UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020
OR
¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period
from ______to_______

Commission file number 1-183
hsy-20200628_g1.jpg
THE HERSHEY COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware23-0691590
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation
or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
100 Crystal A Drive, Hershey, PA
17033
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
717-534-4200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

19 East Chocolate Avenue, Hershey, PA 17033
(Address of principal executive offices and Zip Code)
(717) 534-4200
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, one dollar par valueHSYNew York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filerxAccelerated filer¨Non-accelerated filer¨Smaller reporting company
Large accelerated filerxAccelerated filer¨Smaller reporting company¨
Non-accelerated filer¨(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)Emerging growth company¨


If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x


Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Common Stock, one dollar par value—150,075,619147,408,714 shares, as of October 20, 2017.July 17, 2020.
Class B Common Stock, one dollar par value—60,619,77760,613,777 shares, as of October 20, 2017.July 17, 2020.








THE HERSHEY COMPANY
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
For the Period Ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020


TABLE OF CONTENTS


Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 6. Exhibits



The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 1





PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
THE HERSHEY COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
(unaudited)
 
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Net sales$1,707,329  $1,767,217  $3,744,646  $3,783,705  
Cost of sales914,777  892,473  2,085,472  2,016,457  
Gross profit792,552  874,744  1,659,174  1,767,248  
Selling, marketing and administrative expense408,949  453,793  884,333  907,366  
Long-lived asset impairment charges1,600  4,741  9,143  4,741  
Business realignment (benefits) costs(1,370) 6,140  (475) 6,202  
Operating profit383,373  410,070  766,173  848,939  
Interest expense, net38,079  33,776  74,334  71,234  
Other (income) expense, net11,217  13,125  22,750  18,602  
Income before income taxes334,077  363,169  669,089  759,103  
Provision for income taxes66,035  49,898  132,264  141,951  
Net income including noncontrolling interest268,042  313,271  536,825  617,152  
Less: Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest(859) 431  (3,213) (46) 
Net income attributable to The Hershey Company$268,901  $312,840  $540,038  $617,198  
Net income per share—basic:
Common stock$1.33  $1.54  $2.66  $3.03  
Class B common stock$1.21  $1.39  $2.41  $2.75  
Net income per share—diluted:
Common stock$1.29  $1.48  $2.58  $2.93  
Class B common stock$1.20  $1.38  $2.41  $2.74  
Dividends paid per share:
Common stock$0.773  $0.722  $1.546  $1.444  
Class B common stock$0.702  $0.656  $1.404  $1.312  
  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
  October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016
Net sales $2,033,121
 $2,003,454
 $5,575,790
 $5,469,937
Cost of sales 1,092,899
 1,152,606
 2,965,798
 3,054,315
Gross profit 940,222

850,848
 2,609,992
 2,415,622
Selling, marketing and administrative expense 497,182
 474,494
 1,404,970
 1,408,759
Long-lived asset impairment charges 
 
 208,712
 
Business realignment costs 4,020
 2,330
 50,018
 30,568
Operating profit 439,020
 374,024
 946,292
 976,295
Interest expense, net 24,589
 24,387
 72,456
 66,730
Other (income) expense, net 13,630
 21,800
 23,557
 8,703
Income before income taxes 400,801
 327,837
 850,279
 900,862
Provision for income taxes 126,788
 100,434
 275,291
 297,671
Net income including noncontrolling interest 274,013
 227,403
 574,988
 603,191
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest 710
 
 (26,860) 
Net income attributable to The Hershey Company $273,303
 $227,403
 $601,848
 $603,191
         
Net income per share—basic:        
Common stock $1.32
 $1.09
 $2.91
 $2.88
Class B common stock $1.20
 $0.99
 $2.64
 $2.63
         
Net income per share—diluted:        
Common stock $1.28
 $1.06
 $2.81
 $2.80
Class B common stock $1.20
 $0.99
 $2.64
 $2.62
         
Dividends paid per share:        
Common stock $0.656
 $0.618
 $1.892
 $1.784
Class B common stock $0.596
 $0.562
 $1.720
 $1.622


See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.



The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 2


THE HERSHEY COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(in thousands)
(unaudited)


For the three months endedFor the six months ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Pre-Tax AmountTax (Expense) BenefitAfter-Tax AmountPre-Tax AmountTax (Expense) BenefitAfter-Tax AmountPre-Tax AmountTax (Expense) BenefitAfter-Tax AmountPre-Tax AmountTax (Expense) BenefitAfter-Tax Amount
Net income including noncontrolling interest$268,042  $313,271  $536,825  $617,152  
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments:
Foreign currency translation gains (losses) during period$3,052  $—  3,052  $7,651  $—  7,651  $(48,292) $—  (48,292) $11,079  $—  11,079  
Pension and post-retirement benefit plans:
Net actuarial (loss) gain and prior service cost(16,685) 3,954  (12,731) —  —  —  (16,685) 3,954  (12,731) —  —  —  
Reclassification to earnings8,542  (2,183) 6,359  6,720  (1,773) 4,947  13,297  (2,731) 10,566  13,438  (3,580) 9,858  
Cash flow hedges:
Gains (losses) on cash flow hedging derivatives675  838  1,513  (2,547) 1,130  (1,417) 6,056  (268) 5,788  (3,336) 1,848  (1,488) 
Reclassification to earnings1,205  (817) 388  1,395  (885) 510  3,297  (1,930) 1,367  2,833  (1,776) 1,057  
Total other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax$(3,211) $1,792  (1,419) $13,219  $(1,528) 11,691  $(42,327) $(975) (43,302) $24,014  $(3,508) 20,506  
Total comprehensive income including noncontrolling interest$266,623  $324,962  $493,523  $637,658  
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest(826) 338  (3,288) 416  
Comprehensive income attributable to The Hershey Company$267,449  $324,624  $496,811  $637,242  
  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
  October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016
  Pre-Tax Amount Tax (Expense) Benefit After-Tax Amount Pre-Tax Amount Tax (Expense) Benefit After-Tax Amount Pre-Tax Amount Tax (Expense) Benefit After-Tax Amount Pre-Tax Amount Tax (Expense) Benefit After-Tax Amount
Net income including noncontrolling interest     $274,013
     $227,403
     $574,988
     $603,191
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:                        
Foreign currency translation adjustments $9,605
 $
 9,605
 $(8,533) $
 (8,533) $27,878
 $
 27,878
 $5,053
 $
 5,053
Pension and post-retirement benefit plans:                        
Net actuarial loss and prior service cost (9,200) 3,487
 (5,713) 68
 (54) 14
 (9,396) 3,561
 (5,835) (29,738) 11,296
 (18,442)
Reclassification to earnings 24,300
 (8,941) 15,359
 11,828
 (4,447) 7,381
 38,544
 (22,636) 15,908
 46,133
 (17,807) 28,326
Cash flow hedges:                        
Losses on cash flow hedging derivatives (1,339) 761
 (578) 1,354
 (210) 1,144
 (3,545) 1,643
 (1,902) (53,627) 18,838
 (34,789)
Reclassification to earnings 1,962
 (1,380) 582
 (2,288) 1,390
 (898) 7,374
 (3,827) 3,547
 (14,064) 6,079
 (7,985)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax $25,328
 $(6,073) 19,255
 $2,429
 $(3,321) (892) $60,855
 $(21,259) 39,596
 $(46,243) $18,406
 (27,837)
Total comprehensive income including noncontrolling interest     $293,268
     $226,511
     $614,584
     $575,354
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest     1,029
     (751)     (26,125)     (2,040)
Comprehensive income attributable to The Hershey Company     $292,239
     $227,262
     $640,709
     $577,394


See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.



The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 3


THE HERSHEY COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share data)
June 28, 2020December 31, 2019
(unaudited)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$1,165,331  $493,262  
Accounts receivable—trade, net540,398  568,509  
Inventories999,380  815,251  
Prepaid expenses and other197,835  240,080  
Total current assets2,902,944  2,117,102  
Property, plant and equipment, net2,165,346  2,153,139  
Goodwill1,979,002  1,985,955  
Other intangibles1,314,332  1,341,166  
Other assets524,687  512,000  
Deferred income taxes24,760  31,033  
Total assets$8,911,071  $8,140,395  
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable$530,042  $550,828  
Accrued liabilities643,938  702,372  
Accrued income taxes54,091  19,921  
Short-term debt198,299  32,282  
Current portion of long-term debt788,448  703,390  
Total current liabilities2,214,818  2,008,793  
Long-term debt4,091,211  3,530,813  
Other long-term liabilities643,847  655,777  
Deferred income taxes205,106  200,018  
Total liabilities7,154,982  6,395,401  
Stockholders’ equity:
The Hershey Company stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock, shares issued: NaN in 2020 and 2019—  —  
Common stock, shares issued: 160,939,248 at June 28, 2020 and December 31, 2019160,939  160,939  
Class B common stock, shares issued: 60,613,777 at June 28, 2020 and December 31, 201960,614  60,614  
Additional paid-in capital1,161,878  1,142,210  
Retained earnings1,516,543  1,290,461  
Treasury—common stock shares, at cost: 13,570,656 at June 28, 2020 and 12,723,592 at December 31, 2019(779,176) (591,036) 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(367,193) (323,966) 
Total—The Hershey Company stockholders’ equity1,753,605  1,739,222  
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary2,484  5,772  
Total stockholders’ equity1,756,089  1,744,994  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$8,911,071  $8,140,395  
  October 1, 2017 December 31, 2016
ASSETS (unaudited)  
Current assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents $275,056
 $296,967
Accounts receivable—trade, net 742,832
 581,381
Inventories 938,187
 745,678
Prepaid expenses and other 258,379
 192,752
Total current assets 2,214,454
 1,816,778
Property, plant and equipment, net 2,050,124
 2,177,248
Goodwill 822,348
 812,344
Other intangibles 375,455
 492,737
Other assets 174,611
 168,365
Deferred income taxes 18,485
 56,861
Total assets $5,655,477
 $5,524,333
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY    
Current liabilities:    
Accounts payable $529,442
 $522,536
Accrued liabilities 673,435
 750,986
Accrued income taxes 19,109
 3,207
Short-term debt 815,588
 632,471
Current portion of long-term debt 300,096
 243
Total current liabilities 2,337,670
 1,909,443
Long-term debt 2,054,132
 2,347,455
Other long-term liabilities 402,396
 400,161
Deferred income taxes 22,303
 39,587
Total liabilities 4,816,501
 4,696,646
     
Stockholders’ equity:    
The Hershey Company stockholders’ equity    
Preferred stock, shares issued: none at October 1, 2017 and December 31, 2016 
 
Common stock, shares issued: 299,281,967 at October 1, 2017 and December 31, 2016 299,281
 299,281
Class B common stock, shares issued: 60,619,777 at October 1, 2017 and December 31, 2016 60,620
 60,620
Additional paid-in capital 910,246
 869,857
Retained earnings 6,325,011
 6,115,961
Treasury—common stock shares, at cost: 149,232,801 at October 1, 2017 and 147,642,009 at December 31, 2016 (6,434,861) (6,183,975)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (337,027) (375,888)
Total—The Hershey Company stockholders’ equity 823,270
 785,856
Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary 15,706
 41,831
Total stockholders’ equity 838,976
 827,687
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $5,655,477
 $5,524,333


See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.



The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 4


THE HERSHEY COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
Six Months Ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Operating Activities
Net income including noncontrolling interest$536,825  $617,152  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization142,524  144,346  
Stock-based compensation expense25,490  23,712  
Deferred income taxes3,309  8,783  
Impairment of long-lived assets (see Note 6)
9,143  4,741  
Write-down of equity investments18,550  9,785  
Other27,311  24,117  
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of business acquisitions and divestitures:
Accounts receivable—trade, net11,794  55,399  
Inventories(194,396) (173,074) 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets15,730  18,175  
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities(19,304) (33,797) 
Accrued income taxes65,169  (15,499) 
Contributions to pension and other benefit plans(8,333) (8,919) 
Other assets and liabilities(19,765) 4,407  
Net cash provided by operating activities614,047  679,328  
Investing Activities
Capital additions (including software)(185,784) (176,270) 
Equity investments in tax credit qualifying partnerships(26,392) (30,270) 
Other investing activities2,374  154  
Net cash used in investing activities(209,802) (206,386) 
Financing Activities
Net increase (decrease) in short-term debt166,017  (311,183) 
Long-term borrowings, net of debt issuance costs989,876  5,020  
Repayment of long-term debt and finance leases(352,104) (4,054) 
Cash dividends paid(314,279) (295,483) 
Repurchase of common stock(211,196) (254,429) 
Exercise of stock options17,544  161,399  
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities295,858  (698,730) 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(17,351) 3,753  
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents, including cash classified as held for sale682,752  (222,035) 
Less: Increase in cash and cash equivalents classified as held for sale (see Note 8)
(10,683) —  
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents672,069  (222,035) 
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period493,262  587,998  
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$1,165,331  $365,963  
Supplemental Disclosure
Interest paid$74,944  $72,167  
Income taxes paid71,633  136,922  
 Nine Months Ended
 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016
Operating Activities   
Net income including noncontrolling interests$574,988
 $603,191
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Depreciation and amortization194,313
 241,901
Stock-based compensation expense37,966
 40,699
Deferred income taxes(14,859) (12,703)
Impairment of long-lived assets (see Note 7)208,712
 
Write-down of equity investments23,999
 35,862
Gain on settlement of SGM liability (see Note 2)
 (26,650)
Other60,129
 42,499
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of business acquisitions:   
Accounts receivable—trade, net(161,451) (157,142)
Inventories(192,509) (83,221)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets(33,581) (44,254)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities(15,380) (126,966)
Accrued income taxes18,849
 1,128
Contributions to pension and other benefits plans(57,883) (42,566)
Other assets and liabilities(17,394) (21,018)
Net cash provided by operating activities625,899
 450,760
Investing Activities   
Capital additions (including software)(148,923) (168,225)
Proceeds from sales of property, plant and equipment1,758
 3,032
Equity investments in tax credit qualifying partnerships(39,977) (35,395)
Business acquisitions, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired
 (285,374)
Net cash used in investing activities(187,142) (485,962)
Financing Activities   
Net increase in short-term debt173,110
 250,573
Long-term borrowings
 792,923
Repayment of long-term debt(204) (250,000)
Payment of SGM liability (see Note 2)
 (35,762)
Cash dividends paid(391,845) (371,706)
Repurchase of common stock(300,312) (452,580)
Exercise of stock options53,532
 88,093
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(465,719) 21,541
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents5,051
 465
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents(21,911) (13,196)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period296,967
 346,529
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$275,056
 $333,333
Supplemental Disclosure   
Interest paid$81,497
 $72,925
Income taxes paid271,412
 306,580


See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.



The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 5


THE HERSHEY COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTSTATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the Three Months Ended June 28, 2020 and June 30, 2019
(in thousands)
(unaudited)

 Preferred Stock Common Stock Class B Common Stock Additional Paid-in Capital Retained Earnings Treasury Common Stock Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Noncontrolling Interest in Subsidiary Total Stockholders’ Equity
Balance, December 31, 2016 $
 $299,281
 $60,620
 $869,857
 $6,115,961
 $(6,183,975) $(375,888) $41,831
 $827,687
Net income (loss)         601,848
     (26,860) 574,988
Other comprehensive income             38,861
 735
 39,596
Dividends (including dividend equivalents):                  
Common Stock, $1.892 per share         (288,533)       (288,533)
Class B Common Stock, $1.720 per share         (104,265)       (104,265)
Stock-based compensation       36,283
         36,283
Exercise of stock options and incentive-based transactions       4,106
   49,426
     53,532
Repurchase of common stock           (300,312)     (300,312)
Balance, October 1, 2017 $
 $299,281
 $60,620
 $910,246
 $6,325,011
 $(6,434,861) $(337,027) $15,706
 $838,976



Preferred
Stock
Common
Stock
Class B 
Common 
StockAdditional
Paid-in
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Treasury
Common
Stock
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)Noncontrolling
Interests in
Subsidiaries
Total
Stockholders’
Equity
Balance, March 29, 2020— 160,939 60,614 1,153,130 1,404,453 (742,164)(365,741)3,310 1,674,541 
Net income (loss)268,901 (859)268,042 
Other comprehensive (loss) income(1,452)33 (1,419)
Dividends (including dividend equivalents):
Common Stock, $0.773 per share(114,260)(114,260)
Class B Common Stock, $0.702 per share(42,551)(42,551)
Stock-based compensation12,612 12,612 
Exercise of stock options and incentive-based transactions(3,864)5,008 1,144 
Repurchase of common stock(42,020)(42,020)
Balance, June 28, 2020$— $160,939 $60,614 $1,161,878 $1,516,543 $(779,176)$(367,193)$2,484 $1,756,089 

Preferred
Stock
Common
Stock
Class B 
Common 
StockAdditional
Paid-in
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Treasury
Common
Stock
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)Noncontrolling
Interests in
Subsidiaries
Total
Stockholders’
Equity
Balance, March 31, 2019— 299,287 60,614 996,181 7,193,240 (6,786,065)(348,520)8,623 1,423,360 
Net income312,840 431 313,271 
Other comprehensive income (loss)11,784 (93)11,691 
Dividends (including dividend equivalents):
Common Stock, $0.722 per share(108,041)(108,041)
Class B Common Stock, $0.656 per share(39,762)(39,762)
Stock-based compensation12,665 12,665 
Exercise of stock options and incentive-based transactions66,341 60,485 126,826 
Repurchase of common stock(55,929)(55,929)
Balance, June 30, 2019$— $299,287 $60,614 $1,075,187 $7,358,277 $(6,781,509)$(336,736)$8,961 $1,684,081 


See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.










The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 6


THE HERSHEY COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
For the Six Months Ended June 28, 2020 and June 30, 2019
(in thousands)
(unaudited)


Preferred
Stock
Common
Stock
Class B 
Common 
StockAdditional
Paid-in
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Treasury
Common
Stock
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)Noncontrolling
Interests in
Subsidiaries
Total
Stockholders’
Equity
Balance, December 31, 2019— 160,939 60,614 1,142,210 1,290,461 (591,036)(323,966)5,772 1,744,994 
Net income (loss)540,038 (3,213)536,825 
Other comprehensive loss(43,227)(75)(43,302)
Dividends (including dividend equivalents):
Common Stock, $1.546 per share(228,854)(228,854)
Class B Common Stock, $1.404 per share(85,102)(85,102)
Stock-based compensation25,180 25,180 
Exercise of stock options and incentive-based transactions(5,512)23,056 17,544 
Repurchase of common stock(211,196)(211,196)
Balance, June 28, 2020$— $160,939 $60,614 $1,161,878 $1,516,543 $(779,176)$(367,193)$2,484 $1,756,089 

Preferred
Stock
Common
Stock
Class B 
Common 
StockAdditional
Paid-in
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Treasury
Common
Stock
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)Noncontrolling
Interests in
Subsidiaries
Total
Stockholders’
Equity
Balance, December 31, 2018— 299,287 60,614 982,205 7,032,020 (6,618,625)(356,780)8,545 1,407,266 
Net income (loss)617,198 (46)617,152 
Other comprehensive income20,044 462 20,506 
Dividends (including dividend equivalents):
Common Stock, $1.444 per share(215,329)(215,329)
Class B Common Stock, $1.312 per share(79,525)(79,525)
Stock-based compensation23,128 23,128 
Exercise of stock options and incentive-based transactions69,854 91,545 161,399 
Repurchase of common stock(254,429)(254,429)
Impact of ASU 2016-02 related to leases3,913 3,913 
Balance, June 30, 2019$— $299,287 $60,614 $1,075,187 $7,358,277 $(6,781,509)$(336,736)$8,961 $1,684,081 


See Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 7

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)




1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
The unaudited consolidated financial statements provided in this report include the accounts of The Hershey Company (the “Company,” “Hershey,” “we” or “us”) and our majority-owned subsidiaries and entities in which we have a controlling financial interest after the elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. We have a controlling financial interest if we own a majority of the outstanding voting common stock and the noncontrollingminority shareholders do not have substantive participating rights, or we have significant control over an entity through contractual or economic interests in which we are the primary beneficiary.beneficiary or we have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the entity's economic performance. We use the equity method of accounting when we have a 20% to 50% interest in other companies and exercise significant influence. Other investments that are not controlled, and over which we do not have the ability to exercise significant influence, are accounted for under the cost method. Both equity and cost method investments are included as Other non-current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial reporting and with the rules and regulations for reporting on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, they do not contain certain information and disclosures required by GAAP for comprehensive financial statements. The financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) which are, in our opinion, necessary for a fair presentation of the results of operations, financial position, and cash flows for the indicated periods.
Operating results for the quarter ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 may not be indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 20172020 because of seasonal effects on our business. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20162019 (our “2016“2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K”), which provides a more complete understanding of our accounting policies, financial position, operating results and other matters.
ReclassificationsCOVID-19
Certain prior period amounts haveOn March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization designated the recent novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") as a global pandemic. We continue to actively monitor COVID-19 and its potential impact on our operations and financial results. Employee health and safety remains our first priority while we continue our efforts to support community food supplies. To date, there has been reclassifiedminimal disruption to conformour supply chain network, and all our manufacturing plants are currently open. We are also working closely with our business units, contract manufacturers, distributors, contractors and other external business partners to current year presentation. Specifically, this includes amounts reclassified to conform tominimize the current year presentationpotential impact on our business.
As a result of shelter-in-place restrictions that were implemented in late March and early April, as well as decreases in retail foot traffic and volatility in consumer shopping and consumption behavior across several areas of our portfolio, we experienced a reduction in our net sales and earnings per share during the Consolidated Statementssecond quarter of Cash Flows.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014,2020. We believe the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenuefinancial impacts from Contracts with Customers, which outlines a single comprehensiveCOVID-19 are temporary in nature and do not significantly affect our business model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers that supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance. This guidance requires an entity to recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance also requires additional financial statement disclosures that will enable users to understand the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows relating to customer contracts. The new standard was originally effective for us on January 1, 2017; however, in July 2015 the FASB decided to defer the effective date by one year. Early application is not permitted, but reporting entities may choose to adopt the standard as of the original effective date. The standard permits the use of either the full retrospective or modified retrospective transition method.
We have substantially completed our assessment of the new standard andgrowth strategy. Therefore, we do not expectconsider COVID-19 to be a triggering event to accelerate our adoption ofannual impairments tests.
We evaluated our goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets and determined there were no interim triggering events as it was not more likely than not that the new standard to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. We intend to adopt the requirements of the new standard in the first quarter of 2018 utilizing the modified retrospective transition method.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This ASU will require lessees to recognize a right-of-use asset and lease liability for all leases with terms of more than 12 months. Recognition, measurement and presentation of expenses will depend on classification as a finance or operating lease. This ASU also requires certain quantitative and qualitative disclosures. Accounting guidance for lessors is largely unchanged. The amendments should be applied on a modified retrospective basis. ASU 2016-02 is effective for us beginning January 1, 2019. We are in the process of developing an inventoryfair value of our reporting units would be less than their respective carrying amounts. Additionally, we evaluated our long-lived assets, including our property, plant and equipment, lease arrangementsright-of-use assets and other intangible assets, noting no indicators of impairment.
In late May and early June, many state governments began a phased reopening of their economies. These phased approaches promote limited food service offerings, outdoor dining, increased travel and the reopening of retailing establishments while adhering to new guidelines and enhanced safety measures, including social distancing and face mask protocols. However, certain states have paused or reversed plans to reopen their economies as new cases of COVID-19 have been on the rise in order to determine therecent weeks.
The impact that the adoption of ASU 2016-02COVID-19 will have on our consolidated financial statements throughout 2020 remains uncertain and related disclosures. Based on our assessment to date, we expect adoptionultimately will be dictated by the length and severity of this standard to result in a material increase in lease-related assetsthe pandemic, as well as the economic recovery and liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets; however, we do not expect it to have a significant impact on our Consolidated Statements of Income or Cash Flows.federal,

