Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
FORM 10-Q
þ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2017March 31, 2018
OR
¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from           to            

Commission
File Number
 
Registrant, State of Incorporation,
Address and Telephone Number
 
I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.
1-3526 
The Southern Company
(A Delaware Corporation)
30 Ivan Allen Jr. Boulevard, N.W.
Atlanta, Georgia 30308
(404) 506-5000
 58-0690070
     
1-3164 
Alabama Power Company
(An Alabama Corporation)
600 North 18th Street
Birmingham, Alabama 35203
(205) 257-1000
 63-0004250
     
1-6468 
Georgia Power Company
(A Georgia Corporation)
241 Ralph McGill Boulevard, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30308
(404) 506-6526
 58-0257110
     
001-31737 
Gulf Power Company
(A Florida Corporation)
One Energy Place
Pensacola, Florida 32520
(850) 444-6111
 59-0276810
     
001-11229 
Mississippi Power Company
(A Mississippi Corporation)
2992 West Beach Boulevard
Gulfport, Mississippi 39501
(228) 864-1211
 64-0205820
     
001-37803 
Southern Power Company
(A Delaware Corporation)
30 Ivan Allen Jr. Boulevard, N.W.
Atlanta, Georgia 30308
(404) 506-5000
 58-2598670
     
1-14174 
Southern Company Gas
(A Georgia Corporation)
Ten Peachtree Place, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30309
(404) 584-4000
 58-2210952



Table of Contents

Indicate by check mark whether the registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrants have submitted electronically and posted on their corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrants were required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Registrant 
Large
Accelerated
Filer
 
Accelerated
Filer
 
Non-
accelerated
Filer
 
Smaller
Reporting
Company
 
Emerging
Growth
Company
The Southern Company X        
Alabama Power Company     X    
Georgia Power Company     X    
Gulf Power Company     X    
Mississippi Power Company     X    
Southern Power Company     X    
Southern Company Gas     X    
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No þ (Response applicable to all registrants.)
 
Registrant 
Description of
Common Stock
 Shares Outstanding at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018
The Southern Company Par Value $5 Per Share 999,474,0281,011,624,620
Alabama Power Company Par Value $40 Per Share 30,537,500
Georgia Power Company Without Par Value 9,261,500
Gulf Power Company Without Par Value 7,392,717
Mississippi Power Company Without Par Value 1,121,000
Southern Power Company Par Value $0.01 Per Share 1,000
Southern Company Gas Par Value $0.01 Per Share 100
This combined Form 10-Q is separately filed by The Southern Company, Alabama Power Company, Georgia Power Company, Gulf Power Company, Mississippi Power Company, Southern Power Company, and Southern Company Gas. Information contained herein relating to any individual registrant is filed by such registrant on its own behalf. Each registrant makes no representation as to information relating to the other registrants.

2

INDEX TO QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
June 30, 2017March 31, 2018


  
Page
Number
   
   
 PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION 
Item 1.Financial Statements (Unaudited) 
Item 2.Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 

3

INDEX TO QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q
June 30, 2017March 31, 2018


  Page
Number
 PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION (CONTINUED) 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 3.
Item 4.
   
 PART II—OTHER INFORMATION 
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of ProceedsInapplicable
Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior SecuritiesInapplicable
Item 4.Mine Safety DisclosuresInapplicable
Item 5.Other InformationInapplicable
Item 6.
 

DEFINITIONS
TermMeaning
  
2012 MPSC CPCN OrderA detailed order issued by the Mississippi PSC in April 2012 confirming the CPCN originally approved by the Mississippi PSC in 2010 authorizing the acquisition, construction, and operation of the Kemper IGCC
2013 ARPAlternative Rate Plan approved by the Georgia PSC in 2013 for Georgia Power for the years 2014 through 2016 and subsequently extended through 2019
AFUDCAllowance for funds used during construction
Alabama PowerAlabama Power Company
AROAsset retirement obligation
ASCAccounting Standards Codification
ASUAccounting Standards Update
Atlanta Gas LightAtlanta Gas Light Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Southern Company Gas
Baseload ActAtlantic Coast PipelineState of Mississippi legislation designedAtlantic Coast Pipeline, LLC, a joint venture to enhance the Mississippi PSC's authority to facilitate developmentconstruct and construction of baseload generationoperate a natural gas pipeline in the State of Mississippiwhich Southern Company Gas has a 5% ownership interest
BechtelBechtel Power Corporation
CCRCoal combustion residuals
Clean Power Plan
Final action published by the EPA in 2015 that established guidelines for states to develop plans to meet EPA-mandated CO2 emission rates or emission reduction goals for existing electric generating units
CO2
Carbon dioxide
CODCommercial operation date
Contractor Settlement AgreementThe December 31, 2015 agreement between Westinghouse and the Vogtle Owners resolving disputes between the Vogtle Owners and the EPC Contractor under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement
CPCNCertificate of public convenience and necessity
Customer RefundsRefunds to be issued to Georgia Power customers no later than the end of the third quarter 2018 as ordered by the Georgia PSC related to the Guarantee Settlement Agreement
CWIPConstruction work in progress
Dalton PipelineA 50% undivided ownership interest of Southern Company Gas in a pipeline facility in Georgia
DOEU.S. Department of Energy
ECO PlanMississippi Power's Environmental Compliance Overview Planenvironmental compliance overview plan
Eligible Project CostsCertain costs of construction relating to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 that are eligible for financing under the loan guarantee program established under Title XVII Loan Guarantee Programof the Energy Policy Act of 2005
EPAU.S. Environmental Protection Agency
EPC ContractorWestinghouse and its affiliate, WECTEC (formerly known as CB&I Stone & Webster,Global Project Services Inc.), formerly a subsidiary of The Shaw Group Inc. and Chicago Bridge & Iron Company N.V.; the former engineering, procurement, and construction contractor for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4
FASBFinancial Accounting Standards Board
FERCFederal Energy Regulatory Commission
FFBFederal Financing Bank
FitchFitch Ratings, Inc.
Form 10-KAnnual Report on Form 10-K of Southern Company, Alabama Power, Georgia Power, Gulf Power, Mississippi Power, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas for the year ended December 31, 2016,2017, as applicable
GAAPU.S. generally accepted accounting principles
Georgia PowerGeorgia Power Company
Guarantee Settlement AgreementThe June 9, 2017 settlement agreement between the Vogtle Owners and Toshiba related to the Toshiba Guarantee
Gulf PowerGulf Power Company
Heating Degree DaysA measure of weather, calculated when the average daily temperatures are less than 65 degrees Fahrenheit
Horizon PipelineHorizon Pipeline Company, LLC
IGCCIntegrated coal gasification combined cycle, the technology originally approved for Mississippi Power's Kemper County energy facility (Plant Ratcliffe)
IICIntercompany interchange contract
Illinois CommissionIllinois Commerce Commission the state regulatory agency for Nicor Gas
IRCInternal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended

DEFINITIONS
(continued)
TermMeaning
Interim Assessment AgreementAgreement entered into by the Vogtle Owners and the EPC Contractor to allow construction to continue after the EPC Contractor's bankruptcy filing
IRSInternal Revenue Service
ITCInvestment tax credit
Kemper IGCCMississippi Power's IGCC project in Kemper County, Mississippi
KWHKilowatt-hour
LIBORLondon Interbank Offered Rate
LIFOLast-in, first-out
LNGLiquefied natural gas
Loan Guarantee AgreementLoan guarantee agreement entered into by Georgia Power with the DOE in 2014, under which the proceeds of borrowings may be used to reimburse Georgia Power for Eligible Project Costs incurred in connection with its construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4
LOCOMLower of weighted average cost or current market price
LTSALong-term service agreement
MATS ruleMercury and Air Toxics Standards rule
MergerThe merger, effective July 1, 2016, of a wholly-owned, direct subsidiary of Southern Company with and into Southern Company Gas, with Southern Company Gas continuing as the surviving corporation
Mirror CWIPA regulatory liability used by Mississippi Power to record customer refunds resulting from a 2015 Mississippi PSC order
Mississippi PowerMississippi Power Company
mmBtuMillion British thermal units
Moody'sMoody's Investors Service, Inc.
MRAMunicipal and Rural Associations
MWMegawatt
natural gas distribution utilitiesSouthern Company Gas' seven natural gas distribution utilities (Nicor Gas, Atlanta Gas Light, Virginia Natural Gas, Elizabethtown Gas, Florida City Gas, Chattanooga Gas Company, and Elkton Gas)
NCCRGeorgia Power's Nuclear Construction Cost Recovery
New Jersey BPUNew Jersey Board of Public Utilities the state regulatory agency for Elizabethtown Gas
Nicor GasNorthern Illinois Gas Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Southern Company Gas
NRCU.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
NYMEXNew York Mercantile Exchange, Inc.
OCIOther comprehensive income
PennEast PipelinePennEast Pipeline Company, LLC, a joint venture to construct and operate a natural gas pipeline in which Southern Company Gas has a 20% ownership interest
PEPMississippi Power's Performance Evaluation Plan
PiedmontPivotal Home SolutionsPiedmont Natural
Nicor Energy Services Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Southern Company Gas, Company, Inc.
doing business as Pivotal Home Solutions
Pivotal Utility HoldingsPivotal Utility Holdings, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Southern Company Gas, doing business as Elizabethtown Gas, Elkton Gas, and Florida City Gas
Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4Two new nuclear generating units under construction at Georgia Power's Plant Vogtle
PowerSecurePowerSecure, Inc.
power poolThe operating arrangement whereby the integrated generating resources of the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power (excluding subsidiaries) are subject to joint commitment and dispatch in order to serve their combined load obligations
PPAPower purchase agreements, as well as, for Southern Power, contracts for differences that provide the owner of a renewable facility a certain fixed price for the electricity sold to the grid
PSCPublic Service Commission
PTCProduction tax credit
Rate CNPAlabama Power's Rate Certificated New Plant
Rate CNP ComplianceAlabama Power's Rate Certificated New Plant Compliance

DEFINITIONS
(continued)
TermMeaning
Rate CNP PPAAlabama Power's Rate Certificated New Plant Power Purchase Agreement
Rate ECRAlabama Power's Rate Energy Cost Recovery
Rate NDRAlabama Power's Rate Natural Disaster Reserve
Rate RSEAlabama Power's Rate Stabilization and Equalization plan
registrantsSouthern Company, Alabama Power, Georgia Power, Gulf Power, Mississippi Power, Southern Power Company, and Southern Company Gas
ROEReturn on equity
S&PS&P Global Ratings, a division of S&P Global Inc.
scrubberFlue gas desulfurization system
SCSSouthern Company Services, Inc. (the Southern Company system service company)
SECU.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
SMEPASouth Mississippi Electric Power Association (now known as Cooperative Energy)
SNGSouthern Natural Gas Company, L.L.C.
Southern CompanyThe Southern Company
Southern Company GasSouthern Company Gas and its subsidiaries
Southern Company Gas CapitalSouthern Company Gas Capital Corporation, a 100%-owned subsidiary of Southern Company Gas
Southern Company systemSouthern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power, Southern Company Gas, (as of July 1, 2016), Southern Electric Generating Company, Southern Nuclear, SCS, Southern Communications Services, Inc., PowerSecure, (as of May 9, 2016), and other subsidiaries
Southern NuclearSouthern Nuclear Operating Company, Inc.
Southern PowerSouthern Power Company and its subsidiaries
SouthStarTax Reform LegislationSouthStar Energy Services, LLC
STRIDEAtlanta Gas Light's Strategic Infrastructure DevelopmentThe Tax Cuts and Enhancement programJobs Act, which was signed into law on December 22, 2017 and became effective on January 1, 2018
ToshibaToshiba Corporation, parent company of Westinghouse
Toshiba GuaranteeCertain payment obligations of the EPC Contractor guaranteed by Toshiba
traditional electric operating companiesAlabama Power, Georgia Power, Gulf Power, and Mississippi Power
TritonTriton Container Investments, LLC
VCMVogtle Construction Monitoring
Virginia CommissionVirginia State Corporation Commission the state regulatory agency for Virginia Natural Gas
Virginia Natural GasVirginia Natural Gas, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Southern Company Gas
Vogtle 3 and 4 AgreementAgreement entered into with the EPC Contractor in 2008 by Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, pursuant to which the EPC Contractor agreed to design, engineer, procure, construct, and test Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4
Vogtle OwnersGeorgia Power, Oglethorpe Power Corporation, the Municipal Electric Authority of Georgia, and the City of Dalton, Georgia, an incorporated municipality in the State of Georgia acting by and through its Board of Water, Light, and Sinking Fund Commissioners
Vogtle Services AgreementThe June 9, 2017 services agreement between the Vogtle Owners and the EPC Contractor, as amended and restated on July 20, 2017, for the EPC Contractor to transition construction management of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 to Southern Nuclear and to provide ongoing design, engineering, and procurement services to Southern Nuclear
WACOGWeighted average cost of gas
WECTECWECTEC Global Project Services Inc.
WestinghouseWestinghouse Electric Company LLC

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements concerning regulated rates, the strategic goals for the wholesale business, customer and sales growth, economic conditions, fuel and environmental cost recovery and other rate actions, current and proposed environmental regulations and related compliance plans and estimated expenditures, pending or potential litigation matters, access to sources of capital, financing activities, completion dates of construction projects, filings with state and federal regulatory authorities, federal income tax benefits, estimated sales and purchases under power sale and purchase agreements, and estimated construction and other plans and expenditures. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as "may," "will," "could," "should," "expects," "plans," "anticipates," "believes," "estimates," "projects," "predicts," "potential," or "continue" or the negative of these terms or other similar terminology. There are various factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those suggested by the forward-looking statements; accordingly, there can be no assurance that such indicated results will be realized. These factors include:

the impact of recent and future federal and state regulatory changes, including environmental laws regulating emissions, discharges, and disposal to air, water, and land, and also changes in tax and other laws and regulations to which Southern Company and its subsidiaries are subject, including potential tax reform legislation, as well as changes in application of existing laws and regulations;
current and future litigation, regulatory investigations, proceedings, or inquiries;
the effects, extent, and timing of the entry of additional competition in the markets in which Southern Company's subsidiaries operate;
variations in demand for electricity and natural gas, including those relating to weather, the general economy and recovery from the last recession, population and business growth (and declines), the effects of energy conservation and efficiency measures, including from the development and deployment of alternative energy sources such as self-generation and distributed generation technologies, and any potential economic impacts resulting from federal fiscal decisions;
available sources and costs of natural gas and other fuels;
limits on pipeline capacity;
effects of inflation;
the ability to control costs and avoid cost overruns during the development, construction, and operation of facilities, which include the development and construction of generating facilities with designs that have not been finalized or previously constructed, including changes in labor costs and productivity, adverse weather conditions, shortages and inconsistent quality of equipment, materials, and labor, contractor or supplier delay, non-performance under construction, operating, or other agreements, operational readiness, including specialized operator training and required site safety programs, unforeseen engineering or design problems, start-up activities (including major equipment failure and system integration), and/or operational performance (including additional costs to satisfy any operational parameters ultimately adopted by any PSC);
the impact of any inability or other failure of Toshiba to perform its obligations under the Toshiba Guarantee, including any effect on the construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4;
the ability to construct facilities in accordance with the requirements of permits and licenses, to satisfy any environmental performance standards and the requirements of tax credits and other incentives, and to integrate facilities into the Southern Company system upon completion of construction;
investment performance of the Southern Company system's employee and retiree benefit plans and nuclear decommissioning trust funds;
advances in technology;
ongoing renewable energy partnerships and development agreements;
state and federal rate regulations and the impact of pending and future rate cases and negotiations, including rate actions relating to fuel and other cost recovery mechanisms;
legal proceedings and regulatory approvals and actions related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, including Georgia PSC approvals and NRC actions;




CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
(continued)This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements concerning regulated rates, the strategic goals for the wholesale business, customer and sales growth, economic conditions, fuel and environmental cost recovery and other rate actions, current and proposed environmental regulations and related compliance plans and estimated expenditures, pending or potential litigation matters, access to sources of capital, financing activities, completion dates of construction projects, completion of announced acquisitions or dispositions, filings with state and federal regulatory authorities, impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation, federal and state income tax benefits, estimated sales and purchases under power sale and purchase agreements, and estimated construction and other plans and expenditures. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as "may," "will," "could," "should," "expects," "plans," "anticipates," "believes," "estimates," "projects," "predicts," "potential," or "continue" or the negative of these terms or other similar terminology. There are various factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those suggested by the forward-looking statements; accordingly, there can be no assurance that such indicated results will be realized. These factors include:

the impact of recent and future federal and state regulatory changes, including environmental laws and regulations governing air, water, land, and protection of other natural resources, and also changes in tax and other laws and regulations to which Southern Company and its subsidiaries are subject, as well as changes in application of existing laws and regulations;
the uncertainty surrounding the Tax Reform Legislation, including implementing regulations and IRS interpretations, actions that may be taken in response by regulatory authorities, and its impact, if any, on the credit ratings of Southern Company and its subsidiaries;
current and future litigation or regulatory investigations, proceedings, or inquiries;
the effects, extent, and timing of the entry of additional competition in the markets in which Southern Company's subsidiaries operate;
variations in demand for electricity and natural gas, including those relating to weather, the general economy, population and business growth (and declines), the effects of energy conservation and efficiency measures, including from the development and deployment of alternative energy sources such as self-generation and distributed generation technologies, and any potential economic impacts resulting from federal fiscal decisions;
available sources and costs of natural gas and other fuels;
limits on pipeline capacity;
transmission constraints;
effects of inflation;
the ability to control costs and avoid cost overruns during the development, construction, and operation of facilities, which include the development and construction of generating facilities with designs that have not been previously constructed, including changes in labor costs and productivity, adverse weather conditions, shortages, increased costs or inconsistent quality of equipment, materials, and labor, including any changes related to imposition of import tariffs, contractor or supplier delay, non-performance under construction, operating, or other agreements, operational readiness, including specialized operator training and required site safety programs, unforeseen engineering or design problems, start-up activities (including major equipment failure and system integration), and/or operational performance;
the ability to construct facilities in accordance with the requirements of permits and licenses (including satisfaction of NRC requirements), to satisfy any environmental performance standards and the requirements of tax credits and other incentives, and to integrate facilities into the Southern Company system upon completion of construction;
investment performance of the Southern Company system's employee and retiree benefit plans and nuclear decommissioning trust funds;
advances in technology;
ongoing renewable energy partnerships and development agreements;
state and federal rate regulations and the impact of pending and future rate cases and negotiations, including rate actions relating to fuel and other cost recovery for the Kemper IGCC, including ongoing settlement discussions, Mississippi PSC review of the prudence of Kemper IGCC costs and approval of further permanent rate recovery plans, and related legal or regulatory proceedings;mechanisms;
the ability to successfully operate the electric utilities' generating, transmission, and distribution facilities and Southern Company Gas' natural gas distribution and storage facilities and the successful performance of necessary corporate functions;
legal proceedings and regulatory approvals and actions related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, including Georgia PSC approvals and NRC actions;

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
(continued)
if certain adverse events were to occur, a decision by more than 10% of the owners of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 not to proceed with construction;
litigation related to the Kemper County energy facility;
the inherent risks involved in operating and constructing nuclear generating facilities, including environmental, health, regulatory, natural disaster, terrorism, and financial risks;
the inherent risks involved in transporting and storing natural gas;
the performance of projects undertaken by the non-utility businesses and the success of efforts to invest in and develop new opportunities;
internal restructuring or other restructuring options that may be pursued;
potential business strategies, including acquisitions or dispositions of assets or businesses, including the proposed disposition by a wholly-owned subsidiary of Southern Company Gas of Elizabethtown Gas and Elkton Gas, the proposed disposition by Southern Company Gas of Pivotal Home Solutions, and the potential sale of a 33% equity interest in substantially all of Southern Power's solar assets, which cannot be assured to be completed or beneficial to Southern Company or its subsidiaries;
the possibility that the anticipated benefits from the Merger cannot be fully realized or may take longer to realize than expected and the possibility that costs related to the integration of Southern Company and Southern Company Gas will be greater than expected, the ability to retain and hire key personnel and maintain relationships with customers, suppliers, or other business partners, and the diversion of management time on integration-related issues;expected;
the ability of counterparties of Southern Company and its subsidiaries to make payments as and when due and to perform as required;
the ability to obtain new short- and long-term contracts with wholesale customers;
the direct or indirect effect on the Southern Company system's business resulting from cyber intrusion or terrorist incidentsphysical attack and the threat of terrorist incidents;physical attacks;
interest rate fluctuations and financial market conditions and the results of financing efforts;
changes in Southern Company's and any of its subsidiaries' credit ratings, including impacts on interest rates, access to capital markets, and collateral requirements;
the impacts of any sovereign financial issues, including impacts on interest rates, access to capital markets, impacts on foreign currency exchange rates, counterparty performance, and the economy in general, as well as potential impacts on the benefits of the DOE loan guarantees;
the ability of Southern Company's electric utilities to obtain additional generating capacity (or sell excess generating capacity) at competitive prices;
catastrophic events such as fires, earthquakes, explosions, floods, tornadoes, hurricanes and other storms, droughts, pandemic health events such as influenzas, or other similar occurrences;
the direct or indirect effects on the Southern Company system's business resulting from incidents affecting the U.S. electric grid, natural gas pipeline infrastructure, or operation of generating or storage resources;
impairments of goodwill or long-lived assets;
the effect of accounting pronouncements issued periodically by standard-setting bodies; and
other factors discussed elsewhere herein and in other reports (including the Form 10-K) filed by the registrants from time to time with the SEC.
The registrants expressly disclaim any obligation to update any forward-looking statements.


THE SOUTHERN COMPANY
AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

THE SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017
(in millions) (in millions)(in millions)
Operating Revenues:          
Retail electric revenues$3,777
 $3,748
 $7,171
 $7,124
$3,568
 $3,394
Wholesale electric revenues618
 446
 1,149
 842
619
 531
Other electric revenues167
 166
 342
 348
165
 175
Natural gas revenues684
 
 2,214
 
Natural gas revenues (includes alternative revenue programs of
$(24) and $9, respectively)
1,607
 1,530
Other revenues184
 99
 326
 137
413
 141
Total operating revenues5,430
 4,459
 11,202
 8,451
6,372
 5,771
Operating Expenses:          
Fuel1,092
 1,023
 2,088
 1,934
1,101
 996
Purchased power211
 189
 390
 354
267
 179
Cost of natural gas232
 
 951
 
720
 719
Cost of other sales114
 58
 203
 77
289
 88
Other operations and maintenance1,301
 1,099
 2,631
 2,206
1,451
 1,383
Depreciation and amortization754
 569
 1,469
 1,110
769
 716
Taxes other than income taxes308
 255
 638
 511
355
 330
Estimated loss on Kemper IGCC3,012
 81
 3,120
 134
44
 108
Total operating expenses7,024
 3,274
 11,490
 6,326
4,996
 4,519
Operating Income (Loss)(1,594) 1,185
 (288) 2,125
Operating Income1,376
 1,252
Other Income and (Expense):          
Allowance for equity funds used during construction58
 45
 115
 98
30
 57
Earnings (loss) from equity method investments28
 (1) 67
 (1)
Earnings from equity method investments41
 39
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(424) (293) (840) (539)(458) (416)
Other income (expense), net(3) (28) (11) (56)60
 48
Total other income and (expense)(341) (277) (669) (498)(327) (272)
Earnings (Loss) Before Income Taxes(1,935) 908
 (957) 1,627
Income taxes (benefit)(587) 261
 (273) 479
Consolidated Net Income (Loss)(1,348) 647
 (684) 1,148
Less:       
Earnings Before Income Taxes1,049
 980
Income taxes113
 315
Consolidated Net Income936
 665
Dividends on preferred and preference stock of subsidiaries11
 12
 22
 23
4
 11
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests22
 12
 17
 13
Consolidated Net Income (Loss) Attributable to
Southern Company
$(1,381) $623
 $(723) $1,112
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(6) (4)
Consolidated Net Income Attributable to
Southern Company
$938
 $658
Common Stock Data:          
Earnings (loss) per share —       
Earnings per share —   
Basic$(1.38) $0.67
 $(0.73) $1.20
$0.93
 $0.66
Diluted$(1.37) $0.66
 $(0.72) $1.20
$0.92
 $0.66
Average number of shares of common stock outstanding (in millions)          
Basic998
 934
 996
 925
1,011
 993
Diluted1,005
 940
 1,003
 931
1,016
 1,000
Cash dividends paid per share of common stock$0.5800
 $0.5600
 $1.1400
 $1.1025
$0.58
 $0.56
The accompanying notes as they relate to Southern Company are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


THE SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
 For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
 (in millions) (in millions)
Consolidated Net Income (Loss)$(1,348) $647
 $(684) $1,148
Other comprehensive income (loss):       
Qualifying hedges:       
Changes in fair value, net of tax of
$23, $(13), $17, and $(85), respectively
38
 (20) 29
 (137)
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net income,
net of tax of $(25), $10, $(26), and $11, respectively
(41) 16
 (42) 18
Pension and other postretirement benefit plans:       
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net income,
net of tax of $1, $-, $1, and $1, respectively
1
 1
 2
 2
Total other comprehensive income (loss)(2) (3) (11) (117)
Comprehensive Income (Loss)(1,350) 644
 (695) 1,031
Less:       
Dividends on preferred and preference stock of subsidiaries11
 12
 22
 23
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests22
 12
 17
 13
Consolidated Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to
   Southern Company
$(1,383) $620
 $(734) $995
 For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
 2018 2017
 (in millions)
Consolidated Net Income$936
 $665
Other comprehensive income (loss):   
Qualifying hedges:   
Changes in fair value, net of tax of $16 and $(5), respectively47
 (9)
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net income,
net of tax of $(6) and $(1), respectively
(19) (1)
Pension and other postretirement benefit plans:   
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net income,
net of tax of $- and $-, respectively
2
 1
Total other comprehensive income (loss)30
 (9)
Comprehensive Income966
 656
Dividends on preferred and preference stock of subsidiaries4
 11
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(6) (4)
Consolidated Comprehensive Income Attributable to Southern Company$968
 $649
The accompanying notes as they relate to Southern Company are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


THE SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 20162018 2017
(in millions)(in millions)
Operating Activities:      
Consolidated net income (loss)$(684) $1,148
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income (loss) to net cash provided from operating activities —    
Consolidated net income$936
 $665
Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided from operating activities —    
Depreciation and amortization, total1,683
 1,306
873
 823
Deferred income taxes(270) 279
34
 161
Allowance for equity funds used during construction(115) (98)(30) (57)
Pension, postretirement, and other employee benefits(83) (56)
Settlement of asset retirement obligations(87) (66)
Stock based compensation expense73
 69
69
 61
Hedge settlements1
 (201)
Estimated loss on Kemper IGCC3,120
 134
37
 108
Income taxes receivable, non-current(58) 
Mark-to-market adjustments(60) (81)
Other, net(63) 63
6
 (10)
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities —      
-Receivables110
 (197)197
 310
-Prepayments(61) (28)(82) (111)
-Fossil fuel for generation6
 70
-Natural gas for sale, net of temporary LIFO liquidation223
 
413
 411
-Other current assets(36) (25)7
 (31)
-Accounts payable(353) (71)(425) (533)
-Accrued taxes(132) 74
(79) (212)
-Accrued compensation(331) (222)(471) (438)
-Retail fuel cost over recovery(187) (54)3
 (122)
-Other current liabilities(14) 15
81
 (48)
Net cash provided from operating activities2,742
 2,140
1,509
 896
Investing Activities:      
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired(1,062) (897)(46) (1,004)
Property additions(3,398) (3,486)(1,781) (1,488)
Investment in restricted cash(16) (8,608)
Distribution of restricted cash27
 649
Nuclear decommissioning trust fund purchases(388) (585)(306) (224)
Nuclear decommissioning trust fund sales383
 580
301
 218
Asset dispositions135
 64
Cost of removal, net of salvage(128) (99)(79) (61)
Change in construction payables, net(117) (260)(112) (170)
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiaries(116) 
(30) (81)
Payments pursuant to LTSAs(132) (82)(73) (55)
Other investing activities58
 113
(4) 4
Net cash used for investing activities(4,889) (12,675)(1,995) (2,797)
Financing Activities:      
Increase in notes payable, net30
 471
782
 573
Proceeds —      
Long-term debt2,958
 12,038
600
 1,409
Common stock417
 1,383
113
 186
Short-term borrowings1,004
 
1,200
 4
Redemptions and repurchases —      
Long-term debt(1,478) (1,272)(1,283) (608)
Preference stock(150) 
Short-term borrowings
 (475)(150) 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests(40) (11)(13) (18)
Capital contributions from noncontrolling interests73
 179
8
 71
Purchase of membership interests from noncontrolling interests
 (129)
Payment of common stock dividends(1,134) (1,023)(586) (556)
Other financing activities(75) (133)(42) (36)
Net cash provided from financing activities1,605
 11,028
629
 1,025
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents(542) 493
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period1,975
 1,404
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period$1,433
 $1,897
Net Change in Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash143
 (876)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at Beginning of Period2,147
 1,992
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at End of Period$2,290
 $1,116
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:      
Cash paid (received) during the period for —      
Interest (net of $55 and $61 capitalized for 2017 and 2016, respectively)$833
 $458
Interest (net of $17 and $25 capitalized for 2018 and 2017, respectively)$499
 $461
Income taxes, net1
 (138)(1) (6)
Noncash transactions — Accrued property additions at end of period629
 549
894
 578
The accompanying notes as they relate to Southern Company are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

THE SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
 
Assets At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Current Assets:        
Cash and cash equivalents $1,433
 $1,975
 $2,284
 $2,130
Receivables —        
Customer accounts receivable 1,600
 1,565
 1,683
 1,806
Energy marketing receivables 482
 623
 448
 607
Unbilled revenues 593
 706
 777
 810
Under recovered regulatory clause revenues 26
 18
Income taxes receivable, current 544
 544
Under recovered fuel clause revenues 156
 171
Other accounts and notes receivable 513
 377
 703
 698
Accumulated provision for uncollectible accounts (52) (43) (54) (44)
Materials and supplies 1,461
 1,462
 1,430
 1,438
Fossil fuel for generation 624
 689
 565
 594
Natural gas for sale 477
 631
 235
 595
Prepaid expenses 361
 364
 432
 452
Other regulatory assets, current 569
 581
 579
 604
Other current assets 206
 230
 286
 211
Total current assets 8,837
 9,722
 9,524
 10,072
Property, Plant, and Equipment:        
In service 101,021
 98,416
 104,499
 103,542
Less: Accumulated depreciation 30,667
 29,852
 31,920
 31,457
Plant in service, net of depreciation 70,354
 68,564
 72,579
 72,085
Nuclear fuel, at amortized cost 892
 905
 908
 883
Construction work in progress 7,440
 8,977
 7,460
 6,904
Total property, plant, and equipment 78,686
 78,446
 80,947
 79,872
Other Property and Investments:        
Goodwill 6,271
 6,251
 6,226
 6,268
Equity investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries 1,632
 1,549
 1,542
 1,513
Other intangible assets, net of amortization of $126 and $62
at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively
 929
 970
Other intangible assets, net of amortization of $212 and $186
at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively
 848
 873
Nuclear decommissioning trusts, at fair value 1,722
 1,606
 1,827
 1,832
Leveraged leases 782
 774
 781
 775
Miscellaneous property and investments 230
 270
 250
 249
Total other property and investments 11,566
 11,420
 11,474
 11,510
Deferred Charges and Other Assets:        
Deferred charges related to income taxes 1,325
 1,629
 818
 825
Unamortized loss on reacquired debt 215
 223
 203
 206
Other regulatory assets, deferred 6,668
 6,851
 6,948
 6,943
Other deferred charges and assets 1,387
 1,406
 1,653
 1,577
Total deferred charges and other assets 9,595
 10,109
 9,622
 9,551
Total Assets $108,684
 $109,697
 $111,567
 $111,005
The accompanying notes as they relate to Southern Company are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


THE SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
 
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Current Liabilities:        
Securities due within one year $3,031
 $2,587
 $3,235
 $3,892
Notes payable 3,274
 2,241
 4,271
 2,439
Energy marketing trade payables 534
 597
 437
 546
Accounts payable 1,920
 2,228
 2,089
 2,530
Customer deposits 546
 558
 530
 542
Accrued taxes —    
Accrued income taxes 125
 193
Unrecognized tax benefits 400
 385
Other accrued taxes 490
 667
Accrued taxes 368
 636
Accrued interest 508
 518
 432
 488
Accrued compensation 584
 915
 493
 959
Asset retirement obligations, current 300
 378
 301
 351
Liabilities from risk management activities, net of collateral 71
 107
Acquisitions payable 
 489
Other regulatory liabilities, current 169
 236
 551
 337
Other current liabilities 799
 818
 923
 874
Total current liabilities 12,751
 12,917
 13,630
 13,594
Long-term Debt 43,885
 42,629
 44,446
 44,462
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:        
Accumulated deferred income taxes 13,529
 14,092
 6,930
 6,842
Deferred credits related to income taxes 212
 219
 7,179
 7,256
Accumulated deferred ITCs 2,301
 2,228
 2,362
 2,267
Employee benefit obligations 2,156
 2,299
 2,206
 2,256
Asset retirement obligations, deferred 4,297
 4,136
 4,536
 4,473
Accrued environmental remediation 399
 397
 378
 389
Other cost of removal obligations 2,706
 2,748
 2,667
 2,684
Other regulatory liabilities, deferred 233
 258
 224
 239
Other deferred credits and liabilities 805
 880
 660
 691
Total deferred credits and other liabilities 26,638
 27,257
 27,142
 27,097
Total Liabilities 83,274
 82,803
 85,218
 85,153
Redeemable Preferred Stock of Subsidiaries 118
 118
 324
 324
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests 51
 164
Stockholders' Equity:        
Common Stockholders' Equity:        
Common stock, par value $5 per share —        
Authorized — 1.5 billion shares        
Issued — June 30, 2017: 1.0 billion shares    
— December 31, 2016: 991 million shares    
Treasury — June 30, 2017: 0.9 million shares    
— December 31, 2016: 0.8 million shares    
Issued — 1.0 billion shares    
Treasury — March 31, 2018: 1.0 million shares    
— December 31, 2017: 0.9 million shares    
Par value 4,997
 4,952
 5,054
 5,038
Paid-in capital 10,106
 9,661
 10,603
 10,469
Treasury, at cost (34) (31) (38) (36)
Retained earnings 8,494
 10,356
 9,257
 8,885
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (191) (180) (200) (189)
Total Common Stockholders' Equity 23,372
 24,758
 24,676
 24,167
Preferred and Preference Stock of Subsidiaries 462
 609
Noncontrolling Interests 1,407
 1,245
 1,349
 1,361
Total Stockholders' Equity 25,241
 26,612
 26,025
 25,528
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity $108,684
 $109,697
 $111,567
 $111,005
The accompanying notes as they relate to Southern Company are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

SECONDFIRST QUARTER 20172018 vs. SECONDFIRST QUARTER 2016
AND
YEAR-TO-DATE 2017 vs. YEAR-TO-DATE 2016


OVERVIEW
Southern Company is a holding company that owns all of the common stock of the traditional electric operating companies and the parent entities of Southern Power and Southern Company Gas and owns other direct and indirect subsidiaries. Discussion of the results of operations is focused on the Southern Company system's primary businesses of electricity sales by the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power and the distribution of natural gas by Southern Company Gas. The four traditional electric operating companies are vertically integrated utilities providing electric service in four Southeastern states. Southern Power develops, constructs, acquires, owns, and manages power generation assets, including renewable energy projects, and sells electricity at market-based rates in the wholesale market. Southern Company Gas distributes natural gas through natural gas distribution utilities in seven states and is involved in several other complementary businesses including gas marketing services, wholesale gas services, and gas midstream operations. Southern Company's other business activities include providing energy technologies and services to electric utilities and large industrial, commercial, institutional, and municipal customers. Customer solutions include distributed generation systems, utility infrastructure solutions, and energy efficiency products and services. Other business activities also include investments in telecommunications, leveraged lease projects, and gas storage facilities. For additional information, see BUSINESS – "The Southern Company System – Traditional Electric Operating Companies," " – Southern Power," " – Southern Company Gas," and " – Other Businesses" in Item 1 of the Form 10-K. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL herein for information regarding agreements entered into by Southern Company Gas to sell two of its natural gas distribution utilities and Pivotal Home Solutions.
Alabama Power, Georgia Power, and Gulf Power recently reached agreements with their respective state PSCs relating to the regulatory impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation, which include capital structure adjustments expected to help mitigate the potential adverse impacts to certain of their credit metrics. In addition, Mississippi Power, Atlanta Gas Light, and Nicor Gas have each made filings with their respective state PSC or other regulatory agency relating to the Tax Reform Legislation and are awaiting final approval. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters" herein for additional information regarding state PSC or other regulatory agency actions related to the Tax Reform Legislation. Also see MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Credit Rating Risk" and Note (H) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding the Tax Reform Legislation.
Southern Company continues to focus on several key performance indicators. These indicators include, but are not limited to, customer satisfaction, plant availability, electric and natural gas system reliability, execution of major construction projects, and earnings per share.
Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 Status
In 2009, the Georgia PSC certified construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. In 2012, the NRC issued the related combined construction and operating licenses, which allowed full construction of the two AP1000 nuclear units (with electric generating capacity of approximately 1,100 MWs each) and related facilities to begin. Until March 2017, construction on Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 continued under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, which was a substantially fixed price agreement. In March 2017, the EPC Contractor filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code.
In connection with the EPC Contractor's bankruptcy filing, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, entered into the Interim Assessment Agreement with the EPC Contractor to allow construction to continue. The Interim Assessment Agreement expired in July 2017 when the Vogtle Services Agreement became effective. In August 2017, following completion of comprehensive cost to complete and cancellation cost assessments, Georgia Power filed its seventeenth VCM report with the Georgia PSC, which included a

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recommendation to continue construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, with Southern Nuclear serving as project manager and Bechtel serving as the primary construction contractor. In December 2017, the Georgia PSC approved Georgia Power's recommendation to continue construction.
Georgia Power expects Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 to be placed in service by November 2021 and November 2022, respectively. Georgia Power's capital cost forecast for its 45.7% proportionate share of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 is $8.8 billion ($7.3 billion after reflecting $1.7 billion received from Toshiba in 2017 under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement and $188 million in Customer Refunds recognized as a regulatory liability in 2017). Georgia Power's CWIP balance for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 was $3.6 billion at March 31, 2018, which is net of the Guarantee Settlement Agreement payments less the Customer Refunds. Georgia Power estimates that its financing costs for construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 will total approximately $3.1 billion, of which $1.6 billion had been incurred through March 31, 2018.
See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Construction ProgramNuclear Construction" herein for additional information.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Income
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$280 42.6
Consolidated net income attributable to Southern Company was $938 million ($0.93 per share) for the first quarter 2018 compared to $658 million ($0.66 per share) for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to a lower federal income tax rate as a result of the Tax Reform Legislation and net state income tax benefits arising from the reorganization of Southern Power's legal entities, as well as higher retail electric revenues due to colder weather, partially offset by reductions in retail revenues related to the regulatory treatment of the Tax Reform Legislation impacts.
Retail Electric Revenues
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$174 5.1
In the first quarter 2018, retail electric revenues were $3.6 billion compared to $3.4 billion for the corresponding period in 2017.
Details of the changes in retail electric revenues were as follows:
  First Quarter 2018
  (in millions) (% change)
Retail electric – prior year $3,394
  
Estimated change resulting from –    
Rates and pricing (103) (3.0)
Sales growth 26
 0.8
Weather 144
 4.2
Fuel and other cost recovery 107
 3.1
Retail electric – current year $3,568
 5.1 %

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FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Revenues associated with changes in rates and pricing decreased in the first quarter 2018 when compared to the corresponding period in 2017 primarily due to revenues deferred as regulatory liabilities for future adjustments to customer billings related to the Tax Reform Legislation, as well as the rate pricing effect of increased customer usage at Georgia Power. The decrease in revenues also reflects a decrease in the recovery of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 construction financing costs under the NCCR tariff at Georgia Power, also primarily related to the Tax Reform Legislation. These decreases were partially offset by higher contributions from variable demand-driven pricing from commercial and industrial customers at Georgia Power.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Alabama Power" and " Georgia Power Rate Plans" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information.
Revenues attributable to changes in sales increased in the first quarter 2018 when compared to the corresponding period in 2017. Weather-adjusted residential KWH sales and weather-adjusted commercial KWH sales increased 1.1% and 1.2%, respectively, in the first quarter 2018 primarily due to customer growth. Industrial KWH sales increased 2.6% in the first quarter 2018, primarily in the primary metals and chemicals sectors, partially offset by decreased sales in the paper sector.
Fuel and other cost recovery revenues increased $107 million in the first quarter 2018 when compared to the corresponding period in 2017 primarily due to higher energy sales resulting from colder weather. Electric rates for the traditional electric operating companies include provisions to adjust billings for fluctuations in fuel costs, including the energy component of purchased power costs. Under these provisions, fuel revenues generally equal fuel expenses, including the energy component of PPA costs, and do not affect net income. The traditional electric operating companies each have one or more regulatory mechanisms to recover other costs such as environmental and other compliance costs, storm damage, new plants, and PPA capacity costs.
Wholesale Electric Revenues
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$88 16.6
Wholesale electric revenues consist of PPAs primarily with investor-owned utilities and electric cooperatives and short-term opportunity sales. Wholesale electric revenues from PPAs (other than solar and wind PPAs) have both capacity and energy components. Capacity revenues generally represent the greatest contribution to net income and are designed to provide recovery of fixed costs plus a return on investment. Energy revenues will vary depending on fuel prices, the market prices of wholesale energy compared to the Southern Company system's generation, demand for energy within the Southern Company system's electric service territory, and the availability of the Southern Company system's generation. Increases and decreases in energy revenues that are driven by fuel prices are accompanied by an increase or decrease in fuel costs and do not have a significant impact on net income. Energy sales from solar and wind PPAs do not have a capacity charge and customers either purchase the energy output of a dedicated renewable facility through an energy charge or through a fixed price related to the energy. As a result, Southern Company's ability to recover fixed and variable operations and maintenance expenses is dependent upon the level of energy generated from these facilities, which can be impacted by weather conditions, equipment performance, transmission constraints, and other factors. Wholesale electric revenues at Mississippi Power include FERC-regulated municipal and rural association sales as well as market-based sales. Short-term opportunity sales are made at market-based rates that generally provide a margin above the Southern Company system's variable cost to produce the energy.
In the first quarter 2018, wholesale electric revenues were $619 million compared to $531 million for the corresponding period in 2017. This increase was primarily related to a $91 million increase in energy revenues, partially offset by a $3 million decrease in capacity revenues. The increase in energy revenues primarily relates to Southern Power and includes an increase in fuel costs that are contractually recovered through PPAs and new

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

natural gas PPAs related to existing facilities. Additionally, the increase in energy revenues is due to increased demand related to colder weather in the first quarter 2018 compared to the corresponding period in 2017.
Natural Gas Revenues
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$77 5.0
In the first quarter 2018, natural gas revenues were $1.6 billion compared to $1.5 billion for the corresponding period in 2017.
Details of the changes in natural gas revenues were as follows:
  First Quarter 2018
  (in millions) (% change)
Natural gas – prior year $1,530
  
Estimated change resulting from –    
Infrastructure replacement programs and base rate increases 47
 3.0 %
Tax reform regulatory liabilities (37) (2.4)
Gas costs and other cost recovery 1
 0.1
Weather 8
 0.5
Wholesale gas services 35
 2.3
Other 23
 1.5
Natural gas – current year $1,607
 5.0 %
The increase in natural gas revenues is primarily due to infrastructure investments recovered through replacement programs and increases in base rate revenues at the natural gas distribution utilities, an increase in commercial activity at Southern Company Gas' wholesale gas services business, colder weather, fixed and guaranteed bill revenue at Southern Company Gas' gas marketing services business as a result of adopting a new revenue recognition standard, and an increase in revenues resulting from the Dalton Pipeline being placed in service. These increases were partially offset by revenues deferred as regulatory liabilities for expected adjustments to customer billings as a result of the regulatory treatment of the Tax Reform Legislation impacts.
Natural gas distribution rates include provisions to adjust billings for fluctuations in natural gas costs. Therefore, gas costs recovered through natural gas revenues generally equal the amount expensed in cost of natural gas and do not affect net income from gas distribution operations.
See Notes (A) and (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein under "Recently Adopted Accounting Standards – Revenue" and "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas," respectively, for additional information.
Other Revenues
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$272 192.9
In the first quarter 2018, other revenues were $413 million compared to $141 million for the corresponding period in 2017. This increase was primarily due to PowerSecure's storm restoration services in Puerto Rico.

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Fuel and Purchased Power Expenses
  First Quarter 2018
vs.
First Quarter 2017
  (change in millions) (% change)
Fuel $105
 10.5
Purchased power 88
 49.2
Total fuel and purchased power expenses $193
  
In the first quarter 2018, total fuel and purchased power expenses were $1.4 billion compared to $1.2 billion for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily the result of a $147 million increase in the volume of KWHs generated and purchased and a $46 million increase in the average cost of fuel and purchased power.
Fuel and purchased power energy transactions at the traditional electric operating companies are generally offset by fuel revenues and do not have a significant impact on net income. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Regulatory MattersFuel Cost Recovery" herein for additional information. Fuel expenses incurred under Southern Power's PPAs are generally the responsibility of the counterparties and do not significantly impact net income.
Details of the Southern Company system's generation and purchased power were as follows:
  
First Quarter
2018
 
First Quarter
2017
Total generation (in billions of KWHs)
 48 44
Total purchased power (in billions of KWHs)
 5 4
Sources of generation (percent) —
    
Gas 45 46
Coal 29 29
Nuclear 16 17
Hydro 4 2
Other 6 6
Cost of fuel, generated (in cents per net KWH) 
    
Gas 2.85 2.92
Coal 2.90 2.88
Nuclear 0.78 0.79
Average cost of fuel, generated (in cents per net KWH)
 2.50 2.50
Average cost of purchased power (in cents per net KWH)(*)
 6.33 5.10
(*)Average cost of purchased power includes fuel purchased by the Southern Company system for tolling agreements where power is generated by the provider.
Fuel
In the first quarter 2018, fuel expense was $1.1 billion compared to $1.0 billion for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to a 14.2% increase in the volume of KWHs generated by natural gas and a 10.8% increase in the volume of KWHs generated by coal, partially offset by a 2.4% decrease in the average cost of natural gas per KWH generated.

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Purchased Power
In the first quarter 2018, purchased power expense was $267 million compared to $179 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to a 24.1% increase in the average cost per KWH purchased and a 14.0% increase in the volume of KWHs purchased.
Energy purchases will vary depending on demand for energy within the Southern Company system's electric service territory, the market prices of wholesale energy as compared to the cost of the Southern Company system's generation, and the availability of the Southern Company system's generation.
Cost of Other Sales
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$201 228.4
In the first quarter 2018, cost of other sales was $289 million compared to $88 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase primarily reflects costs related to PowerSecure's storm restoration services in Puerto Rico.
Other Operations and Maintenance Expenses
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$68 4.9
In the first quarter 2018, other operations and maintenance expenses were $1.45 billion compared to $1.38 billion for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to a $42 million goodwill impairment charge recorded at Southern Company Gas in contemplation of the proposed sale of Pivotal Home Solutions. Additionally, the increase is related to a $28 million increase in employee compensation and benefits, including pension costs, a $19 million decrease in gains from sales of integrated transmission system assets at Georgia Power, and a $12 million increase at Southern Company Gas to align paid time off with the Southern Company system's policy. These increases were partially offset by $32.5 million resulting from the write-down of Gulf Power's ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3 in the first quarter 2017 in accordance with a settlement agreement approved by the Florida PSC in April 2017 (2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement).
See Notes (A) and (J) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets" and "Southern Company Gas – Proposed Sale of Pivotal Home Solutions," respectively, herein for additional information regarding the proposed sale of Pivotal Home Solutions and Note (G) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information on pension costs. Also, see Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Gulf Power – Retail Base Rate Cases" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the 2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement.
Depreciation and Amortization
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$53 7.4
In the first quarter 2018, depreciation and amortization was $769 million compared to $716 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase reflects $34 million related to additional plant in service and also reflects a $25.5 million reduction in depreciation credits recorded in the first quarter 2017 as authorized in Gulf Power's 2013 rate case settlement.

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See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Gulf Power – Retail Base Rate Cases" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Taxes Other Than Income Taxes
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$25 7.6
In the first quarter 2018, taxes other than income taxes were $355 million compared to $330 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to increased municipal franchise fees and property taxes at Georgia Power and increased revenue tax expenses and payroll taxes related to aligning paid time off at Southern Company Gas with the Southern Company system's policy.
Estimated Loss on Kemper IGCC
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(64) (59.3)
Estimated losses on the Kemper IGCC of $44 million were recorded in the first quarter 2018 resulting from the abandonment and related closure activities for the mine and gasifier-related assets as compared to $108 million for the corresponding period in 2017 related to revisions to the estimated construction costs prior to the June 2017 project suspension.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Kemper County Energy Facility" herein for additional information.
Allowance for Equity Funds Used During Construction
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(27) (47.4)
In the first quarter 2018, AFUDC equity was $30 million compared to $57 million in the corresponding period in 2017. This decrease primarily resulted from Mississippi Power's suspension of the Kemper IGCC construction in June 2017.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Kemper County Energy Facility" herein for additional information.
Interest Expense, Net of Amounts Capitalized
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$42 10.1
In the first quarter 2018, interest expense, net of amounts capitalized was $458 million compared to $416 million in the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was largely due to an increase in average outstanding long-term debt, primarily at the parent company and Southern Company Gas.

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See Note 6 to the financial statements of Southern Company in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (F) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information.
Other Income (Expense), Net
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$12 25.0
In the first quarter 2018, other income (expense), net was $60 million compared to $48 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to a gain from the settlement of a contractor litigation claim at Southern Company Gas.
Income Taxes
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(202) (64.1)
In the first quarter 2018, income taxes were $113 million compared to $315 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The decrease was primarily due to a lower federal income tax rate as a result of the Tax Reform Legislation, as well as net state income tax benefits arising from the reorganization of Southern Power's legal entities holding its solar facilities.
See Note (H) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information.
Dividends on Preferred and Preference Stock of Subsidiaries
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(7) (63.6)
In the first quarter 2018, dividends on preferred and preference stock of subsidiaries was $4 million compared to $11 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The decrease was due to the 2017 redemptions of all outstanding shares of preferred and preference stock at Georgia Power and preference stock at Gulf Power.
See Note 6 the financial statements of Southern Company under "Redeemable Preferred Stock of Subsidiaries" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL
The results of operations discussed above are not necessarily indicative of Southern Company's future earnings potential. The level of Southern Company's future earnings depends on numerous factors that affect the opportunities, challenges, and risks of the Southern Company system's primary businesses of selling electricity and distributing natural gas. These factors include the traditional electric operating companies' and the natural gas distribution utilities' ability to maintain a constructive regulatory environment that allows for the timely recovery of prudently-incurred costs during a time of increasing costs and limited projected demand growth over the next several years. Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 construction and rate recovery and the profitability of Southern Power's competitive wholesale business and successful additional investments in renewable and other energy projects are also major factors.
Future earnings for the electricity and natural gas businesses will be driven primarily by customer growth. Earnings in the electricity business will also depend upon maintaining and growing sales, considering, among other things, the adoption and/or penetration rates of increasingly energy-efficient technologies, increasing volumes of electronic

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commerce transactions, and higher multi-family home construction, all of which could contribute to a net reduction in customer usage. Earnings for both the electricity and natural gas businesses are subject to a variety of other factors. These factors include weather, competition, new energy contracts with other utilities and other wholesale customers, energy conservation practiced by customers, the use of alternative energy sources by customers, the prices of electricity and natural gas, the price elasticity of demand, and the rate of economic growth or decline in the service territory. In addition, the level of future earnings for the wholesale electric business also depends on numerous factors including regulatory matters, creditworthiness of customers, total electric generating capacity available and related costs, future acquisitions and construction of electric generating facilities, the impact of tax credits from renewable energy projects, and the successful remarketing of capacity as current contracts expire. Demand for electricity and natural gas is primarily driven by the pace of economic growth that may be affected by changes in regional and global economic conditions, which may impact future earnings. In addition, the volatility of natural gas prices has a significant impact on the natural gas distribution utilities' customer rates, long-term competitive position against other energy sources, and the ability of Southern Company Gas' gas marketing services and wholesale gas services businesses to capture value from locational and seasonal spreads. Additionally, changes in commodity prices subject a significant portion of Southern Company Gas' operations to earnings variability.
As part of its ongoing effort to adapt to changing market conditions, Southern Company continues to evaluate and consider a wide array of potential business strategies. These strategies may include business combinations, partnerships, and acquisitions involving other utility or non-utility businesses or properties, disposition of certain assets or businesses, internal restructuring, or some combination thereof. Furthermore, Southern Company may engage in new business ventures that arise from competitive and regulatory changes in the utility industry. Pursuit of any of the above strategies, or any combination thereof, may significantly affect the business operations, risks, and financial condition of Southern Company.
In October 2017, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Southern Company Gas entered into agreements for the sale of the assets of two of its natural gas distribution utilities, Elizabethtown Gas and Elkton Gas, to South Jersey Industries, Inc. for a total cash purchase price of $1.7 billion. As of March 31, 2018, the net book value of the assets to be disposed of in the sale was approximately $1.5 billion, which includes approximately $0.5 billion of goodwill. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes and, as a result, a deferred tax liability has not yet been provided. Through the completion of the asset sales, Southern Company Gas intends to invest approximately $0.1 billion in capital additions required for ordinary business operations of these assets. The completion of each asset sale is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, including, among other customary closing conditions, the receipt of required regulatory approvals, including the FERC, the New Jersey BPU, and, with respect to the sale of Elkton Gas, the Maryland PSC. Southern Company Gas and South Jersey Industries, Inc. made joint filings in December 2017 and on January 16, 2018 with the New Jersey BPU and the Maryland PSC, respectively, requesting regulatory approval. The asset sales are expected to be completed by the end of the third quarter 2018.
On April 11, 2018, Southern Company Gas and its subsidiary Pivotal Home Solutions entered into a stock purchase agreement with American Water Enterprises LLC for the sale of Pivotal Home Solutions for a purchase price of approximately $365 million, including estimated working capital. In contemplation of the transaction, a goodwill impairment charge of $42 million was recorded as of March 31, 2018. The remaining goodwill of $242 million is not deductible for tax purposes and, as a result, a deferred tax liability has not been provided. The completion of this transaction is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, including, among other customary closing conditions, approval from the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation and the expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976. The transaction is expected to be completed by the end of the second quarter 2018.
In addition, Southern Power is pursuing the sale of a 33% equity interest in a newly-formed holding company owning substantially all of Southern Power's solar facilities, including certain subsidiaries owned in partnership with various third parties. If successful, the sale is expected to close in mid-2018.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.

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For additional information relating to these issues, see RISK FACTORS in Item 1A and MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K.
Environmental Matters
The Southern Company system's operations are regulated by state and federal environmental agencies through a variety of laws and regulations governing air, water, land, and protection of other natural resources. The Southern Company system maintains comprehensive environmental compliance and greenhouse gas (GHG) strategies to assess upcoming requirements and compliance costs associated with these environmental laws and regulations. The costs, including capital expenditures and operations and maintenance costs, required to comply with environmental laws and regulations and to achieve stated goals may impact future unit retirement and replacement decisions, results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Related costs may result from the installation of additional environmental controls, closure and monitoring of CCR facilities, unit retirements, and adding or changing fuel sources for certain existing units, as well as related upgrades to the transmission system. A major portion of these costs are expected to be recovered through existing ratemaking provisions. The ultimate impact of environmental laws and regulations and the GHG goals discussed below will depend on various factors, such as state adoption and implementation of requirements, the availability and cost of any deployed control technology, and the outcome of pending and/or future legal challenges.
New or revised environmental laws and regulations could affect many areas of the traditional electric operating companies', Southern Power's, and the natural gas distribution utilities' operations. The impact of any such changes cannot be determined at this time. Environmental compliance costs could affect earnings if such costs cannot continue to be fully recovered in rates on a timely basis for the traditional electric operating companies and the natural gas distribution utilities or through long-term wholesale agreements for the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power. Further, increased costs that are recovered through regulated rates could contribute to reduced demand for electricity and natural gas, which could negatively affect results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Additionally, many commercial and industrial customers may also be affected by existing and future environmental requirements, which for some may have the potential to ultimately affect their demand for electricity and natural gas. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters" of Southern Company in Item 7 and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Environmental Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Environmental Laws and Regulations
Coal Combustion Residuals
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Environmental Matters – Environmental Laws and Regulations – Coal Combustion Residuals" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the Disposal of Coal Combustion Residuals from Electric Utilities rule (CCR Rule).
Consistent with the EPA's announced plans to reconsider certain portions of the CCR Rule, on March 15, 2018, the EPA published the first of two proposed coal ash rules it plans to finalize by no later than December 2019. The impact of any changes to the CCR Rule will depend on the content of the final rule and the outcome of any legal challenges and cannot be determined at this time.
Global Climate Issues
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Environmental Matters – Global Climate Issues" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding domestic GHG policies.
Through 2017, the Southern Company system has achieved an estimated GHG emission reduction of 36% since 2007. In April 2018, Southern Company established an intermediate goal of a 50% reduction in carbon emissions

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from 2007 levels by 2030 and a long-term goal of low- to no-carbon operations by 2050. To achieve these goals, the Southern Company system expects to continue growing its renewable energy portfolio, optimize technology advancements to modernize its transmission and distribution systems, increase the use of natural gas for generation, complete construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, invest in energy efficiency, and continue research and development efforts focused on technologies to lower GHG emissions. The Southern Company system's ability to achieve these goals also will be dependent on many external factors, including supportive national energy policies, low natural gas prices, and the development, deployment, and advancement of relevant energy technologies. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Regulatory Matters
Fuel Cost Recovery
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Regulatory Matters Fuel Cost Recovery" of Southern Company in Item 7 and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Alabama Power – Rate ECR" and "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Fuel Cost Recovery" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding fuel cost recovery for the traditional electric operating companies.
The traditional electric operating companies each have established fuel cost recovery rates approved by their respective state PSCs. Fuel cost recovery revenues are adjusted for differences in actual recoverable fuel costs and amounts billed in current regulated rates. Accordingly, changes in the billing factor will not have a significant effect on Southern Company's revenues or net income, but will affect cash flow. The traditional electric operating companies continuously monitor their under or over recovered fuel cost balances and make appropriate filings with their state PSCs to adjust fuel cost recovery rates as necessary.
Alabama Power
Alabama Power's revenues from regulated retail operations are collected through various rate mechanisms subject to the oversight of the Alabama PSC. Alabama Power currently recovers its costs from the regulated retail business primarily through Rate RSE, Rate CNP, Rate ECR, and Rate NDR. In addition, the Alabama PSC issues accounting orders to address current events impacting Alabama Power. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Alabama Power" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information regarding Alabama Power's rate mechanisms, accounting orders, and the recovery balance of each regulatory clause for Alabama Power.
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved modifications to Rate RSE and other commitments designed to position Alabama Power to address the growing pressure on its credit quality resulting from the Tax Reform Legislation, without increasing retail rates under Rate RSE in the near term. Alabama Power plans to reduce growth in total debt by increasing equity, with corresponding reductions in debt issuances, thereby de-leveraging its capital structure. Alabama Power's goal is to achieve an equity ratio of approximately 55% by the end of 2025. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters – Federal Tax Reform Legislation" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Rate RSE
The approved modifications to Rate RSE are effective June 2018 and applicable for January 2019 billings and thereafter. The modifications include reducing the top of the allowed weighted common equity return (WCER) range from 6.21% to 6.15% and modifications to the refund mechanism applicable to prior year actual results. The modifications to the refund mechanism allow Alabama Power to retain a portion of the revenue that causes the actual WCER for a given year to exceed the allowed range.

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In conjunction with these modifications to Rate RSE, Alabama Power committed to a moratorium on any upward adjustments under Rate RSE for 2019 and 2020. Additionally, Alabama Power will return $50 million to customers through bill credits in 2019. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
In accordance with an established retail tariff that provides for an interim adjustment to customer billings to recognize the impact of a change in the statutory income tax rate, Alabama Power will also return approximately $257 million to retail customers through bill credits in the second half of 2018 as a result of the change in the federal income tax rate under the Tax Reform Legislation.
Rate ECR
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved an increase to Rate ECR from 2.015 cents per KWH to 2.353 cents per KWH effective July 2018 which is expected to result in additional collections of approximately $100 million through December 31, 2018. The approved increase in the Rate ECR factor will have no significant effect on Southern Company's net income, but will increase operating cash flows related to fuel cost recovery in 2018. The rate will return to 5.910 cents per KWH in 2019, absent a further order from the Alabama PSC. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Accounting Order
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved an accounting order that authorizes Alabama Power to defer the benefits of federal excess deferred income taxes associated with the Tax Reform Legislation for the year ending December 31, 2018 as a regulatory liability. Up to $30 million of such deferrals may be used to offset under-recovered amounts under Rate ECR, with any remaining amounts to be used for the benefit of customers as determined by the Alabama PSC. Alabama Power expects the benefits deferred to total approximately $30 million to $50 million. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time. See Note 5 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Federal Tax Reform Legislation" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Georgia Power
Georgia Power's revenues from regulated retail operations are collected through various rate mechanisms subject to the oversight of the Georgia PSC. Georgia Power currently recovers its costs from the regulated retail business through the 2013 ARP, which includes traditional base tariff rates, Demand-Side Management tariffs, Environmental Compliance Cost Recovery tariffs, and Municipal Franchise Fee tariffs. In addition, financing costs related to certified construction costs of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are being collected through the NCCR tariff and fuel costs are collected through a separate fuel cost recovery tariff. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Nuclear Construction" herein and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Nuclear Construction" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Georgia Power's NCCR tariff. Also see Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersGeorgia PowerFuel Cost Recovery" herein for additional information regarding Georgia Power's fuel cost recovery.
Rate Plans
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Rate Plans" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Georgia Power's 2013 ARP and the Georgia PSC's 2018 order related to the Tax Reform Legislation.
On April 3, 2018, the Georgia PSC approved a settlement agreement between Georgia Power and the staff of the Georgia PSC regarding the retail rate impact of the Tax Reform Legislation (Georgia Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement). Pursuant to the Georgia Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, to reflect the federal income tax rate reduction impact of the Tax Reform Legislation, Georgia Power will refund to customers a total of $330 million through bill credits of $131 million in October 2018, $96 million in June 2019, and $103 million in February 2020. In addition, Georgia Power is deferring as a regulatory liability (i) the revenue equivalent of the tax expense reduction resulting from legislation lowering the Georgia state income tax rate from 6.00% to 5.75% in 2019 and

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(ii) the entire benefit of approximately $700 million in federal and state excess accumulated deferred income taxes. The amortization of these regulatory liabilities is expected to be addressed in Georgia Power's next base rate case, which is scheduled to be filed by July 1, 2019. If there is not a base rate case in 2019, customers will receive $185 million in annual bill credits beginning in 2020, with any additional federal and state income tax savings deferred as a regulatory liability, until Georgia Power's next base rate case.
To address the negative cash flow and credit metric impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation, the Georgia PSC also approved an increase in Georgia Power's retail equity ratio to the lower of (i) Georgia Power's actual common equity weight in its capital structure or (ii) 55%, until Georgia Power's next base rate case. Benefits from reduced federal income tax rates in excess of the amounts refunded to customers will be retained by Georgia Power to cover the carrying costs of the incremental equity in 2018 and 2019.
Gulf Power
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Regulatory Matters – Gulf Power" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
As a continuation of the 2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement, on March 26, 2018, the Florida PSC approved a stipulation and settlement agreement among Gulf Power and three intervenors addressing the retail revenue requirement effects of the Tax Reform Legislation (Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement).
The Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement results in annual reductions to Gulf Power's revenues of $18.2 million from base rates and $15.6 million from environmental cost recovery rates, implemented April 1, 2018, and also provides for a one-time refund of $69.4 million for the retail portion of unprotected (not subject to normalization) deferred tax liabilities through Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery rate over the remainder of 2018. As a result of the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, the Florida PSC also approved an increase in Gulf Power's maximum equity ratio from 52.5% to 53.5% for all retail regulatory purposes.
As part of the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, a limited scope proceeding to address protected deferred tax liabilities consistent with IRS normalization principles was initiated on April 30, 2018. Pending resolution of this proceeding, Gulf Power is deferring the related amounts for 2018 as a regulatory liability. Unless otherwise agreed to by the parties to the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, amounts recorded in this regulatory liability will be refunded to retail customers in 2019 through Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery rates. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Mississippi Power
On February 7, 2018, Mississippi Power revised its annual projected PEP filing for 2018 to reflect the impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. The revised filing requests an increase of $26 million in annual revenues, based on a performance adjusted ROE of 9.33% and an increased equity ratio of 55%. The Mississippi PSC is expected to rule on this request in mid-2018. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Southern Company Gas
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas" herein for additional information.
In December 2017, Atlanta Gas Light filed its 2018 annual rate adjustment with the Georgia PSC, which, if approved, would have increased annual base rate revenues by $22 million, effective June 1, 2018. On February 23, 2018, Atlanta Gas Light revised its filing to reflect the impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. The revised request replaced the $22 million rate increase with a $16 million rate reduction for customers in 2018. The revised request maintains the previously authorized earnings band based on a return on equity between 10.55% and 10.95% and proposes to increase the equity ratio by 3% to an equity ratio of 54% to address the negative cash flow and credit metric impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. Atlanta Gas Light also notified the Georgia PSC that it intends to

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seek a further equity ratio increase of 2% to an equity ratio of 56% in its 2019 filing. The Georgia PSC is expected to rule on the revised request in the second quarter 2018.
In accordance with an Illinois Commission order and pursuant to its rehearing request, on April 13, 2018, Nicor Gas filed for revised base rates with the Illinois Commission, which would result in a decrease of approximately $44 million in annual base rate revenues effective in the second quarter 2018 to incorporate the reduction in the federal income tax rate as a result of the Tax Reform Legislation. Nicor Gas' previously-authorized capital structure and ROE of 9.8% were not addressed in the rehearing and remain unchanged. The Illinois Commission is expected to rule on the request on May 2, 2018.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Kemper County Energy Facility
For additional information on the Kemper County energy facility, see Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K.
As the mining permit holder for the Kemper County energy facility, Liberty Fuels Company, LLC has a legal obligation to perform mine reclamation, and Mississippi Power has a contractual obligation to fund all reclamation activities. Mine reclamation began in the first quarter 2018. See Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Asset Retirement Obligations and Other Costs of Removal" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
During the first quarter 2018, Mississippi Power recorded charges to income of $44 million ($33 million after tax), primarily resulting from the abandonment and related closure activities for the mine and gasifier-related assets at the Kemper County energy facility. Additional closure costs for the mine and gasifier-related assets, including ash disposal, currently estimated to cost up to $50 million pre-tax (excluding salvage), are expected to be incurred during the remainder of 2018 and 2019. In addition, period costs, including, but not limited to, costs for compliance and safety, ARO accretion, and property taxes for the mine and gasifier-related assets, are estimated at $4 million for the remainder of 2018, $4 million in 2019, and $1 million annually beginning in 2020. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
The combined cycle and associated common facilities portions of the Kemper County energy facility were dedicated as Plant Ratcliffe on April 27, 2018.
Construction Program
See RESULTS OF OPERATIONS – "Estimated Loss on Kemper IGCC," FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Construction Program," and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersGeorgia PowerNuclear Construction" and "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for additional information regarding the construction program. For information about Southern Power's acquisitions and construction of renewable energy facilities, see Note (I) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Power" herein.
Kemper IGCC
On June 21, 2017, the Mississippi PSC stated its intent to issue an order (which occurred on July 6, 2017) directing Mississippi Power to pursue a settlement under which the Kemper County energy facility would be operated as a natural gas plant, rather than an IGCC plant, and address all issues associated with the Kemper IGCC (Kemper Settlement Order). The Kemper Settlement Order established a new docket for the purposes of pursuing a global settlement of costs of the Kemper IGCC (Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket). The Mississippi PSC requested any such proposed settlement agreement reflect: (i) at a minimum, no rate increase to Mississippi Power customers (with a rate reduction focused on residential customers encouraged); (ii) removal of all cost risk to customers associated with the Kemper IGCC gasifier and related assets; and (iii) modification or amendment of the CPCN for the Kemper IGCC to allow only for ownership and operation of a natural gas facility.
Although the ability to achieve a negotiated settlement is uncertain, Mississippi Power intends to pursue any available settlement alternatives. In addition, the Kemper Settlement Order provides that, in the event a settlement agreement is not reached, the Mississippi PSC reserves its right to take any appropriate steps, including issuing an order to show cause as to why the CPCN for the Kemper IGCC should not be revoked.

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Net Income

On June 28, 2017, Mississippi Power notified the Mississippi PSC that it would begin a process
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$280 42.6
Consolidated net income attributable to suspend operations and start-up activities on the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC, given the uncertainty as to the future of the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC. Mississippi Power expects to continue to operate the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC as it has done since August 2014.
At the time of project suspension, the total cost estimateSouthern Company was $938 million ($0.93 per share) for the Kemper IGCCfirst quarter 2018 compared to $658 million ($0.66 per share) for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was approximately $7.38 billion, including approximately $5.95 billion of costs subjectprimarily due to the construction cost cap, and was net of the $137 million in additional grants from the DOE received on April 8, 2016 (Additional DOE Grants). Mississippi Power recorded pre-tax charges toa lower federal income for revisions to the cost estimate subject to the construction cost cap totaling $196 million ($121 million after tax) in the second quarter through May 31, 2017 and a total of $305 million ($188 million after tax) for year-to-date through May 31, 2017. In the aggregate, Mississippi Power incurred charges of $3.07 billion ($1.89 billion after tax)tax rate as a result of changesthe Tax Reform Legislation and net state income tax benefits arising from the reorganization of Southern Power's legal entities, as well as higher retail electric revenues due to colder weather, partially offset by reductions in the cost estimate above the cost cap for the Kemper IGCC through May 31, 2017. The May 31, 2017 cost estimate included approximately $175 million of estimated costs to be incurred beyond the then-estimated in-service date of June 30, 2017 that were expected to be subject to the $2.88 billion cost cap.
At June 30, 2017, approximately $3.3 billion in actual Kemper IGCC costs were not reflected in Mississippi Power's retail and wholesale rates, of which $0.5 billion wasrevenues related to the combined cycle and associated facilities and $2.8 billion was related to the gasification portionsregulatory treatment of the Kemper IGCC.Tax Reform Legislation impacts.
WhileRetail Electric Revenues
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$174 5.1
In the ultimate dispositionfirst quarter 2018, retail electric revenues were $3.6 billion compared to $3.4 billion for the corresponding period in 2017.
Details of the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC remains subject to the Mississippi PSC's jurisdiction, including the potential resolution of the matters addressed in the Kemper Settlement Order, given the Mississippi PSC's stated intent regarding no further rate increase for the Kemper County energy facility, cost recovery of the gasification portions is no longer probable; therefore, Mississippi Power recorded an additional charge to income in June 2017 of $2.8 billion ($2.0 billion after tax), which includes estimated costs associated with the gasification portions of the plant and lignite mine. In the event the gasification portions of the project are ultimately canceled, additional pre-tax costs currently estimated at approximately $100 million to $200 million are expected to be incurred.
Total pre-tax charges to income for the estimated probable losses on the Kemper IGCC were $3.0 billion ($2.1 billion after tax) for the second quarter 2017 and $3.1 billion ($2.2 billion after tax) for the six months ended June 30, 2017. In the aggregate, since the Kemper IGCC project started, Mississippi Power has incurred charges of $6.0 billion ($3.9 billion after tax) through June 30, 2017.
As of June 30, 2017, Mississippi Power has recorded a total of approximately $1.3 billion in costs associated with the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC including transmission and related regulatory assets, of which $0.8 billion is includedchanges in retail and wholesale rates. The $0.5 billion not included in current rates includes costs in excess of the original 2010 estimate for the combined cycle portion of the facility,electric revenues were as well as the 15% that was previously contracted to SMEPA. Mississippi Power has calculated the revenue requirements resulting from these remaining costs, using reasonable assumptions for amortization periods, and expects them to be recovered through rates consistent with the Mississippi PSC's requested settlement conditions. The ultimate outcome will be determined by the Mississippi PSC in the Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket proceedings.follows:
For additional information on the Kemper IGCC, including information on the project economic viability analysis, pending lawsuits, and an ongoing SEC investigation, see Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" and "Other Matters" and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein.
Nuclear Construction
On March 29, 2017, the EPC Contractor filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. To provide for a continuation of work at Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, entered into an interim assessment agreement with the EPC Contractor (Interim Assessment Agreement), which the bankruptcy court approved on March 30, 2017. On June 9, 2017, Georgia Power
  First Quarter 2018
  (in millions) (% change)
Retail electric – prior year $3,394
  
Estimated change resulting from –    
Rates and pricing (103) (3.0)
Sales growth 26
 0.8
Weather 144
 4.2
Fuel and other cost recovery 107
 3.1
Retail electric – current year $3,568
 5.1 %

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SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Revenues associated with changes in rates and pricing decreased in the other Vogtle Owners and Toshiba entered into a settlement agreement regarding the Toshiba Guarantee (Guarantee Settlement Agreement). Pursuantfirst quarter 2018 when compared to the Guarantee Settlement Agreement, Toshiba acknowledgedcorresponding period in 2017 primarily due to revenues deferred as regulatory liabilities for future adjustments to customer billings related to the amountTax Reform Legislation, as well as the rate pricing effect of its obligation underincreased customer usage at Georgia Power. The decrease in revenues also reflects a decrease in the Toshiba Guarantee is $3.68 billion (Guarantee Obligations), of which Georgia Power's proportionate share is approximately $1.7 billion, and that the Guarantee Obligations exist regardless of whether Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are completed. Additionally, on June 9, 2017, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the other Vogtle Owners, and the EPC Contractor entered into a services agreement (Services Agreement), which was amended and restated on July 20, 2017, for the EPC Contractor to transition construction managementrecovery of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 construction financing costs under the NCCR tariff at Georgia Power, also primarily related to the Tax Reform Legislation. These decreases were partially offset by higher contributions from variable demand-driven pricing from commercial and industrial customers at Georgia Power.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Alabama Power" and " Georgia Power Rate Plans" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information.
Revenues attributable to changes in sales increased in the first quarter 2018 when compared to the corresponding period in 2017. Weather-adjusted residential KWH sales and weather-adjusted commercial KWH sales increased 1.1% and 1.2%, respectively, in the first quarter 2018 primarily due to customer growth. Industrial KWH sales increased 2.6% in the first quarter 2018, primarily in the primary metals and chemicals sectors, partially offset by decreased sales in the paper sector.
Fuel and other cost recovery revenues increased $107 million in the first quarter 2018 when compared to the corresponding period in 2017 primarily due to higher energy sales resulting from colder weather. Electric rates for the traditional electric operating companies include provisions to adjust billings for fluctuations in fuel costs, including the energy component of purchased power costs. Under these provisions, fuel revenues generally equal fuel expenses, including the energy component of PPA costs, and do not affect net income. The traditional electric operating companies each have one or more regulatory mechanisms to recover other costs such as environmental and other compliance costs, storm damage, new plants, and PPA capacity costs.
Wholesale Electric Revenues
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$88 16.6
Wholesale electric revenues consist of PPAs primarily with investor-owned utilities and electric cooperatives and short-term opportunity sales. Wholesale electric revenues from PPAs (other than solar and wind PPAs) have both capacity and energy components. Capacity revenues generally represent the greatest contribution to net income and are designed to provide recovery of fixed costs plus a return on investment. Energy revenues will vary depending on fuel prices, the market prices of wholesale energy compared to the Southern Company system's generation, demand for energy within the Southern Company system's electric service territory, and the availability of the Southern Company system's generation. Increases and decreases in energy revenues that are driven by fuel prices are accompanied by an increase or decrease in fuel costs and do not have a significant impact on net income. Energy sales from solar and wind PPAs do not have a capacity charge and customers either purchase the energy output of a dedicated renewable facility through an energy charge or through a fixed price related to the energy. As a result, Southern Company's ability to recover fixed and variable operations and maintenance expenses is dependent upon the level of energy generated from these facilities, which can be impacted by weather conditions, equipment performance, transmission constraints, and other factors. Wholesale electric revenues at Mississippi Power include FERC-regulated municipal and rural association sales as well as market-based sales. Short-term opportunity sales are made at market-based rates that generally provide a margin above the Southern Company system's variable cost to produce the energy.
In the first quarter 2018, wholesale electric revenues were $619 million compared to $531 million for the corresponding period in 2017. This increase was primarily related to a $91 million increase in energy revenues, partially offset by a $3 million decrease in capacity revenues. The increase in energy revenues primarily relates to Southern NuclearPower and includes an increase in fuel costs that are contractually recovered through PPAs and new

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SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

natural gas PPAs related to provide ongoing design, engineering,existing facilities. Additionally, the increase in energy revenues is due to increased demand related to colder weather in the first quarter 2018 compared to the corresponding period in 2017.
Natural Gas Revenues
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$77 5.0
In the first quarter 2018, natural gas revenues were $1.6 billion compared to $1.5 billion for the corresponding period in 2017.
Details of the changes in natural gas revenues were as follows:
  First Quarter 2018
  (in millions) (% change)
Natural gas – prior year $1,530
  
Estimated change resulting from –    
Infrastructure replacement programs and base rate increases 47
 3.0 %
Tax reform regulatory liabilities (37) (2.4)
Gas costs and other cost recovery 1
 0.1
Weather 8
 0.5
Wholesale gas services 35
 2.3
Other 23
 1.5
Natural gas – current year $1,607
 5.0 %
The increase in natural gas revenues is primarily due to infrastructure investments recovered through replacement programs and procurementincreases in base rate revenues at the natural gas distribution utilities, an increase in commercial activity at Southern Company Gas' wholesale gas services business, colder weather, fixed and guaranteed bill revenue at Southern Company Gas' gas marketing services business as a result of adopting a new revenue recognition standard, and an increase in revenues resulting from the Dalton Pipeline being placed in service. These increases were partially offset by revenues deferred as regulatory liabilities for expected adjustments to customer billings as a result of the regulatory treatment of the Tax Reform Legislation impacts.
Natural gas distribution rates include provisions to adjust billings for fluctuations in natural gas costs. Therefore, gas costs recovered through natural gas revenues generally equal the amount expensed in cost of natural gas and do not affect net income from gas distribution operations.
See Notes (A) and (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein under "Recently Adopted Accounting Standards – Revenue" and "Regulatory Matters – Southern Nuclear. On July 27, 2017,Company Gas," respectively, for additional information.
Other Revenues
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$272 192.9
In the Services Agreement,first quarter 2018, other revenues were $413 million compared to $141 million for the corresponding period in 2017. This increase was primarily due to PowerSecure's storm restoration services in Puerto Rico.

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SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Fuel and Purchased Power Expenses
  First Quarter 2018
vs.
First Quarter 2017
  (change in millions) (% change)
Fuel $105
 10.5
Purchased power 88
 49.2
Total fuel and purchased power expenses $193
  
In the first quarter 2018, total fuel and purchased power expenses were $1.4 billion compared to $1.2 billion for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily the result of a $147 million increase in the volume of KWHs generated and purchased and a $46 million increase in the average cost of fuel and purchased power.
Fuel and purchased power energy transactions at the traditional electric operating companies are generally offset by fuel revenues and do not have a significant impact on net income. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Regulatory MattersFuel Cost Recovery" herein for additional information. Fuel expenses incurred under Southern Power's PPAs are generally the responsibility of the counterparties and do not significantly impact net income.
Details of the Southern Company system's generation and purchased power were as follows:
  
First Quarter
2018
 
First Quarter
2017
Total generation (in billions of KWHs)
 48 44
Total purchased power (in billions of KWHs)
 5 4
Sources of generation (percent) —
    
Gas 45 46
Coal 29 29
Nuclear 16 17
Hydro 4 2
Other 6 6
Cost of fuel, generated (in cents per net KWH) 
    
Gas 2.85 2.92
Coal 2.90 2.88
Nuclear 0.78 0.79
Average cost of fuel, generated (in cents per net KWH)
 2.50 2.50
Average cost of purchased power (in cents per net KWH)(*)
 6.33 5.10
(*)Average cost of purchased power includes fuel purchased by the Southern Company system for tolling agreements where power is generated by the provider.
Fuel
In the first quarter 2018, fuel expense was $1.1 billion compared to $1.0 billion for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to a 14.2% increase in the volume of KWHs generated by natural gas and a 10.8% increase in the volume of KWHs generated by coal, partially offset by a 2.4% decrease in the average cost of natural gas per KWH generated.

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SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Purchased Power
In the first quarter 2018, purchased power expense was $267 million compared to $179 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to a 24.1% increase in the average cost per KWH purchased and a 14.0% increase in the volume of KWHs purchased.
Energy purchases will vary depending on demand for energy within the Southern Company system's electric service territory, the market prices of wholesale energy as compared to the cost of the Southern Company system's generation, and the EPC Contractor's rejectionavailability of the VogtleSouthern Company system's generation.
Cost of Other Sales
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$201 228.4
In the first quarter 2018, cost of other sales was $289 million compared to $88 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase primarily reflects costs related to PowerSecure's storm restoration services in Puerto Rico.
Other Operations and Maintenance Expenses
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$68 4.9
In the first quarter 2018, other operations and maintenance expenses were $1.45 billion compared to $1.38 billion for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to a $42 million goodwill impairment charge recorded at Southern Company Gas in contemplation of the proposed sale of Pivotal Home Solutions. Additionally, the increase is related to a $28 million increase in employee compensation and benefits, including pension costs, a $19 million decrease in gains from sales of integrated transmission system assets at Georgia Power, and a $12 million increase at Southern Company Gas to align paid time off with the Southern Company system's policy. These increases were partially offset by $32.5 million resulting from the write-down of Gulf Power's ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3 and 4 Agreement, became effective upon approvalin the first quarter 2017 in accordance with a settlement agreement approved by the DOEFlorida PSC in April 2017 (2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement).
See Notes (A) and (J) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets" and "Southern Company Gas – Proposed Sale of Pivotal Home Solutions," respectively, herein for additional information regarding the proposed sale of Pivotal Home Solutions and Note (G) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information on pension costs. Also, see Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Gulf Power – Retail Base Rate Cases" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the 2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement.
Depreciation and Amortization
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$53 7.4
In the first quarter 2018, depreciation and amortization was $769 million compared to $716 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase reflects $34 million related to additional plant in service and also reflects a $25.5 million reduction in depreciation credits recorded in the first quarter 2017 as authorized in Gulf Power's 2013 rate case settlement.

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SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Gulf Power – Retail Base Rate Cases" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Taxes Other Than Income Taxes
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$25 7.6
In the first quarter 2018, taxes other than income taxes were $355 million compared to $330 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to increased municipal franchise fees and property taxes at Georgia Power and increased revenue tax expenses and payroll taxes related to aligning paid time off at Southern Company Gas with the Southern Company system's policy.
Estimated Loss on Kemper IGCC
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(64) (59.3)
Estimated losses on the Kemper IGCC of $44 million were recorded in the first quarter 2018 resulting from the abandonment and related closure activities for the mine and gasifier-related assets as compared to $108 million for the corresponding period in 2017 related to revisions to the estimated construction costs prior to the June 2017 project suspension.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Kemper County Energy Facility" herein for additional information.
Allowance for Equity Funds Used During Construction
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(27) (47.4)
In the first quarter 2018, AFUDC equity was $30 million compared to $57 million in the corresponding period in 2017. This decrease primarily resulted from Mississippi Power's suspension of the Kemper IGCC construction in June 2017.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Kemper County Energy Facility" herein for additional information.
Interest Expense, Net of Amounts Capitalized
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$42 10.1
In the first quarter 2018, interest expense, net of amounts capitalized was $458 million compared to $416 million in the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was largely due to an increase in average outstanding long-term debt, primarily at the parent company and Southern Company Gas.

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SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

See Note 6 to the financial statements of Southern Company in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (F) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information.
Other Income (Expense), Net
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$12 25.0
In the first quarter 2018, other income (expense), net was $60 million compared to $48 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to a gain from the settlement of a contractor litigation claim at Southern Company Gas.
Income Taxes
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(202) (64.1)
In the first quarter 2018, income taxes were $113 million compared to $315 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The decrease was primarily due to a lower federal income tax rate as a result of the Tax Reform Legislation, as well as net state income tax benefits arising from the reorganization of Southern Power's legal entities holding its solar facilities.
See Note (H) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information.
Dividends on Preferred and Preference Stock of Subsidiaries
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(7) (63.6)
In the first quarter 2018, dividends on preferred and preference stock of subsidiaries was $4 million compared to $11 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The decrease was due to the 2017 redemptions of all outstanding shares of preferred and preference stock at Georgia Power and preference stock at Gulf Power.
See Note 6 the financial statements of Southern Company under "Redeemable Preferred Stock of Subsidiaries" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL
The results of operations discussed above are not necessarily indicative of Southern Company's future earnings potential. The level of Southern Company's future earnings depends on numerous factors that affect the opportunities, challenges, and risks of the Southern Company system's primary businesses of selling electricity and distributing natural gas. These factors include the traditional electric operating companies' and the Interim Assessment Agreement expired pursuantnatural gas distribution utilities' ability to its terms. The Services Agreement will continue untilmaintain a constructive regulatory environment that allows for the start-uptimely recovery of prudently-incurred costs during a time of increasing costs and testing oflimited projected demand growth over the next several years. Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 is complete and electricity is generated and sold from both units. The Services Agreement is terminable by the Vogtle Owners upon 30 days' written notice.
Georgia Power and the other Vogtle Owners are continuing to conduct comprehensive schedule and cost-to-complete assessments, as well as cancellation cost assessments, to determine the impact of the EPC Contractor's bankruptcy filing on the construction cost and schedule for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Georgia Power will continue working with the Georgia PSC and the other Vogtle Owners to determine future actions related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, including, but not limited to, the status of construction and rate recovery and currently expectsthe profitability of Southern Power's competitive wholesale business and successful additional investments in renewable and other energy projects are also major factors.
Future earnings for the electricity and natural gas businesses will be driven primarily by customer growth. Earnings in the electricity business will also depend upon maintaining and growing sales, considering, among other things, the adoption and/or penetration rates of increasingly energy-efficient technologies, increasing volumes of electronic

23

SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

commerce transactions, and higher multi-family home construction, all of which could contribute to a net reduction in customer usage. Earnings for both the electricity and natural gas businesses are subject to a variety of other factors. These factors include its recommendationweather, competition, new energy contracts with other utilities and other wholesale customers, energy conservation practiced by customers, the use of alternative energy sources by customers, the prices of electricity and natural gas, the price elasticity of demand, and the rate of economic growth or decline in its seventeenth Vogtle Construction Monitoring (VCM) report tothe service territory. In addition, the level of future earnings for the wholesale electric business also depends on numerous factors including regulatory matters, creditworthiness of customers, total electric generating capacity available and related costs, future acquisitions and construction of electric generating facilities, the impact of tax credits from renewable energy projects, and the successful remarketing of capacity as current contracts expire. Demand for electricity and natural gas is primarily driven by the pace of economic growth that may be filed withaffected by changes in regional and global economic conditions, which may impact future earnings. In addition, the Georgia PSC in late August 2017.
An inability or other failure by Toshiba to perform its obligations under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement could havevolatility of natural gas prices has a further materialsignificant impact on the natural gas distribution utilities' customer rates, long-term competitive position against other energy sources, and the ability of Southern Company Gas' gas marketing services and wholesale gas services businesses to capture value from locational and seasonal spreads. Additionally, changes in commodity prices subject a significant portion of Southern Company Gas' operations to earnings variability.
As part of its ongoing effort to adapt to changing market conditions, Southern Company continues to evaluate and consider a wide array of potential business strategies. These strategies may include business combinations, partnerships, and acquisitions involving other utility or non-utility businesses or properties, disposition of certain assets or businesses, internal restructuring, or some combination thereof. Furthermore, Southern Company may engage in new business ventures that arise from competitive and regulatory changes in the utility industry. Pursuit of any of the above strategies, or any combination thereof, may significantly affect the business operations, risks, and financial condition of Southern Company.
In October 2017, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Southern Company Gas entered into agreements for the sale of the assets of two of its natural gas distribution utilities, Elizabethtown Gas and Elkton Gas, to South Jersey Industries, Inc. for a total cash purchase price of $1.7 billion. As of March 31, 2018, the net costbook value of the assets to be disposed of in the sale was approximately $1.5 billion, which includes approximately $0.5 billion of goodwill. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes and, as a result, a deferred tax liability has not yet been provided. Through the completion of the asset sales, Southern Company Gas intends to invest approximately $0.1 billion in capital additions required for ordinary business operations of these assets. The completion of each asset sale is subject to the Vogtle Ownerssatisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, including, among other customary closing conditions, the receipt of required regulatory approvals, including the FERC, the New Jersey BPU, and, with respect to the sale of Elkton Gas, the Maryland PSC. Southern Company Gas and South Jersey Industries, Inc. made joint filings in December 2017 and on January 16, 2018 with the New Jersey BPU and the Maryland PSC, respectively, requesting regulatory approval. The asset sales are expected to be completed by the end of the third quarter 2018.
On April 11, 2018, Southern Company Gas and its subsidiary Pivotal Home Solutions entered into a stock purchase agreement with American Water Enterprises LLC for the sale of Pivotal Home Solutions for a purchase price of approximately $365 million, including estimated working capital. In contemplation of the transaction, a goodwill impairment charge of $42 million was recorded as of March 31, 2018. The remaining goodwill of $242 million is not deductible for tax purposes and, as a result, a deferred tax liability has not been provided. The completion of this transaction is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, including, among other customary closing conditions, approval from the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation and the expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976. The transaction is expected to be completed by the end of the second quarter 2018.
In addition, Southern Power is pursuing the sale of a 33% equity interest in a newly-formed holding company owning substantially all of Southern Power's solar facilities, including certain subsidiaries owned in partnership with various third parties. If successful, the sale is expected to close in mid-2018.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

For additional information relating to these issues, see RISK FACTORS in Item 1A and MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K.
Environmental Matters
The Southern Company system's operations are regulated by state and federal environmental agencies through a variety of laws and regulations governing air, water, land, and protection of other natural resources. The Southern Company system maintains comprehensive environmental compliance and greenhouse gas (GHG) strategies to assess upcoming requirements and compliance costs associated with these environmental laws and regulations. The costs, including capital expenditures and operations and maintenance costs, required to comply with environmental laws and regulations and to achieve stated goals may impact future unit retirement and replacement decisions, results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Related costs may result from the installation of additional environmental controls, closure and monitoring of CCR facilities, unit retirements, and adding or changing fuel sources for certain existing units, as well as related upgrades to the transmission system. A major portion of these costs are expected to be recovered through existing ratemaking provisions. The ultimate impact of environmental laws and regulations and the GHG goals discussed below will depend on various factors, such as state adoption and implementation of requirements, the availability and cost of any deployed control technology, and the outcome of pending and/or future legal challenges.
New or revised environmental laws and regulations could affect many areas of the traditional electric operating companies', Southern Power's, and the natural gas distribution utilities' operations. The impact of any such changes cannot be determined at this time. Environmental compliance costs could affect earnings if such costs cannot continue to be fully recovered in rates on a timely basis for the traditional electric operating companies and the natural gas distribution utilities or through long-term wholesale agreements for the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power. Further, increased costs that are recovered through regulated rates could contribute to reduced demand for electricity and natural gas, which could negatively affect results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Additionally, many commercial and industrial customers may also be affected by existing and future environmental requirements, which for some may have the potential to ultimately affect their demand for electricity and natural gas. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters" of Southern Company in Item 7 and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Environmental Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Environmental Laws and Regulations
Coal Combustion Residuals
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Environmental Matters – Environmental Laws and Regulations – Coal Combustion Residuals" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the Disposal of Coal Combustion Residuals from Electric Utilities rule (CCR Rule).
Consistent with the EPA's announced plans to reconsider certain portions of the CCR Rule, on March 15, 2018, the EPA published the first of two proposed coal ash rules it plans to finalize by no later than December 2019. The impact of any changes to the CCR Rule will depend on the content of the final rule and the outcome of any legal challenges and cannot be determined at this time.
Global Climate Issues
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Environmental Matters – Global Climate Issues" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding domestic GHG policies.
Through 2017, the Southern Company system has achieved an estimated GHG emission reduction of 36% since 2007. In April 2018, Southern Company established an intermediate goal of a 50% reduction in carbon emissions

25

SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

from 2007 levels by 2030 and a long-term goal of low- to no-carbon operations by 2050. To achieve these goals, the Southern Company system expects to continue growing its renewable energy portfolio, optimize technology advancements to modernize its transmission and distribution systems, increase the use of natural gas for generation, complete construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, invest in energy efficiency, and therefore,continue research and development efforts focused on technologies to lower GHG emissions. The Southern Company's financial statements.Company system's ability to achieve these goals also will be dependent on many external factors, including supportive national energy policies, low natural gas prices, and the development, deployment, and advancement of relevant energy technologies. The ultimate outcome of these matters also is dependent onthis matter cannot be determined at this time.
Regulatory Matters
Fuel Cost Recovery
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Regulatory Matters Fuel Cost Recovery" of Southern Company in Item 7 and Note 3 to the completionfinancial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Alabama Power – Rate ECR" and "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Fuel Cost Recovery" in Item 8 of the assessments described above,Form 10-K for additional information regarding fuel cost recovery for the traditional electric operating companies.
The traditional electric operating companies each have established fuel cost recovery rates approved by their respective state PSCs. Fuel cost recovery revenues are adjusted for differences in actual recoverable fuel costs and amounts billed in current regulated rates. Accordingly, changes in the billing factor will not have a significant effect on Southern Company's revenues or net income, but will affect cash flow. The traditional electric operating companies continuously monitor their under or over recovered fuel cost balances and make appropriate filings with their state PSCs to adjust fuel cost recovery rates as wellnecessary.
Alabama Power
Alabama Power's revenues from regulated retail operations are collected through various rate mechanisms subject to the oversight of the Alabama PSC. Alabama Power currently recovers its costs from the regulated retail business primarily through Rate RSE, Rate CNP, Rate ECR, and Rate NDR. In addition, the Alabama PSC issues accounting orders to address current events impacting Alabama Power. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Alabama Power" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information regarding Alabama Power's rate mechanisms, accounting orders, and the recovery balance of each regulatory clause for Alabama Power.
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved modifications to Rate RSE and other commitments designed to position Alabama Power to address the growing pressure on its credit quality resulting from the Tax Reform Legislation, without increasing retail rates under Rate RSE in the near term. Alabama Power plans to reduce growth in total debt by increasing equity, with corresponding reductions in debt issuances, thereby de-leveraging its capital structure. Alabama Power's goal is to achieve an equity ratio of approximately 55% by the end of 2025. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters – Federal Tax Reform Legislation" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Rate RSE
The approved modifications to Rate RSE are effective June 2018 and applicable for January 2019 billings and thereafter. The modifications include reducing the top of the allowed weighted common equity return (WCER) range from 6.21% to 6.15% and modifications to the refund mechanism applicable to prior year actual results. The modifications to the refund mechanism allow Alabama Power to retain a portion of the revenue that causes the actual WCER for a given year to exceed the allowed range.

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SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

In conjunction with these modifications to Rate RSE, Alabama Power committed to a moratorium on any upward adjustments under Rate RSE for 2019 and 2020. Additionally, Alabama Power will return $50 million to customers through bill credits in 2019. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
In accordance with an established retail tariff that provides for an interim adjustment to customer billings to recognize the impact of a change in the statutory income tax rate, Alabama Power will also return approximately $257 million to retail customers through bill credits in the second half of 2018 as a result of the change in the federal income tax rate under the Tax Reform Legislation.
Rate ECR
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved an increase to Rate ECR from 2.015 cents per KWH to 2.353 cents per KWH effective July 2018 which is expected to result in additional collections of approximately $100 million through December 31, 2018. The approved increase in the Rate ECR factor will have no significant effect on Southern Company's net income, but will increase operating cash flows related to fuel cost recovery in 2018. The rate will return to 5.910 cents per KWH in 2019, absent a further order from the Alabama PSC. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Accounting Order
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved an accounting order that authorizes Alabama Power to defer the benefits of federal excess deferred income taxes associated with the Tax Reform Legislation for the year ending December 31, 2018 as a regulatory treatment, andliability. Up to $30 million of such deferrals may be used to offset under-recovered amounts under Rate ECR, with any remaining amounts to be used for the benefit of customers as determined by the Alabama PSC. Alabama Power expects the benefits deferred to total approximately $30 million to $50 million. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Construction Program – Nuclear Construction" hereinNote 5 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Federal Tax Reform Legislation" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information oninformation.
Georgia Power
Georgia Power's revenues from regulated retail operations are collected through various rate mechanisms subject to the oversight of the Georgia PSC. Georgia Power currently recovers its costs from the regulated retail business through the 2013 ARP, which includes traditional base tariff rates, Demand-Side Management tariffs, Environmental Compliance Cost Recovery tariffs, and Municipal Franchise Fee tariffs. In addition, financing costs related to certified construction costs of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 includingare being collected through the NCCR tariff and fuel costs are collected through a separate fuel cost recovery tariff. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Nuclear Construction" herein and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Nuclear Construction" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Georgia Power's preliminary cost-to-completeNCCR tariff. Also see Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersGeorgia PowerFuel Cost Recovery" herein for additional information regarding Georgia Power's fuel cost recovery.
Rate Plans
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Rate Plans" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Georgia Power's 2013 ARP and cancellationthe Georgia PSC's 2018 order related to the Tax Reform Legislation.
On April 3, 2018, the Georgia PSC approved a settlement agreement between Georgia Power and the staff of the Georgia PSC regarding the retail rate impact of the Tax Reform Legislation (Georgia Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement). Pursuant to the Georgia Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, to reflect the federal income tax rate reduction impact of the Tax Reform Legislation, Georgia Power will refund to customers a total of $330 million through bill credits of $131 million in October 2018, $96 million in June 2019, and $103 million in February 2020. In addition, Georgia Power is deferring as a regulatory liability (i) the revenue equivalent of the tax expense reduction resulting from legislation lowering the Georgia state income tax rate from 6.00% to 5.75% in 2019 and

27

SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

(ii) the entire benefit of approximately $700 million in federal and state excess accumulated deferred income taxes. The amortization of these regulatory liabilities is expected to be addressed in Georgia Power's next base rate case, which is scheduled to be filed by July 1, 2019. If there is not a base rate case in 2019, customers will receive $185 million in annual bill credits beginning in 2020, with any additional federal and state income tax savings deferred as a regulatory liability, until Georgia Power's next base rate case.
To address the negative cash flow and credit metric impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation, the Georgia PSC also approved an increase in Georgia Power's retail equity ratio to the lower of (i) Georgia Power's actual common equity weight in its capital structure or (ii) 55%, until Georgia Power's next base rate case. Benefits from reduced federal income tax rates in excess of the amounts refunded to customers will be retained by Georgia Power to cover the carrying costs of the incremental equity in 2018 and 2019.
Gulf Power
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Regulatory Matters – Gulf Power" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
As a continuation of the 2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement, on March 26, 2018, the Florida PSC approved a stipulation and settlement agreement among Gulf Power and three intervenors addressing the retail revenue requirement effects of the Tax Reform Legislation (Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement).
The Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement results in annual reductions to Gulf Power's revenues of $18.2 million from base rates and $15.6 million from environmental cost assessmentsrecovery rates, implemented April 1, 2018, and also provides for a one-time refund of $69.4 million for the retail portion of unprotected (not subject to normalization) deferred tax liabilities through Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery rate over the remainder of 2018. As a result of the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, the Florida PSC also approved an increase in Gulf Power's maximum equity ratio from 52.5% to 53.5% for all retail regulatory purposes.
As part of the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, a limited scope proceeding to address protected deferred tax liabilities consistent with IRS normalization principles was initiated on April 30, 2018. Pending resolution of this proceeding, Gulf Power is deferring the related amounts for 2018 as a regulatory liability. Unless otherwise agreed to by the parties to the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, amounts recorded in this regulatory liability will be refunded to retail customers in 2019 through Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery rates. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Mississippi Power
On February 7, 2018, Mississippi Power revised its annual projected PEP filing for 2018 to reflect the impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. The revised filing requests an increase of $26 million in annual revenues, based on a performance adjusted ROE of 9.33% and an increased equity ratio of 55%. The Mississippi PSC is expected to rule on this request in mid-2018. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Southern Company Gas
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas" herein for additional information.
In December 2017, Atlanta Gas Light filed its 2018 annual rate adjustment with the Georgia PSC, which, if approved, would have increased annual base rate revenues by $22 million, effective June 1, 2018. On February 23, 2018, Atlanta Gas Light revised its filing to reflect the impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. The revised request replaced the $22 million rate increase with a $16 million rate reduction for customers in 2018. The revised request maintains the previously authorized earnings band based on a return on equity between 10.55% and 10.95% and proposes to increase the equity ratio by 3% to an equity ratio of 54% to address the negative cash flow and credit metric impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. Atlanta Gas Light also notified the Georgia PSC that it intends to

28

SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

seek a further equity ratio increase of 2% to an equity ratio of 56% in its 2019 filing. The Georgia PSC is expected to rule on the revised request in the second quarter 2018.
In accordance with an Illinois Commission order and pursuant to its rehearing request, on April 13, 2018, Nicor Gas filed for revised base rates with the Illinois Commission, which would result in a decrease of approximately $44 million in annual base rate revenues effective in the second quarter 2018 to incorporate the reduction in the federal income tax rate as a result of the Tax Reform Legislation. Nicor Gas' previously-authorized capital structure and ROE of 9.8% were not addressed in the rehearing and remain unchanged. The Illinois Commission is expected to rule on the request on May 2, 2018.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Kemper County Energy Facility
For additional information on the Kemper County energy facility, see Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K.
As the mining permit holder for the Kemper County energy facility, Liberty Fuels Company, LLC has a legal obligation to perform mine reclamation, and Mississippi Power has a contractual obligation to fund all reclamation activities. Mine reclamation began in the first quarter 2018. See Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Asset Retirement Obligations and Other Costs of Removal" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
During the first quarter 2018, Mississippi Power recorded charges to income of $44 million ($33 million after tax), primarily resulting from the abandonment and related closure activities for the mine and gasifier-related assets at the Kemper County energy facility. Additional closure costs for the mine and gasifier-related assets, including ash disposal, currently estimated to cost up to $50 million pre-tax (excluding salvage), are expected to be incurred during the remainder of 2018 and 2019. In addition, period costs, including, but not limited to, costs for compliance and safety, ARO accretion, and property taxes for the mine and gasifier-related assets, are estimated at $4 million for the remainder of 2018, $4 million in 2019, and $1 million annually beginning in 2020. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
The combined cycle and associated common facilities portions of the Kemper County energy facility were dedicated as Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4.Ratcliffe on April 27, 2018.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Income (Loss)
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$(2,004) N/M $(1,835) N/M
N/M - Not meaningful
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$280 42.6
Consolidated net lossincome attributable to Southern Company was $(1.4) billion$938 million ($(1.38)0.93 per share) for the secondfirst quarter 20172018 compared to net income of $623$658 million ($0.670.66 per share) for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The decreaseincrease was primarily due to chargesa lower federal income tax rate as a result of $3.0 billionthe Tax Reform Legislation and $81 million innet state income tax benefits arising from the second quarter 2017 and 2016, respectively, related to the Kemper IGCC at Mississippi Power. Also contributing to the change were increases in renewable energy sales atreorganization of Southern Power,Power's legal entities, as well as higher retail electric revenues resulting from increases in base rates, and $49 million in net income from Southern Company Gas, which was acquired on July 1, 2016,due to colder weather, partially offset by higher interest expense.reductions in retail revenues related to the regulatory treatment of the Tax Reform Legislation impacts.
Consolidated net loss attributable to Southern Company was $(723) million ($(0.73) per share) for year-to-date 2017Retail Electric Revenues
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$174 5.1
In the first quarter 2018, retail electric revenues were $3.6 billion compared to net income of $1.1$3.4 billion ($1.20 per share) for the corresponding period in 2016. The decrease was primarily due to charges2017.
Details of $3.1 billion and $134 million for year-to-date 2017 and 2016, respectively, related to the Kemper IGCC at Mississippi Power. Also contributing to the change was $288 millionchanges in net income from Southern Company Gas, increases in renewable energy sales at Southern Power, and higher retail electric revenues were as follows:
  First Quarter 2018
  (in millions) (% change)
Retail electric – prior year $3,394
  
Estimated change resulting from –    
Rates and pricing (103) (3.0)
Sales growth 26
 0.8
Weather 144
 4.2
Fuel and other cost recovery 107
 3.1
Retail electric – current year $3,568
 5.1 %

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

resulting from increases in base rates, partially offset by higher interest expense and a decrease in retail electric revenues resulting from milder weather for year-to-date 2017 compared to the corresponding period in 2016.
See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for additional information regarding the Kemper IGCC and Note (I) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Company" herein for additional information on the Merger.
Retail Electric Revenues
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$29 0.8 $47 0.7
In the second quarter 2017, retail electric revenues were $3.8 billioncompared to $3.7 billion for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, retail revenues were $7.2 billion compared to $7.1 billion for the corresponding period in 2016.
Details of the changes in retail electric revenues were as follows:
  Second Quarter 2017 Year-to-Date 2017
  (in millions) (% change) (in millions) (% change)
Retail electric – prior year $3,748
   $7,124
  
Estimated change resulting from –        
Rates and pricing 81
 2.2
 200
 2.8
Sales decline (12) (0.3) (22) (0.3)
Weather (51) (1.4) (189) (2.6)
Fuel and other cost recovery 11
 0.3
 58
 0.8
Retail electric – current year $3,777
 0.8 % $7,171
 0.7 %
Revenues associated with changes in rates and pricing increaseddecreased in the secondfirst quarter and year-to-date 20172018 when compared to the corresponding periodsperiod in 20162017 primarily due to revenues deferred as regulatory liabilities for future adjustments to customer billings related to the Tax Reform Legislation, as well as the rate pricing effect of increased customer usage at Georgia Power. The decrease in revenues also reflects a Rate RSE increase at Alabama Power effective January 1, 2017,decrease in the recovery of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 construction financing costs under the NCCR tariff at Georgia Power, and an ECO Plan rate increase at Mississippi Power implemented inalso primarily related to the third quarter 2016. Additionally, the second quarter 2017 increase wasTax Reform Legislation. These decreases were partially offset by the ratehigher contributions from variable demand-driven pricing effect of decreased customer usage and lower contributions from commercial and industrial customers under a rate plan for variable demand-driven pricing at Georgia Power.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Alabama Power" and " Georgia Power Rate Plans" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information.
Revenues attributable to changes in sales decreasedincreased in the first second quarter 20172018 when compared to the corresponding period in 2016.2017. Weather-adjusted residential KWH sales and weather-adjusted commercial KWH sales increased 1.1% and 1.2%, respectively, in the first quarter 2018 primarily due to customer growth. Industrial KWH sales decreased 0.8%increased 2.6% in the secondfirst quarter 20172018, primarily in the paper, primary metals and transportationchemicals sectors, partially offset by increaseddecreased sales in the chemicalspaper sector. Despite a more stable dollar and improving global economy, the industrial sector remains constrained by economic policy uncertainty. Weather-adjusted residential KWH sales decreased 0.4% in the second quarter 2017primarily due to decreased customer usage primarily resulting from increased efficiency improvements in residential appliances and lighting, partially offset by customer growth. Weather-adjusted commercial KWH sales were flat in thesecond quarter 2017 primarily due to decreased customer usage resulting from an increase in electronic commerce transactions and energy saving initiatives, offset by customer growth.
Revenues attributable to changes in sales decreased for year-to-date 2017 when compared to the corresponding period in 2016. Industrial KWH sales decreased 1.5% for year-to-date 2017 primarily in the paper, stone, clay, and

19

SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

glass, and transportation sectors. Despite a more stable dollar and improving global economy, the industrial sector remains constrained by economic policy uncertainty. Weather-adjusted commercial KWH sales decreased 0.9% foryear-to-date 2017 primarily due to decreased customer usage resulting from an increase in electronic commerce transactions and energy saving initiatives, partially offset by customer growth. Weather-adjusted residential KWH sales increased 0.2% for year-to-date 2017primarily due to customer growth, partially offset by decreased customer usage primarily resulting from efficiency improvements in residential appliances and lighting.
Fuel and other cost recovery revenues increased $11 million and $58$107 million in the secondfirst quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively,2018 when compared to the corresponding periodsperiod in 20162017 primarily due to an increase in natural gas prices.higher energy sales resulting from colder weather. Electric rates for the traditional electric operating companies include provisions to adjust billings for fluctuations in fuel costs, including the energy component of purchased power costs. Under these provisions, fuel revenues generally equal fuel expenses, including the energy component of PPA costs, and do not affect net income. The traditional electric operating companies each have one or more regulatory mechanisms to recover other costs such as environmental and other compliance costs, storm damage, new plants, and PPA capacity costs.
Wholesale Electric Revenues
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$172 38.6 $307 36.5
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$88 16.6
Wholesale electric revenues consist of PPAs primarily with investor-owned utilities and electric cooperatives and short-term opportunity sales. Wholesale electric revenues from PPAs (other than solar and wind PPAs) have both capacity and energy components. Capacity revenues generally represent the greatest contribution to net income and are designed to provide recovery of fixed costs plus a return on investment. Energy revenues will vary depending on fuel prices, the market prices of wholesale energy compared to the Southern Company system's generation, demand for energy within the Southern Company system's electric service territory, and the availability of the Southern Company system's generation. Increases and decreases in energy revenues that are driven by fuel prices are accompanied by an increase or decrease in fuel costs and do not have a significant impact on net income. ElectricityEnergy sales from solar and wind PPAs do not have a capacity charge and customers either purchase the energy output of a dedicated renewable facility through an energy charge or through a fixed price for electricity.related to the energy. As a result, Southern Company's ability to recover fixed and variable operations and maintenance expenses is dependent upon the level of energy generated from these facilities, which can be impacted by weather conditions, equipment performance, transmission constraints, and other factors. Wholesale electric revenues at Mississippi Power include FERC-regulated municipal and rural association sales as well as market-based sales. Short-term opportunity sales are made at market-based rates that generally provide a margin above the Southern Company system's variable cost to produce the energy.
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, wholesale electric revenues were $618$619 million compared to $446$531 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. This increase was primarily related to a $158$91 million increase in energy revenues, andpartially offset by a $14$3 million increasedecrease in capacity revenues. For year-to-date 2017, wholesale electric revenues were $1.1 billion compared to $842 million for the corresponding period in 2016. This increase was primarily related to a $276 millionThe increase in energy revenues and a $31 million increase in capacity revenues. The increases in energy revenues primarily relatedrelates to Southern Power increasesand includes an increase in renewable energy sales arising from new solar and wind facilities, sales from new natural gasfuel costs that are contractually recovered through PPAs and non-PPA revenues from short-term sales. The increases in capacity revenues primarily resulted from PPAs related to new natural gas facilities and additional customer load requirements at Southern Power.
Natural Gas Revenues
Natural gas revenues represent sales from the natural gas distribution utilities and certain non-regulated operations of Southern Company Gas. Following the Merger, $684 million and $2.2 billion of natural gas revenues are included in the consolidated statements of income for the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively.

2018

SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

natural gas PPAs related to existing facilities. Additionally, the increase in energy revenues is due to increased demand related to colder weather in the first quarter 2018 compared to the corresponding period in 2017.
Natural Gas Revenues
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$77 5.0
In the first quarter 2018, natural gas revenues were $1.6 billion compared to $1.5 billion for the corresponding period in 2017.
Details of the changes in natural gas revenues were as follows:
  First Quarter 2018
  (in millions) (% change)
Natural gas – prior year $1,530
  
Estimated change resulting from –    
Infrastructure replacement programs and base rate increases 47
 3.0 %
Tax reform regulatory liabilities (37) (2.4)
Gas costs and other cost recovery 1
 0.1
Weather 8
 0.5
Wholesale gas services 35
 2.3
Other 23
 1.5
Natural gas – current year $1,607
 5.0 %
The increase in natural gas revenues is primarily due to infrastructure investments recovered through replacement programs and increases in base rate revenues at the natural gas distribution utilities, an increase in commercial activity at Southern Company Gas' wholesale gas services business, colder weather, fixed and guaranteed bill revenue at Southern Company Gas' gas marketing services business as a result of adopting a new revenue recognition standard, and an increase in revenues resulting from the Dalton Pipeline being placed in service. These increases were partially offset by revenues deferred as regulatory liabilities for expected adjustments to customer billings as a result of the regulatory treatment of the Tax Reform Legislation impacts.
Natural gas distribution rates include provisions to adjust billings for fluctuations in natural gas costs. Therefore, gas costs recovered through natural gas revenues generally equal the amount expensed in cost of natural gas and do not affect net income from gas distribution operations.
See Note (I)Notes (A) and (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein under "Southern Company"Recently Adopted Accounting StandardsMerger withRevenue" and "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas," hereinrespectively, for additional information.
Other Revenues
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$85 85.9 $189 N/M
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$272 192.9
N/M - Not meaningful
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, other revenues were $184$413 million compared to $99$141 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, other revenues were $326 million compared to $137 million for the corresponding period in 2016. These increases were2017. This increase was primarily due to increasesPowerSecure's storm restoration services in Puerto Rico.

19

See Note (I) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Company" herein for additional information on the Merger and the acquisition of PowerSecure.SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Fuel and Purchased Power Expenses
Second Quarter 2017
vs.
Second Quarter 2016
 Year-to-Date 2017
vs.
Year-to-Date 2016
 First Quarter 2018
vs.
First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
Fuel$69
 6.7 $154
 8.0 $105
 10.5
Purchased power22
 11.6 36
 10.2 88
 49.2
Total fuel and purchased power expenses$91
 $190
  $193
 
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, total fuel and purchased power expenses were $1.3$1.4 billion compared to $1.2 billion for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily the result of a $154$147 million increase in the volume of KWHs generated and purchased and a $46 million increase in the average cost of fuel and purchased power primarily due to higher natural gas prices, partially offset by a $63 million decrease primarily due to the volume of KWHs purchased.
For year-to-date 2017, total fuel and purchased power expenses were $2.5 billion compared to $2.3 billion for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily the result of a $277 million increase in the average cost of fuel and purchased power primarily due to higher natural gas prices, partially offset by an $87 million decrease primarily due to the volume of KWHs purchased.power.
Fuel and purchased power energy transactions at the traditional electric operating companies are generally offset by fuel revenues and do not have a significant impact on net income. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Regulatory MattersFuel Cost Recovery" herein for additional information. Fuel expenses incurred under Southern Power's PPAs are generally the responsibility of the counterparties and do not significantly impact net income.

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Table of Contents
SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Details of the Southern Company system's generation and purchased power were as follows:
Second Quarter 2017 Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 Year-to-Date 2016 
First Quarter
2018
 
First Quarter
2017
Total generation (in billions of KWHs)
49 45 93 89 48 44
Total purchased power (in billions of KWHs)
3 4 7 8 5 4
Sources of generation (percent)
     
Gas 45 46
Coal31 32 30 30 29 29
Nuclear16 16 16 17 16 17
Gas43 48 45 47
Hydro3 2 3 4 4 2
Other7 2 6 2 6 6
Cost of fuel, generated (in cents per net KWH)
     
Gas 2.85 2.92
Coal2.77 3.20 2.82 3.22 2.90 2.88
Nuclear0.80 0.82 0.80 0.82 0.78 0.79
Gas2.94 2.24 2.93 2.20
Average cost of fuel, generated (in cents per net KWH)
2.49 2.33 2.49 2.28 2.50 2.50
Average cost of purchased power (in cents per net KWH)(*)
7.70 5.03 6.85 5.14 6.33 5.10
(*)Average cost of purchased power includes fuel purchased by the Southern Company system for tolling agreements where power is generated by the provider.
Fuel
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, fuel expense was $1.1 billion compared to $1.0 billion for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily due to a 31.3%14.2% increase in the average costvolume of KWHs generated by natural gas per KWH generated and a 3.0%10.8% increase in the volume of KWHs generated by coal, partially offset by a 13.4%2.4% decrease in the average cost of coal per KWH generated and a 4.8% decrease in the volume of KWHs generated by natural gas.
For year-to-date 2017, fuel expense was $2.1 billion compared to $1.9 billion for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to a 33.2% increase in the average cost of natural gas per KWH generated and a 4.1% increase in the volumegenerated.

20

Table of KWHs generated by coal, partially offset by a 12.4% decrease in the average cost of coal per KWH generated and a 6.6% decrease in the volume of KWHs generated by natural gas.Contents
SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Purchased Power
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, purchased power expense was $211$267 million compared to $189$179 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily due to a 53.1%24.1% increase in the average cost per KWH purchased primarily asand a result of higher natural gas prices, partially offset by a 28.0% decrease in the volume of KWHs purchased.
For year-to-date 2017, purchased power expense was $390 million compared to $354 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The14.0% increase was primarily due to a 33.3% increase in the average cost per KWH purchased, primarily as a result of higher natural gas prices, partially offset by a 16.8% decrease in the volume of KWHs purchased.
Energy purchases will vary depending on demand for energy within the Southern Company system's electric service territory, the market prices of wholesale energy as compared to the cost of the Southern Company system's generation, and the availability of the Southern Company system's generation.

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Table of Contents
SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Cost of Natural Gas
Cost of natural gas represents the cost of natural gas sold by the natural gas distribution utilities and certain non-regulated operations of Southern Company Gas. Following the Merger, $232 millionand$951 million of natural gas costs were included in the consolidated statements of income for the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively.
See Note (I) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern CompanyMerger with Southern Company Gas" herein for additional information.
Cost of Other Sales
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$56 96.6% $126 N/M
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$201 228.4
N/M - Not meaningful
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, cost of other sales was $114$289 million compared to $58$88 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, cost of other sales was $203 million compared to $77 million for the corresponding period in 2016. These increases were2017. The increase primarily due toreflects costs related to sales of products andPowerSecure's storm restoration services by PowerSecure, which was acquired on May 9, 2016, and costs related to gas marketing products and services at Southern Company Gas following the Merger. See Note (I) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Company" herein for additional information.in Puerto Rico.
Other Operations and Maintenance Expenses
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$202 18.4 $425 19.3
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$68 4.9
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, other operations and maintenance expenses were $1.3$1.45 billion compared to $1.1$1.38 billion for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily due to $213a $42 million in operations and maintenance expensesgoodwill impairment charge recorded at Southern Company Gas followingin contemplation of the Merger,proposed sale of Pivotal Home Solutions. Additionally, the increase is related to a $28 million increase in employee compensation and benefits, including pension costs, a $19 million increase associated with new solar, wind, and gas facilitiesdecrease in gains from sales of integrated transmission system assets at SouthernGeorgia Power, and a $15$12 million increase in operations and maintenance expenses at PowerSecure, which was acquired on May 9, 2016.Southern Company Gas to align paid time off with the Southern Company system's policy. These increases were partially offset by a $24 million decrease in acquisition-related expenses and a $7 million decrease in scheduled outage and maintenance costs at generation facilities.
For year-to-date 2017, other operations and maintenance expenses were $2.6 billion compared to $2.2 billion for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to increases of $467 million and $36 million in operations and maintenance expenses from Southern Company Gas and PowerSecure, respectively, a $35 million increase associated with new solar, wind, and gas facilities at Southern Power, and $32.5 million resulting from the write-down of Gulf Power's ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3 in the first quarter 2017 in accordance with a settlement agreement approved by the Florida PSC onin April 4, 2017 (2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement). These increases were partially offset by a $46 million decrease in scheduled outage and maintenance costs at generation facilities, a $26 million decrease in acquisition-related expenses, a $19 million increase in gains from sales of integrated transmission system assets at Georgia Power, a $16 million decrease in customer accounts, service, and sales costs primarily associated with demand-side management costs related to the timing of new programs at Georgia Power, and a $14 million decrease in employee compensation and benefits including pension costs.
See Note (B)Notes (A) and (J) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets" and "Regulatory MattersSouthern Company GasGulf PowerRetail Base Rate CasesProposed Sale of Pivotal Home Solutions," respectively, herein for additional information regarding the proposed sale of Pivotal Home Solutions and Note (G) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information on pension costs. Also, see Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Gulf Power – Retail Base Rate Cases" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the 2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement AgreementAgreement.
Depreciation and Note (I)Amortization
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$53 7.4
In the first quarter 2018, depreciation and amortization was $769 million compared to $716 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase reflects $34 million related to additional plant in service and also reflects a $25.5 million reduction in depreciation credits recorded in the first quarter 2017 as authorized in Gulf Power's 2013 rate case settlement.

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Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Company" herein for additional information related to the Merger and the acquisition of PowerSecure.
Depreciation and Amortization
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$185 32.5 $359 32.3
In the second quarter 2017, depreciation and amortization was $754 million compared to $569 million for the corresponding period in 2016. Following the Merger, $125 million in depreciation and amortization for Southern Company Gas is included in the consolidated statements of income for the second quarter 2017. Additionally, the increase reflects $61 million related to additional plant in service at the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power, partially offset by $8 million more of a reduction in depreciation in the second quarter 2017 compared to the corresponding period in 2016 at Gulf Power, as authorized in its 2013 rate case settlement approved by the Florida PSC.
For year-to-date 2017, depreciation and amortization was $1.5 billion compared to $1.1 billion for the corresponding period in 2016. Following the Merger, $244 million in depreciation and amortization for Southern Company Gas is included in the consolidated statements of income for year-to-date 2017. Additionally, the increase reflects $122 million related to additional plant in service at the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power, partially offset by $28 million more of a reduction in depreciation for year-to-date 2017 compared to the corresponding period in 2016 at Gulf Power, as authorized in its 2013 rate case settlement approved by the Florida PSC.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Gulf Power – Retail Base Rate Cases" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Taxes Other Than Income Taxes
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$25 7.6
In the first quarter 2018, taxes other than income taxes were $355 million compared to $330 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to increased municipal franchise fees and property taxes at Georgia Power and increased revenue tax expenses and payroll taxes related to aligning paid time off at Southern Company Gas with the Southern Company system's policy.
Estimated Loss on Kemper IGCC
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(64) (59.3)
Estimated losses on the Kemper IGCC of $44 million were recorded in the first quarter 2018 resulting from the abandonment and related closure activities for the mine and gasifier-related assets as compared to $108 million for the corresponding period in 2017 related to revisions to the estimated construction costs prior to the June 2017 project suspension.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersGulf PowerRetail Base Rate Cases""Kemper County Energy Facility" herein for additional information. Also see Note (I) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern CompanyMerger with Southern Company Gas" herein for additional information.
Taxes Other Than Income Taxes
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$53 20.8 $127 24.9
In the second quarter 2017, taxes other than income taxes were $308 million compared to $255 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, taxes other than income taxes were $638 million compared to $511 million for the corresponding period in 2016. These increases were primarily related to $44 million and $114 million in the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively, in taxes other than income taxes associated with Southern Company Gas following the Merger.
See Note (I) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern CompanyMerger with Southern Company Gas" herein for additional information.

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Estimated Loss on Kemper IGCC
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$2,931 N/M $2,986 N/M
N/M - Not meaningful
Prior to the project suspension on June 28, 2017, estimated probable losses on the Kemper IGCC of $196 million and $305 million were recorded at Mississippi Power in the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively, compared to $81 millionand $134 million in the second quarter and year-to-date 2016, respectively. These losses reflected revisions of estimated costs expected to be incurred on Mississippi Power's construction of the Kemper IGCC prior to project suspension in excess of the $2.88 billion cost cap established by the Mississippi PSC, net of $245 million of grants awarded to the project by the DOE under the Clean Coal Power Initiative Round 2 (Initial DOE Grants) and excluding the cost of the lignite mine and equipment, the cost of the CO2 pipeline facilities, AFUDC, and certain general exceptions, including change of law, force majeure, and beneficial capital (which exists when Mississippi Power demonstrates that the purpose and effect of the construction cost increase is to produce efficiencies that will result in a neutral or favorable effect on customers relative to the original proposal for the CPCN) (Cost Cap Exceptions).
While the ultimate disposition of the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC remains subject to the Mississippi PSC's jurisdiction, including the potential resolution of the matters addressed in the Kemper Settlement Order, given the Mississippi PSC's stated intent regarding no further rate increase for the Kemper County energy facility, cost recovery of the gasification portions is no longer probable; therefore, Mississippi Power recorded an additional charge to income in June 2017 of $2.8 billion, which includes estimated costs associated with the gasification portions of the plant and lignite mine.
See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Construction ProgramIntegrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for additional information.
Allowance for Equity Funds Used During Construction
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$13 28.9 $17 17.3
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(27) (47.4)
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, AFUDC equity was $58$30 million compared to $45$57 million in the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, AFUDC equity was $115 million compared to $98 million in the corresponding period in 2016. These increases2017. This decrease primarily resulted from a higher AFUDC rate and an increase inMississippi Power's suspension of the Kemper IGCC CWIP subjectconstruction in June 2017.
See Note 3 to AFUDC prior to project suspension at Mississippi Power.
See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Construction ProgramIntegrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle"the financial statements of Southern Company under "Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle""Kemper County Energy Facility" herein for additional information.
Interest Expense, Net of Amounts Capitalized
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$42 10.1
In the first quarter 2018, interest expense, net of amounts capitalized was $458 million compared to $416 million in the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was largely due to an increase in average outstanding long-term debt, primarily at the parent company and Southern Company Gas.

