UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
þQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended December 31, 20182019
or
oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ________ to ________
Commission File Number: 1-11373
cvrpic63016a01a02a10.jpg
Cardinal Health, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Ohio31-0958666
(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)
(IRS Employer

Identification No.)
  
7000 Cardinal Place,Dublin,Ohio43017
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
  
(614)757-5000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common shares (without par value)CAHNew York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yesþ    No  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yesþ    No  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filerþ
Accelerated filero
Non-accelerated filero
Smaller reporting companyo
 
Emerging growth companyo
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  o  No þ
The number of the registrant’s common shares, without par value, outstanding as of January 31, 2019,2020, was the following: 298,016,653.291,783,533.






Cardinal Health
Q2 Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q


Table of Contents
 
 Page


About Cardinal Health
 
Cardinal Health, Inc. is an Ohio corporation formed in 1979 and is a globally integrated healthcare services and products company providing customized solutions for hospitals, healthcare systems, pharmacies, ambulatory surgery centers, clinical laboratories and physician offices. We provide medical products and pharmaceuticals and cost-effective solutions that enhance supply chain efficiency. We connect patients, providers, payers, pharmacists and manufacturers for integrated care coordination and better patient management. We manage our business and report our financial results in two segments: Pharmaceutical and Medical. As used in this report, “we,” “our,” “us,” and similar pronouns refer to Cardinal Health, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless the context requires otherwise. Our fiscal year ends on June 30. References to fiscal 20182020 and fiscal 20172019 are to the fiscal years ending or ended June 30, 20182020 and June 30, 2017,2019, respectively.
Forward-Looking Statements
 
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 20182019 (this "Form 10-Q") (including information incorporated by reference) includes "forward-looking statements" addressing expectations, prospects, estimates and other matters that are dependent upon future events or developments. Many forward-looking statements appear in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A"), but there are others in this Form 10-Q, which may be identified by words such as "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "believe," "will," "should," "could," "would," "project," "continue," "likely," and similar expressions, and include statements reflecting future results, trends or guidance, statements of outlook and expense accruals. These matters are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those made, projected or implied. The most significant of these risks and uncertainties are described in Exhibit 99.1 to this Form 10-Q and in "Risk Factors" in this form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 20182019 (our “2018“2019 Form 10-K”). Forward-looking statements in this Form 10-Q speak only as of the date of this document. Except to the extent required by applicable law, we undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
 
In the "Overview of Consolidated Results" section of MD&A, we use financial measures that are derived from our consolidated financial data but are not presented in our condensed consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP"). These measures are considered "non-GAAP financial measures" under the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") rules. The reasons we use these non-GAAP financial measures and the reconciliations to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures are included in the “Explanation and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” section following MD&A in this Form 10-Q.




   
1
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
 





MD&AOverview 






Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The discussion and analysis presented below is concerned with material changes in financial condition and results of operations between the periods specified in our condensed consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 20182019 and June 30, 2018,2019, and in our condensed consolidated statements of earningsearnings/(loss) for the three and six months ended December 31, 20182019 and 2017.2018. All comparisons presented are with respect to the prior-year period, unless stated otherwise. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the MD&A included in our 20182019 Form 10-K.


Overview of Consolidated Results
Revenue
chart-f78d604ac0a55b22879.jpg
During the three and six months ended December 31, 2018, revenue increased 7 percent to $37.7 billion and 8 percent to $73.0 billion, respectively, primarily due to sales growth from pharmaceutical distribution and specialty pharmaceutical customers, partially offset by the February 2018 divestiture of our China distribution business.



   
 
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
2





MD&AOverview 


GAAP and Non-GAAP Operating EarningsOverview of Consolidated Results
Revenue
 
chart-3083ca6ca7de5858bd8.jpgchart-b5851213db39514d9ac.jpgchart-482220cd78845318873.jpg
During the three and six months ended December 31, 2019, revenue increased 5 percent to $39.7 billion and 6 percent to $77.1 billion, respectively, primarily due to sales growth from pharmaceutical distribution and specialty solutions customers.
GAAP and Non-GAAP Operating Earnings/(Loss)
 Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change
GAAP operating earnings$504
 $399
 26 % $1,320
 $661
 100 %
State opioid assessment related to prior fiscal years(29) 
   
 
  
Restructuring and employee severance12
 21
   44
 153
  
Amortization and other acquisition-related costs157
 184
   314
 368
  
Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets8
 68
   (503) 68
  
Litigation (recoveries)/charges, net(15) 58
   3
 90
  
Non-GAAP operating earnings$637
 $730
 (13)% $1,178
 $1,340
 (12)%

 Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
GAAP operating earnings/(loss)$334
 $504
 (34)% $(4,930) $1,320
 N.M
Surgical gown recall costs96
 
   96
 
  
State opioid assessment related to prior fiscal years(1) (29)   4
 
  
Restructuring and employee severance56
 12
   86
 44
  
Amortization and other acquisition-related costs133
 157
   265
 314
  
Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets7
 8
   8
 (503)  
Litigation (recoveries)/charges, net21
 (15)   5,694
 3
  
Non-GAAP operating earnings$646
 $637
 1 % $1,223
 $1,178
 4%
The sum of the components may not equal the total due to rounding.
The increase in GAAP operating earnings during the three months ended December 31, 2018 was primarily due to favorable changes2019 were unfavorably impacted by a $96 million charge in litigation recoveriesconnection with a voluntary recall for Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation ("AAMI") Level 3 surgical gowns and charges,a voluntary recall and field actions for surgical procedure packs containing affected gowns, as described further in the beneficial comparison to the prior-year write-downSignificant Developments in Fiscal 2020 and Trends section in this MD&A and Note 7 of the assets held for sale from the divestiture of our China distribution business and growth from our specialty pharmaceutical products distribution and services business. These positive factors were partially offset by the negative impact of our Pharmaceutical segment generics program performance.
The increase"Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements." Also contributing to the decrease in GAAP operating earnings during the three months ended were restructuring costs mainly as a result of certain enterprise-wide cost-saving initiatives and the adverse impact of Pharmaceutical segment customer contract renewals.
The decrease in GAAP operating earnings during the six months ended December 31, 20182019 was primarily due to a $5.63 billion pre-tax charge we recognized for the estimated liability associated with lawsuits and claims brought against us by states and political subdivisions relating to the distribution of prescription opioid pain medications. As described further in the Significant Developments in Fiscal 2020 and Trends section in this MD&A and Note 7 of the "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements", in October 2019, we agreed in principle to a global settlement framework with a leadership group of four state attorneys general that is designed to resolve all pending and future opioid lawsuits and claims by states and political subdivisions. GAAP operating earnings during the six months ended December 31, 2018 were favorably impacted by a $508 million pre-tax gain from the divestiture of our naviHealth Holdings, LLC ("naviHealth") business and the same factors impacting GAAPbusiness.
Non-GAAP operating earnings during the three months ended December 31, 2018. The beneficial comparisons to the prior-year $125 million of contract termination costs to transition the distribution of our Medical segment surgeon gloves in certain international markets from a third-party distribution arrangement to a direct distribution model and the prior-year fair value step-up of inventory acquired with the Patient Recovery Business also contributed to the increase in GAAP operating earnings during the six months ended December 31, 2018.
The decrease in non-GAAP operating earnings during the three months and six ended December 31, 2018 was primarily2019 were essentially flat due to the negative impactperformance of our Pharmaceutical segment generics program performance, increased costs related to Cardinal Health Brand products andoffset by the adverse impact of pharmaceuticalPharmaceutical segment customer contract renewals. These factors were partially offset by growth from our specialty pharmaceutical products distribution and services business and the beneficial comparison to the prior-year fair value step-up of inventory acquired with the Patient Recovery Business.




   
3
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
 





MD&AOverview 


The increase in non-GAAP operating earnings during the six months ended December 31, 2019 was primarily due to thebeneficial impact of enterprise-wide cost-savings measures, growth from specialty solutions and the performance of our Pharmaceutical segment generics program. These positive factors were partially offset by the adverse impact of Pharmaceutical segment customer contract renewals.
GAAP and Non-GAAP Diluted EPS
 
chart-5021e54a3fca5373a82.jpgchart-7c5dbdd46b0a5307883.jpg
Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,
($ per share)2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change
2019 (2)
 
2018 (2)
 Change 
2019 (2) (3)
 
2018 (2)
 Change
GAAP (1)
$0.93
 $3.33
 (72)% $2.88
 $3.68
 (22)%
GAAP diluted EPS (1)
$0.75
 $0.93
 (19)% $(15.99) $2.88
 N.M
Surgical gown recall costs0.24
 
   0.24
 
  
State opioid assessment related to prior fiscal years(0.07) 
   
 
  
 (0.07)   0.01
 
  
Restructuring and employee severance0.03
 0.07
   0.11
 0.34
  0.14
 0.03
   0.22
 0.11
  
Amortization and other acquisition-related costs0.40
 0.46
   0.79
 0.85
  0.34
 0.40
   0.67
 0.79
  
Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets0.02
 0.35
   (1.22) 0.35
  0.02
 0.02
   0.02
 (1.22)  
Litigation (recoveries)/charges, net(0.04) 0.13
   0.01
 0.19
  0.06
 (0.04)   17.66
 0.01
  
Loss on extinguishment of debt0.01
 
   0.01
 
  
Transitional tax benefit, net0.01
 (2.83)   0.01
 (2.82)  (0.04) 0.01
   (0.04) 0.01
  
Non-GAAP (1)
$1.29
 $1.51
 (15)% $2.58
 $2.60
 (1)%
Non-GAAP diluted EPS (1)
$1.52
 $1.29
 18 % $2.80
 $2.58
 9%
The sum of the components may not equal the total due to rounding.
(1)diluted earningsDiluted earnings/(loss) per share attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc. ("diluted EPS")
(2)The reconciling items are presented within this table net of tax. See quantification of tax effect of each reconciling item in our GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations in the "Explanation and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures."
(3)For the six months ended December 31, 2019, GAAP diluted loss per share attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc. ("GAAP diluted EPS") and the EPS impact from the GAAP to non-GAAP per share reconciling items are calculated using a weighted average of 294 million common shares, which excludes potentially dilutive securities from the denominator due to their anti-dilutive effects resulting from our GAAP net loss for the period. Year-to-date fiscal 2020 non-GAAP diluted EPS is calculated using a weighted average of 295 million common shares, which includes potentially dilutive shares.
During the three months ended December 31, 2019, GAAP diluted earnings per share attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc. ("GAAP diluted EPS") decreased primarily due to factors discussed above impacting GAAP operating earnings, partially offset by a lower effective tax rate due to favorable changes in jurisdictional mix and discrete tax items.
During the six months ended December 31, 2019, we had a $(15.99) GAAP diluted loss per share due to the charge we recognized for the estimated liability associated with lawsuits and claims brought against us by states and political subdivisions relating to the distribution of prescription opioid pain medications. The charge had a $(17.49) per share after tax impact on GAAP diluted EPS during the six months ended December 31, 2019. GAAP diluted EPS during the six months ended December 31, 2018 was favorably impacted by a $1.25 per share gain from the divestiture of naviHealth.
During the three months ended December 31, 2018, GAAP2019, non-GAAP diluted EPS decreasedincreased 18 percent to $1.52 per share. This increase was primarily due to transitionalthe factors discussed above impacting non-GAAP operating earnings, a lower effective tax benefits related to the enactment of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("Tax Act") in the prior year.
During the six months ended December 31, 2018, GAAP diluted EPS decreased primarilyrate due to transitional tax benefits related to the enactment of the Tax Actfavorable changes in the prior year, partially offset by the factors impacting GAAP operating earningsjurisdictional mix and the benefit from a lower share count as a result of share repurchases.
During the threesix months ended December 31, 2018,2019, non-GAAP diluted EPS decreasedincreased 9 percent to $2.80 per share. This increase was primarily due to the factors impacting non-GAAP operating earnings.
During the six months ended December 31, 2018, non-GAAP diluted EPS was down slightly. The factorsdiscussed above impacting non-GAAP operating earnings, were offset by the benefits from applying a lower federal tax rate to our U.S. pre-tax earnings under the Tax Act, discrete tax items and a lower share count as a result of share repurchases.repurchases and lower interest expense due to less debt outstanding. The year-over-year comparison was unfavorably impacted by the prior-year benefit from discrete tax items, largely related to international legal entity changes.
Cash and Equivalents
 
Our cash and equivalents balance was $2.2$1.7 billion at December 31, 20182019 compared to $1.8$2.5 billion at June 30, 2018. The increase in cash and equivalents during2019. During the six months ended December 31, 2018 was due to $737 million of2019, net cash proceeds from the sale of our naviHealth business and $736 million provided by operating activities offset in part by $600was $44 million paidand we deployed $793 million for long-term debt repayments, $350 million for share repurchases, and $293 $287 million paid infor cash dividends. At December 31, 2019, we had $458 million outstanding under our commercial paper program and $225 million outstanding under our committed receivables sales facility.











   
 
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
4





MD&AOverview 


Significant Developments in Fiscal 20192020 and Trends

Opioid Lawsuits Development
Divestitures
In October 2019, we agreed in principle to a global settlement framework with a leadership group of state attorneys general that is designed to resolve all pending and future opioid lawsuits and claims by states and political subdivisions (the "Settlement Framework"). This Settlement Framework is subject to contingencies and uncertainties as to final terms, but is the basis for our negotiation of definitive terms and documentation. The Settlement Framework includes (1) a cash component, pursuant to which we would pay up to $5.56 billion over eighteen years, (2) development and participation in a program for free or rebated distribution of opioid abuse treatment medications for a period of ten years, and (3) industry-wide changes to be specified to controlled substance anti-diversion programs. In order to continue working on the Settlement Framework, we also agreed, with two other national distributors, to a $215 million settlement with two plaintiffs counties of a trial that had been scheduled for October 2019; our portion of that settlement is $66 million, which was paid in January 2020.
In connection with these matters, we recorded a total pre-tax charge of $5.63 billion ($5.14 billion after tax) during the six months ended December 31, 2019 in litigation (recoveries)/charges, net, in the condensed consolidated statement of earnings for the cash component. We accrue for contingencies when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Because loss contingencies are inherently unpredictable and unfavorable developments or resolutions can occur, the assessment is highly subjective and requires judgments about future events. Final terms of a settlement under the Settlement Framework continue to be negotiated, and there is no assurance that the necessary parties will agree to a definitive settlement agreement or that the contingencies to any agreement will be satisfied. We will regularly review these opioid litigation matters to determine whether our accrual is adequate. We are unable to reasonably estimate the liability associated with any potential distribution of treatment medications and any incremental costs for changes to our controlled substance anti-diversion program that we may agree to under the Settlement Framework. The amount of ultimate loss may differ materially from this accrual. See Note 7 of the "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for additional information.
Also in connection with these matters, we recorded a tax benefit of $487 million, which is net of unrecognized tax benefits of $468 million, during the six months ended December 31, 2019, reflecting our current assessment of the estimated future deductibility of the amount that may be paid under the $5.63 billion accrual taken in connection with the opioid litigation. Tax benefits from uncertain tax positions are recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination of the technical merits of the position, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation. The amount recognized is measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement. For tax benefits that do not qualify for recognition, we recognize a liability for unrecognized tax benefits. Our assumptions and estimates around this benefit and uncertain tax position require significant judgment since the definitive settlement terms and documentation, including provisions related to deductibility, under the Settlement Framework have not been negotiated and the U.S. tax law governing deductibility was changed by the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”). We have made reasonable estimates and recorded amounts based on management's judgment and our current understanding of the Tax Act which is subject to further interpretation by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service ("IRS"). Further, it is possible that the tax authorities could challenge our interpretation of the Tax Act or the estimates and assumptions used to assess the future deductibility of these benefits. The actual amount of tax benefit related to uncertain tax positions may differ materially from these estimates. See Note 8 of the “Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements” for additional information.
Surgical Gown Recalls
 
In August 2018,January, 2020, we sold our 98 percent ownership interest in naviHealth in exchangeissued a voluntary recall for cash proceeds9.1 million AAMI Level 3 surgical gowns and two voluntary field actions (a recall of $737 millionsome packs and a 44 percent equity interestcorrective action allowing overlabeling of other packs) for 2.9 million Presource Procedure Packs containing affected gowns (together, the "Recalls"). These Recalls were necessary because we discovered in a partnershipDecember 2019 that owns 100 percentone of naviHealth. We also have certain call rightsour FDA-registered suppliers in China had shifted production of some gowns to reacquire naviHealth. We recognized a pre-tax gainunapproved sites with uncontrolled environments. Because of $508 million related to this, divestiture duringwe could not assure sterility of the sixgowns.
In connection with these Recalls, in the three months ended December 31, 2018.2019, we recorded a total charge of $96 million, of which $56 million is within cost of products sold and $40 million is within SG&A in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. This charge represents our best estimate of costs for the Recalls and include inventory write-off costs and certain remediation and supply disruption costs, such as costs to replace recalled products. Because loss contingencies are inherently unpredictable and unfavorable developments or resolutions can occur, the assessment is highly subjective and requires judgments about future events. The amount of ultimate loss may differ materially from this accrual. This charge, and any future increases or adjustments, will be excluded from our non-GAAP results and the results of our Medical segment. See Note 7 of the "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for additional information.





   
5
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
 




MD&AOverview

In addition to the charge for the three months ended December 31, 2019, we expect that the Recalls will have other negative impacts, which could include: government investigations and enforcement actions by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or other regulators or U.S. or international governmental bodies (possibly resulting in product seizures, additional recalls, the issuance of safety alerts, the suspension or revocation of the authority to produce, distribute and sell products and other civil or criminal sanctions); losses due to patient claims, including product liability claims and lawsuits; and customer claims unrelated to their direct costs from the supply chain disruption.
Additionally, these surgical gowns and procedure packs are used in surgeries throughout the United States and internationally. Due to quality standards, it is challenging to quickly establish additional or replacement suppliers. These Recalls are expected to result in sustained supply reductions and market shortages. We understand that, due to these supply shortages, surgeries have been delayed or canceled, and we expect that additional surgeries will be delayed or canceled over a period of several weeks or months. This and other aspects of the Recalls could result in reputational harm and loss of customers and sales.
Trends
Within our Pharmaceutical segment, segment profit increased during the six months ended December 31, 2019 compared to the prior-year period due, in part, to performance from our generics program, while for the past two fiscal years, Pharmaceutical segment profit had decreases compared to the prior year due, in part, to performance from our generics program. As is generally the case, the frequency, timing, magnitude and profit impact of generic pharmaceutical customer and manufacturer pricing changes remain uncertain and their impact on Pharmaceutical segment profit and consolidated operating earnings in fiscal 2020 could be more or less than we expect.





Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2020 Form 10-Q
6




MD&AResults of Operations 


Results of Operations
Revenue


chart-57a45dce4bae5b88b2c.jpgchart-0760f0909b0b515c92c.jpgchart-9236314201dd5b538cd.jpgchart-0c924314911e5b7b8bf.jpg
Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Pharmaceutical$33,740
 $31,146
 8 % $65,155
 $60,066
 8%$35,714
 $33,740
 6% $69,142
 $65,155
 6%
Medical4,006
 4,044
 (1)% 7,807
 7,768
 1%4,023
 4,006
 % 7,940
 7,807
 2%
Total segment revenue37,746
 35,190
 7 % 72,962
 67,834
 8%39,737
 37,746
 5% 77,082
 72,962
 6%
Corporate(6) (4) 50 % (9) (7) 29%(2) (6) N.M
 (6) (9) N.M
Total revenue$37,740
 $35,186
 7 % $72,953
 $67,827
 8%$39,735
 $37,740
 5% $77,076
 $72,953
 6%
Pharmaceutical Segment
Pharmaceutical segment revenue growth was primarily due to sales growth from pharmaceutical distribution and specialty pharmaceuticalsolutions customers, which together increased revenue by $3.4$2.0 billion and $6.7$4.0 billion during the three and six months ended December 31, 2018,2019, respectively. The increase due to sales growth was partially offset by the February 2018 divestiture of our China distribution business.
Medical Segment
Medical segment revenue decreased slightlywas essentially flat during the three months ended December 31, 2018 due to the divestitures of our China distribution and naviHealth businesses, largely offset by2019 with sales growth from existing customers.Cardinal Health at-Home Solutions offset by lower sales from products and distribution.
Medical segment revenue increased slightly during the six months ended December 31, 20182019 primarily due to sales growth from existing customersCardinal Health at-Home Solutions and contributions from the Patient Recovery Business acquisition, largelyproducts and distribution. The increase was partially offset by the divestituresdivestiture of our China distribution and naviHealth businesses.in the prior year.
Cost of Products Sold
 
Cost of products sold for the three and six months ended December 31, 20182019 increased $2.7$2.0 billion(86 percent) and $5.3$4.1 billion (8(6 percent) compared to the respective prior-year periods as a result of the factors affecting the changes in revenue and gross margin.










   
7
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
6





MD&AResults of Operations 


Gross Margin
 
chart-bb7cb700aa2f5ca3871.jpgchart-159bf474274f54efa4c.jpgchart-73ee4c10511c5ef6890.jpgchart-f61e989517785cc7bf1.jpg
Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Gross margin$1,730
 $1,861
 (7)% $3,397
 $3,533
 (4)%$1,714
 $1,730
 (1)% $3,393
 $3,397
  %
Gross margin decreased $131 million and $136 millionwas essentially flat versus prior-year periods during both the three and six months ended December 31, 2018, respectively, primarily due to lower gross margin rate, partially offset by sales growth from our specialty pharmaceutical products distribution and services business.2019.
Gross margin rate declined 71 and 5527 basis points during the three and six months ended December 31, 2018, respectively,2019 mainly due to changesa $56 million charge in product mix, lower contribution from our Pharmaceutical segment generics programconnection with the Recalls, as described further in the Significant Developments in Fiscal 2020 and Trends section in this MD&A, the adverse impact of pharmaceutical customer contract renewals. renewals, and changes in pharmaceutical distribution product mix, partially offset by the performance of our Pharmaceutical segment generics program.
Gross margin rate declined 26 basis points during the six months ended December 31, 2018 was positively impacted by2019 mainly due to the netadverse impact of acquisitionspharmaceutical customer contract renewals, the $56 million charge in connection with the Recalls, as described further in the Significant Developments in Fiscal 2020 and divestitures, which includes the Patient Recovery Business acquisitionTrends section in this MD&A, and the divestitures of our Chinachanges in pharmaceutical distribution and naviHealth businesses.product mix.
Distribution, Selling, General and Administrative ("SG&A") Expenses
 
Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
SG&A expenses$1,064
 $1,131
 (6)% $2,219
 $2,193
 1%$1,163
 $1,064
 9% $2,270
 $2,219
 2%
During the three months ended December 31, 2019, SG&A expenses increased primarily due to a $40 million charge in connection with the Recalls as described further in the Significant Developments in Fiscal 2020 and Trends section in this MD&A, higher costs to support sales growth and fluctuations in deferred compensation liabilities, partially offset by the beneficial impact of enterprise-wide cost saving measures. During the three months ended December 31, 2018, SG&A expenses benefited from the impact of divestitures and the reversal of the amount$34 million that we accrued in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 for the New York Opioid Stewardship Act assessment for opioids sold or distributed in New York state. In December 2018, the U.S. Federal District Court ruledstate when the New York Opioid Stewardship Act was unconstitutional. ruled unconstitutional.
During the six months ended December 31, 2018,2019, SG&A expenses increased slightly due to certainthe higher costs to exit transition service agreements for our Patient Recovery Businesssupport the sales growth, the $40 million charge in connection with the Recalls, as described further in the Significant Developments in Fiscal 2020 and opioid-matter legal defense expenses, partiallyTrends section in this MD&A, and fluctuations in deferred compensation liabilities, mostly offset by the beneficial impact of divestitures.enterprise-wide cost saving measures.
See Note 9 of the "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for additional information on the New York Opioid Stewardship Act and opioid lawsuits.





   
7
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
8





MD&AResults of Operations 


Segment Profit
 
We evaluate segment performance based on segment profit, among other measures. See Note 1413 of the "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for additional information on segment profit.
chart-2a41e8d32dba5fe1b1f.jpgchart-833df8da48235b4c8ec.jpgchart-f9153a6cb9dd593fb2b.jpgchart-f06b5fff8fb8555489d.jpg
Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Pharmaceutical$443
 $514
 (14)% $851
 $981
 (13)%$462
 $443
 4 % $860
 $851
 1%
Medical188
 220
 (14)% 323
 348
 (7)%195
 188
 4 % 365
 323
 13%
Total segment profit631
 734
 (14)% 1,174
 1,329
 (12)%657
 631
 4 % 1,225
 1,174
 4%
Corporate(127) (335) (62)% 146
 (668) (122)%(323) (127) 154 % (6,155) 146
 N.M
Total consolidated operating earnings$504
 $399
 26 % $1,320
 $661
 100 %
Total consolidated operating earnings/(loss)$334
 $504
 (34)% $(4,930) $1,320
 N.M
Pharmaceutical Segment Profit
Pharmaceutical segment profit during the three and six months ended December 31, 2018 was adversely impacted by2019 increased due to the performance of our generics program performance and growth from specialty solutions, partially offset by the adverse impact of customer contract renewals. The decreases were partially
Pharmaceutical segment profit during the six months ended December 31, 2019 increased slightly due to the beneficial impact of cost-savings measures, growth from specialty solutions and the performance of our generics program, mostly offset by growth from our specialty pharmaceutical products distribution and services business.the adverse impact of customer contract renewals.
Medical Segment Profit
The decreases in Medical segment profit during the three and six months ended December 31, 2018 were2019 increased primarily due to increased costs related to Cardinal Health Brand products. The decreases werethe beneficial impact of cost-savings measures, partially offset by the netperformance of products and distribution.
Medical segment profit during the six months ended December 31, 2019 increased primarily due to beneficial impact of acquisitionscost-savings measures.
Medical segment financial results do not include the $96 million charge incurred during the three and divestitures, which includes the beneficial comparison to the prior-year fair value step-up of inventory acquiredsix months ended December 31, 2019 in connection with the Patient Recovery Business.Recalls, as described further in the Significant Developments in Fiscal 2020 and Trends section in this MD&A.
Corporate
The changes in Corporate during the three and six months ended December 31, 20182019 were due to the factors discussed in the Other Components of Consolidated Operating EarningsEarnings/(Loss) section that follows. Corporate was also adversely impacted by the $96 million charge incurred during the three and six months ended December 31, 2019 in connection with the Recalls, as described further within the Significant Developments in Fiscal 2020 and Trends section in this MD&A. The Recalls charge is included within Corporate to allow investors to better understand the underlying operating results of the Medical segment and to facilitate comparison of Medical segment current financial results to historical financial results and the results of peers.




   
9
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
8





MD&AResults of Operations 


Other Components of Consolidated Operating EarningsEarnings/(Loss)
 
In addition to revenue, gross margin and SG&A expenses discussed previously, consolidated operating earningsearnings/(loss) were impacted by the following:
Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018 2019 2018
Restructuring and employee severance$12
 $21
 $44
 $153
$56
 $12
 $86
 $44
Amortization and other acquisition-related costs157
 184
 314
 368
133
 157
 265
 314
Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, net8
 68
 (503) 68
7
 8
 8
 (503)
Litigation (recoveries)/charges, net(15) 58
 3
 90
21
 (15) 5,694
 3
Restructuring and Employee Severance
DuringWe incurred $42 million and $8 million during the three and six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, we recognized $8respectively, and $62 million and $34 million, during the six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, of employee-related severance costsexpenses in connection with our implementation of certain enterprise-wide cost-saving measures that began in fiscal 2019.measures.
During the six months ended December 31, 2017, we incurred $125 million of contract termination costs to transition the distribution of our Medical segment surgeon gloves in certain international markets from a third-party distribution arrangement to a direct distribution model.
Amortization and Other Acquisition-Related Costs
Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets was $133$127 million and $152$133 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 2017, respectively,$256 million and $266 million and $287 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, respectively.
Transaction and integration costs associated with the acquisition of the Patient Recovery Business acquisition were $22$3 million and $24$22 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 2017, respectively,$4 million and $44 million and $61 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, respectively.
Impairments and (Gain)/Loss Onon Disposal of Assets, Net
During the six months ended December 31, 2018, we recognized a pre-tax gain of $508 million related to the divestiture of our naviHealth business.
During the three and six months ended December 31, 2017 we recognized a $67 million write-down of the assets held for sale from the divestiture of our China distribution business.
Litigation (Recoveries)/Charges, Net
During both the three and six months ended December 31, 2018,2019, we recognized $47 milliona pre-tax charge of recoveries$5.63 billion ($5.14 billion after tax) associated with the opioid litigation. See Significant Developments in class action antitrust lawsuitsFiscal 2020 and Trends section in which we were a class member. In addition, thethis MD&A for additional information.
The costs we recognized in connection with the IVC filter product liability claims during the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were $26$17 million and $32 million, respectively, and $62 million and $45 million lowerduring the six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Recoveries in class action antitrust lawsuits recognized were $14 million and $47 million forthe three and six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, thanand $16 million and $47 million for the costs recognized in the comparable prior year periods.six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
EarningsEarnings/(Loss) Before Income Taxes


In addition to the items discussed above, earningsearnings/(loss) before income taxes were impacted by the following:
 Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2019 2018 Change 2019 2018 Change
Other (income)/expense, net$(12) $21
   $2
 $25
  
Interest expense, net63
 76
 (17)% 129
 152
 (15)%
Loss on extinguishment of debt4
 
 N.M
 4
 
 N.M
 Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017 Change 2018 2017 Change
Other (income)/expense, net$21
 $(5) N.M.
 $25
 $(4) N.M.
Interest expense, net$76
 $87
 (13)% $152
 $168
 (10)%
Loss on extinguishment of debt$
 $
 N.M.
 $
 $2
 N.M.
Other (Income)/Expense, Net

During the three and six months ended December 31, 2019, other (income)/expense, net was favorable compared to the respective prior-year periods primarily due to increased returns from investments, which are used to offset fluctuations in deferred compensation liabilities as discussed further in Note 9.

Interest Expense, Net

The decrease in interest expense during the three and six months ended December 31, 2019 was primarily due to less debt outstanding.







   
9
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
10





MD&AResults of Operations 


Provision for/(Benefit from) Income Taxes
 
During the three months ended December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, the effective tax rate was 21.0 percent and 31.0 percent, and (231.9) percent, respectively. DuringThe change in the sixeffective tax rate for the three months ended December 31, 20182019 compared to the prior period was primarily due to the favorable impact from changes in jurisdictional mix and 2017,discrete items recognized in the second quarter of fiscal 2020, largely driven by changes as a result of tax reform.
During the six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the effective tax rate was 23.57.2 percent and (136.6)23.5 percent, respectively. The changeschange in the effective tax ratesrate for the three and six months ended December 31, 20182019 compared to the prior periods isperiod was primarily due to transitional tax benefits from the enactment of the Tax Act in the prior periods. The six months ended December 31, 2018 also included net discrete benefits of $38 million primarily related to international legal entity changes.
The transitional tax benefits from the Tax Act during the three and six months ended December 31, 2017 included a provisional net tax benefit of $935$487 million related to the remeasurementopioid litigation pre-tax charge of our deferred tax assets$5.63 billion, as described further in the Significant Developments in Fiscal 2020 and liabilities to the new federal statutory rate and a provisional tax expense of $41 million for the one-time repatriation tax applied to our undistributed foreign earnings. Our effective tax rates for the three and six months ended December 31, 2017 also included $57 million of tax expense recognizedTrends section in connection with the sale of our China distribution business.this MD&A.




   
11
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
10





MD&ALiquidity and Capital Resources 


Liquidity and Capital Resources
We currently believe that, based on available capital resources (cash on hand and committed credit facilities) and projected operating cash flow, we have adequate capital resources to fund working capital needs; currently anticipated capital expenditures; currently anticipated business growth and expansion; contractual obligations; tax payments; and current and projected debt service requirements, early extinguishment of debt, dividends and share repurchases.repurchases as well as potential opioid litigation settlement payments associated with the Settlement Framework. If we decide to engage in one or more acquisitions, depending on the size and timing of such transactions, we may need to access capital markets for additional financing.
Cash and Equivalents
 
Our cash and equivalents balance was $2.2$1.7 billion at December 31, 20182019 compared to $1.8$2.5 billion at June 30, 2018.2019. At December 31, 20182019, our cash and equivalents were held in cash depository accounts with major banks or invested in high quality, short-term liquid investments.
In August 2018, we completed the sale of our interest in naviHealth and received proceeds of $737 million and a 44 percent equity interest in a partnership that owns naviHealth. During the six months ended December 31, 20182019, net cash provided by operating activities was $736$44 million driven by net earnings and changes in net working capital. Also during the six months ended December 31, 2018, we deployed $600$793 million for long-term debt repayments, $350 million for share repurchases, and $293$287 million for cash dividends.
The cash and equivalents balance at December 31, 2018 includes $695 million of cash held by subsidiaries outside of the United States.
Though our foreign earnings have been deemed to be repatriated from a U.S. federal tax perspective, we have not yet completed our assessment of pending and final Tax Act regulations on our plans to reinvest foreign earnings, and as such, we have not changed our prior conclusion that the earnings are indefinitely reinvested. If we decide to repatriate these earnings in the future, we may be subject to certain non-U.S. taxes at that time. See Note 8 of the "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for additional information on the Tax Act.
Changes in working capital, which impact operating cash flow, can vary significantly depending on factors such as the timing of customer
payments, inventory purchases and payments to vendors in the regular course of business, as well as fluctuating working capital needs driven by customer and product mix.
The cash and equivalents balance at December 31, 2019 includes $788 million of cash held by subsidiaries outside of the United States.



Other Financing Arrangements and Financial Instruments
 
Credit Facilities and Commercial Paper
In addition to cash and equivalents and operating cash flow, other sources of liquidity at December 31, 20182019 include a $2.0 billion commercial paper program, backed by a $2.0 billion revolving credit facility. We also have a $1.0 billion committed receivables sales facility. At December 31, 2018,2019, we had no$458 million outstanding under our commercial paper program and $225 million outstanding under committed receivables sales facility. During the six months ended December 31, 2019, we had maximum amounts outstanding under our commercial paper program revolving credit facility orand our committed receivables program of $960 million and $700 million, respectively. The maximum combined total daily amounts outstanding was $1.2 billion and the average daily amount outstanding was $88 million.
In September 2019, we renewed our committed receivables sales facility. Under our commercial paper and committed receivables programs, we had maximum amounts outstanding of $215 million and $785 million, respectively, and an average daily amount outstanding of $4 million and $22 million during three and six months ended December 31, 2018, respectively.
On November 6, 2018, we increased the maximum consolidated leverage ratio permitted under ourfacility program through Cardinal Health Funding, LLC (“CHF”) through September 30, 2022. Our revolving credit and committed receivables sales facilities require us to provide that,maintain, as of the end of any calendarevery fiscal quarter our maximumthrough December 2020, a consolidated net leverage ratio may beof no more than 4.25-to-1.4.00-to-1. The maximum permitted ratio will reduce to 4.00-to-1 in September 2019, to 3.75-to-1 in March 20202021 and to 3.25-to-1 in September 2020. as of the end of every quarter thereafter.As of December 31, 2018,2019, we were in compliance with ourthis financial covenants.covenant.
Long-Term Debt and Other Short-Term Borrowings
At December 31, 20182019, we had total long-term obligations, including the current portion and other short-term borrowings, of $9.0 billion.$7.9 billion. In November 2019, we repaid the full principal of the 2.4% Notes due 2019 at maturity for $450 million. During the six months ended December 31, 2019, we early repurchased $207 million of the 2.616% Notes due 2022, $10 million of the 3.2% Notes due 2022, $14 million of the Floating Rate Notes due 2022, $81 million of the 3.41% Notes due 2027, $6 million of the 4.6% Notes due 2043, $2 million of the 4.9% Notes due 2045, and $21 million of the 4.368% Notes due 2047. The repurchases were paid for with available cash and other short-term borrowings. In connection with the early debt repurchases, we recorded a $4 million loss on extinguishment of debt.




   
11
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
12





MD&ALiquidity and Capital Resources 


Capital Deployment
 
Opioid Settlement Framework
In October 2019, we agreed in principle to a Settlement Framework which includes a cash component, pursuant to which we would pay up to $5.56 billion over eighteen years. We currently expect payment amounts under the Settlement Framework to be spread through the 18-year period subject to participation by states and political subdivisions. See Significant Developments in Fiscal 2020 and Trends section in this MD&A for additional information.
Capital Expenditures
Capital expenditures during the six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 were $149 million and 2017 were $116 million, and $168 million, respectively.
Dividends
On each of May 8, 2019, August 7, 2019 and November 7, 2018,6, 2019, our Board of Directors approved a quarterly dividend of $0.4763$0.4811 per share, or $1.91$1.92 per share on an annualized basis, payablewhich were paid on July 15, 2019, October 15, 2019 and January 15, 2019 to shareholders of record on January 2, 2019.2020, respectively.
On February 6, 2018, our Board of Directors approved a quarterly dividend of $0.4763 per share, or $1.91 per share on an annualized basis, payable on April 15, 2019 to shareholders of record on April 1, 2019.
 
Share Repurchases
During the six months ended December 31, 2018,2019, we repurchased $600$350 million of our common shares pursuant tounder an accelerated share repurchase ("ASR") program. We funded the ASR program which was completed in October 2018.with available cash and short-term borrowings. See Note 1211 of the "Notes to condensed consolidated financial statements"Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for additional information.
On November 7, 2018, our Board of Directors approved a new $1.0 billion share repurchase program, which expires on December 31, 2021. At December 31, 2018,2019, we had $1.3 billion$943 million authorized for share repurchases remaining under all programs.repurchases.




