UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~March 28, 2021~~April 3, 2022


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 0-19655

TETRA TECH, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware						95-4148514
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

3475 East Foothill Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91107

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(626) 351-4664

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $0.01 par value

TTEK

The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☒

Accelerated filer

☐

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

As of April ~~19, 2021,~~25, 2022, ~~54,160,353~~53,683,323 shares of the registrant’s common stock were outstanding.

TETRA TECH, INC.

INDEX


PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	PAGE NO.

Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	3

	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of ~~March~~April 2 83 , ~~202~~1 2022 and ~~September 27, 2020~~October 3, 2021	3

	Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Six Months Ended ~~March~~April 2 83 , ~~202~~1 2022 and March 28 ~~29,~~, 20 202021	4

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three and Six Months Ended ~~March~~April 2 83 , ~~202~~1 2022 and March 28 ~~29, 20~~, 202021	5

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended April 3 , 2022 and March 2 8 , ~~202~~2 1 ~~and~~ ~~March~~ ~~29, 20~~20021	6

	Consolidated Statements of Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended ~~March~~A pril 2 83 , ~~202~~1 2022 and March 28 ~~29,~~, 20 2021	7

	Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	9

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2324

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	35

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	35

PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION	35

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	35

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	36

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	36

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	36

Item 6.	Exhibits	36

SIGNATURES		38

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Tetra Tech, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(unaudited - in thousands, except par value)


ASSETS	ASSETS	March 28, 2021		September 27, 2020		ASSETS	April 3, 2022		October 3, 2021
Current assets:	Current assets:					Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	225,330	$	157,515	Cash and cash equivalents	$	194,378	$	166,568
Accounts receivable, net	Accounts receivable, net	629,186		649,035		Accounts receivable, net	667,125		668,998
Contract assets	Contract assets	95,079		92,632		Contract assets	114,958		103,784
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	Prepaid expenses and other current assets	87,400		81,094		Prepaid expenses and other current assets	100,648		112,338
Income taxes receivable	Income taxes receivable	27,116		19,509		Income taxes receivable	4,517		14,260
Total current assets	Total current assets	1,064,111		999,785		Total current assets	1,081,626		1,065,948

Property and equipment, net	Property and equipment, net	37,423		35,507		Property and equipment, net	36,715		37,733
Right-of-use assets, operating leases	Right-of-use assets, operating leases	222,922		239,396		Right-of-use assets, operating leases	205,087		215,422
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures	Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures	7,700		7,332		Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures	4,605		3,282
Goodwill	Goodwill	1,029,573		993,498		Goodwill	1,158,623		1,108,578
Intangible assets, net	Intangible assets, net	8,923		13,943		Intangible assets, net	39,480		37,990
Deferred tax assets	Deferred tax assets	34,740		32,052		Deferred tax assets	59,272		54,413
Other long-term assets	Other long-term assets	49,670		57,045		Other long-term assets	60,217		53,196
Total assets	Total assets	$	2,455,062	$	2,378,558	Total assets	$	2,645,625	$	2,576,562

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY	LIABILITIES AND EQUITY					LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:	Current liabilities:					Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	Accounts payable	$	124,260	$	111,804	Accounts payable	$	128,683	$	128,767
Accrued compensation	Accrued compensation	179,025		199,801		Accrued compensation	183,340		206,322
Contract liabilities	Contract liabilities	185,602		171,905		Contract liabilities	224,978		190,403
Short-term lease liabilities, operating leases	Short-term lease liabilities, operating leases	68,941		69,650		Short-term lease liabilities, operating leases	64,789		67,452

Current portion of long-term debt and other short-term borrowings	Current portion of long-term debt and other short-term borrowings	28,885		49,264		Current portion of long-term debt and other short-term borrowings	12,503		12,504
Current contingent earn-out liabilities	Current contingent earn-out liabilities	17,492		16,142		Current contingent earn-out liabilities	27,517		19,520
Other current liabilities	Other current liabilities	192,497		174,890		Other current liabilities	213,381		223,515
Total current liabilities	Total current liabilities	796,702		793,456		Total current liabilities	855,191		848,483

Deferred tax liabilities	Deferred tax liabilities	18,152		16,316		Deferred tax liabilities	17,098		10,563
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	238,339		242,395		Long-term debt	237,500		200,000
Long-term lease liabilities, operating leases	Long-term lease liabilities, operating leases	179,645		191,955		Long-term lease liabilities, operating leases	165,630		174,285
Long-term contingent earn-out liabilities	Long-term contingent earn-out liabilities	11,166		16,475		Long-term contingent earn-out liabilities	51,551		39,777
Other long-term liabilities	Other long-term liabilities	63,830		80,588		Other long-term liabilities	74,013		69,163

Commitments and contingencies (Note 16)		0		0
Commitments and contingencies (Note 17)						Commitments and contingencies (Note 17)	0		0

Equity:	Equity:					Equity:
Preferred stock - authorized, 2,000 shares of $0.01 par value; 0 shares issued and outstanding at March 28, 2021 and September 27, 2020		0		0
Common stock - authorized, 150,000 shares of $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding, 54,158 and 53,797 shares at March 28, 2021 and September 27, 2020, respectively		542		538
Preferred stock - authorized, 2,000 shares of $0.01 par value; no shares issued and outstanding at April 3, 2022 and October 3, 2021						Preferred stock - authorized, 2,000 shares of $0.01 par value; no shares issued and outstanding at April 3, 2022 and October 3, 2021	—		—
Common stock - authorized, 150,000 shares of $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding, 53,683 and 53,981 shares at April 3, 2022 and October 3, 2021, respectively						Common stock - authorized, 150,000 shares of $0.01 par value; issued and outstanding, 53,683 and 53,981 shares at April 3, 2022 and October 3, 2021, respectively	537��		540

