UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q



ý☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019



o☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 1-1169

THE TIMKEN ~~COMPANY~~COMPANY

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



~~OHIO~~Ohio		34-0577130
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

4500 Mount Pleasant Street NW
North Canton	Ohio	44720-5450
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

~~234.262.3000~~234.262.3000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý☒ No o☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically ~~and posted on its corporate Web site, if any,~~ every Interactive Data File required to be submitted ~~and posted~~ pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit ~~and post~~ such files). Yes ý☒ No o☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer	ý☒	Accelerated filer	o☐

Non-accelerated filer	o☐	Smaller reporting company	o☐

		Emerging growth company	o☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes o☐ No ý☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common shares, as of the latest practicable date.



	Class		Outstanding at June 30, ~~2018~~2019
	Common Shares, without par value		~~77,107,246~~76,041,513 shares

THE TIMKEN COMPANY

INDEX TO FORM 10-Q REPORT



			PAGE
I.	PART I.
	Item 1.	Financial Statements	1
	Item 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2827
	Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	4644
	Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	4644
II.	PART II.
	Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	4745
	Item1A.	Risk Factors	4745
	Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	4745
	Item 6.	Exhibits	4846

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

THE TIMKEN COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

Consolidated Statements of Income

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017			2019			2018			2019			2018
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)
Net sales	$	906.3		$	750.6		$	1,789.4		$	1,454.4		$	1,000.0		$	906.3		$	1,979.7		$	1,789.4
Cost of products sold	638.9			549.5			1,257.1			1,071.1			694.3			638.9			1,371.4			1,257.1
Gross Profit	267.4			201.1			532.3			383.3			305.7			267.4			608.3			532.3
Selling, general and administrative expenses	141.8			123.9			290.4			241.5			158.7			141.8			311.4			290.4
Impairment and restructuring charges	0.3			0.8			0.5			2.5			1.9			0.3			1.9			0.5
Operating Income	125.3			76.4			241.4			139.3			145.1			125.3			295.0			241.4
Interest expense	(10.7		)	(8.5		)	(20.7		)	(16.4		)	(19.3		)	(10.7		)	(37.3		)	(20.7		)
Interest income	0.5			0.7			0.9			1.3			1.1			0.5			2.4			0.9
Non-service pension and other postretirement income													0.2			4.1			0.3			5.7
Other income, net	7.0			5.3			9.3			3.3			1.4			2.9			4.7			3.6
Income Before Income Taxes	122.1			73.9			230.9			127.5			128.5			122.1			265.1			230.9
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	30.2			(8.1		)	58.5			7.4
Provision for income taxes													33.6			30.2			74.9			58.5
Net Income	91.9			82.0			172.4			120.1			94.9			91.9			190.2			172.4
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest	0.9			(0.5		)	1.2			(0.6		)
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest													2.4			0.9			5.8			1.2
Net Income Attributable to The Timken Company	$	91.0		$	82.5		$	171.2		$	120.7		$	92.5		$	91.0		$	184.4		$	171.2

Net Income per Common Share Attributable to The Timken Company Common Shareholders
Basic earnings per share	$	1.18		$	1.06		$	2.21		$	1.55		$	1.22		$	1.18		$	2.43		$	2.21

Diluted earnings per share	$	1.16		$	1.04		$	2.17		$	1.53		$	1.20		$	1.16		$	2.39		$	2.17

Dividends per share	$	0.28		$	0.27		$	0.55		$	0.53

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017			2019			2018			2019			2018
(Dollars in millions)
Net Income	$	91.9		$	82.0		$	172.4		$	120.1		$	94.9		$	91.9		$	190.2		$	172.4
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(46.6		)	11.5			(38.2		)	31.9			5.1			(46.6		)	0.9			(38.2		)
Pension and postretirement liability adjustment	—			—			—			0.1			—			—			(0.1		)	—
Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments	3.6			(1.4		)	4.4			(2.2		)	(0.8		)	3.6			(1.4		)	4.4
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax	(43.0		)	10.1			(33.8		)	29.8
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax													4.3			(43.0		)	(0.6		)	(33.8		)
Comprehensive Income, net of tax	48.9			92.1			138.6			149.9			99.2			48.9			189.6			138.6
Less: comprehensive (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interest	(1.4		)	(1.1		)	(1.7		)	1.4
Less: comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest													3.1			(1.4		)	7.4			(1.7		)
Comprehensive Income Attributable to The Timken Company	$	50.3		$	93.2		$	140.3		$	148.5		$	96.1		$	50.3		$	182.2		$	140.3

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Consolidated Balance Sheets


	(Unaudited)						(Unaudited)
	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017			June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
(Dollars in millions)
ASSETS
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	145.2		$	121.6		$	166.8		$	132.5
Restricted cash	1.4			3.8			0.6			0.6
Accounts receivable, less allowances (2018 – $19.1 million; 2017 – $20.3 million)	530.2			524.9
Contract assets	127.5			—
Accounts receivable, less allowances (2019 – $19.7 million; 2018 – $21.9 million)							589.9			546.6
Unbilled receivables							153.3			116.6
Inventories, net	777.4			738.9			843.8			835.7
Deferred charges and prepaid expenses	25.3			29.7			29.3			28.2
Other current assets	92.8			81.2			83.0			77.0
Total Current Assets	1,699.8			1,500.1			1,866.7			1,737.2
Property, Plant and Equipment, net	834.5			864.2			912.0			912.1
Operating Lease Assets							117.3			—
Other Assets
Goodwill	493.7			511.8			969.4			960.5
Other intangible assets							731.5			733.2
Non-current pension assets	26.0			19.7			10.9			6.2
Other intangible assets	389.0			420.6
Deferred income taxes	55.1			61.0			49.4			59.0
Other non-current assets	29.9			25.0			17.0			37.0
Total Other Assets	993.7			1,038.1			1,778.2			1,795.9
Total Assets	$	3,528.0		$	3,402.4		$	4,674.2		$	4,445.2
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current Liabilities
Short-term debt	$	162.3		$	105.4		$	37.3		$	33.6
Current portion of long-term debt	2.7			2.7			9.0			9.4
Short-term operating lease liabilities							29.5			—
Accounts payable, trade	253.2			265.2			291.6			273.2
Salaries, wages and benefits	111.4			127.9			134.3			174.9
Income taxes payable	15.1			9.8			26.4			23.5
Other current liabilities	166.5			160.7			168.2			171.0
Total Current Liabilities	711.2			671.7			696.3			685.6
Non-Current Liabilities
Long-term debt	881.4			854.2			1,642.6			1,638.6
Accrued pension cost	165.7			167.3			162.6			161.3
Accrued postretirement benefits cost	122.2			122.6			109.3			108.7
Long-term operating lease liabilities							73.0			—
Deferred income taxes	40.4			44.0			128.7			138.0
Other non-current liabilities	54.8			67.7			78.1			70.3
Total Non-Current Liabilities	1,264.5			1,255.8			2,194.3			2,116.9
Shareholders’ Equity
Class I and II Serial Preferred Stock, without par value:
Authorized – 10,000,000 shares each class, none issued	—			—			—			—
Common shares, without par value:
Authorized – 200,000,000 shares
Issued (including shares in treasury) (2018 – 98,375,135 shares; 2017 – 98,375,135 shares)
Issued (including shares in treasury) (2019 – 98,375,135 shares; 2018 – 98,375,135 shares)
Stated capital	53.1			53.1			53.1			53.1
Other paid-in capital	907.2			903.8			941.3			951.9
Earnings invested in the business	1,545.3			1,408.4			1,772.0			1,630.2
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(69.9		)	(38.3		)	(97.5		)	(95.3		)
Treasury shares at cost (2018 – 21,267,889 shares; 2017 – 20,672,133 shares)	(913.9		)	(884.3		)
Treasury shares at cost (2019 – 22,333,622 shares; 2018 – 22,421,213 shares)							(957.6		)	(960.3		)
Total Shareholders’ Equity	1,521.8			1,442.7			1,711.3			1,579.6
Noncontrolling Interest	30.5			32.2			72.3			63.1
Total Equity	1,552.3			1,474.9			1,783.6			1,642.7
Total Liabilities and Equity	$	3,528.0		$	3,402.4		$	4,674.2		$	4,445.2

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)


	Six Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2019			2018
(Dollars in millions)
CASH PROVIDED (USED)
Operating Activities
Net income attributable to The Timken Company	$	171.2		$	120.7
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest	1.2			(0.6		)
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Net income							$	190.2		$	172.4
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	70.8			66.8			81.2			70.8
Loss (gain) on sale of assets	0.9			(1.1		)
Impairment charges							0.7			—
(Gain) loss on sale of assets							(1.6		)	0.9
Deferred income tax provision	0.1			7.7			1.8			0.1
Stock-based compensation expense	17.8			10.4			14.9			17.8
Pension and other postretirement expense	1.6			9.9			5.8			1.6
Pension contributions and other postretirement benefit contributions	(8.8		)	(12.2		)
Pension and other postretirement benefit contributions and payments							(8.9		)	(8.8		)
Operating lease expense							18.7			—
Operating lease payments							(17.7		)	—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(86.4		)	(46.0		)	(35.9		)	(86.4		)
Contract assets	(27.8		)	—
Unbilled receivables							(36.6		)	(27.8		)
Inventories	(79.9		)	(38.1		)	16.6			(79.9		)
Accounts payable, trade	(8.4		)	50.5			13.4			(8.4		)
Other accrued expenses	(2.4		)	2.0			(45.1		)	(2.4		)
Income taxes	(3.8		)	(56.7		)	0.6			(3.8		)
Other, net	11.7			1.2			11.8			11.7
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities	57.8			114.5			209.9			57.8
Investing Activities
Capital expenditures	(39.6		)	(39.9		)	(39.2		)	(39.6		)
Acquisitions, net of cash received	—			(64.1		)	(83.0		)	—
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment	0.2			2.5
Investments in short-term marketable securities, net	3.1			(7.1		)
Other	0.3			(0.3		)	2.4			3.6
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities	(36.0		)	(108.9		)	(119.8		)	(36.0		)
Financing Activities
Cash dividends paid to shareholders	(42.7		)	(41.4		)	(42.6		)	(42.7		)
Purchase of treasury shares	(49.6		)	(27.0		)	(23.6		)	(49.6		)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	10.6			25.7			8.9			10.6
Shares surrendered for taxes	(5.0		)	(9.4		)
Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation							(8.1		)	(5.0		)
Accounts receivable facility borrowings	52.1			46.1			25.0			52.1
Accounts receivable facility payments	(18.6		)	(12.1		)	—			(18.6		)
Proceeds from long-term debt	130.0			478.3			292.0			130.0
Payments on long-term debt	(94.2		)	(186.4		)	(310.4		)	(94.2		)
Deferred financing costs							(1.9		)	—
Short-term debt activity, net	26.3			6.2			3.8			26.3
Other	(1.0		)	—			—			(1.0		)
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities	7.9			280.0
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities							(56.9		)	7.9
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(8.5		)	10.7			1.1			(8.5		)
Increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash	21.2			296.3			34.3			21.2
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year	125.4			151.6			133.1			125.4
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash at End of Period	$	146.6		$	447.9		$	167.4		$	146.6

See accompanying Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

(Dollars in millions, except per share data)

Note 1 - Basis of Presentation

The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) for The Timken Company (the "Company") have been prepared in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and do not include all of the information and notes required by the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("U.S. GAAP") for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) and disclosures considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. For further information, refer to the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying Notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2017~~2018.

Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies

The Company's significant accounting policies are detailed in "Note 1 - Significant Accounting Policies" of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2017.~~2018. In ~~May 2014,~~February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") ~~2014-09, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers~~2016-02, "Leases (Topic ~~606)~~842)", which was adopted by the Company on January 1, ~~2018. Also, in March~~2019. In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU ~~2017-07, “Compensation - Retirement Benefits~~2017-12, "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic ~~715)~~815): ~~Improving~~Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities", which was adopted by the ~~Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.” Significant changes~~Company on January 1, 2019. Updates to the Company's accounting policies as a result of adopting ASU ~~2014-09 (the “new revenue standard”)~~2016-02 and ASU ~~2017-07~~2017-12 are discussed ~~below:~~

~~Revenue:~~

A contract exists when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance and collectibility of consideration is probable.

Revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of a contract with a customer of the Company are satisfied. A majority of the Company's revenue is from short-term, fixed-price contracts and continues to be recognized as of a point in time when products are shipped from the Company's manufacturing facilities or at a later point in time when control of the products transfers to the customer. Revenue was previously recognized for services and certain sales of customer-specific product at the point in time when the shipping terms were satisfied. Under the new revenue standard, the Company now recognizes revenue over time as it satisfies the performance obligations because of the continuous transfer of control to the customer, supported as follows:

For certain service contracts, this continuous transfer of control to the customer occurs as the Company's service enhances assets that the customer owns and controls at all times and the Company is contractually entitled to payment for work performed to date plus a reasonable margin.

For United States ("U.S.") government contracts, the customer is allowed to unilaterally terminate the contract for convenience, and is required to pay the Company for costs incurred plus a reasonable margin and take control of any work in process.

For certain non-U.S. government contracts involving customer-specific products, the customer controls the work in process based on contractual termination clauses or restrictions of the Company's use of the product and the Company possesses a right to payment for work performed to date plus a reasonable margin.

As a result of control transferring over time for these products and services, revenue is recognized based on progress toward completion of the performance obligation. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the products or services to be provided. The Company has elected to use the cost-to-cost input measure of progress for these contracts because it best depicts the transfer of goods or services to the customer based on incurring costs on the contracts. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. Revenues are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred.

The pricing and payment terms for non-U.S. government contracts is based on the Company's standard terms and conditions or the result of specific negotiations with each customer. The Company's standard terms and conditions require payment 30 days from the invoice date, but the timing of payment for specific negotiated terms may vary. The Company also has both prime and subcontracts in support of the provision of goods and services to the U.S. government. Certain of these contracts are subject to the Federal Acquisition Regulation ("FAR") and are priced commercially based on a competitive market. Under the payment terms of those U.S. government fixed-price contracts, the customer pays the Company performance-based payments, which are interim payments of up to 80% of the contract price for costs incurred to date based on quantifiable measures of performance or on the achievement of specified events or milestones. Because the customer retains a portion of the contract price until completion of such contracts, certain of these U.S. government fixed-price contracts result in revenue recognized in excess of billings, which is presented within "Contract assets" on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. The portion of the payments retained by the customer until final contract settlement is not considered a significant financing component because the intent is to protect the customer.

Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. Sales, value add, and other taxes the Company collects concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue. As a practical expedient, the Company may not assess whether promised goods or services are performance obligations, if they are immaterial in the context of the contract with the customer, and combine these with other performance obligations. The Company has elected to recognize incremental costs incurred to obtain contracts, which primarily represent commissions paid to third-party sales agents where the amortization period would be less than one year, as "Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses" in the Consolidated Statement of Income as incurred. The Company has also elected not to adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of any significant financing component where the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when the Company transfers a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less. Finally, the Company's policy is to exclude performance obligations resulting from contracts with a duration of one year or less from its disclosures related to remaining performance obligations.

The amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for the goods and services is not generally subject to significant variations. However, the Company does offer certain customers rebates, prompt payment discounts, end-user discounts, the right to return eligible products, and/or other forms of variable consideration. The Company estimates this variable consideration using the expected value amount, which is based on historical experience. The Company includes estimated amounts in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. The Company adjusts the estimate of revenue at the earlier of when the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive changes or when the consideration becomes fixed. The Company recognizes the cost of freight and shipping when control of the products or services has transferred to the customer as an expense in "Cost of products sold" on the Consolidated Statement of Income, because those are costs incurred to fulfill the promise recognized, not a separate performance obligation. To the extent certain freight and shipping fees are charged to customers, the Company recognizes the amounts charged to customers as revenues and the related costs as an expense in "Cost of products sold" when control of the related products or services has transferred to the customer.

Contracts are occasionally modified to account for changes in contract specifications, requirements, and pricing. The Company considers contract modifications to exist when the modification either creates new or changes the existing enforceable rights and obligations. Substantially all of the Company's contract modifications are for goods or services that are distinct from the existing contract. Therefore, the effect of a contract modification on the transaction price and the Company's measure of progress for the performance obligation to which it relates is generally recognized on a prospective basis.

~~Accounts Receivable, Less Allowances:~~

"Accounts receivable, less allowances" on the Consolidated Balance Sheet include amounts billed and currently due from customers. The amounts due are stated at their net estimated realizable value. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts, which represents an estimate of the losses expected from the accounts receivable portfolio, to reduce accounts receivable to their net realizable value. The allowance is based upon historical trends in collections and write-offs, management's judgment of the probability of collecting accounts and management's evaluation of business risk. The Company extends credit to customers satisfying pre-defined credit criteria. The Company believes it has limited concentration of credit risk due to the diversity of its customer base.

Prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the Company recognized a portion of its revenues on the percentage-of-completion method measured on the cost-to-cost basis. As of December 31, 2017, revenue recognized in excess of billings of $67.3 million related to these revenues were included in "Accounts receivable, less allowances" on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. In accordance with the new revenue standard, $82.4 million of revenue recognized in excess of billings related to these revenues are included in "Contract assets" on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at June 30, 2018.

~~Contract Assets:~~

"Contract assets" on the Consolidated Balance Sheet primarily include unbilled amounts typically resulting from sales under long-term contracts when the cost-to-cost method of revenue recognition is utilized, the revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer and the right to payment is not just subject to the passage of time. Amounts may not exceed their net realizable value.

~~Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits:~~

With the adoption of ASU 2017-07 on January 1, 2018, service cost is included in other employee compensation costs within operating income and is the only component that may be capitalized when applicable. The other components of net periodic benefit cost are presented separately outside of operating income. Also, actuarial gains and losses are excluded from segment results, while all other components of net periodic benefit cost will continue to be included within segment results.below.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements:

New Accounting Guidance Adopted:

~~Revenue recognition~~

~~The new revenue standard introduces a five-step revenue recognition model in which an entity should recognize revenue~~In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)." ASU 2016-02 was issued to ~~depict~~increase transparency and comparability among entities by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The new revenue standard also requires disclosures sufficient to enable users to understand the nature, amount, timingbalance sheet and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers, including qualitative and quantitative disclosures about contracts with customers, significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from the costs to obtain or fulfill a contract. For furtherdisclosing key information about ~~the Company's revenues from contracts with customers, refer to~~ ~~Note 11 - Revenue~~.

~~On January 1, 2018, the~~lease arrangements. The Company adopted the new ~~revenue~~leasing standard on January 1, 2019 using the cumulative-effect adjustment transition method. The Company also elected several practical expedients to not asses the following as part of adoption: (1) whether any expired or existing contracts contain leases; (2) the lease classification between finance and ~~all~~operating leases for any expired or existing leases; and (3) the recognition of initial direct costs for existing leases. The Company also elected to not recognize leases with a term of 12 months or less on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The adoption of the ~~related amendments using~~lease standard had no impact to the ~~modified retrospective method and applied those provisions to all open contracts.~~Company's consolidated results of operations or the captions on the consolidated statements of cash flows. The ~~Company recognized the~~ cumulative effect of ~~initially applying~~ the new revenue standard as an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods.

