UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

___________________________________

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☑			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 1-6003

_____________________________________________

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware						36-1063330
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1415 West 22nd Street, Oak Brook, Illinois

(Address of principal executive offices)

60523

(Zip code)

(630) 954-2000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

_____________________________________________

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share	FSS	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☑

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

As of ~~April~~June 30, 2022, the number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock was ~~60,611,816.~~60,626,682.

Table of Contents

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page
PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the ~~Three~~ Three and Six Months Ended MaJune r ~~ch 31~~30 , ~~202~~2 2022 and 2 ~~021~~2021	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Six Months Ended ~~Mar~~chJune 3 10 , ~~202~~2 2022 and 2021	3
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of Ma ~~rch~~June 3 10 , ~~202~~2 2022 and December 31, 20 212021	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the ~~Three~~Six Months Ended Ma r chJune 3 10 , ~~202~~2 2022 and 20 212021	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended ~~Mar~~chJune 3 10 , ~~202~~2 2022 and 20 212021	6
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	78
	Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	7
	~~Note~~ 2 ~~– Revenue Recognition~~	8
	Note 3 2 – ~~Inventories~~Revenue Recognition	9
	Note 4 3 – ~~Debt~~	9

	~~Note~~ 5 ~~– Income Taxes~~Inventories	10
	Note 6 4 – ~~Pensions~~Debt	10

	Note 7 5 – ~~Commitments and Contingencies~~Income Taxes	11
	Note 8 6 – ~~Earnings Per Share~~Pensions	1612
	Note 9 7 – ~~Stockholders’ Equity~~Commitments and Contingencies	1712
	Note 1 0 8 – ~~Segment Information~~Earnings Per Share	18
	Note 19 – Stockholders’ Equity	118
	Note 10 – Segment Information	21
	Note 11 – Fair Value Measurements	1921

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2124
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	2733
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	2733

PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	2834
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	2834
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	2834
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	2834
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	2834
Item 5.	Other Information	2834
Item 6.	Exhibits	2935

SIGNATURE		3036

Table of Contents

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”) is being filed by Federal Signal Corporation and its subsidiaries (referred to collectively as the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” herein, unless the context otherwise indicates) with the United States (“U.S.”) Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), and includes comments made by management that may contain words such as “may,” “will,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “estimate” and “objective” or similar terminology, or the negative thereof, concerning the Company’s future financial performance, business strategy, plans, goals and objectives. These expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include information concerning the Company’s possible or assumed future performance or results of operations and are not guarantees. While these statements are based on assumptions and judgments that management has made in light of industry experience as well as perceptions of historical trends, current conditions, expected future developments and other factors believed to be appropriate under the circumstances, they are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause the Company’s actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different.

These risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond the Company’s control, include the risk factors described under Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, which was filed with the SEC on March 1, 2022. These factors may not constitute all factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in any forward-looking statement. The Company operates in a continually changing business environment and new factors emerge from time to time, including, for example, the ongoing coronavirus pandemic and the government response to the pandemic. The Company cannot predict such factors, nor can it assess the impact, if any, of such factors on its results of operations, financial condition or cash flow. Accordingly, forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as a predictor of actual results. The Company disclaims any responsibility to update any forward-looking statement provided in this Form 10-Q.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

The Company is subject to the reporting and information requirements of the Exchange Act and, as a result, is obligated to file Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and other reports and information with the SEC, as well as amendments to those reports. The Company makes these filings available free of charge through our website at www.federalsignal.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such materials are filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. Information on our website does not constitute part of this Form 10-Q. In addition, the SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically.

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited).

FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)


		Three Months Ended March 31,					Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	(in millions, except per share data)	2022		2021		(in millions, except per share data)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net sales	Net sales	$	330.2	$	278.8	Net sales	$	366.7	$	334.7	$	696.9	$	613.5
Cost of sales	Cost of sales	254.5		210.0		Cost of sales	276.9		253.1		531.4		463.1
Gross profit	Gross profit	75.7		68.8		Gross profit	89.8		81.6		165.5		150.4
Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses	Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses	43.6		38.2		Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses	42.1		40.0		85.7		78.2
Amortization expense	Amortization expense	3.3		2.6		Amortization expense	3.2		2.8		6.5		5.4
Acquisition and integration-related expenses		0.3		0.2
Acquisition and integration-related (benefits) expenses						Acquisition and integration-related (benefits) expenses	(1.7)		0.3		(1.4)		0.5

Operating income	Operating income	28.5		27.8		Operating income	46.2		38.5		74.7		66.3
Interest expense	Interest expense	1.3		1.1		Interest expense	1.9		1.1		3.2		2.2

Other income, net	Other income, net	(0.4)		(0.5)		Other income, net	(0.3)		(0.3)		(0.7)		(0.8)
Income before income taxes	Income before income taxes	27.6		27.2		Income before income taxes	44.6		37.7		72.2		64.9
Income tax expense	Income tax expense	7.1		5.0		Income tax expense	11.1		8.0		18.2		13.0

Net income	Net income	$	20.5	$	22.2	Net income	$	33.5	$	29.7	$	54.0	$	51.9
Earnings per share:	Earnings per share:					Earnings per share:

Basic	Basic	$	0.34	$	0.37	Basic	$	0.55	$	0.49	$	0.89	$	0.85

Diluted	Diluted	0.33		0.36		Diluted	0.55		0.48		0.88		$	0.84
Weighted average common shares outstanding:	Weighted average common shares outstanding:					Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic	Basic	60.7		60.6		Basic	60.4		60.9		60.6		60.8
Diluted	Diluted	61.4		61.7		Diluted	60.9		61.8		61.1		61.8

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2022		2021			(in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net income	Net income	$	20.5	$	22.2		Net income	$	33.5	$	29.7	$	54.0	$	51.9
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Other comprehensive (loss) income:							Other comprehensive (loss) income:
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	(1.6)		(1.2)			Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	(8.6)		2.0		(10.2)		0.8
Change in unrecognized net actuarial loss and prior service cost related to pension benefit plans, net of income tax expense of $0.4 and $0.2, respectively		1.0		0.7
Change in unrealized gain or loss on interest rate swaps, net of income tax expense of $0.7 and $0.3, respectively		2.1		0.8
Total other comprehensive income		1.5		0.3
Change in unrecognized net actuarial loss and prior service cost related to pension benefit plans, net of income tax expense of $0.1, $0.3, $0.5 and $0.5, respectively							Change in unrecognized net actuarial loss and prior service cost related to pension benefit plans, net of income tax expense of $0.1, $0.3, $0.5 and $0.5, respectively	2.1		1.0		3.1		1.7
Change in unrealized gain or loss on interest rate swaps, net of income tax expense of $0.1, $0.0, $0.8 and $0.3, respectively							Change in unrealized gain or loss on interest rate swaps, net of income tax expense of $0.1, $0.0, $0.8 and $0.3, respectively	0.2		—		2.3		0.8
Total other comprehensive (loss) income							Total other comprehensive (loss) income	(6.3)		3.0		(4.8)		3.3
Comprehensive income	Comprehensive income	$	22.0	$	22.5		Comprehensive income	$	27.2	$	32.7	$	49.2	$	55.2

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS


		March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021			June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
(in millions, except per share data)	(in millions, except per share data)	(Unaudited)				(in millions, except per share data)	(Unaudited)
ASSETS	ASSETS					ASSETS
Current assets:	Current assets:					Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	39.2	$	40.5	Cash and cash equivalents	$	31.2	$	40.5
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $2.6 and $2.1, respectively		156.4		136.0
Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $2.4 and $2.1, respectively						Accounts receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts of $2.4 and $2.1, respectively	169.9		136.0
Inventories	Inventories	249.7		229.1		Inventories	259.6		229.1
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	Prepaid expenses and other current assets	18.9		25.4		Prepaid expenses and other current assets	19.2		25.4

Total current assets	Total current assets	464.2		431.0		Total current assets	479.9		431.0
Properties and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $155.6 and $151.6, respectively		170.4		141.9
Rental equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $45.3 and $43.8, respectively		111.0		108.4
Properties and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $159.1 and $151.6, respectively						Properties and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $159.1 and $151.6, respectively	172.2		141.9
Rental equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $43.8 and $43.8, respectively						Rental equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $43.8 and $43.8, respectively	111.6		108.4
Operating lease right-of-use assets	Operating lease right-of-use assets	25.3		29.8		Operating lease right-of-use assets	26.7		29.8
Goodwill	Goodwill	431.3		432.2		Goodwill	430.7		432.2
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $45.9 and $42.7, respectively		203.6		205.7
Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $49.1 and $42.7, respectively						Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $49.1 and $42.7, respectively	203.4		205.7
Deferred tax assets	Deferred tax assets	8.1		8.4		Deferred tax assets	7.7		8.4
Other long-term assets	Other long-term assets	11.2		8.7		Other long-term assets	11.6		8.7

Total assets	Total assets	$	1,425.1	$	1,366.1	Total assets	$	1,443.8	$	1,366.1
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY					LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:	Current liabilities:					Current liabilities:

Current portion of long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations	Current portion of long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations	$	0.5	$	0.6	Current portion of long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations	$	0.7	$	0.6
Accounts payable	Accounts payable	80.7		64.8		Accounts payable	77.9		64.8
Customer deposits	Customer deposits	28.5		21.9		Customer deposits	23.6		21.9

Accrued liabilities:	Accrued liabilities:					Accrued liabilities:
Compensation and withholding taxes	Compensation and withholding taxes	24.2		29.9		Compensation and withholding taxes	28.9		29.9
Current operating lease liabilities	Current operating lease liabilities	6.3		8.8		Current operating lease liabilities	6.7		8.8
Other current liabilities	Other current liabilities	41.3		44.4		Other current liabilities	41.9		44.4

Total current liabilities	Total current liabilities	181.5		170.4		Total current liabilities	179.7		170.4
Long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations	Long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations	329.2		282.2		Long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations	326.1		282.2
Long-term operating lease liabilities	Long-term operating lease liabilities	19.7		22.1		Long-term operating lease liabilities	20.7		22.1
Long-term pension and other postretirement benefit liabilities	Long-term pension and other postretirement benefit liabilities	38.9		40.4		Long-term pension and other postretirement benefit liabilities	36.6		40.4

Deferred tax liabilities	Deferred tax liabilities	54.5		53.2		Deferred tax liabilities	57.7		53.2
Other long-term liabilities	Other long-term liabilities	13.5		13.8		Other long-term liabilities	13.9		13.8

Total liabilities	Total liabilities	637.3		582.1		Total liabilities	634.7		582.1
Stockholders’ equity:	Stockholders’ equity:					Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, $1 par value per share, 90.0 shares authorized, 69.1 and 68.9 shares issued, respectively		69.1		68.9
Common stock, $1 par value per share, 90.0 shares authorized, 69.2 and 68.9 shares issued, respectively						Common stock, $1 par value per share, 90.0 shares authorized, 69.2 and 68.9 shares issued, respectively	69.2		68.9
Capital in excess of par value	Capital in excess of par value	259.3		256.7		Capital in excess of par value	262.4		256.7
Retained earnings	Retained earnings	698.6		683.6		Retained earnings	726.7		683.6
Treasury stock, at cost, 8.5 and 8.0 shares, respectively		(166.5)		(151.0)
Treasury stock, at cost, 8.6 and 8.0 shares, respectively						Treasury stock, at cost, 8.6 and 8.0 shares, respectively	(170.2)		(151.0)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(72.7)		(74.2)		Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(79.0)		(74.2)
Total stockholders’ equity	Total stockholders’ equity	787.8		784.0		Total stockholders’ equity	809.1		784.0
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,425.1	$	1,366.1	Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,443.8	$	1,366.1

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)


		Three Months Ended March 31,					Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2022		2021		(in millions)	2022		2021
Operating activities:	Operating activities:					Operating activities:
Net income	Net income	$	20.5	$	22.2	Net income	$	54.0	$	51.9
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:	Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:					Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization	Depreciation and amortization	13.4		12.2		Depreciation and amortization	27.1		24.8

Stock-based compensation expense	Stock-based compensation expense	2.4		1.3		Stock-based compensation expense	5.4		3.8

Deferred income taxes	Deferred income taxes	0.3		0.5		Deferred income taxes	3.2		—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities	Changes in operating assets and liabilities	(29.6)		(10.2)		Changes in operating assets and liabilities	(67.3)		(41.2)

Net cash provided by operating activities	Net cash provided by operating activities	7.0		26.0		Net cash provided by operating activities	22.4		39.3
Investing activities:	Investing activities:					Investing activities:
Purchases of properties and equipment	Purchases of properties and equipment	(33.7)		(4.3)		Purchases of properties and equipment	(41.5)		(9.3)

Payments for acquisition-related activity, net of cash acquired	Payments for acquisition-related activity, net of cash acquired	(1.0)		(52.2)		Payments for acquisition-related activity, net of cash acquired	(5.9)		(52.2)

Other, net	Other, net	0.4		0.1		Other, net	1.4		0.2

Net cash used for investing activities	Net cash used for investing activities	(34.3)		(56.4)		Net cash used for investing activities	(46.0)		(61.3)
Financing activities:	Financing activities:					Financing activities:
Increase in revolving lines of credit, net	Increase in revolving lines of credit, net	46.8		10.1		Increase in revolving lines of credit, net	44.1		10.0

Purchases of treasury stock	Purchases of treasury stock	(13.6)		—		Purchases of treasury stock	(16.1)		(0.2)
Redemptions of common stock to satisfy withholding taxes related to stock-based compensation	Redemptions of common stock to satisfy withholding taxes related to stock-based compensation	(1.5)		(4.0)		Redemptions of common stock to satisfy withholding taxes related to stock-based compensation	(2.5)		(7.7)

Cash dividends paid to stockholders	Cash dividends paid to stockholders	(5.5)		(5.5)		Cash dividends paid to stockholders	(10.9)		(11.0)
Proceeds from stock-based compensation activity	Proceeds from stock-based compensation activity	—		3.3		Proceeds from stock-based compensation activity	0.1		3.8

