UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)


☑			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
			For the quarterly period ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022
			OR
☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.

Commission File Number 1-14443

Gartner, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware									04-3099750
(State or other jurisdiction of									(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)									Identification Number)

P.O. Box 10212									06902-7700
56 Top Gallant Road									(Zip Code)
Stamford,
Connecticut
(Address of principal executive offices)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (203) 316-1111

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.0005 par value per share	IT	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☑

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

As of April ~~30, 2021, 86,076,529~~29, 2022, 80,539,048 shares of the registrant’s common shares were outstanding.

Table of Contents


			Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021			3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021			4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income ~~(Loss)~~ for the Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021			5
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in ~~Stockholders'~~Stockholders ’ Equity for the Three Months Ended March ~~31, 2021~~ 3 1 , 202 2 and ~~2020~~202 1			6
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March ~~31, 2021~~ 3 1 , 202 2 and ~~2020~~202 1			7
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements			8
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS			2324
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK			3536
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES			3637
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS			3738
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS			3738
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS			3738

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS			3839

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited; in thousands, except share data)


		March 31,		December 31,			March 31,		December 31,
		2021		2020			2022		2021
Assets	Assets					Assets
Current assets:	Current assets:					Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	445,995	$	712,583	Cash and cash equivalents	$	456,175	$	756,493
Fees receivable, net of allowances of $9,000 and $10,000, respectively		1,175,426		1,241,508
Fees receivable, net of allowances of $8,000 and $6,500, respectively						Fees receivable, net of allowances of $8,000 and $6,500, respectively	1,326,398		1,365,180
Deferred commissions	Deferred commissions	257,956		259,755		Deferred commissions	360,093		380,569
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	Prepaid expenses and other current assets	118,479		109,212		Prepaid expenses and other current assets	131,263		117,838
Total current assets	Total current assets	1,997,856		2,323,058		Total current assets	2,273,929		2,620,080
Property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net	Property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net	322,610		336,765		Property, equipment and leasehold improvements, net	258,364		273,562
Operating lease right-of-use assets	Operating lease right-of-use assets	633,796		647,283		Operating lease right-of-use assets	513,290		548,258
Goodwill	Goodwill	2,943,500		2,945,547		Goodwill	2,949,321		2,951,317
Intangible assets, net	Intangible assets, net	777,441		806,998		Intangible assets, net	684,529		714,418
Other assets	Other assets	262,655		256,316		Other assets	306,020		308,689
Total Assets	Total Assets	$	6,937,858	$	7,315,967	Total Assets	$	6,985,453	$	7,416,324
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity					Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:	Current liabilities:					Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	703,439	$	952,431	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	832,290	$	1,134,814
Deferred revenues	Deferred revenues	2,088,463		1,974,548		Deferred revenues	2,421,726		2,238,035
Current portion of long-term debt	Current portion of long-term debt	20,519		20,515		Current portion of long-term debt	6,400		5,931
Total current liabilities	Total current liabilities	2,812,421		2,947,494		Total current liabilities	3,260,416		3,378,780
Long-term debt, net of deferred financing fees	Long-term debt, net of deferred financing fees	1,949,078		1,958,286		Long-term debt, net of deferred financing fees	2,456,166		2,456,833
Operating lease liabilities	Operating lease liabilities	765,125		780,166		Operating lease liabilities	677,616		697,766
Other liabilities	Other liabilities	519,640		539,593		Other liabilities	473,102		511,887
Total Liabilities	Total Liabilities	6,046,264		6,225,539		Total Liabilities	6,867,300		7,045,266
Stockholders’ Equity	Stockholders’ Equity					Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; NaN issued or outstanding		0		0
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding						Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 5,000,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding	—		—
Common stock, $0.0005 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized; 163,602,067 shares issued for both periods	Common stock, $0.0005 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized; 163,602,067 shares issued for both periods	82		82		Common stock, $0.0005 par value, 250,000,000 shares authorized; 163,602,067 shares issued for both periods	82		82
Additional paid-in capital	Additional paid-in capital	2,003,473		1,968,930		Additional paid-in capital	2,107,596		2,074,896
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net	Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net	(93,178)		(99,228)		Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net	(82,811)		(81,431)
Accumulated earnings	Accumulated earnings	2,419,567		2,255,467		Accumulated earnings	3,221,542		3,049,027
Treasury stock, at cost, 76,519,765 and 74,759,985 common shares, respectively		(3,438,350)		(3,034,823)
Treasury stock, at cost, 82,358,309 and 81,205,504 common shares, respectively						Treasury stock, at cost, 82,358,309 and 81,205,504 common shares, respectively	(5,128,256)		(4,671,516)
Total Stockholders’ Equity	Total Stockholders’ Equity	891,594		1,090,428		Total Stockholders’ Equity	118,153		371,058
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	6,937,858	$	7,315,967	Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	6,985,453	$	7,416,324

See the accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(Unaudited; in thousands, except per share data)


		Three Months Ended				Three Months Ended
		March 31,				March 31,
		2021		2020				2022		2021
Revenues:	Revenues:						Revenues:
Research	Research	$	979,732	$	909,291		Research	$	1,136,380	$	979,732
Conferences	Conferences	24,802		13,870			Conferences	10,354		24,802
Consulting	Consulting	99,504		95,730			Consulting	116,006		99,504

Total revenues	Total revenues	1,104,038		1,018,891			Total revenues	1,262,740		1,104,038
Costs and expenses:	Costs and expenses:						Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development	Cost of services and product development	334,467		341,278			Cost of services and product development	377,033		334,467
Selling, general and administrative	Selling, general and administrative	487,255		496,639			Selling, general and administrative	617,904		487,255
Depreciation	Depreciation	25,750		22,517			Depreciation	23,201		25,750
Amortization of intangibles	Amortization of intangibles	30,514		32,179			Amortization of intangibles	25,148		30,514
Acquisition and integration charges	Acquisition and integration charges	640		1,560			Acquisition and integration charges	2,207		640
Total costs and expenses	Total costs and expenses	878,626		894,173			Total costs and expenses	1,045,493		878,626
Operating income	Operating income	225,412		124,718			Operating income	217,247		225,412
Interest expense, net	Interest expense, net	(26,149)		(26,349)			Interest expense, net	(31,394)		(26,149)

Other income (expense), net		15,490		(1,515)

Other income, net							Other income, net	29,206		15,490
Income before income taxes	Income before income taxes	214,753		96,854			Income before income taxes	215,059		214,753
Provision for income taxes	Provision for income taxes	50,653		21,757			Provision for income taxes	42,544		50,653
Net income	Net income	$	164,100	$	75,097		Net income	$	172,515	$	164,100

Net income per share:	Net income per share:						Net income per share:
Basic	Basic	$	1.86	$	0.84		Basic	$	2.10	$	1.86
Diluted	Diluted	$	1.84	$	0.83		Diluted	$	2.08	$	1.84
Weighted average shares outstanding:	Weighted average shares outstanding:						Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic	Basic	88,352		89,219			Basic	82,020		88,352
Diluted	Diluted	89,139		90,066			Diluted	82,973		89,139

See the accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income ~~(Loss)~~

(Unaudited; in thousands)


		Three Months Ended				Three Months Ended
		March 31,				March 31,
		2021		2020				2022		2021
Net income	Net income	$	164,100	$	75,097		Net income	$	172,515	$	164,100
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:							Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	Foreign currency translation adjustments	677		(46,381)			Foreign currency translation adjustments	(6,798)		677
Interest rate swaps – net change in deferred gain or loss	Interest rate swaps – net change in deferred gain or loss	5,270		(44,732)			Interest rate swaps – net change in deferred gain or loss	5,370		5,270
Pension plans – net change in deferred actuarial loss	Pension plans – net change in deferred actuarial loss	103		79			Pension plans – net change in deferred actuarial loss	48		103
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		6,050		(91,034)
Comprehensive income (loss)		$	170,150	$	(15,937)
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax							Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax	(1,380)		6,050
Comprehensive income							Comprehensive income	$	171,135	$	170,150

See the accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

(Unaudited; in thousands)

~~Three Months Ended March 31, 2021~~

Common Stock Additional Paid-In Capital Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net Accumulated Earnings Treasury Stock Total
Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 82 $ 1,968,930 $ (99,228) $ 2,255,467 $ (3,034,823) $ 1,090,428
Net income — — — 164,100 — 164,100
Other comprehensive income — — 6,050 — — 6,050
Issuances under stock plans — (1,543) — — 6,923 5,380
Common share repurchases — — — — (410,450) (410,450)
Stock-based compensation expense — 36,086 — — — 36,086
Balance at March 31, 2021 $ 82 $ 2,003,473 $ (93,178) $ 2,419,567 $ (3,438,350) $ 891,594

~~Three Months Ended March 31, 2020~~


Three Months Ended March 31, 2022														Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
		Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net		Accumulated Earnings		Treasury Stock		Total			Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net		Accumulated Earnings		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance at December 31, 2019		$	82	$	1,899,273	$	(77,938)	$	1,988,722	$	(2,871,546)	$	938,593
Balance at December 31, 2021														Balance at December 31, 2021	$	82	$	2,074,896	$	(81,431)	$	3,049,027	$	(4,671,516)	$	371,058
Net income	Net income	—		—		—		75,097		—		75,097		Net income	—		—		—		172,515		—		172,515
Other comprehensive loss	Other comprehensive loss	—		—		(91,034)		—		—		(91,034)		Other comprehensive loss	—		—		(1,380)		—		—		(1,380)
Issuances under stock plans	Issuances under stock plans	—		(1,794)		—		—		7,448		5,654		Issuances under stock plans	—		579		—		—		6,385		6,964
Common share repurchases	Common share repurchases	—		—		—		—		(63,164)		(63,164)		Common share repurchases	—		—		—		—		(463,125)		(463,125)
Stock-based compensation expense	Stock-based compensation expense	—		25,129		—		—		—		25,129		Stock-based compensation expense	—		32,121		—		—		—		32,121
Balance at March 31, 2020		$	82	$	1,922,608	$	(168,972)	$	2,063,819	$	(2,927,262)	$	890,275
Balance at March 31, 2022														Balance at March 31, 2022	$	82	$	2,107,596	$	(82,811)	$	3,221,542	$	(5,128,256)	$	118,153


Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
	Common Stock		Additional Paid-In Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net		Accumulated Earnings		Treasury Stock		Total
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	82	$	1,968,930	$	(99,228)	$	2,255,467	$	(3,034,823)	$	1,090,428
Net income	—		—		—		164,100		—		164,100
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		6,050		—		—		6,050
Issuances under stock plans	—		(1,543)		—		—		6,923		5,380
Common share repurchases	—		—		—		—		(410,450)		(410,450)
Stock-based compensation expense	—		36,086		—		—		—		36,086
Balance at March 31, 2021	$	82	$	2,003,473	$	(93,178)	$	2,419,567	$	(3,438,350)	$	891,594

See the accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited; in thousands)


		Three Months Ended					Three Months Ended
		March 31,					March 31,
		2021		2020			2022		2021
Operating activities:	Operating activities:					Operating activities:
Net income	Net income	$	164,100	$	75,097	Net income	$	172,515	$	164,100
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:	Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:					Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	Depreciation and amortization	56,264		54,696		Depreciation and amortization	48,349		56,264
Stock-based compensation expense	Stock-based compensation expense	36,086		25,129		Stock-based compensation expense	32,121		36,086
Deferred taxes	Deferred taxes	3,883		25,537		Deferred taxes	(7,502)		3,883

Loss on impairment of lease related assets, net						Loss on impairment of lease related assets, net	23,878		—
Reduction in the carrying amount of operating lease right-of-use assets	Reduction in the carrying amount of operating lease right-of-use assets	18,575		22,862		Reduction in the carrying amount of operating lease right-of-use assets	17,951		18,575
Amortization and write-off of deferred financing fees	Amortization and write-off of deferred financing fees	923		1,637		Amortization and write-off of deferred financing fees	1,133		923

Gain on de-designated swaps	Gain on de-designated swaps	(15,765)		0		Gain on de-designated swaps	(29,896)		(15,765)
Changes in assets and liabilities:	Changes in assets and liabilities:					Changes in assets and liabilities:
Fees receivable, net	Fees receivable, net	54,192		135,661		Fees receivable, net	30,700		54,192
Deferred commissions	Deferred commissions	(237)		17,520		Deferred commissions	18,909		(237)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(9,933)		(12,656)		Prepaid expenses and other current assets	(13,596)		(9,933)
Other assets	Other assets	(10,081)		5,961		Other assets	(1,082)		(10,081)
Deferred revenues	Deferred revenues	131,786		(26,228)		Deferred revenues	195,306		131,786
Accounts payable and accrued and other liabilities	Accounts payable and accrued and other liabilities	(272,495)		(269,467)		Accounts payable and accrued and other liabilities	(321,001)		(272,495)
Cash provided by operating activities	Cash provided by operating activities	157,298		55,749		Cash provided by operating activities	167,785		157,298
Investing activities:	Investing activities:					Investing activities:
Additions to property, equipment and leasehold improvements	Additions to property, equipment and leasehold improvements	(12,521)		(24,536)		Additions to property, equipment and leasehold improvements	(17,293)		(12,521)

Cash used in investing activities	Cash used in investing activities	(12,521)		(24,536)		Cash used in investing activities	(17,293)		(12,521)
Financing activities:	Financing activities:					Financing activities:
Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan	Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan	5,357		5,641		Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan	6,949		5,357

Proceeds from revolving credit facility		0		27,000

Payments on revolving credit facility	Payments on revolving credit facility	(5,000)		0		Payments on revolving credit facility	—		(5,000)
Payments on borrowings	Payments on borrowings	(5,127)		(27,967)		Payments on borrowings	(1,331)		(5,127)
Purchases of treasury stock	Purchases of treasury stock	(398,450)		(73,164)		Purchases of treasury stock	(451,070)		(398,450)
Cash used in financing activities	Cash used in financing activities	(403,220)		(68,490)		Cash used in financing activities	(445,452)		(403,220)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(258,443)		(37,277)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash						Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	(294,960)		(258,443)
Effects of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents	Effects of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents	(8,145)		(15,709)		Effects of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents	(5,358)		(8,145)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		712,583		280,836
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period		$	445,995	$	227,850
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period						Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	760,602		712,583
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period						Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	460,284	$	445,995

See the accompanying notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

GARTNER, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

Note 1 — Business and Basis of Presentation

Business. Gartner, Inc. (NYSE: IT) ~~is the world’s leading research~~ delivers actionable, objective insight to executives and ~~advisory company and a member of the S&P 500. We equip business leaders with indispensable insights, advice~~their teams. Our expert guidance and tools ~~to achieve their mission–~~enable faster, smarter decisions and stronger performance on an organization’s mission critical priorities today and build the successful organizations of tomorrow. We believe our unmatched combination of expert-led, practitioner-sourced and data-driven research steers clients toward the right decisions on the issues that matter most. We are a trusted advisor and an objective resource for more than 14,000 enterprises in more than 100 countries — across all major functions, in every industry and enterprise size.priorities.

Segments. Gartner delivers its products and services globally through 3 business segments: Research, Conferences and Consulting. Revenues and other financial information for our segments are discussed in Note 57 — Segment Information.