Accumulated other comprehensive loss	Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(115,056)		(161,786)		Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(115,303)		(125,028)
Retained earnings	Retained earnings	1,261,661		1,198,567		Retained earnings	1,359,367		1,358,726
Tetra Tech stockholders’ equity	Tetra Tech stockholders’ equity	1,147,147		1,037,319		Tetra Tech stockholders’ equity	1,244,601		1,234,238
Noncontrolling interests	Noncontrolling interests	81		54		Noncontrolling interests	41		53
Total stockholders' equity	Total stockholders' equity	1,147,228		1,037,373		Total stockholders' equity	1,244,642		1,234,291
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	2,455,062	$	2,378,558	Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	2,645,625	$	2,576,562

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Tetra Tech, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Income

(unaudited – in thousands, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021		April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021
Revenue	$	852,744	$	754,764	$	1,711,255	$	1,519,868
Subcontractor costs	(153,103)		(154,939)		(332,280)		(314,873)
Other costs of revenue	(564,468)		(487,341)		(1,104,035)		(976,201)
Gross profit	135,173		112,484		274,940		228,794
Selling, general and administrative expenses	(60,653)		(51,677)		(113,200)		(101,735)


Income from operations	74,520		60,807		161,740		127,059
Interest expense, net	(3,144)		(2,823)		(6,048)		(5,849)
Income before income tax expense	71,376		57,984		155,692		121,210
Income tax expense	(18,327)		(12,456)		(34,144)		(23,234)
Net income	53,049		45,528		121,548		97,976
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(9)		(11)		(19)		(23)
Net income attributable to Tetra Tech	$	53,040	$	45,517	$	121,529	$	97,953
Earnings per share attributable to Tetra Tech:
Basic	$	0.99	$	0.84	$	2.25	$	1.81
Diluted	$	0.98	$	0.83	$	2.23	$	1.79
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic	53,834		54,187		53,916		54,085
Diluted	54,346		54,736		54,492		54,715

Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
March 28,
2021 March 29,
2020 March 28,
2021 March 29,
2020
Revenue $ 754,764 $ 734,133 $ 1,519,868 $ 1,531,756
Subcontractor costs (154,939) (149,673) (314,873) (333,274)
Other costs of revenue (487,341) (487,460) (976,201) (991,745)
Gross profit 112,484 97,000 228,794 206,737
Selling, general and administrative expenses (51,907) (51,041) (101,928) (97,476)
Contingent consideration – fair value adjustments 230 1,571 193 1,571
Income from operations 60,807 47,530 127,059 110,832
Interest expense (2,823) (3,501) (5,849) (6,849)
Income before income tax expense 57,984 44,029 121,210 103,983
Income tax expense (12,456) (7,616) (23,234) (20,253)
Net income 45,528 36,413 97,976 83,730
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests (11) (16) (23) (23)
Net income attributable to Tetra Tech $ 45,517 $ 36,397 $ 97,953 $ 83,707
Earnings per share attributable to Tetra Tech:
Basic $ 0.84 $ 0.67 $ 1.81 $ 1.53
Diluted $ 0.83 $ 0.66 $ 1.79 $ 1.51
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic 54,187 54,699 54,085 54,541
Diluted 54,736 55,463 54,715 55,380

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Tetra Tech, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(unaudited – in thousands)


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021		April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021
Net income	$	53,049	$	45,528	$	121,548	$	97,976

Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax	2,807		10,975		2,121		43,368
Gain on cash flow hedge valuations, net of tax	4,938		1,890		7,604		3,366
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	7,745		12,865		9,725		46,734

Comprehensive income, net of tax	$	60,794	$	58,393	$	131,273	$	144,710
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax	10		13		19		27
Comprehensive income attributable to Tetra Tech, net of tax	$	60,784	$	58,380	$	131,254	$	144,683

Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
March 28,
2021 March 29,
2020 March 28,
2021 March 29,
2020
Net income $ 45,528 $ 36,413 $ 97,976 $ 83,730
Other comprehensive income, net of tax
Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of tax
10,975 (47,015) 43,368 (33,114)
Gain (loss) on cash flow hedge valuations, net of tax 1,890 (7,365) 3,366 (5,695)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax 12,865 (54,380) 46,734 (38,809)
Comprehensive income (loss), net of tax $ 58,393 $ (17,967) $ 144,710 $ 44,921
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax 13 12 27 21
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Tetra Tech, net of tax $ 58,380 $ (17,979) $ 144,683 $ 44,900

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Tetra Tech, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(unaudited – in thousands)

Six Months Ended
March 28,
2021 March 29,
2020
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 97,976 $ 83,730
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 11,524 12,809
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures (1,872) (3,333)
Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated joint ventures 1,622 2,467
Amortization of stock-based awards 10,566 9,437
Deferred income taxes 350 3,153
Provision for losses from uncollectible receivables (1,538) 539
Fair value adjustments to contingent consideration (193) (1,571)
Gain on sale of property and equipment (66) (3,523)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of business acquisitions:
Accounts receivable and contract assets 35,415 104,388
Prepaid expenses and other assets 18,091 5,317
Accounts payable 12,063 (89,630)
Accrued compensation (20,524) (44,690)
Contract liabilities 9,957 24,130
Other liabilities (5,528) (14,129)
Income taxes receivable/payable (10,419) (5,895)
Net cash provided by operating activities 157,424 83,199
Cash flows from investing activities:
Payments for business acquisitions, net of cash acquired (3,065) (27,739)
Capital expenditures (4,297) (5,876)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment 79 6,316
Net cash used in investing activities (7,283) (27,299)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from borrowings 141,628 243,364
Repayments on long-term debt (146,250) (174,730)
Repurchases of common stock (30,000) (81,660)
Taxes paid on vested restricted stock (17,488) (10,857)
Stock options exercised 9,771 7,927
Bank overdrafts (21,121) 2,737
Dividends paid (18,410) (16,414)
Payments of contingent earn-out liabilities (8,037) (9,624)
Principal payments on finance leases (1,222) 0
Net cash used in financing activities (91,129) (39,257)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 8,803 (2,409)
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 67,815 14,234
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period 157,515 120,901
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period $ 225,330 $ 135,135
Supplemental information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest $ 5,412 $ 6,510
Income taxes, net of refunds received of $1.1 million and $0.5 million $ 30,832 $ 23,437
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 225,330 $ 134,981
Restricted cash 0 154
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash $ 225,330 $ 135,135


