UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

 FORM 10-Q 

(Mark One) 
   
xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
   
For the quarterly period ended May 25, 2019
For the quarterly period ended May 26, 2018
 or 
   
oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
   
 For the transition period from _________________ to _________________ 
   
 
Commission File Number: 001-06403
 

wgologoa01.jpg
WINNEBAGO INDUSTRIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Iowa  42-0802678
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)  (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
    
P. O. Box 152, Forest City, Iowa  50436
(Address of principal executive offices)  (Zip Code)
      
 (641) 585-3535 
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.50 par value per shareWGONew York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web Site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerx
 
Accelerated filero
 
 Non-accelerated filero
Smaller reporting companyo
 
Emerging growth companyo
  

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x

The number of shares of common stock, par value $0.50 per share, outstanding on June 18, 201814, 2019 was 31,529,354.

31,618,011.

Winnebago Industries, Inc.
Table of Contents

 
 
 
 
 
   
   


Glossary


The following terms and abbreviations appear in the text of this report and are defined as follows:
ABLCredit Agreement dated as of November 8, 2016 and as amended on December 8, 2017 among Winnebago Industries, Inc., Winnebago of Indiana, LLC, Grand Design RV, LLC, the other loan parties thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as Administrative Agent
AOCIAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
ASCAccounting Standards Codification
ASPAverage Sales Price
ASUAccounting Standards Update
Blocker CorporationSP GE VIII - B GD RV Blocker Corporation
Credit AgreementCollective reference to the ABL and Term Loan
EBITDAEarnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortization
ERPEnterprise Resource Planning
FASBFinancial Accounting Standards Board
FIFOFirst In, First Out
GAAPGenerally Accepted Accounting Principles
Grand DesignGrand Design RV, LLC
IRSInternal Revenue Service
LIFOLast In, First Out
LIBORLondon Interbank Offered Rate
MotorizedBusiness segment including motorhomes and other related manufactured products
NYSENew York Stock Exchange
OCIOther Comprehensive Income
OctaviusOctavius Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Winnebago Industries, Inc.
RVRecreation Vehicle
RVIARecreation Vehicle Industry Association
SABStaff Accounting Bulletin
SECUS Securities and Exchange Commission
Securities Purchase AgreementPurchase Agreement dated as of November 8, 2016 between Winnebago Industries, Inc. and Grand Design RV, LLC
SERPSupplemental Executive Retirement Plan
SG&ASelling, General and Administrative Expenses
Stat SurveysStatistical Surveys, Inc.
Tax ActThe Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
Term LoanLoan Agreement dated as of November 8, 2016 and as amended on December 8, 2017 among Winnebago Industries, Inc., Octavius Corporation, the other loan parties thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as Administrative Agent
TowableBusiness segment including products that are not motorized and are towable by another vehicle
USUnited States of America
XBRLeXtensible Business Reporting Language



PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATIONINFORMATION.

Item 1. Condensed Consolidated Financial StatementsStatements.

Winnebago Industries, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income
(Unaudited)
 Three Months Ended Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(In thousands, except per share data) May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
 May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
(in thousands, except per share data)May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
 May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
Net revenues $562,261
 $476,364
 $1,480,641
 $1,092,183
$528,940
 $562,261
 $1,455,278
 $1,480,641
Cost of goods sold 476,747
 405,560
 1,264,635
 943,188
442,356
 476,747
 1,231,269
 1,264,635
Gross profit 85,514
 70,804
 216,006
 148,995
86,584
 85,514
 224,009
 216,006
SG&A:        
Selling 13,100
 10,141
 37,443
 25,564
General and administrative 21,404
 15,194
 57,088
 37,640
Postretirement health care benefit income 
 
 
 (24,796)
Transaction costs 800
 450
 850
 6,374
Selling, general, and administrative expenses35,332
 35,304
 106,303
 95,381
Amortization of intangible assets 1,933
 10,159
 5,921
 22,578
2,278
 1,933
 7,204
 5,921
Total SG&A 37,237
 35,944
 101,302
 67,360
Total operating expenses37,610
 37,237
 113,507
 101,302
Operating income 48,277
 34,860
 114,704
 81,635
48,974
 48,277
 110,502
 114,704
Interest expense 4,172
 5,265
 13,871
 11,571
4,446
 4,172
 13,293
 13,871
Non-operating income (100) (54) (212) (137)(360) (100) (1,330) (212)
Income before income taxes 44,205
 29,649
 101,045
 70,201
44,888
 44,205
 98,539
 101,045
Provision for income taxes 11,684
 10,258
 28,478
 23,794
8,717
 11,684
 18,609
 28,478
Net income $32,521
 $19,391
 $72,567
 $46,407
$36,171
 $32,521
 $79,930
 $72,567
               
Income per common share:               
Basic $1.03
 $0.61
 $2.30
 $1.53
$1.15
 $1.03
 $2.53
 $2.30
Diluted $1.02
 $0.61
 $2.28
 $1.52
$1.14
 $1.02
 $2.52
 $2.28
               
Weighted average common shares outstanding:               
Basic 31,582
 31,587
 31,617
 30,333
31,493
 31,582
 31,546
 31,617
Diluted 31,753
 31,691
 31,825
 30,448
31,644
 31,753
 31,722
 31,825
               
Dividends paid per common share $0.10
 $0.10
 $0.30
 $0.30
        
Net income $32,521
 $19,391
 $72,567
 $46,407
$36,171
 $32,521
 $79,930
 $72,567
Other comprehensive income (loss):               
Amortization of prior service credit
(net of tax of $0, $0, $0 and $15,409)
 
 
 
 (25,035)
Amortization of net actuarial loss
(net of tax of $3, $3, $9 and $5,971)
 7
 6
 20
 9,702
Plan amendment
(net of tax of $0, $0, $0 and $2,402)
 
 
 
 3,903
Change in fair value of interest rate swap
(net of tax of $42, $36, $877 and $306)
 129
 (58) 2,046
 (497)
Amortization of net actuarial loss (net of tax of $3, $3, $8, and $9)8
 7
 24
 20
Change in fair value of interest rate swap (net of tax of $114, $42, $327, and $877)(362) 129
 (1,018) 2,046
Total other comprehensive income (loss) 136
 (52) 2,066
 (11,927)(354) 136
 (994) 2,066
Comprehensive income $32,657
 $19,339
 $74,633
 $34,480
$35,817
 $32,657
 $78,936
 $74,633
See notesNotes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Winnebago Industries, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share data)May 26,
2018
 August 26,
2017
(in thousands, except per share data)May 25,
2019
 August 25,
2018
Assets      
Current assets:      
Cash and cash equivalents$39,029
 $35,945
$4,176
 $2,342
Receivables, less allowance for doubtful accounts ($172 and $183)148,948
 124,539
Inventories177,378
 142,265
Receivables, less allowance for doubtful accounts ($163 and $197, respectively)185,546
 164,585
Inventories, net190,883
 195,128
Prepaid expenses and other assets8,408
 11,388
10,480
 9,883
Total current assets373,763
 314,137
391,085
 371,938
Property, plant and equipment, net82,481
 71,560
Property, plant, and equipment, net121,977
 101,193
Other assets:      
Goodwill244,684
 242,728
275,657
 274,370
Other intangible assets, net222,519
 228,440
258,513
 265,717
Investment in life insurance28,130
 27,418
27,111
 28,297
Deferred income taxes7,043
 12,736
Other assets7,090
 5,493
8,860
 10,290
Total assets$965,710
 $902,512
$1,083,203
 $1,051,805
      
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity      
Current liabilities:      
Accounts payable$88,397
 $79,194
$84,304
 $81,039
Current maturities of long-term debt
 2,850
Income taxes payable6,186
 7,450

 15,655
Accrued expenses:      
Accrued compensation27,989
 24,546
27,288
 29,350
Product warranties37,444
 30,805
43,624
 40,498
Self-insurance9,571
 6,122
13,316
 12,262
Promotional6,523
 6,560
15,046
 11,017
Accrued interest3,177
 3,128
3,963
 3,095
Other11,119
 6,503
10,810
 11,269
Current maturities of long-term debt6,500
 
Total current liabilities190,406
 167,158
204,851
 204,185
Non-current liabilities:      
Long-term debt, less current maturities251,798
 271,726
253,071
 291,441
Deferred income taxes5,255
 4,457
Unrecognized tax benefits1,703
 1,606
3,501
 1,745
Deferred compensation benefits, net of current portion15,732
 19,270
13,161
 15,282
Other250
 1,078
371
 250
Total non-current liabilities269,483
 293,680
275,359
 313,175
Contingent liabilities and commitments (Note 11)   
Stockholders' equity:      
Capital stock common (par value $0.50;
authorized 60,000 shares, issued 51,776 shares)
25,888
 25,888
Preferred stock, par value $0.01: Authorized-10,000 shares; Issued-none
 
Common stock, par value $0.50: Authorized-60,000 shares; Issued-51,776 shares25,888
 25,888
Additional paid-in capital84,179
 80,401
89,896
 86,223
Retained earnings742,148
 679,138
838,506
 768,816
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)1,043
 (1,023)
Treasury stock, at cost (20,247 and 20,183 shares)(347,437) (342,730)
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income(102) 892
Treasury stock, at cost: 20,271 and 20,243 shares, respectively(351,195) (347,374)
Total stockholders' equity505,821
 441,674
602,993
 534,445
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$965,710
 $902,512
$1,083,203
 $1,051,805
See Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Winnebago Industries, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
 Nine Months Ended
(in thousands)May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
Operating activities:   
Net income$79,930
 $72,567
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Depreciation9,788
 6,679
Amortization of intangible assets7,204
 5,921
Amortization of debt issuance costs1,186
 1,222
Last in, first-out expense1,544
 1,238
Stock-based compensation5,735
 4,983
Deferred income taxes362
 4,807
Other, net1,265
 194
Change in assets and liabilities:   
Receivables(20,961) (24,595)
Inventories2,701
 (36,351)
Prepaid expenses and other assets(653) 3,320
Accounts payable3,954
 9,617
Income taxes and unrecognized tax benefits(13,898) (1,081)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities4,692
 12,491
Net cash provided by operating activities82,849
 61,012
    
Investing activities:   
Purchases of property and equipment(31,681) (18,123)
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired(702) 
Proceeds from the sale of property134
 316
Other, net1,752
 (83)
Net cash used in investing activities(30,497) (17,890)
    
Financing activities:   
Borrowings on credit agreement342,549
 19,700
Repayments of credit agreement(375,438) (43,700)
Payments of cash dividends(10,201) (9,557)
Payments for repurchases of common stock(7,724) (6,481)
Other, net296
 
Net cash used in financing activities(50,518) (40,038)
    
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents1,834
 3,084
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period2,342
 35,945
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$4,176
 $39,029
    
Supplement cash flow disclosure:   
Income taxes paid, net$33,852
 $24,833
Interest paid$10,335
 $11,935
Non-cash transactions:   
Capital expenditures in accounts payable$9
 $607
See notesNotes to condensed consolidated financial statements.Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Winnebago Industries, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity
(Unaudited)
 Three Months Ended May 25, 2019
(in thousands,
except per share data)
Common SharesAdditional Paid-In CapitalRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Treasury StockTotal Stockholders' Equity
NumberAmountNumberAmount
Balances at February 23, 201951,776
$25,888
$89,682
$805,851
$252
(20,292)$(351,007)$570,666
Stock-based compensation

1,118


1
12
1,130
Issuance of restricted stock

(904)

52
904

Repurchase of common stock




(32)(1,104)(1,104)
Common stock dividends; $0.11 per share


(3,516)


(3,516)
Actuarial loss, net of tax



8


8
Change in fair value of interest rate swap, net of tax



(362)

(362)
Net income


36,171



36,171
Balances at May 25, 201951,776
$25,888
$89,896
$838,506
$(102)(20,271)$(351,195)$602,993
         
 Nine Months Ended May 25, 2019
(in thousands,
except per share data)
Common SharesAdditional Paid-In CapitalRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Treasury StockTotal Stockholders' Equity
NumberAmountNumberAmount
Balances at August 25, 201851,776
$25,888
$86,223
$768,816
$892
(20,243)$(347,374)$534,445
Stock-based compensation

5,683


4
69
5,752
Issuance of restricted stock

(2,056)

208
3,584
1,528
Issuance of stock under ESPP

46


15
250
296
Repurchase of common stock




(255)(7,724)(7,724)
Common stock dividends; $0.32 per share


(10,240)


(10,240)
Actuarial loss, net of tax



24


24
Change in fair value of interest rate swap, net of tax



(1,018)

(1,018)
Net income


79,930



79,930
Balances at May 25, 201951,776
$25,888
$89,896
$838,506
$(102)(20,271)$(351,195)$602,993
         
 Three Months Ended May 26, 2018
(in thousands,
except per share data)
Common SharesAdditional Paid-In CapitalRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Treasury StockTotal Stockholders' Equity
NumberAmountNumberAmount
Balances at February 24, 201851,776
$25,888
$80,721
$712,809
$907
(20,117)$(342,516)$477,809
Stock-based compensation

3,515


2
25
3,540
Issuance of restricted stock

(57)

3
57

Repurchase of common stock




(135)(5,003)(5,003)
Common stock dividends; $0.10 per share


(3,182)


(3,182)
Actuarial loss, net of tax



7


7
Change in fair value of interest rate swap, net of tax



129


129
Net income


32,521



32,521
Balances at May 26, 201851,776
$25,888
$84,179
$742,148
$1,043
(20,247)$(347,437)$505,821

Winnebago Industries, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash FlowsChanges in Stockholders' Equity (continued)
(Unaudited)
 Nine Months Ended
(In thousands)May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
Operating activities:   
Net income$72,567
 $46,407
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
   
Depreciation6,679
 5,287
Amortization of intangible assets5,921
 22,578
Amortization of debt issuance costs1,222
 889
LIFO expense1,238
 897
Stock-based compensation4,983
 2,206
Deferred income taxes4,807
 6,396
Deferred compensation expense and postretirement benefit income852
 (23,687)
Other(658) (946)
Change in assets and liabilities:   
Inventories(36,351) (7,497)
Receivables, prepaid and other assets(21,275) (21,336)
Income taxes and unrecognized tax benefits(1,081) 5,806
Accounts payable and accrued expenses24,506
 32,778
Postretirement and deferred compensation benefits(2,398) (2,428)
Net cash provided by operating activities61,012
 67,350
    
Investing activities:   
Purchases of property and equipment(18,123) (9,740)
Proceeds from the sale of property316
 219
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired
 (394,694)
Other(83) 684
Net cash used in investing activities(17,890) (403,531)
    
Financing activities:   
Payments for repurchases of common stock(6,481) (1,367)
Payments of cash dividends(9,557) (9,554)
Payments of debt issuance costs
 (11,020)
Borrowings on credit agreement19,700
 366,400
Repayments of credit agreement(43,700) (69,400)
Other
 (92)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(40,038) 274,967
    
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents3,084
 (61,214)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period35,945
 85,583
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$39,029
 $24,369
    
Supplemental cash flow disclosure:   
Income taxes paid, net$24,833
 $11,811
Interest paid$11,935
 $7,288
Non-cash transactions:   
Issuance of Winnebago common stock for acquisition of business$
 $124,066
Capital expenditures in accounts payable$607
 $279
Accrued dividend$
 $3,184
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Winnebago Industries, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Stockholders' Statement of Equity
(Unaudited)
  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(In thousands) May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
 May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
Common stock and paid-in capital        
Balance, beginning of period $106,609
 $105,093
 $106,289
 $58,605
Issuance of common stock (57) (2) (1,625) 44,981
Stock-based compensation, net of forfeitures 3,515
 641
 5,403
 2,146
Balance, end of period 110,067
 105,732
 110,067
 105,732
    

    
Retained earnings        
Balance, beginning of period 712,809
 641,192
 679,138
 620,546
Net income 32,521
 19,391
 72,567
 46,407
Common stock dividends (3,182) (6,368) (9,557) (12,738)
Balance, end of period 742,148
 654,215
 742,148
 654,215
         
Accumulated comprehensive income (loss)        
Balance, beginning of period 907
 (900) (1,023) 10,975
Other comprehensive income (loss) 136
 (52) 2,066
 (11,927)
Balance, end of period 1,043
 (952) 1,043
 (952)
         
Treasury stock   

    
Balance, beginning of period (342,516) (342,770) (342,730) (421,767)
Issuance of common stock 57
 3
 1,712
 80,329
Stock-based compensation, net of forfeitures 25
 24
 62
 60
Payments for the purchase of common stock (5,003) (2) (6,481) (1,367)
Balance, end of period (347,437) (342,745) (347,437) (342,745)
Total stockholders' equity $505,821
 $416,250
 $505,821
 $416,250
 Nine Months Ended May 26, 2018
(in thousands,
except per share data)
Common SharesAdditional Paid-In CapitalRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Treasury StockTotal Stockholders' Equity
NumberAmountNumberAmount
Balances at August 26, 201751,776
$25,888
$80,401
$679,138
$(1,023)(20,183)$(342,730)$441,674
Stock-based compensation

5,403


4
62
5,465
Issuance of restricted stock

(1,625)

101
1,712
87
Repurchase of common stock




(169)(6,481)(6,481)
Common stock dividends; $0.30 per share


(9,557)


(9,557)
Actuarial loss, net of tax



20


20
Change in fair value of interest rate swap, net of tax



2,046


2,046
Net income


72,567



72,567
Balances at May 26, 201851,776
$25,888
$84,179
$742,148
$1,043
(20,247)$(347,437)$505,821

See notesNotes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Winnebago Industries, Inc.
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

Note 1: 1: Basis of Presentation
The "Company,
Unless the context otherwise requires, the use of the terms "Winnebago Industries," "WGO," "we," "us," and "our" and "us" are used interchangeablyin these Notes to referCondensed Consolidated Financial Statements refers to Winnebago Industries, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, as appropriate in the context.subsidiaries.

