WELLS FARGO & COMPANY/MN0000072971false2022Q112/31NYSE5.85% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock, Series Q6.625% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock, Series R1.66661.6666http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2021-01-31#OtherAssetshttp://fasb.org/us-gaap/2021-01-31#OtherAssetshttp://fasb.org/us-gaap/2021-01-31#OtherLiabilitieshttp://fasb.org/us-gaap/2021-01-31#OtherLiabilities0.108110.691.6800.3340.7481.4600.5095.65.65.61.14.02.62.03.32.88.08.08.0If issued, preference shares would be limited to one vote per sharenilnil0000072971wfc:NonmarketableEquitySecuritiesMemberus-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsNonrecurringMemberus-gaap:MarketApproachValuationTechniqueMemberwfc:MeasurementInputMultiplesMember2021-12-31








UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017March 31, 2022
OR
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from __________ to __________
Commission file number 001-2979
WELLS FARGO & COMPANY
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
DelawareNo.41-0449260
(State of incorporation)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

420 Montgomery Street, San Francisco, California 9416394104
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 1-866-249-3302
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each ClassTrading SymbolName of Each Exchange
on Which Registered
Common Stock, par value $1-2/3WFC
New York Stock
Exchange
(NYSE)
7.5% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Class A Preferred Stock, Series LWFC.PRLNYSE
Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1000th interest in a share of 5.85% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock, Series QWFC.PRQNYSE
Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1000th interest in a share of 6.625% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock, Series RWFC.PRRNYSE
Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1000th interest in a share of Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock, Series YWFC.PRYNYSE
Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1000th interest in a share of Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock, Series ZWFC.PRZNYSE
Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1000th interest in a share of Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock, Series AAWFC.PRANYSE
Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1000th interest in a share of Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock, Series CCWFC.PRCNYSE
Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1000th interest in a share of Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock, Series DDWFC.PRDNYSE
Guarantee of Medium-Term Notes, Series A, due October 30, 2028 of Wells Fargo Finance LLCWFC/28ANYSE
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.YesþNo¨
Yes þ
No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes þ
No o
                                Yesþ No¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer  þAccelerated filer  ¨
Large accelerated filer    þ
Accelerated filer  o
Non-accelerated filer    o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company  o
Emerging growth company  o
Non-accelerated filer ¨Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.    o¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o
No þ
     Yes  Noþ
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Shares Outstanding
Shares Outstanding
October 25, 2017April 22, 2022
Common stock, $1-2/3 par value4,924,261,4493,790,352,243


FORM 10-Q 
CROSS-REFERENCE INDEX 
PART IFinancial Information 
Item 1.Financial StatementsPage
 Consolidated Statement of Income
 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
 Consolidated Balance Sheet
 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
 Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
 Notes to Financial Statements  
 1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies  
 2
Business Combinations
 3
Federal Funds Sold, Securities Purchased under Resale Agreements and Other Short-Term Investments  
 4
Investment Securities
 5
Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses
 6
Other Assets
 7
Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities
 8
Mortgage Banking Activities
 9
Intangible Assets
 10
Guarantees, Pledged Assets and Collateral
 11
Legal Actions
 12
Derivatives
 13
Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities
 14
Preferred Stock
 15
Employee Benefits
 16
Earnings Per Common Share
 17
Other Comprehensive Income
 18
Operating Segments
 19
Regulatory and Agency Capital Requirements
Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Financial Review) 
 Summary Financial Data  
 Overview
 Earnings Performance
 Balance Sheet Analysis
 Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements  
 Risk Management
 Capital Management
 Regulatory Matters
 Critical Accounting Policies  
 Current Accounting Developments
 Forward-Looking Statements  
 Risk Factors 
 Glossary of Acronyms
Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 4.Controls and Procedures
   
PART IIOther Information 
Item 1.Legal Proceedings
Item 1A.Risk Factors
Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Item 6.Exhibits
     
Signature


PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION








FORM 10-Q
CROSS-REFERENCE INDEX
PART IFinancial Information
Item 1.Financial StatementsPage
Consolidated Statement of Income
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
Consolidated Balance Sheet
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
Notes to Financial Statements
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Trading Activities
Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities
Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses
Leasing Activity
Equity Securities
Other Assets
Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities
Mortgage Banking Activities
10 Intangible Assets
11 Guarantees and Other Commitments
12 Pledged Assets and Collateral
13 Legal Actions
14 Derivatives
15 Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities
16 Preferred Stock
17 Revenue from Contracts with Customers
18 Employee Benefits and Other Expenses
19 Restructuring Charges
20 Earnings and Dividends Per Common Share
21 Other Comprehensive Income
22 Operating Segments
23 Regulatory Capital Requirements and Other Restrictions
Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Financial Review)
Summary Financial Data
Overview
Earnings Performance
Balance Sheet Analysis
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Risk Management
Capital Management
Regulatory Matters
Critical Accounting Policies
Current Accounting Developments
Forward-Looking Statements
Risk Factors 
Glossary of Acronyms
Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Item 4.Controls and Procedures
PART IIOther Information
Item 1.Legal Proceedings
Item 1A.Risk Factors
Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Item 6.Exhibits
Signature
Wells Fargo & Company1







FINANCIAL REVIEW
Summary Financial Data
Quarter endedMar 31, 2022
% Change from
($ in millions, except per share amounts)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Mar 31,
2021
Dec 31,
2021
Mar 31,
2021
Selected Income Statement Data
Total revenue$17,592 20,856 18,532 (16)%(5)
Noninterest expense13,870 13,198 13,989 (1)
Pre-tax pre-provision profit (PTPP) (1)3,722 7,658 4,543 (51)(18)
Provision for credit losses(787)(452)(1,048)(74)25 
Wells Fargo net income3,671 5,750 4,636 (36)(21)
Wells Fargo net income applicable to common stock3,393 5,470 4,256 (38)(20)
Common Share Data
Diluted earnings per common share0.88 1.38 1.02 (36)(14)
Dividends declared per common share0.25 0.20 0.10 25 150 
Common shares outstanding3,789.9 3,885.8 4,141.1 (2)(8)
Average common shares outstanding3,831.1 3,927.6 4,141.3 (2)(7)
Diluted average common shares outstanding3,868.9 3,964.7 4,171.0 (2)(7)
Book value per common share (2)$42.21 43.32 40.27 (3)
Tangible book value per common share (2)(3)35.13 36.35 33.49 (3)
Selected Equity Data (period-end)
Total equity181,689 190,110 188,034 (4)(3)
Common stockholders’ equity159,968 168,331 166,748 (5)(4)
Tangible common equity (3)133,144 141,254 138,702 (6)(4)
Performance Ratios
Return on average assets (ROA) (4)0.78 %1.17 0.97 
Return on average equity (ROE) (5)8.4 12.8 10.3 
Return on average tangible common equity (ROTCE) (3)10.0 15.3 12.4 
Efficiency ratio (6)79 63 75 
Net interest margin on a taxable-equivalent basis2.16 2.11 2.05 
Selected Balance Sheet Data (average)
Loans$898,005 875,036 873,439 
Assets1,919,392 1,943,430 1,934,425 (1)(1)
Deposits1,464,072 1,470,027 1,393,472 — 
Selected Balance Sheet Data (period-end)
Debt securities535,916 537,531 505,826 — 
Loans911,807 895,394 861,572 
Allowance for credit losses for loans12,681 13,788 18,043 (8)(30)
Equity securities70,755 72,886 57,702 (3)23 
Assets1,939,709 1,948,068 1,957,264 — (1)
Deposits1,481,354 1,482,479 1,437,119 — 
Headcount (#) (period-end)246,577 249,435 264,513 (1)(7)
Capital and other metrics
Risk-based capital ratios and components (7):
Standardized Approach:
Common equity tier 1 (CET1)10.45 %11.35 11.85 
Tier 1 capital11.96 12.89 13.54 
Total capital14.72 15.84 16.75 
Risk-weighted assets (RWAs) (in billions)$1,265.5 1,239.0 1,179.0 
Advanced Approach:
Common equity tier 1 (CET1)11.82 %12.60 12.60 
Tier 1 capital13.52 14.31 14.39 
Total capital15.87 16.72 16.92 
Risk-weighted assets (RWAs) (in billions)$1,119.5 1,116.1 1,109.4 — 
Tier 1 leverage ratio8.00 %8.34 8.36 
Supplementary Leverage Ratio (SLR)6.61 6.89 7.91 
Total Loss Absorbing Capacity (TLAC) Ratio (8)22.31 23.03 25.18 
Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) (9)119 118 127 
NM – Not meaningful
(1)Pre-tax pre-provision profit (PTPP) is total revenue less noninterest expense. Management believes that PTPP is a useful financial measure because it enables investors and others to assess the Company’s ability to generate capital to cover credit losses through a credit cycle.
(2)Book value per common share is common stockholders’ equity divided by common shares outstanding. Tangible book value per common share is tangible common equity divided by common shares outstanding.
(3)Tangible common equity is a non-GAAP financial measure and represents total equity less preferred equity, noncontrolling interests, goodwill, certain identifiable intangible assets (other than mortgage servicing rights) and goodwill and other intangibles on investments in consolidated portfolio companies, net of applicable deferred taxes. The methodology of determining tangible common equity may differ among companies. Management believes that return on average tangible common equity and tangible book value per common share, which utilize tangible common equity, are useful financial measures because they enable management, investors, and others to assess the Company’s use of equity. For additional information, including a corresponding reconciliation to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) financial measures, see the “Capital Management – Tangible Common Equity” section in this Report.
(4)Represents Wells Fargo net income divided by average assets.
(5)Represents Wells Fargo net income applicable to common stock divided by average common stockholders’ equity.
(6)The efficiency ratio is noninterest expense divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income).
(7)For additional information, see the “Capital Management” section and Note 23 (Regulatory Capital Requirements and Other Restrictions) to Financial Statements in this Report.
(8)Represents TLAC divided by RWAs, which is our binding TLAC ratio, determined by using the greater of RWAs under the Standardized and Advanced Approaches.
(9)Represents high-quality liquid assets divided by projected net cash outflows, as each is defined under the LCR rule.
Summary Financial Data                  
        % Change          
 Quarter ended  Sep 30, 2017 from  Nine months ended    
($ in millions, except per share amounts)Sep 30,
2017

 Jun 30,
2017

 Sep 30,
2016

 Jun 30,
2017

 Sep 30,
2016

 Sep 30,
2017


Sep 30,
2016

 
%
Change

For the Period                  
Wells Fargo net income$4,596
 5,810
 5,644
 (21)% (19) $15,863
 16,664
 (5)%
Wells Fargo net income applicable to common stock4,185
 5,404
 5,243
 (23) (20) 14,645
 15,501
 (6)
Diluted earnings per common share0.84
 1.07
 1.03
 (21) (18) 2.91
 3.03
 (4)
Profitability ratios (annualized):               
Wells Fargo net income to average assets (ROA)0.94% 1.21
 1.17
 (22) (20) 1.10% 1.19
 (8)
Wells Fargo net income applicable to common stock to average Wells Fargo common stockholders' equity (ROE)9.06
 11.95
 11.60
 (24) (22) 10.83
 11.68
 (7)
Return on average tangible common equity (ROTCE) (1)10.79
 14.26
 13.96
 (24) (23) 12.94
 14.08
 (8)
Efficiency ratio (2)65.5
 61.1
 59.4
 7
 10
 63.1
 58.7
 7
Total revenue$21,926
 22,169
 22,328
 (1) (2) $66,097
 66,685
 (1)
Pre-tax pre-provision profit (PTPP) (3)7,575
 8,628
 9,060
 (12) (16) 24,413
 27,523
 (11)
Dividends declared per common share0.390
 0.380
 0.380
 3
 3
 1.150
 1.135
 1
Average common shares outstanding4,948.6
 4,989.9
 5,043.4
 (1) (2) 4,982.1
 5,061.9
 (2)
Diluted average common shares outstanding4,996.8
 5,037.7
 5,094.6
 (1) (2) 5,035.4
 5,118.2
 (2)
Average loans$952,343
 956,879
 957,484
 
 (1) $957,581
 945,197
 1
Average assets1,938,523
 1,927,079
 1,914,586
 1
 1
 1,932,242
 1,865,694
 4
Average total deposits1,306,356
 1,301,195
 1,261,527
 
 4
 1,302,273
 1,239,287
 5
Average consumer and small business banking deposits (4)755,094
 760,149
 739,066
 (1) 2
 758,443
 726,798
 4
Net interest margin2.87% 2.90
 2.82
 (1) 2
 2.88% 2.86
 1
At Period End                  
Investment securities$414,633
 409,594
 390,832
 1
 6
 $414,633
 390,832
 6
Loans951,873
 957,423
 961,326
 (1) (1) 951,873
 961,326
 (1)
Allowance for loan losses11,078
 11,073
 11,583
 
 (4) 11,078
 11,583
 (4)
Goodwill26,581
 26,573
 26,688
 
 
 26,581
 26,688
 
Assets1,934,939
 1,930,871
 1,942,124
 
 
 1,934,939
 1,942,124
 
Deposits1,306,706
 1,305,830
 1,275,894
 
 2
 1,306,706
 1,275,894
 2
Common stockholders' equity182,128
 181,428
 179,916
 
 1
 182,128
 179,916
 1
Wells Fargo stockholders' equity205,929
 205,230
 203,028
 
 1
 205,929
 203,028
 1
Total equity206,824
 206,145
 203,958
 
 1
 206,824
 203,958
 1
Tangible common equity (1)152,901
 152,064
 149,829
 1
 2
 152,901
 149,829
 2
Capital ratios (5)(6):                  
Total equity to assets10.69% 10.68
 10.50
 
 2
 10.69% 10.50
 2
Risk-based capital:        

       

Common Equity Tier 112.10
 11.87
 10.93
 2
 11
 12.10
 10.93
 11
Tier 1 capital13.95
 13.68
 12.60
 2
 11
 13.95
 12.60
 11
Total capital17.21
 16.91
 15.40
 2
 12
 17.21
 15.40
 12
Tier 1 leverage9.27
 9.28
 9.11
 
 2
 9.27
 9.11
 2
Common shares outstanding4,927.9
 4,966.8
 5,023.9
 (1) (2) 4,927.9
 5,023.9
 (2)
Book value per common share (7)$36.96
 36.53
 35.81
 1
 3
 $36.96
 35.81
 3
Tangible book value per common share (1) (7)31.03
 30.62
 29.82
 1
 4
 31.03
 29.82 4
Common stock price:                  
High56.45
 56.60
 51.00
 
 11
 59.99
 53.27
 13
Low49.28
 50.84
 44.10
 (3) 12
 49.28
 44.10
 12
Period end55.15
 55.41
 44.28
 
 25
 55.15
 44.28
 25
Team members (active, full-time equivalent)268,000
 270,600
 268,800
 (1) 
 268,000
 268,800
 
(1)2Tangible common equity is a non-GAAP financial measure and represents total equity less preferred equity, noncontrolling interests, and goodwill and certain identifiable intangible assets (including goodwill and intangible assets associated with certain of our nonmarketable equity investments and held-for-sale assets, but excluding mortgage servicing rights), net of applicable deferred taxes. The methodology of determining tangible common equity may differ among companies. Management believes that return on average tangible common equity and tangible book value per common share, which utilize tangible common equity, are useful financial measures because they enable investors and others to assess the Company's use of equity. For additional information, including a corresponding reconciliation to GAAP financial measures, see the “Capital Management – Tangible Common Equity” section in this Report.
Wells Fargo & Company
(2)The efficiency ratio is noninterest expense divided by total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income).
(3)Pre-tax pre-provision profit (PTPP) is total revenue less noninterest expense. Management believes that PTPP is a useful financial measure because it enables investors and others to assess the Company's ability to generate capital to cover credit losses through a credit cycle.
(4)Consumer and small business banking deposits are total deposits excluding mortgage escrow and wholesale deposits.
(5)The risk-based capital ratios were calculated under the lower of Standardized or Advanced Approach determined pursuant to Basel III with Transition Requirements. Accordingly, the total capital ratio was calculated under the Advanced Approach and the other ratios were calculated under the Standardized Approach, for each of the periods presented.
(6)See the “Capital Management” section and Note 19 (Regulatory and Agency Capital Requirements) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information.
(7)Book value per common share is common stockholders' equity divided by common shares outstanding. Tangible book value per common share is tangible common equity divided by common shares outstanding.

Overview (continued)

This Quarterly Report, including the Financial Review and the Financial Statements and related Notes, contains forward-looking statements, which may include forecasts of our financial results and condition, expectations for our operations and business, and our assumptions for those forecasts and expectations. Do not unduly rely on forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially from our forward-looking statements due to several factors. Factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements are described in this Report, including in the “Forward-Looking Statements” section, and in the “Risk Factors” and “Regulation and Supervision” sections of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 (20162021 (2021 Form 10-K).
 
When we refer to “Wells Fargo,” “the Company,” “we,” “our”“our,” or “us” in this Report, we mean Wells Fargo & Company and Subsidiaries (consolidated). When we refer to the “Parent,” we mean Wells Fargo & Company. See the Glossary of Acronyms for definitions of terms used throughout this Report.
Financial Review

Overview
Overview
Wells Fargo & Company is a diversified, community-basedleading financial services company with $1.93that has approximately $1.9 trillion in assets. Foundedassets, proudly serves one in 1852three U.S. households and headquarteredmore than 10% of small businesses in San Francisco, wethe U.S., and is a leading middle market banking provider in the U.S. We provide a diversified set of banking, insurance, investments,investment and mortgage products and services, as well as consumer and commercial finance, through more than 8,400 locations, 13,000 ATMs, digital (online, mobileour four reportable operating segments: Consumer Banking and social),Lending, Commercial Banking, Corporate and contact centers (phone, emailInvestment Banking, and correspondence),Wealth and we have offices in 42 countries and territories to support customers who conduct business in the global economy. With approximately 268,000 active, full-time equivalent team members, we serve one in three households in the United States andInvestment Management. Wells Fargo ranked No. 2537 on Fortune’s 20172021 rankings of America’s largest corporations. We ranked thirdfourth in assets and secondthird in the market value of our common stock among all U.S. banks at September 30, 2017.March 31, 2022. 
We use our Vision and Values to guide us toward growth and success. Our vision is to satisfy our customers’ financial needs, help them succeed financially, be recognized as the premier financial services company in our markets, and be one of America’s great companies. We aspire to create deep and enduring relationships with our customers by providing them with an exceptional experience and by understanding their needs and delivering the most relevant products, services, advice, and guidance.
We have five primary values, which are based on our vision and provide the foundation for everything we do. First, we value and support our people as a competitive advantage and strive to attract, develop, retain, and motivate the most talented people we can find. Second, we strive for the highest ethical standards with our team members, our customers, our communities, and our shareholders. Third, with respect to our customers, we strive to base our decisions and actions on what is right for them in everything we do. Fourth, for team members we strive to build and sustain a diverse and inclusive culture – one where they feel valued and respected for who they are as well as for the skills and experiences they bring to our company. Fifth, we also look to each of our team members to be leaders in establishing, sharing, and communicating our vision. In addition to our five primary values, one of our key day-to-day priorities is to make risk management a competitive advantage by working hard to ensure that appropriate controls are in place to reduce risks to our customers, maintain and increase our competitive market position, and protect Wells Fargo’s long-term safety, soundness,top priority remains building a risk and reputation.
In keeping with our primary valuescontrol infrastructure appropriate for its size and complexity. The Company is subject to a number of consent orders and other regulatory actions, which may require the Company, among other things, to undertake certain changes to its business, operations, products and services, and risk management priorities,practices. Addressing these regulatory actions is expected to take multiple years, and we announced six long-term goals forare likely to experience issues or delays along the way in satisfying their requirements. Issues or delays with one regulatory action could affect our progress on others, and failure to satisfy the requirements of a regulatory action on a timely basis could result in additional penalties, enforcement actions, and other negative consequences, which could be significant. While we still have significant work to do, the Company is committed to devoting the resources necessary to operate with strong business practices and controls, maintain the highest level of integrity, and have an appropriate culture in March 2017, which entail becomingplace.

Federal Reserve Board Consent Order Regarding Governance Oversight and Compliance and Operational Risk Management
On February 2, 2018, the leader inCompany entered into a consent order with the following areas:
Customer service and advice – provide best-in-class service and guidance to our customers to help them reach their financial goals.
Team member engagement – be a company where people matter, teamwork is rewarded, everyone feels respected and empowered to speak up, diversity and inclusion are embraced, and “how” our work gets done is just as important as gettingBoard of Governors of the work done.
Innovation – create new kinds of lasting value for our customers and businessesFederal Reserve System (FRB). As required by using innovative technologies and moving quickly to bring about change.
Risk management – desire to set the global standard in managing all forms of risk.
Corporate citizenship – make better every community in which we live and do business.
Shareholder value – earnconsent order, the confidence of shareholders by maximizing long-term value.

Over the past year, ourCompany’s Board of Directors (Board) has takensubmitted to the FRB a series of actionsplan to further enhance Boardthe Board’s governance and oversight and governance. The actions the Board has taken to date, many of which reflect the feedback we received from our shareholders and other stakeholders, include separating the roles of Chairman of the BoardCompany, and Chief Executive Officer, amending Wells Fargo’s By-Lawsthe Company submitted to require that the Chairman be an independent director, adding two new independent directors in February 2017, and amending Board committee chartersFRB a plan to enhance oversight of conduct risk. In August 2017, the Board announced additional Board composition and governance changes that reflected a thoughtful and deliberate process by the Board that was informed byfurther improve the Company’s engagementcompliance and operational risk management program. The Company continues to engage with shareholders and other stakeholders, as wellthe FRB as the Board’s annual self-evaluation that was conductedCompany works to address the consent order provisions. The consent order also requires the Company, following the FRB’s acceptance and approval of the plans and the Company’s adoption and implementation of the plans, to complete an initial third-party review of the enhancements and improvements provided for in advance of its typical year-end timing the plans. Until this third-party review is complete
and facilitated by a third party. The Board’s compositionthe plans are approved and governance actions taken in third quarter 2017 included the following:
Elizabeth A. “Betsy” Duke was elected to serve as our new independent Board chair, effective January 1, 2018;
Juan A. Pujadas, a retired principal of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, was electedimplemented to the Boardsatisfaction of the FRB, the Company’s total consolidated assets as a new independent director, effective September 1, 2017;
Changesdefined under the consent order will be limited to the leadership and compositionlevel as of key Board committees were made, including appointing new chairsDecember 31, 2017. Compliance with this asset cap is measured on a two-quarter daily average basis to allow for management of temporary fluctuations. After removal of the Board’s Risk Committeeasset cap, a second third-party review must also be conducted to assess the efficacy and Governancesustainability of the enhancements and Nominating Committee, effective September 1, 2017; andimprovements.
To help facilitate Board refreshment and provide for an appropriate transition of committee membership, three long-serving directors, Cynthia H. Milligan, Stephen W. Sanger and Susan G. Swenson, will retire from the Board at year-end 2017.

In addition, the Board announced that it expects to name up to three additional independent directors before the 2018 annual shareholders' meeting. As has been our practice, we will continue

our engagement efforts with our shareholders and other stakeholders.

Sales Practices Matters
As we have previously reported, on September 8, 2016, we announced settlementsConsent Orders with the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau and Office of the Comptroller of the Currency Regarding Compliance Risk Management Program, Automobile Collateral Protection Insurance Policies, and Mortgage Interest Rate Lock Extensions
On April 20, 2018, the Company entered into consent orders with the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), and the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), to pay an aggregate of $1 billion in civil money penalties to resolve matters regarding the Company’s compliance risk management program and past practices involving certain automobile collateral protection insurance (CPI) policies and certain mortgage interest rate lock extensions. As required by the consent orders, the Company submitted to the CFPB and OCC an enterprise-wide compliance risk management plan and a plan to enhance the Company’s internal audit program with respect to federal consumer financial law and the terms of the consent orders. In addition, as required by the consent orders, the Company submitted for non-objection plans to remediate customers affected by the automobile collateral protection insurance and mortgage interest rate lock matters, as well as a plan for the management of remediation activities conducted by the Company. The Company continues to work to address the provisions of the consent orders. The Company has not yet satisfied certain aspects of the consent orders, and as a result, we believe regulators may impose additional penalties or take other enforcement actions. On September 9, 2021, the OCC assessed a $250 million civil money penalty against the Company related to insufficient progress in addressing requirements under the OCC’s April 2018 consent order and loss mitigation activities in the Company’s Home Lending business.

Consent Order with the OCC Regarding Loss Mitigation Activities
On September 9, 2021, the Company entered into a consent order with the OCC requiring the Company to improve the execution, risk management, and oversight of loss mitigation activities in its Home Lending business. In addition, the consent order restricts the Company from acquiring certain third-party
Wells Fargo & Company3


Overview (continued)
residential mortgage servicing and limits transfers of certain mortgage loans requiring customer remediation out of the Company’s mortgage servicing portfolio until remediation is provided.

Retail Sales Practices Matters and Other Customer Remediation Activities
In September 2016, we announced settlements with the CFPB, the OCC, and the Office of the Los Angeles City Attorney, and entered into related consent orders with the CFPB and the OCC, in connection with allegations that some of our retail customers received products and services they did not request. As a result, it remains our topa priority to rebuild trust through a comprehensive action plan that includes making things right for our customers, team members,employees, and other stakeholders, and to buildbuilding a better Company for the future.
The job of rebuilding trust in Wells Fargo is a long-term effort – one requiring our commitment and perseverance. As we move forward, Wells Fargo has a specific action plan in place focused on reaching out to stakeholders who may have been affected by improper retail banking sales practices, including our communities, our customers, our regulators, our team members, and our investors.
Our priority of rebuilding trust has included On September 8, 2021, the following additional actions, which have been focused on identifying potential financial harm and customer remediation:

Identifying Potential Financial Harm
In the fall of 2016, the Board and management undertook an enterprise-wide review of sales practices issues. This review is ongoing.
A third-party consulting firm performed an initial review of accounts opened from May 2011 to mid-2015 to identify financial harm stemming from potentially unauthorized accounts. The phrase “potentially unauthorized” does not mean that we are certain that the accounts are unauthorized, but rather describes the accounts that the third party analysis identified as showing patterns that could indicate a lack of authorization. Since the analysis was intentionally inclusive and erred on the side of the customer, the number of potentially unauthorized accounts likely includes a population of accounts that were in fact authorized by our customers. The initial account analysis reviewed 93.5 million current and former customer accounts and identified approximately 2.1 million potentially unauthorized accounts.
We expanded the time periods of this review to cover the entireCFPB consent order period of January 2011 through September 2016, and to perform a voluntary review of accounts from 2009 to 2010. The expanded analysis reviewed more than 165 million retail banking accounts opened over the nearly eight-year period and identified a new total of approximately 3.5 million potentially unauthorized consumer and small business accounts. The 3.5 million potentially unauthorized accounts total is composed of the following:
The original time period, which was re-examined following refinements to the practices and methodologies previously used by the third party to determine potentially unauthorized accounts: 2.55 million accounts identified as potentially unauthorized; and
The additional periods back to January 2009 and forward to September 2016: 981,000 accounts identified as potentially unauthorized.
In connection with these 3.5 million potentially unauthorized accounts, approximately 190,000 accounts incurred fees and charges, up from 130,000 previously identified accounts that incurred fees and charges.
In addition, the expanded analysis included a review of online bill pay services, as required by the consent orders. During the almost eight-year review period, the analysis identified approximately 528,000 potentially unauthorized online bill pay enrollments.
For all periods of the expanded analysis (other than some periods in 2009 and 2010 for which we do not have sufficient information), the maximum impact of the 3.5 million potentially unauthorized accounts and 528,000 potentially unauthorized online bill pay enrollments on the originally reported Community Banking cross-sell metric was, in any one quarter, 0.03 products per household (or 0.5% of the originally reported metric). Due to our historical processes, which removed from the calculation of the cross-sell metric certain accounts and other products that were inactive over various time frames, not all of these potentially unauthorized accounts affected the cross-sell metric at any one time.

Customer Remediation
We refunded $3.3 million to customers under the stipulated judgment with the Los Angeles City Attorney and under the CFPB and OCC consent orders, covering the period from May 2011 to mid-2015. In connection with the expanded account analysis, we will now provide a total of $2.9 million in additional refunds and credits on top of the $3.3 million previously refunded as a result of the initial account review. In addition, we will refund $910,000 to customers who incurred fees or charges as a result of potentially unauthorized online bill pay enrollments.
As of September 30, 2017, we had paid $5.45 million in additional payments to customers nationwide through our ongoing complaints process and free mediation services that were put in place in connection with the sales practices matters.
Customers also may receive compensation under the $142 million class-action settlement concerning improperregarding retail sales practices for claims dating back to 2002. After plaintiffs’ attorneys’ fees and costs of administration, the class-action settlement will provide reimbursement of fees not already paid and compensation for increased borrowing costs due to credit-score impact associated with a potentially unauthorized account. Remaining funds will be distributed to the participants in the class on a per account basis.
We are working to complete the requirements of our consent orders, which include the development of an action plan that addresses the findings of the independent review. The independent consultant's report, which is regulatory supervisory information that cannot be publicly disclosed, was received in August 2017.

For additional information regarding sales practices matters, including related legal matters, see the “Risk Factors” section in our 2016 Form 10-K and Note 11 (Legal Actions) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Additional Efforts to Rebuild Trustexpired.
Our priority of rebuilding trust has also included an effort to identify other areas or instances where customers may have experienced financial harm.harm, provide remediation as appropriate, and implement additional operational and control procedures. We are working with our regulatory agencies in this effort. AsWe have previously disclosed key areas of focus as part of this effort,our rebuilding trust efforts and are in the process of providing remediation for those matters. We have accrued for the probable and estimable remediation costs related to our rebuilding trust efforts, which amounts may change based on additional facts and information, as well as ongoing reviews and communications with our regulators. As our ongoing reviews continue and as we continue to strengthen our risk and control infrastructure, we have identified and may in the future identify additional items or areas of potential concern. To the extent issues are focused on the following key areas:
identified, we will continue to assess any customer harm and provide remediation as appropriate.
Overview (continued)

Practices concerning the origination, servicing, and/or collection of consumer automobile loans,For additional information regarding retail sales practices matters and other customer remediation activities, including related insurance products. For example:
In July 2017, the Company announced a plan to remediate customers who may have been financially harmed due to issues related to automobile collateral protection insurance (CPI) policies purchased through a third-party vendor on their behalf. Commencing in August 2017, the Company began sending letters and refund checks to affected customers for policies placed between January 1, 2012, and September 30, 2016. The practice of placing CPI was discontinued by the Company on September 30, 2016. The time period in which customers may be eligible to claim or otherwise receive remediation compensation for certain CPI placements has now been extended back to October 15, 2005. The Company currently estimates that it will provide approximately $100 million in cash remediation and $30 million in account adjustments under the plan. The amount of remediation may be affected as the Company continues to work with its regulators on the remediation plan.
The Company has identified certain issues related to the unused portion of guaranteed automobile protection waiver or insurance agreements between the dealer and, by assignment, the lender, which may result in refunds to customers in certain states.
In October 2017, the Company announced plans to reach out to all home lending customers who paid fees for mortgage rate lock extensions requested from September 16, 2013, through February 28, 2017,legal and to refund customers who believe they should not have paid those fees. The plan to issue refunds follows an internal review that determined that a rate lock extension policy implemented in September 2013 was, at times, not consistently applied, resulting in some borrowers being charged fees in cases where the Company was primarily responsible for the delays that made the extensions necessary. Effective March 1, 2017, the Company changed how it manages the mortgage rate lock extension process to ensure more consistency by establishing a centralized review team that reviews all rate lock extension requests for consistent application of policy. A total of approximately $98 million in rate lock extension fees were assessed to about 110,000 borrowers during the period in question, although the Company believes a substantial number of those fees were appropriately charged under its policy. The amount ultimately refunded likely will be lower, as not all of the fees assessed were actually paid and some fees already have been refunded.
Practices related to certain consumer “add-on” products (e.g., identity theft and debt protection), including those products that are subject to an OCC consent order entered into in June 2015. Based on our ongoing review of "add-on" products, we expect remediation will be required.
Procedures regarding the freezing (and, in many cases, closing) of consumer deposit accounts after the Company detected suspected fraudulent activity (by third-parties or account holders) that affected those accounts.

For more information,regulatory risk, see the “Risk Factors” section in our 20162021 Form 10-K and Note 1113 (Legal Actions) to Financial Statements in this Report.
       This effort
Recent Developments
LIBOR Transition
The London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) is a widely referenced benchmark rate that seeks to estimate the cost at which banks can borrow on an unsecured basis from other banks. On March 5, 2021, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority and ICE Benchmark Administration, the administrator of LIBOR, announced that certain settings of LIBOR would no longer be published on a representative basis after December 31, 2021, and the most commonly used U.S. dollar (USD) LIBOR settings would no longer be published on a representative basis after June 30, 2023. Central banks in various jurisdictions convened committees to identify similar instancesreplacement rates to facilitate the transition away from LIBOR. The committee convened by the Federal Reserve in which customers maythe United States, the Alternative Reference Rates Committee (ARRC), recommended the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) as the replacement rate for USD LIBOR. Additionally, the Federal Reserve, the OCC and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) have experienced harm is ongoing,issued guidance strongly encouraging banking organizations to cease using USD LIBOR as a reference rate in new contracts.

In preparation for the cessation of the various LIBOR settings, we have undertaken a variety of activities. Among other things, we proactively implemented internal “stop-sell” dates to discontinue offering products referencing LIBOR except pursuant to limited exceptions consistent with regulatory guidance. At the same time, we expanded our suite of product offerings that are indexed to alternative reference rates.
We also continue to transition our legacy LIBOR contracts to alternative reference rates. We transitioned substantially all of our legacy contracts with LIBOR settings impacted by the December 31, 2021, cessation date to alternative reference rates, and it is possiblewe will continue to address contracts with LIBOR settings that we may identifyare impacted by the June 30, 2023, cessation date.
In first quarter 2022, the Adjustable Interest Rate Act (the LIBOR Act) was enacted to provide a statutory framework to replace LIBOR with a benchmark rate based on SOFR in contracts that do not have fallback provisions or that have fallback provisions resulting in a replacement rate based on LIBOR. We expect that the LIBOR Act will allow for the transition of certain of our commercial credit facilities and other areascontracts that do not have appropriate fallback provisions to replace LIBOR.
For additional information on the amounts of certain of our LIBOR-linked contracts, as well as our transition plans for these contracts, see the “Overview – Recent Developments – LIBOR Transition” section in our 2021 Form 10-K. For information regarding the risks and potential concern.impact of LIBOR or any other referenced financial metric being significantly changed, replaced or discontinued, see the “Risk Factors” section in our 2021 Form 10-K.

4Wells Fargo & Company


Financial Performance
Consolidated Financial Highlights
Quarter ended Mar 31,
($ in millions)20222021$ Change% Change
Selected income statement data
Net interest income$9,221 8,808 413 %
Noninterest income8,371 9,724 (1,353)(14)
Total revenue17,592 18,532 (940)(5)
Net charge-offs305 523 (218)(42)
Change in the allowance for credit losses(1,092)(1,571)479 30 
Provision for credit losses(787)(1,048)261 25 
Noninterest expense13,870 13,989 (119)(1)
Income tax expense707 901 (194)(22)
Wells Fargo net income3,671 4,636 (965)(21)
Wells Fargo net income applicable to common stock3,393 4,256 (863)(20)
Wells Fargo
In first quarter 2022, we generated $3.7 billion of net income was $4.6 billion in third quarter 2017 withand diluted earnings per common share (EPS) of $0.84,$0.88, compared with $5.6$4.6 billion of net income and $1.03, respectively,EPS of $1.02 in the same period a year ago. ThirdFinancial performance for first quarter 2017 results included2022, compared with the impact of a $1.0 billion, or ($0.20) per share, discrete litigation accrual, which was not tax-deductible, for previously disclosed, pre-financial crisis mortgage-related regulatory investigations.

Other financial results in third quarter 2017 included:
revenue was $21.9 billion, down $402 million compared withsame period a year ago, withincluded the following:
total revenue decreased due to lower mortgage banking income, other income, and investment advisory and other asset-based fee income, partially offset by higher net interest income up 4% from a year ago;
income;
provision for credit losses reflected lower net charge-offs, reduced uncertainty around the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our loan portfolios, and increased uncertainty related to the risks of high inflation;
noninterest expense decreased due to lower personnel expense, professional and outside services expense, and other expense, partially offset by higher operating losses;
average loans were $952.3 billion, down $5.1 billion, or 1%, fromincreased due to growth in commercial, credit card and auto loans, partially offset by a year ago;decrease in residential mortgage loans as paydowns exceeded originations; and
totalaverage deposits were $1.3 trillion, up $30.8 billion, or 2%, from a year ago;
increased driven by growth in the Consumer Banking and Lending, Commercial Banking, and Wealth and Investment Management (WIM) total client assets reached a record high of $1.9 trillion;
our credit results improved with a net charge-off rate of 0.30% (annualized) of average loans in third quarter 2017, compared with 0.33% a year ago; and
we returned $4.0 billionoperating segments due to shareholders through common stock dividends and net share repurchases, which was the ninth consecutive quarter of returning more than $3 billion.

Balance Sheet and Liquidity
Our balance sheet remained strong during third quarter 2017 with highhigher levels of liquidity and capital.savings for consumer and commercial customers, partially offset by actions taken to manage under the asset cap which reduced deposits in the Corporate and Investment Banking operating segment and Corporate.

Capital and Liquidity
We maintained a strong capital position in first quarter 2022, with total equity of $181.7 billion at March 31, 2022, compared with $190.1 billion at December 31, 2021. Our liquidity and regulatory capital ratios remained strong at March 31, 2022, including:
our Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) ratio was 10.45% under the Standardized Approach (our binding ratio), which continued to exceed the regulatory requirement of 9.10%;
our total loss absorbing capacity (TLAC) as a percentage of total risk-weighted assets were $1.93 trillionwas 22.31%, compared with the regulatory requirement of 21.50%; and
our liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) was 119%, which continued to exceed the regulatory minimum of 100%.
See the “Capital Management” and the “Risk Management – Asset/Liability Management – Liquidity Risk and Funding” sections in this Report for additional information regarding our capital and liquidity, including the calculation of our regulatory capital and liquidity amounts.

Credit Quality
Credit quality reflected the following:
The allowance for credit losses (ACL) for loans of $12.7 billion at September 30, 2017. Cash and other short-term investments increased $5.5March 31, 2022, decreased $1.1 billion from December 31, 2016, reflecting lower loan balances and growth2021.
Our provision for credit losses for loans was $(775) million in deposits. Investment securities reachedfirst quarter 2022, up from $(1.1) billion in the same period a record $414.6 billion, with approximately $31 billion of gross purchases during third quarter 2017, partially offset by runoffyear ago. The ACL for loans and the saleprovision for credit losses reflected lower net charge-offs, reduced uncertainty around the economic impact of approximately $13 billionthe COVID-19 pandemic on our loan portfolios, and increased uncertainty related to the risks of lower-yielding short-duration securities. Loans were down $15.7 billion, or 2%, fromhigh inflation.
The allowance coverage for total loans was 1.39% at March 31, 2022, compared with 1.54% at December 31, 2016, largely due to a decline in junior lien mortgage and automobile loans.2021.
Average deposits in third quarter 2017 reached a record $1.31 trillion, up $44.8 billion, or 4%, from third quarter 2016. Our average deposit cost in third quarter 2017 was 26 basis points, up 15 basis points from a year ago, primarily driven by an increase in commercial and WIM deposit rates.

Credit Quality
Solid overall credit results continued in third quarter 2017 as losses remained low and we continued to originate high quality loans, reflecting our long-term risk focus. NetCommercial portfolio net loan charge-offs were $717$(29) million, or 0.30% (annualized) of average loans, in third quarter 2017, compared with $805 million a year ago (0.33%). The decrease in net charge-offs in third quarter 2017, compared with a year ago, was driven by lower losses in the commercial and industrial loan portfolio, including in the oil and gas portfolio. Our total oil and gas loan exposure, which includes unfunded commitments and loans outstanding, was down 8% from a year ago.
Our commercial portfolio net charge-offs were $113 million, or 9(2) basis points of average commercial loans, in thirdfirst quarter 2017,2022, compared with net loan charge-offs of $215$149 million, or 1713 basis points, in the same period a year ago. Net consumer creditago, due to lower losses increased to 53in our commercial and industrial portfolio driven by higher recoveries in the oil, gas and pipeline industry, and lower losses in our real estate mortgage portfolio.
Consumer portfolio net loan charge-offs were $334 million, or 35 basis points (annualized) of average consumer loans, in thirdfirst quarter 2017 from 512022, compared with net loan charge-offs of $364 million, or 37 basis points, (annualized) in third quarter 2016. Our commercial real estate portfolios were in a net recovery position for the 19th consecutive quarter, reflecting our conservative risk discipline and improved market conditions. Net

losses on our consumer real estate portfolios improved by $84 million, or 122%, to a net recovery of $15 million fromsame period a year ago, reflecting the benefitdriven by lower losses in our credit card and other consumer portfolios, partially offset by higher losses in our auto loan portfolio.
Nonperforming assets (NPAs) of the continued improvement in the housing market and our continued focus on originating high quality loans. Approximately 77% of the consumer first mortgage portfolio outstanding$7.0 billion at September 30, 2017, was originated after 2008, when more stringent underwriting standards were implemented.
The allowance for credit losses as of September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, decreased $585$323 million, compared with a year ago and decreased $431 millionor 4%, from December 31, 2016. The allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2017 included $450 million for coverage of2021, driven by decreases in all commercial nonaccrual loan portfolios, partially offset by increases in our preliminary estimate of potential hurricane-related lossesresidential mortgage nonaccrual loans primarily resulting from Hurricanes Harvey, Irma and Maria. The allowance coverage for total loans was 1.27% at September 30, 2017, compared with 1.32% a year ago and 1.30% at December 31, 2016. The allowance covered 4.3 times annualized third quarter net charge-offs, compared with 4.0 times a year ago. Future allowance levels will be based on a variety of factors, including loan growth, portfolio performance and general economic conditions. Our provision for loan losses was $717 million in third quarter 2017, down from $805 million a year ago, primarily reflecting improvement in the oil and gas portfolio.
Nonperforming assets decreased $512 million, or 5%, from June 30, 2017, the sixth consecutive quarter of decreases, with improvement across our consumer and commercial portfolios and lower foreclosed assets. Nonperforming assets were only 0.98%certain customers exiting COVID-19 accommodation programs. NPAs represented 0.77% of total loans the lowest level since the merger with Wachovia in 2008. Nonaccrual loans decreased $437 million from the prior quarter primarily due to a $276 million decrease in commercial nonaccruals. In addition, foreclosed assets were down $75 million from the prior quarter.at March 31, 2022.
Capital
Our financial performance in third quarter 2017 resulted in strong capital generation, which increased total equity to a record $206.8 billion at September 30, 2017, up $6.3 billion from December 31, 2016. Third quarter 2017 was the first quarter our 2017 Capital Plan was effective and we returned $4.0 billion to shareholders in third quarter 2017 through common stock dividends and net share repurchases, an increase of 24% from a year ago. Our net payout ratio (which is the ratio of (i) common stock dividends and share repurchases less issuances and stock compensation-related items, divided by (ii) net income applicable to common stock) was 95%, up from 63% in the prior quarter. We continued to reduce our common shares outstanding through the repurchase of 49.0 million common shares in the quarter. We also entered into a $1 billion forward repurchase contract with an unrelated third party in October 2017 that is expected to settle in first quarter 2018 for approximately 19 million shares. We expect to reduce our common shares outstanding through share repurchases throughout the remainder of 2017.
We believe an important measure of our capital strength is the Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) ratio under Basel III, fully phased-in, which was 11.82% at September 30, 2017, well above our internal target level of 10%. The growth in our CET1 ratio reflected lower risk-weighted assets (RWA), driven by lower loan balances and commitments, as well as improved RWA efficiency. Likewise, our other regulatory capital ratios remained strong. See the “Capital Management” section in this Report for more information regarding our capital, including the calculation of our regulatory capital amounts.
Wells Fargo & Company5


Earnings Performance
Wells Fargo net income for thirdfirst quarter 20172022 was $3.7 billion ($0.88 diluted EPS), compared with $4.6 billion ($0.841.02 diluted earnings per common share), compared with $5.6 billion ($1.03 diluted per share) for third quarter 2016. Net income for the first nine months of 2017 was $15.9 billion ($2.91), compared with $16.7 billion ($3.03) forEPS) in the same period a year ago. Our financial performanceNet income decreased in the first nine months of 2017,quarter 2022, compared with the same period a year ago, benefited from a $1.9 billion increase in net interest income and a $1.1 billion decrease in our provision for credit losses, offset by a $2.5 billion decrease in noninterest income and a $2.5 billion increase in noninterest expense. In the first nine months of 2017, net interest income represented 56% of revenue, compared with 53% for the same period in 2016. Noninterest income was $28.8 billion in the first nine months of 2017, representing 44% of revenue, compared with $31.3 billion (47%) in the first nine months of 2016.
Revenue, the sum of net interest income and noninterest income, was $21.9 billion in third quarter 2017, compared with $22.3 billion in third quarter 2016. Revenue for the first nine months of 2017 was $66.1 billion, compared with $66.7 billion for the first nine months of 2016. The decrease in revenue for the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods in 2016, waspredominantly due to a decline$1.4 billion decrease in noninterest income, partially offset by ana $413 million increase in net interest income from loans and investment securities.income.


Earnings Performance (continued)




Net Interest Income
Net interest income is the interest earned on debt securities, loans (including yield-related loan fees) and other interest-earning assets minus the interest paid on deposits, short-term borrowings and long-term debt. The net interest margin is the average yield on earning assets minus the average interest rate paid for deposits and our other sources of funding. Net interest income and net interest margin increased in first quarter 2022, compared with the same period a year ago, due to lower mortgage-backed securities premium amortization, lower costs and balances of long-term debt, and higher loan balances, partially offset by lower interest income from loans purchased from securitization pools and Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans. Interest income from PPP loans was $49 million in first quarter 2022, compared with $102 million in the same period a year ago. Additionally, interest income associated with loans we purchased from Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) loan securitization pools was $221 million in first quarter 2022, compared with $263 million in the same period a year ago. For additional information about loans purchased from GNMA loan securitization pools, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Mortgage Banking Activities” section in this Report.
Table 1 presents the individual components of net interest income and the net interest margin. Net interest income and net interest margin are presented on a taxable-equivalent basis in Table 1 to consistently reflect income from taxable and tax-exempt loans and debt and equity securities based on a 35%21% federal statutory tax rate.rate for the periods ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.
While the Company believes that it has the ability to increaseFor additional information about net interest income over time, net interest income and the net interest margin in any one period can be significantly affected by a variety of factors including the mix and overall size of our earning assets portfolio and the cost of funding those assets. In addition, some variable sources of interest income, such as resolutions from purchased credit-impaired (PCI) loans, loan fees and collection of interest on nonaccrual loans, can vary from period to period. Net interest income and net interest margin, growth has been challenged duringsee the prolonged low interest rate environment as higher yielding loans and securities have run off and been replaced with lower yielding assets.
“Earnings Performance – Net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis was $12.8 billion and $38.2 billionInterest Income” section in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $12.3 billion and $36.3 billion for the same periods a year ago. The net interest margin was 2.87% and 2.88% for the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, up from 2.82% and 2.86% for the same periods a year ago. The increase in net interest income in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017 from the same periods a year ago resulted from an increase in interest income, partially offset by an increase in interest expense on funding sources. The increase in interest income was driven by balance growth in earning assets and the benefit of higher interest rates. Interest expense on funding sources increased in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods a year ago, with a significant portion due to growth and repricing of long-term debt. Deposit interest expense was also higher, primarily due to an increase in wholesale pricing resulting from higher interest rates.our 2021 Form 10-K.
The increase in net interest margin in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods a year ago, was predominantly due to repricing benefits of earning assets from higher interest rates exceeding the repricing costs of deposits and market based funding sources.
Average earning assets increased $42.3 billion and $81.9 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with the same periods a year ago. Average loans decreased $5.1 billion in the third quarter and increased $12.4 billion in the first nine months of 2017, average investment securities increased $48.6 billion in third quarter 2017 and $61.9 billion in the first nine months of 2017, and average trading assets increased $14.8 billion in the third quarter and $14.9 billion in the first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods a year ago. In addition, average federal funds sold and other short-term investments decreased $23.2 billion and $12.2 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with the same periods a year ago.
Deposits are an important low-cost source of funding and affect both net interest income and the net interest margin. Deposits include noninterest-bearing deposits, interest-bearing checking, market rate and other savings, savings certificates, other time deposits, and deposits in foreign offices. Average deposits of $1.31 trillion and $1.30 trillion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, increased compared with $1.26 trillion and $1.24 trillion for the same periods a year ago, and represented 137% of average loans in third quarter 2017 (136% in the first nine months of 2017), compared with 132% in third quarter 2016 (131% in the first nine months of 2016). Average deposits were 74% and 73% of average earning assets in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with 73% in both the third quarter and first nine months of 2016.

6Wells Fargo & Company


Table 1:Average Balances, Yields and Rates Paid (Taxable-Equivalent Basis) (1)
Quarter ended March 31,
20222021
(in millions) Average 
balance 
Interest 
income/
expense 
Interest ratesAverage 
balance 
Interest 
income/ 
expense 
Interest rates
Assets
Interest-earning deposits with banks$179,051 96 0.22 %$223,437 57 0.10 %
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements64,845 (9)(0.05)72,148 0.04 
Debt securities:
Trading debt securities90,677 553 2.44 87,383 534 2.45 
Available-for-sale debt securities169,048 723 1.72 206,946 841 1.63 
Held-to-maturity debt securities279,245 1,379 1.98 216,826 1,027 1.90 
Total debt securities538,970 2,655 1.97 511,155 2,402 1.89 
Loans held for sale (2)19,513 140 2.86 34,554 331 3.85 
Loans:
Commercial loans:
Commercial and industrial – U.S.276,070 1,700 2.50 252,892 1,596 2.56 
Commercial and industrial – Non-U.S.77,759 403 2.10 65,419 338 2.10 
Real estate mortgage127,464 833 2.65 120,734 812 2.73 
Real estate construction20,259 165 3.31 21,755 166 3.10 
Lease financing14,586 155 4.24 15,799 184 4.62 
Total commercial loans516,138 3,256 2.56 476,599 3,096 2.63 
Consumer loans:
Residential mortgage – first lien242,883 1,907 3.14 266,251 2,068 3.11 
Residential mortgage – junior lien16,017 165 4.17 22,321 228 4.13 
Credit card38,164 1,065 11.32 35,205 1,033 11.90 
Auto56,701 584 4.17 48,680 560 4.66 
Other consumer28,102 256 3.69 24,383 233 3.87 
Total consumer loans381,867 3,977 4.20 396,840 4,122 4.18 
Total loans (2)898,005 7,233 3.25 873,439 7,218 3.34 
Equity securities33,282 170 2.05 29,434 137 1.87 
Other11,498 3 0.12 9,498 0.03 
Total interest-earning assets$1,745,164 10,288 2.38 %$1,753,665 10,153 2.33 %
Cash and due from banks24,976  24,598  
Goodwill25,180  26,383  
Other124,072  129,779  
Total noninterest-earning assets$174,228  180,760  
Total assets$1,919,392 10,288 1,934,425 10,153 
Liabilities
Deposits:
Demand deposits$455,350 38 0.03 %$444,764 33 0.03 %
Savings deposits440,680 24 0.02 411,596 32 0.03 
Time deposits27,849 19 0.28 44,025 47 0.43 
Deposits in non-U.S. offices21,456 2 0.03 30,731 — 0.01 
Total interest-bearing deposits945,335 83 0.04 931,116 112 0.05 
Short-term borrowings:
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase20,431 (3)(0.05)47,357 — 
Other short-term borrowings12,327 (11)(0.36)11,725 (11)(0.37)
Total short-term borrowings32,758 (14)(0.17)59,082 (9)(0.06)
Long-term debt153,803 761 1.98 198,340 1,026 2.07 
Other liabilities31,092 130 1.68 28,875 109 1.50 
Total interest-bearing liabilities$1,162,988 960 0.33 %$1,217,413 1,238 0.41 %
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits518,737  462,356 — 
Other noninterest-bearing liabilities51,330  65,582 — 
Total noninterest-bearing liabilities$570,067  527,938 — 
Total liabilities$1,733,055 960 1,745,351 1,238 
Total equity186,337  189,074 — 
Total liabilities and equity$1,919,392 960 1,934,425 1,238 
Interest rate spread on a taxable-equivalent basis (3)2.05 %1.92 %
Net interest margin and net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis (3)
$9,328 2.16 %$8,915 2.05 %
(1)The average balance amounts represent amortized costs. The interest rates are based on interest income or expense amounts for the period and are annualized. Interest rates and amounts include the effects of hedge and risk management activities associated with the respective asset and liability categories.
(2)Nonaccrual loans and any related income are included in their respective loan categories.
(3)Includes taxable-equivalent adjustments of $107 million for both quarters ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, predominantly related to tax-exempt income on certain loans and securities.

  Quarter ended September 30, 
     2017
     2016
(in millions)
Average
balance

 
Yields/
rates

 
Interest
income/
expense

 
Average
balance

 
Yields/
rates

 
Interest
income/
expense

Earning assets           
Federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments$276,129
 1.20% $832
 299,351
 0.50% $373
Trading assets103,589
 2.96
 767
 88,838
 2.72
 605
Investment securities (3):            
Available-for-sale securities:           
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies14,529
 1.31
 48
 25,817
 1.52
 99
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions52,500
 4.16
 546
 55,170
 4.28
 590
Mortgage-backed securities:           
Federal agencies139,781
 2.58
 903
 105,780
 2.39
 631
Residential and commercial11,013
 5.43
 149
 18,080
 5.54
 250
Total mortgage-backed securities150,794
 2.79
 1,052
 123,860
 2.85
 881
Other debt and equity securities48,082
 3.75
 453
 54,176
 3.37
 459
Total available-for-sale securities265,905
 3.15
 2,099
 259,023
 3.13
 2,029
Held-to-maturity securities:           
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies44,708
 2.18
 246
 44,678
 2.19
 246
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions6,266
 5.44
 85
 2,507
 5.24
 33
Federal agency and other mortgage-backed securities88,272
 2.26
 498
 47,971
 1.97
 236
Other debt securities1,488
 3.05
 12
 3,909
 1.98
 19
Total held-to-maturity securities140,734
 2.38
 841
 99,065
 2.15
 534
Total investment securities406,639
 2.89
 2,940
 358,088
 2.86
 2,563
Mortgages held for sale (4)22,923
 3.82
 219
 24,060
 3.44
 207
Loans held for sale (4)152
 13.35
 5
 199
 3.04
 2
Loans:           
Commercial:           
Commercial and industrial – U.S.270,091
 3.81
 2,590
 271,226
 3.48
 2,369
Commercial and industrial – Non U.S.57,738
 2.90
 421
 51,261
 2.40
 309
Real estate mortgage129,087
 3.83
 1,245
 128,809
 3.48
 1,127
Real estate construction24,981
 4.18
 263
 23,212
 3.50
 205
Lease financing19,155
 4.59
 220
 18,896
 4.70
 223
Total commercial501,052
 3.76
 4,739
 493,404
 3.42
 4,233
Consumer:           
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage278,371
 4.03
 2,809
 278,509
 3.97
 2,764
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage41,916
 4.95
 521
 48,927
 4.37
 537
Credit card35,657
 12.41
 1,114
 34,578
 11.60
 1,008
Automobile56,746
 5.34
 764
 62,461
 5.60
 880
Other revolving credit and installment38,601
 6.31
 615
 39,605
 5.92
 590
Total consumer451,291
 5.14
 5,823
 464,080
 4.97
 5,779
Total loans (4)952,343
 4.41
 10,562
 957,484
 4.17
 10,012
Other15,007
 1.69
 65
 6,488
 2.30
 36
Total earning assets$1,776,782
 3.45% $15,390
 1,734,508
 3.17% $13,798
Funding sources           
Deposits:           
Interest-bearing checking$48,278
 0.57% $69
 44,056
 0.15% $17
Market rate and other savings681,187
 0.17
 293
 667,185
 0.07
 110
Savings certificates21,806
 0.31
 16
 25,185
 0.30
 19
Other time deposits66,046
 1.51
 252
 54,921
 0.93
 128
Deposits in foreign offices124,746
 0.76
 240
 107,072
 0.30
 82
Total interest-bearing deposits942,063
 0.37
 870
 898,419
 0.16
 356
Short-term borrowings99,193
 0.91
 226
 116,228
 0.29
 86
Long-term debt243,137
 2.26
 1,377
 252,400
 1.59
 1,006
Other liabilities24,851
 1.74
 109
 16,771
 2.11
 88
Total interest-bearing liabilities1,309,244
 0.79
 2,582
 1,283,818
 0.48
 1,536
Portion of noninterest-bearing funding sources467,538
 
 
 450,690
 
 
Total funding sources$1,776,782
 0.58
 2,582
 1,734,508
 0.35
 1,536
Net interest margin and net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis (5)  2.87% $12,808
   2.82% $12,262
Noninterest-earning assets           
Cash and due from banks$18,456
       18,682
      
Goodwill26,600
       26,979
      
Other116,685
     134,417
    
Total noninterest-earning assets$161,741
     180,078
    
Noninterest-bearing funding sources            
Deposits$364,293
     363,108
    
Other liabilities57,052
     63,777
    
Total equity207,934
     203,883
    
Noninterest-bearing funding sources used to fund earning assets(467,538)     (450,690)    
Net noninterest-bearing funding sources$161,741
     180,078
    
Total assets$1,938,523
     1,914,586
    
            
(1)
Our average prime rate was 4.25% and 3.50% for the quarters ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 4.03% and 3.50% for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively. The average three-month London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) was 1.31% and 0.79% for the quarters ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 1.20% and 0.69% for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Wells Fargo & Company
7
(2)Yields/rates and amounts include the effects of hedge and risk management activities associated with the respective asset and liability categories.
(3)Yields and rates are based on interest income/expense amounts for the period, annualized based on the accrual basis for the respective accounts. The average balance amounts represent amortized cost for the periods presented.
(4)Nonaccrual loans and related income are included in their respective loan categories.
(5)
Includes taxable-equivalent adjustments of $332 million and $310 million for the quarters ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $980 million and $909 million for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively, predominantly related to tax-exempt income on certain loans and securities. The federal statutory tax rate utilized was 35% for the periods presented.





Earnings Performance (continued)
 Nine months ended September 30, 
       2017
       2016
(in millions)
Average
balance

 
Yields/
rates

 
Interest
income/
expense

 
Average
balance

 
Yields/
rates

 
Interest
income/
expense

Earning assets           
Federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments$280,477
 0.98% $2,062
 292,635
 0.49% $1,076
Trading assets98,516
 2.90
 2,144
 83,580
 2.86
 1,792
Investment securities (3):           
Available-for-sale securities:            
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies19,182
 1.48
 212
 30,588
 1.56
 358
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions52,748
 4.07
 1,612
 52,637
 4.25
 1,678
Mortgage-backed securities:           
Federal agencies142,748
 2.60
 2,782
 98,099
 2.57
 1,889
Residential and commercial12,671
 5.44
 516
 19,488
 5.39
 787
Total mortgage-backed securities155,419
 2.83
 3,298
 117,587
 3.03
 2,676
Other debt and equity securities49,212
 3.74
 1,377
 53,680
 3.36
 1,349
Total available-for-sale securities276,561
 3.13
 6,499
 254,492
 3.18
 6,061
Held-to-maturity securities:           
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies44,701
 2.19
 733
 44,671
 2.19
 733
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions6,270
 5.35
 251
 2,274
 5.34
 91
Federal agency and other mortgage-backed securities74,525
 2.38
 1,329
 37,087
 2.08
 577
Other debt securities2,531
 2.48
 47
 4,193
 1.94
 61
Total held-to-maturity securities128,027
 2.46
 2,360
 88,225
 2.21
 1,462
Total investment securities404,588
 2.92
 8,859
 342,717
 2.93
 7,523
Mortgages held for sale (4)20,869
 3.82
 598
 20,702
 3.53
 549
Loans held for sale (4)158
 8.44
 10
 240
 3.71
 7
Loans:               
Commercial:               
Commercial and industrial – U.S.272,621
 3.70
 7,547
 266,622
 3.44
 6,874
Commercial and industrial – Non U.S.56,512
 2.83
 1,196
 50,658
 2.29
 867
Real estate mortgage130,931
 3.69
 3,615
 125,902
 3.43
 3,236
Real estate construction24,949
 4.00
 747
 22,978
 3.53
 608
Lease financing19,094
 4.78
 685
 17,629
 4.86
 643
Total commercial504,107
 3.66
 13,790
 483,789
 3.38
 12,228
Consumer:           
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage276,330
 4.04
 8,380
 276,369
 4.01
 8,311
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage43,589
 4.77
 1,557
 50,585
 4.38
 1,659
Credit card35,322
 12.19
 3,219
 33,774
 11.58
 2,927
Automobile59,105
 5.41
 2,392
 61,246
 5.64
 2,588
Other revolving credit and installment39,128
 6.15
 1,801
 39,434
 5.94
 1,755
Total consumer453,474
 5.11
 17,349
 461,408
 4.99
 17,240
Total loans (4)957,581
 4.34
 31,139
 945,197
 4.16
 29,468
Other10,892
 2.06
 169
 6,104
 2.23
 101
Total earning assets$1,773,081
 3.39% $44,981
 1,691,175
 3.20% $40,516
Funding sources           
Deposits:               
Interest-bearing checking$49,134
 0.43% $156
 40,858
 0.13% $41
Market rate and other savings682,780
 0.13
 664
 659,257
 0.07
 327
Savings certificates22,618
 0.30
 50
 26,432
 0.37
 73
Other time deposits59,414
 1.42
 633
 58,087
 0.84
 364
Deposits in foreign offices123,553
 0.64
 587
 100,783
 0.25
 190
Total interest-bearing deposits937,499
 0.30
 2,090
 885,417
 0.15
 995
Short-term borrowings97,837
 0.69
 505
 111,993
 0.28
 231
Long-term debt250,755
 2.04
 3,838
 235,209
 1.57
 2,769
Other liabilities20,910
 1.97
 309
 16,534
 2.10
 260
Total interest-bearing liabilities1,307,001
 0.69
 6,742
 1,249,153
 0.45
 4,255
Portion of noninterest-bearing funding sources466,080
   
 442,022
 
 
Total funding sources$1,773,081
 0.51
 6,742
 1,691,175
 0.34
 4,255
Net interest margin and net interest income on a taxable-equivalent basis (5)   2.88% $38,239
    2.86% $36,261
Noninterest-earning assets                 
Cash and due from banks$18,443
     18,499
    
Goodwill26,645
     26,696
    
Other114,073
     129,324
    
Total noninterest-earning assets$159,161
     174,519
    
Noninterest-bearing funding sources             
Deposits$364,774
     353,870
    
Other liabilities55,221
     62,169
    
Total equity205,246
     200,502
    
Noninterest-bearing funding sources used to fund earning assets(466,080)     (442,022)    
Net noninterest-bearing funding sources$159,161
     174,519
    
Total assets$1,932,242
     1,865,694
    
            



Noninterest Income

Table 2:Noninterest Income
 Quarter ended Sep 30,  %
 Nine months ended Sep 30,  %
(in millions)2017
 2016
 Change
 2017
 2016
 Change
Service charges on deposit accounts$1,276
 1,370
 (7)% $3,865
 4,015
 (4)%
Trust and investment fees:           
Brokerage advisory, commissions and other fees2,304
 2,344
 (2) 6,957
 6,874
 1
Trust and investment management840
 849
 (1) 2,506
 2,499
 
Investment banking465
 420
 11
 1,345
 1,172
 15
Total trust and investment fees3,609
 3,613
 
 10,808
 10,545
 2
Card fees1,000
 997
 
 2,964
 2,935
 1
Other fees:          
Charges and fees on loans318
 306
 4
 950
 936
 1
Cash network fees126
 138
 (9) 386
 407
 (5)
Commercial real estate brokerage commissions120
 119
 1
 303
 322
 (6)
Letters of credit fees77
 81
 (5) 227
 242
 (6)
Wire transfer and other remittance fees114
 103
 11
 333
 296
 13
All other fees122
 179
 (32) 445
 562
 (21)
Total other fees877
 926
 (5) 2,644

2,765
 (4)
Mortgage banking:          
Servicing income, net309
 359
 (14) 1,165
 1,569
 (26)
Net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities737
 1,308
 (44) 2,257
 3,110
 (27)
Total mortgage banking1,046
 1,667
 (37) 3,422

4,679
 (27)
Insurance269
 293
 (8) 826
 1,006
 (18)
Net gains from trading activities245
 415
 (41) 921
 943
 (2)
Net gains on debt securities166
 106
 57
 322
 797
 (60)
Net gains from equity investments238
 140
 70
 829
 573
 45
Lease income475
 534
 (11) 1,449
 1,404
 3
Life insurance investment income152
 152
 
 441
 455
 (3)
All other97
 163
 (40) 347
 1,216
 (71)
Total$9,450
 10,376
 (9) $28,838

31,333
 (8)

Quarter ended Mar 31,
(in millions)20222021$ Change% Change
Deposit-related fees$1,473 1,255 218 17 %
Lending-related fees342 361 (19)(5)
Investment advisory and other asset-based fees2,498 2,756 (258)(9)
Commissions and brokerage services fees537 636 (99)(16)
Investment banking fees447 568 (121)(21)
Card fees1,029 949 80 
Net servicing income154 (99)253 256 
Net gains on mortgage loan originations/sales539 1,425 (886)(62)
Mortgage banking693 1,326 (633)(48)
Net gains from trading activities218 348 (130)(37)
Net gains from debt securities2 151 (149)(99)
Net gains from equity securities576 392 184 47 
Lease income327 315 12 
Other229 667 (438)(66)
Total$8,371 9,724 (1,353)(14)
Noninterest income was $9.5 billionFirst quarter 2022 vs. first quarter 2021
Deposit-related fees increased driven by lower fee waivers and $28.8 billionreversals as first quarter 2021 included various accommodations to support customers during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as other temporary fee waivers.

In January 2022, we announced enhancements and changes to help our consumer customers avoid overdraft-related fees, which we began to implement in March 2022. We expect this will lower certain deposit-related fees for the third quarterremainder of 2022.

Investment advisory and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $10.4 billionother asset-based fees decreased reflecting:
lower asset-based and $31.3 billion for the same periods a year ago. This income represented 43% of revenue for third quarter 2017 and 44% for the first nine months of 2017, compared with 46% and 47% for the same periods a year ago.
The decline in noninterest income in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods a year ago, wastrust fees due to lower mortgage banking income, lower net gains from trading activities, and lower service charges on deposit accounts. Noninterest incomedivestitures in the first nine months of 2017 also reflected lower net gains on debt securities, insurance income, and all other noninterest income due to unfavorable net hedge ineffectiveness accounting results, but benefited from higher trust and investment fees, net gains on equity investments, and deferred compensation plan investment results (offset in employee benefits expense).fourth quarter 2021;
Service charges on deposit accounts were $1.3 billion and $3.9 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $1.4 billion and $4.0 billion for the same periods in 2016. The decrease in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods a year ago, was driven by lower consumer and business checking account service charges, lower overdraft fees, and a higher earnings credit rate applied to commercial accounts due to increased interest rates.
Brokerage advisory, commissions and other fees are received for providing full-service and discount brokerage services predominantly to retail brokerage clients. Income from these brokerage-related activities include asset-based fees for advisory accounts, which are based on the market value of the client’s assets, and transactional commissions based on the number and size of transactions executed at the client’s direction. These fees were $2.30 billion and $6.96 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $2.34 billion and $6.87 billion for the same periods in 2016. The decrease in third quarter 2017, compared with the same period in 2016, was driven by lower transactional commission revenue, partially offset by by:
higher asset-based fees. The increase for the first nine months of 2017, compared with the same period in 2016, was due to higher asset-based fees, partially offset by lower transactional commission revenue. Retail brokerage client assets totaled $1.6 trillion at September 30, 2017, compared with $1.5 trillion at September 30, 2016, with all retail brokerage services provided by our Wealth and Investment Management (WIM) operating segment. market valuations on WIM advisory assets.

For additional information on retail brokeragecertain client investment assets, see the discussion and Tables 4d and 4e in the “Operating“Earnings Performance – Operating Segment Results – Wealth and Investment Management – Retail Brokerage ClientWIM Advisory Assets” section in this Report.
We earn trust
Commissions and investment managementbrokerage services fees from managing and administering assets, including mutual funds, institutional separate accounts, corporate trust, personal trust,
decreased driven by lower transactional revenue.
Earnings Performance (continued)




employee benefit trust and agency assets. Trust and investment management fee income is primarily from client assets under management (AUM) for which the fees are determined based on a tiered scale relative to the market value of the AUM. AUM consists of assets for which we have investment management discretion. Our AUM totaled $678.7 billion at September 30, 2017, compared with $667.5 billion at September 30, 2016, with substantially all of our AUM managed by our WIM operating segment. Additional information regarding our WIM operating segment AUM is provided in Table 4f and the related discussion in the “Operating Segment Results – Wealth and Investment Management – Trust and Investment Client Assets Under Management” section in this Report. In addition to AUM we have client assets under administration (AUA) that earn various administrative fees which are generally based on the extent of the services provided to administer the account. Our AUA totaled $1.7 trillion at September 30, 2017, compared with $1.6 trillion at September 30, 2016. Trust and investment management fees were $840 million and $2.5 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $849 million and $2.5 billion for the same periods in 2016.
We earn investment banking fees from underwriting decreased driven by lower debt and equity securities, arrangingunderwriting fees as a result of lower market activity.

Card fees increased reflecting higher interchange fees, net of rewards, driven by increased purchase and transaction volumes.

Net servicing income increased reflecting:
lower amortization of the fair value mortgage servicing right (MSR) due to lower prepayment rates driven by increases in interest rates; and
lower unreimbursed servicing costs due to fewer payoffs and favorable recoveries from loss mitigation activities;

partially offset by:
lower contractually specified servicing fees due to a lower balance of loans serviced for others.

Net gains on mortgage loan syndications,originations/sales decreased
driven by:
lower residential mortgage held for sale (HFS) origination volumes and performing other related advisory services. Investment banking fees increasedlower margins in our retail and correspondent production channels; and
a shift in production to $465 million and $1.3 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, from $420 million and $1.2 billion for the same periods in 2016. The increase in third quarter 2017,more correspondent loans, which have a lower production margin compared with the same period in 2016, was predominantly driven by higher loan syndications. The increase for the first nine months of 2017, compared with the same period in 2016, was due to growth in equity originations, loan syndications, and advisory services.retail loans.
Card fees were $1.0 billion and $3.0 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $997 million and $2.9 billion for the same periods a year ago.
Other fees decreased to $877 million and $2.6 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, from $926 million and $2.8 billion for the same periods in 2016, driven by lower all other fees. All other fees were $122 million and $445 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $179 million and $562 million for the same periods in 2016, driven by lower other fees from discontinued products and the impact of the sale of our global fund services business in fourth quarter 2016.
Mortgage banking noninterest income, consisting of netFor additional information on servicing income and net gains on mortgage loan origination/originations/sales, activities, totaled $1.0 billion and $3.4 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $1.7 billion and $4.7 billion for the same periods a year ago.
In addition to servicing fees, net mortgage loan servicing income includes amortization of commercial mortgage servicing rights (MSRs), changes in the fair value of residential MSRs during the period, as well as changes in the value of derivatives (economic hedges) used to hedge the residential MSRs. Net servicing income of $309 million for third quarter 2017 included a $98 million net MSR valuation gain ($142 million decrease in the fair value of the MSRs and a $240 million hedge gain). Net servicing income of $359 million for third quarter 2016 included a $134 million net MSR valuation gain ($8 million decrease in the fair value of the MSRs and a $142 million hedge gain). For the first nine months of 2017, net servicing income of $1.2 billion included a $271 million net MSR valuation gain ($328 million decrease in the fair value of the MSRs and a $599 million hedge gain), and for the same period in 2016 net servicing income of
$1.6 billion included a $786 million net MSR valuation gain ($1.8 billion decrease in the fair value of the MSRs and a $2.6 billion hedge gain). Net servicing income decreased for the first nine months of 2017, compared with the same period a year ago, due to lower net MSR valuation gains. The decrease in net MSR valuation gains in the first nine months of 2017, compared with the same period in 2016, was primarily attributable to MSR valuation adjustments in the first quarter of 2016 that reflected a reduction in forecasted prepayments due to updated economic, customer data attributes, and mortgage market rate inputs as well as higher actual prepayments experienced in 2017.
Our portfolio of mortgage loans serviced for others was $1.70 trillion at September 30, 2017 and $1.68 trillion at December 31, 2016. At September 30, 2017, the ratio of combined residential and commercial MSRs to related loans serviced for others was 0.87%, compared with 0.85% at December 31, 2016. See the “Risk Management – Asset/Liability Management – Mortgage Banking Interest Rate and Market Risk” section in this Report for additional information regarding our MSRs risks and hedging approach.
Net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities were $737 million and $2.3 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $1.3 billion and $3.1 billion for the same periods a year ago. The decrease in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods a year ago, was primarily due to lower held for sale funding volume and production margins. Total mortgage loan originations were $59 billion and $159 billion for the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $70 billion and $177 billion for the same periods a year ago. The production margin on residential held-for-sale mortgage originations, which represents net gains on residential mortgage loan origination/sales activities divided by total residential held-for-sale mortgage originations, provides a measure of the profitability of our residential mortgage origination activity. Table 2a presents the information used in determining the production margin.

Table 2a:Selected Mortgage Production Data
  Quarter ended Sep 30,  Nine months ended Sep 30, 
  2017
2016
 2017
2016
Net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities (in millions):      
Residential(A)$546
953
 1,636
2,229
Commercial 81
167
 263
310
Residential pipeline and unsold/repurchased loan management (1) 110
188
 358
571
Total $737
1,308
 2,257
3,110
Residential real estate originations (in billions):      
Held-for-sale(B)$44
53
 120
130
Held-for-investment 15
17
 39
47
Total $59
70
 159
177
Production margin on residential held-for-sale mortgage originations(A)/(B)1.24%1.81
 1.37
1.72
(1)Largely includes the results of GNMA loss mitigation activities, interest rate management activities and changes in estimate to the liability for mortgage loan repurchase losses.

The production margin was 1.24% and 1.37% for the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with 1.81% and 1.72% for the same periods in 2016. The decline in production margin in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017 was attributable to lower margins in both our retail and correspondent production channels as well as a shift to more correspondent origination volume, which has a lower production margin. Mortgage applications were $73 billion and $215 billion for the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $100 billion and $272 billion for the same periods a year ago. The 1-4 family first mortgage unclosed pipeline was $29 billion at September 30, 2017, compared with $50 billion at September 30, 2016. For additional information about our mortgage banking activities and results, see the “Risk Management – Asset/Liability Management – Mortgage Banking Interest Rate and Market Risk” section andsee Note 8 (Mortgage Banking Activities) and Note 13 (Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities include adjustments to the mortgage repurchase liability. Mortgage loans are repurchased from third parties based on standard representations and warranties, and early payment default clauses in mortgage sale contracts. For the first nine months of 2017, we had a net $45 million release to the repurchase liability, compared with a net $106 million release for the first nine months of 2016. For additional information about mortgage loan repurchases, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Liability for Mortgage Loan Repurchase Losses” section and Note 89 (Mortgage Banking Activities) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Insurance income was $269 million and $826 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $293 million and $1.0 billion in the same periods a year ago. The decrease in the first nine months of 2017, compared with the same period a year ago, was driven by the divestiture of our crop insurance business in first quarter 2016.
Net gains from trading activities which reflect unrealized changes in fair value of our trading positions and realized gains and losses, were $245 million and $921 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $415 million and $943 million in the same periods a year ago. The decrease in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods a year ago, was predominantly driven by decreased reflecting:
lower customer accommodation trading activity. The decrease in customer accommodation trading activity in the first nine months of 2017 was residential mortgage-backed securities and high yield products;
partially offset by by:
higher deferred compensation plan investment results (offset in employee benefits expense). foreign exchange, rates, and commodities trading revenue.

Net gains from trading activities do not include interest and dividend income and expense on trading securities. Those amounts are reported within interest income from trading assets and other interest expense from trading liabilities. For additional information about trading activities, see the “Risk Management – Asset/Liability Management – Market Risk – Trading Activities” section in this Report.
Netdebt securities decreased due to lower gains on debt and equitysales of agency mortgage-backed securities totaled $404 million and $1.2 billion in the third quarter and first nine months(MBS) as a result of 2017, respectively, compared with $246 million and $1.4 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2016, after other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) write-downs of $91 million and $293 million for the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $136 million and $464 million for the same periods in 2016. The increase in net gains on debt and equity securities in third quarter 2017, compared with the same period a year ago, primarily reflected higher net gains from venture capital equity investments. The decrease in net gains on debt and equity securities in the first nine months of 2017, compared with the same period a year ago, was driven by lower net gains on debt securities, partially offset by higher netdecreased sales volumes.

Net gains from equity investments.securities increased reflecting:
Lease income was $475 million and $1.4 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $534 million and $1.4 billion for the same periods a year ago. The decrease in third quarter 2017, compared with the same period a year ago, washigher unrealized gains on nonmarketable equity securities driven by lower equipment lease incomeour affiliated venture capital and the impact ofprivate equity businesses; and
higher realized gains on early leveraged lease terminations in third quarter 2016.the sales of equity securities;
All otherpartially offset by:
higher impairment of equity securities.
8Wells Fargo & Company


Other income was $97 million and $347 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with $163 million and $1.2 billion for the same periods a year ago. All other income includes ineffectiveness recognized on derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting, the results of certain economic hedges, losses on low income housing tax credit investments, foreign currency adjustments, and income from investments accounted for under the equity method, any of which can cause decreases and net losses in other income. The decrease in other income in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods a year ago, was largely decreased due to net hedge ineffectiveness results. All other income in the first nine months of 2017 also reflected the impact of to:
a gain from the sale of our crop insurance business in first quarter 2016, and a gain from the sale of our health benefits services business in second quarter 2016, partially offset by a $309 million gain fromon the sale of a Pick-a-Pay PCIportion of our student loan portfolio in secondfirst quarter 20172021;
higher losses due to growth in wind energy investments (offset by benefits and highercredits in income from equity method investments. Hedge ineffectiveness was driven by changes in ineffectiveness recognizedtax expense); and
lower gains on interest rate swaps used to hedge our exposure to interest rate risk on long-term debt and cross-currency swaps, cross-currency interest rate swaps and forward contracts used to hedge our exposure to foreign currency risk and interest rate risk involving non-U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt. The portion of the hedge ineffectiveness recognized was partially offset by the resultssales of certain economic hedges and, accordingly, we recognized a net hedge benefit of $93 million for third quarter 2017 and a net hedge loss of $79 million for the first nine months of 2017, compared with a net hedge benefit of $142 million and $577 million for the same periods a year ago. For additional information about derivatives used as part of our asset/liability management, see Note 12 (Derivatives)residential mortgage loans which were reclassified to Financial Statements in this Report.HFS.




Earnings Performance (continued)




Noninterest Expense

Table 3:Noninterest Expense
Quarter ended Mar 31,
(in millions)20222021$ Change% Change
Personnel$9,271 9,558 (287)(3)%
Technology, telecommunications and equipment876 844 32 
Occupancy722 770 (48)(6)
Operating losses673 213 460 216 
Professional and outside services1,286 1,388 (102)(7)
Leases (1)188 226 (38)(17)
Advertising and promotion99 90 10 
Restructuring charges5 13 (8)(62)
Other750 887 (137)(15)
Total$13,870 13,989 (119)(1)
 Quarter ended Sep 30,  %
 Nine months ended Sep 30,  %
(in millions)2017
 2016
 Change
 2017
 2016
 Change
Salaries$4,356
 4,224
 3 % $12,960
 12,359
 5 %
Commission and incentive compensation2,553
 2,520
 1
 7,777
 7,769
 
Employee benefits1,279
 1,223
 5
 4,273
 3,993
 7
Equipment523
 491
 7
 1,629
 1,512
 8
Net occupancy716
 718
 
 2,134
 2,145
 (1)
Core deposit and other intangibles288
 299
 (4) 864
 891
 (3)
FDIC and other deposit assessments314
 310
 1
 975
 815
 20
Outside professional services955
 802
 19
 2,788
 2,154
 29
Operating losses1,329
 577
 130
 1,961
 1,365
 44
Operating leases347
 363
 (4) 1,026
 950
 8
Contract services351
 313
 12
 1,025
 878
 17
Outside data processing227
 233
 (3) 683
 666
 3
Travel and entertainment154
 144
 7
 504
 509
 (1)
Postage, stationery and supplies128
 150
 (15) 407
 466
 (13)
Advertising and promotion137
 117
 17
 414
 417
 (1)
Telecommunications90
 101
 (11) 272
 287
 (5)
Foreclosed assets66
 (17) NM
 204
 127
 61
Insurance24
 23
 4
 72
 156
 (54)
All other514
 677
 (24) 1,716
 1,703
 1
Total$14,351
 13,268
 8
 $41,684
 39,162
 6
NM - Not meaningful(1)Represents expenses for assets we lease to customers.
NoninterestFirst quarter 2022 vs. first quarter 2021

Personnel expense was $14.4 billion in third quarter 2017, up 8% from $13.3 billion a year ago, decreased driven by higher operating losses, personnel expenses, outside professional and contract services, and foreclosed assets expense, partially offset by by:
lower other expense. In the first nine months of 2017, noninterest expense was $41.7 billion, up 6% from the same period a year ago, due to higher personnel expenses, outside professional and contract services, operating losses, FDIC expense, and foreclosed assets expense, partially offset by lower insurance expense and postage, stationery and supplies expense.
Personnel expenses, which include salaries commissions, incentive compensation, and employee benefits, were up $221 million, or 3%, in third quarter 2017 compared with the same quarter last year, and up $889 million, or 4%, in the first nine months of 2017 compared with the same period a year ago. The increase in both periods was due to annual salary increases and higher benefits expense, partially offset by one fewer payroll day. The increase in the first nine months of 2017 was also driven by higher deferred compensation costs (offset in trading revenue).
FDIC and other deposit assessments were up 1% and 20% in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods a year ago. The increase in the first nine months of 2017 was due to an increase in deposit assessments as a result of a temporary surcharge which became effective on July 1, 2016. The FDIC expects the surcharge to be in effect for approximately two years.reduced headcount driven by efficiency initiatives and divestitures; and
Outside professional and contract serviceslower incentive compensation expense.

Occupancy expense was up 17% and 26% in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods a year ago. The increase in both periods reflected decreased driven by efficiency initiatives.

Operating losses increased driven by higher project and technology spending on regulatory and compliance related initiatives, as well as higher legalcustomer remediation expense related to sales practicesexpansions of the population of affected customers, remediation payments, and/or remediation time frames predominantly for a variety of historical matters.

Operating losses were up 130%Professional and 44%outside services expense decreased driven by efficiency initiatives to reduce our spending on consultants and contractors.

Leases expense decreased driven by lower depreciation expense from a reduction in the thirdsize of our operating lease asset portfolio.

Other expenses decreased driven by:
a write-down of goodwill in first quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods in 2016, predominantly due2021 related to higher litigation accruals for various legal matters, including a non tax-deductible $1 billion discrete litigation accrual in third quarter 2017 for previously disclosed mortgage-related regulatory investigations.
Foreclosed assets expense was up $83 million and $77 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods a year ago, predominantly due to lower gains on sale of foreclosed properties.
Insurance expense was up 4% in third quarter 2017 and down 54% in the first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods a year ago. The decrease in the first nine months of 2017 was predominantly driven by the sale of a portion of our crop insurance businessstudent loan portfolio, and
lower donation expense due to the donation of PPP processing fees in first quarter 2016.2021;
Postage, stationary, and supplies expense was down 15% and 13% in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods a year ago, due to lower mail services and suppliespartially offset by:
higher pension plan settlement expense.
All other noninterest expense was down 24% in third quarter 2017 and up 1% in the first nine months of 2017, compared with the same periods a year ago. The decrease in the third quarter was primarily driven by lower donations expense. All other noninterest expense in third quarter 2016 included a $107 million contribution to the Wells Fargo Foundation.
Our efficiency ratio was 65.5% in third quarter 2017, compared with 59.4% in third quarter 2016. The third quarter 2017 efficiency ratio included a 456 basis point impact from the $1 billion discrete litigation accrual.

Income Tax Expense
Our Income tax expense was $707 million in first quarter 2022, compared with $901 million in the same period a year ago, driven by lower pre-tax income and net discrete income tax benefits primarily related to stock-based compensation. Theeffective income tax rate was 32.4% and 31.5%16.1% for thirdfirst quarter 2017 and 2016, respectively. Our effective income tax rate was 29.0% in2022, compared with 16.3% for the first nine months of 2017, down from 31.9% insame period a year ago.

Wells Fargo & Company9


Earnings Performance (continued)
the first nine months of 2016. The increase in the effective income tax rate for third quarter 2017 was primarily from the non-deductible treatment of the $1.0 billion discrete litigation accrual, partially offset by net discrete tax benefits arising from favorable resolutions of prior period matters with state taxing authorities. The effective income tax rate for the first nine months of 2017 also included net discrete tax benefits associated with stock compensation activity subject to ASU 2016-09 accounting guidance adopted in first quarter 2017, and tax benefits associated with our agreement to sell Wells Fargo Insurance Services USA (and related businesses) in second quarter 2017. See Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information about ASU 2016-09.

Operating Segment Results
We are organized forOur management reporting purposesis organized into threefour reportable operating segments: CommunityConsumer Banking and Lending; Commercial Banking; WholesaleCorporate and Investment Banking; and Wealth and Investment Management (WIM). These
Management. All other business activities that are not included in the reportable operating segments are definedhave been included in Corporate. For additional information, see Table 4. We define our reportable operating segments by type of product type and customer segment, and their results are based on our management accountingreporting process. The management reporting process measures the performance of the reportable operating segments based on the Company’s management structure, and the results are regularly reviewed by our Chief Executive Officer and Operating Committee. The management reporting process is based on U.S. GAAP and includes specific adjustments, such as funds transfer pricing for asset/liability management, shared revenues and expenses, and taxable-equivalent adjustments to consistently reflect income from taxable and tax-exempt sources, which thereallows management to assess performance consistently across the operating segments.

Funds Transfer Pricing Corporate treasury manages a funds transfer pricing methodology that considers interest rate risk, liquidity risk, and other product characteristics. Operating segments pay a funding charge for their assets and receive a funding credit for their deposits, both of which are included in net interest income. The net impact of the funding charges or credits is no comprehensive, authoritativerecognized in corporate treasury.
Revenue and Expense Sharing When lines of business jointly serve customers, the line of business that is responsible for providing the product or service recognizes revenue or expense with a referral fee paid or an allocation of cost to the other line of
business based on established internal revenue-sharing agreements.
When a line of business uses a service provided by another line of business or enterprise function (included in Corporate), expense is generally allocated based on the cost and use of the service provided.
Taxable-Equivalent Adjustments Taxable-equivalent adjustments related to tax-exempt income on certain loans and debt securities are included in net interest income, while taxable-equivalent adjustments related to income tax credits for low-income housing and renewable energy investments are included in noninterest income, in each case with corresponding impacts to income tax expense (benefit). Adjustments are included in Corporate, Commercial Banking, and Corporate and Investment Banking and are eliminated to reconcile to the Company’s consolidated financial accounting guidance equivalentresults.
Allocated Capital Reportable operating segments are allocated capital under a risk-sensitive framework that is primarily based on aspects of our regulatory capital requirements, and the assumptions and methodologies used to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). Commencing in second quarter 2016,allocate capital are periodically assessed and revised. Management believes that return on allocated capital is a useful financial measure because it enables management, investors, and others to assess a reportable operating segment’s use of capital.
Selected Metrics We present certain financial and nonfinancial metrics that management uses when evaluating reportable operating segment results reflect a shift in expenses betweenresults. Management believes that these metrics are useful to investors and others to assess the personnelperformance, customer growth, and other expense categories as a resulttrends of the movementreportable operating segments or lines of support staff from the Wholesale Banking and WIM segments into a consolidated organization within the Community Banking segment. Since then, personnel expenses associated with the transferred support staff have been allocated from Community Banking back to the Wholesale Banking and WIM segments through other expense. business.
Table 44:Management Reporting Structure
Wells Fargo & Company
Consumer Banking and LendingCommercial BankingCorporate and Investment BankingWealth and Investment ManagementCorporate

• Consumer and Small Business Banking

• Home Lending

• Credit Card

• Auto

• Personal Lending

• Middle Market Banking

• Asset-Based Lending and Leasing

• Banking

• Commercial Real Estate

• Markets

• Wells Fargo Advisors

• The Private
Bank

• Corporate Treasury

• Enterprise Functions

• Investment Portfolio

• Affiliated venture capital and private equity businesses

• Non-strategic businesses
10Wells Fargo & Company


Table 5 and the following discussion present our results by reportable operating segment. For additional description of our operating segments, including additional financial information, and the underlying management accounting process, see Note 1822 (Operating Segments) to Financial Statements in this Report.

Table 4:5:Operating Segment Results – Highlights
(in millions)Consumer Banking and LendingCommercial BankingCorporate and Investment BankingWealth and Investment ManagementCorporate (1)Reconciling Items (2)Consolidated Company
Quarter ended March 31, 2022
Net interest income$5,996 1,361 1,990 799 (818)(107)9,221 
Noninterest income2,567 966 1,480 2,958 806 (406)8,371 
Total revenue8,563 2,327 3,470 3,757 (12)(513)17,592 
Provision for credit losses(190)(344)(196)(37)(20) (787)
Noninterest expense6,395 1,531 1,983 3,175 786  13,870 
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)2,358 1,140 1,683 619 (778)(513)4,509 
Income tax expense (benefit)588 280 425 154 (227)(513)707 
Net income (loss) before noncontrolling interests1,770 860 1,258 465 (551) 3,802 
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests 3   128  131 
Net income (loss)$1,770 857 1,258 465 (679) 3,671 
Quarter ended March 31, 2021
Net interest income$5,615 1,254 1,779 657 (390)(107)8,808 
Noninterest income3,039 827 1,825 2,887 1,417 (271)9,724 
Total revenue8,654 2,081 3,604 3,544 1,027 (378)18,532 
Provision for credit losses(419)(399)(284)(43)97 — (1,048)
Noninterest expense6,267 1,630 1,833 3,028 1,231 — 13,989 
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)2,806 850 2,055 559 (301)(378)5,591 
Income tax expense (benefit)702 212 500 140 (275)(378)901 
Net income (loss) before noncontrolling interests2,104 638 1,555 419 (26)— 4,690 
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests— — — 53 — 54 
Net income (loss)$2,104 637 1,555 419 (79)— 4,636 
(1)All other business activities that are not included in the reportable operating segments have been included in Corporate. For additional information, see the “Corporate” section below.
(2)Taxable-equivalent adjustments related to tax-exempt income on certain loans and debt securities are included in net interest income, while taxable-equivalent adjustments related to income tax credits for low-income housing and renewable energy investments are included in noninterest income, in each case with corresponding impacts to income tax expense (benefit). Adjustments are included in Corporate, Commercial Banking, and Corporate and Investment Banking and are eliminated to reconcile to the Company’s consolidated financial results.
(income/expense in millions, Community Banking  Wholesale Banking  Wealth and Investment Management  Other (1)  
Consolidated
Company
 
average balances in billions) 2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Quarter ended Sep 30,                    
Revenue $12,060
 12,387
 7,085
 7,147
 4,246
 4,099
 (1,465) (1,305) 21,926
 22,328
Provision (reversal of provision) for credit losses 650
 651
 69
 157
 (1) 4
 (1) (7) 717
 805
Noninterest expense 7,834
 6,953
 4,248
 4,120
 3,106
 2,999
 (837) (804) 14,351
 13,268
Net income (loss) 2,229
 3,227
 2,046
 2,047
 710
 677
 (389) (307) 4,596
 5,644
Average loans $473.5
 489.2
 463.8
 454.3
 72.4
 68.4
 (57.4) (54.4) 952.3
 957.5
Average deposits 734.5
 708.0
 463.4
 441.2
 188.1
 189.2
 (79.6) (76.9) 1,306.4
 1,261.5
Nine months ended Sep 30,                    
Revenue $36,442
 37,205
 21,074
 21,389
 12,621
 11,872
 (4,040) (3,781) 66,097
 66,685
Provision (reversal of provision) for credit losses 1,919
 2,060
 (39) 905
 2
 (8) (5) 8
 1,877
 2,965
Noninterest expense 22,278
 20,437
 12,551
 12,124
 9,387
 9,017
 (2,532) (2,416) 41,684
 39,162
Net income (loss) 8,231
 9,702
 6,549
 6,041
 2,015
 1,773
 (932) (852) 15,863
 16,664
Average loans $477.8
 486.4
 465.0
 445.2
 71.6
 66.4
 (56.8) (52.8) 957.6
 945.2
Average deposits 726.4
 698.3
 464.1
 431.7
 190.6
 185.4
 (78.8) (76.1) 1,302.3
 1,239.3
(1)Includes the elimination of certain items that are included in more than one business segment, most of which represents products and services for WIM customers served through Community Banking distribution channels.Wells Fargo & Company11


Earnings Performance (continued) (continued)




CommunityConsumer Banking and Lendingoffers a complete line of diversified financial products and services for consumers and small businesses includingwith annual sales generally up to $10 million. These financial products and services include checking and savings accounts, credit and
debit cards, and automobile, student, mortgage,as well as home, equityauto, personal, and small business lending, as well as referrals to Wholesalelending. Table 5a and Table 5b provide additional information for Consumer Banking and WIM business partners. The Community Banking segment
also includes the results of our Corporate Treasury activities net of allocations in support of the other operating segments and results of investments in our affiliated venture capital partnerships. Table 4a provides additional financial information for Community Banking.Lending.
Table 4a:Community5a: Consumer Banking and Lending – Income Statement and Selected Metrics
Quarter ended Mar 31,
($ in millions, unless otherwise noted)20222021$ Change% Change
Income Statement
Net interest income$5,996 5,615 381 %
Noninterest income:
Deposit-related fees845 661 184 28 
Card fees961 892 69 
Mortgage banking654 1,259 (605)(48)
Other107 227 (120)(53)
Total noninterest income2,567 3,039 (472)(16)
Total revenue8,563 8,654 (91)(1)
Net charge-offs375 370 
Change in the allowance for credit losses(565)(789)224 28
Provision for credit losses(190)(419)229 55
Noninterest expense6,395 6,267 128 
Income before income tax expense2,358 2,806 (448)(16)
Income tax expense588 702 (114)(16)
Net income$1,770 2,104 (334)(16)
Revenue by Line of Business
Consumer and Small Business Banking$5,071 4,550 521 11 
Consumer Lending:
Home Lending1,490 2,227 (737)(33)
Credit Card (1)1,265 1,188 77 
Auto444 403 41 10 
Personal Lending (1)293 286 
Total revenue$8,563 8,654 (91)(1)
Selected Metrics
Consumer Banking and Lending:
Return on allocated capital (2)14.4 %17.2 
Efficiency ratio (3)75 72 
Headcount (#) (period-end)113,273 123,547 (8)
Retail bank branches (#)4,705 4,944 (5)
Digital active customers (# in millions) (4)33.7 32.9 
Mobile active customers (# in millions) (4)27.8 26.7 
Consumer and Small Business Banking:
Deposit spread (5)1.6 %1.6 
Debit card purchase volume ($ in billions) (6)$115.0 108.5 6.5 
Debit card purchase transactions (# in millions) (6)2,338 2,266 

(continued on following page)

 Quarter ended Sep 30,    Nine months ended Sep 30,   
(in millions, except average balances which are in billions)2017
 2016
 % Change 2017
 2016
 % Change
Net interest income$7,645
 7,430
 3 % $22,820
 22,277
 2 %
Noninterest income:           
Service charges on deposit accounts738
 821
 (10) 2,203
 2,347
 (6)
Trust and investment fees:          
Brokerage advisory, commissions and other fees (1)460
 479
 (4) 1,356
 1,384
 (2)
Trust and investment management (1)225
 222
 1
 659
 631
 4
Investment banking (2)(13) (23) 43
 (60) (92) 35
Total trust and investment fees672
 678
 (1) 1,955
 1,923
 2
Card fees910
 911
 
 2,703
 2,670
 1
Other fees362
 362
 
 1,152
 1,100
 5
Mortgage banking936
 1,481
 (37) 3,081
 4,314
 (29)
Insurance36
 2
 NM
 64
 4
 NM
Net gains (losses) from trading activities18
 33
 (45) 87
 (54) 261
Net gains on debt securities169
 131
 29
 455
 744
 (39)
Net gains from equity investments (3)195
 109
 79
 731
 448
 63
Other income of the segment379
 429
 (12) 1,191
 1,432
 (17)
Total noninterest income4,415
 4,957
 (11) 13,622
 14,928
 (9)
           
Total revenue12,060
 12,387
 (3) 36,442
 37,205
 (2)
           
Provision for credit losses650
 651
 
 1,919
 2,060
 (7)
Noninterest expense:          
Personnel expense5,027
 4,606
 9
 15,193
 13,886
 9
Equipment511
 462
 11
 1,569
 1,421
 10
Net occupancy532
 520
 2
 1,573
 1,551
 1
Core deposit and other intangibles112
 123
 (9) 335
 380
 (12)
FDIC and other deposit assessments171
 159
 8
 547
 453
 21
Outside professional services464
 300
 55
 1,355
 749
 81
Operating losses1,294
 525
 146
 1,853
 1,224
 51
Other expense of the segment(277) 258
 NM
 (147) 773
 NM
Total noninterest expense7,834
 6,953
 13
 22,278
 20,437
 9
Income before income tax expense and noncontrolling interests3,576
 4,783
 (25) 12,245
 14,708
 (17)
Income tax expense1,286
 1,546
 (17) 3,817
 4,910
 (22)
Net income from noncontrolling interests (4)61
 10
 510
 197
 96
 105
Net income$2,229
 3,227
 (31) $8,231
 9,702
 (15)
Average loans$473.5
 489.2
 (3) $477.8
 486.4
 (2)
Average deposits734.5
 708.0
 4
 726.4
 698.3
 4
NM - Not meaningful
(1)12Represents income on products and services for WIM customers served through Community Banking distribution channels and is eliminated in consolidation.
Wells Fargo & Company
(2)Includes syndication and underwriting fees paid to Wells Fargo Securities which are offset in our Wholesale Banking segment.
(3)Predominantly represents gains resulting from venture capital investments.
(4)Reflects results attributable to noncontrolling interests predominantly associated with the Company’s consolidated venture capital investments.


Community Banking reported(continued from previous page)

Quarter ended Mar 31,
($ in millions, unless otherwise noted)20222021$ Change% Change
Home Lending:
Mortgage banking:
Net servicing income$116 (123)239 194 %
Net gains on mortgage loan originations/sales538 1,382 (844)(61)
Total mortgage banking$654 1,259 (605)(48)
Originations ($ in billions):
Retail$24.1 33.6 (9.5)(28)
Correspondent13.8 18.2 (4.4)(24)
Total originations$37.9 51.8 (13.9)(27)
% of originations held for sale (HFS)51.4 %75.8 
Third-party mortgage loans serviced (period-end)($ in billions) (7)$704.2 801.0 (96.8)(12)
Mortgage servicing rights (MSR) carrying value (period-end)8,511 7,536 975 13 
Ratio of MSR carrying value (period-end) to third-party mortgage loans serviced (period-end) (7)1.21 %0.94 
Home lending loans 30+ days delinquency rate (8)(9)(10)0.29 0.56 
Credit Card: (1)
Point of sale (POS) volume ($ in billions)$26.0 19.6 6.4 33 
New accounts (# in thousands)484 266 82 
Credit card loans 30+ days delinquency rate (10)1.58 %2.13 
Auto:
Auto originations ($ in billions)$7.3 7.0 0.3 
Auto loans 30+ days delinquency rate (9)(10)1.68 %1.22 
Personal Lending: (1)
New volume ($ in billions)$2.6 1.9 0.7 37 
NM – Not meaningful
(1)In first quarter 2022, we transferred our Retail Services business from Credit Card to Personal Lending. Prior period balances have been revised to conform with the current period presentation.
(2)Return on allocated capital is segment net income (loss) applicable to common stock divided by segment average allocated capital. Segment net income (loss) applicable to common stock is segment net income (loss) less allocated preferred stock dividends.
(3)Efficiency ratio is segment noninterest expense divided by segment total revenue (net interest income and noninterest income).
(4)Digital and mobile active customers is the number of $2.2 billion, down $998 million,consumer and small business customers who have logged on via a digital or 31%, from thirdmobile device, respectively, in the prior 90 days. Digital active customers includes both online and mobile customers.
(5)Deposit spread is (i) the internal funds transfer pricing credit on segment deposits minus interest paid to customers for segment deposits, divided by (ii) average segment deposits.
(6)Debit card purchase volume and transactions reflect combined activity for both consumer and business debit card purchases.
(7)Excludes residential mortgage loans subserviced for others.
(8)Excludes residential mortgage loans insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and loans held for sale.
(9)Excludes nonaccrual loans.
(10)Beginning in second quarter 2016, and $8.2 billion2020, customer payment deferral activities instituted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic may have delayed the recognition of delinquencies for thethose customers who would have otherwise moved into past due or nonaccrual status.
First quarter 2022 vs. first nine months of 2017, down $1.5 billion, or 15%, compared with the same period a year ago. Third quarter 2017 results included a $1 billion discrete litigation accrual (not tax deductible) for previously disclosed mortgage-related regulatory investigations. 2021
Revenue of $12.1 billion decreased $327 million, or 3%, from third quarter 2016, and was $36.4 billion for the first nine months of 2017, a decrease of $763 million, or 2%, compared with the same period last year. The decrease from third quarter 2016 was predominantlydriven by:
lower mortgage banking noninterest income due to lower mortgage banking revenueHFS origination volumes and deposit service charges,margins, partially offset by higher net interest income,servicing income; and gains on equity investments. The decrease from the first nine months of 2016 was predominantly due to
lower mortgage banking revenue, gains on sales of debt securities, and other income driven by net hedge ineffectiveness accounting relatedlower gains on the sales of certain residential mortgage loans which were reclassified to our long-term debt hedging results, held for sale;
partially offset by by:
higher net interest income and gains on
equity investments. Average loans of $473.5 billion in third quarter 2017 decreased $15.7 billion, or 3%, from third quarter 2016, and average loans of $477.8 billion in the first nine months of 2017 decreased $8.6 billion, or 2%, from the first nine months of 2016. The decline in average loans was due to lower loan origination in the consumer lending portfolio. Average deposits of $734.5 billion increased $26.5 billion, or 4%, from third quarter 2016 and average deposits of $726.4 billion in the first nine months of 2017 increased $28.1 billion, or 4%, from the first nine months of 2016. Primary consumer checking customers (customers who actively use their checking account with transactions such as debit card purchases, online bill payments, and direct deposit) as of August 2017 were down 0.2% from August 2016. Noninterest expense increased 13% from third quarter 2016 and 9% from the first nine months of 2016. The increase from third quarter 2016 was driven byreflecting higher operating losses (including the $1 billion discrete litigation accrual in third quarter 2017)interest rates and higher personnel expenses mainly due to the

impact of annual salary increases and higher professional services driven by increased project spending, partially offset by higher expenses allocated to the Wholesale Banking and Wealth and Investment Management operating segments related to increased project and technology spending on regulatory and compliance related initiatives. The increase from the first nine months of 2016 was predominantly due to higher personnel expenses, including deferred compensation plan expense (offset in trading revenue), and higher operating losses and professional services,deposit balances, partially offset by lower loan balances;
higher deposit-related fees primarily reflecting lower fee waivers and reversals as first quarter 2021 included various accommodations to support customers during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as other expense. The provisiontemporary fee waivers; and
higher card fees reflecting higher interchange fees, net of rewards, driven by increased purchase and transaction volumes.
Provision for credit losses was flat compared with thirdreflected reduced uncertainty around the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our loan portfolios and increased uncertainty related to the risks of high inflation.

Noninterest expense increased driven by:
higher operating losses due to higher customer remediation expense related to expansions of the population of affected customers, remediation payments, and/or remediation time frames predominantly for a variety of historical matters;
partially offset by:
lower personnel expense driven by lower branch and operations staffing expense related to efficiency initiatives in Consumer and Small Business Banking, as well as lower revenue-related incentive compensation in Home Lending;
lower occupancy expense and professional and outside services expense related to efficiency initiatives; and
lower donation expense due to the donation of PPP processing fees in first quarter 20162021.
Wells Fargo & Company13


Earnings Performance (continued)
Table 5b: Consumer Banking and decreased $141 millionLending – Balance Sheet
Quarter ended Mar 31,
(in millions)20222021$ Change% Change
Selected Balance Sheet Data (average)
Loans by Line of Business:
Consumer and Small Business Banking (1)$10,605 20,137 (9,532)(47)%
Consumer Lending:
Home Lending213,714 243,036 (29,322)(12)
Credit Card (2)31,503 28,891 2,612 
Auto57,278 49,518 7,760 16 
Personal Lending (2)11,955 11,499 456 
Total loans$325,055 353,081 (28,026)(8)
Total deposits (1)881,339 789,439 91,900 12 
Allocated capital48,000 48,000 — — 
Selected Balance Sheet Data (period-end)
Loans by Line of Business:
Consumer and Small Business Banking (1)$11,006 20,820 (9,814)(47)
Consumer Lending:
Home Lending215,858 230,478 (14,620)(6)
Credit Card (2)31,974 28,035 3,939 14 
Auto57,652 50,007 7,645 15 
Personal Lending (2)12,068 11,209 859 
Total loans$328,558 340,549 (11,991)(4)
Total deposits (1)909,896 837,765 72,131 
(1)In first quarter 2022, we prospectively transferred certain customer accounts from the first nine months of 2016 predominantly dueCommercial Banking operating segment to an improvementSmall Business Banking in the consumer lending
Consumer Banking and Lending operating segment.
portfolio, primarily consumer real estate, compared(2)In first quarter 2022, we transferred our Retail Services business from Credit Card to Personal Lending. Prior period balances have been revised to conform with the same periodscurrent period presentation.
First quarter 2022 vs. first quarter 2021
Total loans (average) decreased as paydowns exceeded originations in our Home Lending and Consumer and Small Business Banking businesses, partially offset by originations exceeding paydowns in our Auto and Credit Card businesses. Home Lending loan balances were impacted by the resecuritization of loans we purchased from GNMA loan securitization pools, as well as actions taken to suspend home equity originations. Consumer and Small Business Banking loan balances were impacted by a year ago.decline in PPP loans.


