% in the prior quarter, and ~~negative 11.6%~~positive 5.2% in the first quarter of ~~2018.~~2019. Lease terms on renewals for cars in the LPI averaged 3931 months in the current quarter, compared to 4337 months in the prior quarter, and 3439 months in the first quarter of ~~2018.~~2019. Additionally, the renewal success rate, which represents the percentage of expiring leases that were renewed with the existing lessee, was ~~83.6%~~74.6% in the current quarter, compared to ~~88.9%~~84.0% in the prior quarter, and ~~76.7%~~83.6% in the first quarter of ~~2018. Railcars~~2019. The renewal success rate is an important metric because railcars returned by our customers may incur ~~transitional~~transition costs, including additional repairs and related service prior to being leased to new customers, which may increase maintenance and associated expenses.

As of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, leases for approximately ~~14,600~~13,500 tank cars and freight cars and approximately ~~2,800~~2,900 boxcars are scheduled to expire over the remainder of ~~2019.~~2020. These amounts exclude railcars on leases expiring in ~~2019~~2020 that have already been renewed or assigned to a new lessee.

The following table shows Rail North America's segment results (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31						Three Months Ended March 31
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	220.9		$	219.5		$	212.1		$	220.9
Other revenue	27.4			15.8			23.6			27.4
Total Revenues	248.3			235.3			235.7			248.3

Expenses
Maintenance expense	68.8			68.1			72.9			68.8
Depreciation expense	64.3			61.5			63.6			64.3
Operating lease expense	13.7			13.0			13.3			13.7
Other operating expense	6.4			6.9			6.6			6.4
Total Expenses	153.2			149.5			156.4			153.2

Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	8.2			54.1			26.8			8.2
Interest expense, net	(34.2		)	(30.2		)	(33.3		)	(34.2		)
Other expense	(0.7		)	(0.9		)	(0.8		)	(0.7		)
Share of affiliates' pre-tax income	—			0.1
Segment Profit	$	68.4		$	108.9		$	72.0		$	68.4

Investment Volume	$	99.0		$	136.5		$	110.9		$	99.0

The following table shows the components of Rail North America's lease revenue (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31				Three Months Ended March 31
	2019		2018		2020		2019
Railcars	$	192.3	$	190.6	$	187.8	$	193.7
Boxcars	19.4		19.3		16.4		18.0
Locomotives	9.2		9.6		7.9		9.2
Total	$	220.9	$	219.5	$	212.1	$	220.9

Lease Price Index

Our LPI is an internally-generated business indicator that measures lease rate pricing on renewals for our North American railcar fleet, excluding boxcars. We calculate the index using the weighted-average lease rate for a group of railcar types that we believe best represents our overall North American fleet, excluding boxcars. The average renewal lease rate change is reported as the percentage change between the average renewal lease rate and the average expiring lease rate, weighted by fleet composition. The average renewal lease term is reported in months and reflects the average renewal lease term of railcar types in the LPI, weighted by fleet composition.

Rail North America Fleet Data

The following table shows fleet activity for Rail North America railcars, excluding boxcars, for the quarter ended:


	March 31 2018		June 30 2018		September 30 2018		December 31 2018		March 31 2019		March 31 2019		June 30 2019		September 30 2019		December 31 2019		March 31 2020
Beginning balance	103,730		102,597		102,890		103,420		105,472		105,472		104,830		103,554		103,255		102,845
Cars added	1,226		1,231		1,381		3,120		617		617		661		902		965		883
Cars scrapped	(673	)	(720	)	(431	)	(387	)	(662	)	(662	)	(377	)	(513	)	(620	)	(389	)
Cars sold	(1,686	)	(218	)	(420	)	(681	)	(597	)	(597	)	(1,560	)	(688	)	(755	)	(781	)
Ending balance	102,597		102,890		103,420		105,472		104,830		104,830		103,554		103,255		102,845		102,558
Utilization rate at quarter end	98.2	%	98.9	%	99.2	%	99.4	%	99.4	%	99.4	%	99.5	%	99.2	%	99.3	%	99.0	%
Average active railcars	101,208		101,330		102,056		103,387		104,613		104,613		104,089		102,653		102,309		101,668

The following table shows fleet statistics for Rail North America boxcars for the quarter ended:


	March 31 2018		June 30 2018		September 30 2018		December 31 2018		March 31 2019		March 31 2019		June 30 2019		September 30 2019		December 31 2019		March 31 2020
Ending balance	16,227		16,007		15,859		16,220		16,006		16,006		15,921		15,803		15,264		15,026
Utilization	93.5	%	92.8	%	94.7	%	94.2	%	95.2	%	95.2	%	94.1	%	93.5	%	95.0	%	94.6	%

Comparison of the First Three Months of ~~2019~~2020 to the First Three Months of ~~2018~~2019

Segment Profit

In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, segment profit of ~~$68.4~~$72.0 million ~~decreased 37.2%~~increased 5.3% compared to ~~$108.9~~$68.4 million for the same period in the prior year. The ~~decrease~~increase was ~~driven by lower~~a result of higher net gains on asset dispositions in the current ~~year.~~year, offset by lower lease revenue and higher maintenance expense. The timing of asset remarketing income varies throughout the year.

Revenues

In the first quarter of ~~2019~~2020, lease revenue ~~increased $1.4~~decreased $8.8 million, or ~~0.6%~~4.0%, primarily due to ~~more railcars on lease, including the railcars acquired from ECN Capital Corporation.~~lower revenue across railcar categories. Other revenue ~~increased $11.6~~decreased $3.8 million due to ~~higher repair revenue and higher~~lower lease termination fees, ~~in the current year, which included reimbursement for damage to a group of returned railcars that were subsequently scrapped.~~partially offset by higher repair revenue.

Expenses

In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, maintenance expense ~~was comparable~~increased $4.1 million, primarily due to ~~prior year. More~~more tank qualifications ~~were completed in the current year, as expected, but were offset by lower costs for other fleet repairs, due in part to high renewal success.~~performed and higher assignment-related costs. Depreciation expense ~~increased $2.8~~decreased $0.7 million, ~~due to~~driven by the timing of new railcar investments ~~including the railcars acquired from ECN Capital Corporation.~~and dispositions. Operating lease expense ~~increased $0.7~~decreased $0.4 million, resulting from the ~~elimination~~purchase of ~~the deferred gain amortization for sale-leaseback transactions in accordance with the new lease standard. See "Note 2.~~ ~~Basis of Presentation" and "Note 4.~~ ~~Leases" in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for further detail regarding the impact of the new lease accounting standard.~~railcars previously on operating leases. Other operating expense ~~decreased $0.5~~increased $0.2 million due to ~~lower~~higher switching, freight, and ~~freight costs resulting from higher utilization.~~storage costs.

Other Income (Expense)

In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, net gain on asset dispositions ~~decreased $45.9~~increased $18.6 million, attributable to ~~fewer~~more railcars and locomotives sold and lower net scrapping ~~gains~~losses in the current year. ~~The lower net scrapping gains were due to fewer railcars scrapped and lower scrap prices, as well as a scrapping loss related to the lease termination noted above.~~ Net interest expense ~~increased $4.0~~decreased $0.9 million, driven by the absence of fees associated with a ~~higher average interest rate and a higher average debt balance as a result~~securitized line of ~~investment volume~~credit terminated in ~~both years.~~the prior year.