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Earnings from Equity Method Investments
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$29 N/M $68 N/M
N/M - Not meaningful
In the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, earnings from equity method investments were $28 million and $67 million, respectively, primarily related to earnings from Southern Company Gas' equity method investment in SNG effective September 2016.
See Note (I)6 to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern CompanyMerger with Southern Company Gas" herein for additional information.
Interest Expense, Net of Amounts Capitalized
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$131 44.7 $301 55.8
In the second quarter 2017, interest expense, net of amounts capitalized was $424 million compared to $293 million in the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, interest expense, net of amounts capitalized was $840 million compared to $539 million in the corresponding period in 2016. These increases were primarily due to an increase in average outstanding long-term debt primarily related to the Merger and the funding of Southern Power's acquisitions and construction projects. In addition, following the Merger, $48 million and $94 million in interest expensefinancial statements of Southern Company Gas was included in Item 8 of the consolidated statements of income for the second quarterForm 10-K and year-to-date 2017, respectively.
See Note (E)(F) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein and Note (I) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern CompanyMerger with Southern Company Gas" herein for additional information.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$25 89.3 $45 80.4
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$12 25.0
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, other income (expense), net was $(3)$60 million compared to $(28)$48 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, other2017. The increase was primarily due to a gain from the settlement of a contractor litigation claim at Southern Company Gas.
Income Taxes
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(202) (64.1)
In the first quarter 2018, income (expense), net was $(11)taxes were $113 million compared to $(56)$315 million for the corresponding period in 2016. These changes were2017. The decrease was primarily due to expenses incurred in 2016 associated with bridge financing fora lower federal income tax rate as a result of the Merger. These changes also include increases of $99 million and $116 million in currency lossesTax Reform Legislation, as well as net state income tax benefits arising from a translationthe reorganization of euro-denominated fixed-rate notes into U.S. dollars for the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively, fully offset by an equal change in gains on the foreign currency hedges that were reclassified from accumulated OCI into earnings at Southern Power.Power's legal entities holding its solar facilities.
See Note (H) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Foreign Currency Derivatives" herein for additional information.

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Income Taxes (Benefit)Subsidiaries
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$(848) N/M $(752) N/M
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(7) (63.6)
N/M - Not meaningful
In the secondfirst quarter 2017, income tax benefit2018, dividends on preferred and preference stock of subsidiaries was $587$4 million compared to income tax expense of $261$11 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The decrease was primarily due to $865 million in tax benefits related to the estimated probable losses on2017 redemptions of all outstanding shares of preferred and preference stock at Georgia Power and preference stock at Gulf Power.
See Note 6 the Kemper IGCC at Mississippi Power, partially offset by $31 million in taxes atfinancial statements of Southern Company Gas followingunder "Redeemable Preferred Stock of Subsidiaries" in Item 8 of the Merger.
For year-to-date 2017, income tax benefit was $273 million compared to income tax expense of $479 million for the corresponding period in 2016, primarily due to $886 million in tax benefits related to the estimated probable losses on the Kemper IGCC at Mississippi Power. In addition, the change reflects $180 million in taxes at Southern Company Gas following the Merger, partially offset by a net increase in tax benefits of $16 million from renewable tax credits at Southern Power.
See Note (G) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein and Note (I) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern CompanyMerger with Southern Company Gas" hereinForm 10-K for additional information.
FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL
The results of operations discussed above are not necessarily indicative of Southern Company's future earnings potential. The level of Southern Company's future earnings depends on numerous factors that affect the opportunities, challenges, and risks of the Southern Company system's primary businesses of selling electricity and distributing natural gas. These factors include the traditional electric operating companies' and the natural gas distribution utilities' ability to maintain a constructive regulatory environment that allows for the timely recovery of prudently-incurred costs during a time of increasing costs and limited projected demand growth over the next several years. Completion of cost assessments and the determination of future actions related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 construction and rate recovery and the ability to recover costs for the remainder of the Kemper County energy facility not included in current rates are also major factors. In addition, the profitability of Southern Power's competitive wholesale business and successful additional investments in renewable and other energy projects are also major factors.
Current proposals related to potential federal tax reform legislation are primarily focused on reducing the corporate income tax rate, allowing 100% of capital expenditures to be deducted, and eliminating the interest deduction. The ultimate impact of any tax reform proposals, including any potential changes to the availability or realizability of ITCs and PTCs, is dependent on the final form of any legislation enacted and the related transition rules and cannot be determined at this time, but could have a material impact on Southern Company's financial statements.
Future earnings for the electricity and natural gas businesses will be driven primarily by customer growth. Earnings in the electricity business will also depend upon maintaining and growing sales, considering, among other things, the adoption and/or penetration rates of increasingly energy-efficient technologies, increasing volumes of electronic

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commerce transactions, and higher multi-family home construction.construction, all of which could contribute to a net reduction in customer usage. Earnings for both the electricity and natural gas businesses are subject to a variety of other factors. These factors include weather, competition, new energy contracts with other utilities and other wholesale customers, energy conservation practiced by customers, the use of alternative energy sources by customers, the prices of electricity and natural gas, the price elasticity of demand, and the rate of economic growth or decline in the service territory. In addition, the level of future earnings for the wholesale electric business also depends on numerous factors including regulatory matters, creditworthiness of customers, total electric generating capacity available and related costs, future acquisitions and construction of electric generating facilities, the impact of tax credits from renewable energy projects, and the successful remarketing of capacity as current contracts expire. Demand for electricity and natural gas is primarily driven by economic growth. Thethe pace of economic growth and electricity and natural gasdemandthat may be affected by changes

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in regional and global economic conditions, which may impact future earnings. In addition, the volatility of natural gas prices has a significant impact on the natural gas distribution utilities' customer rates, long-term competitive position against other energy sources, and the ability of Southern Company Gas' gas marketing services and wholesale gas services businesses to capture value from locational and seasonal spreads. Additionally, changes in commodity prices subject a significant portion of Southern Company Gas' operations to earnings variability.
As part of its ongoing effort to adapt to changing market conditions, Southern Company continues to evaluate and consider a wide array of potential business strategies. These strategies may include business combinations, partnerships, and acquisitions involving other utility or non-utility businesses or properties, disposition of certain assets or businesses, internal restructuring, or some combination thereof. Furthermore, Southern Company may engage in new business ventures that arise from competitive and regulatory changes in the utility industry. Pursuit of any of the above strategies, or any combination thereof, may significantly affect the business operations, risks, and financial condition of Southern Company.
In October 2017, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Southern Company Gas entered into agreements for the sale of the assets of two of its natural gas distribution utilities, Elizabethtown Gas and Elkton Gas, to South Jersey Industries, Inc. for a total cash purchase price of $1.7 billion. As of March 31, 2018, the net book value of the assets to be disposed of in the sale was approximately $1.5 billion, which includes approximately $0.5 billion of goodwill. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes and, as a result, a deferred tax liability has not yet been provided. Through the completion of the asset sales, Southern Company Gas intends to invest approximately $0.1 billion in capital additions required for ordinary business operations of these assets. The completion of each asset sale is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, including, among other customary closing conditions, the receipt of required regulatory approvals, including the FERC, the New Jersey BPU, and, with respect to the sale of Elkton Gas, the Maryland PSC. Southern Company Gas and South Jersey Industries, Inc. made joint filings in December 2017 and on January 16, 2018 with the New Jersey BPU and the Maryland PSC, respectively, requesting regulatory approval. The asset sales are expected to be completed by the end of the third quarter 2018.
On April 11, 2018, Southern Company Gas and its subsidiary Pivotal Home Solutions entered into a stock purchase agreement with American Water Enterprises LLC for the sale of Pivotal Home Solutions for a purchase price of approximately $365 million, including estimated working capital. In contemplation of the transaction, a goodwill impairment charge of $42 million was recorded as of March 31, 2018. The remaining goodwill of $242 million is not deductible for tax purposes and, as a result, a deferred tax liability has not been provided. The completion of this transaction is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, including, among other customary closing conditions, approval from the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation and the expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976. The transaction is expected to be completed by the end of the second quarter 2018.
In addition, Southern Power is pursuing the sale of a 33% equity interest in a newly-formed holding company owning substantially all of Southern Power's solar facilities, including certain subsidiaries owned in partnership with various third parties. If successful, the sale is expected to close in mid-2018.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.

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For additional information relating to these issues, see RISK FACTORS in Item 1A and MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and RISK FACTORS in Item 1A herein.10-K.
Environmental Matters
ComplianceThe Southern Company system's operations are regulated by state and federal environmental agencies through a variety of laws and regulations governing air, water, land, and protection of other natural resources. The Southern Company system maintains comprehensive environmental compliance and greenhouse gas (GHG) strategies to assess upcoming requirements and compliance costs relatedassociated with these environmental laws and regulations. The costs, including capital expenditures and operations and maintenance costs, required to federal and statecomply with environmental statuteslaws and regulations and to achieve stated goals may impact future unit retirement and replacement decisions, results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Related costs may result from the installation of additional environmental controls, closure and monitoring of CCR facilities, unit retirements, and adding or changing fuel sources for certain existing units, as well as related upgrades to the transmission system. A major portion of these costs are expected to be recovered through existing ratemaking provisions. The ultimate impact of environmental laws and regulations and the GHG goals discussed below will depend on various factors, such as state adoption and implementation of requirements, the availability and cost of any deployed control technology, and the outcome of pending and/or future legal challenges.
New or revised environmental laws and regulations could affect many areas of the traditional electric operating companies', Southern Power's, and the natural gas distribution utilities' operations. The impact of any such changes cannot be determined at this time. Environmental compliance costs could affect earnings if such costs cannot continue to be fully recovered in rates on a timely basis for the traditional electric operating companies and the natural gas distribution utilities or through long-term wholesale agreements for the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power. Environmental compliance spending over the next several years may differ materially from the amounts estimated. The timing, specific requirements, and estimated costs could change as environmental statutes and regulations are adopted or modified, as compliance plans are revised or updated, and as legal challenges to rules are completed. Further, higherincreased costs that are recovered through regulated rates could contribute to reduced demand for electricity and natural gas, which could negatively affect results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Additionally, many commercial and industrial customers may also be affected by existing and future environmental requirements, which for some may have the potential to ultimately affect their demand for electricity and natural gas. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters" of Southern Company in Item 7 and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Environmental Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Environmental StatutesLaws and Regulations
Air QualityCoal Combustion Residuals
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters Environmental StatutesLaws and Regulations Air Quality" Coal Combustion Residuals" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the Disposal of Coal Combustion Residuals from Electric Utilities rule (CCR Rule).
Consistent with the EPA's eight-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS).
On June 2, 2017,announced plans to reconsider certain portions of the CCR Rule, on March 15, 2018, the EPA published athe first of two proposed coal ash rules it plans to finalize by no later than December 2019. The impact of any changes to the CCR Rule will depend on the content of the final rule redesignating a 15-county area within metropolitan Atlanta to attainment forand the 2008 eight-hour ozone NAAQS.
On June 18, 2017, the EPA published a notice delaying attainment designations for the 2015 eight-hour ozone NAAQS by one year, setting a revised deadline of October 1, 2018. The ultimate outcome of this matterany legal challenges and cannot be determined at this time.
Water QualityGlobal Climate Issues
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters Environmental Statutes and Regulations Water Quality"Global Climate Issues" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding domestic GHG policies.
Through 2017, the final effluent guidelines rule and the final rule revising the regulatory definitionSouthern Company system has achieved an estimated GHG emission reduction of waters36% since 2007. In April 2018, Southern Company established an intermediate goal of the U.S. for all Clean Water Act (CWA) programs.a 50% reduction in carbon emissions

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On April 25, 2017,from 2007 levels by 2030 and a long-term goal of low- to no-carbon operations by 2050. To achieve these goals, the EPA published a notice announcing it would reconsiderSouthern Company system expects to continue growing its renewable energy portfolio, optimize technology advancements to modernize its transmission and distribution systems, increase the effluent guidelines rule, which had been finalizeduse of natural gas for generation, complete construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, invest in November 2015. On June 6, 2017, the EPA proposed a rule establishing a stay of the compliance deadlines for certain effluent limitationsenergy efficiency, and pretreatment standards under the rule.
On June 27, 2017, the EPAcontinue research and development efforts focused on technologies to lower GHG emissions. The Southern Company system's ability to achieve these goals also will be dependent on many external factors, including supportive national energy policies, low natural gas prices, and the U.S. Army Corpsdevelopment, deployment, and advancement of Engineers proposed to rescind the final rule that revised the regulatory definition of waters of the U.S. for all CWA programs. The final rule has been stayed since October 2015 by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.
relevant energy technologies. The ultimate outcome of these mattersthis matter cannot be determined at this time.
Global Climate Issues
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters Global Climate Issues" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
On March 28, 2017, the U.S. President signed an executive order directing agencies to review actions that potentially burden the development or use of domestically produced energy resources. The executive order specifically directs the EPA to review the Clean Power Plan and final greenhouse gas emission standards for new, modified, and reconstructed electric generating units and, if appropriate, take action to suspend, revise, or rescind those rules.
On June 1, 2017, the U.S. President announced that the United States will withdraw from the non-binding Paris Agreement and begin renegotiation of its terms.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
FERC Matters
Market-Based Rate Authority
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "FERC Matters Market-Based Rate Authority" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's market power proceeding and amendment to their market-rate tariff.
On May 17, 2017, the FERC accepted the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's compliance filing accepting the terms of the FERC's February 2, 2017 order regarding an amendment by the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power to their market-based rate tariff. While the FERC's order references the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's market power proceeding, it remains a separate, ongoing matter.
Southern Company Gas
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "FERC Matters Southern Company Gas" of Southern Company in Item 7 and Note 4 to the financial statements of Southern Company in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Southern Company Gas' pipeline projects.
On August 1, 2017, the Dalton Pipeline was placed in service as authorized by the FERC and transportation service for customers commenced.
Regulatory Matters
Fuel Cost Recovery
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Regulatory Matters Fuel Cost Recovery" of Southern Company in Item 7 and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Alabama Power – Rate ECR" and "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power –

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Fuel Cost Recovery" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding fuel cost recovery for the traditional electric operating companies.
The traditional electric operating companies each have established fuel cost recovery rates approved by their respective state PSCs. Fuel cost recovery revenues are adjusted for differences in actual recoverable fuel costs and amounts billed in current regulated rates. Accordingly, changes in the billing factor will not have a significant effect on Southern Company's revenues or net income, but will affect cash flow. The traditional electric operating companies continuously monitor their under or over recovered fuel cost balances and make appropriate filings with their state PSCs to adjust fuel cost recovery rates as necessary.
Renewables
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Regulatory Matters Renewables" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the Southern Company system's renewables activity.
On May 16, 2017, the Georgia PSC approved Georgia Power's request to build, own, and operate a 139-MW solar generation facility at a U.S. Air Force base that is expected to be placed in service by the end of 2019.
During the six months ended June 30, 2017, Georgia Power continued construction of a 31-MW solar generation facility at a U.S. Marine Corps base that is expected to be placed in service in the fourth quarter 2017.
Mississippi Power placed in service two solar projects in January 2017 and June 2017. A third solar project is expected to be placed in service in the third quarter 2017. Mississippi Power may retire the renewable energy credits (REC) generated on behalf of its customers or sell the RECs, separately or bundled with energy, to third parties.
On June 9, 2017, Mississippi Power submitted a CPCN to the Mississippi PSC for the approval of construction, operation, and maintenance of a 52.5-MW solar energy generating facility, which, if approved, is expected to be placed in service by January 2020.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Alabama Power
Alabama Power's revenues from regulated retail operations are collected through various rate mechanisms subject to the oversight of the Alabama PSC. Alabama Power currently recovers its costs from the regulated retail business primarily through Rate RSE, Rate CNP, Rate ECR, and Rate NDR. In addition, the Alabama PSC issues accounting orders to address current events impacting Alabama Power. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Alabama Power" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information regarding Alabama Power's rate mechanisms, accounting orders, and accounting orders. Thethe recovery balance of each regulatory clause for Alabama Power.
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved modifications to Rate RSE and other commitments designed to position Alabama Power to address the growing pressure on its credit quality resulting from the Tax Reform Legislation, without increasing retail rates under Rate RSE in the near term. Alabama Power plans to reduce growth in total debt by increasing equity, with corresponding reductions in debt issuances, thereby de-leveraging its capital structure. Alabama Power's goal is reportedto achieve an equity ratio of approximately 55% by the end of 2025. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters – Federal Tax Reform Legislation" of Southern Company in Note (B)Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Rate RSE
The approved modifications to Rate RSE are effective June 2018 and applicable for January 2019 billings and thereafter. The modifications include reducing the top of the allowed weighted common equity return (WCER) range from 6.21% to 6.15% and modifications to the Condensed Financial Statements herein.refund mechanism applicable to prior year actual results. The modifications to the refund mechanism allow Alabama Power to retain a portion of the revenue that causes the actual WCER for a given year to exceed the allowed range.

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In conjunction with these modifications to Rate RSE, Alabama Power committed to a moratorium on any upward adjustments under Rate RSE for 2019 and 2020. Additionally, Alabama Power will return $50 million to customers through bill credits in 2019. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
In accordance with an established retail tariff that provides for an interim adjustment to customer billings to recognize the impact of a change in the statutory income tax rate, Alabama Power will also return approximately $257 million to retail customers through bill credits in the second half of 2018 as a result of the change in the federal income tax rate under the Tax Reform Legislation.
Rate ECR
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved an increase to Rate ECR from 2.015 cents per KWH to 2.353 cents per KWH effective July 2018 which is expected to result in additional collections of approximately $100 million through December 31, 2018. The approved increase in the Rate ECR factor will have no significant effect on Southern Company's net income, but will increase operating cash flows related to fuel cost recovery in 2018. The rate will return to 5.910 cents per KWH in 2019, absent a further order from the Alabama PSC. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Accounting Order
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved an accounting order that authorizes Alabama Power to defer the benefits of federal excess deferred income taxes associated with the Tax Reform Legislation for the year ending December 31, 2018 as a regulatory liability. Up to $30 million of such deferrals may be used to offset under-recovered amounts under Rate ECR, with any remaining amounts to be used for the benefit of customers as determined by the Alabama PSC. Alabama Power expects the benefits deferred to total approximately $30 million to $50 million. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time. See Note 5 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Federal Tax Reform Legislation" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Georgia Power
Georgia Power's revenues from regulated retail operations are collected through various rate mechanisms subject to the oversight of the Georgia PSC. Georgia Power currently recovers its costs from the regulated retail business through the 2013 ARP, which includes traditional base tariff rates, Demand-Side Management tariffs, Environmental Compliance Cost Recovery tariffs, and Municipal Franchise Fee tariffs. In addition, financing costs related to thecertified construction costs of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are being collected through the NCCR tariff and fuel costs are collected through a separate fuel cost recovery tariff. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersGeorgia PowerNuclear Construction" herein and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Nuclear"Nuclear Construction" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Georgia Power's NCCR tariff. Also see Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersGeorgia PowerFuel Cost Recovery" herein for additional information regarding Georgia Power's fuel cost recovery.
Rate Plans
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Rate Plans" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Georgia Power's 2013 ARP and the Georgia PSC's 2018 order related to the Tax Reform Legislation.
On April 3, 2018, the Georgia PSC approved a settlement agreement between Georgia Power and the staff of the Georgia PSC regarding the retail rate impact of the Tax Reform Legislation (Georgia Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement). Pursuant to the Georgia Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, to reflect the federal income tax rate reduction impact of the Tax Reform Legislation, Georgia Power will refund to customers a total of $330 million through bill credits of $131 million in October 2018, $96 million in June 2019, and $103 million in February 2020. In addition, Georgia Power is deferring as a regulatory liability (i) the revenue equivalent of the tax expense reduction resulting from legislation lowering the Georgia state income tax rate from 6.00% to 5.75% in 2019 and

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Integrated Resource Plan(ii) the entire benefit of approximately $700 million in federal and state excess accumulated deferred income taxes. The amortization of these regulatory liabilities is expected to be addressed in Georgia Power's next base rate case, which is scheduled to be filed by July 1, 2019. If there is not a base rate case in 2019, customers will receive $185 million in annual bill credits beginning in 2020, with any additional federal and state income tax savings deferred as a regulatory liability, until Georgia Power's next base rate case.
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Integrated Resource Plan" of Southern Company in Item 7To address the negative cash flow and credit metric impacts of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Georgia Power's triennial Integrated Resource Plan.
On March 7, 2017,Tax Reform Legislation, the Georgia PSC also approved an increase in Georgia Power's decisionretail equity ratio to suspend work at a future generation sitethe lower of (i) Georgia Power's actual common equity weight in Stewart County,its capital structure or (ii) 55%, until Georgia due to changing economics, including load forecasts and lower fuel costs. The timing of recovery for costs incurred of approximately $50 million will be determined by the Georgia PSC in a futurePower's next base rate case. The ultimate outcomeBenefits from reduced federal income tax rates in excess of this matter cannotthe amounts refunded to customers will be determined at this time.retained by Georgia Power to cover the carrying costs of the incremental equity in 2018 and 2019.
Gulf Power
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Regulatory Matters – Gulf Power" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regardinginformation.
As a continuation of the 2017 Gulf Power's October 2016 request to the Florida PSC to increase retail base rates and Gulf Power's ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3.
On April 4, 2017,Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement, on March 26, 2018, the Florida PSC approved the 2017 Rate Case Settlement Agreementa stipulation and settlement agreement among Gulf Power and three intervenors with respectaddressing the retail revenue requirement effects of the Tax Reform Legislation (Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement).
The Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement results in annual reductions to Gulf Power's requestrevenues of $18.2 million from base rates and $15.6 million from environmental cost recovery rates, implemented April 1, 2018, and also provides for a one-time refund of $69.4 million for the retail portion of unprotected (not subject to increase retail base rates. Undernormalization) deferred tax liabilities through Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery rate over the termsremainder of 2018. As a result of the 2017 Rate CaseGulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, Gulf Power increased rates effective with the first billing cycle in July 2017 to provideFlorida PSC also approved an annual overall net customer impact of approximately $54.3 million. The net customer impact consists of a $62.0 million increase in annual base revenues less an annual equivalent credit of approximately $7.7 million for 2017 for certain wholesale revenues to be provided through December 2019 through the purchased power capacity cost recovery clause. In addition, Gulf Power continued its authorized retail ROE midpoint (10.25%) and range (9.25% to 11.25%) and is deemed to have anPower's maximum equity ratio offrom 52.5% to 53.5% for all retail regulatory purposes.
As part of the Gulf Power will also begin amortizing the regulatory asset associated with the investment balances remaining after the retirement of Plant Smith Units 1 and 2 (357 MWs) over 15 years effective January 1, 2018 and will implement new depreciation rates effective January 1, 2018. The 2017 Rate CaseTax Reform Settlement Agreement, also resulteda limited scope proceeding to address protected deferred tax liabilities consistent with IRS normalization principles was initiated on April 30, 2018. Pending resolution of this proceeding, Gulf Power is deferring the related amounts for 2018 as a regulatory liability. Unless otherwise agreed to by the parties to the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, amounts recorded in a $32.5 million write-down ofthis regulatory liability will be refunded to retail customers in 2019 through Gulf Power's ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3 (205 MWs), which was recorded in the first quarter 2017. The remaining issues related to the inclusion of Gulf Power's investment in Plant Scherer Unit 3 in retail rates have been resolved as a result of the 2017 Rate Case Settlement Agreement, including recoverability of certain costs associated with the ongoing ownership and operation of the unit through the environmentalfuel cost recovery clause rate approved by the Florida PSC in November 2016.
Southern Company Gas
Natural Gas Cost Recovery
Southern Company Gas has established natural gas cost recovery rates approved by the relevant state regulatory agencies in the states in which it serves. Natural gas cost recovery revenues are adjusted for differences in actual recoverable natural gas costs and amounts billed in current regulated rates. Changes in the billing factor will not have a significant effect on Southern Company's revenues or net income, but will affect cash flows.
Base Rate Cases
On March 10, 2017, Nicor Gas filed a general base rate case with the Illinois Commission requesting a $208 million increase in annual base rate revenues. The requested increase is based on a 2018 projected test year and a ROE of 10.7%. The Illinois Commission is expected to rule on the requested increase within the 11-month statutory time limit, after which rate adjustments will be effective. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Mississippi Power
On February 7, 2018, Mississippi Power revised its annual projected PEP filing for 2018 to reflect the impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. The revised filing requests an increase of $26 million in annual revenues, based on a performance adjusted ROE of 9.33% and an increased equity ratio of 55%. The Mississippi PSC is expected to rule on this request in mid-2018. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Southern Company Gas
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas" herein for additional information.
In December 2017, Atlanta Gas Light filed its 2018 annual rate adjustment with the Georgia PSC, which, if approved, would have increased annual base rate revenues by $22 million, effective June 1, 2018. On February 23, 2018, Atlanta Gas Light revised its filing to reflect the impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. The revised request replaced the $22 million rate increase with a $16 million rate reduction for customers in 2018. The revised request maintains the previously authorized earnings band based on a return on equity between 10.55% and 10.95% and proposes to increase the equity ratio by 3% to an equity ratio of 54% to address the negative cash flow and credit metric impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. Atlanta Gas Light also notified the Georgia PSC that it intends to

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seek a further equity ratio increase of 2% to an equity ratio of 56% in its 2019 filing. The Georgia PSC is expected to rule on the revised request in the second quarter 2018.
In accordance with an Illinois Commission order and pursuant to its rehearing request, on April 13, 2018, Nicor Gas filed for revised base rates with the Illinois Commission, which would result in a decrease of approximately $44 million in annual base rate revenues effective in the second quarter 2018 to incorporate the reduction in the federal income tax rate as a result of the Tax Reform Legislation. Nicor Gas' previously-authorized capital structure and ROE of 9.8% were not addressed in the rehearing and remain unchanged. The Illinois Commission is expected to rule on the request on May 2, 2018.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Kemper County Energy Facility
For additional information on the Kemper County energy facility, see Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K.
As the mining permit holder for the Kemper County energy facility, Liberty Fuels Company, LLC has a legal obligation to perform mine reclamation, and Mississippi Power has a contractual obligation to fund all reclamation activities. Mine reclamation began in the first quarter 2018. See Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Asset Retirement Obligations and Other Costs of Removal" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
During the first quarter 2018, Mississippi Power recorded charges to income of $44 million ($33 million after tax), primarily resulting from the abandonment and related closure activities for the mine and gasifier-related assets at the Kemper County energy facility. Additional closure costs for the mine and gasifier-related assets, including ash disposal, currently estimated to cost up to $50 million pre-tax (excluding salvage), are expected to be incurred during the remainder of 2018 and 2019. In addition, period costs, including, but not limited to, costs for compliance and safety, ARO accretion, and property taxes for the mine and gasifier-related assets, are estimated at $4 million for the remainder of 2018, $4 million in 2019, and $1 million annually beginning in 2020. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
The combined cycle and associated common facilities portions of the Kemper County energy facility were dedicated as Plant Ratcliffe on April 27, 2018.
Construction Program
Overview
The subsidiary companies of Southern Company are engaged in continuous construction programs to accommodate existing and estimated future loads on their respective systems. The Southern Company system intends to continue its strategy of developing and constructing new electric generating facilities, adding environmental modifications to certain existing units, expanding the electric transmission and distribution systems, and updating and expanding the natural gas distribution systems. For the traditional electric operating companies, major generation construction projects are subject to state PSC approval in order to be included in retail rates. While Southern Power generally constructs and acquires generation assets covered by long-term PPAs, any uncontracted capacity could negatively affect future earnings. Southern Company Gas is engaged in various infrastructure improvement programs designed to update or expand the natural gas distribution systems of the natural gas distribution utilities to improve reliability and meet operational flexibility and growth. The natural gas distribution utilities recover their investment and a return associated with these infrastructure programs through their regulated rates. See Notes 3 and 12 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas – Regulatory Infrastructure Programs" and "Southern Power – Construction Projects in Progress," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (J) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Power" herein for additional information.

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The largest construction project currently underway in the Southern Company system is Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 (45.7% ownership interest by Georgia Power in the two units, each with approximately 1,100 MWs). Georgia Power and the other Vogtle Owners are continuing to conduct comprehensive schedule and cost-to-complete assessments, as well as cancellation cost assessments, to determine the impact of the EPC Contractor's bankruptcy filing on the construction cost and schedule for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Georgia Power will continue working with the Georgia PSC and the other Vogtle Owners to determine future actions related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, including, but not limited to, the status of construction and rate recovery, and currently expects to include its recommendation in its seventeenth VCM report to be filed with the Georgia PSC in late August 2017. On June 21, 2017, the Mississippi PSC directed Mississippi Power to pursue a settlement under which the Kemper IGCC would be operated as a natural gas plant rather than an IGCC plant and, on June 28, 2017, Mississippi Power notified the Mississippi PSC that it would begin a process to suspend operations and start-up activities on the gasifier portion of the plant. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Nuclear"Nuclear Construction" and "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersGeorgia PowerNuclear Construction" and "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle""Nuclear Construction" herein for additional information. For additional information about costs relating to Southern Power's acquisitions that involve construction of renewable energy facilities, see Note 12 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Southern Power – Construction Projects" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (I) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Power" herein. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas – Regulatory Infrastructure Programs" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersSouthern Company GasRegulatory Infrastructure Programs" herein for information regarding infrastructure improvement programs at the natural gas distribution utilities.
Also see FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" herein for additional information regarding Southern Company's capital requirements for its subsidiaries' construction programs.
Integrated Coal Gasification Combined CycleNuclear Construction
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Nuclear Construction" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, VCM reports, and the NCCR tariff.
Vogtle 3 and 4 Contracts
Effective in July 2017, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the other Vogtle Owners, and the EPC Contractor entered into the Vogtle Services Agreement, whereby Westinghouse will provide facility design and engineering services, procurement and technical support, and staff augmentation on a time and materials cost basis. The Kemper IGCC was approvedVogtle Services Agreement will continue until the start-up and testing of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are complete and electricity is generated and sold from both units. The Vogtle Services Agreement is terminable by the Mississippi PSC inVogtle Owners upon 30 days' written notice.
In October 2017, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the 2010 CPCN proceedings,other Vogtle Owners, entered into a construction completion agreement with Bechtel, whereby Bechtel will serve as the primary contractor for the remaining construction activities for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 (Bechtel Agreement). The Bechtel Agreement is a cost reimbursable plus fee arrangement, whereby Bechtel is reimbursed for actual costs plus a base fee and an at-risk fee, which is subject to a constructionadjustment based on Bechtel's performance against cost capand schedule targets. Each Vogtle Owner is severally (not jointly) liable for its proportionate share, based on its ownership interest, of $2.88 billion, net of $245 million of Initial DOE Grants and excludingall amounts owed to Bechtel under the Cost Cap Exceptions.Bechtel Agreement. The combined cycle and associated common facilitiesVogtle Owners may terminate the Bechtel Agreement at any time for their convenience, provided that the Vogtle Owners will be required to pay amounts related to work performed prior to the termination (including the applicable portion of the Kemper IGCC were placed in service in August 2014.
In December 2015,base fee), certain termination-related costs, and, at certain stages of the Mississippi PSC issued an order (In-Service Asset Rate Order), based on a stipulationwork, the applicable portion of the at-risk fee. Bechtel may terminate the Bechtel Agreement under certain circumstances, including certain Vogtle Owner suspensions of work, certain breaches of the Bechtel Agreement by the Vogtle Owners, Vogtle Owner insolvency, and certain other events. Pursuant to the Loan Guarantee Agreement between MississippiGeorgia Power and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff, authorizing rates thatDOE, Georgia Power is required to obtain the DOE's approval of the Bechtel Agreement prior to obtaining any further advances under the Loan Guarantee Agreement.
In November 2017, the Vogtle Owners entered into an amendment to their joint ownership agreements for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 (as amended, Vogtle Joint Ownership Agreements) to provide for, the recovery of approximately $126 million annually relatedamong other conditions, additional Vogtle Owner approval requirements. Pursuant to the combined cycleVogtle Joint Ownership Agreements, the holders of at least 90% of the ownership interests in Plant Vogtle Units 3 and associated common facilities portion4 must vote to continue construction if certain adverse events occur, including (i) the bankruptcy of Kemper IGCC assets previously placedToshiba; (ii) termination or rejection in service. Asbankruptcy of certain agreements, including the Vogtle Services Agreement or the Bechtel Agreement; (iii) the Georgia PSC or Georgia Power determines that any of Georgia Power's costs relating to the construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 will not be recovered in retail rates because such costs are deemed unreasonable or imprudent; or (iv) an increase in the construction budget contained in the seventeenth VCM report of more than $1 billion or extension of the project schedule contained in the seventeenth VCM report of more than one year. In addition, pursuant to the Vogtle Joint Ownership Agreements, the required byapproval of holders of ownership interests in Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 is at least (i) 90% for a change of the In-Service Asset Rate Order, on June 5, 2017,primary construction contractor and (ii) 67% for material amendments to the Vogtle Services Agreement or agreements with Southern Nuclear or the primary construction contractor, including the Bechtel Agreement. The Vogtle Joint Ownership Agreements also confirm that the Vogtle Owners' sole recourse against Georgia Power or Southern Nuclear for any action or inaction in connection with their performance as agent

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Mississippi Power made a rate filing requesting to adjust the amortization schedules of the regulatory assets reviewed and determined prudent in a manner that would not change customer rates or annual revenues. On June 28, 2017, the Mississippi PSC suspended this filing. On July 6, 2017, the Mississippi PSC issued an order requiring Mississippi Power to establish a regulatory liability account to maintain current rates related to the Kemper IGCC following the July 2017 completion of the amortization period for certain regulatory assets approved in the In-Service Asset Rate Order that would allow for subsequent refund if the Mississippi PSC deems the rates unjust and unreasonable.
The remainder of the plant includes the gasifiers and the gas clean-up facilities. The initial production of syngas began on July 14, 2016 for gasifier "B" and on September 13, 2016 for gasifier "A." Mississippi Power achieved integrated operation of both gasifiers on January 29, 2017, including the production of electricity from syngas in both combustion turbines. During testing, the plant produced and captured CO2, and produced sulfuric acid and ammonia, each of acceptable quality under the related off-take agreements. However, Mississippi Power experienced numerous challenges during the extended start-up process to achieve integrated operation of the gasifiers on a sustained basis. Most recently, in May 2017, after achieving these milestones, Mississippi Power determined that a critical system component, the syngas coolers, would need replacement sooner than originally planned, which would require significant lead time and significant cost. In addition, the long-term natural gas price forecast has decreased significantly and the estimated cost of operating and maintaining the facility during the first five full years of operations increased significantly since certification.
On June 21, 2017, the Mississippi PSC stated its intent to issue the Kemper Settlement Order (which occurred on July 6, 2017) directing Mississippi Power to pursue a settlement under which the Kemper County energy facility would be operated as a natural gas plant, rather than an IGCC plant, and address all issues associated with the Kemper IGCC. The Kemper Settlement Order established the Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket for the purposes of pursuing a global settlement of costs of the Kemper IGCC. The Mississippi PSC requested any such proposed settlement agreement reflect: (i) at a minimum, no rate increase to Mississippi Power customers (with a rate reduction focused on residential customers encouraged); (ii) removal of all cost risk to customers associated with the Kemper IGCC gasifier and related assets; and (iii) modification or amendment of the CPCN for the Kemper IGCC to allow only for ownership and operation of a natural gas facility. The Kemper Settlement Order provides that any related settlement agreement be filed within 45 days from the effective date of the Kemper Settlement Order. If a settlement agreement is filed, a hearing will be set 45 days from the date of the settlement's filing, and the appropriate scheduling order will be established.
Although the ability to achieve a negotiated settlement is uncertain, Mississippi Power intends to pursue any available settlement alternatives. In addition, the Kemper Settlement Order provides that, in the event a settlement agreement is not reached, the Mississippi PSC reserves its right to take any appropriate steps, including issuing an order to show cause as to why the CPCN for the Kemper IGCC should not be revoked.
On June 28, 2017, Mississippi Power notified the Mississippi PSC that it would begin a process to suspend operations and start-up activities on the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC, given the uncertainty as to the future of the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC. Mississippi Power expects to continue to operate the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC as it has done since August 2014.
At the time of project suspension, the total cost estimate for the Kemper IGCC was approximately $7.38 billion, including approximately $5.95 billion of costs subject to the construction cost cap, and was net of the $137 million in Additional DOE Grants. Mississippi Power recorded pre-tax charges to income for revisions to the cost estimate subject to the construction cost cap totaling $196 million ($121 million after tax) in the second quarter through May 31, 2017 and a total of $305 million ($188 million after tax) for year-to-date through May 31, 2017. In the aggregate, Mississippi Power incurred charges of $3.07 billion ($1.89 billion after tax) as a result of changes in the cost estimate above the cost cap for the Kemper IGCC through May 31, 2017. The May 31, 2017 cost estimate included approximately $175 million of estimated costs to be incurred beyond the then-estimated in-service date of June 30, 2017 that were expected to be subject to the $2.88 billion cost cap.

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At June 30, 2017, approximately $3.3 billion in actual Kemper IGCC costs were not reflected in Mississippi Power's retail and wholesale rates, of which $0.5 billion was related to the combined cycle and associated facilities and $2.8 billion was related to the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC.
While the ultimate disposition of the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC remains subject to the Mississippi PSC's jurisdiction, including the potential resolution of the matters addressed in the Kemper Settlement Order, given the Mississippi PSC's stated intent regarding no further rate increase for the Kemper County energy facility, cost recovery of the gasification portions is no longer probable; therefore, Mississippi Power recorded an additional charge to income in June 2017 of $2.8 billion ($2.0 billion after tax), which includes estimated costs associated with the gasification portions of the plant and lignite mine. In the event the gasification portions of the project are ultimately canceled, additional pre-tax costs currently estimated at approximately $100 million to $200 million are expected to be incurred.
Total pre-tax charges to income for the estimated probable losses on the Kemper IGCC were $3.0 billion ($2.1 billion after tax) for the second quarter 2017 and $3.1 billion ($2.2 billion after tax) for the six months ended June 30, 2017. In the aggregate, since the Kemper IGCC project started, Mississippi Power has incurred charges of $6.0 billion ($3.9 billion after tax) through June 30, 2017.
As of June 30, 2017, Mississippi Power has recorded a total of approximately $1.3 billion in costs associated with the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC including transmission and related regulatory assets, of which $0.8 billion is included in retail and wholesale rates. The $0.5 billion not included in current rates includes costs in excess of the original 2010 estimate for the combined cycle portion of the facility, as well as the 15% that was previously contracted to SMEPA. Mississippi Power has calculated the revenue requirements resulting from these remaining costs, using reasonable assumptions for amortization periods, and expects them to be recovered through rates consistent with the Mississippi PSC's requested settlement conditions. The ultimate outcome will be determined by the Mississippi PSC in the Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket proceedings.
For additional information on the Kemper IGCC, including information on the project economic viability analysis, pending lawsuits, and an ongoing SEC investigation, see Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" and "Other Matters" and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein. Also see "Litigation" herein.
Litigation
On April 26, 2016, a complaint against Mississippi Power was filed in Harrison County Circuit Court (Circuit Court) by Biloxi Freezing & Processing Inc., Gulfside Casino Partnership, and John Carlton Dean, which was amended and refiled on July 11, 2016 to include, among other things, Southern Company as a defendant. The individual plaintiff alleges that Mississippi Power and Southern Company violated the Mississippi Unfair Trade Practices Act. All plaintiffs have alleged that Mississippi Power and Southern Company concealed, falsely represented, and failed to fully disclose important facts concerning the cost and schedule of the Kemper IGCC and that these alleged breaches have unjustly enriched Mississippi Power and Southern Company. The plaintiffs seek unspecified actual damages and punitive damages; ask the Circuit Court to appoint a receiver to oversee, operate, manage, and otherwise control all affairs relating to the Kemper IGCC; ask the Circuit Court to revoke any licenses or certificates authorizing Mississippi Power or Southern Company to engage in any business related to the Kemper IGCC in Mississippi; and seek attorney's fees, costs, and interest. The plaintiffs also seek an injunction to prevent any Kemper IGCC costs from being charged to customers through electric rates. On June 23, 2017, the Circuit Court ruled in favor of motions by Southern Company and Mississippi Power and dismissed the case. On July 7, 2017, the plaintiffs filed notice to appeal to the Mississippi Supreme Court.
On June 9, 2016, Treetop Midstream Services, LLC (Treetop) and other related parties filed a complaint against Mississippi Power, Southern Company, and SCS in the state court in Gwinnett County, Georgia. The complaint relates to the cancelled CO2 contract with Treetop and alleges fraudulent misrepresentation, fraudulent concealment, civil conspiracy, and breach of contract on the part of Mississippi Power, Southern Company, and SCS and seeks

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compensatory damages of $100 million, as well as unspecified punitive damages. Southern Company, Mississippi Power, and SCS have moved to compel arbitration pursuant to the terms of the CO2 contract, which the court granted on May 4, 2017. On June 28, 2017, Treetop and other related parties filed a claim for arbitration requesting $500 million in damages.
Southern Company believes these legal challenges have no merit; however, an adverse outcome in these proceedings could have a material impact on Southern Company's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity. Southern Company will vigorously defend itself in these matters, and the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Nuclear Construction
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Nuclear Construction" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, VCM reports, the NCCR tariff, and the Contractor Settlement Agreement.
Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement and EPC Contractor Bankruptcy
In 2008, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners entered into the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, pursuantis limited to which the EPC Contractor agreed to design, engineer, procure, construct, and test Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Under the termsremoval of the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, the Vogtle Owners agreed to pay a purchase price subject to certain price escalations and adjustments, including fixed escalation amounts and index-based adjustments, as well as adjustments for change orders, and performance bonuses for early completion and unit performance. Georgia Power's proportionate share of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 is 45.7%.
The Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement also provided for liquidated damages upon the EPC Contractor's failure to fulfill the schedule and certain performance guarantees, each subject to an aggregate cap of 10% of the contract price, or approximately $920 million (approximately $420 million based on Georgia Power's ownership interest). Under the Toshiba Guarantee, Toshiba guaranteed certain payment obligations of the EPC Contractor, including any liability of the EPC Contractor for abandonment of work. In January 2016, Westinghouse delivered to the Vogtle Owners $920 million of letters of credit from financial institutions (Westinghouse Letters of Credit) to secure a portion of the EPC Contractor's potential obligations under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement. The Westinghouse Letters of Credit are subject to annual renewals through June 30, 2020 and require 60 days' written notice to Georgia Power in the event the Westinghouse Letters of Credit will not be renewed.
Under the terms of the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, the EPC Contractor did not have the right to terminate the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement for convenience. In the event of an abandonment of work by the EPC Contractor, the maximum liability of the EPC Contractor under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement was 40% of the contract price (approximately $1.7 billion based on Georgia Power's ownership interest).
On March 29, 2017, the EPC Contractor filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. To provide for a continuation of work at Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, Georgia Power, acting for itself andand/or Southern Nuclear as agent, for the Vogtle Owners, entered into the Interim Assessment Agreement, which the bankruptcy court approved on March 30, 2017.
The Interim Assessment Agreement provided, among other items, that during the termexcept in cases of the Interim Assessment Agreement (i) Georgia Power was obligated to pay, on behalf of the Vogtle Owners, all costs accrued by the EPC Contractor for subcontractors and vendors for services performed or goods provided, with these amounts paid to the EPC Contractor, except that amounts accrued for Fluor Corporation (Fluor) were paid directly to Fluor; (ii) the EPC Contractor provided certain engineering, procurement, and management services for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, to the same extent as contemplated by the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, and Georgia Power, on behalf of the Vogtle Owners, made payments of $5.4 million per week for these services; (iii) Georgia Power had the right to make payments, on behalf of the Vogtle Owners, directly to subcontractors and vendors who had accounts past due with the EPC Contractor; (iv) the EPC Contractor used commercially reasonable efforts to provide information reasonably requested by Georgia Power as was necessary to continue construction and investigation of the

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completion status of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4; (v) the EPC Contractor rejected or accepted the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement by the termination of the Interim Assessment Agreement; and (vi) Georgia Power did not exercise any remedies against Toshiba under the Toshiba Guarantee. Under the Interim Assessment Agreement, all parties expressly reserved all rights and remedies under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement and all related security and collateral under applicable law.
The Interim Assessment Agreement, as amended, expired on July 27, 2017. Georgia Power's aggregate liability for the Vogtle Owners under the Interim Assessment Agreement totaled approximately $650 million, of which $552 million had been paid or accrued as of June 30, 2017. Georgia Power's proportionate share of this aggregate liability totaled approximately $297 million.
Subsequent to the EPC Contractor bankruptcy filing, a number of subcontractors to the EPC Contractor, including Fluor Enterprises, Inc., a subsidiary of Fluor, alleged non-payment by the EPC Contractor for amounts owed for work performed on Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, has taken, and continues to take, actions to remove liens filed by these subcontractors through the posting of surety bonds. Georgia Power estimates the aggregate liability, through July 31, 2017, of the Vogtle Owners for the removal of subcontractor liens and payment of other EPC Contractor pre-petition accounts payable to total approximately $400 million, of which $354 million had been paid or accrued as of June 30, 2017. Georgia Power's proportionate share of this aggregate liability totaled approximately $183 million.
On June 9, 2017, Georgia Power and the other Vogtle Owners and Toshiba entered the Guarantee Settlement Agreement. Pursuant to the Guarantee Settlement Agreement, Toshiba acknowledged the amount of its obligation under the Toshiba Guarantee is $3.68 billion, of which Georgia Power's proportionate share is approximately $1.7 billion, and that the Guarantee Obligations exist regardless of whether Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are completed. The Guarantee Settlement Agreement also provides for a schedule of payments for the Guarantee Obligations, beginning in October 2017 and continuing through January 2021. In the event Toshiba receives certain payments, including sale proceeds, from or related to Westinghouse (or its subsidiaries) or Toshiba Nuclear Energy Holdings (UK) Limited (or its subsidiaries), it will hold a portion of such payments in trust for the Vogtle Owners and promptly pay them as offsets against any remaining Guarantee Obligations. Under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement, the Vogtle Owners will forbear from exercising certain remedies, including drawing on the Westinghouse Letters of Credit, until June 30, 2020, unless certain events of nonpayment, insolvency, or other material breach of the Guarantee Settlement Agreement by Toshiba occur. If such an event occurs, the balance of the Guarantee Obligations will become immediately due and payable, and the Vogtle Owners may exercise any and all rights and remedies, including drawing on the Westinghouse Letters of Credit without restriction. In addition, the Guarantee Settlement Agreement does not restrict the Vogtle Owners from fully drawing on the Westinghouse Letters of Credit in the event they are not renewed or replaced prior to the expiration date.
On June 23, 2017, Toshiba released a revised outlook for fiscal year 2016, which reflected a negative shareholders' equity balance of approximately $5 billion as of March 31, 2017, and announced that its independent audit process was continuing. Toshiba has also announced the existence of material events and conditions that raise substantial doubt about Toshiba's ability to continue as a going concern. As a result, substantial risk regarding the Vogtle Owners' ability to fully collect the Guarantee Obligations continues to exist. An inability or other failure by Toshiba to perform its obligations under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement could have a further material impact on the net cost to the Vogtle Owners to complete construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 and, therefore, on Southern Company's financial statements.
Additionally, on June 9, 2017, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the other Vogtle Owners, and the EPC Contractor entered into the Services Agreement, which was amended and restated on July 20, 2017, for the EPC Contractor to transition construction management of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 to Southern Nuclear and to provide ongoing design, engineering, and procurement services to Southern Nuclear. On July 20, 2017, the bankruptcy court approved the EPC Contractor's motion seeking authorization to (i) enter into the Services Agreement, (ii) assume and assign to the Vogtle Owners certain project-related contracts, (iii) join the Vogtle Owners as counterparties to certain assumed project-related contracts, and (iv) reject the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement.

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The Services Agreement, and the EPC Contractor's rejection of the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, became effective upon approval by the DOE on July 27, 2017. The Services Agreement will continue until the start-up and testing of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 is complete and electricity is generated and sold from both units. The Services Agreement is terminable by the Vogtle Owners upon 30 days' written notice.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.willful misconduct.
Regulatory Matters
In 2009, the Georgia PSC voted to certify construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 with a certified capital cost of $4.418 billion. In addition, in 2009 the Georgia PSC approved inclusion of the Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 related CWIP accounts in rate base, and the State of Georgia enacted the Georgia Nuclear Energy Financing Act, which allows Georgia Power to recover financing costs for nuclear construction projects certified by the Georgia PSC.Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Financing costs are recovered on all applicable certified costs through annual adjustments to the NCCR tariff by includingup to the related CWIP accounts in rate base during the construction period.certified capital cost of $4.418 billion. As of June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Georgia Power had recovered approximately $1.4$1.6 billion of financing costs. On March 20, 2018, the Georgia PSC approved a decrease to the NCCR tariff of approximately $50 million, effective April 1, 2018.
On December 20,Georgia Power is required to file semi-annual VCM reports with the Georgia PSC by February 28 and August 31 each year. In 2013, in connection with the eighth VCM report, the Georgia PSC approved a stipulation between Georgia Power and the staff of the Georgia PSC to waive the requirement to amend the Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 certificate in accordance with the 2009 certification order until the completion of Plant Vogtle Unit 3, or earlier if deemed appropriate by the Georgia PSC and Georgia Power.
In 2016, the Georgia PSC voted to approve a settlement agreement (Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement) resolving certain prudency matters in connection with the fifteenth VCM report. In December 2017, the Georgia PSC voted to approve (and issued its related order on January 11, 2018) certain recommendations made by Georgia Power in the seventeenth VCM report and modifying the Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement. The Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement, as modified by the January 11, 2018 order, resolved the following prudence matters:regulatory matters related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4: (i) none of the $3.3 billion of costs incurred through December 31, 2015 and reflected in the fourteenth VCM report willshould be disallowed from rate base on the basis of imprudence; (ii) the Contractor Settlement Agreement iswas reasonable and prudent and none of the amounts paid or to be paid pursuant to the Contractor Settlement Agreement should be disallowed from rate base on the basis of imprudence; (iii) financing costs on verified and approved capital costs will be deemed prudent provided they are incurred prior to December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2020 for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, respectively; and (iv) (a) the in-service capital cost forecast will be adjusted to $5.680 billion (Revised Forecast), which includes a contingency of $240 million above Georgia Power's then current forecast of $5.440 billion, (b) capital costs incurred up to the Revised Forecast will$5.68 billion would be presumed to be reasonable and prudent with the burden of proof on any party challenging such costs, and (c)(b) Georgia Power would have the burden to show that any capital costs above $5.68 billion were prudent, and (c) a revised capital cost forecast of $7.3 billion (after reflecting the Revised Forecast are reasonable and prudent. Underimpact of payments received under the terms of the Vogtle CostGuarantee Settlement Agreement and Customer Refunds) was found reasonable; (iv) construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 should be completed, with Southern Nuclear serving as project manager and Bechtel as primary contractor; (v) approved and deemed reasonable Georgia Power's revised schedule placing Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 in service in November 2021 and November 2022, respectively; (vi) confirmed that the certified in-service capitalrevised cost for purposes of calculatingforecast does not represent a cost cap and that prudence decisions on cost recovery will be made at a later date, consistent with applicable Georgia law; (vii) reduced the NCCR tariff will remain at $4.418 billion. Construction capital costs above $4.418 billion will accrue AFUDC through the date each unit is placed in service. The ROE used to calculate the NCCR tariff was reduced(a) from 10.95% (the ROE rate setting point authorized by the Georgia PSC in the 2013 ARP) to 10.00% effective January 1, 2016. For purposes of the AFUDC calculation,2016, (b) from 10.00% to 8.30%, effective January 1, 2020, and (c) from 8.30% to 5.30%, effective January 1, 2021 (provided that the ROE on costs between $4.418 billion and $5.440 billionin no case will also be 10.00% and the ROE on any amounts above $5.440 billion would beless than Georgia Power's average cost of long-term debt. Ifdebt); (viii) reduced the Georgia PSC adjusts Georgia Power's ROE rate setting point in a rate case prior toused for AFUDC equity for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 being placed intofrom 10.00% to Georgia Power's average cost of long-term debt, effective January 1, 2018; and (ix) agreed that upon Unit 3 reaching commercial operation, retail rate base thenrates would be adjusted to include carrying costs on those capital costs deemed prudent in the ROE for purposes of calculating both the NCCR tariff and AFUDC will likewise be 95 basis points lower than the revised ROE rate setting point. IfVogtle Cost Settlement Agreement. The January 11, 2018 order also stated that if Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are not placed in servicecommercially operational by December 31, 2020, then (i)June 1, 2021 and June 1, 2022, respectively, the ROE for purposes of calculatingused to calculate the NCCR tariff will be further reduced an additional 300by 10 basis points or $8 million pereach month and may, at the Georgia PSC's discretion, be accrued to be used for the benefit of customers, until such time as the units are placed in service and (ii) the ROE used to calculate AFUDC will be(but not lower than Georgia Power's average cost of long-term debt.
Underdebt) until the termsrespective unit is commercially operational. The ROE reductions negatively impacted earnings by approximately $25 million in 2017 and are estimated to have negative earnings impacts of the Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement,approximately $100 million in 2018 and an aggregate of $585 million from 2019 to 2022. In its January 11, 2018 order, the Georgia PSC will determine, for retail ratemaking purposes, the process of transitioning Plant Vogtle Units 3stated if other certain conditions and 4 from a construction project to an operating plant no later thanassumptions upon which Georgia Power's base rate case required to be filed by July 1, 2019.
The Georgia PSC has approved fifteenseventeenth VCM reports covering the periods through June 30, 2016, including construction capital costs incurred, which through that date totaled $3.7 billion.report are based do not materialize, both Georgia Power filed its sixteenth VCM report, covering the period from July 1 through December 31, 2016, requesting approval of $222 million of construction capital costs incurred during that period, withand the Georgia PSC on February 27, 2017.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.reserve the right to reconsider the decision to continue construction.

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Revised CostOn February 12, 2018, Georgia Interfaith Power & Light, Inc. and Schedule
Partnership for Southern Equity, Inc. filed a petition appealing the Georgia PSC's January 11, 2018 order with the Fulton County Superior Court. On March 8, 2018, Georgia Watch filed a similar appeal to the Fulton County Superior Court for judicial review of the Georgia PSC's final decision and denial of Georgia Watch's motion for reconsideration. Georgia Power believes the two appeals have no merit; however, an adverse outcome in either appeal could have a material impact on Southern Company's results of operations, financial condition, and the other Vogtle Owners are continuingliquidity.
The IRS has allocated PTCs to conduct comprehensive schedule and cost-to-complete assessments, as well as cancellation cost assessments, to determine the impacteach of the EPC Contractor's bankruptcy filing on the construction cost and schedule for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. The nominal value of Georgia Power's preliminary assessment results indicateportion of the PTCs is approximately $500 million per unit.
The Georgia PSC has approved seventeen VCM reports covering the periods through June 30, 2017, including total construction capital costs incurred through that date of $4.4 billion. Georgia Power filed its eighteenth VCM report on February 28, 2018 requesting approval of $448 million of construction capital costs (excluding the $1.7 billion received from Toshiba under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement and the $188 million in Customer Refunds recognized as a regulatory liability) incurred from July 1, 2017 through December 31, 2017.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Cost and Schedule
Georgia Power's approximate proportionate share of the remaining estimated capital cost to complete Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 rangeswith in-service dates of November 2021 and November 2022, respectively, is as follows:
Preliminary in-service dates   
Unit 3February 2021March 2022
Unit 4February 2022March 2023
 (in billions)
Preliminary estimated cost to complete$3.9
$4.6
CWIP as of June 30, 20174.5
 4.5
Guarantee Obligations(1.7) (1.7)
Estimated capital costs$6.7
$7.4
Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement Revised Forecast(5.7) (5.7)
Estimated net additional capital costs$1.0
$1.7
 (in billions)
Project capital cost forecast$7.3
Net investment as of March 31, 2018(3.7)
Remaining estimate to complete$3.6
Georgia Power's estimates for cost to complete and schedule are based on preliminary analysis and remain subject to further refinement of labor productivity and consumable and commodity quantities and costs.
Georgia Power's estimatedNote: Excludes financing costs duringcapitalized through AFUDC and is net of $1.7 billion received from Toshiba in 2017 under the construction period total approximately $3.1 billion to $3.5 billion, of which approximately $1.4 billion had been incurred through June 30,Guarantee Settlement Agreement and $188 million in Customer Refunds recognized as a regulatory liability in 2017.
Georgia Power's preliminary cancellation cost estimate results indicatePower estimates that its proportionate sharefinancing costs for construction of the estimated cancellation costs is approximately $400 million. As a result, as of June 30, 2017, total estimated costs subject to evaluation by Georgia Power and the Georgia PSC in the event of a cancellation decision are as follows:
 Preliminary Cancellation Cost Estimate
 (in billions)
CWIP as of June 30, 2017$4.5
Financing costs collected, net of tax1.4
Cancellation costs(*)
0.4
Total$6.3
(*)The estimate for cancellation costs includes, but is not limited to, costs to terminate contracts for construction and other services, as well as costs to secure the Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 construction site.
The Guarantee Obligations continue to exist in the event of cancellation. In addition, under Georgia law, prudently incurred costs related to certificated projects cancelled by the Georgia PSC are allowed recovery, including carrying costs, in future retail rates. Georgia Power will continue working with the Georgia PSC and the other Vogtle Owners to determine future actions related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 including, but not limitedwill total approximately $3.1 billion, of which $1.6 billion had been incurred through March 31, 2018.
Subsequent to the statusEPC Contractor bankruptcy filing, a number of construction and rate recovery, and currently expectssubcontractors to include its recommendation in its seventeenth VCM report to be filed with the Georgia PSC in late August 2017.
The ultimate outcome of these matters is dependentEPC Contractor alleged non-payment by the EPC Contractor for amounts owed for work performed on the completion of the assessments described above, as well as the related regulatory treatment, and cannot be determined at this time.

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Other Matters
As of June 30, 2017, Georgia Power had borrowed $2.6 billion related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 costs through a loan guarantee agreement between4. Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, has taken actions to remove liens filed by these subcontractors through the posting of surety bonds. Related to such liens, certain subcontractors have filed, and additional subcontractors may file, lawsuits against the EPC Contractor and the DOEVogtle Owners to preserve their payment rights with respect to such claims. All amounts associated with the removal of subcontractor liens and a multi-advance credit facility among Georgia Power,other EPC Contractor pre-petition accounts payable have been paid or accrued as of March 31, 2018.
As construction continues, challenges with management of contractors, subcontractors, and vendors, labor productivity and availability, fabrication, delivery, assembly, and installation of plant systems, structures, and components (some of which are based on new technology and have not yet operated in the DOE,global nuclear industry at this scale), or other issues could arise and change the FFB. See Note 6 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" in Item 8 of the Form 10-Kprojected schedule and Note (E) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" herein for additional information, including applicable covenants, events of default, mandatory prepayment events, and conditions to borrowing.
The IRS has allocated PTCs to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 which require that the applicable unit be placed in service prior to 2021. The net present value of Georgia Power's PTCs is estimated at approximately $400 million per unit.cost.
There have been technical and procedural challenges to the construction and licensing of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 at the federal and state level and additional challenges may arise if construction proceeds.arise. Processes are in place that are designed to assure compliance with the requirements specified in the Westinghouse Design Control Document and the combined construction and operating licenses, including inspections by Southern Nuclear and the NRC that occur throughout construction. As a result of such compliance processes, certain license amendment requests have been filed and approved or are pending before the NRC. Various design and other licensing-based compliance matters, including the timely resolution of Inspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria and the related approvals by the NRC, may arise, if construction proceeds, which may result in additional license amendments or require other resolution. If any license amendment

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requests or other licensing-based compliance issues are not resolved in a timely manner, there may be delays in the project schedule that could result in increased costs.
If construction continues, the risk remains that challenges with labor productivity, fabrication, delivery, assembly, and installation of plant systems, structures, and components, or other issues could arise and may further impact project schedule and cost.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
See RISK FACTORS of Southern Company in Item 1A of the Form 10-K for a discussion of certain risks associated with the licensing, construction, and operation of nuclear generating units, including potential impacts that could result from a major incident at a nuclear facility anywhere in the world.
DOE Financing
As of March 31, 2018, Georgia Power had borrowed $2.6 billion related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 costs through the Loan Guarantee Agreement and a multi-advance credit facility among Georgia Power, the DOE, and the FFB, which provides for borrowings of up to $3.46 billion, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. In September 2017, the DOE issued a conditional commitment to Georgia Power for up to approximately $1.67 billion in additional guaranteed loans under the Loan Guarantee Agreement. This conditional commitment expires on June 30, 2018, subject to any further extension approved by the DOE. Final approval and issuance of these additional loan guarantees by the DOE cannot be assured and are subject to the negotiation of definitive agreements, completion of due diligence by the DOE, receipt of any necessary regulatory approvals, and satisfaction of other conditions. See additional risksNote 6 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" in Item 1A herein regarding8 of the EPC Contractor's bankruptcy.Form 10-K for additional information, including applicable covenants, events of default, mandatory prepayment events, and conditions to borrowing.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Income Tax Matters
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and Note (G) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information.
Bonus Depreciation
Approximately $1.2 billion of positive cash flows is expected to result from bonus depreciation for the 2017 tax year, but may not all be realized in 2017 due to net operating loss projections for the 2017 tax year. Approximately $370 million of the 2017 benefit is dependent upon placing the remainder of the Kemper IGCC in service by December 31, 2017. If the suspension of the Kemper IGCC start-up activities results in an abandonment, any amount previously estimated as bonus depreciation would be claimed as a deduction under IRC Section 165. As of June 30, 2017, $82 million has been received through quarterly income tax refunds for bonus depreciation related to the Kemper IGCC, which may be subject to repayment. SeeFINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Credit Rating Risk," Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein"Regulatory Matters," and Note (G)(H) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding the Tax Reform Legislation and related regulatory actions.
Southern Power
In March 2018, Southern Power substantially completed a legal entity reorganization of various direct and indirect subsidiaries that own and operate substantially all of its solar facilities, including certain subsidiaries owned in partnership with various third parties. The reorganization resulted in net state tax benefits related to certain changes in apportionment rates totaling approximately $50 million, which were recorded in the first quarter 2018. In April 2018, Southern Power completed the final stage of the reorganization resulting in additional information.net state tax benefits of approximately $4 million. Southern Power is pursuing the sale of a 33% equity interest in the newly-formed holding company owning these solar facilities. If successful, the sale is expected to close in mid-2018. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Section 174 Research and Experimental Deduction
Southern Company has reflected deductions for research and experimental (R&E) expenditures related to the Kemper IGCC in its federal income tax calculations since 2013 and filed amended federal income tax returns for

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2008 through 2013 to also include such deductions. In December 2016, Southern Company and the IRS reached a proposed settlement, subject to approval of the U.S. Congress Joint Committee on Taxation, resolving a methodology for these deductions. Due to the uncertainty related to this tax position, Southern Company had unrecognized tax benefits associated with these R&E deductions totaling approximately $464 million as of June 30, 2017. If the suspension of the Kemper IGCC start-up activities results in an abandonment, any amount not allowed under IRC Section 174 would be claimed as a deduction under IRC Section 165, and would result in a reversal of the related unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest. See Notes (B) and (G) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" and "Section 174 Research and Experimental Deduction," respectively, herein for additional information. This matter is expected to be resolved in the next 12 months; however, the ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Other Matters
Southern Company and its subsidiaries are involved in various other matters being litigated and regulatory matters that could affect future earnings. In addition, Southern Company and its subsidiaries are subject to certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. The business activities of Southern Company's subsidiaries are subject to extensive governmental regulation related to public health and the environment, such as regulation of air emissions and water discharges. Litigation over environmental issues and claims of various types, including property damage, personal injury, common law nuisance, and citizen enforcement of environmental requirements, such as standards for air, qualitywater, land, and water standards,protection of other natural resources, has occurred throughout the U.S. This litigation has included claims for damages alleged to have been caused by CO2 and other emissions, CCR, and alleged exposure to hazardous materials, and/or requests for injunctive relief in connection with such matters.

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TheultimateoutcomeofsuchpendingorpotentiallitigationagainstSouthernCompanyanditssubsidiaries or regulatory matters cannotbepredictedatthistime;however,forcurrentproceedingsnotspecificallyreportedinNote(B)totheCondensedFinancialStatementsherein,management does not anticipate that the ultimate liabilities, if any, arising from such current proceedings would have a material effect on Southern Company's financial statements. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for a discussion of various other contingencies, regulatory matters, and other matters being litigated which may affect future earnings potential.
OnLitigation
In 2016, a complaint against Mississippi Power was filed in Harrison County Circuit Court (Circuit Court) by Biloxi Freezing & Processing Inc., Gulfside Casino Partnership, and John Carlton Dean, which was amended and refiled to include, among other things, Southern Company as a defendant. The individual plaintiff alleges that Mississippi Power and Southern Company violated the Mississippi Unfair Trade Practices Act. All plaintiffs have alleged that Mississippi Power and Southern Company concealed, falsely represented, and failed to fully disclose important facts concerning the cost and schedule of the Kemper County energy facility and that these alleged breaches have unjustly enriched Mississippi Power and Southern Company. The plaintiffs seek unspecified actual damages and punitive damages; ask the Circuit Court to appoint a receiver to oversee, operate, manage, and otherwise control all affairs relating to the Kemper County energy facility; ask the Circuit Court to revoke any licenses or certificates authorizing Mississippi Power or Southern Company to engage in any business related to the Kemper County energy facility in Mississippi; and seek attorney's fees, costs, and interest. The plaintiffs also seek an injunction to prevent any Kemper County energy facility costs from being charged to customers through electric rates. In June 2017, the Circuit Court ruled in favor of motions by Southern Company and Mississippi Power and dismissed the case. In July 2017, the plaintiffs filed notice of an appeal.
In January 20, 2017, a purported securities class action complaint was filed against Southern Company, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, Atlanta Division, by Monroe County Employees' Retirement System on behalf of all persons who purchased shares of Southern Company's common stock between April 25, 2012 and October 29, 2013. The complaint alleges that Southern Company, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers made materially false and misleading statements regarding the Kemper IGCCCounty energy facility in violation of certain provisions under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The complaint seeks, among other things, compensatory damages and litigation costs and attorneys' fees. OnIn June 12, 2017, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint that provided additional detail about their claims, increased the purported class period by one day, and added certain other former Mississippi Power officers as defendants. OnIn July 27, 2017, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the plaintiffs' amended complaint with prejudice.prejudice, to which the plaintiffs filed an opposition in September 2017. On March 29, 2018, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, Atlanta Division, issued an order granting, in part, the defendants' motion to dismiss. The court dismissed certain claims against certain officers of Southern Company and Mississippi Power and dismissed the allegations related to a number of the statements that plaintiffs challenged as being false or misleading. On April 26, 2018, the defendants filed a motion for reconsideration of the court's order, seeking the dismissal of the remaining claims in the lawsuit.
OnIn February 27, 2017, Jean Vineyard filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit and, in May 2017, Judy Mesirov filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit, each in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia thatGeorgia. Each of these lawsuits names as defendants Southern Company, certain of its directors, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers. In August 2017, these two shareholder derivative lawsuits were consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia and the court has deferred the consolidated case until after certain further action in the purported securities class action complaint discussed above. The complaint allegescomplaints allege that the defendants caused Southern Company to make false or misleading statements regarding the Kemper IGCCCounty energy facility cost and schedule. Further, the complaint allegescomplaints allege that the defendants were unjustly enriched and caused the waste of corporate assets. Theassets and also allege that the individual defendants violated their fiduciary duties. Each plaintiff seeks to recover, on behalf of Southern Company, unspecified actual damages and, on hereach plaintiff's own behalf, attorneys' fees and costs in bringing the lawsuit. TheEach plaintiff also seeks certain changes to Southern Company's corporate governance and internal processes. On March 27, 2017, the court deferred this lawsuit until 30 days after certain further action in the purported securities class action complaint discussed above.
On
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In May 15, 2017, Helen E. Piper Survivor's Trust filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit in the Superior Court of Gwinnett County, State of Georgia that names as defendants Southern Company, certain of its directors, certain of

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its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers. The complaint alleges that the individual defendants, among other things, breached their fiduciary duties in connection with schedule delays and cost overruns associated with the construction of the Kemper IGCC.County energy facility. The complaint further alleges that the individual defendants authorized or failed to correct false and misleading statements regarding the Kemper IGCCCounty energy facility schedule and cost and failed to implement necessary internal controls to prevent harm to Southern Company. The plaintiff seeks to recover, on behalf of Southern Company, unspecified actual damages and disgorgement of profits and, on its behalf, attorneys' fees and costs in bringing the lawsuit. The plaintiff also seeks certain unspecified changes to Southern Company's corporate governance and internal processes.
On June 1, 2017, Judy Mesirov filed a shareholder derivative The court has deferred the lawsuit until after certain further action in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, that names as defendants Southern Company, certain of its current and former directors, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers. Thepurported securities class action complaint alleges that the individual defendants, among other things, breached their fiduciary duties in connection with schedule delays and cost overruns associated with the construction of the Kemper IGCC. The complaint further alleges that the individual defendants authorized or failed to correct false and misleading statements regarding the Kemper IGCC schedule and cost and failed to implement necessary internal controls to prevent harm to Southern Company. The plaintiff seeks to recover, on behalf of Southern Company, unspecified actual damages, disgorgement of profits, and equitable relief and, on her own behalf, attorneys' fees and costs in bringing the lawsuit. The plaintiff also seeks certain unspecified changes to Southern Company's corporate governance and internal processes.discussed above.
Southern Company believes these legal challenges have no merit; however, an adverse outcome in any of these proceedings could have an impact on Southern Company's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity. Southern Company will vigorously defend itself in these matters, the ultimate outcome of which cannot be determined at this time.
The SEC is conducting a formal investigationInvestments in Leveraged Leases
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Other Matters – Investments in Leveraged Leases" of Southern Company in Item 7 and Mississippi Power concerningNote 1 to the estimated costs and expected in-service datefinancial statements of Southern Company under "Leveraged Leases" in Item 8 of the Kemper IGCC. Southern Company believes the investigation is focused primarily on periods subsequent to 2010 and on accounting matters, disclosure controls and procedures, and internal controls over financial reporting associated with the Kemper IGCC. See ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" hereinForm 10-K for additional information regarding a Southern Company Holdings Inc. (Southern Holdings) subsidiary's leveraged lease agreements and concerns about the financial and operational performance of one of the lessees and the associated generation assets.
The ability of the lessees to make required payments to the Southern Holdings subsidiary is dependent on the Kemper IGCC.operational performance of the assets. As a result of operational improvements in the first quarter 2018, the June 2018 lease payment is currently expected to be paid in full. However, operational issues and resulting cash liquidity challenges persist and significant concerns continue regarding the lessee's ability to make the remaining semi-annual lease payments, including the lease payment due in December 2018. These operational challenges may also impact the expected residual value of the assets at the end of the lease term in 2047. If any future lease payment is not paid in full, the Southern Holdings subsidiary may be unable to make its corresponding payment to the holders of the underlying non-recourse debt related to the generation assets. Failure to make the required payment to the debtholders would represent an event of default that would give the debtholders the right to foreclose on, and take ownership of, the generation assets from the Southern Holdings subsidiary, in effect terminating the lease and resulting in the write-off of the related lease receivable which had a balance of approximately $86 million as of March 31, 2018. Southern Company has evaluated the recoverability of the lease receivable and the expected residual value of the generation assets at the end of the lease under various scenarios and has concluded that its investment in the leveraged lease is not impaired as of March 31, 2018. Southern Company will continue to monitor the operational performance of the underlying assets and evaluate the ability of the lessee to continue to make the required lease payments. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time; however, it is not expected to have a material impact on the financial statements of Southern Company.time.
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Southern Company prepares its consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Company in Item 8 of the Form 10-K. In the application of these policies, certain estimates are made that may have a material impact on Southern Company's results of operations and related disclosures. Different assumptions and measurements could produce estimates that are significantly different from those recorded in the financial statements. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a complete discussion of Southern Company's critical accounting policies and estimates related to Utility Regulation, Asset Retirement Obligations, Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Derivatives and Hedging Activities, and Contingent Obligations.
Kemper IGCC Rate Recovery
For periods prior to the second quarter 2017, significant accounting estimates included Kemper IGCC estimated construction costs, project completion date, and rate recovery. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Kemper IGCC Estimated Construction Costs, Project Completion Date, and Rate Recovery" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information. Mississippiestimates.

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Power recorded total pre-tax charges to income related to the Kemper IGCC of $428 million ($264 million after tax) in 2016, $365 million ($226 million after tax) in 2015, $868 million ($536 million after tax) in 2014, and $1.2 billion ($729 million after tax) in prior years.Recently Issued Accounting Standards
As a result of the Mississippi PSC's June 21, 2017 stated intent to issue an order (which occurred on July 6, 2017) directing Mississippi Power to pursue a settlement under which the Kemper County energy facility would be operated as a natural gas plant rather than an IGCC plant, as well as Mississippi Power's June 28, 2017 suspension of the operation and start-up of the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC, the estimated construction costs and project completion date are no longer considered significant accounting estimates. Significant accounting estimates for the June 30, 2017 financial statements presented herein include the overall assessment of rate recovery for the Kemper County energy facility and the estimated costs for the potential cancellation of the Kemper IGCC.
While the ultimate disposition of the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC remains subject to the Mississippi PSC's jurisdiction, including the potential resolution of the matters addressed in the Kemper Settlement Order, given the Mississippi PSC's stated intent regarding no further rate increase for the Kemper County energy facility, cost recovery of the gasification portions is no longer probable; therefore, Mississippi Power recorded an additional charge to income in June 2017 of $2.8 billion ($2.0 billion after tax), which includes estimated costs associated with the gasification portions of the plant and lignite mine. In the event the gasification portions of the project are ultimately canceled, additional pre-tax costs currently estimated at approximately $100 million to $200 million are expected to be incurred.
As of June 30, 2017, Mississippi Power has recorded a total of approximately $1.3 billion in costs associated with the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC including transmission and related regulatory assets, of which $0.8 billion is included in retail and wholesale rates. The $0.5 billion not included in current rates includes costs in excess of the original 2010 estimate for the combined cycle portion of the facility, as well as the 15% that was previously contracted to SMEPA. Mississippi Power has calculated the revenue requirements resulting from these remaining costs, using reasonable assumptions for amortization periods, and expects them to be recovered through rates consistent with the Mississippi PSC's requested settlement conditions. The ultimate outcome will be determined by the Mississippi PSC in the Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket proceedings.
In the aggregate, since the Kemper IGCC project started, Mississippi Power has incurred charges of $5.96 billion ($3.94 billion after tax) through June 30, 2017. Mississippi Power recorded total pre-tax charges to income for the estimated probable losses on the Kemper IGCC of $3.0 billion ($2.1 billion after tax) and $81 million ($50 million after tax) in the second quarter 2017 and the second quarter 2016, respectively, and total pre-tax charges of $3.1 billion ($2.2 billion after tax) and $134 million ($83 million after tax) year-to-date in 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Given the significant judgment involved in estimating the costs to cancel the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC, the ultimate rate recovery for the Kemper IGCC, including the $0.5 billion of combined cycle-related costs not yet in rates, and the impact on Southern Company's results of operations, Southern Company considers these items to be critical accounting estimates. See Note 3 to the financial statementsMANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" of Southern Company under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" in Item 87 of the Form 10-K andfor additional information regarding ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). See Note (B)(A) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for additional information.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In 2014, the FASB issued ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), replacing the existing accounting standard and industry specific guidance for revenue recognition with a five-step model for recognizing and measuring revenue from contracts with customers. The underlying principle of the standard is to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at the amount expected to be collected. The new standard also requires enhanced disclosuresinformation regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows arising from contracts with customers.
While Southern Company expects most of its revenue to be included in the scope of ASC 606, it has not fully completed its evaluation of all revenue arrangements. The majority of Southern Company's revenue, including energy provided to customers, is from tariff offerings that provide electricity or natural gas without a defined

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contractual term, as well as longer-term contractual commitments, including PPAs and non-derivative natural gas asset management and optimization arrangements. Southern Company expects the adoption of ASC 606 will not result in a significant shift from the current timing of revenue recognition for such transactions.
Southern Company's ongoing evaluation of other revenue streams and related contracts includes unregulated sales to customers. Some revenue arrangements, such as certain PPAs, energy-related derivatives, and alternative revenue programs, are excluded from the scope of ASC 606 and, therefore, will be accounted for and disclosed or presented separately from revenues under ASC 606 on Southern Company's financial statements. In addition, the power and utilities industry continues to evaluate other specific industry issues, including the applicability of ASC 606 to contributions in aid of construction (CIAC). Although final implementation guidance has not been issued, Southern Company expects CIAC to be out of the scope of ASC 606.recently adopted accounting standards.
The new standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Southern Company intends to use the modified retrospective method of adoption effective January 1, 2018. Southern Company has also elected to utilize practical expedients which allow it to apply the standard to open contracts at the date of adoption and to reflect the aggregate effect of all modifications when identifying performance obligations and allocating the transaction price for contracts modified before the effective date. Under the modified retrospective method of adoption, prior year reported results are not restated; however, a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings at January 1, 2018 is recorded. In addition, disclosures will include comparative information on 2018 financial statement line items under current guidance. While the adoption of ASC 606, including the cumulative-effect adjustment, is not expected to have a material impact on either the timing or amount of revenues recognized in Southern Company's financial statements, Southern Company will continue to evaluate the requirements, as well as any additional clarifying guidance that may be issued.
On January 26, 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (ASU 2017-04). ASU 2017-04 removes the requirement to compare the implied fair value of goodwill with the carrying amount as part of Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. Under the new standard, the goodwill impairment loss will be measured as the excess of a reporting unit's carrying amount over its fair value, not exceeding the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit, which may increase the frequency of goodwill impairment charges if a future goodwill impairment test does not pass the Step 1 evaluation. ASU 2017-04 is effective prospectively for annual and interim periods beginning on or after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted on testing dates after January 1, 2017.
On March 10, 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (ASU 2017-07). ASU 2017-07 requires that an employer report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs and requires the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs to be separately presented in the income statement outside income from operations. Additionally, only the service cost component is eligible for capitalization, when applicable. However, all cost components remain eligible for capitalization under FERC regulations. ASU 2017-07 will be applied retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost component and the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in the income statement. The capitalization of the service cost component of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in assets will be applied on a prospective basis. ASU 2017-07 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods. Southern Company is currently evaluating the new standard. The presentation changes required for net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs will result in a decrease in Southern Company's operating income and an increase in other income for 2016 and 2017 and are expected to result in a decrease in operating income and an increase in other income for 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-07 is not expected to have a material impact on Southern Company's financial statements.

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FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY
Overview
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY "Overview" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information. Southern Company's financial condition remained stable at June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. Southern Company intends to continue to monitor its access to short-term and long-term capital markets as well as bank credit agreements to meet future capital and liquidity needs. See "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations," "Sources of Capital," and "Financing Activities" herein for additional information.
Net cash provided from operating activities totaled $2.7$1.5 billion for the first sixthree months of 2017,2018, an increase of $0.6 billion from the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase in net cash provided from operating activities was primarily due to $1.2 billion of net cash provided from operating activities of Southern Company Gas, which was acquired on July 1, 2016, partially offset by the timing of vendor payments and an increase in under-recovered fuel costs.cost recovery. Net cash used for investing activities totaled $4.9$2.0 billion for the first sixthree months of 20172018 primarily due to the traditional electric operating companies' installation of equipment to comply with environmental standards and construction of electric generation, transmission, and distribution facilities and capital expenditures for Southern Company Gas' infrastructure replacement programs, and Southern Power's payments for renewable acquisitions.programs. Net cash provided from financing activities totaled $1.6$0.6 billion for the first sixthree months of 20172018 primarily due to net issuances of long-term and short-term debt and an increase in commercial paper borrowings, partially offset by redemptions of long-term debt and common stock dividend payments. Cash flows from financing activities vary from period to period based on capital needs and the maturity or redemption of securities.
Significant balance sheet changes for the first sixthree months of 20172018 include an increase of $1.8 billion in notes payable primarily related to increased commercial paper borrowings and issuances of short-term bank debt for general corporate purposes; an increase of $1.1 billion in total property, plant, and equipment in service, net of depreciation primarily related to the traditional electric operating companies' installation of equipment to comply with environmental standards and construction of electric generation, transmission, and distribution facilities, Southern Company Gas' infrastructure replacement programs, and Southern Power's renewable acquisitions;construction projects and acquisition of a solar facility; a decrease of $1.5$0.7 billion in CWIPsecurities due within one year related to the repayment of long-term debt; an increase of $0.5 billion in total common stockholders' equity primarily related to earnings for the estimated probable losses on the Kemper IGCC;three months ended March 31, 2018, partially offset by common stock dividend payments; a decrease of $0.5 billion in cashaccrued compensation due to the timing of payments; and cash equivalents primarily related to acquisition payments at Southern Power; a decrease of $1.4$0.4 billion in total common stockholder's equitynatural gas for sale primarily related to the estimated probable losses on the Kemper IGCC, partially offset by the issuanceuse of additional shares of common stock; an increase of $1.3 billion in long-term debt (excluding amounts due within a year) to fund the Southern Company system's continuous construction programs and for general corporate purposes; and an increase of $1.0 billion in notes payable primarily due to issuances of short-term bank debt for general corporate purposes.stored natural gas.
At the end of the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, the market price of Southern Company's common stock was $47.88$44.66 per share (based on the closing price as reported on the New York Stock Exchange) and the book value was $23.38$24.39 per share, representing a market-to-book ratio of 205%183%, compared to $49.19, $25.00,$48.09, $23.99, and 197%201%, respectively, at the end of 2016.2017. Southern Company's common stock dividend for the secondfirst quarter 20172018 was $0.58 per share compared to $0.56 per share in the secondfirst quarter 2016.2017.
Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a description of Southern Company's capital requirements for the construction programsand contractual obligations. Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Georgia Power redeemed all $250 million aggregate principal amount of the Southern Company system, including estimated capital expenditures for new electric generating facilities and to comply with existing environmental statutes and regulations, scheduled maturities of long-term debt, as well as related interest, derivative obligations, preferred and preference stock dividends, leases, purchase commitments, pipeline charges, storage capacity, and gas supply, asset management agreements, standby letters of credit and performance/surety bonds, trust funding requirements, and unrecognized tax benefits. Approximately $3.0its Series 2008B 5.40% Senior Notes due June 1, 2018. An additional $3.1 billion will be required through June 30, 2018March 31, 2019 to fund announced redemptions and maturities of long-term debt. See "Sources of Capital" herein for additional information.

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The Southern Company system's construction program is currently estimated to total approximately $8.6 billion for 2018, $7.8 billion for 2019, $7.2 billion for 2020, $6.8 billion for 2021, and $6.4 billion for 2022. These amounts include expenditures of approximately $1.2 billion, $1.0 billion, $0.9 billion, $0.7 billion, and $0.4 billion for the construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 in 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively, and an average of approximately $0.5 billion per year for 2018 through 2022 for Southern Power's planned expenditures for plant acquisitions and placeholder growth, as revised post-tax reform. These amounts also include capital expenditures related to contractual purchase commitments for nuclear fuel and capital expenditures covered under LTSAs. Estimated capital expenditures to comply with environmental laws and regulations included in these amounts are $1.1 billion, $0.3 billion, $0.4 billion, $0.5 billion, and $0.5 billion for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively. These estimated expenditures do not include any potential compliance costs associated with the regulation of CO2 emissions from fossil fuel-fired electric generating units.
The traditional electric operating companies also anticipate costs associated with closure and monitoring of ash ponds in accordance with the CCR Rule, which are reflected in Southern Company's ARO liabilities. These costs, which could change as the Southern Company system continues to refine its assumptions underlying the cost estimates and evaluate the method and timing of compliance activities, are estimated to be approximately $0.3 billion, $0.3 billion, $0.4 billion, $0.5 billion, and $0.4 billion for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively. See Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Asset Retirement Obligations and Other Costs of Removal" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
The construction programs are subject to periodic review and revision, and actual construction costs may vary from these estimates because of numerous factors. These factors include: changes in business conditions; changes in load projections; changes in environmental statuteslaws and regulations; the outcome of any legal challenges to the environmental rules; changes in electric generating plants, including unit retirements and replacements and adding or changing fuel sources at existing electric generating units, to meet regulatory requirements; changes in FERC rules and regulations; state regulatory agency approvals; changes in the expected environmental compliance program; changes in legislation; the cost and efficiency of construction labor, equipment, and materials; project scope and design changes; storm impacts; and the cost of capital. In addition, there can be no assurance that costs related to capital expenditures will be fully recovered. Additionally, planned expenditures for plant acquisitions may vary due to market opportunities and Southern Power's ability to execute its growth strategy. See Note 12 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Southern Power" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (I)(J) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Power" herein for additional information regarding Southern Power's plant acquisitions.
In addition, the construction program includes the development and construction of new electric generating facilities with designs that have not been previously constructed, which may result in revised estimates during construction. The ability to control costs and avoid cost overruns during the development, construction, and operation of new facilities is subject to a number of factors, including, but not limited to, changes in labor costs and productivity, adverse weather conditions, shortages and inconsistent quality of equipment, materials, and labor, contractor or supplier delay, non-performance under construction, operating, or other agreements, operational readiness, including specialized operator training and required site safety programs, unforeseen engineering or design problems, start-up activities (including major equipment failure and system integration), and/or operational performance. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Nuclear"Nuclear Construction" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersGeorgia PowerNuclear Construction" herein for information regarding Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 and additional factors that may impact construction expenditures, including Georgia Power's preliminary cost-to-complete and cancellation cost assessments for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4.expenditures.
Sources of Capital
Southern Company intends to meet its future capital needs through operating cash flows, short-termborrowings from financial institutions, and debt term loans, and external security issuances.equity issuances in the capital markets. Equity capital can be provided from any combination of Southern Company's stock plans, private placements, or public offerings. The amount and timing of additional equity capital and debt issuances in 2017,2018, as well as in subsequent years, will be contingent on Southern Company's investment opportunities and the Southern Company system's capital requirements and will depend

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upon prevailing market conditions and other factors. See "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" herein for additional information.
Except as described herein, the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas plan to obtain the funds required for construction and other purposes from operating cash flows, external security issuances, term loans, short-term borrowings from financial institutions, and equity contributions or loans from Southern Company. Southern Power also plans to utilize tax equity partnership contributions, as well as funds resulting from any potential sale of a 33% equity interest in a newly-formed holding company that owns substantially all of its solar assets, if completed. Southern Company Gas also plans to utilize the proceeds from the pending sales of Elizabethtown Gas, Elkton Gas, and Pivotal Home Solutions. However, the amount, type, and timing of any future financings, if needed, will depend upon prevailing market conditions, regulatory approval, and other factors. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY "Sources of Capital" of Southern Company in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
In addition, in 2014, Georgia Power has entered into a loan guarantee agreement (Loanthe Loan Guarantee Agreement)Agreement with the DOE, under which the proceeds of borrowings may be used to reimburse Georgia Power for Eligible Project Costs incurred in connection with its construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Under the Loan Guarantee Agreement, the DOE agreed to guarantee borrowings of up to $3.46 billion (not to exceed 70% of Eligible Project Costs) to be made by Georgia Power under a multi-advance credit facility (FFB Credit Facility) among Georgia Power, the DOE, and the FFB. Eligible Project Costs incurred through June 30, 2017 would allow for borrowingsAs of up to $3.1March 31, 2018, Georgia Power had borrowed $2.6 billion under the FFB Credit Facility, of which Georgia Power has borrowed $2.6 billion; however, onFacility. In July 27, 2017, Georgia Power entered into an amendment to the Loan Guarantee Agreement, (LGA Amendment) to clarifywhich provides that further advances are conditioned upon the operationDOE's approval of any agreements entered into in replacement of the Loan Guarantee Agreement pending Georgia Power's completion of its comprehensive schedule, cost-to-complete, and cancellation cost assessments (Cost Assessments) for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Under4 Agreement and satisfaction of certain other conditions.
In September 2017, the terms of the LGA Amendment,DOE issued a conditional commitment to Georgia Power will not request any advancesfor up to approximately $1.67 billion of additional guaranteed loans under the Loan Guarantee Agreement unlessAgreement. This conditional commitment expires on June 30, 2018, subject to any further extension approved by the DOE. Final approval and until such time as Georgia Power has completedissuance of these additional loan guarantees by the Cost AssessmentsDOE cannot be assured and made a determinationare subject to continue constructionthe negotiation of Plant Vogtle Units 3definitive agreements, completion of due diligence by the DOE, receipt of any necessary regulatory approvals, and 4 and satisfied certainsatisfaction of other conditions related to continuing construction.conditions. See Note 6 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (E) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" herein for additional information regarding the Loan Guarantee Agreement, including applicable covenants, events of default, mandatory prepayment events, and additional conditions to borrowing. Also

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see Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersGeorgia PowerNuclear Construction" herein for additional information regarding Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4.
As of June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Southern Company's current liabilities exceeded current assets by $3.9$4.1 billion due to notes payable of $3.3 billion (comprised of approximately $0.9 billion at the parent company, $1.2 billion at Georgia Power, $0.1 billion at Gulf Power, $0.4 billion at Southern Power, and $0.6 billion at Southern Company Gas) and long-term debt that is due within one year of $3.0$3.2 billion (comprised of approximately $0.4$1.0 billion at the parent company, $0.4$0.2 billion at Alabama Power, $0.3$0.8 billion at Georgia Power, $1.0$0.2 billion at Mississippi Power, and $0.9$0.8 billion at Southern Power)Power, and $0.2 billion at Southern Company Gas) and notes payable of $4.3 billion (comprised of approximately $2.5 billion at the parent company, $0.2 billion at Alabama Power, $0.1 billion at Gulf Power, $0.3 billion at Mississippi Power, $0.1 billion at Southern Power, and $1.0 billion at Southern Company Gas). To meet short-term cash needs and contingencies, the Southern Company system has substantial cash flow from operating activities and access to capital markets and financial institutions. Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas intend to utilize operating cash flows, as well as commercial paper, lines of credit, bank notes, and securities issuances, as market conditions permit, as well as, under certain circumstances for the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas, equity contributions and/or loans from Southern Company to meet their short-term capital needs.

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At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Southern Company and its subsidiaries had approximately $1.4$2.3 billion of cash and cash equivalents. Committed credit arrangements with banks at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 were as follows:
Expires   
Executable Term
Loans
 Expires Within One YearExpires   
Executable Term
Loans
 Expires Within One Year
Company20172018201920202022 Total Unused 
One
Year
 
Two
Years
 
Term
Out
 
No Term
Out
2018201920202022 Total Unused 
One
Year
 
Two
Years
 
Term
Out
 
No Term
Out
(in millions)(in millions)
Southern Company(a)
$
$
$
$
$2,000
 $2,000
 $2,000
 $
 $
 $
 $
$
$
$
$2,000
 $2,000
 $1,999
 $
 $
 $
 $
Alabama Power3
532


800
 1,335
 1,335
 
 
 
 35
35

500
800
 1,335
 1,335
 
 
 
 35
Georgia Power



1,750
 1,750
 1,732
 
 
 
 



1,750
 1,750
 1,736
 
 
 
 
Gulf Power30
195
25
30

 280
 280
 45
 
 
 40
20
25
235

 280
 280
 45
 
 20
 
Mississippi Power113




 113
 100
 
 13
 13
 100
100



 100
 100
 
 
 
 100
Southern Power Company(b)



750
 750
 675
 
 
 
 



750
 750
 728
 
 
 
 
Southern Company Gas(b)(c)




1,900
 1,900
 1,849
 
 
 
 



1,900
 1,900
 1,890
 
 
 
 
Other10
30



 40
 40
 20
 
 20
 20
30



 30
 30
 20
 
 20
 10
Southern Company Consolidated$156
$757
$25
$30
$7,200
 $8,168
 $8,011
 $65
 $13
 $33
 $195
$185
$25
$735
$7,200
 $8,145
 $8,098
 $65
 $
 $40
 $145
(a)Represents the Southern Company parent entity.
(b)
Does not include Southern Power's $120 million continuing letter of credit facility for standby letters of credit expiring in 2019, of which $21 million remains unused at March 31, 2018.
(c)
Southern Company Gas, as the parent entity, guarantees the obligations of Southern Company Gas Capital, which is the borrower of $1.21.4 billion of these arrangements. Southern Company Gas' committed credit arrangements also include $700500 million for which Nicor Gas is the borrower and which is restricted for working capital needs of Nicor Gas.
See Note 6 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Bank Credit Arrangements" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (E)(F) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Bank Credit Arrangements" herein for additional information.
As reflected in the table above, in May 2017, Southern Company, Alabama Power, Georgia Power, and Southern Power Company each amended certain of their multi-year credit arrangements, which, among other things, extended the maturity dates from 2020 to 2022. Southern Company and Southern Power Company increased their borrowing ability under these arrangements to $2.0 billion from $1.25 billion and to $750 million from $600 million, respectively. Southern Company also terminated its $1.0 billion facility maturing in 2018. Also in May 2017, Southern Company Gas Capital and Nicor Gas terminated their existing credit arrangements for $1.3 billion and $700 million, respectively, which were to mature in 2017 and 2018, and entered into a new multi-year credit arrangement currently allocated for $1.2 billion and $700 million, respectively, with a maturity date of 2022.

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Most of these bank credit arrangements, as well as the term loan arrangements of Southern Company, Alabama Power, Georgia Power, Mississippi Power, and Southern Power Company, and Pivotal Utility Holdings contain covenants that limit debt levels and contain cross-acceleration or cross-default provisions to other indebtedness (including guarantee obligations) that are restricted only to the indebtedness of the individual company. Such cross-default provisions to other indebtedness would trigger an event of default if the applicable borrower defaulted on indebtedness or guarantee obligations over a specified threshold. Such cross-acceleration provisions to other indebtedness would trigger an event of default if the applicable borrower defaulted on indebtedness, the payment of which was then accelerated. At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power Company, Southern Company Gas, and Nicor Gas were in compliance with all such covenants. NoneAll but $40 million of the bank credit arrangements do not contain material adverse change clauses at the time of borrowings.
Subject to applicable market conditions, Southern Company and its subsidiaries expect to renew or replace their bank credit arrangements as needed, prior to expiration. In connection therewith, Southern Company and its subsidiaries may extend the maturity dates and/or increase or decrease the lending commitments thereunder.
A portion of the unused credit with banks is allocated to provide liquidity support to the pollution control revenue bonds of the traditional electric operating companies and the commercial paper programs of Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power Company, Southern Company Gas, and Nicor Gas. The amount of variable rate pollution control revenue bonds of the traditional electric operating companies outstanding requiring liquidity support as of June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 was approximately $1.6$1.5 billion. In June 2017, Georgia Power remarketed $318 million of variable rate pollution control bonds in index rate modes, reducing the liquidity support utilized under Georgia Power's bank credit arrangement. In addition, at June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, the traditional electric operating companies had approximately $626$437 million of pollution control revenue bonds outstanding that were required to be remarketed within the next 12 months.

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies (other than Mississippi Power), Southern Power Company, Southern Company Gas, and Nicor Gas make short-term borrowings primarily through commercial paper programs that have the liquidity support of the committed bank credit arrangements described above. Short-term borrowings are included in notes payable in the balance sheets.
Details of short-term borrowings were as follows:
 
Short-term Debt at
June 30, 2017
 
Short-term Debt During the Period(*)
 
Short-term Debt at
March 31, 2018
 
Short-term Debt During the Period(*)
 
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Average
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Maximum
Amount
Outstanding
 
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Average
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Maximum
Amount
Outstanding
 (in millions)   (in millions)   (in millions) (in millions)   (in millions)   (in millions)
Commercial paper $2,257
 1.5% $2,519
 1.3% $2,946
 $2,618
 2.4% $2,232
 2.0% $2,746
Short-term bank debt 1,017
 2.0% 321
 2.0% 1,017
 1,653
 3.1% 563
 2.5% 1,653
Total $3,274
 1.7% $2,840
 1.4%   $4,271
 2.6% $2,795
 2.1%  
(*)Average and maximum amounts are based upon daily balances during the three-month period ended June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018.
Southern Company believes the need for working capital can be adequately met by utilizing commercial paper programs, lines of credit, bank term loans, and operating cash flows.
Credit Rating Risk
At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Southern Company and its subsidiaries did not have any credit arrangements that would require material changes in payment schedules or terminations as a result of a credit rating downgrade.
There are certain contracts that could require collateral, but not accelerated payment, in the event of a credit rating change of certain subsidiaries to BBB and/or Baa2 or below. These contracts are for physical electricity and natural gas purchases and sales, fuel purchases, fuel transportation and storage, energy price risk management,

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FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

transmission, interest rate management, and foreign currency risk management, and, at June 30, 2017, included contracts related to the construction of new generation at Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4.
The maximum potential collateral requirements under these contracts at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 were as follows:
Credit RatingsMaximum Potential
Collateral
Requirements
Maximum Potential
Collateral
Requirements
(in millions)(in millions)
At BBB and/or Baa2$39
$38
At BBB- and/or Baa3$642
$601
At BB+ and/or Ba1(*)
$2,555
$2,201
(*)Any additional credit rating downgrades at or below BB- and/or Ba3 could increase collateral requirements up to an additional $38 million.
Generally, collateral may be provided by a Southern Company guaranty, letter of credit, or cash. Additionally, a credit rating downgrade could impact the ability of Southern Company and its subsidiaries to access capital markets, and would be likely to impact the cost at which they do so.
On March 1, 2017,February 26, 2018, Moody's revised its rating outlook for Mississippi Power from stable to positive.
On February 28, 2018, Fitch downgraded the senior unsecured long-term debt rating of Southern Company to BBB+ from A- with a stable outlook and of Georgia Power to A from A+ with a negative outlook.
On March 14, 2018, S&P upgraded the senior unsecured long-term debt rating of Mississippi Power to Ba1A- from Baa3.
On March 20, 2017, Moody's revised its rating outlook for Georgia Power from stable to negative.
On March 24, 2017, S&P revised its consolidated credit rating outlook for Southern Company and its subsidiaries (including the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power, Southern Company Gas, Southern Company Gas Capital, and Nicor Gas) from stable to negative.
On March 30, 2017, Fitch placed the ratings of Southern Company, Georgia Power, and Mississippi Power on rating watch negative.
On June 22, 2017, Moody's placed the ratings of Mississippi Power on review for downgrade.
Financing Activities
During the first six months of 2017, Southern Company issued approximately 7.8 million shares of common stock primarily through employee equity compensation plans and received proceeds of approximately $352 million.
In addition, during the second quarter 2017, Southern Company issued approximately 1.3 million shares of common stock through at-the-market issuances pursuant to sales agency agreements related to Southern Company's continuous equity offering program and received cash proceeds of approximately $65 million, net of $553,000 in fees and commissions.BBB+ with a negative outlook.

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While it is unclear how the credit rating agencies, the FERC, and certain of the relevant state regulatory bodies may respond to the Tax Reform Legislation, certain financial metrics, such as the funds from operations to debt percentage, used by the credit rating agencies to assess Southern Company and its subsidiaries may be negatively impacted. Absent actions by Southern Company and its subsidiaries to mitigate the resulting impacts, which, among other alternatives, could include adjusting capital structure and/or monetizing regulatory assets, the credit ratings of Southern Company and certain of its subsidiaries could be negatively affected. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information related to state PSC or other regulatory agency actions related to the Tax Reform Legislation, including recent approvals of capital structure adjustments for Alabama Power, Georgia Power, and Gulf Power by their respective state PSCs, which are expected to help mitigate the potential adverse impacts to certain of their credit metrics.
Financing Activities
During the first three months of 2018, Southern Company issued approximately 4.1 million shares of common stock primarily through employee equity compensation plans and received proceeds of approximately $113 million.
The following table outlines the long-term debt financing activities for Southern Company and its subsidiaries for the first sixthree months of 2017:2018:
Company
Senior
Note Issuances
 
Senior
Note Maturities and Redemptions
 
Revenue
Bond
Maturities, Redemptions, and
Repurchases
 
Other
Long-Term
Debt
Issuances
 
Other
Long-Term
Debt Redemptions
and
Maturities(a)
 (in millions)
Southern Company(b)
$300
 $
 $
 $500
 $400
Alabama Power550
 200
 
 
 
Georgia Power850
 450
 27
 
 3
Gulf Power300
 85
 
 6
 
Mississippi Power
 
 
 40
 893
Southern Power
 
 
 3
 3
Southern Company Gas(c)
450
 
 
 
 
Other
 
 
 
 8
Elimination(d)

 
 
 (40) (591)
Southern Company Consolidated$2,450
 $735
 $27
 $509
 $716
Company
Senior
Note
Issuances
 
Revenue Bond
Maturities, Redemptions, and
Repurchases
 
Other Long-Term
Debt Redemptions
and Maturities(*)
 (in millions)
Georgia Power$
 $278
 $102
Mississippi Power600
 
 900
Other
 
 3
Southern Company Consolidated$600
 $278
 $1,005
(a)(*)Includes reductions in capital lease obligations resulting from cash payments under capital leases.
(b)Represents the Southern Company parent entity.
(c)The senior notes were issued by Southern Company Gas Capital and guaranteed by the Southern Company Gas parent entity.
(d)Intercompany loans from Southern Company to Mississippi Power eliminated in Southern Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.
In March 2017, Southern Company repaid at maturity a $400 million 18-month floating rate bank loan.
In June 2017, Southern Company issued $500 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2017A 5.325% Junior Subordinated Notes due June 21, 2057. The proceeds were used to repay short-term indebtedness and for other general corporate purposes.
Also in June 2017, Southern Company issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2017A Floating Rate Senior Notes due September 30, 2020, which bear interest at a floating rate based on three-month LIBOR. The proceeds were used to repay short-term indebtedness and for other general corporate purposes.
Also in June 2017,2018, Southern Company entered into two $100a $900 million aggregate principal amountshort-term floating rate bank term loan agreements, which mature on June 21, 2018 and June 29, 2018 and bearbearing interest based on one-month LIBOR. The proceeds were used for working capital and other general corporate purposes.
Except as described herein,Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Southern Company's subsidiaries usedCompany borrowed $250 million pursuant to a short-term uncommitted bank credit arrangement, which bears interest at a rate agreed upon by Southern Company and the proceeds ofbank from time to time and is payable on no less than 30 days' demand by the debt issuances shown in the table above for their redemptions and maturities shown in the table above, to repaybank.
In January 2018, Georgia Power repaid its outstanding $150 million short-term indebtedness, and for general corporate purposes, including their continuous construction programs.
A portion of the proceeds of Gulf Power's senior note issuances was used in June 2017 to redeem 550,000 shares ($55 million aggregate liquidation amount) of Gulf Power's 6.00% Series Preference Stock, 450,000 shares ($45 million aggregate liquidation amount) of Gulf Power's Series 2007A 6.45% Preference Stock, and 500,000 shares ($50 million aggregate liquidation amount) of Gulf Power's Series 2013A 5.60% Preference Stock.floating rate bank loan due May 31, 2018.
In March 2017, Gulf2018, Mississippi Power extended the maturity ofentered into a $100$300 million short-term floating rate bank loan bearing interest based on one-month LIBOR, from April 2017of which $125 million was repaid subsequent to October 2017 and subsequently repaidMarch 31, 2018. The proceeds of this loan, together with the loan in May 2017.proceeds of Mississippi Power's $600 million senior notes issuances, were used to repay Mississippi Power's entire $900 million unsecured floating rate term loan.
In June 2017,Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Georgia Power entered into three floating rate bank loans inredeemed all $250 million aggregate principal amountsamount of $50 million, $150 million, and $100 million, which mature on Decemberits Series 2008B 5.40% Senior Notes due June 1, 2017, May2018.
At March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings had $200 million of gas facility revenue bonds issued for its benefit outstanding. The Elizabethtown Gas asset sale agreement requires that bonds representing $180 million of the total that are currently eligible for redemption at par be redeemed on or prior to consummation of the sale. Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings caused $20 million aggregate principal amount of gas facility revenue bonds to be redeemed and June 28,provided notice of its intent to cause, on May 23, 2018, the remaining $180 million aggregate principal amount of gas facility revenue bonds issued for its benefit to be redeemed. Subsequent to March

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respectively,31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings, as borrower, and bear interest basedSouthern Company Gas, as guarantor, entered into a $181 million short-term delayed draw floating rate bank term loan agreement. Pivotal Utility Holdings has the right to borrow up to $181 million on one-month LIBOR. Also in June 2017, Georgia Power borrowed $500 million pursuantor before May 31, 2018, upon satisfaction of certain customary conditions. Pivotal Utility Holdings expects the proceeds to an uncommitted bank credit arrangement, which bears interest at a rate agreed upon by Georgia Power and the bank from time to time and is payable on no less than 30 days' demand by the bank. The proceeds from these bank loans werebe used to repay a portion of Georgia Power's existing indebtedness and for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including Georgia Power's continuous construction program.
In June 2017, Mississippi Power prepaid $300the remaining $180 million of gas facility revenue bonds. See Note 6 to the outstanding principal amountfinancial statements of Southern Company under its $1.2 billion unsecured term loan, which matures on March 30, 2018.
Subsequent"Gas Facility Revenue Bonds" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (J) to June 30, 2017, Nicorthe Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Company Gas agreed to issue $400 million aggregate principal amount– Proposed Sale of First Mortgage Bonds in a private placement, $200 million of which is expected to be issued in each of August 2017Elizabethtown Gas and November 2017.Elkton Gas" herein for additional information.
In addition to any financings that may be necessary to meet capital requirements and contractual obligations, Southern Company and its subsidiaries plan to continue, when economically feasible, a program to retire higher-cost securities and replace these obligations with lower-cost capital if market conditions permit.

PART I
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
During the sixthree months ended June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, there were no material changes to Southern Company's, Alabama Power's, Georgia Power's, Gulf Power's, Mississippi Power's, and Southern Power's disclosures about market risk. For additional market risk disclosures relating to Gulf Power and Southern Company Gas, see MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Market Price Risk" of Gulf Power and Southern Company Gas respectively, herein. For an in-depth discussion of each registrant's market risks, see MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Market Price Risk" of each registrant in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and Note 1 to the financial statements of each registrant under "Financial Instruments," Note 11 to the financial statements of Southern Company, Alabama Power, and Georgia Power, Note 10 to the financial statements of Gulf Power, Mississippi Power, and Southern Company Gas, and Note 9 to the financial statements of Southern Power in Item 8 of the Form 10-K. Also see Note (C)(D) and Note (H)(I) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information relating to derivative instruments.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures.
(a)Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, Southern Company, Alabama Power, Georgia Power, Gulf Power, Mississippi Power, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas conducted separate evaluations under the supervision and with the participation of each company's management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Sections 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended). Based upon these evaluations, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, in each case, concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures are effective.
(b)Changes in internal controls over financial reporting.
There have been no changes in Southern Company's, Alabama Power's, Georgia Power's, Gulf Power's, Mississippi Power's, Southern Power's, or Southern Company Gas' internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) during the secondfirst quarter 20172018 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect Southern Company's, Alabama Power's, Georgia Power's, Gulf Power's, Mississippi Power's, Southern Power's, or Southern Company Gas' internal control over financial reporting.

ALABAMA POWER COMPANY

ALABAMA POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017
(in millions) (in millions)(in millions)
Operating Revenues:          
Retail revenues$1,333
 $1,316
 $2,560
 $2,510
$1,285
 $1,227
Wholesale revenues, non-affiliates68
 67
 133
 130
74
 66
Wholesale revenues, affiliates32
 9
 65
 31
51
 33
Other revenues51
 52
 108
 105
63
 56
Total operating revenues1,484
 1,444
 2,866
 2,776
1,473
 1,382
Operating Expenses:          
Fuel303
 295
 601
 564
326
 298
Purchased power, non-affiliates40
 40
 75
 76
64
 34
Purchased power, affiliates34
 55
 62
 88
37
 28
Other operations and maintenance375
 355
 743
 747
387
 384
Depreciation and amortization183
 175
 364
 347
189
 181
Taxes other than income taxes95
 94
 191
 191
98
 96
Total operating expenses1,030
 1,014
 2,036
 2,013
1,101
 1,021
Operating Income454
 430
 830
 763
372
 361
Other Income and (Expense):          
Allowance for equity funds used during construction8
 6
 16
 16
13
 8
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(77) (74) (153) (147)(79) (75)
Other income (expense), net1
 (4) (4) (11)5
 10
Total other income and (expense)(68) (72) (141) (142)(61) (57)
Earnings Before Income Taxes386
 358
 689
 621
311
 304
Income taxes151
 140
 277
 242
82
 126
Net Income235
 218
 412
 379
229
 178
Dividends on Preferred and Preference Stock5
 5
 9
 9
4
 4
Net Income After Dividends on Preferred and Preference Stock$230
 $213
 $403
 $370
$225
 $174

CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017
(in millions) (in millions)(in millions)
Net Income$235
 $218
 $412
 $379
$229
 $178
Other comprehensive income (loss):          
Qualifying hedges:          
Changes in fair value, net of tax of $-, $-, $-, and $(1), respectively
 
 
 (2)
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net income,
net of tax of $1, $-, $1, and $1, respectively
1
 1
 2
 2
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net income,
net of tax of $1 and $1, respectively
1
 1
Total other comprehensive income (loss)1
 1
 2
 
1
 1
Comprehensive Income$236
 $219
 $414
 $379
$230
 $179
The accompanying notes as they relate to Alabama Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

ALABAMA POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 20162018 2017
(in millions)(in millions)
Operating Activities:      
Net income$412
 $379
$229
 $178
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operating activities —      
Depreciation and amortization, total442
 419
228
 219
Deferred income taxes192
 175
32
 59
Pension, postretirement, and other employee benefits(24) (23)
Other, net4
 (33)(22) (3)
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities —      
-Receivables(58) 64
-Fossil fuel stock13
 (32)
-Prepayments(82) (76)
-Materials and supplies(27) (10)
-Other current assets(75) (67)19
 39
-Accounts payable(154) (75)(216) (214)
-Accrued taxes52
 102
57
 77
-Accrued compensation(74) (50)(108) (96)
-Retail fuel cost over recovery(65) (60)
 (36)
-Other current liabilities7
 8
45
 (9)
Net cash provided from operating activities672
 807
155
 128
Investing Activities:      
Property additions(738) (645)(490) (306)
Nuclear decommissioning trust fund purchases(117) (200)(50) (63)
Nuclear decommissioning trust fund sales117
 200
51
 63
Cost of removal, net of salvage(54) (51)(19) (26)
Change in construction payables48
 (27)(50) 5
Other investing activities(15) (18)(6) (2)
Net cash used for investing activities(759) (741)(564) (329)
Financing Activities:      
Increase in notes payable, net245
 
Proceeds —      
Senior notes550
 400

 550
Capital contributions from parent company327
 237
484
 314
Other long-term debt
 45
Redemptions — Senior notes(200) (200)
 (200)
Payment of common stock dividends(357) (382)(202) (179)
Other financing activities(14) (17)(9) (8)
Net cash provided from financing activities306
 83
518
 477
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents219
 149
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period420
 194
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period$639
 $343
Net Change in Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash109
 276
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at Beginning of Period544
 420
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at End of Period$653
 $696
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:      
Cash paid (received) during the period for —   
Interest (net of $6 and $7 capitalized for 2017 and 2016, respectively)$140
 $131
Cash paid during the period for —   
Interest (net of $5 and $3 capitalized for 2018 and 2017, respectively)$84
 $84
Income taxes, net88
 (122)9
 
Noncash transactions — Accrued property additions at end of period132
 94
195
 90
The accompanying notes as they relate to Alabama Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

ALABAMA POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
 
Assets At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Current Assets:        
Cash and cash equivalents $639
 $420
 $653
 $544
Receivables —        
Customer accounts receivable 357
 348
 345
 355
Unbilled revenues 161
 146
 131
 162
Affiliated 57
 43
Other accounts and notes receivable 36
 27
 36
 55
Affiliated 33
 40
Accumulated provision for uncollectible accounts (9) (10) (10) (9)
Fossil fuel stock 191
 205
 165
 184
Materials and supplies 443
 435
 492
 458
Prepaid expenses 86
 34
 133
 85
Other regulatory assets, current 135
 149
 131
 124
Other current assets 7
 11
 3
 5
Total current assets 2,079
 1,805
 2,136
 2,006
Property, Plant, and Equipment:        
In service 26,466
 26,031
 27,520
 27,326
Less: Accumulated provision for depreciation 9,354
 9,112
 9,693
 9,563
Plant in service, net of depreciation 17,112
 16,919
 17,827
 17,763
Nuclear fuel, at amortized cost 333
 336
 358
 339
Construction work in progress 668
 491
 1,126
 908
Total property, plant, and equipment 18,113
 17,746
 19,311
 19,010
Other Property and Investments:        
Equity investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries 67
 66
 66
 67
Nuclear decommissioning trusts, at fair value 848
 792
 897
 903
Miscellaneous property and investments 119
 112
 123
 124
Total other property and investments 1,034
 970
 1,086
 1,094
Deferred Charges and Other Assets:        
Deferred charges related to income taxes 526
 525
 233
 239
Deferred under recovered regulatory clause revenues 6
 150
 101
 54
Other regulatory assets, deferred 1,209
 1,157
 1,257
 1,272
Other deferred charges and assets 166
 163
 193
 189
Total deferred charges and other assets 1,907
 1,995
 1,784
 1,754
Total Assets $23,133
 $22,516
 $24,317
 $23,864
The accompanying notes as they relate to Alabama Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.


ALABAMA POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
 
Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Current Liabilities:        
Securities due within one year $361
 $561
 $200
 $
Notes payable 248
 3
Accounts payable —        
Affiliated 242
 297
 251
 327
Other 317
 433
 398
 585
Customer deposits 91
 88
 94
 92
Accrued taxes —    
Accrued income taxes 39
 45
Other accrued taxes 97
 42
Accrued taxes 77
 54
Accrued interest 81
 78
 65
 77
Accrued compensation 125
 193
 96
 205
Other regulatory liabilities, current 15
 85
 59
 1
Other current liabilities 63
 76
 57
 56
Total current liabilities 1,431
 1,898
 1,545
 1,400
Long-term Debt 7,082
 6,535
 7,429
 7,628
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:        
Accumulated deferred income taxes 4,842
 4,654
 2,792
 2,760
Deferred credits related to income taxes 64
 65
 2,067
 2,082
Accumulated deferred ITCs 113
 110
 111
 112
Employee benefit obligations 269
 300
 297
 304
Asset retirement obligations 1,543
 1,503
 1,709
 1,702
Other cost of removal obligations 648
 684
 596
 609
Other regulatory liabilities, deferred 84
 100
 75
 84
Other deferred credits and liabilities 69
 63
 70
 63
Total deferred credits and other liabilities 7,632
 7,479
 7,717
 7,716
Total Liabilities 16,145
 15,912
 16,691
 16,744
Redeemable Preferred Stock 85
 85
 291
 291
Preference Stock 196
 196
Common Stockholder's Equity:        
Common stock, par value $40 per share —        
Authorized — 40,000,000 shares        
Outstanding — 30,537,500 shares 1,222
 1,222
 1,222
 1,222
Paid-in capital 2,950
 2,613
 3,474
 2,986
Retained earnings 2,564
 2,518
 2,670
 2,647
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (29) (30) (31) (26)
Total common stockholder's equity 6,707
 6,323
 7,335
 6,829
Total Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity $23,133
 $22,516
 $24,317
 $23,864
The accompanying notes as they relate to Alabama Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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SECONDFIRST QUARTER 20172018 vs. SECONDFIRST QUARTER 2016
AND
YEAR-TO-DATE 2017 vs. YEAR-TO-DATE 2016


OVERVIEW
Alabama Power operates as a vertically integrated utility providing electric service to retail and wholesale customers within its traditional service territory located in the State of Alabama in addition to wholesale customers in the Southeast.
Many factors affect the opportunities, challenges, and risks of Alabama Power's business of providing electric service. These factors include the ability to maintain a constructive regulatory environment, to maintain and grow energy sales and customers, and to effectively manage and secure timely recovery of costs. These costs include those related to projected long-term demand growth, stringent environmental standards, reliability, fuel, capital expenditures, and restoration following major storms. Alabama Power has various regulatory mechanisms that operate to address cost recovery. Effectively operating pursuant to these regulatory mechanisms and appropriately balancing required costs and capital expenditures with customer prices will continue to challenge Alabama Power for the foreseeable future. On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved modifications to Rate RSE and other commitments designed to position Alabama Power to address the retail rate impact and the growing pressure on its credit quality resulting from the Tax Reform Legislation. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters" and FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Credit Rating Risk" herein for additional information and Note 3 to the financial statements of Alabama Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Rate RSE" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information on Alabama Power's established retail tariff.
Alabama Power continues to focus on several key performance indicators including, but not limited to, customer satisfaction, plant availability, system reliability, and net income after dividends on preferred and preference stock.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Income
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions)
(% change)
(change in millions)
(% change)
$17 8.0 $33 8.9
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions)
(% change)
$51 29.3
Alabama Power's net income after dividends on preferred and preference stock for the secondfirst quarter 20172018 was $230$225 million compared to $213$174 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily related to an increase in rates under Rate RSE effective January 1, 2017 and an increase in other income (expense), net. These increases were partially offset by an increase in operations and maintenance expenses and a decrease in retail revenues associated with mildercolder weather and lower customer usageexperienced in Alabama Power's service territory in the secondfirst quarter 20172018 compared to the corresponding period in 2016.
Alabama Power's net2017 and a decrease in income after dividends on preferred and preference stock for year-to-date 2017 was $403 million compared to $370 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily related to an increase in rates under Rate RSE effective January 1, 2017,tax expense, partially offset by revenues deferred as a decrease in retail revenues associated with milder weatherregulatory liability for year-to-date 2017 comparedan expected adjustment to customer billings related to the corresponding periodTax Reform Legislation. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters" herein and Note 3 to the financial statements of Alabama Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Rate RSE" in 2016.Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Retail Revenues
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$17 1.3 $50 2.0
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$58 4.7
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, retail revenues were $1.33$1.29 billion compared to $1.32$1.23 billion for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, retail revenues were $2.56 billion compared to $2.51 billion for the corresponding period in 2016.2017.

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Details of the changes in retail revenues were as follows:
Second Quarter 2017
Year-to-Date 2017First Quarter 2018
(in millions)
(% change)
(in millions)
(% change)(in millions)
(% change)
Retail – prior year$1,316
   $2,510
  $1,227
  
Estimated change resulting from –          
Rates and pricing75
 5.7
 154
 6.2
(52) (4.2)
Sales decline(11) (0.8) (12) (0.5)
Sales growth2
 0.1
Weather(11) (0.8) (66) (2.6)64
 5.2
Fuel and other cost recovery(36) (2.8) (26) (1.1)44
 3.6
Retail – current year$1,333
 1.3% $2,560
 2.0%$1,285
 4.7%
Revenues associated with changes in rates and pricing increaseddecreased in the secondfirst quarter and year-to-date 20172018 when compared to the corresponding periodsperiod in 20162017 primarily due to revenues deferred as a regulatory liability for an increase in ratesexpected adjustment to customer billings related to the Tax Reform Legislation. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under Rate RSE effective January 1, 2017. See"Regulatory Matters – Alabama Power" herein and Note 3 to the financial statements of Alabama Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Revenues attributable to changes in sales decreasedincreased in the secondfirst quarter and year-to-date 2017 when compared to the corresponding periods in 2016. Weather-adjusted residential KWH sales decreased 1.1% and 0.2% for the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively, primarily due to lower customer usage resulting from an increase in efficiency improvements in residential appliances and lighting, partially offset by customer growth. Weather-adjusted commercial KWH sales decreased 0.4% and 0.8% for the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively, primarily due to lower customer usage. Industrial KWH sales increased 1.0% for the second quarter 20172018 when compared to the corresponding period in 20162017. Industrial KWH sales increased 4.5% for the first quarter 2018 as a result of an increase in demand resulting from changes in production levels primarily in the chemicals, pipelines, and miningprimary metals sectors, partially offset by a decrease in demand fromin the paper primary metals, pipelines,sector. Weather-adjusted commercial and lumber sectors. Industrialresidential KWH sales remained flat year-to-date 2017 when compareddecreased 0.8% and 0.5%, respectively, for the first quarter 2018 primarily due to the corresponding period in 2016 as a result of an increase in demand resulting from changes in production levels primarily in the chemicals and mining sectors, offset by a decrease in demand from the pipelines, lumber, and stone, clay, and glass sectors.lower customer usage.
Revenues resulting from changes in weather decreasedincreased in the secondfirst quarter and year-to-date 20172018 due to mildercolder weather experienced in Alabama Power's service territory compared to the corresponding periodsperiod in 2016.2017. For the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, the resulting decreasesincreases were 1.5%10.3% and 0.7% for residential and commercial sales revenues, respectively. For year-to-date 2017, the resulting decreases were 5.2% and 1.4%3.2% for residential and commercial sales revenues, respectively.
Fuel and other cost recovery revenues decreasedincreased in the secondfirst quarter 2017 and year-to-date 20172018 when compared to the corresponding periodsperiod in 20162017 primarily due to an increaseincreases in wholesale revenues to affiliates, which offsets retail fuelKWH generation and the average cost recovery. of fuel.
Electric rates include provisions to recognize the full recovery of fuel costs, purchased power costs, PPAs certificated by the Alabama PSC, and costs associated with the natural disaster reserve. Under these provisions, fuel and other cost recovery revenues generally equal fuel and other cost recovery expenses and do not affect net income. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Alabama Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Wholesale Revenues Non-Affiliates
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$8 12.1
Wholesale revenues from sales to non-affiliates will vary depending on fuel prices, the market prices of wholesale energy compared to the cost of Alabama Power's and the Southern Company system's generation, demand for energy within the Southern Company system's service territory, and the availability of the Southern Company system's generation. Increases and decreases in energy revenues that are driven by fuel prices are accompanied by an increase or decrease in fuel costs and do not affect net income. Short-term opportunity energy sales are also included in wholesale energy sales to non-affiliates. These opportunity sales are made at market-based rates that generally provide a margin above Alabama Power's variable cost to produce the energy.
In the first quarter 2018, wholesale revenues from sales to non-affiliates were $74 million compared to $66 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to a 12.4% increase in the price of energy and

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a 1.2% increase in KWH sales as a result of increased demand due to colder weather in the first quarter 2018 compared to the corresponding period in 2017.
Wholesale Revenues Affiliates
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$23 255.6 $34 109.7
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$18 54.5
Wholesale revenues from sales to affiliated companies will vary depending on demand and the availability and cost of generating resources at each company. These affiliate sales are made in accordance with the IIC, as approved by

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the FERC. These transactions do not have a significant impact on earnings since this energy is generally sold at marginal cost and energy purchases are generally offset by energy revenues through Alabama Power's energy cost recovery clauses.clause.
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, wholesale revenues from sales to affiliates were $32$51 million compared to $9$33 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily due to a 175.0%29.8% increase in KWH sales as a result of lower cost Alabama Power-owned generation available to the Southern Company system and a 29.3%an 18.8% increase in the price of energy due to an increaseincreased demand as a result of colder weather in natural gas prices. For year-to-date 2017, wholesalethe first quarter 2018 compared to the corresponding period in 2017.
Other Revenues
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$7 12.5
In the first quarter 2018, other revenues from sales to affiliates were $65$63 million compared to $31$56 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily due to an 83.5% increase in KWHrevenues related to unregulated sales of products and services that were reclassified as other revenues as a result of supporting Southern Company systemthe adoption of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606). In prior periods, these revenues were included in other income (expense), net. See Note (A) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information regarding Alabama Power's adoption of ASC 606. The increase was partially offset by decreases in open access transmission reliability and a 15.5% increase in the price of energy due to an increase in natural gas prices.tariff revenues.
Fuel and Purchased Power Expenses
Second Quarter 2017
vs.
Second Quarter 2016
 Year-to-Date 2017
vs.
Year-to-Date 2016
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions)
(% change) (change in millions) (% change)(change in millions) (% change)
Fuel$8
 2.7 $37
 6.6
$28
 9.4
Purchased power – non-affiliates
  (1) (1.3)30
 88.2
Purchased power – affiliates(21) (38.2) (26) (29.5)9
 32.1
Total fuel and purchased power expenses$(13) $10
  $67
 
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, fuel and purchased power expenses were $377$427 million compared to $390$360 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The decreaseincrease was primarily due to a $55 million decrease in the volume of KWHs purchased. This decrease was partially offset by a $24 million net increase related to the average cost of purchased power and fuel and an $18$35 million increase related to the volume of KWHs generated.
For year-to-date 2017, fuelgenerated and purchased, power expenses were $738 million compared to $728 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to a $58$22 million increase in the volumeaverage cost of KWHs generatedpurchased power, and a $31$10 million net increase related to the average cost of purchased power and fuel. These increases were partially offset by a $79 million decrease in the volume of KWHs purchased.
Fuel and purchased power energy transactions do not have a significant impact on earnings since energy expenses are generally offset by energy revenues through Alabama Power's energy cost recovery clause. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Alabama Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Rate ECR" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.

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Details of Alabama Power's generation and purchased power were as follows:
Second Quarter 2017 Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017
Year-to-Date 2016First Quarter 2018
First Quarter 2017
Total generation (in billions of KWHs)
15 13 30 2816 15
Total purchased power (in billions of KWHs)
1 3 2 41 1
Sources of generation (percent)
  
Coal47 53 48 4650 49
Nuclear25 23 26 2523 26
Gas20 20 20 1918 20
Hydro8 4 6 109 5
Cost of fuel, generated (in cents per net KWH)
  
Coal2.63 2.84 2.61 2.852.69 2.60
Nuclear0.76 0.79 0.75 0.780.75 0.74
Gas2.75 2.52 2.76 2.492.87 2.77
Average cost of fuel, generated (in cents per net KWH)(a)
2.14 2.28 2.13 2.202.23 2.13
Average cost of purchased power (in cents per net KWH)(b)
7.11 3.94 6.92 4.377.10 5.59
(a)
KWHs generated by hydro are excluded from the average cost of fuel, generated.
(b)
Average cost of purchased power includes fuel, energy, and transmission purchased by Alabama Power for tolling agreements where power is generated by the provider.
Fuel
For year-to-date 2017,In the first quarter 2018, fuel expense was $601$326 million compared to $564$298 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily due to increases of 11.0% and 8.4%a 10.9% increase in the volume of KWHs generated by coal, and natural gas, respectively, a 10.8%3.6% increase in the average cost of natural gas per KWH generated, which excludes fuel associated with tolling agreements, a 3.5% increase in the average cost of coal per KWH generated, and a 28.1%1.3% increase in the average cost of nuclear per KWH generated. These increases were partially offset by a 77.3% increase in the volume of KWHs generated by hydro facilities and a 3.4% decrease in the volume of KWHs generated by hydronuclear facilities. The increase was partially offset by an 8.4% decrease in the average cost of coal per KWH generated.
Purchased Power – AffiliatesNon-Affiliates
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, purchased power expense from affiliatesnon-affiliates was $34$64 million compared to $55$34 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The decreaseincrease was primarily related to a 61.1% decrease in the amount of energy purchased as a result of lower cost Alabama Power-owned generation, partially offset by a 60.3%38.3% increase in the average cost of purchased power per KWH and a 34.8% increase in the amount of energy purchased to meet the demand as a result of higher natural gas prices.colder weather in the first quarter 2018 compared to the corresponding period in 2017.
For year-to-date 2017,Energy purchases from non-affiliates will vary depending on the market prices of wholesale energy as compared to the cost of the Southern Company system's generation, demand for energy within the Southern Company system's service territory, and the availability of the Southern Company system's generation.
Purchased Power – Affiliates
In the first quarter 2018, purchased power expense from affiliates was $62$37 million compared to $88$28 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The decreaseincrease was primarily related to a 56.1% decrease16.6% increase in the amount of energy purchased due to an increase in generation asand a result of supporting Southern Company system transmission reliability, partially offset by a 60.0%14.4% increase in the average cost of purchased power per KWH due to an increase in demand as a result of higher natural gas prices.colder weather in the first quarter 2018 compared to the corresponding period in 2017.
Energy purchases from affiliates will vary depending on demand for energy and the availability and cost of generating resources at each company within the Southern Company system. These purchases are made in accordance with the IIC or other contractual agreements, as approved by the FERC.