We were incorporated underIn the lawsopinion of the state of Iowa on February 12, 1958 and adopted our present name on February 28, 1961. Our primary offices are located at 605 West Crystal Lake Road in Forest City, Iowa. Our telephone number is (641) 585-3535; our website is www.winnebagoind.com. Our common stock trades on the NYSE under the symbol WGO.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with GAAP for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. As permitted under those rules, certain footnotes or other financial information that are normally required by GAAP can be condensed or omitted. In our opinion,management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statementsCondensed Consolidated Financial Statements contain all adjustments consisting of normal recurring accruals, necessary for a fair presentation as prescribed by GAAP.accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). All adjustments were comprised of normal recurring adjustments, except as noted in these Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

The consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the third quarter and first nine months of Fiscal 2018Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. TheseThe interim financial statementsCondensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearingConsolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 26, 2017.25, 2018.

Fiscal Period

We follow a 52-/53-week fiscal year, ending the last Saturday in August. BothFiscal 2019 is a 53-week year, while Fiscal 2018 andwas a 52-week year. The extra (53rd) week in Fiscal 2017 are 52-week years.2019 will be recognized in our fourth quarter.

Recently Adopted Accounting PronouncementsSubsequent Events

In March 2016,preparing the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (Topic 718), which simplifies several aspectsaccompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, we evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and disclosure through the date of the accounting for employee share-based payment transactions, including the accounting for the related income taxes, forfeitures, statutory tax withholding requirements and classification in the statement of cash flows. ASU 2016-09 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 (our Fiscal 2018), including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. We adopted this ASU in the interim quarterly reporting period ended November 25, 2017. Amendments requiring recognition of excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies in the statements of income and comprehensive income resulted in $0.6 million of excess tax benefits recorded as a reduction of income tax expense upon adoption for the three months ended November 25, 2017. The reduction in income tax expense also reduced the effective tax rate by 2.2% and added $0.02 to income per share for the quarter ended November 25, 2017. Amendments related to the presentation of excess tax benefits and employee taxes paid when an employer withholds shares to meet the minimum statutory withholding requirement required no change to the statement of cash flows.filing. There were no material impacts on the consolidated financial statements of the Company, which adopted a policy of accounting for forfeitures when they occur.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330),which requires inventory measured using any method other than LIFO or the retail inventory method to be subsequently measured at the lower of cost or net realizable value, rather than at the lower of cost or market. Under this ASU, subsequent measurement of inventory using the LIFO and retail inventory method is unchanged. ASU 2015-11 is effective prospectively for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 (our Fiscal 2018), including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. We adopted this ASU on August 27, 2017, and there was no material impact on our consolidated financial statements.events.

New Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which establishes a comprehensive new model for the recognition of revenue from contracts with customers. This model is based on the core principle that revenue should be recognized to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Entities have the option of using either retrospective transition or a modified approach in applying the new standard. The standard is effective for fiscal years, and the interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017 (our Fiscal 2019). Early adoption is permitted.

We have performed an evaluation that included a review of representative contracts with key customers and the performance obligations contained therein, as well as a review of our commercial terms and practices across each of our segments. Based on our preliminary review, we do not expect adoption to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements but further work to substantiate this preliminary conclusion is underway. We continue to assess the impact of the standard on our disclosures and our internal controls over financial reporting.


We plan to adopt this standard in the first quarter of our Fiscal 2019. Providing we ultimately conclude that the impacts of adoption are immaterial, we would expect to use the modified retrospective method. Under this method, we would recognize the cumulative effect of the changes in retained earnings at the date of adoption, but would not restate prior periods.

In February 2016, the FASBFinancial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASUAccounting Standard Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires an entity to recognize both assets and liabilities arising from financing and operating leases, along with additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures. The new standardThis ASU and the related amendments must be adopted on a modified retrospective basis for fiscal yearsto either each prior reporting period presented or as of the beginning after December 15, 2018 (ourof the period of adoption. Based on the effective dates, we expect to adopt the new guidance in the first quarter of Fiscal 2020),2020 using the modified retrospective basis as of the beginning of the period of adoption. We have established an implementation plan and have made progress on this plan including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. Wesurveying our businesses, assessing our lease population, and compiling information on our active leases. In addition, we are currently evaluating thedetermining needed changes to our policies, business processes, internal controls, and disclosures. Based on our analysis, we do not expect a material impact of adopting this ASU onto our consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (Topic 230), which provides guidance for eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice. ASU 2016-15 is effective retrospectively for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 (our Fiscal 2019), including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on our consolidated financial statements and do not expect adoption to have a material impact.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815), which improves the financial reporting of hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity's risk management activities in its financial statements. ASU 2017-12 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 (our Fiscal 2020), including interim periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluatingexpect to adopt the new guidance in the first quarter of Fiscal 2020, and we do not expect a material impact of adopting this ASU onto our consolidated financial statements.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220), which allows for a reclassification of stranded tax effects from the Tax Act from AOCI to retained earnings. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 (our Fiscal 2020). We are currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on our consolidated financial statements and do not expect adoption to have a material impact.

Subsequent Event
On June 4, 2018, we acquired 100% of the ownership interests of Chris-Craft, a privately-owned company based in Sarasota Florida.  Chris-Craft manufactures and sells premium quality boats in the recreational powerboat industry through an established global network of independent authorized dealers.

Note 2: Business Combination, Goodwill and Other Intangible AssetsRecently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

We acquired 100% of the ownership interests of Grand Design on November 8, 2016 in accordance with the Securities Purchase Agreement for an aggregate purchase price of $520.5 million, which was paid in cash and Winnebago shares as follows:
(In thousands, except shares and per share data) November 8,
2016
Cash $396,442
Winnebago shares: 4,586,555 at $27.05 per share 124,066
Total $520,508
The cash portion was funded from cash on hand and borrowings under our ABL and Term Loan agreements. The stock was valued using our closing share price on the date of closing.
The acquisition has been accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations, using the acquisition method of accounting. Under the acquisition method of accounting, the total purchase price was allocated to the tangible and intangible assets of Grand Design acquired, based on their fair values at the date of the acquisition. The purchase price allocation was finalized duringIn the first quarter of Fiscal 2018.2019, we adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which establishes a comprehensive five-step model for the recognition of revenue from contracts with customers. This model is based on the core principle that revenue should be recognized to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. We elected the modified retrospective method of adoption, which we applied to contracts not completed as of the initial date of adoption. Application of the transition requirements had no material impact on operations or beginning retained earnings. While certain control processes and procedures were updated for this adoption, the changes did not have a material impact on our internal control over financial reporting framework.


The final allocation of the purchase price to assets acquired and liabilities assumed was as follows:
(In thousands) November 8,
2016
Cash $1,748
Accounts receivable 32,834
Inventories 15,300
Prepaid expenses and other assets 3,037
Property, plant and equipment 8,998
Goodwill 243,456
Other intangible assets 253,100
Total assets acquired 558,473
   
Accounts payable 11,163
Accrued compensation 3,615
Product warranties 12,904
Promotional 3,976
Other 1,496
Deferred tax liabilities 4,811
Total liabilities assumed 37,965
Total purchase price $520,508

The acquisition of 100% of the ownership interests of Grand Design occurred in two steps: (1) direct purchase of 89.34% of Grand Design member interests and (2) simultaneous acquisition of the remaining 10.66% of Grand Design member interests via the purchase of 100% of the shares of Blocker Corporation, which held the remaining 10.66% of the Grand Design member interests.  We agreed to acquire Blocker Corporation as part of the Securities Purchase Agreement, and we did not receive a step-up in basis for 10.66% of the Grand Design assets.  As a result, we established certain deferred tax liabilities on the opening balance sheet that relate to Blocker Corporation.

The goodwill recognized is primarily attributable to the value of the workforce, reputation of founders, customer and dealer growth opportunities and expected synergies. Key areas of cost synergies include increased purchasing power for raw materials and supply chain consolidation. Goodwill is expected to be mostly deductible for tax purposes. As of May 26, 2018, goodwill increased $2.0 million as compared to the end of Fiscal 2017. The increase is due to the final purchase price adjustment made for taxesAlso in the first quarter of Fiscal 2018.2019, we retrospectively adopted ASU 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (Topic 230), which provides guidance for eight specific cash flow issues with the objective of reducing the existing diversity in practice. The adoption of this standard did not materially impact our statements of cash flows, and no cash flow reclassifications were required for the prior period.

The allocation of the purchase price to the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed resulted in the recognition of intangible assets with fair value on the closing date of November 8, 2016 and amortization accumulated from the closing date through May 26, 2018 as follows:
    May 26, 2018 August 26, 2017
(In thousands) 
Weighted
Average
Life-Years
 Cost 
Accumulated
Amortization
 Cost 
Accumulated
Amortization
Trade name Indefinite $148,000
 $
 $148,000
 $
Dealer network 12.0 80,500
 10,365
 80,500
 5,348
Backlog 0.5 18,000
 18,000
 18,000
 18,000
Non-compete agreements 4.0 4,600
 1,836
 4,600
 1,116
Leasehold interest-favorable 8.1 2,000
 380
 2,000
 196
Total   253,100
 $30,581
 253,100
 $24,660
Accumulated amortization   (30,581)   (24,660)  
Net book value of intangible assets   $222,519
   $228,440
  

We used the income approach to value certain intangible assets.  Under the income approach, an intangible asset’s fair value is equal to the present value of future economic benefits to be derived from ownership of the asset. We used the income approach known as the relief from royalty method to value the trade name. The relief from royalty method is based on the hypothetical royalty stream that would be received if we were to license the trade name and is based on expected revenues from such license. The fair

value of the dealer network was estimated using an income approach known as the cost to recreate/cost savings method. This method uses the replacement of the asset as an indicator of the fair value of the asset. The useful life of the intangible assets was determined considering the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the intangible assets adjusted as appropriate for the entity-specific factors, including legal, regulatory, contractual, competitive, economic or other factors that may limit the useful life of the intangible assets.
For the three months ended May 26, 2018 and May 27, 2017, amortization of intangible assets charged to operations was $1.9 million and $10.2 million, respectively. For the nine months ended May 26, 2018 and May 27, 2017, amortization of intangible assets charged to operations was $5.9 million and $22.6 million, respectively. The weighted average remaining amortization period for intangible assets as of May 26, 2018 was approximately 10.3 years. Remaining estimated aggregate annual amortization expense by fiscal year is as follows:
(In thousands) Amount
Remainder of 2018 $1,933
2019 7,733
2020 7,733
2021 7,733
2022 7,106
Thereafter 42,281
Within the Towable segment, the results of Grand Design's operations have been included in our consolidated financial statements from the close of the acquisition. The following table provides net revenues and operating income (which includes amortization expense) from the Grand Design business included in our consolidated results during the nine months ended May 26, 2018 and May 27, 2017 following the November 8, 2016 closing date:
  Nine Months Ended
(In thousands) May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
Net revenues $719,030
 $366,309
Operating income 91,452
 27,083

Unaudited pro forma information has been prepared as if the acquisition had taken place on August 30, 2015. The unaudited pro forma information is not necessarily indicative of the results that we would have achieved had the transaction actually taken place on August 30, 2015, and the unaudited pro forma information does not purport to be indicative of future financial operating results. The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial information does not reflect any operating efficiencies and cost savings that may be realized from the integration of the acquisition. Unaudited pro forma information is as follows:
  Nine Months Ended
(In thousands, except per share data) May 26,
2018
 
May 27, 2017(1)
Net revenues $1,480,641
 $1,187,849
Net income 72,675
 66,009
Income per share - basic 2.30
 2.09
Income per share - diluted 2.28
 2.08
(1)Net income and income per share include the increased benefit of $16.3 million, net of tax, associated with the termination of the postretirement health care plan in Fiscal 2017.

The unaudited pro forma data above includes the following significant non-recurring adjustments made to account for certain costs, which would have changed if the acquisition of Grand Design had been completed on August 30, 2015:
  Nine Months Ended
(In thousands) May 26,
2018
 
May 27, 2017(1)
Amortization of intangibles (1 year or less useful life) $(122) $(18,601)
Increase in amortization of intangibles 
 1,551
Expenses related to business combination (transaction costs) (50) (6,432)
Interest to reflect new debt structure 
 3,672
Taxes related to the adjustments to the pro forma data and to the income of Grand Design 64
 11,513
(1)Pro forma transaction costs include $0.1 million incurred by Grand Design prior to acquisition.

We incurred approximately $6.9 million of acquisition-related costs to date, of which $0.1 million and $6.4 million were expensed during the nine months ended May 26, 2018 and May 27, 2017, respectively.

Note 3:2: Business Segments

In the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2018, we revised our segment presentation. We report segment informationhave five operating segments: 1) Winnebago motorhomes, 2) Winnebago towables, 3) Grand Design towables, 4) Winnebago specialty vehicles, and 5) Chris-Craft marine. We evaluate performance based on the "management" approacheach operating segment's Adjusted EBITDA, as defined in ASC 280, Segment Reporting. The management approach designates the internal reporting used by management for making decisionsbelow, which excludes certain corporate administration expenses and assessing performance as the source of our reportable segments.non-operating income and expense.

We haveOur two reportable segments: (1) Motorized products and services and (2) Towable products and services. The Motorized segment includes allsegments include: 1) Motorhome (comprised of products that include a motorized chassis as well as other related manufactured products. Theproducts and services) and 2) Towable segment includes all(comprised of products thatwhich are not motorized and are generally towed by another vehicle.vehicle as well as other related manufactured products and services), which is an aggregation of the Winnebago towables and Grand Design towables operating segments.

We organize our business reporting on a product basis. EachThe Corporate / All Other category includes the Winnebago specialty vehicles and Chris-Craft marine operating segments as well as expenses related to certain corporate administration expenses for the oversight of the enterprise. These expenses include items such as corporate leadership and administration costs. Previously, these expenses were allocated to each operating segment.

Identifiable assets of the reportable segments exclude general corporate assets, which principally consist of cash and cash equivalents and certain deferred tax balances. The general corporate assets are included in the Corporate / All Other category.

Prior period segment information has been reclassified to conform to the current reportable segment presentation. The reclassifications included removing the corporate administration expenses from both the Motorhome and Towable reportable segments and removing Winnebago specialty vehicles from the Motorhome reportable segment, as we began to dedicate leadership and focus on these operations separately from our Winnebago motorhomes operations.

Our chief operating decision maker ("CODM") is managed separatelyour Chief Executive Officer. Our CODM relies on internal management reporting that analyzes consolidated results to better align to our customers, distribution partnersthe net earnings level and operating segment's Adjusted EBITDA. Our CODM has ultimate responsibility for enterprise decisions. Our CODM determines, in particular, resource allocation for, and monitors the performance of, the consolidated enterprise, the Motorhome segment, and the unique market dynamics of the product groups. We aggregate twoTowable segment. The operating segments into the Towable reporting segment based uponsegments' management have responsibility for operating decisions, allocating resources, and assessing performance within their similar products, customers, distribution methods, production processes and economic characteristics.respective segments. The accounting policies of both reportable segments are the same and are described in Note 1: 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 26, 2017.

Subsequent to the acquisition of Grand Design in Fiscal 2017, management re-evaluated the manner in which corporate expenses were allocated to the reportable segments. A new corporate allocation policy was adopted in the first quarter of Fiscal 2018 that identifies shared costs and allocates them to the operating segments based on a cost driver most appropriate for the type of cost being allocated. For example, certain costs were allocated based on the financial size of the operating segment, while other costs, where appropriate, were allocated based on the headcount in the operating segments since headcount was deemed the appropriate driver for those types of expenses. Prior year segment information has been restated to conform to the current reporting segment presentation. All corporate expenses were allocated to the operating segments. Assets presented by reportable segment exclude certain corporate assets that cannot reasonably be allocated to the reportable segments. These unallocated corporate assets include cash and deferred tax assets.25, 2018.

We evaluate the performance of our reportable segments based on Adjusted EBITDA after corporate allocations.EBITDA. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, and depreciation and amortization expense. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization expense, and other adjustments made in order to present comparable results from period to period. We have included this non-GAAP performance measure as a comparable measure to illustrate the effect of non-recurring transactions occurring during the quarter and improve comparability of our results from period to period.  We believe EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA provide meaningful supplemental information about our operating performance because each measure excludes amounts that we do not consider part of our core operating results when assessing our performance. Examples of items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA include the postretirement health care benefit income from terminating the planacquisition-related costs, restructuring expenses, and transaction costs related to our acquisition of Grand Design. These types of adjustments are also specified in the definition of certain measures required under the terms of our Credit Agreement.non-operating income.

Management uses these non-GAAP financial measures (a) to evaluate our historical and prospective financial performance and trends as well as its performance relative to competitors and peers; (b) to measure operational profitability on a consistent basis; (c) in presentations to the members of our board of directors to enable our board of directors to have the same measurement basis of operating performance as is used by management in its assessments of performance and in forecasting and budgeting for our company; (d) to evaluate potential acquisitions; and, (e) to ensure compliance with covenants and restricted activities under the terms of our Credit Agreement. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures are frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties to evaluate companies in our industry.