Other, net	Other, net	(0.1)		0.1		Other, net	0.2		0.1

Net cash provided by financing activities		26.1		4.0
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities						Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities	14.9		(5.0)
Effects of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	Effects of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(0.1)		(0.5)		Effects of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(0.6)		(0.2)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents	Decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(1.3)		(26.9)		Decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(9.3)		(27.2)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	40.5		81.7		Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	40.5		81.7
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	39.2	$	54.8	Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	31.2	$	54.5

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)


		Three Months Ended March 31, 2022													Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
(in millions)	(in millions)	Common Stock		Capital in Excess of Par Value		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total		(in millions)	Common Stock		Capital in Excess of Par Value		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total
Balance at January 1, 2022		$	68.9	$	256.7	$	683.6	$	(151.0)	$	(74.2)	$	784.0
Balance at April 1, 2022														Balance at April 1, 2022	$	69.1	$	259.3	$	698.6	$	(166.5)	$	(72.7)	$	787.8
Net income	Net income					20.5						20.5		Net income					33.5						33.5
Total other comprehensive income										1.5		1.5
Total other comprehensive loss														Total other comprehensive loss									(6.3)		(6.3)
Cash dividends declared ($0.09 per share)	Cash dividends declared ($0.09 per share)					(5.5)						(5.5)		Cash dividends declared ($0.09 per share)					(5.4)						(5.4)
Stock-based payments:	Stock-based payments:													Stock-based payments:
Stock-based compensation	Stock-based compensation			2.4								2.4		Stock-based compensation			2.3								2.3
Stock option exercises and other	Stock option exercises and other	0.1		0.3				(0.6)				(0.2)		Stock option exercises and other	0.1		0.8				(1.2)				(0.3)
Performance share unit transactions		0.1		(0.1)				(1.3)				(1.3)

Stock repurchase program	Stock repurchase program							(13.6)				(13.6)		Stock repurchase program							(2.5)				(2.5)
Balance at March 31, 2022		$	69.1	$	259.3	$	698.6	$	(166.5)	$	(72.7)	$	787.8
Balance at June 30, 2022														Balance at June 30, 2022	$	69.2	$	262.4	$	726.7	$	(170.2)	$	(79.0)	$	809.1


		Three Months Ended March 31, 2021													Three Months Ended June 30, 2021
(in millions)	(in millions)	Common Stock		Capital in Excess of Par Value		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total		(in millions)	Common Stock		Capital in Excess of Par Value		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total
Balance at January 1, 2021		$	67.8	$	240.8	$	605.0	$	(119.8)	$	(91.7)	$	702.1
Balance at April 1, 2021														Balance at April 1, 2021	$	68.4	$	245.2	$	621.7	$	(124.3)	$	(91.4)	$	719.6
Net income	Net income					22.2						22.2		Net income					29.7						29.7
Total other comprehensive income	Total other comprehensive income									0.3		0.3		Total other comprehensive income									3.0		3.0
Cash dividends declared ($0.09 per share)	Cash dividends declared ($0.09 per share)					(5.5)						(5.5)		Cash dividends declared ($0.09 per share)					(5.5)						(5.5)

Stock-based payments:	Stock-based payments:													Stock-based payments:
Stock-based compensation	Stock-based compensation			1.3								1.3		Stock-based compensation			1.9								1.9
Stock option exercises and other	Stock option exercises and other	0.4		3.3				(0.7)				3.0		Stock option exercises and other	0.3		2.5				(5.3)				(2.5)
Performance share unit transactions		0.2		(0.2)				(3.8)				(3.8)

Balance at March 31, 2021		$	68.4	$	245.2	$	621.7	$	(124.3)	$	(91.4)	$	719.6
Stock repurchase program														Stock repurchase program							(0.2)				(0.2)
Balance at June 30, 2021														Balance at June 30, 2021	$	68.7	$	249.6	$	645.9	$	(129.8)	$	(88.4)	$	746.0


	Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
(in millions)	Common Stock		Capital in Excess of Par Value		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total
Balance at January 1, 2022	$	68.9��	$	256.7	$	683.6	$	(151.0)	$	(74.2)	$	784.0
Net income					54.0						54.0
Total other comprehensive loss									(4.8)		(4.8)
Cash dividends declared ($0.18 per share)					(10.9)						(10.9)
Stock-based payments:
Stock-based compensation			4.7								4.7
Stock option exercises and other	0.2		1.1				(1.8)				(0.5)
Performance share unit transactions	0.1		(0.1)				(1.3)				(1.3)
Stock repurchase program							(16.1)				(16.1)
Balance at June 30, 2022	$	69.2	$	262.4	$	726.7	$	(170.2)	$	(79.0)	$	809.1

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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	Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
(in millions)	Common Stock		Capital in Excess of Par Value		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total
Balance at January 1, 2021	$	67.8	$	240.8	$	605.0	$	(119.8)	$	(91.7)	$	702.1
Net income					51.9						51.9
Total other comprehensive income									3.3		3.3
Cash dividends declared ($0.18 per share)					(11.0)						(11.0)
Stock-based payments:
Stock-based compensation			3.2								3.2
Stock option exercises and other	0.7		5.8				(6.0)				0.5
Performance share unit transactions	0.2		(0.2)				(3.8)				(3.8)
Stock repurchase program							(0.2)				(0.2)
Balance at June 30, 2021	$	68.7	$	249.6	$	645.9	$	(129.8)	$	(88.4)	$	746.0

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Organization and Description of the Business

Federal Signal Corporation was founded in 1901 and was reincorporated as a Delaware corporation in 1969. References herein to the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us” refer collectively to Federal Signal Corporation and its subsidiaries.

Products manufactured and services rendered by the Company are divided into 2 reportable segments: Environmental Solutions Group and Safety and Security Systems Group. The individual operating businesses are organized as such because they share certain characteristics, including technology, marketing, distribution and product application, which create long-term synergies. These segments are discussed in Note 10 – Segment Information.

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements represent the consolidation of Federal Signal Corporation and its subsidiaries included herein and have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States (“U.S.”) Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations, although the Company believes that the disclosures presented herein are adequate to ensure the information presented is not misleading. Except as otherwise noted, these condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Company’s accounting policies described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, and should be read in conjunction with those consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto.

These condensed consolidated financial statements include all normal and recurring adjustments that we considered necessary to present a fair statement of our results of operations, financial condition and cash flow. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. During the current year, the Company is separately presenting Amortization expense on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Accordingly, prior-year amounts have been reclassified from Selling, engineering, general and administrative (“SEG&A”) expenses to conform to current-year presentation.

The results reported in these condensed consolidated financial statements should not be regarded as necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year, which may differ materially due to, among other things, the risk factors described under Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, which was filed with the SEC on March 1, 2022. While we label our quarterly information using a calendar convention whereby our first, second and third quarters are labeled as ending on March 31, June 30 and September 30, respectively, it is our longstanding practice to establish interim quarterly closing dates based on a 13-week period ending on a Saturday, with our fiscal year ending on December 31. The effects of this practice are not material and exist only within a reporting year.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Accounting Changes

In October 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805), Accounting for Contract Assets and Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires an acquirer to recognize and measure contract assets and liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) rather than adjust them to fair value at the acquisition date. This ASU, which is applied on a prospective basis, is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and early adoption is permitted. The Company early adopted this ASU effective January 1, 2022, and the guidance will be applied on a prospective basis to future business combinations, as applicable.

There are no new accounting pronouncements issued, but not yet adopted, that are expected to have a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, financial position or cash flow.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect (i) the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, (ii) the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and (iii) the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

Significant Accounting Policies

There have been no changes to the Company’s significant accounting policies as disclosed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

NOTE 2 – REVENUE RECOGNITION

The following table presents the Company’s Net sales disaggregated by geographic region, based on the location of the end customer, and by major product line:


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2022		2021			(in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Geographic Region:	Geographic Region:						Geographic Region:
U.S.	U.S.	$	264.4	$	215.5		U.S.	$	299.8	$	243.7	$	564.2	$	459.2
Canada	Canada	42.3		40.6			Canada	44.0		66.1		86.3		106.7
Europe/Other	Europe/Other	23.5		22.7			Europe/Other	22.9		24.9		46.4		47.6
Total net sales	Total net sales	$	330.2	$	278.8		Total net sales	$	366.7	$	334.7	$	696.9	$	613.5
Major Product Line:	Major Product Line:						Major Product Line:
Environmental Solutions	Environmental Solutions						Environmental Solutions
Vehicles and equipment (a)	Vehicles and equipment (a)	$	217.4	$	179.0		Vehicles and equipment (a)	$	235.8	$	213.7	$	453.2	$	392.7
Parts	Parts	40.8		35.7			Parts	45.1		39.5		85.9		75.2
Rental income (b)	Rental income (b)	9.7		7.5			Rental income (b)	16.1		13.2		25.8		20.7
Other (c)	Other (c)	6.3		5.9			Other (c)	9.3		14.9		15.6		20.8
Total	Total	274.2		228.1			Total	306.3		281.3		580.5		509.4
Safety and Security Systems	Safety and Security Systems						Safety and Security Systems
Public safety and security equipment	Public safety and security equipment	36.1		31.3			Public safety and security equipment	37.5		32.1		73.6		63.4
Industrial signaling equipment	Industrial signaling equipment	14.2		13.4			Industrial signaling equipment	15.1		14.3		29.3		27.7
Warning systems	Warning systems	5.7		6.0			Warning systems	7.8		7.0		13.5		13.0

Total	Total	56.0		50.7			Total	60.4		53.4		116.4		104.1
Total net sales	Total net sales	$	330.2	$	278.8		Total net sales	$	366.7	$	334.7	$	696.9	$	613.5

(a) Includes net sales from the sale of new and used vehicles and equipment, including sales of rental equipment.

(b) Represents income from vehicle and equipment lease arrangements with customers.

(c) Primarily includes revenues from services, such as maintenance and repair work, and the sale of extended warranty contracts.

Contract Balances

The Company recognizes contract liabilities when cash payments, such as customer deposits, are received in advance of the Company’s satisfaction of the related performance obligations. Contract liabilities are recognized as Net sales when the related performance obligations are satisfied, which generally occurs within three to six months of the cash receipt. Contract liability balances are not materially impacted by any other factors. The Company’s contract liabilities were ~~$32.0~~$27.0 million and $25.3 million as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Contract assets, such as unbilled receivables, were not material as of any of the periods presented herein.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

NOTE 3 – INVENTORIES

The following table summarizes the components of Inventories:


(in millions)	(in millions)	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		(in millions)	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Finished goods	Finished goods	$	94.9	$	87.9	Finished goods	$	92.3	$	87.9
Raw materials	Raw materials	126.9		116.4		Raw materials	136.4		116.4
Work in process	Work in process	27.9		24.8		Work in process	30.9		24.8
Total inventories	Total inventories	$	249.7	$	229.1	Total inventories	$	259.6	$	229.1

NOTE 4 – DEBT

The following table summarizes the components of Long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations:


(in millions)	(in millions)	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		(in millions)	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021

2019 Credit Agreement (a)	2019 Credit Agreement (a)	$	327.8	$	280.7	2019 Credit Agreement (a)	$	324.5	$	280.7
Finance lease obligations	Finance lease obligations	1.9		2.1		Finance lease obligations	2.3		2.1
Total long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations, including current portion	Total long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations, including current portion	329.7		282.8		Total long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations, including current portion	326.8		282.8

Less: Current finance lease obligations	Less: Current finance lease obligations	0.5		0.6		Less: Current finance lease obligations	0.7		0.6
Total long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations	Total long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations	$	329.2	$	282.2	Total long-term borrowings and finance lease obligations	$	326.1	$	282.2

(a) Defined as the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated July 30, 2019, as amended.

As more fully described within Note 11 – Fair Value Measurements, the Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The fair value of long-term debt is based on interest rates that we believe are currently available to us for issuance of debt with similar terms and remaining maturities (Level 2 input).

The following table summarizes the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s long-term borrowings:


		March 31, 2022				December 31, 2021					June 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
(in millions)	(in millions)	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value		(in millions)	Notional Amount		Fair Value		Notional Amount		Fair Value

Long-term borrowings (a)	Long-term borrowings (a)	$	329.7	$	329.7	$	282.8	$	282.8	Long-term borrowings (a)	$	326.8	$	326.8	$	282.8	$	282.8

(a) Long-term borrowings includes current finance lease obligations of ~~$0.5~~$0.7 million and $0.6 million as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

Borrowings under the 2019 Credit Agreement bear interest, at the Company’s option, at a base rate or a Eurocurrency or SONIA daily rate (as each is defined in the 2019 Credit Agreement), plus, in each case, an applicable margin. The applicable margin ranges from zero to 0.75% for base rate borrowings and 1.00% to 1.75% for Eurocurrency or SONIA daily rate borrowings. The Company must also pay a commitment fee to the lenders ranging between 0.10% to 0.25% per annum on the unused portion of the $500 million revolving credit facility along with other standard fees. Letter of credit fees are payable on outstanding letters of credit in an amount equal to the applicable Eurocurrency or SONIA daily rate margin plus other customary fees.

The Company is subject to certain net leverage ratio and interest coverage ratio financial covenants under the 2019 Credit Agreement that are to be measured at each fiscal quarter-end. The Company was in compliance with all such covenants as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022.

As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, there was ~~$327.8~~$324.5 million of cash drawn and $9.8 million of undrawn letters of credit under the 2019 Credit Agreement, with ~~$162.4~~$165.7 million of net availability for borrowings. As of December 31, 2021, there was $280.7 million cash drawn and $10.1 million of undrawn letters of credit under the 2019 Credit Agreement, with $209.2 million of net availability for borrowings.

910

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the gross borrowings and gross payments under the Company’s revolving credit facilities:


		Three Months Ended March 31,					Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2022		2021		(in millions)	2022		2021
Gross borrowings	Gross borrowings	$	55.0	$	45.0	Gross borrowings	$	67.0	$	109.0
Gross payments	Gross payments	8.2		34.9		Gross payments	22.9		99.0

Interest Rate Swap

On October 2, 2019, the Company entered into an interest rate swap (the “Swap”) with a notional amount of $75.0 million, as a means of fixing the floating interest rate component on $75.0 million of its variable-rate debt. The Swap is designated as a cash flow hedge, with a maturity date of July 30, 2024.