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Other Operations and Maintenance ExpensesIncome (Expense), Net
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$20 5.6 $(4) (0.5)
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(5) (50.0)
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, other operations and maintenance expenses were $375income (expense), net was $5 million compared to $355$10 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increasedecrease was primarily due to increasesthe reclassification of $13 million in vegetation management costs, $7 million in nuclear generation plant improvement costs,revenues and $3 million in employee benefit costs. The increase was partially offset byexpenses associated with unregulated sales of products and services to other revenues and operations and maintenance expense, respectively, as a $4 million decrease in scheduled other power generation outage costs.result of the adoption of ASC 606. See Note (A) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information regarding Alabama Power's adoption of ASC 606.
Depreciation and AmortizationIncome Taxes
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$8 4.6 $17 4.9
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(44) (34.9)
In the secondfirst quarter 2017, depreciation and amortization was $1832018, income taxes were $82 million compared to $175$126 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, depreciation and amortization was $364 million compared to $347 million for the corresponding period in 2016. These increases were primarily due to additional plant in service related to distribution, steam generation, and transmission assets. In addition, there was an increase in depreciation rates, effective January 1, 2017, associated with compliance-related steam projects, asset retirement obligation recovery, and other generation assets, partially offset by a2017. The decrease in distribution-related rates. See Note 1 to the financial statements of Alabama Power under "Depreciation and Amortization" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$5 125.0 $7 63.6
In the second quarter 2017, other income (expense), net was $1 million compared to $(4) million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, other income (expense), net was $(4) million compared to $(11) million for the corresponding period in 2016. The changes were primarily due to decreases in donations and increases in sales of non-utility property and unregulated lighting services in 2017.
Income Taxes
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$11 7.9 $35 14.5
In the second quarter 2017, income taxes were $151 million compared to $140 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to higher pre-tax earnings.
For year-to-date 2017, income taxes were $277 million compared to $242 million for the corresponding periodreduction in 2016. The increase was primarily due to higher pre-tax earnings and unrecognized tax benefits related to certain state deductions forthe federal income taxes.tax rate as a result of the Tax Reform Legislation. See Note (H) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Effective Tax Rate" herein for additional information.

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FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL
The results of operations discussed above are not necessarily indicative of Alabama Power's future earnings potential. The level of Alabama Power's future earnings depends on numerous factors that affect the opportunities, challenges, and risks of Alabama Power's primary business of providing electric service. These factors include Alabama Power's ability to maintain a constructive regulatory environment that continues to allow for the timely recovery of prudently-incurred costs during a time of increasing costs and limited projected demand growth over the next several years. Future earnings will be driven primarilyimpacted by customer growth. Earnings will also depend upon maintaining and growing sales, considering, among other things, the adoption and/or penetration rates of increasingly energy-efficient technologies and increasing volumes of electronic commerce transactions.transactions, both of which could contribute to a net reduction in customer usage. Earnings are subject to a variety of other factors. These factors include weather, competition, new energy contracts with other utilities, energy conservation practiced by customers, the use of alternative energy sources by customers, the price of electricity, the price elasticity of demand, and the rate of economic growth or decline in Alabama Power's service territory. Demand for electricity is primarily driven by economic growth. Thethe pace of economic growth and electricity demandthat may be affected by changes in regional and global economic conditions, which may impact future earnings. Current proposals related to potential federal tax reform legislation are primarily focused on reducing the corporate income tax rate, allowing 100% of capital expenditures to be deducted, and eliminating the interest deduction. The ultimate impact of any tax reform proposals is dependent on the final form of any legislation enacted and the related transition rules and cannot be determined at this time, but could have a material impact on Alabama Power's financial statements. For additional information relating to these issues, see RISK FACTORS in Item 1A and MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL of Alabama Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K.
Environmental Matters
ComplianceAlabama Power's operations are regulated by state and federal environmental agencies through a variety of laws and regulations governing air, water, land, and protection of other natural resources. Alabama Power maintains comprehensive environmental compliance and greenhouse gas (GHG) strategies to assess upcoming requirements and compliance costs relatedassociated with these environmental laws and regulations. The costs, including capital expenditures and operations and maintenance costs, required to federal and statecomply with environmental statuteslaws and regulations and to achieve stated goals may impact future unit retirement and replacement decisions, results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Related costs may result from the installation of additional environmental controls, closure and monitoring of CCR facilities, unit retirements, and adding or changing fuel sources for certain existing units, as well as related upgrades to the transmission system. A major portion of these costs are expected to be

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recovered through existing ratemaking provisions. The ultimate impact of environmental laws and regulations and the GHG goals discussed below will depend on various factors, such as state adoption and implementation of requirements, the availability and cost of any deployed control technology, and the outcome of pending and/or future legal challenges.
New or revised environmental laws and regulations could affect many areas of Alabama Power's operations. The impact of any such changes cannot be determined at this time. Environmental compliance costs could affect earnings if such costs cannot continue to be fully recovered in rates on a timely basis. Environmental compliance spending over the next several years may differ materially from the amounts estimated. The timing, specific requirements, and estimated costs could change as environmental statutes and regulations are adopted or modified, as compliance plans are revised or updated, and as legal challenges to rules are completed. Environmental compliance costs are recovered through Rate CNP Compliance. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Alabama Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Rate CNP Compliance" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information. Further, higherincreased costs that are recovered through regulated rates could contribute to reduced demand for electricity, which could negatively affect results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Additionally, many commercial and industrial customers may also be affected by existing and future environmental requirements, which for some may have the potential to ultimately affect their demand for electricity. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Environmental Matters" of Alabama Power in Item 7 and Note 3 to the financial statements of Alabama Power under "Environmental Matters" and "Retail Regulatory Matters – Rate CNP Compliance" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Environmental StatutesLaws and Regulations
Water QualityCoal Combustion Residuals
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters Environmental StatutesLaws and Regulations Water Quality" Coal Combustion Residuals" of Alabama Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the Disposal of Coal Combustion Residuals from Electric Utilities rule (CCR Rule).
Consistent with the EPA's announced plans to reconsider certain portions of the CCR Rule, on March 15, 2018, the EPA published the first of two proposed coal ash rules it plans to finalize by no later than December 2019. The impact of any changes to the CCR Rule will depend on the content of the final effluent guidelines rule and the final rule revising the regulatory definitionoutcome of waters of the U.S. for all Clean Water Act (CWA) programs.any legal challenges and cannot be determined at this time.
On April 25, 2017,20, 2018, the Alabama Environmental Management Commission approved a state CCR rule that will be provided to the EPA publishedfor a notice announcing it would reconsidersix-month review period. This state CCR rule is generally consistent with the effluent guidelines rule, which had been finalized in November 2015. On June 6, 2017, the EPA proposed a rule establishing a stay of the compliance deadlines for certain effluent limitations and pretreatment standards under the rule.
On June 27, 2017, the EPA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers proposed to rescind the final rule that revised the regulatory definition of waters of the U.S. for all CWA programs. The final rule has been stayed since October 2015 by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.

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federal CCR Rule. The ultimate outcome of these mattersthis matter cannot be determined at this time.
Global Climate Issues
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters Global Climate Issues" of Alabama Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
On March 28,Through 2017, the U.S. President signedSouthern Company system has achieved an executive order directing agenciesestimated GHG emission reduction of 36% since 2007. In April 2018, Southern Company established an intermediate goal of a 50% reduction in carbon emissions from 2007 levels by 2030 and a long-term goal of low- to review actions that potentially burdenno-carbon operations by 2050. To achieve these goals, the Southern Company system expects to continue growing its renewable energy portfolio, optimize technology advancements to modernize its transmission and distribution systems, increase the use of natural gas for generation, invest in energy efficiency, and continue research and development efforts focused on technologies to lower GHG emissions. The Southern Company system's ability to achieve these goals also will be dependent on many external factors, including supportive national energy policies, low natural gas prices, and the development, or usedeployment, and advancement of domestically producedrelevant energy resources. The executive order specifically directs the EPA to review the Clean Power Plan and final greenhouse gas emission standards for new, modified, and reconstructed electric generating units and, if appropriate, take action to suspend, revise, or rescind those rules.
On June 1, 2017, the U.S. President announced that the United States will withdraw from the non-binding Paris Agreement and begin renegotiation of its terms.
technologies. The ultimate outcome of these mattersthis matter cannot be determined at this time.
FERC Matters
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "FERC Matters" of Alabama Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's market power proceeding and amendment to their market-rate tariff.
On May 17, 2017, the FERC accepted the traditional electric operating companies' (including Alabama Power's) and Southern Power's compliance filing accepting the terms of the FERC's February 2, 2017 order regarding an amendment by the traditional electric operating companies (including Alabama Power) and Southern Power to their market-based rate tariff. While the FERC's order references the traditional electric operating companies' (including Alabama Power's) and Southern Power's market power proceeding, it remains a separate, ongoing matter.
Retail Regulatory Matters
Alabama Power's revenues from regulated retail operations are collected through various rate mechanisms subject to the oversight of the Alabama PSC. Alabama Power currently recovers its costs from the regulated retail business primarily through Rate RSE, Rate CNP, Rate ECR, and Rate NDR. In addition, the Alabama PSC issues accounting

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orders to address current events impacting Alabama Power. See Notes 1 and 3 to the financial statements of Alabama Power under "Nuclear Outage Accounting Order" and "Retail Regulatory Matters," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information regarding Alabama Power's rate mechanisms, accounting orders, and accounting orders. Thethe recovery balance of each regulatory clause for Alabama Power.
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved modifications to Rate RSE and other commitments designed to position Alabama Power to address the growing pressure on its credit quality resulting from the Tax Reform Legislation, without increasing retail rates under Rate RSE in the near term. Alabama Power plans to reduce growth in total debt by increasing equity, with corresponding reductions in debt issuances, thereby de-leveraging its capital structure. Alabama Power's goal is reportedto achieve an equity ratio of approximately 55% by the end of 2025. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters – Federal Tax Reform Legislation" of Alabama Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Rate RSE
The approved modifications to Rate RSE are effective June 2018 and applicable for January 2019 billings and thereafter. The modifications include reducing the top of the allowed weighted common equity return (WCER) range from 6.21% to 6.15% and modifications to the refund mechanism applicable to prior year actual results. The modifications to the refund mechanism allow Alabama Power to retain a portion of the revenue that causes the actual WCER for a given year to exceed the allowed range.
In conjunction with these modifications to Rate RSE, Alabama Power committed to a moratorium on any upward adjustments under Rate RSE for 2019 and 2020. Additionally, Alabama Power will return $50 million to customers through bill credits in 2019. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
In accordance with an established retail tariff that provides for an interim adjustment to customer billings to recognize the impact of a change in the statutory income tax rate, Alabama Power will also return approximately $257 million to retail customers through bill credits in the second half of 2018 as a result of the change in the federal income tax rate under the Tax Reform Legislation.
Rate ECR
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved an increase to Rate ECR from 2.015 cents per KWH to 2.353 cents per KWH effective July 2018 which is expected to result in additional collections of approximately $100 million through December 31, 2018. The approved increase in the Rate ECR factor will have no significant effect on Alabama Power's net income, but will increase operating cash flows related to fuel cost recovery in 2018. The rate will return to 5.910 cents per KWH in 2019, absent a further order from the Alabama PSC. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Accounting Order
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved an accounting order that authorizes Alabama Power to defer the benefits of federal excess deferred income taxes associated with the Tax Reform Legislation for the year ending December 31, 2018 as a regulatory liability. Up to $30 million of such deferrals may be used to offset under-recovered amounts under Rate ECR, with any remaining amounts to be used for the benefit of customers as determined by the Alabama PSC. Alabama Power expects the benefits deferred to total approximately $30 million to $50 million. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time. See Note 5 to the financial statements of Alabama Power under "Federal Tax Reform Legislation" and "Current and Deferred Income Taxes" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Income Tax Matters
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters" of Alabama Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY –

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"Credit Rating Risk," Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein.under "Regulatory Matters – Alabama Power," and Note (H) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding the Tax Reform Legislation and related regulatory actions.
Other Matters
Alabama Power is involved in various other matters being litigated and regulatory matters that could affect future earnings. In addition, Alabama Power is subject to certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. Alabama Power's business activities are subject to extensive governmental regulation related to public health and the environment, such as regulation of air emissions and water discharges. Litigation over environmental issues and claims of various types, including property damage, personal injury, common law nuisance, and citizen enforcement of environmental requirements, such as standards for air, qualitywater, land, and water standards,protection of other natural resources, has occurred throughout the U.S. This litigation has included claims for damages alleged to have been caused by CO2 and other emissions, CCR, and alleged exposure to hazardous materials, and/or requests for injunctive relief in connection with such matters.
TheultimateoutcomeofsuchpendingorpotentiallitigationagainstAlabama Power or regulatory matters cannotbepredictedatthistime;however,forcurrentproceedingsnotspecificallyreportedinNote(B)totheCondensedFinancialStatementsherein,management does not anticipate that the ultimate liabilities, if any, arising from such current proceedings would have a material effect on Alabama Power's financial statements. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial

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Statements herein for a discussion of various other contingencies, regulatory matters, and other matters being litigated which may affect future earnings potential.
On March 2, 2018, the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM) issued proposed administrative orders assessing a penalty of $1.25 million to Alabama Power for unpermitted discharge of fluids and/or pollutants to groundwater at five electric generating plants. The proposed orders also require the submission to the ADEM of a plan with a schedule for implementation of a comprehensive groundwater investigation, including an assessment of corrective measures, a report evaluating any deficiencies at the facilities that may have led to the unpermitted discharges, and quarterly progress reports. Alabama Power is awaiting finalization of the orders. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Alabama Power prepares its financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the financial statements of Alabama Power in Item 8 of the Form 10-K. In the application of these policies, certain estimates are made that may have a material impact on Alabama Power's results of operations and related disclosures. Different assumptions and measurements could produce estimates that are significantly different from those recorded in the financial statements. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" of Alabama Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a complete discussion of Alabama Power's critical accounting policies and estimates related to Utility Regulation, Asset Retirement Obligations, Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits, and Contingent Obligations.estimates.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In 2014, the FASB issued ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), replacing the existing accounting standard and industry specific guidance for revenue recognition with a five-step model for recognizing and measuring revenue from contracts with customers. The underlying principleSee MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" of Alabama Power in Item 7 of the standard isForm 10-K for additional information regarding ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). See Note (A) to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at the amount expected to be collected. The new standard also requires enhanced disclosuresCondensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows arising from contracts with customers.Alabama Power's recently adopted accounting standards.
While
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY
Overview
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Overview" of Alabama Power expects mostin Item 7 of its revenue to be included in the scope of ASC 606, it has not fully completed its evaluation of all revenue arrangements. The majority ofForm 10-K for additional information. Alabama Power's revenue, including energy provided to customers, is from tariff offerings that provide electricity without a defined contractual term, as well as longer-term contractual commitments, including PPAs. Alabama Power expects that the revenue from contracts with these customers will not result in a significant shift in the timing of revenue recognition for such sales.
Alabama Power's ongoing evaluation of other revenue streams and related contracts includes unregulated sales to customers. Some revenue arrangements, such as alternative revenue programs, are excluded from the scope of ASC 606 and, therefore, will be accounted for and disclosed or presented separately from revenues under ASC 606 on Alabama Power's financial statements, if material. In addition, the power and utilities industry continues to evaluate other specific industry issues, including the applicability of ASC 606 to contributions in aid of construction (CIAC). Although final implementation guidance has not been issued, Alabama Power expects CIAC to be out of the scope of ASC 606.
The new standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Alabama Power intends to use the modified retrospective method of adoption effective January 1, 2018. Alabama Power has also elected to utilize practical expedients which allow it to apply the standard to open contracts at the date of adoption and to reflect the aggregate effect of all modifications when identifying performance obligations and allocating the transaction price for contracts modified before the effective date. Under the modified retrospective method of adoption, prior year reported results are not restated; however, a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings at January 1, 2018 is recorded. In addition, disclosures will include comparative information on 2018 financial statement line items under current guidance. While the adoption of ASC 606, including the cumulative-effect adjustment, is not expected to have a material impact on either the timing or amount of revenues recognized in Alabama Power's financial statements, Alabama Power will continue to evaluate the requirements, as well as any additional clarifying guidance that may be issued.
On March 10, 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (ASU 2017-07). ASU 2017-07 requires that an employer report the service cost component in the same line item or items

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as other compensation costs and requires the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs to be separately presented in the income statement outside income from operations. Additionally, only the service cost component is eligible for capitalization, when applicable. However, all cost components remain eligible for capitalization under FERC regulations. ASU 2017-07 will be applied retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost component and the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in the income statement. The capitalization of the service cost component of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in assets will be applied on a prospective basis. ASU 2017-07 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods. Alabama Power is currently evaluating the new standard. The presentation changes required for net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs will result in a decrease in Alabama Power's operating income and an increase in other income for 2016 and 2017 and are expected to result in a decrease in operating income and an increase in other income for 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-07 is not expected to have a material impact on Alabama Power's financial statements.
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY
Overview
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Overview" of Alabama Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information. Alabama Power's financial condition remained stable at June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. Alabama Power intends to continue to monitor its access to short-term and long-term capital markets as well as its bank credit arrangements to meet future capital and liquidity needs. See "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations," "Sources of Capital," and "Financing Activities" herein for additional information.
Net cash provided from operating activities totaled $672$155 million for the first sixthree months of 2017, a decrease2018, an increase of $135$27 million as compared to the first sixthree months of 2016.2017. The decreaseincrease in net cash provided from operating activities was primarily due to higher retail revenues associated with colder weather and the receipttiming of income tax refunds in 2016 as a result of bonus depreciation.the expected reduction to customer billings related to the Tax Reform Legislation. Net cash used for investing activities totaled $759$564 million for the first sixthree months of 20172018 primarily due to gross property additions related to distribution, environmental, and transmission and steam generation.assets. Net cash provided from financing activities totaled $306$518 million for the first sixthree months of 20172018 primarily due to an issuance of long-term debt and additional capital contributions from Southern Company and net issuances of short-term debt included in notes payable, partially offset by a common stock dividend payments and a redemption of long-term debt.payment. Fluctuations in cash flows from financing activities vary from period to period based on capital needs and the maturity or redemption of securities.
Significant balance sheet changes for the first sixthree months of 20172018 include increases of $547 million in long-term debt, primarily due to the issuance of additional senior notes, $367 million in property, plant, and equipment, primarily due to additions to distribution, steam generation, and transmission, $337$488 million in additional paid-in capital due to capital contributions from Southern Company, and $219$301 million in cashproperty, plant, and cash equivalents, as well as a decrease ofequipment primarily due to additions to environmental, distribution, and transmission assets, $245 million in notes payable primarily due to additional short-term borrowings, $200 million in securities due within one year.year reclassified from long-term debt, and $109 million in cash and cash equivalents. Other significant changes include a decrease of $187 million in other accounts payable primarily due to the timing of vendor payments.
Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" of Alabama Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a description of Alabama Power's capital requirements for its construction program, including estimated capital expenditures to comply with existing environmental statutes and regulations, scheduled maturities of long-term debt, as well as the related interest, derivative obligations, preferred and preference stock dividends, leases, purchase commitments, and trust funding requirements.contractual obligations. Approximately $361$200 million will be required through June 30, 2018March 31, 2019 to fund maturities of long-term debt.
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Environmental Matters – Environmental Statutes and Regulations – General" and " – Global Climate Issues"Matters" of Alabama Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information on Alabama Power's environmental compliance strategy.

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The construction program is subject to periodic review and revision, and actual construction costs may vary from these estimates because of numerous factors. These factors include: changes in business conditions; changes in load projections; changes in environmental statuteslaws and regulations; the outcome of any legal challenges to the environmental rules; changes in generating plants, including unit retirements and replacements and adding or changing fuel sources at existing generating units, to meet regulatory requirements; changes in the expected environmental compliance program; changes in FERC rules and regulations; Alabama PSC approvals; changes in legislation; the cost and efficiency of construction labor, equipment, and materials; project scope and design changes; storm impacts; and the cost of capital. In addition, there can be no assurance that costs related to capital expenditures will be fully recovered.
Sources of Capital
Alabama Power plans to obtain the funds to meet its future capital needs from sources similar to those used in the past, which were primarily from operating cash flows, short-term debt, term loans, external security issuances, borrowings from financial institutions, and equity contributions from Southern Company. However, the amount, type, and timing of any future financings, if needed, will depend upon prevailing market conditions, regulatory approval, and other factors. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Sources of Capital" of Alabama Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Alabama Power's current liabilities sometimes exceed current assets because of long-term debt maturities and the periodic use of short-term debt as a funding source, as well as significant seasonal fluctuations in cash needs.

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FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS



At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Alabama Power had approximately $639$653 million of cash and cash equivalents. Committed credit arrangements with banks at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 were as follows:
ExpiresExpires     Expires Within One YearExpires     Expires Within One Year
2017 2018 2022 Total Unused Term Out No Term Out
20182018 2020 2022 Total Unused Term Out No Term Out
(in millions)
$3
 $532
 $800
 $1,335
 $1,335
 $
 $35
35
 $500
 $800
 $1,335
 $1,335
 $
 $35
See Note 6 to the financial statements of Alabama Power under "Bank Credit Arrangements" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (E)(F) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Bank Credit Arrangements" herein for additional information.
As reflected in the table above, in May 2017, Alabama Power amended its $800 million multi-year credit arrangement, which, among other things, extended the maturity date from 2020 to 2022.
Most of these bank credit arrangements, as well as Alabama Power's term loan arrangements, contain covenants that limit debt levels and contain cross-acceleration provisions to other indebtedness (including guarantee obligations) of Alabama Power. Such cross-acceleration provisions to other indebtedness would trigger an event of default if Alabama Power defaulted on indebtedness, the payment of which was then accelerated. At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Alabama Power was in compliance with all such covenants. None of the bank credit arrangements contain material adverse change clauses at the time of borrowings.
Subject to applicable market conditions, Alabama Power expects to renew or replace its bank credit arrangements as needed, prior to expiration. In connection therewith, Alabama Power may extend the maturity dates and/or increase or decrease the lending commitments thereunder.
A portion of the unused credit with banks is allocated to provide liquidity support to Alabama Power's pollution control revenue bonds and commercial paper programs. The amount of variable rate pollution control revenue bonds outstanding requiring liquidity support was approximately $890$854 million as of June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Alabama Power had no$120 million of fixed rate pollution control revenue bonds outstanding that were required to be reoffered within the next 12 months.

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Alabama Power also has substantial cash flow from operating activities and access to capital markets, including a commercial paper program, to meet liquidity needs. Alabama Power may meet short-term cash needs through its commercial paper program. Alabama Power may also meet short-term cash needs through a Southern Company subsidiary organized to issue and sell commercial paper at the request and for the benefit of Alabama Power and the other traditional electric operating companies. Proceeds from such issuances for the benefit of Alabama Power are loaned directly to Alabama Power. The obligations of each traditional electric operating company under these arrangements are several and there is no cross-affiliate credit support. Short-term borrowings are included in notes payable in the balance sheets.
Details of commercial papershort-term borrowings were as follows:
  
Short-term Debt During the Period(*)
  
Average
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest Rate
 
Maximum
Amount
Outstanding
  (in millions)   (in millions)
Commercial paper $28
 1.1% $200
 
Short-term Debt at
March 31, 2018
 
Short-term Debt During the Period(*)
 Amount Outstanding Weighted Average Interest Rate Average
Amount Outstanding
 Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 Maximum
Amount
Outstanding
 (in millions)   (in millions)   (in millions)
Commercial paper$245
 2.3% $37
 1.9% $255
Short-term bank loan3
 3.7% 3
 3.7% 3
Total$248
 2.4% $40
 2.1%  
(*)Average and maximum amounts are based upon daily balances during the three-month period ended June 30, 2017. No short-term debt was outstanding at June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018.
Alabama Power believes the need for working capital can be adequately met by utilizing commercial paper programs, lines of credit, and operating cash flows.

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Credit Rating Risk
At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Alabama Power did not have any credit arrangements that would require material changes in payment schedules or terminations as a result of a credit rating downgrade.
There are certain contracts that could require collateral, but not accelerated payment, in the event of a credit rating change to BBB and/or Baa2 or below. These contracts are primarily for physical electricity purchases, fuel purchases, fuel transportation and storage, energy price risk management, and transmission.
The maximum potential collateral requirements under these contracts at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 were as follows:
Credit Ratings
Maximum Potential
Collateral
Requirements
Maximum Potential
Collateral
Requirements
(in millions)(in millions)
At BBB and/or Baa2$1
$1
At BBB- and/or Baa3$2
$1
Below BBB- and/or Baa3$326
$280
Included in these amounts are certain agreements that could require collateral in the event that either Alabama Power or Georgia Power has a credit rating change to below investment grade. Generally, collateral may be provided by a Southern Company guaranty, letter of credit, or cash. Additionally, a credit rating downgrade could impact the ability of Alabama Power to access capital markets and would be likely to impact the cost at which it does so.
On March 24, 2017, S&P revised its consolidatedWhile it is unclear how the credit rating outlook foragencies and the FERC may respond to the Tax Reform Legislation, certain financial metrics, such as the funds from operations to debt percentage, used by the credit rating agencies to assess Southern Company and its subsidiaries, (includingincluding Alabama Power) from stablePower, may be negatively impacted. The modifications to negative.Rate RSE and other commitments approved by the Alabama PSC are expected to help mitigate these potential adverse impacts to certain credit metrics and will help Alabama Power meet its goal of achieving an equity ratio of approximately 55% by the end of 2025. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Alabama Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Rate RSE" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Alabama Power – Rate RSE" herein for additional information.
Financing Activities
In February 2017, Alabama Power repaid at maturity $200 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2007A 5.55% Senior Notes.

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Indid not issue or redeem any securities during the three months ended March 2017, Alabama Power issued $550 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2017A 2.45% Senior Notes due March 30, 2022. The proceeds were used to repay Alabama Power's short-term indebtedness and for general corporate purposes, including Alabama Power's continuous construction program.
Subsequent to June 30, 2017, Alabama Power repaid at maturity $36.1 million aggregate principal amount of Series 1993-A, 1993-B, and 1993-C Industrial Development Board of the City of Mobile, Alabama Pollution Control Revenue Refunding Bonds (Alabama Power Company Project).31, 2018.
In addition to any financings that may be necessary to meet capital requirements and contractual obligations, Alabama Power plans to continue, when economically feasible, a program to retire higher-cost securities and replace these obligations with lower-cost capital if market conditions permit.

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)

For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017
(in millions) (in millions)(in millions)
Operating Revenues:          
Retail revenues$1,904
 $1,907
 $3,593
 $3,624
$1,798
 $1,689
Wholesale revenues, non-affiliates40
 40
 79
 82
44
 39
Wholesale revenues, affiliates9
 10
 17
 15
10
 8
Other revenues95
 94
 191
 202
109
 96
Total operating revenues2,048
 2,051
 3,880
 3,923
1,961
 1,832
Operating Expenses:          
Fuel445
 439
 815
 815
412
 371
Purchased power, non-affiliates103
 92
 191
 175
121
 88
Purchased power, affiliates138
 111
 310
 250
171
 172
Other operations and maintenance399
 439
 781
 896
408
 399
Depreciation and amortization223
 214
 444
 425
228
 221
Taxes other than income taxes101
 100
 199
 197
108
 98
Total operating expenses1,409
 1,395
 2,740
 2,758
1,448
 1,349
Operating Income639
 656
 1,140
 1,165
513
 483
Other Income and (Expense):          
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(104) (99) (205) (193)(106) (101)
Other income (expense), net16
 8
 36
 26
38
 38
Total other income and (expense)(88) (91) (169) (167)(68) (63)
Earnings Before Income Taxes551
 565
 971
 998
445
 420
Income taxes199
 211
 355
 371
93
 156
Net Income352
 354
 616
 627
352
 264
Dividends on Preferred and Preference Stock5
 5
 9
 9

 4
Net Income After Dividends on Preferred and Preference Stock$347
 $349
 $607
 $618
$352
 $260
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)

For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017
(in millions) (in millions)(in millions)
Net Income$352
 $354
 $616
 $627
$352
 $264
Other comprehensive income (loss):          
Qualifying hedges:          
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net income,
net of tax of $-, $-, $1, and $1, respectively
1
 1
 2
 1
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net income,
net of tax of $- and $-, respectively
1
 1
Total other comprehensive income (loss)1
 1
 2
 1
1
 1
Comprehensive Income$353
 $355
 $618
 $628
$353
 $265
The accompanying notes as they relate to Georgia Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 20162018 2017
(in millions)(in millions)
Operating Activities:      
Net income$616
 $627
$352
 $264
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operating activities --   
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operating activities —   
Depreciation and amortization, total543
 530
280
 271
Deferred income taxes159
 157
(38) 71
Allowance for equity funds used during construction(25) (24)
Deferred expenses41
 39
35
 38
Pension, postretirement, and other employee benefits(45) (28)(19) (21)
Settlement of asset retirement obligations(62) (52)(23) (22)
Other, net(39) 36
(7) (42)
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities —      
-Receivables(150) (25)135
 142
-Fossil fuel stock(32) 61
24
 (38)
-Prepaid income taxes84
 5
-Other current assets(22) 10
9
 (16)
-Accounts payable(153) 6
(180) (155)
-Accrued taxes(194) (137)(191) (235)
-Accrued compensation(65) (44)(85) (87)
-Retail fuel cost over recovery(84) 1

 (66)
-Other current liabilities(6) 16
(3) 2
Net cash provided from operating activities482
 1,173
373
 111
Investing Activities:      
Property additions(1,284) (1,058)(681) (556)
Nuclear decommissioning trust fund purchases(271) (386)(255) (161)
Nuclear decommissioning trust fund sales266
 380
250
 155
Cost of removal, net of salvage(32) (34)(26) (17)
Change in construction payables, net of joint owner portion1
 (75)(47) (36)
Payments pursuant to LTSAs(56) (14)(43) (22)
Sale of property63
 
Asset dispositions134
 63
Other investing activities(12) 17

 8
Net cash used for investing activities(1,325) (1,170)(668) (566)
Financing Activities:      
Increase in notes payable, net37
 39
Decrease in notes payable, net
 (391)
Proceeds —      
Capital contributions from parent company380
 239
1,474
 345
Senior notes850
 650

 850
FFB loan
 300
Short-term borrowings800
 
Redemptions and repurchases —      
Pollution control revenue bonds(27) (4)(278) 
Senior notes(450) (500)
Short-term borrowings(150) 
Other long-term debt(100) 
Payment of common stock dividends(640) (653)(339) (320)
Other financing activities(19) (20)(6) (11)
Net cash provided from financing activities931
 51
601
 473
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents88
 54
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period3
 67
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period$91
 $121
Net Change in Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash306
 18
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at Beginning of Period852
 3
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at End of Period$1,158
 $21
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:      
Cash paid during the period for —   
Interest (net of $11 and $10 capitalized for 2017 and 2016, respectively)$186
 $174
Cash paid (received) during the period for —   
Interest (net of $6 and $5 capitalized for 2018 and 2017, respectively)$115
 $88
Income taxes, net213
 78

 (5)
Noncash transactions — Accrued property additions at end of period348
 288
525
 320
The accompanying notes as they relate to Georgia Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
 
Assets At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Current Assets:        
Cash and cash equivalents $91
 $3
 $1,158
 $852
Receivables —        
Customer accounts receivable 565
 523
 471
 544
Unbilled revenues 251
 224
 189
 255
Under recovered fuel clause revenues 156
 165
Joint owner accounts receivable 199
 57
 226
 262
Affiliated 24
 24
Other accounts and notes receivable 62
 81
 77
 76
Affiliated 22
 18
Accumulated provision for uncollectible accounts (3) (3) (2) (3)
Fossil fuel stock 330
 298
 290
 314
Materials and supplies 477
 479
 499
 504
Prepaid expenses 55
 105
 117
 216
Other regulatory assets, current 193
 193
 198
 205
Other current assets 22
 38
 39
 14
Total current assets 2,264
 2,016
 3,442
 3,428
Property, Plant, and Equipment:        
In service 34,410
 33,841
 35,177
 34,861
Less: Accumulated provision for depreciation 11,502
 11,317
 11,818
 11,704
Plant in service, net of depreciation 22,908
 22,524
 23,359
 23,157
Nuclear fuel, at amortized cost 559
 569
 550
 544
Construction work in progress 5,422
 4,939
 4,800
 4,613
Total property, plant, and equipment 28,889
 28,032
 28,709
 28,314
Other Property and Investments:        
Equity investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries 56
 60
 52
 53
Nuclear decommissioning trusts, at fair value 874
 814
 930
 929
Miscellaneous property and investments 51
 46
 59
 59
Total other property and investments 981
 920
 1,041
 1,041
Deferred Charges and Other Assets:        
Deferred charges related to income taxes 675
 676
 517
 516
Other regulatory assets, deferred 2,790
 2,774
 2,940
 2,932
Other deferred charges and assets 589
 417
 550
 548
Total deferred charges and other assets 4,054
 3,867
 4,007
 3,996
Total Assets $36,188
 $34,835
 $37,199
 $36,779
The accompanying notes as they relate to Georgia Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.


GEORGIA POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
 
Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Current Liabilities:        
Securities due within one year $261
 $460
 $757
 $857
Notes payable 1,228
 391
 
 150
Accounts payable —        
Affiliated 367
 438
 349
 493
Other 657
 589
 742
 834
Customer deposits 269
 265
 273
 270
Accrued taxes 212
 407
 129
 344
Accrued interest 115
 106
 110
 123
Accrued compensation 141
 224
 110
 219
Asset retirement obligations, current 251
 299
 213
 270
Other regulatory liabilities, current 232
 191
Other current liabilities 185
 297
 215
 198
Total current liabilities 3,686
 3,476
 3,130
 3,949
Long-term Debt 10,793
 10,225
 10,797
 11,073
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:        
Accumulated deferred income taxes 6,163
 6,000
 3,140
 3,175
Deferred credits related to income taxes 118
 121
 3,219
 3,248
Accumulated deferred ITCs 251
 256
 269
 248
Employee benefit obligations 652
 703
 651
 659
Asset retirement obligations, deferred 2,340
 2,233
 2,425
 2,368
Other deferred credits and liabilities 206
 199
 148
 128
Total deferred credits and other liabilities 9,730
 9,512
 9,852
 9,826
Total Liabilities 24,209
 23,213
 23,779
 24,848
Preferred Stock 45
 45
Preference Stock 221
 221
Common Stockholder's Equity:        
Common stock, without par value —        
Authorized — 20,000,000 shares        
Outstanding — 9,261,500 shares 398
 398
 398
 398
Paid-in capital 7,274
 6,885
 8,805
 7,328
Retained earnings 4,052
 4,086
 4,228
 4,215
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (11) (13) (11) (10)
Total common stockholder's equity 11,713
 11,356
 13,420
 11,931
Total Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity $36,188
 $34,835
 $37,199
 $36,779
The accompanying notes as they relate to Georgia Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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SECONDFIRST QUARTER 20172018 vs. SECONDFIRST QUARTER 2016
AND
YEAR-TO-DATE 2017 vs. YEAR-TO-DATE 2016


OVERVIEW
Georgia Power operates as a vertically integrated utility providing electric service to retail customers within its traditional service territory located within the State of Georgia and to wholesale customers in the Southeast.
Many factors affect the opportunities, challenges, and risks of Georgia Power's business of providing electric service. These factors include the ability to maintain a constructive regulatory environment, to maintain and grow energy sales, and to effectively manage and secure timely recovery of costs. These costs include those related to projected long-term demand growth, stringent environmental standards, reliability, fuel, capital expenditures, and restoration following major storms. Georgia Power has various regulatory mechanisms that operate to address cost recovery. Effectively operating pursuant to these regulatory mechanisms andappropriately balancing required costs and capital expenditures with customer prices will continue to challenge Georgia Power for the foreseeable future.
On March 29, 2017,April 3, 2018, the EPC Contractor filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. To provide forGeorgia PSC approved a continuation of work at Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, entered into an interim assessmentsettlement agreement with the EPC Contractor (Interim Assessment Agreement), which the bankruptcy court approved on March 30, 2017. On June 9, 2017,between Georgia Power and the other Vogtle Owners and Toshiba entered into a settlement agreementstaff of the Georgia PSC regarding the Toshiba Guarantee (Guarantee Settlement Agreement). Pursuant to the Guarantee Settlement Agreement, Toshiba acknowledged the amount of its obligation under the Toshiba Guarantee is $3.68 billion (Guarantee Obligations), of which Georgia Power's proportionate share is approximately $1.7 billion, and that the Guarantee Obligations exist regardless of whether Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are completed. Additionally, on June 9, 2017, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the other Vogtle Owners, and the EPC Contractor entered into a services agreement (Services Agreement), which was amended and restated on July 20, 2017, for the EPC Contractor to transition construction management of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 to Southern Nuclear and to provide ongoing design, engineering, and procurement services to Southern Nuclear. On July 27, 2017, the Services Agreement, and the EPC Contractor's rejection of the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, became effective upon approval by the DOE and the Interim Assessment Agreement expired pursuant to its terms. The Services Agreement will continue until the start-up and testing of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 is complete and electricity is generated and sold from both units. The Services Agreement is terminable by the Vogtle Owners upon 30 days' written notice.
Georgia Power and the other Vogtle Owners are continuing to conduct comprehensive schedule and cost-to-complete assessments, as well as cancellation cost assessments, to determine theretail rate impact of the EPC Contractor's bankruptcy filing on the construction costTax Reform Legislation (Tax Reform Settlement Agreement). The Tax Reform Settlement Agreement provides for $330 million in refunds to customers for 2018 and schedule for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Georgia Power will continue working with the Georgia PSC2019 and the other Vogtle Ownersdeferral of certain revenues and tax benefits to determine future actions related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, including, but not limited to, the status of construction andbe addressed in Georgia Power's next base rate recovery, and currently expects to include its recommendation in its seventeenth Vogtle Construction Monitoring (VCM) reportcase, which is expected to be filed with theby July 1, 2019. The Georgia PSC in late August 2017.
An inability or other failure by Toshibaalso approved an increase to perform its obligations under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement could have a further material impact on the net cost to the Vogtle Owners to complete construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 and, therefore, on Georgia Power's financial statements. The ultimate outcome of these matters also is dependent onretail equity ratio to address the completionnegative cash flow and credit metric impacts of the assessments described above, as well as the related regulatory treatment, and cannot be determined at this time.Tax Reform Legislation. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory MattersNuclear Construction"Rate Plans" herein for additional information on Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, including Georgia Power's preliminary cost-to-complete and cancellation cost assessments for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4.the Tax Reform Settlement Agreement.

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Georgia Power continues to focus on several key performance indicators including, but not limited to, customer satisfaction, plant availability, system reliability, the execution of major construction projects, and net incomeincome.
Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 Status
In 2009, the Georgia PSC certified construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. In 2012, the NRC issued the related combined construction and operating licenses, which allowed full construction of the two AP1000 nuclear units (with electric generating capacity of approximately 1,100 MWs each) and related facilities to begin. Until March 2017, construction on Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 continued under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, which was a substantially fixed price agreement. In March 2017, the EPC Contractor filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code.
In connection with the EPC Contractor's bankruptcy filing, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, entered into the Interim Assessment Agreement with the EPC Contractor to allow construction to continue. The Interim Assessment Agreement expired in July 2017 when the Vogtle Services Agreement became effective. In August 2017, following completion of comprehensive cost to complete and cancellation cost assessments, Georgia Power filed its seventeenth VCM report with the Georgia PSC, which included a recommendation to continue construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, with Southern Nuclear serving as project manager and Bechtel serving as the primary construction contractor. In December 2017, the Georgia PSC approved Georgia Power's recommendation to continue construction.
Georgia Power expects Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 to be placed in service by November 2021 and November 2022, respectively. Georgia Power's capital cost forecast for its 45.7% proportionate share of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 is $8.8 billion ($7.3 billion after dividendsreflecting $1.7 billion received from Toshiba in 2017 under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement and $188 million in Customer Refunds recognized as a regulatory liability in 2017). Georgia Power's CWIP balance for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 was $3.6 billion at March 31, 2018, which is net of the Guarantee Settlement Agreement payments less the Customer Refunds. Georgia Power estimates that its financing costs for construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 will total approximately $3.1 billion, of which $1.6 billion had been incurred through March 31, 2018.

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See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory MattersNuclear Construction" herein for additional information on preferredPlant Vogtle Units 3 and preference stock.4.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Income
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$(2) (0.6) $(11) (1.8)
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$92 35.4
Georgia Power's net income after dividends on preferred and preference stock for the secondfirst quarter 20172018 was $347$352 million compared to $349$260 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, net income after dividends on preferred and preference stock2017. The increase was $607 millionprimarily due to an increase in retail revenues associated with colder weather in the first quarter 2018 compared to $618 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The decreases were primarily2017 and a decrease in income tax expense due to milder weathera lower federal income tax rate as compared toa result of the corresponding periods in 2016,Tax Reform Legislation. The increase was partially offset by lower non-fuel operations and maintenance expenses.revenues deferred as a regulatory liability for future customer refunds related to the Tax Reform Legislation.
Retail Revenues
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$(3) (0.2) $(31) (0.9)
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$109 6.5
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, retail revenues were $1.90$1.80 billion compared to $1.91$1.69 billion for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, retail revenues were $3.59 billion compared to $3.62 billion for the corresponding period in 2016.2017.
Details of the changes in retail revenues were as follows:
Second Quarter 2017 Year-to-Date 2017First Quarter 2018
(in millions) (% change) (in millions) (% change)(in millions) (% change)
Retail – prior year$1,907
   $3,624
  $1,689
  
Estimated change resulting from –          
Rates and pricing(7) (0.4) 19
 0.5
(50) (3.0)
Sales growth (decline)1
 0.1
 (11) (0.3)
Sales growth22
 1.3
Weather(38) (2.0) (110) (3.1)65
 3.9
Fuel cost recovery41
 2.1
 71
 2.0
72
 4.3
Retail – current year$1,904
 (0.2)% $3,593
 (0.9)%$1,798
 6.5 %
Revenues associated with changes in rates and pricing decreased in the secondfirst quarter and increased year-to-date 20172018 when compared to the corresponding periodsperiod in 2016. An increase2017 primarily due to revenues deferred as a regulatory liability for future customer refunds related to the Tax Reform Legislation, the rate pricing effect of increased customer usage, and a decrease in revenues related to the recovery of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 construction financing costs under the NCCR tariff, was more than offsetalso primarily related to the reduction in the second quarter 2017federal income tax rate under the Tax Reform Legislation. The decrease was partially offset by the ratehigher contributions from variable demand-driven pricing effect of decreased customer usage and lower contributions from commercial and industrial customers under a rate plancustomers. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters – Rate Plans" herein for variable demand-driven pricing. Seeadditional information on regulatory actions related to the Tax Reform Legislation. Also, see MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters – Nuclear Constructions"Construction" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters – Nuclear Construction – Regulatory Matters" herein for additional information related to the NCCR tariff.
Revenues attributable to changes in sales were essentially flat in the second quarter and decreased year-to-date 2017 when compared to the corresponding periods in 2016. Weather-adjusted residential KWH sales increased 0.3%, weather-adjusted commercial KWH sales increased 0.4%, and weather-adjusted industrial KWH sales decreased

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1.3%Revenues attributable to changes in sales increased in the secondfirst quarter 20172018 when compared to the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, weather-adjusted2017. Weather-adjusted residential and commercial KWH sales increased 0.8%2.1% and 2.4%, weather-adjusted commercial KWH sales decreased 1.0%, and weather-adjustedrespectively, for the first quarter 2018 largely due to customer growth. Weather-adjusted industrial KWH sales decreased 2.2% when compared to the corresponding period in 2016. An increase of approximately 29,000 residential customers since June 30, 2016 contributed to the increase in weather-adjusted residential KWH sales. A decline in average customer usage resulting from an increase in energy saving initiatives and electronic commerce transactions contributed to the decrease in weather-adjusted commercial KWH sales, partially offset by an increase of approximately 2,000 commercial customers since June 30, 2016. Decreased demandincreased 0.9% in the chemicals, paper, and transportation sectors was the main contributorfirst quarter 2018 primarily due to the decrease in weather-adjusted industrial KWH sales, partially offset by increased demand in the non-manufacturingutilities, stone, clay, and rubber sectors.glass, and textiles sectors, partially offset by decreased demand in the paper sector. Despite a more stable dollar and improving global economy, the industrial sector remains constrained by economic policy uncertainty.
Fuel revenues and costs are allocated between retail and wholesale jurisdictions. RetailIn the first quarter 2018, retail fuel cost recovery revenues increased $41$72 million and $71 million in the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively, when compared to the corresponding periodsperiod in 20162017 primarily due to higher natural gas prices, partially offset by lowerincreased energy sales driven by colder weather, resulting from milder weather as compared to the corresponding periods in 2016.increased customer demand, and higher purchased power costs. Electric rates include provisions to periodically adjust billings for fluctuations in fuel costs, including the energy component of purchased power costs. Under these fuel cost recovery provisions, fuel revenues generally equal fuel expenses and do not affect net income. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters – Fuel Cost Recovery" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Other Revenues
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$1 1.1 $(11) (5.4)
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$13 13.5
For year-to-date 2017,In the first quarter 2018, other revenues were $191$109 million compared to $202$96 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The decreaseincrease was primarily due to a $14$15 million adjustment in 2016 for customer temporary facilities services revenues and an $8 million decrease in open access transmission tariff revenues, partially offset by a $7 million increase in outdoor lighting salesof revenues primarily attributablefrom unregulated sales of products and services that were reclassified as other revenues as a result of the adoption of ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606). In prior periods, these revenues were included in other income (expense), net. See Note (A) to LED conversions and a $3 million increase in solar application fee revenue.the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information regarding Georgia Power's adoption of ASC 606.
Fuel and Purchased Power Expenses
Second Quarter 2017
vs.
Second Quarter 2016
 Year-to-Date 2017
vs.
Year-to-Date 2016
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)(change in millions) (% change)
Fuel$6
 1.4 $
 $41
 11.1
Purchased power – non-affiliates11
 12.0 16
 9.133
 37.5
Purchased power – affiliates27
 24.3 60
 24.0(1) (0.6)
Total fuel and purchased power expenses$44
 $76
 $73
  
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, total fuel and purchased power expenses were $686$704 million compared to $642$631 million in the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily due to a $45$55 million increase inrelated to the average cost of fuel and purchased power primarily related to higher natural gas prices, slightly offset byand a decreasenet increase of $18 million related to the volume of KWHs generated and purchased due to mildercolder weather resulting in lower customer demand.
For year-to-date 2017, total fuel and purchased power expenses were $1.32 billion compared to $1.24 billion in the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to an $89 million increase in the average cost of fuel and purchased power primarily related to higher natural gas prices, partially offset by a net decrease of $13 million

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related to the volume of KWHs generated and purchased due to milder weather, resulting in lower customer demand.
Fuel and purchased power energy transactions do not have a significant impact on earnings since these fuel expenses are generally offset by fuel revenues through Georgia Power's fuel cost recovery mechanism. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters – Fuel Cost Recovery" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.

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Details of Georgia Power's generation and purchased power were as follows:
Second Quarter 2017 Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 Year-to-Date 2016First Quarter 2018 First Quarter 2017
Total generation (in billions of KWHs)
16 17 30 3316 14
Total purchased power (in billions of KWHs)
6 6 13 126 7
Sources of generation (percent)
  
Gas44 45
Coal36 36 32 3329 27
Nuclear25 24 25 2424 26
Gas37 38 41 40
Hydro2 2 2 33 2
Cost of fuel, generated (in cents per net KWH)
  
Gas2.72 2.77
Coal3.20 3.37 3.23 3.453.36 3.26
Nuclear0.84 0.84 0.84 0.850.82 0.85
Gas2.75 2.18 2.76 2.10
Average cost of fuel, generated (in cents per net KWH)
2.43 2.29 2.41 2.262.43 2.39
Average cost of purchased power (in cents per net KWH)(*)
4.76 4.45 4.61 4.385.38 4.47
(*)Average cost of purchased power includes fuel purchased by Georgia Power for tolling agreements where power is generated by the provider.
Fuel
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, fuel expense was $445$412 million compared to $439$371 million in the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily due to a 26.2%15.1% increase in the average cost of natural gas per KWH generated, partially offset by a 6.1% decrease in the volume of KWHs generated by coal and natural gas. For year-to-date 2017, fuel expense remained flat comparedlargely due to the corresponding periodcolder weather resulting in 2016 primarily resulting from a 31.4% increase in the average cost of natural gas per KWH generated, offset by a 9.5% decrease in the volume of KWHs generated by coal and natural gas.higher customer demand.
Purchased Power – Non-Affiliates
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, purchased power expense from non-affiliates was $103$121 million compared to $92$88 million in the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, purchased power expense from non-affiliates2017. The increase was $191 million compared to $175 million in the corresponding period in 2016. The increases were primarily due to increasesa 24.6% increase in the volume of KWHs purchased of 13.4%primarily due to colder weather, resulting in higher customer demand, and 11.6%a 15.8% increase in the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively,average cost per KWH purchased primarily due to unplanned outages at Georgia Power-owned generating units.higher natural gas prices.
Energy purchases from non-affiliates will vary depending on the market prices of wholesale energy as compared to the cost of the Southern Company system's generation, demand for energy within the Southern Company system's electric service territory, and the availability of the Southern Company system's generation.

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Purchased Power – Affiliates
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, purchased power expense from affiliates was $138$171 million compared to $111$172 million in the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increasedecrease was primarily the result of an 11.1% increase in the average cost per KWH purchased primarily resulting from higher natural gas prices anddue to a 5.9% increase20.8% decrease in the volume of KWHs purchased due to unplanned outages at Georgia Power-owned generating units and to supportlower availability driven by colder weather, resulting in higher customer demand, within the Southern Company system, transmission reliability.
For year-to-date 2017, purchased power expense from affiliates was $310 million compared to $250 million in the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily the result ofpartially offset by a 10.1% increase in the volume of KWHs purchased due to unplanned outages at Georgia Power-owned generating units and to support Southern Company system transmission reliability and an 8.8%14.0% increase in the average cost per KWH purchased primarily resulting from higher natural gas prices.
Energy purchases from affiliates will vary depending on demand and the availability and cost of generating resources at each company within the Southern Company system. These purchases are made in accordance with the IIC or other contractual agreements, all as approved by the FERC.
Other Operations and Maintenance Expenses
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$(40) (9.1) $(115) (12.8)
In the second quarter 2017, other operations and maintenance expenses were $399 million compared to $439 million in the corresponding period in 2016. The decrease was primarily due to cost containment activities implemented in the third quarter 2016 that contributed to decreases of $14 million in generation maintenance costs and $9 million in transmission and distribution overhead line maintenance. Other factors include decreases of $9 million in customer accounts, service, and sales costs, $5 million in transmission station expenses, and $5 million in billing adjustments with integrated transmission system owners, partially offset by a $7 million increase in scheduled generation outage costs.
For year-to-date 2017, other operations and maintenance expenses were $781 million compared to $896 million in the corresponding period in 2016. The decrease was primarily due to cost containment activities implemented in the third quarter 2016 that contributed to decreases of $28 million in generation maintenance costs, $18 million in transmission and distribution maintenance costs, and $13 million in employee benefit costs. Other factors include a $19 million increase in gains from sales of integrated transmission system assets and a $14 million decrease in customer assistance expenses primarily in demand-side management costs related to the timing of new programs.
Depreciation and Amortization
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$9 4.2 $19 4.5
In the second quarter 2017, depreciation and amortization was $223 million compared to $214 million in the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to a $7 million increase related to additional plant in service and a $4 million decrease in amortization of regulatory liabilities related to other cost of removal obligations that expired in December 2016.
For year-to-date 2017, depreciation and amortization was $444 million compared to $425 million in the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to a $17 million increase related to additional plant in service and a $7 million decrease in amortization of regulatory liabilities related to other cost of removal obligations

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that expired in December 2016, partially offset by a $5 million decrease in depreciation related to generating unit retirements in 2016.
Interest Expense, Net of Amounts CapitalizedOther Operations and Maintenance Expenses
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$5 5.1 $12 6.2
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$9 2.3
In the secondfirst quarter 2017, interest expense, net of amounts capitalized was $1042018, other operations and maintenance expenses were $408 million compared to $99$399 million in the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, interest expense, net2017. The increase was primarily due to a $19 million decrease in gains from sales of amounts capitalized was $205integrated transmission system assets and a $6 million increase in demand-side management costs, partially offset by decreases of $15 million in certain compensation and benefit costs, $6 million in scheduled generation outage costs, and $5 million in customer accounts and sales costs. Also contributing to the increase were $14 million of expenses from unregulated sales of products and services that were reclassified as other operations and maintenance expenses as a result of the adoption of ASC 606. In prior periods, these expenses were included in other income (expense), net. See Note (A) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information regarding Georgia Power's adoption of ASC 606.
Taxes Other Than Income Taxes
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$10 10.2
In the first quarter 2018, taxes other than income taxes were $108 million compared to $193$98 million in the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increases wereincrease was primarily due to senior notes issuancesincreases of $6 million in municipal franchise fees largely related to higher retail revenues and additional long-term borrowings from$4 million in property taxes as a result of an increase in the FFB.assessed value of property.
See FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Sources of Capital" herein for additional information on borrowings from the FFB.
Other Income (Expense), NetTaxes
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$8 100.0 $10 38.5
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(63) (40.4)
In the secondfirst quarter 2017, other2018, income (expense), net was $16taxes were $93 million compared to $8$156 million in the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, other income (expense), net2017. The decrease was $36 million compared to $26 million in the corresponding period in 2016. The increases were primarily due to increases in gains on purchasesa lower federal income tax rate as a result of state tax credits.
Income Taxes
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$(12) (5.7) $(16) (4.3)
In the second quarter 2017, income taxes were $199 million comparedTax Reform Legislation. See Note (H) to $211 million in the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, income taxes were $355 million compared to $371 million in the corresponding period in 2016. The decreases were primarily due to increased state ITCs and lower pre-tax earnings.Condensed Financial Statements under "Effective Tax Rate" herein for additional information.
FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL
The results of operations discussed above are not necessarily indicative of Georgia Power's future earnings potential. The level of Georgia Power's future earnings depends on numerous factors that affect the opportunities, challenges, and risks of Georgia Power's business of providing electric service. These factors include Georgia Power's ability to maintain a constructive regulatory environment that continues to allow for the timely recovery of prudently-incurred costs during a time of increasing costs and limited projected demand growth over the next several years. Completing the cost assessments and determining future actions related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 construction and rate recovery are also major factors. Future earnings will be driven primarily by customer growth. Earnings will also depend upon maintaining and growing sales, considering, among other things, the adoption and/or penetration rates of increasingly energy-efficient technologies, increasing volumes of electronic commerce transactions, and higher multi-family home construction.construction, all of which could contribute to a net reduction in customer usage. Earnings are subject to a variety of other factors. These factors include weather, competition, new energy contracts with other utilities, energy conservation practiced by customers, the use of alternative energy sources by customers, the price of electricity, the price elasticity of demand, and the rate of economic growth or decline in Georgia Power's service territory. Demand for electricity is primarily

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driven by economic growth. Thethe pace of economic growth and electricity demandthat may be affected by changes in regional and global economic conditions, which may impact future earnings.
Current proposals related to potential federal tax reform legislation are primarily focused on reducing the corporate income tax rate, allowing 100% of capital expenditures to be deducted, and eliminating the interest deduction. The ultimate impact of any tax reform proposals, including any potential changes to the availability of nuclear PTCs, is dependent on the final form of any legislation enacted and the related transition rules and cannot be determined at this time, but could have a material impact on Georgia Power's financial statements.
For additional information relating to these issues, see RISK FACTORS in Item 1A and MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and RISK FACTORS in Item 1A herein.10-K.
Environmental Matters
ComplianceGeorgia Power's operations are regulated by state and federal environmental agencies through a variety of laws and regulations governing air, water, land, and protection of other natural resources. Georgia Power maintains comprehensive environmental compliance and greenhouse gas (GHG) strategies to assess upcoming requirements and compliance costs relatedassociated with these environmental laws and regulations. The costs, including capital expenditures and operations and maintenance costs, required to federal and statecomply with environmental statuteslaws and regulations and to achieve stated goals may impact future unit retirement and replacement decisions, results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Related costs may result from the installation of additional environmental controls, closure and monitoring of CCR facilities, unit retirements, and adding or changing fuel sources for certain existing units, as well as related upgrades to the transmission system. A major portion of these costs are expected to be recovered through existing ratemaking provisions. The ultimate impact of environmental laws and regulations and the GHG goals discussed below will depend on various factors, such as state adoption and implementation of requirements, the availability and cost of any deployed control technology, and the outcome of pending and/or future legal challenges.
New or revised environmental laws and regulations could affect many areas of Georgia Power's operations. The impact of any such changes cannot be determined at this time. Environmental compliance costs could affect earnings if such costs cannot continue to be fully recovered in rates on a timely basis. Georgia Power's Environmental Compliance Cost Recovery (ECCR) tariff allows for the recovery of capital and operations and maintenance costs related to environmental controls mandated by state and federal regulations. Environmental compliance spending over the next several years may differ materially from the amounts estimated. The timing, specific requirements, and estimated costs could change as environmental statutes and regulations are adopted or modified, as compliance plans are revised or updated, and as legal challenges to rules are completed. Further, higherincreased costs that are recovered through regulated rates could contribute to reduced demand for electricity, which could negatively affect results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Additionally, many commercial and industrial customers may also be affected by existing and future environmental requirements, which for some may have the potential to ultimately affect their demand for electricity. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Environmental Matters" of Georgia Power in Item 7 and Note 3 to the financial statements of Georgia Power under "Environmental Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Environmental StatutesLaws and Regulations
Air QualityCoal Combustion Residuals
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters Environmental StatutesLaws and Regulations Air Quality" Coal Combustion Residuals" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the Disposal of Coal Combustion Residuals from Electric Utilities rule (CCR Rule).
Consistent with the EPA's eight-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS).
On June 2, 2017,announced plans to reconsider certain portions of the CCR Rule, on March 15, 2018, the EPA published athe first of two proposed coal ash rules it plans to finalize by no later than December 2019. The impact of any changes to the CCR Rule will depend on the content of the final rule redesignating a 15-county area within metropolitan Atlanta to attainment forand the 2008 eight-hour ozone NAAQS.
On June 18, 2017, the EPA published a notice delaying attainment designations for the 2015 eight-hour ozone NAAQS by one year, setting a revised deadline of October 1, 2018. The ultimate outcome of this matterany legal challenges and cannot be determined at this time.
Water QualityGlobal Climate Issues
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters Environmental Statutes and Regulations Water Quality"Global Climate Issues" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the final effluent guidelines rule and the final rule revising the regulatory definition of waters of the U.S. for all Clean Water Act (CWA) programs.
On April 25, 2017, the EPA published a notice announcing it would reconsider the effluent guidelines rule, which had been finalized in November 2015. On June 6, 2017, the EPA proposed a rule establishing a stay of the compliance deadlines for certain effluent limitations and pretreatment standards under the rule.
On June 27, 2017, the EPA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers proposed to rescind the final rule that revised the regulatory definition of waters of the U.S. for all CWA programs. The final rule has been stayed since October 2015 by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.information.

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Through 2017, the Southern Company system has achieved an estimated GHG emission reduction of 36% since 2007. In April 2018, Southern Company established an intermediate goal of a 50% reduction in carbon emissions from 2007 levels by 2030 and a long-term goal of low- to no-carbon operations by 2050. To achieve these goals, the Southern Company system expects to continue growing its renewable energy portfolio, optimize technology advancements to modernize its transmission and distribution systems, increase the use of natural gas for generation, complete construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, invest in energy efficiency, and continue research and development efforts focused on technologies to lower GHG emissions. The Southern Company system's ability to achieve these goals also will be dependent on many external factors, including supportive national energy policies, low natural gas prices, and the development, deployment, and advancement of relevant energy technologies. The ultimate outcome of these mattersthis matter cannot be determined at this time.
Global Climate Issues
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters Global Climate Issues" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
On March 28, 2017, the U.S. President signed an executive order directing agencies to review actions that potentially burden the development or use of domestically produced energy resources. The executive order specifically directs the EPA to review the Clean Power Plan and final greenhouse gas emission standards for new, modified, and reconstructed electric generating units and, if appropriate, take action to suspend, revise, or rescind those rules.
On June 1, 2017, the U.S. President announced that the United States will withdraw from the non-binding Paris Agreement and begin renegotiation of its terms.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
FERC Matters
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "FERC Matters" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's market power proceeding and amendment to their market-rate tariff.
On May 17, 2017, the FERC accepted the traditional electric operating companies' (including Georgia Power's) and Southern Power's compliance filing accepting the terms of the FERC's February 2, 2017 order regarding an amendment by the traditional electric operating companies (including Georgia Power) and Southern Power to their market-based rate tariff. While the FERC's order references the traditional electric operating companies' (including Georgia Power's) and Southern Power's market power proceeding, it remains a separate, ongoing matter.
Retail Regulatory Matters
Georgia Power's revenues from regulated retail operations are collected through various rate mechanisms subject to the oversight of the Georgia PSC. Georgia Power currently recovers its costs from the regulated retail business through the 2013 ARP, which includes traditional base tariff rates, Demand-Side Management tariffs, ECCR tariffs, and Municipal Franchise Fee tariffs. In addition, financing costs related to thecertified construction costs of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are being collected through the NCCR tariff and fuel costs are collected through a separate fuel cost recovery tariff. See "Nuclear Construction" herein and Note 3 to the financial statements of Georgia Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Nuclear Construction" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the NCCR tariff. Also see MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters – Fuel Cost Recovery" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding fuel cost recovery.
RenewablesRate Plans
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters – Integrated Resource Plan" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding renewable energy projects.
On May 16, 2017, the Georgia PSC approved Georgia Power's request to build, own, and operate a 139-MW solar generation facility at a U.S. Air Force base that is expected to be placed in service by the end of 2019.
During the six months ended June 30, 2017, Georgia Power continued construction of a 31-MW solar generation facility at a U.S. Marine Corps base that is expected to be placed in service in the fourth quarter 2017.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.

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Integrated Resource Plan
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters – Integrated Resource Plan"Rate Plans" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Georgia Power's triennial Integrated Resource Plan.2013 ARP and the Georgia PSC's 2018 order related to the Tax Reform Legislation.
On March 7, 2017,April 3, 2018, the Georgia PSC approved the Tax Reform Settlement Agreement. Pursuant to the Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, to reflect the federal income tax rate reduction impact of the Tax Reform Legislation, Georgia Power will refund to customers a total of $330 million through bill credits of $131 million in October 2018, $96 million in June 2019, and $103 million in February 2020. In addition, Georgia Power is deferring as a regulatory liability (i) the revenue equivalent of the tax expense reduction resulting from legislation lowering the Georgia state income tax rate from 6.00% to 5.75% in 2019 and (ii) the entire benefit of approximately $700 million in federal and state excess accumulated deferred income taxes. The amortization of these regulatory liabilities is expected to be addressed in Georgia Power's decisionnext base rate case, which is scheduled to suspend work atbe filed by July 1, 2019. If there is not a future generation sitebase rate case in Stewart County,2019, customers will receive $185 million in annual bill credits beginning in 2020, with any additional federal and state income tax savings deferred as a regulatory liability, until Georgia due to changing economics, including load forecastsPower's next base rate case.
To address the negative cash flow and lower fuel costs. The timingcredit metric impacts of recovery for costs incurred of approximately $50 million will be determined bythe Tax Reform Legislation, the Georgia PSC also approved an increase in a futureGeorgia Power's retail equity ratio to the lower of (i) Georgia Power's actual common equity weight in its capital structure or (ii) 55%, until Georgia Power's next base rate case. The ultimate outcomeBenefits from reduced federal income tax rates in excess of this matter cannotthe amounts refunded to customers will be determined at this time.retained by Georgia Power to cover the carrying costs of the incremental equity in 2018 and 2019.
Nuclear Construction
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Georgia Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Nuclear Construction" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, VCM reports, and the NCCR tariff, and the Contractor Settlement Agreement.
Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement and EPC Contractor Bankruptcy
In 2008, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, entered into the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, pursuant to which the EPC Contractor agreed to design, engineer, procure, construct, and test Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Under the terms of the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, the Vogtle Owners agreed to pay a purchase price subject to certain price escalations and adjustments, including fixed escalation amounts and index-based adjustments, as well as adjustments for change orders, and performance bonuses for early completion and unit performance. Georgia Power's proportionate share of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 is 45.7%.
The Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement also provided for liquidated damages upon the EPC Contractor's failure to fulfill the schedule and certain performance guarantees, each subject to an aggregate cap of 10% of the contract price, or approximately $920 million (approximately $420 million based on Georgia Power's ownership interest). Under the Toshiba Guarantee, Toshiba guaranteed certain payment obligations of the EPC Contractor, including any liability of the EPC Contractor for abandonment of work. In January 2016, Westinghouse delivered to the Vogtle Owners $920 million of letters of credit from financial institutions (Westinghouse Letters of Credit) to secure a portion of the EPC Contractor's potential obligations under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement. The Westinghouse Letters of Credit are subject to annual renewals through June 30, 2020 and require 60 days' written notice to Georgia Power in the event the Westinghouse Letters of Credit will not be renewed.
Under the terms of the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, the EPC Contractor did not have the right to terminate the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement for convenience. In the event of an abandonment of work by the EPC Contractor, the maximum liability of the EPC Contractor under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement was 40% of the contract price (approximately $1.7 billion based on Georgia Power's ownership interest).
On March 29, 2017, the EPC Contractor filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. To provide for a continuation of work at Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, entered into the Interim Assessment Agreement, which the bankruptcy court approved on March 30, 2017.
The Interim Assessment Agreement provided, among other items, that during the term of the Interim Assessment Agreement (i) Georgia Power was obligated to pay, on behalf of the Vogtle Owners, all costs accrued by the EPC Contractor for subcontractors and vendors for services performed or goods provided, with these amounts paid to the EPC Contractor, except that amounts accrued for Fluor Corporation (Fluor) were paid directly to Fluor; (ii) the EPC Contractor provided certain engineering, procurement, and management services for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, to the same extent as contemplated by the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, and Georgia Power, on behalf of the Vogtle Owners, made payments of $5.4 million per week for these services; (iii) Georgia Power had the right to make payments, on behalf of the Vogtle Owners, directly to subcontractors and vendors who had accounts past due with the EPC Contractor; (iv) the EPC Contractor used commercially reasonable efforts to provide information reasonably requested by Georgia Power as was necessary to continue construction and investigation of thetariff.

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completion status of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4; (v) the EPC Contractor rejected or accepted the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement by the termination of the Interim Assessment Agreement; and (vi) Georgia Power did not exercise any remedies against Toshiba under the Toshiba Guarantee. Under the Interim Assessment Agreement, all parties expressly reserved all rights and remedies under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement and all related security and collateral under applicable law.Contracts
The Interim Assessment Agreement, as amended, expired onEffective in July 27, 2017. Georgia Power's aggregate liability for the Vogtle Owners under the Interim Assessment Agreement totaled approximately $650 million, of which $552 million had been paid or accrued as of June 30, 2017. Georgia Power's proportionate share of this aggregate liability totaled approximately $297 million.
Subsequent to the EPC Contractor bankruptcy filing, a number of subcontractors to the EPC Contractor, including Fluor Enterprises, Inc., a subsidiary of Fluor, alleged non-payment by the EPC Contractor for amounts owed for work performed on Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, has taken, and continues to take, actions to remove liens filed by these subcontractors through the posting of surety bonds. Georgia Power estimates the aggregate liability, through July 31, 2017, of the Vogtle Owners for the removal of subcontractor liens and payment of other EPC Contractor pre-petition accounts payable to total approximately $400 million, of which $354 million had been paid or accrued as of June 30, 2017. Georgia Power's proportionate share of this aggregate liability totaled approximately $183 million.
On June 9, 2017, Georgia Power and the other Vogtle Owners and Toshiba entered the Guarantee Settlement Agreement. Pursuant to the Guarantee Settlement Agreement, Toshiba acknowledged the amount of its obligation under the Toshiba Guarantee is $3.68 billion, of which Georgia Power's proportionate share is approximately $1.7 billion, and that the Guarantee Obligations exist regardless of whether Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are completed. The Guarantee Settlement Agreement also provides for a schedule of payments for the Guarantee Obligations, beginning in October 2017 and continuing through January 2021. In the event Toshiba receives certain payments, including sale proceeds, from or related to Westinghouse (or its subsidiaries) or Toshiba Nuclear Energy Holdings (UK) Limited (or its subsidiaries), it will hold a portion of such payments in trust for the Vogtle Owners and promptly pay them as offsets against any remaining Guarantee Obligations. Under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement, the Vogtle Owners will forbear from exercising certain remedies, including drawing on the Westinghouse Letters of Credit, until June 30, 2020, unless certain events of nonpayment, insolvency, or other material breach of the Guarantee Settlement Agreement by Toshiba occur. If such an event occurs, the balance of the Guarantee Obligations will become immediately due and payable, and the Vogtle Owners may exercise any and all rights and remedies, including drawing on the Westinghouse Letters of Credit without restriction. In addition, the Guarantee Settlement Agreement does not restrict the Vogtle Owners from fully drawing on the Westinghouse Letters of Credit in the event they are not renewed or replaced prior to the expiration date.
On June 23, 2017, Toshiba released a revised outlook for fiscal year 2016, which reflected a negative shareholders' equity balance of approximately $5 billion as of March 31, 2017, and announced that its independent audit process was continuing. Toshiba has also announced the existence of material events and conditions that raise substantial doubt about Toshiba's ability to continue as a going concern. As a result, substantial risk regarding the Vogtle Owners' ability to fully collect the Guarantee Obligations continues to exist. An inability or other failure by Toshiba to perform its obligations under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement could have a further material impact on the net cost to the Vogtle Owners to complete construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 and, therefore, on Georgia Power's financial statements.
Additionally, on June 9, 2017, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the other Vogtle Owners, and the EPC Contractor entered into the Vogtle Services Agreement, which was amendedwhereby Westinghouse will provide facility design and restatedengineering services, procurement and technical support, and staff augmentation on July 20, 2017, for the EPC Contractor to transition construction management of Planta time and materials cost basis. The Vogtle Units 3 and 4 to Southern Nuclear and to provide ongoing design, engineering, and procurement services to Southern Nuclear. On July 20, 2017, the bankruptcy court approved the EPC Contractor's motion seeking authorization to (i) enter into the Services Agreement, (ii) assume and assign to the Vogtle Owners certain project-related contracts, (iii) join the Vogtle Owners as counterparties to certain assumed project-related contracts, and (iv) reject the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement.

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The Services Agreement, and the EPC Contractor's rejection of the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, became effective upon approval by the DOE on July 27, 2017. The Services Agreement will continue until the start-up and testing of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 isare complete and electricity is generated and sold from both units. The Vogtle Services Agreement is terminable by the Vogtle Owners upon 30 days' written notice.
In October 2017, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the other Vogtle Owners, entered into a construction completion agreement with Bechtel, whereby Bechtel will serve as the primary contractor for the remaining construction activities for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 (Bechtel Agreement). The ultimate outcomeBechtel Agreement is a cost reimbursable plus fee arrangement, whereby Bechtel is reimbursed for actual costs plus a base fee and an at-risk fee, which is subject to adjustment based on Bechtel's performance against cost and schedule targets. Each Vogtle Owner is severally (not jointly) liable for its proportionate share, based on its ownership interest, of these matters cannotall amounts owed to Bechtel under the Bechtel Agreement. The Vogtle Owners may terminate the Bechtel Agreement at any time for their convenience, provided that the Vogtle Owners will be determinedrequired to pay amounts related to work performed prior to the termination (including the applicable portion of the base fee), certain termination-related costs, and, at this time.certain stages of the work, the applicable portion of the at-risk fee. Bechtel may terminate the Bechtel Agreement under certain circumstances, including certain Vogtle Owner suspensions of work, certain breaches of the Bechtel Agreement by the Vogtle Owners, Vogtle Owner insolvency, and certain other events. Pursuant to the Loan Guarantee Agreement between Georgia Power and the DOE, Georgia Power is required to obtain the DOE's approval of the Bechtel Agreement prior to obtaining any further advances under the Loan Guarantee Agreement.
In November 2017, the Vogtle Owners entered into an amendment to their joint ownership agreements for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 (as amended, Vogtle Joint Ownership Agreements) to provide for, among other conditions, additional Vogtle Owner approval requirements. Pursuant to the Vogtle Joint Ownership Agreements, the holders of at least 90% of the ownership interests in Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 must vote to continue construction if certain adverse events occur, including (i) the bankruptcy of Toshiba; (ii) termination or rejection in bankruptcy of certain agreements, including the Vogtle Services Agreement or the Bechtel Agreement; (iii) the Georgia PSC or Georgia Power determines that any of Georgia Power's costs relating to the construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 will not be recovered in retail rates because such costs are deemed unreasonable or imprudent; or (iv) an increase in the construction budget contained in the seventeenth VCM report of more than $1 billion or extension of the project schedule contained in the seventeenth VCM report of more than one year. In addition, pursuant to the Vogtle Joint Ownership Agreements, the required approval of holders of ownership interests in Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 is at least (i) 90% for a change of the primary construction contractor and (ii) 67% for material amendments to the Vogtle Services Agreement or agreements with Southern Nuclear or the primary construction contractor, including the Bechtel Agreement. The Vogtle Joint Ownership Agreements also confirm that the Vogtle Owners' sole recourse against Georgia Power or Southern Nuclear for any action or inaction in connection with their performance as agent for the Vogtle Owners is limited to removal of Georgia Power and/or Southern Nuclear as agent, except in cases of willful misconduct.
Regulatory Matters
In 2009, the Georgia PSC voted to certify construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 with a certified capital cost of $4.418 billion. In addition, in 2009 the Georgia PSC approved inclusion of the Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 related CWIP accounts in rate base, and the State of Georgia enacted the Georgia Nuclear Energy Financing Act, which allows Georgia Power to recover financing costs for nuclear construction projects certified by the Georgia PSC.Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Financing costs are recovered on all applicable certified costs through annual adjustments to the NCCR tariff by includingup to the related CWIP accounts in rate base during the construction period.certified capital cost of $4.418 billion. As of June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Georgia Power had recovered approximately $1.4$1.6 billion of financing costs.
On DecemberMarch 20, 2016,2018, the Georgia PSC votedapproved a decrease to approve a settlement agreement (Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement) resolving the following prudence matters: (i) none of the $3.3 billion of costs incurred through December 31, 2015 and reflected in the fourteenth VCM report will be disallowed from rate base on the basis of imprudence; (ii) the Contractor Settlement Agreement is reasonable and prudent and none of the amounts paid or to be paid pursuant to the Contractor Settlement Agreement should be disallowed from rate base on the basis of imprudence; (iii) financing costs on verified and approved capital costs will be deemed prudent provided they are incurred prior to December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2020 for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, respectively; and (iv) (a) the in-service capital cost forecast will be adjusted to $5.680 billion (Revised Forecast), which includes a contingency of $240 million above Georgia Power's then current forecast of $5.440 billion, (b) capital costs incurred up to the Revised Forecast will be presumed to be reasonable and prudent with the burden of proof on any party challenging such costs, and (c) Georgia Power would have the burden to show that any capital costs above the Revised Forecast are reasonable and prudent. Under the terms of the Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement, the certified in-service capital cost for purposes of calculating the NCCR tariff will remain at $4.418 billion. Construction capital costs above $4.418 billion will accrue AFUDC through the date each unit is placed in service. The ROE used to calculate the NCCR tariff was reduced from 10.95% (the ROE rate setting point authorized by the Georgia PSC in the 2013 ARP) to 10.00%of approximately $50 million, effective JanuaryApril 1, 2016. For purposes of the AFUDC calculation, the ROE on costs between $4.418 billion and $5.440 billion will also be 10.00% and the ROE on any amounts above $5.440 billion would be Georgia Power's average cost of long-term debt. If the Georgia PSC adjusts Georgia Power's ROE rate setting point in a rate case prior to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 being placed into retail rate base, then the ROE for purposes of calculating both the NCCR tariff and AFUDC will likewise be 95 basis points lower than the revised ROE rate setting point. If Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are not placed in service by December 31, 2020, then (i) the ROE for purposes of calculating the NCCR tariff will be reduced an additional 300 basis points, or $8 million per month, and may, at the Georgia PSC's discretion, be accrued to be used for the benefit of customers, until such time as the units are placed in service and (ii) the ROE used to calculate AFUDC will be Georgia Power's average cost of long-term debt.
Under the terms of the Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement, the Georgia PSC will determine, for retail ratemaking purposes, the process of transitioning Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 from a construction project to an operating plant no later than Georgia Power's base rate case required to be filed by July 1, 2019.
The Georgia PSC has approved fifteen VCM reports covering the periods through June 30, 2016, including construction capital costs incurred, which through that date totaled $3.7 billion. Georgia Power filed its sixteenth VCM report, covering the period from July 1 through December 31, 2016, requesting approval of $222 million of construction capital costs incurred during that period, with the Georgia PSC on February 27, 2017.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.2018.

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Revised CostGeorgia Power is required to file semi-annual VCM reports with the Georgia PSC by February 28 and Schedule
August 31 each year. In 2013, in connection with the eighth VCM report, the Georgia PSC approved a stipulation between Georgia Power and the other Vogtle Owners are continuing to conduct comprehensive schedule and cost-to-complete assessments, as well as cancellation cost assessments, to determine the impactstaff of the EPC Contractor's bankruptcy filing onGeorgia PSC to waive the construction cost and schedule for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Georgia Power's preliminary assessment results indicate that its proportionate share ofrequirement to amend the remaining estimated cost to complete Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 ranges as follows:
Preliminary in-service dates   
Unit 3February 2021March 2022
Unit 4February 2022March 2023
 (in billions)
Preliminary estimated cost to complete$3.9
$4.6
CWIP as of June 30, 20174.5
 4.5
Guarantee Obligations(1.7) (1.7)
Estimated capital costs$6.7
$7.4
Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement Revised Forecast(5.7) (5.7)
Estimated net additional capital costs$1.0
$1.7
Georgia Power's estimates for cost to complete and schedule are based on preliminary analysis and remain subject to further refinementcertificate in accordance with the 2009 certification order until the completion of labor productivity and consumable and commodity quantities and costs.
Georgia Power's estimated financing costs during the construction period total approximately $3.1 billion to $3.5 billion, of which approximately $1.4 billion had been incurred through June 30, 2017.
Georgia Power's preliminary cancellation cost estimate results indicate that its proportionate share of the estimated cancellation costs is approximately $400 million. As a result, as of June 30, 2017, total estimated costs subject to evaluation by Georgia Power and the Georgia PSC in the event of a cancellation decision are as follows:
 Preliminary Cancellation Cost Estimate
 (in billions)
CWIP as of June 30, 2017$4.5
Financing costs collected, net of tax1.4
Cancellation costs(*)
0.4
Total$6.3
(*)The estimate for cancellation costs includes, but is not limited to, costs to terminate contracts for construction and other services, as well as costs to secure the Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 construction site.
The Guarantee Obligations continue to exist in the event of cancellation. In addition, under Georgia law, prudently incurred costs related to certificated projects cancelledPlant Vogtle Unit 3, or earlier if deemed appropriate by the Georgia PSC are allowed recovery, including carrying costs, in future retail rates.and Georgia Power will continue working withPower.
In 2016, the Georgia PSC voted to approve a settlement agreement (Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement) resolving certain prudency matters in connection with the fifteenth VCM report. In December 2017, the Georgia PSC voted to approve (and issued its related order on January 11, 2018) certain recommendations made by Georgia Power in the seventeenth VCM report and modifying the other Vogtle Owners to determine future actionsCost Settlement Agreement. The Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement, as modified by the January 11, 2018 order, resolved the following regulatory matters related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, including, but not limited4: (i) none of the $3.3 billion of costs incurred through December 31, 2015 and reflected in the fourteenth VCM report should be disallowed from rate base on the basis of imprudence; (ii) the Contractor Settlement Agreement was reasonable and prudent and none of the amounts paid pursuant to the statusContractor Settlement Agreement should be disallowed from rate base on the basis of construction and rate recovery, and currently expectsimprudence; (iii) (a) capital costs incurred up to include its recommendation in its seventeenth VCM report$5.68 billion would be presumed to be filedreasonable and prudent with the burden of proof on any party challenging such costs, (b) Georgia Power would have the burden to show that any capital costs above $5.68 billion were prudent, and (c) a revised capital cost forecast of $7.3 billion (after reflecting the impact of payments received under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement and Customer Refunds) was found reasonable; (iv) construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 should be completed, with Southern Nuclear serving as project manager and Bechtel as primary contractor; (v) approved and deemed reasonable Georgia Power's revised schedule placing Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 in service in November 2021 and November 2022, respectively; (vi) confirmed that the revised cost forecast does not represent a cost cap and that prudence decisions on cost recovery will be made at a later date, consistent with applicable Georgia law; (vii) reduced the ROE used to calculate the NCCR tariff (a) from 10.95% (the ROE rate setting point authorized by the Georgia PSC in late August 2017.the 2013 ARP) to 10.00% effective January 1, 2016, (b) from 10.00% to 8.30%, effective January 1, 2020, and (c) from 8.30% to 5.30%, effective January 1, 2021 (provided that the ROE in no case will be less than Georgia Power's average cost of long-term debt); (viii) reduced the ROE used for AFUDC equity for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 from 10.00% to Georgia Power's average cost of long-term debt, effective January 1, 2018; and (ix) agreed that upon Unit 3 reaching commercial operation, retail base rates would be adjusted to include carrying costs on those capital costs deemed prudent in the Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement. The January 11, 2018 order also stated that if Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are not commercially operational by June 1, 2021 and June 1, 2022, respectively, the ROE used to calculate the NCCR tariff will be further reduced by 10 basis points each month (but not lower than Georgia Power's average cost of long-term debt) until the respective unit is commercially operational. The ROE reductions negatively impacted earnings by approximately $25 million in 2017 and are estimated to have negative earnings impacts of approximately $100 million in 2018 and an aggregate of $585 million from 2019 to 2022. In its January 11, 2018 order, the Georgia PSC stated if other certain conditions and assumptions upon which Georgia Power's seventeenth VCM report are based do not materialize, both Georgia Power and the Georgia PSC reserve the right to reconsider the decision to continue construction.
On February 12, 2018, Georgia Interfaith Power & Light, Inc. and Partnership for Southern Equity, Inc. filed a petition appealing the Georgia PSC's January 11, 2018 order with the Fulton County Superior Court. On March 8, 2018, Georgia Watch filed a similar appeal to the Fulton County Superior Court for judicial review of the Georgia PSC's final decision and denial of Georgia Watch's motion for reconsideration. Georgia Power believes the two appeals have no merit; however, an adverse outcome in either appeal could have a material impact on Georgia Power's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity.
The ultimate outcomeIRS has allocated PTCs to each of these matters is dependent on the completionPlant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. The nominal value of Georgia Power's portion of the assessments described above, as well asPTCs is approximately $500 million per unit.
The Georgia PSC has approved seventeen VCM reports covering the related regulatory treatment, and cannot be determined at this time.periods through June 30, 2017, including total construction capital costs incurred through that date of $4.4 billion. Georgia Power filed its eighteenth VCM report on February 28, 2018 requesting approval of $448 million of construction capital costs (excluding the $1.7 billion

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Other Mattersreceived from Toshiba under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement and the $188 million in Customer Refunds recognized as a regulatory liability) incurred from July 1, 2017 through December 31, 2017.
AsThe ultimate outcome of June 30, 2017, these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Cost and Schedule
Georgia Power had borrowed $2.6 billion relatedPower's approximate proportionate share of the remaining estimated capital cost to complete Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 with in-service dates of November 2021 and November 2022, respectively, is as follows:
 (in billions)
Project capital cost forecast$7.3
Net investment as of March 31, 2018(3.7)
Remaining estimate to complete$3.6
Note: Excludes financing costs capitalized through AFUDC and is net of $1.7 billion received from Toshiba in 2017 under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement and $188 million in Customer Refunds recognized as a loan guarantee agreement between regulatory liability in 2017.
Georgia Power and the DOE and a multi-advance credit facility among Georgia Power, the DOE, and the FFB. See Note 6 to the financial statementsestimates that its financing costs for construction of Georgia Power under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (E) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" herein for additional information, including applicable covenants, events of default, mandatory prepayment events, and conditions to borrowing.
The IRS has allocated PTCs to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 will total approximately $3.1 billion, of which require that$1.6 billion had been incurred through March 31, 2018.
Subsequent to the applicable unit be placedEPC Contractor bankruptcy filing, a number of subcontractors to the EPC Contractor alleged non-payment by the EPC Contractor for amounts owed for work performed on Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, has taken actions to remove liens filed by these subcontractors through the posting of surety bonds. Related to such liens, certain subcontractors have filed, and additional subcontractors may file, lawsuits against the EPC Contractor and the Vogtle Owners to preserve their payment rights with respect to such claims. All amounts associated with the removal of subcontractor liens and other EPC Contractor pre-petition accounts payable have been paid or accrued as of March 31, 2018.
As construction continues, challenges with management of contractors, subcontractors, and vendors, labor productivity and availability, fabrication, delivery, assembly, and installation of plant systems, structures, and components (some of which are based on new technology and have not yet operated in service prior to 2021. The net present value of Georgia Power's PTCs isthe global nuclear industry at this scale), or other issues could arise and change the projected schedule and estimated at approximately $400 million per unit.cost.
There have been technical and procedural challenges to the construction and licensing of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 at the federal and state level and additional challenges may arise if construction proceeds.arise. Processes are in place that are designed to assure compliance with the requirements specified in the Westinghouse Design Control Document and the combined construction and operating licenses, including inspections by Southern Nuclear and the NRC that occur throughout construction. As a result of such compliance processes, certain license amendment requests have been filed and approved or are pending before the NRC. Various design and other licensing-based compliance matters, including the timely resolution of Inspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria and the related approvals by the NRC, may arise, if construction proceeds, which may result in additional license amendments or require other resolution. If any license amendment requests or other licensing-based compliance issues are not resolved in a timely manner, there may be delays in the project schedule that could result in increased costs.
If construction continues, the risk remains that challenges with labor productivity, fabrication, delivery, assembly, and installation of plant systems, structures, and components, or other issues could arise and may further impact project schedule and cost.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
See RISK FACTORS of Georgia Power in Item 1A of the Form 10-K for a discussion of certain risks associated with the licensing, construction, and operation of nuclear generating units, including potential impacts that could result from a major incident at a nuclear facility anywhere in the world.
DOE Financing
As of March 31, 2018, Georgia Power had borrowed $2.6 billion related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 costs through the Loan Guarantee Agreement and a multi-advance credit facility among Georgia Power, the DOE, and the FFB, which provides for borrowings of up to $3.46 billion, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. In September

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2017, the DOE issued a conditional commitment to Georgia Power for up to approximately $1.67 billion in additional guaranteed loans under the Loan Guarantee Agreement. This conditional commitment expires on June 30, 2018, subject to any further extension approved by the DOE. Final approval and issuance of these additional loan guarantees by the DOE cannot be assured and are subject to the negotiation of definitive agreements, completion of due diligence by the DOE, receipt of any necessary regulatory approvals, and satisfaction of other conditions. See additional risksNote 6 to the financial statements of Georgia Power under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" in Item 1A8 of the Form 10-K for additional information, including applicable covenants, events of default, mandatory prepayment events, and conditions to borrowing.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Income Tax Matters
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Credit Rating Risk," Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power," and Note (H) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding the EPC Contractor's bankruptcy.Tax Reform Legislation and related regulatory actions.
Other Matters
Georgia Power is involved in various other matters being litigated and regulatory matters that could affect future earnings. In addition, Georgia Power is subject to certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. Georgia Power's business activities are subject to extensive governmental regulation related to public health and the environment, such as regulation of air emissions and water discharges. Litigation over environmental issues and claims of various types, including property damage, personal injury, common law nuisance, and citizen enforcement of environmental requirements, such as standards for air, qualitywater, land, and water standards,protection of other natural resources, has occurred throughout the U.S. This litigation has included claims for damages alleged to have been caused by CO2 and other emissions, CCR, and alleged exposure to hazardous materials, and/or requests for injunctive relief in connection with such matters.
TheultimateoutcomeofsuchpendingorpotentiallitigationagainstGeorgia Power or regulatory matters cannotbepredictedatthistime;however,forcurrentproceedingsnotspecificallyreportedinNote(B)totheCondensedFinancialStatementsherein,management does not anticipate that the ultimate liabilities, if any, arising from such current proceedings would have a material effect on Georgia Power's financial statements. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for a discussion of various other contingencies, regulatory matters, and other matters being litigated which may affect future earnings potential.

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ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Georgia Power prepares its financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the financial statements of Georgia Power in Item 8 of the Form 10-K. In the application of these policies, certain estimates are made that may have a material impact on Georgia Power's results of operations and related disclosures. Different assumptions and measurements could produce estimates that are significantly different from those recorded in the financial statements. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a complete discussion of Georgia Power's critical accounting policies and estimates related to Utility Regulation, Asset Retirement Obligations, Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits, and Contingent Obligations.estimates.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In 2014, the FASB issued ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), replacing the existing accounting standard and industry specific guidance for revenue recognition with a five-step model for recognizing and measuring revenue from contracts with customers. The underlying principleSee MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the standard is to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at the amount expected to be collected. The new standard also requires enhanced disclosuresForm 10-K for additional information regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows arising from contracts with customers.
While Georgia Power expects most of its revenue to be included in the scope of ASC 606, it has not fully completed its evaluation of all revenue arrangements. The majority of Georgia Power's revenue, including energy provided to customers, is from tariff offerings that provide electricity without a defined contractual term, as well as longer-term contractual commitments, including PPAs. Georgia Power expects that the revenue from contracts with these customers will not result in a significant shift in the timing of revenue recognition for such sales.
Georgia Power's ongoing evaluation of other revenue streams and related contracts includes unregulated sales to customers. Some revenue arrangements are excluded from the scope of ASC 606 and, therefore, will be accounted for and disclosed or presented separately from revenues under ASC 606 on Georgia Power's financial statements, if material. In addition, the power and utilities industry continues to evaluate other specific industry issues, including the applicability of ASC 606 to contributions in aid of construction (CIAC). Although final implementation guidance has not been issued, Georgia Power expects CIAC to be out of the scope of ASC 606.
The new standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Georgia Power intends to use the modified retrospective method of adoption effective January 1, 2018. Georgia Power has also elected to utilize practical expedients which allow it to apply the standard to open contracts at the date of adoption and to reflect the aggregate effect of all modifications when identifying performance obligations and allocating the transaction price for contracts modified before the effective date. Under the modified retrospective method of adoption, prior year reported results are not restated; however, a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings at January 1, 2018 is recorded. In addition, disclosures will include comparative information on 2018 financial statement line items under current guidance. While the adoption of ASC 606, including the cumulative-effect adjustment, is not expected to have a material impact on either the timing or amount of revenues recognized in Georgia Power's financial statements, Georgia Power will continue to evaluate the requirements, as well as any additional clarifying guidance that may be issued.
On March 10, 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (ASU 2017-07). ASU 2017-07 requires that an employer report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs and requires the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs to be separately presented in the income statement outside income from operations. Additionally, only the service cost component is eligible for capitalization, when applicable. However, all cost components remain eligible for capitalization under FERC regulations. ASU 2017-07 will be applied retrospectively for the presentation of the

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service cost component and2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). See Note (A) to the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in the income statement. The capitalization of the service cost component of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in assets will be applied on a prospective basis. ASU 2017-07 is effectiveCondensed Financial Statements herein for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods. Georgia Power is currently evaluating the new standard. The presentation changes required for net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs will result in a decrease ininformation regarding Georgia Power's operating income and an increase in other income for 2016 and 2017 and are expected to result in a decrease in operating income and an increase in other income for 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-07 is not expected to have a material impact on Georgia Power's financial statements.recently adopted accounting standards.
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY
Overview
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Overview" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information. Georgia Power's financial condition remained stable at June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. Georgia Power intends to continue to monitor its access to short-term and long-term capital markets as well as bank credit agreements to meet future capital and liquidity needs. See "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations," "Sources of Capital," and "Financing Activities" herein for additional information.
Net cash provided from operating activities totaled $482$373 million for the first sixthree months of 20172018 compared to $1.17 billion$111 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The decreaseincrease was primarily due to increased fuel cost recovery and the timing of vendor paymentsfossil fuel stock purchases and an increase in under-recovered fuel costs.property tax payments. Net cash used for investing activities totaled $1.33 billion$668 million for the first sixthree months of 2017 compared to $1.17 billion for the corresponding period in 20162018 primarily related to installation of equipment to comply with environmental standards and construction of generation, transmission, and distribution facilities. Net cash provided from financing activities totaled $931$601 million for the first sixthree months of 2017 compared to $51 million in the corresponding period in 2016. The increase in cash provided from financing activities is2018 primarily due to an increase in short-term borrowings, higher issuances of senior notes, and higher capital contributions received from Southern Company, partially offset by payments of a decrease in borrowings from the FFB for construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3common stock dividend and 4.pollution control revenue bond repurchases. Cash flows from financing activities vary from period to period based on capital needs and the maturity or redemption of securities.
Significant balance sheet changes for the first sixthree months of 20172018 include an increase of $1.5 billion in paid-in capital primarily due to capital contributions received from Southern Company, an increase of $395 million in property, plant, and equipment of $857 million to comply with environmental standards and the construction of generation, transmission, and distribution facilities, an increaseand a decrease of $376 million in notes payable of $837 millionlong-term debt (including securities due within one year) primarily due to issuancesthe repurchase of short-term bank debt, an increase in paid-in capital of $389 million primarily due to capital contributions received from Southern Company, and an increase in long-term debt of $369 million primarily due to issuances of senior notes.pollution control revenue bonds.
Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a description of Georgia Power's capital requirements forand contractual obligations. Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Georgia Power redeemed all $250 million aggregate principal amount of its construction program, including estimated capital expenditures for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 and to comply with existing environmental statutes and regulations, scheduled maturities of long-term debt, as well as related interest, derivative obligations, preferred and preference stock dividends, leases, purchase commitments, and trust funding requirements. Approximately $261Series 2008B 5.40% Senior Notes due June 1, 2018. An additional $507 million will be required through June 30, 2018March 31, 2019 to fund maturities of long-term debt. See "Sources of Capital" herein for additional information. Also see FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail"Retail Regulatory MattersNuclear Construction"Construction" for additional information regarding Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4.
The construction program is subject to periodic review and revision, and actual construction costs may vary from these estimates because of numerous factors. These factors include: changes in business conditions; changes in load projections; changes in environmental statuteslaws and regulations; the outcome of any legal challenges to the

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environmental rules; changes in generating plants, including unit retirements and replacements and adding or changing fuel sources at existing generating units, to meet regulatory requirements; changes in FERC rules and regulations; Georgia PSC approvals; changes in the expected environmental compliance program; changes in legislation; the cost and efficiency of construction labor, equipment, and materials; project scope and design changes; storm impacts; and the cost of capital. In addition, there can be no assurance that costs related to capital expenditures will be fully recovered. The construction program also includes Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, which may be subject to revised cost estimates during construction. The ability to control costs and avoid cost overruns during the development, construction, and operation of new facilities is subject to a number of factors, including, but not limited to, changes in labor costs and productivity, adverse weather conditions, shortages and inconsistent quality of equipment, materials, and labor, contractor or supplier delay, non-performance under construction, operating, or other agreements, operational readiness, including specialized operator training and required site safety programs,

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unforeseen engineering or design problems, start-up activities (including major equipment failure and system integration), and/or operational performance. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Georgia Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Nuclear Construction" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersGeorgia PowerNuclear Construction" herein for information regarding additional factors that may impact construction expenditures, including Georgia Power's preliminary cost-to-complete and cancellation cost assessments for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4.expenditures.
Sources of Capital
Georgia Power plans to obtain the funds required for construction and other purposes from sources similar to those used in the past, which were primarily from operating cash flows, short-term debt, external security issuances, term loans,borrowings from financial institutions, equity contributions from Southern Company, and to the extent available, borrowings from the FFB. However, the amount, type, and timing of any future financings, if needed, will depend upon regulatory approval,approvals, prevailing market conditions, and other factors. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Sources of Capital" of Georgia Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
In 2014, Georgia Power has entered into a loan guarantee agreement (Loanthe Loan Guarantee Agreement)Agreement with the DOE, under which the proceeds of borrowings may be used to reimburse Georgia Power for Eligible Project Costs incurred in connection with its construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Under the Loan Guarantee Agreement, the DOE agreed to guarantee borrowings of up to $3.46 billion (not to exceed 70% of Eligible Project Costs) to be made by Georgia Power under a multi-advance credit facility (FFB Credit Facility) among Georgia Power, the DOE, and the FFB. Eligible Project Costs incurred through June 30, 2017 would allow for borrowingsAs of up to $3.1March 31, 2018, Georgia Power had borrowed $2.6 billion under the FFB Credit Facility, of which Georgia Power has borrowed $2.6 billion; however, onFacility. In July 27, 2017, Georgia Power entered into an amendment to the Loan Guarantee Agreement, (LGA Amendment) to clarifywhich provides that further advances are conditioned upon the operationDOE's approval of any agreements entered into in replacement of the Loan Guarantee Agreement pending Georgia Power's completion of its comprehensive schedule, cost-to-complete, and cancellation cost assessments (Cost Assessments) for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Under4 Agreement and satisfaction of certain other conditions.
In September 2017, the terms of the LGA Amendment,DOE issued a conditional commitment to Georgia Power will not request any advancesfor up to approximately $1.67 billion of additional guaranteed loans under the Loan Guarantee Agreement unlessAgreement. This conditional commitment expires on June 30, 2018, subject to any further extension approved by the DOE. Final approval and until such time as Georgia Power has completedissuance of these additional loan guarantees by the Cost AssessmentsDOE cannot be assured and made a determinationare subject to continue constructionthe negotiation of Plant Vogtle Units 3definitive agreements, completion of due diligence by the DOE, receipt of any necessary regulatory approvals, and 4 and satisfied certainsatisfaction of other conditions related to continuing construction.conditions. See Note 6 to the financial statements of Georgia Power under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (E) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" herein for additional information regarding the Loan Guarantee Agreement, including applicable covenants, events of default, mandatory prepayment events, and additional conditions to borrowing. Also see Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersGeorgia PowerNuclear Construction" herein for additional information regarding Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4.
At June 30, 2017, Georgia Power's current liabilities exceeded current assets by $1.42 billion. Georgia Power's current liabilities frequently exceed current assets because of scheduled maturities of long-term debt ($261 million at June 30, 2017) and the periodic use of short-term debt as a funding source, ($1.2 billion at June 30, 2017), as well as significant seasonal fluctuations in cash needs. Georgia Power intends to utilize operating cash flows, short-term debt, external security issuances, term loans,borrowings from financial institutions, equity contributions from Southern Company, and to the extent available, borrowings from the FFB to fund its short-term capital needs. Georgia Power has substantial cash flow from operating activities and access to the capital markets and financial institutions to meet liquidity needs.
At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Georgia Power had approximately $91 million$1.16 billion of cash and cash equivalents. Georgia Power's committed credit arrangement with banks at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 was $1.75 billion of which $1.73$1.74 billion was unused. In May 2017, Georgia Power amended its multi-yearThis credit arrangement which, among other things, extended the maturity date from 2020 toexpires in 2022.

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This bank credit arrangement as well as Georgia Power's term loan arrangements, contains a covenant that limits debt levels and contains a cross-acceleration provision to other indebtedness (including guarantee obligations) of Georgia Power. Such cross-acceleration provision to other indebtedness would trigger an event of default if Georgia Power defaulted on indebtedness, the payment of which was then accelerated. At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Georgia Power was in compliance with this covenant. This bank credit arrangement does not contain a material adverse change clause at the time of borrowing.

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Subject to applicable market conditions, Georgia Power expects to renew or replace this credit arrangement, as needed, prior to expiration. In connection therewith, Georgia Power may extend the maturity date and/or increase or decrease the lending commitments thereunder.
See Note 6 to the financial statements of Georgia Power under "Bank Credit Arrangements" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (E)(F) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Bank Credit Arrangements" herein for additional information.
A portion of the unused credit with banks is allocated to provide liquidity support to Georgia Power's pollution control revenue bonds and commercial paper program. The amount of variable rate pollution control revenue bonds outstanding requiring liquidity support as of June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 was approximately $550 million. In June 2017, Georgia Power remarketed $318 million of variable rate pollution control bonds in index rate modes, reducing the liquidity support utilized under Georgia Power's bank credit arrangement. In addition, at June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Georgia Power had $436$192 million of pollution control revenue bonds outstanding that were required to be reofferedremarketed within the next 12 months. Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Georgia Power purchased and held $55 million of pollution control revenue bonds outstanding that were required to be remarketed within the next 12 months.
Georgia Power may also meet short-term cash needs through a Southern Company subsidiary organized to issue and sell commercial paper at the request and for the benefit of Georgia Power and the other traditional electric operating companies. Proceeds from such issuances for the benefit of Georgia Power are loaned directly to Georgia Power. The obligations of each traditional electric operating company under these arrangements are several and there is no cross-affiliate credit support. Commercial paper isShort-term borrowings are included in notes payable in the balance sheets.
Details of short-term borrowings were as follows:
  
Short-term Debt at
June 30, 2017
 
Short-term Debt During the Period(*)
  
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Average
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Maximum
Amount
Outstanding
  (in millions)   (in millions)   (in millions)
Commercial paper $428
 1.5% $280
 1.4% $760
Short-term bank debt 800
 2.0% 227
 2.0% 800
Total $1,228
 1.8% $507
 1.6%  
  
Short-term Debt During the Period(*)
  
Average
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Maximum
Amount
Outstanding
  (in millions)   (in millions)
Short-term bank debt $50
 2.3% $150
(*)Average and maximum amounts are based upon daily balances during the three-month period ended June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. No short-term debt was outstanding at March 31, 2018.
Georgia Power believes the need for working capital can be adequately met by utilizing the commercial paper program, lines of credit, short-term bank notes, and operating cash flows.
Credit Rating Risk
At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Georgia Power did not have any credit arrangements that would require material changes in payment schedules or terminations as a result of a credit rating downgrade.
There are certain contracts that could require collateral, but not accelerated payment, in the event of a credit rating change to BBB- and/or Baa3 or below. These contracts are for physical electricity purchases and sales, fuel purchases, fuel transportation and storage, energy price risk management, and transmission, interest rate management, and at June 30, 2017, included contracts related to the construction of new generation at Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4.
The maximum potential collateral requirements under these contracts at March 31, 2018 were as follows:
Credit RatingsMaximum Potential
Collateral
Requirements
 (in millions)
At BBB- and/or Baa3$87
Below BBB- and/or Baa3$1,016

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The maximum potential collateral requirements under these contracts at June 30, 2017 were as follows:
Credit RatingsMaximum Potential
Collateral
Requirements
 (in millions)
At BBB- and/or Baa3$87
Below BBB- and/or Baa3$1,210
Included in these amounts are certain agreements that could require collateral in the event that Georgia Power or Alabama Power has a credit rating change to below investment grade. Generally, collateral may be provided by a Southern Company guaranty, letter of credit, or cash. Additionally, a credit rating downgrade could impact the ability of Georgia Power to access capital markets and would be likely to impact the cost at which it does so.
On March 20, 2017, Moody's revised itsFebruary 28, 2018, Fitch downgraded the senior unsecured long-term debt rating outlook forof Georgia Power to A from stable to negative.A+ with a negative outlook.
On March 24, 2017, S&P revised its consolidatedWhile it is unclear how the credit rating outlook foragencies and the FERC may respond to the Tax Reform Legislation, certain financial metrics, such as the funds from operations to debt percentage, used by the credit rating agencies to assess Southern Company and its subsidiaries, (includingincluding Georgia Power) from stablePower, may be negatively impacted. The Tax Reform Settlement Agreement approved by the Georgia PSC on April 3, 2018 is expected to negative.
On March 30, 2017, Fitch placedhelp mitigate these potential adverse impacts to certain credit metrics by allowing a higher retail equity ratio until Georgia Power's next base rate case. See Note 3 to the ratingsfinancial statements of Georgia Power on rating watch negative.under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Rate Plans" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Rate Plans" herein for additional information.
Financing Activities
In March 2017,January 2018, Georgia Power issued $450repaid its outstanding $150 million and $100 million floating rate bank loans due May 31, 2018 and October 26, 2018, respectively.
In March 2018, Georgia Power purchased and held $104.6 million aggregate principal amount of Development Authority of Burke County (Georgia) Pollution Control Revenue Bonds (Georgia Power Company Plant Vogtle Project), First Series 2017A 2.00% Senior Notes due March 30, 20202013 and $400$173 million aggregate principal amount of Development Authority of Bartow County (Georgia) Pollution Control Revenue Bonds (Georgia Power Company Plant Bowen Project), First Series 2017B 3.25% Senior Notes due2009. Georgia Power may reoffer these bonds to the public at a later date.
Subsequent to March 30, 2027. The proceeds were used to repay a portion of Georgia Power's short-term indebtedness and for general corporate purposes, including Georgia Power's continuous construction program.
In April 2017,31, 2018, Georgia Power purchased and held $27$55 million aggregate principal amount of Development Authority of Burke County (Georgia) Pollution Control Revenue Bonds (Georgia Power Company Plant Vogtle Project), Fifth Series 1995.1994. Georgia Power may reoffer these bonds to the public at a later date.
In June 2017,Also subsequent to March 31, 2018, Georgia Power repaid at maturity $450redeemed all $250 million aggregate principal amount of its Series 2007B 5.70%2008B 5.40% Senior Notes.
InNotes due June 2017, Georgia Power entered into three floating rate bank loans in aggregate principal amounts of $50 million, $150 million, and $100 million, which mature on December 1, 2017, May 31, 2018, and June 28, 2018, respectively, and bear interest based on one-month LIBOR. Also in June 2017, Georgia Power borrowed $500 million pursuant to an uncommitted bank credit arrangement, which bears interest at a rate agreed upon by Georgia Power and the bank from time to time and is payable on no less than 30 days' demand by the bank. The proceeds from these bank loans were used to repay a portion of Georgia Power's existing indebtedness and for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including Georgia Power's continuous construction program.2018.
In addition to any financings that may be necessary to meet capital requirements and contractual obligations, Georgia Power plans to continue, when economically feasible, a program to retire higher-cost securities and replace these obligations with lower-cost capital if market conditions permit.

GULF POWER COMPANY

GULF POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017
2016 2017 20162018 2017
(in millions) (in millions)(in millions)
Operating Revenues:          
Retail revenues$318
 $319
 $596
 $602
$290
 $279
Wholesale revenues, non-affiliates12
 15
 30
 31
13
 17
Wholesale revenues, affiliates10
 15
 47
 36
28
 37
Other revenues17
 16
 34
 31
17
 17
Total operating revenues357
 365
 707
 700
348
 350
Operating Expenses:          
Fuel88
 107
 196
 201
82
 108
Purchased power, non-affiliates35
 32
 67
 62
Purchased power, affiliates9
 4
 11
 5
Purchased power46
 34
Other operations and maintenance87
 77
 171
 155
76
 86
Depreciation and amortization35
 42
 53
 80
47
 18
Taxes other than income taxes28
 29
 55
 58
30
 27
Loss on Plant Scherer Unit 3
 
 33
 

 33
Total operating expenses282
 291
 586
 561
281
 306
Operating Income75
 74
 121
 139
67
 44
Other Income and (Expense):          
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(13) (12) (24) (25)(13) (12)
Other income (expense), net(1) (1) (2) (2)1
 2
Total other income and (expense)(14) (13) (26) (27)(12) (10)
Earnings Before Income Taxes61
 61
 95
 112
55
 34
Income taxes24
 24
 38
 44
13
 14
Net Income37
 37
 57
 68
42
 20
Dividends on Preference Stock2
 3
 4
 5

 2
Net Income After Dividends on Preference Stock$35
 $34
 $53
 $63
$42
 $18
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017
(in millions) (in millions)(in millions)
Net Income$37
 $37
 $57
 $68
$42
 $20
Other comprehensive income (loss):          
Qualifying hedges:          
Changes in fair value, net of tax of
$-, $(1), $(1), and $(3), respectively
(1) (1) (1) (4)
Changes in fair value, net of tax of $- and $-, respectively
 (1)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)(1) (1) (1) (4)
 (1)
Comprehensive Income$36
 $36
 $56
 $64
$42
 $19
The accompanying notes as they relate to Gulf Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

GULF POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 20162018 2017
(in millions)(in millions)
Operating Activities:      
Net income$57
 $68
$42
 $20
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operating activities —      
Depreciation and amortization, total56
 83
49
 20
Deferred income taxes19
 16
Loss on Plant Scherer Unit 333
 

 33
Other, net(4) (3)1
 3
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities —      
-Receivables(25) (6)46
 (1)
-Fossil fuel stock4
 34
(14) 12
-Other current assets10
 1
5
 6
-Accounts payable(28) (8)
-Accrued taxes7
 17
12
 (4)
-Accrued compensation(17) (12)(21) (23)
-Over recovered regulatory clause revenues(19) 5
(1) (18)
-Other current liabilities3
 (7)13
 10
Net cash provided from operating activities124
 196
104
 50
Investing Activities:      
Property additions(97) (68)(70) (46)
Cost of removal, net of salvage(9) (4)(11) (2)
Change in construction payables(14) (7)12
 (7)
Other investing activities(3) (5)(2) (2)
Net cash used for investing activities(123) (84)(71) (57)
Financing Activities:      
Increase (decrease) in notes payable, net(190) 46
16
 (168)
Proceeds —      
Common stock issued to parent175
 

 175
Capital contributions from parent company5
 5
2
 4
Senior notes300
 
Redemptions —   
Preference stock(150) 
Senior notes(85) (125)
Payment of common stock dividends(63) (60)(39) (31)
Other financing activities(4) (6)(1) 3
Net cash used for financing activities(12) (140)(22) (17)
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents(11) (28)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period56
 74
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period$45
 $46
Net Change in Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash11
 (24)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at Beginning of Period28
 56
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at End of Period$39
 $32
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:      
Cash paid (received) during the period for —   
Interest (net of $- and $- capitalized for 2017 and 2016, respectively)$22
 $28
Income taxes, net7
 (3)
Cash paid during the period for —   
Interest (net of $- and $- capitalized for 2018 and 2017, respectively)$1
 $2
Noncash transactions — Accrued property additions at end of period19
 13
38
 26
The accompanying notes as they relate to Gulf Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

GULF POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
 
Assets At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Current Assets:        
Cash and cash equivalents $45
 $56
 $39
 $28
Receivables —        
Customer accounts receivable 77
 72
 72
 76
Unbilled revenues 70
 55
 53
 67
Under recovered regulatory clause revenues 26
 17
 10
 27
Affiliated 6
 14
Other accounts and notes receivable 11
 6
 5
 7
Affiliated 8
 17
Accumulated provision for uncollectible accounts (1) (1) (1) (1)
Fossil fuel stock 67
 71
 77
 63
Materials and supplies 57
 55
 59
 57
Other regulatory assets, current 55
 44
 53
 56
Other current assets 17
 30
 12
 21
Total current assets 432
 422
 385
 415
Property, Plant, and Equipment:        
In service 5,156
 5,140
 5,227
 5,196
Less: Accumulated provision for depreciation 1,427
 1,382
 1,494
 1,461
Plant in service, net of depreciation 3,729
 3,758
 3,733
 3,735
Construction work in progress 59
 51
 123
 91
Total property, plant, and equipment 3,788
 3,809
 3,856
 3,826
Deferred Charges and Other Assets:        
Deferred charges related to income taxes 57
 58
 30
 31
Other regulatory assets, deferred 510
 512
 493
 502
Other deferred charges and assets 22
 21
 26
 23
Total deferred charges and other assets 589
 591
 549
 556
Total Assets $4,809
 $4,822
 $4,790
 $4,797
The accompanying notes as they relate to Gulf Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.


GULF POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
 
Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Current Liabilities:        
Securities due within one year $27
 $87
Notes payable 78
 268
 $61
 $45
Accounts payable —        
Affiliated 52
 59
 45
 52
Other 46
 54
 66
 75
Customer deposits 35
 35
 35
 35
Accrued taxes 27
 20
 22
 10
Accrued interest 9
 8
 20
 9
Accrued compensation 23
 40
 17
 39
Deferred capacity expense, current 22
 22
 22
 22
Asset retirement obligations, current 39
 37
Other regulatory liabilities, current 
 16
 72
 
Other current liabilities 43
 40
 26
 27
Total current liabilities 362
 649
 425
 351
Long-term Debt 1,265
 987
 1,285
 1,285
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:        
Accumulated deferred income taxes 966
 948
 536
 537
Deferred credits related to income taxes 386
 458
Employee benefit obligations 92
 96
 100
 102
Deferred capacity expense 108
 119
 92
 97
Asset retirement obligations, deferred 125
 120
 105
 105
Other cost of removal obligations 218
 249
 215
 221
Other regulatory liabilities, deferred 46
 47
 42
 43
Other deferred credits and liabilities 74
 71
 68
 67
Total deferred credits and other liabilities 1,629
 1,650
 1,544
 1,630
Total Liabilities 3,256
 3,286
 3,254
 3,266
Preference Stock 
 147
Common Stockholder's Equity:        
Common stock, without par value —        
Authorized — 20,000,000 shares        
Outstanding — June 30, 2017: 7,392,717 shares    
— December 31, 2016: 5,642,717 shares 678
 503
Outstanding — 7,392,717 shares 678
 678
Paid-in capital 596
 589
 597
 594
Retained earnings 280
 296
 262
 259
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (1) 1
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (1) 
Total common stockholder's equity 1,553
 1,389
 1,536
 1,531
Total Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity $4,809
 $4,822
 $4,790
 $4,797
The accompanying notes as they relate to Gulf Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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SECONDFIRST QUARTER 20172018 vs. SECONDFIRST QUARTER 2016
AND
YEAR-TO-DATE 2017 vs. YEAR-TO-DATE 2016


OVERVIEW
Gulf Power operates as a vertically integrated utility providing electric service to retail customers within its traditional service territory located in northwest Florida and to wholesale customers in the Southeast.
Many factors affect the opportunities, challenges, and risks of Gulf Power's business of providing electric service. These factors include the ability to maintain a constructive regulatory environment, to maintain and grow energy sales and customers, and to effectively manage and secure timely recovery of costs. These costs include those related to projected long-term demand growth, stringent environmental standards, reliability, restoration following major storms, fuel, and capital expenditures. Gulf Power has various regulatory mechanisms that operate to address cost recovery. Effectively operating pursuant to these regulatory mechanisms and appropriately balancing required costs and capital expenditures with customer prices will continue to challenge Gulf Power for the foreseeable future.
OnAs a continuation of a settlement agreement approved by the Florida PSC in April 4, 2017 (2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement), on March 26, 2018, the Florida PSC approved a stipulation and settlement agreement (2017 Rate Case Settlement Agreement) among Gulf Power and three intervenors with respectaddressing the retail revenue requirement effects of the Tax Reform Legislation (Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement).
The Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement results in annual reductions to Gulf Power's requestrevenues of $18.2 million from base rates and $15.6 million from environmental cost recovery rates, implemented April 1, 2018, and also provides for a one-time refund of $69.4 million for the retail portion of unprotected (not subject to increase retail base rates. Undernormalization) deferred tax liabilities through Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery rate over the termsremainder of 2018. As a result of the 2017 Rate CaseGulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, Gulf Power increased rates effective with the first billing cycle in July 2017 to provideFlorida PSC also approved an annual overall net customer impact of approximately $54.3 million. The net customer impact consists of a $62.0 million increase in annual base revenues less an annual equivalent credit of approximately $7.7 million for 2017 for certain wholesale revenues to be provided through December 2019 through the purchased power capacity cost recovery clause. In addition, Gulf Power continued its authorized retail ROE midpoint (10.25%) and range (9.25% to 11.25%), is deemed to have anPower's maximum equity ratio offrom 52.5% to 53.5% for all retail regulatory purposes, and implemented new dismantlement accruals effective July 1, 2017.purposes.
As part of the Gulf Power will also begin amortizing the regulatory asset associated with the investment balances remaining after the retirement of Plant Smith Units 1 and 2 (357 MWs) over 15 years effective January 1, 2018 and will implement new depreciation rates effective January 1, 2018. The 2017 Rate CaseTax Reform Settlement Agreement, also resulteda limited scope proceeding to address protected deferred tax liabilities consistent with IRS normalization principles was initiated on April 30, 2018. Pending resolution of this proceeding, Gulf Power is deferring the related amounts for 2018 as a regulatory liability. Unless otherwise agreed to by the parties to the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, amounts recorded in a $32.5 million write-downthis regulatory liability will be refunded to retail customers in 2019 through Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery rates. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power's ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3 (205 MWs), which was recordedPower under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Retail Base Rate Cases" in the first quarter 2017. The remaining issues related to the inclusion of Gulf Power's investment in Plant Scherer Unit 3 in retail rates have been resolved as a resultItem 8 of the 2017 Rate Case Settlement Agreement, including recoverability of certain costs associated with the ongoing ownership and operation of the unit through the environmental cost recovery clause rate approved by the Florida PSC in November 2016.Form 10-K for additional information.
Gulf Power continues to focus on several key performance indicators including, but not limited to, customer satisfaction, plant availability, system reliability, and net income after dividends on preference stock.income.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Income
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$1 2.9 $(10) (15.9)
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$24 133.3
Gulf Power's net income after dividends on preference stock for the secondfirst quarter 20172018 was $35$42 million compared to $34$18 million for the corresponding period in 2016. Gulf Power's net income after dividends on preference stock for year-to-date 2017 was $53 million compared to $63 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The decrease for year-to-date 2017increase was primarily due to athe first quarter 2017 write-down of $32.5 million ($20 million after tax) of Gulf Power's ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3 resulting fromin accordance with the 2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement, an increase in retail revenues, and higherlower operations and maintenance expenses, partially offset by lower depreciation and higher wholesale revenue. See Note (B) to thean increase in depreciation.

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Condensed Financial StatementsSee Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under ""Retail Regulatory MattersGulf PowerRetail Base Rate Cases" hereinCases" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the 2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement.
Retail Revenues
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$(1) (0.3) $(6) (1.0)
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$11 3.9
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, retail revenues were $318$290 million compared to $319$279 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, retail revenues were $596 million compared to $602 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017.
Details of the changes in retail revenues were as follows:
Second Quarter 2017 Year-to-Date 2017First Quarter 2018
(in millions) (% change) (in millions) (% change)(in millions) (% change)
Retail – prior year$319
   $602
  $279
  
Estimated change resulting from –          
Rates and pricing5
 1.6
 7
 1.2
5
 1.8
Sales decline(1) (0.3) (3) (0.5)
Sales growth1
 0.4
Weather
 
 (6) (1.0)9
 3.1
Fuel and other cost recovery(5) (1.6) (4) (0.7)(4) (1.4)
Retail – current year$318
 (0.3)% $596
 (1.0)%$290
 3.9 %
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters" of Gulf Power in Item 7 and Note 1 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Revenues" and Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Gulf Power's retail base rate case and cost recovery clauses, including Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery, purchased power capacity recovery, environmental cost recovery, and energy conservation cost recovery clauses.
Revenues associated with changes in rates and pricing increased in the secondfirst quarter and year-to-date 20172018 when compared to the corresponding periodsperiod in 20162017 primarily due to an increase in retail base rates effective July 2017 in accordance with the 2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement, partially offset by a reduction in revenues as well as an increase in environmental cost recovery effective November 2016 resulting fromJanuary 1, 2018 due to the Gulf Power's ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3 being rededicated to retail service.Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement.
Revenues attributable to changes in sales decreasedincreased slightly in the secondfirst quarter and year-to-date 20172018 when compared to the corresponding periodsperiod in 2016.2017. For the first quarter 2018, weather-adjusted KWH sales to residential customers increased 2.3% due to customer growth. Weather-adjusted KWH sales to residential and commercial customers decreased 1.2% and 1.3%, respectively, for the second quarter 2017 and 1.3% and 1.0%, respectively, for year-to-date 20170.2% due to lower customer usage primarily resulting from energy efficiency improvements in appliances and lighting, partiallysubstantially offset by customer growth. KWH sales to industrial customers decreased 2.7% and 5.6%increased 3.9% for the secondfirst quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively,2018 primarily due to changes in customers' operations. The year-to-date 2017 decrease also reflects increased customer co-generation.
Fuel and other cost recovery revenues decreased in the secondfirst quarter and year-to-date 20172018 when compared to the corresponding periodsperiod in 2016,2017, primarily due to lower fuel, purchased power capacity, and energy conservation recoverable costs partially offset by higher environmental recoverable costs.under Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery clause. Fuel and other cost recovery provisions include fuel expenses, the energy component of purchased power costs, purchased power capacity costs, and the difference between projected and actual costs and revenues related to energy conservation and environmental compliance. compliance, and a credit for certain wholesale revenues as a result of the 2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Cost Recovery ClausesClauses" and " – Retail Fuel Cost Recovery"Base Rate Cases" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.information regarding cost recovery

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clauses and the 2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement, respectively. Also see FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters – Retail Base Rate Case" herein for additional information regarding the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement.
Wholesale Revenues – Non-Affiliates
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(4) (23.5)
Wholesale revenues from sales to non-affiliates consist of long-term sales agreements to other utilities in Florida and Georgia and short-term opportunity sales. Capacity revenues from long-term sales agreements represent the greatest contribution to net income. The energy is generally sold at variable cost. Short-term opportunity sales are made at market-based rates that generally provide a margin above Gulf Power's variable cost of energy. Wholesale energy revenues from sales to non-affiliates will vary depending on fuel prices, the market prices of wholesale energy compared to the cost of Gulf Power's and the Southern Company system's generation, demand for energy within the Southern Company system's electric service territory, and the availability of the Southern Company system's generation.
In the first quarter 2018, wholesale revenues from sales to non-affiliates were $13 million compared to $17 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The decrease was primarily due to a 44.7% decrease in KWH sales primarily resulting from lower opportunity sales due to planned outages at Gulf Power generating units.
Wholesale Revenues – Affiliates
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change) (% change)
$(5)(9) (33.3) $11 30.6 (24.3)
Wholesale revenues from sales to affiliated companies will vary depending on demand and the availability and cost of generating resources at each company. These affiliate sales are made in accordance with the IIC, as approved by the FERC. These transactions do not have a significant impact on earnings since the revenue related to these energy sales generally offsets the cost of energy sold.
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, wholesale revenues from sales to affiliates were $10$28 million compared to $15$37 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The decrease was primarily due to a 40.6%53.0% decrease in KWH sales primarily resulting from lower availability due to decreased generation asplanned outages at Gulf Power generating units. Partially offsetting this decrease was a result of milder weather reducing Southern Company system loads.
For year-to-date 2017, wholesale revenues from sales to affiliates were $47 million compared to $36 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to a 17.2% increase in KWH sales as a result of supporting Southern Company system transmission reliability and a 10.0%63.6% increase in the price of energy sold due to higher natural gas prices.dispatching higher-priced generating resources driven by the cold weather in January 2018.
Fuel and Purchased Power Expenses
Second Quarter 2017
vs.
Second Quarter 2016
 Year-to-Date 2017
vs.
Year-to-Date 2016
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)(change in millions) (% change)
Fuel$(19) (17.8) $(5) (2.5)$(26) (24.1)
Purchased power – non-affiliates3
 9.4
 5
 8.1
Purchased power – affiliates5
 125.0
 6
 120.0
Purchased power12
 35.3
Total fuel and purchased power expenses$(11)   $6
  $(14)  
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, total fuel and purchased power expenses were $132$128 million compared to $143$142 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The decrease was primarily the result of a $21 million net decrease related to the volume of KWHs generated and purchased due to milder weather in 2017 reducing demand, partially offset by an $11 million net increase due to the higher average cost of fuel associated with purchased power.
For year-to-date 2017, total fuel and purchased power expenses were $274 million compared to $268 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily the result of a $16 million net increase related to the higher average cost of fuel and purchased power resulting from higher natural gas prices, partially offset by a $10 million net decrease related to the volume of KWHs generated and purchased dueand a $4 million decrease related to milder weather in 2017 reducing demand.the lower average cost of fuel and purchased power.

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Fuel and purchased power transactions do not have a significant impact on earnings since energy and capacity expenses are generally offset by energy and capacity revenues through Gulf Power's fuel and purchased power capacity cost recovery clauses and long-term wholesale contracts. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Cost Recovery Clauses – Retail Fuel Cost Recovery" and " – Purchased Power Capacity Recovery" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.