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 8

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSSTATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)



state and local government actions taken in response. We will continue to evaluate the nature and extent of these potential impacts to our business and consolidated financial statements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In MarchAugust 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2018-14, Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefit Plans—General (Topic 715-20): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans, which modifies the disclosure requirements for defined benefit pension plans and other post-retirement plans. ASU 2018-14 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a retrospective basis to all periods presented. We elected to early adopt the provisions of this ASU in the fourth quarter of 2019. Adoption of the new standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation—Stock Compensation2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 718)326): ImprovementsMeasurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This ASU modifies the measurement of expected credit losses of certain financial instruments. ASU 2016-13 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those annual periods. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a modified retrospective basis to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.all periods presented. We adopted the provisions of this ASU in the first quarter of 2017. This update principally affects the recognition of excess tax benefits and deficiencies and the cash flow classification of share-based compensation-related transactions. The requirement to recognize excess tax benefits and deficiencies as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement was applied prospectively, with a benefit of $7,927 recognized during the nine months ended October 1, 2017. Additionally, within the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, the impact2020. Adoption of the adoption resulted innew standard did not have a $19,916 increase in net cash flow from operating activities and a corresponding decrease in net cash flow from financing activities for the nine months ended October 1, 2017. These classification requirements were adopted retrospectively to the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the nine months ended October 2, 2016, resulting in a $28,221 increase in net cash flow from operating activities and a corresponding $28,221 decrease in net cash flow from financing activities.material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In March 2017,August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation-Retirement Benefits2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 715)820), Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. This ASU will require an employer to reportmodifies the service cost component of net benefit cost in the same line item as other compensation costs arising from services rendereddisclosure requirements for fair value measurements by the pertinent employees during the period. The other components of net benefit cost are required to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of income from operations, if presented,removing, modifying or disclosed separately. In addition, only the service cost component may be eligible for capitalization where applicable. The amendments should be applied on a retrospective basis.adding certain disclosures. ASU 2017-07 is effective for us beginning January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted as of the beginning of a financial year. We currently plan to adopt the requirements of the new standard in the first quarter of 2018 and expect the adoption to impact only classification within our Consolidated Statement of Income.
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities, which amends ASC 815. The purpose of this ASU is to better align accounting rules with a company’s risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships, better reflect economic results of hedging in financial statements, simplify hedge accounting requirements and improve the disclosures of hedging arrangements. The amendment should be applied using the modified retrospective transition method. ASU 2017-122018-13 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 20182019 and interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. We currently plan to adoptadopted the requirementsprovisions of the new standardthis ASU in the first quarter of 2018. We do2020. Adoption of the new standard did not expect it to have a significantmaterial impact on our Consolidatedconsolidated financial statements.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40), Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract. This ASU aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). ASU 2018-15 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this ASU should be applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. We adopted the provisions of this ASU in the first quarter of 2020 on a prospective basis. Adoption of the new standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This ASU is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and clarifying certain aspects of the current guidance to promote consistency among reporting entities. ASU 2019-12 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020 and interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. An entity that elects early adoption must adopt all the amendments in the same period. Most amendments within this ASU are required to be applied on a prospective basis, while certain amendments must be applied on a retrospective or modified retrospective basis. We are currently evaluating the impact of the new standard on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 9

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Statements.Reporting. The ASU is intended to provide temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the GAAP guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens related to the expected market transition from the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. Entities may apply this ASU upon issuance through December 31, 2022 on a prospective basis. We are currently evaluating the impact of the new standard on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
No other new accounting pronouncement issued or effective during the fiscal year had or is expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements or disclosures.
THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)


2. BUSINESS ACQUISITIONSACQUISITION AND DIVESTITURES
Acquisitions2020 Activity
During the second quarter of businesses are2020, we completed the divestitures of KRAVE Pure Foods, Inc., and the Scharffen Berger and Dagoba brands, all of which were previously included within the North America segment results in our consolidated financial statements. Total proceeds from the divestitures and the impact on our Consolidated Statements of Income, both individually and on an aggregate basis, were immaterial.
2019 Activity
ONE Brands, LLC
On September 23, 2019, we completed the acquisition of ONE Brands, LLC ("ONE Brands"), previously a privately held company that sells a line of low-sugar, high-protein nutrition bars to retailers and distributors in the United States, with the ONE Bar as its primary product. The purchase consideration for ONE Brands totaled $402,160 and consisted of cash on hand and short-term borrowings. Acquisition-related costs for the ONE Brands acquisition were immaterial.

The acquisition has been accounted for as purchasesa purchase and, accordingly, theONE Brands' results of operations of the businesses acquired have been included within the North America segment results in theour consolidated financial statements since the respective datesdate of the acquisitions. The purchase price for each of the acquisitions is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed.
2016 Acquisition
Ripple Brand Collective, LLC
On April 26, 2016, we completed the acquisition of all of the outstanding shares of Ripple Brand Collective, LLC, a privately held company based in Congers, New York that owns the barkTHINS mass premium chocolate snacking brand. The barkTHINS brand is largely sold in the United States in take-home resealable packages and is available in the club channel, as well as select natural and conventional grocers. Our consolidated net sales for the year ended December 31, 2016 included approximately $35,600 attributed to barkTHINS.
acquisition. The purchase consideration was allocated to assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their respective fair values as follows:
Initial Allocation (1)AdjustmentsFinal Allocation
Goodwill$179,240  $825  $180,065  
Other intangible assets206,800  —  206,800  
Other assets acquired, primarily current assets25,926  (491) 25,435  
Other liabilities assumed, primarily current liabilities(9,806) (334) (10,140) 
Net assets acquired$402,160  $—  $402,160  
Goodwill$128,110
Trademarks91,200
Other intangible assets60,900
Other assets, primarily current assets, net of cash acquired totaling $67412,375
Current liabilities(7,211)
Net assets acquired$285,374
(1)As reported in the Company's 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The purchase price allocation presented above has been finalized as of the end of the first quarter of 2020. The measurement period adjustments to the initial allocation are based on more detailed information obtained about the specific assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

Goodwill is calculatedwas determined as the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired.acquired (including the identifiable intangible assets). The goodwill resultingderived from thethis acquisition is attributable primarilyexpected to be deductible for tax purposes and reflects the value of leveraging our brand building expertise, consumer insights, supply chain capabilities and retail relationships to accelerate growth and access to barkTHINSthe portfolio of ONE Brands products. Acquired

Other intangible assets include trademarks valued at $144,900, customer relationships valued at $58,800 and covenants not to compete valued at $3,100. Trademarks were assigned an estimated useful life of 33 years, customer relationships were assigned estimated useful lives of 27ranging from 17 to 19 years while other intangibles, including customer relationships and covenants not to compete were assigned an estimated useful lives ranging from 2 to 14life of 4 years. The recorded goodwill, trademarks and other intangibles are expected to be deductible for tax purposes.
Shanghai Golden Monkey (“SGM”)
On February 3, 2016, we completed the purchase of the remaining 20% of the outstanding shares of SGM for cash consideration totaling $35,762, pursuant to a new agreement entered into during the fourth quarter of 2015 with the SGM selling shareholders which revised the originally-agreed purchase price for these shares. For accounting purposes, we treated the acquisition as if we had acquired 100% at the initial acquisition date in 2014 and financed the payment for the remaining 20% of the outstanding shares. Therefore, the cash settlement of the liability for the purchase of these remaining shares is reflected within the financing section of the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

The final settlement also resultedHershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 10

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in an extinguishment gain of $26,650 representing the net carrying amount of the recorded liability in excess of the cash paid to settle the obligation for the remaining 20% of the outstanding shares. This gain is recorded within non-operating other (income) expense, net within the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income.thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)

3. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The changes in the carrying value of goodwill by reportable segment for the ninesix months ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 are as follows:
North America    International and OtherTotal
Balance at December 31, 2019$1,967,466  $18,489  $1,985,955  
Measurement period adjustments (see Note 2)
825  —  825  
Foreign currency translation(5,496) (2,282) (7,778) 
Balance at June 28, 2020$1,962,795  $16,207  $1,979,002  
  North America     International and Other Total
Balance at December 31, 2016 $792,190
 $20,154
 $812,344
Foreign currency translation 8,401
 1,603
 10,004
Balance at October 1, 2017 800,591
 21,757
 822,348

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)



The following table provides the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization for each major class of intangible asset:
  October 1, 2017 December 31, 2016
  Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization
Intangible assets subject to amortization:        
Trademarks $272,599
 $(34,516) $317,023
 $(30,458)
Customer-related 128,722
 (33,069) 200,409
 (36,482)
Patents 17,059
 (15,562) 16,426
 (13,700)
Total 418,380
 (83,147) 533,858
 (80,640)
         
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:        
Trademarks 40,222
   39,519
  
Total other intangible assets $375,455
   $492,737
  

As discussed in Note 7, in February 2017, we commenced the Margin for Growth Program which includes an initiative to optimize the manufacturing operations supporting our China business.  We deemed this to be a triggering event requiring us to test our China long-lived asset group for impairment by first determining whether the carrying value of the asset group was recovered by our current estimates of future cash flows associated with the asset group. Because this assessment indicated that the carrying value was not recoverable, we calculated an impairment loss as the excess of the asset group's carrying value over its fair value. The resulting impairment loss was allocated to the asset group's long-lived assets. Therefore, as a result of this testing, during the first quarter of 2017, we recorded an impairment charge totaling $105,992 representing the portion of the impairment loss that was allocated to the distributor relationship and trademark intangible assets that had been recognized in connection with the 2014 SGM acquisition.
June 28, 2020December 31, 2019
Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationGross Carrying AmountAccumulated Amortization
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Trademarks$1,207,594  $(86,910) $1,212,172  $(73,262) 
Customer-related202,371  (42,670) 207,749  (40,544) 
Patents7,980  (7,885) 16,711  (16,525) 
Total1,417,945  (137,465) 1,436,632  (130,331) 
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
Trademarks33,852  34,865  
Total other intangible assets$1,314,332  $1,341,166  
Total amortization expense for the three months ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016June 30, 2019 was $5,410$11,580 and $7,666,$12,672, respectively. Total amortization expense for the ninesix months ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016June 30, 2019 was $17,968$23,220 and $18,811,$24,910, respectively.

4. SHORT AND LONG-TERM DEBT
Short-term Debt
As a source of short-term financing, we utilize cash on hand and commercial paper or bank loans with an original maturity of three months or less. We maintain a $1.0$1.5 billion unsecured revolving credit facility which currently expires in November 2020. This agreement also includes anwith the option to increase borrowings by an additional $400$500 million with the consent of the lenders. This facility is scheduled to expire on July 2, 2024, however, we may extend the termination date for up to two additional one-year periods upon notice to the administrative agent under the facility.
The credit agreement contains certain financial and other covenants, customary representations, warranties and events of default. As of October 1, 2017,June 28, 2020, we were in compliance with all covenants pertaining to the credit agreement, and we had no significant compensating balance agreements that legally restricted these funds. For more information, refer to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our 2016 Annual2019Annual Report on Form 10-K.


The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 11

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)

In addition to the revolving credit facility, we maintain lines of credit with domestic and international commercial banks. We had short-term foreign bank loans against these lines of credit for $175,279 at October 1, 2017 and $158,805 at December 31, 2016. Commitment fees relating to our revolving credit facility and lines of credit are not material. Short-term debt consisted of the following:
At October 1, 2017, we had outstanding commercial paper totaling $640,309, at a weighted average interest rate
June 28, 2020December 31, 2019
Short-term foreign bank borrowings against lines of credit$48,421  $32,282  
U.S. commercial paper149,878  —  
Total short-term debt$198,299  $32,282  
Weighted average interest rate on outstanding commercial paper0.4 %N/A

Long-term Debt
Long-term debt consisted of 1.2%. At December 31, 2016, we had outstanding commercial paper totaling $473,666, at a weighted average interest rate of 0.6%.the following:
Debt Type and RateMaturity DateJune 28, 2020December 31, 2019
2.900% Notes (1)May 15, 2020$—  $350,000  
4.125% NotesDecember 1, 2020350,000  350,000  
8.800% DebenturesFebruary 15, 202184,715  84,715  
3.100% NotesMay 15, 2021350,000  350,000  
2.625% NotesMay 1, 2023250,000  250,000  
3.375% NotesMay 15, 2023500,000  500,000  
2.050% NotesNovember 15, 2024300,000  300,000  
0.900% Notes (2)June 1, 2025300,000  —  
3.200% NotesAugust 21, 2025300,000  300,000  
2.300% NotesAugust 15, 2026500,000  500,000  
7.200% DebenturesAugust 15, 2027193,639  193,639  
2.450% NotesNovember 15, 2029300,000  300,000  
1.700% Notes (2)June 1, 2030350,000  —  
3.375% NotesAugust 15, 2046300,000  300,000  
3.125% NotesNovember 15, 2049400,000  400,000  
2.650% Notes (2)June 1, 2050350,000  —  
Finance lease obligations (see Note 7)
80,447  79,643  
Net impact of interest rate swaps, debt issuance costs and unamortized debt discounts(29,142) (23,794) 
Total long-term debt4,879,659  4,234,203  
Less—current portion788,448  703,390  
Long-term portion$4,091,211  $3,530,813  

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 12

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSSTATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)



(1)In May 2020, we repaid $350,000 of 2.900% Notes due upon their maturity.
Long-term Debt
Long-term debt consisted(2)During the second quarter of 2020, we issued $300,000 of 0.900% Notes due in 2025, $350,000 of 1.700% Notes due in 2030 and $350,000 of 2.650% Notes due in 2050 (the "2020 Notes"). Proceeds from the issuance of the following:
December 31, October 1, 2017 December 31, 2016
1.60% Notes due 2018 300,000
 300,000
4.125% Notes due 2020 350,000
 350,000
8.8% Debentures due 2021 84,715
 84,715
2.625% Notes due 2023 250,000
 250,000
3.20% Notes due 2025 300,000
 300,000
2.30% Notes due 2026 500,000
 500,000
7.2% Debentures due 2027 193,639
 193,639
3.375% Notes due 2046 300,000
 300,000
Lease obligations 86,201
 83,619
Net impact of interest rate swaps, debt issuance costs and unamortized debt discounts (10,327) (14,275)
Total long-term debt 2,354,228
 2,347,698
Less—current portion 300,096
 243
Long-term portion $2,054,132
 $2,347,455
2020 Notes, net of discounts and issuance costs, totaled $989,876. The 2020 Notes were issued under a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 filed in May 2018 that registered an indeterminate amount of debt securities.
Interest Expense
Net interest expense consistedconsists of the following:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Interest expense$40,520  $39,192  $79,776  $79,855  
Capitalized interest(1,664) (1,391) (3,081) (2,648) 
Interest expense38,856  37,801  76,695  77,207  
Interest income(777) (4,025) (2,361) (5,973) 
Interest expense, net$38,079  $33,776  $74,334  $71,234  
  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
  October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016
Interest expense $25,955
 $25,882
 $76,208
 $72,404
Capitalized interest (1,033) (1,141) (2,892) (4,702)
Interest expense 24,922
 24,741
 73,316
 67,702
Interest income (333) (354) (860) (972)
Interest expense, net $24,589
 $24,387
 $72,456
 $66,730

5. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
We are exposed to market risks arising principally from changes in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and commodity prices. We use certain derivative instruments to manage these risks. These include interest rate swaps to manage interest rate risk, foreign currency forward exchange contracts and options to manage foreign currency exchange rate risk, and commodities futures and options contracts to manage commodity market price risk exposures.
In entering into these contracts, we have assumed the risk that might arise from the possible inability of counterparties to meet the terms of their contracts. We mitigate this risk by entering into exchanged-traded contracts with collateral posting requirements and/or by performing financial assessments prior to contract execution, conducting periodic evaluations of counterparty performance and maintaining a diverse portfolio of qualified counterparties. We do not expect any significant losses from counterparty defaults.

Commodity Price Risk
We enter into commodities futures and options contracts and other commodity derivative instruments to reduce the effect of future price fluctuations associated with the purchase of raw materials, energy requirements and transportation services. We generally hedge commodity price risks for 3- to 24-month periods. Our open commodity derivative contracts had a notional value assuming period-end market prices, of $408,983$817,521 as of October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and $739,374$589,662 as of December 31, 2016.2019.
THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)


Derivatives used to manage commodity price risk are not designated for hedge accounting treatment. Therefore, the changes in fair value of these derivatives are recorded as incurred within cost of sales. As discussed in Note 11,13, we define our segment income to exclude gains and losses on commodity derivatives until the related inventory is sold, at which time the related gains and losses are reflected within segment income.  This enables us to continue to align the derivative gains and losses with the underlying economic exposure being hedged and thereby eliminate the mark-to-market volatility within our reported segment income.

Foreign Exchange Price Risk
We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk related to our international operations, including non-functional currency intercompany debt and other non-functional currency transactions of certain subsidiaries. Principal currencies hedged include the euro, Canadian dollar, Japanese yen, British pound, Brazilian real and Brazilian real.Malaysian ringgit. We typically utilize foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge these exposures for periods ranging from 3 to 12 months. The contracts are either designated as cash flow hedges or are undesignated. The net notional amount of foreign exchange contracts accounted for as cash flow hedges was $107,507$84,383 at October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and $68,263$65,826 at December 31, 2016.2019. The effective portion of the changes in fair value on these contracts is recorded in other

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 13

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)

comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the same period in which the hedged transactions affect earnings. The net notional amount of foreign exchange contracts that are not designated as accounting hedges was $2,791$42,057 at October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and $50,831 at December 31, 2016.2019. The change in fair value on these instruments is recorded directly in cost of sales or selling, marketing and administrative expense, depending on the nature of the underlying exposure.
Interest Rate Risk
We manage our targeted mix of fixed and floating rate debt with debt issuances and by entering into fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps in order to mitigate fluctuations in earnings and cash flows that may result from interest rate volatility. These swaps are designated as fair value hedges, for which the gain or loss on the derivative and the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item are recognized in current earnings as interest expense (income), net. At October 1, 2017We had one interest rate derivative instrument in a fair value hedging relationship with a notional amount of $350,000 at June 28, 2020 and December 31, 2016, we had interest rate derivative instruments in fair value hedging relationships with a total notional amount of $350,000.2019.
In order to manage interest rate exposure, in previous years we utilized interest rate swap agreements to protect against unfavorable interest rate changes relating to forecasted debt transactions. These swaps, which were settled upon issuance of the related debt, were designated as cash flow hedges and the gains and losses that were deferred in other comprehensive income are being recognized as an adjustment to interest expense over the same period that the hedged interest payments affect earnings.
Equity Price Risk
We are exposed to market price changes in certain broad market indices related to our deferred compensation obligations to our employees. To mitigate this risk, we use equity swap contracts to hedge the portion of the exposure that is linked to market-level equity returns. These contracts are not designated as hedges for accounting purposes and are entered into for periods of 3 to 12 months. The change in fair value of these derivatives is recorded in selling, marketing and administrative expense, together with the change in the related liabilities. The notional amount of the contracts outstanding at October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and December 31, 20162019 was $24,164$22,995 and $22,099,$28,187, respectively.
THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)


The following table presents the classification of derivative assets and liabilities within the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and December 31, 2016:2019:
June 28, 2020December 31, 2019
Assets (1)Liabilities (1)Assets (1)Liabilities (1)
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments:
Foreign exchange contracts$4,492  $370  $1,235  $1,779  
Derivatives designated as fair value hedging instruments:
Interest rate swap agreements2,829  —  555  —  
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Commodities futures and options (2)—  23,840  9,080  626  
Deferred compensation derivatives4,626  —  2,557  —  
Foreign exchange contracts—  2,111  1,496  —  
4,626  25,951  13,133  626  
Total$11,947  $26,321  $14,923  $2,405  

(1)Derivatives assets are classified on our Consolidated Balance Sheets within prepaid expenses and other as well as other assets. Derivative liabilities are classified on our Consolidated Balance Sheets within accrued liabilities and other long-term liabilities.

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 14

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)

December 31, October 1, 2017 December 31, 2016
  Assets (1) Liabilities (1) Assets (1) Liabilities (1)
Derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments:        
Foreign exchange contracts $421
 $4,216
 $2,229
 $809
         
Derivatives designated as fair value hedging instruments:        
Interest rate swap agreements 4,571
 
 1,768
 
         
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:        
Commodities futures and options (2) 6,222
 295
 2,348
 10,000
Deferred compensation derivatives 994
 
 717
 
Foreign exchange contracts 14
 
 
 16
  7,230
 295
 3,065
 10,016
Total $12,222
 $4,511
 $7,062
 $10,825

(1)Derivatives assets are classified on our balance sheet within prepaid expenses and other as well as other assets. Derivative liabilities are classified on our balance sheet within accrued liabilities and other long-term liabilities.
(2)As of October 1, 2017, assets and liabilities include the net of assets of $38,963 and liabilities of $33,780 associated with cash transfers receivable or payable on commodities futures contracts reflecting the change in quoted market prices on the last trading day for the period. The comparable amounts reflected on a net basis in liabilities at December 31, 2016 were assets of $140,885 and liabilities of $150,872. At October 1, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the remaining amount reflected in assets and liabilities relates to the fair value of other non-exchange traded derivative instruments, respectively.