~~The cumulative effect of~~ changes made to the balance sheet as of January 1, ~~2018~~2019 for the adoption of the new ~~revenue~~lease standard was as follows:



	Balance at December 31, 2018		Effect of Accounting Change			Balance at January 1, 2019
Operating lease assets	$	—	$	114.1		$	114.1
Other intangible assets	733.2		0.7			733.9
Other non-current assets ⁽¹⁾	37.0		(15.3		)	21.7
Total Assets	4,445.2		99.5			4,544.7

Short-term operating lease liability	—		29.8			29.8
Long-term operating lease liability	—		69.7			69.7
Total Liabilities	$	2,802.5	$	99.5		$	2,902.0

Balance at December 31, 2017 Effect of Accounting Change Balance at January 1, 2018
ASSETS
     Accounts receivable, less allowances $ 524.9
$ (67.3 ) $ 457.6
     Contract assets —
100.5
100.5
     Inventories, net 738.9
(22.9 ) 716.0
     Other current assets 81.2
3.0
84.2
     Deferred income taxes 61.0
(2.6 ) 58.4
LIABILITIES
     Other current liabilities 160.7
3.0
163.7
EQUITY
     Earnings invested in the business 1,408.4
7.7
1,416.1

~~The tables below reflect changes~~⁽¹⁾Due to ~~financial statement line items as a result of adopting~~ the ~~new revenue standard. The~~ adoption of the new ~~revenue~~leasing standard, ~~did not have an impact on "Net cash used in~~the Company recognized operating ~~activities"~~lease assets and corresponding operating lease liabilities on the Consolidated ~~Statement~~Balance Sheet. In conjunction with the adoption of ~~Cash Flows for~~ the ~~six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2018.~~

~~Consolidated Statement~~new leasing standard, the Company reclassified $15.3 million of ~~Income for~~lease assets related to purchase accounting adjustments from the ABC Bearings Limited ("ABC Bearings") acquisition from Other assets to Operating lease assets. These assets do not have material corresponding lease liabilities.~~three~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2018:~~

Previous Accounting Method Effect of Accounting Change As Reported
Net sales $ 899.0
$ 7.3
$ 906.3
Cost of products sold 634.5
4.4
638.9
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 141.3
0.5
141.8
Income before income taxes 119.7
2.4
122.1
Provision for income taxes 29.6
0.6
30.2
Net income 90.1
1.8
91.9
Net income attributable to The Timken Company $ 89.2
$ 1.8
$ 91.0
Basic earnings per share $ 1.16
$ 0.02
$ 1.18
Diluted earnings per share $ 1.14
$ 0.02
$ 1.16

~~Consolidated Statement of Income for the~~ ~~six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2018:~~

Previous Accounting Method Effect of Accounting Change As Reported
Net sales $ 1,778.1
$ 11.3
$ 1,789.4
Cost of products sold 1,251.0
6.1
1,257.1
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 289.3
1.1
290.4
Income before income taxes 226.8
4.1
230.9
Provision for income taxes 57.5
1.0
58.5
Net income 169.3
3.1
172.4
Net income attributable to The Timken Company $ 168.1
$ 3.1
$ 171.2
Basic earnings per share $ 2.17
$ 0.04
$ 2.21
Diluted earnings per share $ 2.13
$ 0.04
$ 2.17

~~Consolidated Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2018:~~

Previous Accounting Method Effect of Accounting Change As Reported
ASSETS
     Accounts receivable, less allowances $ 614.3
$ (84.1 ) $ 530.2
     Contract assets —
127.5
127.5
     Inventories, net 806.4
(29.0 ) 777.4
     Other current assets 89.4
3.4
92.8
     Deferred income taxes 58.7
(3.6 ) 55.1
LIABILITIES
     Other current liabilities 163.1
3.4
166.5
EQUITY
     Earnings invested in the business 1,534.5
10.8
1,545.3

~~Pension and other postretirement benefits~~

As mentioned above, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, “Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost,” in March 2017. The Company ~~adopted ASU 2017-07~~determines if any arrangement is a lease at the inception of a contract. For leases where the Company is the lessee, it recognizes lease assets and related lease liabilities at the lease commencement date based on ~~January 1, 2018 on a retrospective basis, which resulted in~~ the ~~reclassification~~present value of ~~certain amounts from "Cost~~lease payments over the lease term. Most of ~~products sold" and "Selling, general and administrative expenses" to "Other income (expense)" in~~ the ~~Consolidated Statement of Income.~~Company’s leases do not provide an implicit interest rate. As a result, ~~prior period amounts impacted have been revised accordingly.~~

~~The following tables reflect the changes to financial statement line items resulting from the adoption of ASU 2017-07:~~

~~For the~~ ~~three~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2017:~~

As Previously Reported Effect of Accounting Change As Adjusted
Cost of products sold $ 548.8
$ 0.7
$ 549.5
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 123.8
0.1
123.9
Operating income 77.2
(0.8 ) 76.4
Other income, net 4.5
0.8
5.3

~~For the~~ ~~six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2017:~~

As Previously Reported Effect of Accounting Change As Adjusted
Cost of products sold $ 1,072.1
$ (1.0 ) $ 1,071.1
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 243.4
(1.9 ) 241.5
Operating income 136.4
2.9
139.3
Other income (expense), net 6.2
(2.9 ) 3.3

~~For the year ended December 31, 2017:~~

As Previously Reported Effect of Accounting Change As Adjusted
Cost of products sold $ 2,193.4
$ (1.7 ) $ 2,191.7
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 521.4
(13.1 ) 508.3
Operating income 284.7
14.8
299.5
Other income (expense), net 9.4
(14.8 ) (5.4 )

~~For the year ended December 31, 2016:~~

As Previously Reported Effect of Accounting Change As Adjusted
Cost of products sold $ 2,001.3
$ (37.8 ) $ 1,963.5
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 470.7
(30.5 ) 440.2
Pension settlement charges 1.6
(1.6 ) —
Operating income 174.5
69.9
244.4
Other expense, net (0.9 ) (69.9 ) (70.8 )

~~For the year ended December 31, 2015:~~

As Previously Reported Effect of Accounting Change As Adjusted
Cost of products sold $ 2,052.8
$ 15.7
$ 2,068.5
Selling, general, and administrative expenses 457.7
26.9
484.6
Pension settlement charges 119.9
(119.9 ) —
Operating income 255.9
77.3
333.2
Other expense, net (7.5 ) (77.3 ) (84.8 )

~~Other new accounting guidance adopted~~

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash.” ASU 2016-18 requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash during the period. On January 1, 2018, the Company ~~adopted~~uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the ~~provisions~~information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of ~~ASU 2016-18~~lease payments. The lease assets also consist of amounts for favorable or unfavorable lease terms related to acquisitions. Lease expense for operating leases is recognized on a ~~retrospective~~straight-line basis ~~which resulted in~~over the ~~addition~~lease term as an operating expense while the expense for finance leases is recognized as depreciation expense and interest expense using the accelerated interest method of ~~restricted cash balances~~recognition. A lease asset and ~~movements in~~lease liability are not recorded for leases with an initial term of less than 12 months or less and the ~~Company’s Statement of Cash Flows for all periods presented. As a result, for~~lease expenses related to these leases is recognized as incurred over the ~~six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, restricted cash balances of $1.4 million and $2.9 million, respectively, were included in the Company's ending balance on the Statement of Cash Flows.~~lease term.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, "Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income." ASU 2018-02 allows for certain tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“U.S. Tax Reform”) to be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (or loss) to retained earnings. This standard is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. Also, ASU 2018-02 may be applied in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the change in the statutory income tax rate in the U.S. Tax Reform is recognized. On January 1, 2018, the Company early adopted the provisions of ASU 2018-02, with the related impact applied in the period of adoption. In doing so, the Company elected to reclassify $0.7 million of related income tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive loss to retained earnings in the first quarter of 2018.

~~New Accounting Guidance Issued and Not Yet Adopted:~~

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, "Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities", which impacts both designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedge results. ASU 2017-12 amends and clarifies the requirements to qualify for hedge accounting, removes the requirement to recognize changes in fair value from certain hedges in current earnings, and specifies the presentation of changes in fair value in the income statement for all hedging instruments. ASU 2017-12 is effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. ~~Early adoption is permitted, including in any interim period for which financial statements have not yet been issued, but~~The Company adopted ASU 2017-12 effective January 1, 2019, and the ~~effect~~impact of adoption ~~is required~~was not material to ~~be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. The Company currently does not expect the adoption of ASU 2017-12 to materially impact~~ the Company's results of operations and financial condition.

~~In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, “Intangibles - Goodwill~~New Accounting Guidance Issued and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.” Prior to the issuance of this new accounting guidance, entities first assessed qualitative factors to determine whether a two-step goodwill impairment test was necessary. When entities bypassed or failed the qualitative analysis, they were required to apply a two-step goodwill impairment test. Step 1 compared a reporting unit’s fair value to its carrying amount to determine if there is a potential impairment. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeded its fair value, Step 2 was required to be completed. Step 2 involved determining the implied fair value of goodwill and comparing it to the carrying amount of that goodwill to measure the impairment loss, if any. ASU 2017-04 eliminates Step 2 of the current goodwill impairment test, and instead will require that a goodwill impairment loss be measured at the amount by which a reporting unit's carrying amount exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. ASU 2017-04 is effective for public companies for years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted, and must be applied prospectively. While the actual effect of adopting ASU 2017-04 will not be known until the period of adoption, the Company currently does not expect it to materially impact the Company's results of operations and financial condition.Not Yet Adopted:

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments." ASU 2016-13 changes how entities will measure credit losses for most financial assets and certain other instruments that are not measured at fair value through net income. The new guidance will replace the current incurred loss approach with an expected loss model. The new expected credit loss impairment model will apply to most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments, including trade and other receivables, loans, held-to-maturity debt instruments, net investments in leases, loan commitments and standby letters of credit. Upon initial recognition of the exposure, the expected credit loss model requires entities to estimate the credit losses expected over the life of an exposure (or pool of exposures). The estimate of expected credit losses should consider historical information, current information and reasonable and supportable forecasts, including estimates of prepayments. Financial instruments with similar risk characteristics should be grouped together when estimating expected credit losses. ASU 2016-13 does not prescribe a specific method to make the estimate, so its application will require significant judgment. ASU 2016-13 is effective for public companies in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is ~~currently~~continuing to advance its analysis and evaluating the effect that the adoption of ASU 2016-13 will have on the Company's results of operations and financial condition.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)." ASU 2016-02 was issued to increase transparency and comparability among entities by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about lease arrangements. ASU 2016-02 is effective for public companies for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company plans to adopt the new standard on January 1, 2019 using the modified retrospective transition method and has created a cross-functional implementation team to identify all leases involved, determine which, if any, practical expedients to utilize, and perform all data gathering required. Additionally, the Company is implementing an enterprise-wide lease management system to assist in the related accounting and is evaluating additional changes to the related processes and internal controls to ensure requirements are met for reporting and disclosure purposes. While the assessment of the impact this new standard will have on the consolidated financial statements is ongoing, the Company expects to recognize a material right-to-use asset and lease liability for its operating lease commitments on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, but does not expect the new standard to have a material impact on its consolidated results of operations or cash flows.

Note 3 - Acquisitions

~~The Company completed three acquisitions in 2017.~~ On ~~July 3, 2017~~April 1, 2019, the Company completed the acquisition of ~~Groeneveld Group~~The Diamond Chain Company ("~~Groeneveld"~~Diamond Chain"), a leading ~~provider~~supplier of ~~automatic lubrication solutions used~~high-performance roller chains for industrial markets. Diamond Chain serves a diverse range of market sectors, including industrial distribution, material handling, food and beverage, agriculture, construction and other process industries. Diamond Chain, located in ~~on-~~Indianapolis, Indiana, operates primarily in the United States and ~~off-highway applications.~~China and had sales of approximately $60 million for the twelve months ended March 31, 2019. The purchase price for this acquisition was $84.9 million, excluding $1.8 million for cash acquired. During the six months ended June 30, 2019, the Company incurred acquisition-related costs of $1.3 million to complete this acquisition. Based on markets and customers served, the results for Diamond Chain are reported in the Process Industries segment. The following table presents the purchase price allocation at fair value, net of cash acquired, for the Diamond Chain acquisition:



	Initial Purchase Price Allocation
Assets:
Accounts receivable, net	$	6.7
Inventories, net	24.1
Other current assets	2.4
Property, plant and equipment, net	19.4
Operating lease assets	2.1
Goodwill	17.7
Other intangible assets	26.7
Other non-current assets	0.5
Total assets acquired	$	99.6
Liabilities:
Accounts payable, trade	$	5.6
Other current liabilities	4.1
Long-term operating lease liabilities	2.1
Other non-current liabilities	1.1
Total liabilities assumed	$	12.9
Noncontrolling interest acquired	1.8
Net assets and noncontrolling interest acquired	$	84.9

The following table summarizes the preliminary purchase price allocation for identifiable intangible assets acquired in 2019:



	Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation
			Weighted - Average Life
Trade names (indefinite life)	$	12.3	Indefinite
Technology and know-how	5.2		14 years
Customer relationships	9.2		16 years
Total intangible assets	$	26.7

During 2018, the Company completed three acquisitions. On ~~May 5, 2017~~September 18, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of ~~the assets of PT Tech, Inc.~~Rollon S.p.A. ("~~PT Tech"~~Rollon"), a ~~manufacturer~~leader in engineered linear motion products, specializing in the design and manufacture of ~~engineered clutches, brakes, hydraulic power take-off units~~linear guides, telescopic rails and ~~other torque management devices~~linear actuators used in ~~the mining, aggregate, wood recycling~~a wide range of industries such as passenger rail, aerospace, packaging and ~~metals industries.~~logistics, medical and automation. On ~~April 3, 2017~~September 1, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of ~~Torsion Control Products, Inc.~~Apiary Investments Holdings Limited ("~~Torsion Control Products"~~Cone Drive"), a leader in precision drives used in diverse markets including solar, automation, aerial platforms, and food and beverage. On August 30, 2018, the Company's majority-owned subsidiary, Timken India Limited ("Timken India"), completed the acquisition of ABC Bearings. Timken India issued its shares as consideration for the acquisition of ABC Bearings. ABC Bearings is a manufacturer of ~~engineered torsional couplings used~~tapered, cylindrical and spherical roller bearings and slewing rings in India. Hereafter, the ~~construction, agriculture~~ABC Bearings, Cone Drive, and ~~mining industries.~~Rollon acquisitions will be referred to collectively as the "2018 Acquisitions".

~~Certain~~In January 2019, the Company paid a working capital adjustment of $2.9 million in connection with the Cone Drive acquisition, which was accrued and reflected in the purchase price in 2018. In May 2019, the Company received a $4.8 million payment from escrow related to an indemnification settlement for the Cone Drive acquisition, which is reflected as a purchase price adjustment. This adjustment, as well as other measurement period adjustments ~~were~~ recorded in ~~2018, resulting~~2019, resulted in a ~~$3.2~~$5.0 million ~~reduction~~decrease to ~~Goodwill.~~goodwill. The following table presents the purchase price allocation at fair value, net of cash acquired, for the ~~2017 acquisitions:~~2018 Acquisitions:


	Initial Purchase Price Allocation		Adjustment			Purchase Price Allocation		Initial Purchase Price Allocation		Adjustments			Preliminary Purchase Price Allocation
Assets:
Accounts receivable, net	$	27.6				$	27.6	$	42.5				$	42.5
Inventories, net	29.4					29.4		61.6		(0.1		)	61.5
Other current assets	3.3		$	2.7		6.0		8.5		1.0			9.5
Property, plant and equipment, net	31.5					31.5		71.7		(6.3		)	65.4
Goodwill	149.7		(3.2		)	146.5		468.2		(5.0		)	463.2
Other intangible assets	173.6					173.6		372.6		2.7			375.3
Other non-current assets	1.8					1.8		20.2		(3.7		)	16.5
Total assets acquired	$	416.9	$	(0.5	)	$	416.4	$	1,045.3	$	(11.4	)	$	1,033.9
Liabilities:
Accounts payable, trade	$	9.5				$	9.5	$	35.2				$	35.2
Salaries, wages and benefits	5.8					5.8		9.1					9.1
Income taxes payable								2.5		0.4			2.9
Other current liabilities	8.6		$	(0.1	)	8.5		8.2		0.2			8.4
Short-term debt	0.1					0.1		2.5		(0.6		)	1.9
Long-term debt	2.9					2.9		3.0		(2.9		)	0.1
Accrued pension cost								5.7					5.7
Accrued postretirement benefits cost								11.7					11.7
Deferred income taxes	42.2		(0.7		)	41.5		116.2		(3.7		)	112.5
Other non-current liabilities	1.0		0.3			1.3		16.9					16.9
Total liabilities assumed	$	70.1	$	(0.5	)	$	69.6	$	211.0	$	(6.6	)	$	204.4
Net assets acquired	$	346.8	$	—		$	346.8	$	834.3	$	(4.8	)	$	829.5

In determining the fair value of the amounts above, the Company utilized various forms of the income, cost and market approaches depending on the asset or liability being valued. The estimation of fair value required significant judgment related to future net cash flows, discount rates, competitive trends, market comparisons and other factors. Inputs were generally determined by taking into account independent appraisals and historical data, supplemented by current and anticipated market conditions.

The above purchase price allocations for Diamond Chain and the 2018 Acquisitions, including the residual amount allocated to goodwill, are based on preliminary information and is subject to change as additional information concerning final asset and liability valuations is obtained. The Diamond Chain purchase price allocation is preliminary as a result of the proximity of the acquisition date to June 30, 2019. The primary areas of the preliminary purchase price allocation for the 2018 Acquisitions that have not been finalized relate to the fair value of net property, plant, and equipment and other intangible assets, and the related impacts on deferred income taxes and goodwill. During the applicable measurement periods, we will adjust assets and liabilities if new information is obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date that, if known, would have resulted in revised estimated values of those assets or liabilities as of that date. The effect of measurement period adjustments to the estimated fair values will be reflected as if the adjustments had been completed on the acquisition date.

Note 4 - Inventories

The components of inventories at June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017~~2018 were as follows:


	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017			June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Manufacturing supplies	$	30.4		$	29.0		$	33.5		$	32.4
Raw materials	98.7			90.4			107.3			102.4
Work in process	264.9			245.2			294.9			287.7
Finished products	418.4			404.3			451.6			452.7
Subtotal	812.4			768.9			887.3			875.2
Allowance for obsolete and surplus inventory	(35.0		)	(30.0		)	(43.5		)	(39.5		)
Total Inventories, net	$	777.4		$	738.9		$	843.8		$	835.7

Inventories are valued at ~~the lower of cost or market,~~net realizable value, with approximately ~~54%~~57% valued byon the first-in, first-out ("FIFO") method and the remaining ~~46%~~43% valued byon the last-in, first-out ("LIFO") method. The majority of the Company's domestic inventories are valued byon the LIFO method and all of the Company's international inventories are valued byon the FIFO method.

The LIFO ~~reserves~~reserve at June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017~~2018 ~~were $165.0~~was $174.4 million and ~~$167.6~~$173.9 million, respectively. An actual valuation of the inventory under the LIFO method can be made only at the end of each year based on the inventory levels and costs at that time. Accordingly, interim LIFO calculations must be based on management’s estimates of expected year-end inventory levels and costs. Because these calculations are subject to many factors beyond management’s control, annual results may differ from interim results as they are subject to the final year-end LIFO inventory valuation.

Note 5 - Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 were as follows:


	Mobile Industries			Process Industries			Total			Mobile Industries			Process Industries			Total
Beginning balance	$	254.3		$	257.5		$	511.8		$	349.7		$	610.8		$	960.5
Acquisitions	(3.2		)	—			(3.2		)	(1.1		)	13.8			12.7
Foreign currency translation adjustments and other changes	(14.0		)	(0.9		)	(14.9		)	(1.4		)	(2.4		)	(3.8		)
Ending balance	$	237.1		$	256.6		$	493.7		$	347.2		$	622.2		$	969.4

The ~~$3.2~~$12.7 million ~~reduction~~addition of goodwill from acquisitions includes $17.7 million of goodwill recognized in the Process Industries segment for the ~~Mobile Industries segment resulted from~~Diamond Chain acquisition, partially offset by certain measurement period adjustments recorded in ~~2018. Refer~~2019 related to ~~Note 3 - Acquisitions~~ ~~for further information.~~ the 2018 Acquisitions.

