UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
 
(Mark One)
xQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 20182019
Or
oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to .
Commission File Number: 001-35070
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC.INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Massachusetts04-2976299 
Commonwealth of Massachusetts04-2976299
(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)
  
Ten Post Office Square
Boston, Massachusetts

02109
Boston,Massachusetts
(Address of principal executive offices)Principal Executive Offices)(Zip Code)
 
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (617) 912-1900

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (617)912-1900

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange which registered
Common StockBPFHNASDAQ Stock Market LLC
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by sectionSection 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.     Yesx No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).     Yesx No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filerx
  
Accelerated filer o
 
Non-accelerated filer    o
 (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
Smaller reporting company    o
     
Emerging growth companyo
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act) Yes o No x
APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of July 27, 2018August 1, 2019:
Common Stock, Par Value $1.00 Per Share84,565,70383,902,110
(class)(outstanding)




BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC.
FORM 10-Q
TABLE OF CONTENTS


PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1 
  
  
  
  
  
  
Item 2 
  
  
  Results of Operations
  
  
  
  
  
  
Item 3 
Item 4 
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1 
Item 1A 
Item 2 
Item 3 
Item 4 
Item 5 
Item 6 
  
  Certifications 






i





PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION, ITEM 1. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)

 June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
 (In thousands, except share and per share data)
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$364,539
 $120,541
Investment securities available-for-sale (amortized cost of $1,109,785 and $1,182,427 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively)1,076,967
 1,170,328
Investment securities held-to-maturity (fair value of $76,747 and $73,781 at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively)78,955
 74,576
Stock in Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank70,127
 59,973
Loans held for sale4,622
 4,697
Total loans6,767,123
 6,505,028
Less: Allowance for loan losses73,464
 74,742
Net loans6,693,659
 6,430,286
Other real estate owned (“OREO”)108
 
Premises and equipment, net46,421
 37,640
Goodwill75,598
 75,598
Intangible assets, net14,584
 16,083
Fees receivable10,405
 11,154
Accrued interest receivable23,732
 22,322
Deferred income taxes, net26,316
 29,031
Other assets230,170
 259,515
Total assets$8,716,203
 $8,311,744
Liabilities:   
Deposits$6,620,179
 $6,510,246
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase58,824
 32,169
Federal funds purchased
 30,000
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings1,056,938
 693,681
Junior subordinated debentures106,363
 106,363
Other liabilities129,175
 135,880
Total liabilities7,971,479
 7,508,339
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests10,747
 17,461
Shareholders’ Equity:   
Preferred stock, $1.00 par value; authorized: 2,000,000 shares;
Series D, 6.95% Non-Cumulative Perpetual, issued and outstanding: zero shares at June 30, 2018 and 50,000 shares at December 31, 2017; liquidation preference: $1,000 per share

 47,753
Common stock, $1.00 par value; authorized: 170,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding: 84,478,858 shares at June 30, 2018 and 84,208,538 shares at December 31, 201784,479
 84,208
Additional paid-in capital613,918
 607,929
Retained earnings56,912
 49,526
Accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss)(23,328) (8,658)
Total Company’s shareholders’ equity731,981
 780,758
Noncontrolling interests1,996
 5,186
Total shareholders’ equity733,977
 785,944
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and shareholders’ equity$8,716,203
 $8,311,744
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
 (In thousands, except share and per share data)
Interest and dividend income:       
Loans$64,048
 $57,736
 $124,977
 $111,372
Taxable investment securities1,501
 1,592
 3,011
 3,262
Non-taxable investment securities1,752
 1,655
 3,482
 3,261
Mortgage-backed securities3,049
 3,495
 6,227
 6,999
Short-term investments and other1,205
 831
 2,214
 1,431
Total interest and dividend income71,555
 65,309
 139,911
 126,325
Interest expense:       
Deposits8,365
 4,949
 14,889
 9,480
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings4,447
 2,489
 7,791
 4,600
Junior subordinated debentures1,008
 716
 1,854
 1,387
Repurchase agreements and other short-term borrowings190
 10
 449
 71
Total interest expense14,010
 8,164
 24,983
 15,538
Net interest income57,545
 57,145
 114,928
 110,787
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses453
 (6,114) (1,342) (6,295)
Net interest income after provision/ (credit) for loan losses57,092
 63,259
 116,270
 117,082
Fees and other income:       
Investment management fees4,227
 11,081
 15,652
 21,920
Wealth advisory fees13,693
 12,961
 27,205
 25,784
Wealth management and trust fees11,169
 11,161
 23,320
 21,987
Other banking fee income2,745
 1,964
 5,018
 3,658
Gain on sale of loans, net63
 59
 137
 197
Gain/ (loss) on sale of investments, net7
 237
 (17) 256
Gain/ (loss) on OREO, net
 
 
 (46)
Other191
 555
 523
 768
Total fees and other income32,095
 38,018
 71,838
 74,524
Operating expense:       
Salaries and employee benefits39,433
 43,312
 86,517
 88,977
Occupancy and equipment8,229
 7,283
 15,977
 14,468
Professional services2,872
 3,106
 6,049
 6,420
Marketing and business development2,070
 1,971
 3,663
 3,631
Information systems6,770
 5,500
 12,656
 10,879
Amortization of intangibles749
 1,426
 1,499
 2,852
FDIC insurance708
 879
 1,452
 1,645
Other3,553
 4,344
 7,428
 7,729
Total operating expense64,384
 67,821
 135,241
 136,601
Income before income taxes24,803
 33,456
 52,867
 55,005
Income tax expense17,399
 9,963
 23,425
 16,516
Net income from continuing operations7,404
 23,493
 29,442
 38,489
Net income/ (loss) from discontinued operations(2) 1,063
 1,696
 2,695
Net income before attribution to noncontrolling interests7,402
 24,556
 31,138
 41,184
(Continued)       

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests968
 1,150
 2,018
 2,116
Net income attributable to the Company$6,434
 $23,406
 $29,120
 $39,068
Adjustments to net income attributable to the Company to arrive at net income attributable to common shareholders$(3,524) $(577) $(3,547) $(1,743)
Net income attributable to common shareholders for earnings per share calculation$2,910
 $22,829
 $25,573
 $37,325
Basic earnings per share attributable to common shareholders:       
From continuing operations:$0.03
 $0.27
 $0.29
 $0.42
From discontinued operations:$
 $0.01
 $0.02
 $0.03
Total attributable to common shareholders:$0.03
 $0.28
 $0.31
 $0.45
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding83,509,115
 82,298,493
 83,304,573
 82,125,795
Diluted earnings per share attributable to common shareholders:       
From continuing operations:$0.03
 $0.26
 $0.28
 $0.41
From discontinued operations:$
 $0.01
 $0.02
 $0.03
Total attributable to common shareholders:$0.03
 $0.27
 $0.30
 $0.44
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding85,413,575
 84,741,680
 85,221,974
 84,658,309

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)

 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
 (In thousands)
Net income attributable to the Company$6,434
 $23,406
 $29,120
 $39,068
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net of tax:       
Unrealized gain/ (loss) on securities available-for-sale(1,953) 4,380
 (14,848) 6,474
Reclassification adjustment for net realized (gain)/ loss included in net income
 (141) 
 (152)
Net unrealized gain/ (loss) on securities available-for-sale(1,953) 4,239
 (14,848) 6,322
Unrealized gain/ (loss) on cash flow hedges124
 (246) 712
 (210)
Reclassification adjustment for net realized (gain)/ loss included in net income(187) 206
 (201) 386
Net unrealized gain/ (loss) on cash flow hedges(63) (40) 511
 176
Net unrealized gain/ (loss) on other1
 
 1
 12
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net of tax(2,015) 4,199
 (14,336) 6,510
Total comprehensive income attributable to the Company, net$4,419
 $27,605
 $14,784
 $45,578
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)

 
Preferred
Stock
 
Common
Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income/
(Loss)
 
Non-
controlling
Interests
 Total
 (In thousands, except share data)
Balance, December 31, 2016$47,753
 $83,732
 $597,454
 $47,929
 $(12,548) $4,161
 $768,481
Net income attributable to the Company
 
 
 39,068
 
 
 39,068
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net
 
 
 
 6,510
 
 6,510
Dividends paid to common shareholders: $0.22 per share
 
 
 (18,452) 
 
 (18,452)
Dividends paid to preferred shareholders
 
 
 (1,738) 
 
 (1,738)
Net change in noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 214
 214
Net proceeds from issuance of:             
72,811 shares of common stock
 73
 648
 
 
 
 721
87,419 incentive stock grant shares canceled or forfeited and 62,087 shares withheld for employee taxes
 (150) (819) 
 
 
 (969)
Exercise of warrants
 261
 1,616
 
 
 
 1,877
Amortization of stock compensation and employee stock purchase plan
 
 4,137
 
 
 
 4,137
Stock options exercised
 99
 705
 
 
 
 804
Other equity adjustments
 
 (1,234) 
 
 
 (1,234)
Balance at June 30, 2017$47,753
 $84,015
 $602,507
 $66,807
 $(6,038) $4,375
 $799,419
              
Balance, December 31, 2017$47,753
 $84,208
 $607,929
 $49,526
 $(8,658) $5,186
 $785,944
Reclassification due to change in accounting principles
 
 
 334
 (334) 
 
Net income attributable to the Company
 
 
 29,120
 
 
 29,120
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net
 
 
 
 (14,336) 
 (14,336)
Dividends paid to common shareholders:
$0.24 per share

 
 
 (20,330) 
 
 (20,330)
Dividends paid to preferred shareholders
 
 
 (1,738) 
 
 (1,738)
Net change in noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 (3,190) (3,190)
Redemption of Series D preferred stock(47,753) 
 (2,247) 
 
 
 (50,000)
Net proceeds from issuance of:             
63,434 shares of common stock
 63
 770
 
 
 
 833
126,752 incentive stock grant shares canceled or forfeited and 112,565 shares withheld for employee taxes, net of 2,547 shares of incentive stock grants
 (236) (1,656) 
 
 
 (1,892)
Exercise of warrants
 294
 (273) 
 
 
 21
Amortization of stock compensation and employee stock purchase plan
 
 3,399
 
 
 
 3,399
Stock options exercised
 150
 1,107
 
 
 
 1,257
Other equity adjustments
 
 4,889
 
 
 
 4,889
Balance at June 30, 2018$
 $84,479
 $613,918
 $56,912
 $(23,328) $1,996
 $733,977

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

 Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017
 (In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:   
Net income attributable to the Company$29,120
 $39,068
Adjustments to arrive at net income from continuing operations   
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests2,018
 2,116
Less: Net income from discontinued operations(1,696) (2,695)
Net income from continuing operations29,442
 38,489
Adjustments to reconcile net income from continuing operations to net cash provided by/ (used in) operating activities:   
Depreciation and amortization11,200
 10,575
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(2,018) (2,116)
Stock compensation, net of cancellations3,399
 4,137
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses(1,342) (6,295)
Loans originated for sale(24,260) (19,814)
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale24,486
 20,605
Deferred income tax expense/ (benefit)8,374
 1,240
Net decrease/ (increase) in other operating activities(17,613) (6,434)
Net cash provided by/ (used in) operating activities of continuing operations31,668
 40,387
Net cash provided by/ (used in) operating activities of discontinued operations1,696
 2,695
Net cash provided by/ (used in) operating activities33,364
 43,082
Cash flows from investing activities:   
Investment securities available-for-sale:   
Purchases(32,659) (99,647)
Sales35,550
 103,031
Maturities, redemptions, and principal payments65,712
 78,610
Investment securities held-to-maturity:   
Purchases(11,876) (14,945)
Principal payments7,288
 8,745
(Investments)/ distributions in trusts, net(329) (514)
Purchase of additional Bank Owned Life Insurance (“BOLI”)
 (50,000)
(Purchase)/ redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock(10,154) (1,491)
Net increase in portfolio loans(263,692) (165,426)
Proceeds from recoveries of loans previously charged-off593
 3,748
Proceeds from sale of OREO
 1,644
Capital expenditures, net of sale proceeds(14,453) (6,298)
Proceeds from sale of affiliate34,120
 
Net cash provided by/ (used in) investing activities(189,900) (142,543)
(Continued)   

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

 Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Net increase/ (decrease) in deposits109,933
 296,193
Net increase/ (decrease) in securities sold under agreements to repurchase26,655
 (30,392)
Net increase/ (decrease) in federal funds purchased(30,000) (40,000)
Net increase/ (decrease) in short-term Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings350,000
 (90,000)
Advances of long-term Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings91,444
 46,235
Repayments of long-term Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings(78,187) (71,451)
Redemption of Series D preferred stock(50,000) 
Dividends paid to common shareholders(20,330) (18,452)
Dividends paid to preferred shareholders(1,738) (1,738)
Proceeds from warrant exercises21
 1,877
Proceeds from stock option exercises1,257
 804
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net(1,059) (248)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests(1,958) (2,064)
Other equity adjustments4,496
 (828)
Net cash provided by/ (used in) financing activities400,534
 89,936
Net increase/ (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents243,998
 (9,525)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year120,541
 106,557
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$364,539
 $97,032
Supplementary schedule of non-cash investing and financing activities:   
Cash paid for interest$23,742
 $15,591
Cash paid for income taxes, (net of refunds received)9,827
 16,600
Change in unrealized gain/ (loss) on available-for-sale securities, net of tax(14,848) 6,322
Change in unrealized gain/ (loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax511
 176
Change in unrealized gain/ (loss) on other, net of tax1
 12
Non-cash transactions:   
Loans transferred into other real estate owned from loan portfolio108
 
Loans charged-off(529) (521)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)

 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
 
(In thousands, except share 
and per share data)
Assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$65,756
 $127,259
Investment securities available-for-sale (amortized cost of $960,550 and $1,018,774 at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively)966,731
 994,065
Investment securities held-to-maturity (fair value of $53,929 and $68,595 at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively)54,482
 70,438
Equity securities at fair value19,092
 14,228
Stock in Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank64,453
 49,263
Loans held for sale3,640
 2,812
Total loans7,080,260
 6,893,158
Less: Allowance for loan losses75,067
 75,312
Net loans7,005,193
 6,817,846
Other real estate owned (“OREO”)
 401
Premises and equipment, net40,244
 45,412
Goodwill57,607
 57,607
Intangible assets, net10,884
 12,227
Fees receivable3,611
 5,101
Accrued interest receivable26,411
 24,366
Deferred income taxes, net17,183
 26,638
Right-of-use assets110,880
 
Other assets266,706
 246,962
Total assets$8,712,873
 $8,494,625
Liabilities:   
Deposits$6,437,963
 $6,781,170
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase62,372
 36,928
Federal funds purchased135,000
 250,000
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings920,068
 420,144
Junior subordinated debentures106,363
 106,363
Lease liabilities126,740
 
Other liabilities124,370
 143,540
Total liabilities7,912,876
 7,738,145
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests1,786
 2,526
Shareholders’ Equity:   
Common stock, $1.00 par value; authorized: 170,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding: 83,774,335 shares at June 30, 2019 and 83,655,651 shares at December 31, 201883,774
 83,656
Additional paid-in capital603,869
 600,196
Retained earnings106,443
 87,821
Accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss)4,125
 (17,719)
Total shareholders’ equity798,211
 753,954
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests and shareholders’ equity$8,712,873
 $8,494,625
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
 (In thousands, except share and per share data)
Interest and dividend income:       
Loans$71,943
 $64,048
 $141,876
 $124,977
Taxable investment securities1,121
 1,501
 2,306
 3,011
Non-taxable investment securities1,901
 1,752
 3,802
 3,482
Mortgage-backed securities2,706
 3,049
 5,603
 6,227
Short-term investments and other1,057
 1,205
 1,965
 2,214
Total interest and dividend income78,728
 71,555
 155,552
 139,911
Interest expense:       
Deposits14,515
 8,365
 28,573
 14,889
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings5,027
 4,447
 7,807
 7,791
Junior subordinated debentures1,080
 1,008
 2,201
 1,854
Repurchase agreements and other short-term borrowings646
 190
 1,173
 449
Total interest expense21,268
 14,010
 39,754
 24,983
Net interest income57,460
 57,545
 115,798
 114,928
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses1,363
 453
 (63) (1,342)
Net interest income after provision/ (credit) for loan losses56,097
 57,092
 115,861
 116,270
Fees and other income:       
Investment management fees2,455
 4,227
 5,105
 15,652
Wealth advisory fees8,141
 13,693
 16,306
 27,205
Wealth management and trust fees10,771
 11,169
 21,664
 23,320
Other banking fee income2,867
 2,745
 5,366
 5,018
Gain on sale of loans, net58
 63
 131
 137
Gain/ (loss) on sale of investments, net
 7
 
 (17)
Gain/ (loss) on OREO, net
 
 91
 
Other88
 191
 965
 523
Total fees and other income24,380
 32,095
 49,628
 71,838
Operating expense:       
Salaries and employee benefits32,706
 39,433
 68,432
 86,517
Occupancy and equipment7,852
 8,229
 16,200
 15,977
Professional services3,313
 2,872
 6,873
 6,049
Marketing and business development1,934
 2,070
 3,019
 3,663
Information systems5,137
 6,770
 10,997
 12,656
Amortization of intangibles672
 749
 1,344
 1,499
FDIC insurance585
 708
 1,245
 1,452
Restructuring
 
 1,646
 
Other3,460
 3,553
 6,456
 7,428
Total operating expense55,659
 64,384
 116,212
 135,241
Income before income taxes24,818
 24,803
 49,277
 52,867
Income tax expense5,369
 17,399
 10,286
 23,425
Net income from continuing operations19,449
 7,404
 38,991
 29,442
Net income/ (loss) from discontinued operations
 (2) 
 1,696
Net income before attribution to noncontrolling interests19,449
 7,402
 38,991
 31,138
(Continued)       

7

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (Unaudited)

 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests69
 968
 169
 2,018
Net income attributable to the Company$19,380
 $6,434
 $38,822
 $29,120
Adjustments to net income attributable to the Company to arrive at net income attributable to common shareholders(816) (3,524) 741
 (3,547)
Net income attributable to common shareholders for earnings per share calculation$18,564
 $2,910
 $39,563
 $25,573
Basic earnings per share attributable to common shareholders:       
From continuing operations:$0.22
 $0.03
 $0.47
 $0.29
From discontinued operations:$
 $
 $
 $0.02
Total attributable to common shareholders:$0.22
 $0.03
 $0.47
 $0.31
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding83,565,780
 83,509,115
 83,426,213
 83,304,573
Diluted earnings per share attributable to common shareholders:       
From continuing operations:$0.22
 $0.03
 $0.47
 $0.28
From discontinued operations:$
 $
 $
 $0.02
Total attributable to common shareholders:$0.22
 $0.03
 $0.47
 $0.30
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding84,048,972
 85,413,575
 84,036,050
 85,221,974

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)

 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
 (In thousands)
Net income attributable to the Company$19,380
 $6,434
 $38,822
 $29,120
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net of tax:       
Net unrealized gain/ (loss) on securities available-for-sale10,665
 (1,953) 22,233
 (14,848)
Unrealized gain/ (loss) on cash flow hedges(6) 124
 (33) 712
Reclassification adjustment for net realized (gain)/ loss included in net income(136) (187) (356) (201)
Net unrealized gain/ (loss) on cash flow hedges(142) (63) (389) 511
Net unrealized gain/ (loss) on other
 1
 
 1
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net of tax10,523
 (2,015) 21,844
 (14,336)
Total comprehensive income attributable to the Company, net$29,903
 $4,419
 $60,666
 $14,784
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)

 
Preferred
Stock
 
Common
Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Retained
Earnings
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income/
(Loss)
 
Non-
controlling
Interests
 Total
 (In thousands, except share data)
Balance, December 31, 2017$47,753
 $84,208
 $607,929
 $49,526
 $(8,658) $5,186
 $785,944
Reclassification due to change in accounting principles (1)
 
 
 334
 (334) 
 
Net income attributable to the Company
 
 
 29,120
 
 
 29,120
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net
 
 
 
 (14,336) 
 (14,336)
Dividends paid to common shareholders: $0.24 per share
 
 
 (20,330) 
 
 (20,330)
Dividends paid to preferred shareholders
 
 
 (1,738) 
 
 (1,738)
Net change in noncontrolling interests
 
 
 
 
 (3,190) (3,190)
Redemption of Series D preferred stock(47,753) 
 (2,247) 
 
 
 (50,000)
Net proceeds from issuance of:             
63,434 shares of common stock
 63
 770
 
 
 
 833
2,547 shares of incentive stock grants, net of 126,752 shares canceled or forfeited and 112,565 shares withheld for employee taxes

 (236) (1,656) 
 
 
 (1,892)
Exercise of warrants
 294
 (273) 
 
 
 21
Amortization of stock compensation and employee stock purchase plan
 
 3,399
 
 
 
 3,399
Stock options exercised
 150
 1,107
 
 
 
 1,257
Other equity adjustments
 
 4,889
 
 
 
 4,889
Balance at June 30, 2018$
 $84,479
 $613,918
 $56,912
 $(23,328) $1,996
 $733,977
              
Balance, December 31, 2018$
 $83,656
 $600,196
 $87,821
 $(17,719) $
 $753,954
Net income attributable to the Company
 
 
 38,822
 
 
 38,822
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net
 
 
 
 21,844
 
 21,844
Dividends paid to common shareholders:
$0.24 per share

 
 
 (20,200) 
 
 (20,200)
Net proceeds from issuance of:             
143,147 shares of common stock
 143
 990
 
 
 
 1,133
37,511 shares of incentive stock grants, net of 9,377 shares canceled or forfeited and 115,173 shares withheld for employee taxes
 (88) (587) 
 
 
 (675)
Amortization of stock compensation and employee stock purchase plan
 
 2,340
 
 
 
 2,340
Stock options exercised
 63
 372
 
 
 
 435
Other equity adjustments
 
 558
 
 
 
 558
Balance at June 30, 2019$
 $83,774
 $603,869
 $106,443
 $4,125
 $
 $798,211
_____________________
(1) Reclassification due to the adoption of ASU 2016-01 and ASU 2017-12. See Part I. Item 1. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 15: Recent Accounting Pronouncements.”

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

 Six months ended June 30,
 2019 2018
 (In thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:   
Net income attributable to the Company$38,822
 $29,120
Adjustments to arrive at net income from continuing operations   
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests169
 2,018
Less: Net income from discontinued operations
 (1,696)
Net income from continuing operations38,991
 29,442
Adjustments to reconcile net income from continuing operations to net cash provided by/ (used in) operating activities:   
Depreciation and amortization11,712
 11,200
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(169) (2,018)
Stock compensation, net of cancellations2,933
 3,421
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses(63) (1,342)
Loans originated for sale(17,103) (24,260)
Proceeds from sale of loans held for sale16,406
 24,486
Deferred income tax expense/ (benefit)959
 8,374
Increase in right-of-use assets(2,419) 
Increase in operating lease liabilities2,476
 
Net decrease/ (increase) in other operating activities(26,560) (17,613)
Net cash provided by/ (used in) operating activities of continuing operations27,163
 31,690
Net cash provided by/ (used in) operating activities of discontinued operations
 1,696
Net cash provided by/ (used in) operating activities27,163
 33,386
Cash flows from investing activities:   
Investment securities available-for-sale:   
Purchases(9,845) (9,985)
Sales
 24
Maturities, calls, redemptions, and principal payments64,230
 65,712
Investment securities held-to-maturity:   
Purchases
 (11,876)
Maturities, calls, and principal payments

15,872
 7,288
Equity securities at fair value:   
Purchases(35,349) (22,674)
Sales30,485
 35,526
(Investments)/ distributions in trusts, net504
 (329)
Contingent considerations from divestitures2,019
 
(Purchase)/ redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank and Federal Reserve Bank stock(15,190) (10,154)
Net increase in portfolio loans(188,548) (263,692)
Proceeds from recoveries of loans previously charged-off577
 593
Proceeds from sale of OREO492
 
Capital expenditures(811) (14,453)
Proceeds from sale of affiliate
 34,120
Net cash provided by/ (used in) investing activities(135,564) (189,900)
(Continued)   

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

 Six months ended June 30,
 2019 2018
 (In thousands)
Cash flows from financing activities:   
Net increase/ (decrease) in deposits(343,207) 109,933
Net increase/ (decrease) in securities sold under agreements to repurchase25,444
 26,655
Net increase/ (decrease) in federal funds purchased(115,000) (30,000)
Net increase/ (decrease) in short-term Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings340,000
 350,000
Advances of long-term Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings290,000
 91,444
Repayments of long-term Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings(130,076) (78,187)
Redemption of Series D preferred stock
 (50,000)
Dividends paid to common shareholders(20,200) (20,330)
Dividends paid to preferred shareholders
 (1,738)
Proceeds from warrant exercises
 21
Proceeds from stock option exercises435
 1,257
Proceeds from issuance of common stock1,133
 833
Tax withholding for share based compensation awards(1,268) (1,914)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests(169) (1,958)
Other equity adjustments(194) 4,496
Net cash provided by/ (used in) financing activities46,898
 400,512
Net increase/ (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents(61,503) 243,998
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year127,259
 120,541
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$65,756
 $364,539
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow items:   
Cash paid for interest$37,382
 $23,742
Cash paid for income taxes, (net of refunds received)14,277
 9,827
Change in unrealized gain/ (loss) on available-for-sale securities, net of tax22,233
 (14,848)
Change in unrealized gain/ (loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax(389) 511
Change in unrealized gain/ (loss) on other, net of tax
 1
Non-cash transactions:   
Loans transferred into other real estate owned from loan portfolio
 108
Loans charged-off(759) (529)
Assets transferred into/ (out of) other assets held for sale
 21

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements






1.     Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc. (the “Company” or “BPFH”), is a bank holding company (the “Holding Company”) with fourthree reportable segments: Private Banking, Wealth Management and Trust, Investment Management, and Wealth Advisory.Affiliate Partners.
The Private Banking segment is comprised of the banking operations of Boston Private Bank & Trust Company (the “Bank” or “Boston Private Bank”), a trust company chartered by The Commonwealth of Massachusetts, whose deposits are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”), and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. Boston Private Bank is a member of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. Boston Private Bank primarily operates in three geographic markets: New England, the San Francisco Bay Area, and Southern California. The Private Banking segment is principally engaged in providing private banking services to high net worth individuals, privately-owned businesses and partnerships, and nonprofit organizations. In addition, the Private Banking segment is an active provider of financing for affordable housing, first-time homebuyers, economic development, social services, community revitalization and small businesses.
The Wealth Management and Trust segment is comprised of the operations of Boston Private Wealth LLC (“Boston Private Wealth”), an independent registered investment adviser (“RIA”), which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Boston Privatethe Bank, and the trust operations of Boston Private Bank. The segment offers investment management,provides comprehensive wealth management retirement plan advisory,solutions for high net worth individuals and families, including customized investment solutions, wealth planning, trust, and family office financial planning, and trust services to individuals, families, and institutions.services. The Wealth Management and Trust segment operates in New England;England, Southeast Florida; Naples, Florida; California;Florida, the San Francisco Bay Area, and Madison, Wisconsin.Southern California.
The Investment ManagementIn 2019, the Affiliate Partners segment had two consolidated affiliates,is comprised solely of Dalton, Greiner, Hartman, Maher & Co., LLC (“DGHM”) and KLS Professional Advisors Group, LLC (“KLS”), each of which are RIAs. DGHM serves the needs of pension funds, endowments, trusts, foundations and select institutions, mutual funds and high net worth individuals and their families throughout the United States and abroad. DGHM specializes in value-driven equity portfolios with products across the capitalization spectrum. DGHM is located in New York, with one affiliate administrative office in South Florida. KLS provides comprehensive, planning-based financial strategies to high net worth individuals and their families, and nonprofit institutions. The firm offers services such as fee-only financial planning, tax planning, tax preparation, estate and insurance planning, retirement planning, charitable planning and intergenerational gifting and succession planning. KLS manages investments covering a wide range of asset classes for both taxable and tax-exempt portfolios. KLS has offices in New York and Southern California. Together, the Wealth Management and Trust and Affiliate Partners segments are referred to as the “Wealth and Investment” businesses.
Prior to 2019, the Affiliate Partners segment had four consolidated affiliates included in its results: DGHM; KLS; Anchor Capital Advisors, LLC (“Anchor”) (together, the “Investment Managers”) included in its results for the first quarter of 2018. The assets; and liabilities of Anchor were classified as held for sale as of March 31, 2018 and December 31, 2017. Assets held for sale were $58.8 million at December 31, 2017, and liabilities held for sale were $3.2 million at December 31, 2017.Bingham, Osborn & Scarborough, LLC (“BOS”). In December 2017, the Company entered into an agreement to sell its entire ownership interest in Anchor in a transaction that would result in Anchor being majority-owned by members of its management team. The transaction closed in April 2018. In October 2018, the Company entered into an agreement to sell its entire ownership interest in BOS to the management team of BOS, which closed in December 2018. The Investment Management segment results of Anchor and BOS for the second quarterperiods held through the respective closing dates are included in the results of 2018 include results from DGHM for the full quarterAffiliate Partners segment and results from Anchor for the portion of April before the transaction was closed.
The Wealth Advisory segment has two consolidated affiliates, consisting of KLS Professional Advisors Group, LLC (“KLS”) and Bingham, Osborn & Scarborough, LLC (“BOS”) (together, the “Wealth Advisors” and, together with the Wealth Management and Trust, and Investment Management segments, the “Wealth and Investment businesses”).Company.
The Company conducts substantially all of its business through its fourthree reportable segments. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.consolidation, and the portion of income allocated to the owners of DGHM, Anchor, and BOS other than the Company is included in “Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests” in the consolidated statements of operations for the periods owned. Redeemable noncontrolling interests in the consolidated balance sheets reflect the maximum redemption value of agreements with other owners.
The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”), and include all necessary adjustments of a normal recurring nature, which, in the opinion of management, are required for a fair presentation of the results of operations and financial condition of the Company. The interim results of consolidated operations are not necessarily indicative of the results for the entire year.
The information in this report should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017,2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Prior period amounts are reclassified whenever necessary to conform to the current period presentation. The Company identified an immaterial change relating to the presentation of equity securities at fair value in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The impact was a change in the presentation of cash flows relating to


$22.7 million of purchases and $35.5 million of sales for the six months ended June 30, 2018, which were previously presented as investment securities available-for-sale but should have been presented as equity securities at fair value, within investing activities in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.
The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017,2018, as filed with the SEC. For interim reporting purposes, the Company follows the same significant accounting policies, except for the following new accounting pronouncements from the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) that were adopted effective January 1, 2018:2019:
Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities (“ASU 2017-12”). As a result of implementing this standard, the Company reclassified $5 thousand in unrealized losses on derivatives related to hedge ineffectiveness from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings as of January 1, 2018. This ASU will provide more flexibility in the Company’s risk management activities and we believe it will enhance the Company’s ability to employ risk management strategies, while improving the transparency and understanding of those strategies for financial statement users.


ASU 2017-07, Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (“ASU 2017-07”). This amendment requires an employer to report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. The other components of net benefit cost are required to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of income from operations, if one is presented. As a result of the retrospective adoption of this ASU, $181 thousand and $341 thousand for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017, respectively, has been reclassified from salaries and employee benefits expense to other expense within the Company’s consolidated statement of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, $145 thousand and $280 thousand, respectively, is presented within other expense that would have been presented within salaries and employee benefits prior to adoption of ASU 2017-07.
ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) (“ASU 2016-15”).  This update is intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. This ASU is effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2018. The guidance requires application using a retrospective transition method. This ASU did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“ASU 2016-01”). This amendment requires equity investments to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value, net of tax, recognized in net income. As a result of implementing this standard, the Company reclassified $339 thousand in unrealized gains on available-for-sale equity investments, net of tax, from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings as of January 1, 2018. Additionally, this amendment requires that entities use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes. As a result of implementing this standard, the Company’s updated process includes identifying a fair value for loans using the exit price notion. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 5: Fair Value Measurements” for further details.
ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”), which was subsequently amended by additional ASUs, including ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net) and ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, collectively, “ASU 2014-09 et al.” ASU 2014-09 et al. was adopted using the modified retrospective transition method as of January 1, 2018, however no cumulative effect adjustment was required. This new guidance was applied to all revenue contracts in place at the date of adoption. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 13: Revenue Recognition” for further details.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (“ASU 2016-02”). This update and the related amendments to Topic 842 require lessees to recognize leases on-balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU No. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases (“ASU 2018-10”); ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842), Targeted Improvements (“ASU 2018-11”); and ASU No. 2019-01, Leases (Topic 842), Codification Improvements (“ASU 2019-01”). The new standard establishes a right-of-use model (“ROU”) that requires a lessee to recognize a ROU asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with a term longer than 12 months. Leases are classified as finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the income statement. The new standard was effective on January 1, 2019 and the Company adopted these provisions on January 1, 2019. The most significant effects relate to the recognition of new ROU assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for real estate operating leases, providing significant new disclosures about leasing activities, and the impact of additional assets on certain financial measures such as capital ratios and return on average asset ratios. Additionally, the Company elected the package of practical expedients, as prescribed by ASU 2016-02. The Company elected not to reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases nor the lease classification of those leases. The Company also elected not to reassess any initial direct costs for any existing leases. On adoption, the Company recognized approximately $124 million of lease liabilities and $108 million of ROU assets.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force) (“ASU 2018-15”). The amendments in ASU 2018-15 align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license). The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is not affected by the amendments in ASU 2018-15. This update is effective on a retrospective basis for the Company beginning January 1, 2021. The Company early adopted this update on January 1, 2019. The adoption of this update did not have an impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-16, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) Overnight Index Swap (“OIS”) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting (“ASU 2018-16”). ASU 2018-16 introduces OIS Rate based on the SOFR as an acceptable US benchmark interest rate for purposes of applying hedge accounting under Topic 815. This update is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 because the Company has already adopted ASU 2017-12. The Company adopted this update on January 1, 2019. The adoption of this update did not have an impact on the consolidated financial statements.