As a result of the application of hedge accounting treatment, all unrealized gains and losses related to the derivative instrument are recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss and are reclassified into operations in the same period in which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Hedge effectiveness is assessed quarterly. The Company does not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

The fair value of the Company’s interest rate swaps is derived from a discounted cash flow analysis based on the terms of the contract and the interest rate curve (Level 2 inputs) and measured on a recurring basis in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

At ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, the fair value of the Swap was an asset of ~~$2.2~~$2.4 million, which was included in Other long-term assets on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. At December 31, 2021, the fair value of the Swap was a liability of $0.7 million, which was included in Other long-term liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. During the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, ~~and 2021,~~ unrealized pre-tax gains of ~~$2.9~~$0.2 million and ~~$1.1~~$3.1 million, respectively, were recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss. During the three months ended June 30, 2021, no unrealized pre-tax gain or loss was recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, whereas during the six months ended June 30, 2021, an unrealized pre-tax gain of $1.1 million was recorded. No ineffectiveness was recorded in either period.

NOTE 5 – INCOME TAXES

For the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, the Company recognized income tax expense of ~~$7.1~~$11.1 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of ~~25.7%~~24.9%. For the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, the Company recognized income tax expense of ~~$5.0~~$8.0 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of ~~18.4%~~21.2%. The Company’s income tax expense and effective tax rate in the ~~prior-year~~current-year quarter were ~~lower~~higher primarily due to ~~the recognition of $1.8~~increased pre-tax income and a $1.5 million ofreduction in excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation ~~activity.~~activity compared to the prior-year quarter.

For the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized income tax expense of $18.2 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 25.2%. For the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized income tax expense of $13.0 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of 20.0%. The Company’s income tax expense and effective tax rate in the current-year period were higher primarily due to increased pre-tax income and a $3.4 million reduction in excess tax benefits associated with stock-based compensation activity compared to the prior-year period.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

NOTE 6 – PENSIONS

The following table summarizes the components of Net periodic pension benefit:


		U.S. Benefit Plan				Non-U.S. Benefit Plan		U.S. Benefit Plan							Non-U.S. Benefit Plan
		Three Months Ended March 31,					Three Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended June 30,		Six Months Ended June 30,				Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2022		2021					2022		2021			(in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021		2022		2021
Service cost	Service cost	$	—	$	—				$	—	$	0.1		Service cost	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	0.1
Interest cost	Interest cost	1.1		1.2					0.2		0.2			Interest cost	1.0		1.2		2.1		2.4		0.2		0.1		0.4		0.3
Amortization of actuarial loss	Amortization of actuarial loss	0.5		1.0					0.2		0.2			Amortization of actuarial loss	0.6		0.9		1.1		1.9		0.1		0.2		0.3		0.4

Amortization of prior service cost														Amortization of prior service cost	—		—		—		—		0.1		0.1		0.1		0.1
Expected return on plan assets	Expected return on plan assets	(1.7)		(2.4)					(0.5)		(0.5)			Expected return on plan assets	(1.8)		(2.4)		(3.5)		(4.8)		(0.5)		(0.5)		(1.0)		(1.0)
Net periodic pension benefit	Net periodic pension benefit	$	(0.1)	$	(0.2)				$	(0.1)	$	—		Net periodic pension benefit	$	(0.2)	$	(0.3)	$	(0.3)	$	(0.5)	$	(0.1)	$	(0.1)	$	(0.2)	$	(0.1)

The items that comprise Net periodic pension benefit, other than service cost, are included as a component of Other income, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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~~FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

NOTE 7 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Financial Commitments

The Company provides indemnifications and other guarantees in the ordinary course of business, the terms of which range in duration and often are not explicitly defined. Specifically, the Company is occasionally required to provide letters of credit and bid and performance bonds to various customers, principally to act as security for retention levels related to casualty insurance policies and to guarantee the performance of subsidiaries that engage in export and domestic transactions. At ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, the Company had outstanding performance and financial standby letters of credit, as well as outstanding bid and performance bonds, aggregating to ~~$37.0~~$34.1 million. If any such letters of credit or bonds are called, the Company would be obligated to reimburse the issuer of the letter of credit or bond. The Company believes the likelihood of any currently outstanding letter of credit or bond being called is remote.

The Company has transactions involving the sale of equipment to certain of its customers which include (i) guarantees to repurchase the equipment for a fixed price at a future date and (ii) guarantees to repurchase the equipment from the third-party lender in the event of default by the customer. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, both the single year and maximum potential cash payments the Company could be required to make to repurchase equipment under these agreements amounted to $2.6 million. The Company’s risk under these repurchase arrangements would be partially mitigated by the value of the products repurchased as part of the transaction. Historical cash requirements and losses associated with these obligations have not been significant but could increase if customer defaults exceed current expectations.

The Company has certain lease agreements for facilities owned by affiliates which include provisions requiring the Company to guarantee any remaining lease payments in the event of default. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, the total amount of future payments guaranteed under these agreements was approximately ~~$1.6~~$1.4 million. The Company believes the likelihood of defaulting on these leases is remote.

Product Warranties

The Company issues product performance warranties to customers with the sale of its products. The specific terms and conditions of these warranties vary depending upon the product sold and country in which the Company does business, with warranty periods generally ranging from one to five years. The Company estimates the costs that may be incurred under its basic limited warranty and records a liability in the amount of such costs at the time the sale of the related product is recognized. Factors that affect the Company’s warranty liability include (i) the number of units under warranty, (ii) historical and anticipated rates of warranty claims and (iii) costs per claim. The Company periodically assesses the adequacy of its recorded warranty liabilities and adjusts the amounts as necessary.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s warranty liabilities during the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 and 2021:


(in millions)	(in millions)	2022		2021		(in millions)	2022		2021
Balance at January 1	Balance at January 1	$	9.7	$	10.2	Balance at January 1	$	9.7	$	10.2
Provisions to expense	Provisions to expense	1.4		1.6		Provisions to expense	3.5		3.5

Acquisitions						Acquisitions	—		0.2
Payments	Payments	(1.8)		(2.4)		Payments	(3.9)		(4.3)
Balance at March 31		$	9.3	$	9.4
Balance at June 30						Balance at June 30	$	9.3	$	9.6

Legal Proceedings

The Company is subject to various claims, including pending and possible legal actions for product liability and other damages, and other matters arising in the ordinary course of the Company’s business. On a quarterly basis, the Company reviews uninsured material legal claims against the Company and accrues for the costs of such claims as appropriate in the exercise of management’s best judgment and experience. However, due to a lack of factual information available to the Company about a claim, or the procedural stage of a claim, it may not be possible for the Company to reasonably assess either the probability of a favorable or unfavorable outcome of the claim or to reasonably estimate the amount of loss should there be an unfavorable outcome. Therefore, for many claims, the Company cannot reasonably estimate a range of loss.

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~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

The Company believes, based on current knowledge and after consultation with counsel, that the outcome of such claims and actions will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial condition. However, in the event of unexpected future developments, it is possible that the ultimate resolution of such matters, if unfavorable, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, financial condition or cash flow.

Hearing Loss Litigation

The Company has been sued for monetary damages by firefighters who claim that exposure to the Company’s sirens has impaired their hearing and that the sirens are therefore defective. There were 33 cases filed during the period of 1999 through 2004, involving a total of 2,443 plaintiffs, in the Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois. These cases involved more than 1,800 firefighter plaintiffs from locations outside of Chicago. In 2009, 6 additional cases were filed in Cook County, involving 299 Pennsylvania firefighter plaintiffs. During 2013, another case was filed in Cook County involving 74 Pennsylvania firefighter plaintiffs.

The trial of the first 27 of these plaintiffs’ claims occurred in 2008, whereby a Cook County jury returned a unanimous verdict in favor of the Company.

An additional 40 Chicago firefighter plaintiffs were selected for trial in 2009. Plaintiffs’ counsel later moved to reduce the number of plaintiffs from 40 to 9. The trial for these 9 plaintiffs concluded with a verdict against the Company and for the plaintiffs in varying amounts totaling $0.4 million. The Company appealed this verdict. On September 13, 2012, the Illinois Appellate Court rejected this appeal. The Company thereafter filed a petition for rehearing with the Illinois Appellate Court, which was denied on February 7, 2013. The Company sought further review by filing a petition for leave to appeal with the Illinois Supreme Court on March 14, 2013. On May 29, 2013, the Illinois Supreme Court issued a summary order declining to accept review of this case. On July 1, 2013, the Company satisfied the judgments entered for these plaintiffs, which resulted in final dismissal of these cases.

A third consolidated trial involving 8 Chicago firefighter plaintiffs occurred during November 2011. The jury returned a unanimous verdict in favor of the Company at the conclusion of this trial.

Following this trial, on March 12, 2012 the trial court entered an order certifying a class of the remaining Chicago Fire Department firefighter plaintiffs for trial on the sole issue of whether the Company’s sirens were defective and unreasonably dangerous. The Company petitioned the Illinois Appellate Court for interlocutory appeal of this ruling. On May 17, 2012, the Illinois Appellate Court accepted the Company’s petition. On June 8, 2012, plaintiffs moved to dismiss the appeal, agreeing with the Company that the trial court had erred in certifying a class action trial in this matter. Pursuant to plaintiffs’ motion, the Illinois Appellate Court reversed the trial court’s certification order.

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(Unaudited)

Thereafter, the trial court scheduled a fourth consolidated trial involving 3 firefighter plaintiffs, which began in December 2012. Prior to the start of this trial, the claims of 2 of the 3 firefighter plaintiffs were dismissed. On December 17, 2012, the jury entered a complete defense verdict for the Company.

Following this defense verdict, plaintiffs again moved to certify a class of Chicago Fire Department plaintiffs for trial on the sole issue of whether the Company’s sirens were defective and unreasonably dangerous. Over the Company’s objection, the trial court granted plaintiffs’ motion for class certification on March 11, 2013 and scheduled a class action trial to begin on June 10, 2013. The Company filed a petition for review with the Illinois Appellate Court on March 29, 2013 seeking reversal of the class certification order.

On June 25, 2014, a unanimous three-judge panel of the First District Illinois Appellate Court issued its opinion reversing the class certification order of the trial court. Specifically, the Appellate Court determined that the trial court’s ruling failed to satisfy the class-action requirements that the common issues of the firefighters’ claims predominate over the individual issues and that there is an adequate representative for the class. During a status hearing on October 8, 2014, plaintiffs represented to the Court that they would again seek to certify a class of firefighters on the issue of whether the Company’s sirens were defective and unreasonably dangerous. On January 12, 2015, plaintiffs filed motions to amend their complaints to add class action allegations with respect to Chicago firefighter plaintiffs, as well as the approximately 1,800 firefighter plaintiffs from locations outside of Chicago. On March 11, 2015, the trial court granted plaintiffs’ motions to amend their complaints. On April 24, 2015, the cases were transferred to Cook County chancery court to decide the class certification issues. On March 23, 2018, plaintiffs filed a motion to certify as a class all firefighters from the Chicago Fire Department who have filed lawsuits in this matter. The Company objected to certification and the parties engaged in discovery and other matters related to this motion.

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Thereafter, on December 20, 2021, the parties executed a settlement agreement to resolve claims of approximately 462 firefighters still involved in the Cook County litigation, as well as the DuPage County litigation discussed below.Under the terms of the settlement agreement, the Company ~~has~~ agreed to pay a lump sum of $0.2 million to resolve the claims of these firefighters. The estimated settlement amount was accrued by the Company. The Company ~~has~~ agreed to pay this lump sum amount based upon its assessment of firefighters who meet minimalbilateralhearinglossstandards,whichisasubsetofthelargergroupreferencedabove.Thesettlementagreement~~does~~ did not require the payment of any attorney fees by the Company. The settlement agreement also ~~provides~~provided that plaintiffs’ attorney ~~will~~would withdraw from representing firefighters who do not agree to the settlement.The Company ~~has~~had discretion to void the settlement agreement if less than 93% of these firefighters ~~agree~~agreed to settle their claims; the settlement agreement ~~will~~would also be voided if less than 70% of eligible firefighters ~~agree~~agreed to the settlement.The settlement agreement iswas subject to review and approval by the Court. In July 2022, the Company issued the $0.2 million settlement payment for eligible plaintiffs who submitted a release. Other eligible plaintiffs may appear in court on August 5, 2022, with new counsel or their cases will be dismissed for want of prosecution.

The Company also filed motions to dismiss cases involving firefighters who worked for fire departments located outside of the State of Illinois based on improper venue. On February 24, 2017, the Circuit Court of Cook County entered orders dismissing the cases of 1,770 such firefighter plaintiffs from the jurisdiction of the State of Illinois. Pursuant to these orders, these plaintiffs had six months thereafter to refile their cases in jurisdictions where these firefighters are located. Prior to this six-month deadline, attorneys representing some of these plaintiffs contacted the Company regarding possible settlement of their cases. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company entered into a global settlement agreement with two attorneys who represented approximately 1,090 of these plaintiffs. Under the terms of the settlement agreement, the Company offered $700 per plaintiff to settle these cases and 717 plaintiffs accepted this offer as a final settlement. The settlement agreement did not require the payment of any attorney fees by the Company. The attorneys representing these plaintiffs agreed to withdraw from representing plaintiffs who did not respond to the settlement offer. It is the Company’s position that the non-settling plaintiffs who failed to timely refile their cases following the February 2017 dismissal by the Circuit Court of Cook County are now barred from doing so by the statute of limitations. The Company filed a venue motion seeking to transfer to DuPage County cases involving 10 plaintiffs who reside and work in Illinois but outside of Cook County. The Court granted this motion on June 28, 2017.

The Company was also sued on this issue outside of the Cook County, Illinois venue. Between 2007 and 2009, a total of 71 lawsuits involving 71 plaintiffs were filed in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. NaN of these cases were dismissed pursuant to pretrial motions filed by the Company. Another case was voluntarily dismissed. Prior to trial in 4 cases, the Company paid nominal sums to obtain dismissals.