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Details of Gulf Power's generation and purchased power were as follows:
Second Quarter 2017 Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 Year-to-Date 2016First Quarter 2018 First Quarter 2017
Total generation (in millions of KWHs)
1,898 2,064 4,220 3,8801,775 2,322
Total purchased power (in millions of KWHs)
1,218 1,629 2,676 3,3891,622 1,459
Sources of generation (percent)
  
Coal50 54 52 4837 53
Gas50 46 48 5263 47
Cost of fuel, generated (in cents per net KWH)
  
Coal3.17 4.14 3.23 4.053.14 3.27
Gas3.88 4.11 3.54 3.922.97 3.24
Average cost of fuel, generated (in cents per net KWH)
3.53 4.12 3.38 3.983.03 3.26
Average cost of purchased power (in cents per net KWH)(*)
5.37 3.50 4.93 3.354.56 4.57
(*)Average cost of purchased power includes fuel purchased by Gulf Power for tolling agreements where power is generated by the provider.
Fuel
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, fuel expense was $88$82 million compared to $107$108 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The decrease was primarily due to a 14.3% decrease in the average cost of fuel resulting from lower coal and natural gas prices and a 15.3%46.5% decrease in the volume of KWHs generated by Gulf Power's coal-fired generation resources due to milder weather reducing demand.planned outages in the first quarter 2018.
For year-to-date 2017, fuelPurchased Power
In the first quarter 2018, purchased power expense was $196$46 million compared to $201$34 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The decrease was primarily due to a 15.1% decrease in the average cost of fuel resulting from lower coal and natural gas prices, partially offset by an 8.8% increase in the volume of KWHs generated by Gulf Power's coal-fired and gas-fired generation resources due to Southern Company system reliability requirements.
Purchased Power – Non-Affiliates
In the second quarter 2017, purchased power expense from non-affiliates was $35 million compared to $32 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily due to a 68.7%an increase in the average cost per KWH purchased primarily resulting from higher natural gas prices, partially offset by a 37.9% decreaseof 11.2% in the volume of KWHs purchased dueas a result of higher purchases from affiliates to a planned outage of an external generation resource under a PPA.
For year-to-date 2017, purchased power expense from non-affiliates was $67 million compared to $62 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to a 50.0% increase in the average cost per KWH purchased primarily resulting fromserve higher natural gas prices, partially offset by a 25.6% decrease in the volume of KWHs purchased due to a planned outage of an external generation resource under a PPA.territorial load.
Energy purchases from non-affiliates and affiliates will vary depending on the market prices of wholesale energy as compared to the cost of the Southern Company system's generation, demand for energy within the Southern Company system's electric service territory, and the availability of the Southern Company system's generation.
Purchased Power – Affiliates
In the second quarter 2017, purchased power expense from affiliates was $9 million compared to $4 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to a 66.1% increase in the volume of KWHs purchased due to availability of power pool resources at lower cost compared to Gulf Power generation.
For year-to-date 2017, purchased power expense from affiliates was $11 million compared to $5 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to a 22.9% increase in the volume of KWHs

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purchased due to availability of power pool resources at lower cost compared to Gulf Power generation and a 67.1% increase in the average cost per KWH purchased primarily resulting from increased natural gas prices.
Energy purchases from affiliates will vary depending on demand for energy and the availability and cost of generating resources at each company within the Southern Company system. These Affiliate purchases are made in accordance with the IIC or other contractual agreements, as approved by the FERC.
Other Operations and Maintenance Expenses
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$10 13.0 $16 10.3
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(10) (11.6)
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, other operations and maintenance expenses were $87$76 million compared to $77$86 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, other operations2017. The decrease was primarily due to decreases of $3 million in environmental compliance expenses at generating facilities, $2 million in energy services expenses, and $2 million in routine and planned maintenance expenses at distribution facilities.
Expenses from energy services did not have a significant impact on earnings since they were $171generally offset by associated revenues. Environmental compliance expenses did not have a significant impact on earnings since they were offset by environmental revenues through Gulf Power's environmental cost recovery clause. See Note 3 to the

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financial statements of Gulf Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Cost Recovery Clauses – Environmental Cost Recovery" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Depreciation and Amortization
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$29 161.1
In the first quarter 2018, depreciation and amortization was $47 million compared to $155$18 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increases wereincrease was primarily due to higher expenses at generation facilities associated with routine and planned maintenance.
Depreciation and Amortization
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$(7) (16.7) $(27) (33.8)
In$25.5 million in depreciation credits recorded in the secondfirst quarter 2017 depreciation and amortization was $35 million compared to $42 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, depreciation and amortization was $53 million compared to $80 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The decreases were primarily due to $8 million and $28 million more of a reduction in depreciation, as authorized in a settlement agreement approved by the Florida PSC in 2013 (2013 Rate Case Settlement Agreement), in the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively, compared to the corresponding periods in 2016.2013. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Retail Base Rate Case"Cases" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K andfor additional information.
Loss on Plant Scherer Unit 3
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions)(% change)
$(33)N/M
N/M - Not meaningful
In the first quarter 2017, Gulf Power recorded a $32.5 million write-down related to its ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3 in accordance with the 2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement. See Note (B)3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Retail Base Rate Cases" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Income Taxes
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(1) (7.1)
In the first quarter 2018, income taxes were $13 million compared to $14 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The decrease was primarily due to the lower corporate income tax rate resulting from the Tax Reform Legislation substantially offset by the increase in pre-tax net income related to the first quarter 2017 write-down associated with Plant Scherer Unit 3. See Note (H) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersGulf PowerRetail Base Rate Cases""Effective Tax Rate" herein for additional information. Also see Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Retail Base Rate Cases" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for more information regarding the 2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement.
FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL
The results of operations discussed above are not necessarily indicative of Gulf Power's future earnings potential. The level of Gulf Power's future earnings depends on numerous factors that affect the opportunities, challenges, and risks of Gulf Power's business of providing electric service. These factors include Gulf Power's ability to maintain a constructive regulatory environment that continues to allow for the timely recovery of prudently-incurred costs during a time of increasing costs and limited projected demand growth over the next several years. Future earnings will be driven primarily by customer growth. Earnings will also depend upon maintaining and growing sales, considering, among other things, the adoption and/or penetration rates of increasingly energy-efficient technologies due to changes in the minimum allowable equipment efficiencies along with the continuation of changes in customer behavior.behavior, both of which could contribute to a net reduction in customer usage. Earnings are subject to a variety of other factors. These factors include weather, competition, energy conservation practiced by customers, the

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use of alternative energy sources by customers, the price of electricity, the price elasticity of demand, and the rate of economic growth or decline in Gulf Power's service territory. Demand for electricity is primarily driven by economic growth. Thethe pace of economic growth and electricity demandthat may be affected by changes in regional and global economic conditions, which may impact future earnings. Current proposals related to potential federal tax reform legislation are primarily focused on reducing the corporate income tax rate, allowing 100% of capital expenditures to be deducted, and eliminating the interest deduction. The ultimate impact of any tax reform proposals is dependent on the final form of any legislation enacted and the related transition rules and cannot be determined at this time, but could have a material impact on Gulf Power's financial statements. For additional information relating to these issues, see RISK FACTORS in Item

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1A and MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL of Gulf Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K.
Environmental Matters
ComplianceGulf Power's operations are regulated by state and federal environmental agencies through a variety of laws and regulations governing air, water, land, and protection of other natural resources. Gulf Power maintains comprehensive environmental compliance and greenhouse gas (GHG) strategies to assess upcoming requirements and compliance costs relatedassociated with these environmental laws and regulations. The costs, including capital expenditures and operations and maintenance costs, required to federal and statecomply with environmental statuteslaws and regulations and to achieve stated goals may impact future unit retirement and replacement decisions, results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Related costs may result from the installation of additional environmental controls, closure and monitoring of CCR facilities, unit retirements, and adding or changing fuel sources for certain existing units, as well as related upgrades to the transmission system. A major portion of these costs are expected to be recovered through existing ratemaking provisions. The ultimate impact of environmental laws and regulations and the GHG goals discussed below will depend on various factors, such as state adoption and implementation of requirements, the availability and cost of any deployed control technology, and the outcome of pending and/or future legal challenges.
New or revised environmental laws and regulations could affect many areas of Gulf Power's operations. The impact of any such changes cannot be determined at this time. Environmental compliance costs could affect earnings if such costs cannot continue to be fully recovered in retail rates or through long-term wholesale agreements on a timely basis or through market-based contracts.long-term wholesale agreements. The State of Florida has statutory provisions that allow a utility to petition the Florida PSC for recovery of prudent environmental compliance costs that are not being recovered through base rates or any other recovery mechanism. Gulf Power's current long-term wholesale agreements contain provisions that permit charging the customer with costs incurred as a result of changes in environmental laws and regulations. The full impact of any such legislative or regulatory changes cannot be determined at this time. Environmental compliance spending over the next several years may differ materially from the amounts estimated. The timing, specific requirements, and estimated costs could change as environmental statutes and regulations are adopted or modified, as compliance plans are revised or updated, and as legal challenges to rules are completed. Further, higherincreased costs that are recovered through regulated rates or long-term wholesale agreements could contribute to reduced demand for electricity, as well as impact the cost competitiveness of wholesale capacity, which could negatively affect results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Additionally, many commercial and industrial customers may also be affected by existing and future environmental requirements, which for some may have the potential to ultimately affect their demand for electricity. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Environmental Matters," "Retail Regulatory Matters – Cost Recovery Clauses – Environmental Cost Recovery," and "Other Matters" of Gulf Power in Item 7 and Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Environmental Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.information, including a discussion on the State of Florida's statutory provisions on environmental cost recovery.
Environmental StatutesLaws and Regulations
Water QualityCoal Combustion Residuals
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters Environmental StatutesLaws and Regulations Water Quality" Coal Combustion Residuals" of Gulf Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the Disposal of Coal Combustion Residuals from Electric Utilities rule (CCR Rule).
Consistent with the EPA's announced plans to reconsider certain portions of the CCR Rule, on March 15, 2018, the EPA published the first of two proposed coal ash rules it plans to finalize by no later than December 2019. The impact of any changes to the CCR Rule will depend on the content of the final effluent guidelines rule and the final rule revising the regulatory definition of waters of the U.S. for all Clean Water Act (CWA) programs.
On April 25, 2017, the EPA published a notice announcing it would reconsider the effluent guidelines rule, which had been finalized in November 2015. On June 6, 2017, the EPA proposed a rule establishing a stay of the compliance deadlines for certain effluent limitations and pretreatment standards under the rule.
On June 27, 2017, the EPA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers proposed to rescind the final rule that revised the regulatory definition of waters of the U.S. for all CWA programs. The final rule has been stayed since October 2015 by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Global Climate Issues
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters Global Climate Issues" of Gulf Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
On March 28, 2017, the U.S. President signed an executive order directing agencies to review actions that potentially burden the development or use of domestically produced energy resources. The executive order specifically directs the EPA to review the Clean Power Planany legal challenges and final greenhouse gas emission standards for new, modified, and reconstructed electric generating units and, if appropriate, take action to suspend, revise, or rescind those rules.
On June 1, 2017, the U.S. President announced that the United States will withdraw from the non-binding Paris Agreement and begin renegotiation of its terms.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.

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FERC MattersGlobal Climate Issues
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "FERC Matters" "Environmental Matters – Global Climate Issues" of Gulf Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's market power proceeding and amendment to their market-rate tariff.information.
On May 17,Through 2017, the FERC acceptedSouthern Company system has achieved an estimated GHG emission reduction of 36% since 2007. In April 2018, Southern Company established an intermediate goal of a 50% reduction in carbon emissions from 2007 levels by 2030 and a long-term goal of low- to no-carbon operations by 2050. To achieve these goals, the traditional electric operating companies' (including Gulf Power's)Southern Company system expects to continue growing its renewable energy portfolio, optimize technology advancements to modernize its transmission and distribution systems, increase the use of natural gas for generation, invest in energy efficiency, and continue research and development efforts focused on technologies to lower GHG emissions. The Southern Power's compliance filing acceptingCompany system's ability to achieve these goals also will be dependent on many external factors, including supportive national energy policies, low natural gas prices, and the termsdevelopment, deployment, and advancement of the FERC's February 2, 2017 order regarding an amendment by the traditional electric operating companies (including Gulf Power) and Southern Power to their market-based rate tariff. While the FERC's order references the traditional electric operating companies' (including Gulf Power's) and Southern Power's market power proceeding, it remains a separate, ongoing matter.relevant energy technologies. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Retail Regulatory Matters
Gulf Power's rates and charges for service to retail customers are subject to the regulatory oversight of the Florida PSC. Gulf Power's rates are a combination of base rates and several separate cost recovery clauses for specific categories of costs. These separate cost recovery clauses address such items as fuel and purchased energy costs, purchased power capacity costs, energy conservation and demand side management programs, and the costs of compliance with environmental laws and regulations. Costs not addressed through one of the specific cost recovery clauses are recovered through base rates. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information. The recovery balance of each regulatory clause for Gulf Power is reported in Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein.
Retail Base Rate CasesCase
The 2013As a continuation of the 2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement, authorized Gulf Power to reduce depreciation and record a regulatory asset up to $62.5 million from January 2014 through June 2017. In any given month, such depreciation reduction could not exceed the amount necessary for the retail ROE, as reported to the Florida PSC monthly, to reach the midpoint of the authorized retail ROE range then in effect. For 2014 and 2015, Gulf Power recognized reductions in depreciation of $8.4 million and $20.1 million, respectively. No net reduction in depreciation was recorded in 2016. In the first six months of 2017, Gulf Power recognized the remaining allowable reductions in depreciation totaling $34.0 million.
On April 4, 2017,on March 26, 2018, the Florida PSC approved the 2017 Rate CaseGulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, a stipulation and settlement agreement among Gulf Power and three intervenors, with respectaddressing the retail revenue requirement effects of the Tax Reform Legislation.
The Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement results in annual reductions to Gulf Power's requestrevenues of $18.2 million from base rates and $15.6 million from environmental cost recovery rates, implemented April 1, 2018, and also provides for a one-time refund of $69.4 million for the retail portion of unprotected (not subject to increase retail base rates. Undernormalization) deferred tax liabilities through Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery rate over the termsremainder of 2018. As a result of the 2017 Rate CaseGulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, Gulf Power increased rates effective with the first billing cycle in July 2017 to provideFlorida PSC also approved an annual overall net customer impact of approximately $54.3 million. The net customer impact consists of a $62.0 million increase in annual base revenues less an annual equivalent credit of approximately $7.7 million for 2017 for certain wholesale revenues to be provided through December 2019 through the purchased power capacity cost recovery clause. In addition, Gulf Power continued its authorized retail ROE midpoint (10.25%) and range (9.25% to 11.25%), is deemed to have anPower's maximum equity ratio offrom 52.5% to 53.5% for all retail regulatory purposes, and implemented new dismantlement accruals effective July 1, 2017.purposes.
As part of the Gulf Power will also begin amortizing the regulatory asset associated with the investment balances remaining after the retirement of Plant Smith Units 1 and 2 over 15 years effective January 1, 2018 and will implement new depreciation rates effective January 1, 2018. The 2017 Rate CaseTax Reform Settlement Agreement, also resulteda limited scope proceeding to address protected deferred tax liabilities consistent with IRS normalization principles was initiated on April 30, 2018. Pending resolution of this proceeding, Gulf Power is deferring the related amounts for 2018 as a regulatory liability. Unless otherwise agreed to by the parties to the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, amounts recorded in a $32.5 million write-down ofthis regulatory liability will be refunded to retail customers in 2019 through Gulf Power's ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3, which was recorded in the first quarter 2017. The remaining issues related to the inclusion of Gulf Power's investment in Plant Scherer Unit 3 in retail rates have been resolved as a result of the 2017 Rate Case Settlement Agreement, including recoverability of certain costs associated with the ongoing ownership and operation of the unit through the environmentalfuel cost recovery clause rate approved by the Florida PSC in November 2016.
Cost Recovery Clausesrates. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters – Cost Recovery Clauses" of Gulf Power in Item 7 and Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Cost Recovery Clauses"Retail Base Rate Cases" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regardinginformation.
Income Tax Matters
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters" of Gulf Power's recoveryPower in Item 7 of retail costs through various regulatory clausesthe Form 10-K and accountingFINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Credit Rating Risk," Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Gulf Power," and Note

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orders. Gulf Power has four regulatory clauses which are approved by the Florida PSC. See Note (B)(H) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information.
As discussed previously,information regarding the 2017 Rate Case Settlement Agreement resolved the remaining issuesTax Reform Legislation and related to Gulf Power's inclusion of certain costs associated with the ongoing ownership and operation of Plant Scherer Unit 3 in the environmental cost recovery clause and no adjustment to the environmental cost recovery clause rate approved by the Florida PSC in November 2016 was made.regulatory actions.
Other Matters
Gulf Power is involved in various other matters being litigated and regulatory matters that could affect future earnings. In addition, Gulf Power is subject to certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. Gulf Power's business activities are subject to extensive governmental regulation related to public health and the environment, such as regulation of air emissions and water discharges. Litigation over environmental issues and claims of various types, including property damage, personal injury, common law nuisance, and citizen enforcement of environmental requirements, such as standards for air, qualitywater, land, and water standards,protection of other natural resources, has occurred throughout the U.S. This litigation has included claims for damages alleged to have been caused by CO2 and other emissions, CCR, and alleged exposure to hazardous materials, and/or requests for injunctive relief in connection with such matters.
TheultimateoutcomeofsuchpendingorpotentiallitigationagainstGulf Power or regulatory matters cannotbepredictedatthistime;however,forcurrentproceedingsnotspecificallyreportedinNote(B)totheCondensedFinancialStatementsherein,management does not anticipate that the ultimate liabilities, if any, arising from such current proceedings would have a material effect on Gulf Power's financial statements. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for a discussion of various other contingencies, regulatory matters, and other matters being litigated which may affect future earnings potential.
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Gulf Power prepares its financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the financial statements of Gulf Power in Item 8 of the Form 10-K. In the application of these policies, certain estimates are made that may have a material impact on Gulf Power's results of operations and related disclosures. Different assumptions and measurements could produce estimates that are significantly different from those recorded in the financial statements. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" of Gulf Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a complete discussion of Gulf Power's critical accounting policies and estimates related to Utility Regulation, Asset Retirement Obligations, Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits, and Contingent Obligations.estimates.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In 2014, the FASB issued ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), replacing the existing accounting standard and industry specific guidance for revenue recognition with a five-step model for recognizing and measuring revenue from contracts with customers. The underlying principle of the standard is to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at the amount expected to be collected. The new standard also requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows arising from contracts with customers.
While Gulf Power expects most of its revenue to be included in the scope of ASC 606, it has not fully completed its evaluation of all revenue arrangements. The majority of Gulf Power's revenue, including energy provided to customers, is from tariff offerings that provide electricity without a defined contractual term, as well as longer-term contractual commitments, including PPAs. Gulf Power expects that the revenue from contracts with these customers will not result in a significant shift in the timing of revenue recognition for such sales.

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– ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" of Gulf Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). See Note (A) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding Gulf Power's ongoing evaluation of other revenue streams and related contracts includes unregulated sales to customers. Some revenue arrangements are excluded from the scope of ASC 606 and, therefore, will be accounted for and disclosed or presented separately from revenues under ASC 606 on Gulf Power's financial statements, if material. In addition, the power and utilities industry continues to evaluate other specific industry issues, including the applicability of ASC 606 to contributions in aid of construction (CIAC). Although final implementation guidance has not been issued, Gulf Power expects CIAC to be out of the scope of ASC 606.
The new standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Gulf Power intends to use the modified retrospective method of adoption effective January 1, 2018. Gulf Power has also elected to utilize practical expedients which allow it to apply the standard to open contracts at the date of adoption and to reflect the aggregate effect of all modifications when identifying performance obligations and allocating the transaction price for contracts modified before the effective date. Under the modified retrospective method of adoption, prior year reported results are not restated; however, a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings at January 1, 2018 is recorded. In addition, disclosures will include comparative information on 2018 financial statement line items under current guidance. While the adoption of ASC 606, including the cumulative-effect adjustment, is not expected to have a material impact on either the timing or amount of revenues recognized in Gulf Power's financial statements, Gulf Power will continue to evaluate the requirements, as well as any additional clarifying guidance that may be issued.
On March 10, 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (ASU 2017-07). ASU 2017-07 requires that an employer report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs and requires the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs to be separately presented in the income statement outside income from operations. Additionally, only the service cost component is eligible for capitalization, when applicable. However, all cost components remain eligible for capitalization under FERC regulations. ASU 2017-07 will be applied retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost component and the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in the income statement. The capitalization of the service cost component of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in assets will be applied on a prospective basis. ASU 2017-07 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods. Gulf Power is currently evaluating the new standard. The presentation changes required for net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs will result in a decrease in Gulf Power's operating income and an increase in other income for 2016 and 2017 and are expected to result in a decrease in operating income and an increase in other income for 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-07 is not expected to have a material impact on Gulf Power's financial statements.recently adopted accounting standards.
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY
Overview
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Overview" of Gulf Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information. Gulf Power's financial condition remained stable at June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. Gulf Power intends to continue to monitor its access to short-term and long-term capital markets as well as bank credit agreements to meet future capital and liquidity needs. See "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations," "Sources of Capital," and "Financing Activities" herein for additional information.
Net cash provided from operating activities totaled $124$104 million for the first sixthree months of 20172018 compared to $196$50 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The $72$54 million decrease in net cashincrease was primarily due to increased fuel cost recovery and the timing of fossil fuel stock purchases, a federal income tax refund received in 2016, as well as decreases in cash flows associated with lower cost recovery clause rates.accounts receivable collections. Net cash used for investing activities totaled $123$71 million in the first sixthree months of 20172018 primarily due to property additions to utility plant. Net cash used for financing activities totaled $12 million for the first six months of 2017 primarily due to the payment of short-term debt, redemptions of preference stock and long-term debt, and common stock dividend payments, partially offset by proceeds from

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issuancesactivities totaled $22 million for the first three months of long-term debt and2018 primarily due to the payment of a common stock.stock dividend, partially offset by an increase in notes payable. Cash flows from financing activities vary from period to period based on capital needs and the maturity or redemption of securities.
Significant balance sheet changes for the first sixthree months of 2017 primarily reflect2018 include the financing activities described above. Other significant changes includereclassification of $72 million to other regulatory liabilities, current from deferred credits related to income taxes as a decrease in other costresult of removal obligations, as authorized in the 2013Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, and a decrease in property, plant, and equipment primarily due to the write-down of Gulf Power's ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3.Agreement. See "Financing Activities" herein and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory MattersGulf PowerRetail Base Rate Cases"Case" herein for additional information.information regarding the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement.
Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" of Gulf Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a description of Gulf Power's capital requirements for its construction program, including estimated capital expenditures to comply with existing environmental statutes and regulations,contractual obligations. There are no scheduled maturities of long-term debt as well as related interest, leases, derivative obligations, purchase commitments, and trust funding requirements. Approximately $7 million will be required through June 30, 2018 to fund maturities of long-term debt. In addition, at June 30, 2017, $20 million of Gulf Power's total fixed rate pollution control revenue bonds required to be remarketed over the next 12 months are classified as securities due within one year.March 31, 2019. See "Financing Activities" herein for additional information.
The construction program is subject to periodic review and revision, and actual construction costs may vary from these estimates because of numerous factors. These factors include: changes in business conditions; changes in load projections; storm impacts; changes in environmental statuteslaws and regulations; the outcome of any legal challenges to the environmental rules; changes in generating plants, including unit retirements and replacements and adding or changing fuel sources at existing generating units, to meet regulatory requirements; changes in the expected environmental compliance programs; changes in FERC rules and regulations; Florida PSC approvals; changes in legislation; the cost and efficiency of construction labor, equipment, and materials; project scope and design changes; and the cost of capital. In addition, there can be no assurance that costs related to capital expenditures will be fully recovered.
Sources of Capital
Gulf Power plans to obtain the funds required to meet its future capital needs from sources similar to those used in the past, which were primarily from operating cash flows, short-term debt, external security issuances, term loans,borrowings from financial institutions, and equity contributions from Southern Company. However, the amount, type, and timing of any future financings, if needed, will depend upon regulatory approval, prevailing market conditions, and other factors. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Sources of Capital" of Gulf Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
At March 31, 2018, Gulf Power's current liabilities frequentlyexceeded current assets by $40 million. Gulf Power's current liabilities may exceed current assets because of scheduled maturities of long-term debt and the continuedperiodic use of short-term debt as a funding source, to meet scheduled maturities of long-term debt, as well as significant seasonal fluctuations in cash needs.
Gulf Power intends to utilize operating cash flows, external security issuances, and borrowings from financial institutions to fund its short-term capital needs. Gulf Power has substantial cash flow from operating activities and access to the capital markets and financial institutions to meet short-term liquidity needs, including its commercial paper program which is supported by bank credit facilities.

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needs.
At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Gulf Power had approximately $45$39 million of cash and cash equivalents. Committed credit arrangements with banks at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 were as follows:
ExpiresExpires     
Executable Term
Loans
 
Expires Within One
Year
Expires     
Executable Term
Loans
 
Expires Within One
Year
2017 2018 2019 2020 Total Unused 
One
Year
 
Two
Years
 
Term
Out
 
No Term
Out
20182018 2019 2020 Total Unused 
One
Year
 
Two
Years
 
Term
Out
 
No Term
Out
(in millions)
$30
 $195
 $25
 $30
 $280
 $280
 $45
 $
 $
 $40
20
 $25
 $235
 $280
 $280
 $45
 $
 $20
 $
See Note 6 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Bank Credit Arrangements" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (E)(F) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Bank Credit Arrangements" herein for additional information.

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FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Most of these bank credit arrangements contain covenants that limit debt levels and contain cross-acceleration provisions to other indebtedness (including guarantee obligations) of Gulf Power. Such cross-acceleration provisions to other indebtedness would trigger an event of default if Gulf Power defaulted on indebtedness, the payment of which was then accelerated. At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Gulf Power was in compliance with all such covenants. NoneA portion ($40 million) of the bank credit arrangements contain material adverse change clauses at the time of borrowings.
Subject to applicable market conditions, Gulf Power expects to renew or replace its bank credit arrangements, as needed, prior to expiration. In connection therewith, Gulf Power may extend the maturity dates and/or increase or decrease the lending commitments thereunder.
Most of the unused credit arrangements with banks are allocated to provide liquidity support to Gulf Power's pollution control revenue bonds and commercial paper program. The amount of variable rate pollution control revenue bonds outstanding requiring liquidity support as of June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 was approximately $82 million. In addition, at June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Gulf Power had approximately $140$75 million of fixed rate pollution control revenue bonds outstanding that were required to be remarketed within the next 12 months.
Gulf Power may also meet short-term cash needs through a Southern Company subsidiary organized to issue and sell commercial paper at the request and for the benefit of Gulf Power and the other traditional electric operating companies. Proceeds from such issuances for the benefit of Gulf Power are loaned directly to Gulf Power. The obligations of each traditional electric operating company under these arrangements are several and there is no cross-affiliate credit support. Short-term borrowings are included in notes payable inon the balance sheets.
Details of short-term borrowings were as follows:
  
Short-term Debt at
June 30, 2017
 
Short-term Debt During the Period(*)
  
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Average
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Maximum
Amount
Outstanding
  (in millions)   (in millions)   (in millions)
Commercial paper $78
 1.5% $20
 1.4% $78
Short-term bank debt 
 % 53
 1.7% 100
Total $78
 1.5% $73
 1.6%  
  Short-term Debt at March 31, 2018 
Short-term Debt During the Period(*)
  
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Average
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Maximum
Amount
Outstanding
  (in millions)   (in millions)   (in millions)
Commercial paper $61
 2.4% $40
 2.0% $68
(*)Average and maximum amounts are based upon daily balances during the three-month period ended June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018.
Gulf Power believes the need for working capital can be adequately met by utilizing the commercial paper program, lines of credit, short-term bank loans, and operating cash flows.

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Credit Rating Risk
At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Gulf Power did not have any credit arrangements that would require material changes in payment schedules or terminations as a result of a credit rating downgrade.
There are certain contracts that could require collateral, but not accelerated payment, in the event of a credit rating change to BBB- and/or Baa3 or below. These contracts are for physical electricity purchases and sales, fuel transportation and storage, transmission, and energy price risk management.
The maximum potential collateral requirements under these contracts at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 were as follows:
Credit Ratings
Maximum Potential
Collateral
Requirements
Maximum Potential
Collateral
Requirements
(in millions)(in millions)
At BBB- and/or Baa3$167
$147
Below BBB- and/or Baa3$570
$479

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Included in these amounts are certain agreements that could require collateral in the event that Alabama Power or Georgia Power has a credit rating change to below investment grade. Generally, collateral may be provided by a Southern Company guaranty, letter of credit, or cash. Additionally, a credit rating downgrade could impact the ability of Gulf Power to access capital markets and would be likely to impact the cost at which it does so.
On March 24, 2017, S&P revised its consolidatedWhile it is unclear how the credit rating outlook foragencies and the FERC may respond to the Tax Reform Legislation, certain financial metrics, such as the funds from operations to debt percentage, used by the credit rating agencies to assess Southern Company and its subsidiaries, (includingincluding Gulf Power) from stablePower, may be negatively impacted. The Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement is expected to negative.
Market Price Risk
help mitigate these potential adverse impacts to Gulf Power's market risk exposure relative to interest rate changescredit metrics by allowing a maximum equity ratio of 53.5% for the second quarter and year-to-date 2017 has not changed materially comparedall retail regulatory purposes. See Note 3 to the December 31, 2016 reporting period.financial statements of Gulf Power's exposure to market volatilityPower under "Retail Regulatory Matters" in commodity fuel pricesItem 8 of the Form 10-K and prices of electricity with respect to its wholesale generating capacity is limited because its long-term sales agreement shifts substantially all fuel cost responsibilityNote (B) to the purchaser.
In connection with the 2017 Rate Case Settlement Agreement,Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Gulf Power recorded a $32.5 million write-down of Gulf Power's ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3 in the first quarter 2017 to resolve the inclusion of Gulf Power's investment in Plant Scherer Unit 3 in retail rates and no adjustment to the environmental cost recovery clause rate approved by the Florida PSC in November 2016 was made. The 2017 Rate Case Settlement Agreement provides that 100% of Gulf Power's ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3 will be included in retail rates. This resolved the market price risk concern around Gulf Power's uncontracted wholesale generating capacity related to Plant Scherer Unit 3. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters"Power" herein for additional information.
The Florida PSC extended the moratorium on Gulf Power's fuel-hedging program through January 1, 2021 in connection with the 2017 Rate Case Settlement Agreement. The moratorium does not have an impact on the recovery of existing hedges entered into under the previously-approved hedging program.
For additional discussion of Gulf Power's market risks, see MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Market Price Risk" of Gulf Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K.
Financing Activities
In January 2017, Gulf Power issued 1,750,000 shares of common stock to Southern Company and realized proceeds of $175 million. The proceeds were used for general corporate purposes, including Gulf Power's continuous construction program.
Indid not issue or redeem any securities during the three months ended March 2017, Gulf Power extended the maturity of a $100 million short-term floating rate bank loan bearing interest based on one-month LIBOR from April 2017 to October 2017 and subsequently repaid the loan in May 2017.

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In May 2017, Gulf Power issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2017A 3.30% Senior Notes due May 30, 2027. The proceeds, together with other funds, were used to repay at maturity $85 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2007A 5.90% Senior Notes due June 15, 2017; to repay outstanding commercial paper borrowings; to repay a $100 million short-term floating rate bank loan, as discussed above; and to redeem 550,000 shares ($55 million aggregate liquidation amount) of 6.00% Series Preference Stock, 450,000 shares ($45 million aggregate liquidation amount) of Series 2007A 6.45% Preference Stock, and 500,000 shares ($50 million aggregate liquidation amount) of Series 2013A 5.60% Preference Stock.31, 2018.
In addition to any financings that may be necessary to meet capital requirements, contractual obligations, and storm recovery, Gulf Power plans to continue, when economically feasible, a program to retire higher-cost securities and replace these obligations with lower-cost capital if market conditions permit.

MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY

MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF INCOMEOPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017
(in millions) (in millions)(in millions)
Operating Revenues:          
Retail revenues$222
 $206
 $422
 $389
$194
 $200
Wholesale revenues, non-affiliates62
 60
 124
 120
63
 62
Wholesale revenues, affiliates15
 7
 20
 16
34
 5
Other revenues4
 4
 9
 8
11
 5
Total operating revenues303
 277
 575
 533
302
 272
Operating Expenses:          
Fuel102
 81
 180
 157
98
 78
Purchased power, non-affiliates2
 1
 3
 1
Purchased power, affiliates4
 4
 11
 9
Purchased power9
 8
Other operations and maintenance70
 68
 144
 136
75
 76
Depreciation and amortization41
 45
 81
 84
41
 40
Taxes other than income taxes26
 25
 52
 50
28
 26
Estimated loss on Kemper IGCC3,012
 81
 3,120
 134
44
 108
Total operating expenses3,257
 305
 3,591
 571
295
 336
Operating Loss(2,954) (28) (3,016) (38)
Operating Income (Loss)7
 (64)
Other Income and (Expense):          
Allowance for equity funds used during construction36
 30
 71
 59

 35
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(17) (15) (37) (31)(19) (19)
Other income (expense), net1
 (1) 1
 (3)1
 1
Total other income and (expense)20
 14
 35
 25
(18) 17
Loss Before Income Taxes(2,934) (14) (2,981) (13)(11) (47)
Income taxes (benefit)(881) (17) (908) (27)(4) (27)
Net Income (Loss)(2,053) 3
 (2,073) 14
Net Loss(7) (20)
Dividends on Preferred Stock1
 1
 1
 1

 
Net Income (Loss) After Dividends on Preferred Stock$(2,054) $2
 $(2,074) $13
Net Loss After Dividends on Preferred Stock$(7) $(20)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (UNAUDITED)
 For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 2017 2016 2017 2016
 (in millions) (in millions)
Net Income (Loss)$(2,053) $3
 $(2,073) $14
Other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 
 
Qualifying hedges:       
Changes in fair value, net of tax of $-, $-, $-, and $-, respectively
 
 1
 
Total other comprehensive income (loss)
 
 1
 
Comprehensive Income (Loss)$(2,053) $3
 $(2,072) $14
 For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
 2018 2017
 (in millions)
Net Loss$(7) $(20)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
 
Qualifying hedges:   
Changes in fair value, net of tax of $(1) and $-, respectively(1) 1
Total other comprehensive income (loss)(1) 1
Comprehensive Loss$(8) $(19)
The accompanying notes as they relate to Mississippi Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 20162018 2017
(in millions)(in millions)
Operating Activities:      
Net income (loss)$(2,073) $14
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided from operating activities —   
Net loss$(7) $(20)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used for operating activities —   
Depreciation and amortization, total94
 82
44
 49
Deferred income taxes(860) (16)155
 (47)
Allowance for equity funds used during construction(71) (59)
 (35)
Estimated loss on Kemper IGCC3,120
 134
37
 108
Other, net(11) (8)3
 (3)
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities —      
-Receivables(15) 15
(129) 5
-Fossil fuel stock21
 6
-Other current assets(10) 31
(12) 13
-Accounts payable(20) (12)(21) (35)
-Accrued taxes
 20
(110) (46)
-Accrued compensation(17) (12)(22) (22)
-Over recovered regulatory clause revenues(30) 4
9
 (12)
-Customer liability associated with Kemper refunds
 (69)
-Other current liabilities7
 7
(9) 5
Net cash provided from operating activities135
 137
Net cash used for operating activities(62) (40)
Investing Activities:      
Property additions(337) (403)(33) (186)
Construction payables(19) (11)
Government grant proceeds
 137
Payments pursuant to LTSAs(9) 1
Other investing activities(5) (19)(10) (5)
Net cash used for investing activities(361) (296)(52) (190)
Financing Activities:      
Decrease in notes payable, net(10) 
Increase (decrease) in notes payable, net(4) 9
Proceeds —      
Capital contributions from parent company1,001
 226
Long-term debt to parent company40
 200
Other long-term debt
 900
Senior notes600
 
Short-term borrowings4
 
300
 4
Redemptions —   
Short-term borrowings
 (475)
Long-term debt to parent company(591) (225)
Other long-term debt(300) (425)
Redemptions — Other long-term debt(900) 
Other financing activities(2) (3)(5) (1)
Net cash provided from financing activities142
 198
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents(84) 39
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period224
 98
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period$140
 $137
Net cash provided from (used for) financing activities(9) 12
Net Change in Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash(123) (218)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at Beginning of Period248
 224
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at End of Period$125
 $6
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:      
Cash paid (received) during the period for —   
Interest (paid $53 and $49, net of $27 and $23 capitalized for 2017
and 2016, respectively)
$26
 $26
Cash paid during the period for —   
Interest (paid $21 and $25, net of $- and $12 capitalized for 2018
and 2017, respectively)
$21
 $13
Income taxes, net(93) (122)19
 
Noncash transactions — Accrued property additions at end of period59
 94
30
 78
The accompanying notes as they relate to Mississippi Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
 
Assets At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Current Assets:        
Cash and cash equivalents $140
 $224
 $125
 $248
Receivables —        
Customer accounts receivable 33
 29
 26
 36
Unbilled revenues 42
 42
 35
 41
Income taxes receivable, current 544
 544
 144
 4
Affiliated 25
 16
Other accounts and notes receivable 25
 14
 9
 12
Affiliated 20
 15
Fossil fuel stock 20
 100
 21
 17
Materials and supplies 44
 76
Materials and supplies, current 51
 44
Other regulatory assets, current 114
 115
 123
 125
Other current assets 2
 8
 2
 9
Total current assets 984
 1,167
 561
 552
Property, Plant, and Equipment:        
In service 4,826
 4,865
 4,780
 4,773
Less: Accumulated provision for depreciation 1,283
 1,289
 1,344
 1,325
Plant in service, net of depreciation 3,543
 3,576
 3,436
 3,448
Construction work in progress 56
 2,545
 93
 84
Total property, plant, and equipment 3,599
 6,121
 3,529
 3,532
Other Property and Investments 22
 12
 30
 30
Deferred Charges and Other Assets:        
Deferred charges related to income taxes 61
 361
 35
 35
Other regulatory assets, deferred 441
 518
 449
 437
Accumulated deferred income taxes 404
 
 98
 247
Other deferred charges and assets 20
 56
 10
 33
Total deferred charges and other assets 926
 935
 592
 752
Total Assets $5,531
 $8,235
 $4,712
 $4,866
The accompanying notes as they relate to Mississippi Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.


MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
 
Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Current Liabilities:        
Securities due within one year —    
Parent $
 $551
Other 1,028
 78
Securities due within one year $214
 $989
Notes payable 17
 23
 300
 4
Accounts payable —        
Affiliated 54
 62
 47
 59
Other 109
 135
 78
 96
Customer deposits 16
 16
Accrued taxes 97
 99
Unrecognized tax benefits 385
 383
Accrued interest 52
 46
Accrued taxes —    
Accrued income taxes 
 40
Other accrued taxes 31
 101
Accrued compensation 25
 42
 18
 39
Accrued plant closure costs 61
 35
Asset retirement obligations, current 21
 32
 36
 37
Over recovered regulatory clause liabilities 21
 51
Other current liabilities 89
 20
 67
 63
Total current liabilities 1,914
 1,538
 852
 1,463
Long-term Debt 1,169
 2,424
 1,567
 1,097
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:        
Accumulated deferred income taxes 
 756
Deferred credits related to income taxes 391
 372
Employee benefit obligations 111
 115
 115
 116
Asset retirement obligations, deferred 149
 146
 134
 137
Other cost of removal obligations 173
 170
 177
 178
Other regulatory liabilities, deferred 80
 84
 78
 79
Other deferred credits and liabilities 29
 26
 14
 33
Total deferred credits and other liabilities 542
 1,297
 909
 915
Total Liabilities 3,625
 5,259
 3,328
 3,475
Redeemable Preferred Stock 33
 33
 33
 33
Common Stockholder's Equity:        
Common stock, without par value —        
Authorized — 1,130,000 shares        
Outstanding — 1,121,000 shares 38
 38
 38
 38
Paid-in capital 4,527
 3,525
 4,531
 4,529
Accumulated deficit (2,689) (616) (3,213) (3,205)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss (3) (4) (5) (4)
Total common stockholder's equity 1,873
 2,943
 1,351
 1,358
Total Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity $5,531
 $8,235
 $4,712
 $4,866
The accompanying notes as they relate to Mississippi Power are an integral part of these condensed financial statements.

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SECONDFIRST QUARTER 20172018 vs. SECONDFIRST QUARTER 2016
AND
YEAR-TO-DATE 2017 vs. YEAR-TO-DATE 2016


OVERVIEW
Mississippi Power operates as a vertically integrated utility providing electric service to retail customers within its traditional service territory located within the State of Mississippi and to wholesale customers in the Southeast.
Many factors affect the opportunities, challenges, and risks of Mississippi Power's business of providing electric service. These factors include Mississippi Power's ability to maintain and grow energy sales and to operate in a constructive regulatory environment that provides timely recovery of prudently-incurred costs. These costs include those related to the Kemper County energy facility, projected long-term demand growth, reliability, fuel, and stringent environmental standards, as well as ongoing capital and operations and maintenance expenditures required for maintenance and restoration following major storms. Appropriately balancing required costs and capital expenditures with customer prices will continue to challenge Mississippi Power for the foreseeable future.
The Kemper IGCC was approved byDuring the first quarter 2018, Mississippi PSC inPower recorded charges to income of $44 million ($33 million after tax), primarily resulting from the 2010 CPCN proceedings, subject to a construction cost cap of $2.88 billion, net of $245 million of grants awarded toabandonment and related closure activities for the project by the DOE under the Clean Coal Power Initiative Round 2 (Initial DOE Grants) and excluding the cost of the lignite mine and equipment, the cost of the CO2 pipeline facilities, AFUDC, and certain general exceptions, including change of law, force majeure, and beneficial capital (which exists when Mississippi Power demonstrates that the purpose and effect of the construction cost increase is to produce efficiencies that will result in a neutral or favorable effect on customers relative to the original proposal for the CPCN) (Cost Cap Exceptions). The combined cycle and associated common facilities portion of the Kemper IGCC were placed in service in August 2014.
In December 2015, the Mississippi PSC issued an order (In-Service Asset Rate Order), based on a stipulation (2015 Stipulation) between Mississippi Power and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff (MPUS), authorizing rates that provide for the recovery of approximately $126 million annually related to the combined cycle and associated common facilities portion of Kemper IGCCgasifier-related assets previously placed in service. As required by the In-Service Asset Rate Order, on June 5, 2017, Mississippi Power made a rate filing requesting to adjust the amortization schedules of the regulatory assets reviewed and determined prudent in a manner that would not change customer rates or annual revenues. On June 28, 2017, the Mississippi PSC suspended this filing. On July 6, 2017, the Mississippi PSC issued an order requiring Mississippi Power to establish a regulatory liability account to maintain current rates related to the Kemper IGCC following the July 2017 completion of the amortization period for certain regulatory assets approved in the In-Service Asset Rate Order that would allow for subsequent refund if the Mississippi PSC deems the rates unjust and unreasonable.
The remainder of the plant includes the gasifiers and the gas clean-up facilities. The initial production of syngas began on July 14, 2016 for gasifier "B" and on September 13, 2016 for gasifier "A." Mississippi Power achieved integrated operation of both gasifiers on January 29, 2017, including the production of electricity from syngas in both combustion turbines. During testing, the plant produced and captured CO2, and produced sulfuric acid and ammonia, each of acceptable quality under the related off-take agreements. However, Mississippi Power experienced numerous challenges during the extended start-up process to achieve integrated operation of the gasifiers on a sustained basis. Most recently, in May 2017, after achieving these milestones, Mississippi Power determined that a critical system component, the syngas coolers, would need replacement sooner than originally planned, which would require significant lead time and significant cost. In addition, the long-term natural gas price forecast has decreased significantly and the estimated cost of operating and maintaining the facility during the first five full years of operations increased significantly since certification.
On June 21, 2017, the Mississippi PSC stated its intent to issue an order (which occurred on July 6, 2017) directing Mississippi Power to pursue a settlement under whichat the Kemper County energy facility would be operated as a

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natural gas plant, rather than an IGCC plant, and address all issues associated with the Kemper IGCC (Kemper Settlement Order). The Kemper Settlement Order established a new docketfacility. Additional closure costs for the purposes of pursuing a global settlement of costs of the Kemper IGCC (Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket). The Mississippi PSC requested any such proposed settlement agreement reflect: (i) at a minimum, no rate increase to Mississippi Power customers (with a rate reduction focused on residential customers encouraged); (ii) removal of all cost risk to customers associated with the Kemper IGCC gasifiermine and related assets; and (iii) modification or amendment of the CPCN for the Kemper IGCC to allow only for ownership and operation of a natural gas facility. The Kemper Settlement Order provides that any related settlement agreement be filed within 45 days from the effective date of the Kemper Settlement Order. If a settlement agreement is filed, a hearing will be set 45 days from the date of the settlement's filing, and the appropriate scheduling order will be established.
Although the ability to achieve a negotiated settlement is uncertain, Mississippi Power intends to pursue any available settlement alternatives. In addition, the Kemper Settlement Order provides that, in the event a settlement agreement is not reached, the Mississippi PSC reserves its right to take any appropriate steps,gasifier-related assets, including issuing an order to show cause as to why the CPCN for the Kemper IGCC should not be revoked.
On June 28, 2017, Mississippi Power notified the Mississippi PSC that it would begin a process to suspend operations and start-up activities on the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC, given the uncertainty as to the future of the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC. Mississippi Power expects to continue to operate the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC as it has done since August 2014.
At the time of project suspension, the total cost estimate for the Kemper IGCC was approximately $7.38 billion, including approximately $5.95 billion of costs subject to the construction cost cap, and was net of the $137 million in additional grants from the DOE received on April 8, 2016 (Additional DOE Grants). Mississippi Power recorded pre-tax charges to income for revisions to the cost estimate subject to the construction cost cap totaling $196 million ($121 million after tax) in the second quarter through May 31, 2017 and a total of $305 million ($188 million after tax) for year-to-date through May 31, 2017. In the aggregate, Mississippi Power incurred charges of $3.07 billion ($1.89 billion after tax) as a result of changes in the cost estimate above the cost cap for the Kemper IGCC through May 31, 2017. The May 31, 2017 cost estimate included approximately $175 million of estimated costs to be incurred beyond the then-estimated in-service date of June 30, 2017 that were expected to be subject to the $2.88 billion cost cap.
At June 30, 2017, approximately $3.3 billion in actual Kemper IGCC costs were not reflected in Mississippi Power's retail and wholesale rates, of which $0.5 billion was related to the combined cycle and associated facilities and $2.8 billion was related to the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC.
While the ultimate disposition of the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC remains subject to the Mississippi PSC's jurisdiction, including the potential resolution of the matters addressed in the Kemper Settlement Order, given the Mississippi PSC's stated intent regarding no further rate increase for the Kemper County energy facility, cost recovery of the gasification portions is no longer probable; therefore, Mississippi Power recorded an additional charge to income in June 2017 of $2.8 billion ($2.0 billion after tax), which includes estimated costs associated with the gasification portions of the plant and lignite mine. In the event the gasification portions of the project are ultimately canceled, additional pre-tax costsash disposal, currently estimated at approximately $100to cost up to $50 million to $200 millionpre-tax (excluding salvage), are expected to be incurred.
Total pre-tax chargesincurred during the remainder of 2018 and 2019. In addition, period costs, including, but not limited to, incomecosts for compliance and safety, ARO accretion, and property taxes for the mine and gasifier-related assets, are estimated probable losses on the Kemper IGCC were $3.0 billion ($2.1 billion after tax)at $4 million for the second quarter 2017remainder of 2018, $4 million in 2019, and $3.1 billion ($2.2 billion after tax) for the six months ended June 30, 2017. In the aggregate, since the Kemper IGCC project started, Mississippi Power has incurred charges of $6.0 billion ($3.9 billion after tax) through June 30, 2017.
As of June 30, 2017, Mississippi Power has recorded a total of approximately $1.3 billion$1 million annually beginning in costs associated with the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC including transmission and related regulatory assets, of which $0.8 billion is included in retail and wholesale rates. The $0.5 billion not included in current rates includes costs in excess of the original 2010 estimate for the combined cycle portion of the facility, as well as the 15% that was

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previously contracted to SMEPA. Mississippi Power has calculated the revenue requirements resulting from these remaining costs, using reasonable assumptions for amortization periods, and expects them to be recovered through rates consistent with the Mississippi PSC's requested settlement conditions.2020. The ultimate outcome willof this matter cannot be determined by the Mississippi PSC in the Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket proceedings.at this time.
For additional information on the Kemper IGCC, including information on the project economic viability analysis, pending lawsuits, and an ongoing SEC investigation,County energy facility, see Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle""Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" and "Other Matters""Kemper County Energy Facility" and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein.
In June 2017, Southern Company made equity contributions totaling $1.0 billion to Mississippi Power. Mississippi Power used a portion of the proceeds to (i) prepay $300 million of the outstanding principal amount under its $1.2 billion unsecured term loan; (ii) repay $591 million of the outstanding principal amount of promissory notes to Southern Company; and (iii) repay $10 million of the outstanding principal amount of bank loans.
Mississippi Power's financial statement presentation contemplates continuation of Mississippi Power as a going concern as a result of Southern Company's anticipated ongoing financial support of Mississippi Power. For additional information, see Notes 1 and 6 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" and "Going Concern," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (E) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Going Concern""Kemper County Energy Facility" herein.
In addition to the rate recovery of the Kemper County energy facility, Mississippi Power continues to focus on several key performance indicators. In recognition that Mississippi Power's long-term financial success is dependent upon how well it satisfies its customers' needs, Mississippi Power's retail base rate mechanism, PEP, includes performance indicators that directly tie customer service indicators to Mississippi Power's allowed ROE. Mississippi Power also focuses on broader measures of customer satisfaction, plant availability, system reliability, and net income after dividends on preferred stock.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Income (Loss)
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$(2,056) N/M $(2,087) N/M
N/M - Not meaningful
In the second quarter and year-to-date 2017,On February 7, 2018, Mississippi Power's net loss after dividends on preferred stock was $2.05 billion and $2.07 billion, respectively, compared to net income of $2 million and $13 million, respectively, for the corresponding periodsPower revised its annual projected PEP filing, requesting an increase in 2016. In the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, the decrease in net income was related to higher pre-tax charges associated with the Kemper IGCC of $3.0 billion ($2.1 billion after tax) and $3.1 billion ($2.2 billion after tax), respectively, compared to pre-tax charges of $81 million ($50 million after tax) and $134 million ($83 million after tax), respectively, for the corresponding periods in 2016. The changes in net income were partially offset by a decrease in depreciation and amortization and increases inannual retail revenues AFUDC equity,of $26 million. On February 14, 2018, Mississippi Power submitted its 2018 ECO Plan filing, requesting an increase in annual retail revenue of $17 million. These filings include the effects of the Tax Reform Legislation. The Mississippi PSC is expected to rule on these requests in mid-2018. The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
On April 10, 2018, the Mississippi PSC stated its intent to begin an operations review process for investor-owned utilities in Mississippi and income tax benefits.
See Note 3instructed its legal staff and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff (MPUS) to the financial statementsprepare an order and request for proposals for a review of Mississippi Power. Mississippi Power under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle"expects that the review will include its cost recovery framework and an analysis of potential participation in Item 8a regional transmission organization. The ultimate outcome of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle"this matter cannot be determined at this time.
See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Retail Regulatory Matters" herein for additional information.
In March 2018, Mississippi Power issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2018A Floating Rate Senior Notes due March 27, 2020 bearing interest based on three-month LIBOR and $300 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2018B 3.95% Senior Notes due March 30, 2028. In March 2018, Mississippi Power also entered into a $300 million short-term floating rate bank loan bearing interest based on one-month LIBOR, of which $125 million was repaid subsequent to March 31, 2018. Mississippi Power used the proceeds from these financings to repay the entire $900 million principal amount of its unsecured term loan.

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Retail RevenuesRESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Income (Loss)
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$16 7.8 $33 8.5
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$13 65.0
InMississippi Power's net loss after dividends on preferred stock for the secondfirst quarter 2017, retail revenues were $2222018 was $7 million compared to $206$20 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017,2017. The change was related to lower pre-tax charges associated with the Kemper County energy facility, partially offset by the cessation of AFUDC equity related to the Kemper County energy facility in the second quarter 2017.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Kemper County Energy Facility" herein for additional information.
Retail Revenues
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(6) (3.0)
In the first quarter 2018, retail revenues were $422$194 million compared to $389$200 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017.
Details of the changes in retail revenues were as follows:
Second Quarter 2017 Year-to-Date 2017First Quarter 2018
(in millions) (% change) (in millions) (% change)(in millions) (% change)
Retail – prior year$206
   $389
  $200
  
Estimated change resulting from –          
Rates and pricing8
 3.9
 19
 4.9
(5) (2.5)
Sales growth (decline)(2) (0.9) 3
 0.8
Sales decline(1) (0.5)
Weather(2) (1.0) (7) (1.8)5
 2.5
Fuel and other cost recovery12
 5.8
 18
 4.6
(5) (2.5)
Retail – current year$222
 7.8 % $422
 8.5 %$194
 (3.0)%
Revenues associated with changes in rates and pricing increaseddecreased in the secondfirst quarter and year-to-date 20172018 when compared to the corresponding periodsperiod in 20162017 primarily due to an ECO Plan rate increase implemented in the third quarter 2016, partially offset by an ECO Plan rate decrease of $5 million implemented in the second quarter 2017. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Environmental Compliance Overview Plan" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Revenues attributable to changes in sales decreased for the secondfirst quarter 20172018 compared to the corresponding period in 2017. Weather-adjusted residential KWH sales increased 0.3% in 2018 primarily due to customer growth. Weather-adjusted commercial KWH sales decreased 0.3% primarily due to decreased customer usage related to energy efficiency, largely offset by customer growth. Industrial KWH sales increased 1.2% primarily due to increased usage by several large industrial customers.
Fuel and other cost recovery revenues decreased in the first quarter 2018 when compared to the corresponding period in 2016. Weather-adjusted KWH sales to residential customers decreased 2.7% due to lower customer usage. Weather-adjusted KWH sales to commercial customers decreased 0.8% due to lower customer usage, offset by customer growth. KWH sales to industrial customers decreased 1.3% primarily due to an unplanned outage by a large customer in 2017 and a decrease in the number of mid-size customers.
Revenues attributable to changes in sales increased for year-to-date 2017 when compared to the corresponding period in 2016. Weather-adjusted KWH sales to residential and commercial customers decreased 0.7% and 0.5%, respectively, due to lower customer usage. KWH sales to industrial customers decreased 0.4% primarily due to an unplanned outage by a larger customer in 2017 and a decrease in the number of mid-size customers.
Fuel and other cost recovery revenues increased in the second quarter and year-to-date 2017 when compared to the corresponding periods in 2016, primarily as a result of higherlower recoverable fuel costs. See "Fuel and Purchased Power Expenses" herein for additional information. Recoverable fuel costs include fuel and purchased power expenses reduced by the fuel portion of wholesale revenues from energy sold to customers outside Mississippi Power's service territory. Electric rates include provisions to adjust billings for fluctuations in fuel costs,

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including the energy component of purchased power costs. Under these provisions, fuel revenues generally equal fuel expenses, including the energy component of purchased power costs, and do not affect net income.
Wholesale Revenues – Non-Affiliates
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$2 3.3 $4 3.3
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$1 1.6
Wholesale revenues from sales to non-affiliates will vary depending on fuel prices, the market prices of wholesale energy compared to the cost of Mississippi Power's and the Southern Company system's generation, demand for

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energy within the Southern Company system's electric service territory, and the availability of the Southern Company system'sCompany's system generation. Increases and decreases in energy revenues that are driven by fuel prices are accompanied by an increase or decrease in fuel costs and do not have a significant impact on net income. In addition, Mississippi Power provides service under long-term contracts with rural electric cooperative associations and municipalities located in southeastern Mississippi under cost-based electric tariffs which are subject to regulation by the FERC. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "FERC Matters" of Mississippi Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "FERC Matters" herein for additional information.
In the secondfirst quarter and year-to-date 2017,2018, wholesale revenues from sales to non-affiliates were $62$63 million and $124 million, respectively, compared to $60 million and $120$62 million for the corresponding periodsperiod in 2016.2017. The increases wereincrease was due to increasesa $5 million increase in energy revenues due to weather impacts, partially offset by a decrease of $4 million and $5 million in the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively, primarily resulting from higher fuel prices, partially offset by decreases in base and capacity revenuesrelated to a refund of $2 million and $1 million, respectively, primarily due to milder weather resulting in lower sales.transmission revenues.
Wholesale Revenues – Affiliates
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$8 N/M $4 25.0
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions)(% change)
$29N/M
N/M - Not meaningful
Wholesale revenues from sales to affiliated companies will vary depending on demand and the availability and cost of generating resources at each company. These affiliate sales are made in accordance with the IIC, as approved by the FERC. These transactions do not have a significant impact on earnings since this energy is generally sold at marginal cost.
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, wholesale revenues from sales to affiliates were $15$34 million compared to $7$5 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily due to a $6$16 million increase associated with higher natural gas prices and a $13 million increase in KWH sales and a $2 million increase primarily due to higher natural gas prices.dispatch of Mississippi Power's lower cost generation resources to serve the Southern Company system's territorial load. The KWH sales increase is partially related to Mississippi Power's generation outages which decreased the amount of KWH available to dispatch in 2017.
For year-to-date 2017, wholesaleOther Revenues
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions)(% change)
$6N/M
N/M - Not meaningful
In the first quarter 2018, other revenues from sales to affiliates were $20$11 million compared to $16$5 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily due to higher natural gas prices.
Fuel and Purchased Power Expenses
 Second Quarter 2017
vs.
Second Quarter 2016
 Year-to-Date 2017
vs.
Year-to-Date 2016
 (change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
Fuel$21
 25.9 $23
 14.6
Purchased power – non-affiliates1
 100.0 2
 200.0
Purchased power – affiliates
  2
 22.2
Total fuel and purchased power expenses$22
   $27
  
In the second quarter 2017, total fuel and purchased power expenses were $108 million compared to $86 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was due to a $17 million increase in natural gas prices and a $5 million increase in the volume of KWHs generated and purchased.
For year-to-date 2017, total fuel and purchased power expenses were $194 million compared to $167 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was due to a $34 million increase in natural gas prices, partially offset by a $7 million decrease in the volume of KWHs generated and purchased.transmission revenues.

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Fuel and Purchased Power Expenses
 First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
 (change in millions) (% change)
Fuel$20
 25.6
Purchased power1
 12.5
Total fuel and purchased power expenses$21
  
In the first quarter 2018, total fuel and purchased power expenses were $107 million compared to $86 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to a $20 million increase in the volume of KWHs generated and a $1 million increase in the cost of purchased power.
Fuel and purchased power energy transactions do not have a significant impact on earnings since energy expenses are generally offset by energy revenues through Mississippi Power's fuel cost recovery clause.
Details of Mississippi Power's generation and purchased power were as follows:
Second Quarter 2017 Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 Year-to-Date 2016First Quarter 2018 First Quarter 2017
Total generation (in millions of KWHs)
3,927 3,728 7,088 7,3154,003 3,161
Total purchased power (in millions of KWHs)(*)
121 188 362 449194 242
Sources of generation (percent)
     
Coal7 5 8 84 9
Gas93 95 92 9296 91
Cost of fuel, generated (in cents per net KWH)
  
Coal3.61 5.49 3.46 4.163.62 3.33
Gas2.73 2.17 2.69 2.162.60 2.65
Average cost of fuel, generated (in cents per net KWH)
2.79 2.33 2.76 2.322.65 2.71
Average cost of purchased power (in cents per net KWH)(*)
4.74 2.55 3.80 2.334.74 3.33
(*)Includes energy produced during the test period for the Kemper IGCC, which is accounted for in accordance with FERC guidance.
Fuel
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, total fuel expense was $102$98 million compared to $81$78 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was due to a 20% increase in the average cost of fuel per KWH generated, primarily due to a 26% higher cost of natural gas, and a 6%29% increase in the volume of KWHs generated.generated primarily as a result of higher sales.
For year-to-date 2017,Purchased Power
In the first quarter 2018, total fuelpurchased power expense was $180$9 million compared to $157$8 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily due to a 19%$3 million, or 42.7%, increase in the average cost of fuel per KWH generated primarily due to a 25% higher cost of natural gas,purchased, partially offset by a 3%$2 million, or 19.6%, decrease in the volume of KWHs generated.
Purchased Powerpurchased as compared to 2017.
Energy purchases will vary depending on the market prices of wholesale energy as compared to the cost of the Southern Company system's generation, demand for energy within the Southern Company system's service territory, and the availability of the Southern Company system's generation. EnergyThese purchases from affiliates are made in accordance with the IIC or other contractual agreements, as approved by the FERC.
Other Operations and Maintenance Expenses
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$2 2.9 $8 5.9
For year-to-date 2017, other operations and maintenance expenses were $144 million compared to $136 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily associated with the Kemper IGCC in-service assets.
See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined CycleRate Recovery of Kemper IGCC Costs2015 Rate Case" herein for additional information.

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Depreciation and AmortizationTaxes Other Than Income Taxes
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$(4) (8.9) $(3) (3.6)
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$2 7.7
In the secondfirst quarter 2017, depreciation and amortization was $412018, taxes other than income taxes were $28 million compared to $45$26 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, depreciation2017. The increase was primarily due to higher ad valorem taxes.
The retail portion of ad valorem taxes is recoverable under Mississippi Power's ad valorem tax cost recovery clause and, amortization was $81 million compared to $84 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The decreases were primarily related to changes in amortization and deferrals associated with regulatory assets.
See Note 1 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Depreciation, Depletion, and Amortization" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K.therefore, does not affect net income.
Estimated Loss on Kemper IGCC
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$2,931 N/M $2,986 N/M
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(64) (59.3)
N/M - Not meaningful
Prior to the project suspension on June 28, 2017, estimated probableEstimated losses on the Kemper IGCC totaled $196of $44 million and $305 millionwere recorded in the secondfirst quarter 2018 resulting from the abandonment and year-to-date 2017, respectively,related closure activities for the mine and gasifier-related assets as compared to $81$108 million and $134 millionfor the corresponding period in 2017 related to revisions to the second quarter and year-to-date 2016, respectively. These losses reflected revisions of estimated costs expected to be incurred on the construction of the Kemper IGCCcosts prior to project suspension in excess of the $2.88 billion cost cap established by the Mississippi PSC, net of the Initial DOE Grants and excluding the Cost Cap Exceptions.
While the ultimate disposition of the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC remains subject to the Mississippi PSC's jurisdiction, including the potential resolution of the matters addressed in the Kemper Settlement Order, given the Mississippi PSC's stated intent regarding no further rate increase for the Kemper County energy facility, cost recovery of the gasification portions is no longer probable; therefore, Mississippi Power recorded an additional charge to income in June 2017 of $2.8 billion, which includes estimated costs associated with the gasification portions of the plant and lignite mine.project suspension.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle""Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle""Kemper County Energy Facility" herein for additional information.
Allowance for Equity Funds Used During Construction
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$6 20.0 $12 20.3
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(35) (100.0)
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, AFUDC equity was $36 millionimmaterial compared to $30$35 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, AFUDC equity was $71 million compared to $59 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increasesdecrease resulted from a higher AFUDC rate and an increase insuspension of the Kemper IGCC CWIP subject to AFUDC prior to project suspension.construction in June 2017.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "FERC Matters" and "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle""Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "IntegratedNote (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Kemper County Energy Facility" herein for additional information.
Interest Expense, Net of Amounts Capitalized
In the first quarter 2018, interest expense, net of amounts capitalized was flat compared to the corresponding period in 2017 reflecting a $12 million reduction in AFUDC debt due to the Kemper IGCC project suspension in June 2017, largely offset by a $9 million decrease in interest expense as a result of a decrease in average outstanding debt and the reversal of tax reserves in 2017 and a $3 million decrease due to the completion of Kemper IGCC carrying cost amortization in 2017.

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Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "FERC Matters" and "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for additional information regarding the Kemper IGCC.
Interest Expense, Net of Amounts Capitalized
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$2 13.3 $6 19.4
In the second quarter 2017, interest expense, net of amounts capitalized was $17 million compared to $15 million, for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, interest expense, net of amounts capitalized was $37 million compared to $31 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increases were primarily associated with the Kemper IGCC in-service assets.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for additional information.
Income Taxes (Benefit)
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$(864) N/M $(881) N/M
N/M - Not meaningful
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$23 85.2
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, income tax benefit was $881 million compared to $17 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, income tax benefit was $908$4 million compared to $27 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The changes weredecrease was primarily due to thelower estimated probable losses on the Kemper IGCC, net of the related non-deductible AFUDC equity portionin 2018 due to the Kemper IGCC project suspension. The decrease also reflects increases resulting from higher pre-tax earnings, partially offset by the reversal of tax reserves in 2017 and the related state valuation allowances.impact of the Tax Reform Legislation.
See Note (G)(H) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information.
FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL
The results of operations discussed above are not necessarily indicative of Mississippi Power's future earnings potential. The level of Mississippi Power's future earnings depends on numerous factors that affect the opportunities, challenges, and risks of Mississippi Power's business of providing electric service. These factors include Mississippi Power's ability to recover its prudently-incurred costs including those related to the remainder of the Kemper County energy facility not included in current rates, in a timely manner during a time of increasing costs and itslimited projected demand growth over the next several years. Another factor is Mississippi Power's ability to prevail against legal challenges associated with the Kemper County energy facility. Future earnings will be driven primarily by customer growth. Earnings will also depend upon maintaining and growing sales, considering, among other things, the adoption and/or penetration rates of increasingly energy-efficient technologies and increasing volumes of electronic commerce transactions.transactions, both of which could contribute to a net reduction in customer usage. Earnings are subject to a variety of other factors. These factors include weather, competition, developing new and maintaining existing energy contracts and associated load requirements with other utilities and other wholesale customers, energy conservation practiced by customers, the use of alternative energy sources by customers, the price of electricity, the price elasticity of demand, and the rate of economic growth or decline in Mississippi Power's service territory. Demand for electricity is primarily driven by economic growth. Thethe pace of economic growth and electricity demandthat may be affected by changes in regional and global economic conditions, which may impact future earnings.
Current proposals related to potential federal tax reform legislation are primarily focused on reducing the corporate income tax rate, allowing 100% of capital expenditures to be deducted, and eliminating the interest deduction. The ultimate impact of any tax reform proposals is dependent on the final form of any legislation enacted and the related

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transition rules and cannot be determined at this time, but could have a material impact on Mississippi Power's financial statements.
For additional information relating to these issues, see RISK FACTORS in Item 1A and MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL of Mississippi Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for additional information.10-K.
Environmental Matters
ComplianceMississippi Power's operations are regulated by state and federal environmental agencies through a variety of laws and regulations governing air, water, land, and protection of other natural resources. Mississippi Power maintains comprehensive environmental compliance and greenhouse gas (GHG) strategies to assess upcoming requirements and compliance costs relatedassociated with these environmental laws and regulations. The costs, including capital expenditures and operations and maintenance costs, required to federal and statecomply with environmental statuteslaws and regulations and to achieve stated goals may impact future unit retirement and replacement decisions, results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Related costs may result from the installation of additional environmental controls, closure and monitoring of CCR facilities, unit retirements, and adding or changing fuel sources for certain existing units, as well as related upgrades to the transmission system. A major portion of these costs are expected to be recovered through existing ratemaking provisions. The ultimate impact of environmental laws and regulations and the GHG goals discussed below will depend on various factors, such as state adoption and implementation of requirements, the availability and cost of any deployed control technology, and the outcome of pending and/or future legal challenges.

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New or revised environmental laws and regulations could affect many areas of Mississippi Power's operations. The impact of any such changes cannot be determined at this time. Environmental compliance costs could affect earnings if such costs cannot continue to be fully recovered in rates on a timely basis or through long-term wholesale agreements. Environmental compliance spending over the next several years may differ materially from the amounts estimated. The timing, specific requirements, and estimated costs could change as environmental statutes and regulations are adopted or modified, as compliance plans are revised or updated, and as legal challenges to rules are completed. Further, higherincreased costs that are recovered through regulated rates could contribute to reduced demand for electricity, which could negatively affect results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Additionally, many commercial and industrial customers may also be affected by existing and future environmental requirements, which for some may have the potential to ultimately affect their demand for electricity. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Environmental Matters" of Mississippi Power in Item 7 and Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Environmental Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Environmental StatutesLaws and Regulations
Water QualityCoal Combustion Residuals
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters Environmental StatutesLaws and Regulations Water Quality" Coal Combustion Residuals" of Mississippi Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the Disposal of Coal Combustion Residuals from Electric Utilities rule (CCR Rule).
Consistent with the EPA's announced plans to reconsider certain portions of the CCR Rule, on March 15, 2018, the EPA published the first of two proposed coal ash rules it plans to finalize by no later than December 2019. The impact of any changes to the CCR Rule will depend on the content of the final effluent guidelines rule and the final rule revising the regulatory definition of waters of the U.S. for all Clean Water Act (CWA) programs.
On April 25, 2017, the EPA published a notice announcing it would reconsider the effluent guidelines rule, which had been finalized in November 2015. On June 6, 2017, the EPA proposed a rule establishing a stay of the compliance deadlines for certain effluent limitations and pretreatment standards under the rule.
On June 27, 2017, the EPA and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers proposed to rescind the final rule that revised the regulatory definition of waters of the U.S. for all CWA programs. The final rule has been stayed since October 2015 by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.
The ultimate outcome of these mattersany legal challenges and cannot be determined at this time.
Global Climate Issues
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters Global Climate Issues" of Mississippi Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
On March 28,Through 2017, the U.S. President signedSouthern Company system has achieved an executive order directing agenciesestimated GHG emission reduction of 36% since 2007. In April 2018, Southern Company established an intermediate goal of a 50% reduction in carbon emissions from 2007 levels by 2030 and a long-term goal of low- to review actions that potentially burdenno-carbon operations by 2050. To achieve these goals, the Southern Company system expects to continue growing its renewable energy portfolio, optimize technology advancements to modernize its transmission and distribution systems, increase the use of natural gas for generation, invest in energy efficiency, and continue research and development efforts focused on technologies to lower GHG emissions. The Southern Company system's ability to achieve these goals also will be dependent on many external factors, including supportive national energy policies, low natural gas prices, and the development, or usedeployment, and advancement of domestically producedrelevant energy resources. The executive order specifically directs the EPA to review the Clean Power Plan and final greenhouse gas emission standards for new, modified, and reconstructed electric generating units and, if appropriate, take action to suspend, revise, or rescind those rules.
On June 1, 2017, the U.S. President announced that the United States will withdraw from the non-binding Paris Agreement and begin renegotiation of its terms.
technologies. The ultimate outcome of these mattersthis matter cannot be determined at this time.

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FERC Matters
Municipal and Rural Associations Tariff
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "FERC Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding a settlement agreement entered into by Mississippi Power regarding the establishment of a regulatory asset for Kemper IGCC-related costs. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for information regarding the Kemper IGCC.
In March 2016, Mississippi Power reached a settlement agreement with its wholesale customers, which was subsequently approved by the FERC, for an increase in wholesale base revenues under the MRA cost-based electric tariff, primarily as a result of placing scrubbers for Plant Daniel Units 1 and 2 in service in 2015. The settlement agreement became effective for services rendered beginning May 1, 2016, resulting in an estimated annual revenue increase of $7 million under the MRA cost-based electric tariff. Additionally, under the settlement agreement, the tariff customers agreed to similar regulatory treatment for MRA tariff ratemaking as the treatment approved for retail ratemaking under the In-Service Asset Rate Order. This regulatory treatment primarily includes (i) recovery of the Kemper IGCC assets currently operational and providing service to customers and other related costs, (ii) amortization of the Kemper IGCC-related regulatory assets included in rates under the settlement agreement over the 36 months ending April 30, 2019, (iii) Kemper IGCC-related expenses included in rates under the settlement agreement no longer being deferred and charged to expense, and (iv) removing all of the Kemper IGCC CWIP from rate base with a corresponding increase in accrual of AFUDC. The additional resulting AFUDC totaled approximately $22 million through the suspension of Kemper IGCC start-up activities.
See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for additional information.
Fuel Cost Recovery
Mississippi Power has a wholesale MRA and a Market Based (MB) fuel cost recovery factor. At June 30, 2017, the amount of over-recovered wholesale MRA fuel costs included in the balance sheets was $7 million compared to $13 million at December 31, 2016. Over-recovered wholesale MB fuel costs included in the balance sheets were immaterial at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "FERC Matters – Fuel Cost Recovery"Cooperative Energy Power Supply Agreement" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Market-Based Rate Authority
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "FERC Matters Market-Based Rate Authority" of Mississippi Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's market power proceeding and amendment to their market-rate tariff.Cooperative Energy's network integration transmission service agreement (NITSA) with SCS.
On May 17, 2017,March 23, 2018, the FERC accepted the traditional electric operating companies' (including Mississippi Power's)amendment to the NITSA between Cooperative Energy and Southern Power's compliance filing accepting the terms of the FERC's February 2, 2017 order regarding an amendment by the traditional electric operating companies (including Mississippi Power) and Southern Power to their market-based rate tariff. While the FERC's order references the traditional electric operating companies' (including Mississippi Power's) and Southern Power's market power proceeding, it remains a separate, ongoing matter.SCS, effective April 1, 2018.
Retail Regulatory Matters
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clauses for specific categories of costs. These separate cost recovery clauses address such items as fuel and purchased power, energy efficiency programs, ad valorem taxes, property damage, and the costs of compliance with

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environmental laws and regulations. Costs not addressed through one of the specific cost recovery clauses are expected to be recovered through Mississippi Power's base rates.
On April 10, 2018, the Mississippi PSC stated its intent to begin an operations review process for investor-owned utilities in Mississippi and instructed its legal staff and the MPUS to prepare an order and request for proposals for a review of Mississippi Power. Mississippi Power expects that the review will include its cost recovery framework and an analysis of potential participation in a regional transmission organization. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters" and "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle""Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersMississippi Power" and "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for additional information.
Renewables
Mississippi Power placed in service two solar projects in January 2017 and June 2017. A third solar project is expected to be placed in service in the third quarter 2017. Mississippi Power may retire the renewable energy credits (REC) generated on behalf of its customers or sell the RECs, separately or bundled with energy, to third parties.
On June 9, 2017, Mississippi Power submitted a CPCN to the Mississippi PSC for the approval of construction, operation, and maintenance of a 52.5-MW solar energy generating facility, which, if approved, is expected to be placed in service by January 2020. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Performance Evaluation Plan
On February 7, 2018, Mississippi Power revised its annual projected PEP filing for 2018 to reflect the impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. The revised filing requests an increase of $26 million in annual revenues, based on a performance adjusted ROE of 9.33% and an increased equity ratio of 55%. The Mississippi PSC is expected to rule on this request in mid-2018.
On March 15, 2017,22, 2018, Mississippi Power submitted its annual PEP lookback filing for 2016,2017, which reflected no surcharge or refund.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Environmental Compliance Overview Plan
On February 14, 2018, Mississippi Power submitted its ECO Plan filing for 2018, including the needeffects of the Tax Reform Legislation, which requested the maximum 2% annual increase in revenues, or approximately $17 million, primarily related to the carryforward from the prior year. Approximately $13 million of related revenue requirements in excess of the 2% maximum, along with related carrying costs, remains deferred for a $5 million surchargeinclusion in the 2019 filing. The Mississippi PSC is expected to be recovered from customers. The filing has been suspended for review by the Mississippi PSC.rule on this request in mid-2018. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Energy Efficiency
On July 6, 2017, the Mississippi PSC issued an order approving Mississippi Power's Energy Efficiency Cost Rider compliance filing, which increased annual retail revenues by approximately $2 million effective with the first billing cycle for August 2017.
Environmental Compliance Overview Plan
On May 4, 2017, the Mississippi PSC approved Mississippi Power's ECO Plan filing for 2017, which requested the maximum 2% annual increase in revenues, approximately $18 million, primarily related to the Plant Daniel Units 1 and 2 scrubbers placed in service in 2015. The rates became effective with the first billing cycle for June 2017. Approximately $26 million of related revenue requirements in excess of the 2% maximum was deferred for inclusion in the 2018 filing.
Fuel Cost Recovery
At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, the amount of over-recovered retail fuel costs included in other regulatory liabilities, current on the condensed balance sheet was $14approximately $3 million compared to $37an approximately $6 million under-recovered balance in other accounts and notes receivable at December 31, 2016.2017.
Ad Valorem Tax Adjustment
On July 6, 2017, theMarch 23, 2018, Mississippi PSC approved Mississippi Power'sPower submitted its annual ad valorem tax adjustment factor filing for 2017,2018, which included an annual rate increase of 0.85%0.8%, or $8$7 million in annual retail revenues, primarily due to increased assessments. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Integrated Coal Gasification Combined CycleKemper County Energy Facility
SeeFor additional information on the Kemper County energy facility, see Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle""Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for information regarding Mississippi Power's construction of10-K.
As the Kemper IGCC.
Kemper IGCC Overview
The Kemper IGCC was designed to utilize IGCC technology with an expected output capacity of 582 MWs and to be fueled by locally mined lignite (an abundant, lower heating value coal) from a mine owned by Mississippi Power

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and situated adjacent to the Kemper IGCC. The mine, operated by North American Coal Corporation, started commercial operation in 2013. In connection with the Kemper IGCC, Mississippi Power constructed approximately 61 miles of CO2 pipeline infrastructure for the transport of captured CO2 for use in enhanced oil recovery.
Kemper IGCC Schedule and Cost Estimate
In 2012, the Mississippi PSC issued the 2012 MPSC CPCN Order, a detailed order confirming the CPCN originally approved by the Mississippi PSC in 2010 authorizing the acquisition, construction, and operation of the Kemper IGCC. The certificated cost estimate of the Kemper IGCC included in the 2012 MPSC CPCN Order was $2.4 billion, net of $245 million of Initial DOE Grants and excluding the cost of the lignite mine and equipment, the cost of the CO2 pipeline facilities, and AFUDC related to the Kemper IGCC. The 2012 MPSC CPCN Order approved a construction cost cap of up to $2.88 billion, with recovery of prudently-incurred costs subject to approval by the Mississippi PSC. The Kemper IGCC was originally projected to be placed in service in May 2014. Mississippi Power placed the combined cycle and the associated common facilities portion of the Kemper IGCC in service in August 2014. The remainder of the plant includes the gasifiers and the gas clean-up facilities. The initial production of syngas began on July 14, 2016 for gasifier "B" and on September 13, 2016 for gasifier "A." Mississippi Power achieved integrated operation of both gasifiers on January 29, 2017, including the production of electricity from syngas in both combustion turbines. During testing, the plant produced and captured CO2, and produced sulfuric acid and ammonia, each of acceptable quality under the related off-take agreements. However, Mississippi Power experienced numerous challenges during the extended start-up process to achieve integrated operation of the gasifiers on a sustained basis. Most recently, in May 2017, after achieving these milestones, Mississippi Power determined that a critical system component, the syngas coolers, would need replacement sooner than originally planned, which would require significant lead time and significant cost. In addition, the long-term natural gas price forecast has decreased significantly and the estimated cost of operating and maintaining the facility during the first five full years of operations increased significantly since certification.
On June 21, 2017, the Mississippi PSC stated its intent to issue an order (which occurred on July 6, 2017) directing Mississippi Power to pursue a settlement under which the Kemper County energy facility would be operated as a natural gas plant, rather than an IGCC plant, and address all issues associated with the Kemper IGCC. On June 28, 2017, Mississippi Power notified the Mississippi PSC that it would begin a process to suspend operations and start-up activities on the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC, given the uncertainty as to the future of the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC. Mississippi Power expects to continue to operate the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC as it has done since August 2014.

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Mississippi Power's Kemper IGCC 2010 project estimate, cost estimate at the time of project suspension (which includes the impacts of the Mississippi Supreme Court's (Court) decision discussed herein under "Rate Recovery of Kemper IGCC Costs2013 MPSC Rate Order"), and actual costs incurred as of June 30, 2017, all of which include 100% of the costs for the Kemper IGCC, are as follows:
Cost Category
2010 Project Estimate(a)
 
Cost Estimate
at
Suspension(b)
 
June 30, 2017
Actual Costs
 (in billions)
Plant Subject to Cost Cap(c)(e)
$2.40
 $5.95
 $5.68
Lignite Mine and Equipment0.21
 0.23
 0.23
CO2 Pipeline Facilities
0.14
 0.11
 0.11
AFUDC(d)
0.17
 0.85
 0.85
Combined Cycle and Related Assets Placed in
Service – Incremental
(e)

 0.05
 0.05
General Exceptions0.05
 0.10
 0.08
Deferred Costs(e)

 0.23
 0.23
Additional DOE Grants
 (0.14) (0.14)
Total Kemper IGCC$2.97
 $7.38
 $7.09
(a)
Represents the certificated cost estimate adjusted to include the certificated estimate for the CO2 pipeline facilities approved in 2011 by the Mississippi PSC, as well as the lignite mine and equipment, AFUDC, and general exceptions.
(b)Represents actual costs through June 30, 2017 and projected costs at the time of project suspension, including estimated post-in-service costs which were expected to be subject to the cost cap.
(c)
The 2012 MPSC CPCN Order approved a construction cost cap of up to $2.88 billion, net of the Initial DOE Grants and excluding the Cost Cap Exceptions. The Cost Estimate at Suspension and the Actual Costs include non-incremental operating and maintenance costs related to the combined cycle and associated common facilities placed in service in August 2014 that are subject to the $2.88 billion cost cap and exclude post-in-service costs for the lignite mine. See "Rate Recovery of Kemper IGCC Costs2013 MPSC Rate Order" herein for additional information.
(d)
Mississippi Power's 2010 Project Estimate included recovery of financing costs during construction rather than the accrual of AFUDC. This approach was not approved by the Mississippi PSC as described in "Rate Recovery of Kemper IGCC Costs2013 MPSC Rate Order." The Cost Estimate at Suspension also reflects the impact of a settlement agreement with the wholesale customers for cost-based rates under FERC's jurisdiction. See "FERC Matters" herein for additional information.
(e)Non-capital Kemper IGCC-related costs incurred during construction were initially deferred as regulatory assets. Some of these costs are included in current rates and are being recognized through income; however, such costs remained in the Cost Estimate at Suspension and are reflected in the Actual Costs at June 30, 2017. The equity return associated with assets placed in service and other non-CWIP accounts deferred for regulatory purposes, as well as the wholesale portion of debt carrying costs, whether deferred or recognized through income, was not included in the Cost Estimate at Suspension or in the Actual Costs at June 30, 2017. At June 30, 2017, such deferred amounts totaled $33 million and $1 million, respectively.
Mississippi Power recorded pre-tax charges to income for revisions to the cost estimate of $196 million ($121 million after tax) in the second quarter through May 31, 2017 and a total of $305 million ($188 million after tax) for year-to-date through May 31, 2017. In the aggregate, Mississippi Power incurred charges of $3.07 billion ($1.89 billion after tax) as a result of changes in the cost estimate above the cost cap for the Kemper IGCC through May 31, 2017. The May 31, 2017 cost estimate included approximately $175 million of estimated costs to be incurred beyond the then-estimated in-service date of June 30, 2017 that were expected to be subject to the $2.88 billion cost cap.
While the ultimate disposition of the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC remains subject to the Mississippi PSC's jurisdiction, including the potential resolution of the matters addressed in the Kemper Settlement Order, given the Mississippi PSC's stated intent regarding no further rate increasemining permit holder for the Kemper County energy facility, cost recovery of the gasification portions is no longer probable; therefore, Mississippi Power recorded an additional charge to income in June 2017 of $2.8 billion ($2.0 billion after tax), which includes estimated costs associated with the gasification portions of the plant and lignite mine. In the event the gasification portions of the project are

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ultimately canceled, additional pre-tax costs currently estimated at approximately $100 million to $200 million are expected to be incurred.
In the aggregate, Mississippi Power recorded total pre-tax charges to income for the estimated probable losses on the Kemper IGCC totaling $3.0 billion for the second quarter 2017 and $3.1 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2017.
As of June 30, 2017, Mississippi Power has recorded a total of approximately $1.3 billion in costs associated with the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC, of which $1.2 billion is included in plant in service, $14 million in materials and supplies, $22 million in other regulatory assets, current, and $95 million in other regulatory assets, deferred.
Rate Recovery of Kemper IGCC Costs
Given the variety of potential scenarios and the uncertainty of the outcome of future regulatory proceedings with the Mississippi PSC (and any subsequent related legal challenges), the ultimate outcome of the rate recovery matters discussed herein, including the resolution of legal challenges, cannot now be determined but could result in further material charges that could have a material impact on Mississippi Power's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity.
Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket
On June 21, 2017, the Mississippi PSC stated its intent to issue an order (which occurred on July 6, 2017) directing Mississippi Power to pursue a settlement under which the Kemper County energy facility would be operated as a natural gas plant, rather than an IGCC plant, and address all issues associated with the Kemper IGCC. The Kemper Settlement Order established the Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket. The Mississippi PSC requested any such proposed settlement agreement reflect: (i) at a minimum, no rate increase to Mississippi Power customers (with a rate reduction focused on residential customers encouraged); (ii) removal of all cost risk to customers associated with the Kemper IGCC gasifier and related assets; and (iii) modification or amendment of the CPCN for the Kemper IGCC to allow only for ownership and operation of a natural gas facility. The Kemper Settlement Order provides that any related settlement agreement be filed within 45 days from the effective date of the Kemper Settlement Order. If a settlement agreement is filed, a hearing will be set 45 days from the date of the settlement's filing, and the appropriate scheduling order will be established.
Although the ability to achieve a negotiated settlement is uncertain, Mississippi Power intends to pursue any available settlement alternatives. In addition, the Kemper Settlement Order provides that, in the event a settlement agreement is not reached, the Mississippi PSC reserves its right to take any appropriate steps, including issuing an order to show cause as to why the CPCN for the Kemper IGCC should not be revoked.
On June 28, 2017, Mississippi Power notified the Mississippi PSC that it would begin a process to suspend operations and start-up activities on the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC, given the uncertainty as to the future of the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC. Mississippi Power expects to continue to operate the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC as it has done since August 2014.
At June 30, 2017, approximately $3.3 billion in actual Kemper IGCC costs were not reflected in Mississippi Power's retail and wholesale rates, of which $0.5 billion was related to the combined cycle and associated facilities and $2.8 billion was related to the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC.
While the ultimate disposition of the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC remains subject to the Mississippi PSC's jurisdiction, including the potential resolution of the matters addressed in the Kemper Settlement Order, given the Mississippi PSC's stated intent regarding no further rate increase for the Kemper County energy facility, cost recovery of the gasification portions is no longer probable; therefore, Mississippi Power recorded an additional charge to income in June 2017 of $2.8 billion ($2.0 billion after tax), which includes estimated costs associated with the gasification portions of the plant and lignite mine. In the event the gasification portions of the project are ultimately canceled, additional pre-tax costs currently estimated at approximately $100 million to $200 million are expected to be incurred.

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As of June 30, 2017, Mississippi Power has recorded a total of approximately $1.3 billion in costs associated with the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC including transmission and related regulatory assets, of which $0.8 billion is included in retail and wholesale rates. The $0.5 billion not included in current rates includes costs in excess of the original 2010 estimate for the combined cycle portion of the facility, as well as the 15% that was previously contracted to SMEPA. Mississippi Power has calculated the revenue requirements resulting from these remaining costs, using reasonable assumptions for amortization periods, and expects them to be recovered through rates consistent with the Mississippi PSC's requested settlement conditions. The ultimate outcome will be determined by the Mississippi PSC in the Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket proceedings.
Prudence
On August 17, 2016, the Mississippi PSC issued an order establishing a discovery docket to manage all filings related to the prudence of the Kemper IGCC. On October 3, 2016, Mississippi Power made a required compliance filing, which included a review and explanation of differences between the Kemper IGCC project estimate set forth in the 2010 CPCN proceedings and the most recent Kemper IGCC project estimate, as well as comparisons of current cost estimates and current expected plant operational parameters to the estimates presented in the 2010 CPCN proceedings for the first five years after the Kemper IGCC is placed in service. Compared to amounts presented in the 2010 CPCN proceedings, operations and maintenance expenses have increased an average of $105 million annually and maintenance capital has increased an average of $44 million annually for the first full five years of operations for the Kemper IGCC. Additionally, while the current estimated operational availability estimates reflect ultimate results similar to those presented in the 2010 CPCN proceedings, the ramp up period for the current estimates reflects a lower starting point and a slower escalation rate. On November 17, 2016, Mississippi Power submitted a supplemental filing to the October 3, 2016 compliance filing to present revised non-fuel operations and maintenance expense projections for the first year after the Kemper IGCC is placed in service. This supplemental filing included approximately $68 million in additional estimated operations and maintenance costs expected to be required to support the operations of the Kemper IGCC during that period.
Mississippi Power responded to numerous requests for information from interested parties in the discovery docket, which is now complete. Mississippi Power expects the Mississippi PSC to utilize this information in connection with the ultimate resolution of Kemper IGCC cost recovery.
Economic Viability Analysis
In the fourth quarter 2016, as a part of its Integrated Resource Plan process, the Southern Company system completed its regular annual updated fuel forecast, the 2017 Annual Fuel Forecast. This updated fuel forecast reflected significantly lower long-term estimated costs for natural gas than were previously projected. As a result of the updated long-term natural gas forecast, as well as the revised operating expense projections reflected in the discovery docket filings discussed above, on February 21, 2017, Mississippi Power filed an updated project economic viability analysis of the Kemper IGCC as required under the 2012 MPSC CPCN Order confirming authorization of the Kemper IGCC. The project economic viability analysis measures the life cycle economics of the Kemper IGCC compared to feasible alternatives, natural gas combined cycle generating units, under a variety of scenarios and considering fuel, operating and capital costs, and operating characteristics, as well as federal and state taxes and incentives. The reduction in the projected long-term natural gas prices in the 2017 Annual Fuel Forecast and, to a lesser extent, the increase in the estimated Kemper IGCC operating costs, negatively impact the updated project economic viability analysis.
Mississippi Power expects the Mississippi PSC to address this matter in connection with the Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket.
2015 Rate Case
On August 13, 2015, the Mississippi PSC approved Mississippi Power's request for interim rates, which presented an alternative rate proposal (In-Service Asset Proposal) designed to recover Mississippi Power's costs associated with the Kemper IGCC assets that are commercially operational and currently providing service to customers (the

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transmission facilities, combined cycle, natural gas pipeline, and water pipeline) and other related costs. The interim rates were designed to collect approximately $159 million annually and became effective in September 2015, subject to refund and certain other conditions.
On December 3, 2015, the Mississippi PSC issued the In-Service Asset Rate Order adopting in full the 2015 Stipulation entered into between Mississippi Power and the MPUS regarding the In-Service Asset Proposal. The In-Service Asset Rate Order provided for retail rate recovery of an annual revenue requirement of approximately $126 million, based on Mississippi Power's actual average capital structure, with a maximum common equity percentage of 49.733%, a 9.225% return on common equity, and actual embedded interest costs. The In-Service Asset Rate Order also included a prudence finding of all costs in the stipulated revenue requirement calculation for the in-service assets. The stipulated revenue requirement excluded the costs of the Kemper IGCC related to the 15% undivided interest that was previously projected to be purchased by SMEPA but reserved Mississippi Power's right to seek recovery in a future proceeding. See "Termination of Proposed Sale of Undivided Interest" herein for additional information. With implementation of the new rates on December 17, 2015, the interim rates were terminated and, in March 2016, Mississippi Power completed customer refunds of approximately $11 million for the difference between the interim rates collected and the permanent rates.
In 2011, the Mississippi PSC authorized Mississippi Power to defer all non-capital Kemper IGCC-related costs to a regulatory asset through the in-service date. In connection with the implementation of the In-Service Asset Order and wholesale rates, Mississippi Power began expensing certain ongoing project costs and certain retail debt carrying costs that previously were deferred and began amortizing certain regulatory assets associated with assets placed in service and consulting and legal fees. The amortization periods for these regulatory assets vary from two years to 10 years as set forth in the In-Service Asset Rate Order and the settlement agreement with wholesale customers. As of June 30, 2017, the balance associated with these regulatory assets was $117 million, of which $22 million is included in current assets. See "FERC Matters" herein for additional information related to the 2016 settlement agreement with wholesale customers.
The In-Service Asset Rate Order requires Mississippi Power to submit an annual true-up calculation of its actual cost of capital, compared to the stipulated total cost of capital, with the first occurring as of May 31, 2016. At June 30, 2017, Mississippi Power's related regulatory liability included in its balance sheet totaled approximately $10 million.
As required by the In-Service Asset Rate Order, on June 5, 2017, Mississippi Power made a rate filing requesting to adjust the amortization schedules of the regulatory assets reviewed and determined prudent in the In-Service Asset Order in a manner that would not change customer rates or annual revenues. On June 28, 2017, the Mississippi PSC suspended this filing. On July 6, 2017, the Mississippi PSC issued an order requiring Mississippi Power to establish a regulatory liability account to maintain current rates related to the Kemper IGCC following the July 2017 completion of the amortization period for certain regulatory assets approved in the In-Service Asset Rate Order that would allow for subsequent refund if the Mississippi PSC deems the rates unjust and unreasonable.
2013 MPSC Rate Order
In January 2013, Mississippi Power entered into a settlement agreement with the Mississippi PSC that was intended to establish the process for resolving matters regarding cost recovery related to the Kemper IGCC (2013 Settlement Agreement). Under the 2013 Settlement Agreement, Mississippi Power agreed to limit the portion of prudently-incurred Kemper IGCC costs to be included in retail rate base to the $2.4 billion certificated cost estimate, plus the Cost Cap Exceptions, but excluding AFUDC, and any other costs permitted or determined to be excluded from the $2.88 billion cost cap by the Mississippi PSC. In March 2013, the Mississippi PSC issued a rate order approving retail rate increases of 15% effective March 19, 2013 and 3% effective January 1, 2014, which collectively were designed to collect $156 million annually beginning in 2014 (2013 MPSC Rate Order) to be used to mitigate customer rate impacts after the Kemper IGCC was placed in service, based on a mirror CWIP methodology (Mirror CWIP rate).

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On February 12, 2015, the Court reversed the 2013 MPSC Rate Order and, on July 7, 2015, the Mississippi PSC ordered that the Mirror CWIP rate be terminated effective July 20, 2015 and required the fourth quarter 2015 refund of the $342 million previously collected, along with associated carrying costs of $29 million.
Because the 2013 MPSC Rate Order did not provide for the inclusion of CWIP in rate base as permitted by the Baseload Act, Mississippi Power continued to record AFUDC on the Kemper IGCC. Between the original May 2014 estimated in-service date and the June 2017 project suspension date, Mississippi Power recorded $493 million of AFUDC on the Kemper IGCC subject to the $2.88 billion cost cap and Cost Cap Exception amounts, of which $459 million related to the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC.
Mississippi Power expects the Mississippi PSC to address this matter in connection with the Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket.
Lignite Mine and CO2 Pipeline Facilities
In conjunction with the Kemper IGCC, Mississippi Power owns the lignite mine and equipment and mineral reserves located around the Kemper IGCC site. The mine started commercial operation in June 2013.
In 2010, Mississippi Power executed a 40-year management fee contract with Liberty Fuels Company, LLC (Liberty Fuels), a wholly-owned subsidiary of The North American Coal Corporation, which developed, constructed, and is responsible for the mining operations through the end of the mine reclamation. As the mining permit holder, Liberty Fuels has a legal obligation to perform mine reclamation, and Mississippi Power has a contractual obligation to fund all reclamation activities. In addition toMine reclamation began in the obligation to fund the reclamation activities, Mississippi Power provides working capital support to Liberty Fuels through cash advances for capital purchases, payroll, and other operating expenses.first quarter 2018. See Note 1 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Asset Retirement Obligations and Other Costs of Removal" and "Variable Interest Entities" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
In addition, Mississippi Power constructed the CO2 pipeline for the planned transport of captured CO2 for use in enhanced oil recovery. Mississippi Power entered into agreements with Denbury Onshore (Denbury) and Treetop Midstream Services, LLC (Treetop), pursuant to which Denbury would purchase 70% of the CO2 captured from the Kemper IGCC and Treetop would purchase 30% of the CO2 captured from the Kemper IGCC. On June 3, 2016, Mississippi Power cancelled its contract with Treetop and amended its contract with Denbury to reflect, among other things, Denbury's agreement to purchase 100% of the CO2 captured from the Kemper IGCC and an initial contract term of 16 years. Denbury has the right to terminate the contract at any time because Mississippi Power did not place the Kemper IGCC in service by July 1, 2017.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Termination of Proposed Sale of Undivided Interest
In 2010 and as amended in 2012, Mississippi Power and SMEPA entered into an agreement whereby SMEPA agreed to purchase a 15% undivided interest in the Kemper IGCC (15% Undivided Interest). On May 20, 2015, SMEPA notified Mississippi Power of its termination of the agreement. Mississippi Power previously received a total of $275 million of deposits from SMEPA that were required to be returned to SMEPA with interest. On June 3, 2015, Southern Company, pursuant to its guarantee obligation, returned approximately $301 million to SMEPA. Subsequently, Mississippi Power issued a promissory note in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $301 million to Southern Company, which was repaid in June 2017.
Litigation
On April 26, 2016, a complaint against Mississippi Power was filed in Harrison County Circuit Court (Circuit Court) by Biloxi Freezing & Processing Inc., Gulfside Casino Partnership, and John Carlton Dean, which was amended and refiled on July 11, 2016 to include, among other things, Southern Company as a defendant. The individual plaintiff alleges that Mississippi Power and Southern Company violated the Mississippi Unfair Trade Practices Act. All plaintiffs have alleged that Mississippi Power and Southern Company concealed, falsely

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represented,During the first quarter 2018, Mississippi Power recorded charges to income of $44 million ($33 million after tax), primarily resulting from the abandonment and failed to fully disclose important facts concerningrelated closure activities for the costmine and schedule ofgasifier-related assets at the Kemper IGCCCounty energy facility. Additional closure costs for the mine and that these alleged breaches have unjustly enriched Mississippi Powergasifier-related assets, including ash disposal, currently estimated to cost up to $50 million pre-tax (excluding salvage), are expected to be incurred during the remainder of 2018 and Southern Company. The plaintiffs seek unspecified actual damages2019. In addition, period costs, including, but not limited to, costs for compliance and punitive damages; asksafety, ARO accretion, and property taxes for the Circuit Court to appoint a receiver to oversee, operate, manage,mine and otherwise control all affairs relating togasifier-related assets, are estimated at $4 million for the Kemper IGCC; ask the Circuit Court to revoke any licenses or certificates authorizing Mississippi Power or Southern Company to engage in any business related to the Kemper IGCC in Mississippi; and seek attorney's fees, costs, and interest. The plaintiffs also seek an injunction to prevent any Kemper IGCC costs from being charged to customers through electric rates. On June 23, 2017, the Circuit Court ruled in favorremainder of motions by Southern Company and Mississippi Power and dismissed the case. On July 7, 2017, the plaintiffs filed notice to appeal to the Court.
On June 9, 2016, Treetop, Greenleaf CO2 Solutions, LLC (Greenleaf), Tenrgys, LLC, Tellus Energy, LLC, WCOA, LLC, and Tellus Operating Group filed a complaint against Mississippi Power, Southern Company, and SCS in the state court in Gwinnett County, Georgia. The complaint relates to the cancelled CO2 contract with Treetop and alleges fraudulent misrepresentation, fraudulent concealment, civil conspiracy, and breach of contract on the part of Mississippi Power, Southern Company, and SCS and seeks compensatory damages of $100 million, as well as unspecified punitive damages. Southern Company, Mississippi Power, and SCS have moved to compel arbitration pursuant to the terms of the CO2 contract, which the court granted on May 4, 2017. On June 28, 2017, Treetop, Greenleaf, Tenrgys, LLC, Tellus Energy, LLC, WCOA, LLC, and Tellus Operating Group filed a claim for arbitration requesting $5002018, $4 million in damages.
Mississippi Power believes these legal challenges have no merit; however, an adverse outcome2019, and $1 million annually beginning in these proceedings could have a material impact on Mississippi Power's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity. Mississippi Power will vigorously defend itself in these matters, and the2020. The ultimate outcome of these mattersthis matter cannot be determined at this time.
Baseload Act
In 2008, the Baseload Act was signed by the Governor of Mississippi. The Baseload Act authorizes, but does not require, the Mississippi PSC to adopt a cost recovery mechanism that includes in retail base rates, prior tocombined cycle and during construction, all or a portionassociated common facilities portions of the prudently-incurred pre-construction and construction costs incurred by a utility in constructing a base load electric generating plant. Prior to the passage of the Baseload Act, such costs would traditionally be recovered only after the plant was placed in service. The Baseload Act also provides for periodic prudence reviews by the Mississippi PSC and prohibits the cancellation of any such generating plant without the approval of the Mississippi PSC. In the event of cancellation of the construction of the plant without approval of the Mississippi PSC, the Baseload Act authorizes the Mississippi PSC to make a public interest determinationKemper County energy facility were dedicated as to whether and to what extent the utility will be afforded rate recovery for costs incurred in connection with such cancelled generating plant.Plant Ratcliffe on April 27, 2018.
Income Tax Matters
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters" of Mississippi Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and Note (G) to the Condensed Financial Statements under FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Credit Rating Risk,"Section 174 Research and Experimental Deduction" herein for additional information on bonus depreciation, investment tax credits, and the Section 174 research and experimental deduction.
Bonus Depreciation
Approximately $370 million of positive cash flows is expected to result from bonus depreciation for the 2017 tax year, but may not all be realized in 2017 due to net operating loss projections for the 2017 tax year, and is dependent upon placing the remainder of the Kemper IGCC in service by December 31, 2017. If the suspension of the Kemper IGCC start-up activities results in an abandonment, any amount previously estimated as bonus depreciation would be claimed as a deduction under IRC Section 165. As of June 30, 2017, $82 million has been received through quarterly income tax refunds for bonus depreciation related to the Kemper IGCC, which may be subject to repayment. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined

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Cycle" herein"Regulatory Matters – Mississippi Power," and Note (G)(H) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.information regarding the Tax Reform Legislation and related regulatory actions.
Section 174 Research and Experimental Deduction
Southern Company, on behalf of Mississippi Power, has reflected deductions for research and experimental (R&E) expenditures related to the Kemper IGCC in its federal income tax calculations since 2013 and filed amended federal income tax returns for 2008 through 2013 to also include such deductions. In December 2016, Southern Company and the IRS reached a proposed settlement, subject to approval of the U.S. Congress Joint Committee on Taxation, resolving a methodology for these deductions. Due to the uncertainty related to this tax position, Mississippi Power had unrecognized tax benefits associated with these R&E deductions totaling approximately $464 million as of June 30, 2017. If the suspension of the Kemper IGCC start-up activities results in an abandonment, any amount not allowed under IRC Section 174 would be claimed as a deduction under IRC Section 165, and would result in a reversal of the related unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest. See Notes (B) and (G) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" and "Section 174 Research and Experimental Deduction," respectively, herein for additional information. This matter is expected to be resolved in the next 12 months; however, the ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Other Matters
Mississippi Power is involved in various other matters being litigated and regulatory matters that could affect future earnings. In addition, Mississippi Power is subject to certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. Mississippi Power's business activities are subject to extensive governmental regulation related to public health and the environment, such as regulation of air emissions and water discharges. Litigation over environmental issues and claims of various types, including property damage, personal injury, common law nuisance, and citizen enforcement of environmental requirements, such as standards for air, qualitywater, land, and water standards,protection of other natural resources, has occurred throughout the U.S. This litigation has included claims for damages alleged to have been caused by CO2 and other emissions, CCR, and alleged exposure to hazardous materials, and/or requests for injunctive relief in connection with such matters.
TheultimateoutcomeofsuchpendingorpotentiallitigationagainstMississippi Power or regulatory matters cannotbepredictedatthistime;however,forcurrentproceedingsnotspecificallyreportedinNote(B)totheCondensedFinancialStatementsherein,management does not anticipate that the ultimate liabilities, if any, arising from such current proceedings would have a material effect on Mississippi Power's financial statements. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for a discussion of various other contingencies, regulatory matters, and other matters being litigated which may affect future earnings potential.
Litigation
In 2016, a complaint against Mississippi Power was filed in Harrison County Circuit Court (Circuit Court) by Biloxi Freezing & Processing Inc., Gulfside Casino Partnership, and John Carlton Dean, which was amended and refiled to include, among other things, Southern Company as a defendant. The SEC is conductingindividual plaintiff alleges that Mississippi Power and Southern Company violated the Mississippi Unfair Trade Practices Act. All plaintiffs have alleged that Mississippi Power and Southern Company concealed, falsely represented, and failed to fully disclose important facts concerning the cost and schedule of the Kemper County energy facility and that these alleged breaches have unjustly enriched Mississippi Power and Southern Company. The plaintiffs seek unspecified actual damages and punitive damages; ask the Circuit Court to appoint a formal investigationreceiver to oversee, operate, manage, and otherwise control all affairs relating to the Kemper County energy facility; ask the Circuit Court to revoke any licenses or certificates authorizing Mississippi Power or Southern Company to engage in any business related to the Kemper County energy facility in Mississippi; and seek attorney's fees, costs, and interest. The plaintiffs also seek an injunction to prevent any Kemper County energy facility costs from being charged to customers through electric rates. In June 2017, the Circuit Court ruled in favor of motions by Southern Company and Mississippi Power concerningand dismissed the estimated costs and expected in-service date

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case. In July 2017, the Kemper IGCC. Southern Company andplaintiffs filed notice of an appeal. Mississippi Power believebelieves this legal challenge has no merit; however, an adverse outcome in this proceeding could have a material impact on Mississippi Power's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity. Mississippi Power intends to vigorously defend itself in this matter and the investigation is focused primarily on periods subsequent to 2010 and on accounting matters, disclosure controls and procedures, and internal controls over financial reporting associated with the Kemper IGCC. See ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" herein for additional information on the Kemper IGCC. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time; however, it is not expected to have a material impact on the financial statements of Mississippi Power.time.
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Mississippi Power prepares its financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power in Item 8 of the Form 10-K. In the application of these policies, certain estimates are made that may have a material impact on Mississippi Power's results of operations and related disclosures. Different assumptions and measurements could produce estimates that are significantly different from those recorded in the financial statements. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" of Mississippi Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a complete discussion of Mississippi Power's critical accounting policies and estimates.
Kemper County Energy Facility Closure Costs
During the first quarter 2018, Mississippi Power recorded charges to income of $44 million ($33 million after tax), primarily resulting from the abandonment and related closure activities for the mine and gasifier-related assets at the Kemper County energy facility. Additional closure costs for the mine and gasifier-related assets, including ash disposal, currently estimated to cost up to $50 million pre-tax (excluding salvage), are expected to be incurred during the remainder of 2018 and 2019. In addition, period costs, including, but not limited to, costs for compliance and safety, ARO accretion, and property taxes for the mine and gasifier-related assets, are estimated at $4 million for the remainder of 2018, $4 million in 2019, and $1 million annually beginning in 2020. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Kemper County Energy Facility" herein for additional information.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" of Mississippi Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). See Note (A) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding Mississippi Power's recently adopted accounting standards.
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY
Overview
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Overview" of Mississippi Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Mississippi Power's cash requirements primarily consist of funding ongoing operations, capital expenditures, and debt maturities. Capital expenditures and other investing activities include investments to maintain existing generation facilities, to comply with environmental regulations including adding environmental modifications to certain existing generating units, to expand and improve transmission and distribution facilities, and for restoration following major storms.
In March 2018, Mississippi Power issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2018A Floating Rate Senior Notes due March 27, 2020 bearing interest based on three-month LIBOR and $300 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2018B 3.95% Senior Notes due March 30, 2028. In March 2018, Mississippi Power also

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Mississippi Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K forentered into a complete discussion of Mississippi Power's critical accounting policies and estimates related to Utility Regulation, Asset Retirement Obligations, Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits, AFUDC, Unbilled Revenues, and Contingent Obligations.
Kemper IGCC Rate Recovery
For periods prior to the second quarter 2017, significant accounting estimates included Kemper IGCC estimated construction costs, project completion date, and$300 million short-term floating rate recovery. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Kemper IGCC Estimated Construction Costs, Project Completion Date, and Rate Recovery" of Mississippi Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information. Mississippi Power recorded total pre-tax charges to income related to the Kemper IGCC of $428 million ($264 million after tax) in 2016, $365 million ($226 million after tax) in 2015, $868 million ($536 million after tax) in 2014, and $1.2 billion ($729 million after tax) in prior years.
As a result of the Mississippi PSC's June 21, 2017 stated intent to issue an order (which occurredbank loan bearing interest based on July 6, 2017) directing Mississippi Power to pursue a settlement under which the Kemper County energy facility would be operated as a natural gas plant rather than an IGCC plant, as well as Mississippi Power's June 28, 2017 suspension of the operation and start-up of the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC, the estimated construction costs and project completion date are no longer considered significant accounting estimates. Significant accounting estimates for the June 30, 2017 financial statements presented herein include the overall assessment of rate recovery for the Kemper County energy facility and the estimated costs for the potential cancellation of the Kemper IGCC.
While the ultimate disposition of the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC remains subject to the Mississippi PSC's jurisdiction, including the potential resolution of the matters addressed in the Kemper Settlement Order, given the Mississippi PSC's stated intent regarding no further rate increase for the Kemper County energy facility, cost recovery of the gasification portions is no longer probable; therefore, Mississippi Power recorded an additional charge to income in June 2017 of $2.8 billion ($2.0 billion after tax), which includes estimated costs associated with the gasification portions of the plant and lignite mine. In the event the gasification portions of the project are ultimately canceled, additional pre-tax costs currently estimated at approximately $100 million to $200 million are expected to be incurred.
As of June 30, 2017, Mississippi Power has recorded a total of approximately $1.3 billion in costs associated with the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC including transmission and related regulatory assets,one-month LIBOR, of which $0.8 billion is included in retail and wholesale rates. The $0.5 billion not included in current rates includes costs in excess of the original 2010 estimate for the combined cycle portion of the facility, as well as the 15% that$125 million was previously contractedrepaid subsequent to SMEPA. Mississippi Power has calculated the revenue requirements resulting from these remaining costs, using reasonable assumptions for amortization periods, and expects them to be recovered through rates consistent with the Mississippi PSC's requested settlement conditions. The ultimate outcome will be determined by the Mississippi PSC in the Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket proceedings.
In the aggregate, since the Kemper IGCC project started, Mississippi Power has incurred charges of $5.96 billion ($3.94 billion after tax) through June 30, 2017. Mississippi Power recorded total pre-tax charges to income for the estimated probable losses on the Kemper IGCC of $3.0 billion ($2.1 billion after tax) and $81 million ($50 million after tax) in the second quarter 2017 and the second quarter 2016, respectively, and total pre-tax charges of $3.1 billion ($2.2 billion after tax) and $134 million ($83 million after tax) year-to-date in 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Given the significant judgment involved in estimating the costs to cancel the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC, the ultimate rate recovery for the Kemper IGCC, including the $0.5 billion of combined cycle-related costs not yet in rates, and the impact on Mississippi Power's results of operations, Mississippi Power considers these items to be critical accounting estimates. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for additional information.

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Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In 2014, the FASB issued ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), replacing the existing accounting standard and industry specific guidance for revenue recognition with a five-step model for recognizing and measuring revenue from contracts with customers. The underlying principle of the standard is to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at the amount expected to be collected. The new standard also requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows arising from contracts with customers.
While Mississippi Power expects most of its revenue to be included in the scope of ASC 606, it has not fully completed its evaluation of all revenue arrangements. The majority of Mississippi Power's revenue, including energy provided to customers, is from tariff offerings that provide electricity without a defined contractual term, as well as longer-term contractual commitments, including PPAs. Mississippi Power expects that the revenue from contracts with these customers will not result in a significant shift in the timing of revenue recognition for such sales.
Mississippi Power's ongoing evaluation of other revenue streams and related contracts includes unregulated sales to customers. Some revenue arrangements, such as alternative revenue programs, are excluded from the scope of ASC 606 and, therefore, will be accounted for and disclosed or presented separately from revenues under ASC 606 on Mississippi Power's financial statements, if material. In addition, the power and utilities industry continues to evaluate other specific industry issues, including the applicability of ASC 606 to contributions in aid of construction (CIAC). Although final implementation guidance has not been issued, Mississippi Power expects CIAC to be out of the scope of ASC 606.
The new standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Mississippi Power intends to use the modified retrospective method of adoption effective January 1,March 31, 2018. Mississippi Power has also electedused the proceeds from these financings to utilize practical expedients which allow it to applyrepay the standard to open contracts at the date of adoption and to reflect the aggregate effect of all modifications when identifying performance obligations and allocating the transaction price for contracts modified before the effective date. Under the modified retrospective method of adoption, prior year reported results are not restated; however, a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings at January 1, 2018 is recorded. In addition, disclosures will include comparative information on 2018 financial statement line items under current guidance. While the adoption of ASC 606, including the cumulative-effect adjustment, is not expected to have a material impact on either the timing orentire $900 million principal amount of revenues recognized in Mississippi Power's financial statements, Mississippi Power will continue to evaluate the requirements, as well as any additional clarifying guidance that may be issued.its unsecured term loan.
On March 10, 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (ASU 2017-07). ASU 2017-07 requires that an employer report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs and requires the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs to be separately presented in the income statement outside income from operations. Additionally, only the service cost component is eligible for capitalization, when applicable. However, all cost components remain eligible for capitalization under FERC regulations. ASU 2017-07 will be applied retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost component and the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in the income statement. The capitalization of the service cost component of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in assets will be applied on a prospective basis. ASU 2017-07 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods. Mississippi Power is currently evaluating the new standard. The presentation changes required for net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs will result in a decrease in Mississippi Power's operating income and an increase in other income for 2016 and 2017 and are expected to result in a decrease in operating income and an increase in other income for 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-07 is not expected to have a material impact on Mississippi Power's financial statements.

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FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY
Overview
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Overview" of Mississippi Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for additional information. Earnings for the six months ended June 30, 2017 were negatively affected by revisions to the cost estimate for the Kemper IGCC.
Mississippi Power's capital expenditures and debt maturities are expected to materially exceed operating cash flows through 2022. Projected capital expenditures in that period include investments to maintain existing generation facilities, to add environmental modifications to existing generating units, and to expand and improve transmission and distribution facilities.
In the second quarter 2017, Mississippi Power borrowed an additional $40 million under a promissory note issued to Southern Company. In June 2017, Southern Company made equity contributions totaling $1.0 billion to Mississippi Power. Mississippi Power used a portion of the proceeds to prepay $901 million of outstanding debt.
As of June 30, 2017, Mississippi Power's current liabilities exceeded current assets by approximately $930 million primarily due to $935 million in long-term debt that matures within the next 12 months and $107 million of short-term debt. Mississippi Power intends to utilize operating cash flows, lines of credit, and bank term loans, as market conditions permit, as well as, under certain circumstances, commercial paper and/or equity contributions and/or loans from Southern Company to fund Mississippi Power's short-term capital needs.
Net cash provided fromused for operating activities totaled $135$62 million for the first sixthree months of 2017, a decrease2018, an increase of $2$22 million as compared to the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The decreaseincrease in cash provided fromused for operating activities is primarily due to lowerthe timing of collections of receivables and payments of taxes other than income taxes, partially offset by a decrease in income taxes related to the Kemper IGCC, the timing of payments for ad valorem taxes and materials and supplies,County energy facility and the timing of payments received from affiliates and customers, partially offset by the completion of Mirror CWIP refunds in 2016. See Notes (B) and (G) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined CycleRate Recovery of Kemper IGCC Costs" and "Unrecognized Tax BenefitsSection 174 Research and Experimental Deduction" herein for additional information.Reform Legislation. Net cash used for investing activities totaled $361$52 million for the first sixthree months of 20172018 primarily due to gross property additions related to the Kemper IGCC.steam production, distribution, and transmission. Net cash provided fromused for financing activities totaled $142$9 million for the first sixthree months of 20172018 primarily due to capital contributions from Southern Company, offset by redemptions of long-term debt.debt, offset by the issuance of senior notes and short-term borrowings. Cash flows from financing activities vary from period to period based on capital needs and the maturity or redemption of securities.
Significant balance sheet changes for the first sixthree months of 20172018 include an increaseincreases of $470 million in paid-in capital of $1.0 billion due to capital contributions from Southern Company, a portion of which was used to repay $300 million of securities due within one year, $591 million of long-term debt and $10 million of short-term debt. Long-term debt decreased primarily due to the reclassificationissuance of $1.2 billionsenior notes and $296 million in unsecured term loansnotes payable primarily due to securities due within one year.the issuance of a short-term bank loan. Other significant changes include decreasesan increase of $2.5 billion$140 million in construction work in progress, $1.1 billion in total common stockholder's equity, $352income taxes receivable and a decrease of $149 million in accumulated deferred income taxes, and $300primarily due to tax refunds expected in 2018, as well as a decrease of $775 million in deferred charges related to income taxes. All of these changes primarily result from the Kemper IGCC estimated loss. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" and Note (B)securities due within one year due to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for additional information.repayment of a $900 million unsecured term loan.
Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" of Mississippi Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a description of Mississippi Power's capital requirements for its construction program, including estimated capital expenditures for new generating resources and to comply with existing environmental statutes and regulations, scheduled maturities of long-term debt, as well as related interest, leases, purchase commitments, derivative

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obligations, preferred stock dividends, trust funding requirements, and unrecognized tax benefits.contractual obligations. Approximately $935$125 million will be required through June 30, 2018March 31, 2019 to fund maturities of long-term debt and $17$300 million will be required to fund maturities of short-term debt. In addition, Mississippi Power has $40 million of tax-exempt variable rate demand obligations that are supported by short-term credit facilities and $50 million of fixedindex rate pollution control revenue bonds that are required to be remarketed over the next 12 months. See "Sources of Capital" and FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for additional information.
The construction program of Mississippi Power is currently estimated to be $561 million for 2017, $192 million for 2018, $182 million for 2019, $235 million for 2020, $199 million for 2021, and $245 million for 2022. These estimated expenditures do not include potential compliance costs that may arise from the EPA's final rules and guidelines or future state plans that would limit CO2 emissions from existing, new, modified, or reconstructed fossil-fuel-fired electric generating units.
The construction program is subject to periodic review and revision, and actual construction costs may vary from these estimates because of numerous factors. These factors include: changes in business conditions; changes in load projections; storm impacts; changes in environmental statuteslaws and regulations; the outcome of any legal challenges to the environmental rules; changes in generating plants, including unit retirements and replacements and adding or changing fuel sources at existing electric generating units, to meet regulatory requirements; changes in FERC rules and regulations; Mississippi PSC approvals; changes in the expected environmental compliance program; changes in legislation; the cost and efficiency of construction labor, equipment, and materials; project scope and design changes; and the cost of capital. In addition, there can be no assurance that costs related to capital expenditures will be fully recovered.
Sources of Capital
Mississippi Power plans to obtain the funds required for construction and other purposes from operating cash flows, lines of credit, bank term loans, external security issuances, term loans, and/or short-term debt, as well as, under certain circumstances,commercial paper (to the extent it is eligible to participate), monetization of income tax deductions associated with the abandonment of the gasifier portion of the Kemper County energy facility, and equity contributions and/or loans from Southern Company. The amount, type, and timing of future financings will depend upon regulatory approval, prevailing market conditions, and other factors, which includes resolution of the Kemper County energy facility cost recovery.factors. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" and – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle – Rate Recovery of Kemper IGCC Costs" of Mississippi Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
On February 28, 2017, the maturity dates for $551 million in promissory notes to Southern Company were extended to July 31, 2018. In the second quarter 2017, Mississippi Power borrowed an additional $40 million under a promissory note issued to Southern Company. In June 2017, Southern Company made equity contributions totaling $1.0 billion to Mississippi Power. Mississippi Power used a portion of the proceeds to (i) prepay $300 million of the outstanding principal amount under its $1.2 billion unsecured term loan; (ii) repay all of the $591 million outstanding principal amount of promissory notes to Southern Company; and (iii) repay $10 million of the outstanding principal amount of bank loans.
As of June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Mississippi Power's current liabilities exceeded current assets by approximately $930$291 million primarily due to $935 million in long-term debt that matures within the next 12 months and $107as a result of $425 million of short-term debt.debt maturities. Mississippi Power intends to utilize operating cash flows, lines of credit,continue to monitor its access to short-term and bank term loans, as market conditions permit,long-term capital markets as well as under certain circumstances, commercial paper and/or equity contributions and/or loans from Southern Companyits bank credit arrangements to fund Mississippi Power's short-termmeet future capital needs. Specifically, Mississippi Power has been informed by Southern Company that in the event sufficient funds are not available from external sources, Southern Company intends to provide Mississippi Power with loans and/or equity contributions sufficient to fund the remaining indebtedness scheduled to mature and other cash needs over the next 12 months. Therefore, Mississippi Power's financial statement presentation contemplates continuation of Mississippi Power as a going concern as a result of Southern Company's anticipated ongoing financial support of Mississippi Power. For additional information, see Notes 1 and 6 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Recently Issuedliquidity needs.

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Accounting Standards" and "Going Concern," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (E) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Going Concern" herein.
At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Mississippi Power had approximately $140$125 million of cash and cash equivalents. Committed credit arrangements with banks at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 were as follows:
ExpiresExpires   
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2017 Total Unused 
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Years
 
Term
Out
 
No Term
Out
20182018 Total Unused 
One
Year
 
Two
Years
 
Term
Out
 
No Term
Out
(in millions)
$113
 $113
 $100
 $
 $13
 $13
 $100
100
 $100
 $100
 $
 $
 $
 $100
See Note 6 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Bank Credit Arrangements" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (E)(F) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Bank Credit Arrangements" herein for additional information.
MostAll of these bank credit arrangements, as well as Mississippi Power's term loan agreement, contain covenants that limit debt levels and typically contain cross acceleration to other indebtedness (including guarantee obligations) of Mississippi Power. Such cross-acceleration provisions to other indebtedness would trigger an event of default if Mississippi Power defaulted on indebtedness, the payment of which was then accelerated. At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Mississippi Power was in compliance with all such covenants. None of the bank credit arrangements contain material adverse change clauses at the time of borrowing.
Subject to applicable market conditions, Mississippi Power expects to seek to renew or replace its credit arrangements as needed, prior to expiration. In connection therewith, Mississippi Power may extend the maturity dates and/or increase or decrease the lending commitments thereunder.
A portion of the $100 million unused credit arrangements with banks is allocated to provide liquidity support to Mississippi Power's pollution control revenue bonds. The amount of variable rate pollution control revenue bonds outstanding requiring liquidity support as of June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 was approximately $40 million. In addition, at June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Mississippi Power had approximately $50 million of fixedindex rate pollution controlrevenue bonds outstanding that were required to be remarketed within the next 12 months.
Short-term borrowings are included in notes payable in the balance sheets. Details of short-term borrowings were as follows:
  
Short-term Debt at
June 30, 2017
 
Short-term Debt During the Period(*)
  
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Average
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Maximum
Amount
Outstanding
  (in millions)   (in millions)   (in millions)
Short-term bank debt $17
 2.9% $29
 3.1% $36
  Short-term Debt at March 31, 2018 
Short-term Debt During the Period(*)
  
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Average
Amount
Outstanding
 
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate
 
Maximum
Amount
Outstanding
  (in millions)   (in millions)   (in millions)
Short-term bank debt $300
 3.6% $10
 3.6% $300
(*)Average and maximum amounts are based upon daily balances during the three-month period ended June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018.
Credit Rating Risk
At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Mississippi Power does not have any credit arrangements that would require material changes in payment schedules or terminations as a result of a credit rating downgrade.
In October 2017, Mississippi Power executed agreements with its largest retail customer, Chevron, to continue providing retail service to the Chevron refinery in Pascagoula, Mississippi through 2038. The agreements grant Chevron a security interest in the co-generation assets, with a net book value of approximately $92 million, located at the refinery that is exercisable upon the occurrence of (i) certain bankruptcy events or (ii) other events of default

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

coupled with specific reductions in steam output at the facility and a downgrade of Mississippi Power's credit rating to below investment grade by two of the three rating agencies.
There are certain contracts that have required or could require collateral, but not accelerated payment, in the event of a credit rating change to BBB and/or Baa2 or below. These contracts are for physical electricity purchases and

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FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

sales, fuel transportation and storage, energy price risk management, and transmission. At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, the maximum potential collateral requirements under these contracts at a rating of BBB and/or Baa2 or BBB- and/or Baa3 was not material. The maximum potential collateral requirements at a rating below BBB- and/or Baa3 equaled approximately $243$198 million.
Included in these amounts are certain agreements that could require collateral in the event that Alabama Power or Georgia Power has a credit rating change to below investment grade. Generally, collateral may be provided by a Southern Company guaranty, letter of credit, or cash. Additionally, a credit rating downgrade could impact the ability of Mississippi Power to access capital markets, and would be likely to impactor at a minimum the cost at which it does so.
On February 26, 2018, Moody's revised its rating outlook for Mississippi Power from stable to positive.
On March 1, 2017, Moody's downgraded14, 2018, S&P upgraded the senior unsecured long-term debt rating of Mississippi Power to Ba1A- from Baa3.BBB+ with a negative outlook.
On March 24, 2017, S&P revised its consolidatedWhile it is unclear how the credit rating outlook foragencies, the FERC, and the Mississippi PSC may respond to the Tax Reform Legislation, certain financial metrics, such as the funds from operations to debt percentage, used by the credit rating agencies to assess Southern Company and its subsidiaries, (includingincluding Mississippi Power) from stablePower, may be negatively impacted. To help mitigate the resulting impacts, Mississippi Power has proposed to negative.
On March 30, 2017, Fitch placedincrease its equity ratio to 55%. See Note 3 to the ratingsfinancial statements of Mississippi Power on rating watch negative.
On June 22, 2017, Moody's placedunder "Retail Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the ratings ofForm 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Mississippi Power on reviewPower" herein for downgrade.additional information.
Financing Activities
In March 2017,2018, Mississippi Power issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2018A Floating Rate Senior Notes due March 27, 2020 bearing interest based on three-month LIBOR and $300 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2018B 3.95% Senior Notes due March 30, 2028. In March 2018, Mississippi Power also entered into a $9$300 million short-term floating rate bank noteloan bearing interest at 5% per annum,based on one-month LIBOR, of which $125 million was repaid in April 2017.
In February 2017, Mississippi Power amended $551 million in promissory notessubsequent to Southern Company extending the maturity dates of the notes from December 1, 2017 to JulyMarch 31, 2018. In the second quarter 2017, Mississippi Power borrowed an additional $40 million under a promissory note issued to Southern Company.
In June 2017, Southern Company made equity contributions totaling $1.0 billion to Mississippi Power. Mississippi Power used a portion of the proceeds from these financings to (i) prepay $300repay the entire $900 million of the outstanding principal amount under its $1.2 billion unsecured term loan, which matures on March 30, 2018; (ii) repay all of the $591 million outstanding principal amount of promissory notesits unsecured term loan.
In addition to Southern Company;any financings that may be necessary to meet capital requirements and (iii) repay a $10 million short-term bank loan.contractual obligations, Mississippi Power plans, when economically feasible, to retire higher-cost securities and replace these obligations with lower-cost capital if market conditions permit.