Investment Volume

During the first ~~quarter~~three months of ~~2019,~~2020, investment volume was ~~$99.0~~$110.9 million compared to ~~$136.5~~$99.0 million in the same period in ~~2018.~~2019. We acquired ~~412~~738 newly built railcars and purchased ~~266~~7 railcars in the secondary market in the first three months of ~~2019,~~2020, compared to ~~1,095~~412 newly built railcars and 266 railcars purchased in the secondary market in the same period in ~~2018.~~2019.

Our investment volume is predominantly composed of acquired railcars, but also includes certain capitalized repairs and improvements to owned railcars and our maintenance facilities. As a result, the dollar value of investment volume does not necessarily correspond to the number of railcars acquired in any given period. In addition, the comparability of amounts invested and the number of railcars acquired in each period is impacted by the mix of railcars purchased, which may include tank cars and freight cars, as well as newly manufactured railcars or those purchased in the secondary market.

RAIL INTERNATIONAL

Segment Summary

Rail International, composed primarily of GATX Rail Europe ("GRE"), ~~produced~~continued to produce strong operating results in the first three months of ~~2019. In Europe, the~~2020. The lease rate environment ~~improved~~in Europe was strong during the first quarter and demand for railcars was stable. The impact of COVID-19 on GRE's first quarter results was not significant, but the rapid weakening of the Polish Zloty at the end of the quarter did have a negative impact on GRE's first quarter reported results. GRE began to see impacts of COVID-19 late in the first quarter as demand across the industries we serve began to decline. Further, certain of our customers have requested deferral of lease payments, lease rate reductions, and delays in the timing of new ~~cars was steady.~~ railcar deliveries. GRE expects these factors to negatively impact our railcar utilization and lease rates, which will impact our future operating results, the magnitude and duration of which cannot be determined at this time.

Railcar utilization for GRE was ~~98.9%~~98.5% at March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, compared to ~~98.8%~~99.3% at the end of the prior quarter and ~~96.7%~~98.9% at March 31, ~~2018.~~2019. Utilization is calculated as the number of railcars on lease as a percentage of total railcars in the fleet. In addition, Rail India ~~and Rail Russia~~ benefited from more cars on lease as ~~they continue~~it continues to expand ~~their fleets.~~its fleet.

The following table shows Rail International's segment results (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31						Three Months Ended March 31
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	52.2		$	52.4		$	58.3		$	52.2
Other revenue	2.0			2.0			1.8			2.0
Total Revenues	54.2			54.4			60.1			54.2

Expenses
Maintenance expense	12.1			12.5			12.9			12.1
Depreciation expense	14.0			14.1			15.5			14.0
Other operating expense	1.5			1.5			1.8			1.5
Total Expenses	27.6			28.1			30.2			27.6

Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	0.4			1.6			0.1			0.4
Interest expense, net	(9.9		)	(8.7		)	(10.6		)	(9.9		)
Other income (expense)	(2.3		)	(0.2		)
Other expense							(5.5		)	(2.3		)
Segment Profit	$	14.8		$	19.0		$	13.9		$	14.8

Investment Volume	$	33.1		$	29.5		$	69.3		$	33.1

The following table shows fleet activity for GRE railcars for the quarter ended:


	March 31 2018		June 30 2018		September 30 2018		December 31 2018		March 31 2019		March 31 2019		June 30 2019		September 30 2019		December 31 2019		March 31 2020
Beginning balance	23,166		23,004		23,124		23,234		23,412		23,412		23,531		23,967		24,211		24,561
Cars added	63		245		258		281		185		185		491		325		416		871
Cars scrapped or sold	(225	)	(125	)	(148	)	(103	)	(66	)	(66	)	(55	)	(81	)	(66	)	(80	)
Ending balance	23,004		23,124		23,234		23,412		23,531		23,531		23,967		24,211		24,561		25,352
Utilization rate at quarter end	96.7	%	97.8	%	98.4	%	98.8	%	98.9	%	98.9	%	98.9	%	99.4	%	99.3	%	98.5	%
Average active railcars	22,327		22,407		22,759		22,949		23,105		23,105		23,480		23,877		24,216		24,622

Comparison of the First Three Months of ~~2019~~2020 to the First Three Months of ~~2018~~2019

Foreign Currency

Rail International's reported financial results ~~of operations~~ are impacted by fluctuations in the exchange rates of the U.S. dollar versus foreign currencies in which it conducts business, primarily the euro. In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, a weaker euro, relative to the U.S. dollar negatively impacted lease revenue by approximately ~~$4.0~~$1.4 million and segment profit, excluding other income (expense), by approximately ~~$2.0~~$0.6 million compared to the same period in ~~2018.~~2019.

Segment Profit

In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, segment profit of $13.9 million decreased 6.1% compared to $14.8 million ~~decreased 22.1% compared to $19.0 million~~for the same period in the prior ~~year, driven by~~year. The decrease was largely due to the negative impact of changes in foreign exchange rates ~~and litigation costs related to the Viareggio matter incurred in the current year,~~on non-functional currency items, partially offset by byhigher lease revenue from more railcars on ~~leases.~~lease.

Revenues

In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, lease revenue ~~decreased $0.2~~increased $6.1 million, or ~~0.4%~~11.7%, ~~as the revenue from~~due to more railcars on lease, ~~was more than offset by the impact of foreign exchange rates. Other revenue was comparable to the prior year.~~

~~Expenses~~

In the first quarter of 2019, maintenance expense decreased $0.4 million, primarily due to lower workshop costs, including reduced expenses associated with the maintenance facility in Germany that was closed in the prior year, as well as the impact of foreign exchange rates. These positive impacts were offset by higher wheelset costs and other repairs. Depreciation expense was comparable to the prior year as the impact of new railcars added to the fleet waspartially offset by the impact of foreign exchange rates.

~~Other Income (Expense)~~Expenses

In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, maintenance expense increased $0.8 million, driven by higher wheelset costs and other repairs, partially offset by lower workshop costs. Depreciation expense increased $1.5 million due to new railcars added to the fleet, partially offset by the impact of foreign exchange rates.

Other Income (Expense)

In the first quarter of 2020, net gain on asset dispositions decreased ~~$1.2~~$0.3 million, attributable to lower railcar scrapping ~~gains, due to fewer railcars scrapped in the current year.~~gains. Net interest expense increased ~~$1.2~~$0.7 million, due to a higher average debt balance, partially offset by a lower average interest ~~rate and a higher average debt balance.~~rate. Other expense increased ~~$2.1~~$3.2 million, largely due to ~~litigation costs related to the Viareggio matter incurred in the current year and~~ the negative impact of changes in foreign exchange rates on non-functional currency items.