WholesaleTotal deposits (average and period-end) increased driven by higher levels of customer liquidity and savings reflecting an improved economic environment.
14Wells Fargo & Company


Commercial Banking provides financial solutions to businesses across the United Statesprivate, family owned and globally with annual sales generally in excess of $5 million.certain public companies. Products and businessesservices include Business Banking, Commercial Real Estate, Corporate Banking, Financial Institutions Group, Governmentbanking and Institutional Banking, Insurance, Middle Market Banking, Principal Investments, Treasury Management, Wells Fargo Commercial Capital,credit products across multiple
industry sectors and Wells Fargo Securities.municipalities, secured lending and lease products, and treasury management. Table 4b provides5c and Table 5d provide additional financial information for WholesaleCommercial Banking.
Table 4b:Wholesale5c:Commercial Banking – Income Statement and Selected Metrics
 Quarter ended Sep 30,    Nine months ended Sep 30,   
(in millions, except average balances which are in billions)2017
 2016
 % Change 2017
 2016
 % Change
Net interest income$4,353
 4,062
 7 % $12,779
 11,729
 9 %
Noninterest income:           
Service charges on deposit accounts539
 549
 (2) 1,662
 1,667
 
Trust and investment fees:          
Brokerage advisory, commissions and other fees65
 91
 (29) 231
 276
 (16)
Trust and investment management130
 117
 11
 390
 351
 11
Investment banking478
 444
 8
 1,407
 1,265
 11
Total trust and investment fees673
 652
 3
 2,028
 1,892
 7
Card fees90
 85
 6
 260
 263
 (1)
Other fees513
 562
 (9) 1,487
 1,660
 (10)
Mortgage banking110
 186
 (41) 343
 367
 (7)
Insurance224
 291
 (23) 736
 1,002
 (27)
Net gains from trading activities156
 302
 (48) 614
 853
 (28)
Net gains (losses) on debt securities(5) (25) 80
 (135) 52
 NM
Net gains from equity investments40
 26
 54
 92
 118
 (22)
Other income of the segment392
 457
 (14) 1,208
 1,786
 (32)
Total noninterest income2,732
 3,085
 (11) 8,295
 9,660
 (14)
           
Total revenue7,085
 7,147
 (1) 21,074
 21,389
 (1)
           
Provision (reversal of provision) for credit losses69
 157
 (56) (39) 905
 NM
Noninterest expense:          
Personnel expense1,607
 1,806
 (11) 5,048
 5,563
 (9)
Equipment12
 18
 (33) 42
 55
 (24)
Net occupancy106
 116
 (9) 326
 350
 (7)
Core deposit and other intangibles102
 101
 1
 310
 286
 8
FDIC and other deposit assessments120
 125
 (4) 358
 299
 20
Outside professional services301
 269
 12
 842
 759
 11
Operating losses22
 55
 (60) 34
 130
 (74)
Other expense of the segment1,978
 1,630
 21
 5,591
 4,682
 19
Total noninterest expense4,248
 4,120
 3
 12,551
 12,124
 4
Income before income tax expense and noncontrolling interests2,768
 2,870
 (4) 8,562
 8,360
 2
Income tax expense729
 827
 (12) 2,034
 2,341
 (13)
Net loss from noncontrolling interests(7) (4) (75) (21) (22) 5
Net income$2,046
 2,047
 
 $6,549
 6,041
 8
Average loans$463.8
 454.3
 2
 $465.0
 445.2
 4
Average deposits463.4
 441.2
 5
 464.1
 431.7
 8
Quarter ended Mar 31,
($ in millions)20222021$ Change% Change
Income Statement
Net interest income$1,361 1,254 107 %
Noninterest income:
Deposit-related fees328 317 11 
Lending-related fees121 136 (15)(11)
Lease income179 174 
Other338 200 138 69 
Total noninterest income966 827 139 17 
Total revenue2,327 2,081 246 12 
Net charge-offs(29)39 (68)NM
Change in the allowance for credit losses(315)(438)123 28 
Provision for credit losses(344)(399)55 14 
Noninterest expense1,531 1,630 (99)(6)
Income before income tax expense1,140 850 290 34 
Income tax expense280 212 68 32 
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests3 200 
Net income$857 637 220 35 
Revenue by Line of Business
Middle Market Banking$1,246 1,159 87 
Asset-Based Lending and Leasing1,081 922 159 17 
Total revenue$2,327 2,081 246 12 
Revenue by Product
Lending and leasing$1,255 1,202 53 
Treasury management and payments779 721 58 
Other293 158 135 85 
Total revenue$2,327 2,081 246 12 
Selected Metrics
Return on allocated capital16.9 %12.3 
Efficiency ratio66 78 
Headcount (#) (period-end)17,360 20,486 (15)
NM – Not meaningful
Wholesale Banking reported net income of $2.0 billion in thirdFirst quarter 2017, down $1 million from third2022 vs. first quarter 2016. In the first nine months of 2017, net income of $6.5 billion2021
Revenue increased $508 million, or 8%, from the same period a year ago. Net income results for the first nine months of 2017 included a tax benefit resulting from our agreement to sell Wells Fargo Insurance Services USA and related businesses. Revenue decreased $62 million, or 1%, from third quarter 2016 and $315 million, or 1%, from the first nine months of 2016 as an increase indriven by:
higher net interest income was more than offset by lowerreflecting higher interest rates, as well as higher loan and deposit balances; and
higher other noninterest income. Net interest income increased $291 million, or 7%, from third quarter 2016 and $1.1 billion, or 9%, from the first nine months of 2016 driven by strong loan growth, which
included the benefit from the GE Capital business acquisitions in 2016, and rising interest rates. Noninterest income decreased $353 million, or 11%, from third quarter 2016 due predominantly to lower customer accommodation trading, mortgage banking fees, and insurance income. Noninterest income decreased $1.4 billion, or 14%, from the first nine months of 2016 largely due to higher unrealized gains on equity securities and higher income from renewable energy investments.

Provision for credit losses reflected lower net charge-offs, reduced uncertainty around the first quarter 2016 saleeconomic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our crop insurance business, which resulted in loan portfolios, and increased uncertainty related to the risks of high inflation.
Noninterest expense decreased driven by:
lower insurance and gain on sale income, and the second quarter 2016 gain on the sale of our health benefits services business,spending due to efficiency initiatives, including lower personnel expense from reduced headcount, as well as lower occupancy expense;
lower lease expense driven by lower depreciation expense from a reduction in the size of our operating lease asset portfolio; and
lower operating losses due to lower litigation expense and customer remediation expense.

Wells Fargo & Company15


Earnings Performance (continued)
Table 5d:Commercial Banking – Balance Sheet
Quarter ended Mar 31,
(in millions)20222021$ Change% Change
Selected Balance Sheet Data (average)
Loans:
Commercial and industrial (1)$135,792 120,929 14,863 12 %
Commercial real estate (1)45,053 48,574 (3,521)(7)
Lease financing and other13,550 13,640 (90)(1)
Total loans$194,395 183,143 11,252 
Loans by Line of Business:
Middle Market Banking (1)$108,583 104,379 4,204 
Asset-Based Lending and Leasing85,812 78,764 7,048 
Total loans$194,395 183,143 11,252 
Total deposits (1)200,699 189,364 11,335 
Allocated capital19,500 19,500 — — 
Selected Balance Sheet Data (period-end)
Loans:
Commercial and industrial (1)$140,932 119,322 21,610 18 
Commercial real estate (1)44,428 47,832 (3,404)(7)
Lease financing and other13,473 13,534 (61)— 
Total loans$198,833 180,688 18,145 10 
Loans by Line of Business:
Middle Market Banking (1)$110,258 102,372 7,886 
Asset-Based Lending and Leasing88,575 78,316 10,259 13 
Total loans$198,833 180,688 18,145 10 
Total deposits (1)195,549 191,948 3,601 
(1)In first quarter 2022, we prospectively transferred certain customer accounts from the Commercial Banking operating segment to Small Business Banking in the Consumer Banking and Lending operating segment.
First quarter 2022 vs. first quarter 2021
Total loans (average and period-end) increased driven by higher loan demand, including higher line utilization, and customer growth.

Total deposits (average and period-end) increased due to higher levels of customer liquidity and rising interest rates, partially offset by the transfer of certain customer accounts to the Consumer Banking and Lending operating segment in first quarter 2022.

16Wells Fargo & Company


Corporate and Investment Banking delivers a suite of capital markets, banking, and financial products and services to corporate, commercial real estate, government and institutional clients globally. Products and services include corporate banking, investment banking, treasury management, commercial real
estate lending and servicing, equity and fixed income solutions, as well as sales, trading, and research capabilities. Table 5e and Table 5fprovide additional information for Corporate and Investment Banking.
Table 5e:Corporate and Investment Banking – Income Statement and Selected Metrics
Quarter ended Mar 31,
($ in millions)20222021$ Change% Change
Income Statement
Net interest income$1,990 1,779 211 12 %
Noninterest income:
Deposit-related fees293 266 27 10 
Lending-related fees185 183 
Investment banking fees462 611 (149)(24)
Net gains from trading activities228 331 (103)(31)
Other312 434 (122)(28)
Total noninterest income1,480 1,825 (345)(19)
Total revenue3,470 3,604 (134)(4)
Net charge-offs(31)37 (68)NM
Change in the allowance for credit losses(165)(321)156 49 
Provision for credit losses(196)(284)88 31 
Noninterest expense1,983 1,833 150 
Income before income tax expense1,683 2,055 (372)(18)
Income tax expense425 500 (75)(15)
Net income$1,258 1,555 (297)(19)
Revenue by Line of Business
Banking:
Lending$521 453 68 15 
Treasury Management and Payments432 370 62 17 
Investment Banking331 416 (85)(20)
Total Banking1,284 1,239 45 
Commercial Real Estate995 912 83 
Markets:
Fixed Income, Currencies, and Commodities (FICC)877 1,144 (267)(23)
Equities267 252 15 
Credit Adjustment (CVA/DVA) and Other25 36 (11)(31)
Total Markets1,169 1,432 (263)(18)
Other22 21 
Total revenue$3,470 3,604 (134)(4)
Selected Metrics
Return on allocated capital13.2 %17.6 
Efficiency ratio57 51 
Headcount (#) (period-end)8,416 8,249 
NM – Not meaningful
First quarter 2022 vs. first quarter 2021
Revenue decreased driven by:
lower investment banking fees due to lower debt and equity underwriting fees as a result of lower market activity;
lower net gains on debtfrom trading activities driven by lower client trading activity in residential mortgage-backed securities and customer accommodation trading. The decrease in noninterest income from the first nine months of 2016 washigh yield products, partially offset by higher investmentforeign exchange, rates, and commodities trading revenue; and
lower other noninterest income driven by lower commercial mortgage banking fees as well asincome due to lower gain on sale volumes and margins, partially offset by higher lease income in our low-income housing business;
partially offset by:
higher net interest income reflecting higher loan balances and deposit spreads, partially offset by lower deposit balances.
Wells Fargo & Company17


Earnings Performance (continued) (continued)




Provision for credit losses reflected lower net charge-offs, reduced uncertainty around the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our loan portfolios, and increased uncertainty related to the GE Capital business acquisitions. Average loansrisks of $463.8 billion in thirdhigh inflation.
Noninterest expense increased driven by higher personnel expense due to higher incentive compensation expense.
Table 5f:Corporate and Investment Banking – Balance Sheet
Quarter ended Mar 31,
(in millions)20222021$ Change% Change
Selected Balance Sheet Data (average)
Loans:
Commercial and industrial$191,152 162,290 28,862 18 %
Commercial real estate93,346 83,858 9,488 11 
Total loans$284,498 246,148 38,350 16 
Loans by Line of Business:
Banking$102,485 86,536 15,949 18 
Commercial Real Estate126,248 107,609 18,639 17 
Markets55,765 52,003 3,762 
Total loans$284,498 246,148 38,350 16 
Trading-related assets:
Trading account securities$115,687 106,358 9,329 
Reverse repurchase agreements/securities borrowed54,832 63,965 (9,133)(14)
Derivative assets26,244 27,102 (858)(3)
Total trading-related assets$196,763 197,425 (662)— 
Total assets551,404 511,528 39,876 
Total deposits169,181 194,501 (25,320)(13)
Allocated capital36,000 34,000 2,000 
Selected Balance Sheet Data (period-end)
Loans:
Commercial and industrial$194,201 163,808 30,393 19 
Commercial real estate96,426 84,836 11,590 14 
Total loans$290,627 248,644 41,983 17 
Loans by Line of Business:
Banking$107,081 88,042 19,039 22 
Commercial Real Estate129,375 108,508 20,867 19 
Markets54,171 52,094 2,077 
Total loans$290,627 248,644 41,983 17 
Trading-related assets:
Trading account securities$113,763 100,586 13,177 13 
Reverse repurchase agreements/securities borrowed57,579 71,282 (13,703)(19)
Derivative assets26,695 24,228 2,467 10 
Total trading-related assets$198,037 196,096 1,941 
Total assets564,976 512,045 52,931 10 
Total deposits168,467 188,920 (20,453)(11)
First quarter 20172022 vs. first quarter 2021
Total assets (average and period-end) increased $9.5 billion, or 2%, from third quarter 2016, and average loans of $465.0 billion in the first nine months of 2017 increased $19.8 billion, or 4%, from the first nine months of 2016. Averagereflecting higher loan growth wasbalances driven by growth in asset backed finance, capital finance, governmentcommercial loan originations and institutional banking, middle market banking, and structured real estate, as well as the GE Capital business acquisitions in 2016. Average depositsusage of $463.4 billion increased $22.2 billion, or 5%, from third quarter 2016 and $32.4 billion, or 8%, from the first nine monthslines of 2016 reflecting growth in corporate banking, commercial real estate, corporate trust, financial institutions and structured real estate. Noninterest expense increased $128 million, or 3%, from third quarter 2016 and $427 million, or 4%, from the first nine months of 2016,credit due to higher expenses allocated from Community Banking relatedincreased corporate spending.

Total deposits (average and period-end) decreased reflecting continued actions to increased project and technology spending on regulatory and compliance related initiatives, and higher expense related to growth initiatives. The provision for credit losses decreased $88 million from thirdmanage under the asset cap.
quarter 2016 and $944 million from the first nine months of 2016 driven by improvement in the oil and gas portfolio.

18Wells Fargo & Company


Wealth and Investment Managementprovides a full range of personalized wealth management, investmentbrokerage, financial planning, lending, private banking, trust and retirementfiduciary products and services to clients across U.S. based businesses including Wells Fargo Advisors, The Private Bank, Abbot Downing, Wells Fargo Institutional Retirement and Trust, and Wells Fargo Asset Management. We deliver financial planning, private banking, credit, investment management and fiduciary services toaffluent, high-net worth and ultra-high-net worth individualsclients. We operate through financial advisors in our brokerage and families. We also serve clients’ brokerage needs, supply retirementwealth
offices, consumer bank branches, independent offices, and trust services to institutional clientsdigitally through WellsTrade® and Intuitive Investor®. Table 5g and Table 5h provide investment management capabilities delivered to global institutional clients through separate accounts and the Wells Fargo Funds. Table 4c provides additional financial information for WIM.Wealth and Investment Management.
Table 4c:5g:Wealth and Investment Management
 Quarter ended Sep 30,    Nine months ended Sep 30,   
(in millions, except average balances which are in billions)2017
 2016
 % Change 2017
 2016
 % Change
Net interest income$1,159
 977
 19 % $3,360
 2,852
 18 %
Noninterest income:           
Service charges on deposit accounts2
 5
 (60) 12
 15
 (20)
Trust and investment fees:           
Brokerage advisory, commissions and other fees2,241
 2,256
 (1) 6,741
 6,618
 2
Trust and investment management718
 738
 (3) 2,138
 2,168
 (1)
Investment banking (1)(1) 
 NM
 (3) (1) NM
Total trust and investment fees2,958
 2,994
 (1) 8,876
 8,785
 1
Card fees1
 2
 (50) 4
 5
 (20)
Other fees5
 4
 25
 14
 13
 8
Mortgage banking(2) (2) 
 (7) (6) (17)
Insurance21
 
 NM
 63
 
 NM
Net gains from trading activities71
 80
 (11) 220
 144
 53
Net gains on debt securities2
 
 NM
 2
 1
 NM
Net gains from equity investments3
 5
 (40) 6
 7
 (14)
Other income of the segment26
 34
 (24) 71
 56
 27
Total noninterest income3,087
 3,122
 (1) 9,261
 9,020
 3
            
Total revenue4,246
 4,099
 4
 12,621
 11,872
 6
            
Provision (reversal of provision) for credit losses(1) 4
 NM
 2
 (8) 125
Noninterest expense:           
Personnel expense1,983
 1,966
 1
 6,068
 5,902
 3
Equipment
 12
 (100) 20
 40
 (50)
Net occupancy108
 111
 (3) 323
 332
 (3)
Core deposit and other intangibles74
 75
 (1) 219
 225
 (3)
FDIC and other deposit assessments39
 44
 (11) 118
 106
 11
Outside professional services198
 241
 (18) 613
 668
 (8)
Operating losses16
 (1) NM
 81
 17
 376
Other expense of the segment688
 551
 25
 1,945
 1,727
 13
Total noninterest expense3,106
 2,999
 4
 9,387
 9,017
 4
Income before income tax expense and noncontrolling interests1,141
 1,096
 4
 3,232
 2,863
 13
Income tax expense427
 415
 3
 1,206
 1,087
 11
Net income from noncontrolling interests4
 4
 
 11
 3
 267
Net income$710
 677
 5
 $2,015
 1,773
 14
Average loans$72.4
 68.4
 6
 $71.6
 66.4
 8
Average deposits188.1
 189.2
 (1) 190.6
 185.4
 3
Quarter ended Mar 31,
($ in millions, unless otherwise noted)20222021$ Change% Change
Income Statement
Net interest income$799 657 142 22 %
Noninterest income:
Investment advisory and other asset-based fees2,476 2,306 170 
Commissions and brokerage services fees454 555 (101)(18)
Other28 26 
Total noninterest income2,958 2,887 71 
Total revenue3,757 3,544 213 
Net charge-offs(4)— (4)NM
Change in the allowance for credit losses(33)(43)10 23 
Provision for credit losses(37)(43)14 
Noninterest expense3,175 3,028 147 
Income before income tax expense619 559 60 11 
Income tax expense154 140 14 10 
Net income$465 419 46 11 
Selected Metrics
Return on allocated capital21.0 %18.9 
Efficiency ratio85 85 
Headcount (#) (period-end)25,165 27,993 (10)
Advisory assets ($ in billions)$912 885 27 
Other brokerage assets and deposits ($ in billions)1,168 1,177 (9)(1)
Total client assets ($ in billions)$2,080 2,062 18 
Annualized revenue per advisor ($ in thousands) (1)1,221 1,058 163 15 
Total financial and wealth advisors (#) (period-end)12,250 13,277 (8)
Selected Balance Sheet Data (average)
Total loans$84,765 80,839 3,926 
Total deposits185,814 173,678 12,136 
Allocated capital8,750 8,750 — — 
Selected Balance Sheet Data (period-end)
Total loans$84,688 81,175 3,513 
Total deposits183,727 175,999 7,728 
NM – Not meaningful
(1)Represents annualized segment total revenue divided by average total financial and wealth advisors for the period.
First quarter 2022 vs. first quarter 2021
Revenue increased driven by:
higher investment advisory and other asset-based fees due to higher market valuations on WIM advisory assets; and
higher net interest income reflecting higher interest rates, as well as higher deposit and loan balances;
partially offset by:
lower commissions and brokerage services fees due to lower transactional revenue.
Noninterest expense increased driven by higher personnel expense due to higher revenue-related compensation expense.
Total loans (average) increased due to higher securities-based loan balances.

Total deposits (average) increased due to higher levels of customer liquidity.

(1)Includes syndication and underwriting fees paid to Wells Fargo Securities which are offset in our Wholesale Banking segment.& Company19

WIM reported net income of $710 million in third quarter 2017, up $33 million from third quarter 2016. Net income for the first nine months of 2017 was $2.0 billion, up $242 million, or 14%, compared with the same period a year ago. Revenue was up $147 million, or 4%, from third quarter 2016, due to an increase in net interest income, and up $749 million, or 6%, from the first nine months of 2016, resulting from increases in both net interest

Earnings Performance (continued)
income and noninterest income. Net interest income increased 19% from third quarter 2016 and 18% from the first nine months of 2016, due to higher interest rates and growth in investment securities and loan balances. Noninterest income decreased 1% from third quarter 2016 substantially driven by lower brokerage transaction revenue, and increased 3% from the first nine months of 2016 substantially driven by higher asset-based fees and

deferred compensation plan investments (offset in employee benefits expense), partially offset by lower brokerage transaction revenue. Asset-based fees were up predominantly dueWIM Advisory Assets In addition to higher brokerage advisory account client assets driven by higher market valuations and positive net flows. Average loans of $72.4 billion in third quarter 2017 increased 6% from third quarter 2016. Average loans in the first nine months of 2017 increased 8% from the same period a year ago. Average loan growth was driven by growth in non-conforming mortgage loans. Average deposits in third quarter 2017 of $188.1 billion decreased 1% from third quarter 2016. Average deposits in the first nine months of 2017 increased 3% from the same period a year ago. Noninterest expense was up 4% from both the third quarter and first nine months of 2016, due to higher expenses allocated from Community Banking related to increased project and technology spending on regulatory and compliance related initiatives, and higher broker commissions mainly due to higher brokerage revenue. The increase in noninterest expense from the first nine months of 2016 was also affected by higher deferred compensation plan expense (offset in trading revenue). Total provision for credit losses decreased $5 million from third quarter 2016 driven by lower net charge-offs, and increased $10 million from the first nine months of 2016 driven by higher
net charge-offs.
The following discussions provide additional information for client assets we oversee in our retail brokerage advisory and trust and investment management business lines.

Retail Brokerage Client Assets Brokerage advisory, commissions and other fees are received for providing full-service and discount brokerage services predominantly to retail brokerage clients. Offeringtransactional accounts, WIM offers advisory account relationships to our brokerage clients is an important component of our broader strategy of meeting their financial needs. Although a majority of our retail brokerage client assets are in accounts that earn brokerage commissions, the fees from those accounts generally represent transactional commissions based on the number and size of transactions executed at the client’s direction.customers. Fees earned from advisory accounts are asset-based and dependbased on changes ina percentage of the market value of the client’s assets as of the beginning of the quarter, which vary across the account types based on the distinct services provided, and are affected by investment performance as well as the level of assets resulting fromasset inflows and outflows. A majority of our brokerage advisory, commissions and other fee income is earned from advisory accounts. Table 4d shows advisory account client assets as a percentage of total retail brokerage client assets at September 30, 2017 and 2016.
Table 4d:Retail Brokerage Client Assets
 September 30, 
(in billions)2017
 2016
Retail brokerage client assets$1,612.1
 1,483.3
Advisory account client assets521.8
 458.3
Advisory account client assets as a percentage of total client assets32% 31
Retail Brokerage advisoryAdvisory accounts include assets that are financial advisor-directed and separately managed by third-party managers, as well as certain client-directed brokerage assets where we earn a fee for advisory and other services, but do not have investment discretion. These advisory accounts generate fees as
WIM also manages personal trust and other assets for high net worth clients, with fee income earned based on a percentage of the market value of these assets. Table 5h presents advisory assets activity by WIM line of business. Management believes that advisory assets is a useful metric because it allows management, investors, and others to assess how changes in asset amounts may impact the assets, which vary across the account types based on the distinct services provided,
generation of certain asset-based fees.
For first quarter 2022 and are affected by investment performance as well as asset inflows and outflows. For the third quarter and first nine months of 2017 and 2016,2021, the average fee rate by account type ranged from 8050 to 120 basis points.
Table 4e presents retail brokerage5h:WIM Advisory Assets
Quarter ended
(in billions)Balance, beginning of periodInflows (1)Outflows (2)Market impact (3)Balance, end of period
March 31, 2022
Client-directed (4)$205.6 8.8 (10.2)(10.5)193.7 
Financial advisor-directed (5)255.5 12.6 (9.9)(11.0)247.2 
Separate accounts (6)203.3 7.5 (7.0)(11.0)192.8 
Mutual fund advisory (7)102.1 3.2 (4.0)(6.2)95.1 
Total Wells Fargo Advisors$766.5 32.1 (31.1)(38.7)728.8 
The Private Bank (8)198.0 7.4 (11.7)(10.1)183.6 
Total WIM advisory assets$964.5 39.5 (42.8)(48.8)912.4 
March 31, 2021
Client-directed (4)$186.3 10.6 (9.8)5.6 192.7 
Financial advisor-directed (5)211.0 12.3 (9.0)9.1 223.4 
Separate accounts (6)174.6 8.5 (7.0)7.0 183.1 
Mutual fund advisory (7)91.4 4.0 (3.5)2.8 94.7 
Total Wells Fargo Advisors$663.3 35.4 (29.3)24.5 693.9 
The Private Bank (8)189.4 8.9 (12.5)5.7 191.5 
Total WIM advisory assets$852.7 44.3 (41.8)30.2 885.4 
(1)Inflows include new advisory account assets, contributions, dividends and interest.
(2)Outflows include closed advisory account assets, withdrawals and client management fees.
(3)Market impact reflects gains and losses on portfolio investments.
(4)Investment advice and other services are provided to client, but decisions are made by the client and the fees earned are based on a percentage of the advisory account assets, activitynot the number and size of transactions executed by account type for the third quarter and first nine months of 2017 and 2016.
client.
Table 4e:Retail Brokerage Advisory Account Client Assets
 Quarter ended  Nine months ended 
(in billions)Balance, beginning of period
Inflows (1)
Outflows (2)
Market impact (3)
Balance, end of period
 Balance, beginning of period
Inflows (1)
Outflows (2)
Market impact (3)
Balance, end of period
September 30, 2017           
Client directed (4)$163.8
8.2
(8.9)3.7
166.8
 159.1
28.5
(30.1)9.3
166.8
Financial advisor directed (5)131.7
6.7
(5.2)6.0
139.2
 115.7
23.0
(17.4)17.9
139.2
Separate accounts (6)137.7
5.6
(5.0)4.7
143.0
 125.7
20.1
(17.2)14.4
143.0
Mutual fund advisory (7)69.3
3.2
(2.3)2.6
72.8
 63.3
9.9
(8.0)7.6
72.8
Total advisory client assets$502.5
23.7
(21.4)17.0
521.8
 463.8
81.5
(72.7)49.2
521.8
September 30, 2016           
Client directed (4)$158.5
9.2
(9.5)3.1
161.3
 154.7
27.4
(27.7)6.9
161.3
Financial advisor directed (5)104.2
6.3
(4.7)4.7
110.5
 91.9
21.4
(13.5)10.7
110.5
Separate accounts (6)118.9
6.0
(5.6)3.5
122.8
 110.4
19.0
(15.6)9.0
122.8
Mutual fund advisory (7)62.1
2.2
(2.6)2.0
63.7
 62.9
6.1
(8.5)3.2
63.7
Total advisory client assets$443.7
23.7
(22.4)13.3
458.3
 419.9
73.9
(65.3)29.8
458.3
(1)Inflows include new advisory account assets, contributions, dividends and interest.
(2)Outflows include closed advisory account assets, withdrawals, and client management fees.
(3)Market impact reflects gains and losses on portfolio investments.
(4)Investment advice and other services are provided to client, but decisions are made by the client and the fees earned are based on a percentage of the advisory account assets, not the number and size of transactions executed by the client.
(5)(5)Professionally managed portfolios with fees earned based on respective strategies and as a percentage of certain client assets.
(6)Professional advisory portfolios managed by Wells Fargo Asset Management advisors or third-party asset managers. Fees are earned based on a percentage of certain client assets.
(7)Program with portfolios constructed of load-waived, no-load and institutional share class mutual funds. Fees are earned based on a percentage of certain client assets.

Earnings Performance (continued)




Trust and Investment Client Assets Under Management We earn trust and investment management fees from managing and administering assets, including mutual funds, institutional separate accounts, personal trust, employee benefit trust and agency assets through our asset management, wealth and retirement businesses. Our asset management business is conducted by Wells Fargo Asset Management (WFAM), which offers Wells Fargo proprietary mutual funds and manages institutional separate accounts. Our wealth business manages assets for high net worth clients, and our retirement business
provides total retirement management, investments, and trust and custody solutions tailored to meet the needs of institutional clients. Substantially all of our trust and investment management fee income is earned from AUM where we have discretionary management authority over the investments and generate fees as a percentage of the market valuecertain client assets.
(6)Professional advisory portfolios managed by third-party asset managers. Fees are earned based on a percentage of the AUM. Table 4f presents AUM activity for the third quartercertain client assets.
(7)Program with portfolios constructed of load-waived, no-load and first nine monthsinstitutional share class mutual funds. Fees are earned based on a percentage of 2017certain client assets.
(8)Discretionary and 2016.non-discretionary portfolios held in personal trusts, investment agency, or custody accounts with fees earned based on a percentage of client assets.
Table 4f:WIM Trust and Investment – Assets Under Management
 Quarter ended 
Nine months ended 
(in billions)Balance, beginning of period
Inflows (1)
Outflows (2)
Market impact (3)
Balance, end of period
 Balance, beginning of period
Inflows (1)
Outflows (2)
Market impact (3)
Balance, end of period
September 30, 2017           
Assets managed by WFAM (4):    

      
Money market funds (5)$94.7
7.7


102.4
 102.6

(0.2)
102.4
Other assets managed392.5
25.4
(31.2)7.3
394.0
 379.6
89.0
(98.8)24.2
394.0
Assets managed by Wealth and Retirement (6)175.6
10.1
(8.7)4.0
181.0
 168.5
29.5
(29.1)12.1
181.0
Total assets under management$662.8
43.2
(39.9)11.3
677.4
 650.7
118.5
(128.1)36.3
677.4
September 30, 2016           
Assets managed by WFAM (4):
 
 
      
Money market funds (5)$108.9
7.4


116.3
 123.6

(7.3)
116.3
Other assets managed374.9
31.0
(30.3)6.2
381.8
 366.1
86.9
(85.2)14.0
381.8
Assets managed by Wealth and Retirement (6)164.6
8.4
(7.4)3.1
168.7
 162.1
25.7
(25.4)6.3
168.7
Total assets under management$648.4
46.8
(37.7)9.3
666.8
 651.8
112.6
(117.9)20.3
666.8
(1)20Inflows include new managed account assets, contributions, dividends and interest.Wells Fargo & Company


Corporate includes corporate treasury and enterprise functions, net of allocations (including funds transfer pricing, capital, liquidity and certain expenses), in support of the reportable operating segments, as well as our investment portfolio and affiliated venture capital and private equity businesses. In addition, Corporate includes all restructuring charges related to our efficiency initiatives. See Note 19 (Restructuring Charges) to
Financial Statements in this Report for additional information on restructuring charges. Corporate also includes certain lines of business that management has determined are no longer consistent with the long-term strategic goals of the Company, as well as results for previously divested businesses. Table 5i and
Table 5j provide additional information for Corporate.
Table 5i:Corporate – Income Statement and Selected Metrics
Quarter ended Mar 31,
($ in millions, unless otherwise noted)20222021$ Change% Change
Income Statement
Net interest income$(818)(390)(428)NM
Noninterest income806 1,417 (611)(43)%
Total revenue(12)1,027 (1,039)NM
Net charge-offs(6)77 (83)NM
Change in the allowance for credit losses(14)20 (34)NM
Provision for credit losses(20)97 (117)NM
Noninterest expense786 1,231 (445)(36)
Loss before income tax benefit(778)(301)(477)NM
Income tax benefit(227)(275)48 17 
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests (1)128 53 75 142 
Net loss$(679)(79)(600)NM
Selected Metrics
Headcount (#) (period-end)82,363 84,238 (2)
NM – Not meaningful
(1)Reflects results attributable to noncontrolling interests predominantly associated with the Company’s consolidated venture capital investments.
First quarter 2022 vs. first quarter 2021
Revenue decreased driven by:
lower net interest income due to higher deposit crediting rates paid to the operating segments, as well as the sales of our student loan portfolio and our Corporate Trust Services business in 2021;
lower investment advisory and other asset-based fees due to divestitures in fourth quarter 2021;
a gain on the sale of a portion of our student loan portfolio in first quarter 2021; and
lower gains from debt securities due to lower gains on sales of agency MBS as a result of decreased sales volumes;
partially offset by:
higher unrealized gains on nonmarketable equity securities from our affiliated venture capital and private equity businesses and higher realized gains on the sales of equity securities, partially offset by higher impairment.

Provision for credit losses reflected lower net charge-offs.

Noninterest expense decreased due to:
the impact of business divestitures; and
a write-down of goodwill in first quarter 2021 related to the sale of a portion of our student loan portfolio.

Corporate includes our rail car leasing business, which had long-lived operating lease assets (as a lessor) of $5.0 billion, which was net of $2.2 billion of accumulated depreciation, as of March 31, 2022. The average age of our rail cars is 22 years and the rail cars are typically leased under short-term leases of 3 to 5 years. Our three largest concentrations, which represented 55% of our rail car fleet as of March 31, 2022, were rail cars used for the transportation of agricultural grain, coal, and cement/sand products. Impairment may result in the future based on changing economic and market conditions affecting the long-term demand and utility of specific types of rail cars. Our assumptions for impairment are sensitive to estimated utilization and rental rates, as well as the estimated economic life of the leased asset. For additional information on the accounting for impairment of operating lease assets, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in our 2021 Form 10-K.
As of March 31, 2022, we completed the transition of substantially all of the assets under management and assets under administration for Institutional Retirement and Trust client assets to the buyer pursuant to a transition services agreement.
(2)Outflows include closed managed account assets, withdrawals and client management fees.Wells Fargo & Company21


Earnings Performance (continued)
Table 5j: Corporate – Balance Sheet
Quarter ended Mar 31,
(in millions)20222021$ Change% Change
Selected Balance Sheet Data (average)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$178,747 222,799 (44,052)(20)%
Available-for-sale debt securities156,756 200,421 (43,665)(22)
Held-to-maturity debt securities275,510 217,346 58,164 27 
Equity securities15,760 10,904 4,856 45 
Total loans9,292 10,228 (936)(9)
Total assets687,341 727,628 (40,287)(6)
Total deposits27,039 46,490 (19,451)(42)
Selected Balance Sheet Data (period-end)
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$175,201 257,887 (82,686)(32)
Available-for-sale debt securities157,164 188,724 (31,560)(17)
Held-to-maturity debt securities277,965 231,352 46,613 20 
Equity securities16,137 11,093 5,044 45 
Total loans9,101 10,516 (1,415)(13)
Total assets682,912 753,899 (70,987)(9)
Total deposits23,715 42,487 (18,772)(44)
First quarter 2022 vs. first quarter 2021
Total assets (average and period-end) decreased due to:
a decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash managed by corporate treasury as a result of an increase in loans and a decrease in long-term debt and short-term borrowings, partially offset by an increase in deposits from the operating segments;
a decline in available-for-sale debt securities related to portfolio rebalancing to manage liquidity and interest rate risk; and
a decline in loans as a result of the sale of our student loan portfolio in 2021;
partially offset by:
an increase in held-to-maturity debt securities related to portfolio rebalancing to manage liquidity and interest rate risk; and
an increase in equity securities related to our affiliated venture capital business.

Total deposits (average and period-end) decreased reflecting actions taken to manage under the asset cap.
(3)22Market impact reflects gains and losses on portfolio investments.Wells Fargo & Company


(4)Assets managed by WFAM consist of equity, alternative, balanced, fixed income, money market, and stable value, and include client assets that are managed or sub-advised on behalf of other Wells Fargo lines of business.
(5)Money Market funds activity is presented on a net inflow or net outflow basis, because the gross flows are not meaningful nor used by management as an indicator of performance.
(6)
Includes $5.7 billion and $7.7 billion as of September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively, of client assets invested in proprietary funds managed by WFAM.


Balance Sheet Analysis
At September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, our assets totaled $1.93$1.94 trillion, up $4.8down $8.4 billion from December 31, 2016. Asset growth was predominantly driven by growth in trading assets and investment securities, which increased $14.0 billion and $6.7 billion, respectively, from December 31, 2016, partially offset by a $15.7 billion decrease in loans. Total equity growth of $6.3 billion from December 31, 2016, was the predominant source that funded our asset growth from December 31, 2016. Equity growth benefited from $8.7 billion in earnings net of dividends paid.2021.
The following discussion provides additional information about the major components of our consolidated balance sheet. Information regarding our capital andSee the “Capital Management” section in this Report for information on changes in our asset mix is included in the “Earnings Performance – Net Interest Income”equity.
Available-for-Sale and “Capital Management” sections and Note 19 (Regulatory and Agency Capital Requirements) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities

Investment Securities
Table 5:Investment Securities – Summary
 September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
(in millions)Amortized Cost
 
Net
 unrealized
gain (loss)

 Fair value
 Amortized Cost
 
Net
unrealized
gain (loss)

 Fair value
Available-for-sale securities:  




      
Debt securities$269,779
 1,538
 271,317
 309,447
 (2,294) 307,153
Marketable equity securities606
 287
 893
 706
 505
 1,211
Total available-for-sale securities270,385
 1,825
 272,210
 310,153
 (1,789) 308,364
Held-to-maturity debt securities142,423
 395
 142,818
 99,583
 (428) 99,155
Total investment securities (1)$412,808
 2,220
 415,028
 409,736
 (2,217) 407,519
Table 6:Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities
(1)Available-for-sale securities are carried on the balance sheet at fair value. Held-to-maturity securities are carried on the balance sheet at amortized cost.
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
($ in millions)Amortized
cost, net (1)
Net
 unrealized gains (losses)
Fair valueWeighted
average expected maturity (yrs)
Amortized
cost, net (1)
Net
 unrealized gains (losses)
Fair valueWeighted average expected maturity (yrs)
Available-for-sale (2)173,118 (4,682)168,436 5.9 175,463 1,781 177,244 5.2 
Held-to-maturity (3)280,808 (16,167)264,641 7.6 272,022 364 272,386 6.3 
Total$453,926 (20,849)433,077 n/a447,485 2,145 449,630 n/a
(1)Represents amortized cost of the securities, net of the allowance for credit losses of $9 million and $8 million related to available-for-sale debt securities and $84 million and $96 million related to held-to-maturity debt securities at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
(2)Available-for-sale debt securities are carried on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value.
(3)Held-to-maturity debt securities are carried on the consolidated balance sheet at amortized cost, net of the allowance for credit losses.
Table 56 presents a summary of our investment securities portfolio which increased $6.7 billionof investments in balance sheet carrying value from December 31, 2016, predominantly due to purchases of federal agency mortgage-backed securities, partially offset by salesavailable-for-sale (AFS) and paydownsheld-to-maturity (HTM) debt securities. See the “Balance Sheet Analysis – Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities” section in our 2021 Form 10-K for information on other security classes including securities of U.S. treasury and federal agencies and mortgage-backed securities.
The total net unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities were $1.8 billion at September 30, 2017, up from net unrealized losses of $1.8 billion at December 31, 2016, primarily due to lower long-term interest rates, tighter credit spreads and the transfer of available-for-sale securities to held-to-maturity. For a discussion of our investment management objectives and practices see the “Balance Sheet Analysis” section in our 2016 Form 10-K. Also, seeand the “Risk Management – Asset/Liability Management” section in this Report for information on our use of investments to manage liquidity and interest rate risk.
We analyze securitiesThe amortized cost, net of the allowance for other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) quarterly or more often if a potential loss-triggering event occurs. Of the $293 million in OTTI write-downs recognized in earnings in the first nine monthscredit losses, of 2017, $107 million related toAFS and HTM debt securities $5 million relatedincreased from December 31, 2021. We continued to marketable equitypurchase AFS and HTM debt securities, including HTM debt securities through securitizations of LHFS, which are includedmore than offset portfolio runoff and AFS debt security sales. In addition, we transferred $14.7 billion of AFS debt securities to HTM debt securities in available-for-salefirst quarter 2022 due to actions taken to reposition the overall portfolio for capital management purposes.
The total net unrealized gains (losses) on AFS and HTM debt securities decreased from December 31, 2021, driven by higher interest rates and $181 million related to nonmarketable equity investments, which are included in other assets. OTTI write-downs recognized in earnings related to oil and gas investments totaled $77 million in the first nine months of 2017, of which $24 million related to investment securities and $53 million related to nonmarketable equity investments. For a discussion of our OTTI accounting policies and underlying considerations and analysis see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K and Note 4 (Investment Securities) to Financial Statements in this Report.wider credit spreads.
At September 30, 2017, investmentMarch 31, 2022, 98% of the combined AFS and HTM debt securities included $59.1 billion of municipal bonds, of which 95.9% wereportfolio was rated “A-”AA- or betterabove. Ratings are based largely on external ratings where available and, in some cases,where not available, based on internal ratings. Additionally, some of the securities in our total municipal
bond portfolio are guaranteed against loss by bond insurers. These guaranteed bonds are predominantly investment grade and were generally underwritten in accordance with our own investment standards prior to the determination to purchase, without relying on the bond insurer’s guarantee in making the investment decision. The credit quality of our municipal bond holdings are monitored as part of our ongoing impairment analysis.
The weighted-average expected maturity of debt securities available-for-sale was 6.8 years at September 30, 2017. The expected remaining maturity is shorter than the remaining contractual maturity for the 59% of this portfolio that is MBS because borrowers generally have the right to prepay obligations before the underlying mortgages mature. The estimated effects of a 200 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates on the fair value and the expected remaining maturity of the MBS available-for-sale portfolio are shown in Table 6.
Table 6:Mortgage-Backed Securities Available for Sale
(in billions)Fair value
 Net unrealized gain (loss)
 
Expected remaining maturity
(in years)

At September 30, 2017     
Actual$161.2
 0.8
 6.5
Assuming a 200 basis point:     
Increase in interest rates143.9
 (16.5) 8.5
Decrease in interest rates167.4
 7.0
 2.6
The weighted-average expected maturity of debt securities held-to-maturity was 6.5 years at September 30, 2017.grades. See Note 4 (Investment3 (Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information on AFS and HTM debt securities, including a summary of investmentdebt securities by security type.
Wells Fargo & Company23


Balance Sheet Analysis (continued)(continued)


Loan Portfolios
Table 7 provides a summary of total outstanding loans by portfolio segment. TotalCommercial loans decreased $15.7 billionincreased from December 31, 2016, reflecting2021, predominantly due to an increase in the commercial and industrial loan portfolio, driven by higher loan demand resulting in increased originations and loan draws, partially offset by paydowns. Consumer loans increased from
December 31, 2021, predominantly driven by an increase in the residential mortgage – first lien portfolio due to loan originations of $18.4 billion, partially offset by loan paydowns a continued decline in
juniorand the transfer of first lien mortgage loans and an expected declineto loans held for sale (LHFS), substantially all of which related to the sales of loans purchased from GNMA loan securitization pools in automobile loans as the effect of tighter underwriting standards implemented last year resulted in lower origination volume.prior periods.
Table 7:Loan Portfolios
(in millions)September 30, 2017
 December 31, 2016
(in millions)March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Commercial$500,150
 506,536
Commercial$526,714 513,120 
Consumer451,723
 461,068
Consumer385,093 382,274 
Total loans$951,873
 967,604
Total loans$911,807 895,394 
Change from prior year-end$(15,731) 51,045
Change from prior year-end$16,413 7,757 
A discussion of averageAverage loan balances and a comparative detail of average loan balances is included in Table 1 under “Earnings Performance – Net Interest Income” earlier in this Report. Additional information on total loans outstanding by portfolio segment and class of financing receivable is included in the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management” section in this Report. Period-end balances and other loan related
information are in Note 54 (Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Table 8 showsSee the “Balance Sheet Analysis – Loan Portfolios” section in our 2021 Form 10-K for additional information regarding contractual loan maturities for loan categories normally not subject to regular periodic principal reduction and the contractual distribution of loans in those categories to changes in interest rates.
Table 8:Maturities for Selected Commercial Loan Categories
  September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
(in millions) 
Within
one
 year

 
After one
year
through
five years

 
After
 five
years

 Total
 
Within
one
year

 
After one
year
through
 five years

 
After
five
years

 Total
Selected loan maturities:                
Commercial and industrial $98,776
 203,785
 25,383
 327,944
 105,421
 199,211
 26,208
 330,840
Real estate mortgage 19,720
 66,245
 42,510
 128,475
 22,713
 68,928
 40,850
 132,491
Real estate construction 10,431
 12,801
 1,288
 24,520
 9,576
 13,102
 1,238
 23,916
Total selected loans $128,927
 282,831
 69,181
 480,939
 137,710
 281,241
 68,296
 487,247
Distribution of loans to changes in interest
rates:
                
Loans at fixed interest rates $18,405
 28,261
 26,234
 72,900
 19,389
 29,748
 26,859
 75,996
Loans at floating/variable interest rates 110,522
 254,570
 42,947
 408,039
 118,321
 251,493
 41,437
 411,251
Total selected loans $128,927
 282,831
 69,181
 480,939
 137,710
 281,241
 68,296
 487,247

24Wells Fargo & Company



Deposits
Deposits were $1.3 trillion at September 30, 2017, up $627 milliondecreased from December 31, 2016, reflecting growth2021, reflecting:
lower interest-bearing demand deposits driven by the transition of client assets related to the sale of trust deposits, and
actions taken to manage under the asset cap resulting in retaildeclines in time deposits, and Treasury institutionalsuch as brokered certificates of deposit (CDs);
partially offset by:
higher savings deposits driven by lower wealth and commercial deposits. seasonality for items such as income tax refunds.

Table 9
8 provides additional information regarding deposits. Information regarding the impact of deposits on net interest income and a comparison of average deposit balances is provided in the “Earnings Performance – Net Interest Income” section and Table 1 earlier in this Report.
Table 9:8:Deposits
($ in millions)Mar 31,
2022
% of
total
deposits
Dec 31,
2021
% of
total 
deposits 
% Change
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits$529,957 36 %$527,748 36 %— 
Interest-bearing demand deposits457,238 31 465,887 31 (2)
Savings deposits447,096 30 439,600 30 
Time deposits26,089 2 29,461 (11)
Interest-bearing deposits in non-U.S. offices20,974 1 19,783 
Total deposits$1,481,354 100 %$1,482,479 100 %— 

($ in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 
% of
total
deposits

 Dec 31,
2016

 % of
total
deposits

 

% Change

Noninterest-bearing$366,528
 28% $375,967
 29% (3)
Interest-bearing checking47,366
 4
 49,403
 4
 (4)
Market rate and other savings687,323
 52
 687,846
 52
 
Savings certificates21,396
 2
 23,968
 2
 (11)
Other time deposits66,884
 5
 52,649
 4
 27
Deposits in foreign offices (1)117,209
 9
 116,246
 9
 1
Total deposits$1,306,706
 100% $1,306,079
 100% 
(1)Includes Eurodollar sweep balances of $72.8 billion and $74.8 billion at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively.Wells Fargo & Company25


Fair Value of Financial Instruments
We use fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain financial instruments and to determine fair value disclosures. See our 2016 Form 10-K for a description of our critical accounting policy related to fair value of financial instruments and a discussion of our fair value measurement techniques.
Table 10 presents the summary of the fair value of financial instruments recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, and the amounts measured using significant Level 3 inputs (before derivative netting adjustments). The fair value of the remaining assets and liabilities were measured using valuation methodologies involving market-based or market-derived information (collectively Level 1 and 2 measurements).
Table 10:Fair Value Level 3 Summary

 September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
($ in billions)
Total
balance

 Level 3 (1)
 
Total
balance

 Level 3 (1)
Assets carried
at fair value
$407.9
 24.1
 436.3
 23.5
As a percentage
of total assets
21% 1
 23
 1
Liabilities carried
at fair value
$28.6
 2.0
 30.9
 1.7
As a percentage of
total liabilities
2% *
 2
 *
* Less than 1%.
(1)Before derivative netting adjustments.

See Note 13 (Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information on fair value measurements and a description of the Level 1, 2 and 3 fair value hierarchy.

Equity
Total equity was $206.8 billion at September 30, 2017, compared with $200.5 billion at December 31, 2016. The increase was predominantly driven by a $8.7 billion increase in retained earnings from earnings net of dividends paid, partially offset by a net reduction in common stock due to repurchases.




Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
In the ordinary course of business, we engage in financial transactions that are not recorded on the consolidated balance sheet, or may be recorded on the consolidated balance sheet in amounts that are different from the full contract or notional amount of the transaction. Our off-balance sheet arrangements include commitments to lend and purchase debt and equity securities, transactions with unconsolidated entities, guarantees, derivatives, and other commitments. These transactions are designed to (1) meet the financial needs of customers, (2) manage our credit, market or liquidity risks, and/or (3) diversify our funding sources.

Commitments to Lend and Purchase Securities
We enter into commitments to lend funds to customers, which are usually at a stated interest rate, if funded, and for specific purposes and time periods. When we makeenter into commitments, we are exposed to credit risk. However, theThe maximum credit risk for these commitments will generally be lower than the contractual amount because a significant portion of these commitments is expected to expire without being used by the customer.are not funded. For moreadditional information, on lending commitments, see Note 54 (Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report. We also enter into commitments to purchase securities under resale agreements. For more information on commitments to purchase securities under resale agreements, see Note 3 (Federal Funds Sold, Securities Purchased under Resale Agreements and Other Short-Term Investments) to Financial Statements in this Report.

Transactions with Unconsolidated Entities
In the normal course of business, we enter into various types of on- and off-balance sheet transactions with special purpose entities (SPEs), which are corporations, trusts, limited liability companies or partnerships that are established for a limited purpose. Generally, SPEs are formed in connection with securitization transactions and are considered variable interest entities (VIEs). For moreadditional information, on securitizations, including sales proceeds and cash flows from securitizations, see Note 78 (Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Guarantees and Certain ContingentOther Arrangements
Guarantees are contracts that contingently require us to make payments to a guaranteed party based on an event or a change in an underlying asset, liability, rate or index. Guarantees are generally in the form of standby and direct pay letters of credit, securities lending and other indemnifications, written put options, recourse obligations, exchange and clearing house guarantees, indemnifications, and other types of similar arrangements. For moreadditional information, on guarantees and certain contingent arrangements, see Note 1011 (Guarantees Pledged Assets and Collateral)Other Commitments) to Financial Statements in this Report.


Commitments to Purchase Debt and Equity Securities
We enter into commitments to purchase securities under resale agreements. We also may enter into commitments to purchase debt and equity securities to provide capital for customers’ funding, liquidity or other future needs. For additional information, see Note 11 (Guarantees and Other Commitments) to Financial Statements in this Report.

Derivatives
We use derivatives to manage exposure to market risk, including interest rate risk, credit risk and foreign currency risk, and to assist customers with their risk management objectives. Derivatives are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value, and volume can be measured in terms of the notional amount, which is generally not exchanged, but is used only as the basis on which interest and other payments are determined. The notional amount is not recorded on the consolidated balance sheet and is not, when viewed in isolation, a meaningful measure of the risk profile of the instruments. For moreadditional information, on derivatives, see Note 1214 (Derivatives) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Other Commitments
We also have other off-balance sheet transactions, including obligations to make rental payments under noncancelable operating leases and commitments to purchase certain debt and equity securities. Our operating lease obligations are discussed in Note 7 (Premises, Equipment, Lease Commitments and Other Assets) to Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K. For more information on commitments to purchase debt and equity securities, see the “Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements – Contractual Cash Obligations” section in our 2016 Form 10-K.


26Wells Fargo & Company


Risk Management
Wells Fargo manages a variety of risks that can significantly affect our financial performance and our ability to meet the expectations of our customers, stockholders,shareholders, regulators and other stakeholders. AmongWe continue to monitor our business, including our loan portfolios, for potential direct, indirect, and macro-economic impacts stemming from the risks that we manage are conduct risk, operational risk, credit risk,conflict in Ukraine and asset/liability management related risks, which include interest rate risk, market risk, liquidity risk, and funding related risks. We operate under a Board-level approved risk framework which outlines our company-wide approach to risk management and oversight, and describes the structures and practices employed to manage current and emerging risks inherent to Wells Fargo. any associated economic sanctions.
For moreadditional information about how we manage these risks,risk, see the “Risk Management” section in our 20162021 Form 10-K. The discussion that follows provides an update regarding these risks.
Conduct Risk Management
Our Board oversees the alignmentsupplements our discussion of team member conduct to the Company’s risk appetite (which the Board approves annually) and culture as reflected in our Vision and Values and Code of Ethics and Business Conduct. The Board’s Risk Committee has primary oversight responsibility for enterprise-wide conduct risk, while certain other Board committees have primary oversight responsibility for specific components of conduct risk.
At the management level, several committees have primary oversight responsibility for key elements of conduct risk, including internal investigations, sales practices oversight, complaints oversight, and ethics oversight. These management-level committees have escalation and informational reporting paths to the relevant Board committee.
Our Conduct Management Office, which reports to our Chief Risk Officer and has an informational reporting path to the Board's Risk Committee, is responsible for fostering and promoting an enterprise-wide culture of prudent conduct risk management and compliance with internal directives, rules, regulations, and regulatory expectations throughout the Company and to provide assurance that the Company’s internal operations and its treatment of customers and other external stakeholders are safe and sound, fair, and ethical.

Operational Risk Management
Operational risk is the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal controls and processes, people and systems, or resulting from external events. These losses may be caused by events such as fraud, breaches of customer privacy, business disruptions, vendors that do not adequately or appropriately perform their responsibilities, and regulatory fines and penalties.
Information security is a significant operational risk for financial institutions such as Wells Fargo, and includes the risk of losses resulting from cyber attacks. Wells Fargo and other financial institutions continue to be the target of various evolving and adaptive cyber attacks, including malware and denial-of-service, as part of an effort to disrupt the operations of financial institutions, potentially test their cybersecurity capabilities, or obtain confidential, proprietary or other information. Cyber attacks have also focused on targeting the infrastructure of the internet, causing the widespread unavailability of websites and degrading website performance. Wells Fargo has not experienced any material losses relating to these or other cyber attacks. Addressing cybersecuritycertain risks is a priority for Wells Fargo, and we continue to develop and enhance our controls, processes and systemscontained in order to protect our networks, computers, software and data from attack, damage or unauthorized access. We are
also proactively involved in industry cybersecurity efforts and working with other parties, including our third-party service providers and governmental agencies, to continue to enhance defenses and improve resiliency to cybersecurity threats. See the “Risk Factors”Management” section in our 20162021 Form 10-K for additional information regarding the risks associated with a failure or breach of our operational or security systems or infrastructure, including as a result of cyber attacks.10-K.

Credit Risk Management
We define credit risk as the risk of loss associated with a borrower or counterparty default (failure to meet obligations in accordance with agreed upon terms). Credit risk exists with many of ourthe Company’s assets and exposures such as loans, debt security holdings,securities, and certain derivatives,derivatives.
The Board’s Risk Committee has primary oversight responsibility for credit risk. A Credit Subcommittee of the Risk Committee assists the Risk Committee in providing oversight of credit risk. At the management level, Credit Risk, which is part of Independent Risk Management, has oversight responsibility for credit risk. Credit Risk reports to the Chief Risk Officer and loans. The following discussion focuses on oursupports periodic reports related to credit risk provided to the Board’s Risk Committee or its Credit Subcommittee.

Loan Portfolio Our loan portfolios which represent the largest component of assets on our consolidated balance sheet for which we have credit risk. Table 119 presents our total loans outstanding by portfolio segment and class of financing receivable.

Table 11:9:Total Loans Outstanding by Portfolio Segment and Class of Financing Receivable
(in millions)Sep 30, 2017
 Dec 31, 2016
(in millions)Mar 31, 2022Dec 31, 2021
Commercial:   Commercial:
Commercial and industrial$327,944
 330,840
Commercial and industrial$362,137 350,436 
Real estate mortgage128,475
 132,491
Real estate mortgage129,495 127,733 
Real estate construction24,520
 23,916
Real estate construction20,613 20,092 
Lease financing19,211
 19,289
Lease financing14,469 14,859 
Total commercial500,150
 506,536
Total commercial526,714 513,120 
Consumer:   Consumer:
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage280,173
 275,579
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage41,152
 46,237
Residential mortgage – first lienResidential mortgage – first lien245,242 242,270 
Residential mortgage – junior lienResidential mortgage – junior lien15,392 16,618 
Credit card36,249
 36,700
Credit card38,639 38,453 
Automobile55,455
 62,286
Other revolving credit and installment38,694
 40,266
AutoAuto57,083 56,659 
Other consumerOther consumer28,737 28,274 
Total consumer451,723
 461,068
Total consumer385,093 382,274 
Total loans$951,873
 967,604
Total loans$911,807 895,394 
We manage our credit risk by establishing what we believe are sound credit policies for underwriting new business, while monitoring and reviewing the performance of our existing loan portfolios. We employ various credit risk management and monitoring activities to mitigate risks associated with multiple risk factors affecting loans we hold could acquire or originate including:
Loan concentrations and related credit qualityquality;
Counterparty credit riskrisk;
Economic and market conditionsconditions;
Legislative or regulatory mandatesmandates;
Changes in interest ratesrates;
Merger and acquisition activitiesactivities; and
Reputation riskrisk.


In addition, the Company will continue to integrate climate considerations into its credit risk management activities.
Our credit risk management oversight process is governed centrally, but provides for decentralizeddirect management and accountability by our lines of business. Our overall credit process


includes comprehensive credit policies, disciplined credit underwriting, frequent and detailed risk measurement and modeling, extensive credit training programs, and a continual loan review and audit process.
A key to our credit risk management is adherence to a well-controlled underwriting process, which we believe is appropriate for the needs of our customers as well as investors who purchase the loans or securities collateralized by the loans.
Credit Quality OverviewSolidcreditCredit quality continued in thirdfirst quarter 2017, as our net charge-off rate remained low at 0.30% (annualized) of average total loans. We continued to benefit from improvements in the performance of our residential real estate portfolio as well as reduced losses in our oil and gas portfolio. In particular:2022 reflected:
Nonaccrual loans were $8.6$6.9 billion at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, down from $10.4$7.2 billion at December 31, 2016.2021. Commercial nonaccrual loans declineddecreased to $3.1$2.0 billion at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, compared with $4.1$2.4 billion at December 31, 2016,2021, and consumer nonaccrual loans declinedincreased to $5.5$4.9 billion at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, compared with $6.3$4.8 billion at December 31, 2016. The decline in consumer nonaccrual loans reflected an improved housing market, while the decline in commercial nonaccrual loans was predominantly driven by loans in our oil and gas portfolio.2021. Nonaccrual loans represented 0.91%0.75% of total loans at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, compared with 1.07%0.81% at December 31, 2016.
2021.
Net loan charge-offs (annualized) as a percentage of average total loans decreased to 0.30% in both the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with 0.33% and 0.37% in the same periods a year ago.Net charge-offs (annualized)(recoveries) as a percentage of our average commercial and consumer loan portfolios were 0.09%(0.02)% and 0.53% in the third quarter and 0.09% and 0.54% in the first nine months of 20170.35%, respectively, in first quarter 2022, compared with 0.17%0.13% and 0.51%0.37%, respectively, in the thirdfirst quarter and 0.22% and 0.52% in the first nine months of 2016.
2021.
Loans that are not government insured/guaranteed and 90 days or more past due and still accruing were$38 $267 million and $923$409 million in our commercial and consumer portfolios, respectively, at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, compared with $64$235 million and $908$424 million at December 31, 2016.
2021.
Our provision for credit losses for loans was $717(775) million and $1.9 billion in the thirdfirst quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively,2022, compared with $805 million and $3.0(1.1) billion in first quarter 2021.
The ACL for the same periods a year ago.
The allowance for credit losses totaled $12.1loans decreased to $12.7 billion,, or 1.27%1.39% of total loans, at September 30, 2017, down from $12.5March 31, 2022, compared with $13.8 billion,, or 1.30%1.54%, at December 31, 2016.
2021.

During third quarter 2017, Hurricanes Harvey, Irma and Maria caused considerable damage in several geographic markets where the Company has significant lending exposure. The impact was in both our commercial and consumer lending portfolios. Based on our analysis to date of the level of insurance coverage, types of loans, location, and potential damage to collateral, we believe the ultimate collectability of these loans will be impacted. Our allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2017 included $450 million for coverage of our preliminary estimate of potential hurricane-related losses. We will continue to assess the impact to our customers and our business as a result of the hurricanes and refine our estimates as more information becomes available. However, in light of the ongoing recovery challenges in Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria, it may take longer to assess the hurricane’s impact on our portfolios there.
We are still evaluating the impact on our portfolio from the California wildfires that occurred in October 2017.
Additional information on our loan portfolios and our credit quality trends follows.


PURCHASED CREDIT-IMPAIRED (PCI) LOANSLoans acquired with evidence of credit deterioration since their origination and where it is probable that we will not collect all contractually required principal and interest payments are PCI loans. Substantially all of our PCI loans were acquired in the Wachovia acquisition on December 31, 2008. PCI loans are recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition, and the historical allowance for credit losses related to these loans is not carried over. The carrying value of PCI loans at September 30, 2017, totaled $13.6 billion, compared with $16.7 billion at December 31, 2016, and $58.8 billion at December 31, 2008. The decrease from December 31, 2016, was due in part to higher prepayment trends observed in our Pick-a-Pay PCI portfolio, as home price appreciation and the resulting reduction in loan to collateral value ratios enabled more borrowers to qualify for refinancing options, as well as the sale of $569 million of Pick-a-Pay PCI loans in second quarter 2017. PCI loans are considered to be accruing due to the existence of the accretable yield amount, which represents the cash expected to be collected in excess of their carrying value, and not based on consideration given to contractual interest payments. The accretable yield at September 30, 2017, was $9.2 billion.
Wells Fargo & Company27
A nonaccretable difference is established for PCI loans to absorb losses expected on the contractual amounts of those loans in excess of the fair value recorded at the date of acquisition. Amounts absorbed by the nonaccretable difference do not affect the income statement or the allowance for credit losses. Since December 31, 2008, we have released $13.6 billion in nonaccretable difference, including $11.6 billion transferred from the nonaccretable difference to the accretable yield due to decreases in our initial estimate of loss on contractual amounts, and $2.0 billion released to income through loan resolutions. Also, we have provided $1.7 billion for losses on certain PCI loans or pools of PCI loans that have had credit-related decreases to cash flows expected to be collected. The net result is an $11.9 billion reduction from December 31, 2008, through September 30, 2017, in our initial projected losses of $41.0 billion on all PCI loans acquired in the Wachovia acquisition. At September 30, 2017, $454 million in nonaccretable difference remained to absorb losses on PCI loans.

For additional information on PCI loans, see the “RiskRisk Management – Credit Risk Management – Real Estate 1-4 Family First and Junior Lien Mortgage Loans – Pick-a-Pay Portfolio” section in this Report, Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K, and Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.(continued)



Significant Loan Portfolio ReviewsMeasuring and monitoring our credit risk is an ongoing process that tracks delinquencies, collateral values, FICOFair Isaac Corporation (FICO) scores, economic trends by geographic areas, loan-level risk grading for certain portfolios (typically commercial) and other indications of credit risk. Our credit risk monitoring process is designed to enable early identification of developing risk and to support our determination of an appropriate allowance for credit losses. The following discussion provides additional characteristics and analysis of our significant portfolios. See Note 54 (Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report for more analysis and credit metric information for each of the following portfolios.

COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL LOANS AND LEASE FINANCING
For purposes of portfolio risk management, we aggregate commercial and industrial loans and lease financing according to market segmentation and standard industry codes. We generally subject commercial and industrial loans and lease financing to individual risk assessment using our internal borrower and collateral quality ratings. Our ratings are aligned to regulatory definitions of pass and criticized categories with criticized divided betweensegmented among special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss categories.
The
We had $11.8 billion of the commercial and industrial loans and lease financing portfolio totaled $347.2 billion, or 36% of total loans, at September 30, 2017. The annualized net charge-off rate for this portfolio was 0.15% in both the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, compared with 0.30% and 0.36% for the same periods a year ago. At September 30, 2017, 0.71% of this portfolio was nonaccruing, compared with 0.95% at December 31, 2016, reflecting a decrease of $853 million in nonaccrual loans, predominantly due to improvement in the oil and gas portfolio. Also, $20.0 billion of the commercial and industrial loan and lease financing portfolio was internally classified as criticized in accordance with regulatory guidance at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, compared with $24.0$13.0 billion at December 31, 2016.2021. The decrease in criticized loans, which also includes the decrease in nonaccrual loans,change was primarily due to improvementdriven by decreases in the real estate and construction, technology, telecom and media, oil, gas and gas portfolio.pipelines, and retail industries, as these industries continue to recover from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.
MostThe majority of our commercial and industrial loans and lease financing portfolio is secured by short-term assets, such as accounts receivable, inventory and debt securities, as well as long-lived assets, such as equipment and other business assets. Generally, the primary source of repayment for this portfolio is the operating cash flows of customers, with the collateral securing this portfolio representsrepresenting a secondary source of repayment.
The portfolio increased at March 31, 2022, compared with December 31, 2021, driven by higher loan demand resulting in increased originations and loan draws, partially offset by paydowns. Table 1210 provides a breakout ofour commercial and industrial loans and lease financing by industry. The industry categories are based on the North American Industry Classification System.
Table 10:Commercial and includes $59.7Industrial Loans and Lease Financing by Industry
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
($ in millions)Nonaccrual loans Total portfolio% of total loans Total commitments (1)Nonaccrual loans Total portfolio% of total loans Total commitments (1)
Financials except banks$59 140,267 15 %$243,673 $104 142,283 16 %$236,435 
Technology, telecom and media63 24,382 3 61,899 64 23,345 63,551 
Real estate and construction72 24,961 3 56,783 78 25,035 56,278 
Equipment, machinery and parts manufacturing17 19,763 2 44,640 24 18,130 43,778 
Retail21 17,529 2 40,651 27 17,645 41,447 
Materials and commodities28 16,141 2 38,491 32 14,684 36,704 
Food and beverage manufacturing6 14,935 2 31,794 13,242 30,903 
Health care and pharmaceuticals25 13,279 1 29,827 24 12,847 29,057 
Oil, gas and pipelines85 8,447 *29,626 197 8,828 *29,010 
Auto related22 10,762 1 26,051 31 10,629 25,772 
Commercial services69 10,632 1 25,284 78 10,492 24,804 
Utilities78 8,303 *24,429 77 6,982 *22,428 
Diversified or miscellaneous21 8,233 *20,103 7,493 *19,395 
Entertainment and recreation43 11,438 119,426 23 9,907 117,943 
Insurance and fiduciaries1 4,366 *18,879 3,387 *17,521 
Banks 18,336 2 18,829 — 16,178 216,615 
Transportation services246 8,116 *15,173 288 8,162 *14,775 
Agribusiness32 6,058 *11,642 35 6,086 *11,701 
Government and education4 5,717 *11,230 5,863 *11,358 
Other (2)24 4,941 *20,821 30 4,077 *20,112 
Total$916 376,606 41 %$789,251 $1,128 365,295 41 %$769,587 
*Less than 1%.
(1)Total commitments consist of loans outstanding plus unfunded credit commitments, excluding issued letters of credit. For additional information on issued letters of credit, see Note 11 (Guarantees and Other Commitments) to Financial Statements in this Report.
(2)No other single industry had total loans in excess of $3.0 billion of foreign loansand $3.1 billion at September 30, 2017. Foreign loans totaled $19.4 billion within the investorMarch 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.
28Wells Fargo & Company


Table 10a provides further loan segmentation for our largest industry category, $16.2 billion within the financial institutions category and $1.4 billion within the oil and gas category.
The investorsfinancials except banks. This category includes loans to special purposeinvestment firms, financial vehicles, (SPVs) formed by sponsoring entitiesnonbank creditors, rental and leasing companies, securities firms, and investment banks. These loans are generally secured and have features to invest in financial assets backed predominantly by commercial
help manage credit risk, such as structural credit enhancements, collateral eligibility requirements, contractual re-margining of collateral supporting the loans, and residential real estate or corporate cash flow, and are repaid from the asset cash flows or the sale of assets by the SPV. We limit loan amounts limited to a percentage of the value of the underlying assets as determined by us, based on analysis ofconsidering underlying credit risk, and other factors such as asset duration, and ongoing performance.
Table 10a:Financials Except Banks Industry Category
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
($ in millions)Nonaccrual loans Total portfolio% of total loans Total commitments (1)Nonaccrual loans Total portfolio% of total loans Total commitments (1)
Asset managers and funds (2)$1 59,404 6 %$102,214 $60,518 %$101,311 
Commercial finance (3)39 44,665 5 73,162 82 46,043 69,941 
Real estate finance (4)9 23,978 3 41,583 23,231 38,003 
Consumer finance (5)10 12,220 1 26,714 12 12,491 27,180 
Total$59 140,267 15 %$243,673 $104 142,283 16 %$236,435 
We provide financial institutions with a variety(1)Total commitments consist of relationship focused productsloans outstanding plus unfunded credit commitments, excluding issued letters of credit. For additional information on issued letters of credit, see Note 11 (Guarantees and services,Other Commitments) to Financial Statements in this Report.
(2)Includes loans for subscription or capital calls and loans to prime brokerage customers and securities firms.
(3)Includes asset-based lending and leasing, including loans supporting short-term trade financeto special purpose entities; and working capital needs. The $16.2includes collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) in loan form, all of which were rated AA or above, of $7.8 billion and $8.1 billion at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.
(4)Includes originators or servicers of foreignfinancial assets collateralized by commercial or residential real estate loans.
(5)Includes originators or servicers of financial assets collateralized by consumer loans such as auto loans and leases, and credit cards.
Our commercial and industrial loans and lease financing portfolio also included non-U.S. loans of $81.1 billion and $78.0 billion at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively. Significant industry concentrations of non-U.S. loans at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively, included:
$46.3 billion and $46.7 billion in the financial institutions category were predominantly originated by our Financial Institutions business.financials except banks category;
The oil$18.0 billion and gas loan portfolio totaled $12.8$15.9 billion or 1% of total outstanding loans at September 30, 2017, compared with $14.8in the banks category; and
$1.5 billion or 2% of total outstanding loans, at December 31, 2016. Unfunded loan commitmentsand $1.7 billion in the oil, gas and gas loan portfolio totaled $22.6 billion at September 30, 2017. Approximately half of our oil and gas loans were to businesses in the exploration and production (E&P) sector. Most of these E&P loans are secured by oil and/or gas reserves and have underlying borrowing base arrangements which include regular (typically semi-annual) “redeterminations” that consider refinements to borrowing structure and prices used to determine borrowing limits. The majority of the other oil and gas loans were to midstream companies. We proactively monitor our oil and gas loan portfolio and work with customers to address any emerging issues. Oil and gas nonaccrual loans decreased to $1.6 billion at September 30, 2017, compared with $2.4 billion at December 31, 2016, due to improved portfolio performance.pipelines category.
Table 12:Commercial and Industrial Loans and Lease Financing by Industry (1)
 September 30, 2017 
(in millions)
Nonaccrual
loans

 
Total
portfolio

 (2) 
% of
total
loans

Investors$6
 60,929
   6%
Financial institutions2
 37,951
   4
Cyclical retailers92
 25,919
   3
Food and beverage10
 16,876
   2
Healthcare27
 15,969
   2
Industrial equipment175
 15,177
   2
Real estate lessor10
 14,391
   2
Technology33
 13,737
   1
Oil and gas1,559
 12,825
   1
Transportation130
 9,109
   1
Public administration28
 9,101
   1
Business services23
 8,474
   1
Other383
 106,697
 (3) 10
Total$2,478
 347,155
   36%
(1)Industry categories are based on the North American Industry Classification System and the amounts reported include foreign loans. See Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report for a breakout of commercial foreign loans.
Wells Fargo & Company
(2)
Includes $116 million of PCI loans, which are considered to be accruing due to the existence of the accretable yield and not based on consideration given to contractual interest payments.
(3)
No other single industry had total loans in excess of $6.8 billion
29

Risk Management - Credit Risk Management (continued)
(continued)


COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE (CRE) We generally subject CRE loans to individual risk assessment using our internal borrower and collateral quality ratings. Our ratings are alignedWe had $12.0 billion of CRE mortgage loans classified as criticized at March 31, 2022, compared with $13.1 billion at December 31, 2021, and $1.7 billion of CRE construction loans classified as criticized at both March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. The decrease in criticized CRE mortgage loans was driven by the hotel/motel, retail (excluding shopping center) and shopping center property types as these property types continued to regulatory definitionsrecover from the economic impacts of passthe COVID-19 pandemic. The credit quality of certain property types within our CRE loan portfolio, such as office buildings, could continue to be adversely affected due to uncertainty in their recovery from the economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The total CRE loan portfolio increased $2.3 billion from December 31, 2021, predominantly driven by an increase in mixed use properties and criticized categories with criticized divided among special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss categories.apartments property types. The CRE loan portfolio which included $8.7$8.6 billion of foreignnon-U.S. CRE loans totaled $153.0 billion, or 16% of total loans, at September 30, 2017, and consisted of $128.5 billion of mortgage loans and $24.5 billion of construction loans.
Table 13 summarizes CRE loans by state and property type with the related nonaccrual totals.March 31, 2022. The portfolio is diversified both geographically and by property type. The largest geographic concentrations of CRE loans are in California, New York, Texas,
and Florida, which represented a combined represented 49%48% of the total CRE portfolio. ByThe largest property type the largest concentrations are office buildings at 28%24% and apartments at 16%22% of the portfolio. CRE nonaccrual loans totaled 0.4% of the CRE outstanding balance at September 30, 2017, compared with 0.5% at December 31, 2016. At September 30, 2017, we had $4.8 billion of criticized CRE mortgage loans, compared with $5.4 billion at December 31, 2016, and $327 million of criticized CRE construction loans, compared with $461 million at December 31, 2016.
At September 30, 2017, the recorded investment in PCITable 11 summarizes CRE loans totaled $118 million, down from $12.3 billion when acquiredby state and property type with the related nonaccrual totals at DecemberMarch 31, 2008, reflecting principal payments, loan resolutions and write-downs.2022.

Table 13:11:CRE Loans by State and Property Type
March 31, 2022
Real estate mortgage Real estate construction Total % of
total
 loans
($ in millions)Nonaccrual loansTotal portfolioNonaccrual loansTotal portfolioNonaccrual loansTotal portfolio
By state:
California$175 30,403 3,840 176 34,243 %
New York129 13,364 — 2,072 129 15,436 
Texas49 10,884 — 1,202 49 12,086 
Florida37 9,172 1,248 38 10,420 
Washington84 4,020 — 1,399 84 5,419 *
Georgia12 4,719 — 412 12 5,131 *
Arizona38 4,622 — 414 38 5,036 *
North Carolina3,989 — 682 4,671 *
Illinois16 3,654 — 553 16 4,207 *
New Jersey23 2,705 — 924 23 3,629 *
Other (1)467 41,963 7,867 469 49,830 
Total$1,033 129,495 20,613 1,037 150,108 16 %
By property:
Office buildings$130 33,476 — 3,075 130 36,551 %
Apartments13 26,317 — 7,184 13 33,501 
Industrial/warehouse70 16,047 — 1,882 70 17,929 
Hotel/motel200 10,897 — 1,542 200 12,439 
Retail (excluding shopping center)115 12,198 110 117 12,308 
Shopping center342 9,438 — 857 342 10,295 
Institutional38 5,385 2,501 39 7,886 *
Mixed use properties71 6,341 — 1,162 71 7,503 *
Collateral pool— 3,371 — 232 — 3,603 *
Storage facility— 2,390 — 139 — 2,529 *
Other54 3,635 1,929 55 5,564 *
Total$1,033 129,495 20,613 1,037 150,108 16 %
 September 30, 2017 
 Real estate mortgage    Real estate construction    Total     
(in millions)
Nonaccrual
loans

 
Total
portfolio

 (1) 
Nonaccrual
loans

 
Total
portfolio

 (1) 
Nonaccrual
loans

 
Total
portfolio

 (1) 
% of
total
loans

By state:                   
California$127
 36,398
   2
 4,245
   129
 40,643
   4%
New York12
 10,366
   
 2,869
   12
 13,235
   1
Texas102
 9,245
   
 2,160
   102
 11,405
   1
Florida33
 8,016
   
 1,830
   33
 9,846
   1
North Carolina31
 4,100
   6
 785
   37
 4,885
   1
Arizona27
 3,944
   
 643
   27
 4,587
   *
Georgia17
 3,356
   1
 852
   18
 4,208
   *
Virginia11
 3,230
   
 893
   11
 4,123
   *
Washington15
 3,381
   
 619
   15
 4,000
   *
Illinois5
 3,263
   
 590
   5
 3,853
   *
Other213
 43,176
   29
 9,034
   242
 52,210
 (2) 5
Total$593
 128,475
   38
 24,520
   631
 152,995
   16%
By property:                   
Office buildings$130
 39,959
   2
 3,187
   132
 43,146
   5%
Apartments24
 15,417
   
 8,857
   24
 24,274
   3
Industrial/warehouse142
 15,801
   2
 1,847
   144
 17,648
   2
Retail (excluding shopping center)66
 16,873
   
 617
   66
 17,490
   2
Shopping center16
 11,835
   
 1,158
   16
 12,993
   1
Hotel/motel8
 9,685
   4
 1,716
   12
 11,401
   1
Real estate - other90
 6,849
   
 170
   90
 7,019
   1
Institutional36
 3,247
   
 1,564
   36
 4,811
   1
Agriculture30
 2,613
   
 19
   30
 2,632
   *
1-4 family structure
 10
   7
 2,460
   7
 2,470
   *
Other51
 6,186
   23
 2,925
   74
 9,111
   1
Total$593
 128,475
   38
 24,520
   631
 152,995
   16%
*    Less than 1%.
*Less than 1%.
(1)
(1)Includes 40 states; no state in Other had loans in excess of $3.6 billion.
Includes a total of $118 million PCI loans, consisting of $108 million of real estate mortgage and $10 million of real estate construction, which are considered to be accruing due to the existence of the accretable yield and not based on consideration given to contractual interest payments.
(2)
Includes 40 states; no state had loans in excess of $3.6 billion.


FOREIGNNON-U.S. LOANS AND COUNTRY RISK EXPOSURE We classifyOur classification of non-U.S. loans for financial statement and certain regulatory purposes as foreign primarilyis based on whether the borrower’s primary address is outside of the United States. At September 30, 2017, foreignMarch 31, 2022, non-U.S. loans totaled $68.8$90.0 billion, representing approximately 7%10% of our total consolidated loans outstanding, compared with $65.7$86.9 billion, or approximately 7%10% of our total consolidated loans outstanding, at December 31, 2016. Foreign2021. Non-U.S. loans were approximately 5% and 4% of our total consolidated total assets at September 30, 2017March 31, 2022, and 3% at December 31, 2016.2021, respectively.

COUNTRY RISK EXPOSURE Our country risk monitoring process incorporates centralized monitoring of economic, political, social,
legal, and transfer risks in countries where we do or plan to do business, along with frequent dialogue with our financial institution customers, counterparties and regulatory agencies, enhanced by centralized monitoring of macroeconomic and capital markets conditions in the respective countries.agencies. We establish exposure limits for each country through a centralized oversight process based on customer needs, and inthrough consideration of the relevant economic, political, social, legal, and transfer risks.distinct risk of each country. We monitor exposures closely and adjust our country limits in response to changing conditions.
We evaluate our individual country risk exposure based on our assessment of the borrower’s ability to repay,
which gives consideration for allowable transfers of risk, such as guarantees and collateral, and may be different from the reporting based on the borrower’s primary address.
30Wells Fargo & Company


Our largest single foreign country exposure based on our assessment of riskoutside the U.S. at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, was the United Kingdom, which totaled $29.6$40.2 billion, or approximately 2% of our total assets, and included $7.1$9.6 billion of sovereign claims. Our United Kingdom sovereign claims arise predominantly from deposits we have placed with the Bank of England pursuant to regulatory requirements in support of our London branch. The United Kingdom officially announced its intention to leave the European Union (Brexit) on March 29, 2017, starting the two-year negotiation process leading to its departure. We continue to conduct assessments and are executing our implementation plans to ensure we can continue to prudently serve our customers post-Brexit.
We conduct periodic stress tests of our significant country risk exposures, analyzing the direct and indirect impacts on the risk of loss from various macroeconomic and capital markets scenarios. We do not have significant exposure to foreign country risks because our foreign credit exposure is relatively small. However, we have identified exposure to increased loss from U.S. borrowers associated with the potential impact of a regional or worldwide economic downturn on the U.S. economy. We seek to mitigate these potential impacts on the risk of loss through our normal risk management processes which include active monitoring and, if necessary, the application of aggressive loss mitigation strategies.
Table 1412 provides information regarding our top 20 exposures by country (excluding the U.S.) and our Eurozone exposure,, based on our assessment of risk, which gives consideration to the country of any guarantors and/or underlying collateral. OurWith respect to Table 12:
Lending and deposits exposure includes outstanding loans, unfunded credit commitments, and deposits with non-U.S. banks. These balances are presented prior to the deduction of allowance for credit losses or collateral received under the terms of the credit agreements, if any.
Securities exposure represents debt and equity securities of non-U.S. issuers. Long and short positions are netted, and net short positions are reflected as negative exposure.
Derivatives and other exposure represents foreign exchange contracts, derivative contracts, securities resale agreements, and securities lending agreements.
Table 12:Select Country Exposures
March 31, 2022
Lending and depositsSecuritiesDerivatives and otherTotal exposure
($ in millions)SovereignNon-sovereignSovereignNon-sovereignSovereignNon-sovereignSovereignNon-
sovereign (1)
Total
Top 20 country exposures:
United Kingdom$9,561 26,111 — 1,087 3,451 9,562 30,649 40,211 
Canada18,295 27 163 14 480 42 18,938 18,980 
Cayman Islands— 7,472 — — — 144 — 7,616 7,616 
Luxembourg— 5,906 — 51 — 101 — 6,058 6,058 
Ireland559 5,121 — 249 — 63 559 5,433 5,992 
Japan3,604 1,129 — 95 — 73 3,604 1,297 4,901 
Guernsey— 3,885 — — 72 — 3,958 3,958 
China— 3,206 128 337 33 338 3,367 3,705 
Bermuda— 3,511 — 35 — 52 — 3,598 3,598 
France126 2,934 — 151 351 36 477 3,121 3,598 
Germany— 2,973 — 29 — 208 — 3,210 3,210 
South Korea— 2,452 (1)181 15 2,648 2,653 
Netherlands— 2,156 — 91 — 81 — 2,328 2,328 
Switzerland— 1,595 — (8)— 171 — 1,758 1,758 
Chile— 1,673 — — — 1,677 1,677 
India— 1,467 — 103 — — — 1,570 1,570 
Australia— 1,305 — 228 — 14 — 1,547 1,547 
United Arab Emirates— 1,375 — 45 — — — 1,420 1,420 
Brazil— 1,171 — (1)85 — 85 1,170 1,255 
Norway— 1,141 — 24 — — 1,172 1,172 
Total top 20 country exposures$13,851 94,878 27 2,654 794 5,003 14,672 102,535 117,207 
(1)Total non-sovereign exposure comprised $54.3 billion exposure to Puerto Rico (considered part of U.S. exposure) is largely through automobile lendingfinancial institutions and was not material$48.2 billion to our consolidated country exposure. For information on potential credit impacts from recent hurricanes, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Credit Quality Overview” section and Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.
non-financial corporations at March 31, 2022.
Risk Management - Credit Risk Management (continued)

Table 14:Select Country Exposures-
 September 30, 2017 
 Lending (1)  Securities (2)  Derivatives and other (3)  Total exposure 
(in millions)Sovereign
 
Non-
sovereign

 Sovereign
 
Non-
sovereign

 Sovereign
 
Non-
sovereign

 Sovereign
 
Non-
sovereign (4)

 Total
Top 20 country exposures:                 
United Kingdom$7,079
 20,200
 
 1,852
 
 473
 7,079
 22,525
 29,604
Canada29
 18,240
 61
 189
 
 507
 90
 18,936
 19,026
Cayman Islands
 6,723
 
 
 
 151
 
 6,874
 6,874
Germany3,349
 1,664
 5
 162
 3
 392
 3,357
 2,218
 5,575
Ireland
 3,528
 
 118
 
 140
 
 3,786
 3,786
Bermuda
 2,827
 
 112
 
 196
 
 3,135
 3,135
China
 2,761
 (2) 182
 32
 30
 30
 2,973
 3,003
Netherlands
 2,278
 22
 285
 2
 247
 24
 2,810
 2,834
India
 2,092
 
 112
 
 
 
 2,204
 2,204
Luxembourg
 1,258
 
 656
 
 120
 
 2,034
 2,034
Guernsey
 1,971
 
 3
 
 3
 
 1,977
 1,977
Australia
 1,581
 
 282
 
 78
 
 1,941
 1,941
Brazil
 1,689
 
 17
 
 
 
 1,706
 1,706
Chile
 1,485
 
 21
 
 
 
 1,506
 1,506
South Korea
 1,352
 2
 85
 2
 8
 4
 1,445
 1,449
Switzerland
 1,210
 
 (2) 
 35
 
 1,243
 1,243
Jersey, Channel lslands
 645
 
 469
 
 14
 
 1,128
 1,128
Japan285
 710
 6
 42
 
 63
 291
 815
 1,106
France
 798
 
 205
 
 67
 
 1,070
 1,070
Mexico56
 925
 
 4
 
 4
 56
 933
 989
Total top 20 country exposures$10,798
 73,937
 94
 4,794
 39
 2,528
 10,931
 81,259
 92,190
Eurozone exposure:                 
Eurozone countries included in Top 20 above (5)$3,349
 9,526
 27
 1,426
 5
 966
 3,381
 11,918
 15,299
Austria
 590
 
 3
 
 3
 
 596
 596
Spain
 362
 
 54
 
 19
 
 435
 435
Belgium
 274
 
 (45) 
 5
 
 234
 234
Other Eurozone exposure (6)24
 211
 
 47
 
 
 24
 258
 282
Total Eurozone exposure$3,373
 10,963
 27
 1,485
 5
 993
 3,405
 13,441
 16,846
(1)
Lending exposure includes funded loans and unfunded commitments, leveraged leases, and money market placements presented on a gross basis prior to the deduction of impairment allowance and collateral received under the terms of the credit agreements. For the countries listed above, includes $17 million in PCI loans to customers in Germany and the Netherlands, and $680 million in defeased leases secured primarily by U.S. Treasury and government agency securities.
(2)Represents exposure on debt and equity securities of foreign issuers. Long and short positions are netted and net short positions are reflected as negative exposure.
(3)
Represents counterparty exposure on foreign exchange and derivative contracts, and securities resale and lending agreements. This exposure is presented net of counterparty netting adjustments and reduced by the amount of cash collateral. It includes credit default swaps (CDS) predominantly used for market making activities in the U.S. and London based trading businesses, which sometimes results in selling and purchasing protection on the identical reference entities. Generally, we do not use market instruments such as CDS to hedge the credit risk of our investment or loan positions, although we do use them to manage risk in our trading businesses At September 30, 2017, the gross notional amount of our CDS sold that reference assets in the Top 20 or Eurozone countries was $348 million, which was offset by the notional amount of CDS purchased of $469 million. We did not have any CDS purchased or sold that reference pools of assets that contain sovereign debt or where the reference asset was solely the sovereign debt of a foreign country.
(4)
For countries presented in the table, total non-sovereign exposure comprises $39.9 billion exposure to financial institutions and $42.9 billion to non-financial corporations at September 30, 2017.
(5)Consists of exposure to Germany, Ireland, Netherlands, Luxembourg, and France included in Top 20.
(6)
Includes non-sovereign exposure to Italy, Portugal, and Greece in the amount of $133 million, $17 million and $1 million, respectively. We had no sovereign debt exposure to Portugal and Greece, and the exposure to Italy was immaterial at September 30, 2017.

REAL ESTATE 1-4 FAMILY FIRST AND JUNIOR LIENRESIDENTIAL MORTGAGE LOANSOur real estateresidential mortgage loan portfolio is comprised of 1-4 family first and junior lien mortgage loans. Residential mortgage – first lien loans as presented in Table 15, include loans we have made to customerscomprised 94% of the total residential mortgage loan portfolio at both March 31, 2022, and retained as part of our asset/liability management strategy, the Pick-a-Pay portfolio acquired fromDecember 31, 2021.
Wachovia which is discussed later in this Report and other purchased loans, and loans included on our balance sheet as a result of consolidation of variable interest entities (VIEs).
Table 15:Real Estate 1-4 Family First and Junior Lien Mortgage Loans
 September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
(in millions)Balance
 
% of
portfolio

 Balance
 
% of
portfolio

Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage$280,173
 87% $275,579
 86%
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage41,152
 13
 46,237
 14
Total real estate 1-4 family mortgage loans$321,325
 100% $321,816
 100%

The real estate 1-4 familyoutstanding balance of residential mortgage lines of credit was $21.2 billion at March 31, 2022. The unfunded credit commitments for these lines of credit totaled $42.9 billion at March 31, 2022.
The residential mortgage loan portfolio includes some loans with adjustable-rate features and some with an interest-only feature as part of the loan terms. Interest-only loans were approximately 5% and 7%3% of total loans at September 30, 2017,both March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2016, respectively.2021. We believe we have manageableour origination process appropriately addresses our adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM) reset risk across our ownedresidential mortgage loan portfolios.loans and our ACL for loans considers this risk. We do not offer option ARM products, nor do we offer variable-rate mortgage products with fixed payment amounts, commonly referred to within the financial services industry as negative amortizing mortgage loans.
The option ARMs we doresidential mortgage – junior lien portfolio consists of residential mortgage lines of credit and loans that are subordinate in rights to an existing lien on the same property. These lines and loans may have are included in the Pick-a-Pay portfolio which was acquired from Wachovia. Since our acquisition of the Pick-a-Pay loan portfolio at the end of 2008, the option payment portion of the portfolio has reduced from 86% to 36% at September 30, 2017, as a result of our modificationdraw periods, interest-only payments, balloon payments, adjustable rates and loss mitigation efforts.similar
features. For more information, see the “Pick-a-Pay Portfolio” section in this Report.
We continue to modify real estate 1-4 family mortgage loans to assist homeowners and other borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. For moreadditional information on our modification programs,residential mortgage loan portfolio, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Real Estate 1-4 Family First and Junior LienResidential Mortgage Loans” section in our 20162021 Form 10-K.
We monitor changes in real estate values and underlying economic or market conditions for all geographic areas of our residential mortgage portfolio as part of our credit risk management process. Our periodic review of this portfolio includes original appraisals adjusted for the change in Home Price Index (HPI) or estimates from automated valuation models (AVMs) to support property values. For additional information about appraisals, AVMs, and our policy for their use, see Note 4 (Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report and the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Residential Mortgage Loans” section in our 2021 Form 10-K.
Part of our credit monitoring includes tracking delinquency, current FICO scores and loan/combined loan to collateral values (LTV/CLTV) on the entire real estate 1-4 familyresidential mortgage loan portfolio. These credit risk indicators, which exclude government insured/guaranteed loans, continued to improve in third quarter 2017 on the non-PCI mortgage portfolio. Loans 30 days or more delinquent at September 30, 2017, totaled $5.3 billion, or 2% of total non-PCI mortgages, compared with $5.9 billion, or 2%, at December 31, 2016. Loans with FICO scores lower than 640 totaled $12.2 billion, or 4% of total non-PCI mortgages at September 30, 2017, compared with $16.6 billion, or 5%, at December 31, 2016. Mortgages with a LTV/CLTV greater than 100% totaled $6.7 billion at September 30, 2017, or 2% of total non-PCI mortgages, compared with $8.9 billion, or 3%, at December 31, 2016. Information regarding credit quality indicators, including PCI credit quality indicators, can be found in Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Real estate 1-4 family first and junior lien mortgage loans by state are presented in Table 16. Our real estate 1-4 family mortgage loans (including PCI loans) to borrowers in California represented approximately 13% of total loans at September 30, 2017, located mostly within the larger metropolitan areas, with no single California metropolitan area consisting of more than 5% of total loans. We monitor changes in real estate values and underlying economic or market conditions for all geographic areas of our real estate 1-4 family mortgage portfolio as part of
our credit risk management process. Our underwriting and periodic review of loans secured by residential real estate collateral includes appraisals or estimates from automated valuation models (AVMs) to support property values. Additional information about AVMs and our policy for their use can be found in Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report and the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Real Estate 1-4 Family First and Junior Lien Mortgage Loans” section in our 2016 Form 10-K.
Table 16:Real Estate 1-4 Family First and Junior Lien Mortgage Loans by State
 September 30, 2017 
(in millions)
Real estate
1-4 family
first
mortgage

 
Real estate
1-4 family
junior lien
mortgage

 
Total real
estate 1-4
family
mortgage

 
% of
total
loans

Real estate 1-4 family loans (excluding PCI):       
California$99,380
 11,006
 110,386
 12%
New York26,008
 1,989
 27,997
 3
Florida13,278
 3,824
 17,102
 2
New Jersey13,116
 3,704
 16,820
 2
Virginia7,899
 2,442
 10,341
 1
Washington8,589
 900
 9,489
 1
Texas8,732
 746
 9,478
 1
North Carolina6,053
 1,930
 7,983
 1
Pennsylvania5,681
 2,275
 7,956
 1
Other (1)64,530
 12,307
 76,837
 8
Government insured/
guaranteed loans (2)
13,606
 
 13,606
 1
Real estate 1-4 family loans (excluding PCI)266,872
 41,123
 307,995
 33
Real estate 1-4 family PCI loans (3)13,301
 29
 13,330
 1
Total$280,173
 41,152
 321,325
 34%
(1)
Consists of 41 states; no state had loans in excess of $6.9 billion.
(2)Represents loans whose repayments are predominantly insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA).
(3)
Includes $9.1 billion in real estate 1-4 family mortgage PCI loans in California.

Risk Management - Credit Risk Management (continued)

First Lien Mortgage PortfolioOur total real estate 1-4 family first lien mortgage portfolio increased $3.6 billion in third quarter 2017 and $4.6 billion in the first nine months of 2017, as non-conforming loan growth was partially offset by a decline in Pick-a-Pay loan balances. We retained $14.2 billion and $36.6 billion in non-conforming originations, consisting of loans that exceed conventional conforming loan amount limits established by federal government-sponsored entities (GSEs) in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively.
The credit performance associated with our real estate 1-4 family first lien mortgage portfolio continued to improve in third quarter 2017, as measured through net charge-offs and nonaccrual loans. Net charge-offs (annualized) as a percentage of average real estate 1-4 family first lien mortgage loans improved
to a net recovery of 0.02% and 0.01% in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, compared with a net charge-off of 0.03% and 0.04% for the same periods a year ago. Nonaccrual loans were $4.2 billion at September 30, 2017, compared with $5.0 billion at December 31, 2016. Improvement in the credit performance was driven by an improving housing environment. Real estate 1-4 family first lien mortgage loans originated after 2008, which generally utilized tighter underwriting standards, have resulted in minimal losses to date and were approximately 77% of our total real estate 1-4 family first lien mortgage portfolio as of September 30, 2017.
Table 17 shows certain delinquency and loss information for the first lien mortgage portfolio and lists the top five states by outstanding balance.
Table 17:First Lien Mortgage Portfolio Performance
 Outstanding balance  % of loans 30 days or more past due Loss (recovery) rate (annualized) quarter ended 
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

Dec 31,
2016

 Sep 30,
2017

Dec 31,
2016
 Sep 30,
2017

Jun 30,
2017

Mar 31,
2017

Dec 31,
2016

Sep 30,
2016

California$99,380
94,015
 0.97%1.21 (0.09)(0.08)(0.05)(0.08)(0.08)
New York26,008
23,815
 1.75
1.97 0.05
0.02
0.06
0.04
0.07
Florida13,278
13,737
 4.17
3.62 (0.22)(0.18)(0.08)(0.18)(0.04)
New Jersey13,116
12,669
 2.83
3.66 0.15
0.17
0.22
0.21
0.37
Texas8,732
8,584
 2.60
2.19 

(0.01)(0.01)0.06
Other92,752
91,136
 2.11
2.51 0.02
0.01
0.05
0.06
0.10
Total253,266
243,956
 1.79
2.07 (0.03)(0.03)0.01

0.03
Government insured/guaranteed loans13,606
15,605
         
PCI13,301
16,018
         
Total first lien mortgages$280,173
275,579
         
Pick-a-Pay PortfolioThe Pick-a-Pay portfolio was one of the consumer residential first lien mortgage portfolios we acquired from Wachovia and a majority of the portfolio was identified as PCI loans.
The Pick-a-Pay portfolio includes loans that offer payment options (Pick-a-Pay option payment loans), and also includes loans that were originated without the option payment feature, loans that no longer offer the option feature as a result of our modification efforts since the acquisition, and loans where the customer voluntarily converted to a fixed-rate product. The Pick-a-Pay portfolio is included in the consumer real estate 1-4 family
first mortgage class of loans throughout this Report. Table 18 provides balances by types of loans as of September 30, 2017, as a result of modification efforts, compared to the types of loans included in the portfolio at acquisition. Total adjusted unpaid principal balance of PCI Pick-a-Pay loans was $17.3 billion at September 30, 2017, compared with $61.0 billion at acquisition. Due to loan modification and loss mitigation efforts, the adjusted unpaid principal balance of option payment PCI loans has declined to 14% of the total Pick-a-Pay portfolio at September 30, 2017, compared with 51% at acquisition.
Table 18:Pick-a-Pay Portfolio – Comparison to Acquisition Date
   December 31, 
 September 30, 2017  2016  2008 
(in millions)
Adjusted
unpaid
principal
balance (1)

 
% of
total

 
Adjusted
unpaid
principal
balance (1)

 
% of
total

 
Adjusted
unpaid
principal
balance (1)

 
% of
total

Option payment loans$11,460
 36% $13,618
 37% $99,937
 86%
Non-option payment adjustable-rate
and fixed-rate loans
3,951
 13
 4,630
 13
 15,763
 14
Full-term loan modifications15,958
 51
 18,598
 50
 
 
Total adjusted unpaid principal balance$31,369
 100% $36,846
 100% $115,700
 100%
Total carrying value$27,295
   32,292
   95,315
  
(1)Adjusted unpaid principal balance includes write-downs taken on loans where severe delinquency (normally 180 days) or other indications of severe borrower financial stress exist that indicate there will be a loss of contractually due amounts upon final resolution of the loan.

Table 19 reflects the geographic distribution of the Pick-a-Pay portfolio broken out between PCI loans and all other loans. The LTV ratio is a useful metric in evaluating future real estate 1-4 family first mortgage loan performance, including potential charge-offs. Because PCI loans were initially recorded at fair value, including write-downs for expected credit losses, the ratio
of the carrying value to the current collateral value will be lower compared with the LTV based on the adjusted unpaid principal balance. For informational purposes, we have included both ratios for PCI loans in the following table.
Table 19:Pick-a-Pay Portfolio (1)
 September 30, 2017 
 PCI loans  All other loans 
(in millions)
Adjusted
unpaid
principal
balance (2)

 
Current
LTV
ratio (3)

 
Carrying
value (4)

 
Ratio of
carrying
value to
current
value (5)

 
Carrying
value (4)

 
Ratio of
carrying
value to
current
value (5)

California$11,753
 61% $9,033
 47% $6,703
 44%
Florida1,481
 69
 1,076
 49
��1,439
 54
New Jersey586
 76
 429
 55
 953
 62
New York446
 69
 363
 52
 477
 59
Texas135
 48
 102
 36
 570
 37
Other2,928
 68
 2,208
 51
 3,942
 56
Total Pick-a-Pay loans$17,329
 64
 $13,211
 48
 $14,084
 50
            
(1)
The individual states shown in this table represent the top five states based on the total net carrying value of the Pick-a-Pay loans at the beginning of 2017.
(2)Adjusted unpaid principal balance includes write-downs taken on loans where severe delinquency (normally 180 days) or other indications of severe borrower financial stress exist that indicate there will be a loss of contractually due amounts upon final resolution of the loan.
(3)The current LTV ratio is calculated as the adjusted unpaid principal balance divided by the collateral value. Collateral values are generally determined using automated valuation models (AVM) and are updated quarterly. AVMs are computer-based tools used to estimate market values of homes based on processing large volumes of market data including market comparables and price trends for local market areas.
(4)Carrying value does not reflect related allowance for loan losses but does reflect remaining purchase accounting adjustments and any charge-offs.
(5)The ratio of carrying value to current value is calculated as the carrying value divided by the collateral value.

Since the Wachovia acquisition, we have completed over 137,800 proprietary and Home Affordability Modification Program (HAMP) Pick-a-Pay loan modifications, including over 200 modifications in third quarter 2017. Pick-a-Pay loan modifications have resulted in over $6.1 billion of principal forgiveness since December 31, 2008. We have also provided interest rate reductions and loan term extensions to enable sustainable homeownership for our Pick-a-Pay customers. As a result of these loss mitigation programs, approximately 71% of our Pick-a-Pay PCI adjusted unpaid principal balance as of September 30, 2017 has been modified.
The predominant portion of our PCI loans is included in the Pick-a-Pay portfolio. We regularly evaluate our estimates of cash flows expected to be collected on our PCI loans. Our cash flows expected to be collected have been favorably affected over time by lower expected defaults and losses as a result of observed and forecasted economic strengthening, particularly in housing prices, and our loan modification efforts. When we periodically update our cash flow estimates we have historically expected that the credit-stressed borrower characteristics and distressed collateral values associated with our Pick-a-Pay PCI loans would limit the ability of these borrowers to prepay their loans, thus increasing the future expected weighted-average life of the portfolio since acquisition. However, the higher prepayment trend that emerged in our Pick-a-Pay PCI loans portfolio in the prior year, which we attribute to the benefits of home price appreciation has continued to result in more loan (unpaid principal balance) to value ratios reaching an important industry refinancing inflection point of below 80%. As a result, we have continued to experience an increased level of borrowers qualifying for products to refinance their loans which may not have previously been available to them. Therefore, during first quarter 2017, we revised our Pick-a-Pay PCI loan cash flow estimates to reflect our expectation that the modified portion of the portfolio will have higher prepayments over the remainder of
its life. The increase in expected prepayments in the first quarter and passage of time lowered our estimated weighted-average life to approximately 6.8 years at September 30, 2017, from 7.4 years at December 31, 2016. The accretable yield balance related to our Pick-a-Pay PCI loan portfolio declined $104 million ($126 million for all PCI loans) during third quarter 2017, driven by realized accretion of $315 million ($340 million for all PCI loans), $233 million reclassification from nonaccretable difference for loans with improving cash flows and a $22 million reduction in expected interest cash flows resulting from improved cash flow timing. The accretable yield percentage for Pick-a-Pay PCI loans for third quarter 2017 was 9.32%, up from 8.22% for fourth quarter 2016, due to an increase in the amount of accretable yield relative to the shortened weighted-average life. Due to the improving cash flow timing, we expect the accretable yield percentage to be 9.83% for fourth quarter 2017.
Since acquisition, due to better than expected performance observed on the PCI portion of the Pick-a-Pay portfolio compared with the original acquisition estimates, we have reclassified $8.9 billion from the nonaccretable difference to the accretable yield. Fluctuations in the accretable yield are driven by changes in interest rate indices for variable rate PCI loans, prepayment assumptions, and expected principal and interest payments over the estimated life of the portfolio, which will be affected by the pace and degree of improvements in the U.S. economy and housing markets and projected lifetime performance resulting from loan modification activity. Changes in the projected timing of cash flow events, including loan liquidations, modifications and short sales, can also affect the accretable yield and the estimated weighted-average life of the portfolio.
For further information on the judgment involved in estimating expected cash flows for PCI loans, see the “Critical Accounting Policies – Purchased Credit-Impaired Loans” section and Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K.
Risk Management - Credit Risk Management (continued)

For further information on the Pick-a-Pay portfolio, including recast risk, deferral of interest and loan modifications, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Pick-a-Pay Portfolio” section in our 2016 Form 10-K.
Junior Lien Mortgage Portfolio  The junior lien mortgage portfolio consists of residential mortgage lines and loans that are subordinate in rights to an existing lien on the same property. It is not unusual for these lines and loans to have draw periods, interest only payments, balloon payments, adjustable rates and similar features. Junior lien loan products are mostly amortizing payment loans with fixed interest rates and repayment periods between five to 30 years. 
We continuously monitor the credit performance of our junior lien mortgage portfolio for trends and factors that influence the frequency and severity of loss. We have observed that the severity of loss for junior lien mortgages is high and generally not affected by whether we or a third party own or service the related first lien mortgage, but the frequency of delinquency is typically lower when we own or service the first lien mortgage. In general, we have limited information available on the delinquency status of the third party owned or serviced senior lien where we also hold a junior lien. To capture this inherent loss content, our allowance process for junior lien mortgages considers the relative difference in loss experience for
junior lien mortgages behind first lien mortgage loans we own or service, compared with those behind first lien mortgage loans owned or serviced by third parties. In addition, our allowance process for junior lien mortgages that are current, but are in their revolving period, considers the inherent loss where the borrower is delinquent on the corresponding first lien mortgage loans.
Table 20 shows certain delinquency and loss information for the junior lien mortgage portfolio and lists the top five states by outstanding balance. The decrease in outstanding balances since December 31, 2016, predominantly reflects loan paydowns. As of September 30, 2017, 10% of the outstanding balance of the junior lien mortgage portfolio was associated with loans that had a combined loan to value (CLTV) ratio in excess of 100%. Of those junior lien mortgages with a CLTV ratio in excess of 100%, 2.96% were 30 days or more past due. CLTV meansrepresents the ratio of the total loan balance of first lien mortgages and junior lien mortgages (including unused line amounts for credit line products) to property collateral value. The unsecured portion (the outstanding amount that was in excess of the most recent property collateral value) of the outstanding balances of these loans totaled 3% of the junior lien mortgage portfolio at September 30, 2017. For additional information on consumer loans by LTV/CLTV,regarding credit quality indicators, see Table 5.12 in Note 54 (Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Wells Fargo & Company31


We continue to modify residential mortgage loans to assist homeowners and other borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. For additional information on loan modifications, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Residential Mortgage Loans” section in our 2021 Form 10-K. Customer payment deferral activities instituted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic could continue to delay the recognition of delinquencies. For information on customer accommodations, including loan modifications, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – COVID-Related Lending Accommodations” section in our 2021 Form 10-K.
Residential Mortgage – First Lien Portfolio Our residential mortgage – first lien portfolio increased $3.0 billion from
December 31, 2021, driven by originations of $18.4 billion, partially offset by loan paydowns and the transfer of $2.8 billion of first lien mortgage loans to loans held for sale (LHFS), substantially all of which related to the sales of loans purchased from GNMA loan securitization pools in prior periods.
Table 20:Junior13 shows certain delinquency and loss information for the residential mortgage – first lien portfolio and lists the top five states by outstanding balance.
Table 13:Residential Mortgage – First Lien Mortgage Portfolio Performance
Outstanding balance% of total loans% of loans 30 days
or more past due
Net loan charge-off rate quarter ended (1)(2)
($ in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
California (3)$104,552 100,933 11.47 %11.27 0.76 0.95 (0.01)0.01
New York30,498 30,039 3.34 3.35 1.01 1.34 (0.03)0.50
New Jersey10,184 10,205 1.12 1.14 1.55 1.95 0.01 0.40
Florida10,077 9,978 1.11 1.11 1.60 1.93 (0.06)0.64
Washington9,097 8,636 1.00 0.96 0.36 0.47  0.02
Other (4)70,264 69,321 7.71 7.74 1.17 1.48 0.01 0.25
Total234,672 229,112 25.75 25.57 0.97 1.23  0.18
Government insured/guaranteed loans (5)10,570 13,158 1.16 1.47 
Total first lien mortgage portfolio$245,242 242,270 26.91 27.04 
 Outstanding balance  % of loans 30 days or more past due Loss (recovery) rate (annualized) quarter ended 
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

 Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016
 Sep 30,
2017

 Jun 30,
2017

 Mar 31,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

 Sep 30,
2016

California$11,006
 12,539
 1.89% 1.86 (0.46) (0.42) (0.37) (0.18) (0.13)
Florida3,824
 4,252
 2.78
 2.17 0.06
 (0.10) 0.30
 0.47
 0.56
New Jersey3,704
 4,031
 2.79
 2.79 0.58
 0.44
 1.06
 1.36
 0.96
Virginia2,442
 2,696
 1.93
 1.97 0.33
 0.17
 0.48
 0.67
 0.55
Pennsylvania2,275
 2,494
 2.07
 2.07 0.47
 0.29
 0.67
 1.01
 0.75
Other17,872
 20,189
 2.11
 2.09 0.06
 0.05
 0.28
 0.39
 0.51
 Total41,123

46,201
 2.16
 2.09 
 (0.03) 0.21
 0.38
 0.40
PCI29
 36
              
Total junior lien mortgages$41,152
 46,237
              
(1)Quarterly net charge-offs as a percentage of average respective loans are annualized.


