10-Qfalse2021-03-312021Q1FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORP /PA/00007125371570112/3196,209,541FalseFalseFalseYesFalseTrue10.002.002.0050.0050.0010.001.461.4836.0036.007365,14900000.10.10.1P3YP30Y0000712537us-gaap:SeniorLienMemberfcf:TermLoanReceivableOriginatedInOneYearPriorMemberus-gaap:SpecialMentionMember2021-12-31

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
ýQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 20212022
Or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from             to            
Commission File Number 001-11138
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Pennsylvania25-1428528
(State or other jurisdiction of(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
601 Philadelphia Street
IndianaPA15701
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
724-349-7220
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1.00 par valueFCFNew York Stock Exchange
Indicate by a check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer  x    Accelerated filer  ¨    Smaller reporting company Emerging growth company  
Non-accelerated filer  ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes      No x
The number of shares outstanding of issuer’s common stock, $1.00 par value, as of May 6, 2021,2022, was 96,209,541.94,316,777.


Table of Contents


FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
FORM 10-Q
INDEX
  PAGE
PART I.
ITEM 1.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 4.
PART II.
ITEM 1.
ITEM 1A.
ITEM 2.
ITEM 3.
ITEM 4.
ITEM 5.
ITEM 6.

2

Table of Contents



ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (unaudited)

March 31, 2021December 31, 2020March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except share data) (dollars in thousands, except share data)
AssetsAssetsAssets
Cash and due from banksCash and due from banks$83,989 $100,009 Cash and due from banks$120,289 $84,738 
Interest-bearing bank depositsInterest-bearing bank deposits420,645 256,572 Interest-bearing bank deposits404,516 310,634 
Securities available for sale, at fair valueSecurities available for sale, at fair value1,043,258 831,223 Securities available for sale, at fair value933,204 1,041,380 
Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost (Fair value of $408,118 and $369,851 at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively)407,833 361,844 
Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost (Fair value of $477,088 and $536,651 at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively)Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost (Fair value of $477,088 and $536,651 at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively)512,911 541,311 
Other investmentsOther investments13,445 12,227 Other investments13,142 12,838 
Loans held for saleLoans held for sale20,604 33,436 Loans held for sale10,506 18,583 
Loans:
Portfolio loans6,736,894 6,761,183 
Loans and leases:Loans and leases:
Portfolio loans and leasesPortfolio loans and leases6,952,112 6,839,230 
Allowance for credit lossesAllowance for credit losses(96,763)(101,309)Allowance for credit losses(91,188)(92,522)
Net loans6,640,131 6,659,874 
Net loans and leasesNet loans and leases6,860,924 6,746,708 
Premises and equipment, net(1)
Premises and equipment, net(1)
122,326 125,517 
Premises and equipment, net(1)
121,470 120,775 
Other real estate ownedOther real estate owned916 1,215 Other real estate owned667 642 
GoodwillGoodwill303,328 303,328 Goodwill303,328 303,328 
Amortizing intangibles, netAmortizing intangibles, net12,820 13,492 Amortizing intangibles, net10,738 11,188 
Bank owned life insuranceBank owned life insurance225,027 225,952 Bank owned life insurance225,811 224,700 
Other assetsOther assets122,667 143,415 Other assets124,618 128,268 
Total assetsTotal assets$9,416,989 $9,068,104 Total assets$9,642,124 $9,545,093 
LiabilitiesLiabilitiesLiabilities
Deposits (all domestic):Deposits (all domestic):Deposits (all domestic):
Noninterest-bearingNoninterest-bearing$2,616,303 $2,319,958 Noninterest-bearing$2,719,645 $2,658,782 
Interest-bearingInterest-bearing5,252,953 5,118,708 Interest-bearing5,452,202 5,323,716 
Total depositsTotal deposits7,869,256 7,438,666 Total deposits8,171,847 7,982,498 
Short-term borrowingsShort-term borrowings110,762 117,373 Short-term borrowings95,748 138,315 
Subordinated debenturesSubordinated debentures170,653 170,612 Subordinated debentures170,815 170,775 
Other long-term debtOther long-term debt56,089 56,258 Other long-term debt5,398 5,573 
Capital lease obligationCapital lease obligation6,270 6,385 Capital lease obligation5,799 5,921 
Total long-term debtTotal long-term debt233,012 233,255 Total long-term debt182,012 182,269 
Other liabilitiesOther liabilities116,479 210,193 Other liabilities124,898 132,639 
Total liabilitiesTotal liabilities8,329,509 7,999,487 Total liabilities8,574,505 8,435,721 
Shareholders’ EquityShareholders’ EquityShareholders’ Equity
Preferred stock, $1 par value per share, 3,000,000 shares authorized, NaN issued
Common stock, $1 par value per share, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 113,914,902 shares issued at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, and 96,248,476 and 96,130,751 shares outstanding at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively113,915 113,915 
Preferred stock, $1 par value per share, 3,000,000 shares authorized, none issuedPreferred stock, $1 par value per share, 3,000,000 shares authorized, none issued— — 
Common stock, $1 par value per share, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 113,914,902 shares issued at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, and 94,299,039 and 94,233,152 shares outstanding at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectivelyCommon stock, $1 par value per share, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 113,914,902 shares issued at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, and 94,299,039 and 94,233,152 shares outstanding at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively113,915 113,915 
Additional paid-in capitalAdditional paid-in capital495,720 494,683 Additional paid-in capital496,627 496,121 
Retained earningsRetained earnings625,806 596,614 Retained earnings708,149 691,260 
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net6,198 17,233 
Treasury stock (17,666,426 and 17,784,151 shares at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively)(154,159)(153,828)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, netAccumulated other comprehensive loss, net(68,160)(8,768)
Treasury stock (19,615,863 and 19,681,750 shares at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively)Treasury stock (19,615,863 and 19,681,750 shares at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively)(182,912)(183,156)
Total shareholders’ equityTotal shareholders’ equity1,087,480 1,068,617 Total shareholders’ equity1,067,619 1,109,372 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equityTotal liabilities and shareholders’ equity$9,416,989 $9,068,104 Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$9,642,124 $9,545,093 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
3

Table of Contents


ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20212020
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Interest Income
Interest and fees on loans$68,313 $71,740 
Interest and dividends on investments:
Taxable interest5,364 6,973 
Interest exempt from federal income taxes164 315 
Dividends143 264 
Interest on bank deposits77 37 
Total interest income74,061 79,329 
Interest Expense
Interest on deposits2,052 8,449 
Interest on short-term borrowings31 588 
Interest on subordinated debentures2,128 2,146 
Interest on other long-term debt346 355 
Interest on lease obligations62 67 
Total interest expense4,619 11,605 
Net Interest Income69,442 67,724 
Provision for credit losses(4,390)30,967 
Net Interest Income after Provision for Credit Losses73,832 36,757 
Noninterest Income
Net securities gains19 
Trust income2,516 2,111 
Service charges on deposit accounts4,047 4,745 
Insurance and retail brokerage commissions2,172 1,995 
Income from bank owned life insurance1,951 1,616 
Gain on sale of mortgage loans5,046 2,546 
Gain on sale of other loans and assets1,690 699 
Card-related interchange income6,427 5,262 
Derivatives mark to market1,430 (1,741)
Swap fee income146 214 
Other income1,924 1,807 
Total noninterest income27,355 19,273 
Noninterest Expense
Salaries and employee benefits28,671 29,977 
Net occupancy4,773 4,973 
Furniture and equipment3,948 3,778 
Data processing3,052 2,467 
Advertising and promotion1,324 1,150 
Contributions731 472 
Pennsylvania shares tax832 738 
Intangible amortization866 934 
Other professional fees and services751 898 
FDIC insurance696 28 
Loss on sale or write-down of assets213 
Litigation and operational losses479 390 
COVID-19 related74 23 
Branch consolidation40 
Other operating5,613 4,230 
Total noninterest expense51,859 50,271 
Income Before Income Taxes49,328 5,759 
Income tax provision9,558 1,032 
Net Income$39,770 $4,727 
Average Shares Outstanding96,026,866 98,123,627 
Average Shares Outstanding Assuming Dilution96,233,647 98,361,494 
Per Share Data: Basic Earnings per Share
$0.41 $0.05 
 Diluted Earnings per Share$0.41 $0.05 
Cash Dividends Declared per Common Share$0.11 $0.11 

For the Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20222021
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Interest Income
Interest and fees on loans and leases$64,394 $68,313 
Interest and dividends on investments:
Taxable interest6,478 5,364 
Interest exempt from federal income taxes126 164 
Dividends135 143 
Interest on bank deposits111 77 
Total interest income71,244 74,061 
Interest Expense
Interest on deposits813 2,052 
Interest on short-term borrowings21 31 
Interest on subordinated debentures2,129 2,128 
Interest on other long-term debt52 346 
Interest on lease obligations57 62 
Total interest expense3,072 4,619 
Net Interest Income68,172 69,442 
Provision for credit losses1,964 (4,390)
Net Interest Income after Provision for Credit Losses66,208 73,832 
Noninterest Income
Net securities gains
Trust income2,713 2,516 
Service charges on deposit accounts4,615 4,047 
Insurance and retail brokerage commissions2,272 2,172 
Income from bank owned life insurance1,508 1,951 
Gain on sale of mortgage loans1,282 5,046 
Gain on sale of other loans and assets2,319 1,690 
Card-related interchange income6,490 6,427 
Derivatives mark to market347 1,430 
Swap fee income453 146 
Other income1,975 1,924 
Total noninterest income23,976 27,355 
Noninterest Expense
Salaries and employee benefits30,932 28,671 
Net occupancy4,787 4,773 
Furniture and equipment3,730 3,948 
Data processing3,188 3,052 
Advertising and promotion1,226 1,324 
Pennsylvania shares tax1,005 832 
Intangible amortization862 866 
Other professional fees and services1,221 751 
FDIC insurance698 696 
Loss on sale or write-down of assets75 
Litigation and operational losses600 479 
COVID-19 related17 74 
Branch consolidation98 40 
Other operating7,285 6,344 
Total noninterest expense55,724 51,859 
Income Before Income Taxes34,460 49,328 
Income tax provision6,734 9,558 
Net Income$27,726 $39,770 
Average Shares Outstanding94,078,699 96,026,866 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
4

Table of Contents


ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data(Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20212020
 (dollars in thousands)
Net Income$39,770 $4,727 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, before tax benefit (expense):
Unrealized holding (losses) gains on securities arising during the period(15,804)19,503 
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains on securities included in net income(6)(19)
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on derivatives arising during the period1,842 (4,581)
Total other comprehensive (loss) income, before tax benefit (expense)(13,968)14,903 
Income tax benefit (expense) related to items of other comprehensive (loss) income2,933 (3,130)
Total other comprehensive (loss) income(11,035)11,773 
Comprehensive Income$28,735 $16,500 
Average Shares Outstanding Assuming Dilution94,311,324 96,233,647 
Per Share Data: Basic Earnings per Share
$0.29 $0.41 
 Diluted Earnings per Share$0.29 $0.41 
Cash Dividends Declared per Common Share$0.115 $0.110 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
5

Table of Contents


ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITYCOMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)

Shares
Outstanding
Common
Stock
Additional
Paid-in-
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss),
net
Treasury
Stock
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 (dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
Balance at December 31, 202096,130,751 $113,915 $494,683 $596,614 $17,233 $(153,828)$1,068,617 
Net income39,770 39,770 
Other comprehensive loss(11,035)(11,035)
Cash dividends declared ($0.11 per share)(10,578)(10,578)
Treasury stock acquired(123,395)(1,643)(1,643)
Treasury stock reissued158,531 681 1,360 2,041 
Restricted stock82,589 356 (48)308 
Balance at March 31, 202196,248,476 $113,915 $495,720 $625,806 $6,198 $(154,159)$1,087,480 

 Shares
Outstanding
Common
Stock
Additional
Paid-in-
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss),
net
Treasury
Stock
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 (dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
Balance at December 31, 201998,311,840 $113,915 $493,737 $577,348 $5,579 $(134,914)$1,055,665 
Net income4,727 4,727 
Other comprehensive income11,773 11,773 
Cash dividends declared ($0.11 per share)(10,819)(10,819)
Treasury stock acquired(430,896)(5,220)(5,220)
Treasury stock reissued134,452 444 1,150 1,594 
Restricted stock204 204 
Balance at March 31, 202098,015,396 $113,915 $494,181 $571,256 $17,352 $(138,780)$1,057,924 

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data(Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)



For the Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20222021
 (dollars in thousands)
Net Income$27,726 $39,770 
Other comprehensive loss, before tax benefit:
Unrealized holding losses on securities arising during the period(57,251)(15,804)
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains on securities included in net income(2)(6)
Unrealized holding (losses) gains on derivatives arising during the period(17,926)1,842 
Total other comprehensive loss, before tax benefit(75,179)(13,968)
Income tax benefit related to items of other comprehensive loss15,787 2,933 
Total other comprehensive loss(59,392)(11,035)
Comprehensive (Loss) Income$(31,666)$28,735 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
6

Table of Contents


ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWSCHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20212020
Operating Activities(dollars in thousands)
Net income$39,770 $4,727 
Adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for credit losses(4,390)30,967 
Deferred tax expense (benefit)3,859 (3,551)
Depreciation and amortization3,003 2,926 
Net gains on securities and other assets(8,452)(1,645)
Net amortization of premiums and discounts on securities1,268 1,310 
Income from increase in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance(1,621)(1,610)
Decrease (increase) in interest receivable1,899 (761)
Mortgage loans originated for sale(121,280)(65,236)
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans140,780 61,777 
Increase in interest payable1,128 1,122 
Increase in income taxes payable5,626 4,528 
Other-net(10,360)(1,438)
Net cash provided by operating activities51,230 33,116 
Investing Activities
Transactions with securities held to maturity:
Proceeds from maturities and redemptions28,936 18,504 
Purchases(135,130)
Transactions with securities available for sale:
Proceeds from maturities and redemptions206,993 50,107 
Purchases(435,563)(127,368)
Purchases of FHLB stock(1,558)(18,682)
Proceeds from the redemption of FHLB stock340 16,028 
Proceeds from bank owned life insurance2,931 557 
Proceeds from sale of loans15,483 7,960 
Proceeds from sale of other assets2,226 1,361 
Net decrease (increase) in loans2,970 (140,013)
Purchases of premises and equipment and other assets(2,322)(3,654)
Net cash used in investing activities(314,694)(195,200)
Financing Activities
Net increase in federal funds purchased27,000 
Net decrease in other short-term borrowings(6,611)(81,882)
Net increase in deposits430,633 245,591 
Repayments of other long-term debt(169)(162)
Repayments of capital lease obligation(115)(105)
Dividends paid(10,578)(10,819)
Purchase of treasury stock(1,643)(5,220)
Net cash provided by financing activities411,517 174,403 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents148,053 12,319 
Cash and cash equivalents at January 1356,581 121,856 
Cash and cash equivalents at March 31$504,634 $134,175 
Shares
Outstanding
Common
Stock
Additional
Paid-in-
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss),
net
Treasury
Stock
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 (dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
Balance at December 31, 202194,233,152 $113,915 $496,121 $691,260 $(8,768)$(183,156)$1,109,372 
Net income27,726 27,726 
Other comprehensive loss(59,392)(59,392)
Cash dividends declared ($0.115 per share)(10,837)(10,837)
Treasury stock acquired(90,614)(1,488)(1,488)
Treasury stock reissued157,251 499 — 1,448 1,947 
Restricted stock(750)— — 284 291 
Balance at March 31, 202294,299,039 $113,915 $496,627 $708,149 $(68,160)$(182,912)$1,067,619 
 Shares
Outstanding
Common
Stock
Additional
Paid-in-
Capital
Retained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss),
net
Treasury
Stock
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 (dollars in thousands, except share and per share data)
Balance at December 31, 202096,130,751 $113,915 $494,683 $596,614 $17,233 $(153,828)$1,068,617 
Net income39,770 39,770 
Other comprehensive loss(11,035)(11,035)
Cash dividends declared ($0.110 per share)(10,578)(10,578)
Treasury stock acquired(123,395)(1,643)(1,643)
Treasury stock reissued158,531 681 — 1,360 2,041 
Restricted stock82,589 — 356 — (48)308 
Balance at March 31, 202196,248,476 $113,915 $495,720 $625,806 $6,198 $(154,159)$1,087,480 




The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
7

Table of Contents


ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data(Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended
 March 31,
 20222021
Operating Activities(dollars in thousands)
Net income$27,726 $39,770 
Adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for credit losses1,964 (4,390)
Deferred tax expense1,807 3,859 
Depreciation and amortization2,560 3,003 
Net gains on securities and other assets(3,908)(8,452)
Net amortization of premiums and discounts on securities635 1,268 
Income from increase in cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance(1,508)(1,621)
Decrease in interest receivable45 1,899 
Mortgage loans originated for sale(51,833)(121,280)
Proceeds from sale of mortgage loans58,198 140,780 
Increase in interest payable1,282 1,128 
(Decrease) increase in income taxes payable(4,137)5,626 
Other-net(1,632)(10,360)
Net cash provided by operating activities31,199 51,230 
Investing Activities
Transactions with securities held to maturity:
Proceeds from maturities and redemptions28,369 28,936 
Purchases(200)(135,130)
Transactions with securities available for sale:
Proceeds from maturities and redemptions50,521 206,993 
Purchases— (435,563)
Purchases of FHLB stock(505)(1,558)
Proceeds from the redemption of FHLB stock201 340 
Proceeds from bank owned life insurance— 2,931 
Proceeds from sale of loans21,767 15,483 
Proceeds from sale of other assets1,461 2,226 
Net (increase) decrease in loans and leases(133,137)2,970 
Purchases of premises and equipment and other assets(4,419)(2,322)
Net cash used in investing activities(35,942)(314,694)
Financing Activities
Net decrease in other short-term borrowings(42,566)(6,611)
Net increase in deposits189,364 430,633 
Repayments of other long-term debt(175)(169)
Repayments of capital lease obligation(122)(115)
Dividends paid(10,837)(10,578)
Purchase of treasury stock(1,488)(1,643)
Net cash provided by financing activities134,176 411,517 
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents129,433 148,053 
Cash and cash equivalents at January 1395,372 356,581 
Cash and cash equivalents at March 31$524,805 $504,634 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited consolidated financial statements.
8


ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1 Basis of Presentation
The accounting and reporting policies of First Commonwealth Financial Corporation and its subsidiaries (“First Commonwealth” or the “Company”) conform with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”). The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual realized amounts could differ from those estimates. In the opinion of management, the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements include all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of First Commonwealth’s financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income, cash flows and changes in shareholders’ equity as of and for the periods presented. Certain information and Note disclosures normally included in Consolidated Financial Statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from banks, federal funds sold and interest-bearing bank deposits. Generally, federal funds are sold for one-day periods.
The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year of 2021.2022. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with First Commonwealth’s 20202021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Note 2 Supplemental Comprehensive Income Disclosures
The following table identifies the related tax effects allocated to each component of other comprehensive income (“OCI”) in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Reclassification adjustments related to securities available for sale are included in the "Net securities gains" line and reclassification adjustments related to losses on derivatives are included in the "Other operating" line in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income.
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020
Pretax AmountTax (Expense) BenefitNet of Tax AmountPretax AmountTax (Expense) BenefitNet of Tax Amount
(dollars in thousands)
Unrealized (losses) gains on securities:
Unrealized holding (losses) gains on securities arising during the period$(15,804)$3,319 $(12,485)$19,503 $(4,096)$15,407 
Reclassification adjustment for gains on securities included in net income(6)(5)(19)(15)
Total unrealized (losses) gains on securities(15,810)3,320 (12,490)19,484 (4,092)15,392 
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on derivatives arising during the period1,842 (387)1,455 (4,581)962 (3,619)
Reclassification adjustment for losses on derivatives included in net income
Total unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives1,842 (387)1,455 (4,581)962 (3,619)
Total other comprehensive (loss) income$(13,968)$2,933 $(11,035)$14,903 $(3,130)$11,773 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
Pretax AmountTax (Expense) BenefitNet of Tax AmountPretax AmountTax (Expense) BenefitNet of Tax Amount
(dollars in thousands)
Unrealized losses on securities:
Unrealized holding losses on securities arising during the period$(57,251)$12,023 $(45,228)$(15,804)$3,319 $(12,485)
Reclassification adjustment for gains on securities included in net income(2)— (2)(6)(5)
Total unrealized losses on securities(57,253)12,023 (45,230)(15,810)3,320 (12,490)
Unrealized (losses) gains on derivatives:
Unrealized holding (losses) gains on derivatives arising during the period(17,926)3,764 (14,162)1,842 (387)1,455 
Total unrealized (losses) gains on derivatives(17,926)3,764 (14,162)1,842 (387)1,455 
Total other comprehensive loss$(75,179)$15,787 $(59,392)$(13,968)$2,933 $(11,035)



89

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)


The following table details the change in components of OCI for the three months ended March 31:

020212020
20222021
Securities Available for SalePost-Retirement ObligationDerivativesAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Securities Available for SalePost-Retirement ObligationDerivativesAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Securities Available for SalePost-Retirement ObligationDerivativesAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Securities Available for SalePost-Retirement ObligationDerivativesAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands)
Balance at December 31Balance at December 31$20,310 $(182)$(2,895)$17,233 $4,580 $365 $634 $5,579 Balance at December 31$(3,317)$95 $(5,546)$(8,768)$20,310 $(182)$(2,895)$17,233 
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassification adjustment(12,485)1,455 (11,030)15,407 (3,619)11,788 
Other comprehensive loss before reclassification adjustmentOther comprehensive loss before reclassification adjustment(45,228)— (14,162)(59,390)(12,485)— 1,455 (11,030)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) incomeAmounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income(5)(5)(15)(15)Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income(2)— — (2)(5)— — (5)
Net other comprehensive (loss) income during the period(12,490)1,455 (11,035)15,392 (3,619)11,773 
Net other comprehensive loss during the periodNet other comprehensive loss during the period(45,230)— (14,162)(59,392)(12,490)— 1,455 (11,035)
Balance at March 31Balance at March 31$7,820 $(182)$(1,440)$6,198 $19,972 $365 $(2,985)$17,352 Balance at March 31$(48,547)$95 $(19,708)$(68,160)$7,820 $(182)$(1,440)$6,198 

Note 3 Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures
The following table presents information related to cash paid during the period for interest and income taxes, as well as detail on non-cash investing and financing activities for the three months ended March 31:
20212020
(dollars in thousands)
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest$3,483 $10,551 
Income taxes32 80 
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Loans transferred to other real estate owned and repossessed assets944 1,961 
Loans transferred from held to maturity to held for sale17,749 10,858 
Loans transferred from available for sale to held to maturity385 
Gross (decrease) increase in market value adjustment to securities available for sale(15,810)19,484 
Gross increase (decrease) in market value adjustment to derivatives1,842 (4,581)
Noncash treasury stock reissuance2,041 1,594 
Proceeds from death benefit on bank owned life insurance not received(384)(356)

20222021
(dollars in thousands)
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest$1,755 $3,483 
Income taxes9,020 32 
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Loans transferred to other real estate owned and repossessed assets647 944 
Loans transferred from held to maturity to held for sale18,627 17,749 
Gross decrease in market value adjustment to securities available for sale(57,254)(15,810)
Gross (decrease) increase in market value adjustment to derivatives(17,926)1,842 
Noncash treasury stock reissuance1,947 2,041 
Proceeds from death benefit on bank owned life insurance not received397 (384)
910

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 4 Earnings per Share
The following table summarizes the composition of the weighted-average common shares (denominator) used in the basic and diluted earnings per share computations:
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20222021
Weighted average common shares issued113,914,902 113,914,902 
Average treasury stock shares(19,654,309)(17,718,410)
Average deferred compensation shares(55,684)(55,544)
Average unearned nonvested shares(126,210)(114,082)
Weighted average common shares and common stock equivalents used to calculate basic earnings per share94,078,699 96,026,866 
Additional common stock equivalents (nonvested stock) used to calculate diluted earnings per share176,913 151,200 
Additional common stock equivalents (deferred compensation) used to calculate diluted earnings per share55,712 55,581 
Weighted average common shares and common stock equivalents used to calculate diluted earnings per share94,311,324 96,233,647 
Basic Earnings per Share$0.29 $0.41 
Diluted Earnings per Share$0.29 $0.41 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020
Weighted average common shares issued113,914,902 113,914,902 
Average treasury stock shares(17,718,410)(15,672,850)
Average deferred compensation shares(55,544)(38,453)
Average unearned nonvested shares(114,082)(79,972)
Weighted average common shares and common stock equivalents used to calculate basic earnings per share96,026,866 98,123,627 
Additional common stock equivalents (nonvested stock) used to calculate diluted earnings per share151,200 196,441 
Additional common stock equivalents (deferred compensation) used to calculate diluted earnings per share55,581 41,426 
Weighted average common shares and common stock equivalents used to calculate diluted earnings per share96,233,647 98,361,494 
Basic Earnings per Share$0.41 $0.05 
Diluted Earnings per Share$0.41 $0.05 
The following table shows the number of shares and the price per share related to common stock equivalents that were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 31 because to do so would have been antidilutive.
20212020
Price RangePrice Range
SharesFromToSharesFromTo
Restricted Stock79,497 $13.72 $14.22 75,208 $13.82 $15.44 
Restricted Stock Units16,730 $16.41 $16.41 42,509 $13.72 $15.37 
20222021
Price RangePrice Range
SharesFromToSharesFromTo
Restricted Stock23,621 $15.81 $16.25 79,497 $13.72 $14.22 
Restricted Stock Units12,793 $21.08 $21.08 16,730 $16.41 $16.41 

Note 5 Commitments and Contingent Liabilities
Commitments and Letters of Credit
Standby letters of credit and commercial letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by First Commonwealth to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. The contract or notional amount of these instruments reflects the maximum amount of future payments that First Commonwealth could be required to pay under the guarantees if there were a total default by the guaranteed parties, without consideration of possible recoveries under recourse provisions or from collateral held or pledged. In addition, many of these commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon; therefore, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements.
The following table identifies the notional amount of those instruments at:
March 31, 2021December 31, 2020
 (dollars in thousands)
Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk:
Commitments to extend credit$2,136,708 $2,097,628 
Financial standby letters of credit16,331 15,988 
Performance standby letters of credit17,393 16,864 
Commercial letters of credit766 783 
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
 (dollars in thousands)
Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk:
Commitments to extend credit$2,376,865 $2,353,991 
Financial standby letters of credit17,985 18,824 
Performance standby letters of credit17,584 10,663 
Commercial letters of credit975 975 
 
The notional amounts outstanding as of March 31, 20212022 include amounts issued in 20212022 of $0.2$7.0 million in performance standby letters of credit and $0.1 million incredit. There were no financial standby letters of credit. There were 0credit or commercial letters of credit issued in 2021.2022, however there was a change in terms for one letter of credit which increased its commitment amount. A liability of $0.1 million has been recorded as of both March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, which represents the estimated
1011

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

recorded as of both March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, which represents the estimated fair value of letters of credit issued. The fair value of letters of credit is estimated based on the unrecognized portion of fees received at the time the commitment was issued.
Unused commitments and letters of credit provide exposure to future credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the borrower or guaranteed parties. Management’s evaluation of the credit risk related to these commitments resulted in the recording of a liability of $4.3$8.6 million and $7.4$6.4 million as of March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, respectively. This liability is reflected in "Other liabilities" in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The credit risk evaluation incorporates the expected loss percentage calculated for comparable loan categories as part of the allowance for credit losses for loans as well as estimated utilization for each loan category.
Legal Proceedings
First Commonwealth and its subsidiaries are subject in the normal course of business to various pending and threatened legal proceedings in which claims for monetary damages are asserted. As of March 31, 2021,2022, management, after consultation with legal counsel, does not anticipate that the aggregate ultimate liability arising out of litigation pending or threatened against First Commonwealth or its subsidiaries will be material to First Commonwealth’s consolidated financial position. On at least a quarterly basis, First Commonwealth assesses its liabilities and contingencies in connection with such legal proceedings. For those matters where it is probable that First Commonwealth will incur losses and the amounts of the losses can be reasonably estimated, First Commonwealth records an expense and corresponding liability in its consolidated financial statements. To the extent the pending or threatened litigation could result in exposure in excess of that liability, the amount of such excess is not currently estimable. Although not considered probable, the range of reasonably possible losses for such matters in the aggregate, beyond the existing recorded liability (if any), is between $0 and $1 million. Although First Commonwealth does not believe that the outcome of pending litigation will be material to First Commonwealth’s consolidated financial position, it cannot rule out the possibility that such outcomes will be material to the consolidated results of operations and cash flows for a particular reporting period in the future.
First Commonwealth Bank was named a defendant in an action that commenced on October 14, 2020 in the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. The plaintiffs allege that the Bank violated the Pennsylvania Commercial Code by failing to provide accurate and complete notices of repossession and post-sale notices to certain Pennsylvania customers whose motor vehicles were repossessed and later sold at public sales. Plaintiffs seek to pursue the action as a statewide class action on behalf of themselves and other allegedly similarly situated defaulting borrowers who had their motor vehicles repossessed and seeks to recover statutory damages. The Bank intends to vigorously defend against the plaintiffs’ claims and any request for class certification. The plaintiffs have not made any formal or specific financial demand and due to the preliminary status of this case any possible loss cannot be reasonably estimated at this time and is not included in the range set forth in the preceding paragraph. The Bank filed preliminary objections seeking the dismissal of the action. On May 4, 2021, the Court issued an order sustaining the Bank’s preliminary objections and dismissing the plaintiffs’ complaint with prejudice. This order remains subject to appeal by the plaintiffs.
11

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 6 Investment Securities
Securities Available for Sale
Below is an analysis of the amortized cost and estimated fair values of securities available for sale at:
 March 31, 2021December 31, 2020
 Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential$6,067 $623 $$6,690 $6,492 $738 $$7,230 
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Commercial268,890 4,597 (586)272,901 182,823 8,357 191,180 
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential724,611 11,082 (7,025)728,668 481,109 14,924 496,033 
Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises1,000 (25)975 100,996 100,998 
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions9,647 132 (214)9,565 11,154 243 11,397 
Corporate Securities23,146 1,388 (75)24,459 22,941 1,444 24,385 
Total Securities Available for Sale$1,033,361 $17,822 $(7,925)$1,043,258 $805,515 $25,708 $$831,223 
 March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
 Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential$4,884 $198 $(16)$5,066 $5,242 $420 $— $5,662 
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Commercial350,918 25 (21,715)329,228 365,024 1,725 (4,459)362,290 
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential596,272 504 (39,517)557,259 632,687 6,308 (9,021)629,974 
Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises1,000 — (65)935 1,000 — (19)981 
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions9,515 21 (614)8,922 9,538 89 (103)9,524 
Corporate Securities32,068 488 (762)31,794 32,088 973 (112)32,949 
Total Securities Available for Sale$994,657 $1,236 $(62,689)$933,204 $1,045,579 $9,515 $(13,714)$1,041,380 

Mortgage-backed securities include mortgage-backed obligations of U.S. Government agencies and obligations of U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises. These obligations have contractual maturities ranging from less than one year to approximately 30 years with lower anticipated lives to maturity due to prepayments. All mortgage-backed securities contain a certain amount of risk related to the uncertainty of prepayments of the underlying mortgages. Interest rate changes have a direct impact upon prepayment speeds; therefore, First Commonwealth uses computer simulation models to test the average life and yield volatility of all mortgage-backed securities under various interest rate scenarios to monitor the potential impact on earnings and interest rate risk positions.

Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or repay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Other fixed income securities within the portfolio also contain prepayment risk.
12

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Mortgage-backed securities include mortgage-backed obligations of U.S. Government agencies and obligations of U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises. These obligations have contractual maturities ranging from less than one year to approximately 30 years, with lower anticipated lives to maturity due to prepayments. All mortgage-backed securities contain a certain amount of risk related to the uncertainty of prepayments of the underlying mortgages. Interest rate changes have a direct impact upon prepayment speeds; therefore, First Commonwealth uses computer simulation models to test the average life and yield volatility of all mortgage-backed securities under various interest rate scenarios to monitor the potential impact on earnings and interest rate risk positions.

Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or repay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. Other fixed income securities within the portfolio also contain prepayment risk.
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities available for sale at March 31, 2021,2022, by contractual maturity, are shown below.
Amortized
Cost
Estimated
Fair Value
 (dollars in thousands)
Due within 1 year$5,000 $5,086 
Due after 1 but within 5 years12,870 13,670 
Due after 5 but within 10 years15,923 16,243 
Due after 10 years
33,793 34,999 
Mortgage-Backed Securities (a)999,568 1,008,259 
Total Debt Securities$1,033,361 $1,043,258 
Amortized
Cost
Estimated
Fair Value
 (dollars in thousands)
Due within 1 year$4,998 $5,053 
Due after 1 but within 5 years8,878 8,915 
Due after 5 but within 10 years28,707 27,683 
Due after 10 years— — 
42,583 41,651 
Mortgage-Backed Securities (a)952,074 891,553 
Total Debt Securities$994,657 $933,204 
 
(a)Mortgage-backed and collateralized mortgage securities, which have prepayment provisions, are not assigned to maturity categories due to fluctuations in their prepayment speeds. Mortgage-Backed Securities include an amortized cost of $275.0$355.8 million and a fair value of $279.6$334.3 million for Obligations of U.S. Government agencies issued by Ginnie Mae and an amortized cost of $724.6$596.3 million and a fair value of $728.7$557.3 million for Obligations of U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
 
Proceeds from sales, gross gains (losses) realized on sales maturities and other-than-temporary impairment chargesmaturities related to securities held to maturity and securities available for sale were as follows for the three months ended March 31:
20212020
 (dollars in thousands)
Proceeds from sales$$
Gross gains (losses) realized:
Sales transactions:
Gross gains$$
Gross losses
Maturities
Gross gains19 
Gross losses
19 
Net gains and impairment$$19 
20222021
 (dollars in thousands)
Proceeds from sales$— $— 
Gross gains (losses) realized:
Sales transactions:
Gross gains$— $— 
Gross losses— — 
— — 
Maturities
Gross gains
Gross losses— — 
Net gains$$
Securities available for sale with an estimated fair value of $621.9$675.5 million and $792.1$759.1 million were pledged as of March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, respectively, to secure public deposits and for other purposes required or permitted by law.
13

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Securities Held to Maturity
Below is an analysis of the amortized cost and fair values of debt securities held to maturity at:
 March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
 Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential$2,305 $— $(41)$2,264 $2,409 $101 $— $2,510 
Mortgage-Backed Securities- Commercial86,281 — (6,284)79,997 91,439 305 (1,939)89,805 
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential366,380 76 (26,251)340,205 387,848 2,800 (5,758)384,890 
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Commercial6,672 — 6,680 7,309 148 — 7,457 
Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises21,983 — (2,124)19,859 21,904 — (625)21,279 
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions28,290 76 (1,272)27,094 29,402 414 (103)29,713 
Debt Securities Issued by Foreign Governments1,000 — (11)989 1,000 — (3)997 
Total Securities Held to Maturity$512,911 $160 $(35,983)$477,088 $541,311 $3,768 $(8,428)$536,651 
 March 31, 2021December 31, 2020
 Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Amortized
Cost
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential$2,679 $123 $$2,802 $2,766 $138 $$2,904 
Mortgage-Backed Securities- Commercial58,484 992 (512)58,964 36,799 1,441 38,240 
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential279,970 4,134 (3,763)280,341 277,351 5,389 (10)282,730 
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Commercial9,121 316 9,437 9,737 344 10,081 
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions35,109 484 (264)35,329 34,391 705 35,096 
Debt Securities Issued by Foreign Governments800 800 800 800 
Total Securities Held to Maturity$407,833 $6,049 $(5,764)$408,118 $361,844 $8,017 $(10)$369,851 
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of debt securities held to maturity at March 31, 2021,2022, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or repay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
Amortized
Cost
Estimated
Fair Value
 (dollars in thousands)
Due within 1 year$2,887 $2,904 
Due after 1 but within 5 years5,117 5,179 
Due after 5 but within 10 years45,774 44,717 
Due after 10 years3,801 3,774 
57,579 56,574 
Mortgage-Backed Securities (a)350,254 351,544 
Total Debt Securities$407,833 $408,118 
Amortized
Cost
Estimated
Fair Value
 (dollars in thousands)
Due within 1 year$706 $709 
Due after 1 but within 5 years7,007 6,997 
Due after 5 but within 10 years42,998 39,752 
Due after 10 years562 484 
51,273 47,942 
Mortgage-Backed Securities (a)461,638 429,146 
Total Debt Securities$512,911 $477,088 
(a)Mortgage-backed and collateralized mortgage securities, which have prepayment provisions, are not assigned to maturity categories due to fluctuations in their prepayment speeds. Mortgage-Backed Securities include an amortized cost of $61.2$88.6 million and a fair value of $61.8$82.3 million for Obligations of U.S. Government agencies issued by Ginnie Mae and an amortized cost of $289.1$373.0 million and a fair value of $289.8$346.9 million for Obligations of U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
Securities held to maturity with an amortized cost of $305.8$347.6 million and $228.1$313.9 million were pledged as of March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, respectively, to secure public deposits and for other purposes required or permitted by law.
Other Investments
As a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB"), First Commonwealth is required to purchase and hold stock in the FHLB to satisfy membership and borrowing requirements. The level of stock required to be held is dependent on the amount of First Commonwealth's mortgage-related assets and outstanding borrowings with the FHLB. This stock is restricted in that it can only be sold to the FHLB or to another member institution, and all sales of FHLB stock must be at par. As a result of these
14

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

only be sold to the FHLB or to another member institution, and all sales of FHLB stock must be at par. As a result of these restrictions, FHLB stock is unlike other investment securities insofar as there is no trading market for FHLB stock and the transfer price is determined by FHLB membership rules and not by market participants. As of March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, our FHLB stock totaled $11.8$12.0 million and $10.6$11.7 million, respectively, and is included in “Other investments” on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
FHLB stock is held as a long-term investment and its value is determined based on the ultimate recoverability of the par value. First Commonwealth evaluates impairment quarterly and has concluded that the par value of its investment in FHLB stock will be recovered. Accordingly, no impairment charge was recorded on these securities during the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022.
As of both March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, "Other investments" also includes $1.7$1.2 million in equity securities. These securities do not have a readily determinable fair value and are carried at cost. During the three-months ended March 31, 20212022 and 2020,2021, there were 0no gains or losses recognized through earnings on equity securities. On a quarterly basis, management evaluates equity securities by reviewing the severity and duration of decline in estimated fair value, research reports, analysts’ recommendations, credit rating changes, news stories, annual reports, regulatory filings, impact of interest rate changes and other relevant information.
Impairment of Investment Securities
We review our investment portfolio on a quarterly basis for indications of impairment. For available for sale securities, the
review includes analyzing the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer, including any specific events which
may influence the operations of the issuer and whether we are more likely than not to sell the security. We evaluate whether we
are more likely than not to sell debt securities based upon our investment strategy for the particular type of security and our
cash flow needs, liquidity position, capital adequacy, tax position and interest rate risk position. Held-to-maturity securities are
evaluated for impairment on a quarterly basis using historical probability of default and loss given default information specific
to the investment category. If this evaluation determines that credit losses exist an allowance for credit loss is recorded and
included in earnings as a component of credit loss expense.
First Commonwealth utilizes the specific identification method to determine the net gain or loss on debt securities and the average cost method to determine the net gain or loss on equity securities.
The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair values at March 31, 20212022 for both available for sale and held to maturity securities by investment category and time frame for which securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:
 Less Than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
 Estimated
Fair Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Commercial$91,266 $(1,098)$$$91,266 $(1,098)
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential481,498 (10,788)481,498 (10,788)
Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises21,421 (1,250)21,421 (1,250)
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions16,919 (478)16,919 (478)
Corporate Securities5,125 (75)5,125 (75)
Total Securities$616,229 $(13,689)$$$616,229 $(13,689)
 Less Than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
 Estimated
Fair Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential$4,672 $(57)$— $— $4,672 $(57)
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Commercial355,202 (24,189)42,690 (3,810)397,892 (27,999)
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential622,340 (36,828)254,048 (28,940)876,388 (65,768)
Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises— — 20,794 (2,189)20,794 (2,189)
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions21,606 (1,618)2,637 (268)24,243 (1,886)
Debt Securities Issued by Foreign Governments589 (11)— — 589 (11)
Corporate Securities13,311 (688)5,027 (74)18,338 (762)
Total Securities$1,017,720 $(63,391)$325,196 $(35,281)$1,342,916 $(98,672)
    
At March 31, 2021,2022, fixed income securities issued by the U.S. Government and U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises comprised 88%97% of total unrealized losses. All unrealized losses due toare the result of changes in market interest rates. At March 31, 2021,2022, there are 49165 debt securities in an unrealized loss position.
15

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following table presents the gross unrealized losses and estimated fair values at December 31, 20202021 by investment category and time frame for which securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position:
 Less Than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
 Estimated
Fair Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential$3,755 $(10)$$$3,755 $(10)
Total Securities$3,755 $(10)$$$3,755 $(10)
 Less Than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
 Estimated
Fair Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
Estimated
Fair Value
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Commercial$320,414 $(6,398)$— $— $320,414 $(6,398)
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities – Residential658,965 (14,779)— — 658,965 (14,779)
Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises22,261 (644)— — 22,261 (644)
Obligation of States and Political Subdivisions11,213 (206)— — 11,213 (206)
Debt Securities Issued by Foreign Governments997 (3)— — 997 (3)
Corporate Securities19,013 (112)— — 19,013 (112)
Total Securities$1,032,863 $(22,142)$— $— $1,032,863 $(22,142)
As of March 31, 2021,2022, our corporate securities had an amortized cost and an estimated fair value of $23.1$32.1 million and $24.5$31.8 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2020,2021, our corporate securities had an amortized cost and estimated fair value of $22.9$32.1 million and $24.4$32.9 million, respectively. Corporate securities are comprised of debt issued by large regional banks. There was 1were 4 corporate securitysecurities in an unrealized loss position as of March 31, 20212022 and NaN as of December 31, 2020.2021. When unrealized losses exist, management reviews each of the issuer’s asset quality, earnings trends and capital position to determine whether the unrealized loss position is a result of credit losses. All interest payments on the corporate securities are being made as contractually required.
There was 0no expected credit related impairment recognized on investment securities during the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 2020.2021.
16

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 7 Loans and Leases and Allowance for Credit Losses
Loans and leases are presented in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition net of deferred fees and costs, and discounts related to purchased loans. Net deferred fees were $8.3$2.9 million and $6.0$0.8 million as of March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, respectively, and discounts on purchased loans were $6.8 million and $7.0$6.0 million at both March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020, respectively.2021. The following table provides outstanding balances related to each of our loan types:
March 31, 2021December 31, 2020
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$1,555,671 $1,555,986 
Time and demand1,541,280 1,541,382 
Commercial credit cards14,391 14,604 
Real estate construction404,580 427,221 
Residential real estate1,756,615 1,750,592 
Residential first lien1,152,314 1,144,323 
Residential junior lien/home equity604,301 606,269 
Commercial real estate2,167,506 2,211,569 
Multifamily363,604 371,239 
Nonowner occupied1,393,968 1,421,151 
Owner occupied409,934 419,179 
Loans to individuals852,522 815,815 
Automobile759,061 712,800 
Consumer credit cards10,901 12,360 
Consumer other82,560 90,655 
Total loans$6,736,894 $6,761,183 
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$1,123,690 $1,173,452 
Time and demand992,477 1,159,524 
Commercial credit cards13,675 13,928 
Equipment finance2,505 
Time and demand other115,033 
Real estate construction398,988 494,456 
Construction other307,411 
Construction residential91,577 
Residential real estate2,006,221 1,920,250 
Residential first lien1,381,742 1,299,534 
Residential junior lien/home equity624,479 620,716 
Commercial real estate2,344,281 2,251,097 
Multifamily401,581 385,432 
Nonowner occupied1,516,518 1,465,247 
Owner occupied426,182 400,418 
Loans to individuals1,078,932 999,975 
Automobile and recreational vehicles984,001 901,280 
Consumer credit cards10,675 11,151 
Consumer other84,256 87,544 
Total loans and leases$6,952,112 $6,839,230 
In the table above, Commercial, financial, agricultural and other loans at March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 20202021 includes $478.5$28.9 million and $478.9$71.3 million, respectively, in Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP") loans for small businesses who meet the necessary eligibility requirements. PPP loans are 100% guaranteed by the Small Business Administration ("SBA") under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act") and are forgivable, in whole or in part, if the proceeds are used for payroll and other permitted purposes in accordance with the PPP requirements. Because PPP loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA, there is no allowance for credit losses recognized for these loans. Although the Company believes that the majority of these loans will ultimately be forgiven by the SBA in accordance with the terms of the program, there could be risks and liability to the Company associated with participation in the program.
First Commonwealth’s loan portfolio includes five primary loan categories. When calculating the allowance for credit losses these categories are classified into fourteen portfolio segments. The composition of loans by portfolio segment includes:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other
Time & Demand - Consists primarily of commercial and industrial loans. This category consists of loans that are typically cash flow dependent and therefore have different risk and loss characteristics than other commercial loans. Loans in this category include revolving and term structures with fixed and variable interest rates. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and economic conditions measured by GDP.
Commercial Credit Cards - Consists of unsecured credit cards for commercial customers. These commercial credit cards have separate characteristics outside of normal commercial non-real estate loans, as they tend to have shorter overall duration. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and economic conditions measured by GDP.
1617

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

the majority of these loans will ultimately be forgiven by the SBA in accordance with the terms of the program, there could be risks and liability to the Company associated with participation in the program.
On March 27, 2020, the CARES Act was signed into law, providing banking organizations with optional, temporary relief from complying with CECL. The Company elected to defer its adoption of CECL until the fourth quarter 2020. At the end of the deferral period, CECL was adopted effective January 1, 2020. The allowance for credit losses for the interim period ending March 31, 2020, was calculated in accordance with previously applicable GAAP.
First Commonwealth’s loan portfolio includes five primary loan categories. When calculating the allowance for credit losses these categories are classified into eleven portfolio segments. The composition of loans by portfolio segment includes:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other
Time & DemandEquipment Finance - Consists primarily of commercial and industrial loans. This category consists of loans that are typically cash flow dependent and therefore have differentleases to finance the purchase of equipment for commercial customers. The risk and loss characteristics than other commercial loans. Loans inare unique for this category include revolving and term structures with fixed and variable interest rates.group due to the type of collateral. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and economic conditions measured by GDP. There were no equipment finance loans or leases in the portfolio prior to the first quarter of 2022.
Commercial Credit CardsTime & Demand Other - Consists primarily of unsecured credit cards forloans to state and political subdivisions and other commercial customers. These commercial credit cardsloans that have separatedifferent characteristics outside of normal commercial non-real estatethan loans as they tend to have shorter overall duration.in the Time and Demand category. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemploymenthousehold debt to income and economic conditions measured by GDP. Prior to the first quarter of 2022, these loans were included in the Time and Demand category. The breakout into a separate category is the result of an annual review of the peer group loss history and loss drivers used in the Allowance for Credit Losses model.
Real estate construction
Includes both 1-4Construction Other - Consists of construction loans to commercial builders and developers and are secured by the properties under development.
Construction Residential - Consists of loans to finance the construction of residential properties during the construction period. Borrowers are typically individuals who will occupy the completed single family and commercial construction loans. property.
The risk and loss characteristics of thethese two construction categorycategories are different than other real estate secured categories due to the collateral being at various stages of completion. The nature of the project and type of borrower of the two construction categories provides for unique risk and loss characteristics for each category. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this categoryconstruction loans include forecasts of national unemployment and measures of completed construction projects. Prior to the first quarter of 2022, all construction loans were included in one loan category. The breakout into separate construction categories is the result of an annual review of the peer group loss history and loss drivers used in the Allowance for Credit Losses model.
Residential real estate
Residential first lien - Consists of loans with collateral of 1-4 family residencies with a senior lien position. The risk and loss characteristics are unique for this group because the collateral for these loans are the borrower’s primary residence. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and residential property values.
Residential Junior Lien/Home Equity - Consists of loans with collateral of 1-4 family residencies with an open end line of credit or junior lien position. The junior lien position for the majority of these loans provides a higher risk of loss than other residential real estate loans. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and residential property values.
Commercial real estate
Multifamily - Consists of loans secured by commercial multifamily properties. Real estate related to rentals to consumers could provide unique risk and loss characteristics. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of commercial real estate values and national unemployment. In the first quarter of 2022, as a result of an annual review of peer group loss history and loss drivers, national unemployment replaced rental vacancy.vacancy as one of the primary macroeconomic drivers in this category.
Nonowner Occupied - Consists of loans secured by commercial real estate non-owner occupied and provides different loss characteristics than other real estate categories. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and economic conditions measured by GDP.
Owner Occupied - Consists of loans secured by commercial real estate owner occupied properties. The risk and loss characteristics of this category were considered different than other real estate categories because it is owner occupied and would impact the ability to conduct business. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of national unemployment and economic conditions measured by GDP.
Loans to individuals
Automobile and Recreational Vehicles- Consists of both direct and indirect loans with automobiles and recreational vehicles held as collateral. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of consumer sentiment and automobile retention value.
1718

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Consumer Credit Cards – Consists of unsecured consumer credit cardscards. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of consumer sentiment and economic conditions measured by GDP.
Other Consumer - Consists of lines of credit, student loans and other consumer loans, not secured by real estate or autos. The primary macroeconomic drivers for estimating credit losses for this category include forecasts of consumer sentiment and retail sales. In the levelfirst quarter of 2022, as a result of an annual review of peer group loss history and loss drivers, retail sales replaced household debt.debt as one of the primary macroeconomic factors for this category.
The allowance for credit losses is calculated by pooling loans of similar credit risk characteristics and applying a discounted cash flow methodology after incorporating probability of default and loss given default estimates. Probability of default represents an estimate of the likelihood of default and loss given default measures the expected loss upon default. Inputs impacting the expected losses include a forecast of macroeconomic factors, using a weighted forecast from a nationally recognized firm. Our model incorporates a one-year forecast of macroeconomic factors, after which the factors revert back to the historical mean over a one-year period. The most significant macroeconomic factor used in estimating credit losses is the national unemployment rate. The forecasted value for national unemployment at March 31, 2021the beginning of the forecast period was 6.24%3.87% and during the one-year forecast period it was projected to average 5.54%4.36%, with a peak of 6.02%4.58%. Current forecast assumptions consider the impact of rising interest rates, global oil prices and supply chain disruption, COVID-19, Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the potential effects of these on the US economy.
Credit Quality Information
As part of the on-going monitoring of credit quality within the loan portfolio, the following credit worthiness categories are used in grading our loans:
Pass  Acceptable levels of risk exist in the relationship. Includes all loans not classified as OAEM, substandard or doubtful.
Other Assets Especially Mentioned (OAEM)Potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. The potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects or weaken the Company’s credit position at some future date. The credit risk may be relatively minor, yet constitute an undesirable risk in light of the circumstances surrounding the specific credit. No loss of principal or interest is expected.
SubstandardWell-defined weakness or a weakness that jeopardizes the repayment of the debt. A loan may be classified as substandard as a result of deterioration of the borrower’s financial condition and repayment capacity. Loans for which repayment plans have not been met or collateral equity margins do not protect the Company may also be classified as substandard.
DoubtfulLoans with the characteristics of substandard loans with the added characteristic that collection or liquidation in full, on the basis of presently existing facts and conditions, is highly improbable.