The following table shows information by reportingreportable segment:
 Three Months Ended Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(In thousands) May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
 May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
Net revenues        
Motorized $249,245
 $241,670
 $641,602
 $635,732
(in thousands)May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
 May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
Net Revenues       
Motorhome$160,239
 $244,870
 $506,229
 $632,148
Towable 313,016
 234,694
 839,039
 456,451
346,811
 313,016
 890,335
 839,039
Corporate / All Other21,890
 4,375
 58,714
 9,454
Consolidated $562,261
 $476,364
 $1,480,641
 $1,092,183
$528,940
 $562,261
 $1,455,278
 $1,480,641
               
Adjusted EBITDA               
Motorized $9,319
 $14,567
 $16,518
 $36,521
Motorhome$381
 $11,677
 $16,716
 $22,264
Towable 44,042
 32,761
 111,636
 54,557
57,172
 45,378
 121,638
 115,066
Corporate / All Other(1,679) (3,694) (9,539) (9,176)
Consolidated $53,361
 $47,328
 $128,154
 $91,078
$55,874
 $53,361
 $128,815
 $128,154
               
Capital expenditures        
Motorized $2,643
 $1,527
 $7,383
 $6,626
Capital Expenditures       
Motorhome$2,543
 $2,643
 $7,933
 $7,383
Towable 3,805
 1,275
 10,740
 3,114
4,810
 3,805
 21,335
 10,740
Corporate / All Other962
 
 2,413
 
Consolidated $6,448
 $2,802
 $18,123
 $9,740
$8,315
 $6,448
 $31,681
 $18,123
               
Total assets        
Motorized $301,667
 $275,673
 $301,667
 $275,673
(in thousands)    May 25,
2019
 August 25,
2018
Total Assets       
Motorhome    $336,334
 $322,048
Towable 613,162
 572,977
 613,162
 572,977
    637,371
 626,588
Unallocated corporate assets 50,881
 41,701
 50,881
 41,701
Corporate / All Other    109,498
 103,169
Consolidated $965,710
 $890,351
 $965,710
 $890,351
    $1,083,203
 $1,051,805

Reconciliation of net income to consolidated Adjusted EBITDA:
 Three Months Ended Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(In thousands) May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
 May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
(in thousands)May 25, 2019 May 26, 2018 May 25, 2019 May 26, 2018
Net income $32,521
 $19,391
 $72,567
 $46,407
$36,171
 $32,521
 $79,930
 $72,567
Interest expense 4,172
 5,265
 13,871
 11,571
4,446
 4,172
 13,293
 13,871
Provision for income taxes 11,684
 10,258
 28,478
 23,794
8,717
 11,684
 18,609
 28,478
Depreciation 2,351
 1,859
 6,679
 5,287
3,520
 2,351
 9,788
 6,679
Amortization of intangible assets 1,933
 10,159
 5,921
 22,578
2,278
 1,933
 7,204
 5,921
EBITDA 52,661
 46,932
 127,516
 109,637
55,132
 52,661
 128,824
 127,516
Postretirement health care benefit income 
 
 
 (24,796)
Transaction costs 800
 450
 850
 6,374
Acquisition-related costs
 800
 
 850
Restructuring expenses1,102
 
 1,321
 
Non-operating income (100) (54) (212) (137)(360) (100) (1,330) (212)
Adjusted EBITDA $53,361
 $47,328
 $128,154
 $91,078
$55,874
 $53,361
 $128,815
 $128,154


Note 43: Concentration RiskRevenue

DuringThe following table disaggregates revenue by reportable segment and product category:
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(in thousands)May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
 May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
Net Revenues       
Motorhome:       
Class A$45,138
 $80,093
 $148,816
 $241,680
Class B41,363
 49,715
 162,343
 112,292
Class C67,674
 109,092
 176,059
 258,552
Other(1)
6,064
 5,970
 19,011
 19,624
Total Motorhome160,239
 244,870
 506,229
 632,148
Towable:       
Fifth Wheel201,561
 179,046
 519,093
 474,075
Travel Trailer140,709
 130,286
 358,497
 355,681
Other(1)
4,541
 3,684
 12,745
 9,283
Total Towable346,811
 313,016
 890,335
 839,039
Corporate / All Other:       
Other(2)
21,890
 4,375
 58,714
 9,454
Total Corporate / All Other21,890
 4,375
 58,714
 9,454
Consolidated$528,940
 $562,261
 $1,455,278
 $1,480,641
(1)Relates to parts, accessories, and services.
(2)Relates to marine and specialty vehicle units, parts, accessories, and services.

We generate all of our operating revenue from contracts with customers. Our primary source of revenue is generated through the sale of manufactured motorized units, non-motorized towable units, and marine units to our independent dealer network (our customers). We also generate income through the sale of certain parts and services, acting as the principal in these arrangements. We apply the new revenue standard requirements to a portfolio of contracts (or performance obligations) with similar characteristics for transactions where it is expected that the effects on the financial statements of applying the revenue recognition guidance to the portfolio would not differ materially from applying this guidance to the individual contracts (or performance obligations) within that portfolio. Revenue is recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the transaction price consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those goods or services. Control refers to the ability of the customer to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of, the remaining benefits from the goods or services. Our transaction price consideration is fixed, unless otherwise disclosed below as variable consideration. We made an accounting policy election so that our revenue excludes sales and usage-based taxes collected.

Unit revenue

Unit revenue is recognized at a point-in-time when control passes, which generally occurs when the unit is shipped to or picked-up from our manufacturing facilities by the customer, which is consistent with our past practice. Our payment terms are typically before or on delivery, and do not include a significant financing component. The amount of consideration received and recorded to revenue varies with changes in marketing incentives and offers to our customers. These marketing incentives and offers to our customers are considered variable consideration. We adjust the estimate of revenue at the earlier of when the most likely amount of consideration we expect to receive changes or when the consideration becomes fixed.

Our contracts include some incidental items that are immaterial in the context of the contract. We have made an accounting policy election to not assess whether promised goods or services are performance obligations if they are immaterial in the context of the contract with the customer. We have made an accounting policy to account for any shipping and handling costs that occur after the transfer of control as a fulfillment cost that is accrued when control is transferred. Warranty obligations associated with the sale of a unit are assurance-type warranties that are a guarantee of the unit’s intended functionality and, therefore, do not represent a distinct performance obligation within the context of the contract. Contract costs incurred related to the sale of manufactured units are expensed at the point-in-time when the related revenue is recognized.

We do not have material contract assets or liabilities. We establish allowances for uncollectible receivables based on historical collection trends and write-off history.


Concentration of Risk

None of our dealer organizations accounted for more than 10% of our net revenue for the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 or for the third quarter of Fiscal 2018. In addition, none of our dealer organizations accounted for more than 10% of our net revenue for the first nine months of Fiscal 2018, no dealer organization accounted for 10%2019 or more of our consolidated revenues. During the first nine months of Fiscal 2017, La Mesa RV Center, Inc. accounted for 10.9% of our consolidated net revenue and FreedomRoads, LLC accounted for 10.6% of our consolidated net revenues. These dealers declined on a relative basis due to the growth of other dealers and a shift in dealer mix attributable to the addition of Grand Design revenue.2018.

Note 54: Derivatives, Investments, and Fair Value Measurements
Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

We account for fair value measurements in accordance with ASCAccounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosureswhich defines fair value, establishes a framework for measurement, and expands disclosure about fair value measurement. The fair value

hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available. In instances in which the inputs used to measure fair value fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the fair value measurement has been determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Our assessment of the significance of a particular item to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, including the consideration of inputs specific to the asset or liability.

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy contains three levels as follows:

Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices that are available in active markets for the identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

Level 2 - Other observable inputs available at the measurement date, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, either directly or indirectly, including:
Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;
Quoted prices for identical or similar assets in nonactive markets;
Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; and
Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by other observable market data.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that cannot be corroborated by observable market data and reflect the use of significant management judgment. These values are generally determined using pricing models for which the assumptions utilize management’s estimates of market participant assumptions.

The following tables set forth by level within the fair value hierarchy our financial assets and liabilities that were accounted for at fair value on a recurring basis at May 26,25, 2019 and August 25, 2018 and August 26, 2017 according to the valuation techniques we used to determine their fair values:
    
Fair Value Measurements
Using Inputs Considered As
(In thousands) Fair Value at
May 26,
2018
 Level 1 Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets 
Level 2 Significant Other
Observable Inputs
 
Level 3 Significant
Unobservable Inputs
Assets that fund deferred compensation:        
Domestic equity funds $1,474
 $1,436
 $38
 $
International equity funds 161
 142
 19
 
Fixed income funds 150
 66
 84
 
Interest rate swap contract 2,095
 
 2,095
 
Total assets at fair value $3,880
 $1,644
 $2,236
 $
   
Fair Value Measurements
Using Inputs Considered As
Fair Value at Fair Value Hierarchy
(In thousands) Fair Value at
August 26,
2017
 Level 1 Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets 
Level 2 Significant Other
Observable Inputs
 
Level 3 Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(in thousands)May 25,
2019
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets that fund deferred compensation:               
Domestic equity funds $1,708
 $1,671
 $37
 $
$439
 $357
 $82
 $
International equity funds 174
 157
 17
 
108
 52
 56
 
Fixed income funds 259
 170
 89
 
155
 22
 133
 
Interest rate swap contract (828) 
 (828) 
614
 
 614
 
Total assets (liabilities) at fair value $1,313
 $1,998
 $(685) $
Total assets at fair value$1,316
 $431
 $885
 $
 Fair Value at Fair Value Hierarchy
(in thousands)August 25,
2018
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Assets that fund deferred compensation:       
Domestic equity funds$1,143
 $1,114
 $29
 $
International equity funds139
 120
 19
 
Fixed income funds223
 132
 91
 
Interest rate swap contract1,959
 
 1,959
 
Total assets at fair value$3,464
 $1,366
 $2,098
 $


The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument:
Assets that fund deferred compensation

Our assets that fund deferred compensation are marketable equity securities measured at fair value using quoted market prices and primarily consist of equity-based mutual funds. The majority ofThese securities are primarily classified as Level 1 as they are traded in an active market for which closing stock prices are readily available. These securities fund the Executive Share Option Plan and the Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (seePlan. Refer to Note 10, Note 10Employee and Retiree Benefits). , of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 25, 2018 for additional information regarding these plans.

The proportion of the assets that will fund options thatwhich expire within a year are included in prepaidPrepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The remaining assets are classified as non-current and are included in otherOther assets.

Interest Rate Swap Contract
Under terms of our Credit Agreement (see Note 9), we were previously required to hedge a portion of the floating interest rate exposure. In accordance with that requirement, on
On January 23, 2017, we entered into an interest rate swap contract, which effectively fixed our interest rate foron our $300.0 million term loan agreement ("Term LoanLoan") for a notional amount that reduces each December during the swap contract. As of May 26,25, 2019, we had $120.0 million of our Term Loan fixed at an interest rate of 5.32%. As of August 25, 2018, we had $170.0 million of our Term Loan fixed at an interest rate of 5.32%. As of August 26, 2017, we had $200.0 million of our Term Loan fixed at an interest rate of 6.32%.The swap contract expires on December 8, 2020.

The fair value of the interest rate swap based on a Level 2 valuation was an asset of $2.1 million as of May 26, 2018. The fair value is classified as Level 2 as it is corroborateddetermined based on observable market data. This amountThe asset is classified as non-current and included in otherOther assets on the consolidated balance sheets.Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The change in value in the third quarter was predominatelyis recorded to accumulatedAccumulated other comprehensive (loss) income on the consolidated balance sheetsCondensed Consolidated Balance Sheets since the interest rate swap has been designated for hedge accounting.


Assets and Liabilities that are measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurringNonrecurring Basis

Our non-financial assets, which include goodwill, intangible assets, and property, plant and equipment, are not required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. However, if certain triggering events occur, or if an annual impairment test is required, we must evaluate the non-financial asset for impairment. If an impairment did occur,has occurred, the asset is required to be recorded at the estimated fair value. During the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 and Fiscal 2017, noNo impairments were recorded for non-financial assets.assets in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 or the third quarter of Fiscal 2018.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Our financial instruments, other than those presented in the disclosures above, include cash, receivables, accounts payable, other payables, and long-term debt. The fair values of cash, receivables, accounts payable, and other payables approximated carrying values because of the short-term nature of these instruments. If these instruments were measured at fair value in the financial statements, they would be classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. See Note 9, Long-Term Debt, for information about the fair value of our debt as of May 26, 2018 approximates fair value as interest is at variable market rates.long-term debt.

Note 6: 5: Inventories

Inventories consist of the following:
Inventories
(in thousands)May 25,
2019
 August 25,
2018
Finished goods$42,876
 $26,513
Work-in-process93,949
 68,339
Raw materials94,365
 139,039
Total231,190
 233,891
Less last-in, first-out ("LIFO") reserve40,307
 38,763
Inventories, net$190,883
 $195,128


Inventory valuation methods consist of the following:
(In thousands) May 26,
2018
 August 26,
2017
Finished goods $34,954
 $16,947
Work-in-process 60,206
 60,818
Raw materials 118,875
 99,919
Total 214,035
 177,684
LIFO reserve (36,657) (35,419)
Total inventories $177,378
 $142,265
(in thousands)May 25,
2019
 August 25,
2018
LIFO basis$184,516
 $176,215
First-in, first-out basis46,674
 57,676
Total$231,190
 $233,891

The above value of inventories, before reduction for the LIFO reserve, approximates replacement cost at the respective dates. Of the $214.0 million and $177.7 million inventory at May 26, 2018 and August 26, 2017, respectively, $179.1 million and $149.8 million is valued on a LIFO basis. The remaining inventories of $34.9 million and $27.9 million at May 26, 2018 and August 26, 2017, respectively, are valued on a FIFO basis.

Note 7: 6: Property, Plant, and Equipment
Property, plant, and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and consists of the following:
(In thousands) May 26,
2018
 August 26,
2017
(in thousands)May 25,
2019
 August 25,
2018
Land $4,647
 $3,914
$8,686
 $6,747
Buildings and building improvements 82,780
 73,831
112,898
 94,622
Machinery and equipment 101,525
 99,952
108,585
 105,663
Software 22,078
 17,844
28,152
 23,388
Transportation 8,543
 8,993
3,837
 8,837
Total property, plant and equipment, gross 219,573
 204,534
Property, plant, and equipment, gross262,158
 239,257
Less accumulated depreciation (137,092) (132,974)140,181
 138,064
Total property, plant and equipment, net $82,481
 $71,560
Property, plant, and equipment, net$121,977
 $101,193

Depreciation expense was $3.5 million and $2.4 million during the third quarters of Fiscal 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $9.8 million and $6.7 million during the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Note 87: Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment were as follows for the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 and 2018, of which there are no accumulated impairment losses:
(in thousands)Towable Corporate / All Other Total
Balances at August 26, 2017$242,728
 $
 $242,728
Grand Design purchase price adjustment(1)
1,956
 
 1,956
Balances at May 26, 2018$244,684
 $
 $244,684
      
Balances at August 25, 2018$244,684
 $29,686
 $274,370
Chris-Craft purchase price adjustment(2)

 1,287
 1,287
Balances at May 25, 2019$244,684
 $30,973
 $275,657
(1)
Refer to Note 2, Business Combinations, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 25, 2018 for additional information.
(2)
Purchase price adjustments of $0.7 million made for a working capital payment made in the first quarter of Fiscal 2019 and of $0.6 million for an adjustment to taxes recorded in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019. For additional information related to the acquisition of Chris-Craft USA, Inc., refer to Note 2, Business Combinations, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 25, 2018.


Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization, consist of the following:
   May 25, 2019 August 25, 2018
(in thousands)Weighted Average Life-Years Cost Accumulated Amortization Cost Accumulated Amortization
Trade namesIndefinite $177,250
   $177,250
  
Dealer networks12.2 95,581
 $18,216
 95,581
 $12,328
Backlog0.5 19,527
 19,527
 19,527
 19,135
Non-compete agreements4.1 5,347
 2,824
 5,347
 2,084
Leasehold interest-favorable8.1 2,000
 625
 2,000
 441
Other intangible assets, gross  299,705
 41,192
 299,705
 33,988
Less accumulated amortization  41,192
   33,988
  
Other intangible assets, net  $258,513
   $265,717
  

The weig: hted average remaining amortization period for intangible assets as of May 25, 2019 was approximately 11 years.

Remaining estimated aggregate annual amortization expense by fiscal year is as follows:
(in thousands)Amount
Fiscal 2019$2,283
Fiscal 20209,032
Fiscal 20219,032
Fiscal 20228,405
Fiscal 20238,197
Thereafter44,314
Total amortization expense remaining$81,263

Note 8: Warranty

We provide certain service and warranty on our products. From time to time, we also voluntarily incur costs for certain warranty-type expenses occurring after the normal warranty period to help protect the reputation of our products and the goodwill of our customers. Warranty expense is affected by dealership labor rates, the cost of parts and the frequency of claims.  Estimated costs related to product warranty are accrued at the time of sale and are based upon historical warranty and service claims experience. Adjustments are made to accruals as claim data and cost experience becomes available.