Our junior lien, as well as first lien, lines(2)The net loan charge-off rate for the quarter ended December 31, 2021, includes $120 million of credit portfolios generally have draw periods of 10, 15 or 20 years with variable interest rate and payment options during the draw period of (1) interest only or (2) 1.5% of outstanding principal balance plus accrued interest. During the draw period, the borrower has the option of converting all or a portion of the line from a variable interest rateloan charge-offs related to a fixed ratechange in practice to fully charge-off certain delinquent legacy residential mortgage loans.
(3)Our residential mortgage loans to borrowers in California are located predominantly within the larger metropolitan areas, with terms including interest-only payments for a fixed period between three to seven years or a fully amortizing payment with a fixed period between five to 30 years. Atno single California metropolitan area consisting of more than 4% of total loans.
(4)Consists of 45 states; no state in Other had loans in excess of $7.3 billion and $7.2 billion at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.
(5)Represents loans, substantially all of which were repurchased from GNMA loan securitization pools, where the end of the draw period, a line of credit generally converts to an amortizing payment schedule with repayment terms of up to 30 years based on the balance at time of conversion. Certain lines and loans have been structured with a balloon payment, which requires full repayment of the loans is predominantly insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). For additional information on GNMA loan securitization pools, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Mortgage Banking Activities” section in this Report.
Residential Mortgage – Junior Lien Portfolio Our residential mortgage – junior lien portfolio decreased $1.2 billion from December 31, 2021, driven by loan paydowns.
Table 14 shows certain delinquency and loss information for the residential mortgage – junior lien portfolio and lists the top five states by outstanding balance atbalance.
Table 14:Residential Mortgage – Junior Lien Portfolio Performance
Outstanding balance % of total loans
% of loans 30 days
or more past due
Net loan charge-off rate quarter ended (1)(2)
($ in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
California$3,984 4,310 0.44 %0.48 3.23 3.52 (0.48)(0.24)
New Jersey1,625 1,728 0.18 0.19 2.98 2.98 (0.11)0.54 
Florida1,396 1,533 0.15 0.17 2.33 2.54 (0.59)0.87 
Pennsylvania972 1,039 0.11 0.12 2.16 2.19  0.12 
New York913 975 0.10 0.11 3.82 4.05 (0.22)2.71 
Other (3)6,502 7,033 0.71 0.79 2.40 2.25 (0.59)(0.11)
Total junior lien mortgage portfolio$15,392 16,618 1.69 %1.86 2.74 2.91 (0.46)0.19 
(1)Quarterly net charge-offs as a percentage of average respective loans are annualized.
(2)The net loan charge-off rate for the endquarter ended December 31, 2021, includes $32 million of the term period. The conversion of lines or loansloan charge-offs related to a change in practice to fully amortizing or balloon payoff may resultcharge-off certain delinquent legacy residential mortgage loans.
(3)Consists of 45 states; no state in a significant payment increase, which can affect some borrowers’ ability to repay the outstanding balance.Other had loans in excess of $910 million and $980 million at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
On a monthly basis, we monitor the payment characteristics of borrowers in our junior lien portfolio. In September 2017, approximately 48% of these borrowers paid only the minimum amount due and approximately 46% paid more than the minimum amount due. The rest were either delinquent or paid less than the minimum amount due. For the borrowers with an

interest only payment feature, approximately 33% paid only the minimum amount due and approximately 62% paid more than the minimum amount due.
The lines that enter their amortization period may experience higher delinquencies and higher loss rates than the ones in their draw or term period. We have considered this increased inherent risk in our allowance for credit loss estimate.
32Wells Fargo & Company
In anticipation of our borrowers reaching the end of their contractual commitment, we have created a program to inform, educate and help these borrowers transition from interest-only to fully-amortizing payments or full repayment. We monitor the performance of the borrowers moving through the program in an effort to refine our ongoing program strategy.


CREDIT CARD, AUTO AND OTHER CONSUMER LOANSTable 21 reflects15 shows the outstanding balance of our portfolio of junior lien mortgages, including linescredit card, auto and other consumer loan portfolios. For information regarding credit quality indicators for these portfolios, see Note 4 (Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Table 15: Credit Card, Auto, and Other Consumer Loans
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
($ in millions)Outstanding
balance
% of
total
loans
Outstanding
balance
% of
total
loans
Credit card$38,639 4.24 %$38,453 4.29 %
Auto57,083 6.26 56,659 6.33 
Other consumer (1)28,737 3.15 28,274 3.16 
Total$124,459 13.65 %$123,386 13.78 %
(1)Other consumer loans and senior lien lines segregated into scheduled end of draw or end of term periods and products that are currently amortizing, or in balloon repayment status. It excludes real estate 1-4 family first lien line reverse mortgages, which total $144 million, because they are predominantly insured by the FHA, and it excludes PCI loans, which total $51 million, because their losses were generally reflected in our nonaccretable difference established at the date of acquisition.
primarily include securities-based loans.
Table 21:Junior Lien Mortgage Line and Loan and Senior Lien Mortgage Line Portfolios Payment Schedule
     Scheduled end of draw / term   
(in millions)Outstanding balance September 30, 2017
 Remainder of 2017
 2018
 2019
 2020
 2021
 
2022 and
thereafter (1)

 Amortizing
Junior lien lines and loans$41,123
 538
 1,771
 770
 703
 1,410
 22,562
 13,369
First lien lines13,809
 89
 578
 284
 263
 616
 9,899
 2,080
Total (2)(3)$54,932
 627
 2,349
 1,054
 966
 2,026
 32,461
 15,449
% of portfolios100% 1
 4
 2
 2
 4
 59
 28
(1)
Substantially all lines and loans are scheduled to convert to amortizing loans by the end of 2026, with annual scheduled amounts through that date ranging from $4.2 billion to $7.2 billion and averaging $6.1 billion per year.
(2)
Junior and first lien lines are mostly interest-only during their draw period. The unfunded credit commitments for junior and first lien lines totaled $63.1 billion at September 30, 2017.
(3)
Includes scheduled end-of-term balloon payments for lines and loans totaling $52 million, $257 million, $278 million, $304 million, $479 million and $279 million for 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 and thereafter, respectively. Amortizing lines and loans include $100 million of end-of-term balloon payments, which are past due. At September 30, 2017, $533 million, or 4% of outstanding lines of credit that are amortizing, are 30 days or more past due compared to $649 million or 2% for lines in their draw period.
CREDIT CARDS  Our credit card portfolio totaled $36.2 billion at September 30, 2017, which represented 4% of our total outstanding loans. The net charge-off rate (annualized) for our credit card portfolio was 3.08% for third quarter 2017, compared with 2.82% for third quarter 2016 and 3.43% and 3.07% for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively, principally from seasoning of newer vintages.
AUTOMOBILEOur automobile portfolio, predominantly composed of indirect loans, totaled $55.5 billion at September 30, 2017. The net charge-off rate (annualized) for our automobile portfolio was 1.41% for third quarter 2017, compared with 0.87% for third quarter 2016 and 1.12% and 0.77% for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively. The increase in net charge-offs in 2017, compared with 2016, was due to increased loss severities resulting from a temporary moratorium on certain repossessions for customers who have had collateral protection insurance (CPI) policies purchased on their behalf while we remediate the previously disclosed CPI issues, as well as updated industry regulatory guidance regarding the timing of loss recognition for automobile loans in bankruptcy, and also reflected the current trend of increased charge-offs in the automobile lending industry.

OTHER REVOLVING CREDIT AND INSTALLMENTOther revolving credit and installment loans totaled $38.7 billion at September 30, 2017, and primarily included student and securities-based loans. Our private student loan portfolio totaled $12.2 billion at September 30, 2017. All remaining student loans guaranteed by agencies on behalf of the U.S. Department of Education under the Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP) were sold as of March 31, 2017. The net charge-off rate (annualized) for other revolving credit and installment loans was 1.44% for third quarter 2017, compared with 1.40% for third quarter 2016 and 1.54% and 1.38% for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Risk Management - Credit Risk Management (continued)

NONPERFORMING ASSETS (NONACCRUAL LOANS AND FORECLOSED ASSETS)Table 22 summarizes nonperforming assets (NPAs) for each of the last four quarters. Total NPAs decreased $512 million from second quarter 2017 to $9.3 billion with improvement across our consumer and commercial portfolios. Nonaccrual loans decreased $437 million from second quarter 2017 to $8.6 billion reflecting declines in commercial and industrial nonaccruals, as well as continued lower consumer real estate nonaccruals. Foreclosed assets of $706 million were down $75 million from second quarter 2017.

WeFor information about when we generally place loans on nonaccrual status, when:
the full and timely collectionsee Note 1 (Summary of interest or principal becomes uncertain (generally based on an assessment of the borrower’s financial condition and the adequacy of collateral, if any);
they are 90 days (120 days with respectSignificant Accounting Policies) to real estate 1-4 family first and junior lien mortgages) past due for interest
or principal, unless both well-secured andFinancial Statements in our 2021 Form 10-K. Customer payment deferral activities in the processresidential mortgage portfolio instituted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic could continue to delay the recognition of collection;nonaccrual loans for those residential mortgage customers who would have otherwise moved into nonaccrual status. For information on customer accommodations, including loan modifications, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – COVID-Related Lending Accommodations” section in our 2021 Form 10-K.
part ofTable 16 summarizes nonperforming assets (NPAs).
Table 16:Nonperforming Assets (Nonaccrual Loans and Foreclosed Assets)
($ in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Nonaccrual loans:
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial$799 980 
Real estate mortgage1,033 1,235 
Real estate construction4 13 
Lease financing117 148 
Total commercial1,953 2,376 
Consumer:
Residential mortgage – first lien (1)3,873 3,803 
Residential mortgage – junior lien (1)802 801 
Auto208 198 
Other consumer35 34 
Total consumer4,918 4,836 
Total nonaccrual loans$6,871 7,212 
As a percentage of total loans0.75 %0.81 
Foreclosed assets:
Government insured/guaranteed (2)$16 16 
Non-government insured/guaranteed114 96 
Total foreclosed assets130 112 
Total nonperforming assets$7,001 7,324 
As a percentage of total loans0.77 %0.82 
(1)Residential mortgage loans predominantly insured by the principal balance has been charged off;
for junior lien mortgages, we have evidence thatFHA or guaranteed by the related first lien mortgage may be 120 days past due or in the process of foreclosure regardless of the junior lien delinquency status; or
consumer real estate and automobile loans receive notification of bankruptcy, regardless of their delinquency status.

Credit card loansVA are not placed on nonaccrual status butbecause they are generally fully charged off wheninsured or guaranteed.
(2)Consistent with regulatory reporting requirements, foreclosed real estate resulting from government insured/guaranteed loans are classified as nonperforming. Both principal and interest related to these foreclosed real estate assets are collectible because the loan reaches 180 days past due.loans were predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA. Receivables related to the foreclosure of certain government guaranteed real estate mortgage loans are excluded from this table and included in Accounts Receivable in Other Assets. For additional information on the classification of certain government-guaranteed mortgage loans upon foreclosure, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in our 2021 Form 10-K.
Commercial nonaccrual loans decreased $423 million from December 31, 2021, predominantly due to a decline in commercial and industrial nonaccrual loans, primarily in the oil, gas, and pipelines industry, and a decline in real estate mortgage nonaccrual loans. For additional information on commercial nonaccrual loans, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Commercial and Industrial Loans and Lease Financing” and “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Commercial Real Estate” sections in this Report.
Consumer nonaccrual loans increased $82 million from December 31, 2021, driven by an increase in residential mortgage nonaccrual loans primarily resulting from certain customers exiting COVID-19-related accommodation programs. Customers requiring further payment assistance after exiting from these programs may have their loans modified or may be eligible to receive modifications.

Table 22:Nonperforming Assets (Nonaccrual Loans and Foreclosed Assets)
  September 30, 2017  June 30, 2017  March 31, 2017  December 31, 2016 
($ in millions) Balance
 
% of
total
loans

 Balance
 
% of
total
loans

 Balance
 
% of
total
loans

 Balance
 
% of
total
loans

Nonaccrual loans:                
Commercial:                
Commercial and industrial $2,397
 0.73% $2,632
 0.79% $2,898
 0.88% $3,216
 0.97%
Real estate mortgage 593
 0.46
 630
 0.48
 672
 0.51
 685
 0.52
Real estate construction 38
 0.15
 34
 0.13
 40
 0.16
 43
 0.18
Lease financing 81
 0.42
 89
 0.46
 96
 0.50
 115
 0.60
Total commercial 3,109
 0.62
 3,385
 0.67
 3,706
 0.73
 4,059
 0.80
Consumer:                
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage (1) 4,213
 1.50
 4,413
 1.60
 4,743
 1.73
 4,962
 1.80
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage 1,101
 2.68
 1,095
 2.56
 1,153
 2.60
 1,206
 2.61
Automobile 137
 0.25
 104
 0.18
 101
 0.17
 106
 0.17
Other revolving credit and installment 59
 0.15
 59
 0.15
 56
 0.14
 51
 0.13
Total consumer (2) 5,510
 1.22
 5,671
 1.26
 6,053
 1.34
 6,325
 1.37
Total nonaccrual loans (3)(4)(5) 8,619
 0.91
 9,056
 0.95
 9,759
 1.02
 10,384
 1.07
Foreclosed assets:                
Government insured/guaranteed (6) 137
   149
   179
   197
  
Non-government insured/guaranteed 569
   632
   726
   781
  
Total foreclosed assets 706
   781
   905
   978
  
Total nonperforming assets $9,325
 0.98% $9,837
 1.03% $10,664
 1.11% $11,362
 1.17%
Change in NPAs from prior quarter $(512)   (827)   (698)   (644)  
(1)
Includes MHFS of $133 million, $140 million, $145 million, and $149 million at September 30, June 30, and March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
Wells Fargo & Company
33
(2)Includes an incremental $171 million of nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2017, reflecting updated industry regulatory guidance related to loans in bankruptcy.
(3)Excludes PCI loans because they continue to earn interest income from accretable yield, independent of performance in accordance with their contractual terms.
(4)Real estate 1-4 family mortgage loans predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA and student loans largely guaranteed by agencies on behalf of the U.S. Department of Education under the FFELP are not placed on nonaccrual status because they are insured or guaranteed. All remaining student loans guaranteed under the FFELP were sold as of March 31, 2017.
(5)See Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report for further information on impaired loans.
(6)
Consistent with regulatory reporting requirements, foreclosed real estate resulting from government insured/guaranteed loans are classified as nonperforming. However, both principal and interest related to these foreclosed real estate assets are collectible because the loans were predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA. Foreclosure of certain government guaranteed residential real estate mortgage loans that meet criteria specified by Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2014-14, Classification of Certain Government-Guaranteed Mortgage Loans Upon Foreclosure, effective as of January 1, 2014 are excluded from this table and included in Accounts Receivable in Other Assets. For more information on the changes in foreclosures for government guaranteed residential real estate mortgage loans, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K.



Table 2317 provides an analysis of the changes in nonaccrual loans.
Table 23:Analysis of Changes in Nonaccrual Loans
 Quarter ended 
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 Jun 30,
2017

 Mar 31,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

 Sep 30,
2016

Commercial nonaccrual loans         
Balance, beginning of period$3,385
 3,706
 4,059
 4,262
 4,507
Inflows627
 704
 945
 951
 1,180
Outflows:         
Returned to accruing(97) (61) (133) (59) (80)
Foreclosures(3) (15) (1) (15) (1)
Charge-offs(173) (116) (202) (292) (290)
Payments, sales and other(630) (833) (962) (788) (1,054)
Total outflows(903) (1,025) (1,298) (1,154) (1,425)
Balance, end of period3,109

3,385

3,706

4,059

4,262
Consumer nonaccrual loans         
Balance, beginning of period5,671
 6,053
 6,325
 6,724
 7,456
Inflows (1)887
 676
 814
 863
 868
Outflows:         
Returned to accruing(397) (425) (428) (410) (597)
Foreclosures(56) (72) (81) (59) (85)
Charge-offs(109) (117) (151) (158) (192)
Payments, sales and other(486) (444) (426) (635) (726)
Total outflows(1,048) (1,058) (1,086) (1,262) (1,600)
Balance, end of period5,510

5,671

6,053

6,325

6,724
Total nonaccrual loans$8,619
 9,056
 9,759
 10,384
 10,986
(1)Quarter ended September 30, 2017, includes an incremental $171 million of nonaccrual loans, reflecting updated industry regulatory guidance related to loans in bankruptcy.

Typically, changes to nonaccrual loans period-over-period represent inflows for loans that are placed on nonaccrual status in accordance with our policy,policies, offset by reductions for loans
that are paid down, charged off, sold, foreclosed, or are no longer classified as nonaccrual as a result of continued performance and an improvement in the borrower’s financial condition and loan repayment capabilities. Also, reductions can come from borrower repayments even if
Table 17:Analysis of Changes in Nonaccrual Loans
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Commercial nonaccrual loans
Balance, beginning of period$2,376 4,779 
Inflows191 773 
Outflows:
Returned to accruing(194)(177)
Foreclosures(19)(6)
Charge-offs(35)(202)
Payments, sales and other(366)(937)
Total outflows(614)(1,322)
Balance, end of period1,953 4,230 
Consumer nonaccrual loans
Balance, beginning of period4,836 3,949 
Inflows594 454 
Outflows:
Returned to accruing(186)(152)
Foreclosures(18)(19)
Charge-offs(74)(26)
Payments, sales and other(234)(381)
Total outflows(512)(578)
Balance, end of period4,918 3,825 
Total nonaccrual loans$6,871 8,055 
We considered the loan remainsrisk of losses on nonaccrual.
While nonaccrual loans are not free of loss content, wein developing our allowance for loan losses. We believe exposure to losslosses on nonaccrual loans is significantly mitigated by the following factors at September 30, 2017:March 31, 2022:
98%94% of total commercial nonaccrual loans and 99%are secured, the majority of total consumer nonaccrual loans are secured. Of the consumer nonaccrual loans, 96%which are secured by real estate and 81% have a combined LTV (CLTV) ratio of 80% or less.
estate.
losses of $380 million and $1.9 billion have already been recognized on 16% of commercial nonaccrual loans and 45% of consumer nonaccrual loans, respectively. Generally, when a consumer real estate loan is 120 days past due (except when required earlier by guidance issued by bank regulatory agencies), we transfer it to nonaccrual status. When the loan reaches 180 days past due, or is discharged in bankruptcy, it is our policy to write these loans down to net realizable value (fair value of collateral less estimated costs to sell), except for modifications in their trial period that are not written down as long as trial payments are made on time. Thereafter, we reevaluate each loan regularly and record additional write-downs if needed.

88%80% of commercial nonaccrual loans were current on interest and 78% of commercial nonaccrual loans were current on both principal and interest, but were on nonaccrual status because the full or timely collection of interest or principal had become uncertain.
82%99% of commercialtotal consumer nonaccrual loans were current on both principalare secured, of which 95% are secured by real estate and interest, and will remain on nonaccrual until96% have a combined LTV (CLTV) ratio of 80% or less.
$664 million of the full and timely collection of principal and interest becomes certain.
the remaining risk of loss of all nonaccrual loans has been considered and we believe is adequately covered by the allowance for loan losses.
of $2.4 billion$858 million of consumer loans in bankruptcy or discharged in bankruptcy, and classified as nonaccrual, $1.5 billionwere current.


We continue to work with our customers experiencing financial difficulty to determine if they can qualify for a loan modification so that they can stay in their homes. Under both our proprietary modification programs and the Making Home Affordable (MHA) programs, customers may be required to provide updated documentation, and some programs require completion of payment during trial periods to demonstrate sustained performance before the loan can be removed from nonaccrual status.
34Wells Fargo & Company

Risk Management - Credit Risk Management (continued)


Table 2418 provides a summary of foreclosed assets and an analysis of changes in foreclosed assets.


Table 24:18:Foreclosed Assets
(in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Summary by loan segment
Government insured/guaranteed$16 16 
Commercial71 54 
Consumer43 42 
Total foreclosed assets$130 112 
(in millions)Quarter ended March 31,
20222021
Analysis of changes in foreclosed assets
Balance, beginning of period$112 159 
Net change in government insured/guaranteed (1) (2)
Additions to foreclosed assets (2)102 88 
Reductions from sales and write-downs(84)(105)
Balance, end of period$130 140 
(1)Foreclosed government insured/guaranteed loans are temporarily transferred to and held by us as servicer, until reimbursement is received from FHA or VA.
(2)Includes loans moved into foreclosed assets from nonaccrual status and repossessed autos.

As part of our actions to support customers during the COVID-19 pandemic, we temporarily suspended certain residential mortgage foreclosure activities through December 31, 2021. Beginning January 1, 2022, we resumed these mortgage foreclosure activities. For additional information on loans in process of foreclosure, see Note 4 (Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 Jun 30,
2017

 Mar 31,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

 Sep 30,
2016

Summary by loan segment         
Government insured/guaranteed$137
 149
 179
 197
 282
PCI loans:         
Commercial67
 79
 84
 91
 98
Consumer72
 67
 80
 75
 88
Total PCI loans139
 146
 164
 166
 186
All other loans:         
Commercial226
 259
 275
 287
 298
Consumer204
 227
 287
 328
 254
Total all other loans430
 486
 562
 615
 552
Total foreclosed assets$706
 781
 905
 978
 1,020
Analysis of changes in foreclosed assets (1)
         
Balance, beginning of period$781
 905
 978
 1,020
 1,117
Net change in government insured/guaranteed (2)(12) (30) (18) (85) (39)
Additions to foreclosed assets (3)198
 233
 288
 405
 261
Reductions:         
Sales(257) (330) (307) (296) (421)
Write-downs and gains (losses) on sales(4) 3
 (36) (66) 102
Total reductions(261) (327) (343) (362) (319)
Balance, end of period$706
 781
 905
 978
 1,020
(1)During fourth quarter 2016, we evaluated a population of foreclosed properties that were previously security for FHA insured loans, and made the decision to retain some of the properties as foreclosed real estate, thereby foregoing the FHA insurance claim. Accordingly, the loans for which we decided not to file a claim are reported as additions to foreclosed assets rather than included as net change in government insured/guaranteed foreclosures.Wells Fargo & Company35
(2)Foreclosed government insured/guaranteed loans are temporarily transferred to and held by us as servicer, until reimbursement is received from FHA or VA. The net change in government insured/guaranteed foreclosed assets is generally made up of inflows from mortgages held for investment and MHFS, and outflows when we are reimbursed by FHA/VA.
(3)Includes loans moved into foreclosure from nonaccrual status, PCI loans transitioned directly to foreclosed assets and repossessed automobiles.



Foreclosed assets at September 30, 2017, included $398 million of foreclosed residential real estate, of which 34% is predominantly FHA insured or VA guaranteed and expected to have minimal or no loss content. The remaining foreclosed assets balance of $308 million has been written down to estimated net realizable value. Of the $706 million in foreclosed assets at September 30, 2017, 56% have been in the foreclosed assets portfolio one year or less.


TROUBLED DEBT RESTRUCTURINGS (TDRs)

Table 25:Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs)
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017


Jun 30,
2017


Mar 31,
2017


Dec 31,
2016


Sep 30,
2016

Commercial:         
Commercial and industrial$2,424
 2,629
 2,484
 2,584
 2,445
Real estate mortgage953
 1,024
 1,090
 1,119
 1,256
Real estate construction48
 62
 73
 91
 95
Lease financing39
 21
 8
 6
 8
Total commercial TDRs3,464
 3,736
 3,655
 3,800
 3,804
Consumer:         
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage12,617
 13,141
 13,680
 14,134
 14,761
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage1,919
 1,975
 2,027
 2,074
 2,144
Credit Card340
 316
 308
 300
 294
Automobile88
 85
 80
 85
 89
Other revolving credit and installment124
 118
 107
 101
 93
Trial modifications183
 215
 261
 299
 348
Total consumer TDRs (1)15,271
 15,850
 16,463
 16,993
 17,729
Total TDRs$18,735
 19,586
 20,118
 20,793
 21,533
TDRs on nonaccrual status$5,218
 5,637
 5,819
 6,193
 6,429
TDRs on accrual status (1)13,517
 13,949
 14,299
 14,600
 15,104
Total TDRs$18,735
 19,586
 20,118
 20,793
 21,533
(1)
TDR loans include $1.4 billion, $1.4 billion, $1.5 billion, $1.5 billion, and $1.6 billion at September 30, June 30 and March 31,2017, and December 31 and September 30,2016, respectively, of government insured/guaranteed loans that are predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA and accruing.
Table 2519 provides information regarding the recorded investment of loans modified in TDRs. The allowance for loan losses for TDRs was $1.6 billion and $2.2 billion at September 30, 2017, anddecreased from December 31, 2016, respectively. See Note 5 (Loans2021, predominantly driven by a decrease in residential mortgage – first lien loans, partially offset by an increase in trial modifications. The decrease in residential mortgage – first lien loans was due to paydowns and Allowancetransfers to LHFS, which related to sales of repurchased loans from GNMA loan securitization pools.
The amount of our TDRs at March 31, 2022, would have otherwise been higher without the TDR relief provided by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act)
and the Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and Reporting for Credit Losses)Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus (Revised) (Interagency Statement). Customers who are unable to Financial Statements in this Report forresume making their contractual loan payments upon exiting from these deferral programs may require further assistance and may receive or be eligible to receive modifications, which may be classified as TDRs. For additional information regarding TDRs. In those situations where principal is forgiven, the entire amount of such forgiveness is immediately charged off to the extent not done so prior to the modification. When we delay the timing on the repayment of a portion of principal (principal forbearance), we charge offCARES Act and the amount of forbearance if that amount is not considered fully collectible.Interagency Statement, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – COVID-Related Lending Accommodations” section in our 2021 Form 10-K.
Table 19:TDR Balances
March 31,December 31,
(in millions)20222021
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial$672 793 
Real estate mortgage530 543 
Real estate construction2 
Lease financing8 10 
Total commercial TDRs1,212 1,348 
Consumer:
Residential mortgage – first lien6,757 7,282 
Residential mortgage – junior lien906 946 
Credit card329 309 
Auto179 169 
Other consumer52 57 
Trial modifications277 71 
Total consumer TDRs8,500 8,834 
Total TDRs$9,712 10,182 
TDRs on nonaccrual status$3,270 3,142 
TDRs on accrual status:
Government insured/guaranteed2,068 2,462 
Non-government insured/guaranteed4,374 4,578 
Total TDRs$9,712 10,182 
36Wells Fargo & Company


For more information on our nonaccrual policies when a restructuring is involved, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Troubled Debt Restructurings (TDRs)” section in our 20162021 Form 10-K. See Note 4 (Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information regarding TDRs.
Table 2620 provides an analysis of the changes in TDRs. Loans modified more than once as a TDR are reported as TDR inflows only in the period they are first modified. Other than resolutions such asIn addition to foreclosures, sales and transfers to held for sale, we may remove loans held for investment from TDR classification, but only if they have been refinanced or restructured at market terms and qualify as a new loan.
Risk Management - Credit Risk Management (continued)


Table 26:20:Analysis of Changes in TDRs
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Commercial TDRs
Balance, beginning of period$1,348 2,731 
Inflows (1)87 155 
Outflows
Charge-offs(1)(49)
Foreclosure (5)
Payments, sales and other (2)(222)(819)
Balance, end of period1,212 2,013 
Consumer TDRs
Balance, beginning of period8,834 11,792 
Inflows (1)458 633 
Outflows
Charge-offs(33)(43)
Foreclosure(12)(14)
Payments, sales and other (2)(953)(1,024)
Net change in trial modifications (3)206 (9)
Balance, end of period8,500 11,335 
Total TDRs$9,712 13,348 
(1)Inflows include loans that modify, even if they resolve within the period, as well as gross advances on term loans that modified in a prior period and net advances on revolving TDRs that modified in a prior period.
(2)Other outflows include normal amortization/accretion of loan basis adjustments and loans transferred to LHFS. Occasionally, loans that have been refinanced or restructured at market terms qualify as new loans, which are also included as other outflows.
(3)Net change in trial modifications includes: inflows of new TDRs entering the trial payment period, net of outflows for modifications that either (i) successfully perform and enter into a permanent modification, or (ii) did not successfully perform according to the terms of the trial period plan and are subsequently charged-off, foreclosed upon or otherwise resolved.
     Quarter ended 
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 Jun 30,
2017

 Mar 31,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

 Sep 30,
2016

Commercial:         
Balance, beginning of quarter$3,736
 3,655
 3,800
 3,804
 3,386
Inflows (1)333
 730
 642
 615
 914
Outflows         
Charge-offs(74) (59) (108) (120) (76)
Foreclosures(2) (12) 
 (13) (2)
Payments, sales and other (2)(529) (578) (679) (486) (418)
Balance, end of quarter3,464
 3,736
 3,655
 3,800
 3,804
Consumer:         
Balance, beginning of quarter15,850
 16,463
 16,993
 17,729
 18,565
Inflows (1)461
 444
 517
 513
 542
Outflows         
Charge-offs(51) (51) (51) (48) (65)
Foreclosures(146) (159) (179) (166) (230)
Payments, sales and other (2)(811) (801) (779) (987) (1,067)
Net change in trial modifications (3)(32) (46) (38) (48) (16)
Balance, end of quarter15,271
 15,850
 16,463
 16,993
 17,729
Total TDRs$18,735
 19,586
 20,118
 20,793
 21,533
(1)Inflows include loans that modify, even if they resolve within the period as well as advances on loans that modified in a prior period.Wells Fargo & Company37
(2)
Other outflows include normal amortization/accretion of loan basis adjustments and loans transferred to held-for-sale. It also includes $6 million and $4 million of loans refinanced or restructured at market terms and qualifying as new loans and removed from TDR classification for the quarters ended September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, while no loans were removed from TDR classification for the quarters ended June 30 and March 31, 2017, and September 30, 2016.


(3)Net change in trial modifications includes: inflows of new TDRs entering the trial payment period, net of outflows for modifications that either (i) successfully perform and enter into a permanent modification, or (ii) did not successfully perform according to the terms of the trial period plan and are subsequently charged-off, foreclosed upon or otherwise resolved.


LOANS 90 DAYS OR MORE PAST DUE AND STILL ACCRUINGNET CHARGE-OFFSTable 21 presents net loan charge-offs.
Loans 90 days or more past due

Table 21:Net Loan Charge-offs
Quarter ended March 31,
20222021
($ in millions)Net loan
charge-
offs
% of
avg.
loans (1)
Net loan
charge-
offs
% of
avg.
loans (1)
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial$(23)(0.03)%$88 0.11 %
Real estate mortgage(5)(0.02)46 0.16 
Real estate construction  — — 
Lease financing(1)(0.02)15 0.40 
Total commercial(29)(0.02)149 0.13 
Consumer:
Residential mortgage – first lien(3) (24)(0.04)
Residential mortgage – junior lien(18)(0.46)(19)(0.35)
Credit card176 1.87 236 2.71 
Auto96 0.68 52 0.44 
Other consumer83 1.20 119 1.97 
Total consumer334 0.35 364 0.37 
Total$305 0.14 %$513 0.24 %
(1)Quarterly net charge-offs as to interest or principal are still accruing if they are (1) well-secured and in the processa percentage of collection or (2) real estate 1-4 family mortgage loans or consumer loans exempt under regulatory rules from being classified as nonaccrual until later delinquency, usually 120 days past due. PCIaverage respective loans are not included in past due and still accruing loans even when they are 90 days or more contractually past due. These PCI loans are considered to be accruing because they continue to earn interest from accretable yield, independent of performance in accordance with their contractual terms.
Excluding insured/guaranteed loans, loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing at September 30, 2017, were down $11 million, or 1%, from December 31, 2016, due to payoffs, modifications and other loss mitigation activities and credit
annualized.
stabilization. Also, fluctuations from quarter to quarter are influenced by seasonality.
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing whose repayments are predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA for mortgages were $9.3 billion at September 30, 2017, down from $10.9 billion at December 31, 2016, due to improving credit trends. All remaining student loans guaranteed by agencies on behalf of the U.S. Department of Education under the FFELP were sold as of March 31, 2017.
Table 27 reflects non-PCI loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing by class for loans not government insured/guaranteed. For additional information on delinquencies by loan class, see Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Table 27:Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing
(in millions)Sep 30, 2017
 Jun 30, 2017
 Mar 31, 2017
 Dec 31, 2016
 Sep 30, 2016
Total (excluding PCI (1)):$10,227
 9,716
 10,525
 11,858
 12,068
Less: FHA insured/VA guaranteed (2)(3)9,266
 8,873
 9,585
 10,883
 11,198
Less: Student loans guaranteed under the FFELP (4)
 
 
 3
 17
Total, not government insured/guaranteed$961
 843
 940
 972
 853
By segment and class, not government insured/guaranteed:
Commercial:
         
Commercial and industrial$27
 42
 88
 28
 47
Real estate mortgage11
 2
 11
 36
 4
Real estate construction
 10
 3
 
 
Total commercial38

54

102

64

51
Consumer:         
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage (3)190
 145
 149
 175
 171
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage (3)49
 44
 42
 56
 54
Credit card475
 411
 453
 452
 392
Automobile111
 91
 79
 112
 81
Other revolving credit and installment98
 98
 115
 113
 104
Total consumer923
 789

838

908

802
Total, not government insured/guaranteed$961
 843

940

972

853
(1)
PCI loans totaled $1.4 billion, $1.5 billion, $1.8 billion, $2.0 billion, and $2.2 billion at September 30, June 30 and March 31, 2017 and December 31 and September 30,2016, respectively.
(2)Represents loans whose repayments are predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA.
(3)Includes mortgages held for sale 90 days or more past due and still accruing.
(4)Represents loans whose repayments are largely guaranteed by agencies on behalf of the U.S. Department of Education under the FFELP. All remaining student loans guaranteed under the FFELP were sold as of March 31, 2017.

Risk Management - Credit Risk Management (continued)

NET CHARGE-OFFS

Table 28:Net Charge-offs
               Quarter ended  
 Sep 30, 2017  Jun 30, 2017  Mar 31, 2017  Dec 31, 2016  Sep 30, 2016 
($ in millions)
Net loan
charge-
offs

 
% of 
avg. 
loans(1) 

 
Net loan
charge-
offs

 % of avg. loans (1)
 
Net loan
charge-
offs

 % of avg. loans (1)
 
Net loan
charge-offs

 
% of
avg. loans (1)

 
Net loan
charge-offs

 
% of
avg.
loans (1)

Commercial:                   
Commercial and industrial$125
 0.15 % $78
 0.10 % $171
 0.21 % $256
 0.31 % $259
 0.32 %
Real estate mortgage(3) (0.01) (6) (0.02) (25) (0.08) (12) (0.04) (28) (0.09)
Real estate construction(15) (0.24) (4) (0.05) (8) (0.15) (8) (0.13) (18) (0.32)
Lease financing6
 0.12
 7
 0.15
 5
 0.11
 15
 0.32
 2
 0.04
Total commercial113
 0.09
 75
 0.06
 143
 0.11
 251
 0.20
 215
 0.17
Consumer:                   
Real estate 1-4 family
first mortgage
(16) (0.02) (16) (0.02) 7
 0.01
 (3) 
 20
 0.03
Real estate 1-4 family
junior lien mortgage
1
 
 (4) (0.03) 23
 0.21
 44
 0.38
 49
 0.40
Credit card277
 3.08
 320
 3.67
 309
 3.54
 275
 3.09
 245
 2.82
Automobile202
 1.41
 126
 0.86
 167
 1.10
 166
 1.05
 137
 0.87
Other revolving credit and
installment
140
 1.44
 154
 1.58
 156
 1.60
 172
 1.70
 139
 1.40
Total consumer (2)604
 0.53
 580
 0.51
 662
 0.59
 654
 0.56
 590
 0.51
Total$717
 0.30 % $655
 0.27 % $805
 0.34 % $905
 0.37 % $805
 0.33 %
                    
(1)Quarterly net charge-offs (recoveries) as a percentage of average respective loans are annualized.
(2)
Quarter ended September 30, 2017, includes an incremental $29 million of charge-offs in accordance with updated industry regulatory guidance regarding the timing of loss recognition for real estate 1-4 family mortgage and automobile loans in bankruptcy.

Table 28 presents net charge-offs for third quarter 2017 and the previous four quarters. Net charge-offs in third quarter 2017 were $717 million (0.30% of average total loans outstanding) compared with $805 million (0.33%) in third quarter 2016.
The decrease in commercial net loan charge-offs in first quarter 2022, compared with the same period in 2021, was due to lower losses in the commercial and industrial net charge-offs from third quarter 2016 reflected continued improvementportfolio, driven by higher recoveries in ourthe oil, gas, and gas portfolio. Our commercialpipeline industry, and lower losses in the real estate portfolios weremortgage portfolio.
The decrease in a net recovery position. Total consumer net loan charge-offs increased slightly fromin first quarter 2022, compared with the prior yearsame period in 2021, was driven by lower losses in credit card due to elevated losses in first quarter 2021 and lower losses in other consumer due to the sale of a portion of our student loan portfolio in first quarter 2021, partially offset by an increase in auto losses reflecting reduced benefits for customers from government stimulus programs instituted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
The COVID-19 pandemic may continue to impact the credit card and automobile net charge-offs, partially offset by a decreasequality of our loan portfolio. Although the potential impacts were considered in residential real estate net charge-offs.
ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSESTheour allowance for credit losses which consistsfor loans, payment deferral activities in our residential mortgage portfolio instituted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic could continue to delay the recognition of residential mortgage loan charge-offs. For information on customer accommodations in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – COVID-Related Lending Accommodations” section in our 2021 Form 10-K.


ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSESWe maintain an allowance for loancredit losses and the allowance(ACL) for unfunded credit commitments,loans, which is management’s estimate of the expected life-time credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio and unfunded credit commitments, at the balance sheet date, excluding loans and unfunded credit commitments carried at fair value. The detail of the changesvalue or held for sale. Additionally, we maintain an ACL for debt securities classified as either AFS or HTM, other financial assets measured at amortized cost, net investments in the allowance forleases, and other off-balance sheet credit losses by portfolio segment (including charge-offs and recoveries by loan class) is in Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.exposures.
We apply a disciplined process and methodology to establish our allowance for credit lossesACL each quarter. ThisThe process for establishing the ACL for loans takes into consideration many factors, including historical and forecasted loss trends, loan-level credit quality ratings and loan grade-specific characteristics. The process involves subjective and complex judgments. In addition, we review a variety of credit metrics and trends. These credit metrics and trends, however, do not solely determine the amount of the allowance as we use several analytical tools. Our estimation approach for the commercial portfolio reflects the estimated probability of default in accordance with the borrower’s financial strength, and the severity of loss in the event of default, considering the quality of any underlying collateral. Probability of default and severity at the time of default are statistically derived through historical observations of defaults and losses after default within each credit risk rating. Our estimation approach for the consumer portfolio uses forecasted losses that represent our best estimate of inherent loss based on historical experience, quantitative and other mathematical techniques. For additional information on our allowance for credit losses,ACL, see the “Critical Accounting Policies – Allowance for Credit Losses” section and Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in our 20162021 Form 10-K10-K. For additional information on our ACL for loans, see Note 4 (Loans and Note 5 (Loans andRelated Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Table 29 presents the allocation of the allowanceReport, and for credit losses by loan segment and class for the most recent quarter end and last four year ends.

Table 29:Allocation of the Allowance for Credit Losses (ACL)
 Sep 30, 2017  Dec 31, 2016  Dec 31, 2015  Dec 31, 2014  Dec 31, 2013 
(in millions)ACL
 
Loans
as %
of total
loans

 ACL
 
Loans
as %
of total
loans

 ACL
 
Loans
as %
of total
loans

 ACL
 
Loans
as %
of total
loans

 ACL
 
Loans
as %
of total
loans

Commercial:                   
Commercial and industrial$4,076
 34% $4,560
 34% $4,231
 33% $3,506
 32% $3,040
 29%
Real estate mortgage1,248
 14
 1,320
 14
 1,264
 13
 1,576
 13
 2,157
 14
Real estate construction1,262
 3
 1,294
 2
 1,210
 3
 1,097
 2
 775
 2
Lease financing246
 2
 220
 2
 167
 1
 198
 1
 131
 1
Total commercial6,832
 53
 7,394
 52
 6,872
 50
 6,377
 48
 6,103
 46
Consumer:                   
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage1,173
 29
 1,270
 29
 1,895
 30
 2,878
 31
 4,087
 32
Real estate 1-4 family
junior lien mortgage
672
 4
 815
 5
 1,223
 6
 1,566
 7
 2,534
 8
Credit card1,900
 4
 1,605
 4
 1,412
 4
 1,271
 4
 1,224
 3
Automobile853
 6
 817
 6
 529
 6
 516
 6
 475
 6
Other revolving credit and installment679
 4
 639
 4
 581
 4
 561
 4
 548
 5
Total consumer5,277
 47
 5,146
 48
 5,640
 50
 6,792
 52
 8,868
 54
Total$12,109
 100% $12,540
 100% $12,512
 100% $13,169
 100% $14,971
 100%
                    
 Sep 30, 2017  Dec 31, 2016  Dec 31, 2015  Dec 31, 2014  Dec 31, 2013 
Components:         
Allowance for loan losses$11,078  11,419  11,545  12,319  14,502 
Allowance for unfunded
credit commitments
1,031  1,121  967  850  469 
Allowance for credit losses$12,109  12,540  12,512  13,169  14,971 
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans1.16% 1.18  1.26  1.43  1.76 
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total net charge-offs (1)390  324  399  418  322 
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans1.27  1.30  1.37  1.53  1.82 
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total nonaccrual loans141  121  110  103  96 
(1)
Total net charge-offs are annualized for quarter ended September 30, 2017.

In addition to the allowance for credit losses, there was $454 million at September 30, 2017, and $954 million at December 31, 2016 of nonaccretable difference to absorb losses for PCI loans, which totaled $13.6 billion at September 30, 2017. The allowance for credit losses is lower than otherwise would have been required without PCI loan accounting. As a result of PCI loans, certain ratios of the Company may not be directly comparable with credit-related metrics for other financial institutions. Additionally, loans purchased at fair value, including loans from the GE Capital business acquisitions, generally reflect a lifetime credit loss adjustment and therefore do not initially require additions to the allowance as is typically associated with loan growth. For additional information on PCI loans,our ACL for debt securities, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Purchased Credit-Impaired Loans” sectionNote 3 (Available-for-Sale and Note 5 (Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses)Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Table 22 presents the allocation of the ACL for loans by loan portfolio segment and class.

38Wells Fargo & Company


Table 22:Allocation of the ACL for Loans
Mar 31, 2022Dec 31, 2021
($ in millions)ACLLoans
as %
of total
loans
ACLLoans
as %
of total
loans
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial$4,625 40 %$4,873 39 %
Real estate mortgage1,883 14 2,085 14 
Real estate construction366 2 431 
Lease financing274 2 402 
Total commercial7,148 58 7,791 57 
Consumer:
Residential mortgage – first lien927 27 1,156 28 
Residential mortgage – junior lien2 2 130 
Credit card3,094 4 3,290 
Auto1,030 6 928 
Other consumer480 3 493 
Total consumer5,533 42 5,997 43 
Total$12,681 100 %$13,788 100 %
Components:
Allowance for loan losses$11,50412,490
Allowance for unfunded credit commitments1,1771,298
Allowance for credit losses$12,68113,788
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to total net loan charge-offs (annualized)9.31x7.94 
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to total nonaccrual loans1.67 1.73 
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans1.26 %1.39 
Allowance for credit losses for loans as a percentage of total loans1.39 1.54 
The ratio ofratios for the allowance for creditloan losses to total nonaccrualand the ACL for loans presented in Table 22 may fluctuate significantly from period to period due to such factors as the mix of loan types in the portfolio, borrower credit strength, and the value and marketability of collateral. Our nonaccrual
The ACL for loans consisted
primarily of real estate 1-4 family first and junior lien mortgage loans at September 30, 2017.
The allowance for credit losses decreased$431 million, $1.1 billion, or 3%8%, from December 31, 2016, due2021, reflecting reduced uncertainty around the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our loan portfolios and increased uncertainty related to the risks of high inflation. The detail of the changes in the ACL for loans by portfolio segment (including charge-offs and recoveries by loan class) is included in Note 4 (Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses) to Financial Statements in this Report.
We consider multiple economic scenarios to develop our estimate of the ACL for loans, which generally include a decreasebase scenario, along with an optimistic (upside) and one or more pessimistic (downside) scenarios. In our estimate of the ACL for loans at March 31, 2022, we weighted the base scenario and the downside scenarios to reflect our expectations for reduced uncertainty around the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and increased uncertainty related to inflationary and geopolitical risks. The base scenario assumed solid economic conditions with elevated inflation in the near term. The downside scenarios assumed economic contractions, including higher geopolitical risks and inflation levels exceeding those in the base scenario.
Additionally, we consider qualitative factors that represent risks inherent in our commercial allowance reflectingprocesses and assumptions such as economic environmental factors, modeling assumptions and performance, and other subjective factors, including industry trends and emerging risk assessments.
The forecasted key economic variables used in our estimate of the ACL for loans at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, are presented in Table 23.
Table 23:ForecastedKeyEconomic Variables
2Q 20224Q 20222Q 2023
Weighted blend of economic scenarios:
U.S. unemployment rate (1):
December 31, 20214.8 %5.4 5.9 
March 31, 20224.1 4.7 5.6 
U.S. real GDP (2):
December 31, 20211.4 (0.3)1.4 
March 31, 20221.2 (0.6)0.2 
Home price index (3):
December 31, 20215.9 (4.3)(6.0)
March 31, 202212.2 2.1 (3.1)
Commercial real estate asset prices (3):
December 31, 20215.0 (4.2)(6.0)
March 31, 202213.0 2.8 (2.7)
(1)Quarterly average.
(2)Percent change from the preceding period, seasonally adjusted annualized rate.
(3)Percent change year over year of national average; outlook differs by geography and property type.
Future amounts of the ACL for loans will be based on a variety of factors, including loan balance changes, portfolio credit quality improvement, includingand mix changes, and changes in the oilgeneral economic conditions and gas portfolio, as well as improvement in our residentialexpectations (including for unemployment and real estate portfolios, partially offset by increased allowance in the credit card, automobile andGDP), among other revolving credit and installment portfolios. Total provision for credit losses was $717 million in third quarter 2017, compared with $805 million in third quarter 2016, reflecting the same changes mentioned above for the allowance for credit losses.factors.
We believe the allowanceACL for credit lossesloans of $12.1$12.7 billion at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, was appropriate to cover expected credit losses, inherent in the loan portfolio, including unfunded credit commitments, at that date. Approximately $797 million of the allowance at September 30, 2017, was allocated to our oil and gas portfolio, compared with $1.3 billion at December 31, 2016. This represented 6.2% and 8.5% of total oil and gas loans outstanding at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively. The allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2017 also included
Risk Management - Credit Risk Management (continued)

$450 million for coverage of our preliminary estimate of potential hurricane-related losses from Hurricanes Harvey, Irma and Maria. However, the entire allowance is available to absorb credit losses inherent infrom the total loan portfolio. The allowanceACL for credit lossesloans is subject to change and reflects existing factors as of the date of determination, including economic or market conditions and ongoing internal and external examination
Wells Fargo & Company39


processes. Due to the sensitivity of the allowanceACL for credit lossesloans to changes in the economic and business environment, it is possible that we will incur incremental credit losses not anticipated as of the balance sheet date. Future allowance levels will be based on a variety of factors, including loan growth, portfolio performance and general economic conditions. Our process for determining the allowance for credit lossesACL is discussed in the “Critical Accounting Policies – Allowance for Credit Losses” section and Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in our 20162021 Form 10-K.

LIABILITY FOR
MORTGAGE LOAN REPURCHASE LOSSES 
BANKING ACTIVITIES We sell residential and commercial mortgage loans to various parties. In connection with our sales and securitization of residential mortgage loans, to various parties, we have established a mortgage repurchase liability, initially at fair value, related to various representations and warranties that reflect management’s estimate of losses for loans for which we could have a repurchase obligation, whether or not we currently service those loans, based on a combination of factors. Our mortgage repurchase liability estimation process also incorporates a forecast of repurchase demands associated with mortgage insurance rescission activity.
Because we typically retain the servicing for the mortgage loans we sell or securitize, we believe the quality of our residential mortgage loan servicing portfolio provides helpful information in evaluating our repurchase liability. Of the $1.6 trillion in the residential mortgage loan servicing portfolio at September 30, 2017, 95% was current and less than 1% was subprime at origination. Our combined delinquency and foreclosure rate on this portfolio was 4.83% at September 30, 2017, and at December 31, 2016. Two percent of this portfolio is private label securitizations for which we originated the loans and, therefore have some repurchase risk.
The overall level of unresolved repurchase demands and mortgage insurance rescissions outstanding at September 30, 2017, was $120 million, representing 549 loans, up from a year ago both in number of outstanding loans and in total dollar balances. The increase was largely due to private investor demands we expect to resolve with minimal repurchase risk.
Our liability for mortgage repurchases, included in “Accrued expenses and other liabilities” in our consolidated balance sheet, represents our best estimate of the probable loss that we expect to incur for various representations and warranties in the contractual provisions of our sales of mortgage loans. The liability was $179 million at September 30, 2017, and $229 million at December 31, 2016. In third quarter 2017, we released $6 million due to re-estimation of our liability based on recently observed trends, which increased net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities, compared with a release of $13 million in third quarter 2016. Additionally, in third quarter 2017, we recognized a $10 million reserve build for an MSR acquisition. We incurred net losses on repurchased loans and investor reimbursements totaling $3 million in third quarter 2017 and in third quarter 2016.
Because of the uncertainty in the various estimates underlying the mortgage repurchase liability, there is a range of losses in excess of the recorded mortgage repurchase liability that are reasonably possible. The estimate of the range of possible loss for representations and warranties does not represent a probable loss, and is based on currently available information, significant judgment, and a number of assumptions that are subject to change. The high end of this range of reasonably possible losses exceeded our recorded liability by $180 million at September 30, 2017, and was determined based upon modifying the assumptions (particularly to assume significant changes in investor repurchase demand practices) used in our best estimate of probable loss to reflect what we believe to be the high end of reasonably possible adverse assumptions.
For additional information on our repurchase liability, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Liability For Mortgage Loan Repurchase Losses”Banking Activities” section in our 20162021 Form 10-K and Note 8 (Mortgage Banking Activities) to Financial Statements in this Report.10-K.

RISKS RELATING TO SERVICING ACTIVITIESIn addition to servicing loans in our portfolio, we act as servicer and/or master servicer of residential and commercial mortgage loans included in GSE-guaranteedgovernment sponsored entity (GSE)-guaranteed mortgage securitizations, GNMA-guaranteed mortgage securitizations of FHA-insured/VA-guaranteed mortgages and private label mortgage securitizations, as well as for unsecuritized loans owned by institutional investors.
As a servicer, we are required to advance certain delinquent payments of principal and interest on mortgage loans we service. The amount and timing of reimbursement for advances of delinquent payments vary by investor and the applicable servicing agreements. See Note 9 (Mortgage Banking Activities) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information about residential and commercial servicing rights, servicer advances and servicing fees.
In connectionaccordance with applicable servicing guidelines, delinquency status continues to advance for loans with COVID-related payment deferrals, which has resulted in an increase in delinquent loans serviced for others and a corresponding increase in loans eligible for repurchase from GNMA loan securitization pools. Upon transfer as servicer, we retain the option to repurchase loans from GNMA loan securitization pools, which becomes exercisable when three scheduled loan payments remain unpaid by the borrower. We generally repurchase these loans for cash and as a result, our total consolidated assets do not change. These repurchased loan balances were $14.2 billion and $17.3 billion at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, which included $10.3 billion and $12.9 billion, respectively, in our held for investment loan portfolio, with the remainder in loans held for sale.
Repurchased loans that regain current status or are otherwise modified in accordance with applicable servicing activities, we have enteredguidelines may be included in future GNMA loan securitization pools. However, in accordance with guidance issued by GNMA, certain loans repurchased after June 30, 2020, are ineligible for inclusion in future GNMA loan securitization pools until the borrower has timely made six consecutive payments. This requirement may delay our ability to resell loans into various settlementsthe securitization market. See Note 8 (Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information about our involvement with federal and state regulators to resolve certain alleged servicing issues and practices. In general, these settlements required us to provide customers withmortgage loan modification relief, refinancing relief, and foreclosure prevention and assistance, as well as imposed certain monetary penalties on us.securitizations.
For additional information about the risks and various settlements related to our servicing activities, see the “Risk Management – Credit Risk Management – Risks Relating to ServicingMortgage Banking Activities” section in our 20162021 Form 10-K. For additional information on mortgage banking activities, see Note 9 (Mortgage Banking Activities) to Financial Statements in this Report.




Asset/Liability Management
Asset/liability management involves evaluating, monitoring and managing interest rate risk, market risk, liquidity and funding. PrimaryFor information on our oversight of interest rate risk and market risk resides withasset/liability risks, see the Finance Committee of“Risk Management – Asset/Liability Management” section in our Board of Directors (Board), which oversees the administration and effectiveness of financial risk management policies and processes used to assess and manage these risks. Primary oversight of liquidity and funding resides with the Risk Committee of the Board. At the management level we utilize a Corporate Asset/Liability Management Committee (Corporate ALCO), which consists of senior financial, risk, and business executives, to oversee these risks and report on them periodically to the Board’s Finance Committee and Risk Committee as appropriate. As discussed in more detail for trading activities below, we employ separate management level oversight specific to market risk.2021 Form 10-K.

INTEREST RATE RISK Interest rate risk which potentiallyis created in our role as a financial intermediary for customers based on investments such as loans and other extensions of credit and debt securities. Interest rate risk can have a significant earnings impact is an integral part of being a financial intermediary.to our earnings. We are subject to interest rate risk because:
assets and liabilities may mature or reprice at different times (for example, iftimes. If assets reprice faster than liabilities and interest rates are generally falling,rising, earnings will initially decline);increase;
assets and liabilities may reprice at the same time but by different amounts (for example, when the general level of interest rates is falling, we may reduce rates paid on checking and savings deposit accounts by an amount that is less than the general decline in market interest rates);amounts;
short-term and long-term market interest rates may change by different amounts (foramounts. For example, the shape of the yield curve may affect yield for new loan yieldsloans and funding costs differently);differently;
the remaining maturity offor various assets or liabilities may shorten or lengthen as interest rates change (forchange. For example, if long-term mortgage interest rates declineincrease sharply, MBS held in the investmentdebt securities portfolio may prepay significantly earlierpay down at a slower rate than anticipated, which could reduceimpact portfolio income);income; or
interest rates may also have a direct or indirect effect on loan demand, collateral values, credit losses, mortgage origination volume, and the fair value of MSRs and other financial instruments, the value of the pension liability and other items affecting earnings.

instruments.
We assess interest rate risk by comparing outcomes under various net interest income simulations using many interest rate scenarios that differ in the direction of interest rate changes, the degree of change over time, the speed of change and the projected shape of the yield curve. These simulations require assumptions regarding drivers of earnings and balance sheet composition such as loan originations, prepayment speedsrates on loans and investmentdebt securities, deposit flows and mix, as well as pricing strategies.
Currently, our profile is such that we projectOur most recent simulations, as presented in Table 24, estimate net interest income willsensitivity over the next 12 months using instantaneous movements across the yield curve with both lower and higher interest rates relative to our base scenario. Steeper and flatter scenarios measure non-parallel changes in the yield curve, with long-term interest rates defined as all tenors three years and longer (e.g., 10-year U.S. Treasury securities) and short-term interest rates defined as all tenors less than three years. Where applicable, U.S. dollar interest rates are floored at 0.00%. The following describes the simulation assumptions for the scenarios presented in Table 24:
Simulations are dynamic and reflect anticipated changes to our assets and liabilities.
Other macroeconomic variables that could be correlated with the changes in interest rates are held constant.
Mortgage prepayment and origination assumptions vary across scenarios and reflect only the impact of the higher or lower interest rates.
Our base scenario deposit forecast incorporates mix changes consistent with the base interest rate trajectory. Deposit mix is modeled to be the same as in the base scenario across the alternative scenarios. In higher interest rate scenarios, customer deposit activity that shifts balances into higher-
40Wells Fargo & Company


yielding products could impact expected net interest income.
Deposit rates paid may change with market interest rate changes. Our interest rate sensitivity of deposits, referred to as deposit betas, is modeled using the historical behavior of our deposits portfolio, including certain customer account migration. The actual deposit rates paid may differ from the assumed deposit rates paid in these scenarios due to lags in repricing, customer behavior, and other factors.
We hold the size of the projected debt and equity securities portfolios constant across scenarios.
Table 24:Net Interest Income Sensitivity
($ in billions)Mar 31, 2022Dec 31, 2021
Parallel Shift:
+100 bps shift in interest rates$5.7 7.1 
-100 bps shift in interest rates(6.1)(3.3)
Steeper yield curve:
+50 bps shift in long-term interest rates0.9 1.2 
Flatter yield curve:
+50 bps shift in short-term interest rates2.3 2.6 
-50 bps shift in long-term interest rates(0.7)(1.0)
The changes in our interest rate sensitivity from December 31, 2021 to March 31, 2022 in Table 24 reflected updates to our base scenario, which included higher interest rates and changes to our assets and liabilities. Our interest rate sensitivity indicates that we would expect to benefit modestly from higher interest rates as our assets would reprice faster and to a greater degree than our liabilities, while in the case of lower interest rates, our assets would reprice downward and to a greater degree than our liabilities.
Asliabilities resulting in lower net interest income. For the simulations with downward shifts in interest rates, the 0.00% interest rate floor limits the amount of September 30, 2017, our most recent simulations estimatethe decline in net interest income. We may have a larger decline in net interest income sensitivity overwhen interest rates increase for the next two years under a range of both lower and higher interest rates. Measured impacts from standardized ramps (gradual changes) and shocks
(instantaneous changes) are summarized in Table 30, indicating net interest income sensitivitybase scenario relative to the Company's base net interest income plan. Ramp scenarios assume interest rates move gradually in parallel across the yield curve relative to the base scenario in year one, and the full amount of the ramp is held as a constant differential to the base scenario in year two. The following describes the simulation assumptions for the scenarios presented in Table 30:
Simulations are dynamic and reflect anticipated growth across assets and liabilities.
Other macroeconomic variables that could be correlated with the changes in interest rates are held constant.
Mortgage prepayment and origination assumptions vary across scenarios and reflect only the impact of the higher or lower interest rates.
Our base scenario deposit forecast incorporates mix changes consistent with the base interest rate trajectory. Deposit mix is modeled to be the same as in the base scenario across the alternative scenarios. In higher rate scenarios, customer activity that shifts balances into higher-yielding products could reduce expected net interest income.
We hold the size of the projected investment securities portfolio constant across scenarios.
Table 30:Net Interest Income Sensitivity Over Next Two-Year Horizon Relative to Base Expectation
  Lower Rates Higher Rates
($ in billions)Base
100 bps
Ramp
Parallel
 Decrease
 
100 bps Instantaneous
Parallel
Increase
 
200 bps
Ramp
Parallel
Increase
First Year of Forecasting Horizon      
Net Interest Income Sensitivity to Base Scenario (0.7) - (0.2) 1.1 - 1.6 0.9 - 1.4
Key Rates at Horizon End      
Fed Funds Target2.091.09 3.09 4.09
10-year CMT (1)2.971.97 3.97 4.97
Second Year of Forecasting Horizon      
Net Interest Income Sensitivity to Base Scenario (1.1) - (0.6) 1.5 - 2.0 2.1 - 2.6
Key Rates at Horizon End      
Fed Funds Target2.501.50 3.50 4.50
10-year CMT (1)3.592.59 4.59 5.59
(1)U.S. Constant Maturity Treasury Rate

floor.
The sensitivity results above do not capture interest rate sensitive noninterest income andor expense impacts. Our interest rate sensitive noninterest income and expense is significantlyare predominantly driven by mortgage activity,banking activities, and may move in the opposite direction of our net interest income. Typically, in response to higher interest rates, mortgage activity, primarily refinancing activity, generally declines. And in response to lower interest rates, mortgage activity generally increases. Mortgage results are also impacted by the valuation of MSRs and related hedge positions. See the “Risk Management – Asset/Liability Management – Mortgage Banking Interest Rate and Market Risk” section in our 2021 Form 10-K for additional information. For additional information on our trading assets and liabilities, see Note 2 (Trading Activities) to Financial Statements in this Report for more information.Report.
We use the investmentdebt securities portfolio and exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) interest rate derivatives to hedgemanage our interest rate exposures. SeeAs interest rates increase, changes in the “Balance Sheet Analysis – Investment Securities” section in this Report for more information on the use of the available-for-sale and held-to-
Asset/Liability Management (continued)

maturity securities portfolios. The notional or contractual amount, credit risk amount and fair value of AFS debt securities may negatively affect cumulative other comprehensive income, which lowers the derivatives used to hedgeamount of our interest rate risk exposures asrisk-based capital. See Note 1 (Summary of September 30, 2017,Significant Accounting Policies), Note 3 (Available-for-Sale and December 31, 2016, are presented inHeld-to-Maturity Debt Securities) and Note 1214 (Derivatives) to Financial Statements in this Report. We use derivativesour 2021 Form 10-K for asset/liability management in two main ways:additional information.
to convert the cash flows from selected asset and/or liability instruments/portfolios including investments, commercial loans and long-term debt, from fixed-rate payments to floating-rate payments, or vice versa; and
to economically hedge our mortgage origination pipeline, funded mortgage loans and MSRs using interest rate swaps, swaptions, futures, forwards and options.
MORTGAGE BANKING INTEREST RATE AND MARKET RISK We originate, fund and service mortgage loans, which subjects us to various risks, including credit, liquidity and interest rate risks. For moreadditional information on mortgage banking interest rate and market risk, see Note 9 (Mortgage Banking Activities) to
Financial Statements in this Report and the “Risk Management – Asset/Liability Management – Mortgage Banking Interest Rate and Market Risk” section in our 20162021 Form 10-K.
Hedging the various sources of interest rate risk in mortgage banking is a complex process that requires sophisticated modeling and constant monitoring. There are several potential risks to earnings from mortgage banking related to origination volumes and mix, valuation of MSRs and associated hedging results, the relationship and degree of volatility between short-term and long-term interest rates, and changes in servicing and foreclosures costs. While our hedging activities are designedwe attempt to balance our mortgage banking interest rate and market risks, the financial instruments we use may not perfectly correlate with the values and income being hedged. For example, the change in the value of ARM production held for sale from changes in mortgage interest rates may or may not be fully offset by LIBOR index-based financial instruments used as economic hedges for such ARMs. Additionally, hedge-carry income on our economic hedges for the MSRs may not continue at recent levels if the spread between short-term and long-term rates decreases or there are other changes in the market for mortgage forwards that affect the implied carry.
The total carrying value of our residential and commercial MSRs was $14.7 billion at September 30, 2017, and $14.4 billion at December 31, 2016. The weighted-average note rate on our portfolio of loans serviced for others was 4.23% at September 30, 2017, and 4.26% at December 31, 2016. The carrying value of our total MSRs represented 0.87% of mortgage loans serviced for others at September 30, 2017, and 0.85% at December 31, 2016.
MARKET RISK – TRADING ACTIVITIESThe Finance Committee of our Board of Directors reviews the acceptable market risk appetite for our trading activities. We engage in trading activities to accommodate the investment and risk management activities of our customers (which generally comprises a subset of the transactions recorded as trading and derivative assets and liabilities on our balance sheet), and to execute economic hedging to manage certain balance sheet risks. These activities primarily occur within our Wholesale Banking businesses and to a lesser extent other divisions of the Company. All of our trading assets, and derivative assets and liabilities, (including securities, foreign exchange transactions, and commodity transactions) are carried at fair value. Income earned related to these trading activities include net interest income and changes in fair value related to trading assets and derivative assets and liabilities. Net interest income earned from trading activity is reflected in the interest income and interest expense components of our income statement. Changes in fair value related to trading assets, and derivative assets and liabilities are reflected in net gains on trading activities, a component of noninterest income in our income statement.
Table 31 presents total revenue from trading activities.
Table 31:Net Gains (Losses) from Trading Activities
 Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions) 2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Interest income (1) $754
 593
 $2,107
 1,761
Less: Interest expense (2) 109
 88
 309
 260
Net interest income 645
 505
 1,798
 1,501
Noninterest income:        
Net gains (losses) from trading activities (3):        
Customer accommodation 188
 348
 720
 947
Economic hedges and other (4) 57
 67
 201
 (4)
Total net gains from trading activities 245
 415
 921
 943
Total trading-related net interest and noninterest income $890
 920
 $2,719
 2,444
(1)Represents interest and dividend income earned on trading securities.
(2)Represents interest and dividend expense incurred on trading securities we have sold but have not yet purchased.
(3)Represents realized gains (losses) from our trading activity and unrealized gains (losses) due to changes in fair value of our trading positions, attributable to the type of business activity.
(4)Excludes economic hedging of mortgage banking and asset/liability management activities, for which hedge results (realized and unrealized) are reported with the respective hedged activities.
Customer accommodation Customer accommodation activities are conducted to help customers manage their investment and risk management needs. We engage in market-making activities or act as an intermediary to purchase or sell financial instruments in anticipation of or in response to customer needs. This category also includes positions we use to manage our exposure to customer transactions.
In our customer accommodation trading, we serve as intermediary between buyer and seller. For example, we may purchase or sell a derivative to a customer who wants to manage interest rate risk exposure. We typically enter into offsetting derivative or security positions with a separate counterparty or exchange to manage our exposure to the derivative with our customer. We earn income on this activity based on the transaction price difference between the customer and offsetting derivative or security positions, which is reflected in the fair value changes of the positions recorded in net gains on trading activities.
Customer accommodation trading also includes net gains related to market-making activities in which we take positions to facilitate customer order flow. For example, we may own securities recorded as trading assets (long positions) or sold securities we have not yet purchased, recorded as trading liabilities (short positions), typically on a short-term basis, to facilitate support of buying and selling demand from our customers. As a market maker in these securities, we earn income due to: (1) the difference between the price paid or received for the purchase and sale of the security (bid-ask spread), (2) the net interest income, and (3) the change in fair value of the long or short positions during the short-term period held on our balance sheet. Additionally, we may enter into separate derivative or security positions to manage our exposure related to our long or short security positions. Income earned on this type of market-making activity is reflected in the fair value changes of these positions recorded in net gains on trading activities.

Economic hedges and other Economic hedges in trading activities are not designated in a hedge accounting relationship and exclude economic hedging related to our asset/liability risk management and mortgage banking risk management activities. Economic hedging activities include the use of trading securities to economically hedge risk exposures related to non-trading activities or derivatives to hedge risk exposures related to trading assets or trading liabilities. Economic hedges are unrelated to our customer accommodation activities. Other activities include financial assets held for investment purposes that we elected to carry at fair value with changes in fair value recorded to earnings in order to mitigate accounting measurement mismatches or avoid embedded derivative accounting complexities.
Daily Trading-Related Revenue Table 32 provides information on the distribution of daily trading-related revenues for the Company’s trading portfolio. This trading-related revenue is defined as the change in value of the trading assets and trading liabilities, trading-related net interest income, and trading-related intra-day gains and losses. Net trading-related revenue does not include activity related to long-term positions held for economic hedging purposes, period-end adjustments, and other activity not representative of daily price changes driven by market factors.
Table 32:Distribution of Daily Trading-Related Revenues
mktrisk3q.jpg
Market RiskMarket risk is the risk of possible economic loss from adverse changes in market risk factors such as interest rates, credit spreads, foreign exchange rates, equity and commodity prices, mortgage rates,and the risk of possible loss due to counterparty exposure. This applies to implied volatility risk, basis risk, and market liquidity.liquidity risk. It also includes price risk in the trading book, mortgage servicing rights and the hedge effectiveness risk associated with the mortgage book, and impairment of private equity investments. For information on our oversight of market risk, see the “Risk Management – Asset/Liability Management – Market risk is intrinsicRisk” section in our 2021 Form 10-K.

MARKET RISK – TRADING ACTIVITIES We engage in trading activities to accommodate the Company’s sales and trading, market making, investing,investment and risk management activities of our customers and to execute economic hedging to manage certain balance sheet risks. These trading activities predominantly occur within our CIB businesses and to a lesser extent other businesses of the Company. Debt securities held for trading, equity securities held for trading, trading loans and trading derivatives are financial instruments used in our trading activities, and all are carried at fair value. Income earned on the financial instruments used in our trading activities include net interest income, changes in fair value and realized gains and losses. Net interest income earned from our trading activities is reflected in the interest income and interest expense components of our consolidated statement of income. Changes in fair value of the financial instruments used in our trading activities are reflected in net gains from trading activities. For additional information on the financial instruments used in our trading activities and the income from these trading activities, see Note 2 (Trading Activities) to Financial Statements in this Report.
The Company uses value-at-riskValue-at-risk (VaR) metrics complemented with sensitivity analysis and stress testing in measuring and monitoring market risk. VaR is a statistical risk measure used to estimate the potential loss from adverse moves in the financial markets. The Company uses VaR metrics complemented with sensitivity analysis and stress testing in measuring and monitoring market risk. For moreadditional information on VaR,our monitoring activities, sensitivity analysis and stress testing, see the “Risk Management – Asset/Liability Management – Market Risk – Trading Activities” section in our 20162021 Form 10-K.
Trading VaR is the measure used to provide insight into the market risk exhibited by the Company’s trading positions. The
Company calculates Trading VaR for risk management purposes to establish line of business and Company-wide risk limits. Trading VaR is calculated based on all trading positions classified as trading assets or other liabilities, derivative assets or derivative liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet.
Asset/Liability Management (continued)

Table 3325 shows the Company’s Trading General VaR by risk category. As presentedThe decrease in the table, average Company Trading General VaR was $15 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, compared with $29 millionthe same
Wells Fargo & Company41


Risk Management – Asset/Liability Management (continued)
period a year ago, was driven by reduced market volatility in thelookback window used to calculate average Company Trading General VaR for the quarter ended March 31, 2022. Market volatility present in average Company Trading General VaR for
the quarter ended June 30, 2017. The decreaseMarch 31, 2021, was mainly driven by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, primarily resulting in changes in historical VaR dates dropping outinterest rate curves and a significant widening of the 1-year time horizon.credit spreads.
Table 33:25:Trading 1-Day 99% General VaR by Risk Category
Quarter ended
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021March 31, 2021
(in millions)Period
end
AverageLowHighPeriod
end
AverageLowHighPeriod
end
AverageLowHigh
Company Trading General VaR Risk Categories
Credit$33 28 20 35 19 21 16 27 22 94 21 112 
Interest rate26 15 9 30 15 12 15 36 73 26 120 
Equity26 21 13 28 15 19 13 29 35 36 28 72 
Commodity6 5 2 20 10 23 11 12 
Foreign exchange1 1 0 1 
Diversification benefit (1)(63)(43)(40)(37)(64)(111)
Company Trading General VaR29 27 20 23 41 98 
   Quarter ended 
 September 30, 2017  June 30, 2017 
(in millions)
Period
end

 Average
 Low
 High
 
Period
end

 Average
 Low
 High
Company Trading General VaR Risk Categories               
Credit$18
 26
 18
 35
 23
 29
 23
 36
Interest rate7
 13
 7
 20
 10
 20
 10
 27
Equity13
 11
 9
 14
 10
 11
 9
 14
Commodity2
 1
 1
 2
 1
 1
 1
 2
Foreign exchange0
 1
 0
 1
 1
 1
 0
 1
Diversification benefit (1)(22) (37)     (29) (33)    
Company Trading General VaR$18
 15
     16
 29
    
(1)(1)The period-end VaR was less than the sum of the VaR components described above, which is due to portfolio diversification. The diversification effect arises because the risks are not perfectly correlated causing a portfolio of positions to usually be less risky than the sum of the risks of the positions alone. The diversification benefit is not meaningful for low and high metrics since they may occur on different days.

Regulatory Market Risk Capital  reflects U.S. regulatory agency risk-based capital regulations that are based on the Basel Committee Capital Accord of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. The Company must calculate regulatory capital under the Basel III market risk capital rule, which requires banking organizations with significant trading activities to adjust their capital requirements to reflect the market risks of those activities based on comprehensive and risk sensitive methods and models. The market risk capital rule is intended to cover the risk of loss in value of covered positions due to changes in market conditions.
Composition of Material Portfolio of Covered Positions The positions that are “covered” by the market risk capital rule are generally a subset of our trading assets, and derivative assets and liabilities, specifically those held by the Company for the purpose of short-term resale or with the intent of benefiting from actual or expected short-term price movements, or to lock in arbitrage profits. Positions excluded from market risk regulatory capital treatment are subject to the credit risk capital rules applicable to the “non-covered” trading positions.
The material portfolio of the Company’s “covered” positions is mostly concentrated in the trading assets, and derivative assets and liabilities within Wholesale Banking where the substantial portion of market risk capital resides. Wholesale Banking engages in the fixed income, traded credit, foreign exchange, equities, and commodities markets businesses. Other business segments hold smaller trading positions covered under the market risk capital rule.
Regulatory Market Risk Capital Components  The capital required for market risk on the Company’s “covered” positions is determined by internally developed models or standardized specific risk charges. The market risk regulatory capital models are subject to internal model risk management and validation. The models are continuously monitored and enhanced in response to changes in market conditions, improvements in system capabilities, and changes in the Company’s market risk exposure. The Company is required to obtain and has received prior written approval from its regulators before using its internally developed models to calculate the market risk capital charge.
Basel III prescribes various VaR measures in the determination of regulatory capital and RWAs. The Company uses the same VaR models for both market risk management purposes as well as regulatory capital calculations. For regulatory purposes, we use the following metrics to determine the Company’s market risk capital requirements:
General VaR measures the risk of broad market movements such as changes in the level of credit spreads, interest rates, equity prices, commodity prices, and foreign exchange rates. General VaR uses historical simulation analysis based on 99% confidence level and a 10-day holding period.

Table 34 shows the General VaR measure categorized by major risk categories. Average 10-day Company Regulatory General VaR was $31 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, compared with $30 million for the quarter
ended June 30, 2017. The increase was primarily driven by changes in portfolio composition.
Table 34:Regulatory 10-Day 99% General VaR by Risk Category
   Quarter ended 
 September 30, 2017  June 30, 2017 
(in millions)
Period
end

 Average
 Low
 High
 
Period
end

 Average
 Low
 High
Wholesale Regulatory General VaR Risk Categories              
Credit$51
 66
 45
 86
 60
 72
 57
 93
Interest rate14
 23
 14
 38
 17
 39
 17
 71
Equity (1)7
 12
 4
 23
 6
 4
 2
 7
Commodity6
 8
 4
 21
 11
 4
 3
 11
Foreign exchange3
 6
 2
 16
 8
 6
 3
 29
Diversification benefit (2)(57) (86)     (71) (96)    
Wholesale Regulatory General VaR$24
 29
 20
 36
 31
 29
 24
 37
Company Regulatory General VaR26
 31
 22
 39
 35
 30
 25
 40
(1)The period-end VaR was less than the sum of the VaR components described above, which is due to portfolio diversification. The diversification benefit arises because the risks are not perfectly correlated causing a portfolio of positions to usually be less risky than the sum of the risks of the positions alone. The diversification benefit is not meaningful for low and high metrics since they may occur on different days.

Specific Risk measures the risk of loss that could result from factors other than broad market movements, or name-specific market risk. Specific Risk uses Monte Carlo simulation analysis based on a 99% confidence level and a 10-day holding period.

Total VaR (as presented in Table 35) is composed of General VaR and Specific Risk and uses the previous 12 months of historical market data in compliance with regulatory requirements.

Total Stressed VaR (as presented in Table 35) uses a historical period of significant financial stress over a continuous 12 month period using historically available market data and is composed of Stressed General VaR and Stressed Specific Risk. Total Stressed VaR uses the same methodology and models as Total VaR. 

Incremental Risk Charge (as presented in Table 35) captures losses due to both issuer default and migration risk at the 99.9% confidence level over the one-year capital horizon under the assumption of constant level of risk or a constant position assumption. The model covers non-securitized credit-sensitive trading products.
The Company calculates Incremental Risk by generating a portfolio loss distribution using Monte Carlo simulation, which assumes numerous scenarios, where an assumption is made that the portfolio’s composition remains constant for a one-year time horizon. Individual issuer credit grade migration and issuer default risk is modeled through generation of the issuer’s credit rating transition based upon statistical modeling. Correlation between credit grade migration and default is captured by a multifactor proprietary model which takes into account industry classifications as well as regional effects. Additionally, the impact of market and issuer specific concentrations is reflected in the modeling framework by assignment of a higher charge for portfolios that have increasing concentrations in particular issuers or sectors. Lastly, the model captures product basis risk; that is, it reflects the material disparity between a position and its hedge.
Table 35 provides information on Total VaR, Total Stressed VaR and the Incremental Risk Charge results for the quarter ended September 30, 2017. Incremental Risk Charge uses the higher of the quarterly average or the quarter end result. For third quarter 2017, the required capital for market risk equals the quarter end results.

Table 35:Market Risk Regulatory Capital Modeled Components
 Quarter ended September 30, 2017  September 30, 2017 
(in millions)Average
 Low
 High
 Period end
 Risk-
based
capital (1)

 Risk-
weighted
assets (1)

Total VaR$54
 47
 65
 62
 163
 2,039
Total Stressed VaR279
 232
 321
 292
 837
 10,461
Incremental Risk Charge32
 26
 38
 34
 34
 423
(1)Results represent the risk-based capital and RWAs based on the VaR and Incremental Risk Charge models.

Securitized Products ChargeBasel III requires a separate market risk capital charge for positions classified as a securitization or re-securitization. The primary criteria for classification as a securitization are whether there is a transfer of risk and whether the credit risk associated with the underlying exposures has been separated into at least two tranches reflecting different levels of
seniority. Covered trading securitizations positions include consumer and commercial asset-backed securities (ABS), commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS), residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS), and collateralized loan and other debt obligations (CLO/CDO) positions. The securitization capital requirements are the greater of the capital requirements
Asset/Liability Management (continued)

of the net long or short exposure, and are capped at the maximum loss that could be incurred on any given transaction.
Table 36 shows the aggregate net fair market value of securities and derivative securitization positions by exposure type that meet the regulatory definition of a covered trading securitization position atSeptember 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016.
Table 36:Covered Securitization Positions by Exposure Type (Net Market Value)
(in millions)ABS
 CMBS
 RMBS
 CLO/CDO
September 30, 2017       
Securitization exposure:       
Securities$559
 220
 744
 738
Derivatives3
 (4) 1
 (2)
Total$562
 216
 745
 736
December 31, 2016       
Securitization exposure:       
Securities$801
 397
 911
 791
Derivatives3
 4
 1
 (8)
Total$804
 401
 912
 783
Securitization Due Diligence and Risk Monitoring The market risk capital rule requires that the Company conduct due diligence on the risk of each securitization position within three days of its purchase. The Company’s due diligence seeks to provide an understanding of the features that would materially affect the performance of a securitization or re-securitization. The due diligence analysis is re-performed on a quarterly basis for each
securitization and re-securitization position. The Company uses an automated solution to track the due diligence associated with securitization activity. The Company aims to manage the risks associated with securitization and re-securitization positions through the use of offsetting positions and portfolio diversification.

Standardized Specific Risk ChargeFor debt and equity positions that are not evaluated by the approved internal specific risk models, a regulatory prescribed standard specific risk charge is applied. The standard specific risk add-on for sovereign entities, public sector entities, and depository institutions is based on the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) country risk classifications (CRC) and the remaining contractual maturity of the position. These risk add-ons for debt positions range from 0.25% to 12%. The add-on for corporate debt is based on creditworthiness and the remaining contractual maturity of the position. All other types of debt positions are subject to an 8% add-on. The standard specific risk add-on for equity positions is generally 8%.
Comprehensive Risk Charge / Correlation TradingThe market risk capital rule requires capital for correlation trading positions. The Company's remaining correlation trading exposure covered under the market risk capital rule matured in fourth quarter 2014.
Table 37 summarizes the market risk-based capital requirements charge and market RWAs in accordance with the Basel III market risk capital rule as of September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016. The market RWAs are calculated as the sum of the VaR components indescribed above, which is due to portfolio diversification. The diversification effect arises because the table below.

Table 37:Market Risk Regulatory Capitalrisks are not perfectly correlated causing a portfolio of positions to usually be less risky than the sum of the risks of the positions alone. The diversification benefit is not meaningful for low and RWAs
 September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
(in millions)
Risk-
based
capital

 
Risk-
weighted
assets

 
Risk-
based
capital

 
Risk-
weighted
assets

Total VaR$163
 2,039
 247
 3,091
Total Stressed VaR837
 10,461
 1,135
 14,183
Incremental Risk Charge34
 423
 217
 2,710
Securitized Products Charge678
 8,469
 561
 7,007
Standardized Specific Risk Charge1,248
 15,606
 1,357
 16,962
De minimis Charges (positions not included in models)10
 132
 11
 147
Total$2,970
 37,130
 3,528
 44,100


high metrics since they may occur on different days.
RWA RollforwardTable 38depicts the changes in the market risk regulatory capital and RWAs under Basel III for the first nine months and third quarter of 2017.
Table 38:Analysis of Changes in Market Risk Regulatory Capital and RWAs
(in millions)
Risk-
based
capital

 
Risk-
weighted
assets

Balance, December 31, 2016$3,528
 44,100
Total VaR(84) (1,052)
Total Stressed VaR(298) (3,722)
Incremental Risk Charge(183) (2,288)
Securitized Products Charge117
 1,461
Standardized Specific Risk Charge(108) (1,356)
De minimis Charges(2) (13)
Balance, September 30, 2017$2,970
 37,130
    
Balance, June 30, 2017$3,026
 37,827
Total VaR11
 141
Total Stressed VaR(62) (774)
Incremental Risk Charge4
 47
Securitized Products Charge55
 689
Standardized Specific Risk Charge(66) (831)
De minimis Charges2
 31
Balance, September 30, 2017$2,970
 37,130

The largest contributor to the changes to market risk regulatory capital and RWAs in the first nine months of 2017 was associated with changes in positions due to normal trading activity.

VaRBacktestingThe market risk capital rule requires backtesting as one form of validation of the VaR model. Backtesting is a comparison of the daily VaR estimate with the actual clean profit and loss (clean P&L) as defined by the market risk capital rule. Clean P&L is the change in the value of the Company’s covered trading positions that would have occurred had previous end-of-day covered trading positions remained unchanged (therefore, excluding fees, commissions, net interest income, and intraday trading gains and losses). The backtesting analysis compares the daily Total VaR for each of the trading days in the preceding 12 months with the net clean P&L. Clean P&L does not include credit adjustments and other activity not representative of daily price changes driven by market risk factors. The clean P&L measure of revenue is used to evaluate the performance of the Total VaR and is not comparable to our actual daily trading net revenues, as reported elsewhere in this Report.
Any observed clean P&L loss in excess of the Total VaR is considered a market risk regulatory capital backtesting exception. The actual number of exceptions (that is, the number of business days for which the clean P&L losses exceed the corresponding 1-day, 99% Total VaR measure) over the preceding 12 months is used to determine the capital multiplier for the capital calculation. The number of actual backtesting exceptions is dependent on current market performance relative to historic market volatility in addition to model performance and assumptions. This capital multiplier increases from a minimum of three to a maximum of four, depending on the number of exceptions. No backtesting exceptions occurred over the preceding 12 months. Backtesting is also performed at line of business levels within the Company.
Table 39 shows daily Total VaR (1-day, 99%) used for regulatory market risk capital backtesting for the 12 months ended September 30, 2017. The Company’s average Total VaR for third quarter 2017 was $19 million with a low of $17 million and a high of $21 million. The decrease in Total 1-day VaR in second quarter 2017 was attributable to a decline in modeled Specific Risk.

Asset/Liability Management (continued)

Table 39: Daily Total 1-Day 99% VaR Measure (Rolling 12 Months)
marketrisk40.jpg
Market Risk Governance,Measurement, Monitoring and Model Risk ManagementWe employ a well-defined and structured market risk governance process and market risk measurement process, which incorporates value-at-risk (VaR) measurements combined with sensitivity analysis and stress testing to help us monitor our market risk. These monitoring measurements require the use of market risk models, which we govern by our Corporate Model Risk policies and procedures. For more information on our governance, measurement, monitoring, and model risk management practices, see the “Risk Management – Asset/Liability Management – Market Risk – Trading Activities” section in our 2016 Form 10-K.

MARKET RISK – EQUITY INVESTMENTSSECURITIES We are directly and indirectly affected by changes in the equity markets. We make and manage direct equity investments in start-up businesses, emerging growth companies, management buy-outs, acquisitions and corporate recapitalizations. We also invest in non-affiliated funds that make similar private equity investments. These private equity investments are made within capital allocations approved by management and the Board. The Board’s policy is to review business developments, key risks and historical returns for the private equity investment portfolio at least annually. Management reviews these investments at least quarterly and assesses them for possible OTTI. For nonmarketable investments, the analysis is based on facts and circumstances of each individual investment and the expectations for that investment’s cash flows and capital needs, the viability of its business model and our exit strategy. Nonmarketable investments include private equity investments accounted for under the cost method, equity method and fair value option.
In conjunction with the March 2008 initial public offering (IPO) of Visa, Inc. (Visa), we received approximately 20.7 million shares of Visa Class B common stock, the class which was apportioned to member banks of Visa at the time of the IPO. To
manage our exposure to Visa and realize the value of the appreciated Visa shares, we incrementally sold these shares
through a series of sales over the past few years, thereby eliminating this position as of September 30, 2015. As part of these sales, we agreed to compensate the buyer for any additional contributions to a litigation settlement fund for the litigation matters associated with the Class B shares we sold. Our exposure to this retained litigation risk has been updated quarterly and is reflected on our balance sheet. For additional information, about the associated litigation matters, see the “Interchange Litigation”“Risk Management – Asset/Liability Management – Market Risk – Equity Securities” section in our 2021 Form 10-K.
We also have marketable equity securities that include investments relating to our venture capital activities. The fair value changes in these marketable equity securities are recognized in net income. For additional information, see Note 11 (Legal Actions)6 (Equity Securities) to Financial Statements in this Report.
As part of our business to support our customers, we trade public equities, listed/OTC equity derivatives and convertible bonds. We have parameters that govern these activities. We also have marketable equity securities in the available-for-sale securities portfolio, including securities relating to our venture capital activities. We manage these investments within capital risk limits approved by management and the Board and monitored by Corporate ALCO and the Corporate Market Risk Committee. Gains and losses on these securities are recognized in net income when realized and periodically include OTTI charges.
Changes in equity market prices may also indirectly affect our net income by (1) the value of third partythird-party assets under management and, hence, fee income, (2) borrowers whose ability to repay principal and/or interest may be affected by the stock market, or (3) brokerage activity, related commission income and other business activities. Each business line monitors and manages these indirect risks.
Table 40 provides information regarding our marketable
LIQUIDITY RISK AND FUNDING In the ordinary course of business, we enter into contractual obligations that may require future cash payments, including funding for customer loan requests, customer deposit maturities and nonmarketable equity investments as of September 30, 2017,withdrawals, debt service, leases for premises and December 31, 2016.

Table 40:Nonmarketableequipment, and Marketable Equity Investments
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

Nonmarketable equity investments:   
Cost method:   
Federal bank stock$5,839
 6,407
Private equity1,428
 1,465
Auction rate securities400
 525
Total cost method7,667
 8,397
Equity method:   
LIHTC (1)9,884
 9,714
Private equity3,758
 3,635
Tax-advantaged renewable energy1,954
 2,054
New market tax credit and other291
 305
Total equity method15,887
 15,708
Fair value (2)4,523
 3,275
Total nonmarketable equity investments (3)$28,077
 27,380
Marketable equity securities:   
Cost$606
 706
Net unrealized gains287
 505
Total marketable equity securities (4)$893
 1,211
(1)Represents low income housing tax credit investments.
(2)Represents nonmarketable equity investments for which we have elected the fair value option. See Note 6 (Other Assets) and Note 13 (Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information.
(3)Included in other assets on the balance sheet. See Note 6 (Other Assets) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information.
(4)Included in available-for-sale securities. See Note 4 (Investment Securities) to Financial Statements in this Report for additional information.

LIQUIDITY AND FUNDINGother cash commitments. The objective of effective liquidity management is to ensure that we can meet customer loan requests, customer deposit maturities/withdrawalsour contractual obligations and other cash commitments efficiently under both normal operating conditions and under periods of Wells Fargo-specific and/or market stress. To help achieve this objective, the Board of Directors establishes liquidity guidelines that require sufficient asset-based liquidity to cover potential funding requirements and to avoid over-dependence on volatile, less reliable funding markets. These guidelines are monitored on a monthly basis by the Corporate ALCO and on a quarterly basis by the Board of Directors. These guidelines are established and monitored forwe monitor both the consolidated company and for the Parent on a stand-alone basis to ensure that the Parent is a source of strength for its regulated, deposit-taking banking subsidiaries. The Parent acts as a source of funding for the Company through the issuance of long-term debt and equity, and WFC Holdings, LLC, an intermediate holding company and subsidiary of the Parent (the “IHC”), provides funding support for the ongoing operational requirements of the Parent and certain of its direct and indirect subsidiaries. For

additional information on liquidity risk and funding management, see the “Risk Management – Liquidity Risk and Funding” section in our 2021 Form 10-K. For additional information on the IHC, see the “Regulatory Matters – ‘Living Will’ Requirements and Related Matters” section in our 2021 Form 10-K.

Liquidity Standards On September 3, 2014, We are subject to a rule issued by the FRB, OCC and FDIC issuedthat establishes a final rule that implements a quantitative minimum liquidity requirement consistent with the liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) established by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS). The rule requires a covered banking institutions, such as Wells Fargo,organization to hold high-quality liquid assets (HQLA), such as central bank reserves and government and corporate debt that can be converted easily and quickly into cash, in an amount equal to or greater than its projected net cash outflows during a 30-day stress period. Our HQLA under the rule predominantly consists of central bank deposits, government debt securities, and mortgage-backed securities of federal agencies. The rule is applicableLCR applies to the Company on a consolidated basis and to our insured depository institutions (IDIs) with total assets greater thanof $10 billion.billion or more. In addition, rules issued by the FRB finalized rules imposingimpose enhanced liquidity risk management standards on large bank holding companies (BHC)(BHCs), such as Wells Fargo, and finalized a rule that requires large bank holding companies to publicly disclose on a quarterly basis beginning
April 1, 2017, certain quantitative and qualitative information regarding their LCR calculations.Fargo.
The FRB, OCC and FDIC have proposedalso issued a rule that would implementimplementing a stable funding requirement, known as the net stable funding ratio (NSFR), which would require largerequires a covered banking organizations,organization, such as Wells Fargo, to maintain a sufficientminimum amount of stable funding, including common equity, long-term debt and most types of deposits, in relation to theirits assets, derivative exposures and commitments over a one-year horizon period. The NSFR applies to the Company on a consolidated basis and to our IDIs with total assets of $10 billion or more. As proposed,of March 31, 2022, we were compliant with the rule would become effective on January 1, 2018.NSFR requirement.


Liquidity Coverage Ratio As of September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, the consolidated Company, and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. were above, and Wells Fargo National Bank West exceeded the minimum LCR requirement of 100%, which is calculated as HQLA divided by projected net cash outflows, as each is defined under the LCR rule. Table 4126 presents the Company’s quarterly average values for the daily-calculated LCR and its components calculated pursuant to the LCR rule requirements.

42Wells Fargo & Company


Table 41: 26:Liquidity Coverage Ratio
Average for Quarter ended
(in millions, except ratio)Mar 31, 2022Dec 31, 2021Mar 31, 2021
HQLA (1):
Eligible cash$170,867210,527 216,403 
Eligible securities (2)203,622172,761 186,270 
Total HQLA374,489383,288 402,673 
Projected net cash outflows314,691325,015 316,116 
LCR119 %118 127 
(in millions)Average for Quarter ended September 30, 2017
HQLA (1)(2)$398,381
Projected net cash outflows311,592
LCR128%
HQLA in excess of projected net cash outflows$86,789
(1)Excludes excess HQLA at certain subsidiaries that is not transferable to other Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.entities.
(2)Net of applicable haircuts required under the LCR rule.
Liquidity Sources We maintain liquidity in the form of cash, cash equivalents and unencumbered high-quality, liquid debt securities. These assets make up our primary sources of liquidity which are presented in Table 42.liquidity. Our primary sources of liquidity are substantially the same in composition as HQLA under the LCR rule; however, our primary sources of liquidity will generally exceed HQLA calculated under the LCR rule due to the applicable haircuts to HQLA and the exclusion of excess HQLA at our subsidiary insured depository institutionsIDIs required under the LCR rule. Our primary sources of liquidity are presented in Table 27 at fair value, which also includes encumbered securities that are not included as available HQLA in the calculation of the LCR.
Our cash is predominantly on deposit with the Federal Reserve. SecuritiesDebt securities included as part of our primary sources of liquidity are comprised of U.S. Treasury and federal agency debt, and mortgage-backed securitiesMBS issued by federal agencies within our investmentdebt securities portfolio. We believe these debt securities provide quick sources of liquidity through sales or by pledging to obtain financing, regardless of market conditions. Some of these debt securities are within the held-to-maturity portion of our investment securitiesHTM portfolio and, as such, are not intended for sale but may be pledged to obtain financing. Some of the legal entities within our consolidated group of companies are subject to various regulatory, tax, legal and other restrictions that can limit the transferability of their funds. We believe we maintain adequate liquidity for these entities in consideration of such funds transfer restrictions.
Asset/Liability Management (continued)

Table 42:27:Primary Sources of Liquidity
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in millions)TotalEncumberedUnencumberedTotalEncumberedUnencumbered
Interest-earning deposits with banks$174,441  174,441 209,614 — 209,614 
Debt securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies61,984 5,414 56,570 56,486 4,066 52,420 
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities (1)276,450 49,248 227,202 293,870 58,955 234,915 
Total$512,875 54,662 458,213 559,970 63,021 496,949 
 September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
(in millions)Total
 Encumbered
 Unencumbered
 Total
 Encumbered
 Unencumbered
Interest-earning deposits$205,648
 
 205,648
 $200,671
 
 200,671
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies51,632
 1,101
 50,531
 70,898
 1,160
 69,738
Mortgage-backed securities of federal agencies (1)239,798
 46,137
 193,661
 205,655
 52,672
 152,983
Total$497,078
 47,238
 449,840
 $477,224
 53,832
 423,392
(1)Included in encumbered securities at March 31, 2022, were securities with a fair value of $836 million, which were purchased in March 2022, but settled in April 2022.
(1)
Included in encumbered securities at September 30, 2017, were securities with a fair value of $8.0 billion which were purchased in September 2017, but settled in October 2017.


In addition to our primary sources of liquidity shown in
Table 42,27, liquidity is also available through the sale or financing of other debt securities including trading and/or available-for-saleAFS debt securities, as well as through the sale, securitization or financing of loans, to the extent such debt securities and loans are not encumbered. In addition, other securities in our held-to-maturity portfolio, toAs of March 31, 2022, we also maintained approximately $213.7 billion of available borrowing capacity at various Federal Home Loan Banks and the extent not encumbered, may be pledged to obtain financing.Federal Reserve Discount Window.
Deposits have historically provided a sizable source of relatively low-cost funds. Deposits were 137%162% and 166% of total
loans at September 30, 2017March 31, 2022, and 135% at December 31, 2016.
2021, respectively. Additional funding is provided by long-term debt and short-term borrowings. Table 28 presents a summary of our short-term borrowings, which generally mature in less than 30 days. We pledge certain financial instruments that we own to collateralize repurchase agreements and other securities financings. For additional information, see the “Pledged Assets” section of
Note 12 (Pledged Assets and Collateral) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Table 28:Short-Term Borrowings
(in millions)March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase$19,969 21,191 
Other short-term borrowings13,632 13,218 
Total$33,601 34,409 
Wells Fargo & Company43


Risk Management – Asset/Liability Management (continued)
We access domestic and international capital markets for long-term funding (generally greater than one year) through issuances of registered debt securities, private placements and asset-backed secured funding.
Table 43 shows selected information for short-term borrowings, which generally mature in less than 30 days.
Table 43:Short-Term Borrowings
 Quarter ended 
(in millions)Sep 30
2017

 Jun 30,
2017

 Mar 31,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

 Sep 30,
2016

Balance, period end         
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase$79,824
 78,683
 76,366
 78,124
 108,468
Commercial paper
 11
 10
 120
 123
Other short-term borrowings13,987
 16,662
 18,495
 18,537
 16,077
Total$93,811
 95,356
 94,871
 96,781
 124,668
Average daily balance for period         
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase$81,980
 79,826
 79,942
 107,271
 101,252
Commercial paper4
 10
 51
 121
 137
Other short-term borrowings17,209
 15,927
 18,556
 17,306
 14,839
Total$99,193
 95,763
 98,549
 124,698
 116,228
Maximum month-end balance for period         
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase (1)$83,260
 78,683
 81,284
 109,645
 108,468
Commercial paper (2)11
 11
 78
 121
 138
Other short-term borrowings (3)18,301
 18,281
 19,439
 18,537
 16,077
(1)
Highest month-end balance in each of the last five quarters was in August, June and February 2017, October and September 2016.
(2)
Highest month-end balance in each of the last five quarters was in July, June and January 2017, November and July 2016.
(3)
Highest month-end balance in each of the last five quarters was in July, April and February 2017, December and September 2016.

Long-Term Debt We issue long-term debt in a variety of maturities and currencies to achieve cost-efficient funding and to maintain an appropriate maturity profile. Long-term debt of $238.9 billion at September 30, 2017, decreased $16.2 billion from December 31, 2016. We issued $10.4 billion and $38.4 billion of long-term debt in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively. Table 44 provides the aggregate carrying value of long-term debt maturities (based on contractual payment dates) for the remainder of 2017 and the following years thereafter, as of September 30, 2017.

Table 44:Maturity of Long-Term Debt
 September 30, 2017 
(in millions)Remaining 2017
 2018
 2019
 2020
 2021
 Thereafter
 Total
Wells Fargo & Company (Parent Only)             
Senior notes$3,084
 8,002
 6,791
 13,300
 18,036
 71,083
 120,296
Subordinated notes
 608
 
 
 
 26,380
 26,988
Junior subordinated notes
 
 
 
 
 1,658
 1,658
Total long-term debt - Parent$3,084
 8,610
 6,791
 13,300
 18,036
 99,121
 148,942
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. and other bank entities (Bank)             
Senior notes$4,512
 31,622
 18,888
 5,511
 10,238
 240
 71,011
Subordinated notes1,026
 
 
 
 
 5,406
 6,432
Junior subordinated notes
 
 
 
 
 340
 340
Securitizations and other bank debt1,732
 1,803
 728
 649
 117
 3,639
 8,668
Total long-term debt - Bank$7,270
 33,425
 19,616
 6,160
 10,355
 9,625
 86,451
Other consolidated subsidiaries             
Senior notes$
 807
 1,200
 
 1,016
 404
 3,427
Junior subordinated notes
 
 
 
 
 
 
Securitizations and other bank debt
 73
 
 
 
 
 73
Total long-term debt - Other consolidated subsidiaries$
 880
 1,200
 
 1,016
 404
 3,500
Total long-term debt$10,354
 42,915
 27,607
 19,460
 29,407
 109,150
 238,893
Parent In February 2017, the Parent filed a registration statement with the SEC for the issuance of senior and subordinated notes, preferred stock and other securities.The Parent’s ability to issue debt and other securities under this registration statement is limited by the debt issuance authority granted by the Board. As of September 30, 2017, the Parent was authorized by the Board to issue up to $50 billion in outstanding short-term debt and $180 billion in outstanding long-term debt. The Parent’s short-term debt issuance authority granted by the Board is limited to debt issued to affiliates, while the Parent’s long-term debt issuance authority granted by the Board includes debt issued to affiliates and others. At September 30, 2017, the Parent had available $50.0 billion in short-term debt issuance authority and $26.9 billion in long-term debt issuance authority. During the first nine months of 2017, the Parent issued $21.9 billion of senior notes, of which $16.1 billion were registered with the SEC.
The Parent’s proceedsProceeds from securities issued were used for general corporate purposes, and, unless otherwise specified in the applicable prospectus or prospectus supplement, we expect the proceeds from securities issued in the future will be used for the same purposes. Depending on market conditions and our liquidity
position, we may purchaseredeem or repurchase, and subsequently retire, our outstanding debt securities from time to time in privately negotiated or open market transactions, by tender offer, or otherwise.

Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. As In addition, we issued $8.1 billion of September 30, 2017, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. was authorized by its board of directors to issue $100 billion in outstanding short-term debt and $175 billion in outstanding long-term debt and had available $97.4 billion in short-term debt issuance authority and $98.2 billion inApril 2022. Table 29 provides the aggregate carrying value of long-term debt issuance authority. In April 2015, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. established a $100 billion bank note program under which, subject to any other debt outstanding undermaturities (based on contractual payment dates) for the limits described above, it may issue $50 billion in outstanding short-term senior notesremainder of 2022 and $50 billion in outstanding long-term senior or subordinated notes. At September 30, 2017, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. had remaining issuance capacity under the bank note program of $50.0 billion
in short-term senior notes and $38.0 billion in long-term senior or subordinated notes. During the first nine months of 2017, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. issued $1.0 billion of unregistered senior notes, none of which were issued under the bank note program. In addition, during the first nine months of 2017, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. executed advances of $20.4 billion with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines, andfollowing years thereafter, as of September 30, 2017, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. had outstanding advancesMarch 31, 2022.
Table 29:Maturity of $60.0 billion across the Federal Home Loan Bank System.Long-Term Debt

March 31, 2022
(in millions)Remaining 20222023202420252026ThereafterTotal
Wells Fargo & Company (Parent Only)
Senior notes$8,904 5,947 11,551 13,960 18,303 54,934 113,599 
Subordinated notes— 2,659 720 1,049 2,784 17,689 24,901 
Junior subordinated notes— — — — — 1,290 1,290 
Total long-term debt – Parent8,904 8,606 12,271 15,009 21,087 73,913 139,790 
Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. and other bank entities (Bank)
Senior notes27 186 88 140 447 
Subordinated notes— 999 — 156 — 3,830 4,985 
Junior subordinated notes— — — — — 391 391 
Securitizations and other bank debt2,037 1,377 1,087 251 124 1,424 6,300 
Total long-term debt – Bank2,064 2,379 1,090 593 212 5,785 12,123 
Other consolidated subsidiaries
Senior notes67 500 106 422 225 104 1,424 
Total long-term debt – Other consolidated subsidiaries67 500 106 422 225 104 1,424 
Total long-term debt$11,035 11,485 13,467 16,024 21,524 79,802 153,337 

44Wells Fargo & Company


Credit RatingsInvestors in the long-term capital markets, as well as other market participants, generally will consider, among other factors, a company’s debt rating in making investment decisions. Rating agencies base their ratings on many quantitative and qualitative factors, including capital adequacy, liquidity, asset quality, business mix, the level and quality of earnings, and rating agency assumptions regarding the probability and extent of federal financial assistance or support for certain large financial institutions. Adverse changes in these factors could result in a reduction of our credit rating; however, our debt securities do not contain credit rating covenants.
On September 18, 2017, S&P Global RatingsFebruary 16, 2022, Moody's Investors Service (Moody’s) affirmed all of the Company’s ratings and maintained its negativechanged the rating outlook
to stable from negative. There were no other actions undertaken by the rating agencies with regard to our credit ratings outlook. On September 20, 2017, DBRS, Inc. (DBRS) downgraded the Company’s long-term ratings by one notch and affirmed the Company’s short-term ratings. DBRS revised the trend on the Company's long-term ratings from negative to stable. On October 3, 2017, Fitch Ratings, Inc. downgraded certain of the Company’s ratings by one notch and revised the ratings outlook from negative to stable. Both the Parent and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. remain among the top-rated financial firms in the U.S.during first quarter 2022.
See the “Risk Factors” section in our 20162021 Form 10-K for additional information regarding our credit ratings and the potential impact a credit rating downgrade would have on our liquidity and operations, as well as Note 1214 (Derivatives) to Financial Statements in this Report for information regarding additional collateral and funding obligations required for certain
Asset/Liability Management (continued)

derivative instruments in the event our credit ratings were to fall below investment grade.
The credit ratings of the Parent and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as of September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, are presented in Table 45.