The following table displays intangible assets as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017:~~2018:


	Balance at June 30, 2018						Balance at December 31, 2017						Balance at June 30, 2019						Balance at December 31, 2018
	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
Customer relationships	$	315.0	$	113.2	$	201.8	$	324.6	$	103.0	$	221.6	$	490.9	$	114.3	$	376.6	$	481.5	$	99.8	$	381.7
Technology and know-how	127.4		37.0		90.4		128.7		33.8		94.9		250.1		47.6		202.5		245.0		40.4		204.6
Trade names	7.7		4.5		3.2		8.6		4.3		4.3		12.0		5.3		6.7		11.3		4.8		6.5
Capitalized software	261.8		231.8		30.0		261.5		226.5		35.0		268.4		241.4		27.0		266.4		236.5		29.9
Other	10.1		6.2		3.9		10.3		6.2		4.1		40.8		37.2		3.6		40.8		35.2		5.6
	$	722.0	$	392.7	$	329.3	$	733.7	$	373.8	$	359.9	$	1,062.2	$	445.8	$	616.4	$	1,045.0	$	416.7	$	628.3
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
Trade names	$	51.0			$	51.0	$	52.0			$	52.0	$	106.4			$	106.4	$	96.2			$	96.2
FAA air agency certificates	8.7				8.7		8.7				8.7		8.7				8.7		8.7				8.7
	$	59.7			$	59.7	$	60.7			$	60.7	$	115.1			$	115.1	$	104.9			$	104.9
Total intangible assets	$	781.7	$	392.7	$	389.0	$	794.4	$	373.8	$	420.6	$	1,177.3	$	445.8	$	731.5	$	1,149.9	$	416.7	$	733.2

Amortization expense for intangible assets was ~~$21.2~~$29.3 million and ~~$18.2~~$21.2 million for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017,~~2018, respectively. Amortization expense for intangible assets is projected to be $56.8 million in 2019; $52.2 million in 2020; $48.2 million in 2021; $43.7 million in 2022; and $40.7 million in ~~2018; $35.3 million in 2019; $30.6 million in 2020; $26.7 million in 2021;~~2023.

Note 6 - Leasing

The Company enters into operating and ~~$22.6 million in 2022.~~finance leases for manufacturing facilities, warehouses, sales offices, information technology equipment, plant equipment, vehicles and certain other equipment.

Lease expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 was as follows:



	Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019		June 30, 2019
Operating lease expense	$	8.3	$	18.7
Amortization of right-of-use assets on finance leases	0.2		0.6
Total lease expense	$	8.5	$	19.3

The following tables present the impact of leasing on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.



Operating Leases	June 30, 2019
Lease assets:
Operating lease assets	$	117.3
Lease liabilities:
Short-term operating lease liabilities	$	29.5
Long-term operating lease liabilities	73.0
Total operating lease liabilities	$	102.5



Finance Leases	June 30, 2019
Lease assets:
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	3.6
Lease liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt	$	0.4
Long-term debt	2.5
Total finance lease liabilities	$	2.9

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases at June 30, 2019 were as follows:



	Operating Leases			Finance Leases
Year Ending December 31,
2019	$	17.6		$	0.4
2020	29.4			0.9
2021	19.4			0.8
2022	13.7			0.7
2023	10.1			0.2
Thereafter	24.1			—
Total future minimum lease payments	114.3			3.0
Less: imputed interest	(11.8		)	(0.1		)
Total	$	102.5		$	2.9

The following tables present other information related to leases:



	Three Months Ended		Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019		June 30, 2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	8.8	$	17.7
Financing cash flows from finance leases	0.1		1.1
Lease assets added in the period:
Operating leases	$	23.7	$	39.4
Finance leases	0.2		0.8



	June 30, 2019
Weighted-average remaining lease term:
Operating leases	5.3 years
Finance leases	3.6 years
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating leases	4.10	%
Finance leases	2.58	%

Note 67 - Financing Arrangements

Short-term debt at June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017~~2018 was as follows:

June 30,
2018 December 31,
2017
Variable-rate Accounts Receivable Facility with an interest rate of 2.93% at June 30, 2018 and 2.15% at December 31, 2017 $ 96.4
$ 62.9
Borrowings under variable-rate lines of credit for certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries with various banks with interest rates ranging from 0.32% to 1.10% at June 30, 2018 and 0.32% to 2.22% at December 31, 2017 65.9
42.5
Short-term debt $ 162.3
$ 105.4



	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Borrowings under variable-rate lines of credit for certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries with various banks with interest rates ranging from 0.34% to 3.50% at June 30, 2019 and 0.29% to 1.00% at December 31, 2018	$	37.3	$	33.6
Short-term debt	$	37.3	$	33.6

The lines of credit for certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries provide for short-term borrowings up to $272.6 million in the aggregate. Most of these lines of credit are uncommitted. At June 30, 2019, the Company’s foreign subsidiaries had borrowings outstanding of $37.3 million and bank guarantees of $0.4 million, which reduced the aggregate availability under these facilities to $234.9 million.

Long-term debt at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 was as follows:



	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Variable-rate Senior Credit Facility with an average interest rate on U.S. Dollar of 3.57% and Euro of 1.09% at June 30, 2019 and 3.40% and 1.10%, respectively, at December 31, 2018	$	54.6	$	43.9
Variable-rate Euro Term Loan⁽¹⁾, maturing on September 18, 2020, with an interest rate of 1.13% at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018	81.8		107.1
Variable-rate Accounts Receivable Facility, with an interest rate of 3.32% at June 30, 2019 and 3.22% at December 31, 2018	100.0		75.0
Variable-rate Term Loan⁽¹⁾, maturing on September 11, 2023, with an interest rate of 3.65% at June 30, 2019 and 3.77% at December 31, 2018	342.8		347.1
Fixed-rate Senior Unsecured Notes⁽¹⁾, maturing on September 1, 2024, with an interest rate of 3.875%	348.1		347.7
Fixed-rate Euro Senior Unsecured Notes⁽¹⁾, maturing on September 7, 2027, with an interest rate of 2.02%	170.1		171.4
Fixed-rate Senior Unsecured Notes⁽¹⁾, maturing on December 15, 2028, with an interest rate of 4.50%	395.9		395.8
Fixed-rate Medium-Term Notes, Series A⁽¹⁾, maturing at various dates through May 2028, with interest rates ranging from 6.74% to 7.76%	154.6		154.6
Other	3.7		5.4
	1,651.6		1,648.0
Less: Current maturities	9.0		9.4
Long-term debt	$	1,642.6	$	1,638.6

⁽¹⁾Net of discounts and fees

The Company has a $100 million Amended and Restated Asset Securitization Agreement ~~("Accounts~~(the "Accounts Receivable Facility") ~~that~~, which matures on November 30, ~~2018~~2021. ~~The Company is exploring opportunities to refinance the facility prior to its maturity.~~ Under the terms of the Accounts Receivable Facility, the Company sells, on an ongoing basis, certain domestic trade receivables to Timken Receivables Corporation, a ~~wholly owned~~wholly-owned consolidated subsidiary that, in turn, uses the trade receivables to secure borrowings that are funded through a vehicle that issues commercial paper in the short-term market. Borrowings under the Accounts Receivable Facility may be limited by certain borrowing base limitations; however, availability under the Accounts Receivable Facility was not reduced by any such borrowing base limitations at June 30, ~~2018.~~2019. As of June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, there were outstanding borrowings of ~~$96.4~~$100.0 million under the Accounts Receivable Facility, which reduced the availability under this facility to ~~$3.6 million.~~zero. The cost of this facility, which is the prevailing commercial paper rate plus facility fees, is considered a financing cost and is included in "Interest expense" in the Consolidated Statements of Income. ~~The outstanding balance under~~

On June 25, 2019, the ~~Accounts Receivable Facility was classified as short term because the agreement matures in less than one year.~~

The lines of credit for certain of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries provide for short-term borrowings up to $285.5 million in the aggregate. Most of these lines of credit are uncommitted. At June 30, 2018, the Company’s foreign subsidiaries had borrowings outstanding of $65.9 million and bank guarantees of $0.5 million, which reduced the aggregate availability under these facilities to $219.1 million.

~~Long-term debt at June 30, 2018 and~~ ~~December 31, 2017~~ ~~was as follows:~~

June 30,
2018 December 31,
2017
Fixed-rate Medium-Term Notes, Series A, maturing at various dates through May 2028, with interest rates ranging from 6.74% to 7.76% $ 154.6
$ 154.5
Fixed-rate Senior Unsecured Notes, maturing on September 1, 2024, with an interest rate of 3.875% 347.3
346.9
Variable-rate Senior Credit Facility with a weighted-average interest rate of 2.26% at June 30, 2018 and 1.83% at December 31, 2017 94.6
52.0
Fixed-rate Euro Senior Unsecured Notes, maturing on September 7, 2027, with an interest rate of 2.02% 174.6
179.3
Variable-rate Euro Term Loan with an interest rate of 1.13% at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 109.1
119.7
Other 3.9
4.5
884.1
856.9
Less: Current maturities 2.7
2.7
Long-term debt $ 881.4
$ 854.2

~~The~~ Company ~~has~~entered into a ~~$500 million~~Fourth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement ("Senior Credit Facility"),. The Senior Credit Facility amends and restates the Company's previous credit agreement, dated as of June 19, 2015. The Senior Credit Facility is a $650.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility, which matures on June ~~19, 2020~~25, 2024. At June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the Company had ~~$94.6~~$54.6 million of outstanding borrowings under the Senior Credit Facility, which reduced the availability under this facility to ~~$405.4~~$595.4 million. The Senior Credit Facility has two financial covenants: a consolidated leverage ratio and a consolidated interest coverage ratio. ~~At June 30, 2018, the Company was in full compliance with both of these covenants.~~

On September 6, 2018, the Company issued $400 million aggregate principal amount of fixed-rate 4.50% senior unsecured notes that mature on December 15, 2028 (the "2028 Notes"). On September 11, 2018, the Company entered into a $350 million variable-rate term loan that matures on September 11, 2023 (the "2023 Term Loan"). Proceeds from the 2028 Notes and the 2023 Term Loan were used to fund the acquisitions of Cone Drive and Rollon, which closed on September 1, 2018 and September 18, 2018, respectively. On July 12, 2019, the Company amended and restated the 2023 Term Loan. The Amendment modifies the original agreement to, among other things, align covenants and other terms with the Company’s Senior Credit Facility.

On September 7, 2017, the Company issued €150 million aggregate principal amount of fixed-rate 2.02% senior unsecured notes that mature on September 7, 2027 (the "2027 Notes"). On September 18, 2017, the Company entered into a €100 million variable-rate term loan that matures on September 18, 2020 ~~("2020~~(the "2020 Term Loan"). ~~On June 14, 2018,~~During the second quarter, the Company repaid ~~€6.5~~€17.0 million ~~reducing~~under the 2020 Term Loan bringing the total paid to-date to €28.0 million, which reduced the principal balance to ~~€93.5~~€72.0 million as of June 30, ~~2018. Proceeds from the 2027 Notes and 2020 Term Loan were used to repay amounts drawn from the Senior Credit Facility to fund the acquisition of Groeneveld, which closed on~~ 2019.~~July 3, 2017. These debt instruments have two financial covenants: a consolidated leverage ratio and a consolidated interest coverage ratio. These covenants are similar to those in the Senior Credit Facility.~~

At June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the Company was in full compliance with ~~both of these covenants.~~all applicable covenants on its outstanding debt.

Note 78 - Contingencies

The Company and certain of its subsidiaries have been identified as potentially responsible parties for investigation and remediation under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act ("CERCLA"), known as the Superfund, or similar state laws with respect to certain sites. Claims for investigation and remediation have been asserted against numerous other entities, which are believed to be financially solvent and are expected to fulfill their proportionate share of the obligation.

On December 28, 2004, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“USEPA”) sent Lovejoy, Inc. ("Lovejoy") a Special Notice Letter that identified Lovejoy as a potentially responsible party, together with at least 14 other companies, at the Ellsworth Industrial Park Site, Downers Grove, DuPage County, Illinois (the “Site”). The Company acquired Lovejoy in 2016. Lovejoy’s Downers Grove property is situated within the Ellsworth Industrial Complex. The USEPA and the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (“IEPA”) allege there have been one or more releases or threatened releases of hazardous substances, allegedly including, but not limited to, a release or threatened release on or from Lovejoy's property, at the Site. The relief sought by the USEPA and IEPA includes further investigation and potential remediation of the Site and reimbursement of response costs. Lovejoy’s allocated share of past and future costs related to the Site, including for investigation and/or remediation, could be significant. All previously pending property damage and personal injury lawsuits against Lovejoy related to the Site have been settled or dismissed.

The Company had total environmental accruals of ~~$5.1~~$5.4 million and ~~$5.0~~$5.5 million for various known environmental matters that are probable and reasonably estimable ~~as of~~at June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, respectively, which includes the Lovejoy matter discussed above. These accruals were recorded based upon the best estimate of costs to be incurred in light of the progress made in determining the magnitude of remediation costs, the timing and extent of remedial actions required by governmental authorities and the amount of the Company’s liability in proportion to other responsible parties.

In October 2014, the Brazilian government antitrust agency, Administrative Council for Economic Defense, or CADE, announced that it had opened an investigation of alleged antitrust violations in the bearing industry. The Company’s Brazilian subsidiary, Timken do Brasil Comercial Importadora Ltda. ("Timken do Brasil"), was included in the investigation. In May 2019, the investigation division of CADE issued a report on the alleged antitrust violations and recommended that Timken do Brasil, among others, be found to have violated certain provisions of the Brazil Competition Law. The case has now moved to the tribunal level of CADE. The Company is continuing to advance its interests in this case. Based on management's evaluation of the findings contained in the CADE investigation report, the Company recorded expense in the three months ended June 30, 2019to establish a liability that represents management’s best estimate of the probable loss. While no assurance can be given as to the ultimate outcome of this case, the Company does not believe that the final resolution will have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial position or liquidity, however, the effect of any such future outcome may be material to the results of operations of any particular period in which costs in excess of amounts provided, if any, are recognized.

The Company is a defendant in a 2017 lawsuit filed in the U.S. by a former employee asserting workplace-related negligence by Company medical personnel. The Company’s defense is ongoing and, while the incurrence of a liability is not considered probable at this point, management believes the low end of the range of the reasonably possible outcomes would be immaterial to the Company.

In addition, the Company is subject to various other lawsuits, claims and proceedings, which arise in the ordinary course of its business. The Company accrues costs associated with legal and non-income tax matters when they become probable and reasonably estimable. Accruals are established based on the estimated undiscounted cash flows to settle the obligations and are not reduced by any potential recoveries from insurance or other indemnification claims. Management believes that any ultimate liability with respect to these actions, in excess of amounts provided, will not materially affect the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

In October 2014, the Brazilian government antitrust agency announced that it had opened an investigation of alleged antitrust violations in the bearing industry. The Company’s Brazilian subsidiary, Timken do Brasil Comercial Importadora Ltda, was included in the investigation. While the Company is unable to predict the ultimate length, scope or results of the investigation, management believes that the outcome will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position. However, any such outcome may be material to the results of operations of any particular period in which costs, if any, are recognized. Based on current facts and circumstances, the low end of the range for potential penalties, if any, would be immaterial to the Company.

Product Warranties:

In addition to the contingencies above, the Company provides limited warranties on certain of its products. The ~~following table is a rollforward of the warranty liability for the~~ ~~six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2018 and the twelve months ended December 31, 2017:~~

June 30,
2018 December 31,
2017
Beginning balance, January 1 $ 5.8
$ 6.9
Additions 1.3
2.7
Payments (1.0 ) (3.8 )
Ending balance $ 6.1
$ 5.8

~~The~~ product warranty liability ~~at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 was~~ included in "Other current liabilities" on the Consolidated Balance ~~Sheets.~~

Sheets was $6.4 million and $7.1 million at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. The Company ~~currently is evaluating~~continues to evaluate claims raised by certain customers with respect to the performance of bearings sold into the wind energy sector. ~~Accruals related to this matter are included in the table above.~~ Management believes that the outcome of these claims will not have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position; however, the effect of any such outcome may be material to the results of operations of any particular period in which costs in excess of amounts provided, if any, are recognized.

Note 89 - Equity

The following tables present the changes in the components of equity for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 ~~were as follows:~~and 2018, respectively:

The Timken Company Shareholders
Total
Stated
Capital
Other
Paid-In
Capital
Earnings
Invested
in the
Business
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss)
Treasury
Stock
Non-
controlling
Interest
Balance at December 31, 2017 $ 1,474.9
$ 53.1
$ 903.8
$ 1,408.4
$ (38.3 ) $ (884.3 ) $ 32.2
Cumulative effect of the new revenue standard
(net of income tax benefit of $2.6 million) 7.7
7.7

Cumulative effect of ASU 2018-02 —
0.7
(0.7 )
Net income 172.4
171.2
1.2
Foreign currency translation adjustment (38.2 ) (35.3 ) (2.9 )
Change in fair value of derivative financial
instruments, net of reclassifications 4.4
4.4

Dividends – $0.55 per share (42.7 ) (42.7 )
Stock-based compensation 17.8
17.8

Stock purchased at fair market value (49.6 ) (49.6 )
Stock option exercise activity 10.6
(3.1 ) 13.7

Restricted share activity —
(11.3 ) 11.3

Shares surrendered for taxes (5.0 ) (5.0 )
Balance at June 30, 2018 $ 1,552.3
$ 53.1
$ 907.2
$ 1,545.3
$ (69.9 ) $ (913.9 ) $ 30.5



				The Timken Company Shareholders
	Total			Stated Capital		Other Paid-In Capital			Earnings Invested in the Business			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)			Treasury Stock			Non controlling Interest
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	1,705.9		$	53.1	$	938.2		$	1,700.8		$	(101.1	)	$	(952.5	)	$	67.4
Net income	94.9								92.5									2.4
Foreign currency translation adjustment	5.1											4.4						0.7
Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of reclassifications	(0.8		)									(0.8		)
Noncontrolling interest acquired	1.8																	1.8
Dividends – $0.28 per share	(21.3		)						(21.3		)
Stock-based compensation expense	7.1					7.1
Stock purchased at fair market value	(15.3		)												(15.3		)
Stock option exercise activity	7.9					(2.8		)							10.7
Restricted share activity	—					(1.2		)							1.2
Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	(1.7		)												(1.7		)
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	1,783.6		$	53.1	$	941.3		$	1,772.0		$	(97.5	)	$	(957.6	)	$	72.3



				The Timken Company Shareholders
	Total			Stated Capital		Other Paid-In Capital			Earnings Invested in the Business			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)			Treasury Stock			Non controlling Interest
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	1,642.7		$	53.1	$	951.9		$	1,630.2		$	(95.3	)	$	(960.3	)	$	63.1
Net income	190.2								184.4									5.8
Foreign currency translation adjustment	0.9											(0.7		)				1.6
Pension and postretirement liability adjustments	(0.1		)									(0.1		)
Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of reclassifications	(1.4		)									(1.4		)
Noncontrolling interest acquired	1.8																	1.8
Dividends – $0.56 per share	(42.6		)						(42.6		)
Stock-based compensation expense	14.9					14.9
Stock purchased at fair market value	(23.6		)												(23.6		)
Stock option exercise activity	8.9					(3.4		)							12.3
Restricted share activity	—					(22.1		)							22.1
Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	(8.1		)												(8.1		)
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	1,783.6		$	53.1	$	941.3		$	1,772.0		$	(97.5	)	$	(957.6	)	$	72.3



				The Timken Company Shareholders
	Total			Stated Capital		Other Paid-In Capital			Earnings Invested in the Business			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)			Treasury Stock			Non controlling Interest
Balance at March 31, 2018	$	1,542.8		$	53.1	$	901.5		$	1,475.9		$	(29.2	)	$	(890.4	)	$	31.9
Net income	91.9								91.0									0.9
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(46.6		)									(44.3		)				(2.3		)
Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of reclassifications	3.6											3.6
Dividends – $0.28 per share	(21.6		)						(21.6		)
Stock-based compensation expense	7.5					7.5
Stock purchased at fair market value	(26.9		)												(26.9		)
Stock option exercise activity	2.2					(1.7		)							3.9
Restricted share activity	—					(0.1		)							0.1
Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	(0.6		)												(0.6		)
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	1,552.3		$	53.1	$	907.2		$	1,545.3		$	(69.9	)	$	(913.9	)	$	30.5



				The Timken Company Shareholders
	Total			Stated Capital		Other Paid-In Capital			Earnings Invested in the Business			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)			Treasury Stock			Non controlling Interest
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	1,474.9		$	53.1	$	903.8		$	1,408.4		$	(38.3	)	$	(884.3	)	$	32.2
Cumulative effect of adopting ASU 2014-09 (net of income tax benefit of $2.6 million)⁽¹⁾	7.7								7.7
Cumulative effect of adopting ASU 2018-02	—								0.7			(0.7		)
Net income	172.4								171.2									1.2
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(38.2		)									(35.3		)				(2.9		)
Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments, net of reclassifications	4.4											4.4
Dividends – $0.55 per share	(42.7		)						(42.7		)
Stock-based compensation expense	17.8					17.8
Stock purchased at fair market value	(49.6		)												(49.6		)
Stock option exercise activity	10.6					(3.1		)							13.7
Restricted share activity	—					(11.3		)							11.3
Payments related to tax withholding for stock-based compensation	(5.0		)												(5.0		)
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	1,552.3		$	53.1	$	907.2		$	1,545.3		$	(69.9	)	$	(913.9	)	$	30.5

⁽¹⁾On January 1, 2018, the Company recognized the cumulative effect of adopting the revenue recognition guidance in ASU 2014-09 and related amendments as an adjustment to the opening balance of earnings invested in the business for the year ended December 31, 2018. Refer to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018 for further information.