In addition to the costs associated with the contractual warranty coverage provided on our products, we also occasionally incur costs as a result of additional service actions not covered by our warranties, including product recalls and customer satisfaction actions. Although we estimate and reserve for the cost of these service actions, there can be no assurance that expense levels will remain at current levels or such reserves will continue to be adequate.

Changes in our product warranty liability are as follows:
 Three Months Ended Nine Months EndedThree Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(In thousands) May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
 May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
(in thousands)May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
 May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
Balance at beginning of period $34,988
 $25,030
 $30,805
 $12,412
$40,305
 $34,988
 $40,498
 $30,805
Provision 11,645
 10,202
 31,881
 21,832
14,139
 11,645
 34,090
 31,881
Claims paid (9,189) (7,176) (25,242) (19,092)(10,820) (9,189) (30,964) (25,242)
Acquisition of Grand Design 
 
 
 12,904
Balance at end of period $37,444
 $28,056
 $37,444
 $28,056
$43,624
 $37,444
 $43,624
 $37,444

Note 9: Long-Term Debt

The components of long-term debt are as follows:
(In thousands) May 26,
2018
 August 26,
2017
ABL $
 $
Term Loan 260,000
 284,000
Gross long-term debt, excluding issuance costs 260,000
 284,000
Less: debt issuance cost, net (8,202) (9,424)
Long-term debt, net of issuance costs 251,798
 274,576
Less: current maturities 
 (2,850)
Long-term debt, less current maturities $251,798
 $271,726

On November 8, 2016, we entered into a $125.0 million ABLcredit facility ("ABL") and a $300.0 million Term Loan with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. ("Credit Agreement"). On December 8, 2017, we amended our Credit Agreement, which decreased the interest rate spread by 1.0% on the Term Loan and 0.25% on the ABL. Prior to this amendment, $19.7 million was drawn onAs of September 21, 2018, the amount that may be borrowed under the ABL and usedwas increased to make a voluntary prepayment on our Term Loan.$165.0 million.
Under the ABL, we have a five-year credit facility on a revolving basis, subject to availability under a borrowing base consisting of eligible accounts receivable and eligible inventory. The ABL is available for issuance of letters of credit to a specified limit of $10.0 million. We pay a commitment fee in the range of 0.25% - 0.375% on the amount of facility available, but unused. We can elect to base the interest rate on various base rates plus specific spreads depending on the amount of borrowings outstanding. We currently pay interest on ABL borrowings at a floating rate based upon LIBOR plus 1.25%.
Under the Term Loan, we can elect to base the interest rate on various base rates plus specific spreads. The interest rate as of May 26, 2018 was based on LIBOR plus 3.5%. The Term Loan agreement currently requires quarterly payments in the amount of $3.75 million with all amounts then outstanding due on November 8, 2023. We have made voluntary prepayments that have extended the opportunity to defer quarterly payments, at our option, until December 31, 2019. There are mandatory prepayments for proceeds of new debt, sale of significant assets or subsidiaries, and excess cash flow as those terms are defined in the Term Loan. Incremental term loans of up to $125.0 million are available if certain financial ratios and other conditions are met.
The Credit Agreement contains certain financial covenants. As of May 26, 2018,25, 2019, we are in compliance with all financial covenants of the Credit Agreement.

The ABL and Term Loancomponents of long-term debt are guaranteed by Winnebago Industries, Inc. and all material direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries, and are secured by a security interest in substantially allas follows:
(in thousands)May 25,
2019
 August 25,
2018
ABL$5,643
 $38,532
Term Loan260,000
 260,000
Long-term debt, excluding debt issuance costs265,643
 298,532
Debt issuance cost, net(6,072) (7,091)
Long-term debt259,571
 291,441
Less current maturities6,500
 
Long-term debt, less current maturities$253,071
 $291,441

As of our assets, except minor excluded assets.
UnamortizedMay 25, 2019, the fair value of long-term debt, excluding debt issuance costs, was $264.3 million. As of $0.6 million related toAugust 25, 2018, the voluntary prepayment onfair value of long-term debt, excluding debt issuance costs, approximated the Term Loan was expensed in the nine months ended May 26, 2018.carrying value.

Aggregate contractual maturities of debt in future fiscal years are as follows as of May 26, 2018:follows:
(In thousands) Amount
2018 $
2019 
2020 10,250
2021 15,000
2022 15,000
Thereafter 219,750
Total debt $260,000
(in thousands)Amount
Fiscal 2019$
Fiscal 202010,250
Fiscal 202115,000
Fiscal 202215,000
Fiscal 2023219,750
Total Term Loan$260,000

Note 10: Employee and Retiree Benefits

Deferred compensation liabilities are as follows:
(In thousands) May 26,
2018
 August 26,
2017
Non-qualified deferred compensation $15,244
 $16,476
Executive share option plan liability 1,256
 1,498
SERP benefit liability 2,293
 2,534
Executive deferred compensation 422
 447
Officer stock-based compensation 1,096
 1,664
Total deferred compensation 20,311
 22,619
Less current portion (4,579) (3,349)
Long-term deferred compensation $15,732
 $19,270
(in thousands)May 25,
2019
 August 25,
2018
Non-qualified deferred compensation$13,459
 $14,831
Supplemental executive retirement plan2,056
 2,309
Executive share option plan129
 935
Executive deferred compensation plan590
 421
Officer stock-based compensation
 1,528
Deferred compensation benefits16,234
 20,024
Less current portion(1)
3,073
 4,742
Deferred compensation benefits, net of current portion$13,161
 $15,282

Postretirement Health Care Benefits
Historically, we provided certain health care and other benefits for retired employees hired before April 1, 2001, who had fulfilled eligibility requirements at age 55 with 15 years of continuous service. During the first quarter of Fiscal 2017, we announced the termination of the remaining postretirement health care benefits to all participants. As of January 1, 2017, postretirement health care benefits were discontinued.

Net periodic postretirement benefit income consisted of the following components:
  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(In thousands) May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
 May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
Interest cost $
 $
 $
 $29
Service cost 
 
 
 16
Amortization of prior service benefit 
 
 
 (40,444)
Amortization of net actuarial loss 
 
 
 15,648
Net periodic postretirement benefit income $
 $
 $
 $(24,751)
         
Payments for postretirement health care $
 $
 $
 $68
Note 11: Shareholders' Equity
Stock-Based Compensation
We have a 2014 Omnibus Equity, Performance Award, and Incentive Compensation Plan (as amended, the "Plan")(1) Included in place as approved by shareholders, which allows us to grant or issue non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, share awards, and other equityAccrued compensation to key employees and to non-employee directors.
On October 18, 2017 and October 11, 2016, the Human Resources Committee of the Board of Directors granted an aggregate of 62,660 and 97,600 shares, respectively, of restricted common stock to our key employees and non-employee directors under the Plan. The value of each restricted stock award is determined using the intrinsic value method, which, in this case, is based on the number of shares granted and the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant.

Stock-based compensation expense was $1.4 million and $0.7 million during the third quarters of Fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense was $5.0 million and $2.2 million during the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 and 2017, respectively. Compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period of the award.
Dividends
On October 18, 2017, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.10 per share of common stock, which was paid on November 29, 2017 to shareholders of record at the close of business on November 15, 2017.

On December 13, 2017, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.10 per share of common stock, which was paid on January 24, 2018 to shareholders of record at the close of business on January 10, 2018.

On March 14, 2018, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.10 per share of common stock, which was paid on April 25, 2018 to shareholders of record at the close of business on April 11, 2018.

On May 23, 2018, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.10 per share of common stock, payable on July 5, 2018 to shareholders of record at the close of business on June 20, 2018.

Share Registration
As a result of the acquisition of Grand Design, we agreed to register the 4,586,555 shares of common stock issued to the Summit Sellers and the RDB Sellers pursuant to the terms of a registration rights agreement. Under the registration rights agreement, we filed a shelf registration statement on January 20, 2017 to register these shares for resale. On April 11, 2017, pursuant to an underwriting agreement dated as of April 5, 2017, by and among the Company, the Summit Sellers and Morgan Stanley & Co., LLC, the Summit Sellers sold 2,293,277 shares of common stock in an underwritten block trade.Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Note 12: 11: Contingent Liabilities and Commitments
Repurchase Commitments

Generally, manufacturers in the RV industryour industries enter into repurchase agreements with lending institutions thatwhich have provided wholesale floorplan financing to dealers. Most dealers' RVsdealers are financed on a "floorplan" basis under which a bank or finance company lends the dealer all, or substantially all, of the purchase price, collateralized by a security interest in the RVsunits purchased.

Our repurchase agreements generally provide that, in the event of default by the dealer on the agreement to pay the lending institution, we will repurchase the financed merchandise. The terms of these agreements, which generally can last up to 1824 months, provide that our liability will be the lesser of remaining principal owed by the dealer to the lending institution, or dealer invoice less periodic reductions based on the time since the date of the original invoice. Our liability cannot exceed 100% of the dealer invoice. In certain instances, we also repurchase inventory from our dealers due to state law or regulatory requirements that

govern voluntary or involuntary relationship terminations. Although laws vary from state to state, some states have laws in place that require manufacturers of RVsrecreational vehicles or boats to repurchase current inventory if a dealership exits the business. Our total contingent liability on all repurchase agreements was approximately $920.1 million$1.0 billion and $713.1$879.0 million at May 26, 201825, 2019 and August 26, 2017, respectively, with25, 2018, respectively.

Repurchased sales are not recorded as a revenue transaction, but the increase attributed primarily duenet difference between the original repurchase price and the resale price are recorded against the loss reserve, which is a deduction from gross revenue. Our loss reserve for repurchase commitments contains uncertainties because the calculation requires management to growth in the Towable segment.
make assumptions and apply judgment regarding a number of factors. Our risk of loss related to these repurchase commitments is significantly reduced by the potential resale value of any products that are subject to repurchase and is spread over numerous dealers and lenders. The aggregate contingent liability related to our repurchase agreements represents all financed dealer inventory at the period reporting date subject to a repurchase agreement, net of the greater of periodic reductions per the agreement or dealer principal payments. Based on thethese repurchase exposure as previously describedagreements and our historical loss experience, we establishedestablish an associated loss reserve.reserve which is included in Accrued expenses: Other on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our accrued losses on repurchases were $1.0$0.9 million as ofand $0.9 million at May 26,25, 2019 and August 25, 2018, and $0.7 million as of August 26, 2017 and are included in accrued expenses - other on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.respectively. Repurchase risk is affected by the credit worthiness of our dealer network, and we do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions used to establish the loss reserve for repurchase commitments.

There was no material activity related to repurchase agreements during the three and nine months ended May 26, 201825, 2019 and May 27, 2017.26, 2018.

Litigation

We are involved in various legal proceedings thatwhich are ordinary and routine litigation incidental to our business, some of which are covered in whole or in part by insurance. While we believe the ultimate disposition of litigation will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity, there exists the possibility that such litigation may have an impact on our results for a particular reporting period in which litigation effects become probable and reasonably estimable. Though we do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change related to these matters, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties and management’s view of these matters may change in the future.  

Note 12: Stock-Based Compensation

On December 11, 2018, our shareholders approved the Winnebago Industries, Inc. 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan ("2019 Plan") as detailed in our Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. The 2019 Plan allows us to grant or issue non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, share awards, and other equity compensation to key employees and to non-employee directors. The 2019 Plan replaces our 2014 Omnibus Equity, Performance Award, and Incentive Compensation Plan (as amended, the "2014 Plan").

The number of shares of our Common Stock that may be the subject of awards and issued under the 2019 Plan is 4.1 million, plus the shares subject to any awards outstanding under the 2014 Plan and our predecessor plan, the 2004 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2004 Plan”), on December 11, 2018 that subsequently expire, are forfeited or canceled, or are settled for cash. Until such time, however, awards under the 2014 Plan and the 2004 Plan, respectively, that are outstanding on December 11, 2018 will continue to be subject to the terms of the 2014 Plan or 2004 Plan, as applicable. Shares remaining available for future awards under the 2014 Plan were not carried over into the 2019 Plan.

Beginning with our annual grant of restricted stock units in October 2018, we attach dividend equivalents to our restricted stock units equal to dividends payable on the same number of shares of WGO common stock during the applicable period. Dividend equivalents, settled in cash, accrue on restricted stock unit awards during the vesting period. No dividend equivalents are paid on any restricted stock units that are forfeited prior to the vesting date.

Stock-based compensation expense was $1.1 million and $1.4 million during the third quarters of Fiscal 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $5.7 million and $5.0 million during the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 and 2018, respectively. Compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period of the award.


Note 13: Restructuring

On February 4, 2019, we announced our intent to move our diesel production from Junction City, OR to Forest City, IA to enable more effective product development and improve our cost structure. The following table details the restructuring charges incurred:

 Motorhome
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(in thousands)May 25, 2019 May 25, 2019
Cost of goods sold$1,102
 $1,102
Selling, general, and administrative expenses
 219
Restructuring expense$1,102
 $1,321

These expenses include employee-related costs and accelerated depreciation for assets that will no longer be used. Employee-related costs are expected to be paid in the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2019. We expect additional expenses of approximately $1.0 million in the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2019 and $1.0 million in Fiscal 2020, primarily related to asset-related charges and facility closure costs. We expect these expenses to be partially offset by the corresponding savings generated by the project.

Note 14: Income Taxes

We account for income taxes under ASC 740, Income Taxes. The objectives of accounting for income taxes are to recognize the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets for the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financial statements or tax returns.

Our effective tax rate decreased from 33.9%to 18.9% for the nine months ended May 27, 2017 to25, 2019 from 28.2% for the nine months ended May 26, 2018 due primarily to the enactment of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("Tax Act") on December 22, 2017. One of the most significant provisions of this legislation was a reduction in the Federal corporate income2017 and net favorable discrete items, primarily attributable to R&D-related tax rate from 35% to 21% effective beginning January 1, 2018. With our fiscal year ending on August 25, 2018, our blended Federal statutory tax rate for Fiscal 2018 is expected to be approximately 26%credits, which totaled $3.6 million or 3.7%. Most of the remaining significant provisions of the Tax Act take effect in our Fiscal 2019.

In December 2017, the SEC issued SAB 118, which has since been codified by the release of ASU 2018-05, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, to provideprovided guidance for companies that allowsallowed for a measurement period of up to one year after the enactment date of the Tax Act to finalize the recording of the related tax impacts under ASC 740.740, Income Taxes. In accordance with this guidance, a company mustwas required to reflect the income tax effect of those aspects of the Tax Act for which the accounting under ASC 740 is complete. To the extent that a company's accounting for certain income tax effects of the Tax Act iswas incomplete, but it iswas able to determine a reasonable estimate, the company mustwas required to record a provisional estimate in the financial statements.

In accordance with ASC 740, as of the date of enactment, and during the three months ended February 24, 2018, we recorded a non-cash provisional estimate of $1.4 millionestimates to income tax expense and a corresponding reduction in the net deferred tax assetFiscal 2018 as a result of revaluing all deferred tax assets and liabilities at the newly enacted Federal corporate income tax rate. ForWe have not made any measurement period adjustments related to these items during the threefirst nine months ended May 26, 2018, we recorded an additional non-cash provisional estimate of $0.2 million to income tax expenseFiscal 2019 and a corresponding reductionare complete in analyzing and recording all aspects of the net deferred tax asset based on revisions toenactment of the provisional estimate.Tax Act.

We are still analyzing certain aspects of the Tax Act and refining our calculations, which could potentially affect the measurement of our deferred tax balances and cause us to revise our estimate in future periods. These impacts may be material, due to, among other things, further refinement of our calculations, changes in interpretations of the Tax Act, or issuance of additional guidance by the relevant tax authorities.

We file a USU.S. Federal tax return as well as returns in various international and state jurisdictions. Although certain years are no longer subject to examination by the IRSInternal Revenue Service ("IRS") and various state taxing authorities, net operating loss carryforwards generated in those years may still be adjusted upon examination by the IRS or state taxing authorities. As of May 26, 2018,25, 2019, our Federal returns from Fiscal 2015 to present continue to be subject to review by the IRS. With limited exception, our state returns from Fiscal 2014 to present continue to be subject to review by the IRS. With few exceptions, the state returns from Fiscal 2013 to present continue to be subject to review by the state taxing jurisdictions. Several years may lapse before an uncertain tax position is audited and finally resolved, and it is difficult to predict the outcome of such audits.

As of May 26, 2018, our unrecognized tax benefits were $1.7 million, including accrued interest and penalties of $0.5 million. If we were to prevail on all unrecognized tax benefits recorded, $1.5 million of the $1.7 million would benefit the overall effective tax rate. It is our policy to recognize interest and penalties accrued relative to unrecognized tax benefits asin income tax expense. We doTotal reserves for uncertain tax positions were not believe that there will be a significant change in the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months.material.