(2)As of June 28, 2020, amounts reflected on a net basis in liabilities were assets of $95,969 and liabilities of $117,217, which are associated with cash transfers receivable or payable on commodities futures contracts reflecting the change in quoted market prices on the last trading day for the period. The comparable amounts reflected on a net basis in assets at December 31, 2019 were assets of $46,075 and liabilities of $37,606. At June 28, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the remaining amount reflected in assets and liabilities related to the fair value of other non-exchange traded derivative instruments, respectively.
Income Statement Impact of Derivative Instruments
The effect of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016June 30, 2019 was as follows:
Non-designated HedgesCash Flow Hedges
Gains (losses) recognized in income (a)Gains (losses) recognized in other comprehensive income (“OCI”)Gains (losses) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (b)
202020192020201920202019
Commodities futures and options$2,624  $55,531  $—  $—  $—  $—  
Foreign exchange contracts(554) (526) 675  (2,547) 1,138  975  
Interest rate swap agreements—  —  —  —  (2,343) (2,370) 
Deferred compensation derivatives4,626  (2,070) —  —  —  —  
Total$6,696  $52,935  $675  $(2,547) $(1,205) $(1,395) 
  Non-designated Hedges Cash Flow Hedges
   
  Gains (losses) recognized in income (a) Losses recognized in other comprehensive income (“OCI”) (effective portion) Gains (losses) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion) (b)
             
  2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016
Commodities futures and options $(2,445) $(37,246) $
 $
 $(488) $7,780
Foreign exchange contracts 11
 (27) (1,339) 1,628
 869
 (2,659)
Interest rate swap agreements 
 
 
 (274) (2,343) (2,833)
Deferred compensation derivatives 349
 665
 
 
 
 
Total $(2,085) $(36,608) $(1,339) $1,354
 $(1,962) $2,288


THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)


(a)Gains (losses) recognized in income for non-designated commodities futures and options contracts were included in cost of sales. Gains (losses) recognized in income for non-designated foreign currency forward exchange contracts and deferred compensation derivatives were included in selling, marketing and administrative expenses.
(b)Gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income were included in cost of sales for commodities futures and options contracts and for foreign currency forward exchange contracts designated as hedges of purchases of inventory or other productive assets. Other gains (losses) for foreign currency forward exchange contracts were included in selling, marketing and administrative expenses. Losses reclassified from AOCI into income for interest rate swap agreements were included in interest expense.
The effect of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income for the ninesix months ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016June 30, 2019 was as follows:
Non-designated HedgesCash Flow Hedges
Gains (losses) recognized in income (a)Gains (losses) recognized in OCIGains (losses) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (b)
202020192020201920202019
Commodities futures and options$(74,468) $28,890  $—  $—  $—  $—  
Foreign exchange contracts(3,876) (311) 6,056  (3,336) 1,390  1,906  
Interest rate swap agreements—  —  —  —  (4,687) (4,739) 
Deferred compensation derivatives(1,133) 973  —  —  —  —  
Total$(79,477) $29,552  $6,056  $(3,336) $(3,297) $(2,833) 
  Non-designated Hedges Cash Flow Hedges
   
  Gains (losses) recognized in income (a) Losses recognized in other comprehensive income (“OCI”) (effective portion) Gains (losses) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income (effective portion) (b)
             
  2017 2016 2017 2016 2017 2016
Commodities futures and options $(40,500) $(37,176) $
 $
 $(1,325) $23,648
Foreign exchange contracts (40) (484) (3,545) (6,404) 1,087
 (3,681)
Interest rate swap agreements 
 
 
 (47,223) (7,136) (5,903)
Deferred compensation derivatives 994
 1,486
 
 
 
 
Total $(39,546) $(36,174) $(3,545) $(53,627) $(7,374) $14,064


(a)Gains (losses) recognized in income for non-designated commodities futures and options contracts were included in cost of sales. Gains (losses) recognized in income for non-designated foreign currency forward exchange contracts and deferred compensation derivatives were included in selling, marketing and administrative expenses.
(a)Gains (losses) recognized in income for non-designated commodities futures and options contracts were included in cost of sales. Gains (losses) recognized in income for non-designated foreign currency forward exchange contracts and deferred compensation derivatives were included in selling, marketing and administrative expenses.
(b)Gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income were included in cost of sales for commodities futures and options contracts and for foreign currency forward exchange contracts designated as hedges of purchases of inventory or other productive assets. Other gains (losses) for foreign currency forward exchange contracts were included in selling, marketing and administrative expenses. Losses reclassified from AOCI into income for interest rate swap agreements were included in interest expense.
(b)Gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income for foreign currency forward exchange contracts were included in selling, marketing and administrative expenses. Losses reclassified from AOCI into income for interest rate swap agreements were included in interest expense.
The amount of pretax net losses on derivative instruments, including interest rate swap agreements and foreign currency forward exchange contracts and options, commodities futures and options contracts, and other commodity derivative instruments expected to be reclassified from AOCI into earnings in the next 12 months was approximately $13,299$5,252 as of October 1, 2017.June 28, 2020. This amount is primarily associated with deferred losses relating to interest rate swap agreements.
Fair Value HedgesHedging Relationships
ForThe following table presents amounts that were recorded on the three months ended October 1, 2017Consolidated Balance Sheets related to cumulative basis adjustments for interest rate swap derivatives designated as fair value accounting hedges as of June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016, we recognized a net pretax benefit to interest expense of $573 and $1,022 relating to our fixed-to-floating interest swap arrangements. For the nine months ended October 1, 2017 and October 2, 2016, we recognized a net pretax benefit to interest expense of $2,203 and $3,477 relating to our fixed-to-floating interest swap arrangements.December 31, 2019.

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 15

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSSTATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)



Line Item in the Consolidated Balance Sheets in Which the Hedged Item is IncludedCarrying Amount of the
Hedged Asset/(Liability)
Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment Included in the Carrying Amount Assets/(Liabilities)
June 28, 2020December 31, 2019June 28, 2020December 31, 2019
Long-term debt$(347,171) $(349,445) $2,829  $555  
For the three months ended June 28, 2020 and June 30, 2019, we recognized a net pretax benefit to interest expense of $608 and net incremental interest expense of $584, respectively, relating to our fixed-to-floating interest swap arrangements. For the six months ended June 28, 2020 and June 30, 2019, we recognized a net pretax benefit to interest expense of $759 and net incremental interest expense of $1,214, respectively, relating to our fixed-to-floating interest swap arrangements.
6. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Accounting guidance on fair value measurements requires that financial assets and liabilities be classified and disclosed in one of the following categories of the fair value hierarchy:
Level 1 – Based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market.
Level 2 – Based on observable market-based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.
Level 3 – Based on unobservable inputs that reflect the entity's own assumptions about the assumptions that a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability.


We did not0t have any level 3 financial assets or liabilities, nor were there any transfers between levels during the periods presented.
The following table presents assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value in the Consolidated Balance Sheets on a recurring basis as of October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and December 31, 2016:2019:
Assets (Liabilities)
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
June 28, 2020:
Derivative Instruments:
Assets:
Foreign exchange contracts (1)$—  $4,492  $—  $4,492  
Interest rate swap agreements (2)—  2,829  —  2,829  
Deferred compensation derivatives (3)—  4,626  —  4,626  
Liabilities:
Foreign exchange contracts (1)—  2,481  —  2,481  
Commodities futures and options (4)23,840  —  —  23,840  
December 31, 2019:
Assets:
Foreign exchange contracts (1)$—  $2,731  $—  $2,731  
Interest rate swap agreements (2)—  555  —  555  
Deferred compensation derivatives (3)—  2,557  —  2,557  
Commodities futures and options (4)9,080  —  —  9,080  
Liabilities:
Foreign exchange contracts (1)—  1,779  —  1,779  
Commodities futures and options (4)626  —  —  626  
(1)The fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts is the difference between the contract and current market foreign currency exchange rates at the end of the period. We estimate the fair value of foreign

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 16
  Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
October 1, 2017:        
Derivative Instruments:        
     Assets:        
           Foreign exchange contracts (1) $
 $435
 $
 $435
           Interest rate swap agreements (2) 
 4,571
 
 4,571
           Deferred compensation derivatives (3) 
 994
 
 994
           Commodities futures and options (4) 6,222
 
 
 6,222
     Liabilities:        
            Foreign exchange contracts (1) 
 4,216
 
 4,216
            Commodities futures and options (4) 295
 
 
 295
December 31, 2016:        
     Assets:        
           Foreign exchange contracts (1) $
 $2,229
 $
 $2,229
           Interest rate swap agreements (2) 
 1,768
 
 1,768
           Deferred compensation derivatives (3) 
 717
 
 717
           Commodities futures and options (4) 2,348
 
 
 2,348
     Liabilities:        
           Foreign exchange contracts (1) 
 825
 
 825
           Commodities futures and options (4) 10,000
 
 
 10,000
(1)The fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts is the difference between the contract and current market foreign currency exchange rates at the end of the period. We estimate the fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts on a quarterly basis by obtaining market quotes of spot and forward rates for contracts with similar terms, adjusted where necessary for maturity differences.
(2)The fair value of interest rate swap agreements represents the difference in the present value of cash flows calculated at the contracted interest rates and at current market interest rates at the end of the period. We calculate the fair value of interest rate swap agreements quarterly based on the quoted market price for the same or similar financial instruments.
(3)The fair value of deferred compensation derivatives is based on quoted prices for market interest rates and a broad market equity index.
(4)The fair value of commodities futures and options contracts is based on quoted market prices.

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSSTATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)



currency forward exchange contracts on a quarterly basis by obtaining market quotes of spot and forward rates for contracts with similar terms, adjusted where necessary for maturity differences.
(2)The fair value of interest rate swap agreements represents the difference in the present value of cash flows calculated at the contracted interest rates and at current market interest rates at the end of the period. We calculate the fair value of interest rate swap agreements quarterly based on the quoted market price for the same or similar financial instruments.
(3)The fair value of deferred compensation derivatives is based on quoted prices for market interest rates and a broad market equity index.
(4)The fair value of commodities futures and options contracts is based on quoted market prices.
Other Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and short-term debt approximated fair values as of October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016December 31, 2019 because of the relatively short maturity of these instruments.
The estimated fair value of our long-term debt is based on quoted market prices for similar debt issues and is, therefore, classified as Level 2 within the valuation hierarchy. The fair values and carrying values of long-term debt, including the current portion, were as follows:
 Fair Value Carrying ValueFair ValueCarrying Value
 October 1, 2017 December 31, 2016 October 1, 2017 December 31, 2016June 28, 2020December 31, 2019June 28, 2020December 31, 2019
Current portion of long-term debt $300,348
 $243
 $300,096
 $243
Current portion of long-term debt$806,276  $712,863  $788,448  $703,390  
Long-term debt 2,114,276
 2,379,054
 2,054,132
 2,347,455
Long-term debt4,402,998  3,656,540  4,091,211  3,530,813  
Total $2,414,624
 $2,379,297
 $2,354,228
 $2,347,698
Total$5,209,274  $4,369,403  $4,879,659  $4,234,203  
Other Fair Value Measurements
In addition to assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, GAAP requires that, under certain circumstances, we also record assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Generally, assets are recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as a result of impairment charges.
2020 Activity
During the first quarter of 2017,six months ended June 28, 2020, we recorded the following impairment charges, which use significant unobservable inputs, or Level 3 inputs, as defined by the fair value hierarchy:
2020
Adjustment to disposal group (1)$6,200 
Other asset write-down (2)2,943 
Long-lived asset impairment charges$9,143 
(1)In connection with our disposal group classified as held for sale, as discussed in Note 7,8, during 2020, we recorded impairment charges to adjust long-lived asset values. The fair value of the disposal group was supported by potential sales prices with third-party buyers. We expect the sale of the disposal group to be completed during 2020.
(2)In connection with a previous sale, the Company wrote-down certain receivables deemed uncollectible.

2019 Activity
During the second quarter of 2019, we recorded impairment charges totaling $105,992 to write-down distributor relationship and trademark intangible$4,741. These charges were predominantly comprised of select long-lived assets that had been recognized innot yet met the held for sale criteria.
In connection with the 2014 SGM acquisition of ONE Brands in the third quarter of 2019, as discussed in Note 2, we used various valuation techniques to determine fair value, with the primary techniques being discounted cash flow analysis, relief-from-royalty, a form of the multi-period excess earnings and wrote-down property, plant and equipmentthe with-and-without valuation approaches, which use significant unobservable inputs, or Level 3 inputs, as defined by $102,720. These charges were determined by comparing the fair value hierarchy.

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 17

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)

7. LEASES
We lease office and retail space, warehouse and distribution facilities, land, vehicles, and equipment. We determine if an agreement is or contains a lease at inception. Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet.
Right-of-use ("ROU") assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and liabilities are based on the estimated present value of lease payments over the lease term and are recognized at the lease commencement date.
As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our estimated incremental borrowing rate in determining the present value of lease payments. The estimated incremental borrowing rate is derived from information available at the lease commencement date.
Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. A limited number of our lease agreements include rental payments adjusted periodically for inflation. Our lease agreements generally do not contain residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
For real estate, equipment and vehicles that support selling, marketing and general administrative activities the Company accounts for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component. These asset categories comprise the majority of our leases. The lease and non-lease components of real estate and equipment leases supporting production activities are not accounted for as a single lease component. Consideration for such contracts are allocated to the lease component and non-lease components based upon relative standalone prices either observable or estimated if observable prices are not readily available.
As a result of the impact of COVID-19 on our ability to operate certain parts of our business, during the second quarter of 2020, we received immaterial rent concessions primarily on select office space. We will continue to evaluate the nature and extent of potential COVID-19 impacts on our long-lived asset groups, including any required reassessment of lease agreements.
The components of lease expense for the three months ended June 28, 2020 and June 30, 2019 were as follows:
Three Months Ended
Lease expenseClassificationJune 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Operating lease costCost of sales or SM&A (1)$10,673  $10,273  
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of ROU assetsDepreciation and amortization (1)1,949  1,884  
Interest on lease liabilitiesInterest expense, net1,112  1,112  
Net lease cost (2)$13,734  $13,269  

The components of lease expense for the six months ended June 28, 2020 and June 30, 2019 were as follows:
Six Months Ended
Lease expenseClassificationJune 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Operating lease costCost of sales or SM&A (1)$21,217  $20,487  
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of ROU assetsDepreciation and amortization (1)3,979  3,818  
Interest on lease liabilitiesInterest expense, net2,234  2,213  
Net lease cost (2)$27,430  $26,518  
(1)Supply chain-related amounts were included in cost of sales.
(2)Net lease cost does not include short-term leases, variable lease costs or sublease income, all of which are immaterial.


The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 18

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)


Information regarding our lease terms and discount rates were as follows:
June 28, 2020December 31, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years)
Operating leases13.214.3
Finance leases30.331.4
Weighted-average discount rate
Operating leases3.9 %3.8 %
Finance leases5.9 %6.0 %

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases were as follows:
LeasesClassificationJune 28, 2020December 31, 2019
Assets
Operating lease ROU assetsOther assets (non-current)$222,854  $220,678  
Finance lease ROU assets, at costProperty, plant and equipment, gross100,841  101,142  
Accumulated amortizationAccumulated depreciation(6,570) (7,225) 
Finance lease ROU assets, netProperty, plant and equipment, net94,271  93,917  
Total leased assets$317,125  $314,595  
Liabilities
Current
OperatingAccrued liabilities$31,234  $29,209  
FinanceCurrent portion of long-term debt4,575  4,079  
Non-current
OperatingOther long-term liabilities184,626  184,163  
FinanceLong-term debt75,872  75,564  
Total lease liabilities$296,307  $293,015  

The maturity of our lease liabilities as of June 28, 2020 were as follows:
Operating leasesFinance leasesTotal
2020 (rest of year)$19,802  $4,260  $24,062  
202137,074  7,925  44,999  
202223,244  6,307  29,551  
202315,446  4,620  20,066  
202414,118  4,579  18,697  
Thereafter172,979  165,115  338,094  
Total lease payments282,663  192,806  475,469  
Less: Imputed interest66,803  112,359  179,162  
Total lease liabilities$215,860  $80,447  $296,307  



The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 19

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)

As of June 28, 2020, the Company had entered additional leases as a lessee, primarily for real estate. These leases have not yet commenced and will result in ROU assets and corresponding lease liabilities of approximately $13,000. These leases are expected to their carrying value. commence during the second half of 2020, with lease terms between a year and half and five years.

Supplemental cash flow and other information related to leases were as follows:
Six Months Ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases21,335  19,142  
Operating cash flows from finance leases2,234  2,213  
Financing cash flows from finance leases2,105  1,920  
ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities:
Operating leases20,814  21,838  
Finance leases2,076  3,498  

8. ASSETS AND LIABILITIES HELD FOR SALE
As of June 28, 2020, the following disposal group has been classified as held for sale and stated at the lower of net book value or estimated sales value less costs to sell:
The fair valueLotte Shanghai Foods Co., Ltd. ("LSFC") joint venture, which was taken out of operation and classified as held for sale during the second quarter of 2018. We sold a portion of the joint venture's equipment in the third and fourth quarters of 2018, and expect the sale of the remaining business to be completed during 2020.
The amounts classified as assets were derived using a combination of an estimated market liquidation approach and discounted cash flow analyses based on Level 3 inputs.liabilities held for sale at June 28, 2020 are not significant.
7.9. BUSINESS REALIGNMENT ACTIVITIES
We are currently pursuing severalperiodically undertake business realignment activities designed to increase our efficiency and focus our business behindin support of our key growth strategies. Severance and other program costs associated with business realignment activities are classified in our Consolidated Statements of Income as follows:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Selling, marketing and administrative expense$2,645  $238  $2,645  $660  
Business realignment (benefits) costs(1,370) 6,140  (475) 6,202  
Costs associated with business realignment activities$1,275  $6,378  $2,170  $6,862  
Costs recorded by program during the three and ninesix months ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016June 30, 2019 related to these activities arewere as follows:
 Three Months Ended Nine Months EndedThree Months EndedSix Months Ended
 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Margin for Growth Program:        Margin for Growth Program:
Severance $2,876
 $
 $33,331
 $
Severance$(1,410) $5,823  $(653) $5,823  
Accelerated depreciation 
 
 6,873
 
Other program costs 5,013
 
 16,216
 
Other program costs2,685  555  2,823  1,039  
Operational Optimization Program:        
Accelerated depreciation and amortization 
 24,470
 
 57,948
Severance 
 87
 13,828
 17,442
Other program costs 368
 414
 (549) 9,822
2015 Productivity Initiative:        
Pension settlement charge 
 
 
 13,669
Severance 
 2,243
 
 (543)
Other program costs 
 748
 
 6,149
Total business realignment costs $8,257
 $27,962
 $69,699
 $104,487
TotalTotal$1,275  $6,378  $2,170  $6,862  


The costs and related benefits to be derived from the Margin for Growth Program relate approximately 85% to the North America segment and 15% to the International and Other segment for the three months ended October 1, 2017.Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 20

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSSTATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)



The following table presents the liability activity for costs qualifying as exit and disposal costs for the six months ended June 28, 2020:
Total
Liability balance at December 31, 2019$9,118 
2020 business realignment charges (1)2,170 
Cash payments(8,192)
Liability balance at June 28, 2020 (reported within accrued liabilities)$3,096 

(1)The costs reflected in the liability roll-forward represent employee-related and certain third-party service provider charges.
The costs and related benefits to be derived fromof the Margin for Growth Program relate approximately 45%63% to the North America segment and 55%37% to the International and Other segment for the nine months ended October 1, 2017. The costs and related benefits to be derived from the Operational Optimization Program primarily relate to the North America segment in 2017 and to the International and Other segment in 2016. The costs and related benefits to be derived from the 2015 Productivity Initiative relate primarily to the North American segment. However, segment operating results do not include these business realignment expenses because we evaluate segment performance excluding such costs.
Margin for Growth Program
In Februarythe first quarter 2017, the Company's Board of Directors ("Board") unanimously approved several initiatives under a single program designed to drive continued net sales, operating income and earnings per-share diluted growth over the next several years.  This program will focusfocused on improving global efficiency and effectiveness, optimizing the Company’s supply chain, streamlining the Company’s operating model and reducing administrative expenses to generate long-term savings. 
The Company estimates that the “Margin for Growth” program will result in totalTotal pre-tax charges of $375,000 to $425,000 over the next three years.execute this Margin for Growth Program were $347,704. This estimate includes plant and office closure expenses of $100,000 to $115,000, net intangiblelong-lived asset impairment charges of $100,000$208,712 related to $110,000,the operations supporting our China business in 2017, as well as a $16,300 incremental impairment charge resulting from the sale of our Shanghai Golden Monkey business. In addition to the impairment charges, we incurred employee separation costs of $80,000 to $100,000, contract termination costs of approximately $25,000,$52,457 and other business realignment costs of $70,000 to $75,000.$70,235. The program was completed during the second quarter of 2020 and the cash portion of the total charge is estimated to be $175,000 to $200,000. At the conclusion of the program in 2019, ongoing annual savings are expected to be approximately $150,000 to $175,000.charges was $105,130. The Company expects that implementation of the program will reducereduced its global workforce by approximately 15%, as a result of this program, with a majority of the reductions coming from hourly headcount positions outside of the United States.
The program includes an initiative to optimizeFor the manufacturing operations supporting our China business.  We deemed this to be a triggering event requiring us to test our China long-lived asset group for impairment by first determining whether the carrying value of the asset group was recovered by our current estimates of future cash flowsthree and six months ended June 28, 2020, we recognized total costs associated with the asset group. Because this assessment indicated that the carrying value was not recoverable, we calculated an impairment loss as the excessMargin for Growth Program of the asset group's carrying value over its fair value. The resulting impairment loss was allocated to the asset group's long-lived assets. Therefore, as a result of this testing, during the first quarter of 2017, we recorded impairment charges totaling $208,712, with $105,992 representing the portion of the impairment loss that was allocated to the distributor relationship$1,275 and trademark intangible assets that had been recognized in connection with the 2014 SGM acquisition and $102,720 representing the portion of the impairment loss that was allocated to property, plant and equipment. These impairment charges are recorded in the long-lived asset impairment charges caption within the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
During$2,170, respectively. For the three and ninesix months ended October 1, 2017,June 30, 2019, we recognized estimated employee severance totaling $2,876total costs associated with the Margin for Growth Program of $6,378 and $33,331,$6,862, respectively. These charges relateincluded employee severance, largely relating to our initiativeinitiatives to improve the cost structure of our China business, as well as our initiative to further streamline our corporate operating model. We also recognized non-cash, asset-related incremental depreciation expense totaling $6,873 for the nine months ended October 1, 2017model as part of optimizing the North Americaour global supply chain. During the three and nine months ended October 1, 2017,In addition, we also recognizedincurred other program costs, totaling $5,013 and $16,216, respectively. These charges relatewhich related primarily to third-party charges forin support of our initiative of improvingto improve global efficiency and effectiveness.
2016 Operational Optimization Program
In the second quarter of 2016, we commenced a program (the “Operational Optimization Program”) to optimize our production and supply chain network, which includes select facility consolidations. The program encompasses the continued transition of our China chocolate and SGM operations into a united Golden Hershey platform, including the integration of the China sales force, as well as workforce planning efforts and the consolidation of production within certain facilities in China and North America.
During the three months ended October 1, 2017, we recognized costs of $368. During the nine months ended October 1, 2017, we recognized costs of $13,279 primarily related to employee severance associated with the workforce planning efforts within North America. We currently expect to incur additional cash costs of approximately $9,000 over the next 18 months to complete this program.
THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)


During the first quarter of 2017, we reclassified property, plant and equipment and land use rights with a total book value of $20,303 to prepaid and other current assets within the Consolidated Balance Sheets. These represent select China facilities that were taken out of operation in connection with this program and are currently being marketed for sale.
2015 Productivity Initiative
In mid-2015, we initiated a productivity initiative (the “2015 Productivity Initiative”) intended to move decision making closer to the customer and the consumer, to enable a more enterprise-wide approach to innovation, to more swiftly advance our knowledge agenda, and to provide for a more efficient cost structure, while ensuring that we effectively allocate resources to future growth areas. Overall, the 2015 Productivity Initiative was undertaken to simplify the organizational structure to enhance the Company's ability to rapidly anticipate and respond to the changing demands of the global consumer.
The 2015 Productivity Initiative was executed throughout the third and fourth quarters of 2015, resulting in a net reduction of approximately 300 positions, with the majority of the departures taking place by the end of 2015. The 2015 Productivity Initiative was completed during the third quarter 2016. We incurred total costs of $125,031 relating to this program, including pension settlement charges of $13,669 recorded through the nine months ended October 2, 2016 relating to lump sum withdrawals by employees retiring or leaving the Company as a result of this program.
Costs associated with business realignment activities are classified in our Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2017 and October 2, 2016 as follows:
  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
  October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016
Cost of sales $213
 $24,470
 $6,475
 $57,948
Selling, marketing and administrative expense 4,024
 1,162
 13,206
 15,971
Business realignment costs 4,020
 2,330
 50,018
 30,568
Costs associated with business realignment activities $8,257
 $27,962
 $69,699
 $104,487
The following table presents the liability activity for costs qualifying as exit and disposal costs:
 Total
Liability balance at December 31, 2016$3,725
2017 business realignment charges (1)61,253
Cash payments(23,742)
Other, net(69)
Liability balance at October 1, 2017 (reported within accrued and other long-term liabilities)$41,167
(1)The costs reflected in the liability roll-forward represents employee-related and third-party service provider charges. These costs do not include items charged directly to expense, such as accelerated depreciation and amortization and certain of the third-party charges associated with various programs, as those items are not reflected in the business realignment liability in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
8.10. INCOME TAXES
The majority of our taxable income is generated in the U.S.United States and taxed at the U.S. statutory rate of 35%21%. The effective tax rates for the ninesix months ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016June 30, 2019 were 32.4%19.8% and 33.0%18.7%, respectively. Relative to the statutory rate, the 20172020 effective tax rate was impacted by a favorable foreign rate differential relating to foreign operations and cocoa procurement, investment tax credits and the benefit of ASU 2016-09, which wereemployee share-based payments, partially offset by non-benefited costs resulting from the Margin for Growth Program.  The 2016 effective rate benefited from the impact of non-taxable income related to the settlement of the SGM liability and investment tax credits.
THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)


state taxes.
Hershey and its subsidiaries file tax returns in the U.S.,United States, including various state and local returns, and in other foreign jurisdictions. We believe adequate provision has been made for all income tax uncertainties. We are routinely audited by taxing authorities in our filing jurisdictions, and a number of these audits are currently underway.underway, including multi-year audits at various stages of review in Malaysia, Mexico and the United States. The outcome of tax audits cannot be predicted with certainty, including the timing of resolution or potential settlements. If any issues addressed in our tax audits are resolved in a manner not consistent with management’s expectations, we could be required to adjust our provision for income taxes in the period such resolution occurs. Based on our current assessments, we believe adequate provision has been made for all income tax uncertainties. We reasonably expect reductions in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $7,191$3,353 within the next 12 months because of the expiration of statutes of limitations and settlements of tax audits.