The Company’s internal creditworthiness grading system provides a measurement of credit risk based primarily on an evaluation of the borrower’s cash flow and collateral. Category ratings are reviewed each quarter, at which time management analyzes the results, as well as other external statistics and factors related to loan performance.
18

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following tables represent our credit risk profile by creditworthiness:
 March 31, 2021
Non-Pass
PassOAEMSubstandardDoubtfulLossTotal Non-PassTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$1,499,180 $36,188 $20,303 $0 $0 $56,491 $1,555,671 
Time and demand1,484,789 36,188 20,303 56,491 1,541,280 
Commercial credit cards14,391 14,391 
Real estate construction404,044 482 54 0 0 536 404,580 
Residential real estate1,747,310 1,678 7,627 0 0 9,305 1,756,615 
Residential first lien1,146,787 1,562 3,965 5,527 1,152,314 
Residential junior lien/home equity600,523 116 3,662 3,778 604,301 
Commercial real estate1,962,008 161,769 43,729 0 0 205,498 2,167,506 
Multifamily362,937 128 539 667 363,604 
Nonowner occupied1,206,587 150,850 36,531 187,381 1,393,968 
Owner occupied392,484 10,791 6,659 17,450 409,934 
Loans to individuals852,209 0 313 0 0 313 852,522 
Automobile758,824 237 237 759,061 
Consumer credit cards10,901 10,901 
Consumer other82,484 76 76 82,560 
Total loans$6,464,751 $200,117 $72,026 $0 $0 $272,143 $6,736,894 
 December 31, 2020
Non-Pass
PassOAEMSubstandardDoubtfulLossTotal Non-PassTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$1,491,916 $48,233 $15,837 $0 $0 $64,070 $1,555,986 
Time and demand1,477,312 48,233 15,837 64,070 1,541,382 
Commercial credit cards14,604 14,604 
Real estate construction426,663 504 54 0 0 558 427,221 
Residential real estate1,740,992 1,902 7,698 0 0 9,600 1,750,592 
Residential first lien1,138,409 1,780 4,134 5,914 1,144,323 
Residential junior lien/home equity602,583 122 3,564 3,686 606,269 
Commercial real estate1,983,258 175,995 52,316 0 0 228,311 2,211,569 
Multifamily369,883 131 1,225 1,356 371,239 
Nonowner occupied1,216,252 161,336 43,563 204,899 1,421,151 
Owner occupied397,123 14,528 7,528 22,056 419,179 
Loans to individuals815,541 0 274 0 0 274 815,815 
Automobile712,539 261 261 712,800 
Consumer credit cards12,360 12,360 
Consumer other90,642 13 13 90,655 
Total loans$6,458,370 $226,634 $76,179 $0 $0 $302,813 $6,761,183 

19

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following table summarizes the loan risk rating category by loan type including term loans on an amortized cost basis by origination year:
March 31, 2021
Term LoansRevolving Loans
20212020201920182017PriorTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Time and demand$257,058 $396,576 $189,596 $122,119 $66,911 $144,948 $364,072 $1,541,280 
Pass257,058 396,448 186,044 121,121 58,332 122,354 343,432 1,484,789 
OAEM92 3,182 407 2,208 14,292 16,007 36,188 
Substandard36 370 591 6,371 8,302 4,633 20,303 
Commercial credit cards0 0 0 0 0 0 14,391 14,391 
Pass14,391 14,391 
Real estate construction9,316 180,780 126,114 70,292 14,708 1,726 1,644 404,580 
Pass9,316 180,780 126,114 70,292 14,708 1,442 1,392 404,044 
OAEM230 252 482 
Substandard54 54 
Residential first lien83,849 331,249 165,945 122,959 99,601 346,732 1,979 1,152,314 
Pass83,849 331,226 165,945 122,578 99,536 341,751 1,902 1,146,787 
OAEM79 1,406 77 1,562 
Substandard23 302 65 3,575 3,965 
Residential junior lien/home equity6,749 2,922 5,294 4,154 1,801 7,763 575,618 604,301 
Pass6,749 2,922 5,211 4,154 1,801 7,522 572,164 600,523 
OAEM106 10 116 
Substandard83 135 3,444 3,662 
Multifamily7,020 76,288 16,794 70,837 79,170 112,089 1,406 363,604 
Pass7,020 76,288 16,794 70,837 79,170 111,422 1,406 362,937 
OAEM128 128 
Substandard539 539 
Nonowner occupied19,627 99,280 202,069 166,231 206,739 693,120 6,902 1,393,968 
Pass19,627 99,280 196,474 156,236 164,325 564,024 6,621 1,206,587 
OAEM5,595 9,995 35,497 99,636 127 150,850 
Substandard6,917 29,460 154 36,531 
Owner occupied13,323 57,587 66,580 55,783 39,600 172,403 4,658 409,934 
Pass13,323 55,839 65,010 53,992 38,257 161,623 4,440 392,484 
OAEM1,748 672 986 1,319 6,033 33 10,791 
Substandard898 805 24 4,747 185 6,659 
Automobile116,255 329,579 181,901 82,762 36,407 12,157 0 759,061 
Pass116,255 329,579 181,809 82,745 36,378 12,058 758,824 
Substandard92 17 29 99 237 
Consumer credit cards0 0 0 0 0 0 10,901 10,901 
Pass10,901 10,901 
Consumer other1,087 6,882 12,760 9,023 1,523 6,600 44,685 82,560 
Pass1,087 6,882 12,760 9,023 1,523 6,554 44,655 82,484 
Substandard46 30 76 
Total$514,284 $1,481,143 $967,053 $704,160 $546,460 $1,497,538 $1,026,256 $6,736,894 


 March 31, 2022
Non-Pass
PassOAEMSubstandardDoubtfulLossTotal Non-PassTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$1,090,034 $15,396 $18,260 $ $ $33,656 $1,123,690 
Time and demand959,190 15,396 17,891 — — 33,287 992,477 
Commercial credit cards13,675 — — — — — 13,675 
Equipment finance2,505 — — — — — 2,505 
Time and demand other114,664 — 369 — — 369 115,033 
Real estate construction398,233 281 474   755 398,988 
Construction other306,937 — 474 — — 474 307,411 
Construction residential91,296 281 — — — 281 91,577 
Residential real estate1,999,616 523 6,082   6,605 2,006,221 
Residential first lien1,378,124 455 3,163 — — 3,618 1,381,742 
Residential junior lien/home equity621,492 68 2,919 — — 2,987 624,479 
Commercial real estate2,211,496 82,590 50,195   132,785 2,344,281 
Multifamily361,021 25,588 14,972 — — 40,560 401,581 
Nonowner occupied1,434,603 52,231 29,684 — — 81,915 1,516,518 
Owner occupied415,872 4,771 5,539 — — 10,310 426,182 
Loans to individuals1,078,673  259   259 1,078,932 
Automobile and recreational vehicles983,838 — 163 — — 163 984,001 
Consumer credit cards10,675 — — — — — 10,675 
Consumer other84,160 — 96 — — 96 84,256 
Total loans and leases$6,778,052 $98,790 $75,270 $ $ $174,060 $6,952,112 
20

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

December 31, 2020
Term LoansRevolving Loans
20202019201820172016PriorTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Time and demand$598,053 $193,601 $142,224 $72,277 $74,228 $83,313 $377,686 $1,541,382 
Pass597,405 189,834 140,473 63,137 68,007 65,418 353,038 1,477,312 
OAEM93 3,373 972 8,820 6,182 8,043 20,750 48,233 
Substandard555 394 779 320 39 9,852 3,898 15,837 
Commercial credit cards0 0 0 0 0 0 14,604 14,604 
Pass14,604 14,604 
Real estate construction150,493 133,195 104,167 34,803 389 1,009 3,165 427,221 
Pass150,493 133,195 104,167 34,803 389 709 2,907 426,663 
OAEM246 258 504 
Substandard54 54 
Residential first lien316,052 184,550 142,823 110,365 91,495 297,057 1,981 1,144,323 
Pass316,028 184,533 142,467 110,260 91,059 292,158 1,904 1,138,409 
OAEM83 100 1,520 77 1,780 
Substandard24 17 273 105 336 3,379 4,134 
Residential junior lien/home equity3,055 5,783 4,545 2,005 1,303 7,127 582,451 606,269 
Pass3,055 5,698 4,545 2,005 1,303 6,909 579,068 602,583 
OAEM112 10 122 
Substandard85 106 3,373 3,564 
Multifamily76,249 16,287 69,439 66,963 34,383 106,328 1,590 371,239 
Pass76,249 16,287 69,439 66,963 34,383 104,972 1,590 369,883 
OAEM131 131 
Substandard1,225 1,225 
Nonowner occupied105,861 199,280 161,018 214,915 217,883 518,052 4,142 1,421,151 
Pass105,861 190,301 139,643 181,659 175,148 419,900 3,740 1,216,252 
OAEM8,979 21,375 26,339 37,762 66,752 129 161,336 
Substandard6,917 4,973 31,400 273 43,563 
Owner occupied59,519 72,313 61,079 40,796 27,415 152,555 5,502 419,179 
Pass58,551 70,726 55,478 39,351 26,359 141,376 5,282 397,123 
OAEM968 684 4,736 1,421 114 6,572 33 14,528 
Substandard903 865 24 942 4,607 187 7,528 
Automobile350,293 202,923 96,355 45,218 14,285 3,726 0 712,800 
Pass350,293 202,827 96,336 45,187 14,255 3,641 712,539 
Substandard96 19 31 30 85 261 
Consumer credit cards0 0 0 0 0 0 12,360 12,360 
Pass12,360 12,360 
Consumer other7,814 14,464 10,752 1,965 711 6,383 48,566 90,655 
Pass7,814 14,464 10,752 1,965 711 6,373 48,563 90,642 
Substandard10 13 
Total$1,667,389 $1,022,396 $792,402 $589,307 $462,092 $1,175,550 $1,052,047 $6,761,183 
 December 31, 2021
Non-Pass
PassOAEMSubstandardDoubtfulLossTotal Non-PassTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$1,121,234 $33,765 $18,453 $ $ $52,218 $1,173,452 
Time and demand1,107,306 33,765 18,453 — — 52,218 1,159,524 
Commercial credit cards13,928 — — — — — 13,928 
Real estate construction493,913 498 45   543 494,456 
Residential real estate1,913,064 976 6,210   7,186 1,920,250 
Residential first lien1,295,524 905 3,105 — — 4,010 1,299,534 
Residential junior lien/home equity617,540 71 3,105 — — 3,176 620,716 
Commercial real estate2,113,123 85,324 52,650   137,974 2,251,097 
Multifamily355,702 14,565 15,165 — — 29,730 385,432 
Nonowner occupied1,368,922 63,783 32,542 — — 96,325 1,465,247 
Owner occupied388,499 6,976 4,943 — — 11,919 400,418 
Loans to individuals999,770  205   205 999,975 
Automobile and recreational vehicles901,132 — 148 — — 148 901,280 
Consumer credit cards11,151 — — — — — 11,151 
Consumer other87,487 — 57 — — 57 87,544 
Total loans and leases$6,641,104 $120,563 $77,563 $ $ $198,126 $6,839,230 


The following table summarizes the loan risk rating category by loan type including term loans on an amortized cost basis by origination year:
21

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

March 31, 2022
Term LoansRevolving Loans
20222021202020192018PriorTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Time and demand$24,040 $210,288 $87,599 $126,639 $73,613 $73,454 $396,844 $992,477 
Pass24,040 209,897 85,098 110,803 73,326 64,994 391,032 959,190 
OAEM— 391 2,048 2,338 178 7,186 3,255 15,396 
Substandard— — 453 13,498 109 1,274 2,557 17,891 
Commercial credit cards      13,675 13,675 
Pass— — — — — — 13,675 13,675 
Equipment finance2,505       2,505 
Pass2,505 — — — — — — 2,505 
Time and demand other6,058 20,678 29,228 5,673 3,318 47,566 2,512 115,033 
Pass6,058 20,678 29,228 5,673 3,318 47,397 2,312 114,664 
Substandard— — — — — 169 200 369 
Construction other5,311 91,272 84,577 100,754 23,806 1,250 441 307,411 
Pass5,311 91,272 84,103 100,754 23,806 1,250 441 306,937 
Substandard— — 474 — — — — 474 
Construction residential3,265 85,129 2,430 735 18   91,577 
Pass3,265 85,129 2,149 735 18 — — 91,296 
OAEM— — 281 — — — — 281 
Residential first lien80,916 427,539 364,873 117,741 79,385 309,316 1,972 1,381,742 
Pass80,916 427,528 364,854 117,473 78,931 306,527 1,895 1,378,124 
OAEM— — — — 63 315 77 455 
Substandard— 11 19 268 391 2,474 — 3,163 
Residential junior lien/home equity18,665 55,709 1,926 2,922 2,426 5,884 536,947 624,479 
Pass18,665 55,709 1,926 2,848 2,426 5,736 534,182 621,492 
OAEM— — — — — 58 10 68 
Substandard— — — 74 — 90 2,755 2,919 
Multifamily19,494 89,609 78,400 27,474 35,535 149,698 1,371 401,581 
Pass19,494 89,609 78,400 27,474 21,035 123,638 1,371 361,021 
OAEM— — — — — 25,588 — 25,588 
Substandard— — — — 14,500 472 — 14,972 
Nonowner occupied46,087 194,623 121,039 200,683 185,938 764,263 3,885 1,516,518 
Pass46,087 194,623 121,039 200,683 156,700 712,831 2,640 1,434,603 
OAEM— — — — 15,240 35,903 1,088 52,231 
Substandard— — — — 13,998 15,529 157 29,684 
Owner occupied31,902 85,107 62,071 51,792 32,035 158,206 5,069 426,182 
Pass31,902 85,083 60,575 49,894 31,552 151,909 4,957 415,872 
OAEM— — 498 845 483 2,912 33 4,771 
Substandard— 24 998 1,053 — 3,385 79 5,539 
Automobile and recreational vehicles173,055 422,172 228,508 106,348 39,116 14,802  984,001 
Pass173,055 422,168 228,508 106,278 39,067 14,762 — 983,838 
Substandard— — 70 49 40 — 163 
Consumer credit cards      10,675 10,675 
Pass— — — — — — 10,675 10,675 
Consumer other1,667 20,590 3,947 6,792 4,065 5,394 41,801 84,256 
Pass1,667 20,590 3,947 6,783 4,065 5,352 41,756 84,160 
Substandard— — — — 42 45 96 
Total$412,965 $1,702,716 $1,064,598 $747,553 $479,255 $1,529,833 $1,015,192 $6,952,112 
22

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

December 31, 2021
Term LoansRevolving Loans
20212020201920182017PriorTotal
(dollars in thousands)
Time and demand$281,244 $126,403 $143,030 $91,118 $45,442 $111,127 $361,160 $1,159,524 
Pass280,854 125,728 128,080 83,204 31,472 102,399 355,569 1,107,306 
OAEM390 596 1,125 7,780 13,945 7,126 2,803 33,765 
Substandard— 79 13,825 134 25 1,602 2,788 18,453 
Commercial credit cards      13,928 13,928 
Pass— — — — — — 13,928 13,928 
Real estate construction202,016 129,298 123,153 38,267 441 841 440 494,456 
Pass201,992 128,824 123,153 38,267 441 796 440 493,913 
OAEM24 474 — — — — — 498 
Substandard— — — — — 45 — 45 
Residential first lien376,106 375,904 126,788 84,484 74,268 260,010 1,974 1,299,534 
Pass376,095 375,885 126,618 84,079 74,135 256,815 1,897 1,295,524 
OAEM— — — 67 — 761 77 905 
Substandard11 19 170 338 133 2,434 — 3,105 
Residential junior lien/home equity56,861 1,999 3,322 2,684 1,009 5,348 549,493 620,716 
Pass56,861 1,999 3,246 2,684 1,009 5,195 546,546 617,540 
OAEM— — — — — 61 10 71 
Substandard— — 76 — — 92 2,937 3,105 
Multifamily90,062 73,068 16,782 36,523 63,872 103,774 1,351 385,432 
Pass90,062 73,068 16,782 21,846 49,832 102,761 1,351 355,702 
OAEM— — — — 14,040 525 — 14,565 
Substandard— — — 14,677 — 488 — 15,165 
Nonowner occupied194,137 98,840 202,236 173,053 177,295 615,943 3,743 1,465,247 
Pass194,137 98,840 202,236 155,293 152,174 563,743 2,499 1,368,922 
OAEM— — — 3,723 19,235 39,737 1,088 63,783 
Substandard— — — 14,037 5,886 12,463 156 32,542 
Owner occupied77,710 62,380 53,954 34,115 32,989 134,713 4,557 400,418 
Pass77,710 59,973 51,513 33,623 31,644 129,593 4,443 388,499 
OAEM— 2,194 1,220 492 1,321 1,716 33 6,976 
Substandard— 213 1,221 — 24 3,404 81 4,943 
Automobile and recreational vehicles456,730 252,518 122,943 48,375 17,230 3,484  901,280 
Pass456,730 252,518 122,867 48,361 17,224 3,432 — 901,132 
Substandard— — 76 14 52 — 148 
Consumer credit cards      11,151 11,151 
Pass— — — — — — 11,151 11,151 
Consumer other22,156 4,655 8,030 5,084 542 5,503 41,574 87,544 
Pass22,156 4,655 8,030 5,084 542 5,460 41,560 87,487 
Substandard— — — — — 43 14 57 
Total$1,757,022 $1,125,065 $800,238 $513,703 $413,088 $1,240,743 $989,371 $6,839,230 
Portfolio Risks
The credit quality of our loan portfolio can potentially represent significant risk to our earnings, capital and liquidity. First Commonwealth devotes substantial resources to managing this risk primarily through our credit administration department that develops and administers policies and procedures for underwriting, maintaining, monitoring and collecting loans. Credit administration is independent of lending departments and oversight is provided by the Credit Committee of the First Commonwealth Board of Directors.
Total grossnet charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 were $1.1 million and 2020 were $3.3 million, and $3.5 million, respectively.
Age Analysis of Past Due Loans by Segment
The following tables delineate the aging analysis of the recorded investments in past due loans as of March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020. Also included in these tables are loans that are 90 days or more past due and still accruing because they are well-secured and in the process of collection.
 March 31, 2021
 30 - 59 days past due60 - 89 days past due90 days or greater and still accruingNonaccrualTotal past due and nonaccrualCurrentTotal
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$155 $31 $6 $8,729 $8,921 $1,546,750 $1,555,671 
Time and demand78 19 8,729 8,826 1,532,454 1,541,280 
Commercial credit cards77 112 95 14,296 14,391 
Real estate construction0 0 0 54 54 404,526 404,580 
Residential real estate3,407 681 482 6,806 11,376 1,745,239 1,756,615 
Residential first lien1,703 378 228 3,367 5,676 1,146,638 1,152,314 
Residential junior lien/home equity1,704 303 254 3,439 5,700 598,601 604,301 
Commercial real estate671 154 0 27,782 28,607 2,138,899 2,167,506 
Multifamily459 459 363,145 363,604 
Nonowner occupied154 102 25,018 25,274 1,368,694 1,393,968 
Owner occupied517 52 2,305 2,874 407,060 409,934 
Loans to individuals1,198 540 591 313 2,642 849,880 852,522 
Automobile775 1266 87 237 1,365 757,696 759,061 
Consumer credit cards58 56 42 156 10,745 10,901 
Consumer other365 218 462 76 1,121 81,439 82,560 
Total loans$5,431 $1,406 $1,079 $43,684 $51,600 $6,685,294 $6,736,894 
2223

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

 December 31, 2020
 30 - 59 days past due60 - 89 days past due90 days or greater and still accruingNonaccrualTotal past due and nonaccrualCurrentTotal
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$146 $62 $112 $3,317 $3,637 $1,552,349 $1,555,986 
Time and demand97 28 23 3,317 3,465 1,537,917 1,541,382 
Commercial credit cards49 134 89 172 14,432 14,604 
Real estate construction936 0 0 54 990 426,231 427,221 
Residential real estate3,883 1,492 769 6,824 12,968 1,737,624 1,750,592 
Residential first lien1,775 660 267 3,489 6,191 1,138,132 1,144,323 
Residential junior lien/home equity2,108 832 502 3,335 6,777 599,492 606,269 
Commercial real estate237 160 3 35,072 35,472 2,176,097 2,211,569 
Multifamily460 460 370,779 371,239 
Nonowner occupied18 104 31,822 31,944 1,389,207 1,421,151 
Owner occupied219 56 2,790 3,068 416,111 419,179 
Loans to individuals2,870 852 639 274 4,635 811,180 815,815 
Automobile2,090 1417 94 261 2,862 709,938 712,800 
Consumer credit cards52 39 123 214 12,146 12,360 
Consumer other728 396 422 13 1,559 89,096 90,655 
Total loans$8,072 $2,566 $1,523 $45,541 $57,702 $6,703,481 $6,761,183 
Age Analysis of Past Due Loans by Segment
The following tables delineate the aging analysis of the recorded investments in past due loans as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. Also included in these tables are loans that are 90 days or more past due and still accruing because they are well-secured and in the process of collection.
In the March 31, 2022 table below, $14.5 million in multifamily commercial real estate loans are reflected as 30-59 days past due. This balance relates to one commercial borrower and subsequent to March 31, 2022, the loan was paid off in full.
 March 31, 2022
 30 - 59 days past due60 - 89 days past due90 days or greater and still accruingNonaccrualTotal past due and nonaccrualCurrentTotal
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$160 $86 $998 $2,037 $3,281 $1,120,409 $1,123,690 
Time and demand110 30 989 2,037 3,166 989,311 992,477 
Commercial credit cards48 56 — 113 13,562 13,675 
Equipment finance— — — — — 2,505 2,505 
Time and demand other— — — 115,031 115,033 
Real estate construction418 474   892 398,096 398,988 
Construction other— 474 — — 474 306,937 307,411 
Construction residential418 — — — 418 91,159 91,577 
Residential real estate3,764 568 306 5,500 10,138 1,996,083 2,006,221 
Residential first lien2,268 156 104 2,777 5,305 1,376,437 1,381,742 
Residential junior lien/home equity1,496 412 202 2,723 4,833 619,646 624,479 
Commercial real estate15,140 108  22,784 38,032 2,306,249 2,344,281 
Multifamily14,500 — — 409 14,909 386,672 401,581 
Nonowner occupied511 71 — 21,160 21,742 1,494,776 1,516,518 
Owner occupied129 37 — 1,215 1,381 424,801 426,182 
Loans to individuals1,334 640 617 259 2,850 1,076,082 1,078,932 
Automobile and recreational vehicles803 299 122 163 1,387 982,614 984,001 
Consumer credit cards70 57 68 — 195 10,480 10,675 
Consumer other461 284 427 96 1,268 82,988 84,256 
Total loans and leases$20,816 $1,876 $1,921 $30,580 $55,193 $6,896,919 $6,952,112 
24

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

 December 31, 2021
 30 - 59 days past due60 - 89 days past due90 days or greater and still accruingNonaccrualTotal past due and nonaccrualCurrentTotal
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$633 $987 $155 $2,006 $3,781 $1,169,671 $1,173,452 
Time and demand605 972 144 2,006 3,727 1,155,797 1,159,524 
Commercial credit cards28 15 11 — 54 13,874 13,928 
Real estate construction813  448 45 1,306 493,150 494,456 
Residential real estate3,393 983 218 5,608 10,202 1,910,048 1,920,250 
Residential first lien1,934 354 51 2,706 5,045 1,294,489 1,299,534 
Residential junior lien/home equity1,459 629 167 2,902 5,157 615,559 620,716 
Commercial real estate 74  40,195 40,269 2,210,828 2,251,097 
Multifamily— — — 15,097 15,097 370,335 385,432 
Nonowner occupied— — — 23,930 23,930 1,441,317 1,465,247 
Owner occupied— 74 — 1,168 1,242 399,176 400,418 
Loans to individuals1,611 417 785 206 3,019 996,956 999,975 
Automobile and recreational vehicles1,228 175 199 148 1,750 899,530 901,280 
Consumer credit cards36 44 63 — 143 11,008 11,151 
Consumer other347 198 523 58 1,126 86,418 87,544 
Total loans and leases$6,450 $2,461 $1,606 $48,060 $58,577 $6,780,653 $6,839,230 
Nonaccrual Loans
The previous tables summarize nonaccrual loans by loan segment. The Company generally places loans on nonaccrual status when the full and timely collection of interest or principal becomes uncertain, when part of the principal balance has been charged off and no restructuring has occurred, or the loans reach a certain number of days past due. Generally, loans 90 days or more past due are placed on nonaccrual status, except for consumer loans, which are placed on nonaccrual status at 150 days past due.
When a loan is placed on nonaccrual, the accrued unpaid interest receivable is reversed against interest income and all future payments received are applied as a reduction to the loan principal. Generally, the loan is returned to accrual status when (a) all delinquent interest and principal becomes current under the terms of the loan agreement or (b) the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection and collectability is no longer in doubt.
Nonperforming Loans
Management considers loans to be nonperforming when, based on current information and events, it is determined that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the loan contract, including scheduled interest payments. Nonperforming loans include nonaccrual loans and all troubled debt restructured loans. When management identifies a loan as nonperforming, the credit loss is measured based on the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, except when the sole source for repayment of the loan is the operation or liquidation of collateral. When the loan is collateral dependent, the appraised value less estimated cost to sell is utilized. If management determines that the value of the loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan, a credit loss is recognized through an allowance estimate or a charge-off to the allowance for credit losses.
When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of a nonperforming loan is in doubt and the loan is on nonaccrual status, all payments are applied to principal, under the cost recovery method. When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of a nonperforming loan is not in doubt and the loan is on nonaccrual status, contractual interest is credited to interest income when received under the cash basis method.
At March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were 0no nonperforming loans held for sale. At December 31, 2020, there was one nonperforming loan totaling $13 thousand. During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, a $5.0 millionthere were no gains recognized on the sale of nonperforming relationship wasloans.
2325

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

transferred to held for sale and sold resulting in a $0.4 million gain. During the three months ended March 31, 2020, there were 0 gains recognized on the sale of nonperforming loans.
The following tables include the recorded investment and unpaid principal balance for nonperforming loans with the associated allowance amount, if applicable, as of March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020.2021. Also presented are the average recorded investment in nonperforming loans and the related amount of interest recognized while the loan was considered nonperforming. Average balances are calculated using month-end balances of the loans for the period reported and are included in the table below based on their period-end allowance position.
 March 31, 2021December 31, 2020
 Recorded
investment
Unpaid
principal
balance
Related
allowance
Recorded
investment
Unpaid
principal
balance
Related
allowance
 (dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$1,780 $7,659 $2,025 $2,725 
Time and demand1,780 7,659 2,025 2,725 
Real estate construction54 53 54 53 
Residential real estate10,814 13,199 10,939 13,258 
Residential first lien5,856 7,402 6,062 7,575 
Residential junior lien/home equity4,958 5,797 4,877 5,683 
Commercial real estate20,653 22,754 20,650 23,641 
Multifamily82 
Nonowner occupied18,125 19,933 16,786 19,459 
Owner occupied2,528 2,821 3,863 4,100 
Loans to individuals505 546 418 447 
Automobile429 465 405 430 
Consumer other76 81 13 17 
Subtotal33,806 44,211 34,086 40,124 
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other8,957 9,038 2,506 4,210 9,377 1,268 
Time and demand8,957 9,038 2,506 4,210 9,377 1,268 
Real estate construction0 0 0 0 0 0 
Residential real estate0 0 0 0 0 0 
Residential first lien
Residential junior lien/home equity
Commercial real estate7,618 7,693 601 15,757 15,830 3,638 
Multifamily459 473 115 459 470 116 
Nonowner occupied6,917 6,979 459 15,060 15,122 3,508 
Owner occupied242 241 27 238 238 14 
Loans to individuals0 0 0 0 0 0 
Automobile
Consumer other
Subtotal16,575 16,731 3,107 19,967 25,207 4,906 
Total$50,381 $60,942 $3,107 $54,053 $65,331 $4,906 


2426

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Average balances are calculated using month-end balances of the loans for the period reported and are included in the table below based on their period-end allowance position.
 March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
 Recorded
investment
Unpaid
principal
balance
Related
allowance
Recorded
investment
Unpaid
principal
balance
Related
allowance
 (dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$3,505 $9,719 $3,720 $10,303 
Time and demand3,505 9,719 3,720 10,303 
Equipment finance  
Time and demand other  
Real estate construction  45 53 
Construction other  
Construction residential  
Residential real estate9,161 11,035 9,365 11,294 
Residential first lien5,245 6,327 5,200 6,337 
Residential junior lien/home equity3,916 4,708 4,165 4,957 
Commercial real estate23,425 24,395 40,591 41,525 
Multifamily— — 14,677 14,677 
Nonowner occupied21,791 22,558 24,581 25,310 
Owner occupied1,634 1,837 1,333 1,538 
Loans to individuals423 542 446 485 
Automobile and recreational vehicles327 441 388 422 
Consumer other96 101 58 63 
Subtotal36,514 45,691 54,167 63,660 
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other544 572 $272 327 349 $307 
Time and demand544 572 272 327 349 307 
Equipment finance   
Time and demand other   
Real estate construction      
Construction other   
Construction residential   
Residential real estate      
Residential first lien— — — — — — 
Residential junior lien/home equity— — — — — — 
Commercial real estate409 441 79 686 711 88 
Multifamily409 441 79 421 446 88 
Nonowner occupied— — — — — — 
Owner occupied— — — 265 265 — 
Loans to individuals      
Automobile and recreational vehicles— — — — — — 
Consumer other— — — — — — 
Subtotal953 1,013 351 1,013 1,060 395 
Total$37,467 $46,704 $351 $55,180 $64,720 $395 

 For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20212020
Total LoansOriginated LoansAcquired Loans
 Average
recorded
investment
Interest
income
recognized
Average
recorded
investment
Interest
income
recognized
Average
recorded
investment
Interest
income
recognized
 (dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$2,280 $11 $925 $4 $74 $0 
Time and demand2,280 11 
Real estate construction54 0 0 0 0 0 
Residential real estate10,892 63 10,529 78 2,090 2 
Residential first lien5,982 45 
Residential junior lien/home equity4,910 18 
Commercial real estate25,739 22 4,086 22 229 0 
Multifamily
Nonowner occupied22,593 
Owner occupied3,146 15 
Loans to individuals479 2 445 3 12 0 
Automobile437 
Consumer other42 
Subtotal39,444 98 15,985 107 2,405 2 
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other4,895 18 7,838 18 0 0 
Time and demand4,895 18 
Real estate construction0 0 0 0 0 0 
Residential real estate0 0 325 0 0 0 
Residential first lien
Residential junior lien/home equity
Commercial real estate7,462 0 13,114 1 616 0 
Multifamily464 
Nonowner occupied6,917 
Owner occupied81 
Loans to individuals0 0 0 0 0 0 
Automobile
Consumer other
Subtotal12,357 18 21,277 19 616 0 
Total$51,801 $116 $37,262 $126 $3,021 $2 
27