SOUTHERN POWER COMPANY
AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

SOUTHERN POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017
(in millions) (in millions)(in millions)
Operating Revenues:          
Wholesale revenues, non-affiliates$436
 $264
 $783
 $480
$424
 $347
Wholesale revenues, affiliates90
 107
 190
 204
83
 100
Other revenues3
 2
 6
 4
2
 3
Total operating revenues529
 373
 979
 688
509
 450
Operating Expenses:          
Fuel139
 96
 271
 187
169
 132
Purchased power, non-affiliates29
 21
 54
 35
Purchased power, affiliates11
 2
 16
 8
Purchased power61
 30
Other operations and maintenance97
 86
 190
 162
93
 92
Depreciation and amortization129
 81
 247
 154
114
 119
Taxes other than income taxes12
 6
 24
 13
12
 12
Total operating expenses417

292
 802
 559
449
 385
Operating Income112
 81
 177
 129
60
 65
Other Income and (Expense):          
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(48) (22) (97) (43)(47) (50)
Other income (expense), net2
 1
 (2) 1
3
 (1)
Total other income and (expense)(46) (21) (99) (42)(44) (51)
Earnings Before Income Taxes66
 60
 78
 87
16
 14
Income taxes (benefit)(38) (41) (90) (65)(99) (52)
Net Income104
 101
 168
 152
115
 66
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests22
 12
 17
 13
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(6) (4)
Net Income Attributable to Southern Power$82
 $89
 $151
 $139
$121
 $70
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017
(in millions) (in millions)(in millions)
Net Income$104
 $101
 $168
 $152
$115
 $66
Other comprehensive income (loss):          
Qualifying hedges:          
Changes in fair value, net of tax of
$24, $(15), $20, and $(15), respectively
40
 (24) 32
 (24)
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net income,
net of tax of $(27), $8, $(30), and $8, respectively
(45) 13
 (48) 14
Changes in fair value, net of tax of $16 and $(4), respectively48
 (8)
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net income,
net of tax of $(8) and $(3), respectively
(24) (4)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)(5) (11) (16) (10)24
 (12)
Comprehensive Income99
 90
 152
 142
139
 54
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests22
 12
 17
 13
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(6) (4)
Comprehensive Income Attributable to Southern Power$77
 $78
 $135
 $129
$145
 $58
The accompanying notes as they relate to Southern Power are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

SOUTHERN POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
 
For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017 20162018 2017
(in millions)(in millions)
Operating Activities:      
Net income$168
 $152
$115
 $66
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operating activities —      
Depreciation and amortization, total264
 159
122
 127
Deferred income taxes91
 (71)(50) 36
Amortization of investment tax credits(28) (15)(14) (14)
Deferred revenues(34) (31)(14) (27)
Income taxes receivable, non-current(58) 
Other, net(1) 9
15
 5
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities —      
-Receivables(58) (76)48
 (7)
-Prepaid income taxes33
 (147)(32) (21)
-Other current assets20
 5
5
 (6)
-Accounts payable(45) 4
(43) (38)
-Accrued taxes4
 62
9
 (40)
-Other current liabilities(8) 
(12) 15
Net cash provided from operating activities348
 51
149
 96
Investing Activities:      
Business acquisitions(1,020) (502)(46) (1,004)
Property additions(145) (1,281)(121) (69)
Change in construction payables(167) (137)25
 (125)
Payments pursuant to LTSAs(68) (43)(18) (31)
Investment in restricted cash(16) (646)
Distribution of restricted cash27
 649
Other investing activities(2) (25)7
 (2)
Net cash used for investing activities(1,391) (1,985)(153) (1,231)
Financing Activities:      
Increase in notes payable, net189
 695
29
 171
Proceeds —   
Senior notes
 1,241
Capital contributions from parent company
 300
Distributions to noncontrolling interests(40) (11)(13) (18)
Capital contributions from noncontrolling interests73
 179
8
 71
Purchase of membership interests from noncontrolling interests
 (129)
Payment of common stock dividends(158) (136)(78) (79)
Other financing activities(21) (13)
 (12)
Net cash provided from financing activities43
 2,126
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents(1,000) 192
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period1,099
 830
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period$99
 $1,022
Net cash provided from (used for) financing activities(54) 133
Net Change in Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash(58) (1,002)
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at Beginning of Period140
 1,112
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at End of Period$82
 $110
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:      
Cash paid (received) during the period for —      
Interest (net of $4 and $21 capitalized for 2017 and 2016, respectively)$113
 $42
Interest (net of $5 and $2 capitalized for 2018 and 2017, respectively)$29
 $28
Income taxes, net(117) 115
(39) (1)
Noncash transactions — Accrued property additions at end of period19
 108
57
 53
The accompanying notes as they relate to Southern Power are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

SOUTHERN POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
 
Assets At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Current Assets:        
Cash and cash equivalents $99
 $1,099
 $82
 $129
Receivables —        
Customer accounts receivable 158
 102
 126
 117
Other accounts receivable 37
 34
Affiliated 65
 57
 28
 50
Fossil fuel stock 15
 15
Other 69
 98
Materials and supplies 349
 337
 218
 278
Prepaid income taxes 41
 74
 82
 50
Other current assets 26
 39
 35
 36
Total current assets 790
 1,757
 640
 758
Property, Plant, and Equipment:        
In service 13,731
 12,728
 13,803
 13,755
Less: Accumulated provision for depreciation 1,689
 1,484
 1,989
 1,910
Plant in service, net of depreciation 12,042
 11,244
 11,814
 11,845
Construction work in progress 344
 398
 634
 511
Total property, plant, and equipment 12,386
 11,642
 12,448
 12,356
Other Property and Investments:        
Intangible assets, net of amortization of $35 and $22
at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively
 423
 436
Intangible assets, net of amortization of $54 and $47
at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively
 404
 411
Total other property and investments 423
 436
 404
 411
Deferred Charges and Other Assets:        
Prepaid LTSAs 61
 101
 103
 118
Accumulated deferred income taxes 536
 594
 911
 925
Income taxes receivable, non-current 69
 11
 76
 72
Other deferred charges and assets — affiliated 28
 13
Other deferred charges and assets — non-affiliated 410
 615
Other deferred charges and assets 600
 566
Total deferred charges and other assets 1,104
 1,334
 1,690
 1,681
Total Assets $14,703
 $15,169
 $15,182
 $15,206
The accompanying notes as they relate to Southern Power are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

SOUTHERN POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
 
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Current Liabilities:        
Securities due within one year $909
 $560
 $770
 $770
Notes payable 398
 209
 134
 105
Accounts payable —        
Affiliated 68
 88
 56
 102
Other 93
 278
 130
 103
Accrued taxes —    
Accrued income taxes 35
 148
Other accrued taxes 21
 7
Accrued interest 25
 36
Acquisitions payable 
 461
Contingent consideration 11
 46
Other current liabilities 67
 70
 145
 152
Total current liabilities 1,627
 1,903
 1,235
 1,232
Long-term Debt 4,816
 5,068
 5,108
 5,071
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:        
Accumulated deferred income taxes 174
 152
 142
 199
Accumulated deferred ITCs 1,914
 1,839
 1,872
 1,884
Asset retirement obligations 69
 64
Other deferred credits and liabilities 238
 304
 267
 322
Total deferred credits and other liabilities 2,395
 2,359
 2,281
 2,405
Total Liabilities 8,838
 9,330
 8,624
 8,708
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests 51
 164
Common Stockholder's Equity:        
Common stock, par value $.01 per share —    
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share —    
Authorized — 1,000,000 shares        
Outstanding — 1,000 shares 
 
 
 
Paid-in capital 3,671
 3,671
 3,663
 3,662
Retained earnings 717
 724
 1,519
 1,478
Accumulated other comprehensive income 19
 35
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 27
 (2)
Total common stockholder's equity 4,407
 4,430
 5,209
 5,138
Noncontrolling interests 1,407
 1,245
 1,349
 1,360
Total stockholders' equity 5,814
 5,675
 6,558
 6,498
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity $14,703
 $15,169
 $15,182
 $15,206
The accompanying notes as they relate to Southern Power are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


SECONDFIRST QUARTER 20172018 vs. SECONDFIRST QUARTER 2016
AND
YEAR-TO-DATE 2017 vs. YEAR-TO-DATE 2016


OVERVIEW
Southern Power develops, constructs, acquires, owns, and manages power generation assets, including renewable energy projects, and sells electricity at market-based rates in the wholesale market. Southern Power continually seeks opportunities to execute its strategy to create value through various transactions including acquisitions and sales of assets, constructiondevelopment and developmentconstruction of new generating facilities, and entry into PPAs primarily with investor-owned utilities, independent power producers, municipalities, electric cooperatives, and other load-serving entities.entities, as well as commercial and industrial customers. In general, Southern Power has constructedcommitted to the construction or acquiredacquisition of new generating capacity only after entering into or assuming long-term PPAs for the new facilities.
During the sixthree months ended June 30, 2017, Southern Power acquired or completed the construction of, and placed in service, approximately 498 MWs of solar and wind facilities. In addition, Southern Power continued developing its portfolio of wind projects as well as the construction to expand the Mankato natural gas facility by 345 MWs of capacity. Subsequent to June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Southern Power acquired and commencedcompleted construction of the 20-MW Gaskell West 1 solar project and continued construction of the Cactus Flats a 148-MW wind facility and the expansion of the 345-MW Mankato natural gas facility. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Acquisitions" and "Construction Projects" herein for additional information.
Southern Power is pursuing the sale of a 33% equity interest in a newly-formed holding company owning substantially all of Southern Power's solar facilities, including certain subsidiaries owned in partnership with various third parties. If successful, the sale is expected to close in mid-2018. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Southern Power had an average investment coverage ratio of 91%92% through 20212022 and 90% through 2026,2027, with an average remaining contract duration of approximately 1615 years. These ratios include the PPAs and capacity associated with facilities currently under construction and acquisitions discussed herein. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Power Sales Agreements" herein for additional information.
See FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" herein for information regarding Southern Power's revised capital expenditure forecasts for 2018 through 2022.
Southern Power continues to focus on several key performance indicators, including, but not limited to, peak season equivalent forced outage rate, contract availability, and net income.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Income Attributable to Southern Power
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$(7) (7.9) $12 8.6
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$51 72.9
Net income attributable to Southern Power for the secondfirst quarter 20172018 was $82$121 million compared to $89$70 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The decrease was primarily due to increased interest expense from debt issuances to fund acquisitions and construction and an increase in net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, significantly offset by additional operating income related to new generating facilities.
Net income attributable to Southern Power for year-to-date 2017 was $151 million compared to $139 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily due to additional operating income from new generating facilities, as well as increased federalnet state income tax benefits arising from wind PTCs, partially offset by increased interest expense from debt issuances to fund acquisitions and construction. For additional information on new generating facilities placed in service during 2016 and 2017, see MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Acquisitions" and "Construction Projects"a reorganization of Southern Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-KPower's legal entities that own and FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Acquisitions" and "Construction Projects" herein.operate its solar facilities.

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


Operating Revenues
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$156 41.8 $291 42.3
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$59 13.1
Total operating revenues include PPA capacity revenues, which are derived primarily from long-term contracts involving natural gas and biomass generating facilities, and PPA energy revenues which include sales from Southern Power's natural gas, biomass, solar, and windgeneration facilities. To the extent Southern Power has capacity not contracted under a PPA, it may sell power into the wholesale market and, to the extent the generation assets are part of the IIC, as approved by the FERC, it may sell power into the power pool.
Natural Gas and Biomass Capacity and Energy Revenue
Capacity revenues generally represent the greatest contribution to net income and are designed to provide recovery of fixed costs plus a return on investment.
Energy is generally sold at variable cost or is indexed to published natural gas indices. Energy revenues will vary depending on the energy demand of Southern Power's customers and their generation capacity, as well as the market prices of wholesale energy compared to the cost of Southern Power's energy. Energy revenues also include fees for support services, fuel storage, and unit start charges. Increases and decreases in energy revenues under PPAs that are driven by fuel or purchased power prices are accompanied by an increase or decrease in fuel and purchased power costs and do not have a significant impact on net income.
Solar and Wind Energy Revenue
Southern Power's electricityenergy sales from solar and wind generating facilities are predominantly through long-term PPAs that do not have a capacity charge. Customers either purchase the energy output of a dedicated renewable facility through an energy charge or pay a fixed price for electricityrelated to the energy sold to the grid. As a result, Southern Power's ability to recover fixed and variable operations and maintenance expenses is dependent upon the level of energy generated from these facilities, which can be impacted by weather conditions, equipment performance, transmission constraints, and other factors.
See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Power"Power Sales Agreements"Agreements" herein for additional information regarding Southern Power's PPAs.
Details of Southern Power's operating revenues were as follows:
Second Quarter 2017 Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 Year-to-Date 2016First Quarter 2018 First Quarter 2017
(in millions)(in millions)
PPA capacity revenues$149
 $133
 $298
 $258
$138
 $148
PPA energy revenues270
 168
 466
 285
254
 198
Total PPA revenues419
 301
 764
 543
392
 346
Non-PPA revenues107
 70
 209
 141
115
 101
Other revenues3
 2
 6
 4
2
 3
Total operating revenues$529
 $373
 $979
 $688
$509
 $450

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In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, total operating revenues were $529$509 million, reflecting a $156$59 million, or 42%13%, increase from the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase in operating revenues was primarily due to the following:
PPA capacity revenues increased $16decreased $10 million, or 12%7%, primarily due to new PPAs related tothe contractual expiration of an affiliate natural gas facilities and additional customer load requirements.PPA.
PPA energy revenues increased $102$56 million, or 61%28%, primarily due to $33 million in increased fuel costs that are contractually recovered through existing PPAs as well as an $85$18 million increase in sales from new solar and wind facilities and a $20 million increase in salesarising from new natural gas PPAs and additional customer load requirements.from existing facilities.
Non-PPA revenues increased $37$14 million, or 53%14%, primarily due to a $23 millionan increase in the volume of KWHs sold primarily from uncovered natural gas capacity through short-term opportunity sales, as well as a $14 million increase in the price of energy primarily due to increased natural gas prices.
For year-to-date 2017, total operating revenues were $979 million, reflecting a $291 million, or 42%, increase from the corresponding period in 2016. The increase in operating revenues was primarily due to the following:
PPA capacity revenues increased $40 million, or 16%, primarily due to new PPAs related to natural gas facilities and additional customer load requirements.
PPA energy revenues increased $181 million, or 64%, primarily due to a $137 million increase in sales from new solar and wind facilities and a $37 million increase in sales from new natural gas PPAs and additional customer load requirements.
Non-PPA revenues increased $68 million, or 48%, due to a $48 million increase in the volume of KWHs sold primarily from uncovered natural gas capacity through short-term opportunity sales, as well as a $20 million increase in the price of energy primarily due to increased natural gas prices.sales.
Fuel and Purchased Power Expenses
Fuel costs constitute one of the single largest expenseexpenses for Southern Power. In addition, Southern Power purchases a portion of its electricity needs from the wholesale market.market including the power pool. Details of Southern Power's generation and purchased power were as follows:
Second Quarter 2017Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017Year-to-Date 2016First Quarter 2018First Quarter 2017
(in billions of KWHs)(in billions of KWHs)
Generation10.99.1 20.616.79.89.7
Purchased power1.20.9 2.21.50.90.9
Total generation and purchased power12.110.0 22.818.210.710.6
  
Total generation and purchased power, excluding solar, wind, and tolling agreements5.65.7 10.511.06.74.9
Southern Power's PPAs for natural gas and biomass generation generally provide that the purchasers are responsible for either procuring the fuel (tolling agreements) or reimbursing Southern Power for substantially all of the cost of fuel relating to the energy delivered under such PPAs. Consequently, changes in such fuel costs are generally accompanied by a corresponding change in related fuel revenues and do not have a significant impact on net income. Southern Power is responsible for the cost of fuel for generating units that are not covered under PPAs. Power from these generating units is sold into the wholesale market or into the power pool for capacity owned directly by Southern Power.
Purchased power expenses will vary depending on demand, availability, and the cost of generating resources throughout the Southern Company system and other contract resources. Load requirements are submitted to the power pool on an hourly basis and are fulfilled with the lowest cost alternative, whether that is generation owned by

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Southern Power, an affiliate company, or external parties. Such purchased power costs are generally recovered through PPA revenues.
Details of Southern Power's fuel and purchased power expenses were as follows:
Second Quarter 2017
vs.
Second Quarter 2016
 Year-to-Date 2017
vs.
Year-to-Date 2016
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)(change in millions) (% change)
Fuel$43
 44.8 $84
 44.9$37
 28.0
Purchased power17
 73.9 27
 62.831
 N/M
Total fuel and purchased power expenses$60
 $111
 $68
 
N/M - Not meaningful
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, total fuel and purchased power expenses increased $60$68 million, or 50.4%42%, compared to the corresponding period in 2016.2017. Fuel expense increased $43$37 million primarily due to a $51$60 million increase in the average cost of natural gas per KWH generated, partially offset by an $8 million decrease in the volume of KWHs generated, excluding solar, wind, and tolling agreements. Purchased power expense increased $17 million primarily due to a $10 million increase in the volume of KWHs purchased and a $6 million increase associated with the average cost of purchased power.
For year-to-date 2017, total fuel and purchased power expenses increased $111 million, or 48.3%, compared to the corresponding period in 2016. Fuel expense increased $84 million primarily due to a $105 million increase in the average cost of natural gas per KWH generated,agreements, partially offset by a $22$23 million decrease in the volume of KWHs generated, excluding solar, wind, and tolling agreements. Purchased power expense increased $27 million due to a $19 million increase in the volume of KWHs purchased and an $8 million increase associated with the average cost of purchased power.
Other Operations and Maintenance Expenses
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$11 12.8 $28 17.3
In the second quarter 2017, other operations and maintenance expenses were $97 million compared to $86 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to a $19 million increase associated with new solar, wind, and gas facilities and a $5 million increase associated with employee compensation and expenses in support of Southern Power's overall growth strategy, partially offset by a $9 million decrease in scheduled outage maintenance expenses and a $5 million decrease in non-outage operations and maintenance expenses.
For year-to-date 2017, other operations and maintenance expenses were $190 million compared to $162 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to a $35 million increase associated with new solar, wind, and gas facilities and a $10 million increase associated with employee compensation and expenses in support of Southern Power's overall growth strategy, partially offset by a $16 million decrease in scheduled outage maintenance expenses and a $4 million decrease in non-outage operations and maintenance expenses.
Depreciation and Amortization
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$48 59.3 $93 60.4
In the second quarter 2017, depreciation and amortization was $129 million compared to $81 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, depreciation and amortization was $247 million compared to

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$154decrease in the average cost of natural gas per KWH generated. Purchased power expense increased $31 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increases were primarily due to new solar, wind, and gas facilities placed in service.
Interest Expense, net of Amounts Capitalized
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$26 118.2 $54 125.6
In the second quarter 2017, interest expense, net of amounts capitalized was $48 million compared to $22 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to an increase in the average cost of $16 million in interest expense related to additional debt issued in 2016, primarily to fund Southern Power's growth strategy and continuous construction program, as well as a $9 million decrease in capitalized interest associated with completing construction of and placing in service solar facilities.
For year-to-date 2017, interest expense, net of amounts capitalized was $97 million compared to $43 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to an increase of $36 million in interest expense related to additional debt issued in 2016, primarily to fund Southern Power's growth strategy and continuous construction program, as well as a $17 million decrease in capitalized interest associated with completing construction of and placing in service solar facilities.purchased power.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$1 100.0 $(3) (300.0)
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions)(% change)
$4N/M
N/M - Not meaningful
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, other income (expense), net was $2$3 million compared to other expense of $1 million for the corresponding period in 2016. For year-to-date 2017, other income (expense), net was $(2)2017. The change includes a $19 million compared to $1 million for the corresponding periodincrease in 2016. The changes include increases of $99 million and $116 million from currency losses arising from translation of €1.1 billion euro-denominated fixed-rate notes into U.S. dollars, for the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively, fully offset by an equal change in gains onamount from the foreign currency hedges that were reclassified from accumulated OCI into earnings. See Note (H)(I) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information.
Income Taxes (Benefit)
Second Quarter 2017 vs. Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017 vs. Year-to-Date 2016
(change in millions) (% change) (change in millions) (% change)
$3 7.3 $(25) (38.5)
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(47) (90.4)
In the secondfirst quarter 2017,2018, income tax benefit was $38$99 million compared to $41$52 million for the corresponding period in 2016. The decrease was primarily due to a $29 million decrease in ITC benefits, partially offset by a $27 million increase in wind PTC benefits.
For year-to-date 2017, income tax benefit was $90 million compared to $65 million for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The increase was primarily due to income tax benefits arising from a $57 million increasereorganization of Southern Power's legal entities that own and operate substantially all of its solar facilities related to certain changes in wind PTC benefits, a $4 million increase resulting from state apportionment rate changes, and a $4 million increase related to lower pre-tax earnings, partially offset by a $41 million decrease in ITC benefits.rates.
See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters – Legal Entity Reorganization" and Note (G)(H) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information on income taxes and Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Power under "Income and Other Taxes" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information on ITCs.information.

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FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL
The results of operations discussed above are not necessarily indicative of Southern Power's future earnings potential. The level of Southern Power's future earnings depends on numerous factors that affect the opportunities, challenges, and risks of Southern Power's competitive wholesale business. These factors include: Southern Power's ability to achieve sales growth while containing costs; regulatory matters; creditworthiness of customers; total generating capacity available in Southern Power's market areas; the successful remarketing of capacity as current contracts expire; Southern Power's ability to execute its growth strategy, including successful additional investments in renewable and other energy projects, and to develop and construct generating facilities. Current proposals related
Southern Power is pursuing the sale of a 33% equity interest in a newly-formed holding company owning substantially all of the solar facilities, including certain subsidiaries owned in partnership with various third parties. If successful, the sale is expected to potential federal tax reform legislation are primarily focused on reducing the corporate income tax rate, allowing 100% of capital expenditures to be deducted, and eliminating the interest deduction.close in mid-2018. The ultimate impactoutcome of any tax reform proposals, including any potential changes to the availability or realizability of ITCs and PTCs, is dependent on the final form of any legislation enacted and the related transition rules, andthis matter cannot be determined at this time, but could have a material impact on Southern Power's consolidated financial statements.time.
Demand for electricity is primarily driven by economic growth. Thethe pace of economic growth and electricity demandthat may be affected by changes in regional and global economic conditions, as well as renewable portfolio standards, which may impact future earnings.
Other factors that could influence future earnings include weather, demand,transmission constraints, cost of generation from facilitiesunits within the power pool, and operational limitations. For additional information relating to these factors, see RISK FACTORS in Item 1A and MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL of Southern Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K.

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Power Sales Agreements
See BUSINESS – "The Southern Company System – Southern Power" in Item 1 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Southern Power's PPAs. Generally, under the solar and wind generation PPAs, the purchasing party retains the right to keep or resell the renewable energy credits.
At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Southern Power's average investment coverage ratio for its generating assets, based on the ratio of investment under contract to total investment using the respective generation facilities' net book value (or expected in-service value for facilities under construction) as the investment amount, was 91%92% through 20212022 and 90% through 2026,2027, with an average remaining contract duration of approximately 1615 years.
Environmental Matters
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters" of Southern Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for information on the development by federal and state environmental regulatory agencies of additional control strategies for emissions of air pollution from industrial sources, including electric generating facilities. Compliance with possible additional federal or state legislation or regulations related to global climate change, air quality, water quality, or other environmental and health concerns could also significantly affect Southern Power. While Southern Power's PPAs generally contain provisions that permit charging the counterparty with some of the new costs incurred as a result of changes in environmental laws and regulations, the full impact of any such legislative or regulatory changes cannot be determined at this time.
Environmental Statutes and Regulations
Water Quality
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters Environmental Statutes and Regulations Water Quality" of Southern Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the final effluent guidelines rule.

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On April 25, 2017, the EPA published a notice announcing it would reconsider the effluent guidelines rule, which had been finalized in November 2015. On June 6, 2017, the EPA proposed a rule establishing a stay of the compliance deadlines for certain effluent limitations and pretreatment standards under the rule.
The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Global Climate Issues
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters Global Climate Issues" of Southern Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
On March 28, 2017, the U.S. President signed an executive order directing agencies to review actions that potentially burden the development or use of domestically produced energy resources. The executive order specifically directs the EPA to review the Clean Power Plan and final greenhouse gas emission standards for new, modified, and reconstructed electric generating units and, if appropriate, take action to suspend, revise, or rescind those rules.
On June 1, 2017, the U.S. President announced that the United States will withdraw from the non-binding Paris Agreement and begin renegotiation of its terms.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
FERC Matters
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "FERC Matters" of Southern Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's market power proceeding and amendment to their market-rate tariff.
On May 17, 2017, the FERC accepted the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's compliance filing accepting the terms of the FERC's February 2, 2017 order regarding an amendment by the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power to their market-based rate tariff. While the FERC's order references the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's market power proceeding, it remains a separate, ongoing matter.
Acquisitions
During the sixthree months ended June 30, 2017, in accordance with Southern Power's overall growth strategy, Southern Renewable Partnerships, LLC (SRP),March 31, 2018, one of Southern Power's wholly-owned subsidiaries acquired and completed construction of the Bethel windGaskell West 1 solar facility. Acquisition-related costs were expensed as incurred and were not material. See Note (I)(J) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Power" herein and MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" of Southern Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Project FacilityResource
Approximate Nameplate Capacity (MW)
LocationPercentage OwnershipActual CODPPA CounterpartiesPPA Contract Period
BethelWind276Castro County, TX100% January 2017Google Energy, LLC12 years
Project FacilityResource
Approximate Nameplate Capacity (MW)
LocationPercentage OwnershipActual CODPPA CounterpartiesPPA Contract Period
Gaskell West 1Solar20Kern County, CA100% of Class B(*)March 2018Southern California Edison20 years
(*)Southern Power owns 100% of the class B membership interests under a tax equity partnership agreement.
The aggregate amounts of revenue and net income, excluding impacts from PTCs, recognized by Southern Power related to the Bethel facility included in the condensed consolidated statements of income for year-to-date 2017 were immaterial. The BethelGaskell West 1 facility did not have operating revenues or activities prior to completion of construction and the assets being placed in service; therefore, supplemental pro forma information for the comparable 2016 period is not meaningful and has been omitted.
Subsequent to June 30, 2017, Southern Power acquired a 100% ownership interest in and commenced construction of the Cactus Flats 148-MW wind facility, the majority of which is covered by two PPAs, which expire in 2030 and

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2033. The facility is expected to be placed in service in mid-2018. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.during March 2018.
Construction Projects
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Acquisitions" and "Construction Projects" of Southern Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" herein for additional information.
Construction Projects Completed and in Progress
During the sixthree months ended June 30, 2017, in accordance with its overall growth strategy,March 31, 2018, Southern Power completed construction of and placed in service, or continued construction of the projects set forth in the following table. Through June 30, 2017, total costs of construction incurred for these projects were $421 million, of which $49 million remained in CWIP for the Mankato facility acquired in 2016.table below. Total aggregate construction costs, excluding the acquisition costs, are expected to be $170between $370 million to $190and $415 million for the Mankato facility.and Cactus Flats facilities. At March 31, 2018, construction costs included in CWIP related to these projects totaled $273 million. The ultimate outcome of this matterthese matters cannot be determined at this time.

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Project FacilityResource
Approximate Nameplate Capacity (MW)
LocationActual/Expected CODPPA CounterpartiesPPA Contract Period
Projects Completed During the Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
East PecosSolar120Pecos County, TXMarch 2017Austin Energy15 years
LamesaSolar102Dawson County, TXApril 2017City of Garland, Texas15 years
Project Under Construction as of June 30, 2017March 31, 2018
Cactus Flats(*)
Wind148Concho County, TXThird quarter 2018General Motors, LLC
and
General Mills Operations, LLC
12 years
and
15 years
MankatoNatural Gas345Mankato, MNSecond quarter 2019Northern States Power Company20 years
(*)In July 2017, Southern Power purchased 100% of the Cactus Flats facility and commenced construction. Upon placing the facility in service, Southern Power expects to close on a tax equity partnership agreement, subject to various customary conditions at closing, and will then own 100% of the class B membership interests.
Development Projects
In December 2016,During 2017, as part of Southern Power'sits renewable development strategy, SRPSouthern Power purchased wind turbine equipment from Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy Inc. and Vestas-American Wind Technology, Inc. to be used for various development and construction projects. Any wind projects reaching commercial operation by 2021 are expected to qualify for 80% PTCs.
During 2016, Southern Power entered into a joint development agreement with Renewable Energy Systems Americas, Inc. to develop and construct approximately 3,000 MWs of wind projects. AlsoIn addition, in December 2016, Southern Power signed agreements and made payments to purchasepurchased wind turbine equipment from Siemens Wind Power, Inc. and Vestas-American Wind Technology, Inc. to be used for construction of the facilities. All of theAny wind turbine equipment was deliveredprojects reaching commercial operation by April 2017, which allows the projects2020 are expected to qualify for 100% PTCs for 10 years following their expected commercial operation dates between 2018 and 2020. PTCs.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Income Tax Matters
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters" of Southern Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Credit Rating Risk" and Note (G)(H) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding the Tax Reform Legislation.
Legal Entity Reorganization
In March 2018, Southern Power substantially completed a legal entity reorganization of various direct and indirect subsidiaries that own and operate substantially all of the solar facilities, including certain subsidiaries owned in partnership with various third parties. The reorganization resulted in net state tax benefits related to certain changes in apportionment rates totaling approximately $50 million, which were recorded in the first quarter 2018. In April 2018, Southern Power completed the final stage of the reorganization resulting in additional information.net state tax benefits of approximately $4 million. Southern Power is pursuing the sale of a 33% equity interest in the newly-formed holding company owning these solar facilities. If successful, the sale is expected to close in mid-2018. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Other Matters
Southern Power is involved in various other matters being litigated and regulatory matters that could affect future earnings. In addition, Southern Power is subject to certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. Southern Power's business activities are subject to extensive governmental regulation related to public health and the environment, such as regulation of air emissions and water discharges. Litigation over environmental issues and claims of various types, including property damage, personal injury, common law nuisance, and citizen enforcement of environmental requirements, such as standards for air, qualitywater, land, and water standards,protection of other natural resources, has occurred throughout the U.S. This litigation has included claims for damages alleged to have been

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U.S. This litigation has included claims for damages alleged to have been caused by CO2 and other emissions and alleged exposure to hazardous materials, and/or requests for injunctive relief in connection with such matters.
TheultimateoutcomeofsuchpendingorpotentiallitigationagainstSouthern Power or regulatory matters cannotbepredictedatthistime;however,forcurrentproceedingsnotspecificallyreportedinNote(B)totheCondensedFinancialStatementsherein,management does not anticipate that the ultimate liabilities, if any, arising from such current proceedings would have a material effect on Southern Power's financial statements.
During 2015, Southern Power indirectly acquired a 51% membership interest in RE Roserock LLC (Roserock), the owner of the Roserock facility in Pecos County, Texas, which was under construction by Recurrent Energy, LLC and was subsequently placed in service in November 2016. Prior to placing the facility in service, certain solar panels were damaged during installation. While the facility currently is generating energy consistent with operational expectations and PPA obligations, Southern Power is pursuing remedies under its insurance policies and other contracts to repair or replace these solar panels. In connection therewith, Southern Power is withholding payments of approximately $26 million from the construction contractor, who has placed a lien on the Roserock facility for the same amount. The amounts withheld are included in other accounts payable and other current liabilities on Southern Power's consolidated balance sheets. OnIn May 18, 2017, Roserock filed a lawsuit in the state district court in Pecos County, Texas, against X.L.XL Insurance America, Inc. (XL) and North American Elite Insurance Company (North American Elite) seeking recovery from an insurance policy for damages resulting from a hail storm and certain installation practices by the construction contractor, McCarthy Building Companies, Inc. (McCarthy). OnAlso in May 19, 2017, Roserock filed a separate lawsuit against McCarthy in the state district court in Travis County, Texas alleging breach of contract and breach of warranty for the damages sustained at the Roserock facility, which has since been moved to the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas. OnAdditionally in May 22, 2017, McCarthy filed a counter lawsuit against Roserock, Array Technologies, Inc., Canadian Solar (USA), Inc., XL, and North American Elite in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas alleging, among other things, breach of contract, and requesting foreclosure of mechanic's liens against Roserock. OnIn July 18, 2017, the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas consolidated the two pending lawsuits. In December 2017, the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas dismissed McCarthy's claims against Canadian Solar (USA), Inc. and dismissed cross-claims that XL and North American Elite had sought to bring against Roserock. Southern Power intends to vigorously pursue and defend these matters, the ultimate outcome of which cannot be determined at this time.
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Southern Power prepares its consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Power in Item 8 of the Form 10-K. In the application of these policies, certain estimates are made that may have a material impact on Southern Power's results of operations and related disclosures. Different assumptions and measurements could produce estimates that are significantly different from those recorded in the financial statements. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" of Southern Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a complete discussion of Southern Power's critical accounting policies and estimates related to Revenue Recognition, Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and Intangibles, Acquisition Accounting, and ITCs.estimates.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In 2014, the FASB issued ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), replacing the existing accounting standard and industry specific guidance for revenue recognition with a five-step model for recognizing and measuring revenue from contracts with customers. The underlying principleSee MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" of Southern Power in Item 7 of the standard isForm 10-K for additional information regarding ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). See Note (A) to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at the amount expected to be collected. The new standard also requires enhanced disclosuresCondensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows arising from contracts with customers.
While Southern Power expects most of its revenue to be included in the scope of ASC 606, it has not fully completed its evaluation of all revenue arrangements. However, given Southern Power's core activities of sellingrecently adopted accounting standards.

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generation capacity and energy to high credit rated customers, Southern Power currently does not expect the new standard to have a significant impact to net income. Southern Power's ongoing evaluation of revenue streams and related contracts includes the evaluation of identified revenue streams tied to longer-term contractual arrangements, such as certain capacity and energy payments under PPAs that are expected to be excluded from the scope of ASC 606 and included in the scope of the current leasing guidance (ASC 840).
The new standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Southern Power intends to use the modified retrospective method of adoption effective January 1, 2018. Southern Power has also elected to utilize practical expedients which allow it to apply the standard to open contracts at the date of adoption and to reflect the aggregate effect of all modifications when identifying performance obligations and allocating the transaction price for contracts modified before the effective date. Under the modified retrospective method of adoption, prior year reported results are not restated; however, a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings at January 1, 2018 is recorded. In addition, disclosures will include comparative information on 2018 financial statement line items under current guidance. While the adoption of ASC 606, including the cumulative-effect adjustment, is not expected to have a material impact on either the timing or amount of revenues recognized in Southern Power's financial statements, Southern Power will continue to evaluate the requirements, as well as any additional clarifying guidance that may be issued.
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY
Overview
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Overview" of Southern Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information. Southern Power's financial condition remained stable at June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. Southern Power intends to continue to monitor its access to short-term and long-term capital markets as well as bank credit agreements as needed to meet future capital and liquidity needs. See "Sources of Capital" herein for additional information on lines of credit.
Southern Power also utilizes third-party tax equity partnerships as one of the financing sources to fund its renewable growth strategy where the tax partner takes significantly all of the federal tax benefits. These tax equity partnerships are consolidated in Southern Power's financial statements using a hypothetical liquidation at book value (HLBV) methodology to allocate partnership gains and losses to Southern Power. Southern Power has secured third-party tax equity funding for the Gaskell West 1 project. See Note (A) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Hypothetical Liquidation at Book Value" herein for additional information on the HLBV methodology.
In addition, Southern Power is pursuing the sale of a 33% equity interest in a newly-formed holding company owning substantially all of Southern Power's solar facilities, including certain subsidiaries owned in partnership with various third parties. If successful, the sale is expected to close in mid-2018. Proceeds from the sale may be used for debt redemptions, common stock dividends, working capital, and general corporate purposes as well as to support Southern Power's continuing growth strategy.
Net cash provided from operating activities totaled $348$149 million for the first sixthree months of 20172018 compared to $51$96 million for the first sixthree months of 2016.2017. The increase in net cash provided from operating activities was primarily due to income tax refunds received and an increase in energy sales arising from new solar and wind facilities and a decrease in income taxes paid, partially offset by an increase in interest paid.revenues. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Income Tax Matters – Bonus Depreciation" of Southern Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information. Net cash used for investing activities totaled $1.4 billion$153 million for the first sixthree months of 20172018 primarily due to payments for renewable acquisitions and the construction of generating facilities. See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Acquisitions"facilities and "Construction Projects" hereinpayments for additional information.renewable acquisitions. Net cash provided fromused for financing activities totaled $43$54 million for the first sixthree months of 20172018 primarily due to notes payablea common stock dividend payment and contributions fromdistributions to noncontrolling interests, partially offset by dividends to Southern Company and distributions to noncontrolling interests.a net increase in notes payable. Cash flows from financing activities may vary from period to period based on capital needs and the maturity or redemption of securities.
Significant balance sheet changes for the first sixthree months of 20172018 include a $1.0 billion$123 million increase in CWIP primarily due to the construction of the Cactus Flats wind facility and the Mankato natural gas expansion project, a $57 million decrease in cash and cash equivalentsaccumulated deferred income taxes primarily due to a legal entity reorganization, and a $798$48 million increase in property, plant, and equipment in-service primarily related to acquisitions, as well as a $54 million decrease in CWIP primarily due to East Pecos and Lamesa being placed in service, partially offset by equipment purchased for wind construction projects. the Gaskell West 1 project.
See FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Acquisitions," and "Construction Projects," and "Income Tax Matters – Legal Entity Reorganization" herein for additional information.
Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" of Southern Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a description of Southern Power's capital requirements for its construction program, scheduledand contractual obligations. Approximately $770 million will be required to repay maturities of long-term debt as well asthrough March 31, 2019.
Southern Power's construction program includes estimates for potential plant acquisitions and placeholder growth, new construction and development, capital improvements, and work to be performed under LTSAs and is subject to periodic review and revision. Post-tax reform, planned expenditures for plant acquisitions and placeholder growth are now expected to average approximately $0.5 billion per year for 2018 through 2022 and may vary materially due to market opportunities and Southern Power's ability to execute its growth strategy. Southern Power's capital expenditures for committed construction, capital improvements, and work to be performed under LTSAs remain unchanged and total approximately $0.9 billion for the related interest, derivative obligations, leases, unrecognized tax benefits, and other purchasefive years ending 2022. Actual construction costs may vary

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commitments. Approximately $909 million will be required to repay maturities of long-term debt through June 30, 2018.
Southern Power's construction program includes estimates for potential plant acquisitions, new construction and development, capital improvements, and work to be performed under LTSAs and is subject to periodic review and revision. Planned expenditures for plant acquisitions may vary materially due to market opportunities and Southern Power's ability to execute its growth strategy. Actual capital costs may vary from these estimates because of numerous factors such as: changes in business conditions; changes in the expected environmental compliance program; changes in environmental statuteslaws and regulations; the outcome of any legal challenges to the environmental rules; changes in FERC rules and regulations; changes in load projections; changes in legislation; the cost and efficiency of construction labor, equipment, and materials; project scope and design changes; and the cost of capital. See Note (I) to the Condensed Financial StatementsFUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Acquisitions" and "Construction Projects" herein for additional information.
Sources of Capital
Southern Power plans to obtain the funds required for acquisitions, construction, development, debt maturities, and other purposes from operating cash flows, short-term debt,external securities issuances, term loans,borrowings from financial institutions, tax equity partnership contributions, and equity contributions from Southern Company. Southern Power also plans to utilize funds resulting from any potential sale of a 33% equity interest in substantially all of its solar asset portfolio, if completed. However, the amount, type, and timing of any future financings, if needed, will depend upon prevailing market conditions, regulatory approval, and other factors. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Sources of Capital" of Southern Power in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
As of June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Southern Power's current liabilities exceeded current assets by $837$595 million due to long-term debt maturing in the next 12 months, the use of short-term debt as a funding source, and construction payables, as well as fluctuations in cash needs, due to both seasonality and the stage of acquisitions and construction projects. In 2017, Southern Power expects to utilize the debt capital markets, bank term loans, and commercial paper markets as the source of funds for the majority of its debt maturities.
As of June 30, 2017, Southern Power had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $99 million.
Southern Power believes the need for working capital can be adequately met by utilizing the commercial paper program, the Facility (as defined below), bank term loans, the debt capital markets, and operating cash flows.
As of March 31, 2018, Southern Power had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $82 million.
Southern Power's commercial paper program is used to finance acquisition and construction costs related to electric generating facilities, for general corporate purposes, and to finance maturing debt. Commercial paper is included in notes payable on the condensed consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2017.sheets.
Details of commercial papershort-term borrowings were as follows:
 
Short-term Debt at
June 30, 2017
 
Short-term Debt During the Period (*)
 Amount OutstandingWeighted Average Interest Rate Average Amount Outstanding Weighted Average Interest Rate 
Maximum
Amount
Outstanding
 (in millions)  (in millions)   (in millions)
Commercial paper$398
1.5% $328
 1.3% $419
 Short-term Debt at March 31, 2018 
Short-term Debt During the Period (*)
 Amount OutstandingWeighted Average Interest Rate Average Amount Outstanding Weighted Average Interest Rate 
Maximum
Amount
Outstanding
 (in millions)  (in millions)   (in millions)
Commercial paper$134
2.4% $83
 2.0% $145
(*)Average and maximum amounts are based upon daily balances during the three-month period ended June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018.
At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Southern Power had a committed credit facility (Facility) of $750 million, of which $75$22 million has been used for letters of credit and $675$728 million remains unused. In May 2017, Southern Power amended theThe Facility which, among other things, extended the maturity date from 2020 to 2022 and increased Southern Power's borrowing ability under this Facility to $750 million from $600 million.expires in 2022. Proceeds from the Facility may be used for working capital and general corporate purposes as well as liquidity support for Southern Power's commercial paper program. Subject to applicable market conditions, Southern Power expects to renew or replace the Facility, as

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needed, prior to expiration. In connection therewith, Southern Power may extend the maturity date and/or increase or decrease the lending commitment thereunder. See Note 6 to the financial statements of Southern Power under "Bank Credit Arrangements" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (E)(F) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Bank Credit Arrangements" herein for additional information.
The Facility, as well as Southern Power's term loan agreement,agreements, contains a covenant that limits the ratio of debt to capitalization (as defined in the Facility) to a maximum of 65% and contains a cross-default provision that is restricted only to indebtedness of Southern Power. For purposes of this definition, debt excludes any project debt incurred by certain subsidiaries of Southern Power to the extent such debt is non-recourse to Southern Power, and

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capitalization excludes the capital stock or other equity attributable to such subsidiary. Southern Power is currently in compliance with all covenants in the Facility.
In December 2016, Southern Power entered into an agreement foralso has a $120 million continuing letter of credit facility expiring in 2019 for standby letters of credit expiring in 2019.credit. At June 30, 2017, the total amount available under this letterMarch 31, 2018, $99 million has been used for letters of credit, facility was $62 million.primarily as credit support for PPA requirements, and $21 million remains unused.
In addition, at March 31, 2018, Southern Power had $103 million of cash collateral posted related to PPA requirements.
Southern Power's subsidiaries do not borrow under the commercial paper program and are not parties to, and do not borrow under, the Facility or the continuing letter of credit facility.
Credit Rating Risk
Southern Power does not have any credit arrangements that would require material changes in payment schedules or terminations as a result of a credit rating downgrade.
There are certain contracts that could require collateral, but not accelerated payment, in the event of a credit rating change to BBB and/or Baa2, or below. These contracts are for physical electricity purchases and sales, fuel transportation and storage, energy price risk management, transmission, and foreign currency risk management.transmission.
The maximum potential collateral requirements under these contracts at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 were as follows:
Credit RatingsMaximum Potential
Collateral
Requirements
Maximum Potential
Collateral
Requirements
(in millions)(in millions)
At BBB and/or Baa2$38
$37
At BBB- and/or Baa3$392
$372
At BB+ and/or Ba1(*)
$1,127
$959
(*)Any additional credit rating downgrades at or below BB- and/or Ba3 could increase collateral requirements up to an additional $38 million.
Included in these amounts are certain agreements that could require collateral in the event that Alabama Power or Georgia Power has a credit rating change to below investment grade. Generally, collateral may be provided by a Southern Company guaranty, letter of credit, or cash. Additionally, a credit rating downgrade could impact the ability of Southern Power to access capital markets and would be likely to impact the cost at which it does so.
In addition, Southern Power has a PPA that could require collateral, but not accelerated payment, in the event of a downgrade of Southern Power's credit. The PPA requires credit assurances without stating a specific credit rating. The amount of collateral required would depend upon actual losses resulting from a credit downgrade.
On March 24, 2017, S&P revised its consolidatedWhile it is unclear how the credit rating outlook foragencies may respond to the Tax Reform Legislation, certain financial metrics, such as the funds from operations to debt percentage, used by the credit rating agencies to assess Southern Company and its subsidiaries, (includingincluding Southern Power) from stablePower, may be negatively impacted. Absent actions by Southern Power to negative.mitigate the resulting impacts, which, among other alternatives, could include adjusting Southern Power's capital structure, Southern Power's credit ratings could be negatively affected.
Financing Activities
Southern Power did not issue or redeem any securities during the sixthree months ended June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. However, Southern Power received $5 million of third-party tax equity during the three months ended March 31, 2018 related to the Gaskell West 1 solar facility.

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In addition to any financings that may be necessary to meet capital requirements and contractual obligations, Southern Power plans to continue, when economically feasible, a program to retire higher-cost securities and replace these obligations with lower-cost capital if market conditions permit.

SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS
AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
Successor  Predecessor Successor  Predecessor
For the Three Months Ended June 30,  For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,  For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017  2016 2017  20162018 2017
(in millions)  (in millions) (in millions)  (in millions)(in millions)
Operating Revenues:            
Natural gas revenues (includes revenue taxes of
$19, $17, $67, and $57 for the periods presented,
respectively)
$684
  $539
 $2,214
  $1,841
Natural gas revenues (includes revenue taxes of $51 and $48, respectively)$1,631
 $1,521
Alternative revenue programs(24) 9
Other revenues32
  32
 62
  64
32
 30
Total operating revenues716
  571
 2,276
  1,905
1,639
 1,560
Operating Expenses:            
Cost of natural gas232
  184
 951
  755
720
 719
Cost of other sales6
  7
 13
  14
7
 7
Other operations and maintenance213
  213
 467
  454
276
 255
Depreciation and amortization125
  104
 244
  206
129
 120
Taxes other than income taxes44
  37
 114
  99
77
 70
Merger-related expenses
  53
 
  56
Goodwill impairment42
 
Total operating expenses620
  598
 1,789
  1,584
1,251
 1,171
Operating Income (Loss)96
  (27) 487
  321
Operating Income388
 389
Other Income and (Expense):            
Earnings from equity method investments29
  1
 68
  2
42
 39
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(48)  (48) (94)  (96)(59) (46)
Other income (expense), net3
  2
 7
  5
12
 7
Total other income and (expense)(16)  (45) (19)  (89)(5) 
Earnings (Loss) Before Income Taxes80
  (72) 468
  232
Income taxes (benefit)31
  (24) 180
  87
Net Income (Loss)49
  (48) 288
  145
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
  3
 
  14
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Southern Company Gas$49
  $(51) $288
  $131
Earnings Before Income Taxes383
 389
Income taxes104
 150
Net Income$279
 $239
The accompanying notes as they relate to Southern Company Gas are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)
 
 Successor  Predecessor Successor  Predecessor
 For the Three Months Ended June 30,  For the Three Months Ended June 30, For the Six Months Ended June 30,  For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 2017  2016 2017  2016
 (in millions)  (in millions) (in millions)  (in millions)
Net Income (Loss)$49
  $(48) $288
  $145
Other comprehensive income (loss):         
Qualifying hedges:         
Changes in fair value, net of tax of
$(1), $(7), $(2), and $(23), respectively
(1)  (12) (2)  (41)
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in
net income, net of tax of $-, $-, $-, and $-,
respectively

  2
 
  1
Pension and other postretirement benefit plans:         
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in
net income, net of tax of $-, $2, $-, and $4,
respectively

  2
 (1)  5
Total other comprehensive income (loss)(1)  (8) (3)  (35)
Comprehensive Income (Loss)48
  (56) 285
  110
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to
noncontrolling interest

  3
 
  14
Comprehensive Income (Loss) Attributable to
Southern Company Gas
$48
  $(59) $285
  $96
 For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
 2018 2017
 (in millions)
Net Income$279
 $239
Other comprehensive income (loss):   
Qualifying hedges:   
Changes in fair value, net of tax of $- and $(1), respectively1
 (1)
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net income,
net of tax of $1 and $-, respectively
2
 
Pension and other postretirement benefit plans:   
Reclassification adjustment for amounts included in net income,
net of tax of $- and $(1), respectively
(1) (1)
Total other comprehensive income (loss)2
 (2)
Comprehensive Income$281
 $237
The accompanying notes as they relate to Southern Company Gas are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
Successor  Predecessor
For the Six Months Ended June 30,  For the Six Months Ended June 30,For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
2017  20162018 2017
(in millions)  (in millions)(in millions)
Operating Activities:       
Net income$288
  $145
$279
 $239
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operating activities —       
Depreciation and amortization, total244
  206
129
 120
Deferred income taxes144
  8
47
 46
Stock based compensation expense19
  20
Hedge settlements
  (26)
Mark-to-market adjustments(49)  162
(59) (82)
Goodwill impairment42
 
Other, net(53)  (77)(2) 26
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities —       
-Receivables420
  181
175
 115
-Natural gas for sale, net of temporary LIFO liquidation223
  273
413
 411
-Prepaid income taxes24
  151
21
 24
-Other current assets(12)  37
14
 19
-Accounts payable(102)  43
(119) (216)
-Accrued taxes(8)  41
28
 19
-Accrued compensation(12)  (21)(38) (14)
-Other current liabilities25
  (30)48
 49
Net cash provided from operating activities1,151
  1,113
978
 756
Investing Activities:       
Property additions(684)  (509)(268) (301)
Cost of removal, net of salvage(25)  (32)(14) (11)
Change in construction payables, net23
  (7)(46) (12)
Investment in unconsolidated subsidiaries(111)  (14)(29) (81)
Other investing activities16
  3
(4) 2
Net cash used for investing activities(781)  (559)(361) (403)
Financing Activities:       
Decrease in notes payable, net(631)  (896)(483) (234)
Proceeds —    
First mortgage bonds
  250
Capital contributions from parent company57
  
Senior notes450
  350
Redemptions and repurchases — First mortgage bonds
  (125)
Distributions to noncontrolling interest
  (19)
Payment of common stock dividends(221)  (128)(118) (111)
Other financing activities(6)  10
6
 1
Net cash used for financing activities(351)  (558)(595) (344)
Net Change in Cash and Cash Equivalents19
  (4)
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Period19
  19
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period$38
  $15
Net Change in Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash22
 9
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at Beginning of Period78
 24
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at End of Period$100
 $33
Supplemental Cash Flow Information:       
Cash paid (received) during the period for —    
Interest (net of $7 and $3 capitalized for 2017 and 2016, respectively)$105
  $119
Income taxes, net20
  (100)
Cash paid during the period for —   
Interest (net of $1 and $3 capitalized for 2018 and 2017, respectively)$52
 $41
Noncash transactions — Accrued property additions at end of period84
  41
89
 53
The accompanying notes as they relate to Southern Company Gas are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)
 
Assets At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Current Assets:        
Cash and cash equivalents $38
 $19
 $94
 $73
Receivables —        
Energy marketing receivables 482
 623
 448
 607
Customer accounts receivable 270
 364
 509
 400
Unbilled revenues 69
 239
 210
 285
Other accounts and notes receivable 63
 76
 51
 103
Accumulated provision for uncollectible accounts (35) (27) (36) (28)
Materials and supplies 24
 26
Natural gas for sale 477
 631
 235
 595
Prepaid expenses 69
 80
 66
 53
Assets from risk management activities, net of collateral 114
 128
 145
 135
Other regulatory assets, current 72
 81
 75
 94
Other current assets 20
 10
 51
 78
Total current assets 1,663
 2,250
 1,848
 2,395
Property, Plant, and Equipment:        
In service 14,850
 14,508
 16,056
 15,833
Less: Accumulated depreciation 4,550
 4,439
 4,670
 4,596
Plant in service, net of depreciation 10,300
 10,069
 11,386
 11,237
Construction work in progress 779
 496
 511
 491
Total property, plant, and equipment 11,079
 10,565
 11,897
 11,728
Other Property and Investments:        
Goodwill 5,967
 5,967
 5,925
 5,967
Equity investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries 1,610
 1,541
 1,504
 1,477
Other intangible assets, net of amortization of $80 and $34
at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively
 320
 366
Other intangible assets, net of amortization of $136 and $120
at March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively
 264
 280
Miscellaneous property and investments 21
 21
 20
 21
Total other property and investments 7,918
 7,895
 7,713
 7,745
Deferred Charges and Other Assets:        
Other regulatory assets, deferred 963
 973
 878
 901
Other deferred charges and assets 186
 170
 232
 218
Total deferred charges and other assets 1,149
 1,143
 1,110
 1,119
Total Assets $21,809
 $21,853
 $22,568
 $22,987
The accompanying notes as they relate to Southern Company Gas are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.


SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)

Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Current Liabilities:        
Securities due within one year $22
 $22
 $177
 $157
Notes payable 626
 1,257
 1,035
 1,518
Energy marketing trade payables 534
 597
 437
 546
Accounts payable 327
 348
 392
 446
Customer deposits 134
 153
 112
 128
Accrued taxes —        
Accrued income taxes 23
 26
 77
 40
Other accrued taxes 63
 68
 76
 78
Accrued interest 50
 48
 65
 51
Accrued compensation 45
 58
 55
 74
Liabilities from risk management activities, net of collateral 20
 62
 18
 69
Other regulatory liabilities, current 146
 102
 179
 135
Accrued environmental remediation, current 63
 69
Temporary LIFO liquidation 69
 
 54
 
Other current liabilities 113
 108
 143
 159
Total current liabilities 2,235
 2,918
 2,820
 3,401
Long-term Debt 5,677
 5,259
 5,859
 5,891
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:        
Accumulated deferred income taxes 2,091
 1,975
 1,104
 1,089
Deferred credits related to income taxes 1,083
 1,063
Employee benefit obligations 432
 441
 413
 415
Other cost of removal obligations 1,638
 1,616
 1,650
 1,646
Accrued environmental remediation, deferred 353
 357
 333
 342
Other regulatory liabilities, deferred 50
 51
Other deferred credits and liabilities 91
 127
 107
 118
Total deferred credits and other liabilities 4,655
 4,567
 4,690
 4,673
Total Liabilities 12,567
 12,744
 13,369
 13,965
Common Stockholder's Equity:        
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share —        
Authorized — 100 million shares        
Outstanding — 100 shares 
 
 
 
Paid in capital 9,164
 9,095
 9,228
 9,214
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) 55
 (12)
Accumulated deficit (55) (212)
Accumulated other comprehensive income 23
 26
 26
 20
Total common stockholder's equity 9,242
 9,109
 9,199
 9,022
Total Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity $21,809
 $21,853
 $22,568
 $22,987
The accompanying notes as they relate to Southern Company Gas are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.



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FIRST QUARTER 2018 vs. FIRST QUARTER 2017


OVERVIEW
Southern Company Gas is an energy services holding company whose primary business is the distribution of natural gas through utilities in seven states – Illinois, Georgia, Virginia, New Jersey, Florida, Tennessee, and Maryland. Southern Company Gas and its subsidiaries are also involved in several other complementary businesses.
Southern Company Gas has four reportable segments – gas distribution operations, gas marketing services, wholesale gas services, and gas midstream operations – and one non-reportable segment – all other. For additional information on these segments, see Note (K)(L) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein and "BUSINESS – The Southern Company System – Southern Company Gas" in Item 1 of the Form 10-K.
Many factors affect the opportunities, challenges, and risks of Southern Company Gas' business. These factors include the ability to maintain safety, to maintain constructive regulatory environments, to maintain and grow natural gas sales and number of customers, and to effectively manage and secure timely recovery of costs. Southern Company Gas hasThese costs include those related to projected long-term demand growth, environmental standards, reliability, natural gas, and capital expenditures, including updating and expanding the natural gas distribution systems. The natural gas distribution utilities have various regulatory mechanisms that operate to address cost recovery. Effectively operating pursuant to these regulatory mechanisms and appropriately balancing required costs and capital expenditures with customer prices will continue to challenge Southern Company Gas for the foreseeable future.
Merger and Acquisition Activities
On July 1, 2016,In October 2017, a Southern Company Gas completedsubsidiary, Pivotal Utility Holdings, entered into agreements for the Merger, which was accounted for by Southern Company using the acquisition methodsale of accounting whereby the assets acquiredof two of its natural gas distribution utilities, Elizabethtown Gas and liabilities assumed were recognized at fairElkton Gas, to South Jersey Industries, Inc. for a total cash purchase price of $1.7 billion. As of March 31, 2018, the net book value as of the acquisition date. Pushdown accountingassets to be disposed of in the sale was applied to createapproximately $1.5 billion, which includes approximately $0.5 billion of goodwill. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes and, as a new cost basis forresult, a deferred tax liability has not yet been provided. Through the completion of the asset sales, Southern Company Gas assets, liabilities, and equity asintends to invest approximately $0.1 billion in capital additions required for ordinary business operations of the acquisition date. Accordingly, the successor financial statements reflect a new basisthese assets. The completion of accounting and successor and predecessor period financial results (separated by a heavy black line) are presented, but are not comparable. As a result of the application of acquisition accounting, certain discussions herein include disclosure of the predecessor and successor periods. See Note (I)each asset sale is subject to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information relatingsatisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, including, among other customary closing conditions, the receipt of required regulatory approvals, including the FERC, the New Jersey BPU, and, with respect to the Merger.
In September 2016,sale of Elkton Gas, the Maryland PSC. Southern Company Gas paid approximately $1.4 billionand South Jersey Industries, Inc. made joint filings in December 2017 and on January 16, 2018 with the New Jersey BPU and the Maryland PSC, respectively, requesting regulatory approval. The asset sales are expected to acquire a 50% equity interest in SNG. be completed by the end of the third quarter 2018.
On March 31, 2017,April 11, 2018, Southern Company Gas made an additional $50and its subsidiary Pivotal Home Solutions entered into a stock purchase agreement with American Water Enterprises LLC for the sale of Pivotal Home Solutions for a purchase price of approximately $365 million, contributionincluding estimated working capital. In contemplation of the transaction, a goodwill impairment charge of $42 million was recorded as of March 31, 2018. The remaining goodwill of $242 million is not deductible for tax purposes and, as a result, a deferred tax liability has not been provided. The completion of this transaction is subject to maintain its 50% equity interest in SNG. Southern Company Gas recorded equity investment incomethe satisfaction or waiver of $24 millioncertain conditions, including, among other customary closing conditions, approval from the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation and $58 million from this investment inthe expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976. The transaction is expected to be completed by the end of the second quarter and year-to-date 2017, respectively. See Note (J) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein and Notes 4 and 11 to the financial statements2018.
The ultimate outcome of Southern Company Gas under "Equity Method Investments – SNG" and "Investment in SNG," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.these matters cannot be determined at this time.
In October 2016, Southern Company Gas completed its purchase of Piedmont's 15% interest in SouthStar, which eliminated the noncontrolling interest associated with SouthStar. See Note 4 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Variable Interest Entities" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Operating Metrics
Southern Company Gas continues to focus on several operating metrics, including Heating Degree Days, customer count, and volumes of natural gas sold. For additional information on these indicators, see MANAGEMENT'S

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DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – RESULTS OF OPERATIONSOVERVIEW – "Operating Metrics" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K.
Southern Company Gas measures weather and the effect on its business using Heating Degree Days. Generally, increased Heating Degree Days result in higher demand for natural gas on Southern Company Gas' distribution system. With the exception of Southern Company Gas' utilities in Illinois and Florida, Southern Company Gas has various regulatory mechanisms, such as weather normalization mechanisms,and straight-fixed-variable rate design, which limit its exposure to weather changes within typical ranges in each of its utilities' respective service territory. However, the utility customers in Illinois and the gas marketing services customers primarily in Georgia and Illinois can be impacted by warmer- or colder-than-normal weather. Southern Company Gas utilizes weather hedges at gas distribution operations and gas marketing services to reduce negative earnings impact in the event of warmer-than-normal weather, while retaining all of the

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FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


earnings upside in the event of colder-than-normal weather for gas distribution operations in Illinois and most of the earnings upside for gas marketing services.these businesses.
The number of customers atserved by gas distribution operations and energy customers at gas marketing services can be impacted by natural gas prices, economic conditions, and competition from alternative fuels. Gas marketing services' customers are primarily located in Georgia, Illinois, and Illinois.Ohio.
Southern Company Gas' natural gas volume metrics for gas distribution operations and gas marketing services illustrate the effects of weather and customer demand for natural gas. Wholesale gas services' physical sales volumes represent the daily average natural gas volumes sold to its customers.
See RESULTS OF OPERATIONS herein for additional information on these operating metrics.
Seasonality of Results
DuringHeating Season is the months ofperiod from November through March when natural gas usage and operating revenues are generally higher as more customers are connected to the gas distribution systems and natural gas usage is higher in periods of colder weather. Occasionally in the summer, wholesale gas services' operating revenues are impacted due to peak usage by power generators in response to summer energy demands. Southern Company Gas' base operating expenses, excluding cost of natural gas, bad debt expense, and certain incentive compensation costs, are incurred relatively evenly during athroughout the year. Seasonality also affects the comparison of certain balance sheet items across quarters, including receivables, unbilled revenues, natural gas for sale, and notes payable. However, these items are comparable when reviewing Southern Company Gas' annual results. Operating results for the interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of annual results and can vary significantly from quarter to quarter.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Income
Net income attributable to Southern Company Gas for the successor second quarter 2017 and net loss attributable to Southern Company Gas for the predecessor second quarter 2016 were $49 million and $51 million, respectively. Net income attributable to Southern Company Gas for the successor year-to-date 2017 and the predecessor year-to-date 2016 was $288 million and $131 million, respectively.
As a result of purchasing the remaining interest in SouthStar in October 2016, all net income was attributable to Southern Company Gas in the successor period.
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$40 16.7
Net income for the successor secondfirst quarter 20172018 was negatively impacted by $5$279 million compared to $239 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to the pushdown of acquisition accounting related to the Merger and included $10 million in after-tax earningsadditional revenues from the SNG investment, net of related interest expense. Also reflected in net income was an increase of $12 million, after tax, from additional infrastructure investments recovered through replacement programs at gas distribution operations, net of increasedless the associated increase in depreciation, and a base rate increase at Atlanta Gas Light effective March 1, 2017. The successor second quarter 2017 also included $11 million in after-tax losses from commercial activity and $8 million in after-tax mark-to-market gains at wholesale gas services.
Net loss attributable to Southern Company Gas for the predecessor second quarter 2016 included $39 million in after-tax Merger-related expenses, as well as $5 million in after-tax losses frombase rate increases, higher commercial activity at wholesale gas services, and $50 milliona decrease in net after-tax mark-to-market lossesincome tax expense, partially offset by a goodwill impairment charge at wholesale gas services and gas marketing services due to changes in natural gas price volatility in the period.
Net income attributable to Southern Company Gas for the successor year-to-date 2017 was negatively impacted by $2 million due to the pushdown of acquisition accounting related to the Merger and included $25 million in after-tax earnings from the SNG investment, net of related interest expense. The successor year-to-date 2017 included an increase of $19 million, after tax, from additional infrastructure replacement programs at gas distribution operations, net of increased depreciation and a base rate increase at Atlanta Gas Light effective March 1, 2017. The successor year-to-date 2017 also included $41 million in after-tax gains from commercial activity at wholesale gas services, $27 million in net after-tax mark-to-market gains at wholesale gas services and gas marketing services and revenues deferred as regulatory liabilities for expected adjustments to customer billings as a reductionresult of $9 million, after tax, resulting from warmer-than-normal weather, netthe regulatory treatment of hedging.
Net income attributable to Southern Company Gas for the predecessor year-to-date 2016 included $41 million in after-tax Merger-related expenses and $21 million in after-tax mark-to-market gains from commercial activity atTax Reform Legislation impacts.

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wholesale gas services. Also reflected in net income was $38 million in net after-tax mark-to-market losses at wholesale gas services and gas marketing services and a decrease of $5 million, after tax, resulting from warmer-than-normal weather, net of hedging.
Natural Gas Revenues
Natural
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$77 5.0
In the first quarter 2018, natural gas revenues were $1.6 billion compared to $1.5 billion for the successor second quarter 2017 andcorresponding period in 2017.
Details of the predecessor second quarter 2016 were $684 million and $539 million, respectively. Natural gas revenues for the successor year-to-date 2017 and the predecessor year-to-date 2016 were $2.2 billion and $1.8 billion, respectively.
Natural gas revenues for the successor second quarter 2017 included recovery of $232 million in cost of natural gas and $12 million in net losses from wholesale gas services. Also includedchanges in natural gas revenues were $26 millionas follows:
  First Quarter 2018
  (in millions) (% change)
Natural gas – prior year $1,530
  
Estimated change resulting from –    
Infrastructure replacement programs and base rate increases 47
 3.0 %
Tax reform regulatory liabilities (37) (2.4)
Gas costs and other cost recovery 1
 0.1
Weather 8
 0.5
Wholesale gas services 35
 2.3
Other 23
 1.5
Natural gas – current year $1,607
 5.0 %
The increase in additionalnatural gas revenue primarily relates to continued infrastructure investments recovered through replacement programs and increases in base rate revenues generated fromat gas distribution operations, an increase in commercial activity at wholesale gas services, colder weather, fixed and guaranteed bill revenue at gas marketing services as a result of continued investment in infrastructure replacement programsadopting a new revenue recognition standard, and a $2 million decrease attributablerevenue from the Dalton Pipeline at gas midstream operations. These increases were partially offset by revenues deferred as regulatory liabilities for expected adjustments to warmer-than-normal weather, net of hedging.
Natural gas revenues for the predecessor second quarter 2016 reflected recovery of $184 million in cost of natural gas and $95 million in net losses from wholesale gas services, primarily due to mark-to-market losses on storage, transportation, and forward commodity derivatives.
Natural gas revenues for the successor year-to-date 2017 included recovery of $951 million in cost of natural gas and $119 million in net revenues from wholesale gas services. Also included in natural gas revenues was $45 million in additional revenues generated from gas distribution operationscustomer billings as a result of continued investment in infrastructure replacement programs and a $15 million decrease attributable to warmer-than-normal weather, netthe regulatory treatment of hedging.
Natural gas revenues for the predecessor year-to-date 2016 reflected recovery of $755 million in cost of natural gas and $32 million in net losses from wholesale gas services. Also included in natural gas revenues was a $7 million decrease attributable to warmer-than-normal weather, net of hedging.Tax Reform Legislation impacts.
See "Segment Information"Notes (A) and (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein under "Recently Adopted Accounting Standards – Revenue" and "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas," respectively, for additional information on wholesale gas services' revenuesinformation. Also see "Segment Information – Wholesale Gas Services," " – Gas Marketing Services," and losses." – Gas Midstream Operations" herein.
Natural gas distribution rates include provisions to adjust billings for fluctuations in natural gas costs. Therefore, recoverablegas costs recovered through natural gas revenues generally equal the amount expensed in cost of natural gas and do not affect net income from gas distribution operations. See "Cost"Cost of Natural Gas"Gas" herein for additional information. Revenue impacts from weather and customer growth are described further below.

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During Heating Season, is the period from November through March when natural gas usage and operating revenues are generally higher. Weather typically does not have a significant net income impact other than during the non-HeatingHeating Season. The following table presents the Heating Degree Days information for Illinois and Georgia, the primary locations where Southern Company Gas' operations are impacted by weather.
 Second Quarter 2017
vs.
2016
 2017
vs.
normal
 Year-to-Date 2017
vs.
2016
 2017
vs.
normal
 First Quarter 2018
vs.
2017
 2018
vs.
normal
 
Normal(a)
 2017 2016 (warmer) (warmer) 
Normal(a)
 2017 2016 (warmer) (warmer) 
Normal(*)
 2018 2017 colder (warmer)
Illinois(b)
 639
 555
 639
 (13)% (13)% 3,760
 3,110
 3,340
 (7)% (17)% 3,070
 3,042
 2,560
 18.8% (0.9)%
Georgia 137
 75
 114
 (34)% (45)% 1,636
 1,000
 1,448
 (31)% (39)% 1,456
 1,364
 925
 47.5% (6.3)%
(a)(*)Normal represents the 10-year average from January 1, 20072008 through June 30, 2016March 31, 2017 for Illinois at Chicago Midway International Airport and for Georgia at Atlanta Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport, based on information obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Climatic Data Center.
Southern Company Gas hedged its exposure to warmer-than-normal weather at Nicor Gas in Illinois; therefore, the weather-related negative pre-tax income impact on gas distribution operations was limited to $2 million ($2 million after tax) and $6 million ($4 million after tax) for the first quarter 2018 and 2017, respectively. Southern Company Gas also hedged its exposure at gas marketing services to warmer-than-normal weather in Georgia and Illinois; therefore, the weather-related negative pre-tax income impact on gas marketing services was limited to $3 million ($2 million after tax) and $7 million ($4 million after tax) for the first quarter 2018 and 2017, respectively.
The following table provides the number of customers served by Southern Company Gas at March 31, 2018 and 2017:
 March 31,  
 2018 2017 2018 vs. 2017
 (in thousands, except market share %) (% change)
Gas distribution operations(a)
4,654
 4,618
 0.8 %
Gas marketing services     
Energy customers(b)
779
 661
 17.9 %
Market share of energy customers in Georgia29.2% 29.3% 

Service contracts(c)
1,175
 1,197
 (1.8)%
(a)Includes approximately 297,000 customers at Elizabethtown Gas and Elkton Gas. See OVERVIEW herein and Note (J) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Company Gas – Proposed Sale of Elizabethtown Gas and Elkton Gas" herein for additional information.
(b)The 10-year average Heating Degree Days established by the Illinois Commission in Nicor Gas' 2009 rate case is 617Includes approximately 140,000 customers as of March 31, 2018 that were contracted to serve beginning April 1, 2017.
(c)On April 11, 2018, Southern Company Gas and its subsidiary Pivotal Home Solutions entered into a stock purchase agreement for the second quartersale of Pivotal Home Solutions. See OVERVIEW herein and 3,519Note (J) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Company Gas – Proposed Sale of Pivotal Home Solutions" herein for the first six months from 1998 through 2007.additional information.
ForSouthern Company Gas anticipates overall customer growth trends at gas distribution operations to continue as it expects continued improvement in the successor second quarter 2017new housing market and the predecessor second quarter 2016, the weather-related negative pre-tax income impact was limitedlow natural gas prices. Southern Company Gas uses a variety of targeted marketing programs to $2 million in each period.attract new customers and to retain existing customers.

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Southern Company Gas hedged its exposure to warmer-than-normal weather at Nicor Gas in Illinois; therefore, the weather-related negative pre-tax income impact on gas distribution operations was limited to $5 million ($3 million after tax) and $7 million ($5 million after tax) for the successor year-to-date 2017 and the predecessor year-to-date 2016, respectively. Southern Company Gas also hedged its exposure at gas marketing services to warmer-than-normal weather in Georgia; therefore, the weather-related negative pre-tax income impact on gas marketing services was limited to $10 million ($6 million after tax) for the successor year-to-date 2017 and there was no impact for the predecessor year-to-date 2016.
The following table provides the number of customers served by Southern Company Gas at June 30, 2017 and 2016:
 June 30,  
 2017 2016 2017 vs. 2016
 (in thousands, except market share %) (% change)
Gas distribution operations4,573
 4,544
 0.6 %
Gas marketing services     
Energy customers(*)
768
 630
 21.9 %
Market share of energy customers in Georgia29.1% 29.3%  
Service contracts1,188
 1,197
 (0.8)%
(*)Includes approximately 140,000 customers as of June 30, 2017 that were contracted to serve beginning April 1, 2017.
Southern Company Gas anticipates overall customer growth trends at gas distribution operations to continue in 2017, as it expects continued improvement in the new housing market and low natural gas prices.
Gas marketing services' market share in Georgia decreased slightly at June 30, 2017 compared to June 30, 2016 as a result of a highly competitive marketing environment, which Southern Company Gas expects to continue for the foreseeable future. Southern Company Gas will continue efforts at gas marketing services to enter into targeted markets and expand its energy customers and service contracts.
Cost of Natural Gas
Cost of natural gas was $232 million for the successor second quarter 2017 and $184 million for the predecessor second quarter 2016, which primarily reflected an increase of 63% in natural gas prices during the successor second quarter 2017 compared to the corresponding period in 2016, partially offset by lower demand for natural gas driven by warmer-than-normal weather.
Cost of natural gas was $951 million for the successor year-to-date 2017 and $755 million for the predecessor year-to-date 2016, which primarily reflected an increase of 61% in natural gas prices during the successor year-to-date 2017 compared to the corresponding period in 2016, partially offset by lower demand for natural gas driven by warmer-than-normal weather.
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$1 0.1
Natural gas distribution rates include provisions to adjust billings for fluctuations in natural gas costs. Therefore, recoverablegas costs recovered through natural gas revenues generally equal the amount expensed in cost of natural gas and do not affect net income from gas distribution operations. Cost of natural gas at gas distribution operations represented 84.0% of total cost of natural gas for first quarter 2018. For additional information, see MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – RESULTS OF OPERATIONS – "Cost of Natural Gas"Gas and Other Sales" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and "Natural"Natural Gas Revenues"Revenues" herein.
In the first quarter 2018, cost of natural gas was $720 million compared to $719 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase reflects an increase in volumes of natural gas sold in 2018 as a result of colder weather, substantially offset by a 9% decrease in natural gas prices during the first quarter 2018 compared to the corresponding period in 2017.
The following table details the volumes of natural gas sold during all periods presented.
 First Quarter 2018
vs.
2017
 2018 2017 % Change
Gas distribution operations (mmBtu in millions)
     
Firm314
 263
 19.4%
Interruptible25
 25
 %
Total339
 288
 17.7%
Gas marketing services (mmBtu in millions)
     
Firm:     
Georgia16
 12
 33.3%
Illinois6
 5
 20.0%
Other emerging markets10
 5
 100.0%
Interruptible large commercial and industrial4
 4
 %
Total36
 26
 38.5%
Wholesale gas services (mmBtu in millions/day)
     
Daily physical sales6.8
 6.7
 1.5%
Other Operations and Maintenance Expenses
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$21 8.2
In the first quarter 2018, other operations and maintenance expenses were $276 million compared to $255 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily related to a $16 million increase in compensation and benefit costs, a $12 million increase for the adoption of a new paid time off policy to align with the Southern Company system, and $2 million of expense associated with the pending sales of Elizabethtown Gas and Elkton Gas. These increases were partially offset by a $10 million decrease in cost recovery mechanisms primarily related

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The following table details the volumes of natural gas sold during all periods presented.
 Second Quarter 2017
vs.
2016
 Year-to-Date 2017
vs.
2016
 2017 2016 % Change 2017 2016 % Change
Gas distribution operations 
(mmBtu in millions)
           
Firm102
 107
 (4.7)% 365
 396
 (7.8)%
Interruptible23
 22
 4.5 % 48
 49
 (2.0)%
Total125
 129
 (3.1)% 413
 445
 (7.2)%
Gas marketing services 
(mmBtu in millions)
           
Firm:           
Georgia4
 4
  % 17
 21
 (19.0)%
Illinois2
 2
  % 7
 8
 (12.5)%
Other emerging markets3
 2
 50.0 % 8
 7
 14.3 %
Interruptible:           
Large commercial and industrial3
 4
 (25.0)% 7
 8
 (12.5)%
Total12
 12
  % 39
 44
 (11.4)%
Wholesale gas services
(mmBtu in millions/day)
           
Daily physical sales6.2
 7.2
 (13.9)% 6.4
 7.6
 (15.8)%
Other Operations and Maintenance Expenses
Other operations and maintenance expenses were $213 million for both the successor second quarter 2017 and the predecessor second quarter 2016.
Other operations and maintenance expenses were $467 million for the successor year-to-date 2017 and $454 million for the predecessor year-to-date 2016. Other operations and maintenance expense for the successor year-to-date period reflected increased compensation expenses and pipeline and maintenance expenses, partially offset by lowto bad debt expense.expense at gas distribution operations. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Other Matters" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information on the new paid time off policy.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$9 7.5
In the first quarter 2018, depreciation and amortization was $125$129 million compared to $120 million for the successor second quarter 2017 and $104 million for the predecessor second quarter 2016.corresponding period in 2017. The successor second quarter 2017 included $9 million of additional net amortization of intangible assets as a result of fair value adjustments in acquisition accounting at gas midstream operations and gas distribution operations, as well as $7 million in additional depreciationincrease was primarily due to continued infrastructure investments recovered through replacement programs at gas distribution operations due to a $1.1 billion increase in gross property, plant, and equipment since June 30, 2016.
Depreciation and amortization was $244 million for the successor year-to-date 2017 and $206 million for the predecessor year-to-date 2016. The successor year-to-date 2017 included $19 million of additional net amortization of intangible assets as a result of fair value adjustments in acquisition accounting at gas midstream operations and gas distribution operations, as well as $13 million in additional depreciation at gas distribution operations due to additional assets placed in service.operations.
Taxes Other Than Income Taxes
For
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$7 10.0
In the successor secondfirst quarter 2017 and the predecessor second quarter 2016,2018, taxes other than income taxes were $44$77 million compared to $70 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The increase primarily reflects an increase in revenue tax expenses as a result of higher revenues as well as payroll taxes related to benefits under the new paid time off policy. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Other Matters" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information on the new paid time off policy.
Goodwill Impairment
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions)(% change)
$42N/A
N/A - Not applicable
In the first quarter 2018, a $42 million goodwill impairment charge was recorded in contemplation of the proposed sale of Pivotal Home Solutions.
See Note (A) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Goodwill and $37Other Intangible Assets" and Note (J) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Company Gas – Proposed Sale of Pivotal Home Solutions" herein for additional information.
Interest Expense, Net of Amounts Capitalized
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$13 28.3
In the first quarter 2018, interest expense, net of amounts capitalized was $59 million respectively. Forcompared to $46 million for the successor year-to-date 2017corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily due to additional interest expense on new debt issuances and the predecessor year-to-dateadditional commercial paper borrowings as well as a reduction in capitalized interest due to assets placed into service.

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2016, taxesOther Income (Expense), Net
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$5 71.4
In the first quarter 2018, other than income taxes were $114(expense), net was $12 million and $99compared to $7 million respectively. Taxes other than income taxes consistfor the corresponding period in 2017. The increase was primarily of revenue tax expenses, property taxes, and payroll taxes. Taxes other than income taxes in the successor periods reflected increased revenue-based taxes due to higher revenues at gas distribution operations.
Earningsa $7 million gain from Equity Method Investments
For the successor second quarter 2017, earnings from equity method investments were $29 million, which consistedsettlement of $24 million in earnings from SNG and $5 million in earnings from all other investments. For the predecessor second quarter 2016, earnings from equity method investments were not material.
For the successor year-to-date 2017, earnings from equity method investments were $68 million, which consisted of $58 million in earnings from SNG and $10 million in earnings from all other investments. For the predecessor year-to-date 2016, earnings from equity method investments were not material.
a contractor litigation claim. See Notes 4 and 11Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Equity Method Investments "Regulatory Matters SNG" and "Investment in SNG," respectively,PRP Settlement" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information on contractor litigation claims.
Income Taxes
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
(change in millions) (% change)
$(46) (30.7)
In the first quarter 2018, income taxes were $104 million compared to $150 million for the corresponding period in 2017. The decrease was primarily due to a lower federal income tax rate and amortization of excess deferred taxes as a result of the Tax Reform Legislation, partially offset by higher pre-tax earnings. See Note (J)(H) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Company GasEquity Method Investments""Effective Tax Rate" herein for additional information.
Interest Expense, Net of Amounts Capitalized
For both the successor second quarter 2017 and the predecessor second quarter 2016, interest expense, net of amounts capitalized was $48 million. The successor second quarter 2017 reflects a $10 million reduction resulting from the fair value adjustment of long-term debt in acquisition accounting, partially offset by $6 million of additional interest expense on new debt issuances in 2017 and 2016.
For the successor year-to-date 2017 and the predecessor year-to-date 2016, interest expense, net of amounts capitalized was $94 million and $96 million, respectively. The successor year-to-date 2017 reflects a $19 million reduction resulting from the fair value adjustment of long-term debt in acquisition accounting, partially offset by $12 million of additional interest expense on new debt issuances in 2017 and 2016.
Income Taxes (Benefit)
For the successor second quarter 2017 and the predecessor second quarter 2016, income taxes (benefit) were $31 million and $(24) million, respectively, driven by pre-tax earnings.
For the successor year-to-date 2017 and the predecessor year-to-date 2016, income taxes were $180 million and $87 million, respectively, driven by pre-tax earnings and the non-deductibility of certain Merger-related expenses.
Performance and Non-GAAP Measures
Prior to the Merger, Southern Company Gas evaluated segment performance using earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT), which includes operating income, earnings from equity method investments, and other income (expense), net. EBIT excludes interest expense, net of amounts capitalized and income taxes (benefit), which were evaluated on a consolidated basis for those periods. EBIT is used herein to discuss the results of Southern Company Gas' segments for the predecessor period, as EBIT was the primary measure of segment profit or loss for that period. Subsequent to the Merger, Southern Company Gas changed its segment performance measure from EBIT to net income to better align with the performance measure utilized by Southern Company. EBIT for the successor second quarter and year-to-date 2017 presented herein is considered a non-GAAP measure. Southern Company Gas also discusses consolidated EBIT, which is considered a non-GAAP measure for all periods presented. The presentation of consolidated EBIT is believed to provide useful supplemental information regarding a consolidated measure of profit or loss. Southern Company Gas further believes that the presentation of segment EBIT for the successor second quarter and year-to-date 2017 is useful as it allows for a measure of comparability to the other companies with different capital and legal structures, which accordingly may be subject to different interest rates and effective tax rates. The applicable reconciliations of net income to consolidated EBIT and segment EBIT are provided herein.

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Adjusted operating margin is a non-GAAP measure that is calculated as operating revenues minusless cost of natural gas, cost of other sales, and revenue tax expense. Adjusted operating margin excludes other operations and maintenance expenses, depreciation and amortization, and taxes other than income taxes, and Merger-related expenses, which are included in the calculation of operating income as calculated in accordance with GAAP and reflected in the consolidated statements of income. The presentation of adjusted operating margin is believed to provide useful information regarding the contribution resulting from customer growth at gas distribution operations since the cost of natural gas and revenue tax expense can vary significantly and are generally billed directly to customers. Southern Company Gas further believes that utilizing adjusted operating margin at gas marketing services, wholesale gas services, and gas midstream operations allows it to focus on a direct measure of adjusted operating margin before overhead costs. The applicable reconciliation of operating income to adjusted operating margin is provided herein.
EBIT and adjustedAdjusted operating margin should not be considered alternativesan alternative to, or a more meaningful indicatorsindicator of, Southern Company Gas' operating performance than consolidated net income attributable to Southern Company Gas or operating income as determined in accordance with GAAP. In addition, Southern Company Gas' adjusted operating margin may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies.
Successor

Predecessor Successor  Predecessor
Second Quarter 2017  Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017  Year-to-Date 2016First Quarter 2018 First Quarter 2017
(in millions)

(in millions) (in millions)  (in millions)(in millions)
Operating Income$96
  $(27) $487
  $321
$388
 $389
Other operating expenses(a)
382
  407
 825
  815
524
 445
Revenue taxes(b)
(18)  (17) (65)  (56)(50) (47)
Adjusted Operating Margin$460
  $363
 $1,247
  $1,080
$862
 $787
(a)Includes other operations and maintenance, depreciation and amortization, taxes other than income taxes, and Merger-related expenses.goodwill impairment.
(b)Nicor Gas' revenue tax expenses, which are passed through directly to customers.
 Successor  Predecessor Successor  Predecessor
 Second Quarter 2017  Second Quarter 2016 Year-to-Date 2017  Year-to-Date 2016
 (in millions)  (in millions) (in millions)  (in millions)
Consolidated Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Southern Company Gas$49
  $(51) $288
  $131
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest (*)

  3
 
  14
Income taxes31
  (24) 180
  87
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized48
  48
 94
  96
EBIT$128
  $(24) $562
  $328
(*)See Note 4 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Variable Interest Entities" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.

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Segment Information
Adjusted operating margin, operating expenses, and Southern Company Gas' primary performance metricnet income for each segment is illustrated in the tables below. See Note (K)(L) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information.

Successor

Predecessor
Second Quarter 2017

Second Quarter 2016First Quarter 2018
First Quarter 2017

 Adjusted Operating
Operating
Net

Adjusted Operating
Operating

 Adjusted Operating
Operating
Net Income
Adjusted Operating
Operating


Margin(*)

Expenses(*)

Income

Margin(*)

Expenses(*)

EBIT
Margin(a)

Expenses(a)(b)

(Loss)
Margin(a)

Expenses(a)

Net Income

(in millions)

(in millions)(in millions)
(in millions)
Gas distribution operations$409

$283

$54


$386

$269

$118
$557

$323

$149

$542

$315

$117
Gas marketing services57

48

4


66

37

29
128

95

13

105

53

31
Wholesale gas services(13)
14

(17)

(96)
16

(112)163

22

104

131

15

68
Gas midstream operations7

13

9


6

12

(5)16

15

23

9

12

15
All other3

9

(1)

2

58

(55)1

22

(10)
2

5

8
Intercompany eliminations(3)
(3)



(1)
(2)
1
(3)
(3)


(2)
(2)

Consolidated$460

$364

$49


$363

$390

$(24)$862

$474

$279

$787

$398

$239
(*)(a)OperatingAdjusted operating margin and operating expenses are adjusted for Nicor Gas'Gas revenue tax expenses, which are passed through directly to customers.
 Successor  Predecessor
 Year-to-Date 2017  Year-to-Date 2016
  Adjusted Operating Operating Net  Adjusted Operating Operating  
 
Margin(*)
 
Expenses(*)
 Income  
Margin(*)
 
Expenses(*)
 EBIT
 (in millions)  (in millions)
Gas distribution operations$951
 $596
 $171
  $911
 $560
 $353
Gas marketing services162
 101
 35
  190
 81
 109
Wholesale gas services118
 29
 51
  (36) 33
 (68)
Gas midstream operations16
 25
 25
  15
 24
 (6)
All other5
 14
 6
  4
 65
 (60)
Intercompany eliminations(5) (5) 
  (4) (4) 
Consolidated$1,247
 $760
 $288
  $1,080
 $759
 $328
(*)(b)
Operating marginexpenses include a $42 million goodwill impairment charge related to the proposed sale of Pivotal Home Solutions. See Note (A) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Goodwill and operating expenses are adjustedOther Intangible Assets" and Note (J) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Company Gas – Proposed Sale of Pivotal Home Solutions" herein for Nicor Gas' revenue tax expenses, which are passed through directly to customers.additional information.
Gas Distribution Operations
Gas distribution operations is the largest component of Southern Company Gas' business and is subject to regulation and oversight by agencies in each of the states it serves. These agencies approve natural gas rates designed to provide Southern Company Gas with the opportunity to generate revenues to recover the cost of natural gas delivered to its customers and its fixed and variable costs, including depreciation, interest, maintenance, taxes, and overhead costs, and to earn a reasonable return on its investments.
With the exception of Atlanta Gas Light, Southern Company Gas' second largest utility that operates in a deregulated natural gas market and has a straight-fixed-variable rate design that minimizes the variability of its revenues based on consumption, the earnings of the natural gas distribution utilities can be affected by customer consumption patterns that are a function of weather conditions, price levels for natural gas, and general economic conditions that may impact customers' ability to pay for natural gas consumed. Southern Company Gas has various weather mechanisms, such as weather normalization mechanisms and weather derivative instruments, that limit its exposure to weather changes within typical ranges in its natural gas distribution utilities' service territories.
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
In the first quarter 2018, net income increased $32 million, or 27.4%, compared to the corresponding period in 2017. This increase primarily relates to an increase of $15 million in adjusted operating margin, an increase of $4 million in other income (expense), net, and a decrease in income tax expense of $27 million, partially offset by an increase of $8 million in operating expenses and an increase of $6 million in interest expense, net of amounts capitalized. The increase in adjusted operating margin primarily reflects $47 million in additional revenue from continued infrastructure investments recovered through replacement programs and base rate increases, partially offset by deferrals totaling $37 million as regulatory liabilities associated with the Tax Reform Legislation impacts. The increase in other income (expense), net primarily reflects a gain from the settlement of a contractor litigation claim in 2018. The decrease in income taxes is primarily due to a lower federal income tax rate and amortization of excess deferred taxes as a result of the Tax Reform Legislation. The increase in operating expenses primarily reflects additional depreciation due to additional assets placed in service and increased compensation and benefit costs, partially offset by a decrease in cost recovery mechanisms primarily related to bad debt expense. The increase

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Successor Second Quarter 2017
Net income of $54 million includes $409 million in adjusted operating margin, $283 million in operating expenses, and $2 million in other income (expense), net, which resulted in EBIT of $128 million. Net income also includes $40 million in interest expense and $34 millionincludes the impact of the issuance of first mortgage bonds at Nicor Gas in income tax expense. Adjusted operating margin reflects $26 million in additional revenue from the continued investment in infrastructure replacement programs, a base rate increase at Atlanta Gas Light effective March 1, 2017 and a $1 million positive impact of weather, net of hedging, despite warmer-than-normal weather. Operating expenses reflect additional depreciation due to continued investment in infrastructure programs and increased pipeline compliance and maintenance activities.commercial paper borrowings during the first quarter 2018.
Predecessor Second Quarter 2016
EBIT of $118 million includes $386 million in adjusted operating margin, $269 million in operating expenses, and $1 million in other income (expense), net. Adjusted operating margin reflects revenue from continued investment in infrastructure replacement programs and increased usage and customer growth, partially offset by a $1 million negative impact of warmer-than-normal weather, net of hedging. Operating expenses reflect depreciation associated with additional assets placed in service.
Successor Year-to-Date 2017
Net income of $171 million includes $951 million in adjusted operating margin, $596 million in operating expenses, and $6 million in other income (expense), net, which resulted in EBIT of $361 million. Net income also includes $80 million in interest expense and $110 million in income tax expense. Adjusted operating margin reflects $45 million in additional revenue from continued investment in infrastructure replacement programs and a base rate increase at Atlanta Gas Light effective March 1, 2017. Also included in adjusted operating margin was increased customer growth, partially offset by a $5 million negative impact of warmer-than-normal weather, net of hedging. Operating expenses reflect a $13 million increase in depreciation associated with additional assets placed in service, as well as increased compensation expense, legal expenses, and pipeline compliance and maintenance activities.
Predecessor Year-to-Date 2016
EBIT of $353 million includes $911 million in adjusted operating margin, $560 million in operating expenses, and $2 million in other income (expense), net. Adjusted operating margin reflects revenue from continued investment in infrastructure replacement programs and increased usage and customer growth, partially offset by a $7 million negative impact of warmer-than-normal weather, net of hedging. Operating expenses reflect depreciation associated with additional assets placed in service.
Gas Marketing Services
Gas marketing services consists of several businesses that provide energy-related products and services to natural gas markets, including warranty sales. Gas marketing services is weather sensitive and uses a variety of hedging strategies, such as weather derivative instruments and other risk management tools, to partially mitigate potential weather impacts. Operating expenses primarily reflect employee costs, marketing, and bad debt expenses.
Successor SecondFirst Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
NetIn the first quarter 2018, net income decreased $18 million, or 58.1%, compared to the corresponding period in 2017. This decrease was driven by a $42 million goodwill impairment charge recorded as of $4 million includes $57 millionMarch 31, 2018 in adjusted operating margincontemplation of the sale of Pivotal Home Solutions. See Note (A) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Goodwill and $48 million in operating expenses, which resulted in EBITOther Intangible Assets" and Note (J) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Company Gas – Proposed Sale of $9 million. Net income also includes $2 million in interest expense and $3 million in income tax expense.Pivotal Home Solutions" herein for additional information. Adjusted operating margin reflects a $3increased by $23 million negative impact of warmer-than-normal weather, net of hedging. Operating expenses reflect $10 million in additional amortization of intangible assets due to fair value adjustments to certain assets$14 million for fixed and liabilities in the application of acquisition accounting.
Predecessor Second Quarter 2016
EBIT of $29 million includes $66 million in adjusted operating margin and $37 million in operating expenses. Adjusted operating margin reflects $7 million in unrealized hedge gains and a $1 million negative impact of

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weather, net of hedging. Earnings in the predecessor period include $3 million attributable to noncontrolling interest.
Successor Year-to-Date 2017
Net income of $35 million includes $162 million in adjusted operating margin and $101 million in operating expenses, which resulted in EBIT of $61 million. Net income also includes $3 million in interest expense and $23 million in income tax expense. Adjusted operating margin reflects $2 million of additionalguaranteed bill revenue as a result of fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilitiesadopting a new revenue recognition standard, $4 million for colder weather in the application of acquisition accounting, as well as a $10 million negative impact of warmer-than-normal weather,2018, net of hedging, and $7$4 million in unrealized hedge losses. Operating expenses also reflect $20 million infrom energy customers served beginning April 1, 2017 pursuant to the award of a natural gas supply agreement. See Note (A) under "Recently Adopted Accounting Standards" and Note (C) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional amortization of intangible assets due to fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities in the application of acquisition accounting.
Predecessor Year-to-Date 2016
EBIT of $109 million includes $190 million in adjusted operating margin and $81 million in operating expenses. Adjusted operating margin reflects $9 million in unrealized hedge gains. Earnings in the predecessor period include $14 million attributable to noncontrolling interest.information.
Wholesale Gas Services
Wholesale gas services is involved in asset management and optimization, storage, transportation, producer and peaking services, natural gas supply, natural gas services, and wholesale gas marketing. Southern Company Gas has positioned the business to generate positive economic earnings on an annual basis even under low volatility market conditions that can result from a number of factors. When market price volatility increases, wholesale gas services is well positioned to capture significant value and generate stronger results. Operating expenses primarily reflect employee compensation and benefits.
Successor SecondFirst Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
Net loss of $17In the first quarter 2018, net income increased $36 million, includes $(13)or 52.9%, compared to the corresponding period in 2017. This increase primarily relates to a $32 million increase in adjusted operating margin and $14 million in operating expenses, which resulted in a loss before interest and taxesdecrease of $27 million. Also included in net loss is $1 million in interest expense and $11 million in income tax benefit.
Predecessor Second Quarter 2016
Loss before interest and taxesexpense, partially offset by an increase of $112$7 million includes $(96) millionin operating expenses. Details of the increase in adjusted operating margin and $16 millionare provided in operating expenses.
Successor Year-to-Date 2017
Netthe table below. The decrease in income of $51 million includes $118 million in adjusted operating margin and $29 milliontax expense was driven by a lower federal income tax rate, partially offset by higher pretax earnings. The increase in operating expenses which resulted in EBIT of $89 million. Net income also includes $3 million in interest expenseprimarily reflects higher compensation and $35 million in income taxbenefit expense.
Predecessor Year-to-Date 2016
Loss before interest and taxes of $68 million includes $(36) million in adjusted operating margin, $33 million in operating expenses, and $1 million in other income (expense), net.
 First Quarter 2018 First Quarter 2017
 (in millions)
Commercial activity recognized$172
 $80
Gain on storage derivatives2
 4
Gain (loss) on transportation and forward commodity derivatives(16) 44
LOCOM adjustments, net of current period recoveries(3) 
Purchase accounting adjustments to fair value inventory and contracts8
 3
Adjusted operating margin$163
 $131

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The following table illustrates the components of wholesale gas services' adjusted operating margin for the periods presented.
 Successor

Predecessor  Successor  Predecessor
 Second Quarter 2017  Second Quarter 2016  Year-to-Date 2017  Year-to-Date 2016
 (in millions)

(in millions)  (in millions)  (in millions)
Commercial activity recognized$(18)  $(8)  $69
  $34
Gain (loss) on storage derivatives17
  (36)  18
  (38)
Gain (loss) on transportation and forward commodity derivatives(2)  (52)  37
  (31)
LOCOM adjustments, net of current period recoveries(1)  
  (1)  (1)
Impact of purchase accounting adjustments(9)  
  (5)  
Adjusted Operating Margin$(13)  $(96)  $118
  $(36)
Change in Commercial Activity
The increase in commercial activity at wholesalein the first quarter 2018 compared to the corresponding period in 2017 was primarily due to natural gas services includes recognition of storage and transportation valuesprice volatility that werewas generated in prior periods, which reflect the impact of prior period hedge gains and losses as associated physical transactions occur. Warmer-than-normal weather during the 2016/2017 Heating Season, lowerby significantly colder weather. Also contributing to this increase was higher power generation volumes and build-out of new U.S. pipeline infrastructure, along with increases indecreased natural gas supply, caused low volatility and a tightening of locational or transportation spreads in 2017, negatively impacting the amount of commercial activity revenues generated relative to demand fees for contracted pipeline transportation and storage capacity, and minimum sharing under asset management agreements. However, as natural gas prices and forward storage or time spreads increased, wholesale gas services was able to capture higher storage values that it expects to recognize as commercial activity revenues when natural gas is physically withdrawn from storage. Southern Company Gas anticipates continued low volatility in certain areas of wholesale gas services' portfolio.supply.
Change in Storage and Transportation Derivatives
Volatility in the natural gas market arises from a number of factors, such as weather fluctuations or changes in supply or demand for natural gas in different regions of the U.S. The volatility of natural gas commodity prices has a significant impact on Southern Company Gas' customer rates, long-term competitive position against other energy sources, and the ability of wholesale gas services to capture value from locational and seasonal spreads. In 2017 and 2016, there was little price volatility; however, the potential exists for market fundamentals indicating some level of increased volatility that would benefit Southern Company Gas' portfolio of pipeline transportation capacity. Additionally, during the first six months of 2017,2018, forward storage or time spreads applicable to the locations of wholesale gas services' specific storage positions resulted in storage derivative gains. Transportation and forward commodity derivative gainslosses are primarily the result of narrowingwidening transportation basis spreads due to some reduction in supply constraints resulting from new U.S. pipeline infrastructure and increases in natural gas supply and warmer-than-normalcolder weather, which impacted forward prices at natural gas receipt and delivery points, primarily in the Northeast and Midwest regions.
Withdrawal Schedule and Physical Transportation Transactions
The expected natural gas withdrawals from storage and expected offset to prior hedge losses/gains associated with the transportation portfolio of wholesale gas services are presented in the following table, along with the net operating revenues expected at the time of withdrawal from storage and the physical flow of natural gas between contracted transportation receipt and delivery points. Wholesale gas services' expected net operating revenues exclude storage and transportation demand charges, as well as other variable fuel, withdrawal, receipt, and delivery charges, but are net of theand exclude estimated impact of profit sharing under its asset management agreements. Further, the amounts that are realizable in future periods are based on the inventory withdrawal schedule, planned physical flow of natural gas between the transportation receipt and delivery points, and forward natural gas prices at June 30,

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2017.March 31, 2018. A portion of wholesale gas services' storage inventory and transportation capacity is economically hedged with futures contracts, which results in the realization of substantially fixed net operating revenues.
 Storage withdrawal schedule  
 
Total storage
(WACOG $2.75)
 
Expected net operating gains(a)
 
Physical transportation transactions – expected net operating losses(b)
 (in mmBtu in millions) (in millions) (in millions)
201736.5
 $5
 $(10)
2018 and thereafter30.9
 12
 (27)
Total at June 30, 201767.4
 $17
 $(37)
 Storage withdrawal schedule  
 
Total storage
(WACOG $2.37)
 
Expected net operating gains(a)
 
Physical transportation transactions – expected net operating gains(b)
 (in mmBtu in millions) (in millions) (in millions)
201817.6
 $3
 $4
2019 and thereafter2.5
 1
 12
Total at March 31, 201820.1
 $4
 $16
(a)Represents expected operating gains from planned storage withdrawals associated with existing inventory positions and could change as wholesale gas services adjusts its daily injection and withdrawal plans in response to changes in future market conditions and forward NYMEX price fluctuations.
(b)Represents the periods associated with the transportation derivative gains and (losses) during which the derivatives will be settled and the physical transportation transactions will occur that offset the derivative gains and losses that were previously recognized.
The unrealized storage and transportation derivative gains do not change the underlying economic value of wholesale gas services' storage and transportation positions and will be reversed when the related transactions occur and are recognized. For more information on wholesale gas services' energy marketing and risk management activities, see MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Market Price Risk" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K.
Gas Midstream Operations
Gas midstream operations consists primarily of gas pipeline investments, with storage and fuels also aggregated into this segment. Gas pipeline investments consist of theinclude SNG, interest, Horizon Pipeline, Atlantic Coast Pipeline, PennEast Pipeline, Dalton Pipeline, and Magnolia Enterprise Holdings, Inc. See Note (J) to the Condensed
Financial Statements herein and Notes 4 and 11 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Equity
Method Investments – SNG" and "Investment in SNG," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional
information.
Successor Second Quarter 2017
Net income of $9 million includes $7 million in adjusted operating margin, $13 million in operating expenses, $28 million in earnings from equity method investments, which consists primarily of equity in earnings from the investment in SNG, and $1 million in other income (expense), net, which resulted in EBIT of $23 million. Also included in net income are $8 million in interest expense and $6 million in income tax expense.
Predecessor Second Quarter 2016
Loss before interest and taxes of $5 million includes $6 million in adjusted operating margin, $12 million in operating expenses, and $1 million of other income (expense), net.
Successor Year-to-Date 2017
Net income of $25 million includes $16 million in adjusted operating margin, $25 million in operating expenses, $66 million in earnings from equity method investments, which consists primarily of equity in earnings from the investment in SNG, and $2 million in other income (expense), net, which resulted in EBIT of $59 million. Also included in net income are $17 million in interest expense and $17 million in income tax expense.
Predecessor Year-to-Date 2016
Loss before interest and taxes of $6 million includes $15 million in adjusted operating margin, $24 million in operating expenses, and $3 million of other income (expense), net.

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Dalton Pipeline, and Magnolia Enterprise Holdings, Inc. See Note (K) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein and Note 4 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
In the first quarter 2018, net income increased $8 million, or 53.3%, compared to the corresponding period in 2017. This increase primarily relates to a $7 million increase in adjusted operating margin primarily due to the Dalton Pipeline being placed in service, lower costs at the storage facilities, and a $3 million net increase in earnings from equity method investments in SNG, PennEast Pipeline, and Horizon Pipeline.
All Other
All other includes Southern Company Gas' investment in Triton, AGL Services Company, and Southern Company Gas Capital, as well as various corporate operating expenses that are not allocated to the reportable segments and interest income (expense) associated with affiliate financing arrangements. There were no Merger-related expenses for
First Quarter 2018 vs. First Quarter 2017
In the successor secondfirst quarter or year-to-date2018, net income decreased $18 million compared to the corresponding period in 2017. For the predecessor second quarter 2016 and year-to-date 2016, Merger-related expenses includedThis decrease primarily reflects a $17 million increase in operating expenses were $53and a $4 million increase in interest expense, net of amounts capitalized, partially offset by a $4 million decrease in income taxes. The increase in operating expenses primarily reflects a $12 million increase in compensation expense resulting from the adoption of the new paid time off policy. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Other Matters" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information on the new paid time off policy. The increase in interest expense was primarily associated with new debt issuances and $56 million, respectively.additional commercial paper borrowings. The decrease in income taxes is primarily due to a lower federal income tax rate.
Segment Reconciliations
Reconciliations of consolidated net income attributable to Southern Company Gas to EBIT for the successor second quarter and year-to-date 2017, and operating income to adjusted operating margin for all periods presented,the first quarter 2018 and 2017 are reflected in the following tables. See Note (K)(L) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for additional information.

Successor

Second Quarter 2017

Gas Distribution OperationsGas Marketing ServicesWholesale Gas ServicesGas Midstream OperationsAll OtherIntercompany EliminationConsolidated

(in millions)
Consolidated Net Income$54
$4
$(17)$9
$(1)$
$49
Income taxes34
3
(11)6
(1)
31
Interest expense, net of
amounts capitalized
40
2
1
8
(3)
48
EBIT$128
$9
$(27)$23
$(5)$
$128
 Successor
 Year-to-Date 2017
 Gas Distribution OperationsGas Marketing ServicesWholesale Gas ServicesGas Midstream OperationsAll OtherIntercompany EliminationConsolidated
 (in millions)
Consolidated Net Income$171
$35
$51
$25
$6
$
$288
Income taxes110
23
35
17
(5)
180
Interest expense, net of
amounts capitalized
80
3
3
17
(9)
94
EBIT$361
$61
$89
$59
$(8)$
$562

Successor

Second Quarter 2017First Quarter 2018

Gas Distribution OperationsGas Marketing ServicesWholesale Gas ServicesGas Midstream OperationsAll OtherIntercompany EliminationConsolidatedGas Distribution OperationsGas Marketing ServicesWholesale Gas ServicesGas Midstream OperationsAll OtherIntercompany EliminationConsolidated

(in millions)(in millions)
Operating Income (Loss)$126
$9
$(27)$(6)$(6)$
$96
$234
$33
$141
$1
$(21)$
$388
Other operating expenses(a)
301
48
14
13
9
(3)382
373
95
22
15
22
(3)524
Revenue tax expense(b)
(18)




(18)(50)




(50)
Adjusted Operating Margin$409
$57
$(13)$7
$3
$(3)$460
$557
$128
$163
$16
$1
$(3)$862

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 Successor
 Year-to-Date 2017
 Gas Distribution OperationsGas Marketing ServicesWholesale Gas ServicesGas Midstream OperationsAll OtherIntercompany EliminationConsolidated
 (in millions)
Operating Income (Loss)$355
$61
$89
$(9)$(9)$
$487
Other operating expenses(a)
661
101
29
25
14
(5)825
Revenue tax expense(b)
(65)




(65)
Adjusted Operating Margin$951
$162
$118
$16
$5
$(5)$1,247

Predecessor

Second Quarter 2016

Gas Distribution OperationsGas Marketing ServicesWholesale Gas ServicesGas Midstream OperationsAll OtherIntercompany EliminationConsolidated

(in millions)
Operating Income (Loss)$117
$29
$(112)$(6)$(56)$1
$(27)
Other operating expenses(a)
286
37
16
12
58
(2)407
Revenue tax expense(b)
(17)




(17)
Adjusted Operating Margin$386
$66
$(96)$6
$2
$(1)$363
Predecessor
Year-to-Date 2016First Quarter 2017
Gas Distribution OperationsGas Marketing ServicesWholesale Gas ServicesGas Midstream OperationsAll OtherIntercompany EliminationConsolidatedGas Distribution OperationsGas Marketing ServicesWholesale Gas ServicesGas Midstream OperationsAll OtherIntercompany EliminationConsolidated
(in millions)(in millions)
Operating Income (Loss)$351
$109
$(69)$(9)$(61)$
$321
$227
$52
$116
$(3)$(3)$
$389
Other operating expenses(a)
616
81
33
24
65
(4)815
362
53
15
12
5
(2)445
Revenue tax expense(b)
(56)




(56)(47)




(47)
Adjusted Operating Margin$911
$190
$(36)$15
$4
$(4)$1,080
$542
$105
$131
$9
$2
$(2)$787
(a)Includes other operations and maintenance, depreciation and amortization, taxes other than income taxes, and Merger-related expenses.goodwill impairment.
(b)Nicor Gas' revenue tax expenses, which are passed through directly to customers.
FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL
The results of operations discussed above are not necessarily indicative of Southern Company Gas' future earnings potential. The level of Southern Company Gas' future earnings depends on numerous factors that affect the opportunities, challenges, and risks of itsSouthern Company Gas' primary business of natural gas distribution and its complementary businesses in the gas marketing services, wholesale gas services, and gas midstream operations sectors. These factors include Southern Company Gas' ability to maintain a constructive regulatory environment that allows for the timely recovery of prudently-incurred costs, the completion and subsequent operation of ongoing infrastructure and other construction projects, creditworthiness of customers, Southern Company Gas' ability to optimize its transportation and storage positions, and its ability to re-contract storage rates at favorable prices.
Future earnings in the near term will depend, in part, upon maintainingbe driven by customer growth and growing sales and customers which are subject to a numbervariety of other factors. These factors include weather, competition, new energy contracts with other utilities and other wholesale customers, energy conservation practiced

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by customers, the use of alternative energy sources by customers, the price of natural gas, the price elasticity of demand, and the rate of economic growth or decline in Southern Company Gas' service territories. Demand for natural gas is primarily driven by economic growth. Thethe pace of economic growth and natural gas demandthat may be affected by changes in regional and global economic conditions, which may impact future earnings.
Current proposals related to potential federal tax reform legislation are primarily focused on reducing the corporate income tax rate, allowing 100% of capital expenditures to be deducted, and eliminating the interest deduction. The ultimate impact of any tax reform proposals is dependent on the final form of any legislation enacted and the related transition rules and cannot be determined at this time, but could have a material impact on Southern Company Gas' financial statements.
On July 6, 2017, the State of Illinois enacted tax legislation that increased the effective corporate income tax rate from 5.25% to 7.0% (making the total corporate tax rate 9.5% when combined with the 2.5% personal property replacement tax) effective July 1, 2017. In addition to increasing taxes on future earnings, this legislation will require Southern Company Gas to adjust existing accumulated deferred income tax liabilities to reflect an increased tax rate, and any portion not recoverable through rates will impact earnings. Southern Company Gas is currently evaluating these changes. The ultimate impact of this legislation cannot be determined at this time, but could have a material impact on Southern Company Gas' financial statements.
Volatility of natural gas prices has a significant impact on Southern Company Gas' customer rates, long-term competitive position against other energy sources, and the ability of its gas marketing services and wholesale gas services segments to capture value from locational and seasonal spreads. Additionally, changes in commodity prices subject a significant portion of Southern Company Gas' operations to earnings variability.
Over the longer-term,longer term, volatility is expected to be low to moderate and locational and/or transportation spreads are expected to decrease as new pipelines are built to reduce the existing supply constraints in the shale areas of the Northeast U.S. To the extent these pipelines are delayed or not built, volatility could increase. Additional economic factors may contribute to this environment, including a significant drop in oil and natural gas prices, which could lead to consolidation of natural gas producers or reduced levels of natural gas production. Further, if economic conditions continue to improve, including the new housing market, the demand for natural gas may increase, which may cause natural gas prices to rise and drive higher volatility in the natural gas markets on a longer-term basis.
For additional information relating to these issues, see "Risk Factors" of Southern Company Gas in Item 1A of the Form 10-K.
In September 2016, Southern Company Gas acquired a 50% equity interest in SNG. See OVERVIEW – "Merger and Acquisition Activities" and Note (J) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein and Notes 4 and 11 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Equity Method Investments – SNG" and "Investment in SNG," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information. As part of its business strategy, Southern Company Gas regularly considers and evaluates joint development arrangements as well as acquisitions and dispositions of businesses and assets.
In October 2017, Southern Company Gas subsidiary, Pivotal Utility Holdings, entered into agreements for the sale of the assets of two of its natural gas distribution utilities, Elizabethtown Gas and Elkton Gas, to South Jersey Industries, Inc; the asset sales are expected to be completed by the end of the third quarter 2018. Net income attributable to Elizabethtown Gas and Elkton Gas for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $30 million. However, due to the seasonal nature of the natural gas business and other factors including, but not limited to, weather, regulation, competition, customer demand, and general economic conditions, the first quarter 2018 net income is not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any other period.

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On April 11, 2018, Southern Company Gas and its subsidiary Pivotal Home Solutions entered into a stock purchase agreement with American Water Enterprises LLC for the sale of Pivotal Home Solutions; the stock purchase agreement is expected to be completed by the end of the second quarter 2018. Net income attributable to Pivotal Home Solutions for the three months ended March 31, 2018 was $4 million, exclusive of the goodwill impairment charge.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
See OVERVIEW and Note (J) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Company Gas" herein for additional information on these dispositions. See OVERVIEW "Seasonality of Results" for additional information on seasonality.
Environmental Matters
Compliance costs related to federal and stateNew or revised environmental statuteslaws and regulations could affect many areas of Southern Company Gas' operations. The impact of any such changes cannot be determined at this time. Environmental compliance costs could affect earnings if such costs cannot continue to be fully recovered in rates on a timely basis or through market-based contracts. Environmental compliance spending over the next several years may differ materially from the amounts estimated. The timing, specific requirements, and estimated costs could change as environmental statutes and regulations are adopted or modified, as compliance plans are revised or updated, and as legal challenges to rules are completed.basis. Further, higherincreased costs that are recovered through regulated rates could contribute to reduced demand for natural gas, which could negatively affect results of operations, cash flows, and financial condition. Additionally, many commercial and industrial customers may also be affected by existing and future environmental requirements, which for some may have the potential to ultimately affect their demand for natural gas. See Note (B) under ""Environmental Matters Environmental Remediation" to the Condensed Financial Statements herein and MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Environmental Matters" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Environmental Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.

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FERC Matters
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "FERC Matters" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 and Note 4 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the Dalton Pipeline project.
On August 1, 2017, the Dalton Pipeline was placed in service as authorized by the FERC and transportation service for customers commenced.
Regulatory Matters
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory MattersSouthern Company Gas" herein for additional information regarding Southern Company Gas' regulatory matters.
Riders
Nicor Gas has established a variable tax cost adjustment rider, which was approved byOn April 19, 2018, the Illinois Commission effective July 16, 2017.approved Nicor Gas' variable income tax adjustment rider. This rider provides for refund or recovery of changes in income tax expense that result from income tax rates that differ from those used in Nicor Gas' last rate case. Customer refunds related to the invested capital tax imposed on Nicor Gas through an annual true-up and reconciliation mechanism. Accordingly, this rider will not have a significant effect on Southern Company Gas' net income.2018 impacts are expected to begin in July 2018.
Natural Gas Cost Recovery
Southern Company Gas has established natural gas cost recovery rates approved by the relevant state regulatory agencies in the states in which it serves. Natural gas cost recovery revenues are adjusted for differences in actual recoverable natural gas costs and amounts billed in current regulated rates. Changes in the billing factor will not have a significant effect on Southern Company Gas' revenues or net income, but will affect cash flows.
Base Rate Cases
Settled Base Rate Cases
On February 21, 2017, the Georgia PSC approved the Georgia Rate Adjustment Mechanism (GRAM) and a $20 million increase in annual base rate revenues for Atlanta Gas Light, effective March 1, 2017. GRAM adjusts base rates annually, up or down, based on the previously approved ROE of 10.75% and does not collect revenue through special riders and surcharges. Various infrastructure programs previously authorized by the Georgia PSC under Atlanta Gas Light's STRIDE program, which include the Integrated Vintage Plastic Replacement Program, Integrated System Reinforcement Program, and Integrated Customer Growth Program, will continue under GRAM and the recovery of and return on the infrastructure program investments will be included in annual base rate adjustments. The Georgia PSC will review Atlanta Gas Light's performance annually under GRAM.
Beginning with the next rate adjustment in June 2018, Atlanta Gas Light's recovery of the previously unrecovered Pipeline Replacement Program revenue through 2014, as well as the mitigation costs associated with the Pipeline Replacement Program that were not previously included in its rates, will also be included in GRAM. In connection with the GRAM approval, the last monthly Pipeline Replacement Program surcharge increase became effective March 1, 2017.Case
In September 2016, ElizabethtownOctober 2017, Florida City Gas filed a general base rate case with the New Jersey BPUFlorida PSC requesting aan annual revenue increase of $19 million, which included an interim rate increase in annual base rate revenues. The requested increaseof $5 million annually that was based on a projected 12-month test year endingapproved and became effective January 12, 2018, subject to refund. On March 31, 2017 and a ROE of 10.25%. On June 30, 2017,26, 2018, the New Jersey BPUFlorida PSC approved a settlement that, after including the impact of the Tax Reform Legislation, provides for a $13an $11.5 million increase in annual base rate revenues, effective JulyJune 1, 2017,2018, based on a ROE of 9.6%10.19%. Also included inUnder the terms of the settlement, wasFlorida City Gas agreed not to file a new composite depreciationbase rate that is expectedcase with an effective date prior to resultJune 1, 2022 and will receive full recovery of the costs related to its LNG facility to be constructed through additional increases in a $3 million annual reductionbase rate revenues of depreciation.

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$2.5 million on June 1, 2019 or the in-service date, whichever is later, and $1.3 million on December 1, 2019. If the facility is placed in service after December 1, 2019, the entire additional $3.8 million increase will take effect upon the in-service date of the LNG facility.
Pending Base Rate Cases
On March 10, 2017, NicorFebruary 15, 2018, Chattanooga Gas filed a general base rate case with the IllinoisTennessee Public Utility Commission (PUC) requesting a $208$7 million increase in annual base rate revenues. The requested increase, iswhich, in accordance with a Tennessee PUC order, incorporated the effects of the Tax Reform Legislation, was based on a 2018 projected test year ending June 30, 2019 and a ROE of 10.7%11.25%. The Illinois Commission is expected to rule on the requested increase within the 11-month statutory time limit, after which rate adjustments will be effective.
On March 31, 2017, Virginia Natural Gas filed a general base rate case with the Virginia Commission requesting a $44 million increase in annual base rate revenues. The requested increase is based on a projected 12-month test year beginning September 1, 2017 and a ROE of 10.25%. The requested increase includes $13 million related to the recovery of investments under the Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy (SAVE) program. The Virginia CommissionTennessee PUC is expected to rule on the requested increase in the firstthird quarter 2018. Rate adjustments are
In December 2017, Atlanta Gas Light filed its 2018 annual rate adjustment with the Georgia PSC, which, if approved, would have increased annual base rate revenues by $22 million, effective June 1, 2018. On February 23, 2018, Atlanta Gas Light revised its filing to reflect the impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. The revised request replaced the $22 million rate increase with a $16 million rate reduction for customers in 2018. The revised request maintains the previously authorized earnings band based on a return on equity between 10.55% and 10.95% and proposes to increase the equity ratio by 3% to an equity ratio of 54% to address the negative cash flow and credit metric impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. Atlanta Gas Light also notified the Georgia PSC that it intends to seek a further equity ratio increase of 2% to an equity ratio of 56% in its 2019 filing. The Georgia PSC is expected to berule on the revised request in the second quarter 2018.
In accordance with an Illinois Commission order and pursuant to its rehearing request, on April 13, 2018, Nicor Gas filed for revised base rates with the Illinois Commission, which would result in a decrease of approximately $44 million in annual base rate revenues effective September 1, 2017, subjectin the second quarter 2018 to refund.incorporate the reduction in the federal income tax rate as a result of the Tax Reform Legislation. Nicor Gas' previously-authorized capital structure and ROE of 9.8% were not addressed in the rehearing and remain unchanged. The Illinois Commission is expected to rule on the request on May 2, 2018.
The ultimate outcome of these pending base rate casesmatters cannot be determined at this time.
Other
The New Jersey BPU, Maryland PSC, and Virginia Commission each issued an order effective January 1, 2018 that requires utilities in their respective states to defer as a regulatory liability the impact of the Tax Reform Legislation, including the reduction in the corporate income tax rate to 21% and the impact of excess deferred income taxes. On March 26, 2018, the New Jersey BPU approved an $11 million reduction in Elizabethtown Gas' annual base rate revenues effective April 1, 2018 on an interim basis, subject to refund, pending final approval. On March 28, 2018, the Maryland PSC approved a $0.1 million reduction in Elkton Gas' annual base rate revenues effective April 1, 2018. Credits will be issued to customers in New Jersey and Maryland later in 2018 for the impact of the Tax Reform Legislation on the January 2018 through March 2018 billing periods. On April 25, 2018, the Virginia Commission issued an order indicating that any proposal beyond a proposed base rate reduction to reflect the cost savings from the Tax Reform Legislation must be made through a general base rate case. Virginia Natural Gas expects to finalize its strategy to address the impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation on or before July 1, 2018.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.

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Regulatory Infrastructure Programs
Southern Company Gas is engaged in various infrastructure programs that update or expand its gas distribution systems to improve reliability and ensure the safety of its utility infrastructure, and recovers in rates its investment and a return associated with these infrastructure programs.
Nicor Gas
In 2014, the Illinois Commission approved Nicor Gas' nine-year regulatory infrastructure program, Investing Expenditures incurred in Illinois. Under this program, Nicor Gas placed into service $75 million of qualifying assets during the first sixthree months of 2017.2018 were as follows:
Atlanta Gas Light
Atlanta Gas Light's STRIDE program, which started in 2009, consists of three individual programs that update and expand gas distribution systems and liquefied natural gas facilities as well as improve system reliability to meet operational flexibility and customer growth. Through the programs under STRIDE, Atlanta Gas Light invested $94 million during the first six months of 2017.
In August 2016, Atlanta Gas Light filed a petition with the Georgia PSC for approval of a four-year extension of its Integrated System Reinforcement Program (i-SRP) seeking approval to invest an additional $177 million to improve and upgrade its core gas distribution system in years 2017 through 2020.
Utility Program First Quarter 2018
    (in millions)
Nicor Gas Investing in Illinois $31
Atlanta Gas Light Georgia Rate Adjustment Mechanism (GRAM) infrastructure spending 62
Virginia Natural Gas Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy 11
Florida City Gas Safety, Access, and Facility Enhancement Program 2
Total   $106
The recoverySee MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Regulatory Matters Infrastructure Replacement Programs and Capital Projects" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 and return on current and future capital investmentsNote 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Regulatory Matters Regulatory Infrastructure Programs" in Item 8 of the STRIDE program will be included in the annual base rate revenue adjustment under GRAM rather than a separate surcharge. The proposed capital investments associated with the extension of i-SRP were included in the 2017 annual base rate revenue under GRAM that was approved by the Georgia PSC on February 21, 2017. See "Base Rate Cases" hereinForm 10-K for additional information.
Elizabethtown GasIncome Tax Matters
In 2013, the New Jersey BPU approved the extension of Elizabethtown Gas' Aging Infrastructure Replacement program, under which Elizabethtown Gas invested $12 million during the first six months of 2017.
Virginia Natural Gas
In March 2016, the Virginia Commission approved an extension to the SAVE program, under which Virginia Natural Gas invested $14 million during the first six months of 2017.
Florida City Gas
The Florida PSC approved Florida City Gas' Safety, Access, and Facility Enhancement program in 2015. Under the program, Florida City Gas invested $7 million during the first six months of 2017.

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See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
– FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


LIQUIDITY – "Credit Rating Risk," Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas," and Note (H) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding the Tax Reform Legislation and related regulatory actions.
Other Matters
Southern Company Gas is involved in various other matters being litigated and regulatory matters that could affect future earnings. In addition, Southern Company Gas is subject to certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. The ultimate outcome of such pending or potential litigation against Southern Company Gasor regulatory matters cannot be predicted at this time; however, for current proceedings not specifically reported in Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein, management does not anticipate that the ultimate liabilities, if any, arising from such current proceedings would have a material effect on Southern Company Gas' financial statements. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for a discussion of various other contingencies and regulatory matters, and other matters being litigated which may affect future earnings potential.
Nicor Gas and Nicor Energy Services Company, wholly-owned subsidiaries of Southern Company Gas and Nicor Inc. were defendantsowns a 50% interest in a putative class action initially filedplanned LNG liquefaction and storage facility in 2011Jacksonville, Florida. Once construction is complete and the facility is operational, it will be outfitted with a 2.0 million gallon storage tank with the capacity to produce in excess of 120,000 gallons of LNG per day. It is expected to be operational in the state court in Cook County, Illinois.first half of 2018. The plaintiffs purported to represent a classultimate outcome of the customers who purchased the Gas Line Comfort Guard product from Nicor Energy Services Company and variously alleged that the marketing, sale, and billing of the Gas Line Comfort Guard product violated the Illinois Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act, constituting common law fraud and resulting in unjust enrichment of these entities. The plaintiffs sought, on behalf of the classes they purported to represent, actual and punitive damages, interest, costs, attorney fees, and injunctive relief. On February 8, 2017, the judge denied the plaintiffs' motion for class certification and Southern Company Gas' motion for summary judgment. On March 7, 2017, the parties reached a settlement, which was finalized and effective on April 3, 2017. The settlement did not have a material impact on Southern Company Gas' financial statements.this matter cannot be determined at this time.
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Southern Company Gas prepares its financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas in Item 8 of the Form 10-K. In the application of these policies, certain estimates are made that may have a material impact on Southern Company Gas' results of operations and related disclosures. Different assumptions and measurements could produce estimates that are significantly different from those recorded in the financial statements. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a complete discussion of Southern Company Gas' critical accounting policies and estimates related to Utility Regulation, Pushdown of Acquisition Accounting, Assessment of Assets, Derivatives and Hedging Activities, Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits, and Contingent Obligations.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In 2014, the FASB issued ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), replacing the existing accounting standard and industry specific guidance for revenue recognition with a five-step model for recognizing and measuring revenue from contracts with customers. The underlying principle of the standard is to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at the amount expected to be collected. The new standard also requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows arising from contracts with customers.
While Southern Company Gas expects most of its revenue to be included in the scope of ASC 606, it has not fully completed its evaluation of all revenue arrangements. The majority of Southern Company Gas' revenue, including energy provided to customers, is from tariff offerings that provide natural gas without a defined contractual term, as well as longer-term contractual agreements, including non-derivative natural gas asset management and optimization arrangements. Southern Company Gas expects that the revenue from contracts with these customers will not result in a significant shift in the timing of revenue recognition for such sales.
Southern Company Gas' ongoing evaluation of other revenue streams and related contracts includes unregulated sales to customers. Some revenue arrangements, such as energy-related derivatives and alternative revenue programs, are excluded from the scope of ASC 606 and, therefore, will be accounted for and disclosed or presented separately from revenues under ASC 606 on Southern Company Gas' financial statements. In addition, the power

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and utilities industry continues to evaluate other specific industry issues, including the applicability of ASC 606 to contributions in aid of construction (CIAC). Although final implementation guidance has not been issued, Southern Company Gas expects CIAC to be outin Item 7 of the scopeForm 10-K for a complete discussion of ASC 606.Southern Company Gas' critical accounting policies and estimates.
The new standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017.Recently Issued Accounting Standards
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" of Southern Company Gas intendsin Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). See Note (A) to use the modified retrospective method of adoption effective January 1, 2018. Southern Company Gas has also elected to utilize practical expedients which allow it to apply the standard to open contracts at the date of adoption and to reflect the aggregate effect of all modifications when identifying performance obligations and allocating the transaction priceCondensed Financial Statements herein for contracts modified before the effective date. Under the modified retrospective method of adoption, prior year reported results are not restated; however, a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings at January 1, 2018 is recorded. In addition, disclosures will include comparative information on 2018 financial statement line items under current guidance. While the adoption of ASC 606, including the cumulative-effect adjustment, is not expected to have a material impact on either the timing or amount of revenues recognized inregarding Southern Company Gas' financial statements, Southern Company Gas will continue to evaluate the requirements, as well as any additional clarifying guidance that may be issued.
On January 26, 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (ASU 2017-04). ASU 2017-04 removes the requirement to compare the implied fair value of goodwill with the carrying amount as part of Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. Under the new standard, the goodwill impairment loss will be measured as the excess of a reporting unit's carrying amount over its fair value, not exceeding the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit, which may increase the frequency of goodwill impairment charges if a future goodwill impairment test does not pass the Step 1 evaluation. ASU 2017-04 is effective prospectively for annual and interim periods beginning on or after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted on testing dates after January 1, 2017.
On March 10, 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (ASU 2017-07). ASU 2017-07 requires that an employer report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs and requires the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs to be separately presented in the income statement outside income from operations. Additionally, only the service cost component is eligible for capitalization, when applicable. However, all cost components remain eligible for capitalization under FERC regulations. ASU 2017-07 will be applied retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost component and the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in the income statement. The capitalization of the service cost component of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in assets will be applied on a prospective basis. ASU 2017-07 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods. Southern Company Gas is currently evaluating the new standard. The presentation changes required for net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs will result in a decrease in Southern Company Gas' operating income and an increase in other income for 2016 and 2017 and are expected to result in a decrease in operating income and an increase in other income for 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-07 is not expected to have a material impact on Southern Company Gas' financial statements.recently adopted accounting standards.
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY
Overview
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Overview" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information. As a result of the Merger that closed on July 1, 2016, the results reported herein include disclosure of the successor second quarter and year-to-date 2017 and the predecessor second quarter and year-to-date 2016. See OVERVIEW – "Merger and Acquisition Activities" and Note (I) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Southern Company – Merger with Southern Company Gas" herein for additional information.