Note 910 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following tables present details about components of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, ~~and 2017,~~ respectively:

Foreign currency translation adjustments Pension and postretirement liability adjustments Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments Total
Balance at March 31, 2018 $ (26.1 ) $ (0.4 ) $ (2.7 ) $ (29.2 )
Other comprehensive (loss) income before
reclassifications and income taxes (46.6 ) —
4.4
(42.2 )
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss), before income tax —
—
0.4
0.4
Income tax benefit —
—
(1.2 ) (1.2 )
Net current period other comprehensive (loss)
income, net of income taxes (46.6 ) —
3.6
(43.0 )
Noncontrolling interest 2.3
—
—
2.3
Net current period comprehensive (loss) income, net
of income taxes and noncontrolling interest (44.3 ) —
3.6
(40.7 )
Balance at June 30, 2018 $ (70.4 ) $ (0.4 ) $ 0.9
$ (69.9 )



	Foreign currency translation adjustments			Pension and postretirement liability adjustments			Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments			Total
Balance at March 31, 2019	$	(100.7	)	$	(0.1	)	$	(0.3	)	$	(101.1	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications and income taxes	5.1			—			(0.2		)	4.9
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income before income taxes	—			(0.1		)	(0.7		)	(0.8		)
Income tax expense	—			0.1			0.1			0.2
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes	5.1			—			(0.8		)	4.3
Noncontrolling interest	(0.7		)	—			—			(0.7		)
Net current period comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes and noncontrolling interest	4.4			—			(0.8		)	3.6
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	(96.3	)	$	(0.1	)	$	(1.1	)	$	(97.5	)

Foreign currency translation adjustments Pension and postretirement liability adjustments Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments Total
Balance at December 31, 2017 $ (35.1 ) $ (0.3 ) $ (2.9 ) $ (38.3 )
Cumulative effect of ASU 2018-02 —
(0.1 ) (0.6 ) (0.7 )
Balance at January 1, 2018 (35.1 ) (0.4 ) (3.5 ) (39.0 )
Other comprehensive (loss) income before
reclassifications and income tax (38.2 ) —
4.0
(34.2 )
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss), before income tax —
—
1.8
1.8
Income tax benefit —
—
(1.4 ) (1.4 )
Net current period other comprehensive (loss)
income, net of income taxes (38.2 ) —
4.4
(33.8 )
Noncontrolling interest 2.9
—
—
2.9
Net current period comprehensive (loss) income,
net of income taxes, noncontrolling interest and
cumulative effect of accounting change
(35.3 ) (0.1 ) 3.8
(31.6 )
Balance at June 30, 2018 $ (70.4 ) $ (0.4 ) $ 0.9
$ (69.9 )



	Foreign currency translation adjustments			Pension and postretirement liability adjustments			Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments			Total
Balance at December 31, 2018	$	(95.6	)	$	—		$	0.3		$	(95.3	)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications and income tax	0.9			—			0.2			1.1
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income before income taxes	—			(0.2		)	(1.9		)	(2.1		)
Income tax expense	—			0.1			0.3			0.4
Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes	0.9			(0.1		)	(1.4		)	(0.6		)
Noncontrolling interest	(1.6		)	—			—			(1.6		)
Net current period comprehensive loss, net of income taxes and noncontrolling interest	(0.7		)	(0.1		)	(1.4		)	(2.2		)
Balance at June 30, 2019	$	(96.3	)	$	(0.1	)	$	(1.1	)	$	(97.5	)

Foreign currency translation adjustments Pension and postretirement liability adjustments Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments Total
Balance at March 31, 2017 $ (62.0 ) $ 1.6
$ (0.4 ) $ (60.8 )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before
reclassifications and income taxes 11.5
—
(2.0 ) 9.5
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss), before income tax —
0.1
(0.3 ) (0.2 )
Income tax expense (benefit) —
(0.1 ) 0.9
0.8
Net current period other comprehensive
income (loss), net of income taxes 11.5
—
(1.4 ) 10.1
Noncontrolling interest 0.6
—
—
0.6
Net current period comprehensive income (loss), net
of income taxes and noncontrolling interest 12.1
—
(1.4 ) 10.7
Balance at June 30, 2017 $ (49.9 ) $ 1.6
$ (1.8 ) $ (50.1 )



	Foreign currency translation adjustments			Pension and postretirement liability adjustments			Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments			Total
Balance at March 31, 2018	$	(26.1	)	$	(0.4	)	$	(2.7	)	$	(29.2	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications and income taxes	(46.6		)	—			4.4			(42.2		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) before income taxes	—			—			0.4			0.4
Income tax benefit	—			—			(1.2		)	(1.2		)
Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes	(46.6		)	—			3.6			(43.0		)
Noncontrolling interest	2.3			—			—			2.3
Net current period comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes and noncontrolling interest	(44.3		)	—			3.6			(40.7		)
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	(70.4	)	$	(0.4	)	$	0.9		$	(69.9	)

Foreign currency translation adjustments Pension and postretirement liability adjustments Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments Total
Balance at December 31, 2016 $ (79.8 ) $ 1.5
$ 0.4
$ (77.9 )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before
reclassifications and income taxes 31.9
—
(3.1 ) 28.8
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss), before income tax —
0.2
(0.5 ) (0.3 )
Income tax expense (benefit) —
(0.1 ) 1.4
1.3
Net current period other comprehensive
income (loss), net of income taxes 31.9
0.1
(2.2 ) 29.8
Noncontrolling interest (2.0 ) —
—
(2.0 )
Net current period comprehensive income (loss),
net of income taxes and noncontrolling interest
29.9
0.1
(2.2 ) 27.8
Balance at June 30, 2017 $ (49.9 ) $ 1.6
$ (1.8 ) $ (50.1 )



	Foreign currency translation adjustments			Pension and postretirement liability adjustments			Change in fair value of derivative financial instruments			Total
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	(35.1	)	$	(0.3	)	$	(2.9	)	$	(38.3	)
Cumulative effect of ASU 2018-02	—			(0.1		)	(0.6		)	(0.7		)
Balance at January 1, 2018	(35.1		)	(0.4		)	(3.5		)	(39.0		)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications and income taxes	(38.2		)	—			4.0			(34.2		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) before income taxes	—			—			1.8			1.8
Income tax benefit	—			—			(1.4		)	(1.4		)
Net current period other comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes	(38.2		)	—			4.4			(33.8		)
Noncontrolling interest	2.9			—			—			2.9
Net current period comprehensive (loss) income, net of income taxes and noncontrolling interest	(35.3		)	(0.1		)	3.8			(31.6		)
Balance at June 30, 2018	$	(70.4	)	$	(0.4	)	$	0.9		$	(69.9	)

Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications and income taxes includes the effect of foreign currency.

Note 1011 - Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the reconciliation of the numerator and the denominator of basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017~~2018, respectively:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,				Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		2018		2017		2019		2018		2019		2018
Numerator:
Net income attributable to The Timken Company	$	91.0	$	82.5	$	171.2	$	120.7	$	92.5	$	91.0	$	184.4	$	171.2
Less: undistributed earnings allocated to nonvested stock	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Net income available to common shareholders for basic and diluted earnings per share	$	91.0	$	82.5	$	171.2	$	120.7	$	92.5	$	91.0	$	184.4	$	171.2
Denominator:
Weighted average number of shares outstanding - basic	77,360,159		77,931,576		77,544,365		77,814,438		76,085,358		77,360,159		76,024,301		77,544,365
Effect of dilutive securities:
Stock options and awards - based on the treasury stock method	1,136,139		1,097,821		1,207,586		1,129,991		1,123,074		1,136,139		1,074,681		1,207,586
Weighted average number of shares outstanding, assuming dilution of stock options and awards	78,496,298		79,029,397		78,751,951		78,944,429
Weighted average number of shares outstanding assuming dilution of stock options and awards									77,208,432		78,496,298		77,098,982		78,751,951
Basic earnings per share	$	1.18	$	1.06	$	2.21	$	1.55	$	1.22	$	1.18	$	2.43	$	2.21
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.16	$	1.04	$	2.17	$	1.53	$	1.20	$	1.16	$	2.39	$	2.17

The exercise prices for certain stock options that the Company has awarded exceeded the average market price of the Company’s common shares during each period presented. Such stock options are antidilutive and were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share. The antidilutive stock options outstanding during the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were 1,428,699 and ~~2017 were~~ 933,465, ~~and 465,826,~~ respectively. ~~During~~The antidilutive stock options outstanding during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 were 1,309,878 and ~~2017, the antidilutive stock options outstanding were~~ 816,684, ~~and 556,683,~~ respectively.

Note 1112 - Revenue

The following table presents details deemed most relevant to the users of the financial statements about total revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, ~~and 2017,~~ respectively:


	Three Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Three Months Ended						Three Months Ended
	June 30, 2018						June 30, 2017						June 30, 2019						June 30, 2018
	Mobile		Process		Total		Mobile⁽¹⁾		Process⁽¹⁾		Total⁽¹⁾		Mobile		Process		Total		Mobile		Process		Total
United States	$	261.7	$	190.0	$	451.7	$	246.9	$	165.0	$	411.9	$	258.6	$	226.9	$	485.5	$	261.7	$	190.0	$	451.7
Americas excluding United States	53.5		42.4		95.9		41.9		37.6		79.5		57.2		40.8		98.0		53.5		42.4		95.9
Europe / Middle East / Africa	100.3		92.4		192.7		66.5		64.9		131.4		101.2		129.1		230.3		100.3		92.4		192.7
Asia-Pacific	73.6		92.4		166.0		53.1		74.7		127.8		76.7		109.5		186.2		73.6		92.4		166.0
Net sales	$	489.1	$	417.2	$	906.3	$	408.4	$	342.2	$	750.6	$	493.7	$	506.3	$	1,000.0	$	489.1	$	417.2	$	906.3



	Six Months Ended						Six Months Ended
	June 30, 2019						June 30, 2018
	Mobile		Process		Total		Mobile		Process		Total
United States	$	532.3	$	436.6	$	968.9	$	519.1	$	368.6	$	887.7
Americas excluding United States	105.7		84.4		190.1		108.7		89.1		197.8
Europe / Middle East / Africa	202.9		254.1		457.0		203.2		180.4		383.6
Asia-Pacific	152.8		210.9		363.7		146.6		173.7		320.3
Net sales	$	993.7	$	986.0	$	1,979.7	$	977.6	$	811.8	$	1,789.4

Six Months Ended Six Months Ended
June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017
Mobile Process Total
Mobile⁽¹⁾
Process⁽¹⁾
Total⁽¹⁾
United States $ 519.1
$ 368.6
$ 887.7
$ 475.6
$ 327.0
$ 802.6
Americas excluding United States 108.7
89.1
197.8
85.2
72.5
157.7
Europe / Middle East / Africa 203.2
180.4
383.6
129.6
126.0
255.6
Asia-Pacific 146.6
173.7
320.3
101.0
137.5
238.5
Net sales $ 977.6
$ 811.8
$ 1,789.4
$ 791.4
$ 663.0
$ 1,454.4

⁽¹⁾ ~~Prior period amounts have not been adjusted under the modified retrospective adoption method.~~

When reviewing ~~revenues~~revenue by sales channel, the Company separates net sales to original equipment manufacturers from sales to distributors and end users. The following table presents the percent of ~~revenues~~revenue by sales channel for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018:~~2019 and 2018, respectively:



	~~Six Months Ended~~
~~Revenue by sales channel~~	~~June 30, 2018~~
~~Original equipment manufacturers~~	~~57%~~
~~Distribution/end users~~	~~43%~~



	Six Months Ended	Six Months Ended
Revenue by sales channel	June 30, 2019	June 30, 2018
Original equipment manufacturers	57%	57%
Distribution/end users	43%	43%

In addition to disaggregating revenue by segment and geography and by sales channel as shown above, the Company believes information about the timing of transfer of goods or services, type of customer and distinguishing service revenue from product sales is also relevant. During the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, approximately 11% and 9%, respectively, of total net sales were recognized on an over-time basis because of the continuous transfer of control to the customer, with the remainder recognized as of a point in time. The payment terms with the U.S. government or its contractors, which represented approximately 8% and 7% of total net sales during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively, differ from those of non-government customers. Finally, approximately 5% of total net sales represented service ~~revenue.~~revenue during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively.

Remaining Performance Obligations:

Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of orders meeting the definition of a contract ~~in the new revenue standard~~ for which work has not been performed and excludes unexercised contract options. Performance obligations having a duration of more than one year are concentrated in contracts for certain products and services provided to the U.S. government or its contractors. The aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations for such contracts with a duration of more than one year was approximately ~~$174~~$110 million at June 30, ~~2018.~~2019.

~~Contract Assets:~~Unbilled Receivables:

The following table contains a rollforward of ~~contract assets~~unbilled receivables for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018:~~2019:


	June 30, 2018			June 30, 2019
Beginning balance, January 1	$	100.5		$	116.6
Additional unbilled revenue recognized	159.0			219.2
Less: amounts billed to customers	(132.0		)	(182.5		)
Ending balance	$	127.5		$	153.3

There were no impairment losses recorded on ~~contract assets~~unbilled receivables for the six months ended June 30, ~~2018.~~2019.

Note 1213 - Segment Information

The primary measurement used by management to measure the financial performance of each segment is earnings before interest and taxes ("EBIT").


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017			2019			2018			2019			2018
Net sales:
Mobile Industries	$	489.1		$	408.4		$	977.6		$	791.4		$	493.7		$	489.1		$	993.7		$	977.6
Process Industries	417.2			342.2			811.8			663.0			506.3			417.2			986.0			811.8
Net sales	$	906.3		$	750.6		$	1,789.4		$	1,454.4		$	1,000.0		$	906.3		$	1,979.7		$	1,789.4
Segment EBIT:
Mobile Industries	$	54.5		$	34.4		$	105.6		$	67.0		$	59.1		$	54.5		$	120.5		$	105.6
Process Industries	90.6			60.2			172.2			104.3			103.0			90.6			209.2			172.2
Total EBIT, for reportable segments	$	145.1		$	94.6		$	277.8		$	171.3		$	162.1		$	145.1		$	329.7		$	277.8
Corporate expenses	(15.2		)	(12.9		)	(29.5		)	(24.3		)	(15.4		)	(15.2		)	(29.7		)	(29.3		)
Pension actuarial gains (losses), net	2.4			—			2.4			(4.4		)
Corporate pension-related charges													—			2.4			—			2.2
Interest expense	(10.7		)	(8.5		)	(20.7		)	(16.4		)	(19.3		)	(10.7		)	(37.3		)	(20.7		)
Interest income	0.5			0.7			0.9			1.3			1.1			0.5			2.4			0.9
Income before income taxes	$	122.1		$	73.9		$	230.9		$	127.5		$	128.5		$	122.1		$	265.1		$	230.9

Note 1314 - Retirement Benefit Plans

The following table sets forth the net periodic benefit cost for the Company’s defined benefit pension plans. The amounts for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 are based on calculations prepared by the Company's actuaries and represent the Company’s best estimate of the respective period’s proportionate share of the amounts to be recorded for the year ending December 31, ~~2018~~2019.

U.S. Plans International Plans Total
Three Months Ended
June 30, Three Months Ended
June 30, Three Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Service cost $ 3.2
$ 3.0
$ 0.4
$ 0.4
$ 3.6
$ 3.4
Interest cost 5.8
6.1
1.8
1.9
7.6
8.0
Expected return on plan assets (7.3 ) (7.0 ) (2.9 ) (2.7 ) (10.2 ) (9.7 )
Amortization of prior service cost 0.4
0.4
—
—
0.4
0.4
Recognition of actuarial gains (2.4 ) —
—
—
(2.4 ) —
Net periodic benefit cost $ (0.3 ) $ 2.5
$ (0.7 ) $ (0.4 ) $ (1.0 ) $ 2.1



	U.S. Plans						International Plans						Total
	Three Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			2019			2018			2019			2018
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Service cost	$	2.6		$	3.2		$	0.4		$	0.4		$	3.0		$	3.6
Interest cost	6.0			5.8			1.8			1.8			7.8			7.6
Expected return on plan assets	(6.4		)	(7.3		)	(2.6		)	(2.9		)	(9.0		)	(10.2		)
Amortization of prior service cost	0.4			0.4			0.1			—			0.5			0.4
Recognition of actuarial gains	—			(2.4		)	—			—			—			(2.4		)
Net periodic benefit cost	$	2.6		$	(0.3	)	$	(0.3	)	$	(0.7	)	$	2.3		$	(1.0	)


	U.S. Plans						International Plans						Total						U.S. Plans						International Plans						Total
	Six Months Ended June 30,																		Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017			2018			2017			2019			2018			2019			2018			2019			2018
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Service cost	$	6.4		$	6.1		$	0.8		$	0.8		$	7.2		$	6.9		$	5.2		$	6.4		$	0.8		$	0.8		$	6.0		$	7.2
Interest cost	11.7			12.3			3.7			3.7			15.4			16.0			12.0			11.7			3.7			3.7			15.7			15.4
Expected return on plan assets	(14.6		)	(14.0		)	(5.9		)	(5.4		)	(20.5		)	(19.4		)	(12.8		)	(14.6		)	(5.2		)	(5.9		)	(18.0		)	(20.5		)
Amortization of prior service cost	0.8			0.7			—			—			0.8			0.7			0.8			0.8			0.1			—			0.9			0.8
Recognition of actuarial (gains) losses	(2.4		)	4.4			—			—			(2.4		)	4.4
Recognition of actuarial gains																			—			(2.4		)	—			—			—			(2.4		)
Net periodic benefit cost	$	1.9		$	9.5		$	(1.4	)	$	(0.9	)	$	0.5		$	8.6		$	5.2		$	1.9		$	(0.6	)	$	(1.4	)	$	4.6		$	0.5

The Company currently expects to make contributions and payments related to its global defined benefit pension plans totaling approximately $34 million in 2019. Approximately $24 million of this total relates to the 2019 payout of deferred compensation in July 2019 to a former executive officer of the Company, which will trigger a pension remeasurement during the third quarter of 2019.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company recognized actuarial gains of $2.4 million. ~~During~~The remeasurement was required during the~~six~~ ~~months ended June 30, 2017, the Company recognized actuarial losses of $4.4 million. The remeasurements were required in each~~ period as a result of lump sum payments to new retirees exceeding service and interest costs for one of the Company's U.S. defined benefit ~~pension~~ plans.

Note 1415 - Other Postretirement Benefit Plans

The following table sets forth the net periodic benefit cost for the Company’s other postretirement benefit plans. The amounts for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 are based on calculations prepared by the Company's actuaries and represent the Company’s best estimate of the respective period’s proportionate share of the amounts to be recorded for the year ending December 31, ~~2018.~~2019.


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017			2019			2018			2019			2018
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
Service cost	$	0.1		$	0.1		$	0.1		$	0.1		$	0.1		$	0.1		$	0.1		$	0.1
Interest cost	1.9			2.2			3.7			4.5			1.9			1.9			3.8			3.7
Expected return on plan assets	(1.0		)	(1.4		)	(1.9		)	(2.8		)	(0.8		)	(1.0		)	(1.6		)	(1.9		)
Amortization of prior service credit	(0.4		)	(0.3		)	(0.8		)	(0.5		)	(0.6		)	(0.4		)	(1.1		)	(0.8		)
Net periodic benefit cost	$	0.6		$	0.6		$	1.1		$	1.3		$	0.6		$	0.6		$	1.2		$	1.1

During July 2019, the Company announced changes to the medical plan offerings for certain of its postretirement benefit plans, effective January 1, 2020, which will impact the benefits provided to certain retirees. These plan amendments are expected to trigger a remeasurement during the third quarter of 2019.