Investment Volume

InDuring the first ~~quarter~~three months of ~~2019,~~2020, investment volume was ~~$33.1~~$69.3 million compared to ~~$29.5~~$33.1 million in the same period in ~~2018.~~2019. In the first three months of ~~2019,~~2020, GRE acquired ~~185~~443 newly built railcars and purchased 428 railcars in the secondary market and Rail India acquired ~~368~~229 railcars compared to 63185 newly built railcars at GRE 47and 368 railcars at Rail India ~~and 10 at Rail Russia in~~for the same period in ~~2018.~~2019.

Our investment volume is predominantly composed of acquired railcars, but may also include certain capitalized repairs and improvements to owned railcars. As a result, the dollar value of investment volume does not necessarily correspond to the number of railcars acquired in any given period. In addition, the comparability of amounts invested and the number of railcars acquired in each period is impacted by the mix of the various car types acquired, as well as fluctuations in the exchange rates of the foreign currencies in which Rail International conducts business.

PORTFOLIO MANAGEMENT

Segment Summary

Portfolio Management's segment profit is attributable primarily ~~attributable~~ to income from the RRPF affiliates, a group of 50% owned domestic and foreign joint ventures with Rolls-Royce plc (or affiliates thereof, collectively "Rolls-Royce"), a leading manufacturer of commercial aircraft jet engines. Segment profit included earnings from the RRPF affiliates of ~~$18.2~~$23.4 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, compared to ~~$17.4~~$18.2 million for the same period in ~~2018.~~2019. As of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the RRPF affiliates owned 478 aircraft spare engines with a net book value of $5,007.0 million, compared to 478 aircraft spare engines with a net book value of $5,036.4 million at December 31, 2019 and 462 aircraft spare engines with a net book value of ~~approximately~~ $4,538.7 million, compared to 452 aircraft spare engines with a net book value of approximately $4,435.6 million at December 31, 2018 and 437 aircraft spare engines with a net book value of approximately $3,753.4 million at March 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

The RRPF affiliates continued to perform well in the first quarter, as utilization of its aircraft spare engines remained strong. However, the RRPF affiliates began to see the impact of COVID-19 in March as global air travel was significantly reduced. Certain of our customers have requested deferral of lease payments and lease rate reductions. We expect COVID-19 to have a negative impact on engine utilization and lease rates. Further, we anticipate secondary market activity to be more limited in the near term. All of these factors will put pressure on our future operating results, the magnitude and duration of which cannot be determined at this time.

Portfolio Management also owns marine assets, consisting primarily of five liquefied gas-carrying vessels (the ~~"Norgas~~"Specialized Gas Vessels"). During the second quarter of 2019, the prior commercial management agreement with Norgas Carriers Private Limited, and related pooling arrangement, was terminated, and we entered into a new agreement with Anthony Veder Group B.V. ("Veder") to commercially manage these vessels. The ~~Norgas~~Specialized Gas Vessels ~~specialize in the~~are utilized to transport of pressurized gases and chemicals, such as liquefied petroleum gas, liquefied natural gas, and ethylene, primarily on ~~shorter-term~~short-term spot contracts for major oil and chemical customers worldwide.

During the first quarter of 2020, utilization of the Specialized Gas Vessels was initially higher due to the new commercial management agreement with Veder. However, the demand for the Specialized Gas Vessels began to decline during the latter part of the quarter as the impacts of COVID-19 intensified. This trend is expected to continue and will likely have a negative impact on future results, the magnitude and duration of which cannot be determined at this time.

Portfolio Management's total asset base was $657.3 million at March 31, 2020, compared to $653.7 million at December 31, 2019, and $618.3 million at March 31, ~~2019, compared to $606.8 million at December 31, 2018, and $597.9 million at March 31, 2018.~~2019.

The following table shows Portfolio Management’s segment results (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31						Three Months Ended March 31
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	0.3		$	0.3		$	0.3		$	0.3
Marine operating revenue	2.4			4.4			3.3			2.4
Other revenue	0.1			0.1			—			0.1
Total Revenues	2.8			4.8			3.6			2.8

Expenses
Marine operating expense	4.6			4.3			4.1			4.6
Depreciation expense	1.6			1.8			1.3			1.6
Other operating expense	0.1			0.2			0.1			0.1
Total Expenses	6.3			6.3			5.5			6.3

Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	0.3			0.3			0.5			0.3
Interest expense, net	(2.7		)	(2.3		)	(2.9		)	(2.7		)
Share of affiliates' pre-tax income	18.2			17.4			23.8			18.2
Segment Profit	$	12.3		$	13.9		$	19.5		$	12.3

The following table shows the net book values of Portfolio Management's assets (in millions):


	March 31 2018		June 30 2018		September 30 2018		December 31 2018		March 31 2019		March 31 2019		June 30 2019		September 30 2019		December 31 2019		March 31 2020
Investment in RRPF Affiliates	$	449.1	$	462.1	$	474.8	$	464.3	$	479.8	$	479.8	$	495.6	$	506.5	$	512.4	$	532.2
Owned assets	148.8		143.9		140.1		142.5		138.5		138.5		133.2		133.1		141.3		125.1
Managed assets (1)	37.9		36.0		34.1		32.3		30.4		30.4		28.5		26.6		24.8		22.9

________


(1)	Amounts shown represent the estimated net book value of assets managed for third parties and are not included in our consolidated balance sheets.

RRPF Affiliates Engine Portfolio Data

The following table shows portfolio activity for the RRPF affiliates' aircraft spare engines for the quarter ended:


	March 31 2018		June 30 2018		September 30 2018		December 31 2018		March 31 2019		March 31 2019		June 30 2019		September 30 2019		December 31 2019		March 31 2020
Beginning balance	432		437		449		439		452		452		462		461		456		478
Engine acquisitions	9		17		3		19		11		11		3		5		27		8
Engine dispositions	(4	)	(5	)	(13	)	(6	)	(1	)	(1	)	(4	)	(10	)	(5	)	(8	)
Ending balance	437		449		439		452		462		462		461		456		478		478
Utilization rate at quarter end	94.5	%	94.7	%	96.8	%	96.9	%	96.8	%	96.8	%	97.0	%	95.6	%	96.9	%	95.8	%

Comparison of the First Three Months of ~~2019~~2020 to the First Three Months of ~~2018~~2019

Segment Profit

In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, segment profit was ~~$12.3~~$19.5 million, compared to ~~$13.9~~$12.3 million ~~for the same period~~ in the prior ~~year.~~year period. The ~~decrease~~increase reflects ~~a lower~~stronger results at the RRPF affiliates, as well as an improved contribution from the ~~Norgas Vessels, partially offset by higher RRPF affiliate income.~~Specialized Gas Vessels.

Revenues

In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, lease revenue was comparable to the same period in ~~2018.~~2019. Marine operating revenue ~~decreased $2.0~~increased $0.9 million, due to ~~lower~~higher revenue from the ~~Norgas~~Specialized Gas Vessels resulting from ~~lower~~higher utilization and ~~lower~~increased charter rates.

Expenses

In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, marine operating expense ~~increased $0.3~~decreased $0.5 million, due to ~~higher~~lower operating expenses and management fees for the ~~Norgas Vessels, partially offset by lower drydocking costs incurred in the current year.~~Specialized Gas Vessels.