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Southern Company Gas' financial condition remained stable at June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018. Southern Company Gas intends to continue to monitor its access to short-term and long-term capital markets as well as bank credit agreements to meet future capital and liquidity needs. See "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations," "Sources of Capital," and "Financing Activities" herein for additional information.
By regulation, Nicor Gas is restricted, to the extent of its retained earnings balance, in the amount it can dividend or loan to affiliates and is not permitted to make money pool loans to affiliates. Due to the increased working capital requirements associated with Nicor Gas' Investing in Illinois infrastructure replacement program, since 2015, Nicor Gas has temporarily ceased distributing dividends to Southern Company Gas. Elizabethtown Gas is restricted by its dividend policy as established by theThe New Jersey BPU inrestricts the amount itElizabethtown Gas can dividend to its parent company to the extent of 70% of its quarterly net income. Additionally, as stipulated in the New Jersey BPU's order approving the Merger, Southern Company Gas is prohibited from paying dividends to its parent company, Southern Company, if Southern Company Gas' senior unsecured debt rating falls below investment grade. As of June 30, 2017,At March 31, 2018, the amount of subsidiary retained earnings and net income availablerestricted to dividend totaled $739$776 million. These restrictions did not have any impact on Southern Company Gas' ability to meet its cash obligations, nor does management expect such restrictions to materially impact Southern Company Gas' ability to meet its currently anticipated cash obligations.
Net cash provided from operating activities totaled $1.2 billion$978 million for the successor first sixthree months of 2017 and $1.1 billion for2018, an increase of $222 million compared to the predecessor first sixthree months of 2016. These2017. The increase in net cash flows wereprovided from operating activities was primarily driven by the saledue to increased volumes of natural gas inventorysold during the respective periods.
first three months of 2018. Net cash used for investing activities totaled $781$361 million for the successor first sixthree months of 2017,2018 primarily due to gross property additions related to capital expenditures for infrastructure investments recovered through replacement programs at gas distribution operations and capital contributed to equity method investments in pipelines. Net cash used for investingfinancing activities totaled $559$595 million for the predecessor first sixthree months of 2016, primarily due to gross property additions related to capital expenditures for infrastructure replacement programs at gas distribution operations.
Net cash used for financing activities totaled $351 million for the successor first six months of 2017,2018 primarily due to net repayments of commercial paper borrowings and a common stock dividend paymentspayment to Southern Company, partially offset by proceeds from debt issuances and capital contributions from Southern Company. Net cash used for financing activities totaled $558 million for the predecessor first six months of 2016, primarily due to net repayments of commercial paper borrowings, the redemption of long-term debt, and common stock dividend payments to shareholders, partially offset by proceeds from debt issuances. Cash flows from financing activities vary from period to period based on capital needs and the maturity or redemption of securities.
Significant balance sheet changes at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 include an increasea decrease of $514 million in total property, plant, and equipment primarily due to capital expenditures for infrastructure replacement programs, an increase in long-term debt of $418 million primarily due to $450 million of senior notes issued in May 2017, and decreases of $223$413 million in natural gas for sale, includingnet of temporary LIFO liquidation, due to the use of stored natural gas stored during the first six months of 2017, and $631a $483 million decrease in notes payable primarily related primarily to net repayments of commercial paper borrowings at Nicor Gas.borrowings. Other significant balance sheet changes include decreases of $141$54 million in accounts payable as well as $159 million and $63$109 million in energy marketing receivables and payables, respectively, due to lower natural gas prices.prices, and an increase of $169 million in total property, plant, and equipment primarily due to infrastructure investments recovered through replacement programs.
Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a description of Southern Company Gas' capital requirements and contractual obligations. Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings caused $20 million aggregate principal amount of gas facility revenue bonds issued for its infrastructure programs, scheduled maturities of long-term debt and the related interest, as well as pipeline charges, storage capacity, and gas supply, operating leases, asset management agreements, standby letters of credit and performance/surety bonds, financial derivative obligations, pension and other postretirement benefit plans, and other purchase commitments, primarily related to environmental remediation liabilities. Approximately $22be redeemed. An additional $335 million will be required through June 30, 2018March 31, 2019 to fund maturities of long-term debt. See "Sources of Capital" herein for additional information.

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announced redemptions and maturities of long-term debt. See "Sources of Capital" herein for additional information.
The regulatory infrastructure programs and other construction programs are subject to periodic review and revision, and actual costs may vary from these estimates because of numerous factors. These factors include: changes in business conditions; changes in FERC rules and regulations; state regulatory approvals; changes in legislation; the cost and efficiency of labor, equipment, and materials; project scope and design changes; and the cost of capital. In addition, there can be no assurance that costs related to capital expenditures will be fully recovered. See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements of Southern Company Gas in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding additional factors that may impact infrastructure investment expenditures.
Sources of Capital
Southern Company Gas plans to obtain the funds to meet its future capital needs through operating cash flows, short-term debt borrowings under its commercial paper programs, external securities issuances, borrowings from financial institutions, and equity contributions from Southern Company. In addition, Southern Company Gas plans to utilize the proceeds from the pending sales of Elizabethtown Gas, Elkton Gas, and Pivotal Home Solutions to pay the income taxes resulting from the sales, to retire existing debt, and for general corporate purposes. However, the amount, type, and timing of any future financings, if needed, depend upon regulatory approval, prevailing market conditions, regulatory approval, and other factors. The issuance of securities by Nicor Gas is generally subject to the approval of the Illinois Commission. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Sources of Capital" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Southern Company Gas' current liabilities exceeded current assets by $572$972 million primarily as a result of $626 million$1.0 billion in notes payable. Southern Company Gas' current liabilities frequently exceed current assets because of commercial paper borrowings used to fund daily operations, scheduled maturities of long-term debt, and significant seasonal fluctuations in cash needs. Southern Company Gas intends to utilize operating cash flows, commercial paper, and debtexternal securities issuances, as market conditions permit, as well asborrowings from financial institutions, equity contributions from Southern Company, and the proceeds from the pending sales of Elizabethtown Gas, Elkton Gas, and Pivotal Home Solutions to fund its short-term capital needs. Southern Company Gas has substantial cash flow from operating activities and access to the capital markets and financial institutions to meet liquidity needs.
At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, Southern Company Gas had approximately $38$94 million of cash and cash equivalents. Committed credit arrangements with banks at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 were as follows:
Expires  
Company2022 Unused Expires 2022 Unused
(in millions) (in millions)
Southern Company Gas Capital$1,200
 $1,149
Southern Company Gas Capital(a)
 $1,400
 $1,390
Nicor Gas700
 700
 500
 500
Total$1,900
 $1,849
Total(b)
 $1,900
 $1,890
Additionally, Pivotal Utility Holdings is party to a series of loan agreements with the New Jersey Economic Development Authority and Brevard County, Florida under which five series of gas facility revenue bonds totaling $200 million have been issued.
(a)Southern Company Gas guarantees the obligations of Southern Company Gas Capital.
(b)Pursuant to the credit arrangement, the allocations between Southern Company Gas Capital and Nicor Gas may be adjusted.
See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Bank Credit Arrangements" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (E)(F) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Bank Credit Arrangements" herein for additional information.
As reflected in the table above, in May 2017,The multi-year credit arrangement of Southern Company Gas Capital and Nicor Gas terminated their existing credit arrangements for $1.3 billion and $700 million, respectively, which were to mature in 2017 and 2018, and entered into a new multi-year credit arrangement (Facility) currently allocated for $1.2 billion and $700 million, respectively, with a maturity date of 2022.
The Facility included in the table above contains a covenant that limits the ratio of debt to capitalization (as defined in each facility)the Facility) to a maximum of 70% for each of Southern Company Gas and Nicor Gas and contains a cross-acceleration provision to other indebtedness (including guarantee obligations) of the applicable company. Such cross-acceleration provision to other indebtedness would trigger an event of default of the applicable company if Southern Company Gas or Nicor Gas defaulted on indebtedness, the payment of which was then accelerated. AtThe term loan agreement for Pivotal Utility Holdings contains similar

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June 30, 2017, each of the applicableprovisions related to Southern Company Gas. At March 31, 2018, both companies waswere in compliance with such covenant. The Facility does not contain a material adverse change clause at the time of borrowings.
Subject to applicable market conditions, the applicable company expects to renew or replace the Facility as needed, prior to expiration. In connection therewith, the applicable company may extend the maturity dates and/or increase or decrease the lending commitments thereunder. A portion of unused credit with banks provides liquidity support to Southern Company Gas.
Southern Company Gas makes short-term borrowings primarily through commercial paper programs that have the liquidity support of the committed bank credit arrangements described above. Commercial paper borrowings are included in notes payable in the balance sheets.
Details of short-term borrowings were as follows:
Short-term Debt at
June 30, 2017
 
Short-term Debt During the Period(*)
Short-Term Debt at
March 31, 2018
 
Short-Term Debt During the Period(*)
Amount
Outstanding
 Weighted Average Interest Rate Average Amount Outstanding Weighted Average Interest Rate Maximum Amount OutstandingAmount
Outstanding
 Weighted Average Interest Rate Average Amount Outstanding Weighted Average Interest Rate Maximum Amount Outstanding
Commercial paper:(in millions)   (in millions)   (in millions)(in millions)   (in millions)   (in millions)
Southern Company Gas Capital$581
 1.5% $558
 1.3% $750
$855
 2.4% $960
 2.0% $1,261
Nicor Gas45
 1.4
 143
 1.2
 308
180
 2.2
 189
 1.8
 275
Short-term loans:                  
Southern Company Gas
 
 
 4.0
 40

 % 92
 2.8% 100
Total$626
 1.5% $701
 1.3%  $1,035
 2.4% $1,241
 2.0%  
(*)Average and maximum amounts are based upon daily balances during the successor three-month period ended June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018.
Southern Company Gas believes the need for working capital can be adequately met by utilizing commercial paper programs, lines of credit, and operating cash flows.
Additionally, at March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings was party to a series of loan agreements with the New Jersey Economic Development Authority and Brevard County, Florida under which five series of gas facility revenue bonds totaling $200 million had been issued. The Elizabethtown Gas asset sale agreement requires that bonds representing $180 million of the total that are currently eligible for redemption at par be redeemed on or prior to consummation of the sale. See "Financing Activities" herein for additional information regarding the redemption of these bonds.
Credit Rating Risk
Southern Company Gas does not have any credit arrangements that would require material changes in payment schedules or terminations as a result of a credit rating downgrade.
There are certain contracts that could require collateral, but not accelerated payment, in the event of a credit rating change below BBB- and/or Baa3. These contracts are for physical gas purchases and sales and energy price risk management. The maximum potential collateral requirementsrequirement under these contracts at June 30, 2017 were $9March 31, 2018 was $11 million.
Generally, collateral may be provided by a Southern Company guaranty, letter of credit, or cash. Additionally, a credit rating downgrade could impact the ability of Southern Company Gas to access capital markets, and would be likely to impact the cost at which it does so.
On March 24, 2017, S&P revised its consolidatedWhile it is unclear how the credit rating outlook foragencies and the relevant state regulatory bodies may respond to the Tax Reform Legislation, certain financial metrics, such as the funds from operations to debt percentage, used by the credit rating agencies to assess Southern Company and its subsidiaries, (includingincluding Southern Company Gas, may be negatively impacted. Absent actions by Southern Company and its subsidiaries, including Southern Company Gas, Capital, and Nicor Gas) from stable to negative.
Financing Activities
The long-term debt on Southern Company Gas' consolidated balance sheets includes both principal and non-principal components. As of June 30, 2017, the non-principal components totaled $537 million, which consisted of the unamortized portions of the fair value adjustment recorded in purchase accounting, debt premiums, debt discounts, and debt issuance costs.
In May 2017, Southern Company Gas Capital issued $450 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2017A 4.40% Senior Notes due May 30, 2047. The proceeds were used to repay Southern Company Gas' short-term indebtedness and for general corporate purposes.

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


Subsequent to June 30, 2017, Atlantamitigate the resulting impacts, which, among other alternatives, could include adjusting capital structure and/or monetizing regulatory assets, Southern Company Gas', Southern Company Gas LightCapital's, and Nicor Gas' credit ratings could be negatively affected. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas" herein for additional information.
Financing Activities
The long-term debt on Southern Company Gas' balance sheets includes both principal and non-principal components. As of March 31, 2018, the non-principal components totaled $494 million, which consisted of the unamortized portions of the fair value adjustment recorded in purchase accounting, debt premiums, debt discounts, and debt issuance costs.
On January 4, 2018, Southern Company Gas issued a floating rate promissory note to Southern Company in an aggregate principal amount of $100 million bearing interest based on one-month LIBOR. On March 28, 2018, Southern Company Gas repaid at maturity $22 million of Series C medium-term notes.this promissory note.
Subsequent to June 30, 2017, Nicor Gas agreed to issue $400March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings caused $20 million aggregate principal amount of First Mortgage Bonds ingas facility revenue bonds to be redeemed and provided notice of its intent to cause, on May 23, 2018, the remaining $180 million aggregate principal amount of gas facility revenue bonds issued for its benefit to be redeemed. Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings, as borrower, and Southern Company Gas, as guarantor, entered into a private placement, $200$181 million short-term delayed draw floating rate bank term loan agreement. Pivotal Utility Holdings has the right to borrow up to $181 million on or before May 31, 2018, upon satisfaction of certain customary conditions. Pivotal Utility Holdings expects the proceeds to be used to repay the remaining $180 million of which is expected to be issued in each of August 2017 and November 2017.gas facility revenue bonds.
In addition to any financings that may be necessary to meet capital requirements and contractual obligations, Southern Company Gas plans to continue, when economically feasible, a program to retire higher-cost securities and replace these obligations with lower-cost capital if market conditions permit.
Market Price Risk
Other than the items discussed below, there were no material changes to Southern Company Gas' disclosures about market price risk during the successor secondfirst quarter and year-to-date 2017.2018. For an in-depth discussion of Southern Company Gas' market price risks, see MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Market Price Risk" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K. Also see Notes (C)(D) and (H)(I) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information relating to derivative instruments.
Southern Company Gas is exposed to market risks, primarily commodity price risk, interest rate risk, and weather risk. Due to various cost recovery mechanisms, the natural gas distribution utilities of Southern Company Gas that sell natural gas directly to end-use customers have limited exposure to market volatility of natural gas prices. Certain natural gas distribution utilities of Southern Company Gas manage fuel-hedging programs implemented per the guidelines of their respective state regulatory agencies to hedge the impact of market fluctuations in natural gas prices for customers. For the weather risk associated with Nicor Gas, Southern Company Gas has a corporate weather hedging program that utilizes weather derivatives to reduce the risk of lower operating margins potentially resulting from significantly warmer-than-normal weather. In addition, certain non-regulated operations routinely utilize various types of derivative instruments to economically hedge certain commodity price and weather risks inherent in the natural gas industry. These instruments include a variety of exchange-traded and over-the-counter energy contracts, such as forward contracts, futures contracts, options contracts, and swap agreements. Some of these economic hedge activities may not qualify, or are not designated, for hedge accounting treatment. The following table illustratesFor the changeperiods presented below, the changes in the net fair value of Southern Company Gas' derivative instruments during all periods presented, and provides detailscontracts were as follows:

153

Table of the net fair value of contracts outstanding as of the dates presented.Contents
SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


Successor  Predecessor Successor  Predecessor
Second Quarter  Second Quarter Year-to-Date  Year-to-DateFirst Quarter First Quarter
2017  2016 2017  20162018 2017
(in millions)  (in millions) (in millions)  (in millions)(in millions)
Contracts outstanding at beginning of period, assets (liabilities), net$64
  $(44) $12
  $75
$(106) $12
Contracts realized or otherwise settled(20)  8
 (16)  (77)49
 4
Current period changes(a)
7
  (48) 55
  (82)(13) 48
Contracts outstanding at the end of period, assets (liabilities), net51
  (84) 51
  (84)(70) 64
Netting of cash collateral71
  120
 71
  120
223
 92
Cash collateral and net fair value of contracts outstanding at end of period(b)
$122
  $36
 $122
  $36
$153
 $156
(a)Current period changes also include the fair value of new contracts entered into during the period, if any.
(b)Net fair value of derivative instrumentscontracts outstanding includes premiumsexcludes premium and the intrinsic valuesvalue associated with weather derivatives of $11$4 million at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 and $5includes premium and the intrinsic value associated with weather derivatives of $19 million at June 30, 2016.March 31, 2017.

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


The maturities of Southern Company Gas' energy-related derivative contracts at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 were as follows:
  Fair Value Measurements  Fair Value Measurements
  Successor – June 30, 2017  March 31, 2018
Total
Fair Value
 MaturityTotal
Fair Value
 Maturity
 Year 1  Years 2 & 3 Years 4 and thereafter Year 1  Years 2 & 3 Years 4 and thereafter
(in millions)(in millions)
Level 1(a)
$(12) $5
 $(14) $(3)$(146) $(51) $(68) $(27)
Level 2(b)
63
 27
 30
 6
76
 22
 16
 38
Fair value of contracts outstanding at end of period(c)
$51
 $32
 $16
 $3
$(70) $(29) $(52) $11
(a)Valued using NYMEX futures prices.
(b)Valued using basis transactions that represent the cost to transport natural gas from a NYMEX delivery point to the contract delivery point. These transactions are based on quotes obtained either through electronic trading platforms or directly from brokers.
(c)Excludes cash collateral of $71$223 million as well as premium and associated intrinsic value associated with weather derivatives of $4 million at June 30, 2017.March 31, 2018.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR
THE SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ALABAMA POWER COMPANY
GEORGIA POWER COMPANY
GULF POWER COMPANY
MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY
SOUTHERN POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
(UNAUDITED)


INDEX TO THE NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note Page Number
A
B
C
D
DE
EF
FG
GH
HI
I
J
K
KL





INDEX TO APPLICABLE NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS BY REGISTRANT
The following unaudited notes to the condensed financial statements are a combined presentation. The list below indicates the registrants to which each footnote applies.
RegistrantApplicable Notes
Southern CompanyA, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L
Alabama PowerA, B, C, E,D, F, G, H, I
Georgia PowerA, B, C, E,D, F, G, H, I
Gulf PowerA, B, C, E,D, F, G, H, I
Mississippi PowerA, B, C, E,D, F, G, H, I
Southern PowerA, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J
Southern Company GasA, B, C, E,D, F, G, H, I, J, K, L


THE SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ALABAMA POWER COMPANY
GEORGIA POWER COMPANY
GULF POWER COMPANY
MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY
SOUTHERN POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:
(UNAUDITED)

(A)INTRODUCTION
The condensed quarterly financial statements of each registrant included herein have been prepared by such registrant, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. The Condensed Balance Sheets as of December 31, 20162017 have been derived from the audited financial statements of each registrant. In the opinion of each registrant's management, the information regarding such registrant furnished herein reflects all adjustments, which, except as otherwise disclosed, are of a normal recurring nature, necessary to present fairly the results of operations for the periods ended June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 and 2016.2017. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although each registrant believes that the disclosures regarding such registrant are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. Disclosures which would substantially duplicate the disclosures in the Form 10-K and details which have not changed significantly in amount or composition since the filing of the Form 10-K are generally omitted from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q unless specifically required by GAAP. Therefore, these Condensed Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Form 10-K. Due to the seasonal variations in the demand for energy, operating results for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the operating results to be expected for the full year.
Southern Company's financial statements reflect its investments in its subsidiaries, including Southern Company Gas as a result of the Merger, on a consolidated basis. Southern Company Gas' results of operations and cash flows for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and financial condition as of June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are reflected within Southern Company's consolidated amounts in these accompanying notes herein. The equity method is used for entities in which Southern Company has significant influence but does not control, including Southern Company Gas' investment in SNG, and for variable interest entities where Southern Company has an equity investment but is not the primary beneficiary. See Note (I) under "Southern CompanyMerger with Southern Company Gas" for additional information regarding the Merger.
Pursuant to the Merger, Southern Company pushed down the application of the acquisition method of accounting to the consolidated financial statements of Southern Company Gas such that the assets and liabilities are recorded at their respective fair values, and goodwill has been established for the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net identifiable assets. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements of Southern Company Gas for periods before and after July 1, 2016 (acquisition date) reflect different bases of accounting, and the financial positions and results of operations of those periods are not comparable. Throughout Southern Company Gas' condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes herein, periods prior to July 1, 2016 are identified as "predecessor," while periods after the acquisition date are identified as "successor."
Certain prior year data presented in the financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on the results of operations, financial position, or cash flows of any registrant.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

RecentlySee Note 1 to the financial statements of the registrants under "Recently Issued Accounting StandardsStandards" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Revenue
In 2014, the FASB issued ASC 606,Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), replacing the existing accounting standard and industry specificindustry-specific guidance for revenue recognition with a five-step model for recognizing and measuring revenue from contracts with customers. The underlying principle of the standard is to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at the amount expected to be collected. ASC 606 became effective on January 1, 2018 and the registrants adopted it using the modified retrospective method applied to open contracts and only to the version of the contracts in effect as of January 1, 2018. In accordance with the modified retrospective method, the registrants' previously issued financial statements have not been restated to comply with ASC 606 and the registrants did not have a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings. The new standard alsoadoption of ASC 606 had no significant impact on the timing of revenue recognition compared to previously reported results; however, it requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows arising from contracts with customers.
While the registrants expect most of their revenue to becustomers, which are included in the scope of Note (C).

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

ASC 606 they have not fully completed the evaluation of all revenue arrangements. The majority of Southern Company's, the traditional electric operating companies'provided additional clarity on financial statement presentation that resulted in reclassifications into other revenues and other operations and maintenance from other income/(expense), net at Alabama Power and Southern Company Gas' revenue, including energy providedGeorgia Power related to customers, is from tariff offerings that provide electricity or natural gas without a defined contractual term, as well as longer-term contractual commitments, including PPAs and non-derivative natural gas asset management and optimization arrangements. The majority of Southern Power's revenues includes longer-term PPAs for generation capacity and energy. The registrants expect the adoption of ASC 606 will not result in a significant shift from the current timing of revenue recognition for such transactions.
The registrants' ongoing evaluation of other revenue streams and related contracts includescertain unregulated sales to customers. Some revenue arrangements, such as certain PPAs, energy-related derivatives,of products and alternative revenue programs, are excluded from the scope of ASC 606 and, therefore, will be accounted for and disclosed or presented separately from revenues under ASC 606 on the registrants' financial statements.services. In addition, contract assets related to certain fixed retail revenues and pole attachment revenues at Georgia Power have been reclassified from unbilled revenue and other accounts and notes receivable, respectively, in accordance with the power and utilities industry continues to evaluate other specific industry issues, including the applicability of ASC 606 to contributionsguidance in aid of construction (CIAC). Although final implementation guidance has not been issued, Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, and Southern Company Gas expect CIAC to be out of the scope of ASC 606.
The new standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017. The registrants intend to use the modified retrospective method Neither of adoption effective January 1, 2018. The registrants have also elected to utilize practical expedients which allow them to apply the standard to open contracts at the date of adoption and to reflect the aggregate effect of all modifications when identifying performance obligations and allocating the transaction price for contracts modified before the effective date. Under the modified retrospective method of adoption, prior year reported results are not restated; however, a cumulative-effectthese changes resulted in an adjustment to retained earnings at January 1, 2018 is recorded. In addition, disclosures will include comparative information on 2018 financial statement line items under current guidance. While the adoption of ASC 606, including the cumulative-effect adjustment, is not expected to have a material impact on either the timing or amount of the recognition of revenues or cash flows. ASC 606 also provided additional guidance on over-time revenue recognition, resulting in a change in the timing of revenue recognized from guaranteed and fixed billing arrangements at Southern Company Gas. The increase in natural gas revenues recognized in the registrants'first quarter 2018 relates primarily to the seasonal nature of natural gas usage and is expected to be offset by decreases in natural gas revenue recognized in future periods during 2018.
The net impact of accounting for revenue under ASC 606 increased Southern Company's consolidated net income and net income per share by $10 million and $0.01 per basic share, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2018.
The specific impacts of applying ASC 606 to revenues from contracts with customers on the financial statements of Southern Company, Alabama Power, Georgia Power, and Southern Company Gas as of and for the registrants will continuethree months ended March 31, 2018 compared to evaluate the requirements, as well as any additional clarifyingpreviously recognized guidance that may be issued.is shown below.
 
As of and for the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
 As Reported
Balances Without Adoption of
ASC 606
Effect of Change
 (in millions)
Southern Company   
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income   
Natural gas revenues$1,607
$1,593
$14
Other revenues413
412
1
Other operations and maintenance1,451
1,441
10
Operating income1,376
1,371
5
Other income (expense), net60
51
9
Earnings before income taxes1,049
1,035
14
Income taxes113
109
4
Consolidated net income936
926
10
Consolidated net income attributable to Southern Company938
928
10
Basic earnings per share$0.93
$0.92
$0.01
Diluted earnings per share$0.92
$0.91
$0.01
    
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow   
Consolidated net income$936
$926
$10
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities:   
Receivables197
211
(14)
Other current assets7
(7)14
Accrued taxes(79)(75)(4)
Other current liabilities81
67
14
    

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

 
As of and for the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
 As Reported
Balances Without Adoption of
ASC 606
Effect of Change
 (in millions)
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet   
Unbilled revenues$777
$822
$(45)
Other accounts and notes receivable703
709
(6)
Other current assets286
235
51
Accrued taxes368
364
4
Other current liabilities923
937
(14)
Retained earnings9,257
9,247
10
    
Alabama Power   
Condensed Statements of Income   
Other revenues$63
$55
$8
Other operations and maintenance387
377
10
Operating income372
374
(2)
Other income (expense), net5
3
2
    
Georgia Power   
Condensed Statements of Income   
Other revenues$109
$94
$15
Other operations and maintenance408
394
14
Operating income513
512
1
Other income (expense), net38
39
(1)
    
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows   
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities:   
Receivables$135
$145
$(10)
Other current assets9
(1)10
    
Condensed Balance Sheet   
Unbilled revenues$189
$202
$(13)
Other accounts and notes receivable77
83
(6)
Other current assets39
20
19
    

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

 
As of and for the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
 As Reported
Balances Without Adoption of
ASC 606
Effect of Change
 (in millions)
Southern Company Gas   
Condensed Statements of Income   
Natural gas revenues$1,631
$1,617
$14
Operating income388
374
14
Earnings before income taxes383
369
14
Income taxes104
100
4
Net income279
269
10
    
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows   
Net income$279
$269
$10
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities:   
Accrued taxes28
32
(4)
Other current liabilities48
34
14
    
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet   
Accrued income taxes$77
$73
$4
Other current liabilities143
157
(14)
Accumulated deficit(55)(65)10
Other
On January 26, 2017,In 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04,2016-18, Intangibles – Goodwill and OtherStatement of Cash Flows (Topic 350)230): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill ImpairmentRestricted Cash (ASU 2017-04)2016-18). ASU 2017-04 removes2016-18 eliminates the requirementneed to comparereflect transfers between cash and restricted cash in operating, investing, and financing activities in the implied fair valuestatements of goodwill withcash flows. In addition, the carrying amountnet change in cash and cash equivalents during the period includes amounts generally described as part of Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. Under the new standard, the goodwill impairment loss will be measured as the excess of a reporting unit's carrying amount over its fair value, not exceeding the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit, which may increase the frequency of goodwill impairment charges if a future goodwill impairment test does not pass the Step 1 evaluation.restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The registrants adopted ASU 2017-04 is2016-18 effective prospectively for annual and interim periods beginning on or after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted on testing dates after January 1, 2017.2018 with no material impact on their financial statements. Southern Company, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas retrospectively applied ASU 2016-18 effective January 1, 2018 and have restated prior periods in the statements of cash flows by immaterial amounts. The change in restricted cash in the statements of cash flows was previously disclosed in operating activities for Southern Company and Southern Company Gas and in investing activities for Southern Company and Southern Power. See "Restricted Cash" herein for additional information.
OnIn March 10, 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (ASU 2017-07). ASU 2017-07 requires that an employer report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs and requires the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs to be separately presented in the statements of income statement outside of income from operations. Additionally, only the service cost component is eligible for capitalization, when applicable. However, all cost components remain eligible

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

for capitalization under FERC regulations.The registrants adopted ASU 2017-07 will beeffective January 1, 2018 with no material impact on their financial statements. ASU 2017-07 has been applied retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost component and the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in the statements of income statement. The capitalization of the service cost component of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs in assets will be applied on a prospective basis. ASU 2017-07 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those annual periods. Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, and Southern Company Gas are currently evaluatingGas. Since Southern Power did not participate in the new standard. The presentation changes required for net periodicqualified pension and postretirement benefit plans until December 2017, no retrospective presentation of Southern Power's net periodic benefits costs will result inis required. The requirement to limit capitalization to the service cost component of net periodic benefit costs has been applied on a decrease in Southern Company's,

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

prospective basis from the traditional electric operating companies', and Southern Company Gas' operating income and an increase in other incomedate of adoption for 2016 and 2017 and are expected to resultall registrants. The presentation changes resulted in a decrease in operating income and an increase in other income for 2018. The adoption of ASU 2017-07 is not expected to have a material impact onthe three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 for Southern Company's,Company, the traditional electric operating companies', or Southern Company Gas' financial statements.
Affiliate Transactions
Prior to the completion of Southern Company Gas' acquisition of its 50% equity interest in SNG, SCS (as agent for Alabama Power, Georgia Power, and Southern Power)companies, and Southern Company Gas had entered into long-term interstate natural gas transportation agreementsGas.
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities (ASU 2017-12). ASU 2017-12 makes more financial and non-financial hedging strategies eligible for hedge accounting, amends the related presentation and disclosure requirements, and simplifies hedge effectiveness assessment requirements. ASU 2017-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with SNG.early adoption permitted. The interstate transportation service providedregistrants adopted ASU 2017-12 effective January 1, 2018 with no material impact on their financial statements. See Note (I) for disclosures required by ASU 2017-12.
On February 14, 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (ASU 2018-02) to Alabama Power, Georgia Power, Southern Power,address the application of ASC 740, Income Taxes (ASC 740) to certain provisions of the Tax Reform Legislation. ASU 2018-02 specifically addresses the ASC 740 requirement that the effect of a change in tax laws or rates on deferred tax assets and Southern Company Gas by SNG pursuantliabilities be included in income from continuing operations, even when the tax effects were initially recognized directly in OCI at the previous rate, which strands the income tax rate differential in accumulated OCI. The amendments in ASU 2018-02 allow a reclassification from accumulated OCI to these agreements is governed byretained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the terms and conditions of SNG's natural gas tariff and is subject to FERC regulation. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, transportation costs under these agreements for Alabama Power, Georgia Power, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas were approximately $4 million, $51 million, $13 million, and $16 million, respectively.
SCS, as agent for Georgia Power and Southern Power, has agreementsTax Reform Legislation. The registrants adopted ASU 2018-02 effective January 1, 2018 with certain subsidiaries of Southern Company Gas to purchase natural gas. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, natural gas purchases made by Georgia Power and Southern Power from Southern Company Gas' subsidiaries were approximately $9 million and $56 million, respectively.no material impact on their financial statements.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
At June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2016,2017, goodwill was as follows:
GoodwillGoodwill
At June 30, 2017At December 31, 2016At March 31, 2018At December 31, 2017
(in millions)(in millions)
Southern Company$6,271
$6,251
$6,226
$6,268
Southern Power$2
$2
$2
$2
Southern Company Gas  
Gas distribution operations$4,702
$4,702
$4,702
$4,702
Gas marketing services1,265
1,265
1,223
1,265
Southern Company Gas total$5,967
$5,967
$5,925
$5,967
On April 11, 2018, Southern Company Gas entered into a stock purchase agreement for the sale of Pivotal Home Solutions. In contemplation of the transaction, a goodwill impairment charge of $42 million was recorded as of March 31, 2018. See Note (J) under "Southern Company Gas" for additional information.
Goodwill is not amortized, but is subject to an annual impairment test during the fourth quarter of each year, or more frequently if impairment indicators arise.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Other intangible assets were as follows:
At June 30, 2017 At December 31, 2016At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated Amortization
Other
Intangible Assets, Net
 Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationOther
Intangible Assets, Net
Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated Amortization
Other
Intangible Assets, Net
 Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationOther
Intangible Assets, Net
(in millions) (in millions)(in millions) (in millions)
Southern Company      
Other intangible assets subject to amortization:      
Customer relationships$288
$(57)$231
 $268
$(32)$236
$288
$(93)$195
 $288
$(83)$205
Trade names159
(11)148
 158
(5)153
159
(19)140
 159
(17)142
Patents4

4
 4

4
Backlog5
(1)4
 5
(1)4
Storage and transportation contracts64
(21)43
 64
(2)62
64
(40)24
 64
(34)30
Software and other4
(1)3
 2

2
PPA fair value adjustments456
(35)421
 456
(22)434
456
(54)402
 456
(47)409
Other18
(6)12
 17
(5)12
Total other intangible assets subject to amortization$980
$(126)$854
 $957
$(62)$895
$985
$(212)$773

$984
$(186)$798
Other intangible assets not subject to amortization:      
Federal Communications Commission licenses$75
$
$75
 $75
$
$75
75

75
 75

75
Total other intangible assets$1,055
$(126)$929
 $1,032
$(62)$970
$1,060
$(212)$848
 $1,059
$(186)$873
      
Southern Power      
Other intangible assets subject to amortization:      
PPA fair value adjustments$456
$(35)$421
 $456
$(22)$434
$456
$(54)$402
 $456
$(47)$409
      
Southern Company Gas      
Other intangible assets subject to amortization:      
Gas marketing services      
Customer relationships$221
$(53)$168
 $221
$(30)$191
$221
$(86)$135
 $221
$(77)$144
Trade names115
(6)109
 115
(2)113
115
(10)105
 115
(9)106
Wholesale gas services      
Storage and transportation contracts64
(21)43
 64
(2)62
64
(40)24
 64
(34)30
Total other intangible assets subject to amortization$400
$(80)$320
 $400
$(34)$366
$400
$(136)$264
 $400
$(120)$280

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Amortization associated with other intangible assets was as follows:
Three Months EndedSix Months EndedThree Months Ended
June 30, 2017March 31, 2018
(in millions)(in millions)
Southern Company$29
$65
$26
Southern Power$6
$13
$7
Southern Company Gas$20
$46
$16
Restricted Cash
The registrants adopted ASU 2016-18 as of January 1, 2018. See Note 12 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Southern Power" and Note 2 to the financial statements of Southern Power in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Southern Power's PPA fair value adjustments related to its business acquisitions. Also see Note (I) under "Southern Company"Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Acquisition of PowerSecure" and " Merger with Southern Company Gas" for additional information.
Property Damage Reserve
See Note 1 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Property Damage Reserve" in Item 8 of the Form 10-KOther" herein for additional information.
Gulf Power's costAt December 31, 2017, Southern Power had restricted cash primarily related to certain acquisitions and construction projects. At both March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, Southern Company Gas had restricted cash held as collateral for worker's compensation, life insurance, and long-term disability insurance.
The following tables provide a reconciliation of repairing damages from major stormscash, cash equivalents, and other uninsured property damages, including uninsured damagesrestricted cash reported within the condensed balance sheets that total to transmission and distribution facilities, generation facilities, and other property is charged to Gulf Power's property damage reserve. In accordance with a settlement agreement approved by the Florida PSC on April 4, 2017 (2017 Rate Case Settlement Agreement), Gulf Power suspended further property damage reserve accruals effective April 2017. Gulf Power may make discretionary accruals, but is required to resume accruals of $3.5 million annually if the reserve balance falls below zero. In addition, Gulf Power may initiate a storm surcharge to recover costs associated with any tropical systems named by the National Hurricane Center or other catastrophic storm events that reduce the property damage reserveamounts shown in the aggregate by approximately $31 million (75%condensed statements of cash flows for the April 1, 2017 balance) registrants that had restricted cash at March 31, 2018 and/or more. The storm surcharge would begin, on an interim basis, 60 days following the filing of a cost recovery petition, would be limited to $4.00/month for a 1,000 KWH residential customer unless Gulf Power incurs in excess of $100 million in qualified storm recovery costs in a calendar year, and would replenish the storm reserve to approximately $40 million. See Note (B) under "Regulatory MattersGulf PowerRetail Base Rate Cases" for additional details regarding the 2017 Rate Case Settlement Agreement.December 31, 2017:
 Southern CompanySouthern Company Gas
 (in millions)
At March 31, 2018  
Cash and cash equivalents$2,284
$94
Restricted cash:  
Other accounts and notes receivable6
6
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$2,290
$100
 Southern Company
Southern
Power
Southern Company Gas
 (in millions)
At December 31, 2017   
Cash and cash equivalents$2,130
$129
$73
Restricted cash:   
Other accounts and notes receivable5

5
Deferred charges and other assets12
11

Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$2,147
$140
$78
Natural Gas for Sale
Southern Company Gas' natural gas distribution utilities, with the exception of Nicor Gas, carry natural gas inventory on a WACOG basis.
Nicor Gas' natural gas inventory is carried at cost on a LIFO basis. Inventory decrements occurring during the year that are restored prior to year end are charged to cost of natural gas at the estimated annual replacement cost. Inventory decrements that are not restored prior to year end are charged to cost of natural gas at the actual LIFO cost of the inventory layers liquidated. Southern Company Gas' inventory decrement at June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 is expected

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

to be restored prior to year end. The cost of natural gas, including inventory costs, is recovered from customers under a purchased gas recovery mechanism adjusted for differences between actual costs and amounts billed; therefore, LIFO liquidations have no impact on Southern Company's or Southern Company Gas' net income.
Natural gas inventories for Southern Company Gas' non-utility businesses are carried at the lower of weighted average cost or current market price, with cost determined on a WACOG basis. For any declines in market prices below the WACOG considered to be other than temporary, an adjustment is recorded to reduce the value of natural gas inventories to market value. Southern Company Gas had no material LOCOM adjustment in any period presented.

Hypothetical Liquidation at Book Value
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)Southern Power has consolidated renewable generation projects that are partially financed by a third-party tax equity investor. The related contractual provisions represent profit-sharing arrangements because the allocations of cash distributions and tax benefits are not based on fixed ownership percentages. Therefore, the noncontrolling interest is accounted for under a balance sheet approach utilizing the hypothetical liquidation at book value (HLBV) method. The HLBV method calculates each partner's share of income based on the change in net equity the partner can legally claim in a hypothetical liquidation at the end of the period compared to the beginning of the period.
(UNAUDITED)

(B)CONTINGENCIES AND REGULATORY MATTERS
See Note 3 to the financial statements of the registrants in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for information relating to various lawsuits, other contingencies, and regulatory matters.
General Litigation Matters
Each registrant is subject to certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In addition, the business activities of Southern Company's subsidiaries are subject to extensive governmental regulation related to public health and the environment, such as regulation of air emissions and water discharges. Litigation over environmental issues and claims of various types, including property damage, personal injury, common law nuisance, and citizen enforcement of environmental requirements such as air quality and water standards, has occurred throughout the U.S. This litigation has included claims for damages alleged to have been caused by CO2 and other emissions, CCR, and alleged exposure to hazardous materials, and/or requests for injunctive relief in connection with such matters.
The ultimate outcome of such pending or potential litigation against each registrant and any subsidiaries cannot be predicted at this time; however, for current proceedings not specifically reported herein, management does not anticipate that the ultimate liabilities, if any, arising from such current proceedings would have a material effect on such registrant's financial statements.
On March 2, 2018, the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM) issued proposed administrative orders assessing a penalty of $1.25 million to Alabama Power for unpermitted discharge of fluids and/or pollutants to groundwater at five electric generating plants. The proposed orders also require the submission to the ADEM of a plan with a schedule for implementation of a comprehensive groundwater investigation, including an assessment of corrective measures, a report evaluating any deficiencies at the facilities that may have led to the unpermitted discharges, and quarterly progress reports. Alabama Power is awaiting finalization of the orders. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Southern Company
OnIn January 20, 2017, a purported securities class action complaint was filed against Southern Company, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, Atlanta Division, by Monroe County Employees' Retirement System on behalf of all persons who purchased shares of Southern Company's common stock between April 25, 2012 and October 29, 2013. The complaint alleges that Southern Company, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

made materially false and misleading statements regarding the Kemper IGCCCounty energy facility in violation of certain provisions under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The complaint seeks, among other things, compensatory damages and litigation costs and attorneys' fees. OnIn June 12, 2017, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint that provided additional detail about their claims, increased the purported class period by one day, and added certain other former Mississippi Power officers as defendants. OnIn July 27, 2017, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the plaintiffs' amended complaint with prejudice.prejudice, to which the plaintiffs filed an opposition in September 2017. On March 29, 2018, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, Atlanta Division, issued an order granting, in part, the defendants' motion to dismiss. The court dismissed certain claims against certain officers of Southern Company and Mississippi Power and dismissed the allegations related to a number of the statements that plaintiffs challenged as being false or misleading. On April 26, 2018, the defendants filed a motion for reconsideration of the court's order, seeking the dismissal of the remaining claims in the lawsuit.
OnIn February 27, 2017, Jean Vineyard filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit and, in May 2017, Judy Mesirov filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit, each in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia thatGeorgia. Each of these lawsuits names as defendants Southern Company, certain of its directors, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers. In August 2017, these two shareholder derivative lawsuits were consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia and the court has deferred the consolidated case until after certain further action in the purported securities class action complaint discussed above. The complaint allegescomplaints allege that the defendants caused Southern Company to make false or misleading statements regarding the Kemper IGCCCounty energy facility cost and schedule. Further, the complaint allegescomplaints allege that the defendants were unjustly enriched and caused the waste of corporate assets. Theassets and also allege that the individual defendants violated their fiduciary duties. Each plaintiff seeks to recover, on behalf of Southern Company, unspecified actual damages and, on hereach plaintiff's own behalf, attorneys' fees and costs in bringing the lawsuit. TheEach plaintiff also seeks certain changes to Southern Company's corporate governance and internal processes. On March 27, 2017, the court deferred this lawsuit until 30 days after certain further action in the purported securities class action complaint discussed above.
OnIn May 15, 2017, Helen E. Piper Survivor's Trust filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit in the Superior Court of Gwinnett County, State of Georgia that names as defendants Southern Company, certain of its directors, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers. The complaint alleges that the individual defendants, among other things, breached their fiduciary duties in connection with schedule delays and cost overruns associated with the construction of the Kemper IGCC.County energy facility. The complaint further alleges that the individual defendants authorized or failed to correct false and misleading statements regarding the Kemper IGCCCounty energy facility schedule and cost and failed to implement necessary internal controls to prevent harm to Southern Company. The plaintiff seeks to recover, on behalf of Southern Company, unspecified actual damages and disgorgement of profits and, on its behalf, attorneys'

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

fees and costs in bringing the lawsuit. The plaintiff also seeks certain unspecified changes to Southern Company's corporate governance and internal processes.
On June 1, 2017, Judy Mesirov filed a shareholder derivative The court has deferred the lawsuit until after certain further action in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, that names as defendants Southern Company, certain of its current and former directors, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers. Thepurported securities class action complaint alleges that the individual defendants, among other things, breached their fiduciary duties in connection with schedule delays and cost overruns associated with the construction of the Kemper IGCC. The complaint further alleges that the individual defendants authorized or failed to correct false and misleading statements regarding the Kemper IGCC schedule and cost and failed to implement necessary internal controls to prevent harm to Southern Company. The plaintiff seeks to recover, on behalf of Southern Company, unspecified actual damages, disgorgement of profits, and equitable relief and, on her own behalf, attorneys' fees and costs in bringing the lawsuit. The plaintiff also seeks certain unspecified changes to Southern Company's corporate governance and internal processes.discussed above.
Southern Company believes these legal challenges have no merit; however, an adverse outcome in any of these proceedings could have an impact on Southern Company's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity. Southern Company will vigorously defend itself in these matters, the ultimate outcome of which cannot be determined at this time.
Georgia Power
In 2011, plaintiffs filed a putative class action against Georgia Power in the Superior Court of Fulton County, Georgia alleging that Georgia Power's collection in rates of municipal franchise fees (all of which are remitted to municipalities) exceeded the amounts allowed in orders of the Georgia PSC and alleging certain state tort law claims. In November 2016, the Georgia Court of Appeals reversed the trial court's previous dismissal of the case and remanded the case to the trial court for further proceedings. Georgia Power has filed a petition for writ of certiorari with the Georgia Supreme Court.Court, which was granted in August 2017. A decision from the Georgia Supreme Court is expected in late 2018. Georgia Power believes the plaintiffs' claims have no merit and intends to vigorously defend itself in this matter. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Mississippi Power
In 2016, a complaint against Mississippi Power was filed in Harrison County Circuit Court (Circuit Court) by Biloxi Freezing & Processing Inc., Gulfside Casino Partnership, and John Carlton Dean, which was amended and refiled to include, among other things, Southern Company as a defendant. The individual plaintiff alleges that Mississippi Power and Southern Company violated the Mississippi Unfair Trade Practices Act. All plaintiffs have alleged that Mississippi Power and Southern Company concealed, falsely represented, and failed to fully disclose important facts concerning the cost and schedule of the Kemper County energy facility and that these alleged breaches have unjustly enriched Mississippi Power and Southern Company. The plaintiffs seek unspecified actual damages and punitive damages; ask the Circuit Court to appoint a receiver to oversee, operate, manage, and otherwise control all affairs relating to the Kemper County energy facility; ask the Circuit Court to revoke any licenses or certificates authorizing Mississippi Power or Southern Company to engage in any business related to the Kemper County energy facility in Mississippi; and seek attorney's fees, costs, and interest. The plaintiffs also seek an injunction to prevent any Kemper County energy facility costs from being charged to customers through electric rates. In June 2017, the Circuit Court ruled in favor of motions by Southern Company and Mississippi Power and dismissed the case. In July 2017, the plaintiffs filed notice of an appeal.
Southern Company and Mississippi Power believe this legal challenge has no merit; however, an adverse outcome in this proceeding could have a material impact on Southern Company's and Mississippi Power's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity. Southern Company and Mississippi Power will vigorously defend itself in this matter, the ultimate outcome of which cannot be determined at this time.
Southern Power
During 2015, Southern Power indirectly acquired a 51% membership interest in RE Roserock LLC (Roserock), the owner of the Roserock facility in Pecos County, Texas, which was under construction by Recurrent Energy, LLC and was subsequently placed in service in November 2016. Prior to placing the facility in service, certain solar panels were damaged during installation. While the facility currently is generating energy consistent with operational expectations and PPA obligations, Southern Power is pursuing remedies under its insurance policies and other contracts to repair or replace these solar panels. In connection therewith, Southern Power is withholding payments of approximately $26 million from the construction contractor, who has placed a lien on the Roserock facility for the same amount. The amounts withheld are included in other accounts and notes payable and other current liabilities on Southern Company's consolidated balance sheets and other accounts payable and other current liabilities on Southern Power's consolidated balance sheets. OnIn May 18, 2017, Roserock filed a lawsuit in the state district court in Pecos County, Texas, against X.L.XL Insurance America, Inc. (XL) and North American Elite Insurance Company (North American Elite) seeking recovery from an insurance policy for damages resulting from a hail storm and certain installation practices by the construction contractor, McCarthy Building Companies, Inc. (McCarthy). OnAlso in May 19, 2017, Roserock filed a separate lawsuit against McCarthy in the state district court in Travis County, Texas alleging breach of contract and breach of warranty for the damages sustained at the Roserock facility, which has since been moved to the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas. OnAdditionally in May 22, 2017, McCarthy filed a counter lawsuit against Roserock, Array Technologies, Inc., Canadian Solar (USA), Inc., XL, and North American Elite in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas alleging, among other things, breach of contract, and requesting foreclosure of mechanic's liens against Roserock. OnIn July 18, 2017, the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas consolidated the two pending lawsuits. In December 2017, the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas dismissed McCarthy's claims against Canadian Solar (USA), Inc. and dismissed cross-claims that XL and North American Elite had sought to bring against Roserock. Southern Power intends to vigorously pursue and defend these matters, the ultimate outcome of which cannot be determined at this time.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Southern Company GasEnvironmental Matters
Nicor Gas and Nicor Energy Services Company, wholly-owned subsidiaries of Southern Company Gas, and Nicor Inc. were defendants in a putative class action initially filed in 2011 in the state court in Cook County, Illinois. The plaintiffs purported to represent a class of the customers who purchased the Gas Line Comfort Guard product from Nicor Energy Services Company and variously alleged that the marketing, sale, and billing of the Gas Line Comfort Guard product violated the Illinois Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act, constituting common law fraud and resulting in unjust enrichment of these entities. The plaintiffs sought, on behalf of the classes they purported to represent, actual and punitive damages, interest, costs, attorney fees, and injunctive relief. On February 8, 2017, the judge denied the plaintiffs' motion for class certification and Southern Company Gas' motion for summary judgment. On March 7, 2017, the parties reached a settlement, which was finalized and effective on April 3, 2017. The settlement did not have a material impact on Southern Company's or Southern Company Gas' financial statements.
Environmental Remediation
The Southern Company system must comply with environmental laws and regulations that covergoverning the handling and disposal of waste and releases of hazardous substances. Under these various laws and regulations, the Southern Company system could incur substantial costs to clean up affected sites. The traditional electric operating companies and the natural gas distribution utilities in Illinois, New Jersey, Georgia, and Florida have eachall received authority from their respective state PSCs or other applicable state regulatory agencies to recover approved environmental compliance costs through regulatory mechanisms. These regulatory mechanisms are adjusted annually or as necessary within limits approved by the state PSCs or other applicable state regulatory agencies.
Georgia Power's environmental remediation liability was $12 million and $17$22 million as of June 30, 2017both March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2016, respectively.2017. Georgia Power has been designated or identified as a potentially responsible party at sites governed by the Georgia Hazardous Site Response Act and/or by the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, and assessment and potential cleanup of such sites is expected.
Gulf Power's environmental remediation liability includes estimated costs of environmental remediation projects of approximately $51$49 million and $44$52 million as of June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2016,2017, respectively. These estimated costs primarily relate to site closure criteria by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) for potential impacts to soil and groundwater from herbicide applications at Gulf Power's substations. The schedule for completion of the remediation projects is subject to FDEP approval. The projects have been approved by the Florida PSC for recovery through Gulf Power's environmental cost recovery clause; therefore, these liabilities have no impact on net income.
Southern Company Gas' environmental remediation liability was $416$369 million and $426$388 million as of June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2016,2017, respectively, based on the estimated cost of environmental investigation and remediation associated with known current and former manufactured gas plant operating sites. These environmental remediation expenditures are recoverable from customers through rate mechanisms approved by the applicable state regulatory agencies of the natural gas distribution utilities, with the exception of one site representing $5$2 million of the total accrued remediation costs.
The finalultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time. However,time; however, as a result of the regulatory treatment for environmental remediation expenses described above, the final disposition of these matters is not expected to have a material impact on the financial statements of Southern Company, Georgia Power, Gulf Power, or Southern Company Gas.
FERC Matters
MunicipalMarket-Based Rate Authority
The traditional electric operating companies and Rural Associations TariffSouthern Power have authority from the FERC to sell electricity at market-based rates. Since 2008, that authority, for certain balancing authority areas, has been conditioned on compliance with the requirements of an energy auction, which the FERC found to be tailored mitigation that addresses potential market power concerns. In accordance with FERC regulations governing such authority, the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power filed a triennial market power analysis in 2014, which included continued reliance on the energy auction as tailored mitigation. In 2015, the FERC issued an order finding that the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's existing tailored mitigation may not effectively mitigate the potential to exert market power in certain areas served by the traditional electric operating companies and in some adjacent areas. The FERC directed the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power to show why market-based rate authority should not be revoked in these areas or to provide a mitigation plan to further address market power concerns. The traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power filed a request for rehearing and filed their response with the FERC in 2015.
See Note 3In 2016, the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power filed an amendment to their market-based rate tariff that proposed certain changes to the financial statementsenergy auction, as well as several non-tariff changes. In February 2017, the FERC issued an order accepting all such changes subject to an additional condition of Mississippi Power under "FERC Matters" in Item 8cost-based price caps for certain sales outside of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding a settlement agreement entered into by Mississippi Power regarding theenergy auction, finding that all of these changes would provide adequate

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

establishment of a regulatory assetalternative mitigation for Kemper IGCC-related costs. See "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for information regarding the Kemper IGCC.
In March 2016, Mississippi Power reached a settlement agreement with its wholesale customers, which was subsequently approved by the FERC, for an increase in wholesale base revenues under the MRA cost-based electric tariff, primarily as a result of placing scrubbers for Plant Daniel Units 1 and 2 in service in 2015. The settlement agreement became effective for services rendered beginning May 1, 2016, resulting in an estimated annual revenue increase of $7 million under the MRA cost-based electric tariff. Additionally, under the settlement agreement, the tariff customers agreed to similar regulatory treatment for MRA tariff ratemaking as the treatment approved for retail ratemaking through an order issued by the Mississippi PSC in December 2015 (In-Service Asset Rate Order). This regulatory treatment primarily includes (i) recovery of the Kemper IGCC assets currently operational and providing service to customers and other related costs, (ii) amortization of the Kemper IGCC-related regulatory assets included in rates under the settlement agreement over the 36 months ending April 30, 2019, (iii) Kemper IGCC-related expenses included in rates under the settlement agreement no longer being deferred and charged to expense, and (iv) removing all of the Kemper IGCC CWIP from rate base with a corresponding increase in accrual of AFUDC. The additional resulting AFUDC totaled approximately $22 million through the suspension of Kemper IGCC start-up activities.
See "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle" herein for additional information.
Fuel Cost Recovery
Mississippi Power has a wholesale MRA and a Market Based (MB) fuel cost recovery factor. At June 30, 2017, the amount of over-recovered wholesale MRA fuel costs included in the balance sheets was $7 million compared to $13 million at December 31, 2016. Over-recovered wholesale MB fuel costs included in the balance sheets were immaterial at June 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "FERC Matters Fuel Cost Recovery" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Market-Based Rate Authority
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Mississippi Power under "FERC Matters Market-Based Rate Authority" and Note 3 to the financial statements of Alabama Power, Georgia Power, Gulf Power, and Southern Power under "FERC Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's potential to exert market power proceedingin certain areas served by the traditional electric operating companies and amendment to their market-rate tariff.
Onin some adjacent areas. In May 17, 2017, the FERC accepted the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's compliance filing accepting the terms of the order. While the FERC's February 2, 2017 order regardingreferences the market power proceeding discussed above, it remains a separate, ongoing matter.
In October 2017, the FERC issued an amendment byorder in response to the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's June 29, 2017 triennial updated market power analysis. The FERC directed the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power to theirshow cause within 60 days why market-based rate tariff. Whileauthority should not be revoked in certain areas adjacent to the FERC'sarea presently under mitigation in accordance with the February 2017 order referencesor to provide a mitigation plan to further address market power concerns. In November 2017, the traditional electric operating companies'companies and Southern Power's market power proceeding, it remains a separate, ongoing matter.Power responded to the FERC and proposed to resolve matters by applying the alternative mitigation authorized by the February 2017 order to the adjacent areas made the subject of the October 2017 order.

The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)Cooperative Energy Power Supply Agreement
(UNAUDITED)
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "FERC Matters – Cooperative Energy Power Supply Agreement" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Cooperative Energy's network integration transmission service agreement (NITSA) with SCS.

On March 23, 2018, the FERC accepted the amendment to the NITSA between Cooperative Energy and SCS, effective April 1, 2018.
Regulatory Matters
Alabama Power
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Alabama Power under "Regulatory Matters Alabama Power" and "Retail Regulatory Matters," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Alabama Power's recovery of retail costs through various regulatory clauses and accounting orders. The balance of each regulatory clause recovery on the balance sheet follows:
Regulatory ClauseBalance Sheet Line ItemJune 30,
2017
December 31,
2016
Balance Sheet Line ItemMarch 31,
2018
December 31,
2017


(in millions) (in millions)
Rate CNP Compliance(*)
Deferred under recovered regulatory clause revenues$6
$9
Rate CNP ComplianceDeferred under recovered regulatory clause revenues$15
$17
Rate CNP PPAOver recovered regulatory clause revenues1

Deferred under recovered regulatory clause revenues8
12
Deferred under recovered regulatory clause revenues
142
Retail Energy Cost RecoveryOther regulatory liabilities, current11
76
Deferred under recovered regulatory clause revenues78
25
Natural Disaster ReserveOther regulatory liabilities, deferred56
69
Other regulatory liabilities, deferred38
38
(*)In accordance with an accounting order issued on February 17, 2017 by the Alabama PSC, Alabama Power reclassified $36 million of its under recovered balance for Rate CNP Compliance to a deferred regulatory asset account.
GeorgiaOn May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved modifications to Rate RSE and other commitments designed to position Alabama Power to address the growing pressure on its credit quality resulting from the Tax Reform Legislation, without increasing retail rates under Rate RSE in the near term. Alabama Power plans to reduce growth in total debt by increasing equity, with corresponding reductions in debt issuances, thereby de-leveraging its capital structure. Alabama Power's goal is to achieve an equity ratio of approximately 55% by the end of 2025.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Rate PlansRSE
The approved modifications to Rate RSE are effective June 2018 and applicable for January 2019 billings and thereafter. The modifications include reducing the top of the allowed weighted common equity return (WCER) range from 6.21% to 6.15% and modifications to the refund mechanism applicable to prior year actual results. The modifications to the refund mechanism allow Alabama Power to retain a portion of the revenue that causes the actual WCER for a given year to exceed the allowed range.
Generally, if Alabama Power's actual WCER range is between 6.15% and 7.65%, customers will receive 25% of the amount between 6.15% and 6.65%, 40% of the amount between 6.65% and 7.15%, and 75% of the amount between 7.15% and 7.65%. Customers will receive all amounts in excess of an actual WCER of 7.65%.
In conjunction with these modifications to Rate RSE, Alabama Power committed to a moratorium on any upward adjustments under Rate RSE for 2019 and 2020. Additionally, Alabama Power will return $50 million to customers through bill credits in 2019. Alabama Power typically has three to five business days to indicate its acceptance of the Alabama PSC's actions following issuance of the related Alabama PSC order. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
In accordance with an established retail tariff that provides for an interim adjustment to customer billings to recognize the impact of a change in the statutory income tax rate, Alabama Power will also return approximately $257 million to retail customers through bill credits in the second half of 2018 as a result of the change in the federal income tax rate under the Tax Reform Legislation.
Rate ECR
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved an increase to Rate ECR from 2.015 cents per KWH to 2.353 cents per KWH effective July 2018 which is expected to result in additional collections of approximately $100 million through December 31, 2018. The approved increase in the Rate ECR factor will have no significant effect on Alabama Power's net income, but will increase operating cash flows related to fuel cost recovery in 2018. The rate will return to 5.910 cents per KWH in 2019, absent a further order from the Alabama PSC. Alabama Power typically has three to five business days to indicate its acceptance of the Alabama PSC's actions following issuance of the related Alabama PSC order. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Accounting Order
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved an accounting order that authorizes Alabama Power to defer the benefits of federal excess deferred income taxes associated with the Tax Reform Legislation for the year ending December 31, 2018 as a regulatory liability. Up to $30 million of such deferrals may be used to offset under-recovered amounts under Rate ECR, with any remaining amounts to be used for the benefit of customers as determined by the Alabama PSC. Alabama Power expects the benefits deferred to total approximately $30 million to $50 million. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time. See Note 35 to the financial statements of Southern Company and GeorgiaAlabama Power under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia"Federal Tax Reform Legislation" and of Alabama Power – Rate Plans"under "Current and "Retail Regulatory Matters – Rate Plans," respectively,Deferred Income Taxes" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Georgia Power
Georgia Power's revenues from regulated retail operations are collected through various rate mechanisms subject to the oversight of the Georgia PSC. Georgia Power currently recovers its costs from the regulated retail business through the 2013 ARP, which includes traditional base tariff rates, Demand-Side Management tariffs, Environmental Compliance Cost Recovery tariffs, and Municipal Franchise Fee tariffs. In addition, financing costs related to thecertified construction costs of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are being collected through the NCCR tariff and fuel costs are collected through a separate fuel cost recovery tariff. See "Nuclear Construction" herein and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Nuclear"Nuclear Construction" and Georgia Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Nuclear Construction" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the NCCR tariff. Also see "Fuel Cost Recovery" herein and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Fuel Cost Recovery" and Georgia Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Fuel Cost Recovery" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding fuel cost recovery.
Integrated Resource PlanRate Plans
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Georgia Power under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Integrated Resource Plan"Rate Plans" and "Retail Regulatory Matters – Integrated Resource Plan,Rate Plans," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Georgia Power's triennial Integrated Resource Plan.2013 ARP and the Georgia PSC's 2018 order related to the Tax Reform Legislation.
On March 7, 2017,April 3, 2018, the Georgia PSC approved a settlement agreement between Georgia Power's decision to suspend work at a future generation site in Stewart County, Georgia, due to changing economics, including load forecastsPower and lower fuel costs. The timing

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

the staff of recovery for costs incurred of approximately $50 million will be determined by the Georgia PSC regarding the retail rate impact of the Tax Reform Legislation (Georgia Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement). Pursuant to the Georgia Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, to reflect the federal income tax rate reduction impact of the Tax Reform Legislation, Georgia Power will refund to customers a total of $330 million through bill credits of $131 million in October 2018, $96 million in June 2019, and $103 million in February 2020. In addition, Georgia Power is deferring as a futureregulatory liability (i) the revenue equivalent of the tax expense reduction resulting from legislation lowering the Georgia state income tax rate from 6.00% to 5.75% in 2019 and (ii) the entire benefit of approximately $700 million in federal and state excess accumulated deferred income taxes. The amortization of these regulatory liabilities is expected to be addressed in Georgia Power's next base rate case, which is scheduled to be filed by July 1, 2019. If there is not a base rate case in 2019, customers will receive $185 million in annual bill credits beginning in 2020, with any additional federal and state income tax savings deferred as a regulatory liability, until Georgia Power's next base rate case.
To address the negative cash flow and credit metric impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation, the Georgia PSC also approved an increase in Georgia Power's retail equity ratio to the lower of (i) Georgia Power's actual common equity weight in its capital structure or (ii) 55%, until Georgia Power's next base rate case. The ultimate outcomeBenefits from reduced federal income tax rates in excess of this matter cannotthe amounts refunded to customers will be determined at this time.retained by Georgia Power to cover the carrying costs of the incremental equity in 2018 and 2019.
Fuel Cost Recovery
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Georgia Power under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Fuel Cost Recovery" and "Retail Regulatory Matters – Fuel Cost Recovery," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
As of June 30,March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, Georgia Power's under recovered fuel balance totaled $61$156 million and $165 million, respectively, and is included in other deferred charges andcurrent assets on Southern Company's and Georgia Power's condensed balance sheets. As of December 31, 2016,The Georgia PSC will review Georgia Power's cumulative over or under recovered fuel balance no later than September 1, 2018 and evaluate the need to file a fuel case. Georgia Power continues to be allowed to adjust its fuel cost recovery rates under an interim fuel rider prior to the next fuel case if the under or over recovered fuel balance totaled $84 million and is included in other current liabilities on Southern Company's and Georgia Power's condensed balance sheets.exceeds $200 million.
Fuel cost recovery revenues are adjusted for differences in actual recoverable fuel costs and amounts billed in current regulated rates. Accordingly, changes in the billing factor will not have a significant effect on Southern Company's or Georgia Power's revenues or net income, but will affect cash flow.
Nuclear Construction
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Georgia Power under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Nuclear Construction" and "Retail Regulatory Matters – Nuclear Construction," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Georgia Power's construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, Vogtle Construction Monitoring (VCM) reports, the NCCR tariff, and the Contractor Settlement Agreement.
Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement and EPC Contractor Bankruptcy
In 2008, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, entered into the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, pursuant to which the EPC Contractor agreed to design, engineer, procure, construct, and test Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Under the terms of the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, the Vogtle Owners agreed to pay a purchase price subject to certain price escalations and adjustments, including fixed escalation amounts and index-based adjustments, as well as adjustments for change orders, and performance bonuses for early completion and unit performance. Georgia Power's proportionate share of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 is 45.7%.
The Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement also provided for liquidated damages upon the EPC Contractor's failure to fulfill the schedule and certain performance guarantees, each subject to an aggregate cap of 10% of the contract price, or approximately $920 million (approximately $420 million based on Georgia Power's ownership interest). Under the Toshiba Guarantee, Toshiba guaranteed certain payment obligations of the EPC Contractor, including any liability of the EPC Contractor for abandonment of work. In January 2016, Westinghouse delivered to the Vogtle Owners $920 million of letters of credit from financial institutions (Westinghouse Letters of Credit) to secure a portion of the EPC Contractor's potential obligations under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement. The Westinghouse Letters of Credit are subject to annual renewals through June 30, 2020 and require 60 days' written notice to Georgia Power in the event the Westinghouse Letters of Credit will not be renewed.
Under the terms of the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, the EPC Contractor did not have the right to terminate the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement for convenience. In the event of an abandonment of work by the EPC Contractor, the maximum liability of the EPC Contractor under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement was 40% of the contract price (approximately $1.7 billion based on Georgia Power's ownership interest).
On March 29, 2017, the EPC Contractor filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. To provide for a continuation of work at Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, entered into an interim assessment agreement with the EPC Contractor (Interim Assessment Agreement), which the bankruptcy court approved on March 30, 2017.
The Interim Assessment Agreement provided, among other items, that during the term of the Interim Assessment Agreement (i) Georgia Power was obligated to pay, on behalf of the Vogtle Owners, all costs accrued by the EPC

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Contractor for subcontractors and vendors for services performed or goods provided, with these amounts paid to the EPC Contractor, except that amounts accrued for Fluor Corporation (Fluor) were paid directly to Fluor; (ii) the EPC Contractor provided certain engineering, procurement, and management services for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, to the same extent as contemplated by the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, and Georgia Power, on behalf of the Vogtle Owners, made payments of $5.4 million per week for these services; (iii) Georgia Power had the right to make payments, on behalf of the Vogtle Owners, directly to subcontractors and vendors who had accounts past due with the EPC Contractor; (iv) the EPC Contractor used commercially reasonable efforts to provide information reasonably requested by Georgia Power as was necessary to continue construction and investigation of the completion status of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4; (v) the EPC Contractor rejected or accepted the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement by the termination of the Interim Assessment Agreement; and (vi) Georgia Power did not exercise any remedies against Toshiba under the Toshiba Guarantee. Under the Interim Assessment Agreement, all parties expressly reserved all rights and remedies under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement and all related security and collateral under applicable law.
The Interim Assessment Agreement, as amended, expired on July 27, 2017. Georgia Power's aggregate liability for the Vogtle Owners under the Interim Assessment Agreement totaled approximately $650 million, of which $552 million had been paid or accrued as of June 30, 2017. Georgia Power's proportionate share of this aggregate liability totaled approximately $297 million.
Subsequent to the EPC Contractor bankruptcy filing, a number of subcontractors to the EPC Contractor, including Fluor Enterprises, Inc., a subsidiary of Fluor, alleged non-payment by the EPC Contractor for amounts owed for work performed on Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, has taken, and continues to take, actions to remove liens filed by these subcontractors through the posting of surety bonds. Georgia Power estimates the aggregate liability, through July 31, 2017, of the Vogtle Owners for the removal of subcontractor liens and payment of other EPC Contractor pre-petition accounts payable to total approximately $400 million, of which $354 million had been paid or accrued as of June 30, 2017. Georgia Power's proportionate share of this aggregate liability totaled approximately $183 million.
On June 9, 2017, Georgia Power and the other Vogtle Owners and Toshiba entered into a settlement agreement regarding the Toshiba Guarantee (Guarantee Settlement Agreement). Pursuant to the Guarantee Settlement Agreement, Toshiba acknowledged the amount of its obligation under the Toshiba Guarantee is $3.68 billion (Guarantee Obligations), of which Georgia Power's proportionate share is approximately $1.7 billion, and that the Guarantee Obligations exist regardless of whether Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are completed. The Guarantee Settlement Agreement also provides for a schedule of payments for the Guarantee Obligations, beginning in October 2017 and continuing through January 2021. In the event Toshiba receives certain payments, including sale proceeds, from or related to Westinghouse (or its subsidiaries) or Toshiba Nuclear Energy Holdings (UK) Limited (or its subsidiaries), it will hold a portion of such payments in trust for the Vogtle Owners and promptly pay them as offsets against any remaining Guarantee Obligations. Under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement, the Vogtle Owners will forbear from exercising certain remedies, including drawing on the Westinghouse Letters of Credit, until June 30, 2020, unless certain events of nonpayment, insolvency, or other material breach of the Guarantee Settlement Agreement by Toshiba occur. If such an event occurs, the balance of the Guarantee Obligations will become immediately due and payable, and the Vogtle Owners may exercise any and all rights and remedies, including drawing on the Westinghouse Letters of Credit without restriction. In addition, the Guarantee Settlement Agreement does not restrict the Vogtle Owners from fully drawing on the Westinghouse Letters of Credit in the event they are not renewed or replaced prior to the expiration date.
On June 23, 2017, Toshiba released a revised outlook for fiscal year 2016, which reflected a negative shareholders' equity balance of approximately $5 billion as of March 31, 2017, and announced that its independent audit process was continuing. Toshiba has also announced the existence of material events and conditions that raise substantial doubt about Toshiba's ability to continue as a going concern. As a result, substantial risk regarding the Vogtle Owners' ability to fully collect the Guarantee Obligations continues to exist. An inability or other failure by Toshiba to perform its obligations under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement could have a further material impact on the net

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

cost to the Vogtle Owners to complete construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 and, therefore, on Southern Company's and Georgia Power's financial statements.
Additionally, on June 9, 2017, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the other Vogtle Owners, and the EPC Contractor entered into a services agreement (Services Agreement), which was amended and restated on July 20, 2017, for the EPC Contractor to transition construction management of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 to Southern Nuclear and to provide ongoing design, engineering, and procurement services to Southern Nuclear. On July 20, 2017, the bankruptcy court approved the EPC Contractor's motion seeking authorization to (i) enter into the Services Agreement, (ii) assume and assign to the Vogtle Owners certain project-related contracts, (iii) join the Vogtle Owners as counterparties to certain assumed project-related contracts, and (iv) reject the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement. The Services Agreement, and the EPC Contractor's rejection of the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, became effective upon approval by the DOE on July 27, 2017. The Services Agreement will continue until the start-up and testing of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 is complete and electricity is generated and sold from both units. The Services Agreement is terminable by the Vogtle Owners upon 30 days' written notice.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Regulatory Matters
In 2009, the Georgia PSC voted to certify construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 with a certified capital cost of $4.418 billion. In addition, in 2009 the Georgia PSC approved inclusion of the Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 related CWIP accounts in rate base, and the State of Georgia enacted the Georgia Nuclear Energy Financing Act, which allows Georgia Power to recover financing costs for nuclear construction projects certified by the Georgia PSC. Financing costs are recovered on all applicable certified costs through annual adjustments to the NCCR tariff by including the related CWIP accounts in rate base during the construction period. As of June 30, 2017, Georgia Power had recovered approximately $1.4 billion of financing costs.
On December 20, 2016, the Georgia PSC voted to approve a settlement agreement (Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement) resolving the following prudence matters: (i) none of the $3.3 billion of costs incurred through December 31, 2015 and reflected in the fourteenth VCM report will be disallowed from rate base on the basis of imprudence; (ii) the Contractor Settlement Agreement is reasonable and prudent and none of the amounts paid or to be paid pursuant to the Contractor Settlement Agreement should be disallowed from rate base on the basis of imprudence; (iii) financing costs on verified and approved capital costs will be deemed prudent provided they are incurred prior to December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2020 for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, respectively; and (iv) (a) the in-service capital cost forecast will be adjusted to $5.680 billion (Revised Forecast), which includes a contingency of $240 million above Georgia Power's then current forecast of $5.440 billion, (b) capital costs incurred up to the Revised Forecast will be presumed to be reasonable and prudent with the burden of proof on any party challenging such costs, and (c) Georgia Power would have the burden to show that any capital costs above the Revised Forecast are reasonable and prudent. Under the terms of the Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement, the certified in-service capital cost for purposes of calculating the NCCR tariff will remain at $4.418 billion. Construction capital costs above $4.418 billion will accrue AFUDC through the date each unit is placed in service. The ROE used to calculate the NCCR tariff was reduced from 10.95% (the ROE rate setting point authorized by the Georgia PSC in the 2013 ARP) to 10.00% effective January 1, 2016. For purposes of the AFUDC calculation, the ROE on costs between $4.418 billion and $5.440 billion will also be 10.00% and the ROE on any amounts above $5.440 billion would be Georgia Power's average cost of long-term debt. If the Georgia PSC adjusts Georgia Power's ROE rate setting point in a rate case prior to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 being placed into retail rate base, then the ROE for purposes of calculating both the NCCR tariff and AFUDC will likewise be 95 basis points lower than the revised ROE rate setting point. If Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are not placed in service by December 31, 2020, then (i) the ROE for purposes of calculating the NCCR tariff will be reduced an additional 300 basis points, or $8 million per month, and may, at the Georgia PSC's discretion, be accrued to be used for the benefit of customers, until such time as the units are placed in service and (ii) the ROE used to calculate AFUDC will be Georgia Power's average cost of long-term debt.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Under the terms of the Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement, the Georgia PSC will determine, for retail ratemaking purposes, the process of transitioning Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 from a construction project to an operating plant no later than Georgia Power's base rate case required to be filed by July 1, 2019.
The Georgia PSC has approved fifteen VCM reports covering the periods through June 30, 2016, including construction capital costs incurred, which through that date totaled $3.7 billion. Georgia Power filed its sixteenth VCM report, covering the period from July 1 through December 31, 2016, requesting approval of $222 million of construction capital costs incurred during that period, with the Georgia PSC on February 27, 2017.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Revised Cost and Schedule
Georgia Power and the other Vogtle Owners are continuing to conduct comprehensive schedule and cost-to-complete assessments, as well as cancellation cost assessments, to determine the impact of the EPC Contractor's bankruptcy filing on the construction cost and schedule for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Georgia Power's preliminary assessment results indicate that its proportionate share of the remaining estimated cost to complete Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 ranges as follows:
Preliminary in-service dates   
Unit 3February 2021March 2022
Unit 4February 2022March 2023
 (in billions)
Preliminary estimated cost to complete$3.9
$4.6
CWIP as of June 30, 20174.5
 4.5
Guarantee Obligations(1.7) (1.7)
Estimated capital costs$6.7
$7.4
Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement Revised Forecast(5.7) (5.7)
Estimated net additional capital costs$1.0
$1.7
Georgia Power's estimates for cost to complete and schedule are based on preliminary analysis and remain subject to further refinement of labor productivity and consumable and commodity quantities and costs.
Georgia Power's estimated financing costs during the construction period total approximately $3.1 billion to $3.5 billion, of which approximately $1.4 billion had been incurred through June 30, 2017.
Georgia Power's preliminary cancellation cost estimate results indicate that its proportionate share of the estimated cancellation costs is approximately $400 million. As a result, as of June 30, 2017, total estimated costs subject to evaluation by Georgia Power and the Georgia PSC in the event of a cancellation decision are as follows:
 Preliminary Cancellation Cost Estimate
 (in billions)
CWIP as of June 30, 2017$4.5
Financing costs collected, net of tax1.4
Cancellation costs(*)
0.4
Total$6.3
(*)The estimate for cancellation costs includes, but is not limited to, costs to terminate contracts for construction and other services, as well as costs to secure the Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 construction site.
The Guarantee Obligations continue to exist in the event of cancellation. In addition, under Georgia law, prudently incurred costs related to certificated projects cancelled by the Georgia PSC are allowed recovery, including carrying

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

costs, in future retail rates. Georgia Power will continue working with the Georgia PSC and the other Vogtle Owners to determine future actions related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, including, but not limited to, the status of construction and rate recovery, and currently expects to include its recommendation in its seventeenth VCM report to be filed with the Georgia PSC in late August 2017.
The ultimate outcome of these matters is dependent on the completion of the assessments described above, as well as the related regulatory treatment, and cannot be determined at this time.
Other Matters
As of June 30, 2017, Georgia Power had borrowed $2.6 billion related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 costs through a loan guarantee agreement between Georgia Power and the DOE and a multi-advance credit facility among Georgia Power, the DOE, and the FFB. See Note 6 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Georgia Power under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (E) under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" for additional information, including applicable covenants, events of default, mandatory prepayment events, and conditions to borrowing.
The IRS has allocated PTCs to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 which require that the applicable unit be placed in service prior to 2021. The net present value of Georgia Power's PTCs is estimated at approximately $400 million per unit.
There have been technical and procedural challenges to the construction and licensing of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 at the federal and state level and additional challenges may arise if construction proceeds. Processes are in place that are designed to assure compliance with the requirements specified in the Westinghouse Design Control Document and the combined construction and operating licenses, including inspections by Southern Nuclear and the NRC that occur throughout construction. As a result of such compliance processes, certain license amendment requests have been filed and approved or are pending before the NRC. Various design and other licensing-based compliance matters, including the timely resolution of Inspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria and the related approvals by the NRC, may arise if construction proceeds, which may result in additional license amendments or require other resolution. If any license amendment requests or other licensing-based compliance issues are not resolved in a timely manner, there may be delays in the project schedule that could result in increased costs.
If construction continues, the risk remains that challenges with labor productivity, fabrication, delivery, assembly, and installation of plant systems, structures, and components, or other issues could arise and may further impact project schedule and cost.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Gulf Power
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Gulf Power's rates and charges for service to retail customers.
Retail Base Rate CasesCase
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Gulf Power under "Regulatory Matters – Gulf Power – Retail Base Rate Cases" and "Retail Regulatory Matters – Retail Base Rate Cases," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
In 2013,As a continuation of a settlement agreement approved by the Florida PSC in April 2017 (2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement), on March 26, 2018, the Florida PSC approved a stipulation and settlement agreement (2013 Rate Case Settlement Agreement) that authorized Gulf Power to reduce depreciation and record a regulatory asset up to $62.5 million from January 2014 through June 2017. In any given month, such depreciation reduction could not exceed the amount necessary for the retail ROE, as reported to the Florida PSC monthly, to reach the midpoint of the authorized retail ROE range then in effect. For 2014 and 2015, Gulf Power recognized reductions in depreciation of $8.4 million and $20.1 million, respectively. No net reduction in depreciation was recorded in 2016. In the first six months of 2017, Gulf Power recognized the remaining allowable reductions in depreciation totaling $34.0 million.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

On April 4, 2017, the Florida PSC approved the 2017 Rate Case Settlement Agreement among Gulf Power and three intervenors with respectaddressing the retail revenue requirement effects of the Tax Reform Legislation (Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement).
The Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement results in annual reductions to Gulf Power's requestrevenues of $18.2 million from base rates and $15.6 million from environmental cost recovery rates, implemented April 1, 2018, and also provides for a one-time refund of $69.4 million for the retail portion of unprotected (not subject to increase retail base rates. Undernormalization) deferred tax liabilities through Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery rate over the termsremainder of 2018. As a result of the 2017 Rate CaseGulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, Gulf Power increased rates effective with the first billing cycle in July 2017 to provideFlorida PSC also approved an annual overall net customer impact of approximately $54.3 million. The net customer impact consists of a $62.0 million increase in annual base revenues less an annual equivalent credit of approximately $7.7 million for 2017 for certain wholesale revenues to be provided through December 2019 through the purchased power capacity cost recovery clause. In addition, Gulf Power continued its authorized retail ROE midpoint (10.25%) and range (9.25% to 11.25%), is deemed to have anPower's maximum equity ratio offrom 52.5% to 53.5% for all retail regulatory purposes, and implemented new dismantlement accruals effective July 1, 2017.purposes.
As part of the Gulf Power will also begin amortizing the regulatory asset associated with the investment balances remaining after the retirement of Plant Smith Units 1 and 2 (357 MWs) over 15 years effective January 1, 2018 and will implement new depreciation rates effective January 1, 2018. The 2017 Rate CaseTax Reform Settlement Agreement, also resulteda limited scope proceeding to address protected deferred tax liabilities consistent with IRS normalization principles was initiated on April 30, 2018. Pending resolution of this proceeding, Gulf Power is deferring the related amounts for 2018 as a regulatory liability. Unless otherwise agreed to by the parties to the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, amounts recorded in a $32.5 million write-down ofthis regulatory liability will be refunded to retail customers in 2019 through Gulf Power's ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3 (205 MWs), which was recorded in the first quarter 2017. The remaining issues related to the inclusion of Gulf Power's investment in Plant Scherer Unit 3 in retail rates have been resolved as a result of the 2017 Rate Case Settlement Agreement, including recoverability of certain costs associated with the ongoing ownership and operation of the unit through the environmentalfuel cost recovery clause rate approved by the Florida PSC in November 2016.rates. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Cost Recovery ClausesRegulatory Infrastructure Programs
Southern Company Gas is engaged in various infrastructure programs that update or expand its gas distribution systems to improve reliability and ensure the safety of its utility infrastructure, and recovers in rates its investment and a return associated with these infrastructure programs. Expenditures incurred in the first three months of 2018 were as follows:
Utility Program First Quarter 2018
    (in millions)
Nicor Gas Investing in Illinois $31
Atlanta Gas Light Georgia Rate Adjustment Mechanism (GRAM) infrastructure spending 62
Virginia Natural Gas Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy 11
Florida City Gas Safety, Access, and Facility Enhancement Program 2
Total   $106
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Regulatory Matters Infrastructure Replacement Programs and Capital Projects" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 and Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf PowerSouthern Company Gas under "Retail "Regulatory Matters Regulatory Matters – Cost Recovery Clauses"Infrastructure Programs" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Income Tax Matters
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Credit Rating Risk," Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas," and Note (H) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding Gulf Power's recoverythe Tax Reform Legislation and related regulatory actions.
Other Matters
Southern Company Gas is involved in various other matters being litigated and regulatory matters that could affect future earnings. In addition, Southern Company Gas is subject to certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of retailbusiness. The ultimate outcome of such pending or potential litigation or regulatory matters cannot be predicted at this time; however, for current proceedings not specifically reported in Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein, management does not anticipate that the ultimate liabilities, if any, arising from such current proceedings would have a material effect on Southern Company Gas' financial statements. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for a discussion of various other contingencies and regulatory matters, and other matters being litigated which may affect future earnings potential.
Southern Company Gas owns a 50% interest in a planned LNG liquefaction and storage facility in Jacksonville, Florida. Once construction is complete and the facility is operational, it will be outfitted with a 2.0 million gallon storage tank with the capacity to produce in excess of 120,000 gallons of LNG per day. It is expected to be operational in the first half of 2018. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Southern Company Gas prepares its financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas in Item 8 of the Form 10-K. In the application of these policies, certain estimates are made that may have a material impact on Southern Company Gas' results of operations and related disclosures. Different assumptions and measurements could produce estimates that are significantly different from those recorded in the financial statements. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" of

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
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Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a complete discussion of Southern Company Gas' critical accounting policies and estimates.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). See Note (A) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding Southern Company Gas' recently adopted accounting standards.
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY
Overview
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Overview" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information. Southern Company Gas' financial condition remained stable at March 31, 2018. Southern Company Gas intends to continue to monitor its access to short-term and long-term capital markets as well as bank credit agreements to meet future capital and liquidity needs. See "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations," "Sources of Capital," and "Financing Activities" herein for additional information.
By regulation, Nicor Gas is restricted, to the extent of its retained earnings balance, in the amount it can dividend or loan to affiliates and is not permitted to make money pool loans to affiliates. The New Jersey BPU restricts the amount Elizabethtown Gas can dividend to its parent company to 70% of its quarterly net income. Additionally, as stipulated in the New Jersey BPU's order approving the Merger, Southern Company Gas is prohibited from paying dividends to its parent company, Southern Company, if Southern Company Gas' senior unsecured debt rating falls below investment grade. At March 31, 2018, the amount of subsidiary retained earnings and net income restricted to dividend totaled $776 million. These restrictions did not have any impact on Southern Company Gas' ability to meet its cash obligations, nor does management expect such restrictions to materially impact Southern Company Gas' ability to meet its currently anticipated cash obligations.
Net cash provided from operating activities totaled $978 million for the first three months of 2018, an increase of $222 million compared to the first three months of 2017. The increase in net cash provided from operating activities was primarily due to increased volumes of natural gas sold during the first three months of 2018. Net cash used for investing activities totaled $361 million for the first three months of 2018 primarily due to gross property additions related to capital expenditures for infrastructure investments recovered through replacement programs at gas distribution operations and capital contributed to equity method investments in pipelines. Net cash used for financing activities totaled $595 million for the first three months of 2018 primarily due to net repayments of commercial paper borrowings and a common stock dividend payment to Southern Company. Cash flows from financing activities vary from period to period based on capital needs and the maturity or redemption of securities.
Significant balance sheet changes at March 31, 2018 include a decrease of $413 million in natural gas for sale, net of temporary LIFO liquidation, due to the use of stored natural gas and a $483 million decrease in notes payable primarily related to net repayments of commercial paper borrowings. Other significant balance sheet changes include decreases of $54 million in accounts payable as well as $159 million and $109 million in energy marketing receivables and payables, respectively, due to lower natural gas prices, and an increase of $169 million in total property, plant, and equipment primarily due to infrastructure investments recovered through replacement programs.
Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a description of Southern Company Gas' capital requirements and contractual obligations. Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings caused $20 million aggregate principal amount of gas facility revenue bonds issued for its benefit to be redeemed. An additional $335 million will be required through March 31, 2019 to fund

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


announced redemptions and maturities of long-term debt. See "Sources of Capital" herein for additional information.
The regulatory infrastructure programs and other construction programs are subject to periodic review and revision, and actual costs may vary from these estimates because of numerous factors. These factors include: changes in business conditions; changes in FERC rules and regulations; state regulatory approvals; changes in legislation; the cost and efficiency of labor, equipment, and materials; project scope and design changes; and the cost of capital. In addition, there can be no assurance that costs related to capital expenditures will be fully recovered. See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements of Southern Company Gas in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding additional factors that may impact infrastructure investment expenditures.
Sources of Capital
Southern Company Gas plans to obtain the funds to meet its future capital needs through variousoperating cash flows, external securities issuances, borrowings from financial institutions, and equity contributions from Southern Company. In addition, Southern Company Gas plans to utilize the proceeds from the pending sales of Elizabethtown Gas, Elkton Gas, and Pivotal Home Solutions to pay the income taxes resulting from the sales, to retire existing debt, and for general corporate purposes. However, the amount, type, and timing of any future financings, if needed, depend upon prevailing market conditions, regulatory clausesapproval, and accounting orders. Gulf Powerother factors. The issuance of securities by Nicor Gas is generally subject to the approval of the Illinois Commission. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Sources of Capital" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
At March 31, 2018, Southern Company Gas' current liabilities exceeded current assets by $972 million primarily as a result of $1.0 billion in notes payable. Southern Company Gas' current liabilities frequently exceed current assets because of commercial paper borrowings used to fund daily operations, scheduled maturities of long-term debt, and significant seasonal fluctuations in cash needs. Southern Company Gas intends to utilize operating cash flows, external securities issuances, borrowings from financial institutions, equity contributions from Southern Company, and the proceeds from the pending sales of Elizabethtown Gas, Elkton Gas, and Pivotal Home Solutions to fund its short-term capital needs. Southern Company Gas has four regulatory clauses which are approved bysubstantial cash flow from operating activities and access to the Florida PSC. The balancecapital markets and financial institutions to meet liquidity needs.
At March 31, 2018, Southern Company Gas had $94 million of each regulatory clause recovery on the balance sheetcash and cash equivalents. Committed credit arrangements with banks at March 31, 2018 were as follows:
Regulatory ClauseBalance Sheet Line ItemJune 30,
2017
December 31,
2016


(in millions)
Fuel Cost RecoveryUnder recovered regulatory clause revenues$7
$
Fuel Cost RecoveryOther regulatory liabilities, current
15
Purchased Power Capacity RecoveryUnder recovered regulatory clause revenues5

Environmental Cost RecoveryUnder recovered regulatory clause revenues12
13
Energy Conservation Cost RecoveryUnder recovered regulatory clause revenues2
4
Company Expires 2022 Unused
  (in millions)
Southern Company Gas Capital(a)
 $1,400
 $1,390
Nicor Gas 500
 500
Total(b)
 $1,900
 $1,890
(a)Southern Company Gas guarantees the obligations of Southern Company Gas Capital.
(b)Pursuant to the credit arrangement, the allocations between Southern Company Gas Capital and Nicor Gas may be adjusted.
See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Bank Credit Arrangements" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (F) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Bank Credit Arrangements" herein for additional information.
As discussed previously,The multi-year credit arrangement of Southern Company Gas Capital and Nicor Gas (Facility) contains a covenant that limits the 2017 Rate Case Settlement Agreement resolvedratio of debt to capitalization (as defined in the remaining issuesFacility) to a maximum of 70% for each of Southern Company Gas and Nicor Gas and contains a cross-acceleration provision to other indebtedness (including guarantee obligations) of the applicable company. Such cross-acceleration provision to other indebtedness would trigger an event of default of the applicable company if Southern Company Gas or Nicor Gas defaulted on indebtedness, the payment of which was then accelerated. The term loan agreement for Pivotal Utility Holdings contains similar

151

SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


provisions related to Gulf Power's inclusionSouthern Company Gas. At March 31, 2018, both companies were in compliance with such covenant. The Facility does not contain a material adverse change clause at the time of certain costs associatedborrowings.
Subject to applicable market conditions, the applicable company expects to renew or replace the Facility as needed, prior to expiration. In connection therewith, the applicable company may extend the maturity dates and/or increase or decrease the lending commitments thereunder. A portion of unused credit with banks provides liquidity support to Southern Company Gas.
Southern Company Gas makes short-term borrowings primarily through commercial paper programs that have the liquidity support of the committed bank credit arrangements described above. Commercial paper borrowings are included in notes payable in the balance sheets.
Details of short-term borrowings were as follows:
 
Short-Term Debt at
March 31, 2018
 
Short-Term Debt During the Period(*)
 Amount
Outstanding
 Weighted Average Interest Rate Average Amount Outstanding Weighted Average Interest Rate Maximum Amount Outstanding
Commercial paper:(in millions)   (in millions)   (in millions)
Southern Company Gas Capital$855
 2.4% $960
 2.0% $1,261
Nicor Gas180
 2.2
 189
 1.8
 275
Short-term loans:         
Southern Company Gas
 % 92
 2.8% 100
Total$1,035
 2.4% $1,241
 2.0%  
(*)Average and maximum amounts are based upon daily balances during the three-month period ended March 31, 2018.
Southern Company Gas believes the need for working capital can be adequately met by utilizing commercial paper programs, lines of credit, and operating cash flows.
Additionally, at March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings was party to a series of loan agreements with the ongoing ownershipNew Jersey Economic Development Authority and operationBrevard County, Florida under which five series of Plant Scherer Unit 3gas facility revenue bonds totaling $200 million had been issued. The Elizabethtown Gas asset sale agreement requires that bonds representing $180 million of the total that are currently eligible for redemption at par be redeemed on or prior to consummation of the sale. See "Financing Activities" herein for additional information regarding the redemption of these bonds.
Credit Rating Risk
Southern Company Gas does not have any credit arrangements that would require material changes in payment schedules or terminations as a result of a credit rating downgrade.
There are certain contracts that could require collateral, but not accelerated payment, in the environmentalevent of a credit rating change below BBB- and/or Baa3. These contracts are for physical gas purchases and sales and energy price risk management. The maximum potential collateral requirement under these contracts at March 31, 2018 was $11 million.
Generally, collateral may be provided by a Southern Company guaranty, letter of credit, or cash. Additionally, a credit rating downgrade could impact the ability of Southern Company Gas to access capital markets, and would be likely to impact the cost recovery clauseat which it does so.
While it is unclear how the credit rating agencies and no adjustmentthe relevant state regulatory bodies may respond to the environmental cost recovery clause rate approvedTax Reform Legislation, certain financial metrics, such as the funds from operations to debt percentage, used by the Florida PSC in November 2016 was made.credit rating agencies to assess Southern Company and its subsidiaries, including Southern Company Gas, may be negatively impacted. Absent actions by Southern Company and its subsidiaries, including Southern Company Gas,
Mississippi Power
Performance Evaluation Plan
152

SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


to mitigate the resulting impacts, which, among other alternatives, could include adjusting capital structure and/or monetizing regulatory assets, Southern Company Gas', Southern Company Gas Capital's, and Nicor Gas' credit ratings could be negatively affected. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi PowerSouthern Company Gas under "Retail Regulatory"Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Performance Evaluation Plan"Southern Company Gas" herein for additional information.
Financing Activities
The long-term debt on Southern Company Gas' balance sheets includes both principal and non-principal components. As of March 31, 2018, the non-principal components totaled $494 million, which consisted of the unamortized portions of the fair value adjustment recorded in purchase accounting, debt premiums, debt discounts, and debt issuance costs.
On January 4, 2018, Southern Company Gas issued a floating rate promissory note to Southern Company in an aggregate principal amount of $100 million bearing interest based on one-month LIBOR. On March 28, 2018, Southern Company Gas repaid this promissory note.
Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings caused $20 million aggregate principal amount of gas facility revenue bonds to be redeemed and provided notice of its intent to cause, on May 23, 2018, the remaining $180 million aggregate principal amount of gas facility revenue bonds issued for its benefit to be redeemed. Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings, as borrower, and Southern Company Gas, as guarantor, entered into a $181 million short-term delayed draw floating rate bank term loan agreement. Pivotal Utility Holdings has the right to borrow up to $181 million on or before May 31, 2018, upon satisfaction of certain customary conditions. Pivotal Utility Holdings expects the proceeds to be used to repay the remaining $180 million of gas facility revenue bonds.
In addition to any financings that may be necessary to meet capital requirements and contractual obligations, Southern Company Gas plans to continue, when economically feasible, a program to retire higher-cost securities and replace these obligations with lower-cost capital if market conditions permit.
Market Price Risk
Other than the items discussed below, there were no material changes to Southern Company Gas' disclosures about market price risk during the first quarter 2018. For an in-depth discussion of Southern Company Gas' market price risks, see MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Market Price Risk" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K. Also see Notes (D) and (I) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information relating to derivative instruments.
Southern Company Gas is exposed to market risks, primarily commodity price risk, interest rate risk, and weather risk. Due to various cost recovery mechanisms, the natural gas distribution utilities of Southern Company Gas that sell natural gas directly to end-use customers have limited exposure to market volatility of natural gas prices. Certain natural gas distribution utilities of Southern Company Gas manage fuel-hedging programs implemented per the guidelines of their respective state regulatory agencies to hedge the impact of market fluctuations in natural gas prices for customers. For the weather risk associated with Nicor Gas, Southern Company Gas has a corporate weather hedging program that utilizes weather derivatives to reduce the risk of lower operating margins potentially resulting from significantly warmer-than-normal weather. In addition, certain non-regulated operations routinely utilize various types of derivative instruments to economically hedge certain commodity price and weather risks inherent in the natural gas industry. These instruments include a variety of exchange-traded and over-the-counter energy contracts, such as forward contracts, futures contracts, options contracts, and swap agreements. Some of these economic hedge activities may not qualify, or are not designated, for hedge accounting treatment. For the periods presented below, the changes in net fair value of Southern Company Gas' derivative contracts were as follows:

153

SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


 First Quarter First Quarter
 2018 2017
 (in millions)
Contracts outstanding at beginning of period, assets (liabilities), net$(106) $12
Contracts realized or otherwise settled49
 4
Current period changes(a)
(13) 48
Contracts outstanding at the end of period, assets (liabilities), net(70) 64
Netting of cash collateral223
 92
Cash collateral and net fair value of contracts outstanding at end of period(b)
$153
 $156
(a)Current period changes also include the fair value of new contracts entered into during the period, if any.
(b)Net fair value of derivative contracts outstanding excludes premium and the intrinsic value associated with weather derivatives of $4 million at March 31, 2018 and includes premium and the intrinsic value associated with weather derivatives of $19 million at March 31, 2017.
The maturities of Southern Company Gas' energy-related derivative contracts at March 31, 2018 were as follows:
   Fair Value Measurements
   March 31, 2018
 Total
Fair Value
 Maturity
  Year 1  Years 2 & 3 Years 4 and thereafter
 (in millions)
Level 1(a)
$(146) $(51) $(68) $(27)
Level 2(b)
76
 22
 16
 38
Fair value of contracts outstanding at end of period(c)
$(70) $(29) $(52) $11
(a)Valued using NYMEX futures prices.
(b)Valued using basis transactions that represent the cost to transport natural gas from a NYMEX delivery point to the contract delivery point. These transactions are based on quotes obtained either through electronic trading platforms or directly from brokers.
(c)Excludes cash collateral of $223 million as well as premium and associated intrinsic value associated with weather derivatives of $4 million at March 31, 2018.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR
THE SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ALABAMA POWER COMPANY
GEORGIA POWER COMPANY
GULF POWER COMPANY
MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY
SOUTHERN POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
(UNAUDITED)


INDEX TO THE NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NotePage Number
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L





INDEX TO APPLICABLE NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS BY REGISTRANT
The following unaudited notes to the condensed financial statements are a combined presentation. The list below indicates the registrants to which each footnote applies.
RegistrantApplicable Notes
Southern CompanyA, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L
Alabama PowerA, B, C, D, F, G, H, I
Georgia PowerA, B, C, D, F, G, H, I
Gulf PowerA, B, C, D, F, G, H, I
Mississippi PowerA, B, C, D, F, G, H, I
Southern PowerA, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J
Southern Company GasA, B, C, D, F, G, H, I, J, K, L


THE SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ALABAMA POWER COMPANY
GEORGIA POWER COMPANY
GULF POWER COMPANY
MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY
SOUTHERN POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:
(UNAUDITED)

(A)INTRODUCTION
The condensed quarterly financial statements of each registrant included herein have been prepared by such registrant, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. The Condensed Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2017 have been derived from the audited financial statements of each registrant. In the opinion of each registrant's management, the information regarding such registrant furnished herein reflects all adjustments, which, except as otherwise disclosed, are of a normal recurring nature, necessary to present fairly the results of operations for the periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although each registrant believes that the disclosures regarding such registrant are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. Disclosures which would substantially duplicate the disclosures in the Form 10-K and details which have not changed significantly in amount or composition since the filing of the Form 10-K are generally omitted from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q unless specifically required by GAAP. Therefore, these Condensed Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Form 10-K. Due to the seasonal variations in the demand for energy, operating results for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the operating results to be expected for the full year.
Certain prior year data presented in the financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on the results of operations, financial position, or cash flows of any registrant.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
See Note 1 to the financial statements of the registrants under "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Revenue
In 2014, the FASB issued ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), replacing the existing accounting standard and industry-specific guidance for revenue recognition with a five-step model for recognizing and measuring revenue from contracts with customers. The underlying principle of the standard is to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at the amount expected to be collected. ASC 606 became effective on January 1, 2018 and the registrants adopted it using the modified retrospective method applied to open contracts and only to the version of the contracts in effect as of January 1, 2018. In accordance with the modified retrospective method, the registrants' previously issued financial statements have not been restated to comply with ASC 606 and the registrants did not have a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings. The adoption of ASC 606 had no significant impact on the timing of revenue recognition compared to previously reported results; however, it requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows arising from contracts with customers, which are included in Note (C).

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

ASC 606 provided additional clarity on financial statement presentation that resulted in reclassifications into other revenues and other operations and maintenance from other income/(expense), net at Alabama Power and Georgia Power related to certain unregulated sales of products and services. In addition, contract assets related to certain fixed retail revenues and pole attachment revenues at Georgia Power have been reclassified from unbilled revenue and other accounts and notes receivable, respectively, in accordance with the guidance in ASC 606. Neither of these changes resulted in an adjustment to the timing or amount of the recognition of revenues or cash flows. ASC 606 also provided additional guidance on over-time revenue recognition, resulting in a change in the timing of revenue recognized from guaranteed and fixed billing arrangements at Southern Company Gas. The increase in natural gas revenues recognized in the first quarter 2018 relates primarily to the seasonal nature of natural gas usage and is expected to be offset by decreases in natural gas revenue recognized in future periods during 2018.
The net impact of accounting for revenue under ASC 606 increased Southern Company's consolidated net income and net income per share by $10 million and $0.01 per basic share, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2018.
The specific impacts of applying ASC 606 to revenues from contracts with customers on the financial statements of Southern Company, Alabama Power, Georgia Power, and Southern Company Gas as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to previously recognized guidance is shown below.
 
As of and for the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
 As Reported
Balances Without Adoption of
ASC 606
Effect of Change
 (in millions)
Southern Company   
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income   
Natural gas revenues$1,607
$1,593
$14
Other revenues413
412
1
Other operations and maintenance1,451
1,441
10
Operating income1,376
1,371
5
Other income (expense), net60
51
9
Earnings before income taxes1,049
1,035
14
Income taxes113
109
4
Consolidated net income936
926
10
Consolidated net income attributable to Southern Company938
928
10
Basic earnings per share$0.93
$0.92
$0.01
Diluted earnings per share$0.92
$0.91
$0.01
    
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow   
Consolidated net income$936
$926
$10
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities:   
Receivables197
211
(14)
Other current assets7
(7)14
Accrued taxes(79)(75)(4)
Other current liabilities81
67
14
    

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

 
As of and for the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
 As Reported
Balances Without Adoption of
ASC 606
Effect of Change
 (in millions)
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet   
Unbilled revenues$777
$822
$(45)
Other accounts and notes receivable703
709
(6)
Other current assets286
235
51
Accrued taxes368
364
4
Other current liabilities923
937
(14)
Retained earnings9,257
9,247
10
    
Alabama Power   
Condensed Statements of Income   
Other revenues$63
$55
$8
Other operations and maintenance387
377
10
Operating income372
374
(2)
Other income (expense), net5
3
2
    
Georgia Power   
Condensed Statements of Income   
Other revenues$109
$94
$15
Other operations and maintenance408
394
14
Operating income513
512
1
Other income (expense), net38
39
(1)
    
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows   
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities:   
Receivables$135
$145
$(10)
Other current assets9
(1)10
    
Condensed Balance Sheet   
Unbilled revenues$189
$202
$(13)
Other accounts and notes receivable77
83
(6)
Other current assets39
20
19
    

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

 
As of and for the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
 As Reported
Balances Without Adoption of
ASC 606
Effect of Change
 (in millions)
Southern Company Gas   
Condensed Statements of Income   
Natural gas revenues$1,631
$1,617
$14
Operating income388
374
14
Earnings before income taxes383
369
14
Income taxes104
100
4
Net income279
269
10
    
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows   
Net income$279
$269
$10
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities:   
Accrued taxes28
32
(4)
Other current liabilities48
34
14
    
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet   
Accrued income taxes$77
$73
$4
Other current liabilities143
157
(14)
Accumulated deficit(55)(65)10
Other
In 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (ASU 2016-18). ASU 2016-18 eliminates the need to reflect transfers between cash and restricted cash in operating, investing, and financing activities in the statements of cash flows. In addition, the net change in cash and cash equivalents during the period includes amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The registrants adopted ASU 2016-18 effective January 1, 2018 with no material impact on their financial statements. Southern Company, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas retrospectively applied ASU 2016-18 effective January 1, 2018 and have restated prior periods in the statements of cash flows by immaterial amounts. The change in restricted cash in the statements of cash flows was previously disclosed in operating activities for Southern Company and Southern Company Gas and in investing activities for Southern Company and Southern Power. See "Restricted Cash" herein for additional information.
In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (ASU 2017-07). ASU 2017-07 requires that an employer report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs and requires the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs to be separately presented in the statements of income outside of income from operations. Additionally, only the service cost component is eligible for capitalization, when applicable. The registrants adopted ASU 2017-07 effective January 1, 2018 with no material impact on their financial statements. ASU 2017-07 has been applied retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost component and the other components of net periodic benefit costs in the statements of income for Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, and Southern Company Gas. Since Southern Power did not participate in the qualified pension and postretirement benefit plans until December 2017, no retrospective presentation of Southern Power's net periodic benefits costs is required. The requirement to limit capitalization to the service cost component of net periodic benefit costs has been applied on a

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

prospective basis from the date of adoption for all registrants. The presentation changes resulted in a decrease in operating income and an increase in other income for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 for Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, and Southern Company Gas.
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities (ASU 2017-12). ASU 2017-12 makes more financial and non-financial hedging strategies eligible for hedge accounting, amends the related presentation and disclosure requirements, and simplifies hedge effectiveness assessment requirements. ASU 2017-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The registrants adopted ASU 2017-12 effective January 1, 2018 with no material impact on their financial statements. See Note (I) for disclosures required by ASU 2017-12.
On February 14, 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (ASU 2018-02) to address the application of ASC 740, Income Taxes (ASC 740) to certain provisions of the Tax Reform Legislation. ASU 2018-02 specifically addresses the ASC 740 requirement that the effect of a change in tax laws or rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities be included in income from continuing operations, even when the tax effects were initially recognized directly in OCI at the previous rate, which strands the income tax rate differential in accumulated OCI. The amendments in ASU 2018-02 allow a reclassification from accumulated OCI to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Reform Legislation. The registrants adopted ASU 2018-02 effective January 1, 2018 with no material impact on their financial statements.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, goodwill was as follows:
 Goodwill
 At March 31, 2018At December 31, 2017
 (in millions)
Southern Company$6,226
$6,268
Southern Power$2
$2
Southern Company Gas  
Gas distribution operations$4,702
$4,702
Gas marketing services1,223
1,265
Southern Company Gas total$5,925
$5,967
On April 11, 2018, Southern Company Gas entered into a stock purchase agreement for the sale of Pivotal Home Solutions. In contemplation of the transaction, a goodwill impairment charge of $42 million was recorded as of March 31, 2018. See Note (J) under "Southern Company Gas" for additional information.
Goodwill is not amortized, but is subject to an annual impairment test during the fourth quarter of each year, or more frequently if impairment indicators arise.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Other intangible assets were as follows:
 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated Amortization
Other
Intangible Assets, Net
 Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationOther
Intangible Assets, Net
 (in millions) (in millions)
Southern Company       
Other intangible assets subject to amortization:       
Customer relationships$288
$(93)$195
 $288
$(83)$205
Trade names159
(19)140
 159
(17)142
Storage and transportation contracts64
(40)24
 64
(34)30
PPA fair value adjustments456
(54)402
 456
(47)409
Other18
(6)12
 17
(5)12
Total other intangible assets subject to amortization$985
$(212)$773

$984
$(186)$798
Other intangible assets not subject to amortization:       
Federal Communications Commission licenses75

75
 75

75
Total other intangible assets$1,060
$(212)$848
 $1,059
$(186)$873
        
Southern Power       
Other intangible assets subject to amortization:       
PPA fair value adjustments$456
$(54)$402
 $456
$(47)$409
        
Southern Company Gas       
Other intangible assets subject to amortization:       
Gas marketing services       
Customer relationships$221
$(86)$135
 $221
$(77)$144
Trade names115
(10)105
 115
(9)106
Wholesale gas services       
Storage and transportation contracts64
(40)24
 64
(34)30
Total other intangible assets subject to amortization$400
$(136)$264
 $400
$(120)$280

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Amortization associated with other intangible assets was as follows:
 Three Months Ended
 March 31, 2018
 (in millions)
Southern Company$26
Southern Power$7
Southern Company Gas$16
Restricted Cash
The registrants adopted ASU 2016-18 as of January 1, 2018. See "Recently Adopted Accounting Standards – Other" herein for additional information.
At December 31, 2017, Southern Power had restricted cash primarily related to certain acquisitions and construction projects. At both March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, Southern Company Gas had restricted cash held as collateral for worker's compensation, life insurance, and long-term disability insurance.
The following tables provide a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the condensed balance sheets that total to the amounts shown in the condensed statements of cash flows for the registrants that had restricted cash at March 31, 2018 and/or December 31, 2017:
 Southern CompanySouthern Company Gas
 (in millions)
At March 31, 2018  
Cash and cash equivalents$2,284
$94
Restricted cash:  
Other accounts and notes receivable6
6
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$2,290
$100
 Southern Company
Southern
Power
Southern Company Gas
 (in millions)
At December 31, 2017   
Cash and cash equivalents$2,130
$129
$73
Restricted cash:   
Other accounts and notes receivable5

5
Deferred charges and other assets12
11

Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$2,147
$140
$78
Natural Gas for Sale
Southern Company Gas' natural gas distribution utilities, with the exception of Nicor Gas, carry natural gas inventory on a WACOG basis.
Nicor Gas' natural gas inventory is carried at cost on a LIFO basis. Inventory decrements occurring during the year that are restored prior to year end are charged to cost of natural gas at the estimated annual replacement cost. Inventory decrements that are not restored prior to year end are charged to cost of natural gas at the actual LIFO cost of the inventory layers liquidated. Southern Company Gas' inventory decrement at March 31, 2018 is expected

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

to be restored prior to year end. The cost of natural gas, including inventory costs, is recovered from customers under a purchased gas recovery mechanism adjusted for differences between actual costs and amounts billed; therefore, LIFO liquidations have no impact on Southern Company's or Southern Company Gas' net income.
Natural gas inventories for Southern Company Gas' non-utility businesses are carried at the lower of weighted average cost or current market price, with cost determined on a WACOG basis. For any declines in market prices below the WACOG considered to be other than temporary, an adjustment is recorded to reduce the value of natural gas inventories to market value. Southern Company Gas had no material LOCOM adjustment in any period presented.
Hypothetical Liquidation at Book Value
Southern Power has consolidated renewable generation projects that are partially financed by a third-party tax equity investor. The related contractual provisions represent profit-sharing arrangements because the allocations of cash distributions and tax benefits are not based on fixed ownership percentages. Therefore, the noncontrolling interest is accounted for under a balance sheet approach utilizing the hypothetical liquidation at book value (HLBV) method. The HLBV method calculates each partner's share of income based on the change in net equity the partner can legally claim in a hypothetical liquidation at the end of the period compared to the beginning of the period.
(B)CONTINGENCIES AND REGULATORY MATTERS
See Note 3 to the financial statements of the registrants in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for information regarding Mississippi Power's base rates.relating to various lawsuits, other contingencies, and regulatory matters.
General Litigation Matters
Each registrant is subject to certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In addition, the business activities of Southern Company's subsidiaries are subject to extensive governmental regulation related to public health and the environment, such as regulation of air emissions and water discharges. Litigation over environmental issues and claims of various types, including property damage, personal injury, common law nuisance, and citizen enforcement of environmental requirements such as air quality and water standards, has occurred throughout the U.S. This litigation has included claims for damages alleged to have been caused by CO2 and other emissions, CCR, and alleged exposure to hazardous materials, and/or requests for injunctive relief in connection with such matters.
The ultimate outcome of such pending or potential litigation against each registrant and any subsidiaries cannot be predicted at this time; however, for current proceedings not specifically reported herein, management does not anticipate that the ultimate liabilities, if any, arising from such current proceedings would have a material effect on such registrant's financial statements.
On March 15,2, 2018, the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM) issued proposed administrative orders assessing a penalty of $1.25 million to Alabama Power for unpermitted discharge of fluids and/or pollutants to groundwater at five electric generating plants. The proposed orders also require the submission to the ADEM of a plan with a schedule for implementation of a comprehensive groundwater investigation, including an assessment of corrective measures, a report evaluating any deficiencies at the facilities that may have led to the unpermitted discharges, and quarterly progress reports. Alabama Power is awaiting finalization of the orders. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Southern Company
In January 2017, a purported securities class action complaint was filed against Southern Company, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power submittedofficers in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, Atlanta Division, by Monroe County Employees' Retirement System on behalf of all persons who purchased shares of Southern Company's common stock between April 25, 2012 and October 29, 2013. The complaint alleges that Southern Company, certain of its annual PEP lookback filingofficers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

made materially false and misleading statements regarding the Kemper County energy facility in violation of certain provisions under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The complaint seeks, among other things, compensatory damages and litigation costs and attorneys' fees. In June 2017, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint that provided additional detail about their claims, increased the purported class period by one day, and added certain other former Mississippi Power officers as defendants. In July 2017, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the plaintiffs' amended complaint with prejudice, to which the plaintiffs filed an opposition in September 2017. On March 29, 2018, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, Atlanta Division, issued an order granting, in part, the defendants' motion to dismiss. The court dismissed certain claims against certain officers of Southern Company and Mississippi Power and dismissed the allegations related to a number of the statements that plaintiffs challenged as being false or misleading. On April 26, 2018, the defendants filed a motion for reconsideration of the court's order, seeking the dismissal of the remaining claims in the lawsuit.
In February 2017, Jean Vineyard filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit and, in May 2017, Judy Mesirov filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit, each in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia. Each of these lawsuits names as defendants Southern Company, certain of its directors, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers. In August 2017, these two shareholder derivative lawsuits were consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia and the court has deferred the consolidated case until after certain further action in the purported securities class action complaint discussed above. The complaints allege that the defendants caused Southern Company to make false or misleading statements regarding the Kemper County energy facility cost and schedule. Further, the complaints allege that the defendants were unjustly enriched and caused the waste of corporate assets and also allege that the individual defendants violated their fiduciary duties. Each plaintiff seeks to recover, on behalf of Southern Company, unspecified actual damages and, on each plaintiff's own behalf, attorneys' fees and costs in bringing the lawsuit. Each plaintiff also seeks certain changes to Southern Company's corporate governance and internal processes.
In May 2017, Helen E. Piper Survivor's Trust filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit in the Superior Court of Gwinnett County, State of Georgia that names as defendants Southern Company, certain of its directors, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers. The complaint alleges that the individual defendants, among other things, breached their fiduciary duties in connection with schedule delays and cost overruns associated with the construction of the Kemper County energy facility. The complaint further alleges that the individual defendants authorized or failed to correct false and misleading statements regarding the Kemper County energy facility schedule and cost and failed to implement necessary internal controls to prevent harm to Southern Company. The plaintiff seeks to recover, on behalf of Southern Company, unspecified actual damages and disgorgement of profits and, on its behalf, attorneys' fees and costs in bringing the lawsuit. The plaintiff also seeks certain unspecified changes to Southern Company's corporate governance and internal processes. The court has deferred the lawsuit until after certain further action in the purported securities class action complaint discussed above.
Southern Company believes these legal challenges have no merit; however, an adverse outcome in any of these proceedings could have an impact on Southern Company's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity. Southern Company will vigorously defend itself in these matters, the ultimate outcome of which cannot be determined at this time.
Georgia Power
In 2011, plaintiffs filed a putative class action against Georgia Power in the Superior Court of Fulton County, Georgia alleging that Georgia Power's collection in rates of municipal franchise fees (all of which are remitted to municipalities) exceeded the amounts allowed in orders of the Georgia PSC and alleging certain state tort law claims. In 2016, the Georgia Court of Appeals reversed the trial court's previous dismissal of the case and remanded the case to the trial court for further proceedings. Georgia Power filed a petition for writ of certiorari with the Georgia Supreme Court, which reflectedwas granted in August 2017. A decision from the need for a $5 million surchargeGeorgia Supreme Court is expected in late 2018. Georgia Power believes the plaintiffs' claims have no merit and intends to be recovered from customers. The filing has been suspended for review by the Mississippi PSC.vigorously defend itself in this matter. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Mississippi Power
In 2016, a complaint against Mississippi Power was filed in Harrison County Circuit Court (Circuit Court) by Biloxi Freezing & Processing Inc., Gulfside Casino Partnership, and John Carlton Dean, which was amended and refiled to include, among other things, Southern Company as a defendant. The individual plaintiff alleges that Mississippi Power and Southern Company violated the Mississippi Unfair Trade Practices Act. All plaintiffs have alleged that Mississippi Power and Southern Company concealed, falsely represented, and failed to fully disclose important facts concerning the cost and schedule of the Kemper County energy facility and that these alleged breaches have unjustly enriched Mississippi Power and Southern Company. The plaintiffs seek unspecified actual damages and punitive damages; ask the Circuit Court to appoint a receiver to oversee, operate, manage, and otherwise control all affairs relating to the Kemper County energy facility; ask the Circuit Court to revoke any licenses or certificates authorizing Mississippi Power or Southern Company to engage in any business related to the Kemper County energy facility in Mississippi; and seek attorney's fees, costs, and interest. The plaintiffs also seek an injunction to prevent any Kemper County energy facility costs from being charged to customers through electric rates. In June 2017, the Circuit Court ruled in favor of motions by Southern Company and Mississippi Power and dismissed the case. In July 2017, the plaintiffs filed notice of an appeal.
Southern Company and Mississippi Power believe this legal challenge has no merit; however, an adverse outcome in this proceeding could have a material impact on Southern Company's and Mississippi Power's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity. Southern Company and Mississippi Power will vigorously defend itself in this matter, the ultimate outcome of which cannot be determined at this time.
Southern Power
During 2015, Southern Power indirectly acquired a 51% membership interest in RE Roserock LLC (Roserock), the owner of the Roserock facility in Pecos County, Texas, which was under construction by Recurrent Energy, EfficiencyLLC and was subsequently placed in service in November 2016. Prior to placing the facility in service, certain solar panels were damaged during installation. While the facility currently is generating energy consistent with operational expectations and PPA obligations, Southern Power is pursuing remedies under its insurance policies and other contracts to repair or replace these solar panels. In connection therewith, Southern Power is withholding payments of approximately $26 million from the construction contractor, who has placed a lien on the Roserock facility for the same amount. The amounts withheld are included in other accounts and notes payable and other current liabilities on Southern Company's consolidated balance sheets and other accounts payable and other current liabilities on Southern Power's consolidated balance sheets. In May 2017, Roserock filed a lawsuit in the state district court in Pecos County, Texas, against XL Insurance America, Inc. (XL) and North American Elite Insurance Company (North American Elite) seeking recovery from an insurance policy for damages resulting from a hail storm and certain installation practices by the construction contractor, McCarthy Building Companies, Inc. (McCarthy). Also in May 2017, Roserock filed a separate lawsuit against McCarthy in the state district court in Travis County, Texas alleging breach of contract and breach of warranty for the damages sustained at the Roserock facility, which has since been moved to the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas. Additionally in May 2017, McCarthy filed a counter lawsuit against Roserock, Array Technologies, Inc., Canadian Solar (USA), Inc., XL, and North American Elite in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas alleging, among other things, breach of contract, and requesting foreclosure of mechanic's liens against Roserock. In July 2017, the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas consolidated the two pending lawsuits. In December 2017, the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas dismissed McCarthy's claims against Canadian Solar (USA), Inc. and dismissed cross-claims that XL and North American Elite had sought to bring against Roserock. Southern Power intends to vigorously pursue and defend these matters, the ultimate outcome of which cannot be determined at this time.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Environmental Matters
Environmental Remediation
The Southern Company system must comply with environmental laws and regulations governing the handling and disposal of waste and releases of hazardous substances. Under these various laws and regulations, the Southern Company system could incur substantial costs to clean up affected sites. The traditional electric operating companies and the natural gas distribution utilities in Illinois, New Jersey, Georgia, and Florida have all received authority from their respective state PSCs or other applicable state regulatory agencies to recover approved environmental compliance costs through regulatory mechanisms. These regulatory mechanisms are adjusted annually or as necessary within limits approved by the state PSCs or other applicable state regulatory agencies.
Georgia Power's environmental remediation liability was $22 million as of both March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Georgia Power has been designated or identified as a potentially responsible party at sites governed by the Georgia Hazardous Site Response Act and/or by the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, and assessment and potential cleanup of such sites is expected.
Gulf Power's environmental remediation liability includes estimated costs of environmental remediation projects of approximately $49 million and $52 million as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. These estimated costs primarily relate to site closure criteria by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) for potential impacts to soil and groundwater from herbicide applications at Gulf Power's substations. The schedule for completion of the remediation projects is subject to FDEP approval.
Southern Company Gas' environmental remediation liability was $369 million and $388 million as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, based on the estimated cost of environmental investigation and remediation associated with known current and former manufactured gas plant operating sites. These environmental remediation expenditures are recoverable from customers through rate mechanisms approved by the applicable state regulatory agencies of the natural gas distribution utilities, with the exception of one site representing $2 million of the total accrued remediation costs.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time; however, as a result of the regulatory treatment for environmental remediation expenses described above, the final disposition of these matters is not expected to have a material impact on the financial statements of Southern Company, Georgia Power, Gulf Power, or Southern Company Gas.
FERC Matters
Market-Based Rate Authority
The traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power have authority from the FERC to sell electricity at market-based rates. Since 2008, that authority, for certain balancing authority areas, has been conditioned on compliance with the requirements of an energy auction, which the FERC found to be tailored mitigation that addresses potential market power concerns. In accordance with FERC regulations governing such authority, the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power filed a triennial market power analysis in 2014, which included continued reliance on the energy auction as tailored mitigation. In 2015, the FERC issued an order finding that the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's existing tailored mitigation may not effectively mitigate the potential to exert market power in certain areas served by the traditional electric operating companies and in some adjacent areas. The FERC directed the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power to show why market-based rate authority should not be revoked in these areas or to provide a mitigation plan to further address market power concerns. The traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power filed a request for rehearing and filed their response with the FERC in 2015.
In 2016, the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power filed an amendment to their market-based rate tariff that proposed certain changes to the energy auction, as well as several non-tariff changes. In February 2017, the FERC issued an order accepting all such changes subject to an additional condition of cost-based price caps for certain sales outside of the energy auction, finding that all of these changes would provide adequate