Basis of presentation. The accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”), as defined in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 270 for interim financial information and with the applicable instructions of U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X on Form 10-Q, and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes of the Company in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

The fiscal year of Gartner is the twelve-month period from January 1 through December 31. In the opinion of management, all normal recurring accruals and adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows at the dates and for the periods presented herein have been included. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 may not be indicative of the results of operations for the remainder of ~~2021~~2022 or beyond. When used in these notes, the terms “Gartner,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our” refer to Gartner, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Principles of consolidation. The accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Use of estimates. The preparation of the accompanying interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions about future events. These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amounts of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Such estimates include the valuation of fees receivable, goodwill, intangible assets and other long-lived assets, as well as tax accruals and other liabilities. In addition, estimates are used in revenue recognition, income tax expense or benefit, performance-based compensation charges, depreciation and amortization. Management believes its use of estimates in these interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements to be reasonable.

Management continually evaluates and revises its estimates using historical experience and other factors, including the general economic environment and actions it may take in the future. Management adjusts these estimates when facts and circumstances dictate. However, these estimates may involve significant uncertainties and judgments and cannot be determined with precision. In addition, these estimates are based on management’s best judgment at a point in time. As a result, differences between estimates and actual results could be material and would be reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements in future periods.

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash. Below is a table presenting the beginning-of-period and end-of-period cash amounts from the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and the total cash amounts presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands).


	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	456,175	$	756,493
Restricted cash classified in (1):
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	4,109		4,109

Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	460,284	$	760,602

(1)Restricted cash consists of escrow accounts established in connection with certain of the Company’s business acquisitions. Generally, such cash is restricted to use due to provisions contained in the underlying stock or asset purchase agreement. The Company will disburse the restricted cash to the sellers of the businesses upon satisfaction of any contingencies described in such agreements (e.g., potential indemnification claims, etc.).

Revenue recognition. Revenue is recognized in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC Topic 606”). Revenue is only recognized when all of the required criteria for revenue recognition have been met. The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations present revenue net of any sales or value-added taxes that we collect from customers and remit to government authorities. ASC Topic 270 requires certain disclosures in interim financial statements around the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. Note 24 — Revenue and Related Matters provides additional information regarding the Company’s revenues.

Adoption of new accounting standards. The Company adopted the accounting standard described below during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

~~Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes~~Business Combinations —In ~~December 2019,~~October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. ~~2019-12,~~2021-08, ~~Income Taxes—Simplifying the~~Business Combinations, Accounting for ~~Income Taxes~~Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (“ASU No. ~~2019-12”~~2021-08”). ASU No. ~~2019-12~~2021-08 provides ~~new~~ guidance for a business combination on how to ~~simplify~~recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities from revenue contracts with customers and other contracts that apply the ~~accounting~~provisions of ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Specifically, the proposed amendments would require that an entity (acquirer) recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC Topic 606. Generally, this would result in an acquirer recognizing and measuring the acquired contract assets and contract liabilities consistent with how they were recognized and measured in the acquiree’s financial statements (if the acquiree prepared financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP). The rule will be effective for ~~income taxes in certain areas, changes the accounting for select income tax transactions and makes minor ASC improvements. Gartner adopted ASU No. 2019-12~~public entities on January 1, ~~2021. The~~2023, with early adoption ofpermitted. Gartner has elected to adopt ASU No. ~~2019-12 did~~2021-08 effective January 1, 2022. ASU No. 2021-08 will not ~~have a material~~ impact acquired contract assets or liabilities from business combinations occurring prior to January 1, 2022, and the impact in future periods will depend on the ~~Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.~~contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in future business combinations.

Accounting standards issued but not yet adopted. The FASB has issued accounting standards that have not yet become effective and may impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements or related disclosures in future periods. Those standards and their potential impact are discussed below.

Accounting standard effective immediately upon voluntary election by Gartner

Reference Rate Reform — In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform—Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting (“ASU No. 2020-04”). ASU No. 2020-04 provides that an entity can elect not to apply certain required modification accounting in U.S. GAAP to contracts where all changes to the critical terms relate to reference rate reform (e.g., the expected discontinuance of LIBOR and the transition to an alternative reference interest rate, etc.). In addition, the rule provides optional expedients and exceptions that enable entities to continue to apply hedge accounting for hedging relationships where one or more of the critical terms change due to reference rate reform. The rule became effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 and will generally no longer be available to apply after December 31, 2022. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of ASU No. 2020-04 on its consolidated financial statements, including the rule’s potential impact on any debt modifications or other contractual changes in the future that may result from reference rate reform.

Accounting standard effective later in 2022

Government Assistance — In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832), Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance (“ASU No. 2021-10”).ASU No, 2021-10 requires business entities to annually disclose information about certain government assistance they receive. The rule will be effective for public entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. The adoption of ASU No. 2021-10 is currently not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statement disclosures.

Note 2 — ~~Revenue and Related Matters~~Acquisition

~~Disaggregated Revenue~~On June 17, 2021, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding capital stock of Pulse Q&A Inc. (“Pulse”), a privately-held company based in San Francisco, California, for an aggregate purchase price of $29.1 million. ~~— The Company’s disaggregated revenue by reportable segment~~Pulse is ~~presented in the tables below for the periods indicated (in thousands).~~a technology-enabled community platform.

~~By Primary Geographic Market(1)~~

~~Three Months Ended March 31,~~During 2021,

Primary Geographic Market Research Conferences Consulting Total
United States and Canada $ 631,333 $ 19,599 $ 57,486 $ 708,418
Europe, Middle East and Africa 230,201 2,713 30,362 263,276
Other International 118,198 2,490 11,656 132,344
Total revenues $ 979,732 $ 24,802 $ 99,504 $ 1,104,038

~~Three Months Ended March 31, 2020~~

Primary Geographic Market Research Conferences Consulting Total
United States and Canada $ 590,156 $ 5,980 $ 54,163 $ 650,299
Europe, Middle East and Africa 205,939 2,147 30,082 238,168
Other International 113,196 5,743 11,485 130,424
Total revenues $ 909,291 $ 13,870 $ 95,730 $ 1,018,891

~~(1)Revenue is reported~~ the Company paid $22.9 million in cash for Pulse after considering the cash acquired with the business, amounts held in escrow and certain other purchase price adjustments at closing. In addition to the purchase price, the Company may also be required to pay up to $4.5 million in cash in the future based on ~~where~~ the ~~sale is fulfilled.~~

~~The Company’s revenue is generated primarily through direct sales to clients by domestic and international sales forces and a network~~continuing employment of independent international sales agents. Most of the Company’s products and services are provided on an integrated worldwide basis and, because of this integrated delivery approach, it is not practical to precisely separate the Company'scertain key employees. Such

~~revenue by geographic location. Accordingly, revenue information presented~~amount will be recognized as compensation expense over three years and reported in Acquisition and integration charges in the ~~above tables is based on internal allocations, which involve certain management estimates and judgments.~~

~~By Timing~~Condensed Consolidated Statements of ~~Revenue Recognition~~

~~Three Months Ended March 31, 2021~~

Timing of Revenue Recognition Research Conferences Consulting Total
Transferred over time (1) $ 894,087 $ 0 $ 84,342 $ 978,429
Transferred at a point in time (2) 85,645 24,802 15,162 125,609
Total revenues $ 979,732 $ 24,802 $ 99,504 $ 1,104,038

~~Three Months Ended March 31, 2020~~

Timing of Revenue Recognition Research Conferences Consulting Total
Transferred over time (1) $ 829,212 $ 0 $ 81,408 $ 910,620
Transferred at a point in time (2) 80,079 13,870 14,322 108,271
Total revenues $ 909,291 $ 13,870 $ 95,730 $ 1,018,891

~~(1)~~Research revenues were recognized in connection with performance obligations that were satisfied over time using a time-elapsed output method to measure progress. Consulting revenues were recognized over time using labor hours as an input measurement basis.

~~(2)The revenues in this category were recognized in connection with performance obligations that were satisfied at the point in time that the contractual deliverables were provided to the customer.~~

~~Performance Obligations~~ — For customer contracts that are greater than one year in duration, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of March 31, 2021 was approximately $3.6 billion. The Company expects to recognize $1,705.5 million, $1,443.1 million and $424.5 million of this revenue (most of which pertains to Research) during the remainder of 2021, the year ending December 31, 2022 and thereafter, respectively. The Company applies a practical expedient that is permitted under ASC Topic 606 and, accordingly, it does not disclose such performance obligation information for customer contracts that have original durations of one year or less. The Company’s performance obligations for contracts meeting this ASC Topic 606 disclosure exclusion primarily include: (i) stand-ready services under Research subscription contracts; (ii) holding conferences and meetings where attendees and exhibitors can participate; and (iii) providing customized Consulting solutions for clients under fixed fee and time and materials engagements. The remaining duration of these performance obligations is generally less than one year, which aligns with the period that the parties have enforceable rights and obligations under the affected contracts.

~~Customer Contract Assets and Liabilities~~ — The timing of the recognition of revenue and the amount and timing of the Company’s billings and cash collections, including upfront customer payments, result in the recognition of both assets and liabilities on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. The table below provides information regarding certain of the Company’s balance sheet accounts that pertain to its contracts with customers (in thousands).

March 31, December 31,
2021 2020
Assets:
Fees receivable, gross (1) $ 1,184,426 $ 1,251,508
Contract assets recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets (2) $ 19,883 $ 14,440
Contract liabilities:
Deferred revenues (current liability) (3) $ 2,088,463 $ 1,974,548
Non-current deferred revenues recorded in Other liabilities (3) 25,852 26,754
Total contract liabilities $ 2,114,315 $ 2,001,302

~~(1)Fees receivable represent an unconditional right to payment from the Company’s customers and include both billed and unbilled amounts.~~

~~(2)~~Contract assets represent recognized revenue for which the Company does not have an unconditional right to payment as of the balance sheet date because the project may be subject to a progress billing milestone or some other billing restriction.

~~(3)~~Deferred revenues represent amounts (i) for which the Company has received an upfront customer payment or (ii) that pertain to recognized fees receivable. Both situations occur before the completion of the Company’s performance obligation(s).Operations.

The Company ~~recognized revenue~~recorded $31.0 million of ~~$726.7~~goodwill and finite-lived intangible assets for Pulse and $1.9 million ~~and $658.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, that was attributable to deferred revenues that were recorded at the beginning~~ of ~~each such period. Those amounts primarily consisted of (i) Research revenues that were recognized ratably as control~~liabilities on a net basis. The allocation of the ~~goods or services passed~~purchase price is preliminary with respect to the customer and (ii) Conferences revenue pertaining to conferences and meetings that occurred during the reporting periods. During each of the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company did not record any material impairments related to its contract assets. The Company does not typically recognize revenue from performance obligations satisfied in prior periods.certain tax matters.

Note 3 ~~— Computation of Earnings Per Share~~

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of Common Stock outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution of securities that could share in earnings. Potential shares of common stock are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share when their effect would be anti-dilutive.

~~The table below sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted income per share for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share data).~~

Three Months Ended
March 31,
2021 2020
Numerator:
Net income used for calculating basic and diluted income per share $ 164,100 $ 75,097
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares used in the calculation of basic income per share 88,352 89,219
Dilutive effect of outstanding awards associated with stock-based compensation plans (1) 787 847
Shares used in the calculation of diluted income per share 89,139 90,066
Basic income per share $ 1.86 $ 0.84
Diluted income per share $ 1.84 $ 0.83

~~(1)~~Certain potential shares of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted income per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. These potential shares of common stock totaled approximately 0.4 million and 0.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

~~Note 4 — Stock-Based Compensation~~

The Company grants stock-based compensation awards as an incentive for employees and directors to contribute to the Company’s long-term success. The Company currently awards stock-settled stock appreciation rights, service-based and performance-based restricted stock units, and common stock equivalents. As of March 31, 2021, the Company had 4.0 million shares of its common stock, par value $0.0005 per share, (the “Common Stock”) available for stock-based compensation awards under its current Long-Term Incentive Plan as amended and restated in January 2019 (the “Plan”).

~~The tables below summarize the Company’s stock-based compensation expense by award type and expense category line item during the periods indicated (in millions).~~

Three Months Ended
March 31,
Award type 2021 2020
Stock appreciation rights $ 2.0 $ 1.7
Restricted stock units (2) 33.9 23.2
Common stock equivalents 0.2 0.2
Total (1) $ 36.1 $ 25.1

Three Months Ended
March 31,
Expense category line item 2021 2020
Cost of services and product development $ 13.7 $ 12.1
Selling, general and administrative 22.4 13.0
Total (1) (2) $ 36.1 $ 25.1

(1) Includes charges of $21.5 million and $11.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for awards to retirement-eligible employees. Those awards vest on an accelerated basis.

(2) On February 5, 2020, prior to the COVID-19 related shutdown in the U.S., the Compensation Committee (“Committee”) of the Board of Directors of the Company established performance measures for the performance-based restricted stock units (the “PSUs”) awarded to the Company’s executive officers in 2020 under the Plan. Based on preliminary corporate performance results for the 2020 performance measures, the 2020 PSUs would have been earned at 50% of target. However, on February 3, 2021, the Committee determined to use its discretion under the Plan to approve a payout at 95% of target. In deciding to exercise this discretion to adjust the performance-based RSU payout, the Committee considered the Company’s strong overall performance in 2020 despite the significant negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the modification, the Company recognized $6.5 million of incremental compensation cost during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

~~Note 5 — Segment Information~~

~~The Company’s products and services are delivered through 3 segments – Research, Conferences and Consulting, as described below.~~

•~~Research~~ provides trusted, objective insights and advice on the mission-critical priorities of leaders across all functional areas of an enterprise through reports, briefings, proprietary tools, access to our research experts, peer networking services and membership programs that enable our clients to drive organizational performance.

•~~Conferences~~ provides business professionals across an organization the opportunity to learn, share and network. From our Gartner Symposium/Xpo series, to industry-leading conferences focused on specific business roles and topics, to peer-driven sessions, our offerings enable attendees to experience the best of Gartner insight and advice.

•~~Consulting~~ combines the power of Gartner market-leading research with custom analysis and on-the-ground support to help chief information officers and other senior executives driving technology-related strategic initiatives move confidently from insight to action.

The Company evaluates segment performance and allocates resources based on gross contribution margin. Gross contribution, as presented in the tables below, is defined as operating income or loss excluding certain Cost of services and product development expenses, Selling, general and administrative expenses, Depreciation, Amortization of intangibles, and Acquisition and integration charges. Certain bonus and fringe benefit costs included in consolidated Cost of services and product development are not allocated to segment expense. The accounting policies used by the reportable segments are the same as those used by the Company. There are 0 intersegment revenues. The Company does not identify or allocate assets, including capital expenditures, by reportable segment. Accordingly, assets are not reported by segment because the information is not available by segment and is not reviewed in the evaluation of segment performance or in making decisions regarding the

~~allocation of resources.~~

~~The tables below present information about the Company’s reportable segments for the periods indicated (in thousands).~~

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 Research Conferences Consulting Consolidated
Revenues $ 979,732 $ 24,802 $ 99,504 $ 1,104,038
Gross contribution 724,372 13,896 39,098 777,366
Corporate and other expenses (551,954)
Operating income $ 225,412

Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 Research Conferences Consulting Consolidated
Revenues $ 909,291 $ 13,870 $ 95,730 $ 1,018,891
Gross contribution 653,469 (6,060) 29,382 676,791
Corporate and other expenses (552,073)
Operating income $ 124,718

~~The table below provides a reconciliation of total segment gross contribution to net income for the periods indicated (in thousands).~~

Three Months Ended
March 31,
2021 2020
Total segment gross contribution $ 777,366 $ 676,791
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development - unallocated (1) 7,795 (822)
Selling, general and administrative 487,255 496,639
Depreciation and amortization 56,264 54,696
Acquisition and integration charges 640 1,560
Operating income 225,412 124,718
Interest expense and other, net (10,659) (27,864)
Less: Provision for income taxes 50,653 21,757
Net income $ 164,100 $ 75,097

~~(1)~~The unallocated amounts consist of certain bonus and fringe costs recorded in consolidated Cost of services and product development that are not allocated to segment expense. The Company’s policy is to allocate bonuses to segments at 100% of a segment employee’s target bonus. Amounts above or below 100% are absorbed by corporate.