Other Income (Expense)

In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, income from our share of affiliates' earnings increased ~~$0.8~~$5.6 million, driven by higher asset remarketing income and more engines on lease, ~~and an early termination fee recognized in the current year,~~partially offset by higher ~~interest expense and lower net disposition gains on engines sold.~~depreciation expense.

ASC

Segment Summary

ASC's operations are limited during the first three months of each year, ~~due to winter conditions on~~and the ~~Great Lakes.~~majority of operating results are from the completion of the prior year sailing season in January. During the first ~~quarter~~three months of ~~2019,~~2020, ASC benefited from favorable ~~sailing~~operating conditions in January and ~~deployed several vessels earlier than planned in March. In~~ongoing demand to finish the ~~first quarter of~~ 2019 sailing season. ASC carried ~~1.2~~1.0 million net tons of freight in the first three months of 2020, compared to ~~0.9~~1.2 million net tons during the ~~first quarter of 2018.~~same period in 2019.

~~In February 2019, one~~COVID-19 began to impact ASC's operations during March. The idling of various industries, including the auto industry, has significantly decreased demand for iron ore, and demand for coal continues to decline. While the sailing season began at the end of March, ASC currently has only 7 of its 11 vessels deployed, reflective of an expectation of lower tonnage demand. It is expected that COVID-19 will have a negative impact on the deployment of ASC's vessels, ~~was damaged by a fire during winter maintenance. Management~~overall demand, and future operating results, the magnitude and duration of which cannot be determined at this time.

On February 7, 2020, we entered into an agreement to sell ASC. The sale is ~~assessing~~subject to customary closing conditions. See "Note 25. Subsequent Events" in Part II, Item 8 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the ~~extent~~year ended December 31, 2019 and "Note 16. Subsequent Events" in Item 1 of ~~the damage and does not believe that the ultimate impact will have a material adverse effect on operations or cash flows.~~this Form 10-Q for additional information.

The following table shows ASC’s segment results (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31						Three Months Ended March 31
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Revenues
Lease revenue	$	1.0		$	1.0		$	1.0		$	1.0
Marine operating revenue	10.7			9.8			8.5			10.7
Total Revenues	11.7			10.8			9.5			11.7

Expenses
Maintenance expense	0.3			0.6			0.8			0.3
Marine operating expense	7.5			8.2			6.3			7.5
Depreciation expense	—			—
Operating lease expense	—			—
Total Expenses	7.8			8.8			7.1			7.8

Other Income (Expense)
Net gain on asset dispositions	—			0.1
Interest expense, net	(1.4		)	(1.3		)	(1.3		)	(1.4		)
Other expense							(0.2		)	—
Segment Profit	$	2.5		$	0.8		$	0.9		$	2.5

Investment Volume	$	14.5		$	11.7		$	13.7		$	14.5
Total Net Tons Carried (000's)	1,198			939			972			1,198

Comparison of the First Three Months of ~~2019~~2020 to the First Three Months of ~~2018~~2019

Segment Profit

In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, segment profit was ~~$2.5~~$0.9 million, compared to ~~$0.8~~$2.5 million for the same period in ~~2018.~~the prior year. The ~~increase~~decrease was driven by ~~higher revenue, due to favorable~~lower volume, partially offset by lower marine operating ~~conditions in January and the early deployment of vessels in March.~~expense.

Revenues

In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, marine operating revenue ~~increased $0.9~~decreased $2.2 million, or ~~9.2%~~20.6%, primarily due to ~~higher~~lower volume resulting from ~~more favorable sailing conditions compared to~~lower demand in the ~~prior~~current year.

Expenses

In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, maintenance expense ~~was comparable to prior year.~~increased $0.5 million, driven by higher operating repairs. Marine operating expense decreased ~~$0.7~~$1.2 million, primarily due to fewer operating ~~days and more efficient fleet performance.~~days.

Investment Volume

ASC's investments in each period consisted of structural and mechanical improvements to our vessels.

OTHER

Other comprises selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A"), unallocated interest expense, and miscellaneous income and expense not directly associated with the reporting segments and eliminations.

The following table shows components of Other (in millions):


	Three Months Ended March 31						Three Months Ended March 31
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Selling, general and administrative expense	$	46.1		$	44.9		$	42.4		$	46.1
Unallocated interest (income) expense	(1.7		)	(2.6		)	(1.3		)	(1.7		)
Other expense (income), including eliminations	0.2			0.2			1.7			0.2

SG&A, Unallocated Interest and Other

SG&A ~~increased $1.2~~decreased $3.7 million for the first three months of ~~2019~~2020 compared to the same period in ~~2018.~~the prior year. The ~~increase~~decrease was primarily due to ~~higher~~lower employee compensation ~~expenses, partially offset by lower information technology~~ expenses. ~~SG&A was positively impacted by the absence of accelerated depreciation recorded in the prior year related to the early termination of the office lease for our corporate headquarters.~~

Unallocated interest expense (the difference between external interest expense and interest expense allocated to the reporting ~~segments )~~segments) in any year is affected by our consolidated leverage position, the timing of debt issuances and investing activities, and intercompany allocations.

Other expense (income), including eliminations ~~was comparable~~increased $1.5 million for the first three months of 2020 compared to the same period in the prior year. The increase was driven by higher non-service pension expense in the current year, as well as the negative impact of foreign exchange rates on a foreign pension plan.

Consolidated Income Taxes

See "Note 8. 10. Income Taxes" in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.

CASH FLOW AND LIQUIDITY

We generate a significant amount of cash from operating activities and investment portfolio proceeds. We also access domestic and international capital markets by issuing unsecured or secured debt and commercial paper. We use these resources, along with available cash balances, to fulfill our debt, lease, and dividend obligations, to support our share repurchase programs, and to fund portfolio investments and capital additions. We primarily use cash from operations to fund daily operations.

The timing of asset dispositions and changes in working capital impact cash flows from portfolio proceeds and operations. As a result, these cash flow components may vary materially from quarter to quarter and year to year.

Although COVID-19 did not have a significant impact on our first quarter operating results, we expect COVID-19 to have a negative impact on future operating results. We expect COVID-19 to have an impact on our customers, including their ability to make their lease payments timely, as well as their willingness to renew existing leases or enter into new lease contracts. Already, certain customers have begun to request relief through deferral of lease payments, lease rate reductions, and new car order postponement. All of this will place increasing pressure on our cash flow and liquidity. We have a strong liquidity position, balance sheet, and access to capital that we expect will enable GATX to effectively manage through the COVID-19 pandemic. We have taken certain steps to mitigate future risks and to support our future liquidity needs, including the draw of $250 million on our 3-year credit facility. We also have a $600 million, 5-year unsecured credit facility in the U.S. that matures in 2024 that remains fully available. As of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, we had an unrestricted cash balance of ~~$248.4~~$570.7 million.