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

 For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20222021
 Average
recorded
investment
Interest
income
recognized
Average
recorded
investment
Interest
income
recognized
 (dollars in thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$3,561 $29 $2,280 $11 
Time and demand3,561 29 2,280 11 
Equipment finance— — 
Time and demand other— — 
Real estate construction  54  
Construction other— — 
Construction residential— — 
Residential real estate9,201 84 10,892 63 
Residential first lien5,197 62 5,982 45 
Residential junior lien/home equity4,004 22 4,910 18 
Commercial real estate24,312 13 25,739 22 
Multifamily— — — — 
Nonowner occupied22,714 22,593 
Owner occupied1,598 3,146 15 
Loans to individuals435 4 479 2 
Automobile and recreational vehicles350 437 
Consumer other85 — 42 — 
Subtotal37,509 130 39,444 98 
With an allowance recorded:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other384 6 4,895 18 
Time and demand384 4,895 18 
Equipment finance  
Time and demand other  
Real estate construction    
Construction other  
Construction residential  
Residential real estate    
Residential first lien— — — — 
Residential junior lien/home equity— — — — 
Commercial real estate416  7,462  
Multifamily416 — 464 — 
Nonowner occupied— — 6,917 — 
Owner occupied— — 81 — 
Loans to individuals    
Automobile and recreational vehicles— — — — 
Consumer other— — — — 
Subtotal800 6 12,357 18 
Total$38,309 $136 $51,801 $116 
Unfunded commitments related to nonperforming loans were $0.2 million at both March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020.2021. After consideration of the requirements to draw and available collateral related to these commitments, ait was determined that no reserve of $6 thousand and $26 thousand was established for these off balance sheet exposuresrequired at March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020, respectively.2021.
2528

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Troubled debt restructured loans are those loans whose terms have been renegotiated to provide a reduction or deferral of principal or interest as a result of the financial difficulties experienced by the borrower, who could not obtain comparable terms from alternative financing sources. Troubled debt restructured loans are considered to be nonperforming loans.
In March 2020, the Company began offering short-term loan modifications to assist borrowers during the COVID-19 national emergency. These modifications typically provide for the deferral of both principal and interest for 90 days. The CARES Act, along with a joint agency statement issued by banking regulators, provides that short-term modifications, meeting certain criteria and in response to COVID-19, do not need to be accounted for as a troubled debt restructured loans. Additionally, short-term loan modifications that are not accounted for as a troubled debt restructured loan, in accordance with the CARES Act, would remain classified as current during the deferral period and therefore are not reflected in the past due loan tables provided on the prior page. As of March 31, 2021, loans with an aggregate principal balance of $136.6 million were in a forbearance period granted under the CARES Act.
The following table provides detail as to the total troubled debt restructured loans and total commitments outstanding on troubled debt restructured loans:
March 31, 2021December 31, 2020March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands)
Troubled debt restructured loansTroubled debt restructured loansTroubled debt restructured loans
Accrual statusAccrual status$6,697 $8,512 Accrual status$6,887 $7,120 
Nonaccrual statusNonaccrual status20,628 14,740 Nonaccrual status10,090 13,134 
TotalTotal$27,325��$23,252 Total$16,977 $20,254 
CommitmentsCommitmentsCommitments
Letters of creditLetters of credit$60 $60 Letters of credit$60 $60 
Unused lines of creditUnused lines of credit12 11 Unused lines of credit18 16 
TotalTotal$72 $71 Total$78 $76 
The following tables provide detail, including specific reserves and reasons for modification, related to loans identified as troubled debt restructurings:
 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
  Type of Modification   
 Number
of
Contracts
Extend
Maturity
Modify
Rate
Modify
Payments
Total
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Specific
Reserve
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other2 $6,373 $0 $0 $6,373 $6,339 $1,190 
Time and demand6,373 6,373 6,339 1,190 
Residential real estate3 0 105 14 119 119 0 
Residential first lien105 105 106 
Residential junior lien/home equity14 14 13 
Loans to individuals2 0 64 0 64 61 0 
Automobile64 64 61 
Total7 $6,373 $169 $14 $6,556 $6,519 $1,190 
 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
  Type of Modification   
 Number
of
Contracts
Extend
Maturity
Modify
Rate
Modify
Payments
Total
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Specific
Reserve
 (dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate2 $ $10 $59 $69 $69 $ 
Residential first lien— 10 59 69 69 — 
Total2 $ $10 $59 $69 $69 $ 

 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
  Type of Modification   
 Number
of
Contracts
Extend
Maturity
Modify
Rate
Modify
Payments
Total
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Specific
Reserve
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other2 $6,373 $ $ $6,373 $6,339 $1,190 
Time and demand6,373 — — 6,373 6,339 1,190 
Residential real estate3  105 14 119 119  
Residential first lien— 105 — 105 106 — 
Residential junior lien/home equity— — 14 14 13 — 
Loans to individuals2  64  64 61  
Automobile and recreational vehicles— 64 — 64 61 — 
Total7 $6,373 $169 $14 $6,556 $6,519 $1,190 
26
29

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
  Type of Modification   
 Number
of
Contracts
Extend
Maturity
Modify
Rate
Modify
Payments
Total
Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
Specific
Reserve
 (dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate118 118 117 
Commercial real estate12 12 12 
Loans to individuals18 129 147 144 
Total12 $$18 $259 $277 $273 $
The troubled debt restructurings included in the above tables are also included in the nonperforming loan tables provided earlier in this note. Loans defined as modified due to a change in rate may include loans that were modified for a change in rate as well as a re-amortization of the principal and an extension of the maturity. For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, and 2020, $169$10 thousand and $18$169 thousand, respectively, of total rate modifications represent loans with modifications to the rate as well as payment as a result of re-amortization. For both 20212022 and 20202021, the changes in loan balances between the pre-modification balance and the post-modification balance are due to customer payments.
A troubled debt restructuring is considered to be in default when a restructured loan is 90 days or more past due. The following table provides information related to loans that were restructured within the past twelve months and that were considered to be in default during the three months ended March 31:
 20222021
 Number of
Contracts
Recorded
Investment
Number of
Contracts
Recorded
Investment
 (dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate1 $17  $ 
Residential first lien17 — — 
Total1 $17  $ 
 20212020
 Number of
Contracts
Recorded
Investment
Number of
Contracts
Recorded
Investment
 (dollars in thousands)
Residential real estate$$71 
Total$$71 
The following tables provide detail related to the allowance for credit losses:
 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Beginning balanceCharge-offsRecoveries
Provision (credit)a
Ending balance
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$18,093 $(475)$80 $3,023 $20,721 
Time and demand15,283 (144)53 3,715 18,907 
Commercial credit cards247 (19)113 342 
Equipment finance— — — 31 31 
Time and demand other2,563 (312)26 (836)1,441 
Real estate construction4,220   710 4,930 
Construction other3,278 — — (103)3,175 
Construction residential942 — — 813 1,755 
Residential real estate12,625 (139)29 4,213 16,728 
Residential first lien7,459 (40)23 3,683 11,125 
Residential junior lien/home equity5,166 (99)530 5,603 
Commercial real estate33,376  14 314 33,704 
Multifamily3,561 — — 49 3,610 
Nonowner occupied24,838 — (1,576)23,267 
Owner occupied4,977 — 1,841 6,827 
Loans to individuals24,208 (1,009)366 (8,460)15,105 
Automobile and recreational vehicles21,392 (552)255 (8,460)12,635 
Consumer credit cards496 (109)24 (29)382 
Consumer other2,320 (348)87 29 2,088 
Total loans and leases$92,522 $(1,623)$489 $(200)$91,188 
a) The provision expense(credit) shown here excludes the provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure included in the income statement.

2730

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)


The following tables provide detail related to the allowance for credit losses:
 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Beginning balanceCharge-offsRecoveries
Provision (credit)a
Ending balance
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$17,187 $(569)$90 $5,093 $21,801 
Time and demand16,838 (460)89 4,960 21,427 
Commercial credit cards349 (109)133 374 
Real estate construction7,966 0 0 (3,945)4,021 
Residential real estate14,358  (105)37 (1,461)12,829 
Residential first lien7,919 (23)23 (692)7,227 
Residential junior lien/home equity6,439 (82)14 (769)5,602 
Commercial real estate41,953 (1,550)39 (2,774)37,668 
Multifamily6,240 (1)(1,988)4,251 
Nonowner occupied28,414 (1,549)39 985 27,889 
Owner occupied7,299 — (1,771)5,528 
Loans to individuals19,845 (1,541)329 1,811 20,444 
Automobile16,133 (680)181 1,254 16,888 
Consumer credit cards635 (168)17 205 689 
Consumer other3,077 (693)131 352 2,867 
Total loans$101,309 $(3,765)$495 $(1,276)$96,763 
a) The provision expense(credit) shown here excludes the provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure included in the income statement.
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Loans
Ending balanceEnding balance: individually evaluated for credit lossesEnding balance: collectively evaluated for credit lossesEnding balanceEnding balance: individually evaluated for credit lossesEnding balance: collectively evaluated for credit losses
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$20,721 $272 $20,449 $1,123,690 $3,179 $1,120,511 
Time and demand18,907 272 18,635 992,477 3,179 989,298 
Commercial credit cards342 — 342 13,675 — 13,675 
Equipment finance31 — 31 2,505 — 2,505 
Time and demand other1,441 — 1,441 115,033 — 115,033 
Real estate construction4,930  4,930 398,988  398,988 
Construction other3,175 — 3,175 307,411 — 307,411 
Construction residential1,755 — 1,755 91,577 — 91,577 
Residential real estate16,728  16,728 2,006,221 253 2,005,968 
Residential first lien11,125 — 11,125 1,381,742 — 1,381,742 
Residential junior lien/home equity5,603 — 5,603 624,479 253 624,226 
Commercial real estate33,704 79 33,625 2,344,281 37,263 2,307,018 
Multifamily3,610 79 3,531 401,581 14,909 386,672 
Nonowner occupied23,267 — 23,267 1,516,518 21,425 1,495,093 
Owner occupied6,827 — 6,827 426,182 929 425,253 
Loans to individuals15,105  15,105 1,078,932  1,078,932 
Automobile and recreational vehicles12,635 — 12,635 984,001 — 984,001 
Consumer credit cards382 — 382 10,675 — 10,675 
Consumer other2,088 — 2,088 84,256 — 84,256 
Total loans and leases$91,188 $351 $90,837 $6,952,112 $40,695 $6,911,417 



2831

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)


 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
 Beginning balanceCharge-offsRecoveries
Provision (credit)a
Ending balance
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$17,187 $(569)$90 $5,093 $21,801 
Time and demand16,838 (460)89 4,960 21,427 
Commercial credit cards349 (109)133 374 
Real estate construction7,966   (3,945)4,021 
Residential real estate14,358 (105)37 (1,461)12,829 
Residential first lien7,919 (23)23 (692)7,227 
Residential junior lien/home equity6,439 (82)14 (769)5,602 
Commercial real estate41,953 (1,550)39 (2,774)37,668 
Multifamily6,240 (1)— (1,988)4,251 
Nonowner occupied28,414 (1,549)39 985 27,889 
Owner occupied7,299 — — (1,771)5,528 
Loans to individuals19,845 (1,541)329 1,811 20,444 
Automobile and recreational vehicles16,133 (680)181 1,254 16,888 
Consumer credit cards635 (168)17 205 689 
Consumer other3,077 (693)131 352 2,867 
Total loans and leases$101,309 $(3,765)$495 $(1,276)$96,763 
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Loans
Ending balanceEnding balance: individually evaluated for credit lossesEnding balance: collectively evaluated for credit lossesEnding balanceEnding balance: individually evaluated for credit lossesEnding balance: collectively evaluated for credit losses
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$21,801 $2,506 $19,295 $1,555,671 $9,991 $1,545,680 
Time and demand21,427 2,506 18,921 1,541,280 9,991 1,531,289 
Commercial credit cards374 374 14,391 14,391 
Real estate construction4,021 0 4,021 404,580 0 404,580 
Residential real estate12,829 0 12,829 1,756,615 1,055 1,755,560 
Residential first lien7,227 7,227 1,152,314 512 1,151,802 
Residential junior lien/home equity5,602 5,602 604,301 543 603,758 
Commercial real estate37,668 601 37,067 2,167,506 27,413 2,140,093 
Multifamily4,251 115 4,136 363,604 459 363,145 
Nonowner occupied27,889 459 27,430 1,393,968 24,883 1,369,085 
Owner occupied5,528 27 5,501 409,934 2,071 407,863 
Loans to individuals20,444 0 20,444 852,522 0 852,522 
Automobile16,888 16,888 759,061 759,061 
Consumer credit cards689 689 10,901 10,901 
Consumer other2,867 2,867 82,560 82,560 
Total loans$96,763 $3,107 $93,656 $6,736,894 $38,459 $6,698,435 
a) The provision expense(credit) shown here excludes the provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure included in the income statement.





29

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

 For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
 Commercial,
financial,
agricultural
and other
Real estate
construction
Residential
real estate
Commercial
real estate
Loans to
individuals
Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Allowance for credit losses:
Originated loans:
Beginning balance$20,221 $2,558 $4,091 $19,731 $4,984 $51,585 
Charge-offs(486)(552)(265)(2,483)(3,786)
Recoveries68 62 44 212 386 
Provision (credit)7,575 294 4,123 11,755 5,555 29,302 
Ending balance27,378 2,852 7,724 31,265 8,268 77,487 
Acquired loans:
Beginning balance13 37 52 
Charge-offs(25)(1)(136)(162)
Recoveries13 13 33 
Provision (credit)324 10 1,202 129 1,665 
Ending balance350 1,238 1,588 
Total ending balance$27,728 $2,852 $7,724 $32,503 $8,268 $79,075 
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment$2,727 $$$7,072 $$9,799 
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment25,001 2,852 7,724 25,431 8,268 69,276 
Loans:
Ending balance1,272,240 413,458 1,691,140 2,190,098 747,008 6,313,944 
Ending balance: individually evaluated for impairment7,544 1,506 36,513 45,563 
Ending balance: collectively evaluated for impairment1,264,696 413,458 1,689,634 2,153,585 747,008 6,268,381 

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Loans
Ending balanceEnding balance: individually evaluated for credit lossesEnding balance: collectively evaluated for credit lossesEnding balanceEnding balance: individually evaluated for credit lossesEnding balance: collectively evaluated for credit losses
(dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$21,801 $2,506 $19,295 $1,555,671 $9,991 $1,545,680 
Time and demand21,427 2,506 18,921 1,541,280 9,991 1,531,289 
Commercial credit cards374 — 374 14,391 — 14,391 
Real estate construction4,021  4,021 404,580  404,580 
Residential real estate12,829  12,829 1,756,615 1,055 1,755,560 
Residential first lien7,227 — 7,227 1,152,314 512 1,151,802 
Residential junior lien/home equity5,602 — 5,602 604,301 543 603,758 
Commercial real estate37,668 601 37,067 2,167,506 27,413 2,140,093 
Multifamily4,251 115 4,136 363,604 459 363,145 
Nonowner occupied27,889 459 27,430 1,393,968 24,883 1,369,085 
Owner occupied5,528 27 5,501 409,934 2,071 407,863 
Loans to individuals20,444  20,444 852,522  852,522 
Automobile and recreational vehicles16,888 — 16,888 759,061 — 759,061 
Consumer credit cards689 — 689 10,901 — 10,901 
Consumer other2,867 — 2,867 82,560 — 82,560 
Total loans and leases$96,763 $3,107 $93,656 $6,736,894 $38,459 $6,698,435 
Note 8 Leases
First Commonwealth has elected to apply certain practical expedients provided under ASU 2016-02 "Leases" (Topic 842) including (i) to not apply the requirements in the new standard to short-term leases (ii) to not reassess the lease classification for
32

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

any expired or existing lease (iii) to account for lease and non-lease components separately (iv) to not reassess initial direct costs for any existing leases. The impact of this standard primarily relates to operating leases of certain real estate properties, including certain branch and ATM locations and office space. First Commonwealth has no material leasing arrangements for which it is the lessor of property or equipment.

30

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following table represents the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Condition classification of the Company’s ROUright of use ("ROU") assets and lease liabilities, lease costs and other lease information.
March 31, 2021December 31, 2020
Balance sheet:
Operating lease asset classified as premises and equipment$41,073 $42,617 
Operating lease liability classified as other liabilities45,284 46,819 
For the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2021March 31, 2020
Income statement:
    Operating lease cost classified as occupancy and equipment expense$1,208 $1,368 
Weighted average lease term, in years14.7215.11
Weighted average discount rate3.41 %3.42 %
Operating cash flows$1,201 $1,312 
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Balance sheet:
Operating lease asset classified as premises and equipment$40,920 $40,550 
Operating lease liability classified as other liabilities45,222 44,801 
For the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021
Income statement:
    Operating lease cost classified as occupancy and equipment expense$1,216 $1,208 
Weighted average lease term, in years13.7214.72
Weighted average discount rate3.19 %3.41 %
Operating cash flows$1,164 $1,201 
The ROU assets and lease liabilities are impacted by the length of the lease term and the discount rate used to present value the minimum lease payments. First Commonwealth's lease agreements often include one or more options to renew at the Company's discretion. If we consider the renewal option to be reasonably certain, we include the extended term in the calculation of the ROU asset and lease liability.
First Commonwealth uses incremental borrowing rates when calculating the lease liability because the rate implicit in the lease is not readily determinable. The incremental borrowing rate used by First Commonwealth is an amortizing loan rate obtained from the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") of Pittsburgh. This rate is consistent with a collateralized borrowing rate and is available for terms similar to the lease payment schedules.
Future minimum payments for operating leases with initial or remaining terms of one year or more as of March 31, 20212022 were as follows (dollars in thousands):
For the twelve months ended:
March 31, 20222023$4,720 
March 31, 20234,5564,854 
March 31, 20244,4064,822 
March 31, 20254,2894,714 
March 31, 20263,9524,390 
March 31, 20274,039 
Thereafter36,83234,356 
Total future minimum lease payments58,75557,175 
Less remaining imputed interest13,47111,953 
Operating lease liability$45,28445,222 

Note 9 Income Taxes
In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740-10, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes,” at March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, First Commonwealth had 0no material unrecognized tax benefits or accrued interest and penalties. If applicable, First Commonwealth will record interest and penalties as a component of noninterest expense.
33

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

First Commonwealth is subject to routine audits of our tax returns by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) as well as all states in which we conduct business. Generally, tax years prior to the year ended December 31, 20172018 are no longer open to examination by federal and state taxing authorities.
Note 10 Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities
FASB ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,”Disclosures” ("Topic 820"), requires disclosures for non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). All non-financial assets are included either as a separate line item on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition or in the “Other assets” category of the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Currently, First Commonwealth does not have any non-financial liabilities to disclose.
FASB ASC Topic 825, “Financial Instruments” (Topic 825"), permits entities to irrevocably elect to measure select financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The unrealized gains and losses are required to be included in earnings each reporting period for the items that fair value measurement is elected. First Commonwealth has elected not to measure any existing financial instruments at fair value under Topic 825; however, in the future we may elect to adopt this guidance for select financial instruments.
In accordance with Topic 820, First Commonwealth groups financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value in three levels based on the principal markets in which the assets and liabilities are transacted and the observability of the data points used to determine fair value. These levels are:
Level 1 – Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in active exchange markets, such as the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”). Valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for market transactions involving identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 – Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in less active dealer or broker markets. Valuations are obtained for observable inputs for identical or comparable assets or liabilities from alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. Level 2 includes Obligations of U.S. Government securities issued by Agencies and Sponsored Enterprises, Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions, corporate securities, FHLB stock, loans held for sale, premise held for sale, interest rate derivatives (including interest rate caps, interest rate collars, interest rate swaps and risk participation agreements), certain other real estate owned and certain nonperforming loans.
Level 2 investment securities are valued by a recognized third party pricing service using observable inputs. The model used by the pricing service varies by asset class and incorporates available market, trade and bid information as well as cash flow information when applicable. Because many fixed-income investment securities do not trade on a daily basis, the model uses available information such as benchmark yield curves, benchmarking of like investment securities, sector groupings and matrix pricing. The model will also use processes such as an option adjusted spread to assess the impact of interest rates and to develop prepayment estimates. Market inputs normally used in the pricing model include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data including market research publications.
Management validates the market values provided by the third party service by having another source price 100% of the securities on a monthly basis, monthly monitoring of variances from prior period pricing and, on a monthly basis, evaluating pricing changes compared to expectations based on changes in the financial markets.
Other investments recorded in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition are primarily comprised of FHLB stock whose estimated fair value is based on its par value. Additional information on FHLB stock is provided in Note 6, “Investment Securities.”
Loans held for sale include residential mortgage loans originated for sale in the secondary mortgage market. The estimated fair value for these loans was determined on the basis of rates obtained in the respective secondary market. Loans held for sale also include the Small Business Administration guaranteed portion of small business loans. The estimated fair value of these loans is based on the contract with the third party investor. Also included in loans held for sale are commercial loans for which fair value is determined using an executed trade or market bid obtained from potential buyers.
Interest rate derivatives are reported at an estimated fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs and are included in other assets and other liabilities, and consist of interest rate swaps where there is no significant deterioration in the counterparties' and/or loan customers' credit risk since origination of the interest rate swap as well as interest rate caps, interest rate collars and risk
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FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(at least annually). All non-financial assets are included either as a separate line item on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition or in the “Other assets” category of the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. Currently, First Commonwealth does not have any non-financial liabilities to disclose.
FASB ASC Topic 825, “Financial Instruments,” permits entities to irrevocably elect to measure select financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The unrealized gains and losses are required to be included in earnings each reporting period for the items that fair value measurement is elected. First Commonwealth has elected not to measure any existing financial instruments at fair value under FASB ASC Topic 825; however, in the future we may elect to adopt this guidance for select financial instruments.
In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 820, First Commonwealth groups financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value in three levels based on the principal markets in which the assets and liabilities are transacted and the observability of the data points used to determine fair value. These levels are:
Level 1 – Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in active exchange markets, such as the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”). Valuations are obtained from readily available pricing sources for market transactions involving identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 – Valuations for assets and liabilities traded in less active dealer or broker markets. Valuations are obtained for observable inputs for identical or comparable assets or liabilities from alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. Level 2 includes Obligations of U.S. Government securities issued by Agencies and Sponsored Enterprises, Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions, corporate securities, FHLB stock, loans held for sale, premise held for sale, interest rate derivatives (including interest rate caps, interest rate collars, interest rate swaps and risk participation agreements), certain other real estate owned and certain nonperforming loans.
Level 2 investment securities are valued by a recognized third party pricing service using observable inputs. The model used by the pricing service varies by asset class and incorporates available market, trade and bid information as well as cash flow information when applicable. Because many fixed-income investment securities do not trade on a daily basis, the model uses available information such as benchmark yield curves, benchmarking of like investment securities, sector groupings and matrix pricing. The model will also use processes such as an option adjusted spread to assess the impact of interest rates and to develop prepayment estimates. Market inputs normally used in the pricing model include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data including market research publications.
Management validates the market values provided by the third party service by having another source price 100% of the securities on a monthly basis, monthly monitoring of variances from prior period pricing and, on a monthly basis, evaluating pricing changes compared to expectations based on changes in the financial markets.
Other investments recorded in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition are primarily comprised of FHLB stock whose estimated fair value is based on its par value. Additional information on FHLB stock is provided in Note 6, “Investment Securities.”
Loans held for sale include residential mortgage loans originated for sale in the secondary mortgage market. The estimated fair value for these loans was determined on the basis of rates obtained in the respective secondary market. Loans held for sale also include the Small Business Administration guaranteed portion of small business loans. The estimated fair value of these loans is based on the contract with the third party investor. Also included in loans held for sale are commercial loans for which fair value is determined using an executed trade or market bid obtained from potential buyers.
During the third quarter of 2020, the company announced the consolidation of 29 branch locations into nearby offices. As a result, at March 31, 2021, eight owned locations are held for sale and are being carried at the lower of cost or fair value. Two of these locations are carried at fair value, determined by an independent market-based appraisal less estimated costs to sell, and are classified as Level 2.
Interest rate derivatives are reported at an estimated fair value utilizing Level 2 inputs and are included in other assets and other liabilities, and consist of interest rate swaps where there is no significant deterioration in the counterparties' and/or loan customers' credit risk since origination of the interest rate swap as well as interest rate caps, interest rate collars and risk participation agreements. First Commonwealth values its interest rate swap and cap positions using a yield curve by taking market prices/rates for an appropriate set of instruments. The set of instruments currently used to determine the U.S. Dollar yield curve includes cash LIBOR rates from overnight to one year, Eurodollar futures contracts and swap rates from one year to
32

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

thirty years. These yield curves determine the valuations of interest rate swaps. Interest rate derivatives are further described in Note 11, “Derivatives.”
For purposes of potential valuation adjustments to our derivative positions, First Commonwealth evaluates the credit risk of its counterparties as well as our own credit risk. Accordingly, we have considered factors such as the likelihood of default, expected loss given default, net exposures and remaining contractual life, among other things, in determining if any estimated fair value adjustments related to credit risk are required. We review our counterparty exposure quarterly, and when necessary, appropriate adjustments are made to reflect the exposure.
Interest rate derivatives also include interest rate forwards entered into to hedge residential mortgage loans held for sale and the related interest-rate lock commitments. This includes forward commitments to sell mortgage loans. The fair value of these derivative financial instruments are based on derivative market data inputs as of the valuation date and the underlying value of mortgage loans for rate lock commitments.
In addition, the Company hedges foreign currency risk through the use of foreign exchange forward contracts. The fair value of foreign exchange forward contracts is based on the differential between the contract price and the market-based forward rate.
The estimated fair value for other real estate owned included in Level 2 is determined by either an independent market-based appraisal less estimated costs to sell or an executed sales agreement.
Level 3 – Valuations for assets and liabilities that are derived from other valuation methodologies, including option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques, and not based on market exchange, dealer or broker traded transactions. If the inputs used to provide the valuation are unobservable and/or there is very little, if any, market activity for the security or similar securities, the securities would be considered Level 3 securities. Level 3 valuations incorporate certain assumptions and projections in determining the fair value assigned to such assets or liabilities. The assets included in Level 3 are non-marketable equity investments, certain interest rate derivatives, certain other real estate owned and certain nonperforming loans.
The estimated fair value of other investments included in Level 3 is based on carrying value as these securities do not have a readily determinable fair value.
The estimated fair value of limited partnership investments included in Level 3 is based on par value.
For interest rate derivatives included in Level 3, the fair value incorporates credit risk by considering such factors as likelihood of default and expected loss given default based on the credit quality of the underlying counterparties (loan customers).
3335