30.
Table 45:30:Credit Ratings as of September 30, 2017
March 31, 2022
Wells Fargo & CompanyWells Fargo Bank, N.A.
Senior debt
Short-term
borrowings 
Long-term
deposits 
Short-term
borrowings 
Moody'sMoody’s A2A1P-1Aa1P-1
S&P Global Ratings ABBB+ A-1A-2 AA-A+ A-1+A-1
Fitch Ratings Inc.A+F1AAF1+
DBRS Morningstar AA(low)AA (low) R-1(middle)R-1 (middle)AA R-1(high)R-1 (high)
FEDERAL HOME LOAN BANK MEMBERSHIP The Federal Home Loan Banks (the FHLBs) are a group of cooperatives that lending institutions use to finance housing and economic development in local communities. We are a member of the FHLBs based in Dallas, Des Moines and San Francisco. Each member of the FHLBs isFHLB members are required to maintain a minimum investment in capital stock of the applicable FHLB. The board of directors of each FHLB can increase the minimum investment requirements in the event it has concluded that additional capital is required to allow it to meet its own regulatory capital requirements. Any increase in the minimum investment requirements outside of specified ranges requires the approval of the Federal Housing Finance Board.Agency. Because the extent of any obligation to increase our investment in any of the FHLBs depends entirely upon the occurrence of a future event, potentialthe amount of any future payments toinvestment in the capital stock of the FHLBs areis not determinable.


Capital ManagementWells Fargo & Company45



Capital Management
We have an active program for managing capital through a comprehensive process for assessing the Company’s overall capital adequacy. Our objective is to maintain capital at an amount commensurate with our risk profile and risk tolerance objectives, and to meet both regulatory and market expectations. We primarily fund our capital needs through the retention of earnings net of both dividends and share repurchases, as well as through the issuance of preferred stock and longlong- and short-term debt. Retained earnings at March 31, 2022, increased $8.7$2.3 billion from December 31, 2016,2021, predominantly fromas a result of $3.7 billion of Wells Fargo net income, of $15.9partially offset by $1.3 billion lessof common and preferred stock dividends of $7.0 billion.dividends. During thirdfirst quarter 2017,2022, we issued 10.1$580 million shares of common stock. During thirdstock, substantially all of which was issued in connection with employee compensation and benefits. In first quarter 2017,2022, we repurchased 49.0110 million shares of common stock in open market transactions, private transactions and from employee benefit plans, at a cost of $2.6$6 billion. We also entered into a $1 billion forward repurchase contract with an unrelated third party in October 2017 that is expected to settle inIn first quarter 2018 for approximately 19 million shares.2022, our cumulative other comprehensive income decreased $5.1 billion, predominantly due to net unrealized losses on AFS debt securities. As interest rates increase, changes in the fair value of AFS debt securities may negatively affect cumulative other comprehensive income, which lowers the amount of our risk-based capital. For additional information about our forward repurchase agreements,capital planning, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in this Report.the “Capital Planning and Stress Testing” section below.

Regulatory Capital GuidelinesRequirements
The Company and each of our insured depository institutionsIDIs are subject to various regulatory capital adequacy requirements administered by the FRB and the OCC. Risk-based capital (RBC) guidelinesrules establish a risk-adjusted ratioratios relating regulatory capital to different categories of assets and off-balance sheet exposures as discussed below.


RISK-BASED CAPITAL AND RISK-WEIGHTED ASSETS The Company is subject to final and interim final rules issued by federal banking regulators to implement Basel III capital requirements for U.S. banking organizations. TheseThe rules are based on international guidelinescontain two frameworks for determining regulatorycalculating capital issued byrequirements, a Standardized Approach and an Advanced Approach applicable to certain institutions, including Wells Fargo, and we must calculate our risk-based capital ratios under both approaches. The Company is required to satisfy the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS). The federal banking regulators’ capital rules, among other things, require on a fully phased-in basis:
a minimum Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) ratio of 9.0%, comprised of a 4.5% minimum requirement plus a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% and for us, as a global systemically important bank (G-SIB), a capital surcharge to be calculated annually, which is 2.0% based on our year-end 2015 data;
a minimum tier 1risk-based capital ratio of 10.5%, comprised of a 6.0% minimum requirement plusrequirements to avoid restrictions on capital distributions and discretionary bonus payments. Table 31 and Table 32 present the risk-based capital conservation buffer of 2.5% and the G-SIB capital surcharge of 2.0%;
a minimum total capital ratio of 12.5%, comprised of a 8.0% minimum requirement plus the capital conservation buffer of 2.5% and the G-SIB capital surcharge of 2.0%;
a potential countercyclical buffer of up to 2.5% to be addedrequirements applicable to the minimumCompany under the Standardized Approach and Advanced Approach, respectively, as of March 31, 2022.
Table 31: Risk-Based Capital Requirements – Standardized Approach as of March 31, 2022
wfc-20220331_g1.jpg
Table 32: Risk-Based Capital Requirements – Advanced Approach as of March 31, 2022
wfc-20220331_g2.jpg
In addition to the risk-based capital ratios, which is currently notrequirements described in effect but could be imposed by regulators at their discretionTable 31 and Table 32, if it is determinedthe FRB determines that a period of excessive credit growth is contributing to an increase in systemic risk;
risk, a minimum tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.0%; and
a minimum supplementary leverage ratio (SLR) of 5.0% (comprised of a 3.0% minimum requirement plus a supplementary leveragecountercyclical buffer of 2.0%) for large and internationally active bank holding companies (BHCs)up to 2.50% could be added to the risk-based capital ratio requirements under federal banking regulations. The countercyclical buffer in effect at March 31, 2022, was 0.00%.

We were required to comply with the final Basel IIIThe capital rules beginning January 2014, with certain provisions subject to phase-in periods. The Basel III capital rules are scheduled to be fully phased in by the end of 2021. The Basel III capital rules contain two frameworks for calculating capital requirements, a Standardized Approach, which replaced Basel I, and an Advanced Approachconservation buffer is applicable to certain institutions, including Wells Fargo. Accordingly,Fargo, under the Advanced Approach and is intended to absorb losses during times of economic or financial stress.

46Wells Fargo & Company


The stress capital buffer is calculated based on the decrease in a BHC’s risk-based capital ratios under the severely adverse scenario in the assessmentFRB’s annual supervisory stress test and related Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (CCAR), plus four quarters of planned common stock dividends. Because the stress capital buffer is calculated annually based on data that can differ over time, our stress capital adequacy, we must report the lower ofbuffer, and thus our CET1, tier 1 and totalrisk-based capital ratios calculatedratio requirements under the Standardized Approach, and underare subject to change in future periods. Our stress capital buffer for the Advanced Approach.period October 1, 2021, through September 30, 2022, is 3.10%.
Because the Company has been designated asAs a G-SIB,global systemically important bank (G-SIB), we willare also be subject to the FRB’s rule implementing thean additional capital surcharge of between 1.0-4.5%1.00-4.50% on the risk-based capital ratio requirements of G-SIBs. Under the rule, we must annually calculate our surcharge under two methods and use the higher of the two surcharges. The first method (method one) will considerconsiders our size, interconnectedness, cross-jurisdictional activity, substitutability, and complexity, consistent with athe methodology developed by the BCBS and the Financial Stability Board (FSB). The second method (method two) will useuses similar inputs, but will replacereplaces substitutability with use of short-term wholesale funding and will generally result in higher surcharges than the BCBS methodology. The phase-in period forunder method one. Because the G-SIB surcharge began on January 1, 2016 and will become fully effective on January 1, 2019. Based on year-end 2015 data, our 2017 G-SIB surcharge under method two is 2.0% of the Company’s RWAs, which is the higher of method one and method two. Because the G-SIBcapital surcharge is calculated annually based on data that can differ over time, the amount of the surcharge is subject to change in future years. If our annual calculation
results in a decrease to our G-SIB capital surcharge, the decrease takes effect the next calendar year. If our annual calculation results in an increase to our G-SIB capital surcharge, the increase takes effect in two calendar years. For 2022, our G-SIB capital surcharge is 1.50%.
Under the risk-based capital rules, on-balance sheet assets and credit equivalent amounts of derivatives and off-balance sheet items are assigned to one of several broad risk categories according to the obligor, or, if relevant, the guarantor or the nature of any collateral. The aggregate dollar amount in each risk category is then multiplied by the risk weight associated with that category. The resulting weighted values from each of the risk categories are aggregated for determining total risk-weighted assets (RWAs).
Effective January 1, 2022, we are required by federal
banking regulators to use the Standardized Approach (fully phased-in), our CET1 ratiofor Counterparty Credit Risk (SA-CCR) for calculating exposure amounts for credit RWAs on derivative contracts. The adoption of 11.82% exceededSA-CCR resulted in an increase of less than 1.00% in total RWAs under the minimum of 9.0% by 282 basis points at September 30, 2017.Standardized Approach (our binding approach) in first quarter 2022.
The tables that follow provide information about our risk- basedrisk-based capital and related ratios as calculated under Basel III capital guidelines. For banking industry regulatory reporting purposes, we report our capital in accordance with Transition Requirements but are managing our capital based on a fully phased-in calculation. For information about our capital requirements calculated in accordance with Transition Requirements, see Note 19 (Regulatory and Agency Capital Requirements) to Financial Statements in this Report.
Capital Management (continued)

rules. Table 4633 summarizes our CET1, tier 1 capital, total capital, risk-weighted assetsRWAs and capital ratios on a fully phased-in basis at September 30, 2017March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2016. As of September 30, 2017, our CET12021.
Table 33:Capital Components and tier 1 capital ratios were lower using RWAs calculatedRatios
Standardized ApproachAdvanced Approach
($ in millions)Required
Capital
Ratios (1)
Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Required
Capital
Ratios (1)
Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Common Equity Tier 1(A)$132,298 140,643 132,298 140,643 
Tier 1 capital(B)151,340 159,671 151,340 159,671 
Total capital(C)186,316 196,281 177,686 186,553 
Risk-weighted assets(D)1,265,517 1,239,026 1,119,518 1,116,068 
Common Equity Tier 1 capital ratio(A)/(D)9.10 %10.45 *11.35 8.50 11.82 12.60 
Tier 1 capital ratio(B)/(D)10.60 11.96 *12.89 10.00 13.52 14.31 
Total capital ratio(C)/(D)12.60 14.72 *15.84 12.00 15.87 16.72 
*Denotes the binding ratio under the Standardized Approach.and Advanced Approaches at March 31, 2022.
(1)Represents the minimum ratios required to avoid restrictions on capital distributions and discretionary bonus payments at March 31, 2022.




Table 46:Capital Components and Ratios (Fully Phased-In) (1)
  September 30, 2017   December 31, 2016  
(in millions) Advanced Approach
 Standardized Approach
  Advanced Approach
 Standardized Approach
 
Common Equity Tier 1(A)$152,808
 152,808
  146,424
 146,424
 
Tier 1 Capital(B)176,263
 176,263
  169,063
 169,063
 
Total Capital(C)207,593
 217,279
  200,344
 210,796
 
Risk-Weighted Assets(D)1,243,355
 1,292,841
  1,298,688
 1,358,933
 
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio(A)/(D)12.29% 11.82
* 11.27
 10.77
*
Tier 1 Capital Ratio(B)/(D)14.18
 13.63
* 13.02
 12.44
*
Total Capital Ratio(C)/(D)16.70
*16.81
  15.43
*15.51
 
*Denotes the lowest capital ratio as determined under the Advanced and Standardized Approaches.
(1)
Fully phased-in regulatory capital amounts, ratios and RWAs are considered non-GAAP financial measures that are used by management, bank regulatory agencies, investors and analysts to assess and monitor the Company’s capital position. See Table Wells Fargo & Company
47 for information regarding the calculation and components of CET1, tier 1 capital, total capital and RWAs, as well as the corresponding reconciliation of our regulatory capital amounts to GAAP financial measures.



Capital Management (continued)
Table 4734 provides information regarding the calculation and composition of our risk-based capital under the AdvancedStandardized and StandardizedAdvanced Approaches at September 30, 2017March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2016.2021.



Table 47:34:Risk-Based Capital Calculation and Components
(in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Total equity$181,689 190,110 
Adjustments:
Preferred stock(20,057)(20,057)
Additional paid-in capital on preferred stock136 136 
Unearned ESOP shares646 646 
Noncontrolling interests(2,446)(2,504)
Total common stockholders’ equity$159,968 168,331 
Adjustments:
Goodwill(25,181)(25,180)
Certain identifiable intangible assets (other than MSRs)(210)(225)
Goodwill and other intangibles on investments in consolidated portfolio companies (included in other assets)(2,304)(2,437)
Applicable deferred taxes related to goodwill and other intangible assets (1)870 765 
CECL transition provision (2)179 241 
Other(1,024)(852)
Common Equity Tier 1 under the Standardized and Advanced Approaches$132,298 140,643 
Preferred stock20,057 20,057 
Additional paid-in capital on preferred stock(136)(136)
Unearned ESOP shares(646)(646)
Other(233)(247)
Total Tier 1 capital under the Standardized and Advanced Approaches(A)$151,340 159,671 
Long-term debt and other instruments qualifying as Tier 222,318 22,740 
Qualifying allowance for credit losses (3)13,038 14,149 
Other(380)(279)
Total Tier 2 capital under the Standardized Approach(B)$34,976 36,610 
Total qualifying capital under the Standardized Approach(A)+(B)$186,316 196,281 
Long-term debt and other instruments qualifying as Tier 2$22,318 22,740 
Qualifying allowance for credit losses (3)4,408 4,421 
Other(380)(279)
Total Tier 2 capital under the Advanced Approach(C)$26,346 26,882 
Total qualifying capital under the Advanced Approach(A)+(C)$177,686 186,553 
(1)Determined by applying the combined federal statutory rate and composite state income tax rates to the difference between book and tax basis of the respective goodwill and intangible assets at period end.
(2)In second quarter 2020, the Company elected to apply a modified transition provision issued by federal banking regulators related to the impact of the current expected credit loss accounting standard (CECL) on regulatory capital. The rule permits certain banking organizations to exclude from regulatory capital the initial adoption impact of CECL, plus 25% of the cumulative changes in the allowance for credit losses (ACL) under CECL for each period until December 31, 2021, followed by a three-year phase-out period in which the benefit is reduced by 25% in year one, 50% in year two and 75% in year three.
(3)Differences between the approaches are driven by the qualifying amounts of ACL includable in Tier 2 capital. Under the Advanced Approach, eligible credit reserves represented by the amount of qualifying ACL in excess of expected credit losses (using regulatory definitions) is limited to 0.60% of Advanced credit RWAs, whereas the Standardized Approach includes ACL in Tier 2 capital up to 1.25% of Standardized credit RWAs. Under both approaches, any excess ACL is deducted from the respective total RWAs.

Table 35 provides the composition of our RWAs under the Standardized and Advanced Approaches at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021.

Table 35: Risk-Weighted Assets
Standardized ApproachAdvanced Approach
(in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Risk-weighted assets (RWAs) (1):
Credit risk$1,212,082 1,186,810 752,633 747,714 
Market risk53,435 52,216 53,435 52,216 
Operational risk — 313,450 316,138 
Total RWAs$1,265,517 1,239,026 1,119,518 1,116,068 
(1)RWAs calculated under the Advanced Approach utilize a risk-sensitive methodology, which relies upon the use of internal credit models based upon our experience with internal rating grades. Advanced Approach also includes an operational risk component, which reflects the risk of loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems, or from external events.
  September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
(in millions) Advanced Approach
 Standardized Approach
 Advanced Approach
 Standardized Approach
Total equity $206,824
 206,824
 200,497
 200,497
Adjustments:        
Preferred stock (25,576) (25,576) (24,551) (24,551)
Additional paid-in capital on ESOP preferred stock (130) (130) (126) (126)
Unearned ESOP shares 1,904
 1,904
 1,565
 1,565
Noncontrolling interests (895) (895) (916) (916)
Total common stockholders' equity
182,127
 182,127
 176,469
 176,469
Adjustments:        
Goodwill (26,581) (26,581) (26,693) (26,693)
Certain identifiable intangible assets (other than MSRs) (1,913) (1,913) (2,723) (2,723)
Other assets (1) (2,282) (2,282) (2,088) (2,088)
Applicable deferred taxes (2) 1,550
 1,550
 1,772
 1,772
Investment in certain subsidiaries and other (93) (93) (313) (313)
Common Equity Tier 1 (Fully Phased-In)
152,808
 152,808
 146,424
 146,424
Effect of Transition Requirements 740
 740

2,361
 2,361
Common Equity Tier 1 (Transition Requirements) $153,548
 153,548
 148,785
 148,785
         
Common Equity Tier 1 (Fully Phased-In) $152,808
 152,808
 146,424
 146,424
Preferred stock 25,576
 25,576
 24,551
 24,551
Additional paid-in capital on ESOP preferred stock 130
 130
 126
 126
Unearned ESOP shares (1,904) (1,904) (1,565) (1,565)
Other (347) (347) (473) (473)
Total Tier 1 capital (Fully Phased-In)(A)176,263
 176,263
 169,063
 169,063
Effect of Transition Requirements 733
 733
 2,301
 2,301
Total Tier 1 capital (Transition Requirements) $176,996
 176,996
 171,364
 171,364
         
Total Tier 1 capital (Fully Phased-In) $176,263
 176,263
 169,063
 169,063
Long-term debt and other instruments qualifying as Tier 2 29,183
 29,183
 29,465
 29,465
Qualifying allowance for credit losses (3) 2,423
 12,109
 2,088
 12,540
Other (276) (276) (272) (272)
Total Tier 2 capital (Fully Phased-In)(B)31,330
 41,016
 31,281
 41,733
Effect of Transition Requirements 1,196
 1,196
 1,780
 1,780
Total Tier 2 capital (Transition Requirements) $32,526
 42,212
 33,061
 43,513
         
Total qualifying capital (Fully Phased-In)(A)+(B)$207,593
 217,279
 200,344
 210,796
Total Effect of Transition Requirements 1,929
 1,929
 4,081
 4,081
Total qualifying capital (Transition Requirements) $209,522
 219,208
 204,425
 214,877
         
Risk-Weighted Assets (RWAs) (4)(5):        
Credit risk $910,562
 1,255,711
 960,763
 1,314,833
Market risk 37,130
 37,130
 44,100
 44,100
Operational risk 295,663
 N/A
 293,825
 N/A
Total RWAs (Fully Phased-In) $1,243,355
 1,292,841
 1,298,688
 1,358,933
Credit risk $884,907
 1,231,508
 936,664
 1,292,098
Market risk 37,130
 37,130
 44,100
 44,100
Operational risk 295,663
 N/A
 293,825
 N/A
Total RWAs (Transition Requirements) $1,217,700
 1,268,638
 1,274,589
 1,336,198
(1)48Represents goodwill and other intangibles on nonmarketable equity investments and on held-for-sale assets, which are included in other assets.
Wells Fargo & Company
(2)Applicable deferred taxes relate to goodwill and other intangible assets. They were determined by applying the combined federal statutory rate and composite state income tax rates to the difference between book and tax basis of the respective goodwill and intangible assets at period end.
(3)Under the Advanced Approach the allowance for credit losses that exceeds expected credit losses is eligible for inclusion in Tier 2 Capital, to the extent the excess allowance does not exceed 0.6% of Advanced credit RWAs, and under the Standardized Approach, the allowance for credit losses is includable in Tier 2 Capital up to 1.25% of Standardized credit RWAs, with any excess allowance for credit losses being deducted from total RWAs.
(4)RWAs calculated under the Advanced Approach utilize a risk-sensitive methodology, which relies upon the use of internal credit models based upon our experience with internal rating grades. Advanced Approach also includes an operational risk component, which reflects the risk of operating loss resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes or systems.
(5)Under the regulatory guidelines for risk-based capital, on-balance sheet assets and credit equivalent amounts of derivatives and off-balance sheet items are assigned to one of several broad risk categories according to the obligor, or, if relevant, the guarantor or the nature of any collateral. The aggregate dollar amount in each risk category is then multiplied by the risk weight associated with that category. The resulting weighted values from each of the risk categories are aggregated for determining total RWAs.

Capital Management (continued)

Table 4836 presents the changes in Common Equity Tier 1 under the Advanced ApproachCET1 for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2022.


Table 48:36:Analysis of Changes in Common Equity Tier 1
(in millions)  
Common Equity Tier 1 (Fully Phased-In) at December 31, 2016 $146,424
Net income 14,645
Common stock dividends (5,738)
Common stock issued, repurchased, and stock compensation-related items (4,750)
Goodwill 112
Certain identifiable intangible assets (other than MSRs) 811
Other assets (1) (195)
Applicable deferred taxes (2) (221)
Investment in certain subsidiaries and other 1,720
Change in Common Equity Tier 1 6,384
Common Equity Tier 1 (Fully Phased-In) at September 30, 2017 $152,808
(1)(in millions)Represents goodwill
Common Equity Tier 1 at December 31, 2021$140,643 
Net income applicable to common stock3,393 
Common stock dividends(959)
Common stock issued, repurchased, and stock compensation-related items(5,725)
Changes in cumulative other comprehensive income(5,065)
Goodwill(1)
Certain identifiable intangible assets (other than MSRs)15 
Goodwill and other intangibles on nonmarketable equity investments and on held-for-sale assets, which are includedin consolidated portfolio companies (included in other assets.assets)
133 
(2)Applicable deferred taxes relaterelated to goodwill and other intangible assets. They were determined by applying the combined federal statutory rate and composite state income tax rates to the difference between book and tax basis of the respective goodwill and intangible assets (1)105 
CECL transition provision (2)(62)
Other(179)
Change in Common Equity Tier 1(8,345)
Common Equity Tier 1 at period end.March 31, 2022$132,298

(1)Determined by applying the combined federal statutory rate and composite state income tax rates to the difference between book and tax basis of the respective goodwill and intangible assets at period end.
(2)In second quarter 2020, the Company elected to apply a modified transition provision issued by federal banking regulators related to the impact of CECL on regulatory capital. The rule permits certain banking organizations to exclude from regulatory capital the initial adoption impact of CECL, plus 25% of the cumulative changes in the allowance for credit losses (ACL) under CECL for each period until December 31, 2021, followed by a three-year phase-out period in which the benefit is reduced by 25% in year one, 50% in year two and 75% in year three.
Table 4937 presents net changes in the components of RWAs under the AdvancedStandardized and StandardizedAdvanced Approaches for the ninethree months ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2022.


Table 49:37:Analysis of Changes in RWAs
(in millions)Standardized ApproachAdvanced Approach
Risk-weighted assets (RWAs) at December 31, 2021$1,239,026 1,116,068 
Net change in credit risk RWAs25,272 4,919 
Net change in market risk RWAs1,219 1,219 
Net change in operational risk RWAs— (2,688)
Total change in RWAs26,491 3,450 
RWAs at March 31, 2022$1,265,517 1,119,518 
(in millions)Advanced Approach
Standardized Approach
RWAs (Fully Phased-In) at December 31, 2016$1,298,688
1,358,933
Net change in credit risk RWAs(50,201)(59,122)
Net change in market risk RWAs(6,970)(6,970)
Net change in operational risk RWAs1,838
N/A
Total change in RWAs(55,333)(66,092)
RWAs (Fully Phased-In) at September 30, 20171,243,355
1,292,841
Effect of Transition Requirements(25,655)(24,203)
RWAs (Transition Requirements) at September 30, 2017$1,217,700
1,268,638

Wells Fargo & Company49


Capital Management (continued)


TANGIBLE COMMON EQUITY We also evaluate our business based on certain ratios that utilize tangible common equity. Tangible common equity is a non-GAAP financial measure and represents total equity less preferred equity, noncontrolling interests, and goodwill, and certain identifiable intangible assets (including(other than MSRs) and goodwill and intangible assets associated with certain of our nonmarketable equityother intangibles on investments but excluding mortgage servicing rights),in consolidated portfolio companies, net of applicable deferred taxes. These tangible common equityThe ratios are as follows:
Tangible(i) tangible book value per common share, which represents tangible common equity divided by common shares outstanding.
Returnoutstanding; and (ii) return on average tangible common
equity (ROTCE), which represents our annualized earnings contribution as a percentage of tangible common equity.

The methodology of determining tangible common equity may differ among companies. Management believes that tangible book value per common share and return on average tangible common equity, which utilize tangible common equity, are useful financial measures because they enable management, investors, and others to assess the Company'sCompany’s use of equity.
Table 5038 provides a reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures to GAAP financial measures.

Table 50:38:Tangible Common Equity
Balance at period endAverage balance
Quarter endedQuarter ended
(in millions, except ratios)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Mar 31,
2021
Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Mar 31,
2021
Total equity$181,689 190,110 188,034 186,337190,744 189,074 
Adjustments:
Preferred stock(20,057)(20,057)(21,170)(20,057)(20,267)(21,840)
Additional paid-in capital on preferred stock136 136 139 134 120 145 
Unearned ESOP shares646 646 875 646 872 875 
Noncontrolling interests(2,446)(2,504)(1,130)(2,468)(2,119)(1,115)
Total common stockholders’ equity(A)159,968 168,331 166,748 164,592 169,350 167,139 
Adjustments:
Goodwill(25,181)(25,180)(26,290)(25,180)(25,569)(26,383)
Certain identifiable intangible assets (other than MSRs)(210)(225)(322)(218)(246)(330)
Goodwill and other intangibles on investments in consolidated portfolio companies (included in other assets)(2,304)(2,437)(2,300)(2,395)(2,309)(2,217)
Applicable deferred taxes related to goodwill and other intangible assets (1)871 765 866 803 848 863 
Tangible common equity(B)$133,144 141,254 138,702 137,602 142,074 139,072 
Common shares outstanding(C)3,789.9 3,885.8 4,141.1 N/AN/AN/A
Net income applicable to common stock(D)N/AN/AN/A$3,393 5,470 4,256 
Book value per common share(A)/(C)$42.21 43.32 40.27 N/AN/AN/A
Tangible book value per common share(B)/(C)35.13 36.35 33.49 N/AN/AN/A
Return on average common stockholders’ equity (ROE)(D)/(A)N/AN/AN/A8.36 %12.81 10.33 
Return on average tangible common equity (ROTCE)(D)/(B)N/AN/AN/A10.00 15.27 12.41 
   Balance at period end Average balance
   Quarter ended Quarter ended Nine months ended
(in millions, except ratios)  Sep 30,
2017

Jun 30,
2017

Sep 30,
2016

 Sep 30,
2017

 Jun 30,
2017

Sep 30,
2016

 Sep 30,
2017

Sep 30,
2016

Total equity  $206,824
206,145
203,958
 207,934
 205,968
203,883
 205,246
200,502
Adjustments:             
Preferred stock  (25,576)(25,785)(24,594) (25,780) (25,849)(24,813) (25,600)(24,291)
Additional paid-in capital on ESOP preferred stock  (130)(136)(130) (136) (144)(148) (142)(172)
Unearned ESOP shares  1,904
2,119
1,612
 2,114
 2,366
1,850
 2,226
2,150
Noncontrolling interests  (895)(915)(930) (926) (910)(927) (931)(938)
Total common stockholders' equity(A) 182,127
181,428
179,916
 183,206
 181,431
179,845
 180,799
177,251
Adjustments:             
Goodwill  (26,581)(26,573)(26,688) (26,600) (26,664)(26,979) (26,645)(26,696)
Certain identifiable intangible assets (other than MSRs)  (1,913)(2,147)(3,001) (2,056) (2,303)(3,145) (2,314)(3,383)
Other assets (1)  (2,282)(2,268)(2,230) (2,231) (2,160)(2,131) (2,163)(2,097)
Applicable deferred taxes (2)  1,550
1,624
1,832
 1,579
 1,648
1,855
 1,650
1,973
Tangible common equity(B) $152,901
152,064
149,829
 153,898
 151,952
149,445
 151,327
147,048
Common shares outstanding(C) 4,927.9
4,966.8
5,023.9
 N/A
 N/A
N/A
 N/A
N/A
Net income applicable to common stock (3)(D) N/A
N/A
N/A
 $4,185
 5,404
5,243
 14,645
15,501
Book value per common share(A)/(C) $36.96
36.53
35.81
 N/A
 N/A
N/A
 N/A
N/A
Tangible book value per common share(B)/(C) 31.03
30.62
29.82
 N/A
 N/A
N/A
 N/A
N/A
Return on average common stockholders’ equity (ROE) (annualized)(D)/(A) N/A
N/A
N/A
 9.06
%11.95
11.60
 10.83
11.68
Return on average tangible common equity (ROTCE) (annualized)(D)/(B) N/A
N/A
N/A
 10.79
 14.26
13.96
 12.94
14.08
(1)Represents goodwill and other intangibles on nonmarketable equity investments and on held-for-sale assets, which are included in other assets.
(2)Applicable deferred taxes relate to goodwill and other intangible assets. They were determined by applying the combined federal statutory rate and composite state income tax rates to the difference between book and tax basis of the respective goodwill and intangible assets at period end.
(3)Quarter ended net income applicable to common stock is annualized for the respective ROE and ROTCE ratios.
Capital Management (continued)

(1)Determined by applying the combined federal statutory rate and composite state income tax rates to the difference between book and tax basis of the respective goodwill and intangible assets at period end.
SUPPLEMENTARY LEVERAGE RATIO In April 2014, federal banking regulators finalizedREQUIREMENTS As a rule that enhances the SLR requirements for BHCs, like Wells Fargo, and their insured depository institutions. The SLR consists of Tier 1 capital divided by the Company’s total leverage exposure. Total leverage exposure consists of the total average on-balance sheet assets, plus off-balance sheet exposures, such as undrawn commitments and derivative exposures, less amounts permitted to be deducted from Tier 1 capital. The rule, which becomes effective on January 1, 2018, will require a covered BHC, we are required to maintain a SLR of at least 5.0% (comprised of the 3.0% minimum requirement plus a supplementary leverage buffer of 2.0%)ratio (SLR) to avoid restrictions on capital distributions and discretionary bonus payments. The rule will also require that all of our insured depository institutionspayments and maintain a minimum tier 1 leverage ratio. Table 39 presents the leverage requirements applicable to the Company as of March 31, 2022.
Table 39:Leverage Requirements Applicable to the Company
wfc-20220331_g3.jpg
In addition, our IDIs are required to maintain an SLR of 6.0%at least 6.00% to be considered well capitalized under applicable regulatory capital adequacy guidelines. In September 2014, federal banking regulators finalized additional changesrules and maintain a minimum tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.00%.
The FRB and OCC have proposed amendments to the SLR requirements to implement revisionsrules. For information regarding the proposed amendments to the Basel III leverage framework finalized bySLR rules, see the BCBS“Capital Management – Leverage Requirements” section in January 2014. These additional changes, among other things, modifyour 2021 Form 10-K.

50Wells Fargo & Company


At March 31, 2022, the methodology for including off- balance sheet items, including credit derivatives, repo-style transactionsCompany’s SLR was 6.61%, and lines of credit, in the denominator of the SLR, and will become effective on January 1, 2018. At September 30, 2017, our SLR for the Company was 7.9% assuming full phase-in of the Advanced Approach capital framework. Based on our review, our current leverage levels would exceed the applicable requirements for each of our insured depository institutions as well. The fully phased-inIDIs exceeded their applicable SLR is considered a non-GAAP financial measure that is used by management, bank regulatory agencies, investors and analysts to assess and monitor the Company’s leverage exposure. Seerequirements. Table 51 for40 presents information regarding the calculation and components of the SLR.Company’s SLR and tier 1 leverage ratio.

Table 51:Fully Phased-In SLR40:Leverage Ratios for the Company
($ in millions)Quarter ended March 31, 2022
Tier 1 capital(A)$151,340 
Total average assets1,919,572 
Less: Goodwill and other permitted Tier 1 capital deductions (net of deferred tax liabilities)27,957 
Total adjusted average assets1,891,615 
Plus adjustments for off-balance sheet exposures:
Derivatives (1)66,322 
Repo-style transactions (2)3,227 
Other (3)327,950 
Total off-balance sheet exposures397,499 
Total leverage exposure(B)$2,289,114 
Supplementary leverage ratio(A)/(B)6.61 %
Tier 1 leverage ratio (4)8.00 %
(in millions, except ratio)September 30, 2017
Tier 1 capital$176,263
Total average assets1,938,522
Less: deductions from Tier 1 capital29,705
Total adjusted average assets1,908,817
Adjustments: 
Derivative exposures73,681
Repo-style transactions3,055
Other off-balance sheet exposures243,339
Total adjustments320,075
Total leverage exposure$2,228,892
Supplementary leverage ratio7.9%
(1)Adjustment represents derivatives and collateral netting exposures as defined for supplementary leverage ratio determination purposes.
OTHER REGULATORY CAPITAL MATTERS In December 2016,(2)Adjustment represents counterparty credit risk for repo-style transactions where Wells Fargo & Company is the FRB finalized rulesprincipal counterparty facing the client.
(3)Adjustment represents credit equivalent amounts of other off-balance sheet exposures not already included as derivatives and repo-style transactions exposures.
(4)The tier 1 leverage ratio consists of tier 1 capital divided by total average assets, excluding goodwill and certain other items as determined under the rule.
TOTAL LOSS ABSORBING CAPACITYAs a G-SIB, we are required to address thehave a minimum amount of equity and unsecured long-term debt a U.S. G-SIB must hold to improve itsfor purposes of resolvability and resiliency, often referred to as Total Loss Absorbing Capacity (TLAC). Under the rules, which become effective on January 1, 2019, U.S. G-SIBs will beare required to have a minimum amount of TLAC amount (consisting of CET1 capital and additional tier 1 capital issued directly by the top-tier or covered BHC plus eligible external long-term debt) to avoid restrictions on capital distributions and discretionary bonus payments, as well as a minimum amount of eligible unsecured long-term debt.The components used to calculate our minimum TLAC and eligible unsecured long-term debt requirements as of March 31, 2022, are presented in Table 41.
Table 41:Components Used to Calculate TLAC and Eligible Unsecured Long-Term Debt Requirements
TLAC requirement

Greater of:
18.00% of RWAs7.50% of total leverage exposure
(the denominator of the SLR calculation)
++
TLAC buffer (equal to 2.50% of RWAs + method one G-SIB capital surcharge + any countercyclical buffer)External TLAC leverage buffer
(
equal to 2.00% of total leverage exposure)
Minimum amount of eligible unsecured long-term debt

Greater of:
6.00% of RWAs4.50% of total leverage exposure
+
Greater of method one and method two G-SIB capital surcharge
The FRB and OCC have proposed amendments to the greaterTLAC and eligible unsecured long-term debt requirements. For information regarding these proposed amendments, see the “Capital Management – Total Loss Absorbing Capacity” section in our 2021 Form 10-K.
Table 42 provides our TLAC and eligible unsecured long-term debt and related ratios as of (i) 18% of RWAsMarch 31, 2022, and (ii) 7.5% of total leverage exposure (the denominator ofDecember 31, 2021.
Table 42: TLAC and Eligible Unsecured Long-Term Debt
($ in millions)TLAC (1)Regulatory Minimum (2)Eligible Unsecured Long-term DebtRegulatory Minimum
March 31, 2022
Total eligible amount282,311 125,083 
Percentage of RWAs (3)22.31 %21.50 9.88 7.50 
Percentage of total leverage exposure12.33 9.50 5.46 4.50 
(1)TLAC ratios are calculated using the SLR calculation). Additionally, U.S. G-SIBs will beCECL transition provision issued by federal banking regulators.
(2)Represents the minimum required to maintain (i) a TLAC buffer equal to 2.5% of RWAs plus the firm’s applicable G-SIB capital surcharge calculated under method one plus any applicable countercyclical buffer that will be added to the 18% minimum and (ii) an external
TLAC leverage buffer equal to 2.0% of total leverage exposure that will be added to the 7.5% minimum, in order to avoid restrictions on capital distributions and discretionary bonus payments. The rules will also require U.S. G-SIBs to have a
(3)Our minimum amount ofTLAC and eligible unsecured long-term debt equal torequirements are calculated based on the greater of (i) 6.0% of RWAs plusdetermined under the firm’s applicable G-SIB capital surcharge calculated under method twoStandardized and (ii) 4.5% of the total leverage exposure. In addition, the rules will impose certain restrictions on the operations and liabilities of the top-tier or covered BHC in order to further facilitate an orderly resolution, including prohibitions on the issuance of short-term debt to external investors and on entering into derivatives and certain other types of financial contracts with external counterparties. While the rules permit permanent grandfathering of a significant portion of otherwise ineligible long-term debt that was issued prior to December 31, 2016, long-term debt issued after that date must be fully compliant with the eligibility requirements of the rules in order to count toward the minimum TLAC amount. As a result of the rules, we will need to issue additional long-term debt to remain compliant with the requirements.Advanced Approaches.
In addition, as discussed in the “Risk Management – Asset/ Liability Management – Liquidity and Funding – Liquidity Standards” section in this Report, federal banking regulators have issued a final rule
OTHER REGULATORY CAPITAL AND LIQUIDITY MATTERS For information regarding the U.S. implementation of the Basel III LCR and a proposed rule regardingNSFR, see the NSFR.“Risk Management – Asset/ Liability Management – Liquidity Risk and Funding – Liquidity Standards” section in this Report.

Capital Planning and Stress Testing
Our planned long-term capital structure is designed to meet regulatory and market expectations. We believe that our long-term targeted capital structure enables us to invest in and grow our business, satisfy our customers’ financial needs in varying environments, access markets, and maintain flexibility to return capital to our shareholders. Our long-term targeted capital structure also considers capital levels sufficient to exceed capital requirements including the G-SIB capital surcharge. Accordingly, based on the final Basel III capital rules under the lower of the Standardized or Advanced Approaches CET1 capital ratios, we currently target a long-term CET1 capital ratio at or in excessthat is 100 basis points above our regulatory requirement plus an incremental buffer of 10%, which includes a 2% G-SIB surcharge.25 to 50 basis points. Our capital targets are subject to change based on various factors, including changes to the regulatory requirements for our capital framework and expectations for large banks promulgated by bank regulatory agencies,ratios, planned capital actions, changes in our risk profile and other factors.
Under the FRB’sThe FRB capital plan rule largeestablishes capital planning and other requirements that govern capital distributions, including dividends and share repurchases, by certain BHCs, are required to submit capital plans annually for review to determine if the FRB has any objections before making any capital distributions. The rule requires updates to capital plans in the event of material changes in a BHC’s risk profile, including as a result of any significant acquisitions.Wells Fargo. The FRB assesses, among other things, the overall financial condition, risk profile, and capital adequacy of BHCs while considering both quantitative and qualitative factors when evaluating their capital plans.
Our 2017 We submitted our 2022 capital plan which was submitted onto the FRB prior to the April 4, 2017, as part of CCAR, included a comprehensive capital outlook supported by an assessment of expected sources and uses of capital over a given planning horizon under a range of expected and stress scenarios. 5, 2022, deadline.
As part of the 2017 CCAR,annual Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (CCAR), the FRB also generated a supervisory stress test, which assumed a sharp decline in the economy and significant decline in asset pricing using the information provided by the Company to estimate performance.test. The FRB reviewedis expected to review the supervisory stress test results both as required under the Dodd-Frank Act using a common set of capital actions for all large BHCs and by taking into accountis also expected to review the Company’sCompany's proposed capital actions. The FRB publishedhas indicated it will publish its

supervisory stress test results as required under the Dodd-Frank Act on June 22, 2017. On June 28, 2017, the FRB notified us that it did not object to our capital plan included in the 2017 CCAR.by July 1, 2022.
Federal banking regulators also require large BHCs and banks to conduct their own stress tests to evaluate whether anthe institution has sufficient capital to continue to operate during periods of adverse economic and financial conditions. These stress testing requirements set forth the timing and type of stress test activities large BHCs and banks must undertake as well as rules governing stress testing controls, oversight and disclosure requirements. The rules also limit a large BHC’s ability to make capital distributions to the extent its actual capital issuances were less than amounts indicated in its capital plan. As required under the FRB’s stress testing rule, we must submit a mid-cycle stress test based on second quarter data and scenarios developed by the Company. We submitted the results of the mid-cycle stress test to the FRB and disclosed a summary of the results in October 2017.


Wells Fargo & Company51


Capital Management (continued)
Securities Repurchases
From time to time the Board authorizes the Company to repurchase shares of our common stock. Although we announce when the Board authorizes share repurchases, we typically do not give any public notice before we repurchase our shares. Future stock repurchases may be private or open-market repurchases, including block transactions, accelerated or delayed block transactions, forward transactions, and similar transactions. Additionally, we may enter into plans to purchase stock that satisfy the conditions of Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Various factors determine the amount and timing of our share repurchases, including our capital requirements, the number of shares we expect to issue for employee benefit plans and acquisitions, market conditions (including the trading price of our stock), and regulatory and legal considerations, including under the FRB’s responsecapital plan rule. Due to the various factors that may impact the
amount of our share repurchases and the fact that we tend to be in the market regularly to satisfy repurchase considerations under our capital plan, and to changes in our risk profile.share repurchases occur at various price levels. We may suspend share repurchase activity at any time.
In January 2016, the Board authorized the repurchase of 350 million shares of our common stock. At September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, we had remaining Board authority to repurchase approximately 122251 million shares, subject to regulatory and legal conditions. For moreadditional information about share repurchases during thirdfirst quarter 2017,2022, see Part II, Item 2 in this Report.
Historically, our policy has been to repurchase shares under the “safe harbor” conditions of Rule 10b-18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 including a limitation on the daily volume of repurchases. Rule 10b-18 imposes an additional daily volume limitation on share repurchases during a pending merger or acquisition in which shares of our stock will constitute some or all of the consideration. Our management may determine that during a pending stock merger or acquisition when the safe harbor would otherwise be available, it is in our best interest to repurchase shares in excess of this additional daily volume limitation. In such cases, we intend to repurchase shares in compliance with the other conditions of the safe harbor, including the standing daily volume limitation that applies whether or not there is a pending stock merger or acquisition.
In connection with our participation in the Capital Purchase Program (CPP), a part of the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), we issued to the U.S. Treasury Department warrants to purchase 110,261,688 shares of our common stock with an original exercise price of $34.01 per share expiring on October 28, 2018. The terms of the warrants require the exercise price to be adjusted under certain circumstances when the Company’s quarterly common stock dividend exceeds $0.34 per share, which began occurring in second quarter 2014. Accordingly, with each quarterly common stock dividend above $0.34 per share, we must calculate whether an adjustment to the exercise price is required by the terms of the warrants, including whether certain minimum thresholds have been met to trigger an adjustment, and notify the holders of any such change. The Board authorized the repurchase by the Company of up to $1 billion of the warrants. At September 30, 2017, there were 26,560,862 warrants outstanding, exercisable at $33.731 per share, and $452 million of unused warrant repurchase authority. Depending on market conditions, we may purchase from time to time additional warrants in privately negotiated or open market transactions, by tender offer or otherwise.

Regulatory Matters (continued)

Regulatory Matters
Since the enactment of the Dodd-Frank Act in 2010, theThe U.S. financial services industry has beenis subject to a significant increase in regulation and regulatory oversight initiatives. This increased regulation and oversight has substantially changedmay continue to impact how most U.S. financial services companies conduct business and hasmay continue to result in increased their regulatory compliance costs.
For a discussion of certain consent orders applicable to the Company, see the “Overview” section in this Report. The following supplements our discussion of the other significant regulations and regulatory oversight initiatives that have affected or may affect our business contained in the “Regulatory Matters” and “Risk Factors” sections in our 20162021 Form 10-K10-K.

Regulatory Developments in Response to Climate Change Federal and the “Regulatory Matters” section in our 2017 Firststate governments and Second Quarter Reports on Form 10-Q.

REGULATION OF CONSUMER FINANCIAL PRODUCTS The Dodd-Frank Act established the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) to ensure consumers receive clear and accurate disclosures regarding financial products and to protect them from hidden fees and unfair or abusive practices. With respect to residential mortgage lending, the CFPB issued a number of final rules implementing new origination, notification, disclosure and other requirements, as well as additional limitations on the fees and charges that may begovernment agencies have demonstrated increased from the estimates provided by lenders. In October 2015, the CFPB finalized amendmentsattention to the rule implementingimpacts and potential risks associated with climate change. For example, federal banking regulators are reviewing the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, resulting in a significant expansionimplications of the data points lenders will be required to collect beginning January 1, 2018 and report to the CFPB beginning January 1, 2019. The CFPB also expanded the transactions covered by the rule and increased the reporting frequency from annual to quarterly for large volume lenders, such as Wells Fargo, beginning January 1, 2020. With respect to other financial products, in October 2016, the CFPB finalized rules, most of which become effective on April 1, 2018, to make prepaid cards subject to similar consumer protections as those provided by more traditional debit and credit cards such as fraud protection and expanded access to account information. In July 2017, the CFPB finalized a rule, which became effective on September 18, 2017, prohibiting covered providers of certain consumer financial products and services, such as Wells Fargo, from using arbitration agreements that prevent consumers from filing or participating in class action litigation. However, Congress subsequently used its powers under the Congressional Review Act to overturn the CFPB's arbitration rule and prohibited the CFPB from writing a “substantially similar” rule in the future without congressional action.
In addition to these rulemaking activities, the CFPB is continuing its on-going supervisory examination activities of the financial services industry with respect to a number of consumer businesses and products, including mortgage lending and servicing, fair lending requirements, student lending activities, and automobile finance. At this time, the Company cannot predict the full impact of the CFPB’s rulemaking and supervisory authority on our business practices or financial results.

LIVING WILL REQUIREMENTS AND RELATED MATTERS
Rules adopted by the FRB and the FDIC under the Dodd-Frank Act require large financial institutions, including Wells Fargo, to prepare and periodically revise resolution plans, so-called “living-wills”, that would facilitate their resolution in the event of material distress or failure. Under the rules, resolution plans are required to provide strategies for resolution under the Bankruptcy Code and other applicable insolvency regimes that can be accomplished in a reasonable period of time and in a
manner that mitigates the risk that failure would have serious adverse effectsclimate change on the financial stability of the United States. We submitted our 2017 resolution planStates and the identification and management by large banks of climate-related financial risks. In addition, the SEC has proposed rules that would require public companies to the FRBdisclose certain climate-related information, including greenhouse gas emissions, climate-related targets and FDIC on June 30, 2017, but have not yet received regulatory feedback on the plan. If the FRBgoals, and FDIC determine that our 2017 resolution plan has deficiencies, they may impose more stringent capital, leveragegovernance of climate-related risks and relevant risk management processes. The approaches taken by various governments and government agencies can vary significantly, evolve over time, and sometimes conflict. Any current or liquidity requirements on us or restrict our growth, activities or operations until we adequately remedy the deficiencies. If the FRBfuture rules, regulations, and FDIC ultimately determine that we have been unableguidance related to remedy any deficiencies, theyclimate change and its impacts could require us to divestchange certain assets or operations.
We must also prepare and submit to the FRB a recovery plan that identifies a range of options that we may consider during times of idiosyncratic or systemic economic stress to remedy any financial weaknesses and restore market confidence without extraordinary government support. Recovery options include the possible sale, transfer or disposal of assets, securities, loan portfolios or businesses. Our insured national bank subsidiary, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (the “Bank”), must also prepare and submit to the OCC a recovery plan that sets forth the bank’s plan to remain a going concern when the bank is experiencing considerable financial or operational stress, but has not yet deteriorated to the point where liquidation or resolution is imminent. If either the FRB or the OCC determine that our recovery plan is deficient, they may impose fines, restrictions on our business practices, reduce our revenue and earnings, impose additional costs on us, or ultimately require us to divest assets.
If Wells Fargo were to fail, it may be resolved in a bankruptcy proceeding otherwise adversely affect our business operations and/or if certain conditions are met, under the resolution regime created by the Dodd-Frank Act known as the “orderly liquidation authority.” The orderly liquidation authority allows for the appointment of the FDIC as receiver for a systemically important financial institution that is in default or in danger of default if, among other things, the resolution of the institution under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code would have serious adverse effects on financial stability in the United States. If the FDIC is appointed as receiver for Wells Fargo & Company (the “Parent”), then the orderly liquidation authority, rather than the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, would determine the powers of the receiver and the rights and obligations of our security holders. The FDIC’s orderly liquidation authority requires that security holders of a company in receivership bear all losses before U.S. taxpayers are exposed to any losses, and allows the FDIC to disregard the strict priority of creditor claims under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code in certain circumstances.
Whether under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or by the FDIC under the orderly liquidation authority, Wells Fargo could be resolved using a “multiple point of entry” strategy, in which the Parent and one or more of its subsidiaries would each undergo separate resolution proceedings, or a “single point of entry” strategy, in which the Parent would likely be the only material legal entity to enter resolution proceedings. The FDIC has announced that a single point of entry strategy may be a desirable strategy under its implementation of the orderly liquidation authority, but not all aspects of how the FDIC might exercise this authority are known and additional rulemaking is possible.
The strategy described in our most recent resolution plan submission is a multiple point of entry strategy; however, we have made a decision to move to a single point of entry strategy for our next resolution plan submission. We are not obligated to maintain either a single point of entry or multiple point of entry strategy, and the strategies reflected in our resolution plan submissions are not binding in the event of an actual resolution
competitive position.

of Wells Fargo, whether conducted under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code or by the FDIC under the orderly liquidation authority.
To facilitate the orderly resolution of systemically important financial institutions in case of material distress or failure, federal banking regulations require that institutions, such as Wells Fargo, maintain a minimum amount of equity and unsecured debt to absorb losses and recapitalize operating subsidiaries. Federal banking regulators have also required measures to facilitate the continued operation of operating subsidiaries notwithstanding the failure of their parent companies, such as limitations on parent guarantees, and have issued guidance encouraging institutions to take legally binding measures to provide capital and liquidity resources to certain subsidiaries in order to facilitate an orderly resolution. In response to the regulators’ guidance and to facilitate the orderly resolution of the Company using either a single point of entry or multiple point of entry resolution strategy, on June 28, 2017, the Parent entered into a support agreement (the “Support Agreement”) with WFC Holdings, LLC, an intermediate holding company and subsidiary of the Parent (the “IHC”), and the Bank, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC (“WFS”), and Wells Fargo Clearing Services, LLC (“WFCS”), each an indirect subsidiary of the Parent. Pursuant to the Support Agreement, the Parent transferred a significant amount of its assets, including the majority of its cash, deposits, liquid securities and intercompany loans (but excluding its equity interests in its subsidiaries and certain other assets), to the IHC
and will continue to transfer those types of assets to the IHC from time to time. In the event of our material financial distress or failure, the IHC will be obligated to use the transferred assets to provide capital and/or liquidity to the Bank pursuant to the Support Agreement and to WFS and WFCS through repurchase facilities entered into in connection with the Support Agreement. Under the Support Agreement, the IHC will also provide funding and liquidity to the Parent through subordinated notes and a committed line of credit, which, together with the issuance of dividends, is expected to provide the Parent, during business as usual operating conditions, with the same access to cash necessary to service its debts, pay dividends, repurchase its shares, and perform its other obligations as it would have had if it had not entered into these arrangements and transferred any assets. If certain liquidity and/or capital metrics fall below defined triggers, the subordinated notes would be forgiven and the committed line of credit would terminate, which could materially and adversely impact the Parent’s liquidity and its ability to satisfy its debts and other obligations, and could result in the commencement of bankruptcy proceedings by the Parent at an earlier time than might have otherwise occurred if the Support Agreement were not implemented. The Parent's and the IHC's respective obligations under the Support Agreement are secured pursuant to a related security agreement.

52Wells Fargo & Company


Critical Accounting Policies
Our significant accounting policies (see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in our 20162021 Form 10-K) are fundamental to understanding our results of operations and financial condition because they require that we use estimates and assumptions that may affect the value of our assets or liabilities and financial results. Six of these policies are critical because they require management to make difficult, subjective and complex judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain and because it is likely that materially different amounts would be reported under different conditions or using different assumptions. These policies govern:
the allowance for credit losses;
PCI loans;
the valuation of residential MSRs;
the fair value of financial instruments;
income taxes; and
liability for contingent litigation losses.losses; and

goodwill impairment.
Starting second quarter 2017, the liability for contingent litigation losses
Management has been designated as one of ourdiscussed these critical accounting policies. The remaining five ofpolicies and the related estimates and judgments with the Board’s Audit Committee. For additional information on these policies, are described further insee the “Financial Review – Critical“Critical Accounting Policies” section and Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in our 20162021 Form 10-K.

Liability for Contingent Litigation Losses
The Company is involved in a number10-K and Note 1 (Summary of judicial, regulatory, arbitration and other proceedings concerning matters arising from the conduct of its business activities, and many of those proceedings expose the Company to potential financial loss. We establish accruals for these legal actions when potential losses associated with the actions become probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. For such accruals, we record the amount we consider to be the best estimate within a range of potential losses that are both probable and estimable; however, if we
cannot determine a best estimate, then we record the low end of the range of those potential losses. The actual costs of resolving legal actions may be substantially higher or lower than the amounts accrued for those actions.
We apply judgment when establishing an accrual for potential losses associated with legal actions and in establishing the range of reasonably possible losses in excess of the accrual. Our judgment in establishing accruals and the range of reasonably possible losses in excess of the Company's accrual for probable and estimable losses is influenced by our understanding of information currently available related to the legal evaluation and potential outcome of actions, including input and advice on these matters from our internal counsel, external counsel and senior management. These matters may be in various stages of investigation, discovery or proceedings. They may also involve a wide variety of claims across our businesses, legal entities and jurisdictions. The eventual outcome may be a scenario that was not considered or was considered remote in anticipated occurrence. Accordingly, our estimate of potential losses will change over time and the actual losses may vary significantly.
The outcomes of legal actions are unpredictable and subject to significant uncertainties, and it is inherently difficult to determine whether any loss is probable or even possible. It is also inherently difficult to estimate the amount of any loss and there may be matters for which a loss is probable or reasonably possible but not currently estimable. Accordingly, actual losses may be in excess of the established accrual or the range of reasonably possible loss.
See Note 11 (Legal Actions)Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in this Report for further information.
Management and the Board's Audit and Examination Committee have reviewed and approved these critical accounting policies.
Current Accounting Developments (continued).

Wells Fargo & Company53


Current Accounting Developments
Table 5243 provides the significant accounting pronouncementsupdates applicable to us that have been issued by the FASBFinancial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) but are not yet effective.

Table 52:43:Current Accounting Developments – Issued Standards
StandardDescription and Effective DateDescriptionEffective date and financialFinancial statement impact
ASU 2018-12 – Financial Services – Insurance (Topic 944):
Targeted Improvements to the Accounting Standardsfor Long-Duration Contracts and subsequent related updates
The Update, (ASU or Update) 2017-12 -effective January 1, 2023, requires market risk benefits (features of insurance contracts that protect the policyholder from other-than-nominal capital market risk and expose the insurer to that risk) to be measured at fair value through earnings with changes in fair value attributable to our own credit risk recognized in other comprehensive income. The Update also requires more frequent updates for insurance assumptions, mandates the use of a standardized discount rate for traditional long-duration contracts, and simplifies the amortization of deferred acquisition costs.The most significant impact of adoption relates to reinsurance of variable annuity products for a limited number of our insurance clients. Our reinsurance business is no longer entering into new contracts. These variable annuity products contain guaranteed minimum benefits that require us to make benefit payments for the remainder of the policyholder's life once the account values are exhausted. These guaranteed minimum benefits meet the definition of market risk benefits and will be measured at fair value. The cumulative effect of the difference between fair value and the carrying value upon adoption of the Update, net of income tax adjustments and excluding the impact of our own credit risk, will be recognized in the opening balance of retained earnings in the earliest period presented and will affect our regulatory capital calculations. At March 31, 2022, our estimated liability related to these guaranteed minimum benefits was approximately $500 million and was associated with approximately $12.0 billion of policyholder account values. We expect future earnings volatility from changes in the fair value of market risk benefits, which are sensitive to changes in equity and fixed income markets, as well as policyholder behavior and changes in mortality assumptions. We plan to economically hedge the market volatility, where feasible. Changes in the accounting for the liability of future policy benefits for traditional long-duration contracts and deferred acquisition costs are not expected to be material.
ASU 2022-01, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting forFair Value Hedging Activities– Portfolio Layer Method
The Update, makes targeted changes to the hedge accounting model intended to facilitate financial reporting that more closely reflects an entity’s risk management activities and to simplify application of hedge accounting. Changes include expanding the types of risk management strategies eligible for hedge accounting, easing the documentation and effectiveness assessment requirements, changing how ineffectiveness is measured and changing the presentation and disclosure requirements for hedge accounting activities.We adopted the Update in fourth quarter 2017. Our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2017, will include a cumulative-effect adjustment to opening retained earnings and adjustments to our 2017 earnings to reflect application of the new guidance effective January 1, 2017. The new guidance significantly reduces but does not eliminate interest-rate and foreign-currency related2023 (with early adoption permitted), establishes the portfolio layer method, which expands an entity’s ability to achieve fair value hedge ineffectiveness. However, we may continue to experience hedge ineffectiveness volatility related to certainaccounting for interest rate risk hedges of foreign-currency denominated debt liabilities. The adjustment asclosed portfolios of January 1, 2017, reduced retained earnings by approximately $381 million and increased other comprehensive income by approximately $168 million. Through September 30, 2017, year-to-date net income will increase approximately $169 million ($242 million pre-tax) and other comprehensive income will decrease by $163 million upon application of the new guidance.
ASU 2017-08 – Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities
financial assets. The Update changesalso provides guidance on the accounting for certain purchased callablehedged item basis adjustments under the portfolio layer method.
The Update improves our ability to use derivatives to hedge interest rate risk exposures associated with portfolios of financial assets, such as fixed-rate available-for-sale debt securities held atand loans. The Update allows us to hedge a premiumlarger proportion of these portfolios by expanding the number and type of derivatives permitted as eligible hedges, as well as by increasing the scope of eligible hedged items to shorteninclude both prepayable and nonprepayable assets.

Upon adoption, any election to designate portfolio layer method hedges is applied prospectively. Additionally, the amortization period for the premium to the earliest call date rather than to the maturity date. Accounting for purchased callable debt securities held atUpdate permits a discount does not change. The discount would continue to amortize to the maturity date.
We expect to adopt the guidance in first quarter 2019 using the modified retrospective method with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the year of adoption. Our investment securities portfolio includes holdings of available-for-sale (AFS) and held-to-maturity (HTM) callable debt securities held at a premium. At adoption, the guidance is expected to result in a cumulative effect adjustment which will be primarily offset with a corresponding adjustment to other comprehensive income related to AFS securities. After adoption, the guidance will reduce interest income prior to the call date because the premium will be amortized over a shorter time period. Our implementation effort includes identifying the populationone-time reclassification of debt securities subjectfrom held-to-maturity to available-for-sale classification as long as the new guidance, whichsecurities are primarily obligations of U.S. states and political subdivisions, and quantifying the expected impacts. The impact of the Update on our consolidated financial statements will be affected by ourdesignated in a portfolio composition at the time of adoption, which may change between Septemberlayer method hedge no later than 30 2017 anddays after the adoption date.

StandardDescriptionEffective date and financial statement impact
ASU 2016-13 – Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments
The Update changes the accounting for credit losses on loans and debt securities. For loans and held-to-maturity debt securities, the Update requires a current expected credit loss (CECL) approach to determine the allowance for credit losses. CECL requires loss estimates for the remaining estimated life of the financial asset using historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Also, the Update eliminates the existing guidance for PCI loans, but requires an allowance for purchased financial assets with more than insignificant deterioration since origination. In addition, the Update modifies the other-than-temporary impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities to require an allowance for credit impairment instead of a direct write-down, which allows for reversal of credit impairments in future periods based on improvements in credit.The guidance is effective in first quarter 2020 with a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the year of adoption. While early adoption is permitted beginning in first quarter 2019, we do not expect to elect that option. We are currently evaluating the impact of the Update on our consolidated financial statements. We expect
ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures
The Update, effective January 1, 2023 (with early adoption permitted), eliminates the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings (TDRs) by creditors and introduces new required disclosures for loan modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. The Update also amends the guidance for vintage disclosures to require disclosure of current period gross charge-offs by year of origination.
The Update will result in an increase inimpact the measurement of the allowance for credit losses given the change(ACL) and require new disclosures related to estimated losses over the contractual life adjusted for expected prepayments with an anticipated material impact from longer duration portfolios, as well as the addition of an allowance for debt securities. The amount of the increase will be impacted by the portfolio compositionloan modifications and credit quality, atspecifically the Update:
Eliminates the requirement to use a discounted cash flow (DCF) approach to measure the ACL for certain TDRs and instead allows for the use of an expected loss approach for all loans. Upon adoption, date as well as economic conditions and forecasts at that time.
ASU 2016-02 – Leases (Topic 842)The Update requires lessees to recognize leases on the balance sheet with lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets based on the present value of lease payments. Lessor accounting activities are largely unchanged from existing lease accounting. The Update also eliminates leveraged lease accounting but allows existing leveraged leases to continue their current accounting until maturity, termination or modification.Wewe expect to adopt the guidance in first quarter 2019discontinue using the modified retrospective methoda DCF approach for consumer loans and practical expedientsretain a DCF approach for transition. The practical expedients allow us to largely account for our existing leases consistent with current guidance except for the incremental balance sheet recognition for lessees. We have started our implementation of the Update which has included an initial evaluation of our leasing contracts and activities. As a lessee we are developing our methodology to estimate the right-of use assets and lease liabilities, which is based on the present value of lease payments (the December 31, 2016 future minimum lease payments were $6.9 billion). We do not expect a material changecertain nonperforming commercial loans. Any changes to the timing of expense recognition. Given the limited changes to lessor accounting, we do not expect material changes to recognition or measurement, but we are early in the implementation process and will continue to evaluate the impact. We are evaluating our existing disclosures and may need to provide additional informationACL as a result of adoption of the Update.
Current Accounting Developments (continued)

StandardDescriptionEffective date and financial statement impact
ASU 2016-01 – Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities
The Update amends the presentation and accounting for certain financial instruments, including liabilities measured at fair value under the fair value option and equity investments. The guidance also updates fair value presentation and disclosure requirements for financial instruments measured at amortized cost.
Wechange in TDR measurement will adopt the guidance in first quarter 2018 with a cumulative-effectbe included as an adjustment to opening retained earnings as of the beginning of the yearearliest period presented.
Requires new disclosures for modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty in the form of adoption, except for changes relatedprincipal forgiveness, interest rate reduction, other than insignificant payment delay, term extension, or a combination of these modifications.
Requires us to nonmarketable equity investments, which are applied prospectively.
Our investmentsprovide current period gross charge-offs by origination date (vintage) in marketable equity securities classified as available-for-saleour credit quality disclosures on a prospective basis beginning as of the adoption date will be accounted for at fair value with unrealized gains or losses reflected in earnings. As of September 30, 2017, the carrying value of these securities was $893 million, which included a $287 million net unrealized pre-tax gain reflected in other comprehensive income. Upon adoption, the amount of net unrealized gain or loss related to our available-for-sale equity securities portfolio as of December 31, 2017 will be reclassified from other comprehensive income to retained earnings.date.
    Our investments in nonmarketable equity instruments accounted for under the cost method of accounting, except for Federal bank stock, will be measured either at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reflected in earnings or the measurement alternative. The measurement alternative is similar to the cost method of accounting, except the carrying value is adjusted, through earnings, for subsequent observable transactions in the same or similar investment. We expect to account for substantially all of our private equity cost method investments using the measurement alternative and our auction rate securities portfolio at fair value with unrealized gains and losses reflected in earnings. Upon adoption, we do not expect a significant transition adjustment for the accounting change related to our nonmarketable cost method equity investments.
    Additionally, for purposes of disclosing the fair value of loans carried at amortized cost, we are evaluating our valuation methods to determine the necessary changes to present fair value disclosures based on “exit price” as required by the Update. Accordingly, the fair value amounts disclosed for such loans may change upon adoption.

StandardDescriptionEffective date and financial statement impact
ASU 2014-09 – Revenue from Contracts With Customers (Topic 606) and subsequent related UpdatesThe Update modifies the guidance used to recognize revenue from contracts with customers for transfers of goods or services and transfers of nonfinancial assets, unless those contracts are within the scope of other guidance. The Update also requires new qualitative and quantitative disclosures, including disaggregation of revenues and descriptions of performance obligations.We will adopt the guidance in first quarter 2018 using the modified retrospective method with a cumulative-effect adjustment to opening retained earnings. Our revenue is the sum of net interest income and noninterest income. The scope of the guidance explicitly excludes net interest income as well as many other revenues for financial assets and liabilities including loans, leases, securities, and derivatives. Accordingly, the majority of our revenues will not be affected. We have performed an assessment of our revenue contracts as well as worked with industry participants on matters of interpretation and application. Our accounting policies will not change materially since the principles of revenue recognition from the Update are largely consistent with existing guidance and current practices applied by our businesses. We have not identified material changes to the timing or amount of revenue recognition. Based on changes to guidance applied by broker-dealers, we expect a minor change to the presentation of our broker-dealer’s costs for underwriting activities which will be presented in expenses rather than the current presentation against the related revenues. We will provide qualitative disclosures of our performance obligations related to our revenue recognition and we continue to evaluate disaggregation for significant categories of revenue in the scope of the guidance. 
In addition to the list above, theOther Accounting Developments
The following updatesUpdates are applicable to us but subject to completion of our assessment, are not expected to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements:
ASU 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): (Part I) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception
ASU 2017-09 – Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic718): Scope of Modification Accounting
ASU 2017-04 – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment
ASU 2017-03 – Accounting Changes and Error Corrections (Topic 250) and Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs
Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the September 22, 2016 and November 17, 2016 EITF Meetings (SEC Update)
ASU 2017-012021-08 – Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of aAccounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers
ASU 2021-10 – Government Assistance (Topic 832): Disclosures by Business Entities About Government Assistance
ASU 2016-18 – Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash
ASU 2016-16 – Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory
ASU 2016-15 – Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments
ASU 2016-04 – Liabilities – Extinguishment of Liabilities (Subtopic 405-20): Recognition of Breakage for Certain Prepaid Stored-Value Products

We have determined that other existing accounting updates are either not applicable to us or have completed our assessment and determined will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.


Forward-Looking Statements (continued)

54Wells Fargo & Company


Forward-Looking Statements
This document contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.forward-looking statements. In addition, we may make forward-looking statements in our other documents filed or furnished with the SEC,Securities and Exchange Commission, and our management may make forward-looking statements orally to analysts, investors, representatives of the media and others. Forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “seeks,” “believes,” “estimates,” “expects,” “target,” “projects,” “outlook,” “forecast,” “will,” “may,” “could,” “should,” “can” and similar references to future periods. In particular, forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements we make about: (i) the future operating or financial performance of the Company, including our outlook for future growth; (ii) our noninterest expense and efficiency ratio; (iii) future credit quality and performance, including our expectations regarding future loan losses, and allowance levels; (iv) the appropriateness of theour allowance for credit losses; (v)losses, and the economic scenarios considered to develop the allowance; (iv) our expectations regarding net interest income and net interest margin; (vi)(v) loan growth or the reduction or mitigation of risk in our loan portfolios; (vii)(vi) future capital or liquidity levels, ratios or targets and our estimated Common Equity Tier 1 ratio under Basel III capital standards; (viii)targets; (vii) the performance of our mortgage business and any related exposures; (ix)(viii) the expected outcome and impact of legal, regulatory and legislative developments, as well as our expectations regarding compliance therewith; (x)(ix) future common stock dividends, common share repurchases and other uses of capital; (xi)(x) our targeted range for return on assets, return on equity, and return on tangible common equity; (xi) expectations regarding our effective income tax rate; (xii) the outcome of contingencies, such as legal proceedings; (xiii) environmental, social and (xiii)governance related goals or commitments; and (xiv) the Company’s plans, objectives and strategies.
Forward-looking statements are not based on historical facts but instead represent our current expectations and assumptions regarding our business, the economy and other future conditions. Because forward-looking statements relate to the future, they are subject to inherent uncertainties, risks and changes in circumstances that are difficult to predict. Our actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements. We caution you, therefore, against relying on any of these forward-looking statements. They are neither statements of historical fact nor guarantees or assurances of future performance. While there is no assurance that any list of risks and uncertainties or risk factors is complete, important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements include the following, without limitation:
current and future economic and market conditions, including the effects of declines in housing prices, high unemployment rates, U.S. fiscal debt, budget and tax matters, geopolitical matters (including the conflict in Ukraine), and the overallany slowdown in global economic growth;
the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, including on our credit quality and business operations, as well as its impact on general economic and financial market conditions;
our capital and liquidity requirements (including under regulatory capital standards, such as the Basel III capital standards) and our ability to generate capital internally or raise capital on favorable terms;
financial services reform and other current, pending or future legislation or regulation that could have a negative effect on our revenue and businesses,
including the Dodd-Frank Actrules and other legislation and regulationregulations relating to bank products and financial services;
developments in our mortgage banking business, including the extent of the success of our success in ourmortgage loan modification efforts, as well as the effects of regulatory requirements or guidance regarding loan modifications;
the amount of mortgage loan repurchase demands that we receive, and our ability to satisfy any such demands without having to repurchase loans related thereto or otherwise indemnify or reimburse third parties, and the credit quality of or losses on such repurchased mortgage loans;
negative effects relating to our mortgage servicing, andloan modification or foreclosure practices, as well as changes in industry standards or practices,and the effects of regulatory or judicial requirements penalties or fines, increased servicingguidance impacting our mortgage banking business and other costs or obligations, including loan modification requirements, or delays or moratoriums on foreclosures;any changes in industry standards;
our ability to realize ourany efficiency ratio or expense target as part of our expense management initiatives, including as a result of business and economic cyclicality, seasonality, changes in our business composition and operating environment, growth in our businesses and/or acquisitions, and unexpected expenses relating to, among other things, litigation and regulatory matters;
losses related to recent hurricanes, which primarily affected Texas, Florida and Puerto Rico, and related to recent California wildfires, in each case including from damage or loss to our collateral for loans in our consumer and commercial loan portfolios and from the impact on the ability of our borrowers to repay their loans;
the effect of the current low interest rate environment or changes in interest rates or in the level or composition of our assets or liabilities on our net interest income, net interest margin and our mortgage originations, mortgage servicing rights and mortgagesmortgage loans held for sale;
significant turbulence or a disruption in the capital or financial markets, which could result in, among other things, reduced investor demand for mortgage loans, a reduction in the availability of funding or increased funding costs, and declines in asset values and/or recognition of other-than-temporary impairment onimpairments of securities held in our investmentdebt securities portfolio;and equity securities portfolios;
the effect of a fall in stock market prices on our investment banking business and our fee income from our brokerage asset and wealth management businesses;
negative effects from the retail banking sales practices matter and from other instances where customers may have experienced financial harm, including on our legal, operational and compliance costs, our ability to engage in certain business activities or offer certain products or services, our ability to keep and attract customers, our ability to attract and retain qualified team members,employees, and our reputation;
reputational damage from negative publicity, protests,resolution of regulatory matters, litigation, or other legal actions, which may result in, among other things, additional costs, fines, penalties, andrestrictions on our business activities, reputational harm, or other negative consequences from regulatory violations and legal actions;adverse consequences;
a failure in or breach of our operational or security systems or infrastructure, or those of our third partythird-party vendors or other service providers, including as a result of cyber attacks;
the effect of changes in the level of checking or savings account deposits on our funding costs and net interest margin;
fiscal and monetary policies of the Federal Reserve Board;
changes to U.S. tax guidance and regulations, as well as the effect of discrete items on our effective income tax rate;
our ability to develop and execute effective business plans and strategies; and
the other risk factors and uncertainties described under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.
2021.

In addition to the above factors, we also caution that the amount and timing of any future common stock dividends or repurchases will depend on the earnings, cash requirements and

Wells Fargo & Company55


Forward-Looking Statements (continued)
financial condition of the Company, market conditions, capital requirements (including under Basel capital standards), common stock issuance requirements, applicable law and regulations (including federal securities laws and federal banking regulations), and other factors deemed relevant by the Company’s Board of Directors, and may be subject to regulatory approval or conditions.
For moreadditional information about factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations, refer to our reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the discussion under “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016,2021, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and available on its website at www.sec.gov.1
Any forward-looking statement made by us speaks only as of the date on which it is made. Factors or events that could cause our actual results to differ may emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all of them. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as may be required by law.









































1 We do not control this website. Wells Fargo has provided this link for your convenience, but does not endorse and is not responsible for the content, links, privacy policy, or security policy of this website.

Forward-looking Non-GAAP Financial Measures. From time to time management may discuss forward-looking non-GAAP financial measures, such as forward-looking estimates or targets for return on average tangible common equity. We are unable to provide a reconciliation of forward-looking non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures because we are unable to provide, without unreasonable effort, a meaningful or accurate calculation or estimation of amounts that would be necessary for the reconciliation due to the complexity and inherent difficulty in forecasting and quantifying future amounts or when they may occur. Such unavailable information could be significant to future results.
56Wells Fargo & Company


Risk Factors
An investment in the Company involves risk, including the possibility that the value of the investment could fall substantially and that dividends or other distributions on the investment could be reduced or eliminated. For a discussion of risk factors that could adversely affect our financial results and condition, and the value of, and return on, an investment in the Company, we refer you to the “Risk Factors” section in our 20162021 Form 10-K.


Controls and Procedures
Wells Fargo & Company57


Controls and Procedures
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company’s management evaluated the effectiveness, as of September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. The Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer participated in the evaluation. Based on this evaluation, the Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2017.March 31, 2022.

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the Company’s Board, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and includes those policies and procedures that:
pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of assets of the Company;
provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and
provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. No change occurred during thirdfirst quarter 20172022 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Wells Fargo & Company and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statement of Income (Unaudited)
 Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions, except per share amounts)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Interest income       
Trading assets$754
 593
 2,107
 1,761
Investment securities2,662
 2,298
 8,035
 6,736
Mortgages held for sale219
 207
 598
 549
Loans held for sale5
 2
 10
 7
Loans10,522
 9,978
 31,021
 29,377
Other interest income896
 409
 2,228
 1,175
Total interest income15,058
 13,487
 43,999
 39,605
Interest expense       
Deposits870
 356
 2,090
 995
Short-term borrowings226
 85
 503
 229
Long-term debt1,377
 1,006
 3,838
 2,769
Other interest expense109
 88
 309
 260
Total interest expense2,582
 1,535
 6,740
 4,253
Net interest income12,476
 11,952
 37,259

35,352
Provision for credit losses717
 805
 1,877
 2,965
Net interest income after provision for credit losses11,759
 11,147
 35,382
 32,387
Noninterest income       
Service charges on deposit accounts1,276
 1,370
 3,865
 4,015
Trust and investment fees3,609
 3,613
 10,808
 10,545
Card fees1,000
 997
 2,964
 2,935
Other fees877
 926
 2,644
 2,765
Mortgage banking1,046
 1,667
 3,422
 4,679
Insurance269
 293
 826
 1,006
Net gains from trading activities245
 415
 921
 943
Net gains on debt securities (1)166
 106
 322
 797
Net gains from equity investments (2)238
 140
 829
 573
Lease income475
 534
 1,449
 1,404
Other249
 315
 788
 1,671
Total noninterest income9,450
 10,376
 28,838
 31,333
Noninterest expense       
Salaries4,356
 4,224
 12,960
 12,359
Commission and incentive compensation2,553
 2,520
 7,777
 7,769
Employee benefits1,279
 1,223
 4,273
 3,993
Equipment523
 491
 1,629
 1,512
Net occupancy716
 718
 2,134
 2,145
Core deposit and other intangibles288
 299
 864
 891
FDIC and other deposit assessments314
 310
 975
 815
Other4,322
 3,483
 11,072
 9,678
Total noninterest expense14,351
 13,268
 41,684
 39,162
Income before income tax expense6,858
 8,255
 22,536

24,558
Income tax expense2,204
 2,601
 6,486
 7,817
Net income before noncontrolling interests4,654
 5,654
 16,050

16,741
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests58
 10
 187
 77
Wells Fargo net income$4,596
 5,644
 15,863

16,664
Less: Preferred stock dividends and other411
 401
 1,218
 1,163
Wells Fargo net income applicable to common stock$4,185
 5,243
 14,645
 15,501
Per share information       
Earnings per common share$0.85
 1.04
 2.94
 3.06
Diluted earnings per common share0.84
 1.03
 2.91
 3.03
Dividends declared per common share0.390
 0.380
 1.150
 1.135
Average common shares outstanding4,948.6
 5,043.4
 4,982.1
 5,061.9
Diluted average common shares outstanding4,996.8
 5,094.6
 5,035.4
 5,118.2
(1)58
Total other-than-temporary impairment (OTTI) losses were $5 million and $36 million for third quarter 2017 and 2016, respectively. Of total OTTI, losses of $7 million and $51 million were recognized in earnings, and reversal of losses of $(2) million and $(15) million were recognized as non-credit-related OTTI in other comprehensive income for third quarter 2017 and 2016, respectively. Total OTTI losses were $54 million and $123 million for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively. Of total OTTI, losses of $107 million and $142 million were recognized in earnings, and reversal of losses of $(53) million and $(19) million were recognized as non-credit-related OTTI in other comprehensive income for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Wells Fargo & Company
(2)
Includes OTTI losses of $84 million and $85 million for third quarter 2017 and 2016, respectively, and $186 million and $322 million for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively.



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

Financial Statements
Wells Fargo & Company and Subsidiaries        
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)    
  Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions) 2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Wells Fargo net income $4,596
 5,644
 15,863
 16,664
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:        
Investment securities:        
Net unrealized gains arising during the period 891
 112
 2,825
 2,478
Reclassification of net gains to net income (200) (193) (522) (1,001)
Derivatives and hedging activities:        
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period 36
 (445) 279
 2,611
Reclassification of net gains on cash flow hedges to net income (105) (262) (460) (783)
Defined benefit plans adjustments:        
Net actuarial and prior service gains (losses) arising during the period 11
 (447) 4
 (474)
Amortization of net actuarial loss, settlements and other to net income 41
 39
 120
 115
Foreign currency translation adjustments:        
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period 40
 (10) 87
 27
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax 714
 (1,206) 2,333
 2,973
Income tax benefit (expense) related to other comprehensive income (265) 461
 (852) (1,110)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 449
 (745) 1,481
 1,863
Less: Other comprehensive income (loss) from noncontrolling interests (34) 19
 (29) (24)
Wells Fargo other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 483
 (764) 1,510
 1,887
Wells Fargo comprehensive income 5,079
 4,880
 17,373
 18,551
Comprehensive income from noncontrolling interests 24
 29
 158
 53
Total comprehensive income $5,103
 4,909
 17,531
 18,604

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.

Wells Fargo & Company and Subsidiaries   
Consolidated Balance Sheet   
(in millions, except shares)Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

Assets(Unaudited)
  
Cash and due from banks$19,206
 20,729
Federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments273,105
 266,038
Trading assets88,404
 74,397
Investment securities:   
Available-for-sale, at fair value 272,210
 308,364
Held-to-maturity, at cost (fair value $142,818 and $99,155)142,423
 99,583
Mortgages held for sale (includes $16,484 and $22,042 carried at fair value) (1) 20,009
 26,309
Loans held for sale157
 80
Loans (includes $410 and $758 carried at fair value) (1)951,873
 967,604
Allowance for loan losses (11,078) (11,419)
Net loans940,795
 956,185
Mortgage servicing rights:    
Measured at fair value 13,338
 12,959
Amortized 1,406
 1,406
Premises and equipment, net 8,449
 8,333
Goodwill 26,581
 26,693
Derivative assets12,580
 14,498
Other assets (includes $4,523 and $3,275 carried at fair value) (1) 116,276
 114,541
Total assets (2) $1,934,939
 1,930,115
Liabilities    
Noninterest-bearing deposits $366,528
 375,967
Interest-bearing deposits 940,178
 930,112
Total deposits 1,306,706
 1,306,079
Short-term borrowings 93,811
 96,781
Derivative liabilities9,497
 14,492
Accrued expenses and other liabilities79,208
 57,189
Long-term debt 238,893
 255,077
Total liabilities (3) 1,728,115
 1,729,618
Equity    
Wells Fargo stockholders' equity:    
Preferred stock 25,576
 24,551
Common stock – $1-2/3 par value, authorized 9,000,000,000 shares; issued 5,481,811,474 shares 9,136
 9,136
Additional paid-in capital 60,759
 60,234
Retained earnings 141,761
 133,075
 Cumulative other comprehensive income (loss)(1,627) (3,137)
Treasury stock – 553,940,326 shares and 465,702,148 shares (27,772) (22,713)
Unearned ESOP shares (1,904) (1,565)
Total Wells Fargo stockholders' equity 205,929
 199,581
Noncontrolling interests 895
 916
Total equity 206,824
 200,497
Total liabilities and equity$1,934,939
 1,930,115
(1)Parenthetical amounts represent assets and liabilities for which we have elected the fair value option.
(2)
Our consolidated assets at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, include the following assets of certain variable interest entities (VIEs) that can only be used to settle the liabilities of those VIEs: Cash and due from banks, $115 million and $168 million; Federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments, $402 million and $74 million; Trading assets, $130 million at both period ends; Investment securities, $0 million at both period ends; Net loans, $11.9 billion and $12.6 billion; Derivative assets, $0 million and $1 million; Other assets, $352 million and $452 million; and Total assets, $12.9 billion and $13.4 billion, respectively.
(3)
Our consolidated liabilities at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, include the following VIE liabilities for which the VIE creditors do not have recourse to Wells Fargo: Derivative liabilities, $26 million and $33 million; Accrued expenses and other liabilities, $141 million and $107 million; Long-term debt, $2.1 billion and $3.7 billion; and Total liabilities, $2.3 billion and $3.8 billion, respectively.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.


Wells Fargo & Company and Subsidiaries       
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)    
      
 Preferred stock  Common stock 
(in millions, except shares)Shares
 Amount
 Shares
 Amount
Balance December 31, 201511,259,917
 $22,214
 5,092,128,810
 $9,136
Cumulative effect from change in consolidation accounting (1)       
Balance January 1, 201611,259,917
 $22,214
 5,092,128,810
 $9,136
Net income       
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax       
Noncontrolling interests       
Common stock issued    47,151,609
  
Common stock repurchased    (134,787,773)  
Preferred stock issued to ESOP1,150,000
 1,150
    
Preferred stock released by ESOP       
Preferred stock converted to common shares(920,314) (920) 19,396,555
  
Common stock warrants repurchased/exercised       
Preferred stock issued86,000
 2,150
    
Common stock dividends       
Preferred stock dividends       
Tax benefit from stock incentive compensation       
Stock incentive compensation expense       
Net change in deferred compensation and related plans       
Net change315,686

2,380

(68,239,609)

Balance September 30, 201611,575,603

$24,594

5,023,889,201

$9,136
Balance January 1, 201711,532,712
 $24,551
 5,016,109,326
 $9,136
Net income       
Other comprehensive income, net of tax       
Noncontrolling interests       
Common stock issued    45,738,310
  
Common stock repurchased    (145,143,692)  
Preferred stock issued to ESOP950,000
 950
    
Preferred stock released by ESOP       
Preferred stock converted to common shares(614,529) (615) 11,167,204
  
Common stock warrants repurchased/exercised       
Preferred stock issued27,600
 690
    
Common stock dividends       
Preferred stock dividends       
Tax benefit from stock incentive compensation (2)       
Stock incentive compensation expense       
Net change in deferred compensation and related plans       
Net change363,071

1,025

(88,238,178)

Balance September 30, 201711,895,783

$25,576

4,927,871,148

$9,136
(1)
Effective January 1, 2016, we adopted changes in consolidation accounting pursuant to ASU 2015-02 (Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis). Accordingly, we recorded a $121 million increase to beginning noncontrolling interests as a cumulative-effect adjustment.
(2)
Effective January 1, 2017, we adopted Accounting Standards Update 2016-09 (Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting). Accordingly, tax benefit from stock incentive compensation is reported in income tax expense in the consolidated statement of income.

Wells Fargo & Company and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statement of Income (Unaudited)
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions, except per share amounts)20222021
Interest income
Debt securities$2,563 2,312 
Loans held for sale140 331 
Loans7,218 7,201 
Equity securities170 137 
Other interest income90 65 
Total interest income10,181 10,046 
Interest expense
Deposits83 112 
Short-term borrowings(14)(9)
Long-term debt761 1,026 
Other interest expense130 109 
Total interest expense960 1,238 
Net interest income9,221 8,808 
Noninterest income
Deposit and lending-related fees1,815 1,616 
Investment advisory and other asset-based fees2,498 2,756 
Commissions and brokerage services fees537 636 
Investment banking fees447 568 
Card fees1,029 949 
Mortgage banking693 1,326 
Net gains from trading and securities796 891 
Other556 982 
Total noninterest income8,371 9,724 
Total revenue17,592 18,532 
Provision for credit losses(787)(1,048)
Noninterest expense
Personnel9,271 9,558 
Technology, telecommunications and equipment876 844 
Occupancy722 770 
Operating losses673 213 
Professional and outside services1,286 1,388 
Advertising and promotion99 90 
Restructuring charges5 13 
Other938 1,113 
Total noninterest expense13,870 13,989 
Income before income tax expense4,509 5,591 
Income tax expense707 901 
Net income before noncontrolling interests3,802 4,690 
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests131 54 
Wells Fargo net income$3,671 4,636 
Less: Preferred stock dividends and other278 380 
Wells Fargo net income applicable to common stock$3,393 4,256 
Per share information
Earnings per common share$0.89 1.03 
Diluted earnings per common share0.88 1.02 
Average common shares outstanding3,831.1 4,141.3 
Diluted average common shares outstanding3,868.9 4,171.0 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.



               
               
      Wells Fargo stockholders' equity     
Additional
paid-in
capital

 
Retained
earnings

 
Cumulative
other
comprehensive
income

 
Treasury
stock

 
Unearned
ESOP
shares

 
Total
Wells Fargo
stockholders'
equity

 
Noncontrolling
interests

 
Total
equity

60,714
 120,866
 297
 (18,867) (1,362) 192,998
 893
 193,891
            121
 121
60,714
 120,866
 297
 (18,867) (1,362) 192,998
 1,014
 194,012
  16,664
       16,664
 77
 16,741
    1,887
     1,887
 (24) 1,863
1
         1
 (137) (136)
(194) (286)   2,256
   1,776
   1,776
500
     (6,582)   (6,082)   (6,082)
99
       (1,249) 
   
(79)       999
 920
   920
(16)     936
   
   
(17)         (17)   (17)
(49)         2,101
   2,101
39
 (5,791)       (5,752)   (5,752)
  (1,165)       (1,165)   (1,165)
203
         203
   203
547
         547
   547
(1,063)     10
   (1,053)   (1,053)
(29)
9,422

1,887

(3,380)
(250)
10,030

(84)
9,946
60,685

130,288

2,184

(22,247)
(1,612)
203,028

930

203,958
60,234
 133,075
 (3,137) (22,713) (1,565) 199,581
 916
 200,497
  15,863
       15,863
 187
 16,050
    1,510
     1,510
 (29) 1,481
1
         1
 (179) (178)
(87) (184)   2,183
   1,912
   1,912
750
     (7,813)   (7,063)   (7,063)
31
       (981) 
   
(27)       642
 615
   615
61
     554
   
   
(87)         (87)   (87)
(13)         677
   677
37
 (5,775)       (5,738)   (5,738)
  (1,218)       (1,218)   (1,218)

         
   
669
         669
   669
(810)     17
   (793)   (793)
525

8,686

1,510

(5,059)
(339)
6,348

(21)
6,327
60,759

141,761

(1,627)
(27,772)
(1,904)
205,929

895

206,824



Wells Fargo & Company and Subsidiaries   
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Unaudited)   
 Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
Cash flows from operating activities:   
Net income before noncontrolling interests$16,050
 16,741
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Provision for credit losses1,877
 2,965
Changes in fair value of MSRs, MHFS and LHFS carried at fair value828
 1,695
Depreciation, amortization and accretion3,794
 3,598
Other net (gains) losses659
 (74)
Stock-based compensation1,595
 1,474
Originations and purchases of MHFS and LHFS (1)(134,363) (144,022)
Proceeds from sales of and paydowns on mortgages originated for sale and LHFS (1)97,116
 91,877
Net change in:   
Trading assets (1)28,463
 30,774
Deferred income taxes1,748
 (1,617)
Derivative assets and liabilities (1)(3,777) (836)
Other assets (1)2,115
 (7,895)
Other accrued expenses and liabilities (1)2,375
 1,502
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities18,480
 (3,818)
Cash flows from investing activities:   
Net change in:   
Federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments(13,896) (28,296)
Available-for-sale securities:   
Sales proceeds37,520
 28,147
Prepayments and maturities35,392
 27,768
Purchases(74,260) (66,685)
Held-to-maturity securities:   
Paydowns and maturities7,557
 5,085
Purchases
 (23,593)
Nonmarketable equity investments:   
Sales proceeds2,838
 1,298
Purchases(2,027) (3,001)
Loans:   
Loans originated by banking subsidiaries, net of principal collected5,665
 (28,155)
Proceeds from sales (including participations) of loans held for investment8,473
 6,958
Purchases (including participations) of loans(2,436) (4,007)
Principal collected on nonbank entities’ loans9,072
 8,736
Loans originated by nonbank entities(7,400) (9,091)
Net cash paid for acquisitions(23) (29,797)
Proceeds from sales of foreclosed assets and short sales4,175
 5,560
Other, net (1)(1,336) (115)
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities9,314
 (109,188)
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Net change in:   
Deposits627
 52,582
Short-term borrowings4,655
 26,882
Long-term debt:   
Proceeds from issuance38,358
 67,677
Repayment(60,103) (23,505)
Preferred stock:   
Proceeds from issuance677
 2,101
Cash dividends paid(1,226) (1,173)
Common stock:   
Proceeds from issuance905
 1,024
Stock tendered for payment of withholding taxes (1)(376) (486)
Repurchased(7,063) (6,082)
Cash dividends paid(5,605) (5,609)
Net change in noncontrolling interests(72) (159)
Other, net(94) (70)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities(29,317) 113,182
Net change in cash and due from banks(1,523) 176
Cash and due from banks at beginning of period20,729
 19,111
Cash and due from banks at end of period$19,206
 19,287
Supplemental cash flow disclosures:   
Cash paid for interest$6,514
 3,920
Cash paid for income taxes4,687
 7,158
(1)Prior periods have been revised to conform to the current period presentation.Wells Fargo & Company59



Wells Fargo & Company and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Net income before noncontrolling interests$3,802 4,690 
Other comprehensive income (loss), after tax:
Net change in debt securities(5,148)(1,525)
Net change in derivatives and hedging activities20 36 
Defined benefit plans adjustments72 35 
Other(9)11 
Other comprehensive loss, after tax(5,065)(1,443)
Total comprehensive income (loss) before noncontrolling interests(1,263)3,247 
Less: Other comprehensive income from noncontrolling interests 
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests131 54 
Wells Fargo comprehensive income (loss)$(1,394)3,192 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
60Wells Fargo & Company



Wells Fargo & Company and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheet
(in millions, except shares)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Assets(Unaudited)
Cash and due from banks$27,454 24,616 
Interest-earning deposits with banks174,441 209,614 
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash201,895 234,230 
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements67,764 66,223 
Debt securities:
Trading, at fair value86,672 88,265 
Available-for-sale, at fair value (includes amortized cost of $173,118 and $175,463, net of allowance for credit losses)168,436 177,244 
Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost, net of allowance for credit losses (fair value $264,641 and $272,386)280,808 272,022 
Loans held for sale (includes $13,155 and $15,895 carried at fair value)19,824 23,617 
Loans911,807 895,394 
Allowance for loan losses(11,504)(12,490)
Net loans900,303 882,904 
Mortgage servicing rights (includes $8,511 and $6,920 carried at fair value)9,753 8,189 
Premises and equipment, net8,473 8,571 
Goodwill25,181 25,180 
Derivative assets27,365 21,478 
Equity securities (includes $36,362 and $39,098 carried at fair value)70,755 72,886 
Other assets72,480 67,259 
Total assets (1)$1,939,709 1,948,068 
Liabilities
Noninterest-bearing deposits$529,957 527,748 
Interest-bearing deposits951,397 954,731 
Total deposits1,481,354 1,482,479 
Short-term borrowings (includes $168 and $0 carried at fair value)33,601 34,409 
Derivative liabilities15,499 9,424 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities (includes $26,145 and $20,685 carried at fair value)74,229 70,957 
Long-term debt (includes $69 and $0 carried at fair value)153,337 160,689 
Total liabilities (2)1,758,020 1,757,958 
Equity
Wells Fargo stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock20,057 20,057 
Common stock – $1-2/3 par value, authorized 9,000,000,000 shares; issued 5,481,811,474 shares9,136 9,136 
Additional paid-in capital59,899 60,196 
Retained earnings182,623 180,322 
Cumulative other comprehensive income (loss)(6,767)(1,702)
Treasury stock – 1,691,916,667 shares and 1,596,009,977 shares(85,059)(79,757)
Unearned ESOP shares(646)(646)
Total Wells Fargo stockholders’ equity179,243 187,606 
Noncontrolling interests2,446 2,504 
Total equity181,689 190,110 
Total liabilities and equity$1,939,709 1,948,068 
(1)Our consolidated assets at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, included the following assets of certain variable interest entities (VIEs) that can only be used to settle the liabilities of those VIEs: Debt securities, $71 million and $71 million; Loans, $4.9 billion and $4.5 billion; All other assets, $229 million and $234 million; and Total assets, $5.2 billion and $4.8 billion, respectively.
(2)Our consolidated liabilities at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, include the following VIE liabilities for which the VIE creditors do not have recourse to Wells Fargo: Long-term debt, $133 million and $149 million ; All other liabilities, $265 million and $259 million; and Total liabilities, $398 million and $408 million, respectively.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
Wells Fargo & Company61



Wells Fargo & Company and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity (Unaudited)
Wells Fargo stockholders’ equity
Preferred stockCommon stock
($ and shares in millions)SharesAmountSharesAmountAdditional
paid-in
capital
Retained
earnings
Cumulative
other
comprehensive
income (loss)
Treasury
stock
Unearned
ESOP
shares
Noncontrolling
interests
Total
equity
Balance December 31, 20215.3 $20,057 3,885.8 $9,136 60,196 180,322 (1,702)(79,757)(646)2,504 190,110 
Net income3,671 131 3,802 
Other comprehensive loss,
net of tax
(5,065) (5,065)
Noncontrolling interests(189)(189)
Common stock issued14.2  (117)697 580 
Common stock repurchased(110.1)(6,018)(6,018)
Preferred stock issued    
Preferred stock redeemed     
Common stock dividends16 (975)(959)
Preferred stock dividends(278)(278)
Stock-based compensation494 494 
Net change in deferred compensation and related plans(807)19 (788)
Net change  (95.9) (297)2,301 (5,065)(5,302) (58)(8,421)
Balance March 31, 20225.3 $20,057 3,789.9 $9,136 59,899 182,623 (6,767)(85,059)(646)2,446 181,689 
Balance December 31, 20205.5 $21,136 4,144.0 $9,136 60,197 162,683 194 (67,791)(875)1,032 185,712 
Net income4,636 54 4,690 
Other comprehensive income (loss),
net of tax
(1,444)(1,443)
Noncontrolling interests43 43 
Common stock issued14.3 — (61)785 724 
Common stock repurchased(17.2)(596)(596)
Preferred stock issued0.2 4,560 (31)4,529 
Preferred stock redeemed (1)(0.1)(4,526)44 (44)(4,526)
Common stock dividends(420)(414)
Preferred stock dividends(336)(336)
Stock-based compensation498 498 
Net change in deferred compensation and related plans(860)13 (847)
Net change0.1 34 (2.9)— (343)3,775 (1,444)202 — 98 2,322 
Balance March 31, 20215.6 $21,170 4,141.1 $9,136 59,854 166,458 (1,250)(67,589)(875)1,130 188,034 
(1)Represents the impact of the redemption of Preferred Stock, Series I, Series P and Series W, and partial redemption of Preferred Stock, Series N, in first quarter 2021.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
62Wells Fargo & Company



Wells Fargo & Company and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income before noncontrolling interests$3,802 4,690 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for credit losses(787)(1,048)
Changes in fair value of MSRs and LHFS carried at fair value(891)(1,368)
Depreciation, amortization and accretion1,791 2,150 
Deferred income tax benefit(179)386 
Other, net (1)(6,116)(5,335)
Originations and purchases of loans held for sale(24,206)(45,179)
Proceeds from sales of and paydowns on loans originally classified as held for sale18,324 24,757 
Net change in:
Debt and equity securities, held for trading11,771 11,122 
Derivative assets and liabilities(766)(922)
Other assets(5,815)8,481 
Other accrued expenses and liabilities3,271 (1,204)
Net cash provided (used) by operating activities199 (3,470)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Net change in:
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements(1,541)(13,830)
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Proceeds from sales19 13,367 
Prepayments and maturities6,876 21,840 
Purchases(19,195)(36,203)
Held-to-maturity debt securities:
Paydowns and maturities8,626 20,643 
Purchases(2,295)(19,899)
Equity securities, not held for trading:
Proceeds from sales and capital returns1,911 545 
Purchases(1,481)(1,626)
Loans:
Loans originated by banking subsidiaries, net of principal collected(20,285)17,447 
Proceeds from sales of loans originally classified as held for investment4,143 11,358 
Purchases of loans(100)(50)
Principal collected on nonbank entities’ loans1,465 5,265 
Loans originated by nonbank entities(1,219)(3,469)
Other, net (1)115 140 
Net cash provided (used) by investing activities(22,961)15,528 
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net change in:
Deposits(1,125)33,222 
Short-term borrowings(980)(79)
Long-term debt:
Proceeds from issuance8,089 110 
Repayment(7,889)(21,676)
Preferred stock:
Proceeds from issuance 4,529 
Redeemed (4,525)
Cash dividends paid(220)(276)
Common stock:
Repurchased(6,018)(596)
Cash dividends paid(958)(383)
Other, net (1)(472)(263)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities(9,573)10,063 
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash(32,335)22,121 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period234,230 264,612 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period$201,895 286,733 
Supplemental cash flow disclosures:
Cash paid for interest$661 1,091 
Cash paid for income taxes, net76 358 
(1)Prior period balances have been revised to conform with the current period presentation.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. See Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) for noncash activities.
Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Wells Fargo & Company63
See


Notes to Financial Statements
-See the Glossary of Acronyms at the end of this Report for terms used throughout the Financial Statements and related Notes.
Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Wells Fargo & Company is a diversified financial services company. We provide banking, insurance, trustinvestment and investments, mortgage banking, investment banking, retail banking, brokerage,products and services, as well as consumer and commercial finance, through branches,banking locations and offices, the internet and other distribution channels to consumers,individuals, businesses and institutions in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and in foreign countries.countries outside the U.S. When we refer to “Wells Fargo,” “the Company,” “we,” “our” or “us,” we mean Wells Fargo & Company and Subsidiaries (consolidated). Wells Fargo & Company (the Parent) is a financial holding company and a bank holding company. We also hold a majority interest in a real estate investment trust, which has publicly traded preferred stock outstanding.
Our accounting and reporting policies conform with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and practices in the financial services industry. For discussion of our significant accounting policies, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 (20162021 (2021 Form 10-K). There were no material changes to these policies in first quarter 2022.
To prepare the financial statements in conformity with GAAP, management must make estimates based on assumptions about future economic and market conditions (for example, unemployment, market liquidity, real estate prices, etc.) that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, income and expenses during the reporting period and the related disclosures. Although our estimates contemplate current conditions and how we expect them to change in the future, it is reasonably possible that actual conditions could be significantly differentworse than anticipated in those estimates, which could materially affect our results of operations and financial condition. Management has made significant estimates in several areas, including:
allowance for credit losses and purchased credit-impaired (PCI) loans (Note 54 (Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses));
valuations of residential mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) (Note 78 (Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities) and Note 89 (Mortgage Banking Activities)) and;
valuations of financial instruments (Note 1315 (Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities));
income taxes; and
liabilities for contingent litigation losses (Note 1113 (Legal Actions));
income taxes; and
goodwill impairment (Note 10 (Intangible Assets)).

Actual results could differ from those estimates.


These unaudited interim financial statements reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods presented. These adjustments are of a normal recurring nature, unless otherwise disclosed in this Form 10-Q. The results of operations in the interim financial statements do not necessarily indicate the results that may be expected for the full year. The interim financial information should be read in conjunction with our 20162021 Form 10-K.
Accounting Standards Adopted in 20172022
In first quarter 2017, 2022, we adopted the following new accounting guidance:
Accounting Standards Update (ASU or Update) 2016-092020-06CompensationDebtStock Compensation (Topic 718):
Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting;
ASU 2016-07 - Investments - Equity MethodDebt with Conversion and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Simplifying the Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting;
ASU 2016-06 - Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity
ASU 2021-05 – Leases (Topic 815)842): Contingent Put and Call Options in Debt Instruments; and
Lessors – Certain Leases with Variable Lease Payments

ASU 2016-05 - Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Effect of Derivative Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships.

ASU 2016-09Simplifies2020-06simplifies the accounting for share-based payment awards issuedconvertible financial instruments that embody characteristics of debt and equity by (1) eliminating accounting models for convertible financial instruments with cash conversion and beneficial conversion features within Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 470-20, (2) removing three equity classification requirements for a contract in an entity's own equity to employees.qualify for the derivative scope exception in ASC Subtopic 815-40, and (3) prescribing the method used for computing earnings per share. We have income tax effects based on changes in our stock price from the grant date to the vesting date of the employee stock compensation. Theadopted this Update requires these income tax effects to be recognized in the statement of income within income tax expense instead of within additional paid-in capital. In addition, the Update requires changes to the Statement of Cash Flows including the classification between the operating and financing section for tax activity related to employee stock compensation, which we adopted retrospectively. We recorded excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies within income tax expense in the statement of incomeprospectively in first quarter 2017, on a prospective basis.

ASU 2016-07 eliminates the requirement for companies to retroactively apply the equity method of accounting for investments when increases in ownership interests or degree of influence result in the adoption of the equity method. Under the guidance, the equity method should be applied prospectively in the period in which the ownership changes occur. We adopted this change in first quarter 2017. The Update did not impact our consolidated financial statements, as the standard is applied on a prospective basis.

ASU 2016-06 clarifies the criteria entities should use when evaluating whether embedded contingent put and call options in debt instruments should be separated from the debt instrument and accounted for separately as derivatives. The Update clarifies that companies should not consider whether the event that triggers the ability to exercise put or call options is related to interest rates or credit risk. We adopted this change in first quarter 2017. The2022. This Update did not have a material impact onto our consolidated financial statements.


ASU 2016-05 clarifies2021-05 amends ASC 842 Topic – Leases and provides specific guidance for lessors whose leases include variable lease payments that are not dependent on a changereference index or rate and otherwise would have resulted in the counterpartyrecognition of a loss at lease commencement (a day 1 loss). Prior to ASU 2016-02, variable lease payments were excluded from the definition of lease payments for lessors measuring their net investment loss in a derivative instrument that has been designated as an accounting hedge does not requiresales-type lease or direct financing lease. This often resulted in a day 1 loss, even if the hedging relationshiplessor expected the arrangement to be dedesignated as long as all other hedge accounting criteria continue to be met.profitable overall. We adopted the guidancethis Update prospectively in first quarter 2017. The2022. This Update did not have a material impact onto our consolidated financial statements.

Accounting Standards with Retrospective Application
The following accounting pronouncements have been issued by the FASB but are not yet effective:
ASU 2016-15 – Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments
Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

64Wells Fargo & Company


ASU 2016-18 – Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash

ASU 2016-15 addresses eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice for reporting in the Statement of Cash Flows. The Update is effective for us in first quarter 2018 with retrospective application. Subject to completion of our assessment, we are not expecting this Update to have a material impact on our financial statements.

ASU 2016-18 requires that amounts described as restricted cash and cash equivalents be included with cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows. In addition, we will be required to disclose information in our footnotes about the nature of the restriction on cash and cash equivalents. The Update is effective for us in first quarter 2018 with retrospective application. Subject to completion of our assessment, we are not expecting this Update to have a material impact on our financial statements.

Private Share Repurchases
From time to time we enter into private forward repurchase transactions with unrelated third parties to complement our open-market common stock repurchase strategies, to allow us to manage our share repurchases in a manner consistent with our
capital plans submitted annually under the Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (CCAR) and to provide an economic benefit to the Company.
Our payments to the counterparties for these contracts are recorded in permanent equity in the quarter paid and are not subject to re-measurement. The classification of the up-front payments as permanent equity assures that we have appropriate repurchase timing consistent with our capital plans, which contemplate a fixed dollar amount available per quarter for share repurchases pursuant to Federal Reserve Board (FRB) supervisory guidance. In return, the counterparty agrees to deliver a variable number of shares based on a per share discount to the volume-weighted average stock price over the contract period. There are no scenarios where the contracts would not either physically settle in shares or allow us to choose the settlement method. Our total number of outstanding shares of common stock is not reduced until settlement of the private share repurchase contract.
We had no unsettled private share repurchase contracts at both September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016.

Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Significant noncash activities are presented below.in Table 1.1.


Table 1.1:Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Available-for-sale debt securities purchased from securitization of LHFS (1)$1,053 — 
Held-to-maturity debt securities purchased from securitization of LHFS (1)638 10,252 
Transfers from loans to LHFS2,827 6,249 
Transfers from available-for-sale debt securities to held-to-maturity debt securities14,651 16,617 
(1)Predominantly represents agency mortgage-backed securities purchased upon settlement of the sale and securitization of our conforming residential mortgage loans. See Note 8 (Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities) for additional information.

Subsequent Events
 Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
Trading assets retained from securitization of MHFS$43,394
 47,291
Transfers from loans to MHFS4,015
 5,257
Transfers from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity securities50,405
 816

Subsequent Events
We have evaluated the effects of events that have occurred subsequent to September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, and there have been no material events that would require recognition in our thirdfirst quarter 20172022 consolidated financial statements or disclosure in the Notes to the consolidated financial statements.



Note 2: Business Combinations
Wells Fargo & Company65

We regularly explore opportunities to acquire financial services companies and businesses. Generally, we do not make a public announcement about an acquisition opportunity until a definitive agreement has been signed. For information on additional contingent consideration related to acquisitions, which is considered to be a guarantee, see Note 10 (Guarantees, Pledged Assets and Collateral).
On July 1, 2017, we completed a step acquisition involving an investment management firm with approximately $10 billion of
assets under management. We had previously been the majority owner.
At September 30, 2017, we had no pending business combinations.