The following table shows our principal sources and uses of cash for the three months ended March 31 (in millions):


	2019			2018			2020			2019
Principal sources of cash
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	64.3		$	77.2		$	53.0		$	64.3
Portfolio proceeds	41.5			123.2			63.6			41.5
Other asset sales	6.5			8.8			6.7			6.5
Proceeds from issuance of debt, commercial paper, and credit facilities	495.2			—			870.7			495.2
Total	$	607.5		$	209.2		$	994.0		$	607.5

Principal uses of cash
Portfolio investments and capital additions	$	(147.3	)	$	(178.4	)	$	(194.7	)	$	(147.3	)
Repayments of debt, commercial paper, and credit facilities	(254.7		)	(11.8		)	(350.0		)	(254.7		)
Purchases of assets previously leased	—			(39.1		)
Payments on capital lease obligations	(0.3		)	(0.3		)
Payments on finance lease obligations							(7.9		)	(0.3		)
Stock repurchases	(38.1		)	(25.0		)	—			(38.1		)
Dividends	(19.2		)	(18.6		)	(19.0		)	(19.2		)
Total	$	(459.6	)	$	(273.2	)	$	(571.6	)	$	(459.6	)

Net cash provided by operating activities for the first three months of ~~$64.3~~2020 was $53.0 million, ~~decreased $12.9~~a decrease of $11.3 million compared to ~~2018.~~the same period in 2019. Comparability among reporting periods is impacted by the timing of changes in working capital items. ~~Higher~~Specifically, cash payments were higher in the current year for interest expense, income taxes, operating ~~lease~~leases, and ~~compensation-related payments were~~maintenance expenses, partially offset by lower ~~interest and income tax~~employee compensation payments ~~for the first three months of 2019 as~~ compared to the prior ~~year period.~~year.

Portfolio proceeds primarily consist of proceeds from sales of operating assets ~~loan~~ and finance lease receipts, ~~and~~as well as capital distributions from affiliates. Portfolio proceeds of ~~$41.5~~$63.6 million for the three months of ~~2019 decreased~~2020 increased by ~~$81.7~~$22.1 million from the prior year, primarily due to ~~lower~~higher proceeds from railcar and locomotive sales ~~of railcars~~ at Rail North America.

Proceeds from the issuance of debt for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 were ~~$495.2~~$870.7 million (net of hedges and debt issuance costs)~~, compared to zero in the same period in 2018.~~. In the first quarter of ~~2019,~~2020, we ~~issued $500.0~~entered into a $500 million, ~~of 10-year unsecured debt.~~ 364-day, floating rate term loan in the U.S. and a €100 million 5-year bilateral term loan in Europe. We also drew the full $250 million on our 3-year credit facility.

Debt repayments of ~~$254.7~~$350.0 million for the first three months of ~~2019~~2020 were ~~$242.9~~$95.3 million higher than prior year. Repayments in the current year ~~included~~consisted of scheduled maturity ~~payments and the early retirement of certain debt obligations.~~payments.

Portfolio investments and capital additions primarily consist of purchases of operating assets, investments in affiliates, and capitalized asset improvements. Portfolio investments and capital additions of ~~$147.3~~$194.7 million for the first three months of ~~2019 decreased $31.1~~2020 increased $47.4 million compared to ~~2018,~~2019, due to ~~fewer freight cars acquired at Rail North America, partially offset by~~ more railcars acquired at Rail ~~International.~~

~~We did not purchase any assets previously leased during the first three months of 2019, compared to 2,467 railcars for $39.1 million in 2018.~~International and Rail North America.

On January 25, 2019, our board of directors approved a $300.0 million share repurchase program, pursuant to which we are authorized to purchase shares of our common stock in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise, including pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 plans. ~~During~~The share repurchase program does not have an expiration date, does not obligate the Company to repurchase any dollar amount or number of shares of common stock, and may be suspended or discontinued at any time. The timing of repurchases will be dependent on market conditions and other factors. No share repurchases were completed during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, we repurchased~~2020, compared to 0.5 million shares of common stock for $40.0 million (of

which $38.1 million settled prior to quarter-end)~~, compared to 0.4 million shares of common stock for $25.0 million~~ in the first three months of ~~2018.~~2019. Actual cash payments in any period consist of those transactions that settled during the current period. As of March 31, ~~2019, $260.0~~2020, $150.0 million remained available under the repurchase authorization.

Contractual and Other Commercial Commitments

The following table shows our contractual commitments, including debt principal and related interest payments, lease payments, and purchase commitments at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 (in millions):


	Payments Due by Period														Payments Due by Period
	Total		2019 (1)		2020		2021		2022		2023		Thereafter		Total		2020 (1)		2021		2022		2023		2024		Thereafter
Recourse debt	$	4,811.7	$	250.0	$	350.0	$	661.7	$	250.0	$	250.0	$	3,050.0	$	5,069.2	$	—	$	1,100.0	$	250.0	$	250.0	$	526.1	$	2,943.1
Interest on recourse debt (2)	2,040.6		150.8		181.4		169.5		144.7		133.5		1,260.7		1,897.4		132.8		179.5		159.3		147.9		135.8		1,142.1
Commercial paper and credit facilities	15.9		15.9		—		—		—		—		—		275.5		25.5		—		250.0		—		—		—
Finance lease obligations, including interest	11.1		11.1		—		—		—		—		—
Operating lease obligations	551.2		35.2		68.0		66.3		57.5		54.7		269.5		474.9		29.7		64.5		56.5		54.6		50.1		219.5
Purchase commitments (3)	2,219.5		590.5		471.9		377.0		385.4		394.7		—		1,705.5		601.9		365.6		365.3		372.7		—		—
Total	$	9,650.0	$	1,053.5	$	1,071.3	$	1,274.5	$	837.6	$	832.9	$	4,580.2	$	9,422.5	$	789.9	$	1,709.6	$	1,081.1	$	825.2	$	712.0	$	4,304.7

__________


(1)	For the remainder of the year.


(2)	For floating rate debt, future interest payments are based on the applicable interest rate as of March 31, ~~2019.~~2020.


(3)	Primarily railcar purchase commitments. The amounts shown for all years are based on management's estimates of the timing, anticipated car types, and related costs of railcars to be purchased under its agreements.

In 2014, we entered into a long-term supply agreement with Trinity Rail Group, LLC ("Trinity"), a subsidiary of Trinity Industries. Under the terms of that agreement, we ~~may~~agreed to order ~~up to~~ 8,950 newly built ~~railcars over a four-year period from March, 2016 through March, 2020. We may order either tank or freight cars; however, the majority of the order will be for tank cars.~~railcars. As of March 31, ~~2019, 8,250~~2020, all 8,950 railcars have been ordered, of which ~~6,168~~7,769 railcars have been delivered. On May 24, 2018, we amended our long-term supply agreement with Trinity to extend the term to December ~~2023. We~~2023, and we agreed to purchase an additional 4,800 tank cars (1,200 per year) beginning in January 2020 and continuing through the expiration of the extended term. At March 31, 2020, 1,211 railcars have been ordered, of which 312 railcars have been delivered, pursuant to the amended terms of the agreement.