NaN trials occurred in Philadelphia involving these cases filed in 2007 through 2009. The first trial involving 1 of these plaintiffs occurred in 2010, when the jury returned a verdict for the plaintiff. The jury found that the Company’s siren was not

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defectively designed, but that the Company negligently constructed the siren. The jury awarded damages in the amount of less than $0.1 million. The Company appealed this verdict. Another trial, involving 9 Philadelphia firefighter plaintiffs, also occurred in 2010 when the jury returned a defense verdict for the Company as to all claims and all plaintiffs involved in that trial. The third trial, also involving 9 Philadelphia firefighter plaintiffs, was completed during 2010 when the jury returned a defense verdict for the Company as to all claims and all plaintiffs involved in that trial.

Following defense verdicts in the last 2 Philadelphia trials, the Company negotiated settlements with respect to all remaining filed cases in Philadelphia at that time, as well as other firefighter claimants represented by the attorney who filed the Philadelphia cases. On January 4, 2011, the Company entered into a Global Settlement Agreement (the “Settlement Agreement”) with the law firm of the attorney representing the Philadelphia claimants, on behalf of 1,125 claimants the firm represented (the “Claimants”) and who had asserted product claims against the Company (the “Claims”). NaN of the Claimants had lawsuits pending against the Company in Cook County, Illinois.

The Settlement Agreement provided that the Company pay a total amount of $3.8 million (the “Settlement Payment”) to settle the Claims (including the costs, fees and other expenses of the law firm in connection with its representation of the Claimants), subject to certain terms, conditions and procedures set forth in the Settlement Agreement. In order for the Company to be required to make the Settlement Payment: (i) each Claimant who agreed to settle his or her claims had to sign a release acceptable to the Company (a “Release”), (ii) each Claimant who agreed to the settlement and who was a plaintiff in a lawsuit, had to dismiss his or her lawsuit with prejudice, (iii) by April 29, 2011, at least 93% of the Claimants identified in the Settlement Agreement must have agreed to settle their claims and provide a signed Release to the Company and (iv) the law firm had to withdraw from representing any Claimants who did not agree to the settlement, including those who filed lawsuits. If the conditions to the settlement were met, but less than 100% of the Claimants agreed to settle their Claims and sign a Release, the Settlement Payment would be reduced by the percentage of Claimants who did not agree to the settlement.

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On April 22, 2011, the Company confirmed that the terms and conditions of the Settlement Agreement had been met and made a payment of $3.6 million to conclude the settlement. The amount was based upon the Company’s receipt of 1,069 signed releases provided by Claimants, which was 95% of all Claimants identified in the Settlement Agreement.

The Company generally denies the allegations made in the claims and lawsuits by the Claimants and denies that its products caused any injuries to the Claimants. Nonetheless, the Company entered into the Settlement Agreement for the purpose of minimizing its expenses, including legal fees, and avoiding the inconvenience, uncertainty and distraction of the claims and lawsuits.

During April through October 2012, 20 new cases were filed in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. These cases were filed on behalf of 20 Philadelphia firefighters and involved various defendants in addition to the Company. NaN of these cases were subsequently dismissed. The first trial involving these 2012 Philadelphia cases occurred during December 2014 and involved 3 firefighter plaintiffs. The jury returned a verdict in favor of the Company. Following this trial, all of the parties agreed to settle cases involving 7 firefighter plaintiffs set for trial during January 2015 for nominal amounts per plaintiff.

In January 2015, plaintiffs’ attorneys filed 2 new complaints in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on behalf of approximately 70 additional firefighter plaintiffs. The vast majority of the firefighters identified in these complaints were located outside of Pennsylvania. NaN of the complaints in these cases, which involved 11 firefighter plaintiffs from the District of Columbia, was removed to federal court in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Plaintiffs voluntarily dismissed all claims in this case on May 31, 2016. The Company thereafter moved to recover various fees and costs in this case, asserting that plaintiffs’ counsel failed to properly investigate these claims prior to filing suit. The Court granted this motion on April 25, 2017, awarding $0.1 million to the Company (the “Order”). After plaintiffs appealed this Order, the United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit affirmed the lower court decision awarding fees and costs to the Company.

With respect to claims of other out-of-state firefighters involved in these 2 cases, the Company moved to dismiss these claims as improperly filed in Pennsylvania. The Court granted this motion and dismissed these claims on November 5, 2015. During August through December 2015, another 9 new cases were filed in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania. These cases involved a total of 193 firefighters, most of whom were located outside of Pennsylvania. The Company again moved to dismiss all claims filed by out-of-state firefighters in these cases as improperly filed in Pennsylvania. On May 24, 2016, the Court granted this motion and dismissed these claims. Plaintiffs appealed this decision and, on September 25, 2018, the appellate court reversed this dismissal. The Company then filed a petition with the appellate court requesting that the court reconsider its ruling. On December 7, 2018, the appellate court granted the Company’s petition

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and withdrew its prior decision. On June 25, 2020, the Court issued a decision affirming the trial court’s dismissal of these cases with prejudice.

On May 13, 2016, 4 new cases were filed in Philadelphia state court, involving a total of 55 Philadelphia firefighters who live in Pennsylvania. During August 2016, the Company settled a case for nominal amounts involving 4 Philadelphia firefighters that had been set for trial in Philadelphia state court during September 2016. During 2017, plaintiffs filed additional cases in the Court of Common Pleas, Philadelphia County, involving over 100 Philadelphia firefighter plaintiffs. During January 2017, plaintiffs filed a motion to consolidate and bifurcate, similar to a motion filed in the Pittsburgh hearing loss cases, as described below. The Company filed an opposition to this motion. These cases were then transferred to the mass tort program in Philadelphia for pretrial purposes. Plaintiffs’ counsel thereafter dismissed several plaintiffs. During November 2017, a trial involving 1 Philadelphia firefighter occurred. The jury returned a verdict in favor of the Company in this trial. Prior to a dismissal of these cases pursuant to the Tolling Agreement, discussed below, there was a total of 75 firefighters involved in cases pending in the Philadelphia mass tort program.

During March 2014, an action also was brought in the Court of Common Pleas of Erie County, Pennsylvania on behalf of 61 firefighters. This case likewise involves various defendants in addition to the Company. After the Company filed pretrial motions, 33 Erie County firefighter plaintiffs voluntarily dismissed their claims. Prior to a dismissal of these cases pursuant to the Tolling Agreement, discussed below, there was a total of 28 firefighters involved in cases filed in Erie County.

During August 2017, 5 cases involving 70 firefighter plaintiffs were filed in Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania. These cases involve firefighter plaintiffs who originally filed in Cook County several years ago and were dismissed pursuant to the Company’s forum nonconveniens motion.

On September 17, 2014, 20 lawsuits, involving a total of 193 Buffalo Fire Department firefighters, were filed in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, Erie County. All of the cases filed in Erie County, New York were removed to federal court in

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the Western District of New York. Plaintiffs filed a motion to consolidate and bifurcate these cases, similar to the motion filed in the Pittsburgh hearing loss cases, as described below. The Company filed an opposition to the motion. During February 2015, a lawsuit involving 1 New York City firefighter plaintiff was filed in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, New York County. The plaintiff named the Company as well as several other parties as defendants. That case subsequently was transferred to federal court in the Northern District of New York and thereafter dismissed. During April 2015 through January 2016, 29 new cases involving a total of 235 firefighters were filed in various counties in the New York City area. During December 2016 through October 2017, additional cases were filed in these jurisdictions. On February 5, 2018, the Company was served with a complaint in an additional case filed in Kings County, New York. This case involved 1 plaintiff. Prior to a dismissal of these cases pursuant to the Tolling Agreement, discussed below, there was a total of 536 firefighters involved in cases filed in the State of New York.

During November 2015, the Company was served with a complaint filed in Union County, New Jersey state court, involving 34 New Jersey firefighters. This case was transferred to federal court in the District of New Jersey. During the period from January through May 2016, 8 additional cases were filed in various New Jersey state courts. Most of the firefighters in these cases resided in New Jersey and worked at New Jersey fire departments. During December 2016, a case involving 1 New Jersey firefighter was filed in the United States District Court of New Jersey. On May 2, 2017, plaintiffs filed a motion to consolidate and bifurcate in the pending federal court case in New Jersey. This motion was similar to bifurcation motions filed by plaintiffs in Pittsburgh, Buffalo and Philadelphia. The Court denied the motion as premature. Pursuant to a petition filed by both parties, all New Jersey state court cases were consolidated for pretrial purposes. Prior to a dismissal of these cases pursuant to the Tolling Agreement, discussed below, there was a total of 61 firefighters involved in cases filed in New Jersey.

During May through October 2016, 9 cases were filed in Suffolk County, Massachusetts state court, naming the Company as a defendant. These cases involved 194 firefighters who lived and worked in the Boston area. During August 2017, plaintiffs filed additional cases in Suffolk County court. The Company moved to transfer various cases filed in Suffolk County to other counties in Massachusetts where plaintiffs resided and worked. Prior to a dismissal of these cases pursuant to the Tolling Agreement, discussed below, there was a total of 218 firefighters involved in cases filed in Massachusetts.

During August and September 2017, plaintiffs’ attorneys filed additional hearing loss cases in Florida. The Company was the only named defendant. These cases were filed in several different counties in Florida, including Tampa, Miami and Orlando municipalities. Prior to a dismissal of these cases pursuant to the Tolling Agreement, discussed below, there was a total of 166 firefighters involved in cases filed in Florida.

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During April through July 2013, additional cases were filed in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania on behalf of 247 plaintiff firefighters from Pittsburgh and against various defendants, including the Company. During May 2016, 2 additional cases were filed against the Company in Allegheny County involving 19 Pittsburgh firefighters. After the Company filed pretrial motions, the Court dismissed claims of 55 Pittsburgh firefighter plaintiffs. The Court scheduled trials for May, September and November 2016, for 8 firefighters per trial. Prior to the first scheduled trial in Pittsburgh, the Court granted the Company’s motion for summary judgment and dismissed all claims asserted by plaintiff firefighters involved in this trial. Following an appeal by the plaintiff firefighters, the appellate court affirmed this dismissal. The next trial for 6 Pittsburgh firefighters started on November 7, 2016. Shortly after this trial began, plaintiffs’ counsel moved for a mistrial because a key witness suddenly became unavailable. The Court granted this motion and rescheduled this trial for March 6, 2017. During January 2017, plaintiffs also moved to consolidate and bifurcate trials involving Pittsburgh firefighters. In particular, plaintiffs sought one trial involving liability issues to apply to all Pittsburgh firefighters who filed suit against the Company. The Company filed an opposition to this motion. On April 18, 2017, the trial court granted plaintiffs’ motion to bifurcate the next Pittsburgh trial. Pursuant to a motion for clarification filed by the Company, the Court ruled that the bifurcation order would only apply to 6 plaintiffs who were part of the next trial group in Pittsburgh. The Company thereafter sought an interlocutory appeal of the Court’s bifurcation order. The appellate court declined to accept the appeal at that time. A bifurcated trial began on September 27, 2017 in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. Prior to and during trial, 2 plaintiffs were dismissed, resulting in 4 plaintiffs remaining for trial. After approximately two weeks of trial, the jury found that the Company’s siren product was not defective or unreasonably dangerous and rendered a verdict in favor of the Company.

A second trial involving Pittsburgh firefighters began during January 2018. At the outset of this trial, plaintiffs’ attorneys, who represent all firefighters who have filed cases in Allegheny County, Philadelphia, Buffalo, New Jersey, Massachusetts, and Florida, as described above, requested that the Company consider settlement of various cases. This trial was continued to allow the parties to further discuss possible settlement. During March 2018, the parties agreed in principle on a framework (the “Settlement Framework”) to resolve hearing loss claims and cases in all jurisdictions involved in the hearing loss litigation except in Cook County and Lackawanna County, and excluding 1 case involving 1 firefighter in New York City. The

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firefighters excluded from the Settlement Framework are represented by different attorneys. The Company ~~has agreed to settle~~settled the cases in Lackawanna County and settled the case involving 1one firefighter in New York City for nominal amounts. Pursuant to the Settlement Framework, the Company would pay $700 to each firefighter who filed a lawsuit and is eligible to be part of the settlement. The Company would pay $300 to each firefighter who has not yet filed a case and is eligible to be part of the settlement. The settlement agreement does not include the payment of any attorney fees by the Company. To be eligible for settlement, among other things, firefighters must provide proof that they have high frequency noise-induced hearing loss. There are approximately 3,700 firefighters whose claims may be considered as part of this settlement, including approximately 1,320 firefighters who have ongoing filed lawsuits. This Settlement Framework was finalized in a global settlement agreement executed on November 4, 2019. Pursuant to this global settlement agreement, the parties are now in the process of determining how many of the approximately 3,700 firefighters will be eligible to participate in the settlement. In order to minimize the parties’ respective legal costs and expenses during this settlement process, on July 5, 2018, the parties entered into a tolling agreement (the “Tolling Agreement”). Pursuant to the Tolling Agreement, counsel for the settling firefighters agreed to dismiss the pending lawsuits in all jurisdictions except for the Allegheny County (Pittsburgh), Pennsylvania cases, and the Company agreed to a tolling of any statute of limitations applicable to the dismissed cases. The Tolling Agreement continued in place until the parties executed the global settlement agreement on November 4, 2019. After execution of the global settlement agreement, the Allegheny County (Pittsburgh) cases were dismissed. The global settlement agreement requires plaintiffs’ attorneys to withdraw from representing firefighters who elect not to participate in this settlement.

As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, the Company has recognized an estimated liability for the potential settlement amount under the Settlement Framework. While it is reasonably possible that the ultimate resolution of this matter may result in a loss in excess of the amount accrued, the incremental loss is not expected to be material.

From 2007 through 2009, firefighters also brought hearing loss claims against the Company in New Jersey, Missouri, Maryland and Kings County, New York. All of those cases, however, were dismissed prior to trial, including 4 cases in the Supreme Court of Kings County, New York that were dismissed upon the Company’s motion in 2008. On appeal, the New York appellate court affirmed the trial court’s dismissal of these cases.