9

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


2.    Earnings Per Share
The treasury stock method of calculating earnings per share (“EPS”) is presented below for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 20172018. The following tables present the computations of basic and diluted EPS:
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018 2019 2018
(In thousands, except share and per share data)(In thousands, except share and per share data)
Basic earnings per share - Numerator:              
Net income from continuing operations$7,404
 $23,493
 $29,442
 $38,489
$19,449
 $7,404
 $38,991
 $29,442
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests968
 1,150
 2,018
 2,116
69
 968
 169
 2,018
Net income from continuing operations attributable to the Company6,436
 22,343
 27,424
 36,373
19,380
 6,436
 38,822
 27,424
Decrease/ (increase) in noncontrolling interests’ redemption values (1)(408) 292
 438
 (5)(816) (408) 741
 438
Dividends on preferred stock (2)(3,116) (869) (3,985) (1,738)
 (3,116) 
 (3,985)
Total adjustments to income attributable to common shareholders(3,524) (577) (3,547) (1,743)(816) (3,524) 741
 (3,547)
Net income from continuing operations attributable to common shareholders, treasury stock method2,912
 21,766
 23,877
 34,630
18,564
 2,912
 39,563
 23,877
Net income/ (loss) from discontinued operations(2) 1,063
 1,696
 2,695
Net income from discontinued operations
 (2) 
 1,696
Net income attributable to common shareholders, treasury stock method$2,910
 $22,829
 $25,573
 $37,325
$18,564
 $2,910
 $39,563
 $25,573
              
Basic earnings per share - Denominator:              
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding83,509,115
 82,298,493
 83,304,573
 82,125,795
83,565,780
 83,509,115
 83,426,213
 83,304,573
Per share data - Basic earnings per share from:              
Continuing operations$0.03
 $0.27
 $0.29
 $0.42
$0.22
 $0.03
 $0.47
 $0.29
Discontinued operations$
 $0.01
 $0.02
 $0.03
$
 $
 $
 $0.02
Total attributable to common shareholders$0.03
 $0.28
 $0.31
 $0.45
$0.22
 $0.03
 $0.47
 $0.31




10

 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
 (In thousands, except share and per share data)
Diluted earnings per share - Numerator:       
Net income from continuing operations attributable to common shareholders, after assumed dilution$18,564
 $2,912
 $39,563
 $23,877
Net income from discontinued operations
 (2) 
 1,696
Net income attributable to common shareholders, after assumed dilution$18,564
 $2,910
 $39,563
 $25,573
Diluted earnings per share - Denominator:       
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding83,565,780
 83,509,115
 83,426,213
 83,304,573
Dilutive effect of:       
Time-based and market-based stock options, performance-based and time-based restricted stock, and performance-based and time-based restricted stock units, and other dilutive securities (2)483,192
 1,076,049
 609,837
 1,112,938
Warrants to purchase common stock
 828,411
 
 804,463
Dilutive common shares483,192
 1,904,460
 609,837
 1,917,401
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding (2)84,048,972
 85,413,575
 84,036,050
 85,221,974
Per share data - Diluted earnings per share from:       
Continuing operations$0.22
 $0.03
 $0.47
 $0.28
Discontinued operations$
 $
 $
 $0.02
Total attributable to common shareholders$0.22
 $0.03
 $0.47
 $0.30
Dividends per share declared and paid on common stock$0.12
 $0.12
 $0.24
 $0.24
_____________________
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
 (In thousands, except share and per share data)
Diluted earnings per share - Numerator:       
Net income from continuing operations attributable to common shareholders, after assumed dilution$2,912
 $21,766
 $23,877
 $34,630
Net income/ (loss) from discontinued operations(2) 1,063
 1,696
 2,695
Net income attributable to common shareholders, after assumed dilution$2,910
 $22,829
 $25,573
 $37,325
Diluted earnings per share - Denominator:       
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding83,509,115
 82,298,493
 83,304,573
 82,125,795
Dilutive effect of:       
Stock options, performance-based and time-based restricted stock, and performance-based and time-based restricted stock units, and other dilutive securities (3)1,076,049
 1,338,939
 1,112,938
 1,394,605
Warrants to purchase common stock (3)828,411
 1,104,248
 804,463
 1,137,909
Dilutive common shares1,904,460
 2,443,187
 1,917,401
 2,532,514
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding (3)85,413,575
 84,741,680
 85,221,974
 84,658,309
Per share data - Diluted earnings per share from:       
Continuing operations$0.03
 $0.26
 $0.28
 $0.41
Discontinued operations$
 $0.01
 $0.02
 $0.03
Total attributable to common shareholders$0.03
 $0.27
 $0.30
 $0.44
Dividends per share declared and paid on common stock$0.12
 $0.11
 $0.24
 $0.22
_____________________
(1)
See Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 14: Noncontrolling Interests” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20172018 for a description of the redemption values related to the redeemable noncontrolling interests. In accordance with the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”), an increase in redemption value from period to period reduces income attributable to common shareholders. Decreases in redemption value from period to period increase income attributable to common shareholders, but only to the extent that the cumulative change in redemption value remains a cumulative increase since adoption of this standard in the first quarter of 2009.
(2)Consideration paid in excess of carrying value for the redemption of the 6.95% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series D (“the Series D preferred stock”) of $2.2 million is considered a deemed dividend and, for purposes of calculating EPS, reduces net income attributable to common shareholders for the three and six month ended June 30, 2018.
(3)The diluted EPS computations for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 20172018 do not assume the conversion, exercise, or contingent issuance of the following shares for the following periods because the result would have been anti-dilutive for the periods indicated. As a result of the anti-dilution, the potential common shares excluded from the diluted EPS computation are as follows:
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Shares excluded due to exercise price exceeding the average market price of common shares during the period (total outstanding):(In thousands)
Potential common shares from:       
Options, restricted stock, or other dilutive securities750
 16
 820
 136
Total shares excluded due to exercise price exceeding the average market price of common shares during the period750
 16
 820
 136

 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Shares excluded due to exercise price exceeding the average market price of common shares during the period (total outstanding):(In thousands)
Potential common shares from:       
Stock options16
 54
 136
 87
Total shares excluded due to exercise price exceeding the average market price of common shares during the period16
 54
 136
 87



11

3. Reportable Segments
Management Reporting
The Company has three reportable segments: Private Banking, Wealth Management and Trust, and Affiliate Partners, as well as the Parent Company (Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.) (the “Holding Company”). The financial performance of the Company is managed and evaluated by these three segments. The segments are managed separately as a result of the concentrations in each function.
The Company’s CEO is the Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”). The Company’s CEO is also the CEO of the Bank which comprises the Private Banking segment. The President of Private Banking, Wealth Management and Trust oversees the Wealth Management and Trust segment and reports to the CEO of the Company. The day-to-day activities of the Company’s affiliates (within the Affiliate Partners segment) are managed by the affiliate CEOs. Executive management has authority with respect to the allocation of capital within their segments, management oversight responsibility, performance assessments, and overall authority and accountability for all of the affiliates within their segment. The Company’s CEO communicates with the affiliate CEOs and the President of Private Banking, Wealth Management and Trust regarding profit and loss responsibility, strategic planning, priority setting and other matters. The Company’s Chief Financial Officer reviews all affiliate financial detail with the CODM on a monthly basis.
Description of Reportable Segments
Private Banking
The Private Banking segment operates primarily in three geographic markets: New England, the San Francisco Bay Area, and Southern California.
The Bank currently conducts business under the name of Boston Private Bank & Trust Company in all markets. The Bank is chartered by The Commonwealth of Massachusetts and is insured by the FDIC. The Bank is principally engaged in providing private banking services to high net worth individuals, privately owned businesses and partnerships, and nonprofit organizations. In addition, the Bank is an active provider of financing for affordable housing, first-time homebuyers, economic development, social services, community revitalization and small businesses.
Wealth Management and Trust
The Wealth Management and Trust segment is comprised of the trust operations of the Bank and the operations of Boston Private Wealth. The segment offers investment management, wealth management, family office, and trust services to individuals, families, and institutions. The Wealth Management and Trust segment operates in New England, Southeast Florida, the San Francisco Bay Area, and Southern California.
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


3.    Reportable segmentsAffiliate Partners
Management Reporting
The Affiliate Partners segment is comprised of DGHM and KLS, each of which are RIAs.

DGHM serves the needs of pension funds, endowments, trusts, foundations and select institutions, mutual funds and high net worth individuals and their families throughout the United States and abroad. DGHM specializes in value-driven equity portfolios with products across the capitalization spectrum. DGHM is located in New York, with one affiliate administrative office in South Florida.

KLS provides comprehensive, planning-based financial strategies to high net worth individuals and their families, and nonprofit institutions. The services the firm offers include fee-only financial planning, tax planning, tax preparation, estate and insurance planning, retirement planning, charitable planning and intergenerational gifting and succession planning. KLS manages investments covering a wide range of asset classes for both taxable and tax-exempt portfolios. KLS is located in New York and Southern California.

The Company has previously had four reportable segments (Private Banking, Wealth Management and Trust,whereby the Affiliate Partners segment was bifurcated into two segments: Investment Management and Wealth Advisory),Advisors. At the start of 2018, both the Investment Management and Wealth Advisors segments each had two consolidated affiliates. On April 13, 2018, the Company completed the sale of its ownership interest in Anchor. Anchor was previously in the Investment Management segment. On December 3, 2018, the Company completed the sale of its ownership interest in BOS. BOS was previously in the Wealth Advisory segment. The results of Anchor and BOS for the periods owned are included in the results of the Affiliate Partners segment and the Holding Company (Boston Private Financial Holdings, Inc.). The financial performance ofCompany. See Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 3: Asset Sales and Divestitures” in the Company is managed and evaluated by these four areas. The segments are managed separately as a result ofCompany’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the concentrations in each function.year ended December 31, 2018 for additional information.
Measurement of Segment Profit and Assets
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.
Revenues, expenses, and assets are recorded by each segment, and separate financial statements are reviewed by their management and the Company’s segment chief executive officers.Policies.”
Reconciliation of Reportable Segment Items
The following tables present a reconciliation of the revenues, profits, assets, and other significant items of reportable segments as of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 2017.2018. Interest expense on junior subordinated debentures is reported at the Holding Company.
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018 2019 2018
Private Banking(In thousands)(In thousands)
Net interest income$58,447
 $57,783
 $116,578
 $112,039
$58,419
 $58,447
 $117,756
 $116,578
Fees and other income2,825
 2,634
 5,300
 4,462
2,804
 2,825
 6,062
 5,300
Total revenues61,272
 60,417
 121,878
 116,501
61,223
 61,272
 123,818
 121,878
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses453
 (6,114) (1,342) (6,295)1,363
 453
 (63) (1,342)
Operating expense(1)39,670
 36,904
 79,297
 71,962
37,805
 39,670
 79,122
 79,297
Income before income taxes21,149
 29,627
 43,923
 50,834
22,055
 21,149
 44,759
 43,923
Income tax expense3,981
 9,209
 8,594
 15,478
4,878
 3,981
 9,308
 8,594
Net income from continuing operations17,168
 20,418
 35,329
 35,356
17,177
 17,168
 35,451
 35,329
Net income attributable to the Company$17,168
 $20,418
 $35,329
 $35,356
$17,177
 $17,168
 $35,451
 $35,329
              
Assets$8,637,774
 $7,951,911
 $8,637,774
 $7,951,911
$8,619,399
 $8,637,774
 $8,619,399
 $8,637,774
Depreciation$2,031
 $1,343
 $3,615
 $2,714
$2,373
 $2,031
 $5,043
 $3,615
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Wealth Management and Trust(In thousands)
Fees and other income$11,293
 $11,274
 $23,567
 $22,195
Operating expense11,058
 11,937
 21,752
 25,810
Income/ (loss) before income taxes235
 (663) 1,815
 (3,615)
Income tax expense/ (benefit)34
 (239) 509
 (1,405)
Net income/ (loss) from continuing operations201
 (424) 1,306
 (2,210)
Net income/ (loss) attributable to the Company$201
 $(424) $1,306
 $(2,210)
        
Assets$73,202
 $74,842
 $73,202
 $74,842
Amortization of intangibles$701
 $727
 $1,402
 $1,454
Depreciation$334
 $341
 $655
 $678

12

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018 2019 2018
Investment Management (1)(In thousands)
Net interest income$2
 $4
 $6
 $8
Wealth Management and Trust(In thousands)
Fees and other income4,234
 11,091
 15,642
 21,950
$10,815
 $11,293
 $21,776
 $23,567
Total revenues4,236
 11,095
 15,648
 21,958
Operating expense3,120
 8,346
 11,645
 16,700
Operating expense (1)9,438
 11,058
 19,681
 21,752
Income before income taxes1,116
 2,749
 4,003
 5,258
1,377
 235
 2,095
 1,815
Income tax expense249
 894
 920
 1,738
417
 34
 620
 509
Net income from continuing operations867
 1,855
 3,083
 3,520
960
 201
 1,475
 1,306
Noncontrolling interests202
 512
 690
 974
Net income attributable to the Company$665
 $1,343
 $2,393
 $2,546
$960
 $201
 $1,475
 $1,306
              
Assets$7,189
 $91,915
 $7,189
 $91,915
$89,659
 $73,202
 $89,659
 $73,202
Amortization of intangibles$
 $651
 $
 $1,301
$672
 $701
 $1,344
 $1,402
Depreciation$32
 $61
 $66
 $127
$252
 $334
 $539
 $655
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018 2019 2018
Wealth Advisory(In thousands)
Affiliate Partners (2)(In thousands)
Net interest income$77
 $29
 $125
 $46
$104
 $79
 $210
 $131
Fees and other income13,717
 12,980
 27,256
 25,823
10,596
 17,951
 21,411
 42,898
Total revenues13,794
 13,009
 27,381
 25,869
10,700
 18,030
 21,621
 43,029
Operating expense9,227
 8,943
 19,763
 18,386
7,070
 12,347
 14,543
 31,408
Income before income taxes4,567
 4,066
 7,618
 7,483
3,630
 5,683
 7,078
 11,621
Income tax expense1,214
 1,511
 2,000
 2,798
1,199
 1,463
 2,299
 2,920
Net income from continuing operations3,353
 2,555
 5,618
 4,685
2,431
 4,220
 4,779
 8,701
Noncontrolling interests766
 638
 1,328
 1,142
69
 968
 169
 2,018
Net income attributable to the Company$2,587
 $1,917
 $4,290
 $3,543
$2,362
 $3,252
 $4,610
 $6,683
              
Assets$76,175
 $75,247
 $76,175
 $75,247
$71,466
 $83,364
 $71,466
 $83,364
Amortization of intangibles$48
 $48
 $97
 $97
$
 $48
 $
 $97
Depreciation$164
 $235
 $327
 $461
$130
 $196
 $257
 $393
13

 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Holding Company and Eliminations(In thousands)
Net interest income$(1,063) $(981) $(2,168) $(1,781)
Fees and other income165
 26
 379
 73
Total revenues(898) (955) (1,789) (1,708)
Operating expense1,346
 1,309
 2,866
 2,784
Income/ (loss) before income taxes(2,244) (2,264) (4,655) (4,492)
Income tax expense/ (benefit)(1,125) 11,921
 (1,941) 11,402
Net income/ (loss) from continuing operations(1,119) (14,185) (2,714) (15,894)
Discontinued operations (3)
 (2) 
 1,696
Net income/ (loss) attributable to the Company$(1,119) $(14,187) $(2,714) $(14,198)
        
Assets (including eliminations)$(67,651) $(78,137) $(67,651) $(78,137)
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
Total Company (2)(In thousands)
Net interest income$57,460
 $57,545
 $115,798
 $114,928
Fees and other income24,380
 32,095
 49,628
 71,838
Total revenues81,840
 89,640
 165,426
 186,766
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses1,363
 453
 (63) (1,342)
Operating expense55,659
 64,384
 116,212
 135,241
Income before income taxes24,818
 24,803
 49,277
 52,867
Income tax expense5,369
 17,399
 10,286
 23,425
Net income from continuing operations19,449
 7,404
 38,991
 29,442
Noncontrolling interests69
 968
 169
 2,018
Discontinued operations (3)
 (2) 
 1,696
Net income attributable to the Company$19,380
 $6,434
 $38,822
 $29,120
        
Assets$8,712,873
 $8,716,203
 $8,712,873
 $8,716,203
Amortization of intangibles$672
 $749
 $1,344
 $1,499
Depreciation$2,755
 $2,561
 $5,839
 $4,663
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Holding Company and Eliminations(In thousands)
Net interest income$(981) $(671) $(1,781) $(1,306)
Fees and other income26
 39
 73
 94
Total revenues(955) (632) (1,708) (1,212)
Operating expense1,309
 1,691
 2,784
 3,743
Income/ (loss) before income taxes(2,264) (2,323) (4,492) (4,955)
Income tax expense/ (benefit) (2)11,921
 (1,412) 11,402
 (2,093)
Net income/ (loss) from continuing operations(14,185) (911) (15,894) (2,862)
Discontinued operations(2) 1,063
 1,696
 2,695
Net income/ (loss) attributable to the Company$(14,187) $152
 $(14,198) $(167)
        
Assets (including eliminations)$(78,137) $(86,269) $(78,137) $(86,269)
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
Total Company(In thousands)
Net interest income$57,545
 $57,145
 $114,928
 $110,787
Fees and other income32,095
 38,018
 71,838
 74,524
Total revenues89,640
 95,163
 186,766
 185,311
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses453
 (6,114) (1,342) (6,295)
Operating expense64,384
 67,821
 135,241
 136,601
Income before income taxes24,803
 33,456
 52,867
 55,005
Income tax expense17,399
 9,963
 23,425
 16,516
Net income from continuing operations7,404
 23,493
 29,442
 38,489
Noncontrolling interests968
 1,150
 2,018
 2,116
Discontinued operations(2) 1,063
 1,696
 2,695
Net income attributable to the Company$6,434
 $23,406
 $29,120
 $39,068
        
Assets$8,716,203
 $8,107,646
 $8,716,203
 $8,107,646
Amortization of intangibles$749
 $1,426
 $1,499
 $2,852
Depreciation$2,561
 $1,980
 $4,663
 $3,980

_____________________
(1)ResultsOperating expense related to the Private Banking and Wealth Management & Trust segments includes restructuring expense for the Investment Management segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017 include results for DGHM2019 of $1.3 million and Anchor. Results for the Investment Management segment for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 include results for DGHM and results for Anchor through its sale date in April 2018. Assets for the Investment Management Segment at June 30, 2017 include assets of DGHM and Anchor. Assets for the Investment Management segment at June 30, 2018 include assets of DGHM.$0.4 million, respectively.
(2)Income tax expense/ (benefit)The results of Anchor and BOS for the threeperiods owned in 2018 are included in the results of the Affiliate Partners segment and the Company.
(3)The Holding Company and Eliminations calculation of net income attributable to the Company includes net income from discontinued operations for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 include $12.7of zero and $1.7 million, in additional expenserespectively. The Company received the final payment related to a revenue sharing agreement with Westfield Capital Management Company, LLC (“Westfield”) in the salefirst quarter of Anchor in April 2018. The Company will not receive additional income from Westfield now that the final payment has been received.


14

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


4.    Investments
The following tables presenttable presents a summary of investment securities:securities at June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018:
Amortized
Cost
 Unrealized 
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
 Unrealized 
Fair
Value
Gains Losses Gains Losses 
(In thousands)
At June 30, 2018       
At June 30, 2019       
Available-for-sale securities at fair value:              
U.S. government and agencies$35,061
 $
 $(1,361) $33,700
$20,047
 $8
 $(114) $19,941
Government-sponsored entities275,881
 
 (6,277) 269,604
181,442
 601
 (65) 181,978
Municipal bonds297,257
 1,722
 (3,790) 295,189
314,235
 10,002
 (92) 324,145
Mortgage-backed securities (1)493,644
 260
 (23,372) 470,532
444,826
 969
 (5,128) 440,667
Other7,942
 
 
 7,942
Total$960,550
 $11,580
 $(5,399) $966,731
       
Held-to-maturity securities at amortized cost:       
Mortgage-backed securities (1)$54,482
 $24
 $(577) $53,929
Total$54,482
 $24
 $(577) $53,929
       
Equity securities at fair value:       
Money market mutual funds (2)$19,092
 $
 $
 $19,092
Total$19,092
 $
 $
 $19,092
       
At December 31, 2018       
Available-for-sale securities at fair value:       
U.S. government and agencies$30,043
 $
 $(929) $29,114
Government-sponsored entities211,655
 
 (3,952) 207,703
Municipal bonds309,837
 2,223
 (3,101) 308,959
Mortgage-backed securities (1)467,239
 214
 (19,164) 448,289
Total$1,109,785
 $1,982
 $(34,800) $1,076,967
$1,018,774
 $2,437
 $(27,146) $994,065
              
Held-to-maturity securities at amortized cost:              
U.S. government and agencies$11,902
 $2
 $
 $11,904
$9,898
 $2
 $
 $9,900
Mortgage-backed securities (1)67,053
 
 (2,210) 64,843
60,540
 
 (1,845) 58,695
Total$78,955
 $2
 $(2,210) $76,747
$70,438
 $2
 $(1,845) $68,595
              
At December 31, 2017       
Available-for-sale securities at fair value:       
U.S. government and agencies$35,132
 $
 $(833) $34,299
Government-sponsored entities305,101
 22
 (2,622) 302,501
Municipal bonds299,647
 4,559
 (1,148) 303,058
Mortgage-backed securities (1)521,753
 491
 (12,568) 509,676
Other20,794
 
 
 20,794
Equity securities at fair value:       
Money market mutual funds (2)$14,228
 $
 $
 $14,228
Total$1,182,427
 $5,072
 $(17,171) $1,170,328
$14,228
 $
 $
 $14,228
       
Held-to-maturity securities at amortized cost:       
Mortgage-backed securities (1)$74,576
 $
 $(795) $73,781
Total$74,576
 $
 $(795) $73,781
_____________________
(1)All mortgage-backed securities are guaranteed by the U.S. government, U.S. government agencies, or government-sponsored entities.
(2)Money market mutual funds maintain a constant net asset value of $1.00 and therefore have no unrealized gain or loss.
The following table presents the maturities of available-for-sale investment securities, based on contractual maturity, as of June 30, 20182019. Certain securities are callable before their final maturity. Additionally, certain securities (such as mortgage-backed securities) are shown within the table below based on their final (contractual) maturity, but due to prepayments and amortization are expected to have shorter lives.
 Available-for-sale Securities
Amortized
cost
 
Fair
value
(In thousands)
Within one year$75,733
 $75,473
After one, but within five years313,162
 306,903
After five, but within ten years312,887
 298,202
Greater than ten years408,003
 396,389
Total$1,109,785
 $1,076,967

15

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


 Available-for-sale Securities
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
(In thousands)
Within one year$43,131
 $43,118
After one, but within five years266,198
 266,819
After five, but within ten years284,020
 285,133
Greater than ten years367,201
 371,661
Total$960,550
 $966,731

The following table presents the maturities of held-to-maturity investment securities, based on contractual maturity, as of June 30, 20182019.
 Held-to-maturity Securities
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
(In thousands)
After five, but within ten years$44,565
 $44,132
Greater than ten years9,917
 9,797
Total$54,482
 $53,929

 Held-to-maturity Securities
Amortized
cost
 
Fair
value
(In thousands)
Within one year$11,902
 $11,904
After one, but within five years
 
After five, but within ten years33,063
 32,020
Greater than ten years33,990
 32,823
Total$78,955
 $76,747
The following table presents the proceeds from sales, gross realized gains and gross realized losses for available-for-sale securities that were sold or called during the following periods as well as changes in the fair value of equity securities as prescribed by ASC 321, Investment - Equity Securities. ASU 2016-01, Recognition and Measurements of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities was adopted on January 1, 2018, at which time a cumulative effect adjustment of $339 thousand was recorded to reclassify the amount of accumulated unrealized gains related to equity securities from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings.
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2019 2018 2019 2018
(In thousands)
Proceeds from sales$
 $19,673
 $
 $35,550
Realized gains
 
 
 7
Realized losses
 
 
 (1)
Change in unrealized gain/ (loss) on equity securities reflected in the consolidated statement of operations
 7
 
 (23)

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2018 2017 2018 2017
(In thousands)
Proceeds from sales and calls$19,673
 $70,314
 $35,550
 $103,031
Realized gains
 255
 7
 274
Realized losses
 (18) (1) (18)
Change in unrealized gain/ (loss) on equity securities reflected in the consolidated statement of operations7
 n/a
 (23) n/a

The following tables present information regarding securities at June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 20172018 having temporary impairment, due to the fair values having declined below the amortized cost of the individual securities, and the time period that the investments have been temporarily impaired.
 Less than 12 months 12 months or longer Total
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Unrealized
Losses
 
# of
Securities
 (In thousands, except number of securities)
June 30, 2019             
Available-for-sale securities             
U.S. government and agencies$
 $
 $9,934
 $(114) $9,934
 $(114) 2
Government-sponsored entities
 
 70,069
 (65) 70,069
 (65) 13
Municipal bonds7,794
 (12) 14,930
 (80) 22,724
 (92) 16
Mortgage-backed securities (1) (3)54
 
 353,127
 (5,128) 353,181
 (5,128) 89
Total$7,848
 $(12) $448,060
 $(5,387) $455,908
 $(5,399) 120
              
Held-to-maturity securities             
Mortgage-backed securities (1)$
 $
 $45,951
 $(577) $45,951
 $(577) 14
Total$
 $
 $45,951
 $(577) $45,951
 $(577) 14
 Less than 12 months 12 months or longer Total
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
# of
securities
 (In thousands, except number of securities)
June 30, 2018             
Available-for-sale securities             
U.S. government and agencies$9,861
 $(114) $23,839
 $(1,247) $33,700
 $(1,361) 6
Government-sponsored entities212,331
 (4,038) 57,273
 (2,239) 269,604
 (6,277) 40
Municipal bonds132,307
 (1,526) 49,256
 (2,264) 181,563
 (3,790) 95
Mortgage-backed securities (1)98,941
 (3,400) 358,348
 (19,972) 457,289
 (23,372) 112
Total$453,440
 $(9,078) $488,716
 $(25,722) $942,156
 $(34,800) 253
              
Held-to-maturity securities             
Mortgage-backed securities (1)$48,598
 $(1,643) $16,245
 $(567) $64,843
 $(2,210) 16
Total$48,598
 $(1,643) $16,245
 $(567) $64,843
 $(2,210) 16

16

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


Less than 12 months 12 months or longer TotalLess than 12 months 12 months or longer Total
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
Fair
value
 
Unrealized
losses
 
# of
securities
Fair
Value
 Unrealized
Losses
 Fair
Value
 Unrealized
Losses
 Fair
Value
 Unrealized
Losses
 # of
Securities
(In thousands, except number of securities)(In thousands, except number of securities)
December 31, 2017             
December 31, 2018             
Available-for-sale securities                          
U.S. government and agencies$14,902
 $(79) $19,397
 $(754) $34,299
 $(833) 6
$
 $
 $29,114
 $(929) $29,114
 $(929) 5
Government-sponsored entities220,275
 (1,350) 38,273
 (1,272) 258,548
 (2,622) 36

 
 207,703
 (3,952) 207,703
 (3,952) 32
Municipal bonds46,112
 (131) 50,842
 (1,017) 96,954
 (1,148) 63
25,394
 (128) 130,209
 (2,973) 155,603
 (3,101) 85
Mortgage-backed securities (1)97,117
 (903) 386,785
 (11,665) 483,902
 (12,568) 103
2,469
 (11) 433,888
 (19,153) 436,357
 (19,164) 110
Total$378,406
 $(2,463) $495,297
 $(14,708) $873,703
 $(17,171) 208
$27,863
 $(139) $800,914
 $(27,007) $828,777
 $(27,146) 232
                          
Held-to-maturity securities                          
Mortgage-backed securities (1)$59,218
 $(534) $14,563
 $(261) $73,781
 $(795) 16
$
 $
 $58,695
 $(1,845) $58,695
 $(1,845) 16
Total$59,218
 $(534) $14,563
 $(261) $73,781
 $(795) 16
$
 $
 $58,695
 $(1,845) $58,695
 $(1,845) 16
_____________________
(1)All mortgage-backed securities are guaranteed by the U.S. government, U.S. government agencies, or government-sponsored entities.
(3) The amount of unrealized losses less than 12 months rounds to zero.
As of June 30, 2018,2019, the U.S. government and agencies securities, government-sponsored entities securities and mortgage-backed securities in the first table above had current Standard and Poor’s credit ratings of AAA.AA. The municipal bonds in the first table above had a current Standard and Poor’s credit rating of at least AA-. AtAs of June 30, 2018,2019, the Company does not consider these investments other-than-temporarily impaired becauseas the decline in fair value on investments is primarily attributed to changes in interest rates and not credit quality.
At June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017,as a result of the amountdeterioration of investment securities in an unrealized loss position greater than 12 months, as well as in total, was primarily due to changes in interest rates and not credit quality. As of June 30, 2018,2019, the Company had no intent to sell any securities in an unrealized loss position and it is not more likely than not that the Company would be forced to sell any of these securities prior to the full recovery of all unrealized loss amounts.
Cost method investments
The Company invests in low-income housing tax credits, which are included in other assets, to encourage private capital investment in the construction and rehabilitation of low-income housing. The Company makes these investments as an indirect subsidy that allows investors, such as the Company, in a flow-through limited liability entity, such as limited partnerships or limited liability companies that manage or invest in qualified affordable housing projects, to receive the benefits
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

of the tax credits allocated to the entity that owns the qualified affordable housing project. The Company also holds partnership interests in venture capital funds formed to provide financing to small businesses and to promote community development.
Cost method investments, which are included in other assets, can be temporarily impaired when the fair values decline below the amortized costs of the individual investments. There were no cost method investments with unrealized losses as of June 30, 20182019 or December 31, 2017.2018. The Company’s cost method investments primarily include low income housing partnerships which generate tax credits. The Company also holds partnership interests in venture capital funds formed to provide financing to small businesses and to promote community development. The Company had $46.0$56.6 million and $39.4$54.4 million in cost method investments included in other assets as of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively.


5.    Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined under GAAP as the exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company determines the fair values of its financial instruments based on the fair value hierarchy established in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”), which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value. Financial instruments are considered Level 1 when valuation can be based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 financial instruments are valued using quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or models using inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data of substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Financial instruments are considered Level 3 when their values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable and when determination of the fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

17

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The following tables present the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall:
As of June 30, 2018 Fair value measurements at reporting date using:As of June 30, 2019 Fair value measurements at reporting date using:
Quoted prices in
active markets
for identical
assets (Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
Quoted prices in
active markets
for identical
assets (Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
(In thousands)
Assets:              
Available-for-sale securities:              
U.S. government and agencies$33,700
 $33,570
 $130
 $
$19,941
 $
 $19,941
 $
Government-sponsored entities269,604
 
 269,604
 
181,978
 
 181,978
 
Municipal bonds295,189
 
 295,189
 
324,145
 
 324,145
 
Mortgage-backed securities470,532
 
 470,532
 
440,667
 
 440,667
 
Other7,942
 7,942
 
 
Total available-for-sale securities1,076,967
 41,512
 1,035,455
 
966,731
 
 966,731
 
Equity securities19,092
 19,092
 
 
Derivatives - interest rate customer swaps26,865
 
 26,865
 
33,835
 
 33,835
 
Derivatives - interest rate swaps1,197
 
 1,197
 
5
 
 5
 
Derivatives - risk participation agreement24
 
 24
 
12
 
 12
 
Derivatives - customer foreign exchange forwards1
 
 1
 
Trading securities held in a “rabbi trust”7,392
 7,392
 
 
Trading securities held in the “rabbi trust” (1)6,335
 6,335
 
 
              
Liabilities:              
Derivatives - interest rate customer swaps$27,290
 $
 $27,290
 $
$34,586
 $
 $34,586
 $
Derivatives - risk participation agreement113
 
 113
 
272
 
 272
 
Derivatives - customer foreign exchange forwards1
 
 1
 
Deferred compensation “rabbi trust”7,392
 7,392
 
 
Deferred compensation “rabbi trust” (1)6,335
 6,335
 
 






18

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


   Fair value measurements at reporting date using:
As of December 31, 2018 
Quoted prices in
active markets
for identical
assets (Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
(In thousands)
Assets:       
Available-for-sale securities:       
U.S. government and agencies$29,114
 $
 $29,114
 $
Government-sponsored entities207,703
 
 207,703
 
Municipal bonds308,959
 
 308,959
 
Mortgage-backed securities448,289
 
 448,289
 
Total available-for-sale securities994,065
 
 994,065
 
Equity securities14,228
 14,228
 
 
Derivatives - interest rate customer swaps21,889
 
 21,889
 
Derivatives - interest rate swaps553
 
 553
 
Derivatives - risk participation agreements2
 
 2
 
Trading securities held in the “rabbi trust” (1)6,839
 6,839
 
 
        
Liabilities:       
Derivatives - interest rate customer swaps$22,385
 $
 $22,385
 $
Derivatives - risk participation agreements152
 
 152
 
Deferred compensation “rabbi trust” (1)6,839
 6,839
 
 

   Fair value measurements at reporting date using:
As of December 31, 2017 
Quoted prices in
active markets
for identical
assets (Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
(In thousands)
Assets:       
Available-for-sale securities:       
U.S. government and agencies$34,299
 $34,096
 $203
 $
Government-sponsored entities302,501
 
 302,501
 
Municipal bonds303,058
 
 303,058
 
Mortgage-backed securities509,676
 
 509,676
 
Other20,794
 20,794
 
 
Total available-for-sale securities1,170,328
 54,890
 1,115,438
 
Derivatives - interest rate customer swaps18,575
 
 18,575
 
Derivatives - interest rate swaps555
 
 555
 
Derivatives - risk participation agreements1
 
 1
 
Derivatives - customer foreign exchange forwards2
 
 2
 
Trading securities held in a rabbi trust7,062
 7,062
 
 
        
Liabilities:       
Derivatives - interest rate customer swaps$18,953
 $
 $18,953
 $
Derivatives - interest rate swaps80
 
 80
 
Derivatives - risk participation agreements108
 
 108
 
Derivatives - customer foreign exchange forwards2
 
 2
 
Deferred compensation rabbi trust7,062
 7,062
 
 
_____________________
(1)The Company has adopted a special trust for the Deferred Compensation Plan called a “rabbi trust”. The rabbi trust is an arrangement that is used to accumulate assets that may be used to fund the Company’s obligation to pay benefits under the Deferred Compensation Plan. To prevent immediate taxation to the executives who participate in the Deferred Compensation Plan, the amounts placed in the rabbi trust must remain subject to the claims of the Company’s creditors. The investments chosen by the participants in the Deferred Compensation Plan are mirrored by the rabbi trust as a way to minimize the earnings volatility of the Deferred Compensation Plan.
As of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, available-for-sale securities consisted of U.S. government and agencies securities, government-sponsored entities securities, municipal bonds, and mortgage-backed securities, and other available-for-sale securities. Available-for-sale Level 1 securities are valued with prices quoted in active markets and include U.S. Treasury securities (which are categorized as U.S. government and agencies securities) and equities (which are categorized as other available-for-sale securities). Available-for-sale Level 2 securities generally have quoted prices but are traded less frequently than exchange-traded securities and can be priced using market data from similar assets and include government-sponsored entities securities, municipal bonds, mortgage-backed securities, “off-the-run” U.S. Treasury securities, and certain investments in SBA loans (which are categorized as U.S. government and agencies securities). “Off-the-run” U.S. Treasury securities are Treasury bonds and notes issued before the most recently issued bond or note of a particular maturity. When Treasuries move to the secondary over-the-counter market, they become less frequently traded, therefore, they are considered “off-the-run”. No investments held as of June 30, 20182019 or December 31, 20172018 were categorized as Level 3. There were no changes in the valuation techniques used for measuring the fair value
As of available-for-sale securities in the six months ended June 30, 2018.2019 and December 31, 2018, equity securities consisted of Level 1 money market mutual funds that are valued with prices quoted in active markets.
In managing its interest rate and credit risk, the Company utilizes derivative instruments including interest rate customer swaps, interest rate swaps, and risk participation agreements. As a service to its customers, the Company may utilize derivative instruments including customer foreign exchange forward contracts to manage its foreign exchange risk, if any. The valuation of these instruments is determined using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves and implied volatilities, and therefore, they have been categorized as a Level 2 measurement as of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017.2018. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 8: Derivatives and Hedging Activities” for further details.
To comply with the provisions of ASC 820, the Company incorporates credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect both its own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparty’s nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of its derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, the Company has considered the
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings, thresholds, mutual puts and guarantees. Counterparty exposure is evaluated by netting positions that are subject to master netting agreements, as well as considering the amount of collateral securing the position.