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

In accordance with ASU No. 2011-4, the following table provides information related to quantitative inputs and assumptions used in Level 3 fair value measurements.
Fair Value (dollars
in thousands)
Valuation
Technique
Unobservable InputsRange /
(weighted average)
March 31, 2021
Other Investments$1,670 CarryingValueN/AN/A
Nonperforming Loans736  (a)Gas Reserve StudyDiscount rate10.00%
Gas per MMBTU$2.00 - $2.00 (b)
Oil per BBL/d$50.00 - $50.00 (b)
5,149  (a)Discounted Cash FlowDiscount Rate6.50%
Limited Partnership Investments7,010 Par ValueN/AN/A
December 31, 2020
Other Investments$1,670 CarryingValueN/AN/A
Nonperforming Loans798  (a)Gas Reserve StudyDiscount rate10.00%
Gas per MMBTU$1.46 - $1.48 (b)
Oil per BBL/d$36 - $36 (b)
Limited Partnership Investments6,619 Par ValueN/AN/A
Fair Value (dollars
in thousands)
Valuation
Technique
Unobservable InputsRange /
(weighted average)
March 31, 2022
Other Investments$1,170 Carrying ValueN/AN/A
Nonperforming Loans538  (a)Gas Reserve StudyDiscount rate10.00%
Gas per MMBTU$3.00 - $3.00 (b)
Oil per BBL/d$80.00 - $80.00 (b)
Limited Partnership Investments15,999 Par ValueN/AN/A
December 31, 2021
Other Investments$1,170 Carrying ValueN/AN/A
Nonperforming Loans598  (a)Gas Reserve StudyDiscount rate10.00%
Gas per MMBTU$2.00 - $2.00 (b)
Oil per BBL/d$50.00 - $50.00 (b)
Limited Partnership Investments14,981 Par ValueN/AN/A
 
(a)The remainder of nonperforming loans valued using Level 3 inputs are not included in this disclosure as the values of those loans are based on bankruptcy agreement documentation.
(b)Unobservable inputs are defined as follows: MMBTU - one million British thermal units; BBL/d - barrels per day.
The discount rate is the significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of nonperforming loans. Significant increases in this rate would result in a decrease in the estimated fair value of the loans, while a decrease in this rate would result in a higher fair value measurement. Other unobservable inputs in the fair value measurement of nonperforming loans relate to gas, oil and natural gas prices. Increases in these prices would result in an increase in the estimated fair value of the loans, while a decrease in these prices would result in a lower fair value measurement.
The tables below present the balances of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
 March 31, 2021
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Residential$$6,690 $$6,690 
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Commercial272,901 272,901 
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Residential728,668 728,668 
Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises975 975 
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions9,565 9,565 
Corporate Securities24,459 24,459 
Total Securities Available for Sale1,043,258 1,043,258 
Other Investments11,775 1,670 13,445 
Loans Held for Sale20,604 20,604 
Premises and Equipment, net291 291 
Other Assets(a)
33,555 7,010 40,565 
Total Assets$$1,109,483 $8,680 $1,118,163 
Other Liabilities(a)
$$36,171 $$36,171 
Total Liabilities$$36,171 $$36,171 
 March 31, 2022
 Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Residential$— $5,066 $— $5,066 
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Commercial— 329,228 — 329,228 
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities - Residential— 557,259 — 557,259 
Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises— 935 — 935 
Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions— 8,922 — 8,922 
Corporate Securities— 31,794 — 31,794 
Total Securities Available for Sale— 933,204 — 933,204 
Other Investments— 11,972 1,170 13,142 
Loans Held for Sale— 10,506 — 10,506 
Other Assets(a)
— 10,326 15,999 26,325 
Total Assets$— $966,008 $17,169 $983,177 
Other Liabilities(a)
$— $34,496 $— $34,496 
Total Liabilities$— $34,496 $— $34,496 
(a)Hedging and non-hedging interest rate derivatives and limited partnership investments

3436

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

December 31, 2020 December 31, 2021
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
(dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands)
Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:Obligations of U.S. Government Agencies:
Mortgage-Backed Securities - ResidentialMortgage-Backed Securities - Residential$$7,230 $$7,230 Mortgage-Backed Securities - Residential$— $5,662 $— $5,662 
Mortgage-Backed Securities - CommercialMortgage-Backed Securities - Commercial191,180 191,180 Mortgage-Backed Securities - Commercial— 362,290 — 362,290 
Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:Obligations of U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises:
Mortgage-Backed Securities - ResidentialMortgage-Backed Securities - Residential496,033 496,033 Mortgage-Backed Securities - Residential— 629,974 — 629,974 
Other Government-Sponsored EnterprisesOther Government-Sponsored Enterprises100,998 100,998 Other Government-Sponsored Enterprises— 981 — 981 
Obligations of States and Political SubdivisionsObligations of States and Political Subdivisions11,397 11,397 Obligations of States and Political Subdivisions— 9,524 — 9,524 
Corporate SecuritiesCorporate Securities24,385 24,385 Corporate Securities— 32,949 — 32,949 
Total Securities Available for SaleTotal Securities Available for Sale831,223 831,223 Total Securities Available for Sale— 1,041,380 — 1,041,380 
Other InvestmentsOther Investments10,557 1,670 12,227 Other Investments— 11,668 1,170 12,838 
Loans Held for SaleLoans Held for Sale33,436 33,436 Loans Held for Sale— 18,583 — 18,583 
Premises and Equipment, net442 442 
Other Assets(a)
Other Assets(a)
54,362 6,619 60,981 
Other Assets(a)
— 26,805 14,981 41,786 
Total AssetsTotal Assets$$930,020 $8,289 $938,309 Total Assets$— $1,098,436 $16,151 $1,114,587 
Other Liabilities(a)
Other Liabilities(a)
$$61,308 $$61,308 
Other Liabilities(a)
$— $34,263 $— $34,263 
Total LiabilitiesTotal Liabilities$$61,308 $$61,308 Total Liabilities$— $34,263 $— $34,263 
(a)Hedging and non-hedging interest rate derivatives and limited partnership investments

For the three months ended March 31, changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized as follows:
 2021
 Other InvestmentsOther
Assets
Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period$1,670 $6,620 $8,290 
Total gains or losses
Included in earnings
Included in other comprehensive income
Purchases, issuances, sales and settlements
Purchases390 390 
Issuances
Sales
Settlements
Transfers from Level 3
Transfers into Level 3
Balance, end of period$1,670 $7,010 $8,680 


 2022
 Other InvestmentsOther
Assets
Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period$1,170 $14,981 $16,151 
Total gains or losses
Included in earnings— — — 
Included in other comprehensive income— — — 
Purchases, issuances, sales and settlements
Purchases— 1,043 1,043 
Issuances— — — 
Sales— (25)(25)
Settlements— — — 
Transfers from Level 3— — — 
Transfers into Level 3— — — 
Balance, end of period$1,170 $15,999 $17,169 
3537

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

 2020
 Other InvestmentsOther
Assets
Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period$1,670 $5,795 $7,465 
Total gains or losses
Included in earnings
Included in other comprehensive income
Purchases, issuances, sales and settlements
Purchases428 428 
Issuances
Sales
Settlements
Transfers from Level 3
Transfers into Level 3
Balance, end of period$1,670 $6,223 $7,893 


 2021
 Other InvestmentsOther
Assets
Total
 (dollars in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period$1,670 $6,620 $8,290 
Total gains or losses
Included in earnings— — — 
Included in other comprehensive income— — — 
Purchases, issuances, sales and settlements
Purchases— 390 390 
Issuances— — — 
Sales— — — 
Settlements— — — 
Transfers from Level 3— — — 
Transfers into Level 3— — — 
Balance, end of period$1,670 $7,010 $8,680 
During the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, there were no transfers between fair value Levels 1, 2 or 3. There were no gains or losses included in earnings for the periods presented that are attributable to the change in realized gains (losses) relating to assets held at March 31, 2022 and 2021.
The tables below present the balances of assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at:
March 31, 2021 March 31, 2022
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
(dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands)
Nonperforming loansNonperforming loans$$29,467 $17,807 $47,274 Nonperforming loans$— $25,306 $11,810 $37,116 
Other real estate ownedOther real estate owned1,063 1,063 Other real estate owned— 732 — 732 
Total AssetsTotal Assets$$30,530 $17,807 $48,337 Total Assets$— $26,038 $11,810 $37,848 

December 31, 2020 December 31, 2021
Level 1Level 2Level 3Total Level 1Level 2Level 3Total
(dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands)
Nonperforming loansNonperforming loans$$35,543 $13,604 $49,147 Nonperforming loans$— $42,538 $12,247 $54,785 
Other real estate ownedOther real estate owned1,319 1,319 Other real estate owned— 729 — 729 
Total AssetsTotal Assets$$36,862 $13,604 $50,466 Total Assets$— $43,267 $12,247 $55,514 
The following losses were realized on the assets measured on a nonrecurring basis:
For the Three Months Ended March 31, For the Three Months Ended March 31,
20212020 20222021
(dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands)
Nonperforming loansNonperforming loans$205 $(8,029)Nonperforming loans$(171)$205 
Other real estate ownedOther real estate owned(6)(101)Other real estate owned(54)(6)
Total lossesTotal losses$199 $(8,130)Total losses$(225)$199 
Nonperforming loans over $250 thousand are individually reviewed to determine the amount of each loan considered to be at risk of non-collection. The fair value for nonperforming loans that are collateral-based is determined by reviewing real property
38

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

appraisals, equipment valuations, accounts receivable listings and other financial information. A discounted cash flow analysis is performed to determine fair value for nonperforming loans when an observable market price or a current appraisal is not available. For real estate secured loans, First Commonwealth’s loan policy requires updated appraisals be obtained at least every twelve months on all nonperforming loans with balances of $250 thousand and over. For real estate secured loans with balances under $250 thousand, we rely on broker price opinions. For non-real estate secured assets, the Company normally relies on third party valuations specific to the collateral type.
36

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The fair value for other real estate owned, determined by either an independent market-based appraisal less estimated costs to sell or an executed sales agreement, is classified as Level 2. The fair value for other real estate owned, determined using an internal valuation, is classified as Level 3. Other real estate owned has a current carrying value of $0.9$0.7 million as of March 31, 20212022 and consists primarily of residential and commercial real estate properties in Pennsylvania.Pennsylvania and Ohio. We review whether events and circumstances subsequent to a transfer to other real estate owned have occurred that indicate the balance of those assets may not be recoverable. If events and circumstances indicate further impairment we will record a charge to the extent that the carrying value of the assets exceed their fair values, less estimated cost to sell, as determined by valuation techniques appropriate in the circumstances.
Certain other assets and liabilities, including goodwill, core deposit intangibles and customer list intangibles are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments only in certain circumstances. Additional information related to goodwill is provided in Note 12, “Goodwill.” There were no other assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022.
FASB ASC 825-10, “Transition Related to FSP FAS 107-1” and APB 28-1, “Interim Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments,” requires disclosure of the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities, including those financial assets and financial liabilities that are not measured and reported at fair value on a recurring basis or nonrecurring basis. The methodologies for estimating the fair value of financial assets and financial liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis are as discussed above. The methodologies for other financial assets and financial liabilities are discussed below.
Cash and due from banks and interest-bearing bank deposits: The carrying amounts for cash and due from banks and interest-bearing bank deposits approximate the estimated fair values of such assets.
Securities: Fair values for securities available for sale and held to maturity are based on quoted market prices, if available. If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices of comparable instruments. The carrying value of other investments, which includes FHLB stock and other equity investments, is considered a reasonable estimate of fair value.
Loans: The fair values of all loans are estimated by discounting the estimated future cash flows using interest rates currently offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality adjusted for past due and nonperforming loans.
Loans held for sale: The estimated fair value of loans held for sale is based on market bids obtained from potential buyers.
Off-balance sheet instruments: Many of First Commonwealth’s off-balance sheet instruments, primarily loan commitments and standby letters of credit, are expected to expire without being drawn upon; therefore, the commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. FASB ASC Topic 460, “Guarantees” clarified that a guarantor is required to recognize, at the inception of a guarantee, a liability for the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee. The carrying amount and estimated fair value for standby letters of credit was $0.1 million at both March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020.2021. See Note 5, “Commitments and Contingent Liabilities,” for additional information.
Deposit liabilities: The estimated fair value of demand deposits, savings accounts and money market deposits is the amount payable on demand at the reporting date because of the customers’ ability to withdraw funds immediately. The carrying value of variable rate time deposit accounts and certificates of deposit approximate their fair values at the report date. Also, fair values of fixed rate time deposits for both periods are estimated by discounting the future cash flows using interest rates currently being offered and a schedule of aggregated expected maturities.
Short-term borrowings: The fair values of borrowings from the FHLB were estimated based on the estimated incremental borrowing rate for similar type borrowings. The carrying amounts of other short-term borrowings, such as federal funds
39

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

purchased and securities sold under agreement to repurchase, were used to approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of the borrowings.
Subordinated debt and long-term debt: The fair value is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using First Commonwealth’s estimate of the current market rate for similar types of borrowing arrangements.
37

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The following table presents carrying amounts and fair values of First Commonwealth’s financial instruments:
 March 31, 2022
  Fair Value Measurements Using:
 Carrying
Amount
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
 (dollars in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks$120,289 $120,289 $120,289 $— $— 
Interest-bearing deposits404,516 404,516 404,516 — — 
Securities available for sale933,204 933,204 — 933,204 — 
Securities held to maturity512,911 477,088 — 477,088 — 
Other investments13,142 13,142 — 11,972 1,170 
Loans held for sale10,506 10,506 — 10,506 — 
Loans6,952,112 7,154,726 — 25,306 7,129,420 
Financial liabilities
Deposits8,171,847 8,164,467 — 8,164,467 — 
Short-term borrowings95,748 93,203 — 93,203 — 
Subordinated debt170,815 168,231 — — 168,231 
Long-term debt5,398 5,587 — 5,587 — 
Capital lease obligation5,799 5,799 — 5,799 — 
 March 31, 2021
  Fair Value Measurements Using:
 Carrying
Amount
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
 (dollars in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks$83,989 $83,989 $83,989 $$
Interest-bearing deposits420,645 420,645 420,645 
Securities available for sale1,043,258 1,043,258 1,043,258 
Securities held to maturity407,833 408,118 408,118 
Other investments13,445 13,445 11,775 1,670 
Loans held for sale20,604 20,604 20,604 
Loans6,736,894 7,111,000 29,467 7,081,533 
Financial liabilities
Deposits7,869,256 7,869,730 7,869,730 
Short-term borrowings110,762 110,446 110,446 
Subordinated debt170,653 172,619 172,619 
Long-term debt56,089 57,276 57,276 
Capital lease obligation6,270 6,270 6,270 

 December 31, 2020
  Fair Value Measurements Using:
 Carrying
Amount
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
 (dollars in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks$100,009 $100,009 $100,009 $$
Interest-bearing deposits256,572 256,572 256,572 
Securities available for sale831,223 831,223 831,223 
Securities held to maturity361,844 369,851 369,851 
Other investments12,227 12,227 10,557 1,670 
Loans held for sale33,436 33,436 33,436 
Loans6,761,183 7,202,763 35,543 7,167,220 
Financial liabilities
Deposits7,438,666 7,440,906 7,440,906 
Short-term borrowings117,373 117,037 117,037 
Subordinated debt170,612 165,665 165,665 
Long-term debt56,258 57,881 57,881 
Capital lease obligation6,385 6,385 6,385 

 December 31, 2021
  Fair Value Measurements Using:
 Carrying
Amount
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
 (dollars in thousands)
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks$84,738 $84,738 $84,738 $— $— 
Interest-bearing deposits310,634 310,634 310,634 — — 
Securities available for sale1,041,380 1,041,380 — 1,041,380 — 
Securities held to maturity541,311 536,651 — 536,651 — 
Other investments12,838 12,838 — 11,668 1,170 
Loans held for sale18,583 18,583 — 18,583 — 
Loans6,839,230 7,169,768 — 42,538 7,127,230 
Financial liabilities
Deposits7,982,498 7,980,101 — 7,980,101 — 
Short-term borrowings138,315 136,473 — 136,473 — 
Subordinated debt170,775 175,040 — — 175,040 
Long-term debt5,573 6,065 — 6,065 — 
Capital lease obligation5,921 5,921 — 5,921 — 
3840

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 11 Derivatives
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments
First Commonwealth is a party to interest rate derivatives that are not designated as hedging instruments. These derivatives relate to interest rate swaps that First Commonwealth enters into with customers to allow customers to convert variable rate loans to a fixed rate. First Commonwealth pays interest to the customer at a floating rate on the notional amount and receives interest from the customer at a fixed rate for the same notional amount. At the same time the interest rate swap is entered into with the customer, an offsetting interest rate swap is entered into with another financial institution. First Commonwealth pays the other financial institution interest at the same fixed rate on the same notional amount as the swap entered into with the customer, and receives interest from the financial institution for the same floating rate on the same notional amount.
The changes in the fair value of the swaps offset each other, except for the credit risk of the counterparties, which is determined by taking into consideration the risk rating, probability of default and loss given default for all counterparties.
We have 3639 risk participation agreements with financial institution counterparties for interest rate swaps related to loans in which we are a participant. The risk participation agreements provide credit protection to the financial institution should the borrower fail to perform on its interest rate derivative contract with the financial institution. We have 1517 risk participation agreements with financial institution counterparties for interest rate swaps related to loans in which we are the lead bank. The risk participation agreement provides credit protection to us should the borrower fail to perform on its interest rate derivative contract with us.
First Commonwealth is also party to interest rate caps and collars that are not designated as hedging instruments. The interest rate caps relate to contracts that First Commonwealth enters into with loan customers that provide a maximum interest rate on their variable rate loan. At the same time the interest rate cap is entered into with the customer, First Commonwealth enters into an offsetting interest rate cap with another financial institution. The notional amount and maximum interest rate on both interest cap contracts are identical. The interest rate collars relate to contracts that First Commonwealth enters into with loan customers that provides both a maximum and minimum interest rate on their variable rate loan. At the same time the interest rate collar is entered into with the customer, First Commonwealth enters into an offsetting interest rate collar with another financial institution. The notional amount and the maximum and minimum interest rates on both interest collar contracts are identical.
The fee received, less the estimate of the loss for the credit exposure, was recognized in earnings at the time of the transaction.
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments
In August 2019, the Company entered into two interest rate swap contracts that are designated as cash flow hedges. These contracts mature on August 15, 2024 and August 15, 2026 and have notional amounts of $30.0 million and $40.0 million, respectively. The Company's risk management objective for these hedges is to reduce its exposure to variability in expected future cash flows related to interest payments made on subordinated debentures benchmarked to the 3-month LIBOR rate. Therefore, the interest rate swaps convert the interest rate benchmark on the first $70.0 million of 3-month LIBOR based subordinated debentures to a fixed rate.
Effective May 1,During 2021, the Company entered into twoeight interest rate swap contracts that were designated as cash flow hedges. The interest rate swaps have a total notional amount of $300.0 million; $150.0$500.0 million: $75.0 million with an original maturity of three years, $250.0 million with an original maturity of four years and $150.0$175.0 million with an original maturity of five years. The Company's risk management objective for these hedges is to reduce its exposure to variability in expected future cash flows related to interest payments on commercial loans benchmarked to the 1-month LIBOR rate. Therefore, the interest rate swaps convert the interest payments on the first $300.0$500.0 million of 1-month LIBOR based commercial loans into fixed rate payments.
The periodic net settlement of these interest rate swaps are recorded as an adjustment to "Interest on subordinated debentures" or "Interest and fees on loans" in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income. For the three months ended March 31, 20212022, there was a negativepositive impact of $226 thousand$0.5 million on net interest income as a result of these interest rate swaps. Changes in the fair value of the cash flow hedges are reported on the balance sheet and in OCI. When the cash flows associated with the hedged item are realized, the gain or loss included in OCI is recognized in "Interest on subordinated debentures," or "Interest and fees on loans", the same line itemitems in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income as the income on the hedged items. The cash flow hedges were highly effective at March 31, 2021,2022, and changes in the fair value attributed to hedge ineffectiveness were not material.
41

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

The Company also enters into interest rate lock commitments in conjunction with its mortgage origination business. These are commitments to originate loans whereby the interest rate on the loan is determined prior to funding and the customers have locked into that interest rate. The Company locks the rate in with an investor and commits to deliver the loan if settlement
39

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

occurs (“best efforts”) or commits to deliver the locked loan in a binding (“mandatory”) delivery program with an investor. Loans under mandatory rate lock commitments are covered under forward sales contracts of mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”). Forward sales contracts of MBS are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in "Noninterest income" in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income. The impact to noninterest income for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 was a decrease $1.1of $1.2 million.
Interest rate lock commitments and commitments to deliver loans to investors are considered derivatives. The market value of interest rate lock commitments and best efforts contracts are not readily ascertainable with precision because they are not actively traded in stand-alone markets. We determine the fair value of rate lock commitments and delivery contracts by measuring the fair value of the underlying asset, which is impacted by current interest rates and taking into consideration the probability that the rate lock commitments will close or will be funded. At March 31, 2021,2022, the underlying funded mortgage loan commitments had a carrying value of $12.2$6.9 million and a fair value of $13.6$6.3 million, while the underlying unfunded mortgage loan commitments had a notional amount of $41.6$38.6 million. At December 31, 2020,2021, the underlying funded mortgage loan commitments had a carrying value of $25.0$11.0 million and a fair value of $28.4$11.9 million, while the underlying unfunded mortgage loan commitments had a notional amount of $47.9$29.7 million. The interest rate lock commitments increaseddecreased other noninterest income by $1.0$0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022.
In addition, a small amount of interest income on loans is exposed to changes in foreign exchange rates. Several commercial borrowers have a portion of their operations outside of the United States and borrow funds on a short-term basis to fund those operations. In order to reduce the risk related to the translation of foreign denominated transactions into U.S. dollars, the Company enters into foreign exchange forward contracts. These contracts relate principally to the Euro and the Canadian dollar. The contracts are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in "Other operating expense" in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income. The increase in other noninterest expense for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 totaled $2 thousand, respectively.$1 thousand. At March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, the underlying loans had a carrying value of $2.0$1.4 million and $2.1$2.0 million, respectively, and a fair value of $2.0$1.4 million and $2.1$2.0 million, respectively.

The following table depicts the credit value and fair value adjustments recorded related to the notional amount of derivatives outstanding as well as the notional amount of risk participation agreements participated to other banks:
March 31, 2021December 31, 2020
 (dollars in thousands)
Derivatives not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Credit value adjustment$(1,363)$(2,792)
Notional amount:
Interest rate derivatives639,480 631,446 
Interest rate caps66,397 66,527 
Interest rate collars35,354 35,354 
Risk participation agreements220,165 220,280 
Sold credit protection on risk participation agreements(87,063)(78,522)
Interest rate options41,641 47,874 
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments
Interest rate swaps:
Fair value adjustment(1,824)(3,665)
Notional amount70,000 70,000 
Interest rate forwards:
Fair value adjustment559 (483)
Notional amount49,000 65,000 
Foreign exchange forwards:
Fair value adjustment12 (5)
Notional amount1,989 2,119 
March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
 (dollars in thousands)
Derivatives not Designated as Hedging Instruments
Credit value adjustment$(48)$(395)
Notional amount:
Interest rate derivatives672,534 708,759 
Interest rate caps65,823 66,007 
Interest rate collars35,354 35,354 
Risk participation agreements240,122 241,111 
Sold credit protection on risk participation agreements(77,114)(95,618)
Interest rate options38,612 29,691 
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments
Interest rate swaps:
Fair value adjustment(24,948)(7,022)
Notional amount570,000 570,000 
Interest rate forwards:
Fair value adjustment837 (29)
Notional amount41,000 38,000 
Foreign exchange forwards:
Fair value adjustment11 12 
Notional amount1,425 1,982 
 
4042

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)


The table below presents the change in the fair value of derivative assets and derivative liabilities attributable to credit risk or fair value changes included in "Other income," 'Other expense," "Interest on subordinated debentures" or "Interest and fees on loans" in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income:
 For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20212020
 (dollars in thousands)
Non-hedging interest rate derivatives
(Decrease) increase in other income$336 $(811)
Hedging interest rate derivatives
Increase (decrease) in interest from subordinated debentures226 (54)
Hedging interest rate forwards
Increase (decrease) in other income(1,042)481 
Hedging foreign exchange forwards
Increase in other expense
 For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20222021
 (dollars in thousands)
Non-hedging interest rate derivatives
(Decrease) increase in other income$(848)$336 
Hedging interest rate derivatives
Increase in interest and fees on loans755 — 
Increase in interest from subordinated debentures224 226 
Hedging interest rate forwards
Decrease in other income(865)(1,042)
Hedging foreign exchange forwards
Increase in other expense
The fair value of our derivatives is included in a table in Note 10, “Fair Values of Assets and Liabilities,” in the line items
“Other assets” and “Other liabilities.”
Note 12 Goodwill
FASB ASC Topic 350-20, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other” requires an annual valuation of the fair value of a reporting unit that has goodwill and a comparison of the fair value to the book value of equity to determine whether the goodwill has been impaired. Goodwill is also required to be tested on an interim basis if an event or circumstance indicates that it is more likely than not that an impairment loss has been incurred. When circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that fair value is less than carrying value, a triggering event has occurred and a quantitative impairment test would be performed.
We consider First Commonwealth to be one reporting unit. The carrying amount of goodwill as both of March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 20202021 was $303.3 million. NaNNo impairment charges on goodwill or other intangible assets were incurred in 20212022 or 2020.2021.
We test goodwill for impairment as of November 30th each year and again at any quarter-end if any material events occur during a quarter that may affect goodwill.
As of March 31, 2021,2022, no indicators of impairment were identified; however, changing economic conditions that may adversely affect our performance, the fair value of our assets and liabilities, or our stock price could result in impairment, which could adversely affect earnings in future periods. Management will continue to monitor events that could impact this conclusion in the future.

4143

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Note 13 Subordinated Debentures
Subordinated debentures outstanding are as follows:
  March 31, 2021December 31, 2020
 DueAmountRateAmountRate
  (dollars in thousands)
Owed to:
First Commonwealth Bank2028$49,337 4.875% until June 1, 2023, then LIBOR + 1.845%$49,314 4.875% until June 1, 2023, then LIBOR + 1.845%
First Commonwealth Bank203349,149 5.50% until June 1, 2028, then LIBOR + 2.37%49,131 5.50% until June 1, 2028, then LIBOR + 2.37%
First Commonwealth Capital Trust II203430,929 LIBOR + 2.85%30,929 LIBOR + 2.85%
First Commonwealth Capital Trust III203441,238 LIBOR + 2.85%41,238 LIBOR + 2.85%
Total$170,653 $170,612 
  March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
 DueRateAmountAmount
  (dollars in thousands)
Owed to:
First Commonwealth Bank20284.875% until June 1, 2023, then 3-Month LIBOR + 1.845%$49,430 $49,407 
First Commonwealth Bank20335.50% until June 1, 2028, then 3-Month LIBOR + 2.37%49,218 49,201 
First Commonwealth Capital Trust II20343-Month LIBOR + 2.85%30,929 30,929 
First Commonwealth Capital Trust III20343-Month LIBOR + 2.85%41,238 41,238 
Total$170,815 $170,775 
On May 21, 2018, First Commonwealth issued ten-year subordinated notes with an aggregate principal amount of $50.0 million and a fixed-to-floating rate of 4.875%. The rate remains fixed until June 1, 2023, then adjusts on a quarterly basis to three-month LIBOR + 1.845%. The Bank may redeem the notes, beginning with the interest payment due on June 1, 2023, in whole or in part at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the subordinated notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. Deferred issuance costs of $0.9 million are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the notes.
On May 21, 2018, First Commonwealth issued fifteen-year subordinated notes with an aggregate principal amount of $50.0 million and a fixed-to-floating rate of 5.50%. The rate remains fixed until June 1, 2028, then adjusts on a quarterly basis to three-month LIBOR + 2.37%. The Bank may redeem the notes, beginning with the interest payment due on June 1, 2028, in whole or in part at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the subordinated notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. Deferred issuance costs of $1.1 million are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the notes.
First Commonwealth currently has two trusts, First Commonwealth Capital Trust II and First Commonwealth Capital Trust III, of which 100% of the common equity is owned by First Commonwealth. The trusts were formed for the purpose of issuing company obligated mandatorily redeemable capital securities to third-party investors and investing the proceeds from the sale of the capital securities solely in junior subordinated debt securities (“subordinated debentures”) of First Commonwealth. The subordinated debentures held by each trust are the sole assets of the trust.
Interest on the debentures issued to First Commonwealth Capital Trust III is paid quarterly at a floating rate of three-month LIBOR + 2.85% which is reset quarterly. Subject to regulatory approval, First Commonwealth may redeem the debentures, in whole or in part, at its option on any interest payment date at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the debentures, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of the redemption. Deferred issuance costs of $0.6 million are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the securities.
Interest on the debentures issued to First Commonwealth Capital Trust II is paid quarterly at a floating rate of three-month LIBOR + 2.85%, which is reset quarterly. Subject to regulatory approval, First Commonwealth may redeem the debentures, in whole or in part, at its option at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the debentures, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of the redemption. Deferred issuance costs of $0.5 million are being amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the securities.
In order to reduce its exposure to variability in expected future cash flows related to interest payments on First Commonwealth Capital Trust II and III, the Company entered into two interest rate swap contracts that are designated as cash flow hedges. These contracts fix the LIBOR based portion of the interest rate on Capital Trust II at 1.515% until August 15, 2024 and on Capital Trust III at 1.525% until August 15, 2026. Additional information related to these cash flow hedges can be found in Note 11- "Derivatives".
Note 14 Revenue Recognition

Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is generated from contracts with customers. Revenue associated with financial instruments, including revenue from loans and securities, certain noninterest income streams such as fees associated with derivatives are not in scope of ASC Topic 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASC Topic 606 is applicable to noninterest revenue streams such as trust income, service charges on deposits, insurance and retail brokerage commissions, card-related interchange income and gain(loss) on sale of OREO. For contracts within the scope of ASC 606, the Company immediately expenses contract acquisition costs when the asset that would have resulted from capitalizing these costs would have been amortized in one year or less.