   
13
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
12





MD&AOther Items 




Other Items
The MD&A in our 20182019 Form 10-K addresses our contractual obligations and off-balance sheet arrangements, as of and for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018.2019. There have been no subsequent material changes outside of the ordinary course of business to those items.items except for the agreement in principle on a global settlement framework designed to resolve all pending and future opioid lawsuits and claims brought by states and political subdivisions described in the Significant Developments in Fiscal 2020 and Trends section in this MD&A and Note 7 of the "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements."




Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2020 Form 10-Q
14



MD&ACritical Accounting Policies and Sensitive Accounting Estimates

Critical Accounting Policies and Sensitive Accounting Estimates
The discussion and analysis presented below is a supplemental disclosure to the critical accounting policies and sensitive accounting estimates specified in our consolidated balance sheetssheet at June 30, 2018.2019. This discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Critical Accounting Policies and Sensitive Accounting Estimates included in our 20182019 Form 10-K.10-K and our From 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2019.
Critical accounting policies are those accounting policies that (i) can have a significant impact on our financial condition and results of operations and (ii) require the use of complex and subjective estimates based upon past experience and management’s judgment. Other people applying reasonable judgment to the same facts and circumstances could develop different estimates. Because estimates are inherently uncertain, actual results may differ. In this section, we describe the significant policies applied in preparing our consolidated financial statements that management believes are the most dependent on estimates and assumptions for goodwill impairment testing.
Goodwill
 
Purchased goodwill is tested for impairment annually or when indicators of impairment exist. Goodwill impairment testing involves a comparison of the estimated fair value of reporting units to the respective carrying amount, which may be performed utilizing either a qualitative or quantitative assessment. Qualitative factors are first assessed to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If itThere is determined that it is more likely than not thatan option to bypass the fair value does not exceedqualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to performing the carrying amount, then a quantitative goodwill impairment test. We elected to bypass the qualitative assessment for our annual impairment test is performed.in fiscal 2019. The quantitative goodwill impairment test involves a comparison of the estimated fair value of the reporting unit to the respective carrying amount. A reporting unit is defined as an operating segment or one level below an operating segment (also known as a component).
Goodwill impairment testing involves judgment, including the identification of reporting units, qualitative evaluation of events and circumstances to determine if it is more likely than not that an impairment exists, and, if necessary, the estimation of the fair value of the applicable reporting unit. Our qualitative evaluation considers the weight of evidence and significance of all identified events and circumstances and most relevant drivers of fair value, both positive and negative, in determining whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.
 
Medical Unit Goodwill Qualitative Assessment
DuringFor our annual impairment test in fiscal 2019, the fourth quarterfair value of fiscal 2018, we recorded a $1.4 billion goodwill impairment within our Medical segment.Unit exceeded its carrying value of $10.8 billion by approximately 4 percent. Although we believe the assumptions used to arrive at the estimate of fair value during the fourth quarter of fiscal 20182019 continue to be reasonable and appropriate, changes in key assumptions during the remainder of fiscal 2019,2020, including a failure to meet expected earnings or other financial plans, or other unanticipated events and circumstances, such as a risean increase in interest rates or a significant change in industry or economic trends, may affect future estimates.
As noted within the Significant Developments in Fiscal 2020 and Trends section in this MD&A and Note 7 of the "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements", we recorded a charge of $96 million within Corporate during the three and six months ended December 31, 2019 in connection with the Recalls that would be allocated to the Medical Unit for purposes of goodwill impairment testing. The Recalls could result in loss of customers and sales. However, at this time, we do not expect these impacts to be meaningfully sustained such that they would indicate the fair value of the Medical Unit is less than its carrying amount.
Adverse changes in key assumptions, including related to our current assumptions about the impact of the Recalls, may result in a further decline in fair value below the carrying value in the future andresulting in an additional impairment in our Medical segmentUnit in future periods, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

Loss Contingencies
In connection with the opioid litigation as described further in the Significant Developments in Fiscal 2020 and Trends section in this MD&A, we recorded a pre-tax charge of $5.63 billion ($5.14 billion after tax) during the six months ended December 31, 2019. We accrue for contingencies when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Because loss contingencies are inherently unpredictable and unfavorable developments or resolutions can occur, the assessment is highly subjective and requires judgments about future events. Final terms of a settlement under the Settlement Framework continue to be negotiated, and there is no assurance that the necessary parties will agree to a definitive settlement agreement or that the
contingencies to any agreement will be satisfied. We will regularly review opioid litigation matters to determine whether our accrual is adequate. The amount of ultimate loss may differ materially from this accrual.




   
1315
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
 





ExplanationMD&ACritical Accounting Policies and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial MeasuresSensitive Accounting Estimates 


Provision for Income Taxes
Tax benefits from uncertain tax positions are recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination of the technical merits of the position, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation. The amount recognized is measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement. For tax benefits that do not qualify for recognition, we recognize a liability for unrecognized tax benefits.
In connection with the $5.63 billion pre-tax charge for the opioid litigation, during the six months ended December 31, 2019 we recorded a tax benefit of $487 million, which is net of unrecognized tax benefits of $468 million, reflecting our current assessment of the estimated future deductibility of the amount that may be paid. We have made reasonable estimates and recorded amounts based on management's judgment and our current understanding of the Tax Act; however, these estimates require significant judgment since the definitive settlement terms and documentation, including provisions related to deductibility, under the Settlement Framework have not been negotiated and the U.S. tax law governing deductibility was
changed by the Tax Act. Further, it is possible that the tax authorities could challenge our interpretation of the Tax Act or the estimates and assumptions used to assess the future deductibility of these benefits. The actual amount of the tax benefit related to uncertain tax positions may differ materially from these estimates. See Note 8 of the Notes to the "Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for more information regarding these matters.
We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, various U.S. state jurisdictions and various foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, we are subject to audit by taxing authorities for fiscal years 2008 through the current fiscal year. Tax laws are complex and subject to varying interpretations. Tax authorities have challenged some of our tax positions, including IRS challenges to our international transfer pricing for the periods from 2008 to 2014, and it is possible that they will challenge others. These challenges may adversely affect our effective tax rate or tax payments.

Explanation and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
The "Overview of Consolidated Results" section within MD&A in this Form 10-Q contains financial measures that are not calculated in accordance with GAAP.
In addition to analyzing our business based on financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP, we use these non-GAAP financial measures internally to evaluate our performance, engage in financial and operational planning, and, in most cases, determine incentive compensation because we believe that these measures provide additional perspective on and, in some circumstances are more closely correlated to, the performance of our underlying, ongoing business. We provide these non-GAAP financial measures to investors as supplemental metrics to assist readers in assessing the effects of items and events on our financial and operating results on a year-over-year basis and in comparing our performance to that of our competitors. However, the non-GAAP financial measures that we use may be calculated differently from, and therefore may not be comparable to, similarly titled measures used by other companies. The non-GAAP financial measures disclosed by us should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP, and the financial results calculated in accordance with GAAP and reconciliations to those financial statements set forth below should be carefully evaluated.
Exclusions from Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Management believes it is useful to exclude the following items from the non-GAAP measures presented in this report for its own and for investors’ assessment of the business for the reasons identified below:
LIFO charges and credits are excluded because the factors that drive last-in first-out ("LIFO") inventory charges or credits, such as pharmaceutical manufacturer price appreciation or deflation and year-end inventory levels (which can be meaningfully influenced by customer buying behavior immediately preceding our fiscal year-end), are largely out of our control and cannot be accurately predicted. The exclusion of LIFO charges and credits from non-GAAP metrics facilitates comparison of our current financial results to our historical financial results and to our peer group companies’ financial results.
Surgical gown recall costs includes inventory write-offs and certain remediation and supply disruption costs arising from the January 2020 recall of select Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) Level 3 surgical gowns and voluntary field actions (a recall of some packs and a corrective action allowing overlabeling of other packs) for Presource Procedure Packs containing affected gowns. We have excluded these costs from our non-GAAP metrics to allow investors to better understand the underlying operating results of the business and to facilitate comparison of our current financial results to our historical financial results and to our peer group companies’ financial results.

LIFO charges and credits are excluded because the factors that drive last-in first-out ("LIFO") inventory charges or credits, such as pharmaceutical manufacturer price appreciation or deflation and year-end inventory levels (which can be meaningfully influenced by customer buying behavior immediately preceding our fiscal year-end), are largely out of our control and cannot be accurately predicted. The exclusion of LIFO charges and credits from non-GAAP metrics facilitates comparison of our current financial results to our historical financial results and to our peer group companies’ financial results.
State opioid assessment related to prior fiscal years is the portion of the New York State assessment for prescription opioid medications that were sold or distributed in periods prior to fiscal 2019. This portion was excluded from non-GAAP financial measures because it related to sales in prior fiscal years and inclusion would have obscured analysis of the current fiscal year results of our underlying, ongoing business. Additionally, while the New York law would have required us to make payments on an ongoing basis, the portion of the assessment related to sales in periods prior to fiscal 2019 was contemplated to be a one-time, nonrecurring item. In December 2018, this assessment was declared unconstitutional. The charges we had previously recorded for the assessment related to periods prior to fiscal 2019 were reversed in the second quarter of our fiscal 2019 and also excluded from non-GAAP financial measures.
Restructuring and employee severance costs are excluded because they are not part of the ongoing operations of our underlying business.
Amortization and other acquisition-related costs, which include transaction costs, integration costs, and changes in the fair value of contingent consideration obligations, are excluded primarily for consistency with the presentation of the financial results of our peer group companies. Additionally, costs for amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets are non-cash amounts, which are variable in amount and frequency and are significantly impacted by the timing and size of acquisitions, so their exclusion facilitates comparison of historical, current and forecasted financial results. We also exclude other acquisition-related costs, which are directly related to an acquisition but do not meet the criteria to be recognized on the acquired entity’s initial balance sheet as part of the purchase price allocation. These costs are also significantly impacted by the timing, complexity and size of acquisitions.
Impairments and gain or loss on disposal of assets are excluded because they do not occur in or reflect the ordinary course of our ongoing business operations and are inherently unpredictable in timing and amount, and in the case of impairments, are non-cash amounts, so their exclusion facilitates comparison of historical, current and forecasted financial results.
Litigation recoveries or charges, net are excluded because they often relate to events that may have occurred in prior or multiple periods, do not occur in or reflect the ordinary course of our business and are inherently unpredictable in timing and amount.
Loss on extinguishment of debt is excluded because it does not typically occur in the normal course of business and may obscure analysis of trends and financial performance. Additionally, the amount and frequency of this type of charge is not consistent and is significantly impacted by the timing and size of debt extinguishment transactions.






   
 
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
1416





Explanation and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures  


State opioid assessments related to prior fiscal years is the portion of state assessments for prescription opioid medications that were sold or distributed in periods prior to the fiscal year of the initial assessment. This portion is excluded from non-GAAP financial measures because it is retrospectively applied to sales in prior fiscal years and inclusion would obscure analysis of the current fiscal year results of our underlying, ongoing business. Additionally, while states' laws may require us to make payments on an ongoing basis, the portion of the assessment related to sales in prior periods are contemplated to be one-time, nonrecurring items. Reversals of these accruals have occurred when certain assessments were declared unconstitutional.
Restructuring and employee severance costs are excluded because they are not part of the ongoing operations of our underlying business.
Amortization and other acquisition-related costs, which include transaction costs, integration costs, and changes in the fair value of contingent consideration obligations, are excluded because they are not part of the ongoing operations of our underlying business and to facilitate comparison of our current financial results to our historical financial results and to our peer group companies' financial results. Additionally, costs for amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets are non-cash amounts, which are variable in amount and frequency and are significantly impacted by the timing and size of acquisitions, so their exclusion facilitates comparison of historical, current and forecasted financial results. We also exclude other acquisition-related costs, which are directly related to an acquisition but do not meet the criteria to be recognized on the acquired entity’s initial balance sheet as part of the purchase price allocation. These costs are also significantly impacted by the timing, complexity and size of acquisitions.
Impairments and gain or loss on disposal of assets are excluded because they do not occur in or reflect the ordinary course of our ongoing business operations and are inherently unpredictable in timing and amount, and in the case of impairments, are non-cash amounts, so their exclusion facilitates comparison of historical, current and forecasted financial results.
Litigation recoveries or charges, net are excluded because they often relate to events that may have occurred in prior or multiple periods, do not occur in or reflect the ordinary course of our business and are inherently unpredictable in timing and amount.
Loss on extinguishment of debt is excluded because it does not typically occur in the normal course of business and may obscure analysis of trends and financial performance. Additionally, the amount and frequency of this type of charge is not consistent and is significantly impacted by the timing and size of debt extinguishment transactions.
Transitional tax benefit, net related to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is excluded because it results from the one-time impact of a very significant change in the U.S. federal corporate tax rate and, due to the significant size of the benefit, obscures analysis of trends and financial performance. The transitional tax benefit includes the initial estimate and subsequent adjustments for the re-measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities due to the reduction of the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate and the repatriation tax on undistributed foreign earnings.
Transitional tax benefit, net related to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is excluded because it results from the one-time impact of a very significant change in the U.S. federal corporate tax rate and, due to the significant size of the benefit, obscures analysis of trends and financial performance. The transitional tax benefit includes the initial estimate and subsequent adjustments for the re-measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities due to the reduction of the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate and the repatriation tax on undistributed foreign earnings.
The tax effect for each of the items listed above, other than the transitional tax benefit item, is determined using the tax rate and other tax attributes applicable to the item and the jurisdiction(s) in which the item is recorded. The gross, tax and net impact of each item are presented with our GAAP to non-GAAP reconciliations.
Definitions
Growth rate calculation: growth rates in this Form 10-Q are determined by dividing the difference between current-period results and prior-period results by prior-period results.
Non-GAAP distribution, selling, general and administrative expenses or Non-GAAP SG&A: distribution, selling, general and administrative expenses, excluding state opioid assessment related to prior fiscal years.
Non-GAAP operating earnings: operating earningsearnings/(loss) excluding (1) LIFO charges/(credits), (2) surgical gown recall costs, (3) state opioid assessment related to prior fiscal years, (3)(4) restructuring and employee severance, (4)(5) amortization and other acquisition-related costs, (5)(6) impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, and (6)(7) litigation (recoveries)/charges, net.
Non-GAAP earnings before income taxes: earningsearnings/(loss) before income taxes excluding (1) LIFO charges/(credits), (2) surgical gown recall costs, (3) state opioid assessment related to prior fiscal years, (3)(4) restructuring and employee severance, (4)(5) amortization and other acquisition-related costs, (5)(6) impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, (6)(7) litigation (recoveries)/charges, net, and (7)(8) loss on extinguishment of debt.
Non-GAAP net earnings attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc.: net earningsearnings/(loss) attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc. excluding (1) LIFO charges/(credits), (2) surgical gown recall costs, (3) state opioid assessment related to prior fiscal years, (3)(4) restructuring and employee severance, (4)(5) amortization and other acquisition-related costs, (5)(6) impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, (6)(7) litigation (recoveries)/charges, net, (7)(8) loss on extinguishment of debt, each net of tax, and (8)(9) transitional tax benefit, net.
Non-GAAP effective tax rate: (provision forprovision for/(benefit from) income taxes adjusted for (1) LIFO charges/(credits), (2) surgical gown recall costs, (3) state opioid assessment related to prior fiscal years, (3)(4) restructuring and employee severance, (4)(5) amortization and other acquisition-related costs, (5) impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, (6) litigation (recoveries)/charges, net, (7) loss on extinguishment of debt, and (8) transitional tax benefit, (net) divided by (earnings before income taxes adjusted for the first seven items).acquisition-
Non-GAAP diluted EPS attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc.: non-GAAP net earnings attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc. divided by diluted weighted-average shares outstanding.




   
1517
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
 





Explanation and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures  


GAAPrelated costs, (6) impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, (7) litigation (recoveries)/charges, net, (8) loss on extinguishment of debt, and (9) transitional tax benefit, (net) divided by (earnings/(loss) before income taxes adjusted for the first eight items).
Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share attributable to Non-GAAP Reconciliations
Cardinal Health, Inc.: non-GAAP net earnings attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc. divided by diluted weighted-average shares outstanding.
(in millions, except per common share amounts)
SG&A1
SG&A1 Growth Rate
Operating EarningsOperating Earnings Growth RateEarnings Before Income TaxesProvision for Income Taxes
Net Earnings2
Net Earnings2 Growth Rate
Diluted EPS2
Diluted EPS2 Growth Rate
 Three Months Ended December 31, 2018
GAAP$1,064
(6)%$504
26 %$407
$126
$280
(73)%$0.93
(72)%
State opioid assessment related to prior fiscal years29

(29)
(29)(8)(21)
(0.07)
Restructuring and employee severance

12

12
3
9

0.03

Amortization and other acquisition-related costs

157

157
39
119

0.40

Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, net

8

8
1
7

0.02

Litigation (recoveries)/charges, net

(15)
(15)(4)(11)
(0.04)
Transitional tax benefit, net3





(3)3

0.01

Non-GAAP$1,093
(3)%$637
(13)%$540
$154
$385
(19)%$1.29
(15)%
           
 Three Months Ended December 31, 2017
GAAP$1,131
24 %$399
(26)%$317
$(736)$1,053
225 %$3.33
226 %
Restructuring and employee severance

21

21
(2)23

0.07

Amortization and other acquisition-related costs

184

184
41
143

0.46

Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, net

68

68
(43)111

0.35

Litigation (recoveries)/charges, net

58

58
17
41

0.13

Transitional tax benefit, net3





894
(894)
(2.83)
Non-GAAP$1,131
24 %$730
4 %$648
$171
$478
12 %$1.51
13 %
           
 Six Months Ended December 31, 2018
GAAP$2,219
1 %$1,320
100 %$1,143
$269
$873
(25)%$2.88
(22)%
Restructuring and employee severance

44

44
11
33

0.11

Amortization and other acquisition-related costs

314

314
74
240

0.79

Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, net

(503)
(503)(133)(370)
(1.22)
Litigation (recoveries)/charges, net

3

3

3

0.01

Transitional tax benefit, net3





(3)3

0.01

Non-GAAP$2,219
1 %$1,178
(12)%$1,001
$218
$782
(5)%$2.58
(1)%
           
 Six Months Ended December 31, 2017
GAAP$2,193
20 %$661
(39)%$495
$(675)$1,168
85 %$3.68
87 %
Restructuring and employee severance

153

153
45
108

0.34

Amortization and other acquisition-related costs

368

368
98
270

0.85

Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, net

68

68
(43)111

0.35

Litigation (recoveries)/charges, net

90

90
30
60

0.19

Loss on extinguishment of debt



2
1
1



Transitional tax benefit, net3





894
(894)
(2.82)
Non-GAAP$2,193
20 %$1,340
(2)%$1,175
$350
$823
 %$2.60
1��%
1
Distribution, selling, general and administrative expenses.
2
attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc.
3
Reflects the estimated net transitional benefit from the remeasurement of our deferred tax assets and liabilities partially offset by the repatriation tax on cash and earnings of foreign subsidiaries. See Note 8 of the "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for more information on the Tax Act.
The sum of the components may not equal the total due to rounding.
We generally apply varying tax rates depending on the item's nature and tax jurisdiction where it is incurred.