9.

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 21

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)

Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act
On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (“CARES”) Act was signed into law. The CARES Act provides a substantial stimulus and assistance package intended to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including tax relief and government loans, grants and investments. The CARES Act did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 28, 2020.
11. PENSION AND OTHER POST-RETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS
Net Periodic Benefit Cost
The components of net periodic benefit cost for the third quarterthree months ended June 28, 2020 and June 30, 2019 were as follows:
 Pension Benefits Other BenefitsPension BenefitsOther Benefits
 Three Months Ended Three Months EndedThree Months EndedThree Months Ended
 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Service cost $5,262
 $5,794
 $66
 $75
Service cost$5,411  $5,210  $41  $37  
Interest cost 10,320
 10,130
 2,214
 2,435
Interest cost6,966  9,150  1,505  1,959  
Expected return on plan assets (14,390) (14,700) 
 
Expected return on plan assets(13,142) (13,493) —  —  
Amortization of prior service (credit) cost (1,455) (262) 187
 144
Amortization of prior service (credit) cost(1,824) (1,808) 75  203  
Amortization of net loss 8,526
 8,803
 (1) (4)
Amortization of net loss (gain)Amortization of net loss (gain)6,582  8,421  (10) (96) 
Settlement loss 17,043
 3,147
 
 
Settlement loss3,653  —  —  —  
Total net periodic benefit cost $25,306
 $12,912
 $2,466
 $2,650
Total net periodic benefit cost$7,646  $7,480  $1,611  $2,103  
We made contributions of $31,512$248 and $6,922$3,976 to the pension plans and other benefits plans, respectively, during the thirdsecond quarter of 2017.2020. In the thirdsecond quarter of 2016,2019, we made contributions of $18,549$272 and $7,473$3,986 to our pension plans and other benefitsbenefit plans, respectively. The contributions in 20172020 and 20162019 also included benefit payments from our non-qualified pension plans and post-retirement benefit plans.
The components of net periodic benefit cost for the year-to-date periodssix months ended June 28, 2020 and June 30, 2019 were as follows:
Pension BenefitsOther Benefits
Six Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Service cost$10,843  $10,417  $80  $75  
Interest cost13,956  18,306  3,012  3,918  
Expected return on plan assets(26,310) (26,989) —  —  
Amortization of prior service (credit) cost(3,651) (3,617) 150  406  
Amortization of net loss (gain)13,164  16,841  (19) (192) 
Settlement loss3,653  —  —  —  
Total net periodic benefit cost$11,655  $14,958  $3,223  $4,207  
  Pension Benefits Other Benefits
  Nine Months Ended Nine Months Ended
  October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016
Service cost $15,487
 $17,377
 $197
 $224
Interest cost 30,819
 31,914
 6,626
 7,300
Expected return on plan assets (43,088) (44,073) 
 
Amortization of prior service (credit) cost (4,366) (785) 560
 432
Amortization of net loss (gain) 25,308
 26,411
 (1) (10)
Settlement loss 17,043
 20,085
 
 
Total net periodic benefit cost $41,203
 $50,929
 $7,382
 $7,946


We made contributions of $36,497$1,005 and $21,386$7,328 to the pension plans and other benefits plans, respectively, during the first ninesix months of 2017.2020. In the first ninesix months of 2016,2019, we made contributions of $20,385$1,170 and $22,181$7,749 to our pension plans and other benefitsbenefit plans, respectively. The contributions in 20172020 and 20162019 also included benefit payments from our non-qualified pension plans and post-retirement benefit plans.


For 2017, there are no significant minimum funding requirements for our domesticThe non-service cost components of net periodic benefit cost relating to pension and other post-retirement benefit plans and planned voluntary fundingis reflected within other (income) expense, net in the Consolidated Statements of our non-domestic pension plans in 2017 is not material.Income (see Note 18).



The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 22

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSSTATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)



During the thirdsecond quarter of 2017, cumulative lump sum distributions from our supplemental executive retirement plan exceeded the plan’s anticipated annual service and interest costs, triggering the recognition of non-cash2020, we recognized pension settlement charges due to the acceleration of a portion of the accumulated unrecognized actuarial loss. In addition, settlement charges were also triggered in the pension plan benefiting our employees in Puerto Rico as a result of lump sum distributions and the purchase of annuity contracts relating to the termination of this plan. In connection with these settlements, the related plan assets and liabilities were remeasured at September 1, 2017 using a discount rate of 3.44%, compared to 3.81% as of December 31, 2016 and an expected rate of return on plan assets of 5.8%.

During the three and nine months ended October 2, 2016, settlement charges in our salaried defined benefit pensionhourly retirement plan were triggered bydue to lump sum withdrawals by employees retiring or leaving the Company as a result of the 2015 Productivity Initiative.Margin for Growth Program.
The non-cash settlement charges, which represent the acceleration of a portion of the respective plan’s accumulated unrecognized actuarial loss, were triggered when the cumulative lump sum distributions exceeded the plan's anticipated annual service and interest costs. In connection with the second quarter 2020 settlements, the related plan assets and liabilities were remeasured using a discount rate as of the remeasurement date that was 69 basis points lower than the rate as of December 31, 2019 and an expected rate of return on plan assets of 5.3%.
10.
12. STOCK COMPENSATION PLANS
We have variousShare-based grants for compensation and incentive purposes are made pursuant to the Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan (“EICP”). The EICP provides for grants of one or more of the following stock-based compensation programs under which awards including stock options, performance stock units (“PSUs”) and performance stock, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and restricted stock may be granted to employees, non-employee directors and certain service providers upon whom the successful conduct of our business is dependent. These programsdependent:
Non-qualified stock options ("stock options");
Performance stock units ("PSUs") and performance stock;
Stock appreciation rights;
Restricted stock units ("RSUs") and restricted stock; and
Other stock-based awards.
The EICP also provides for the accounting treatment related theretodeferral of stock-based compensation awards by participants if approved by the Compensation and Executive Organization Committee of our Board and if in accordance with an applicable deferred compensation plan of the Company. Currently, the Compensation and Executive Organization Committee has authorized the deferral of PSU and RSU awards by certain eligible employees under the Company’s Deferred Compensation Plan. Our Board has authorized our non-employee directors to defer any portion of their cash retainer, committee chair fees and RSUs awarded that they elect to convert into deferred stock units under our Directors’ Compensation Plan.
At the time stock options are describedexercised or PSUs and RSUs become payable, Common Stock is issued from our accumulated treasury shares. Dividend equivalents are credited on RSUs on the same date and at the same rate as dividends paid on our Common Stock. Dividend equivalents are charged to retained earnings and included in Note 10accrued liabilities until paid.
Awards to employees eligible for retirement prior to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.award becoming fully vested are amortized to expense over the period through the date that the employee first becomes eligible to retire and is no longer required to provide service to earn the award. In addition, historical data is used to estimate forfeiture rates and record share-based compensation expense only for those awards that are expected to vest.
For the periods presented, compensation expense for all types of stock-based compensation programs and the related income tax benefit recognized were as follows:
 Three Months Ended Nine Months EndedThree Months EndedSix Months Ended
 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Pre-tax compensation expense $13,409
 $14,491
 $37,966
 $40,699
Pre-tax compensation expense$12,915  $13,156  $25,490  $23,712  
Related income tax benefit 4,076
 4,406
 11,124
 13,186
Related income tax benefit2,492  2,160  4,894  4,482  
Compensation costsexpenses for stock-basedstock compensation plans are primarily included in selling, marketing and administrative expense. As of October 1, 2017,June 28, 2020, total stock-based compensation costexpense related to non-vested awards not yet recognized was $71,908$71,898 and the weighted-average period over which this amount is expected to be recognized was approximately 2.22.1 years.
Stock Options
The exercise price of each stock option awarded under the EICP equals the closing price of our Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the date of grant. Each stock option has a maximum term of 10 years. Grants of stock

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 23

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)

options provide for pro-rated vesting, typically over a four-year period.Expense for stock options is based on grant date fair value and recognized on a straight-line method over the vesting period, net of estimated forfeitures.
A summary of activity relating to grants of stock options for the period ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 is as follows:
Stock OptionsSharesWeighted-Average
Exercise Price (per share)
Weighted-Average Remaining
Contractual Term
Aggregate Intrinsic ValueStock OptionsSharesWeighted-Average
Exercise Price (per share)
Weighted-Average Remaining
Contractual Term
Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding as of December 31, 20166,192,008
$82.67
6.2 years 
Outstanding at beginning of the periodOutstanding at beginning of the period2,420,461  $97.805.7 years
Granted1,086,175
$108.05
  Granted15,260  $157.32
Exercised(966,532)$69.95
  Exercised(406,121) $93.17
Forfeited(219,456)$103.08
  Forfeited(39,181) $102.36
Outstanding as of October 1, 20176,092,195
$88.47
6.0 years$115,872
Options exercisable as of October 1, 20173,848,894
$80.96
4.5 years$101,692
Outstanding as of June 28, 2020Outstanding as of June 28, 20201,990,419  $99.115.3 years$53,705  
Options exercisable as of June 28, 2020Options exercisable as of June 28, 20201,533,325  $97.564.6 years$43,378  
THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)


The weighted-average fair value of options granted was $15.77$21.31 and $11.46$15.25 per share for the periods ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016,June 30, 2019, respectively. The fair value was estimated on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the following weighted-average assumptions:
 Nine Months EndedSix Months Ended
 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Dividend yields 2.4% 2.4%Dividend yields2.1 %2.7 %
Expected volatility 17.2% 16.8%Expected volatility17.5 %17.0 %
Risk-free interest rates 2.2% 1.5%Risk-free interest rates1.3 %2.5 %
Expected term in years 6.8
 6.8
Expected term in years6.76.5
The total intrinsic value of options exercised was $38,845$23,597 and $70,009$67,117 for the periods ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016,June 30, 2019, respectively.
Performance Stock Units and Restricted Stock Units
Under the EICP, we grant PSUs to selected executives and other key employees. Vesting is contingent upon the achievement of certain performance objectives. We grant PSUs over 3-year performance cycles. If we meet targets for financial measures at the end of the applicable 3-year performance cycle, we award a resulting number of shares of our Common Stock to the participants. The number of shares may be increased to the maximum or reduced to the minimum threshold based on the results of these performance metrics in accordance with the terms established at the time of the award.
For PSUs granted, the target award is a combination of a market-based total shareholder return and performance-based components. For market-based condition components, market volatility and other factors are taken into consideration in determining the grant date fair value and the related compensation expense is recognized regardless of whether the market condition is satisfied, provided that the requisite service has been provided. For performance-based condition components, we estimate the probability that the performance conditions will be achieved each quarter and adjust compensation expenses accordingly. The performance scores of PSU grants during the six months ended June 28, 2020 and June 30, 2019 can range from 0% to 250% of the targeted amounts.
We recognize the compensation expenses associated with PSUs ratably over the 3-year term. Compensation expenses is based on the grant date fair value because the grants can only be settled in shares of our Common Stock. The grant date fair value of PSUs is determined based on the Monte Carlo simulation model for the market-based total shareholder return component and the closing market price of the Company’s Common Stock on the date of grant for performance-based components.
During the six months ended June 28, 2020 and June 30, 2019, we awarded RSUs to certain executive officers and other key employees under the EICP. We also awarded RSUs to non-employee directors.

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 24

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)

We recognize the compensation expenses associated with employee RSUs over a specified award vesting period based on the grant date fair value of our Common Stock. We recognize expense for employee RSUs based on the straight-line method. The compensation expenses associated with non-employee director RSUs is recognized ratably over the vesting period, net of estimated forfeitures.
A summary of activity relating to grants of PSUs and RSUs for the period ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 is as follows:
Performance Stock Units and Restricted Stock UnitsNumber of unitsWeighted-average grant date fair value for equity awards (per unit)
Outstanding at beginning of year1,089,916  $112.52
Granted326,283  $163.30
Performance assumption change (1)(13,443) $110.27
Vested(276,924) $109.32
Forfeited(106,304) $119.00
Outstanding as of June 28, 20201,019,528  $131.88
Performance Stock Units and Restricted Stock Units Number of units 
Weighted-average grant date fair value
for equity awards (per unit)
Outstanding as of December 31, 2016 828,228
 $102.66
Granted 441,634
 $111.00
Performance assumption change 23,780
 $101.40
Vested (242,011) $111.19
Forfeited (125,782) $107.73
Outstanding as of October 1, 2017 925,849
 $102.36
The table above includes 6,410 units(1)Reflects the net number of PSUs awarded to participants in a prior period for whichabove and below target levels based on the measurement (grant) date occurred for accounting purposes in 2017.performance metrics.
The following table sets forth information about the fair value of the PSUs and RSUs granted for potential future distribution to employees and non-employee directors. In addition, the table provides assumptions used to determine the fair value of the market-based total shareholder return component using the Monte Carlo simulation model on the date of grant.
Six Months Ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Units granted326,283  442,672  
Weighted-average fair value at date of grant$163.30  $113.71  
Monte Carlo simulation assumptions:
Estimated values$80.08  $48.40  
Dividend yields2.0 %2.6 %
Expected volatility17.3 %20.3 %
  Nine Months Ended
  October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016
Units granted 441,634
 531,019
Weighted-average fair value at date of grant $111.00
 $93.47
Monte Carlo simulation assumptions:    
Estimated values $46.85
 $38.02
Dividend yields 2.3% 2.5%
Expected volatility 20.4% 17.0%

The fair value of shares vested totaled $26,097$41,874 and $19,673$40,163 for the periods ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016,June 30, 2019, respectively.
Deferred PSUs, deferred RSUs and deferred stock units representing directors’ fees totaled 369,037280,980 units as of October 1, 2017.June 28, 2020. Each unit is equivalent to one1 share of the Company’s Common Stock.
THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)


11.13. SEGMENT INFORMATION
Our organizational structure is designed to ensure continued focus on North America, coupled with an emphasis on profitable growth in our focus international markets. Our business is primarily organized around geographic regions, which enables us to build processes for repeatable success in our global markets. As a result, we have defined our operating segments on a geographic basis, as this aligns with how our Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) manages our business, including resource allocation and performance assessment. Our North America business, which generates approximately 89%92% of our consolidated revenue, is our only reportable segment. None of our other operating segments meet the quantitative thresholds to qualify as reportable segments; therefore, these operating segments are combined and disclosed below as International and Other.
North America - This segment is responsible for our traditional chocolate and non-chocolate confectionery market position, as well as our grocery and growing snacks market positions, in the United States and Canada. This includes developing and growing our business in chocolate and non-chocolate confectionery, pantry, food service and other snacking product lines.
International and Other - International and Other is a combination of all other operating segments that are not individually material, including those geographic regions where we operate outside of North America.

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 25

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)

We currently have operations and manufacture product in China, Mexico, Brazil, India and Malaysia, primarily for consumers in these regions, and also distribute and sell confectionery products in export markets of Asia, Latin America, Middle East, Europe, Africa and other regions. This segment also includes our global retail operations, including Hershey's Chocolate World stores in Hershey, Pennsylvania, New York City, Las Vegas, Shanghai, Niagara Falls (Ontario), Dubai, and Singapore, as well as operations associated with licensing the use of certain of the Company's trademarks and products to third parties around the world.
For segment reporting purposes, we use “segment income” to evaluate segment performance and allocate resources. Segment income excludes unallocated general corporate administrative expenses, unallocated mark-to-market gains and losses on commodity derivatives, business realignment and impairment charges, acquisition integrationacquisition-related costs the non-service related portion of pension expense and other unusual gains or losses that are not part of our measurement of segment performance. These componentsitems of our operating income are managed centrally at the corporate level and are excluded from the measure of segment income reviewed by the CODM as well the measure of segment performance used for incentive compensation purposes.
Accounting policies associated with our operating segments are generally the same as those described in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our 2016 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
As discussed in Note 5, derivatives used to manage commodity price risk are not designated for hedge accounting treatment. These derivatives are recognized at fair market value with the resulting realized and unrealized (gains) losses recognized in unallocated derivative (gains) losses outside of the reporting segment results until the related inventory is sold, at which time the related gains and losses are reallocated to segment income. This enables us to align the derivative gains and losses with the underlying economic exposure being hedged and thereby eliminate the mark-to-market volatility within our reported segment income.
Certain manufacturing, warehousing, distribution and other activities supporting our global operations are integrated to maximize efficiency and productivity. As a result, assets and capital expenditures are not managed on a segment basis and are not included in the information reported to the CODM for the purpose of evaluating performance or allocating resources. We disclose depreciation and amortization that is generated by segment-specific assets, since these amounts are included within the measure of segment income reported to the CODM.
Our segment net sales and earnings were as follows:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Net sales:
North America$1,583,787  $1,568,040  $3,428,608  $3,374,998  
International and Other123,542  199,177  316,038  408,707  
Total$1,707,329  $1,767,217  $3,744,646  $3,783,705  
Segment income (loss):
North America$497,587  $470,898  $1,079,142  $1,035,659  
International and Other(3,969) 21,944  12,035  42,187  
Total segment income493,618  492,842  1,091,177  1,077,846  
Unallocated corporate expense (1)106,883  125,205  231,450  242,889  
Unallocated mark-to-market losses (gains) on commodity derivatives487  (53,552) 82,241  (25,585) 
Long-lived asset impairment charges (see Note 6)
1,600  4,741  9,143  4,741  
Costs associated with business realignment activities (see Note 9)
1,275  6,378  2,170  6,862  
Operating profit383,373  410,070  766,173  848,939  
Interest expense, net (see Note 4)
38,079  33,776  74,334  71,234  
Other (income) expense, net (see Note 18)
11,217  13,125  22,750  18,602  
Income before income taxes$334,077  $363,169  $669,089  $759,103  

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 26

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSSTATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)



(1)Includes centrally-managed (a) corporate functional costs relating to legal, treasury, finance, and human resources, (b) expenses associated with the oversight and administration of our global operations, including warehousing, distribution and manufacturing, information systems and global shared services, (c) non-cash stock-based compensation expense, (d) acquisition-related costs, and (e) other gains or losses that are not integral to segment performance.
Our segment net sales and earnings were as follows:
   Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
  October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016
Net sales:        
North America $1,792,377
 $1,764,528
 $4,946,537
 $4,842,840
International and Other 240,744
 238,926
 629,253
 627,097
Total $2,033,121
 $2,003,454
 $5,575,790
 $5,469,937
         
Segment income (loss):        
North America $554,578
 $563,946
 $1,568,098
 $1,519,059
International and Other 16,400
 4,284
 26,491
 (12,411)
Total segment income 570,978
 568,230
 1,594,589
 1,506,648
Unallocated corporate expense (1) 124,115
 121,828
 366,938
 370,622
Unallocated mark-to-market (gains) losses on commodity derivatives (21,954) 35,791
 (27,486) 30,851
Long-lived asset impairment charges 
 
 208,712
 
Costs associated with business realignment activities 8,257
 27,962
 69,699
 104,487
Non-service related pension expense 21,540
 6,360
 30,123
 20,666
Acquisition and integration costs 
 2,265
 311
 3,727
Operating profit 439,020
 374,024
 946,292
 976,295
Interest expense, net 24,589
 24,387
 72,456
 66,730
Other (income) expense, net 13,630
 21,800
 23,557
 8,703
Income before income taxes $400,801
 $327,837
 $850,279
 $900,862
(1)Includes centrally-managed (a) corporate functional costs relating to legal, treasury, finance, and human resources, (b) expenses associated with the oversight and administration of our global operations, including warehousing, distribution and manufacturing, information systems and global shared services, (c) non-cash stock-based compensation expense, and (d) other gains or losses that are not integral to segment performance.
Activity within the unallocated mark-to-market (gains) losses onadjustment for commodity derivatives is as follows:

  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
  October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016
Net losses on mark-to-market valuation of commodity derivative positions recognized in income $2,445
 $37,246
 $40,500
 $37,176
Net losses on commodity derivative positions reclassified from unallocated to segment income (24,399) (1,455) (67,986) (6,325)
Net (gains) losses on mark-to-market valuation of commodity derivative positions recognized in unallocated derivative (gains) losses $(21,954) $35,791
 $(27,486) $30,851
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Net (gains) losses on mark-to-market valuation of commodity derivative positions recognized in income$(2,624) $(55,531) $74,468  $(28,890) 
Net gains on commodity derivative positions reclassified from unallocated to segment income3,111  1,979  7,773  3,305  
Net losses (gains) on mark-to-market valuation of commodity derivative positions recognized in unallocated derivative losses (gains)$487  $(53,552) $82,241  $(25,585) 
As of October 1, 2017,June 28, 2020, the cumulative amount of mark-to-market losses on commodity derivatives that have been recognized in our consolidated cost of sales and not yet allocated to reportable segments was $135,538.$13,274. Based on our forecasts of the timing of the recognition of the underlying hedged items, we expect to reclassify net pre-taxpretax losses on commodity derivatives of $93,814$165 to segment operating results in the next twelve months.
THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)



Depreciation and amortization expense included within segment income presented above is as follows:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
North America$54,379  $55,137  $108,081  $109,082  
International and Other7,037  7,314  14,246  14,664  
Corporate10,484  9,566  20,197  20,600  
Total$71,900  $72,017  $142,524  $144,346  

Additional information regarding our net sales disaggregated by geographical region is as follows:

Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Net sales:
United States$1,504,266  $1,493,283  $3,271,542  $3,221,543  
All other countries203,063  273,934  473,104  562,162  
Total$1,707,329  $1,767,217  $3,744,646  $3,783,705  

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 27

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)

  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016
North America$42,544
 $41,592
 $125,532
 $120,378
International and Other9,397
 13,515
 32,110
 37,523
Corporate (1)10,293
 30,015
 36,671
 84,000
Total$62,234
 $85,122
 $194,313
 $241,901
(1)Corporate includes non-cash asset-related accelerated depreciation and amortization related to business realignment activities, as discussed in Note 7. Such amounts are not included within our measure of segment income.