4244

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)


noninterest revenue streams such as trust income, service charges on deposits, insurance and retail brokerage commissions, card-related interchange income and gain(loss) on sale of OREO. For contracts within the scope of ASC Topic 606, the Company immediately expenses contract acquisition costs when the asset that would have resulted from capitalizing these costs would have been amortized in one year or less.

Noninterest revenue streams in-scope of Topic 606 are discussed below:

Trust Income

Trust income is primarily comprised of fees earned from the management and administration of trusts and other customer assets. The Company’s performance obligation is generally satisfied over time and the resulting fees are recognized monthly, based upon a tiered scale of market value of the assets under management at month-end. Payment is generally received a few days after month end through a direct charge to customers’ accounts. The Company does not earn performance-based incentives. Optional services such as financial planning or tax return preparation services are also available to trust customers. The Company’s performance obligation for these transactional-based services is generally satisfied and related revenue recognized, at a point in time. Payment is received shortly after services are rendered.

Service Charges on Deposit Accounts

Service charges on deposit accounts consist of fees earned from its deposit customers for transaction-based, account maintenance, overdraft services and account analysis fees. Transaction-based fees, which include services such as ATM use fees, stop payment fees, statement rendering and ACH fees are recognized at the time the transaction is executed which is the point in time the Company fulfills the customer’s request. Monthly account maintenance fees are earned over the course of the month, representing the period over which the Company satisfies the performance obligation. Overdraft fees are recognized at the point in time that the overdraft occurs. The Company’s performance obligation for account analysis fees is generally satisfied, and the related revenue recognized, during the month the service is provided. Payment for service charges on deposit accounts is primarily received immediately or in the following month through a direct charge to customers’ accounts.

Insurance and Retail Brokerage Commissions

Insurance income primarily consists of commissions received from execution of personal, business and health insurance policies when acting as an agent on behalf of insurance carriers. The Company’s performance obligation is generally satisfied upon the issuance of the insurance policy. Because the Company’s contracts with the insurance carriers are generally cancellable by either party, with minimal notice, insurance commissions are recognized during the policy period as received. Also, the majority of insurance commissions are received on a monthly basis during the policy period; however, some carriers pay the full annual commission to First Commonwealth at the time of policy issuance or renewal. In these cases, First Commonwealth would be required to refund any commissions it would not be entitled to as a result of cancelled or terminated policies. The Company has established a refund liability for the remaining term of the policies expected to be cancelled. The Company also receives incentive-based contingency fees from the insurance carriers. Contingency fee revenue, which totals approximately $0.3 million per year, is recognized as received due to the immaterial amount.
Retail brokerage income primarily consists of commissions received on annuity and investment product sales through a third-party service provider. The Company’s performance obligation is generally satisfied upon the issuance of the annuity policy or the execution of an investment transaction. The Company does not earn a significant amount of trailer fees on annuity sales. However, after considering the factors impacting these trailer fees, such as the uncertainty of investor behavior and changes in the market value of assets, First Commonwealth determined that it would recognize trailing fees as received because it could not reasonably estimate an amount of future trailing commissions for which collection is probable. Commissions from the third-party service provider are received on a monthly basis based upon customer activity for the month. The fees are recognized monthly with a receivable until commissions are received from the third-party service provider the following month. Because the Company acts as an agent in arranging the relationship between the customer and the third-party service provider and does not control the services rendered to the customers, retail brokerage fees are presented net of related costs, including $0.9 million and $0.8$0.9 million in commission expense as of March 31, 20212022 and 2020,2021, respectively.

4345

ITEM 1. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

Card-Related Interchange Income

Card-related interchange income is primarily comprised of debit and credit card income, ATM fees and merchant services income. Debit and credit card income is primarily comprised of interchange fees earned whenever the Company’s debit and credit cards are processed through card payment networks such as Mastercard.MasterCard. ATM fees are primarily generated when a Company cardholder uses a non-Company ATM or a non-Company cardholder uses a Company ATM. Merchant services income mainly represents fees charged to merchants to process their debit and credit card transactions, in addition to account management fees. Card-related interchange income is recognized daily as the customer transactions are settled.

Other Income

Other income includes service revenue from processing wire transfers, bill pay service, cashier’s checks, and other services. The Company’s performance obligation for these services are largely satisfied, and related revenue recognized, when the services are rendered or upon completion. Payment is typically received immediately or in the following month.

Gains(losses) on sales of OREO

First Commonwealth records a gain or loss from the sale of OREO when control of the property transfers to the buyer, which generally occurs at the time of an executed deed. When First Commonwealth finances the sale of OREO to the buyer, an assessment of whether the buyer is committed to perform their obligations under the contract is completed along with an evaluation of whether collectability of the transaction price is probable. Once these criteria are met, the OREO asset is derecognized and the gain or loss on sale is recorded upon transfer of control of the property to the buyer. In determining the gain or loss on the sale, First Commonwealth adjusts the transaction price and related gain(loss) on sale if a significant financing component is present.

The following presents noninterest income, segregated by revenue streams in-scope and out-of-scope of Topic 606:
 For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20212020
 (dollars in thousands)
Noninterest Income
In-scope of Topic 606:
Trust income$2,516 $2,111 
Service charges on deposit accounts4,047 4,745 
Insurance and retail brokerage commissions2,172 1,995 
Card-related interchange income6,427 5,262 
Gain on sale of other loans and assets169 159 
Other income980 944 
Noninterest Income (in-scope of Topic 606)16,311 15,216 
Noninterest Income (out-of-scope of Topic 606)11,044 4,057 
Total Noninterest Income$27,355 $19,273 
 For the Three Months Ended March 31,
 20222021
 (dollars in thousands)
Noninterest Income
In-scope of Topic 606:
Trust income$2,713 $2,516 
Service charges on deposit accounts4,615 4,047 
Insurance and retail brokerage commissions2,272 2,172 
Card-related interchange income6,490 6,427 
Gain on sale of other loans and assets43 169 
Other income975 980 
Noninterest Income (in-scope of Topic 606)17,108 16,311 
Noninterest Income (out-of-scope of Topic 606)6,868 11,044 
Total Noninterest Income$23,976 $27,355 
4446

Table of Contents


ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
This discussion and the related financial data are presented to assist in the understanding and evaluation of the consolidated financial condition and the results of operations of First Commonwealth Financial Corporation including its subsidiaries (“First Commonwealth”) for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 2020,2021, and should be read in conjunction with the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in this Form 10-Q.
Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements contained in this reportQuarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not statements of historical facts mayfact constitute “forward-looking statements”forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and are intended to be covered by the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Act”), notwithstanding that such statements are not specifically identified as such. In addition, certain statements may be contained in our future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, in press releases, and in oral and written statements made by us or with our approval that are not statements of historical fact and constitute “forward-looking statements” as well. Theseforward-looking statements whichwithin the meaning of the Act. Examples of forward-looking statements include, but are based on certain assumptionsnot limited to: (i) projections of revenues, expenses, income or loss, earnings or loss per share, the payment or nonpayment of dividends, capital structure and describe our futureother financial items; (ii) statements of plans, strategiesobjectives and expectations can generally be identified by the use of wordsFirst Commonwealth or its management or Board of Directors, including those relating to products, services or operations; (iii) statements of future economic performance; and (iv) statements of assumptions underlying such statements. Words such as “may,“believe,“will,“anticipate,“should,“expect,“could,” “would,“intend,” “plan,” “believe,“estimate, “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “estimate” or words of similar meaning. Thesemeaning, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could” or “may,” are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those in such statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ from those discussed in the forward-looking statements include, but are subject to significant risks, assumptionsnot limited to:
Local, regional, national and uncertainties, including uncertainties regardinginternational economic conditions and the impact they may have on us and our customers and our assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic, and could be affected by many factors, including, but not limited to: (1) the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on First Commonwealth and its customers; (2) volatilitythat impact.
Volatility and disruption in national and international financial markets; (3)markets.
Government intervention in the U.S. financial system.
Changes in the mix of loan geographies, sectors and types or the level of non-performing assets and charge-offs.
Changes in estimates of future reserve requirements based upon the periodic review thereof under relevant regulatory and accounting requirements.
The effects of and changes in trade and monetary and fiscal policies and laws, including the interest rate policies of the Federal Reserve Board; (4) inflation,Board.
Inflation, interest rate, commodity price, securities market and monetary fluctuations; (5) thefluctuations.
The effect of changes in laws and regulations (including laws and regulations concerning taxes, banking, securities and insurance) with which First Commonwealth or its customerswe and our subsidiaries must comply; (6) thecomply.
The soundness of other financial institutions; (7) political instability; (8) impairmentinstitutions.
Political instability.
Impairment of First Commonwealth’sour goodwill or other intangible assets; (9) actsassets.
Acts of God or of war or terrorism; (10) theterrorism.
The timely development and acceptance of new products and services and perceived overall value of these products and services by users; (11) changesusers.
Changes in consumer spending, borrowings and savings habits; (12) changeshabits.
Changes in the financial performance and/or condition of First Commonwealth’s borrowers; (13) technological changes; (14) acquisitionsour borrowers.
Technological changes.
The cost and effects of cyber incidents or other failures, interruption or security breaches of our systems or those of third-party providers.
Acquisitions and integration of acquired businesses; (15) First Commonwealth’sbusinesses.
Our ability to increase market share and control expenses.
Our ability to attract and retain qualified employees; (16) changesemployees.
Changes in the competitive environment in First Commonwealth’sour markets and among banking organizations and other financial service providers; (17) the ability to increase market share and control expenses; (18) theproviders.
The effect of changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the regulatory agencies, as well as the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, the Financial Accounting Standards Board and other accounting standard setters; (19)setters.
Changes in the reliability of First Commonwealth’sour vendors, internal control systems or information systems; (20)systems.
Changes in our liquidity position.
47

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


Changes in our organization, compensation and benefit plans.
The impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and any other pandemic, epidemic or health-related crisis.
The costs and effects of legal and regulatory developments, the resolution of legal proceedings or regulatory or other governmental inquiries, the results of regulatory examinations or reviews and the ability to obtain required regulatory approvals;approvals.
Greater than expected costs or difficulties related to the integration of new products and (21) otherlines of business.
Our success at managing the risks and uncertainties described in this report andinvolved in the other reports that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. Further,foregoing items.

Forward-looking statements about the potential effectsspeak only as of the COVID-19 pandemicdate on our business, financial condition, liquidity and results of operations may constitute forward-lookingwhich such statements and are subjectmade. We do not undertake any obligation to the risk that the actual effects may differ, possibly materially, from what is reflected in those forward-looking statements due to factors and future developments that are uncertain, unpredictable, and in many cases beyond our control, including the scope and duration of the pandemic, actions taken by governmental authorities in response to the pandemic, and the direct and indirect impact of the pandemic on our customers, clients, third parties and us.
In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, you should not place undue reliance onupdate any forward-looking statements in this report. We undertake no obligationstatement to publicly update or otherwise revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, futurereflect events or otherwise.circumstances after the date on which such statement is made, or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
Explanation of Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measure
In addition to the results of operations presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), First Commonwealth management uses, and this quarterly report contains or references, certain non-GAAP financial measures, such as net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures provide information that is useful to investors in understanding our underlying operational performance and our business and performance trends as they facilitate comparison with the performance of others in the financial services industry. Although we believe that these non-
45

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


GAAPnon-GAAP financial measures enhance investors’ understanding of our business and performance, these non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered an alternative to GAAP.
We believe the presentation of net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis ensures comparability of net interest income arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources and is consistent with industry practice. Interest income per the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income is reconciled to net interest income adjusted to a fully taxable equivalent basis on page 49pages 51 for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 2020, respectively.2021.
4648

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES



Selected Financial Data
The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, which follows, and with the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes. 
For the Three Months Ended March 31,For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2021202020222021
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Net IncomeNet Income$39,770 $4,727 Net Income$27,726 $39,770 
Per Share Data:Per Share Data:Per Share Data:
Per Share Data: Basic Earnings per Share$0.41 $0.05 
Basic Earnings per ShareBasic Earnings per Share$0.29 $0.41 
Diluted Earnings per Share Diluted Earnings per Share0.41 0.05 Diluted Earnings per Share0.29 0.41 
Cash Dividends Declared per Common ShareCash Dividends Declared per Common Share0.11 0.11 Cash Dividends Declared per Common Share0.115 0.110 
Average Balance:Average Balance:Average Balance:
Total assetsTotal assets$9,130,454 $8,337,321 Total assets$9,524,578 $9,130,454 
Total equityTotal equity1,076,555 1,071,318 Total equity1,107,415 1,076,555 
End of Period Balance:End of Period Balance:End of Period Balance:
Net loans (1)
$6,660,735 $6,260,652 
Net loans and leases (1)
Net loans and leases (1)
$6,871,430 $6,660,735 
Total assetsTotal assets9,416,989 8,515,105 Total assets9,642,124 9,416,989 
Total depositsTotal deposits7,869,256 6,923,088 Total deposits8,171,847 7,869,256 
Total equityTotal equity1,087,480 1,057,924 Total equity1,067,619 1,087,480 
Key Ratios:Key Ratios:Key Ratios:
Return on average assetsReturn on average assets1.77 %0.23 %Return on average assets1.18 %1.77 %
Return on average equityReturn on average equity14.98 %1.77 %Return on average equity10.15 %14.98 %
Dividends payout ratioDividends payout ratio26.83 %220.00 %Dividends payout ratio39.66 %26.83 %
Average equity to average assets ratioAverage equity to average assets ratio11.79 %12.85 %Average equity to average assets ratio11.63 %11.79 %
Net interest marginNet interest margin3.40 %3.65 %Net interest margin3.19 %3.40 %
Net loans to deposits ratioNet loans to deposits ratio84.64 %90.43 %Net loans to deposits ratio84.09 %84.64 %
(1) Includes loans held for sale.

Results of Operations
Three Months Ended March 31, 20212022 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 20202021
Net Income
For the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, First Commonwealth had net income of $27.7 million, or $0.29 diluted earnings per share, compared to net income of $39.8 million, or $0.41 diluted earnings per share, compared to net income of $4.7 million, or $0.05 diluted earnings per share, in the three months ended March 31, 2020.2021. The increasedecrease in net income was primarily the result of a $4.4$2.0 million negative provision for credit losses recognized induring the first quarterthree months ended March 31, 2022 compared to an expensea negative provision of $31.0$4.4 million in provision for credit losses recognized in the same period in 2020. This was partially offset by a $8.52021. Additionally, noninterest income decreased $3.4 million increaseand noninterest expense increased $3.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the same period in the income tax provision due to higher income before income taxes.2021.
For the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, the Company’s return on average equity was 14.98%10.15% and its return on average assets was 1.77%1.18%, compared to 1.77%14.98% and 0.23%1.77%, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2020.2021.
Net Interest Income
Net interest income, on a fully taxable equivalent basis, was $69.8$68.4 million in the first three months of 2021,2022, compared to $68.1$69.8 million for the same period in 2020.2021. The increasedecrease in net interest income can be attributed to a 5130 basis point decrease in the yield on interest-earning assets, partially offset by a 12 basis point decrease in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities offset byand a 64 basis point decrease$391.2 million increase in the yield on interest-earning assets. Net interest income comprises the majority of our operating revenue (net interest income before provision expense plus noninterest income), at 71.7% and 77.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.
4749

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


interest income before provision expense plus noninterest income), at 74.0% and 71.7% for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
The net interest margin on a fully taxable equivalent basis was 3.40%3.19% and 3.65%3.40% for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and March 31, 2020,2021, respectively. The decline in the net interest margin is primarily attributable to the lower level of interest rates largely offset by the amount and composition of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.
 
The taxable equivalent yield on interest-earning assets was 3.63%3.33% for the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, a decrease of 6430 basis points compared to the 4.27%3.63% yield for the same period in 2020. This2021. Contributing to this decrease is largelya $438.2 million decline in average PPP loans, which yield higher rates than the remainder of the loan portfolio. As the PPP loans paid off, due to a decreaseforgiveness by the US Government, the funds were used to fund growth in the loan portfolio yield, which declined by 53 basis points when compared toand investment portfolios. Additionally, replacement yields on certain loan categories, including commercial variable loans, were lower than the three months ended March 31, 2020. Contributing to this decline was the yieldrates on our adjustable and variable rate commercial loan portfolio, which declined 81 basis points as a result of the Federal Reserve's decrease of short-term interest ratesrunoff in March 2020. During the first quarter of 2020, the Federal Reserve decreased the Federal Funds target rate by 150 basis points.those categories.

The loan yield for the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, decreased 30 basis points compared to the same period in 2021. The decrease was impacted by $489.4 millionprimarily due to a decline in average PPP loans outstanding during the period.outstanding. These loans, which were originated under the CARES Act, had an average balance of $51.1 million and have a stated loan rate of 1% and a yield of 6.58%13.93% for the three months ended March 31, 2021. There were no2022. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, PPP loans outstanding at March 31, 2020.averaged $489.4 million with a yield of 6.58%. The yield on PPP loans includes the recognition of PPP loan deferred processing fees, net of deferred origination costs, of $7.0$1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022. These amounts are recognized in interest income as a yield adjustment over the life of the loan with accelerated recognition when a loan is forgiven or paid off. As of March 31, 2021,2022, we expect to recognize additional PPP relatedPPP-related deferred processing fees, net of origination costs, of approximately $13.1$0.9 million as an adjustment to yield over the remaining terms of the loans. The balance of PPP loans outstanding at March 31, 20212022 totaled $478.5$28.9 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, PPP loans generated $1.8 million in income compared to $7.9 million during the same period in 2021. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, PPP loans increased the yield on total loans by 197 basis points and the net interest margin by 206 basis points duringpoints. During the three months ended March 31, 2021. During the first quarter of 2021,2022, the Company originated $224.8 million in new PPP loans and receivedprocessed forgiveness on $230.6$43.0 million of PPP loans originated in prior quarters.

The investment portfolio yield decreased 5115 basis points in comparison to the prior year as a result of $335.5 million in average growth at a time when new volume rates were lower than the decreaseportfolio yield. Growth in short-term interest rates. Investmentthe investment portfolio purchases during the three months ended March 31, 2021 have been primarily in obligations of U.S. government agencies, obligations of other government-sponsored enterprises and obligations of states and political subdivisions with durations of approximately four to five years. Additionally, asis a result of excess liquidity caused by significantcontinued deposit growth as well as a decline in deposits during the past year, the average balance of interest-bearing deposits with banks, primarily represented by deposits placed with the Federal reserve, has increasedwhich decreased from $7.3 million in 2020 to $340.8 million in 2021.2021 to $284.4 million in 2022. The impact ofchange in the level and rate paid on interest-bearing deposits with banks decreased the yield on earning assets by 1511 basis points for the three months ended March 31, 2021.2022.
Decreases in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities partially offset the negative impact of lower yields on interest-earning assets. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased to 0.34%0.22% for the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, from 0.85%0.34% for the same period in 2020. Deposit growth due to the retention of PPP loan proceeds and the deposit of Federal stimulus checks combined to contribute to a decline in average short-term borrowings of $82.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020.2021. Lower market interest rates and management's efforts to reduce deposit costs resulted in the cost of interest-bearing deposits decreasing 5110 basis points and short-term borrowings decreasing 1064 basis points in comparison to the same period last year.
For the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, changes in interest rates negatively impacted net interest income by $6.7$4.8 million when compared with the same period in 2020.2021. The lower yield on interest-earning assets negatively impacted net interest income by $12.7$5.6 million, while the decrease in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities positively impacted net interest income by $6.0$0.8 million.
Changes in the volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities positively impacted net interest income by $8.3$3.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, as compared to the same period in 2020.2021. Higher levels of interest-earning assets resulted in an increase of $7.3$2.7 million in interest income, and changes in the volume and mix of interest-bearing liabilities decreased interest expense by $1.0$0.8 million, primarily due to a decrease in time deposits.long-term debt. Average earning assets for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 increased $800.0$391.2 million, or 10.7%4.7%, compared to the same period in 2020.2021. Average loans for the comparable period increased $525.6$112.2 million, or 8.4%1.7%.
Net interest income also benefited from a $793.1$223.2 million increase in average net free funds at March 31, 20212022 as compared to March 31, 2020.2021. Average net free funds are the excess of noninterest-bearing demand deposits, other noninterest-bearing liabilities and shareholders’ equity over noninterest-earning assets. The largest component of the increase in net free funds was an increase of $737.5$231.7 million, or 44.0%9.6%, in noninterest-bearing demand deposit average balances, primarily due to deposit growth related to PPP loan proceeds.proceeds and government stimulus payments. Average time deposits for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 decreased by $297.7$153.8 million compared to the comparable period in 2020,2021, while the average rate paid on time deposits decreased 9046 basis points compared to the same period in 2020.2021.
4850

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The following table reconciles interest income in the Consolidated Statements of Income to net interest income adjusted to a fully taxable equivalent basis for the three months ended March 31:
20212020
 (dollars in thousands)
Interest income per Consolidated Statements of Income$74,061 $79,329 
Adjustment to fully taxable equivalent basis309 397 
Interest income adjusted to fully taxable equivalent basis (non-GAAP)74,370 79,726 
Interest expense4,619 11,605 
Net interest income adjusted to fully taxable equivalent basis (non-GAAP)$69,751 $68,121 
20222021
 (dollars in thousands)
Interest income per Consolidated Statements of Income$71,244 $74,061 
Adjustment to fully taxable equivalent basis253 309 
Interest income adjusted to fully taxable equivalent basis (non-GAAP)71,497 74,370 
Interest expense3,072 4,619 
Net interest income adjusted to fully taxable equivalent basis (non-GAAP)$68,425 $69,751 


4951

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The following is an analysis of the average balance sheets and net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis for the three months ended March 31:
 20212020
 Average
Balance
Income /
Expense (a)
Yield
or
Rate
Average
Balance
Income /
Expense (a)
Yield
or
Rate
 (dollars in thousands)
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Interest-bearing deposits with banks$340,800 $77 0.09 %$7,327 $37 2.03 %
Tax-free investment securities29,695 208 2.84 51,729 399 3.10 
Taxable investment securities1,159,612 5,507 1.93 1,196,643 7,237 2.43 
Loans, net of unearned income (b)(c)(d)
6,781,451 68,578 4.10 6,255,825 72,053 4.63 
Total interest-earning assets8,311,558 74,370 3.63 7,511,524 79,726 4.27 
Noninterest-earning assets:
Cash90,844 100,034 
Allowance for credit losses(106,197)(52,693)
Other assets834,249 778,456 
Total noninterest-earning assets818,896 825,797 
Total Assets$9,130,454 $8,337,321 
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing demand deposits$1,445,653 $108 0.03 %$1,358,206 $1,215 0.36 %
Savings deposits3,158,169 971 0.12 2,857,117 3,847 0.54 
Time deposits528,265 973 0.75 825,966 3,387 1.65 
Short-term borrowings119,369 31 0.11 202,314 588 1.17 
Long-term debt233,113 2,536 4.41 234,050 2,568 4.41 
Total interest-bearing liabilities5,484,569 4,619 0.34 5,477,653 11,605 0.85 
Noninterest-bearing liabilities and shareholders’ equity:
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits2,413,887 1,676,362 
Other liabilities155,443 111,988 
Shareholders’ equity1,076,555 1,071,318 
Total Noninterest-Bearing Funding Sources3,645,885 2,859,668 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity$9,130,454 $8,337,321 
Net Interest Income and Net Yield on Interest-Earning Assets$69,751 3.40 %$68,121 3.65 %
 20222021
 Average
Balance
Income /
Expense (a)
Yield
or
Rate
Average
Balance
Income /
Expense (a)
Yield
or
Rate
 (dollars in thousands)
Assets
Interest-earning assets:
Interest-bearing deposits with banks$284,367 $111 0.16 %$340,800 $77 0.09 %
Tax-free investment securities24,430 160 2.66 29,695 208 2.84 
Taxable investment securities1,500,334 6,613 1.79 1,159,612 5,507 1.93 
Loans and leases, net of unearned income (b)(c)
6,893,628 64,613 3.80 6,781,451 68,578 4.10 
Total interest-earning assets8,702,759 71,497 3.33 8,311,558 74,370 3.63 
Noninterest-earning assets:
Cash114,672 90,844 
Allowance for credit losses(93,645)(106,197)
Other assets800,792 834,249 
Total noninterest-earning assets821,819 818,896 
Total Assets$9,524,578 $9,130,454 
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing demand deposits (d)
$1,551,979 $100 0.03 %$1,445,653 $108 0.03 %
Savings deposits (d)
3,428,411 449 0.05 3,158,169 971 0.12 
Time deposits374,484 264 0.29 528,265 973 0.75 
Short-term borrowings115,544 21 0.07 119,369 31 0.11 
Long-term debt182,119 2,238 4.98 233,113 2,536 4.41 
Total interest-bearing liabilities5,652,537 3,072 0.22 5,484,569 4,619 0.34 
Noninterest-bearing liabilities and shareholders’ equity:
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits2,645,551 2,413,887 
Other liabilities119,075 155,443 
Shareholders’ equity1,107,415 1,076,555 
Total Noninterest-Bearing Funding Sources3,872,041 3,645,885 
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity$9,524,578 $9,130,454 
Net Interest Income and Net Yield on Interest-Earning Assets$68,425 3.19 %$69,751 3.40 %
(a)Income on interest-earning assets has been computed on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the 21% federal income tax statutory rate for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 2020.2021.
(b)Loan balances include held for sale and nonaccrual loans. Income on nonaccrual loans is accounted for on the cash basis.
(c)Loan income includes loan fees earned.
(d)     Includes heldAverage balances do not include reallocations from noninterest-bearing demand deposits and interest-bearing demand deposits into savings deposits, which were made for sale loans.regulatory purposes.