Note 1516 - Income Taxes

The Company's provision for income taxes in interim periods is computed by applying the estimated annual effective tax rates to income or loss before income taxes for the period. In addition, non-recurring or discrete items are recorded during the period(s) in which they occur.


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			2018			2017			2019			2018			2019			2018
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	$	30.2		$	(8.1	)	$	58.5		$	7.4
Provision for income taxes													$	33.6		$	30.2		$	74.9		$	58.5
Effective tax rate	24.7		%	(11.0		)%	25.3		%	5.8		%	26.1		%	24.7		%	28.3		%	25.3		%

The income tax expense for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 was calculated using the forecasted multi-jurisdictional annual effective tax rates to determine a blended annual effective tax rate. The effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the projected mix of earnings in international jurisdictions with relatively higher tax rates ~~losses in jurisdictions with no tax benefit due to valuation allowances~~ and U.S. state and local income taxes. It was further impacted by additional discrete accruals recorded for uncertain tax positions related to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 ("U.S. Tax Reform").

The effective tax rate of ~~24.7%~~26.1% for the three months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 is higher than the three months ended June 30, ~~2017~~2018 primarily due to higher discrete tax benefits recorded in the ~~2017 reversal of accruals for uncertain tax positions (including related interest) based on the expiration of various statutes of limitation.~~prior year period.

The effective tax rate of ~~25.3%~~28.3% for the first six months ~~ended June 30, 2018~~of 2019 is higher than the first six months ~~ended June 30, 2017~~of 2018 primarily due to higher discrete tax expense in the ~~reversal of accruals~~current year for uncertain tax positions ~~partially offset by the net benefits of~~related to U.S. Tax Reform, ~~which reduced the statutory rate from 35% to 21% on U.S. earnings beginning in 2018.~~

U.S. Tax Reform was enacted on December 22, 2017 and reduced the U.S. federal corporate rate from 35% to 21%. It requires companies to pay a one-time net charge related to the taxation of unremitted foreign earnings and creates new taxes, including a tax on certain foreign sourced earnings known as the global intangible low-taxed income (“GILTI”) tax. Also on December 22, 2017, SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 (“SAB 118”) was issued to address the application of U.S. GAAP in situations when a registrant does not have the necessary information available, prepared or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete the accounting for certain income tax effects of U.S. Tax Reform. In accordance with SAB 118, the accounting for the tax effects of U.S. Tax Reform is not complete as of June 30, 2018; however, reasonable estimates have been made.

Provisional estimates of $25.2 million for the one-time net charge related to the taxation of unremitted foreign earnings and $10.1 million related to the remeasurement of U.S. deferred tax balances to reflect the new U.S. corporate income tax rate were recognized as components of income tax expense in the year ended December 31, 2017. Reasonable estimates have also been made for the effects of other provisions of U.S. Tax Reform, but they do not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements. Changes totaling a benefit of $2.8 million have been made to these provisional estimates during the ~~six~~ months ended June 30, 2018 as a result of additional federal and state regulatory guidance issued and for adjustments to finalize the purchase accounting for Groeneveld. Additional information and evaluation of U.S. Tax Reform is still needed to prepare a more detailed analysis of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities, as well as ~~historical foreign~~the impact of generating a greater percentage of earnings ~~and profits and potential correlative adjustments. Any subsequent adjustments to the Company's provisional estimates will be recorded to current~~in international jurisdictions with relatively higher tax ~~expense in the quarter of 2018 when such further analysis is complete. These changes could be material to income tax expense.~~rates.

A provisional estimate for the GILTI provisions was not recognized as a component of income tax expense in the year ended December 31, 2017 as the Company had not completed its assessment or made an accounting policy election to either recognize deferred taxes for temporary basis differences expected to reverse as GILTI in future years or to record it as a period cost if and when incurred. At June 30, 2018, given the complexity of the GILTI provisions, the Company is still evaluating the effects of the GILTI provisions and determining projections of future taxable income that is subject to the GILTI provisions. The Company has included GILTI related to current-year operations only in the forecasted annual effective tax rate and has not provided additional GILTI as a deferred amount.

No additional income tax provision has been made on any remaining undistributed foreign earnings not subject to the one-time net charge related to the taxation of unremitted foreign earnings or any additional outside basis difference as these amounts continue to be indefinitely reinvested in foreign operations. The Company is still evaluating whether to change its indefinite reinvestment assertion in light of U.S. Tax Reform and considers this conclusion to be incomplete. If the Company subsequently changes its assertion, it will account for the change in the quarter when the analysis is complete.

Note 1617 - Fair Value

Fair value is defined as the price that would be expected to be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (exit price). The FASB provides accounting rules that classify the inputs used to measure fair value into the following hierarchy:

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, or unadjusted quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

The following tables present the fair value hierarchy for those financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017:~~2018:


	June 30, 2018								June 30, 2019
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	129.7	$	126.0	$	3.7	$	—	$	129.7	$	128.6	$	1.1	$	—
Cash and cash equivalents measured at net asset value	15.5								37.1
Restricted cash	1.4		1.4		—		—		0.6		0.6		—		—
Short-term investments	12.9		—		12.9		—		20.8		—		20.8		—
Short-term investments measured at net asset value	0.2								0.8
Foreign currency hedges	7.9		—		7.9		—		4.8		—		4.8		—
Total Assets	$	167.6	$	127.4	$	24.5	$	—	$	193.8	$	129.2	$	26.7	$	—
Liabilities:
Foreign currency hedges	$	1.6	$	—	$	1.6	$	—	$	0.7	$	—	$	0.7	$	—
Total Liabilities	$	1.6	$	—	$	1.6	$	—	$	0.7	$	—	$	0.7	$	—


	December 31, 2017								December 31, 2018
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	108.5	$	107.3	$	1.2	$	—	$	105.9	$	104.4	$	1.5	$	—
Cash and cash equivalents measured at net asset value	13.1								26.6
Restricted cash	3.8		3.8		—		—		0.6		0.6		—		—
Short-term investments	16.2		—		16.2		—		21.8		—		21.8		—
Short-term investments measured at net asset value	0.2
Foreign currency hedges	1.3		—		1.3		—		4.6		—		4.6		—
Total Assets	$	143.1	$	111.1	$	18.7	$	—	$	159.5	$	105.0	$	27.9	$	—
Liabilities:
Foreign currency hedges	$	7.1	$	—	$	7.1	$	—	$	0.7	$	—	$	0.7	$	—
Total Liabilities	$	7.1	$	—	$	7.1	$	—	$	0.7	$	—	$	0.7	$	—

Cash and cash equivalents are highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased and are valued at the redemption value. Short-term investments are investments with maturities between four months and one year and generally are valued at amortized cost, which approximates fair value. A portion of the cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments are valued based on net asset value. The Company uses publicly available foreign currency forward and spot rates to measure the fair value of its foreign currency forward contracts.

~~The~~

Additionally, the Company ~~does not believe it has significant concentrations~~remeasures certain assets at fair value, using Level 3 inputs, as a result of ~~risk associated with~~ the ~~counterparties to its financial instruments.~~occurrence of triggering events such as purchase accounting for acquisitions. See Note 3 - Acquisitions for further discussion.

No other material assets were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, ~~and 2017,~~ respectively.

Financial Instruments:

The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, trade accounts payable, short-term borrowings and long-term debt. Due to their short-term nature, the carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, accounts receivable, trade accounts payable and short-term borrowings are a reasonable estimate of their fair value. Due to the nature of fair value calculations for variable-rate debt, the carrying value of the Company's long-term variable-rate debt is a reasonable estimate of its fair value. The fair value of the Company’s long-term fixed-rate debt, based on quoted market prices, was ~~$689.8~~$1,141.1 million and ~~$720.3~~$1,077.5 million at June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, respectively. The carrying value of this debt was ~~$677.7~~$1,069.5 million and ~~$682.4~~$1,070.7 million at June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, respectively. The fair value of long-term fixed-rate debt was measured using Level 2 inputs.

The Company does not believe it has significant concentrations of risk associated with the counterparties to its financial instruments.

Note 1718 - Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

The Company is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations. The primary risks managed by using derivative instruments are foreign currency exchange rate risk and interest rate risk. Forward contracts on various foreign currencies are entered into in order to manage the foreign currency exchange rate risk associated with certain of the Company's commitments denominated in foreign currencies. From time to time, interest rate swaps are used to manage interest rate risk associated with the Company’s fixed and floating-rate borrowings.

The Company designates certain foreign currency forward contracts as cash flow hedges of forecasted revenues and certain interest rate hedges as cash flow hedges of fixed-rate borrowings.

The Company does not purchase or hold any derivative financial instruments for trading purposes. As of June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, the Company had ~~$400.8~~$222.8 million and ~~$386.9~~$218.8 million, respectively, of outstanding foreign currency forward contracts at notional value. Refer to Note 1617 - Fair Value for the fair value disclosure of derivative financial instruments.

Cash Flow Hedging Strategy:

For certain derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges (i.e., hedging the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows that is attributable to a particular risk), the ~~effective portion of the~~ gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of other comprehensive income and reclassified into earnings in the same line item associated with the forecasted transaction and in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. ~~The remaining gain or loss on the derivative instrument in excess of the cumulative change in the present value of future cash flows of the hedged item, if any (i.e., the ineffective portion), or hedge components excluded from the assessment of effectiveness, are recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Income during the current period.~~

To protect against a reduction in the value of forecasted foreign currency cash flows resulting from export sales, the Company has instituted a foreign currency cash flow hedging program. The Company hedges portions of its forecasted cash flows denominated in foreign currencies with forward contracts. When the dollar strengthens significantly against foreign currencies, the decline in the present value of future foreign currency revenue is offset by gains in the fair value of the forward contracts designated as hedges. Conversely, when the dollar weakens, the increase in the present value of future foreign currency cash flows is offset by losses in the fair value of the forward contracts.

The maximum length of time over which the Company hedges its exposure to the variability in future cash flows for forecast transactions is generally eighteen months or less.

Purpose for Derivative Instruments not designated as Hedging Instruments:

For derivative instruments that are not designated as hedging instruments, the instruments are typically forward contracts. In general, the practice is to reduce volatility by selectively hedging transaction exposures including intercompany loans, accounts payable and accounts receivable. Intercompany loans between entities with different functional currencies typically are hedged with a forward contract at the inception of the loan with a maturity date corresponding to the maturity of the loan. The revaluation of these contracts, as well as the revaluation of the underlying balance sheet items, is recorded directly to the income statement so the adjustment generally offsets the revaluation of the underlying balance sheet items to protect cash payments and reduce income statement volatility.

The following table presents the fair value of the Company's derivative instruments at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Those balances are presented within "Other non-current assets" and "Other non-current liabilities" in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Asset Derivatives Liability Derivatives
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017 June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
Foreign currency forward contracts $ 4.0
$ 0.5
$ 0.6
$ 2.1

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign currency forward contracts 3.9
0.8
1.0
5.0
Total Derivatives $ 7.9
$ 1.3
$ 1.6
$ 7.1

~~The following tables present the~~ impact of derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments for the three and six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~2017,~~2018, respectively, and their location within the Consolidated Statements of Income:

Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in
Other Comprehensive Loss
Three Months Ended
June 30, Six Months Ended
June 30,
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships: 2018 2017 2018 2017
Foreign currency forward contracts $ 4.4
$ (2.0 ) $ 4.0
$ (3.1 )

Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss into income (effective portion)
Three Months Ended
June 30, Six Months Ended
June 30,
Derivatives in cash flow hedging relationships: Location of gain or (loss) recognized in income 2018 2017 2018 2017
Foreign currency forward contracts Cost of products sold $ (0.2 ) $ 0.4
$ (1.4 ) $ 0.7
Interest rate swaps Interest expense (0.2 ) (0.1 ) (0.4 ) (0.2 )
Total $ (0.4 ) $ 0.3
$ (1.8 ) $ 0.5


		Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in income											Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in income
		Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,						Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:	Location of gain or (loss) recognized in income	2018		2017			2018		2017			Location of gain or (loss) recognized in income	2019			2018		2019		2018
Foreign currency forward contracts	Other income (expense), net	$	11.0	$	(7.2	)	$	6.7	$	(8.3	)	Other income (expense), net	$	(0.3	)	$	11.0	$	2.7	$	6.7

~~Note 18 - Subsequent Events~~

On ~~July 24, 2018~~, the Company announced that it has reached an agreement to acquire Cone Drive, a leader in precision drives used in diverse markets including solar, automation, aerial platforms, and food and beverage. Cone Drive, located in Traverse City, Michigan, operates in the United States and China. Cone Drive is expected to generate full year sales just over $100 million for 2018.

On ~~July 26, 2018~~, the Company reached an agreement to acquire Rollon Group ("Rollon"), a leader in engineered linear motion products, specializing in the design and manufacture of linear guides, telescopic rails and linear actuators used in a wide range of industries such as passenger rail, aerospace, packaging and logistics, medical and automation. Rollon, located near Milan, Italy, has manufacturing operations in Italy, Germany and the U.S. Rollon is expected to generate full year sales of about $140 million for 2018.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

(Dollars in millions, except per share data)

Overview

Introduction:

The Timken Company ~~engineers, manufactures~~designs and ~~markets~~manages a growing portfolio of engineered bearings ~~transmissions, gearboxes, belts, chain, lubrication systems, couplings, industrial clutches~~ and ~~brakes~~power transmission products. With more than a century of innovation and ~~related products. The~~increasing knowledge, the Company ~~also offers a variety~~continuously improves the reliability and efficiency of ~~power system rebuild~~global machinery and ~~repair services.~~equipment to move the world forward. The Company’s growing product and services portfolio features many strong industrial brands, such as Timken®, Fafnir®, Philadelphia Gear®, Cone Drive®, Diamond Chain®, Drives®, Rollon®, Lovejoy® and Groeneveld®. Timken applies its deep knowledge of metallurgy, friction management and power transmission across the broad spectrum of bearings and related systems to improve the reliability and efficiency of machinery and equipment all around the world. Known for its quality products and collaborative technical sales model, Timken focuses on providing value to diverse markets worldwide through both OEMs and aftermarket channels. Withemploys more than ~~15,000~~18,000 people ~~operating~~globally in ~~33 countries, Timken makes the world more productive and keeps industry in motion.~~35 countries. The Company operates under two reportable segments: (1) Mobile Industries and (2) Process Industries. The following further describes these business segments:

•

Mobile Industries serves OEM customers that manufacture off-highway equipment for the agricultural, mining and construction markets; on-highway vehicles including passenger cars, light trucks, and medium- and heavy-duty trucks; rail cars and locomotives; outdoor power equipment; rotorcraft and fixed-wing aircraft; and other mobile equipment. Beyond service parts sold to OEMs, aftermarket sales and services to individual end users, equipment owners, operators and maintenance shops are handled directly or through the Company's extensive network of authorized automotive and heavy-truck distributors.

•

Process Industries serves OEM and end-user customers in industries that place heavy demands on the fixed operating equipment they make or use in heavy and other general industrial sectors. This includes metals, cement and aggregate production; coal power generation and ~~wind power generation;~~renewable energy sources; oil and gas extraction and refining; pulp and paper and food processing; automation and robotics; and health and critical motion control equipment. Other applications include marine equipment, gear drives, cranes, hoists and conveyors. This segment also supports aftermarket sales and service needs through its global network of authorized industrial distributors and through the provision of services directly to end users.

Timken creates value by understanding customer needs and applying its know-how ~~in attractive market sectors, serving~~to serve a broad range of customers in attractive markets and industries across the globe. The Company’s business strengths include its product technology, end-market diversity, geographic reach and aftermarket mix. Timken collaborates with OEMs to improve equipment efficiency with its engineered products and captures subsequent equipment replacement cycles by selling largely through independent channels in the aftermarket. Timken focuses its international efforts and footprint in regions of the world where strong macroeconomic factors such as urbanization, infrastructure development and sustainability create demand for its products and services.

The ~~Timken Business Model~~ ~~is the specific framework for how the Company evaluates opportunities and differentiates itself in the market.~~

Company's strategy has three primary elements:

Outgrowing Our Markets. The Company intends to expand into new and existing markets by leveraging its collective knowledge of metallurgy, friction management and mechanical power transmission to create value for Timken customers. Using a highly collaborative technical selling approach, the Company places particular emphasis on creating unique solutions for challenging and/or demanding applications. The Company intends to grow in attractive market sectors around the world, emphasizing those spaces that are highly fragmented, demand high service and value the reliability and efficiency offered by Timken products. The Company also targets those applications that offer significant aftermarket demand, thereby providing product and services revenue throughout the equipment’s lifetime.

Operating With Excellence. Timken operates with a relentless drive for exceptional results and a passion for superior execution. The Company embraces a continuous improvement culture that is charged with increasing efficiency, lowering costs, eliminating waste, encouraging organizational agility and building greater brand equity to fuel future growth. This requires the Company’s ongoing commitment to attract, retain and develop the best talent across the world.

Deploying Capital to Drive Shareholder Value. The Company is intently focused on providing the highest returns for shareholders through its capital allocation framework, which includes: (1) investing in the core business through capital expenditures, research and development and other organic growth initiatives; (2) pursuing strategic acquisitions to broaden its portfolio and capabilities across diverse markets, with a focus on bearings, adjacent power transmission products and related services; ~~and~~ (3) returning capital to shareholders through dividends and share ~~repurchases.~~repurchases; and (4) maintaining a strong balance sheet and sufficient liquidity. As part of this framework, the Company may also restructure, reposition or divest underperforming product lines or assets.

The following highlights the Company's recent significant strategic accomplishment:

On ~~July 24, 2018,~~April 1, 2019, the Company ~~announced that it has reached an agreement to acquire Cone Drive,~~completed the acquisition of Diamond Chain, a ~~leader in precision drives used in~~leading supplier of high-performance roller chains for industrial markets. Diamond Chain serves a diverse ~~markets~~range of market sectors, including ~~solar, automation, aerial platforms, and~~industrial distribution, material handling, food and ~~beverage. Cone Drive, located~~beverage, agriculture, construction and other process industries. Diamond Chain, based in ~~Traverse City, Michigan,~~Indianapolis, Indiana, operates primarily in the United States and ~~China. Cone Drive is expected to generate full year~~China and had annual sales ~~just over $100~~of approximately $60 million for ~~2018.~~

~~On July 26, 2018,~~ the Company reached an agreement to acquire Rollon Group ("Rollon"), a leader in engineered linear motion products, specializing in the design and manufacture of linear guides, telescopic rails and linear actuators used in a wide range of industries such as passenger rail, aerospace, packaging and logistics, medical and automation. Rollon, located near Milan, Italy, has manufacturing operations in Italy, Germany and the U.S. Rollon is expected to generate full year sales of about $140 million for 2018.

twelve months ended March 31, 2019.

Overview:



	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		$ Change		% Change
Net sales	$	1,000.0	$	906.3	$	93.7	10.3	%
Net income	94.9		91.9		3.0		3.3	%
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	2.4		0.9		1.5		166.7	%
Net income attributable to The Timken Company	$	92.5	$	91.0	$	1.5	1.6	%
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.20	$	1.16	$	0.04	3.4	%
Average number of shares – diluted	77,208,432		78,496,298		—		(1.6	)%



	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		$ Change		% Change
Net sales	$	1,979.7	$	1,789.4	$	190.3	10.6	%
Net income	190.2		172.4		17.8		10.3	%
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	5.8		1.2		4.6		383.3	%
Net income attributable to The Timken Company	$	184.4	$	171.2	$	13.2	7.7	%
Diluted earnings per share	$	2.39	$	2.17	$	0.22	10.1	%
Average number of shares – diluted	77,098,982		78,751,951		—		(2.1	)%

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change % Change
Net sales $ 906.3
$ 750.6
$ 155.7
20.7 %
Net income 91.9
82.0
9.9
12.1 %
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest 0.9
(0.5 ) 1.4
(280.0 )%
Net income attributable to The Timken Company 91.0
82.5
8.5
10.3 %
Diluted earnings per share $ 1.16
$ 1.04
$ 0.12
11.5 %
Average number of shares – diluted 78,496,298
79,029,397
—
(0.7 )%

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change % Change
Net sales $ 1,789.4
$ 1,454.4
$ 335.0
23.0 %
Net income 172.4
120.1
52.3
43.5 %
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest 1.2
(0.6 ) 1.8
(300.0 )%
Net income attributable to The Timken Company 171.2
120.7
$ 50.5
41.8 %
Diluted earnings per share $ 2.17
$ 1.53
$ 0.64
41.8 %
Average number of shares – diluted 78,751,951
78,944,429
—
(0.2 )%

The increase in net sales for the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2018~~three months ended June 30, 2019 compared with the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2017~~three months ended June 30, 2018 was primarily ~~due to organic revenue growth~~ driven by ~~improved end-market demand and higher pricing,~~ the benefit of acquisitions, higher end-market demand in the Process Industries segment and the ~~favorable~~impact of higher pricing, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes. The increase in net income for the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2018~~three months ended June 30, 2019 compared with the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2017~~three months ended June 30, 2018 was primarily due to ~~improved performance across~~ the ~~business, driven by~~net benefit of acquisitions, the impact of ~~higher volume,~~ favorable price/mix ~~improved manufacturing performance~~ and ~~the benefit of acquisitions. These factors were~~higher volume, partially offset by higher interest expense, a higher tax rate and an accrual related to the ~~impact of higher income tax, material, logistics and SG&A expenses.~~ongoing legal matter in Brazil.