	Six Months Ended
	April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	121,548	$	97,976
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	12,662		11,524
Equity in income of unconsolidated joint ventures	(3,760)		(1,872)
Distributions of earnings from unconsolidated joint ventures	2,506		1,622
Amortization of stock-based awards	12,392		10,566

Deferred income taxes	494		350

Fair value adjustments to contingent consideration	199		(193)
Loss (gain) on sale of property and equipment	178		(66)

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of business acquisitions:
Accounts receivable and contract assets	(862)		33,877
Prepaid expenses and other assets	12,977		18,091
Accounts payable	(632)		12,063
Accrued compensation	(25,725)		(20,524)
Contract liabilities	34,529		9,957
Other liabilities	4,426		(5,528)

Income taxes receivable/payable	6,617		(10,419)
Net cash provided by operating activities	177,549		157,424
Cash flows from investing activities:
Payments for business acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(33,611)		(3,065)
Capital expenditures	(5,620)		(4,297)
Proceeds from sales of divested business	3,124		—
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment	541		79

Net cash used in investing activities	(35,566)		(7,283)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from borrowings	141,456		141,628

Repayments on long-term debt	(105,824)		(146,250)


Bank overdrafts	—		(21,121)
Repurchases of common stock	(100,000)		(30,000)
Taxes paid on vested restricted stock	(25,055)		(17,488)
Stock options exercised	1,205		9,771
Dividends paid	(21,562)		(18,410)
Payments of contingent earn-out liabilities	(4,035)		(8,037)
Principal payments on finance leases	(1,979)		(1,222)
Net cash used in financing activities	(115,794)		(91,129)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	1,621		8,803
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	27,810		67,815
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	166,568		157,515
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	194,378	$	225,330
Supplemental information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$	5,141	$	5,412
Income taxes, net of refunds received of $2.4 million and $1.1 million	$	25,476	$	30,832

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Tetra Tech, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity

Three Months Ended March ~~29, 2020~~28, 2021 and ~~March 28, 2021~~April 03, 2022

(unaudited – in thousands)


	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Retained Earnings		Total Tetra Tech Equity		Non-Controlling Interests		Total Equity
	Shares	Amount
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 27, 2020	54,193	$	542	$	—	$	(127,919)	$	1,232,563	$	1,105,186	$	68	$	1,105,254
Net income								45,517		45,517		11		45,528
Other comprehensive income						12,863				12,863		2		12,865

Cash dividends of $0.17 per common share								(9,212)		(9,212)				(9,212)
Stock-based compensation				5,668						5,668				5,668
Restricted & performance shares released	2	—		(158)						(158)				(158)
Stock options exercised	77	1		2,274						2,275				2,275
Shares issued for Employee Stock Purchase Plan	—	—		8						8				8
Stock repurchases	(114)	(1)		(7,792)				(7,207)		(15,000)				(15,000)
BALANCE AT MARCH 28, 2021	54,158	$	542	$	—	$	(115,056)	$	1,261,661	$	1,147,147	$	81	$	1,147,228

BALANCE AT JANUARY 2, 2022	53,999	$	540	$	—	$	(123,048)	$	1,360,390	$	1,237,882	$	63	$	1,237,945
Net income								53,040		53,040		9		53,049
Other comprehensive income						7,745				7,745		—		7,745
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests										—		(31)		(31)
Cash dividends of $0.20 per common share								(10,769)		(10,769)				(10,769)
Stock-based compensation				529				6,035		6,564				6,564
Restricted & performance shares released	3	—		(107)				1		(106)				(106)
Stock options exercised	9	—		244						244				244
Shares issued for Employee Stock Purchase Plan	—	—		1						1				1
Stock repurchases	(328)	(3)		(667)				(49,330)		(50,000)				(50,000)
BALANCE AT APRIL 3, 2022	53,683	$	537	$	—	$	(115,303)	$	1,359,367	$	1,244,601	$	41	$	1,244,642