12.The majority of our products are confectionery or confectionery-based and include chocolate and non-chocolate confectionery products, gum and mint refreshment products, spreads, snack bites and mixes, as well as pantry items such as baking ingredients, toppings and sundae syrups. Our snacks portfolio includes ready-to-eat popcorn, baked and trans fat free snacks, protein bars and other better-for-you snacks. Additional information regarding our net sales disaggregated by product line is as follows:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Net sales:
Confectionery and confectionery-based portfolio$1,592,181  $1,663,225  $3,500,415  $3,587,155  
Snacks portfolio115,148  103,992  244,231  196,550  
Total$1,707,329  $1,767,217  $3,744,646  $3,783,705  

14. TREASURY STOCK ACTIVITY
A summary of our treasury stock activity is as follows:
Nine Months Ended October 1, 2017Six Months Ended June 28, 2020
Shares DollarsSharesDollars
  In thousandsIn thousands
Shares repurchased in the open market under pre-approved share repurchase programs
 $
Shares repurchased in the open market under pre-approved share repurchase programs951,138  $150,000  
Milton Hershey School Trust repurchase1,500,000
 159,015
Shares repurchased to replace Treasury Stock issued for stock options and incentive compensation1,278,675
 141,297
Shares repurchased to replace Treasury Stock issued for stock options and incentive compensation450,000  61,196  
Total share repurchases2,778,675
 300,312
Total share repurchases1,401,138  211,196  
Shares issued for stock options and incentive compensation(1,187,883) $(49,426)Shares issued for stock options and incentive compensation(554,074) (23,056) 
Net change1,590,792
 $250,886
Net change847,064  $188,140  
In August 2017, the Company entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Hershey Trust Company, as trustee for the Milton Hershey School Trust (the “Trust”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase 1,500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock from the Trust at a price equal to $106.01 per share, for a total purchase price of $159,015.
In January 2016,July 2018, our Board of Directors approved a $500,000 share repurchase authorization to repurchase shares of our Common Stock. As of October 1, 2017, $100,000June 28, 2020, $260,000 remained available for repurchases of our Common Stock under this program. In October 2017, our Board of Directors approved an additional $100,000 share repurchase authorization, to commence after the existing 2016 authorization is completed. We are authorized to purchase our outstanding shares in open market and privately negotiated transactions. The programs haveprogram has no expiration date and acquired shares of Common Stock will be held as treasury shares. Purchases under approved share repurchase authorizations are in addition to our practice of buying back shares sufficient to offset those issued under incentive compensation plans.


The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 28

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSSTATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)


13.15. NONCONTROLLING INTEREST
Noncontrolling Interest in Subsidiary
We currently own a 50% controlling interest in Lotte Shanghai Foods Co., Ltd. (“LSFC”),LSFC, a joint venture established in 2007 in China for the purpose of manufacturing and selling product to the joint venture partners.
A roll-forward showing the 20172020 activity relating to the noncontrolling interest follows:
 Noncontrolling Interest
Balance, December 31, 2016$41,831
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest(26,860)
Other comprehensive income - foreign currency translation adjustments735
Balance, October 1, 2017$15,706
Noncontrolling Interest
Balance, December 31, 2019$5,772 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest(3,213)
Other comprehensive loss - foreign currency translation adjustments(75)
Balance, June 28, 2020$2,484 
The 20172020 net loss attributable to the noncontrolling interest reflects the 50% allocation of LSFC-related business realignment and impairment costs (see Note 7)9). For the nine months ended October 2, 2016, the net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests totaled $798, which was presented within selling, marketing and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Income since the amount was not considered significant.
14.16. CONTINGENCIES

We are subject to various pending or threatened legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of our business. While it is not feasible to predict or determine the outcome of such proceedings and claims with certainty, in our opinion these matters, both individually and in the aggregate, are not expected to have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
15.17. EARNINGS PER SHARE
We compute basic earnings per share for Common Stock and Class B common stock using the two-class method. The Class B common stock is convertible into Common Stock on a share-for-share basis at any time. With respect to dividend rights, the Common Stock holders are entitled to cash dividends 10% higher than those declared and paid on the Class B common stock. The computation of diluted earnings per share for Common Stock assumes the conversion of Class B common stock using the if-converted method, while the diluted earnings per share of Class B common stock does not assume the conversion of those shares.


The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 29

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSSTATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)



We compute basic and diluted earnings per share based on the weighted-average number of shares of Common Stock and Class B common stock outstanding as follows:
 Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
 Common Stock Class B Common Stock Common Stock Class B Common StockCommon StockClass B Common StockCommon StockClass B Common Stock
Basic earnings per share:        Basic earnings per share:
Numerator:        Numerator:
Allocation of distributed earnings (cash dividends paid) $99,588
 $36,129
 $94,498
 $34,068
Allocation of distributed earnings (cash dividends paid)$113,925  $42,551  $109,258  $39,762  
Allocation of undistributed earnings 100,892
 36,694
 72,691
 26,146
Allocation of undistributed earnings81,891  30,534  119,616  44,204  
Total earnings—basic $200,480
 $72,823
 $167,189
 $60,214
Total earnings—basic$195,816  $73,085  $228,874  $83,966  
        
Denominator (shares in thousands):        Denominator (shares in thousands):
Total weighted-average shares—basic 151,418
 60,620
 153,259
 60,620
Total weighted-average shares—basic147,635  60,614  149,025  60,614  
        
Earnings Per Share—basic $1.32
 $1.20
 $1.09
 $0.99
Earnings Per Share—basic$1.33  $1.21  $1.54  $1.39  
        
Diluted earnings per share:        Diluted earnings per share:
Numerator:        Numerator:
Allocation of total earnings used in basic computation $200,480
 $72,823
 $167,189
 $60,214
Allocation of total earnings used in basic computation$195,816  $73,085  $228,874  $83,966  
Reallocation of total earnings as a result of conversion of Class B common stock to Common stock 72,823
 
 60,214
 
Reallocation of total earnings as a result of conversion of Class B common stock to Common stock73,085  —  83,966  —  
Reallocation of undistributed earnings 
 (239) 
 (160)Reallocation of undistributed earnings—  (123) —  (254) 
Total earnings—diluted $273,303
 $72,584
 $227,403
 $60,054
Total earnings—diluted$268,901  $72,962  $312,840  $83,712  
        
Denominator (shares in thousands):        Denominator (shares in thousands):
Number of shares used in basic computation 151,418
 60,620
 153,259
 60,620
Number of shares used in basic computation147,635  60,614  149,025  60,614  
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities:        Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities:
Conversion of Class B common stock to Common shares outstanding 60,620
 
 60,620
 
Conversion of Class B common stock to Common shares outstanding60,614  —  60,614  —  
Employee stock options 1,002
 
 1,062
 
Employee stock options521  —  817  —  
Performance and restricted stock units 352
 
 220
 
Performance and restricted stock units300  —  361  —  
Total weighted-average shares—diluted 213,392
 60,620
 215,161
 60,620
Total weighted-average shares—diluted209,070  60,614  210,817  60,614  
        
Earnings Per Share—diluted $1.28
 $1.20
 $1.06
 $0.99
Earnings Per Share—diluted$1.29  $1.20  $1.48  $1.38  

The earnings per share calculations for the three months ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016June 30, 2019 excluded 2,37415 and 2,921, respectively, of47 stock options (in thousands), respectively, that would have been antidilutive.

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 30

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSSTATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)



 Nine Months EndedSix Months Ended
 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
 Common Stock Class B Common Stock Common Stock Class B Common StockCommon StockClass B Common StockCommon StockClass B Common Stock
Basic earnings per share:        Basic earnings per share:
Numerator:        Numerator:
Allocation of distributed earnings (cash dividends paid) $287,580
 $104,265
 $273,380
 $98,326
Allocation of distributed earnings (cash dividends paid)$229,177  $85,102  $215,958  $79,525  
Allocation of undistributed earnings 154,128
 55,875
 170,458
 61,027
Allocation of undistributed earnings164,541  61,218  234,836  86,879  
Total earnings—basic $441,708
 $160,140
 $443,838
 $159,353
Total earnings—basic$393,718  $146,320  $450,794  $166,404  
        
Denominator (shares in thousands):        Denominator (shares in thousands):
Total weighted-average shares—basic 152,004
 60,620
 153,943
 60,620
Total weighted-average shares—basic147,954  60,614  148,864  60,614  
        
Earnings Per Share—basic $2.91
 $2.64
 $2.88
 $2.63
Earnings Per Share—basic$2.66  $2.41  $3.03  $2.75  
        
Diluted earnings per share:        Diluted earnings per share:
Numerator:        Numerator:
Allocation of total earnings used in basic computation $441,708
 $160,140
 $443,838
 $159,353
Allocation of total earnings used in basic computation$393,718  $146,320  $450,794  $166,404  
Reallocation of total earnings as a result of conversion of Class B common stock to Common stock 160,140
 
 159,353
 
Reallocation of total earnings as a result of conversion of Class B common stock to Common stock146,320  —  166,404  —  
Reallocation of undistributed earnings 
 (401) 
 (347)Reallocation of undistributed earnings—  (309) —  (462) 
Total earnings—diluted $601,848
 $159,739
 $603,191
 $159,006
Total earnings—diluted$540,038  $146,011  $617,198  $165,942  
        
Denominator (shares in thousands):        Denominator (shares in thousands):
Number of shares used in basic computation 152,004
 60,620
 153,943
 60,620
Number of shares used in basic computation147,954  60,614  148,864  60,614  
Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities:        Weighted-average effect of dilutive securities:
Conversion of Class B common stock to Common shares outstanding 60,620
 
 60,620
 
Conversion of Class B common stock to Common shares outstanding60,614  —  60,614  —  
Employee stock options 1,165
 
 1,013
 
Employee stock options620  —  699  —  
Performance and restricted stock units 334
 
 182
 
Performance and restricted stock units408  —  391  —  
Total weighted-average shares—diluted 214,123
 60,620
 215,758
 60,620
Total weighted-average shares—diluted209,596  60,614  210,568  60,614  
        
Earnings Per Share—diluted $2.81
 $2.64
 $2.80
 $2.62
Earnings Per Share—diluted$2.58  $2.41  $2.93  $2.74  
The earnings per share calculations for the ninesix months ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016June 30, 2019 excluded 2,37415 and 3,680, respectively, of1,476 stock options (in thousands), respectively, that would have been antidilutive.
16.

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 31

THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)

18. OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSE, NET
Other (income) expense, net reports certain gains and losses associated with activities not directly related to our core operations. A summary of the components of other (income) expense, net is as follows:

Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Write-down of equity investments in partnership qualifying for historic tax credits (see Note 10)
$7,447  $8,633  $18,550  $9,785  
Non-service cost components of net periodic benefit cost relating to pension and other post-retirement benefit plans (see Note 11)
3,806  4,336  3,955  8,673  
Other (income) expense, net(36) 156  245  144  
Total$11,217  $13,125  $22,750  $18,602  


The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 32
  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
  October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016
Write-down of equity investments in partnerships qualifying for tax credits $13,736
 $20,801
 $23,999
 $35,862
Settlement of SGM liability (see Note 2) 
 
 
 (26,650)
Other (income) expense, net (106) 999
 (442) (509)
Total $13,630
 $21,800
 $23,557
 $8,703


THE HERSHEY COMPANY
NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTSSTATEMENTS—(Continued)
(amounts in thousands, except share data or if otherwise indicated)



17.19. SUPPLEMENTAL BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION
The components of certain Consolidated Balance Sheet accounts are as follows:
June 28, 2020December 31, 2019
Inventories:
Raw materials$347,999  $271,125  
Goods in process132,235  98,842  
Finished goods694,351  614,698  
Inventories at FIFO1,174,585  984,665  
Adjustment to LIFO(175,205) (169,414) 
Total inventories$999,380  $815,251  
Prepaid expenses and other:
Prepaid expenses$40,816  $84,058  
Other current assets157,019  156,022  
Total prepaid expenses and other$197,835  $240,080  
Property, plant and equipment:
Land$106,745  $105,627  
Buildings1,300,667  1,298,985  
Machinery and equipment3,143,217  3,120,003  
Construction in progress254,041  209,788  
Property, plant and equipment, gross4,804,670  4,734,403  
Accumulated depreciation(2,639,324) (2,581,264) 
Property, plant and equipment, net$2,165,346  $2,153,139  
Other assets:
Capitalized software, net$168,187  $153,842  
Operating lease ROU assets222,854  220,678  
Other non-current assets133,646  137,480  
Total other assets$524,687  $512,000  
Accrued liabilities:
Payroll, compensation and benefits$160,864  $230,518  
Advertising, promotion and product allowances272,984  279,440  
Operating lease liabilities31,234  29,209  
Other178,856  163,205  
Total accrued liabilities$643,938  $702,372  
Other long-term liabilities:
Post-retirement benefits liabilities$206,382  $211,206  
Pension benefits liabilities60,579  58,773  
Operating lease liabilities184,626  184,163  
Other192,260  201,635  
Total other long-term liabilities$643,847  $655,777  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:
Foreign currency translation adjustments$(131,922) $(83,704) 
Pension and post-retirement benefit plans, net of tax(191,352) (189,187) 
Cash flow hedges, net of tax(43,919) (51,075) 
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss$(367,193) $(323,966) 


The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 33
  October 1, 2017 December 31, 2016
Inventories:    
Raw materials $292,976
 $315,239
Goods in process 102,292
 88,490
Finished goods 724,754
 528,587
Inventories at FIFO 1,120,022
 932,316
Adjustment to LIFO (181,835) (186,638)
Total inventories $938,187
 $745,678
     
Property, plant and equipment:    
Land $108,173
 $103,865
Buildings 1,200,194
 1,238,634
Machinery and equipment 2,910,916
 3,001,552
Construction in progress 191,805
 230,987
Property, plant and equipment, gross 4,411,088
 4,575,038
Accumulated depreciation (2,360,964) (2,397,790)
Property, plant and equipment, net $2,050,124
 $2,177,248
     
Other assets:    
Capitalized software, net $99,329
 $95,301
Income tax receivable 
 1,449
Other non-current assets 75,282
 71,615
Total other assets $174,611
 $168,365
     
Accrued liabilities:    
Payroll, compensation and benefits $181,167
 $240,080
Advertising and promotion 320,788
 358,573
Other 171,480
 152,333
Total accrued liabilities $673,435
 $750,986
     
Other long-term liabilities:    
Post-retirement benefits liabilities $213,986
 $220,270
Pension benefits liabilities 67,681
 65,687
Other 120,729
 114,204
Total other long-term liabilities $402,396
 $400,161
     
Accumulated other comprehensive loss:    
Foreign currency translation adjustments $(83,470) $(110,613)
Pension and post-retirement benefit plans, net of tax (197,095) (207,169)
Cash flow hedges, net of tax (56,462) (58,106)
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss $(337,027) $(375,888)





Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.OPERATIONS
This Management's Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) is intended to provide an understanding of Hershey's financial condition, results of operations and cash flows by focusing on changes in certain key measures from year to year. The MD&A should be read in conjunction with our Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. This discussion contains a number of forward-looking statements, all of which are based on current expectations. Actual results may differ materially. Refer to the Safe Harbor Statement below as well as the Risk Factors and other information contained in our 20162019 Annual Report on Form 10-K, our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 29, 2020, and our Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 27, 2020.
for information concerning the key risks to achieving future performance goals.
The MD&A is organized in the following sections:
Overview and Outlook
Non-GAAP InformationTrends Affecting Our Business
Consolidated Results of Operations
Segment Results
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Safe Harbor Statement
The Overview
OVERVIEW
Hershey is a global confectionery leader known for bringing goodness to the world through chocolate, sweets, mints, gum and Outlook presented below is an executive-level summary highlightingother great tasting snacks. We are the key trends and measures on which the Company’s management focuseslargest producer of quality chocolate in evaluating its financial condition and operating performance. Certain earnings and performance measures within the Overview and Outlook include financial information determined onNorth America, a non-GAAP basis, which aligns with how management internally evaluates the Company's results of operations, determines incentive compensation, and assesses the impact of known trends and uncertainties on the business. A detailed reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures referenced herein to their nearest comparable GAAP financial measures follows this summary. For a detailed analysis of the Company's operations prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally acceptedleading snack maker in the United States of America ("GAAP"), referred to as "reported" herein, refer to the discussion and analysisa global leader in the Consolidated Results of Operations.chocolate and non-chocolate confectionery. We market, sell and distribute our products under more than 80 brand names in approximately 85 countries worldwide.
OVERVIEW AND OUTLOOK
Our third quarter 2017 net sales totaled $2,033.1 million, an increase of 1.5%, versus $2,003.5 million for the comparable period of 2016. Excluding a 0.4% impact from favorable foreign exchange rates,We report our net sales increased 1.1%. Net sales growth was driven by theoperations through two segments: North America segment, which benefited from core brand growth and innovation, including Hershey's Cookie Layer Crunch,International and the launchOther. The majority of Hershey'sour products are confectionery or confectionery-based and Reese's Popped Snack Mixinclude chocolate and Chocolate Dipped Pretzels.
Our reported gross margin was 46.2% in the third quarter of 2017, an increase of 370 basis points compared to the third quarter of 2016. Our non-GAAP gross margin decreased 30 basis points in the third quarter of 2017, with the benefits from supply chain productivitynon-chocolate confectionery products, gum and cost savings initiatives,mint refreshment products, spreads, snack bites and mixes, as well as lower input costs, being more than offset by higher freight ratespantry items such as baking ingredients, toppings and increased levelssundae syrups. The confectionery and confectionery-based portfolio is predominantly sold under the renowned brands of manufacturingHershey's, Reese's and distribution costs associated with an effort to maintain customer service targets at fast growing retail customers.
Our third quarter 2017 reported net income and earnings per share-diluted (EPS) totaled $273.3 million and $1.28, respectively, compared to the third quarter 2016 reported net income and EPS-diluted of $227.4 million and $1.06, respectively. From a non-GAAP perspective, third quarter 2017 adjusted net income was $283.6 million, an increase of 2.3% versus $277.3 million in 2016. Our adjusted EPS-diluted for the third quarter of 2017 was $1.33 compared to $1.29 for the same period of 2016, with this 3.1% increase attributable to the same factors driving the increase in non-GAAP net income.
Over the remainder of the year, our outlook remains unchanged and we are focused on executing the priorities we outlined earlier this year. Our seasonal business and programs are on track and the upcoming launch of Hershey's GoldKisses, a caramelized creme with peanuts and pretzels, should enable us to deliver on our objectives.
We currently estimate that full-year 2017 net sales growth will be approximately 1.25%. The impact of foreign currency exchange rates is expected to be minimal versus a prior estimate of 0.25% unfavorable impact. We currently expect full-year 2017 reported EPS-diluted to be in the $3.54 to $3.68 range. From a non-GAAP perspective, we


expect 2017 adjusted EPS-diluted to be towards the high end of our outlook of $4.72 to $4.81, an increase of 7% to 9%, primarily due to strong productivity and cost savings initiatives, as well as Kit Kat®, Jolly Rancher, Ice Breakers, Twizzlers, Heath, Payday, Cadbury and a lower effective tax rate.variety of other popular brands. Our snacks portfolio includes ready-to-eat popcorn, baked and trans fat free snacks, protein bars and other better-for-you snacks. The reduction in our full-year 2017 effective tax ratesnacks portfolio is primarily driven by a favorable foreign rate differentialpredominantly sold under the brands of SkinnyPop, Pirate's Booty, ONE Bar, Paqui and benefitOatmega.
Divestitures
During the second quarter of 2020, we completed the divestitures of KRAVE Pure Foods, Inc. ("Krave") and the Scharffen Berger and Dagoba brands. Total proceeds from tax credits, as well as the adoption of ASU 2016-09 for the accounting of employee share-based payments. A reconciliation of reported to adjusted projections for 2017 are reflected in the non-GAAP reconciliations that follow.
NON-GAAP INFORMATION
The comparability of certain of our financial measures is impacted by unallocated mark-to-market (gains) losses on commodity derivatives, costs associated with business realignment activities, costs relating to the integration of acquisitions, non-service related components of our pension expense ("NSRPE"), impairment of long-lived assets,divestitures and settlement of the SGM liability in conjunction with the purchase of the remaining 20% of the outstanding shares of SGM.
To provide additional information to investors to facilitate the comparison of past and present performance, we use non-GAAP financial measures within MD&A that exclude the financial impact of these activities. These non-GAAP financial measures are used internally by management in evaluating results of operations and determining incentive compensation, and in assessing the impact of known trends and uncertainties on our business, but they are not intended to replace the presentation of financial results in accordance with GAAP. A reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measures referenced in MD&A to their nearest comparable GAAP financial measures as presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income, both individually and on an aggregate basis, were immaterial.
TRENDS AFFECTING OUR BUSINESS
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization designated the recent novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") as a global pandemic. COVID-19 was first detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China and continued to spread, significantly impacting various markets around the world, including the United States. Various policies and initiatives have been implemented to reduce the global transmission of COVID-19.