The increase in net sales for the first six months of ~~2018~~2019 compared with the first six months of ~~2017~~2018 was primarily ~~due to organic revenue growth~~ driven by ~~improved end-market demand and higher pricing,~~ the benefit of acquisitions, higher end-market demand in the Process Industries segment and the ~~favorable~~impact of higher pricing, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes. The ~~change~~increase in net income for the first six months of ~~2018~~2019 compared with the first six months of ~~2017~~2018 was primarily due to ~~improved performance across~~ the ~~business, driven by~~net benefit of acquisitions, the impact of ~~higher volume,~~ favorable price/mix, higher volume, improved manufacturing performance ~~the benefit of acquisitions~~ and lower ~~net actuarial losses from the remeasurement of pension assets and obligations ("mark-to-market charges"). These factors were~~logistics costs, partially offset by higher interest expense, a higher tax rate, higher material costs (including tariffs) and a property loss from flood damage at the ~~impact of higher income tax, SG&A, material and logistics costs.~~Company's facility in Knoxville, Tennessee.

Outlook:

The Company expects ~~2018~~2019 full-year sales to increase approximately ~~21%~~7% to 9% compared with ~~2017~~2018 primarily due to ~~increased demand across most end-market sectors,~~organic growth in Process Industries and the benefit of acquisitions, including the ~~recently announced Cone Drive and Rollon acquisitions, and higher pricing.~~2018 Acquisitions, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes. The Company's earnings are expected to be higher in ~~2018~~2019 compared with ~~2017,~~2018, primarily due to favorable price/mix, the benefit of acquisitions, the impact of higher volume, ~~favorable price/mix,~~ improved manufacturing performance ~~the benefit of acquisitions,~~ and the impact of lower net actuarial losses ("mark-to-market ~~charges,~~charges"), partially offset by ~~higher material, logistics and SG&A expenses, and~~ the unfavorable impact of aforeign currency exchange rate changes, as well as higher income tax ~~rate (inclusive of discrete items).~~and interest expenses. The ~~2018~~2019 outlook does not account for pension and other post retirement mark-to-market charges ~~that will be recognized in the second half of 2018~~after June 30, 2019, because ~~the amount~~such amounts will not be known until ~~incurred.~~triggered or until the annual remeasurement in the fourth quarter.

The Company expects to generate operating cash of approximately ~~$370~~$510 million in ~~2018,~~2019, an increase from ~~2017~~2018 of approximately ~~$133~~$178 million or ~~56%.~~53%, as the Company anticipates higher net income and lower working capital requirements. The Company expects capital expenditures ~~to be 3.0% to 3.5%~~ of ~~net sales~~approximately $150 million in ~~2018,~~2019, compared with ~~3.5% of net sales~~$113 million in ~~2017.~~2018.

The Statement of Income

Sales:



	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		$ Change		% Change
Net Sales	$	1,000.0	$	906.3	$	93.7	10.3	%



	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		$ Change		% Change
Net Sales	$	1,979.7	$	1,789.4	$	190.3	10.6	%

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change % Change
Net Sales $ 906.3
$ 750.6
$ 155.7
20.7 %

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change % Change
Net Sales $ 1,789.4
$ 1,454.4
$ 335.0
23.0 %

Net sales increased for the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2018~~three months ended June 30, 2019 compared with the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2017,~~three months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to ~~higher organic revenue of $112 million,~~ the benefit of acquisitions of ~~$34~~$98 million and higher organic revenue of $18 million, partially offset by the ~~favorable~~unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes of ~~$10~~$22 million. The increase in organic revenue was driven primarily by improved demand ~~across most of~~in the ~~Company's end-market sectors led by industrial distribution and the industrial original equipment, off-highway, rail, heavy truck and services sectors,~~Process Industries segment, as well as ~~higher~~the impact of improved pricing.

Net sales increased for the first six months of ~~2018~~2019 compared with the first six months of ~~2017,~~2018, primarily due to ~~higher organic revenue of $219 million,~~ the benefit of acquisitions of ~~$81~~$169 million and higher organic revenue of $74 million, partially offset by the ~~favorable~~unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes of ~~$35~~$53 million. The increase in organic revenue was driven primarily by improved demand ~~across most of~~in the ~~Company's end-market sectors led by industrial distribution and the off-highway, industrial original equipment, heavy truck, rail and services sectors,~~Process Industries segment, as well as ~~higher~~the impact of improved pricing.

Gross Profit:



	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			$ Change		Change
Gross profit	$	305.7		$	267.4		$	38.3	14.3	%
Gross profit % to net sales	30.6		%	29.5		%			110	bps



	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			$ Change		Change
Gross profit	$	608.3		$	532.3		$	76.0	14.3	%
Gross profit % to net sales	30.7		%	29.7		%			100	bps

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change Change
Gross profit $ 267.4
$ 201.1
$ 66.3
33.0 %
Gross profit % to net sales 29.5 % 26.8 %

270 bps

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change Change
Gross profit $ 532.3
$ 383.3
$ 149.0
38.9 %
Gross profit % to net sales 29.7 % 26.4 % 330 bps

Gross profit increased in the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2018~~three months ended June 30, 2019 compared with the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2017,~~three months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to the benefit of acquisitions of $29 million and the impact of favorable price/mix.

Gross profit increased in the first six months of 2019 compared with the first six months of 2018, primarily due to the benefit of acquisitions of $52 million, favorable price/mix of $22 million, the impact of higher volume of ~~$38~~$20 million, ~~favorable price/mix of $19 million, the benefit of acquisitions of $13 million and~~ improved manufacturing performance of ~~$8 million.~~$9 million and lower logistics costs. These factors were partially offset by higher material ~~and logistics~~ costs (including tariffs) of ~~$11 million.~~

~~Gross profit increased in~~$17 million, the ~~first~~ ~~six~~ ~~months of 2018 compared with the first~~ ~~six~~ ~~months of 2017, primarily due to the~~unfavorable impact of ~~higher volume~~foreign currency exchange rate changes of ~~$74 million, favorable price/mix of $38 million, the benefit of acquisitions of $34~~$8 million and ~~improved manufacturing performance~~a property loss and related expenses of ~~$18 million. These factors were partially offset by higher material and logistics costs of $21 million.~~$6 million from flood damage at the Company's facility in Knoxville, Tennessee.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses:



	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			$ Change		Change
Selling, general and administrative expenses	$	158.7		$	141.8		$	16.9	11.9	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses % to net sales	15.9		%	15.6		%			30	bps



	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			$ Change		Change
Selling, general and administrative expenses	$	311.4		$	290.4		$	21.0	7.2	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses % to net sales	15.7		%	16.2		%	—		(50	) bps

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change Change
Selling, general and administrative expenses $ 141.8
$ 123.9
$ 17.9
14.4%
Selling, general and administrative expenses % to net sales 15.6 % 16.5 % (90) bps

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change Change
Selling, general and administrative expenses $ 290.4
$ 241.5
$ 48.9
20.2%
Selling, general and administrative expenses % to net sales 16.2 % 16.6 % (40) bps

The increase in selling, general and administrative ("SG&A&A") expenses infor the ~~second~~ ~~quarter~~three and ~~first~~ six months ~~of 2018~~ended June 30, 2019 compared with the ~~second~~ ~~quarter~~three and ~~first~~ six months ~~of 2017~~ended June 30, 2018 was primarily due to the impact of acquisitions of $8$17 million and ~~$21~~$31 million, ~~respectively, higher incentive~~respectively. The increase in SG&A expenses when comparing the first six months of 2019 with the first six months of 2018 was partially offset by the favorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes and lower compensation ~~expenses and other spending increases to support the current level of business activity.~~

~~Impairment and Restructuring:~~

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change % Change
Severance and related benefit costs $ 0.2
$ 0.7
$ (0.5 ) (71.4 )%
Exit costs 0.1
0.1
—
— %
Total $ 0.3
$ 0.8
$ (0.5 ) (62.5 )%

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change % Change
Severance and related benefit costs $ 0.4
$ 1.9
$ (1.5 ) (78.9 )%
Exit costs 0.1
0.6
(0.5 ) (83.3 )%
Total $ 0.5
$ 2.5
$ (2.0 ) (80.0 )%
expense.

Interest Income and Expense:



	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			$ Change			% Change
Interest expense	$	(19.3	)	$	(10.7	)	$	(8.6	)	80.4	%
Interest income	$	1.1		$	0.5		$	0.6		120.0	%


	Three Months Ended June 30,											Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			$ Change			% Change		2019			2018			$ Change			% Change
Interest expense	$	(10.7	)	$	(8.5	)	$	(2.2	)	25.9	%
Interest (expense)												$	(37.3	)	$	(20.7	)	$	(16.6	)	80.2	%
Interest income	$	0.5		$	0.7		$	(0.2	)	(28.6	)%	$	2.4		$	0.9		$	1.5		166.7	%

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change % Change
Interest expense $ (20.7 ) $ (16.4 ) $ (4.3 ) 26.2 %
Interest income $ 0.9
$ 1.3
$ (0.4 ) (30.8 )%

The increase in interest expense infor the ~~second quarter~~three and ~~first~~ six months ~~of 2018~~ended June 30, 2019 compared with the ~~second quarter~~three and ~~first~~ six months ~~of 2017~~ended June 30, 2018 was primarily due to an increase in outstanding debt to fund the ~~Groeneveld acquisition in the second half~~acquisitions of ~~2017~~Rollon and ~~other cash needs.~~Cone Drive.

Other Income (Expense):



	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		$ Change			% Change
Non-service pension and other postretirement income	$	0.2	$	4.1	$	(3.9	)	(95.1	)%
Other income, net	1.4		2.9		(1.5		)	(51.7	)%
Total other income, net	$	1.6	$	7.0	$	(5.4	)	(77.1	)%



	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019		2018		$ Change			% Change
Non-service pension and other postretirement income	$	0.3	$	5.7	$	(5.4	)	(94.7	)%
Other income, net	4.7		3.6		1.1			30.6	%
Total other income, net	$	5.0	$	9.3	$	(4.3	)	(46.2	)%

Three Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change % Change
Other income, net $ 7.0
$ 5.3
$ 1.7
32.1 %

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change % Change
Other income, net $ 9.3
$ 3.3
$ 6.0
181.8 %

~~The increase~~Non-service pension and other postretirement income decreased in ~~other income, net for~~ the ~~first~~ three and six months ~~of 2018~~ended June 30, 2019 compared with the ~~first~~ three and six months ~~of 2017 was~~ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to ~~the impact of mark-to-market pension adjustments in the respective periods. The Company recognized actuarial gains of $2 million during the~~ ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2018, after recognizing actuarial losses of $4 million during the first~~ ~~six~~ ~~months of 2017. The mark-to-market charges were required in each period as a result of lump sum payments to new retirees exceeding service and interest costs~~lower expected returns on lower plan assets for ~~one of the Company's U.S.~~ defined benefit pension ~~plans.~~plans in 2019, as well as the non-recurrence of remeasurement gains recorded in the prior-year periods.

Income Tax Expense:


	Three Months Ended June 30,										Three Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			$ Change		% Change		2019			2018			$ Change		% Change
Provision (benefit) for income taxes	$	30.2		$	(8.1	)	$	38.3	(472.8	)%
Provision for income taxes											$	33.6		$	30.2		$	3.4	11.3	%
Effective tax rate	24.7		%	(11.0		)%			NM		26.1		%	24.7		%			140 bps


	Six Months Ended June 30,									Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			$ Change		Change	2019			2018			$ Change		Change
Provision for income taxes	$	58.5		$	7.4		$	51.1	NM	$	74.9		$	58.5		$	16.4	28.0	%
Effective tax rate	25.3		%	5.8		%			NM	28.3		%	25.3		%			300 bps

Income tax expense increased ~~$38~~$3.4 million for the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2018~~three months ended June 30, 2019 compared with the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2017~~three months ended June 30, 2018 primarily due to income taxes on higher pre-tax earnings, as well as higher discrete tax benefits in the ~~reversal~~prior year period.

Income tax expense increased $16.4 million for the first six months of ~~$34 million~~2019 compared with the first six months of 2018 primarily due to income taxes on higher pre-tax earnings. Income tax expense also increased due to higher discrete tax expense in the current year period related to additional accruals for uncertain tax positions ~~(including~~ related ~~interest) during 2017 based on the expiration of various statutes of limitations.~~

~~Income tax expense increased $51 million for the first~~ ~~six~~ ~~months of 2018 compared with the first~~ ~~six~~ ~~months of 2017 primarily due~~ to the reversal of $34 million of accruals for uncertain tax positions (including related interest) during 2017 based on the expiration of various statutes of limitations. Income tax expense also increased $16 million due to higher pre-tax earnings, partially offset by the net benefits of U.S. Tax ~~Reform, which reduced the U.S. federal statutory rate from 35% to 21% on U.S. earnings beginning in 2018.~~Reform.

Refer to Note 1516 - Income Taxes ~~to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements~~ for more information on the computation of the income tax expense in interim periods.

Business Segments

The Company's reportable segments are business units that serve different industry sectors. While the segments often operate using shared infrastructure, each reportable segment is managed to address specific customer needs in these diverse market sectors. The primary measurement used by management to measure the financial performance of each segment is EBIT. Refer to Note 1213 - Segment Information ~~in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements~~ for the reconciliation of EBIT by segment to consolidated income before income taxes.

The presentation of segment results below includes a reconciliation of the changes in net sales for each segment reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP to net sales adjusted to remove the effects of acquisitions and divestitures completed in ~~2017~~2019and2018 and foreign currency exchange rate changes. The effects of acquisitions, divestitures and foreign currency exchange rate changes on net sales are removed to allow investors and the Company to meaningfully evaluate the percentage change in net sales on a comparable basis from period to period.

The following items highlight the Company's acquisitions and divestitures completed in ~~2017~~2019and 2018 by segment based on the customers and underlying markets served:

The Company acquired ~~Groeneveld~~Diamond Chain during the second quarter of 2019. Substantially all of the results for Diamond Chain are reported in the Process Industries segment.

The Company acquired Rollon, Cone Drive and ABC Bearings during the third quarter of ~~2017. Results~~2018. Substantially all of the results for ~~Groeneveld~~Cone Drive and Rollon are reported in the Process Industries segment. Substantially all of the results for ABC Bearings are reported in the Mobile Industries ~~and Process Industries segments based on customers served.~~segment.

The Company ~~acquired Torsion Control Products and PT Tech during~~divested Groeneveld Information Technology Holding B.V. (the "ICT Business") on September 19, 2018. Results for the ~~second quarter of 2017. Substantially all of the results for Torsion Control Products are~~ICT Business were reported in the Mobile Industries segment. ~~Results for PT Tech are reported in the Mobile Industries and Process Industries segments based on customers served.~~

Mobile Industries Segment:


	Three Months Ended June 30,										Three Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			$ Change		Change		2019			2018			$ Change		Change
Net sales	$	489.1		$	408.4		$	80.7	19.8	%	$	493.7		$	489.1		$	4.6	0.9	%
EBIT	$	54.5		$	34.4		$	20.1	58.4	%	$	59.1		$	54.5		$	4.6	8.4	%
EBIT margin	11.1		%	8.4		%			270	bps	12.0		%	11.1		%			90	bps



	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018		$ Change			% Change
Net sales	$	493.7		$	489.1	$	4.6		0.9	%
Less: Acquisitions	25.0			—		25.0			NM
Divestitures	(3.1		)	—		(3.1		)	NM
Currency	(11.1		)	—		(11.1		)	NM
Net sales, excluding the impact of acquisitions, divestitures and currency	$	482.9		$	489.1	$	(6.2	)	(1.3	%)



	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2019			2018			$ Change		% Change
Net sales	$	993.7		$	977.6		$	16.1	1.6	%
EBIT	$	120.5		$	105.6		$	14.9	14.1	%
EBIT margin	12.1		%	10.8		%	—		130	bps


	Three Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		$ Change		% Change		2019			2018		$ Change			% Change
Net sales	$	489.1	$	408.4	$	80.7	19.8	%	$	993.7		$	977.6	$	16.1		1.6	%
Less: Acquisitions	30.7		—		30.7		NM		46.8			—		46.8			NM
Divestitures									(6.5		)	—		(6.5		)	NM
Currency	3.5		—		3.5		NM		(27.5		)	—		(27.5		)	NM
Net sales, excluding the impact of acquisitions and currency	$	454.9	$	408.4	$	46.5	11.4	%
Net sales, excluding the impact of acquisitions, divestitures and currency									$	980.9		$	977.6	$	3.3		0.3	%

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change Change
Net sales $ 977.6
$ 791.4
$ 186.2
23.5 %
EBIT $ 105.6
$ 67.0
$ 38.6
57.6 %
EBIT margin 10.8 % 8.5 % 230 bps

Six Months Ended
June 30,
2018 2017 $ Change % Change
Net sales $ 977.6
$ 791.4
$ 186.2
23.5 %
Less: Acquisitions 73.7
—
73.7
NM
Currency 14.7
—
14.7
NM
Net sales, excluding the impact of acquisitions and currency $ 889.2
$ 791.4
$ 97.8
12.4 %

The Mobile Industries segment's net sales, excluding the effects of acquisitions, divestitures and foreign currency exchange rate changes, ~~increased $47~~decreased $6.2 million or ~~11.4%~~1.3% in the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2018~~three months ended June 30, 2019 compared with the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2017,~~three months ended June 30, 2018, reflecting lower shipments in the off highway and heavy truck market sectors, partially offset by organic growth in the ~~off-highway, rail~~aerospace sector and ~~heavy truck sectors.~~higher shipments in the automotive sector, as well as higher pricing. EBIT increased by ~~$20~~$4.6 million or ~~58.4%~~8.4% in the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2018~~three months ended June 30, 2019 compared with the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2017,~~three months ended June 30, 2018, primarily due to ~~higher volume of $14 million, improved manufacturing performance of $7 million, favorable price/mix of $6 million and~~ the benefit of ~~acquisitions. These factors were~~acquisitions, net of divestitures, and lower logistics costs, partially offset by ~~higher material and logistics costs~~the impact of ~~$6 million and higher SG&A expenses of $5 million.~~lower volume.

The Mobile Industries segment's net sales, excluding the effects of acquisitions, divestitures and foreign currency exchange rate changes, increased~~$98~~ $3.3 million or~~12.4%~~ 0.3% in the first six months of ~~2018~~2019 compared with the first six months of ~~2017,~~2018, reflecting organic growth in the ~~off-highway,~~aerospace and automotive sectors, as well as, higher pricing, partially offset by a decline in revenue growth in the off highway and heavy truck ~~and rail~~market sectors. EBIT increased by ~~$39~~$14.9 million or ~~57.6%~~14.1% in the first six months of ~~2018~~2019 compared with the first six months of ~~2017,~~2018, primarily due to ~~higher volume of $31 million,~~ the net benefit of acquisitions, ~~of $11 million,~~ improved manufacturing performance, ~~of $9 million~~lower SG&A and logistics costs and favorable price/~~mix of $8 million and lower restructuring charges of $7 million.~~mix. These factors were partially offset by higher material costs and ~~logistics costs of $12 million~~a property loss and ~~higher SG&A~~related expenses ~~of $12 million.~~from flood damage at the Company's facility in Knoxville, Tennessee.