Note 14: 15: Income Per Share
The following table reflects the calculation of basic and diluted income per share:
  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(In thousands, except per share data) May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
 May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
Income per share - basic        
Net income $32,521
 $19,391
 $72,567
 $46,407
Weighted average shares outstanding 31,582
 31,587
 31,617
 30,333
Net income per share - basic $1.03
 $0.61
 $2.30
 $1.53
         
Income per share - diluted        
Net income $32,521
 $19,391
 $72,567
 $46,407
Weighted average shares outstanding 31,582
 31,587
 31,617
 30,333
Dilutive impact of awards and options outstanding 171
 104
 208
 115
Weighted average shares and potential dilutive shares outstanding 31,753
 31,691
 31,825
 30,448
Net income per share - diluted $1.02
 $0.61
 $2.28
 $1.52
 Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(in thousands, except per share data)May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
 May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
Numerator       
Net income$36,171
 $32,521
 $79,930
 $72,567
        
Denominator       
Weighted average common shares outstanding31,493
 31,582
 31,546
 31,617
Dilutive impact of stock compensation awards151
 171
 176
 208
Weighted average common shares outstanding, assuming dilution31,644
 31,753
 31,722
 31,825
        
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from Weighted average common shares outstanding, assuming dilution204
 90
 183
 59
        
Basic income per common share$1.15
 $1.03
 $2.53
 $2.30
Diluted income per common share$1.14
 $1.02
 $2.52
 $2.28

The computation of weighted average shares and potential dilutive shares outstanding excludes the effect of options to purchase 89,710 and 61,000 shares of common stock for the three months ended May 26, 2018 and May 27, 2017, respectively, and 58,860 and 61,000 shares of common stock for the nine months ended May 26, 2018 and May 27, 2017, respectively. These amountsAnti-dilutive securities were not included in the computation of diluted income per common share because they are considered anti-dilutive under the treasury stock method per ASC 260, Earnings Per Share.method.

Note 15:16: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Changes in AOCIAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income ("AOCI") by component, net of tax, were:
 Three Months EndedThree Months Ended
 May 26, 2018 May 27, 2017May 25, 2019 May 26, 2018
(In thousands) 
Defined
Benefit
Pension
Items
 
Interest
Rate
Swap
 Total 
Defined
Benefit
Pension
Items
 
Interest
Rate
Swap
 Total
(in thousands)Defined Benefit Pension Items Interest Rate Swap Total Defined Benefit Pension Items Interest Rate Swap Total
Balance at beginning of period $(496) $1,403
 $907
 $(461) $(439) $(900)$(575) $827
 $252
 $(496) $1,403
 $907
Other comprehensive income ("OCI") before reclassifications
 (362) (362) 
 129
 129
Amounts reclassified from AOCI8
 
 8
 7
 
 7
Net current-period OCI8
 (362) (354) 7
 129
 136
Balance at end of period$(567) $465
 $(102) $(489) $1,532
 $1,043
                       
Nine Months Ended
May 25, 2019 May 26, 2018
(in thousands)Defined Benefit Pension Items Interest Rate Swap Total Defined Benefit Pension Items Interest Rate Swap Total
Balance at beginning of period$(591) $1,483
 $892
 $(509) $(514) $(1,023)
OCI before reclassifications 
 129
 129
 
 (58) (58)
 (1,018) (1,018) 
 2,046
 2,046
Amounts reclassified from AOCI 7
 
 7
 6
 
 6
24
 
 24
 20
 
 20
Net current-period OCI 7
 129
 136
 6
 (58) (52)24
 (1,018) (994) 20
 2,046
 2,066
            
Balance at end of period $(489) $1,532
 $1,043
 $(455) $(497) $(952)$(567) $465
 $(102) $(489) $1,532
 $1,043
  Nine Months Ended
  May 26, 2018 May 27, 2017
(In thousands) 
Defined
Benefit
Pension
Items
 
Interest
Rate
Swap
 Total 
Defined
Benefit
Pension
Items
 
Interest
Rate
Swap
 Total
Balance at beginning of period $(509) $(514) $(1,023) $10,975
 $
 $10,975
             
OCI before reclassifications 
 2,046
 2,046
 3,903
 (497) 3,406
Amounts reclassified from AOCI 20
 
 20
 (15,333) 
 (15,333)
Net current-period OCI 20
 2,046
 2,066
 (11,430) (497) (11,927)
             
Balance at end of period $(489) $1,532
 $1,043
 $(455) $(497) $(952)


Reclassifications out of AOCI in net periodic benefit costs, net of tax, were:
   Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(In thousands)
Location on Consolidated Statements
of Income and Comprehensive Income
 May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
 May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
Amortization of prior service creditSG&A $
 $
 $
 $(25,035)
Amortization of net actuarial lossSG&A 7
 6
 20
 9,702
Total reclassifications  $7
 $6
 $20
 $(15,333)
  Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
(in thousands)
Location on Consolidated Statements
of Income and Comprehensive Income
May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
 May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
Amortization of net actuarial lossSG&A$8
 $7
 $24
 $20


Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsOperations.
This section
Unless the context otherwise requires, the use of the terms "Winnebago Industries," "we," "us," and "our" refers to Winnebago Industries, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to provide a reader of our financial statements with a narrative from the perspective of our management on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, and certain other factors that may affect our future results. Unless otherwise noted, transactions and other factors significantly impacting our financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity are discussed in order of magnitude.

Our MD&A should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the unaudited consolidated financial statements contained in this Form 10-Qfiscal year ended August 25, 2018, (including the information presented therein under Risk Factors), as well as our reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K and other publicly available information. All amounts herein are unaudited.

Overview

Winnebago Industries, Inc. is one of the Management's Discussionleading U.S. manufacturers with a diversified portfolio of recreation vehicles ("RV"s) and marine products used primarily in leisure travel and outdoor recreation activities. We produce our motorhome units in Iowa; our towable units in Indiana; and our marine units in Florida. We distribute our RV and marine products primarily through independent dealers throughout the U.S. and Canada, who then retail the products to the end consumer. We also distribute our marine products internationally through independent dealers, who then retail the products to the end consumer.

Non-GAAP Reconciliation

This MD&A includes financial information prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. ("GAAP"), as well as certain adjusted or non-GAAP financial measures such as EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, and depreciation and amortization expense. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization expense, and other adjustments made in order to present comparable results from period to period. These non-GAAP financial measures, which are not calculated or presented in accordance with GAAP, have been provided as information supplemental and in addition to the financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP. Such non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered superior to, as a substitute for, or as an alternative to, and should be considered in conjunction with, the GAAP financial measures presented herein. The non-GAAP financial measures presented may differ from similar measures used by other companies.

Refer to the Results of Operations - Current Quarter Compared to the Comparable Prior Year Quarter and the Results of Operations - First Nine Months of Fiscal 2019 Compared to the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2018 for a detailed reconciliation of items that impacted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA. We have included this non-GAAP performance measure as a comparable measure to illustrate the effect of non-recurring transactions occurring during the reported periods and improve comparability of our results from period to period. We believe Adjusted EBITDA provides meaningful supplemental information about our operating performance because this measure excludes amounts that we do not consider part of our core operating results when assessing our performance. Examples of items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA include acquisition-related costs, restructuring expenses, and non-operating income.

Management uses these non-GAAP financial measures (a) to evaluate our historical and prospective financial performance and trends as well as our performance relative to competitors and peers; (b) to measure operational profitability on a consistent basis; (c) in presentations to the members of our board of directors to enable our board of directors to have the same measurement basis of operating performance as is used by management in its assessments of performance and in forecasting and budgeting for our company; (d) to evaluate potential acquisitions; and (e) to ensure compliance with covenants and restricted activities under the terms of our Credit Agreement. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures are frequently used by securities analysts, investors, and other interested parties to evaluate companies in our industry.

Reportable Segments

In the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2018, we revised our segment presentation. We have five operating segments: 1) Winnebago motorhomes, 2) Winnebago towables, 3) Grand Design towables, 4) Winnebago specialty vehicles, and 5) Chris-Craft marine. We evaluate performance based on each operating segment's Adjusted EBITDA, as defined above, which excludes certain corporate administration expenses and non-operating income and expense.

Our two reportable segments include: 1) Motorhome (comprised of products that include a motorized chassis as well as other related manufactured products and services) and 2) Towable (comprised of products which are not motorized and are generally towed by another vehicle as well as other related manufactured products and services), which is an aggregation of the Winnebago towables and Grand Design towables operating segments.

The Corporate / All Other category includes the Winnebago specialty vehicles and Chris-Craft marine operating segments as well

as expenses related to certain corporate administration expenses for the oversight of the enterprise. These expenses include items such as corporate leadership and administration costs. Previously, these expenses were allocated to each operating segment.

Prior period segment information has been reclassified to conform to the current reportable segment presentation. The reclassifications included removing the corporate administration expenses from both the Motorhome and Towable reportable segments and removing Winnebago specialty vehicles from the Motorhome reportable segment, as we began to dedicate leadership and focus on these operations separately from our Winnebago motorhomes operations.

Industry Trends

Key reported statistics for the North American RV industry are as follows:
Wholesale unit shipments: RV product delivered to the dealers, which is reported monthly by the Recreation Vehicle Industry Association ("RVIA")
Retail unit registrations: consumer purchases of RVs from dealers, which is reported by Stat Surveys

We track RV Industry conditions using these key statistics to monitor trends and evaluate and understand our performance relative to the overall industry. The following is an analysis of changes in these key statistics for the rolling 12 months through April as of 2019 and 2018:
 US and Canada Industry
 Wholesale Unit Shipments per RVIA Retail Unit Registrations per Stat Surveys
 Rolling 12 Months through April Rolling 12 Months through April
 2019 2018 Unit Change % Change 2019 2018 Unit Change % Change
Motorhome(1)
51,309
 64,715
 (13,406) (20.7)% 54,862
 58,454
 (3,592) (6.1)%
Towable(2)
377,171
 448,693
 (71,522) (15.9)% 408,782
 407,017
 1,765
 0.4 %
Combined428,480
 513,408
 (84,928) (16.5)% 463,644
 465,471
 (1,827) (0.4)%
(1)Motorhome: Class A, B and C products.
(2)Towable: Fifth wheel and travel trailer products.

The rolling twelve months shipments for 2019 and 2018 reflects a contraction in shipments as dealers rationalize inventory. The rolling twelve months retail information for 2019 and 2018 illustrates that the RV industry is growing at a slower rate than previous quarters, however ahead of wholesale shipments. We believe retail demand is the key driver to continued growth in the industry.

The most recent RVIA wholesale shipment forecasts for calendar year 2019, as noted in the table below, indicate that industry shipments are most likely expected to decline in 2019. The RV sales outlook for calendar 2019 considers the continuation of dealer inventory realignment that has been occurring over the last 9-12 months and gradually increasing interest rates, partially offset by anticipated growth in wages and employment levels.
 Calendar Year
Wholesale Unit Shipment Forecast per RVIA(1)
2019
Forecast
 2018
Actual
 Unit Change % Change
Aggressive430,900
 483,700
 (52,800) (10.9)%
Most likely416,300
 483,700
 (67,400) (13.9)%
Conservative395,500
 483,700
 (88,200) (18.2)%
(1)Prepared by Dr. Richard Curtin of the University of Michigan Consumer Survey Research Center for RVIA and reported in the Roadsigns RV Summer 2019 Industry Forecast Issue.

Market Share

Our retail unit market share, as reported by Stat Surveys based on state records, is illustrated below. Note that this data is subject to adjustment and is continuously updated.
 Rolling 12 Months through April Calendar Year
US and Canada2019 2018 2018 2017 
2016(1)
Motorhome A, B, C16.0% 16.1% 15.6% 16.2% 18.0%
Travel trailer and fifth wheels8.1% 6.7% 7.8% 6.1% 1.7%
Total market share9.0% 7.9% 8.7% 7.4% 3.7%
(1)Includes retail unit market share for Grand Design since its acquisition on November 8, 2016.

Facility Expansion

Due to the rapid growth in our Towable segment, we have implemented facility expansion projects in our Grand Design towables and Winnebago towables operating segments. The Grand Design towables expansion project consisted of three new production facilities--two were completed in Fiscal 2018 and the remaining is expected to be completed mid-Fiscal 2020. The facility expansion in the Winnebago towables division was completed in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019.

Enterprise Resource Planning System

In the second quarter of Fiscal 2015, our Board of Directors approved the strategic initiative of implementing an enterprise resource planning ("ERP") system to replace our legacy business applications. The new ERP platform will provide better support for our changing business needs and plans for future growth. Our initial cost estimates have grown for additional needs of the business, such as the opportunity to integrate the ERP system with additional manufacturing systems. The project includes software, external implementation assistance, and increased internal staffing directly related to this initiative. We anticipate that approximately 40% of the cost will be expensed in the period incurred and 60% will be capitalized and depreciated over its useful life.

The following table illustrates the cumulative project costs:
 Nine Months Ended Fiscal Year  
(in thousands)May 25,
2019
 2018 2017 2016 2015 
Cumulative
Investment
Capitalized$3,404
 $5,941
 $1,881
 $7,798
 $3,291
 $22,315
 57.9%
Expensed3,072
 2,107
 2,601
 5,930
 2,528
 16,238
 42.1%
Total$6,476
 $8,048
 $4,482
 $13,728
 $5,819
 $38,553
 100.0%

Restructuring

On February 4, 2019, we announced our intent to move our diesel production from Junction City, OR to Forest City, IA to enable more effective product development and improve our cost structure. These restructuring activities resulted in pretax charges of $1.1 million for the three months ended May 25, 2019 and $1.3 million for the nine months ended May 25, 2019. These expenses are included in our Motorhome segment and include employee-related costs and accelerated depreciation for assets that will no longer be used. Employee-related costs are expected to be paid in the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2019. We expect additional expenses of approximately $1.0 million in the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2019 and $1.0 million in Fiscal 2020, primarily related to asset-related charges and facility closure costs. We expect these expenses to be partially offset by the corresponding savings generated by the project.

We currently estimate that upon completion of this restructuring plan in Fiscal 2020, these actions will reduce annual costs by approximately $4.0 million, which is primarily due to lower employee-related costs, lower depreciation expense, and other manufacturing and logistics efficiencies. We expect a portion of these savings will be achieved in Fiscal 2019 and 2020, and the full annual benefit of these actions is expected in Fiscal 2021.


Results of Operations - Current Quarter Compared to the Comparable Prior Year Quarter

Consolidated Performance Summary

The following is an analysis of changes in key items included in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the three months ended May 25, 2019 compared to the three months ended May 26, 2018:
 Three Months Ended
(in thousands, except percent and per share data)May 25, 2019 
% of Revenues(1)
 May 26, 2018 
% of Revenues(1)
 $ Change % Change
Net revenues$528,940
 100.0 % $562,261
 100.0 % $(33,321) (5.9)%
Cost of goods sold442,356
 83.6 % 476,747
 84.8 % (34,391) (7.2)%
Gross profit86,584
 16.4 % 85,514
 15.2 % 1,070
 1.3 %
Selling, general, and administrative expenses35,332
 6.7 % 35,304
 6.3 % 28
 0.1 %
Amortization of intangible assets2,278
 0.4 % 1,933
 0.3 % 345
 17.8 %
Total operating expenses37,610
 7.1 % 37,237
 6.6 % 373
 1.0 %
Operating income48,974
 9.3 % 48,277
 8.6 % 697
 1.4 %
Interest expense4,446
 0.8 % 4,172
 0.7 % 274
 6.6 %
Non-operating income(360) (0.1)% (100)  % 260
 260.0 %
Income before income taxes44,888
 8.5 % 44,205
 7.9 % 683
 1.5 %
Provision for income taxes8,717
 1.6 % 11,684
 2.1 % (2,967) (25.4)%
Net income$36,171
 6.8 % $32,521
 5.8 % $3,650
 11.2 %
            
Diluted income per share$1.14
   $1.02
   $0.12
 11.8 %
Diluted average shares outstanding31,644
   31,753
   (109) (0.3)%
(1)Percentages may not add due to rounding differences.

Net revenues decreased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 primarily due to a decline in Motorhome volume, partially offset by an increase in Towable volume and our acquisition of Chris-Craft in the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2018.

Gross profit as a percentage of revenue increased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 driven by an increase in Towable volume and margin expansion driven by pricing and a decline in Motorhome volume providing a favorable mix.

Operating expenses increased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 due to Chris-Craft operating expenses, which was acquired in the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2018.

The effective tax rate decreased to 19.4% for the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 compared to 26.4% for the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 due primarily to $1.1 million in net favorable discrete items, primarily attributable to R&D-related tax credits, realized in the current period and the enactment of the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("Tax Act") on December 22, 2017. The reduction related to the enactment of the Tax Act is primarily attributable to the reduction in the Federal tax rate to 21%.

Net income and diluted income per share increased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 primarily due to a lower statutory tax rate and a favorable R&D-related discrete item.


Non-GAAP Reconciliation

The following table reconciles net income to consolidated EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended May 25, 2019 and May 26, 2018:
 Three Months Ended
(in thousands)May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
Net income$36,171
 $32,521
Interest expense4,446
 4,172
Provision for income taxes8,717
 11,684
Depreciation3,520
 2,351
Amortization of intangible assets2,278
 1,933
EBITDA55,132
 52,661
Acquisition-related costs
 800
Restructuring expenses1,102
 
Non-operating income(360) (100)
Adjusted EBITDA$55,874
 $53,361

Reportable Segment Performance Summary

Motorhome

The following is an analysis of key changes in our Motorhome segment for the three months ended May 25, 2019 compared to the three months ended May 26, 2018:
 Three Months Ended
(in thousands, except ASP)May 25,
2019
 % of Revenues May 26,
2018
 % of Revenues $ Change % Change
Net revenues$160,239
   $244,870
   $(84,631) (34.6)%
Adjusted EBITDA381
 0.2% 11,677
 4.8% (11,296) (96.7)%
            
Average Selling Price ("ASP")(1)
82,679
   85,950
   (3,271) (3.8)%
            
 Three Months Ended
Unit deliveriesMay 25,
2019
 
Product Mix(2)
 May 26,
2018
 
Product Mix(2)
 Unit Change % Change
Class A378
 19.3% 722
 25.3% (344) (47.6)%
Class B515
 26.2% 606
 21.2% (91) (15.0)%
Class C1,069
 54.5% 1,528
 53.5% (459) (30.0)%
Total motorhomes1,962
 100.0% 2,856
 100.0% (894) (31.3)%
(1)Average selling price excludes off-invoice dealer incentives.
(2)Percentages may not add due to rounding differences.