19

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The Company has determined that the majority of inputs used to value its derivatives fallare within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.2. As a result, the Company has determined that its derivative valuations in their entirety are classified in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy as of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017.2018.
Trading securities held in athe rabbi trust consist of publicly traded mutual fund investments that are valued at prices quoted in active markets. Therefore, they have been categorized as a Level 1 measurement as of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017.2018.
The Company accounts for its investments held in the rabbi trust in accordance with ASC 320, Investments - Debt and Equity Securities. The investments held in the rabbi trust are classified as trading securities. The assets of the rabbi trust are carried at their fair value within Otherother assets on the consolidated balance sheet. Changes in the fair value of the securities are recorded as an increase or decrease in Otherother income each quarter. The deferred compensation accrualliability reflects the market value of the securities selected by the participants and is included within Otherother liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet. Changes in the fair value of the accrualliability are recorded as an increase or decrease in Othersalaries and employee benefits expense each quarter.
There were no transfers between levels for assets or liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis during the three and six months endedas of June 30, 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2018, and 2017.five U.S. Treasury securities totaling $33.4 million transferred from Level 1 to Level 2 as the securities were determined to be “off-the-run”. There were no other transfers for assets or liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis for the year ended December 31, 2018.
There were no Level 3 assets valued on a recurring basis at June 30, 20182019 or December 31, 2017.2018.
There were no changes in the valuation techniques used for measuring the fair value.
The following tables present the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis during the periods ended June 30, 20182019 and 2017,2018, respectively, aggregated by the level in the fair value hierarchy within which those measurements fall.
 As of June 30, 2019 Fair value measurements at reporting date using: Gain (losses) from fair value changes
Quoted prices in
active markets
for identical
assets (Level 1)
 
Significant other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
 Three months ended June 30, 2019 Six months ended June 30, 2019
(In thousands)
Assets:           
Impaired loans (1)$1,144
 $
 $
 $1,144
 $220
 $592
_____________________
(1)Collateral-dependent impaired loans held as of June 30, 2019 that had write-downs in fair value or whose specific reserve changed during the six months ended June 30, 2019.

 As of June 30, 2018 Fair value measurements at reporting date using: Gain (losses) from fair value changes
Quoted prices in
active markets
for identical
assets (Level 1)
 
Significant other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
 Three months ended June 30, 2018 Six months ended June 30, 2018
(In thousands)
Assets:           
Impaired loans (1)$3,051
 $
 $
 $3,051
 $(711) $(927)
_____________________
(1)Collateral-dependent impaired loans held atas of June 30, 2018 that had write-downs in fair value or whose specific reserve changed during the first six months ofended June 30, 2018.
 As of June 30, 2017 Fair value measurements at reporting date using: Gain (losses) from fair value changes
Quoted prices in
active markets
for identical
assets (Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
 Three months ended June 30, 2017 Six months ended June 30, 2017
(In thousands)
Assets:           
Impaired loans (1)$1,040
 $
 $
 $1,040
 $(221) $(219)
_____________________
(1)Collateral-dependent impaired loans held at June 30, 2017 that had write-downs in fair value or whose specific reserve changed during the first six months of 2017.

20

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


The following tables present additional quantitative information about assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis for which the Company has utilized Level 3 inputs to determine fair value:
As of June 30, 2018As of June 30, 2019
Fair Value 
Valuation
Technique
 
Unobservable
Input
 
Range of
Inputs
Utilized
 
Weighted
Average of
Inputs
Utilized
Fair Value 
Valuation
Technique
 
Unobservable
Input
 
Range of
Inputs
Utilized
 
Weighted
Average of
Inputs
Utilized
(In thousands) (In thousands) 
Impaired Loans$3,051
 Appraisals of Collateral Discount for costs to sell 0% - 24% 9%$1,144
 Appraisals of Collateral Discount for costs to sell 0% - 5% 4%
Appraisal adjustments 0% - 20% 7%Appraisal adjustments —% —%

 As of June 30, 2018
 Fair Value 
Valuation
Technique
 
Unobservable
Input
 
Range of
Inputs
Utilized
 
Weighted
Average of
Inputs
Utilized
 (In thousands)  
Impaired Loans$3,051
 Appraisals of Collateral Discount for costs to sell 0% - 24% 9%
Appraisal adjustments 0% - 20% 7%

 As of June 30, 2017
 Fair Value 
Valuation
Technique
 
Unobservable
Input
 
Range of
Inputs
Utilized
 
Weighted
Average of
Inputs
Utilized
 (In thousands)  
Impaired Loans$1,040
 Appraisals of Collateral Discount for costs to sell 0% - 7% 6%
Appraisal adjustments 0% - 20% 16%
Impaired loans include those loans that were adjusted to the fair value of underlying collateral as required under ASC 310, Receivables. The amount does not include impaired loans that are measured based on expected future cash flows discounted at the respective loan’s original effective interest rate, as that amount is not considered a fair value measurement. The Company uses appraisals, which management may adjust to reflect estimated fair value declines, or may apply other discounts to appraised values for unobservable factors resulting from its knowledge of the property or consideration of broker quotes. The appraisers use a market, income, and/or a cost approach in determining the value of the collateral. Therefore they have been categorized as a Level 3 measurement.
The following tables present the carrying values and fair values of the Company’s financial instruments that are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
As of June 30, 2018As of June 30, 2019
Book Value Fair Value 
Quoted prices 
in active
markets for
identical
assets 
(Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
Book Value Fair Value 
Quoted prices 
in active
markets for
identical
assets 
(Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs 
(Level 3)
(In thousands)
FINANCIAL ASSETS:                  
Cash and cash equivalents$364,539
 $364,539
 $364,539
 $
 $
$65,756
 $65,756
 $65,756
 $
 $
Investment securities held-to-maturity78,955
 76,747
 11,904
 64,843
 
54,482
 53,929
 
 53,929
 
Loans held for sale4,622
 4,691
 
 4,691
 
3,640
 3,713
 
 3,713
 
Loans, net6,693,659
 6,680,524
 
 
 6,680,524
7,005,193
 6,988,207
 
 
 6,988,207
Other financial assets104,264
 104,264
 
 104,264
 
94,475
 94,475
 
 94,475
 
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES:                  
Deposits6,620,179
 6,617,149
 
 6,617,149
 
6,437,963
 6,437,827
 
 6,437,827
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase58,824
 58,824
 
 58,824
 
62,372
 62,372
 
 62,372
 
Federal funds purchased135,000
 135,000
 
 135,000
 
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings1,056,938
 1,053,066
 
 1,053,066
 
920,068
 920,615
 
 920,615
 
Junior subordinated debentures106,363
 96,363
 
 
 96,363
106,363
 96,363
 
 
 96,363
Other financial liabilities3,465
 3,465
 
 3,465
 
4,386
 4,386
 
 4,386
 



21

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


 As of December 31, 2018
Book Value Fair Value 
Quoted prices 
in active
markets for
identical
assets 
(Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs 
(Level 3)
(In thousands)
FINANCIAL ASSETS:         
Cash and cash equivalents$127,259
 $127,259
 $127,259
 $
 $
Investment securities held-to-maturity70,438
 68,595
 
 68,595
 
Loans held for sale2,812
 2,837
 
 2,837
 
Loans, net6,817,846
 6,734,216
 
 
 6,734,216
Other financial assets78,730
 78,730
 
 78,730
 
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES:         
Deposits6,781,170
 6,777,928
 
 6,777,928
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase36,928
 36,928
 
 36,928
 
Federal funds purchased250,000
 250,000
 
 250,000
 
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings420,144
 417,092
 
 417,092
 
Junior subordinated debentures106,363
 96,363
 
 
 96,363
Other financial liabilities2,001
 2,001
 
 2,001
 
 As of December 31, 2017
Book Value Fair Value 
Quoted prices 
in active
markets for
identical
assets 
(Level 1)
 
Significant 
other
observable
inputs (Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs (Level 3)
(In thousands)
FINANCIAL ASSETS:         
Cash and cash equivalents$120,541
 $120,541
 $120,541
 $
 $
Investment securities held-to-maturity74,576
 73,781
 
 73,781
 
Loans held for sale4,697
 4,737
 
 4,737
 
Loans, net6,430,286
 6,388,297
 
 
 6,388,297
Other financial assets93,449
 93,449
 
 93,449
 
FINANCIAL LIABILITIES:         
Deposits6,510,246
 6,509,197
 
 6,509,197
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase32,169
 32,169
 
 32,169
 
Federal funds purchased30,000
 30,000
 
 30,000
 
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings693,681
 692,402
 
 692,402
 
Junior subordinated debentures106,363
 96,363
 
 
 96,363
Other financial liabilities2,224
 2,224
 
 2,224
 

The estimated fair values have been determined by using available quoted market information or other appropriate valuation methodologies. The aggregate fair value amounts presented above do not represent the underlying value of the financial assets and liabilities of the Company taken as a whole as they do not reflect any premium or discount the Company might recognize if the assets were sold or the liabilities sold, settled, or redeemed. An excess of fair value over book value on financial assets represents a premium, or gain, the Company might recognize if the assets were sold, while an excess of book value over fair value on financial liabilities represents a premium, or gain, the Company might recognize if the liabilities were sold, settled, or redeemed prior to maturity. Conversely, losses would be recognized if assets were sold where the book value exceeded the fair value or liabilities were sold where the fair value exceeded the book value.
The fair value estimates provided are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information and the characteristics of the financial instrument. The estimates do not provide for any premiums or discounts that could result from concentrations of ownership of a financial instrument. Because no active market exists for some of the Company’s financial instruments, certain fair value estimates are based on subjective judgments regarding current economic conditions, risk characteristics of the financial instruments, future expected loss experience, prepayment assumptions, and other factors. The resulting estimates involve uncertainties and are considered best estimates. Changes made to any of the underlying assumptions could significantly affect the estimates.
Cash and cash equivalents
The carrying value reported in the balance sheet for cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of their maturities and these assets are classified as Level 1.1 measurements.
Held-to-maturityInvestment securities held-to-maturity
Investment securities held-to-maturity currently consist of mortgage-backed securities. As of December 31, 2018, investment securities
Held-to-maturity securities currently include held-to-maturity consisted of mortgage-backed securities and a U.S. Treasury securities.security. The U.S Treasury securities as of June 30, 2018 are valued with prices quoted in active markets. Therefore, they have been categorized as a Level 1 measurement. There were no U.S. Treasury securities held-to-maturitysecurity held as of December 31, 2017.2018 is an “off-the-run” U.S. Treasury security and, therefore, it has been categorized as Level 2. The mortgage-backed securities are fixed income instruments that are not quoted on an exchange, but may be traded in active markets. The fair value of these securities is based on quoted market prices obtained from external pricing services. The principal market for our securities portfolio is the secondary institutional market, with an exit price that is predominantly reflective of bid level pricing in that market.Accordingly, held-to-maturity mortgage-backed securities are included inclassified as Level 2.
There were no transfers of the Level 2Company's financial instruments that are not measured at fair value category.on a recurring basis as of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018.

22

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


Loans held for sale
Loans held for sale are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value in the aggregate. Fair value estimates are based on actual commitments to sell the loans to investors at an agreed upon price or current market prices if rates have changed since the time the loan closed. Accordingly, loans held for sale are included in the Level 2 fair value category.
Loans, net
Fair value estimates are based on loans with similar financial characteristics. Following the adoption of ASU 2016-01 in 2018, the Company updated its process for estimating the fair value of loans, net of allowance for loan losses. The updated process estimates the fair value of loans using the exit price notion, which includes identifying an exit price using current market information for origination rates and making certain adjustments to incorporate credit risk, transaction costs and other adjustments utilizing publicly available rates and indicies. Net loansindexes. Loans, net are included in the Level 3 fair value category based upon the inputs and valuation techniques used. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant15: Recent Accounting Policies”Pronouncements” for additional information on ASU 2016-01.
Other financial assets
Other financial assets consist of accrued interest and fees receivable, and stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLB”) and the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”), for which the carrying amount approximates fair value, and these assets are classified as Level 2.2 measurements.
Deposits
The fair values reported for transaction accounts (demand, NOW, savings, and money market) equal their respective book values reported on the balance sheet and these liabilities are classified as Level 2.2 measurements. The fair values disclosed are, by definition, equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair values for certificates of deposit are based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rates used are representative of approximate rates currently offered on certificates of deposit with similar remaining maturities and these liabilities are classified as Level 2.2 measurements.
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
The fair valuevalues of securities sold under agreements to repurchase isare estimated based on contractual cash flows discounted at the Bank’s incremental borrowing rate for FHLB borrowings with similar maturities and these liabilities have been classified as Level 2.2 measurements.
Federal funds purchased
The carrying amounts of federal funds purchased, if any, approximate fair value due to their short-term nature and therefore these funds have been classified as Level 2.2 measurements.
Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings
The fair valuevalues reported for FHLB borrowings isare estimated based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate used is based on the Bank’s estimated current incremental borrowing rate for FHLB borrowings of similar maturities and therefore these borrowings have been classified as Level 2.2 measurements.
Junior subordinated debentures
The fair valuevalues of the junior subordinated debentures issued by Boston Private Capital Trust I and Boston Private Capital Trust II wereare estimated using Level 3 inputs such as the interest rates on these securities, current rates for similar debt, a consideration for illiquidity of trading in the debt, and regulatory changes that would result in an unfavorable change in the regulatory capital treatment of this type of debt.
Other financial liabilities
Other financial liabilities consists of accrued interest payable for which the carrying amount approximates fair value and is classified as Level 2.2 measurements.
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk
The Bank’s commitments to originate loans and for unused lines and outstanding letters of credit are primarily at market interest rates and therefore, the carrying amount approximates fair value.

23

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)



6.    Loan Portfolio and Credit Quality
The Bank’s lending activities are conducted principally in the regions of New England, the San Francisco Bay Area, and Southern California. The Bank originates single and multi-family residential loans, commercial real estate loans, commercial and industrial loans, commercial tax-exempt loans, construction and land loans, and home equity and other consumer loans. Most loans are secured by borrowers’ personal or business assets. The ability of the Bank’s single family residential and consumer borrowers to honor their repayment commitments is generally dependent on the level of overall economic conditions within the Bank’s lending areas. Commercial, construction, and land borrowers’ ability to repay is generally dependent upon the health of the economy and real estate values, including, in particular, the performance of the construction sector. Accordingly, the ultimate collectability of a substantial portion of the Bank’s loan portfolio is susceptible to changing conditions in the New England, the San Francisco Bay Area, and Southern California economies and real estate markets.
The following table presents a summary of the loan portfolio based on the portfolio segment as of the dates indicated:
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$656,186
 $623,037
Commercial tax-exempt450,307
 451,671
Total commercial and industrial1,106,493
 1,074,708
Commercial real estate2,530,556
 2,395,692
Construction and land200,378
 240,306
Residential3,025,758
 2,948,973
Home equity89,930
 90,421
Consumer and other127,145
 143,058
Total$7,080,260
 $6,893,158

 June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$583,193
 $520,992
Commercial tax-exempt438,882
 418,698
Total commercial and industrial1,022,075
 939,690
Commercial real estate2,504,521
 2,440,220
Construction and land172,024
 164,990
Residential2,808,206
 2,682,533
Home equity91,801
 99,958
Consumer and other168,496
 177,637
Total$6,767,123
 $6,505,028
The following table presents nonaccrual loans receivable by class of receivable as of the dates indicated:
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$1,567
 $2,554
Commercial tax-exempt
 
Total commercial and industrial1,567
 2,554
Commercial real estate
 546
Residential12,572
 7,914
Home equity3,004
 3,031
Consumer and other12
 12
Total$17,155
 $14,057
 June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$1,412
 $748
Commercial tax-exempt
 
Total commercial and industrial1,412
 748
Commercial real estate1,838
 1,985
Construction and land
 110
Residential9,610
 8,470
Home equity2,789
 2,840
Consumer and other2
 142
Total$15,651
 $14,295

The Bank’s policy is to discontinue the accrual of interest on a loan when the collectability of principal or interest is in doubt. In certain instances, although infrequent, loans that have become 90 days or more past due may remain on accrual status if the value of the collateral securing the loan is sufficient to cover principal and interest and the loan is in the process of collection. There werewas one residential loan 90 days or more past due, but still accruing, as of June 30, 2019 and no loans 90 days or more past due, but still accruing, as of bothDecember 31, 2018. The residential loan 90 days or more past due as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.2019 was paid off in July 2019. The Bank’s policy for returning a loan to accrual status requires the loan to be brought current and for the client to show a history of making timely payments (generally six consecutive months). For troubled debt restructured loans (“TDRs”), a return to accrual status generally requires timely payments for a period of six months in accordance with the restructured loan terms, along with meeting other criteria.

24

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


The following tables show the payment status of loans receivable by class of receivable as of the dates indicated:
 June 30, 2019
 Accruing Past Due Nonaccrual Loans    
 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Total Accruing Past Due Current 30-89 Days Past Due 
90 Days or
Greater
Past Due
 Total Non-Accrual Loans Current Accruing Loans 
Total
Loans
Receivable
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$251
 $
 $251
 $1,194
 $155
 $218
 $1,567
 $654,368
 $656,186
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 450,307
 450,307
Commercial real estate982
 
 982
 
 
 
 
 2,529,574
 2,530,556
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
 
 
 200,378
 200,378
Residential (1)
 334
 1,266
 4,238
 2,961
 5,373
 12,572
 3,011,920
 3,025,758
Home equity
 
 
 385
 274
 2,345
 3,004
 86,926
 89,930
Consumer and other867
 
 867
 7
 
 5
 12
 126,266
 127,145
Total$2,100
 $334
 $3,366
 $5,824
 $3,390
 $7,941
 $17,155
 $7,059,739
 $7,080,260

 June 30, 2018
 Accruing Past Due Nonaccrual Loans    
 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Total Accruing Past Due Current 30-89 Days Past Due 
90 Days or
Greater
Past Due
 Total Non-Accrual Loans Current Accruing Loans 
Total
Loans
Receivable
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$521
 $
 $521
 $367
 $203
 $842
 $1,412
 $581,260
 $583,193
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 438,882
 438,882
Commercial real estate
 
 
 
 
 1,838
 1,838
 2,502,683
 2,504,521
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
 
 
 172,024
 172,024
Residential
 3,641
 3,641
 2,603
 800
 6,207
 9,610
 2,794,955
 2,808,206
Home equity473
 339
 812
 
 65
 2,724
 2,789
 88,200
 91,801
Consumer and other
 3
 3
 
 
 2
 2
 168,491
 168,496
Total$994
 $3,983
 $4,977
 $2,970
 $1,068
 $11,613
 $15,651
 $6,746,495
 $6,767,123
___________________
(1)There was one residential loan that was 90+ days past due and accruing for $0.9 million. For this reason, the total accruing past due amount will not equal the sum of 30-59 days past due and 60-89 days past due. This loan was paid off in July 2019.
 December 31, 2018
 Accruing Past Due Nonaccrual Loans    
 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Total Accruing Past Due Current 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or Greater Past Due Total Non-Accrual Loans Current Accruing Loans Total Loans Receivable
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$9,794
 $
 $9,794
 $979
 $
 $1,575
 $2,554
 $610,689
 $623,037
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 451,671
 451,671
Commercial real estate
 
 
 
 
 546
 546
 2,395,146
 2,395,692
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
 
 
 240,306
 240,306
Residential6,477
 366
 6,843
 2,639
 716
 4,559
 7,914
 2,934,216
 2,948,973
Home equity252
 350
 602
 
 48
 2,983
 3,031
 86,788
 90,421
Consumer and other17
 5,043
 5,060
 8
 4
 
 12
 137,986
 143,058
Total$16,540
 $5,759
 $22,299
 $3,626
 $768
 $9,663
 $14,057
 $6,856,802
 $6,893,158
 December 31, 2017
 Accruing Past Due Nonaccrual Loans    
 30-59 Days Past Due 60-89 Days Past Due Total Accruing Past Due Current 30-89 Days Past Due 90 Days or Greater Past Due Total Non-Accrual Loans Current Accruing Loans Total Loans Receivable
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$10,903
 $849
 $11,752
 $355
 $
 $393
 $748
 $508,492
 $520,992
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 
 418,698
 418,698
Commercial real estate4,043
 
 4,043
 163
 
 1,822
 1,985
 2,434,192
 2,440,220
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
 110
 110
 164,880
 164,990
Residential7,239
 1,635
 8,874
 805
 3,172
 4,493
 8,470
 2,665,189
 2,682,533
Home equity355
 
 355
 
 71
 2,769
 2,840
 96,763
 99,958
Consumer and other24
 
 24
 17
 125
 
 142
 177,471
 177,637
Total$22,564
 $2,484
 $25,048
 $1,340
 $3,368
 $9,587
 $14,295
 $6,465,685
 $6,505,028

Nonaccrual and delinquent loans are affected by many factors, such as economic and business conditions, interest rates, unemployment levels, and real estate collateral values, among others. In periods of prolonged economic decline, borrowers may become more severely affected over time as liquidity levels decline and the borrower’s ability to continue to make payments deteriorates. With respect to real estate collateral values, the declines from the peak, as well as the value of the real estate at the time of origination versus the current value, can impact the level of problem loans. For instance, if the loan to value ratio at the time of renewal has increased due to the decline in the real estate value since origination, the loan may no longer meet the Bank’s underwriting standards and may be considered for classification as a problem loan dependent upon a review of risk factors.
Generally when a collateral dependent loan becomes impaired, an updated appraisal of the collateral, if appropriate, is obtained. If the impaired loan has not been upgraded to a performing status within a reasonable amount of time, the Bank will continue to obtain updated appraisals as deemed necessary, especially during periods of declining property values.
The past due status of a loan is determined in accordance with its contractual repayment terms. All loan types are reported past due when one scheduled payment is due and unpaid for 30 days or more.

25

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


Credit Quality Indicators
The Bank uses a risk rating system to monitor the credit quality of its loan portfolio. Loan classifications are assessments made by the Bank of the status of the loans based on the facts and circumstances known to the Bank, including management’s judgment, at the time of assessment. Some or all of these classifications may change in the future if there are unexpected changes in the financial condition of the borrower, including but not limited to, changes resulting from continuing deterioration in general economic conditions on a national basis or in the local markets in which the Bank operates adversely affecting, among other things, real estate values. Such conditions, as well as other factors which adversely affect borrowers’ ability to service or repay loans, typically result in changes in loan default and charge-off rates, and increased provisions for loan losses, which would adversely affect the Company’s financial performance and financial condition. These circumstances are not entirely foreseeable and, as a result, it may not be possible to accurately reflect them in the Company’s analysis of credit risk. Generally, only commercial loans, including commercial real estate, other commercial and industrial loans, commercial tax-exempt loans, and construction and land loans, are given a numerical grade.
A summary of the rating system used by the Bank repeatedis included here from Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017,2018, follows:
Pass - All loans graded as pass are considered acceptable credit quality by the Bank and are grouped for purposes of calculating the allowance for loan losses. For residential, home equity and consumer loans, the Bank classifies loans as pass unless there is known information such as delinquency or client requests for modifications which, due to financial difficulty, would then generally result in a risk rating such as special mention or more severe depending on the factors.
Special Mention - Loans rated in this category are defined as having potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may, at some future date, result in the deterioration of the repayment prospects for the credit or the Bank’s credit position. These loans are currently protected but have the potential to deteriorate to a substandard rating. For commercial loans, the borrower’s financial performance may be inconsistent or below forecast, creating the possibility of liquidity problems and shrinking debt service coverage. In loans having this rating, the primary source of repayment is still good, but there is increasing reliance on collateral or guarantor support. Collectability of the loan is not yet in jeopardy. In particular, loans in this category are considered more variable than other categories, since they will typically migrate through categories more quickly.
Substandard - Loans rated in this category are inadequately protected by the current sound worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any. A substandard credit has a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the Bank will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected. Substandard loans may be either still accruing or nonaccruing depending upon the severity of the risk and other factors such as the value of the collateral, if any, and past due status.
Doubtful - Loans rated in this category indicate that collection or liquidation in full on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, is highly questionable and improbable. Loans in this category are usually on nonaccrual and classified as impaired.
The following tables present the loan portfolio’s credit risk profile by internally assigned grade and class of receivable as of the dates indicated:
June 30, 2018June 30, 2019
By Loan Grade or Nonaccrual Status  By Loan Grade or Nonaccrual Status  
Pass 
Special
Mention
 
Accruing
Classified (1)
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
 TotalPass 
Special
Mention
 
Accruing
Classified (1)
 
Nonaccrual
Loans
 Total
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$567,334
 $6,845
 $7,602
 $1,412
 $583,193
$617,524
 $14,058
 $23,037
 $1,567
 $656,186
Commercial tax-exempt438,882
 
 
 
 438,882
443,577
 2,679
 4,051
 
 450,307
Commercial real estate2,426,821
 46,603
 29,259
 1,838
 2,504,521
2,452,821
 53,940
 23,795
 
 2,530,556
Construction and land164,760
 
 7,264
 
 172,024
200,378
 
 
 
 200,378
Residential2,797,270
 
 1,326
 9,610
 2,808,206
3,010,186
 
 3,000
 12,572
 3,025,758
Home equity89,012
 
 
 2,789
 91,801
86,926
 
 
 3,004
 89,930
Consumer and other168,492
 
 2
 2
 168,496
127,133
 
 
 12
 127,145
Total$6,652,571
 $53,448
 $45,453
 $15,651
 $6,767,123
$6,938,545
 $70,677
 $53,883
 $17,155
 $7,080,260

26

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


December 31, 2017December 31, 2018
By Loan Grade or Nonaccrual Status  By Loan Grade or Nonaccrual Status  
Pass Special
Mention
 Accruing
Classified (1)
 Nonaccrual
Loans
 TotalPass Special
Mention
 Accruing
Classified (1)
 Nonaccrual
Loans
 Total
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$496,395
 $12,898
 $10,951
 $748
 $520,992
$581,278
 $16,213
 $22,992
 $2,554
 $623,037
Commercial tax-exempt413,139
 5,559
 
 
 418,698
444,835
 2,785
 4,051
 
 451,671
Commercial real estate2,346,833
 56,947
 34,455
 1,985
 2,440,220
2,314,223
 53,871
 27,052
 546
 2,395,692
Construction and land146,514
 11,770
 6,596
 110
 164,990
234,647
 5,659
 
 
 240,306
Residential2,672,714
 
 1,349
 8,470
 2,682,533
2,941,059
 
 
 7,914
 2,948,973
Home equity97,118
 
 
 2,840
 99,958
87,390
 
 
 3,031
 90,421
Consumer and other177,494
 
 1
 142
 177,637
143,046
 
 
 12
 143,058
Total$6,350,207
 $87,174
 $53,352
 $14,295
 $6,505,028
$6,746,478
 $78,528
 $54,095
 $14,057
 $6,893,158
______________________
(1)Accruing Classified includes both Substandard and Doubtful classifications.

27

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


The following tables present, by class of receivable, the balance of impaired loans with and without a related allowance, the associated allowance for those impaired loans with a related allowance, and the total unpaid principal on impaired loans:
As of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018As of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019
Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance QTD Average Recorded Investment YTD Average Recorded Investment QTD Interest Income Recognized while Impaired YTD Interest Income Recognized while ImpairedRecorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance QTD Average Recorded Investment YTD Average Recorded Investment QTD Interest Income Recognized while Impaired YTD Interest Income Recognized while Impaired
(In thousands)(In thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:                          
Commercial and industrial$2,015
 $2,954
 n/a $2,048
 $1,835
 $14
 $22
$1,669
 $2,616
 n/a
 $1,520
 $1,328
 $10
 $25
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 n/a 
 
 
 

 
 n/a
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate2,932
 4,695
 n/a 2,939
 2,460
 25
 50

 
 n/a
 
 78
 
 256
Construction and land
 
 n/a 82
 94
 16
 16

 
 n/a
 
 
 
 
Residential10,455
 10,815
 n/a 10,587
 10,009
 87
 189
15,127
 15,387
 n/a
 14,079
 12,605
 103
 240
Home equity
 
 n/a 1,311
 1,509
 15
 24
2,497
 3,059
 n/a
 2,359
 2,018
 1
 1
Consumer and other
 
 n/a 
 
 
 

 
 n/a
 
 
 
 
Subtotal15,402
 18,464
 n/a 16,967
 15,907
 157
 301
$19,293
 $21,062
 n/a
 17,958
 $16,029
 114
 $522
With an allowance recorded:                          
Commercial and industrial303
 403
 $134
 76
 147
 
 2
$441
 $441
 $93
 596
 $1,036
 4
 $20
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate5,426
 5,855
 187
 5,467
 6,055
 72
 228

 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential816
 816
 82
 818
 821
 6
 12
778
 778
 74
 733
 752
 6
 13
Home equity1,769
 1,769
 597
 469
 284
 
 
274
 274
 24
 69
 776
 1
 1
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 18
 
 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
Subtotal8,314
 8,843
 1,000
 6,830
 7,325
 78
 245
$1,493
 $1,493
 $191
 $1,398
 $2,564
 $11
 $34
Total:                          
Commercial and industrial2,318
 3,357
 134
 2,124
 1,982
 14
 24
$2,110
 $3,057
 $93
 $2,116
 $2,364
 $14
 $45
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate8,358
 10,550
 187
 8,406
 8,515
 97
 278

 
 
 
 78
 
 256
Construction and land
 
 
 82
 94
 16
 16

 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential11,271
 11,631
 82
 11,405
 10,830
 93
 201
15,905
 16,165
 74
 14,812
 13,357
 109
 253
Home equity1,769
 1,769
 597
 1,780
 1,793
 15
 24
2,771
 3,333
 24
 2,428
 2,794
 2
 2
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 18
 
 3

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total$23,716
 $27,307
 $1,000
 $23,797
 $23,232
 $235
 $546
$20,786
 $22,555
 $191
 $19,356
 $18,593
 $125
 $556
_____________________
(1)Recorded investment represents the client loan balance net of historical charge-offs and historical nonaccrual interest paid, if applicable, which was applied to principal.



28

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


As of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017As of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018
Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance QTD Average Recorded Investment YTD Average Recorded Investment QTD Interest Income Recognized while Impaired YTD Interest Income Recognized while ImpairedRecorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance QTD Average Recorded Investment YTD Average Recorded Investment QTD Interest Income Recognized while Impaired YTD Interest Income Recognized while Impaired
(In thousands)(In thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:                          
Commercial and industrial$1,771
 $2,377
 n/a $1,667
 $1,703
 $12
 $25
$2,015
 $2,954
 n/a
 $2,048
 $1,835
 $14
 $22
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 n/a 1,084
 1,859
 80
 80

 
 n/a
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate2,879
 6,429
 n/a 3,358
 3,824
 724
 970
2,932
 4,695
 n/a
 2,939
 2,460
 25
 50
Construction and land232
 568
 n/a 190
 181
 
 

 
 n/a
 82
 94
 16
 16
Residential9,600
 9,971
 n/a 9,561
 8,958
 78
 179
10,455
 10,815
 n/a
 10,587
 10,009
 87
 189
Home equity
 
 n/a 
 
 
 

 
 n/a
 1,311
 1,509
 15
 24
Consumer and other
 
 n/a 
 
 
 

 
 n/a
 
 
 
 
Subtotal14,482
 19,345
 n/a 15,860
 16,525
 894
 1,254
$15,402
 $18,464
 n/a
 $16,967
 $15,907
 $157
 $301
With an allowance recorded:                          
Commercial and industrial
 
 $
 
 
 
 
$303
 $403
 $134
 $76
 $147
 $
 $2
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate6,996
 7,425
 453
 7,011
 7,042
 96
 171
5,426
 5,855
 187
 5,467
 6,055
 72
 228
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential2,503
 2,503
 507
 2,613
 3,312
 23
 62
816
 816
 82
 818
 821
 6
 12
Home equity36
 36
 21
 37
 37
 
 
1,769
 1,769
 597
 469
 284
 
 
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 18
 
 3
Subtotal9,535
 9,964
 981
 9,661
 10,391
 119
 233
$8,314
 $8,843
 $1,000
 $6,830
 $7,325
 $78
 $245
Total:                          
Commercial and industrial1,771
 2,377
 
 1,667
 1,703
 12
 25
$2,318
 $3,357
 $134
 $2,124
 $1,982
 $14
 $24
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 1,084
 1,859
 80
 80

 
 
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate9,875
 13,854
 453
 10,369
 10,866
 820
 1,141
8,358
 10,550
 187
 8,406
 8,515
 97
 278
Construction and land232
 568
 
 190
 181
 
 

 
 
 82
 94
 16
 16
Residential12,103
 12,474
 507
 12,174
 12,270
 101
 241
11,271
 11,631
 82
 11,405
 10,830
 93
 201
Home equity36
 36
 21
 37
 37
 
 
1,769
 1,769
 597
 1,780
 1,793
 15
 24
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 18
 
 3
Total$24,017
 $29,309
 $981
 $25,521
 $26,916
 $1,013
 $1,487
$23,716
 $27,307
 $1,000
 $23,797
 $23,232
 $235
 $546
_____________________
(1)Recorded investment represents the client loan balance net of historical charge-offs and historical nonaccrual interest paid, if applicable, which was applied to principal.





29

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


As of and for the year ended December 31, 2017As of and for the year ended December 31, 2018
Recorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance  Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized while ImpairedRecorded Investment (1) Unpaid Principal Balance Related Allowance Average Recorded Investment Interest Income Recognized while Impaired
(In thousands)(In thousands)
With no related allowance recorded:                  
Commercial and industrial$1,434
 $2,238
 n/a $1,594
 $50
$1,435
 $2,397
 n/a
 $1,614
 $69
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 n/a 1,001
 80

 
 n/a
 
 
Commercial real estate1,832
 3,453
 n/a 3,098
 1,546
546
 900
 n/a
 2,002
 1,544
Construction and land109
 109
 n/a 172
 

 
 n/a
 50
 16
Residential9,337
 9,709
 n/a 9,033
 360
8,403
 8,764
 n/a
 9,638
 408
Home equity1,779
 1,779
 n/a 413
 
990
 990
 n/a
 1,041
 24
Consumer and other
 
 n/a 
 

 
 n/a
 
 
Subtotal14,491
 17,288
 n/a 15,311
 2,036
$11,374
 $13,051
 n/a
 $14,345
 $2,061
With an allowance recorded:                  
Commercial and industrial242
 242
 $58
 156
 4
$1,770
 $1,972
 $598
 $631
 $15
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate6,855
 7,284
 362
 6,980
 322

 
 
 4,087
 705
Construction and land
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
Residential828
 828
 89
 2,469
 89
780
 780
 75
 785
 22
Home equity36
 36
 20
 36
 1
1,719
 1,719
 562
 959
 11
Consumer and other125
 250
 125
 10
 

 
 
 10
 3
Subtotal8,086
 8,640
 654
 9,651
 416
$4,269
 $4,471
 $1,235
 $6,472
 $756
Total:                  
Commercial and industrial1,676
 2,480
 58
 1,750
 54
$3,205
 $4,369
 $598
 $2,245
 $84
Commercial tax-exempt
 
 
 1,001
 80

 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate8,687
 10,737
 362
 10,078
 1,868
546
 900
 
 6,089
 2,249
Construction and land109
 109
 
 172
 

 
 
 50
 16
Residential10,165
 10,537
 89
 11,502
 449
9,183
 9,544
 75
 10,423
 430
Home equity1,815
 1,815
 20
 449
 1
2,709
 2,709
 562
 2,000
 35
Consumer and other125
 250
 125
 10
 

 
 
 10
 3
Total$22,577
 $25,928
 $654
 $24,962
 $2,452
$15,643
 $17,522
 $1,235
 $20,817
 $2,817
_____________________
(1)Recorded investment represents the client loan balance net of historical charge-offs and historical nonaccrual interest paid, if applicable, which was applied to principal.
When management determines that it is probable that the Bank will not collect all principal and interest on a loan in accordance with the original loan terms, the loan is designated as impaired.
Loans that are designated as impaired require an analysis to determine the amount of impairment, if any. Impairment would be indicated as a result of the carrying value of the loan exceeding either the estimated collateral value, less costs to sell, for collateral dependent loans or the net present value of the projected cash flow, discounted at the loan’s contractual effective interest rate, for loans not considered to be collateral dependent. Generally, shortfalls in the analysis on collateral dependent loans would result in the impairment amount being charged-off to the allowance for loan losses. Shortfalls on cash flow dependent loans may be carried as specific allocations to the general reserve unless a known loss is determined to have occurred, in which case, such known loss is charged-off.
Loans in the held for sale category are carried at the lower of amortized cost or estimated fair value in the aggregate and are excluded from the allowance for loan losses analysis.