Full-year sales for the Mobile Industries segment are expected to be approximately flat to up ~~approximately 18%~~1% in ~~2018~~2019 compared with ~~2017.~~2018. This reflects ~~expected growth across most end-market sectors, led by off-highway, rail, heavy truck and automotive sectors, as well as~~ the benefit of ~~acquisitions.~~acquisitions net of divestitures, partially offset by slightly lower organic revenue and the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes. EBIT for the Mobile Industries segment is expected to increase in ~~2018~~2019 compared with ~~2017~~2018 primarily due to the impact of ~~higher volume,~~ favorable price/mix, the impact of acquisitions, and ~~improved manufacturing performance,~~lower logistics and SG&A costs, partially offset by ~~higher material, logistics~~the impact of lower volume and ~~SG&A expenses.~~unfavorable foreign currency exchange rate changes.

Process Industries Segment:


	Three Months Ended June 30,										Three Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			$ Change		Change		2019			2018			$ Change		Change
Net sales	$	417.2		$	342.2		$	75.0	21.9	%	$	506.3		$	417.2		$	89.1	21.4	%
EBIT	$	90.6		$	60.2		$	30.4	50.5	%	$	103.0		$	90.6		$	12.4	13.7	%
EBIT margin	21.7		%	17.6		%			410	bps	20.3		%	21.7		%			(140) bps


	Three Months Ended June 30,								Three Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		$ Change		% Change		2019			2018		$ Change			% Change
Net sales	$	417.2	$	342.2	$	75.0	21.9	%	$	506.3		$	417.2	$	89.1		21.4	%
Less: Acquisitions	3.1		—		3.1		NM		76.4			—		76.4			NM
Currency	6.6		—		6.6		NM		(11.4		)	—		(11.4		)	NM
Net sales, excluding the impact of acquisitions and currency	$	407.5	$	342.2	$	65.3	19.1	%	$	441.3		$	417.2	$	24.1		5.8	%


	Six Months Ended June 30,										Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			$ Change		Change		2019			2018			$ Change		Change
Net sales	$	811.8		$	663.0		$	148.8	22.4	%	$	986.0		$	811.8		$	174.2	21.5	%
EBIT	$	172.2		$	104.3		$	67.9	65.1	%	$	209.2		$	172.2		$	37.0	21.5	%
EBIT margin	21.2		%	15.7		%			550	bps	21.2		%	21.2		%			—


	Six Months Ended June 30,								Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018		2017		$ Change		% Change		2019			2018		$ Change			% Change
Net sales	$	811.8	$	663.0	$	148.8	22.4	%	$	986.0		$	811.8	$	174.2		21.5	%
Less: Acquisitions	7.1		—		7.1		NM		128.9			—		128.9			NM
Currency	19.9		—		19.9		NM		(25.5		)	—		(25.5		)	NM
Net sales, excluding the impact of acquisitions and currency	$	784.8	$	663.0	$	121.8	18.4	%	$	882.6		$	811.8	$	70.8		8.7	%

The Process Industries segment's net sales, excluding the effects of acquisitions and foreign currency exchange rate changes, increased ~~$65~~$24.1 million or ~~19.1%~~5.8% in the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2018~~three months ended June 30, 2019 compared with the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2017.~~three months ended June 30, 2018. The increase was primarily driven by ~~increased~~stronger demand across ~~the industrial~~most sectors, ~~including distribution, original equipment~~led by marine, wind energy and ~~services,~~heavy industries as well as higher pricing. EBIT increased ~~$30~~$12.4 million or ~~50.5%~~13.7% in the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2018~~three months ended June 30, 2019 compared with the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2017~~three months ended June 30, 2018 primarily due to the net benefit of acquisitions, the impact of higher volume ~~of $24 million~~ and favorable price/~~mix of $12 million.~~mix. These factors were partially offset by higher ~~material~~SG&A expense and ~~logistics and SG&A expenses.~~tariff costs.

The Process Industries segment's net sales, excluding the effects of acquisitions and foreign currency exchange rate changes, increased ~~$122~~$70.8 million or ~~18.4%~~8.7% in the first six months of ~~2018~~2019 compared with the first six months of ~~2017.~~2018. The increase was primarily driven by increased demand across ~~the~~most sectors, led by wind energy, marine, heavy industries and industrial ~~sectors, including distribution, original equipment and services, as well as higher pricing.~~distribution. EBIT increased ~~$68~~$37.0 million or ~~65.1%~~21.5% in the first six months of ~~2018~~2019 compared with the first six months of ~~2017~~2018 primarily due to the impact of higher volume, the net benefit of ~~$45 million,~~acquisitions and favorable price/~~mix of $29 million, improved manufacturing performance of $8 million~~mix. These factors were partially offset by higher material costs (including tariffs) and SG&A expense and the negative impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes. ~~These factors were partially offset by higher SG&A expenses of $11 million and higher material and logistics costs of $9 million.~~

Full-year sales for the Process Industries segment are expected to be up approximately ~~25%~~16% to 17% in ~~2018~~2019 compared with ~~2017.~~2018. This reflects expected organic growth across most ~~industrial~~ sectors, ~~including distribution, original equipment and services,~~ as well as ~~higher pricing,~~ the ~~favorable~~benefit of acquisitions, partially offset by the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rate ~~changes and the benefit of acquisitions.~~changes. EBIT for the Process Industries segment is expected to increase in ~~2018~~2019 compared with ~~2017~~2018 primarily due to the impact of higher volume, favorable price/mix, the benefit of acquisitions and improved manufacturing performance, partially offset by higher SG&A ~~expenses~~expense and higher material ~~and logistics costs.~~costs (including tariffs).

Corporate:


	Three Months Ended June 30,									Three Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			$ Change		Change	2019			2018			$ Change		Change
Corporate expenses	$	15.2		$	12.9		$	2.3	17.8%	$	15.4		$	15.2		$	0.2	1.3%
Corporate expenses % to net sales	1.7		%	1.7		%			—	1.5		%	1.7		%			(20) bps


	Six Months Ended June 30,									Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			$ Change		Change	2019			2018			$ Change		Change
Corporate expenses	$	29.5		$	24.3		$	5.2	21.4%	$	29.7		$	29.3		$	0.4	1.4%
Corporate expenses % to net sales	1.6		%	1.7		%			(10) bps	1.5		%	1.6		%			(10) bps

The Balance Sheet

The following discussion is a comparison of the Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, ~~2018~~2019 and December 31, ~~2017~~2018.

Current Assets:


	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017		$ Change			% Change		June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018		$ Change		% Change
Cash and cash equivalents	$	145.2	$	121.6	$	23.6		19.4	%	$	166.8	$	132.5	$	34.3	25.9	%
Restricted cash	1.4		3.8		(2.4		)	(63.2	)%	0.6		0.6		—		—	%
Accounts receivable, net	530.2		524.9		5.3			1.0	%	589.9		546.6		43.3		7.9	%
Contract assets	127.5		—		127.5			NM
Unbilled receivables										153.3		116.6		36.7		31.5	%
Inventories, net	777.4		738.9		38.5			5.2	%	843.8		835.7		8.1		1.0	%
Deferred charges and prepaid expenses	25.3		29.7		(4.4		)	(14.8	)%	29.3		28.2		1.1		3.9	%
Other current assets	92.8		81.2		11.6			14.3	%	83.0		77.0		6.0		7.8	%
Total current assets	$	1,699.8	$	1,500.1	$	199.7		13.3	%	$	1,866.7	$	1,737.2	$	129.5	7.5	%

Refer to the "Cash Flows" section for discussion on the change in Cash and cash equivalents. ~~Contract assets~~Accounts receivable and unbilled receivables increased primarily due to ~~the adoption of the new revenue standard, including the reclassification of revenue recognized~~higher sales in ~~excess of billings of $67 million at~~June 2019 compared to December ~~31, 2017 from accounts receivable. Refer to~~ ~~Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies~~ ~~for additional information. Inventories increased to meet higher demand and the impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes.~~2018.

Property, Plant and Equipment, Net:

June 30,
2018 December 31,
2017 $ Change % Change
Property, plant and equipment $ 2,392.7
$ 2,405.6
$ (12.9 ) (0.5 )%
Less: accumulated depreciation (1,558.2 ) (1,541.4 ) (16.8 ) 1.1 %
Property, plant and equipment, net $ 834.5
$ 864.2
$ (29.7 ) (3.4 )%



	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018		$ Change			% Change
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	912.0	$	912.1	$	(0.1	)	—	%

The decrease in net property, plant and equipment ("PP&E") in the first six months of ~~2018~~2019 was primarily due to ~~current-year depreciation of $50 million and the impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes of $17 million, partially offset by~~ capital expenditures of $38 million and the addition of PP&E related to recent acquisitions of $13 million, offset by depreciation in 2019 of $52 million.

Operating Lease Assets



	June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018		$ Change		% Change
Operating lease assets	$	117.3	$	—	$	117.3	NM

The increase in operating lease assets in the first six months of 2019 was primarily due to the adoption of the new lease accounting standard. The increase also includes the reclassification of $15.3 million of lease assets from non-current assets to operating lease assets related to purchase accounting adjustments from the ABC Bearings acquisition. These assets do not have corresponding lease liabilities. Refer to Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.

Other Assets:


	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017		$ Change			% Change		June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018		$ Change			% Change
Goodwill	$	493.7	$	511.8	$	(18.1	)	(3.5	)%	$	969.4	$	960.5	$	8.9		0.9	%
Non-current pension assets	26.0		19.7		6.3			32.0	%	10.9		6.2		4.7			75.8	%
Other intangible assets	389.0		420.6		(31.6		)	(7.5	)%	731.5		733.2		(1.7		)	(0.2	)%
Deferred income taxes	55.1		61.0		(5.9		)	(9.7	)%	49.4		59.0		(9.6		)	(16.3	)%
Other non-current assets	29.9		25.0		4.9			19.6	%	17.0		37.0		(20.0		)	(54.1	)%
Total other assets	$	993.7	$	1,038.1	$	(44.4	)	(4.3	)%	$	1,778.2	$	1,795.9	$	(17.7	)	(1.0	)%

The decrease in other ~~intangible~~non-current assets was primarily due to ~~current-year amortization~~the reclassification of ~~$21~~$15.3 million ~~and~~of lease assets from non-current assets to operating lease assets related to the ~~impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes.~~ABC Bearings acquisition.

Current Liabilities:


	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017		$ Change			% Change		June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018		$ Change			% Change
Short-term debt	$	162.3	$	105.4	$	56.9		54.0	%	$	37.3	$	33.6	$	3.7		11.0	%
Current portion of long-term debt	2.7		2.7		—			—	%	9.0		9.4		(0.4		)	(4.3	)%
Short-term operating lease liabilities										29.5		—		29.5			NM
Accounts payable	253.2		265.2		(12.0		)	(4.5	)%	291.6		273.2		18.4			6.7	%
Salaries, wages and benefits	111.4		127.9		(16.5		)	(12.9	)%	134.3		174.9		(40.6		)	(23.2	)%
Income taxes payable	15.1		9.8		5.3			54.1	%	26.4		23.5		2.9			12.3	%
Other current liabilities	166.5		160.7		5.8			3.6	%	168.2		171.0		(2.8		)	(1.6	)%
Total current liabilities	$	711.2	$	671.7	$	39.5		5.9	%	$	696.3	$	685.6	$	10.7		1.6	%

The increase in short-term ~~debt~~operating lease liabilities was primarily due to ~~higher borrowings~~the adoption of ~~$34 million under~~ the ~~Company's Accounts Receivable Facility and higher borrowings of $23 million under foreign lines of credit~~new lease accounting standard. Refer to ~~fund operating and other cash needs.~~ Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.

The ~~decrease~~increase in accounts payable was primarily due to ~~decreased purchasing~~an increase in purchase activity ~~as well as lower days outstanding.~~ to meet higher demand levels. The decrease in accrued salaries, wages and benefits was primarily due to timing as the payments ~~for 2017 performance-based compensation exceeding accruals~~ for 2018 performance-based compensation ~~expense by $15 million.~~exceeded accruals for 2019 performance-based compensation expense during the first half of the year.

Non-Current Liabilities:


	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017		$ Change			% Change		June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018		$ Change			% Change
Long-term debt	$	881.4	$	854.2	$	27.2		3.2	%	$	1,642.6	$	1,638.6	$	4.0		0.2	%
Accrued pension cost	165.7		167.3		(1.6		)	(1.0	)%	162.6		161.3		1.3			0.8	%
Accrued postretirement benefits cost	122.2		122.6		(0.4		)	(0.3	)%	109.3		108.7		0.6			0.6	%
Long-term operating lease liabilities										73.0		—		73.0			NM
Deferred income taxes	40.4		44.0		(3.6		)	(8.2	)%	128.7		138.0		(9.3		)	(6.7	)%
Other non-current liabilities	54.8		67.7		(12.9		)	(19.1	)%	78.1		70.3		7.8			11.1	%
Total non-current liabilities	$	1,264.5	$	1,255.8	$	8.7		0.7	%	$	2,194.3	$	2,116.9	$	77.4		3.7	%

The increase in long-term ~~debt~~operating lease liabilities was primarily due to ~~increased borrowings of $43 million under~~ the Company's Senior Credit Facility to fund operating and other cash needs, partially offset by the impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes of $10 million. The decrease in other non-current liabilities was primarily driven by the applicationadoption of the ~~Company's estimated 2017 U.S. federal income tax overpayment of $13 million towards~~new lease accounting standard. Refer to Note 2 - Significant Accounting Policies in the ~~tax liability or "toll charge"~~Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for ~~unremitted foreign earnings enacted as part of U.S. Tax Reform.~~further discussion.

Shareholders’ Equity:


	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017			$ Change			% Change		June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018			$ Change			% Change
Common shares	$	960.3		$	956.9		$	3.4		0.4	%	$	994.4		$	1,005.0		$	(10.6	)	(1.1	)%
Earnings invested in the business	1,545.3			1,408.4			136.9			9.7	%	1,772.0			1,630.2			141.8			8.7	%
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(69.9		)	(38.3		)	(31.6		)	82.5	%	(97.5		)	(95.3		)	(2.2		)	2.3	%
Treasury shares	(913.9		)	(884.3		)	(29.6		)	3.3	%	(957.6		)	(960.3		)	2.7			(0.3	)%
Noncontrolling interest	30.5			32.2			(1.7		)	(5.3	)%	72.3			63.1			9.2			14.6	%
Total shareholders’ equity	$	1,552.3		$	1,474.9		$	77.4		5.2	%	$	1,783.6		$	1,642.7		$	140.9		8.6	%

Earnings invested in the business in the first six months of ~~2018~~2019 increased by net income attributable to the Company of ~~$171~~$184 million, partially offset by dividends declared of $43 million.

~~The increase in accumulated other comprehensive loss was primarily due to foreign currency adjustments of $35 million. See~~ ~~"Other Matters - Foreign Currency" for further discussion regarding the impact of foreign currency translation.~~

The increase in treasury shares was primarily due the Company's purchase of 1,069,610 of its common shares for $50 million, partially offset by $20 million of net shares issued for stock compensation plans during the first ~~six~~ ~~months of 2018.~~

Cash Flows


	Six Months Ended June 30,									Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			$ Change			2019			2018			$ Change
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	57.8		$	114.5		$	(56.7	)	$	209.9		$	57.8		$	152.1
Net cash used in investing activities	(36.0		)	(108.9		)	72.9			(119.8		)	(36.0		)	(83.8		)
Net cash provided by financing activities	7.9			280.0			(272.1		)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities										(56.9		)	7.9			(64.8		)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(8.5		)	10.7			(19.2		)	1.1			(8.5		)	9.6
Increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	21.2		$	296.3		$	(275.1	)	$	34.3		$	21.2		$	13.1

Operating Activities:

~~Operating activities provided net cash of $58 million~~The increase in ~~the first~~ ~~six~~ ~~months of 2018, compared with $115 million of~~ net cash provided inby operating activities for the first six months of ~~2017. The decrease~~2019 compared with the first six months of 2018 was primarily due to ~~an increase~~a decrease in cash used for working capital items of ~~$173~~$117.3 million, ~~partially offset by~~ higher net income of ~~$52~~$17.8 million and the favorable impact of income taxes on cash of ~~$45 million and the impact of foreign currency exchange rate changes of $15~~$6.1 million. Refer to the ~~table~~tables below for additional detail of the impact of each line item on net cash provided by operating activities.

The following table displays the impact of working capital items on cash during the first six months of 2019 and 2018, ~~and 2017,~~ respectively:


	Six Months Ended June 30,									Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			$ Change			2019			2018			$ Change
Cash (Used) Provided:
Accounts receivable	$	(86.4	)	$	(46.0	)	$	(40.4	)	$	(35.9	)	$	(86.4	)	$	50.5
Contact assets	(27.8		)	—			(27.8		)
Unbilled receivables										(36.6		)	(27.8		)	(8.8		)
Inventories	(79.9		)	(38.1		)	(41.8		)	16.6			(79.9		)	96.5
Trade accounts payable	(8.4		)	50.5			(58.9		)	13.4			(8.4		)	21.8
Other accrued expenses	(2.4		)	2.0			(4.4		)	(45.1		)	(2.4		)	(42.7		)
Cash used in working capital items	$	(204.9	)	$	(31.6	)	$	(173.3	)	$	(87.6	)	$	(204.9	)	$	117.3

The following table displays the impact of income taxes on cash during the first six months of 2019 and 2018, ~~and 2017,~~ respectively:


	Six Months Ended June 30,									Six Months Ended June 30,
	2018			2017			$ Change			2019			2018			$ Change
Accrued income tax expense	$	58.6		$	7.4		$	51.2		$	74.9		$	58.5		$	16.4
Income tax payments	(59.5		)	(54.4		)	(5.1		)	(68.7		)	(59.5		)	(9.2		)
Other miscellaneous items	(2.8		)	(2.0		)	(0.8		)	(3.8		)	(2.7		)	(1.1		)
Change in income taxes	$	(3.7	)	$	(49.0	)	$	45.3		$	2.4		$	(3.7	)	$	6.1

Investing Activities:

Net cash used in investing activities of ~~$36~~$119.8 million in for the first six months of ~~2018 decreased $73~~2019 increased $83.8 million from the same period in ~~2017~~2018 primarily due to ~~$64~~$83.0 million in cash used for acquisitions in ~~2017 that did not reoccur in 2018 and a net increase of $10 million for investments in short-term marketable securities.~~2019.

Financing Activities:

~~Net~~The cash ~~provided~~used by financing activities ~~was $8 million~~for the first six months of 2019 compared with the cash provided in the first six months of 2018 ~~compared with $280 million of net cash provided by financing activities in the first~~ ~~six~~ ~~months of 2017. The decrease in cash provided by financing activities~~ was primarily due to a decrease in net borrowings of ~~$237~~$85.2 million, ~~during~~partially offset by a decrease in the ~~first~~ ~~six~~ ~~months~~amount of ~~2018 compared with the first~~ ~~six~~ ~~months of 2017, primarily needed to fund the Groeneveld acquisition in 2017. In addition, an increase in~~ cash used infor share repurchases of ~~$23 million and a reduction in proceeds from stock option activity of $15 million during the first~~ ~~six~~ ~~months of 2018 compared with the first~~ ~~six~~ ~~months of 2017.~~$26.0 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources:

Reconciliation of total debt to net debt and the ratio of net debt to capital:

Net Debt:


	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017		June 30, 2019		December 31, 2018
Short-term debt	$	162.3	$	105.4	$	37.3	$	33.6
Current portion of long-term debt	2.7		2.7		9.0		9.4
Long-term debt	881.4		854.2		1,642.6		1,638.6
Total debt	$	1,046.4	$	962.3	$	1,688.9	$	1,681.6
Less: Cash and cash equivalents	145.2		121.6		166.8		132.5
Restricted cash	1.4		3.8		0.6		0.6
Net debt	$	899.8	$	836.9	$	1,521.5	$	1,548.5

Ratio of Net Debt to Capital:


	June 30, 2018			December 31, 2017			June 30, 2019			December 31, 2018
Net debt	$	899.8		$	836.9		$	1,521.5		$	1,548.5
Total equity	1,552.3			1,474.9			1,783.6			1,642.7
Net debt plus total equity (capital)	$	2,452.1		$	2,311.8		$	3,305.1		$	3,191.2
Ratio of net debt to capital	36.7		%	36.2		%	46.0		%	48.5		%

The Company presents net debt because it believes net debt is more representative of the Company's financial position than total debt due to the amount of cash and cash equivalents held by the ~~Company.~~Company and the ability to utilize such cash and cash equivalents to reduce debt if needed.