   
 
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
1618





Explanation and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliation
(in millions, except per common share amounts)Operating Earnings/(Loss)Operating Earnings Growth RateEarnings/(Loss) Before Income TaxesProvision for/(Benefit from) Income Taxes
Net Earnings/(Loss)1
Net Earnings/(Loss)1 Growth Rate
Diluted EPS1,2
Diluted EPS1 Growth Rate
 Three Months Ended December 31, 2019
GAAP$334
(34)%$279
$59
$220
(21)%$0.75
(19)%
Surgical gown recall costs96
 96
25
71

0.24

State opioid assessment related to prior fiscal years(1)
(1)
(1)


Restructuring and employee severance56

56
14
42

0.14

Amortization and other acquisition-related costs133

133
33
100

0.34

Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, net7

7
2
5

0.02

Litigation (recoveries)/charges, net21

21
3
18

0.06

Loss on extinguishment of debt

4
1
3

0.01

Transitional tax benefit, net


11
(11)
(0.04)
Non-GAAP$646
1 %$596
$148
$448
16 %$1.52
18 %
 Three Months Ended December 31, 2018
GAAP$504
26 %$407
$126
$280
(73)%$0.93
(72)%
State opioid assessment related to prior fiscal years(29) (29)(8)(21) (0.07) 
Restructuring and employee severance12

12
3
9

0.03

Amortization and other acquisition-related costs157

157
39
119

0.40

Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, net8

8
1
7

0.02

Litigation (recoveries)/charges, net(15)
(15)(4)(11)
(0.04)
Transitional tax benefit, net


(3)3

0.01

Non-GAAP$637
(13)%$540
$154
$385
(19)%$1.29
(15)%
 Six Months Ended December 31, 2019
GAAP 
$(4,930)N.M
$(5,065)$(364)$(4,702)N.M
$(15.99)N.M
Surgical gown recall costs96
 96
25
71
 0.24
 
State opioid assessment related to prior fiscal years4

4
1
3

0.01

Restructuring and employee severance86

86
21
65

0.22

Amortization and other acquisition-related costs265

265
67
198

0.67

Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, net8

8
2
6

0.02

Litigation (recoveries)/charges, net3
5,694

5,694
501
5,193

17.66

Loss on extinguishment of debt

4
1
3

0.01

Transitional tax benefit, net


11
(11)
(0.04)
Non-GAAP 
$1,223
4 %$1,092
$265
$826
6 %$2.80
9 %
 Six Months Ended December 31, 2018
GAAP$1,320
100 %$1,143
$269
$873
(25)%$2.88
(22)%
Restructuring and employee severance44

44
11
33

0.11

Amortization and other acquisition-related costs314

314
74
240

0.79

Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, net(503)
(503)(133)(370)
(1.22)
Litigation (recoveries)/charges, net3

3

3

0.01

Transitional tax benefit, net


(3)3

0.01

Non-GAAP$1,178
(12)%$1,001
$218
$782
(5)%$2.58
(1)%


19
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2020 Form 10-Q



Explanation and Reconciliation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures


1
Attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc.
2
For the six months ended December 31, 2019, GAAP diluted loss per share attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc. ("GAAP diluted EPS") and the EPS impact from the GAAP to non-GAAP per share reconciling items are calculated using a weighted average of 294 million common shares, which excludes potentially dilutive securities from the denominator due to their anti-dilutive effects resulting from our GAAP net loss for the period. Year-to-date fiscal 2020 non-GAAP diluted EPS is calculated using a weighted average of 295 million common shares, which includes potentially dilutive shares.
3
Litigation (recoveries)/charges, net includes a pre-tax charge of $5.63 billion ($5.14 billion after tax) recorded in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 related to the opioid litigation.

The sum of the components may not equal the total due to rounding.
We apply varying tax rates depending on the item's nature and tax jurisdiction where it is incurred.



Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2020 Form 10-Q
20



Other 




Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
There have been no material changes in the quantitative and qualitative market risk disclosures included in our 20182019 Form 10-K since the end of fiscal 20182019 through December 31, 2018.2019.
Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We evaluated, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act")) as ofDecember 31, 2018.2019. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that as of December 31, 2018,2019, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 20182019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Legal Proceedings
TheIn addition to the proceeding described below, the legal proceedings described in Note 97 of the "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" are incorporated in this "Legal Proceedings" section by reference.
In June 2019, Melissa Cohen, a purported shareholder, filed an action on behalf of Cardinal Health, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Ohio against certain current and former members of our Board of Directors alleging that the defendants breached their fiduciary duties by failing to effectively monitor Cardinal Health's distribution of controlled substances. The derivative complaint seeks, among other things, unspecified money damages against the defendants and an award of attorneys' fees. In December 2019 and January 2020, similar complaints were filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Ohio by purported shareholders, Stanley M. Malone and Michael Splaine, respectively. In January, 2020, the court granted the plaintiffs' unopposed motion to consolidate the derivative cases under the caption In re Cardinal Health, Inc. Derivative Litigation.
Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the information in this Form 10-Q, including the risk factors below, and the risk factors discussed in "Risk Factors" and other risks discussed in our 20182019 Form 10-K, our Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2019, and ourother filings with the SEC since June 30, 2018.2019. These risks could materially and adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, and cash flows. Our business also could be affected by risks that we are not presently aware of or that we currently consider immaterial to our operations.

The recalls of certain surgical gowns and related Presource Procedure Packs had a negative impact on our financial results in the three months ended December 31, 2019, and are expected to have additional negative financial and operational impacts.
In January, 2020, we issued a voluntary recall for 9.1 million AAMI Level 3 surgical gowns and two voluntary field actions (a recall of some packs and a corrective action allowing overlabeling of other packs) for 2.9 million Presource Procedure Packs containing affected gowns (together, the "Recalls"). The Recalls were necessary because we discovered in December 2019 that one of our FDA-registered suppliers in China had shifted production of some gowns to unapproved sites with uncontrolled environments. Because of this, we could not assure sterility of the gowns.
In connection with the Recalls, in the three months ended December 31, 2019, we recorded a total charge of $96 million, of which $56
million is within cost of products sold and $40 million is within SG&A in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. This charge represents our best estimate of costs for the Recalls and includes inventory write-off costs and certain remediation and supply disruption costs, such as costs to replace recalled products. Because loss contingencies are inherently unpredictable and unfavorable developments or resolutions can occur, theassessment is highly subjective and requires judgments about future events. The amount of ultimate loss may differ materially from this accrual.
In addition to the charge for the three months ended December 31, 2019, we expect that the Recalls will have other negative impacts, which could include: government investigations and enforcement actions by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or other regulators or U.S. or international governmental bodies (possibly resulting in product seizures, additional recalls, the issuance of safety alerts, the


21
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2020 Form 10-Q



Other

suspension or revocation of the authority to produce, distribute and sell products and other civil or criminal sanctions); losses due to patient claims, including product liability claims and lawsuits; and customer claims unrelated to their direct costs from the supply disruption.
Additionally, these surgical gowns and procedure packs are used in surgeries throughout the United States and internationally. Due to quality standards, it is challenging to quickly establish additional or replacement suppliers. These Recalls are expected to result in sustained supply reductions and market shortages. We understand that, due to these supply shortages, surgeries have been delayed or canceled, and we expect that additional surgeries will be delayed or canceled over a period of several weeks or months. This and other aspects of the Recalls could result in reputational harm and loss of customers and sales.
The public health crisis involving the abuse of prescription opioid pain medication and our efforts to resolve related claims could have additional or unexpected material negative effects on our business.
Our Pharmaceutical segment distributes prescription opioid pain medications. In recent years, the abuse of prescription opioid pain medication has become a public health crisis.
A significant number of counties, municipalities and other plaintiffs, including a number of state attorneys general, have filed lawsuits against pharmaceutical manufacturers, pharmaceutical wholesale distributors (including us), retail chains and others relating to the manufacturing, marketing or distribution of prescription opioid pain medications. In addition, we are currently being investigated or sued by other states for the same activities and could be named as a defendant in additional lawsuits. The defense and resolution of current and future lawsuits and events relating to these lawsuits are subject to uncertainty and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, cash flows, liquidity, our ability to pay dividends or repurchase our shares, or have adverse reputational or operational effects on our business.
In October 2019, we agreed in principle to a Settlement Framework and in connection with this development we recorded a pre-tax accrual of $5.56 billion in the six months ended December 31, 2019. This Settlement Framework is subject to contingencies but is the basis for our negotiation of definitive terms and documentation. Final terms of a settlement under the Settlement Framework continue to be negotiated, and there is no assurance that the necessary parties will agree to a definitive settlement agreement or that the contingencies to any agreement will be satisfied. We will regularly review opioid litigation matters to determine whether our accrual is adequate. The amount of ultimate loss may differ materially from this accrual. See Note 7 of the "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for more information regarding these matters.
Other legislative, regulatory or industry measures related to the public health crisis involving the abuse of prescription opioid pain medication and the distribution of these medications could affect our business in ways that we may not be able to predict. For example,
several states have now adopted taxes or other fees on the sale of opioids, and several other states have proposed similar legislative initiatives. These laws and proposals vary in the tax amounts imposed and the means of calculation. Liabilities for taxes or assessments under any such laws could have an adverse impact on our results of operations unless we are able to mitigate them through operational changes or commercial arrangements where permitted.
Ongoing unfavorable publicity regarding the abuse or misuse of prescription opioid pain medications and the role of wholesale distributors in the supply chain of such prescription medications, as well as the continued proliferation of the opioid lawsuits, investigations, regulations and legislative actions, and unfavorable publicity in relation to those lawsuits could have a material adverse effect on our reputation or results of operations.
We could be subject to adverse changes in the tax laws or challenges to our tax positions.
We are a large multinational corporation with operations in the United States and many foreign countries. As a result, we are subject to the tax laws of many jurisdictions.
From time to time, initiatives are proposed in the United States and other jurisdictions in which we operate that could adversely affect our tax positions, effective tax rate or tax payments. Specific initiatives that may impact us include the repeal of the LIFO (last-in, first-out) method of inventory accounting for income tax purposes, the establishment or increase in taxation at the U.S. state level on the basis of gross revenues, recommendations of the recently completed base erosion and profit shifting project undertaken by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and the European Commission’s investigation into illegal state aid.
Additionally, in connection with the $5.63 billion pre-tax charge for the opioid litigation, in the six months ended December 31, 2019, we recorded a tax benefit of $487 million, which is net of unrecognized tax benefits of $468 million, reflecting our current assessment of the estimated future deductibility of the amount that may be paid. We have made reasonable estimates and recorded amounts based on management's judgment and our current understanding of the Tax Act; however, these estimates require significant judgment since the definitive settlement terms and documentation, including provisions related to deductibility, under the Settlement Framework have not been negotiated and the U.S. tax law governing deductibility was changed by the Tax Act. Further, it is possible that the tax authorities could challenge our interpretation of the Tax Act or the estimates and assumptions used to assess the future deductibility of these benefits. The actual amount of the tax benefit related to uncertain tax positions may differ materially from these estimates. See Note 8 of the "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for more information regarding these matters.
We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, various U.S. state jurisdictions and various foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, we are subject to audit by taxing authorities for fiscal years 2008 through the current fiscal year. Tax laws are complex and subject to varying interpretations. Tax authorities have challenged


Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2020 Form 10-Q
22



Other

some of our tax positions, including IRS challenges to our international transfer pricing for the periods from 2008 to 2014, and it is possible that they will challenge others. These challenges may adversely affect our effective tax rate or tax payments.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
PeriodTotal Number
of Shares
Purchased (1)
 Average Price Paid per Share (2) Total Number of Shares
Purchased
as Part of Publicly Announced Programs (2, 3)
 
Approximate
Dollar Value of
Shares That May
Yet be Purchased
Under the Program (3)
(in millions)
October 20181,954,662
 $61.40
 1,954,392
 $293
November 2018271
 53.00
 
 1,293
December 2018407
 49.62
 
 1,293
Total1,955,340
 $61.40
 1,954,392
 $1,293
PeriodTotal Number
of Shares
Purchased (1)
 Average Price Paid per Share (2) Total Number of Shares
Purchased
as Part of Publicly Announced Programs (2,3)
 
Approximate
Dollar Value of
Shares That May
Yet be Purchased
Under the Program (3)
(in millions)
October 20191,214
 $48.05
 
 $1,013
November 2019255
 52.92
 
 1,013
December 2019894,064
 48.00
 893,696
 943
Total895,533
 $48.00
 893,696
 $943
(1)Reflects 270, 2711,214, 255 and 407368 common shares purchased in October, November and December 2018,2019, respectively, through a rabbi trust as investments of participants in our Deferred Compensation Plan.
(2)
On August 16, 201820, 2019, we entered into an ASRaccelerated share repurchase ("ASR") program to purchase common shares for an aggregate purchase price of $600 million. The program$350 million, which was completed on October 25, 2018December 4, 2019. During the six months ended December 31, 2019, we repurchased 7.3 million common shares at a weighted average price perof $48.00 under this program. During December 2019, the ASR program closed and upon settlement, we received 893,696 remaining common shareshares. Upon closing of $52.32.the ASR program we have $943 million remaining under our program. See Note 1211 of the "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for additional information.
(3)On February 7, 2018, our Board of Directors approved a new $1.0 billion share repurchase program that expires on December 31, 2020. On November 7, 2018, our Board of Directors approved a new $1.0 billion share repurchase program that expires on December 31, 2021.2021 and as of December 31, 2019, we have $943 million authorized for share repurchases remaining under this program.






   
1723
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
 





Financial Statements  



Condensed Consolidated Statements of EarningsEarnings/(Loss)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions, except per common share amounts)2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018 2019 2018
Revenue$37,740
 $35,186
 $72,953
 $67,827
$39,735
 $37,740
 $77,076
 $72,953
Cost of products sold36,010
 33,325
 69,556
 64,294
38,021
 36,010
 73,683
 69,556
Gross margin1,730
 1,861
 3,397
 3,533
1,714
 1,730
 3,393
 3,397
              
Operating expenses:              
Distribution, selling, general and administrative expenses1,064
 1,131
 2,219
 2,193
1,163
 1,064
 2,270
 2,219
Restructuring and employee severance12
 21
 44
 153
56
 12
 86
 44
Amortization and other acquisition-related costs157
 184
 314
 368
133
 157
 265
 314
Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, net8
 68
 (503) 68
7
 8
 8
 (503)
Litigation (recoveries)/charges, net(15) 58
 3
 90
21
 (15) 5,694
 3
Operating earnings504
 399
 1,320
 661
Operating earnings/(loss)334
 504
 (4,930) 1,320
              
Other (income)/expense, net21
 (5) 25
 (4)(12) 21
 2
 25
Interest expense, net76
 87
 152
 168
63
 76
 129
 152
Loss on extinguishment of debt
 
 
 2
4
 
 4
 
Earnings before income taxes407
 317
 1,143
 495
Earnings/(loss) before income taxes279
 407
 (5,065) 1,143
              
Provision for/(benefit from) income taxes126
 (736) 269
 (675)59
 126
 (364) 269
Net earnings281
 1,053
 874
 1,170
Net earnings/(loss)220
 281
 (4,701) 874
              
Less: Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests(1) 
 (1) (2)
 (1) (1) (1)
Net earnings attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc.$280
 $1,053
 $873
 $1,168
Net earnings/(loss) attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc.$220
 $280
 $(4,702) $873
              
Earnings per common share attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc.:       
Earnings/(loss) per common share attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc.:       
Basic$0.94
 $3.35
 $2.90
 $3.70
$0.75
 $0.94
 $(15.99) $2.90
Diluted0.93
 3.33
 2.88
 3.68
0.75
 0.93
 (15.99) 2.88
              
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding:              
Basic299
 315
 302
 315
292
 299
 294
 302
Diluted300
 316
 303
 317
294
 300
 294
 303
              
Cash dividends declared per common share$0.4763
 $0.4624
 $0.9526
 $0.9248
$0.4811
 $0.4763
 $0.9622
 $0.9526
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.




   
 
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
1824





Financial Statements  


Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive IncomeIncome/(Loss)
(Unaudited)
 Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017 2018 2017
Net earnings$281
 $1,053
 $874
 $1,170
        
Other comprehensive income/(loss):       
Foreign currency translation adjustments and other(26) (9) (29) 31
Net unrealized gain/(loss) on derivative instruments, net of tax(1) 
 (2) (1)
Total other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax(27) (9) (31) 30
        
Total comprehensive income254
 1,044
 843
 1,200
        
Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests(1) 
 (1) (2)
Total comprehensive income attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc.$253
 $1,044
 $842
 $1,198
 Three Months Ended December 31, Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2019 2018 2019 2018
Net earnings/(loss)$220
 $281
 $(4,701) $874
        
Other comprehensive loss:       
Foreign currency translation adjustments and other(1) (26) (18) (29)
Net unrealized loss on derivative instruments, net of tax(1) (1) (6) (2)
Total other comprehensive loss, net of tax(2) (27) (24) (31)
        
Total comprehensive income/(loss)218
 254
 (4,725) 843
        
Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 (1) (1) (1)
Total comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc.$218
 $253
 $(4,726) $842
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.






   
1925
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
 





Financial Statements  


Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
(in millions)December 31, 2018 June 30, 2018December 31, 2019 June 30, 2019
Assets      
Current assets:      
Cash and equivalents$2,182
 $1,763
$1,659
 $2,531
Trade receivables, net7,932
 7,800
8,280
 8,448
Inventories, net13,037
 12,308
13,799
 12,822
Prepaid expenses and other1,940
 1,926
1,998
 1,946
Assets held for sale
 756
Total current assets25,091
 24,553
25,736
 25,747
      
Property and equipment, net2,376
 2,487
2,301
 2,356
Goodwill and other intangibles, net11,973
 12,229
11,523
 11,808
Other assets1,022
 682
1,482
 1,052
Total assets$40,462
 $39,951
$41,042
 $40,963
      
Liabilities, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests and Shareholders’ Equity   
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity   
Current liabilities:      
Accounts payable$20,610
 $19,677
$21,459
 $21,535
Current portion of long-term obligations and other short-term borrowings1,450
 1,001
1,192
 452
Other accrued liabilities1,764
 2,002
2,239
 2,122
Liabilities related to assets held for sale

213
Total current liabilities23,824
 22,893
24,890
 24,109
      
Long-term obligations, less current portion7,599
 8,012
6,742
 7,579
Deferred income taxes and other liabilities2,996
 2,975
8,408
 2,945
      
Redeemable noncontrolling interests
 12
   
Shareholders’ equity:      
Preferred shares, without par value:      
Authorized—500 thousand shares, Issued—none

 

 
Common shares, without par value:      
Authorized—755 million shares, Issued—327 million shares at December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, respectively
2,728
 2,730
Authorized—755 million shares, Issued—327 million shares at December 31, 2019 and June 30, 2019, respectively
2,752
 2,763
Retained earnings5,233
 4,645
449
 5,434
Common shares in treasury, at cost: 29 million shares and 18 million shares at December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, respectively
(1,795) (1,224)
Common shares in treasury, at cost: 35 million shares and 28 million shares at December 31, 2019 and June 30, 2019, respectively
(2,099) (1,790)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(123) (92)(103) (79)
Total Cardinal Health, Inc. shareholders' equity999
 6,328
Noncontrolling interests3
 2
Total shareholders’ equity6,043
 6,059
1,002
 6,330
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and shareholders’ equity$40,462
 $39,951
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$41,042
 $40,963
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.