Net revenues decreased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 due to a decrease in the number of units sold as well as an unfavorable product mix.

Adjusted EBITDA decreased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 due to reduced sales volume, unfavorable mix of business, and continued competitive pricing and promotional pressures.

Unit deliveries decreased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 driven primarily by declines in our Class A and Class C products. Class B were also less than the prior year in the third quarter due to a temporary disruption in the supply of chassis used in two of our most popular Class B models.


Towable

The following is an analysis of key changes in our Towable segment for the three months ended May 25, 2019 compared to the three months ended May 26, 2018:
 Three Months Ended
(in thousands, except ASP)May 25,
2019
 % of Revenues May 26,
2018
 % of Revenues $ Change % Change
Net revenues$346,811
   $313,016
   $33,795
 10.8%
Adjusted EBITDA57,172
 16.5% 45,378
 14.5% 11,794
 26.0%
            
ASP(1)
33,318
   31,826
   1,492
 4.7%
            
 Three Months Ended
Unit deliveriesMay 25,
2019
 
Product Mix(2)
 May 26,
2018
 
Product Mix(2)
 Unit Change % Change
Travel trailer6,185
 59.5% 6,063
 62.1% 122
 2.0%
Fifth wheel4,216
 40.5% 3,703
 37.9% 513
 13.9%
Total towables10,401
 100.0% 9,766
 100.0% 635
 6.5%
(1)ASP excludes off-invoice dealer incentives.
(2)Percentages may not add due to rounding differences.

Net revenues increased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 due to an increase in the number of units sold and pricing actions taken in the second quarter of Fiscal 2019.

Adjusted EBITDA increased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 due to an increase in sales volume and pricing actions taken during the second quarter of Fiscal 2019.

Unit deliveries increased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2019 compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 primarily due to volume growth in excess of recent industry trends.


Results of Operations - First Nine Months of Fiscal 2019 Compared to the First Nine Months of Fiscal 2018

Consolidated Performance Summary

The following is an analysis of changes in key items included in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the nine months ended May 25, 2019 compared to the nine months ended May 26, 2018:
 Nine Months Ended
(in thousands, except percent and per share data)May 25,
2019
 
% of Revenues(1)
 May 26,
2018
 
% of Revenues(1)
 $ Change % Change
Net revenues$1,455,278
 100.0 % $1,480,641
 100.0 % $(25,363) (1.7)%
Cost of goods sold1,231,269
 84.6 % 1,264,635
 85.4 % (33,366) (2.6)%
Gross profit224,009
 15.4 % 216,006
 14.6 % 8,003
 3.7 %
Selling, general, and administrative expenses106,303
 7.3 % 95,381
 6.4 % 10,922
 11.5 %
Amortization of intangible assets7,204
 0.5 % 5,921
 0.4 % 1,283
 21.7 %
Total operating expenses113,507
 7.8 % 101,302
 6.8 % 12,205
 12.0 %
Operating income110,502
 7.6 % 114,704
 7.7 % (4,202) (3.7)%
Interest expense13,293
 0.9 % 13,871
 0.9 % (578) (4.2)%
Non-operating income(1,330) (0.1)% (212)  % 1,118
 527.4 %
Income before income taxes98,539
 6.8 % 101,045
 6.8 % (2,506) (2.5)%
Provision for income taxes18,609
 1.3 % 28,478
 1.9 % (9,869) (34.7)%
Net income$79,930
 5.5 % $72,567
 4.9 % $7,363
 10.1 %
            
Diluted income per share$2.52
   $2.28
   $0.24
 10.5 %
Diluted average shares outstanding31,722
   31,825
   (103) (0.3)%
(1)Percentages may not add due to rounding differences.

Net revenues decreased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 primarily due to a decrease in our Motorhome segment sales which is partially offset by our Towable segment sales and the acquisition of Chris-Craft in the fourth quarter of Fiscal 2018.

Gross profit as a percentage of revenue increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 due to an increase in our Towable segment volume and pricing actions taken in the second quarter of Fiscal 2019. This was partially offset by reduced Motorhome sales volume and heightened dealer incentives.

Operating expenses increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 due to the addition of the Chris-Craft business and increased investments in our business.

Interest expense decreased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 due to the unamortized debt issuance costs expensed in Fiscal 2018 related to our voluntary prepayment on our Credit Agreement and our Credit Agreement amendment during the second quarter of Fiscal 2018, which resulted in a decrease to the interest rate spread by 1.0% on the Term Loan and 0.25% on the ABL.

Non-operating income increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 due to net proceeds received from company-owned life insurance policies.

The effective tax rate decreased to 18.9% for the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to 28.2% for the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 due primarily to the enactment of the Tax Act on December 22, 2017 and to $3.6 million in net favorable discrete items, primarily attributable to R&D-related tax credits, realized in the current period. The reduction related to the enactment of the Tax Act is primarily attributable to the reduction in the Federal statutory tax rate to 21%.

Net income and diluted income per share increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 primarily due to improved profitability in our Towable segment and the lower effective income tax rate, partially offset by a decrease in our Motorhome segment profitability.


Non-GAAP Reconciliation

The following table reconciles net income to consolidated EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the first nine months ended May 25, 2019 and May 26, 2018:
 Nine Months Ended
(in thousands)May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
Net income$79,930
 $72,567
Interest expense13,293
 13,871
Provision for income taxes18,609
 28,478
Depreciation9,788
 6,679
Amortization of intangible assets7,204
 5,921
EBITDA128,824
 127,516
Acquisition-related costs
 850
Restructuring expenses1,321
 
Non-operating income(1,330) (212)
Adjusted EBITDA$128,815
 $128,154

Reportable Segment Performance Summary

Motorhome

The following is an analysis of key changes in our Motorhome segment for the first nine months ended May 25, 2019 compared to the first nine months ended May 26, 2018 and as of May 25, 2019 compared to May 26, 2018:
 Nine Months Ended
(in thousands, except ASP)May 25,
2019
 % of Revenues May 26,
2018
 % of Revenues $ Change % Change
Net revenues$506,229
   $632,148
   $(125,919) (19.9)%
Adjusted EBITDA16,716
 3.3% 22,264
 3.5% (5,548) (24.9)%
            
ASP(1)
91,091
   88,728
   2,363
 2.7 %
            
 Nine Months Ended
Unit deliveriesMay 25,
2019
 
Product Mix(2)
 May 26,
2018
 
Product Mix(2)
 Unit Change % Change
Class A1,329
 23.7% 2,326
 32.8% (997) (42.9)%
Class B1,847
 33.0% 1,387
 19.6% 460
 33.2 %
Class C2,430
 43.3% 3,372
 47.6% (942) (27.9)%
Total motorhomes5,606
 100.0% 7,085
 100.0% (1,479) (20.9)%
            
($ in thousands)May 25,
2019
   May 26,
2018
   Change % Change
Backlog(3)
           
Units2,074
   2,155
   (81) (3.8)%
Dollars$182,354
   $193,079
   $(10,725) (5.6)%
Dealer Inventory           
Units4,235
   4,750
   (515) (10.8)%
(1)ASP excludes off-invoice dealer incentives.
(2)Percentages may not add due to rounding differences.
(3)We include in our backlog all accepted orders from dealers to generally be shipped within the next six months. Orders in backlog can be cancelled or postponed at the option of the dealer at any time without penalty and, therefore, backlog may not necessarily be an accurate measure of future sales.

Net revenues decreased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 due to a decrease

in the number of units sold, partially offset by increased pricing.

ASP increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 due to price increases during the second half of Fiscal 2018.

Adjusted EBITDA decreased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 due to lower volume and higher discounts, partially offset by favorable mix of business.

Unit deliveries decreased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 driven by decreases in our Class A and Class C products, partially offset by an increase in our Class B products.

We have seen a decrease in the volume and dollar value of backlog as of May 25, 2019 compared to May 26, 2018 due to the continuation of dealers right-sizing inventory levels, partially offset by an increase in several Class B products due to the temporary disruption in chassis supply.

Towable

The following is an analysis of key changes in our Towable segment for the first nine months ended May 25, 2019 compared to the first nine months ended May 26, 2018 and as of May 25, 2019 compared to May 26, 2018:
 Nine Months Ended
(in thousands, except ASP)May 25,
2019
 % of Revenues May 26,
2018
 % of Revenues $ Change % Change
Net revenues$890,335
   $839,039
   $51,296
 6.1 %
Adjusted EBITDA121,638
 13.7% 115,066
 13.7% 6,572
 5.7 %
            
ASP(1)
32,926
   31,361
   1,565
 5.0 %
            
 Nine Months Ended
Unit deliveriesMay 25,
2019
 
Product Mix(2)
 May 26,
2018
 
Product Mix(2)
 Unit Change % Change
Travel trailer16,564
 60.5% 16,495
 61.3% 69
 0.4 %
Fifth wheel10,818
 39.5% 10,428
 38.7% 390
 3.7 %
Total towables27,382
 100.0% 26,923
 100.0% 459
 1.7 %
            
($ in thousands)May 25,
2019
   May 26,
2018
   Change % Change
Backlog(3)
           
Units7,089
   9,968
   (2,879) (28.9)%
Dollars$237,708
   $313,513
   $(75,805) (24.2)%
Dealer Inventory           
Units18,984
   15,986
   2,998
 18.8 %
(1)ASP excludes off-invoice dealer incentives.
(2)Percentages may not add due to rounding differences.
(3)We include in our backlog all accepted orders from dealers to generally be shipped within the next six months. Orders in backlog can be cancelled or postponed at the option of the dealer at any time without penalty and, therefore, backlog may not necessarily be an accurate measure of future sales.

Net revenues increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 due to increased volume and a resulting improvement in our market share.

ASP increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 due to price increases during the first half of Fiscal 2019 as well as favorable product mix.

Adjusted EBITDA increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 primarily due to sales growth.

Unit deliveries increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2019 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 primarily due to volume growth in excess of recent industry trends. Our Towable segment market share increased from 6.7% to 8.1% when comparing retail registrations during the twelve-month trailing periods ended April 2018 and April 2019. Shipments grew faster than

the industry as a result of greater penetration of our new products and further expansion of our products on dealer lots.

We have seen a decrease in the backlog volumes as of May 25, 2019 compared to May 26, 2018 due to our utilization of additional capacity added during 2018 and re-balancing from high backlog levels in the prior year, in addition to a more challenging shipping environment in the current year. We believe dealer inventory increased due to our increased market share in the Towable segment and the strong demand for our Grand Design products.

Analysis of Financial Condition, Liquidity, and Risk FactorsResources
Cash Flows
The following table summarizes our cash flows from operations for the first nine months ended May 25, 2019 and May 26, 2018:
 Nine Months Ended
(in thousands)May 25,
2019
 May 26,
2018
Total cash provided by (used in):   
Operating activities$82,849
 $61,012
Investing activities(30,497) (17,890)
Financing activities(50,518) (40,038)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents$1,834
 $3,084
Operating Activities
Cash provided by operating activities increased for the first nine months ended May 25, 2019 compared to the first nine months ended May 26, 2018 primarily due to favorable changes in working capital year-over-year, partially offset by the timing of estimated tax payments.
Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities increased for the first nine months ended May 25, 2019 compared to the first nine months ended May 26, 2018 primarily due to increased capital expenditures related to the capacity expansions within our Towable segment.
Financing Activities
Cash used in financing activities increased for the first nine months ended May 25, 2019 compared to the first nine months ended May 26, 2018 primarily due to increased net payments on our Credit Agreement and increased share repurchases.

Debt and Capital

As of September 21, 2018, we have a debt agreement that consists of a $300.0 million term loan agreement ("Term Loan") and a $165.0 million asset-based revolving credit facility ("ABL") (collectively, the "Credit Agreement") with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Refer to Note 9, Long-Term Debt, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 25, 2018 for additional details. As of May 25, 2019, we had $5.6 million in borrowings against the ABL.

Other Financial Measures

Working capital at May 25, 2019 and August 25, 2018 was $186.2 million and $167.8 million, respectively. We currently expect cash on hand, funds generated from operations, and the borrowing available under our Credit Agreement to be sufficient to cover both short-term and long-term operating requirements.

Share Repurchases and Dividends

We repurchase our common stock and pay dividends pursuant to programs approved by our Board of Directors. Our long-term capital allocation strategy is to first fund operations and investments in growth, maintain a debt leverage ratio within our targeted zone, maintain reasonable liquidity, and then return excess cash over time to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases.

On December 19, 2007, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of outstanding shares of our common stock, depending on market conditions, for an aggregate consideration of up to $60.0 million. On October 18, 2017, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program in the amount of $70.0 million. There is no time restriction on either authorization. In the first nine months ended May 25, 2019, we repurchased 0.2 million shares for $5.7 million under this authorization. We continually

evaluate if share repurchases reflect a prudent use of our capital and, subject to compliance with our Credit Agreement, we may purchase shares in the future. At May 25, 2019, we have $60.3 million remaining on our board repurchase authorization.

On May 22, 2019, our Board of Directors approved a quarterly cash dividend of $0.11 per share payable on July 3, 2019, to common stockholders of record at the close of business on June 19, 2019.

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

There has been no material change in our contractual obligations other than in the ordinary course of business since the end of Fiscal 2018. See our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 25, 2018, for additional information regarding our contractual obligations and commercial commitments.

Significant Accounting Policies and Estimates

We describe our significant accounting policies in Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10‑K10-K for the fiscal year ended August 25, 2018. We discuss our critical accounting estimates in Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 26, 201725, 2018.

There have been no significant changes in our significant accounting policies or critical accounting estimates since the end of Fiscal 2018.

New Accounting Pronouncements

For a description of new applicable accounting pronouncements, see Note 1,  andBasis of Presentation, of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Forward-Looking Information
Safe Harbor Statement Under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act

ThisSection 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”), provide a “safe harbor” for forward-looking statements to encourage companies to provide prospective information about their companies. With the exception of historical information, the matters discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may containare forward-looking statements withinand may be identified by the meaninguse of words such as "anticipate," "assume," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "guidance," "intend," "outlook," "plan," "project," and other words and terms of similar meaning. Such statements reflect our current views and estimates with respect to future market conditions, company performance and financial results, operational investments, business prospects, new strategies, the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Investors are cautioned that forward-lookingcompetitive environment, and other events. These statements are inherently uncertain. A number of factorssubject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from thesethe potential results discussed in such forward-looking statements. Readers should review Item 1A, Risk Factors, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 25, 2018, for a description of important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements including, but not limitedmade in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Among the factors that could cause actual results and outcomes to differ materially from those contained in such forward-looking statements are the following: competition and new product introductions by competitors, our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel, business or production disruptions, sales order cancellations, risk related to compliance with debt covenants and leverage ratios, stock price volatility, availability of labor, a slowdown in the economy, low consumer confidence, the effect of global tensions, increases in interest rates, availability of credit, risk related to cyclicality and seasonality, slower than anticipated sales of new or existing products, integration of operations relating to merger and acquisition activities generally, inadequate liquidity or capital resources, inventory and distribution channel management, our ability to innovate, our reliance on large dealer organizations, significant increase in repurchase obligations, availability and price of fuel, availability of chassis and other key component parts, increased material and component costs, exposure to warranty claims, ability to protect our intellectual property, exposure to product liability claims, dependence on information systems and web applications, any unexpected expenses related to ERP, risk related to data security, governmental regulation, including for climate change, and risk related to anti-takeover provisions applicable to us and other factors. Additional information concerning certain risksWe caution that the foregoing list of important factors is not complete. Any forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and uncertainties that could cause actual resultswe assume no obligation to differ materially from that projected or suggested is contained in our filings with the SEC over the last 12 months, copies of which are available from the SEC or from us upon request. We disclaim any obligation or undertaking to disseminate any updates or revisions toupdate any forward-looking statements contained in this release or to reflect any changes in expectations after the date of this release or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any statement is based, except as required by law.that we may make.

Overview
Winnebago Industries, Inc. is a leading US manufacturer of RVs with a proud history of manufacturing RV products for 60 years. We currently produce a large majority of our motorhomes in vertically integrated manufacturing facilities in Iowa, and we produce all of our travel trailer and fifth wheel trailers in Indiana. We are in the process of expanding some motorhome manufacturing to Junction City, Oregon. We distribute our products primarily through independent dealers throughout the US and Canada, who then retail the products to the end consumer.
Non-GAAP Reconciliation

This MD&A includes financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP, as well as certain adjusted or non-GAAP financial measures such as EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA. These non-GAAP financial measures, which are not calculated or presented in accordance with GAAP, have been provided as information supplemental and in addition to the financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP. Such non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered superior to, as a substitute for, or as an alternative to, and should be considered in conjunction with, the GAAP financial measures presented herein. The non-GAAP financial measures presented may differ from similar measures used by other companies.