~~Note 6~~ — Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of acquired businesses over the estimated fair values of the tangible and identifiable intangible net assets acquired. Evaluations of the recoverability of goodwill are performed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 350, which requires an annual assessment of potential goodwill impairment at the reporting unit level and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of goodwill may not be recoverable.

When performing the annual assessment of the recoverability of goodwill, the Company initially performs a qualitative analysis evaluating whether any events or circumstances occurred or exist that provide evidence that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any of the Company’s reporting units is less than the related carrying amount. If the Company does not believe that it is more likely than not that the fair value of any of the Company’s reporting units is less than the related carrying amount, then no quantitative impairment test is performed. However, if the results of the qualitative assessment indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its respective carrying amount, then a quantitative impairment

test is performed. Evaluating the recoverability of goodwill requires judgments and assumptions regarding future trends and events. As a result, both the precision and reliability of the estimates are subject to uncertainty.

The Company’s most recent annual impairment test of goodwill was a qualitative analysis conducted during the quarter ended September 30, ~~2020~~2021 that indicated 0no impairment. Subsequent to completing the ~~2020~~2021 annual impairment test, there were no events or changes in circumstances noted that required an interim impairment test.

The table below presents changes to the carrying amount of goodwill by segment during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 (in thousands).

Research Conferences Consulting Total
Balance at December 31, 2020 (1) $ 2,664,732 $ 184,091 $ 96,724 $ 2,945,547
Foreign currency translation impact (1,917) (38) (92) (2,047)
Balance at March 31, 2021 $ 2,662,815 $ 184,053 $ 96,632 $ 2,943,500


	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Balance at December 31, 2021 (1)	$	2,670,934	$	184,021	$	96,362	$	2,951,317

Foreign currency translation impact	(1,652)		(27)		(317)		(1,996)
Balance at March 31, 2022 (1)	$	2,669,282	$	183,994	$	96,045	$	2,949,321

(1)The Company does 0tnot have any accumulated goodwill impairment losses.

Finite-Lived Intangible Assets

The tables below present reconciliations of the carrying amounts of the Company’s finite-lived intangible assets as of the dates indicated (in thousands).


March 31, 2021		Customer Relationships		Software		Content		Other		Total
Gross cost at December 31, 2020		$	1,154,210	$	110,597	$	3,965	$	10,614	$	1,279,386
March 31, 2022												March 31, 2022	Customer Relationships		Technology-related		Other		Total
Gross cost at December 31, 2021												Gross cost at December 31, 2021	$	1,096,358	$	61,216	$	10,436	$	1,168,010

Foreign currency translation impact	Foreign currency translation impact	948		53		0		0		1,001		Foreign currency translation impact	(7,603)		(112)		—		(7,715)
Gross cost	Gross cost	1,155,158		110,650		3,965		10,614		1,280,387		Gross cost	1,088,755		61,104		10,436		1,160,295
Accumulated amortization (1)	Accumulated amortization (1)	(406,074)		(88,933)		(3,965)		(3,974)		(502,946)		Accumulated amortization (1)	(432,550)		(38,366)		(4,850)		(475,766)
Balance at March 31, 2021		$	749,084	$	21,717	$	0	$	6,640	$	777,441
Balance at March 31, 2022												Balance at March 31, 2022	$	656,205	$	22,738	$	5,586	$	684,529

December 31, 2020 Customer
Relationships Software Content Other Total
Gross cost $ 1,154,210 $ 110,597 $ 3,965 $ 10,614 $ 1,279,386
Accumulated amortization (1) (381,776) (83,320) (3,595) (3,697) (472,388)
Balance at December 31, 2020 $ 772,434 $ 27,277 $ 370 $ 6,917 $ 806,998


December 31, 2021	Customer Relationships		Technology-related		Other		Total
Gross cost	$	1,096,358	$	61,216	$	10,436	$	1,168,010
Accumulated amortization (1)	(413,266)		(35,727)		(4,599)		(453,592)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	683,092	$	25,489	$	5,837	$	714,418

(1) Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the following periods: Customer relationships—6 to 13 years; ~~Software—~~Technology-related—3 to 7 years; ~~Content—2 to 3 years;~~ and Other—24 to 11 years.

Amortization expense related to finite-lived intangible assets was ~~$30.5~~$25.1 million and ~~$32.2~~$30.5 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. The estimated future amortization expense by year for finite-lived intangible assets is presented in the table below (in thousands).


2021 (remaining nine months)		$	75,546
2022		96,169
2022 (remaining nine months)				2022 (remaining nine months)	$	75,065
2023	2023	96,154		2023	100,071
2024	2024	90,819		2024	92,890
2025	2025	82,150		2025	82,361
2026				2026	79,686
Thereafter	Thereafter	336,603		Thereafter	254,456
		$	777,441		$	684,529

Note 4 — Revenue and Related Matters

Disaggregated Revenue — The Company’s disaggregated revenue by reportable segment is presented in the tables below for the periods indicated (in thousands).

By Primary Geographic Market(1)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022


Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	740,529	$	7,652	$	68,789	$	816,970
Europe, Middle East and Africa	263,129		1,238		32,444		296,811
Other International	132,722		1,464		14,773		148,959
Total revenues	$	1,136,380	$	10,354	$	116,006	$	1,262,740

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021


Primary Geographic Market	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
United States and Canada	$	631,333	$	19,599	$	57,486	$	708,418
Europe, Middle East and Africa	230,201		2,713		30,362		263,276
Other International	118,198		2,490		11,656		132,344
Total revenues	$	979,732	$	24,802	$	99,504	$	1,104,038

(1)Revenue is reported based on where the sale is fulfilled.

The Company’s revenue is generated primarily through direct sales to clients by domestic and international sales forces and a network of independent international sales agents. Most of the Company’s products and services are provided on an integrated worldwide basis and, because of this integrated delivery approach, it is not practical to precisely separate the Company’s revenue by geographic location. Accordingly, revenue information presented in the above tables is based on internal allocations, which involve certain management estimates and judgments.

By Timing of Revenue Recognition

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022


Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	1,025,810	$	—	$	96,436	$	1,122,246
Transferred at a point in time (2)	110,570		10,354		19,570		140,494
Total revenues	$	1,136,380	$	10,354	$	116,006	$	1,262,740

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021


Timing of Revenue Recognition	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Total
Transferred over time (1)	$	894,087	$	—	$	84,342	$	978,429
Transferred at a point in time (2)	85,645		24,802		15,162		125,609
Total revenues	$	979,732	$	24,802	$	99,504	$	1,104,038

(1)Research revenues are recognized in connection with performance obligations that are satisfied over time using a time-elapsed output method to measure progress. Consulting revenues are recognized over time using labor hours as an input measurement basis.

(2)The revenues in this category are recognized in connection with performance obligations that are satisfied at the point in time that the contractual deliverables are provided to the customer.

Performance Obligations — For customer contracts that are greater than one year in duration, the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that were unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) as of March 31, 2022 was approximately $4.3 billion. The Company expects to recognize $2.0 billion, $1.7 billion and $580.9 million of this revenue (most of which pertains to Research) during the remainder of 2022, the year ending December 31, 2023 and thereafter, respectively. The Company applies a practical expedient that is permitted under ASC Topic 606 and, accordingly, it does not disclose such performance obligation information for customer contracts that have original durations of one year or less. The Company’s performance obligations for contracts meeting this ASC Topic 606 disclosure exclusion primarily include: (i) stand-ready services under Research subscription contracts; (ii) holding conferences and meetings where attendees and exhibitors can participate; and (iii) providing customized Consulting solutions for clients under fixed fee and time and materials engagements. The remaining duration of these performance obligations is generally less than one year, which aligns with the period that the parties have enforceable rights and obligations under the affected contracts.

Customer Contract Assets and Liabilities — The timing of the recognition of revenue and the amount and timing of the Company’s billings and cash collections, including upfront customer payments, result in the recognition of both assets and liabilities on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The table below provides information regarding certain of the Company’s balance sheet accounts that pertain to its contracts with customers (in thousands).


	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Assets:
Fees receivable, gross (1)	$	1,334,398	$	1,371,680
Contract assets recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets (2)	$	21,820	$	20,054
Contract liabilities:
Deferred revenues (current liability) (3)	$	2,421,726	$	2,238,035
Non-current deferred revenues recorded in Other liabilities (3)	46,257		48,176
Total contract liabilities	$	2,467,983	$	2,286,211

(1)Fees receivable represent an unconditional right to payment from the Company’s customers and include both billed and unbilled amounts.

(2)Contract assets represent recognized revenue for which the Company does not have an unconditional right to payment as of the balance sheet date because the project may be subject to a progress billing milestone or some other billing restriction.

(3)Deferred revenues represent amounts (i) for which the Company has received an upfront customer payment or (ii) that pertain to recognized fees receivable. Both situations occur before the completion of the Company’s performance obligation(s).

The Company recognized revenue of $833.9 million and $726.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, that was attributable to deferred revenues that were recorded at the beginning of each such period. Those amounts primarily consisted of Research revenues that were recognized ratably as control of the goods or services passed to the customer during the reporting periods. During each of the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not record any material impairments related to its contract assets.

Note 5 — Computation of Earnings Per Share

The table below sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted income per share for the periods indicated (in thousands, except per share data).


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Numerator:
Net income used for calculating basic and diluted income per share	$	172,515	$	164,100
Denominator:
Weighted average common shares used in the calculation of basic income per share	82,020		88,352
Dilutive effect of outstanding awards associated with stock-based compensation plans (1)	953		787
Shares used in the calculation of diluted income per share	82,973		89,139
Basic income per share	$	2.10	$	1.86
Diluted income per share	$	2.08	$	1.84

(1)Certain potential shares of common stock were not included in the computation of diluted income per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive. These potential shares of common stock totaled approximately 0.2 million and 0.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Note 6 — Stock-Based Compensation

The Company grants stock-based compensation awards as an incentive for employees and directors to contribute to the Company’s long-term success. The Company currently awards stock-settled stock appreciation rights, service-based and performance-based restricted stock units, and common stock equivalents. As of March 31, 2022, the Company had 3.9 million shares of its common stock, par value $0.0005 per share, (the “Common Stock”) available for stock-based compensation awards under its current Long-Term Incentive Plan as amended and restated in January 2019 (the “Plan”).

The tables below summarize the Company’s stock-based compensation expense by award type and expense category line item during the periods indicated (in millions).


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Award type	2022		2021
Stock appreciation rights	$	1.9	$	2.0
Restricted stock units (2)	30.0		33.9
Common stock equivalents	0.2		0.2
Total (1)	$	32.1	$	36.1


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Expense category line item	2022		2021
Cost of services and product development	$	11.5	$	13.7
Selling, general and administrative	20.6		22.4
Total (1) (2)	$	32.1	$	36.1

(1)Includes charges of $19.2 million and $21.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, for awards to retirement-eligible employees. Those awards vest on an accelerated basis.

(2)On February 5, 2020, prior to the COVID-19 related shutdown in the U.S., the Compensation Committee (“Committee”) of the Board of Directors of the Company established performance measures for the performance-based restricted stock units (the “PSUs”) awarded to the Company’s executive officers in 2020 under the Plan. Based on preliminary corporate performance results for the 2020 performance measures, the 2020 PSUs would have been earned at 50% of target. However, on February 3, 2021, the Committee determined to use its discretion under the Plan to approve a payout at 95% of target. In deciding to exercise this discretion to adjust the PSU payout, the Committee considered the Company’s strong overall performance in 2020 despite the significant negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the modification, the Company recognized $6.5 million of incremental compensation cost during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Note 7 — Segment Information

The Company’s products and services are delivered through 3 segments – Research, Conferences and Consulting, as described below.

•Research equips executives and their teams from every function and across all industries with actionable, objective insight, guidance and tools. Our experienced experts deliver all this value informed by an unmatched combination of practitioner-sourced and data-driven research to help our clients address their mission critical priorities.

•Conferences provides executives and teams across an organization the opportunity to learn, share and network. From our Gartner Symposium/Xpo series, to industry-leading conferences focused on specific business roles and topics, to peer-driven sessions, our offerings enable attendees to experience the best of Gartner insight and guidance.

•Consulting serves senior executives leading technology-driven strategic initiatives leveraging the power of Gartner’s actionable, objective insight. Through custom analysis and on-the-ground support we enable optimized technology investments and stronger performance on our clients’ mission critical priorities.

The Company evaluates segment performance and allocates resources based on gross contribution margin. Gross contribution, as presented in the tables below, is defined as operating income or loss excluding certain Cost of services and product development expenses, Selling, general and administrative expenses, Depreciation, Amortization of intangibles, and Acquisition and integration charges. Certain bonus and fringe benefit costs included in consolidated Cost of services and product development are not allocated to segment expense. The accounting policies used by the reportable segments are the same as those used by the Company. There are no intersegment revenues. The Company does not identify or allocate assets, including capital expenditures, by reportable segment. Accordingly, assets are not reported by segment because the information is not available by segment and is not reviewed in the evaluation of segment performance or in making decisions regarding the allocation of resources.

The tables below present information about the Company’s reportable segments for the periods indicated (in thousands).


Three Months Ended March 31, 2022	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	1,136,380	$	10,354	$	116,006	$	1,262,740
Gross contribution	849,379		(2,876)		51,012		897,515
Corporate and other expenses							(680,268)
Operating income							$	217,247


Three Months Ended March 31, 2021	Research		Conferences		Consulting		Consolidated
Revenues	$	979,732	$	24,802	$	99,504	$	1,104,038
Gross contribution	724,372		13,896		39,098		777,366
Corporate and other expenses							(551,954)
Operating income							$	225,412

The table below provides a reconciliation of total segment gross contribution to net income for the periods indicated (in thousands).


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Total segment gross contribution	$	897,515	$	777,366
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development - unallocated (1)	11,808		7,795
Selling, general and administrative	617,904		487,255
Depreciation and amortization	48,349		56,264
Acquisition and integration charges	2,207		640
Operating income	217,247		225,412
Interest expense and other, net	(2,188)		(10,659)


Less: Provision for income taxes	42,544		50,653
Net income	$	172,515	$	164,100

(1)The unallocated amounts consist of certain bonus and fringe costs recorded in consolidated Cost of services and product development that are not allocated to segment expense. The Company’s policy is to allocate bonuses to segments at 100% of a segment employee’s target bonus. Amounts above or below 100% are absorbed by corporate.