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

As of June 30, 2019, the Bank has pledged $2.6 billion of loans in a blanket lien agreement with the FHLB. The Bank also has $459.6 million of loans pledged as collateral at the FRB for access to their discount window. As of December 31, 2018, the Bank had pledged $2.6 billion of loans to the FHLB and $540.0 million of loans at the FRB.
The Bank may, under certain circumstances, restructure loans as a concession to borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty. Such loans are classified as TDRs and are included in impaired loans. TDRs typically result from the Bank’s loss mitigation activities which, among other things, could include rate reductions, payment extensions, and/or principal

30

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

forgiveness. As of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, TDRs totaled $12.9$10.6 million and $13.6$8.0 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2018, $10.72019, $6.9 million of the $12.9$10.6 million in TDRs were on accrual status. As of December 31, 2017, $11.12018, $3.8 million of the $13.6$8.0 million in TDRs were on accrual status.
Since all TDR loans are considered impaired loans, they are individually evaluated for impairment. The resulting impairment, if any, would have an impact on the allowance for loan losses as a specific reserve or charge-off. If, prior to the classification as a TDR, the loan was not impaired, there would have been a general or allocated reserve on the particular loan. Therefore, depending upon the result of the impairment analysis, there could be an increase or decrease in the related allowance for loan losses. Many loans initially categorized as TDRs are already on nonaccrual status and are already considered impaired. Therefore, there is generally not a material change to the allowance for loan losses when a nonaccruing loan is categorized as a TDR.

The following tables present the balance of TDRs that were restructured or defaulted during the periods indicated:
 As of and for the three months ended June 30, 2019
 Restructured Current Quarter 
TDRs that defaulted in the Current
Quarter that were restructured
in prior twelve months
 
# of
Loans
 
Pre-
modification
recorded
investment
 
Post-
modification
recorded
investment
 
# of
Loans
 
Post-
modification
recorded
investment
 (In thousands, except number of loans)
Commercial and industrial
 $
 $
 
 $
Commercial tax exempt
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
 
 
 
 
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
Residential (1)1
 222
 222
 
 
Home equity (1)1
 274
 274
 
 
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
Total2
 $496
 $496
 
 $
_____________________
(1)Represents the following type of concession: temporary reduction of interest rate.

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

 
As of and for the six months ended June 30, 2019

 Restructured Year to Date 
TDRs that defaulted in the Year to Date that were restructured
in prior twelve months
 
# of
Loans
 
Pre-
modification
recorded
investment
 
Post-
modification
recorded
investment
 
# of
Loans
 
Post-
modification
recorded
investment
 (In thousands, except number of loans)
Commercial and industrial1
 $179
 $179
 
 $
Commercial tax exempt
 
 
 
 
Commercial real estate
 
 
 
 
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
Residential2
 3,222
 3,222
 
 
Home equity1
 274
 274
 
 
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
Total4
 $3,675
 $3,675
 
 $

 As of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019
 Extension of term Temporary rate reduction Payment deferral Combination of concessions (1) Total concessions
 # of
Loans
 
Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 # of
Loans
 Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 # of
Loans
 Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 # of
Loans
 Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 # of
Loans
 Post-
modifi-
cation
recorded
invest-
ment
 (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial1
 $179
 
 $
 
 $
 
 $
 1
 $179
Commercial real estate
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
 
 2
 3,222
 
 
 
 
 2
 3,222
Home equity
 
 1
 274
 
 
 
 
 1
 274
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

 As of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018
 Restructured Current Quarter 
TDRs that defaulted in the Current
Quarter that were restructured
in prior twelve months
 
# of
Loans
 
Pre-
modification
recorded
investment
 
Post-
modification
recorded
investment
 
# of
Loans
 
Post-
modification
recorded
investment
 (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial and industrial (1)1
 $100
 $100
 
 $
Commercial real estate
 
 
 
 
Construction and land
 
 
 
 
Residential
 
 
 
 
Home equity
 
 
 
 
Consumer and other
 
 
 
 
Total1
 $100
 $100
 
 $
______________________
(1)    Represents the following type of concession: extension of term.
There were no TDR loans that were restructured or defaulted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2017.
Loan participations serviced for others and loans serviced for others are not included in the Company’s total loans. The following table presents a summary of the loan participations serviced for others and loans serviced for others based on class of receivable as of the dates indicated:
 June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$9,269
 $8,024
Commercial tax-exempt18,824
 19,105
Commercial real estate44,613
 60,688
Construction and land20,135
 39,966
Total loan participations serviced for others$92,841
 $127,783
    
Residential$30,394
 $33,168
Total loans serviced for others$30,394
 $33,168
 June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$8,313
 $8,484
Commercial tax-exempt19,464
 19,805
Commercial real estate49,200
 49,783
Construction and land32,229
 37,840
Total loan participations serviced for others$109,206
 $115,912
    
Residential$38,217
 $41,440
Total loans serviced for others$38,217
 $41,440

Total loans include deferred loan origination (fees)/ costs, net, of $7.8$8.4 million and $6.9$8.5 million as of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively.



31

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


7.    Allowance for Loan Losses
The allowance for loan losses, which is reported as a reduction of outstanding loan balances, and totaled $73.5$75.1 million and $74.7$75.3 million atas of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively.
The following tables presenttable presents a summary of the changes in the allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated:
 As of and for the three months ended June 30, As of and for the six months ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
 (In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses, beginning of period:       
Commercial and industrial$15,687
 $11,443
 $15,912
 $11,735
Commercial real estate41,813
 46,116
 41,934
 46,820
Construction and land5,353
 4,533
 6,022
 4,949
Residential10,057
 9,896
 10,026
 9,773
Home equity796
 784
 1,284
 835
Consumer and other108
 126
 134
 630
Total allowance for loan losses, beginning of period73,814
 72,898
 75,312
 74,742
Loans charged-off:       
Commercial and industrial(195) (125) (195) (339)
Commercial real estate
 
 
 (135)
Construction and land
 
 
 
Residential
 
 
 (16)
Home equity
 
 (562) 
Consumer and other
 (15) (2) (39)
Total charge-offs(195) (140) (759) (529)
        
Recoveries on loans previously charged-off:       
Commercial and industrial40
 152
 228
 234
Commercial real estate30
 50
 219
 175
Construction and land
 
 
 
Residential
 27
 100
 27
Home equity
 
 
 1
Consumer and other15
 24
 30
 156
Total recoveries85
 253
 577
 593
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses:       
Commercial and industrial550
 911
 137
 751
Commercial real estate1,898
 (983) 1,588
 (1,677)
Construction and land(573) 80
 (1,242) (336)
Residential(502) (119) (571) 20
Home equity9
 552
 83
 500
Consumer and other(19) 12
 (58) (600)
Total provision/(credit) for loan losses1,363
 453
 (63) (1,342)

 As of and for the three months ended June 30, As of and for the six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
 (In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses, beginning of period:       
Commercial and industrial$11,443
 $12,291
 $11,735
 $12,751
Commercial real estate46,116
 51,164
 46,820
 50,412
Construction and land4,533
 3,197
 4,949
 3,039
Residential9,896
 10,090
 9,773
 10,449
Home equity784
 987
 835
 1,035
Consumer and other126
 302
 630
 391
Total allowance for loan losses, beginning of period72,898
 78,031
 74,742
 78,077
Loans charged-off:       
Commercial and industrial(125) (218) (339) (218)
Commercial real estate
 
 (135) 
Construction and land
 
 
 
Residential
 
 (16) (58)
Home equity
 
 
 
Consumer and other(15) (245) (39) (245)
Total charge-offs(140) (463) (529) (521)
        
Recoveries on loans previously charged-off:       
Commercial and industrial152
 67
 234
 154
Commercial real estate50
 3,479
 175
 3,529
Construction and land
 
 
 
Residential27
 
 27
 47
Home equity
 
 1
 
Consumer and other24
 9
 156
 18
Total recoveries253
 3,555
 593
 3,748
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses:       
Commercial and industrial911
 (468) 751
 (1,015)
Commercial real estate(983) (6,507) (1,677) (5,805)
Construction and land80
 388
 (336) 546
Residential(119) 192
 20
 (156)
Home equity552
 (58) 500
 (106)
Consumer and other12
 339
 (600) 241
Total provision/(credit) for loan losses453
 (6,114) (1,342) (6,295)

32

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


 As of and for the three months ended June 30, As of and for the six months ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
 (In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses, end of period:       
Commercial and industrial16,082
 12,381
 16,082
 12,381
Commercial real estate43,741
 45,183
 43,741
 45,183
Construction and land4,780
 4,613
 4,780
 4,613
Residential9,555
 9,804
 9,555
 9,804
Home equity805
 1,336
 805
 1,336
Consumer and other104
 147
 104
 147
Total allowance for loan losses, end of period$75,067
 $73,464
 $75,067
 $73,464
 As of and for the three months ended June 30, As of and for the six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
 (In thousands)
Allowance for loan losses at end of period:       
Commercial and industrial12,381
 11,672
 12,381
 11,672
Commercial real estate45,183
 48,136
 45,183
 48,136
Construction and land4,613
 3,585
 4,613
 3,585
Residential9,804
 10,282
 9,804
 10,282
Home equity1,336
 929
 1,336
 929
Consumer and other147
 405
 147
 405
Total allowance for loan losses at end of period$73,464
 $75,009
 $73,464
 $75,009

The allowance for loan losses is an estimate of the inherent risk of loss in the loan portfolio as of the consolidated balance sheet dates. Management estimates the level of the allowance based on all relevant information available. Changes to the required level in the allowance result in either a provision for loan loss expense, if an increase is required, or a credit to the provision, if a decrease is required. Loan losses are charged to the allowance when available information confirms that specific loans, or portions thereof, are uncollectible. Recoveries on loans previously charged-off are credited to the allowance when received in cash.cash or when the Bank takes possession of other assets.
The provision/ (credit) for loan losses and related allowance balance in the allowance for loan losses for tax-exempt commercial and industrial loans areis included with commercial and industrial.industrial loans. The provision/ (credit) for loan losses and related allowance balance in the allowance for loan losses for tax-exempt commercial real estate loans areis included with commercial real estate.estate loans. There were no charge-offs or recoveries, for any period presented, for both commercial and industrial and commercial real estate tax-exempt loans.
The following tables present the Company’s allowance for loan losses and loan portfolio atas of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 20172018 by portfolio segment, disaggregated by method of impairment analysis. The Company had no loans acquired with deteriorated credit quality atas of June 30, 20182019 or December 31, 2017.2018.
June 30, 2018June 30, 2019
Individually Evaluated
for Impairment
 
Collectively Evaluated
for Impairment
 Total
Individually Evaluated
for Impairment
 
Collectively Evaluated
for Impairment
 Total
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$2,318
 $134
 $1,019,757
 $12,247
 $1,022,075
 $12,381
$2,110
 $93
 $1,104,383
 $15,989
 $1,106,493
 $16,082
Commercial real estate8,358
 187
 2,496,163
 44,996
 2,504,521
 45,183

 
 2,530,556
 43,741
 2,530,556
 43,741
Construction and land
 
 172,024
 4,613
 172,024
 4,613

 
 200,378
 4,780
 200,378
 4,780
Residential11,271
 82
 2,796,935
 9,722
 2,808,206
 9,804
15,905
 74
 3,009,853
 9,481
 3,025,758
 9,555
Home equity1,769
 597
 90,032
 739
 91,801
 1,336
2,771
 24
 87,159
 781
 89,930
 805
Consumer and other
 
 168,496
 147
 168,496
 147

 
 127,145
 104
 127,145
 104
Total$23,716
 $1,000
 $6,743,407
 $72,464
 $6,767,123
 $73,464
$20,786
 $191
 $7,059,474
 $74,876
 $7,080,260
 $75,067

33

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


 December 31, 2018
 
Individually Evaluated
for Impairment
 
Collectively Evaluated
for Impairment
 Total
 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$3,205
 $598
 $1,071,503
 $15,314
 $1,074,708
 $15,912
Commercial real estate546
 
 2,395,146
 41,934
 2,395,692
 41,934
Construction and land
 
 240,306
 6,022
 240,306
 6,022
Residential9,183
 75
 2,939,790
 9,951
 2,948,973
 10,026
Home equity2,709
 562
 87,712
 722
 90,421
 1,284
Consumer and other
 
 143,058
 134
 143,058
 134
Total$15,643
 $1,235
 $6,877,515
 $74,077
 $6,893,158
 $75,312

 December 31, 2017
 
Individually Evaluated
for Impairment
 
Collectively Evaluated
for Impairment
 Total
 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses 
Recorded investment
(loan balance)
 Allowance for loan losses
 (In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$1,676
 $58
 $938,014
 $11,677
 $939,690
 $11,735
Commercial real estate8,687
 362
 2,431,533
 46,458
 2,440,220
 46,820
Construction and land109
 
 164,881
 4,949
 164,990
 4,949
Residential10,165
 89
 2,672,368
 9,684
 2,682,533
 9,773
Home equity1,815
 20
 98,143
 815
 99,958
 835
Consumer and other125
 125
 177,512
 505
 177,637
 630
Total$22,577
 $654
 $6,482,451
 $74,088
 $6,505,028
 $74,742


8.    Derivatives and Hedging Activities
The Company is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Company principally manages its exposures to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Company manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity, and credit risk, primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities and, to a lesser extent, the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, the Company enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are generally determined by interest rates. The Company’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing, and duration of the Company’s known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally related to certain loans, deposits, and borrowings. As a service to its customers, the Company may utilize
derivative instruments including customer foreign exchange forward contracts to manage its foreign exchange risk, if any.
The following table presents the fair value of the Company’s derivative financial instruments as well as their classification on the consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017:2018:
June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Asset derivatives Liability derivatives Asset derivatives Liability derivativesAsset derivatives Liability derivatives Asset derivatives Liability derivatives
Balance
sheet
location
 Fair value (1) 
Balance
sheet
location
 Fair value (1) 
Balance
sheet
location
 Fair value (1) 
Balance
sheet
location
 Fair value (1)
Balance
sheet
location
 
Fair 
value (1)
 
Balance
sheet
location
 
Fair 
value (1)
 
Balance
sheet
location
 
Fair 
value (1)
 
Balance
sheet
location
 
Fair 
value (1)
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:        Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate products
Other
assets
 $1,197
 
Other
liabilities
 $
 
Other
assets
 $555
 Other
liabilities
 $(80)
Interest rate swapsOther assets $5
 Other liabilities $
 Other assets $553
 Other liabilities $
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:        Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Interest rate products
Other
assets
 26,865
 
Other
liabilities
 (27,290) 
Other
assets
 18,575
 Other
liabilities
 (18,953)
Foreign exchange contractsOther assets 1
 Other
liabilities
 (1) Other assets 2
 Other
liabilities
 (2)
Interest rate swapsOther assets 33,835
 Other liabilities 34,586
 Other assets 21,889
 Other liabilities 22,385
Risk participation agreements
Other
assets
 24
 
Other
liabilities
 (113) 
Other
assets
 1
 Other liabilities (108)Other assets 12
 Other liabilities 272
 Other assets 2
 Other liabilities 152
Total $28,087
 $(27,404) $19,133
 $(19,143) $33,852
 $34,858
 $22,444
 $22,537
_____________________
(1)For additional details, see Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 5: Fair Value Measurements.”Measurements”.

34

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


The following tables presenttable presents the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments on accumulated other comprehensive income for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 2017:2018:
Derivatives in cash
flow hedging
relationships
 Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives (1) 
Location of (gain)
or loss reclassified
from accumulated
OCI into income
 Amount of (gain) or loss reclassified from accumulated OCI into income Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives 
Location of gain
or (loss) reclassified
from accumulated
OCI into income
 Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income
Three months ended June 30, Three months ended June 30, Three months ended June 30, Three months ended June 30,
2018 2017 2018 2017 2019 2018 2019 2018
 (In thousands) (In thousands) (In thousands) (In thousands)
Interest rate products $175
 $(425) Interest expense $(263) $357
Interest rate swaps $(9) $175
 Interest expense $191
 $263
Total $175
 $(425) $(263) $357
 $(9) $175
 $191
 $263
____________________
(1)There was an additional $2 thousand gain related to the ineffective portion for the three months ended as of June 30, 2017.


Derivatives in cash
flow hedging
relationships
 Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives (1) Location of (gain)
or loss reclassified
from accumulated
OCI into income
 Amount of (gain) or loss reclassified from accumulated OCI into income Amount of gain or (loss) recognized in OCI on derivatives (1) Location of gain
or (loss) reclassified
from accumulated
OCI into income
 Amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated OCI into income
Six months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2018 2017 2018 2017 2019 2018 2019 2018
 (In thousands) (In thousands) (In thousands) (In thousands)
Interest rate products $1,011
 $(358) Interest expense $(284) $660
Interest rate swaps $(47) $1,011
 Interest expense $502
 $284
Total $1,011
 $(358) $(284) $660
 $(47) $1,011
 $502
 $284
____________________
(1)There was an additional $(2) thousand loss related to the ineffective portion for the six months ended as of June 30, 2017. The guidance in ASU 2017-12 requires that amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income that are included in the assessment of effectiveness should be reclassified into earnings in the same period in which the hedged forecasted transactions impact earnings. Transition guidance for this ASU further states that upon adoption, previously recorded cumulative ineffectiveness for cash flow hedges existing at the adoption date be eliminated by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income with a corresponding adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of the initial application date. There was a $5 thousand reclassification related to the adoption of ASU 2017-12 effective January 1, 2018.
The following table presents the effect of the Company’s derivative financial instruments in the consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 2017:2018:
 
Location of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated
OCI into income
Amount of gain or
(loss) recognized in
income on cash flow
hedging relationships
 
Amount of gain or
(loss) recognized in
income on cash flow
hedging relationships
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2019 2018 2019 2018
  (In thousands)
Total amounts of income and (expense) line items presented in the statement of operations in which the effects of fair value or cash flow hedges are recordedInterest expense$191
 $263
 $502
 $284
The effects of cash flow hedging:        
Gain or (loss) on cash flow hedging relationships
in ASC 815
        
Interest contracts - amount of gain or (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into incomeInterest expense$191
 $263
 $502
 $284
 Location of (gain) or
loss reclassified from
accumulated OCI
into income
Amount of (gain) or
loss recognized in
income on cash flow
hedging relationships
 
Amount of (gain) or
loss recognized in
income on cash flow
hedging relationships
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2018 2017 2018 2017
  (In thousands)
Total amounts of (income) and expense line items
presented in the statement of operations in which
the effects of fair value or cash flow hedges are recorded
Interest expense$(263) n/a $(284) n/a
The effects of cash flow hedging:        
(Gain) or loss on cash flow hedging relationships
in ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging, Subtopic 20 Hedging - general
        
Interest contracts - amount of (gain) or loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into incomeInterest expense$(263) n/a $(284) n/a

The Bank has agreements with its derivative counterparties that contain provisions where, if the Bank defaults on any of its indebtedness, including default where repayment of the indebtedness has not been accelerated by the lender, then the

35

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Bank could also be declared in default on its derivative obligations. The Bank was in compliance with these provisions as of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017.2018.
The Bank also has agreements with certain of its derivative counterparties that contain provisions where, if the Bank fails to maintain its status as a well- or adequately-capitalized institution, then the counterparty could terminate the derivative positions and the Bank would be required to settle its obligations under the agreements. The Bank was in compliance with these provisions as of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017.2018.
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

Certain of the Bank’s agreements with its derivative counterparties contain provisions where, if specified, events or conditions occur that materially change the Bank’s creditworthiness in an adverse manner, the Bank may be required to fully collateralize its obligations under the derivative instruments. The Bank was in compliance with these provisions as of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017.2018.
As of June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018, there were nothe termination amounts related to collateral determinations of derivatives in a liability position were $33.1 million and as of December 31, 2017, the termination amount was $3.1 million.$2.2 million, respectively. The Company has minimum collateral posting thresholds with its derivative counterparties andcounterparties. As of June 30, 2019, the Company had pledged securities with a market valuesvalue of $1.1$35.2 million and $2.3 million, respectively, as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, against its obligations under these agreements. As of December 31, 2018, the Company had no pledged securities. The collateral posted is typically greater than the current liability position; however, due to timing of liability position changes at period end, the funding of a collateral shortfall may take place shortly following period end.
Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk
The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest income and expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements.
To accomplish this objective and strategy, the Company hasBank entered into oneinterest rate swaps as partswap during 2013 with an effective date of itsAugust 1, 2013. This interest rate risk management strategy.  These interest rate swaps areswap is designated as a cash flow hedgeshedge and involveinvolves the receipt of variable rate amounts from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed payments. The Companyswap has entered intoa notional amount of $25 million and a term of six years from its respective effective date. The interest rate swaps to hedge London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) -indexed brokered deposits and the LIBOR component of the total cost of certain FHLB borrowings.
To accomplish this objective and strategy, the Bank has entered into a total of six interest rate swaps, two during 2017 with effective dates of March 22, 2017 and four during 2013 with effective dates of September 2, 2014, June 1, 2014, March 1, 2014, and August 1, 2013.
The two interest rate swaps entered into during 2017 have notional amounts of $40 million and $60 million with terms of 1.75 and 2.25 years, respectively. These interest rate swapsswap will effectively fix the Bank’s interest payments on $100 million in interest-related cash outflows attributable to changes in the LIBOR component of FHLB borrowing liabilities at rates of 1.55% and 1.65%, respectively, with a weighted average rate of 1.61%. The borrowings hedged will initially be expected to be issuances and quarterly rollovers of three-month FHLB advances but may also then include future issuances of three-month repurchase agreements with similar characteristics and/or future issuances of either floating or fixed rate borrowings that are issued with the specific intent to replace the quarterly rollovers of the advances or repurchase agreements.
The four interest rate swaps entered into during 2013 each have a notional amount of $25 million and have terms ranging from four to six years from their respective effective dates. The interest rate swaps effectively fix the Bank’s interest payments on $100 million of its LIBOR-indexed deposit liabilities at rates between 1.68% and 2.32%, with a weighted average rate of 1.95%2.03%.
Prior to the implementation of ASU 2017-12, which was implemented on a modified retrospective basis on January 1, 2018, the Company used the “Hypothetical Derivative Method” described in ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”), for quarterly prospective and retrospective assessments of hedge effectiveness, as well as for measurements of hedge ineffectiveness. Under this method, the Company assessed the effectiveness of each hedging relationship by comparing the changes in cash flows of the derivative hedging instrument with the changes in cash flows of the designated hedged transactions. The effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivative was initially reported in other comprehensive income (“OCI”) (outside of earnings) and subsequently reclassified to earnings in interest and dividend income when the hedged transactions affect earnings. Ineffectiveness resulting from the hedge was recorded as a gain or loss in the consolidated statement of operations as part of fees and other income.
Upon implementation ofPer ASU 2017-12, for derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk, the gain or loss on the derivative is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income and subsequently reclassified into interest expense in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. A portion of the balance reported in accumulated other comprehensive income related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made or received on the Company’s interest rate swaps. During the next twelve months, the Company

36

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

estimates that $1.2 millionan immaterial amount will be reclassified as a decrease in interest expense. The Company monitors the risk of counterparty default on an ongoing basis.
Non-designated Hedges
Derivatives not designated as hedges are not speculative and result from different services the Bank provides to qualified commercial clients. The Bank offers certain derivative products directly to such clients. The Bank economically hedges derivative transactions executed with commercial clients by entering into mirror-image, offsetting derivatives with third parties. Derivative transactions executed as part of these programs are not designated in ASC 815-qualifying hedging relationships and are, therefore, marked-to-market through earnings each period. Because the derivatives have mirror-image contractual terms, the changes in fair value substantially offset through earnings. The net effect on earnings is primarily driven by changes in the credit valuation adjustment (“CVA”). The CVA represents the dollar amount of fair value adjustment related to nonperformance risk of both the Bank and its counterparties. Fees earned in connection with the execution of derivatives related to this program are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations in other income. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, theThe Bank had 156 and 142 derivatives, respectively, related to this program, comprised ofhas interest rate swaps and caps related to this program with an aggregate notional amount of $1.2$1.4 billion as of June 30, 20182019 and $1.1$1.3 billion as of December 31, 2017.2018. As of June 30, 2019, there were no foreign currency exchange contracts and as of December 31, 2018, there were eleven foreign currency exchange contracts with an aggregate notional amount of $0.7$0.1 million outstanding related to this program, and as of December 31, 2017, there were three foreign currency exchange contracts with an aggregate notional amount of $0.2 million.program.
In addition, as a participant lender, the Bank has guaranteed performance on the pro-rated portion of swaps executed by other financial institutions. As the participant lender, the Bank is providing a partial guarantee, but is not a direct party to the related swap transactions. The Bank has no obligations under the risk participation agreements unless the borrower defaults on their swap transaction with the lead bank and the swap is in a liability position to the borrower. In that instance, the Bank has agreed to pay the lead bank a portion of the swap’s termination value at the time of the default. The derivative transactions entered into as part of these agreements are not designated, as per ASC 815, as qualifying hedging relationships and are, therefore, marked-to-market through earnings each period. As of June 30, 2019, there were seven of these risk participation transactions with an aggregate notional amount of $59.4 million and, as of December 31, 2018, there were seven of these risk participation transactions with an aggregate notional amount of $60.2 million and, as of December 31, 2017, there were six of these risk participation transactions with an aggregate notional amount of $48.0$59.8 million.
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

The Bank has also participated out to other financial institutions a pro-rated portion of swaps executed by the Bank. The other financial institution has no obligations under the risk participation agreements unless the borrowers default on their swap transactions with the Bank and the swaps are in liability positions to the borrower. In those instances, the other financial institution has agreed to pay the Bank a portion of the swap’s termination value at the time of the default. The derivative transactions entered into as part of these agreements are not designated, as per ASC 815, as qualifying hedging relationships and are, therefore, marked-to-market through earnings each period. As of June 30, 2018,2019, there were threefour of these risk participation transactions with a pro-rated notional amount of $11.5$20.6 million and, as of December 31, 2017,2018, there were twofour of these risk participation transactions with a pro-rated notional amount of $6.1$20.7 million.
The following table presents the effect of the Bank’s derivative financial instruments not designated as hedging instruments in the consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 2017.2018.
    
Amount of gain or (loss), net,
recognized in income on derivatives
Derivatives not designated as
hedging instruments
 Location of gain or (loss) recognized in income on derivatives Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2019 2018 2019 2018
    (In thousands)
Interest rate swaps Other income/ (expense) $(64) $(139) $(255) $(47)
Risk participation agreements Other income/ (expense) (213) 47
 (109) 213
Total   $(277) $(92) $(364) $166

    Amount of gain or (loss), net, recognized in income on derivatives
Derivatives not designated as
hedging instruments
 Location of gain or (loss) recognized in income on derivatives Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017 2018 2017
    (In thousands)
Interest rate products Other income/ (expense) $(139) $(324) $(47) $(646)
Risk participation agreements Other income/ (expense) 47
 320
 213
 320
Total   $(92) $(4) $166
 $(326)



37

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

9.    Income Taxes
The following table presents the components of income tax expense for continuing operations, discontinued operations, noncontrolling interests and the Company:
 Six months ended June 30,
 2019 2018
 (In thousands)
Income from continuing operations:   
Income before income taxes$49,277
 $52,867
Income tax expense10,286
 23,425
Net income from continuing operations$38,991
 $29,442
Effective tax rate, continuing operations20.9% 44.3%
    
Income from discontinued operations:   
Income before income taxes$
 $2,388
Income tax expense


 692
Net income from discontinued operations$
 $1,696
Effective tax rate, discontinued operations% 29.0%
    
Less: Income attributable to noncontrolling interests:   
Income before income taxes$169
 $2,018
Income tax expense
 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests$169
 $2,018
Effective tax rate, noncontrolling interests% %
    
Income attributable to the Company   
Income before income taxes$49,108
 $53,237
Income tax expense10,286
 24,117
Net income attributable to the Company$38,822
 $29,120
Effective tax rate attributable to the Company20.9% 45.3%

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)
 Six months ended June 30,
 2018 2017
 (In thousands)
Income from continuing operations:   
Income before income taxes$52,867
 $55,005
Income tax expense23,425
 16,516
Net income from continuing operations$29,442
 $38,489
Effective tax rate, continuing operations44.3% 30.0%
    
Income from discontinued operations:   
Income before income taxes$2,388
 $4,606
Income tax expense692
 1,911
Net income from discontinued operations$1,696
 $2,695
Effective tax rate, discontinued operations29.0% 41.5%
    
Less: Income attributable to noncontrolling interests:   
Income before income taxes$2,018
 $2,116
Income tax expense
 
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests$2,018
 $2,116
Effective tax rate, noncontrolling interests% %
    
Income attributable to the Company   
Income before income taxes$53,237
 $57,495
Income tax expense24,117
 18,427
Net income attributable to the Company$29,120
 $39,068
Effective tax rate attributable to the Company45.3% 32.0%

The effective tax rate for continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2019 of 20.9%, with related tax expense of $10.3 million, was calculated based on a projected 2019 annual effective tax rate. The effective tax rate was less than the statutory rate of 21% due primarily to earnings from tax-exempt investments and income tax credits. These savings were partially offset by state and local income taxes and the accounting for investments in affordable housing projects.
The effective tax rate for continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2018 of 44.3%, with related tax expense of $23.4 million, was calculated based on a projected 2018 annual effective tax rate. The effective tax rate was more than the statutory rate of 21% due primarily to the sale of Anchor and state and local income taxes. These items were partially offset by earnings from tax-exempt investments and income tax credits. The Company recorded tax expense of $12.7 million on the sale of Anchor in April 2018, which was primarily due to a book to taxbook-to-tax basis difference associated with nondeductible goodwill.
The effective tax rate for continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2017 of 30.0%, with related tax expense of $16.5 million, was calculated based on a projected 2017 annual effective tax rate. The effective tax rate was less than the statutory rate of 35% due primarily to earnings from tax-exempt investments, income tax credits, and income attributable to noncontrolling interests. These items were partially offset by state and local income taxes.
The effective tax rate for continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 20182019 is moreless than the effective tax rate for the same period in 2017 due2018 primarily to the sale of Anchor. This item is partially offset by the reduction in the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”)$12.7 million tax expense that was enactedrecorded on December 22, 2017.the sale of Anchor in April 2018.



38

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

10.    Noncontrolling Interests
At the Company, noncontrollingNoncontrolling interests consist of equity owned by management of the Company’s respective majority-owned affiliates.affiliates, DGHM, BOS, and Anchor for the periods in which the Company had an ownership interest in them. Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in the consolidated statements of operations represents the net income allocated to the noncontrolling interest owners of the affiliates. Net income allocated to the noncontrolling interest owners was $1.0$0.1 million and $1.2$1.0 million for the three-month periods ended June 30, 20182019 and 2017,2018, respectively, and $2.0$0.2 million and $2.1$2.0 million for the six-month periods ended June 30, 20182019 and 2017,2018, respectively.
On the consolidated balance sheets, noncontrolling interests are included as the sum of the capital and undistributed profits allocated to the noncontrolling interest owners. Typically, this balance is included in a company’s permanent shareholders’ equity in the consolidated balance sheets. When the noncontrolling interest owners’ rights include certain redemption features, as described in ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, such redeemable noncontrolling interests are classified as mezzanine equity and are not included in permanent shareholders’ equity. Due to the redemption features of the noncontrolling interests, the Company had redeemable noncontrolling interests held in mezzanine equity in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of $10.7$1.8 million and $17.5$2.5 million atas of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively. The aggregate amount of such redeemable noncontrolling equity interests are recorded at the estimated maximum redemption values. In addition, theThe Company had $2.0 million and $5.2 million inno noncontrolling interests included in permanent shareholder’s equity at June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017, respectively.2018.
Each non-wholly owned affiliate operating agreement provides the Company and/or the noncontrolling interests with contingent call or put redemption features used for the orderly transfer of noncontrolling equity interests between the affiliate noncontrolling interest owners and the Company at either a contractually predetermined fair value; multiple of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA)(“EBITDA”); or fair value. The Company may liquidate these noncontrolling interests in cash, shares of the Company’s common stock, or other forms of consideration dependent on the operating agreement. These agreements are discussed in Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 14: Noncontrolling Interests” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.2018.
Generally, these put and call redemption features refer to shareholder rights of both the Company and the noncontrolling interest owners of the Company’s majority-owned affiliate companies. The affiliate company noncontrolling interests generally take the form of limited liability company (LLC)(“LLC”) units, profits interests, or common stock (collectively, the “noncontrolling equity interests”). In most circumstances, the put and call redemption features generally relate to the Company’s right and, in some cases, obligation to purchase and the noncontrolling equity interests’ right to sell their equity interests. There are various events that could cause the puts or calls to be exercised, such as a change in control, death, disability, retirement, resignation or termination. The puts and calls are generally to be exercised at the then fair value or a contractually agreed upon approximation thereof. The terms of these rights vary and are governed by the respective individual operating and legal documents.
The following table presents, by affiliate, theRedeemable noncontrolling interests includedrecorded as redeemableof June 30, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were exclusively related to the rights of DGHM owners. The divestitures of BOS and Anchor in 2018 resulted in the Company no longer carrying noncontrolling interests and noncontrolling interests in mezzanine andwithin permanent equity, respectively, at the periods indicated:
 June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017
 (In thousands)
Anchor (1)$
 $9,761
BOS8,352
 8,057
DGHM (2)4,391
 4,829
Total$12,743
 $22,647
Redeemable noncontrolling interests$10,747
 $17,461
Noncontrolling interests$1,996
 $5,186
_____________________
(1)Assets and liabilities at Anchor were classified as held for sale on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2017. The Company completed the sale of Anchor in April 2018.
(2)    Only includes redeemable noncontrolling interests.