Note 3: Federal Funds Sold, Securities Purchased under Resale Agreements and OtherShort-Term Investments2: Trading Activities
Table 3.1 provides the detail of federal funds sold, securities purchased under short-term resale agreements(generally less than one year) and other short-term investments. Substantially all of the interest-earning deposits at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, were held at Federal Reserve Banks.
Table 3.1:Fed Funds Sold and Other Short-Term Investments
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements$66,156
 58,215
Interest-earning deposits205,648
 200,671
Other short-term investments1,301
 7,152
Total$273,105
 266,038

As part of maintaining our memberships in certain clearing organizations, we are required to stand ready to provide liquidity meant to sustain market clearing activity in the event unforeseen events occur or are deemed likely to occur. This includes commitments we have entered into to purchase securities under resale agreements from a central clearing organization that, at its option, require us to provide funding under such agreements. We do not have any outstanding amounts funded, and the amount of our unfunded contractual commitment was $1.5 billion and $2.9 billion as of September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively.
We have classified securities purchased under long-term resale agreements (generally one year or more), which totaled $20.6 billion and $21.3 billion in loans at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively. For additional information on the collateral we receive from other entities under resale agreements and securities borrowings, see the “Offsetting of Resale and Repurchase Agreements and Securities Borrowing and Lending Agreements” section in Note 10 (Guarantees, Pledged Assets and Collateral).




Note 4:  Investment Securities
Table 4.12.1 presents a summary of our trading assets and liabilities measured at fair value through earnings.

Table 2.1:Trading Assets and Liabilities
(in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Trading assets:
Debt securities$86,672 88,265 
Equity securities (1)34,203 27,476 
Loans held for sale3,984 3,242 
Gross trading derivative assets (1)63,104 48,325 
Netting (2)(36,862)(28,146)
Total trading derivative assets26,242 20,179 
Total trading assets151,101 139,162 
Trading liabilities:
Short sale26,145 20,685 
Other liabilities237 — 
Gross trading derivative liabilities (1)53,430 42,449 
Netting (2)(39,056)(33,978)
Total trading derivative liabilities14,374 8,471 
Total trading liabilities$40,756 $29,156 
(1)In first quarter 2022, we prospectively reclassified certain equity securities and related economic hedge derivatives from “not held for trading activities” to “held for trading activities” to better reflect the business activity of those financial instruments. For additional information on Trading Activities, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) in our 2021 Form 10-K.
(2)Represents balance sheet netting for trading derivative asset and liability balances, and trading portfolio level counterparty valuation adjustments.
Table 2.2 provides a summary of the net interest income earned from trading securities, and net gains and losses due to the realized and unrealized gains and losses from trading activities.
Net interest income also includes dividend income on trading securities and dividend expense on trading securities we have sold, but not yet purchased.
Table 2.2: Net Interest Income and Net Gains (Losses) from Trading Activities
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Interest income:
Debt securities$548 529 
Equity securities (1)120 103 
Loans held for sale11 12 
Total interest income679 644 
Less: Interest expense132 110 
Net interest income547 534 
Net gains (losses) from trading activities (2):
Debt securities(3,648)(2,106)
Equity securities (1)(824)1,153 
Loans held for sale9 24 
Other liabilities12 — 
Derivatives (1)(3)4,669 1,277 
Total net gains from trading activities218 348 
Total trading-related net interest and noninterest income$765 882 
(1)In first quarter 2022, we prospectively reclassified certain equity securities and related economic hedge derivatives from “not held for trading activities” to “held for trading activities” to better reflect the business activity of those financial instruments. For additional information on Trading Activities, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) in our 2021 Form 10-K.
(2)Represents realized gains (losses) from our trading activities and unrealized gains (losses) due to changes in fair value of our trading positions.
(3)Excludes economic hedging of mortgage banking and asset/liability management activities, for which hedge results (realized and unrealized) are reported with the respective hedged activities.

66Wells Fargo & Company


Note 3: Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities
Table 3.1 provides the amortized cost, net of the allowance for credit losses (ACL) for debt securities, and fair value by major categories of available-for-sale (AFS) debt securities, which are carried at fair value, and held-to-maturity (HTM) debt securities, which are carried at
amortized cost.cost, net of the ACL. The net unrealized gains (losses) for available-for-saleAFS debt securities are reported on an after-tax basis as a component of cumulative OCI.other comprehensive income (OCI), net of the ACL and applicable income taxes. Information on debt
securities held for trading is included in Note 2 (Trading Activities).
Outstanding balances exclude accrued interest receivable on AFS and HTM debt securities, which are included in other assets. See Note 7 (Other Assets) for additional information on accrued interest receivable. Amounts considered to be uncollectible are reversed through interest income. The interest income reversed in first quarter 2022 and 2021 was insignificant.
Table 4.1:Amortized Cost3.1:Available-for-Sale and Fair ValueHeld-to-Maturity Debt Securities Outstanding
(in millions)Amortized
cost, net (1)
Gross
unrealized gains 
Gross
unrealized losses
Fair value
March 31, 2022
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$47,946 91 (1,604)46,433 
Non-U.S. government securities116   116 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions (2)16,484 271 (269)16,486 
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities94,726 245 (3,534)91,437 
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities (3)4,641 12 (45)4,608 
Collateralized loan obligations5,231  (34)5,197 
Other debt securities3,974 200 (15)4,159 
Total available-for-sale debt securities173,118 819 (5,501)168,436 
Held-to-maturity debt securities:
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies16,196 14 (659)15,551 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions32,969 69 (2,122)30,916 
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities198,266 115 (13,368)185,013 
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities (3)1,174 5 (64)1,115 
Collateralized loan obligations30,475 62 (141)30,396 
Other debt securities1,728  (78)1,650 
Total held-to-maturity debt securities280,808 265 (16,432)264,641 
Total$453,926 1,084 (21,933)433,077 
December 31, 2021
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$39,668 185 (192)39,661 
Non-U.S. government securities71 — — 71 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions (2)16,618 350 (51)16,917 
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities104,661 1,807 (582)105,886 
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities (3)4,515 32 (15)4,532 
Collateralized loan obligations5,713 (7)5,708 
Other debt securities4,217 259 (7)4,469 
Total available-for-sale debt securities175,463 2,635 (854)177,244 
Held-to-maturity debt securities:
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies16,544 599 (318)16,825 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions32,689 847 (61)33,475 
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities188,909 1,882 (2,807)187,984 
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities (3)1,082 31 (18)1,095 
Collateralized loan obligations31,067 194 (2)31,259 
Other debt securities1,731 17 — 1,748 
Total held-to-maturity debt securities272,022 3,570 (3,206)272,386 
Total$447,485 6,205 (4,060)449,630 
(1)Represents amortized cost of the securities, net of the ACL of $9 million and $8 million related to AFS debt securities and $84 million and $96 million related to HTM debt securities at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.
(2)Includes investments in tax-exempt preferred debt securities issued by investment funds or trusts that predominantly invest in tax-exempt municipal securities. The amortized cost, net of the ACL, and fair value of these types of securities, was $5.3 billion at March 31, 2022, and $5.2 billion at December 31, 2021.
(3)Predominantly consists of commercial mortgage-backed securities at both March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021.
(in millions)Amortized Cost
 
Gross
unrealized
gains

 
Gross
unrealized
losses

 
Fair
value

September 30, 2017       
Available-for-sale securities:       
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$6,408
 8
 (66) 6,350
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions52,854
 774
 (854) 52,774
Mortgage-backed securities:       
Federal agencies149,872
 1,237
 (928) 150,181
Residential5,942
 455
 (3) 6,394
Commercial4,586
 74
 (8) 4,652
Total mortgage-backed securities160,400
 1,766
 (939) 161,227
Corporate debt securities8,962
 443
 (65) 9,340
Collateralized loan and other debt obligations (1) 35,298
 317
 (7) 35,608
Other (2)5,857
 168
 (7) 6,018
Total debt securities269,779
 3,476
 (1,938) 271,317
Marketable equity securities:       
Perpetual preferred securities412
 12
 (5) 419
Other marketable equity securities194
 282
 (2) 474
Total marketable equity securities606
 294
 (7) 893
Total available-for-sale securities270,385
 3,770
 (1,945) 272,210
Held-to-maturity securities:       
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies44,712
 606
 (36) 45,282
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions6,321
 70
 (45) 6,346
    Federal agency and other mortgage-backed securities (3)90,071
 305
 (509) 89,867
Collateralized loan obligations661
 3
 
 664
Other (2)658
 1
 
 659
Total held-to-maturity securities142,423
 985
 (590) 142,818
Total$412,808
 4,755
 (2,535) 415,028
December 31, 2016       
Available-for-sale securities:       
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$25,874
 54
 (109) 25,819
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions52,121
 551
 (1,571) 51,101
Mortgage-backed securities:       
Federal agencies163,513
 1,175
 (3,458) 161,230
Residential7,375
 449
 (8) 7,816
Commercial8,475
 101
 (74) 8,502
Total mortgage-backed securities179,363
 1,725
 (3,540) 177,548
Corporate debt securities11,186
 381
 (110) 11,457
Collateralized loan and other debt obligations (1)34,764
 287
 (31) 35,020
Other (2)6,139
 104
 (35) 6,208
Total debt securities309,447
 3,102
 (5,396) 307,153
Marketable equity securities:       
Perpetual preferred securities445
 35
 (11) 469
Other marketable equity securities261
 481
 
 742
Total marketable equity securities706
 516
 (11) 1,211
Total available-for-sale securities310,153
 3,618
 (5,407) 308,364
Held-to-maturity securities:       
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies44,690
 466
 (77) 45,079
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions6,336
 17
 (144) 6,209
Federal agency and other mortgage-backed securities (3)45,161
 100
 (804) 44,457
Collateralized loan obligations1,065
 6
 (1) 1,070
Other (2)2,331
 10
 (1) 2,340
Total held-to-maturity securities99,583
 599
 (1,027) 99,155
Total$409,736
 4,217
 (6,434) 407,519
(1)
The available-for-sale portfolio includes collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) with a cost basis and fair value of $914 million and $1.0 billion, respectively, at September 30, 2017, and $819 million and $847 million, respectively, at December 31, 2016.
Wells Fargo & Company
67


Note 3:  Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities (continued)
Table 3.2 details the breakout of purchases of and transfers to HTM debt securities by major category of security.

Table 3.2:Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities Purchases and Transfers
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Purchases of held-to-maturity debt securities (1):
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions$834 1,910 
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities2,051 24,867 
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities104 29 
Collateralized loan obligations 3,953 
Total purchases of held-to-maturity debt securities2,989 30,759 
Transfers from available-for-sale debt securities to held-to-maturity debt securities:
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities14,651 16,617 
Total transfers from available-for-sale debt securities to held-to-maturity debt securities$14,651 16,617 
(1)Inclusive of securities purchased but not yet settled and noncash purchases from securitization of loans held for sale (LHFS).
Table 3.3 shows the composition of interest income, provision for credit losses, and gross realized gains and losses
from sales and impairment write-downs included in earnings related to AFS and HTM debt securities (pre-tax).


Table 3.3:Income Statement Impacts for Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Interest income (1):
Available-for-sale$702 811 
Held-to-maturity1,313 972 
Total interest income2,015 1,783 
Provision for credit losses:
Available-for-sale1 22 
Held-to-maturity(13)47 
Total provision for credit losses(12)69 
Realized gains and losses (2):
Gross realized gains2 151 
Net realized gains$2 151 
(1)Excludes interest income from trading debt securities, which is disclosed in Note 2 (Trading Activities).
(2)Realized gains and losses relate to AFS debt securities. There were no realized gains or losses from HTM debt securities in all periods presented.
Credit Quality
We monitor credit quality of debt securities by evaluating various attributes and utilize such information in our evaluation of the appropriateness of the ACL for debt securities. The credit quality indicators that we most closely monitor include credit ratings and delinquency status and are based on information as of our financial statement date.
CREDIT RATINGS Credit ratings express opinions about the credit quality of a debt security. We determine the credit rating of a security according to the lowest credit rating made available by national recognized statistical rating organizations (NRSROs). Debt securities rated investment grade, that is those with ratings similar to BBB-/Baa3 or above, as defined by NRSROs, are generally considered by the rating agencies and market
participants to be low credit risk. Conversely, debt securities rated below investment grade, labeled as “speculative grade” by the rating agencies, are considered to be distinctively higher credit risk than investment grade debt securities. For debt securities not rated by NRSROs, we determine an internal credit grade of the debt securities (used for credit risk management purposes) equivalent to the credit ratings assigned by major credit agencies. Substantially all of our debt securities were rated by NRSROs at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021.
Table 3.4 shows the percentage of fair value of AFS debt securities and amortized cost of HTM debt securities determined to be rated investment grade, inclusive of securities rated based on internal credit grades.

(2)68
The “Other” category of available-for-sale securities largely includes asset-backed securities collateralized by student loans. Included in the “Other” category of held-to-maturity securities are asset-backed securities collateralized by automobile leases or loans and cash with a cost basis and fair value of $158 million each at September 30, 2017, and $1.3 billion each at December 31, 2016. Also included in the “Other” category of held-to-maturity securities are asset-backed securities collateralized by dealer floorplan loans with a cost basis and fair value of $500 million and $501 million, respectively at September 30, 2017, and $1.1 billion each at December 31, 2016.
Wells Fargo & Company


Table 3.4:Investment Grade Debt Securities
Available-for-SaleHeld-to-Maturity
($ in millions)Fair value % investment gradeAmortized cost% investment grade
March 31, 2022
Total portfolio (1)$168,436 99 %280,892 99 %
Breakdown by category:
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies (2)$137,870 100 %214,462 100 %
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions16,486 99 32,984 100 
Collateralized loan obligations (3)5,197 100 30,518 100 
All other debt securities (4)8,883 89 2,928 62 
December 31, 2021
Total portfolio (1)$177,244 99 %272,118 99 %
Breakdown by category:
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies (2)$145,547 100 %205,453 100 %
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions16,917 99 32,704 100 
Collateralized loan obligations (3)5,708 100 31,128 100 
All other debt securities (4)9,072 88 2,833 64 
(1)98% were rated AA- and above at both March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.
(2)Includes federal agency mortgage-backed securities.
(3)100% were rated AA- and above at both March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.
(4)Includes non-U.S. government, non-agency mortgage-backed, and all other debt securities.
DELINQUENCY STATUS AND NONACCRUAL DEBT SECURITIESDebt security issuers that are delinquent in payment of amounts due under contractual debt agreements have a higher probability of recognition of credit losses. As such, as part of our monitoring of the credit quality of the debt security portfolio, we consider whether debt securities we own are past due in payment of principal or interest payments and whether any securities have been placed into nonaccrual status.
Debt securities that are past due and still accruing were insignificant at both March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021. The carrying value of debt securities in nonaccrual status was insignificant at both March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021. Charge-offs on debt securities were insignificant in the first quarter of both 2022 and 2021.
Purchased debt securities with credit deterioration (PCD) are not considered to be in nonaccrual status, as payments from issuers of these securities remain current. PCD securities were insignificant in the first quarter of both 2022 and 2021.
(3)
Predominantly consists of federal agency mortgage-backed securities at both September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
Wells Fargo & Company
69


Note 4: Investment3:  Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities (continued)(continued)

Gross Unrealized Losses and Fair Valueof Available-for-Sale Debt Securities
Table 4.23.5 shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of AFS debt securities in the investment securities portfolio by length of time thatthose individual securities in each category have been in a continuous loss position. Debt securities on which we have taken credit-related OTTI write-downsrecorded credit impairment are
categorized as being “less
than 12 months” or “12 months or more” in a continuous loss position based on the point in time that the fair value declined to below the amortized cost basis, and not the periodnet of time since the credit-related OTTI write-down.allowance for credit losses.
Table 4.2:3.5:Gross Unrealized Losses and Fair Value – Available-for-Sale Debt Securities
 Less than 12 months  12 months or more  Total 
(in millions)
Gross
unrealized
losses

 
Fair
value

 
Gross
unrealized
losses

 
Fair
value

 
Gross
unrealized
losses

 
Fair
value

September 30, 2017           
Available-for-sale securities:           
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$(4) 2,582
 (62) 1,968
 (66) 4,550
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions(23) 6,117
 (831) 19,188
 (854) 25,305
Mortgage-backed securities:          
Federal agencies(383) 50,708
 (545) 22,103
 (928) 72,811
Residential(2) 145
 (1) 64
 (3) 209
Commercial(1) 393
 (7) 348
 (8) 741
Total mortgage-backed securities(386) 51,246
 (553) 22,515
 (939) 73,761
Corporate debt securities(5) 305
 (60) 886
 (65) 1,191
Collateralized loan and other debt obligations(1) 3,171
 (6) 581
 (7) 3,752
Other(1) 494
 (6) 526
 (7) 1,020
Total debt securities(420) 63,915
 (1,518) 45,664
 (1,938) 109,579
Marketable equity securities:        
 
Perpetual preferred securities(1) 21
 (4) 67
 (5) 88
Other marketable equity securities(2) 10
 
 
 (2) 10
Total marketable equity securities(3) 31
 (4) 67
 (7) 98
Total available-for-sale securities(423) 63,946
 (1,522) 45,731
 (1,945) 109,677
Held-to-maturity securities:        
 
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies(36) 3,345
 
 
 (36) 3,345
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions(19) 2,016
 (26) 785
 (45) 2,801
Federal agency and other mortgage-backed
   securities
(465) 53,128
 (44) 5,212
 (509) 58,340
Collateralized loan obligations
 
 
 
 
 
Other
 
 
 
 
 
Total held-to-maturity securities(520) 58,489
 (70) 5,997
 (590) 64,486
Total$(943) 122,435
 (1,592) 51,728
 (2,535) 174,163
December 31, 2016           
Available-for-sale securities:           
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$(109) 10,816
 
 
 (109) 10,816
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions(341) 17,412
 (1,230) 16,213
 (1,571) 33,625
Mortgage-backed securities:           
Federal agencies(3,338) 120,735
 (120) 3,481
 (3,458) 124,216
Residential(4) 527
 (4) 245
 (8) 772
Commercial(43) 1,459
 (31) 1,690
 (74) 3,149
Total mortgage-backed securities(3,385) 122,721
 (155) 5,416
 (3,540) 128,137
Corporate debt securities(11) 946
 (99) 1,229
 (110) 2,175
Collateralized loan and other debt obligations(2) 1,899
 (29) 3,197
 (31) 5,096
Other(9) 971
 (26) 1,262
 (35) 2,233
Total debt securities(3,857) 154,765
 (1,539) 27,317
 (5,396) 182,082
Marketable equity securities:           
Perpetual preferred securities(3) 41
 (8) 45
 (11) 86
Other marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
Total marketable equity securities(3) 41
 (8) 45
 (11) 86
Total available-for-sale securities(3,860) 154,806
 (1,547) 27,362
 (5,407) 182,168
Held-to-maturity securities:           
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies(77) 6,351
 
 
 (77) 6,351
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions(144) 4,871
 
 
 (144) 4,871
Federal agency and other mortgage-backed securities(804) 40,095
 
 
 (804) 40,095
Collateralized loan obligations
 
 (1) 266
 (1) 266
Other
 
 (1) 633
 (1) 633
Total held-to-maturity securities(1,025) 51,317
 (2) 899
 (1,027) 52,216
Total$(4,885) 206,123
 (1,549) 28,261
 (6,434) 234,384

Less than 12 months 12 months or more Total 
(in millions)Gross unrealized lossesFair value Gross unrealized lossesFair value Gross unrealized lossesFair value 
March 31, 2022
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$(1,559)41,680 (45)1,257 (1,604)42,937 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions(186)3,036 (83)610 (269)3,646 
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities(2,276)63,258 (1,258)15,441 (3,534)78,699 
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities(29)3,027 (16)534 (45)3,561 
Collateralized loan obligations(28)4,523 (6)581 (34)5,104 
Other debt securities(6)763 (9)521 (15)1,284 
Total available-for-sale debt securities$(4,084)116,287 (1,417)18,944 (5,501)135,231 
December 31, 2021
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$(192)24,418 — — (192)24,418 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions(36)2,308 (15)532 (51)2,840 
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities(334)40,695 (248)9,464 (582)50,159 
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities(4)1,966 (11)543 (15)2,509 
Collateralized loan obligations(3)1,619 (4)1,242 (7)2,861 
Other debt securities— — (7)624 (7)624 
Total available-for-sale debt securities$(569)71,006 (285)12,405 (854)83,411 
We have assessed each debt security with gross unrealized losses included in the previous table for credit impairment. As part of that assessment we evaluated and concluded that we do not intend to sell any of the debt securities, and that it is more likely than not that we will not be required to sell, prior to recovery of the amortized cost basis. For debt securities, weWe evaluate, where necessary, whether credit impairment exists by comparing the present value of the expected cash flows to the debt securities’ amortized cost basis. For equity securities, we consider numerous factors in determining whetherCredit impairment exists, including our intent and ability to hold the securitiesis recorded as an ACL for a period of time sufficient to recover the cost basis of thedebt securities.
For descriptions of the factors we consider when analyzing debt securities for impairment as well as methodology and significant inputs used to measure credit losses, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) and Note 5 (Investment Securities) to Financial Statements in our 20162021 Form 10-K. There were no material changes to our methodologies for assessing impairment in the first nine months of 2017. 
Table 4.3 shows the gross unrealized losses and fair value of debt and perpetual preferred investment securities by those rated investment grade and those rated less than investment grade,
according to their lowest credit rating by Standard & Poor’s Rating Services (S&P) or Moody’s Investors Service (Moody’s). Credit ratings express opinions about the credit quality of a security. Securities rated investment grade, that is those rated BBB- or higher by S&P or Baa3 or higher by Moody’s, are generally considered by the rating agencies and market participants to be low credit risk. Conversely, securities rated below investment grade, labeled as “speculative grade” by the rating agencies, are considered to be distinctively higher credit risk than investment grade securities. We have also included securities not rated by S&P or Moody’s in the table below based on our internal credit grade of the securities (used for credit risk management purposes) equivalent to the credit rating assigned by major credit agencies. The unrealized losses and fair value of unrated securities categorized as investment grade based on internal credit grades were $27 million and $5.7 billion, respectively, at September 30, 2017, and $54 million and $7.0 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2016. If an internal credit grade was not assigned, we categorized the security as non-investment grade. 
Table 4.3:Gross Unrealized Losses and Fair Value by Investment Grade
 Investment grade  Non-investment grade 
(in millions)
Gross
unrealized
losses

 
Fair
value

 
Gross
unrealized
losses

 
Fair
value

September 30, 2017       
Available-for-sale securities:       
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$(66) 4,550
 
 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions(822) 25,098
 (32) 207
Mortgage-backed securities:       
Federal agencies(928) 72,811
 
 
Residential(1) 134
 (2) 75
Commercial(2) 527
 (6) 214
Total mortgage-backed securities(931) 73,472
 (8) 289
Corporate debt securities(14) 674
 (51) 517
Collateralized loan and other debt obligations(7) 3,752
 
 
Other(5) 781
 (2) 239
Total debt securities(1,845) 108,327
 (93) 1,252
Perpetual preferred securities(4) 70
 (1) 18
Total available-for-sale securities(1,849)
108,397

(94)
1,270
Held-to-maturity securities:       
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies(36) 3,345
 
 
  Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions(45) 2,801
 
 
Federal agency and other mortgage-backed securities(508) 58,248
 (1) 92
Collateralized loan obligations
 
 
 
Other
 
 
 
Total held-to-maturity securities(589) 64,394
 (1) 92
Total$(2,438) 172,791
 (95) 1,362
December 31, 2016  
    
Available-for-sale securities:       
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$(109) 10,816
 
 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions(1,517) 33,271
 (54) 354
Mortgage-backed securities:       
Federal agencies(3,458) 124,216
 
 
Residential(1) 176
 (7) 596
Commercial(15) 2,585
 (59) 564
Total mortgage-backed securities(3,474) 126,977
 (66) 1,160
Corporate debt securities(31) 1,238
 (79) 937
Collateralized loan and other debt obligations(31) 5,096
 
 
Other(30) 1,842
 (5) 391
Total debt securities(5,192) 179,240
 (204) 2,842
Perpetual preferred securities(10) 68
 (1) 18
Total available-for-sale securities(5,202) 179,308
 (205) 2,860
Held-to-maturity securities:       
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies(77) 6,351
 
 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions(144) 4,871
 
 
Federal agency and other mortgage-backed securities(803) 40,078
 (1) 17
Collateralized loan obligations(1) 266
 
 
Other(1) 633


 
Total held-to-maturity securities(1,026) 52,199
 (1) 17
Total$(6,228) 231,507
 (206) 2,877
70Wells Fargo & Company

Note 4: Investment Securities (continued)


Contractual Maturities
Table 4.4 shows3.6 and Table 3.7 show the remaining contractual maturities, amortized cost, net of the ACL, fair value and contractual weighted-averageweighted average effective yields (taxable-equivalent basis) of available-for-saleAFS and HTM debt securities.securities, respectively. The remaining contractual principal
maturities for MBSmortgage-backed securities (MBS) do not consider
prepayments. Remaining expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to prepay obligations before the underlying mortgages mature.
Table 3.6:Contractual Maturities – Available-for-Sale Debt Securities
By remaining contractual maturity ($ in millions)TotalWithin
one year
After
one year
through
five years
After
five years
through
ten years
After
ten years
March 31, 2022
Available-for-sale debt securities (1): 
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies
Amortized cost, net$47,946 251 18,089 27,778 1,828 
Fair value46,433 247 17,794 26,478 1,914 
Weighted average yield1.01 %0.25 0.34 1.42 1.44 
Non-U.S. government securities
Amortized cost, net$116 90 25 — 
Fair value116 90 25 — 
Weighted average yield0.40 %1.49 0.38 0.43 — 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
Amortized cost, net$16,484 752 2,177 5,757 7,798 
Fair value16,486 751 2,181 5,599 7,955 
Weighted average yield2.03 %1.41 1.41 1.51 2.65 
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities
Amortized cost, net$94,726 — 247 2,415 92,064 
Fair value91,437 — 249 2,381 88,807 
Weighted average yield2.60 %— 2.86 2.32 2.61 
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities
Amortized cost, net$4,641 — — 110 4,531 
Fair value4,608 — — 110 4,498 
Weighted average yield2.06 %— — 2.63 2.04 
Collateralized loan obligations
Amortized cost, net$5,231 — 4,824 403 
Fair value5,197 — 4,794 399 
Weighted average yield1.55 %— 2.26 1.55 1.56 
Other debt securities
Amortized cost, net$3,974 55 400 1,030 2,489 
Fair value4,159 55 398 1,030 2,676 
Weighted average yield2.00 %1.99 1.65 1.87 2.10 
Total available-for-sale debt securities
Amortized cost, net$173,118 1,059 21,007 41,939 109,113 
Fair value168,436 1,054 20,716 40,417 106,249 
Weighted average yield2.04 %1.17 0.50 1.51 2.55 
(1)Weighted average yields displayed by maturity bucket are weighted based on amortized cost without effect for any related hedging derivatives and are shown pre-tax.
Table 4.4:Contractual Maturities
   Remaining contractual maturity 
  Total
   Within one year  
After one year
through five years
  
After five years
through ten years
  After ten years 
(in millions)amount
 Yield
 Amount
 Yield
 Amount
 Yield
 Amount
 Yield
 Amount
 Yield
September 30, 2017                   
Available-for-sale debt securities (1):                    
Fair value:                   
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$6,350
 1.60% $81
 1.36% $6,221
 1.60% $48
 1.88% $
 %
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions52,774
 5.77
 1,375
 2.32
 10,788
 2.93
 2,237
 4.65
 38,374
 6.76
Mortgage-backed securities:                   
Federal agencies150,181
 3.24
 1
 5.03
 223
 2.78
 5,927
 2.83
 144,030
 3.26
Residential6,394
 3.88
 
 
 27
 5.66
 11
 2.42
 6,356
 3.88
Commercial4,652
 3.74
 
 
 
 
 64
 2.76
 4,588
 3.75
Total mortgage-backed securities161,227
 3.28
 1
 5.03
 250
 3.09
 6,002
 2.83
 154,974
 3.30
Corporate debt securities9,340
 4.94
 976
 4.08
 3,009
 5.57
 4,373
 4.61
 982
 5.28
Collateralized loan and other debt obligations35,608
 2.97
 
 
 100
 1.83
 16,498
 2.95
 19,010
 3.00
Other6,018
 2.29
 44
 3.42
 525
 2.69
 1,584
 1.97
 3,865
 2.35
Total available-for-sale debt securities at fair value$271,317
 3.72% $2,477
 3.00% $20,893
 2.90% $30,742
 3.23% $217,205
 3.88%
December 31, 2016                   
Available-for-sale debt securities (1):        `          
Fair value:                   
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$25,819
 1.44% $1,328
 0.92% $23,477
 1.45% $1,014
 1.80% $
 %
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions51,101
 5.65
 2,990
 1.69
 9,299
 2.74
 2,391
 4.71
 36,421
 6.78
Mortgage-backed securities:                   
Federal agencies161,230
 3.09
 
 
 128
 2.98
 5,363
 3.16
 155,739
 3.09
Residential7,816
 3.84
 
 
 25
 5.21
 35
 4.34
 7,756
 3.83
Commercial8,502
 4.58
 
 
 
 
 30
 3.13
 8,472
 4.59
Total mortgage-backed securities177,548
 3.19
 
 
 153
 3.34
 5,428
 3.16
 171,967
 3.19
Corporate debt securities11,457
 4.81
 2,043
 2.90
 3,374
 5.89
 4,741
 4.71
 1,299
 5.38
Collateralized loan and other debt obligations35,020
 2.70
 
 
 168
 1.34
 16,482
 2.66
 18,370
 2.74
Other6,208
 2.18
 57
 3.06
 971
 2.35
 1,146
 2.04
 4,034
 2.17
Total available-for-sale debt securities at fair value$307,153
 3.44% $6,418
 1.93% $37,442
 2.20% $31,202
 3.17% $232,091
 3.72%
(1)Weighted-averageWells Fargo & Company71


Note 3:  Available-for-Sale and Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities (continued)
Table 3.7: Contractual Maturities – Held-to-Maturity Debt Securities
By remaining contractual maturity ($ in millions)TotalWithin
one year
After
one year
through
five years
After
five years
through
ten years
After
ten years
March 31, 2022
Held-to-maturity debt securities (1): 
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies
Amortized cost, net$16,196 — 12,411 — 3,785 
Fair value15,551 — 12,386 — 3,165 
Weighted average yield2.18 %— 2.37 — 1.57 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
Amortized cost, net$32,969 1,243 2,949 2,235 26,542 
Fair value30,916 1,246 2,914 2,234 24,522 
Weighted average yield2.12 %2.11 1.32 2.51 2.18 
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities
Amortized cost, net$198,266 — — — 198,266 
Fair value185,013 — — — 185,013 
Weighted average yield2.16 %— — — 2.16 
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities
Amortized cost, net$1,174 15 18 30 1,111 
Fair value1,115 15 18 29 1,053 
Weighted average yield2.97 %3.24 2.93 3.16 2.97 
Collateralized loan obligations
Amortized cost, net$30,475 — — 13,361 17,114 
Fair value30,396 — — 13,396 17,000 
Weighted average yield1.65 %— — 1.73 1.59 
Other debt securities
Amortized cost, net$1,728 — 762 966 — 
Fair value1,650 — 732 918 — 
Weighted average yield4.47 %— 4.13 4.74 — 
Total held-to-maturity debt securities
Amortized cost, net$280,808 1,258 16,140 16,592 246,818 
Fair value264,641 1,261 16,050 16,577 230,753 
Weighted average yield2.12 %2.12 2.26 2.01 2.12 
(1)Weighted average yields displayed by maturity bucket are weighted based on fair value and predominantly represent contractual coupon rates without effect for any related hedging derivatives.


Table 4.5 shows the amortized cost and weighted-average yields of held-to-maturity debt securities by contractual maturity.are shown pre-tax.
Table 4.5:Amortized Cost by Contractual Maturity
   Remaining contractual maturity 
 Total
   Within one year  
After one year
through five years
  
After five years
through ten years
  After ten years 
(in millions)amount
 Yield
 Amount
 Yield
 Amount
 Yield
 Amount
 Yield
 Amount
 Yield
September 30, 2017                   
Held-to-maturity securities (1):                    
Amortized cost:                   
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$44,712
 2.12% $
 % $32,323
 2.04% $12,389
 2.32% $
 %
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions6,321
 6.04
 
 
 49
 7.71
 655
 6.44
 5,617
 5.98
Federal agency and other mortgage-backed securities90,071
 3.11
 
 
 
 
 


 90,071
 3.11
Collateralized loan obligations661
 2.81
 
 
 
 
 661
 2.81
 
 
Other658
 2.17
 
 
 658
 2.17
 
 
 
 
Total held-to-maturity debt securities at amortized cost$142,423
 2.92% $
 % $33,030
 2.05% $13,705
 2.54% $95,688
 3.27%
December 31, 2016                   
Held-to-maturity securities (1):                   
Amortized cost:                   
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$44,690
 2.12% $
 % $31,956
 2.05% $12,734
 2.30% $
 %
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions6,336
 6.04
 
 
 24
 8.20
 436
 6.76
 5,876
 5.98
Federal agency and other mortgage-backed securities45,161
 3.23
 
 
 
 
 
 
 45,161
 3.23
Collateralized loan obligations1,065
 2.58
 
 
 
 
 1,065
 2.58
 
 
Other2,331
 1.83
 
 
 1,683
 1.81
 648
 1.89
 
 
Total held-to-maturity debt securities at amortized cost$99,583
 2.87% $
 % $33,663
 2.04% $14,883
 2.43% $51,037
 3.55%
(1)72Weighted-average yields displayed by maturity bucket are weighted based on amortized cost and predominantly represent contractual coupon rates.Wells Fargo & Company


Table 4.6 shows the fair value of held-to-maturity debt securities by contractual maturity.

Table 4.6:Fair Value by Contractual Maturity
   Remaining contractual maturity 
 Total
 Within one year
 
After one year
through five years

 
After five years
through ten years

 After ten years
(in millions)amount
 Amount
 Amount
 Amount
 Amount
September 30, 2017         
Held-to-maturity securities:         
Fair value:         
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$45,282
 
 32,733
 12,549
 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions6,346
 
 48
 664
 5,634
Federal agency and other mortgage-backed securities89,867
 
 
 
 89,867
Collateralized loan obligations664
 
 
 664
 
Other659
 
 659
 
 
Total held-to-maturity debt securities at fair value$142,818
 
 33,440
 13,877
 95,501
December 31, 2016         
Held-to-maturity securities:         
Fair value:         
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$45,079
 
 32,313
 12,766
 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions6,209
 
 24
 430
 5,755
Federal agency and other mortgage-backed securities44,457
 
 
 
 44,457
Collateralized loan obligations1,070
 
 
 1,070
 
Other2,340
 
 1,688
 652
 
Total held-to-maturity debt securities at fair value$99,155
 
 34,025
 14,918
 50,212
Note 4: Investment Securities (continued)

Realized Gains and Losses
Table 4.7 shows the gross realized gains and losses on sales and OTTI write-downs related to the available-for-sale securities
portfolio, which includes marketable equity securities, as well as net realized gains and losses on nonmarketable equity investments (see Note 6 (Other Assets)).
Table 4.7:Realized Gains and Losses
  Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Gross realized gains$298
 266
 859
 1,215
Gross realized losses(18) (23) (102) (67)
OTTI write-downs(8) (52) (112) (147)
Net realized gains from available-for-sale securities272
 191
 645
 1,001
Net realized gains from nonmarketable equity investments132
 55
 506
 369
Net realized gains from debt securities and equity investments$404
 246
 1,151
 1,370

Other-Than-Temporary Impairment
Table 4.8 shows the detail of total OTTI write-downs included in earnings for available-for-sale debt securities, marketable equity
securities and nonmarketable equity investments. There were no OTTI write-downs on held-to-maturity securities during the first nine months of 2017 and 2016.
Table 4.8:OTTI Write-downs
 Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
OTTI write-downs included in earnings       
Debt securities:       
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions$1
 30
 9
 40
Mortgage-backed securities:       
Residential1
 4
 7
 28
Commercial4
 10
 70
 11
Corporate debt securities1
 7
 21
 57
Other debt securities
 
 
 6
Total debt securities7
 51
 107
 142
Equity securities:       
Marketable equity securities:       
Other marketable equity securities1
 1
 5
 5
Total marketable equity securities1
 1
 5
 5
Total investment securities (1)8
 52
 112
 147
Nonmarketable equity investments (1)83
 84
 181
 317
Total OTTI write-downs included in earnings (1)$91
 136
 293
 464
(1)
The quarters ended September 30, 2017Note 4:  Loans and 2016, include $19 million and $32 million, respectively, in OTTI write-downs of oil and gas investments, of which $2 million and $6 million, respectively, related to investment securities and $17 million and $26 million, respectively, related to nonmarketable equity investments. Oil and gas related OTTI for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, totaled $77 million and $185 million, respectively, of which $24 million and $57 million, respectively, related to investment securities and $53 million and $128 million, respectively, related to nonmarketable equity investments.

Other-Than-Temporarily Impaired Debt Securities
Table 4.9 shows the detail of OTTI write-downs on available-for-sale debt securities included in earnings and the related changes in OCI for the same securities.
Table 4.9:OTTI Write-downs Included in Earnings
 Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
OTTI on debt securities       
Recorded as part of gross realized losses:       
Credit-related OTTI$6
 21
 105
 102
Intent-to-sell OTTI1
 30
 2
 40
Total recorded as part of gross realized losses7
 51
 107
 142
Changes to OCI for losses (reversal of losses) in non-credit-related OTTI (1):       
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
 
 (5) 
Residential mortgage-backed securities(1) (4) (1) 1
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
 (11) (47) (9)
Corporate debt securities
 
 1
 (13)
Other debt securities(1) 
 (1) 2
Total changes to OCI for non-credit-related OTTI(2) (15) (53) (19)
Total OTTI losses recorded on debt securities$5
 36
 54
 123
(1)Represents amounts recorded to OCI for impairment, due to factors other than credit, on debt securities that have also had credit-related OTTI write-downs during the period. Increases represent initial or subsequent non-credit-related OTTI on debt securities. Decreases represent partial to full reversal of impairment due to recoveries in the fair value of securities due to non-credit factors.
Table 4.10 presents a rollforward of the OTTI credit loss that has been recognized in earnings as a write-down of available-for-sale debt securities we still own (referred to as “credit-impaired” debt securities) and do not intend to sell. Recognized credit loss
represents the difference between the present value of expected future cash flows discounted using the security’s current effective interest rate and the amortized cost basis of the security prior to considering credit loss.
Table 4.10:Rollforward of OTTI Credit Loss
 Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Credit loss recognized, beginning of period$1,120
 1,080
 1,043
 1,092
Additions:       
For securities with initial credit impairments
 16
 8
 54
For securities with previous credit impairments6
 5
 97
 48
Total additions6
 21
 105
 102
Reductions:       
For securities sold, matured, or intended/required to be sold(96) (22) (114) (111)
For recoveries of previous credit impairments (1)(1) (2) (5) (6)
Total reductions(97) (24) (119) (117)
Credit loss recognized, end of period$1,029
 1,077
 1,029
 1,077
(1)Recoveries of previous credit impairments result from increases in expected cash flows subsequent to credit loss recognition. Such recoveries are reflected prospectively as interest yield adjustments using the effective interest method.
Note 5: Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

Note 5:  Loans andRelated Allowance for Credit Losses
Table 5.14.1 presents total loans outstanding by portfolio segment and class of financing receivable. Outstanding balances include a total net reduction of $3.7 billion and $4.4 billion at September 30, 2017, andDecember 31, 2016, respectively, for
unearned income, net deferred loan fees or costs, and unamortized discounts and premiums. These amounts were less
than 1% of our total loans outstanding at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021.
Outstanding balances exclude accrued interest receivable on loans, except for certain revolving loans, such as credit card loans.
See Note 7 (Other Assets) for additional information on accrued interest receivable. Amounts considered to be uncollectible are reversed through interest income. During first quarter 2022, we reversed accrued interest receivable of $12 million for our commercial portfolio segment and $32 million for our consumer portfolio segment, compared with $16 million and $51 million, respectively, for the same period a year ago.

Table 5.1:4.1:Loans Outstanding
(in millions)(in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

Commercial:   Commercial:
Commercial and industrial$327,944
 330,840
Commercial and industrial$362,137 350,436 
Real estate mortgage128,475
 132,491
Real estate mortgage129,495 127,733 
Real estate construction24,520
 23,916
Real estate construction20,613 20,092 
Lease financing19,211
 19,289
Lease financing14,469 14,859 
Total commercial500,150
 506,536
Total commercial526,714 513,120 
Consumer:   Consumer:
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage280,173
 275,579
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage41,152
 46,237
Residential mortgage – first lienResidential mortgage – first lien245,242 242,270 
Residential mortgage – junior lienResidential mortgage – junior lien15,392 16,618 
Credit card36,249
 36,700
Credit card38,639 38,453 
Automobile55,455
 62,286
Other revolving credit and installment38,694
 40,266
AutoAuto57,083 56,659 
Other consumerOther consumer28,737 28,274 
Total consumer451,723
 461,068
Total consumer385,093 382,274 
Total loans$951,873
 967,604
Total loans$911,807 895,394 
Our foreignnon-U.S. loans are reported by respective class of financing receivable in the table above. Substantially all of our foreignnon-U.S. loan portfolio is commercial loans. Loans are classified as foreign primarily based on whether the borrower’s primary
address is outside of the United States. Table 5.24.2 presents total non-U.S. commercial foreign loans outstanding by class of financing receivable.

Table 5.2:4.2:Non-U.S. Commercial Foreign Loans Outstanding
(in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Non-U.S. commercial loans:
Commercial and industrial$80,435 77,365 
Real estate mortgage7,072 7,070 
Real estate construction1,577 1,582 
Lease financing690 680 
Total non-U.S. commercial loans$89,774 86,697 

(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

Commercial foreign loans:   
Commercial and industrial$58,570
 55,396
Real estate mortgage8,032
 8,541
Real estate construction647
 375
Lease financing1,141
 972
Total commercial foreign loans$68,390
 65,284

Wells Fargo & Company73



Note 4: Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)
Loan Purchases, Sales, and Transfers
Table 5.3 summarizes4.3 presents the proceeds paid or received for purchases and sales of loans and transfers from loans held for investment to mortgages/loans held for sale at lower of cost or fair value. This loan activity also includes participating interests, whereby we
receive or transfer a portion of a loan.sale. The table excludes PCI loans and loans for
which we have elected the fair value option includingand government insured/guaranteed residential mortgage – first lien loans originated for sale because their loan activity normally does not impact the allowance for credit losses. ACL.
Table 5.3:4.3:Loan Purchases, Sales, and Transfers
20222021
(in millions)CommercialConsumerTotalCommercialConsumerTotal
Quarter ended March 31,
Purchases$100  100 48 49 
Sales(582) (582)(273)(188)(461)
Transfers (to)/from LHFS21 (9)12 (435)63 (372)
 2017  2016 
(in millions)Commercial
 Consumer (1)
 Total
 Commercial (2)
 Consumer (1)
 Total
Quarter ended September 30,           
Purchases$449
 
 449
 1,902
 
 1,902
Sales(310) (145) (455) (324) (306) (630)
Transfers to MHFS/LHFS374
 
 374
 (44) (1) (45)
Nine months ended September 30,           
Purchases$2,418
 2
 2,420
 29,155
 
 29,155
Sales(1,649) (291) (1,940) (932) (985) (1,917)
Transfers to MHFS/LHFS(284) (1) (285) (145) (5) (150)
(1)Excludes activity in government insured/guaranteed real estate 1-4 family first mortgage loans. As servicer, we are able to buy delinquent insured/guaranteed loans out of the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) pools, and manage and/or resell them in accordance with applicable requirements. These loans are predominantly insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Accordingly, these loans have limited impact on the allowance for loan losses.
(2)Purchases include loans and capital leases from the 2016 GE Capital business acquisitions.
Commitments to Lend
A commitment to lend is a legally binding agreement to lend funds to a customer, usually at a stated interest rate, if funded, and for specific purposes and time periods. We generally require a fee to extend such commitments. Certain commitments either provide us with funding discretion or are subject to loan agreements with covenants regarding the financial performance of the customer or borrowing base formulas on an ongoing basis that must be met before we are required to fund the commitment. We may reduce or cancel consumer commitments, including home equity lines and credit card lines, in accordance with the contracts and applicable law. For unconditionally cancelable commitments at our discretion, we do not recognize an ACL.
We may, as a representative for other lenders, advance funds or provide for the issuance of letters of credit under syndicated loan or letter of credit agreements. Any advances are generally repaid in less than a week and would normally require default of both the customer and another lender to expose us to loss. TheseThe unfunded amount of these temporary advance arrangements totaled approximately $84 billion and $77$90.6 billion at September 30, 2017 and DecemberMarch 31, 2016, respectively.2022.
We issue commercial letters of credit to assist customers in purchasing goods or services, typically for international trade. At September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2016,2021, we had $1.2$1.9 billion and $1.1$1.5 billion, respectively, of outstanding issued commercial letters of credit. We also originate multipurpose lending commitments under which borrowers have the option to draw on the facility for different purposes in one of several forms, including a standby letter of credit. See Note 1011 (Guarantees Pledged Assets and Collateral)Other Commitments) for additional information on standby letters of credit.
When we makeenter into commitments, we are exposed to credit risk. The maximum credit risk for these commitments will generally be lower than the contractual amount because a significant portion of these commitments is expected to expire without being used by the customer. In addition, weare not funded. We manage the potential risk in commitments to lend by limiting the total amount of commitments, both by individual customer and in total, by monitoring the size and maturity structure of these commitments and by applying the same credit standards for these commitments as for all of our credit activities.
For loans and commitments to lend, we generally require collateral or a guarantee. We may require various types of collateral, including commercial and consumer real estate, automobiles,autos, other short-term liquid assets such as accounts receivable or inventory and long-lived assets, such as equipment and other business assets. Collateral requirements for each loan or commitment may vary based on the loan product and our assessment of a customer’s credit risk according to the specific credit underwriting, including credit terms and structure.
The contractual amount of our unfunded credit commitments, including unissued standby and commercial letters of credit, is summarized by portfolio segment and class of financing receivable in Table 5.4.4.4. The table excludes the issued standby and commercial letters of credit and temporary advance arrangements described above.
Table 5.4:4.4:Unfunded Credit Commitments
(in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial$412,645 404,292 
Real estate mortgage9,499 11,515 
Real estate construction19,389 19,943 
Total commercial441,533 435,750 
Consumer:
Residential mortgage – first lien32,442 32,992 
Residential mortgage – junior lien25,924 27,447 
Credit card135,021 130,743 
Other consumer59,489 59,789 
Total consumer252,876 250,971 
Total unfunded credit commitments$694,409 686,721 
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

Commercial:   
Commercial and industrial$321,797
 319,662
Real estate mortgage7,686
 7,833
Real estate construction16,025
 18,840
Lease financing
 16
Total commercial345,508
 346,351
Consumer:   
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage33,985
 33,498
Real estate 1-4 family
junior lien mortgage
39,437
 41,431
Credit card108,240
 101,895
Other revolving credit and installment27,796
 28,349
Total consumer209,458
 205,173
Total unfunded
credit commitments
$554,966
 551,524
74Wells Fargo & Company

Note 5: Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)


Allowance for Credit Losses
During third quarter 2017, Hurricanes Harvey, Irma and Maria caused considerable damage in several geographic markets where the Company has significant lending exposure. The impact was in both our commercial and consumer lending portfolios. Based on our analysis to date of the level of insurance coverage, types of loans, location, and potential damage to collateral, we believe the ultimate collectability of these loans will be impacted. Our allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2017, included $450 million for coverage of our preliminary estimate of potential hurricane-related losses. We will continue to assess the
impact to our customers and our business as a result of the hurricanes and refine our estimates as more information becomes available. However, in light of the ongoing recovery challenges in Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria, it may take longer to assess the hurricane’s impact on our portfolios there. We are still evaluating the impact on our portfolio from the California wildfires that occurred in October 2017.
Table 5.54.5 presents the allowance for credit losses (ACL) for loans, which consists of the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for unfunded credit commitments. The ACL for loans decreased
$1.1 billion from December 31, 2021, reflecting reduced uncertainty around the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our loan portfolios and increased uncertainty related to the risks of high inflation.

Table 5.5:4.5:Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans
Quarter ended March 31,
($ in millions)20222021
Balance, beginning of period$13,788 19,713 
Provision for credit losses(775)(1,117)
Interest income on certain loans (1)(29)(41)
Loan charge-offs:
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial(56)(159)
Real estate mortgage (52)
Real estate construction — 
Lease financing(4)(21)
Total commercial(60)(232)
Consumer:
Residential mortgage – first lien(25)(17)
Residential mortgage – junior lien(22)(19)
Credit card(267)(335)
Auto(165)(129)
Other consumer(108)(147)
Total consumer(587)(647)
Total loan charge-offs(647)(879)
Loan recoveries:
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial79 71 
Real estate mortgage5 
Real estate construction — 
Lease financing5 
Total commercial89 83 
Consumer:
Residential mortgage – first lien28 41 
Residential mortgage – junior lien40 38 
Credit card91 99 
Auto69 77 
Other consumer25 28 
Total consumer253 283 
Total loan recoveries342 366 
Net loan charge-offs(305)(513)
Other2 
Balance, end of period$12,681 18,043 
Components:
Allowance for loan losses$11,504 16,928 
Allowance for unfunded credit commitments1,177 1,115 
Allowance for credit losses$12,681 18,043 
Net loan charge-offs as a percentage of average total loans0.14 %0.24 
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans1.26 1.96 
Allowance for credit losses for loans as a percentage of total loans1.39 2.09 
(1)Loans with an allowance measured by discounting expected cash flows using the loan’s effective interest rate over the remaining life of the loan recognize changes in allowance attributable to the passage of time as interest income.
 Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Balance, beginning of period$12,146
 12,749
 12,540
 12,512
Provision for credit losses717
 805
 1,877
 2,965
Interest income on certain impaired loans (1)(43) (54) (137) (153)
Loan charge-offs:       
Commercial:       
Commercial and industrial(194) (324) (608) (1,110)
Real estate mortgage(21) (7) (34) (13)
Real estate construction
 
 
 (1)
Lease financing(11) (4) (31) (25)
Total commercial(226) (335) (673) (1,149)
Consumer:       
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage(67) (106) (191) (366)
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage(70) (119) (225) (385)
Credit card(337) (296) (1,083) (930)
Automobile(274) (215) (741) (602)
Other revolving credit and installment(170) (170) (544) (508)
Total consumer (2)(918) (906) (2,784) (2,791)
Total loan charge-offs(1,144) (1,241) (3,457) (3,940)
Loan recoveries:       
Commercial:       
Commercial and industrial69
 65
 234
 210
Real estate mortgage24
 35
 68
 90
Real estate construction15
 18
 27
 30
Lease financing5
 2
 13
 10
Total commercial113
 120
 342
 340
Consumer:       
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage83
 86
 216
 284
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage69
 70
 205
 200
Credit card60
 51
 177
 153
Automobile72
 78
 246
 248
Other revolving credit and installment30
 31
 94
 100
Total consumer314
 316
 938
 985
Total loan recoveries427
 436
 1,280
 1,325
Net loan charge-offs(717) (805) (2,177) (2,615)
Other6
 (1) 6
 (15)
Balance, end of period$12,109
 12,694
 12,109
 12,694
Components:         
Allowance for loan losses$11,078
 11,583
 11,078
 11,583
Allowance for unfunded credit commitments1,031
 1,111
 1,031
 1,111
Allowance for credit losses$12,109
 12,694
 12,109
 12,694
Net loan charge-offs (annualized) as a percentage of average total loans0.30% 0.33
 0.30
 0.37
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans1.16
 1.20
 1.16
 1.20
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of total loans1.27
 1.32
 1.27
 1.32
(1)Certain impaired loans with an allowance calculated by discounting expected cash flows using the loan’s effective interest rate over the remaining life of the loan recognize changes in allowance attributable to the passage of time as interest income.Wells Fargo & Company75
(2)
Quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2017, include an incremental $29 million of charge-offs in accordance with updated industry regulatory guidance regarding the timing of loss recognition for real estate 1-4 family mortgage and automobile loans in bankruptcy.


Note 4: Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

Table 5.64.6 summarizes the activity in the allowance for credit lossesACL by our commercial and consumer portfolio segments.

Table 5.6:4.6:Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans Activity by Portfolio Segment
20222021
(in millions)CommercialConsumer TotalCommercial Consumer Total
Quarter ended March 31,
Balance, beginning of period$7,791 5,997 13,788 11,516 8,197 19,713 
Provision for credit losses(665)(110)(775)(667)(450)(1,117)
Interest income on certain loans (1)(9)(20)(29)(19)(22)(41)
Loan charge-offs(60)(587)(647)(232)(647)(879)
Loan recoveries89 253 342 83 283 366 
Net loan charge-offs29 (334)(305)(149)(364)(513)
Other2  2 — 
Balance, end of period$7,148 5,533 12,681 10,682 7,361 18,043 
(1)Loans with an allowance measured by discounting expected cash flows using the loan’s effective interest rate over the remaining life of the loan recognize changes in allowance attributable to the passage of time as interest income.
   
   
 2017
   
   
 2016
(in millions)Commercial
 Consumer
 Total
 Commercial
 Consumer
 Total
Quarter ended September 30,           
Balance, beginning of period$6,961
 5,185
 12,146
 7,441
 5,308
 12,749
Provision (reversal of provision) for credit losses(9) 726
 717
 158
 647
 805
Interest income on certain impaired loans(13) (30) (43) (14) (40) (54)
            
Loan charge-offs(226) (918) (1,144) (335) (906) (1,241)
Loan recoveries113
 314
 427
 120
 316
 436
Net loan charge-offs(113) (604) (717) (215) (590) (805)
Other6
 
 6
 (1) 
 (1)
Balance, end of period$6,832
 5,277
 12,109
 7,369
 5,325
 12,694
            
Nine months ended September 30,           
Balance, beginning of period$7,394
 5,146
 12,540
 6,872
 5,640
 12,512
Provision (reversal of provision) for credit losses(195) 2,072
 1,877
 1,350
 1,615
 2,965
Interest income on certain impaired loans(42) (95) (137) (29) (124) (153)
            
Loan charge-offs(673) (2,784) (3,457) (1,149) (2,791) (3,940)
Loan recoveries342
 938
 1,280
 340
 985
 1,325
Net loan charge-offs(331) (1,846) (2,177) (809) (1,806) (2,615)
Other6
 
 6
 (15) 
 (15)
Balance, end of period$6,832
 5,277
 12,109
 7,369
 5,325
 12,694

Table 5.7 disaggregates our allowance for credit losses and recorded investment in loans by impairment methodology.
Table 5.7:Allowance by Impairment Methodology
 Allowance for credit losses  Recorded investment in loans 
(in millions)Commercial
 Consumer
 Total
 Commercial
 Consumer
 Total
September 30, 2017           
Collectively evaluated (1)$6,032
 4,094
 10,126
 495,395
 423,102
 918,497
Individually evaluated (2)786
 1,183
 1,969
 4,521
 15,291
 19,812
PCI (3)14
 
 14
 234
 13,330
 13,564
Total$6,832
 5,277
 12,109
 500,150
 451,723
 951,873
December 31, 2016 
Collectively evaluated (1)$6,392
 3,553
 9,945
 500,487
 428,009
 928,496
Individually evaluated (2)1,000
 1,593
 2,593
 5,372
 17,005
 22,377
PCI (3)2
 
 2
 677
 16,054
 16,731
Total$7,394
 5,146
 12,540
 506,536
 461,068
 967,604
(1)
Represents loans collectively evaluated for impairment in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 450-20, Loss Contingencies (formerly FAS 5), and pursuant to amendments by ASU 2010-20 regarding allowance for non-impaired loans.
(2)
Represents loans individually evaluated for impairment in accordance with ASC 310-10, Receivables (formerly FAS 114), and pursuant to amendments by ASU 2010-20 regarding allowance for impaired loans.
(3)
Represents the allowance and related loan carrying value determined in accordance with ASC 310-30, Receivables – Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality (formerly SOP 03-3) and pursuant to amendments by ASU 2010-20 regarding allowance for PCI loans.

Credit Quality
We monitor credit quality by evaluating various attributes and utilize such information in our evaluation of the appropriateness of the allowanceACL for credit losses.loans. The following sections provide the credit quality indicators we most closely monitor. The credit quality indicators are generally based on information as of our financial statement date,date.
COMMERCIAL CREDIT QUALITY INDICATORS We manage a consistent process for assessing commercial loan credit quality. Commercial loans are generally subject to individual risk assessment using our internal borrower and collateral quality
ratings, which is our primary credit quality indicator. Our ratings are aligned to regulatory definitions of pass and criticized categories with the exceptioncriticized segmented among special mention, substandard, doubtful and loss categories.
Table 4.7 provides the outstanding balances of updatedour commercial loan portfolio by risk category and credit quality information by origination year for term loans. Revolving loans may convert to term loans as a result of a contractual provision in the original loan agreement or if modified in a troubled
debt restructuring (TDR). At March 31, 2022, we had $501.2 billion and $25.5 billion of pass and criticized commercial loans, respectively.

76Wells Fargo & Company



Table 4.7:Commercial Loan Categories by Risk Categories and Vintage
Term loans by origination yearRevolving loansRevolving loans converted to term loansTotal
(in millions)20222021202020192018Prior
March 31, 2022
Commercial and industrial
Pass$25,954 49,141 16,084 19,801 6,756 11,769 221,270 643 351,418 
Criticized330 1,470 819 946 1,121 928 5,094 11 10,719 
Total commercial and industrial26,284 50,611 16,903 20,747 7,877 12,697 226,364 654 362,137 
Real estate mortgage
Pass9,636 36,066 15,336 17,767 11,912 21,815 5,009  117,541 
Criticized450 3,260 1,083 2,616 1,497 2,804 244  11,954 
Total real estate mortgage10,086 39,326 16,419 20,383 13,409 24,619 5,253  129,495 
Real estate construction
Pass913 6,255 3,866 4,216 2,055 561 1,043 1 18,910 
Criticized195 475 205 534 227 67   1,703 
Total real estate construction1,108 6,730 4,071 4,750 2,282 628 1,043 1 20,613 
Lease financing
Pass611 4,152 2,777 2,245 1,203 2,361   13,349 
Criticized77 275 217 249 154 148   1,120 
Total lease financing688 4,427 2,994 2,494 1,357 2,509   14,469 
Total commercial loans$38,166 101,094 40,387 48,374 24,925 40,453 232,660 655 526,714 
Term loans by origination yearRevolving loansRevolving loans converted to term loansTotal
20212020201920182017Prior
December 31, 2021
Commercial and industrial
Pass$65,562 15,193 20,553 7,400 3,797 13,985 211,452 679 338,621 
Criticized1,657 884 1,237 1,256 685 551 5,528 17 11,815 
Total commercial and industrial67,219 16,077 21,790 8,656 4,482 14,536 216,980 696 350,436 
Real estate mortgage
Pass38,196 15,929 19,013 12,618 7,451 16,026 5,411 114,647 
Criticized3,462 1,119 2,975 1,834 875 2,421 400 — 13,086 
Total real estate mortgage41,658 17,048 21,988 14,452 8,326 18,447 5,811 127,733 
Real estate construction
Pass5,895 4,058 4,549 2,167 379 329 1,042 18,421 
Criticized510 266 586 234 68 — — 1,671 
Total real estate construction6,405 4,324 5,135 2,401 447 336 1,042 20,092 
Lease financing
Pass4,100 3,012 2,547 1,373 838 1,805 — — 13,675 
Criticized284 246 282 184 86 102 — — 1,184 
Total lease financing4,384 3,258 2,829 1,557 924 1,907 — — 14,859 
Total commercial loans$119,666 40,707 51,742 27,066 14,179 35,226 223,833 701 513,120 
Wells Fargo & Company77


Note 4: Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)
Table 4.8 provides past due information for commercial loans, which we monitor as part of our credit risk management
practices; however, delinquency is not a primary credit quality indicator for commercial loans.

Table 4.8:Commercial Loan Categories by Delinquency Status
(in millions)Commercial
and
industrial
Real
estate
mortgage
Real
estate
construction
Lease
financing
Total
March 31, 2022
By delinquency status:
Current-29 days past due (DPD) and still accruing$360,333 127,757 20,513 14,221 522,824 
30-89 DPD and still accruing819 625 95 131 1,670 
90+ DPD and still accruing186 80 1  267 
Nonaccrual loans799 1,033 4 117 1,953 
Total commercial loans$362,137 129,495 20,613 14,469 526,714 
December 31, 2021
By delinquency status:
Current-29 DPD and still accruing$348,033 126,184 19,900 14,568 508,685 
30-89 DPD and still accruing1,217 285 179 143 1,824 
90+ DPD and still accruing206 29 — — 235 
Nonaccrual loans980 1,235 13 148 2,376 
Total commercial loans$350,436 127,733 20,092 14,859 513,120 

CONSUMER CREDIT QUALITY INDICATORSWe have various classes of consumer loans that present unique credit risks. Loan delinquency, FICO credit scores and loan-to-value (LTV) for residential mortgage loans are the primary credit quality indicators that we monitor and utilize in our evaluation of the appropriateness of the ACL for the consumer loan portfolio segment.
Many of our loss estimation techniques used for the ACL for loans rely on delinquency-based models; therefore, delinquency is an important indicator of credit quality in the establishment of our ACL for consumer loans.
Table 4.9 provides the outstanding balances of our consumer loan portfolio by delinquency status. Credit quality information is provided with the year of origination for term loans. Revolving loans may convert to term loans as a result of a contractual provision in the original loan agreement or if modified in a TDR. The revolving loans converted to term loans in the credit card loan category represent credit card loans with modified terms that require payment over a specific term.
Payment deferral activities in the residential mortgage portfolio instituted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic could continue to delay the recognition of delinquencies for residential mortgage customers who otherwise would have moved into past due status.


78Wells Fargo & Company



Table 4.9:Consumer Loan Categories by Delinquency Status and Vintage
Term loans by origination yearRevolving loansRevolving loans converted to term loans
(in millions)20222021202020192018PriorTotal
March 31, 2022
Residential mortgage – first lien
By delinquency status:
Current-29 DPD$18,386 68,443 39,567 22,814 6,951 69,780 4,671 1,788 232,400 
30-59 DPD49 97 20 31 12 430 13 32 684 
60-89 DPD 13 5 1 5 122 5 17 168 
90-119 DPD 3 2  6 59 3 10 83 
120-179 DPD 2 11 1 1 77 6 13 111 
180+ DPD  41 39 40 929 30 147 1,226 
Government insured/guaranteed
loans (1)
1 25 124 167 283 9,970   10,570 
Total residential mortgage – first lien18,436 68,583 39,770 23,053 7,298 81,367 4,728 2,007 245,242 
Residential mortgage – junior lien
By delinquency status:
Current-29 DPD5 31 19 28 24 652 9,695 4,516 14,970 
30-59 DPD   1  10 18 38 67 
60-89 DPD     4 7 20 31 
90-119 DPD     2 5 12 19 
120-179 DPD     4 5 17 26 
180+ DPD     35 51 193 279 
Total residential mortgage – junior lien5 31 19 29 24 707 9,781 4,796 15,392 
Credit cards
By delinquency status:
Current-29 DPD      37,844 195 38,039 
30-59 DPD      169 10 179 
60-89 DPD      119 8 127 
90-119 DPD      100 6 106 
120-179 DPD      185 3 188 
180+ DPD         
Total credit cards      38,417 222 38,639 
Auto
By delinquency status:
Current-29 DPD7,230 26,314 10,965 7,331 2,721 1,511   56,072 
30-59 DPD9 251 158 125 60 67   670 
60-89 DPD 94 57 45 20 25   241 
90-119 DPD 41 24 17 7 9   98 
120-179 DPD 1 1      2 
180+ DPD         
Total auto7,239 26,701 11,205 7,518 2,808 1,612   57,083 
Other consumer
By delinquency status:
Current-29 DPD985 1,892 579 576 153 198 24,155 132 28,670 
30-59 DPD 5 2 3 1 1 10 3 25 
60-89 DPD 3 1 1 1 1 4 1 12 
90-119 DPD 3 1 1 1  3 1 10 
120-179 DPD      7 3 10 
180+ DPD     1 1 8 10 
Total other consumer985 1,903 583 581 156 201 24,180 148 28,737 
Total consumer loans$26,665 97,218 51,577 31,181 10,286 83,887 77,106 7,173 385,093 
(continued on following page)
Wells Fargo & Company79


Note 4: Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)
(continued from previous page)
Term loans by origination yearRevolving loansRevolving loans converted to term loans
(in millions)20212020201920182017PriorTotal
December 31, 2021
Residential mortgage – first lien
By delinquency status:
Current-29 DPD$69,994 41,527 24,887 7,660 13,734 61,576 5,248 1,673 226,299 
30-59 DPD129 27 30 12 24 418 14 29 683 
60-89 DPD10 — 126 15 170 
90-119 DPD— 53 74 
120-179 DPD16 63 14 103 
180+ DPD— 62 72 71 92 1,294 36 156 1,783 
Government insured/guaranteed
loans (1)
14 134 209 349 364 12,088 — — 13,158 
Total residential mortgage – first lien70,148 41,774 25,203 8,095 14,223 75,618 5,313 1,896 242,270 
Residential mortgage – junior lien
By delinquency status:
Current-29 DPD28 20 30 26 21 700 10,883 4,426 16,134 
30-59 DPD— — — — 10 29 46 86 
60-89 DPD— — — — — 10 21 35 
90-119 DPD— — — — 12 20 
120-179 DPD— — — — — 14 26 
180+ DPD— — — — 40 59 217 317 
Total residential mortgage – junior lien28 20 31 27 22 762 10,992 4,736 16,618 
Credit cards
By delinquency status:
Current-29 DPD— — — — — — 37,686 192 37,878 
30-59 DPD— — — — — — 176 183 
60-89 DPD— — — — — — 118 123 
90-119 DPD— — — — — — 98 103 
120-179 DPD— — — — — — 165 166 
180+ DPD— — — — — — — — — 
Total credit cards— — — — — — 38,243 210 38,453 
Auto
By delinquency status:
Current-29 DPD29,246 12,412 8,476 3,271 1,424 714 — — 55,543 
30-59 DPD220 193 165 81 46 57 — — 762 
60-89 DPD69 67 53 25 14 21 — — 249 
90-119 DPD31 27 22 — — 103 
120-179 DPD— — — — — — 
180+ DPD— — — — — — — — — 
Total auto29,566 12,700 8,717 3,386 1,490 800 — — 56,659 
Other consumer
By delinquency status:
Current-29 DPD2,221 716 703 203 107 125 23,988 143 28,206 
30-59 DPD— 10 25 
60-89 DPD— 13 
90-119 DPD— — — 
120-179 DPD— — — — — — 10 
180+ DPD— — — — — 11 
Total other consumer2,227 720 710 206 107 129 24,016 159 28,274 
Total consumer loans$101,969 55,214 34,661 11,714 15,842 77,309 78,564 7,001 382,274 
(1)Represents loans whose repayments are predominantly insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Loans insured/guaranteed by the FHA/VA and 90+ DPD totaled $3.8 billion and $5.7 billion at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.
Of the $2.2 billion of consumer loans not government insured/guaranteed that are 90 days or more past due at March 31, 2022, $409 million was accruing, compared with
$2.7 billion past due and $424 million accruing at December 31, 2021.

80Wells Fargo & Company



We obtain Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) scores and updated loan-to-value (LTV)/
combined LTV (CLTV). We obtain FICO scores at loan origination and the scores are generally updated at least quarterly, except in limited circumstances, including compliance with the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA). Generally, the LTV and CLTV indicators are updated in the second month of each quarter, with updates no older than June 30, 2017. See the “Purchased Credit-Impaired Loans” section in this Note for credit quality information on our PCI portfolio.
Note 5: Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

COMMERCIAL CREDIT QUALITY INDICATORS In addition to monitoring commercial loan concentration risk, we manage a consistent process for assessing commercial loan credit quality. Generally, commercial loans are subject to individual risk assessment using our internal borrower and collateral quality ratings. Our ratings are aligned to Pass and Criticized categories. The Criticized category includes Special Mention, Substandard, and Doubtful categories which are defined by bank regulatory agencies.
Table 5.8 provides a breakdown of outstanding commercial loans by risk category. Of the $18.7 billion in criticized commercial and industrial loans and $5.1 billion in criticized commercial real estate (CRE) loans at September 30, 2017, $2.4 billion and $631 million, respectively, have been placed on nonaccrual status and written down to net realizable collateral value.

Table 5.8:Commercial Loans by Risk Category
(in millions)
Commercial
and
industrial

 
Real
estate
mortgage

 
Real
estate
construction

 
Lease
financing

 Total
September 30, 2017         
By risk category:         
Pass$309,149
 123,547
 24,189
 18,004
 474,889
Criticized18,679
 4,820
 321
 1,207
 25,027
Total commercial loans (excluding PCI)327,828
 128,367
 24,510
 19,211
 499,916
Total commercial PCI loans (carrying value)116
 108
 10
 
 234
Total commercial loans$327,944
 128,475
 24,520
 19,211
 500,150
December 31, 2016         
By risk category:         
Pass$308,166
 126,793
 23,408
 17,899
 476,266
Criticized22,437
 5,315
 451
 1,390
 29,593
Total commercial loans (excluding PCI)330,603
 132,108
 23,859
 19,289
 505,859
Total commercial PCI loans (carrying value)237
 383
 57
 
 677
Total commercial loans$330,840
 132,491
 23,916
 19,289
 506,536

Table 5.9 provides past due information for commercial loans, which we monitor as part of our credit risk management practices.
Table 5.9:Commercial Loans by Delinquency Status
(in millions)
Commercial
and
industrial

 
Real
estate
mortgage

 
Real
estate
construction

 
Lease
financing

 Total
September 30, 2017         
By delinquency status:         
Current-29 days past due (DPD) and still accruing$324,706
 127,438
 24,378
 18,993
 495,515
30-89 DPD and still accruing698
 325
 94
 137
 1,254
90+ DPD and still accruing27
 11
 
 
 38
Nonaccrual loans2,397
 593
 38
 81
 3,109
Total commercial loans (excluding PCI)327,828
 128,367
 24,510
 19,211
 499,916
Total commercial PCI loans (carrying value)116
 108
 10
 
 234
Total commercial loans$327,944
 128,475
 24,520
 19,211
 500,150
December 31, 2016         
By delinquency status:         
Current-29 DPD and still accruing$326,765
 131,165
 23,776
 19,042
 500,748
30-89 DPD and still accruing594
 222
 40
 132
 988
90+ DPD and still accruing28
 36
 
 
 64
Nonaccrual loans3,216
 685
 43
 115
 4,059
Total commercial loans (excluding PCI)330,603
 132,108
 23,859
 19,289
 505,859
Total commercial PCI loans (carrying value)237
 383
 57
 
 677
Total commercial loans$330,840
 132,491
 23,916
 19,289
 506,536


CONSUMER CREDIT QUALITY INDICATORSWe have various classes of consumer loans that present unique risks. Loan delinquency, FICO credit scores and LTV for loan types are common credit quality indicators that we monitor and utilize in our evaluation of the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses for the consumer portfolio segment.
Many of our loss estimation techniques used for the allowance for credit losses rely on delinquency-based models; therefore, delinquency is an important indicator of credit quality and the establishment of our allowance for credit losses. Table 5.10 provides the outstanding balances of our consumer portfolio by delinquency status.
Table 5.10:Consumer Loans by Delinquency Status
(in millions)
Real estate
1-4 family
first
mortgage

 
Real estate
1-4 family
junior lien
mortgage

 
Credit
card

 Automobile
 
Other
revolving
credit and
installment

 Total
September 30, 2017           
By delinquency status:           
Current-29 DPD$248,896
 40,242
 35,297
 53,684
 38,316
 416,435
30-59 DPD1,895
 308
 282
 1,287
 146
 3,918
60-89 DPD687
 147
 195
 349
 102
 1,480
90-119 DPD339
 86
 168
 127
 79
 799
120-179 DPD263
 94
 288
 7
 26
 678
180+ DPD1,186
 246
 19
 1
 25
 1,477
Government insured/guaranteed loans (1)13,606
 
 
 
 
 13,606
Total consumer loans (excluding PCI)266,872
 41,123
 36,249
 55,455
 38,694
 438,393
Total consumer PCI loans (carrying value)13,301
 29
 
 
 
 13,330
Total consumer loans$280,173
 41,152
 36,249
 55,455
 38,694
 451,723
December 31, 2016           
By delinquency status:           
Current-29 DPD$239,061
 45,238
 35,773
 60,572
 39,833
 420,477
30-59 DPD1,904
 296
 275
 1,262
 177
 3,914
60-89 DPD700
 160
 200
 330
 111
 1,501
90-119 DPD307
 102
 169
 116
 93
 787
120-179 DPD323
 108
 279
 5
 30
 745
180+ DPD1,661
 297
 4
 1
 22
 1,985
Government insured/guaranteed loans (1)15,605
 
 
 
 
 15,605
Total consumer loans (excluding PCI)259,561
 46,201
 36,700
 62,286
 40,266
 445,014
Total consumer PCI loans (carrying value)16,018
 36
 
 
 
 16,054
Total consumer loans$275,579
 46,237
 36,700
 62,286
 40,266
 461,068
(1)
Represents loans whose repayments are predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA. Loans insured/guaranteed by the FHA/VA and 90+ DPD totaled $8.8 billion at September 30, 2017, compared with $10.1 billion at December 31, 2016.
Of the $3.0 billion of consumer loans not government insured/guaranteed that are 90 days or more past due at September 30, 2017, $923 million was accruing, compared with $3.5 billion past due and $908 million accruing at December 31, 2016.
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage loans 180 days or more past due totaled $1.2 billion, or 0.4% of total first mortgages (excluding PCI), at September 30, 2017, compared with $1.7 billion, or 0.6%, at December 31, 2016.
Note 5: Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

Table 5.11 provides a breakdown of our consumer portfolio by FICO. The September 30, 2017 FICO scores for real estate 1-4 family first and junior lien mortgages reflect a new FICO score version we adopted in first quarter 2017 to monitor and manage those portfolios. In general the impact for us is a shift to higher scores, particularly to the 800+ level, as the new FICO score version utilizes a more refined approach that better distinguishes borrower credit risk. Most of the scored consumer portfolio has
an updated FICO of 680 and above, reflecting a strong current borrower credit profile. FICO isare not available for certain loan types or may not be required if we deem it unnecessary due to strong collateral and other borrower attributes. Substantially all loans not requiring a FICO score are
securities-based loans originated throughby our retail brokerage and totaled $8.1 billion at September 30, 2017, and $8.0 billion at December 31, 2016.business.
Table 4.10 provides the outstanding balances of our consumer loan portfolio by FICO score. Substantially allof the scored consumer portfolio has an updated FICO score of 680 or above.

Table 5.11:4.10:Consumer LoansLoan Categories by FICO and Vintage
Term loans by origination yearRevolving loansRevolving loans converted to term loans
(in millions)20222021202020192018PriorTotal
March 31, 2022
By FICO:
Residential mortgage – first lien
800+$6,959 41,019 27,546 15,795 4,757 43,819 2,327 533 142,755 
760-7998,055 18,449 8,173 4,520 1,219 11,509 927 280 53,132 
720-7592,485 6,500 2,683 1,699 593 6,619 595 256 21,430 
680-719707 1,811 795 558 250 3,739 359 208 8,427 
640-679164 490 243 149 93 1,819 167 142 3,267 
600-63932 103 62 57 32 1,012 80 84 1,462 
< 6001 23 22 14 18 1,007 103 129 1,317 
No FICO available32 163 122 94 53 1,873 170 375 2,882 
Government insured/guaranteed loans (1)1 25 124 167 283 9,970   10,570 
Total residential mortgage – first lien18,436 68,583 39,770 23,053 7,298 81,367 4,728 2,007 245,242 
Residential mortgage – junior lien
800+     170 4,987 1,561 6,718 
760-799     102 1,884 809 2,795 
720-759     114 1,290 777 2,181 
680-719     105 752 634 1,491 
640-679     56 293 323 672 
600-639     33 141 192 366 
< 600     42 147 210 399 
No FICO available5 31 19 29 24 85 287 290 770 
Total residential mortgage – junior lien5 31 19 29 24 707 9,781 4,796 15,392 
Credit card
800+      4,468 2 4,470 
760-799      6,070 8 6,078 
720-759      8,383 27 8,410 
680-719      9,129 49 9,178 
640-679      5,866 46 5,912 
600-639      2,284 32 2,316 
< 600      2,124 57 2,181 
No FICO available      93 1 94 
Total credit card      38,417 222 38,639 
Auto
800+1,486 4,161 1,836 1,485 586 301   9,855 
760-7991,323 4,418 1,850 1,323 471 220   9,605 
720-7591,214 4,229 1,826 1,279 473 237   9,258 
680-7191,227 4,316 1,953 1,217 427 226   9,366 
640-6791,034 4,003 1,548 859 303 179   7,926 
600-639641 2,741 952 524 198 144   5,200 
< 600314 2,804 1,237 816 337 291   5,799 
No FICO available 29 3 15 13 14   74 
Total auto7,239 26,701 11,205 7,518 2,808 1,612   57,083 
Other consumer
800+222 393 147 103 25 46 1,171 25 2,132 
760-799244 407 114 89 23 23 715 18 1,633 
720-759209 383 103 89 29 20 629 20 1,482 
680-719153 295 80 79 28 19 586 18 1,258 
640-67968 156 37 43 16 12 306 16 654 
600-63914 46 11 15 7 6 111 10 220 
< 6003 29 12 19 9 7 108 11 198 
No FICO available72 194 79 144 19 68 1,167 30 1,773 
FICO not required      19,387  19,387 
Total other consumer985 1,903 583 581 156 201 24,180 148 28,737 
Total consumer loans$26,665 97,218 51,577 31,181 10,286 83,887 77,106 7,173 385,093 

(continued on following page)
(in millions)
Real estate
1-4 family
first
mortgage (1)

 
Real estate
1-4 family
junior lien
mortgage (1)

 
Credit
card

 Automobile
 
Other
revolving
credit and
installment (1)

 Total
September 30, 2017           
By FICO:           
< 600$5,416
 1,842
 3,436
 9,245
 871
 20,810
600-6393,630
 1,313
 2,970
 5,961
 919
 14,793
640-6797,123
 2,512
 5,468
 8,146
 1,994
 25,243
680-71915,039
 5,001
 7,300
 9,189
 3,696
 40,225
720-75928,453
 6,506
 7,721
 8,018
 5,203
 55,901
760-79954,885
 7,561
 6,108
 6,612
 6,493
 81,659
800+133,164
 15,574
 2,880
 7,987
 8,620
 168,225
No FICO available5,556
 814
 366
 297
 2,761
 9,794
FICO not required
 
 
 
 8,137
 8,137
Government insured/guaranteed loans (2)13,606
 
 
 
 
 13,606
Total consumer loans (excluding PCI)266,872
 41,123
 36,249
 55,455
 38,694
 438,393
Total consumer PCI loans (carrying value)13,301
 29
 
 
 
 13,330
Total consumer loans$280,173
 41,152
 36,249
 55,455
 38,694
 451,723
December 31, 2016          

By FICO:          
< 600$6,720
 2,591
 3,475
 9,934
 976
 23,696
600-6395,400
 1,917
 3,109
 6,705
 1,056
 18,187
640-67910,975
 3,747
 5,678
 10,204
 2,333
 32,937
680-71923,300
 6,432
 7,382
 11,233
 4,302
 52,649
720-75938,832
 9,413
 7,632
 8,769
 5,869
 70,515
760-799103,608
 14,929
 6,191
 8,164
 8,348
 141,240
800+49,508
 6,391
 2,868
 6,856
 6,434
 72,057
No FICO available5,613
 781
 365
 421
 2,906
 10,086
FICO not required
 
 
 
 8,042
 8,042
Government insured/guaranteed loans (2)15,605
 
 
 
 
 15,605
Total consumer loans (excluding PCI)259,561
 46,201
 36,700
 62,286
 40,266
 445,014
Total consumer PCI loans (carrying value)16,018
 36
 
 
 
 16,054
Total consumer loans$275,579
 46,237
 36,700
 62,286
 40,266
 461,068
(1)
The September 30, 2017, amounts reflect updated FICO score version implemented in first quarter 2017.
Wells Fargo & Company
81
(2)Represents loans whose repayments are predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA.


Note 4: Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)
(continued from previous page)
Term loans by origination yearRevolving loansRevolving loans converted to term loans
(in millions)20212020201920182017PriorTotal
December 31, 2021
By FICO:
Residential mortgage – first lien
800+$35,935 27,396 16,583 5,153 9,430 37,495 2,554 469 135,015 
760-79923,645 9,814 5,412 1,464 2,485 10,509 1,073 265 54,667 
720-7597,842 3,083 1,980 642 1,137 6,277 646 238 21,845 
680-7191,986 876 645 283 501 3,682 393 206 8,572 
640-679449 233 187 89 129 1,851 188 146 3,272 
600-639101 63 46 31 41 1,035 102 89 1,508 
< 60015 13 24 19 41 1,083 114 124 1,433 
No FICO available161 162 117 65 95 1,598 243 359 2,800 
Government insured/guaranteed loans (1)14 134 209 349 364 12,088 — — 13,158 
Total residential mortgage – first lien70,148 41,774 25,203 8,095 14,223 75,618 5,313 1,896 242,270 
Residential mortgage – junior lien
800+— — — — — 188 5,512 1,481 7,181 
760-799— — — — — 110 2,154 828 3,092 
720-759— — — — — 130 1,462 790 2,382 
680-719— — — — — 118 881 633 1,632 
640-679— — — — — 65 325 338 728 
600-639— — — — — 39 160 208 407 
< 600— — — — — 43 164 215 422 
No FICO available28 20 31 27 22 69 334 243 774 
Total residential mortgage – junior lien28 20 31 27 22 762 10,992 4,736 16,618 
Credit card
800+— — — — — — 4,247 4,248 
760-799— — — — — — 6,053 6,060 
720-759— — — — — — 8,475 26 8,501 
680-719— — — — — — 9,136 50 9,186 
640-679— — — — — — 5,850 47 5,897 
600-639— — — — — — 2,298 31 2,329 
< 600— — — — — — 2,067 47 2,114 
No FICO available— — — — — — 117 118 
Total credit card— — — — — — 38,243 210 38,453 
Auto
800+4,688 1,983 1,680 690 318 108 — — 9,467 
760-7994,967 2,123 1,586 586 234 87 — — 9,583 
720-7594,789 2,104 1,503 583 241 106 — — 9,326 
680-7195,005 2,282 1,441 526 218 111 — — 9,583 
640-6794,611 1,824 1,025 369 160 99 — — 8,088 
600-6393,118 1,114 617 243 117 92 — — 5,301 
< 6002,372 1,236 853 376 193 187 — — 5,217 
No FICO available16 34 12 13 10 — — 94 
Total auto29,566 12,700 8,717 3,386 1,490 800 — — 56,659 
Other consumer
800+450 162 128 34 47 1,343 22 2,194 
760-799502 147 117 33 22 819 19 1,666 
720-759461 134 115 38 18 714 22 1,511 
680-719349 95 99 37 15 630 22 1,256 
640-679170 44 55 21 328 17 649 
600-63942 13 19 117 216 
< 60018 12 22 11 114 12 197 
No FICO available235 113 155 23 62 10 1,236 36 1,870 
FICO not required— — — — — — 18,715 — 18,715 
Total other consumer2,227 720 710 206 107 129 24,016 159 28,274 
Total consumer loans$101,969 55,214 34,661 11,714 15,842 77,309 78,564 7,001 382,274 
(1)Represents loans whose repayments are predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA.
LTV refers to the ratio comparing the loan’s unpaid principal balance to the property’s collateral value. CLTVCombined LTV (CLTV) refers to the combination of first lien mortgage and junior lien mortgage (including unused line amounts for credit line products) ratios. We obtain LTVs and CLTVs are updated quarterly using a cascade approach which first uses values provided by automated valuation models (AVMs) for the property. If an AVM is not
available, then the value is estimated using the original appraised value adjusted by the change in Home Price Index (HPI) for the property location. If an HPI is not available, the original appraised value is used. The HPI value is normally the only method considered for high value properties, generally with an original value of $1 million or more, as the AVM values have proven less accurate for these properties. Generally, we obtain available LTVs
82Wells Fargo & Company



Table 5.12 shows the most updated LTV
and CLTV distribution of the real estate 1-4 family first and junior lien mortgage loan portfolios. We consider the trends in residential real estate markets as we monitor credit risk and establish our allowance for credit losses. In the event ofCLTVs on a default, any loss should be limited to the portion of the loan amount in excess of the net realizable value of the underlying real estate collateral value.quarterly basis. Certain loans do not have an LTV or CLTV due to a lack of industry data availability and portfolios acquired from or serviced by other institutions.

Table 4.11 shows the most updated LTV and CLTV distribution of the residential mortgage – first lien and residential mortgage – junior lien loan portfolios.
Table 5.12:4.11:Consumer LoansLoan Categories by LTV/CLTV and Vintage
Term loans by origination yearRevolving loansRevolving loans converted to term loans
(in millions)20222021202020192018PriorTotal
March 31, 2022
Residential mortgage – first lien
By LTV:
0-60%$7,187 27,906 24,257 15,714 5,040 64,410 3,997 1,772 150,283 
60.01-80%10,940 39,437 14,916 6,725 1,808 6,340 549 177 80,892 
80.01-100%290 1,056 354 359 121 342 111 39 2,672 
100.01-120% (1) 25 26 18 8 45 22 5 149 
> 120% (1) 12 5 5 1 29 12 3 67 
No LTV available18 122 88 65 37 231 37 11 609 
Government insured/guaranteed loans (2)1 25 124 167 283 9,970   10,570 
Total residential mortgage – first lien18,436 68,583 39,770 23,053 7,298 81,367 4,728 2,007 245,242 
Residential mortgage – junior lien
By CLTV:
0-60%     450 7,388 3,707 11,545 
60.01-80%     145 1,875 793 2,813 
80.01-100%     43 403 223 669 
100.01-120% (1)     9 73 34 116 
> 120% (1)     2 25 10 37 
No CLTV available5 31 19 29 24 58 17 29 212 
Total residential mortgage – junior lien5 31 19 29 24 707 9,781 4,796 15,392 
Total$18,441 68,614 39,789 23,082 7,322 82,074 14,509 6,803 260,634 
Term loans by origination yearRevolving loansRevolving loans converted to term loans
20212020201920182017PriorTotal
December 31, 2021
Residential mortgage – first lien
By LTV:
0-60%$26,618 22,882 16,063 5,310 11,030 57,880 4,348 1,644 145,775 
60.01-80%42,893 18,188 8,356 2,234 2,647 5,017 674 188 80,197 
80.01-100%486 437 474 147 134 339 157 42 2,216 
100.01-120% (1)10 31 24 11 48 33 172 
> 120% (1)10 10 35 14 84 
No LTV available122 92 67 40 38 211 87 11 668 
Government insured/guaranteed loans (2)14 134 209 349 364 12,088 — — 13,158 
Total residential mortgage – first lien70,148 41,774 25,203 8,095 14,223 75,618 5,313 1,896 242,270 
Residential mortgage – junior lien
By CLTV:
0-60%— — — — — 475 7,949 3,588 12,012 
60.01-80%— — — — — 172 2,329 823 3,324 
80.01-100%— — — — — 55 554 241 850 
100.01-120% (1)— — — — — 13 104 42 159 
> 120% (1)— — — — — 35 13 51 
No CLTV available28 20 31 27 22 44 21 29 222 
Total residential mortgage – junior lien28 20 31 27 22 762 10,992 4,736 16,618 
Total$70,176 41,794 25,234 8,122 14,245 76,380 16,305 6,632 258,888 
(1)Reflects total loan balances with LTV/CLTV amounts in excess of 100%. In the event of default, the loss content would generally be limited to only the amount in excess of 100% LTV/CLTV.
(2)Represents loans whose repayments are predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA.

  September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
(in millions)
Real estate
1-4 family
first
mortgage
by LTV

 
Real estate
1-4 family
junior lien
mortgage
by CLTV

 Total
 
Real estate
1-4 family
first
mortgage
by LTV

 
Real estate
1-4 family
junior lien
mortgage
by CLTV

 Total
By LTV/CLTV:           
0-60%$130,463
 16,168
 146,631
 121,430
 16,464
 137,894
60.01-80%104,674
 13,447
 118,121
 101,726
 15,262
 116,988
80.01-100%14,179
 7,136
 21,315
 15,795
 8,765
 24,560
100.01-120% (1)2,000
 2,746
 4,746
 2,644
 3,589
 6,233
> 120% (1)840
 1,154
 1,994
 1,066
 1,613
 2,679
No LTV/CLTV available1,110
 472
 1,582
 1,295
 508
 1,803
Government insured/guaranteed loans (2)13,606
 
 13,606
 15,605
 
 15,605
Total consumer loans (excluding PCI)266,872
 41,123
 307,995
 259,561
 46,201
 305,762
Total consumer PCI loans (carrying value)13,301
 29
 13,330
 16,018
 36
 16,054
Total consumer loans$280,173
 41,152
 321,325
 275,579
 46,237
 321,816
(1)Reflects total loan balances with LTV/CLTV amounts in excess of 100%. In the event of default, the loss content would generally be limited to only the amount in excess of 100% LTV/CLTV.Wells Fargo & Company83
(2)Represents loans whose repayments are predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA.


Note 4: Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)
NONACCRUAL LOANSTable 5.134.12 provides loans on nonaccrual status. PCINonaccrual loans are excludedmay have an ACL or a negative allowance for credit losses from this table because theyexpected recoveries of amounts previously written off. Customer payment deferral activities in
the residential mortgage portfolio instituted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic could continue to earn interest fromaccretable yield, independentdelay the recognition of performance in accordance with their contractual terms.nonaccrual loans for those residential mortgage customers who would have otherwise moved into nonaccrual status.
Table 5.13:4.12:Nonaccrual Loans
Amortized costRecognized interest income
Nonaccrual loansNonaccrual loans without related allowance for credit losses (1)Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
20222021
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial$799 980 191 190 22 31 
Real estate mortgage1,033 1,235 50 66 17 11 
Real estate construction4 13 2  — 
Lease financing117 148 7  — 
Total commercial1,953 2,376 250 270 39 42 
Consumer:
Residential mortgage- first lien3,873 3,803 2,764 2,722 41 37 
Residential mortgage- junior lien802 801 555 497 14 12 
Auto208 198  — 8 
Other consumer35 34  — 1 
Total consumer4,918 4,836 3,319 3,219 64 59 
Total nonaccrual loans$6,871 7,212 3,569 3,489 103 101 
(1)Nonaccrual loans may not have an allowance for credit losses if the loss expectations are zero given solid collateral value.
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

Commercial:     
Commercial and industrial$2,397
 3,216
Real estate mortgage593
 685
Real estate construction38
 43
Lease financing81
 115
Total commercial3,109
 4,059
Consumer:   
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage (1)4,213
 4,962
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage1,101
 1,206
Automobile137
 106
Other revolving credit and installment59
 51
Total consumer (2)5,510
 6,325
Total nonaccrual loans
(excluding PCI)
$8,619
 10,384
(1)
Includes MHFS of $133 million and $149 million at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively.
(2)
Includes an incremental $171 million of nonaccrual loans at September 30, 2017, reflecting updated industry regulatory guidance related to loans in bankruptcy.
LOANS IN PROCESS OF FORECLOSUREOur recorded investment in consumer mortgage loans collateralized by residential real estate property that are in process of foreclosure was $6.7 billion$997 million and $8.1 billion$694 million at September 30, 2017March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2016,2021, respectively, which included $4.1 billion$834 million and $4.8 billion,$583 million, respectively, of loans that are government insured/guaranteed. WeUnder the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau guidelines, we do not commence the foreclosure process on consumer real estateresidential mortgage loans when a borrower becomesuntil after the loan is 120 days delinquent in accordance with Consumer Finance Protection Bureau Guidelines.delinquent. Foreclosure procedures and timelines vary depending on whether the property address resides in a judicial or non-judicial state. Judicial states require the foreclosure to be processed through the state’s courts while non-judicial states are processed without court intervention. Foreclosure timelines vary according to state law.

Note 5: Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

84Wells Fargo & Company



LOANS 90 DAYS OR MORE PAST DUE AND STILL ACCRUINGCertain loans 90 days or more past due as to interest or principal are still accruing, because they are (1) well-secured and in the process of collection or (2) real estate 1-4 familyresidential mortgage loans or consumer loans exempt under regulatory rules from being classified as nonaccrual until later delinquency, usually 120 days past due. PCI loans of $1.4 billion at September 30, 2017, and $2.0 billion at December 31, 2016, are not included in these past due and still accruing loans even when they are 90 days or more contractually past due. These PCI loans are considered to be accruingbecause they continue to earn interest from accretable yield, independent of performance in accordance with their contractual terms.
Table 5.144.13 shows non-PCI loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing by class for loans not government insured/guaranteed.
Table 5.14:4.13:Loans 90 Days or More Past Due and Still Accruing
($ in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Total:$4,011 5,358 
Less: FHA insured/VA guaranteed (1)3,335 4,699 
Total, not government insured/guaranteed$676 659 
By segment and class, not government insured/guaranteed:
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial$186 206 
Real estate mortgage80 29 
Real estate construction1 — 
Total commercial267 235 
Consumer:
Residential mortgage – first lien14 37 
Residential mortgage – junior lien6 12 
Credit card294 269 
Auto79 88 
Other consumer16 18 
Total consumer409 424 
Total, not government insured/guaranteed$676 659 
(1)Represents loans whose repayments are predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA.
(in millions)Sep 30, 2017
 Dec 31, 2016
Total (excluding PCI):$10,227
 11,858
Less: FHA insured/guaranteed by the VA (1)(2)9,266
 10,883
Less: Student loans guaranteed under the Federal Family Education Loan Program (FFELP) (3)
 3
Total, not government insured/guaranteed$961
 972
By segment and class, not government insured/guaranteed:   
Commercial:   
Commercial and industrial$27
 28
Real estate mortgage11
 36
Total commercial38
 64
Consumer:   
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage (2)190
 175
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage (2)49
 56
Credit card475
 452
Automobile111
 112
Other revolving credit and installment98
 113
Total consumer923
 908
Total, not government insured/guaranteed$961
 972
(1)Represents loans whose repayments are predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA.
(2)Includes mortgages held for sale 90 days or more past due and still accruing.
(3)Represents loans whose repayments are largely guaranteed by agencies on behalf of the U.S. Department of Education under the FFELP. All remaining student loans guaranteed under the FFELP were sold as of March 31, 2017.

IMPAIRED LOANS Table 5.15 summarizes key information for impaired loans. Our impaired loans predominantly include loans on nonaccrual status in the commercial portfolio segment and loans modified in a TDR, whether on accrual or nonaccrual status. These impaired loans generally have estimated losses which are included in the allowance for credit losses. We have impaired loans with no allowance for credit losses when loss content has been previously recognized through charge-offs and we do not anticipate additional charge-offs or losses, or certain
loans are currently performing in accordance with their terms and for which no loss has been estimated. Impaired loans exclude PCI loans. Table 5.15 includes trial modifications that totaled $183 million at September 30, 2017, and $299 million at December 31, 2016.
For additional information on our impaired loans and allowance for credit losses, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) in our 2016 Form 10-K.
Table 5.15:Impaired Loans Summary
   Recorded investment   
(in millions)
Unpaid
principal
balance (1)

 
Impaired
loans

 
Impaired loans
with related
allowance for
credit losses

 
Related
allowance for
credit losses

September 30, 2017       
Commercial:       
Commercial and industrial$4,259
 3,098
 2,779
 518
Real estate mortgage1,541
 1,263
 1,243
 230
Real estate construction87
 53
 53
 11
Lease financing143
 107
 107
 27
Total commercial6,030
 4,521
 4,182
 786
Consumer:       
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage14,635
 12,756
 6,353
 781
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage2,206
 1,981
 1,466
 237
Credit card341
 340
 340
 129
Automobile158
 88
 33
 5
Other revolving credit and installment134
 126
 115
 31
Total consumer (2)17,474
 15,291
 8,307
 1,183
Total impaired loans (excluding PCI)$23,504
 19,812
 12,489
 1,969
December 31, 2016       
Commercial:       
Commercial and industrial$5,058
 3,742
 3,418
 675
Real estate mortgage1,777
 1,418
 1,396
 280
Real estate construction167
 93
 93
 22
Lease financing146
 119
 119
 23
Total commercial7,148
 5,372
 5,026
 1,000
Consumer:       
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage16,438
 14,362
 9,475
 1,117
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage2,399
 2,156
 1,681
 350
Credit card300
 300
 300
 104
Automobile153
 85
 31
 5
Other revolving credit and installment109
 102
 91
 17
Total consumer (2)19,399
 17,005
 11,578
 1,593
Total impaired loans (excluding PCI)$26,547
 22,377
 16,604
 2,593
(1)Excludes the unpaid principal balance for loans that have been fully charged off or otherwise have zero recorded investment.
(2)
Includes the recorded investment of $1.4 billion and $1.5 billion at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, of government insured/guaranteed loans that are predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA and generally do not have an allowance. Impaired loans may also have limited, if any, allowance when the recorded investment of the loan approximates estimated net realizable value as a result of charge-offs prior to a TDR modification.
Note 5: Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

Commitments to lend additional funds on loans whose terms have been modified in a TDRamounted to $628 million and $403 million at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
Table 5.16 provides the average recorded investment in impaired loans and the amount of interest income recognized on impaired loans by portfolio segment and class.
Table 5.16:Average Recorded Investment in Impaired Loans
 Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
 2017  2016  2017  2016 
(in millions)
Average
recorded
investment

 
Recognized
interest
income

 
Average
recorded
investment

 
Recognized
interest
income

 
Average
recorded
investment

 
Recognized
interest
income

 
Average
recorded
investment

 
Recognized
interest
income

Commercial:               
Commercial and industrial$3,208
 22
 3,961
 25
 3,460
 91
 3,350
 65
Real estate mortgage1,293
 19
 1,644
 33
 1,351
 70
 1,699
 99
Real estate construction58
 
 108
 3
 69
 3
 117
 8
Lease financing105
 1
 99
 
 110
 1
 89
 
Total commercial4,664
 42
 5,812
 61
 4,990
 165
 5,255
 172
Consumer:               
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage13,044
 180
 15,471
 203
 13,594
 555
 16,224
 635
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage2,009
 30
 2,268
 32
 2,072
 92
 2,327
 99
Credit card326
 9
 292
 9
 314
 26
 294
 26
Automobile86
 2
 90
 3
 84
 8
 95
 9
Other revolving credit and installment123
 2
 91
 2
 114
 6
 84
 5
Total consumer15,588
 223
 18,212
 249
 16,178
 687
 19,024
 774
Total impaired loans (excluding PCI)$20,252
 265
 24,024
 310
 21,168
 852
 24,279
 946
Interest income:               
Cash basis of accounting  $64
   87
   219
   274
Other (1)  201
   223
   633
   672
Total interest income  $265
   310
   852
   946
(1)Includes interest recognized on accruing TDRs, interest recognized related to certain impaired loans which have an allowance calculated using discounting, and amortization of purchase accounting adjustments related to certain impaired loans.


TROUBLED DEBT RESTRUCTURINGS (TDRs) When, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, we grant a concession for other than an insignificant period of time to a borrower that we would not otherwise consider, the related loan is classified as a TDR, the balance of which totaled $18.7$9.7 billion and $20.8$10.2 billion at September 30, 2017March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2016,2021, respectively. We do not consider loan resolutions such as foreclosure or short sale to be a TDR. In addition, COVID-related modifications are generally not classified as TDRs due to the relief under the CARES Act and the Interagency Statement. For additional information on the TDR relief, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) in our 2021 Form 10-K.
We may require some consumer borrowers experiencing financial difficulty to make trial payments generally for a period of three to four months, according to the terms of a planned permanent modification, to determine if they can perform according to those terms. These arrangements represent trial modifications, which we classify and account for as TDRs. While loans are in trial payment programs, their original terms are not considered modified and they continue to advance through delinquency status and accrue interest according to their original terms.
Commitments to lend additional funds on loans whose terms have been modified in a TDR amounted to $471 million and $431 million at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.

Table 5.174.14 summarizes our TDR modifications for the periods presented by primary modification type and includes the financial effects of these modifications. For those loans that modify more than once, the table reflects each modification that occurred during the period. Loans that both modify and payare paid off
or written-off within the period, as well as changes in recorded investment during the period for loans modified in prior periods, are not included in the table.
Table 5.17:TDR Modifications
 Primary modification type (1)  Financial effects of modifications 
(in millions)Principal (2)
 
Interest
rate
reduction

 
Other
concessions (3)

 Total
 
Charge-
offs (4)

 
Weighted
average
interest
rate
reduction

 
Recorded
investment
related to
interest rate
reduction (5)

Quarter ended September 30, 2017             
Commercial:             
Commercial and industrial$
 19
 481
 500
 60
 0.34% $18
Real estate mortgage1
 12
 98
 111
 7
 1.58
 13
Real estate construction
 
 1
 1
 
 1.85
 
Lease financing
 
 23
 23
 
 
 
Total commercial1
 31
 603
 635
 67
 0.85
 31
Consumer:             
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage48
 15
 272
 335
 2
 2.62
 41
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage3
 23
 20
 46
 4
 3.97
 26
Credit card
 74
 
 74
 
 12.00
 74
Automobile1
 4
 20
 25
 12
 5.53
 4
Other revolving credit and installment
 11
 1
 12
 
 7.72
 12
Trial modifications (6)
 
 (10) (10) 
 
 
Total consumer52
 127
 303
 482
 18
 7.68
 157
Total$53
 158
 906
 1,117
 85
 6.56% $188
Quarter ended September 30, 2016             
Commercial:             
Commercial and industrial$
 10
 1,032
 1,042
 61
 1.28% $10
Real estate mortgage
 28
 168
 196
 1
 0.99
 29
Real estate construction
 12
 
 12
 
 0.80
 12
Lease financing
 
 4
 4
 
 
 
Total commercial
 50
 1,204
 1,254
 62
 1.01
 51
Consumer:             
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage84
 79
 330
 493
 11
 2.56
 138
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage5
 25
 22
 52
 9
 3.08
 29
Credit card
 46
 
 46
 
 12.13
 46
Automobile1
 4
 15
 20
 11
 6.42
 4
Other revolving credit and installment
 9
 3
 12
 
 6.86
 9
Trial modifications (6)
 
 15
 15
 
 
 
Total consumer90
 163
 385
 638
 31
 4.82
 226
Total$90
 213
 1,589
 1,892
 93
 4.13% $277
Wells Fargo & Company85


Note 5:4: Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)(continued)

Table 4.14:TDR Modifications
Primary modification type (1)Financial effects of modifications
($ in millions)Principal forgivenessInterest
rate
reduction
Other
concessions (2)
TotalCharge-
offs (3)
Weighted
average
interest
rate
reduction
Recorded
investment
related to
interest rate
reduction (4)
Quarter ended March 31, 2022
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial$ 6 73 79  9.94 %$6 
Real estate mortgage 5 27 32  1.45 5 
Real estate construction       
Lease financing       
Total commercial 11 100 111  6.37 11 
Consumer:
Residential mortgage – first lien1 60 315 376 1 1.58 60 
Residential mortgage – junior lien 8 21 29  2.34 8 
Credit card 70  70  19.12 70 
Auto1 3 40 44 9 4.91 3 
Other consumer 3 1 4  11.64 3 
Trial modifications (5)  211 211    
Total consumer2 144 588 734 10 10.43 144 
Total$2 155 688 845 10 10.15 %$155 
Quarter ended March 31, 2021
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial$— 230 231 0.89 %$
Real estate mortgage— 100 104 — 0.93 
Real estate construction— — — — — 
Lease financing— — — — — 
Total commercial— 334 339 0.92 
Consumer:
Residential mortgage – first lien— 532 539 — 1.87 
Residential mortgage – junior lien— 13 18 2.41 
Credit card— 32 — 32 — 18.87 32 
Auto— 14 15 3.87 
Other consumer— — 12.20 
Trial modifications (5)— — — — — — — 
Total consumer— 52 560 612 14.01 52 
Total$— 57 894 951 14 12.82 %$57 
 Primary modification type (1)  Financial effects of modifications 
(in millions)Principal (2)
 
Interest
rate
reduction

 
Other
concessions (3)

 Total
 
Charge-
offs (4)

 
Weighted
average
interest
rate
reduction

 
Recorded
investment
related to
interest rate
reduction (5)

Nine months ended September 30, 2017             
Commercial:             
Commercial and industrial$17
 38
 2,323
 2,378
 154
 0.61% $37
Real estate mortgage5
 51
 416
 472
 20
 1.31
 52
Real estate construction
 1
 24
 25
 
 0.90
 1
Lease financing
 
 37
 37
 
 
 
Total commercial22
 90
 2,800
 2,912
 174
 1.02
 90
Consumer:             
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage196
 132
 797
 1,125
 14
 2.59
 227
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage23
 70
 64
 157
 13
 3.26
 80
Credit card
 188
 
 188
 
 12.21
 188
Automobile2
 11
 52
 65
 30
 5.92
 11
Other revolving credit and installment
 38
 5
 43
 1
 7.41
 38
Trial modifications (6)
 
 (54) (54) 
 
 
Total consumer221
 439
 864
 1,524
 58
 6.41
 544
Total$243
 529
 3,664
 4,436
 232
 5.64% $634
Nine months ended September 30, 2016             
Commercial:             
Commercial and industrial$42
 123
 2,361
 2,526
 304
 1.95% $123
Real estate mortgage
 81
 462
 543
 1
 1.14
 81
Real estate construction
 26
 62
 88
 
 0.94
 26
Lease financing
 
 8
 8
 
 
 
Total commercial42
 230
 2,893
 3,165
 305
 1.55
 230
Consumer:             
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage272
 222
 1,094
 1,588
 36
 2.66
 395
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage17
 81
 82
 180
 30
 3.03
 96
Credit card
 131
 
 131
 
 12.02
 131
Automobile2
 11
 44
 57
 27
 6.45
 11
Other revolving credit and installment
 25
 8
 33
 1
 6.64
 25
Trial modifications (6)
 
 47
 47
 
 
 
Total consumer291
 470
 1,275
 2,036
 94
 4.80
 658
Total$333
 700
 4,168
 5,201
 399
 3.96% $888
(1)Amounts represent the recorded investment in loans after recognizing the effects of the TDR, if any. TDRs may have multiple types of concessions, but are presented only once in the first modification type based on the order presented in the table above. The reported amounts include loans remodified of $118 million and $256 million for first quarter 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(2)Other concessions include loans with payment (principal and/or interest) deferral, loans discharged in bankruptcy, loan renewals, term extensions and other interest and noninterest adjustments, but exclude modifications that also forgive principal and/or reduce the contractual interest rate. The reported amounts include loans that are new TDRs that may have COVID-related payment deferrals and exclude COVID-related payment deferrals on loans previously reported as TDRs given limited current financial effects other than payment deferral.
(3)Charge-offs include write-downs of the investment in the loan in the period it is contractually modified. The amount of charge-off will differ from the modification terms if the loan has been charged down prior to the modification based on our policies. In addition, there may be cases where we have a charge-off/down with no legal principal modification.
(4)Recorded investment related to interest rate reduction reflects the effect of reduced interest rates on loans with an interest rate concession as one of their concession types, which includes loans reported as a principal primary modification type that also have an interest rate concession.
(5)Trial modifications are granted a delay in payments due under the original terms during the trial payment period. However, these loans continue to advance through delinquency status and accrue interest according to their original terms. Any subsequent permanent modification generally includes interest rate related concessions; however, the exact concession type and resulting financial effect are usually not known until the loan is permanently modified. Trial modifications for the period are presented net of previously reported trial modifications that became permanent in the current period.
(1)
Amounts represent the recorded investment in loans after recognizing the effects of the TDR, if any. TDRs may have multiple types of concessions, but are presented only once in the first modification type based on the order presented in the table above. The reported amounts include loans remodified of $394 million and $484 million for the quarters ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and $1.7 billion and $1.1 billion, for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively.
(2)Principal modifications include principal forgiveness at the time of the modification, contingent principal forgiveness granted over the life of the loan based on borrower performance, and principal that has been legally separated and deferred to the end of the loan, with a zero percent contractual interest rate.
(3)Other concessions include loans discharged in bankruptcy, loan renewals, term extensions and other interest and noninterest adjustments, but exclude modifications that also forgive principal and/or reduce the contractual interest rate.
(4)
Charge-offs include write-downs of the investment in the loan in the period it is contractually modified. The amount of charge-off will differ from the modification terms if the loan has been charged down prior to the modification based on our policies. In addition, there may be cases where we have a charge-off/down with no legal principal modification. Modifications resulted in legally forgiving principal (actual, contingent or deferred) of $4 million and $16 million for the quarters ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, and $23 million and $54 million for the first nine months of 2017 and 2016, respectively.
(5)Reflects the effect of reduced interest rates on loans with an interest rate concession as one of their concession types, which includes loans reported as a principal primary modification type that also have an interest rate concession.
(6)Trial modifications are granted a delay in payments due under the original terms during the trial payment period. However, these loans continue to advance through delinquency status and accrue interest according to their original terms. Any subsequent permanent modification generally includes interest rate related concessions; however, the exact concession type and resulting financial effect are usually not known until the loan is permanently modified. Trial modifications for the period are presented net of previously reported trial modifications that became permanent in the current period.