 
5052

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The following table shows the effect of changes in volumes and rates on interest income and interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 compared with March 31, 2020:2021:
 Analysis of Year-to-Year Changes in Net Interest Income
 Total
Change
Change Due To
Volume
Change Due To
Rate (a)
 (dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Interest-bearing deposits with banks$40 $1,683 $(1,643)
Tax-free investment securities(191)(170)(21)
Taxable investment securities(1,730)(224)(1,506)
Loans(3,475)6,051 (9,526)
Total interest income (b)(5,356)7,340 (12,696)
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing demand deposits(1,107)78 (1,185)
Savings deposits(2,876)404 (3,280)
Time deposits(2,414)(1,221)(1,193)
Short-term borrowings(557)(241)(316)
Long-term debt(32)(10)(22)
Total interest expense(6,986)(990)(5,996)
Net interest income$1,630 $8,330 $(6,700)
 Analysis of Year-to-Year Changes in Net Interest Income
 Total
Change
Change Due To
Volume
Change Due To
Rate (a)
 (dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:
Interest-bearing deposits with banks$34 $(13)$47 
Tax-free investment securities(48)(37)(11)
Taxable investment securities1,106 1,621 (515)
Loans and leases(3,965)1,134 (5,099)
Total interest income (b)(2,873)2,705 (5,578)
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Interest-bearing demand deposits(8)(16)
Savings deposits(522)80 (602)
Time deposits(709)(284)(425)
Short-term borrowings(10)(1)(9)
Long-term debt(298)(555)257 
Total interest expense(1,547)(752)(795)
Net interest income$(1,326)$3,457 $(4,783)
(a)Changes in interest income or expense not arising solely as a result of volume or rate variances are allocated to rate variances.
(b)Changes in interest income have been computed on a fully taxable equivalent basis using the 21% federal income tax statutory rate.

Provision for Credit Losses
The provision for credit losses is determined based on management’s estimates of the appropriate level of the allowance for credit losses needed for expected losses inherent in the loan portfolio and on off-balance sheet commitments. The provision for credit losses is an amount added to the allowance, against which credit losses are charged.
5153

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The table below provides a breakout of the provision for credit losses by loan category for the three months ended March 31: 
20212020 20222021
DollarsPercentageDollarsPercentage DollarsPercentageDollarsPercentage
(dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and otherCommercial, financial, agricultural and other$5,093 (399)%$7,899 26 %Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$3,023 (1,511)%$5,093 (399)%
Time and demandTime and demand4,960 (389)Time and demand3,715 (1,857)4,960 (389)
Commercial credit cardsCommercial credit cards133 (10)Commercial credit cards113 (56)133 (10)
Equipment financeEquipment finance31 (16)
Time and demand otherTime and demand other(836)418 
Real estate constructionReal estate construction(3,945)309 294 1 Real estate construction710 (355)(3,945)309 
Construction otherConstruction other(103)52 
Construction residentialConstruction residential813 (407)
Residential real estateResidential real estate(1,461)115 4,133 13 Residential real estate4,213 (2,107)(1,461)115 
Residential first lienResidential first lien(692)55 Residential first lien3,683 (1,842)(692)55 
Residential junior lien/home equityResidential junior lien/home equity(769)60 Residential junior lien/home equity530 (265)(769)60 
Commercial real estateCommercial real estate(2,774)217 12,957 42 Commercial real estate314 (157)(2,774)217 
MultifamilyMultifamily(1,988)156 Multifamily49 (25)(1,988)156 
Nonowner occupiedNonowner occupied985 (77)Nonowner occupied(1,576)788 985 (77)
Owner occupiedOwner occupied(1,771)138 Owner occupied1,841 (920)(1,771)138 
Loans to individualsLoans to individuals1,811 (142)5,684 18 Loans to individuals(8,460)4,230 1,811 (142)
Automobile1,254 (98)
Automobile and recreational vehiclesAutomobile and recreational vehicles(8,460)4,230 1,254 (98)
Consumer credit cardsConsumer credit cards205 (16)Consumer credit cards(29)15 205 (16)
Consumer otherConsumer other352 (28)Consumer other29 (15)352 (28)
Provision for credit losses on loans$(1,276)100 %$30,967 100 %
Provision for credit losses on loans and leasesProvision for credit losses on loans and leases$(200)100 %$(1,276)100 %
Provision for off-balance sheet credit exposureProvision for off-balance sheet credit exposure(3,114) Provision for off-balance sheet credit exposure2,164 (3,114)
Total provision for credit losses Total provision for credit losses$(4,390)$30,967  Total provision for credit losses$1,964 $(4,390)
The provision for credit losses on loans and leases for the three months ended March 31, 2021 decreased2022 increased in comparison to the three months ended March 31, 20202021 by $32.2 million. The level of$1.1 million, however both periods reflect a negative provision. Total provision expense in the three months ended March 31, 20212022 is primarily the result of growth in off-balance sheet commitments as well as an improved economic forecast,annual review of peer loss history data which reflects a declineresulted in higher loss rates for construction related commitments. Comparing the impact ofthree months ended March 31, 2022 with the COVID-19 pandemic oncomparable period in 2021, the economy and expected loan losses. Also impacting provision for credit losses on loans isand leases was also impacted by a decrease of $1.8$2.8 million in reserves on individually analyzed loans and $3.3 million in net charge-offs.loans.
Because PPP loans are fully guaranteed by the SBA, there is no allowance for credit losses recognized for these loans. As previously indicated,For the three months ended March 31, 2022, increases in provision expense for Time and demand and Residential first lien as well as the negative provision for Automobile and recreational vehicles are primarily the result of an improved economic forecast providedannual review of peer loss history data used in the Allowance for a lower level of allowance for credit losses and therefore resultedCredit Loss model. Provision expense was also impacted by loan growth in these categories.
The negative provision expense for the first quarterthree months ended March 31, 2021 was primarily the result of 2021. Two loan categories, Commercial, financial, agricultural and other loans as well as Loans to Individualsan improved economic forecast which reflected provision expensea decline in the first quarterprojected impact of 2021. The provision expense for Commercial, financial, agricultural and other loans was a result of net charge-offs and an increase in qualitative reserves. Provision expense for Loans to Individuals can be attributed to loan growth in that category as well as net charge-offs.
The level of provision expense in the first three months of 2020 was primarily to build up the allowance for loan loss in order to provide for expected credit losses related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Contributing topandemic on the higher provision in the first quarter of 2020 was $7.4 million in specific reserves, of which $4.4 million related to loans for three commercial real estate borrowers that were placed on nonperforming status as of March 31, 2020. Net charge-offs during the first quarter of 2020 totaled $3.5 million.economy and expected loan losses.
The allowance for credit losses was $96.8$91.2 million, or 1.44%1.31%, of total loans outstanding at March 31, 2021,2022, compared to $101.3$92.5 million, or 1.50%1.35%, at December 31, 20202021 and $79.1$96.8 million, or 1.25%1.44%, at March 31, 2020.2021. Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans decreased to 0.75%0.54% at March 31, 20212022 from 0.80%0.81% at December 31, 20202021 and 0.93%0.75% as of March 31, 2020.2021. The allowance to nonperforming loan ratio was 192.06%243.38%, 187.43%167.67% and 133.71%192.06% as of March 31, 2021,2022, December 31, 20202021 and March 31, 2020,2021, respectively.
 
Management believes that the allowance for credit losses is at a level deemed appropriate to absorb expected losses inherent in the loan portfolio at March 31, 2021.2022.
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ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


Below is an analysis of the consolidated allowance for credit losses for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 20202021 and the year-ended December 31, 2020:
March 31, 2021March 31, 2020December 31, 2020
 (dollars in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period$101,309 $51,637 $51,637 
Adoption of accounting standard - ASU 2016-13(1)
— — 13,393 
Loans charged off:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other569 486 6,318 
Real estate construction— — — 
Residential real estate105 577 1,040 
Commercial real estate1,550 266 4,939 
Loans to individuals1,541 2,619 6,953 
Total loans charged off3,765 3,948 19,250 
Recoveries of loans previously charged off:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other90 81 314 
Real estate construction— — 26 
Residential real estate37 75 414 
Commercial real estate39 44 312 
Loans to individuals329 219 991 
Total recoveries495 419 2,057 
Net charge-offs3,270 3,529 17,193 
Provision for credit losses on loans charged to expense(1,276)30,967 53,472 
Balance, end of period$96,763 $79,075 $101,309 
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans outstanding (annualized)0.20 %0.23 %0.26 %
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of end-of-period loans outstanding1.44 %1.25 %1.50 %
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of end-of-period loans outstanding, excluding PPP loans1.55 %1.25 %1.61 %
2021:
(1) CECL was adopted on December 31, 2020 in accordance with relief provided under the CARES Act.
Noninterest Income
The following table presents the components of noninterest income for the three months ended March 31:
20212020$ Change% Change
 (dollars in thousands)
Noninterest Income:
Trust income$2,516 $2,111 $405 19 %
Service charges on deposit accounts4,047 4,745 (698)(15)
Insurance and retail brokerage commissions2,172 1,995 177 
Income from bank owned life insurance1,951 1,616 335 21 
Card-related interchange income6,427 5,262 1,165 22 
Swap fee income146 214 (68)(32)
Other income1,924 1,807 117 
Subtotal19,183 17,750 1,433 
Net securities gains19 (13)(68)
Gain on sale of mortgage loans5,046 2,546 2,500 98 
Gain on sale of other loans and assets1,690 699 991 142 
Derivatives mark to market1,430 (1,741)3,171 (182)
Total noninterest income$27,355 $19,273 $8,082 42 %
March 31, 2022March 31, 2021December 31, 2021
 (dollars in thousands)
Balance, beginning of period$92,522 $101,309 $101,309 
Loans charged off:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other475 569 7,020 
Real estate construction— — 
Residential real estate139 105 309 
Commercial real estate— 1,550 1,659 
Loans to individuals1,009 1,541 4,061 
Total loans charged off1,623 3,765 13,058 
Recoveries of loans previously charged off:
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other80 90 2,430 
Real estate construction— — 155 
Residential real estate29 37 468 
Commercial real estate14 39 135 
Loans to individuals366 329 1,460 
Total recoveries489 495 4,648 
Net charge-offs1,134 3,270 8,410 
Provision for credit losses on loans charged to expense(200)(1,276)(377)
Balance, end of period$91,188 $96,763 $92,522 
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans and leases outstanding (annualized)0.07 %0.20 %0.12 %
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of end-of-period loans outstanding1.31 %1.44 %1.35 %
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of end-of-period loans outstanding, excluding PPP loans1.32 %1.55 %1.37 %
53

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


Total noninterest income, excluding net securities gains, gain on sale of mortgage loans, gain on sale of other loans and assets and derivatives mark to market for the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased $1.4 million, or 8%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2020. Card-related interchange income increased $1.2 million due to growth in customer accounts and transactions. Service charges on deposit accounts decreased $0.7 million. The lower level of service charge on deposit accounts is a result of customers maintaining higher deposit balances due to federal stimulus funds.
Total noninterest income increased $8.1 million, or 42%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The most significant changes, other than the changes noted above, include a $2.5 million increase in gain on sale of mortgage loans as a result of growth in our mortgage lending area. The mark to market adjustment on interest rate swaps entered into for our commercial customers resulted in an increase of $3.2 million in noninterest income compared to the prior year period. This adjustment does not reflect a realized gain on the swaps, but rather relates to change in fair value due to movements in corporate bond spreads and swap rates. The gain on sale of other loans and assets increased $1.0 million due to a higher volume of loans being sold in the first three months of 2021 compared to the same period in 2020.
Noninterest Expense
The following table presents the components of noninterest expense for the three months ended March 31:
20212020$ Change% Change
 (dollars in thousands)
Noninterest Expense:
Salaries and employee benefits$28,671 $29,977 $(1,306)(4)%
Net occupancy4,773 4,973 (200)(4)
Furniture and equipment3,948 3,778 170 
Data processing3,052 2,467 585 24 
Advertising and promotion1,324 1,150 174 15 
Contributions731 472 259 55 
Pennsylvania shares tax832 738 94 13 
Intangible amortization866 934 (68)(7)
Other professional fees and services751 898 (147)(16)
FDIC insurance696 28 668 2,386 
Other operating5,613 4,230 1,383 33 
Subtotal51,257 49,645 1,612 
Loss on sale or write-down of assets213 (204)(96)
COVID-19 related74 23 51 222 
Branch consolidation40 — 40 — 
Litigation and operational losses479 390 89 23 
Total noninterest expense$51,859 $50,271 $1,588 %

Noninterest expense increased $1.6 million, or 3%, for the three months ended March 31, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020. Contributing to the increase in expense in 2021 is a $1.4 million increase in Other operating expenses as a result a $2.5 million credit in unfunded commitment expense recognized in 2020, with no similar credit in 2021. As a result of the adoption of CECL, the unfunded commitment expense is now recorded as part of provision for credit losses. FDIC insurance increased $0.7 million in comparison to the prior period as a result of a $0.6 million assessment credit received in 2020 due to the FDIC deposit insurance fund reaching the required minimum reserve ratio. There was no similar credit in 2021. Partially offsetting these increases is a $1.3 million decrease in salaries and employee benefits as a result of a $0.5 million decline in hospitalization expense as well as $0.2 million in salary and benefit costs related to the origination of PPP loans during the first quarter of 2021.
5455

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


Noninterest Income
The following table presents the components of noninterest income for the three months ended March 31:
20222021$ Change% Change
 (dollars in thousands)
Noninterest Income:
Trust income$2,713 $2,516 $197 %
Service charges on deposit accounts4,615 4,047 568 14 
Insurance and retail brokerage commissions2,272 2,172 100 
Income from bank owned life insurance1,508 1,951 (443)(23)
Card-related interchange income6,490 6,427 63 
Swap fee income453 146 307 210 
Other income1,975 1,924 51 
Subtotal20,026 19,183 843 
Net securities gains(4)(67)
Gain on sale of mortgage loans1,282 5,046 (3,764)(75)
Gain on sale of other loans and assets2,319 1,690 629 37 
Derivatives mark to market347 1,430 (1,083)(76)
Total noninterest income$23,976 $27,355 $(3,379)(12)%
Total noninterest income, excluding net securities gains, gain on sale of mortgage loans, gain on sale of other loans and assets and the derivatives mark to market for the three months ended March 31, 2022 increased $0.8 million, or 4%, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. Service charges on deposit accounts increased $0.6 million as customer activity began to return to pre-COVID levels and swap fee income increased $0.3 million due to growth in interest rate swaps entered into for our commercial customers. Trust income increased $0.2 million as a result of growth in assets under management. Income from bank owned life insurance decreased $0.4 million compared to the prior period due to recognition of a benefit during the three months ended March 31, 2021 with no similar benefit during the three months ended March 31, 2022.
Total noninterest income decreased $3.4 million, or 12%, compared to the same period in the prior year. The most significant changes, other than the changes noted above, include a $3.8 million decrease in Gain on sale of mortgage loans as a result of changes in volume and the spread received on mortgage loans sold. The mark to market adjustment on interest rate swaps entered into for our commercial loan customers decreased $1.1 million. This adjustment does not reflect a realized gain on the swaps, but rather relates to changes in fair value due to movements in corporate bond spreads and swap rates. The gain on sale of other loans and assets increased $0.6 million due to a higher volume of loans, primarily SBA loans, being sold in the first three months of 2022 compared to the same period in 2021.
56

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


Noninterest Expense
The following table presents the components of noninterest expense for the three months ended March 31:
20222021$ Change% Change
 (dollars in thousands)
Noninterest Expense:
Salaries and employee benefits$30,932 $28,671 $2,261 %
Net occupancy4,787 4,773 14 — 
Furniture and equipment3,730 3,948 (218)(6)
Data processing3,188 3,052 136 
Advertising and promotion1,226 1,324 (98)(7)
Pennsylvania shares tax1,005 832 173 21 
Intangible amortization862 866 (4)— 
Other professional fees and services1,221 751 470 63 
FDIC insurance698 696 — 
Other operating7,285 6,344 941 15 
Subtotal54,934 51,257 3,677 
Loss on sale or write-down of assets75 66 733 
COVID-19 related17 74 (57)(77)
Branch consolidation98 40 58 145 
Litigation and operational losses600 479 121 25 
Total noninterest expense$55,724 $51,859 $3,865 %
Noninterest expense increased $3.9 million, or 7%, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 compared to the same period in 2021. Contributing to the increase in expense in 2022 is a $2.3 million increase in salaries and employee benefits primarily due to the number of full time equivalent employees increasing from 1,387 at March 31, 2021 to 1,432 at March 31, 2022. Contributing to the increase in other operating expenses were several expense categories, including credit reporting, travel and operational losses, none of which were individually significant.
Income Tax
The provision for income taxes increased $8.5decreased $2.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021,2022, compared to the corresponding period in 2020.2021. 
We applied the “annual effective tax rate approach” to determine the provision for income taxes, which applies an annual forecast of tax expense as a percentage of expected full year income, for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 2020.2021.
We generate an annual effective tax rate that is less than the statutory rate of 21% due to benefits resulting from tax-exempt interest, income from bank ownedbank-owned life insurance and tax benefits associated with low income housing tax credits, all of which are relatively consistent regardless of the level of pretax income. These provided for an annual effective tax rate of 19.4%19.5% and 17.9%19.4% for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 2020,2021, respectively.
As of March 31, 2021,2022, our deferred tax assets totaled $21.1$41.4 million. Based on our evaluation, we determined that it is more likely than not that all of these assets will be realized. As a result, a valuation allowance against these assets was not recorded. In evaluating the need for a valuation allowance, we estimate future taxable income based on management approved forecasts, evaluation of historical earning levels and consideration of potential tax strategies. If future events differ from our current forecasts, we may need to establish a valuation allowance, which could have a material impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
Liquidity
Liquidity refers to our ability to meet the cash flow requirements of depositors and borrowers as well as our operating cash needs with cost-effective funding. We generate funds to meet these needs primarily through the core deposit base of First Commonwealth Bank and the maturity or repayment of loans and other interest-earning assets, including investments. During the first three months of 2021,2022, the maturity and redemption of investment securities provided $235.9$78.9 million in liquidity. These funds contributed to the liquidity used to originate loans and purchase investment securities and fund depositor withdrawals.
57

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


We also have available unused wholesale sources of liquidity, including overnight federal funds and repurchase agreements, advances from the FHLB of Pittsburgh, borrowings through the discount window at the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland (“FRB”) and access to certificates of deposit through brokers.
We participate in the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Services (“CDARS”) program as part of an Asset/Liability Committee (“ALCO”) strategy to increase and diversify funding sources. As of March 31, 2021,2022, our maximum borrowing capacity under this program was $0.9$1.4 billion, and as of that date there was $7.5$5.8 million outstanding with an average weighted rate of 0.39%0.55% and an average original term of 303341 days. These deposits are part of a reciprocal program whichthat allows our depositors to receive expanded FDIC coverage by placing multiple certificates of deposit at other CDARS member banks.
An additional source of liquidity is the FRB Borrower-in-Custody of Collateral program, which enables us to pledge certain loans that are not being used as collateral at the FHLB as collateral for borrowings at the FRB. At March 31, 2021,2022, the borrowing capacity under this program totaled $861.5 million$1.1 billion and there was no balance outstanding. As of March 31, 2021,2022, our maximum borrowing capacity at the FHLB of Pittsburgh was $1.8 billion and as of that date amounts used against this capacity included $56.1$5.4 million in outstanding borrowings and no outstanding letters of credit.
We also have available unused federal funds lines with fivefour correspondent banks. These lines have an aggregate commitment of $180.0$160.0 million with no outstanding balance as of March 31, 2021.2022. In addition, we have available unused repo lines with threetwo correspondent banks. These lines have an aggregate commitment of $584.8$400.0 million with no outstanding balance as of March 31, 2021.2022.
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation has an unsecured $20.0 million line of credit with another financial institution. As of March 31, 2021,2022, there are no amounts outstanding on this line.
55

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


First Commonwealth’s long-term liquidity source is its core deposit base. Core deposits are the most stable source of liquidity a bank can have due to the long-term relationship with a deposit customer. The following table shows a breakdown of the components of First Commonwealth’s deposits: 
March 31, 2021December 31, 2020March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands)
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits(a)
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits(a)
$2,616,303 $2,319,958 
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits(a)
$2,719,645 $2,658,782 
Interest-bearing demand deposits(a)
Interest-bearing demand deposits(a)
267,571 250,353 
Interest-bearing demand deposits(a)
305,623 291,476 
Savings deposits(a)
Savings deposits(a)
4,501,456 4,305,391 
Savings deposits(a)
4,782,445 4,647,197 
Time depositsTime deposits483,926 562,964 Time deposits364,134 385,043 
TotalTotal$7,869,256 $7,438,666 Total$8,171,847 $7,982,498 
(a)Balances include reallocations from noninterest-bearing demand deposits and interest-bearing demand deposits into savings deposits, which were made for regulatory purposes.
The level of deposits during any period is influenced by factors outside of management’s control, such as the level of short-term and long-term market interest rates and yields offered on competing investments, such as money market mutual funds.
During the first three months of 2021,2022, total deposits increased $430.6$189.3 million. Interest-bearing demand and savings deposits increased $213.3$149.4 million, noninterest-bearing demand deposits increased $296.3$60.9 million and time deposits decreased $79.0$20.9 million. The deposit increase is a result of elevated customer deposit balances from PPP loan proceeds and the deposit of Federal stimulus checks into our customers' deposit accounts.
Market Risk
The following gap analysis compares the difference between the amount of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities subject to repricing over a period of time. The ratio of rate-sensitive assets to rate-sensitive liabilities repricing within a one-year period was 0.500.81 and 0.510.84 at March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020,2021, respectively. A ratio of less than one indicates a higher level of repricing liabilities over repricing assets over the next twelve months. The level of First Commonwealth's ratio is largely driven by the modeling of interest-bearing non-maturity deposits, which are included in the analysis as repricing within one year.
Gap analysis has limitations due to the static nature of the model that holds volumes and consumer behaviors constant in all economic and interest rate scenarios. A lower level of rate sensitive assets to rate sensitive liabilities repricing in one year could indicate reduced net interest income in a rising interest rate scenario, and conversely, increased net interest income in a declining interest rate scenario. However, the gap analysis incorporates only the level of interest-earning assets and interest-bearinginterest-
58

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


bearing liabilities and not the sensitivity each has to changes in interest rates. The impact of the sensitivity to changes in interest rates is provided in the table below the gap analysis.

The following is the gap analysis as of March 31, 20212022 and December 31, 2020:2021: 
 March 31, 2021
 0-90 Days91-180
Days
181-365
Days
Cumulative
0-365 Days
Over 1 Year
Through 5
Years
Over 5
Years
 (dollars in thousands)
Loans$570,814 $455,463 $950,072 $1,976,349 $3,736,936 $971,342 
Investments90,621 66,604 132,044 289,269 633,644 482,407 
Other interest-earning assets420,645 — — 420,645 — — 
Total interest-sensitive assets (ISA)1,082,080 522,067 1,082,116 2,686,263 4,370,580 1,453,749 
Certificates of deposit142,329 87,277 122,419 352,025 129,795 1,998 
Other deposits4,769,027 — — 4,769,027 — — 
Borrowings233,034 105 210 233,349 1,682 103,986 
Total interest-sensitive liabilities (ISL)5,144,390 87,382 122,629 5,354,401 131,477 105,984 
Gap$(4,062,310)$434,685 $959,487 $(2,668,138)$4,239,103 $1,347,765 
ISA/ISL0.21 5.97 8.82 0.50 33.24 13.72 
Gap/Total assets43.14 %4.62 %10.19 %28.33 %45.02 %14.31 %
56

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
 March 31, 2022
 0-90 Days91-180
Days
181-365
Days
Cumulative
0-365 Days
Over 1 Year
Through 5
Years
Over 5
Years
 (dollars in thousands)
Loans and leases$2,992,947 $299,339 $558,586 $3,850,872 $2,210,550 $812,022 
Investments60,056 43,525 86,785 190,366 550,110 758,722 
Other interest-earning assets404,516 — — 404,516 — — 
Total interest-sensitive assets (ISA)3,457,519 342,864 645,371 4,445,754 2,760,660 1,570,744 
Certificates of deposit96,518 69,072 93,274 258,864 104,226 1,194 
Other deposits5,088,068 — — 5,088,068 — — 
Borrowings168,116 201 401 168,718 53,211 51,383 
Total interest-sensitive liabilities (ISL)5,352,702 69,273 93,675 5,515,650 157,437 52,577 
Gap$(1,895,183)$273,591 $551,696 $(1,069,896)$2,603,223 $1,518,167 
ISA/ISL0.65 4.95 6.89 0.81 17.54 29.88 
Gap/Total assets19.66 %2.84 %5.72 %11.10 %27.00 %15.75 %



December 31, 2020 December 31, 2021
0-90 Days91-180
Days
181-365
Days
Cumulative
0-365 Days
Over 1 Year
Through 5
Years
Over 5
Years
0-90 Days91-180
Days
181-365
Days
Cumulative
0-365 Days
Over 1 Year
Through 5
Years
Over 5
Years
(dollars in thousands) (dollars in thousands)
LoansLoans$596,292 $495,759 $942,174 $2,034,225 $3,424,936 $1,270,694 Loans$2,910,172 $394,048 $606,468 $3,910,688 $2,296,873 $555,022 
InvestmentsInvestments109,706 82,052 158,357 350,115 495,013 150,976 Investments98,969 82,267 154,316 335,552 725,576 516,766 
Other interest-earning assetsOther interest-earning assets256,572 — — 256,572 — — Other interest-earning assets310,629 — — 310,629 — — 
Total interest-sensitive assets (ISA)Total interest-sensitive assets (ISA)962,570 577,811 1,100,531 2,640,912 3,919,949 1,421,670 Total interest-sensitive assets (ISA)3,319,770 476,315 760,784 4,556,869 3,022,449 1,071,788 
Certificates of depositCertificates of deposit163,340 120,458 135,285 419,083 141,577 2,153 Certificates of deposit97,269 72,453 106,243 275,965 107,795 1,232 
Other depositsOther deposits4,555,744 — — 4,555,744 — — Other deposits4,938,673 — — 4,938,673 — — 
BorrowingsBorrowings189,645 50,105 209 239,959 1,673 104,166 Borrowings210,682 200 400 211,282 53,197 51,577 
Total interest-sensitive liabilities (ISL)Total interest-sensitive liabilities (ISL)4,908,729 170,563 135,494 5,214,786 143,250 106,319 Total interest-sensitive liabilities (ISL)5,246,624 72,653 106,643 5,425,920 160,992 52,809 
GapGap$(3,946,159)$407,248 $965,037 $(2,573,874)$3,776,699 $1,315,351 Gap$(1,926,854)$403,662 $654,141 $(869,051)$2,861,457 $1,018,979 
ISA/ISLISA/ISL0.20 3.39 8.12 0.51 27.36 13.37 ISA/ISL0.63 6.56 7.13 0.84 18.77 20.30 
Gap/Total assetsGap/Total assets43.52 %4.49 %10.64 %28.38 %41.65 %14.51 %Gap/Total assets20.19 %4.23 %6.85 %9.10 %29.98 %10.68 %