Refer to the Consolidated Results of Operations-Current Quarter Compared to the Comparable Quarter Last Year and Consolidated Results of Operations-First Nine Months of Fiscal 2018 Compared to the Comparable Nine Months of Fiscal 2017 for a detailed reconciliation of items that impacted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, and depreciation and amortization expense. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization expense, and other adjustments made in order to present comparable results from period to period. We have included this non-GAAP performance measure as a comparable measure to illustrate the effect of non-recurring transactions occurring during the quarter and improve comparability of our results from period to period.  We believe EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA provide meaningful supplemental information about our operating performance because each measure excludes amounts that we do not consider part of our core operating results when assessing our performance. Examples of items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA include the postretirement health care benefit income from terminating the plan and transaction costs related to our acquisition of Grand Design. These types of adjustments are also specified in the definition of certain measures required under the terms of our Credit Agreement.

Management uses these non-GAAP financial measures (a) to evaluate our historical and prospective financial performance and trends as well as its performance relative to competitors and peers; (b) to measure operational profitability on a consistent basis; (c) in presentations to the members of our board of directors to enable our board of directors to have the same measurement basis of operating performance as is used by management in its assessments of performance and in forecasting and budgeting for our company; (d) to evaluate potential acquisitions; and, (e) to ensure compliance with covenants and restricted activities under the terms of our Credit Agreement. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures are frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties to evaluate companies in our industry.

Significant Transaction

On November 8, 2016, we acquired all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of towable RV manufacturer Grand Design for an aggregate purchase price of $520.5 million. This acquisition was funded from our cash on hand, $353.0 million from asset-based revolving and term loan credit facilities, as well as stock consideration, as is more fully described in Note 2 and Note 9 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. We purchased Grand Design to significantly expand our existing towable RV product offerings and dealer base and acquire additional talent in the RV industry.

With the acquisition of Grand Design in the first quarter of Fiscal 2017, we expanded the number of reporting segments to two: (1) Motorized products and services and (2) Towable products and services. The Motorized segment includes all products that include a motorized chassis as well as other related manufactured products. The Towable segment includes all products that are not motorized and are generally towed by another vehicle.

Subsequent Event

Subsequent to the third quarter of Fiscal 2018, we acquired 100% of the ownership interests of Chris-Craft, a privately-owned company based in Sarasota Florida. Chris-Craft manufactures and sells premium quality boats in the recreational powerboat industry through an established global network of independent authorized dealers.

Industry Trends

Key reported statistics for the North American RV industry are as follows:
Wholesale unit shipments: RV product delivered to the dealers, which is reported monthly by RVIA
Retail unit registrations: consumer purchases of RVs from dealers, which is reported by Stat Surveys

We track RV industry conditions using these key statistics to monitor trends and evaluate and understand our performance relative to the overall industry. The rolling twelve months shipment and retail information for 2018 and 2017, as noted below, illustrates that the RV industry continues to grow at the wholesale and retail level. We believe that retail demand is the key driver to continued growth in the industry.
 US and Canada Industry
 Wholesale Unit Shipments per RVIA Retail Unit Registrations per Stat Surveys
 Rolling 12 Months through April Rolling 12 Months through April
 20182017Unit Change% Change 20182017Unit Change% Change
Towable (1)
448,693
376,022
72,671
19.3% 404,225
363,369
40,856
11.2%
Motorized (2)
64,715
57,133
7,582
13.3% 57,647
52,990
4,657
8.8%
Combined513,408
433,155
80,253
18.5% 461,872
416,359
45,513
10.9%
(1)Towable: Fifth wheel and travel trailer products
(2)Motorized: Class A, B and C products

The most recent towable and motorized RVIA wholesale shipment forecasts for calendar years 2018 and 2017, as noted in the table below, illustrates continued projected growth of the industry. The outlook for future growth in RV sales is based on continued modest gains in job and disposable income prospects as well as low inflation, and takes into account the impact of slowly rising interest rates, a strong US dollar and continued weakness in energy production and prices.
  Calendar Year
Wholesale Unit Shipment Forecast per RVIA(1)
 20182017
Unit
Change
%
Change
Towable 462,600
429,500
33,100
7.7%
Motorized 66,800
62,700
4,100
6.5%
Combined 529,400
492,200
37,200
7.6%
(1)Forecast prepared by Dr. Richard Curtin of the University of Michigan Consumer Survey Research Center for RVIA and reported in the Roadsigns RV Summer 2018 Industry Forecast Issue. Unit forecasts exclude folding camper and truck camper categories.


Market Share

Our retail unit market share, as reported by Stat Surveys based on state records, is illustrated below. Note that this data is subject to adjustment and is continuously updated.
  
Rolling 12 Months
Through April
 Calendar Year
  2018
2017(1)
 
2017(1)
2016(1)
2015
Motorized A, B, C 16.2%17.0% 16.2%18.0%20.5%
Travel trailer and fifth wheels 6.7%3.1% 6.1%1.7%0.9%
(1)Travel trailer and fifth wheels include retail unit market share for Grand Design since acquisition on November 8, 2016.

Debt Repricing

Effective December 8, 2017, we amended our Credit Agreement to reprice $260.0 million of Term Loan debt. The revised interest rate is LIBOR plus 3.5%, down from the previous rate of LIBOR plus 4.5%. Prior to this repricing, $19.7 million was drawn on our ABL and the proceeds from the ABL borrowing were used to voluntarily pay down our Term Loan. Various other amendments were made to our ABL providing us with reduced borrowing costs and facility fees under the ABL. The requirement to hedge a portion of the Term Loan floating rate interest exposure was also removed from the ABL, providing greater flexibility under the Credit Agreement.

Facility Expansion

During Fiscal 2017, our Board of Directors approved two large facility expansion projects in the fast growing Towable segment. The Grand Design expansion project consisted of two new production facilities. The first was completed in January 2018, and we have seen an increase in units produced beginning in the second quarter of Fiscal 2018. The second building in the Grand Design expansion project was completed in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018. The facility expansion in the Winnebago-branded Towable division is expected to be completed in early Fiscal 2019.

ERP System

In the second quarter of Fiscal 2015, our Board of Directors approved the strategic initiative of implementing an ERP system to replace our legacy business applications. The new ERP platform will provide better support for our changing business needs and plans for future growth. Our initial cost estimates have grown for additional needs of the business, such as the acquisition of the Junction City, Oregon plant and the opportunity to integrate the ERP system with additional manufacturing systems. The project includes software, external implementation assistance and increased internal staffing directly related to this initiative. We anticipate that approximately 40% of the cost will be expensed in the period incurred and 60% will be capitalized and depreciated over its useful life.

The following table illustrates the cumulative project costs:
  Fiscal 2018 Fiscal Fiscal Fiscal Cumulative
(In thousands) Q3 Q2 Q1 2017 2016 2015 Investment
Capitalized $1,549
 $1,271
 $1,416
 $1,881
 $7,798
 $3,291
 $17,206
58%
Expensed 435
 420
 387
 2,601
 5,930
 2,528
 12,301
42%
Total $1,984
 $1,691
 $1,803
 $4,482
 $13,728
 $5,819
 $29,507
100%

In May of 2017, our Board of Directors approved continued investment in the ERP system and a change in implementation partner. The project is proceeding and the benefits are expected to be realized over the next several years. Total project costs are expected to be approximately $38.0 million.

Consolidated Results of Operations
Current Quarter Compared to the Comparable Quarter Last Year
The following is an analysis of changes in key items included in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the three months ended May 26, 2018 compared to the three months ended May 27, 2017:
  Three Months Ended
(In thousands, except per share data) May 26,
2018
% of
Revenues(1)
 May 27,
2017
% of
Revenues(1)
 
Increase
(Decrease)
%
Change
Net revenues $562,261
100.0 % $476,364
100.0 % $85,897
18.0 %
Cost of goods sold 476,747
84.8 % 405,560
85.1 % 71,187
17.6 %
Gross profit 85,514
15.2 % 70,804
14.9 % 14,710
20.8 %
          
Selling 13,100
2.3 % 10,141
2.1 % 2,959
29.2 %
General and administrative 21,404
3.8 % 15,194
3.2 % 6,210
40.9 %
Postretirement health care benefit income 
 % 
 % 
 %
Transaction costs 800
0.1 % 450
0.1 % 350
77.8 %
Amortization of intangible assets 1,933
0.3 % 10,159
2.1 % (8,226)(81.0)%
Total general and administrative 24,137
4.3 % 25,803
5.4 % (1,666)(6.5)%
Total SG&A 37,237
6.6 % 35,944
7.5 % 1,293
3.6 %
          
Operating income 48,277
8.6 % 34,860
7.3 % 13,417
38.5 %
Interest expense 4,172
0.7 % 5,265
1.1 % (1,093)(20.8)%
Non-operating income (100) % (54) % (46)85.2 %
Income before income taxes 44,205
7.9 % 29,649
6.2 % 14,556
49.1 %
Provision for income taxes 11,684
2.1 % 10,258
2.2 % 1,426
13.9 %
Net income $32,521
5.8 % $19,391
4.1 % $13,130
67.7 %
          
Diluted income per share $1.02
  $0.61
  $0.41
67.2 %
Diluted average shares outstanding 31,753
  31,691
  62
0.2 %
(1)Percentages may not add due to rounding differences.
Consolidated net revenues increased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2017 primarily due to an increase in volume in our Towable segment.

Gross profit as a percentage of revenue increased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 compared to the same period a year ago due to a decrease in manufacturing costs as a percentage of revenue due to our Towable segment volume growth and cost savings initiatives. This was partially offset by inflationary input cost pressures and continued margin pressure in the Motorized segment due to ongoing expenses related to the ramp-up of our West Coast production facility and costs associated with new product start-up.

Selling expenses as a percentage of revenue increased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2017 primarily due to a mix change driven by volume growth in our Towable segment.
Total general and administrative expenses decreased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 compared to the same period a year ago due to the reduction of amortization of definite-lived intangible assets driven by the Grand Design acquisition in Fiscal 2017. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in general and administrative expenses related to investments in our business as well as an increase in transaction-related expenses due to the acquisition of Chris-Craft.
Interest expense decreased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 compared to the same period a year ago due to our Credit Agreement amendment during the second quarter of Fiscal 2018. This amendment resulted in a decrease to the interest rate spread by 1.0% on the Term Loan and 0.25% on the ABL. See Analysis of Financial Condition, Liquidity, and Resources and Note 9 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.
The overall effective income tax rate for the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 was 26.4% compared to the effective tax rate of 34.6% for the same period in Fiscal 2017. The effective tax rate for the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 was favorably impacted by the enactment of the Tax Act. This decrease was primarily due to the decrease in the Federal rate as a result of the Tax Act.

Net income and diluted income per share increased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 compared to the same period a year ago primarily due to the increased gross profit rate, the lower SG&A rate, and the lower effective income tax rate.

Non-GAAP Reconciliation

The following table reconciles net income to consolidated EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended May 26, 2018 and May 27, 2017.
  Three Months Ended
(In thousands) May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
Net income $32,521
 $19,391
Interest expense 4,172
 5,265
Provision for income taxes 11,684
 10,258
Depreciation 2,351
 1,859
Amortization of intangible assets 1,933
 10,159
EBITDA 52,661
 46,932
Postretirement health care benefit income 
 
Transaction costs 800
 450
Non-operating expense (100) (54)
Adjusted EBITDA $53,361
 $47,328

Segment Results of Operations
The following is an analysis of key changes in our Motorized segment for the three months ended May 26, 2018 compared to the three months ended May 27, 2017:
Motorized         
(In thousands, except units) Three Months Ended
  May 26,
2018
% of
Revenue
 May 27,
2017
% of
Revenue
 
Increase
(Decrease)
%
Change
Net revenues $249,245
  $241,670
  $7,575
3.1 %
Adjusted EBITDA 9,319
3.7% 14,567
6.0% (5,248)(36.0)%
          
Unit deliveries May 26,
2018
Product
Mix %(1)
 May 27,
2017
Product
Mix %(1)
 
Increase
(Decrease)
%
Change
Class A 722
25.3% 797
28.5% (75)(9.4)%
Class B 606
21.2% 471
16.9% 135
28.7 %
Class C 1,528
53.5% 1,524
54.6% 4
0.3 %
Total motorhomes 2,856
100.0% 2,792
100.0% 64
2.3 %
          
Motorhome ASP $85,950
  $85,953
  $(3) %
          
     As Of  
Backlog(2)
    May 26,
2018
May 27,
2017
 Increase
%
Change
Units    2,155
1,640
 515
31.4 %
Dollars    $193,079
$141,998
 $51,081
36.0 %
          
Dealer Inventory         
Units    4,750
4,670
 80
1.7 %
(1)Percentages may not add due to rounding differences.
(2)We include in our backlog all accepted orders from dealers to generally be shipped within the next six months. Orders in backlog can be cancelled or postponed at the option of the dealer at any time without penalty and, therefore, backlog may not necessarily be an accurate measure of future sales.


Motorized net revenues increased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 as compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2017 due to an increase in the number of units sold.

Motorized unit deliveries increased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 as compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2017 driven by the unit growth we have generated in our Class B and entry-level Class A products. Additionally, we have seen an increase in the backlog volumes in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 as compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2017 due largely to the introduction of new products. Dealer inventory increased slightly due to timing, noting that the number of backlog units has increased.

Motorized segment Adjusted EBITDA decreased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 as compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2017 due to inflationary input cost pressures and continued margin pressure due to ongoing expenses related to the ramp-up of our West Coast production facility and costs associated with new product start-up.

The following is an analysis of key changes in our Towable segment for the three months ended May 26, 2018 compared to the three months ended May 27, 2017:
Towable         
(In thousands, except units) Three Months Ended
  May 26,
2018
% of
Revenue
 May 27,
2017
% of
Revenue
 Increase
%
Change
Net revenues $313,016
  $234,694
  $78,322
33.4%
Adjusted EBITDA 44,042
14.1% 32,761
14.0% 11,281
34.4%
          
Unit deliveries May 26,
2018
Product
Mix %(1)
 May 27,
2017
Product
Mix %(1)
 Increase
%
Change
Travel trailer 6,063
62.1% 4,359
58.5% 1,704
39.1%
Fifth wheel 3,703
37.9% 3,092
41.5% 611
19.8%
Total towables 9,766
100.0% 7,451
100.0% 2,315
31.1%
          
Towable ASP $31,826
  $31,459
  $367
1.2%
          
     As Of  
Backlog(2)
    May 26,
2018
May 27,
2017
 Increase
%
Change
Units    9,968
8,657
 1,311
15.1%
Dollars    $313,513
$269,965
 $43,548
16.1%
          
Dealer Inventory         
Units    15,986
9,520
 6,466
67.9%
(1)Percentages may not add due to rounding differences.
(2)We include in our backlog all accepted orders from dealers to generally be shipped within the next six months. Orders in backlog can be cancelled or postponed at the option of the dealer at any time without penalty and, therefore, backlog may not necessarily be an accurate measure of future sales.

Towable net revenues increased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 as compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2017 primarily due to strong organic growth.

Towable unit deliveries grew in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 as compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2017 primarily due to volume growth in excess of recent industry trends. Our Towable market share increased from 3.1% to 6.7% when comparing shipments during the twelve-month trailing periods ended April 2017 and April 2018. Towable ASP increased slightly due to a mix change for the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 compared to the same period in Fiscal 2017.

Towable segment Adjusted EBITDA increased in the third quarter of Fiscal 2018 as compared to the third quarter of Fiscal 2017 due primarily to organic volume growth. Shipments grew faster than the industry as a result of greater penetration of our new products and further expansion of our distribution base. In addition to the growth in the Towable segment, profitability has increased due to the leverage of higher volume on the fixed cost components of our business as well as effective cost-savings initiatives.


Consolidated Results of Operations

First Nine Months of Fiscal 2018 Compared to the Comparable Nine Months of Fiscal 2017
The following is an analysis of changes in key items included in the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the nine months ended May 26, 2018 compared to the nine months ended May 27, 2017:
  Nine Months Ended
(In thousands, except percent
and per share data)
 May 26,
2018
% of
Revenues(1)
 May 27,
2017
% of
Revenues(1)
 
Increase
(Decrease)
%
Change
Net revenues $1,480,641
100.0 % $1,092,183
100.0 % $388,458
35.6 %
Cost of goods sold 1,264,635
85.4 % 943,188
86.4 % 321,447
34.1 %
Gross profit 216,006
14.6 % 148,995
13.6 % 67,011
45.0 %
   

      
Selling 37,443
2.5 % 25,564
2.3 % 11,879
46.5 %
General and administrative 57,088
3.9 % 37,640
3.4 % 19,448
51.7 %
Postretirement health care benefit income 
 % (24,796)(2.3)% 24,796
(100.0)%
Transaction costs 850
0.1 % 6,374
0.6 % (5,524)(86.7)%
Amortization of intangible assets 5,921
0.4 % 22,578
2.1 % (16,657)(73.8)%
Total general and administrative 63,859
4.3 % 41,796
3.8 % 22,063
52.8 %
Total SG&A 101,302
6.8 % 67,360
6.2 % 33,942
50.4 %
   

      
Operating income 114,704
7.7 % 81,635
7.5 % 33,069
40.5 %
Interest expense 13,871
0.9 % 11,571
1.1 % 2,300
19.9 %
Non-operating income (212) % (137) % (75)54.7 %
Income before income taxes 101,045
6.8 % 70,201
6.4 % 30,844
43.9 %
Provision for income taxes 28,478
1.9 % 23,794
2.2 % 4,684
19.7 %
Net income $72,567
4.9 % $46,407
4.2 % $26,160
56.4 %
   
      
Diluted income per share $2.28

 $1.52
  $0.76
50.0 %
Diluted average shares outstanding 31,825


 30,448
  1,377
4.5 %
(1)Percentages may not add due to rounding differences.
Consolidated net revenues increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2017 primarily due to the acquisition of Grand Design and strong volume growth in our Towable segment.