   
 
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
2026





Financial Statements  


Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash FlowsShareholders' Equity
(Unaudited)
 Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017
Cash flows from operating activities:   
Net earnings$874
 $1,170
    
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Depreciation and amortization498
 520
Impairments and (gain)/loss on sale of other investments2
 6
Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, net(503) 68
Share-based compensation41
 40
Provision for bad debts40
 31
Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions and divestitures:   
Increase in trade receivables(191) (617)
Increase in inventories(753) (995)
Increase in accounts payable941
 2,107
Other accrued liabilities and operating items, net(213) (870)
Net cash provided by operating activities736
 1,460
    
Cash flows from investing activities:   
Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired(21) (6,141)
Additions to property and equipment(116) (168)
Purchase of available-for-sale securities and other investments(10) (6)
Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale securities and other investments1
 65
Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale securities1
 
Proceeds from divestitures, net of cash sold, and disposal of property and equipment740
 1
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities595
 (6,249)
    
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Payment of contingent consideration obligation
 (17)
Net change in short-term borrowings
 155
Purchase of noncontrolling interests
 (106)
Proceeds from long-term obligations, net of issuance costs
 3
Reduction of long-term obligations(2) (403)
Net tax proceeds/(withholdings) from share-based compensation(13) (16)
Dividends on common shares(293) (296)
Purchase of treasury shares(600) (150)
Net cash used in financing activities(908) (830)
    
Effect of exchange rates changes on cash and equivalents(4) 7
Cash reclassified to assets held for sale
 (18)
    
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and equivalents419
 (5,630)
Cash and equivalents at beginning of period1,763
 6,879
Cash and equivalents at end of period$2,182
 $1,249
 Common Shares   Treasury Shares Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Loss
 Noncontrolling Interests Total
Shareholders’
Equity
(in millions)Shares Issued Amount Retained
Earnings
 Shares Amount   
 Three Months Ended December 31, 2019
Balance at September 30, 2019327
 $2,669
 $371
 (34) $(2,039) $(101) $3
 $903
Net earnings    220
       
 220
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax          (2)   (2)
Employee stock plans activity, net of shares withheld for employee taxes
 13
   

 10
     23
Share repurchase program activity  70
 

 (1) (70)     
Dividends declared    (143)         (143)
Other    1
       
 1
Balance at December 31, 2019327
 $2,752
 $449
 (35) $(2,099) $(103) $3
 $1,002
 Three Months Ended December 31, 2018
Balance at September 30, 2018327
 $2,590
 $5,097
 (27) $(1,678) $(96) $
 $5,913
Net earnings    280
       1
 281
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax          (27)   (27)
Employee stock plans activity, net of shares withheld for employee taxes
 18
   


 3
     21
Share repurchase program activity  120
 

 (2) (120)     
Dividends declared    (143)         (143)
Other    (1)       (1) (2)
Balance at December 31, 2018327
 $2,728
 $5,233
 (29) $(1,795) $(123) $
 $6,043
 Six Months Ended December 31, 2019
Balance at June 30, 2019327
 $2,763
 $5,434
 (28) $(1,790) $(79) $2
 $6,330
Net earnings/(loss)    (4,702)       1
 (4,701)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax          (24)   (24)
Employee stock plans activity, net of shares withheld for employee taxes
 (11)   

 41
     30
Share repurchase program activity  
 

 (7) (350)     (350)
Dividends declared    (284)         (284)
Other    1
       
 1
Balance at December 31, 2019327
 $2,752
 $449
 (35) $(2,099) $(103) $3
 $1,002
 Six Months Ended December 31, 2018
Balance at June 30, 2018327
 $2,730
 $4,645
 (18) $(1,224) $(92) $
 $6,059
Net earnings    873
       1
 874
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax          (31)   (31)
Employee stock plans activity, net of shares withheld for employee taxes
 (2)   


 29
     27
Share repurchase program activity  
   (11) (600)     (600)
Dividends declared    (286)         (286)
Other    1
       (1) 
Balance at December 31, 2018327
 $2,728
 $5,233
 (29) $(1,795) $(123) $
 $6,043
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.




   
2127
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
 





Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
 Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2019 2018
Cash flows from operating activities:   
Net earnings/(loss)$(4,701) $874
    
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings/(loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:   
Depreciation and amortization464
 498
Impairments and loss on sale of other investments
 2
Impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets, net8
 (503)
Loss on extinguishment of debt4
 
Share-based compensation41
 41
Provision for bad debts47
 40
Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions and divestitures:   
(Increase)/decrease in trade receivables121
 (191)
Increase in inventories(991) (753)
Increase/(decrease) in accounts payable(77) 941
Other accrued liabilities and operating items, net5,128
 (213)
Net cash provided by operating activities44
 736
    
Cash flows from investing activities:   
Acquisition of subsidiaries, net of cash acquired
 (21)
Additions to property and equipment(149) (116)
Purchase of investments(6) (10)
Proceeds from sale of investments2
 2
Proceeds from divestitures, net of cash sold, and disposal of property and equipment2
 740
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities(151) 595
    
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Net change in short-term borrowings681
 
Reduction of long-term obligations(793) (2)
Net tax withholdings from share-based compensation(11) (13)
Dividends on common shares(287) (293)
Purchase of treasury shares(350) (600)
Net cash used in financing activities(760) (908)
    
Effect of exchange rates changes on cash and equivalents(5) (4)
    
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and equivalents(872) 419
Cash and equivalents at beginning of period2,531
 1,763
Cash and equivalents at end of period$1,659
 $2,182
See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.


Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2020 Form 10-Q
28



Notes to Financial Statements  


Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of all majority-owned or controlled subsidiaries, and all significant intercompany transactions and amounts have been eliminated. Investments in business entities in which we do not have control, but have the ability to exercise significant influence over operating and financial policies, are accounted for using the equity method. Refer to Note 4 for further information on our equity method investments.
References to "we," "our," and similar pronouns in these condensed consolidated financial statementsin this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2019 (this "Form 10-Q") refer to Cardinal Health, Inc. and its majority-owned or controlled subsidiaries unless the context requires otherwise.
Our fiscal year ends on June 30. References to fiscal 20192020 and 20182019 in these condensed consolidated financial statements are to the fiscal years ending or ended June 30, 20192020 and June 30, 2018,2019, respectively.
Our condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the U.S.United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") instructions to Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and include the information and disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") for interim financial reporting. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual amounts may differ from these estimated amounts. In our opinion, all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial statements have been included. Except as disclosed elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, all such adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature. To conform to the current year presentation, certain prior year amounts have been reclassified. In addition, financial results presented for this fiscal 20192020 interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full fiscal year ending June 30, 2019.2020. These condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and, accordingly, should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 20182019 (the "2018"2019 Form 10-K").
RecentRecently Adopted Financial Accounting Standards
Derivatives and Hedging
In October 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued amended accounting guidance related to derivatives and hedging which permits the use of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") Overnight Index Swap ("OIS") as a Benchmark Interest Ratebenchmark interest rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes.hedge accounting purposes. This guidance will be is
effective for us inbeginning the first quarter of fiscal 2020 and must be applied on a prospective basis. We are currently evaluating theThe adoption did not have a material impact of adoption on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
Leases
In March 2018,February 2016, the FASB issued amended accounting guidance that requires lessees to codify SEC staff accounting bulletin 118 (“SAB 118”), which was issued in connection withrecognize most leases on the Tax Cutsbalance sheet as a lease liability and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”)
of December 2017.corresponding right-of-use asset. The guidance allows companiesalso requires disclosures that meet the objective of enabling financial statement users to use provisional estimates to recordassess the effectsamount, timing and uncertainty of the Tax Act and also provides a measurement period (not to exceed one yearcash flows arising from the date of enactment) to complete the accounting for the impacts of the Tax Act.leases. We adopted this guidance induring the secondfirst quarter of fiscal 2018 when it was initially issued as SAB 118. We completed2020 and elected the transition option which allows us to apply the guidance prospectively. The adoption resulted in the recognition of lease liabilities in the amount of $422 million and did not have a material impact on our accounting forresults of operations, liquidity or debt covenant compliance under our current debt agreements. The majority of our lease spend relates to certain real estate with the impacts from enactment of the Tax Act during the three months ended December 31, 2018. Future adjustmentsremaining lease spend primarily related to the financial statements may be necessary duevehicles and equipment. The adoption required certain changes to final Section 965 repatriation tax regulations, which were issued January 15, 2019,our systems and any additional pending regulatory changes, the impact of which is being currently assessed, or will be assessed, as final regulations are issued.processes. See Note 85 for additional information regarding income taxes.leases.
Recently Issued Financial Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted
Financial Instruments - Credit Losses
In June 2016, the FASB issued amended accounting guidance that will require entities to measure credit losses on trade and other receivables, held-to-maturity debt securities, loans and other instruments using an "expected credit loss" model that considers historical experience, current conditions and reasonable supportable forecasts. This guidance also requires that credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses be recognized as allowances rather than as deductions in the amortized cost of the securities. This guidance will be effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2021. We are currently evaluating the impact of adoption on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued amended accounting guidance that requires lessees to recognize most leases on the balance sheet as a lease liability and corresponding right-of-use asset. The guidance also requires disclosures that meet the objective of enabling financial statement users to assess the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. We will adopt this guidance when it is effective for us in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 and we expect to elect the practical expedient which will allow us to not apply the amended lease accounting guidance to comparative periods that will be presented. The majority of our lease spend relates to certain real estate with the remaining lease spend primarily related to equipment. We anticipate that the adoption of the amended lease guidance will result in an increase to the assets and liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheet, but we are continuing to evaluate the impact of this standard on our condensed consolidated financial statements and the methods of adoption.
In May 2014, the FASB issued amended accounting guidance related to revenue recognition which we adopted in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 using the modified retrospective method and that we applied to customer contracts that were not completed as of June 30, 2018.
The adoption of the amended accounting guidance did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements. We did not record any material contract assets, contract liabilities, or deferred contract costs in our condensed consolidated balance sheets upon adopting the amended accounting guidance. As a result of adoption, assets recorded for the right to recover products from




   
29
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
22





Notes to Financial Statements  



customers and the associated refund liabilities for return allowances were not material.
Revenue in both segments is primarily related to the distribution of pharmaceutical and medical products, which we recognize at a point in time when title transfers to customers and we have no further obligation to provide services related to such merchandise. Service revenues are recognized over the period that services are provided to the customer. Revenues derived from services are not material for either segment for all periods presented.
We are generally the principal in a transaction, therefore our revenue is primarily recorded on a gross basis. When we are a principal in a transaction, we have determined that we control the ability to direct the use of the product or service prior to transfer to a customer, are primarily responsible for fulfilling the promise to provide the product or service to our customer, have discretion in establishing prices, and ultimately control the transfer of the product or services provided to the customer.
Revenue is recorded net of sales returns and allowances. Revenues are measured based on the amount of consideration that we expect to receive, reduced by estimates for return allowances, discounts, rebates and other variable consideration. Sales returns are recorded based on estimates using historical data. Shipping and handling costs are primarily included in distribution, selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses in our condensed consolidated statements of earnings and include all delivery expenses as well as all costs to prepare the product for shipment to the end customer.  Shipping and handling costs incurred after control has transferred to the customer are treated as fulfillment costs.
We elected the practical expedient to expense costs to obtain a contract when incurred when the amortization period would have been one year or less. Additionally, we elected the practical expedients to not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less, contracts for which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice for services performed and for contracts for which the variable consideration is allocated entirely to a wholly unsatisfied performance obligation or to a wholly unsatisfied promise to transfer a distinct good or service that forms part of a single performance obligation. See Note 14 for additional information regarding our disaggregation of revenue.
In the first quarter of fiscal 2019, we adopted the following Accounting Standards Updates ("ASU"). ASU 2016-01 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities; ASU 2018-03 Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments; ASU 2016-15 Statement of Cash Flows: Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments; ASU 2016-16 Income Taxes: Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory; and ASU 2017-12 Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities. The adoption of these ASUs did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements.
2. Acquisitions
Patient Recovery Business
On July 29, 2017, we acquired the Patient Care, Deep Vein Thrombosis, and Nutritional Insufficiency businesses (the "Patient Recovery Business") from Medtronic plc for $6.1 billion in cash. The acquisition further expands our Medical segment's portfolio of self-manufactured products.
Transaction and integration costs associated with the acquisition of the Patient Recovery business were $22 million and $24 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $44 million and $61 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. These costs are included in amortization and other acquisition-related costs in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings.
Fair Value of Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed
The allocation of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed for the acquisition of the Patient Recovery Business was finalized during the three months ended September 30, 2018, resulting in goodwill of $3.3 billion. There were no significant adjustments to the allocation of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed for the Patient Recovery Business acquisition from those disclosed in our fiscal 2018 Form 10-K.
3. Restructuring and Employee Severance
The following table summarizes restructuring and employee severance costs:
 Three Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2019 2018
Employee-related costs (1)$42
 $12
Facility exit and other costs (2)14
 
Total restructuring and employee severance$56
 $12
 Three Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017
Employee-related costs (1)$12
 $15
Facility exit and other costs (2)
 6
Total restructuring and employee severance$12
 $21

 Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2019 2018
Employee-related costs (1)$62
 $41
Facility exit and other costs (2)24
 3
Total restructuring and employee severance$86
 $44
 Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017
Employee-related costs (1)$41
 $19
Facility exit and other costs (2)3
 134
Total restructuring and employee severance$44
 $153

(1)Employee-related costs primarily consist of termination benefits provided to employees who have been involuntarily terminated, duplicate payroll costs and retention bonuses incurred during transition periods.
(2)Facility exit and other costs primarily consist of product distribution and lease contract termination costs, lease costs associated with vacant facilities, accelerated depreciation, equipment relocation costs, project consulting fees, costs associated with restructuring our delivery of information technology infrastructure services and certain other divestiture-related costs.
In earlyDuring fiscal 2020 and 2019, we began implementingimplemented certain enterprise-wide cost-saving measures, which we expectinitiatives affecting various functional and commercial areas intended to reduceoptimize and simplify our future operating expenses. As a result of these measures, wemodel and cost structure. We incurred pre-tax employee-related severance costs of$42 million and $8 million during the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and $62 million and $34 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, in expenses related to these cost savings initiatives, which are reflected in restructuring and employee severance in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings/(loss).
The following table summarizes activity related to liabilities associated with restructuring and employee severance:
(in millions)
Employee-
Related Costs
 
Facility Exit
and Other Costs
 Total
Balance at June 30, 2019$64
 $8
 $72
Additions56
 8
 64
Payments and other adjustments(21) (3) (24)
Balance at December 31, 2019$99
 $13
 $112

3. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill
The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment and in total:
(in millions)Pharmaceutical Medical Total
Balance at June 30, 2019$2,663
 $5,715
 $8,378
Goodwill acquired, net of purchase price adjustments(5) 
 (5)
Foreign currency translation adjustments and other
 (17) (17)
Balance at December 31, 2019$2,658
 $5,698
 $8,356

Other Intangible Assets
The following tables summarize other intangible assets by class at:
 December 31, 2019
(in millions)
Gross
Intangible
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Intangible
 Weighted- Average Remaining Amortization Period (Years)
Indefinite-life intangibles:       
IPR&D, trademarks and other$22
 $
 $22
 N/A
Total indefinite-life intangibles22
 
 22
 N/A
        
Definite-life intangibles:       
Customer relationships3,550
 1,670
 1,880
 13
Trademarks, trade names and patents673
 318
 355
 13
Developed technology and other1,603
 693
 910
 11
Total definite-life intangibles5,826
 2,681
 3,145
 12
Total other intangible assets$5,848
 $2,681
 $3,167
 N/A




   
23
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
30





Notes to Financial Statements  




during
 June 30, 2019
(in millions)
Gross
Intangible
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Intangible
Indefinite-life intangibles:     
IPR&D, trademarks and other$22
 $
 $22
Total indefinite-life intangibles22
 
 22
      
Definite-life intangibles:     
Customer relationships3,562
 1,517
 2,045
Trademarks, trade names and patents672
 295
 377
Developed technology and other1,602
 616
 986
Total definite-life intangibles5,836
 2,428
 3,408
Total other intangible assets$5,858
 $2,428
 $3,430

Total amortization of intangible assets was $127 million and $133 million for the three and six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, which are reflected in restructuring and employee severance in$256 million and $266 million for the condensed consolidated statements of earnings.
In fiscal 2018, we entered into an agreement to transition the distribution of our Medical segment's surgeon gloves in certain international markets from a third-party distribution arrangement to a direct distribution model. The costs associated with this restructuring included $125 million, on a pre-tax basis, in contract termination costs that were paid during fiscal 2018. These costs are reflected in restructuring and employee severance in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings during the six months ended December 31, 2017.
The following table summarizes activity related to liabilities associated with restructuring2019 and employee severance:
(in millions)
Employee-
Related Costs
 
Facility Exit
and Other Costs
 Total
Balance at June 30, 2018$24
 $4
 $28
Additions34
 7
 41
Payments and other adjustments(19) 
 (19)
Balance at December 31, 2018$39
 $11
 $50
2018, respectively. Estimated annual amortization of intangible assets for the remainder of fiscal 2020 through 2024 is as follows: $258 million, $442 million, $408 million, $358 million and $328 million.
4. DivestituresInvestments
In August 2018, we sold our 98 percent ownership interest in naviHealth Holdings, LLC ("naviHealth") to investor entities controlled by Clayton, Dubilier & Rice in exchange for cash proceeds of $737 million (after adjusting for certain fees and expenses) and a 44 percent equity interest in a partnership that owns 100 percent of the equity interest of naviHealth. We also have certain call rights to reacquire naviHealth. Refer to Note 6We are accounting for further discussion regarding this investment.investment using the equity method of accounting and on a one-month reporting lag.
During the six months ended December 31, 2018, we recognized a pre-tax gain of $508 million related to this divestiture in impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets in our condensed consolidated statementstatements of earnings. This gain includes our initial recognition
The carrying value of an equity methodthis investment for $358was $330 million and $334 million as of December 31, 2019 and June 30, 2019, respectively. During the derecognitionthree and six months ended December 31, 2019, our proportionate share of redeemable noncontrolling interestsnaviHealth’s net loss, which was recorded in other (income)/ expense, net in the condensed consolidated statements of $12 million. The fiscal 2019 tax expense as a result of this transaction will be approximately $130 million. We determined that the sale of the naviHealth business does not meet the criteria to be classified as discontinued operations. The naviHealth business operated within our Medical segment.earnings/(loss), was immaterial.
 