~~On July 30,~~In 2018, we entered into a multi-year railcar supply agreement with American Railcar Industries, Inc. ("ARI"), pursuant to which we will purchase 7,650 newly built railcars. The order encompasses a mix of tank and freight cars that are to be delivered over a five-year period, beginning in April 2019. ~~ARI will deliver~~ARI's railcar manufacturing business was subsequently acquired by The Greenbrier Companies, Inc. ("Greenbrier") on July 26, 2019, and Greenbrier assumed all of ARI's obligations under our long-term supply agreement. Under this agreement 450 railcars were to be delivered in 2019, with the remaining 7,200 to be delivered ratably over the four-year period of 2020 to 2023. As of March 31, 2020, 3,107 railcars have been ordered, of which 746 have been delivered. The agreement also includes an option to order up to an additional 4,400 railcars subject to certain restrictions.

Short-Term Borrowings

The following table shows additional information regarding our short-term borrowings for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019:~~2020:


	North America (1)			Europe (2)			Europe (1)
Balance as of March 31 (in millions)	$	—		$	15.9		$	25.5
Weighted-average interest rate	n/a			0.6		%	0.9		%
Euro/dollar exchange rate	n/a			1.12			1.10

Average daily amount outstanding during the first quarter (in millions)	$	38.9		$	10.8		$	18.5
Weighted-average interest rate	2.9		%	0.6		%	0.8		%
Average Euro/dollar exchange rate	n/a			1.14			1.10

Maximum daily amount outstanding (in millions)	$	130.0		$	19.3		$	30.9
Euro/dollar exchange rate	n/a			1.14			1.13

__________


(1)	~~Short-term borrowings in North America are composed of commercial paper issued in the U.S.~~


~~(2)~~	Short-term borrowings in Europe are composed of borrowings under bank credit facilities.

Credit Lines and Facilities

We have a $600 million, 5-year unsecured revolving credit facility in the ~~United States~~U.S. that matures in May ~~2023.~~2024. This credit facility contains two one-year extension options. As of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the full $600 million was available under ~~the~~this facility. Additionally, we have a $250 million ~~5-year secured railcar~~3-year unsecured revolving credit facility in the ~~United States with a 3-year revolving period~~U.S. that matures in May ~~2022.~~2022 and also has two one-year extension options. As of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the full $250 million was ~~available under~~drawn on this facility.

Our European subsidiaries have unsecured credit facilities with an aggregate limit of €35.0 million. As of March 31, 2020, €11.9 million was available under these credit facilities.

Restrictive Covenants

Our $600 million revolving credit facility ~~contains~~and $250 million revolving credit facility contain various restrictive covenants, including requirements to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio and an asset coverage test. Some of our bank term loans have the same financial covenants as the facility.

The indentures for our public debt also contain various restrictive covenants, including limitations on liens provisions that restrict the amount of additional secured indebtedness that we may incur. Additionally, certain exceptions to the covenants permit us to incur an unlimited amount of purchase money and nonrecourse indebtedness.

At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, our European rail subsidiaries had ~~one~~ outstanding term loan ~~agreement, which is~~and private placement debt balances totaling €380.0 million. The loans are guaranteed by GATX ~~Corporation.~~Corporation and are subject to the same restrictive covenants as the revolving credit facility noted above.

At March 31, 2020, we were in compliance with all covenants and conditions of all of our credit agreements. We do not anticipate any covenant violations nor do we expect that any of these covenants will restrict our operations or our ability to obtain additional financing. ~~At March 31, 2019, we were in compliance with all covenants and conditions of all of our credit agreements.~~

Credit Ratings

The global capital market environment and outlook may affect our funding options and our financial performance. Our access to capital markets at competitive rates depends on our credit rating and rating outlook, as determined by rating agencies. As of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, our long-term unsecured debt was rated BBB by Standard & Poor's and Baa2 by Moody’s Investor Service and our short-term unsecured debt was rated A-2 by Standard & Poor's and P-2 by Moody’s Investor Service. Our rating outlook from both agencies was stable.

Leverage

Leverage is expressed as a ratio of debt (including debt and lease obligations, net of unrestricted cash) to equity. The following table shows the components of recourse leverage (in millions, except recourse leverage ratio):



	March 31 2020			December 31 2019			September 30 2019			June 30 2019			March 31 2019
Debt and lease obligations, net of unrestricted cash:
Unrestricted cash	$	(570.7	)	$	(151.0	)	$	(48.6	)	$	(286.6	)	$	(248.4	)
Commercial paper and bank credit facilities	275.5			15.8			112.0			26.0			15.9
Recourse debt	5,043.7			4,780.4			4,580.2			4,832.5			4,768.1
Operating lease obligations	399.3			432.3			440.3			454.5			456.3
Finance lease obligations	—			7.9			—			10.6			11.0
Total debt and lease obligations, net of unrestricted cash	$	5,147.8		$	5,085.4		$	5,083.9		$	5,037.0		$	5,002.9

Total recourse debt (1)	$	5,147.8		$	5,085.4		$	5,083.9		$	5,037.0		$	5,002.9
Shareholders' Equity	$	1,831.0		$	1,835.1		$	1,786.5		$	1,834.8		$	1,809.2
Recourse Leverage (2)	2.8			2.8			2.8			2.7			2.8

________


(1)	Includes recourse debt, commercial paper and bank credit facilities, and operating and finance lease obligations, net of unrestricted cash.


(2)	Calculated as total recourse debt / shareholder's equity.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

~~The adoption of the new lease accounting standard required changes to certain policies and estimates related to our lease accounting as lessee and lessor. See "Note 4.~~ ~~Leases" in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for further details. Other than these impacts, there~~There have been no changes to our critical accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. Refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, for a summary of our policies.

NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES

In addition to financial results reported in accordance with GAAP, we compute certain financial measures using non-GAAP components, as defined by the SEC. These measures are not in accordance with, or a substitute for, GAAP, and our financial measures may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies. We have provided a reconciliation of our non-GAAP components to the most directly comparable GAAP components.

Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Components Used in the Computation of Certain Financial Measures

Net Income Measures

We exclude the effects of certain tax adjustments and other items for purposes of presenting net income, diluted earnings per share, and return on equity because we believe these items are not attributable to our business operations. Management utilizes net income, excluding tax adjustments and other items, when analyzing financial performance because such amounts reflect the underlying operating results that are within management’s ability to influence. Accordingly, we believe presenting this information provides investors and other users of our financial statements with meaningful supplemental information for purposes of analyzing year-to-year financial performance on a comparable basis and assessing trends.

There were no tax adjustments and other items impacting net income or diluted earnings per share for either the first quarter of ~~2019~~2020 or ~~2018.~~2019. However, we did have tax adjustments and other items impacting net income in other periods used in the calculation of the applicable measures for the trailing 12 months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018.~~2019.