At June 30, ~~2018~~2019, ~~$136~~$161.0 million of the Company's ~~$145~~$166.8 million of cash and cash equivalents resided in jurisdictions outside the U.S. It is the Company's practice to use available cash in the U.S. to pay down its Senior Credit Facility or Accounts Receivable Facility in order to minimize ~~total~~ interest expense. Repatriation of non-U.S. cash could be subject to taxes and some portion may be subject to governmental restrictions. Part of the Company's strategy is to grow in attractive market sectors, many of which are outside the U.S. This strategy includes making investments in facilities, equipment and potential new acquisitions. The Company plans to fund these investments, as well as meet working capital requirements, with cash and cash equivalents and unused lines of credit within the geographic location of these investments where feasible.

The Company expects that any cash requirements in excess of cash on hand and cash generated from operating activities will be met by the committed funds available under its Accounts Receivable Facility and Senior Credit Facility. Management believes it has sufficient liquidity to meet its obligations through ~~at least~~ the term of the Senior Credit Facility. ~~In addition, the Company expects to have continued access to the credit markets.~~

The Company has a $100 million Accounts Receivable Facility, which matures on November 30, ~~2018. The Company is exploring opportunities to refinance the facility prior to its maturity.~~2021. The Accounts Receivable Facility is subject to certain borrowing base limitations and is secured by certain domestic accounts receivable of the Company. Borrowings under the Accounts Receivable Facility were not reduced by any such borrowing base limitations at June 30, ~~2018.~~2019. As of June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the Company had ~~$96~~$100.0 million in outstanding borrowings, which reduced the availability under the facility to ~~$4 million.~~zero. The interest rate on the Accounts Receivable Facility is variable and was ~~2.93%~~3.32% as of June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, which reflects the prevailing commercial paper rate plus facility fees.

~~The~~On June 25, 2019, the Company ~~has a $500 million~~entered into the Senior Credit Facility, which is a $650.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility that matures on June ~~19, 2020.~~25, 2024. At June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the Senior Credit Facility had outstanding borrowings of ~~$95~~$54.6 million, which reduced the availability to ~~$405~~$595.4 million. The Senior Credit Facility has two financial covenants: a consolidated leverage ratio and a consolidated interest coverage ratio. The maximum consolidated leverage ratio permitted under the Senior Credit Facility is 3.5 to 1.0 ~~(3.75 to 1.0~~(increasing for a limited time period ~~up to four quarters~~ following ~~an acquisition with a purchase price of $200 million or greater)~~qualifying acquisitions). As of June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the Company's consolidated leverage ratio was ~~1.77~~2.4 to 1.0. The minimum consolidated interest coverage ratio permitted under the Senior Credit Facility is ~~3.5~~3.0 to 1.0. As of June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the Company's consolidated interest coverage ratio was ~~14.93~~10.9 to 1.0.

The interest rate under the Senior Credit Facility is variable and ~~represents a blended U.S. Dollar and Euro rate~~ with a spread based on the Company's debt ~~rating~~rating. This average rate on outstanding U.S. Dollar borrowings was 3.57% and the average rate on outstanding ~~borrowings. This blended rate~~Euro borrowings was ~~2.26%~~1.09% as of June 30, ~~2018.~~2019. In addition, the Company pays a facility fee based on the consolidated leverage ratio multiplied by the aggregate commitments of all of the lenders under the Senior Credit Facility.

Other sources of liquidity include short-term lines of credit for certain of the Company's foreign subsidiaries, which provide for borrowings of up to approximately ~~$286~~$272.6 million. Most of these credit lines are uncommitted. At June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the Company had borrowings outstanding of ~~$66~~$37.3 million and bank guarantees of $1$0.4 million, which reduced the aggregate availability under these facilities to ~~$219~~approximately $234.9 million.

On September 6, 2018, the Company issued the 2028 Notes in the aggregate principal amount of $400 million. On September 11, 2018, the Company entered into the 2023 Term Loan and borrowed $350 million. Proceeds from the 2028 Notes and 2023 Term Loan were used to fund the acquisitions of Cone Drive and Rollon, which closed on September 1, 2018 and September 18, 2018, respectively. On July 12, 2019, the Company amended the terms of the 2023 Term Loan to among other things, align covenants and other terms with the Company’s Senior Credit Facility. Refer to Note 7 - Financing Arrangements to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

On September 7, 2017, the Company issued the 2027 Notes in the aggregate principal amount of €150 million. On September 18, 2017, the Company entered into ~~a €100 million~~the 2020 Term ~~Loan. On June 14, 2018,~~Loan and borrowed €100 million. During the second quarter of 2019, the Company repaid €7€17.0 million ~~reducing~~under the 2020 Term Loan bringing the total paid to-date to €28 million, which reduced the principal balance to ~~€94~~€72 million as of June 30, ~~2018. Proceeds from the 2027 Notes and 2020 Term Loan were used to repay amounts drawn from the Senior Credit Facility to fund the Groeneveld acquisition.~~2019. Refer to Note 67 - Financing Arrangements to the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

At June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the Company was in full compliance with ~~the~~all applicable covenants ~~under~~on its outstanding debt, and the ~~Senior Credit Facility and its other debt agreements. The~~ Company expects to remain in full compliance with its debt covenants. However, the Company may need to limit its borrowings under the Senior Credit Facility or other facilities from time to time in order to remain in compliance. As of June 30, ~~2018~~2019, the Company could have borrowed the full amounts available under the Senior Credit Facility and Accounts Receivable Facility and still would have been in compliance with its debt covenants.

The Company expects cash from operations of approximately ~~$370~~$510 million in ~~2018,~~2019, an increase from ~~2017~~2018 of approximately ~~$133~~$178 million or ~~56%.~~53%, as the Company anticipates higher net income and lower working capital requirements. The Company expects capital expenditures ~~to be 3.0% to 3.5%~~ of ~~net sales~~approximately $150 million in ~~2018,~~2019, compared with ~~3.5% of net sales~~$113 million in ~~2017.~~2018.

Financing Obligations and Other Commitments:

During the first six months of ~~2018,~~2019, the Company made cash contributions of $7$6.9 million to its global defined benefit pension plans and $2$2.0 million to its other postretirement benefit plans. The Company currently expects to make contributions and payments related to its global defined benefit pension plans totaling approximately ~~$10~~$34 million in ~~2018.~~2019. Approximately $24 million of this total relates to the expected 2019 payout of deferred compensation to a former executive officer of the Company, which is expected to trigger a pension remeasurement during the third quarter of 2019. The Company also expects to make payments of approximately $5 million to its other postretirement benefit plans in ~~2018.~~2019. During July 2019, the Company announced changes to the medical plan offerings for certain of its postretirement benefit plans, effective January 1, 2020, which will impact the benefits provided to certain retirees. These plan amendments are expected to trigger a remeasurement during the third quarter of 2019. Excluding mark-to-market charges, the Company expects slightly lower pension and other post-retirement benefits expense. ~~Mark-to-market~~Pension and other post-retirement mark-to-market charges are not accounted for in the ~~2018~~2019 outlook because ~~the amount~~such amounts will not be known until ~~incurred.~~the fourth quarter of 2019, or on an interim basis where specific events trigger a remeasurement.

The Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements with unconsolidated entities or other persons.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates:

The Company's financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the ~~U.S.~~United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the periods presented. The Company reviews its critical accounting policies throughout the year. The Company has concluded that there have been no significant changes to its critical accounting policies or estimates, as described in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2017~~2018, during the six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 ~~other than the change in accounting principles described below.~~.

Effective January 1, 2018, the Company adopted the new revenue standard. Prior to the adoption of the new revenue standard, the Company generally recognized revenue when title passed to the customer. This occurred at the shipping point except for goods sold by certain foreign entities and certain exported goods, where title passed when the goods reached their destination. The Company also recognized a portion of its revenues on the percentage-of-completion method measured on the cost-to-cost basis.

Under the new revenue standard, the Company recognizes revenue when performance obligations are satisfied under the terms of a contract with the customer. Approximately 9% of 2018 net sales is recognized on an over-time basis because of the continuous transfer of control to the customer, with the remainder recognized as of a point in time when products are shipped from the Company's manufacturing facilities or at a later point in time when control of the products transfers to the customer. As a result of control transferring over time for these products and services, revenue is recognized based on progress towards completion of the performance obligation. The selection of the method to measure progress towards completion requires judgment and is based on the nature of the products or services to be provided. The Company has elected to use the cost-to-cost input measure of progress for its contracts because it best depicts the transfer of goods or services to the customer based on incurring costs on the contracts. Under the cost-to-cost measure of progress, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. Revenues are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred.

The amount of consideration that the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for its goods and services is not generally subject to significant variations. However, the Company does offer certain customers rebates, prompt payment discounts, end-user discounts, the right to return eligible products, and/or other forms of variable consideration. The Company estimates this variable consideration using the expected value amount, which is based on historical experience. The Company includes estimated amounts in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. The Company adjusts its estimate of revenue at the earlier of when the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive changes or when the consideration becomes fixed.

Other Matters

Foreign Currency:

Assets and liabilities of subsidiaries are translated at the rate of exchange in effect on the balance sheet date; income and expenses are translated at the average rates of exchange prevailing during the reporting period. Related translation adjustments are reflected as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive loss. Foreign currency gains and losses resulting from transactions, and the related hedging activity, are included in the Consolidated Statements of Income.

For the six months ended June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the Company recorded negative foreign currency translation adjustments of ~~$35~~$0.7 million that decreased shareholders' equity, compared with ~~positive~~negative foreign currency translation adjustments of ~~$30~~$35.3 million that ~~increased~~decreased shareholders' equity for the first six months ended June 30, ~~2017.~~2018. The foreign currency translation adjustments for the first six months ended June 30, ~~2018~~2019 were negatively impacted by the strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to other foreign currencies, including the ~~Indian Rupee, Brazilian Real~~Romanian Leu and ~~Chinese Yuan.~~Euro.

Foreign currency exchange gains and losses, net of hedging activity, resulting from transactions included in the Company's operating results for the ~~second~~ ~~quarter~~three months ended June 30, 2019 totaled $1.6 million of ~~2018 were~~net gains, compared with $0.2 million ~~compared with~~of net losses ~~of $1.0 million~~ during the ~~second~~ ~~quarter of 2017.~~three months ended June 30, 2018. Foreign currency exchange gains and losses, net of hedging activity, resulting from transactions included in the Company's operating results for the first six months of ~~2018 were~~2019 totaled $2.5 million of net gains, compared with $1.4 million ~~compared with~~of net losses ~~of $1.4 million~~ during the first six months of ~~2017.~~2018.

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements set forth in this Form 10-Q and in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2017~~2018 that are not historical in nature (including the Company's forecasts, beliefs and expectations) are “forward-looking” statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In particular, Management's Discussion and Analysis contains numerous forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements generally will be accompanied by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “outlook,” “intend,” “may,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project” or other similar words, phrases or expressions. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this Form 10-Q. The Company cautions readers that actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied in forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company due to a variety of factors, such as:

deterioration in world economic conditions, or in economic conditions in any of the geographic regions in which the Company or its customers or suppliers conduct business, including adverse effects from a global economic slowdown, terrorism or hostilities. This includes: political risks associated with the potential instability of governments and legal systems in countries in which the Company or its customers or suppliers conduct business, changes in currency valuations and recent world events that have increased the risks posed by international trade disputes, tariffs and sanctions;

the effects of fluctuations in customer demand on sales, product mix and prices in the industries in which the Company operates. This includes: the ability of the Company to respond to rapid changes in customer demand, the effects of customer or supplier bankruptcies or liquidations, the impact of changes in industrial business cycles and whether conditions of fair trade continue in the Company's markets;

competitive factors, including changes in market penetration, increasing price competition by existing or new foreign and domestic competitors, the introduction of new products by existing and new competitors and new technology that may impact the way the Company’s products are sold or distributed;

changes in operating costs. This includes: the effect of changes in the Company’s manufacturing processes; changes in costs associated with varying levels of operations and manufacturing capacity; availability and cost of raw materials and energy; changes in the expected costs associated with product warranty claims; changes resulting from inventory management and cost reduction initiatives; the effects of unplanned plant shutdowns; and changes in the cost of labor and benefits;

the success of the Company’s operating plans, announced programs, initiatives and capital investments; the ability to ~~complete previously announced transactions; the ability to~~ integrate acquired companies; and the ability of acquired companies to achieve satisfactory operating results, including results being accretive to earnings;

the Company’s ability to maintain appropriate relations with unions or works councils that represent Company associates in certain locations in order to avoid disruptions of business;

unanticipated litigation, claims, investigations or assessments. This includes: claims or problems related to intellectual property, product liability or warranty, environmental issues and taxes;

changes in worldwide financial and capital markets, including availability of financing and interest rates on satisfactory terms, which affect the Company’s cost of funds and/or ability to raise capital, as well as customer demand and the ability of customers to obtain financing to purchase the Company’s products or equipment that contain the Company’s products;

the Company's ability to satisfy its obligations under its debt agreements, as well as its ability to renew or refinance borrowings on favorable terms;

the impact on the Company's pension obligations and assets due to changes in interest rates, investment performance and other tactics designed to reduce risk;

~~the actual impact of U.S. Tax Reform on the full-year 2018 global effective tax rate;~~

~~retention of CDSOA distributions;~~ and

those items identified under Item 1A. Risk Factors in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2017.~~2018.

Additional risks relating to the Company's business, the industries in which the Company operates, or the Company's common shares may be described from time to time in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. All of these risk factors are difficult to predict, are subject to material uncertainties that may affect actual results and may be beyond the Company's control.

Readers are cautioned that it is not possible to predict or identify all of the risks, uncertainties and other factors that may affect future results and that the above list should not be considered to be a complete list. Except as required by the federal securities laws, the Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Refer to information appearing under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of this Form 10-Q. Furthermore, a discussion of market risk exposures is included in Part II, Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2017~~2018. There have been no material changes in reported market risk since the inclusion of this discussion in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K referenced above.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES


(a)	Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)). Based upon that evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report.


(b)	Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the Company’s most recent fiscal quarter, there have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

During the third quarter of 2018, the Company acquired ABC Bearings, Cone Drive and Rollon. The results of these acquisitions are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements for the first six months of 2019. The combined total assets of ABC Bearings, Cone Drive, and Rollon represent 23% and 46% of the Company’s total and net assets, respectively as of June 30, 2019. The combined net sales and net income of ABC Bearings, Cone Drive, and Rollon represented 8% of the Company’s consolidated net sales and 9% of the Company’s consolidated net income for the first six months of 2019. The Company is currently integrating these acquisitions into its internal control framework and processes, and as prescribed by U.S Securities and Exchange Commission rules and regulations, the Company will include ABC Bearings, Cone Drive, and Rollon in the internal control over financial reporting assessment as of December 31, 2019.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company is involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, the ultimate disposition of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2017,~~2018, included a detailed discussion of our risk factors. There have been no material changes to the risk factors included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2017.~~2018.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Issuer Purchases of Common Shares

The following table provides information about purchases by the Company of its common shares during the quarter ended June 30, ~~2018~~.2019.

Period
Total number
of shares
purchased ⁽¹⁾

Average
price paid
per share ⁽²⁾

Total number
of shares
purchased as
part of publicly
announced
plans or
programs

Maximum
number of
shares that
may yet
be purchased
under the plans
or programs ⁽³⁾

4/1/18 - 4/30/18 37,153
$ 44.40
36,928
8,533,369
5/1/18 - 5/31/18 381,492
48.02
375,979
8,157,390
6/1/18 - 6/30/18 156,148
46.20
155,000
8,002,390
Total 574,793
$ 47.29
567,907



Period	Total number of shares purchased ⁽¹⁾	Average price paid per share ⁽²⁾		Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs	Maximum number of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs ⁽³⁾
4/1/19 - 4/30/19	128	$	47.72	—	6,580,710
5/1/19 - 5/31/19	300,334	48.45		287,000	6,293,710
6/1/19 - 6/30/19	34,023	44.20		33,000	6,260,710
Total	334,485	$	48.02	320,000


(1)	Of the shares purchased in April, May and June, ~~225, 5,513~~128, 13,334, and ~~1,148,~~1,023, respectively, represent common shares of the Company that were owned and tendered by employees to exercise stock options and to satisfy withholding obligations in connection with the exercise of stock options or vesting of restricted shares.

(2)

For shares tendered in connection with the vesting of restricted shares, the average price paid per share is an average calculated using the daily high and low of the Company's common shares as quoted on the New York Stock Exchange at the time of vesting. For shares tendered in connection with the exercise of stock options, the price paid is the real-time trading stock price at the time the options are exercised.

(3)

On February 6, 2017, the Company announced that its Board of Directors approved a share purchase plan pursuant to which the Company may purchase up to ten million of its common shares in the aggregate. This share repurchase plan expires on February 28, 2021. The Company may purchase shares from time to time in open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions. The Company may make all or part of the purchases pursuant to accelerated share repurchases or Rule 10b5-1 plans.

Item 6. Exhibits



1210.1	~~Computation~~Severance Agreement with Andreas Roellgen, dated as of ~~Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges.~~July 18, 2016, is attached hereto as Exhibit 10.1.

31.1	Certification of Richard G. Kyle, President and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) of The Timken Company, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2	Certification of Philip D. Fracassa, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) of The Timken Company, pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32	Certifications of Richard G. Kyle, President and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer) and Philip D. Fracassa, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial officer) of The Timken Company, pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

101	Financial statements from the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of The Timken Company for the quarter ended June 30, ~~2018,~~2019, filed on July 31, ~~2018,~~2019, formatted in XBRL: (i) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.



		THE TIMKEN COMPANY
Date: July 31, ~~2018~~2019		By: /s/ Richard G. Kyle
		Richard G. Kyle President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

Date: July 31, ~~2018~~2019		By: /s/ Philip D. Fracassa
		Philip D. Fracassa Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

4947



	Previous Accounting Method		Effect of Accounting Change		As Reported
Net sales	$	899.0	$	7.3	$	906.3
Cost of products sold	634.5		4.4		638.9
Selling, general, and administrative expenses	141.3		0.5		141.8
Income before income taxes	119.7		2.4		122.1
Provision for income taxes	29.6		0.6		30.2
Net income	90.1		1.8		91.9
Net income attributable to The Timken Company	$	89.2	$	1.8	$	91.0
Basic earnings per share	$	1.16	$	0.02	$	1.18
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.14	$	0.02	$	1.16



	As Previously Reported		Effect of Accounting Change			As Adjusted
Cost of products sold	$	548.8	$	0.7		$	549.5
Selling, general, and administrative expenses	123.8		0.1			123.9
Operating income	77.2		(0.8		)	76.4
Other income, net	4.5		0.8			5.3



	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Fixed-rate Medium-Term Notes, Series A, maturing at various dates through May 2028, with interest rates ranging from 6.74% to 7.76%	$	154.6	$	154.5
Fixed-rate Senior Unsecured Notes, maturing on September 1, 2024, with an interest rate of 3.875%	347.3		346.9
Variable-rate Senior Credit Facility with a weighted-average interest rate of 2.26% at June 30, 2018 and 1.83% at December 31, 2017	94.6		52.0
Fixed-rate Euro Senior Unsecured Notes, maturing on September 7, 2027, with an interest rate of 2.02%	174.6		179.3
Variable-rate Euro Term Loan with an interest rate of 1.13% at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017	109.1		119.7
Other	3.9		4.5
	884.1		856.9
Less: Current maturities	2.7		2.7
Long-term debt	$	881.4	$	854.2



	Asset Derivatives				Liability Derivatives
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:	June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017		June 30, 2018		December 31, 2017
Foreign currency forward contracts	$	4.0	$	0.5	$	0.6	$	2.1

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign currency forward contracts	3.9		0.8		1.0		5.0
Total Derivatives	$	7.9	$	1.3	$	1.6	$	7.1

Title of each class

Trading Symbol

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Shares, without par value

The New York Stock Exchange