5. GoodwillLeases
We primarily have operating leases for corporate offices, distribution facilities, vehicles, and Other Intangible Assetsequipment. We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception by evaluating whether the arrangement conveys the right to use an identified asset and whether we obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from and have the ability to direct the use of the asset. Our lease agreements generally do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.
GoodwillBeginning July 1, 2019, operating lease right-of-use assets and corresponding operating lease liabilities are recognized in our condensed consolidated balance sheet at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. Operating lease expense for operating lease assets is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our collateralized incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. We use the implicit rate if it is readily determinable.
The following table summarizesOur lease agreements include leases that contain lease components and non-lease components. For all asset classes, we have elected to account for both of these provisions as a single lease component. We also, from time to time, sublease portions of our real estate property, resulting in sublease income. Sublease income and the changesrelated assets and cash flows are not material to the condensed consolidated financial statements at or for the three and six months ended December 31, 2019.
We also have elected to apply a practical expedient for short-term leases whereby we do not recognize a lease liability and right-of-use asset for leases with a term of less than 12 months. Short-term lease expense recognized in the carrying amountthree and six months ended December 31, 2019 was not material. In addition, we elected the package of goodwill by segmentthree practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which include the carry forward of our leases without reassessing 1) whether any contracts are leases or contain leases, 2) lease classification and in total:3) initial direct costs.
Our leases have remaining lease terms from less than 1 year up to approximately 23 years. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain and there is a significant economic incentive to exercise that option.
(in millions)Pharmaceutical Medical Total
Balance at June 30, 2018$2,621
 $5,695
 $8,316
Goodwill acquired, net of purchase price adjustments8
 7
 15
Foreign currency translation adjustments and other(1) (13) (14)
Balance at December 31, 2018$2,628
 $5,689
 $8,317
Other Intangible Assets
The following tables summarize other intangible assets by class at:
 December 31, 2018
(in millions)
Gross
Intangible
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Intangible
 Weighted- Average Remaining Amortization Period (Years)
Indefinite-life intangibles:       
IPR&D, trademarks and other$59
 $
 $59
 N/A
Total indefinite-life intangibles59
 
 59
 N/A
        
Definite-life intangibles:       
Customer relationships3,523
 1,353
 2,170
 14
Trademarks, trade names and patents668
 270
 398
 14
Developed technology and other1,560
 531
 1,029
 11
Total definite-life intangibles5,751
 2,154
 3,597
 13
Total other intangible assets$5,810
 $2,154
 $3,656
 N/A





   
31
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
24





Notes to Financial Statements  




The following table summarizes the components of lease cost:
 June 30, 2018
(in millions)
Gross
Intangible
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
Intangible
Indefinite-life intangibles:     
IPR&D, trademarks and other$62
 $
 $62
Total indefinite-life intangibles62
 
 62
      
Definite-life intangibles:     
Customer relationships3,513
 1,191
 2,322
Trademarks, trade names and patents667
 246
 421
Developed technology and other1,562
 454
 1,108
Total definite-life intangibles5,742
 1,891
 3,851
Total other intangible assets$5,804
 $1,891
 $3,913
 Three Months Ended December 31,Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)20192019
Operating lease cost$30
$61
Finance lease cost



Amortization of right-of-use assets4
8
Total finance lease cost4
8
Variable lease cost(1)
11
12
Total lease cost$45
$81
(1)Primarily includes payments for property taxes, maintenance and insurance.
Total amortization of intangible assets was $133 million and $152 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and $266 million and $287 million for the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively. For acquisitions closed on or before December 31, 2018, estimated annual amortization of intangible assets for the remainder of fiscal 2019 through 2023 is as follows: $264 million, $503 million, $435 million, $400 million and $351 million.The following table summarizes supplemental balance sheet information related to leases:
(in millions)December 31, 2019
Operating Leases 
Operating lease right-of-use assets$404
  
   Current portion of operating lease liabilities102
   Long-term operating lease liabilities324
Total operating lease liabilities426
  
Finance Leases 
Finance lease right-of-use assets14
  
Current portion of finance lease liabilities4
Long-term finance lease liabilities11
Total finance lease liabilities$15

6. Investments
Investments in non-marketable equity securities are accounted for under the fair value, equity or net asset value method of accounting andOperating leases are included in other assets, other accrued liabilities, and deferred income taxes and other liabilities in theour condensed consolidated balance sheets. For equity securities without a readily determinable fair value, we use the fair value measurement alternativesheet. Finance leases are included in property and measure the securities at costequipment, net, current portion of long-term obligations and other short-term borrowings, and long-term obligations, less impairment, if any, including adjustments for observable price changescurrent portion in orderly transactions for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer. For investments in which we can exercise significant influence but do not control, we use the equity method of accounting. Our share of the earnings and losses are recorded in other income, net in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. We closely monitor our investments for other-than-temporary impairment by considering factors such as the operating performance of the investment and current economic and market conditions.
In connection with the naviHealth divestiture discussed in Note 4, we obtained a 44 percent equity interest in a partnership that owns 100 percent of the equity interest of naviHealth. We accounted for this investment initially at its fair value using Level 3 unobservable inputs based on expected sales proceeds following a competitive bidding process. Accordingly, we initially recognized a $358 million equity method investment.
We are accounting for our equity interest in naviHealth using the equity method of accounting on a one-month reporting lag. The impact of our proportionate share of naviHealth's results was not material to our condensed consolidated statements of earnings for the six months ended December 31, 2018. Upon the divestiture closing, we received a non-cash distribution of $14 million in the formbalance sheet.
 
The following tables summarizes supplemental cash flow information related to leases:
 Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:

Operating cash flows paid for operating leases$61
Financing cash flows paid for finance leases3
Non-cash right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations:
New operating leases54
New finance leases17
Amended lease standard adoption impact as of July 1, 2019 (1) 
400
(1)Includes the effect of $22 million from reclassifying deferred rent as an offset to the lease right-of-use asset in accordance with the transition guidance.
Our operating leases had a weighted-average remaining lease term of the partnership's payment for certain6.3 years and a weighted-average discount rate of our divestiture transaction costs directly to the applicable third-party. At2.9 percent.
Future lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of December 31, 2018 the carrying value2019 were as follows:
(in millions)Operating Leases Finance Leases Total
Years Ending December 31,
 
 
Remainder of 2020$59
 $2
 $61
2021108
 6
 114
202289
 4
 93
202367
 4
 71
202447
 1
 48
Thereafter166
 
 166
Total future lease payments536
 17
 553
Less: leases not yet commenced (1) 
61
 
 61
Less: imputed interest49
 2
 51
Total lease liabilities$426
 $15
 $441
(1)As of December 31, 2019, we had certain leases that were executed but did not have control of the underlying assets; therefore, the lease liabilities and right-of-use assets are not recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
The future minimum rental payments for operating leases having initial or remaining non-cancelable lease terms in excess of this investment was $343one year at June 30, 2019 for fiscal 2020 through 2024 and thereafter were as follows: $126 million, $100 million, $76 million, $54 million, $33 million and $94 million.


Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2020 Form 10-Q
32


7.

Notes to Financial Statements


6. Long-Term Obligations and Other Short-Term Borrowings
Long-Term Debt and Other Short-Term Borrowings
At both December 31, 20182019 and June 30, 2018,2019, we had total long termlong-term obligations, including the current portion and other short-term borrowings, of $9.0 billion. $7.9 billion and 8.0 billion, respectively. All the borrowingsnotes represent unsecured obligations of Cardinal Health, Inc. and rank equally in right of payment with all of our existing and future unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness. Interest is paid pursuant to the terms of the obligations. These obligations are effectively subordinated to the liabilities of our subsidiaries, including trade payables of $20.6 billion.21.5 billion at both December 31, 2019 and June 30, 2019.
In November 2019, we repaid the full principal of the 2.4% Notes due 2019 at maturity for $450 million. During the six months ended December 31, 2019, we early repurchased $207 million of the 2.616% Notes due 2022, $10 million of the 3.2% Notes due 2022, $14 million of the Floating Rate Notes due 2022, $81 million of the 3.41% Notes due 2027, $6 million of the 4.6% Notes due 2043, $2 million of the 4.9% Notes due 2045, and $21 million of the 4.368% Notes due 2047. The repurchases were paid for with available cash and other short-term borrowings. In connection with the early debt repurchases, we recorded a $4 million loss on extinguishment of debt.

The following table summarizes long-term obligations and other short-term borrowings at:
(in millions) (1)December 31, 2019 June 30, 2019
2.4% Notes due 2019$
 $450
4.625% Notes due 2020506
 508
2.616% Notes due 2022873
 1,079
3.2% Notes due 2022238
 247
Floating Rate Notes due 2022326
 340
3.2% Notes due 2023553
 551
3.079% Notes due 2024780
 781
3.5% Notes due 2024402
 402
3.75% Notes due 2025497
 494
3.41% Notes due 20271,238
 1,318
4.6% Notes due 2043340
 346
4.5% Notes due 2044342
 342
4.9% Notes due 2045443
 445
4.368% Notes due 2047574
 594
7.0% Debentures due 2026124
 124
Other Obligations (2)698
 10
Total7,934
 8,031
Less: current portion of long-term obligations and other short-term borrowings1,192
 452
   Long-term obligations, less current portion$6,742
 $7,579
(1)Maturities are presented on a calendar year basis.
(2)Includes $458 million outstanding under our commercial paper program and $225 million outstanding under our committed receivables sales facility.
Other Financing Arrangements
In addition to cash and equivalents and operating cash flow, other sources of liquidity include a $2.0 billion commercial paper program backed by a $2.0 billion revolving credit facility. We also have a $1.0 billion committed receivables sales facility.
On November 6, 2018, At December 31, 2019, we increased the maximum consolidated leverage ratio permittedhad $458 million outstanding under our commercial paper program, $225 million outstanding under committed receivables sales facility and no amount outstanding under our revolving credit and committed receivables facilities to provide that, as of the end of any calendar quarter, our maximum consolidated leverage ratio may be no more than 4.25-to-1. The maximum ratio will reduce to 4.00-to-1 infacility.
In September 2019, to 3.75-to-1 in March 2020 and to 3.25-to-1 in September 2020. As of December 31, 2018, we were in compliance with our financial covenants.
In November 2016, we renewed our committed receivables sales facility program through Cardinal Health Funding, LLC (“CHF”) through November 1, 2019.September 30, 2022. CHF was organized forthe sole purpose of buying receivables and selling undivided interests in those receivables to third-party purchasers. Although consolidated with Cardinal Health, Inc. in accordance with GAAP, CHF is a separate legal entity from Cardinal Health, Inc. and from our subsidiary that sells receivables to CHF. CHF is designed to be a special purpose, bankruptcy-remote entity whose assets are available solely to satisfy the claims of its creditors.
8. Income Taxes
FluctuationsOur revolving credit and committed receivables sales facilities require us to maintain, as of the end of every fiscal quarter through December 2020, a consolidated net leverage ratio of no more than 4.00-to-1. The maximum permitted ratio will reduce to 3.75-to-1 in our provision for/(benefit from) income taxes as a percentage of pretax earnings (“effective tax rate”) are generally due to changes in international and U.S. state effective tax rates resulting from our business mix and discrete items.
U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
On December 22, 2017, the United States enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”). The Tax Act made broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code that affected fiscal 2018 and will incrementally affect our fiscal year 2019 financial results in several ways. First, the U.S. statutory tax rate in fiscal 2019 is reduced to 21 percent. Second, the Tax Act established new tax provisions thatMarch 2021




   
2533
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
 





Notes to Financial Statements  



affected us beginning July 1, 2018 including, (1) eliminatingand as of the U.S. manufacturing deduction; (2) establishing new limitations on deductible interest expense and certain executive compensation; (3) eliminating the corporate alternative minimum tax; (4) creating the base erosion anti-abuse tax; (5) creating a new provision designed to tax global intangible low-tax income (“GILTI”) and allow for a deduction related to foreign derived intangible income ("FDII"); (6) generally eliminating U.S. federal income taxes on dividends from foreign subsidiaries; and (7) changing rules related to uses and limitationsend of net operating loss carryforwards created in tax years beginning after every quarter thereafter.As of December 31, 2017.
Regarding the new GILTI tax rules,2019, we elected to treat taxes due on future GILTI inclusionswere in U.S. taxable income as a current period expense when incurred.
In accordancecompliance with SAB 118, we finalized our provisional estimates related to transitional tax benefits (i.e., remeasurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities and the repatriation tax on undistributed foreign earnings) which did not have a significant impact on tax expense during the three and six months ended December 31, 2018. Future adjustments to thethis financial statements may be necessary due to final Section 965 repatriation tax regulations which were issued January 15, 2019 and any additional pending regulatory changes, the impact of which is being currently assessed or will be assessed as final regulations are issued.
Effective Tax Rate
During the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the effective tax rate was 31.0 percent and (231.9) percent, respectively. The change in the effective tax rate from fiscal 2018 to fiscal 2019 is primarily due to transitional tax benefits from the enactment of the Tax Act in fiscal 2018.
During the six months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, the effective tax rate was 23.5 percent and (136.6) percent, respectively. The change in the effective tax rate from fiscal 2018 to fiscal 2019 is primarily due to transitional tax benefits from the enactment of the Tax Act in fiscal 2018. The six months ended December 31, 2018 also included net discrete benefits of $38 million primarily related to international legal entity changes.
The transitional tax benefits from the Tax Act during the three and six months ended December 31, 2017 included a provisional net tax benefit of $935 million related to the remeasurement of our deferred tax assets and liabilities to the new federal statutory rate and a provisional tax expense of $41 million for the one-time repatriation tax applied to our undistributed foreign earnings. Our effective tax rates for the three and six months ended December 31, 2017 also included $57 million of tax expense recognized in connection with the sale of our China distribution business.
Unrecognized Tax Benefits
At December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, we had $496 million and $423 million of unrecognized tax benefits, respectively. The December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018 balances include $333 million and $262 million of unrecognized tax benefits, respectively, that if recognized, would have an impact on the effective tax rate.
At December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, we had $116 million and $110 million, respectively, accrued for the payment of interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, which we recognize in the provision for/(benefit from) income taxes in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. These balances are gross amounts before any tax benefits and are included in deferred income taxes and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
It is reasonably possible that there could be a change in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months due to activities of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") or other taxing authorities, possible settlement of audit issues, reassessment of existing unrecognized tax benefits or the expiration of statutes of limitations. We estimate that the range of the possible change in unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months is between zero and a net decrease of $35 million, exclusive of penalties and interest.
Other Tax Matters
We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, various U.S. state jurisdictions and various foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, we are subject to audit by taxing authorities for fiscal years 2008 through the current fiscal year.
We are a party to a tax matters agreement with CareFusion Corporation ("CareFusion"), which has been acquired by Becton, Dickinson and Company. Under the tax matters agreement, CareFusion is obligated to indemnify us for certain tax exposures and transaction taxes prior to our fiscal 2010 spin-off of CareFusion. The indemnification receivable was $156 million and $151 million at December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, respectively, and is included in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
As a result of the acquisition of the Patient Recovery Business, Medtronic plc is obligated to indemnify us for certain tax exposures and transaction taxes related to periods prior to the acquisition under the purchase agreement. The indemnification receivable was $23 million and $21 million at December 31, 2018 and June 30, 2018, respectively, and is included in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet.covenant.
9.7. Commitments, Contingent Liabilities and Litigation
Commitments
Generic Sourcing Venture with CVS Health Corporation ("CVS Health")
In July 2014, we established Red Oak Sourcing, LLC ("Red Oak Sourcing") is, a U.S.-based generic pharmaceutical sourcing venture with CVS Health for an initial term through June 2024.of 10 years. Red Oak Sourcing negotiates generic pharmaceutical supply contracts on behalf of its participants. Due to the achievement of predetermined milestones, we are required to make quarterly payments of $45.6 million to CVS Health for the initial term.




Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2019 Form 10-Q
26



Notes to Financial Statements

New York Opioid Stewardship Act
In April 2018, the State of New York passed a budget which included the Opioid Stewardship Act (the "OSA"). The OSA created an aggregate $100 million annual assessment on all manufacturers and distributors licensed to sell or distribute opioids in New York. Under the OSA, each licensed manufacturer and distributor would be required to pay a portionremainder of the assessment based on its ratable share, as determined by the state, of the total morphine milligram equivalents sold or distributed in New York during the applicable calendar year, beginning in 2017.
In October, we received notices from the New York Department of Health of our estimated payment amount for calendar year 2017. At September 30, 2018, we recorded an aggregate accrual of $34 million for calendar year 2017 and the first three quarters of calendar 2018 based on the estimated payment amount, which reflected our best estimate of the OSA payments owed through September 30, 2018. In December 2018, the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York ruled that the OSA is unconstitutional and enjoined its enforcement (the "Ruling"). In January 2019, the State filed notice of its intent to appeal the Ruling. We accrue for contingencies if it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be estimated. As a result of the Ruling, in the three-months ended December 31, 2018, we reversed this accrual because we no longer believe it is probable that a liability has been incurred.initial term.
Legal Proceedings
We become involved from time to time in disputes, litigation and regulatory matters.
We may beare named from time to time in qui tam actions initiated by private third parties. In such actions, the private parties purport to act on behalf of federal or state governments, allege that false claims have been submitted for payment by the government and may receive an award if their claims are successful. After a private party has filed a qui tam action, the government must investigate the private party's claim and determine whether to intervene in and take control over the litigation. These actions may remain under seal while the government makes this determination. If the government declines to intervene, the private party may nonetheless continue to pursue the litigation on his or her own purporting to act on behalf of the government.government.
From time to time, we become aware through employees, internal audits or other parties of possible compliance matters, such as complaints or concerns relating to accounting, internal accounting controls, financial reporting, auditing, or other ethical matters or relating to compliance with laws such as healthcare fraud and abuse, anti-corruption or anti-bribery laws. When we become aware of such possible compliance matters, we investigate internally and take appropriate corrective action. In addition, from time to time, we receive subpoenas or requests for information from various federal or state agencies relating to our business or to the business of a customer, supplier or other industry participants. Internal investigations, subpoenas or requests for information couldhave led, and may in the future lead, to the assertion of claims or the commencement of legal proceedings
against us or result in sanctions.
From time to time, we may determine that products we manufacture or market do not meet our specifications, regulatory requirements, or published standards. When we or a regulatory agency identify a potential quality or regulatory issue, we investigate and take appropriate corrective action. Such actions can lead to product recalls, costs to repair or replace affected products, temporary interruptions in product sales, action by regulators and product
liability claims and lawsuits, including class actions. Even absent an identified regulatory or quality issue or product recall, we can become subject to product liability claims and lawsuits.
We accrue for contingencies related to disputes, litigation and regulatory matters if it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Because these matters are inherently unpredictable and unfavorable developments or resolutions can occur, assessing contingencies is highly subjective and requires judgments about future events. We regularly review contingencies to determine whether our accruals and related disclosures are adequate. The amount of ultimate loss may differ from these estimates. Except as otherwise disclosed in this footnote, it is not possible for us to reasonably estimate the amount of any possible loss or range of possible losses in the matters described below.
We recognize income from the favorable outcome of litigation when we receive the associated cash or assets.
We recognize estimated loss contingencies for certain litigation and regulatory matters and income from favorable resolution of litigation in litigation (recoveries)/charges in our condensed consolidated statements of earnings.
Opioid Lawsuits and Investigations
Pharmaceutical wholesale distributors, including us, have been named as defendants in over 1,500approximately 3,000 lawsuits relating to the distribution of prescription opioid pain medications. These lawsuits have been filed in various federal, state, and other courts by a variety of plaintiffs, primarily counties, municipalities and other political subdivisions. Plaintiffs also include 10 state attorneys general, unions and other health and welfare funds, hospital systems and other healthcare providers, as well as individuals. Of these lawsuits, 56 are purported class actions. The lawsuits seek equitable relief and monetary damages based on a variety of legal theories including various common law claims, such as negligence, public nuisance, negligence and unjust enrichment as well as violations of controlled substance laws, the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act and various other statutes. ManyThese lawsuits also name pharmaceutical manufacturers, retail pharmacy chains and other entities as defendants.
States & Political Subdivisions
Approximately 2,500 of these lawsuits have been filed by counties, municipalities, cities and political subdivisions in various federal, state, and other courts. The vast majority of these lawsuits were filed in U.S. federal court and have been transferred for consolidated pre-trial proceedings in a Multi-District Litigation proceeding in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio. The court, among other things, ordered that three lawsuits be set for trial in October 2019. Ohio (the “MDL”).
In December 2018, the court denied distributor defendants' motions to dismiss the complaints associated with those lawsuits. In connection with these proceedings, distributors have continued to engage in preliminary discussions with various parties, includingaddition, 23 state attorneys general regarding possible resolution structures.
have filed lawsuits against distributors, including us, in various state courts. A trial in New York for cases brought by the New York Attorney General and Nassau and Suffolk counties is scheduled to begin in March 2020.