Local, state and national governments continue to emphasize the importance of food supply during this pandemic and asked that food manufacturers and retailers remain open to meet the needs of our communities. Employee safety is provided below.



our first priority, and as a result, we put preparedness plans in place at our manufacturing facilities. Our manufacturing facilities are currently open, however, we have adjusted shift schedules, enforced social distancing, increased sanitation and adjusted time and attendance policies for worker absenteeism. Our sales teams continue to support

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 34


Reconciliation of Certain Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Consolidated results Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
In thousands except per share data October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016
Reported gross profit $940,222
 $850,848
 $2,609,992
 $2,415,622
Derivative mark-to-market (gains) losses (21,954) 35,791
 (27,486) 30,851
Business realignment activities 213
 24,470
 6,475
 57,948
NSRPE 2,779
 2,620
 8,344
 9,132
Non-GAAP gross profit $921,260
 $913,729
 $2,597,325
 $2,513,553
         
Reported operating profit $439,020
 $374,024
 $946,292
 $976,295
Derivative mark-to-market (gains) losses (21,954) 35,791
 (27,486) 30,851
Business realignment activities 8,257
 27,962
 69,699
 104,487
Acquisition integration costs 
 2,265
 311
 3,727
NSRPE 21,540
 6,360
 30,123
 20,666
Long-lived asset impairment charges 
 
 208,712
 
Non-GAAP operating profit $446,863
 $446,402
 $1,227,651
 $1,136,026
         
Reported provision for income taxes $126,788
 $100,434
 $275,291
 $297,671
Derivative mark-to-market (gains) losses * (3,078) 13,566
 (2,726) 11,694
Business realignment activities* 1,112
 5,576
 18,312
 16,409
Acquisition integration costs* 
 859
 118
 1,413
NSRPE* 8,171
 2,432
 11,440
 7,900
Long-lived asset impairment charges** (8,710) 
 29,264
 
Non-GAAP provision for income taxes $124,283
 $122,867
 $331,699
 $335,087
         
Reported net income $273,303
 $227,403
 $601,848
 $603,191
Derivative mark-to-market (gains) losses (18,876) 22,225
 (24,760) 19,157
Business realignment activities 7,145
 22,386
 51,387
 88,073
Acquisition integration costs 
 1,406
 193
 2,314
NSRPE 13,369
 3,928
 18,683
 12,766
Long-lived asset impairment charges 8,710
 
 179,448
 
Noncontrolling interest share of business realignment and impairment charges (5) 
 (27,967) 
Settlement of SGM liability 
 
 
 (26,650)
Non-GAAP net income $283,646
 $277,348
 $798,832
 $698,851
         
Reported EPS - Diluted $1.28
 $1.06
 $2.81
 $2.80
Derivative mark-to-market (gains) losses (0.08) 0.10
 (0.11) 0.09
Business realignment activities 0.03
 0.10
 0.24
 0.40
Acquisition integration costs 
 0.01
 
 0.01
NSRPE 0.06
 0.02
 0.08
 0.06
Long-lived asset impairment charges 0.04
 
 0.84
 
Noncontrolling interest share of business realignment and impairment charges 
 
 (0.13) 
Settlement of SGM liability 
 
 
 (0.12)
Non-GAAP EPS - Diluted $1.33
 $1.29
 $3.73
 $3.24
community food supplies, while adhering to social distancing guidelines, implementing flexible hours, reducing person-to-person interaction and increasing safety measures. Additionally, in June, the Company re-opened Hershey’s Chocolate World stores in the United States (3 locations) and Niagara Falls (Ontario) on a limited capacity basis with increased safety measures and enforced social distancing. The Company's Chocolate World store in Singapore remains temporarily closed.


* The tax effect for each adjustmentAlso in June, we commenced a phased in approach to reopen our corporate headquarters in Hershey, Pennsylvania and other select offices with increased safety protocols. We have successfully onboarded several teams, however, occupancy levels remain low as we continue to monitor the latest COVID-19 related public health and government guidance. As a result, a majority of our office-based employees continue to work remotely where possible. We have crisis management teams in place to monitor the continually evolving situation and recommending risk mitigation actions as deemed necessary. To date, there has been minimal disruption to our supply chain network, including the supply of our ingredients, packaging or other sourced materials, though it is determined by calculatingpossible that more significant disruptions could occur if the taxCOVID-19 pandemic continues to impact markets around the world. We are also working closely with our business units, contract manufacturers, distributors, contractors and other external business partners to minimize the potential impact on our business.

We believe we have sufficient liquidity to satisfy our cash needs, however, we continue to evaluate and take action, as necessary, to preserve adequate liquidity and ensure that our business can continue to operate during these uncertain times. Our most recent liquidity measures include an increase in our short-term commercial paper balances and the $1 billion Notes issuance in May 2020 with varying rates ranging from 0.900% to 2.650% and maturity dates ranging from 2025 to 2050. Additionally, we continue to limit discretionary spending across the organization and re-prioritizing our capital projects amid the COVID-19 pandemic. We plan to move forward with our new global enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) system implementation and supply chain capacity projects, as these investments are of strategic importance to our long-term growth. However, as previously announced, we did selectively pause certain aspects of the adjustment on the Company's quarterly effective tax rate.
** There were no pre-tax impairment chargesERP system implementation due to resource constraints and challenges associated with long-lived assetsthe critical design phase during the three months ended October 1, 2017. However, the long-lived asset impairment chargethese uncertain times. We expect this to delay our overall ERP implementation by approximately one year.

As a result of shelter-in-place restrictions that were implemented in the first quarter of 2017 was not treatedlate March and early April, as a discrete tax item. Therefore, the tax impact was includedwell as decreases in the estimated annual effective tax rate resultingretail foot traffic and volatility in an EPS-diluted impact for each of the quarters throughout 2017.





In the assessmentconsumer shopping and consumption behavior across several areas of our results,portfolio, we reviewexperienced a reduction in our net sales and discuss the following financial metrics that are derived from the reported and non-GAAP financial measures presented above:
  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
  October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016
As reported gross margin 46.2% 42.5% 46.8% 44.2%
Non-GAAP gross margin (1) 45.3% 45.6% 46.6% 46.0%
         
As reported operating profit margin 21.6% 18.7% 17.0% 17.8%
Non-GAAP operating profit margin (2) 22.0% 22.3% 22.0% 20.8%
         
As reported effective tax rate 31.6% 30.6% 32.4% 33.0%
Non-GAAP effective tax rate (3) 30.4% 30.7% 29.3% 32.4%

(1)Calculated as non-GAAP gross profit as a percentage of net sales for each period presented.
(2)Calculated as non-GAAP operating profit as a percentage of net sales for each period presented.
(3)Calculated as non-GAAP provision for income taxes as a percentage of non-GAAP income before taxes (calculated as non-GAAP operating profit minus non-GAAP interest expense, net plus or minus non-GAAP other (income) expense, net).

Details of the activities impacting comparability that are presented as reconciling items to derive the non-GAAP financial measures in the tables above are as follows:

Mark-to-market (gains) losses on commodity derivatives
Commensurate with our discontinuance of hedge accounting treatment for commodity derivatives, we are adjusting the mark-to-market losses (gains) on such commodity derivatives, until such time as the related inventory is sold. Since we often purchase commodity contracts to price inventory requirements in future years, we make this adjustment to facilitate the year-over-year comparison of cost of sales on a basis that matches the derivative gains and losses with the underlying economic exposure being hedged for the period. For the three months ended October 1, 2017 and October 2, 2016, the net unallocated mark-to-market adjustment on commodity derivatives totaled pre-tax gains of $22.0 million and losses of $35.8 million, respectively. For the nine months ended October 1, 2017 and October 2, 2016, the net unallocated mark-to-market adjustment on commodity derivatives totaled pre-tax gains of $27.5 million and losses of $30.9 million, respectively.

Business realignment activities
We periodically undertake restructuring and cost reduction activities as part of ongoing efforts to enhance long-term profitability. For the three months ended October 1, 2017 and October 2, 2016, we incurred $8.3 million and $28.0 million, respectively, of pre-tax costs related to business realignment activities. For the nine months ended October 1, 2017 and October 2, 2016, we incurred $69.7 million and $104.5 million, respectively, of pre-tax costs related to business realignment activities. See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.
Acquisition integration costs
Costs incurred during the three and ninesix months ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020. The unfavorable impacts predominantly related to our International and 2016 relate to the integration of the 2016 acquisition of Ripple Brand Collective, LLC as we incorporateOther segment (see Segment Results included in this business into our operating practices and information systems.



Non-service related pension expense
NSRPE includes interest costs, the expected return on pension plan assets, the amortization of actuarial gains and losses, and certain curtailment and settlement losses or credits. NSRPE can fluctuate from year to year as a result of changes in market interest rates and market returns on pension plan assets.MD&A). We believe that the service cost component of our total pension benefit costs closely reflects the operating costs offinancial impacts from COVID-19 are temporary in nature and do not significantly affect our business model and provides forgrowth strategy.

In late May and early June, many state governments began a better comparisonphased reopening of our operating results from yeartheir economies. These phased approaches promote limited food service offerings, outdoor dining, increased travel and the reopening of retailing establishments while adhering to year. Therefore, we exclude NSRPE from our internal performance measures. Our most significant defined benefit pensionnew guidelines and enhanced safety measures, including social distancing and face mask protocols. However, certain states have paused or reversed plans to reopen their economies as new cases of COVID-19 have been closedon the rise in recent weeks. Based on the length and severity of COVID-19, we may experience continued volatility in retail foot traffic, consumer shopping and consumption behavior. We will continue to new participants for a number of years, resulting in ongoing service costs that are stableevaluate the nature and predictable. We recorded pre-tax NSRPE of $21.5 million and $6.4 million, respectively, for the three months ended October 1, 2017 and October 2, 2016, respectively. We recorded pre-tax NSRPE of $30.1 million and $20.7 million, respectively, for the nine months ended October 1, 2017 and October 2, 2016, respectively.

Long-lived asset impairment charges
For the nine months ended October 1, 2017, we incurred $208.7 million of pre-tax long-lived asset impairment charges related to certain business realignment activities. This includes a write-down of certain intangible assets that had been recognized in connection with the 2014 SGM acquisition and write-down of property, plant and equipment. See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information.

Noncontrolling interest share of business realignment and impairment charges
Certain of the business realignment and impairment charges recorded in connection with the Margin for Growth Program related to Lotte Shanghai Foods Co., Ltd., a joint venture in which we own a 50% controlling interest. Therefore, we have also adjusted for the portionextent of these charges included within the loss attributedpotential impacts to the non-controlling interest.
Settlement of SGM liability
In the fourth quarter of 2015, we reached an agreement with the SGM selling shareholders to reduce the originally-agreed purchase price for the remaining 20% of SGM, and we completed the purchase on February 3, 2016. In the first quarter of 2016, we recorded a $26.7 million gain relating to the settlement of the SGM liability, representing the net carrying amount of the recorded liability in excess of the cash paid to settle the obligation for the remaining 20% of the outstanding shares.



Constant Currency Net Sales Growth
We present certain percentage changes in net sales on a constant currency basis, which excludes the impact of foreign currency exchange.  This measure is used internally by management in evaluatingour business, consolidated results of operations, segment results, liquidity and determining incentive compensation.  We believe that this measure provides useful information to investors because it provides transparency to underlying performance in our net sales by excluding the effect that foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations have on the year-to-year comparability given volatility in foreign currency exchange markets.

To present this information for historical periods, current period net sales for entities reporting in other than the U.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollars at the average monthly exchange rates in effect during the corresponding period of the prior fiscal year, rather than at the actual average monthly exchange rates in effect during the current period of the current fiscal year. As a result, the foreign currency impact is equal to the current year results in local currencies multiplied by the change in average foreign currency exchange rate between the current fiscal period and the corresponding period of the prior fiscal year. 

A reconciliation between reported and constant currency growth rates is provided below:capital resources.
 Three Months Ended October 1, 2017
 Percentage Change as Reported Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Percentage Change on Constant Currency Basis
North America segment     
Canada12.1 % 4.6 % 7.5 %
Total North America segment1.6 % 0.3 % 1.3 %
      
International and Other segment     
Mexico15.5 % 5.9 % 9.6 %
Brazil6.4 % 3.1 % 3.3 %
India20.9 % 4.9 % 16.0 %
Greater China(7.3)% (0.2)% (7.1)%
Total International and Other segment0.8 % 1.3 % (0.5)%
      
Total Company1.5 % 0.4 % 1.1 %
 Nine Months Ended October 1, 2017
 Percentage Change as Reported Impact of Foreign Currency Exchange Percentage Change on Constant Currency Basis
North America segment     
Canada8.3 % 1.0 % 7.3 %
Total North America segment2.1 %  % 2.1 %
      
International and Other segment     
Mexico9.4 % (3.7)% 13.1 %
Brazil20.7 % 13.0 % 7.7 %
India13.9 % 3.0 % 10.9 %
Greater China(11.2)% (1.6)% (9.6)%
Total International and Other segment0.3 % 0.3 %  %
      
Total Company1.9 %  % 1.9 %


2017 Outlook
The following table provides a reconciliation of projected 2017 EPS-diluted, prepared in accordance with GAAP, to projected non-GAAP EPS-diluted for 2017, prepared on a non-GAAP basis, with adjustments consistent to those discussed previously. The reconciliation of 2016 EPS-diluted, prepared in accordance with GAAP, to 2016 non-GAAP EPS-diluted is provided below for comparison.Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 35
 2017 (Projected) 2016
Reported EPS – Diluted$3.54 - $3.68 $3.34
Derivative mark-to-market losses 0.66
Business realignment costs (including Margin for Growth Program costs)0.16 - 0.21 0.42
Acquisition and integration costs 0.02
Non-service related pension expense0.10 0.08
Settlement of SGM liability (0.12)
Long-lived asset impairment charges0.87 0.01
Adjusted EPS – Diluted$4.72 - $4.81 $4.41



Our 2017 projected EPS-diluted, as presented above, does not include the impact of mark-to-market gains and losses on our commodity derivative contracts that will be reflected within corporate unallocated expenses in our segment results until the related inventory is sold, since we are not able to forecast the impact of the market changes.



CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 Three Months Ended Percent Nine Months Ended PercentThree Months EndedSix Months Ended
 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 Change October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 ChangeJune 28, 2020June 30, 2019Percent ChangeJune 28, 2020June 30, 2019Percent Change
In millions of dollars except per share amounts            In millions of dollars except per share amounts
Net Sales $2,033.1
 $2,003.5
 1.5 % $5,575.8
 $5,469.9
 1.9 %Net Sales$1,707.3  $1,767.2  (3.4)%$3,744.6  $3,783.7  (1.0)%
Cost of Sales 1,092.9
 1,152.6
 (5.2)% 2,965.8
 3,054.3
 (2.9)%Cost of Sales914.8  892.5  2.5 %2,085.5  2,016.5  3.4 %
Gross Profit 940.2
 850.8
 10.5 % 2,610.0
 2,415.6
 8.0 %Gross Profit792.5  874.7  (9.4)%1,659.1  1,767.2  (6.1)%
Gross Margin 46.2% 42.5%   46.8% 44.2%  Gross Margin46.4 %49.5 %44.3 %46.7 %
SM&A Expense 497.2
 474.5
 4.8 % 1,405.0
 1,408.8
 (0.3)%SM&A Expense408.9  453.8  (9.9)%884.3  907.4  (2.5)%
SM&A Expense as a percent of net sales 24.5% 23.7%   25.2% 25.8%  SM&A Expense as a percent of net sales24.0 %25.7 %23.6 %24.0 %
Long-lived Asset Impairment Charges 
 
  % 208.7
 
 NM
Business Realignment Costs 4.0
 2.3
 72.5 % 50.0
 30.6
 63.6 %
Long-Lived Asset Impairment ChargesLong-Lived Asset Impairment Charges1.6  4.7  (66.3)%9.1  4.7  92.8 %
Business Realignment (Benefits) CostsBusiness Realignment (Benefits) Costs(1.4) 6.1  (122.3)%(0.5) 6.2  (107.7)%
Operating Profit 439.0
 374.0
 17.4 % 946.3
 976.3
 (3.1)%Operating Profit383.4  410.1  (6.5)%766.2  848.9  (9.7)%
Operating Profit Margin 21.6% 18.7%   17.0% 17.8%  Operating Profit Margin22.5 %23.2 %20.5 %22.4 %
Interest Expense, Net 24.6
 24.4
 0.8 % 72.5
 66.7
 8.6 %Interest Expense, Net38.1  33.8  12.7 %74.3  71.2  4.4 %
Other (Income) Expense, Net 13.6
 21.8
 (37.5)% 23.6
 8.7
 NM
Other (Income) Expense, Net11.2  13.1  (14.5)%22.8  18.6  22.3 %
Provision for Income Taxes 126.8
 100.4
 26.2 % 275.3
 297.7
 (7.5)%Provision for Income Taxes66.1  50.0  32.3 %132.3  141.9  (6.8)%
Effective Income Tax Rate 31.6% 30.6%   32.4% 33.0%  Effective Income Tax Rate19.8 %13.7 %19.8 %18.7 %
Net Income Including Noncontrolling Interest 274.0
 227.4
 20.5 % 575.0
 603.2
 (4.7)%Net Income Including Noncontrolling Interest268.0  313.2  (14.4)%536.8  617.2  (13.0)%
Less: Net Gain (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest 0.7
 
 NM
 (26.9) 
 NM
Less: Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Noncontrolling InterestLess: Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest(0.9) 0.4  (299.3)%(3.2) —  NM
Net Income Attributable to The Hershey Company $273.3
 $227.4
 20.2 % $601.8
 $603.2
 (0.2)%Net Income Attributable to The Hershey Company$268.9  $312.8  (14.0)%$540.0  $617.2  (12.5)%
Net Income Per Share—Diluted $1.28
 $1.06
 20.8 % $2.81
 $2.80
 0.4 %Net Income Per Share—Diluted$1.29  $1.48  (12.8)%$2.58  $2.93  (11.9)%
            
Note: Percentage changes may not compute directly as shown due to rounding of amounts presented above.
NM = not meaningful.
NOTE: Percentage changes may not compute directly as shown due to rounding of amounts presented above.NOTE: Percentage changes may not compute directly as shown due to rounding of amounts presented above.
NM = not meaningfulNM = not meaningful
Results of Operations - ThirdSecond Quarter 20172020 vs. ThirdSecond Quarter 20162019
Net Sales
Net sales increased 1.5%decreased 3.4% in the thirdsecond quarter of 20172020 compared to the same period of 2016,2019, reflecting a volume decrease of 7.0% due to the impact of COVID-19 on sales in our international markets, as well as declines in owned retail and world travel retail and elasticity-driven impacts due to price increases of 0.7%, favorable price realization of 0.4%on certain products, and a favorablean unfavorable impact from foreign currency exchange rates of 0.4%0.7%. Excluding foreign currency, our net sales increased 1.1% in the third quarter of 2017. Consolidated volumes increased as a result of higher sales volume in the North America segment, which benefited from core brand growth and innovation, including Hershey's Cookie Layer Crunch, and the launch of Hershey's and Reese's Popped Snack Mix and Chocolate Dipped Pretzels. These volume increasesdecreases were partially offset by volume declines in our International and Other segment, where growth, driven by measured investments in Mexico, Brazil and India, was more than offset by declines in China. Favorable netfavorable price realization was attributedof 3.5% due to higher prices in select markets within our Internationalon certain products and Other segment versusa 0.8% benefit from net acquisitions and divestitures (predominantly driven by the prior year.2019 acquisition of ONE Brands, LLC ("ONE Brands"), partially offset by the 2020 divestitures of Krave and the Scharffen Berger and Dagoba brands).
Key U.S. CMG Marketplace Metrics
For the 12 week period ended October 8, 2017 October 8, 2016
Hershey's Consumer Takeaway Increase (Decrease) 1.4% (0.4)%
Hershey's Market Share Decrease (0.3) (0.1)


For the second quarter of 2020, our total U.S. retail takeaway increased 4.1% in the expanded multi-outlet combined plus convenience store channels (IRI MULO + C-Stores), which includes candy, mint, gum, salty snacks, meat snacks and grocery items. Our U.S. candy, mint and gum ("CMG") consumer takeaway increased 3.2%, resulting in a CMG market share gain of approximately 227 basis points.
The CMG consumer takeaway and market share information provided for the twelve week period above are forreflect measured channels of distribution accounting for approximately 90% of our U.S. confectionery retail business. These channels of distribution primarily include food, drug, mass merchandisers, and convenience store channels, plus Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., partial dollar, club and military channels. These metrics are based on measured market scanned purchases as reported by NielsenInformation Resources,

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 36


Incorporated ("IRI"), the Company's market insights and analytics provider, and provide a means to assess our retail takeaway and market position relative to the overall category. In 2017, takeaway improved relative to the prior year mainly driven by core brand growth and innovation. The amounts presented above are solely for the U.S. CMG category which does not include revenue from our snack mixes and grocery items.
Cost of Sales and Gross Margin
Cost of sales decreased 5.2%increased 2.5% in the thirdsecond quarter of 20172020 compared to the same period of 2016.2019. The improvementincrease was driven by an incremental $57.7$52.9 million favorable impact from marking-to-marketof unfavorable mark-to-market activity on our commodity derivative instruments, which are intended to economically hedge future years' commodity purchases, a $24.3 million decreasepurchases. Additionally, the increase in business realignment costs, and supply chain productivity and cost savings initiatives. These benefits were offset in part by unfavorable manufacturing variances andof sales was attributed to higher freight and warehousing costs.logistics costs, and additional plant costs, specifically, personal protective equipment ("PPE") costs, increased sanitation and wage incentives associated with COVID-19. These drivers were partially offset by favorable supply chain productivity.
Gross margin increaseddecreased by 370310 basis points in the thirdsecond quarter of 20172020 compared to the same period of 2016. Favorable2019. The decrease was primarily due to an unfavorable year-over-year mark-to-market impact from commodity derivative instruments, lower commodityhigher freight and business realignmentlogistics costs and supply chain productivity contributed to the improvement in gross margin. However, higher supply chain costs partially offset the increase in gross margin.
Selling, Marketing and Administrative
Selling, marketing and administrative (“SM&A”) expenses increased $22.7 million or 4.8% in the third quarter of 2017. Advertising and related consumer marketing expense increased 3.7% during this period. Excluding these advertising and related consumer marketing costs, selling and administrative expenses for 2017 increased by 5.4% as compared to 2016. SM&A was impacted by pension settlement charges and higher costs associated with business realignment programs and investments in go-to-market capabilities, partially offset by costs savings and efficiency initiatives.
Business Realignment Activities
In the third quarter of 2017 and 2016, we recorded business realignment costs of $4.0 million and $2.3 million, respectively. The 2017 costs related primarily to severance and other program costs associated with the Margin for Growth Program that commenced in the first quarter of 2017. The 2016 costs related primarily to the Operational Optimization Program, as described in Note 7 to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
Operating Profit and Operating Profit Margin
Operating profit increased 17.4% in the third quarter of 2017 compared to the same period of 2016 due primarily to the higher gross margin as discussed above. Operating profit margin increased to 21.6% in 2017 from 18.7% in 2016 also driven by the improvement in gross margin.
Interest Expense, Net
Net interest expense was $0.2 million higher in the third quarter of 2017 compared to the same period of 2016. The increase was due to higher interest rates on higher levels of short-term debt outstanding during the 2017 quarter, as well as a decreased benefit on the fixed to floating swaps during the third quarter of 2017 as compared to the 2016 quarter.
Other (Income) Expense, Net
Other (income) expense, net totaled $13.6 million in the third quarter of 2017 compared to $21.8 million for the same period of 2016, driven in both periods by the write-down on equity investments qualifying for federal historic and energy tax credits.