39

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

shareholders' equity. The following tables present a rollforward of the Company’s redeemable noncontrolling interests and noncontrolling interests for the periods indicated:
 Three months ended Six months ended
 June 30, 2018 June 30, 2018
 Redeemable noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests Redeemable noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests
 (In thousands)
Noncontrolling interests at beginning of period$16,322
 $4,825
 $17,461
 $5,186
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests732
 236
 1,491
 527
Distributions(712) (227) (1,449) (509)
Purchases/ (sales) of ownership interests(6,520) (3,051) (6,353) (3,051)
Amortization of equity compensation126
 
 248
 161
Adjustments to fair value799
 213
 (651) (318)
Noncontrolling interests at end of period$10,747
 $1,996
 $10,747
 $1,996
 Three months ended Six months ended
 June 30, 2017 June 30, 2017
 Redeemable noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests Redeemable noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests
 (In thousands)
Noncontrolling interests at beginning of period$17,232
 $3,993
 $16,972
 $4,161
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests859
 291
 1,583
 533
Distributions(842) (284) (1,545) (519)
Purchases/ (sales) of ownership interests66
 
 132
 
Amortization of equity compensation102
 250
 204
 506
Adjustments to fair value(201) 125
 (130) (306)
Noncontrolling interests at end of period$17,216
 $4,375
 $17,216
 $4,375


40

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


 Three months ended Six months ended
 June 30, 2019 June 30, 2019
 Redeemable noncontrolling interests Redeemable noncontrolling interests
 (In thousands)
Noncontrolling interests at beginning of period$662
 $2,526
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests69
 169
Distributions(69) (169)
Purchases/ (sales) of ownership interests
 12
Amortization of equity compensation9
 26
Adjustments to fair value1,115
 (778)
Noncontrolling interests at end of period$1,786
 $1,786
 Three months ended Six months ended
 June 30, 2018 June 30, 2018
 Redeemable noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests Redeemable noncontrolling interests Noncontrolling interests
 (In thousands)
Noncontrolling interests at beginning of period$16,322
 $4,825
 $17,461
 $5,186
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests732
 236
 1,491
 527
Distributions(712) (227) (1,449) (509)
Purchases/ (sales) of ownership interests(6,520) (3,051) (6,353) (3,051)
Amortization of equity compensation126
 
 248
 161
Adjustments to fair value799
 213
 (651) (318)
Noncontrolling interests at end of period$10,747
 $1,996
 $10,747
 $1,996


11.    Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
The following table presents a summary of the amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 2017:2018:
Description of component of accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 
Affected line item in
Statement of Operations
 2019 2018 2019 2018 
  (In thousands) (In thousands)  
Net realized gain/ (loss) on cash flow hedges:          
Hedges related to deposits and borrowings:          
Pre-tax gain/ (loss) $191
 $263
 $502
 $284
 Interest (expense)
Tax (expense)/ benefit (55) (76) (146) (83) Income tax (expense)/ benefit
Net $136
 $187
 $356
 $201
 Net income/ (loss) attributable to the Company
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax $136
 $187
 $356
 $201
  
Description of component of accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30, 
Affected line item in
Statement of Operations
 2018 2017 2018 2017 
  (In thousands) (In thousands)  
Adjustment for realized (gains)/ losses on available-for-sale securities, net:          
Pre-tax $
 $(237) $
 $(256) (Gain)/ loss on sale of investments, net
Tax expense/ (benefit) 
 96
 
 104
 Income tax expense/ (benefit)
Net $
 $(141) $
 $(152) Net (income)/ loss attributable to the Company
Net realized (gain)/ loss on cash flow hedges:          
Hedges related to deposits and borrowings:          
Pre-tax $(263) $357
 $(284) $660
 Interest (income)/ expense on deposits and borrowings
Pre-tax 
 (2) 
 1
 Other (income)/ expense
Tax expense/ (benefit) 76
 (149) 83
 (275) Income tax expense/ (benefit)
Net $(187) $206
 $(201) $386
 Net (income)/ loss attributable to the Company
Total reclassifications for the period, net of tax $(187) $65
 $(201) $234
  

On January 1, 2018, the Company elected to early adopt ASU No. 2017-12. As a result, the Company reclassified unrealized losses on cash flow hedges of $5 thousand from accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) to beginning retained earnings.
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU No. 2016-01. As a result, the Company reclassified unrealized gains on equity securities available-for-sale, net of tax, of $339 thousand from accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss) to beginning retained earnings.

 Components of accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss)  
 
Unrealized
gain/ (loss)
on securities
available-for-sale
 
Unrealized
gain/ (loss)
on cash flow
hedges
 
Unrealized
gain/ (loss)
on other
 
Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income/ (loss)
 (In thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2017$(8,140) $332
 $(850) $(8,658)
Other comprehensive income/ (loss) before reclassifications(14,848) 712
 1
 (14,135)
Reclassified from other comprehensive income/ (loss)
 (201) 
 (201)
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net(14,848) 511
 1
 (14,336)
Reclassification from the adoption of ASUs 2017-12 and 2016-01$(339) $5
 $
 $(334)
Balance at June 30, 2018$(23,327) $848
 $(849) $(23,328)
        
Balance at December 31, 2018$(17,556) $391
 $(554) $(17,719)
Other comprehensive income/ (loss) before reclassifications22,233
 (33) 
 22,200
Reclassified from other comprehensive income/ (loss)
 (356) 
 (356)
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net22,233
 (389) 
 21,844
Balance at June 30, 2019$4,677
 $2
 $(554) $4,125

41

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

 Components of accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss)  
 
Unrealized
gain/ (loss)
on securities
available-for-sale
 
Unrealized
gain/ (loss)
on cash flow
hedges
 
Unrealized
gain/ (loss)
on other
 
Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income/ (loss)
 (In thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2016$(11,194) $(605) $(749) $(12,548)
Other comprehensive income/ (loss) before reclassifications6,474
 (210) 12
 6,276
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income/ (loss)(152) 386
 
 234
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net6,322
 176
 12
 6,510
Balance at June 30, 2017$(4,872) $(429) $(737) $(6,038)
        
Balance at December 31, 2017$(8,140) $332
 $(850) $(8,658)
Other comprehensive income/ (loss) before reclassifications(14,848) 712
 1
 (14,135)
Amounts reclassified from other comprehensive income/ (loss)
 (201) 
 (201)
Other comprehensive income/ (loss), net(14,848) 511
 1
 (14,336)
Reclassification due to the adoption of ASUs 2017-12 and 2016-01(339) 5
 
 (334)
Balance at June 30, 2018$(23,327) $848
 $(849) $(23,328)


12.    Restructuring
In the third and fourth quarters of 2018 and the first quarter of 2014,2019, the Company incurred restructuring charges relatedof $5.8 million, $2.1 million, and $1.6 million, respectively. The charges were in connection with a previously announced reduction to the acquisitionCompany’s workforce of Banyan Partners, LLC.approximately 7% of total staffing, which included executive transition changes as well as other employee benefit and technology related initiatives. The purpose of this restructuring wasis intended to realignimprove the management structure within the Wealth ManagementCompany’s operating efficiency and Trust segment. The total cost of the restructuring incurred in Q4 2014 was $0.7 million. In 2015, the Company incurred additional restructuring charges to further refine the management structure within the Wealth Management and Trust segment. The total cost of the restructuring charges in 2015 was $3.7 million.enhance earnings.
In the first and second quarters of 2016, the Company incurred additional costs of $1.1 million and $0.9 million, respectively, in continued refinement of the management structure within the Wealth Management and Trust segment. The Company does not anticipate any additional restructuring costs related to this plan as of the date of this filing.
Restructuring expenses incurred since the plan of restructuring was first implemented in 2014 totaled $6.4 million, all within the Wealth Management and Trust segment.
The following table presents a summary of the restructuring activity for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 2017:2018:
 Severance Charges Other Associated Costs Total
 (In thousands)
Accrued charges at December 31, 2018$3,896
 $790
 $4,686
Cost incurred1,646
 
 1,646
Costs paid(1,986) 
 (1,986)
Accrued charges at March 31, 2019

3,556
 790
 4,346
Costs paid(1,364) 
 (1,364)
Accrued charges at June 30, 2019$2,192
 $790
 $2,982
      
Accrued charges at December 31, 2017$337
 $
 $337
Costs paid(254) 
 (254)
Accrued charges at March 31, 201883
 
 83
Costs paid(83) 
 (83)
Accrued charges at June 30, 2018$
 $
 $


 Severance Charges Total
 (In thousands)
Accrued charges at December 31, 2017$337
 $337
Costs paid(254) (254)
Accrued charges at March 31, 201883
 83
Costs paid(83) (83)
Accrued charges at June 30, 2018$
 $
    
Accrued charges at December 31, 2016$1,977
 $1,977
Costs paid(618) (618)
Accrued charges at March 31, 20171,359
 1,359
Costs paid(335) (335)
Accrued charges at June 30, 2017$1,024
 $1,024

42

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)



13.    Revenue Recognition
On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2014-09 et al. As stated in Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant15: Recent Accounting, Policies,” the implementation of the new standard did not have a materialan impact on the measurement or recognition of revenue; as such, a cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings was not deemed necessary. Results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”), while prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our historic accounting under ASC 605, Revenue Recognition.
ASC 606 does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments, including interest income on loans and investment securities. In addition, certain noninterest income such as fees associated with mortgage servicing rights, late fees, BOLI income, and derivatives are also not in scope of the new guidance. ASC 606 is applicable to noninterest income such as investment management fees, wealth advisory fees, wealth management and trust fees, and certain banking fees. However, the recognition of this revenue did not change upon adoption of ASC 606. Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is generated from contracts with customers. Noninterest income considered in-scope of ASC 606 is discussed below.
Investment management fees
Investment management fees are earned for the management of a series of accounts and funds in which clients invest directly, acting as a sub-advisor to larger investment management companies, or private client account management. The Company’s performance obligation is satisfied over time and the resulting fees are recognized monthly, based upon either the beginning-of quarterbeginning-of-quarter (in advance) or quarter-end (in arrears) market value of the assets under management and advisory (“AUM”) and the applicable fee rate, depending on the terms of the contract. Payment is generally received a few days after month end through a direct charge to customers’ accounts. The Company may earn performance-based incentives on certain contracts. Receivables are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet in the fees receivable line item.
All of the investment management fee income on the consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 20172018 is considered in-scope of ASC 606.
Wealth advisory fees
Wealth advisory fees are earned for providing financial advisory services to clients. The Company’s performance obligation under these contracts is satisfied over time as the financial advisory services are provided. Fees are recognized monthly based either on a fixed fee amount or are based on the quarter-end (in arrears) market value of the assets under managementAUM and the applicable fee rate (“asset based fees”), depending on the terms of the contract. Payment on fixed fee contracts is received based on a schedule outlined in the contract, while payment on asset based fees are generally received a few days after quarter end through a direct charge to customers’ accounts. No performance based incentives are earned on wealth advisory contracts. Receivables are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet in the fees receivable line item. Deferred revenues related to the fixed fee contracts of $6.5 million and $6.7 million and $6.6 million atas of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively, are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet within the other liabilities line item.
All of the wealth advisory fee income on the consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 20172018 is considered in-scope of ASC 606.
Wealth management and trust fees
Wealth management and trust fees are earned for providing investment management, wealth management, retirement plan advisory, family office, financial planning, and trust services to clients. The Company’s performance obligation under these contracts is satisfied over time as the wealth management services are provided. Fees are recognized monthly based on the average monthly, beginning-of-quarter, or, for a small number of clients, end-of-quarter market value of the assets under managementAUM and the applicable fee rate, depending on the terms of the contract. No performance based incentives are earned on wealth management contracts. Receivables are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet in the fees receivable line item.
Trust fees are earned when the Company is appointed as trustee for clients. As trustee, the Company administers the client’s trust and manages the assets of the trust including investments and property. The Company’s performance obligation under these agreements is satisfied over time as the administration and management services are provided. Fees are recognized monthly or, in certain circumstances, quarterly based on a percentage of the market value of the account as outlined in the agreement. Payment frequency is defined in the individual contracts which primarily stipulate monthly in arrears. No performance based incentives are earned on trust fee contracts. Receivables are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet in the fees receivable line item.

43

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


All of the wealth management and trust fee income on the consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 20172018 is considered in-scope of ASC 606.
Other banking fee income
The Bank charges a variety of fees to its clients for services provided on the deposit and deposit management related accounts. Each fee is either transaction-basedtransaction based or assessed monthly. The types of fees include service charges on accounts, overdraft fees, maintenance fees, ATM fee charges, credit card charges, and other miscellaneous charges related to the accounts. These fees are not governed by individual contracts with clients. They are charges to clients based on disclosures presented to clients upon opening these accounts along with updated disclosures when changes are made to the fee structures. The transaction-based fees are recognized in revenue when charged to the client based on specific activity on the client’s account. Monthly service/maintenance charges are recognized in the month they are earned and are charged directly to the client’s account.
The Bank also charges fees for treasury activities such as foreign exchange fees for clients with a banking relationship. These fees are recorded when earned via completion of the transaction for the client. The completion of the transaction is deemed to be the performance obligation of the transaction. The related revenue is recorded through a direct charge to the client’s account. There are no individual agreements or contracts with clients as it relates to foreign exchange fees as they are governed by client disclosure statements and the Bank’s internal policies and procedures.
For the three months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, $1.1$0.6 million and $0.9$1.1 million, respectively, of other banking fee income as described above is considered in-scope for ASC 606. For the six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, and 2017, $2.0$1.3 million and $1.8$2.0 million, respectively, of other banking fee income as described above is considered in-scope for ASC 606.


14.    Lease Accounting

On January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02. As stated in Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies”, the implementation of the new standard had a material effect on the financial statements. The most significant effects relate to the recognition of new operating ROU assets and operating lease liabilities on the balance sheet for real estate operating leases, providing significant new disclosures about leasing activities, and the impact of additional assets on certain financial measures, such as capital ratios and return on average asset ratios. On adoption, the Company recognized approximately $124 million of lease liabilities and $108 million of ROU assets on the face of the balance sheet. ROU assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities are net of tenant improvement allowances and deferred rent. There was no impact to the Company’s consolidated statement of cash flows upon adoption, since the net impact of all adjustments recorded upon transition represents non-cash activity.
The Company, as lessee, has 42 real estate leases for office and ATM locations classified as operating leases. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease or contains a lease at inception. The terms of the real estate leases generally have annual increases in payments based off of a fixed or variable rate, such as the Consumer Price Index rate, that is outlined within the respective contracts. Generally, the initial terms of the leases for our leased properties range from five to fifteen years. Most of the leases also include options to renew for periods of five to ten years at contractually agreed upon rates or at market rates at the time of the extension. On a quarterly basis, the Company evaluates whether the renewal of each lease is reasonably certain. If the lease doesn’t provide the implicit interest rate, the Bank uses its incremental borrowing rate at the commencement date of the lease in determining the present value of lease payments. No other significant judgments or assumptions were made in applying the requirements of ASU 2016-02.
The following table presents information about the Company's leases as of the dates indicated.
 Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
 2019 2019
 (In thousands)
Lease cost   
Operating lease cost$4,841
 $9,526
Short-term lease cost/ (refunds)(3) 29
Variable lease cost2
 4
Less: Sublease income(28) (46)
Total operating lease cost$4,812
 $9,513
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)


 Six months ended June 30,
 (In thousands, except years and percentages)
Other information 
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities 
Operating cash flows from operating leases$10,002
ROU assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities$10,510
Weighted-average remaining lease term for operating leases8.3 years
Weighted-average discount rate for operating leases3.4%


The Company is obligated for minimum payments under non-cancelable operating leases. In accordance with the
terms of these leases, the Company is currently committed to minimum annual payments as follows as of June 30, 2019:
 June 30, 2019
 (In thousands)
Remainder of 2019$10,095
202020,224
202120,406
202220,360
202319,575
Thereafter57,005
Total future minimum lease payments147,665
Less: Amounts representing interest(20,925)
Present value of net future minimum lease payments$126,740


Prior to the adoption of ASC 842, the Company’s operating leases were not recognized on the balance sheet. The following table presents the undiscounted future minimum lease payments under the Company’s operating leases as of December 31, 2018:

 December 31, 2018
(In thousands)
2019$20,053
202019,344
202119,064
202218,802
202316,552
Thereafter41,412
Total$135,227

Rent expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-02, was $5.4 million and $10.8 million, respectively.

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

15.    Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014 and at various other dates after May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09,Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”). ASU 2014-09 replaces existing revenue recognition standards and expands the disclosure requirements for revenue agreements with customers. ASU 2014-09 has been subsequently amended by additional ASUs, including ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net) and ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, collectively, “ASU 2014-09 et al. Under the new standard, a company will recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration which the company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 et al. does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments such as loans and securities. On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2014-09 et al.al. was adopted using the modified retrospective transition method as of January 1, 2018, however no cumulative effect adjustment to opening retained earnings as of January 1, 2018 was required. For additional disclosure details, seeThis new guidance was applied to all revenue contracts in place at the date of adoption. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Note 13: Revenue Recognition.”Recognition” for further details.
In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Instruments - Going Concern (“ASU 2014-15”). ASU 2014-15 requires management to evaluate an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. Management must evaluate whether conditions and events raise substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and then whether its plans alleviate that doubt. ASU 2014-15 was effective in 2016 and management performed the required evaluation and concluded that there were no such conditions or events that raised substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01.2016-01, Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (“ASU 2016-01”). This ASU requires equity investments to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value, net of tax, recognized in net income. As a result of implementing this standard, the Company reclassified $339 thousand in unrealized gains on available-for-sale equity investments, net of tax, from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings as of January 1, 2018. Additionally, this amendment requires that entities use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes. As a result of implementing this standard, the Company’s updated process includes identifying a fair value for loans using the exit price notion. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 5: Fair Value Measurements” for further details.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)(“ASU 2016-02”). This update and the related amendments to Topic 842 require lessees to recognize leases on-balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU update amends currentNo. 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases (“ASU 2018-10”); ASU No. 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842), Targeted Improvements (“ASU 2018-11”); and ASU No. 2019-01, Leases (Topic 842), Codification Improvements (“ASU 2019-01”). The new standard establishes a right-of-use model ("ROU") that requires a lessee to recognize a ROU asset and lease accounting and requires all leases, other than short-term leases, to be reportedliability on the balance sheet throughfor all leases with a term longer than 12 months. Leases are classified as finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the income statement. The new standard was effective on January 1, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted these provisions on January 1, 2019. The most significant effects relate to the recognition of a right-of-use assetnew ROU assets and a corresponding liability for future lease obligations. The amended guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those annual periods and will require transition utilizing a modified retrospective approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. Early adoption of this ASU is permitted although the Company does not plan to early adopt. The Company does not anticipate a material impact to revenue or operating expenses as a result of the adoption of this ASU. The Company expects that this ASU will gross up the assets and liabilities on the balance sheet relatedfor real estate operating leases and providing significant new disclosures about leasing activities. Additionally, the Company elected the package of practical expedients, as prescribed by ASU 2016-02. The Company elected not to reassess whether any expired or existing contracts are or contain leases nor the lease assets andclassification of those leases. The Company also elected not to reassess any initial direct costs for any existing leases. On adoption, the Company recognized approximately $124 million of lease liabilities and reduce regulatory capital ratios.

44

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes$108 million of ROU assets. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)
Note 14: Lease Accounting” for further details.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This update is intended to simplify several aspects of the accounting for employee share-based plans such as income tax consequences, classification of awards as either liabilities or equity on the balance sheet, and classification on the statement of cash flows. This ASU was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those years. The Company adopted this ASU on January 1, 2017. The adoption of this ASU has resulted in, and will continue to result in, fluctuations in the Company’s earnings due to changes in the Company’s stock price between issuance date and settlement date of employee share-based transactions. In addition, the Company anticipates that certain stock options will expire unexercised, due to having no intrinsic value, and this ASU requires the previous tax benefits to be reversed.
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments (Topic 326) (“ASU 2016-13”). This update is intended to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. To achieve this objective, the amendments in this update replace the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a current expected credit losses (“CECL”) model methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. This ASU will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is available as of the fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2018. The2018, but the Company does not plan on adopting early. The Company plans to adopt on January 1, 2020 utilizing a modified retrospective approach and is currently assessing the impact of this ASU on the Company’sCompany's consolidated financial statements will depend on factors atand disclosures. Management assembled a project team that has developed an approach for implementation including selecting a third-party software service provider, assessing the time ofkey differences and gaps between its current allowance methodologies and models with those it is considering to use upon adoption, such asidentifying the balancenecessary data requirements, testing the material data inputs, and type of loans onassessing and validating potential model options. The Company has also begun developing accounting policies and establishing internal controls relevant to the balance sheet, the Company’s loan loss history,updated methodologies and various qualitative factors.models.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15.  This update is intended to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. This ASU was effective for the Company beginning on January 1, 2018. Early adoption was permitted, provided that all of the amendments are adopted in the same period, however the Company did not early adopt. The guidance requires application using a retrospective transition method. This ASU did not have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07.2017-07, Compensation—Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost (“ASU 2017-07”). This amendment requires an employer to report the service cost component in the same line item or items as other compensation costs arising
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. The other components of net benefit cost are required to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside a subtotal of income from operations, if one is presented. This ASU was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those years. As a result of the adoption of this ASU, $181 thousand and $341 thousand, respectively, has been reclassified from salaries and employee benefits expense to other expense within the Company’s consolidated statement of operations forFor the three and six months ended June 30, 2017.2019, $339 thousand and $540 thousand, respectively, are presented within other expense that would have been presented within salaries and employee benefits prior to adoption of ASU 2017-07. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2018, $145 thousand and $280 thousand, respectively, isare presented within other expense that would have been presented within salaries and employee benefits prior to adoption of ASU 2017-07.
In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, Receivables—Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20), Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities (“ASU 2017-08”). This update amends the amortization period for certain purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. The amortization period for the premium on such securities is being shortened to the earliest call date. Under current GAAP, entities generally amortize the premium as an adjustment of yield over the contractual life of the instrument. ASU 2017-08 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted, including in an interim period. The guidance requires application using a modified retrospective transition method through a cumulative-effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings. The Company early adopted this ASU as of July 1, 2017, which had an immaterial impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12.No. 2017-12, Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities (“ASU 2017-12”). The standard is intended to improve the transparency and understandability of information conveyed to financial statement users about an entity’s risk management activities by better aligning the entity’s financial reporting for hedging relationships with those risk management activities and to reduce the complexity of and simplify the application of hedge accounting by preparers. ASU No. 2017-12 is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and2018; early adoption is permitted. The Company elected to early adoptadopted this ASU as of January 1, 2018 with a modified retrospective transition. As a result of implementing this standard, the Company reclassified $5 thousand in unrealized losses on derivatives from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings as of January 1, 2018. This ASU will provide more flexibility in the Company’s risk management activities and we believe it will enhance the Company’s ability to employ risk management strategies, while improving the transparency and understanding of those strategies for financial statement users.
In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement - Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. Income (“ASU 2018-02”). This update was issued to

45

BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

address a narrow-scope financial reporting issue that arose as a consequence of the change in the tax law. On December 22, 2017, the U.S. federal government enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”), which, among other significant changes, lowers the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% effective January 1, 2018. This update requires a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the enactment of the Tax Act. ASC 740 requires that the tax effects of changes in tax rates be recognized in income tax expense/ (benefit) attributable to continuing operations in the period in which the law is enacted. As a result, the tax effect of accumulated other comprehensive income does not reflect the appropriate tax rate. The amendments in this ASU would eliminate the stranded tax effects associated with the change in the federal corporate income tax rate related to the Tax Act and would improve the usefulness of information reported to financial statement users. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those years. Early adoption is permitted for public business entities for reporting periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued. The Company early adopted this ASU on December 31, 2017 and reclassifiedmade a one-time reclassification of $1.5 million from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings.earnings, which is reflected in the consolidated statement of changes in shareholders’ equity.

In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases (“ASU 2018-10”), and ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements (“ASU 2018-11”). These updates clarify the guidance in ASU 2016-02 which introduced Topic 842 and add an additional transition method for leases. ASU 2018-11 allows entities to initially apply the new lease standard at the adoption date (January 1, 2019 for the Company) and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. This transition method is in addition to the initial modified retrospective transition method, which would require an entity to initially apply the new leases standard (subject to specific transition requirements and optional practical expedients) at the beginning of the earliest period presented in the financial statements. Lessees also must provide the new and enhanced disclosures in the period of adoption; ASU 2018-11 would not require the amended disclosures of Topic 842 for comparative periods. The Company adopted these provisions along with those of ASU 2016-02 as of January 1, 2019. The Company has elected to use the prospective transition method and has deemed a cumulative effect adjustment not necessary at adoption. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 14: Lease Accounting” for further details.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). The amendments in ASU 2018-13 modify the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, based on the concepts in the Concepts Statement, including the consideration of costs and benefits. Among other changes, this update removes the requirements to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the policy for timing of transfers between levels, and the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. This update adds to required disclosures for changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period and the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. For certain unobservable inputs, an entity may disclose other quantitative information (such as the median or arithmetic average) in lieu of the weighted average if the
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - (Continued)

entity determines that other quantitative information would be a more reasonable and rational method to reflect the distribution of unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. The amendments in this Update are effective for all entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is still assessing the potential disclosure impact for these amendments and whether to adopt the provisions prior to January 1, 2020.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Compensation—Retirement Benefits—Defined Benefit Plans—General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans (“ASU 2018-14”). The amendments in ASU 2018-14 remove disclosures that no longer are considered cost beneficial, clarify the specific requirements of disclosures, and add disclosure requirements identified as relevant. This update is effective on a retrospective basis for interim and annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2021. The Company is still assessing the potential impact for this update and how it applies to the Company’s disclosures surrounding its two non-qualified supplemental executive retirement plans (“SERP”) and a long-term incentive plan (“LTIP”) at one of its affiliate companies.
In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract (a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force) (“ASU 2018-15”). The amendments in ASU 2018-15 align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license). The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is not affected by the amendments in ASU 2018-15. This update is effective on a retrospective basis for interim and annual reporting periods beginning January 1, 2021. The Company early adopted this update on January 1, 2019. The adoption of this update did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In October 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-16, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) Overnight Index Swap (“OIS”) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting (“ASU 2018-16”). ASU 2018-16 introduces OIS Rate based on the SOFR as an acceptable US benchmark interest rate for purposes of applying hedge accounting under Topic 815. This update is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 because the Company has already adopted ASU 2017-12. The Company adopted this update on January 1, 2019. The adoption of this update did not have a significant impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In April and May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements to Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and Topic 825, Financial Instruments (“ASU 2019-04”) and ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Targeted Transition Relief (“ASU 2019-05”), respectively. These updates clarify the guidance in ASU 2016-13 which introduced Topic 326. ASU 2019-04 clarifies and improves areas of guidance related to the recently issued standards on credit losses, hedging, and recognition and measurement. ASU 2019-05 provides entities that have certain instruments within the scope of subtopic 326-20 with an option to irrevocably elect the fair value option. These ASUs will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is available as of the fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2018, but the Company does not plan on adopting early. The Company is still assessing the potential disclosure impact for these amendments and will adopt on January 1, 2020 in conjunction with ASU 2016-13.



ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
As of and for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019
Certain statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that are not historical facts may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and are intended to be covered by the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. These statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe our future plans, strategies and expectations, can generally be identified by the use of the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “plan,” “potential,” “estimate,” “project,” “believe,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “target”“target,” and similar expressions. These statements include, among others, statements regarding our strategy, effectiveness of our investment programs, evaluations of future interest rate trends and liquidity, expectations as to growth in assets, deposits and results of operations, receipt of regulatory approval for pending acquisitions, success of acquisitions, future operations, market position, financial position, and prospects, plans and objectives of management. You should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. You should exercise caution in interpreting and relying on forward-looking statements because they are subject to significant risks, uncertainties and other factors which are, in some cases, beyond the Company’s control.
Forward-looking statements are based on the current assumptions and beliefs of management and are only expectations of future results. The Company’s actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of, among others, factors referenced herein under the section captioned “Risk Factors”; adverse conditions in the capital and debt markets and the impact of such conditions on the Company’s private banking, wealth management and trust, investment management, and wealth advisoryaffiliate partner activities; changes in interest rates; competitive pressures from other financial institutions; the effects of weakness in general economic conditions on a national basis or in the local markets in which the Company operates; changes in the value of securities and other assets; changes in loan default and charge-off rates; the adequacy of loan loss reserves; reductions in deposit levels necessitating increased borrowing to fund loans and investments; operational risks including, but not limited to, cybersecurity breaches, fraud, and natural disasters; changes in government regulation; the risk that goodwill and intangibles recorded in the Company’s financial statements will become impaired; the risk that the Company’s deferred tax assets may not be realized; risks related to the identification and implementation of acquisitions, dispositions and restructurings; and changes in assumptions used in making such forward-looking statements, as well as the other risks and uncertainties detailed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K and updated in the Company’s Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and other filings submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made. The Company does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect circumstances or events that occur after the date the forward-looking statements are made.




Executive Summary
The Company offers a wide range of private banking, and wealth management, and trust services to high net worth individuals, families, businesses and select institutions through its fourthree reportable segments: Private Banking, Wealth Management and Trust, Investment Management, and Wealth Advisory.Affiliate Partners. This Executive Summary provides an overview of the most significant aspects of our operating segments and the Company’s operations in the second quarter of 2018.2019. Details of the matters addressed in this summary are provided elsewhere in this document and, in particular, in the sections immediately following.
As of and for the three months ended June 30,    As of and for the three months ended June 30,    
2018 2017 $ Change % Change2019 2018 $ Change % Change
(In thousands, except per share data)  (In thousands, except per share data)  
Total revenues$89,640
 $95,163
 $(5,523) (6)%
Total revenue$81,840
 $89,640
 $(7,800) (9)%
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses453
 (6,114) 6,567
 nm
1,363
 453
 910
 nm
Total operating expense64,384
 67,821
 (3,437) (5)%55,659
 64,384
 (8,725) (14)%
Net income from continuing operations7,404
 23,493
 (16,089) (68)%19,449
 7,404
 12,045
 nm
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests968
 1,150
 (182) (16)%69
 968
 (899) (93)%
Net income attributable to the Company6,434
 23,406
 (16,972) (73)%19,380
 6,434
 12,946
 nm
Diluted earnings per share:              
From continuing operations$0.03
 $0.26
 $(0.23) (88)%$0.22
 $0.03
 $0.19
 nm
From discontinued operations$
 $0.01
 $(0.01) (100)%
Total attributable to common shareholders$0.03
 $0.27
 $(0.24) (89)%
              
ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORY:       
ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORY (“AUM”):ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORY (“AUM”):      
Wealth Management and Trust$7,789,000
 $7,429,000
 $360,000
 5 %$7,595,000
 $7,789,000
 $(194,000) (2)%
Wealth Advisory11,566,000
 10,744,000
 822,000
 8 %
Investment Managers (1)2,031,000
 10,901,000
 (8,870,000) (81)%
Less: Inter-company Relationship(7,000) (11,000) 4,000
 (36)%
Total Assets Under Management and Advisory$21,379,000
 $29,063,000
 $(7,684,000) (26)%
Affiliate Partners (1)8,604,000
 13,590,000
 (4,986,000) (37)%
Total AUM (1)$16,199,000
 $21,379,000
 $(5,180,000) (24)%
_____________________
nm = not meaningful
(1)Includes the assets under managementAUM at AnchorBOS of $9.1$4.5 billion at June 30, 2017.2018.
Net income attributable to the Company was $6.4$19.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 20182019 and $23.4$6.4 million for the same period in 2017.of 2018. The Company recognized total diluted earnings per share of $0.03$0.22 and $0.27$0.03 for the three-month periodsthree months ended June 30, 20182019 and 2017,2018, respectively.
Key items that affected the Company’s results in the second quarter of 20182019 compared to the same period of 20172018 include:
Total revenue decreased 9%, or $7.8 million, to $81.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $89.6 million for the same period of 2018 as described below.
Total fees and other income decreased 24%, or $7.7 million, to $24.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $32.1 million for the same period of 2018. This decrease was primarily driven by the divestitures of Anchor and BOS in 2018, as well as lower AUM balances at June 30, 2019. Total fees and other income represents 30% of total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to 36% of total revenue for the same period of 2018.
Net interest income of $57.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019 was flat from the same period of 2018. The Company's funding costs were higher as a result of increased reliance on borrowings, offset by higher asset yields. Net interest margin (“NIM”) was 2.78% for the three months ended June 30, 2019, representing a decrease of 7 basis points compared to the same period in 2018, also driven by higher funding costs, partially offset by higher asset yields. Due to the lower federal tax rate beginning in 2018, the adjustment to report NIM on a fully taxable equivalent basis (“FTE”) has become immaterial, and therefore the Company will only present NIM on a GAAP basis for all periods.

Total operating expenses decreased 14%, or $8.7 million, to $55.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to $64.4 million for the same period of 2018. The decrease was primarily driven by the divestitures of Anchor and BOS, as well as realized savings from efficiency initiatives.
Income tax expense increased 75%decreased 69%, or $12.0 million, to $17.4$5.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018,2019, compared to $10.0$17.4 million for the same period of 2017.2018. The increasedecrease was primarily driven by $12.7 million of discrete income tax expense related to the sale of Anchor in the second quarter of 2018, partially offset by the reduction in the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Act”) that was enacted on December 22, 2017. 2018.
Net interest income increased 1%, to $57.5 million forFor the three months ended June 30, 2018, compared to $57.12019 total loans increased $153.3 million, for the same periodor 2%, while total deposits decreased $341.9 million, or 5%. The Company’s loan-to-deposit ratio was 110% as of 2017. The increase was primarily driven by higher yields on interest-earning assets, higher loan volumes, and lower deposit volumes, partially offset by higher rates paid on deposits and borrowings, higher borrowing volume, and decreased volume of cash and investments. The net interest margin (“NIM”) on a fully taxable-equivalent (“FTE”) basis was 2.89% for the three months ended June 30, 2018,2019. Deposits are the Company’s primary source of funds to originate loans. When the Company’s loan-to-deposit ratio exceeds 100%, we rely on other funding sources such as FHLB borrowings or federal funds to fund loan growth. If the Company is unable to grow deposits in line with loan growth we will evaluate other options such as slowing loan growth, selling of a decreaseportion of 18 basis points compared to the same period in 2017.