Note 78 — Debt

The Company’s total outstanding borrowings are summarized in the table below (in thousands).

March 31, December 31,
Description 2021 2020
2020 Credit Agreement - Term loan facility (1) $ 390,000 $ 395,000
2020 Credit Agreement - Revolving credit facility (1), (2) 0 5,000
2028 Notes (3) 800,000 800,000
2030 Notes (4) 800,000 800,000
Other (5) 5,919 6,046
Principal amount outstanding (6) 1,995,919 2,006,046
Less: deferred financing fees (7) (26,322) (27,245)
Net balance sheet carrying amount $ 1,969,597 $ 1,978,801


	March 31,		December 31,
Description	2022		2021
2020 Credit Agreement - Term loan facility (1)	$	286,400	$	287,600
2020 Credit Agreement - Revolving credit facility (1), (2)	—		—
Senior Notes due 2028 (“2028 Notes”) (3)	800,000		800,000
Senior Notes due 2029 (“2029 Notes”) (4)	600,000		600,000
Senior Notes due 2030 (“2030 Notes”) (5)	800,000		800,000
Other (6)	5,400		5,531
Principal amount outstanding (7)	2,491,800		2,493,131
Less: deferred financing fees (8)	(29,234)		(30,367)
Net balance sheet carrying amount	$	2,462,566	$	2,462,764

(1)The contractual annualized interest rate as of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 on the 2020 Credit Agreement Term loan facility and the ~~revolving~~Revolving credit facility was 1.50%, which consisted of a floating Eurodollar base rate of ~~0.125%~~0.250% plus a margin of ~~1.375%~~1.250%. However, the Company has interest rate swap contracts that effectively convert the floating Eurodollar base rates on outstanding amounts to a fixed base rate.

(2)The Company had approximately $1.0 billion of available borrowing capacity on the 2020 Credit Agreement revolver (not including the expansion feature) as of March 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

(3)Consists of $800.0 million principal amount of 2028 Notes outstanding. The 2028 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 4.50% and mature on July 1, 2028.

(4)Consists of $600.0 million principal amount of 2029 Notes outstanding. The 2029 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 3.625% and mature on June 15, 2029.

(5)Consists of $800.0 million principal amount of 2030 Notes outstanding. The 2030 Notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 3.75% and mature on October 1, 2030.

~~(5)~~(6)Consists of 2 State of Connecticut economic development loans. One of the loans originated in 2012, has a 10-year maturity and the outstanding balance of ~~$0.9~~$0.4 million as of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 bears interest at a fixed rate of 3.00%. The second loan, originated in 2019, has a 10-year maturity and bears interest at a fixed rate of 1.75%. Both of these loans may be repaid at any time by the Company without penalty.

~~(6)~~(7)The weighted average annual effective rate on the Company’s outstanding debt for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, including the effects of its interest rate swaps discussed below, was ~~5.02%~~4.82%.

~~(7)~~(8)Deferred financing fees are being amortized to Interest expense, net over the term of the related debt obligation.

2029 Notes

On June 18, 2021, the Company issued $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.625% Senior Notes due 2029. The 2029 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of June 18, 2021 (the “2029 Note Indenture”), among the Company, the guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

The 2029 Notes were issued at an issue price of 100.0% and bear interest at a rate of 3.625% per annum. Interest on the 2029 Notes is payable on June 15 and December 15 of each year, beginning on December 15, 2021. The 2029 Notes will mature on June 15, 2029.

The Company may redeem some or all of the 2029 Notes at any time on or after June 15, 2024 for cash at the redemption prices set forth in the 2029 Notes Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. Prior to June 15, 2024, the Company may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2029 Notes in connection with certain equity offerings, or some or all of the 2029 Notes with a “make-whole” premium, in each case subject to the terms set forth in the 2029 Note Indenture.

2030 Notes

On September 28, 2020, the Company issued $800.0 million aggregate principal amount of 3.75% Senior Notes due ~~2030 (the “2030 Notes”).~~2030. The 2030 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of September 28, 2020 (the “2030 Note Indenture”), among the Company, the guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

The 2030 Notes were issued at an issue price of 100.0% and bear interest at a rate of 3.75% per annum. Interest on the 2030 Notes is payable on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on April 1, 2021. The 2030 Notes will mature on October 1, 2030.

The Company may redeem some or all of the 2030 Notes at any time on or after October 1, 2025 for cash at the redemption prices set forth in the 2030 Note Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. Prior to October 1, 2025, the Company may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2030 Notes in connection with certain equity offerings, or some or all of the 2030 Notes with a “make-whole” premium, in each case subject to the terms set forth in the 2030 Note Indenture.

2028 Notes

On June 22, 2020, the Company issued $800.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.50% Senior Notes due ~~2028 (the “2028 Notes”).~~2028. The 2028 Notes were issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of June 22, 2020 (the “2028 Note Indenture”), among the Company, the guarantors party thereto and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee.

The 2028 Notes were issued at an issue price of 100.0% and bear interest at a rate of 4.50% per annum. Interest on the 2028 Notes is payable on January 1 and July 1 of each year, beginning on January 1, 2021. The 2028 Notes will mature on July 1, 2028.

The Company may redeem some or all of the 2028 Notes at any time on or after July 1, 2023 for cash at the redemption prices set forth in the 2028 Note Indenture, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. Prior to July 1, 2023, the Company may redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the 2028 Notes in connection with certain equity offerings, or some or all of the 2028 Notes with a “make-whole” premium, in each case subject to the terms set forth in the 2028 Note Indenture.

2020 Credit Agreement

On September 28, 2020, the Company entered into an agreement among the Company, as borrower, the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent (the “Administrative Agent,” and such agreement, the “2020 Credit Agreement”), which amended and restated the Company’s existing credit facility, dated as of June 17, 2016 (as amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “2016 Credit Agreement”).

The ~~2020 Credit Agreement~~Company has a credit facility that currently provides for a $400.0 million ~~senior secured five-year term loan~~Term Loan facility and a $1.0 billion ~~senior secured five-year revolving facility.~~Revolving credit facility (the “2020 Credit Agreement”). The ~~term and revolving facilities may be increased, at the Company’s option and under~~2020 Credit Agreement contains certain ~~conditions, by up to an additional $1.0 billion in the aggregate plus additional amounts subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions,~~customary restrictive loan covenants, including, among others, financial covenants that apply a maximum ~~secured~~consolidated leverage ratio and a minimum consolidated interest expense coverage ratio. The ~~term~~Company was in compliance with all financial covenants as of March 31, 2022.

The Term loan ~~will be~~is being repaid in consecutive quarterly installments ~~commencing~~that commenced on December 31, 2020, plus a final payment ~~due~~to be made on September 28, ~~2025, and may be prepaid at any time without penalty or premium (other than applicable breakage costs) at the option of the Company.~~2025. The ~~revolving~~Revolving credit facility ~~may be used for loans, and up to $75.0 million may be used for letters of credit. The revolving loans~~ may be borrowed, repaid and re-borrowed ~~until~~through September 28, 2025, at which ~~time~~ all then-outstanding amounts ~~borrowed~~ must be repaid.

On September 28, 2020, the Company drew down $400.0 million in term loans. The initial drawdown was used to refinance the outstanding amounts under the 2016 Credit Agreement. Additional amounts drawn down under the 2020 Credit Agreement will be used for general corporate purposes, including the funding of acquisitions, payment of capital expenditures and the repurchase of shares.

The Company’s obligations under the 2020 Credit Agreement are guaranteed, on a secured basis, by certain existing and future direct and indirect U.S. subsidiaries. The Company’s obligations under the 2020 Credit Agreement and the guarantees of the subsidiary guarantors are secured by first priority security interests in substantially all of the assets of the Company and the subsidiary guarantors. The security and pledges are subject to certain exceptions.

Loans under the 2020 Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate equal to, at the Company’s option, either (i) the greatest of: (x) the Wall Street Journal prime rate; (y) the average rate on Federal Reserve Board of New York rate plus 1/2 of 1%; and (z) and the adjusted LIBO rate (adjusted for statutory reserves) for a one-month interest period plus 1%, in each case plus a margin equal to between 0.125% and 1.25% depending on the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio as of the end of the four consecutive fiscal quarters most recently ended, or (ii) the adjusted LIBO rate (adjusted for statutory reserves) plus a margin equal to between 1.125% and 2.25%, depending on the Company’s leverage ratio as of the end of the four consecutive fiscal quarters most recently ended. The commitment fee payable on the unused portion of the revolving credit facility is equal to between 0.175% and 0.40% based on utilization of the revolving credit facility. The Company has also agreed to pay customary letter of credit fees.

Interest Rate Swaps

As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company had 42 fixed-for-floating interest rate swap contracts with a total notional value of ~~$1.4 billion~~$700.0 million that mature ~~through~~in 2025. The Company pays base fixed rates ~~on these swaps ranging from 2.13% to~~of 3.04% and in return receives a floating Eurodollar base rate on 30-day notional borrowings. The Company had 2 other fixed-for-floating interest rate swap contracts with a total notional value of $700.0 million that matured during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

As a result of the payment under the then outstanding 2016 Credit Agreement term loan and revolving credit facility, the Company de-designated all of its interest rate swaps effective June 30, 2020. Accordingly, hedge accounting is not applicable, and subsequent changes to the fair value of the interest rate swaps are recorded in Other income, ~~(expense),~~ net. The amounts previously recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss are amortized into Interest expense, net over the terms of the hedged forecasted interest payments. As of March 31, ~~2021, $97.0~~2022, $67.8 million is remaining in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net. The interest rate swaps had negative unrealized fair values (liabilities) of ~~$84.8~~$15.3 million and ~~$109.2~~$53.7 million as of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively, of which ~~$72.8~~$51.0 million and ~~$78.1~~$56.3 million were recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax effect, as of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. See Note 1112 — Fair Value Disclosures for the determination of the fair values of Company’s interest rate swaps.

Note 89 — Equity

Share Repurchase Authorization

In 2015, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) authorized a share repurchase program to repurchase up to $1.2 billion of the Company’s common stock. ~~On February 4, 2021, the~~The Board authorized incremental share repurchases of up to an additional ~~$300 million~~$1.6 billion and $0.5 billion of the Company’s common ~~stock. $0.5 billion~~stock during 2021 and February 2022, respectively. $677.8 million remained available under the share repurchase program as of March 31, ~~2021.~~2022. The Company may repurchase its common stock from time-to-time in amounts, at prices and in the manner that the Company deems appropriate, subject to the availability of stock, prevailing market conditions, the trading price of the stock, the Company’s financial performance and other conditions. Repurchases may be made through open market purchases (which may include repurchase plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), accelerated share repurchases, private transactions or other transactions and will be funded by cash on hand and borrowings. Repurchases may also be made from time-to-time in connection with the settlement of the Company’s stock-based compensation awards. See Note 1415 — Subsequent Event for a discussion regarding an increase in the Company’s share repurchase authorization.

The Company’s share repurchase activity is presented in the table below for the periods indicated.

Three Months Ended
March 31,
2021 2020
Number of shares repurchased (1) 2,274,710 417,707
Cash paid for repurchased shares (in thousands) (2) $ 398,450 $ 73,164


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Number of shares repurchased (1)	1,627,709		2,274,710
Cash paid for repurchased shares (in thousands) (2)	$	451,070	$	398,450

(1)The average purchase price for repurchased shares was ~~$180.44~~$284.53 and ~~$151.22~~$180.44 for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. The repurchased shares during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 included purchases for both open market purchases and stock-based compensation ~~awards and open market purchases.~~award settlements.

(2)The cash paid for repurchased shares during the three months ended March 31, 2021 included $8.0 million of open market purchases with trade dates in December 2020 that settled in January ~~2021. There were~~2021 and excluded $20.0 million of open market

purchases with trade dates in March 2021 that settled in April 2021. The cash paid for repurchased shares during the three months ended March 31, ~~2020 included~~2022 excluded $12.1 million of open market purchases with trade dates in ~~December 2019~~March 2022 that settled in ~~January 2020.~~April 2022.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive ~~Income (Loss),~~Loss, net (“~~AOCI/L”~~AOCL”)

The tables below provide information about the changes in ~~AOCI/L~~AOCL by component and the related amounts reclassified out of ~~AOCI/L~~AOCL to income during the periods indicated (net of tax, in thousands) (1).

Three Months Ended March 31, 2022


	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – December 31, 2021	$	(56,323)	$	(6,672)	$	(18,436)	$	(81,431)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	—		—		(6,798)		(6,798)
Reclassifications from AOCL to income (2), (3)	5,370		48		—		5,418
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	5,370		48		(6,798)		(1,380)
Balance – March 31, 2022	$	(50,953)	$	(6,624)	$	(25,234)	$	(82,811)

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021

Interest Rate
Swaps Defined
Benefit
Pension Plans Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments Total
Balance – December 31, 2020 $ (78,104) $ (9,309) $ (11,815) $ (99,228)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCI/L before reclassifications to income 0 0 677 677
Reclassifications from AOCI/L to income (2), (3) 5,270 103 0 5,373
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period 5,270 103 677 6,050
Balance – March 31, 2021 $ (72,834) $ (9,206) $ (11,138) $ (93,178)

~~Three Months Ended March 31, 2020~~

Interest Rate
Swaps Defined
Benefit
Pension Plans Foreign
Currency
Translation
Adjustments Total
Balance – December 31, 2019 $ (47,164) $ (8,584) $ (22,190) $ (77,938)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCI/L before reclassifications to income (47,054) 0 (46,381) (93,435)
Reclassifications from AOCI/L to income (2), (3) 2,322 79 0 2,401
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the period (44,732) 79 (46,381) (91,034)
Balance – March 31, 2020 $ (91,896) $ (8,505) $ (68,571) $ (168,972)


	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Pension Plans		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance – December 31, 2020	$	(78,104)	$	(9,309)	$	(11,815)	$	(99,228)
Other comprehensive income (loss) activity during the period:
Change in AOCL before reclassifications to income	—		—		677		677
Reclassifications from AOCL to income (2), (3)	5,270		103		—		5,373
Other comprehensive income (loss), net	5,270		103		677		6,050
Balance – March 31, 2021	$	(72,834)	$	(9,206)	$	(11,138)	$	(93,178)

(1)Amounts in parentheses represent debits (deferred losses).

(2)$~~7.0~~7.2 million and ~~$3.2~~$7.0 million of the reclassifications related to interest rate swaps (cash flow hedges) were recorded in Interest expense, net, for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. See Note 78 — Debt and Note 1011 — Derivatives and Hedging for information regarding the cash flow hedges.

(3)The reclassifications related to defined benefit pension plans were recorded in Other income, ~~(expense),~~ net.

The estimated net amount of the existing losses on the Company’s interest rate swaps that are reported in Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net at March 31, ~~2021~~2022 that is expected to be reclassified into earnings within the next 12 months is ~~$29.2~~$20.6 million.

Note 910 — Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 ~~and 2020~~ was ~~an expense of $50.7~~$42.5 million and ~~$21.8~~$50.7 million, respectively. The effective income tax rate was ~~23.6%~~19.8% and ~~of 22.5%~~23.6% for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. The ~~quarter-over-quarter increase~~year-over-year decrease in the effective income tax rate was primarily due to ~~the shifts in estimated geographical mix of earnings as well as~~ the relative impact of tax benefits from stock-based compensation.