Income Taxes and Effective Tax Rate
Our effective income tax rate was 31.6% for the third quarter of 2017 compared to 30.6% for the same period of 2016. Relative to the statutory rate, the 2017 effective tax rate was impacted by favorable foreign rate differential relating to our cocoa procurement operations and investment tax credits, whichadditional plant costs. These factors were partially offset by non-benefited costs resulting from the Margin for Growth Program. The 2016 tax rate benefited from a one time tax return amendment for research and development credits and other tax deductions.
Net Income Attributable to The Hershey Company and Earnings Per Share-diluted
Net income increased $45.9 million, or 20.2%, while EPS-diluted increased $0.22, or 20.8%, in the third quarter of 2017 compared to the same period of 2016. The increases in both net income and EPS-diluted were driven by the higher gross margin as discussed above.
Results of Operations - First Nine Months 2017 vs. First Nine Months 2016
Net Sales
Net sales increased 1.9% in the first nine months of 2017 compared to the same period of 2016, reflecting favorable price realization of 0.8%, volume increases of 0.7% and a 0.4% benefit from acquisitions. There was no impact from foreign currency exchange rates during the period. The favorable net price realization was attributed to lower levels of trade promotional spending in both the North America and International and Other segments versus the prior year. Consolidated volumes increased as a result of higher sales volume in North America, specifically from core brand growth throughout 2017 and innovation, including new product launches and stand-up packaging. These volume increases were partially offset by volume declines in our International and Other segment, where growth, driven by measured investments in Mexico, Brazil and India, was more than offset by declines in China.
Cost of Sales and Gross Margin
Cost of sales decreased 2.9% in the first nine months of 2017 compared to the same period of 2016. The improvement was driven by lower commodity costs, including an incremental $58.3 million favorable impact from marking-to-market our commodity derivative instruments intended to economically hedge future years' commodity purchases, a $51.5 million year-over-year decrease in business realignment costs, and supply chain productivity. These benefits were offset in part by unfavorable manufacturing variances and higher freight and warehousing costs.
Gross margin increased by 260 basis points in the first nine months of 2017 compared to the same period of 2016, driven by lower commodity and business realignment costs, and supply chain productivity. However, the increase in gross margin was partially offset by higher supply chain costs.
Selling, Marketing and Administrative
Selling, marketing and administrative (“SM&A”) expenses decreased $3.8$44.8 million or 0.3%9.9% in the first nine monthssecond quarter of 2017. Advertising and related consumer marketing expense increased 1.1% during this period. Excluding these2020. Total advertising and related consumer marketing costs, sellingexpenses decreased 14.0% driven by media cost efficiencies and administrativeselect brand investment optimization related to COVID-19 in both the North America and International and Other segments. SM&A expenses, for 2017excluding advertising and related consumer marketing, decreased by 1.0%approximately 7.6% in the second quarter of 2020 primarily due to savings in travel and meeting expenses as compared to 2016. SM&A benefited froma result of COVID-19 related travel restrictions and lower costs relating to business realignment activities as well as costs savings and efficiency initiatives, partially offset by higher pension settlement charges and investments in go-to-market capabilities.incentive compensation.
Long-livedLong-Lived Asset Impairment Charges
InDuring the first nine monthssecond quarter of 2017,2020, we recorded impairment charges of $1.6 million to adjust long-lived asset values in connection with our disposal group classified as held for sale, as discussed in Note8 to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. The fair value of the disposal group was supported by potential sales prices with third-party buyers. We expect the sale of the disposal group to be completed during 2020. During the second quarter of 2019, we recorded long-lived asset impairment charges of $208.7 million. This relates to a first quarter write-down$4.7 million, which were predominantly comprised of certain intangible assetsselect land that had been recognizednot yet met the held for sale criteria.
Business Realignment Activities
Business realignment benefits of $1.4 million in connection with the 2014 SGM acquisition and write-downsecond quarter of property, plant and equipment. See 2020 versus costs of $6.1 million in the second quarter of 2019 related primarily to the Margin for Growth Program, which is discussed in more detail in Note 79 to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.


Business Realignment Activities
In the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, we recorded business realignment costs of $50.0 million and $30.6 million, respectively. The 2017 costs related primarily to severance and other program costs associated with the Margin for Growth Program that commenced in the first quarter of 2017. The 2016 costs related primarily to the Operational Optimization Program, as described in Note 7 to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
Operating Profit and Operating Profit Margin
Operating profit decreased 3.1%6.5% in the first nine monthssecond quarter of 20172020 compared to the same period of 20162019 due primarily to the long-lived asset impairment charges and higher business realignment costs,lower gross profit, partially offset by higher gross margin and lower SM&A expenses, as discussednoted above. Operating profit margin decreased to 17.0%22.5% in 20172020 from 17.8%23.2% in 20162019 driven by these same factors.
Interest Expense, Net
Net interest expense was $5.7$4.3 million higher in the first nine monthssecond quarter of 20172020 compared to the same period of 2016.2019. The increase was primarily due to higher levels of long-term debt outstanding and higherlower interest rates on commercial paper during the 2017 period,income in 2020 as we recognized a benefit in 2019 related to an international local tax settlement, as well as a decreased benefit from the fixedhigher long-term debt balances in 2020 versus 2019 (predominantly due to floating swaps during the nine months$1.0 billion of 2017 as compared to the 2016 period.notes issued in October 2019).
Other (Income) Expense, Net
Other (income) expense, net totaled expense of $23.6$11.2 million duringin the first nine monthssecond quarter of 20172020 versus expense of $8.7$13.1 million forin the same periodsecond quarter of 2016. In 2017 we recognized a $24.0 million write-down2019. The decrease in the net expense was primarily due to lower write-downs on equity investments qualifying for federal historic and energy tax credits comparedand lower non-service cost components of net periodic benefit cost relating to a $35.9 million write down in the first nine month of 2016. Additionally, 2016 was offset by an extinguishment gain of $26.7 million related to the settlement of the SGM liability.pension and other post-retirement benefit plans during 2020.

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 37


Income Taxes and Effective Tax Rate
Our effective income tax rate was 32.4%19.8% for the first nine monthssecond quarter of 20172020 compared with 33.0%13.7% for the same periodsecond quarter of 2016.2019. Relative to the 21% statutory rate, the 20172020 effective tax rate benefited from investment tax credits and changes in tax reserves, partially offset by state taxes. The 2019 effective tax rate, relative to the 21% statutory rate, was impacted by a favorable foreign rate differential relatingchange to foreign operations and cocoa procurement, investment tax credits andvaluation allowances, the benefit of ASU 2016-09,employee share-based payments, and investment tax credits, which were partially offset by non-benefited costs resulting from the Margin for Growth Program.  The 2016 effective rate benefited from the impact of non-taxable income related to the settlement of the SGM liability and investment tax credits.state taxes.
Net Income attributable to The Hershey Company and Earnings Per Share-diluted
Net income decreased $1.3$45.2 million, or 0.2%14.0%, while EPS-diluted increased $0.01,decreased $0.19, or 0.4%12.8%, in the first nine monthssecond quarter of 20172020 compared to the same period of 2016.2019. The decrease in both net income and EPS-diluted was driven primarily by lower gross profit and higher income taxes, partially offset by lower SM&A expenses, as noted above. Our 2020 EPS-diluted also benefited from lower weighted-average shares outstanding as a result of share repurchases pursuant to our Board-approved repurchase programs.
Results of Operations - First Six Months 2020 vs. First Six Months 2019
Net Sales
Net sales decreased 1.0% in the first six months of 2020 compared to the same period of 2019, reflecting a volume decrease of 4.5% due to the impact of COVID-19 on sales in our international markets, as well as declines in owned retail and world travel retail and elasticity-driven impacts due to price increases on certain products, and an unfavorable impact from foreign currency exchange rates of 0.4%. These decreases were partially offset by a favorable price realization of 3.1% due to higher prices on certain products and a 0.8% benefit from net acquisitions and divestitures (predominantly driven by the 2019 acquisition of ONE Brands, partially offset by the 2020 divestitures of Krave and the Scharffen Berger and Dagoba brands).
Cost of Sales and Gross Margin
Cost of sales increased 3.4% in the first six months of 2020 compared to the same period of 2019. The increase was driven by an incremental $103.4 million of unfavorable mark-to-market activity on our commodity derivative instruments. These derivative instruments are intended to economically hedge future years' commodity purchases, however, they were significantly impacted by financial market volatility during the first six months of 2020. Additionally, the increase in cost of sales was attributed to higher freight and logistics costs and additional plant costs, specifically, PPE costs, increased sanitation and wage incentives associated with COVID-19. These drivers were partially offset by favorable supply chain productivity.
Gross margin decreased by 240 basis points in in the first six months of 2020 compared to the same period of 2019. The decrease was primarily due to unfavorable year-over-year mark-to-market impact from commodity derivative instruments, the higher freight and logistics costs and additional plant costs. These factors were partially offset by favorable price realization and supply chain productivity.
Selling, Marketing and Administrative
SM&A expenses decreased $23.0 million or 2.5% in the first six months of 2020. Total advertising and related consumer marketing expenses decreased 4.5% driven by media cost efficiencies and select brand investment optimization related to COVID-19 in both the North America and International and Other segments. SM&A expenses, excluding advertising and related consumer marketing, decreased approximately 1.4% in the first six months of 2020 primarily due to savings in travel and meeting expenses as a result of COVID-19 related travel restrictions.


The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 38


Long-Lived Asset Impairment Charges
During the first six months of 2020, we recorded the following impairment charges:
In millions of dollars
Adjustment to disposal group (1)$6.2 
Other asset write-down (2)2.9 
Long-lived asset impairment charges$9.1 
(1)In connection with our disposal group classified as held for sale, as discussed in Note 8 to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements, during the first six months of 2020, we recorded impairment charges to adjust long-lived asset values. The fair value of the disposal group was supported by potential sales prices with third-party buyers. We expect the sale of the disposal group to be completed during 2020.
(2)In connection with a previous sale, the Company wrote-down certain receivables deemed uncollectible.

During the first six months of 2019, we recorded long-lived asset impairment charges of $4.7 million, which were
predominantly comprised of select land that had not yet met the held for sale criteria.
Business Realignment Activities
Business realignment benefits of $0.5 million in the first six months of 2020 versus costs of $6.2 million in the first six months of 2019 related primarily to the Margin for Growth Program, which is discussed in more detail in Note 9 to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
Operating Profit and higher business realignment costs,Operating Profit Margin
Operating profit decreased 9.7% in the first six months of 2020 compared to the same period of 2019 due primarily to lower gross profit, partially offset by lower SM&A expenses, as noted above, whereas,above. Operating profit margin decreased to 20.5% in 2020 from 22.4% in 2019 driven by these same factors.
Interest Expense, Net
Net interest expense was $3.1 million higher in the first six months of 2020 compared to the same period of 2019. The increase was primarily due to lower interest income in 2020 as we recognized a benefit in 2019 related to an international local tax settlement, as well as higher long-term debt balances in 2020 versus 2019 (predominantly due to $1.0 billion of notes issued in October 2019).
Other (Income) Expense, Net
Other (income) expense, net totaled expense of $22.8 million in the first six months of 2020 versus expense of $18.6 million in the first six months of 2019. The increase in EPSthe net expense was primarily due to higher write-downs on equity investments qualifying for federal historic and energy tax credits, partially offset by lower non-service cost components of net periodic benefit cost relating to pension and other post-retirement benefit plans during 2020.
Income Taxes and Effective Tax Rate
Our effective income tax rate was 19.8% for the first six months of 2020 compared with 18.7% for the first six months of 2019. Relative to the 21% statutory rate, the 2020 effective tax rate was favorably impacted by investment tax credits and the benefit of employee share-based payments, partially offset by state taxes. The 2019 effective tax rate, relative to the 21% statutory rate, was impacted by a change to foreign valuation allowances, the benefit of employee share-based payments, and investment tax credits, which were partially offset by state taxes.
Net Income attributable to The Hershey Company and Earnings Per Share-diluted
Net income decreased $77.2 million, or 12.5%, while EPS-diluted decreased $0.35, or 11.9%, in the first six months of 2020 compared to the same period of 2019. The decrease in both net income and EPS-diluted was driven primarily by lower dilutedgross profit, partially offset by lower SM&A expenses and lower taxes. Our 2020 EPS-diluted also benefited from lower weighted-average shares outstanding.outstanding as a result of share repurchases pursuant to our Board-approved repurchase programs.




The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 39


SEGMENT RESULTS
The summary that follows provides a discussion of the results of operations of our two reportable segments: North America and International and Other. The segments reflect our operations on a geographic basis. For segment reporting purposes, we use “segment income” to evaluate segment performance and allocate resources. Segment income excludes unallocated general corporate administrative expenses, unallocated mark-to-market gains and losses on commodity derivatives, business realignment and impairment charges, acquisition integrationacquisition-related costs and NSRPEother unusual gains or losses that are not part of our measurement of segment performance. These items of our operating income are largely managed centrally at the corporate level and are excluded from the measure of segment income reviewed by the CODM and used for resource allocation and internal management reporting and performance evaluation. Segment income and segment income margin, which are presented in the segment discussion that follows, are non-GAAP measures and do not purport to be alternatives to operating income as a measure of operating performance. We believe that these measures are useful to investors and other users of our financial information in evaluating ongoing operating profitability as well as in evaluating operating performance in relation to our competitors, as they exclude the activities that are not integraldirectly attributable to our ongoing segment operations. For further information, see the Non-GAAP Information section of this MD&A.

Our segment results, including a reconciliation to our consolidated results, were as follows:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019June 28, 2020June 30, 2019
In millions of dollars
Net Sales:
North America$1,583.8  $1,568.0  $3,428.6  $3,375.0  
International and Other123.5  199.2  316.0  408.7  
Total$1,707.3  $1,767.2  $3,744.6  $3,783.7  
Segment Income (Loss):
North America$497.6  $470.9  $1,079.1  $1,035.7  
International and Other(4.0) 21.9  12.0  42.2  
Total segment income493.6  492.8  1,091.1  1,077.9  
Unallocated corporate expense (1)106.9  125.2  231.4  242.9  
Unallocated mark-to-market losses (gains) on commodity derivatives (2)0.5  (53.6) 82.2  (25.6) 
Long-lived asset impairment charges1.6  4.7  9.1  4.7  
Costs associated with business realignment activities1.3  6.4  2.2  6.9  
Operating profit383.3  410.1  766.2  849.0  
Interest expense, net38.1  33.8  74.3  71.2  
Other (income) expense, net11.2  13.1  22.8  18.6  
Income before income taxes$334.0  $363.2  $669.1  $759.2  
(1)Includes centrally-managed (a) corporate functional costs relating to legal, treasury, finance and human resources, (b) expenses associated with the oversight and administration of our global operations, including warehousing, distribution and manufacturing, information systems and global shared services, (c) non-cash stock-based compensation expense, (d) acquisition-related costs and (e) other gains or losses that are not integral to segment performance.
(2)Net losses (gains) losses on mark-to-market valuation of commodity derivative positions recognized in unallocated derivative losses (gains). See Note 13 to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.


The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 40

   Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
  October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016
Net Sales:        
North America $1,792,377
 $1,764,528
 $4,946,537
 $4,842,840
International and Other 240,744
 238,926
 629,253
 627,097
Total $2,033,121
 $2,003,454
 $5,575,790
 $5,469,937
         
Segment Income (Loss):        
North America $554,578
 $563,946
 $1,568,098
 $1,519,059
International and Other 16,400
 4,284
 26,491
 (12,411)
Total segment income 570,978
 568,230
 1,594,589
 1,506,648
Unallocated corporate expense (1) 124,115
 121,828
 366,938
 370,622
Unallocated mark-to-market (gains) losses on commodity derivatives (2) (21,954) 35,791
 (27,486) 30,851
Long-lived asset impairment charges 
 
 208,712
 
Costs associated with business realignment activities 8,257
 27,962
 69,699
 104,487
Non-service related pension expense 21,540
 6,360
 30,123
 20,666
Acquisition and integration costs 
 2,265
 311
 3,727
Operating profit 439,020
 374,024
 946,292
 976,295
Interest expense, net 24,589
 24,387
 72,456
 66,730
Other (income) expense, net 13,630
 21,800
 23,557
 8,703
Income before income taxes $400,801
 $327,837
 $850,279
 $900,862

(1)Includes centrally-managed (a) corporate functional costs relating to legal, treasury, finance and human resources, (b) expenses associated with the oversight and administration of our global operations, including warehousing, distribution and manufacturing, information systems and global shared services, (c) non-cash stock-based compensation expense and (d) other gains or losses that are not integral to segment performance.
(2)Net (gains) losses on mark-to-market valuation of commodity derivative positions recognized in unallocated derivative (gains) losses. See Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.


North America
The North America segment is responsible for our chocolate and non-chocolate confectionery market position, as well as our grocery and growing snacks market positions, in the United States and Canada. This includes developing and growing our business in chocolate and non-chocolate confectionery, pantry, food service and other snacking product lines. North America results, which accounted for 88.2%92.8% and 88.1%88.7% of our net sales for the three months ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016, respectively. North America results for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2017 and October 2, 2016June 30, 2019, respectively, were as follows:
 Three Months Ended Percent Nine Months Ended PercentThree Months EndedPercentSix Months EndedPercent

 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 Change October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 ChangeJune 28, 2020June 30, 2019ChangeJune 28, 2020June 30, 2019Change
In millions of dollars            In millions of dollars
Net sales $1,792.4
 $1,764.5
 1.6 % $4,946.5
 $4,842.8
 2.1%Net sales$1,583.8  $1,568.0  1.0 %$3,428.6  $3,375.0  1.6 %
Segment income 554.6
 563.9
 (1.7)% 1,568.1
 1,519.1
 3.2%Segment income497.6  470.9  5.7 %1,079.1  1,035.7  4.2 %
Segment margin 30.9% 32.0%   31.7% 31.4%  Segment margin31.4 %30.0 %31.5 %30.7 %
Results of Operations - ThirdSecond Quarter 20172020 vs. ThirdSecond Quarter 20162019
Net sales of our North America segment increased $27.9$15.8 million or 1.6%1.0% in 2017the second quarter of 2020 compared to 2016, driven by increased volumethe same period of 1.6% due to core brand growth and innovation, specifically, Hershey's Cookie Layer Crunch, and the launch of Hershey's and Reese's Popped Snack Mix and Chocolate Dipped Pretzels. Net2019, reflecting favorable price realization decreased by 0.3% dueof 4.2% attributed to increasedhigher prices on certain products and decreased levels of trade promotional spending. Excludingspending compared to prior year, as well as a 0.8% benefit from net acquisitions and divestitures (predominantly driven by the favorable impact2019 acquisition of ONE Brands, partially offset by the 2020 divestitures of Krave and the Scharffen Berger and Dagoba brands). These increases were partially offset by a volume decrease of 3.8%, which was primarily elasticity-driven due to the aforementioned price increases and COVID-19 related impacts to the business, as well as unfavorable foreign currency exchange rates of 0.3%, the net sales of our North America segment increased by approximately 1.3%0.2%.
Our North America segment income decreased $9.3increased $26.7 million or 1.7%5.7% in 2017the second quarter of 2020 compared to 2016, driventhe same period of 2019, primarily due to favorable price realization, lower trade promotional spending and lower advertising and related consumer marketing expenses as a result of COVID-19, partially offset by investments in greater levels of advertising expensehigher supply chain-related costs, specifically, PPE costs, increased sanitation and go-to-market capabilities,wage incentives associated with COVID-19, as well as unfavorable manufacturing variances and higher freight and warehousing costs.volume decreases.
Results of Operations - First NineSix Months 20172020 vs. First NineSix Months 20162019
Net sales of our North America segment increased $103.7$53.6 million or 2.1%1.6% in 2017the first six months of 2020 compared to 2016,the same period of 2019, reflecting favorable price realization of 3.5% attributed to higher prices on certain products and a 0.9% benefit from net acquisitions and divestitures (predominantly driven by increasedthe 2019 acquisition of ONE Brands, partially offset by the 2020 divestitures of Krave and the Scharffen Berger and Dagoba brands). These increases were partially offset by a volume decrease of 1.3%2.7%, which was primarily elasticity-driven due to core brand growth throughout 2017the aforementioned price increases and innovation, specifically, new product launches. Additionally,COVID-19 related impacts to the barkTHINS brand acquisition contributed 0.4%. Net price realization increased by 0.4% due to decreased levels of trade promotional spending. There was nobusiness, as well as unfavorable foreign currency exchange rate impact during the period.rates of 0.1%.
Our North America segment income increased $49.0$43.4 million or 3.2%4.2% in 2017the first six months of 2020 compared to 2016, driven by higher gross profit,the same period of 2019, primarily due to favorable price realization, lower trade promotional spending and lower advertising and related consumer marketing expenses as a result of COVID-19, partially offset by investments in greater levels of selling expensehigher supply chain-related costs, specifically, PPE costs, increased sanitation and go-to-market capabilities and increased depreciation and amortization resulting from the recent barkTHINS brand acquisition.wage incentives associated with COVID-19, as well as volume decreases.




The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 41


International and Other
The International and Other segment includes all other countries where we currently manufacture, import, market, sell or distribute chocolate and non-chocolate confectionery and other products. Currently, this includes our operations in China and other Asia markets, Latin America, Europe, Africa and the Middle East, along with exports to these regions. While a less significant component, this segment also includes our global retail operations, including Hershey’s Chocolate World stores in Hershey, Pennsylvania, New York City, Las Vegas, Shanghai, Niagara Falls (Ontario), Dubai and Singapore, as well as operations associated with licensing the use of certain trademarks and products to third parties around the world. International and Other results, which accounted for 11.8%7.2% and 11.9%11.3% of our net sales for the three months ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and October 2, 2016, respectively. International and Other results for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2017 and October 2, 2016June 30, 2019, respectively, were as follows:
Three Months EndedPercentSix Months EndedPercent
June 28, 2020June 30, 2019ChangeJune 28, 2020June 30, 2019Change
In millions of dollars
Net sales$123.5  $199.2  (38.0)%$316.0  $408.7  (22.7)%
Segment (loss) income(4.0) 21.9  (118.3)%12.0  42.2  (71.6)%
Segment margin(3.2)%11.0 %3.8 %10.3 %
  Three Months Ended Percent Nine Months Ended Percent

 October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 Change October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016 Change
In millions of dollars            
Net sales $240.7
 $238.9
 0.8% $629.3
 $627.1
 0.3%
Segment income (loss) 16.4
 4.3
 282.8% 26.5
 (12.4) NM
Segment margin 6.8% 1.8%   4.2% (2.0)%  

Results of Operations - ThirdSecond Quarter 20172020 vs. ThirdSecond Quarter 20162019
Net sales of our International and Other segment increased $1.8decreased $75.7 million or 0.8%38.0% in 2017the second quarter of 2020 compared to 2016,the same period of 2019, reflecting favorable price realizationa volume decrease of 4.7% and a favorable31.3%, an unfavorable impact from foreign currency exchange rates of 1.3%4.6%, partially offsetand unfavorable price realization of 2.1%. The volume decrease was attributed to significant sales declines in our strategic focus markets, most notably Mexico, where net sales declined by volume declines54.5%, as well as reduced sales in our export markets, due to the implementation of 5.2%. Excludingquarantine protocols by local governments to mitigate the favorable impactspread of foreign currency exchange rates,COVID-19.
Our International and Other segment also includes licensing, owned retail and world travel retail, where net sales declined approximately 51.0% during the second quarter of 2020 as the Company temporarily closed all Hershey’s Chocolate World stores in the United States (3 locations), Niagara Falls (Ontario) and Singapore in March amid the COVID-19 pandemic. In June, the Company re-opened Hershey’s Chocolate World stores in the United States and Niagara Falls (Ontario) on a limited capacity basis with increased safety measures and enforced social distancing. The Company's Chocolate World store in Singapore remains temporarily closed.
Our International and Other segment generated losses of $4.0 million in the second quarter of 2020 compared to income of $21.9 million in the second quarter of 2019. This decrease was driven by the lower level of net sales associated with the COVID-19 disruption.
Results of Operations - First Six Months 2020 vs. First Six Months 2019
Net sales of our International and Other segment decreased by approximately 0.5%.
The favorable net$92.7 million or 22.7% in the first six months of 2020 compared to the same period of 2019, reflecting a volume decrease of 19.0%, an unfavorable impact from foreign currency exchange rates of 3.4%, and unfavorable price realization of 0.3%. The volume decrease was drivenattributed to significant sales declines in our strategic focus markets, most notably China and Mexico, where net sales declined by higher prices in select markets,41.4% and 26.4%, respectively, as well as reduced levels of trade promotional spending, which declined significantly comparedsales in our export markets, due to the prior year. Constant currencyimplementation of quarantine protocols by local governments to mitigate the spread of COVID-19.
Our International and Other segment also includes licensing, owned retail and world travel retail, where net sales in Mexico and Brazil increased by 9.6% and 3.3%, respectively, driven by solid chocolate marketplace performance. India also experienced constant currency net sales growthdeclined approximately 31.5% during the first six months of 16.0%. The volume decrease is primarily attributed to our China business, driven by softness2020 as the Company temporarily closed all Hershey’s Chocolate World stores in the modern trade channel coupledUnited States (3 locations), Niagara Falls (Ontario) and Singapore in March amid the COVID-19 pandemic. In June, the Company re-opened Hershey’s Chocolate World stores in the United States and Niagara Falls (Ontario) on a limited capacity basis with a focus on optimizing our product offerings.increased safety measures and enforced social distancing. The Company's Chocolate World store in Singapore remains temporarily closed.