Common Stock Additional
Paid-in
Capital Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss Retained
Earnings Total
Tetra Tech
Equity Non-Controlling
Interests Total
Equity
Shares Amount
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 29, 2019 54,728 $ 547 $ 60,747 $ (145,015) $ 1,110,312 $ 1,026,591 $ 174 $ 1,026,765
Net income 36,397 36,397 16 36,413
Other comprehensive loss (54,376) (54,376) (4) (54,380)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests — (56) (56)
Cash dividends of $0.15 per common share (8,224) (8,224) (8,224)
Stock-based compensation 4,955 4,955 4,955
Restricted & performance shares released 30 1 (281) (280) (280)
Stock options exercised 215 2 6,511 6,513 6,513
Stock repurchases (831) (9) (61,459) (61,468) (61,468)
BALANCE AT MARCH 29, 2020 54,142 $ 541 $ 10,473 $ (199,391) $ 1,138,485 $ 950,108 $ 130 $ 950,238
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 27, 2020 54,193 $ 542 $ 0 $ (127,919) $ 1,232,563 $ 1,105,186 $ 68 $ 1,105,254
Net income 45,517 45,517 11 45,528
Other comprehensive income 12,863 12,863 2 12,865
Cash dividends of $0.17 per common share (9,212) (9,212) (9,212)
Stock-based compensation 5,668 5,668 5,668
Restricted & performance shares released 2 — (158) (158) (158)
Stock options exercised 77 1 2,274 2,275 2,275
Shares issued for Employee Stock Purchase Plan — — 8 8 8
Stock repurchases (114) (1) (7,792) (7,207) (15,000) (15,000)
BALANCE AT MARCH 28, 2021 54,158 $ 542 $ 0 $ (115,056) $ 1,261,661 $ 1,147,147 $ 81 $ 1,147,228

Tetra Tech, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity

Six ~~Months Ended March 29, 2020 and~~months ended March 28, 2021 and April 03, 2022

(unaudited – in thousands)


		Common Stock			Additional Paid-in Capital				Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Retained Earnings				Total Tetra Tech Equity		Non-Controlling Interests				Total Equity			Common Stock						Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Retained Earnings			Total Tetra Tech Equity				Non-Controlling Interests			Total Equity
		Shares	Amount
BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 29, 2019		54,565	$	546			$	78,132					$	(160,584)					$	1,071,192					$	989,286		$	178		$	989,464
Net income											83,707				83,707		23				83,730
Other comprehensive loss									(38,807)						(38,807)		(2)				(38,809)
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests															—		(69)				(69)
Cash dividends of $0.30 per common share											(16,414)				(16,414)						(16,414)
Stock-based compensation					9,437										9,437						9,437
Restricted & performance shares released		215	2		(11,100)										(11,098)						(11,098)
Stock options exercised		269	3		7,924										7,927						7,927
Shares issued for Employee Stock Purchase Plan		168	1		8,714										8,715						8,715
Stock repurchases		(1,075)	(11)		(82,634)										(82,645)						(82,645)
BALANCE AT MARCH 29, 2020		54,142	$	541	$	10,473			$	(199,391)	$	1,138,485			$	950,108	$	130			$	950,238
																								Shares			Amount			Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Retained Earnings			Total Tetra Tech Equity				Non-Controlling Interests			Total Equity
BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 27, 2020	BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 27, 2020	53,797	$	538	$	0			$	(161,786)	$	1,198,567			$	1,037,319	$	54			$	1,037,373	BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 27, 2020	53,797			$	538
Net income	Net income										97,953				97,953		23				97,976		Net income															97,953				97,953			23				97,976
Other comprehensive income	Other comprehensive income								46,730						46,730		4				46,734		Other comprehensive income												46,730							46,730			4				46,734

Cash dividends of $0.34 per common share	Cash dividends of $0.34 per common share										(18,410)				(18,410)						(18,410)		Cash dividends of $0.34 per common share													(18,410)			(18,410)							(18,410)
Stock-based compensation	Stock-based compensation				10,566										10,566						10,566		Stock-based compensation									10,566									10,566							10,566
Restricted & performance shares released	Restricted & performance shares released	211	2		(17,490)										(17,488)						(17,488)		Restricted & performance shares released	211			2			(17,490)									(17,488)							(17,488)
Stock options exercised	Stock options exercised	275	3		9,768										9,771						9,771		Stock options exercised	275			3			9,768									9,771							9,771
Shares issued for Employee Stock Purchase Plan	Shares issued for Employee Stock Purchase Plan	124	1		10,705										10,706						10,706		Shares issued for Employee Stock Purchase Plan	124			1			10,705									10,706							10,706
Stock repurchases	Stock repurchases	(249)	(2)		(13,549)						(16,449)				(30,000)						(30,000)		Stock repurchases	(249)			(2)			(13,549)						$	(16,449)		(30,000)							(30,000)

BALANCE AT MARCH 28, 2021	BALANCE AT MARCH 28, 2021	54,158	$	542	$	0			$	(115,056)	$	1,261,661			$	1,147,147	$	81			$	1,147,228	BALANCE AT MARCH 28, 2021	54,158			$	542		$	—		$	(115,056)		$	1,261,661		$	1,147,147			$	81		$	1,147,228

BALANCE AT OCTOBER 3, 2021																							BALANCE AT OCTOBER 3, 2021	53,981			$	540		$	—		$	(125,028)		$	1,358,726		$	1,234,238			$	53		$	1,234,291
Net income																							Net income													121,529			121,529				19			121,548
Other comprehensive income																							Other comprehensive income										9,725						9,725							9,725
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests																							Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests																—				(31)			(31)
Cash dividends of $0.40 per common share																							Cash dividends of $0.40 per common share													(21,562)			(21,562)							(21,562)
Stock-based compensation																							Stock-based compensation							6,357						6,035			12,392							12,392
Restricted & performance shares released																							Restricted & performance shares released	185			2			(19,023)						(6,034)			(25,055)							(25,055)
Stock options exercised																							Stock options exercised	29			—			1,205									1,205							1,205
Shares issued for Employee Stock Purchase Plan																							Shares issued for Employee Stock Purchase Plan	106			1			12,128									12,129							12,129
Stock repurchases																							Stock repurchases	(618)			(6)			(667)						(99,327)			(100,000)							(100,000)

BALANCE AT APRIL 3, 2022																							BALANCE AT APRIL 3, 2022	53,683			$	537		$	—		$	(115,303)		$	1,359,367		$	1,244,601			$	41		$	1,244,642

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

TETRA TECH, INC.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes of Tetra Tech, Inc. (“we,” “us,” “our” or "Tetra Tech") have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X. They do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements and, therefore, should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended ~~September 27, 2020.~~October 3, 2021.