The following table shows our net income and return on equity, excluding tax adjustments and other items, for the trailing 12 months ended March 31 (in millions):


	2019			2018			2020			2019
Net income (GAAP)	$	176.5		$	520.8		$	216.0		$	176.5
Adjustments attributable to consolidated pre-tax income:
Costs attributable to the closure of a maintenance facility at Rail International (1)	9.5			—
Net gain on wholly owned Portfolio Management marine investments (2)	—			(1.8		)
Net casualty gain at ASC (1)							(10.5		)	—
Costs attributable to the closure of a maintenance facility at Rail International (2)							—			9.5
Total adjustments attributable to consolidated pre-tax income	$	9.5		$	(1.8	)	$	(10.5	)	$	9.5
Income taxes thereon, based on applicable effective tax rate	$	(3.1	)	$	0.7		$	2.4		$	(3.1	)

Other income tax adjustments attributable to consolidated income:
Impact of the Tax Act (3)	(16.5		)	(315.9		)
Income tax rate change (3)							(2.8		)	—
Impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (4)							—			(16.5		)
Foreign tax credit utilization ~~(4)~~(5)	(1.4		)	—			—			(1.4		)
Total other income tax adjustments attributable to consolidated income	$	(17.9	)	$	(315.9	)	$	(2.8	)	$	(17.9	)

Net income, excluding tax adjustments and other items (non-GAAP)	$	165.0		$	203.8		$	205.1		$	165.0
Return on Equity (GAAP)	9.7		%	32.3		%	11.9		%	9.7		%
Return on Equity, excluding tax adjustments and other items (non-GAAP) (5)	11.0		%	14.0		%
Return on Equity, excluding tax adjustments and other items (non-GAAP) (6)							13.8		%	11.0		%

_______


(1)	Net casualty gain attributable to insurance recovery for a vessel at ASC.


(2)	Expenses ~~attributable~~related to the closure of a maintenance facility.


~~(2)~~(3)	~~In 2015, we made the decision~~Deferred income tax adjustment due to ~~exit the majority of our non-core, marine investments within our Portfolio Management segment. As a result, we recorded gains and losses associated with the impairments and sales of these investments.~~an enacted corporate income tax rate decrease in Alberta, Canada.


~~(3)~~(4)	~~Amounts~~Amount attributable to the impact of corporate income tax changes enacted by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "Tax Act").


~~(4)~~(5)	Benefits attributable to the utilization of foreign tax credits.


~~(5)~~(6)	Shareholders' equity used in this calculation excludes the increases resulting from the impact of the Tax ~~Act.~~Act, as described above.

~~Balance Sheet Measures~~

A portion of our North American railcar fleet is financed through sale-leasebacks that are accounted for as operating leases. Prior to 2019, these railcar assets were not recorded on the balance sheet. Under the new lease accounting standard adopted on January 1, 2019, GATX records these railcar operating leases on the balance sheet as right-of-use assets with corresponding amounts for operating lease liabilities.

Prior to 2019, we reported total on- and off-balance sheet assets in our calculation of total assets (as adjusted) because we believed it provided investors a more comprehensive representation of the magnitude of the assets we operated and that drove our financial performance. In addition, this calculation of total assets (as adjusted) provided consistency with other non-financial information we disclosed about our fleet, including the number of railcars in the fleet, average number of cars on lease, and utilization. We also provide information regarding our leverage ratios, which are expressed as a ratio of debt (including off-balance sheet debt) to equity. The off-balance sheet debt amount in this calculation was the equivalent of the off-balance sheet asset amount. We believe reporting this corresponding off-balance sheet debt amount provided investors and other users of our financial statements with a more comprehensive representation of our debt obligations, leverage, and capital structure.

~~Because the railcar operating lease assets and associated liabilities are now recorded on the balance sheet, beginning in 2019, the prior non-GAAP measure is no longer required.~~

~~The following table shows total balance sheet assets (in millions):~~

March 31
2019 December 31
2018 September 30
2018 June 30
2018 March 31
2018
Total assets (GAAP) $ 8,240.2
$ 7,616.7
$ 7,517.4
$ 7,495.5
$ 7,468.0
Off-balance sheet assets (1):
Rail North America —
430.2
432.6
401.7
411.7
Total off-balance sheet assets $ —
$ 430.2
$ 432.6
$ 401.7
$ 411.7

Total assets, as adjusted (non-GAAP) $ 8,240.2
$ 8,046.9
$ 7,950.0
$ 7,897.2
$ 7,879.7

Shareholders’ Equity (GAAP) $ 1,809.2
$ 1,788.1
$ 1,838.0
$ 1,817.6
$ 1,839.7

~~________~~


~~(1)~~	~~Off-balance sheet assets apply to each of the quarters in 2018. In accordance with the new lease accounting standard, off-balance assets are no longer applicable beginning in 2019.~~

~~The following table shows the components of recourse leverage (in millions, except recourse leverage ratio):~~

March 31
2019 December 31
2018 September 30
2018 June 30
2018 March 31
2018
Debt and lease obligations, net of unrestricted cash:
Unrestricted cash $ (248.4 ) $ (100.2 ) $ (254.5 ) $ (237.4 ) $ (233.1 )
Commercial paper and bank credit facilities 15.9
110.8
—
4.3
4.4
Recourse debt 4,768.1
4,429.7
4,397.3
4,397.9
4,359.5
Operating lease obligations 456.3
—
—
—
—
Finance lease obligations 11.0
11.3
11.6
11.9
12.2
Total debt and lease obligations, net of unrestricted cash (GAAP) 5,002.9
4,451.6
4,154.4
4,176.7
4,143.0
Off-balance sheet recourse debt (1) —
430.2
432.6
401.7
411.7
Total debt and lease obligations, net of unrestricted cash, as adjusted (non-GAAP) $ 5,002.9
$ 4,881.8
$ 4,587.0
$ 4,578.4
$ 4,554.7

Total recourse debt (2) $ 5,002.9
$ 4,881.8
$ 4,587.0
$ 4,578.4
$ 4,554.7
Shareholders' Equity $ 1,809.2
$ 1,788.1
$ 1,838.0
$ 1,817.6
$ 1,839.7
Recourse Leverage (3) 2.8
2.7
2.5
2.5
2.5

~~________~~


~~(1)~~	Off-balance sheet recourse debt applies to each of the quarters in 2018. In accordance with the new lease accounting standard, off-balance sheet recourse debt is no longer applicable beginning in 2019.


~~(2)~~	~~Includes on- and off-balance sheet recourse debt, commercial paper and bank credit facilities, and operating and finance lease obligations, net of unrestricted cash.~~


~~(3)~~	~~Calculated as total recourse debt / shareholder's equity.~~

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Since December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, there have been no material changes in our interest rate and foreign currency exposures or types of derivative instruments used to hedge these exposures. For a discussion of our exposure to market risk, refer to "Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for for the year ended December 31, ~~2018.~~2019. The capital markets have been impacted by COVID-19, with recent debt transactions having generally higher credit spreads than similar transactions in 2019 and early 2020.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act")). Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this quarterly report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

~~We modified certain internal controls, as applicable, to effectively implement the changes to lease accounting and reporting upon the adoption of ASU 2016-02,~~ ~~Leases (Topic 842)~~. No ~~other~~ changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) occurred during the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Information concerning litigation and other contingencies is described in "Note ~~12.~~ 14.Legal Proceedings and Other ~~Contingencies"~~Contingencies" in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

~~Since~~The global COVID-19 pandemic has had an adverse impact on certain of our customers and others in industries that we serve and is beginning to adversely impact our operations and financial performance. We are unable to predict the extent to which the pandemic and measures taken in response to the pandemic will adversely affect our personnel, operations, commercial activity, asset values, financial position or liquidity in the future.