Gross profit as a percentage of revenue increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2017 due to the Towable segment, which operates at a higher gross profit, growing faster than the Motorized segment, and also due to effectiveness of cost savings initiatives.

Selling expenses increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2017 primarily due to a mix change driven by volume growth in our Towable segment.
Total general and administrative expenses increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2017 due primarily to the $24.8 million benefit recorded in Fiscal 2017 associated with the termination of the postretirement health care plan. The increase was partially offset by the reduction of amortization of definite-lived intangible assets and transaction-related expenses, both of which were driven by the Grand Design acquisition in Fiscal 2017.
Interest expense increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2017, which was related to the ABL and Term Loan agreements associated with the acquisition of Grand Design. See Analysis of Financial Condition, Liquidity, and Resources and Note 9 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.
The overall effective income tax rate for the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 was 28.2% compared to the effective income tax rate of 33.9% for the first nine months of Fiscal 2017. The effective rate for the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 was favorably impacted by the enactment of the Tax Act. This decrease was primarily due to the decrease in the Federal rate as a result of the Tax Act, which was partially offset by the associated remeasurement of our deferred tax assets.

Net income and diluted income per share increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2017 primarily due to the increased gross profit rate and the lower effective income tax rate. These increases were partially offset by an increase in the SG&A rate.

Non-GAAP Reconciliation

The following table reconciles net income to consolidated EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the nine months ended May 26, 2018 and May 27, 2017.
  Nine Months Ended
(In thousands) May 26,
2018
 May 27,
2017
Net income $72,567
 $46,407
Interest expense 13,871
 11,571
Provision for income taxes 28,478
 23,794
Depreciation 6,679
 5,287
Amortization of intangible assets 5,921
 22,578
EBITDA 127,516
 109,637
Postretirement health care benefit income 
 (24,796)
Transaction costs 850
 6,374
Non-operating income (212) (137)
Adjusted EBITDA $128,154
 $91,078

Segment Results of Operations
The following is an analysis of key changes in our Motorized segment:
Motorized         
(In thousands, except units) Nine Months Ended
  May 26,
2018
% of
Revenue
 May 27,
2017
% of
Revenue
 Increase
(Decrease)
%
Change
Net revenues $641,602
  $635,732
  $5,870
0.9 %
Adjusted EBITDA 16,518
2.6% 36,521
5.7% (20,003)(54.8)%
          
Unit deliveries May 26,
2018
Product
Mix %(1)
 May 27,
2017
Product
Mix %(1)
 
Increase
(Decrease)
%
Change
Class A 2,326
32.8% 2,263
32.8% 63
2.8 %
Class B 1,387
19.6% 1,148
16.6% 239
20.8 %
Class C 3,372
47.6% 3,488
50.6% (116)(3.3)%
Total motorhomes 7,085
100.0% 6,899
100.0% 186
2.7 %
          
Motorhome ASP $88,728
  $91,162
  $(2,434)(2.7)%
          
     As Of  
Backlog(2)
    May 26,
2018
May 27,
2017
 Increase
%
Change
Units    2,155
1,640
 515
31.4 %
Dollars    $193,079
$141,998
 $51,081
36.0 %
          
Dealer Inventory         
Units    4,750
4,670
 80
1.7 %
(1)Percentages may not add due to rounding differences.
(2)We include in our backlog all accepted orders from dealers to generally be shipped within the next six months. Orders in backlog can be cancelled or postponed at the option of the dealer at any time without penalty and, therefore, backlog may not necessarily be an accurate measure of future sales.


Motorized net revenues increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 as compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2017 primarily due to an increase in the number of units sold.

Motorized unit deliveries grew slower than recent industry growth in the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2017. Our overall Motorized market share moved from 17.0% to 16.2% when comparing shipments during the twelve-month trailing periods ended April 2017 and April 2018 due to a mix change from our Class C products to our Class B and entry-level Class A products.

Motorized segment Adjusted EBITDA decreased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 as compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2017 due to costs associated with ongoing expenses related to the ramp-up of our West Coast production facility and costs associated with new product start-up.

The following is an analysis of key changes in our Towable segment:
Towable         
(In thousands, except units) Nine Months Ended
  May 26,
2018
% of
Revenue
 May 27,
2017
% of
Revenue
 Increase
%
Change
Net revenues $839,039
  $456,451
  $382,588
83.8%
Adjusted EBITDA 111,636
13.3% 54,557
12.0% 57,079
104.6%
          
Unit deliveries May 26,
2018
Product
Mix %(1)
 May 27,
2017
Product
Mix %(1)
 Increase
%
Change
Travel trailer 16,495
61.3% 8,914
59.9% 7,581
85.0%
Fifth wheel 10,428
38.7% 5,960
40.1% 4,468
75.0%
Total towables 26,923
100.0% 14,874
100.0% 12,049
81.0%
          
Towables ASP $31,361
  $30,877
  $484
1.6%
          
     As Of  
Backlog(2)
    May 26,
2018
May 27,
2017
 Increase
%
Change
Units    9,968
8,657
 1,311
15.1%
Dollars    $313,513
$269,965
 $43,548
16.1%
          
Dealer Inventory         
Units    15,986
9,520
 6,466
67.9%
(1)Percentages may not add due to rounding differences.
(2)We include in our backlog all accepted orders from dealers to generally be shipped within the next six months. Orders in backlog can be cancelled or postponed at the option of the dealer at any time without penalty and, therefore, backlog may not necessarily be an accurate measure of future sales.

Towable net revenues increased in the first nine monthsof Fiscal 2018 as compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2017 primarily due to the Fiscal 2017 acquisition of Grand Design in November 2016 and organic volume growth.

Towable unit deliveries grew in the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 as compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2017 primarily due to Towable growth in excess of recent industry trends and due to the acquisition of Grand Design. With the addition of Grand Design in the first quarter of Fiscal 2017, our Towable market share increased from 3.1% to 6.7% when comparing shipments during the twelve-month trailing periods ended April 2017 and April 2018.

Towable segment Adjusted EBITDA increased in the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 as compared to the first nine months of Fiscal 2017 due to the favorable impact of organic growth. We achieved strong results in our Towable segment, where shipments grew much faster than the industry as a result of greater penetration of our new products and further expansion of our distribution base, as well as higher gross profit from cost savings initiatives.


Analysis of Financial Condition, Liquidity and Resources
Cash and cash equivalents decreased during the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 and totaled $39.0 million as of May 26, 2018. Significant liquidity events that occurred during the first nine months of Fiscal 2018 were:
Generated net income of $72.6 million
Total borrowings at May 26, 2018 were $260.0 million, and we have an additional $125.0 million available to borrow under the revolving credit agreement, subject to sufficient borrowing base
Net repayment of $24.0 million of debt ($43.7 million repayments less $19.7 million borrowings)
Increase in payables of $24.5 million partially offset by increases in receivables, prepaid and other assets of $21.3 million
Increase in inventory of $36.4 million

As described in Note 9 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, our Credit Agreement at May 26, 2018 consisted of a $300.0 million Term Loan and a $125.0 million ABL with JPMorgan Chase.

We filed a registration statement on Form S-3, which was declared effective by the SEC on April 25, 2016. Subject to market conditions, we have the ability to offer and sell up to $35.0 million of our common stock in one or more offerings pursuant to the registration statement. The registration statement will be available for three years from its effective date. We currently have no plans to offer and sell the common stock registered under the registration statement; however, it does provide another potential source of liquidity to raise capital if we need it, in addition to other alternatives already in place.

Working capital at May 26, 2018 and August 26, 2017 was $183.4 million and $147.0 million, respectively. We currently expect cash on hand, funds generated from operations, and the borrowing available under our Credit Agreement to be sufficient to cover both short-term and long-term operating requirements. We will continue to invest in our current motorhome facilities and our ERP system as well as expand our Towable facilities.

We repurchase our common stock and pay dividends pursuant to programs approved by our Board of Directors. Our long-term capital allocation strategy is to first fund operations and investments in growth and then return excess cash over time to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases.
On December 19, 2007, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of outstanding shares of our common stock, depending on market conditions, for an aggregate consideration of up to $60 million. On October 18, 2017, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program in the amount of $70.0 million. There is no time restriction on either authorization. During the first nine months of Fiscal 2018, we repurchased 134,803 shares of our common stock at a cost of $5.0 million. An additional 33,560 shares of our common stock at a cost of $1.5 million were repurchased to satisfy tax obligations on employee equity awards as they vested. Repurchased shares are retired and constitute authorized but unissued shares. We continually evaluate if share repurchases reflect a prudent use of our capital and, subject to compliance with our Credit Agreement, we may purchase shares in the remainder of Fiscal 2018. At May 26, 2018, we have $66.0 million remaining on our board repurchase authorization. See Part II, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q.
The following table summarizes our cash flows from total operations for the nine months ended May 26, 2018 and May 27, 2017:
  Nine Months Ended
(In thousands) May 26, 2018 May 27, 2017
Total cash provided by (used in):    
Operating activities $61,012
 $67,350
Investing activities (17,890) (403,531)
Financing activities (40,038) 274,967
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents $3,084
 $(61,214)
Operating Activities
Cash provided by operating activities decreased for the nine months ended May 26, 2018 due to an increase in inventory, partially offset by growth in net income.
Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended May 26, 2018 consisted primarily of capital expenditures related to the capacity expansions taking place in our Towable segment. In the nine months ended May 27, 2017, cash used in investing activities consisted of the acquisition of Grand Design for which we paid cash of $394.7 million, net of cash acquired, in addition to issuing Winnebago stock with a value of $124.1 million at closing.

Financing Activities
Cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended May 26, 2018 consisted of payments on the Credit Agreement, dividends payments, and share repurchases; these were partially offset by cash proceeds on the Credit Agreement. Cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended May 27, 2017 consisted of cash proceeds from the Credit Agreement of $366.4 million, partially offset by payments on the Credit Agreement of $69.4 million, $11.0 million for the payment of debt issuance costs, and $9.6 million for the payment of dividends.

Significant Accounting Policies
We describe our significant accounting policies in Note 1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 26, 2017. We discuss our critical accounting estimates in Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 26, 2017. We refer to these disclosures for a detailed explanation of our significant accounting policies and critical accounting estimates. There has been no significant change in our significant accounting policies or critical accounting estimates since the end of Fiscal 2017, except as disclosed in Note 1 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Interest rate risk

We are exposed to market risks related to fluctuations in interest rates on the outstanding variable rate debt. As of May 26, 2018, we had $260.0 million outstanding under our Term Loan, subject to variable interest rates. This risk is partially mitigated through an interest rate swap contract as detailed below.

Under terms of the Credit Agreement, we were previously required to maintain interest rate swaps to manage our interest rate exposure related to the variable component of interest cost on the Term Loan. In accordance with this requirement, we entered into an interest swap contract on January 23, 2017, to effectively convert $200.0 million of the Term Loan balance to a fixed rate. The notional amount of the swap reduced to $170.0 million on December 8, 2017 and will be reduced to $120.0 million on December 10, 2018 and $60.0 million on December 9, 2019. The swap contract expires on December 8, 2020. A hypothetical one percentage point increase in interest rates on the Term Loan would increase our interest expense (after consideration of the interest rate swap) for 2018 by approximately $0.9 million. Due to the floor of 1.0% on LIBOR for the Term Loan, a 1.0% decrease could only decrease to the floor for the variable rate, resulting in a decrease in interest expense (after consideration of the interest rate swap) for Fiscal 2018 of $0.9 million.  As discussed in Note 5: Derivatives, Investments and Fair Value Measurements, the requirement to hedge a portion of the Term Loan floating rate interest exposure was removed through an amendment to the ABL.

For variable rate debt, interest rate changes generally do not affect the fair value of the debt instrument, but do impact future earnings and cash flows, assuming other factors are held constant.Risk.

Derivative instruments are accounted for at fair valueThere have been no material changes in accordance with ASC Topic 815,our primary risk exposures or management of market risks from those previously disclosed in Part II, Item 7A, DerivativesQuantitative and HedgingQualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, and have been designatedof our Annual Report on Form 10-K for hedge accounting. The fair value of the interest rate swap is based on observable market data (Level 2) and was $2.1 million as of May 26,fiscal year ended August 25, 2018. The interest rate swap requires us to pay interest at a fixed rate of 1.82% through the December 8, 2020 expiration of the swap. A 1.0% increase in the interest rate would have changed the fair value of the swap as of May 26, 2018 by approximately $2.5 million and a 1.0% decrease would have changed the fair value by $2.6 million. These increases and decreases would be recorded in OCI and the hedged value on our consolidated balance sheet (currently recorded within other non-current liabilities).  While these are our best estimates of the impact of the specified interest rate scenario, actual results could differ from those projected. The sensitivity analysis presented assumes interest rate changes are instantaneous, parallel shifts in the yield curve. In reality, interest rate changes of this magnitude are rarely instantaneous or parallel.


Item 4. Controls and ProceduresProcedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain "disclosure controls and procedures", as such term is defined under Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended ("Exchange Act") Rule 13a-15(e), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SECSecurities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Management necessarily applied its judgment in assessing the costs and benefits of such controls and procedures and believes that such controls and procedures are effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, required by Exchange Act Rule

13a-15(b), as of the end of the period covered by this report (the "Evaluation Date"). Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the Evaluation Date.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We are implementing an ERP system, which is expected to improve the efficiency of certain financial and related transaction processes. The implementation of an ERP system will likely affect the processes that constitute our internal control over financial reporting and will require testing for effectiveness.  As we have completed implementation of certain phases of the ERP, internal controls over financial reporting have been tested for effectiveness with respect to the scope of the phase completed.  We concluded, as part of our evaluation described in the above paragraphs, that the implementation of ERP in these circumstances has not materially affected our internal control over financial reporting. The implementation is continuing in a phased approach and will continue to be evaluated for effect on our internal control over financial reporting.

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the third quarter of Fiscal 20182019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


PART II. OTHER INFORMATIONINFORMATION.

Item 1. Legal ProceedingsProceedings.
We are involved in variousFor a description of our legal proceedings, that are ordinary litigation incidentalsee Note 11, Contingent Liabilities and Commitments, of the Notes to our business, some of which are coveredCondensed Consolidated Financial Statements, included in whole or in part by insurance. While we believe the ultimate disposition of litigation will not have material adverse effectthis Quarterly Report on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity, there exists the possibility that such litigation may have an impact on our results for a particular reporting period in which litigation effects become probable and reasonably estimable.  Though we do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change related to these matters, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties and management’s view of these matters may change in the future.Form 10-Q.

Item 1A. Risk FactorsFactors.

There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 26, 2017.25, 2018.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of ProceedsProceeds.
(c) Stock Repurchases
Purchases of our common stock during each fiscal month of the third quarter of Fiscal 20182019 were:
Period 
Total Number of Shares Purchased(1)

Average Price Paid per Share 
Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs(1)
 
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs(2)
02/25/18 - 03/31/18 
 $
 
 $70,989,000
04/01/18 - 04/28/18 134,803
 $37.09
 134,803
 $65,989,000
04/29/18 - 05/26/18 
 $
 
 $65,989,000
Total 134,803
 $37.09
 134,803
 $65,989,000
Period
Total Number of Shares Purchased(1)

Average Price Paid per Share 
Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs(1)
 
Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs(2)
02/24/19 - 03/30/19
 $
 
 $60,682,000
03/31/19 - 04/27/1917,813
 $36.42
 
 $60,682,000
04/28/19 - 05/25/1913,746
 $33.10
 12,729
 $60,262,000
Total31,559
 $34.97
 12,729
 $60,262,000
(1)
Shares not purchased as part of a publicly announced program were repurchased from employees who vested in Company shares and elected to pay their payroll tax via the value of shares delivered as opposed to cash.
(2)Pursuant to a combined $130.0 million share repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors. On December 18,19, 2007, $60.0 million was approved, and on October 18, 2017, $70.0 million was approved. There is no time restriction on either authorization.
 
Our Credit Agreement, as defined in Note 9, Long-Term Debt, of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 1, Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, contains restrictions that may limit our ability to make distributions or payments with respect to purchases of our common stock without consent of the lenders, except for limited purchases of our common stock from employees, in the event of a significant reduction in our EBITDA or in the event of a significant borrowing on our ABL.asset-based revolving credit agreement.

Item 6. ExhibitsExhibits.
  
101.INS*XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definitions Linkbase Document
101.LAB*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
*Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are the following financial statements from our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 26, 201825, 2019 formatted in XBRL: (i) the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income, (ii) the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iii) the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (iv) the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Statement of Equity, and (v) related notesNotes to these financial statements. Such exhibits are deemed furnished and not filed pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T.Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
  WINNEBAGO INDUSTRIES, INC. 
     
Date:June 21, 201820, 2019By/s/ Michael J. Happe 
   Michael J. Happe 
   Chief Executive Officer, President 
   (Principal Executive Officer) 
     
Date:June 21, 201820, 2019By/s/ Bryan L. Hughes 
   Bryan L. Hughes 
   Vice President, Chief Financial Officer 
   (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) 


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