These financial statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments that are considered necessary for a fair statement of our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results of operations and cash flows for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year or for future years. ~~Certain reclassifications were made~~

Beginning in fiscal 2022, we aligned our operations to ~~the prior~~better serve our clients and markets, and created a new High Performance Buildings ("HPB") division in our Commercial/International Services Group ("CIG") reportable segment. As a result, we transferred some related operations in our Government Services Group ("GSG") reportable segment to our CIG reportable segment. Prior year amounts for reportable segments have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

2. Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In ~~June 2016,~~December 2019, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ~~updated guidance,~~ Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-13, related to the measurement of credit losses for certain financial assets. This guidance replaces the current incurred loss methodology with an expected credit loss methodology. It requires us to recognize an allowance equal to our current estimate of all contractual cash flows that we do not expect to collect. Our estimate would consider relevant information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts impacting the collectability of the reported amounts. We adopted this guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2021, and the adoption did not have a material ~~impact on our consolidated financial statements.~~

In August 2018, the FASB issued updated guidance modifying certain fair value measurement disclosures. The guidance contains additional disclosures to enable users of the financial statements to better understand the entity’s assumptions used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurements, but also eliminates the requirement for entities to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 investments within the fair value hierarchy. We adopted this guidance in the first quarter of fiscal 2021, and the adoption did not have a material ~~impact on our consolidated financial statements.~~

~~In December 2019, the FASB issued guidance simplifying~~2019-12, which simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to general principles in Topic 740 and amending certain existing guidance for ~~clarity. This~~clarity. We adopted this guidance ~~is effective for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020 (first~~in the first quarter of fiscal 2022, ~~for us). Early adoption is permitted. We do not expect~~and the adoption ~~of this guidance to~~did not have ~~a material~~an impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In May 2020, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued guidance amending certain financial disclosures about acquired and disposed businesses. The amendments are designed to assist registrants in making more meaningful determinations of whether a subsidiary or an acquired or disposed business is significant, and to improve the related disclosure requirements. ~~The~~We adopted this guidance ~~is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2020 (first~~in the first quarter of fiscal 2022, and the adoption did not have an impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, which requires the recognition and measurement of contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, "Revenue from Contracts with Customers" ("ASC 606"). Considerations to determine the amount of contract assets and contract liabilities to record at the acquisition date include the terms of the acquired contract, such as timing of payment, identification of each performance obligation in the contract and allocation of the contract transaction price to each identified performance obligation on a relative standalone selling price basis as of contract inception. ASU 2021-08 is effective for ~~us).~~ us beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2023. ASU 2021-08 should be applied prospectively for acquisitions occurring on or after the effective date of the amendments. Early adoption of the proposed amendments would be permitted, including adoption in an interim period. We are currently assessing the impact this standard will have on our consolidated financial statements.

In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-10, Government Assistance (Topic 832), which requires disclosures for transactions with a government authority that are accounted for by applying a grant or contribution model by analogy, including (1) the types of transactions, (2) the accounting for those transactions, and (3) the effect of those transactions on an entity's financial statements. ASU 2021-10 is effective for us beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2023, with early adoption permitted. This guidance should be applied prospectively to all transactions that are reflected in the financial statements at the date of initial application and to new transactions that are entered into after that date, or retrospectively. We do not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

3. Revenue and Contract Balances

Disaggregation of Revenue

We disaggregate revenue by client sector and contract type, as we believe it best depicts how the nature, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. The following tables present revenue disaggregated by client sector and contract type:


		Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended					Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020			April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021		April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021
		(in thousands)									(in thousands)
Client Sector:	Client Sector:									Client Sector:
U.S. state and local government	U.S. state and local government	$	129,781	$	103,671	$	254,747	$	227,507	U.S. state and local government	$	156,032	$	129,781	$	315,040	$	254,747
U.S. federal government (1)	U.S. federal government (1)	267,696		243,261		533,561		488,564		U.S. federal government (1)	253,272		267,696		520,069		533,561
U.S. commercial	U.S. commercial	143,702		160,787		301,508		342,278		U.S. commercial	171,741		143,702		348,646		301,508
International (2)	International (2)	213,585		226,414		430,052		473,407		International (2)	271,699		213,585		527,500		430,052
Total	Total	$	754,764	$	734,133	$	1,519,868	$	1,531,756	Total	$	852,744	$	754,764	$	1,711,255	$	1,519,868

Contract Type:	Contract Type:									Contract Type:
Fixed-price	Fixed-price	$	272,118	$	255,613	$	546,551	$	526,668	Fixed-price	$	316,304	$	272,118	$	647,552	$	546,551
Time-and-materials	Time-and-materials	347,197		350,618		702,438		738,776		Time-and-materials	408,051		347,197		803,700		702,438
Cost-plus	Cost-plus	135,449		127,902		270,879		266,312		Cost-plus	128,389		135,449		260,003		270,879
Total	Total	$	754,764	$	734,133	$	1,519,868	$	1,531,756	Total	$	852,744	$	754,764	$	1,711,255	$	1,519,868

(1) Includes revenue generated under U.S. federal government contracts performed outside the United States.

(2) Includes revenue generated from foreign operations, primarily in Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, and revenue generated from non-U.S. clients.

Other than the U.S. federal government, no single client accounted for more than 10% of our revenue for the three and six months ended April 3, 2022 and March 28, ~~2021 and March 29, 2020.~~2021.

Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities

We invoice customers based on the contractual terms of each contract. However, the timing of revenue recognition may differ from the timing of invoice issuance.

Contract assets represent revenue recognized in excess of the amounts for which we have the contractual right to bill our customers. Such amounts are recoverable from customers based upon various measures of performance, including achievement of certain milestones or completion of a contract. In addition, many of our time and materials arrangements are billed in arrears pursuant to contract terms that are standard within the industry, resulting in contract assets and/or unbilled receivables being recorded, as revenue is recognized in advance of billings. Contract retentions, included in contract assets, represent amounts withheld by clients until certain conditions are met or the project is completed, which may extend beyond one year.

Contract liabilities consist of billings in excess of revenue recognized. Contract liabilities decrease as we recognize revenue from the satisfaction of the related performance obligation and increase as billings in advance of revenue recognition occur. Contract assets and liabilities are reported in a net position on a contract-by-contract basis at the end of each reporting period. There were no substantial non-current contract assets or liabilities for the periods presented. Net contract assets/liabilities consisted of the following:


		Balance at					Balance at
		March 28, 2021		September 27, 2020			April 3, 2022		October 3, 2021
		(in thousands)					(in thousands)
Contract assets (1)	Contract assets (1)	$	95,079	$	92,632	Contract assets (1)	$	114,958	$	103,784
Contract liabilities	Contract liabilities	(185,602)		(171,905)		Contract liabilities	(224,978)		(190,403)
Net contract liabilities	Net contract liabilities	$	(90,523)	$	(79,273)	Net contract liabilities	$	(110,020)	$	(86,619)

(1) ~~Includes~~Inclu ~~$7.4~~des $18.8 million and ~~$12.3~~$12.2 million of contract retentions as of ~~March 28,~~April 3, 2022 and October 3, 2021, ~~and September 27, 2020,~~ respectively.

In the first ~~half~~halves of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, we recognized revenue of ~~approximate~~lyapproximately $93 million and $90 million ~~and~~ ~~$105 million,~~, respectively, from amounts included in the contract liability balances at the end of fiscal 2021 and 2020, ~~and 2019,~~ respectively.

We recognize revenue primarily using the cost-to-cost measure of progress to estimate progress towards completion. Changes in those estimates could result in the recognition of cumulative catch-up adjustments to the contract’s inception-to-date revenue, costs and profit in the period in which such changes are made. As a result, we recognized net favorable revenue and operating income adjustments of ~~$1.1 million in the first half of fiscal 2021 (all in the second quarter) compared to a net unfavorable adjustment of $2.8~~$5.0 million in the first half of fiscal ~~2020 (all~~2022 and $1.1 million in the ~~second quarter).~~ first half of fiscal 2021.

Changes in revenue and cost estimates could also result in a projected loss, determined at the contract level, which would be recorded ~~immediately~~immediately in earnings. As of ~~March 28,~~April 3, 2022 and October 3, 2021, ~~and September 27, 2020,~~ our consolidated balance sheets included liabilities for anticipated losses of ~~$9.5~~$11.6 million and ~~$13.2~~$12.7 million,, respectively. The estimated cost to complete these related contracts as of ~~March 28,~~April 3, 2022 and October 3, 2021 ~~and September 27, 2020~~ was ~~approximately $95~~approximately $88 million and ~~$118~~$104 million, respectively.

Accounts Receivable, Net

Net accounts receivable consisted of the following:


		Balance at					Balance at
		March 28, 2021		September 27, 2020			April 3, 2022		October 3, 2021
		(in thousands)					(in thousands)
Billed	Billed	$	380,522	$	402,818	Billed	$	420,094	$	432,814
Unbilled	Unbilled	253,784		253,364		Unbilled	251,679		240,536
Total accounts receivable	Total accounts receivable	634,306		656,182		Total accounts receivable	671,773		673,350
Allowance for doubtful accounts	Allowance for doubtful accounts	(5,120)		(7,147)		Allowance for doubtful accounts	(4,648)		(4,352)
Total accounts receivable, net	Total accounts receivable, net	$	629,186	$	649,035	Total accounts receivable, net	$	667,125	$	668,998

Billed accounts receivable represent amounts billed to clients that have not been collected. Unbilled accounts receivable, which represent an unconditional right to payment subject only to the passage of time, include unbilled amounts typically resulting from revenue recognized but not yet billed pursuant to contract terms or billed after the period end date. Substantially all of our unbilled receivables at ~~March 28, 2021~~April 3, 2022 are expected to be billed and collected within 12 months. The allowance for doubtful accounts represents amounts that are expected to become uncollectible or unrealizable in the future. We determine an estimated allowance for uncollectible accounts based on management's consideration of trends in the actual and forecasted credit quality of our clients, including delinquency and payment history; type of client, such as a government agency or a commercial sector client; and general economic and industry conditions, including the potential impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 ("COVID-19") pandemic, that may affect our clients' ability to pay.

Total accounts receivable at ~~March 28,~~April 3, 2022 and October 3, 2021 ~~and September 27, 2020~~ included approximately $11 million ~~for~~for each period, ~~(all in our Remediation Construction Management ("RCM") segment),~~ related to claims, including requests for equitable adjustment, on contracts that provide for price ~~redeterminat~~redetermination. This amount relates to a single claim in our RCM reportable segment. ~~ion~~In May 2022, we received a cash settlement for the $11 million claim in our RCM segment, which will result in an immaterial gain in the third quarter of fiscal 2022. . Claims are amounts in excess of agreed contract prices that we seek to collect from our clients or other third parties for delays, errors in specifications and designs, contract terminations, change orders in dispute or unapproved as to both scope and price, or other causes of unanticipated additional costs. Factors considered in determining whether revenue associated with claims (including change orders in dispute and unapproved change orders in regards to both scope and price) should be recognized include the following: (a) the contract or other evidence provides a legal basis for the claim, (b) additional costs were caused by circumstances that were unforeseen at the contract date and not the result of deficiencies in our performance, (c) claim-related costs are identifiable and considered reasonable in view of the work performed, and (d) evidence supporting the claim is objective and verifiable. This can lead to a situation in which costs are recognized in one period and revenue is recognized in a subsequent period when a client agreement is obtained, or a claims resolution occurs.