27
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2019 Form 10-Q



Notes to Financial Statements

In addition, 39Additionally, 43 state attorneys general have formed a multi-state task force to investigate the manufacturing, distribution, dispensing and prescribing practices of opioid medications. We have received requests related to thisthe multi-state investigation, as well as separate civil investigative demands, subpoenas or requests for information from these and other state attorneys general offices.offices and governmental authorities.
In October 2019, we agreed in principle to a global settlement framework with a leadership group of state attorneys general that is


Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2020 Form 10-Q
34



Notes to Financial Statements

designed to resolve all pending and future opioid lawsuits and claims by states and political subdivisions (the "Settlement Framework"). This Settlement Framework is subject to contingencies and uncertainties as to final terms, but is the basis for our negotiation of definitive terms and documentation.
The Settlement Framework includes (1) a cash component, pursuant to which we would pay up to $5.56 billion over eighteen years, (2) development and participation in a program for free or rebated distribution of opioid abuse treatment medications for a period of ten years, and (3) industry-wide changes to be specified to controlled substance anti-diversion programs. Final terms for a settlement pursuant to the Settlement Framework continue to be negotiated, and there is no assurance that the necessary parties will agree to a definitive settlement agreement or that the contingencies to any agreement will be satisfied. In connection with these matters, in the six months ended December 31, 2019, we accrued$5.56 billion, included in deferred income taxes and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, which represents the cash component. We are unable to reasonably estimate the liability associated with the other components of the Settlement Framework, the potential distribution of treatment medications and any incremental costs for changes to our controlled substance anti-diversion program that we may agree to.
In the six months ended December 31, 2019, we along with two other national distributors entered into a $215 million settlement with two Ohio counties, Cuyahoga and Summit, to resolve all claims in the first bellwether trial in the MDL, which had been set for trial for October 2019. In connection with this settlement, we accrued $66 million in the six months ended December 31, 2019. This accrual is included in other accrued liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
In connection with these matters, we recorded a total pre-tax charge of $5.63 billion ($5.14 billion after tax) during the six months ended December 31, 2019 in litigation (recoveries)/charges, net, in the condensed consolidated statement of earnings for the cash component. Because loss contingencies are inherently unpredictable and unfavorable developments or resolutions can occur, the assessment is highly subjective and requires judgments about future events. We will regularly review these opioid litigation matters to determine whether our accrual is adequate. The amount of ultimate loss may differ materially from this accrual. We continue to strongly dispute the allegations made in these lawsuits and reaching an agreement in principle on a global settlement framework is not an admission of liability or wrongdoing.
Private Plaintiffs
The Settlement Framework does not address claims by private plaintiffs, which includes unions and other health and welfare funds, hospital systems and other healthcare providers, businesses and individuals. Private plaintiffs had brought approximately 365 lawsuits as of February 4, 2020. Of these, 105 are purported class actions. The causes of action asserted by these plaintiffs are similar to those asserted by public plaintiffs. We will continue to vigorously defend ourselves in these matters.
Department of Justice Investigations
We have received grand jury subpoenas issued on behalf of the District Courts for the Eastern District of New York and the District of Columbia seeking documents and, in the District of Columbia, testimony, related to our anti-diversion policies and procedures, and our distribution of certain controlled substances. We are cooperating with the offices conducting these investigations.requests.
We are vigorously defending ourselves in all of these opioid-related matters. Given the uncertainty surrounding these lawsuits and investigations, we are unable to predict their outcome or estimate a range of reasonably possible losses.
Cordis Product Liability Lawsuits
As of January 31, 2019,February 4, 2020, we are named as a defendant in 212299 product liability lawsuits coordinated in Alameda County Superior Court in California involving claims by approximately 2,3943,773 plaintiffs that allege personal injuries associated with the use of Cordis OptEase and TrapEase inferior vena cava (IVC) filter products. Another 22 similar29 lawsuits involving similar claims by approximately 2435 plaintiffs are pending in other jurisdictions. These lawsuits seek a variety of remedies, including unspecified monetary damages. We are vigorously defending ourselves in these lawsuits.
At December 31, 20182019, we had a total of $302$441 million net of estimated insurance recoveries, accrued for losses and legal defense costs related to the Cordis IVC filter lawsuits which are presented on a gross basis in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.lawsuits. We believe there is a range of estimated losses with respect to these matters. Because no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other amount within the range, we have accrued the minimum amount in the range. We estimate the high end of the range to be approximately $519$885 million.
Shareholder Securities Litigation
In August 2019, the Louisiana Sheriffs' Pension & Relief Fund filed a purported class action complaint against Cardinal Health and certain current and former officers and employees in the United States District Court for the Southern District of Ohio purportedly on behalf of all purchasers of our common shares between March 2015 and May 2018. The complaint alleges that the defendants violated Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 by making misrepresentations and omissions related to the integration of the Cordis business and inventory and supply chain problems within the Cordis business, and seeks to recover unspecified damages and equitable relief for the alleged misstatements and omissions. We believe that the claims asserted in this complaint are without merit and intend to vigorously defend against them.
Surgical Gown Recalls
In January, 2020, we issued a voluntary recall for 9.1 million AAMI Level 3 surgical gowns and two voluntary field actions (a recall of some packs and a corrective action allowing overlabeling of other packs) for 2.9 million Presource Procedure Packs containing affected gowns (together, the "Recalls"). These Recalls were necessary because we discovered in December 2019 that one of our FDA-registered suppliers in China had shifted production of some gowns to unapproved sites with uncontrolled environments. Because of this, we could not assure sterility of the gowns.
In connection with these Recalls, in the three months ended December 31, 2019, we recorded a total charge of $96 million, of which $56 million is within cost of products sold and $40 million is


35
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2020 Form 10-Q



Notes to Financial Statements

within SG&A in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. In our condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2019, we had $38 million reserved within inventories, net, and $58 million included in other accrued liabilities related to this charge. This charge represents our best estimate of estimated insurance recoveries.costs for the Recalls and include inventory write-off costs and certain remediation and supply disruption costs, such as costs to replace recalled products. Because loss contingencies are inherently unpredictable and unfavorable developments or resolutions can occur, the assessment is highly subjective and requires judgments about future events. The amount of ultimate loss may differ materially from this accrual.
In addition to the charge for the three months ended December 31, 2019, we expect that the Recalls will have other negative impacts, which could include: government investigations and enforcement actions by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration or other regulators or U.S. or international governmental bodies (possibly resulting in product seizures, additional recalls, the issuance of safety alerts, the suspension or revocation of the authority to produce, distribute and sell products and other civil or criminal sanctions); losses due to patient claims, including product liability claims and lawsuits; and customer claims unrelated to their direct costs from the supply disruption. We are not currently able to reasonably estimate the amount of any possible loss or range of possible losses for any of these potential claims or actions.
Other Civil Litigation
Generic Pharmaceutical Antitrust Litigation Proceeds
We receivedIn December 2019, pharmaceutical distributors including us were added as defendants in a civil multidistrict litigation consisting of multiple individual and recognized income resulting from settlements of class action lawsuits filed by indirect purchasers of generic drugs, such as hospitals and retail pharmacies. The plaintiffs allege that pharmaceutical distributors encouraged manufacturers to increase prices, provided anti-competitive pricing information to manufacturers and informed manufacturers that they wished to maintain current customer allocations for the purpose of avoiding price erosion. We intend to vigorously defend ourselves in which we were a class member of $47 millionthese matters.
Blood Pressure Medication Recall Litigation
Many participants in the three-months endedpharmaceutical supply chain, including manufacturers, repackagers (including us), distributors (including us), and retailers have been named as defendants in Multidistrict Litigation in the U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey (the “Blood Pressure Medication Recall MDL”), which was created in February 2019. The claims arise out of a series of recalls of generic blood pressure medications due to alleged impurities in active pharmaceutical ingredients. In December 31, 2018.2019, two additional medications were added to the Blood Pressure Medication Recall MDL. In January 2020, manufacturers recalled another medication and the FDA continues to investigate other drugs for possible recall. We intend to vigorously defend ourselves in these matters.
 
10.8. Income Taxes
Fluctuations in our provision for/(benefit from) income taxes as a percentage of pretax earnings (“effective tax rate”) are generally due to changes in international and U.S. state effective tax rates resulting from our business mix and discrete items.
Opioid Settlement Framework
In connection with the $5.63 billion pre-tax charge for the opioid litigation, during the six months ended December 31, 2019 we recorded a tax benefit of $487 million, which is net of unrecognized tax benefits of $468 million, reflecting our current assessment of the estimated future deductibility of the amount that may be paid. We have made reasonable estimates and recorded amounts based on management's judgment and our current understanding of the Tax Act; however, these estimates require significant judgment since the definitive settlement terms and documentation, including provisions related to deductibility, under the Settlement Framework have not been negotiated and the U.S. tax law governing deductibility was changed by the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("Tax Act"). Further, it is possible that the tax authorities could challenge our interpretation of the Tax Act or the estimates and assumptions used to assess the future deductibility of these benefits. The actual amount of the tax benefit related to uncertain tax positions may differ materially from these estimates. See Note 7 for more information regarding these matters.
Effective Tax Rate
During the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the effective tax rate was 21.0 percent and 31.0 percent, respectively. The change in the effective tax rate from prior period is primarily due to the favorable impact from changes in jurisdictional mix and discrete items recognized in the second quarter of fiscal 2020, largely driven by changes as a result of tax reform.
During the six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the effective tax rate was 7.2 percent and 23.5 percent, respectively. The change in the effective tax rate from fiscal 2019 to fiscal 2020 is primarily due to the net effects of the Settlement Framework.
Unrecognized Tax Benefits
At December 31, 2019 and June 30, 2019, we had $940 million and $456 million of unrecognized tax benefits, respectively. The December 31, 2019 and June 30, 2019 balances include $791 million and $303 million of unrecognized tax benefits, respectively, that if recognized, would have an impact on the effective tax rate.
At December 31, 2019 and June 30, 2019, we had $132 million and $122 million, respectively, accrued for the payment of interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, which we recognize in the provision for/(benefit from) income taxes in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings/(loss). These balances are gross amounts before any tax benefits and are included in deferred income taxes and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
It is reasonably possible that there could be a change in the amount of unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months due to


Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2020 Form 10-Q
36



Notes to Financial Statements

activities of the U.S. Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") or other taxing authorities, possible settlement of IRS and other audit issues, reassessment of existing unrecognized tax benefits or the expiration of statutes of limitations. We estimate that the range of the possible change in unrecognized tax benefits within the next 12 months is between 0 and a net decrease of up to $350 million, exclusive of penalties and interest.
Other Tax Matters
We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, various U.S. state jurisdictions and various foreign jurisdictions. With few exceptions, we are subject to audit by taxing authorities for fiscal years 2008 through the current fiscal year. Tax laws are complex and subject to varying interpretations. Tax authorities have challenged some of our tax positions, including IRS challenges to our international transfer pricing for the periods from 2008 to 2014, and it is possible that they will challenge others. These challenges may adversely affect our effective tax rate or tax payments.
We are a party to a tax matters agreement with CareFusion Corporation ("CareFusion"), a subsidiary of Becton, Dickinson and Company. Under the tax matters agreement, CareFusion is obligated to indemnify us for certain tax exposures and transaction taxes prior to our fiscal 2010 spin-off of CareFusion. The indemnification receivable was $171 million and $165 million at December 31, 2019 and June 30, 2019, respectively, and is included in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
As a result of the acquisition of the Patient Recovery Business, Medtronic plc is obligated to indemnify us for certain tax exposures and transaction taxes related to periods prior to the acquisition under the purchase agreement. The indemnification receivable was $21 million and $22 million at December 31, 2019 and June 30, 2019, respectively, and is included in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet.
Future adjustments to the financial statements may be necessary as final tax regulations related to U.S. Tax Reform are issued. We will assess any impact as additional guidance is issued.
9. Fair Value Measurements
Assets and (liabilities) measured on a recurring basis
The following tables present the fair values for assets and (liabilities) measured on a recurring basis at:
December 31, 2018December 31, 2019
(in millions)Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 TotalLevel 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets:              
Cash equivalents$199
 $
 $
 $199
Other investments (1)$106
 $
 $
 $106
116
 
 
 116
Liabilities:       
Forward contracts (2)
 (30) 
 (30)
Forward Contracts (2)
 73
 
 73
 June 30, 2019
(in millions)Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets:       
Other investments (1)$118
 $
 $
 $118
Forward Contracts (2)
 53
 
 53
 June 30, 2018
(in millions)Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Assets:       
Cash equivalents$200
 $
 $
 $200
Other investments (1)117
 
 
 117
Liabilities:       
Forward contracts (2)
 (76) 
 (76)

(1)The other investments balance includes investments in mutual funds, which are used to offset fluctuations in deferred compensation liabilities. These mutual funds invest in the equity securities of companies with both large and small market capitalization and high quality fixed income debt securities. The fair value of these investments is determined using quoted market prices.
(2)The fair value of interest rate swaps, foreign currency contracts, and commodity contracts, and net investment hedges is determined based on the present value of expected future cash flows considering the risks involved, including non-performance risk, and using discount rates appropriate for the respective maturities. Observable Level 2 inputs are used to determine the present value of expected future cash flows. The fair value of these derivative contracts, which are subject to master netting arrangements under certain circumstances, is presented on a gross basis in prepaid expenses and other, other assets, other accrued liabilities, and deferred income taxes and other liabilities within the condensed consolidated balance sheets.
11.10. Financial Instruments
We utilize derivative financial instruments to manage exposure to certain risks related to our ongoing operations. The primary risks managed through the use of derivative instruments include interest rate risk, currency exchange risk, and commodity price risk. We do not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes. While the majority of our derivative instruments are designated as hedging instruments, we also enter into derivative instruments that are designed to hedge a risk, but are not designated as hedging instruments. These derivative instruments are adjusted to fair value through earnings at the end of each period. We are exposed to counterparty credit risk on all of our derivative instruments. Accordingly, we have established and maintain strict counterparty credit guidelines and only enter into derivative instruments with major financial institutions that are rated investment grade or better. We do not have significant exposure to any one counterparty and we believe the risk of loss is remote. Additionally, we do not require collateral under these agreements.




   
37
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
28





Notes to Financial Statements  


Interest Rate Risk Management
We are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes. Our objective is to manage the impact of interest rate changes on cash flows and the market value of our borrowings. We utilize a mix of debt maturities along with both fixed-rate and variable-rate debt to manage changes in interest rates. In addition, we enter into interest rate swaps to further manage our exposure to interest rate variations related to our borrowings and to lower our overall borrowing costs.
Currency Exchange Risk Management
We conduct business in several major international currencies and are subject to risks associated with changing foreign exchange rates. Our objective is to reduce volatility in earnings, cash flow and net investments in certain subsidiaries to allow management to focus its attention on business operations. Accordingly, we enter into various contracts that change in value as foreign exchange rates change to protect the value of existing foreign currency assets and liabilities, commitments and anticipated foreign currency revenue and expenses.
Commodity Price Risk Management
We are exposed to changes in the price of certain commodities. Our objective is to reduce earnings and cash flow volatility associated with forecasted purchases of these commodities to allow management to focus its attention on business operations. Accordingly, we enter into derivative contracts when possible to manage the price risk associated with certain forecasted purchases.
Fair Value Hedges
We enter into pay-floating interest rate swaps to hedge the changes in the fair value of fixed-rate debt resulting from fluctuations in interest rates. These contracts are designated and qualify as fair value hedges. Accordingly, the gain or loss recorded on the pay-floating interest rate swaps is directly offset by the change in fair value of the underlying debt. Both the derivative instrument and the underlying debt are adjusted to market value at the end of each period with any resulting gain or loss recorded in interest expense in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. For the three and six months ended December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, there was no0 gain or loss recorded to interest expense as changes in the market value of our derivative instruments offset changes in the market value of the underlying debt.
During the six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, no new pay-floating interest rate swaps were executed. DuringIn connection with the six months ended December 31, 2017, we entered intodebt redemption as described in Note 6, two pay-floating interest rate swaps with a total notional amountamounts of $350 million. These swaps have been designated as fair value hedges of our fixed rate debt and are included in other assets$200 million matured in the condensed consolidated balance sheet.second quarter of fiscal 2020.
Cash Flow Hedges
We enter into derivative instruments to hedge our exposure to changes in cash flows attributable to interest rate, foreign currency and commodity price fluctuations associated with certain forecasted transactions.
These derivative instruments are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges. Accordingly, the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is reported as a component of other comprehensive incomeincome/(loss) and reclassified into earnings in the
same line item associated with the forecasted transaction and in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings.
During the six months ended December 31, 2019, we entered into forward interest rate swaps with a total notional amount of $100 million to hedge probable, but not firmly committed, future transactions associated with our debt.
Gains and losses recognized in accumulated other comprehensive loss and reclassified into earnings were immaterial for the three and six months ended December 31, 20182019 and 2017.
2018. All gains and losses currently included within accumulated other comprehensive loss associated with our foreign exchange forward contracts that are expected to be reclassified into net earnings within the next 12 months are immaterial.
Net Investment Hedges
We hedge the foreign currency risk associated with certain net investment positions in Europeanforeign subsidiaries. To accomplish this, we enter into cross-currency swaps that are designated as hedges of net investments.
In August 2019, we entered into a ¥64.0 billion ($600 million) cross-currency swap maturing in 2022.
In September 2018, we entered into a €200 million ($233 million) cross-currency swap maturing in 2023.
Cross-currency swaps designated as net investment hedges are marked-to-market using the current spot exchange rate as of the end of the period, with gains and losses included in the foreign currency translation component of accumulated other comprehensive lossincome/(loss) until the sale or substantial liquidation of the underlying net investments. To the extent the cross-currency swaps designated as net investment hedges are not highly effective, changes in carrying value attributable to the change in spot rates are recorded in earnings. During the quarter ended December 31, 2018, there were no gains or losses from net investment hedges recorded in other comprehensive income. There was no ineffectiveness in our net investment hedges during the six months ended December 31, 2018.2019.
Economic (Non-Designated) Hedges
We enter into foreign currency contracts to manage our foreign exchange exposure related to sales transactions, intercompany financing transactions and other balance sheet items subject to revaluation that do not meet the requirements for hedge accounting treatment. Accordingly, these derivative instruments are adjusted to current market value at the end of each period through earnings. The gain or loss recorded on these instruments is substantially offset by the remeasurement adjustment on the foreign currency denominated asset or liability. The settlement of the derivative instrument and the remeasurement adjustment on the foreign currency denominated asset or liability are both recorded in other income,(income)/expense, net. We recorded ana $7 million and $8 million expense and $1 million income induring the six months ended December 31, 20182019 and 2017,2018, respectively. The principal currencies managed through foreign currency contracts are the Euro,euro, Canadian dollar, British pound, Japanese yen, and Chinese renminbi.