86Wells Fargo & Company



Table 5.184.15 summarizes permanent modification TDRs that have defaulted in the current period within 12 months of their permanent modification date. We are reporting these defaulted
TDRs based on a payment default definition of 90 days past due for the commercial portfolio segment and 60 days past due for the consumer portfolio segment.

Table 4.15:Defaulted TDRs
Recorded investment of defaults
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Commercial:
Commercial and industrial$49 41 
Real estate mortgage2 16 
Real estate construction — 
Lease financing — 
Total commercial51 57 
Consumer:
Residential mortgage – first lien7 
Residential mortgage – junior lien 
Credit card5 10 
Auto6 11 
Other consumer 
Total consumer18 26 
Total$69 83 


Table 5.18:Defaulted TDRs
Wells Fargo & Company87


 Recorded investment of defaults 
 Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Commercial:       
Commercial and industrial$14
 39
 106
 84
Real estate mortgage16
 7
 47
 58
Real estate construction4
 
 4
 3
Total commercial34
 46
 157
 145
Consumer:       
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage32
 36
 83
 97
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage5
 6
 14
 15
Credit card20
 15
 52
 41
Automobile4
 4
 11
 10
Other revolving credit and installment1
 
 3
 2
Total consumer62
 61
 163
 165
Total$96
 107
 320
 310
Note 5:  Leasing Activity

The information below provides a summary of our leasing activities as a lessor and lessee. See Note 5 (Leasing Activity) in our 2021 Form 10-K for additional information about our leasing activities.
Purchased Credit-Impaired LoansAs a Lessor
Noninterest income on leases, included in Table 5.1, is included in other noninterest income on our consolidated statement of income. Lease expense, included in other noninterest expense on our consolidated statement of income, was $188 million and $226 million in first quarter 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Table 5.1:Leasing Revenue
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Interest income on lease financing$152 181 
Other lease revenues:
Variable revenues on lease financing30 26 
Fixed revenues on operating leases245 260 
Variable revenues on operating leases15 18 
Other lease-related revenues (1)37 11 
Noninterest income on leases327 315 
Total leasing revenue$479 496 
(1)Predominantly includes net gains (losses) on disposition of assets leased under operating leases or lease financings.

As a Lessee
Substantially all of our PCI loans were acquired from Wachovia on December 31, 2008, atleases are operating leases. Table 5.2 presents balances for our operating leases.

Table 5.2:Operating Lease Right-of-Use (ROU) Assets and Lease Liabilities
(in millions)Mar 31, 2022Dec 31, 2021
ROU assets$3,782 3,805 
Lease liabilities4,415 4,476 

Table 5.3 provides the composition of our lease costs, which time we acquired commercial and consumer loans with a carrying value of $18.7 billion and $40.1 billion, respectively. The unpaid principal balance on December 31, 2008 was $98.2 billion for the total of commercial and consumer PCI loans. Table 5.19 presents PCI loans net of any remaining purchase accounting adjustments. Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage PCI loans are predominantly Pick-a-Pay loans.included in net occupancy expense.
Table 5.19:PCI Loans5.3:Lease Costs
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Fixed lease expense – operating leases$253 265 
Variable lease expense73 78 
Other (1)(10)(3)
Total lease costs$316 340 
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

Commercial:   
Commercial and industrial$116
 237
Real estate mortgage108
 383
Real estate construction10
 57
Total commercial234
 677
Consumer:   
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage13,301
 16,018
Real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgage29
 36
Total consumer13,330
 16,054
Total PCI loans (carrying value)$13,564
 16,731
Total PCI loans (unpaid principal balance)$20,023
 24,136
(1)Predominantly includes gains recognized from sale leaseback transactions and sublease rental income.

Note 5: Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

ACCRETABLE YIELDThe excess of cash flows expected to be collected over the carrying value of PCI loans is referred to as the accretable yield and is recognized in interest income using an effective yield method over the remaining life of the loan, or pools of loans. The accretable yield is affected by:
changes in interest rate indices for variable rate PCI loans – expected future cash flows are based on the variable rates in effect at the time of the regular evaluations of cash flows expected to be collected;
changes in prepayment assumptions – prepayments affect the estimated life of PCI loans which may change the amount of interest income, and possibly principal, expected to be collected; and
changes in the expected principal and interest payments over the estimated weighted-average life – updates to expected cash flows are driven by the credit outlook and actions taken
with borrowers. Changes in expected future cash flows from loan modifications are included in the regular evaluations of cash flows expected to be collected.
The change in the accretable yield related to PCI loans since the merger with Wachovia is presented in Table 5.20. Changes during the first nine months of 2017 reflect an expectation, as a result of our quarterly evaluation of PCI cash flows, that prepayment of modified Pick-a-Pay loans will increase over their estimated weighted-average life and that expected loss has decreased as a result of reduced loan to value ratios and sustained higher housing prices in addition to improved cash flow timing. Changes during the first nine months of 2017 also reflect a $309 million gain on the sale of $569 million Pick-a-Pay PCI loans in second quarter 2017.
Table 5.20:Change in Accretable Yield
(in millions)Quarter
ended
Sep 30,
2017

 Nine months ended
Sep 30,
2017

 2009-2016
Balance, beginning of period$9,369
 11,216
 10,447
Change in accretable yield due to acquisitions
 2
 159
Accretion into interest income (1)(340) (1,071) (15,577)
Accretion into noninterest income due to sales (2)
 (334) (467)
Reclassification from nonaccretable difference for loans with improving credit-related cash flows 234
 640
 10,955
Changes in expected cash flows that do not affect nonaccretable difference (3)(20) (1,210) 5,699
Balance, end of period $9,243
 9,243
 11,216
(1)88Includes accretable yield released as a result of settlements with borrowers, which is included in interest income.Wells Fargo & Company


(2)Includes accretable yield released as a result of sales to third parties, which is included in noninterest income.
(3)Represents changes in cash flows expected to be collected due to the impact of modifications, changes in prepayment assumptions, changes in interest rates on variable rate PCI loans and sales to third parties.

COMMERCIAL PCI CREDIT QUALITY INDICATORSTable 5.21 provides a breakdown of commercial PCI loans by risk category.
Table 5.21:Commercial PCI Loans by Risk Category
(in millions)
Commercial
and
industrial

 
Real
estate
mortgage

 
Real
estate
construction

 Total
September 30, 2017       
By risk category:       
Pass$18
 81
 4
 103
Criticized98
 27
 6
 131
Total commercial PCI loans$116
 108
 10
 234
December 31, 2016       
By risk category:       
Pass$92
 263
 47
 402
Criticized145
 120
 10
 275
Total commercial PCI loans$237
 383
 57
 677


Table 5.22 provides past due information for commercial PCI loans.
Table 5.22:Commercial PCI Loans by Delinquency Status
(in millions)
Commercial
and
industrial

 
Real
estate
mortgage

 
Real
estate
construction

 Total
September 30, 2017       
By delinquency status:       
Current-29 DPD and still accruing$114
 87
 10
 211
30-89 DPD and still accruing2
 
 
 2
90+ DPD and still accruing
 21
 
 21
Total commercial PCI loans$116
 108
 10
 234
December 31, 2016       
By delinquency status:       
Current-29 DPD and still accruing$235
 353
 48
 636
30-89 DPD and still accruing2
 10
 
 12
90+ DPD and still accruing
 20
 9
 29
Total commercial PCI loans$237
 383
 57
 677
CONSUMER PCI CREDIT QUALITY INDICATORSOur consumer PCI loans were aggregated into several pools of loans at acquisition. Below, we have provided credit quality indicators based on the unpaid principal balance (adjusted for write-downs) of the individual loans included in the pool, but we have not
allocated the remaining purchase accounting adjustments, which were established at a pool level. Table 5.23 provides the delinquency status of consumer PCI loans.
Table 5.23:Consumer PCI Loans by Delinquency Status -
  September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
(in millions)
Real estate
1-4 family
first
mortgage

 
Real estate
1-4 family
junior lien
mortgage

 Total
 
Real estate
1-4 family
first
mortgage

 
Real estate
1-4 family
junior lien
mortgage

 Total
By delinquency status:           
 Current-29 DPD and still accruing$13,672
 149
 13,821
 16,095
 171
 16,266
30-59 DPD and still accruing1,410
 6
 1,416
 1,488
 7
 1,495
60-89 DPD and still accruing605
 3
 608
 668
 2
 670
90-119 DPD and still accruing257
 1
 258
 233
 2
 235
120-179 DPD and still accruing191
 1
 192
 238
 2
 240
180+ DPD and still accruing1,425
 5
 1,430
 2,081
 8
 2,089
Total consumer PCI loans (adjusted unpaid principal balance)$17,560
 165
 17,725
 20,803
 192
 20,995
Total consumer PCI loans (carrying value)$13,301
 29
 13,330
 16,018
 36
 16,054
Note 5: Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses (continued)

Table 5.24 provides FICO scores forconsumer PCI loans.

Table 5.24:Consumer PCI Loans by FICO
 September 30, 2017 (1)  December 31, 2016 
(in millions)
Real estate
1-4 family
first
mortgage

 
Real estate
1-4 family
junior lien
mortgage

 Total
 
Real estate
1-4 family
first
mortgage

 
Real estate
1-4 family
junior lien
mortgage

 Total
By FICO:           
< 600$4,175
 37
 4,212
 4,292
 46
 4,338
600-6392,153
 21
 2,174
 3,001
 26
 3,027
640-6792,496
 27
 2,523
 3,972
 35
 4,007
680-7192,359
 32
 2,391
 3,170
 37
 3,207
720-7591,840
 23
 1,863
 1,767
 24
 1,791
760-799957
 13
 970
 962
 15
 977
800+471
 7
 478
 254
 4
 258
No FICO available3,109
 5
 3,114
 3,385
 5
 3,390
Total consumer PCI loans (adjusted unpaid principal balance)$17,560
 165
 17,725
 20,803
 192
 20,995
Total consumer PCI loans (carrying value)$13,301
 29
 13,330
 16,018
 36
 16,054
(1)
September 30, 2017 amounts reflect updated FICO score version implemented in first quarter 2017.

Table 5.25 shows the distribution of consumer PCIloans by LTV for real estate 1-4 family first mortgages and byCLTV for real estate 1-4 family junior lien mortgages.
Table 5.25:Consumer PCI Loans by LTV/CLTV
 September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
(in millions)
Real estate
1-4 family
first
mortgage
by LTV

 
Real estate
1-4 family
junior lien
mortgage
by CLTV

 Total
 
Real estate
1-4 family
first
mortgage
by LTV

 
Real estate
1-4 family
junior lien
mortgage
by CLTV

 Total
By LTV/CLTV:           
0-60%$7,642
 41
 7,683
 7,513
 38
 7,551
60.01-80%7,079
 66
 7,145
 9,000
 76
 9,076
80.01-100%2,358
 42
 2,400
 3,458
 54
 3,512
100.01-120% (1)392
 12
 404
 669
 18
 687
> 120% (1)87
 3
 90
 161
 5
 166
No LTV/CLTV available2
 1
 3
 2
 1
 3
Total consumer PCI loans (adjusted unpaid principal balance)$17,560
 165
 17,725
 20,803
 192
 20,995
Total consumer PCI loans (carrying value)$13,301
 29
 13,330
 16,018
 36
 16,054
(1)Reflects total loan balances with LTV/CLTV amounts in excess of 100%. In the event of default, the loss content would generally be limited to only the amount in excess of 100% LTV/CLTV.


Note 6: Other Assets Equity Securities
Table 6.1 provides a summary of our equity securities by business purpose and accounting method.
Table 6.1: Equity Securities
(in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Held for trading at fair value:
Marketable equity securities (1)$23,739 27,476 
Nonmarketable equity securities (2)(3)10,464 — 
Total equity securities held for trading34,203 27,476 
Not held for trading:
Fair value:
Marketable equity securities2,027 2,578 
Nonmarketable equity securities (2)132 9,044 
Total equity securities not held for trading at fair value2,159 11,622 
Equity method:
Private equity2,972 3,077 
Tax-advantaged renewable energy5,018 4,740 
New market tax credit and other369 379 
Total equity method8,359 8,196 
Other methods:
Low-income housing tax credit investments12,199 12,314 
Private equity (4)10,251 9,694 
Federal Reserve Bank stock and other at cost (5)3,584 3,584 
Total equity securities not held for trading36,552 45,410 
Total equity securities$70,755 72,886 
(1)    Represents securities held as part of our customer accommodation trading activities. For additional information on these activities, see Note 2 (Trading Activities).
(2)    In first quarter 2022, we prospectively reclassified certain equity securities and related economic hedge derivatives from “not held for trading activities” to “held for trading activities” to better reflect the business activity of those financial instruments. For additional information on Trading Activities, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) in our 2021 Form 10-K.
(3)    Represents securities economically hedged with equity derivatives.
(4)    Represents nonmarketable equity securities accounted for under the measurement alternative, which were predominantly securities associated with our affiliated venture capital business.
(5)    Substantially all relates to investments in Federal Reserve Bank stock at both March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021.
Realized Gains and Losses Not Held for Trading
Table 6.2 provides a summary of the net gains and losses from equity securities not held for trading, which excludes equity method adjustments for our share of the investee’s earnings or
losses that are recognized in other noninterest income. Gains and losses for securities held for trading are reported in net gains from trading and securities.
Table 6.2:Net Gains (Losses) from Equity Securities Not Held for Trading
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Net gains (losses) from equity securities carried at fair value:
Marketable equity securities$(2)60 
Nonmarketable equity securities (1)(22)(358)
Total equity securities carried at fair value(24)(298)
Net gains (losses) from nonmarketable equity securities not carried at fair value (2):
Impairment write-downs(438)(15)
Net unrealized gains (3)690 225 
Net realized gains on sale348 55 
Total nonmarketable equity securities not carried at fair value600 265 
Net gains from economic hedge derivatives (1) 425 
Total net gains (losses) from equity securities not held for trading$576 392 
(1)In first quarter 2022, we prospectively reclassified certain equity securities and related economic hedge derivatives from “not held for trading activities” to “held for trading activities” to better reflect the business activity of those financial instruments. For additional information on Trading Activities, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) in our 2021 Form 10-K.
(2)Includes amounts related to private equity and venture capital investments in consolidated portfolio companies, which are not reported in equity securities on our consolidated balance sheet.
(3)Includes unrealized gains (losses) due to observable price changes from equity securities accounted for under the measurement alternative.
Wells Fargo & Company89


Note 6: Equity Securities (continued)

Measurement Alternative
Table 6.3 provides additional information about the impairment write-downs and observable price changes from nonmarketable
equity securities accounted for under the measurement alternative. Gains and losses related to these adjustments are also included in Table 6.2.
Table 6.3:Net Gains (Losses) from Measurement Alternative Equity Securities
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Net gains (losses) recognized in earnings during the period:
Gross unrealized gains from observable price changes$690 225 
Impairment write-downs(395)(12)
Realized net gains from sale33 — 
Total net gains recognized during the period$328 213 
Table 6.4 presents cumulative carrying value adjustments to nonmarketable equity securities accounted for under the measurement alternative that were still held at the end of each reporting period presented.
Table 6.4:Measurement Alternative Cumulative Gains (Losses)
(in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Cumulative gains (losses):
Gross unrealized gains from observable price changes$6,957 6,278 
Gross unrealized losses from observable price changes(3)(3)
Impairment write-downs(1,216)(821)

90Wells Fargo & Company


Note 7: Other Assets
Table 7.1 presents the components of other assets.
Table 6.1:7.1:Other Assets
(in millions)Mar 31, 2022Dec 31, 2021
Corporate/bank-owned life insurance$20,667 20,619 
Accounts receivable (1)25,308 20,831 
Interest receivable:
AFS and HTM debt securities1,352 1,360 
Loans1,978 1,950 
Trading and other354 305 
Operating lease assets (lessor)6,040 6,182 
Operating lease ROU assets (lessee)3,782 3,805 
Customer relationship and other amortized intangibles196 211 
Foreclosed assets130 112 
Due from customers on acceptances125 155 
Other (2)12,548 11,729 
Total other assets$72,480 67,259 
(1)Primarily includes derivatives clearinghouse receivables, trade date receivables, and servicer advances.
(2)Primarily includes income tax receivables, prepaid expenses, and private equity and venture capital investments in consolidated portfolio companies.
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

Nonmarketable equity investments:   
Cost method:   
Federal bank stock$5,839
 6,407
Private equity1,428
 1,465
Auction rate securities400
 525
Total cost method7,667
 8,397
Equity method:   
LIHTC (1)9,884
 9,714
Private equity3,758
 3,635
Tax-advantaged renewable energy1,954
 2,054
New market tax credit and other291
 305
Total equity method15,887
 15,708
Fair value (2)4,523
 3,275
Total nonmarketable equity investments28,077
 27,380
Corporate/bank-owned life insurance19,479
 19,325
Accounts receivable (3)38,284
 31,056
Interest receivable5,579
 5,339
Core deposit intangibles981
 1,620
Customer relationship and other amortized intangibles918
 1,089
Foreclosed assets:   
Residential real estate:   
Government insured/guaranteed (3)137
 197
Non-government insured/guaranteed261
 378
Non-residential real estate308
 403
Operating lease assets9,672
 10,089
Due from customers on acceptances228
 196
Other12,352
 17,469
Total other assets$116,276
 114,541
(1)Represents low income housing tax credit investments.Wells Fargo & Company91


(2)Represents nonmarketable equity investments for which we have elected the fair value option. See
Note 13 (Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities) for additional information.
(3)
Certain government-guaranteed residential real estate mortgage loans upon foreclosure are included in Accounts receivable. Both principal and interest related to these foreclosed real estate assets are collectible because the loans were predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA. For more information on the classification of certain government-guaranteed mortgage loans upon foreclosure, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in our 2016 10-K.


Table 6.2 presents income (expense) related to nonmarketable equity investments. 
Table 6.2:Nonmarketable Equity Investments
 Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Net realized gains from nonmarketable equity investments$132
 55
 506
 369
All other(184) (83) (424) (404)
Total$(52) (28) 82
 (35)
Low Income Housing Tax Credit Investments We invest in affordable housing projects that qualify for the low income housing tax credit (LIHTC), which is designed to promote private development of low income housing. These investments generate a return mostly through realization of federal tax credits.
Total LIHTC investments were $9.9 billion and $9.7 billion at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. In the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, we recognized pre-tax losses of $227 million and $684 million, respectively, related to our LIHTC investments, compared with $199 million and $600 million, respectively, for the same periods a year ago. We also recognized total tax benefits of $360 million and $1.1 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, which included tax credits recorded in income taxes of $275 million and$796 million for the same periods, respectively. In the third quarter and first nine months of 2016, total tax benefits were $308 million and $919 million, respectively, which included tax credits of $233 million and $693 million for the same periods, respectively. We are periodically required to provide additional financial support during the investment period. Our liability for these unfunded commitments was $3.1 billion at September 30, 2017 and $3.6 billion at December 31, 2016. Predominantly all of this liability is expected to be paid over the next three years. This liability is included in long-term debt.

Note 7: Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities (continued)

Note 7:8: Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities
Involvement with SPEsVariable Interest Entities (VIEs)
In the normal course of business, we enter into various types of on- and off-balance sheet transactions with SPEs,special purpose entities (SPEs), which are corporations, trusts, limited liability companies or partnerships that are established for a limited purpose. Generally, SPEs are often formed in connection with securitization transactions andwhereby financial assets are transferred to an SPE. SPEs formed in connection with securitization transactions are generally considered variable interest entities (VIEs). For further descriptionThe VIE may alter the risk profile of the asset by entering into derivative transactions or obtaining credit support, and issues various forms of interests in those assets to investors. When we transfer financial assets from our involvementconsolidated balance sheet to a VIE in connection with SPEs, see Note 8 (Securitizationsa securitization, we typically receive cash and Variable Interest Entities) to Financial Statementssometimes other interests in our 2016 Form 10-K.
We have segregated our involvementthe VIE as proceeds for the assets we transfer. In certain transactions with VIEs, between those VIEs which we consolidate, those which we do not consolidate and those for which we account formay retain the transfers of financial assets as secured borrowings. Secured borrowings are transactions involving transfers of our financial assetsright to third parties that are accounted for as financings with the assets pledged as collateral. Accordingly,service the transferred assets remain recognized onand repurchase the transferred assets if the outstanding balance of the assets falls below the level at which the cost to service the assets exceed the benefits. In addition, we may purchase the right to service loans transferred to a VIE by a third party.
In connection with our balance sheet. Subsequent tables within this Note further segregate these transactions by structure type.
Table 7.1 provides the classifications of assets and liabilities in our balance sheet for our transactions with VIEs.
Table 7.1:Balance Sheet Transactions with VIEs
(in millions)
VIEs that we
do not
consolidate

 
VIEs
that we
consolidate

Transfers that
we account
for as secured
borrowings
  Total
September 30, 2017     
Cash$
 115
 
 115
Federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments
 402
 
 402
Trading assets1,150
 130
 201
 1,481
Investment securities (1)
4,944
 
 364
 5,308
Loans4,491
 11,905
 508
 16,904
Mortgage servicing rights13,340
 
 
 13,340
Derivative assets80
 
 
 80
Other assets10,355
 352
 7
 10,714
Total assets34,360
 12,904
 1,080
 48,344
Short-term borrowings
 
 523
 523
Derivative liabilities101
 26
(2)
 127
Accrued expenses and other liabilities  
240
 141
(2)32
 413
Long-term debt  
3,103
 2,103
(2)489
 5,695
Total liabilities3,444
 2,270
 1,044
 6,758
Noncontrolling interests
 119
 
 119
Net assets$30,916
 10,515
 36
 41,467
December 31, 2016       
Cash$
 168
 
 168
Federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments
 74
 
 74
Trading assets2,034
 130
 201
 2,365
Investment securities (1)8,530
 
 786
 9,316
Loans6,698
 12,589
 138
 19,425
Mortgage servicing rights13,386
 
 
 13,386
Derivative assets91
 1
 
 92
Other assets10,281
 452
 11
 10,744
Total assets41,020
 13,414
 1,136
 55,570
Short-term borrowings
 
 905
 905
Derivative liabilities59
 33
(2)
 92
Accrued expenses and other liabilities306
 107
(2)2
 415
Long-term debt3,598
 3,694
(2)136
 7,428
Total liabilities3,963
 3,834
 1,043
 8,840
Noncontrolling interests
 138
 
 138
Net assets$37,057
 9,442
 93
 46,592
(1)Excludes certain debt securities related to loans serviced for the Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC) and GNMA.
(2)
There were nosecuritization or other VIE liabilities with recourse to the general credit of Wells Fargo for the periods presented.


Transactions with Unconsolidated VIEs
Our transactions with unconsolidated VIEs include securitizations of residential mortgage loans, CRE loans, student loans, automobile loans and leases, certain dealer floorplan loans; investment and financing activities, involving collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) backed by asset-backed and CRE securities, tax credit structures, collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) backed by corporate loans, and other types of structured financing. Wewe have various forms of ongoing involvement with VIEs, including servicing, which may include:
underwriting securities issued by VIEs and subsequently making markets in those securities;
providing credit enhancement on securities issued by VIEs through the use of letters of credit or financial guarantees;
entering into other derivative contracts with VIEs;
holding senior or subordinated interests entering into liquidity arrangements, credit default swapsin VIEs;
acting as servicer or investment manager for VIEs;
providing administrative or trustee services to VIEs; and other derivative contracts. Involvements with these unconsolidated VIEs are recorded on our balance sheet in trading assets, investment securities, loans, MSRs, derivative assets and liabilities, other assets, other liabilities, and long-term debt, as appropriate.
Table 7.2 provides a summary of unconsolidated VIEs with which we have significant continuing involvement, but we are not the primary beneficiary. We do not consider our continuing involvement in an unconsolidated VIEproviding seller financing to be significant when it relates to third-party sponsored VIEs for which we were not the transferor (unless we are servicer and have other significant forms of involvement) or if we were the sponsor only or sponsor
VIEs.

and servicer but do not have any other forms of significant involvement.
Significant continuing involvement includes transactions where we were the sponsor or transferor and have other significant forms of involvement. Sponsorship includes transactions with unconsolidated VIEs where we solely or materially participated in the initial design or structuring of the entity or marketing of the transaction to investors. When we transfer assets to a VIE and account for the transfer as a sale, we are considered the transferor. We consider investments in securities (other than those held temporarily in trading), loans, guarantees, liquidity agreements, written options and servicing of collateral to be other forms of involvement that may be significant. We have excluded certain transactions with unconsolidated VIEs from the balances presented in the following table where we have determined that our continuing involvement is not significant due to the temporary nature and size of our variable interests, because we were not the transferor or because we were not involved in the design of the unconsolidated VIEs. We also exclude from the table secured borrowing transactions with unconsolidated VIEs (for information on these transactions, see the Transactions with Consolidated VIEs and Secured Borrowings section in this Note).
Table 7.2:Unconsolidated VIEs
   Carrying value – asset (liability) 
(in millions)
Total
VIE
assets

 
Debt and
equity
interests (1)

 
Servicing
assets

 Derivatives
 
Other
commitments
and
guarantees

 
Net
assets

September 30, 2017           
Residential mortgage loan securitizations:           
Conforming (2)$1,172,135
 2,056
 12,387
 
 (188) 14,255
Other/nonconforming15,226
 774
 85
 
 
 859
Commercial mortgage securitizations142,525
 2,535
 868
 70
 (33) 3,440
Collateralized debt obligations:           
Debt securities1,074
 
 
 5
 (20) (15)
Loans (3)1,494
 1,457
 
 
 
 1,457
Asset-based finance structures3,569
 2,666
 
 
 
 2,666
Tax credit structures29,295
 10,820
 
 
 (3,103) 7,717
Collateralized loan obligations18
 4
 
 
 
 4
Investment funds216
 51
 
 
 
 51
Other (4)2,521
 577
 
 (95) 
 482
Total$1,368,073
 20,940
 13,340
 (20) (3,344) 30,916
   Maximum exposure to loss 
   
Debt and
equity
interests (1)

 
Servicing
assets

 Derivatives
 
Other
commitments
and
guarantees

 
Total
exposure

Residential mortgage loan securitizations:           
Conforming  $2,056
 12,387
 
 976
 15,419
Other/nonconforming  774
 85
 
 
 859
Commercial mortgage securitizations  2,535
 868
 73
 9,901
 13,377
Collateralized debt obligations:           
Debt securities  
 
 5
 20
 25
Loans (3)  1,457
 
 
 
 1,457
Asset-based finance structures  2,666
 
 
 71
 2,737
Tax credit structures  10,820
 
 
 947
 11,767
Collateralized loan obligations  4
 
 
 
 4
Investment funds  51
 
 
 
 51
Other (4)  577
 
 120
 157
 854
Total  $20,940
 13,340
 198
 12,072
 46,550
(continued on following page)
Note 7: Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities (continued)

(continued from previous page)
   Carrying value – asset (liability) 
(in millions)
Total
VIE
assets

 
Debt and
equity
interests (1)

 
Servicing
assets

 Derivatives
 
Other
commitments
and
guarantees

 
Net
assets

December 31, 2016           
Residential mortgage loan securitizations:           
Conforming (2)$1,166,296
 3,026
 12,434
 
 (232) 15,228
Other/nonconforming18,805
 873
 109
 
 (2) 980
Commercial mortgage securitizations166,596
 4,258
 843
 87
 (35) 5,153
Collateralized debt obligations:           
Debt securities1,472
 
 
 
 (25) (25)
Loans (3)1,545
 1,507
 
 
 
 1,507
Asset-based finance structures9,152
 6,522
 
 
 
 6,522
Tax credit structures29,713
 10,669
 
 
 (3,609) 7,060
Collateralized loan obligations78
 10
 
 
 
 10
Investment funds214
 48
 
 
 
 48
Other (4)1,733
 630
 
 (56) 
 574
Total$1,395,604
 27,543
 13,386
 31
 (3,903) 37,057
   Maximum exposure to loss 
   
Debt and
equity
interests (1)

 
Servicing
assets

 Derivatives
 
Other
commitments
and
guarantees

 
Total
exposure

Residential mortgage loan securitizations:           
Conforming  $3,026
 12,434
 
 979
 16,439
Other/nonconforming  873
 109
 
 2
 984
Commercial mortgage securitizations  4,258
 843
 94
 9,566
 14,761
Collateralized debt obligations:           
Debt securities  
 
 
 25
 25
Loans (3)  1,507
 
 
 
 1,507
Asset-based finance structures  6,522
 
 
 72
 6,594
Tax credit structures  10,669
 
 
 1,104
 11,773
Collateralized loan obligations  10
 
 
 
 10
Investment funds  48
 
 
 
 48
Other (4)  630
 
 93
 
 723
Total  $27,543
 13,386
 187
 11,748
 52,864
(1)
Includes total equity interests of $10.4 billion and $10.3 billion at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively. Also includes debt interests in the form of both loans and securities. Excludes certain debt securities held related to loans serviced for FNMA, FHLMC and GNMA.
(2)
Excludes assets and related liabilities with a recorded carrying value on our balance sheet of $1.3 billion and $1.2 billion at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively, for certain delinquent loans that are eligible for repurchase from GNMA loan securitizations. The recorded carrying value represents the amount that would be payable if the Company was to exercise the repurchase option. The carrying amounts are excluded from the table because the loans eligible for repurchase do not represent interests in the VIEs.
(3)
Represents senior loans to trusts that are collateralized by asset-backed securities. The trusts invest in senior tranches from a diversified pool of U.S. asset securitizations, of which all are current and 100% were rated as investment grade by the primary rating agencies at both September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016. These senior loans are accounted for at amortized cost and are subject to the Company’s allowance and credit charge-off policies.
(4)Includes structured financing and credit-linked note structures. Also contains investments in auction rate securities (ARS) issued by VIEs that we do not sponsor and, accordingly, are unable to obtain the total assets of the entity.

In Table 7.2, “Total VIE assets” represents the remaining principal balance of assets held by unconsolidated VIEs using the most current information available. For VIEs that obtain exposure to assets synthetically through derivative instruments, the remaining notional amount of the derivative is included in the asset balance. “Carrying value” is the amount in our consolidated balance sheet related to our involvement with the unconsolidated VIEs. “Maximum exposure to loss” from our involvement with off-balance sheet entities, which is a required disclosure under GAAP, is determined as the carrying value of our involvement with off-balance sheet (unconsolidated) VIEs plus the remaining undrawn liquidity and lending commitments, the notional amount of net written derivative contracts, and generally the notional amount of, or stressed loss estimate for, other commitments and guarantees. It represents estimated loss that would be incurred under severe, hypothetical circumstances, for which we believe the possibility is extremely remote, such as where the value of our interests and any associated collateral declines to zero, without any consideration of recovery or offset from any economic hedges. Accordingly, this required disclosure is not an indication of expected loss.
For complete descriptions of our types of transactions with unconsolidated VIEs with which we have a significant continuing involvement, but we are not the primary beneficiary, see Note 8
(Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities) to Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K.

INVESTMENT FUNDS Subsequent to adopting ASU 2015-02 (Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis) in first quarter 2016, we do not consolidate these investment funds because we do not hold variable interests that are considered significant to the funds.
We voluntarily waived a portion of our management fees for certain money market funds that are exempt from the consolidation analysis to ensure the funds maintained a minimum level of daily net investment income. The amount of fees waived in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017 was $12 million and $39 million, respectively, compared with $28 million and $84 million, respectively, in the same periods of 2016.

OTHER TRANSACTIONS WITH VIEs  Other VIEs include certain entities that issue auction rate securities (ARS) which are debt instruments with long-term maturities, that re-price more frequently, and preferred equities with no maturity. At September 30, 2017, we held $400 million of ARS issued by VIEs compared with $453 million at December 31, 2016. We acquired the ARS pursuant to agreements entered into in 2008 and 2009.

We do not consolidate the VIEs that issued the ARS because we do not have power over the activities of the VIEs.

TRUST PREFERRED SECURITIESVIEs that we wholly own issue debt securities or preferred equity to third party investors. All of the proceeds of the issuance are invested in debt securities or preferred equity that we issue to the VIEs. The VIEs’ operations and cash flows relate only to the issuance, administration and repayment of the securities held by third parties. We do not consolidate these VIEs because the sole assets of the VIEs are receivables from us, even though we own all of the voting equity shares of the VIEs, have fully guaranteed the obligations of the VIEs and may have the right to redeem the third party securities under certain circumstances. In our consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, we reported the debt securities issued to the VIEs as long-term junior subordinated debt with a carrying value of $2.0 billion and $2.1 billion, respectively, and the preferred equity securities issued to the VIEs as preferred stock with a carrying value of $2.5 billion at both dates. These amounts are in addition to the involvements in these VIEs included in the preceding table.
In the first nine months of 2017, we redeemed $150 million of trust preferred securities which were partially included in Tier 2 capital (50% credit in 2017) in the transitional framework and were not included under the fully-phased framework under the Basel III standards.
Loan Sales and Securitization Activity
We periodically transfer consumer and CREcommercial loans and other types of financial assets in securitization and whole loan sale transactions.

MORTGAGE LOANS SOLD TO U.S. GOVERNMENT SPONSORED ENTITIES AND TRANSACTIONS WITH GINNIE MAE In the normal course of business we sell originated and purchased residential and commercial mortgage loans to government-sponsored entities (GSEs). These loans are generally transferred into securitizations sponsored by the GSEs, which provide certain credit guarantees to investors and servicers. We also transfer mortgage loans into securitizations pursuant to Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA) guidelines which are insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) or guaranteed by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). Mortgage loans eligible for securitization with the GSEs or GNMA are considered conforming loans. The GSEs or GNMA design the structure of these securitizations, sponsor the involved VIEs, and have power over the activities most significant to the VIE.
We account for loans transferred in conforming mortgage loan securitization transactions as sales and do not consolidate the VIEs as we are not the primary beneficiary. In exchange for the transfer of loans, we typically receive securities issued by the VIEs which we sell to third parties for cash or hold for investment purposes as HTM or AFS securities. We also retain servicing rights on the transferred loans. As a servicer, we retain the option
to repurchase loans from GNMA loan securitization pools, which becomes exercisable when three scheduled loan payments remain unpaid by the borrower. During the quarters ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, we repurchased loans of $933 million and $1.9 billion, respectively, which predominantly represented repurchases of government insured loans. We recorded assets and related liabilities of $35 million and $107 million at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively, where we did not exercise our option to repurchase eligible loans.
Upon transfers of loans, we also provide indemnification for losses incurred due to material breaches of contractual representations and warranties, as well as other recourse arrangements. At March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, our liability for these repurchase and recourse arrangements was $164 million and $173 million, respectively, and the maximum exposure to loss was $13.3 billion at both March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021.
Loans serviced for others presented inTable 8.3 are predominantly loans securitized by the GSEs and GNMA. See Note 9 (Mortgage Banking Activities) for additional information about residential and commercial servicing rights, advances and servicing fees. Substantially all residential servicing activity is related to assets transferred to GSE and GNMA securitizations.

NONCONFORMING MORTGAGE LOAN SECURITIZATIONS In the normal course of business, we sell nonconforming residential and commercial mortgage loans in securitization transactions that we design and sponsor. Nonconforming mortgage loan securitizations do not involve a government credit guarantee, and accordingly, beneficial interest holders are subject to credit risk of the underlying assets held by the securitization VIE. We typically originate the transferred loans, account for the transfers as sales and do not consolidate the VIE. We also typically retain the servicing rights from these salesright to service the loans and may continue to hold other beneficial interests inissued by the transferred financialVIEs, such as debt securities held for investment purposes. Our servicing role related to nonconforming commercial mortgage loan securitizations is limited to primary or master servicer and the most significant decisions impacting the performance of the VIE are generally made by the special servicer or the controlling class security holder. For our residential nonconforming mortgage loan securitizations accounted for as sales, we either do not hold variable interests that we consider potentially significant or are not the primary servicer for a majority of the VIE assets.

WHOLE LOAN SALE TRANSACTIONS We may also provide liquiditysell whole loans to investors in the beneficial interests and credit enhancementsVIEs where we have continuing involvement in the form of standby letters of credit. Throughfinancing. We account for these transfers we may be exposed to liability under limited amounts of recourse as well as standard representations and warranties we make to purchasers and issuers. Table 7.3 presents the cash flows for our transfers accounted for as sales.
Table 7.3:Cash Flows From Sales and Securitization Activity
 2017  2016 
(in millions)
Mortgage
loans

 
Other
financial
assets

 
Mortgage
loans

 
Other
financial
assets

Quarter ended September 30,  
   
   
   
Proceeds from securitizations and whole loan sales$61,756
 
 66,830
 53
Fees from servicing rights retained826
 
 891
 
Cash flows from other interests held (1)408
 
 930
 
Repurchases of assets/loss reimbursements (2):       
Non-agency securitizations and whole loan transactions5
 
 4
 
Agency securitizations (3)20
 
 22
 
Servicing advances, net of repayments(90) 
 (52) 
Nine months ended September 30,       
Proceeds from securitizations and whole loan sales$172,837
 25
 178,301
 186
Fees from servicing rights retained2,520
 
 2,636
 
Cash flows from other interests held (1)1,883
 
 1,964
 1
Repurchases of assets/loss reimbursements (2):       
Non-agency securitizations and whole loan transactions12
 
 22
 
Agency securitizations (3)66
 
 104
 
Servicing advances, net of repayments(252) 
 (159) 
(1)Cash flows from other interests held include principal and interest payments received on retained bonds and excess cash flows received on interest-only strips.
(2)Consists of cash paid to repurchase loans from investors and cash paid to investors to reimburse them for losses on individual loans that are already liquidated.
(3)
Represent loans repurchased from GNMA, FNMA, and FHLMC under representation and warranty provisions included in our loan sales contracts. Third quarter and first nine months of 2017 exclude $2.1 billion and $6.0 billion, respectively in delinquent insured/guaranteed loans that we service and have exercised our option to purchase out of GNMA pools, compared with $2.4 billion and $7.3 billion, respectively, in the same periods of 2016. These loans are predominantly insured by the FHA or guaranteed by the VA.

In the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, we recognized net gains of $91 million and $616 million, respectively, from transfers accounted for as sales, and do not consolidate the VIEs as we do not have the power to direct the most significant activities of financialthe VIEs.

Table 8.1 presents information about transfers of assets compared with $141 million and $436 million, respectively, in the same periods of 2016. These net gains largely relate to commercial mortgage securitizations and residential mortgage securitizations where the loans were not already carried at fair value.
Sales with continuing involvement during the third quarter and first nine months of 2017 and 2016 largely related to securitizations of residential mortgages that are sold to the government-sponsored entities (GSEs), including FNMA, FHLMC and GNMA (conforming residential mortgage
securitizations). During the third quarter and first nine months of 2017,period for which we transferred $57.8 billion and $163.0 billion, respectively, in fair value of residential mortgages to unconsolidated VIEs and third-party investors and recorded the transfers as sales comparedand have continuing involvement with $63.3 billionthe transferred assets. In connection with these transfers, we received proceeds and $165.6 billion, respectively, in the same periodsrecorded servicing assets, securities, and loans. Each of 2016.these interests are initially measured at fair value. Servicing rights are classified as Level 3 measurements, and generally securities are classified as Level 2. Substantially all of these transfers did not resultwere related to residential mortgage securitizations with the GSEs or GNMA and resulted in ano gain or loss because the loans wereare already carried at fair value. In connection with all of these transfers, in the first nine months of 2017, we recorded a $1.5 billion servicing asset, measured at fair value usingon a Level 3 measurement technique,recurring basis. Additionally, we may transfer certain government insured loans that we previously
92Wells Fargo & Company


repurchased. These loans are carried at the lower of cost or market, and we recognize gains on such transfers when the
market value is greater than the carrying value of the loan when it is sold.
Table 8.1:Transfers with Continuing Involvement
20222021
(in millions)Residential mortgagesCommercial mortgagesResidential mortgagesCommercial mortgages
Quarter ended March 31,
Assets sold$26,174 4,033 40,586 3,191 
Proceeds from transfer (1)26,226 4,097 40,691 3,282 
Net gains (losses) on sale52 64 105 91 
Continuing involvement (2):
Servicing rights recognized$327 29 407 47 
Securities recognized (3)1,587 104 10,223 29 
Loans recognized  926 — 
(1)Represents cash proceeds and the fair value of non-cash beneficial interests recognized at securitization settlement.
(2)Represents assets or liabilities recognized at securitization settlement date related to our continuing involvement in the transferred assets.
(3)Represents debt securities of $2.2 billion,obtained at securitization settlement held for investment purposes that are classified as Level 2,available-for-sale or held-to-maturity, which predominantly relate to agency securities. Excludes trading debt securities held temporarily for market-marking purposes, which are sold to third parties at or shortly after securitization settlement, of $6.7 billion and a $20 million liability for repurchase losses which reflects management’s estimate of probable losses related to
Note 7: Securitizations$6.8 billion, during the quarters ended March 31, 2022 and Variable Interest Entities (continued)

2021, respectively.
various representations and warranties for the loans transferred, initially measured at fair value. In the first nine monthsnormal course of 2016,business we recorded a $1.3 billion servicing asset,purchase certain
non-agency securities at initial securitization or subsequently in the secondary market, which we hold for investment. We also provide seller financing in the form of $3.0 billion,loans. During the quarters ended March 31, 2022 and a $262021, we received cash flows of $136 million liability.and $75 million, respectively, related to principal and interest payments on these securities and loans, which exclude cash flows related to trading activities and to the sale of our student loan portfolio.
Table 7.48.2 presents the key weighted-average assumptions we used to initially measure residential MSRs recognized during the periods presented.

Table 8.2:Residential Mortgage Servicing Rights
20222021
Quarter ended March 31,
Prepayment rate (1)11.1 %14.4 
Discount rate7.0 6.0 
Cost to service ($ per loan)$112 82 
(1)Includes a blend of prepayment speeds and expected defaults. Prepayment speeds are influenced by mortgage interest rates as well as our estimation of drivers of borrower behavior.
See Note 15 (Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities) and
Note 9 (Mortgage Banking Activities) for additional information on key economic assumptions for residential MSRs.

RESECURITIZATION ACTIVITIES We enter into resecuritization transactions as part of our trading activities to accommodate the investment and risk management activities of our customers. In resecuritization transactions, we transfer trading debt securities to VIEs in exchange for new beneficial interests that are sold to third parties at or shortly after securitization settlement. This activity is performed for customers seeking a specific return or risk profile. Substantially all of our transactions involve the resecuritization of conforming mortgage-backed securities issued by the GSEs or GNMA. We do not consolidate the resecuritization VIEs as we share in the decision-making power with third parties and do not hold significant economic interests in the VIEs other than for market-making activities. We transferred $6.4 billion and $17.4 billion of securities to re-securitization VIEs during the quarters ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. These amounts are not included in
Table 8.1. Related total VIE assets were $115.9 billion and $117.7 billion at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 we held $1.3 billion and $817 million of securities, respectively. $738 million and $1.0 billion of these securities related to resecuritizations transacted during the quarters ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Wells Fargo & Company93


Note 8: Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities (continued)
Loans Serviced for Others
Table 8.3 presents information about loans that we sold or securitized in which we have ongoing involvement as servicer. These are primarily residential mortgage loans sold to the GSEs or GNMA. Delinquent loans include loans 90 days or more past due and loans in bankruptcy, regardless of delinquency status.
For loans sold or securitized where servicing is our only form of continuing involvement, we generally experience a loss only if we were required to repurchase a delinquent loan or foreclosed asset due to a breach in representations and warranties associated with our loan sale or servicing contracts.
Table 8.3:Loans Serviced for Others
Net charge-offs (2)
Total loansDelinquent loans and foreclosed assets (1)Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)Mar 31, 2022Dec 31, 2021Mar 31, 2022Dec 31, 202120222021
Commercial$122,487 120,962 1,809 1,923 4 115 
Residential679,687 690,813 8,407 10,714 3 
Total off-balance sheet sold or securitized loans (3)$802,174 811,775 10,216 12,637 7 121 
(1)Includes $444 million and $403 million of commercial foreclosed assets and $145 million and $129 million of residential foreclosed assets at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
(2)Net charge-offs exclude loans sold to FNMA, FHLMC and GNMA as we do not service or manage the underlying real estate upon foreclosure and, as such, do not have access to net charge-off information.
(3)At March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the table includes total loans of $725.5 billion and $736.8 billion, delinquent loans of $8.0 billion and $10.2 billion, and foreclosed assets of $114 million and $100 million, respectively, for FNMA, FHLMC and GNMA.
Transactions with Unconsolidated VIEs
MORTGAGE LOAN SECURITIZATIONS Table 8.4 includes nonconforming mortgage loan securitizations where we originate and transfer the loans to the unconsolidated securitization VIEs that we sponsor. For additional information about these VIEs, see the “Loan Sales and Securitization Activity” section within this Note. Nonconforming mortgage loan securitizations also include commercial mortgage loan securitizations sponsored by third parties where we did not originate or transfer the loans but serve as master servicer and invest in securities that could be potentially significant to the VIE.
Conforming loan securitization and resecuritization transactions involving the GSEs and GNMA are excluded from Table 8.4 because we are not the sponsor or we do not have power over the activities most significant to the VIEs. Additionally, due to the nature of the guarantees provided by the GSEs and the FHA and VA, our credit risk associated with these VIEs is limited. For additional information about conforming mortgage loan securitizations and resecuritizations, see the “Loan Sales and Securitization Activity” and “Resecuritization Activities” sections within this Note.

TAX CREDIT STRUCTURESWe co-sponsor and make investments in affordable housing projects that are designed to generate a return primarily through the realization of federal tax credits. The projects are typically managed by project sponsors who have the power over the VIE’s assets. In some instances, our investments in these structures may require that we fund future capital commitments at the discretion of the project sponsors.
COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE LOANS We may transfer purchased industrial development bonds and GSE credit enhancements to VIEs in exchange for beneficial interests. We may also acquire such beneficial interests in transactions where we do not act as a transferor. We own all of the beneficial interests and may also service the underlying mortgages that serve as collateral to the bonds.

OTHER VIE STRUCTURESWe engage in various forms of structured finance arrangements with other VIEs, including asset-backed finance structures and other securitizations collateralized by asset classes other than mortgages. Collateral may include rental properties, asset-backed securities, student loans and mortgage loans. We may participate in structuring or marketing the arrangements, as well as provide financing, service one or more of the underlying assets, or enter into derivatives with the VIEs. We may also receive fees for those services. We are not the primary beneficiary of these structures because we do not have power to direct the most significant activities of the VIEs.
94Wells Fargo & Company


Table 8.4 provides a summary of our exposure to the unconsolidated VIEs described above, which includes investments in securities, loans, guarantees, liquidity agreements, commitments and certain derivatives. We exclude certain transactions with unconsolidated VIEs when our continuing involvement is temporary or administrative in nature or insignificant in size.
In Table 8.4, “Total VIE assets” represents the remaining principal balance of assets held by unconsolidated VIEs using the most current information available. “Carrying value” is the amount in our consolidated balance sheet related to our involvement with the unconsolidated VIEs. “Maximum exposure to loss” is determined as the carrying value of our investment in the VIEs excluding the unconditional repurchase options that have not been exercised, plus the remaining undrawn liquidity and lending commitments, the notional amount of net written derivative contracts, and generally the notional amount of, or stressed loss estimate for, other commitments and guarantees.
Debt, guarantees and other commitments include amounts related to loans sold that we may be required to repurchase, or otherwise indemnify or reimburse the investor or insurer for losses incurred, due to material breach of contractual representations and warranties as well as other retained recourse arrangements. The maximum exposure to loss for material breach of contractual representations and warranties represents a stressed case estimate we utilize for determining stressed case regulatory capital needs and is considered to be a remote scenario.
“Maximum exposure to loss” represents estimated loss that would be incurred under severe, hypothetical circumstances, for which we believe the possibility is extremely remote, such as where the value of our interests and any associated collateral declines to zero, without any consideration of recovery or offset from any economic hedges. Accordingly, this disclosure is not an indication of expected loss.
Table 8.4:Unconsolidated VIEs
Carrying value – asset (liability)
(in millions)Total
VIE assets 
LoansDebt
securities (1)
Equity securitiesAll other
assets (2)
Debt and other liabilitiesNet assets 
March 31, 2022
Nonconforming mortgage loan securitizations$149,765  2,773  708 (1)3,480 
Tax credit structures45,264 1,704  12,206  (4,696)9,214 
Commercial real estate loans5,482 5,473   9  5,482 
Other2,842 472 2 55 37 (1)565 
Total$203,353 7,649 2,775 12,261 754 (4,698)18,741 
Maximum exposure to loss
LoansDebt
securities (1)
Equity securitiesAll other
assets (2)
Debt, guarantees,
and other commitments
Total exposure 
Nonconforming mortgage loan securitizations$ 2,773  708 1 3,482 
Tax credit structures1,704  12,206  3,818 17,728 
Commercial real estate loans5,473   9 709 6,191 
Other472 2 55 37 229 795 
Total$7,649 2,775 12,261 754 4,757 28,196 
Carrying value – asset (liability)

(in millions)
Total
VIE assets
LoansDebt
securities (1)
Equity
securities
All other
assets (2)
Debt and other liabilitiesNet assets 
December 31, 2021
Nonconforming mortgage loan securitizations$146,482 — 2,620 — 694 — 3,314 
Tax credit structures44,528 1,904 — 12,322 — (4,941)9,285 
Commercial real estate loans5,489 5,481 — — — 5,489 
Other3,196 531 62 49 (1)644 
Total$199,695 7,916 2,623 12,384 751 (4,942)18,732 
Maximum exposure to loss
LoansDebt
securities (1)
Equity
securities
All other
assets (2)
Debt,
guarantees,
and other commitments
Total exposure
Nonconforming mortgage loan securitizations$— 2,620 — 694 27 3,341 
Tax credit structures1,904 — 12,322 — 3,730 17,956 
Commercial real estate loans5,481 — — 710 6,199 
Other531 62 49 229 874 
Total$7,916 2,623 12,384 751 4,696 28,370 
(1)Includes $336 million and $352 million of securities classified as trading at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
(2)All other assets includes mortgage servicing rights, at the date of securitization.
Table 7.4:Residential Mortgage Servicing Rightsderivative assets, and other assets (predominantly servicing advances).
 
Residential mortgage
servicing rights
 
 2017
 2016
Quarter ended September 30,  
   
Prepayment speed (1)12.1% 12.4
Discount rate6.9
 6.2
Cost to service ($ per loan) (2)$122
 124
Nine months ended September 30,   
Prepayment speed (1)11.7% 12.5
Discount rate6.9
 6.5
Cost to service ($ per loan) (2)$135
 136
(1)The prepayment speed assumption for residential mortgage servicing rights includes a blend of prepayment speeds and default rates. Prepayment speed assumptions are influenced by mortgage interest rate inputs as well as our estimation of drivers of borrower behavior.Wells Fargo & Company95


Note 8: Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities (continued)
Consolidated VIEs
We consolidate VIEs where we are the primary beneficiary. We are the primary beneficiary of the following structure types:

COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL LOANS AND LEASES We securitize dealer floor plan loans and leases in a revolving master trust entity and hold the subordinated notes and residual equity interests. As servicer and residual interest holder, we control the key decisions of the trust and consolidate the entity. The total VIE assets held by the master trust represent a majority of the total VIE assets presented for this category in Table 8.5. In a separate transaction structure, we also provide the majority of debt and equity financing to an SPE that engages in lending and leasing to specific vendors and service the underlying collateral.

OTHER VIE STRUCTURESOther VIEs are primarily related to municipal tender option bond (MTOB) transactions and nonconforming mortgage loan securitizations that we sponsor. MTOBs are vehicles to finance the purchase of municipal bonds through the issuance of short-term debt to investors. Our
involvement with MTOBs includes serving as the residual interest holder, which provides control over the key decisions of the VIE, as well as the remarketing agent or liquidity provider related to the debt issued to investors. We also securitize nonconforming mortgage loans, in which our involvement includes servicer of the underlying assets and holder of subordinate or senior securities issued by the VIE.

Table 8.5 presents a summary of financial assets and liabilities of our consolidated VIEs. The carrying value represents assets and liabilities recorded on our consolidated balance sheet. Carrying values of assets are presented using GAAP measurement methods, which may include fair value, credit impairment or other adjustments, and therefore in some instances will differ from “Total VIE assets.”
On our consolidated balance sheet, we separately disclose (1) the consolidated assets of certain VIEs that can only be used to settle the liabilities of those VIEs, and (2) the consolidated liabilities of certain VIEs for which the VIE creditors do not have recourse to Wells Fargo.
Table 8.5:Transactions with Consolidated VIEs
Carrying value – asset (liability)
(in millions)Total
VIE assets 
LoansDebt
securities
All other
assets (1)
Long-term debtAll other liabilities (2)
March 31, 2022
Commercial and industrial loans and leases$7,026 4,534  226  (194)
Other471 336 71 3 (133)(71)
Total consolidated VIEs$7,497 4,870 71 229 (133)(265)
December 31, 2021
Commercial and industrial loans and leases$7,013 4,099 — 231 — (188)
Other516 377 71 (149)(71)
Total consolidated VIEs$7,529 4,476 71 234 (149)(259)
(1)All other assets includes cash and due from banks, interest-earning deposits with banks, derivative assets, equity securities, and other assets.
(2)All other liabilities includes short-term borrowings, derivative liabilities, and accrued expenses and other liabilities.
Other Transactions
In addition to the transactions included in the previous tables, we have used wholly-owned trust preferred security VIEs to issue debt securities or preferred equity exclusively to third-party investors. As the sole assets of the VIEs are receivables from us, we do not consolidate the VIEs even though we own all of the voting equity shares of the VIEs, have fully guaranteed the obligations of the VIEs, and may have the right to redeem the third-party securities under certain circumstances. In our consolidated balance sheet we reported the debt securities issued to the VIEs as long-term junior subordinated debt with a carrying value of $391 million and $388 million at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively. See Note 16 (Preferred Stock) for additional information about trust preferred securities.

(2)96Includes costs to service and unreimbursed foreclosure costs, which can vary period to period depending on the mix of modified government-guaranteed loans sold to GNMA.Wells Fargo & Company


Note 9:  Mortgage Banking Activities 
During
Mortgage banking activities consist of residential and commercial mortgage originations, sales and servicing.
We apply the third quarteramortization method to commercial MSRs and first nine monthsapply the fair value method to residential MSRs. The amortized
cost of 2017, we transferred $4.6commercial MSRs was $1.2 billion and $11.2$1.3 billion, respectively, in carryingwith an estimated fair value of commercial mortgages to unconsolidated VIEs and third-party investors and recorded the transfers as sales, compared with $4.0$1.9 billion and $13.9$1.7 billion, respectively,at March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Table 9.1 presents the changes in MSRs measured using the fair value method.

Table 9.1:Analysis of Changes in Fair Value MSRs
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Fair value, beginning of period$6,920 6,125 
Servicing from securitizations or asset transfers (1)342 406 
Sales and other (2)1 (1)
Net additions343 405 
Changes in fair value:
Due to valuation inputs or assumptions:
Mortgage interest rates (3)1,699 1,630 
Servicing and foreclosure costs (4)(3)
Discount rates55 47 
Prepayment estimates and other (5)(146)(95)
Net changes in valuation inputs or assumptions1,605 1,591 
 Changes due to collection/realization of expected cash flows (6)(357)(585)
Total changes in fair value1,248 1,006 
Fair value, end of period$8,511 7,536 
(1)Includes impacts associated with exercising cleanup calls on securitizations and our right to repurchase delinquent loans from GNMA loan securitization pools. MSRs may increase upon repurchase due to servicing liabilities associated with these delinquent GNMA loans.
(2)Includes sales and transfers of MSRs, which can result in an increase in MSRs if related to portfolios with servicing liabilities.
(3)Includes prepayment rate changes as well as other valuation changes due to changes in mortgage interest rates.
(4)Includes costs to service and unreimbursed foreclosure costs.
(5)Represents other changes in valuation model inputs or assumptions including prepayment rate estimation changes that are independent of mortgage interest rate changes.
(6)Represents the reduction in the same periods of 2016. These transfers resulted in gains of $89 million and $265 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, because the loans were carried at lower of cost or market value (LOCOM), compared with gains of $134 million and $327 million, respectively, in the same periods of 2016. In connection with these transfers, in the first nine months of 2017, we recorded a servicing asset of $123 million, initially measured atMSR fair value using a Level 3 measurement technique, and securitiesfor the cash flows expected to be collected during the period, net of $65 million, classified as Level 2. Inincome accreted due to the first nine monthspassage of 2016, we recorded a servicing asset of $204 million and securities of $236 million.


time.
Retained Interests from Unconsolidated VIEs
Table 7.59.2 provides key economic assumptions and the sensitivity of the current fair value of residential mortgage servicing rights and other interests heldMSRs to immediate adverse changes in those assumptions. “Other interests held” relate toAmounts for residential and commercial mortgage loan securitizations. Residential mortgage-backed securities retained in securitizations issued through GSEs, suchMSRs include purchased servicing rights as FNMA, FHLMC and GNMA, are excludedwell as servicing
rights resulting from the table because these securities have a remote risktransfer of credit loss due to
the GSE guarantee. These securities also haveloans. See Note 15 (Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities) for additional information on key economic characteristics similar to GSE mortgage-backed securities that we purchase, which are not included in the table. Subordinated interests include only those bonds whose credit rating was below AAA by a major rating agency at issuance. Senior interests include only those bonds whose credit rating was AAA by a major rating agency at issuance. The information presented excludes trading positions held in inventory.assumptions for residential MSRs.

Table 7.5:Retained Interests from Unconsolidated VIEs9.2: Economic Assumptions and Sensitivity of Residential MSRs
($ in millions, except cost to service amounts)Mar 31, 2022Dec 31, 2021
Fair value of interests held$8,511 6,920 
Expected weighted-average life (in years)5.74.7
Key economic assumptions:
Prepayment rate assumption (1)11.1 %14.7 
Impact on fair value from 10% adverse change$339 356 
Impact on fair value from 25% adverse change803 834 
Discount rate assumption7.4 %6.4 
Impact on fair value from 100 basis point increase$337 276 
Impact on fair value from 200 basis point increase646 529 
Cost to service assumption ($ per loan)102 106 
Impact on fair value from 10% adverse change177 165 
Impact on fair value from 25% adverse change441 411 
   Other interests held 
 
Residential
mortgage
servicing
rights (1)

 
Interest-only
strips

 Consumer
 Commercial (2) 
($ in millions, except cost to service amounts)  
Subordinated
bonds

 
Subordinated
bonds

 
Senior
bonds

Fair value of interests held at September 30, 2017$13,338
 23
 
 561
 526
Expected weighted-average life (in years)6.1
 3.8
 0.0
 5.7
 5.2
Key economic assumptions:         
Prepayment speed assumption (3)10.8% 17.4
 
    
Decrease in fair value from:         
10% adverse change$575
 1
 
    
25% adverse change1,359
 2
 
    
Discount rate assumption6.7% 12.7
 
 3.0
 2.9
Decrease in fair value from:         
100 basis point increase$647
 
 
 25
 22
200 basis point increase1,236
 1
 
 47
 44
Cost to service assumption ($ per loan)145
        
Decrease in fair value from:         
10% adverse change476
        
25% adverse change1,189
        
Credit loss assumption    % 2.0
 
Decrease in fair value from:         
10% higher losses    $
 
 
25% higher losses    
 
 
Fair value of interests held at December 31, 2016$12,959
 28
 1
 249
 552
Expected weighted-average life (in years)6.3
 3.9
 8.3
 3.1
 5.1
Key economic assumptions:         
Prepayment speed assumption (3)10.3% 17.4
 13.5
    
Decrease in fair value from:         
10% adverse change$583
 1
 
    
25% adverse change1,385
 2
 
    
Discount rate assumption6.8% 13.3
 10.7
 5.2
 2.7
Decrease in fair value from:         
100 basis point increase$649
 1
 
 7
 23
200 basis point increase1,239
 1
 
 12
 45
Cost to service assumption ($ per loan)155
        
Decrease in fair value from:         
10% adverse change515
        
25% adverse change1,282
        
Credit loss assumption    3.0% 4.7
 
Decrease in fair value from:         
10% higher losses    $
 
 
25% higher losses    
 
 
(1)See narrative following this table for a discussion of commercial mortgage servicing rights.
(2)Prepayment speed assumptions do not significantly impact the value of commercial mortgage securitization bonds as the underlying commercial mortgage loans experience significantly lower prepayments due to certain contractual restrictions, impacting the borrower’s ability to prepay the mortgage.
(3)The prepayment speed assumption for residential mortgage servicing rights includes(1)Includes a blend of prepayment speeds and default rates. Prepayment speed assumptions are influenced by mortgage interest rate inputs as well as our estimation of drivers of borrower behavior.
Note 7: Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities (continued)

In addition to residential mortgage servicing rights (MSRs) included in the previous table, we have a small portfolio of commercial MSRs with a fair value of $2.0 billion at both September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016. The nature of our commercial MSRs, which are carried at LOCOM, is different from our residential MSRs. Prepayment activity on serviced loans does not significantly impact the value of commercial MSRs because, unlike residential mortgages, commercial mortgages experience significantly lower prepayments due to certain contractual restrictions, impacting the borrower’s ability to prepay the mortgage. Additionally, for our commercial MSR portfolio, we are typically master/primary servicer, but not the special servicer, who is separately responsible for the servicing and workout of delinquent and foreclosed loans. It is the special servicer, similar to our role as servicer of residential mortgage loans, who is affected by higher servicing and foreclosure costs due to an increase in delinquent and foreclosed loans. Accordingly, prepayment speeds and costs to serviceexpected defaults. Prepayment speeds are not key assumptions for commercial MSRs as they do not significantly impact the valuation. The primary economic driver impacting the fair value of our commercial MSRs is forwardinfluenced by mortgage interest rates which are derived from market observable yield curves used to price capital markets instruments. Market interest rates significantly affect interest earned on custodial deposit balances. The sensitivityas well as our estimation of the current fair value to an immediate adverse 25% change in the assumption about interest earned on deposit balances at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, results in a decrease in fair valuedrivers of $238 million and $259 million, respectively. See Note 8 (Mortgage Banking Activities) for further information on our commercial MSRs.
We also have a loan to an unconsolidated third party VIE that we extended in fourth quarter 2014 in conjunction with our sale of government guaranteed student loans. The loan is carried at amortized cost and approximates fair value at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016. The carrying amount of the loan at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, was $1.3 billion and $3.2 billion, respectively. The estimated fair value of the loan is considered a Level 3 measurement that is determined using
borrower behavior.
discounted cash flows that are based on changes in the discount rate due to changes in the risk premium component (credit spreads). The primary economic assumption impacting the fair value of our loan is the discount rate. Changes in the credit loss assumption are not expected to affect the estimated fair value of the loan due to the government guarantee of the underlying collateral. The sensitivity of the current fair value to an immediate adverse increase of 200 basis points in the risk premium component of the discount rate assumption is a decrease in fair value of $23 million and $154 million at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively.
The sensitivities in the preceding paragraphs and table are hypothetical and caution should be exercised when relying on this data. Changes in value based on variations in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in the assumption to the change in value may not be linear. Also, the effect of a variation in a particular assumption on the value of the other interests held is calculated independently without changing
any other assumptions. In reality, changes in one factor may result in changes in others, (for example, changes in prepayment speed estimates could result in changes in the credit losses), which might magnify or counteract the sensitivities.

Off-Balance Sheet Loans
Table 7.6 presents information about the principal balances of off-balance sheet loans that were sold or securitized, including residential mortgage loans sold to FNMA, FHLMC, GNMA and other investors, for which we have some form of continuing involvement (including servicer). Delinquent loans include loans 90 days or more past due and loans in bankruptcy, regardless of delinquency status. For loans sold or securitized where servicing is our only form of continuing involvement, we would only experience a loss if we were required to repurchase a delinquent loan or foreclosed asset due to a breach in representations and warranties associated with our loan sale or servicing contracts.
Table 7.6:Off-Balance Sheet Loans Sold or Securitized
         Net charge-offs 
 Total loans  Delinquent loans and foreclosed assets (1)  Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions)Sep 30, 2017
 Dec 31, 2016
 Sep 30, 2017
 Dec 31, 2016
 2017
 2016
Commercial:           
Real estate mortgage$98,350
 106,745
 2,879
 3,325
 718
 210
Total commercial98,350
 106,745
 2,879
 3,325
 718
 210
Consumer:           
Real estate 1-4 family first mortgage1,135,409
 1,160,191
 12,434
 16,453
 546
 764
Total consumer1,135,409
 1,160,191
 12,434
 16,453
 546
 764
Total off-balance sheet sold or securitized loans (2)$1,233,759
 1,266,936
 15,313
 19,778
 1,264
 974
(1)
Includes $1.4 billion and $1.7 billion of commercial foreclosed assets and $1.1 billion and $1.8 billion of consumer foreclosed assets at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively.
Wells Fargo & Company
97
(2)
At September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, the table includes total loans of $1.2 trillion at both dates, delinquent loans of $7.6 billion and $9.8 billion, and foreclosed assets of $730 million and $1.3 billion, respectively, for FNMA, FHLMC and GNMA. Net charge-offs exclude loans sold to FNMA, FHLMC and GNMA as we do not service or manage the underlying real estate upon foreclosure and, as such, do not have access to net charge-off information.



Transactions with Consolidated VIEs and Secured Borrowings
Table 7.7 presents a summary of financial assets and liabilities for asset transfers accounted for as secured borrowings and involvements with consolidated VIEs. Carrying values of “Assets” are presented using GAAP measurement methods, which may include fair value, credit impairment or other adjustments, and
therefore in some instances will differ from “Total VIE assets.” For VIEs that obtain exposure synthetically through derivative instruments, the remaining notional amount of the derivative is included in “Total VIE assets.” On the consolidated balance sheet, we separately disclose the consolidated assets of certain VIEs that can only be used to settle the liabilities of those VIEs.
Table 7.7:Transactions with Consolidated VIEs and Secured Borrowings
   Carrying value 
(in millions)
Total VIE
assets

 Assets
 Liabilities
 
Noncontrolling
interests

 Net assets
September 30, 2017         
Secured borrowings:         
Municipal tender option bond securitizations$670
 572
 (539) 
 33
Commercial real estate loans392
 392
 (388) 
 4
Residential mortgage securitizations119
 116
 (117) 
 (1)
Total secured borrowings1,181
 1,080
 (1,044) 
 36
Consolidated VIEs:         
Commercial and industrial loans and leases8,546
 8,051
 (1,425) (14) 6,612
Nonconforming residential mortgage loan securitizations2,812
 2,486
 (837) 
 1,649
Commercial real estate loans2,120
 2,120
 
 
 2,120
Structured asset finance13
 8
 (6) 
 2
Investment funds135
 135
 (1) (72) 62
Other118
 104
 (1) (33) 70
Total consolidated VIEs13,744
 12,904
 (2,270) (119) 10,515
Total secured borrowings and consolidated VIEs$14,925
 13,984
 (3,314) (119) 10,551
December 31, 2016         
Secured borrowings:         
Municipal tender option bond securitizations$1,473
 998
 (907) 
 91
Residential mortgage securitizations139
 138
 (136) 
 2
Total secured borrowings1,612
 1,136
 (1,043) 
 93
Consolidated VIEs:         
Commercial and industrial loans and leases8,821
 8,623
 (2,819) (14) 5,790
Nonconforming residential mortgage loan securitizations3,349
 2,974
 (1,003) 
 1,971
Commercial real estate loans1,516
 1,516
 
 
 1,516
Structured asset finance23
 13
 (9) 
 4
Investment funds142
 142
 (2) (67) 73
Other166
 146
 (1) (57) 88
Total consolidated VIEs14,017
 13,414
 (3,834) (138) 9,442
Total secured borrowings and consolidated VIEs$15,629
 14,550
 (4,877) (138) 9,535
INVESTMENT FUNDS Subsequent to adopting ASU 2015-02 (Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis) in first quarter 2016, we consolidate certain investment funds because we have both the power to manage fund assets and hold variable interests that are considered significant.

OTHER CONSOLIDATED VIE STRUCTURESIn addition to the structure types included in the previous table, at December 31, 2016, we had approximately $6.0 billion of private placement debt financing issued through a consolidated VIE. The issuance was classified as long-term debt in our consolidated financial statements. At December 31, 2016, we pledged approximately $434 million in loans (principal and interest eligible to be capitalized) and $6.1 billion in available-for-sale securities to collateralize the VIE’s borrowings. These assets were not transferred to the VIE, and accordingly we excluded the VIE from the previous table. During second quarter 2017, the private
placement debt financing was repaid, and the entity was no longer considered a VIE.
For complete descriptions of our accounting for transfers accounted for as secured borrowings and involvements with consolidated VIEs, see Note 8 (Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities) to Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K.
Note 8:9:  Mortgage Banking Activities (continued)(continued)

Note 8:  Mortgage Banking Activities

Mortgage banking activities, included in the Community Banking and Wholesale Banking operating segments, consist of residential and commercial mortgage originations, sale activity and servicing.
We apply the amortization method to commercial MSRs and apply the fair value method to residential MSRs. Table 8.1 presents the changes in MSRs measured using the fair value method.
Table 8.1:Analysis of Changes in Fair Value MSRs
 Quarter ended Sep 30,  Nine months ended Sep 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Fair value, beginning of period$12,789
 10,396
 12,959
 12,415
Purchases541
 
 541
 
Servicing from securitizations or asset transfers (1)605
 609
 1,624
 1,452
Sales and other (2)64
 4
 9
 (18)
Net additions1,210
 613
 2,174
 1,434
Changes in fair value:       
Due to changes in valuation model inputs or assumptions:       
Mortgage interest rates (3)(171) 39
 (324) (1,824)
Servicing and foreclosure costs (4)60
 (10) 73
 13
Prepayment estimates and other (5)(31) (37) (77) 22
Net changes in valuation model inputs or assumptions(142) (8) (328) (1,789)
Changes due to collection/realization of expected cash flows over time(519) (586) (1,467) (1,645)
Total changes in fair value(661) (594) (1,795) (3,434)
Fair value, end of period$13,338
 10,415
 13,338
 10,415
(1)Includes impacts associated with exercising our right to repurchase delinquent loans from GNMA loan securitization pools.
(2)Includes sales and transfers of MSRs, which can result in an increase of total reported MSRs if the sales or transfers are related to nonperforming loan portfolios or portfolios with servicing liabilities.
(3)Includes prepayment speed changes as well as other valuation changes due to changes in mortgage interest rates (such as changes in estimated interest earned on custodial deposit balances).
(4)Includes costs to service and unreimbursed foreclosure costs.
(5)Represents changes driven by other valuation model inputs or assumptions including prepayment speed estimation changes and other assumption updates. Prepayment speed estimation changes are influenced by observed changes in borrower behavior and other external factors that occur independent of interest rate changes.
Table 8.2 presents the changes in amortized MSRs.
Table 8.2:Analysis of Changes in Amortized MSRs
 Quarter ended Sep 30,  Nine months ended Sep 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Balance, beginning of period$1,399
 1,353
 1,406
 1,308
Purchases31
 18
 75
 63
Servicing from securitizations or asset transfers41
 69
 123
 204
Amortization(65) (67) (198) (202)
Balance, end of period (1)$1,406
 1,373
 1,406
 1,373
Fair value of amortized MSRs:       
Beginning of period$1,989
 1,620
 1,956
 1,680
End of period1,990
 1,627
 1,990
 1,627
(1)Commercial amortized MSRs are evaluated for impairment purposes by the following risk strata: agency (GSEs) for multi-family properties and non-agency. There was no valuation allowance recorded for the periods presented on the commercial amortized MSRs.



We present the components of our managed servicing portfolio in Table 8.39.3 at unpaid principal balance for loans serviced and subserviced for others and at book value for owned loans serviced.
Table 8.3:9.3:Managed Servicing Portfolio
(in billions)Mar 31, 2022Dec 31, 2021
Residential mortgage servicing:
Serviced and subserviced for others$705 718 
Owned loans serviced273 276 
Total residential servicing978 994 
Commercial mortgage servicing:
Serviced and subserviced for others598 597 
Owned loans serviced132 130 
Total commercial servicing730 727 
Total managed servicing portfolio$1,708 1,721 
Total serviced for others, excluding subserviced for others$1,293 1,304 
MSRs as a percentage of loans serviced for others0.75 %0.63 
Weighted average note rate (mortgage loans serviced for others)3.81 3.82 
(in billions)Sep 30, 2017
 Dec 31, 2016
Residential mortgage servicing:   
Serviced for others$1,223
 1,205
Owned loans serviced340
 347
Subserviced for others3
 8
Total residential servicing1,566
 1,560
Commercial mortgage servicing:   
Serviced for others480
 479
Owned loans serviced128
 132
Subserviced for others8
 8
Total commercial servicing616
 619
Total managed servicing portfolio$2,182
 2,179
Total serviced for others$1,703
 1,684
Ratio of MSRs to related loans serviced for others0.87% 0.85

At March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, we had servicer advances, net of an allowance for uncollectible amounts, of $2.9 billion and $3.2 billion, respectively. As the servicer of loans for others, we advance certain payments of principal, interest, taxes, insurance, and default-related expenses which are generally reimbursed within a short timeframe from cash flows from the trust, GSEs, insurer or borrower. The credit risk related to these advances is limited since the reimbursement is generally senior to cash payments to investors. We also advance payments of taxes and insurance for our owned loans which are collectible
from the borrower. We maintain an allowance for uncollectible amounts for advances on loans serviced for others that may not be reimbursed if the payments were not made in accordance with applicable servicing agreements or if the insurance or servicing agreements contain limitations on reimbursements. Servicing advances on owned loans are charged-off when deemed uncollectible.
Table 8.49.4 presents the components of mortgage banking noninterest income.
Table 8.4:9.4:Mortgage Banking Noninterest Income
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Servicing fees:
Contractually specified servicing fees, late charges and ancillary fees$635 724 
Unreimbursed direct servicing costs (1)(24)(124)
Servicing fees611 600 
Amortization (2)(59)(65)
Changes due to collection/realization of expected cash flows (3)(A)(357)(585)
Net servicing fees195 (50)
Changes in fair value of MSRs due to valuation inputs or assumptions (4)(B)1,605 1,591 
Net derivative gains (losses) from economic hedges (5)(1,646)(1,640)
Market-related valuation changes to MSRs, net of hedge results(41)(49)
Total net servicing income154 (99)
Net gains on mortgage loan originations/sales (6)539 1,425 
Total mortgage banking noninterest income693 1,326 
Total changes in fair value of MSRs carried at fair value(A)+(B)$1,248 1,006 
(1)Includes costs associated with foreclosures, unreimbursed interest advances to investors, and other interest costs.
(2)Includes a $4 million reversal of impairment recorded in first quarter 2022 on the commercial amortized MSRs. There was no impairment recorded in first quarter 2021 on the commercial amortized MSRs.
(3)Represents the reduction in the MSR fair value for the cash flows expected to be collected during the period, net of income accreted due to the passage of time.
(4)Refer to the analysis of changes in fair value MSRs presented in Table 9.1 in this Note for more detail.
(5)See Note 14 (Derivatives) for additional discussion and detail on economic hedges.
(6)Includes net gains (losses) of $1.3 billion in both first quarter 2022 and 2021, related to derivatives used as economic hedges of mortgage loans held for sale and derivative loan commitments.

 Quarter ended Sep 30,  Nine months ended Sep 30, 
(in millions) 2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Servicing income, net:        
Servicing fees:        
Contractually specified servicing fees $889
 954
 2,696
 2,857
Late charges 41
 45
 133
 135
Ancillary fees 51
 56
 160
 171
Unreimbursed direct servicing costs (1) (186) (177) (430) (533)
Net servicing fees 795
 878
 2,559
 2,630
Changes in fair value of MSRs carried at fair value:        
Due to changes in valuation model inputs or assumptions (2)(A)(142) (8) (328) (1,789)
Changes due to collection/realization of expected cash flows over time (519) (586) (1,467) (1,645)
Total changes in fair value of MSRs carried at fair value (661) (594) (1,795) (3,434)
Amortization (65) (67) (198) (202)
Net derivative gains from economic hedges (3)(B)240
 142
 599
 2,575
Total servicing income, net 309
 359
 1,165
 1,569
Net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities 737
 1,308
 2,257
 3,110
Total mortgage banking noninterest income $1,046
 1,667
 3,422
 4,679
Market-related valuation changes to MSRs, net of hedge results (2)(3)(A)+(B)$98
 134
 271
 786
(1)98Includes costs associated with foreclosures, unreimbursed interest advances to investors, and other interest costs.Wells Fargo & Company


(2)Refer to the analysis of changes in fair value MSRs presented in Table 8.1 in this
Note for more detail.
(3)Represents results from economic hedges used to hedge the risk of changes in fair value of MSRs. See Note 12 (Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments) for additional discussion and detail.

Note 8: Mortgage Banking Activities (continued)

Table 8.5 summarizes the changes in our liability for mortgage loan repurchase losses. This liability is in “Accrued expenses and other liabilities” in our consolidated balance sheet and adjustments to the repurchase liability are recorded in net gains on mortgage loan origination/sales activities in “Mortgage banking” in our consolidated income statement.
Because of the uncertainty in the various estimates underlying the mortgage repurchase liability, there is a range of losses in excess of the recorded mortgage repurchase liability that is reasonably possible. The estimate of the range of possible loss for representations and warranties does not represent a probable
loss, and is based on currently available information, significant judgment, and a number of assumptions that are subject to change. The high end of this range of reasonably possible losses exceeded our recorded liability by $180 million at September 30, 2017, and was determined based upon modifying the assumptions (particularly to assume significant changes in investor repurchase demand practices) used in our best estimate of probable loss to reflect what we believe to be the high end of reasonably possible adverse assumptions.
Table 8.5:Analysis of Changes in Liability for Mortgage Loan Repurchase Losses
 Quarter ended Sep 30,  Nine months ended Sep 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Balance, beginning of period$178
 255
 229
 378
Assumed with MSR purchases (1)10
 
 10
 
Provision for repurchase losses:       
Loan sales6
 11
 20
 26
Change in estimate (2)(12) (24) (65) (132)
Net reductions to provision(6) (13) (45) (106)
Losses(3) (3) (15) (33)
Balance, end of period$179
 239
 179
 239
(1)Represents repurchase liability associated with portfolio of loans underlying mortgage servicing rights acquired during the period.
(2)Results from changes in investor demand and mortgage insurer practices, credit deterioration and changes in the financial stability of correspondent lenders.


Note 9:10:  Intangible Assets
Table 9.110.1 presents the gross carrying value of intangible assets and accumulated amortization.
Table 9.1:Intangible Assets
 September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
(in millions)
Gross
carrying
value

 
Accumulated
amortization

 
Net
carrying
value

 
Gross
carrying
value

 
Accumulated
amortization

 
Net
carrying
value

Amortized intangible assets (1):           
MSRs (2)$3,793
 (2,387) 1,406
 3,595
 (2,189) 1,406
Core deposit intangibles12,834
 (11,853) 981
 12,834
 (11,214) 1,620
Customer relationship and other intangibles3,991
 (3,073) 918
 3,928
 (2,839) 1,089
Total amortized intangible assets$20,618
 (17,313) 3,305
 20,357
 (16,242) 4,115
Unamortized intangible assets:           
MSRs (carried at fair value) (2)$13,338
     12,959
    
Goodwill26,581
     26,693
    
Trademark14
     14
    
(1)Excludes fully amortized intangible assets.
(2)See Note 8 (Mortgage Banking Activities) for additional information on MSRs.

Table 10.1:Intangible Assets
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in millions)Gross carrying valueAccumulated amortizationNet carrying valueGross carrying valueAccumulated amortization Net carrying value
Amortized intangible assets (1):
MSRs (2)$4,826 (3,584)1,242 4,794 (3,525)1,269 
Customer relationship and other intangibles754 (558)196 842 (631)211 
Total amortized intangible assets$5,580 (4,142)1,438 5,636 (4,156)1,480 
Unamortized intangible assets:
MSRs (carried at fair value)$8,511 6,920 
Goodwill25,181 25,180 
(1)Balances are excluded commencing in the period following full amortization.
(2)Includes a $4 million valuation allowance recorded for amortized MSRs at December 31, 2021. See Note 9 (Mortgage Banking Activities) for additional information on MSRs.

Table 9.210.2 provides the current year and estimated future amortization expense for amortized intangible assets. We based our projections of amortization expense shown below on existing
asset balances at September 30, 2017.March 31, 2022. Future amortization expense may vary from these projections.

Table 9.2:10.2:Amortization Expense for Intangible Assets
(in millions) Amortized MSRs
 
Core deposit
intangibles

 
Customer
relationship
and other
intangibles (1)

 Total
Nine months ended September 30, 2017 (actual) $198
 639
 235
 1,072
Estimate for the remainder of 2017 $64
 212
 76
 352
Estimate for year ended December 31,       
2018 240
 769
 301
 1,310
2019 212
 
 116
 328
2020 192
 
 96
 288
2021 166
 
 82
 248
2022 146
 
 68
 214
(1)
The nine months endedSeptember 30, 2017 balance includes $11 million for lease intangible amortization.

(in millions)Amortized MSRs Customer relationship and other intangiblesTotal 
Three months ended March 31, 2022 (actual)$59 15 74 
Estimate for the remainder of 2022$187 44 231 
Estimate for year ended December 31,
2023218 51 269 
2024190 41 231 
2025167 33 200 
2026133 27 160 
2027102 — 102 
Table 9.310.3 shows the allocation of goodwill to our reportable operating segments.
Table 9.3:10.3:Goodwill
(in millions)Consumer Banking and LendingCommercial BankingCorporate and Investment BankingWealth and Investment ManagementCorporateConsolidated Company
December 31, 2020$16,418 3,018 5,375 1,276 305 26,392 
Foreign currency translation— — — — 
Transfers of goodwill— — — (932)932 — 
Divestitures$— — — — (104)(104)
March 31, 2021$16,418 3,020 5,375 344 1,133 26,290 
December 31, 2021$16,418 2,938 5,375 344 105 25,180 
Foreign currency translation 1    1 
March 31, 2022$16,418 2,939 5,375 344 105 25,181 

(in millions)
Community
Banking

 
Wholesale
Banking

 Wealth and Investment Management
 
Consolidated
Company

December 31, 2015$16,849
 7,475
 1,205

25,529
Reduction in goodwill related to divested businesses and other
 (84) (2) (86)
Goodwill from business combinations
 1,245
 
 1,245
September 30, 2016$16,849
 8,636
 1,203
 26,688
December 31, 2016$16,849
 8,585
 1,259
 26,693
Reclassification of goodwill held for sale to Other Assets (1)
 (116) 
 (116)
Reduction in goodwill related to divested businesses and other
 (20) 
 (20)
Goodwill from business combinations
 
 24
 24
September 30, 2017 (1)$16,849
 8,449
 1,283
 26,581
(1)
Goodwill reclassified to held-for-sale in other assets of $116 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 relates to the sales agreement for Wells Fargo Insurance Services USA (and related businesses) and Wells Fargo Shareowner Services. No goodwill was classified as held-for-sale in other assets at December 31, 2016 and 2015.
& Company
99


We assess goodwill for impairment at a reporting unit level, which is one level below the operating segments. See Note 18 (Operating Segments) for further information on management reporting.



Note 10:11:  Guarantees Pledged Assets and CollateralOther Commitments
Guarantees are contracts that contingently require us to make payments to a guaranteed party based on an event or a change in an underlying asset, liability, rate or index. Guarantees are generally in the form of standby and direct pay letters of credit, securities lending and other indemnifications, written put options, recourse obligations, and other types of similar
arrangements. For complete
additional descriptions of our guarantees, see Note 1413 (Guarantees Pledged Assets and Collateral) to Financial StatementsOther Commitments) in our 20162021 Form 10-K. Table 10.111.1 shows carrying value, maximum exposure to loss on our guarantees and the related non-investment grade amounts.

Table 10.1:11.1:Guarantees – Carrying Value and Maximum Exposure to Loss
Maximum exposure to loss 
(in millions)Carrying value of obligation (asset)Expires in one year or lessExpires after one year through three yearsExpires after three years through five yearsExpires after five yearsTotal Non-investment grade
March 31, 2022
Standby letters of credit
$116 14,658 4,952 1,664 433 21,707 6,969 
Direct pay letters of credit12 1,738 1,934 1,216 4 4,892 1,328 
Written options (1)(125)12,202 4,464 553 36 17,255 14,097 
Loans and LHFS sold with recourse (2)17 164 924 3,787 8,506 13,381 11,385 
Exchange and clearing house guarantees    5,590 5,590  
Other guarantees and indemnifications (3) 687 1  277 965 594 
Total guarantees$20 29,449 12,275 7,220 14,846 63,790 34,373 
December 31, 2021
Standby letters of credit$119 13,816 5,260 1,572 460 21,108 6,939 
Direct pay letters of credit1,597 2,137 1,283 5,021 1,373 
Written options (1)(280)12,107 4,575 513 36 17,231 13,645 
Loans and LHFS sold with recourse (2)20 71 943 3,610 8,650 13,274 11,268 
Exchange and clearing house guarantees— — — — 8,100 8,100 — 
Other guarantees and indemnifications (3)— 797 12 263 1,074 756 
Total guarantees$(135)28,388 12,917 6,990 17,513 65,808 33,981 
   Maximum exposure to loss 
(in millions)
Carrying
value of obligation (asset)

 
Expires in
one year
or less

 
Expires after
one year
through
three years

 
Expires after
three years
through
five years

 
Expires
after five
years

 Total
 
Non-
investment
grade

September 30, 2017             
Standby letters of credit (1)$37
 14,045
 8,621
 3,251
 689
 26,606
 8,325
Securities lending and other indemnifications (2)
 
 
 2
 929
 931
 2
Written put options (3)(407) 15,576
 11,921
 4,392
 1,260
 33,149
 19,817
Loans and MHFS sold with recourse (4)51
 203
 508
 914
 9,160
 10,785
 7,964
Factoring guarantees (5)
 775
 
 
 
 775
 711
Other guarantees1
 4
 4
 2
 4,093
 4,103
 7
Total guarantees$(318) 30,603
 21,054
 8,561
 16,131
 76,349
 36,826
December 31, 2016             
Standby letters of credit (1)$38
 16,050
 8,727
 3,194
 658
 28,629
 9,898
Securities lending and other indemnifications (2)
 
 
 1
 1,166
 1,167
 2
Written put options (3)37
 10,427
 10,805
 4,573
 1,216
 27,021
 15,915
Loans and MHFS sold with recourse (4)55
 84
 637
 947
 8,592
 10,260
 7,228
Factoring guarantees (5)
 1,109
 
 
 
 1,109
 1,109
Other guarantees6
 19
 21
 17
 3,580
 3,637
 15
Total guarantees$136
 27,689
 20,190
 8,732
 15,212
 71,823
 34,167
(1)Written options, which are in the form of derivatives, are also included in the derivative disclosures in Note 14 (Derivatives). Carrying value net asset position is a result of certain deferred premium option trades.
(1)
Total maximum exposure to loss includes direct pay letters of credit (DPLCs) of $8.6 billion and $9.2 billion at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively. We issue DPLCs to provide credit enhancements for certain bond issuances. Beneficiaries (bond trustees) may draw upon these instruments to make scheduled principal and interest payments, redeem all outstanding bonds because a default event has occurred, or for other reasons as permitted by the agreement. We also originate multipurpose lending commitments under which borrowers have the option to draw on the facility in one of several forms, including as a standby letter of credit. Total maximum exposure to loss includes the portion of these facilities for which we have issued standby letters of credit under the commitments.
(2)
Includes indemnifications provided to certain third-party clearing agents. Outstanding customer obligations under these arrangements were $92 million and $175 million with related collateral of $837 million and $991 million at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively. Estimated maximum exposure to loss was $929 million at September 30, 2017 and $1.2 billion at December 31, 2016.
(3)Written put options, which are in the form of derivatives, are also included in the derivative disclosures in Note 12 (Derivatives).
(4)
Represent recourse provided, predominantly to the GSEs, on loans sold under various programs and arrangements. Under these arrangements, we repurchased $1 million and $3 million respectively, of loans associated with these agreements in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, and $2 million and $4 million in the same periods of 2016, respectively.
(5)Consists of guarantees made under certain factoring arrangements to purchase trade receivables from third parties, generally upon their request, if receivable debtors default on their payment obligations.

(2)Represents recourse provided, predominantly to the GSEs, on loans sold under various programs and arrangements.
(3)Includes indemnifications provided to certain third-party clearing agents. Estimated maximum exposure to loss was $218 million and $216 million with related collateral of $2.2 billion and $2.3 billion as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
“Maximum exposure to loss” and “Non-investment grade” are required disclosures under GAAP. Maximum exposure to loss represents the estimated loss that would be incurred under an assumed hypothetical circumstance, despite what we believe is a remote possibility, where the value of our interests and any associated collateral declines to zero. Maximum exposure to loss estimates in Table 11.1 do not reflect economic hedges or collateral we could use to offset or recover losses we may incur under our guarantee agreements. Accordingly, this required disclosure is not an indication of expected loss. We believe the carrying value is more representative of our exposure to loss than maximum exposure to loss. The carrying value represents the fair value of the guarantee, if any, and also includes an ACL for guarantees, if applicable. In determining the ACL for guarantees, we consider the credit risk of the related contingent obligation.
Non-investment grade represents those guarantees on which we have a higher risk of being required to performperformance under the terms of the guarantee. If the underlying assets under the guarantee are non-investment grade (that is, an external rating that is below investment grade or an internal credit default grade that is equivalent to a below investment grade external rating), we consider the risk of performance to be high. Internal credit default grades are determined based upon the same credit policies that we use to evaluate the risk of payment or performance when making loans and other extensions of credit. Credit quality indicators we usually consider in evaluating risk of payments or performance are described in Note 54 (Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses).
Maximum exposureWe provide debit and credit card transaction processing services through payment networks directly for merchants and as a sponsor for merchant processing servicers, including our joint venture with a third party that is accounted for as an equity method investment. In our role as the merchant acquiring bank, we have a potential obligation in connection with payment and delivery disputes between the merchant and the cardholder that are resolved in favor of the cardholder, referred to loss represents the estimated loss that would be incurred under an assumed hypothetical circumstance, despite what we believe isas a remote possibility, where the value ofcharge-back transaction. We estimate our interests and any associated collateral declines to zero. Maximum exposure to loss estimates in Table 10.1 do not reflect economic hedges or collateral we could use to offset or recover losses we may incur under our guarantee agreements. Accordingly, this required disclosure is not an indication of expected loss. We believe the carrying value, which is either fair value for derivative-related products or the allowance for lending-related commitments, is more representative of our exposure to loss thanpotential maximum exposure to loss.be the total merchant transaction volume processed in the preceding four months, which is generally the lifecycle for a charge-back transaction. As of March 31, 2022, our potential maximum exposure was approximately $748.8 billion, and related losses, including those from our joint venture entity, were insignificant.

The Parent fully and unconditionally guarantees the payment of principal, interest, and any other amounts that may be due on securities that its 100% owned finance subsidiary, Wells Fargo Finance LLC, may issue. These securities are not guaranteed by any other subsidiary of the Parent. The guaranteed liabilities were $1.1 billion and $1.2 billion at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. These guarantees rank on parity with all of the Parent’s other unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness.
Note 10: Guarantees, Pledged Assets and Collateral (continued)

100Wells Fargo & Company


OTHER COMMITMENTS To meet the financing needs of our customers, we may enter into commitments to purchase debt and equity securities to provide capital for their funding, liquidity or other future needs. As of both March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we had commitments to purchase debt securities of $18 million and commitments to purchase equity securities of $2.3 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively.
As part of maintaining our memberships in certain clearing organizations, we are required to stand ready to provide liquidity to sustain market clearing activity in the event unforeseen events occur or are deemed likely to occur. Certain of these obligations are guarantees of other members’ performance and accordingly are included in Table 11.1 in Other guarantees and indemnifications.
Also, we have commitments to purchase loans and securities under resale agreements from certain counterparties, including central clearing organizations. The amount of our unfunded contractual commitments was $13.2 billion and $11.0 billion as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.
Given the nature of these commitments, they are excluded from Table 4.4 (Unfunded Credit Commitments) in Note 4 (Loans and Related Allowance for Credit Losses).
Wells Fargo & Company101



Note 12:  Pledged Assets and Collateral
Pledged Assets
Table 12.1 provides the carrying amount of on-balance sheet pledged assets and the fair value of other pledged collateral. Other pledged collateral is collateral we have received from third parties, have the right to repledge and is not recognized on our consolidated balance sheet.

TRADING RELATED ACTIVITYOur trading businesses may pledge debt and equity securities in connection with securities sold under agreements to repurchase (repurchase agreements) and securities lending arrangements. The collateral that we pledge related to our trading activities may include our own collateral as well as collateral that we have received from third parties and have the right to repledge. All of the collateral we pledge related to trading activity is eligible to be repledged or sold by the secured party.

NON-TRADING RELATED ACTIVITYAs part of our liquidity management strategy, we may pledge variousloans, debt securities, and
other financial assets to secure trust and public deposits, borrowings and letters of credit from the FHLBFederal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) and FRB, securities sold under agreements to repurchase (repurchase agreements), securities lending arrangements,the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (FRB) and for other purposes as required or permitted by law or insurance statutory requirements. TheSubstantially all of the non-trading activity pledged collateral is not eligible to be repledged or sold by the secured party.

VIE RELATED We pledge assets in connection with various types of collateral we pledge include securities issued by federal agencies, GSEs, domestic and foreign companies and various commercial and consumer loans. Table 10.2 provides the total carrying amount oftransactions entered into with VIEs. These pledged assets by asset type and pledged off-
balance sheet securities for securities financings. The table excludes pledged consolidated VIE assets of $12.9 billion and $13.4 billion at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively, which can only be used to settle the liabilities of those entities. The table
We also excludes $1.1 billion in assets pledged in transactions with VIE's accountedhave loans recorded on our consolidated balance sheet which represent certain delinquent loans that are eligible for as secured borrowings at both September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively.repurchase from GNMA loan securitizations. See Note 78 (Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities) for additional information on consolidated VIE assets and secured borrowings.assets.
Table 10.2:12.1:Pledged Assets
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

Trading assets and other (1)$100,160
 84,603
Investment securities (2)67,142
 90,946
Mortgages held for sale and loans (3)480,422
 516,112
Total pledged assets$647,724
 691,661
(1)
Consists of trading assets of $40.1 billion and $33.2 billion at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively and off-balance sheet securities of $60.1 billion and $51.4 billion as of the same dates, respectively, that are pledged as collateral for repurchase agreements and other securities financings. Total trading assets and other includes $100.1 billion and $84.2 billion at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively that permit the secured parties to sell or repledge the collateral.
(2)
Includes carrying value of $5.0 billion and $6.2 billion (fair value of $5.0 billion and $6.2 billion) in collateral for repurchase agreements at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively, which are pledged under agreements that do not permit the secured parties to sell or repledge the collateral. Also includes $84 million and $617 million in collateral pledged under repurchase agreements at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively, that permit the secured parties to sell or repledge the collateral. All other pledged securities are pursuant to agreements that do not permit the secured party to sell or repledge the collateral.
(3)
Includes mortgages held for sale of $1.3 billion and $15.8 billion at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively. Substantially all of the total mortgages held for sale and loans are pledged under agreements that do not permit the secured parties to sell or repledge the collateral. Amounts exclude $1.3 billion and $1.2 billion at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively, of pledged loans recorded on our balance sheet representing certain delinquent loans that are eligible for repurchase from GNMA loan securitizations.




(in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Related to trading activities:
Repledged third-party owned debt and equity securities$28,120 31,087 
Trading debt securities and other18,464 14,216 
Equity securities1,276 984 
Total pledged assets related to trading activities47,860 46,287 
Related to non-trading activities:
Loans285,659 288,698 
Debt securities:
Available-for-sale57,663 65,198 
Held-to-maturity11,475 13,843 
Other financial assets565 1,600 
Total pledged assets related to non-trading activities355,362 369,339 
Related to VIEs:
Consolidated VIE assets5,170 4,781 
Loans eligible for repurchase from GNMA securitizations36 109 
Total pledged assets related to VIEs5,206 4,890 
Total pledged assets$408,428 420,516 
Securities Financing Activities
We enter into resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowing and lending agreements (collectively, “securities financing activities”) typically to finance trading positions (including securities and derivatives), acquire securities to cover short trading positions, accommodate customers’ financing needs, and settle other securities obligations. These activities are conducted through our broker dealerbroker-dealer subsidiaries and, to a lesser extent, through other bank entities. Most of ourOur securities financing activities primarily involve high quality,high-quality, liquid securities such as U.S. Treasury securities and government agency securities and, to a lesser extent, less liquid securities, including equity securities, corporate bonds and asset-backed securities. We account for these transactions as collateralized financings in which we typically receive or pledge securities as collateral. We believe these financing transactions generally do not have material credit risk given the collateral provided and the related monitoring processes.


OFFSETTING OF RESALE AND REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS AND SECURITIES BORROWING AND LENDING AGREEMENTSFINANCING ACTIVITIES Table 10.312.2 presents resale and repurchase agreements subject to master repurchase agreements (MRA) and securities borrowing and lending agreements subject to master securities lending agreements (MSLA). We account for
transactions subject to these agreements as collateralizedCollateralized financings, and those with a single counterparty, are presented net on our consolidated balance sheet, provided certain criteria are met that permit balance sheet netting. MostThe majority of transactions subject to these agreements do not meet those criteria and thus are not eligible for balance sheet netting.
Collateral we pledged consists of non-cash instruments, such as securities or loans, and is not netted on the consolidated balance sheet against the related liability. Collateral we received includes securities or loans and is not recognized on our consolidated balance sheet. Collateral pledged or received may be increased or decreased over time to maintain certain contractual thresholds, as the assets underlying each arrangement fluctuate in value. Generally, these agreements require collateral to exceed the asset or liability recognized on
102Wells Fargo & Company


the balance sheet. The following table includes the amount of collateral pledged or received related to exposures subject to enforceable MRAs or MSLAs. While these agreements are typically over-collateralized, U.S. GAAP requires disclosure in this table to limit the reported amount of such collateral to the
amount of the related recognized asset or liability for each counterparty.
In addition to the amounts included in Table 10.3,12.2, we also have balance sheet netting related to derivatives that is disclosed in Note 1214 (Derivatives).
Table 10.3:12.2:Offsetting – ResaleSecurities Financing Activities
(in millions)
Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Assets:
Resale and securities borrowing agreements
Gross amounts recognized$105,614 103,140 
Gross amounts offset in consolidated balance sheet (1)(14,992)(14,074)
Net amounts in consolidated balance sheet (2)90,622 89,066 
Collateral not recognized in consolidated balance sheet (3)(89,845)(88,330)
Net amount (4)$777 736 
Liabilities:
Repurchase and securities lending agreements
Gross amounts recognized$34,752 35,043 
Gross amounts offset in consolidated balance sheet (1)(14,992)(14,074)
Net amounts in consolidated balance sheet (5)19,760 20,969 
Collateral pledged but not netted in consolidated balance sheet (6)(19,555)(20,820)
Net amount (4)$205 149 
(1)Represents recognized amount of resale and Repurchase Agreementsrepurchase agreements with counterparties subject to enforceable MRAs that have been offset in the consolidated balance sheet.
(2)Includes $67.7 billion and $66.2 billion classified on our consolidated balance sheet in federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively. Also includes securities purchased under long-term resale agreements (generally one year or more) classified in loans, which totaled $22.9 billion and $22.9 billion, at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.
(in millions)Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

Assets:   
Resale and securities borrowing agreements   
Gross amounts recognized$109,529
 91,123
Gross amounts offset in consolidated balance sheet (1)(22,954) (11,680)
Net amounts in consolidated balance sheet (2)86,575
 79,443
Collateral not recognized in consolidated balance sheet (3)(85,777) (78,837)
Net amount (4)$798
 606
Liabilities:   
Repurchase and securities lending agreements   
Gross amounts recognized (5)$102,281
 89,111
Gross amounts offset in consolidated balance sheet (1)(22,954) (11,680)
Net amounts in consolidated balance sheet (6)79,327
 77,431
Collateral pledged but not netted in consolidated balance sheet (7)(79,060) (77,184)
Net amount (8)$267
 247
(1)Represents recognized amount of resale and repurchase agreements with counterparties subject to enforceable MRAs that have been offset in the consolidated balance sheet.
(2)
At September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, includes $66.0 billion and $58.1 billion, respectively, classified on our consolidated balance sheet in federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments and $20.6 billionand $21.3 billion, respectively, in loans.
(3)
Represents the fair value of collateral we have received under enforceable MRAs or MSLAs, limited for table presentation purposes to the amount of the recognized asset due from each counterparty. At September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, we have received total collateral with a fair value of $120.5 billion and $102.3 billion, respectively, all of which, we have the right to sell or repledge. These amounts include securities we have sold or repledged to others with a fair value of $58.4 billion at September 30, 2017, and $50.0 billion at December 31, 2016.
(4)Represents the amount of our exposure that is not collateralized and/or is not subject to an enforceable MRA or MSLA.
(5)For additional information on underlying collateral and contractual maturities, see the “Repurchase and Securities Lending Agreements” section in this Note.
(6)Amount is classified in short-term borrowings on our consolidated balance sheet.
(7)
Represents the fair value of collateral we have pledged, related to enforceable MRAs or MSLAs, limited for table presentation purposes to the amount of the recognized liability owed to each counterparty. At September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, we have pledged total collateral with a fair value of $104.2 billion and $91.4 billion, respectively, of which, the counterparty does not have the right to sell or repledge $5.0 billion as of September 30, 2017 and $6.6 billion as of December 31, 2016.
(8)Represents the amount of our obligation that is not covered by pledged collateral and/or is not subject to an enforceable MRA or MSLA.