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 42


Our International and Other segment generated income of $16.4$12.0 million in 2017the first six months of 2020 compared to $4.3$42.2 million in 2016, driven by reduced trade promotional spending and lower operating expenses in China as a resultthe first six months of our Margin for Growth Program.
Results of Operations - First Nine Months 2017 vs. First Nine Months 2016
Net sales of our International and Other segment increased $2.2 million or 0.3% in 2017 compared to 2016, reflecting favorable price realization of 3.8%, favorable impact from foreign currency exchange rates of 0.3%, partially offset by volume declines of 3.8%. Excluding the favorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates, the net sales of our International and Other segment were flat.
The favorable net price realization2019. This decrease was driven by reduced levelsthe lower level of trade promotional spending, which declined significantly compared to the prior year, as well as higher prices in select markets. Constant currency net sales in Mexico and Brazil increased by 13.1% and 7.7%, respectively, driven by solid chocolate marketplace performance. India also experienced constant currency net sales growth of 10.9%. The volume decrease is primarily attributed to our China business, driven by softness inassociated with the modern trade channel coupled with a focus on optimizing our product offerings.
Our International and Other segment generated income of $26.5 million in 2017 compared to a loss of $12.4 million in 2016 due to improved combined income in Latin America and export markets versus the prior year. Additionally, segment income benefited from reduced trade promotional spending and lower operating expenses in China as a result of our Margin for Growth Program.


COVID-19 disruption.
Unallocated Corporate Expense
Unallocated corporate expense includes centrally-managed (a) corporate functional costs relating to legal, treasury, finance and human resources, (b) expenses associated with the oversight and administration of our global operations, including warehousing, distribution and manufacturing, information systems and global shared services, (c) non-cash stock-based compensation expense and (d) other gains or losses that are not integral to segment performance.
In the thirdsecond quarter of 2017,2020, unallocated corporate expense totaled $124.1$106.9 million, as compared to $121.8$125.2 million in the same periodsecond quarter of 2016,2019, primarily duedriven by savings in travel and meeting expenses related to higher employee related costs.COVID-19 travel restrictions and lower incentive compensation. In the first ninesix months of 2017,2020, unallocated corporate expense totaled $366.9$231.4 million, as compared to $370.6$242.9 million in the same periodfirst six months of 2016,2019 primarily duedriven by savings in travel and meeting expenses related to savings realized in 2017 from our productivity and cost savings initiatives.COVID-19 travel restrictions.

Liquidity and Capital ResourcesThe Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 43


LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Historically, our primary source of liquidity has been cash generated from operations. Domestic seasonal working capital needs, which typically peak during the summer months, are generally met by utilizing cash on hand, bank borrowings or the issuance of commercial paper. Commercial paper may also be issued, from time to time, to finance ongoing business transactions, such as the repayment of long-term debt, business acquisitions and for other general corporate purposes.
At October 1, 2017,June 28, 2020, our cash and cash equivalents totaled $275.1 million.$1.2 billion. At December 31, 2016,2019, our cash and cash equivalents totaled $297.0$493.3 million. Our cash and cash equivalents during the first ninesix months of 2017 declined $21.92020 increased $672.1 million compared to the 20162019 year-end balancebalance. This increase was predominantly due to our $1 billion Notes issuance in May 2020 as a resultwe intend to mitigate any potential COVID-19 risks, partially offset by the repayment of $350 million Notes that matured in May 2020. Additional detail regarding the net usessources of cash are outlined in the following discussion.
Approximately 80%30% of the balance of our cash and cash equivalents at October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 was held by subsidiaries domiciled outside of the United States. If these amounts held outsideDuring the first six months of 2020, previously undistributed earnings of certain international subsidiaries were no longer considered indefinitely reinvested; however, the Company had previously recognized a one-time U.S. repatriation tax due under U.S. tax reform, and as a result, only an immaterial amount of withholding tax was recognized. For the remainder of the United States wereCompany’s cash held by international subsidiaries, we intend to be repatriated, under current law they would be subjectcontinue to U.S. federal income taxes, less applicable foreign tax credits. However, our intent is to permanently reinvest these funds outside of the United States. The cash that our foreign subsidiaries hold for indefinite reinvestment is expected to be used to finance foreign operations and investments.undistributed earnings indefinitely. We believe we have sufficient liquidity to satisfy our cash needs, including our cash needs in the United States.
Cash Flow Summary
The following table is derived from our Consolidated StatementStatements of Cash Flows:
 Nine Months EndedSix Months Ended
In millions of dollars October 1, 2017 October 2, 2016In millions of dollarsJune 28, 2020June 30, 2019
Net cash provided by (used in):    Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities $625.9
 $450.8
Operating activities$614.0  $679.3  
Investing activities (187.1) (486.0)Investing activities(209.8) (206.4) 
Financing activities (465.7) 21.5
Financing activities295.9  (698.7) 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 5.0
 0.5
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(17.3) 3.8  
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents $(21.9) $(13.2)
Less: Cash classified as assets held for sale (see Note 8)
Less: Cash classified as assets held for sale (see Note 8)
(10.7) —  
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalentsIncrease (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents$672.1  $(222.0) 
Operating activities
We generated net cash of $614.0 million from operating activities of $625.9 million in the first ninesix months of 2017, an increase2020, a decrease of $175.1$65.3 million compared to $450.8$679.3 million in the same period of 2016.2019. This increasedecrease in net cash fromprovided by operating activities was mainly driven by the following factors:
Net income adjusted for non-cash charges to operations (including depreciation, amortization, stock-based compensation, deferred income taxes, long-lived asset impairment charges, a write-down of equity investments the gain on settlement of the SGM liability and other charges) resulted in an incremental $160.4$69.5 million of lower cash flow in the 2017 period2020 relative to the same period of 2016.2019.
WorkingNet working capital (comprised of trade accounts receivable, inventory, accounts payable and accrued liabilities) usedconsumed cash of $369.3$201.9 million in 2020 and $151.5 million in 2019. This $50.4 million fluctuation was mainly driven by the 2017 periodfollowing factor:
$43.6 million decrease in cash provided by accounts receivable, primarily driven by a decrease in shorter term sales as well as timing of customer payments, resulting in a slightly higher investment in accounts receivable at the end of the second quarter of 2020 compared to $367.3 million during the same period of 2016. This $2.02019.
$24.2 million unfavorable fluctuation was mainlyincrease in cash used by other assets and liabilities, primarily driven by:    by the effect of commodity derivative activity in 2020 relative to 2019.
Increase in cash used by inventories of $109.3 million, due to a higher year-over-year build up of U.S. inventories to satisfy seasonal product requirements and maintain sufficient levels to accommodate customer requirements, coupled with a higher investment in inventory in Brazil and Mexico, driven by volume growth in those markets.

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 44



The decrease in working capitalcash provided by operating activities was partially offset by the following net cash inflow:
Reduction in cash used by accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $111.6 million, due to the timing of payments for trade-related and other accounts payables, as well as an increase in our liability for business realignment activities (see Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information). Additionally, derivative activity in 2016 included an $87 million payment to settle an interest rate swap in connection with the issuance of new debt in August 2016.
Investing activities
We used netIncomes taxes generated cash for investing activities of $187.1$65.2 million in the first nine months of 2017, a decrease of $298.9 million2020, compared to $486.0cash used of $15.5 million in 2019. This $80.7 million fluctuation was primarily due to the deferral of quarterly estimated tax payments in 2020 as a result of the CARES Act. We paid income taxes of $71.6 million during 2020 compared to $136.9 million in the same period of 2016.2019.

Investing activities
We used cash of $209.8 million for investing activities in the first six months of 2020, an increase of $3.4 million compared to $206.4 million in the same period of 2019. This decreaseincrease in net cash used in investing activities was mainly driven by the following factors:
Capital spending. We spent $19.3 million less for property, plant and equipment,Capital expenditures, including capitalized software, duringprimarily to support capacity expansion, innovation and cost savings, were $185.8 million in the first ninesix months of 20172020 compared to $176.3 million in the same period of 2016.2019. For the full year 2017,2020, we expect capital expenditures, including capitalized software, to approximate $260$400 million to $275 million.
$450 million, as we continue to evaluate and re-prioritize our capital projects amid the COVID-19 pandemic.
Investments in partnerships qualifying for tax credits. We make investments in partnership entities that in turn make equity investments in projects eligible to receive federal historic and energy tax credits. We invested approximately $4.6 million more in projects qualifying for tax credits during the first nine months of 2017 compared to the same period of 2016.
Business acquisitions. In April 2016, we acquired Ripple Brand Collective, LLC for $285 million. Further details regarding our business acquisition activity are provided in Note 2 to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
Financing activities
We used net cash for financing activities of $465.7$26.4 million in the first ninesix months of 2017,2020, compared to net cash generated of $21.5$30.3 million in the same period of 2016.2019.
Financing activities
We generated cash of $295.9 million from financing activities in the first six months of 2020, an increase of $994.6 million compared to cash used of $698.7 million in the same period of 2019. This $487.2 million incremental changeincrease in net cash forprovided by financing activities was mainly driven by the following factors:
Short-term borrowings, net. In addition to utilizing cash on hand, we use short-term borrowings (commercial paper and bank borrowings) to fund seasonal working capital requirements and ongoing business needs. During the first ninesix months of 2017,2020, we generated cash flow of $173$166.0 million primarily from proceeds onpredominantly through the issuance of short-term commercial paper, issuances. During the first nine months of 2016, we generated cash flow of $345 million from proceeds on short-term commercial paper issuances, partially offset by a $97 million reductionas well as an increase in short-term foreign bank borrowings.
 During the first six months of 2019, we had a net reduction in short-term borrowings of $311.2 million primarily due to repayments on commercial paper, partially offset by increases in short-term foreign borrowings.


Long-term debt borrowings and repayments. We had no long-term issuance or repayment activity during the first nine months of 2017.  During the first ninesix months of 2016, we used $250 million to repay long-term debt. Additionally, in 2016,2020, we issued $500$300 million of 2.30%0.900% Notes due in 2026 and $3002025, $350 million of 3.375%1.700% Notes due in 2046.
Share repurchases2030 and $350 million of 2.650% Notes due in 2050 (the "2020 Notes"). We used cash for total share repurchasesProceeds from the issuance of $300.3the 2020 Notes, net of discounts and issuance costs, totaled $989.9 million. Additionally, in May 2020, we repaid $350 million duringof 2.900% Notes due upon their maturity. During the first ninesix months of 2017 pursuant to2019, our practice of replenishing shares issued for stock optionslong-term debt borrowings and incentive compensation. Additionally, our 2017 share repurchases included a privately negotiated repurchase transaction with the Milton Hershey School Trust. We used cash for total share repurchases of $452.6 million during the first nine months of 2016, which included shares repurchased in the open market under pre-approved share repurchase programs. In October 2017, our Board of Directors approved an additional $100 million share repurchase authorization, to commence after the existing 2016 authorization is completed.
repayments activity was minimal.
Dividend payments. Total dividend payments to holders of our Common Stock and Class B Common Stock were $391.8$314.3 million during the first ninesix months of 2017,2020, an increase of $20.1$18.8 million compared to $371.7$295.5 million in the same period of 2016.2019. Details regarding our 2020 cash dividends paid to stockholders are as follows:
Quarter Ended
In millions of dollars except per share amountsMarch 29, 2020June 28, 2020
Dividends paid per share – Common stock$0.773  $0.773  
Dividends paid per share – Class B common stock$0.702  $0.702  
Total cash dividends paid$157.8  $156.5  
Declaration dateJanuary 28, 2020April 21, 2020
Record dateFebruary 21, 2020May 22, 2020
Payment dateMarch 16, 2020June 15, 2020

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 45


Share repurchases. We used cash for total share repurchases of $211.2 million and $254.4 million during the first six months of 2020 and 2019, respectively, pursuant to our practice of replenishing shares issued for stock options and incentive compensation, as well as shares repurchased in the open market under pre-approved share repurchase programs.
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options. options, including tax benefits. We received $53.5$17.5 million from employee exercises of stock options, net of payments of employee taxes withheld from share-based awards, during the first ninesix months of 2017,2020, a decrease of $34.6$143.9 million compared to $88.1$161.4 million in the same period of 2016.
2019.
Other. In February 2016, we used $35.8 million to purchase the remaining 20% of the outstanding shares of SGM.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Information on recently adopted and recently issued accounting standards is included in Note 1 to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.




The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 46


Safe Harbor Statement
We are subject to changing economic, competitive, regulatory and technological risks and uncertainties that could have a material impact on our business, financial condition or results of operations. In connection with the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, we note the following factors that, among others, could cause future results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements, expectations and assumptions that we have discussed directly or implied in this report. Many of the forward-looking statements contained in this report may be identified by the use of words such as “intend,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “should,” “planned,” “projected,” “estimated,” and “potential,” among others.
The factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the results projected in our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to the following:
IssuesOur Company’s reputation or brand image might be impacted as a result of issues or concerns relatedrelating to the quality and safety of our products, ingredients or packaging, human and workplace rights, and other environmental, social or governance matters, which in turn could cause a product recall and/or result in harm to the Company's reputation, negatively impactingimpact our operating results;
Increases in raw material and energy costs along with the availability of adequate supplies of raw materials could affect future financial results;
Price increases may not be sufficient to offset cost increases and maintain profitability or may result in sales volume declines associated with pricing elasticity;
Market demand for new and existing products could decline;
Increased marketplace competition could hurt our business;
Disruption to our manufacturing operations or supply chain could impair our ability to produce or deliver finished products, resulting in a negative impact on our operating results;
Our financial results may be adversely impacted by the failure to successfully execute or integrate acquisitions, divestitures and joint ventures;
Changes in governmental laws and regulations could increase our costs and liabilities or impact demand for our products;
Political, economic and/or financial market conditions could negatively impact our financial results;
Our international operations may not achieve projected growth objectives, which could adversely impact our overall business and results of operations;
Disruptions, failures or security breaches of our information technology infrastructure could have a negative impact on our operations;
We might not be able to hire, engage and retain the talented global workforce we need to drive our growth strategies;
We may not fully realize the expected costs savings and/or operating efficiencies associated with our strategic initiatives or restructuring programs, which may have an adverse impact on our business;
Complications with the design or implementation of our new enterprise resource planning system could adversely impact our business and operations;
Our business and financial results may be negatively impacted by the failure to successfully manage a disruption in consumer and trade patterns, as well as operational challenges associated with the actual or perceived effects of a disease outbreak, including epidemics, pandemics or similar widespread public health concerns, such as the current COVID-19 global pandemic; and


The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 47


Such other matters as discussed in our 20162019 Annual Report on Form 10-K.10-K, our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 29, 2020, and our Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 27, 2020.
We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect actual results, changes in expectations or events or circumstances after the date this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q is filed.



Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.RISK
The total notional amount of interest rate swaps outstanding was $350 million at October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and December 31, 2016.2019 was $350 million. The notional amount relates to fixed-to-floating interest rate swaps which convert a comparable amount of fixed-rate debt to variable rate debt at October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and December 31, 2016.2019. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates applied to this now variable ratevariable-rate debt as of October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 would have increased interest expense by approximately $2.7$1.8 million for the first ninesix months of 20172020 and $3.6$3.5 million for the full year 2016.2019.
In addition, the total amount of short-term debt, net of cash, amounted to net cash positions of $257 million and $461 million, respectively, at June 28, 2020 and December 31, 2019. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in interest rates applied to this variable-rate short-term debt as of June 28, 2020 would have changed interest expense by approximately $3.1 million for the first six months of 2020 and $4.3 million for the full year 2019.
We consider our current risk related to market fluctuations in interest rates on our remaining debt portfolio, excluding fixed-rate debt converted to variable rates with fixed-to-floating instruments, to be minimal since this debt is largely long-term and fixed-rate in nature. Generally, the fair market value of fixed-rate debt will increase as interest rates fall and decrease as interest rates rise. A 100 basis point increase in market interest rates would decrease the fair value of our fixed-rate long-term debt at October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and December 31, 20162019 by approximately $137$365 million and $142$246 million, respectively. However, since we currently have no plans to repurchase our outstanding fixed-rate instruments before their maturities, the impact of market interest rate fluctuations on our long-term debt does not affect our results of operations or financial position.
The potential decline in fair value of foreign currency forward exchange contracts resulting from a hypothetical near-term adverse change in market rates of 10% was $17.6$24.3 million as of October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and $9.6$55.4 million as of December 31, 2016. 2019, generally offset by a reduction in foreign exchange associated with our transactional activities.
Our open commodity derivative contracts had a notional value assuming period-end market prices, of $408.9$817.5 million as of October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 and $739.4$589.7 million as of December 31, 2016.2019. At the end of the thirdsecond quarter of 2017,2020, the potential change in fair value of commodity derivative instruments, assuming a 10% decrease in the underlying commodity price, would have increased our net unrealized losses by $40.9$74.8 million, generally offset by a reduction in the cost of the underlying commodity purchases.
Other than as described above, market risks have not changed significantly from those described in our 20162019 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 48


Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We have established disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)) designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of October 1, 2017.June 28, 2020. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of October 1, 2017.June 28, 2020.
We rely extensively on information systems and technology to manage our business and summarize operating results. We are in the process of a multi-year implementation of a new global enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) system, which will replace our existing operating and financial systems. The ERP system is designed to accurately maintain the Company’s financial records, enhance operational functionality and provide timely information to the Company’s management team related to the operation of the business. The implementation is expected to occur in phases over the next several years. We have completed the implementation of certain processes, including our consolidated financial reporting platform in the second quarter of 2018, as well as our trade promotions and direct marketing systems in the first quarter of 2019. These transitions did not result in significant changes in our internal control over financial reporting. However, as the next phases of the updated processes are rolled out in connection with the ERP implementation, we will give appropriate consideration to whether these process changes necessitate changes in the design of and testing for effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting.
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended October 1, 2017June 28, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.



The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 49


PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
Information on legal proceedings is included in Note 1416to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
When evaluating an investment in our Common Stock, investors should consider carefully, among other things, the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of our 20162019 Annual Report on Form 10-K, the risk factor previously disclosed in Part II, Item 1A, "Risk“Risk Factors," of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterquarterly period ended July 2, 2017,March 29, 2020 (the “Q2 2020 Quarterly Report”), Item 8.01 of our Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 27, 2020 and the information contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our other reports and registration statements filed with the SEC. ThereExcept as described in our Q2 2020 Quarterly Report and our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 27, 2020, there have been no material changes with respect to the risk factors disclosed in our risk factors since the filing of our Quarterly2019 Annual Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 2, 2017.10-K.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following table shows the purchases of shares of Common Stock made by or on behalf of Hershey, or any “affiliated purchaser” (as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) of Hershey, for each fiscal month in the three months ended October 1, 2017:June 28, 2020:
Period  Total Number
of Shares
Purchased (1)
 Average Price
Paid
per Share
 Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans 
or Programs (2)
 Approximate
Dollar Value of
Shares that May
Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs (2)
        (in thousands of dollars)
July 3 through July 30 
 $
 
 $100,000
July 31 through August 27 392,000
 $105.37
 
 $100,000
August 28 through October 1 1,500,000
 $106.01
 
 $100,000
Total 1,892,000
 $105.88
 
  
Period Total Number
of Shares
Purchased (1)
Average Price
Paid
per Share
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly 
Announced Plans 
or Programs (2)Approximate
Dollar Value of
Shares that May
Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plans or
Programs (2)
(in thousands of dollars)
March 30 through April 26285,000 $140.15 — $260,000 
April 27 through May 2415,000 $138.38 — $260,000 
May 25 through June 28— $— — $260,000 
Total300,000 $140.07 — 
(1) During the three months ended October 1, 2017, 392,000June 28, 2020, 300,000 shares of Common Stock were purchased in open market transactions in connection with our practice of buying back shares sufficient to offset those issued under incentive compensation plans. Additionally, our 2017 share repurchases included 1,500,000 shares repurchased under a privately negotiated repurchase transaction with the Milton Hershey School Trust.
(2) In January 2016,July 2018, our Board of Directors approved a $500 million share repurchase authorization.  As of October 1, 2017,June 28, 2020, approximately $100$260 million remained available for repurchases of our Common Stock under this program. In October 2017, our Board of Directors approved an additional $100 millionThe share repurchase authorization (excluded from the table above), to commence after the existing 2016 authorization is completed. Neither the 2016 or 2017 share repurchase authorizations hasprogram does not have an expiration date.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
Not applicable.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
Not applicable.
Item 5. Other Information.
Not applicable.



The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 50


Item 6. Exhibits.
The following exhibits are filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q:
Exhibit NumberDescription
- the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. 
104The cover page from the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 28, 2020, formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.
*
*Filed herewith
**Furnished herewith





SIGNATURES


The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 51


SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


THE HERSHEY COMPANY
 (Registrant)
Date:July 23, 2020THE HERSHEY COMPANY
 (Registrant)
Date:October 27, 2017/s/ Patricia A. LittleSteven E. Voskuil
Patricia A. LittleSteven E. Voskuil
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
Date:October 27, 2017/s/ Javier H. Idrovo
Javier H. Idrovo
Chief Accounting Officer
(Principaland Accounting Officer)



51

The Hershey Company | Q2 2020 Form 10-Q | Page 52