Total fees and other income decreased 16% to $32.1 millionportfolio loans, or originating mortgage loans as held for the three months ended June 30, 2018, compared to $38.0 million for the same period of 2017. This decrease was primarily driven by a 62% decrease in investment management fees due to the divestiture of Anchor, partially offset by a 6% increase in wealth advisory fees due to higher Assets Under Management and Advisory (“AUM”). Total fees and other income represents 36% of total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2018, compared to 40% of total revenue for the same period of 2017.
Total operating expenses decreased 5% to $64.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2018, compared to $67.8 million for the same period of 2017. The decrease was primarily driven by the divestiture of Anchor, which contributed to the 9% decrease in salaries and employee benefits expense, partially offset by a 13% increase in occupancy and equipment expense driven by new leases and the related depreciation of leasehold improvements.sale.
The Company’s Private Banking segment reported net income attributable to the Company of $17.2 million in the second quarterquarters of 2018, compared to netboth 2019 and 2018. Net income attributable to the Company of $20.4 million forremained flat from the same period of 2017. The $3.3 million, or 16%, decrease was primarilyin 2018 largely driven by the second quartera decrease of 2018 provision for loan losses$1.9 million in operating expenses, offset by an increase of $0.5$0.9 million compared to the credit to the provision for loan losses of $6.1 million for the same period of 2017,loss and an increase in total operating expenses of $2.8$0.9 million partially offset by a decrease in income taxes of $5.2 million. The provision expense in the second quarter of 2018 was primarily driven by loan growth, partially offset by a decline in criticized loans and improved loss rates, while the provision credit for the three months ended June 30, 2017 was the net result of net recoveries, decreases in quantitative loss factors, the balance and mix of criticized loans, the mix in the loan portfolio, and loan growth. The increase in total operating expenses for the Private Banking segment was primarily driven by increases in information services, occupancy and equipment, and salaries and employee benefits expenses. The decrease in income taxes was primarily driven by lower pre-tax income and the reduction in the federal corporate tax rate. expense.
The Company’s Wealth Management and Trust segment reported net income attributable to the Company of $0.2$1.0 million in the second quarter of 2018,2019, compared to a net loss attributable to the Company of $0.4$0.2 million for the same period of 2017.2018. The $0.6increase of $0.8 million change was primarily driven by a decrease of $1.6 million in total operating expenses due to realized savings from efficiency initiatives, partially offset by a decrease of $0.9$0.5 million in total revenues due to lower salariesAUM and employee benefits expense as total revenues were flat year-over-year. Fee-based revenuean increase of $0.4 million in the Wealth Management and Trust segment is determined based on average monthly, beginning-of-quarter, or, for a small number of clients, end-of-quarter AUM balances, depending on the custodian. AUM inflows during the second quarter of 2018 were weighted toward the end of the quarter, while AUM outflows were weighted toward the beginning of the quarter. The timing of AUM flows within the quarter, along with the spread between the average basis points earned on the outgoing AUM versus the incoming AUM, lead to the flat revenue trend as compared to the second quarter of 2017.income tax expense. Wealth Management and Trust AUM increased $0.4decreased $0.2 billion, or 5%2%, to $7.6 billion at June 30, 2019 from $7.8 billion at June 30, 2018 from $7.4 billion at June 30, 2017.2018. The increasedecrease in AUM is due to net inflowsoutflows of $0.2$0.4 billion, andpartially offset by positive market action of $0.2 billion for the twelve months endingended June 30, 2018.2019.
OnThe Company completed the sales of its ownership interests in Anchor and BOS on April 13, 2018 the Company completed the saleand December 3, 2018, respectively. The results of its ownership interest in Anchor. Anchor’s resultsAnchor and BOS through their respective closing dates remain consolidated in the Company’s results for the portion of the current period that Anchor was still ownedCompany and alsoits Affiliate Partners segment through their respective closing dates and in prior periods. Results for the remaining period of 2018 after the close of the transaction in April willtransactions do not include Anchor and BOS operations.
The Company’s Investment ManagementAffiliate Partners segment reported net income attributable to the Company of $0.7$2.4 million in the second quarter of 2018,2019, compared to net income attributable to the Company of $1.3$3.3 million for the same period of 2017. The $0.7 million, or 50%, decrease was primarily driven by the impact of the divestiture of Anchor2018. Total revenues, total operating expenses, income tax expense, and noncontrolling interests decreased in the second quarter of 2018, which reduced all revenue and expense categories as compared2019 due to the same perioddivestitures of 2017. Most fee-based revenue in the investment management segment is determined based on beginning-of-periodAnchor and BOS. AUM, balances. Investment Management AUMexcluding BOS, decreased $8.9by $0.5 billion, or 5%, to $2.0$8.6 billion at June 30, 20182019 from $10.9$9.1 billion at June 30, 2017, primarily driven by the impact of the divestiture of Anchor2018. The decrease in the second quarter of 2018, partially offset by positive market action of $0.2 billion and flat net flows for the twelve months ending June 30, 2018.
The Company’s Wealth Advisory segment reported net income attributable to the Company of $2.6 million in the second quarter of 2018, compared to net income attributable to the Company of $1.9 million for the same period of 2017. The $0.7 million, or 35%, increaseAUM was primarily driven by a $0.7 million increasebillion in wealth advisory fee income due to higher levels of AUM and a $0.3 million decrease in income tax expense due to the reduction in the federal corporate tax rate,net outflows, partially offset by a $0.3 million increase in operating expenses due to higher salaries and benefits expense. Fee-based revenue in the Wealth Advisory segment is determined based on either a fixed fee or end-of-quarter AUM balances. Wealth Advisory AUM increased $0.8 billion, or 8%, to $11.6 billion at June 30, 2018 from $10.7 billion at June 30, 2017, primarily due to positivefavorable market actionreturns of $0.8 billion and net inflows of $0.1$0.2 billion for the twelve months endingended June 30, 2018.2019.


Critical Accounting Policies


Critical accounting policies reflect significant judgments and uncertainties, andwhich could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. The Company believes that its most critical accounting policies upon which its financial condition depends, and which involve the most complex or subjective decisions or assessments, are the allowance for loan and lease losses, the valuation of goodwill and intangible assets and the analysis for impairment, and income tax estimates. These policies are discussed in Part II. Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Policies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20172018. There have been no changes to these policies through the filing of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.


Results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 versus June 30, 20172018
Net Income. The Company recorded net income from continuing operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 of $19.4 million and $39.0 million, respectively, compared to $7.4 million and $29.4 million, respectively, compared to $23.5 million and $38.5 million for the same respective periods in 2017.2018. Net income attributable to the Company, which includes income from both continuing and discontinued operations, if any, as well as net income attributable to noncontrolling interests, for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 was $19.4 million and $38.8 million, respectively, compared to $6.4 million and $29.1 million, respectively, compared to $23.4 million and $39.1 million for the same respective periods in 2017.2018.

The Company recorded no net income from discontinued operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 of zero and $1.7 million, respectively,2019, compared to $1.1 million and $2.7$1.7 million for the same respective periodsperiod in 2017.2018, the majority of which was recorded in the first quarter of 2018. The Company received the final payment related to a revenue sharing agreement with Westfield Capital Management Company, LLC (“Westfield”) in the first quarter of 2018. The Company recognized a tax credit in the fourth quarter of 2018, recorded in discontinued operations, relating to an adjustment to deferred taxes in connection with the Westfield revenue share. The Company will not receive additional income from Westfield now that the final payment has been received.
The Company recognized diluted EPS attributable to common shareholders, which includes both continuing and discontinued operations, if any, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 of $0.22 per share and $0.47 per share, respectively, compared to $0.03 per share and $0.30 per share for the same respective periods in 2018. Net income from continuing operations for the three months ended June 30, 2019 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 of $0.03 per share and $0.30 per share, respectively, compared to $0.27 per share and $0.44 per share for the same respective periods in 2017. Net income from continuing operations in both 2018 and 2017 waswere partially offset by charges that reduce income available to common shareholders. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 2: Earnings Per Share” for further detail on these charges to income available to common shareholders.
The following discussions are based on the Company’s continuing operations, unless otherwise stated.
The following table presents selected financial highlights:
 Three months ended June 30, $
Change
 % Change Six months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 
%
Change
 2019 2018   2019 2018  
 (In thousands)
Net interest income$57,460
 $57,545
 (85)  % $115,798
 $114,928
 $870
 1 %
Fees and other income24,380
 32,095
 (7,715) (24)% 49,628
 71,838
 (22,210) (31)%
Total revenue81,840
 89,640
 (7,800) (9)% 165,426
 186,766
 (21,340) (11)%
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses1,363
 453
 910
 nm
 (63) (1,342) 1,279
 (95)%
Operating expense55,659
 64,384
 (8,725) (14)% 116,212
 135,241
 (19,029) (14)%
Income tax expense5,369
 17,399
 (12,030) (69)% 10,286
 23,425
 (13,139) (56)%
Net income from continuing operations19,449
 7,404
 12,045
 nm
 38,991
 29,442
 9,549
 32 %
Net income/ (loss) from discontinued operations
 (2) 2
 nm
 
 1,696
 (1,696) nm
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests69
 968
 (899) (93)% 169
 2,018
 (1,849) (92)%
Net income attributable to the Company$19,380
 $6,434
 $12,946
 nm
 $38,822
 $29,120
 $9,702
 33 %
 Three months ended June 30, $
Change
 % Change Six months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 
%
Change
 2018 2017   2018 2017  
 (In thousands)
Net interest income$57,545
 $57,145
 400
 1 % $114,928
 $110,787
 $4,141
 4 %
Fees and other income32,095
 38,018
 (5,923) (16)% 71,838
 74,524
 (2,686) (4)%
Total revenue89,640
 95,163
 (5,523) (6)% 186,766
 185,311
 1,455
 1 %
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses453
 (6,114) 6,567
 nm
 (1,342) (6,295) 4,953
 (79)%
Operating expense64,384
 67,821
 (3,437) (5)% 135,241
 136,601
 (1,360) (1)%
Income tax expense17,399
 9,963
 7,436
 75 % 23,425
 16,516
 6,909
 42 %
Net income from continuing operations7,404
 23,493
 (16,089) (68)% 29,442
 38,489
 (9,047) (24)%
Net income/ (loss) from discontinued operations(2) 1,063
 (1,065) nm
 1,696
 2,695
 (999) (37)%
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests968
 1,150
 (182) (16)% 2,018
 2,116
 (98) (5)%
Net income attributable to the Company$6,434
 $23,406
 (16,972) (73)% $29,120
 $39,068
 $(9,948) (25)%
_________________________________________
nm = not meaningful

Net interest income. Net interest income represents the difference between interest earned, primarily on loans and investments, and interest paid on funding sources, primarily deposits and borrowings. Interest rate spread is the difference between the average rate earned on total interest-earning assets and the average rate paid on total interest-bearing liabilities. NIM is the amount of net interest income on a FTE basis, expressed as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The average rate earned on interest-earning assets is the amount of annualized taxable equivalent interest income expressed as a percentage of average interest-earning assets. The average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities is equal to annualized interest expense as a percentage of average interest-bearing liabilities. When credit quality declines and loans are placed on nonaccrual status, NIM can decrease because the same assets are earning less income. Loans graded as substandard but still accruing interest income totaled $45.5$53.9 million at June 30, 20182019 and could be placed on nonaccrual status if their credit quality declines further.

Net interest income for the three months ended June 30, 20182019 was $57.5 million, remaining flat compared to the same period in 2018. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, net interest income was $115.8 million, an increase of $0.4$0.9 million, or 1%, compared to the same period in 2017. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, net interest income was $114.9 million, an increase of $4.1 million, or 4%, compared to the same period in 2017.2018. The increase for the three and six months is primarily driven by higher yields and volumes on interest-earning assets, higher loan volumes, and lower deposit volumes,loans, partially offset by higher rates paidfunding costs as a result of increased reliance on depositsborrowings and borrowings, higher borrowing volume, and decreased volume of cash and investments.deposit rates. The NIM was 2.89%2.78% for the three months ended June 30, 2018,2019, a decrease of 18seven basis points compared to the same period in 2017.2018. For the six months ended June 30, 2018,2019, the NIM was 2.92%2.84%, a decrease of 8three basis points compared to the same period in 2017. Due2018. The decrease in NIM for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2019 is also primarily driven by higher funding costs, partially offset by higher asset yields.
Previously, the Company reported NIM on both a GAAP basis and on a fully taxable equivalent ("FTE") basis to enhance comparability. Currently, the FTE adjustment for interest income on non-taxable investments and loans is immaterial due to the lowerdecline in the federal tax rate in 2018 and the recent increases in interest expense. Therefore, FTE adjustment has a lower impact on the interest gross-upnot been applied, and for NIM purposes. The estimated impact on NIM due to the lower tax rate in 2018 is 10 basis points.comparison purposes GAAP amounts are shown for all periods presented.
The following tables presenttable presents the composition of the Company’s NIM on a FTE basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 2017; however, the discussion following these tables reflects non-FTE data.2018.

Average Balance Interest Income/Expense Average Yield/RateAverage Balance Interest Income/Expense Average Yield/Rate
As of and for the three months ended June 30,As of and for the three months ended June 30,
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET:2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018
AVERAGE ASSETS(In thousands)    (In thousands)    
Interest-earning assets:                      
Cash and investments: (1)                      
Taxable investment securities$326,482
 $363,166
 $1,501
 $1,592
 1.84% 1.75%$227,029
 $326,482
 $1,121
 $1,501
 1.98% 1.84%
Non-taxable investment securities (2)297,852
 294,836
 2,217
 2,546
 2.98% 3.45%304,309
 297,852
 1,901
 1,752
 2.50% 2.35%
Mortgage-backed securities570,845
 653,201
 3,049
 3,495
 2.14% 2.14%508,033
 570,845
 2,706
 3,049
 2.13% 2.14%
Short-term investments and other157,878
 199,230
 1,205
 831
 3.03% 1.66%130,363
 157,878
 1,057
 1,205
 3.23% 3.03%
Total cash and investments1,353,057
 1,510,433
 7,972
 8,464
 2.35% 2.24%1,169,734
 1,353,057
 6,785
 7,507
 2.32% 2.22%
Loans: (3)(2)                      
Commercial and industrial (2)974,443
 987,144
 9,439
 9,773
 3.83% 3.92%1,091,903
 974,443
 11,170
 9,201
 4.05% 3.74%
Commercial real estate (2)2,477,634
 2,358,409
 27,550
 26,433
 4.40% 4.43%2,506,637
 2,477,634
 29,953
 27,387
 4.73% 4.37%
Construction and land (2)166,736
 119,366
 2,040
 1,377
 4.84% 4.56%202,609
 166,736
 2,559
 2,011
 5.00% 4.77%
Residential2,775,239
 2,489,072
 22,590
 19,574
 3.26% 3.15%3,008,753
 2,775,239
 25,735
 22,590
 3.42% 3.26%
Home equity94,445
 109,942
 1,041
 1,085
 4.42% 3.96%91,384
 94,445
 1,146
 1,041
 5.03% 4.42%
Other consumer179,684
 195,384
 1,818
 1,526
 4.06% 3.13%124,778
 179,684
 1,380
 1,818
 4.43% 4.06%
Total loans6,668,181
 6,259,317
 64,478
 59,768
 3.84% 3.79%7,026,064
 6,668,181
 71,943
 64,048
 4.07% 3.82%
Total earning assets8,021,238
 7,769,750
 72,450
 68,232
 3.59% 3.49%8,195,798
 8,021,238
 78,728
 71,555
 3.82% 3.55%
LESS: Allowance for loan losses72,998
 80,614
        73,856
 72,998
        
Cash and due from banks (non-interest bearing)45,337
 42,166
        45,705
 45,337
        
Other assets396,744
 450,703
        511,859
 396,744
        
TOTAL AVERAGE ASSETS$8,390,321
 $8,182,005
        $8,679,506
 $8,390,321
        
AVERAGE LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS, AND
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
           AVERAGE LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS, AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Interest-bearing liabilities:                      
Interest-bearing deposits:                      
Savings and NOW$719,159
 $711,883
 $304
 $187
 0.17% 0.11%$684,507
 $719,159
 $276
 $304
 0.16% 0.17%
Money market3,033,306
 3,173,768
 5,543
 3,244
 0.73% 0.41%3,226,569
 3,033,306
 10,476
 5,543
 1.30% 0.73%
Certificates of deposit688,567
 665,668
 2,518
 1,518
 1.47% 0.91%752,500
 688,567
 3,763
 2,518
 2.01% 1.47%
Total interest-bearing deposits4,441,032
 4,551,319
 8,365
 4,949
 0.76% 0.44%4,663,576
 4,441,032
 14,515
 8,365
 1.25% 0.76%
Junior subordinated debentures106,363
 106,363
 1,008
 716
 3.75% 2.67%106,363
 106,363
 1,080
 1,008
 4.02% 3.75%
FHLB borrowings and other1,022,636
 703,149
 4,637
 2,499
 1.79% 1.41%952,645
 1,022,636
 5,673
 4,637
 2.36% 1.79%
Total interest-bearing liabilities5,570,031
 5,360,831
 14,010
 8,164
 1.00% 0.61%5,722,584
 5,570,031
 21,268
 14,010
 1.48% 1.00%
Non-interest bearing demand deposits1,908,037
 1,899,916
        1,926,591
 1,908,037
        
Payables and other liabilities122,175
 106,657
        238,544
 122,175
        
Total average liabilities7,600,243
 7,367,404
        7,887,719
 7,600,243
        
Redeemable noncontrolling interests14,129
 21,075
        943
 14,129
        
Average shareholders’ equity775,949
 793,526
        790,844
 775,949
        
TOTAL AVERAGE LIABILITIES,
REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING
INTERESTS, AND SHAREHOLDERS’
EQUITY
$8,390,321
 $8,182,005
        $8,679,506
 $8,390,321
        
Net interest income - on a fully taxable equivalent basis (FTE)    $58,440
 $60,068
    
LESS: FTE adjustment (2)    895
 2,923
    
Net interest income (GAAP basis)    $57,545
 $57,145
    
Net interest income    $57,460
 $57,545
    
Interest rate spread        2.59% 2.88%        2.34% 2.55%
Net interest margin        2.89% 3.07%        2.78% 2.85%

 Average Balance Interest Income/Expense Average Yield/Rate
 As of and for the six months ended June 30,
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET:2018 2017 2018 2017 2018 2017
AVERAGE ASSETS(In thousands)    
Interest-earning assets:           
Cash and investments: (1)           
Taxable investment securities$330,220
 $379,164
 $3,011
 $3,262
 1.83% 1.72%
Non-taxable investment securities (2)297,407
 294,925
 4,407
 5,017
 2.96% 3.40%
Mortgage-backed securities579,604
 662,888
 6,227
 6,999
 2.15% 2.11%
Short-term investments and other158,853
 179,901
 2,214
 1,431
 2.78% 1.10%
Total cash and investments1,366,084
 1,516,878
 15,859
 16,709
 2.32% 2.15%
Loans: (3)           
Commercial and industrial (2)953,940
 985,430
 18,195
 19,076
 3.79% 3.85%
Commercial real estate (2)2,459,525
 2,341,482
 53,891
 49,977
 4.36% 4.25%
Construction and land (2)168,052
 116,679
 4,005
 2,621
 4.74% 4.47%
Residential2,738,980
 2,457,100
 44,356
 38,565
 3.24% 3.14%
Home equity95,810
 113,801
 2,083
 2,174
 4.39% 3.85%
Other consumer182,623
 193,769
 3,391
 2,946
 3.74% 3.07%
Total loans6,598,930
 6,208,261
 125,921
 115,359
 3.81% 3.70%
Total earning assets7,965,014
 7,725,139
 141,780
 132,068
 3.55% 3.40%
LESS: Allowance for loan losses73,911
 79,375
        
Cash and due from banks (non-interest bearing)48,725
 41,929
        
Other assets408,810
 426,349
        
TOTAL AVERAGE ASSETS$8,348,638
 $8,114,042
        
AVERAGE LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS, AND
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
           
Interest-bearing liabilities:           
Interest-bearing deposits:           
Savings and NOW$718,051
 $682,126
 $519
 $316
 0.15% 0.09%
Money market3,086,710
 3,193,336
 9,857
 6,365
 0.64% 0.40%
Certificates of deposit672,736
 627,993
 4,513
 2,799
 1.35% 0.90%
Total interest-bearing deposits4,477,497
 4,503,455
 14,889
 9,480
 0.67% 0.42%
Junior subordinated debentures106,363
 106,363
 1,854
 1,387
 3.52% 2.59%
FHLB borrowings and other950,763
 714,998
 8,240
 4,671
 1.72% 1.30%
Total interest-bearing liabilities5,534,623
 5,324,816
 24,983
 15,538
 0.91% 0.59%
Non-interest bearing demand deposits1,890,184
 1,871,924
        
Payables and other liabilities126,601
 112,157
        
Total average liabilities7,551,408
 7,308,897
        
Redeemable noncontrolling interests17,644
 21,208
        
Average shareholders’ equity779,586
 783,937
        
TOTAL AVERAGE LIABILITIES,
REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING
INTERESTS, AND SHAREHOLDERS’
EQUITY
$8,348,638
 $8,114,042
        
Net interest income - on a fully taxable equivalent basis (FTE)    $116,797
 $116,530
    
LESS: FTE adjustment (2)    1,869
 5,743
    
Net interest income (GAAP basis)    $114,928
 $110,787
    
Interest rate spread        2.64% 2.81%
Net interest margin        2.92% 3.00%


______________________________________
(1)Investments classified as available-for-sale and held-to-maturity are shown in the average balance sheet at amortized cost.
(2)Interest income on non-taxable investmentsIncludes loans held for sale and loans is presented on a FTE basis using statutory rates. The discussion following these tables reflects non-FTE data.nonaccrual loans.


 Average Balance Interest Income/Expense Average Yield/Rate
 As of and for the six months ended June 30,
AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET:2019 2018 2019 2018 2019 2018
AVERAGE ASSETS(In thousands)    
Interest-earning assets:           
Cash and investments: (1)           
Taxable investment securities$235,218
 $330,220
 $2,306
 $3,011
 1.92% 1.83%
Non-taxable investment securities305,581
 297,407
 3,802
 3,482
 2.49% 2.34%
Mortgage-backed securities514,872
 579,604
 5,603
 6,227
 2.18% 2.15%
Short-term investments and other105,610
 158,853
 1,965
 2,214
 3.61% 2.78%
Total cash and investments1,161,281
 1,366,084
 13,676
 14,934
 2.34% 2.19%
Loans: (2)           
Commercial and industrial1,081,092
 953,940
 22,150
 17,661
 4.08% 3.68%
Commercial real estate2,452,824
 2,459,525
 58,104
 53,538
 4.71% 4.33%
Construction and land206,956
 168,052
 5,200
 3,948
 5.00% 4.67%
Residential2,990,948
 2,738,980
 51,280
 44,356
 3.43% 3.24%
Home equity91,017
 95,810
 2,267
 2,083
 5.02% 4.39%
Other consumer129,332
 182,623
 2,875
 3,391
 4.48% 3.74%
Total loans6,952,169
 6,598,930
 141,876
 124,977
 4.07% 3.78%
Total earning assets8,113,450
 7,965,014
 155,552
 139,911
 3.82% 3.50%
LESS: Allowance for loan losses74,692
 73,911
        
Cash and due from banks (non-interest bearing)46,010
 48,725
        
Other assets502,068
 408,810
        
TOTAL AVERAGE ASSETS$8,586,836
 $8,348,638
        
AVERAGE LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS, AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Interest-bearing liabilities:           
Interest-bearing deposits:           
Savings and NOW$679,716
 $718,051
 $572
 $519
 0.17% 0.15%
Money market3,283,891
 3,086,710
 20,549
 9,857
 1.26% 0.64%
Certificates of deposit764,094
 672,736
 7,452
 4,513
 1.97% 1.35%
Total interest-bearing deposits4,727,701
 4,477,497
 28,573
 14,889
 1.22% 0.67%
Junior subordinated debentures106,363
 106,363
 2,201
 1,854
 4.17% 3.52%
FHLB borrowings and other785,245
 950,763
 8,980
 8,240
 2.27% 1.72%
Total interest-bearing liabilities5,619,309
 5,534,623
 39,754
 24,983
 1.42% 0.91%
Non-interest bearing demand deposits1,950,088
 1,890,184
        
Payables and other liabilities236,894
 126,601
        
Total average liabilities7,806,291
 7,551,408
        
Redeemable noncontrolling interests1,619
 17,644
        
Average shareholders’ equity778,926
 779,586
        
TOTAL AVERAGE LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS, AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY$8,586,836
 $8,348,638
        
Net interest income    $115,798
 $114,928
    
Interest rate spread        2.40% 2.59%
Net interest margin        2.84% 2.87%
__________________
(1)Investments classified as available-for-sale and held-to-maturity are shown in the average balance sheet at amortized cost.
(3)(2)Includes loans held for sale and nonaccrual loans.


Interest and dividend income. Total interest and dividend income for the three months ended June 30, 20182019was $71.6$78.7 million, an increase of $6.2$7.2 million, or 10%, compared to the same period in 2017.2018. Interest and dividend income for the six months ended June 30, 20182019 was $139.9$155.6 million, an increase of $13.6$15.6 million, or 11%, compared to the same period in 2017.2018. The increase for the three and six months wasis primarily driven by interest earnedhigher yields and volumes on loans, specifically residential, commercial real estate, commercial and industrial, and construction and land loans.partially offset by lower investment security volumes.
The Bank generally has interest incomerelated to nonaccrual loans that is either collected or reversed related to nonaccrual loans each quarter. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual, the interest income previously accrued but uncollected, is reversed which will have a negative effect on the related yield. Interest collected on loans while on nonaccrual status is generally applied to the principal balance. If a nonaccruing loan pays off, previously collected interest income that was applied to principal may be recorded as interest income if the principal balance was paid in full. Based on the net amount collected or reversed, the impact on interest income and related yields can be either positive or negative. In addition, the Bank collects prepayment penalties on certain commercial loans that pay off prior to maturity which could also impact interest income and related yields positively. The amount and timing of prepayment penalties varies from quarter to quarter.
Interest income on commercial and industrial loans on a non-FTE basis, for the three months ended June 30, 20182019was $9.2$11.2 million, an increase of $0.7$2.0 million, or 9%21%, compared to the same period in 2017. This increase was2018. as a result of a 3512% increase in the average balance and a 31 basis point increase in the average yield on a non-FTE basis, partially offset by a 1% decrease in the average balance.yield. For the six months ended June 30, 2018,2019, commercial and industrial interest income was $17.7$22.2 million, an increase of $1.2$4.5 million, or 7%25%, compared to the same period in 2017,2018, as a result of a 2813% increase in the average balance and a 39 basis point increase in the average yield on a non-FTE basis, partially offset by a 3% decreaseyield. The increases in the average balance.balance for the three and six month periods are related to growth across all regions in which the Bank operates. The increaseincreases in the average yield for the three and six month periods isare the result of market conditions andincreases in interest rates, specifically increases to the fluctuations in the indiciesinterest rate benchmarks to which the variable rate loans are tied. The decrease in the average balance for the three and six month periods is related to a small number of large paydowns during the previous quarter and increased competition.
Interest income on commercial real estate loans on a non-FTE basis, for the three months ended June 30, 20182019 was $27.4$30.0 million, an increase of $1.7$2.6 million, or 7%9%, compared to the same period in 2017,2018, as a result of a six36 basis point increase in the average yield on a non-FTE basis and a 5%1% increase in the average balance. For the six months ended June 30, 2018,2019, commercial real estate interest income was $53.5$58.1 million, an increase of $5.0$4.6 million, or 10%9%, compared to the same period in 2017,2018, as a result of a 5%38 basis point increase in the average yield and the average balance remaining flat. The increases in the average yield for the three and six month periods are primarily driven by increases in interest rates, specifically increases to the interest rate benchmarks to which the variable rate loans are tied. The 1% increase in the average balance for the three month period is primarily driven by the San Francisco Bay Area market. The Company has intentionally allowed certain loans to run-off in the commercial real estate loan portfolio in Southern California to decrease exposure to retail loans.
Interest income on construction and land loans for the three months ended June 30, 2019 was $2.6 million, an increase of $0.5 million, or 27%, compared to the same period in 2018, as a result of a 22% increase in the average balance and a two23 basis point increase in the average yield onyield. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, construction and land interest income was $5.2 million, an increase of $1.3 million, or 32%, compared to the same period in 2018, as a non-FTE basis. Theresult of a 23% increase in the average balance and a 33 basis point increase in the average yield. The overall yields on construction and land loans fluctuate due to the short-term nature of the loans and the related impact of draws and payoffs. Due to the relatively low balances in construction and land loans, a large draw- or pay-down can result in a significant change in the overall yield depending on the interest rate of the particular loans that caused the balance changes. The increases in the average balance for the three and six month periods is related toare driven primarily by increased demand, particularlyutilization of existing loans in New England, partially offset by decreases in Southern California and the San Francisco Bay Area. The increase in the average yield for the three and six month periodsmonths is primarily driven by increases to the interest rate benchmarks to which the variable rate loans are tied, partially offset by increased competition in the regions in which the Bank operates. Additionally, certain loans have interest rate floors and the rate may not increase with the benchmark rate until the benchmark rate exceeds the floor.
Interest income on construction and land loans, on a non-FTE basis, for the three months ended June 30, 2018 was $2.0 million, an increase of $0.6 million, or 46%, compared to the same period in 2017, as a result of a 21 basis point increase in the average yield on a non-FTE basis and a 40% increase in the average balance. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, construction and land interest income was $3.9 million, an increase of $1.3 million, or 51%, compared to the same period in 2017, as a result of an 11 basis point increase in the average yield on a non-FTE basis and a 44% increase in the average balance. The increase in the average yield for the three and six month periods is primarily driven by increases to the interest rate benchmarks to which the variable rate loans are tied. The increase in the average balance for the three and six month periods is related to cyclical customer demand across all regions.
Interest income on residential mortgage loans for the three months ended June 30, 20182019 was $22.6$25.7 million, an increase of $3.0$3.1 million, or 15%14%, from the same period in 2018, as a result of an 8% increase in the average balance and a 16 basis point increase in the average yield. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, residential mortgage interest income was $51.3 million, an increase of $6.9 million, or 16%, compared to the same period in 2017,2018, as a result of an 11a 9% increase in the average balance and a 19 basis point increase in the average yield and a 11% increase in the average balance. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, residential mortgage interest income was $44.4 million, an increase of $5.8 million, or 15%, compared to the same period in 2017, as a result of a 10 basis point increase in the average yield and an 11% increase in the average balance.yield. The increaseincreases in the average balance for the three and six month periods isare related to the organic growth of the residential loan portfolio atacross all regions in which the Bank as customers are entering into new residential mortgage loans as rates continue to rise.operates. The increaseincreases in the average yield for the three and six month periods isare related to higher yields on residential mortgage originations and adjustable rate mortgage (“ARM”) loans repricing at higher rates with recent hikes indue to increases to the Federal Reserve interest rates.rate benchmarks to which the loans are tied.
Interest income on home equity loans for the three months ended June 30, 20182019 was $1.0$1.1 million, a decreasean increase of 4%10% compared to the same period in 2017,2018, as a result of a 61 basis point increase in the average yield, partially offset by a 3% decrease in the average balance. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, home equity interest income was $2.3 million, an increase of 9% compared to the same period in 2018, as a result of a 63 basis point increase in the average yield, partially offset

by a 5% decrease in the average balance. The increases in the average yield for the three and six month periods are the result of increases in benchmark interest rates, while the decreases in the average balance for the three and six month periods are primarily driven by reduced demand.
Interest income on other consumer loans for the three months ended June 30, 2019 was $1.4 million, a decrease of $0.4 million, or 24%, compared to the same period in 2018, as a result of a 31% decrease in the average balance, partially offset by a 37 basis point increase in the average yield. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, other consumer interest income was $2.9 million, a decrease of $0.5 million, or 15%, compared to the same period in 2018, as a result of a 29% decrease in the average balance, partially offset by a 74 basis point increase in the average yield. The decreases in the average balance for the three and six month periods are primarily driven by reduced demand, while the increases in the average yield for the three and six month periods are the result of increases in interest rate benchmarks to which loans are tied.
Investment income for the three months ended June 30, 2019 was $6.8 million, a decrease of $0.7 million, or 10%, from the same period in 2018, as a result of a 14% decrease in the average balance, partially offset by a 4610 basis point

increase in the average yield. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, home equity interest2019, investment income was $2.1$13.7 million, a decrease of 4%$1.3 million, or 8%, compared to the same period in 2017,2018, as a result of a 16%15% decrease in the average balance, partially offset by a 5415 basis point increase in the average yield. The decreasedecreases in the average balance for the three and six month periods isare primarily driven by reduced demand as a result of the recent increases in interest rates. The increase in the average yield for the three and six month period is also the result of increases in benchmark interest rates.
Interest income on other consumer loans for the three months ended June 30, 2018 was $1.8 million, an increase of $0.3 million, or 19%, compareddue to the same period in 2017, as a result of a 93 basis point increase in the average yield, partially offset by a 8% decrease in the average balance. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, other consumer interest income was $3.4 million, an increase of $0.4 million, or 15%, comparedproceeds from maturing investment securities being utilized to the same period in 2017, as a result of a 67 basis point increase in the average yield, partially offset by a 6% decrease in the average balance.pay down higher cost borrowings and to fund loan generation. The increaseincreases in the average yield for the three and six month periods is the result of increases in benchmark interest rates. The decrease in the average balance for the three and six month periods is alsoare primarily driven by reduced demand as a result of thedue to recent increases inpurchases made at higher interest rates.
Investment income, on a non-FTE basis, for the three months ended June 30, 2018 was $7.5 million, a decrease of $0.1 million, or 1%, from the same period in 2017, as a result of a 10% decrease in the average balance, partially offset by a 22 basis point increase in the average yield on a non-FTE basis. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, investment income was $14.9 million, flat compared to the same period in 2017, as a result of a 10% decrease in the average balance, partially offset by an 18 basis point increase in the average yield on a non-FTE basis. The increase in the average yield for the three and six month periods is primarily due to dividends from the Federal Reserve Bank (“FRB”), of which the Bank became a member in the third quarter of 2017, and the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston (“FHLB”), as well as increases in the federal discount rate. The decrease in the average balance for the three and six month periods is primarily due to timing and volume of deposit and borrowing balances as compared to the level of loans outstanding. As investment securities matured, the Company has utilized the cash proceeds to support loan growth.
Interest expense. Total interest expense for the three months ended June 30, 20182019 was $14.0$21.3 million, an increase of $5.8$7.3 million, or 72%52%, compared to the same period in 2017.2018. For the six months ended June 30, 2018,2019, total interest expense was $25.0$39.8 million, an increase of $9.4$14.8 million, or 61%59%, compared to the same period in 2017.2018. The increases for the three and six month periods are primarily driven by the impact of higher interest rates on interest-bearing deposits and borrowings, and increases in the volume of interest-bearing deposits.
Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits for the three months ended June 30, 20182019 was $8.4$14.5 million, an increase of $3.4$6.2 million, or 69%74%, compared to the same period in 2017,2018, as a result of a 3249 basis point increase in the average rate paid partially offset byand a 2% decrease5% increase in the average balance. For the six months ended June 30, 2018,2019, interest expense on interest-bearing deposits was $14.9$28.6 million, an increase of $5.4$13.7 million, or 57%92%, compared to the same period in 2017,2018, as a result of a 2555 basis point increase in the average rate paid partially offset byand a 1% decrease6% increase in the average balance. The increaseincreases for the three and six month periods in the average rate paid on deposits isare driven primarily by increases in the rates paid for certificates of deposit and money market demand accounts as benchmark interest rates have increased. The decreaseincreases for the three and six month periods in the average balance for interest-bearing deposits wasare primarily driven by increased competition for deposit market share.corporate client balances across all regions.
Interest paid on non-deposit interest-bearing liabilities for the three months ended June 30, 20182019 was $5.6$6.8 million, an increase of $2.4$1.1 million, or 76%20%, compared to the same period in 2017,2018, as a result of a 38 basis point increase in the average rate paid on FHLB borrowings and other borrowings, a 45% increase in the average balance of FHLB borrowings and other borrowings, and a 108 basis point increase in the average rate paid on junior subordinated debentures. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, interest paid on non-deposit interest-bearing liabilities was $10.1 million, an increase of $4.0 million, or 67%, compared to the same period in 2017, as a result of a 33% increase in the average balance of FHLB borrowings and other borrowings, a 4257 basis point increase in the average rate paid on FHLB borrowings and other borrowings and a 9327 basis point increase in the average rate paid on junior subordinated debentures, partially offset by a 7% decrease in the average balance of FHLB borrowings and other borrowings. For the six months ended June 30, 2019, interest paid on non-deposit interest-bearing liabilities was $11.2 million, an increase of $1.1 million, or 11%, compared to the same period in 2018, as a result of a 55 basis point increase in the average rate paid on FHLB borrowings and other borrowings, partially offset by a 17% decrease in the average balance of FHLB borrowings and other borrowings, and a 65 basis point increase in the average rate paid on junior subordinated debentures. The increases for the three and six month periods in the average rate paid on non-deposit interest-bearing liabilities isare primarily driven by the increases in benchmark interest rates.rates to which the instruments are tied. The increasedecreases for the three and six month periods in the average balance for non-deposit interest-bearing deposits wasare primarily driven by increaseddecreased FHLB borrowings used to fund additional loan growth due to decreasing deposits over the same period.borrowings.
Provision/ (credit) for loan losses. The Company recorded a provision for loan losses of $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2019, compared to a provision for loan losses of $0.5 million for the threesame period in 2018. For the six months ended June 30, 2018,2019, the Company recorded a credit to the provision for loan losses of $0.1 million, compared to a credit to the provision for loan losses of $6.1$1.3 million for the same period in 2017. For the six months ended June 30, 2018, the provision/ (credit)2018. The provision for loan losses was a credit of $1.3 million, compared to a credit of $6.3 million for the same period in 2017. The provision in the second quarter of 20182019 was primarily driven by an increase in loan growth,balances and an increase in criticized & classified loans, partially offset by a decline in criticized loans and improved loss rates.
The provision/ (credit) for loan losses is determined as a result of the required level of the allowance for loan losses, estimated by management, which reflects the inherent risk of loss in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet dates. The CompanyBank incorporates both quantitative and qualitative loss factors to determine the appropriate level of the allowance for loan

losses. Quantitative loss factors are based on historical net charge-offs by loan portfolio. Qualitative factors are estimated by

management and include trends in problem loans, economic and business conditions, strength of management, real estate collateral values, and underwriting standards. For further details, see “Loan Portfolio and Credit Quality” below.