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NOTE 8 – EARNINGS PER SHARE

The Company computes earnings per share (“EPS”) in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 260, Earnings per Share, which requires that non-vested restricted stock containing non-forfeitable dividend rights should be treated as participating securities pursuant to the two-class method. Under the two-class method, net income is reduced by the amount of dividends declared in the period for common stock and participating securities. The remaining undistributed earnings are then allocated to common stock and participating securities as if all of the net income for the period had been distributed. The amounts of distributed and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 and 2021 were insignificant and did not materially impact the calculation of basic or diluted EPS.

Basic EPS is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and non-vested restricted stock awards outstanding for the period.

Diluted EPS is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock and non-vested restricted stock awards outstanding for the year, plus the effect of dilutive potential common shares outstanding during the period. The dilutive effect of common stock equivalents is determined using the more dilutive of the two-class method or alternative methods. The Company uses the treasury stock method to determine the potentially dilutive impact of our employee stock options and restricted stock units, and the contingently issuable method for our performance-based restricted stock unit awards.

For the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, options to purchase 0.3 million and 0.2 million shares, respectively, of the Company’s common stock had an anti-dilutive effect on EPS, and accordingly, were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. For both the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, options to purchase 0.2 million shares of the Company’s common stock had an anti-dilutive effect on EPS, and accordingly, were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. ~~For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the number of options to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock that had an anti-dilutive effect on EPS was immaterial.~~

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The following table reconciles Net income to basic and diluted EPS:


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	(in millions, except per share data)	2022		2021			(in millions, except per share data)	2022		2021		2022		2021

Net income	Net income	$	20.5	$	22.2		Net income	$	33.5	$	29.7	$	54.0	$	51.9
Weighted average shares outstanding – Basic	Weighted average shares outstanding – Basic	60.7		60.6			Weighted average shares outstanding – Basic	60.4		60.9		60.6		60.8
Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents	Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents	0.7		1.1			Dilutive effect of common stock equivalents	0.5		0.9		0.5		1.0
Weighted average shares outstanding – Diluted	Weighted average shares outstanding – Diluted	61.4		61.7			Weighted average shares outstanding – Diluted	60.9		61.8		61.1		61.8
Earnings per share:	Earnings per share:						Earnings per share:

Basic	Basic	$	0.34	$	0.37		Basic	$	0.55	$	0.49	$	0.89	$	0.85

Diluted	Diluted	0.33		0.36			Diluted	0.55		0.48		0.88		0.84

NOTE 9 – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Dividends

On February 18, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.09 per common share. The dividend totaled $5.5 million and was distributed on April 1, 2022 to stockholders of record at the close of business on March 18, 2022.

On April 26, 2022, the Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.09 per common ~~share payable~~share. The dividend totaled $5.4 million and was distributed on June 3, 2022 to stockholders of record at the close of business on May 20, 2022.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, dividends of $5.5 million and $11.0 million, respectively, were paid to stockholders.

On July 25, 2022, the Board declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.09 per common share payable on September 2, 2022 to stockholders of record at the close of business on August 19, 2022.

Stock Repurchase Program

In November 2014, the Board authorized a stock repurchase program of up to $75.0 million of the Company’s common stock. In March 2020, the Board authorized an additional stock repurchase program of up to $75.0 million of the Company’s common

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stock. The March 2020 program supplements the Board’s prior authorization under the November 2014 program, which remains in effect.

The stock repurchase programs are intended primarily to facilitate purchases of Company stock as a means to provide cash returns to stockholders, enhance stockholder returns and manage the Company’s capital structure. Under its stock repurchase programs, the Company is authorized to repurchase, from time to time, shares of its outstanding common stock. Stock repurchases by the Company are subject to market conditions and other factors and may be commenced, suspended or discontinued at any time.

During the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, the Company repurchased ~~395,370~~77,011 shares for a total of ~~$13.6~~$2.5 million under its stock repurchase programs. NoDuring the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company repurchased 472,381 shares ~~were repurchased~~for a total of $16.1 million under ~~the~~its stock repurchase ~~programs during~~programs.

During the three and six months ended ~~March 31, 2021.~~June 30, 2021, the Company repurchased 5,000 shares for a total of $0.2 million under its stock repurchase programs.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following tables summarize the changes in each component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax in the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 and 2021:


(in millions) (a)	(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses		Prior Service Costs		Foreign Currency Translation		Interest Rate Swaps		Total		(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses		Prior Service Costs		Foreign Currency Translation		Interest Rate Swaps		Total
Balance at January 1, 2022		$	(67.9)	$	(2.4)	$	(3.4)	$	(0.5)	$	(74.2)
Balance at April 1, 2022												Balance at April 1, 2022	$	(66.9)	$	(2.4)	$	(5.0)	$	1.6	$	(72.7)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	0.5		—		(1.6)		1.9		0.8		Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	1.3		0.2		(8.6)		0.1		(7.0)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	0.5		—		—		0.2		0.7		Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	0.5		0.1		—		0.1		0.7
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	1.0		—		(1.6)		2.1		1.5		Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	1.8		0.3		(8.6)		0.2		(6.3)
Balance at March 31, 2022		$	(66.9)	$	(2.4)	$	(5.0)	$	1.6	$	(72.7)
Balance at June 30, 2022												Balance at June 30, 2022	$	(65.1)	$	(2.1)	$	(13.6)	$	1.8	$	(79.0)


(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses		Prior Service Costs		Foreign Currency Translation		Interest Rate Swaps		Total
Balance at April 1, 2021	$	(87.5)	$	(2.6)	$	0.1	$	(1.4)	$	(91.4)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	0.1		—		2.0		(0.2)		1.9
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	0.8		0.1		—		0.2		1.1
Net current-period other comprehensive income	0.9		0.1		2.0		—		3.0
Balance at June 30, 2021	$	(86.6)	$	(2.5)	$	2.1	$	(1.4)	$	(88.4)

(a) Amounts in parentheses indicate losses.

The following tables summarize the changes in each component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax in the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:


(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses		Prior Service Costs		Foreign Currency Translation		Interest Rate Swaps		Total
Balance at January 1, 2022	$	(67.9)	$	(2.4)	$	(3.4)	$	(0.5)	$	(74.2)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	1.8		0.2		(10.2)		2.0		(6.2)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	1.0		0.1		—		0.3		1.4
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	2.8		0.3		(10.2)		2.3		(4.8)
Balance at June 30, 2022	$	(65.1)	$	(2.1)	$	(13.6)	$	1.8	$	(79.0)

1719

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(in millions) (a)	(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses		Prior Service Costs		Foreign Currency Translation		Interest Rate Swaps		Total		(in millions) (a)	Actuarial Losses		Prior Service Costs		Foreign Currency Translation		Interest Rate Swaps		Total
Balance at January 1, 2021	Balance at January 1, 2021	$	(88.2)	$	(2.6)	$	1.3	$	(2.2)	$	(91.7)	Balance at January 1, 2021	$	(88.2)	$	(2.6)	$	1.3	$	(2.2)	$	(91.7)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(0.2)		—		(1.2)		1.0		(0.4)		Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(0.1)		—		0.8		0.4		1.1
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	0.9		—		—		(0.2)		0.7		Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	1.7		0.1		—		0.4		2.2
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		0.7		—		(1.2)		0.8		0.3
Balance at March 31, 2021		$	(87.5)	$	(2.6)	$	0.1	$	(1.4)	$	(91.4)
Net current-period other comprehensive income												Net current-period other comprehensive income	1.6		0.1		0.8		0.8		3.3
Balance at June 30, 2021												Balance at June 30, 2021	$	(86.6)	$	(2.5)	$	2.1	$	(1.4)	$	(88.4)

(a) Amounts in parentheses indicate losses.

The following table summarizes the amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, in the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 and 2021 and the affected line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:


Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components	Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss				Affected Line Item in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations	Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss				Affected Line Item in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
		2022		2021				2022		2021
(in millions) (a)	(in millions) (a)						(in millions) (a)
Amortization of actuarial losses of defined benefit pension plans	Amortization of actuarial losses of defined benefit pension plans	$	(0.7)	$	(1.2)	Other income, net	Amortization of actuarial losses of defined benefit pension plans	$	(0.7)	$	(1.1)	Other income, net

Amortization of prior service costs of defined benefit pension plans							Amortization of prior service costs of defined benefit pension plans	(0.1)		(0.1)		Other income, net
Interest rate swaps	Interest rate swaps	(0.2)		0.2		Interest expense	Interest rate swaps	(0.1)		(0.3)		Interest expense
Total before tax	Total before tax	(0.9)		(1.0)			Total before tax	(0.9)		(1.5)
Income tax benefit	Income tax benefit	0.2		0.3		Income tax expense	Income tax benefit	0.2		0.4		Income tax expense
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	$	(0.7)	$	(0.7)		Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	$	(0.7)	$	(1.1)

(a) Amounts in parentheses indicate losses.

The following table summarizes the amounts reclassified from Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, in the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 and the affected line item in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:


Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Components	Amount Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss				Affected Line Item in Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
	2022		2021
(in millions) (a)
Amortization of actuarial losses of defined benefit pension plans	$	(1.4)	$	(2.3)	Other income, net
Amortization of prior service costs of defined benefit pension plans	(0.1)		(0.1)		Other income, net
Interest rate swaps	(0.3)		(0.5)		Interest expense
Total before tax	(1.8)		(2.9)
Income tax benefit	0.4		0.7		Income tax expense
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax	$	(1.4)	$	(2.2)

(a) Amounts in parentheses indicate losses.

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FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

NOTE 10 – SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company has 2 reportable segments: the Environmental Solutions Group and the Safety and Security Systems Group. Business units are organized under each reportable segment because they share certain characteristics, such as technology, marketing, distribution and product application, which create long-term synergies.

The following tables summarize the Company’s operations by segment, including Net sales, Operating income (loss), and Total assets:


		Three Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in millions)	(in millions)	2022		2021			(in millions)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net sales:	Net sales:						Net sales:
Environmental Solutions	Environmental Solutions	$	274.2	$	228.1		Environmental Solutions	$	306.3	$	281.3	$	580.5	$	509.4
Safety and Security Systems	Safety and Security Systems	56.0		50.7			Safety and Security Systems	60.4		53.4		116.4		104.1
Total net sales	Total net sales	$	330.2	$	278.8		Total net sales	$	366.7	$	334.7	$	696.9	$	613.5
Operating income (loss):	Operating income (loss):						Operating income (loss):
Environmental Solutions	Environmental Solutions	$	26.8	$	27.1		Environmental Solutions	$	39.1	$	38.5	$	65.9	$	65.6
Safety and Security Systems	Safety and Security Systems	7.9		7.2			Safety and Security Systems	10.3		7.8		18.2		15.0
Corporate and eliminations	Corporate and eliminations	(6.2)		(6.5)			Corporate and eliminations	(3.2)		(7.8)		(9.4)		(14.3)
Total operating income	Total operating income	28.5		27.8			Total operating income	46.2		38.5		74.7		66.3
Interest expense	Interest expense	1.3		1.1			Interest expense	1.9		1.1		3.2		2.2

Other income, net	Other income, net	(0.4)		(0.5)			Other income, net	(0.3)		(0.3)		(0.7)		(0.8)
Income before income taxes	Income before income taxes	$	27.6	$	27.2		Income before income taxes	$	44.6	$	37.7	$	72.2	$	64.9

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~~FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~


(in millions)	(in millions)	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		(in millions)	June 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Total assets:	Total assets:					Total assets:
Environmental Solutions	Environmental Solutions	$	1,129.6	$	1,098.2	Environmental Solutions	$	1,151.4	$	1,098.2
Safety and Security Systems	Safety and Security Systems	258.5		226.9		Safety and Security Systems	264.2		226.9
Corporate and eliminations	Corporate and eliminations	37.0		41.0		Corporate and eliminations	28.2		41.0

Total assets	Total assets	$	1,425.1	$	1,366.1	Total assets	$	1,443.8	$	1,366.1

NOTE 11 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. This hierarchy maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs. Observable inputs are developed based on market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s assumptions about valuation based on the best information available in the circumstances. The three levels of inputs are classified as follows:

•Level 1 — quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

•Level 2 — observable inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data; and

•Level 3 — unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including certain pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

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FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

In determining fair value, the Company uses various valuation approaches within the fair value measurement framework. The valuation methodologies used for the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value and their classification in the valuation hierarchy are summarized below.

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents primarily consist of time-based deposits and interest-bearing instruments with maturities of three months or less. The Company classified cash equivalents as Level 1 due to the short-term nature of these instruments and measured the fair value based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets.

Interest Rate Swaps

As described in Note 4 – Debt, the Company may, from time to time, execute interest rate swaps as a means of fixing the floating interest rate component on a portion of its floating-rate debt. The Company classifies its interest rate swaps as Level 2 due to the use of a discounted cash flow model based on the terms of the contract and the interest rate curve (Level 2 inputs) to calculate the fair value of the swaps.

Contingent Consideration

The Company has contingent obligations to transfer up to $15.5 million and $7.5 million to the former owners of Mark Rite Lines Equipment Company, Inc. (“MRL”) and Deist Industries, Inc. and certain of its affiliates (collectively, “Deist”), respectively, if specified financial results are met over future reporting periods (i.e., an earn-out). The MRL and Deist acquisitions were completed on July 1, 2019 and December 30, 2021, respectively. The contingent earn-out payments, if earned, would be due to be paid following the third anniversary of the closing of the respective acquisitions.

Liabilities for contingent consideration are measured at fair value each reporting period, with the acquisition-date fair value included as part of the consideration transferred. Subsequent changes in fair value are included as a component of Acquisition and integration-related (benefits) expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company uses an income approach to value the contingent consideration obligation based on the present value of risk-adjusted future cash flows under either a scenario-based or option-pricing method, as appropriate. Due to the lack of relevant observable market data over fair value inputs, such as prospective financial information or probabilities of future events as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, the Company has classified the contingent consideration liability within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy outlined in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements.