We regularly evaluate all unsettled claim amounts and record appropriate adjustments to revenue when it is probable that the claim will result in a different contract value than the amount previously estimated.In the first ~~half~~halves of fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, ~~(all in the second quarter),~~ we ~~recognized increases to revenue and related gains of $2.8 million in our Commercial/International Services Group ("CIG"). We~~ recorded no ~~material~~ gains or losses related to ~~claims in the first half of fiscal 2020.~~claims.

NoOther than the U.S. federal government, no single client accounted for more than 10% of our accounts receivable at ~~March 28, 2021~~ April 3, 2022 and ~~September 27, 2020.~~October 3, 2021.

Remaining Unsatisfied Performance Obligations (“~~RUPOs”~~RUPO”)

Our ~~RUPOs represent~~RUPO represents a measure of the total dollar value of work to be performed on contracts awarded and in progress. We ~~had~~h ~~$3.1~~ad $3.6 billion of RU~~POs~~RUPO as of ~~March 28, 2021.~~ ~~RUPOs increase~~April 3, 2022. RUPO increases with awards from new contracts or additions on existing contracts and ~~decrease~~decreases as work is performed and revenue is recognized on existing contracts. ~~RUPOs~~RUPO may also decrease when projects are canceled or modified in scope. We include a contract within our ~~RUPOs~~RUPO when the contract is awarded and an agreement on contract terms has been reached.

We expect to satisfy our ~~RUPOs~~RUPO as of ~~March 28, 2021~~April 3, 2022 over the following periods:


	Amount
	(in thousands)
Within 12 months	$	~~1,828,946~~2,171,878
Beyond	~~1,298,902~~1,418,218
Total	$	~~3,127,848~~3,590,096

Although ~~RUPOs reflect~~RUPO reflects business that is considered to be firm, cancellations, deferrals or scope adjustments may occur. ~~RUPOs are~~RUPO is adjusted to reflect any known project cancellations, revisions to project scope and cost, foreign currency exchange fluctuations and project deferrals, as appropriate. Our operations and maintenance contracts can generally be terminated by the clients without a substantive financial penalty. Therefore, the remaining performance obligations on such contracts are limited to the notice period required for the termination (usually 30, 60, or 90 days).

4. Acquisitions

In the second quarter of fiscal 2022, we acquired Piteau Associates (“PAE”), based in Vancouver, British Columbia. PAE is a global leader in sustainable natural resource analytics including hydrologic numerical modeling and dewatering system design. PAE is part of our Commercial/International Services Group (“CIG”) segment. During the first half of fiscal 2022, we completed other immaterial acquisitions, which are part of our GSG segment. The total fair value of the purchase price of all acquisitions during the first half of fiscal 2022 was $70.0 million. This amount is comprised of $44.0 million in initial cash payments made to the sellers, $1.8 million of payables related to estimated post-closing adjustments for net assets acquired, and $24.2 million for the estimated fair value of contingent earn-out obligations, with a maximum of $35.5 million, based upon the achievement of specified operating income targets in each of the five years following the acquisitions.

In fiscal 2021, we acquired ~~a small company,~~ Coanda Research and Development Corporation ("CRD"), The Kaizen Company (“KZN”), IBRA-RMAC Automation Solutions (“IRM”), and the partnership interests of Hoare Lea, LLP and Subsidiaries ("HLE"). CRD is based in Burnaby, British ~~Columbia. CRD~~Columbia and provides ~~high-end~~world-class expertise in computational fluid dynamics and utilizes industry-leading capabilities to solve complex engineering science problems for commercial customers, across a broad range of ~~industries~~industries. KZN is based in Washington, DC and provides international development advisory and management consulting services offering a suite of innovative tools that support advanced solutions in health, education, governance, peace and stability, and sustainable economic growth. IRM is based in San Diego, California, and provides digital water transformation consulting services and an innovative suite of tools to address complex water system modernization challenges. HLE is a leader in sustainable engineering design based in Bristol, United Kingdom. It was established in 1862 and is an award-winning high-end consultancy firm in the United Kingdom, with more than 900 employees, providing innovative solutions to complex engineering and design challenges for sustainable infrastructure and high performance buildings. CRD and HLE are part of our CIG ~~segment.~~

~~In the second quarter of fiscal 2020, we acquired Segue Technologies, Inc. ("SEG"), a leading information technology management consulting firm based in Arlington, Virginia. SEG is~~segment, and KZN and IRM are part of our ~~Government Services Group ("GSG")~~GSG segment. The total fair value of the purchase price w~~as $40.9~~for these acquisitions was $151.7 million. T~~his~~This amount was comprised of ~~$29.6~~$101.4 million in initial cash payments made to the sellers, and ~~$11.3~~$50.3 million for the estimated fair value of contingent earn-out obligations, with a maximum of ~~$20.0~~$74.0 million, based upon the achievement of specified operating income targets in each of the three to four years following the ~~acquisition.~~acquisitions.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, we acquired BlueWater Federal Solutions, Inc. ("BWF"), a leading information technology management consulting firm based in Chantilly, Virginia. BWF is part of our GSG segment. The fair value of the purchase price w~~as $47.7 million. T~~his amount was comprised of $41.8 million in initial cash payments made to the sellers, $0.7 million of payables related to estimated post-closing adjustments for net assets acquired, and $5.2 million for the estimated fair value of contingent earn-out obligations, with a maximum of $8.0 million, based upon the achievement of specified operating income targets in each of the three years following the acquisition.