Fees and other income
Three months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 % Change Six months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 
%
Change
Three months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 % Change Six months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 
%
Change
2018 2017 2018 2017 2019 2018 2019 2018 
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Investment management fees$4,227
 $11,081
 $(6,854) (62)% $15,652
 $21,920
 $(6,268) (29)%$2,455
 $4,227
 $(1,772) (42)% $5,105
 $15,652
 $(10,547) (67)%
Wealth advisory fees13,693
 12,961
 732
 6 % 27,205
 25,784
 1,421
 6 %8,141
 13,693
 (5,552) (41)% 16,306
 27,205
 (10,899) (40)%
Wealth management and trust fees11,169
 11,161
 8
  % 23,320
 21,987
 1,333
 6 %10,771
 11,169
 (398) (4)% 21,664
 23,320
 (1,656) (7)%
Other banking fee income2,745
 1,964
 781
 40 % 5,018
 3,658
 1,360
 37 %2,867
 2,745
 122
 4 % 5,366
 5,018
 348
 7 %
Gain on sale of loans, net63
 59
 4
 7 % 137
 197
 (60) (30)%58
 63
 (5) (8)% 131
 137
 (6) (4)%
Total core fees and income31,897
 37,226
 (5,329) (14)% 71,332
 73,546
 (2,214) (3)%24,292
 31,897
 (7,605) (24)% 48,572
 71,332
 (22,760) (32)%
Total other income198
 792
 (594) (75)% 506
 978
 (472) (48)%88
 198
 (110) (56)% 1,056
 506
 550
 nm
Total fees and other income$32,095
 $38,018
 $(5,923) (16)% $71,838
 $74,524
 $(2,686) (4)%$24,380
 $32,095
 $(7,715) (24)% $49,628
 $71,838
 $(22,210) (31)%
_____________________
nm = not meaningful
Total fees and other income for the three months ended June 30, 20182019 decreased $5.9$7.7 million, or 16%24%, compared to the same period in 2017.2018. Total fees and other income for the six months ended June 30, 2019 decreased $22.2 million, or 31%, compared to the same period in 2018. The decreases for the three and six month periods in total fees and other income are primarily driven by the decreases in wealth advisory fees and investment management fees as a result of the divestiture of BOS in the fourth quarter of 2018, decreased $2.7and the divestiture of Anchor in the second quarter of 2018.
AUM managed or advised by the Affiliate Partners was $8.6 billion at June 30, 2019, a decrease of $5.0 billion, compared to June 30, 2018. The decrease is primarily driven by the impact of the divestiture of BOS in 2018, and net outflows of $0.7 billion, partially offset by favorable market returns of $0.2 billion for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019.
AUM managed or advised by Boston Private Wealth was $7.6 billion at June 30, 2019, a decrease of $0.2 billion, or 2%, compared to June 30, 2018. The decrease is primarily driven by net outflows of $0.4 billion, partially offset by favorable market returns of $0.2 billion for the twelve months ended June 30, 2019.
Other banking fee income for the three months ended June 30, 2019 increased $0.1 million, or 4%, compared to the same period in 2017.2018. Other banking fee income for the six months ended June 30, 2019 increased $0.3 million, or 7%, compared to the same period in 2018. The decrease in total fees and other incomeincreases for the three and six month periods isare primarily driven by the decrease in investment management fees as a result of the divestiture of Anchor in April 2018, partially offset by increased wealth advisory fees due to higher levels of AUM and increased other banking fee income driven by higher swap fees.
AUM managed or advised by the Investment Managers was $2.0 billion at June 30, 2018, a decrease of $8.9 billion, compared to 2017. The decrease was primarily driven by the impact of the divestiture of Anchor in the second quarter of 2018, which managed $9.0 billion of AUM as of March 31, 2018, partially offset by positive market action of $0.2 billion and flat net flows for the twelve months ending June 30, 2018.
AUM managed or advised by the Wealth Advisors was $11.6 billion at June 30, 2018, an increase of $0.8 billion, or 8%, compared to June 30, 2017. The increase in AUM was primarily driven by positive market action of $0.8 billion and net inflows of $0.1 billion for the twelve months ending June 30, 2018.
AUM managed or advised by Boston Private Wealth was $7.8 billion at June 30, 2018, an increase of $0.4 billion, or 5%, compared to June 30, 2017. The increase is primarily driven by net inflows of $0.2 billion and positive market action of $0.2 billion for the twelve months ending June 30, 2018. AUM inflows during the second quarter of 2018 were weighted toward the end of the quarter, while AUM outflows were weighted toward the beginning of the quarter. The timing of AUM flows within the quarter, along with the spread between the average basis points earned on the outgoing AUM versus the incoming AUM, lead to the flat revenue trend as compared to the second quarter of 2017.
Other banking fee income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 increased compared to the same periods in 2017. The increase was due to an increaseincreases in swap fee income reflecting higher client demand for loan swap agreements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 as well as an increase in Bank Owned Life Insurance (“BOLI”) income for the six months ended June 30, 2018 due to an additional purchase of BOLI in 2017.agreements.


Operating Expense
Three months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 % Change Six months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 
%
Change
Three months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 % Change Six months ended June 30, 
$
Change
 
%
Change
2018 2017 2018 2017 2019 2018 2019 2018 
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Salaries and employee benefits$39,433
 $43,312
 $(3,879) (9)% $86,517
 $88,977
 $(2,460) (3)%$32,706
 $39,433
 $(6,727) (17)% $68,432
 $86,517
 $(18,085) (21)%
Occupancy and equipment8,229
 7,283
 946
 13 % 15,977
 14,468
 1,509
 10 %7,852
 8,229
 (377) (5)% 16,200
 15,977
 223
 1 %
Professional services2,872
 3,106
 (234) (8)% 6,049
 6,420
 (371) (6)%3,313
 2,872
 441
 15 % 6,873
 6,049
 824
 14 %
Marketing and business development2,070
 1,971
 99
 5 % 3,663
 3,631
 32
 1 %1,934
 2,070
 (136) (7)% 3,019
 3,663
 (644) (18)%
Information systems6,770
 5,500
 1,270
 23 % 12,656
 10,879
 1,777
 16 %5,137
 6,770
 (1,633) (24)% 10,997
 12,656
 (1,659) (13)%
Amortization of intangibles749
 1,426
 (677) (47)% 1,499
 2,852
 (1,353) (47)%672
 749
 (77) (10)% 1,344
 1,499
 (155) (10)%
FDIC insurance708
 879
 (171) (19)% 1,452
 1,645
 (193) (12)%585
 708
 (123) (17)% 1,245
 1,452
 (207) (14)%
Restructuring
 
 
 nm
 1,646
 
 1,646
 nm
Other3,553
 4,344
 (791) (18)% 7,428
 7,729
 (301) (4)%3,460
 3,553
 (93) (3)% 6,456
 7,428
 (972) (13)%
Total operating expense$64,384
 $67,821
 $(3,437) (5)% $135,241
 $136,601
 $(1,360) (1)%$55,659
 $64,384
 $(8,725) (14)% $116,212
 $135,241
 $(19,029) (14)%

_____________________
nm = not meaningful
Total operating expense for the three months ended June 30, 20182019 decreased $3.4$8.7 million, or 5%14%, compared to the same period in 2017, primarily due to the divestiture of Anchor, as well as a decrease in other expense, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance,2018 and salaries and employee benefits expense, partially offset by increases in information systems, occupancy and equipment, and marketing and business development expense. Totaltotal operating expense for the six months ended June 30, 20182019 decreased $1.4$19.0 million, or 1%14%, compared to the same period in 2017,2018, primarily due to the divestituredivestitures of Anchor as well as a decrease in other expense and professional services,BOS, and the impact of efficiency initiatives, partially offset by increases in information systems, occupancy and equipment, and salaries and employee benefitsa restructuring expense.
Salaries and employee benefits expense decreased for the largest componentthree and six months ended June 30, 2019 compared to the same periods of operating2018, primarily due to the divestitures of Anchor and BOS in the second and fourth quarters of 2018, respectively. The Company also realized further cost savings as a result of a previously announced efficiency program.
Professional services expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 decreased2019 increased compared to the same periods in 2017,2018, primarily due to the divestiture of Anchor. The impact of the divestiture of Anchor wasinformation technology consulting costs, partially offset by an increase in salariesthe divestitures of Anchor and bonuses for the remainder of the Company, excluding Anchor.BOS.
OccupancyMarketing and equipmentbusiness development expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 increased2019 decreased compared to the same periods in 2017,2018, primarily due to lease renewalsdriven by the divestitures of Anchor and BOS as well as the related depreciationtiming of leasehold improvements.general Company strategy and marketing campaigns.
Information systems expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2018 increased2019 decreased compared to the same periods in 2017,2018, primarily due to an increasethe divestitures of Anchor and BOS as well as realized savings from telecommunication services and data processing contract renegotiations.
Restructuring expense increased for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019, compared to the same periods in technology service agreements, telecommunications and telephone expenses.
In 2017,2018, as the Bank began working on an initiativeCompany incurred a restructuring charge of $1.6 million due to upgrade its information technology. This initiative required the Bank to hire additional employees with expertise in information technology. Recruiters were generally usedseverance of executives in the placementfirst quarter of these professionals. The Bank has utilized consultants and temporary employees to assist with2019.
Other expense for the initiative in additionsix months ended June 30, 2019 decreased compared to the new hires. Generally the expendituressame period in the preliminary project stage were expensed as incurred. Other expenditures related2018, primarily due to the application development stage have been capitalized. The capitalized expenditures will be depreciated over the useful lifedivestitures of the asset when the asset is placed in service. The Bank has begun to place certain of these capitalized assets in service in 2018Anchor and anticipates that the remaining capitalized assets will be placed in service in the second half of 2018 through early 2019.BOS.
Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense for continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 20182019 was $23.4 million, which included a $12.7 million expense related to the sale of Anchor.$10.3 million. The effective tax rate for continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 20182019 was 44.3%20.9%, compared to an effective tax rate of 30.0%44.3% for the same period in 2017. The effective tax rate for 2018 was higher than 2017 primarily due to the sale of Anchor, partially offset by the reduction in the federal corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% as a result of the impact of the Tax Act that was enacted on December 22, 2017.2018. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 9: Income Taxes” for further detail.






Financial Condition


Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Discussion
June 30,
2018
 December 31, 2017 
Increase/
(decrease)
 
%
Change
June 30,
2019
 December 31, 2018 
Increase/
(decrease)
 
%
Change
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Assets:              
Total cash and investments$1,590,588
 $1,425,418
 $165,170
 12 %$1,170,514
 $1,255,253
 $(84,739) (7)%
Loans held for sale4,622
 4,697
 (75) (2)%3,640
 2,812
 828
 29 %
Total loans6,767,123
 6,505,028
 262,095
 4 %7,080,260
 6,893,158
 187,102
 3 %
Less: Allowance for loan losses73,464
 74,742
 (1,278) (2)%75,067
 75,312
 (245)  %
Net loans6,693,659
 6,430,286
 263,373
 4 %7,005,193
 6,817,846
 187,347
 3 %
Goodwill and intangible assets, net90,182
 91,681
 (1,499) (2)%68,491
 69,834
 (1,343) (2)%
Right-of-use assets110,880
 
 110,880
 nm
Total other assets337,152
 359,662
 (22,510) (6)%354,155
 348,880
 5,275
 2 %
Total assets$8,716,203
 $8,311,744
 $404,459
 5 %$8,712,873
 $8,494,625
 $218,248
 3 %
Liabilities and Equity:              
Deposits$6,620,179
 $6,510,246
 $109,933
 2 %$6,437,963
 $6,781,170
 $(343,207) (5)%
Total borrowings1,222,125
 862,213
 359,912
 42 %1,223,803
 813,435
 410,368
 50 %
Lease liabilities126,740
 
 126,740
 nm
Total other liabilities129,175
 135,880
 (6,705) (5)%124,370
 143,540
 (19,170) (13)%
Total liabilities7,971,479
 7,508,339
 463,140
 6 %7,912,876
 7,738,145
 174,731
 2 %
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests (“RNCI”)10,747
 17,461
 (6,714) (38)%
Redeemable noncontrolling interests (“RNCI”)1,786
 2,526
 (740) (29)%
Total shareholders’ equity733,977
 785,944
 (51,967) (7)%798,211
 753,954
 44,257
 6 %
Total liabilities, RNCI and shareholders’ equity$8,716,203
 $8,311,744
 $404,459
 5 %$8,712,873
 $8,494,625
 $218,248
 3 %
_____________________
nm = not meaningful
Total Assets. assets. Total assets increased $0.4 billion,$218.2 million, or 5%3%, to $8.7 billion at June 30, 20182019 from $8.3$8.5 billion at December 31, 2017,2018, primarily driven by increasesan increase in total loans and right-of-use assets, partially offset by a decrease in total cash and investmentsinvestments.
Total cash and total loans.
Cash and Investments.investments. Total cash and investments (consisting of cash and cash equivalents, investment securities available-for-sale, investment securities held-to-maturity, equity securities at fair value, and stock in the FHLB and the FRB) increased $165.2Federal Reserve Bank) decreased $84.7 million, or 12%7%, from December 31, 2017.2018. The decrease on a point-in-time basis was primarily driven by a decrease of $61.5 million in cash and a decrease of $38.4 million in investment securities and equity securities, partially offset by an increase in stock at the FHLB and Federal Reserve Bank. The Company utilized cash and proceeds from maturing investment securities to fund loan growth. Total cash and investments represent 18%13% of total assets at June 30, 20182019 and 17%15% of total assets at December 31, 2017. The increase on a point in time basis was primarily driven by an increase of $244.0 million in cash related to deposit inflows during the end of the second quarter of 2018 and cash received from the sale of Anchor, partially offset by cash used to redeem the 6.95% Non-Cumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series D (“the Series D preferred stock”). The increase in cash was partially offset by a decrease of $93.4 million in available-for-sale securities. A large portion of the deposit inflows were within the last few days of the quarter, as reflected by the decrease in the average cash and investments balances in the average balance sheet during the quarter.2018.
The majority of the investments held by the Company are held by the Bank. The Bank’s investment policy requires management to maintain a portfolio of securities which will provide liquidity necessary to facilitate funding of loans, to cover deposit fluctuations, and to mitigate the Bank’s overall balance sheet exposure to interest rate risk, while at the same time earning a satisfactory return on the funds invested. The securities in which the Bank may invest are subject to regulation and are generally limited to securities that are considered “investment grade.”grade”.
Investment maturities, redemptions, principal payments, and sales of securities, if any, net of purchases, provided $64.0$65.4 million of cash proceeds during the six months ended June 30, 2018,2019, compared to $75.8$64.0 million in the same period of 2017. Netin 2018. The Company used these cash proceeds are generally usedprimarily to purchase new investments or fund a portion of loan growth. The timing of sales and reinvestments is based on various factors, including management’s evaluation of interest rate trends, credit risk, and the Company’s liquidity. The Company’s available-for-sale investment portfolio carried a total of $2.0$11.6 million of unrealized gains and $34.8$5.4 million of unrealized losses at June 30, 2018,2019, compared to $5.1$2.4 million of unrealized gains and $17.2$27.1 million of unrealized losses at December 31, 2017.2018.


No impairment losses were recognized through earnings related to investment securities during the six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 2017.2018. The total amount of unrealized losses wasCompany does not consider these investments other-than-temporarily impaired as the decline in fair value on investments is primarily dueattributed to changes in interest rates since the securities were purchased and not due to credit quality.


quality or other risk factors.
Additionally, at June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, the Company held $79.0$54.5 million and $74.6$70.4 million, respectively, of held-to-maturity securities at amortized cost. All of the held-to-maturity securities held at June 30, 2019 were U.S. Treasury securities and mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by the U.S. government, U.S. government agencies, or government-sponsored entities.
See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 4: Investments” for further details of the Company’s investment securities.
Loans held for sale. Loans held for sale at June 30, 2018 decreased $0.12019 increased $0.8 million, or 2%29%, compared to the balance at December 31, 2017.2018. The balance of loans held for sale usually relates to the timing and volume of residential loans originated for sale and the ultimate sale transaction which is typically executed within a short time following the loan origination. From time to time, the Company may also sell loans that have been held in the loan portfolio. The sale of such loans may improve the Bank’s liquidity and capital position or may provide the Bank additional flexibility for more profitable and strategic future lending opportunities.
Goodwill and intangible assets, net. Goodwill and intangible assets, net at June 30, 20182019 decreased $1.5$1.3 million, or 2%, compared to the balance at December 31, 20172018 due to amortization of intangible assets. There was no change to goodwill during the six months ended June 30, 2018.2019.
Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets, such as trade names, are subject to annual impairment tests, or more frequently, if there is indication of impairment, based on guidance in ASC 350, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other(“ASC 350”). Long-lived intangible assets such as advisory contracts are tested for recoverability whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset or asset group may not be recoverable in accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant, and Equipment (“ASC 360”).
Management performed its annual goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment testing during the fourth quarter of 20172018 for applicable reporting units. The estimated fair value of BOS, KLS and Boston Private Wealth each exceeded their carrying value in 2017. value. Management will perform the annual goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment testing for this year during the fourth quarter of 2019.
Right-of-use assets. Total ROU assets at June 30, 2019 increased $110.9 million compared to the balance at December 31, 2018. Upon adoption of the new lease accounting standard, ASU 2016-02, the Company recognized approximately $108 million of ROU assets on the face of the consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 14: Lease Accounting” for further details of the Company’s leases.
Total other assets. Total other assets, as presented in the table above, consists of the following line items from the consolidated balance sheet: other real estate owned (“OREO”),OREO, if any; premises and equipment;equipment, net; fees receivable; accrued interest receivable; deferred income taxes, net; and other assets, including assets held for sale, if any.assets. Total other assets at June 30, 2018 decreased $22.52019 increased $5.3 million, or 6%2%, compared to the balance at December 31, 2017.2018. These changes resulted from the following factors:
Other assets, which consist primarily of BOLI, investment in partnerships, prepaid expenses, the fair value of interest rate derivatives, and other receivables and assets held for sale, if any, decreased $29.3increased $19.7 million, or 11%8%, to $230.2$266.7 million at June 30, 20182019 from $259.5$247.0 million at December 31, 2017.2018. The increase was primarily driven by an increase in the market value adjustment on derivative assets.
Deferred income taxes, net, decreased $9.5 million, or 35%, to $17.2 million at June 30, 2019 from $26.6 million at December 31, 2018. The decrease was primarily due to the divestituretax effect of Anchor inunrealized gains on securities available-for-sale at June 30, 2019 compared to the second quartertax effect of 2018 out of assets held for sale which was partially offset by the $15.4 million receivable for future revenue share with Anchor as part of the divestiture agreement.unrealized losses on securities available-for-sale at December 31, 2018.
Deferred income taxes,Premises and equipment, net, decreased $2.7$5.2 million, or 9%11%, to $26.3$40.2 million at June 30, 20182019 from $29.0$45.4 million at December 31, 2017.2018. The decrease was primarily driven by deferred income tax expense, partially offset by the current year tax effect of other comprehensive income/ (loss). At June 30, 2018, no valuation allowance on the net deferred tax asset was required due primarily to the expectation of future taxable income. The Company’s use of these deferred tax benefits may depend on a number of factors including future changes in laws or regulations relating to tax rates, tax credits, tax deductions, and net operating losses.
Premises and equipment increased $8.8 million, or 23%, to $46.4 million at June 30, 2018 from $37.6 million at December 31, 2017. In 2017, the Bank began working on an initiative to upgrade its information technology. The increase was primarily due to expenditures related to this initiative. Generally the expenditures in the preliminary project stage were expensed as incurred. Other expendituresis related to the application development stage have been capitalized. The capitalized expenditures will be depreciated overtiming of new purchases, primarily related to the useful life of the asset when the asset is placed in service. The capitalized assets will be placed in service beginning in early 2018 through 2019.Company's information technology initiatives as well as leasehold improvements.
Deposits. Deposits at June 30, 2018 increased $109.92019 decreased $343.2 million, or 2%5%, compared to the balance at December 31, 2017, primarily due to significant deposit inflows during the end of the second quarter of 2018. Although deposits increased on a point in time basis due to deposit inflows near the end of the second quarter of 2018, averageAverage total deposits for the three months ended June 30, 2018 decreased 2%2019 increased 4% from the same period in 2017 and average deposits for the six months ended June 30, 2018 decreased 1% from the same period in 2017 as shown in the average balance sheet. For further details, see “Results of Operations” above.



Deposits are the principal source of the Bank’s funds for use in lending, investments, and liquidity. Deposit levels can fluctuate from quarter to quarter as a result of large short-term transactions by commercial clients. Seasonality can also affect the deposit balances.
As a general matter, deposits are a cheaper source of funds than borrowings, because interest rates paid for deposits are typically less than interest rates charged for borrowings. If, as a result of general economic conditions, market interest rates, competitive pressures, or otherwise, the amount of deposits at the Bank decreases, relative to its overall banking operations, the Bank may be limited in its ability to grow its loan portfolio or may have to rely more heavily on higher cost borrowings as a source of funds in the future.
The following table presents the composition of the Company’s deposits at June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017:2018:
June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
Balance as a % of total Balance as a % of totalBalance as a % of total Balance as a % of total
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Demand deposits (noninterest-bearing)$2,089,373
 32% $2,025,690
 31%
Demand deposits (non-interest bearing)$1,854,091
 29% $1,951,274
 29%
NOW (1)635,841
 10% 645,361
 10%563,130
 9% 626,686
 9%
Savings73,675
 1% 70,935
 1%68,036
 1% 73,834
 1%
Money market (1)3,128,211
 47% 3,121,811
 48%3,228,608
 50% 3,338,891
 49%
Certificates of deposit under $100,000 (1)255,976
 4% 250,070
 4%
Certificates of deposit $100,000 or more to less than $250,00084,344
 1% 82,665
 1%
Certificates of deposit $250,000 or more352,759
 5% 313,714
 5%
Certificates of deposit less than $100,000 (1)195,266
 3% 265,883
 4%
Certificates of deposit $100,000 to $250,000105,292
 2% 98,120
 2%
Certificates of deposit more than $250,000423,540
 6% 426,482
 6%
Total deposits$6,620,179
 100% $6,510,246
 100%$6,437,963
 100% $6,781,170
 100%
_____________________
(1)Includes brokered deposits of $706.7$404.9 million and $780.2$541.1 million at June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively.
Total borrowings. Total borrowings (consisting of securities sold under agreements to repurchase,repurchase; federal funds purchased (if any),purchased; FHLB borrowings,borrowings; and junior subordinated debentures) at June 30, 20182019 increased $359.9$410.4 million, or 42%50%, compared to the balance at December 31, 2017.2018, primarily driven by an increase in FHLB borrowings, partially offset by a decrease in federal funds purchased. As described below, total borrowings increased primarily to fund loans as deposit balances decreased during the same period.
FHLB borrowings increased $363.3$499.9 million or 52%, to $1.1 billion$920.1 million at June 30, 20182019 from $693.7$420.1 million at December 31, 2017.2018. The increase was primarily due to seasonal deposit outflows and asset liability management considerations in order to fund additional loan growth.reduce the outstanding balance of overnight federal funds purchased with term FHLB borrowings. FHLB borrowings are generally used to provide additional funding for loan growth when it is in excess of deposit growth and to manage interest rate risk, but can also be used as an additional source of liquidity for the Bank.
From time to time, the CompanyBank purchases federal funds from the FHLB and other banking institutions to supplement its liquidity position. At June 30, 2018,2019, the Company had no federal funds purchased outstanding. The Company had $30.0$135.0 million in federal funds purchased outstanding compared to $250.0 million at December 31, 2017.2018.
Repurchase agreements increased $26.7$25.4 million, or 69%, to $58.8$62.4 million at June 30, 20182019 from $32.2$36.9 million at December 31, 2017.2018. Repurchase agreements are generally linked to commercial demand deposit accounts with an overnight sweep feature.
Lease liabilities. Lease liabilities at June 30, 2019 increased $126.7 million compared to the balance at December 31, 2018. Upon adoption of the new lease accounting standard discussed above, the Company recognized approximately $124 million of lease liabilities on the face of the consolidated balance sheet as of January 1, 2019. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 14: Lease Accounting” for further details of the Company’s leases.


Total other liabilities. Total other liabilities, which consist primarily of accrued interest, accrued bonus,employee benefits, interest rate derivatives, the unfunded portion of partnership investment commitments, and other accrued expenses, at June 30, 20182019 decreased $6.7$19.2 million, or 5%13%, compared to the balance at December 31, 2017.2018. The decrease was primarily driven by the payment in the first quarter of 2018 of accrued variable compensation, bonuses, and employee benefits in the first quarter of 2019 that had been accrued for at December 31, 2017, partially offset by an increase in accrued interest. Total other liabilities at December 31, 2017 also included liabilities held for sale related to Anchor, which were removed when Anchor was sold in April 2018.




Loan Portfolio and Credit Quality
Loans. Total portfolio loans increased $262.1$187.1 million, or 4%3%, to $6.8$7.1 billion, or 78%81% of total assets, at June 30, 2018,2019, from $6.5$6.9 billion, or 78%81% of total assets, at December 31, 2017.2018. The following table presents a summary of the loan portfolio based on the portfolio segment and changes in balances as of the dates indicated:
June 30,
2018
 December 31, 2017 $ Change % ChangeJune 30,
2019
 December 31, 2018 $ Change % Change
(In thousands)  (In thousands)  
Commercial and industrial$583,193
 $520,992
 $62,201
 12 %$656,186
 $623,037
 $33,149
 5 %
Commercial tax-exempt438,882
 418,698
 20,184
 5 %450,307
 451,671
 (1,364)  %
Total commercial and industrial1,022,075
 939,690
 82,385
 9 %1,106,493
 1,074,708
 31,785
 3 %
Commercial real estate2,504,521
 2,440,220
 64,301
 3 %2,530,556
 2,395,692
 134,864
 6 %
Construction and land172,024
 164,990
 7,034
 4 %200,378
 240,306
 (39,928) (17)%
Residential2,808,206
 2,682,533
 125,673
 5 %3,025,758
 2,948,973
 76,785
 3 %
Home equity91,801
 99,958
 (8,157) (8)%89,930
 90,421
 (491) (1)%
Consumer and other168,496
 177,637
 (9,141) (5)%127,145
 143,058
 (15,913) (11)%
Total loans$6,767,123
 $6,505,028
 $262,095
 4 %$7,080,260
 $6,893,158
 $187,102
 3 %
The ability to grow the loan portfolio is partially related to the Bank’s ability to increase deposit levels. Deposits are generally a cheaper source of funds than borrowings, because interest rates paid for deposits are typically less than interest rates charged for borrowings. If, as a result of general economic conditions, market interest rates, competitive pressures, or otherwise, the amount of deposits at the Bank decreases relative to its overall banking operations, the Bank may be limited in its ability to grow its loan portfolio or may have to rely more heavily on higher cost borrowings as a source of funds in the future. The Bank’s use of wholesale funding is limited as a result of internal policies such as the loans to deposits ratio.
The Bank specializes in lending to individuals, real estate investors, and middle market businesses, including corporations, partnerships, associations and nonprofit organizations. Loans made by the Bank to individuals may include residential mortgage loans and mortgage loans on investment or vacation properties, unsecured and secured personal lines of credit, home equity loans, and overdraft protection. Loans made by the Bank to businesses include commercial and mortgage loans, revolving lines of credit, working capital loans, equipment financing, community lending programs, and construction and land loans. The types and sizes of loans the Bank originates are limited by regulatory requirements.

The Bank’s loans are affected by the economic and real estate markets in which they are located. Generally, commercial real estate, construction, and land loans are affected more than residential loans in an economic downturn. The ability to grow the loan portfolio is partially related to the Bank's ability to increase deposit levels. If, as a result of general economic conditions, market interest rates, competitive pressures, or otherwise, deposit levels at the Bank decrease relative to its overall banking operations, the Bank may be limited in its ability to grow its loan portfolio or may need to increase higher cost borrowings to fund growth in the loan portfolio.
The Bank’s commercial real estate loan portfolio, the largest portfolio segment after residential, includes loans secured by the following types of collateral as of the dates indicated:
June 30, 2018 December 31, 2017June 30, 2019 December 31, 2018
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Multifamily and residential investment$738,157
 $729,792
$872,505
 $687,395
Retail638,496
 634,843
643,606
 635,222
Office and medical551,514
 543,894
516,822
 543,697
Manufacturing, industrial, and warehouse203,738
 197,950
185,108
 193,472
Hospitality192,665
 148,354
148,604
 187,132
Other179,951
 185,387
163,911
 148,774
Commercial real estate$2,504,521
 $2,440,220
Total commercial real estate loans$2,530,556
 $2,395,692



Geographic concentration. The following tables present the Company’s outstanding loan balance concentrations at the dates indicated based on the location of the regional offices to which they are attributed.
As of June 30, 2018As of June 30, 2019
New England San Francisco Bay Area Southern California TotalNew England San Francisco Bay Area Southern California Total
Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount PercentAmount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$481,081
 7% $35,220
 1% $66,892
 1% $583,193
 9%$524,319
 7% $41,131
 1% $90,736
 1% $656,186
 9%
Commercial tax-exempt332,572
 5% 94,959
 1% 11,351
 % 438,882
 6%343,359
 5% 95,825
 1% 11,123
 % 450,307
 6%
Commercial real estate1,069,942
 16% 739,769
 11% 694,810
 10% 2,504,521
 37%1,071,073
 15% 770,312
 11% 689,171
 10% 2,530,556
 36%
Construction and land88,068
 1% 37,783
 1% 46,173
 1% 172,024
 3%144,986
 2% 24,725
 1% 30,667
 % 200,378
 3%
Residential1,643,039
 24% 533,394
 8% 631,773
 10% 2,808,206
 42%1,708,501
 24% 574,937
 8% 742,320
 11% 3,025,758
 43%
Home equity61,125
 1% 17,366
 % 13,310
 % 91,801
 1%58,806
 1% 19,232
 % 11,892
 % 89,930
 1%
Consumer and other145,726
 2% 14,659
 % 8,111
 % 168,496
 2%106,177
 2% 12,279
 % 8,689
 % 127,145
 2%
Total loans (1)$3,821,553
 56% $1,473,150
 22% $1,472,420
 22% $6,767,123
 100%$3,957,221
 56% $1,538,441
 22% $1,584,598
 22% $7,080,260
 100%
As of December 31, 2017As of December 31, 2018
New England San Francisco Bay Area Southern California TotalNew England San Francisco Bay Area Southern California Total
Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount PercentAmount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Commercial and industrial$438,322
 7% $23,311
 % $59,359
 1% $520,992
 8%$503,201
 7% $43,702
 1% $76,134
 1% $623,037
 9%
Commercial tax-exempt305,792
 5% 101,340
 1% 11,566
 % 418,698
 6%344,079
 5% 96,387
 2% 11,205
 % 451,671
 7%
Commercial real estate1,002,092
 15% 725,454
 11% 712,674
 11% 2,440,220
 37%1,022,061
 15% 714,449
 10% 659,182
 10% 2,395,692
 35%
Construction and land86,874
 1% 27,891
 1% 50,225
 1% 164,990
 3%153,929
 2% 41,516
 % 44,861
 1% 240,306
 3%
Residential1,598,072
 24% 512,189
 8% 572,272
 9% 2,682,533
 41%1,689,318
 25% 559,578
 8% 700,077
 10% 2,948,973
 43%
Home equity67,435
 1% 22,462
 1% 10,061
 % 99,958
 2%57,617
 1% 19,722
 % 13,082
 % 90,421
 1%
Consumer and other149,022
 3% 14,707
 % 13,908
 % 177,637
 3%120,402
 2% 12,663
 % 9,993
 % 143,058
 2%
Total loans (1)$3,647,609
 56% $1,427,354
 22% $1,430,065
 22% $6,505,028
 100%$3,890,607
 57% $1,488,017
 21% $1,514,534
 22% $6,893,158
 100%
________________________
(1)Regional percentage totals may not reconcile due to rounding.
Allowance for loan losses. The allowance for loan losses is reported as a reduction of outstanding loan balances and totaled $73.5$75.1 million and $74.7$75.3 million as of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, respectively.
The allowance for loan losses decreased $1.2$0.2 million to $73.5$75.1 million, or 1.06% of total loans, as of June 30, 2019 from $75.3 million, or 1.09% of total loans, as of June 30, 2018 from $74.7 million, or 1.15% of total loans, as of December 31, 2017.2018. The decrease in the overall allowance for loan losses was primarily due to a decline in criticized loans, and a decline innet changes to loss factors, partially offset by loan growth and the mix in the loan portfolio. The provision for loan losses in the second quarter of 2018 was primarily driven by loan growth, partially offset by a decline in criticized loans and improved loss rates. See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 7: Allowance for Loan Losses” for an analysis of the Company’s allowance for loan losses.
An analysis of the risk in the loan portfolio as well as management judgment is used to determine the estimated appropriate amount of the allowance for loan losses. The Company’s allowance for loan losses is comprised of three primary components (general reserves, allocated reserves on non-impaired special mention and substandard loans, and allocated reserves on impaired loans). See Part II. Item 8. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 6: Allowance for Loan Losses” and the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20172018 for further information.