The following table summarizes the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2022:


	Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
(in millions)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents	$	0.1	$	—	$	—	$	0.1
Interest rate swap	—		2.4		—		2.4
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration	—		—		2.7		2.7

The following table provides a roll-forward of the fair value of recurring Level 3 fair value measurements in the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:


(in millions)	2022		2021
Contingent consideration liability, at April 1	$	2.7	$	4.2



Total losses included in earnings	—		—
Contingent consideration liability, at June 30	$	2.7	$	4.2

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FEDERAL SIGNAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (CONTINUED)

(Unaudited)

The following table ~~summarizes the Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2022:~~

Fair Value Measurement at Reporting Date Using
(in millions) Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets:
Cash equivalents $ 0.1 $ — $ — $ 0.1
Interest rate swap — 2.2 — 2.2
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration — — 2.7 2.7

~~The following table~~ provides a roll-forward of the fair value of recurring Level 3 fair value measurements in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 and 2021:


(in millions)	(in millions)	2022		2021		(in millions)	2022		2021
Contingent consideration liability, at January 1	Contingent consideration liability, at January 1	$	2.7	$	4.2	Contingent consideration liability, at January 1	$	2.7	$	4.2

Total losses included in earnings	Total losses included in earnings	—		—		Total losses included in earnings	—		—
Contingent consideration liability, at March 31		$	2.7	$	4.2
Contingent consideration liability, at June 30						Contingent consideration liability, at June 30	$	2.7	$	4.2

2023

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is designed to provide information that is supplemental to, and should be read together with, the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes contained in this Form 10-Q, as well as Federal Signal Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. References herein to the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us” refer collectively to Federal Signal Corporation and its subsidiaries. Information in MD&A is intended to assist the reader in obtaining an understanding of (i) the condensed consolidated financial statements, (ii) the Company’s business segments and how the results of those segments impact the Company’s results of operations and financial condition as a whole and (iii) how certain accounting principles affect the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company’s results for interim periods should not be regarded as necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year, which may differ materially due to, among other things, the risk factors described under Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, which was filed with the SEC on March 1, 2022.

Executive Summary

The Company is a leading global manufacturer and supplier of (i) vehicles and equipment for maintenance and infrastructure end-markets, including sewer cleaners, industrial vacuum loaders, vacuum- and hydro-excavation trucks (collectively, “safe-digging trucks”), street sweepers, road-marking and line-removal equipment, waterblasting equipment, dump truck bodies, trailers and metal extraction support equipment, and (ii) safety, security and communication equipment, such as lights, sirens and warning systems. In addition, we sell parts and provide service, repair, equipment rentals and training as part of a comprehensive aftermarket offering to our customer base. We operate 20 principal manufacturing facilities in five countries and provide products and integrated solutions to municipal, governmental, industrial and commercial customers in all regions of the world.

As described in Note 10 – Segment Information to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements, the Company’s business units are organized in two reportable segments: the Environmental Solutions Group and the Safety and Security Systems Group.

Coronavirus, Supply Chain and Market Update

During the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, customer demand for our product and service offerings continued at unprecedented levels, with ~~our~~orders received in the first ~~quarter orders~~half of ~~$453~~this year totaling $866 million, representing ~~the highest quarterly orders on record, surpassing the previous high that was established in the fourth quarter of 2021,~~a 16% year-over-year improvement and contributing to a record backlog of ~~$751~~$795 million as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022.

However, as we had anticipated, the direct and indirect effects of the ongoing coronavirus pandemic continued to impact our ability to maximize production levels during the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022. Specifically, the increased demand for our products combined with global supply chain disruptions have affected our ability to consistently obtain a sufficient quantity of raw materials and purchased components, including chassis and hydraulics, that are necessary to maximize the efficiency of our production processes and to deliver products to our customers. ~~With these supply chain challenges,~~In certain cases, we have made strategic investments to stock critical inventory components as they became available in order to maintain production flexibility and manage lead times. Over the last several quarters, we have also experienced increases in the cost of raw materials ~~such as steel,~~and purchased components, and have taken measures to mitigate the associated impacts, ~~such as~~including raising pricing on new orders and implementing price increases and ~~surcharges.~~ surcharges to orders in our backlog.

From a labor perspective, ~~the Company~~we experienced an escalated level of coronavirus-related absences at several locations early in the year, which improved as the first quarter progressed. Although coronavirus-related absences were relatively low during the second quarter, we are continuing to monitor case levels associated with emerging variants.

While we continue to work to mitigate these challenges as they arise, we cannot provide assurance that such efforts would continue to be successful in addressing a further significant deterioration in the global supply chain or any significant coronavirus resurgence, if applicable, which could impact our ability to service our customers, effectively roll out and realize price increases to offset the effects of commodity inflation and sustain our profit margins.

We continue to closely monitor the impact of the coronavirus pandemic, including emerging variants, on our business, including how it is affecting our employees, customers, supply chain and distribution network. The overall magnitude of the direct and indirect impact of the pandemic on our operating and financial results remains uncertain and will largely depend on the duration of the pandemic and the measures implemented in response, as well as the effect on our customers and suppliers.

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Operating Results

Net sales for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 increased by ~~$51.4~~$32.0 million, or ~~18%~~10%, compared to the prior-year quarter, inclusive of the effects of acquisitions and pricing actions. Our Environmental Solutions Group reported a net sales increase of ~~$46.1~~$25.0 million, or ~~20%~~9%, primarily due to a ~~$12.1~~$4.6 million improvement in aftermarket revenues and increases in sales of ~~safe-digging trucks, dump truck bodies,~~ metal extraction support equipment, dump truck bodies, sewer cleaners, and ~~trailers~~hoists of ~~$10.6~~$9.6 million, ~~$8.4~~$8.8 million, ~~$5.2~~$7.9 million, and ~~$3.2~~$4.9 million, respectively. Partially offsetting these improvements was a $12.0 million reduction in shipments of refuse trucks. Within our Safety and Security Systems Group, net sales increased by ~~$5.3~~$7.0 million, or ~~10%~~13%, primarily due to improvements in sales of public safety equipment, industrial signaling equipment, and warning systems of $6.8 million, $1.1 million, and $0.8 million, respectively, partially offset by a $1.7 million unfavorable foreign currency translation impact.

Net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $83.4 million, or 14%, compared to the prior-year period, inclusive of the effects of acquisitions and pricing actions. Our Environmental Solutions Group reported a net sales increase of $71.1 million, or 14%, primarily due to a ~~$5.5~~$16.7 million improvement in aftermarket revenues and increases in sales of dump truck bodies, metal extraction support equipment, safe-digging trucks, hoists, trailers, sewer cleaners, and industrial vacuum loaders of $17.2 million, $14.8 million, $9.9 million, $7.7 million, $5.7 million, $5.1 million and $5.1 million, respectively. Partially offsetting these improvements was a $10.3 million reduction in shipments of refuse trucks. Within our Safety and Security Systems Group, net sales increased by $12.3 million, or 12%, primarily due to improvements in sales of public safety ~~equipment.~~

~~Table~~equipment, industrial signaling equipment, and warning systems of ~~Contents~~

$12.3 million, $1.9 million, and $0.6 million, respectively, partially offset by a $2.6 million unfavorable foreign currency translation impact.

Operating income for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 increased by ~~$0.7~~$7.7 million, or 3%20%, compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily driven by the ~~$6.9~~$8.2 million improvement in gross profit and a $2.0 million increase in acquisition-related benefits, partially offset by the ~~$5.4~~$2.1 million increase in SEG&A expenses and a ~~$0.7~~$0.4 million increase in amortization expense. Consolidated operating margin for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 was ~~8.6%~~12.6%, compared to ~~10.0%~~11.5% in the prior-year quarter.

Operating income for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $8.4 million, or 13%, compared to the prior-year period, primarily driven by the $15.1 million improvement in gross profit and a $1.9 million increase in acquisition-related benefits, partially offset by the $7.5 million increase in SEG&A expenses and a $1.1 million increase in amortization expense. Consolidated operating margin for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was 10.7%, compared to 10.8% in the prior-year period.

Income before income taxes for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 increased by ~~$0.4~~$6.9 million, or 1%18%, compared to the prior-year quarter. The increase resulted from the higher operating income, partially offset by a ~~$0.2~~$0.8 million increase in interest expense.

Income before income taxes for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $7.3 million, or 11%, compared to the prior-year period. The increase resulted from the higher operating income, partially offset by a $1.0 million increase in interest expense and a $0.1 million ~~decrease~~reduction in other income.

Net income for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 ~~decreased~~increased by ~~$1.7~~$3.8 million compared to the prior-year quarter, largely due to ~~a $2.1 million increase in income tax expense, partially offset by~~ the aforementioned increase in income before ~~taxes.~~taxes, partially offset by a $3.1 million increase in income tax expense. The effective tax rate for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 was ~~25.7%~~24.9%, compared to ~~18.4%~~21.2% in the prior-year quarter.

Net income for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $2.1 million compared to the prior-year period, largely due to the aforementioned increase in income before taxes, partially offset by a $5.2 million increase in income tax expense. The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was 25.2%, compared to 20.0% in the prior-year period. We currently expect our full-year effective tax rate to be approximately 25%.

Total orders for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 were ~~$453~~$413 million, an increase of ~~$69~~$53 million, or ~~18%~~15%, as compared to the prior-year quarter. Our Environmental Solutions Group reported total orders of ~~$388~~$352 million in the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, an increase of ~~$63~~$52 million, or ~~20%~~17%, in comparison to the prior-year quarter. Orders in the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 within our Safety and Security Systems Group were ~~$65~~$62 million, an increase of $5$1 million, or 9%1%, compared to the prior-year quarter.

Total orders for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were $866 million, an increase of $121 million, or 16%, as compared to the prior-year period. Our Environmental Solutions Group reported total orders of $739 million in the six months ended June 30, 2022, an increase of $115 million, or 18%, in comparison to the prior-year period. Orders in the six months ended June 30, 2022 within our Safety and Security Systems Group were $127 million, an increase of $6 million, or 5%, compared to the prior-year period.

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Our consolidated backlog at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 was ~~$751~~$795 million, an improvement of ~~$342~~$358 million, or ~~83%~~82%, compared to the prior-year quarter.

Results of Operations

The following table summarizes our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and illustrates the key financial indicators used to assess our consolidated financial results:


		Three Months Ended March 31,									Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions, except per share data)	($ in millions, except per share data)	2022			2021			Change				($ in millions, except per share data)	2022			2021			Change			2022			2021			Change
Net sales	Net sales	$	330.2		$	278.8		$	51.4			Net sales	$	366.7		$	334.7		$	32.0		$	696.9		$	613.5		$	83.4
Cost of sales	Cost of sales	254.5			210.0			44.5				Cost of sales	276.9			253.1			23.8			531.4			463.1			68.3
Gross profit	Gross profit	75.7			68.8			6.9				Gross profit	89.8			81.6			8.2			165.5			150.4			15.1
Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses	Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses	43.6			38.2			5.4				Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses	42.1			40.0			2.1			85.7			78.2			7.5
Amortization expense	Amortization expense	3.3			2.6			0.7				Amortization expense	3.2			2.8			0.4			6.5			5.4			1.1
Acquisition and integration-related expenses		0.3			0.2			0.1
Acquisition and integration-related (benefits) expenses												Acquisition and integration-related (benefits) expenses	(1.7)			0.3			(2.0)			(1.4)			0.5			(1.9)

Operating income	Operating income	28.5			27.8			0.7				Operating income	46.2			38.5			7.7			74.7			66.3			8.4
Interest expense	Interest expense	1.3			1.1			0.2				Interest expense	1.9			1.1			0.8			3.2			2.2			1.0

Other income, net	Other income, net	(0.4)			(0.5)			0.1				Other income, net	(0.3)			(0.3)			—			(0.7)			(0.8)			0.1
Income before income taxes	Income before income taxes	27.6			27.2			0.4				Income before income taxes	44.6			37.7			6.9			72.2			64.9			7.3
Income tax expense	Income tax expense	7.1			5.0			2.1				Income tax expense	11.1			8.0			3.1			18.2			13.0			5.2

Net income	Net income	$	20.5		$	22.2		$	(1.7)			Net income	$	33.5		$	29.7		$	3.8		$	54.0		$	51.9		$	2.1
Operating data:	Operating data:											Operating data:
Operating margin	Operating margin	8.6		%	10.0		%	(1.4)		%		Operating margin	12.6		%	11.5		%	1.1		%	10.7		%	10.8		%	(0.1)		%
Diluted earnings per share	Diluted earnings per share	$	0.33		$	0.36		$	(0.03)			Diluted earnings per share	$	0.55		$	0.48		$	0.07		$	0.88		$	0.84		$	0.04
Total orders	Total orders	452.6			384.1			68.5				Total orders	413.3			360.5			52.8			865.9			744.6			121.3
Backlog	Backlog	751.2			409.5			341.7				Backlog	795.0			436.8			358.2			795.0			436.8			358.2
Depreciation and amortization	Depreciation and amortization	13.4			12.2			1.2				Depreciation and amortization	13.7			12.6			1.1			27.1			24.8			2.3

Net sales

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and ~~$3.2~~$4.9 million, respectively. Partially offsetting these improvements was a $12.0 million reduction in shipments of refuse trucks. Within the Safety and Security Systems Group, net sales increased by ~~$5.3~~$7.0 million, or ~~10%~~13%, primarily due to improvements in sales of public safety equipment, industrial signaling equipment, and warning systems of $6.8 million, $1.1 million, and $0.8 million, respectively, partially offset by a $1.7 million unfavorable foreign currency translation impact.

Net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $83.4 million, or 14%, compared to the prior-year period, inclusive of the effects of acquisitions and pricing actions. The Environmental Solutions Group reported a net sales increase of $71.1 million, or 14%, primarily due to a ~~$5.5~~$16.7 million improvement in aftermarket revenues and increases in sales of dump truck bodies, metal extraction support equipment, safe-digging trucks, hoists, trailers, sewer cleaners, and industrial vacuum loaders of $17.2 million, $14.8 million, $9.9 million, $7.7 million, $5.7 million, $5.1 million and $5.1 million, respectively. Partially offsetting these improvements was a $10.3 million reduction in shipments of refuse trucks. Within the Safety and Security Systems Group, net sales increased by $12.3 million, or 12%, primarily due to improvements in sales of public safety ~~equipment.~~equipment, industrial signaling equipment, and warning systems of $12.3 million, $1.9 million, and $0.6 million, respectively, partially offset by a $2.6 million unfavorable foreign currency translation impact.