   
29
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
38





Notes to Financial Statements  


Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of cash and equivalents, trade receivables, accounts payable and other accrued liabilities at December 31, 20182019 and June 30, 20182019 approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities.
The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of our long-term obligations and other short-term borrowings compared to the respective carrying amounts at:
(in millions)December 31, 2019 June 30, 2019
Estimated fair value$8,078
 $8,065
Carrying amount7,934
 8,031
(in millions)December 31, 2018 June 30, 2018
Estimated fair value$8,717
 $8,852
Carrying amount9,049
 9,013

The fair value of our long-term obligations and other short-term borrowings is estimated based on either the quoted market prices for the same or similar issues or other inputs derived from available market information, which represents a Level 2 measurement.
12.11. Shareholders' Equity
During the six months ended December 31, 2019, we repurchased 7.3 million common shares having an aggregate cost of $350 million. The average price paid per common share was $48.00. These repurchases were made under an accelerated share repurchase ("ASR") program, which began on August 20, 2019 and was completed on December 4, 2019.
During the six months ended December 31, 2018, we repurchased 11.5 million common shares having an aggregate cost of $600 million. The average price paid per common share was $52.32. These repurchases were purchased under an accelerated share repurchase ("ASR") program, which began on August 16, 2018 and was completed on October 25, 2018.
During the six months ended December 31, 2017, we repurchased 2.2 million common shares having an aggregate cost of $150 million. The average price paid per common share was $67.92.
We funded the repurchases with available cash and short-term borrowings. The common shares repurchased are held in treasury to be used for general corporate purposes.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The following table summarizes the changes in the balance of accumulated other comprehensive loss by component and in total:
(in millions)
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Unrealized
Gain/(Loss) on
Derivatives,
net of tax
 
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Balance at June 30, 2018$(113) $21
 $(92)
Other comprehensive income/(loss), before reclassifications(29) 
 (29)
Amounts reclassified to earnings
 (2) (2)
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax(29) (2) (31)
Balance at December 31, 2018$(142) $19
 $(123)
(in millions)
Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments
 
Unrealized
Gain/(Loss) on
Derivatives,
net of tax
 
Accumulated Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Balance at June 30, 2019$(95) $16
 $(79)
Other comprehensive loss, before reclassifications(18) 
 (18)
Amounts reclassified to earnings
 (6) (6)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax(18) (6) (24)
Balance at December 31, 2019$(113) $10
 $(103)

 
13.12. Earnings Per Share Attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc.
The following table reconciles the number of common shares used to compute basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to Cardinal Health, Inc.:
Three Months Ended December 31,Three Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 20172019 2018
Weighted-average common shares–basic299
 315
292
 299
Effect of dilutive securities:      
Employee stock options, restricted share units and performance share units1
 1
2
 1
Weighted-average common shares–diluted300
 316
294
 300
 Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2019 2018
Weighted-average common shares–basic294
 302
Effect of dilutive securities:   
Employee stock options, restricted share units and performance share units
 1
Weighted-average common shares–diluted294
 303

 Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017
Weighted-average common shares–basic302
 315
Effect of dilutive securities:   
Employee stock options, restricted share units and performance share units1
 2
Weighted-average common shares–diluted303
 317
The potentially dilutive employee stock options, restricted share units and performance share units that were antidilutiveanti-dilutive were 5 million and 74 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and 5 million2019 and 6 million for the six months ended December 31, 20182019 (1 million of which would be anti-dilutive as a result of the year-to-date net loss).
The potentially dilutive employee stock options, restricted share units and 2017, respectively.performance share units that were anti-dilutive were 5 million during both three months and six months ended December 31, 2018.
14.13. Segment Information
Our operations are principally managed on a products and services basis and are comprised of two2 operating segments, which are the same as our reportable segments: Pharmaceutical and Medical. The factors for determining the reportable segments include the manner in which management evaluates performance for purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance combined with the nature of the individual business activities.
Revenue
Our Pharmaceutical segment distributes branded and generic pharmaceutical, specialty pharmaceutical and over-the-counter healthcare and consumer products in the United States. This segment also provides services to pharmaceutical manufacturers and healthcare providers to support the development, marketing and distribution offor specialty pharmaceutical products; operates nuclear pharmacies and radiopharmaceutical manufacturing facilities; provides pharmacy management services to hospitals as well as medication therapy management and patient outcomes services to hospitals, other healthcare providers and payers; and repackages generic pharmaceuticals and over-the-counter healthcare products.
Our Medical segment manufactures, sources and distributes Cardinal Health branded medical, surgical and laboratory products,




   
39
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
30





Notes to Financial Statements  






Our Medical segment manufactures, sources and distributes Cardinal Health branded medical, surgical and laboratory products, which are sold in the United States, Canada, Europe, Asia and other markets. In addition to distributing Cardinal Health branded products, this segment also distributes a broad range of national brand products and provides supply chain services and solutions to hospitals, ambulatory surgery centers, clinical laboratories and other healthcare providers in the United States and Canada. This segment also distributes medical products to patients' homes in the United States through our Cardinal Health at-Home Solutions division.
Revenue
The following table presentstables present revenue for each reportable segment and disaggregated revenue within our two reportable segments and Corporate:
Three Months Ended December 31,Three Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 20172019 2018
Pharmaceutical$33,740
 $31,146
Medical4,006
 4,044
Pharmaceutical Distribution and Specialty Solutions (1) (2)$35,501
 $33,534
Nuclear and Precision Health Solutions213
 206
Pharmaceutical segment revenue35,714
 33,740
Medical distribution and products (3)3,498
 3,527
Cardinal Health at-Home Solutions525
 479
Medical segment revenue4,023
 4,006
Total segment revenue37,746
 35,190
39,737
 37,746
Corporate (1)(6) (4)
Corporate (4)(2) (6)
Total revenue$37,740
 $35,186
$39,735
 $37,740
 Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2019 2018
Pharmaceutical Distribution and Specialty Solutions (1) (2)$68,713
 $64,742
Nuclear and Precision Health Solutions429
 413
Pharmaceutical segment revenue69,142
 65,155
Medical distribution and products (3)6,944
 6,907
Cardinal Health at-Home Solutions996
 900
Medical segment revenue7,940
 7,807
  Total segment revenue77,082
 72,962
Corporate (4)(6) (9)
Total revenue$77,076
 $72,953
 Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017
Pharmaceutical$65,155
 $60,066
Medical7,807
 7,768
Total segment revenue72,962
 67,834
Corporate (1)(9) (7)
Total revenue$72,953
 $67,827

(1)Corporate revenue consists of the elimination of inter-segment revenueProducts and other revenue not allocatedservices offered by our Specialty Solutions division are referred to the segments.as “specialty pharmaceutical products and services."
The following table presents disaggregated revenue within our two reportable segments:
 Three months ended December 31, 2018 Six months ended December 31, 2018
(in millions)   
Pharmaceutical distribution and specialty$33,534
 $64,742
Nuclear and Precision Health Solutions (1)206
 413
Pharmaceutical segment revenue33,740
 65,155
Medical distribution and products (2)3,527
 6,907
Cardinal Health At Home479
 900
Medical segment revenue4,006
 7,807
  Total segment revenue37,746
 72,962
Corporate (3)(6) (9)
Total revenue$37,740
 $72,953
(1)(2)OurComprised of all Pharmaceutical segment businesses except for Nuclear and Precision Health Solutions division was formerly referred to as our Nuclear Pharmacy Services division.
(2)(3)Comprised of all Medical segment businesses except for Cardinal Health At Homeat-Home Solutions division.
(3)(4)Corporate revenue consists of the elimination of inter-segment revenue and other revenue not allocated to the segments.
 
The following table presentstables present revenue by geographic area:
Three months ended December 31, 2018 Six months ended December 31, 2018Three Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)   2019 2018
United States$36,716
 $70,960
$38,670
 $36,716
International1,030
 2,002
1,067
 1,030
Total segment revenue37,746
 72,962
39,737
 37,746
Corporate (1)(6) (9)(2) (6)
Total revenue$37,740
 $72,953
$39,735
 $37,740
 Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2019 2018
United States$74,980
 $70,960
International2,102
 2,002
  Total segment revenue77,082
 72,962
Corporate (1)(6) (9)
Total revenue$77,076
 $72,953
(1)Corporate revenue consists of the elimination of inter-segment revenue and other revenue not allocated to the segments.
Segment Profit
We evaluate segment performance based on segment profit, among other measures. Segment profit is segment revenue, less segment cost of products sold, less segment distribution, selling, general and administrative ("SG&A&A") expenses. Segment SG&A expenses include share-based compensation expense as well as allocated corporate expenses for shared functions, including corporate management, corporate finance, financial, and customer care shared services, human resources, information technology, and legal and compliance.compliance, including certain litigation defense costs. Corporate expenses are allocated to the segments based on headcount, level of benefit provided and other ratable allocation methodologies. The results attributable to noncontrolling interests are recorded within segment profit.
We do not allocate the following items to our segments: last-in first-out, or ("LIFO"), inventory charges/(credits); surgical gown recall costs; restructuring and employee severance; amortization and other acquisition-related costs; impairments and (gain)/loss on disposal of assets; litigation (recoveries)/charges, net; state opioid assessment related to prior fiscal years; other (income)/expense, net; interest expense, net; loss on extinguishment of debt; and provision for/(benefit from)for income taxes.


Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2020 Form 10-Q
40



Notes to Financial Statements



In addition, certain investment spending, certain portions of enterprise-wide incentive compensation and other spending are not allocated to the segments. Investment spending generally includes the first-year spend for certain projects that require incremental investments in the form of additional operating expenses. Because approval for these projects is dependent on executive management, we retain these expenses at Corporate. Investment spending within Corporate was $12$17 million and $6$12 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 2017, respectively,$20 million and $19 million and $11 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
In connection with the opioid litigation as discussed further in Note 7, we recognized a pre-tax charge of $5.63 billion during the six months ended December 31, 2019, which was retained at Corporate.
In connection with the surgical gown recall as discussed further in Note 7, we recognized a pre-tax charge of $96 million during the three and 2017, respectively.six months ended December 31, 2019, which was retained at Corporate.
In connection with the naviHealth divestiture, discussed in Note 4, we recognized a pre-tax gain of $508 million during the six months ended December 31, 2018, which was retained at Corporate.


31
Cardinal Health | Q2Fiscal 2019 Form 10-Q



Notes to Financial Statements



The following table presentstables present segment profit by reportable segment and Corporate:
Three Months Ended December 31,Three Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 20172019 2018
Pharmaceutical$443
 $514
$462
 $443
Medical188
 220
195
 188
Total segment profit631
 734
657
 631
Corporate(127) (335)(323) (127)
Total operating earnings$504
 $399
$334
 $504
 Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2019 2018
Pharmaceutical$860
 $851
Medical365
 323
Total segment profit1,225
 1,174
Corporate(6,155) 146
Total operating earnings/(loss)$(4,930) $1,320
 Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017
Pharmaceutical$851
 $981
Medical323
 348
Total segment profit1,174
 1,329
Corporate146
 (668)
Total operating earnings$1,320
 $661

The following table presents total assets for each reportable segment and Corporate at:
(in millions)December 31,
2019
 June 30,
2019
Pharmaceutical$23,143
 $22,446
Medical15,490
 15,284
Corporate2,409
 3,233
Total assets$41,042
 $40,963

(in millions)December 31,
2018
 June 30,
2018
Pharmaceutical$22,101
 $21,421
Medical15,697
 16,066
Corporate2,664
 2,464
Total assets$40,462
 $39,951
15.14. Share-Based Compensation
We maintain stock incentive plans (collectively, the “Plans”) for the benefit of certain of our officers, directors and employees.
The following table provides total share-based compensation expense by type of award:
 Three Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2019 2018
Restricted share unit expense$16
 $16
Employee stock option expense1
 2
Performance share unit expense4
 4
Total share-based compensation$21
 $22

Three Months Ended December 31,Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 20172019 2018
Restricted share unit expense$16
 $16
$33
 $30
Employee stock option expense2
 5
2
 6
Performance share unit expense4
 2
6
 5
Total share-based compensation$22
 $23
$41
 $41

 Six Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)2018 2017
Restricted share unit expense$30
 $34
Employee stock option expense6
 10
Performance share unit expense5
 (4)
Total share-based compensation$41
 $40
The total tax benefit related to share-based compensation was $4$3 million and $5$4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 2017, respectively,$7 million and $8 million and $11 million for the six months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, respectively.
Restricted Share Units
Restricted share units granted under the Plans generally vest in equal annual installments over three years. Restricted share units accrue cash dividend equivalents that are payable upon vesting of the awards.
The following table summarizes all transactions related to restricted share units under the Plans:
(in millions, except per share amounts)Restricted Share Units 
Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair
Value per Share
Restricted Share Units 
Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair
Value per Share
Nonvested at June 30, 20182
 $71.58
Nonvested at June 30, 20192
 $51.65
Granted2
 50.46
2
 42.40
Vested(1) 75.19
(1) 60.37
Canceled and forfeited
 

 
Nonvested at December 31, 20183
 $52.23
Nonvested at December 31, 20193
 $46.49
At December 31, 2018,2019, the total pre-tax compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to nonvested restricted share units not yet recognized was $106$110 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of two years.
Stock Options
Employee stock options granted under the Plans generally vest in equal annual installments over three years and are exercisable for ten years from the grant date. All stock options are exercisable at a price equal to the market value of the common shares underlying the option on the grant date.
The following table summarizes all stock option transactions under the Plans:
(in millions, except per share amounts)
Stock
Options
 
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price per
Common Share
Outstanding at June 30, 20187
 $64.50
Granted
 
Exercised
 
Canceled and forfeited
 
Outstanding at December 31, 20187
 $64.05
Exercisable at December 31, 20186
 $62.92
At December 31, 2018, the total pre-tax compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to nonvested stock options not yet recognized was $9 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of one year. The following tables provide additional detail related to stock options:



   
41
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
32





Notes to Financial Statements  




(in millions)December 31, 2018 June 30, 2018
Aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding options at period end$6
 $13
Aggregate intrinsic value of exercisable options at period end6
 13
The following table summarizes all stock option transactions under the Plans:
(in millions, except per share amounts)
Stock
Options
 
Weighted-Average
Exercise Price per
Common Share
Outstanding at June 30, 20196
 $63.78
Granted
 
Exercised
 
Canceled and forfeited
 
Outstanding at December 31, 20196
 $63.52
Exercisable at December 31, 20196
 $63.43

(in years)December 31, 2018 June 30, 2018
Weighted-average remaining contractual life of outstanding options6 7
Weighted-average remaining contractual life of exercisable options6 5
At December 31, 2019, the total pre-tax compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to nonvested stock options not yet recognized was $2 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of one year.
The following tables provide additional detail related to stock options:
(in millions)December 31, 2019 June 30, 2019
Aggregate intrinsic value of outstanding options at period end$14
 $10
Aggregate intrinsic value of exercisable options at period end14
 10
(in years)December 31, 2019 June 30, 2019
Weighted-average remaining contractual life of outstanding options5 5
Weighted-average remaining contractual life of exercisable options5 5

Performance Share Units
Performance share units vest over a three-year3-year performance period based on achievement of specific performance goals. Based on the extent to which the targets are achieved, vested shares may range from zero0 to 200240 percent of the target award amount. Performance share units accrue cash dividend equivalents that are payable upon vesting of the awards.
The following table summarizes all transactions related to performance share units under the Plans (based on target award amounts):
(in millions, except per share amounts)
Performance
Share Units
 
Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair
Value per Share
Nonvested at June 30, 20190.9
 $51.45
Granted0.6
 43.68
Vested(0.1) 48.40
Canceled and forfeited(0.1) 50.58
Nonvested at December 31, 20191.3
 $52.71

(in millions, except per share amounts)
Performance
Share Units
 
Weighted-Average
Grant Date Fair
Value per Share
Nonvested at June 30, 20180.4
 $66.13
Granted0.4
 50.90
Vested (1)(0.1) 84.27
Canceled and forfeited
 
Nonvested at December 31, 20180.6
 $51.09
The sum of the components may not equal the total due to rounding.
(1)No payout was made because the threshold performance goal was not met.
At December 31, 2018,2019, the total pre-tax compensation cost, net of estimated forfeitures, related to nonvested performance share units not yet recognized was $22$28 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of two years if targets are achieved.




   
33
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
42





Exhibits  


Exhibits
Exhibit
Number
Exhibit Description
3.1
3.2
10.1
10.2
10.3
10.4
10.4
31.1
31.2
32.1
99.1
101.INSInline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104Cover Page Interactive Data File - formatted in Inline XBRL (included as Exhibit 101)
Cardinal Health Website
Cardinal Health uses its website as a channel of distribution for material company information. Important information, including news releases, financial information, earnings and analyst presentations and information about upcoming presentations and events is routinely posted and accessible at ir.cardinalhealth.com. In addition, the website allows investors and other interested persons to sign up automatically to receive e-mail alerts when the company posts news releases, SEC filings and certain other information on its website.




   
43
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
34





Form 10-Q Cross Reference Index  






Form 10-Q Cross Reference Index
Item Number Page
   
 Part I. Financial Information 
Item 1
Item 2
Item 3
Item 4
   
 Part II. Other Information 
Item 1
Item 1A
Item 2
Item 3Defaults Upon Senior SecuritiesN/A
Item 4Mine Safety DisclosuresN/A
Item 5Other InformationN/A
Item 6
 
N/ANot applicable 








   
35
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
44





Additional Information  


Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
  Cardinal Health, Inc.
   
Date:February 7, 20196, 2020/s/ MICHAEL C. KAUFMANN
  Michael C. Kaufmann
  Chief Executive Officer
   
  /s/ JORGE M. GOMEZDAVID C. EVANS
  Jorge M. GomezDavid C. Evans
  Chief Financial Officer






   
45
Cardinal Health |Q2Fiscal 20192020 Form 10-Q
36