(3)Represents the fair value of collateral we have received under enforceable MRAs or MSLAs, limited in the table above to the amount of the recognized asset due from each counterparty. At March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, we have received total collateral with a fair value of $128.2 billion and $124.4 billion, respectively, all of which we have the right to sell or repledge. These amounts include securities we have sold or repledged to others with a fair value of $26.3 billion and $28.8 billion at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.
(4)Represents the amount of our exposure (assets) or obligation (liabilities) that is not collateralized and/or is not subject to an enforceable MRA or MSLA.
Note 10: Guarantees, Pledged Assets(5)Amount is classified in short-term borrowings on our consolidated balance sheet.
(6)Represents the fair value of collateral we have pledged, related to enforceable MRAs or MSLAs, limited in the table above to the amount of the recognized liability owed to each counterparty. At March 31, 2022, and Collateral (continued)

December 31, 2021, we have pledged total collateral with a fair value of $35.7 billion and $35.9 billion, respectively, substantially all of which may be sold or repledged by the counterparty.
REPURCHASE AND SECURITIES LENDING AGREEMENTS Securities sold under repurchase agreements and securities lending arrangements are effectively short-term collateralized borrowings. In these transactions, we receive cash in exchange for transferring securities as collateral and recognize an obligation to reacquire the securities for cash at the transaction'stransaction’s maturity. These types of transactions create risks, including (1) the counterparty may fail to return the securities at maturity, (2) the fair value of the securities transferred may decline below the amount of our obligation to reacquire the securities, and therefore create an obligation for us to pledge additional amounts, and (3) the counterparty may accelerate the maturity
on demand, requiring us to reacquire the security prior to contractual maturity. We attempt to mitigate these risks by the fact that mostin various ways. Our collateral primarily consists of our securities financing activities involve highly liquid securities,securities. In addition, we underwrite and monitor the financial strength of our counterparties, we monitor the fair value of collateral pledged relative to contractually required repurchase amounts, and we monitor that our collateral is properly returned through the clearing and settlement process in advance of our cash repayment. Table 10.412.3 provides the underlying collateral typesgross amounts recognized on the consolidated balance sheet (before the effects of offsetting) of our gross obligations underliabilities for repurchase and securities lending agreements.agreements disaggregated by underlying collateral type.
Table 10.4:Underlying Collateral Types of Gross Obligations
(in millions) Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

Repurchase agreements:    
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies $44,312
 34,335
Securities of U.S. States and political subdivisions 120
 81
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities 33,456
 32,669
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities 1,548
 2,167
Corporate debt securities 7,381
 6,829
Asset-backed securities 1,873
 3,010
Equity securities 368
 1,309
Other 1,300
 1,704
Total repurchases 90,358
 82,104
Securities lending:    
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies 134
 152
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities 80
 104
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities 
 1
Corporate debt securities 592
 653
Equity securities (1) 11,117
 6,097
Total securities lending 11,923
 7,007
Total repurchases and securities lending $102,281
 89,111
(1)Equity securities are generally exchange traded and either re-hypothecated under margin lending agreements or obtained through contemporaneous securities borrowing transactions with other counterparties.Wells Fargo & Company103



Note 12:  Pledged Assets and Collateral (continued)
Table 12.3:Gross Obligations by Underlying Collateral Type
(in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Repurchase agreements:
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$16,141 14,956 
Securities of U.S. States and political subdivisions1 
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities2,326 3,432 
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities759 809 
Corporate debt securities8,215 8,899 
Asset-backed securities473 358 
Equity securities1,217 919 
Other241 409 
Total repurchases29,373 29,783 
Securities lending arrangements:
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies117 33 
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities17 17 
Corporate debt securities126 80 
Equity securities (1)5,067 5,050 
Other52 80 
Total securities lending5,379 5,260 
Total repurchases and securities lending$34,752 35,043 
(1)Equity securities are generally exchange traded and represent collateral received from third parties that has been repledged. We received the collateral through either margin lending agreements or contemporaneous securities borrowing transactions with other counterparties.
Table 10.512.4 provides the contractual maturities of our gross obligations under repurchase and securities lending agreements.
Table 10.5:12.4:Contractual Maturities of Gross Obligations
(in millions)Overnight/continuousUp to 30 days30-90 days>90 daysTotal gross obligation
March 31, 2022
Repurchase agreements$18,187 1,262 4,139 5,785 29,373 
Securities lending arrangements4,929   450 5,379 
Total repurchases and securities lending (1)$23,116 1,262 4,139 6,235 34,752 
December 31, 2021
Repurchase agreements$16,452 3,570 4,276 5,485 29,783 
Securities lending arrangements4,810 — — 450 5,260 
Total repurchases and securities lending (1)$21,262 3,570 4,276 5,935 35,043 
(1)Securities lending is executed under agreements that allow either party to terminate the transaction without notice, while repurchase agreements have a term structure to them that technically matures at a point in time. The overnight/continuous repurchase agreements require election of both parties to roll the trade rather than the election to terminate the arrangement as in securities lending.
(in millions)Overnight/continuous
 Up to 30 days
 30-90 days
 >90 days
 Total gross obligation
September 30, 2017         
Repurchase agreements$73,953
 8,212
 3,898
 4,295
 90,358
Securities lending9,765
 405
 1,753
 
 11,923
Total repurchases and securities lending (1)$83,718
 8,617
 5,651
 4,295
 102,281
December 31, 2016 
Repurchase agreements$60,516
 9,598
 6,762
 5,228
 82,104
Securities lending5,565
 167
 1,275
 
 7,007
Total repurchases and securities lending (1)$66,081
 9,765
 8,037
 5,228
 89,111
(1)104Securities lending is executed under agreements that allow either party to terminate the transaction without notice, while repurchase agreements have a term structure to them that technically matures at a point in time. The overnight/continuous repurchase agreements require election of both parties to roll the trade rather than the election to terminate the arrangement as in securities lending.Wells Fargo & Company




Note 11:13:  Legal Actions
Wells Fargo and certain of our subsidiaries are involved in a number of judicial, regulatory, governmental, arbitration, and other proceedings or investigations concerning matters arising from the conduct of our business activities, and many of those proceedings and investigations expose Wells Fargo to potential financial loss.loss or other adverse consequences. These proceedings and investigations include actions brought against Wells Fargo and/or our subsidiaries with respect to corporate-related matters and transactions in which Wells Fargo and/or our subsidiaries were involved. In addition, Wells Fargo and our subsidiaries may be requested to provide information to or otherwise cooperate with government authorities in the conduct of investigations of other persons or industry groups.
Although there can be no assurance as to the ultimate outcome, Wells Fargo and/or our subsidiaries have generally denied, or believe we have a meritorious defense and will deny, liability in all significant legal actions pending against us, including the matters described below, and we intend to defend vigorously each case, other than matters we describe as having settled. We establish accruals for legal actions when potential losses associated with the actions become probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. For such accruals, we record the amount we consider to be the best estimate within a range of potential losses that are both probable and estimable; however, if we cannot determine a best estimate, then we record the low end of the range of those potential losses. TheThere can be no assurance as to the ultimate outcome of legal actions, including the matters described below, and the actual costs of resolving legal actions may be substantially higher or lower than the amounts accrued for those actions.
ATM ACCESS FEE LITIGATION In October 2011, plaintiffs filed a putative class action, Mackmin, et.et al. v. Visa, Inc. et.et al., against Wells Fargo & Company, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., Visa, MasterCard, and several other banks in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia. Plaintiffs allege that the Visa and MasterCard requirement that if an ATM operator charges an access fee on Visa and MasterCard transactions, then that fee cannot be greater than the access fee charged for transactions on other networks, violates antitrust rules. Plaintiffs seek treble damages, restitution, injunctive relief, and attorneys’ fees where available under federal and state law. Two other antitrust cases whichthat make similar allegations were filed in the same court, but these cases did not name Wells Fargo as a defendant. On February 13, 2013, the district court granted defendants’ motions to dismiss the three3 actions. Plaintiffs appealed the dismissals and, on August 4, 2015, the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit vacated the district court’s decisions and remanded the three3 cases to the district court for further proceedings. On June 28, 2016, the United States Supreme Court granted defendants’ petitions for writ of certiorari to review the decisions of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. On November 17, 2016, the United States Supreme Court dismissed the petitions as improvidently granted, and the three3 cases returned to the district court for further proceedings. In November 2021, the district court granted preliminary approval of an agreement pursuant to which the Company will pay $20.8 million in order to resolve the cases.
AUTOMOBILE LENDING MATTERS As On April 20, 2018, the Company centralizes operations in its dealer services businessentered into consent orders with the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) and tightens controls and oversight of third-partythe Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) to resolve, among other things, investigations by the agencies into the Company’s compliance risk management program and its past practices involving certain automobile collateral protection insurance (CPI) policies and certain mortgage interest rate lock extensions. The consent orders
require remediation to customers and the Company anticipates it will identify and remediate issues relatedpayment of a total of $1.0 billion in civil money penalties to historical practices concerning the origination, servicing, and/or collection of consumer automobile loans, including related insurance products. For example, inagencies. In July 2017, the Company announced a plan to remediate customers who may have been
financially harmed due to issues related to automobile collateral protection insurance (CPI)CPI policies purchased through a third-party vendor on their behalf. The Company determined that certain external vendor processes and operational controls were inadequate and, as a result, customers may have been charged premiums for CPI even if they were paying for their own vehicle insurance, as required, and in some cases the CPI premiums may have contributed to a default that led to their vehicle’s repossession. The Company discontinued the practice of placing CPI in September 2016. Multiple putative class action casesactions alleging, among other things, unfair and deceptive practices relating to these CPI policies, have beenwere filed against the Company and consolidated into one1 multi-district litigation in the United States District Court for the Central District of California. Further,As previously disclosed, the Company entered into a settlement to resolve the multi-district litigation. Shareholders also filed a putative securities fraud class action against the Company and its executive officers alleging material misstatements and omissions of CPI-related information in the Company’s public disclosures. In January 2020, the court dismissed this action as to all defendants except the Company and a former team member hasexecutive officer and limited the action to two alleged retaliation for raising concerns regarding automobile lending practices.misstatements. In addition, the Company has identified certain issuesis subject to a class action in the United States District Court for the Central District of California alleging that customers are entitled to refunds related to the unused portion of guaranteed automobile protection (GAP) waiver or insurance agreements between the customer and dealer and, by assignment, the lender,lender. In November 2021, the court granted final approval of an agreement pursuant to which may resultthe Company agreed to pay $45 million and make certain changes to its GAP refund practices in refundsorder to customers in certain states.settle the action. Allegations related to both the CPI and GAP programs arewere among the subjects of twoa shareholder derivative lawsuits filedlawsuit in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, which has been dismissed. In addition, federal and state court. Thesegovernment agencies, including the CFPB, have undertaken formal or informal inquiries, investigations, or examinations regarding these and other issues related to the origination, servicing, and/orand collection of consumer automobileauto loans, including related insurance products, have also subjectedproducts. As previously disclosed, the Company entered into an agreement to formalresolve investigations by state attorneys general.
COMMERCIAL LENDING SHAREHOLDER LITIGATION In October and November 2020, plaintiffs filed two putative securities fraud class actions, which were consolidated into 1 lawsuit pending in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California alleging that the Company and certain of its current and former officers made false and misleading statements or informal inquiries, investigationsomissions regarding, among other things, the Company’s commercial lending underwriting practices, the credit quality of its commercial credit portfolios, and the value of its commercial loans, collateralized loan obligations and commercial mortgage-backed securities.

COMPANY 401(K) PLAN REGULATORY INVESTIGATIONS Federal government agencies, including the United States Department of Labor, are reviewing certain transactions associated with the Employee Stock Ownership Plan feature of the Company’s 401(k) plan, including the manner in which the 401(k) plan purchased certain securities used in connection with the Company’s contributions to the 401(k) plan. The Company is in resolution discussions with the Department of Labor, although there can be no assurance as to the outcome of these discussions.

Wells Fargo & Company105


Note 13:  Legal Actions (continued)
CONSENT ORDER DISCLOSURE LITIGATION Wells Fargo shareholders have brought a putative securities fraud class action in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York alleging that the Company and certain of its current and former executive officers and directors made false or examinations from federalmisleading statements regarding the Company’s efforts to comply with the February 2018 consent order with the Federal Reserve Board and the April 2018 consent orders with the CFPB and OCC. Allegations related to the Company’s efforts to comply with these three consent orders were also among the subjects of a shareholder derivative lawsuit filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. On February 4, 2022, the district court granted the Company's motion to dismiss the shareholder derivative lawsuit. On April 19, 2022, shareholders filed a new derivative lawsuit in California state government agencies.court making similar allegations.
CONSUMER DEPOSIT ACCOUNT RELATED REGULATORY INVESTIGATIONINVESTIGATIONS The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the “CFPB”) has commencedCFPB is conducting an investigation into whether customers were unduly harmed by the Company’s procedures regardinghistorical practices associated with the freezing (and, in many cases, closing) of consumer deposit accounts after the Company detected suspected fraudulent activity (by third-partiesthird parties or account holders) that affected those accounts. The CFPB is also investigating certain of the Company’s past disclosures to customers regarding the minimum qualifying debit card usage required for customers to receive a waiver of monthly service fees on certain consumer deposit accounts.
INADVERTENT CLIENT INFORMATION DISCLOSURE In July 2017, the Company inadvertently provided certain client information in response to a third-party subpoena issued in a civil litigation. The Company obtained permanent injunctions in New Jersey and New York state courts requiring the electronic data and all copies to be delivered to the New Jersey state court and the Company for safekeeping. The Company has made voluntary self-disclosure to various state and federal regulatory agencies. Notifications have been sent to clients whose personal identifying data was contained in the inadvertent production.
INTERCHANGE LITIGATIONPlaintiffs representing a putative class of merchants have filed putative class actions, and individual merchants have filed individual actions, against Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., Wells Fargo & Company, Wachovia Bank, N.A., and Wachovia Corporation regarding the interchange fees associated with Visa and MasterCard payment card transactions. Visa, MasterCard, and several other banks and bank holding companies are also named as defendants in these actions. These actions have been consolidated in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York. The amended and consolidated complaint asserts claims against defendants based on alleged violations of federal and state antitrust laws and seeks damages, as well as injunctive relief. Plaintiff merchants allege that Visa, MasterCard, and payment card issuing banks unlawfully
Note 11: Legal Actions (continued)

colluded to set interchange rates. Plaintiffs also allege that enforcement of certain Visa and MasterCard rules and alleged tying and bundling of services offered to merchants are anticompetitive. Wells Fargo and Wachovia, along with other defendants and entities, are parties to Loss and Judgment Sharing Agreements, which provide that they, along with other entities, will share, based on a formula, in any losses from the Interchange Litigation. On July 13, 2012, Visa, MasterCard, and the financial institution defendants, including Wells Fargo, signed a memorandum of understanding with plaintiff merchants to resolve the consolidated class action and reached a separate settlement in principle of the consolidated individual actions. The settlement payments to be made by all defendants in the consolidated class and individual actions totaled approximately $6.6 billion before reductions applicable to certain merchants opting out of the settlement. The class settlement also provided for the distribution to class merchants of 10 basis points of default interchange across all credit rate categories for a period of eight consecutive months. The district court granted final approval of the settlement, which was appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit by settlement objector merchants. Other merchants opted out of the
settlement and are pursuing several individual actions. On June 30, 2016, the Second Circuit vacated the settlement agreement and reversed and remanded the consolidated action to the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York for further proceedings. On November 23, 2016, prior class counsel filed a petition to the United States Supreme Court, seeking review of the reversal of the settlement by the Second Circuit, and the Supreme Court denied the petition on March 27, 2017. On November 30, 2016, the district court appointed lead class counsel for a damages class and an equitable relief class. The parties have entered into a settlement agreement to resolve the money damages class claims pursuant to which defendants will pay a total of approximately $6.2 billion, which includes approximately $5.3 billion of funds remaining from the 2012 settlement and $900 million in additional funding. The Company’s allocated responsibility for the additional funding is approximately $94.5 million. The court granted final approval of the settlement on December 13, 2019, which was appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit by settlement objector merchants. On September 27, 2021, the district court granted the plaintiffs’ motion for class certification in the equitable relief case. Several of the opt-out and direct action litigations werehave been settled during the pendency of the Second Circuit appeal while others remain pending. Discovery is proceeding in the opt-out litigations and the remanded class cases.
MORTGAGE BANKRUPTCY LOAN MODIFICATION LITIGATION LENDING MATTERSPlaintiffs representing a putative class of mortgage borrowers who were debtors in Chapter 13 bankruptcy cases, filed aseparate putative class action, Cotton, et al.actions, Hernandez v. Wells Fargo, et alal., Coordes v. Wells Fargo, et al., Ryder v. Wells Fargo, Liguori v. Wells Fargo, and Dore v. Wells Fargo, against Wells Fargo & Company and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., in the United States BankruptcyDistrict Court for the Northern District of California, the United States District Court for the District of Washington, the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio, the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York, and the United States District Court for the Western District of North Carolina on June 7, 2017. The plaintiffs allegePennsylvania, respectively. Plaintiffs alleged that Wells Fargo improperly denied mortgage loan modifications or repayment plans to customers in the foreclosure process due to the overstatement of foreclosure attorneys’ fees that were included for purposes of determining whether a customer in the foreclosure process qualified for a mortgage loan modification or repayment plan. The Company entered into agreements to settle the Hernandez case in two phases, an initial $18.5 million class settlement that was approved by the district court in October 2020 and unilaterally modifiedan additional $22 million class settlement that was approved by the mortgages ofdistrict court in January 2022 in order to include additional borrowers who should have been included in the initial settlement class. In addition, the Company entered into an agreement in the Ryder case pursuant to which the Company paid $12 million to cover other impacted borrowers who were debtors in Chapter 13 bankruptcy cases. The plaintiffs allege that Wells Fargo implemented these modifications by improperly filing mortgage payment change notices in Chapter 13 bankruptcy cases, in violation of bankruptcy rules and process. The amended complaint asserts claims based on, among other things, alleged fraud, violations of bankruptcy rules and laws, and unfair and deceptive trade practices. The amended complaint seeks monetary damages, attorneys’ fees, and declaratory and injunctive relief.

MORTGAGE INTEREST RATE LOCK RELATED REGULATORY INVESTIGATION The CFPB has commenced an investigation into the Company’s policies and procedures regarding the circumstances in which the Company required customers to pay fees for the extension of interest rate lock periods for residential mortgages. On October 4, 2017, the Company announced plans to reach out to all home lending customers who paid fees for mortgage rate lock extensions requested from September 16, 2013, through February 28, 2017, and to refund customers who believe they shouldn't have paid those fees. The Company is named in two putative class actions, filednot included in the United States
District Courts forHernandez case, which was approved by the Central District of California district court in January 2022. The Dore,Coordes, and the Northern District of California, alleging violations of federal and state consumer fraud statutes relating to mortgage rate lock extension fees. Liguori cases have been voluntarily dismissed. In addition, former team members have asserted claims, including in pending litigation, that they were terminated for raising concerns regarding these policies and procedures. Allegations related to mortgage interest rate lock extension fees are also among the subjects of two shareholder derivative lawsuits filed in California state court.
MORTGAGE RELATED REGULATORY INVESTIGATIONS Federalfederal and state government agencies, including the United States DepartmentCFPB, have undertaken formal or informal inquiries or investigations regarding these and other mortgage servicing matters. On September 9, 2021, the OCC assessed a $250 million civil money penalty against the Company regarding loss mitigation activities in the Company’s Home Lending business and insufficient progress in addressing requirements under the OCC’s April 2018 consent order. In addition, on September 9, 2021, the Company entered into a consent order with the OCC requiring the Company to improve the execution, risk management, and oversight of Justice (the “Departmentloss mitigation activities in its Home Lending business.
106Wells Fargo & Company


NOMURA/NATIXIS MORTGAGE-RELATED LITIGATION In August 2014 and August 2015, Nomura Credit & Capital Inc. (Nomura) and Natixis Real Estate Holdings, LLC (Natixis) filed a total of Justice”), continue investigations or examinations of certain mortgage related activities of7 third-party complaints against Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., in New York state court. In the underlying first-party actions, Nomura and predecessor institutions.Natixis have been sued for alleged breaches of representations and warranties made in connection with residential mortgage-backed securities sponsored by them. In the third-party actions, Nomura and Natixis allege that Wells Fargo, for itselfas master servicer, primary servicer or securities administrator, failed to notify Nomura and for predecessor institutions, has responded,Natixis of their own breaches, failed to properly oversee the primary servicers, and continuesfailed to respond,adhere to requests from these agencies seeking information regarding the origination, underwriting and securitization of residential mortgages, including sub-prime mortgages. These agencies have advanced theories of purported liability with respect to certain of these activities. The Department of Justice andaccepted servicing practices. Natixis additionally alleges that Wells Fargo continuefailed to discuss the matter, including potential settlement of the Department of Justice's concerns; however, litigation with these agencies, including with the Department of Justice, remains a possibility. Other financial institutions haveperform default oversight duties. In March 2022, Wells Fargo entered into similar settlements with these agencies,an agreement to settle the naturesix actions filed by Nomura, and the actions have been voluntarily dismissed. In the remaining action filed by Natixis, Wells Fargo has asserted counterclaims alleging that Natixis failed to provide Wells Fargo notice of which related to the specific activities of those financial institutions, including the imposition of significant financial penaltiesits representation and remedial actions.warranty breaches.
OFAC RELATED INVESTIGATION The Company has self-identified an issue whereby certain foreign banks utilized a Wells Fargo software-based solution to conduct import/export trade-related financing transactions with countries and entities prohibited by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (“OFAC”)(OFAC) of the United States Department of the Treasury. We do not believe any funds related to these transactions flowed through accounts at Wells Fargo as a result of the aforementioned conduct. The Company has made voluntary self-disclosures to OFAC and ishas been cooperating with investigations or inquiries arising out of this matter by federal government agencies. The Company is in resolution discussions with certain of these agencies, although there can be no assurance as to the outcome of these discussions.
RETAIL SALES PRACTICES MATTERSFederal and state government agencies, including the United States Department of Justice (Department of Justice) and the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), have undertaken formal or informal inquiries or investigations arising out of certain retail sales practices of the Company that were the subject of settlements with the CFPB, the OCC, and the Office of the Los Angeles City Attorney announced by the Company on September 8, 2016. On February 21, 2020, the Company entered into an inquiry fromagreement with the Department of Justice.
ORDER OF POSTING LITIGATION Plaintiffs filed a seriesJustice to resolve the Department of putative class actions against Wachovia Bank, N.A. and Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.,Justice’s criminal investigation into the Company’s retail sales practices, as well as many other banks, challenginga separate agreement to resolve the “highDepartment of Justice’s civil investigation. As part of the Department of Justice criminal settlement, no charges will be filed against the Company provided the Company abides by all the terms of the agreement. The Department of Justice criminal settlement also includes the Company’s agreement that the facts set forth in the settlement document constitute sufficient facts for the finding of criminal violations of statutes regarding bank records and personal information. On February 21, 2020, the Company also entered into an order to low”resolve the SEC’s investigation arising out of the Company’s retail sales practices. The SEC order incontains a finding, to which the banks post debit card transactions to consumer deposit accounts. MostCompany consented, that the facts set forth include violations of these actions were consolidated in multi-district litigation proceedings (the “MDL proceedings”) in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida. The court in the MDL proceedings has certified a class of putative plaintiffs, and Wells Fargo moved to compel arbitrationSection 10(b) of the claimsSecurities Exchange Act of unnamed class members.1934 and Rule 10b-5 thereunder. As part of the resolution of the Department of Justice and SEC investigations, the Company made payments totaling $3.0 billion. The court deniedCompany has also entered into agreements to resolve other government agency investigations, including investigations by the motionsstate attorneys general. In addition, a number of lawsuits were filed by
non-governmental parties seeking damages or other remedies related to compel arbitration on October 17, 2016. Wells Fargo has appealed this decisionthese retail sales practices. As previously disclosed, the Company entered into various settlements to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit.resolve these lawsuits.

RMBS TRUSTEE LITIGATION In NovemberDecember 2014, a group of institutional investors (the “Institutional Investor Plaintiffs”), including funds affiliated with BlackRock, Inc.,Phoenix Light SF Limited and certain related entities filed a putative class actioncomplaint in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York alleging claims against Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., alleging claims against the Company in its capacity as trustee for a number of residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS) trusts (the “Federal Court Complaint”). Similar complaintstrusts. Complaints raising similar allegations have been filed against other trustees in various courts, includingby Commerzbank AG in the Southern District of New York and by IKB International and IKB Deutsche Industriebank in New

York state court, and in other states, by RMBS investors. The Federal Court Complaint allegescourt. In each case, the plaintiffs allege that Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as trustee, caused losses to investors, and assertsplaintiffs assert causes of action based upon, among other things, the trustee'strustee’s alleged failure to notify and enforce repurchase obligations of mortgage loan sellers for purported breaches of representations and warranties, notify investors of alleged events of default, and abide by appropriate standards of care following alleged events of default. Plaintiffs seek money damages inThe Company previously settled 2 class actions filed by institutional investors and an unspecified amount, reimbursement of expenses,action filed by the National Credit Union Administration with similar allegations. In addition, Park Royal I LLC and equitable relief. In December 2014 and December 2015, certain other investorsPark Royal II LLC have filed four complaints alleging similar claims against Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. in the Southern District of New York (the “Related Federal Cases”), and the various cases pending against Wells Fargo are proceeding before the same judge. On January 19, 2016, the Southern District of New York entered an order in connection with the Federal Court Complaint dismissing claims related to certain of the trusts at issue (the “Dismissed Trusts”). The Company's motion to dismiss the Federal Court Complaint and the complaints for the Related Federal Cases was granted in part and denied in part in March 2017. In May 2017, the Company filed third-party complaints against certain investment advisors affiliated with the Institutional Investor Plaintiffs seeking contribution with respect to claims alleged in the Federal Court Complaint.
A complaint raising similar allegations to the Federal Court Complaint was filed in May 2016that were consolidated in New York state court by a different plaintiff investor. In addition, the Institutional Investor Plaintiffs subsequentlyalleging Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as trustee, failed to take appropriate actions upon learning of defective mortgage loan documentation.

SEMINOLE TRIBE TRUSTEE LITIGATION The Seminole Tribe of Florida filed a complaint relating to the Dismissed Trusts and certain additional trusts in CaliforniaFlorida state court (the “California Action”). The California Action was subsequently dismissed in September 2016. In December 2016, the Institutional Investor Plaintiffs filed a new putative class action complaint in New York state court in respect of 261 RMBS trusts, including the Dismissed Trusts, for whichalleging that Wells Fargo, Bank, N.A. serves or served as trustee, (the “State Court Action”). The Company has moved to dismiss the State Court Action.
In July 2017, certain of the plaintiffs from the State Court Action filed a civil complaint relating to Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.'s setting aside reserves for legalcharged excess fees and expenses in connection with the liquidationadministration of eleven RMBS trusts at issue ina minor’s trust and failed to invest the State Court Action.assets of the trust prudently. The complaint seeks, among other relief, declarations that Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. is not entitledwas later amended to indemnification, the advancement of funds or the taking of reserves from trust funds for legal fees and expenses it incurs in defending the claims in the State Court Action. In September 2017, one of the plaintiffs in the Related Federal Cases filed a similar complaint in the Southern District of New York seeking declaratory and injunctive relief and money damages on aninclude 3 individual and class action basis.

SALES PRACTICES MATTERS Federal, state and local government agencies, including the Department of Justice, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission and the United States Department of Labor, and state attorneys general and prosecutors’ offices, as well as Congressional committees, have undertaken formal or informal inquiries, investigations or examinations arising out of certain sales practices of the Company that were the subject of settlements with the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and the Office of the Los Angeles City Attorney announced by the Company on September 8, 2016. The Company has responded, and
continues to respond, to requests from a number of the foregoing seeking information regarding these sales practices and the circumstances of the settlements and related matters.
In addition, a number of lawsuits have also been filed by non-governmental parties seeking damages or other remedies related to these sales practices. First, various class plaintiffs purporting to represent consumers who allege that they received products or services without their authorization or consent have brought separate putative class actions against the Company in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California and various other jurisdictions. In April 2017, the Company entered into a settlement agreement in the first-filed action, Jabbari v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., to resolve claims regarding certain products or services provided without authorization or consent for the time period May 1, 2002 to April 20, 2017. Pursuant to the settlement, the Company will pay $142 million for remediation, attorneys’ fees, and settlement fund claims administration. In the unlikely event that the $142 million settlement total is not enough to provide remediation, pay attorneys' fees, pay settlement fund claims administration costs, and have at least $25 million left over to distribute to all class members, the Company will contribute additional funds to the settlement. In addition, in the unlikely event that the number of unauthorized accounts identified by settlement class members in the claims process and not disputed by the claims administrator exceeds plaintiffs’ 3.5 million account estimate, the Company will proportionately increase the $25 million reserve so that the ratio of reserve to unauthorized accounts is no less than what was implied by plaintiffs’ estimate at the time of the district court’s preliminary approval of the settlement in July 2017. A final approval hearing has been scheduled for the first quarter of 2018. Second, Wells Fargo shareholders are pursuing a consolidated securities fraud class action in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California alleging certain misstatements and omissions in the Company’s disclosures related to sales practices matters. Third, Wells Fargo shareholders have brought numerous shareholder derivative lawsuits asserting breach of fiduciary duty claims, among others, against current and former directorsbeneficiaries as plaintiffs and officers for their alleged failure to detect and prevent sales practices issues, which were consolidated into two separate actions inremove the United States District Court forTribe as a party to the Northern District of California and California state court, as well as two separate actions in Delaware state court. Fourth, a range of employment litigation has been brought againstcase. Wells Fargo including an Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) class action infiled a petition to remove the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota brought on behalf of 401(k) plan participants; class actions pending in the United States District Courts for the Northern District of California and Eastern District of New York on behalf of employees who allege that they protested sales practice misconduct and/or were terminated for not meeting sales goals; various wage and hour class actions brought incase to federal and state court in California, New Jersey, Florida, and Pennsylvania on behalf of non-exempt branch based employees alleging sales pressure resulted in uncompensated overtime; and multiple single plaintiff Sarbanes-Oxley Act complaints and state law whistleblower actions filed with the United States Department of Labor or in various state courts alleging adverse employment actions for raising sales practice misconduct issues.court.
OUTLOOKAs described above, the Company establishes accruals for legal actions when potential losses associated with the actions become probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. The high end of the range of reasonably possible potential losses in excess of the Company’s accrual for probable
Note 11: Legal Actions (continued)

and estimable losses was approximately $3.3$2.8 billion as of September 30, 2017. The high end of the range as of September 30, 2017, remained unchanged from June 30, 2017, reflecting a decrease from the $1 billion discrete litigation accrual in third quarter 2017 for the Company's existing mortgage-related regulatory investigations, offset by the possibility of increased risk in a variety of matters, including the Company's existing mortgage-related regulatory investigations.March 31, 2022. The outcomes of legal actions are unpredictable and subject to significant uncertainties, and it is inherently difficult to determine whether any loss is probable or even possible. It is also inherently difficult to estimate the amount of any loss and there may be matters for which a loss is probable or reasonably possible but not currently estimable. Accordingly, actual losses may be in excess of the established accrual or the range of reasonably possible loss. Wells Fargo is unable to determine whether the ultimate resolution of either the mortgage related regulatory investigations or the sales practices matters will have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial condition. Based on information currently available, advice of counsel, available insurance coverage, and established reserves, Wells Fargo believes that the eventual outcome of otherthe actions against Wells Fargo and/or its subsidiaries will not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on Wells Fargo’s consolidated financial condition. However, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of a matter, if unfavorable, may be material to Wells Fargo’s results of operations for any particular period.

Wells Fargo & Company107


Note 12:14:  Derivatives
We use derivatives to manage exposure to market risk, including interest rate risk, credit risk and foreign currency risk, and to assist customers with their risk management objectives. We designate certain derivatives as hedging instruments in a qualifying hedge accounting relationshiprelationships (fair value or cash flow hedge)hedges). Our remaining derivatives consist of economic hedges that do not qualify for hedge accounting and derivatives held for customer accommodation trading or other purposes. For moreadditional information on our derivative activities, see Note 16 (Derivatives) to Financial Statements in our 20162021 Form 10-K.
Table 12.114.1 presents the total notional or contractual amounts and fair values for our derivatives. Derivative transactions can be measured in terms of the notional amount, but this amount is not recorded on theour consolidated balance sheet and is not, when viewed in isolation, a meaningful measure of the risk profile of the instruments. The notional amount is generally not exchanged, but is used only as the basis on which interest and other payments are determined.

Table 12.1:14.1:Notional or Contractual Amounts and Fair Values of Derivatives
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Notional or Fair value Notional or Fair value 
contractual DerivativeDerivativecontractual DerivativeDerivative
(in millions)amount assetsliabilitiesamount assetsliabilities
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Interest rate contracts$158,877 1,604 194 153,993 2,212 327 
Foreign exchange contracts22,326 137 827 24,949 281 669 
Total derivatives designated as qualifying hedging instruments1,741 1,021 2,493 996 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Economic hedges:
Interest rate contracts127,600 604 283 142,234 40 41 
Equity contracts (1)4,468 56 60 26,263 1,493 1,194 
Foreign exchange contracts34,236 694 123 28,192 395 88 
Credit contracts290 12  290 — 
Subtotal1,366 466 1,935 1,323 
Customer accommodation trading and other derivatives:
Interest rate contracts10,645,520 28,330 27,232 7,976,534 20,286 17,435 
Commodity contracts105,256 13,847 5,851 76,642 5,965 2,417 
Equity contracts (1)351,655 12,856 13,452 321,863 16,278 17,827 
Foreign exchange contracts637,869 8,130 8,144 560,049 5,912 5,915 
Credit contracts48,160 38 38 38,318 39 43 
Subtotal63,201 54,717 48,480 43,637 
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments64,567 55,183 50,415 44,960 
Total derivatives before netting66,308 56,204 52,908 45,956 
Netting(38,943)(40,705)(31,430)(36,532)
Total$27,365 15,499 21,478 9,424 
 September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
 
Notional or
contractual
amount

   Fair value
 
Notional or
contractual
amount

   Fair value
(in millions) 
Derivative
assets

 
Derivative
liabilities

  Derivative
assets

 Derivative
liabilities

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments           
Interest rate contracts (1)$243,338
 2,589
 1,190
 235,222
 6,587
 2,710
Foreign exchange contracts (1)33,398
 1,219
 1,211
 25,861
 673
 2,779
Total derivatives designated as qualifying hedging instruments  3,808
 2,401
   7,260
 5,489
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments           
Economic hedges:           
Interest rate contracts (2)228,310
 219
 299
 228,051
 1,098
 1,441
Equity contracts10,650
 640
 134
 7,964
 545
 83
Foreign exchange contracts17,678
 66
 467
 20,435
 626
 165
Credit contracts – protection purchased123
 52
 
 482
 102
 
Subtotal  977
 900
   2,371
 1,689
Customer accommodation trading and           
other derivatives:           
Interest rate contracts6,717,492
 15,533
 14,144
 6,018,370
 57,583
 61,058
Commodity contracts66,743
 1,574
 1,172
 65,532
 3,057
 2,551
Equity contracts173,306
 6,156
 7,501
 151,675
 4,813
 6,029
Foreign exchange contracts367,266
 7,487
 7,128
 318,999
 9,595
 9,798
Credit contracts – protection sold9,754
 154
 219
 10,483
 85
 389
Credit contracts – protection purchased20,263
 214
 257
 19,964
 365
 138
Other contracts955
 
 26
 961
 
 47
Subtotal  31,118
 30,447
   75,498
 80,010
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments  32,095
 31,347
   77,869
 81,699
Total derivatives before netting  35,903
 33,748
   85,129
 87,188
Netting (3)  (23,323) (24,251)   (70,631) (72,696)
Total  $12,580
 9,497
   14,498
 14,492
(1)
Notional amounts presented exclude $500 million and $1.9 billion of interest rate contracts at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively, for certain derivatives that are combined for designation as a hedge on a single instrument. The notional amount for foreign exchange contracts at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, excludes $13.3 billion and $9.6 billion, respectively, for certain derivatives that are combined for designation as a hedge on a single instrument.
(2)Includes economic hedge derivatives used to hedge the risk of changes in the fair value of residential MSRs, MHFS, loans, derivative loan commitments and other interests held.
(3)Represents balance sheet netting of derivative asset and liability balances, related cash collateral and portfolio level counterparty valuation adjustments. See Table 12.2 for further information.
(1)    In first quarter 2022, we prospectively reclassified certain equity securities and related economic hedge derivatives from "not held for trading activities" to "held for trading activities" to better reflect the business activity of those financial instruments. For additional information on Trading Activities, see Note 12: Derivatives (continued)

1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) in our 2021 Form 10-K.
Table 12.214.2 provides information on the gross fair values of derivative assets and liabilities subject to enforceable master netting arrangements, the balance sheet netting adjustments and the resulting net fair value amount recorded on our consolidated balance sheet, as well as the non-cash collateral associated with such arrangements. We execute largelysubstantially all of our derivative transactions under master netting arrangements and reflect all derivative balances and related cash collateral subject to enforceable master netting arrangements on a net basis within theour consolidated balance sheet. The “Gross amounts recognized” column in the following table includes $27.2 billion and $28.8 billion of gross derivative assets and liabilities, respectively, at September 30, 2017, and $74.4 billion and $78.4 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2016, with counterparties subject to enforceable master netting arrangements that are carried on the balance sheet net of offsetting amounts. The remaining gross derivative assets and liabilities of $8.7 billion and $4.9 billion, respectively, at September 30, 2017, and $10.7 billion and $8.7 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2016, include those with counterparties subject to master netting arrangements for which we have not assessed the enforceability because they are with counterparties where we do not currently have positions to offset, those subject to master netting arrangements where we have not been able to confirm the enforceability and those not subject to master netting arrangements. As such, we do not net derivative balances or collateral within the balance sheet for these counterparties.
We determine the balance sheet netting adjustments based on the terms specified within each master netting arrangement. We disclose the balance sheet netting amounts within the column titled “Gross amounts offset in consolidated balance sheet.” Balance sheet netting adjustmentsarrangement, which are
determined at the counterparty level for which there may be multiple contract types. For disclosure purposes, we allocate these netting adjustments to the contract type for each counterparty proportionally based upon the “Gross amounts recognized” by counterparty. As a result, the net amounts disclosed by contract type may not represent the actual exposure upon settlement of the contracts.
level. We do not net non-cash collateral that we receive and pledge on theour consolidated balance sheet. For disclosure purposes, we present the fair value of this non-cash collateral in the column titled “Gross amounts not offset in consolidated balance sheet (Disclosure-only netting)” within the table. We determine and allocate the Disclosure-only netting amounts in the same manner as balance sheet netting amounts.
The “Net amounts” column within Table 12.2“Total Derivatives, net” which represents the aggregate of our net exposure to each counterparty after considering the balance sheet and Disclosure-onlydisclosure-only netting adjustments. We manage derivative exposure by monitoring the credit risk associated with each counterparty using counterparty specificcounterparty-specific credit risk limits, using master netting arrangements and obtaining collateral. Derivative contracts executed in over-the-counter markets include bilateral contractual arrangements that are not cleared through a central clearing organization but are typically subject to master netting arrangements. The percentage of our bilateral derivative transactions outstanding at period end in such markets, based on gross fair value, is provided within the following table. Other derivative contracts executed in over-the-counter or exchange-traded markets are settled through a central clearing organization and are excluded from this percentage. In addition to the netting amounts included in the table, we also have balance sheet netting related to resale and repurchase agreements that are disclosed within Note 10 (Guarantees, Pledged12 (Pledged Assets and Collateral).

108Wells Fargo & Company



Table 12.2:Gross 14.2:Fair Values of Derivative Assets and Liabilities
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in millions)Derivative AssetsDerivative LiabilitiesDerivative AssetsDerivative Liabilities
 Interest rate contracts
 Over-the-counter (OTC)$26,017 23,939 20,067 16,654 
 OTC cleared1,544 1,659 168 192 
 Exchange traded241 131 52 28 
 Total interest rate contracts27,802 25,729 20,287 16,874 
 Commodity contracts
 OTC11,968 2,859 5,040 1,249 
 Exchange traded1,153 2,677 557 1,047 
 Total commodity contracts13,121 5,536 5,597 2,296 
 Equity contracts
 OTC4,478 8,045 6,132 9,730 
 Exchange traded4,561 2,871 7,493 6,086 
 Total equity contracts9,039 10,916 13,625 15,816 
 Foreign exchange contracts
 OTC8,617 8,417 6,335 6,221 
 Total foreign exchange contracts8,617 8,417 6,335 6,221 
 Credit contracts
 OTC32 27 32 31 
 Total credit contracts32 27 32 31 
Total derivatives subject to enforceable master netting arrangements, gross58,611 50,625 45,876 41,238 
 Less: Gross amounts offset
 Counterparty netting (1)(32,575)(32,479)(27,172)(27,046)
 Cash collateral netting(6,368)(8,226)(4,258)(9,486)
Total derivatives subject to enforceable master netting arrangements, net19,668 9,920 14,446 4,706 
Derivatives not subject to enforceable master netting arrangements7,697 5,579 7,032 4,718 
Total derivatives recognized in consolidated balance sheet, net27,365 15,499 21,478 9,424 
 Non-cash collateral(1,949)(1,121)(1,432)(412)
Total Derivatives, net$25,416 14,378 20,046 9,012 
(1)Represents amounts with counterparties subject to enforceable master netting arrangements that have been offset in our consolidated balance sheet, including portfolio level counterparty valuation adjustments related to customer accommodation and other trading derivatives. Counterparty valuation adjustments related to derivative assets were $341 million and $284 million and debit valuation adjustments related to derivative liabilities were $244 million and $158 million as of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively, and were primarily related to interest rate contracts.
(in millions)
Gross
amounts
recognized (1)

 
Gross amounts
offset in
consolidated
balance
sheet (1)(2)

 
Net amounts in
consolidated
balance
sheet

 
Gross amounts
not offset in
consolidated
balance sheet
(Disclosure-only
netting) (3)

 
Net
amounts

 
Percent
exchanged in
over-the-counter
market (1)(4)

September 30, 2017           
Derivative assets           
Interest rate contracts$18,341
 (11,991) 6,350
 (313) 6,037
 99%
Commodity contracts1,574
 (672) 902
 (5) 897
 83
Equity contracts6,796
 (4,149) 2,647
 (473) 2,174
 75
Foreign exchange contracts8,772
 (6,306) 2,466
 (63) 2,403
 100
Credit contracts – protection sold154
 (14) 140
 
 140
 10
Credit contracts – protection purchased266
 (191) 75
 (1) 74
 94
Total derivative assets$35,903
 (23,323) 12,580
 (855) 11,725
   
Derivative liabilities           
Interest rate contracts$15,633
 (12,932) 2,701
 (1,567) 1,134
 99%
Commodity contracts1,172
 (361) 811
 (13) 798
 80
Equity contracts7,635
 (3,708) 3,927
 (365) 3,562
 85
Foreign exchange contracts8,806
 (7,049) 1,757
 (429) 1,328
 100
Credit contracts – protection sold219
 (196) 23
 (17) 6
 89
Credit contracts – protection purchased257
 (5) 252
 
 252
 7
Other contracts26
 
 26
 
 26
 100
Total derivative liabilities$33,748
 (24,251) 9,497
 (2,391) 7,106
   
December 31, 2016           
Derivative assets           
Interest rate contracts$65,268
 (59,880) 5,388
 (987) 4,401
 34%
Commodity contracts3,057
 (707) 2,350
 (30) 2,320
 74
Equity contracts5,358
 (3,018) 2,340
 (365) 1,975
 75
Foreign exchange contracts10,894
 (6,663) 4,231
 (362) 3,869
 97
Credit contracts – protection sold85
 (48) 37
 
 37
 61
Credit contracts – protection purchased467
 (315) 152
 (1) 151
 98
Total derivative assets$85,129
 (70,631) 14,498
 (1,745) 12,753
   
Derivative liabilities           
Interest rate contracts$65,209
 (58,956) 6,253
 (3,129) 3,124
 30%
Commodity contracts2,551
 (402) 2,149
 (37) 2,112
 38
Equity contracts6,112
 (2,433) 3,679
 (331) 3,348
 85
Foreign exchange contracts12,742
 (10,572) 2,170
 (251) 1,919
 100
Credit contracts – protection sold389
 (295) 94
 (44) 50
 98
Credit contracts – protection purchased138
 (38) 100
 (2) 98
 50
Other contracts47
 
 47
 
 47
 100
Total derivative liabilities$87,188
 (72,696) 14,492
 (3,794) 10,698
   
(1)
Insecond quarter,2017, we adopted Settlement to Market treatment for the cash collateralizing our interest rate derivative contracts with certain centrally cleared counterparties.As a result of this adoption, the “gross amounts recognized” and “gross amounts offset in the consolidated balance sheet” columns do not include exposure with certain centrally cleared counterparties because the contracts are considered settled by the collateral. Likewise, what remains in these gross amount columns consists primarily of over-the-counter (OTC) market contracts for most of the contract types as reflected by the high percentage of OTC contracts in the “percent exchanged in over-the counter market” column as of September 30, 2017.
(2)
Represents amounts with counterparties subject to enforceable master netting arrangements that have been offset in the consolidated balance sheet, including related cash collateral and portfolio level counterparty valuation adjustments. Counterparty valuation adjustments were $273 million and $348 million related to derivative assets and $98 million and $114 million related to derivative liabilities at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively. Cash collateral totaled $3.1 billion and $4.2 billion, netted against derivative assets and liabilities, respectively, at September 30, 2017, and $4.8 billion and $7.1 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2016.
(3)Represents non-cash collateral pledged and received against derivative assets and liabilities with the same counterparty that are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements. U.S. GAAP does not permit netting of such non-cash collateral balances in the consolidated balance sheet but requires disclosure of these amounts.
(4)Represents derivatives executed in over-the-counter markets that are not settled through a central clearing organization. Over-the-counter percentages are calculated based on gross amounts recognized as of the respective balance sheet date. The remaining percentage represents derivatives settled through a central clearing organization, which are executed in either over-the-counter or exchange-traded markets.


Note 12: Derivatives (continued)

Fair Value and Cash Flow Hedges
For fair value hedges, we use interest rate swaps to convert certain of our fixed-rate long-term debt and time certificates of deposit to floating rates to hedge our exposure to interest rate risk. We also enter into cross-currency swaps, cross-currency interest rate swaps and forward contracts to hedge our exposure to foreign currency risk and interest rate risk associated with the issuance of non-U.S. dollar denominated long-term debt. In addition, we use derivativesinterest rate swaps, cross-currency swaps, cross-currency interest rate swaps and forward contracts to hedge against changes in fair value of certain financial instruments, includinginvestments in available-for-sale debt securities mortgages held for sale, and long-term debt.due to changes in interest rates, foreign currency rates, or both. For more information oncertain fair value hedges see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) and Note 16 (Derivatives) to Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K.
Table 12.3 shows the net gains (losses) recognized in the income statement related to derivativesforeign currency risk, changes in fair value hedging relationships.
of cross-currency swaps attributable to changes in cross-currency basis spreads are excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and recorded in other comprehensive income. See Note 21 (Other Comprehensive Income) for the amounts recognized in other comprehensive income.
Table 12.3:Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships
 
Interest rate
contracts hedging:
  
Foreign exchange
contracts hedging:
  
Total net
gains
(losses)
on fair
value
hedges

(in millions)
Available-
for-sale
securities

 
Mortgages
held for
sale

 
Long-term
debt

 
Available-
for-sale
securities

 
Long-term
debt

 
Quarter ended September 30, 2017  
   
   
   
   
   
Net interest income (expense) recognized on derivatives$(110) (1) 271
 4
 (60) 104
Gains (losses) recorded in noninterest income          
      
Recognized on derivatives(6) 
 (161) (87) 996
 742
Recognized on hedged item(6) (2) 173
 86
 (878) (627)
Net recognized on fair value hedges (ineffective portion) (1) $(12) (2) 12
 (1) 118
 115
Quarter ended September 30, 2016  
   
   
   
   
   
Net interest income (expense) recognized on derivatives$(117) (1) 471
 2
 9
 364
Gains (losses) recorded in noninterest income  
   
   
   
      
Recognized on derivatives21
 6
 (271) 30
 312
 98
Recognized on hedged item(10) (7) 354
 (32) (234) 71
Net recognized on fair value hedges (ineffective portion) (1)$11
 (1) 83
 (2) 78
 169
Nine months ended September 30, 2017  
   
   
   
   
   
Net interest income (expense) recognized on derivatives (1)$(363) (5) 1,070
 10
 (142) 570
Gains (losses) recorded in noninterest income           
      
Recognized on derivatives(167) (11) (294) (216) 2,579
 1,891
Recognized on hedged item121
 4
 314
 216
 (2,554) (1,899)
Net recognized on fair value hedges (ineffective portion)$(46)
(7)
20



25
 (8)
Nine months ended September 30, 2016  
   
   
   
   
   
Net interest income (expense) recognized on derivatives (1)$(468) (5) 1,436
 4
 40
 1,007
Gains (losses) recorded in noninterest income  
   
   
   
      
Recognized on derivatives(2,674) (36) 4,815
 98
 1,475
 3,678
Recognized on hedged item2,699
 32
 (4,215) (106) (1,242) (2,832)
Net recognized on fair value hedges (ineffective portion)$25
 (4) 600
 (8) 233
 846
(1)
The third quarter and first nine months of 2017 included $(1) million and $(2) million, respectively, and the third quarter and first nine months of 2016 included $(3) million and $(10) million, respectively, of the time value component recognized as net interest income (expense) on forward derivatives hedging foreign currency that were excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness.
Cash Flow Hedges
WeFor cash flow hedges, we use derivativesinterest rate swaps to hedge certain financial instruments against future interest rate increases and to limit the variability of cash flowsin interest payments received on certain financial instrumentsinterest-earning deposits with banks and certain floating-rate commercial loans, and interest paid on certain floating-rate debt due to changes in the benchmarkcontractually specified interest rate. For more informationWe also use cross-currency swaps to hedge variability in interest payments on fixed-rate foreign currency-denominated long-term debt due to changes in foreign exchange rates.
We estimate $17 million pre-tax of deferred net losses related to cash flow hedges see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) and Note 16 (Derivatives) to Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K.
Based upon current interest rates, we estimate that $224 million (pre tax) of deferred net gains on derivatives in OCI
at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022, will be reclassified into net interest income during the next twelve months. Future changesThe deferred losses expected to be reclassified into net interest rates may significantly change actual amounts reclassifiedincome are primarily related to earnings. Wediscontinued hedges of floating rate loans. For cash flow hedges as of March 31, 2022, we are hedging our interest rate and foreign currency exposure to the variability of future cash flows for all forecasted transactions for a maximum of 510 years. For additional information on our accounting hedges, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) in our 2021 Form 10-K.

Wells Fargo & Company109


Note 14: Derivatives (continued)
Table 12.4 shows14.3 and Table 14.4 show the net gains (losses) recognized related to derivatives in fair value and cash flow hedging relationships.relationships, respectively.
Table 14.3:Gains (Losses) Recognized on Fair Value Hedging Relationships
Net interest incomeNoninterest incomeTotal recorded in net incomeTotal recorded in OCI
(in millions)Debt securitiesDepositsLong-term debtOtherDerivative gains (losses)Derivative gains (losses)
Quarter ended March 31, 2022
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of income and other comprehensive income$2,563 (83)(761)556 N/A27 
Interest contracts
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives(41)41 481  481 N/A
Recognized on derivatives1,262 (145)(6,869) (5,752) 
Recognized on hedged items(1,248)143 6,813  5,708 N/A
Total gains (losses) (pre-tax) on interest rate contracts(27)39 425  437  
Foreign exchange contracts
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives  4  4 N/A
Recognized on derivatives  (456)(242)(698)64 
Recognized on hedged items  445 241 686 N/A
Total gains (losses) (pre-tax) on foreign exchange contracts  (7)(1)(8)64 
Total gains (losses) (pre-tax) recognized on fair value hedges$(27)39 418 (1)429 64 
Quarter ended March 31, 2021
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of income and other comprehensive income$2,312 (112)(1,026)982 N/A47 
Interest contracts
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives(67)91 550 — 574 N/A
Recognized on derivatives1,294 (123)(7,071)— (5,900)— 
Recognized on hedged items(1,258)119 6,944 — 5,805 N/A
Total gains (losses) (pre-tax) on interest rate contracts(31)87 423 — 479 — 
Foreign exchange contracts
Amounts related to interest settlements on derivatives28 — (1)— 27 N/A
Recognized on derivatives— (227)307 81 25 
Recognized on hedged items(1)— 194 (317)(124)N/A
Total gains (losses) (pre-tax) on foreign exchange contracts28 — (34)(10)(16)25 
Total gains (losses) (pre-tax) recognized on fair value hedges$(3)87 389 (10)463 25 

110Wells Fargo & Company



Table 12.4:Derivatives in14.4:Gains (Losses) Recognized on Cash Flow Hedging Relationships
Net interest incomeTotal recorded in net incomeTotal recorded in OCI
(in millions)LoansOther interest incomeLong-term debtDerivative gains (losses)Derivative gains (losses)
Quarter ended March 31, 2022
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of income and other comprehensive income$7,218 90 (761)N/A27 
Interest rate contracts:
Realized gains (losses) (pre-tax) reclassified from OCI into net income(16)4  (12)12 
Net unrealized gains (losses) (pre-tax) recognized in OCIN/AN/AN/AN/A(48)
Total gains (losses) (pre-tax) on interest rate contracts(16)4  (12)(36)
Foreign exchange contracts:
Realized gains (losses) (pre-tax) reclassified from OCI into net income  (2)(2)2 
Net unrealized gains (losses) (pre-tax) recognized in OCIN/AN/AN/AN/A(3)
Total gains (losses) (pre-tax) on foreign exchange contracts  (2)(2)(1)
Total gains (losses) (pre-tax) recognized on cash flow hedges$(16)4 (2)(14)(37)
Quarter ended March 31, 2021
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of income and other comprehensive income$7,201 65 (1,026)N/A47 
Interest rate contracts:
Realized gains (losses) (pre-tax) reclassified from OCI into net income(52)— — (52)52 
Net unrealized gains (losses) (pre-tax) recognized in OCIN/AN/AN/AN/A(20)
Total gains (losses) (pre-tax) on interest rate contracts(52)— — (52)32 
Foreign exchange contracts:
Realized gains (losses) (pre-tax) reclassified from OCI into net income— — (1)(1)
Net unrealized gains (losses) (pre-tax) recognized in OCIN/AN/AN/AN/A(11)
Total gains (losses) (pre-tax) on foreign exchange contracts— — (1)(1)(10)
Total gains (losses) (pre-tax) recognized on cash flow hedges$(52)— (1)(53)22 

 Quarter ended Sep 30,  Nine months ended Sep 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Gains (losses) (pre tax) recognized in OCI on derivatives$36
 (445) 279
 2,611
Gains (pre tax) reclassified from cumulative OCI into net income (1)105
 262
 460
 783
Gains (losses) (pre tax) recognized in noninterest income for hedge ineffectiveness (2)(4) 
 (7) 1
(1)See Note 17 (Other Comprehensive Income) for detail on components of net income.Wells Fargo & Company111
(2)None of the change in value of the derivatives was excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness. 



Note 14: Derivatives (continued)
Table 14.5 shows the carrying amount and associated cumulative basis adjustment related to the application of hedge accounting that is included in the carrying amount of hedged assets and liabilities in fair value hedging relationships.

Table 14.5:Hedged Items in Fair Value Hedging Relationships
Hedged items currently designatedHedged items no longer designated
(in millions)Carrying amount of assets/(liabilities) (1)(2)Hedge accounting
basis adjustment
assets/(liabilities) (3)
Carrying amount of assets/(liabilities) (2)Hedge accounting basis adjustment
assets/(liabilities)
March 31, 2022
Available-for-sale debt securities (4)$22,937 (1,818)17,723 903 
Deposits(7,135)(1)(11) 
Long-term debt(134,848)2,096 (6) 
December 31, 2021
Available-for-sale debt securities (4)$24,144 (559)17,962 965 
Deposits(10,187)(144)— — 
Long-term debt(138,801)(5,192)— — 
(1)Does not include the carrying amount of hedged items where only foreign currency risk is the designated hedged risk. The carrying amount excluded for debt securities is $848 million and for long-term debt is $(412) million as of March 31, 2022, and $873 million for debt securities and $(2.7) billion for long-term debt as of December 31, 2021.
(2)Represents the full carrying amount of the hedged asset or liability item as of the balance sheet date, except for circumstances in which only a portion of the asset or liability was designated as the hedged item in which case only the portion designated is presented.
(3)The balance includes $124 million and $203 million of debt securities and long-term debt cumulative basis adjustments as of March 31, 2022, respectively, and $136 million and $188 million of debt securities and long-term debt cumulative basis adjustments as of December 31, 2021, respectively, on terminated hedges whereby the hedged items have subsequently been re-designated into existing hedges.
(4)Carrying amount represents the amortized cost.
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments include economic hedges and derivatives entered into for customer accommodation trading purposes.
We use economic hedges primarilyhedge derivatives to hedge themanage our exposure to interest rate risk, of changes in the fair value of certain residential MHFS, residential MSRs measured at fair value, loans, derivative loan commitmentsequity price risk, foreign currency risk, and other interests held.credit risk. We also use economic hedge derivatives to mitigate the periodic earnings volatility caused by ineffectivenessmismatches between the changes in fair value of the hedged item and hedging instrument recognized on our fair value accounting hedges. The resulting gain or loss on these economic hedge derivatives is reflected
Changes in mortgage banking noninterest income, net gains (losses) from equity investments and other noninterest income.
Thethe fair values of derivatives used to economically hedge MSRs measured at fair value, resultedthe deferred compensation plan are reported in net derivative gains of $240 million and $599 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, and $142 million and $2.6 billion in the third quarter and first nine months of 2016, respectively, which are included in mortgage banking noninterest income. The aggregate fair value of these derivatives was a net liability of $9 million at September 30, 2017, and net liability of $617 million at
December 31, 2016. The change in fair value of these derivatives for each period end is due to changes in the underlying market indices and interest rates as well as the purchase and sale of derivative financial instruments throughout the period as part of our dynamic MSR risk management process.
Interest rate lock commitments for mortgage loans that we intend to sell are considered derivatives. The aggregate fair value of derivative loan commitments on the balance sheet was a net asset of $25 million and net liability of $6 million at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively, and is included in the caption “Interest rate contracts” under “Customer accommodation trading and other derivatives” in Table 12.1 in this Note.personnel expense.
For moreadditional information on economic hedges and other derivatives, see Note 16 (Derivatives) to Financial Statements in our 20162021 Form 10-K.
112Wells Fargo & Company



Table 12.514.6 shows the net gains (losses), recognized in theby income statement lines, related to derivatives not designated as hedging instruments.
Table 12.5:14.6:Gains (Losses) on Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Noninterest incomeNoninterest expense
(in millions)Mortgage bankingNet gains from trading and securitiesOtherTotalPersonnel expense
Quarter ended March 31, 2022
Net gains (losses) recognized on economic hedges derivatives:
Interest contracts (1)$(368) (26)(394) 
Equity contracts (2)  8 8 266 
Foreign exchange contracts  231 231  
Credit contracts  5 5  
Subtotal(368) 218 (150)266 
Net gains (losses) recognized on customer accommodation trading and other derivatives:
Interest contracts(498)3,214  2,716  
Commodity contracts 113  113  
Equity contracts (2) 1,003 (38)965  
Foreign exchange contracts 327  327  
Credit contracts 12  12  
Subtotal(498)4,669 (38)4,133  
Net gains (losses) recognized related to derivatives not designated as hedging instruments$(866)4,669 180 3,983 266 
Quarter ended March 31, 2021
Net gains (losses) recognized on economic hedges derivatives:
Interest contracts (1)$(375)— (20)(395)— 
Equity contracts— 425 430 (160)
Foreign exchange contracts— — 71 71 — 
Credit contracts— — — — — 
Subtotal(375)425 56 106 (160)
Net gains (losses) recognized on customer accommodation trading and other derivatives:
Interest contracts(531)1,924 — 1,393  
Commodity contracts— 80 — 80  
Equity contracts— (1,163)(89)(1,252) 
Foreign exchange contracts— 464 — 464  
Credit contracts— (28)— (28) 
Subtotal(531)1,277 (89)657 — 
Net gains (losses) recognized related to derivatives not designated as hedging instruments$(906)1,702 (33)763 (160)
(1)Mortgage banking amounts for first quarter 2022 are comprised of gains (losses) of $(1.6) billion related to derivatives used as economic hedges of MSRs measured at fair value offset by gains (losses) of $1.3 billion related to derivatives used as economic hedges of mortgage loans held for sale and derivative loan commitments. The corresponding amounts for first quarter 2021 are comprised of gains (losses) of $(1.6) billion offset by gains (losses) of $1.3 billion.
(2)In first quarter 2022, we prospectively reclassified certain equity securities and related economic hedge derivatives from “not held for trading activities” to “held for trading activities” to better reflect the business activity of those financial instruments. For additional information on Trading Activities, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) in our 2021 Form 10-K.
 Quarter ended Sep 30,  Nine months ended Sep 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Net gains (losses) recognized on economic hedges derivatives:       
Interest rate contracts
Recognized in noninterest income:
       
Mortgage banking (1)$138
 4
 480
 1,435
Other (2)(19) (56) (64) (308)
Equity contracts (3)(489) (372) (1,175) (84)
Foreign exchange contracts (2)(300) 175
 (834) 504
Credit contracts (2)(6) 12
 8
 12
Subtotal (4)(676) (237) (1,585) 1,559
Net gains (losses) recognized on customer accommodation trading and other derivatives:       
Interest rate contracts
Recognized in noninterest income:
       
Mortgage banking (5)152
 510
 599
 1,485
Other (6)17
 210
 80
 (520)
Commodity contracts (6)63
 45
 138
 162
Equity contracts (6)(851) (982) (2,525) (1,277)
Foreign exchange contracts (6)155
 188
 356
 686
Credit contracts (6)(31) (25) (59) (66)
Other (2)8
 15
 22
 (15)
Subtotal(487) (39) (1,389) 455
Net gains (losses) recognized related to derivatives not designated as hedging instruments$(1,163) (276) (2,974) 2,014
(1)Reflected in mortgage banking noninterest income including gains (losses) on the derivatives used as economic hedges of MSRs measured at fair value, interest rate lock commitments and mortgages held for sale.Wells Fargo & Company113
(2)Included in other noninterest income.
(3)Included in net gains from equity investments and other noninterest income.
(4)
Includes hedging gains (losses) of $(18) million and $(64) million for the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively, and $(29) million and $(272) million for the third quarter and first nine months of 2016, respectively, which partially offset hedge accounting ineffectiveness.
(5)Reflected in mortgage banking noninterest income including gains (losses) on interest rate lock commitments and net gains from trading activities in noninterest income.
(6)Included in net gains from trading activities in noninterest income.




Note 12:14: Derivatives (continued)(continued)

Credit Derivatives
Credit derivative contracts are arrangements whose value is derived from the transfer of credit risk of a reference asset or entity from one party (the purchaser of credit protection) to another party (the seller of credit protection). We generally use credit derivatives to assist customers with their risk management objectives.objectives by purchasing and selling credit protection on corporate debt obligations through the use of credit default swaps or through risk participation swaps to help manage counterparty exposure. We may also use credit derivatives in structured product transactions or liquidity agreements written to special purpose vehicles. The maximum exposure of sold credit derivatives is managed through posted collateral, purchased credit derivatives and similar products in order to achieve our desired credit risk profile. This credit risk management provides an ability to recover a significant portion of any amounts that would be paid under the sold credit derivatives. We would be
required to perform under soldthe credit derivatives we sold in the event of default by the referenced obligors. Events of default include events such as bankruptcy, capital restructuring or lack of principal and/or interest payment. In certain cases, other triggers may exist, such as the credit downgrade of the referenced obligors or the inability of the special purpose vehicle for which we have provided liquidity to obtain funding.
Table 12.614.7 provides details of sold and purchased credit derivatives.
Table 12.6:14.7:Sold and Purchased Credit Derivatives
Notional amount
(in millions)Protection soldProtection sold – non-investment grade
March 31, 2022
Credit default swaps$12,438 2,622 
Risk participation swaps6,288 6,143 
Total credit derivatives18,726 8,765 
December 31, 2021
Credit default swaps8,033 1,982 
Risk participation swaps6,756 6,012 
Total credit derivatives14,789 7,994 
   Notional amount    
(in millions)
Fair value
liability

 
Protection
sold (A)

 
Protection
sold –
non-
investment
grade

 
Protection
purchased
with
identical
underlyings (B)

 
Net
protection
sold
(A) - (B)

 
Other
protection
purchased

 
Range of
maturities
September 30, 2017             
Credit default swaps on:             
Corporate bonds$26
 1,932
 535
 1,255
 677
 1,379
 2017 - 2027
Structured products91
 210
 205
 184
 26
 140
 2020 - 2047
Credit protection on:              
Default swap index
 3,553
 537
 62
 3,491
 5,665
 2017 - 2027
Commercial mortgage-backed securities index92
 441
 
 410
 31
 146
 2047 - 2058
Asset-backed securities index9
 42
 
 38
 4
 5
 2045 - 2046
Other1
 3,576
 3,576
 
 3,576
 11,102
 2017 - 2028
Total credit derivatives$219
 9,754
 4,853
 1,949
 7,805
 18,437
  
December 31, 2016             
Credit default swaps on:             
Corporate bonds$22
 4,324
 1,704
 3,060
 1,264
 1,804
 2017 - 2026
Structured products193
 405
 333
 295
 110
 79
 2020 - 2047
Credit protection on:             
Default swap index
 1,515
 257
 139
 1,376
 3,668
 2017 - 2021
Commercial mortgage-backed securities index156
 627
 
 584
 43
 71
 2047 - 2058
Asset-backed securities index17
 45
 
 40
 5
 187
 2045 - 2046
Other1
 3,567
 3,568
 
 3,567
 10,519
 2017 - 2047
Total credit derivatives$389
 10,483
 5,862
 4,118
 6,365
 16,328
  


Protection sold represents the estimated maximum exposure to loss that would be incurred underif, upon an assumed hypothetical circumstance, whereevent of default, the value of our interests and any associated collateral declinesdeclined to zero, withoutand does not take into consideration any consideration of recovery value from the referenced obligation or offset from collateral held or any economic hedges. We believe this hypothetical circumstance to be a remote possibility and accordingly, this required disclosure is not an indication of expected loss.
The amounts under non-investment grade represent the notional amounts of those credit derivatives on which we have a higher risk of being required to perform under the terms of the credit derivative and are a function of the underlying assets.
We consider the credit risk of performance to be highlow if the underlying assets under the credit derivative have an external rating that is below investment grade orgrade. If an internalexternal rating is not available, we classify the credit default grade thatderivative as non-investment grade.
Our maximum exposure to sold credit derivatives is equivalent thereto. We believe the net protection sold, which is representative of the net notional amount of protection soldmanaged through posted collateral and purchased credit derivatives with identical underlyings,or similar reference positions in combination with other protection purchased,order to achieve our desired credit risk profile. The credit risk management is more representativedesigned to provide an ability to recover a significant portion of our exposure to loss than either non-investment grade or protection sold. Other protection purchased represents additional protection, which may offset the exposure to loss for protectionany amounts that would be paid under sold that was not purchased with an identical underlying of the protection sold.credit derivatives.



Credit-Risk Contingent Features
Certain of our derivative contracts contain provisions whereby if the credit rating of our debt were to be downgraded by certain major credit rating agencies, the counterparty could demand additional collateral or require termination or replacement of derivative instruments in a net liability position. The aggregate fair value of allTable 14.8 illustrates our exposure to OTC bilateral derivative instrumentscontracts with such credit-risk-relatedcredit-risk contingent features, that are in a net liability position was $9.2 billion at September 30, 2017,collateral we have posted, and $12.8 billion at December 31, 2016, for whichthe additional collateral we posted $8.0 billion and $8.9 billion, respectively, in collateral in the normal course of business. A credit rating below investment grade is the credit-risk-related contingent feature thatwould be required to post if triggered requires the maximum amount of collateral to be posted. If the credit rating of our debt had beenwas downgraded below investment grade.
Table 14.8:Credit-Risk Contingent Features
(in billions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Net derivative liabilities with credit-risk contingent features$11.6 12.2 
Collateral posted10.1 11.0 
Additional collateral to be posted upon a below investment grade credit rating (1)1.5 1.2 
(1)Any credit rating below investment grade on September 30, 2017, or December 31, 2016, we would have been requiredrequires us to post additional collateralthe maximum amount of $1.2 billion or $4.0 billion, respectively, or potentially settle the contract in an amount equal to its fair value. Some contracts require that we provide more collateral than the fair value of derivatives that are in a net liability position if a downgrade occurs.collateral.

Counterparty Credit Risk
By using derivatives, we are exposed to counterparty credit risk if counterparties to the derivative contracts do not perform as expected. If a counterparty fails to perform, our counterparty credit risk is equal to the amount reported as a derivative asset on our balance sheet. The amounts reported as a derivative asset are derivative contracts in a gain position, and to the extent subject to legally enforceable master netting arrangements, net of derivatives in a loss position with the same counterparty and cash collateral received. We minimize counterparty credit risk through credit approvals, limits, monitoring procedures, executing master netting arrangements and obtaining collateral, where appropriate. To the extent the master netting arrangements and other criteria meet the applicable requirements, including determining the legal enforceability of the arrangement, it is our policy to present derivative balances and related cash collateral amounts net on the balance sheet. We incorporate credit valuation adjustments (CVA) to reflect counterparty credit risk in determining the fair value of our derivatives. Such adjustments, which consider the effects of enforceable master netting agreements and collateral arrangements, reflect market-based views of the credit quality of each counterparty. Our CVA calculation is determined based on observed credit spreads in the credit default swap market and indices indicative of the credit quality of the counterparties to our derivatives.

Note 13: Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities (continued)

114Wells Fargo & Company


Note 13:15:  Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities

We use fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determinefulfill fair value disclosures.disclosure requirements. Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, such as derivatives, residential MSRs, and trading or AFS debt securities, are presented in Table 13.215.1 in this Note. FromAdditionally, from time to time, we may be required to record fair value adjustments on a nonrecurring basis. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of LOCOMlower of cost or fair value (LOCOM) accounting, or write-downs of individual assets.assets or application of the measurement alternative for nonmarketable equity securities. Assets recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis are presented in Table 13.1415.4 in this Note. We provide in Table 15.8 estimates of fair value for financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value, such as loans and debt liabilities carried at amortized cost.
See Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) to Financial Statements in our 20162021 Form 10-K for discussion of how we determine fair value. For descriptions of the valuation methodologies we use for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis, and for estimating fair value for financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value, see Note 17 (Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities) to Financial Statements in our 20162021 Form 10-K.
FAIR VALUE HIERARCHY We groupclassify our assets and liabilities measuredrecorded at fair value as either Level 1, 2, or 3 in three levelsthe fair value hierarchy. The highest priority (Level 1) is assigned to valuations based on the markets in which the assets and liabilities are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:
Level 1 – Valuation is based uponunadjusted quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets.
Level 2 – Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets quoted pricesand the lowest priority (Level 3) is assigned to valuations based on significant unobservable inputs. See Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) in our 2021 Form 10-K for identical or similara detailed description of the fair value hierarchy.
In the determination of the classification of financial instruments in markets that are not active,Level 2 or Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, we consider all available information, including observable market data, indications of market liquidity and model-basedorderliness, and our understanding of the valuation techniques for which alland significant assumptionsinputs used. This determination is ultimately based upon the specific facts and circumstances of each instrument or instrument category and judgments are observablemade regarding the significance of the unobservable inputs to the instruments’ fair value measurement in its entirety. If unobservable inputs are considered significant, the market.instrument is classified as Level 3.
Level 3 – Valuation is generated from techniques that use significant assumptions that are not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include use of option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques.
In accordance with new accounting guidance that we adopted effective January 1, 2016, weWe do not classify an investmentnonmarketable equity securities in the fair value hierarchy if we use the non-published net asset value (NAV) per share (or its equivalent) that has been communicated to us as an investor as a practical expedient to measure fair value. We generally use NAV per share as the fair value measurement for certain nonmarketable equity fund investments. This guidance was required to be applied retrospectively. Accordingly, certain prior period fair value disclosures have been revised to conform with current period presentation. Marketable equity investmentssecurities with published NAVs continue to beare classified in the fair value hierarchy.
Fair Value Measurements from Vendors
For certain assets and liabilities, we obtain fair value measurements from vendors, which predominantly consist of third-party pricing services, and record the unadjusted fair value in our financial statements. For additional information, see Note 17 (Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities) to Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K. Table 13.1. presents unadjusted fair value measurements provided by brokers or third-party pricing services by fair value hierarchy level. Fair value measurements obtained from brokers or third-party pricing services that we have adjusted to determine the fair value recorded in our financial statements are excluded from Table 13.1.


Table 13.1:Fair Value Measurements by Brokers or Third-Party Pricing Services
  Brokers  Third-party pricing services 
(in millions)Level 1
 Level 2
 Level 3
 Level 1
 Level 2
 Level 3
September 30, 2017                 
Trading assets$
 
 
 674
 211
 
Available-for-sale securities:                 
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies
 
 
 3,400
 2,950
 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
 
 
 
 52,068
 50
Mortgage-backed securities
 37
 
 
 160,628
 76
Other debt securities (1)
 684
 1,146
 
 46,098
 22
Total debt securities
 721
 1,146
 3,400
 261,744
 148
Total marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 264
 
Total available-for-sale securities
 721
 1,146
 3,400
 262,008
 148
Derivatives assets
 
 
 19
 
 
Derivatives liabilities
 
 
 (16) 
 
Other liabilities (2)
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2016                 
Trading assets$
 
 
 899
 60
 
Available-for-sale securities:                 
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies
 
 
 22,870
 2,949
 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
 
 
 
 49,837
 208
Mortgage-backed securities
 171
 
 
 176,923
 92
Other debt securities (1)
 450
 968
 
 49,162
 54
Total debt securities
 621
 968
 22,870
 278,871
 354
Total marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 358
 
Total available-for-sale securities
 621
 968
 22,870
 279,229
 354
Derivatives assets
 
 
 22
 
 
Derivatives liabilities
 
 
 (109) (1) 
Other liabilities (2)
 
 
 
 
 
(1)Includes corporate debt securities, collateralized loan and other debt obligations, asset-backed securities, and other debt securities.Wells Fargo & Company115
(2)Includes short sale liabilities and other liabilities.


Note 13:15: Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities (continued)(continued)

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Table 13.215.1 presents the balances of assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis.
Table 13.2:15.1:Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
(in millions)Level 1
 Level 2
 Level 3
 Netting
 Total
September 30, 2017         
Trading assets         
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$16,882
 3,012
 
  
  19,894
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
 4,401
 3
  
  4,404
Collateralized loan obligations
 359
 383
  
  742
Corporate debt securities
 11,098
 34
  
  11,132
Mortgage-backed securities
 23,966
 
  
 23,966
Asset-backed securities
 799
 
  
 799
Equity securities25,980
 270
 
 
 26,250
Total trading securities (1)42,862
 43,905
 420
 
 87,187
Other trading assets
 1,161
 56
  
 1,217
Total trading assets42,862
 45,066
 476
 
 88,404
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies3,400
 2,950
 
  
 6,350
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
 52,068
 706
(2)
 52,774
Mortgage-backed securities:            
Federal agencies
 150,181
 
  
 150,181
Residential
 6,393
 1
  
 6,394
Commercial
 4,576
 76
  
 4,652
Total mortgage-backed securities
 161,150
 77
 
 161,227
Corporate debt securities56
 8,904
 380
  
 9,340
Collateralized loan and other debt obligations (3)
 34,594
 1,014
(2)
 35,608
Asset-backed securities:             
Automobile loans and leases
 544
 
 
 544
Home equity loans
 283
 
  
 283
Other asset-backed securities
 4,556
 635
(2)
 5,191
Total asset-backed securities
 5,383
 635
  
 6,018
Other debt securities
 
 
  
 
Total debt securities3,456
 265,049
 2,812
  
 271,317
Marketable equity securities:             
Perpetual preferred securities155
 264
 
 
 419
Other marketable equity securities474
 
 
  
 474
Total marketable equity securities629
 264
 
 
 893
Total available-for-sale securities4,085
 265,313
 2,812
 
 272,210
Mortgages held for sale
 15,452
 1,032
  
 16,484
Loans
 
 410
  
  410
Mortgage servicing rights (residential)
 
 13,338
  
  13,338
Derivative assets:              
Interest rate contracts26
 18,143
 172
  
  18,341
Commodity contracts
 1,546
 28
  
  1,574
Equity contracts1,708
 3,867
 1,221
  
  6,796
Foreign exchange contracts19
 8,733
 20
  
  8,772
Credit contracts
 275
 145
  
  420
Netting
 
 
  (23,323)(4)(23,323)
Total derivative assets1,753
 32,564
 1,586
  (23,323) 12,580
Other assets – excluding nonmarketable equity investments at NAV
 50
 4,473
  
  4,523
Total assets included in the fair value hierarchy$48,700
 358,445
 24,127
 (23,323) 407,949
Other assets – nonmarketable equity investments at NAV (5)

       
Total assets recorded at fair value

 

   

 $407,949
Derivative liabilities:              
Interest rate contracts$(18) (15,557) (58)  
  (15,633)
Commodity contracts
 (1,156) (16)  
  (1,172)
Equity contracts(1,125) (4,698) (1,812)  
  (7,635)
Foreign exchange contracts(16) (8,777) (13)  
  (8,806)
Credit contracts
 (384) (92)  
  (476)
Other derivative contracts
 
 (26)  
  (26)
Netting
 
 
  24,251
(4)24,251
Total derivative liabilities(1,159) (30,572) (2,017)  24,251
  (9,497)
Short sale liabilities:              
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies(10,401) (728) 
  
  (11,129)
Corporate debt securities
 (5,643) 
  
  (5,643)
Equity securities(2,283) (7) 
  
  (2,290)
Other securities
 (34) (3)  
  (37)
Total short sale liabilities(12,684) (6,412) (3)  
  (19,099)
Other liabilities
 
 (3)  
  (3)
Total liabilities recorded at fair value$(13,843) (36,984) (2,023)  24,251
  (28,599)
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in millions)Level 1Level 2Level 3TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Trading debt securities:
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies$29,706 3,317  33,023 $27,607 2,249 — 29,856 
Collateralized loan obligations 683 179 862 — 655 211 866 
Corporate debt securities 11,096 18 11,114 — 9,987 18 10,005 
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities— 32,788  32,788 — 40,350 — 40,350 
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities— 1,518 4 1,522 — 1,531 11 1,542 
Other debt securities 7,363  7,363 — 5,645 5,646 
Total trading debt securities29,706 56,765 201 86,672 27,607 60,417 241 88,265 
Available-for-sale debt securities:
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies46,433   46,433 39,661 — — 39,661 
Non-U.S. government securities 116  116 — 71 — 71 
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions 16,354 132 16,486 — 16,832 85 16,917 
Federal agency mortgage-backed securities 91,437  91,437 — 105,886 — 105,886 
Non-agency mortgage-backed securities 4,597 11 4,608 — 4,522 10 4,532 
Collateralized loan obligations 5,197  5,197 — 5,708 — 5,708 
Other debt securities 3,964 195 4,159 — 4,378 91 4,469 
Total available-for-sale debt securities46,433 121,665 338 168,436 39,661 137,397 186 177,244 
Loans held for sale 12,136 1,019 13,155 — 14,862 1,033 15,895 
Mortgage servicing rights (residential)  8,511 8,511 — — 6,920 6,920 
Derivative assets (gross):
Interest rate contracts241 30,251 46 30,538 52 22,296 190 22,538 
Commodity contracts 13,531 316 13,847 — 5,902 63 5,965 
Equity contracts3,752 8,555 605 12,912 6,402 9,350 2,019 17,771 
Foreign exchange contracts33 8,912 16 8,961 6,573 6,588 
Credit contracts 32 18 50 — 32 14 46 
Total derivative assets (gross)4,026 61,281 1,001 66,308 6,462 44,153 2,293 52,908 
Equity securities:
Marketable25,526 236 4 25,766 29,968 82 30,054 
Nonmarketable (1) 10,487 22 10,509 — 57 8,906 8,963 
Total equity securities25,526 10,723 26 36,275 29,968 139 8,910 39,017 
 Total assets prior to derivative netting$105,691 262,570 11,096 379,357 $103,698 256,968 19,583 380,249 
Derivative netting (2)(38,943)(31,430)
Total assets after derivative netting340,414 348,819 
Derivative liabilities (gross):
Interest rate contracts$(131)(27,356)(222)(27,709)$(28)(17,712)(63)(17,803)
Commodity contracts (5,543)(308)(5,851)— (2,351)(66)(2,417)
Equity contracts(2,620)(8,862)(2,030)(13,512)(5,820)(10,753)(2,448)(19,021)
Foreign exchange contracts(30)(9,051)(13)(9,094)(8)(6,654)(10)(6,672)
Credit contracts (36)(2)(38)— (40)(3)(43)
Total derivative liabilities (gross)(2,781)(50,848)(2,575)(56,204)(5,856)(37,510)(2,590)(45,956)
Short-sale and other trading liabilities(20,180)(6,202) (26,382)(15,436)(5,249)— (20,685)
Total liabilities prior to derivative netting$(22,961)(57,050)(2,575)(82,586)$(21,292)(42,759)(2,590)(66,641)
Derivative netting (2)40,705 36,532 
Total liabilities after derivative netting(41,881)(30,109)
(1)
Net gains (losses) from trading activities recognized in the income statement for the first nine monthsSeptember 30,2017 and 2016 both include $1.4 billion in net unrealized gains (losses) on trading securities held at September 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
(2)Balances consist
(1)Excludes $87 million and $81 million of nonmarketable equity securities as of March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively, that are mostly investment grade based on ratings received from the ratings agencies or internal credit grades categorized as investment grade if external ratings are not available. The securities are classified as Level 3 due to limited market activity.
(3)
Includes collateralized debt obligations of $1.0 billion.
(4)Represents balance sheet netting of derivative asset and liability balances and related cash collateral. See Note 12 (Derivatives) for additional information.
(5)Consists of certain nonmarketable equity investments that are measured at fair value using NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient and are excluded from the fair value hierarchy.
(continued on following page)

(continued from previous page)
(in millions)  
Level 1
 Level 2
 Level 3
 Netting
 Total
December 31, 2016         
Trading assets         
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies  $14,950
 2,710
 
 
 17,660
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions  
 2,910
 3
 
 2,913
Collateralized loan obligations
 501
 309
 
 810
Corporate debt securities  
 9,481
 34
 
 9,515
Mortgage-backed securities  
 20,254
 
 
 20,254
Asset-backed securities  
 1,128
 
 
 1,128
Equity securities  20,462
 290
 
 
 20,752
Total trading securities (1)35,412
 37,274
 346
 
 73,032
Other trading assets  
 1,337
 28
 
 1,365
Total trading assets35,412
 38,611
 374
 
 74,397
Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies  22,870
 2,949
 
 
 25,819
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
 49,961
 1,140
(2)
 51,101
Mortgage-backed securities:               
Federal agencies  
 161,230
 
  
 161,230
Residential  
 7,815
 1
  
 7,816
Commercial  
 8,411
 91
  
 8,502
Total mortgage-backed securities  
 177,456
 92
 
 177,548
Corporate debt securities  58
 10,967
 432
  
 11,457
Collateralized loan and other debt obligations (3)
 34,141
 879
(2)
 35,020
Asset-backed securities:               
Automobile loans and leases  
 9
 
 
 9
Home equity loans  
 327
 
  
 327
Other asset-backed securities  
 4,909
 962
(2)
 5,871
Total asset-backed securities  
 5,245
 962
  
 6,207
Other debt securities  
 1
 
  
 1
Total debt securities  22,928
 280,720
 3,505
  
 307,153
Marketable equity securities:               
Perpetual preferred securities112
 357
 
 
 469
Other marketable equity securities  741
 1
 
  
 742
Total marketable equity securities  853
 358
 
 
 1,211
Total available-for-sale securities  23,781
 281,078
 3,505
 
 308,364
Mortgages held for sale   
 21,057
 985
 
 22,042
Loans  
 
 758
 
 758
Mortgage servicing rights (residential)  
 
 12,959
 
 12,959
Derivative assets:              
Interest rate contracts  44
 64,986
 238
 
 65,268
Commodity contracts  
 3,020
 37
 
 3,057
Equity contracts  1,314
 2,997
 1,047
 
 5,358
Foreign exchange contracts  22
 10,843
 29
 
 10,894
Credit contracts  
 280
 272
 
 552
Netting  
 
 
 (70,631)(4)(70,631)
Total derivative assets1,380
 82,126
 1,623
 (70,631) 14,498
Other assets – excluding nonmarketable equity investments at NAV
 16
 3,259
 
 3,275
Total assets included in the fair value hierarchy$60,573
 422,888
 23,463
 (70,631) 436,293
Other assets – nonmarketable equity investments at NAV (5)        
Total assets recorded at fair value

 

 

 

 $436,293
Derivative liabilities:              
Interest rate contracts  $(45) (65,047) (117) 
 (65,209)
Commodity contracts  
 (2,537) (14) 
 (2,551)
Equity contracts  (919) (3,879) (1,314) 
 (6,112)
Foreign exchange contracts  (109) (12,616) (17) 
 (12,742)
Credit contracts  
 (332) (195) 
 (527)
Other derivative contracts  
 
 (47) 
 (47)
Netting  
 
 
 72,696
(4)72,696
Total derivative liabilities(1,073) (84,411) (1,704) 72,696
 (14,492)
Short sale liabilities:              

Securities of U.S. Treasury and federal agencies  (9,722) (701) 
 
 (10,423)
Corporate debt securities  
 (4,063) 
 
 (4,063)
Equity securities  (1,795) 
 
 
 (1,795)
Other securities  
 (98) 
 
 (98)
Total short sale liabilities  (11,517) (4,862) 
 
 (16,379)
Other liabilities 
 
 (4) 
 (4)
Total liabilities recorded at fair value  $(12,590) (89,273) (1,708) 72,696
 (30,875)
(1)
Net gains (losses) from trading activities recognized in the income statement for the year ended December 31, 2016, include $820 million in net unrealized gains (losses) on trading securities held at December 31, 2016.
(2)Balances consist of securities that are mostly investment grade based on ratings received from the ratings agencies or internal credit grades categorized as investment grade if external ratings are not available. The securities are classified as Level 3 due to limited market activity.
(3)
Includes collateralized debt obligations of $847 million
(4)Represents balance sheet netting of derivative asset and liability balances and related cash collateral. See Note 12 (Derivatives) for additional information.
(5)Consists of certain nonmarketable equity investments that are measured at fair value using NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient and are excluded from the fair value hierarchy.



Note 13: Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities (continued)

Changes in Fair Value Levels
We monitor the availability of observable market data to assess the appropriate classification of financial instruments within the fair value hierarchy and transfer between Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 accordingly. Observable market data includes but is not limited to quoted prices and market transactions. Changes in economic conditions or market liquidity generally will drive changes in availability of observable market data. Changes in availability of observable market data, which also may result in
changing the valuation technique used, are generally the cause of transfers between Level 1, Level 2,and Level 3.
Transfers into and out of Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 are provided within Table 13.3 for the periods presented. The amounts reported as transfers represent the fair value as of the beginning of the quarter in which the transfer occurred.
Table 13.3:Transfers Between Fair Value Levels
  Transfers Between Fair Value Levels   
  Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 (1)   
(in millions)In Out In Out In Out Total  
Quarter ended September 30, 2017                    
Trading assets$
 
 
 (20) 20
 
 
Available-for-sale securities
 
 838
 
 
 (838) 
Mortgages held for sale
 
 2
 (55) 55
 (2) 
Other assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net derivative assets and liabilities (2)
 
 6
 15
 (15) (6) 
Short sale liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total transfers$
 
 846
 (60) 60
 (846) 
Quarter ended September 30, 2016                    
Trading assets$1
 (44) 44
 (2) 1
 
 
Available-for-sale securities
 
 465
 
 
 (465) 
Mortgages held for sale
 
 3
 (18) 18
 (3) 
Other assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net derivative assets and liabilities (2)
 
 79
 (14) 14
 (79) 
Short sale liabilities
 1
 (1) 
 
 
 
Total transfers$1
 (43) 590
 (34) 33
 (547) 
Nine months ended September 30, 2017                    
Trading assets$
 
 1
 (39) 39
 (1) 
Available-for-sale securities
 
 1,334
 (5) 5
 (1,334) 
Mortgages held for sale
 
 8
 (116) 116
 (8) 
Other assets
 
 
 (1) 1
 
��
Net derivative assets and liabilities (2)
 
 89
 37
 (37) (89) 
Short sale liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total transfers$
 
 1,432
 (124) 124
 (1,432) 
Nine months ended September 30, 2016                    
Trading assets$5
 (48) 59
 (6) 1
 (11) 
Available-for-sale securities
 
 481
 (80) 80
 (481) 
Mortgages held for sale
 
 12
 (72) 72
 (12) 
Other assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net derivative assets and liabilities (2)
 
 129
 (42) 42
 (129) 
Short sale liabilities(1) 1
 (1) 1
 
 
 
Total transfers$4
 (47) 680
 (199) 195
 (633) 
(1)All transfers in and out of Level 3 are disclosed within the recurring Level 3 rollforward tables in this Note.
(2)Includes transfers of net derivative assets and net derivative liabilities between levels due to changes in observable market data.


The changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value onusing non-published NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a recurring basispractical expedient that are not classified in the fair value hierarchy.
(2)Represents balance sheet netting of derivative asset and liability balances, related cash collateral and portfolio level counterparty valuation adjustments. See Note 14 (Derivatives) for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, are presented in Table 13.4.additional information.
Table 13.4:Changes in
116Wells Fargo & Company


Level 3 Fair Value Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis – Quarter ended September 30, 2017
    
 
Total net gains
(losses) included in
  
Purchases,
sales,
issuances
and
settlements,
net (1)

   
   
   
 
Net unrealized
gains (losses)
included in
income related
to assets and
liabilities held
at period end

  
(in millions)
Balance,
beginning
of period

 
Net
income

 
Other
compre-
hensive
income

  
Transfers
into
Level 3

 
Transfers
out of
Level 3

 
Balance,
end of
period

 (2)
Quarter ended September 30, 2017                        
Trading assets:                        
Securities of U.S. states and
political subdivisions
$9
 
 
 (6) 
 
 3
 
  
Collateralized loan obligations403
 
 
 (20) 
 
 383
 (4)  
Corporate debt securities26
 
 
 6
 2
 
 34
 
  
Mortgage-backed securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Asset-backed securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Total trading securities438
 
 
 (20) 2
 
 420
 (4)  
Other trading assets39
 
 
 (1) 18
 
 56
 
 
Total trading assets477
 
 
 (21) 20
 
 476
 (4)(3)
Available-for-sale securities:                         
Securities of U.S. states and
political subdivisions
1,557
 3
 3
 (19) 
 (838) 706
 
  
Mortgage-backed securities:                        
Residential1
 
 
 
 
 
 1
 
  
Commercial75
 
 1
 
 
 
 76
 
  
Total mortgage-backed securities76
 
 1
 
 
 
 77
 
 
Corporate debt securities376
 1
 4
 (1) 
 
 380
 
  
Collateralized loan and other
debt obligations
1,002
 7
 25
 (20) 
 
 1,014
 
  
Asset-backed securities:                        
Automobile loans and leases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Other asset-backed securities872
 1
 2
 (240) 
 
 635
 
  
Total asset-backed securities872
 1
 2
 (240) 
 
 635
 
  
Total debt securities3,883
 12
 35
 (280) 
 (838) 2,812
 
(4)
Marketable equity securities:                         
Perpetual preferred securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Other marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Total marketable
equity securities

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(5)
Total available-for-sale
securities
3,883
 12
 35
 (280) 
 (838) 2,812
 
  
Mortgages held for sale995
 (10) 
 (6) 55
 (2) 1,032
 (11)(6)
Loans443
 
 
 (33) 
 
 410
 (3)(6)
Mortgage servicing rights (residential) (7)12,789
 (661) 
 1,210
 
 
 13,338
 (142)(6)
Net derivative assets and liabilities:                        
Interest rate contracts115
 158
 
 (159) 
 
 114
 8
  
Commodity contracts17
 (16) 
 9
 2
��
 12
 7
  
Equity contracts(471) (70) 
 (27) (17) (6) (591) (130)  
Foreign exchange contracts4
 3
 
 
 
 
 7
 1
  
Credit contracts72
 (6) 
 (13) 
 
 53
 (6)  
Other derivative contracts(34) 8
 
 
 
 
 (26) 8
  
Total derivative contracts(297) 77
 
 (190) (15) (6) (431) (112)(8)
Other assets3,960
 513
 
 
 
 
 4,473
 513
(5)
Short sale liabilities
 
 
 (3) 
 
 (3) 
(3)
Other liabilities(3) 
 
 
 
 
 (3) 
(6)
(1)See Table 13.5 for detail.
(2)Represents only net gains (losses) that are due to changes in economic conditions and management’s estimates of fair value and excludes changes due to the collection/realization of cash flows over time.
(3)Included in net gains (losses) from trading activities and other noninterest income in the income statement.
(4)Included in net gains (losses) from debt securities in the income statement.
(5)Included in net gains (losses) from equity investments in the income statement.
(6)Included in mortgage banking and other noninterest income in the income statement.
(7)For more information on the changes in mortgage servicing rights, see Note 8 (Mortgage Banking Activities).
(8)Included in mortgage banking, trading activities, equity investments and other noninterest income in the income statement.
(continued on following page)



Note 13: Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities (continued)

(continued from previous page)
Table 13.515.2 presents gross purchases, sales, issuances and settlements related to the changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the quarter ended September 30, 2017.basis.
Table 13.5:Gross Purchases, Sales, Issuances and Settlements – Level 3 – Quarter ended September 30, 2017


(in millions)Purchases
 Sales
 Issuances
 Settlements
 Net
Quarter ended September 30, 2017              
Trading assets:              
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions$30
 (35) 
 (1) (6)
Collateralized loan obligations51
 (36) 
 (35) (20)
Corporate debt securities9
 (3) 
 
 6
Mortgage-backed securities
 
 
 
 
Asset-backed securities
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
 
 
 
 
Total trading securities90
 (74) 
 (36) (20)
Other trading assets
 (1) 
 
 (1)
Total trading assets90
 (75) 
 (36) (21)
Available-for-sale securities:              
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
 (68) 98
 (49) (19)
Mortgage-backed securities:              
Residential
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
 
 
 
Total mortgage-backed securities
 
 
 
 
Corporate debt securities
 
 
 (1) (1)
Collateralized loan and other debt obligations6
 
 
 (26) (20)
Asset-backed securities:              
Automobile loans and leases
 
 
 
 
Other asset-backed securities
 
 16
 (256) (240)
Total asset-backed securities
 
 16
 (256) (240)
Total debt securities6
 (68) 114
 (332) (280)
Marketable equity securities:              
Perpetual preferred securities
 
 
 
 
Other marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
Total marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
Total available-for-sale securities6
 (68) 114
 (332) (280)
Mortgages held for sale17
 (130) 147
 (40) (6)
Loans2
 
 5
 (40) (33)
Mortgage servicing rights (residential) (1)541
 64
 605
 
 1,210
Net derivative assets and liabilities:              
Interest rate contracts
 
 
 (159) (159)
Commodity contracts
 
 
 9
 9
Equity contracts
 (48) 
 21
 (27)
Foreign exchange contracts
 
 
 
 
Credit contracts1
 
 
 (14) (13)
Other derivative contracts
 
 
 
 
Total derivative contracts1
 (48) 
 (143) (190)
Other assets
 
 
 
 
Short sale liabilities
 (3) 
 
 (3)
Other liabilities
 
 
 
 
(1)For more information on the changes in mortgage servicing rights, see Note 8 (Mortgage Banking Activities).



The changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the quarter ended September 30, 2016, are presented in Table 13.6.
Table 13.6:15.2:Changes in Level 3 Fair Value Assets and Liabilities on a Recurring Basis – Quarter ended September 30, 2016
Net unrealized gains (losses)
related to assets and liabilities held at period end
(in millions)Balance,
beginning
of period
Net gains/(losses) (1)Purchases (2)SalesSettlementsTransfers 
into 
Level 3 (3)
Transfers
out of
Level 3 (4)
Balance, 
end of 
period
(5)
Quarter ended March 31, 2022
Trading debt securities$241 (15)47 (14)(35)5 (28)201 (17)(6)
Available-for-sale debt securities186 (21)52  (5)126  338 (21)(6)
Loans held for sale1,033 (57)63 (43)(73)102 (6)1,019 (57)(7)
Mortgage servicing rights (residential) (8)6,920 1,248 342 1    8,511 1,605 (7)
Net derivative assets and liabilities:
Interest rate contracts127 (578)  275   (176)(259)
Equity contracts(429)(213)  589 (80)(1,292)(1,425)269 
Other derivative contracts5 (22)  44   27 18 
Total derivative contracts(297)(813)  908 (80)(1,292)(1,574)28 (9)
Equity securities8,910 (1)   2 (8,885)26 (2)(6)
Quarter ended March 31, 2021
Trading debt securities$173 16 169 (173)— — 192 (6)
Available-for-sale debt securities2,994 (7)15 — (68)242 (34)3,142 (27)(6)
Loans held for sale1,234 (19)129 (148)(110)81 (1)1,166 (17)(7)
Mortgage servicing rights (residential) (8)6,125 1,006 406 (1)— — — 7,536 1,591 (7)
Net derivative assets and liabilities:
Interest rate contracts446 (541)— — 101 — (5)(225)
Equity contracts(314)(168)— — 40 (27)40 (429)(177)
Other derivative contracts39 27 — — (10)— — 56 16 
Total derivative contracts171 (682)— — 131 (27)35 (372)(386)(9)
Equity securities9,233 (365)— (5)— — 8,865 (365)(6)
(1)Includes net gains (losses) included in both net income and other comprehensive income. All amounts represent net gains (losses) included in net income except for $(21) million and $14 million included in other comprehensive income from AFS debt securities for first quarter 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(2)Includes originations of mortgage servicing rights and loans held for sale.
(3)All assets and liabilities transferred into Level 3 were previously classified within Level 2.
(4)All assets and liabilities transferred out of Level 3 are classified as Level 2. During first quarter 2022, we transferred $8.9 billion of non-marketable equity securities and $1.4 billion of related economic hedging derivative assets (equity contracts) out of Level 3 due to our election to measure fair value of these instruments as a portfolio. Under this election, the unit of valuation is the portfolio-level, rather than each individual instrument. The unobservable inputs previously significant to the valuation of the instruments individually are no longer significant, as those unobservable inputs offset under the portfolio election.
(5)Includes net unrealized gains (losses) related to assets and liabilities held at period end included in both net income and other comprehensive income. All amounts represent net unrealized gains (losses) included in net income except for $(21) million and $0 million included in other comprehensive income from AFS debt securities for first quarter 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(6)Included in net gains from trading and securities in the consolidated statement of income.
(7)Included in mortgage banking income in the consolidated statement of income.
(8)For additional information on the changes in mortgage servicing rights, see Note 9 (Mortgage Banking Activities).
(9)Included in mortgage banking income, net gains from trading and securities, and other noninterest income in the consolidated statement of income.
  
Balance,
beginning
of period

 
Total net gains
(losses) included in
  
Purchases,
sales,
issuances
and
settlements,
net (1)

   
   
   
 
Net unrealized
gains (losses)
included in
income related
to assets and
liabilities held
at period end

  
(in millions) 
Net
income 

 
Other
compre-
hensive
income

  
Transfers
into
Level 3

 
Transfers
out of
Level 3

 
Balance,
end of
period

 (2)
Quarter ended September 30, 2016                         
Trading assets:                         
Securities of U.S. states and
political subdivisions
$7
 
 
 (4) 
 
 3
 
  
Collateralized loan obligations249
 
 
 39
 
 
 288
 (1)  
Corporate debt securities36
 1
 
 9
 
 
 46
 1
  
Mortgage-backed securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Asset-backed securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Equity securities
 
 
 (1) 1
 
 
 
  
Total trading securities292
 1
 
 43
 1
 
 337
 
  
Other trading assets33
 (3) 
 
 
 
 30
 (2)  
Total trading assets325
 (2) 
 43
 1
 
 367
 (2)(3)
Available-for-sale securities:                         
Securities of U.S. states and
political subdivisions
1,793
 1
 (15) (114) 
 (465) 1,200
 
  
Mortgage-backed securities:                        
Residential1
 
 
 
 
 
 1
 
  
Commercial94
 
 1
 (2) 
 
 93
 (1)  
Total mortgage-backed securities95
 
 1
 (2) 
 
 94
 (1)  
Corporate debt securities471
 3
 5
 (4) 
 
 475
 
  
Collateralized loan and other
debt obligations
951
 19
 2
 (12) 
 
 960
 
  
Asset-backed securities:                       
Automobile loans and leases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Other asset-backed securities1,117
 (1) 
 (70) 
 
 1,046
 
  
Total asset-backed securities1,117
 (1) 
 (70) 
 
 1,046
 
  
Total debt securities4,427
 22
 (7) (202) 
 (465) 3,775
 (1)(4)
Marketable equity securities:                         
Perpetual preferred securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Other marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Total marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(5)
Total available-for-sale
securities
4,427
 22
 (7) (202) 
 (465) 3,775
 (1)  
Mortgages held for sale1,084
 (10) 
 18
 18
 (3) 1,107
 (11)(6)
Loans5,032
 (25) 
 (219) 
 
 4,788
 (26)(6)
Mortgage servicing rights (residential) (7)10,396
 (594) 
 613
 
 
 10,415
 (8)(6)
Net derivative assets and liabilities:                        
Interest rate contracts690
 504
 
 (561) 
 
 633
 186
  
Commodity contracts21
 (3) 
 
 1
 1
 20
 (1)  
Equity contracts(252) (33) 
 (7) (3) (80) (375) (54)  
Foreign exchange contracts
 1
 
 
 16
 
 17
 2
  
Credit contracts61
 17
 
 (8) 
 
 70
 14
  
Other derivative contracts(88) 15
 
 
 
 
 (73) 16
  
Total derivative contracts432
 501
 
 (576) 14
 (79) 292
 163
(8)
Other assets3,038
 380
 
 
 
 
 3,418
 381
(5)
Short sale liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3)
Other liabilities(5) 1
 
 
 
 
 (4) 
(6)
(1)See Table 13.7 for detail.Wells Fargo & Company117
(2)Represents only net gains (losses) that are due to changes in economic conditions and management’s estimates of fair value and excludes changes due to the collection/realization of cash flows over time.
(3)Included in net gains (losses) from trading activities and other noninterest income in the income statement.
(4)Included in net gains (losses) from debt securities in the income statement.
(5)Included in net gains (losses) from equity investments in the income statement.
(6)Included in mortgage banking and other noninterest income in the income statement.
(7)For more information on the changes in mortgage servicing rights, see Note 8 (Mortgage Banking Activities).
(8)Included in mortgage banking, trading activities, equity investments and other noninterest income in the income statement.
(continued on following page)






Note 13:15: Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities (continued)(continued)

(continued from previous page)
Table 13.7 presents gross purchases, sales, issuances and settlements related to the changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the quarter ended September 30, 2016.
Table 13.7:Gross Purchases, Sales, Issuances and Settlements – Level 3 – Quarter ended September 30, 2016
(in millions)Purchases
 Sales
 Issuances
 Settlements
 Net
Quarter ended September 30, 2016              
Trading assets:              
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions$
 
 
 (4) (4)
Collateralized loan obligations75
 (36) 
 
 39
Corporate debt securities19
 (10) 
 
 9
Mortgage-backed securities
 
 
 
 
Asset-backed securities
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
 (1) 
 
 (1)
Total trading securities94
 (47) 
 (4) 43
Other trading assets
 
 
 
 
Total trading assets94
 (47) 
 (4) 43
Available-for-sale securities:              
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
 
 
 (114) (114)
Mortgage-backed securities:             
Residential
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
 
 (2) (2)
Total mortgage-backed securities
 
 
 (2) (2)
Corporate debt securities1
 (4) 
 (1) (4)
Collateralized loan and other debt obligations121
 (45) 
 (88) (12)
Asset-backed securities:             
Automobile loans and leases
 
 
 
 
Other asset-backed securities
 
 16
 (86) (70)
Total asset-backed securities
 
 16
 (86) (70)
Total debt securities122
 (49) 16
 (291) (202)
Marketable equity securities:              
Perpetual preferred securities
 
 
 
 
Other marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
Total marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
Total available-for-sale securities122
 (49) 16
 (291) (202)
Mortgages held for sale23
 (113) 161
 (53) 18
Loans
 
 76
 (295) (219)
Mortgage servicing rights (residential) (1)
 3
 609
 1
 613
Net derivative assets and liabilities:             
Interest rate contracts
 
 
 (561) (561)
Commodity contracts
 
 
 
 
Equity contracts
 
 
 (7) (7)
Foreign exchange contracts
 
 
 
 
Credit contracts2
 (1) 
 (9) (8)
Other derivative contracts
 
 
 
 
Total derivative contracts2
 (1) 
 (577) (576)
Other assets
 
 
 
 
Short sale liabilities
 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
 
 
 
 
(1)For more information on the changes in mortgage servicing rights, see Note 8 (Mortgage Banking Activities).


The changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the first nine months of 2017, are presented in Table 13.8.
Table 13.8:Changes in Level 3 Fair Value Assets and Liabilities on a Recurring Basis – Nine months ended September 30, 2017
    
 
Total net gains
(losses) included in
  
Purchases,
sales,
issuances
and
settlements,
net (1)

   
   
   
 
Net unrealized
gains (losses)
included in
income related
to assets and
liabilities held
at period end

  
(in millions)
Balance,
beginning
of period

 
Net
income

 
Other
compre-
hensive
income

  
Transfers
into
Level 3

 
Transfers
out of
Level 3

 
Balance,
end of
period

 (2)
Nine months ended September 30, 2017                        
Trading assets:                        
Securities of U.S. states and
political subdivisions
$3
 
 
 
 
 
 3
 
  
Collateralized loan obligations309
 (3) 
 77
 
 
 383
 (12)  
Corporate debt securities34
 1
 
 (5) 5
 (1) 34
 
  
Mortgage-backed securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Asset-backed securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Total trading securities346
 (2) 
 72
 5
 (1) 420
 (12)  
Other trading assets28
 (3) 
 (3) 34
 
 56
 (2) 
Total trading assets374
 (5) 
 69
 39
 (1) 476
 (14)(3)
Available-for-sale securities:                         
Securities of U.S. states and
political subdivisions
1,140
 4
 7
 884
 5
 (1,334) 706
 
  
Mortgage-backed securities:                        
Residential1
 
 
 
 
 
 1
 
  
Commercial91
 (6) 
 (9) 
 
 76
 (11)  
Total mortgage-backed securities92
 (6) 
 (9) 
 
 77
 (11) 
Corporate debt securities432
 (13) 14
 (53) 
 
 380
 
  
Collateralized loan and other
debt obligations
879
 17
 70
 48
 
 
 1,014
 
  
Asset-backed securities:                        
Automobile loans and leases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Other asset-backed securities962
 1
 5
 (333) 
 
 635
 
  
Total asset-backed securities962
 1
 5
 (333) 
 
 635
 
  
Total debt securities3,505
 3
 96
 537
 5
 (1,334) 2,812
 (11)(4)
Marketable equity securities:                         
Perpetual preferred securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Other marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Total marketable
equity securities

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(5)
Total available-for-sale
securities
3,505
 3
 96
 537
 5
 (1,334) 2,812
 (11)  
Mortgages held for sale985
 (20) 
 (41) 116
 (8) 1,032
 (21)(6)
Loans758
 (6) 
 (342) 
 
 410
 (9)(6)
Mortgage servicing rights (residential) (7)12,959
 (1,795) 
 2,174
 
 
 13,338
 (328)(6)
Net derivative assets and liabilities:                        
Interest rate contracts121
 625
 
 (632) 
 
 114
 (10)  
Commodity contracts23
 (14) 
 3
 2
 (2) 12
 9
  
Equity contracts(267) (128) 
 (70) (39) (87) (591) (223)  
Foreign exchange contracts12
 (5) 
 
 
 
 7
 (1)  
Credit contracts77
 29
 
 (53) 
 
 53
 (42)  
Other derivative contracts(47) 22
 
 (1) 
 
 (26) 22
  
Total derivative contracts(81) 529
 
 (753) (37) (89) (431) (245)(8)
Other assets3,259
 1,214
 
 (1) 1
 
 4,473
 1,215
(5)
Short sale liabilities
 
 
 (3) 
 
 (3) 
(3)
Other liabilities(4) 1
 
 
 
 
 (3) 
(6)
(1)See Table 13.9 for detail.
(2)Represents only net gains (losses) that are due to changes in economic conditions and management’s estimates of fair value and excludes changes due to the collection/realization of cash flows over time.
(3)Included in net gains (losses) from trading activities and other noninterest income in the income statement.
(4)Included in net gains (losses) from debt securities in the income statement.
(5)Included in net gains (losses) from equity investments in the income statement.
(6)Included in mortgage banking and other noninterest income in the income statement.
(7)For more information on the changes in mortgage servicing rights, see Note 8 (Mortgage Banking Activities).
(8)Included in mortgage banking, trading activities, equity investments and other noninterest income in the income statement.
(continued on following page)

Note 13: Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities (continued)

(continued from previous page)
Table 13.9 presents gross purchases, sales, issuances and settlements related to the changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the first nine months of 2017.
Table 13.9:Gross Purchases, Sales, Issuances and Settlements – Level 3 – Nine months ended September 30, 2017
(in millions)Purchases
 Sales
 Issuances
 Settlements
 Net
Nine months ended September 30, 2017              
Trading assets:              
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions$37
 (36) 
 (1) 
Collateralized loan obligations337
 (165) 
 (95) 77
Corporate debt securities18
 (23) 
 
 (5)
Mortgage-backed securities
 
 
 
 
Asset-backed securities
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
 
 
 
 
Total trading securities392
 (224) 
 (96) 72
Other trading assets
 (1) 
 (2) (3)
Total trading assets392
 (225) 
 (98) 69
Available-for-sale securities:              
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions
 (68) 1,099
 (147) 884
Mortgage-backed securities:              
Residential
 
 
 
 
Commercial
 
 
 (9) (9)
Total mortgage-backed securities
 
 
 (9) (9)
Corporate debt securities4
 
 
 (57) (53)
Collateralized loan and other debt obligations135
 
 
 (87) 48
Asset-backed securities:              
Automobile loans and leases
 
 
 
 
Other asset-backed securities
 
 198
 (531) (333)
Total asset-backed securities
 
 198
 (531) (333)
Total debt securities139
 (68) 1,297
 (831) 537
Marketable equity securities:              
Perpetual preferred securities
 
 
 
 
Other marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
Total marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
Total available-for-sale securities139
 (68) 1,297
 (831) 537
Mortgages held for sale57
 (374) 386
 (110) (41)
Loans5
 (129) 14
 (232) (342)
Mortgage servicing rights (residential) (1)541
 9
 1,624
 
 2,174
Net derivative assets and liabilities:              
Interest rate contracts
 
 
 (632) (632)
Commodity contracts
 
 
 3
 3
Equity contracts
 (117) 
 47
 (70)
Foreign exchange contracts
 
 
 
 
Credit contracts5
 (2) 
 (56) (53)
Other derivative contracts
 
 
 (1) (1)
Total derivative contracts5
 (119) 
 (639) (753)
Other assets
 (1) 
 
 (1)
Short sale liabilities
 (3) 
 
 (3)
Other liabilities
 
 
 
 
(1)For more information on the changes in mortgage servicing rights, see Note 8 (Mortgage Banking Activities).


The changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the first nine months of 2016, are presented in Table 13.10.

Table 13.10:Changes in Level 3 Fair Value Assets and Liabilities on a Recurring Basis – Nine months ended September 30, 2016
  
Balance,
beginning
of period

 
Total net gains
(losses) included in
  
Purchases,
sales,
issuances
and
settlements,
net (1)

   
   
   
 
Net unrealized
gains (losses)
included in
income related
to assets and
liabilities held
at period end

  
(in millions) 
Net
income 

 
Other
compre-
hensive
income

  
Transfers
into
Level 3

 
Transfers
out of
Level 3

 
Balance,
end of
period

 (2)
Nine months ended September 30, 2016                         
Trading assets:                         
Securities of U.S. states and
political subdivisions
$8
 
 
 (5) 
 
 3
 
  
Collateralized loan obligations343
 (24) 
 (20) 
 (11) 288
 (25)  
Corporate debt securities56
 (7) 
 (3) 
 
 46
 (6)  
Mortgage-backed securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Asset-backed securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Equity securities
 
 
 (1) 1
 
 
 
  
Total trading securities407
 (31) 
 (29) 1
 (11) 337
 (31)  
Other trading assets34
 (4) 
 
 
 
 30
 1
  
Total trading assets441
 (35) 
 (29) 1
 (11) 367
 (30)(3)
Available-for-sale securities:                         
Securities of U.S. states and
political subdivisions
1,500
 5
 (11) 107
 80
 (481) 1,200
 
  
Mortgage-backed securities:                        
Residential1
 
 
 
 
 
 1
 
  
Commercial73
 
 1
 19
 
 
 93
 (1)  
Total mortgage-backed securities74
 
 1
 19
 
 
 94
 (1)  
Corporate debt securities405
 8
 33
 29
 
 
 475
 
  
Collateralized loan and other
debt obligations
565
 42
 (18) 371
 
 
 960
 
  
Asset-backed securities:                        
Automobile loans and leases
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Other asset-backed securities1,182
 1
 (7) (130) 
 
 1,046
 (4)  
Total asset-backed securities1,182
 1
 (7) (130) 
 
 1,046
 (4)  
Total debt securities3,726
 56
 (2) 396
 80
 (481) 3,775
 (5)(4)
Marketable equity securities:                         
Perpetual preferred securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Other marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
Total marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(5)
Total available-for-sale
securities
3,726
 56
 (2) 396
 80
 (481) 3,775
 (5)  
Mortgages held for sale1,082
 20
 
 (55) 72
 (12) 1,107
 15
(6)
Loans5,316
 (29) 
 (499) 
 
 4,788
 (30)(6)
Mortgage servicing rights (residential) (7)12,415
 (3,434) 
 1,434
 
 
 10,415
 (1,789)(6)
Net derivative assets and liabilities:                        
Interest rate contracts288
 1,763
 
 (1,411) 
 (7) 633
 374
  
Commodity contracts12
 5
 
 (2) 4
 1
 20
 13
  
Equity contracts(111) (26) 
 (137) 22
 (123) (375) (278)  
Foreign exchange contracts
 1
 
 
 16
 
 17
 16
  
Credit contracts(3) 25
 
 48
 
 
 70
 16
  
Other derivative contracts(58) (15) 
 
 
 
 (73) (15)  
Total derivative contracts128
 1,753
 
 (1,502) 42
 (129) 292
 126
(8)
Other assets3,065
 142
 
 211
 
 
 3,418
 142
(5)
Short sale liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(3)
Other liabilities(30) 1
 
 25
 
 
 (4) 
(6)
(1)See Table 13.11 for detail.
(2)Represents only net gains (losses) that are due to changes in economic conditions and management’s estimates of fair value and excludes changes due to the collection/realization of cash flows over time.
(3)Included in net gains (losses) from trading activities and other noninterest income in the income statement.
(4)Included in net gains (losses) from debt securities in the income statement.
(5)Included in net gains (losses) from equity investments in the income statement.
(6)Included in mortgage banking and other noninterest income in the income statement.
(7)For more information on the changes in mortgage servicing rights, see Note 8 (Mortgage Banking Activities).
(8)Included in mortgage banking, trading activities, equity investments and other noninterest income in the income statement.
(continued on following page)
Note 13: Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities (continued)

(continued from previous page)

Table 13.11 presents gross purchases, sales, issuances and settlements related to the changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the first nine months of 2016.

Table 13.11:Gross Purchases, Sales, Issuances and Settlements – Level 3 – Nine months ended September 30, 2016
(in millions)Purchases
 Sales
 Issuances
 Settlements
 Net
Nine months ended September 30, 2016              
Trading assets:              
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions$2
 (2) 
 (5) (5)
Collateralized loan obligations265
 (285) 
 
 (20)
Corporate debt securities32
 (35) 
 
 (3)
Mortgage-backed securities
 
 
 
 
Asset-backed securities
 
 
 
 
Equity securities
 (1) 
 
 (1)
Total trading securities299
 (323) 
 (5) (29)
Other trading assets
 
 
 
 
Total trading assets299
 (323) 
 (5) (29)
Available-for-sale securities:              
Securities of U.S. states and political subdivisions28
 (7) 475
 (389) 107
Mortgage-backed securities:             
Residential
 
 
 
 
Commercial22
 
 
 (3) 19
Total mortgage-backed securities22
 
 
 (3) 19
Corporate debt securities35
 (4) 
 (2) 29
Collateralized loan and other debt obligations610
 (49) 
 (190) 371
Asset-backed securities:         
Automobile loans and leases
 
 
 
 
Other asset-backed securities
 (28) 214
 (316) (130)
Total asset-backed securities
 (28) 214
 (316) (130)
Total debt securities695
 (88) 689
 (900) 396
Marketable equity securities:              
Perpetual preferred securities
 
 
 
 
Other marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
Total marketable equity securities
 
 
 
 
Total available-for-sale securities695
 (88) 689
 (900) 396
Mortgages held for sale67
 (424) 443
 (141) (55)
Loans12
 
 248
 (759) (499)
Mortgage servicing rights (residential) (1)
 (19) 1,452
 1
 1,434
Net derivative assets and liabilities:             
Interest rate contracts
 
 
 (1,411) (1,411)
Commodity contracts
 
 
 (2) (2)
Equity contracts29
 (146) 
 (20) (137)
Foreign exchange contracts
 
 
 
 
Credit contracts5
 (2) 
 45
 48
Other derivative contracts
 
 
 
 
Total derivative contracts34
 (148) 
 (1,388) (1,502)
Other assets211
 
 
 
 211
Short sale liabilities
 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
 
 
 25
 25
(1)For more information on the changes in mortgage servicing rights, see Note 8 (Mortgage Banking Activities).

Table 13.12 and Table 13.13 provide15.3 provides quantitative information about the valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of substantially all of our Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for which we use an internal model.basis.
The significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 assets and liabilities that are valued usinginherent in the fair values obtained from third partythird-party vendors are not included in the table, as the specific inputs applied are not
provided by the vendor. In addition, the table excludes the valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs for certain classes of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured using an internal model that we consider, both individually and in the aggregate, insignificant relative to our overall Level 3 assets and liabilities. We made this determination
based upon an evaluation of each class, which considered the magnitude of the positions, nature of the unobservable inputs and potential for significant changes in fair value due to changes in those inputs. Forvendor (for additional information on how changes in significant unobservable inputs affect the fair values of Level 3 assets and liabilities,vendor-developed valuations, see Note 17 (Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities) to Financial Statements in our 20162021 Form 10-K. 10-K).
Weighted averages of inputs are calculated using outstanding unpaid principal balance for cash instruments, such as loans and securities, and notional amounts for derivative instruments.

Table 13.12:15.3:Valuation Techniques – Recurring Basis – September 30, 2017

($ in millions, except cost to service amounts)Fair Value Level 3Valuation TechniqueSignificant
Unobservable Input
Range of Inputs Weighted
Average
March 31, 2022
Trading and available-for-sale debt securities$182 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate1.1 -12.5 %4.8 
12 Vendor priced
240 Market comparable pricingComparability adjustment(29.2)-13.7 (5.9)
105 Market comparable pricingMultiples5.6x-5.6x5.6x
Loans held for sale1,019 Discounted cash flowDefault rate0.0 -39.9 %1.2 
Discount rate0.7 -13.6 6.2 
Loss severity0.0 -46.1 14.8 
Prepayment rate6.7 -17.2 12.4 
Mortgage servicing rights (residential)8,511 Discounted cash flowCost to service per loan (1)$52 -555 102 
Discount rate6.8 -9.9 %7.4 
Prepayment rate (2)10.0 -17.0 11.1 
Net derivative assets and (liabilities):
Interest rate contracts9 Discounted cash flowDefault rate0.0 -5.0 2.2 
Loss severity50.0 -50.0 50.0 
Prepayment rate2.8 -22.0 18.8 
Interest rate contracts: derivative loan
commitments
(185)Discounted cash flowFall-out factor1.0 -99.0 15.1 
Initial-value servicing(69.0)-168.0 bps33.4 
Equity contracts(1,070)Discounted cash flowConversion factor(10.1)-0.0 %(9.6)
Weighted average life0.3-1.8yrs0.9
(355)Option modelCorrelation factor(77.0)-99.0 %56.5 
Volatility factor6.5 -83.5 31.1 
Insignificant Level 3 assets, net of liabilities53 
Total Level 3 assets, net of liabilities$8,521 (3)
December 31, 2021
Trading and available-for-sale debt securities$136 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate0.4 -12.5 %5.5 
11 Vendor priced
280 Market comparable pricingComparability adjustment(30.2)-19.2 (4.6)
Loans held for sale1,033 Discounted cash flowDefault rate0.0 -29.2 %1.2 
Discount rate1.6 -11.9 5.1 
Loss severity0.0 -46.9 15.4 
Prepayment rate7.5 -18.2 13.1 
Mortgage servicing rights (residential)6,920 Discounted cash flowCost to service per loan (1)$54 -585 106 
Discount rate5.8 -8.8 %6.4 
Prepayment rate (2)12.5 -21.1 14.7 
Net derivative assets and (liabilities):
Interest rate contracts87 Discounted cash flowDefault rate0.0 -5.0 2.1 
Loss severity50.0 -50.0 50.0 
Prepayment rate2.8 -22.0 18.7 
Interest rate contracts: derivative loan
commitments
40 Discounted cash flowFall-out factor1.0 -99.0 16.8 
Initial-value servicing(74.8)-146.0  bps50.9 
Equity contracts253 Discounted cash flowConversion factor(10.2)-0.0 %(9.7)
Weighted average life0.5-2.0 yrs1.1
(682)Option modelCorrelation factor(77.0)-99.0 %23.2 
Volatility factor6.5 -72.0 29.1 
Nonmarketable equity securities8,906 Market comparable pricingComparability adjustment(21.6)-(7.7)(15.5)
Insignificant Level 3 assets, net of liabilities
Total Level 3 assets, net of liabilities$16,993 (3)
($ in millions, except cost to service amounts)Fair Value Level 3
 Valuation Technique(s) Significant Unobservable Input Range of Inputs    
Weighted
Average (1)

September 30, 2017            
Trading and available-for-sale securities:            
Securities of U.S. states and
political subdivisions:
            
Government, healthcare and
other revenue bonds
$630
 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 1.3
-5.4
% 2.4
Other municipal bonds29
 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 4.2
-4.3
  4.3
 50
 Vendor priced         
Collateralized loan and other debt
obligations (2)
383
 Market comparable pricing Comparability adjustment (16.5)-24.0
  3.1
 1,014
 Vendor priced         
Asset-backed securities:            
Diversified payment rights (3)324
 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 2.1
-3.7
  2.8
Other commercial and consumer285
(4)Discounted cash flow Discount rate 3.3
-4.7
  3.9
     Weighted average life 1.3
-3.5
yrs 1.9
 26
 Vendor priced         
Mortgages held for sale (residential)1,009
 Discounted cash flow Default rate 0.0
-5.6
% 1.2
     Discount rate 1.1
-7.1
  5.3
     Loss severity 0.1
-40.8
  18.8
     Prepayment rate 6.5
-15.8
  9.2
 23
 Market comparable pricing Comparability adjustment (53.3)-(20.0)  (43.2)
Loans410
(5)Discounted cash flow Discount rate 2.8
-7.3
  4.1
     Prepayment rate 8.5
-100.0
  92.4
     Loss severity 0.0
-31.9
  5.8
Mortgage servicing rights (residential)13,338
 Discounted cash flow Cost to service per loan (6) $79
-584
  145
     Discount rate 6.5
-12.0
% 6.7
     Prepayment rate (7) 10.0
-20.5
  10.8
Net derivative assets and (liabilities):            
Interest rate contracts89
 Discounted cash flow Default rate 0.0
-5.0
  1.7
     Loss severity 50.0
-50.0
  50.0
     Prepayment rate 2.8
-12.5
  10.1
Interest rate contracts: derivative loan
commitments
25
 Discounted cash flow Fall-out factor 1.0
-99.0
  17.8
     Initial-value servicing (38.0)-98.2
bps 27.9
Equity contracts105
 Discounted cash flow Conversion factor (9.8)-0.0
% (7.8)
     Weighted average life 0.3
-2.3
yrs 1.4
 (696) Option model Correlation factor (77.0)-98.0
% 29.5
     Volatility factor 5.0
-100.0
  19.2
Credit contracts(3) Market comparable pricing Comparability adjustment (25.8)-15.7
  (0.8)
 56
 Option model Credit spread 0.0
-12.2
  1.2
     Loss severity 12.0
-60.0
  48.8
Other assets: nonmarketable equity investments10
 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 5.0
-10.3
  9.7
     Volatility Factor 0.5
-1.3
  0.8
 4,463
 Market comparable pricing Comparability adjustment (19.1)-(3.3)  (14.6)
             
Insignificant Level 3 assets, net of liabilities534
(8)          
Total level 3 assets, net of liabilities$22,104
(9)          
(1)Weighted averages are calculated using outstanding unpaid principal balance for cash instruments, such as loans and securities, and notional amounts for derivative instruments.
(2)
Includes $1.0 billion of collateralized debt obligations.
(3)Securities backed by specified sources of current and future receivables generated from foreign originators.
(4)A significant portion of the balance consists of investments in asset-backed securities that are revolving in nature, for which the timing of advances and repayments of principal are uncertain.
(5)Consists of reverse mortgage loans.
(6)
The high end of the range of inputs is for servicing modified loans. For non-modified loans the range is $79 - $282.
(7)Includes a blend of prepayment speeds and expected defaults. Prepayment speeds are influenced by mortgage interest rates as well as our estimation of drivers of borrower behavior.
(8)Represents the aggregate amount of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured(1)The high end of the range of inputs is for servicing modified loans. For non-modified loans the range is $52 - $196 at March 31, 2022, and $54 - $199 at fair value on a recurring basis that are individually and in the aggregate insignificant. The amount includes corporate debt securities, mortgage-backed securities, other trading assets, other liabilities and certain net derivative assets and liabilities, such as commodity contracts, foreign exchange contracts, and other derivative contracts.
(9)
Consists of total Level 3 assets of $24.1 billion and total Level 3 liabilities of $2.0 billion, before netting of derivative balances.

Note 13: Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities (continued)

Table 13.13:Valuation Techniques – Recurring Basis – December 31, 20162021.

(2)Includes a blend of prepayment speeds and expected defaults. Prepayment speeds are influenced by mortgage interest rates as well as our estimation of drivers of borrower behavior.
($ in millions, except cost to service amounts)Fair Value Level 3
 Valuation Technique(s) Significant Unobservable Input Range of Inputs    
Weighted
Average (1)

December 31, 2016            
Trading and available-for-sale securities:            
Securities of U.S. states and
political subdivisions:
            
Government, healthcare and
other revenue bonds
$906
 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 1.1
-5.6
% 2.0
Other municipal bonds29
 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 3.7
-4.9
  4.5
     Weighted average life 3.6
-3.6
yrs 3.6
 208
 Vendor priced         
Collateralized loan and other debt
obligations (2)
309
 Market comparable pricing Comparability adjustment (15.5)-20.3
% 2.9
 879
 Vendor priced         
Asset-backed securities:            
Diversified payment rights (3)443
 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 1.9
-4.8
  3.3
Other commercial and consumer492
(4)Discounted cash flow Discount rate 3.0
-4.6
  3.9
     Weighted average life 0.8
-4.2
yrs 2.9
 27
 Vendor priced         
Mortgages held for sale (residential)955
 Discounted cash flow Default rate 0.5
-7.9
% 1.9
     Discount rate 1.1
-6.9
  5.1
     Loss severity 0.1
-42.5
  26.9
     Prepayment rate 6.3
-17.1
  10.0
 30
 Market comparable pricing Comparability adjustment (53.3)-0.0
  (37.8)
Loans758
(5)Discounted cash flow Discount rate 0.0
-3.9
  0.6
     Prepayment rate 0.4
-100.0
  83.7
     Utilization rate 0.0
-0.8
  0.1
Mortgage servicing rights (residential)12,959
 Discounted cash flow Cost to service per loan (6) $79
-598
  155
     Discount rate 6.5
-18.4
% 6.8
     Prepayment rate (7) 9.4
-20.6
  10.3
Net derivative assets and (liabilities):            
Interest rate contracts127
 Discounted cash flow Default rate 0.1
-6.8
  2.1
     Loss severity 50.0
-50.0
  50.0
     Prepayment rate 2.8
-12.5
  9.6
Interest rate contracts: derivative loan
commitments
(6) Discounted cash flow Fall-out factor 1.0
-99.0
  15.0
     Initial-value servicing (23.0)-131.2
bps 56.8
Equity contracts79
 Discounted cash flow Conversion factor (10.6)-0.0
% (7.9)
     Weighted average life��1.0
-3.0
yrs 2.0
 (346) Option model Correlation factor (65.0)-98.5
% 39.9
     Volatility factor 6.5
-100.0
  20.7
Credit contracts(28) Market comparable pricing Comparability adjustment (27.7)-21.3
  0.02
 105
 Option model Credit spread 0.0
-11.6
  1.2
     Loss severity 12.0
-60.0
  50.4
Other assets: nonmarketable equity investments21
 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 5.0
-10.3
  8.7
     Volatility Factor 0.3
-2.4
  1.1
 3,238
 Market comparable pricing Comparability adjustment (22.1)-(5.5)  (16.4)
             
Insignificant Level 3 assets, net of liabilities570
(8)          
Total level 3 assets, net of liabilities$21,755
(9)          
(1)Weighted averages are calculated using outstanding unpaid principal balance for cash instruments, such as loans and securities, and notional amounts for derivative instruments.
(2)
Includes $847 million of collateralized debt obligations.
(3)Securities backed by specified sources of current and future receivables generated from foreign originators.
(4)A significant portion of the balance consists of investments in asset-backed securities that are revolving in nature, for which the timing of advances and repayments of principal are uncertain.
(5)Consists of reverse mortgage loans.
(6)
The high end of the range of inputs is for servicing modified loans. For non-modified loans the range is $79 - $293.
(7)Includes a blend of prepayment speeds and expected defaults. Prepayment speeds are influenced by mortgage interest rates as well as our estimation of drivers of borrower behavior.
(8)Represents the aggregate amount of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis that are individually and in the aggregate insignificant. The amount includes corporate debt securities, mortgage-backed securities, other trading assets, other liabilities and certain net derivative assets and liabilities, such as commodity contracts, foreign exchange contracts, and other derivative contracts.
(9)
Consists of total Level 3 assets of $23.5 billion and total Level 3 liabilities of $1.7 billion, before netting of derivative balances.


(3)Consists of total Level 3 assets of $11.1 billion and $19.6 billion and total Level 3 liabilities of $2.6 billion and $2.6 billion, before netting of derivative balances, at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.
TheFor additional information on the valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used forin the valuation of our Level 3 assets and liabilities, as presentedincluding how changes in the previous tables, are described as follows: 
Discounted cash flow – Discounted cash flow valuation techniques generally consist of developing an estimate of future cash flows that are expected to occur over the life of an instrument and then discounting those cash flows at a rate of return that results in thethese inputs affect fair value amount.
Market comparable pricing – Market comparable pricing valuation techniques are used to determine the fair value of certain instruments by incorporating known inputs, such as recent transaction prices, pending transactions, or prices of other similar investments that require significant adjustment to reflect differences in instrument characteristics.
Option model – Option model valuation techniques are generally used for instruments in which the holder has a contingent right or obligation based on the occurrence of a future event, such as the price of a referenced asset going above or below a predetermined strike price. Option models estimate the likelihood of the specified event occurring by incorporating assumptions such as volatility estimates, price of the underlying instrument and expected rate of return.
Vendor-priced – Prices obtained from third party pricing vendors or brokers that are used to record the fair value of the asset or liability for which the related valuation technique and significant unobservable inputs are not provided.
Significant unobservable inputs presented in the previous tables are those we consider significant to the fair value of the Level 3 asset or liability. We consider unobservable inputs to be significant if by their exclusion the fair value of the Level 3 asset or liability would be impacted by a predetermined percentage change. We also consider qualitative factors, such as nature of the instrument, type of valuation technique used, and the significance of the unobservable inputs relative to other inputs used within the valuation. Following is a description of the significant unobservable inputs provided in the table. 
Comparability adjustment – is an adjustment made to observed market data, such as a transaction price in order to reflect dissimilarities in underlying collateral, issuer, rating, or other factors used within a market valuation approach, expressed as a percentage of an observed price.
Conversion Factor – is the risk-adjusted rate in which a particular instrument may be exchanged for another instrument upon settlement, expressed as a percentage change from a specified rate.
Correlation factor – is the likelihood of one instrument changing in price relative to another based on an established relationship expressed as a percentage of relative change in price over a period over time.

Cost to service – is the expected cost per loan of servicing a portfolio of loans, which includes estimates for unreimbursed expenses (including delinquency and foreclosure costs) that may occur as a result of servicing such loan portfolios.
Credit spread – is the portion of the interest rate in excess of a benchmark interest rate, such as Overnight Index Swap (OIS), LIBOR or U.S. Treasury rates, that when applied to an investment captures changes in the obligor’s creditworthiness.
Default rate – is an estimate of the likelihood of not collecting contractual amounts owed expressed as a constant default rate (CDR).
Discount rate – is a rate of return used to calculate the present value of the future expected cash flow to arrive at the fair value of an instrument. The discount rate consists of a benchmark rate component and a risk premium component. The benchmark rate component, for example, OIS, LIBOR or U.S. Treasury rates, is generally observable within the market and is necessary to appropriately reflect the time value of money. The risk premium component reflects the amount of compensation market participants require due to the uncertainty inherent in the instruments’ cash flows resulting from risks such as credit and liquidity.
Fall-out factor – is the expected percentage of loans associated with our interest rate lock commitment portfolio that are likely of not funding.
Initial-value servicing – is the estimated value of the underlying loan, including the value attributable to the embedded servicing right, expressed in basis points of outstanding unpaid principal balance.
Loss severity – is the estimated percentage of contractual cash flows lost in the event of a default.
Prepayment rate – is the estimated rate at which forecasted prepayments of principal of the related loan or debt instrument are expected to occur, expressed as a constant prepayment rate (CPR).
Utilization rate – is the estimated rate in which incremental portions of existing reverse mortgage credit lines are expected to be drawn by borrowers, expressed as an annualized rate.
Volatility factor – is the extent of change in price an item is estimated to fluctuate over a specified period of time expressed as a percentage of relative change in price over a period over time.
Weighted average life – is the weighted average number of years an investment is expected to remain outstanding based on its expected cash flows reflecting the estimated date the issuer will call or extend the maturity of the instrument or otherwise reflecting an estimate of the timing of an instrument’s cash flows whose timing is not contractually fixed.

see Note 13: Fair17 (Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities (continued)Liabilities) in our 2021 Form 10-K).


Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
118Wells Fargo & Company



We may be required, from time to time, to measure certain assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with GAAP. These adjustments to fair value usually result from application of
LOCOM accounting, or write-downs of individual assets. assets, or application of the measurement alternative for nonmarketable equity securities.
Table 13.1415.4 provides the fair value hierarchy and carrying amountfair value at the date of the nonrecurring fair value adjustment for all assets that were still held as of September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2016,2021, and for which a nonrecurring fair value adjustment was recorded during the periods presented.quarter ended March 31, 2022, and year ended December 31, 2021.

Table 13.14:15.4:Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in millions)Level 2 Level 3 Total Level 2 Level 3 Total 
Loans held for sale (1)$3,125 1,422 4,547 3,911 1,407 5,318 
Loans:
Commercial29  29 476 — 476 
Consumer392  392 380 — 380 
Total loans421  421 856 — 856 
Mortgage servicing rights (commercial) 75 75 — 567 567 
Nonmarketable equity securities1,275 1,048 2,323 6,262 765 7,027 
Other assets1,746 102 1,848 1,373 175 1,548 
Total assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis$6,567 2,647 9,214 12,402 2,914 15,316 
 September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
(in millions)Level 1
 Level 2
 Level 3
 Total
 Level 1
 Level 2
 Level 3
 Total
Mortgages held for sale (LOCOM) (1)$
 1,652
 1,340
 2,992
 
 2,312
 1,350
 3,662
Loans held for sale
 18
 
 18
 
 8
 
 8
Loans:                 
Commercial
 386
 
 386
 
 464
 
 464
Consumer
 460
 10
 470
 
 822
 7
 829
Total loans (2)
 846
 10
 856
 
 1,286
 7
 1,293
Other assets - excluding nonmarketable equity investments at NAV (3)
 198
 146
 344
 
 233
 412
 645
Total included in the fair value hierarchy$
 2,714
 1,496
 4,210
 
 3,839
 1,769
 5,608
Other assets - nonmarketable equity investments at NAV (4)

 

 

 5
 

 

 

 13
Total assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis

 

 

 $4,215
 

 

 

 5,621
(1)Consists of commercial mortgages and residential real estate 1-4 family first mortgage loans.
(2)Represents the carrying value of loans for which nonrecurring adjustments are based on the appraised value of the collateral.
(3)Includes the fair value of foreclosed real estate, other collateral owned, operating lease assets and nonmarketable equity investments.
(4)Consists of certain nonmarketable equity investments that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis using NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient and are excluded from the fair value hierarchy.

(1)Predominantly consists of commercial mortgages and residential mortgage – first lien loans.
Table 13.1515.5 presents the increase (decrease) in value ofgains (losses) on certain assets held at the end of the respective reporting periods presented for which a nonrecurring fair value adjustment was recognized in earnings during the periods presented.respective periods. 
Table 13.15:Change in Value of15.5:Gains (Losses) on Assets with Nonrecurring Fair Value Adjustment
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Loans held for sale$(59)25 
Loans:
Commercial(12)(130)
Consumer(206)(47)
Total loans(218)(177)
Mortgage servicing rights (commercial)4 — 
Nonmarketable equity securities (1)295 210 
Other assets (2)(52)(19)
Total$(30)39 
 Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
Mortgages held for sale (LOCOM)$23
 26
Loans held for sale(1) (21)
Loans:    
Commercial(286) (736)
Consumer(371) (578)
Total loans (1)
(657) (1,314)
Other assets (2)
(179) (339)
Total$(814) (1,648)
(1)Represents write-downs of loans based on the appraised value of the collateral.
(2)Includes the losses on foreclosed real estate and other collateral owned that were measured at fair value subsequent to their initial classification as foreclosed assets. Also includes impairment losses on nonmarketable equity investments. 
(1)Includes impairment of nonmarketable equity securities and observable price changes related to nonmarketable equity securities accounted for under the measurement alternative.

(2)Includes impairment of operating lease ROU assets, valuation losses on foreclosed real estate and other collateral owned, and impairment of private equity and venture capital investments in consolidated portfolio companies.
Table 13.1615.6 provides quantitative information about the valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of substantially all of our Level 3 assets that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis and determined using an internal model. The table is limited to financial instruments that had nonrecurring fair value adjustments during the periods presented.
We have excluded from Weighted averages of inputs are calculated using outstanding unpaid principal balance for cash instruments, such as loans, and carrying value prior to the table valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs for certain classes of Level 3
assets measured using an internal model that we consider, both individually and in the aggregate, insignificant relative to our overall Level 3 nonrecurring measurements. We made this determination based upon an evaluation of each class that considered the magnitude of the positions, nature of the unobservable inputs and potential for significant changes in fair value due to changesmeasurement for nonmarketable equity securities and private equity and venture capital investments in those inputs.consolidated portfolio companies.
Table 13.16:Valuation Techniques – Nonrecurring Basis
($ in millions)
Fair Value
Level 3

 
Valuation Technique(s) (1)
 
Significant
Unobservable Inputs (1)
 Range of inputs 
Weighted
Average (2)

September 30, 2017           
Residential mortgages held for sale (LOCOM)$1,340
(3)Discounted cash flow Default rate(4)0.110.3% 2.6%
     Discount rate 1.58.5
 3.8
     Loss severity 0.857.6
 2.6
     Prepayment rate(5)5.3100.0
 49.8
Other assets: nonmarketable equity investments34
 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 5.010.5
 9.4
Insignificant level 3 assets122
          
Total$1,496
          
December 31, 2016           
Residential mortgages held for sale (LOCOM)$1,350
(3)Discounted cash flow Default rate(4)0.24.3% 1.9%
     Discount rate 1.58.5
 3.8
     Loss severity 0.750.1
 2.4
     Prepayment rate(5)3.0100.0
 50.7
Other assets: nonmarketable equity investments220
 Discounted cash flow Discount rate 4.79.3
 7.3
Insignificant level 3 assets199
          
Total$1,769
          
(1)Refer to the narrative following Table 13.13 for a definition of the valuation technique(s) and significant unobservable inputs.Wells Fargo & Company119
(2)For residential MHFS, weighted averages are calculated using the outstanding unpaid principal balance of the loans.
(3)
Consists of approximately $1.3 billion of government insured/guaranteed loans purchased from GNMA-guaranteed mortgage securitizations at both September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, and $30 million and $33 million of other mortgage loans that are not government insured/guaranteed at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
(4)Applies only to non-government insured/guaranteed loans.
(5)Includes the impact on prepayment rate of expected defaults for government insured/guaranteed loans, which impact the frequency and timing of early resolution of loans.



Alternative Investments
We hold certain nonmarketable equity investments for which we use NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient for fair value measurements, including estimated fair values for investments accounted for under the cost method. The investments consist of private equity funds that invest in equity and debt securities issued by private and publicly-held companies. The fair values of these investments and related unfunded commitments totaled $27 million and $25 million, respectively, at September 30, 2017, and $48 million and $37 million, respectively, at December 31, 2016. The investments do not allow redemptions. We receive distributions as the underlying assets of the funds liquidate, which we expect to occur through 2025.

Note 13:15: Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities (continued)(continued)

Table 15.6:Valuation Techniques – Nonrecurring Basis
($ in millions)Fair Value
Level 3
Valuation
Technique (1)
Significant
Unobservable Input (1)
Range of Inputs
Positive (Negative)
Weighted
Average
March 31, 2022
Loans held for sale (2)$1,422 Discounted cash flowDefault rate(3)0.2 -83.0 %23.1 
Discount rate0.6 -12.73.6 
Loss severity0.3 -42.94.1 
Prepayment rate(4)4.1 -100.036.3 
Mortgage servicing rights (commercial)75 Discounted cash flowCost to service per loan$3,775 -3,7753,775 
Discount rate5.2 -5.2 %5.2 
Prepayment rate0.0 -20.66.7 
Nonmarketable equity securities916 Market comparable pricingComparability adjustment(82.0)-(8.0)(21.0)
129 Market comparable pricingMultiples1.1x-4.0x2.6x
Other assets (5)102 Market comparable pricingMultiples8.0 -8.08.0 
Insignificant Level 3 assets3 
Total$2,647 
December 31, 2021
Loans held for sale (2)$1,407 Discounted cash flowDefault rate(3)0.2 -78.3 %25.6 
Discount rate0.6 -12.03.3 
Loss severity0.4 -45.64.8 
Prepayment rate(4)5.4 -100.038.9 
Mortgage servicing rights (commercial)567 Discounted cash flowCost to service per loan$150 -3,3812,771 
Discount rate4.0 -4.5 %4.0 
Prepayment rate0.0 -20.65.5 
Nonmarketable equity securities745 Market comparable pricingComparability adjustment(100.0)-(33.0)(59.0)
15 Market comparable pricingMultiples2.0x-3.3x2.8x
Discounted cash flowDiscount rate10.5 -10.5 %10.5 
Other assets175 Discounted cash flowDiscount rate0.2 -4.42.9 
Total$2,914 
(1)See Note 17 (Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities) in our 2021 Form 10-K for additional information on the valuation technique and significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of Level 3 assets.
(2)Consists of approximately $1.2 billion of government insured/guaranteed loans purchased from GNMA-guaranteed mortgage securitizations at both March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively, and approximately $200 million of other mortgage loans that are not government insured/guaranteed at both March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021.
(3)Applies only to non-government insured/guaranteed loans.
(4)Includes the impact on prepayment rate of expected defaults for government insured/guaranteed loans, which impact the frequency and timing of early resolution of loans.
(5)Represents private equity and venture capital investments in consolidated portfolio companies.

Fair Value Option
The fair value option is an irrevocable election, generally only permitted upon initial recognition of financial assets or liabilities, to measure eligible financial instruments at fair value with changes in fair value reflected in earnings. We may elect the fair value option to align the measurement model with how the financial assets or liabilities are managed or to reduce complexity or accounting asymmetry. Following is a discussion of the portfolios for which we elected the fair value option. For moreadditional information, including the basis for our fair value
option elections, see Note 17 (Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities) to Financial Statements in our 20162021 Form 10-K.

Table 13.1715.7 reflects differences between the fair value carrying amount of the assets for which we have elected the fair value option and the contractual aggregate unpaid principal amount at maturity.

Table 13.17:Fair Value Option
  September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
(in millions)
Fair value
carrying
amount

 
Aggregate
unpaid
principal

 
Fair value
carrying
amount
less
aggregate
unpaid
principal

 
Fair value
carrying
amount

 
Aggregate
unpaid
principal

 
Fair value
carrying
amount
less
aggregate
unpaid
principal

Trading assets – loans:           
     Total loans$1,182
 1,231
 (49) 1,332
 1,418
 (86)
     Nonaccrual loans65
 84
 (19) 100
 115
 (15)
Mortgages held for sale:           
Total loans16,484
 16,087
 397
 22,042
 21,961
 81
Nonaccrual loans120
 159
 (39) 136
 182
 (46)
Loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing13
 16
 (3) 12
 16
 (4)
Loans held for sale:           
Total loans
 6
 (6) 
 6
 (6)
Nonaccrual loans
 6
 (6) 
 6
 (6)
Loans:           
Total loans410
 437
 (27) 758
 775
 (17)
Nonaccrual loans267
 293
 (26) 297
 318
 (21)
Other assets (1)4,523
 N/A
 N/A
 3,275
 N/A
 N/A
(1)Consists of nonmarketable equity investments carried at fair value. See Note 6 (Other Assets) for more information.


The assets accounted Nonaccrual loans and loans 90 days or more past due and still accruing included in LHFS for underwhich we have elected the fair value option are initially measuredwere insignificant at fair value. GainsMarch 31, 2022, and losses from initial measurement and subsequent changes in fair value are recognized in earnings. December 31, 2021.

Table 15.7:Fair Value Option
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in millions)Fair value carrying amountAggregate unpaid principalFair value carrying amount less aggregate unpaid principalFair value carrying amountAggregate unpaid principalFair value carrying amount less aggregate
unpaid
principal
Loans held for sale$13,155 13,471 (316)15,895 15,750 145 
The changes in fair value related to initial
measurement and subsequent changes in fair value included in earnings for these assets measured atLHFS accounted for under the fair value are shownoption were $(357) million and $363 million for the quarters ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Substantially all of these amounts were included in Table 13.18 bythe mortgage banking noninterest income line of the consolidated statement line item.
Table 13.18:Fair Value Option – Changes in Fair Value Included in Earnings
  2017  2016 
(in millions)Mortgage banking noninterest income
 
Net gains
(losses)
from
trading
activities

 
Other
noninterest
income

 
Mortgage
banking
noninterest
income

 
Net gains
(losses)
from
trading
activities

 
Other
noninterest
income

Quarter ended September 30,    
   
   
   
   
Trading assets - loans$
 6
 
 
 21
 1
Mortgages held for sale400
 
 
 563
 
 
Loans
 
 
 
 
 (25)
Other assets
 
 522
 
 
 383
Other interests held (1)
 (1) 
 
 (3) 
Nine months ended September 30,           
Trading assets – loans$
 42
 1
 
 47
 2
Mortgages held for sale967
 
 
 1,739
 
 
Loans
 
 
 
 
 (29)
Other assets
 
 1,233
 
 
 149
Other interests held (1)
 (5) 
 
 (4) 
(1)Includes retained interests in securitizations.

of income. For performing loans, instrument-specific credit risk gains or losses were derived principally by determining the change in fair value of the loans due to changes in the observable or implied credit spread. Credit spread is the market yield on the loans less the relevant risk-free benchmark interest rate. For
nonperforming loans, we attribute all changes in fair value to instrument-specific credit risk. Table 13.19 shows the estimated gains Gains
and losses from earnings attributable to instrument-specific credit risk related to assets accounted for under the fair value option.option for the quarters ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, were insignificant.
Table 13.19:Fair Value Option – Gains/Losses Attributable to Instrument-Specific Credit Risk
  Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Gains (losses) attributable to instrument-specific credit risk:  
   
    
Trading assets – loans$6
 21
 42
 47
Mortgages held for sale(4) 1
 (9) (4)
Total$2
 22
 33
 43

120Wells Fargo & Company



Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Table 13.20 is15.8 presents a summary of fair value estimates for financial instruments excluding financial instruments recordedthat are not carried at fair value on a recurring basis,basis. Some financial instruments are excluded from the scope of this table, such as they are included within Table 13.2 in this Note. The carrying amounts in the following table are recorded on the balance sheet under the indicated captions, except forcertain insurance contracts, certain nonmarketable equity investments, which are included in other assets.
We have not includedsecurities, and leases. This table also excludes assets and liabilities that are not financial instruments in our disclosure, such as the value of the long-term relationships with our deposit, credit card and trust customers, amortized MSRs, premises and equipment, goodwill and other intangibles, deferred taxes and other liabilities. The total of the fair value calculations presented does not represent, and should not be construed to represent, the underlying value of the Company.
taxes.
Note 13: Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities (continued)

Table 13.20:Fair Value Estimates for Financial Instruments
    
 Estimated fair value 
(in millions)Carrying amount
 Level 1
 Level 2
 Level 3
 Total
September 30, 2017         
Financial assets         
Cash and due from banks (1)$19,206
 19,206
 
 
 19,206
Federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments (1)273,105
 206,073
 66,963
 69
 273,105
Held-to-maturity securities142,423
 45,282
 96,627
 909
 142,818
Mortgages held for sale (2)3,525
 
 2,189
 1,340
 3,529
Loans held for sale157
 
 157
 
 157
Loans, net (3)921,420
 
 54,106
 881,812
 935,918
Nonmarketable equity investments (cost method)         
Excluding investments at NAV7,642
 
 23
 8,084
 8,107
Total financial assets included in the fair value hierarchy1,367,478
 270,561
 220,065
 892,214
 1,382,840
Investments at NAV (4)25
       27
Total financial assets$1,367,503









 1,382,867
Financial liabilities         
Deposits$1,306,706
 
 1,285,239
 21,455
 1,306,694
Short-term borrowings (1)93,811
 
 93,811
 
 93,811
Long-term debt (5)238,854
 
 240,846
 2,306
 243,152
Total financial liabilities$1,639,371



1,619,896

23,761
 1,643,657
December 31, 2016         
Financial assets         
Cash and due from banks (1)$20,729
 20,729
 
 
 20,729
Federal funds sold, securities purchased under resale agreements and other short-term investments (1) (6)266,038
 207,003
 58,953
 82
 266,038
Held-to-maturity securities99,583
 45,079
 51,706
 2,370
 99,155
Mortgages held for sale (2)4,267
 
 2,927
 1,350
 4,277
Loans held for sale80
 
 81
 
 81
Loans, net (3)936,358
 
 60,245
 887,589
 947,834
Nonmarketable equity investments (cost method)         
Excluding investments at NAV8,362
 
 18
 8,924
 8,942
Total financial assets included in the fair value hierarchy1,335,417
 272,811
 173,930
 900,315
 1,347,056
Investments at NAV (4)35









 48
Total financial assets$1,335,452









 1,347,104
Financial liabilities         
Deposits$1,306,079
 
 1,282,158
 23,995
 1,306,153
Short-term borrowings (1)96,781
 
 96,781
 
 96,781
Long-term debt (5)255,070
 
 245,704
 10,075
 255,779
Total financial liabilities$1,657,930



1,624,643

34,070
 1,658,713
(1)Amounts consist of financial instruments for which carrying value approximates fair value.
(2)Excludes MHFS for which we elected the fair value option.
(3)
Excludes loans for which the fair value option was elected and also excludes lease financing with a carrying amount of $19.2 billion and $19.3 billion at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively.
(4)Consists of certain nonmarketable equity investments for which estimated fair values are determined using NAV per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient and are excluded from the fair value hierarchy.
(5)
Excludes capital lease obligations under capital leases of $39 million and $7 million at September 30, 2017, and December 31, 2016, respectively.
(6)The fair value classification level of certain interest-earning deposits have been reclassified to conform with the current period end classification.
Loan commitments, standby letters of credit and commercial and similar letters of credit are not included in the table above.
Table 15.8. A reasonable estimate of the fair value of these instruments is the carrying value of deferred fees plus the allowance for unfunded credit commitments, which totaled $1.1$1.3 billion and $1.2$1.4 billion at September 30, 2017,March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2016,2021, respectively.

The total of the fair value calculations presented does not represent, and should not be construed to represent, the underlying fair value of the Company.



Table 15.8:Fair Value Estimates for Financial Instruments
Estimated fair value 
(in millions)Carrying amountLevel 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
March 31, 2022
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks (1)$27,454 27,454   27,454 
Interest-earning deposits with banks (1)174,441 174,296 145  174,441 
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements (1)67,764  67,764  67,764 
Held-to-maturity debt securities280,808 15,551 246,325 2,765 264,641 
Loans held for sale6,669  5,097 1,656 6,753 
Loans, net (2)885,950  62,483 816,122 878,605 
Nonmarketable equity securities (cost method)3,584   3,648 3,648 
Total financial assets$1,446,670 217,301 381,814 824,191 1,423,306 
Financial liabilities
Deposits (3)$26,648  11,542 14,659 26,201 
Short-term borrowings33,433  33,433  33,433 
Long-term debt (4)153,243  156,237 1,221 157,458 
Total financial liabilities$213,324  201,212 15,880 217,092 
December 31, 2021
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks (1)$24,616 24,616 — — 24,616 
Interest-earning deposits with banks (1)209,614 209,452 162 — 209,614 
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements (1)66,223 — 66,223 — 66,223 
Held-to-maturity debt securities272,022 16,825 252,717 2,844 272,386 
Loans held for sale7,722 — 6,300 1,629 7,929 
Loans, net (2)868,278 — 63,404 820,559 883,963 
Nonmarketable equity securities (cost method)3,584 — — 3,646 3,646 
Total financial assets$1,452,059 250,893 388,806 828,678 1,468,377 
Financial liabilities
Deposits (3)$30,012 — 14,401 15,601 30,002 
Short-term borrowings34,409 — 34,409 — 34,409 
Long-term debt (4)160,660 — 166,682 1,402 168,084 
Total financial liabilities$225,081 — 215,492 17,003 232,495 
(1)Amounts consist of financial instruments for which carrying value approximates fair value.
(2)Excludes lease financing with a carrying amount of $14.2 billion and $14.5 billion at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.
(3)Excludes deposit liabilities with no defined or contractual maturity of $1.5 trillion at both March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021.
(4)Excludes obligations under finance leases of $25 million and $26 million at March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively.
Wells Fargo & Company121


Note 14:16:  Preferred Stock
We are authorized to issue 20 million shares of preferred stock and 4 million shares of preference stock, both without par value. Preferred shares outstanding rank senior to common shares both as to dividends and liquidation preference but have no general voting rights. We have not issued any preference shares under
this authorization. If issued, preference shares would be limited to one1 vote per share. Our total authorized, issued and outstandingTable 16.1 summarizes information about our preferred stock is presented in the following two tables along withincluding the Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock.


Table 16.1:Preferred Stock
Table 14.1:
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(in millions, except shares)Shares
 authorized
and designated
Shares issued and outstandingLiquidation preference valueCarrying
value 
Shares
 authorized
and designated
Shares
issued and outstanding
Liquidation preference valueCarrying value
DEP Shares
Dividend Equalization Preferred Shares (DEP)97,000 96,546 $  97,000 96,546 $— — 
Series L (1)
7.50% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Class A Preferred Stock4,025,000 3,967,986 3,968 3,200 4,025,000 3,967,995 3,968 3,200 
Series Q
5.85% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock69,000 69,000 1,725 1,725 69,000 69,000 1,725 1,725 
Series R
6.625% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock34,500 33,600 840 840 34,500 33,600 840 840 
Series S
5.90% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock80,000 80,000 2,000 2,000 80,000 80,000 2,000 2,000 
Series U
5.875% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock80,000 80,000 2,000 2,000 80,000 80,000 2,000 2,000 
Series Y
5.625% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock27,600 27,600 690 690 27,600 27,600 690 690 
Series Z
4.75% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock80,500 80,500 2,013 2,013 80,500 80,500 2,013 2,013 
Series AA
4.70% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock46,800 46,800 1,170 1,170 46,800 46,800 1,170 1,170 
Series BB
3.90% Fixed-Reset Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock140,400 140,400 3,510 3,510 140,400 140,400 3,510 3,510 
Series CC
4.375% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock46,000 42,000 1,050 1,050 46,000 42,000 1,050 1,050 
Series DD
4.25% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock50,000 50,000 1,250 1,250 50,000 50,000 1,250 1,250 
ESOP (2)
Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock609,434 609,434 609 609 609,434 609,434 609 609 
Total5,386,234 5,323,866 $20,825 20,057 5,386,234 5,323,875 $20,825 20,057 
(1)Preferred Stock, SharesSeries L, may be converted at any time, at the option of the holder, into 6.3814 shares of our common stock, plus cash in lieu of fractional shares, subject to anti-dilution adjustments.
(2)See the “ESOP Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock” section in this Note for additional information about the liquidation preference for the ESOP Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock.
  September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
  
Liquidation
preference
per share

 
Shares
authorized
and designated

 
Liquidation
preference
per share

 
Shares
authorized
and designated

DEP Shares  
   
   
   
Dividend Equalization Preferred Shares (DEP)$10
 97,000
 $10
 97,000
Series H       
Floating Class A Preferred Stock (1)
 
 20,000
 50,000
Series I       
Floating Class A Preferred Stock100,000
 25,010
 100,000
 25,010
Series J       
8.00% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock1,000
 2,300,000
 1,000
 2,300,000
Series K       
7.98% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock1,000
 3,500,000
 1,000
 3,500,000
Series L       
7.50% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Class A Preferred Stock1,000
 4,025,000
 1,000
 4,025,000
Series N       
5.20% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock25,000
 30,000
 25,000
 30,000
Series O       
5.125% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock25,000
 27,600
 25,000
 27,600
Series P       
5.25% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock25,000
 26,400
 25,000
 26,400
Series Q       
5.85% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock25,000
 69,000
 25,000
 69,000
Series R       
6.625% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock25,000
 34,500
 25,000
 34,500
Series S       
5.90% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock25,000
 80,000
 25,000
 80,000
Series T       
6.00% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock25,000
 32,200
 25,000
 32,200
Series U       
5.875% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock25,000
 80,000
 25,000
 80,000
Series V       
6.00% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock25,000
 40,000
 25,000
 40,000
Series W       
5.70% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock25,000
 40,000
 25,000
 40,000
Series X       
5.50% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock25,000
 46,000
 25,000
 46,000
Series Y       
5.625% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock25,000
 27,600
 
 
ESOP       
Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (2)
 1,774,652
 
 1,439,181
Total  12,254,962
   11,941,891
(1)122On January 26, 2017, we filed with the Delaware Secretary of State a Certificate Eliminating the Certificate of Designations with respect to the Series H preferred stock.
Wells Fargo & Company
(2)See the ESOP Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock section in this Note for additional information about the liquidation preference for the ESOP Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock.

Note 14: Preferred Stock (continued)

Table 14.2:Preferred Stock – Shares Issued and Carrying Value
  September 30, 2017  December 31, 2016 
(in millions, except shares)
Shares
issued and
outstanding

 
Liquidation preference
value

 
Carrying
value

 Discount
 
Shares
issued and
outstanding

 
Liquidation preference
value

 
Carrying
value

 Discount
DEP Shares  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Dividend Equalization Preferred Shares (DEP)96,546
 $
 
 
 96,546
 $
 
 
Series I (1)
               
Floating Class A Preferred Stock25,010
 2,501
 2,501
 
 25,010
 2,501
 2,501
 
Series J (1) 
               
8.00% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock2,150,375
 2,150
 1,995
 155
 2,150,375
 2,150
 1,995
 155
Series K (1) 
               
7.98% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock3,352,000
 3,352
 2,876
 476
 3,352,000
 3,352
 2,876
 476
Series L (1) 
               
7.50% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Convertible Class A Preferred Stock3,968,000
 3,968
 3,200
 768
 3,968,000
 3,968
 3,200
 768
Series N (1) 
               
5.20% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock30,000
 750
 750
 
 30,000
 750
 750
 
Series O (1) 
               
5.125% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock26,000
 650
 650
 
 26,000
 650
 650
 
Series P (1) 
               
5.25% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock25,000
 625
 625
 
 25,000
 625
 625
 
Series Q (1)
               
5.85% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock69,000
 1,725
 1,725
 
 69,000
 1,725
 1,725
 
Series R (1)
               
6.625% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock33,600
 840
 840
 
 33,600
 840
 840
 
Series S (1)
               
5.90% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock80,000
 2,000
 2,000
 
 80,000
 2,000
 2,000
 
Series T (1)
               
6.00% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock32,000
 800
 800
 
 32,000
 800
 800
 
Series U (1)
               
5.875% Fixed-to-Floating Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock80,000
 2,000
 2,000
 
 80,000
 2,000
 2,000
 
Series V (1)
               
6.00% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock40,000
 1,000
 1,000
 
 40,000
 1,000
 1,000
 
Series W (1)
               
5.70% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock40,000
 1,000
 1,000
 
 40,000
 1,000
 1,000
 
Series X (1)
               
5.50% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock46,000
 1,150
 1,150
 
 46,000
 1,150
 1,150
 
Series Y (1)
               
5.625% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock27,600
 690
 690
 
 
 
 
 
ESOP               
Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock1,774,652
 1,774
 1,774
 
 1,439,181
 1,439
 1,439
 
Total11,895,783
 $26,975
 25,576
 1,399
 11,532,712
 $25,950
 24,551
 1,399
(1)Preferred shares qualify as Tier 1 capital.

In April 2017, we issued 27.6 million Depositary Shares, each representing a 1/1000th interest in a share of Non-Cumulative Perpetual Class A Preferred Stock, Series Y, for an aggregate public offering price of $690 million.
See Note 7 (Securitizations and Variable Interest Entities) for additional information on our trust preferred securities.


ESOP CUMULATIVE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCKAll shares of our ESOP Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (ESOP Preferred Stock) were issued to a trustee acting on behalf of the Wells Fargo & Company 401(k) Plan (the 401(k) Plan). Dividends on the ESOP Preferred Stock are cumulative from the date of initial issuance and are payable quarterly at annual rates based upon the year of issuance. Each share of ESOP Preferred Stock released from the unallocated reserve of the 401(k) Plan is converted into shares of our common stock based on the stated
value of the ESOP Preferred Stock and the then current market price of our common stock. The ESOP Preferred Stock is also convertible at the option of the holder at any time, unless previously redeemed. We have the option to redeem the ESOP Preferred Stock at any time, in whole or in part, at a redemption price per share equal to the higher of (a) $1,000 per share plus accrued and unpaid dividends or (b) the fair market value, as defined in the Certificates of Designation for the ESOP Preferred Stock.

Table 14.3:16.2:ESOP Preferred Stock
Shares issued and outstandingCarrying value Adjustable dividend rate
(in millions, except shares)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Minimum Maximum 
ESOP Preferred Stock
$1,000 liquidation preference per share
2018189,225 189,225 $189 189 7.00 %8.00 %
2017135,135 135,135 135 135 7.00 8.00 
2016128,380 128,380 128 128 9.30 10.30 
201568,106 68,106 68 68 8.90 9.90 
201462,420 62,420 63 63 8.70 9.70 
201326,168 26,168 26 26 8.50 9.50 
Total ESOP Preferred Stock (1)609,434 609,434 $609 609 
Unearned ESOP shares (2)$(646)(646)
(1)At both March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, additional paid-in capital included $37 million related to ESOP preferred stock.
(2)We recorded a corresponding charge to unearned ESOP shares in connection with the issuance of the ESOP Preferred Stock. The unearned ESOP shares are reduced as shares of the ESOP Preferred Stock are committed to be released.
  Shares issued and outstanding  Carrying value  Adjustable dividend rate
(in millions, except shares)Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

 Sep 30,
2017

 Dec 31,
2016

 Minimum
 Maximum
ESOP Preferred Stock           
$1,000 liquidation preference per share           
2017491,758
 
 $492
 
 7.00% 8.00
2016322,826
 358,528
 323
 358
 9.30
 10.30
2015187,436
 200,820
 187
 201
 8.90
 9.90
2014237,151
 255,413
 237
 255
 8.70
 9.70
2013201,948
 222,558
 202
 223
 8.50
 9.50
2012128,634
 144,072
 129
 144
 10.00
 11.00
2011129,296
 149,301
 129
 149
 9.00
 10.00
201075,603
 90,775
 75
 91
 9.50
 10.50
2008
 17,714
 
 18
 10.50
 11.50
Total ESOP Preferred Stock (1)1,774,652
 1,439,181
 $1,774
 1,439
    
Unearned ESOP shares (2)    $(1,904) (1,565)    
(1)
At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, additional paid-in capital included $130 million and $126 million, respectively, related to ESOP preferred stock.
Wells Fargo & Company
123


(2)We recorded a corresponding charge to unearned ESOP shares in connection
Note 17: Revenue from Contracts with the issuance of the ESOP Preferred Stock. The unearned ESOP shares are reduced as shares of the ESOP Preferred Stock are committed to be released.Customers



Our revenue includes net interest income on financial instruments and noninterest income. Table 17.1 presents our revenue by operating segment. For additional description of our
operating segments, including additional financial information
and the underlying management accounting process, see
Note 22 (Operating Segments). For a description of our revenue from contracts with customers, see Note 20 (Revenue from Contracts with Customers) in our 2021 Form 10-K.
Table 17.1: Revenue by Operating Segment

(in millions)
Consumer Banking and LendingCommercial BankingCorporate and Investment BankingWealth and Investment ManagementCorporateReconciling
Items (1)
Consolidated
Company
Quarter ended March 31, 2022
Net interest income (2)$5,996 1,361 1,990 799 (818)(107)9,221 
Noninterest income:
Deposit-related fees845 328 293 7   1,473 
Lending-related fees (2)34 121 185 2   342 
Investment advisory and other asset-based fees (3) 2 12 2,476 8  2,498 
Commissions and brokerage services fees  83 454   537 
Investment banking fees(1)15 462  (29) 447 
Card fees:
Card interchange and network revenues (4)834 53 14 1   902 
Other card fees (2)127      127 
Total card fees961 53 14 1   1,029 
Mortgage banking (2)654  42 (3)  693 
Net gains (losses) from trading activities (2)  228 1 (11) 218 
Net gains from debt securities (2)    2  2 
Net gains (losses) from equity securities (2)(9)86 (5) 504  576 
Lease income (2) 179 2  146  327 
Other (2)83 182 164 20 186 (406)229 
Total noninterest income2,567 966 1,480 2,958 806 (406)8,371 
Total revenue$8,563 2,327 3,470 3,757 (12)(513)17,592 
Quarter ended March 31, 2021
Net interest income (2)$5,615 1,254 1,779 657 (390)(107)8,808 
Noninterest income:
Deposit-related fees661 317 266 — 1,255 
Lending-related fees (2)40 136 183 — — 361 
Investment advisory and other asset-based fees (3)— 22 2,306 423 — 2,756 
Commissions and brokerage services fees— — 81 555 — — 636 
Investment banking fees(6)13 611 (1)(49)— 568 
Card fees:
Card interchange and network revenues (4)778 45 10 — — 834 
Other card fees (2)114 — — — — 115 
Total card fees892 45 10 — 949 
Mortgage banking (2)1,259 — 70 (3)— — 1,326 
Net gains from trading activities (2)331 — 348 
Net gains from debt securities (2)— — — — 151 — 151 
Net gains from equity securities (2)34 13 75 — 270 — 392 
Lease income (2)— 174 — 140 — 315 
Other (2)158 122 175 14 469 (271)667 
Total noninterest income3,039 827 1,825 2,887 1,417 (271)9,724 
Total revenue$8,654 2,081 3,604 3,544 1,027 (378)18,532 
(1)Taxable-equivalent adjustments related to tax-exempt income on certain loans and debt securities are included in net interest income, while taxable-equivalent adjustments related to income tax credits for low-income housing and renewable energy investments are included in noninterest income, in each case with corresponding impacts to income tax expense (benefit). Adjustments are included in Corporate, Commercial Banking, and Corporate and Investment Banking and are eliminated to reconcile to the Company’s consolidated financial results.
(2)These revenues are related to financial assets and liabilities, including loans, leases, securities and derivatives, with additional details included in other footnotes to our financial statements.
(3)We earned trailing commissions of $271 million and $298 million for the quarters ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
(4)The cost of credit card rewards and rebates of $482 million and $310 million for the quarters ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, are presented net against the related revenues.

124Wells Fargo & Company


Note 15:18: Employee Benefits and Other Expenses
Pension and Postretirement Plans
We sponsor a frozen noncontributory qualified defined benefit retirement plan, called the Wells Fargo & Company Cash Balance Plan (Cash Balance Plan), which covers eligible employees of Wells Fargo. The Cash Balance Plan was frozen on July 1, 2009, and no new benefits accrue after that date. For additional information on our pension and postretirement plans, including plan assumptions, investment strategy and asset allocation, projected benefit payments, and valuation methodologies used for assets measured at fair value, see Note 1 (Summary of Significant Accounting Policies) and Note 21 (Employee Benefits and Other Expenses) in our 2021 Form 10-K.
We recognize settlement losses for our Cash Balance Plan based on an assessment of whether lump sum benefit payments will, in aggregate for the year, exceed the sum of its annual service and interest cost (threshold). Settlement losses of $47 million were recognized during first quarter 2022, representing the pro rata portion of the net loss in cumulative other comprehensive income based on the percentage reduction
in the Cash Balance Plan’s projected benefit obligation attributable to lump sum benefit payments during first quarter 2022. There were 0 settlement losses recognized during first quarter 2021. As a result of the settlement losses, we remeasured the Cash Balance Plan obligation and plan assets as of March 31, 2022, and used a discount rate of 3.65%. In first quarter 2022, the result of the settlement losses and remeasurement was:
an increase of $10 million in the Cash Balance Plan asset; and
an increase of $57 million in other comprehensive income (pre-tax).

Table 15.118.1 presents the components of net periodic benefit cost.




The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets and interest cost discount rate in determining net periodic benefit cost for first quarter 2022 were 5.00% and 2.47%, respectively. Service cost is reported in personnel expense and all other components of net periodic benefit cost are reported in other noninterest expense on the consolidated statement of income.

Table 15.1:18.1:Net Periodic Benefit Cost
20222021
Pension benefits Pension benefits 
(in millions)Qualified 
Non- 
qualified 
Other 
benefits 
Qualified 
Non- 
qualified 
Other 
benefits 
Quarter ended March 31,
Service cost$5   — — 
Interest cost67 2 2 71 
Expected return on plan assets(139) (5)(152)— (5)
Amortization of net actuarial loss (gain)33 3 (5)37 (5)
Amortization of prior service credit  (3)— — (2)
Settlement loss47 1  — — 
Net periodic benefit cost$13 6 (11)(40)(9)

Other Expenses
Regulatory Charges and Assessments expense, which is included in other noninterest expense, was $225 million in first quarter 2022, compared with $217 million in the same period a year ago, and primarily consisted of Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) deposit assessment expense.
  2017  2016 
  Pension benefits    
 Pension benefits    
(in millions)Qualified
 Non-qualified
 
Other
benefits

 Qualified
 Non-qualified
 
Other
benefits

Quarter ended September 30,       
Service cost$1
 
 
 
 
 
Interest cost103
 5
 7
 105
 6
 11
Expected return on plan assets(163) 
 (7) (152) 
 (8)
Amortization of net actuarial loss (gain)37
 3
 (3) 37
 3
 (1)
Amortization of prior service credit
 
 (2) 
 
 
Settlement loss6
 
 
 
 
 
Net periodic benefit cost (income)$(16) 8
 (5) (10) 9
 2
Nine months ended September 30,       
Service cost$4
 
 
 2
 
 
Interest cost309
 17
 21
 323
 19
 31
Expected return on plan assets(489) 
 (22) (435) 
 (23)
Amortization of net actuarial loss (gain)113
 9
 (8) 103
 9
 (3)
Amortization of prior service credit
 
 (7) 
 
 
Settlement loss7
 6
 
 4
 2
 
Net periodic benefit cost (income)$(56) 32
 (16) (3) 30
 5





Wells Fargo & Company125


Note 16:19:  Restructuring Charges
The Company began pursuing various initiatives to reduce expenses and create a more efficient and streamlined organization in third quarter 2020. Actions from these initiatives included (i) reorganizing and simplifying business processes and structures to improve internal operations and the customer experience, (ii) reducing headcount, (iii) optimizing third-party spending, including for our technology infrastructure, and (iv) rationalizing our branch and administrative locations, which may include consolidations and closures. Substantially all of the restructuring charges were personnel expenses related to severance costs associated with headcount reductions with
payments made over time in accordance with our severance plan, as well as payments for other employee benefit costs such as incentive compensation.
Restructuring charges are recorded as a component of noninterest expense on our consolidated statement of income. Changes in estimates represent adjustments to noninterest expense based on refinements to previously estimated amounts, which may reflect trends such as higher voluntary employee attrition, as well as changes in business activities.
Table 19.1 provides details on our restructuring charges.
Table 19.1:Accruals for Restructuring Charges
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Balance, beginning of period$565 1,214 
Restructuring charges 145 
Changes in estimates5 (132)
Payments and utilization(99)(173)
Balance, end of period$471 1,054 


126Wells Fargo & Company


Note 20: Earnings and Dividends Per Common Share
Table 16.120.1 shows earnings per common share and diluted earnings per common share and reconciles the numerator and denominator of both earnings per common share calculations.

Table 16.1:20.1:Earnings Per Common Share Calculations
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions, except per share amounts)20222021
Wells Fargo net income$3,671 4,636 
Less: Preferred stock dividends and other (1)278 380 
Wells Fargo net income applicable to common stock (numerator)$3,393 4,256 
Earnings per common share
Average common shares outstanding (denominator)3,831.1 4,141.3 
Per share$0.89 1.03 
Diluted earnings per common share
Average common shares outstanding3,831.1 4,141.3 
Add:Restricted share rights (2)37.8 29.7 
Diluted average common shares outstanding (denominator)3,868.9 4,171.0 
Per share$0.88 1.02 
(1)The quarter ended March 31, 2021, balance includes $44 million from the elimination of discounts or issuance costs associated with redemptions of preferred stock.
 Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions, except per share amounts)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Wells Fargo net income$4,596
 5,644
 $15,863
 16,664
Less: Preferred stock dividends and other411
 401
 1,218
 1,163
Wells Fargo net income applicable to common stock (numerator)$4,185
 5,243
 $14,645
 15,501
Earnings per common share           
Average common shares outstanding (denominator)4,948.6
 5,043.4
 4,982.1
 5,061.9
Per share$0.85
 1.04
 $2.94
 3.06
Diluted earnings per common share           
Average common shares outstanding4,948.6
 5,043.4
 4,982.1
 5,061.9
Add: Stock options15.8
 18.1
 18.1
 19.6
Restricted share rights22.4
 23.1
 24.1
 26.1
Warrants10.0
 10.0
 11.1
 10.6
Diluted average common shares outstanding (denominator)4,996.8
 5,094.6
 5,035.4
 5,118.2
Per share$0.84
 1.03
 $2.91
 3.03

(2)Calculated using the treasury stock method.
Table 16.220.2 presents the outstanding options to purchase shares of common stocksecurities that were anti-dilutive (the exercise
price was higher than the weighted-average market price), and therefore not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per common share.

Table 16.2:20.2:Outstanding Anti-Dilutive OptionsSecurities
Weighted-average shares
Quarter ended March 31,
(in millions)20222021
Convertible Preferred Stock, Series L (1)25.3 25.3 
Restricted share rights (2)0.1 0.3 
(1)    Calculated using the if-converted method.
(2)    Calculated using the treasury stock method.
Table 20.3 presents dividends declared per common share.
 Weighted-average shares 
 Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
(in millions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Options1.8
 2.6
 2.0
 3.4
Table 20.3:Dividends Declared Per Common Share

Note 17: Other Comprehensive Income (continued)


Quarter ended March 31,
20222021
Per common share$0.25 0.10 
Wells Fargo & Company127


Note 17:21: Other Comprehensive Income
Table 17.121.1 provides the components of other comprehensive income (OCI), reclassifications to net income by income statement line item, and the related tax effects.



Table 17.1:21.1:Summary of Other Comprehensive Income
Quarter ended March 31,
20222021
(in millions)Before 
 tax 
Tax 
 effect 
Net of 
 tax 
Before 
 tax 
Tax 
 effect 
Net of 
 tax 
Debt securities:
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period$(6,888)1,697 (5,191)(2,012)500 (1,512)
Reclassification of net (gains) losses to net income58 (15)43 (14)(13)
Net change(6,830)1,682 (5,148)(2,026)501 (1,525)
Derivatives and hedging activities:
Fair Value Hedges:
Change in fair value of excluded components on fair value hedges (1)64 (16)48 25 (6)19 
Cash Flow Hedges:
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period on cash flow hedges(51)13 (38)(31)(23)
Reclassification of net (gains) losses to net income14 (4)10 53 (13)40 
Net change27 (7)20 47 (11)36 
Defined benefit plans adjustments:
Net actuarial and prior service gains (losses) arising during the period19 (5)14 10 (3)
Reclassification of amounts to noninterest expense (2)76 (18)58 36 (8)28 
Net change95 (23)72 46 (11)35 
Debit valuation adjustments (DVA):
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period(4)1 (3)— — — 
Reclassification of net (gains) losses to net income   — — — 
Net change(4)1 (3)— — — 
Foreign currency translation adjustments:
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period(6) (6)13 (2)11 
Reclassification of net (gains) losses to net income   — — — 
Net change(6) (6)13 (2)11 
Other comprehensive income (loss)$(6,718)1,653 (5,065)(1,920)477 (1,443)
Less: Other comprehensive income from noncontrolling interests, net of tax 
Wells Fargo other comprehensive loss, net of tax$(5,065)(1,444)
(1)Represents changes in fair value of cross-currency swaps attributable to changes in cross-currency basis spreads, which are excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and recorded in other comprehensive income.
(2)These items are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost (see Note 18 (Employee Benefits and Other Expenses) for additional information).
 Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30, 
 2017  2016  2017  2016 
(in millions)
Before
tax

 
Tax
effect

 
Net of
tax

 
Before
tax

 
Tax
effect

 
Net of
tax

 
Before
tax

 
Tax
effect

 
Net of
tax

 
Before
tax

 
Tax
effect

 
Net of
tax

Investment securities:                             
Net unrealized gains arising during the period$891
 (353) 538
 112
 (32) 80
 2,825
 (1,075) 1,750
 2,478
 (938) 1,540
Reclassification of net (gains) losses to net income:          

              
Interest income on investment securities (1)70
 (26) 44
 2
 (1) 1
 122
 (46) 76
 5
 (2) 3
Net gains on debt securities(166) 62
 (104) (106) 40
 (66) (322) 119
 (203) (797) 299
 (498)
Net gains from equity investments(106) 41
 (65) (85) 32
 (53) (323) 120
 (203) (204) 77
 (127)
Other noninterest income2
 
 2
 (4) 2
 (2) 1
 
 1
 (5) 2
 (3)
Subtotal reclassifications to net income(200)
77

(123) (193) 73
 (120) (522) 193
 (329) (1,001) 376
 (625)
Net change691

(276)
415
 (81) 41
 (40) 2,303
 (882) 1,421
 1,477
 (562) 915
Derivatives and hedging activities:                             
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period36
 (13) 23
 (445) 168
 (277) 279
 (105) 174
 2,611
 (984) 1,627
Reclassification of net (gains) losses to net income:          

              
Interest income on loans(107) 41
 (66) (266) 100
 (166) (468) 177
 (291) (794) 299
 (495)
Interest expense on long-term debt2
 (1) 1
 4
 (1) 3
 8
 (3) 5
 11
 (4) 7
Subtotal reclassifications to net income(105)
40

(65)
(262)
99

(163)
(460)
174

(286)
(783)
295

(488)
Net change(69)
27

(42) (707) 267
 (440) (181)
69

(112) 1,828

(689)
1,139
Defined benefit plans adjustments:                             
Net actuarial and prior service gains (losses) arising during the period11
 (5) 6
 (447) 168
 (279) 4
 (2) 2
 (474) 178
 (296)
Reclassification of amounts to net periodic benefit costs (2):                       
Amortization of net actuarial loss37
 (13) 24
 39
 (14) 25
 114
 (43) 71
 109
 (41) 68
Settlements and other4
 (1) 3
 
 
 
 6
 
 6
 6
 (2) 4
Subtotal reclassifications to net periodic benefit costs41

(14)
27
 39
 (14) 25
 120
 (43) 77
 115
 (43) 72
Net change52

(19)
33
 (408) 154
 (254) 124
 (45) 79
 (359) 135
 (224)
Foreign currency translation adjustments:                             
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period40
 3
 43
 (10) (1) (11) 87
 6
 93
 27
 6
 33
Net change40

3

43
 (10) (1) (11) 87
 6
 93
 27
 6
 33
Other comprehensive income (loss)$714

(265)
449
 (1,206)
461

(745) 2,333
 (852) 1,481
 2,973
 (1,110) 1,863
Less: Other comprehensive income (loss) from noncontrolling interests, net of tax    (34)     19
       (29)     (24)
Wells Fargo other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax    $483
     (764)       1,510
     1,887
(1)128Represents net unrealized gains and losses amortized over the remaining lives of securities that were transferred from the available-for-sale portfolio to the held-to-maturity portfolio.Wells Fargo & Company


Table 21.2 provides the cumulative OCI balance activity on an after-tax basis.


Table 21.2:Cumulative OCI Balances
(in millions)Debt
securities
Fair value hedges (1)Cash flow hedges (2)
Defined 
 benefit 
 plans 
 adjustments 
Debit valuation adjustments
(DVA)
Foreign 
 currency 
 translation 
adjustments 
Cumulative 
 other 
comprehensive 
 income (loss)
Quarter ended March 31, 2022
Balance, beginning of period$665 (143)(27)(2,055) (142)(1,702)
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period(5,191)48 (38)14 (3)(6)(5,176)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income43  10 58   111 
Net change(5,148)48 (28)72 (3)(6)(5,065)
Less: Other comprehensive income from noncontrolling interests       
Balance, end of period$(4,483)(95)(55)(1,983)(3)(148)(6,767)
Quarter ended March 31, 2021
Balance, beginning of period$3,039 (204)(125)(2,404)— (112)194 
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period(1,512)19 (23)— 11 (1,498)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income(13)— 40 28 — — 55 
Net change(1,525)19 17 35 — 11 (1,443)
Less: Other comprehensive income from noncontrolling interests— — — — — 
Balance, end of period$1,514 (185)(108)(2,369)— (102)(1,250)
(1)Substantially all of the amounts for fair value hedges are foreign exchange contracts.
(2)Majority of the amounts for cash flow hedges are interest rate contracts.
(2)These items are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost, which is recorded in employee benefits expense (see Note 15 (Employee Benefits) for additional details).Wells Fargo & Company129

Table 17.2:Cumulative OCI Balances

(in millions)
Investment
securities

 
Derivatives
and
hedging
activities

 
Defined
benefit
plans
adjustments

 
Foreign
currency
translation
adjustments

 
Cumulative
other
compre-
hensive
income

Quarter ended September 30, 2017         
Balance, beginning of period$(96) 19
 (1,897) (136) (2,110)
Net unrealized gains arising during the period538
 23
 6
 43
 610
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income(123) (65) 27
 
 (161)
Net change415
 (42) 33
 43
 449
Less: Other comprehensive loss from noncontrolling interests(34) 
 
 
 (34)
Balance, end of period$353
 (23) (1,864) (93) (1,627)
Quarter ended September 30, 2016         
Balance, beginning of period$2,812
 2,199
 (1,921) (142) 2,948
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period80
 (277) (279) (11) (487)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income(120) (163) 25
 
 (258)
Net change(40) (440) (254) (11) (745)
Less: Other comprehensive income from noncontrolling interests19
 
 
 
 19
Balance, end of period$2,753
 1,759
 (2,175) (153) 2,184
Nine months ended September 30, 2017  
   
   
   
   
Balance, beginning of period$(1,099) 89
 (1,943) (184) (3,137)
Net unrealized gains arising during the period1,750
 174
 2
 93
 2,019
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income(329) (286) 77
 
 (538)
Net change1,421
 (112) 79
 93
 1,481
Less: Other comprehensive income (loss) from noncontrolling interests(31) 
 
 2
 (29)
Balance, end of period$353
 (23) (1,864) (93) (1,627)
Nine months ended September 30, 2016  
   
   
   
   
Balance, beginning of period$1,813
 620
 (1,951) (185) 297
Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period1,540
 1,627
 (296) 33
 2,904
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income(625) (488) 72
 
 (1,041)
Net change915
 1,139
 (224) 33
 1,863
Less: Other comprehensive income (loss) from noncontrolling interests(25) 
 
 1
 (24)
Balance, end of period$2,753
 1,759
 (2,175) (153) 2,184




Note 18:22:  Operating Segments
We have threeOur management reporting is organized into 4 reportable operating segments: CommunityConsumer Banking and Lending; Commercial Banking; WholesaleCorporate and Investment Banking; and Wealth and Investment Management (WIM).Management. All other business activities that are not included in the reportable operating segments have been included in Corporate. We define our reportable operating segments by type of product type and customer segment, and their results are based on our management accounting process, for which there is no comprehensive, authoritative guidance equivalent to GAAP for financial accounting.reporting process. The management accountingreporting process measures the performance of the reportable operating segments based on
our the Company’s management structure, and the results are regularly reviewed by our Chief Executive Officer and Operating Committee. The management reporting process is not necessarily comparablebased on U.S. GAAP and includes specific adjustments, such as funds transfer pricing for asset/liability management, shared revenues and expenses, and taxable-equivalent adjustments to consistently reflect income from taxable and tax-exempt sources, which allows management to assess performance consistently across the operating segments.

Consumer Banking and Lending offers diversified financial products and services for consumers and small businesses with similar information for otherannual sales generally up to $10 million. These financial products and services include checking and savings accounts, credit and debit cards, as well as home, auto, personal, and small business lending.

Commercial Banking provides financial solutions to private, family owned and certain public companies. IfProducts and services include banking and credit products across multiple industry sectors and municipalities, secured lending and lease products, and treasury management.

Corporate and Investment Banking delivers a suite of capital markets, banking, and financial products and services to corporate, commercial real estate, government and institutional clients globally. Products and services include corporate banking, investment banking, treasury management, commercial real estate lending and servicing, equity and fixed income solutions, as well as sales, trading, and research capabilities.

Wealth and Investment Management provides personalized wealth management, brokerage, financial planning, lending, private banking, trust and fiduciary products and services to affluent, high-net worth and ultra-high-net worth clients. We operate through financial advisors in our brokerage and wealth offices, consumer bank branches, independent offices, and digitally through WellsTrade® and Intuitive Investor®.


Corporate includes corporate treasury and enterprise functions, net of allocations (including funds transfer pricing, capital, liquidity and certain expenses), in support of the management structure and/or the allocation process changes, allocations, transfers and assignments may change. For a description of ourreportable operating segments, includingas well as our investment portfolio and affiliated venture capital and private equity businesses. In addition, Corporate includes all restructuring charges related to our efficiency initiatives. See Note 19 (Restructuring Charges) for additional information on restructuring charges. Corporate also includes certain lines of business that management has determined are no longer consistent with the underlying management accounting process, see Note 24 (Operating Segments)long-term strategic goals of the Company, as well as results for previously divested businesses.

Basis of Presentation
FUNDS TRANSFER PRICING Corporate treasury manages a funds transfer pricing methodology that considers interest rate risk, liquidity risk, and other product characteristics. Operating segments pay a funding charge for their assets and receive a funding credit for their deposits, both of which are included in net interest income. The net impact of the funding charges or credits is recognized in corporate treasury.

REVENUE AND EXPENSE SHARING When lines of business jointly serve customers, the line of business that is responsible for providing the product or service recognizes revenue or expense with a referral fee paid or an allocation of cost to Financial Statementsthe other line of business based on established internal revenue-sharing agreements.
When a line of business uses a service provided by another line of business or enterprise function (included in our 2016 Form 10-K. Corporate), expense is generally allocated based on the cost and use of the service provided.

TAXABLE-EQUIVALENT ADJUSTMENTS Taxable-equivalent adjustments related to tax-exempt income on certain loans and debt securities are included in net interest income, while taxable-equivalent adjustments related to income tax credits for low-income housing and renewable energy investments are included in noninterest income, in each case with corresponding impacts to income tax expense (benefit). Adjustments are included in Corporate, Commercial Banking, and Corporate and Investment Banking and are eliminated to reconcile to the Company’s consolidated financial results.
130Wells Fargo & Company


Table 18.122.1 presents our results by operating segment.
Table 18.1:22.1:Operating Segments

(in millions)
Consumer Banking and LendingCommercial BankingCorporate and Investment BankingWealth and Investment ManagementCorporateReconciling Items (1)Consolidated
Company
Quarter ended March 31, 2022
Net interest income (2) $5,996 1,361 1,990 799 (818)(107)9,221 
Noninterest income2,567 966 1,480 2,958 806 (406)8,371 
Total revenue8,563 2,327 3,470 3,757 (12)(513)17,592 
Provision for credit losses(190)(344)(196)(37)(20) (787)
Noninterest expense6,395 1,531 1,983 3,175 786  13,870 
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)2,358 1,140 1,683 619 (778)(513)4,509 
Income tax expense (benefit)588 280 425 154 (227)(513)707 
Net income (loss) before noncontrolling interests1,770 860 1,258 465 (551) 3,802 
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests 3   128  131 
Net income (loss)$1,770 857 1,258 465 (679) 3,671 
Quarter ended March 31, 2021
Net interest income (2)$5,615 1,254 1,779 657 (390)(107)8,808 
Noninterest income3,039 827 1,825 2,887 1,417 (271)9,724 
Total revenue8,654 2,081 3,604 3,544 1,027 (378)18,532 
Provision for credit losses(419)(399)(284)(43)97 — (1,048)
Noninterest expense6,267 1,630 1,833 3,028 1,231 — 13,989 
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)2,806 850 2,055 559 (301)(378)5,591 
Income tax expense (benefit)702 212 500 140 (275)(378)901 
Net income (loss) before noncontrolling interests2,104 638 1,555 419 (26)— 4,690 
Less: Net income from noncontrolling interests— — — 53 — 54 
Net income (loss)$2,104 637 1,555 419 (79)— 4,636 
Quarter ended March 31, 2022 (3)
Loans (average)$325,055 194,395 284,498 84,765 9,292  898,005 
Assets (average)374,869 214,937 551,404 90,841 687,341  1,919,392 
Deposits (average)881,339 200,699 169,181 185,814 27,039  1,464,072 
Loans (period-end)328,558 198,833 290,627 84,688 9,101  911,807 
Assets (period-end)379,115 221,886 564,976 90,820 682,912  1,939,709 
Deposits (period-end)909,896 195,549 168,467 183,727 23,715  1,481,354 
Quarter ended March 31, 2021
Loans (average)$353,081 183,143 246,148 80,839 10,228 — 873,439 
Assets (average)408,553 199,361 511,528 87,355 727,628 — 1,934,425 
Deposits (average)789,439 189,364 194,501 173,678 46,490 — 1,393,472 
Loans (period-end)340,549 180,688 248,644 81,175 10,516 — 861,572 
Assets (period-end)405,597 198,684 512,045 87,039 753,899 — 1,957,264 
Deposits (period-end)837,765 191,948 188,920 175,999 42,487 — 1,437,119 
(1)Taxable-equivalent adjustments related to tax-exempt income on certain loans and debt securities are included in net interest income, while taxable-equivalent adjustments related to income tax credits for low-income housing and renewable energy investments are included in noninterest income, in each case with corresponding impacts to income tax expense (benefit). Adjustments are included in Corporate, Commercial Banking, and Corporate and Investment Banking and are eliminated to reconcile to the Company’s consolidated financial results.
(2)Net interest income is interest earned on assets minus the interest paid on liabilities to fund those assets. Segment interest earned includes actual interest income on segment assets as well as a funding credit for their deposits. Segment interest paid on liabilities includes actual interest expense on segment liabilities as well as a funding charge for their assets.
(3)In first quarter 2022, we prospectively transferred certain customer accounts from the Commercial Banking operating segment to Small Business Banking in the Consumer Banking and Lending operating segment.
 
Community
Banking 
  
Wholesale
Banking
  Wealth and Investment Management  Other (1)  
Consolidated
Company
 
(income/expense in millions, average balances in billions)2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
Quarter ended Sep 30,  
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
Net interest income (2)$7,645
 7,430
 4,353
 4,062
 1,159
 977
 (681) (517) 12,476
 11,952
Provision (reversal of provision) for credit losses650
 651
 69
 157
 (1) 4
 (1) (7) 717
 805
Noninterest income4,415
 4,957
 2,732
 3,085
 3,087
 3,122
 (784) (788) 9,450
 10,376
Noninterest expense7,834
 6,953
 4,248
 4,120
 3,106
 2,999
 (837) (804) 14,351
 13,268
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)3,576
 4,783
 2,768
 2,870
 1,141
 1,096
 (627) (494) 6,858
 8,255
Income tax expense (benefit)1,286
 1,546
 729
 827
 427
 415
 (238) (187) 2,204
 2,601
Net income (loss) before noncontrolling interests2,290
 3,237
 2,039
 2,043
 714
 681
 (389) (307) 4,654
 5,654
Less: Net income (loss) from noncontrolling interests61
 10
 (7) (4) 4
 4
 
 
 58
 10
Net income (loss) (3)$2,229
 3,227
 2,046
 2,047
 710
 677
 (389) (307) 4,596
 5,644
Average loans$473.5
 489.2
 463.8
 454.3
 72.4
 68.4
 (57.4) (54.4) 952.3
 957.5
Average assets988.9
 993.6
 824.3
 794.2
 213.4
 212.1
 (88.1) (85.3) 1,938.5
 1,914.6
Average deposits734.5
 708.0
 463.4
 441.2
 188.1
 189.2
 (79.6) (76.9) 1,306.4
 1,261.5
Nine months ended Sep 30,                   
Net interest income (2)$22,820
 22,277
 12,779
 11,729
 3,360
 2,852
 (1,700) (1,506) 37,259
 35,352
Provision (reversal of provision) for credit losses1,919
 2,060
 (39) 905
 2
 (8) (5) 8
 1,877
 2,965
Noninterest income13,622
 14,928
 8,295
 9,660
 9,261
 9,020
 (2,340) (2,275) 28,838
 31,333
Noninterest expense22,278
 20,437
 12,551
 12,124
 9,387
 9,017
 (2,532) (2,416) 41,684
 39,162
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)12,245
 14,708
 8,562
 8,360
 3,232
 2,863
 (1,503) (1,373) 22,536
 24,558
Income tax expense (benefit)3,817
 4,910
 2,034
 2,341
 1,206
 1,087
 (571) (521) 6,486
 7,817
Net income (loss) before noncontrolling interests8,428
 9,798
 6,528
 6,019
 2,026
 1,776
 (932) (852) 16,050
 16,741
Less: Net income (loss) from noncontrolling interests197
 96
 (21) (22) 11
 3
 
 
 187
 77
Net income (loss) (3)$8,231
 9,702
 6,549
 6,041
 2,015
 1,773
 (932) (852) 15,863
 16,664
Average loans$477.8
 486.4
 465.0
 445.2
 71.6
 66.4
 (56.8) (52.8) 957.6
 945.2
Average assets987.7
 969.6
 816.5
 771.9
 216.1
 208.5
 (88.1) (84.3) 1,932.2
 1,865.7
Average deposits726.4
 698.3
 464.1
 431.7
 190.6
 185.4
 (78.8) (76.1) 1,302.3
 1,239.3
(1)Includes the elimination of certain items that are included in more than one business segment, most of which represents products and services for Wealth and Investment Management customers served through Community Banking distribution channels. Wells Fargo & Company131


(2)Net interest income is the difference between interest earned on assets
Note 23:  Regulatory Capital Requirements and the cost of liabilities to fund those assets. Interest earned includes actual interest earned on segment assets and, if the segment has excess liabilities, interest credits for providing funding to other segments. The cost of liabilities includes interest expense on segment liabilities and, if the segment does not have enough liabilities to fund its assets, a funding charge based on the cost of excess liabilities from another segment.
(3)Represents segment net income (loss) for Community Banking; Wholesale Banking; and Wealth and Investment Management segments and Wells Fargo net income for the consolidated company.

Other Restrictions


Note 19:  Regulatory and Agency Capital Requirements
Regulatory Capital Requirements
The Company and each of its subsidiary banks are subject to regulatory capital adequacy requirements promulgated by federal bank regulatory agencies.banking regulators. The Federal ReserveFRB establishes capital requirements for the consolidated financial holding company, and the OCC has similar requirements for the Company’s national banks, including Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (the Bank).
Table 19.123.1 presents regulatory capital information for Wells Fargo & Company and the Bank usingin accordance with Basel III which increased minimum required capital ratios, and introduced a minimum Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) ratio.requirements. We must report the lower ofcalculate our CET1, tier 1 and totalrisk-based capital
ratios calculated under the Standardized Approach and under the Advanced Approach in the assessment of our capital adequacy. The information presented reflects risk-weighted assets (RWAs) underboth the Standardized and Advanced Approaches with Transition Requirements.Approaches. The Standardized Approach applies assigned risk weights to broad risk categories, while the calculation of RWAsrisk-weighted assets (RWAs) under the
Advanced Approach differs by requiring applicable banks to utilize a risk-sensitive methodology, which relies upon the use of internal credit models, and includes an operational risk component.
At March 31, 2022, the Bank and our other insured depository institutions were considered well-capitalized under the requirements of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act.

Table 23.1:Regulatory Capital Information
Wells Fargo & CompanyWells Fargo Bank, N.A.
Standardized ApproachAdvanced ApproachStandardized ApproachAdvanced Approach
(in millions, except ratios)March 31, 2022December 31, 2021March 31, 2022December 31, 2021March 31, 2022December 31, 2021March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Regulatory capital:
Common Equity Tier 1$132,298 140,643 132,298 140,643 143,732 149,318 143,732 149,318 
Tier 1151,340 159,671 151,340 159,671 143,732 149,318 143,732 149,318 
Total186,316 196,308 177,686 186,580 166,302 173,044 157,604 163,213 
Assets:
Risk-weighted assets1,265,517 1,239,026 1,119,518 1,116,068 1,169,842 1,137,839 977,094 965,511 
Adjusted average assets1,891,615 1,915,585 1,891,615 1,915,585 1,734,148 1,758,479 1,734,148 1,758,479 
Regulatory capital ratios:
Common Equity Tier 1 capital10.45 %*11.35 11.82 12.60 12.29 *13.12 14.71 15.47 
Tier 1 capital11.96 *12.89 13.52 14.31 12.29 *13.12 14.71 15.47 
Total capital14.72 *15.84 15.87 16.72 14.22 *15.21 16.13 16.90 
Required minimum capital ratios:
Common Equity Tier 1 capital9.10 9.60 8.50 9.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00 
Tier 1 capital10.60 11.10 10.00 10.50 8.50 8.50 8.50 8.50 
Total capital12.60 13.10 12.00 12.50 10.50 10.50 10.50 10.50 
Wells Fargo & CompanyWells Fargo Bank, N.A.
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Regulatory leverage:
Total leverage exposure (1)$2,289,114 2,316,079 2,117,033 2,133,798 
Supplementary leverage ratio (SLR) (1)6.61 %6.89 6.79 7.00 
Tier 1 leverage ratio (2)8.00 8.34 8.29 8.49 
Required minimum leverage:
Supplementary leverage ratio5.00 5.00 6.00 6.00 
Tier 1 leverage ratio4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 
*Denotes the binding ratio under the Standardized and Advanced Approaches at March 31, 2022.
(1)The Basel III revised definitionSLR consists of tier 1 capital divided by total leverage exposure. Total leverage exposure consists of total average assets, less goodwill and changes are being phased-in effective Januaryother permitted tier 1 2014, throughcapital deductions (net of deferred tax liabilities), plus certain off-balance sheet exposures.
(2)The tier 1 leverage ratio consists of tier 1 capital divided by total average assets, excluding goodwill and certain other items as determined under the endrule.
At March 31, 2022, the CET1, tier 1 and total capital ratio requirements for the Company included a global systemically important bank (G-SIB) surcharge of 2021.
1.50%. The G-SIB surcharge is not applicable to the Bank. In addition, the CET1, tier 1 and total capital ratio requirements for the Company included a stress capital buffer of 3.10% under the Standardized Approach and a capital conservation buffer of 2.50% under the Advanced Approach. The capital ratio requirements for the Bank is an approved seller/servicerincluded a capital conservation buffer of mortgage loans2.50% under both the Standardized and Advanced Approaches. The Company is required to maintain these risk-based capital ratios and to maintain an SLR of at least 5.00% (composed of a 3.00% minimum levelsrequirement plus a supplementary leverage buffer of shareholders’ equity, as specified2.00%) to avoid restrictions on capital distributions and discretionary bonus payments. The Bank is required to maintain an SLR of at least 6.00% to be considered well-capitalized under applicable regulatory capital adequacy rules.

Capital Planning Requirements
The FRB’s capital plan rule establishes capital planning and other requirements that govern capital distributions, including dividends and share repurchases, by various agencies,certain large bank holding companies (BHCs), including Wells Fargo. The FRB conducts an annual Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review exercise and has also published guidance regarding its supervisory expectations for capital planning, including capital policies regarding the United States Departmentprocess relating to common stock dividend and repurchase decisions in the FRB’s SR Letter 15-18. The Parent’s ability to make certain capital distributions is subject to the requirements of Housingthe capital plan rule and Urban Development, GNMA, FHLMCis also subject to the Parent meeting or exceeding certain regulatory capital minimums.

132Wells Fargo & Company


Loan and FNMA. At September 30, 2017,Dividend Restrictions
Federal law restricts the Bank met these requirements. Other subsidiaries, includingamount and the Company’s insuranceterms of both credit and broker-dealernon-credit transactions between a bank and its nonbank affiliates. Additionally, federal laws and regulations limit the dividends that a national bank may pay.
Our nonbank subsidiaries are also subjectlimited by certain federal and state statutory provisions and regulations covering the amount of dividends that may be paid in any given year. In addition, under a Support Agreement dated June 28, 2017, as amended and restated on June 26, 2019, among Wells Fargo & Company, the parent holding company (the “Parent”), WFC Holdings, LLC, an intermediate holding company and subsidiary of the Parent (the “IHC”), Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, Wells Fargo Clearing Services, LLC, and certain other subsidiaries of the Parent designated from time to various minimumtime as material entities for resolution planning purposes or identified from time to time as related support entities in our resolution plan, the IHC may be restricted from making dividend payments to the Parent if certain liquidity and/or capital levels,metrics fall below defined triggers or if the Parent’s board of directors authorizes it to file a case under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code.
For additional information on loan and dividend restrictions, see Note 28 (Regulatory Capital Requirements and Other Restrictions) in our 2021 Form 10-K.
Cash Restrictions
Cash and cash equivalents may be restricted as defined by applicable industry regulations. The minimum capital levels for these subsidiaries,to usage or withdrawal. Table 23.2 provides a summary of restrictions on cash and related restrictions, are not significant to our consolidated operations.cash equivalents.
Table 23.2:Nature of Restrictions on Cash and Cash Equivalents
(in millions)Mar 31,
2022
Dec 31,
2021
Reserve balance for non-U.S. central banks$233 382 
Segregated for benefit of brokerage customers under federal and other brokerage regulations694 830 
Table 19.1:Regulatory Capital Information
 Wells Fargo & Company Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.
 September 30, 2017   December 31, 2016   September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
(in millions, except ratios)Advanced Approach
 
Standardized
Approach

  Advanced Approach
 Standardized
Approach

  Advanced Approach
 Standardized
Approach

  Advanced Approach
 Standardized
Approach

 
Regulatory capital:                  
Common equity tier 1$153,548
 153,548
  148,785
 148,785
  140,021
 140,021
  132,225
 132,225
 
Tier 1176,996
 176,996
  171,364
 171,364
  140,021
 140,021
  132,225
 132,225
 
Total209,522
 219,208
  204,425
 214,877
  153,558
 162,723
  145,665
 155,281
 
Assets:                   
Risk-weighted$1,217,700
 1,268,638
  1,274,589
 1,336,198
  1,103,800
 1,173,294
  1,143,681
 1,222,876
 
Adjusted average (1)1,908,883
 1,908,883
  1,914,802
 1,914,802
  1,713,046
 1,713,046
  1,714,524
 1,714,524
 
Regulatory capital ratios:                   
Common equity tier 1 capital12.61%
12.10
* 11.67
 11.13
* 12.69

11.93
* 11.56

10.81
*
Tier 1 capital14.54

13.95
* 13.44
 12.82
* 12.69

11.93
* 11.56

10.81
*
Total capital17.21
*17.28

 16.04
*16.08
  13.91

13.87
* 12.74

12.70
*
Tier 1 leverage (1)9.27
 9.27
  8.95
 8.95
  8.17
 8.17
  7.71
 7.71
 
*Denotes the lowest capital ratio as determined under the Advanced and Standardized Approaches.
(1)The leverage ratio consists of Tier 1 capital divided by quarterly average total assets, excluding goodwill and certain other items.Wells Fargo & Company133

Table 19.2 presents the minimum required regulatory capital ratios under Transition Requirements to which the Company and the Bank were subject as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

Table 19.2:Minimum Required Regulatory Capital Ratios – Transition Requirements (1)
  Wells Fargo & Company Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.
 September 30, 2017
 December 31, 2016 September 30, 2017 December 31, 2016
Regulatory capital ratios:        
Common equity tier 1 capital6.750% 5.625 5.750 5.125
Tier 1 capital8.250
 7.125 7.250 6.625
Total capital10.250
 9.125 9.250 8.625
Tier 1 leverage4.000
 4.000 4.000 4.000
(1)
At September 30, 2017, under transition requirements, the CET1, tier 1 and total capital minimum ratio requirements for Wells Fargo & Company include a capital conservation bufferGlossary of 1.250% and a global systemically important bank (G-SIB) surcharge of 1.000%. Only the 1.250% capital conservation buffer applies to the Bank at September 30, 2017.



Acronyms
Glossary of Acronyms
ACL
ABSAsset-backed securityG-SIBGlobally systemic important bank
ACLAllowance for credit lossesHAMPLCRHome Affordability Modification Program
ALCOAsset/Liability Management CommitteeHUDU.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development
ARM
Adjustable-rate mortgageLCRLiquidity coverage ratio
ASC
AFS
Accounting Standards CodificationAvailable-for-saleLHFSLoans held for sale
ASUARMAccounting Standards UpdateAdjustable-rate mortgageLIBORLondon Interbank Offered Rate
AUAASCAssets under administrationAccounting Standards CodificationLIHTCLow incomeLow-income housing tax credit
AUMASUAssets under managementAccounting Standards UpdateLOCOMLower of cost or marketfair value
AVMAutomated valuation modelLTVLoan-to-value
BCBSBasel Committee on BankBanking SupervisionMBSMortgage-backed securitysecurities
BHCBank holding companyMHAMSRMaking Home Affordable programsMortgage servicing right
CCARComprehensive Capital Analysis and ReviewMHFSNAVMortgages held for saleNet asset value
CDCertificate of depositMSRNPAMortgage servicing rightNonperforming asset
CDOCECLCollateralized debt obligationMTNMedium-term note
CDSCredit default swapsNAVNet asset value
CECLCurrent expected credit lossNPANSFRNonperforming assetNet stable funding ratio
CET1Common Equity Tier 1OCCOffice of the Comptroller of the Currency
CFPBConsumer Financial Protection BureauOCIOther comprehensive income
CLOCollateralized loan obligationOTCOver-the-counter
CLTVCombined loan-to-valueOTTIPCDOther-than-temporary impairmentPurchased credit-deteriorated
CMBSCPICommercial mortgage-backed securitiesPCI LoansPurchased credit-impaired loans
CPICollateral protection insurancePTPPPre-tax pre-provision profit
CPPCRECapital Purchase ProgramRBCRisk-based capital
CRECommercial real estateRMBSResidential mortgage-backed securities
DPDDays past dueROAWells Fargo net income toReturn on average total assets
ESOPEmployee Stock Ownership PlanROEWells Fargo net income applicable to common stockReturn on average equity
FASFASBStatement of Financial Accounting Standardsto average Wells Fargo common stockholders' equity
FASBFinancial Accounting Standards BoardROTCEReturn on average tangible common equity
FDICFederal Deposit Insurance CorporationRWAsRisk-weighted assets
FFELPFHAFederal Family Education Loan ProgramHousing AdministrationSECSecurities and Exchange Commission
FHAFHLBFederal Housing AdministrationHome Loan BankS&PStandard & Poor’s Ratings Services
FHLBFHLMCFederal Home Loan BankSLRSupplementary leverage ratio
FHLMCFederal Home Loan Mortgage CorporationSPESLRSpecial purpose entitySupplementary leverage ratio
FICOFair Isaac Corporation (credit rating)TARPSOFRTroubled Asset Relief ProgramSecured Overnight Financing Rate
FNMAFederal National Mortgage AssociationTDRSPETroubled debt restructuringSpecial purpose entity
FRBBoard of Governors of the Federal Reserve SystemTLACTDRTroubled debt restructuring
GAAPGenerally accepted accounting principlesTLACTotal Loss Absorbing Capacity
GAAPGNMAGenerally accepted accounting principlesGovernment National Mortgage AssociationVADepartment of Veterans Affairs
GNMAGSEGovernment National Mortgage AssociationGovernment-sponsored entityVaRValue-at-Risk
GSEG-SIBGovernment-sponsored entityGlobal systemically important bankVIEVariable interest entity
HQLAHigh-quality liquid assetsWIMWealth and Investment Management
HTMHeld-to-maturity



134Wells Fargo & Company


PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.    Legal Proceedings
 
Information in response to this item can be found in Note 1113 (Legal Actions) to Financial Statements in this Report which information is incorporated by reference into this item.

Item 1A.    Risk Factors
 
Information in response to this item can be found under the “Financial Review – Risk Factors” section in this Report which information is incorporated by reference into this item. 

Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
The following table shows Company repurchases of its common stock for each calendar month in the quarter ended September 30, 2017.March 31, 2022.

Calendar monthTotal number
of shares
repurchased (1)
Weighted average
price paid per share
Maximum number of
shares that may yet
be repurchased under
the authorization
January33,687,433 $54.55 327,130,834 
February55,819,880 56.79 271,310,954 
March20,586,039 49.07 250,724,915 
Total110,093,352 
(1)All shares were repurchased under an authorization covering up to 500 million shares of common stock approved by the Board of Directors and publicly announced by the Company on January 15, 2021. Unless modified or revoked by the Board, this authorization does not expire.
Calendar month
Total number
of shares
repurchased (1)

 
Weighted-average
price paid per share

 Maximum number of
shares that may yet
be repurchased under
the authorization

July6,616,050
 $54.73
 164,594,913
August (2)30,887,246
 53.26
 133,707,667
September (2)11,519,239
 51.50
 122,188,428
Total49,022,535
    
      
(1)
All shares were repurchased under an authorization covering up to 350 million shares of common stock approved by the Board of Directors and publicly announced by the Company on January 26, 2016. Unless modified or revoked by the Board, this authorization does not expire.
(2)
August includes a private repurchase transaction of 18,746,180 shares at a weighted-average price per share of $53.34. September includes a private repurchase transaction of 9,717,399 shares at a weighted-average price per share of $51.45.


The following table shows Company repurchases of the warrants for each calendar month in the quarter ended September 30, 2017.
Calendar month
Total number
of warrants
repurchased (1)
Wells Fargo & Company

Average price
paid per warrant

Maximum dollar value
of warrants that
may yet be repurchased

July
$
451,944,402
August

451,944,402
September

451,944,402
Total
135
(1)
Warrants are repurchased under the authorization covering up to $1 billion in warrants approved by the Board of Directors (ratified and approved on June 22, 2010). Unless modified or revoked by the Board, this authorization does not expire.




Item 6.    Exhibits
Item 6.Exhibits
 
A list of exhibits to this Form 10-Q is set forth below.
 
The Company’s SEC file number is 001-2979. On and before November 2, 1998, the Company filed documents with the SEC under the name Norwest Corporation. The former Wells Fargo & Company filed documents under SEC file number 001-6214.

Exhibit
Number
Description Location 
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(a) to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2021.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 1, 2018.
4(a)See Exhibits 3(a) and 3(b).
4(b)The Company agrees to furnish upon request to the Commission a copy of each instrument defining the rights of holders of senior and subordinated debt of the Company.
Filed herewith.
Filed herewith.
Filed herewith.
Filed herewith.
Filed herewith.
Filed herewith.
Filed herewith.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 29, 2022.
Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 22 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.
Filed herewith.
Filed herewith.
Furnished herewith.
Furnished herewith.
101.INSInline XBRL Instance DocumentThe instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document.
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema DocumentFiled herewith.
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith.
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definitions Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith.
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith.
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase DocumentFiled herewith.
104Cover Page Interactive Data FileFormatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101.
Exhibit
Number
 Description  Location 
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(a) to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017.
  Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed December 1, 2016.
4(a) See Exhibits 3(a) and 3(b).  
4(b) The Company agrees to furnish upon request to the Commission a copy of each instrument defining the rights of holders of senior and subordinated debt of the Company.  
  Filed herewith.
      Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30,    
      2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
   
   Including interest on deposits 3.53
 6.03
 4.17
 6.36
   
   Excluding interest on deposits 4.75
 7.42
 5.51
 7.86
   
     
  Filed herewith.
      Quarter ended September 30,  Nine months ended September 30,    
      2017
 2016
 2017
 2016
   
   Including interest on deposits 2.88
 4.44
 3.35
 4.63
   
   Excluding interest on deposits 3.56
 5.10
 4.09
 5.31
   
             
  Filed herewith.
  Filed herewith.
  Furnished herewith.
  Furnished herewith.
101.INS XBRL Instance Document Filed herewith.
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document Filed herewith.
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document Filed herewith.
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definitions Linkbase Document Filed herewith.
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document Filed herewith.
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document Filed herewith.


136Wells Fargo & Company


SIGNATURE
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
Dated: NovemberMay 3, 2017                                                        2022    WELLS FARGO & COMPANY
 
 
By:      /s/ RICHARD D. LEVY                                   
By:/s/ MUNEERA S. CARR
Muneera S. Carr
Executive Vice President,
Chief Accounting Officer and Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)
Richard D. Levy
Executive Vice President and Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)


168
Wells Fargo & Company137