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

alternative mitigation for the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's potential to exert market power in certain areas served by the traditional electric operating companies and in some adjacent areas. In May 2017, the FERC accepted the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's compliance filing accepting the terms of the order. While the FERC's February 2017 order references the market power proceeding discussed above, it remains a separate, ongoing matter.
In October 2017, the FERC issued an order in response to the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's June 29, 2017 triennial updated market power analysis. The FERC directed the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power to show cause within 60 days why market-based rate authority should not be revoked in certain areas adjacent to the area presently under mitigation in accordance with the February 2017 order or to provide a mitigation plan to further address market power concerns. In November 2017, the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power responded to the FERC and proposed to resolve matters by applying the alternative mitigation authorized by the February 2017 order to the adjacent areas made the subject of the October 2017 order.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Cooperative Energy Power Supply Agreement
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Retail Regulatory"FERC Matters – Cooperative Energy Efficiency"Power Supply Agreement" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Mississippi Power's energy efficiency programs.Cooperative Energy's network integration transmission service agreement (NITSA) with SCS.
On July 6, 2017,March 23, 2018, the Mississippi PSC issued an order approving Mississippi Power's Energy Efficiency Cost Rider compliance filing, which increased annual retail revenues by approximately $2 million effective withFERC accepted the first billing cycle for August 2017.
Environmental Compliance Overview Plan
On May 4, 2017, the Mississippi PSC approved Mississippi Power's ECO Plan filing for 2017, which requested the maximum 2% annual increase in revenues, approximately $18 million, primarily relatedamendment to the Plant Daniel UnitsNITSA between Cooperative Energy and SCS, effective April 1, and 2 scrubbers placed in service in 2015. The rates became effective with the first billing cycle for June 2017. Approximately $26 million of related revenue requirements in excess of the 2% maximum was deferred for inclusion in the 2018 filing.2018.
Fuel Cost Recovery
Regulatory Matters
Alabama Power
See Note 3 to the financial statements of MississippiSouthern Company and Alabama Power under "Regulatory Matters Alabama Power" and "Retail Regulatory Matters," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Alabama Power's recovery of retail costs through various regulatory clauses and accounting orders. The balance of each regulatory clause recovery on the balance sheet follows:
Regulatory ClauseBalance Sheet Line ItemMarch 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
  (in millions)
Rate CNP ComplianceDeferred under recovered regulatory clause revenues$15
$17
Rate CNP PPADeferred under recovered regulatory clause revenues8
12
Retail Energy Cost RecoveryDeferred under recovered regulatory clause revenues78
25
Natural Disaster ReserveOther regulatory liabilities, deferred38
38
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved modifications to Rate RSE and other commitments designed to position Alabama Power to address the growing pressure on its credit quality resulting from the Tax Reform Legislation, without increasing retail rates under Rate RSE in the near term. Alabama Power plans to reduce growth in total debt by increasing equity, with corresponding reductions in debt issuances, thereby de-leveraging its capital structure. Alabama Power's goal is to achieve an equity ratio of approximately 55% by the end of 2025.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Rate RSE
The approved modifications to Rate RSE are effective June 2018 and applicable for January 2019 billings and thereafter. The modifications include reducing the top of the allowed weighted common equity return (WCER) range from 6.21% to 6.15% and modifications to the refund mechanism applicable to prior year actual results. The modifications to the refund mechanism allow Alabama Power to retain a portion of the revenue that causes the actual WCER for a given year to exceed the allowed range.
Generally, if Alabama Power's actual WCER range is between 6.15% and 7.65%, customers will receive 25% of the amount between 6.15% and 6.65%, 40% of the amount between 6.65% and 7.15%, and 75% of the amount between 7.15% and 7.65%. Customers will receive all amounts in excess of an actual WCER of 7.65%.
In conjunction with these modifications to Rate RSE, Alabama Power committed to a moratorium on any upward adjustments under Rate RSE for 2019 and 2020. Additionally, Alabama Power will return $50 million to customers through bill credits in 2019. Alabama Power typically has three to five business days to indicate its acceptance of the Alabama PSC's actions following issuance of the related Alabama PSC order. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
In accordance with an established retail tariff that provides for an interim adjustment to customer billings to recognize the impact of a change in the statutory income tax rate, Alabama Power will also return approximately $257 million to retail customers through bill credits in the second half of 2018 as a result of the change in the federal income tax rate under the Tax Reform Legislation.
Rate ECR
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved an increase to Rate ECR from 2.015 cents per KWH to 2.353 cents per KWH effective July 2018 which is expected to result in additional collections of approximately $100 million through December 31, 2018. The approved increase in the Rate ECR factor will have no significant effect on Alabama Power's net income, but will increase operating cash flows related to fuel cost recovery in 2018. The rate will return to 5.910 cents per KWH in 2019, absent a further order from the Alabama PSC. Alabama Power typically has three to five business days to indicate its acceptance of the Alabama PSC's actions following issuance of the related Alabama PSC order. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Accounting Order
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved an accounting order that authorizes Alabama Power to defer the benefits of federal excess deferred income taxes associated with the Tax Reform Legislation for the year ending December 31, 2018 as a regulatory liability. Up to $30 million of such deferrals may be used to offset under-recovered amounts under Rate ECR, with any remaining amounts to be used for the benefit of customers as determined by the Alabama PSC. Alabama Power expects the benefits deferred to total approximately $30 million to $50 million. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time. See Note 5 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Alabama Power under "Federal Tax Reform Legislation" and of Alabama Power under "Current and Deferred Income Taxes" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Georgia Power
Georgia Power's revenues from regulated retail operations are collected through various rate mechanisms subject to the oversight of the Georgia PSC. Georgia Power currently recovers its costs from the regulated retail business through the 2013 ARP, which includes traditional base tariff rates, Demand-Side Management tariffs, Environmental Compliance Cost Recovery tariffs, and Municipal Franchise Fee tariffs. In addition, financing costs related to certified construction costs of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are being collected through the NCCR tariff and fuel costs are collected through a separate fuel cost recovery tariff. See "Nuclear Construction" herein and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Nuclear Construction" and Georgia Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Nuclear Construction" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the NCCR tariff. Also see "Fuel Cost Recovery" herein and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Fuel Cost Recovery" and Georgia Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Fuel Cost Recovery" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Mississippi Power's retail fuel cost recovery.
At June 30, 2017, the amount of over-recovered retail fuel costs included on Mississippi Power's condensed balance sheet was $14 million compared to $37 million at December 31, 2016.
Ad Valorem Tax AdjustmentRate Plans
See Note 3 to the financial statements of MississippiSouthern Company and Georgia Power under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Rate Plans" and "Retail Regulatory Matters – Ad Valorem Tax Adjustment"Rate Plans," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding MississippiGeorgia Power's ad valorem tax adjustments.2013 ARP and the Georgia PSC's 2018 order related to the Tax Reform Legislation.
On July 6, 2017,April 3, 2018, the MississippiGeorgia PSC approved Mississippia settlement agreement between Georgia Power and the staff of the Georgia PSC regarding the retail rate impact of the Tax Reform Legislation (Georgia Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement). Pursuant to the Georgia Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, to reflect the federal income tax rate reduction impact of the Tax Reform Legislation, Georgia Power will refund to customers a total of $330 million through bill credits of $131 million in October 2018, $96 million in June 2019, and $103 million in February 2020. In addition, Georgia Power is deferring as a regulatory liability (i) the revenue equivalent of the tax expense reduction resulting from legislation lowering the Georgia state income tax rate from 6.00% to 5.75% in 2019 and (ii) the entire benefit of approximately $700 million in federal and state excess accumulated deferred income taxes. The amortization of these regulatory liabilities is expected to be addressed in Georgia Power's annual ad valorem tax adjustment factor filing for 2017,next base rate case, which included an annualis scheduled to be filed by July 1, 2019. If there is not a base rate increase of 0.85%, or $8case in 2019, customers will receive $185 million in annual bill credits beginning in 2020, with any additional federal and state income tax savings deferred as a regulatory liability, until Georgia Power's next base rate case.
To address the negative cash flow and credit metric impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation, the Georgia PSC also approved an increase in Georgia Power's retail revenues, primarily dueequity ratio to increased assessments.the lower of (i) Georgia Power's actual common equity weight in its capital structure or (ii) 55%, until Georgia Power's next base rate case. Benefits from reduced federal income tax rates in excess of the amounts refunded to customers will be retained by Georgia Power to cover the carrying costs of the incremental equity in 2018 and 2019.
Southern Company Gas
Natural GasFuel Cost Recovery
As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, Georgia Power's under recovered fuel balance totaled $156 million and $165 million, respectively, and is included in current assets on Southern Company Gas has established natural gasCompany's and Georgia Power's condensed balance sheets. The Georgia PSC will review Georgia Power's cumulative over or under recovered fuel balance no later than September 1, 2018 and evaluate the need to file a fuel case. Georgia Power continues to be allowed to adjust its fuel cost recovery rates approved byunder an interim fuel rider prior to the relevant state regulatory agencies innext fuel case if the states in which it serves. Natural gasunder or over recovered fuel balance exceeds $200 million.
Fuel cost recovery revenues are adjusted for differences in actual recoverable natural gasfuel costs and amounts billed in current regulated rates. ChangesAccordingly, changes in the billing factor will not have a significant effect on Southern Company's or Southern Company Gas'Georgia Power's revenues or net income, but will affect cash flows.flow.
Gulf Power
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Gulf Power's rates and charges for service to retail customers.
Retail Base Rate CasesCase
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gasand Gulf Power under "Regulatory Matters – Gulf Power – Retail Base Rate Cases" and "Retail Regulatory Matters – Retail Base Rate Cases," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Settled BaseAs a continuation of a settlement agreement approved by the Florida PSC in April 2017 (2017 Gulf Power Rate Cases
On February 21, 2017,Case Settlement Agreement), on March 26, 2018, the GeorgiaFlorida PSC approved the Georgia Rate Adjustment Mechanism (GRAM)a stipulation and a $20 million increase in annual base rate revenues for Atlanta Gas Light, effective March 1, 2017. GRAM adjusts base rates annually, up or down, based on the previously approved ROE of 10.75% and does not collect revenue through special riders and surcharges. Various infrastructure programs previously authorized by the Georgia PSC under Atlanta Gas Light's STRIDE program, which include the Integrated Vintage Plastic Replacement Program,settlement agreement

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Integrated System Reinforcement Program,among Gulf Power and Integrated Customer Growth Program, will continue under GRAM andthree intervenors addressing the recoveryretail revenue requirement effects of and return on the infrastructure program investments will be includedTax Reform Legislation (Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement).
The Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement results in annual reductions to Gulf Power's revenues of $18.2 million from base rate adjustments. The Georgia PSC will review Atlanta Gas Light's performance annually under GRAM.
Beginning with the next rate adjustment in Junerates and $15.6 million from environmental cost recovery rates, implemented April 1, 2018, Atlanta Gas Light's recovery of the previously unrecovered Pipeline Replacement Program revenue through 2014, as well as the mitigation costs associated with the Pipeline Replacement Program that were not previously included in its rates, willand also be included in GRAM. In connection with the GRAM approval, the last monthly Pipeline Replacement Program surcharge increase became effective March 1, 2017.
In September 2016, Elizabethtown Gas filed a general base rate case with the New Jersey BPU requesting a $19 million increase in annual base rate revenues. The requested increase was based on a projected 12-month test year ending March 31, 2017 and a ROE of 10.25%. On June 30, 2017, the New Jersey BPU approved a settlement that provides for a $13one-time refund of $69.4 million for the retail portion of unprotected (not subject to normalization) deferred tax liabilities through Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery rate over the remainder of 2018. As a result of the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, the Florida PSC also approved an increase in annual base rate revenues, effective July 1, 2017, basedGulf Power's maximum equity ratio from 52.5% to 53.5% for all retail regulatory purposes.
As part of the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, a limited scope proceeding to address protected deferred tax liabilities consistent with IRS normalization principles was initiated on April 30, 2018. Pending resolution of this proceeding, Gulf Power is deferring the related amounts for 2018 as a ROE of 9.6%. Also includedregulatory liability. Unless otherwise agreed to by the parties to the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, amounts recorded in the settlement was a new composite depreciation rate that is expected to result in a $3 million annual reduction of depreciation.
Pending Base Rate Cases
On March 10, 2017, Nicor Gas filed a general base rate case with the Illinois Commission requesting a $208 million increase in annual base rate revenues. The requested increase is based on a 2018 projected test year and a ROE of 10.7%. The Illinois Commission is expected to rule on the requested increase within the 11-month statutory time limit, after which rate adjustmentsthis regulatory liability will be effective.
On March 31, 2017, Virginia Natural Gas filed a general base rate case with the Virginia Commission requesting a $44 million increaserefunded to retail customers in annual base rate revenues. The requested increase is based on a projected 12-month test year beginning September 1, 2017 and a ROE of 10.25%. The requested increase includes $13 million related to the2019 through Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery of investments under the Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy (SAVE) program. The Virginia Commission is expected to rule on the requested increase in the first quarter 2018. Rate adjustments are expected to be effective September 1, 2017, subject to refund.
rates. The ultimate outcome of these pending base rate casesthis matter cannot be determined at this time.
Regulatory Infrastructure Programs
Southern Company Gas is engaged in various infrastructure programs that update or expand its gas distribution systems to improve reliability and ensure the safety of its utility infrastructure, and recovers in rates its investment and a return associated with these infrastructure programs. Expenditures incurred in the first three months of 2018 were as follows:
Utility Program First Quarter 2018
    (in millions)
Nicor Gas Investing in Illinois $31
Atlanta Gas Light Georgia Rate Adjustment Mechanism (GRAM) infrastructure spending 62
Virginia Natural Gas Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy 11
Florida City Gas Safety, Access, and Facility Enhancement Program 2
Total   $106
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL "Regulatory Matters Infrastructure Replacement Programs and Capital Projects" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Regulatory Matters Regulatory Infrastructure Programs" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Income Tax Matters
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FUTURE EARNINGS POTENTIAL – "Income Tax Matters" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K and FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Credit Rating Risk," Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas," and Note (H) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding the Tax Reform Legislation and related regulatory actions.
Other Matters
Southern Company Gas is involved in various other matters being litigated and regulatory matters that could affect future earnings. In addition, Southern Company Gas is subject to certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. The ultimate outcome of such pending or potential litigation or regulatory matters cannot be predicted at this time; however, for current proceedings not specifically reported in Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein, management does not anticipate that the ultimate liabilities, if any, arising from such current proceedings would have a material effect on Southern Company Gas' financial statements. See Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for a discussion of various other contingencies and regulatory matters, and other matters being litigated which may affect future earnings potential.
Southern Company Gas owns a 50% interest in a planned LNG liquefaction and storage facility in Jacksonville, Florida. Once construction is complete and the facility is operational, it will be outfitted with a 2.0 million gallon storage tank with the capacity to produce in excess of 120,000 gallons of LNG per day. It is expected to be operational in the first half of 2018. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Southern Company Gas prepares its financial statements in accordance with GAAP. Significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas in Item 8 of the Form 10-K. In the application of these policies, certain estimates are made that may have a material impact on Southern Company Gas' results of operations and related disclosures. Different assumptions and measurements could produce estimates that are significantly different from those recorded in the financial statements. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Application of Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates" of

149

SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a complete discussion of Southern Company Gas' critical accounting policies and estimates.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – ACCOUNTING POLICIES – "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). See Note (A) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding Southern Company Gas' recently adopted accounting standards.
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY
Overview
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Overview" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information. Southern Company Gas' financial condition remained stable at March 31, 2018. Southern Company Gas intends to continue to monitor its access to short-term and long-term capital markets as well as bank credit agreements to meet future capital and liquidity needs. See "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations," "Sources of Capital," and "Financing Activities" herein for additional information.
By regulation, Nicor Gas is restricted, to the extent of its retained earnings balance, in the amount it can dividend or loan to affiliates and is not permitted to make money pool loans to affiliates. The New Jersey BPU restricts the amount Elizabethtown Gas can dividend to its parent company to 70% of its quarterly net income. Additionally, as stipulated in the New Jersey BPU's order approving the Merger, Southern Company Gas is prohibited from paying dividends to its parent company, Southern Company, if Southern Company Gas' senior unsecured debt rating falls below investment grade. At March 31, 2018, the amount of subsidiary retained earnings and net income restricted to dividend totaled $776 million. These restrictions did not have any impact on Southern Company Gas' ability to meet its cash obligations, nor does management expect such restrictions to materially impact Southern Company Gas' ability to meet its currently anticipated cash obligations.
Net cash provided from operating activities totaled $978 million for the first three months of 2018, an increase of $222 million compared to the first three months of 2017. The increase in net cash provided from operating activities was primarily due to increased volumes of natural gas sold during the first three months of 2018. Net cash used for investing activities totaled $361 million for the first three months of 2018 primarily due to gross property additions related to capital expenditures for infrastructure investments recovered through replacement programs at gas distribution operations and capital contributed to equity method investments in pipelines. Net cash used for financing activities totaled $595 million for the first three months of 2018 primarily due to net repayments of commercial paper borrowings and a common stock dividend payment to Southern Company. Cash flows from financing activities vary from period to period based on capital needs and the maturity or redemption of securities.
Significant balance sheet changes at March 31, 2018 include a decrease of $413 million in natural gas for sale, net of temporary LIFO liquidation, due to the use of stored natural gas and a $483 million decrease in notes payable primarily related to net repayments of commercial paper borrowings. Other significant balance sheet changes include decreases of $54 million in accounts payable as well as $159 million and $109 million in energy marketing receivables and payables, respectively, due to lower natural gas prices, and an increase of $169 million in total property, plant, and equipment primarily due to infrastructure investments recovered through replacement programs.
Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations
See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Capital Requirements and Contractual Obligations" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for a description of Southern Company Gas' capital requirements and contractual obligations. Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings caused $20 million aggregate principal amount of gas facility revenue bonds issued for its benefit to be redeemed. An additional $335 million will be required through March 31, 2019 to fund

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


announced redemptions and maturities of long-term debt. See "Sources of Capital" herein for additional information.
The regulatory infrastructure programs and other construction programs are subject to periodic review and revision, and actual costs may vary from these estimates because of numerous factors. These factors include: changes in business conditions; changes in FERC rules and regulations; state regulatory approvals; changes in legislation; the cost and efficiency of labor, equipment, and materials; project scope and design changes; and the cost of capital. In addition, there can be no assurance that costs related to capital expenditures will be fully recovered. See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements of Southern Company Gas in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding additional factors that may impact infrastructure investment expenditures.
Sources of Capital
Southern Company Gas plans to obtain the funds to meet its future capital needs through operating cash flows, external securities issuances, borrowings from financial institutions, and equity contributions from Southern Company. In addition, Southern Company Gas plans to utilize the proceeds from the pending sales of Elizabethtown Gas, Elkton Gas, and Pivotal Home Solutions to pay the income taxes resulting from the sales, to retire existing debt, and for general corporate purposes. However, the amount, type, and timing of any future financings, if needed, depend upon prevailing market conditions, regulatory approval, and other factors. The issuance of securities by Nicor Gas is generally subject to the approval of the Illinois Commission. See MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Sources of Capital" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
At March 31, 2018, Southern Company Gas' current liabilities exceeded current assets by $972 million primarily as a result of $1.0 billion in notes payable. Southern Company Gas' current liabilities frequently exceed current assets because of commercial paper borrowings used to fund daily operations, scheduled maturities of long-term debt, and significant seasonal fluctuations in cash needs. Southern Company Gas intends to utilize operating cash flows, external securities issuances, borrowings from financial institutions, equity contributions from Southern Company, and the proceeds from the pending sales of Elizabethtown Gas, Elkton Gas, and Pivotal Home Solutions to fund its short-term capital needs. Southern Company Gas has substantial cash flow from operating activities and access to the capital markets and financial institutions to meet liquidity needs.
At March 31, 2018, Southern Company Gas had $94 million of cash and cash equivalents. Committed credit arrangements with banks at March 31, 2018 were as follows:
Company Expires 2022 Unused
  (in millions)
Southern Company Gas Capital(a)
 $1,400
 $1,390
Nicor Gas 500
 500
Total(b)
 $1,900
 $1,890
(a)Southern Company Gas guarantees the obligations of Southern Company Gas Capital.
(b)Pursuant to the credit arrangement, the allocations between Southern Company Gas Capital and Nicor Gas may be adjusted.
See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Bank Credit Arrangements" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (F) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Bank Credit Arrangements" herein for additional information.
The multi-year credit arrangement of Southern Company Gas Capital and Nicor Gas (Facility) contains a covenant that limits the ratio of debt to capitalization (as defined in the Facility) to a maximum of 70% for each of Southern Company Gas and Nicor Gas and contains a cross-acceleration provision to other indebtedness (including guarantee obligations) of the applicable company. Such cross-acceleration provision to other indebtedness would trigger an event of default of the applicable company if Southern Company Gas or Nicor Gas defaulted on indebtedness, the payment of which was then accelerated. The term loan agreement for Pivotal Utility Holdings contains similar

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


provisions related to Southern Company Gas. At March 31, 2018, both companies were in compliance with such covenant. The Facility does not contain a material adverse change clause at the time of borrowings.
Subject to applicable market conditions, the applicable company expects to renew or replace the Facility as needed, prior to expiration. In connection therewith, the applicable company may extend the maturity dates and/or increase or decrease the lending commitments thereunder. A portion of unused credit with banks provides liquidity support to Southern Company Gas.
Southern Company Gas makes short-term borrowings primarily through commercial paper programs that have the liquidity support of the committed bank credit arrangements described above. Commercial paper borrowings are included in notes payable in the balance sheets.
Details of short-term borrowings were as follows:
 
Short-Term Debt at
March 31, 2018
 
Short-Term Debt During the Period(*)
 Amount
Outstanding
 Weighted Average Interest Rate Average Amount Outstanding Weighted Average Interest Rate Maximum Amount Outstanding
Commercial paper:(in millions)   (in millions)   (in millions)
Southern Company Gas Capital$855
 2.4% $960
 2.0% $1,261
Nicor Gas180
 2.2
 189
 1.8
 275
Short-term loans:         
Southern Company Gas
 % 92
 2.8% 100
Total$1,035
 2.4% $1,241
 2.0%  
(*)Average and maximum amounts are based upon daily balances during the three-month period ended March 31, 2018.
Southern Company Gas believes the need for working capital can be adequately met by utilizing commercial paper programs, lines of credit, and operating cash flows.
Additionally, at March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings was party to a series of loan agreements with the New Jersey Economic Development Authority and Brevard County, Florida under which five series of gas facility revenue bonds totaling $200 million had been issued. The Elizabethtown Gas asset sale agreement requires that bonds representing $180 million of the total that are currently eligible for redemption at par be redeemed on or prior to consummation of the sale. See "Financing Activities" herein for additional information regarding the redemption of these bonds.
Credit Rating Risk
Southern Company Gas does not have any credit arrangements that would require material changes in payment schedules or terminations as a result of a credit rating downgrade.
There are certain contracts that could require collateral, but not accelerated payment, in the event of a credit rating change below BBB- and/or Baa3. These contracts are for physical gas purchases and sales and energy price risk management. The maximum potential collateral requirement under these contracts at March 31, 2018 was $11 million.
Generally, collateral may be provided by a Southern Company guaranty, letter of credit, or cash. Additionally, a credit rating downgrade could impact the ability of Southern Company Gas to access capital markets, and would be likely to impact the cost at which it does so.
While it is unclear how the credit rating agencies and the relevant state regulatory bodies may respond to the Tax Reform Legislation, certain financial metrics, such as the funds from operations to debt percentage, used by the credit rating agencies to assess Southern Company and its subsidiaries, including Southern Company Gas, may be negatively impacted. Absent actions by Southern Company and its subsidiaries, including Southern Company Gas,

152

SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


to mitigate the resulting impacts, which, among other alternatives, could include adjusting capital structure and/or monetizing regulatory assets, Southern Company Gas', Southern Company Gas Capital's, and Nicor Gas' credit ratings could be negatively affected. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas" herein for additional information.
Financing Activities
The long-term debt on Southern Company Gas' balance sheets includes both principal and non-principal components. As of March 31, 2018, the non-principal components totaled $494 million, which consisted of the unamortized portions of the fair value adjustment recorded in purchase accounting, debt premiums, debt discounts, and debt issuance costs.
On January 4, 2018, Southern Company Gas issued a floating rate promissory note to Southern Company in an aggregate principal amount of $100 million bearing interest based on one-month LIBOR. On March 28, 2018, Southern Company Gas repaid this promissory note.
Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings caused $20 million aggregate principal amount of gas facility revenue bonds to be redeemed and provided notice of its intent to cause, on May 23, 2018, the remaining $180 million aggregate principal amount of gas facility revenue bonds issued for its benefit to be redeemed. Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings, as borrower, and Southern Company Gas, as guarantor, entered into a $181 million short-term delayed draw floating rate bank term loan agreement. Pivotal Utility Holdings has the right to borrow up to $181 million on or before May 31, 2018, upon satisfaction of certain customary conditions. Pivotal Utility Holdings expects the proceeds to be used to repay the remaining $180 million of gas facility revenue bonds.
In addition to any financings that may be necessary to meet capital requirements and contractual obligations, Southern Company Gas plans to continue, when economically feasible, a program to retire higher-cost securities and replace these obligations with lower-cost capital if market conditions permit.
Market Price Risk
Other than the items discussed below, there were no material changes to Southern Company Gas' disclosures about market price risk during the first quarter 2018. For an in-depth discussion of Southern Company Gas' market price risks, see MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – FINANCIAL CONDITION AND LIQUIDITY – "Market Price Risk" of Southern Company Gas in Item 7 of the Form 10-K. Also see Notes (D) and (I) to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information relating to derivative instruments.
Southern Company Gas is exposed to market risks, primarily commodity price risk, interest rate risk, and weather risk. Due to various cost recovery mechanisms, the natural gas distribution utilities of Southern Company Gas that sell natural gas directly to end-use customers have limited exposure to market volatility of natural gas prices. Certain natural gas distribution utilities of Southern Company Gas manage fuel-hedging programs implemented per the guidelines of their respective state regulatory agencies to hedge the impact of market fluctuations in natural gas prices for customers. For the weather risk associated with Nicor Gas, Southern Company Gas has a corporate weather hedging program that utilizes weather derivatives to reduce the risk of lower operating margins potentially resulting from significantly warmer-than-normal weather. In addition, certain non-regulated operations routinely utilize various types of derivative instruments to economically hedge certain commodity price and weather risks inherent in the natural gas industry. These instruments include a variety of exchange-traded and over-the-counter energy contracts, such as forward contracts, futures contracts, options contracts, and swap agreements. Some of these economic hedge activities may not qualify, or are not designated, for hedge accounting treatment. For the periods presented below, the changes in net fair value of Southern Company Gas' derivative contracts were as follows:

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MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS


 First Quarter First Quarter
 2018 2017
 (in millions)
Contracts outstanding at beginning of period, assets (liabilities), net$(106) $12
Contracts realized or otherwise settled49
 4
Current period changes(a)
(13) 48
Contracts outstanding at the end of period, assets (liabilities), net(70) 64
Netting of cash collateral223
 92
Cash collateral and net fair value of contracts outstanding at end of period(b)
$153
 $156
(a)Current period changes also include the fair value of new contracts entered into during the period, if any.
(b)Net fair value of derivative contracts outstanding excludes premium and the intrinsic value associated with weather derivatives of $4 million at March 31, 2018 and includes premium and the intrinsic value associated with weather derivatives of $19 million at March 31, 2017.
The maturities of Southern Company Gas' energy-related derivative contracts at March 31, 2018 were as follows:
   Fair Value Measurements
   March 31, 2018
 Total
Fair Value
 Maturity
  Year 1  Years 2 & 3 Years 4 and thereafter
 (in millions)
Level 1(a)
$(146) $(51) $(68) $(27)
Level 2(b)
76
 22
 16
 38
Fair value of contracts outstanding at end of period(c)
$(70) $(29) $(52) $11
(a)Valued using NYMEX futures prices.
(b)Valued using basis transactions that represent the cost to transport natural gas from a NYMEX delivery point to the contract delivery point. These transactions are based on quotes obtained either through electronic trading platforms or directly from brokers.
(c)Excludes cash collateral of $223 million as well as premium and associated intrinsic value associated with weather derivatives of $4 million at March 31, 2018.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR
THE SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ALABAMA POWER COMPANY
GEORGIA POWER COMPANY
GULF POWER COMPANY
MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY
SOUTHERN POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
(UNAUDITED)


INDEX TO THE NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NotePage Number
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L





INDEX TO APPLICABLE NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS BY REGISTRANT
The following unaudited notes to the condensed financial statements are a combined presentation. The list below indicates the registrants to which each footnote applies.
RegistrantApplicable Notes
Southern CompanyA, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L
Alabama PowerA, B, C, D, F, G, H, I
Georgia PowerA, B, C, D, F, G, H, I
Gulf PowerA, B, C, D, F, G, H, I
Mississippi PowerA, B, C, D, F, G, H, I
Southern PowerA, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J
Southern Company GasA, B, C, D, F, G, H, I, J, K, L


THE SOUTHERN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
ALABAMA POWER COMPANY
GEORGIA POWER COMPANY
GULF POWER COMPANY
MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY
SOUTHERN POWER COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES
SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:
(UNAUDITED)

(A)INTRODUCTION
The condensed quarterly financial statements of each registrant included herein have been prepared by such registrant, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. The Condensed Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2017 have been derived from the audited financial statements of each registrant. In the opinion of each registrant's management, the information regarding such registrant furnished herein reflects all adjustments, which, except as otherwise disclosed, are of a normal recurring nature, necessary to present fairly the results of operations for the periods ended March 31, 2018 and 2017. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although each registrant believes that the disclosures regarding such registrant are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. Disclosures which would substantially duplicate the disclosures in the Form 10-K and details which have not changed significantly in amount or composition since the filing of the Form 10-K are generally omitted from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q unless specifically required by GAAP. Therefore, these Condensed Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Form 10-K. Due to the seasonal variations in the demand for energy, operating results for the periods presented are not necessarily indicative of the operating results to be expected for the full year.
Certain prior year data presented in the financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no impact on the results of operations, financial position, or cash flows of any registrant.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
See Note 1 to the financial statements of the registrants under "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Revenue
In 2014, the FASB issued ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606), replacing the existing accounting standard and industry-specific guidance for revenue recognition with a five-step model for recognizing and measuring revenue from contracts with customers. The underlying principle of the standard is to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers at the amount expected to be collected. ASC 606 became effective on January 1, 2018 and the registrants adopted it using the modified retrospective method applied to open contracts and only to the version of the contracts in effect as of January 1, 2018. In accordance with the modified retrospective method, the registrants' previously issued financial statements have not been restated to comply with ASC 606 and the registrants did not have a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings. The adoption of ASC 606 had no significant impact on the timing of revenue recognition compared to previously reported results; however, it requires enhanced disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and the related cash flows arising from contracts with customers, which are included in Note (C).

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

ASC 606 provided additional clarity on financial statement presentation that resulted in reclassifications into other revenues and other operations and maintenance from other income/(expense), net at Alabama Power and Georgia Power related to certain unregulated sales of products and services. In addition, contract assets related to certain fixed retail revenues and pole attachment revenues at Georgia Power have been reclassified from unbilled revenue and other accounts and notes receivable, respectively, in accordance with the guidance in ASC 606. Neither of these changes resulted in an adjustment to the timing or amount of the recognition of revenues or cash flows. ASC 606 also provided additional guidance on over-time revenue recognition, resulting in a change in the timing of revenue recognized from guaranteed and fixed billing arrangements at Southern Company Gas. The increase in natural gas revenues recognized in the first quarter 2018 relates primarily to the seasonal nature of natural gas usage and is expected to be offset by decreases in natural gas revenue recognized in future periods during 2018.
The net impact of accounting for revenue under ASC 606 increased Southern Company's consolidated net income and net income per share by $10 million and $0.01 per basic share, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2018.
The specific impacts of applying ASC 606 to revenues from contracts with customers on the financial statements of Southern Company, Alabama Power, Georgia Power, and Southern Company Gas as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to previously recognized guidance is shown below.
 
As of and for the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
 As Reported
Balances Without Adoption of
ASC 606
Effect of Change
 (in millions)
Southern Company   
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income   
Natural gas revenues$1,607
$1,593
$14
Other revenues413
412
1
Other operations and maintenance1,451
1,441
10
Operating income1,376
1,371
5
Other income (expense), net60
51
9
Earnings before income taxes1,049
1,035
14
Income taxes113
109
4
Consolidated net income936
926
10
Consolidated net income attributable to Southern Company938
928
10
Basic earnings per share$0.93
$0.92
$0.01
Diluted earnings per share$0.92
$0.91
$0.01
    
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flow   
Consolidated net income$936
$926
$10
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities:   
Receivables197
211
(14)
Other current assets7
(7)14
Accrued taxes(79)(75)(4)
Other current liabilities81
67
14
    

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

 
As of and for the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
 As Reported
Balances Without Adoption of
ASC 606
Effect of Change
 (in millions)
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet   
Unbilled revenues$777
$822
$(45)
Other accounts and notes receivable703
709
(6)
Other current assets286
235
51
Accrued taxes368
364
4
Other current liabilities923
937
(14)
Retained earnings9,257
9,247
10
    
Alabama Power   
Condensed Statements of Income   
Other revenues$63
$55
$8
Other operations and maintenance387
377
10
Operating income372
374
(2)
Other income (expense), net5
3
2
    
Georgia Power   
Condensed Statements of Income   
Other revenues$109
$94
$15
Other operations and maintenance408
394
14
Operating income513
512
1
Other income (expense), net38
39
(1)
    
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows   
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities:   
Receivables$135
$145
$(10)
Other current assets9
(1)10
    
Condensed Balance Sheet   
Unbilled revenues$189
$202
$(13)
Other accounts and notes receivable77
83
(6)
Other current assets39
20
19
    

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

 
As of and for the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2018
 As Reported
Balances Without Adoption of
ASC 606
Effect of Change
 (in millions)
Southern Company Gas   
Condensed Statements of Income   
Natural gas revenues$1,631
$1,617
$14
Operating income388
374
14
Earnings before income taxes383
369
14
Income taxes104
100
4
Net income279
269
10
    
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows   
Net income$279
$269
$10
Changes in certain current assets and liabilities:   
Accrued taxes28
32
(4)
Other current liabilities48
34
14
    
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet   
Accrued income taxes$77
$73
$4
Other current liabilities143
157
(14)
Accumulated deficit(55)(65)10
Other
In 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (ASU 2016-18). ASU 2016-18 eliminates the need to reflect transfers between cash and restricted cash in operating, investing, and financing activities in the statements of cash flows. In addition, the net change in cash and cash equivalents during the period includes amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The registrants adopted ASU 2016-18 effective January 1, 2018 with no material impact on their financial statements. Southern Company, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas retrospectively applied ASU 2016-18 effective January 1, 2018 and have restated prior periods in the statements of cash flows by immaterial amounts. The change in restricted cash in the statements of cash flows was previously disclosed in operating activities for Southern Company and Southern Company Gas and in investing activities for Southern Company and Southern Power. See "Restricted Cash" herein for additional information.
In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (ASU 2017-07). ASU 2017-07 requires that an employer report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs and requires the other components of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs to be separately presented in the statements of income outside of income from operations. Additionally, only the service cost component is eligible for capitalization, when applicable. The registrants adopted ASU 2017-07 effective January 1, 2018 with no material impact on their financial statements. ASU 2017-07 has been applied retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost component and the other components of net periodic benefit costs in the statements of income for Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, and Southern Company Gas. Since Southern Power did not participate in the qualified pension and postretirement benefit plans until December 2017, no retrospective presentation of Southern Power's net periodic benefits costs is required. The requirement to limit capitalization to the service cost component of net periodic benefit costs has been applied on a

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

prospective basis from the date of adoption for all registrants. The presentation changes resulted in a decrease in operating income and an increase in other income for the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017 for Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, and Southern Company Gas.
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities (ASU 2017-12). ASU 2017-12 makes more financial and non-financial hedging strategies eligible for hedge accounting, amends the related presentation and disclosure requirements, and simplifies hedge effectiveness assessment requirements. ASU 2017-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The registrants adopted ASU 2017-12 effective January 1, 2018 with no material impact on their financial statements. See Note (I) for disclosures required by ASU 2017-12.
On February 14, 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (ASU 2018-02) to address the application of ASC 740, Income Taxes (ASC 740) to certain provisions of the Tax Reform Legislation. ASU 2018-02 specifically addresses the ASC 740 requirement that the effect of a change in tax laws or rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities be included in income from continuing operations, even when the tax effects were initially recognized directly in OCI at the previous rate, which strands the income tax rate differential in accumulated OCI. The amendments in ASU 2018-02 allow a reclassification from accumulated OCI to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Reform Legislation. The registrants adopted ASU 2018-02 effective January 1, 2018 with no material impact on their financial statements.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, goodwill was as follows:
 Goodwill
 At March 31, 2018At December 31, 2017
 (in millions)
Southern Company$6,226
$6,268
Southern Power$2
$2
Southern Company Gas  
Gas distribution operations$4,702
$4,702
Gas marketing services1,223
1,265
Southern Company Gas total$5,925
$5,967
On April 11, 2018, Southern Company Gas entered into a stock purchase agreement for the sale of Pivotal Home Solutions. In contemplation of the transaction, a goodwill impairment charge of $42 million was recorded as of March 31, 2018. See Note (J) under "Southern Company Gas" for additional information.
Goodwill is not amortized, but is subject to an annual impairment test during the fourth quarter of each year, or more frequently if impairment indicators arise.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Other intangible assets were as follows:
 At March 31, 2018 At December 31, 2017
 Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated Amortization
Other
Intangible Assets, Net
 Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationOther
Intangible Assets, Net
 (in millions) (in millions)
Southern Company       
Other intangible assets subject to amortization:       
Customer relationships$288
$(93)$195
 $288
$(83)$205
Trade names159
(19)140
 159
(17)142
Storage and transportation contracts64
(40)24
 64
(34)30
PPA fair value adjustments456
(54)402
 456
(47)409
Other18
(6)12
 17
(5)12
Total other intangible assets subject to amortization$985
$(212)$773

$984
$(186)$798
Other intangible assets not subject to amortization:       
Federal Communications Commission licenses75

75
 75

75
Total other intangible assets$1,060
$(212)$848
 $1,059
$(186)$873
        
Southern Power       
Other intangible assets subject to amortization:       
PPA fair value adjustments$456
$(54)$402
 $456
$(47)$409
        
Southern Company Gas       
Other intangible assets subject to amortization:       
Gas marketing services       
Customer relationships$221
$(86)$135
 $221
$(77)$144
Trade names115
(10)105
 115
(9)106
Wholesale gas services       
Storage and transportation contracts64
(40)24
 64
(34)30
Total other intangible assets subject to amortization$400
$(136)$264
 $400
$(120)$280

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Amortization associated with other intangible assets was as follows:
 Three Months Ended
 March 31, 2018
 (in millions)
Southern Company$26
Southern Power$7
Southern Company Gas$16
Restricted Cash
The registrants adopted ASU 2016-18 as of January 1, 2018. See "Recently Adopted Accounting Standards – Other" herein for additional information.
At December 31, 2017, Southern Power had restricted cash primarily related to certain acquisitions and construction projects. At both March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, Southern Company Gas had restricted cash held as collateral for worker's compensation, life insurance, and long-term disability insurance.
The following tables provide a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the condensed balance sheets that total to the amounts shown in the condensed statements of cash flows for the registrants that had restricted cash at March 31, 2018 and/or December 31, 2017:
 Southern CompanySouthern Company Gas
 (in millions)
At March 31, 2018  
Cash and cash equivalents$2,284
$94
Restricted cash:  
Other accounts and notes receivable6
6
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$2,290
$100
 Southern Company
Southern
Power
Southern Company Gas
 (in millions)
At December 31, 2017   
Cash and cash equivalents$2,130
$129
$73
Restricted cash:   
Other accounts and notes receivable5

5
Deferred charges and other assets12
11

Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$2,147
$140
$78
Natural Gas for Sale
Southern Company Gas' natural gas distribution utilities, with the exception of Nicor Gas, carry natural gas inventory on a WACOG basis.
Nicor Gas' natural gas inventory is carried at cost on a LIFO basis. Inventory decrements occurring during the year that are restored prior to year end are charged to cost of natural gas at the estimated annual replacement cost. Inventory decrements that are not restored prior to year end are charged to cost of natural gas at the actual LIFO cost of the inventory layers liquidated. Southern Company Gas' inventory decrement at March 31, 2018 is expected

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

to be restored prior to year end. The cost of natural gas, including inventory costs, is recovered from customers under a purchased gas recovery mechanism adjusted for differences between actual costs and amounts billed; therefore, LIFO liquidations have no impact on Southern Company's or Southern Company Gas' net income.
Natural gas inventories for Southern Company Gas' non-utility businesses are carried at the lower of weighted average cost or current market price, with cost determined on a WACOG basis. For any declines in market prices below the WACOG considered to be other than temporary, an adjustment is recorded to reduce the value of natural gas inventories to market value. Southern Company Gas had no material LOCOM adjustment in any period presented.
Hypothetical Liquidation at Book Value
Southern Power has consolidated renewable generation projects that are partially financed by a third-party tax equity investor. The related contractual provisions represent profit-sharing arrangements because the allocations of cash distributions and tax benefits are not based on fixed ownership percentages. Therefore, the noncontrolling interest is accounted for under a balance sheet approach utilizing the hypothetical liquidation at book value (HLBV) method. The HLBV method calculates each partner's share of income based on the change in net equity the partner can legally claim in a hypothetical liquidation at the end of the period compared to the beginning of the period.
(B)CONTINGENCIES AND REGULATORY MATTERS
See Note 3 to the financial statements of the registrants in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for information relating to various lawsuits, other contingencies, and regulatory matters.
General Litigation Matters
Each registrant is subject to certain claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In addition, the business activities of Southern Company's subsidiaries are subject to extensive governmental regulation related to public health and the environment, such as regulation of air emissions and water discharges. Litigation over environmental issues and claims of various types, including property damage, personal injury, common law nuisance, and citizen enforcement of environmental requirements such as air quality and water standards, has occurred throughout the U.S. This litigation has included claims for damages alleged to have been caused by CO2 and other emissions, CCR, and alleged exposure to hazardous materials, and/or requests for injunctive relief in connection with such matters.
The ultimate outcome of such pending or potential litigation against each registrant and any subsidiaries cannot be predicted at this time; however, for current proceedings not specifically reported herein, management does not anticipate that the ultimate liabilities, if any, arising from such current proceedings would have a material effect on such registrant's financial statements.
On March 2, 2018, the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM) issued proposed administrative orders assessing a penalty of $1.25 million to Alabama Power for unpermitted discharge of fluids and/or pollutants to groundwater at five electric generating plants. The proposed orders also require the submission to the ADEM of a plan with a schedule for implementation of a comprehensive groundwater investigation, including an assessment of corrective measures, a report evaluating any deficiencies at the facilities that may have led to the unpermitted discharges, and quarterly progress reports. Alabama Power is awaiting finalization of the orders. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Southern Company
In January 2017, a purported securities class action complaint was filed against Southern Company, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, Atlanta Division, by Monroe County Employees' Retirement System on behalf of all persons who purchased shares of Southern Company's common stock between April 25, 2012 and October 29, 2013. The complaint alleges that Southern Company, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

made materially false and misleading statements regarding the Kemper County energy facility in violation of certain provisions under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The complaint seeks, among other things, compensatory damages and litigation costs and attorneys' fees. In June 2017, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint that provided additional detail about their claims, increased the purported class period by one day, and added certain other former Mississippi Power officers as defendants. In July 2017, the defendants filed a motion to dismiss the plaintiffs' amended complaint with prejudice, to which the plaintiffs filed an opposition in September 2017. On March 29, 2018, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, Atlanta Division, issued an order granting, in part, the defendants' motion to dismiss. The court dismissed certain claims against certain officers of Southern Company and Mississippi Power and dismissed the allegations related to a number of the statements that plaintiffs challenged as being false or misleading. On April 26, 2018, the defendants filed a motion for reconsideration of the court's order, seeking the dismissal of the remaining claims in the lawsuit.
In February 2017, Jean Vineyard filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit and, in May 2017, Judy Mesirov filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit, each in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia. Each of these lawsuits names as defendants Southern Company, certain of its directors, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers. In August 2017, these two shareholder derivative lawsuits were consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia and the court has deferred the consolidated case until after certain further action in the purported securities class action complaint discussed above. The complaints allege that the defendants caused Southern Company to make false or misleading statements regarding the Kemper County energy facility cost and schedule. Further, the complaints allege that the defendants were unjustly enriched and caused the waste of corporate assets and also allege that the individual defendants violated their fiduciary duties. Each plaintiff seeks to recover, on behalf of Southern Company, unspecified actual damages and, on each plaintiff's own behalf, attorneys' fees and costs in bringing the lawsuit. Each plaintiff also seeks certain changes to Southern Company's corporate governance and internal processes.
In May 2017, Helen E. Piper Survivor's Trust filed a shareholder derivative lawsuit in the Superior Court of Gwinnett County, State of Georgia that names as defendants Southern Company, certain of its directors, certain of its officers, and certain former Mississippi Power officers. The complaint alleges that the individual defendants, among other things, breached their fiduciary duties in connection with schedule delays and cost overruns associated with the construction of the Kemper County energy facility. The complaint further alleges that the individual defendants authorized or failed to correct false and misleading statements regarding the Kemper County energy facility schedule and cost and failed to implement necessary internal controls to prevent harm to Southern Company. The plaintiff seeks to recover, on behalf of Southern Company, unspecified actual damages and disgorgement of profits and, on its behalf, attorneys' fees and costs in bringing the lawsuit. The plaintiff also seeks certain unspecified changes to Southern Company's corporate governance and internal processes. The court has deferred the lawsuit until after certain further action in the purported securities class action complaint discussed above.
Southern Company believes these legal challenges have no merit; however, an adverse outcome in any of these proceedings could have an impact on Southern Company's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity. Southern Company will vigorously defend itself in these matters, the ultimate outcome of which cannot be determined at this time.
Georgia Power
In 2011, plaintiffs filed a putative class action against Georgia Power in the Superior Court of Fulton County, Georgia alleging that Georgia Power's collection in rates of municipal franchise fees (all of which are remitted to municipalities) exceeded the amounts allowed in orders of the Georgia PSC and alleging certain state tort law claims. In 2016, the Georgia Court of Appeals reversed the trial court's previous dismissal of the case and remanded the case to the trial court for further proceedings. Georgia Power filed a petition for writ of certiorari with the Georgia Supreme Court, which was granted in August 2017. A decision from the Georgia Supreme Court is expected in late 2018. Georgia Power believes the plaintiffs' claims have no merit and intends to vigorously defend itself in this matter. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Mississippi Power
In 2016, a complaint against Mississippi Power was filed in Harrison County Circuit Court (Circuit Court) by Biloxi Freezing & Processing Inc., Gulfside Casino Partnership, and John Carlton Dean, which was amended and refiled to include, among other things, Southern Company as a defendant. The individual plaintiff alleges that Mississippi Power and Southern Company violated the Mississippi Unfair Trade Practices Act. All plaintiffs have alleged that Mississippi Power and Southern Company concealed, falsely represented, and failed to fully disclose important facts concerning the cost and schedule of the Kemper County energy facility and that these alleged breaches have unjustly enriched Mississippi Power and Southern Company. The plaintiffs seek unspecified actual damages and punitive damages; ask the Circuit Court to appoint a receiver to oversee, operate, manage, and otherwise control all affairs relating to the Kemper County energy facility; ask the Circuit Court to revoke any licenses or certificates authorizing Mississippi Power or Southern Company to engage in any business related to the Kemper County energy facility in Mississippi; and seek attorney's fees, costs, and interest. The plaintiffs also seek an injunction to prevent any Kemper County energy facility costs from being charged to customers through electric rates. In June 2017, the Circuit Court ruled in favor of motions by Southern Company and Mississippi Power and dismissed the case. In July 2017, the plaintiffs filed notice of an appeal.
Southern Company and Mississippi Power believe this legal challenge has no merit; however, an adverse outcome in this proceeding could have a material impact on Southern Company's and Mississippi Power's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity. Southern Company and Mississippi Power will vigorously defend itself in this matter, the ultimate outcome of which cannot be determined at this time.
Southern Power
During 2015, Southern Power indirectly acquired a 51% membership interest in RE Roserock LLC (Roserock), the owner of the Roserock facility in Pecos County, Texas, which was under construction by Recurrent Energy, LLC and was subsequently placed in service in November 2016. Prior to placing the facility in service, certain solar panels were damaged during installation. While the facility currently is generating energy consistent with operational expectations and PPA obligations, Southern Power is pursuing remedies under its insurance policies and other contracts to repair or replace these solar panels. In connection therewith, Southern Power is withholding payments of approximately $26 million from the construction contractor, who has placed a lien on the Roserock facility for the same amount. The amounts withheld are included in other accounts and notes payable and other current liabilities on Southern Company's consolidated balance sheets and other accounts payable and other current liabilities on Southern Power's consolidated balance sheets. In May 2017, Roserock filed a lawsuit in the state district court in Pecos County, Texas, against XL Insurance America, Inc. (XL) and North American Elite Insurance Company (North American Elite) seeking recovery from an insurance policy for damages resulting from a hail storm and certain installation practices by the construction contractor, McCarthy Building Companies, Inc. (McCarthy). Also in May 2017, Roserock filed a separate lawsuit against McCarthy in the state district court in Travis County, Texas alleging breach of contract and breach of warranty for the damages sustained at the Roserock facility, which has since been moved to the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas. Additionally in May 2017, McCarthy filed a counter lawsuit against Roserock, Array Technologies, Inc., Canadian Solar (USA), Inc., XL, and North American Elite in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas alleging, among other things, breach of contract, and requesting foreclosure of mechanic's liens against Roserock. In July 2017, the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas consolidated the two pending lawsuits. In December 2017, the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas dismissed McCarthy's claims against Canadian Solar (USA), Inc. and dismissed cross-claims that XL and North American Elite had sought to bring against Roserock. Southern Power intends to vigorously pursue and defend these matters, the ultimate outcome of which cannot be determined at this time.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Environmental Matters
Environmental Remediation
The Southern Company system must comply with environmental laws and regulations governing the handling and disposal of waste and releases of hazardous substances. Under these various laws and regulations, the Southern Company system could incur substantial costs to clean up affected sites. The traditional electric operating companies and the natural gas distribution utilities in Illinois, New Jersey, Georgia, and Florida have all received authority from their respective state PSCs or other applicable state regulatory agencies to recover approved environmental compliance costs through regulatory mechanisms. These regulatory mechanisms are adjusted annually or as necessary within limits approved by the state PSCs or other applicable state regulatory agencies.
Georgia Power's environmental remediation liability was $22 million as of both March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Georgia Power has been designated or identified as a potentially responsible party at sites governed by the Georgia Hazardous Site Response Act and/or by the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, and assessment and potential cleanup of such sites is expected.
Gulf Power's environmental remediation liability includes estimated costs of environmental remediation projects of approximately $49 million and $52 million as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. These estimated costs primarily relate to site closure criteria by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) for potential impacts to soil and groundwater from herbicide applications at Gulf Power's substations. The schedule for completion of the remediation projects is subject to FDEP approval.
Southern Company Gas' environmental remediation liability was $369 million and $388 million as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively, based on the estimated cost of environmental investigation and remediation associated with known current and former manufactured gas plant operating sites. These environmental remediation expenditures are recoverable from customers through rate mechanisms approved by the applicable state regulatory agencies of the natural gas distribution utilities, with the exception of one site representing $2 million of the total accrued remediation costs.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time; however, as a result of the regulatory treatment for environmental remediation expenses described above, the final disposition of these matters is not expected to have a material impact on the financial statements of Southern Company, Georgia Power, Gulf Power, or Southern Company Gas.
FERC Matters
Market-Based Rate Authority
The traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power have authority from the FERC to sell electricity at market-based rates. Since 2008, that authority, for certain balancing authority areas, has been conditioned on compliance with the requirements of an energy auction, which the FERC found to be tailored mitigation that addresses potential market power concerns. In accordance with FERC regulations governing such authority, the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power filed a triennial market power analysis in 2014, which included continued reliance on the energy auction as tailored mitigation. In 2015, the FERC issued an order finding that the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's existing tailored mitigation may not effectively mitigate the potential to exert market power in certain areas served by the traditional electric operating companies and in some adjacent areas. The FERC directed the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power to show why market-based rate authority should not be revoked in these areas or to provide a mitigation plan to further address market power concerns. The traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power filed a request for rehearing and filed their response with the FERC in 2015.
In 2016, the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power filed an amendment to their market-based rate tariff that proposed certain changes to the energy auction, as well as several non-tariff changes. In February 2017, the FERC issued an order accepting all such changes subject to an additional condition of cost-based price caps for certain sales outside of the energy auction, finding that all of these changes would provide adequate

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

alternative mitigation for the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's potential to exert market power in certain areas served by the traditional electric operating companies and in some adjacent areas. In May 2017, the FERC accepted the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's compliance filing accepting the terms of the order. While the FERC's February 2017 order references the market power proceeding discussed above, it remains a separate, ongoing matter.
In October 2017, the FERC issued an order in response to the traditional electric operating companies' and Southern Power's June 29, 2017 triennial updated market power analysis. The FERC directed the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power to show cause within 60 days why market-based rate authority should not be revoked in certain areas adjacent to the area presently under mitigation in accordance with the February 2017 order or to provide a mitigation plan to further address market power concerns. In November 2017, the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power responded to the FERC and proposed to resolve matters by applying the alternative mitigation authorized by the February 2017 order to the adjacent areas made the subject of the October 2017 order.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Cooperative Energy Power Supply Agreement
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "FERC Matters – Cooperative Energy Power Supply Agreement" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Cooperative Energy's network integration transmission service agreement (NITSA) with SCS.
On March 23, 2018, the FERC accepted the amendment to the NITSA between Cooperative Energy and SCS, effective April 1, 2018.
Regulatory Matters
Alabama Power
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Alabama Power under "Regulatory Matters Alabama Power" and "Retail Regulatory Matters," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Alabama Power's recovery of retail costs through various regulatory clauses and accounting orders. The balance of each regulatory clause recovery on the balance sheet follows:
Regulatory ClauseBalance Sheet Line ItemMarch 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
  (in millions)
Rate CNP ComplianceDeferred under recovered regulatory clause revenues$15
$17
Rate CNP PPADeferred under recovered regulatory clause revenues8
12
Retail Energy Cost RecoveryDeferred under recovered regulatory clause revenues78
25
Natural Disaster ReserveOther regulatory liabilities, deferred38
38
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved modifications to Rate RSE and other commitments designed to position Alabama Power to address the growing pressure on its credit quality resulting from the Tax Reform Legislation, without increasing retail rates under Rate RSE in the near term. Alabama Power plans to reduce growth in total debt by increasing equity, with corresponding reductions in debt issuances, thereby de-leveraging its capital structure. Alabama Power's goal is to achieve an equity ratio of approximately 55% by the end of 2025.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Rate RSE
The approved modifications to Rate RSE are effective June 2018 and applicable for January 2019 billings and thereafter. The modifications include reducing the top of the allowed weighted common equity return (WCER) range from 6.21% to 6.15% and modifications to the refund mechanism applicable to prior year actual results. The modifications to the refund mechanism allow Alabama Power to retain a portion of the revenue that causes the actual WCER for a given year to exceed the allowed range.
Generally, if Alabama Power's actual WCER range is between 6.15% and 7.65%, customers will receive 25% of the amount between 6.15% and 6.65%, 40% of the amount between 6.65% and 7.15%, and 75% of the amount between 7.15% and 7.65%. Customers will receive all amounts in excess of an actual WCER of 7.65%.
In conjunction with these modifications to Rate RSE, Alabama Power committed to a moratorium on any upward adjustments under Rate RSE for 2019 and 2020. Additionally, Alabama Power will return $50 million to customers through bill credits in 2019. Alabama Power typically has three to five business days to indicate its acceptance of the Alabama PSC's actions following issuance of the related Alabama PSC order. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
In accordance with an established retail tariff that provides for an interim adjustment to customer billings to recognize the impact of a change in the statutory income tax rate, Alabama Power will also return approximately $257 million to retail customers through bill credits in the second half of 2018 as a result of the change in the federal income tax rate under the Tax Reform Legislation.
Rate ECR
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved an increase to Rate ECR from 2.015 cents per KWH to 2.353 cents per KWH effective July 2018 which is expected to result in additional collections of approximately $100 million through December 31, 2018. The approved increase in the Rate ECR factor will have no significant effect on Alabama Power's net income, but will increase operating cash flows related to fuel cost recovery in 2018. The rate will return to 5.910 cents per KWH in 2019, absent a further order from the Alabama PSC. Alabama Power typically has three to five business days to indicate its acceptance of the Alabama PSC's actions following issuance of the related Alabama PSC order. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Accounting Order
On May 1, 2018, the Alabama PSC approved an accounting order that authorizes Alabama Power to defer the benefits of federal excess deferred income taxes associated with the Tax Reform Legislation for the year ending December 31, 2018 as a regulatory liability. Up to $30 million of such deferrals may be used to offset under-recovered amounts under Rate ECR, with any remaining amounts to be used for the benefit of customers as determined by the Alabama PSC. Alabama Power expects the benefits deferred to total approximately $30 million to $50 million. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time. See Note 5 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Alabama Power under "Federal Tax Reform Legislation" and of Alabama Power under "Current and Deferred Income Taxes" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Georgia Power
Georgia Power's revenues from regulated retail operations are collected through various rate mechanisms subject to the oversight of the Georgia PSC. Georgia Power currently recovers its costs from the regulated retail business through the 2013 ARP, which includes traditional base tariff rates, Demand-Side Management tariffs, Environmental Compliance Cost Recovery tariffs, and Municipal Franchise Fee tariffs. In addition, financing costs related to certified construction costs of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are being collected through the NCCR tariff and fuel costs are collected through a separate fuel cost recovery tariff. See "Nuclear Construction" herein and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Nuclear Construction" and Georgia Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Nuclear Construction" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding the NCCR tariff. Also see "Fuel Cost Recovery" herein and Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Fuel Cost Recovery" and Georgia Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Fuel Cost Recovery" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding fuel cost recovery.
Rate Plans
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Georgia Power under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Rate Plans" and "Retail Regulatory Matters – Rate Plans," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Georgia Power's 2013 ARP and the Georgia PSC's 2018 order related to the Tax Reform Legislation.
On April 3, 2018, the Georgia PSC approved a settlement agreement between Georgia Power and the staff of the Georgia PSC regarding the retail rate impact of the Tax Reform Legislation (Georgia Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement). Pursuant to the Georgia Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, to reflect the federal income tax rate reduction impact of the Tax Reform Legislation, Georgia Power will refund to customers a total of $330 million through bill credits of $131 million in October 2018, $96 million in June 2019, and $103 million in February 2020. In addition, Georgia Power is deferring as a regulatory liability (i) the revenue equivalent of the tax expense reduction resulting from legislation lowering the Georgia state income tax rate from 6.00% to 5.75% in 2019 and (ii) the entire benefit of approximately $700 million in federal and state excess accumulated deferred income taxes. The amortization of these regulatory liabilities is expected to be addressed in Georgia Power's next base rate case, which is scheduled to be filed by July 1, 2019. If there is not a base rate case in 2019, customers will receive $185 million in annual bill credits beginning in 2020, with any additional federal and state income tax savings deferred as a regulatory liability, until Georgia Power's next base rate case.
To address the negative cash flow and credit metric impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation, the Georgia PSC also approved an increase in Georgia Power's retail equity ratio to the lower of (i) Georgia Power's actual common equity weight in its capital structure or (ii) 55%, until Georgia Power's next base rate case. Benefits from reduced federal income tax rates in excess of the amounts refunded to customers will be retained by Georgia Power to cover the carrying costs of the incremental equity in 2018 and 2019.
Fuel Cost Recovery
As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, Georgia Power's under recovered fuel balance totaled $156 million and $165 million, respectively, and is included in current assets on Southern Company's and Georgia Power's condensed balance sheets. The Georgia PSC will review Georgia Power's cumulative over or under recovered fuel balance no later than September 1, 2018 and evaluate the need to file a fuel case. Georgia Power continues to be allowed to adjust its fuel cost recovery rates under an interim fuel rider prior to the next fuel case if the under or over recovered fuel balance exceeds $200 million.
Fuel cost recovery revenues are adjusted for differences in actual recoverable fuel costs and amounts billed in current regulated rates. Accordingly, changes in the billing factor will not have a significant effect on Southern Company's or Georgia Power's revenues or net income, but will affect cash flow.
Gulf Power
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Gulf Power's rates and charges for service to retail customers.
Retail Base Rate Case
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Gulf Power under "Regulatory Matters – Gulf Power – Retail Base Rate Cases" and "Retail Regulatory Matters – Retail Base Rate Cases," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
As a continuation of a settlement agreement approved by the Florida PSC in April 2017 (2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement), on March 26, 2018, the Florida PSC approved a stipulation and settlement agreement

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

among Gulf Power and three intervenors addressing the retail revenue requirement effects of the Tax Reform Legislation (Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement).
The Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement results in annual reductions to Gulf Power's revenues of $18.2 million from base rates and $15.6 million from environmental cost recovery rates, implemented April 1, 2018, and also provides for a one-time refund of $69.4 million for the retail portion of unprotected (not subject to normalization) deferred tax liabilities through Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery rate over the remainder of 2018. As a result of the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, the Florida PSC also approved an increase in Gulf Power's maximum equity ratio from 52.5% to 53.5% for all retail regulatory purposes.
As part of the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, a limited scope proceeding to address protected deferred tax liabilities consistent with IRS normalization principles was initiated on April 30, 2018. Pending resolution of this proceeding, Gulf Power is deferring the related amounts for 2018 as a regulatory liability. Unless otherwise agreed to by the parties to the Gulf Power Tax Reform Settlement Agreement, amounts recorded in this regulatory liability will be refunded to retail customers in 2019 through Gulf Power's fuel cost recovery rates. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Cost Recovery Clauses
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Gulf Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters – Cost Recovery Clauses" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Gulf Power's recovery of retail costs through various regulatory clauses and accounting orders, as approved by the Florida PSC. Regulatory clause recovery balances included in the balance sheets are as follows:
Regulatory ClauseBalance Sheet Line ItemMarch 31,
2018
December 31,
2017
  (in millions)
Fuel Cost RecoveryUnder recovered regulatory clause revenues$4
$22
Purchased Power Capacity RecoveryUnder recovered regulatory clause revenues4
2
Environmental Cost Recovery(*)
Under recovered regulatory clause revenues2
2
(*)At March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the under recovered balance included in the balance sheets represents the current portion of the regulatory assets associated with projected environmental expenditures of approximately $12 million and $13 million, respectively, partially offset by the over recovered environmental cost recovery balance of approximately $10 million and $11 million, respectively.
Mississippi Power
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
On April 10, 2018, the Mississippi PSC stated its intent to begin an operations review process for investor-owned utilities in Mississippi and instructed its legal staff and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff to prepare an order and request for proposals for a review of Mississippi Power. Mississippi Power expects that the review will include its cost recovery framework and an analysis of potential participation in a regional transmission organization. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Performance Evaluation Plan
In 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017, Mississippi Power submitted its annual PEP lookback filings for the prior years, which for 2013 and 2014 each indicated no surcharge or refund and for each of 2015 and 2016 indicated a $5 million surcharge. Additionally, in July 2016, in November 2016, and on November 15, 2017, Mississippi Power submitted its annual projected PEP filings for 2016, 2017, and 2018, respectively, which for 2016 and 2017

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

indicated no change in rates and for 2018 indicated a rate increase of 4%, or $38 million in annual revenues. The Mississippi PSC suspended each of these filings to allow more time for review.
On February 7, 2018, Mississippi Power revised its annual projected PEP filing for 2018 to reflect the impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. The revised filing requests an increase of $26 million in annual revenues, based on a performance adjusted ROE of 9.33% and an increased equity ratio of 55%. The Mississippi PSC is expected to rule on this request in mid-2018.
On March 22, 2018, Mississippi Power submitted its annual PEP lookback filing for 2017, which reflected no surcharge or refund.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Environmental Compliance Overview Plan
On February 14, 2018, Mississippi Power submitted its ECO Plan filing for 2018, including the effects of the Tax Reform Legislation, which requested the maximum 2% annual increase in revenues, or approximately $17 million, primarily related to the carryforward from the prior year. Approximately $13 million of related revenue requirements in excess of the 2% maximum, along with related carrying costs, remains deferred for inclusion in the 2019 filing. The Mississippi PSC is expected to rule on this request in mid-2018. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Fuel Cost Recovery
At March 31, 2018, the amount of over-recovered retail fuel costs included in other regulatory liabilities, current on the condensed balance sheet was approximately $3 million compared to an approximately $6 million under-recovered balance in other accounts and notes receivable at December 31, 2017.
Ad Valorem Tax Adjustment
On March 23, 2018, Mississippi Power submitted its annual ad valorem tax adjustment factor filing for 2018, which included an annual rate increase of 0.8%, or $7 million in annual retail revenues, primarily due to increased assessments. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Southern Company Gas
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Southern Company Gas under "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas" and "Regulatory Matters," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Southern Company Gas' regulatory matters.
Riders
On April 19, 2018, the Illinois Commission approved Nicor Gas' variable income tax adjustment rider. This rider provides for refund or recovery of changes in income tax expense that result from income tax rates that differ from those used in Nicor Gas' last rate case. Customer refunds related to the 2018 impacts are expected to begin in July 2018.
Natural Gas Cost Recovery
Southern Company Gas has established natural gas cost recovery rates approved by the relevant state regulatory agencies in the states in which it serves. Natural gas cost recovery revenues are adjusted for differences in actual recoverable natural gas costs and amounts billed in current regulated rates. Changes in the billing factor will not have a significant effect on Southern Company's or Southern Company Gas' revenues or net income, but will affect cash flows.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Base Rate Cases
Settled Base Rate Case
In October 2017, Florida City Gas filed a general base rate case with the Florida PSC requesting an annual revenue increase of $19 million, which included an interim rate increase of $5 million annually that was approved and became effective January 12, 2018, subject to refund. On March 26, 2018, the Florida PSC approved a settlement that, after including the impact of the Tax Reform Legislation, provides for an $11.5 million increase in annual base rate revenues, effective June 1, 2018, based on a ROE of 10.19%. Under the terms of the settlement, Florida City Gas agreed not to file a new base rate case with an effective date prior to June 1, 2022 and will receive full recovery of the costs related to its LNG facility to be constructed through additional increases in annual base rate revenues of $2.5 million on June 1, 2019 or the in-service date, whichever is later, and $1.3 million on December 1, 2019. If the facility is placed in service after December 1, 2019, the entire additional $3.8 million increase will take effect upon the in-service date of the LNG facility.
Pending Base Rate Cases
On February 15, 2018, Chattanooga Gas filed a general base rate case with the Tennessee Public Utility Commission (PUC) requesting a $7 million increase in annual base rate revenues. The requested increase, which, in accordance with a Tennessee PUC order, incorporated the effects of the Tax Reform Legislation, was based on a projected test year ending June 30, 2019 and a ROE of 11.25%. The Tennessee PUC is expected to rule on the requested increase in the third quarter 2018.
In December 2017, Atlanta Gas Light filed its 2018 annual rate adjustment with the Georgia PSC, which, if approved, would have increased annual base rate revenues by $22 million, effective June 1, 2018. On February 23, 2018, Atlanta Gas Light revised its filing to reflect the impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. The revised request replaced the $22 million rate increase with a $16 million rate reduction for customers in 2018. The revised request maintains the previously authorized earnings band based on a return on equity between 10.55% and 10.95% and proposes to increase the equity ratio by 3% to an equity ratio of 54% to address the negative cash flow and credit metric impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation. Atlanta Gas Light also notified the Georgia PSC that it intends to seek a further equity ratio increase of 2% to an equity ratio of 56% in its 2019 filing. The Georgia PSC is expected to rule on the revised request in the second quarter 2018.
In accordance with an Illinois Commission order and pursuant to its rehearing request, on April 13, 2018, Nicor Gas filed for revised base rates with the Illinois Commission, which would result in a decrease of approximately $44 million in annual base rate revenues effective in the second quarter 2018 to incorporate the reduction in the federal income tax rate as a result of the Tax Reform Legislation. Nicor Gas' previously-authorized capital structure and ROE of 9.8% were not addressed in the rehearing and remain unchanged. The Illinois Commission is expected to rule on the request on May 2, 2018.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Other
The New Jersey BPU, Maryland PSC, and Virginia Commission each issued an order effective January 1, 2018 that requires utilities in their respective states to defer as a regulatory liability the impact of the Tax Reform Legislation, including the reduction in the corporate income tax rate to 21% and the impact of excess deferred income taxes. On March 26, 2018, the New Jersey BPU approved an $11 million reduction in Elizabethtown Gas' annual base rate revenues effective April 1, 2018 on an interim basis, subject to refund, pending final approval. On March 28, 2018, the Maryland PSC approved a $0.1 million reduction in Elkton Gas' annual base rate revenues effective April 1, 2018. Credits will be issued to customers in New Jersey and Maryland later in 2018 for the impact of the Tax Reform Legislation on the January 2018 through March 2018 billing periods. On April 25, 2018, the Virginia Commission issued an order indicating that any proposal beyond a proposed base rate reduction to reflect the cost savings from the Tax Reform Legislation must be made through a general base rate case. Virginia Natural Gas expects to finalize its strategy to address the impacts of the Tax Reform Legislation on or before July 1, 2018.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Regulatory Infrastructure Programs
Southern Company Gas is engaged in various infrastructure programs that update or expand its gas distribution systems to improve reliability and ensure the safety of its utility infrastructure, and recovers in rates its investment and a return associated with these infrastructure programs. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Southern Company Gas under "Regulatory Matters – Southern Company Gas – Regulatory Infrastructure Programs" and "Regulatory Matters – Regulatory Infrastructure Programs," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Nicor Gas
Nuclear Construction
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Georgia Power under "Nuclear Construction" and "Retail Regulatory Matters – Nuclear Construction," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Georgia Power's construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, VCM reports, and the NCCR tariff.
Project Status
In 2014,2009, the Illinois CommissionGeorgia PSC certified construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. In 2012, the NRC issued the related combined construction and operating licenses, which allowed full construction of the two AP1000 nuclear units (with electric generating capacity of approximately 1,100 MWs each) and related facilities to begin. Until March 2017, construction on Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 continued under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, which was a substantially fixed price agreement. In March 2017, the EPC Contractor filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code.
In connection with the EPC Contractor's bankruptcy filing, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, entered into the Interim Assessment Agreement with the EPC Contractor to allow construction to continue. The Interim Assessment Agreement expired in July 2017 when the Vogtle Services Agreement became effective. In August 2017, following completion of comprehensive cost to complete and cancellation cost assessments, Georgia Power filed its seventeenth VCM report with the Georgia PSC, which included a recommendation to continue construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, with Southern Nuclear serving as project manager and Bechtel serving as the primary construction contractor. In December 2017, the Georgia PSC approved Nicor Gas' nine-yearGeorgia Power's recommendation to continue construction.
Georgia Power expects Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 to be placed in service by November 2021 and November 2022, respectively. Georgia Power's capital cost forecast for its 45.7% proportionate share of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 is $8.8 billion ($7.3 billion after reflecting $1.7 billion received from Toshiba in 2017 under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement and $188 million in Customer Refunds recognized as a regulatory infrastructure program, Investingliability in Illinois. Under this program, Nicor Gas placed2017). Georgia Power's CWIP balance for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 was $3.6 billion at March 31, 2018, which is net of the Guarantee Settlement Agreement payments less the Customer Refunds. Georgia Power estimates that its financing costs for construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 will total approximately $3.1 billion, of which $1.6 billion had been incurred through March 31, 2018.
Vogtle 3 and 4 Contracts
Effective in July 2017, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the other Vogtle Owners, and the EPC Contractor entered into service $75 millionthe Vogtle Services Agreement, whereby Westinghouse will provide facility design and engineering services, procurement and technical support, and staff augmentation on a time and materials cost basis. The Vogtle Services Agreement will continue until the start-up and testing of qualifying assets duringPlant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are complete and electricity is generated and sold from both units. The Vogtle Services Agreement is terminable by the first six months of 2017.Vogtle Owners upon 30 days' written notice.
Atlanta Gas Light
Atlanta Gas Light's STRIDE program, which started in 2009, consists of three individual programs that updateIn October 2017, Georgia Power, acting for itself and expand gas distribution systems and liquefied natural gas facilities as wellagent for the other Vogtle Owners, entered into a construction completion agreement with Bechtel, whereby Bechtel will serve as improve system reliability to meet operational flexibility and customer growth. Through the programs under STRIDE, Atlanta Gas Light invested $94 million duringprimary contractor for the first six months of 2017.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

remaining construction activities for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 (Bechtel Agreement). The Bechtel Agreement is a cost reimbursable plus fee arrangement, whereby Bechtel is reimbursed for actual costs plus a base fee and an at-risk fee, which is subject to adjustment based on Bechtel's performance against cost and schedule targets. Each Vogtle Owner is severally (not jointly) liable for its proportionate share, based on its ownership interest, of all amounts owed to Bechtel under the Bechtel Agreement. The Vogtle Owners may terminate the Bechtel Agreement at any time for their convenience, provided that the Vogtle Owners will be required to pay amounts related to work performed prior to the termination (including the applicable portion of the base fee), certain termination-related costs, and, at certain stages of the work, the applicable portion of the at-risk fee. Bechtel may terminate the Bechtel Agreement under certain circumstances, including certain Vogtle Owner suspensions of work, certain breaches of the Bechtel Agreement by the Vogtle Owners, Vogtle Owner insolvency, and certain other events. Pursuant to the Loan Guarantee Agreement between Georgia Power and the DOE, Georgia Power is required to obtain the DOE's approval of the Bechtel Agreement prior to obtaining any further advances under the Loan Guarantee Agreement.
In August 2016, Atlanta Gas Light filedNovember 2017, the Vogtle Owners entered into an amendment to their joint ownership agreements for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 (as amended, Vogtle Joint Ownership Agreements) to provide for, among other conditions, additional Vogtle Owner approval requirements. Pursuant to the Vogtle Joint Ownership Agreements, the holders of at least 90% of the ownership interests in Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 must vote to continue construction if certain adverse events occur, including (i) the bankruptcy of Toshiba; (ii) termination or rejection in bankruptcy of certain agreements, including the Vogtle Services Agreement or the Bechtel Agreement; (iii) the Georgia PSC or Georgia Power determines that any of Georgia Power's costs relating to the construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 will not be recovered in retail rates because such costs are deemed unreasonable or imprudent; or (iv) an increase in the construction budget contained in the seventeenth VCM report of more than $1 billion or extension of the project schedule contained in the seventeenth VCM report of more than one year. In addition, pursuant to the Vogtle Joint Ownership Agreements, the required approval of holders of ownership interests in Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 is at least (i) 90% for a petitionchange of the primary construction contractor and (ii) 67% for material amendments to the Vogtle Services Agreement or agreements with Southern Nuclear or the primary construction contractor, including the Bechtel Agreement. The Vogtle Joint Ownership Agreements also confirm that the Vogtle Owners' sole recourse against Georgia Power or Southern Nuclear for any action or inaction in connection with their performance as agent for the Vogtle Owners is limited to removal of Georgia Power and/or Southern Nuclear as agent, except in cases of willful misconduct.
Regulatory Matters
In 2009, the Georgia PSC voted to certify construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 with a certified capital cost of $4.418 billion. In addition, in 2009 the Georgia PSC approved inclusion of the Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 related CWIP accounts in rate base, and the State of Georgia enacted the Georgia Nuclear Energy Financing Act, which allows Georgia Power to recover financing costs for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Financing costs are recovered on all applicable certified costs through annual adjustments to the NCCR tariff up to the certified capital cost of $4.418 billion. As of March 31, 2018, Georgia Power had recovered approximately $1.6 billion of financing costs. On March 20, 2018, the Georgia PSC approved a decrease to the NCCR tariff of approximately $50 million, effective April 1, 2018.
Georgia Power is required to file semi-annual VCM reports with the Georgia PSC for approval of a four-year extension of its Integrated System Reinforcement Program (i-SRP) seeking approval to invest an additional $177 million to improveby February 28 and upgrade its core gas distribution systemAugust 31 each year. In 2013, in years 2017 through 2020.
The recovery of and return on current and future capital investments under the STRIDE program will be included in the annual base rate revenue adjustment under GRAM rather than a separate surcharge. The proposed capital investments associatedconnection with the extensioneighth VCM report, the Georgia PSC approved a stipulation between Georgia Power and the staff of i-SRP were includedthe Georgia PSC to waive the requirement to amend the Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 certificate in accordance with the 2017 annual base rate revenue under GRAM that was approved2009 certification order until the completion of Plant Vogtle Unit 3, or earlier if deemed appropriate by the Georgia PSC and Georgia Power.
In 2016, the Georgia PSC voted to approve a settlement agreement (Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement) resolving certain prudency matters in connection with the fifteenth VCM report. In December 2017, the Georgia PSC voted to approve (and issued its related order on January 11, 2018) certain recommendations made by Georgia Power in the seventeenth VCM report and modifying the Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement. The Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement, as modified by the January 11, 2018 order, resolved the following regulatory matters related to Plant

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Vogtle Units 3 and 4: (i) none of the $3.3 billion of costs incurred through December 31, 2015 and reflected in the fourteenth VCM report should be disallowed from rate base on the basis of imprudence; (ii) the Contractor Settlement Agreement was reasonable and prudent and none of the amounts paid pursuant to the Contractor Settlement Agreement should be disallowed from rate base on the basis of imprudence; (iii) (a) capital costs incurred up to $5.68 billion would be presumed to be reasonable and prudent with the burden of proof on any party challenging such costs, (b) Georgia Power would have the burden to show that any capital costs above $5.68 billion were prudent, and (c) a revised capital cost forecast of $7.3 billion (after reflecting the impact of payments received under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement and Customer Refunds) was found reasonable; (iv) construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 should be completed, with Southern Nuclear serving as project manager and Bechtel as primary contractor; (v) approved and deemed reasonable Georgia Power's revised schedule placing Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 in service in November 2021 and November 2022, respectively; (vi) confirmed that the revised cost forecast does not represent a cost cap and that prudence decisions on cost recovery will be made at a later date, consistent with applicable Georgia law; (vii) reduced the ROE used to calculate the NCCR tariff (a) from 10.95% (the ROE rate setting point authorized by the Georgia PSC in the 2013 ARP) to 10.00% effective January 1, 2016, (b) from 10.00% to 8.30%, effective January 1, 2020, and (c) from 8.30% to 5.30%, effective January 1, 2021 (provided that the ROE in no case will be less than Georgia Power's average cost of long-term debt); (viii) reduced the ROE used for AFUDC equity for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 from 10.00% to Georgia Power's average cost of long-term debt, effective January 1, 2018; and (ix) agreed that upon Unit 3 reaching commercial operation, retail base rates would be adjusted to include carrying costs on those capital costs deemed prudent in the Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement. The January 11, 2018 order also stated that if Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are not commercially operational by June 1, 2021 and June 1, 2022, respectively, the ROE used to calculate the NCCR tariff will be further reduced by 10 basis points each month (but not lower than Georgia Power's average cost of long-term debt) until the respective unit is commercially operational. The ROE reductions negatively impacted earnings by approximately $25 million in 2017 and are estimated to have negative earnings impacts of approximately $100 million in 2018 and an aggregate of $585 million from 2019 to 2022. In its January 11, 2018 order, the Georgia PSC stated if other certain conditions and assumptions upon which Georgia Power's seventeenth VCM report are based do not materialize, both Georgia Power and the Georgia PSC reserve the right to reconsider the decision to continue construction.
On February 12, 2018, Georgia Interfaith Power & Light, Inc. and Partnership for Southern Equity, Inc. filed a petition appealing the Georgia PSC's January 11, 2018 order with the Fulton County Superior Court. On March 8, 2018, Georgia Watch filed a similar appeal to the Fulton County Superior Court for judicial review of the Georgia PSC's final decision and denial of Georgia Watch's motion for reconsideration. Georgia Power believes the two appeals have no merit; however, an adverse outcome in either appeal could have a material impact on Southern Company's and Georgia Power's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity.
The IRS has allocated PTCs to each of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. The nominal value of Georgia Power's portion of the PTCs is approximately $500 million per unit.
The Georgia PSC has approved seventeen VCM reports covering the periods through June 30, 2017, including total construction capital costs incurred through that date of $4.4 billion. Georgia Power filed its eighteenth VCM report on February 21,28, 2018 requesting approval of $448 million of construction capital costs (excluding the $1.7 billion received from Toshiba under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement and the $188 million in Customer Refunds recognized as a regulatory liability) incurred from July 1, 2017 through December 31, 2017.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Cost and Schedule
Georgia Power's approximate proportionate share of the remaining estimated capital cost to complete Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 with in-service dates of November 2021 and November 2022, respectively, is as follows:
 (in billions)
Project capital cost forecast$7.3
Net investment as of March 31, 2018(3.7)
Remaining estimate to complete$3.6
Note: Excludes financing costs capitalized through AFUDC and is net of $1.7 billion received from Toshiba in 2017 under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement and $188 million in Customer Refunds recognized as a regulatory liability in 2017.
Georgia Power estimates that its financing costs for construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 will total approximately $3.1 billion, of which $1.6 billion had been incurred through March 31, 2018.
Subsequent to the EPC Contractor bankruptcy filing, a number of subcontractors to the EPC Contractor alleged non-payment by the EPC Contractor for amounts owed for work performed on Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, has taken actions to remove liens filed by these subcontractors through the posting of surety bonds. Related to such liens, certain subcontractors have filed, and additional subcontractors may file, lawsuits against the EPC Contractor and the Vogtle Owners to preserve their payment rights with respect to such claims. All amounts associated with the removal of subcontractor liens and other EPC Contractor pre-petition accounts payable have been paid or accrued as of March 31, 2018.
As construction continues, challenges with management of contractors, subcontractors, and vendors, labor productivity and availability, fabrication, delivery, assembly, and installation of plant systems, structures, and components (some of which are based on new technology and have not yet operated in the global nuclear industry at this scale), or other issues could arise and change the projected schedule and estimated cost.
There have been technical and procedural challenges to the construction and licensing of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 at the federal and state level and additional challenges may arise. Processes are in place that are designed to assure compliance with the requirements specified in the Westinghouse Design Control Document and the combined construction and operating licenses, including inspections by Southern Nuclear and the NRC that occur throughout construction. As a result of such compliance processes, certain license amendment requests have been filed and approved or are pending before the NRC. Various design and other licensing-based compliance matters, including the timely resolution of Inspections, Tests, Analyses, and Acceptance Criteria and the related approvals by the NRC, may arise, which may result in additional license amendments or require other resolution. If any license amendment requests or other licensing-based compliance issues are not resolved in a timely manner, there may be delays in the project schedule that could result in increased costs.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
DOE Financing
As of March 31, 2018, Georgia Power had borrowed $2.6 billion related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 costs through the Loan Guarantee Agreement and a multi-advance credit facility among Georgia Power, the DOE, and the FFB, which provides for borrowings of up to $3.46 billion, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions. In September 2017, the DOE issued a conditional commitment to Georgia Power for up to approximately $1.67 billion in additional guaranteed loans under the Loan Guarantee Agreement. This conditional commitment expires on June 30, 2018, subject to any further extension approved by the DOE. Final approval and issuance of these additional loan guarantees by the DOE cannot be assured and are subject to the negotiation of definitive agreements, completion of due diligence by the DOE, receipt of any necessary regulatory approvals, and satisfaction of other conditions. See "Base Rate Cases" hereinNote 6 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Georgia Power under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.information, including applicable covenants, events of default, mandatory prepayment events, and conditions to borrowing.
Elizabethtown Gas
In 2013, the New Jersey BPU approved the extension of Elizabethtown Gas' Aging Infrastructure Replacement program, under which Elizabethtown Gas invested $12 million during the first six months of 2017.NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
Virginia Natural Gas(UNAUDITED)
In March 2016, the Virginia Commission approved an extension to the SAVE program, under which Virginia Natural Gas invested $14 million during the first six months of 2017.
Florida City Gas
The Florida PSC approved Florida City Gas' Safety, Access, and Facility Enhancement program in 2015. Under the program, Florida City Gas invested $7 million during the first six monthsultimate outcome of 2017.these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Integrated Coal Gasification Combined CycleKemper County Energy Facility
SeeFor additional information on the Kemper County energy facility, see Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Mississippi Power under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle""Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for information regarding Mississippi Power's construction of10-K.
As the Kemper IGCC.
Kemper IGCC Overview
The Kemper IGCC was designed to utilize IGCC technology with an expected output capacity of 582 MWs and to be fueled by locally mined lignite (an abundant, lower heating value coal) from a mine owned by Mississippi Power and situated adjacent to the Kemper IGCC. The mine, operated by North American Coal Corporation, started commercial operation in 2013. In connection with the Kemper IGCC, Mississippi Power constructed approximately 61 miles of CO2 pipeline infrastructure for the transport of captured CO2 for use in enhanced oil recovery.
Kemper IGCC Schedule and Cost Estimate
In 2012, the Mississippi PSC issued the 2012 MPSC CPCN Order, a detailed order confirming the CPCN originally approved by the Mississippi PSC in 2010 authorizing the acquisition, construction, and operation of the Kemper IGCC. The certificated cost estimate of the Kemper IGCC included in the 2012 MPSC CPCN Order was $2.4 billion, net of $245 million of grants awarded to the Kemper IGCC project by the DOE under the Clean Coal Power Initiative Round 2 (Initial DOE Grants) and excluding the cost of the lignite mine and equipment, the cost of the CO2 pipeline facilities, and AFUDC related to the Kemper IGCC. The 2012 MPSC CPCN Order approved a construction cost cap of up to $2.88 billion, with recovery of prudently-incurred costs subject to approval by the Mississippi PSC. The Kemper IGCC was originally projected to be placed in service in May 2014. Mississippi Power placed the combined cycle and the associated common facilities portion of the Kemper IGCC in service in August 2014. The remainder of the plant includes the gasifiers and the gas clean-up facilities. The initial production of syngas began on July 14, 2016 for gasifier "B" and on September 13, 2016 for gasifier "A." Mississippi Power achieved integrated operation of both gasifiers on January 29, 2017, including the production of electricity from syngas in both combustion turbines. During testing, the plant produced and captured CO2, and produced sulfuric acid and ammonia, each of acceptable quality under the related off-take agreements. However, Mississippi Power experienced numerous challenges during the extended start-up process to achieve integrated operation of the

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

gasifiers on a sustained basis. Most recently, in May 2017, after achieving these milestones, Mississippi Power determined that a critical system component, the syngas coolers, would need replacement sooner than originally planned, which would require significant lead time and significant cost. In addition, the long-term natural gas price forecast has decreased significantly and the estimated cost of operating and maintaining the facility during the first five full years of operations increased significantly since certification.
On June 21, 2017, the Mississippi PSC stated its intent to issue an order (which occurred on July 6, 2017) directing Mississippi Power to pursue a settlement under which the Kemper County energy facility would be operated as a natural gas plant, rather than an IGCC plant, and address all issues associated with the Kemper IGCC (Kemper Settlement Order). On June 28, 2017, Mississippi Power notified the Mississippi PSC that it would begin a process to suspend operations and start-up activities on the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC, given the uncertainty as to the future of the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC. Mississippi Power expects to continue to operate the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC as it has done since August 2014.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Mississippi Power's Kemper IGCC 2010 project estimate, cost estimate at the time of project suspension (which includes the impacts of the Mississippi Supreme Court's (Court) decision discussed herein under "Rate Recovery of Kemper IGCC Costs – 2013 MPSC Rate Order"), and actual costs incurred as of June 30, 2017, all of which include 100% of the costs for the Kemper IGCC, are as follows:
Cost Category
2010 Project Estimate(a)
 
Cost Estimate
at
Suspension(b)
 
June 30, 2017
Actual Costs
 (in billions)
Plant Subject to Cost Cap(c)(e)
$2.40
 $5.95
 $5.68
Lignite Mine and Equipment0.21
 0.23
 0.23
CO2 Pipeline Facilities
0.14
 0.11
 0.11
AFUDC(d)
0.17
 0.85
 0.85
Combined Cycle and Related Assets Placed in
Service – Incremental
(e)

 0.05
 0.05
General Exceptions0.05
 0.10
 0.08
Deferred Costs(e)

 0.23
 0.23
Additional DOE Grants(f)

 (0.14) (0.14)
Total Kemper IGCC$2.97
 $7.38
 $7.09
(a)
Represents the certificated cost estimate adjusted to include the certificated estimate for the CO2 pipeline facilities approved in 2011 by the Mississippi PSC, as well as the lignite mine and equipment, AFUDC, and general exceptions.
(b)Represents actual costs through June 30, 2017 and projected costs at the time of project suspension, including estimated post-in-service costs which were expected to be subject to the cost cap.
(c)
The 2012 MPSC CPCN Order approved a construction cost cap of up to $2.88 billion, net of the Initial DOE Grants and excluding the cost of the lignite mine and equipment, the cost of the CO2 pipeline facilities, AFUDC, and certain general exceptions, including change of law, force majeure, and beneficial capital (which exists when Mississippi Power demonstrates that the purpose and effect of the construction cost increase is to produce efficiencies that will result in a neutral or favorable effect on customers relative to the original proposal for the CPCN) (Cost Cap Exceptions). The Cost Estimate at Suspension and the Actual Costs include non-incremental operating and maintenance costs related to the combined cycle and associated common facilities placed in service in August 2014 that are subject to the $2.88 billion cost cap and exclude post-in-service costs for the lignite mine. See "Rate Recovery of Kemper IGCC Costs2013 MPSC Rate Order" herein for additional information.
(d)
Mississippi Power's 2010 Project Estimate included recovery of financing costs during construction rather than the accrual of AFUDC. This approach was not approved by the Mississippi PSC as described in "Rate Recovery of Kemper IGCC Costs2013 MPSC Rate Order." The Cost Estimate at Suspension also reflects the impact of a settlement agreement with the wholesale customers for cost-based rates under FERC's jurisdiction. See "FERC Matters" herein for additional information.
(e)Non-capital Kemper IGCC-related costs incurred during construction were initially deferred as regulatory assets. Some of these costs are included in current rates and are being recognized through income; however, such costs remained in the Cost Estimate at Suspension and are reflected in the Actual Costs at June 30, 2017. The equity return associated with assets placed in service and other non-CWIP accounts deferred for regulatory purposes, as well as the wholesale portion of debt carrying costs, whether deferred or recognized through income, was not included in the Cost Estimate at Suspension or in the Actual Costs at June 30, 2017. At June 30, 2017, such deferred amounts totaled $33 million and $1 million, respectively.
(f)On April 8, 2016, Mississippi Power received approximately $137 million in additional grants from the DOE for the Kemper IGCC (Additional DOE Grants).
Mississippi Power recorded pre-tax charges to income for revisions to the cost estimate of $196 million ($121 million after tax) in the second quarter through May 31, 2017 and a total of $305 million ($188 million after tax) for year-to-date through May 31, 2017. In the aggregate, Mississippi Power incurred charges of $3.07 billion ($1.89 billion after tax) as a result of changes in the cost estimate above the cost cap for the Kemper IGCC through May 31, 2017. The May 31, 2017 cost estimate included approximately $175 million of estimated costs to be incurred beyond the then-estimated in-service date of June 30, 2017 that were expected to be subject to the $2.88 billion cost cap.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

While the ultimate disposition of the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC remains subject to the Mississippi PSC's jurisdiction, including the potential resolution of the matters addressed in the Kemper Settlement Order, given the Mississippi PSC's stated intent regarding no further rate increasemining permit holder for the Kemper County energy facility, cost recovery of the gasification portions is no longer probable; therefore, Mississippi Power recorded an additional charge to income in June 2017 of $2.8 billion ($2.0 billion after tax), which includes estimated costs associated with the gasification portions of the plant and lignite mine. In the event the gasification portions of the project are ultimately canceled, additional pre-tax costs currently estimated at approximately $100 million to $200 million are expected to be incurred.
In the aggregate, Mississippi Power recorded total pre-tax charges to income for the estimated probable losses on the Kemper IGCC totaling $3.0 billion for the second quarter 2017 and $3.1 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2017.
As of June 30, 2017, Mississippi Power has recorded a total of approximately $1.3 billion in costs associated with the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC, of which $1.2 billion is included in plant in service, $14 million in materials and supplies, $22 million in other regulatory assets, current, and $95 million in other regulatory assets, deferred.
Rate Recovery of Kemper IGCC Costs
Given the variety of potential scenarios and the uncertainty of the outcome of future regulatory proceedings with the Mississippi PSC (and any subsequent related legal challenges), the ultimate outcome of the rate recovery matters discussed herein, including the resolution of legal challenges, cannot now be determined but could result in further material charges that could have a material impact on Southern Company's and Mississippi Power's results of operations, financial condition, and liquidity.
Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket
On June 21, 2017, the Mississippi PSC stated its intent to issue an order (which occurred on July 6, 2017) directing Mississippi Power to pursue a settlement under which the Kemper County energy facility would be operated as a natural gas plant, rather than an IGCC plant, and address all issues associated with the Kemper IGCC. The Kemper Settlement Order established a new docket for the purposes of pursuing a global settlement of costs of the Kemper IGCC (Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket). The Mississippi PSC requested any such proposed settlement agreement reflect: (i) at a minimum, no rate increase to Mississippi Power customers (with a rate reduction focused on residential customers encouraged); (ii) removal of all cost risk to customers associated with the Kemper IGCC gasifier and related assets; and (iii) modification or amendment of the CPCN for the Kemper IGCC to allow only for ownership and operation of a natural gas facility. The Kemper Settlement Order provides that any related settlement agreement be filed within 45 days from the effective date of the Kemper Settlement Order. If a settlement agreement is filed, a hearing will be set 45 days from the date of the settlement's filing, and the appropriate scheduling order will be established.
Although the ability to achieve a negotiated settlement is uncertain, Mississippi Power intends to pursue any available settlement alternatives. In addition, the Kemper Settlement Order provides that, in the event a settlement agreement is not reached, the Mississippi PSC reserves its right to take any appropriate steps, including issuing an order to show cause as to why the CPCN for the Kemper IGCC should not be revoked.
On June 28, 2017, Mississippi Power notified the Mississippi PSC that it would begin a process to suspend operations and start-up activities on the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC, given the uncertainty as to the future of the gasifier portion of the Kemper IGCC. Mississippi Power expects to continue to operate the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC as it has done since August 2014.
At June 30, 2017, approximately $3.3 billion in actual Kemper IGCC costs were not reflected in Mississippi Power's retail and wholesale rates, of which $0.5 billion was related to the combined cycle and associated facilities and $2.8 billion was related to the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

While the ultimate disposition of the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC remains subject to the Mississippi PSC's jurisdiction, including the potential resolution of the matters addressed in the Kemper Settlement Order, given the Mississippi PSC's stated intent regarding no further rate increase for the Kemper County energy facility, cost recovery of the gasification portions is no longer probable; therefore, Mississippi Power recorded an additional charge to income in June 2017 of $2.8 billion ($2.0 billion after tax), which includes estimated costs associated with the gasification portions of the plant and lignite mine. In the event the gasification portions of the project are ultimately canceled, additional pre-tax costs currently estimated at approximately $100 million to $200 million are expected to be incurred.
As of June 30, 2017, Mississippi Power has recorded a total of approximately $1.3 billion in costs associated with the combined cycle portion of the Kemper IGCC including transmission and related regulatory assets, of which $0.8 billion is included in retail and wholesale rates. The $0.5 billion not included in current rates includes costs in excess of the original 2010 estimate for the combined cycle portion of the facility, as well as the 15% that was previously contracted to SMEPA. Mississippi Power has calculated the revenue requirements resulting from these remaining costs, using reasonable assumptions for amortization periods, and expects them to be recovered through rates consistent with the Mississippi PSC's requested settlement conditions. The ultimate outcome will be determined by the Mississippi PSC in the Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket proceedings.
Prudence
On August 17, 2016, the Mississippi PSC issued an order establishing a discovery docket to manage all filings related to the prudence of the Kemper IGCC. On October 3, 2016, Mississippi Power made a required compliance filing, which included a review and explanation of differences between the Kemper IGCC project estimate set forth in the 2010 CPCN proceedings and the most recent Kemper IGCC project estimate, as well as comparisons of current cost estimates and current expected plant operational parameters to the estimates presented in the 2010 CPCN proceedings for the first five years after the Kemper IGCC is placed in service. Compared to amounts presented in the 2010 CPCN proceedings, operations and maintenance expenses have increased an average of $105 million annually and maintenance capital has increased an average of $44 million annually for the first full five years of operations for the Kemper IGCC. Additionally, while the current estimated operational availability estimates reflect ultimate results similar to those presented in the 2010 CPCN proceedings, the ramp up period for the current estimates reflects a lower starting point and a slower escalation rate. On November 17, 2016, Mississippi Power submitted a supplemental filing to the October 3, 2016 compliance filing to present revised non-fuel operations and maintenance expense projections for the first year after the Kemper IGCC is placed in service. This supplemental filing included approximately $68 million in additional estimated operations and maintenance costs expected to be required to support the operations of the Kemper IGCC during that period.
Mississippi Power responded to numerous requests for information from interested parties in the discovery docket, which is now complete. Mississippi Power expects the Mississippi PSC to utilize this information in connection with the ultimate resolution of Kemper IGCC cost recovery.
Economic Viability Analysis
In the fourth quarter 2016, as a part of its Integrated Resource Plan process, the Southern Company system completed its regular annual updated fuel forecast, the 2017 Annual Fuel Forecast. This updated fuel forecast reflected significantly lower long-term estimated costs for natural gas than were previously projected. As a result of the updated long-term natural gas forecast, as well as the revised operating expense projections reflected in the discovery docket filings discussed above, on February 21, 2017, Mississippi Power filed an updated project economic viability analysis of the Kemper IGCC as required under the 2012 MPSC CPCN Order confirming authorization of the Kemper IGCC. The project economic viability analysis measures the life cycle economics of the Kemper IGCC compared to feasible alternatives, natural gas combined cycle generating units, under a variety of scenarios and considering fuel, operating and capital costs, and operating characteristics, as well as federal and state taxes and incentives. The reduction in the projected long-term natural gas prices in the 2017 Annual Fuel Forecast

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

and, to a lesser extent, the increase in the estimated Kemper IGCC operating costs, negatively impact the updated project economic viability analysis.
Mississippi Power expects the Mississippi PSC to address this matter in connection with the Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket.
2015 Rate Case
On August 13, 2015, the Mississippi PSC approved Mississippi Power's request for interim rates, which presented an alternative rate proposal (In-Service Asset Proposal) designed to recover Mississippi Power's costs associated with the Kemper IGCC assets that are commercially operational and currently providing service to customers (the transmission facilities, combined cycle, natural gas pipeline, and water pipeline) and other related costs. The interim rates were designed to collect approximately $159 million annually and became effective in September 2015, subject to refund and certain other conditions.
On December 3, 2015, the Mississippi PSC issued the In-Service Asset Rate Order adopting in full a stipulation (2015 Stipulation) entered into between Mississippi Power and the MPUS regarding the In-Service Asset Proposal. The In-Service Asset Rate Order provided for retail rate recovery of an annual revenue requirement of approximately $126 million, based on Mississippi Power's actual average capital structure, with a maximum common equity percentage of 49.733%, a 9.225% return on common equity, and actual embedded interest costs. The In-Service Asset Rate Order also included a prudence finding of all costs in the stipulated revenue requirement calculation for the in-service assets. The stipulated revenue requirement excluded the costs of the Kemper IGCC related to the 15% undivided interest that was previously projected to be purchased by SMEPA but reserved Mississippi Power's right to seek recovery in a future proceeding. See "Termination of Proposed Sale of Undivided Interest" herein for additional information. With implementation of the new rates on December 17, 2015, the interim rates were terminated and, in March 2016, Mississippi Power completed customer refunds of approximately $11 million for the difference between the interim rates collected and the permanent rates.
In 2011, the Mississippi PSC authorized Mississippi Power to defer all non-capital Kemper IGCC-related costs to a regulatory asset through the in-service date. In connection with the implementation of the In-Service Asset Order and wholesale rates, Mississippi Power began expensing certain ongoing project costs and certain retail debt carrying costs that previously were deferred and began amortizing certain regulatory assets associated with assets placed in service and consulting and legal fees. The amortization periods for these regulatory assets vary from two years to 10 years as set forth in the In-Service Asset Rate Order and the settlement agreement with wholesale customers. As of June 30, 2017, the balance associated with these regulatory assets was $117 million, of which $22 million is included in current assets. See "FERC Matters" herein for additional information related to the 2016 settlement agreement with wholesale customers.
The In-Service Asset Rate Order requires Mississippi Power to submit an annual true-up calculation of its actual cost of capital, compared to the stipulated total cost of capital, with the first occurring as of May 31, 2016. At June 30, 2017, Mississippi Power's related regulatory liability included in its balance sheet totaled approximately $10 million.
As required by the In-Service Asset Rate Order, on June 5, 2017, Mississippi Power made a rate filing requesting to adjust the amortization schedules of the regulatory assets reviewed and determined prudent in the In-Service Asset Order in a manner that would not change customer rates or annual revenues. On June 28, 2017, the Mississippi PSC suspended this filing. On July 6, 2017, the Mississippi PSC issued an order requiring Mississippi Power to establish a regulatory liability account to maintain current rates related to the Kemper IGCC following the July 2017 completion of the amortization period for certain regulatory assets approved in the In-Service Asset Rate Order that would allow for subsequent refund if the Mississippi PSC deems the rates unjust and unreasonable.
2013 MPSC Rate Order
In January 2013, Mississippi Power entered into a settlement agreement with the Mississippi PSC that was intended to establish the process for resolving matters regarding cost recovery related to the Kemper IGCC (2013 Settlement

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Agreement). Under the 2013 Settlement Agreement, Mississippi Power agreed to limit the portion of prudently-incurred Kemper IGCC costs to be included in retail rate base to the $2.4 billion certificated cost estimate, plus the Cost Cap Exceptions, but excluding AFUDC, and any other costs permitted or determined to be excluded from the $2.88 billion cost cap by the Mississippi PSC. In March 2013, the Mississippi PSC issued a rate order approving retail rate increases of 15% effective March 19, 2013 and 3% effective January 1, 2014, which collectively were designed to collect $156 million annually beginning in 2014 (2013 MPSC Rate Order) to be used to mitigate customer rate impacts after the Kemper IGCC was placed in service, based on a mirror CWIP methodology (Mirror CWIP rate).
On February 12, 2015, the Court reversed the 2013 MPSC Rate Order and, on July 7, 2015, the Mississippi PSC ordered that the Mirror CWIP rate be terminated effective July 20, 2015 and required the fourth quarter 2015 refund of the $342 million previously collected, along with associated carrying costs of $29 million.
Because the 2013 MPSC Rate Order did not provide for the inclusion of CWIP in rate base as permitted by the Baseload Act, Mississippi Power continued to record AFUDC on the Kemper IGCC. Between the original May 2014 estimated in-service date and the June 2017 project suspension date, Mississippi Power recorded $493 million of AFUDC on the Kemper IGCC subject to the $2.88 billion cost cap and Cost Cap Exception amounts, of which $459 million related to the gasification portions of the Kemper IGCC.
Mississippi Power expects the Mississippi PSC to address this matter in connection with the Kemper IGCC Settlement Docket.
Lignite Mine and CO2 Pipeline Facilities
In conjunction with the Kemper IGCC, Mississippi Power owns the lignite mine and equipment and mineral reserves located around the Kemper IGCC site. The mine started commercial operation in June 2013.
In 2010, Mississippi Power executed a 40-year management fee contract with Liberty Fuels Company, LLC (Liberty Fuels), a wholly-owned subsidiary of The North American Coal Corporation, which developed, constructed, and is responsible for the mining operations through the end of the mine reclamation. As the mining permit holder, Liberty Fuels has a legal obligation to perform mine reclamation, and Mississippi Power has a contractual obligation to fund all reclamation activities. In addition toMine reclamation began in the obligation to fund the reclamation activities, Mississippi Power provides working capital support to Liberty Fuels through cash advances for capital purchases, payroll, and other operating expenses.first quarter 2018. See Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Mississippi Power under "Asset Retirement Obligations and Other Costs of Removal" and of Mississippi Power under "Variable Interest Entities" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
During the first quarter 2018, Mississippi Power recorded charges to income of $44 million ($33 million after tax), primarily resulting from the abandonment and related closure activities for the mine and gasifier-related assets at the Kemper County energy facility. Additional closure costs for the mine and gasifier-related assets, including ash disposal, currently estimated to cost up to $50 million pre-tax (excluding salvage), are expected to be incurred during the remainder of 2018 and 2019. In addition, Mississippi Power constructed the CO2 pipelineperiod costs, including, but not limited to, costs for compliance and safety, ARO accretion, and property taxes for the planned transportmine and gasifier-related assets, are estimated at $4 million for the remainder of captured CO2 for use2018, $4 million in enhanced oil recovery. Mississippi Power entered into agreements with Denbury Onshore (Denbury)2019, and Treetop Midstream Services, LLC (Treetop), pursuant to which Denbury would purchase 70% of the CO2 captured from the Kemper IGCC and Treetop would purchase 30% of the CO2 captured from the Kemper IGCC. On June 3, 2016, Mississippi Power cancelled its contract with Treetop and amended its contract with Denbury to reflect, among other things, Denbury's agreement to purchase 100% of the CO2 captured from the Kemper IGCC and an initial contract term of 16 years. Denbury has the right to terminate the contract at any time because Mississippi Power did not place the Kemper IGCC$1 million annually beginning in service by July 1, 2017.
2020. The ultimate outcome of these mattersthis matter cannot be determined at this time.
Termination
Other Matters
Investments in Leveraged Leases
See Note 1 to the financial statements of Proposed SaleSouthern Company under "Leveraged Leases" in Item 8 of Undivided Interestthe Form 10-K for additional information regarding a Southern Company Holdings Inc. (Southern Holdings) subsidiary's leveraged lease agreements and concerns about the financial and operational performance of one of the lessees and the associated generation assets.
In 2010 and as amended in 2012, Mississippi Power and SMEPA entered into an agreement whereby SMEPA agreedThe ability of the lessees to purchasemake required payments to the Southern Holdings subsidiary is dependent on the operational performance of the assets. As a 15% undivided interestresult of operational improvements in the Kemper IGCC (15% Undivided Interest). On May 20, 2015, SMEPA notified Mississippi Power of its terminationfirst quarter 2018, the June 2018 lease payment is currently expected to be paid in full. However, operational issues and resulting cash liquidity challenges persist and significant concerns continue regarding the lessee's ability to make the remaining semi-annual lease payments, including the lease payment due in December 2018. These operational challenges may also impact the expected residual value of the agreement. Mississippi Power previously receivedassets at the end of the lease term in 2047. If any future lease payment is not paid in full, the Southern Holdings subsidiary may be unable to make its corresponding payment to the holders of the underlying non-recourse debt related to the generation assets. Failure to make the required payment to the debtholders would represent an event of default that would give the debtholders the right to foreclose on, and take ownership of, the generation assets from the Southern Holdings subsidiary, in effect terminating the lease and resulting in the write-off of the related lease receivable which had a totalbalance of $275approximately $86 million as of deposits from SMEPA that were required to be returned to SMEPA with interest. On June 3, 2015,March 31, 2018. Southern Company pursuanthas evaluated the recoverability of the lease receivable and the expected residual value of the generation assets at the end of the lease under various scenarios and has concluded that its investment in the leveraged lease is not impaired as of March 31, 2018. Southern Company will continue to its guarantee obligation, returned approximately $301 millionmonitor the operational performance of the underlying assets and evaluate the ability of the lessee to SMEPA.continue to make the required lease payments. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Natural Gas Storage
A wholly-owned subsidiary of Southern Company Gas owns and operates a natural gas storage facility consisting of two salt dome caverns in Louisiana. Periodic integrity tests are required in accordance with rules of the Louisiana Department of Natural Resources (DNR). In August 2017, in connection with an ongoing integrity project, updated seismic mapping indicated the proximity of one of the caverns to the edge of the salt dome may be less than the required minimum and could result in Southern Company Gas retiring the cavern early. At March 31, 2018, the

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Subsequently, Mississippi Power issuedfacility's property, plant, and equipment had a promissory notenet book value of $111 million, of which the cavern itself represents approximately 20%. A potential early retirement of this cavern is dependent upon several factors including compliance with an order from the Louisiana DNR detailing the requirements to place the cavern back in the aggregate principal amount of approximately $301 million to Southern Company,service, which was repaid in June 2017.
Litigation
On April 26, 2016, a complaint against Mississippi Power was filed in Harrison County Circuit Court (Circuit Court) by Biloxi Freezing & Processing Inc., Gulfside Casino Partnership, and John Carlton Dean, which was amended and refiled on July 11, 2016 to include,includes, among other things, obtaining core samples to determine the composition of the sheath surrounding the edge of the salt dome.
The cavern continues to maintain its pressures and overall structural integrity. Southern Company as a defendant. The individual plaintiff alleges that Mississippi PowerGas intends to monitor the cavern and comply with the Louisiana DNR order through 2020 and place the cavern back in service in 2021. These events were considered in connection with Southern Company violatedGas' 2017 long-lived asset impairment analysis, which determined there was no impairment. Any future changes in results of monitoring activities, rates at which expiring capacity contracts are re-contracted, timing of placing the Mississippi Unfair Trade Practices Act. All plaintiffs have alleged that Mississippi Power and Southern Company concealed, falsely represented, and failed to fully disclose important facts concerning the cost and schedulecavern back in service, or Louisiana DNR requirements could trigger impairment. Further, early retirement of the Kemper IGCC and that these alleged breaches have unjustly enriched Mississippi Power and Southern Company.cavern could trigger impairment of other long-lived assets associated with the natural gas storage facility. The plaintiffs seek unspecified actual damages and punitive damages; ask the Circuit Court to appoint a receiver to oversee, operate, manage, and otherwise control all affairs relating to the Kemper IGCC; ask the Circuit Court to revoke any licenses or certificates authorizing Mississippi Power or Southern Company to engage in any business related to the Kemper IGCC in Mississippi; and seek attorney's fees, costs, and interest. The plaintiffs also seek an injunction to prevent any Kemper IGCC costs from being charged to customers through electric rates. On June 23, 2017, the Circuit Court ruled in favorultimate outcome of motions by Southern Company and Mississippi Power and dismissed the case. On July 7, 2017, the plaintiffs filed notice to appeal to the Court.
On June 9, 2016, Treetop, Greenleaf CO2 Solutions, LLC (Greenleaf), Tenrgys, LLC, Tellus Energy, LLC, WCOA, LLC, and Tellus Operating Group filed a complaint against Mississippi Power, Southern Company, and SCS in the state court in Gwinnett County, Georgia. The complaint relates to the cancelled CO2 contract with Treetop and alleges fraudulent misrepresentation, fraudulent concealment, civil conspiracy, and breach of contract on the part of Mississippi Power, Southern Company, and SCS and seeks compensatory damages of $100 million, as well as unspecified punitive damages. Southern Company, Mississippi Power, and SCS have moved to compel arbitration pursuant to the terms of the CO2 contract, which the court granted on May 4, 2017. On June 28, 2017, Treetop, Greenleaf, Tenrgys, LLC, Tellus Energy, LLC, WCOA, LLC, and Tellus Operating Group filed a claim for arbitration requesting $500 million in damages.
Southern Company and Mississippi Power believe these legal challenges have no merit; however, an adverse outcome in these proceedingsthis matter cannot be determined at this time, but could have a significant impact on Southern Company's financial statements and a material impact on Southern Company'sCompany Gas' financial statements.
(C)REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS
The registrants generate revenues from a variety of sources, some of which are excluded from the scope of ASC 606, such as leases, derivatives, and Mississippi Power's resultscertain cost recovery mechanisms. See Note (A) under "Recently Adopted Accounting Standards – Revenue" for additional information on the adoption of operations, financial condition,ASC 606 for revenue from contracts with customers.
The majority of the revenues of the traditional electric operating companies and liquidity. Southern Company Gas are generated from contracts with retail electric and Mississippi Power will vigorously defend themselves in these matters,natural gas distribution customers. Revenues from this integrated service to deliver electricity or gas when and the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Baseload Act
In 2008, the Baseload Act was signedif called upon by the Governorcustomer is recognized as a single performance obligation satisfied over time and is recognized at a tariff rate as electricity or gas is delivered to the customer during the month. The traditional electric operating companies and Southern Company Gas exclude taxes imposed on the customer and collected on behalf of Mississippi. governmental agencies to be remitted to these agencies from the transaction price in determining the revenue related to contracts with a customer.
The Baseload Act authorizes, but does not require,traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power also have contracts with multiple performance obligations, such as capacity and energy in a wholesale PPA, where the Mississippi PSCcontract's total transaction price is allocated to adopteach performance obligation based on the standalone selling price. The standalone selling price is primarily determined by the price charged to customers for the specific goods or services transferred with the performance obligations. Generally, the registrants recognize revenue as the performance obligations are satisfied over time as electricity or natural gas is delivered to the customer or as generation capacity is available to the customer. At Southern Company Gas, the performance obligations related to wholesale gas services are satisfied, and revenue is recognized, at a cost recovery mechanismpoint in time when natural gas is delivered to the customer.
The registrants generally have a right to consideration in an amount that includes in retail base rates, priorcorresponds directly with the value to and during construction, all or a portionthe customer of the prudently-incurred pre-constructionentity's performance completed to date and construction costs incurred bymay recognize revenue in the amount to which the entity has a utilityright to invoice and has elected to recognize revenue for its sales of electricity, capacity, and natural gas using the invoice practical expedient. In addition, payment for goods and services rendered is typically due in constructing a base load electric generating plant. Prior to the passagesubsequent month following satisfaction of the Baseload Act, such costs would traditionally be recovered only after the plant was placed in service. The Baseload Act also provides for periodic prudence reviews by the Mississippi PSC and prohibits the cancellation of any such generating plant without the approval of the Mississippi PSC. In the event of cancellation of the construction of the plant without approval of the Mississippi PSC, the Baseload Act authorizes the Mississippi PSC to make a public interest determination as to whether and to what extent the utility will be afforded rate recovery for costs incurred in connection with such cancelled generating plant.
Income Tax Matters
See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Mississippi Power under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle – Bonus Depreciation," " – Investment Tax Credits," and " – Section 174 Research and Experimental Deduction" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (G) under "Section 174 Research andregistrants' performance obligation.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Experimental Deduction"The following tables disaggregate revenue sources for additional information on bonus depreciation, investment tax credits,the three months ended March 31, 2018:
 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
 (in millions)
Southern Company 
Operating revenues 
Retail electric revenues(a)
 
Residential$1,539
Commercial1,243
Industrial756
Other30
Natural gas distribution revenues1,224
Alternative revenue programs(b)
(24)
Total retail electric and gas distribution revenues$4,768
Wholesale energy revenues(c)(d)
468
Wholesale capacity revenues(d)
151
Other natural gas revenues(e)
407
Other revenues(f)
578
Total operating revenues$6,372
(a)Retail electric revenues include $18 million of leases and a net increase of $117 million from certain cost recovery mechanisms that are not accounted for as revenue under ASC 606. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information on cost recovery mechanisms.
(b)See Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Revenues" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information on alternative revenue programs at the natural gas distribution utilities. Alternative revenue program revenues are presented net of any previously recognized program amounts billed to customers during the same accounting period.
(c)Wholesale energy revenues include $93 million of revenues accounted for as derivatives, primarily related to revenues from short-term sales related to physical energy sales from uncovered capacity in the wholesale electricity market. See Note (I) for additional information on energy-related derivative contracts.
(d)Wholesale energy and wholesale capacity revenues include $69 million and $30 million, respectively, of PPA contracts accounted for as leases.
(e)Other natural gas revenues related to Southern Company Gas' energy and risk management activities are presented net of the related costs of those activities and include gross third-party revenues of $1.9 billion, of which $1.1 billion relates to contracts that are accounted for as derivatives. See Note (L) under "Southern Company Gas" for additional information on the components of wholesale gas services operating revenues.
(f)Other revenues include $90 million of revenues not accounted for under ASC 606.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
 Alabama PowerGeorgia Power
Gulf
Power
Mississippi Power
 (in millions)
Operating revenues    
Retail revenues(a)(b)
    
Residential$570
$744
$165
$60
Commercial371
717
92
62
Industrial338
316
32
70
Other6
21
1
2
Total retail electric revenues$1,285
$1,798
$290
$194
Wholesale energy revenues(c)
101
40
35
93
Wholesale capacity revenues24
14
6
4
Other revenues(b)(d)
63
109
17
11
Total operating revenues$1,473
$1,961
$348
$302
(a)Retail revenues at Alabama Power, Georgia Power, Gulf Power, and Mississippi Power include a net increase or (net reduction) of $47 million, $10 million, $(16) million, and $76 million, respectively, related to certain cost recovery mechanisms that are not accounted for as revenue under ASC 606. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Alabama Power, Georgia Power, Gulf Power, and Mississippi Power under "Retail Regulatory Matters" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information on cost recovery mechanisms.
(b)Retail revenues and other revenues at Georgia Power include $18 million and $33 million, respectively, of revenues accounted for as leases.
(c)Wholesale energy revenues at Alabama Power, Georgia Power, Gulf Power, and Mississippi Power include $5 million, $7 million, $1 million, and $1 million, respectively, accounted for as derivatives primarily related to physical energy sales in the forward and spot markets. See Note (I) for additional information on energy-related derivative contracts.
(d)Other revenues at Alabama Power, Georgia Power, and Gulf Power include $25 million, $26 million, and $2 million, respectively, of revenues not accounted for under ASC 606.
 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
 (in millions)
Southern Power 
PPA capacity revenues(a)
$138
PPA energy revenues(a)
254
Non-PPA revenues(b)
115
Other revenues2
Total operating revenues$509
(a)PPA capacity revenues and PPA energy revenues include $47 million and $76 million, respectively, related to PPAs accounted for as leases. See Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Power under "Revenues" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information on capacity revenues accounted for as leases.
(b)Non-PPA revenues include $79 million of revenues from short-term sales related to physical energy sales from uncovered capacity in the wholesale electricity market. See Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Power under "Revenues" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (I) for additional information on energy-related derivative contracts.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
 (in millions)
Southern Company Gas 
Operating revenues 
Natural gas distribution revenues 
Residential$660
Commercial192
Transportation277
Industrial17
Other78
Alternative revenue programs(a)
(24)
Total natural gas distribution revenues$1,200
Gas marketing services(b)
271
Wholesale gas services(c)
146
Gas midstream operations22
Total operating revenues$1,639
(a)See Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas under "Revenues" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information on alternative revenue programs at the natural gas distribution utilities. Alternative revenue program revenues are presented net of any previously recognized program amounts billed to customers during the same accounting period.
(b)Gas marketing services includes $3 million and $1 million of revenues accounted for as derivatives and leases, respectively. See Note (I) for additional information on energy-related derivative contracts.
(c)Wholesale gas services revenues are presented net of the related costs associated with its energy trading and risk management activities. Operating revenues, as presented, include gross third-party revenues of $1.9 billion, of which $1.1 billion relates to contracts that are accounted for as derivatives. See Note (L) under "Southern Company Gas" for additional information on the components of wholesale gas services operating revenues and Note (I) for additional information on energy-related derivative contracts.
Contract Balances
The following table reflects the closing balances of receivables, contract assets, and contract liabilities related to revenues from contracts with customers as of March 31, 2018:
 Receivables Contract Assets Contract Liabilities
 (in millions)
Southern Company$2,607
 $60
 $52
Alabama Power507
 
 11
Georgia Power600
 29
 5
Gulf Power129
 
 1
Mississippi Power64
 
 
Southern Power78
 
 4
Southern Company Gas948
 
 15
As of March 31, 2018, Alabama Power had contract liabilities for outstanding performance obligations primarily related to extended service agreements. Georgia Power had contract assets primarily related to fixed retail customer bill programs where the payment is contingent upon Georgia Power's continued performance and the Section 174 researchcustomer's continued participation in the program over the one-year contract term, as well as unregulated service agreements where payment is contingent on project completion. Southern Company Gas' contract liability relates to collections from customers received in advance of the satisfaction of related performance obligations, primarily associated with maintenance and experimental deduction.warranty contracts for residential and commercial appliances. Southern Company's unregulated
Bonus Depreciation
Approximately $370NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

distributed generation business had $31 million and $20 million of positive cash flows is expectedcontract assets and contract liabilities, respectively, remaining for outstanding performance obligations.
Remaining Performance Obligations
The traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power have long-term contracts with customers in which revenues are recognized as performance obligations are satisfied over the contract term. These contracts primarily relate to result from bonus depreciationPPAs whereby the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power provide electricity and generation capacity to a customer. The revenue recognized for the 2017 tax year, but may not all be realized in 2017 due to net operating loss projectionsdelivery of electricity is variable; however, certain PPAs include a fixed payment for fixed generation capacity over the 2017 tax year, and is dependent upon placing the remainderterm of the Kemper IGCC in service by December 31, 2017. If the suspension of the Kemper IGCC start-up activities results in an abandonment, any amount previously estimated as bonus depreciation would be claimed as a deduction under IRC Section 165. As of June 30, 2017, $82 millioncontract. Southern Company's unregulated distributed generation business also has been received through quarterly income tax refunds for bonus depreciationpartially satisfied performance obligations related to the Kemper IGCC, which may be subject to repayment. See Note (G) for additional information. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
Section 174 Research and Experimental Deduction
Southern Company, on behalf of Mississippi Power, has reflected deductions for research and experimental (R&E) expenditurescertain fixed price contracts. Revenues from contracts with customers related to the Kemper IGCC in its federal income tax calculations since 2013 and filed amended federal income tax returns for 2008 through 2013 to also include such deductions. In December 2016, Southern Company and the IRS reached a proposed settlement, subject to approval of the U.S. Congress Joint Committee on Taxation, resolving a methodology for these deductions. Due to the uncertainty related to this tax position, Southern Company and Mississippi Power had unrecognized tax benefits associated with these R&E deductions totaling approximately $464 million as of June 30, 2017. If the suspension of the Kemper IGCC start-up activities results in an abandonment, any amount not allowed under IRC Section 174 would be claimed as a deduction under IRC Section 165, and would result in a reversal of the related unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest. See Note (G) for additional information. This matter isperformance obligations remaining at March 31, 2018 are expected to be resolved in the next 12 months; however, the ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.recognized as follows:
 20182019202020212022
2023 and
Thereafter
 (in millions)
Southern Company$458
$403
$369
$358
$345
$2,161
Alabama Power16
21
22
26
22
161
Georgia Power31
41
38
40
30
113
Gulf Power16
22




Mississippi Power2
3
3
1


Southern Power384
350
330
313
312
2,010

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

(C)(D)FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
As of June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis during the period, together with their associated level of the fair value hierarchy, were as follows:
Fair Value Measurements Using:  Fair Value Measurements Using:  
As of June 30, 2017:
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 Net Asset Value as a Practical Expedient (NAV) Total
As of March 31, 2018:
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 Net Asset Value as a Practical Expedient (NAV) Total
(in millions)(in millions)
Southern Company                  
Assets:                  
Energy-related derivatives(a)(b)
$193
 $179
 $
 $
 $372
$360
 $172
 $
 $
 $532
Interest rate derivatives
 11
 
 
 11
Foreign currency derivatives
 56
 
 
 56

 182
 
 
 182
Nuclear decommissioning trusts(c)
728
 966
 
 25
 1,719
776
 1,019
 
 32
 1,827
Cash equivalents834
 
 
 
 834
1,664
 
 
 
 1,664
Other investments9
 
 1
 
 10
9
 
 1
 
 10
Total$1,764
 $1,212
 $1
 $25
 $3,002
$2,809
 $1,373
 $1
 $32
 $4,215
Liabilities:                  
Energy-related derivatives(a)(b)
$205
 $161
 $
 $
 $366
$506
 $136
 $
 $
 $642
Interest rate derivatives
 23
 
 
 23

 61
 
 
 61
Foreign currency derivatives
 23
 
 
 23

 22
 
 
 22
Contingent consideration
 
 20
 
 20

 
 22
 
 22
Total$205
 $207
 $20
 $
 $432
$506
 $219
 $22
 $
 $747
                  
Alabama Power                  
Assets:                  
Energy-related derivatives$
 $9
 $
 $
 $9
$
 $3
 $
 $
 $3
Nuclear decommissioning trusts:(d)
        

        

Domestic equity411
 79
 
 
 490
437
 83
 
 
 520
Foreign equity56
 54
 
 
 110
63
 58
 
 
 121
U.S. Treasury and government agency securities
 29
 
 
 29

 19
 
 
 19
Corporate bonds22
 145
 
 
 167
21
 162
 
 
 183
Mortgage and asset backed securities
 18
 
 
 18

 17
 
 
 17
Private Equity
 
 
 25
 25

 
 
 32
 32
Other
 6
 
 
 6
6
 
 
 
 6
Cash equivalents493
 
 
 
 493
459
 
 
 
 459
Total$982
 $340
 $
 $25
 $1,347
$986
 $342
 $
 $32
 $1,360
Liabilities:                  
Energy-related derivatives$
 $11
 $
 $
 $11
$
 $8
 $
 $
 $8

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Fair Value Measurements Using:  Fair Value Measurements Using:  
As of June 30, 2017:
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 Net Asset Value as a Practical Expedient (NAV) Total
As of March 31, 2018:
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 Net Asset Value as a Practical Expedient (NAV) Total
(in millions)(in millions)
Georgia Power                  
Assets:                  
Energy-related derivatives$
 $15
 $
 $
 $15
$
 $5
 $
 $
 $5
Interest rate derivatives
 1
 
 
 1
Nuclear decommissioning trusts:(d) (e)
                  
Domestic equity225
 1
 
 
 226
238
 1
 
 
 239
Foreign equity
 147
 
 
 147

 141
 
 
 141
U.S. Treasury and government agency securities
 198
 
 
 198

 241
 
 
 241
Municipal bonds
 72
 
 
 72

 76
 
 
 76
Corporate bonds
 169
 
 
 169

 168
 
 
 168
Mortgage and asset backed securities
 41
 
 
 41

 40
 
 
 40
Other14
 7
 
 
 21
11
 14
 
 
 25
Cash equivalents50
 
 
 
 50
1,055
 
 
 
 1,055
Total$289
 $651
 $
 $
 $940
$1,304
 $686
 $
 $
 $1,990
Liabilities:                  
Energy-related derivatives$
 $14
 $
 $
 $14
$
 $18
 $
 $
 $18
Interest rate derivatives
 3
 
 
 3

 8
 
 
 8
Total$
 $17
 $
 $
 $17
$
 $26
 $
 $
 $26
                  
Gulf Power                  
Assets:                  
Cash equivalents$27
 $
 $
 $
 $27
Liabilities:         
Energy-related derivatives$
 $17
 $
 $
 $17
         
Mississippi Power         
Assets:         
Energy-related derivatives$
 $1
 $
 $
 $1
$
 $2
 $
 $
 $2
Cash equivalents21
 
 
 
 21
103
 
 
 
 103
Total$21
 $1
 $
 $
 $22
$103
 $2
 $
 $
 $105
Liabilities:                  
Energy-related derivatives$
 $29
 $
 $
 $29
$
 $8
 $
 $
 $8
                  
Mississippi Power         
Assets:         
Energy-related derivatives$
 $2
 $
 $
 $2
Interest rate derivatives
 3
 
 
 3
Cash equivalents100
 
 
 
 100
Total$100
 $5
 $
 $
 $105
Liabilities:         
Energy-related derivatives$
 $10
 $
 $
 $10
         

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Fair Value Measurements Using:  Fair Value Measurements Using:  
As of June 30, 2017:
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 Net Asset Value as a Practical Expedient (NAV) Total
As of March 31, 2018:
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)
 
Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 Net Asset Value as a Practical Expedient (NAV) Total
(in millions)(in millions)
Southern Power                  
Assets:                  
Energy-related derivatives$
 $14
 $
 $
 $14
$
 $4
 $
 $
 $4
Foreign currency derivatives
 56
 
 
 56

 182
 
 
 182
Total$
 $70
 $
 $
 $70
$
 $186
 $
 $
 $186
Liabilities:                  
Energy-related derivatives$
 $9
 $
 $
 $9
$
 $3
 $
 $
 $3
Foreign currency derivatives
 23
 