The Company had gross unrecognized tax benefits of ~~$125.0~~$153.4 million on March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~$127.1~~$150.0 million on December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. It is reasonably possible that gross unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by approximately ~~$8.9~~$29.5 million within the next twelve months due to the anticipated closure of audits and the expiration of certain statutes of limitation.

Note 1011 — Derivatives and Hedging

The Company enters into a limited number of derivative contracts to mitigate the cash flow risk associated with changes in interest rates on variable-rate debt and changes in foreign exchange rates on forecasted foreign currency transactions. The Company accounts for its outstanding derivative contracts in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, which requires all derivatives, including derivatives designated as accounting hedges, to be recorded on the balance sheet at fair value. The tables below provide information regarding the Company’s outstanding derivative contracts as of the dates indicated (in thousands, except for number of contracts).


March 31, 2021
March 31, 2022										March 31, 2022
Derivative Contract Type	Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCI/L, net of tax		Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCL, net of tax
Interest rate swaps (1)	Interest rate swaps (1)	4	$	1,400,000	$	(50,096)	Other liabilities	$	(72,834)	Interest rate swaps (1)	2	$	700,000	$	(6,266)	Other liabilities	$	(50,953)
					(34,710)		Accrued liabilities							(9,019)		Accrued liabilities
Foreign currency forwards (2)	Foreign currency forwards (2)	33	196,038		(220)		Accrued liabilities	0		Foreign currency forwards (2)	41	318,622		(167)		Accrued liabilities	—
Total	Total	37	$	1,596,038	$	(85,026)		$	(72,834)	Total	43	$	1,018,622	$	(15,452)		$	(50,953)

December 31, 2020
Derivative Contract Type Number of Contracts Notional
Amounts Fair Value
Asset
(Liability), Net (3) Balance
Sheet
Line Item Unrealized
Loss Recorded
in AOCI/L, net of tax
Interest rate swaps (1) 4 $ 1,400,000 $ (74,289) Other liabilities $ (78,104)
(34,886) Accrued liabilities
Foreign currency forwards (2) 163 430,063 (1,514) Accrued liabilities 0
Total 167 $ 1,830,063 $ (110,689) $ (78,104)


December 31, 2021
Derivative Contract Type	Number of Contracts	Notional Amounts		Fair Value Asset (Liability), Net (3)		Balance Sheet Line Item	Unrealized Loss Recorded in AOCL, net of tax
Interest rate swaps (1)	4	$	1,400,000	$	(31,942)	Other liabilities	$	(56,323)
				(21,795)		Accrued liabilities
Foreign currency forwards (2)	138	533,506		(91)		Accrued liabilities	—
Total	142	$	1,933,506	$	(53,828)		$	(56,323)

(1)As a result of the payment under the then outstanding 2016 Credit Agreement term loan and revolving credit facility, the Company de-designated all of its interest rate swaps effective June 30, 2020. Accordingly, hedge accounting is not applicable, and subsequent changes to fair value of the interest rate swaps are recorded in Other income, ~~(expense),~~ net. The amounts previously recorded in Accumulated other comprehensive loss are amortized into Interest expense, net over the terms of the hedged forecasted interest payments. See Note 78 — Debt provides additional information regarding the Company’s interest rate swap contracts.

(2)The Company has foreign exchange transaction risk because it typically enters into transactions in the normal course of business that are denominated in foreign currencies that differ from the local functional currency. The Company enters into short-term foreign currency forward exchange contracts to mitigate the cash flow risk associated with changes in foreign currency rates on forecasted foreign currency transactions. These contracts are accounted for at fair value with realized and unrealized gains and losses recognized in Other income, ~~(expense),~~ net because the Company does not designate these contracts as hedges for accounting purposes. All of the outstanding foreign currency forward exchange contracts at March 31, ~~2021~~2022 matured before April 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

(3)See Note 1112 — Fair Value Disclosures for the determination of the fair values of these instruments.

At March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, all of the Company’s derivative counterparties were investment grade financial institutions. The Company did not have any collateral arrangements with its derivative counterparties and none of the derivative contracts contained credit-risk related contingent features. The table below provides information regarding amounts recognized in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for derivative contracts for the periods indicated (in thousands).

Three Months Ended
March 31,
Amount recorded in: 2021 2020
Interest expense, net (1) $ 7,032 $ 3,192
Other (income) expense, net (2) (15,823) 12,599
Total (income) expense, net $ (8,791) $ 15,791


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Amount recorded in:	2022		2021
Interest expense, net (1)	$	7,166	$	7,032
Other income, net (2)	(26,900)		(15,823)
Total expense, net	$	(19,734)	$	(8,791)

(1)Consists of interest expense from interest rate swap contracts.

(2)Consists of net realized and unrealized gains and losses on foreign currency forward contracts and gains and losses on de-designated interest rate swaps.

Note 1112 — Fair Value Disclosures

The Company’s financial instruments include cash equivalents, fees receivable from customers, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, all of which are normally short-term in nature. The Company believes that the carrying amounts of these financial instruments reasonably approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature. The Company’s financial instruments also include its outstanding variable-rate borrowings under the 2020 Credit Agreement. The Company believes that the carrying amounts of its variable-rate borrowings reasonably approximate their fair values because the rates of interest on those borrowings reflect current market rates of interest for similar instruments with comparable maturities.

The Company enters into a limited number of derivatives transactions but does not enter into repurchase agreements, securities lending transactions or master netting arrangements. Receivables or payables that result from derivatives transactions are recorded gross in the Company’s ~~consolidated balance sheets.~~Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

FASB ASC Topic 820 provides a framework for the measurement of fair value and a valuation hierarchy based on the transparency of inputs used in the valuation of assets and liabilities. Classification within the valuation hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the resulting fair value measurement. The valuation hierarchy contains three levels. Level 1 measurements consist of quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 measurements include significant other observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets; observable inputs such as interest rates and yield curves; and other market-corroborated inputs. Level 3 measurements include significant unobservable inputs such as internally-created valuation models. ~~The~~Generally, the Company does not ~~currently~~ utilize Level 3 valuation inputs to remeasure any of its assets or liabilities. However, Level 3 inputs may be used by the Company when certain long-lived assets, including identifiable intangible assets, goodwill, and right-of-use assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis when there are indicators of impairment. Additionally, Level 3 inputs may be used by the Company in its required annual impairment review of goodwill. Information regarding the periodic assessment of the Company’s goodwill is included in Note 63 — Goodwill and Intangible Assets. The Company does not typically transfer assets or liabilities between different levels of the valuation hierarchy.

The table below presents the fair values of certain financial assets and liabilities (in thousands).

Description March 31,
2021 December 31,
2020
Assets:
Values based on Level 1 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1) $ 6,980 $ 2,589
Total Level 1 inputs 6,980 2,589
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1) 89,059 85,932
Foreign currency forward contracts (2) 41 885
Total Level 2 inputs 89,100 86,817
Total Assets $ 96,080 $ 89,406
Liabilities:
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan liabilities (1) $ 99,397 $ 94,538
Foreign currency forward contracts (2) 261 2,399
Interest rate swap contracts (3) 84,806 109,175
Total Level 2 inputs 184,464 206,112
Total Liabilities $ 184,464 $ 206,112


Description	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Assets:
Values based on Level 1 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	$	7,832	$	7,428
Total Level 1 inputs	7,832		7,428
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	94,083		96,627
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	152		1,122

Total Level 2 inputs	94,235		97,749
Total Assets	$	102,067	$	105,177
Liabilities:
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan liabilities (1)	$	106,959	$	110,861
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	319		1,213
Interest rate swap contracts (3)	15,285		53,737



Total Level 2 inputs	122,563		165,811
Total Liabilities	$	122,563	$	165,811

(1)The Company has a deferred compensation plan for the benefit of certain highly compensated officers, managers and other key employees. The assets consist of investments in money market funds, mutual funds and company-owned life insurance contracts, which are valued based on Level 1 or Level 2 inputs. The related deferred compensation plan liabilities are recorded at fair value, or the estimated amount needed to settle the liability, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

(2)The Company enters into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to hedge the effects of adverse fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates (see Note 1011 — Derivatives and Hedging). Valuation of these contracts is based on observable foreign currency exchange rates in active markets, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.

(3)The Company has interest rate swap contracts that hedge the risk of variability from interest payments on its borrowings (see Note 78 — Debt). The fair values of interest rate swaps are based on mark-to-market valuations prepared by a third-party broker. Those valuations are based on observable interest rates from recently executed market transactions and other observable market data, which the Company considers to be Level 2 inputs. The Company independently corroborates the reasonableness of the valuations prepared by the third-party broker by using an electronic quotation service.

The table below presents the carrying amounts (net of deferred financing costs) and fair values of financial instruments that are not recorded at fair value in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands). The estimated fair value of the financial instruments was derived from quoted market prices provided by an independent dealer, which the Company considers to be a Level 2 input.


	Carrying Amount				Fair Value
	March 31,		December 31,		March 31,		December 31,
Description	2022		2021		2022		2021
2028 Notes	$	792,104	$	791,833	$	797,688	$	836,632
2029 Notes	593,339		593,139		566,262		608,346
2030 Notes	791,696		791,491		753,664		816,208
Total	$	2,177,139	$	2,176,463	$	2,117,614	$	2,261,186

20Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis

Carrying Amount Fair Value
March 31, December 31, March 31, December 31,
Description 2021 2020 2021 2020
2028 Senior Notes $ 791,041 $ 790,783 $ 823,208 $ 846,296
2030 Senior Notes 790,888 790,690 792,624 843,800
Total $ 1,581,929 $ 1,581,473�� $ 1,615,832 $ 1,690,096
The Company’s certain long-lived assets, including identifiable intangible assets, goodwill, and right-of-use assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis when there are indicators of impairment. During the three months ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded impairment charges of $23.9 million on right-of-use assets and other long-lived assets primarily related to certain office leases that the Company determined will no longer be used. The impairment was derived by comparing the fair value of the impacted assets to the carrying value of those assets as of the impairment measurement date, as required under ASC Topic 360 using Level 3 inputs. See Note 14 — Leases for additional discussion related to these impairment charges.

Note 1213 — Contingencies

Legal Matters. The Company is involved in legal proceedings and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. A provision is recorded for pending litigation in the Company’s consolidated financial statements when it is determined that an unfavorable outcome is probable and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company believes that the potential liability, if any, in excess of amounts already accrued from all proceedings, claims and litigation will not have a material effect on ~~the~~ its financial position, cash flows or results of operations when resolved in a future period.

Indemnifications. The Company has various agreements that may obligate it to indemnify the other party with respect to certain matters. Generally, these indemnification clauses are included in contracts arising in the normal course of business under which the Company customarily agrees to hold the other party harmless against losses arising from a breach of representations related to matters such as title to assets sold and licensed or certain intellectual property rights. It is not possible to predict the maximum potential amount of future payments under these indemnification agreements due to the conditional nature of the Company’s obligations and the unique facts of each particular agreement. Historically, payments made by the Company under these agreements have not been material. As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company did not have any material payment obligations under any such indemnification agreements.

Note 1314 — Leases

The Company’s leasing activities are primarily for facilities under cancelable and non-cancelable lease agreements expiring during ~~2021~~2022 and through 2038. These facilities support our executive and administrative activities, sales, systems support, operations, and other functions. The Company also has leases for office equipment and other assets, which are not significant. Certain of these lease agreements include (i) renewal options to extend the lease term for up to ~~five~~ten years and/or (ii) options to terminate the agreement within one year. Additionally, certain of the Company’s lease agreements provide standard recurring escalations of lease payments for, among other things, increases in a lessor’s maintenance costs and taxes. Under some lease agreements, the Company may be entitled to allowances, free rent, lessor-financed tenant improvements and other incentives. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

The Company subleases certain office space that it does not intend to occupy. Such sublease arrangements expire during ~~2021~~2022 and through 2032 and primarily relate to facilities in Arlington, Virginia. Certain of the Company’s sublease agreements: (i) include renewal and termination options; (ii) provide for customary escalations of lease payments in the normal course of business; and (iii) grant the subtenant certain allowances, free rent, Gartner-financed tenant improvements and other incentives.

All of the Company’s leasing and subleasing activity is recognized in Selling, general and administrative expense in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The table below presents the Company’s net lease cost and certain other information related to the Company’s leasing activities as of and for the periods indicated (dollars in thousands).

Three Months Ended
March 31,
Description: 2021 2020
Operating lease cost (1) $ 32,865 $ 37,961
Variable lease cost (2) 4,302 4,403
Sublease income (10,339) (11,090)
Total lease cost, net (3) $ 26,828 $ 31,274
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease
liabilities $ 34,927 $ 34,936
Cash receipts from sublease arrangements $ 10,095 $ 9,417
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease
liabilities $ 7,046 $ 14,919


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
Description:	2022		2021
Operating lease cost (1)	$	30,364	$	32,865
Variable lease cost (2)	4,268		4,302
Sublease income	(10,925)		(10,339)
Total lease cost, net (3) (4)	$	23,707	$	26,828
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	34,817	$	34,927
Cash receipts from sublease arrangements	$	11,164	$	10,095
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	6,930	$	7,046

(1)Included in operating lease cost was ~~$10.4~~$10.5 million and ~~$10.6~~$10.4 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively, for costs related to subleasing activities.

(2)These amounts are primarily variable lease and nonlease costs that ~~were~~are not fixed at the lease commencement date or are dependent on something other than an index or a rate.

(3)The Company did not capitalize any operating lease costs during ~~each~~any of the ~~three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.~~periods presented.

(4)Amount excludes an impairment charge of lease related assets totaling $23.9 million, as discussed below.

The table below indicates where the discounted operating lease payments from the above table are classified in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands).


		March 31,		December 31,			March 31,		December 31,
Description:	Description:	2021		2020		Description:	2022		2021
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	85,150	$	83,995	Accounts payable and accrued liabilities	$	90,836	$	89,754
Operating leases - liabilities		765,125		780,166
Total operating lease liabilities per the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets		$	850,275	$	864,161
Operating lease liabilities						Operating lease liabilities	677,616		697,766
Total operating lease liabilities included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets						Total operating lease liabilities included in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	$	768,452	$	787,520

During the three months ended March 31, 2022, as a result and in consideration of the changing nature of the Company’s use of office space for its workforce and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company continued to evaluate its existing real estate lease portfolio. This evaluation included the decision to abandon a portion of one leased office space and the cease-use of certain other leased office spaces that the Company intends to sublease. In connection with this evaluation, the Company reviewed certain of its right-of-use assets and related other long-lived assets for impairment under ASC 360.

As a result of the evaluation, the Company recognized an impairment loss during the three months ended March 31, 2022 of $23.9 million, which is included as a component of Selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The impairment loss recorded includes $17.7 million related to right-of-use assets and $6.2 million related to other long-lived assets, primarily leasehold improvements.

The fair values for the asset groups relating to the impaired long-lived assets were estimated primarily using discounted cash flow models (income approach) with Level 3 inputs. The significant assumptions used in estimating fair value include the expected downtime prior to the commencement of future subleases, projected sublease income over the remaining lease periods and discount rates that reflect the level of risk associated with receiving future cash flows.