Cost of sales

Cost of sales increased by ~~$44.5~~$23.8 million, or ~~21%~~9%, for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 compared to the prior-year quarter, largely due to an increase of ~~$40.6~~$20.4 million, or ~~23%~~9%, within the Environmental Solutions Group, primarily related to increased

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sales volumes, inclusive of acquisition effects, higher material costs, and a $0.3 million increase in depreciation expense, partially offset by a $1.5 million favorable foreign currency translation impact. Within the Safety and Security Systems Group, cost of sales increased by $3.4 million, or 10%, primarily related to higher sales volumes and increased material and freight costs, partially offset by a $1.3 million favorable foreign currency translation impact.

Cost of sales increased by $68.3 million, or 15%, for the six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the prior-year period, largely due to an increase of $61.0 million, or 15%, within the Environmental Solutions Group, primarily related to increased sales volumes, inclusive of acquisition effects, higher material costs, and a ~~$0.4~~$0.7 million increase in depreciation ~~expense.~~expense, partially offset by a $1.6 million favorable foreign currency translation impact. Within the Safety and Security Systems Group, cost of sales increased by ~~$3.9~~$7.3 million, or ~~12%~~11%, primarily related to higher sales volumes and increased material and freight ~~costs.~~costs, partially offset by a $2.0 million favorable foreign currency translation impact.

Gross profit

Gross profit increased by ~~$6.9~~$8.2 million, or 10%, for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily due to a ~~$5.5~~$4.6 million improvement within the Environmental Solutions Group and a ~~$1.4~~$3.6 million increase within the Safety and Security Systems Group. Gross profit as a percentage of revenues (“gross profit margin”) for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 was ~~22.9%~~24.5%, compared to ~~24.7%~~24.4% in the prior-year quarter, primarily due to ~~reductions in the Environmental Solutions Group and~~a 170 basis point improvement within the Safety and Security Systems Group, ~~of 170~~partially offset by a 30 basis ~~points~~point reduction within the Environmental Solutions Group.

Gross profit increased by $15.1 million, or 10%, for the six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to the prior-year period, primarily due to a $10.1 million improvement within the Environmental Solutions Group and ~~100~~a $5.0 million increase within the Safety and Security Systems Group. Gross profit margin for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was 23.7%, compared to 24.5% in the prior-year period, primarily due to a 90 basis ~~points, respectively.~~point reduction within the Environmental Solutions Group, partially offset by a 40 basis point improvement within the Safety and Security Systems Group.

Selling, engineering, general and administrative expenses (“SEG&A”)

SEG&A expenses for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 increased by ~~$5.4~~$2.1 million, or ~~14%~~5%, compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily due to increases of ~~$5.0~~$3.8 million and ~~$0.7~~$1.1 million within the Environmental Solutions Group and the Safety and Security Systems Group, respectively, partially offset by a ~~$0.3~~$2.8 million reduction in Corporate SEG&A expenses. As a percentage of net sales, SEG&A expenses were ~~13.2%~~11.5% in the current-year quarter, down from ~~13.7%~~12.0% in the prior-year quarter.

SEG&A expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $7.5 million, or 10%, compared to the prior-year period, primarily due to increases of $8.8 million and $1.8 million within the Environmental Solutions Group and the Safety and Security Systems Group, respectively, partially offset by a $3.1 million reduction in Corporate SEG&A expenses. As a percentage of net sales, SEG&A expenses were 12.3% in the current-year period, down from 12.7% in the prior-year period.

Operating income

Interest expense

Interest expense for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 increased by ~~$0.2~~$0.8 million and $1.0 million, respectively, in comparison to the corresponding ~~period~~periods in the prior year, largely due to higher interest rates and average debt levels.

Other income, net

Other income, net, for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 was $0.3 million, unchanged from the prior-year quarter.

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For the six months ended June 30, 2022, Other income, net, decreased by $0.1 million, primarily due to ~~the recognition of less~~lower net periodic pension ~~benefit~~benefits than in the ~~current-year quarter.~~prior-year period.

Income tax expense

Net income

Net income for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 ~~decreased~~increased by ~~$1.7~~$3.8 million compared to the prior-year quarter, largely due to the aforementioned improvement in operating income, partially offset by a $3.1 million increase in income tax expense and the $0.8 million increase in interest expense.

Net income for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $2.1 million compared to the prior-year period, largely due to the aforementioned increase in operating income, partially offset by a $5.2 million increase in income tax expense, the ~~$0.2~~$1.0 million increase in interest expense and the $0.1 million ~~decrease~~reduction in other ~~income, partially offset by the aforementioned improvement in operating~~ income.

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Environmental Solutions

The following table summarizes the Environmental Solutions Group’s operating results as of and for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 and 2021:


		Three Months Ended March 31,									Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2022			2021			Change				($ in millions)	2022			2021			Change			2022			2021			Change
Net sales	Net sales	$	274.2		$	228.1		$	46.1			Net sales	$	306.3		$	281.3		$	25.0		$	580.5		$	509.4		$	71.1
Operating income	Operating income	26.8			27.1			(0.3)				Operating income	39.1			38.5			0.6			65.9			65.6			0.3
Operating data:	Operating data:											Operating data:
Operating margin	Operating margin	9.8		%	11.9		%	(2.1)		%		Operating margin	12.8		%	13.7		%	(0.9)		%	11.4		%	12.9		%	(1.5)		%
Total orders	Total orders	$	387.6		$	324.2		$	63.4			Total orders	$	351.7		$	299.7		$	52.0		$	739.3		$	623.9		$	115.4
Backlog	Backlog	690.1			379.3			310.8				Backlog	733.5			399.3			334.2			733.5			399.3			334.2
Depreciation and amortization	Depreciation and amortization	12.4			11.3			1.1				Depreciation and amortization	12.6			11.6			1.0			25.0			22.9			2.1

Three months ended June 30, 2022 vs. three months ended June 30, 2021

Total orders for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 increased by ~~$63.4~~$52.0 million, or ~~20%~~17%, compared to the prior-year quarter. U.S. orders increased by ~~$68.1~~$48.1 million, or ~~26%~~20%, primarily due to improvements in orders for trailers, street sweepers, safe-digging trucks, ~~sewer cleaners, street sweepers,~~ metal extraction support equipment, ~~and~~ industrial vacuum loaders, and road-marking and line-removal equipment of ~~$17.7~~$17.3 million, ~~$16.3~~$15.9 million ~~$14.8~~$8.0 million, ~~$10.0~~$4.6 million, $3.9 million, and ~~$6.1~~$3.1 million, respectively. Additionally, aftermarket demand increased by ~~$11.0~~$7.8 million. Partially offsetting these improvements were reductions in orders for dump truck bodies and ~~road-marking and line-removal equipment~~hoists of ~~$8.9~~$9.7 million and ~~$4.0~~$3.2 million, respectively. Non-U.S. orders ~~decreased~~increased by ~~$4.7~~$3.9 million, or 7%, primarily due to improvements in orders for refuse trucks, street sweepers, and snow removal equipment of $4.5 million, $2.8 million, and $1.9 million, respectively. Partially offsetting these improvements were reductions in orders for industrial vacuum loaders ~~refuse trucks, dump truck bodies,~~ and ~~snow removal equipment~~sewer cleaners of ~~$2.1 million, $1.6 million, $1.0~~$1.9 million and ~~$0.8~~$1.0 million, respectively, as well as a ~~reduction in aftermarket demand of $3.6 million. Partially offsetting these reductions were improvements in orders for sewer cleaners and street sweepers of $3.4~~$2.2 million ~~and $2.0 million, respectively.~~unfavorable foreign currency translation impact.

Net sales for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 increased by ~~$46.1~~$25.0 million, or ~~20%~~9%, compared to the prior-year quarter, inclusive of the effects of acquisitions and pricing actions. For the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, U.S. sales increased by ~~$46.2~~$51.0 million, or ~~25%~~24%, largely due to a ~~$14.1~~$7.3 million improvement in aftermarket revenues and increases in sales of ~~safe-digging trucks,~~sewer cleaners, dump truck bodies, ~~street sweepers, trailers,~~ metal extraction support equipment, safe-digging trucks, hoists, ~~and~~ industrial vacuum loaders, and trailers of ~~$10.0~~$9.2 million, ~~$7.5~~$8.1 million, ~~$3.9~~$7.1 million, ~~$3.2~~$4.8 million, ~~$3.1~~$4.7 million, ~~$3.0~~$2.7 million, and ~~$2.4~~$2.5 million, respectively. Non-

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U.S. sales decreased by $26.0 million, or 37%, primarily due to reductions in shipments of refuse trucks, safe-digging trucks, and sewer cleaners of $12.2 million, $5.5 million, and $1.3 million, as well as a $2.7 million decrease in aftermarket revenues and a $1.7 million unfavorable foreign currency translation impact. Partially offsetting these ~~improvements~~reductions was a ~~$4.2~~$2.5 million reduction in shipments of sewer cleaners. Non-U.S. sales decreased by $0.1 million, primarily due to lower shipments of street sweepers of $2.8 million and a $2.0 million reduction in aftermarket revenues, partially offset by increasesincrease in sales of metal extraction support ~~equipment, sewer cleaners and refuse trucks of $2.1 million, $1.4 million, $1.3 million, respectively.~~equipment.

Cost of sales for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 increased by ~~$40.6~~$20.4 million, or ~~23%~~9%, compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily due to increased sales volumes, inclusive of acquisition effects, higher material costs, and a ~~$0.4~~$0.3 million increase in depreciation ~~expense.~~expense, partially offset by a $1.5 million favorable foreign currency translation impact. Gross profit margin for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 was ~~20.2%~~21.8%, compared to ~~21.9%~~22.1% in the prior-year quarter, with the impact of higher material costs and production inefficiencies associated with labor and supply chain disruptions being partially offset by the impact of pricing actions and a more favorable sales mix, associated with the increase in aftermarket demand.

SEG&A expenses for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 increased by ~~$5.0~~$3.8 million, or ~~25%~~18%, compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily due to the addition of costs from prior-year acquisitions, as well as increases in selling and marketing, employee-related costs and travel expenses. As a percentage of net sales, SEG&A expenses were ~~9.2%~~8.0% in the current-year quarter, compared to ~~8.9%~~7.4% in the prior-year quarter.

Operating income for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 ~~decreased~~increased by ~~$0.3~~$0.6 million, or 1%2%, compared to the prior-year quarter, largely due to a $4.6 million improvement in gross profit and a $0.2 million favorable variance from acquisition-related activity, partially offset by the ~~$5.0~~$3.8 million increase in SEG&A expenses and a $0.4 million increase in amortization expense.

Six months ended June 30, 2022 vs. six months ended June 30, 2021

Total orders for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $115.4 million, or 18%, compared to the prior-year period. U.S. orders increased by $116.2 million, or 23%, primarily due to improvements in orders for street sweepers, safe-digging trucks, trailers, sewer cleaners, metal extraction support equipment, and industrial vacuum loaders of $30.7 million, $25.7 million, $19.2 million, $16.6 million, $14.6 million, and $10.0 million, respectively. Additionally, aftermarket demand increased by $18.8 million. Partially offsetting these improvements were reductions in orders for dump truck bodies and hoists of $18.6 million and $3.6 million, respectively. Non-U.S. orders decreased by $0.8 million, or 1%, primarily due to reductions in orders for industrial vacuum loaders of $4.0 million, as well as a reduction in aftermarket demand of $3.7 million and a $2.2 million unfavorable currency translation impact. Partially offsetting these reductions were improvements in orders for street sweepers, refuse trucks, sewer cleaners and snow removal equipment of $4.8 million, $2.9 million, $2.4 million and $1.1 million, respectively.

Net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $71.1 million, or 14.0%, compared to the prior-year period, inclusive of the effects of acquisitions and pricing actions. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, U.S. sales increased by $97.2 million, or 25%, largely due to a $21.4 million improvement in aftermarket revenues and increases in sales of dump truck bodies, safe-digging trucks, metal extraction support equipment, hoists, trailers, industrial vacuum loaders, sewer cleaners, and street sweepers of $15.6 million, $14.8 million, $10.2 million, $7.7 million, $5.7 million, $5.1 million, $5.0 million and $4.7 million, respectively. Non-U.S. sales decreased by $26.1 million, primarily due to lower shipments of refuse trucks, safe-digging trucks, and street sweepers of $10.9 million, $4.9 million and $3.7 million, as well as a $4.7 million reduction in aftermarket revenues and a $1.8 million unfavorable foreign currency translation impact. Partially offsetting these reductions were improvements in shipments of metal extraction support equipment of $4.6 million.

Cost of sales for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $61.0 million, or 15%, compared to the prior-year period, primarily due to increased sales volumes, inclusive of acquisition effects, higher material costs, and a $0.7 million increase in ~~amortization~~depreciation expense, partially offset by a ~~$5.5~~$1.6 million favorable foreign currency translation impact. Gross profit margin for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was 21.1%, compared to 22.0% in the prior-year period, with the impact of higher material costs and production inefficiencies associated with labor and supply chain disruptions being partially offset by the impact of pricing actions and a more favorable sales mix, associated with the increase in aftermarket demand.

SEG&A expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $8.8 million, or 21%, compared to the prior-year period, primarily due to the addition of costs from prior-year acquisitions, as well as increases in selling and marketing, employee-related costs and travel expenses. As a percentage of net sales, SEG&A expenses were 8.6% in the current-year period, compared to 8.0% in the prior-year period.

Operating income for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $0.3 million compared to the prior-year period, largely due to a $10.1 million improvement in gross ~~profit.~~profit and a $0.1 million favorable variance from acquisition-related activity, partially offset by the $8.8 million increase in SEG&A expenses and a $1.1 million increase in amortization expense.

Backlog was ~~$690~~$734 million at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, compared to ~~$379~~$399 million at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021.