The following table presents a summary of loans charged-off, net of recoveries, by geography for the periods indicated. The geography assigned to the data is based on the location of the regional offices to which the loans are attributed.
Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,Three months ended June 30, Six months ended June 30,
2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018 2019 2018
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Net loans (charged-off)/ recovered:              
New England$(73) $667
 $(358) $746
$31
 $(73) $253
 $(358)
San Francisco Bay Area91
 2,856
 158
 2,891
20
 91
 38
 158
Southern California95
 (431) 264
 (410)(161) 95
 (473) 264
Total net loans (charged-off)/ recovered$113
 $3,092
 $64
 $3,227
$(110) $113
 $(182) $64
There were $0.1 million in net recoveriescharge-offs recorded in the second quarter of 2018,2019 compared to $3.1$0.1 million of net recoveries for the same period of 2017.2018.
The Company believes that commercial loans represent the greatest risk of loss due to the size and nature of these loans and the related collateral, if applicable. Local economic and business conditions in the markets where our offices are located have a significant impact on our commercial loan customers and their ability to service their loans.
Nonperforming assets. The Company’s nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans and OREO, if any. OREO if any, consists of real estate acquired through foreclosure proceedings and real estate acquired through acceptance of deeds in lieu of foreclosure. As of June 30, 2018,2019, nonperforming assets totaled $15.8$17.2 million, or 0.18%0.20% of total assets, an increase of $1.5$2.7 million, or 10%19%, compared to $14.3$14.5 million, or 0.17% of total assets, as of December 31, 2017.2018.
The Bank’s policy is to discontinue the accrual of interest on a loan when the collectability of principal or interest in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement is in doubt. Despite a loan having a current payment status, if the Bank has reason to believe it may not collect all principal and interest on the loan in accordance with the related contractual terms, the Bank will generally discontinue the accrual of interest income and will apply any future interest payments received to principal. Of the $15.7$17.2 million of loans on nonaccrual status as of June 30, 2018, $3.02019, $5.8 million, or 19%34%, had a current payment status, $1.1$3.4 million, or 7%20%, were 30-89 days past due, and $11.6$8.0 million, or 74%46%, were 90 days or more past due. Of the $14.3$14.1 million of loans on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2017, $1.32018, $3.6 million, or 9%26%, had a current payment status, $3.4$0.8 million, or 24%5%, were 30-89 days past due, and $9.6$9.7 million, or 67%69%, were 90 days or more past due.
The Bank continues to evaluate the underlying collateral of each nonperforming loan and pursue the collection of interest and principal. Where appropriate, the Bank obtains updated appraisals on collateral. Reductions in fair values of the collateral for nonaccrual loans, if they are collateral dependent, could result in additional future provision for loan losses depending on the timing and severity of the decline. See Part I. Item 1. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 6: Loans Portfolio and Credit Quality” for further information on nonperforming loans.
The Bank’s policy for returning a loan to accrual status requires the loan to be brought current and for the client to show a history of making timely payments (generally six consecutive months). For nonaccruing troubled debt restructured loans (“TDRs”), a return to accrual status generally requires timely payments for a period of six months in accordance with restructured terms, along with meeting other criteria.
Delinquencies. The past due status of a loan is determined in accordance with its contractual repayment terms. All loan types are reported past due when one scheduled payment is due and unpaid for 30 days or more. Loans 30-89 days past due decreased $20.1$19.9 million, or 80%89%, to $5.0$2.4 million as of June 30, 20182019 from $25.0$22.3 million as of December 31, 2017, with the decrease primarily due to the number of days in June as compared to the number of days in December.2018. Loan delinquencies can be attributed to many factors, such as continuing weakness in, or deteriorating, economic conditions in the region in which the collateral is located, the loss of a tenant or lower lease rates for commercial borrowers, or the loss of income for consumers and the resulting liquidity impacts on the borrowers. Further deterioration in the credit condition of these delinquent loans could lead to the loans going to nonaccrual status and/or being downgraded. Downgrades would generally result in additional provision for loan losses. Past due loans may be included with accruing substandard loans.
In certain instances, although very infrequently, loans that have become 90 days or more past due may remain on accrual status if the value of the collateral securing the loan is sufficient to cover principal and interest and the loan is in the process of collection. There werewas one loan 90 days or more past due, but still accruing, for $0.9 million, as of June 30, 2019 and no loans 90 days or more past due, but still accruing, as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.2018.


Impaired Loans. When management determines that it is probable that the Bank will not collect all principal and interest on a loan in accordance with the original loan terms, the loan is considered impaired. Certain impaired loans may continue to accrue interest based on factors such as the restructuring terms, if any, the historical payment performance, the value of collateral, and the financial condition of the borrower. Impaired commercial loans and impaired construction loans are typically, in accordance with ASC 310, individually evaluated for impairment. Large groups of smaller-balance homogeneous loans may be collectively evaluated for impairment. Such groups of loans may include, but are not limited to, residential loans, home equity loans, and consumer loans. However, if the terms of any of such loans are modified in a troubled debt restructuring, then such loans would be individually evaluated for impairment in the allowance for loan and lease losses.
Loans that are individually evaluated for impairment require an analysis to determine the amount of impairment, if any. For collateral dependent loans, impairment would be indicated as a result of the carrying value of the loan exceeding the estimated collateral value, less costs to sell, or, for loans not considered to be collateral dependent, the net present value of the projected cash flow, discounted at the loan’s contractual effective interest rate. Generally, when a collateral dependent loan becomes impaired, an updated appraisal of the collateral, if appropriate, is obtained. If the impaired loan has not been upgraded to a performing status within a reasonable amount of time, the Bank will continue to obtain updated appraisals, as deemed necessary, especially during periods of declining property values. Normally, shortfalls in the analysis of collateral dependent loans would result in the impairment amount being charged-off to the allowance for loan losses. Shortfalls on cash flow dependent loans may be carried as specific allocations to the general reserve unless a known loss is determined to have occurred, in which case such known loss is charged-off. Based on the impairment analysis, the provision could be higher or lower than the amount of provision associated with a loan prior to its classification as impaired. See Part II. Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 for detail on the Company’s treatment of impaired loans in the allowance for loan losses.
Impaired loans individually evaluated for impairment in the allowance for loan losses totaled $23.7$20.8 million as of June 30, 2018,2019, an increase of $1.1$5.2 million, or 5%33%, compared to $22.6$15.6 million as of December 31, 2017.2018. As of June 30, 2018, $8.32019, $1.5 million of the individually evaluated impaired loans had $1.0$0.2 million in specific reserve allocations. The remaining $15.4$19.3 million of individually evaluated impaired loans did not have specific reserve allocations due to the adequacy of collateral, prior charge-offs taken, interest collected and applied to principal, or a combination of these items. As of December 31, 2017, $8.12018, $4.2 million of individually evaluated impaired loans had $0.7$1.2 million in specific reserve allocations, and the remaining $14.5$11.4 million of individually evaluated impaired loans did not have specific reserve allocations.


The Bank may, under certain circumstances, restructure loans as a concession to borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty. Such loans are classified as TDRs and are included in impaired loans. TDRs typically result from the Bank’s loss mitigation activities which, among other things, could include rate reductions, payment extensions, and/or principal forgiveness. As of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, TDRs totaled $12.9$10.6 million and $13.6$8.0 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2018, $10.72019, $6.9 million of the $12.9$10.6 million in TDRs were on accrual status. As of December 31, 2017, $11.12018, $3.8 million of the $13.6$8.0 million in TDRs were on accrual status.
Potential Problem Loans. Loans that evidence weakness or potential weakness related to repayment history, the borrower’s financial condition, or other factors are reviewed by the Bank’s management to determine if the loan should be adversely classified. Delinquent loans may or may not be adversely classified depending upon management’s judgment with respect to each individual loan. The Bank classifies certain loans as “substandard,” “doubtful,” or “loss” based on criteria consistent with guidelines provided by banking regulators. Potential problem loans consist of accruing classified loans where known information about possible credit problems of the related borrowers causes management to have doubts as to the ability of such borrowers to comply with the present loan repayment terms and which may result in classification of such loans as nonperforming at some time in the future. Management cannot predict the extent to which economic conditions may worsen or other factors which may impact borrowers and the potential problem loans. Triggering events for loan downgrades include updated appraisal information, inability of borrowers to cover debt service payments, loss of tenants or notification by the tenant of non-renewal of lease, inability of borrowers to sell completed construction projects, and the inability of borrowers to sell properties. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that other loans will not become 90 days or more past due, be placed on nonaccrual, be restructured, or require increased allowance coverage and provision for loan losses.


As of June 30, 2018,2019, the Bank has identified $45.5$53.9 million in potential problem loans, a decrease of $7.9$0.2 million, or 15%,less than 1% compared to $53.4$54.1 million as of December 31, 2017.2018. Numerous factors impact the level of potential problem loans, including economic conditions and real estate values. These factors affect the borrower’s liquidity and, in some cases, the borrower’s ability to comply with loan covenants such as debt service coverage. For instance, when there is a loss of a major tenant in a commercial real estate building, the appraised value of the building generally declines. Loans may be downgraded when this occurs as a result of the additional risk to the borrower in obtaining a new tenant in a timely manner and negotiating a lease with similar or better terms than the previous tenant. In many cases, these loans are still current and paying as agreed, although future performance may be impacted.
The following table presents a rollforward of nonaccrual loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 20182019 and 2017:2018:
As of and for the three months ended June 30, As of and for the six months ended June 30,As of and for the three months ended June 30, As of and for the six months ended June 30,
2018 2017 2018 20172019 2018 2019 2018
(In thousands)
Nonaccrual loans, beginning of period$16,380
 $20,945
 $14,295
 $17,315
$12,019
 $16,380
 $14,057
 $14,295
Transfers in to nonaccrual status680
 2,536
 4,918
 7,716
5,911
 680
 6,258
 4,918
Transfers out to OREO(108) 
 (108) 

 (108) 
 (108)
Transfers out to accrual status(905) (970) (1,792) (1,540)(171) (905) (204) (1,792)
Charge-offs(140) (458) (514) (458)(195) (140) (759) (514)
Paid off/ paid down(256) (5,877) (1,148) (6,857)(409) (256) (2,197) (1,148)
Nonaccrual loans, end of period$15,651
 $16,176
 $15,651
 $16,176
$17,155
 $15,651
 $17,155
 $15,651


The following table presents a summary of credit quality by geography, based on the location of the regional offices:
June 30,
2018
 December 31, 2017June 30,
2019
 December 31, 2018
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Nonaccrual loans:      
New England$7,282
 $6,061
$8,837
 $6,728
San Francisco Bay Area1,319
 1,473
2,644
 2,488
Southern California7,050
 6,761
5,674
 4,841
Total nonaccrual loans$15,651
 $14,295
$17,155
 $14,057
Loans 30-89 days past due and accruing:      
New England$4,653
 $19,725
$1,747
 $15,961
San Francisco Bay Area
 1,911
6
 2,246
Southern California324
 3,412
681
 4,092
Total loans 30-89 days past due(1)$4,977
 $25,048
$2,434
 $22,299
Accruing classified loans:(2)      
New England$11,493
 $10,911
$13,012
 $10,392
San Francisco Bay Area12,766
 11,615
25,957
 24,584
Southern California21,194
 30,826
14,914
 19,119
Total accruing classified loans$45,453
 $53,352
$53,883
 $54,095
___________________
(1)In addition, there was one loan that was 90+ days past due and accruing, a New England loan for $0.9 million. This loan paid off in July 2019.
(2) Accruing Classified includes both Substandard and Doubtful classifications.





The following table presents a summary of credit quality by loan type. The loan type assigned to the credit quality data is based on the purpose of the loan.
June 30,
2018
 December 31, 2017June 30,
2019
 December 31, 2018
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Nonaccrual loans:      
Commercial and industrial$1,412
 $748
$1,567
 $2,554
Commercial tax-exempt
 

 
Commercial real estate1,838
 1,985

 546
Construction and land
 110

 
Residential9,610
 8,470
12,572
 7,914
Home equity2,789
 2,840
3,004
 3,031
Consumer and other2
 142
12
 12
Total nonaccrual loans$15,651
 $14,295
$17,155
 $14,057
Loans 30-89 days past due and accruing:      
Commercial and industrial$521
 $11,752
$251
 $9,794
Commercial tax-exempt
 

 
Commercial real estate
 4,043
982
 
Construction and land
 

 
Residential3,641
 8,874
334
 6,843
Home equity812
 355

 602
Consumer and other3
 24
867
 5,060
Total loans 30-89 days past due(1)$4,977
 $25,048
$2,434
 $22,299
Accruing classified loans:(2)      
Commercial and industrial$7,602
 $10,951
$23,037
 $22,992
Commercial tax-exempt
 
4,051
 4,051
Commercial real estate29,259
 34,455
23,795
 27,052
Construction and land7,264
 6,596

 
Residential1,326
 1,349
3,000
 
Home equity
 

 
Consumer and other2
 1

 
Total accruing classified loans$45,453
 $53,352
$53,883
 $54,095

___________________
(1)In addition, there was one loan that was 90+ days past due and accruing, a residential loan for $0.9 million. This loan paid off in July 2019.
(2) Accruing Classified includes both Substandard and Doubtful classifications.

Liquidity
Liquidity is defined as the Company’s ability to generate adequate cash to meet its needs for day-to-day operations and material long and short-term commitments. Liquidity risk is the risk of potential loss if the Company were unable to meet its funding requirements at a reasonable cost. The Company manages its liquidity based on demand, commitments, specific events and uncertainties to meet current and future financial obligations of a short-term nature. The Company’s objective in managing liquidity is to respond to the needs of depositors and borrowers as well as earnings enhancement opportunities in a changing marketplace.



The following table presents certain liquidity measurements as of the dates indicated:
June 30,
2018
 December 31, 2017 $
Change
 %
Change
June 30,
2019
 December 31, 2018 $
Change
 %
Change
(In thousands)(In thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents$364,539
 $120,541
 $243,998
 nm
$65,756
 $127,259
 $(61,503) (48)%
Investment securities available-for-sale1,076,967
 1,170,328
 (93,361) (8)%966,731
 994,065
 (27,334) (3)%
Equity securities at fair value19,092
 14,228
 4,864
 34 %
LESS: Securities pledged against current borrowings and derivatives(65,724) (38,779) (26,945) 69 %(104,443) (44,022) (60,421) nm
Subtotal$1,375,782
 $1,252,090
 $123,692
 10 %
Cash and investments$947,136
 $1,091,530
 $(144,394) (13)%
As a percent of assets16% 15%   

11% 13%   

              
Access to additional FHLB borrowings858,062
 1,228,008
 (369,946) (30)%918,184
 1,405,083
 (486,899) (35)%
Subtotal$2,233,844
 $2,480,098
 $(246,254) (10)%
Total liquidity$1,865,320
 $2,496,613
 $(631,293) (25)%
As a percent of assets26% 30%   

21% 29%   

As a percent of deposits34% 38%   

29% 37%   

_____________________
nm = not meaningful
At June 30, 2018,2019, the Company’s cash and cash equivalents amounted to $364.5$65.8 million. The Holding Company’s cash and cash equivalents amounted to $54.5$46.3 million at June 30, 2018.2019. Management believes that the Holding Company and its affiliates, including the Bank, have adequate liquidity to meet their commitments for the foreseeable future.
Management is responsible for establishing and monitoring liquidity targets as well as strategies to meet these targets. At June 30, 2018,2019, consolidated cash and cash equivalents, and investment securities available-for-sale and equity securities at fair value, less securities pledged against current borrowings and derivatives, amounted to $1.4$0.9 billion, or 16%11% of total assets, compared to $1.3$1.1 billion, or 15%13% of total assets, at December 31, 2017.2018. Future loan growth may depend upon the Company’s ability to grow its core deposit levels. In addition, the Company has access to available borrowings through the FHLB totaling $858.1 million$0.9 billion at June 30, 2018, which decreased from $1.22019 and $1.4 billion at December 31, 2017, as the Company increased its usage of FHLB borrowings in 2018. Combined, this liquidity totals $2.2$1.9 billion, or 26%21% of assets and 34%29% of deposits, as of June 30, 2018,2019, compared to $2.5 billion, or 30%29% of assets and 38%37% of deposits, at December 31, 2017.2018.
The Bank has various internal policies and guidelines regarding liquidity, both on- and off-balance sheet, loans to assetsdeposits ratio, and limits on the use of wholesale funds. These policies and/or guidelines require certain minimum or maximum balances or ratios be maintained at all times. In light of the provisions in the Bank’s internal liquidity policies and guidelines, the Bank will carefully manage the amount and timing of future loan growth along with its relevant liquidity policies and balance sheet guidelines. As a general matter, deposits are a cheaper source of funds than borrowings, because interest rates paid for deposits are typically less than interest rates charged for borrowings. If, as a result of general economic conditions, market interest rates, competitive pressures, or otherwise, the amountbalance of deposits at the Bank decreases relative to its overall banking operations,approaches or exceeds internal policies and/or guidelines, the Bank may be limited in its ability to grow its loan portfolio, or may have to rely more heavily on higher cost borrowings as a source of funds, or consider loan sales in the future.
Holding Company Liquidity. The Company and some of the Company’s majority-owned affiliatesaffiliate, DGHM, hold put and call options that would require the Company to purchase (and the noncontrolling interest ownersowner of the majority-owned affiliatesaffiliate to sell) the remaining noncontrolling interestsinterest in these companiesDGHM at either a contractually predetermined fair value, a multiple of EBITDA, or fair value, as determined by the respective agreements.agreement. At June 30, 2018,2019, the estimated maximum redemption value for these affiliatesDGHM related to outstanding put options was $10.7$1.8 million, all of which could be redeemed within the next 12 months, under certain circumstances, and is classified on the consolidated balance sheets as redeemable noncontrolling interests. These put and call options are discussed in detail in Part II. Item 8. “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data - Note 14: Noncontrolling Interests” of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.2018.



The Holding Company’s primary sources of funds are dividends from its affiliates and access to the capital and debt markets. The Holding Company recognized $1.7 million in net income from discontinued operations during the six months ended June 30, 2018 as the final payment related to a revenue sharing agreement with Westfield. The Company will not receive additional income from Westfield now that the final payment has been received. Although not a primary source of funds, the Holding Company has generated liquidity from the sale of affiliates in the past and alsopast. Additional funds were generated additional funds at the time of the Anchor sale closingwhich closed in April 2018 and the BOS sale which closed in December 2018. PursuantAs part of the sale agreements for both Anchor and BOS, the Company expects to the Anchor sale agreement, the Holding Company will be entitled toreceive future revenue sharingcontingent payments that have a netestimated present valuevalues of $15.4$13.0 million in addition to the $34.2and $13.2 million of cash received at the time of the sale closing in April 2018. The company expects to receive $1.2 million over the remaining six months of 2018 related to the revenue sharing agreement with Anchor, a portion of which will be recorded as miscellaneous income. The Company also incurred a tax liability of $12.7 million attributable to the transaction, which is primarily the result of a book-to-tax basis difference associated with nondeductible goodwill.June 30, 2019, respectively.



Dividends from the Bank are limited by various regulatory requirements relating to capital adequacy and retained earnings. See Part II. Item 5. “Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholders Matters, and Issuers Purchases of Equity Securities” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20172018 for further details.
The Bank pays dividends to the Holding Company, subject to the approval of the Bank’s Board of Directors, depending on its profitability and asset growth. If regulatory agencies were to require banks to increase their capital ratios, or impose other restrictions, it may limit the ability of the Bank to pay dividends to the Holding Company and/or limit the amount that the Bank could grow.
Although the Bank’s capital currently exceeds regulatory requirements for capital, the Holding Company could downstream additional capital to increase the rate that the Bank could grow. Depending upon the amount of capital downstreamed by the Holding Company, the approval of the Holding Company’s Board of Directors may be required prior to the payment, if any.
The Company is required to pay interest quarterly on its junior subordinated debentures. The estimated cash outlay for the remaining six months of 20182019 for the interest payments is approximately $2.2$2.0 million based on the debt outstanding at June 30, 20182019 and estimated London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”).LIBOR. LIBOR is expected to be phased out as an index by the end of 2021. The Company is currently evaluating alternativeswill need to negotiate an alternative benchmark rate to be used at the LIBOR index.time.
The Company presently plans to pay cash dividends on its common stock on a quarterly basis dependent upon a number of factors such as profitability, Holding Company liquidity, and the Company’s capital levels. However, the ultimate declaration of dividends by the Board of Directors of the Company will depend on consideration of, among other things, recent financial trends and internal forecasts, regulatory limitations, alternative uses of capital deployment, general economic conditions, and regulatory changes to capital requirements. Additionally, the Company is required to inform and consult with the Federal Reserve in advance of declaring a dividend that exceeds earnings for the period for which the dividend is being paid. Based on the current quarterly dividend rate of $0.12 per share, as announced by the Company on January 17, 2018,July 24, 2019, and estimated shares outstanding, the Company estimates that the amount to be paid out for dividends to common shareholders in the remaining six months of 20182019 will be approximately $20.4$19.9 million. The estimated dividend payments in 20182019 could increase or decrease if the Company’s Board of Directors votes to increase or decrease, respectively, the current dividend rate, and/or the number of shares outstanding changes significantly.

The Series D preferred stock was callable by the Company beginning in June 2018. On June 15, 2018, the Company redeemed all $50 million of the outstanding Series D preferred stock. There will therefore be no additional outlay for cash dividends on the Series D preferred stock for the remaining six months of 2018.
In the first quarter of 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors approved, and the Company received regulatory non-objection for, a share repurchase program of up to $20.0 million of the Company’s outstanding common shares. Under the program, shares may be repurchased from time to time in the open market for a two-year period. As of June 30, 2018, the full $20.0 million remains available for repurchase. The amount and timing of repurchases will be based on the Company’s continuous evaluation of the program.
Bank Liquidity. The Bank has established various borrowing arrangements to provide additional sources of liquidity and funding. Management believes that the Bank currently has adequate liquidity available to respond to current demands. The Bank is a member of the FHLB of Boston, and as such, has access to short- and long-term borrowings from that institution. The FHLB can change the advance amounts that banks can utilize based on a bank’s current financial condition as obtained from publicly available data such as FDIC Call Reports. Decreases in the amount of FHLB borrowings available to the Bank would lower its liquidity and possibly limit the Bank’s ability to grow in the short-term. Management believes that the Bank has adequate liquidity to meet its commitments for the foreseeable future.


In addition to the above liquidity, the Bank has access to the FRB discount window facility, which can provide short-term liquidity as “lender of last resort,” brokered deposits, and federal funds lines.resort”. The use of non-core funding sources, including brokered deposits and borrowings, by the Bank may be limited by regulatory agencies. Generally, the regulatory agencies prefer that banks rely on core-funding sources for liquidity.
From time to time, the Bank purchases federal funds from the FHLB and other banking institutions to supplement its liquidity position. At June 30, 2018,2019, the Bank had unused federal fund lines of credit totaling $515.0$405.0 million, compared to $435.0$465.0 million at December 31, 2017,2018, with correspondent institutions to provide it with immediate access to overnight borrowings. At June 30, 2018,2019, the Bank had no$125.0 million outstanding borrowings under the federal fundfunds lines with these correspondent institutions and had $30.0along with an additional $10.0 million of outstanding borrowings under federal funds lines with the FHLB. At December 31, 2018, the Bank had $100.0 million outstanding borrowings under the federal fundfunds lines at December 31, 2017.with these correspondent institutions along with an additional $150.0 million of outstanding borrowings under federal funds lines with the FHLB. Certain liquidity sources, such as federal funds lines, may be withdrawn by the correspondent bank at any time especially in the event of financial deterioration of the institution.
The Bank has also negotiated brokered deposit agreements with several institutions that have nationwide distribution capabilities. The Bank also participates in deposit placement services that can be used to provide customers to expanded deposit insurance coverage. At June 30, 2018,2019, the Bank had $706.7$404.9 million of brokered deposits outstanding under these agreements, compared to $780.2$541.1 million at December 31, 2017.2018.


If the Bank is no longer able to utilize the FHLB for borrowing, collateral currently used for FHLB borrowings could be transferred to other facilities such as the FRB’s discount window. In addition, the Bank could increase its usage of brokered deposits. Other borrowing arrangements may have higher rates than the FHLB would typically charge.


Capital Resources
Total shareholders’ equity at June 30, 20182019 was $734.0$798.2 million, compared to $785.9$754.0 million at December 31, 2017, a decrease2018, an increase of $52.0$44.3 million. The decreaseincrease in shareholders’ equity was primarily the result of net income attributable to the redemption of the Series D preferred stock, dividends paid,Company and the change in accumulated other comprehensive income/ (loss),income, partially offset by net income.
The Company currently has one class of warrants to purchase common stock outstanding. These warrants were initially issued to the U.S. Department of the Treasury (the “TARP warrants”). As of June 30, 2018, 1.2 million TARP warrants at a strike price of $8.00 per share were outstanding, before adjusting for dividends paid on the Company’sto common stock in excess of $0.01 per share. The TARP warrants expire in November 2018. The Company expects all of the TARP warrants to be exercised between now and the expiration date, as they are in-the-money. The number of shares of common stock to be issued, and the amount of cash to be received, from the exercise of the TARP warrants is dependent upon the price of the Company’s common stock on the date of exercise and whether the holder of the warrants being exercised elects a cash or cashless exercise.shareholders.     
The Company and the Bank are subject to capital rules issued by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”). Under these rules, the Company and the Bank are each required to maintain a minimum common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of 4.5%, a minimum Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of 6.0%, a minimum total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of 8.0%, and a minimum Tier 1 leverage ratio of 4.0%. Additionally, subject to a transition schedule, these rules require the Company and the Bank to establish a capital conservation buffer of common equity Tier 1 capital in an amount above the minimum risk-based capital requirements for “adequately capitalized” institutions equal to 2.5% of total risk-weighted assets, or face restrictions on the ability to pay dividends, pay discretionary bonuses, and to engage in share repurchases.
A Federal Reserve-supervised institution, such as the Bank, is considered “well capitalized” if it (i) has a total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of 10.0% or greater; (ii) a Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of 8.0% or greater; (iii) a common equity Tier 1 capital ratio to risk-weighted assets of 6.5% or greater; (iv) a Tier 1 leverage ratio of 5.0% or greater; and (iv) is not subject to any written agreement, order, capital directive, or prompt corrective action directive to meet and maintain a specific capital level for any capital measure. The Bank is currently considered “well capitalized” under all regulatory definitions.
The following table presents the Company’s and the Bank’s regulatory capital and related ratios as of June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017.2018. Also presented are the minimum requirements established by the Federal Reserve and the FDIC as of those dates for the Company and the Bank, respectively, to meet applicable capital requirements and the requirements of the FDIC as of those dates for the Bank to be considered “well capitalized” under all regulatory definitions. The Federal Reserve and the Massachusetts Division of Banks may impose higher capital ratios than those listed below based upon the results of regulatory exams.

Actual For capital adequacy purposes (at least) To be well capitalized under prompt corrective action provisions (at least) Minimum capital ratio with capital conservation buffer (1)Actual For capital adequacy purposes (at least) To be well capitalized under prompt corrective action provisions (at least) Minimum capital ratio with capital conservation buffer (1)
Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio RatioAmount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Ratio
(In thousands) (In thousands) 
As of June 30, 2018          
As of June 30, 2019          
Common equity tier 1 risk-based capital          Common equity tier 1 risk-based capital         
Company$665,628
 10.90% $274,706
 4.5% n/a
 n/a 7.0%$726,872
 11.20% $292,103
 4.5% n/a
 n/a 7.0%
Boston Private Bank718,886
 11.80
 274,040
 4.5
 $395,835
 6.5% 7.0768,435
 11.92
 290,126
 4.5
 $419,072
 6.5% 7.0
Tier 1 risk-based capital                    
Company767,263
 12.57
 366,275
 6.0
 n/a
 n/a 8.5827,299
 12.74
 389,471
 6.0
 n/a
 n/a 8.5
Boston Private Bank718,886
 11.80
 365,386
 6.0
 487,181
 8.0 8.5768,435
 11.92
 386,835
 6.0
 515,780
 8.0 8.5
Total risk-based capital                    
Company842,299
 13.80
 488,367
 8.0
 n/a
 n/a 10.5903,675
 13.92
 519,295
 8.0
 n/a
 n/a 10.5
Boston Private Bank793,698
 13.03
 487,181
 8.0
 608,977
 10.0 10.5844,665
 13.10
 515,780
 8.0
 644,725
 10.0 10.5
Tier 1 leverage capital                    
Company767,263
 9.21
 244,183
 4.0
 n/a
 n/a 4.0827,299
 9.60
 344,712
 4.0
 n/a
 n/a 4.0
Boston Private Bank718,886
 8.69
 331,063
 4.0
 413,829
 5.0 4.0768,435
 8.99
 341,973
 4.0
 427,467
 5.0 4.0
                    
As of December 31, 2017          
As of December 31, 2018          
Common equity tier 1 risk-based capital          Common equity tier 1 risk-based capital         
Company$607,800
 10.32% $265,153
 4.5% n/a
 n/a 7.0%$702,728
 11.40% $277,275
 4.5% n/a
 n/a 7.0%
Boston Private Bank694,201
 11.83
 264,028
 4.5
 $381,373
 6.5% 7.0745,051
 12.13
 276,352
 4.5
 $399,175
 6.5% 7.0
Tier 1 risk-based capital                    
Company758,089
 12.87
 353,537
 6.0
 n/a
 n/a 8.5803,311
 13.04
 369,701
 6.0
 n/a
 n/a 8.5
Boston Private Bank694,201
 11.83
 352,037
 6.0
 469,382
 8.0 8.5745,051
 12.13
 368,469
 6.0
 491,292
 8.0 8.5
Total risk-based capital                    
Company832,182
 14.12
 471,383
 8.0
 n/a
 n/a 10.5879,927
 14.28
 492,934
 8.0
 n/a
 n/a 10.5
Boston Private Bank767,576
 13.08
 469,382
 8.0
 586,728
 10.0 10.5821,584
 13.38
 491,292
 8.0
 614,115
 10.0 10.5
Tier 1 leverage capital                    
Company758,089
 9.34
 324,725
 4.0
 n/a
 n/a 4.0803,311
 9.54
 336,648
 4.0
 n/a
 n/a 4.0
Boston Private Bank694,201
 8.63
 321,920
 4.0
 402,400
 5.0 4.0745,051
 8.92
 334,029
 4.0
 417,537
 5.0 4.0
_____________________
n/a    not applicable____________________
(1)Required capital ratios with the fully phased-in capital conservation buffer added to the minimum risk-based capital ratios. The fully phased-in ratios are effective for 2019, with lower requirements during the transition years 2016 through 2018.2019.
The Company has sponsored the creation of two statutory trusts for the sole purpose of issuing trust preferred securities and investing the proceeds in junior subordinated debentures of the Company. In accordance with ASC 810-10-55, Consolidation - Overall - Implementation Guidance and Illustrations - Variable Interest Entities, these statutory trusts created by the Company are not consolidated into the Company’s financial statements; however, the Company reflects the amounts of junior subordinated debentures payable to the preferred stockholders of statutory trusts as debt in its financial statements. As of both June 30, 20182019 and December 31, 2017,2018, all $100.0 million of the net balance of these trust preferred securities qualified as Tier 1 capital.


Recent Accounting Pronouncements
See Part I. Item 1. “Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements - Note 14:15: Recent Accounting Pronouncements” for a description of upcoming changes to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States that may impact the Company.






Item 3.     Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
There have been no material changes in the Interest Rate Sensitivity and Market Risk as described in Part II. Item 7A. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures Aboutabout Market Risk – Interest Rate Sensitivity and Market Risk” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017.2018.


Item 4.     Controls and Procedures
(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures.
As required by Rule 13a-15 under the Exchange Act, the Company has evaluated, with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as of the end of the period covered by this report,Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures. In designing and evaluating the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, the Company and its management recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only a reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating and implementing possible controls and procedures.objectives.
Based on such evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of June 30, 20182019 in ensuring that material information required to be disclosed by the Company, including its consolidated subsidiaries, was made known to the certifying officers by others within the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms. On a quarterly basis, the Company evaluates the disclosure controls and procedures, and may from time to time make changes aimed at enhancing their effectiveness and to ensure that the Company’s systems evolve with its business.
(b) Change in internal controls over financial reporting.
There have been no changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2018,2019, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.






PART II. Other Information


Item 1.     Legal Proceedings
The Company is involved in various legal proceedings. In the opinion of management, final disposition of these proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition or results of operations of the Company.


Item 1A.     Risk Factors
Before deciding to invest in us or deciding to maintain or increase your investment, you should carefully consider the risks described in Part I. Item 1A. “Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 20172018 as filed with the SEC. There have been no material changes to these risk factors since the filing of that report. 


Item 2.     Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
There were no unregistered sales of equity securities of the Company in the second quarter of 2018.None.
There were no repurchases of the Company’s outstanding common shares in the second quarter of 2018.
On March 28, 2018, the Company received a notice of non-objection from the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston for a share repurchase program of up to $20 million of the Company’s outstanding common shares. Under the program, shares may be repurchased from time to time in the open market in amounts and at prices the Company deems appropriate, subject to market conditions and other considerations, for a two-year period. The program does not obligate the Company to purchase any shares. The repurchases will be funded from cash on hand, proceeds from potential debt or other capital markets sources. The share repurchase program may be suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice. The Company’s Board of Directors approved the program, subject to regulatory non-objection, on February 26, 2018.
The Company’s previous share repurchase program expired on February 28, 2018.



Item 3.     Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.


Item 4.     Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.


Item 5.     Other Information
None.




Item 6.     Exhibits
(a) Exhibits
Exhibit No.DescriptionIncorporated by Reference
Filed or
Furnished
with this
10-Q
Form
SEC Filing
Date
Exhibit
Number
31.1Filed
31.2Filed
32.1Furnished
32.2Furnished
101.INSXBRL Instance DocumentFiled
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema DocumentFiled
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase DocumentFiled
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase DocumentFiled
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase DocumentFiled
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase DocumentFiled
Exhibit No. Description Incorporated by Reference 
Filed or
Furnished
with this
10-Q
Form 
SEC Filing
Date
 
Exhibit
Number
 
10.1        Filed
10.2        Filed
10.3        Filed
10.4  8-K 5/13/2019 10.1  
31.1        Filed
31.2        Filed
32.1        Furnished
32.2        Furnished
101.INS 
XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document

       Filed
101.SCH XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document       Filed
101.CAL XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document       Filed
101.DEF XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document       Filed
101.LAB XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document       Filed
101.PRE XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document       Filed








SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
  
 BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC.
BOSTON PRIVATE FINANCIAL HOLDINGS, INC./s/    ANTHONY DECHELLIS
August 5, 2019Anthony DeChellis
Chief Executive Officer, President and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
  
 
/s/    CLAYTON G. DEUTSCHSTEVEN M. GAVEN
August 1, 2018Clayton G. Deutsch
Chief Executive Officer
/s/    STEVEN M. GAVEN
August 1, 20185, 2019Steven M. Gaven
 Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer




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