We depend on continued demand from our customers to lease or use our transportation assets and services and on our customers’ ability to pay for leased assets and services. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has caused, and is expected to continue to cause, the slowdown of economic activity around the world (including a decrease in demand for a broad variety of goods and services), disruptions in global supply chains, a dramatic reduction in air travel and significant volatility and disruption of financial markets. As a result, we and the RRPF affiliates have received an increased number of requests for payment deferrals, lease payment reductions and similar accommodations from certain railcar- and spare aircraft engine-leasing customers. The cancellation of most scheduled air travel has resulted in reduced demand for spare aircraft engines leased by RRPF. Cutbacks by steel manufacturers and other customers around the Great Lakes are expected to result in reduced shipments at our ASC segment. We are facing increased operational challenges from the need to protect employee health and safety, workplace disruptions and restrictions on the movement of people, raw materials and goods. The situation surrounding COVID-19 is fluid, and the financial and market dynamics and volatility may heighten risks related to our financing and asset disposition activities. Conditions in the financial and credit markets may also limit the availability of funding or increase the cost of funding, which could adversely affect our business, financial position and results of operations. Because the severity, magnitude and duration of the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic consequences are uncertain, rapidly changing and difficult to predict, the pandemic’s impact on our operations, financial performance and liquidity, as well as its impact on our ability to successfully execute our business strategy, remains uncertain and difficult to predict. Further, the ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our operations and financial performance depends on many factors that are not within our control, including, but not limited, to: governmental, business and individuals’ actions that have been and continue to be taken in response to the pandemic; the impact of the pandemic and actions taken in response on global and regional economies, travel, and economic activity; general economic uncertainty in the global markets we serve and volatility in financial markets; global economic conditions and levels of economic growth; and the pace of recovery when the COVID-19 pandemic subsides. As a result, we expect COVID-19 to negatively impact our operating results in future periods. However, we are currently unable to provide any assurance as to the magnitude and duration of any such impact.

We also expect that the COVID-19 pandemic will increase many of the risks described in “Item 1A, Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018,~~2019.

Other than as described in this item, there have been no material changes in our risk ~~factors.~~factors since December 31, 2019. For a discussion of our risk factors, refer to "Item 1A. Risk Factors" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On January 25, 2019, our board of directors approved a $300.0 million share repurchase program, pursuant to which we are authorized to purchase shares of our common stock in the open market, in privately negotiated transactions, or otherwise, including pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 plans. The share repurchase program does not have an expiration date, does not obligate the Company to repurchase any dollar amount or number of shares of common stock, and may be suspended or discontinued at any time. The timing of repurchases will be dependent on market conditions and other factors.

No share repurchases were completed during the first quarter of 2020. As of March 31, ~~2019, $260.0~~2020, $150.0 million remained available under the repurchase ~~authorizations.~~authorization.

~~The following is a summary of common stock repurchases completed by month during the first quarter of 2019:~~

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Period Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in millions)
January 1, 2019 - January 31, 2019 79,809
$ 75.97
79,809
$ 293.9
February 1, 2019 - February 28, 2019 172,040
$ 76.20
172,040
$ 280.8
March 1, 2019 - March 31, 2019 277,394
$ 75.09
277,394
$ 260.0
Total 529,243
$ 75.58
529,243

Item 6. Exhibits



Exhibit Number	Exhibit Description
Filed with this Report:
31A	Certification Pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) (CEO Certification).
31B	Certification Pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 13a-14(a) and Rule 15d-14(a) (CFO Certification).
32	Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (CEO and CFO Certification).
101	The following materials from GATX Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, are formatted in Inline XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, (iv) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, and (v) Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
104	Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).

Incorporated by Reference:
3.1	Amended and Restated By-Laws of GATX Corporation, as amended and restated on April 20, 2020, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of GATX's Form 8-K dated April 21, 2020, file number 1-2328.
10.1	Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of February 7, 2020, between GATX Corporation and Rand Logistics, Inc. is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of GATX's Form 8-K dated February 10, 2020, file number 1-2328.
10.2	Term Loan Credit Agreement dated as of March 9, 2020 among GATX Corporation, as borrower, and the initial lenders named therein, as initial lenders, and Morgan Stanley Senior Funding Inc., as agent, and Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc. and BofA Securities, Inc., as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to GATX's Form 8-K dated March 10, 2020, file number 1-2328.

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

GATX CORPORATION

(Registrant)

/s/ Thomas A. Ellman

Thomas A. Ellman

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

(Duly Authorized Officer)

Date: ~~April 30, 2019~~May 5, 2020

4039



	March 31, 2019
Total contractual lease payments receivable	$	108.1
Estimated unguaranteed residual value of leased assets	57.5
Unearned income	(46.7		)
Finance leases	$	118.9



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of right-of-use assets	$	0.2
Interest on lease liabilities	0.1
Operating lease cost (1):
Fixed lease cost - operating leases	15.2
Total lease cost	$	15.5



	March 31, 2019
	Operating Leases			Finance Leases			Total
2019 (1)	$	34.8		$	11.1		$	45.9
2020	67.7			—			67.7
2021	66.1			—			66.1
2022	57.2			—			57.2
2023	54.4			—			54.4
Years thereafter	268.2			—			268.2
Total undiscounted lease payments	$	548.4		$	11.1		$	559.5
Less: amounts representing interest	(92.1		)	(0.1		)	(92.2		)
Total discounted lease liabilities	$	456.3		$	11.0		$	467.3



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows for operating leases	$	32.0
Operating cash flows for finance leases	0.1
Financing cash flows for finance leases	0.3
Total cash from leases	$	32.4



	2019 Pension Benefits			2018 Pension Benefits			2019 Retiree Health and Life		2018 Retiree Health and Life
Service cost	$	1.7		$	1.9		$	—	$	0.1
Interest cost	3.8			3.7			0.2		0.2
Expected return on plan assets	(5.5		)	(5.6		)	—		—
Amortization of (1):
Unrecognized prior service credit	—			—			—		—
Unrecognized net actuarial loss	1.9			2.5			—		—
Net periodic cost	$	1.9		$	2.5		$	0.2	$	0.3



	March 31 2019		December 31 2018
Lease payment guarantees	$	1.5	$	2.0
Standby letters of credit and performance bonds	9.4		9.5
Total commercial commitments (1)	$	10.9	$	11.5



Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
	(a)	(b)		(c)	(d)
Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in millions)
January 1, 2019 - January 31, 2019	79,809	$	75.97	79,809	$	293.9
February 1, 2019 - February 28, 2019	172,040	$	76.20	172,040	$	280.8
March 1, 2019 - March 31, 2019	277,394	$	75.09	277,394	$	260.0
Total	529,243	$	75.58	529,243