The following table presents an analysis of the potential sensitivity of our annual net interest income to gradual changes in interest rates over a 12-month time frame as compared with net interest income if rates remained unchanged and there are no changes in balance sheet categories.
 Net interest income change (12 months) for basis point movements of:
 -200-100+100+200
 (dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2022 ($)$(8,703)$(4,632)$5,772 $9,861 
March 31, 2022 (%)(2.97)%(1.58)%1.97 %3.36 %
December 31, 2021 ($)$(9,008)$(4,976)$5,956 $10,224 
December 31, 2021 (%)(3.25)%(1.79)%2.15 %3.69 %
 Net interest income change (12 months) for basis point movements of:
 -200-100+100+200
 (dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2021 ($)$(6,890)$(3,667)$2,792 $5,299 
March 31, 2021 (%)(2.50)%(1.33)%1.01 %1.92 %
December 31, 2020 ($)$(4,911)$(2,621)$3,340 $6,229 
December 31, 2020 (%)(1.79)%(0.95)%1.22 %2.27 %
59

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The following table represents the potential sensitivity of our annual net interest income to immediate changes in interest rates versus if rates remained unchanged and there are no changes in balance sheet categories.
 Net interest income change (12 months) for basis point movements of:
 -200-100+100+200
 (dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2021 ($)$(20,683)$(13,336)$8,557 $16,713 
March 31, 2021 (%)(7.51)%(4.84)%3.11 %6.06 %
December 31, 2020 ($)$(13,807)$(9,175)$9,921 $18,408 
December 31, 2020 (%)(5.03)%(3.34)%3.61 %6.70 %
 Net interest income change (12 months) for basis point movements of:
 -200-100+100+200
 (dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2022 ($)$(26,610)$(13,796)$14,056 $29,773 
March 31, 2022 (%)(9.07)%(4.70)%4.79 %10.15 %
December 31, 2021 ($)$(26,120)$(17,640)$13,867 $29,192 
December 31, 2021 (%)(9.42)%(6.36)%5.00 %10.53 %
The analysis and model used to quantify the sensitivity of our net interest income becomes less meaningful in a decreasing 200 basis point scenario given the current interest rate environment. Results of the 100 and 200 basis point interest rate decline scenario are affected by the fact that many of our interest-bearing liabilities are at rates below 1%, with an assumed floor of zero in the model. In the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 2020,2021, the cost of our interest-bearing liabilities averaged 0.34%0.22% and 0.85%0.34%, respectively, and the yield on our average interest-earning assets, on a fully taxable equivalent basis, averaged 3.63%3.33% and 4.27%3.63%, respectively.
Asset/liability models require that certain assumptions be made, such as prepayment rates on earning assets and the impact of pricing on non-maturity deposits, which may differ from actual experience. These business assumptions are based upon our
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ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


experience, business plans and published industry experience. While management believes such assumptions to be reasonable, there can be no assurance that modeled results will approximate actual results.
Credit Risk
First Commonwealth maintains an allowance for credit losses at a level deemed sufficient for losses inherent in the loan and lease portfolio at the date of each statement of financial condition. Management reviews the appropriateness of the allowance on a quarterly basis to ensure that the provision for credit losses has been charged against earnings in an amount necessary to maintain the allowance at a level that is appropriate based on management’s assessment of probable estimated losses.
First Commonwealth’s methodology for assessing the appropriateness of the allowance for credit losses consists of several key elements. These elements include an assessment of individual nonperforming loans with a balance greater than $250 thousand, loss experience trends and other relevant factors.
First Commonwealth also maintains a reserve for unfunded loan commitments and letters of credit based upon credit risk and probability of funding. The reserve totaled $4.3$8.6 million at March 31, 20212022 and is classified in "Other liabilities" on the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition.
Nonperforming loans include nonaccrual loans and loans classified as troubled debt restructurings. Nonaccrual loans represent loans on which interest accruals have been discontinued. Troubled debt restructured loans are those loans whose terms have been renegotiated to provide a reduction or deferral of principal or interest as a result of the deteriorating financial position of the borrower, who could not obtain comparable terms from alternative financing sources. In the first three months of 2021, seven2022, two loans totaling $6.6$0.1 million were identified as troubled debt restructurings.
The balance of troubled debt restructured loans increased $4.1decreased $3.3 million from December 31, 2020.2021. Changes during the first three months of 20212022 can be attributed to new restructurings in conjunction with bankruptcy, including a $6.3 million commercial relationship, offset by payments received on existingthe pay off and paydown of troubled debt restructured loans, including the payoff of $1.7 million of two commercial loan relationship.loans. Please refer to Note 7 “Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses,” for additional information on troubled debt restructurings.

In March 2020, the Company began offering short-term loan modifications to assist borrowers during the COVID-19 national emergency. These modifications typically provide for the deferral of both principal and interest for 90 days. The CARES Act, along with a joint agency statement issued by banking regulators, provides that modifications meeting certain criteria made in response to COVID-19 do not need to be accounted for as a TDR. As of March 31, 2021, loan customers with an aggregate principal balance of $136.6 million were still in a payment deferral period. It is possible that some of these deferrals will be extended in order to provide support for certain COVID-19 impacted customers.

We discontinue interest accruals on a loan when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to fully collect principal or interest due according to the contractual terms of the loan. A loan is also placed on nonaccrual status when, based on regulatory definitions, the loan is maintained on a “cash basis” due to the weakened financial condition of the borrower. Generally, loans 90 days or more past due are placed on nonaccrual status, except for consumer loans, which are placed on nonaccrual status at 150 days past due.
Nonperforming loans are closely monitored on an ongoing basis as part of our loan review and work-out process. The probable risk of loss on these loans is evaluated by comparing the loan balance to the fair value of any underlying collateral or the present value of projected future cash flows. Losses or a specifically assigned allowance for loan losses are recognized where appropriate.
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ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


Nonperforming loans, including loans held for sale, decreased $3.7$17.7 million to $50.4$37.5 million at March 31, 20212022 compared to $54.1$55.2 million at December 31, 2020.2021. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, $7.42022, a $14.5 million commercial real estate loan was removed from nonaccrual status and subsequent to March 31, 2022 the loan was paid off in full. During the same period $0.7 million of loans were moved to nonaccrual including the transfer of one commercial real estate relationships totaling $6.3 million. Offsetting these additions was a sale of a $5.0 million commercial real estate relationship, a $1.0 million payoff of a commercial, financial, agriculture and other relationship, a $0.8 million payoff of a commercial real estate relationship and a $1.4 million charge-off of a commercial real estate relationship.nonaccrual.
The allowance for credit losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans was 192.06%243.38% as of March 31, 2021,2022, compared to 187.43%167.67% at December 31, 2020,2021, and 133.71%192.06% at March 31, 2020.2021. The amount of specific reserves included in the allowance for nonperforming loans was determined by using fair values obtained from current appraisals and updated discounted cash flow analyses. The allowance for credit losses includes specific reserves of $3.1$0.4 million and general reserves of $93.7$90.8 million as of March 31, 2021.2022. Specific reserves decreased $1.8 million$44 thousand from December 31, 2020,2021, and $6.7$2.8 million from March 31, 2020.
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ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


2021. The decrease from both periods is primarily due to the charge-off and payoffs of relationships with specific reserves assigned. Management believes that the allowance for credit losses is at a level deemed sufficient to absorb losses inherent in the loan portfolio at March 31, 2021.2022.
Criticized loans totaled $272.1$174.1 million at March 31, 20212022 and represented 4.0%3% of the loan portfolio. The level of criticized loans decreased as of March 31, 20212022 when compared to December 31, 2020,2021, by $30.7$24.1 million, or 10.1%12%. Classified loans totaled $72.0$75.3 million at March 31, 20212022 compared to $76.2$77.6 million at December 31, 2020,2021, a decrease of $4.2$2.3 million, or 5%3%. The decrease in criticized loans is the result of the aforementioned changes in nonperforming loans as well as credit upgrades on borrowers primarily in the hospitality sector. Delinquency on accruing loans for the same period decreased $4.2increased $14.1 million, or 35%134%, as a result of the majority of which are residentialcommercial real estate loan that was moved out of a nonaccrual status being 30 days delinquent at March 31, 2022. At March 31, 2022, this loan was well secured and consumer loans.in the process of collection and subsequent to March 31, 2022, this loan paid off in full.
The allowance for credit losses was $96.8$91.2 million at March 31, 2021,2022, or 1.44%1.31% of total loans outstanding, compared to 1.50%1.35% reported at December 31, 2020,2021, and 1.25%1.44% at March 31, 2020.2021. General reserves, or the portion of the allowance related to loans that were not specifically evaluated, for impairment, as a percentage of performing loans were 1.31% at March 31, 2022 compared to 1.36% at December 31, 2021 and 1.40% at March 31, 2021 compared to 1.43% at December 31, 2020 and 1.11% at March 31, 2020.2021. The decrease in the general reserve from December 31, 2020 is2021 and March 31, 2021 are reflective of lower unemployment rates utilized to forecast future loan losses at March 31, 2021. The increase in general reserves from March 31, 2020 can be attributed to the adoption2022.
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ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of CECL.Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The following table provides information related to nonperforming assets, the allowance for credit losses and other credit-related measures:measurements:
March 31, December 31, 2020  March 31, December 31, 2021 
2021 2020  2022 2021 
(dollars in thousands)  (dollars in thousands) 
Nonperforming Loans:Nonperforming Loans:Nonperforming Loans:
Loans on nonaccrual basisLoans on nonaccrual basis$23,056   $46,109 $30,801   Loans on nonaccrual basis$20,490   $23,056 $34,926   
Troubled debt restructured loans on nonaccrual basisTroubled debt restructured loans on nonaccrual basis20,628   5,522   14,740   Troubled debt restructured loans on nonaccrual basis10,090   20,628   13,134   
Troubled debt restructured loans on accrual basisTroubled debt restructured loans on accrual basis6,697   7,509   8,512   Troubled debt restructured loans on accrual basis6,887   6,697   7,120   
Total nonperforming loansTotal nonperforming loans$50,381   $59,140   $54,053   Total nonperforming loans$37,467   $50,381   $55,180   
Loans past due 30 to 90 days and still accruingLoans past due 30 to 90 days and still accruing$6,837 $10,683 $10,638 Loans past due 30 to 90 days and still accruing$22,692 $6,837 $8,911 
Loans past due in excess of 90 days and still accruingLoans past due in excess of 90 days and still accruing$1,079   $1,427   $1,523   Loans past due in excess of 90 days and still accruing$1,921   $1,079   $1,606   
Other real estate ownedOther real estate owned$916   $2,697   $1,215   Other real estate owned$667   $916   $642   
Loans held for sale at end of periodLoans held for sale at end of period$20,604 $25,783 $33,436 Loans held for sale at end of period$10,506 $20,604 $18,583 
Portfolio loans outstanding at end of period$6,736,894   $6,313,944 $6,761,183   
Average loans outstanding$6,781,451 (a) $6,255,825 (a) $6,737,339 (b) 
Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans0.75 %0.93 %0.80 %
Provision for credit losses$(1,276)(a) $30,967 (a) $53,472 (b) 
Portfolio loans and leases outstanding at end of periodPortfolio loans and leases outstanding at end of period$6,952,112   $6,736,894 $6,839,230   
Average loans and leases outstandingAverage loans and leases outstanding$6,893,628 (a) $6,781,451 (a) $6,777,192 (b) 
Nonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans and leasesNonperforming loans as a percentage of total loans and leases0.54 %0.75 %0.81 %
Provision for credit losses on loans and leasesProvision for credit losses on loans and leases$(200)(a) $(1,276)(a) $(377)(b) 
Allowance for credit lossesAllowance for credit losses$96,763   $79,075   $101,309   Allowance for credit losses$91,188   $96,763   $92,522   
Net charge-offsNet charge-offs$3,270 (a) $3,529 (a) $17,193 (b) Net charge-offs$1,134 (a) $3,270 (a) $8,410 (b) 
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans outstanding (annualized)0.20 %0.23 %0.26 %
Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans and leases outstanding (annualized)Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans and leases outstanding (annualized)0.07 %0.20 %0.12 %
Provision for credit losses as a percentage of net charge-offsProvision for credit losses as a percentage of net charge-offs(39.02)%(a) 877.50 %(a) 311.01 %(b) Provision for credit losses as a percentage of net charge-offs(17.64)%(a) (39.02)%(a) (4.48)%(b) 
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of end-of-period loans outstanding (c)1.44 %1.25 %1.50 %
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of end-of-period loans outstanding, excluding PPP loans (c)1.55 %1.25 %1.61 %
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of end-of-period loans and leases outstanding (c)Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of end-of-period loans and leases outstanding (c)1.31 %1.44 %1.35 %
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of end-of-period loans and leases outstanding, excluding PPP loans (c)Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of end-of-period loans and leases outstanding, excluding PPP loans (c)1.32 %1.55 %1.37 %
Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans (d)Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans (d)192.06 %133.71 %187.43 %Allowance for credit losses as a percentage of nonperforming loans (d)243.38 %192.06 %167.67 %
(a)For the three-month period ended.
(b)For the twelve-month period ended.
(c)Does not include loans held for sale.
(d)Does not include nonperforming loans held for sale.
The following tables show the outstanding balances of our loan and lease portfolio and the breakdown of net charge-offs and nonperforming loans, excluding loans held for sale, by loan type as of and for the periods presented:
 March 31, 2022December 31, 2021
 Amount%Amount%
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$1,123,690 16 %$1,173,452 17 %
Real estate construction398,988 494,456 
Residential real estate2,006,221 29 1,920,250 28 
Commercial real estate2,344,281 34 2,251,097 33 
Loans to individuals1,078,932 15 999,975 15 
Total loans and leases, net of unearned income$6,952,112 100 %$6,839,230 100 %
During the three months ended March 31, 2022, loans increased $112.9 million, or 1.7%, compared to balances outstanding at December 31, 2021.
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other loans decreased $49.8 million as the result of a $42.4 million decline in PPP loans.
Real estate construction loans decreased $95.5 million, or 19.3%, primarily due to the completion of commercial real estate construction projects. Residential real estate grew $86.0 million, or 4.5%, primarily due to originations of closed-end 1-4
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ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The following tables show the outstanding balances of our loan portfolio and the breakdown of net charge-offs and nonperforming loans, excluding loans held for sale, by loan type as of and for the periods presented:
 March 31, 2021December 31, 2020
 Amount%Amount%
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$1,555,671 23 %$1,555,986 23 %
Real estate construction404,580 427,221 
Residential real estate1,756,615 26 1,750,592 26 
Commercial real estate2,167,506 32 2,211,569 33 
Loans to individuals852,522 13 815,815 12 
Total loans and leases net of unearned income$6,736,894 100 %$6,761,183 100 %
During the three months ended March 31, 2021, loans decreased $24.3 million, or 0.4%, compared to balances outstanding at December 31, 2020.
Real estate construction loans decreased $22.6 million, or 5.3%, primarily due to the completion of both commercial and residential real estate construction. Residential real estate grew $6.0 million, or 0.3%, primarily due to originations of closed-end 1-4 family mortgage loans. Commercial real estate loans decreased $44.1increased $93.2 million, or 2.0%4.1%, primarily due to payoffsgrowth in multifamily and less new volume.nonresidential property due in part to the completion of several construction projects. Loans to individuals increased $36.7$79.0 million, or 4.5%7.9%, as a result ofprimarily due to growth in the indirect auto and recreational vehicle portfolio of $46.3 million offset by a decrease in other consumer loans of $9.4 million.portfolio.
As indicated in the table below, commercial real estate, and residential real estate and commercial, financial and agricultural and other loans represent a significant portion of the nonperforming loans as of March 31, 2021.2022. See discussions related to the provision for credit losses and loans for more information.
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021As of March 31, 2021
 Net
Charge-
offs
% of
Total Net
Charge-offs
Net Charge-
offs as a % of
Average
Loans (annualized)
Nonperforming
Loans
% of Total
Nonperforming
Loans
Nonperforming
Loans as a % of
Total Loans
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$479 14.65 %0.03 %$10,737 21.31 %0.16 %
Real estate construction— — — 54 0.11 — 
Residential real estate68 2.08 0.01 10,814 21.46 0.16 
Commercial real estate1,511 46.21 0.09 28,271 56.12 0.42 
Loans to individuals1,212 37.06 0.07 505 1.00 0.01 
Total loans, net of unearned income$3,270 100.00 %0.20 %$50,381 100.00 %0.75 %
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022As of March 31, 2022
 Net
Charge-
offs
% of
Total Net
Charge-offs
Net Charge-
offs as a % of
Average
Loans (annualized)
Nonperforming
Loans
% of Total
Nonperforming
Loans
Nonperforming
Loans as a % of
Total Loans
 (dollars in thousands)
Commercial, financial, agricultural and other$395 34.83 %0.02 %$4,049 10.81 %0.06 %
Real estate construction— — — — — — 
Residential real estate110 9.70 0.01 9,161 24.45 0.13 
Commercial real estate(14)(1.23)— 23,834 63.61 0.34 
Loans to individuals643 56.70 0.04 423 1.13 0.01 
Total loans and leases, net of unearned income$1,134 100.00 %0.07 %$37,467 100.00 %0.54 %
Net charge-offs for the three months ended March 31, 20212022 totaled $3.3$1.1 million, compared to $3.5$3.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.2021. The most significant charge-offs during the three months ended March 31, 20212022 included a $1.4$0.6 million charge-off related to a commercial real estate loan relationship, as well as $1.2 million in net charge-offs related to loans to individuals, primarily indirect auto loans and personal credit lines. See discussions related to the provision for credit losses and loans for more information.

Capital Resources
At March 31, 2021,2022, shareholders’ equity was $1.1 billion, an increasea decrease of $18.9$41.8 million from December 31, 2020.2021. The increasedecrease was primarily the result of $39.8a $59.4 million in net income, $2.3 million in treasury stock sales and an increase of $11.0 milliondecline in the fair value of available for sale investments.investments and interest rate swaps which are reflected in the Other Comprehensive Income component of capital. Other items impacting capital include increases of $27.7 million in net income and $2.2 million in treasury stock sales. These increases were partially offset by $10.6$10.8 million of dividends paid to shareholders and $1.6$1.5 million of common stock repurchases. Cash dividends declared per common share were $0.11$0.115 for each of the three months ended March 31, 20212022 and 2020.$0.11 for the three months ended March 31, 2021.
First Commonwealth and First Commonwealth Bank are subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on First Commonwealth’s financial
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ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, First Commonwealth and First Commonwealth Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of First Commonwealth’s assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. First Commonwealth’s capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weighting and other factors.
Effective January 1, 2015, the Company became subject to the new regulatory risk-based capital rules adopted by the federal banking agencies implementing Basel III. The most significant changes included higher minimum capital requirements, as the minimum Tier I capital ratio increased from 4.0% to 6.0% and a new common equity Tier I capital ratio was established with a minimum level of 4.5%. Additionally, the rules improved the quality of capital by providing stricter eligibility criteria for regulatory capital instruments and provide for a phase-in, beginning January 1, 2016, of a capital conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets. This buffer, which was fully phased-in as of January 1, 2019, provides a requirement to hold common equity Tier 1 capital above the minimum risk-based capital requirements, resulting in an effective common equity Tier I risk-weighted asset minimum ratio of 7.0% on a fully phased-in basis.
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ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


The Basel III Rules also permit banking organizations with less than $15.0 billion in assets to retain, through a one-time election, the existing treatment for accumulated other comprehensive income, which currently does not affect regulatory capital. The Company elected to retain this treatment, which reduces the volatility of regulatory capital levels.
During the second quarter of 2018, First Commonwealth Bank, the Company's banking subsidiary, issued $100 million in subordinated debt, which under the regulatory rules qualifies as Tier II capital. This subordinated debt issuance increased the total risk-based capital ratio by 160 basis points.
As of March 31, 2021,2022, the Company had $478.5$28.9 million in PPP loans outstanding under the CARES Act. Because these loans are 100% guaranteed by the SBA, banking regulators confirmed that they have a zero percent risk weight under applicable risk-based capital rules. Additionally, a bank may exclude all PPP loans pledged as collateral to the Federal Reserve's PPP Facility from average total assets when calculating its leverage ratio, while PPP loans that are not pledged as collateral to the PPP Facility will be included. The PPP loans originated by the Company are included in our leverage ratio as of March 31, 2021,2022, as we did not utilize the PPP Facility.
As of March 31, 2021,2022, First Commonwealth and First Commonwealth Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject and were considered well-capitalized under the regulatory rules, all on a fully phased-in basis. To be considered well capitalized, the Company must maintain minimum Total risk-based capital, Tier I risk-based capital, Tier I leverage ratio and Common equity tier I risk-based capital as set forth in the table below:
 ActualMinimum Capital RequiredRequired to be Considered Well Capitalized
 Capital
Amount
RatioCapital
Amount
RatioCapital
Amount
Ratio
 (dollars in thousands)
Total Capital to Risk Weighted Assets
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation$1,035,304 15.27 %$711,846 10.50 %$677,948 10.00 %
First Commonwealth Bank990,442 14.64 710,385 10.50 676,557 10.00 
Tier I Capital to Risk Weighted Assets
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation$857,066 12.64 %$576,256 8.50 %$542,359 8.00 %
First Commonwealth Bank812,204 12.00 575,073 8.50 541,246 8.00 
Tier I Capital to Average Assets
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation$857,066 9.72 %$352,539 4.00 %$440,674 5.00 %
First Commonwealth Bank812,204 9.23 351,904 4.00 439,880 5.00 
Common Equity Tier I to Risk Weighted Assets
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation$787,066 11.61 %$474,564 7.00 %$440,666 6.50 %
First Commonwealth Bank812,204 12.00 473,590 7.00 439,762 6.50 
 ActualMinimum Capital RequiredRequired to be Considered Well Capitalized
 Capital
Amount
RatioCapital
Amount
RatioCapital
Amount
Ratio
 (dollars in thousands)
Total Capital to Risk Weighted Assets
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation$1,092,245 14.74 %$777,861 10.50 %$740,820 10.00 %
First Commonwealth Bank1,034,163 13.99 776,378 10.50 739,407 10.00 
Tier I Capital to Risk Weighted Assets
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation$907,130 12.24 %$629,697 8.50 %$592,656 8.00 %
First Commonwealth Bank849,048 11.48 628,496 8.50 591,526 8.00 
Tier I Capital to Average Assets
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation$907,130 9.81 %$369,827 4.00 %$462,283 5.00 %
First Commonwealth Bank849,048 9.20 369,148 4.00 461,435 5.00 
Common Equity Tier I to Risk Weighted Assets
First Commonwealth Financial Corporation$837,130 11.30 %$518,574 7.00 %$481,533 6.50 %
First Commonwealth Bank849,048 11.48 517,585 7.00 480,615 6.50 
On April 27, 2021,26, 2022, First Commonwealth Financial Corporation declared a quarterly dividend of $0.115$0.12 per share payable on May 21, 202120, 2022 to shareholders of record as of May 7, 2021.6, 2022. The timing and amount of future dividends are at the discretion of First Commonwealth's Board of Directors based upon, among other factors, capital levels, asset quality, liquidity and current and projected earnings.
In JanuaryNovember 2021, a share repurchase program was authorized by the Board of Directors for up to an additional $25.0 million in shares of the Company's common stock. As of March 31, 2021, 28,0122022, 937,670 common shares werehad been repurchased under this program at an average price of $13.99$15.39 per share.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2020, FASB released Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-04 - Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), which provides optional guidance to ease the accounting burden in accounting for, or recognizing the effects from, reference rate reform on financial reporting. The new standard is a result of the potential discontinuance of the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") as an available benchmark rate. The standard is elective and provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, or other transactions that reference LIBOR, or another reference rate expected to be discontinued. The amendments in the update are effective for all entities between March 12, 2020 and December 31, 2022. The Company has established a cross-functional working group to manage the Company’s transition from LIBOR. Products that utilize LIBOR have been identified and have incorporated enhanced language to accommodate the transition to alternative reference rates and the use of LIBOR has been discontinued as an index for new loans. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of the LIBOR transition and adopting the new standard.
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ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Continued)
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES


New Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2020,2022, FASB released Accounting Standards UpdateASU 2022-02 – “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326), Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures” (“ASU”ASU 2022-02”). ASU 2022-22 eliminates the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) 2020-04 - Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848), which
provides optionalwhile expanding modification and vintage disclosure requirements. Under the previous guidance a TDR occurs when a loan to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty is restructured with a concession provided that a creditor would not otherwise consider. ASU 2022-02 removes the TDR accounting model, instead requiring modifications to apply existing refinancing and restructuring guidance to easedetermine if the accounting burdenmodification results in accounting for,a new loan or recognizing the effects from, reference rate
reform on financial reporting. The new standard is a resultcontinuation of the potential discontinuanceexisting one. The update also requires additional disclosures on the nature, magnitude and subsequent performance of certain types of modifications with borrowers experiencing financial difficulties. ASU 2022-02 further includes a requirement to disclose gross charge-offs incurred by year of origination of the London Interbank Offered Rate
("LIBOR") as an available benchmark rate. The standardrelated loan or lease. ASU 2022-02 is elective and provides optional expedients and exceptions for
applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, or other transactions that reference LIBOR, or another reference rate
expected to be discontinued. The amendments in the update are effective for all entities between March 12, 2020 andthe Company for fiscal years beginning after December
31, 2022. The Company has established a cross-functional working group to manage the Company’s transition from LIBOR.
Products that utilize LIBOR have been identified and have incorporated enhanced language to accommodate the transition to
alternative reference rates. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of adopting the new standard and at this time does
15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. ASU 2022-02 is not expect itexpected to have a material impact on itsthe Company's consolidated financial statements.



statements, but will result in additional disclosure requirements.
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ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Information appearing in Item 2 of this report under the caption “Market Risk” is incorporated by reference in response to this item.
ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures
We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report pursuant to Rule 13a-15 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in applicable rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

 
ITEM 1.     LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The information required by this item is set forth in Part I, Item 1, Note 5, "Commitments and Contingent Liabilities," which is incorporated herein by reference in response to this item.

ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS
There have been no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed under Part I, Item 1A of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020.2021.


ITEM 2.    UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
    
    On January 25, 2021, a share repurchase program was authorized for up to $25.0 million in shares of the Company's common stock. The following table details the amount of shares repurchased under this program in the first quarter of 2021:

Month Ending:Total Number of
Shares
Purchased
Average Price
Paid per Share
(or Unit)
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
as Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs
Maximum Number
of Shares that
May Yet Be
Purchased Under
the Plans or
Programs*
January 31, 2021— — — 2,131,287 
February 28, 2021— — — 1,864,280 
March 31, 202128,012 13.99 28,012 1,712,460 
Total28,012 $13.99 28,012 
* Remaining number of shares approved under the Plan is based on the market value of the Company's common stock of $11.73 at January 31, 2021, $13.41 at February 28, 2021 and $14.37 at March 31, 2021.

None

ITEM 3.    DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
    None

ITEM 4.    MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
    Not applicable

ITEM 5.    OTHER INFORMATION
    None
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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
ITEM 6.     EXHIBITS
Exhibit
Number
  Description  Incorporated by Reference to
Filed herewith
Filed herewith
    Filed herewith
    Filed herewith
    Filed herewith
    Filed herewith
101  The following materials from First Commonwealth Financial Corporation’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) the Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements. Note that XBRL tags are embedded within the document.
  Filed herewith

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
FIRST COMMONWEALTH FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Registrant)
DATED: May 7, 20219, 2022 /s/ T. Michael Price
 
T. Michael Price
President and Chief Executive Officer
DATED: May 7, 20219, 2022 /s/ James R. Reske
 James R. Reske
Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

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