Note 1415 — Subsequent Event

On April ~~29, 2021,~~28, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized incremental share repurchases of up to an additional ~~$500~~$500.0 million of Gartner’s common stock. This authorization is in addition to the previously authorized repurchases of up to ~~$1.5~~$3.3 billion, which as of the end of April ~~2021~~2022 had approximately ~~$290~~$504.4 million remaining.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The purpose of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”) is to facilitate an understanding of significant factors influencing the quarterly operating results, financial condition and cash flows of Gartner, Inc. Additionally, the MD&A conveys our expectations of the potential impact of known trends, events or uncertainties that may impact future results. You should read this discussion in conjunction with our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020~~2021 (the ~~“2020~~“2021 Form 10-K”). Historical results and percentage relationships are not necessarily indicative of operating results for future periods. References to “Gartner,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” in this MD&A are to Gartner, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

In addition to historical information, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements are any statements other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our expectations, beliefs, hopes, intentions, projections or strategies regarding the future. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “should,” “could,” “believe,” “plan,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “continue” or other words of similar meaning.

We operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment that involves numerous known and unknown risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in any of our forward-looking statements are reasonable, actual results could differ materially from those projected or assumed in any of our forward-looking statements. Our future quarterly and annual revenues, operating income, results of operations and cash flows, as well as any forward-looking statement, are subject to change and to inherent risks and uncertainties, such as those disclosed or incorporated by reference in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Important factors that could cause our actual results, performance and achievements, or industry results to differ materially from estimates or projections contained in our forward-looking statements include, among others, the following: ~~uncertainty of~~ the ~~magnitude, duration, geographic reach and impact on the global economy of the COVID-19 pandemic; the current, and uncertain future,~~ impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and ~~governments’ responses to it~~related disruptions on our business ~~growth, reputation, projections, prospects, financial condition, operations, cash flows,~~ and ~~liquidity;~~on the global economy; the adequacy or effectiveness of steps we take to respond to the ~~crisis, including cost reduction or other mitigation programs;~~pandemic; our ability to recover potential claims under our event cancellation insurance; the timing of conferences and meetings, in particular our Gartner Symposium/Xpo series that normally occurs during the fourth quarter, as well as the timing of our return to in-person conferences and meetings and willingness of participants to attend; our ability to achieve and effectively manage growth, including our ability to integrate our acquisitions and consummate and integrate future acquisitions; our ability to pay our debt obligations; our ability to maintain and expand our products and services; our ability to expand or retain our customer base; our ability to grow or sustain revenue from individual customers; our ability to attract and retain a professional staff of research analysts and consultants as well as experienced sales personnel upon whom we are ~~dependent;~~dependent, especially in light of recent labor shortages; our ability to achieve continued customer renewals and achieve new contract value, backlog and deferred revenue growth in light of competitive pressures; our ability to carry out our strategic initiatives and manage associated costs; our ability to successfully compete with existing competitors and potential new competitors; our ability to enforce and protect our intellectual property rights; additional risks associated with international operations, including foreign currency fluctuations; the ~~UK’s~~impact on our business of the war in Ukraine and current and future sanctions imposed by governments or other authorities; the U.K.’s exit from the European Union and its impact on our results; the impact of restructuring and other charges on our businesses and operations; cybersecurity incidents; general economic conditions; changes in macroeconomic and market conditions and market volatility, ~~(including developments and volatility arising from the COVID-19 pandemic),~~ including interest rates and the effect on the credit markets and access to capital; risks associated with the creditworthiness, budget cuts, and shutdown of governments and agencies; the impact of changes in tax policy and heightened scrutiny from various taxing authorities globally; uncertainty from the ~~expected~~ discontinuance of LIBOR and transition to any other interest rate benchmark; changes to laws and regulations; and other risks and uncertainties detailed in this Form 10-Q, our most recent Form 10-K and other filings we make with the SEC. The potential fluctuations in our operating income could cause period-to-period comparisons of operating results not to be meaningful and could provide an unreliable indication of future operating results. A description of the risk factors associated with our business is included under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A. of the ~~2020~~2021 Form 10-K, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Forward-looking statements are subject to risks, estimates and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in, or implied by, the forward-looking ~~statements, and are currently, or in the future could be, amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic.~~statements. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not limited to, those listed above or described under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of the ~~2020~~2021 Form 10-K. Readers should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s opinion only as of the date on which they were made. Forward-looking

statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q speak only as of the date hereof, and

forward-looking statements in documents attached that are incorporated by reference speak only as of the date of those documents. Except as required by law, we disclaim any obligation to review or update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances as they occur.

BUSINESS OVERVIEW

Gartner, Inc. (NYSE: IT) i~~s the world’s leading research~~ delivers actionable, objective insight to executives and ~~advisory company and a member of the S&P 500. We equip business leaders with indispensable insights, advice~~their teams. Our expert guidance and tools ~~to achieve their mission–~~enable faster, smarter decisions and stronger performance on an organization’s mission critical priorities today and build the successful organizations of tomorrow. We believe our unmatched combination of expert-led, practitioner-sourced and data-driven research steers clients toward the right decisions on the issues that matter most. We are a trusted advisor and an objective resource for more than 14,000 enterprises in more than 100 countries — across all major functions, in every industry and enterprise size.priorities.

We deliver our products and services globally through three segments – Research, Conferences and Consulting, as described below.

•Research~~provides trusted, objective insights~~ equips executives and ~~advice on the mission-critical priorities of leaders~~their teams from every function and across all ~~functional areas~~industries with actionable, objective insight, guidance and tools. Our experienced experts deliver all this value informed by an unmatched combination of ~~an enterprise through reports, briefings, proprietary tools, access~~practitioner-sourced and data-driven research to ~~our research experts, peer networking services and membership programs that enable~~help our clients ~~to drive organizational performance.~~address their mission critical priorities.

•Conferences provides ~~business professionals~~executives and teams across an organization the opportunity to learn, share and network. From our Gartner Symposium/Xpo series, to industry-leading conferences focused on specific business roles and topics, to peer-driven sessions, our offerings enable attendees to experience the best of Gartner insight and ~~advice.~~guidance.

•Consulting~~combines~~ serves senior executives leading technology-driven strategic initiatives leveraging the power of ~~Gartner market-leading research with~~Gartner’s actionable, objective insight. Through custom analysis and on-the-ground support ~~to help chief information officers~~we enable optimized technology investments and stronger performance on our clients’ mission critical priorities.

Recent Global Events

The invasion of Ukraine by Russia and the sanctions and other ~~senior executives driving technology-related strategic initiatives move confidently from insight~~measures being imposed in response to ~~action.~~this conflict have increased the level of economic and political uncertainty. In March 2022, we began winding down our business in Russia. Russia has not composed a material portion of our consolidated revenues, net income, net assets or workforce. We do not have a business in Ukraine. Other impacts due to this rapidly evolving situation are currently unknown and could subject our business to materially adverse consequences should the situation escalate or cause an expansion of economic disruption beyond its current scope to the rest of Europe, where a material portion of our business is carried out. A prolonged disruption may adversely affect our business operations, financial performance and results of operations.

COVID-19 Impact

The coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) pandemic has affected nearly every region in the world and has created significant uncertainties and disruption in the global economy. Gartner is closely monitoring the pandemic-related developments, and our highest priority is the health and safety of our associates, clients, vendors, partners, and other stakeholders. We are working closely with our clients to provide best in class COVID-19 related research to assist them in achieving their mission critical priorities.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, we ~~have~~ temporarily closed Gartner offices ~~(including our corporate headquarters) in the United States, United Kingdom, India, and several other impacted locations~~ around the world and implemented significant travel restrictions. Although weall Gartner offices have ~~plans to reopen most offices in~~reopened, the ~~fall of 2021, reopening is subject to many factors outside~~vast majority of our ~~control.~~employees have been working from home. In early 2022, we began to operate under a hybrid virtual-first working environment, meaning that most of our employees will have the option to work remotely at least some of the time, for the foreseeable future. As a result, in the fourth quarter of 2021 we ~~cannot predict~~evaluated our real estate footprint globally, and determined that certain of our leased locations are no longer necessary for our operations. This evaluation resulted in the impairment of right-of-use assets and other long-lived assets, net of a reduction in lease liabilities, of $49.5 million related to certain ~~when or how~~office locations we no longer intend to use. We continued our evaluation during the three months ended March 31, 2022, which resulted in an additional impairment charge of $23.9 million. We expect to continue to evaluate our real estate footprint globally. If we determine there is any additional excess property, there is no assurance that we will ~~begin~~be able to ~~lift the actions put~~sublease any such excess properties or that we will not incur costs in ~~place as part of our business continuity plans, including work from home protocols and travel restrictions.~~connection with such exit activities, which may be material. As of the date of this filing, we do not believe our ~~work from home protocol~~hybrid virtual-first working arrangement has affected our internal controls over financial reporting.

WeOf the three business segments in which we operate, Research and Consulting have ~~seen negative impacts~~returned to ~~all of~~growth levels that were in line with our ~~segments with~~growth prior to the pandemic. However, Conferences ~~being the most~~continues to be negatively impacted. We cancelled ~~all~~ in-person conferences scheduled for 2020 beginning in late February/early March 2020 with the remainder being cancelled after the World Health Organization’s declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic later in March ~~2020, and~~2020. We began holding virtual conferences during the second half of 2020. We held ~~five~~5 virtual conferences during ~~Q1 2021~~the three months ended March 31, 2022 and ~~plan on holding an additional 18 virtual~~expect to continue to deliver some conferences ~~through August 2021.~~virtually during the remainder of the year. These virtual conferences ~~are expected to result~~have resulted in significantly less revenue and gross contribution than ~~if they had been~~ in-person conferences, but we believe they aid in client retention and engagement. The safety of our associates and clients remains our top priority so future in-person conferences will be held only when we determine the relevant impacts of COVID-19 have sufficiently receded in the jurisdictions where our conferences are to be held. Operationally, weWe are planning to ~~resume~~re-launch in-person destination conferences ~~starting~~beginning in ~~September 2021.~~

the second quarter of 2022 and expect to hold in-person destination conferences in future periods as conditions permit.

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As of March 31, 2021, we had approximately $15 million recorded in Prepaid expenses and other current assets on the balance sheet related to cancelled conferences. We expect to recover the majority of these and potential termination costs for future conferences through either force majeure clauses in our vendor contracts, other arrangements with vendors or event cancellation insurance claims.

For cancelled conferences, our event cancellation insurance enables us to receive an amount up to ~~the lost contribution margin per conference~~expected revenues, plus incurred ~~expenses.~~expenses minus saved expense. Our event cancellation insurance provides up to $170 million in coverage for 2020 with the right to reinstate that amount one time if those limits are utilized. The insurer has contested our right to reinstate limits. Gartner also has event cancellation insurance for 2021, covering events that were planned for 2021 but cancelled, of up to $150 million with the right to reinstate up to that amount one time if the initial limits ~~and to include in reinstated limits conferences~~are inadequate. The insurer has contested all coverage for events planned for 2021 but cancelled due to COVID-19. We are in litigation with the insurer on these issues. In 2021, we received $166.9 million of proceeds related to 2020 insurance claims, and recorded a gain of $152.3 million. The timing ~~of receiving~~and ability to receive the remaining proceeds from ~~these~~2020 and 2021 insurance claims is uncertain so we will not record any insurance claims in excess of expenses incurred related to the remaining claims until the receipt of the insurance ~~proceeds.~~

proceeds is deemed to be realizable. Our Research segment has continued to experience a slowdown as contract value (CV) growth was 5.8% in the first quarter of 2021 compared to 10.5% in the first quarter of 2020 on a foreign currency neutral basis. CV growth slowed late in the first quarter of 2020 as the global virus response led to lower new business growth and lower retention rates. CV growth improved in the first quarter of 2021, compared to the second half of 2020. Since our revenue and CV have been historically stable and predictable as a result of our subscription-based business model, we only experienced a modest decrease in Research revenue growth in 2020 and the first quarter of 2021 compared to that in 2019. Slower CV growth in 2020 and the first quarter of 2021 however willinsurance coverage for 2022 (and likely lead to slower research revenue growth in 2021. Nonetheless, we believe that our emphasis on providing insight to enterprise leaders and their teams across every major business function will continue to drive client engagement and satisfaction with our Research products.

Our Consulting segment was only moderately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic as many engagements are being performed by associates working remotely. Labor based consulting weakened late in the first quarter of 2020beyond) excludes cancellation due to ~~the pandemic. This weakness continued in the remainder of 2020. Labor based consulting revenue improved in the first quarter of 2021 to pre-pandemic levels.~~communicable diseases.

In response to the pandemic’s impacts to our business, we implemented cost avoidance initiatives in the first half of 2020 including significant limitations on hiring and third-party spending, reductions to discretionary spending and elimination of non-essential travel and re-prioritization of capital expenditures. We began to restore certain investments in the business during the second half of 2020 and weaccelerated these investments in 2021 and the three months ended March 31, 2022. We expect these investments to increase in ~~2021 and~~ future ~~periods.~~periods, which may have a negative impact on operating margins.

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BUSINESS MEASUREMENTS

We believe that the following business measurements are important performance indicators for our business segments:


BUSINESS SEGMENT						BUSINESS MEASUREMENT
Research						~~Total contract~~Contract value represents the dollar value attributable to all of our subscription-related contracts. It is calculated as the annualized value of all contracts in effect at a specific point in time, without regard to the duration of the contract. ~~Total contract~~Contract value primarily includes Research deliverables for which revenue is recognized on a ratable basis, as well as other deliverables (primarily Conferences tickets) for which revenue is recognized when the deliverable is utilized. Comparing contract value year-over-year not only measures the short-term growth of our business, but also signals the long-term health of our Research subscription business since it measures revenue that is highly likely to recur over a multi-year period. Our ~~total~~ contract value consists of Global Technology Sales contract value, which includes sales to users and providers of technology, and Global Business Sales contract value, which includes sales to all other functional leaders.

						Client retention rate represents a measure of client satisfaction and renewed business relationships at a specific point in time. Client retention is calculated on a percentage basis by dividing our current clients, who were also clients a year ago, by all clients from a year ago. Client retention is calculated at an enterprise level, which represents a single company or customer.

						Wallet retention rate represents a measure of the amount of contract value we have retained with clients over a twelve-month period. Wallet retention is calculated on a percentage basis by dividing the contract value of our current clients, who were also clients a year ago, by the ~~total~~ contract value from a year ago, excluding the impact of foreign currency exchange. When wallet retention exceeds client retention, it is an indication of retention of higher-spending clients, or increased spending by retained clients, or both. Wallet retention is calculated at an enterprise level, which represents a single company or customer.

Conferences						Number of destination conferences represents the total number of hosted virtual or in-person conferences completed during the period. Single day, local meetings are excluded.

						Number of destination conferences attendees represents the total number of people who attend virtual or in-person conferences. Single day, local meetings are excluded.


Consulting						Consulting backlog represents future revenue to be derived from in-process consulting and measurement engagements.

						Utilization rate represents a measure of productivity of our consultants. Utilization rates are calculated for billable headcount on a percentage basis by dividing total hours billed by total hours available to bill.

						Billing rate represents earned billable revenue divided by total billable hours.