 
 23

 22
 
 
 22
Contingent consideration
 
 20
 
 20

 
 22
 
 22
Total$

$32

$20

$

$52
$

$25

$22

$

$47
                  
Southern Company Gas                  
Assets:                  
Energy-related derivatives(a)(b)
$193
 $138
 $
 $
 $331
$360
 $158
 $
 $
 $518
Liabilities:                  
Energy-related derivatives(a)(b)
$205
 $86
 $
 $
 $291
$506
 $82
 $
 $
 $588
(a)Excludes $11$4 million associated with premiums and certain weather derivatives accounted for based on intrinsic value rather than fair value.
(b)Excludes cash collateral of $71$223 million.
(c)For additional detail, see the nuclear decommissioning trusts sections for Alabama Power and Georgia Power in this table.
(d)Excludes receivables related to investment income, pending investment sales, payables related to pending investment purchases, and currencies.
(e)Includes the investment securities pledged to creditors and collateral received and excludes payables related to the securities lending program. As of June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, approximately $38$76 million of the fair market value of Georgia Power's nuclear decommissioning trust funds' securities were on loan to creditors under the funds' managers' securities lending program.
Southern Company, Alabama Power, and Georgia Power continue to elect the option to fair value investment securities held in the nuclear decommissioning trust funds. The fair value of the funds at Southern Company, including reinvested interest and dividends and excluding the funds' expenses, decreased by $11 million and increased by $55$63 million and $118 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30,March 31, 2018 and 2017, and by $47 million and $67 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016.respectively. Alabama Power recorded an increasea decrease in fair value of $28$5 million and $62an increase of $34 million respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and $29 million and $40 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, as a change in regulatory liabilities related to its AROs. Georgia Power recorded increasesa decrease in fair value of $27$6 million and $56an increase of $29 million respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30,March 31, 2018 and 2017, and $18 million and $27 million, respectively, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 as a change in its regulatory asset related to its AROs.
Valuation Methodologies
The energy-related derivatives primarily consist of exchange-traded and over-the-counter financial products for natural gas and physical power products, including, from time to time, basis swaps. These are standard products used within the energy industry and are valued using the market approach. The inputs used are mainly from observable market sources, such as forward natural gas prices, power prices, implied volatility, and overnight index swap interest rates. Interest rate derivatives are also standard over-the-counter products that are valued using

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

observable market data and assumptions commonly used by market participants. The fair value of interest rate

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

derivatives reflects the net present value of expected payments and receipts under the swap agreement based on the market's expectation of future interest rates. Additional inputs to the net present value calculation may include the contract terms, counterparty credit risk, and occasionally, implied volatility of interest rate options. The fair value of cross-currency swaps reflects the net present value of expected payments and receipts under the swap agreement based on the market's expectation of future foreign currency exchange rates. Additional inputs to the net present value calculation may include the contract terms, counterparty credit risk, and discount rates. The interest rate derivatives and cross-currency swaps are categorized as Level 2 under Fair Value Measurements as these inputs are based on observable data and valuations of similar instruments. See Note (H)(I) for additional information on how these derivatives are used.
The NRC requires licensees of commissioned nuclear power reactors to establish a plan for providing reasonable assurance of funds for future decommissioning. For fair value measurements of the investments within the nuclear decommissioning trusts, external pricing vendors are designated for each asset class with each security specifically assigned a primary pricing source. For investments held within commingled funds, fair value is determined at the end of each business day through the net asset value, which is established by obtaining the underlying securities' individual prices from the primary pricing source. A market price secured from the primary source vendor is then evaluated by management in its valuation of the assets within the trusts. As a general approach, fixed income market pricing vendors gather market data (including indices and market research reports) and integrate relative credit information, observed market movements, and sector news into proprietary pricing models, pricing systems, and mathematical tools. Dealer quotes and other market information, including live trading levels and pricing analysts' judgments, are also obtained when available. See Note 1 to the financial statements of Southern Company, Alabama Power, and Georgia Power under "Nuclear Decommissioning" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Southern Power has contingent payment obligations related to certain acquisitions whereby Southern Power is primarily obligated to make generation-based payments to the seller, over a period ranging from 10 to 30 years, beginningwhich commenced at the commercial operation date.date of the respective facility and continue through 2026. The obligation is categorized as Level 3 under Fair Value Measurements as the fair value is determined using significant unobservable inputs for the forecasted facility generation in MW-hours, as well as other inputs such as a fixed dollar amount per MW-hour, and a discount rate, and is evaluated periodically.rate. The fair value of contingent consideration reflects the net present value of expected payments and any periodic change arising from forecasted generation is expected to be immaterial.
"Other investments" include investments that are not traded in the open market. The fair value of these investments has been determined based on market factors including comparable multiples and the expectations regarding cash flows and business plan executions.
As of June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, the fair value measurements of private equity investments held in the nuclear decommissioning trusttrusts that are calculated at net asset value per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient, as well as the nature and risks of those investments, were as follows:
As of June 30, 2017:
Fair
Value
 
Unfunded
Commitments
 
Redemption
Frequency
 
Redemption
Notice Period
As of March 31, 2018:
Fair
Value
 
Unfunded
Commitments
 
Redemption
Frequency
 
Redemption
Notice Period
(in millions) (in millions) 
Southern Company$25
 $22
 Not Applicable Not Applicable$32
 $19
 Not Applicable Not Applicable
Alabama Power$25
 $22
 Not Applicable Not Applicable$32
 $19
 Not Applicable Not Applicable
Private equity funds include a fund-of-funds that invests in high-quality private equity funds across several market sectors, funds that invest in real estate assets, and a fund that acquires companies to create resale value. Private equity funds do not have redemption rights. Distributions from these funds will be received as the underlying investments in the funds are liquidated. Liquidations are expected to occur at various times over the next 10 years.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

As of June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, other financial instruments for which the carrying amount did not equal fair value were as follows:
Carrying
Amount
 
Fair
Value
Carrying
Amount
 
Fair
Value
(in millions)(in millions)
Long-term debt, including securities due within one year:      
Southern Company$46,631
 $48,228
$47,479
 $48,836
Alabama Power$7,440
 $8,041
7,626
 8,093
Georgia Power$10,888
 $11,585
11,402
 11,851
Gulf Power$1,292
 $1,336
1,285
 1,317
Mississippi Power$2,125
 $2,071
1,781
 1,790
Southern Power$5,725
 $5,878
5,878
 6,006
Southern Company Gas$5,699
 $6,031
6,036
 6,276
The fair values are determined using Level 2 measurements and are based on quoted market prices for the same or similar issues or on the current rates available to Southern Company, Alabama Power, Georgia Power, Gulf Power, Mississippi Power, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas.
(D)(E)STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Earnings per Share
For Southern Company, the only difference in computing basic and diluted earnings per share is attributable to awards outstanding under the stock option and performance share plans. See Note 8 to the financial statements of Southern Company in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for information on the stock option and performance share plans. The effect of both stock options and performance share award units was determined using the treasury stock method. Shares used to compute diluted earnings per share were as follows:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017Three Months Ended June 30, 2016Six Months Ended June 30, 2017Six Months Ended June 30, 2016Three Months Ended March 31, 2018Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
(in millions)(in millions)
As reported shares998
934
996
925
1,011
993
Effect of options and performance share award units7
6
7
6
5
7
Diluted shares1,005
940
1,003
931
1,016
1,000
Stock options and performance share award units that were not included in the diluted earnings per share calculation because they were anti-dilutive were immaterial for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 and 2016.2017.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Changes in Stockholders' Equity
The following table presents year-to-date changes in stockholders' equity of Southern Company:
Number of
Common Shares
 Common
Stockholders'
Equity
Preferred and
Preference
Stock of
Subsidiaries
 Total
Stockholders'
Equity
Number of
Common Shares
 Common
Stockholders'
Equity
Preferred and
Preference
Stock of
Subsidiaries
 Total
Stockholders'
Equity
IssuedTreasury 
Noncontrolling Interests(*)
IssuedTreasury 
Noncontrolling Interests(*)
(in thousands) (in millions)(in thousands) (in millions)
Balance at December 31, 2016991,213
(819) $24,758
$609
$1,245
$26,612
Consolidated net income (loss) attributable to Southern Company

 (723)

(723)
Other comprehensive income (loss)

 (11)

(11)
Balance at December 31, 20171,008,532
(929) $24,167
$
$1,361
$25,528
Consolidated net income attributable to Southern Company

 938


938
Other comprehensive income

 30


30
Stock issued9,129

 417


417
4,055

 113


113
Stock-based compensation

 72


72


 36


36
Cash dividends on common stock

 (1,134)

(1,134)

 (586)

(586)
Preference stock redemption

 
(150)
(150)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests

 


71
71


 

9
9
Distributions to noncontrolling interests

 

(40)(40)

 

(13)(13)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

16
16
Reclassification from redeemable noncontrolling interests

 

114
114
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

(6)(6)
Other
(49) (7)3
1
(3)
(33) (22)
(2)(24)
Balance at June 30, 20171,000,342
(868) $23,372
$462
$1,407
$25,241
Balance at March 31, 20181,012,587
(962) $24,676
$
$1,349
$26,025
      
Balance at December 31, 2015915,073
(3,352) $20,592
$609
$781
$21,982
Balance at December 31, 2016991,213
(819) $24,758
$609
$1,245
$26,612
Consolidated net income attributable to Southern Company

 1,112


1,112


 658


658
Other comprehensive income (loss)

 (117)

(117)

 (9)

(9)
Stock issued27,297
2,599
 1,383


1,383
4,240

 186


186
Stock-based compensation

 67


67


 57


57
Cash dividends on common stock

 (1,023)

(1,023)

 (556)

(556)
Contributions from noncontrolling interests

 

169
169


 

71
71
Distributions to noncontrolling interests

 

(10)(10)

 

(18)(18)
Purchase of membership interests from noncontrolling interests

 

(129)(129)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

11
11
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests

 

(4)(4)
Other
(19) 1


1

(35) 

(1)(1)
Balance at June 30, 2016942,370
(772) $22,015
$609
$822
$23,446
Balance at March 31, 2017995,453
(854) $25,094
$609
$1,293
$26,996
(*)RelatedPrimarily related to Southern Power Company and excludes redeemable noncontrolling interests. In April 2017, approximately $114 million was reclassified from redeemable noncontrolling interests to noncontrolling interests, included in stockholder's equity, due to the expiration of SunPower Corp's option to require Southern Power to purchase its membership interests in one of the solar partnerships. See Note 10 to the financial statements of Southern Power in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

(E)(F)FINANCING
Going Concern
As of June 30, 2017, Mississippi Power's current liabilities exceeded current assets by approximately $930 million primarily due to approximately $935 million that will be required through June 30, 2018 to fund maturities of long-term debt and $17 million that will be required to fund maturities of short-term debt. In addition, Mississippi Power has $40 million of tax-exempt variable rate demand obligations that are supported by short-term credit facilities and $50 million of fixed rate pollution control revenue bonds that are required to be remarketed over the next 12 months. Mississippi Power intends to utilize operating cash flows, lines of credit, and bank term loans, as market conditions permit, as well as, under certain circumstances, commercial paper and/or equity contributions and/or loans from Southern Company to fund Mississippi Power's short-term capital needs. Specifically, Mississippi Power has been informed by Southern Company that in the event sufficient funds are not available from external sources, Southern Company intends to provide Mississippi Power with loans and/or equity contributions sufficient to fund the remaining indebtedness scheduled to mature and other cash needs over the next 12 months. Therefore, Mississippi Power's financial statement presentation contemplates continuation of Mississippi Power as a going concern as a result of Southern Company's anticipated ongoing financial support of Mississippi Power. For additional information, see Notes 1 and 6 to the financial statements of Mississippi Power under "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" and "Going Concern," respectively, in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle."
DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings
See Note 6 to the financial statements of Southern Company and Georgia Power under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information regarding Georgia Power's loan guarantee agreement (Loan Guarantee Agreement) with the DOE and related multi-advance term loan facility (FFB Credit Facility) with the FFB.
On July 27, 2017, Georgia Power entered into an amendment to the Loan Guarantee Agreement (LGA Amendment) in connection with the DOE's consent to Georgia Power's entry into the Services Agreement and the related intellectual property licenses (IP Licenses). The purpose of the amendment is to clarify the operation of the Loan Guarantee Agreement pending Georgia Power's completion of its comprehensive schedule, cost-to-complete, and cancellation cost assessments being prepared as a result of the bankruptcy of the EPC Contractor (Cost Assessments).Agreement.
Under the terms of the Loan Guarantee Agreement, upon termination of the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, further advances are conditioned upon the DOE's approval of any agreements entered into in replacement of the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement. Under the terms of the LGA Amendment, Georgia Power will not request any advances unless and until such time as Georgia Power has (i) completed the Cost Assessments and made a determination to continue construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, (ii) delivered to the DOE an updated project schedule, construction budget, and other information, (iii) entered into one or more agreements with a construction contractor or contractors that will be primarily responsible for construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 and such agreements have been approved by the DOE (together with the Services Agreement and the IP Licenses, the Replacement EPC Arrangements), and (iv) entered into a further amendment to the Loan Guarantee Agreement with the DOE to reflect the Replacement EPC Arrangements.
Upon satisfaction of the conditions described above, advances may be requested under the FFB Credit Facility on a quarterly basis through 2020. The final maturity date for each advance under the FFB Credit Facility is February 20, 2044. Interest is payable quarterly and principal payments will begin on February 20, 2020. Borrowings under the FFB Credit Facility will bear interest at the applicable U.S. Treasury rate plus a spread equal to 0.375%.
In addition to the conditions described above, future advances are subject to satisfaction of customary conditions, as well as certification of compliance with the requirements of the Title XVII Loan Guarantee Program, accuracy of project-related representations and warranties, delivery of updated project-related information, absence of liens on Georgia Power's ownership interest in Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 other than permitted liens, evidence of compliance

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

with the prevailing wage requirements of the Davis-Bacon Act of 1931, as amended, and certification from the DOE's consulting engineer that proceeds of the advances are used to reimburse Eligible Project Costs.
Under the Loan Guarantee Agreement, Georgia Power is subject to customary borrower affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. In addition, Georgia Power is subject to project-related reporting requirements and other project-specific covenants and events of default.
In the event certain mandatory prepayment events occur, the FFB's commitment to make further advances under the FFB Credit Facility will terminate and Georgia Power will be required to prepay the outstanding principal amount of all borrowings under the FFB Credit Facility over a period of five years (with level principal amortization). Among other things, these mandatory prepayment events include (i) the termination of the Services Agreement or rejection of the Services Agreement in bankruptcy if Georgia Power does not maintain access to intellectual property rights under the IP Licenses; (ii) a decision by Georgia Power not to continue construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4; (iii) a failure by Georgia Power to complete the Cost Assessments or enter into Replacement EPC Arrangements by December 31, 2017; (iv) cancellation of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 by the Georgia PSC, or by Georgia Power if authorized by the Georgia PSC; and (v) cost disallowances by the Georgia PSC that could have a material adverse effect on completion of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 or Georgia Power's ability to repay the outstanding borrowings under the FFB Credit Facility. Under certain circumstances, insurance proceeds and any proceeds from an event of taking must be applied to immediately prepay outstanding borrowings under the FFB Credit Facility. In addition, under certain circumstances Georgia Power may be required to make additional prepayments in connection with its receipt of payments under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement or from the EPC Contractor under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement. Georgia Power also may voluntarily prepay outstanding borrowings under the FFB Credit Facility. Under the FFB Credit Facility, any prepayment (whether mandatory or optional) will be made with a make-whole premium or discount, as applicable.
See Note (B) under "Regulatory MattersGeorgia PowerNuclear Construction" for additional information regarding Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4.
Bank Credit Arrangements
Bank credit arrangements provide liquidity support to the registrants' commercial paper borrowings and the traditional electric operating companies' pollution control revenue bonds. The amount of variable rate pollution control revenue bonds of the traditional electric operating companies outstanding requiring liquidity support as of June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 was approximately $1.6$1.5 billion (comprised of approximately $890$854 million at Alabama Power, $550 million at Georgia Power, $82 million at Gulf Power, and $40 million at Mississippi Power). In June 2017, Georgia Power remarketed $318 million of variable rate pollution control bonds in index rate modes, reducing the liquidity support utilized under Georgia Power's bank credit arrangement. In addition, at June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, the traditional electric operating companies had approximately $626$437 million (comprised of approximately $436$120 million at Alabama Power, $192 million at Georgia Power, $140$75 million at Gulf Power, and $50 million at Mississippi Power) of pollution control revenue bonds outstanding that were required to be reofferedremarketed within the next 12 months. Subsequent to March 31, 2018, $55 million of these pollution control revenue bonds of Georgia Power were purchased and held by Georgia Power. See Note 6 to the financial statements of each registrant under "Bank Credit Arrangements" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and "Financing Activities" herein for additional information.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

The following table outlines the committed credit arrangements by company as of June 30, 2017:March 31, 2018:
Expires   
Executable Term
Loans
 
Expires Within
One Year
Expires   
Executable Term
Loans
 
Expires Within
One Year
Company20172018201920202022 Total Unused 
One
Year
 
Two
Years
 
Term
Out
 
No Term
Out
2018201920202022 Total Unused 
One
Year
 
Two
Years
 
Term
Out
 
No Term
Out
(in millions)(in millions)
Southern Company(a)
$
$
$
$
$2,000
 $2,000
 $2,000
 $
 $
 $
 $
$
$
$
$2,000
 $2,000
 $1,999
 $
 $
 $
 $
Alabama Power3
532


800
 1,335
 1,335
 
 
 
 35
35

500
800
 1,335
 1,335
 
 
 
 35
Georgia Power



1,750
 1,750
 1,732
 
 
 
 



1,750
 1,750
 1,736
 
 
 
 
Gulf Power30
195
25
30

 280
 280
 45
 
 
 40
20
25
235

 280
 280
 45
 
 20
 
Mississippi Power113




 113
 100
 
 13
 13
 100
100



 100
 100
 
 
 
 100
Southern Power Company(b)



750
 750
 675
 
 
 
 



750
 750
 728
 
 
 
 
Southern Company Gas(b)(c)




1,900
 1,900
 1,849
 
 
 
 



1,900
 1,900
 1,890
 
 
 
 
Other10
30



 40
 40
 20
 
 20
 20
30



 30
 30
 20
 
 20
 10
Southern Company Consolidated$156
$757
$25
$30
$7,200
 $8,168
 $8,011
 $65
 $13
 $33
 $195
$185
$25
$735
$7,200
 $8,145
 $8,098
 $65
 $
 $40
 $145
(a)Represents the Southern Company parent entity.
(b)
Does not include Southern Power's $120 million continuing letter of credit facility for standby letters of credit expiring in 2019, of which $21 million remains unused at March 31, 2018.
(c)
Southern Company Gas, as the parent entity, guarantees the obligations of Southern Company Gas Capital, which is the borrower of $1.21.4 billion of these arrangements. Southern Company Gas' committed credit arrangements also include $700500 million for which Nicor Gas is the borrower and which is restricted for working capital needs of Nicor Gas.
As reflected in the table above, in May 2017, Southern Company, Alabama Power, Georgia Power, and Southern Power Company each amended certain of their multi-year credit arrangements, which, among other things, extended the maturity dates from 2020 to 2022. Southern Company and Southern Power Company increased their borrowing ability under these arrangements to $2.0 billion from $1.25 billion and to $750 million from $600 million, respectively. Southern Company also terminated its $1.0 billion facility maturing in 2018. Also in May 2017, Southern Company Gas Capital and Nicor Gas terminated their existing credit arrangements for $1.3 billion and $700 million, respectively, which were to mature in 2017 and 2018, and entered into a new multi-year credit arrangement currently allocated for $1.2 billion and $700 million, respectively, with a maturity date of 2022.
Subject to applicable market conditions, Southern Company and its subsidiaries expect to renew or replace their bank credit arrangements as needed, prior to expiration. In connection therewith, Southern Company and its subsidiaries may extend the maturity dates and/or increase or decrease the lending commitments thereunder.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Financing Activities
The following table outlines the long-term debt financing activities for Southern Company and its subsidiaries for the first sixthree months of 2017:2018:
CompanySenior Note Issuances 
Senior
Note Maturities and Redemptions
 
Revenue
Bond
Maturities, Redemptions, and
Repurchases
 
Other
Long-Term
Debt
Issuances
 
Other
Long-Term Debt Redemptions
and
Maturities(a)
 (in millions)
Southern Company(b)
$300
 $
 $
 $500
 $400
Alabama Power550
 200
 
 
 
Georgia Power850
 450
 27
 
 3
Gulf Power300
 85
 
 6
 
Mississippi Power
 
 
 40
 893
Southern Power
 
 
 3
 3
Southern Company Gas(c)
450
 
 
 
 
Other
 
 
 
 8
Elimination(d)

 
 
 (40) (591)
Southern Company Consolidated$2,450
 $735
 $27
 $509
 $716
Company
Senior
Note
Issuances
 Revenue Bond
Maturities, Redemptions, and
Repurchases
 
Other Long-Term Debt Redemptions
and Maturities(*)
 (in millions)
Georgia Power$
 $278
 $102
Mississippi Power600
 
 900
Other
 
 3
Southern Company Consolidated$600
 $278
 $1,005
(a)(*)Includes reductions in capital lease obligations resulting from cash payments under capital leases.
(b)Represents the Southern Company parent entity.
(c)The senior notes were issued by Southern Company Gas Capital and guaranteed by the Southern Company Gas parent entity.
(d)Intercompany loans from Southern Company to Mississippi Power eliminated in Southern Company's Consolidated Financial Statements.
Southern Company
In June 2017, Southern Company issued $500 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2017A 5.325% Junior Subordinated Notes due June 21, 2057. The proceeds were used to repay short-term indebtedness and for other general corporate purposes.
Also in June 2017, Southern Company issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2017A Floating Rate Senior Notes due September 30, 2020, which bear interest at a floating rate based on three-month LIBOR. The proceeds were used to repay short-term indebtedness and for other general corporate purposes.
Also in June 2017,March 2018, Southern Company entered into two $100a $900 million aggregate principal amountshort-term floating rate bank term loan agreements, which mature on June 21, 2018 and June 29, 2018 and bearbearing interest based on one-month LIBOR. The proceeds were used for working capital and other general corporate purposes.
Alabama Power
In March 2017, Alabama Power issued $550 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2017A 2.45% Senior Notes due March 30, 2022. The proceeds were used to repay Alabama Power's short-term indebtedness and for general corporate purposes, including Alabama Power's continuous construction program.
Georgia Power
In March 2017,January 2018, Georgia Power issued $450repaid its outstanding $150 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2017A 2.00% Senior Notesand $100 million floating rate bank loans due March 30, 2020May 31, 2018 and $400 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2017B 3.25% Senior Notes due March 30, 2027. The proceeds were used to repay a portion of Georgia Power's short-term indebtedness and for general corporate purposes, including Georgia Power's continuous construction program.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

October 26, 2018, respectively.
In April 2017,March 2018, Georgia Power purchased and held $27$104.6 million aggregate principal amount of Development Authority of Burke County (Georgia) Pollution Control Revenue Bonds (Georgia Power Company Plant Vogtle Project), FifthFirst Series 1995.2013 and $173 million aggregate principal amount of Development Authority of Bartow County (Georgia) Pollution Control Revenue Bonds (Georgia Power Company Plant Bowen Project), First Series 2009. Georgia Power may reoffer these bonds to the public at a later date.
Mississippi Power
In June 2017, GeorgiaMarch 2018, Mississippi Power entered into three floating rate bank loans inissued $300 million aggregate principal amountsamount of $50 million, $150 million, and $100 million, which mature on December 1, 2017, May 31, 2018, and June 28, 2018, respectively, and bearSeries 2018A Floating Rate Senior Notes due March 27, 2020 bearing interest based on one-month LIBOR. Also in June 2017, Georgia Power borrowed $500three-month LIBOR and $300 million pursuant to an uncommitted bank credit arrangement, which bears interest at a rate agreed upon by Georgia Power and the bank from time to time and is payable on no less thanaggregate principal amount of Series 2018B 3.95% Senior Notes due March 30, days' demand by the bank. The proceeds from these bank loans were used to repay a portion of Georgia Power's existing indebtedness and for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including Georgia Power's continuous construction program.
Gulf Power
2028. In March 2017, Gulf2018, Mississippi Power extended the maturity ofalso entered into a $100$300 million short-term floating rate bank loan bearing interest based on one-month LIBOR, of which $125 million was repaid subsequent to March 31, 2018. Mississippi Power used the proceeds from April 2017these financings to October 2017 and subsequentlyrepay the entire $900 million principal amount of its unsecured term loan.
Southern Company Gas
On January 4, 2018, Southern Company Gas issued a floating rate promissory note to Southern Company in an aggregate principal amount of $100 million bearing interest based on one-month LIBOR. On March 28, 2018, Southern Company Gas repaid the loan in May 2017.this promissory note.
In May 2017, Gulf Power issued $300Subsequent to March 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings caused $20 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2017A 3.30% Senior Notes duegas facility revenue bonds to be redeemed and provided notice of its intent to cause, on May 30, 2027. The proceeds, together with other funds, were used to repay at maturity $8523, 2018, the remaining $180 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2007A 5.90% Senior Notes due June 15, 2017;gas facility revenue bonds issued for its benefit to repay outstanding commercial paper borrowings;be redeemed. Subsequent to repayMarch 31, 2018, Pivotal Utility Holdings, as borrower, and Southern Company Gas, as guarantor, entered into a $100$181 million short-term delayed draw floating rate bank term loan as discussed above; andagreement. Pivotal Utility Holdings has the right to redeem 550,000 shares ($55borrow up to $181 million aggregate liquidation amount)on or before May 31, 2018, upon satisfaction of Gulf Power's 6.00% Series Preference Stock, 450,000 shares ($45 million aggregate liquidation amount) of Gulf Power's Series 2007A 6.45% Preference Stock, and 500,000 shares ($50 million aggregate liquidation amount) of Gulf Power's Series 2013A 5.60% Preference Stock.
Mississippi Power
In March 2017, Mississippi Power issued a $9 million short-term bank note bearing interest at 5% per annum, which was repaid in April 2017.
In February 2017, Mississippi Power amended $551 million in promissory notes to Southern Company extending the maturity dates of the notes from December 1, 2017 to July 31, 2018. In the second quarter 2017, Mississippi Power borrowed an additional $40 million under a promissory note issued to Southern Company.
In June 2017, Southern Company made equity contributions totaling $1.0 billion to Mississippi Power. Mississippi Power used a portion ofcertain customary conditions. Pivotal Utility Holdings expects the proceeds to (i) prepay $300 million of the outstanding principal amount under its $1.2 billion unsecured term loan, which matures on March 30, 2018; (ii) repay all of the $591 million outstanding principal amount of promissory notes to Southern Company; and (iii) repay a $10 million short-term bank loan.
Southern Company Gas
In May 2017, Southern Company Gas Capital issued $450 million aggregate principal amount of Series 2017A 4.40% Senior Notes due May 30, 2047. The proceeds werebe used to repay Southern Company Gas' short-term indebtedness and for general corporate purposes.the remaining $180 million of gas facility revenue bonds.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

(F)(G)RETIREMENT BENEFITS
On January 1, 2018, the qualified defined benefit pension plan of Southern Company Gas was merged into the qualified defined benefit pension plan of Southern Company. Following the plan merger, Southern Company has a qualified defined benefit, trusteed, pension plan covering substantially all employees, with the exception of employees at Southern Company Gas, as discussed below, and PowerSecure. The Southern Company qualified defined benefit pension plan is funded in accordance with requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA). No mandatory contributions to the Southern Company qualified defined benefit pension plan are anticipated for the year ending December 31, 2017.2018.
In addition, the Southern Company also providesGas non-qualified retirement plans were merged into the Southern Company non-qualified retirement plan (defined benefit and defined contribution). Following the non-qualified retirement plan mergers, Southern Company continues to provide certain non-qualified defined benefit pension plansbenefits for a selectedselect group of management and highly compensated employees. Benefits under these non-qualified pension plansemployees, which are funded on a cash basis. In addition,
Furthermore, Southern Company provides certain medical care and life insurance benefits for retired employees through other postretirement benefit plans. The traditional electric

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

operating companies fund related other postretirement trusts to the extent required by their respective regulatory commissions.
In addition, Southern Company Gas has a qualified defined benefit, trusteed, pension plan covering certain eligible employees, which was closed in 2012 to new employees. This qualified pension plan is funded in accordance with requirements of ERISA. No mandatory contributions to the Southern Company Gas qualified pension plan are anticipated for the year ending December 31, 2017. Southern Company Gas also provides certain non-qualified defined benefit and defined contribution pension plans for a selected group of management and highly compensated employees. Benefits under these non-qualified pension plans are funded on a cash basis. In addition, Southern Company Gas provides certain medical care and life insurance benefits for eligible retired employees through a postretirement benefit plan. Southern Company Gas also has a separate unfunded supplemental retirement health care plan that provides medical care and life insurance benefits to employees of discontinued businesses.
As indicated in Note (A), the registrants adopted ASU 2017-07 as of January 1, 2018. ASU 2017-07 requires that an employer report the service cost component of net periodic benefit costs in the same line item or items as other compensation costs and requires the other components of net periodic benefit costs to be separately presented in the statements of income outside of income from operations. The presentation requirements of ASU 2017-07 have been applied retrospectively with the service cost component of net periodic benefit costs included in operations and maintenance and all other components of net periodic benefit costs included in other income (expense), net in the statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2017.
With respect to the presentation requirements, the registrants have used the practical expedient provided by ASU 2017-07, which permits an employer to use the amounts disclosed in its retirement benefits footnote for prior comparative periods as the estimation basis for applying the retrospective presentation requirements to those periods. The amounts of the other components of net periodic benefit costs reclassified for the prior period are presented in the following tables.
See Note 2 to the financial statements of Southern Company, Alabama Power, Georgia Power, Gulf Power, Mississippi Power, and Southern Company Gaseach registrant in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Components of the net periodic benefit costs for the three and six months ended June 30,March 31, 2018 and 2017 and 2016 are presented in the following tables.
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Southern
Company
 
Alabama
Power
 
Georgia
Power
 
Gulf
Power
 
Mississippi
Power
 Southern Power Southern Company Gas
(in millions)
Pension Plans
Southern
Company
 
Alabama
Power
 
Georgia
Power
 
Gulf
Power
 
Mississippi
Power
Pension Plans
(in millions)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017         
Service cost$74
 $16
 $18
 $4
 $3
$90
 $19
 $22
 $4
 $4
 $2
 $8
Interest cost113
 24
 35
 5
 5
116
 25
 35
 5
 5
 1
 10
Expected return on plan assets(225) (49) (70) (9) (10)(236) (51) (74) (10) (10) (3) (18)
Amortization:                      
Prior service costs3
 
 1
 
 1
1
 
 
 
 
 
 (1)
Regulatory asset
 
 
 
 
 
 3
Net (gain)/loss41
 11
 14
 1
 2
53
 14
 17
 2
 3
 1
 3
Net periodic pension cost (income)$6
 $2
 $(2) $1
 $1
$24
 $7
 $
 $1
 $2
 $1
 $5
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017         
Postretirement BenefitsPostretirement Benefits
Service cost$147
 $32
 $37
 $7
 $7
$6
 $1
 $2
 $
 $
 $
 $1
Interest cost227
 48
 69
 10
 10
19
 4
 7
 1
 1
 
 2
Expected return on plan assets(449) (98) (141) (19) (20)(17) (6) (6) 
 
 
 (2)
Amortization:                      
Prior service costs6
 1
 2
 
 1
2
 1
 
 
 
 
 
Regulatory asset
 
 
 
 
 
 1
Net (gain)/loss81
 21
 28
 3
 4
3
 
 2
 
 
 
 
Net periodic pension cost (income)$12
 $4
 $(5) $1
 $2
Three Months Ended June 30, 2016         
Service cost$62
 $15
 $18
 $3
 $3
Interest cost101
 24
 34
 4
 5
Expected return on plan assets(187) (46) (65) (8) (8)
Amortization:         
Prior service costs3
 
 2
 1
 
Net (gain)/loss37
 10
 13
 1
 1
Net periodic pension cost$16
 $3
 $2
 $1
 $1
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016         
Service cost$124
 $29
 $35
 $6
 $6
Interest cost201
 48
 68
 9
 10
Expected return on plan assets(374) (92) (129) (17) (17)
Amortization:         
Prior service costs7
 1
 3
 1
 
Net (gain)/loss75
 20
 27
 3
 3
Net periodic pension cost$33
 $6
 $4
 $2
 $2
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost$13
 $
 $5
 $1
 $1
 $
 $2

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Three Months Ended
March 31, 2017(*)
Southern
Company
 
Alabama
Power
 
Georgia
Power
 
Gulf
Power
 
Mississippi
Power
 Southern Company Gas
(in millions)
Pension Plans
Southern
Company
Gas
Pension Plans
(in millions)
Successor – Three Months Ended June 30, 2017 
Service cost$5
$73

$16

$19

$3

$4

$6
Interest cost10
114

24

34

5

5

10
Expected return on plan assets(17)(224)
(49)
(71)
(10)
(10)
(18)
Amortization:            
Prior service costs(1)3

1

1






Net (gain)/loss5
40

10

14

2

2

5
Net periodic pension cost$2
Successor – Six Months Ended June 30, 2017 
Net periodic pension cost (income)$6

$2

$(3)
$

$1

$3
Postretirement BenefitsPostretirement Benefits
Service cost$11
$6
 $1
 $2
 $
 $
 $1
Interest cost20
20
 5
 7
 1
 1
 3
Expected return on plan assets(35)(16) (6) (6) 
 
 (2)
Amortization:            
Prior service costs(1)2
 1
 
 
 
 (1)
Net (gain)/loss10
2
 
 2
 
 
 1
Net periodic pension cost$5
 
 
Predecessor – Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 
Service cost$7
Interest cost11
Expected return on plan assets(17)
Amortization: 
Prior service costs(1)
Net (gain)/loss7
Net periodic pension cost$7
Predecessor – Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 
Service cost$13
Interest cost21
Expected return on plan assets(33)
Amortization: 
Prior service costs(1)
Net (gain)/loss13
Net periodic pension cost$13
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost$14
 $1
 $5
 $1
 $1
 $2

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Postretirement Benefits
Southern
Company
 
Alabama
Power
 
Georgia
Power
 
Gulf
Power
 
Mississippi
Power
 (in millions)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017         
Service cost$6
 $2
 $1
 $1
 $1
Interest cost20
 4
 8
 
 1
Expected return on plan assets(17) (8) (6) (1) (1)
Amortization:         
Prior service costs1
 1
 1
 
 
Net (gain)/loss5
 1
 1
 
 
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost$15
 $
 $5
 $
 $1
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017         
Service cost$12
 $3
 $3
 $1
 $1
Interest cost40
 9
 15
 1
 2
Expected return on plan assets(33) (14) (12) (1) (1)
Amortization:         
Prior service costs3
 2
 1
 
 
Net (gain)/loss7
 1
 3
 
 
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost$29
 $1
 $10
 $1
 $2
Three Months Ended June 30, 2016         
Service cost$6
 $2
 $1
 $1
 $1
Interest cost17
 4
 7
 
 1
Expected return on plan assets(14) (7) (5) (1) (1)
Amortization:         
Prior service costs1
 1
 1
 
 
Net (gain)/loss4
 1
 2
 
 
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost$14
 $1
 $6
 $
 $1
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016         
Service cost$11
 $3
 $3
 $1
 $1
Interest cost35
 9
 15
 1
 2
Expected return on plan assets(28) (13) (11) (1) (1)
Amortization:         
Prior service costs3
 2
 1
 
 
Net (gain)/loss7
 1
 4
 
 
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost$28
 $2
 $12
 $1
 $2

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Postretirement Benefits
Southern
Company
Gas
 (in millions)
Successor – Three Months Ended June 30, 2017 
Service cost$
Interest cost2
Expected return on plan assets(1)
Amortization: 
Prior service costs
Net (gain)/loss1
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost$2
Successor – Six Months Ended June 30, 2017 
Service cost$1
Interest cost5
Expected return on plan assets(3)
Amortization: 
Prior service costs(1)
Net (gain)/loss2
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost$4
  
  
Predecessor – Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 
Service cost$
Interest cost2
Expected return on plan assets(1)
Amortization: 
Prior service costs
Net (gain)/loss1
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost$2
Predecessor – Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 
Service cost$1
Interest cost5
Expected return on plan assets(3)
Amortization: 
Prior service costs(1)
Net (gain)/loss2
Net periodic postretirement benefit cost$4
(*)Excludes Southern Power since Southern Power did not participate in the qualified pension and postretirement benefit plans until December 2017.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

(G)(H)INCOME TAXES
See Note 5 to the financial statements of each registrant in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional tax information.
Federal Tax Reform Legislation
Following the enactment of the Tax Reform Legislation, the SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 118 – "Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act" (SAB 118), which provides for a measurement period of up to one year from the enactment date to complete accounting under GAAP for the tax effects of the legislation. Due to the complex and comprehensive nature of the enacted tax law changes, and their application under GAAP, the registrants consider all amounts recorded in the financial statements as a result of the Tax Reform Legislation to be "provisional" as discussed in SAB 118 and subject to revision. Each of the registrants are awaiting additional guidance from industry and income tax authorities in order to finalize its accounting. The ultimate impact of the Tax Reform Legislation on deferred income tax assets and liabilities and the related regulatory assets and liabilities cannot be determined at this time. See Note (B) under "Regulatory Matters" for additional information.
Current and Deferred Income Taxes
Tax Credit Carryforwards
Southern Company had federal ITC and PTC carryforwards (primarily related to Southern Power) totaling $1.9$2.3 billion as of June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 compared to $1.8$2.1 billion as of December 31, 2016.2017.
The federal ITC carryforwards begin expiring in 2034 but are expected to be fully utilized by 2027. The PTC carryforwards begin expiring in 2032 but are expected to be fully utilized by 2022.2027. The PTC carryforwards begin expiring in 2036 but are expectedestimated tax credit utilization reflects a 2018 abandonment loss related to be utilized by 2022.certain Kemper County energy facility expenditures. The expected utilization of tax credit carryforwards could be further delayed by numerous factors. These factors, includeincluding the acquisition of additional renewable projects and increased generation at existing wind facilities, carrying back the federal net operating loss, and potential tax reform legislation, as well as additional deductions in the event of an asset abandonment.facilities. The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Valuation AllowancesEffective Tax Rate
At June 30, 2017, valuation allowances wereEach registrant's effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2018 varied significantly as follows:
 Mississippi Power 
Southern Company
Gas
 Southern Company
 (in millions)
Federal$
 $18
 $18
State (net of federal benefit)46
 1
 63
Balance at June 30, 2017$46
 $19
 $81
Southern Company had valuation allowances, net of the federal benefit, of $81 million at June 30, 2017 compared to $21 million at December 31, 2016. The increase was primarilythe corresponding period in 2017 due to Mississippi Power's projected inability to utilize the State of Mississippi net operating loss.
Effective14% lower 2018 federal tax rate resulting from the Tax RateReform Legislation.
Southern Company
Southern Company's effective tax rate is typically lower than the statutory rate due to employee stock plans' dividend deduction, non-taxable AFUDC equity, and federal income tax benefits from ITCs and PTCs.
Southern Company's effective tax (benefit) rate was (28.6)%10.8% for the sixthree months ended June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 compared to 29.4%32.1% for the corresponding period in 2016.2017. The effective tax rate decrease was primarily due to the estimated probable losses on the Kemper IGCC, netlower federal tax rate in 2018 as a result of the non-deductible AFUDC equity portion. Other factors include an increase inTax Reform Legislation, as well as net state income tax benefits from wind PTCs andrelated to changes in state apportionment rate changes, partially offset by a decrease in tax benefitsrates arising from ITCs and an increase in state valuation allowances.the reorganization of Southern Power's legal entities as discussed further herein.
Southern Company recognizes PTCs when wind energy is generated and sold (using the prescribed KWH rate in applicable federal and state statutes), which may differ significantly from amounts computed on a quarterly basis using an overall estimated annual effective income tax rate. Southern Company uses this method of recognition since the amount of PTCs can be significantly impacted by wind generation. This method can significantly affect the effective income tax rate for the period depending on the amount of pretax income.
Mississippi Power
Mississippi Power's effective tax (benefit) rate was (30.5)(34.7)% for the sixthree months ended June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 compared to (208.1)(58.7)% for the corresponding period in 2016. The2017. In addition to the reduction in the federal corporate income tax rate as a result of the Tax Reform Legislation, the effective tax rate increase was primarily due to thelower estimated losses

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

probable losses on the Kemper IGCC net offor the three months ended March 31, 2018 compared to the corresponding period in 2017, partially offset by non-deductible AFUDC equity portion and the related state valuation allowances.in 2017.
Southern Power
Southern Power's effective tax (benefit) rate was (114.7)(647.0)% for the sixthree months ended June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 compared to (74.0)(385.9)% for the corresponding period in 2016. The2017. In addition to the reduction in the federal corporate income tax rate as a result of the Tax Reform Legislation, the effective tax rate decrease was primarily due to additional PTCsnet state income tax benefits related to certain changes in apportionment rates arising from the reorganization of Southern Power's wind facility acquisitions, state apportionment rate changes, and lower pre-tax earnings, partially offset by a decrease in tax benefits from ITCs.legal entities as described below.
Southern Power recognizes PTCs when wind energy is generated and sold (using the prescribed KWH rate in applicable federal and state statutes), which may differ significantly from amounts computed on a quarterly basis using an overall estimated annual effective income tax rate. Southern Power uses this method of recognition since the amount of PTCs can be significantly impacted by wind generation. This method can significantly affect the effective income tax rate for the period depending on the amount of pretax income.
Legal Entity Reorganization
In March 2018, Southern Power substantially completed a legal entity reorganization of various direct and indirect subsidiaries that own and operate substantially all of its solar facilities, including certain subsidiaries owned in partnership with various third parties. The reorganization resulted in net state tax benefits related to certain changes in apportionment rates totaling approximately $50 million, which were recorded in the first quarter 2018. In April 2018, Southern Power completed the final stage of the reorganization resulting in additional net state tax benefits of approximately $4 million.
Unrecognized Tax Benefits
See Note 5 to the financial statements of each registrant under "Unrecognized Tax Benefits" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Changes during the six months ended June 30, 2017 forThe registrants had no unrecognized tax benefits were as follows:
 Mississippi Power Southern Power Southern Company
 (in millions)
Unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2016$465
 $17
 $484
Tax positions from current periods3
 1
 10
Tax positions from prior periods
 1
 7
Balance as of June 30, 2017$468
 $19
 $501
The tax positions from current and prior periods primarily relate to state tax benefits and charitable contribution carryforwards that will be impacted as a result of the proposed settlement of R&E expenditures associated with the Kemper IGCC. See "Section 174 Research and Experimental Deduction" herein for additional information. These amounts are presented on a gross basis without considering the related federal or state income tax impact.
The impact on the effective tax rate, if recognized, is as follows:
 As of June 30, 2017 As of December 31, 2016
 Mississippi Power Southern Power Southern Company Southern Company
 (in millions)
Tax positions impacting the effective tax rate$4
 $19
 $37
 $20
Tax positions not impacting the effective tax rate464
 
 464
 464
Balance of unrecognized tax benefits$468
 $19
 $501
 $484
The tax positions impacting the effective tax rate primarily relate to federal deferred income tax credits and Southern Company's estimate of the uncertainty related to the amount of those benefits, and state tax benefits and charitable contribution carryforwards that will be impacted as a result of the proposed settlement of R&E expenditures associated with the Kemper IGCC. See "Section 174 Research and Experimental Deduction" herein for additional information. If these tax positions are not able to be recognized due to a federal audit adjustment in

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

the amount that has been estimated, the amount of tax credit carryforwards discussed above would be reduced by approximately $98 million.
Accrued interest for all tax positions other than the Section 174 R&E deductions was immaterial for all periods presented.
All of the registrants classify interest on tax uncertainties as interest expense. None of the registrants accrued any penalties on uncertain tax positions.
March 31, 2018. It is reasonably possible that the amount of the unrecognized tax benefits could change within 12 months. The settlement of federal and state audits and the U.S. Congress Joint Committee on Taxation approval of the R&E expenditures associated with the Kemper IGCC could impact the balances significantly. At this time, an estimate of the range of reasonably possible outcomes cannot be determined. See "Section 174 Research and Experimental Deduction" herein for more information.
The IRS has finalized its audits of Southern Company's consolidated federal income tax returns through 2012. Southern Company has filed its 2013, 2014, and 2015 federal income tax returns and has received partial acceptance letters from the IRS; however, the IRS has not finalized its audits. Southern Company is a participant in the Compliance Assurance Process of the IRS. In addition, the pre-Merger Southern Company Gas 2014 federal tax return is currently under audit. The audits for Southern Company's state income tax returns have either been concluded, or the statute of limitations has expired, for years prior to 2011.
Section 174 Research and Experimental Deduction
Southern Company reflected deductions for R&E expenditures related to the Kemper IGCC in its federal income tax calculations since 2013 and filed amended federal income tax returns for 2008 through 2013 to also include such deductions.
The Kemper IGCC is based on first-of-a-kind technology, and Southern Company and Mississippi Power believe that a significant portion of the plant costs qualify as deductible R&E expenditures under IRC Section 174. In December 2016, Southern Company and the IRS reached a proposed settlement, subject to approval of the U.S. Congress Joint Committee on Taxation, resolving a methodology for these deductions. Due to the uncertainty related to this tax position, Southern Company and Mississippi Power had unrecognized tax benefits associated with these R&E deductions totaling approximately $464 million and associated interest of $36 million as of June 30, 2017. If the suspension of the Kemper IGCC start-up activities results in an abandonment, any amount not allowed under IRC Section 174 would be claimed as a deduction under IRC Section 165, and would result in a reversal of the related unrecognized tax benefits, excluding interest. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
(H)(I)DERIVATIVES
Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas are exposed to market risks, including commodity price risk, interest rate risk, weather risk, and occasionally foreign currency exchange rate risk. To manage the volatility attributable to these exposures, each company nets its exposures, where possible, to take advantage of natural offsets and enters into various derivative transactions for the remaining exposures pursuant to each company's policies in areas such as counterparty exposure and risk management practices. Southern Company Gas' wholesale gas operations use various contracts in its commercial activities that generally meet the definition of derivatives. For the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas' other businesses, each company's policy is that derivatives are to be used primarily for hedging purposes and mandates strict adherence to all applicable risk management policies. Derivative positions are monitored using techniques including, but not limited to, market valuation, value at risk, stress testing, and sensitivity analysis. Derivative instruments are recognized at fair value in the balance sheets as either assets or liabilities and are presented on a net basis. See Note (C)(D) for additional information. In the statements of cash flows, the cash impacts of settled energy-related and interest rate derivatives are recorded as operating activities. The cash

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

impacts of settled foreign currency derivatives are classified as operating or financing activities to correspond with classification of the hedged interest or principal, respectively.
The registrants adopted ASU 2017-12 as of January 1, 2018. See Note (A) under "Recently Adopted Accounting Standards – Other" for additional information.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Energy-Related Derivatives
Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas enter into energy-related derivatives to hedge exposures to electricity, natural gas, and other fuel price changes. However, due to cost-based rate regulations and other various cost recovery mechanisms, the traditional electric operating companies and the natural gas distribution utilities have limited exposure to market volatility in energy-related commodity prices. Each of the traditional electric operating companies and certain of the natural gas distribution utilities of Southern Company Gas manage fuel-hedging programs, implemented per the guidelines of their respective state PSCs or other applicable state regulatory agencies, through the use of financial derivative contracts, which is expected to continue to mitigate price volatility. The Florida PSC extended the moratorium on Gulf Power's fuel-hedging program throughuntil January 1, 2021 in connection with the 2017 Gulf Power Rate Case Settlement Agreement. The moratorium does not have an impact on the recovery of existing hedges entered into under the previously-approved hedging program. The traditional electric operating companies (with respect to wholesale generating capacity) and Southern Power have limited exposure to market volatility in energy-related commodity prices because their long-term sales contracts shift substantially all fuel cost responsibility to the purchaser. However, the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power may be exposed to market volatility in energy-related commodity prices to the extent any uncontracted capacity is used to sell electricity. Southern Company Gas retains exposure to price changes that can, in a volatile energy market, be material and can adversely affect its results of operations.
Southern Company Gas also enters into weather derivative contracts as economic hedges of operating margins in the event of warmer-than-normal weather. Exchange-traded options are carried at fair value, with changes reflected in operating revenues. Non exchange-traded options are accounted for using the intrinsic value method. Changes in the intrinsic value for non-exchange-traded contracts are reflected in the statements of income.
Energy-related derivative contracts are accounted for under one of three methods:
Regulatory Hedges — Energy-related derivative contracts which are designated as regulatory hedges relate primarily to the traditional electric operating companies' and the natural gas distribution utilities' fuel-hedging programs, where gains and losses are initially recorded as regulatory liabilities and assets, respectively, and then are included in fuel expense as the underlying fuel is used in operations and ultimately recovered through the respective fuel cost recovery clauses.
Cash Flow Hedges — Gains and losses on energy-related derivatives designated as cash flow hedges (which are mainly used to hedge anticipated purchases and sales) are initially deferred in OCI before being recognized in the statements of income in the same period and in the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged transactions are reflected in earnings.transactions.
Not Designated — Gains and losses on energy-related derivative contracts that are not designated or fail to qualify as hedges are recognized in the statements of income as incurred.
Some energy-related derivative contracts require physical delivery as opposed to financial settlement, and this type of derivative is both common and prevalent within the electric and natural gas industries. When an energy-related derivative contract is settled physically, any cumulative unrealized gain or loss is reversed and the contract price is recognized in the respective line item representing the actual price of the underlying goods being delivered.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, the net volume of energy-related derivative contracts for natural gas positions for the Southern Company system, together with the longest hedge date over which the respective entity is hedging its exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecasted transactions and the longest non-hedge date for derivatives not designated as hedges, were as follows:
Net
Purchased
mmBtu
 
Longest
Hedge
Date
 
Longest
Non-Hedge
Date
Net
Purchased
mmBtu
 
Longest
Hedge
Date
 
Longest
Non-Hedge
Date
(in millions) (in millions) 
Southern Company(*)
472 2021 2024670 2021 2026
Alabama Power70 2020 74 2021 
Georgia Power160 2020 167 2021 
Gulf Power35 2020 17 2020 
Mississippi Power41 2021 59 2021 
Southern Power25 2017 14 2020 2018
Southern Company Gas(*)
141 2019 2024339 2020 2026
(*)Southern Company's and Southern Company Gas' derivative instruments include both long and short natural gas positions. A long position is a contract to purchase natural gas and a short position is a contract to sell natural gas. Southern Company Gas' volume represents the net of long natural gas positions of 3.53.6 billion mmBtu and short natural gas positions of 3.43.3 billion mmBtu as of June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, which is also included in Southern Company's total volume.
In addition to the volumes discussed above, the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power enter into physical natural gas supply contracts that provide the option to sell back excess gas due to operational constraints. The maximum expected volume of natural gas subject to such a feature is 31 million mmBtu for Southern Company, 105 million mmbtummBtu for Alabama Power, 9 million mmBtu for Georgia Power, and Southern Power, 5 million mmbtu for Alabama Power, and 3 million mmBtu for Gulf Power, 4 million mmBtu for Mississippi Power, and Mississippi10 million mmBtu for Southern Power.
For cash flow hedges of energy-related derivatives, the amounts expected to be reclassified from accumulated OCI to earnings for the next 12-month period ending June 30, 2018March 31, 2019 are $6 million for Southern Power and immaterial for all other registrants.
Interest Rate Derivatives
Southern Company and certain subsidiaries may also enter into interest rate derivatives to hedge exposure to changes in interest rates. The derivatives employed as hedging instruments are structured to minimize ineffectiveness. Derivatives related to existing variable rate securities or forecasted transactions are accounted for as cash flow hedges where the effective portion of the derivatives' fair value gains or losses isare recorded in OCI and isare reclassified into earnings at the same time and presented on the same income statement line item as the earnings effect of the hedged transactions affect earnings, with any ineffectiveness recorded directly to earnings.transactions. Derivatives related to existing fixed rate securities are accounted for as fair value hedges, where the derivatives' fair value gains or losses and hedged items' fair value gains or losses are both recorded directly to earnings providing an offset, with any difference representing ineffectiveness.on the same income statement line item. Fair value gains or losses on derivatives that are not designated or fail to qualify as hedges are recognized in the statements of income as incurred.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, the following interest rate derivatives were outstanding:
Notional
Amount
 
Interest
Rate
Received
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate Paid
Hedge
Maturity
Date
 Fair Value
Gain (Loss) at June 30, 2017
Notional
Amount
 
Interest
Rate
Received
Weighted
Average
Interest
Rate Paid
Hedge
Maturity
Date
 Fair Value Gain (Loss) at March 31, 2018
(in millions)   (in millions)(in millions)   (in millions)
Cash Flow Hedges of Existing Debt  
Mississippi Power$900
 1-month
LIBOR 
0.79%March 2018 $3
Fair Value Hedges of Existing DebtFair Value Hedges of Existing Debt  Fair Value Hedges of Existing Debt  
Southern Company(*)
250
 1.30%3-month
LIBOR + 0.17%
August 2017 
Southern Company(*)
300
 2.75%3-month
LIBOR + 0.92%
June 2020 1
$300
 2.75%3-month
LIBOR + 0.92%
June 2020 $(5)
Southern Company(*)
1,500
 2.35%1-month
LIBOR + 0.87%
July 2021 (14)1,500
 2.35%1-month
LIBOR + 0.87%
July 2021 (50)
Georgia Power250
 5.40%3-month
LIBOR + 4.02%
June 2018 
250
 5.40%3-month
LIBOR + 4.02%
June 2018 (1)
Georgia Power500
 1.95%3-month
LIBOR + 0.76%
December 2018 (2)500
 1.95%3-month
LIBOR + 0.76%
December 2018 (4)
Georgia Power200
 4.25%3-month
LIBOR + 2.46%
December 2019 1
200
 4.25%3-month
LIBOR + 2.46%
December 2019 (2)
Southern Company Consolidated$3,900
 $(11)$2,750
 $(62)
(*)Represents the Southern Company parent entity.
The estimated pre-tax gains (losses) related to interest rate derivatives expected to be reclassified from accumulated OCI to interest expense for the next 12-month period ending June 30, 2018March 31, 2019 are $(21)$(20) million for Southern Company and immaterial for all other registrants. Southern Company and certain subsidiaries have deferred gains and losses expected to be amortized into earnings through 2046.
Foreign Currency Derivatives
Southern Company and certain subsidiaries may also enter into foreign currency derivatives to hedge exposure to changes in foreign currency exchange rates, such as that arising from the issuance of debt denominated in a currency other than U.S. dollars. Derivatives related to forecasted transactions are accounted for as cash flow hedges where the effective portion of the derivatives' fair value gains or losses isare recorded in OCI and isare reclassified into earnings at the same time thatand on the same income statement line as the earnings effect of the hedged transactions, affect earnings, including foreign currency gains or losses arising from changes in the U.S. currency exchange rates. Any ineffectiveness is recorded directly to earnings. The derivatives employed as hedging instruments are structured to minimize ineffectiveness.
At March 31, 2018, the following foreign currency derivatives were outstanding:

Pay NotionalPay RateReceive NotionalReceive RateHedge
Maturity Date
Fair Value Gain (Loss) at March 31, 2018

(in millions) (in millions)  (in millions)
Cash Flow Hedges of Existing Debt     
Southern Power$677
2.95%600
1.00%June 2022$83
Southern Power564
3.78%500
1.85%June 202677
Total$1,241
 1,100
  $160

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

At June 30, 2017, the following foreign currency derivatives were outstanding:

Pay NotionalPay RateReceive NotionalReceive RateHedge
Maturity Date
Fair Value
Gain (Loss) at June 30, 2017

(in millions) (in millions)  (in millions)
Cash Flow Hedges of Existing Debt     
Southern Power$677
2.95%600
1.00%June 2022$18
Southern Power564
3.78%500
1.85%June 202615
Total$1,241
 1,100
  $33
The estimated pre-tax gains (losses) related to foreign currency derivatives that will be reclassified from accumulated OCI to earnings for the next 12-month period ending June 30, 2018March 31, 2019 are $(23)$(22) million for Southern Company and Southern Power.
Derivative Financial Statement Presentation and Amounts
Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas enter into derivative contracts that may contain certain provisions that permit intra-contract netting of derivative receivables and payables for routine billing and offsets related to events of default and settlements. Southern Company and certain subsidiaries also utilize master netting agreements to mitigate exposure to counterparty credit risk. These agreements may contain provisions that permit netting across product lines and against cash collateral. The fair value amounts of derivative assets and liabilities on the balance sheet are presented net to the extent that there are netting arrangements or similar agreements with the counterparties.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

The fair value of energy-related derivatives, interest rate derivatives, and foreign currency derivatives was reflected in the balance sheets as follows:
As of June 30, 2017As of December 31, 2016As of March 31, 2018As of December 31, 2017
Derivative Category and Balance Sheet LocationAssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilities
(in millions)(in millions)
Southern Company  
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments for regulatory purposes  
Energy-related derivatives:  
Other current assets/Liabilities from risk management activities, net of collateral$23
$35
$73
$27
Other current assets/Other current liabilities$7
$28
$10
$43
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities8
31
25
33
4
27
7
24
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments for regulatory purposes$31
$66
$98
$60
$11
$55
$17
$67
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments in cash flow and fair value hedges  
Energy-related derivatives:  
Other current assets/Liabilities from risk management activities, net of collateral$13
$10
$23
$7
Other current assets/Other current liabilities$3
$3
$3
$14
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities1
1


Interest rate derivatives:  
Other current assets/Liabilities from risk management activities, net of collateral11
1
12
1
Other current assets/Other current liabilities
14
1
4
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities
22
1
28

47

34
Foreign currency derivatives:  
Other current assets/Liabilities from risk management activities, net of collateral
23

25
Other current assets/Other current liabilities
22

23
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities56


33
182

129

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments in cash flow and fair value hedges$80
$56
$36
$94
$186
$87
$133
$75
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments  
Energy-related derivatives:  
Other current assets/Liabilities from risk management activities, net of collateral$237
$202
$489
$483
Other current assets/Other current liabilities$283
$299
$380
$437
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities102
86
66
81
234
284
170
215
Interest rate derivatives: 
Other current assets/Liabilities from risk management activities, net of collateral

1

Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments$339
$288
$556
$564
$517
$583
$550
$652
Gross amounts recognized$450
$410
$690
$718
$714
$725
$700
$794
Gross amounts offset(*)
$(219)$(290)$(462)$(524)
Net amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets$231
$120
$228
$194
Gross amounts offset(a)
$(336)$(559)$(405)$(598)
Net amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets(b)
$378
$166
$295
$196
 

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

As of June 30, 2017As of December 31, 2016As of March 31, 2018As of December 31, 2017
Derivative Category and Balance Sheet LocationAssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilities
(in millions)(in millions)
 
Alabama Power  
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments for regulatory purposes  
Energy-related derivatives:  
Other current assets/Liabilities from risk management activities$7
$7
$13
$5
Other current assets/Other current liabilities$2
$3
$2
$6
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities2
4
7
4
1
5
2
4
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments for regulatory purposes$9
$11
$20
$9
$3
$8
$4
$10
Gross amounts recognized$9
$11
$20
$9
$3
$8
$4
$10
Gross amounts offset$(6)$(6)$(8)$(8)$(2)$(2)$(4)$(4)
Net amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets$3
$5
$12
$1
$1
$6
$
$6
  
Georgia Power  
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments for regulatory purposes  
Energy-related derivatives:  
Other current assets/Other current liabilities$10
$4
$30
$1
$3
$6
$2
$9
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities5
10
14
7
2
12
4
10
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments for regulatory purposes$15
$14
$44
$8
$5
$18
$6
$19
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments in cash flow and fair value hedges  
Interest rate derivatives:  
Other current assets/Other current liabilities$1
$1
$2
$
$
$6
$
$4
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities
2

3

2

1
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments in cash flow and fair value hedges$1
$3
$2
$3
$
$8
$
$5
Gross amounts recognized$16
$17
$46
$11
$5
$26
$6
$24
Gross amounts offset$(9)$(9)$(8)$(8)$(5)$(5)$(6)$(6)
Net amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets$7
$8
$38
$3
$
$21
$
$18
  
Gulf Power  
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments for regulatory purposes  
Energy-related derivatives:  
Other current assets/Liabilities from risk management activities$1
$16
$4
$12
Other current assets/Other current liabilities$
$11
$
$14
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities
13
1
17

6

7
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments for regulatory purposes$1
$29
$5
$29
$
$17
$
$21
Gross amounts recognized$1
$29
$5
$29
$
$17
$
$21
Gross amounts offset$(1)$(1)$(4)$(4)$
$
$
$
Net amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets$
$28
$1
$25
$
$17
$
$21

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

As of June 30, 2017As of December 31, 2016As of March 31, 2018As of December 31, 2017
Derivative Category and Balance Sheet LocationAssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilities
(in millions)(in millions)
  
Mississippi Power  
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments for regulatory purposes  
Energy-related derivatives:  
Other current assets/Other current liabilities$1
$6
$2
$6
$1
$4
$1
$6
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities1
4
2
5
1
4
1
3
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments for regulatory purposes$2
$10
$4
$11
$2
$8
$2
$9
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments in cash flow and fair value hedges  
Interest rate derivatives:  
Other current assets/Other current liabilities$3
$
$2
$
$
$
$1
$
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities

1

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments in cash flow and fair value hedges$3
$
$3
$
$
$
$1
$
Gross amounts recognized$5
$10
$7
$11
$2
$8
$3
$9
Gross amounts offset$(2)$(2)$(3)$(3)$(2)$(2)$(2)$(2)
Net amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets$3
$8
$4
$8
$
$6
$1
$7
  
Southern Power  
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments in cash flow and fair value hedges  
Energy-related derivatives:  
Other current assets/Other current liabilities$13
$8
$18
$4
$3
$2
$3
$11
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities1
1


Foreign currency derivatives:  
Other current assets/Other current liabilities
23

25

22

23
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities56


33
182

129

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments in cash flow and fair value hedges$69
$31
$18
$62
$186
$25
$132
$34
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments  
Energy-related derivatives:  
Other current assets/Other current liabilities$1
$1
$3
$1
$
$
$
$2
Interest rate derivatives: 
Other current assets/Other current liabilities

1

Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments$1
$1
$4
$1
Gross amounts recognized$70
$32
$22
$63
$186
$25
$132
$36
Gross amounts offset$(2)$(2)$(5)$(5)$(1)$(1)$(3)$(3)
Net amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets$68
$30
$17
$58
$185
$24
$129
$33

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

As of June 30, 2017As of December 31, 2016As of March 31, 2018As of December 31, 2017
Derivative Category and Balance Sheet LocationAssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilitiesAssetsLiabilities
(in millions)(in millions)
  
Southern Company Gas  
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments for regulatory purposes  
Energy-related derivatives:  
Assets from risk management activities/Liabilities from risk management activities-current$4
$2
$24
$3
$1
$4
$5
$8
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities

1

Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments for regulatory purposes$4
$2
$25
$3
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments in cash flow and fair value hedges  
Energy-related derivatives:  
Assets from risk management activities/Liabilities from risk management activities-current$
$2
$4
$3
$
$1
$
$3
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments  
Energy-related derivatives:  
Assets from risk management activities/Liabilities from risk management activities-current$236
$201
$486
$482
$283
$299
$379
$434
Other deferred charges and assets/Other deferred credits and liabilities102
86
66
81
234
284
170
215
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments$338
$287
$552
$563
$517
$583
$549
$649
Gross amounts of recognized$342
$291
$581
$569
$518
$588
$554
$660
Gross amounts offset(*)
$(196)$(267)$(435)$(497)
Net amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets$146
$24
$146
$72
Gross amounts offset(a)
$(325)$(548)$(390)$(583)
Net amounts recognized in the Balance Sheets(b)
$193
$40
$164
$77
(*)(a)Gross amounts offset include cash collateral held on deposit in broker margin accounts of $71$223 million and $62$193 million as of June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2016,2017, respectively.
(b)Net amounts of derivative instruments outstanding exclude premium and intrinsic value associated with weather derivatives of $4 million and $11 million as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.
At June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2016,2017, the pre-tax effects of unrealized derivative gains (losses) arising from energy-related derivative instruments designated as regulatory hedging instruments and deferred were as follows:
Regulatory Hedge Unrealized Gain (Loss) Recognized in the Balance Sheet at June 30, 2017
Regulatory Hedge Unrealized Gain (Loss) Recognized in the Balance Sheet at March 31, 2018Regulatory Hedge Unrealized Gain (Loss) Recognized in the Balance Sheet at March 31, 2018
Derivative Category and Balance Sheet
Location
Southern
Company(b)
Alabama
Power
Georgia
Power
Gulf
Power
Mississippi
Power
Southern Company Gas(b)
Southern
Company(*)
Alabama
Power
Georgia
Power
Gulf
Power
Mississippi
Power
Southern Company Gas(*)
(in millions) (in millions) 
Energy-related derivatives:  
Other regulatory assets, current$(24)$(3)$
$(15)$(5)$(1)$(20)$(1)$(3)$(11)$(3)$(2)
Other regulatory assets, deferred(23)(2)(5)(13)(3)
(23)(4)(10)(6)(3)
Other regulatory liabilities, current(a)
13
3
6


4
7




7
Total energy-related derivative gains (losses)$(34)$(2)$1
$(28)$(8)$3
$(36)$(5)$(13)$(17)$(6)$5
(a)Georgia Power includes other regulatory liabilities, current in other current liabilities.
(b)Fair value gains and losses recorded in regulatory assets and liabilities include cash collateral held on deposit in broker margin accounts of $1 million at June 30, 2017.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Regulatory Hedge Unrealized Gain (Loss) Recognized in the Balance Sheet at December 31, 2016
Derivative Category and Balance Sheet
Location
Southern
Company(c)
Alabama
Power
Georgia
Power
Gulf
Power
Mississippi
Power
Southern Company Gas(c)
 (in millions) 
Energy-related derivatives:      
Other regulatory assets, current$(16)$(1)$
$(9)$(5)$(1)
Other regulatory assets, deferred(19)

(16)(3)
Other regulatory liabilities, current(a)
56
8
29
1
1
17
Other regulatory liabilities, deferred(b)
12
4
7


1
Total energy-related derivative gains (losses)$33
$11
$36
$(24)$(7)$17
(a)Georgia Power includes other regulatory liabilities, current in other current liabilities.
(b)Georgia Power includes other regulatory liabilities, deferred in other deferred credits and liabilities.
(c)(*)Fair value gains and losses recorded in regulatory assets and liabilities include cash collateral held on deposit in broker margin accounts of $8 million at March 31, 2018.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Regulatory Hedge Unrealized Gain (Loss) Recognized in the Balance Sheet at December 31, 2017
Derivative Category and Balance Sheet
Location
Southern
Company(*)
Alabama
Power
Georgia
Power
Gulf
Power
Mississippi
Power
Southern Company Gas(*)
 (in millions) 
Energy-related derivatives:      
Other regulatory assets, current$(34)$(4)$(7)$(14)$(5)$(4)
Other regulatory assets, deferred(18)(3)(6)(7)(2)
Other regulatory liabilities, current7




7
Other regulatory liabilities, deferred1
1




Total energy-related derivative gains (losses)$(44)$(6)$(13)$(21)$(7)$3
(*)Fair value gains and losses recorded in regulatory assets and liabilities include cash collateral held on deposit in broker margin accounts of $6 million at December 31, 2016.2017.
For the three months ended June 30,March 31, 2018 and 2017, and 2016, the pre-tax effects of energy-related derivatives, interest rate derivatives, and foreign currency derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instrumentshedge accounting on accumulated OCI were as follows:
Derivatives in Cash Flow
Hedging Relationships
Gain (Loss)
Recognized in OCI
on Derivative
(Effective Portion)
 
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into
Income (Effective Portion)
Gain (Loss)
Recognized in OCI
on Derivative

 
Gain (Loss) Reclassified from
Accumulated OCI into Income
Statements of Income LocationAmount Statements of Income LocationAmount
2017 2016 2017 20162018 2017 2018 2017
(in millions) (in millions)(in millions) (in millions)
Southern Company              
Energy-related derivatives$(9) $
 Depreciation and amortization$(2) $
$12
 $(11) Depreciation and amortization$1
 $(4)
    Cost of natural gas(2) 
Interest rate derivatives(1) 6
 Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(5) (4)(2) 1
 Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(5) (5)
Foreign currency derivatives71
 (39) Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(5) (1)53
 (4) Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(5) (6)
    
Other income (expense), net(*)
79
 (20)    
Other income (expense), net(*)
36
 17
Total$61
 $(33) $67
 $(25)$63
 $(14) $25
 $2
Alabama Power       
Interest rate derivatives$
 $
 Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized$(2) $(2)
Georgia Power       
Interest rate derivatives$
 $
 Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized$(1) $(1)
Gulf Power       
Interest rate derivatives$(1) $(2) Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized$
 $
Southern Power              
Energy-related derivatives$(7) $
 Depreciation and amortization$(2) $
$11
 $(8) Depreciation and amortization$1
 $(4)
Foreign currency derivatives71
 (39) Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(5) (1)53
 (4) Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(5) (6)
    
Other income (expense), net(*)
79
 (20)    
Other income (expense), net(*)
36
 17
Total$64
 $(39) $72
 $(21)$64
 $(12) $32
 $7
(*)The reclassification from accumulated OCI into other income (expense), net completely offsets currency gains and losses arising from changes in the U.S. currency exchange rates used to record the euro-denominated notes.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

For Southern Company Gas,the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, the pre-tax effecteffects of energy relatedenergy-related derivatives and interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments recognized in OCI and those reclassified fromon accumulated OCI into earningswere immaterial for the successorother registrants.
For the three months ended June 30,March 31, 2017, there was no material ineffectiveness recorded in earnings for any registrant. Upon the adoption of ASU 2017-12, beginning in 2018, ineffectiveness was no longer separately measured and the predecessor three months ended June 30, 2016 were as follows:

Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion)

Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (Effective Portion)

Successor

Predecessor

Successor

Predecessor
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging RelationshipsThree Months Ended June 30, 2017

Three Months Ended June 30, 2016
Statements of Income LocationThree Months Ended June 30, 2017

Three Months Ended June 30, 2016

(in millions)

(in millions)

(in millions)

(in millions)
Energy-related derivatives$(2)

$

Cost of natural gas$


$(1)
Interest rate derivatives


(19)
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized


(1)
Total$(2)

$(19)

$


$(2)
recorded in earnings. See Note (A) for additional information.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

For the sixthree months ended June 30,March 31, 2018 and 2017, and 2016, the pre-tax effects of energy-related derivatives, interest rate derivatives, and foreign currency derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instrumentsand fair value hedge accounting on income were as follows:
Derivatives in Cash Flow
Hedging Relationships
Gain (Loss)
Recognized in OCI
on Derivative
(Effective Portion)
 Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into
Income (Effective Portion)
 Statements of Income LocationAmount
 2017 2016  2017 2016
 (in millions)  (in millions)
Southern Company        
Energy-related derivatives$(20) $
 Depreciation and amortization$(6) $
Interest rate derivatives(1) (184) Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(10) (7)
Foreign currency derivatives67
 (39) Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(12) (1)
     
Other income (expense), net(*)
96
 (20)
Total$46
 $(223)  $68
 $(28)
Alabama Power        
Interest rate derivatives$
 $(4) Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized$(3) $(3)
Georgia Power        
Interest rate derivatives$
 $
 Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized$(3) $(2)
Gulf Power        
Energy-related derivatives$(1) $
 Depreciation and amortization$
 $
Interest rate derivatives(1) (7) Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized
 
Total$(2) $(7)  $
 $
Mississippi Power        
Interest rate derivatives$
 $
 Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized$(1) $(1)
Southern Power        
Energy-related derivatives$(15) $
 Depreciation and amortization$(6) $
Interest rate derivatives
 
 Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized
 (1)
Foreign currency derivatives67
 (39) Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(12) (1)
 

 

 
Other income (expense), net(*)
96
 (20)
Total$52
 $(39)  $78
 $(22)
 Location and Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Cash Flow and Fair Value Hedging RelationshipsFor the Three Months
Ended March 31,
 
 2018 2017
  (in millions)
 Southern Company   
 Depreciation and amortization$769
 $716
 Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges   
 Energy-related derivatives1
 (4)
 Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(458) (416)
 Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges��  
 Interest rate derivatives(5) (5)
 Foreign currency derivatives(5) (6)
 
Gain (loss) on fair value hedges(a)
   
 Interest rate derivatives(24) (8)
 Other income (expense), net60
 48
 
Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges(b)
   
 Foreign currency derivatives36
 17
 Southern Power   
 Depreciation and amortization$114
 $119
 Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges   
 Energy-related derivatives1
 (4)
 Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized(47) (50)
 Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges   
 Foreign currency derivatives(5) (6)
 Other income (expense), net3
 (1)
 
Gain (loss) on cash flow hedges(b)
   
 Foreign currency derivatives36
 17
     
(*)(a)For fair value hedges presented above, changes in the fair value of the derivative contracts are equal to changes in the fair value of the underlying debt and have no impact on income.
(b)The reclassification from accumulated OCI into other income (expense), net completely offsets currency gains and losses arising from changes in the U.S. currency exchange rates used to record the euro-denominated notes.
For the three months ended March 31, 2018 and 2017, the pre-tax effects of cash flow and fair value hedge accounting on income for energy-related derivatives and interest rate derivatives were immaterial for the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Company Gas.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

For Southern Company Gas,As of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the pre-tax effect of energyfollowing amounts were recorded on the balance sheets related derivatives and interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments recognized in OCI and those reclassified from accumulated OCI into earningsto cumulative basis adjustments for the successor six months ended June 30, 2017 and the predecessor six months ended June 30, 2016 were as follows:fair value hedges:
 Gain (Loss) Recognized in OCI on Derivative (Effective Portion)  Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income (Effective Portion)
 Successor  Predecessor  Successor  Predecessor
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging RelationshipsSix Months Ended June 30, 2017  Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 Statements of Income LocationSix Months Ended June 30, 2017  Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
 (in millions)  (in millions)  (in millions)  (in millions)
Energy-related derivatives$(4)  $
 Cost of natural gas$
  $(1)
Interest rate derivatives
  (64) Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized
  
Total$(4)  $(64)  $
  $(1)
 Carrying Amount of the Hedged Item Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustment included in Carrying Amount of the Hedged Item
Balance Sheet Location of Hedged ItemsAs of March 31, 2018As of December 31, 2017 As of March 31, 2018As of December 31, 2017
 (in millions) (in millions)
Southern Company     
Securities due within one year$(745)$(746) $4
$3
Long-term Debt(2,533)(2,553) 57
35
      
Georgia Power     
Securities due within one year$(745)$(746) $4
$3
Long-term Debt(497)(498) 2
1
For the three and six months ended June 30,March 31, 2018 and 2017, and 2016, the pre-tax effects of energy-related derivatives and interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedging instruments were immaterial for the other registrants.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, the pre-tax effects of energy-related derivatives and interest rate derivatives not designated as hedging instruments on the statements of income were as follows:
 Gain (Loss) Gain (Loss)
 Three Months Ended
June 30,
 Six Months Ended
June 30,
 Three Months Ended March 31,
Derivatives in Non-Designated Hedging RelationshipsStatements of Income Location20172016 20172016Statements of Income Location20182017
 (in millions) (in millions) (in millions)
Southern Company      
Energy Related derivatives:
Natural gas revenues(*)
$16
$
 $65
$
Energy-related derivatives:
Natural gas revenues(*)
$(15)$50
Cost of natural gas(2)
 (4)
Cost of natural gas2
(3)
Total derivatives in non-designated hedging relationshipsTotal derivatives in non-designated hedging relationships$14
$
 $61
$
Total derivatives in non-designated hedging relationships$(13)$47
Southern Company Gas  
Energy-related derivatives:
Natural gas revenues(*)
$(15)$50
Cost of natural gas2
(3)
Total derivatives in non-designated hedging relationshipsTotal derivatives in non-designated hedging relationships$(13)$47
(*)Excludes gains (losses) recorded in cost of natural gas revenues associated with weather derivatives of $1 millionan immaterial amount and $15$14 million for the three and six months ended June 30,March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

  Gain (Loss)
  Successor

Predecessor Successor  Predecessor
Derivatives in Non-Designated Hedging RelationshipsStatements of Income LocationThree Months Ended
June 30, 2017
  Three Months Ended
June 30, 2016
 Six Months Ended June 30, 2017  
Six
Months Ended
June 30, 2016
  (in millions)  (in millions) (in millions)  (in millions)
Southern Company Gas          
Energy Related derivatives:
Natural gas revenues(*)
$16
  $(21) $65
  $(1)
 Cost of natural gas(2)  (61) (4)  (62)
Total derivatives in non-designated hedging relationships$14
  $(82) $61
  $(63)
(*)Excludes gains recorded in cost of natural gas associated with weather derivatives of $15 million for the successor six months ended June 30, 2017 and immaterial amounts for all other periods presented.
For the three and six months ended June 30,March 31, 2018 and 2017, and 2016, the pre-tax effects of energy-related derivatives and interest rate derivatives not designated as hedging instruments were immaterialimmaterial for the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, the pre-tax effects of interest rate derivatives designated as fair value hedging instruments were as follows:
Derivatives in Fair Value Hedging Relationships
  Gain (Loss)
  
Three Months Ended
June 30,
Six Months Ended
June 30,
Derivative CategoryStatements of Income Location2017 20162017 2016
  (in millions)(in millions)
Southern Company       
Interest rate derivatives:Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized$7
 $4
$(1) $24
Georgia Power       
Interest rate derivatives:Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized$
 $
$(1) $15
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, the pre-tax effects of interest rate derivatives designated as fair value hedging instruments were offset by changes to the carrying value of long-term debt.
There was no material ineffectiveness recorded in earnings for any registrant for any period presented.
Contingent Features
Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas do not have any credit arrangements that would require material changes in payment schedules or terminations as a result of a credit rating downgrade. There are certain derivatives that could require collateral, but not accelerated payment, in the event of various credit rating changes of certain Southern Company subsidiaries. At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, the registrants had no collateral posted with derivative counterparties to satisfy these arrangements.
At June 30, 2017,For the registrants with interest rate derivatives at March 31, 2018, the fair value of interest rate derivative liabilities with contingent features and the maximum potential collateral requirements arising from the credit-risk-related contingent features, at a rating below BBB- and/or Baa3, was immaterial for all registrants. Theimmaterial. At March 31, 2018, the fair value of

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

energy-related derivative liabilities with contingent features and the maximum potential collateral requirements arising from the credit-risk-related contingent features, at a rating below BBB- and/or Baa3, were $11 millionimmaterial for Southern Company, $10 million for the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power, and $1 million for Southern Company Gas.all registrants. The maximum potential collateral

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

requirements arising from the credit-risk-related contingent features for the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power include certain agreements that could require collateral in the event that one or more Southern Company power pool participants has a credit rating change to below investment grade.
Generally, collateral may be provided by a Southern Company guaranty, letter of credit, or cash. If collateral is required, fair value amounts recognized for the right to reclaim cash collateral or the obligation to return cash collateral are not offset against fair value amounts recognized for derivatives executed with the same counterparty.
Alabama Power and Southern Power maintain accounts with certain regional transmission organizations to facilitate financial derivative transactions. Based on the value of the positions in these accounts and the associated margin requirements, Alabama Power and Southern Power may be required to post collateral. At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, cash collateral posted in these accounts was immaterial. Southern Company Gas maintains accounts with brokers or the clearing houses of certain exchanges to facilitate financial derivative transactions. Based on the value of the positions in these accounts and the associated margin requirements, Southern Company Gas may be required to deposit cash into these accounts. At June 30, 2017,March 31, 2018, cash collateral held on deposit in broker margin accounts was $71$223 million.
Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas are exposed to losses related to financial instruments in the event of counterparties' nonperformance. Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas only enter into agreements and material transactions with counterparties that have investment grade credit ratings by Moody's and S&P or with counterparties who have posted collateral to cover potential credit exposure. Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas have also established risk management policies and controls to determine and monitor the creditworthiness of counterparties in order to mitigate Southern Company's, the traditional electric operating companies', Southern Power's, and Southern Company Gas' exposure to counterparty credit risk. Southern Company Gas may require counterparties to pledge additional collateral when deemed necessary.
In addition, Southern Company Gasconducts credit evaluations and obtains appropriate internal approvals for the counterparty's line of credit before any transaction with the counterparty is executed. In most cases, the counterparty must have an investment grade rating, which includes a minimum long-term debt rating of Baa3 from Moody's and BBB- from S&P. Generally, Southern Company Gas requires credit enhancements by way of a guaranty, cash deposit, or letter of credit for transaction counterparties that do not have investment grade ratings.
Southern Company Gas also utilizes master netting agreements whenever possible to mitigate exposure to counterparty credit risk. When Southern Company Gas is engaged in more than one outstanding derivative transaction with the same counterparty and it also has a legally enforceable netting agreement with that counterparty, the "net" mark-to-market exposure represents the netting of the positive and negative exposures with that counterparty and a reasonable measure of Southern Company Gas' credit risk. Southern Company Gas also uses other netting agreements with certain counterparties with whom it conducts significant transactions. Master netting agreements enable Southern Company Gas to net certain assets and liabilities by counterparty. Southern Company Gas also nets across product lines and against cash collateral provided the master netting and cash collateral agreements include such provisions. Southern Company Gas may require counterparties to pledge additional collateral when deemed necessary.
Southern Company, the traditional electric operating companies, Southern Power, and Southern Company Gas do not anticipate a material adverse effect on the financial statements as a result of counterparty nonperformance.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

(I)(J)ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS
Southern Company
Merger with Southern Company Gas
Southern Company Gas is an energy services holding company whose primary business is the distribution of natural gas through the natural gas distribution utilities. On July 1, 2016, Southern Company completed the Merger for a total purchase price of approximately $8.0 billion and Southern Company Gas became a wholly-owned, direct subsidiary of Southern Company.
The Merger was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting with the assets acquired and liabilities assumed recognized at fair value as of the acquisition date. The following table presents the final purchase price allocation:
Southern Company Gas Purchase Price 
 (in millions)
Current assets$1,557
Property, plant, and equipment10,108
Goodwill5,967
Intangible assets400
Regulatory assets1,118
Other assets229
Current liabilities(2,201)
Other liabilities(4,742)
Long-term debt(4,261)
Noncontrolling interest(174)
Total purchase price$8,001
The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed of $6.0 billion is recognized as goodwill, which is primarily attributable to positioning the Southern Company system to provide natural gas infrastructure to meet customers' growing energy needs and to compete for growth across the energy value chain. Southern Company anticipates that much of the value assigned to goodwill will not be deductible for tax purposes.
The valuation of identifiable intangible assets included customer relationships, trade names, and storage and transportation contracts with estimated lives of one to 28 years. The estimated fair value measurements of identifiable intangible assets were primarily based on significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).
The results of operations for Southern Company Gas have been included in Southern Company's consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition and consist of operating revenues of $716 million and $2.3 billion and net income of $49 million and $288 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively.
The following summarized unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of earnings information assumes that the acquisition of Southern Company Gas was completed on January 1, 2015. The summarized unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of earnings information includes adjustments for (i) intercompany sales, (ii) amortization of intangible assets, (iii) adjustments to interest expense to reflect current interest rates on Southern Company Gas debt and additional interest expense associated with borrowings by Southern Company to fund the Merger, and (iv) the elimination of nonrecurring expenses associated with the Merger.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

 For the Six Months Ended June 30,
 2016
Operating revenues (in millions)
$10,346
Net income attributable to Southern Company (in millions)
$1,255
Basic Earnings Per Share (EPS)$1.34
Diluted EPS$1.33
These unaudited pro forma results are for comparative purposes only and may not be indicative of the results that would have occurred had this acquisition been completed on January 1, 2015 or the results that would be attained in the future.
Acquisition of PowerSecure
On May 9, 2016, Southern Company acquired all of the outstanding stock of PowerSecure, a provider of products and services in the areas of distributed generation, energy efficiency, and utility infrastructure, for $18.75 per common share in cash, resulting in an aggregate purchase price of $429 million. As a result, PowerSecure became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Southern Company.
The acquisition of PowerSecure was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting with the assets acquired and liabilities assumed recognized at fair value as of the acquisition date. The following table presents the final purchase price allocation:
PowerSecure Purchase Price 
 (in millions)
Current assets$172
Property, plant, and equipment46
Intangible assets106
Goodwill284
Other assets4
Current liabilities(121)
Long-term debt, including current portion(48)
Deferred credits and other liabilities(14)
Total purchase price$429
The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed of $284 million was recognized as goodwill, which is primarily attributable to expected business expansion opportunities for PowerSecure. Southern Company anticipates that the majority of the value assigned to goodwill will not be deductible for tax purposes.
The valuation of identifiable intangible assets included customer relationships, trade names, patents, backlog, and software with estimated lives of one to 26 years. The estimated fair value measurements of identifiable intangible assets were primarily based on significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).
The results of operations for PowerSecure have been included in Southern Company's consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition and are immaterial to the consolidated financial results of Southern Company. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented for the acquisition because the effects of the acquisition were immaterial to Southern Company's consolidated financial results for all periods presented.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Southern Power
See Note 211 to the financial statements of Southern Power and Note 12 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Southern Power" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Acquisitions During the SixThree Months Ended June 30, 2017March 31, 2018
During the sixthree months ended June 30, 2017, in accordance with Southern Power's overall growth strategy, Southern Renewable Partnerships, LLC (SRP),March 31, 2018, one of Southern Power's wholly-owned subsidiaries acquired and completed construction of the Bethel windGaskell West 1 solar facility. Acquisition-related costs were expensed as incurred and were not material.
Project FacilityResourceSeller; Acquisition Date
Approximate Nameplate Capacity (MW)
LocationSouthern Power Percentage OwnershipActual CODPPA Contract Period
BethelWindInvenergy,
January 6, 2017
276Castro County, TX100% January 201712 years
Project FacilityResourceSeller; Acquisition Date
Approximate Nameplate Capacity (MW)
LocationSouthern Power Percentage OwnershipActual CODPPA Contract Period
Gaskell West 1SolarRecurrent Energy Development Holdings, LLC January 26, 201820Kern County, CA100% of Class B(*)March 201820 years
(*)Southern Power owns 100% of the class B membership interests under a tax equity partnership agreement.
The aggregate amounts of revenue and net income, excluding impacts from PTCs, recognized by Southern Power related to the Bethel facility included in Southern Power's condensed consolidated statements of income for year-to-date 2017 were immaterial. The BethelGaskell West 1 facility did not have operating revenues or activities prior to completion of construction and the assets being placed in service; therefore, supplemental pro forma information for the comparable 2016 period is not meaningful and has been omitted.
In connection with Southern Power's 2016 acquisitions, allocations of the purchase price to individual assets were finalizedservice during the six months ended June 30, 2017 with no changes to amounts originally reported for Boulder 1, Grant Plains, Grant Wind, Henrietta, Mankato, Passadumkeag, Salt Fork, Tyler Bluff, and Wake Wind.
Acquisitions Subsequent to June 30, 2017
Subsequent to June 30, 2017, Southern Power acquired a 100% ownership interest in and commenced construction of the Cactus Flats 148-MW wind facility, the majority of which is covered by two PPAs, which expire in 2030 and 2033. The facility is expected to be placed in service in mid-2018. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.March 2018.
Construction Projects Completed and in Progress
During the sixthree months ended June 30, 2017, in accordance with its overall growth strategy,March 31, 2018, Southern Power completed construction of and placed in service, or continued construction of the projects set forth in the following table. Through June 30, 2017, total costs of construction incurred for these projects were $421 million, of which $49 million remained in CWIP for the Mankato facility acquired in 2016.table below. Total aggregate construction costs, excluding the acquisition costs, are expected to be $170between $370 million to $190and $415 million for the Mankato facility.and Cactus Flats facilities. At March 31, 2018, construction costs included in CWIP related to these projects totaled $273 million. The ultimate outcome of this matterthese matters cannot be determined at this time.
Project FacilityResource
Approximate Nameplate Capacity (MW)
LocationActual/Expected CODPPA Contract Period
Projects Completed During the Six Months Ended June 30, 2017
East PecosSolar120Pecos County, TXMarch 201715 years
LamesaSolar102Dawson County, TXApril 201715 years
Project Under Construction as of June 30, 2017March 31, 2018
Cactus Flats(*)
Wind148Concho County, TXThird quarter 201812-15 years
MankatoNatural Gas345Mankato, MNSecond quarter 201920 years

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

(*)In July 2017, Southern Power purchased 100% of the Cactus Flats facility and commenced construction. Upon placing the facility in service, Southern Power expects to close on a tax equity partnership agreement, subject to various customary conditions at closing, and will then own 100% of the class B membership interests.
Development Projects
In December 2016,During 2017, as part of Southern Power'sits renewable development strategy, SRPSouthern Power purchased wind turbine equipment from Siemens Gamesa Renewable Energy Inc. and Vestas-American Wind Technology, Inc. to be used for various development and construction projects. Any wind projects reaching commercial operation by 2021 are expected to qualify for 80% PTCs.
During 2016, Southern Power entered into a joint development agreement with Renewable Energy Systems Americas, Inc. to develop and construct approximately 3,000 MWs of wind projects. AlsoIn addition, in December 2016, Southern Power signed agreements and made payments to purchasepurchased wind turbine equipment from Siemens Wind Power, Inc. and Vestas-American Wind Technology, Inc. to be used for construction of the facilities. All of theAny wind turbine equipment was deliveredprojects reaching commercial operation by April 2017, which allows the projects2020 are expected to qualify for 100% PTCs for 10 years following their expected commercial operation dates between 2018 and 2020. PTCs.
The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Southern Company Gas
Proposed Sale of Elizabethtown Gas and Elkton Gas
In October 2017, a Southern Company Gas subsidiary, Pivotal Utility Holdings, entered into agreements for the sale of the assets of two of its natural gas distribution utilities, Elizabethtown Gas and Elkton Gas, to South Jersey Industries, Inc. for a total cash purchase price of $1.7 billion. The completion of each asset sale is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, including, among other customary closing conditions, the receipt of required regulatory approvals, including the FERC, the New Jersey BPU, and, with respect to the sale of Elkton Gas, the Maryland PSC. Southern Company Gas and South Jersey Industries, Inc. made joint filings in December 2017 and on January 16, 2018 with the New Jersey BPU and the Maryland PSC, respectively, requesting regulatory approval. The asset sales are expected to be completed by the end of the third quarter 2018. The ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be determined at this time.
Proposed Sale of Pivotal Home Solutions
On April 11, 2018, Southern Company Gas and its subsidiary Pivotal Home Solutions entered into a stock purchase agreement with American Water Enterprises LLC for the sale of Pivotal Home Solutions for a purchase price of approximately $365 million, including estimated working capital. In contemplation of the transaction, a goodwill impairment charge of $42 million was recorded as of March 31, 2018. The remaining goodwill of $242 million is not deductible for tax purposes and, as a result, a deferred tax liability has not been provided. The completion of this transaction is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of certain conditions, including, among other customary closing conditions, approval from the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation and the expiration or termination of any applicable waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976. The transaction is expected to be completed by the end of the second quarter 2018. The ultimate outcome of this matter cannot be determined at this time.
(J)(K)JOINT OWNERSHIP AGREEMENTS
Southern Company Gas
See Note 4 to the financial statements of Southern Company Gas in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Equity Method Investments
The carrying amounts of Southern Company Gas' equity method investments as of June 30, 2017March 31, 2018 and December 31, 20162017 and related income from those investments for the successor three and six monththree-month periods ended June 30,March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017 and the predecessor three and six month periods ended June 30, 2016 were as follows:
   
Balance Sheet InformationJune 30, 2017December 31, 2016
 (in millions)
SNG$1,405
$1,394
Atlantic Coast Pipeline53
33
PennEast Pipeline45
22
Triton43
44
Pivotal JAX LNG, LLC32
16
Horizon Pipeline31
30
Other1
2
Total$1,610
$1,541
 Successor  Predecessor Successor  Predecessor
Income Statement InformationThree Months Ended June 30, 2017  Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 Six Months Ended June 30, 2017  Six Months Ended June 30, 2016
 (in millions)  (in millions) (in millions)  (in millions)
SNG$24
  $
 $58
  $
Triton2
  1
 2
  1
PennEast Pipeline1
  
 4
  
Atlantic Coast Pipeline2
  
 3
  
Horizon Pipeline
  
 1
  1
Total$29
  $1
 $68
  $2
Southern Natural Gas
In September 2016, Southern Company Gas, through a wholly-owned, indirect subsidiary, acquired a 50% equity interest in SNG, which is accounted for as an equity method investment. On March 31, 2017, Southern Company
Balance Sheet InformationMarch 31, 2018December 31, 2017
 (in millions)
SNG$1,274
$1,262
Atlantic Coast Pipeline49
41
PennEast Pipeline62
57
Triton42
42
Pivotal JAX LNG, LLC45
44
Horizon Pipeline31
30
Other1
1
Total$1,504
$1,477

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Gas made an additional $50 million contribution to maintain its 50% equity interest in SNG. See Note 11 to the financial statements of
Income Statement InformationThree Months Ended March 31, 2018Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
 (in millions)
SNG$39
$34
PennEast Pipeline1
3
Atlantic Coast Pipeline1
1
Triton1

Horizon Pipeline
1
Total$42
$39
Southern CompanyNatural Gas under "Investment in SNG" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information on this investment.
Selected financial information of SNG for the three and six months ended June 30,March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2017 is as follows:
Income Statement InformationThree Months Ended June 30, 2017Six Months Ended June 30, 2017Three Months Ended March 31, 2018Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
(in millions)(in millions)
Revenues$143
$298
$160
$155
Operating income$63
$147
$99
$84
Net income$48
$114
$78
$66

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

(K)(L) SEGMENT AND RELATED INFORMATION
Southern Company
The primary businesses of the Southern Company system are electricity sales by the traditional electric operating companies and Southern Power and the distribution of natural gas by Southern Company Gas. The four traditional electric operating companies – Alabama Power, Georgia Power, Gulf Power, and Mississippi Power – are vertically integrated utilities providing electric service in four Southeastern states. Southern Power develops, constructs, acquires, owns, and manages power generation assets, including renewable energy projects, and sells electricity at market-based rates in the wholesale market. Southern Company Gas distributes natural gas through the seven natural gas distribution utilities in seven states and is involved in several other complementary businesses including gas marketing services, wholesale gas services, and gas midstream operations.
Southern Company's reportable business segments are the sale of electricity by the four traditional electric operating companies, the sale of electricity in the competitive wholesale market by Southern Power, and the sale of natural gas and other complementary products and services by Southern Company Gas. Revenues from sales by Southern Power to the traditional electric operating companies were $90$83 million and $190$100 million for the three and six months ended June 30,March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $107respectively. Revenues from sales of natural gas from Southern Company Gas to Southern Power were $36 million and $204$23 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016,March 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The "All Other" column includes the Southern Company parent entity, which does not allocate operating expenses to business segments. Also, this category includes segments below the quantitative threshold for separate disclosure. These segments include providing energy technologies and services to electric utilities and large industrial, commercial, institutional, and municipal customers; as well as investments in telecommunications and leveraged lease projects. All other inter-segment revenues are not material.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

Financial data for business segments and products and services for the three and six months ended June 30,March 31, 2018 and 2017 and 2016 was as follows:
 Electric Utilities    
 
Traditional
Electric Operating
Companies
Southern
Power
EliminationsTotalSouthern Company Gas
All
Other
EliminationsConsolidated
 (in millions)
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2017:
        
Operating revenues$4,157
$529
$(101)$4,585
$716
$166
$(37)$5,430
Segment net income (loss)(a)(b)
(1,442)82

(1,360)49
(68)(2)(1,381)
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2017:
        
Operating revenues$7,943
$979
$(206)$8,716
$2,276
$289
$(79)$11,202
Segment net income (loss)(a)(b)(c)
(1,010)151

(859)288
(152)
(723)
Total assets at June 30, 2017$71,503
$14,703
$(317)$85,889
$21,809
$2,348
$(1,362)$108,684
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2016:
        
Operating revenues$4,115
$373
$(109)$4,379
$
$125
$(45)$4,459
Segment net income (loss)(a)(b)
599
89

688

(61)(4)623
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2016:
        
Operating revenues$7,884
$688
$(212)$8,360
$
$172
$(81)$8,451
Segment net income (loss)(a)(b)
1,064
139

1,203

(84)(7)1,112
Total assets at December 31, 2016$72,141
$15,169
$(316)$86,994
$21,853
$2,474
$(1,624)$109,697
 Electric Utilities    
 
Traditional
Electric Operating
Companies
Southern
Power
EliminationsTotalSouthern Company Gas
All
Other
EliminationsConsolidated
 (in millions)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018:       
Operating revenues$3,979
$509
$(106)$4,382
$1,639
$401
$(50)$6,372
Segment net income (loss)(a)(b)(c)
612
121

733
279
(74)
938
Total assets at March 31, 2018$72,893
$15,182
$(262)$87,813
$22,568
$2,733
$(1,547)$111,567
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017:       
Operating revenues$3,786
$450
$(105)$4,131
$1,560
$123
$(43)$5,771
Segment net income (loss)(a)(b)(d)
432
70

502
239
(84)1
658
Total assets at December 31, 2017$72,204
$15,206
$(325)$87,085
$22,987
$2,552
$(1,619)$111,005
(a)Attributable to Southern Company.
(b)
Segment net income (loss) for the traditional electric operating companies includes pre-tax charges for estimated probable losses on the Kemper IGCC of $3.0 billion$44 million ($2.1 billion33 million after tax) and $81$108 million ($5067 million after tax) for the three months ended June 30,March 31, 2018 and 2017, and 2016, respectively, and $3.1 billion ($2.2 billion after tax) and $134 million ($83 million after tax) for the six months ended June 30, 2017 and 2016, respectively. See Note 3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Kemper County Energy Facility" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K and Note (B) under "Integrated Coal Gasification Combined CycleKemper IGCC Schedule and Cost Estimate""Kemper County Energy Facility" for additional information.
(c)
Segment net income (loss) for Southern Company Gas includes a goodwill impairment charge of $42 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 in contemplation of the sale of Pivotal Home Solutions. See Note (J) under "Southern Company Gas – Proposed Sale of Pivotal Home Solutions" for additional information.
(d)Segment net income (loss) for the traditional electric operating companies also includes a pre-tax charge for the write-down of Gulf Power's ownership of Plant Scherer Unit 3 of $33 million ($20 million after tax) for the sixthree months ended June 30,March 31, 2017. See Note (B)3 to the financial statements of Southern Company under "Regulatory"Regulatory MattersGulf PowerRetail Base Rate Cases"Cases" in Item 8 of the Form 10-K for additional information.
Products and Services
  Electric Utilities' Revenues
Period Retail Wholesale Other Total
  (in millions)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017 $3,777
 $618
 $190
 $4,585
Three Months Ended June 30, 2016 3,748
 446
 185
 4,379
         
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017 $7,171
 $1,149
 $396
 $8,716
Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 7,124
 842
 394
 8,360

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

  Electric Utilities' Revenues
Period Retail Wholesale Other Total
  (in millions)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018 $3,568
 $619
 $195
 $4,382
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 3,394
 531
 206
 4,131
 Southern Company Gas' Revenues
PeriodGas
Distribution
Operations
Gas
Marketing
Services
OtherTotal
 (in millions)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2017$557
$166
$(7)$716
Six Months Ended June 30, 2017$1,689
$454
$133
$2,276
 Southern Company Gas' Revenues
PeriodGas
Distribution
Operations
Gas
Marketing
Services
OtherTotal
 (in millions)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018$1,200
$271
$168
$1,639
Three Months Ended March 31, 20171,132
288
140
1,560
Southern Company Gas
Southern Company Gas manages its business through four reportable segments – gas distribution operations, gas marketing services, wholesale gas services, and gas midstream operations. The non-reportable segments are combined and presented as all other.
Gas distribution operations is the largest component of Southern Company Gas' business and includes natural gas local distribution utilities that construct, manage, and maintain intrastate natural gas pipelines and gas distribution

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

facilities in seven states. Gas marketing services includes natural gas marketing to end-use customers primarily in Georgia and Illinois. Additionally, gas marketing services provides home equipment protection products and services. Wholesale gas services provides natural gas asset management and/or related logistics services for each of Southern Company Gas' utilities except Nicor Gas as well as for non-affiliated companies. Additionally, wholesale gas services engages in natural gas storage and gas pipeline arbitrage and related activities. Gas midstream operations primarily consists of Southern Company Gas' pipeline investments, with storage and fuel operations also aggregated into this segment. The all other column includes segments below the quantitative threshold for separate disclosure, including the subsidiaries that fall below the quantitative threshold for separate disclosure.
After the Merger, Southern Company Gas changed its segment performance measure to net income. In order to properly assess net income by segment, Southern Company Gas executed various intercompany note agreements to revise interest charges to its segments. Since such agreements did not exist in the predecessor period, Southern Company Gas is unable to provide the comparable net income.
Business segment financial data for the successor three and six months ended June 30,March 31, 2018 and 2017and the predecessor three and six months ended June 30, 2016 was as follows:
 Gas Distribution OperationsGas Marketing Services
Wholesale Gas Services(*)
Gas Midstream OperationsTotalAll OtherEliminationsConsolidated
 (in millions)
Successor – Three Months Ended June 30, 2017:      
Operating revenues$603
$166
$(12)$12
$769
$3
$(56)$716
Segment net income54
4
(17)9
50
(1)
49
Successor – Six Months Ended June 30, 2017:      
Operating revenues$1,783
$454
$119
$37
$2,393
$5
$(122)$2,276
Segment net income171
35
51
25
282
6

288
Successor – Total assets at
June 30, 2017
$18,257
$2,093
$989
$2,381
$23,720
$11,182
$(13,093)$21,809

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: (Continued)
(UNAUDITED)

 Gas Distribution OperationsGas Marketing Services
Wholesale Gas Services(*)
Gas Midstream OperationsTotalAll OtherEliminationsConsolidated
 (in millions)
Predecessor – Three Months Ended June 30, 2016:      
Operating revenues$547
$149
$(95)$10
$611
$2
$(42)$571
Segment EBIT118
29
(112)(5)30
(55)1
(24)
Predecessor – Six Months Ended June 30, 2016:      
Operating revenues$1,575
$435
$(32)$25
$2,003
$4
$(102)$1,905
Segment EBIT353
109
(68)(6)388
(60)
328
Successor – Total assets at
December 31, 2016
$19,453
$2,084
$1,127
$2,211
$24,875
$11,145
$(14,167)$21,853
 Gas Distribution Operations
Gas Marketing Services(a)
Wholesale Gas Services(b)
Gas Midstream OperationsTotalAll OtherEliminationsConsolidated
 (in millions)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018:      
Operating revenues$1,212
$271
$166
$22
$1,671
$1
$(33)$1,639
Segment net income149
13
104
23
289
(10)
279
Total assets at March 31, 2018:18,332
2,144
903
2,263
23,642
11,839
(12,913)22,568
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017:      
Operating revenues$1,180
$288
$131
$25
$1,624
$2
$(66)$1,560
Segment net income117
31
68
15
231
8

239
Total assets at December 31, 2017:19,358
2,147
1,096
2,241
24,842
12,184
(14,039)22,987
(*)(a)Segment net income for gas marketing services includes a goodwill impairment charge of $42 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018 in contemplation of the sale of Pivotal Home Solutions. See Note (J) under "Southern Company Gas – Proposed Sale of Pivotal Home Solutions" for additional information.
(b)The revenues for wholesale gas services are netted with costs associated with its energy and risk management activities. A reconciliation of operating revenues and intercompany revenues is shown in the following table.
 Third Party Gross Revenues Intercompany Revenues Total Gross Revenues Less Gross Gas Costs Operating Revenues
 (in millions)
Successor – Three Months Ended June 30, 2017$1,531
 $123
 $1,654
 $1,666
 $(12)
Successor – Six Months Ended June 30, 20173,370
 259
 3,629
 3,510
 119
Predecessor – Three Months Ended June 30, 2016$1,061
 $58
 $1,119
 $1,214
 $(95)
Predecessor – Six Months Ended June 30, 20162,500
 143
 2,643
 2,675
 (32)
 Third Party Gross Revenues Intercompany Revenues Total Gross Revenues Less Gross Gas Costs Operating Revenues
 (in millions)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2018$1,938
 $167
 $2,105
 $1,939
 $166
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017$1,839
 $136
 $1,975
 $1,844
 $131

PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings.
See the Notes to the Condensed Financial Statements herein for information regarding certain legal and administrative proceedings in which the registrants are involved.
ItemItem 1A. Risk Factors.
See RISK FACTORS in Item 1A of the Form 10-K for a discussion of the risk factors of the registrants. Except as described below, thereThere have been no material changes to these risk factors from those previously disclosed in the Form 10-K.
The bankruptcy filing of the EPC Contractor is expected to have a material impact on the construction cost and schedule of, as well as the cost recovery for, Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 and could have a material impact on the financial statements of Southern Company and Georgia Power, and any inability or other failure by Toshiba to perform its obligations under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement could have a further material impact on the net cost to the Vogtle Owners to complete construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, and therefore on the financial statements of Southern Company and Georgia Power.
See "Construction Risk" in Item 1A – Risk Factors of Southern Company and Georgia Power in the Form 10-K for a discussion of risks relating to major construction projects, including Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 and see Note (B) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "Regulatory Matters – Georgia Power – Nuclear Construction" herein and Note (E) to the Condensed Financial Statements under "DOE Loan Guarantee Borrowings" herein for additional information.
On March 29, 2017, the EPC Contractor filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. To provide for a continuation of work at Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, entered into an interim assessment agreement with the EPC Contractor (Interim Assessment Agreement), which the bankruptcy court approved on March 30, 2017.
The Interim Assessment Agreement provided, among other items, that during the term of the Interim Assessment Agreement (i) Georgia Power was obligated to pay, on behalf of the Vogtle Owners, all costs accrued by the EPC Contractor for subcontractors and vendors for services performed or goods provided, with these amounts paid to the EPC Contractor, except that amounts accrued for Fluor Corporation (Fluor) were paid directly to Fluor; (ii) the EPC Contractor provided certain engineering, procurement, and management services for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, to the same extent as contemplated by the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, and Georgia Power, on behalf of the Vogtle Owners, made payments of $5.4 million per week for these services; (iii) Georgia Power had the right to make payments, on behalf of the Vogtle Owners, directly to subcontractors and vendors who had accounts past due with the EPC Contractor; (iv) the EPC Contractor used commercially reasonable efforts to provide information reasonably requested by Georgia Power as was necessary to continue construction and investigation of the completion status of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4; (v) the EPC Contractor rejected or accepted the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement by the termination of the Interim Assessment Agreement; and (vi) Georgia Power did not exercise any remedies against Toshiba under the Toshiba Guarantee. Under the Interim Assessment Agreement, all parties expressly reserved all rights and remedies under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement and all related security and collateral under applicable law.
The Interim Assessment Agreement, as amended, expired on July 27, 2017. Georgia Power's aggregate liability for the Vogtle Owners under the Interim Assessment Agreement totaled approximately $650 million, of which $552 million had been paid or accrued as of June 30, 2017. Georgia Power's proportionate share of this aggregate liability totaled approximately $297 million.
Subsequent to the EPC Contractor bankruptcy filing, a number of subcontractors to the EPC Contractor, including Fluor Enterprises, Inc., a subsidiary of Fluor, alleged non-payment by the EPC Contractor for amounts owed for work performed on Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the Vogtle Owners, has taken, and continues to take, actions to remove liens filed by these subcontractors through the posting of surety bonds. Georgia Power estimates the aggregate liability, through July 31, 2017, of the Vogtle Owners for the removal of subcontractor liens and payment of other EPC Contractor pre-petition accounts payable to total approximately


$400 million, of which $354 million had been paid or accrued as of June 30, 2017. Georgia Power's proportionate share of this aggregate liability totaled approximately $183 million.
The Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement also provided for liquidated damages upon the EPC Contractor's failure to fulfill the schedule and certain performance guarantees, each subject to an aggregate cap of 10% of the contract price, or approximately $920 million (approximately $420 million based on Georgia Power's ownership interest). Under the Toshiba Guarantee, Toshiba guaranteed certain payment obligations of the EPC Contractor, including any liability of the EPC Contractor for abandonment of work. In January 2016, Westinghouse delivered to the Vogtle Owners $920 million of letters of credit from financial institutions (Westinghouse Letters of Credit) to secure a portion of the EPC Contractor's potential obligations under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement. The Westinghouse Letters of Credit are subject to annual renewals through June 30, 2020 and require 60 days' written notice to Georgia Power in the event the Westinghouse Letters of Credit will not be renewed.
Under the terms of the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, the EPC Contractor did not have the right to terminate the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement for convenience. In the event of an abandonment of work by the EPC Contractor, the maximum liability of the EPC Contractor under the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement was 40% of the contract price (approximately $1.7 billion based on Georgia Power's ownership interest). In addition, the Vogtle Owners could terminate the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement for certain breaches by the EPC Contractor, including abandonment of work by the EPC Contractor.
On June 9, 2017, Georgia Power and the other Vogtle Owners and Toshiba entered into a settlement agreement regarding the Toshiba Guarantee (Guarantee Settlement Agreement). Pursuant to the Guarantee Settlement Agreement, Toshiba acknowledged the amount of its obligation under the Toshiba Guarantee is $3.68 billion (Guarantee Obligations), of which Georgia Power's proportionate share is approximately $1.7 billion, and that the Guarantee Obligations exist regardless of whether Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 are completed. The Guarantee Settlement Agreement also provides for a schedule of payments for the Guarantee Obligations, beginning in October 2017 and continuing through January 2021. In the event Toshiba receives certain payments, including sale proceeds, from or related to Westinghouse (or its subsidiaries) or Toshiba Nuclear Energy Holdings (UK) Limited (or its subsidiaries), it will hold a portion of such payments in trust for the Vogtle Owners and promptly pay them as offsets against any remaining Guarantee Obligations. Under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement, the Vogtle Owners will forbear from exercising certain remedies, including drawing on the Westinghouse Letters of Credit, until June 30, 2020, unless certain events of nonpayment, insolvency, or other material breach of the Guarantee Settlement Agreement by Toshiba occur. If such an event occurs, the balance of the Guarantee Obligations will become immediately due and payable, and the Vogtle Owners may exercise any and all rights and remedies, including drawing on the Westinghouse Letters of Credit without restriction. In addition, the Guarantee Settlement Agreement does not restrict the Vogtle Owners from fully drawing on the Westinghouse Letters of Credit in the event they are not renewed or replaced prior to the expiration date.
On June 23, 2017, Toshiba released a revised outlook for fiscal year 2016, which reflected a negative shareholders' equity balance of approximately $5 billion as of March 31, 2017, and announced that its independent audit process was continuing. Toshiba has also announced the existence of material events and conditions that raise substantial doubt about Toshiba's ability to continue as a going concern. As a result, substantial risk regarding the Vogtle Owners' ability to fully collect the Guarantee Obligations continues to exist. An inability or other failure by Toshiba to perform its obligations under the Guarantee Settlement Agreement could have a further material impact on the net cost to the Vogtle Owners to complete construction of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 and, therefore, on Southern Company's and Georgia Power's financial statements.
Additionally, on June 9, 2017, Georgia Power, acting for itself and as agent for the other Vogtle Owners, and the EPC Contractor entered into a services agreement (Services Agreement), which was amended and restated on July 20, 2017, for the EPC Contractor to transition construction management of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 to Southern Nuclear and to provide ongoing design, engineering, and procurement services to Southern Nuclear. On July 20, 2017, the bankruptcy court approved the EPC Contractor's motion seeking authorization to (i) enter into the Services Agreement, (ii) assume and assign to the Vogtle Owners certain project-related contracts, (iii) join the


Vogtle Owners as counterparties to certain assumed project-related contracts, and (iv) reject the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement. The Services Agreement, and the EPC Contractor's rejection of the Vogtle 3 and 4 Agreement, became effective upon approval by the DOE on July 27, 2017. The Services Agreement will continue until the start-up and testing of Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 is complete and electricity is generated and sold from both units. The Services Agreement is terminable by the Vogtle Owners upon 30 days' written notice.
Georgia Power and the other Vogtle Owners are continuing to conduct comprehensive schedule and cost-to-complete assessments, as well as cancellation cost assessments, to determine the impact of the EPC Contractor's bankruptcy filing on the construction cost and schedule for Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4. Georgia Power's preliminary assessment results indicate that its proportionate share of the remaining estimated cost to complete Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 ranges as follows:
Preliminary in-service dates   
Unit 3February 2021March 2022
Unit 4February 2022March 2023
 (in billions)
Preliminary estimated cost to complete$3.9
$4.6
CWIP as of June 30, 20174.5
 4.5
Guarantee Obligations(1.7) (1.7)
Estimated capital costs$6.7
$7.4
Vogtle Cost Settlement Agreement Revised Forecast(5.7) (5.7)
Estimated net additional capital costs$1.0
$1.7
Georgia Power's estimates for cost to complete and schedule are based on preliminary analysis and remain subject to further refinement of labor productivity and consumable and commodity quantities and costs.
Georgia Power's estimated financing costs during the construction period total approximately $3.1 billion to $3.5 billion, of which approximately $1.4 billion had been incurred through June 30, 2017.
Georgia Power's preliminary cancellation cost estimate results indicate that its proportionate share of the estimated cancellation costs is approximately $400 million. As a result, as of June 30, 2017, total estimated costs subject to evaluation by Georgia Power and the Georgia PSC in the event of a cancellation decision are as follows:
 Preliminary Cancellation Cost Estimate
 (in billions)
CWIP as of June 30, 2017$4.5
Financing costs collected, net of tax1.4
Cancellation costs(*)
0.4
Total$6.3
(*)The estimate for cancellation costs includes, but is not limited to, costs to terminate contracts for construction and other services, as well as costs to secure the Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4 construction site.
The Guarantee Obligations continue to exist in the event of cancellation. In addition, under Georgia law, prudently incurred costs related to certificated projects cancelled by the Georgia PSC are allowed recovery, including carrying costs, in future retail rates. Georgia Power will continue working with the Georgia PSC and the other Vogtle Owners to determine future actions related to Plant Vogtle Units 3 and 4, including, but not limited to, the status of construction and rate recovery, and currently expects to include its recommendation in its seventeenth Vogtle Construction Monitoring report to be filed with the Georgia PSC in late August 2017.


The ultimate outcome of these matters is dependent on the completion of the assessments described above, as well as the related regulatory treatment, and cannot be determined at this time.
Item 6.    Exhibits.
The exhibits below with an asterisk (*) preceding the exhibit number are filed herewith. The remaining exhibits have previously been filed with the SEC and are incorporated herein by reference. The exhibits marked with a pound sign (#) are management contracts or compensatory plans or arrangements.
  (4) Instruments Describing Rights of Security Holders, Including Indentures
     
  Southern Company
*(a)1-Fourth Supplemental Indenture to Junior Subordinated Note Indenture, dated as of June 21, 2017, providing for the issuance of the Series 2017A 5.325% Junior Subordinated Notes due June 21, 2057.
*(a)2-Nineteenth Supplemental Indenture to Senior Note Indenture, dated as of June 21, 2017, providing for the issuance of the Series 2017A Floating Rate Senior Notes due September 30, 2020.
GeorgiaMississippi Power
     
  (c)(e)1-Amendment No. 3,
     
  Gulf Power
(d)(e)2-Twenty-Second
Southern Company Gas
(g)1-Form of Southern Company Gas Capital Corporation's Series 2017A 4.400% Senior Notes due May 30, 2047. (Designated in Form 8-K dated May 4, 2017, File No. 1-14174, as Exhibit 4.1.)
(g)2-Form of Southern Company Gas' Guarantee related to the Series 2017A 4.400% Senior Notes due May 30, 2047. (Designated in Form 8-K dated May 4, 2017, File No. 1-14174, as Exhibit 4.3.)
     
  (10) Material Contracts
   
  GeorgiaSouthern Company
*(a)1-
*(a)2-
*(a)3-
Alabama Power
     
  (c)(b)1-Third Amendment No. 2 to Interim Assessment Agreement dated as of March 29, 2017, by and among Georgia Power, for itself and as agent for Oglethorpe Power Corporation, Municipal Electric Authority of Georgia, and The City of Dalton, Georgia, acting by and through its Board of Water, Light and Sinking Fund Commissioners, and Westinghouse, WECTEC Staffing Services LLC, and WECTEC. (Designated in Form 8-K dated May 12, 2017, File No. 1-6468, asSouthern Company Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan effective April 1, 2018. See Exhibit 10.1.)10(a)1 herein.
  (c)
(b)2-Third Amendment No. to The Southern Company Supplemental Benefit Plan effective April 1, 2018. See Exhibit 10(a)2 herein.
(b)3-First Amendment to Amended and Restated Southern Company Change in Control Benefits Protection Plan, effective March 1, 2018. See Exhibit 10(a)3 herein.
Mississippi Power
(e)1-Third Amendment to Interim Assessment Agreement dated as ofThe Southern Company Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan effective April 1, 2018. See Exhibit 10(a)1 herein.
(e)2-Third Amendment to The Southern Company Supplemental Benefit Plan effective April 1, 2018. See Exhibit 10(a)2 herein.
(e)3-First Amendment to Amended and Restated Southern Company Change in Control Benefits Protection Plan, effective March 29, 2017, by and among Georgia Power, for itself and as agent for Oglethorpe Power Corporation, Municipal Electric Authority of Georgia, and The City of Dalton, Georgia, acting by and through its Board of Water, Light and Sinking Fund Commissioners, and Westinghouse, WECTEC Staffing Services LLC, and WECTEC. (Designated in Form 8-K dated June 1, 2018. See Exhibit 10(a)3 2017, File No. 1-6468, as Exhibit 10.1.)herein.

(c)3-Amendment No. 4 to Interim Assessment Agreement dated as of March 29, 2017, by and among Georgia Power, for itself and as agent for Oglethorpe Power Corporation, Municipal Electric Authority of Georgia, and The City of Dalton, Georgia, acting by and through its Board of Water, Light and Sinking Fund Commissioners, and Westinghouse, WECTEC Staffing Services LLC, and WECTEC. (Designated in Form 8-K dated June 5, 2017, File No. 1-6468, as Exhibit 10.1.)
(c)4-Amendment No. 5 to Interim Assessment Agreement dated as of March 29, 2017, by and among Georgia Power, for itself and as agent for Oglethorpe Power Corporation, Municipal Electric Authority of Georgia, and The City of Dalton, Georgia, acting by and through its Board of Water, Light and Sinking Fund Commissioners, and Westinghouse, WECTEC Staffing Services LLC, and WECTEC. (Designated in Form 8-K dated June 16, 2017, File No. 1-6468, as Exhibit 10.2.)
(c)5-Amendment No. 6 to Interim Assessment Agreement dated as of March 29, 2017, by and among Georgia Power, for itself and as agent for Oglethorpe Power Corporation, Municipal Electric Authority of Georgia, and The City of Dalton, Georgia, acting by and through its Board of Water, Light and Sinking Fund Commissioners, and Westinghouse, WECTEC Staffing Services LLC, and WECTEC. (Designated in Form 8-K dated June 22, 2017, File No. 1-6468, as Exhibit 10.1.)
(c)6-Amendment No. 7 to Interim Assessment Agreement dated as of March 29, 2017, by and among Georgia Power, for itself and as agent for Oglethorpe Power Corporation, Municipal Electric Authority of Georgia, and The City of Dalton, Georgia, acting by and through its Board of Water, Light and Sinking Fund Commissioners, and Westinghouse, WECTEC Staffing Services LLC, and WECTEC. (Designated in Form 8-K dated June 28, 2017, File No. 1-6468, as Exhibit 10.1.)
(c)7-Amendment No. 8 to Interim Assessment Agreement dated as of March 29, 2017, by and among Georgia Power, for itself and as agent for Oglethorpe Power Corporation, Municipal Electric Authority of Georgia, and The City of Dalton, Georgia, acting by and through its Board of Water, Light and Sinking Fund Commissioners, and Westinghouse, WECTEC Staffing Services LLC, and WECTEC. (Designated in Form 8-K dated July 20, 2017, File No. 1-6468, as Exhibit 10.1.)
(c)8-Settlement Agreement dated as of June 9, 2017, by and among Georgia Power, Oglethorpe Power Corporation, Municipal Electric Authority of Georgia, The City of Dalton, Georgia, acting by and through its Board of Water, Light and Sinking Fund Commissioners, and Toshiba Corporation. (Designated in Form 8-K dated June 16, 2017, File No. 1-6468, as Exhibit 10.1.)
*(c)9-Amended and Restated Services Agreement dated as of June 20, 2017, by and among Georgia Power, for itself and as agent for Oglethorpe Power Corporation, Municipal Electric Authority of Georgia, MEAG Power SPVJ, LLC, MEAG Power SPVM, LLC, MEAG Power SPVP, LLC, and The City of Dalton, acting by and through its Board of Water, Light and Sinking Fund Commissioners, and Westinghouse and WECTEC. (Georgia Power has requested confidential treatment for certain portions of this document pursuant to an application for confidential treatment sent to the SEC. Georgia Power omitted such portions from the filing and filed them separately with the SEC.)
  (24) Power of Attorney and Resolutions
     
  Southern Company
     
  (a)-
     
  Alabama Power
     
  (b)-
     

  Georgia Power
     
  (c)1-
     
  Gulf Power
     
  (d)1-
     
  Mississippi Power
     
  (e)-
     
  Southern Power
     
  (f)1-
*(f)2-
     
  Southern Company Gas
     
  (g)-
     
  (31) Section 302 Certifications
     
  Southern Company
     
 *(a)1-
     
 *(a)2-
     
  Alabama Power
     
 *(b)1-
     
 *(b)2-
     
  Georgia Power
     
 *(c)1-
     
 *(c)2-

     
  Gulf Power
     
 *(d)1-
     
 *(d)2-
     
  Mississippi Power
     
 *(e)1-
     

 *(e)2-
     
  Southern Power
     
 *(f)1-
     
 *(f)2-
     
  Southern Company Gas
     
 *(g)1-
     
 *(g)2-
     
  (32) Section 906 Certifications
     
  Southern Company
     
 *(a)-
     
  Alabama Power
     
 *(b)-
     
  Georgia Power
     
 *(c)-
     
  Gulf Power
     
 *(d)-
     
  Mississippi Power
     
 *(e)-
     
  Southern Power
     
 *(f)-
     

  Southern Company Gas
     
 *(g)-
     

  (101) Interactive Data Files
     
 *INS-XBRL Instance Document
 *SCH-XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
 *CAL-XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document
 *DEF-XBRL Definition Linkbase Document
 *LAB-XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document
 *PRE-XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document

THE SOUTHERN COMPANY
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. The signature of the undersigned company shall be deemed to relate only to matters having reference to such company and any subsidiaries thereof included in such company's report.
 
  THE SOUTHERN COMPANY
    
By Thomas A. Fanning
  Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer
  (Principal Executive Officer)
    
By Art P. Beattie
  Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
  (Principal Financial Officer)
    
By /s/ Melissa K. Caen 
  (Melissa K. Caen, Attorney-in-fact) 
Date: AugustMay 1, 20172018

ALABAMA POWER COMPANY
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. The signature of the undersigned company shall be deemed to relate only to matters having reference to such company and any subsidiaries thereof included in such company's report.
 
  ALABAMA POWER COMPANY
    
By Mark A. Crosswhite 
  Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer
  (Principal Executive Officer)
    
By Philip C. Raymond
  Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer
  (Principal Financial Officer)
    
By /s/ Melissa K. Caen 
  (Melissa K. Caen, Attorney-in-fact) 
Date: AugustMay 1, 20172018

GEORGIA POWER COMPANY
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. The signature of the undersigned company shall be deemed to relate only to matters having reference to such company and any subsidiaries thereof included in such company's report.
 
  GEORGIA POWER COMPANY
    
By W. Paul Bowers
  Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer
  (Principal Executive Officer)
    
By W. Ron HinsonXia Liu
  Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer
  (Principal Financial Officer)
    
By /s/ Melissa K. Caen 
  (Melissa K. Caen, Attorney-in-fact) 
Date: AugustMay 1, 20172018

GULF POWER COMPANY
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. The signature of the undersigned company shall be deemed to relate only to matters having reference to such company and any subsidiaries thereof included in such company's report.
 
  GULF POWER COMPANY
    
By S. W. Connally, Jr.
  Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
  (Principal Executive Officer)
    
By Xia LiuRobin B. Boren
  Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer
  (Principal Financial Officer)
    
By /s/ Melissa K. Caen 
  (Melissa K. Caen, Attorney-in-fact) 
Date: AugustMay 1, 20172018

MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. The signature of the undersigned company shall be deemed to relate only to matters having reference to such company and any subsidiaries thereof included in such company's report.
 
  MISSISSIPPI POWER COMPANY
    
By Anthony L. Wilson
  Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer
  (Principal Executive Officer)
    
By Moses H. Feagin
  Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer
  (Principal Financial Officer)
    
By /s/ Melissa K. Caen 
  (Melissa K. Caen, Attorney-in-fact) 
Date: AugustMay 1, 20172018

SOUTHERN POWER COMPANY
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. The signature of the undersigned company shall be deemed to relate only to matters having reference to such company and any subsidiaries thereof included in such company's report.
 
  SOUTHERN POWER COMPANY
    
By Joseph A. MillerMark S. Lantrip
  Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer
  (Principal Executive Officer)
    
By William C. Grantham
  Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer
  (Principal Financial Officer)
    
By /s/ Melissa K. Caen 
  (Melissa K. Caen, Attorney-in-fact) 
Date: AugustMay 1, 20172018

SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. The signature of the undersigned company shall be deemed to relate only to matters having reference to such company and any subsidiaries thereof included in such company's report.
 
  SOUTHERN COMPANY GAS
    
By Andrew W. Evans
  Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer
  (Principal Executive Officer)
    
By Elizabeth W. Reese
  Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Treasurer
  (Principal Financial Officer)
    
By /s/ Melissa K. Caen 
  (Melissa K. Caen, Attorney-in-fact) 
Date: AugustMay 1, 20172018


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