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Safety and Security Systems

The following table summarizes the Safety and Security Systems Group’s operating results as of and for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 and 2021:


		Three Months Ended March 31,									Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
($ in millions)	($ in millions)	2022			2021			Change				($ in millions)	2022			2021			Change			2022			2021			Change
Net sales	Net sales	$	56.0		$	50.7		$	5.3			Net sales	$	60.4		$	53.4		$	7.0		$	116.4		$	104.1		$	12.3
Operating income	Operating income	7.9			7.2			0.7				Operating income	10.3			7.8			2.5			18.2			15.0			3.2
Operating data:	Operating data:											Operating data:
Operating margin	Operating margin	14.1		%	14.2		%	(0.1)		%		Operating margin	17.1		%	14.6		%	2.5		%	15.6		%	14.4		%	1.2		%
Total orders	Total orders	$	65.0		$	59.9		$	5.1			Total orders	$	61.6		$	60.8		$	0.8		$	126.6		$	120.7		$	5.9
Backlog	Backlog	61.1			30.2			30.9				Backlog	61.5			37.5			24.0			61.5			37.5			24.0
Depreciation and amortization	Depreciation and amortization	1.0			0.9			0.1				Depreciation and amortization	1.1			0.9			0.2			2.1			1.8			0.3

Three months ended June 30, 2022 vs. three months ended June 30, 2021

Total orders for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 increased by ~~$5.1~~$0.8 million, or 9%1%, compared with the prior-year quarter. U.S. orders increased by ~~$5.5~~$4.7 million, primarily due to improvements in orders for public safety equipment and warning systems of ~~$3.6~~$2.9 million and ~~$2.4~~$1.9 million, respectively. Non-U.S. orders decreased by ~~$0.4~~$3.9 million, largely due to a ~~$1.3~~$5.0 million reduction in orders for public safety equipment ~~as well as~~and a ~~$0.7~~$1.5 million unfavorable foreign currency translation impact, partially offset by ~~improvements~~a $2.4 million improvement in orders for industrial signaling ~~equipment and warning systems of $1.1 million and $0.5 million, respectively.~~equipment.

Net sales for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 increased by ~~$5.3~~$7.0 million, or ~~10%~~13%, compared to the prior-year ~~quarter.~~quarter, with the effects of higher unit sales volumes and pricing actions being partially offset by unfavorable foreign currency translation impacts. U.S. sales increased by ~~$2.6~~$5.1 million, primarily driven by a ~~$2.6~~$4.9 million improvement in sales of public safety equipment. Non-U.S. sales increased by ~~$2.7~~$1.9 million, largely due to improvements in sales of public safety equipment and industrial signaling equipment of ~~$2.9~~$1.9 million and ~~$1.0~~$1.5 million, respectively, partially offset by a ~~$0.9~~$1.7 million unfavorable foreign currency translation impact.

Cost of sales for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 increased by ~~$3.9~~$3.4 million, or ~~12%~~10%, compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily related to higher sales volumes and increased material and freight costs, partially offset by a ~~$0.7~~$1.3 million favorable foreign currency translation impact. Gross profit margin for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 was ~~36.1%~~38.2%, compared to ~~37.1%~~36.5% in the prior-year quarter, with the ~~decrease~~improvement primarily attributable to the impact of pricing actions, partially offset by the effects of higher material and freight ~~costs, partially offset by the impact of pricing actions.~~costs.

SEG&A expenses for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 increased by ~~$0.7~~$1.1 million, or 6%9%, compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily due to higher sales commissions. As a percentage of net sales, SEG&A expenses decreased from ~~22.9%~~21.9% in the prior-year quarter, to ~~22.0%~~21.2% in the current-year quarter.

Operating income for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 increased by ~~$0.7~~$2.5 million, or ~~10%~~32%, compared to the prior-year quarter, primarily due to a ~~$1.4~~$3.6 million improvement in gross profit, partially offset by the $1.1 million increase in SEG&A expenses.

Six months ended June 30, 2022 vs. six months ended June 30, 2021

Total orders for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $5.9 million, or 5%, compared with the prior-year period. U.S. orders increased by $10.2 million, primarily due to improvements in orders for public safety equipment and warning systems of $6.5 million and $4.3 million, respectively. Non-U.S. orders decreased by $4.3 million, primarily due to a $6.3 million reduction in orders for public safety equipment and a $2.2 million unfavorable foreign currency translation impact, partially offset by improvements in orders for industrial signaling equipment and warning systems of $3.5 million and $0.7 million, respectively.

Net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $12.3 million, or 12%, compared to the prior-year period, with the effects of higher unit sales volumes and pricing actions being partially offset by unfavorable foreign currency translation impacts. U.S. sales increased by $7.7 million, primarily driven by a $7.5 million improvement in sales of public safety equipment. Non-U.S. sales increased by $4.6 million, largely due to improvements in sales of public safety equipment and industrial signaling equipment of $4.8 million and $2.5 million, respectively, partially offset by a $2.6 million unfavorable foreign currency translation impact.

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Cost of sales for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $7.3 million, or 11%, compared to the prior-year period, primarily related to higher sales volumes and increased material and freight costs, partially offset by a $2.0 million favorable foreign currency translation impact. Gross profit margin for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was 37.2%, compared to 36.8% in the prior-year period, with the improvement primarily attributable to the impact of pricing actions, partially offset by the effects of higher material and freight costs.

SEG&A expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $1.8 million, or 8%, compared to the prior-year period, primarily due to higher sales commissions. As a percentage of net sales, SEG&A expenses decreased from 22.4% in the prior-year period, to 21.6% in the current-year period.

Operating income for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased by $3.2 million, or 21%, compared to the prior-year period, primarily due to a $5.0 million improvement in gross profit, partially offset by the $1.8 million increase in SEG&A expenses.

Backlog was ~~$61~~$62 million at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, compared to ~~$30~~$38 million at ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021.

Corporate Expenses

Corporate operating expenses for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 were ~~$6.2~~$3.2 million, compared to ~~$6.5~~$7.8 million in the prior-year quarter, with the reduction primarily due toto lower post-employment expenses and a $1.8 million increase in acquisition-related benefits. During the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company received a favorable settlement of $1.9 million in a post-closing adjustment dispute associated with the 2021 acquisition of OSW Equipment & Repair, LLC (“OSW”). The related benefit has been included as a component of Acquisition and integration-related (benefits) expenses on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Corporate operating expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were $9.4 million, compared to $14.3 million in the prior-year period, with the reduction primarily due to lower post-employment expenses and a $1.8 million increase in acquisition-related benefits, largely attributed to the OSW post-closing adjustment settlement, partially offset by higher incentive compensation expense.

Seasonality of Company’s Business

Certain of the Company’s businesses are susceptible to the influences of seasonal factors, including buying patterns, delivery patterns and productivity influences from holiday periods and weather. In general, the Company tends to have lower equipment sales in the first calendar quarter of each year compared to other quarters as a result of these factors. In addition, rental income and parts sales are generally higher in the second and third quarters of the year, because many of the Company’s products are used for maintenance activities in North America, where usage is typically lower during periods of harsher weather conditions.

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Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company uses its cash flow from operations to fund growth and to make capital investments that sustain its operations, reduce costs, or both. Beyond these uses, remaining cash is used to pay down debt, repurchase shares, fund dividend payments and make pension contributions. The Company may also choose to invest in the acquisition of businesses. In the absence of significant unanticipated cash demands, we believe that the Company’s existing cash balances, cash flow from operations and borrowings available under the 2019 Credit Agreement will provide funds sufficient for these purposes. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, there was ~~$327.8~~$324.5 million of cash drawn and $9.8 million of undrawn letters of credit under the 2019 Credit Agreement, with ~~$162.4~~$165.7 million of availability for borrowings. The net cash flows associated with the Company’s rental equipment transactions are included in cash flow from operating activities.

The Company’s cash and cash equivalents totaled ~~$39.2~~$31.2 million and $40.5 million as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. As of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, ~~$15.7~~$14.5 million of cash and cash equivalents was held by foreign subsidiaries. Cash and cash equivalents held by subsidiaries outside the U.S. typically are held in the currency of the country in which it is located. The Company uses this cash to fund the operating activities of its foreign subsidiaries and for further investment in foreign operations. Generally, the Company has considered such cash to be permanently reinvested in its foreign operations and the Company’s current plans do not demonstrate a need to repatriate such cash to fund U.S. operations. However, in the event that these funds are needed to fund U.S. operations or to satisfy U.S. obligations, they generally could be repatriated. The repatriation of these funds may cause the Company to incur additional U.S. income tax expense, dependent on income tax laws and other circumstances at the time any such amounts are repatriated.

Net cash of ~~$7.0~~$22.4 million was provided by operating activities in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, compared to ~~$26.0~~$39.3 million in the prior-year period, with the year-over-year change primarily due to the seasonal build up of working capital, including increases in accounts receivable, largely due to ~~timing differences~~higher net sales, and strategic stocking of critical inventory components, such as chassis, to support demand levels and partially mitigate ongoing supply chain constraints. Partially offsetting these increases ~~was a $0.9~~were lower income tax payments and pension contributions of $15.4 million ~~decrease in pension contributions.~~and $2.2 million, respectively, and $1.9 million received for the OSW post-closing adjustment settlement.

Net cash of ~~$34.3~~$46.0 million was used for investing activities in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, compared to ~~$56.4~~$61.3 million in the prior-year period. During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, the Company completed the purchase of its University Park, Illinois manufacturing facility for $27.8 million and funded ~~$5.9~~$13.7 million of other capital expenditures. Capital expenditures in the prior-year period were ~~$4.3~~$9.3 million. During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, the Company paid $4.3 million to acquire certain distribution rights from dealers and $1.6 million to fund a post-closing adjustment related to the 2021 acquisition of substantially all of the assets and operations of Deist Industries, Inc. During the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company ~~also~~ paid initial consideration of $53.5 million to acquire OSW.

Net cash of ~~$26.1~~$14.9 million was provided by financing activities in the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, compared with ~~$4.0~~net cash usage of $5.0 million in the prior-year period. In the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, the Company borrowed ~~$46.8~~$44.1 million against its revolving credit facility, primarily to fund the purchase of the University Park facility. The Company also funded cash dividends and share repurchases of ~~$5.5~~$10.9 million and ~~$13.6~~$16.1 million, respectively, and redeemed ~~$1.5~~$2.5 million of stock in order to remit funds to tax authorities to satisfy employees’ tax withholdings following the vesting of stock-based compensation and the exercise of stock options. In the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2021, the Company borrowed ~~$10.1~~$10.0 million against its revolving credit facility, received ~~$3.3~~$3.8 million from stock option exercises, funded cash dividends of ~~$5.5~~$11.0 million and redeemed ~~$4.0~~$7.7 million of stock in order to remit funds to tax authorities to satisfy employees’ tax withholdings following the vesting of stock-based compensation and the exercise of stock options.

Excluding the University Park facility acquisition, the Company anticipates that capital expenditures for 2022 will be in the range of $25 million to $30 million. The Company believes that its financial resources and major sources of liquidity, including cash flow from operations and borrowing capacity, will be adequate to meet its operating needs, capital needs and financial commitments.

Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, there have been no material changes in the Company’s contractual obligations and off-balance sheet arrangements as described in Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

See Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. During the ~~three~~six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022, there have been no significant changes in our exposure to market risk.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

As required by Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, the Company’s management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) or Rule 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022.

As a matter of practice, the Company’s management continues to review and document internal control and procedures for financial reporting. From time to time, the Company may make changes aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of the controls and ensuring that the systems evolve with the business.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

The information set forth under the heading “Legal Proceedings” in Note 7 – Commitments and Contingencies to the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements as included in Part I of this Form 10-Q is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

There have been no material changes in the Company’s risk factors as described in Item 1A, Risk Factors, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s repurchase activity for its common stock during the three months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022:

Period Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid Per Share Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs Maximum Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (a) (b)
January 2022 (1/1/22 - 2/5/22) — $ — — $ 75,149,983
February 2022 (2/6/22 - 3/5/22) — — — 75,149,983
March 2022 (3/6/22 - 4/2/22) 395,370 34.3051 395,370 61,586,779


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (a) (b)
April 2022 (4/3/22 - 5/7/22)	30,500	$	32.7860	30,500	$	60,586,805
May 2022 (5/8/22 - 6/4/22)	46,511	32.9809		46,511	59,052,829
June 2022 (6/5/22 - 7/2/22)	—	—		—	59,052,829

(a) In November 2014, the Board authorized a stock repurchase program of up to $75.0 million of the Company’s common stock.

(b) In March 2020, the Board authorized an additional stock repurchase program of up to $75.0 million of the Company’s common stock. This program supplements the November 2014 stock repurchase program, which remains in effect.

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

On ~~May 2,~~July 27, 2022, the Company issued a press release announcing its financial results for the three and six months ended ~~March 31,~~June 30, 2022. The presentation slides for the ~~first~~second quarter 2022 earnings call were also posted on the Company’s website at that time. The full text of the ~~first~~second quarter financial results press release and earnings presentation are attached hereto as Exhibits 99.1 and 99.2, respectively, to this Form 10-Q.

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Item 6. Exhibits.


3.1						Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed April 30, 2010.

3.2						Amended and Restated By-laws of the Company. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed February 9, 2016.

10.1*						~~Employment Letter dated as~~ Form of ~~January 31, 2022, by and between the Company and Diane I. Bonina.~~Performance Share Unit Award Agreement - U.S .

~~10.2~~10.2*						~~Purchase~~Form of Performance Share Unit Award Agreement - Non-U.S.

10.3						Second Amendment to Second Amended and ~~Sale~~Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of ~~February 1,~~April 19, 2022, by among the Company , and ~~between 2645 Federal Signal Drive Fee, LLC,~~certain of its foreign subsidiaries , as B orrowers , each of the Len ders and ~~the Company. Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.ww. to the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.~~Wells Fargo Bank, National Ass ociation, as administrative agent .

31.1						CEO Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

31.2						CFO Certification under Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

32.1						CEO Certification of Periodic Report under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

32.2						CFO Certification of Periodic Report under Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.

99.1						~~First~~Second Quarter Financial Results Press Release, Dated ~~May 2,~~July 27 , 2022.

99.2						~~First~~ Sec ond Quarter Earnings Call Presentation Slides.

101.INS						XBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document).

101.SCH						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

101.CAL						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.

101.LAB						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Label Linkbase Document.

101.PRE						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document.

104						Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

*Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit pursuant to Item 15(a)(3) of Form 10-K.

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


		Federal Signal Corporation

Date:	~~May 2,~~July 27, 2022	/s/ Ian A. Hudson
		Ian A. Hudson
		Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

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