						~~Average annualized revenue per billable headcount~~ represents a measure of the revenue generating ability of an average billable consultant and is calculated periodically by multiplying the average billing rate per hour times the utilization percentage times the billable hours available for one year.

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS AND FINANCIAL POSITION

The fundamentals of our strategy include a focus on creating ~~extraordinary research insight,~~actionable insights for executive leaders and their teams, delivering innovative and highly differentiated product offerings, building a strong sales capability, providing world class client service with a focus on client engagement and retention, and continuously improving our operational effectiveness.

We had total revenues of ~~$1.1~~$1.3 billion during the first quarter of ~~2021,~~2022, an increase of 8%14% compared to the first quarter of ~~2020.~~2021. During the first quarter of ~~2021~~2022 revenues for Research increased by 8%16% year-over-year, ~~while~~ Conferences revenue decreased by $14.4 million, and Consulting revenues increased by ~~79% and 4%, respectively.~~17%. For a more complete discussion of our results by segment, see Segment Results below.

For the first quarter of ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, we had net income of ~~$164.1~~$172.5 million and ~~$75.1~~$164.1 million, respectively, and diluted income per share of ~~$1.84~~$2.08 and ~~$0.83,~~$1.84, respectively. Cash provided by operating activities was ~~$157.3~~$167.8 million and ~~$55.7~~$157.3 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, we had ~~$446.0~~$456.2 million of cash and cash equivalents and approximately $1.0 billion of available borrowing capacity on our revolving credit facility. For a more complete discussion of our cash flows and financial position, see the Liquidity and Capital Resources section below.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

For information regarding our critical accounting policies and estimates, please refer to Part II, Item 7, “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. There have been no material changes to the critical accounting policies previously disclosed in that report.

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

The FASB has issued accounting standards that have not yet become effective and that may impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements or its disclosures in future periods. Note 1 — Business and Basis of Presentation in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides information regarding those accounting standards.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Consolidated Results

In addition to GAAP results, we provide foreign currency neutral dollar amounts and percentages for our revenues, certain expenses, contract values and other metrics. These foreign currency neutral dollar amounts and percentages eliminate the effects of exchange rate fluctuations and thus provide a more accurate and meaningful trend in the underlying data being measured. We calculate foreign currency neutral dollar amounts by converting the underlying amounts in local currency for different periods into U.S. dollars by applying the same foreign exchange rates to all periods presented.

The table below presents an analysis of selected line items and period-over-period changes in our interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the periods indicated (in thousands).

2728

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 Increase (Decrease) Increase
(Decrease)
%
Total revenues $ 1,104,038 $ 1,018,891 $ 85,147 8 %
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development 334,467 341,278 (6,811) (2)
Selling, general and administrative 487,255 496,639 (9,384) (2)
Depreciation 25,750 22,517 3,233 14
Amortization of intangibles 30,514 32,179 (1,665) (5)
Acquisition and integration charges 640 1,560 (920) (59)
Operating income 225,412 124,718 100,694 81
Interest expense, net (26,149) (26,349) (200) (1)
Other income (expense), net 15,490 (1,515) 17,005 nm
Less: Provision for income taxes 50,653 21,757 28,896 133
Net income $ 164,100 $ 75,097 $ 89,003 119 %
nm = not meaningful


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022		Three Months Ended March 31, 2021		Increase (Decrease)		Increase (Decrease) %
Total revenues	$	1,262,740	$	1,104,038	$	158,702	14	%
Costs and expenses:
Cost of services and product development	377,033		334,467		42,566		13
Selling, general and administrative	617,904		487,255		130,649		27
Depreciation	23,201		25,750		(2,549)		(10)
Amortization of intangibles	25,148		30,514		(5,366)		(18)
Acquisition and integration charges	2,207		640		1,567		245
Operating income	217,247		225,412		(8,165)		(4)
Interest expense, net	(31,394)		(26,149)		5,245		20



Other income, net	29,206		15,490		13,716		89
Less: Provision for income taxes	42,544		50,653		(8,109)		(16)
Net income	$	172,515	$	164,100	$	8,415	5	%

Total revenues for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 were ~~$1.1~~$1.3 billion, an increase of ~~$85.1~~$158.7 million, or 8%14% compared to the same period in ~~2020~~2021 on a reported basis and 6%16% excluding the foreign currency impact. Refer to the section of this MD&A below entitled “~~Segment Results~~”“Segment Results” for a discussion of revenues and results by segment.

Cost of services and product development was ~~$334.5~~$377.0 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021, a decrease~~2022, an increase of ~~$6.8~~$42.6 million compared to the same period in ~~2020,~~2021, or 2%13% on a reported basis and 4%14% excluding the foreign currency impact. The ~~decrease~~increase in Cost of services and product development was primarily due to ~~lower travel~~increased compensation costs, research program expenses and ~~entertainment costs during the quarter as well as the continuation of various cost avoidance initiatives.~~conference related expenses. Cost of services and product development as a percent of revenues was 30% ~~and 33%~~ during ~~the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.~~both periods.

Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expense was ~~$487.3~~$617.9 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021, a decrease~~2022, an increase of $~~9.4~~130.6 million compared to the same period in ~~2020,~~2021, or 2%27% on a reported basis and 4%29% excluding the foreign currency impact. The ~~decrease~~increase in SG&A expense was primarily due to ~~reduced conferences related expenses, facilities~~higher personnel costs ~~and travel and entertainment costs as well~~in the current year, specifically commission expense, following strong contract value growth in 2021, which gets amortized as the ~~continuation of various cost avoidance initiatives, partially offset by the restoration of some compensation~~related revenue is recognized, and ~~benefits programs for~~salary expense due to increased headcount. The increase in SG&A during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021.~~2022, as compared to the prior fiscal year, was also due to charges associated with the impairment of right-of-use assets and other long-lived assets of $23.9 million related to certain office locations we no longer intend to use. The number of quota-bearing sales associates in Global Technology Sales ~~decreased 6%~~increased by 0.6% to ~~2,992~~3,009 and in Global Business Sales increased by 1%15.1% to ~~867~~998 compared to March 31, ~~2020.~~2021. On a combined basis, the total number of quota-bearing sales associates ~~decreased~~increased by 5%3.8% when compared to March 31, ~~2020.~~2021. SG&A expense as a percent of revenues was ~~44%~~49% and ~~49%~~44% during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

Depreciation ~~increased~~decreased by ~~14%~~10% during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, compared to the same period in ~~2020.~~ 2021. The ~~increase~~decrease for the three months endedMarch 31, ~~2021~~ 2022 was primarily due to ~~additional investments,~~ ~~including new~~a reduction in leasehold improvements deprecation as ~~additional office space went into service,~~ a~~nd capitalized software.~~ result of the impairment losses recorded in the fourth quarter of 2021.

Amortization of intangibles decreased by 5%18% during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2022 compared to the same ~~period~~periods in ~~2020~~2021 due to certain intangible assets that became fully amortized in ~~2020.~~2021.

Acquisition and integration charges ~~decreased~~increased by ~~$0.9~~$1.6 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2022 compared to the same period in ~~2020.~~2021.

Operating income was ~~$225.4~~$217.2 million and ~~$124.7~~$225.4 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. The ~~increase~~decrease in operating income was ~~due~~primarily due to increased ~~revenue, in addition to reduced Costs of services~~selling, general and ~~product development and SG&A~~administrative expenses.

Interest expense, net ~~decreased~~increased by ~~$0.2~~$5.2 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, compared to the same period in ~~2020.~~2021. The ~~decrease~~increase was primarily due to ~~a reduction~~an increase in outstanding debt, ~~partially offset by higher weighted average annual effective rates,~~ as a result of ~~interest expense on our de-designated swaps.~~the issuance of the 2029 Notes in June 2021.

Other income, ~~(expense),~~ net for the periods presented herein included the net impact of foreign currency gains and losses from our hedging activities. During ~~2021,~~2022, Other ~~(expense)~~ income, net also included a ~~$15.8~~$29.9 million gain on de-designated interest rate swaps.

The provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 ~~and 2020~~ was ~~an expense of $50.7~~$42.5 million and ~~$21.8~~$50.7 million, respectively. The effective income tax rate was ~~an expense of~~19.8% and 23.6% ~~and 22.5%~~ for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. The ~~quarter-over-quarter increase~~year-over-year decrease in the effective income tax rate was primarily due to ~~the shifts in estimated geographical mix of earnings as well as~~ the relative impact of tax benefits from stock-based compensation.

Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 ~~and 2020~~ was ~~$164.1~~$172.5 million and ~~$75.1~~$164.1 million, respectively. Our diluted net income per share during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 increased by ~~$1.01~~$0.24 compared to the same period in ~~2020.~~2021. The increase in net income during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 was primarily the result of increased revenues, ~~reduced operating expenses~~ and the gain from de-designated interest rate swaps, partially offset by an increase in ~~income tax expense.~~operating expenses.

SEGMENT RESULTS

We evaluate reportable segment performance and allocate resources based on gross contribution margin. Gross contribution is defined as operating income or loss excluding certain Cost of services and product development expenses, SG&A expenses, Depreciation, Amortization of intangibles, and Acquisition and integration charges. Gross contribution margin is defined as gross contribution as a percent of revenues.

Reportable Segments

The ~~Company’s~~ ~~reportable segments are as follows:~~

•~~Research~~provides trusted, objective insights and advice on the mission-critical priorities of leaders across all functional areas of an enterprise through reports, briefings, proprietary tools, access to our research experts, peer networking services and membership programs that enable our clients to drive organizational performance.

•~~Conferences~~provides business professionals across an organization the opportunity to learn, share and network. From our Gartner Symposium/Xpo series, to industry-leading conferences focused on specific business roles and topics, to peer-driven sessions, our offerings enable attendees to experience the best of Gartner insight and advice.

•~~Consulting~~combines the power of Gartner market-leading research with custom analysis and on-the-ground support to help chief information officers and other senior executives driving technology-related strategic initiatives move confidently from insight to action.

~~The~~ sections below present the results of the Company’s three reportable business ~~segments.~~

segments: Research, Conferences and Consulting.

2930

Research

As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 Increase
(Decrease) Percentage
Increase
(Decrease)
Financial Measurements:
Revenues (1) $ 979,732 $ 909,291 $ 70,441 8 %
Gross contribution (1) $ 724,372 $ 653,469 $ 70,903 11 %
Gross contribution margin 74 % 72 % 2 points —
Business Measurements:

Global Technology Sales (2):
Contract value (1), (3) $ 2,991,000 $ 2,862,000 $ 129,000 5 %
Client retention 83 % 82 % 1 point —
Wallet retention 98 % 104 % (6) points —
Global Business Sales (2):
Contract value (1), (3) $ 731,000 $ 655,000 $ 76,000 12 %
Client retention 84 % 83 % 1 point —
Wallet retention 105 % 101 % 4 points —


	As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2022			As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2021			Increase (Decrease)		Percentage Increase (Decrease)
Financial Measurements:
Revenues (1)	$	1,136,380		$	979,732		$	156,648	16	%
Gross contribution (1)	$	849,379		$	724,372		$	125,007	17	%
Gross contribution margin	75		%	74		%	1 point		—
Business Measurements:
Global Technology Sales (2):
Contract value (1), (3)	$	3,346,000		$	2,927,000		$	419,000	14	%
Client retention	86		%	83		%	3 points		—
Wallet retention	107		%	98		%	9 points		—
Global Business Sales (2):
Contract value (1), (3)	$	899,000		$	723,000		$	176,000	24	%
Client retention	87		%	84		%	3 points		—
Wallet retention	115		%	105		%	10 points		—

(1)Dollars in thousands.

(2)Global Technology Sales includes sales to users and providers of technology. Global Business Sales includes sales to all other functional leaders.

(3)Contract values are on a foreign exchange neutral basis. Contract values as of March 31, ~~2020~~2021 have been calculated using the same foreign currency rates as ~~2021.~~2022.

Research revenues increased by ~~$70.4~~$156.6 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same period in ~~2020,~~2021, or 8%16% on a reported basis and 5%18% excluding the foreign currency impact. The segment gross contribution margin was ~~74%~~75% and ~~72%~~74% during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. The increase in revenues during ~~2021~~2022 was primarily due to the same factors driving the trend in our Research contract value, which are discussed below. The ~~improvement~~increase in margin of ~~2 points~~1 point for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same prior year period was primarily due to the ~~growth~~increase in ~~revenue and a decline in travel and entertainment expenses due to COVID-19 travel restrictions.~~revenue.

~~Total contract~~Contract value increased to ~~$3.7~~$4.2 billion at March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, or 6%16% compared to March 31, ~~2020~~2021 on a foreign currency neutral basis. Global Technology Sales (“GTS”) contract value increased by 5%14% at March 31, ~~2021~~2022 when compared to March 31, ~~2020.~~2021. The increase in GTS contract value was primarily due to new business from new and existing ~~clients.~~clients, as well as improved client retention. GTS contract value increased by double-digits for all enterprise sizes and over half of all sectors. Global Business Sales (“GBS”) contract value increased by ~~12%~~24% year-over-year, also primarily driven by new business from new and existing ~~clients.~~clients, and improved client retention. All of our GBS practices achieved double-digit growth rates, with the majority growing more than 20% year-over-year.

GTS client retention was 83% and 82% as of March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, while wallet retention was 98% and 104%, respectively. The decrease in GTS wallet retention was primarily due to decreased spending by enterprises that were clients a year ago. GBS client retention was 84%86% and 83% as of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively, while wallet retention was ~~105%~~107% and ~~101%~~98%, respectively. GBS client retention was 87% and 84% as of March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, while wallet retention was 115% and 105%, respectively. The increase in GTS and GBS wallet retention was largely due to increased spending by existing clients, as well as improved client retention of larger clients. The number of GTS client enterprises increased by 3%6.3% when compared to prior year, while GBS client enterprises ~~declined~~increased by 6%4.3% at March 31, ~~2021~~2022 when compared to March 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

3031

Conferences

~~nm = not meaningful~~


	As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2022			As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2021			Increase (Decrease)		Percentage Increase (Decrease)
Financial Measurements:
Revenues (1)	$	10,354		$	24,802		$	(14,448)	(58)	%
Gross contribution (1)	$	(2,876)		$	13,896		$	(16,772)	(121)	%
Gross contribution margin	(28)		%	56		%	(84) points		—
Business Measurements:
Number of destination conferences (2)	5			5			—		—	%
Number of destination conferences attendees (2)	3,904			5,382			(1,478)		(27)	%

(1)Dollars in thousands.

(2)Includes both virtual and in-person conferences. Single day, local meetings are excluded.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, we cancelled all in-person conferences from March 2020 through at least August 2021, and pivoted to producing virtual conferences with a focus on maximizing the value we deliver to our clients. We held ~~five~~5 virtual conferences during each of the three months ended March 31, ~~2021,~~2022 and ~~plan on holding 18 virtual~~2021. We expect to continue to deliver some conferences ~~through August 2021. Operationally, we~~virtually during the remainder of the year, but are planning to ~~resume~~re-launch in-person destination conferences ~~starting~~beginning in ~~September 2021. We began holding virtual Evanta conferences during~~ the second quarter of ~~2020.~~2022 and expect to hold in-person destination conferences in future periods as conditions permit. Conferences revenues ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$10.9~~$14.4 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same period in ~~2020, or 79% on a reported basis and 68% excluding the foreign currency impact.~~2021. The ~~increase~~decrease in revenues was primarily due to the use of ticket entitlements during the three months ended March 31, 2021 which we extended from 2020 due to the pandemic. Gross contribution ~~increased~~decreased to ~~$13.9~~a loss of $2.9 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to ~~a loss of $6.1~~$13.9 million in income in the same period last year.

3132

Consulting

As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 Increase
(Decrease) Percentage
Increase
(Decrease)
Financial Measurements:
Revenues (1) $ 99,504 $ 95,730 $ 3,774 4 %
Gross contribution (1) $ 39,098 $ 29,382 $ 9,716 33 %
Gross contribution margin 39 % 31 % 8 points —
Business Measurements:
Backlog (1), (2) $ 116,500 $ 113,100 $ 3,400 3 %
Billable headcount 744 808 (64) (8) %
Consultant utilization 68 % 62 % 6 points —
Average annualized revenue per billable headcount (1) $ 387 $ 367 $ 20 5 %


	As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2022			As Of And For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2021			Increase (Decrease)		Percentage Increase (Decrease)
Financial Measurements:
Revenues (1)	$	116,006		$	99,504		$	16,502	17	%
Gross contribution (1)	$	51,012		$	39,098		$	11,914	30	%
Gross contribution margin	44		%	39		%	5 points		—
Business Measurements:
Backlog (1), (2)	$	146,800		$	112,700		$	34,100	30	%
Billable headcount	780			744			36		5	%
Consultant utilization	72		%	68		%	4 points		—

(1)Dollars in thousands.

(2)Backlog is on a foreign exchange neutral basis. Backlog as of March 31, ~~2020~~2021 has been calculated using the same foreign currency rates as ~~2021.~~2022. We changed our method of calculating backlog beginning in 2022 to include multi-year contracts.

Consulting revenues increased 4%by 17% during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same period in ~~2020~~2021 on a reported basis and ~~were flat~~20% excluding the foreign currency impact, with a revenue increase in labor-based consulting of ~~4%,~~14% and an increase in contract optimization of 6%29%, each on a reported basis. Contract optimization revenue may vary significantly and, as such, revenues for the first quarter of ~~2021~~2022 may not be indicative of results for the remainder of ~~2021~~2022 or beyond. The segment gross contribution margin was ~~39%~~44% and ~~31%~~39% for the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. The increase in gross contribution margin during the first quarter of ~~2021~~2022 was primarily due to the increase in revenue, as well as benefits derived from certain cost-reduction initiatives implemented in 2020, including a decline in travel and entertainment expenses due to COVID-19 travel restrictions. Consultant utilization increased by 6 points during the ~~three~~ ~~months ended March 31, 2021 compared to the same period in 2020 due to a reduction in billable headcount.~~revenue.

Backlog increased by ~~$3.4~~$34.1 million, or 3%30%, from March 31, ~~2020~~2021 to March 31, ~~2021~~2022 on a foreign currency neutral basis. The ~~$116.5 million~~change in our method of calculating backlog ~~at March 31, 2021 represented~~noted above contributed approximately ~~four months of~~seven percentage points to the backlog ~~which is in line with the Company’s operational target.~~growth rate.

3233

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

We finance our operations through cash generated from our operating activities and borrowings. Note 78 — Debt in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides additional information regarding the Company’s outstanding debt obligations. At March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, we had ~~$446.0~~$456.2 million of cash and cash equivalents and approximately $1.0 billion of available borrowing capacity on the revolving credit facility under our 2020 Credit Agreement. We believe that the Company has adequate liquidity to meet its currently anticipated needs for ~~at least~~both the next twelve ~~months.~~months and the foreseeable future.

We have historically generated significant cash flows from our operating ~~activities. Our operating cash flow has been continuously maintained by~~activities, benefiting from the ~~leverage characteristics~~favorable working capital dynamics of our subscription-based business model in our Research segment, which is our largest business segment and historically has constituted a significant portion of our total revenues. The majority of our Research customer contracts are paid in advance and, combined with a strong customer retention rate and high incremental margins, has resulted in continuously strong operating cash flow. Cash flow generation has also benefited from our ongoing efforts to improve the operating efficiencies of our businesses as well as a focus on the optimal management of our working capital as we increase sales.

Our cash and cash equivalents are held in numerous locations throughout the world with ~~73%~~56% held overseas at March 31, ~~2021.~~2022. We intend to reinvest substantially all of our accumulated undistributed foreign earnings, except in instances where repatriation would result in minimal additional tax. As a result of the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, we believe that the income tax impact if such earnings were repatriated would be minimal.

The table below summarizes the changes in the Company’s cash balances for the periods indicated (in thousands).


		Three Months Ended March 31, 2021		Three Months Ended March 31, 2020		Increase (Decrease)			Three Months Ended March 31, 2022		Three Months Ended March 31, 2021		Increase (Decrease)
Cash provided by operating activities	Cash provided by operating activities	$	157,298	$	55,749	$	101,549	Cash provided by operating activities	$	167,785	$	157,298	$	10,487
Cash used in investing activities	Cash used in investing activities	(12,521)		(24,536)		12,015		Cash used in investing activities	(17,293)		(12,521)		(4,772)
Cash used in financing activities	Cash used in financing activities	(403,220)		(68,490)		(334,730)		Cash used in financing activities	(445,452)		(403,220)		(42,232)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(258,443)		(37,277)		(221,166)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash								Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	(294,960)		(258,443)		(36,517)
Effects of exchange rates	Effects of exchange rates	(8,145)		(15,709)		7,564		Effects of exchange rates	(5,358)		(8,145)		2,787
Beginning cash and cash equivalents		712,583		280,836		431,747
Ending cash and cash equivalents		$	445,995	$	227,850	$	218,145
Beginning cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash								Beginning cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	760,602		712,583		48,019
Ending cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash								Ending cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	460,284	$	445,995	$	14,289

Operating

Cash provided by operating activities was ~~$157.3~~$167.8 million and ~~$55.7~~$157.3 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. The year-over-year increase was primarily due to ~~higher pre-tax income in the 2021 period and~~ an increase in deferred revenues resulting from increased bookings in Research, partially offset by higher ~~bonus payments made in 2021 related to 2020.~~commission and interest payments.

Investing

Cash used in investing activities was ~~$12.5~~$17.3 million and ~~$24.5~~$12.5 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. The cash used in both periods was for capital expenditures. The ~~decrease~~increase from ~~2020~~2021 to ~~2021~~2022 was the result of ~~reduced capital spending~~an increase in ~~response to the COVID-19 pandemic.~~capitalized software additions.

Financing

Cash used in financing activities was ~~$403.2~~$445.5 million and ~~$68.5~~$403.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. During the 2022 period, we paid a net $1.3 million in debt principal repayments and ~~2020, respectively.~~used $451.1 million of cash for share repurchases. During the 2021 period, we repaid a net $5.0 million on our revolving credit facility under the 2020 Credit Agreement, paid a net $5.1 million in debt principal repayments and used $398.5 million of cash for share repurchases. During the 2020 period, the Company borrowed a net $27.0 million on our then existing revolving credit facility, paid a net $28.0 million in debt principal repayments and paid $73.2 million for share repurchases.

Debt

As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company had ~~$2.0~~$2.5 billion of principal amount of debt outstanding, of which ~~$15.4~~$4.6 million is to be repaid in the remainder of fiscal year ~~2021.~~2022. Note 78 — Debt in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

provides additional information regarding the Company’s outstanding debt obligations. From time to time, the Company may seek to retire or repurchase its outstanding debt through various methods including open market repurchases, negotiated block transactions, or otherwise, all or some of which may be effected through Rule 10b5-1 plans. Such transactions, if any, depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity and capital requirements, contractual restrictions, and other factors, and may involve material amounts.

OFF BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

From January 1, ~~2021~~2022 through March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company has not entered into any material off-balance sheet arrangements or transactions with unconsolidated entities or other persons.

3435

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

INTEREST RATE RISK

As of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company had ~~$2.0~~$2.5 billion in total debt principal outstanding. Note 78 — Debt in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements provides additional information regarding the Company’s outstanding debt obligations.

Approximately ~~$0.4~~$0.3 billion of the Company’s total debt outstanding as of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 was based on a floating base rate of interest, which potentially exposes the Company to increases in interest rates. However, we reduce our overall exposure to interest rate increases through our interest rate swap contracts, which effectively convert the floating base interest rates on all of our variable rate borrowings to fixed rates.

FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK

A significant portion of our revenues are typically derived from sales outside of the United States. Among the major foreign currencies in which we conduct business are the Euro, the British Pound, the Japanese Yen, the Australian dollar and the Canadian dollar. The reporting currency of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements is the U.S. dollar. As the values of the foreign currencies in which we operate fluctuate over time relative to the U.S. dollar, the Company is exposed to both foreign currency translation and transaction risk.

Translation risk arises as our foreign currency assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars because the functional currencies of our foreign operations are generally denominated in the local currency. Adjustments resulting from the translation of these assets and liabilities are deferred and recorded as a component of stockholders’ equity. A measure of the potential impact of foreign currency translation can be determined through a sensitivity analysis of our cash and cash equivalents. At March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, we had ~~$446.0~~$456.2 million of cash and cash equivalents, with a substantial portion denominated in foreign currencies. If the exchange rates of the foreign currencies we hold all changed in comparison to the U.S. dollar by 10%, the amount of cash and cash equivalents we would have reported on March 31, ~~2021~~2022 could have increased or decreased by approximately ~~$38.7~~$31.5 million. The translation of our foreign currency revenues and expenses historically has not had a material impact on our consolidated earnings because movements in and among the major currencies in which we operate tend to impact our revenues and expenses fairly equally. However, our earnings could be impacted during periods of significant exchange rate volatility, or when some or all of the major currencies in which we operate move in the same direction against the U.S. dollar.

Transaction risk arises when we enter into a transaction that is denominated in a currency that may differ from the local functional currency. As these transactions are translated into the local functional currency, a gain or loss may result, which is recorded in current period earnings. We typically enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to mitigate the effects of some of this foreign currency transaction risk. Our outstanding foreign currency forward exchange contracts as of March 31, ~~2021~~2022 had an immaterial net unrealized loss.

CREDIT RISK

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist primarily of short-term, highly liquid investments classified as cash equivalents, fees receivable, interest rate swap contracts and foreign currency forward exchange contracts. The majority of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, interest rate swap contracts and foreign currency forward exchange contracts are with large investment grade commercial banks. Fees receivable balances deemed to be collectible from customers have limited concentration of credit risk due to our diverse customer base and geographic dispersion.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

We have established disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that the information we are required to disclose in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported in a timely manner. Specifically, these controls and procedures ensure that the information is accumulated and communicated to our executive management team, including our chief executive officer and our chief financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management conducted an evaluation, as of March 31, ~~2021,~~2022, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, under the supervision and with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer. Based upon that evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective in alerting them in a timely manner to material Company information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed under the Exchange Act.

There have been no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We are involved in legal and administrative proceedings and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. We believe that the potential liability, if any, in excess of amounts already accrued from all proceedings, claims and litigation will not have a material effect on our financial position, cash flows or results of operations when resolved in a future period.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There were no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

There were no unregistered sales of equity securities during the period covered by this report.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

In May 2015, the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) authorized a share repurchase program to repurchase up to $1.2 billion of the Company’s common stock. The Board authorized incremental share repurchases of up to an additional ~~$300 million under~~$1.6 billion, $0.5 billion and another $0.5 billion of the ~~program in~~Company’s common stock during 2021, February ~~2021,~~2022 and ~~an additional $500 million in~~ April ~~2021.~~2022, respectively. The Company may repurchase its common stock from time-to-time in amounts, at prices and in the manner that the Company deems appropriate, subject to the availability of stock, prevailing market conditions, the trading price of the stock, the Company’s financial performance and other conditions. Repurchases may be made through open market purchases (which may include repurchase plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), accelerated share repurchases, private transactions or other transactions and will be funded by cash on hand and borrowings. Repurchases may also be made from time-to-time in connection with the settlement of the Company’s stock-based compensation awards. The table below summarizes the repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021 pursuant to our $1.5 billion share repurchase authorization and the settlement of stock-based compensation awards.~~2022.

Period Total
Number of
Shares
Purchased (#) Average
Price Paid
Per Share ($) Total Number of Shares Purchased Under Announced Programs (#) Maximum Approximate
Dollar Value of Shares
That May Yet Be Purchased
Under the Plans or Programs
(in thousands)
January 1, 2021 to January 31, 2021 75,258 $ 157.40 75,066 $ 567,794
February 1, 2021 to February 28, 2021 940,929 177.95 766,909 729,341
March 1, 2021 to March 31, 2021 1,258,523 183.68 1,252,204 $ 499,344
Total for the quarter (1) 2,274,710 $ 180.44 2,094,179


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased (#)	Average Price Paid Per Share ($)		Total Number of Shares Purchased Under Announced Programs (#)	Maximum Approximate Dollar Value of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in thousands)

January 1, 2022 to January 31, 2022	231,039	$	278.41	230,883	$	526,697
February 1, 2022 to February 28, 2022	565,572	289.32		397,688	912,691
March 1, 2022 to March 31, 2022	831,098	282.96		830,280	$	677,752
Total for the quarter (1)	1,627,709	$	284.53	1,458,851

(1)The repurchased shares during the three months ended March 31, ~~2021~~2022 included purchases for both the settlement of ~~stocked-based~~stock-based compensation awards and open market purchases.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS


EXHIBIT NUMBER						DESCRIPTION OF DOCUMENT

31.1*						Certification of chief executive officer under Rule 13a — 14(a)/15d — 14(a).

31.2*						Certification of chief financial officer under Rule 13a — 14(a)/15d — 14(a).

32*						Certification under 18 U.S.C. 1350.

101.INS*						Inline XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH*						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

101.CAL*						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF*						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.

101.LAB*						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

101.PRE*						Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

104*						Cover Page Interactive Data File, formatted in Inline XBRL (included as Exhibit 101).

* Filed with this report.

Items 3 and 4 of Part II are not applicable and have been omitted.

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


		Gartner, Inc.

Date:	May ~~4, 2021~~3, 2022	/s/ Craig W. Safian
		Craig W. Safian
		Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

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December 31, 2020	Customer Relationships		Software		Content		Other		Total
Gross cost	$	1,154,210	$	110,597	$	3,965	$	10,614	$	1,279,386
Accumulated amortization (1)	(381,776)		(83,320)		(3,595)		(3,697)		(472,388)
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	772,434	$	27,277	$	370	$	6,917	$	806,998


Description	March 31, 2021		December 31, 2020
Assets:
Values based on Level 1 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	$	6,980	$	2,589
Total Level 1 inputs	6,980		2,589
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan assets (1)	89,059		85,932
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	41		885

Total Level 2 inputs	89,100		86,817
Total Assets	$	96,080	$	89,406
Liabilities:
Values based on Level 2 inputs:
Deferred compensation plan liabilities (1)	$	99,397	$	94,538
Foreign currency forward contracts (2)	261		2,399
Interest rate swap contracts (3)	84,806		109,175



Total Level 2 inputs	184,464		206,112
Total Liabilities	$	184,464	$	206,112