Goodwill additions resulting from ~~the acquisition of CRD is~~fiscal 2022 business combinations are primarily attributable to the significant technical expertise residing in an embedded ~~workforce~~workforces that isare sought out by clients, long-term management experience, the reputation of PAE in its industry, and the synergies expected to arise after the ~~acquisition. The fiscal 2020 goodwill additions represent the value of a workforce with distinct expertise in the high-end information technology field,~~acquisitions in the areas of data ~~analytics,~~management, digitization, modeling, water, and ~~simulation, cloud,~~natural resources. The fiscal 2021 goodwill additions represent the significant technical expertise residing in embedded workforces that are sought out by clients and ~~agile software development.~~the long-standing reputation of HLE. In addition, these acquired capabilities, when combined with our ~~existing~~existing global consulting and engineering business, result in opportunities that allow us to provide services under contracts that could not have been pursued individually by either us or the acquired companies. The results of these acquisitions were included in our consolidated financial statements from their respective closing dates. These acquisitions were not considered material, individually or in the aggregate, to our consolidated financial statements. As a result, no pro forma information has been provided.

Backlog, client relations and trade name intangible assets include the fair value of existing contracts and the underlying customer relationships with lives ranging from one to ten years, and trade names with lives ranging from three to five years. For detailed information regarding our intangible assets, see Note 5, “Goodwill and Intangible Assets”.

Most of our acquisition agreements include contingent earn-out agreements, which are generally based on the achievement of future operating income thresholds. The contingent earn-out arrangements are based on our valuations of the acquired companies and reduce the risk of overpaying for acquisitions if the projected financial results are not achieved. The fair values of any earn-out arrangements are included as part of the purchase price of the acquired companies on their respective acquisition dates. For each transaction, we estimate the fair value of contingent earn-out payments as part of the initial purchase price and record the estimated fair value of contingent consideration as a liability in “Current contingent earn-out liabilities” and “Long-term contingent earn-out liabilities” on the consolidated balance sheets. We consider several factors when determining that contingent earn-out liabilities are part of the purchase price, including the following: (1) the valuation of our acquisitions is not supported solely by the initial consideration paid, and the contingent earn-out formula is a critical and material component of the valuation approach to determining the purchase price; and (2) the former owners of acquired companies that remain as key employees receive compensation other than contingent earn-out payments at a reasonable level compared with the compensation of our other key employees. The contingent earn-out payments are not affected by employment termination.

We measure our contingent earn-out liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. We use a probability-weighted discounted income approach as a valuation technique to convert future estimated cash flows to a single present value amount. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements are operating income projections over the earn-out period (generally ~~two~~three ~~or three~~to five years), and the probability outcome percentages we assign to each scenario. Significant increases or decreases to either of these inputs in isolation would result in a significantly higher or lower liability, with a higher liability capped by the contractual maximum of the contingent earn-out obligation. Ultimately, the liability will be equivalent to the amount paid, and the difference between the fair value estimate and amount paid will be recorded in earnings. The amount paid that is less than or equal to the contingent earn-out liability on the acquisition date is reflected as cash used in financing activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows. Any amount paid in excess of the contingent earn-out liability on the acquisition date is reflected as cash used in operating activities in our consolidated statements of cash flows.

We ~~evaluated our~~review and re-assess the estimated fair value of contingent consideration ~~liabilities for each individual acquisition~~ on a quarterly basis, ~~which included a review of their financial results to-date, the status of ongoing projects in their RUPOs,~~ and the inventory of prospective new contract awards. We also considered the potential impact of the global economic disruption due to the COVID-19 pandemic on our operating income projections over the various earn-out periods. The updated fair value could differ materially from the initial estimates. Changes in the estimated fair value of our contingent earn-out liabilities related to the time component of the present value calculation are reported in interest expense. ~~During~~Adjustments to the estimated fair value related to changes in all other unobservable inputs are reported in operating income. In the first half of fiscal 2022, we evaluated our estimates for contingent consideration liabilities for the remaining earn-out periods for each individual acquisition, which included a review of their financial results to-date, the status of ongoing projects in their RUPO, and the inventory of prospective new contract awards. In addition, we considered the potential impact of the global economic disruption due to the COVID-19 pandemic on our operating income projections over the various earn-out periods. During the first halves of fiscal 2022 and 2021, ~~and 2020, we recorded~~ the total adjustments to our contingent earn-out liabilities ~~and reported a net gain~~ in operating income ~~of $0.2 million and $1.6 million, respectively (substantially all in the second quarters of fiscal 2021 and 2020).~~were immaterial.

At ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, there was a total potential ~~maximu~~mmaximum of ~~$66.9~~$139.6 million of outstanding contingent consideration related to acquisitions. Of this amount, ~~$28.7~~$79.1 million was estimated as the fair value and accrued on our consolidated balance sheet. If the global economic disruption related to the COVID-19 pandemic is prolonged, we could have significant reductions in our contingent earn-out liabilities and related gains in our operating income in future periods.

5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying value of goodwill by reportable segment:

GSG CIG Total
(in thousands)
Balance at September 27, 2020 $ 516,315 $ 477,183 $ 993,498
Acquisition activity 0 3,675 3,675
Translation 7,874 24,526 32,400
Balance at March 28, 2021 $ 524,189 $ 505,384 $ 1,029,573


	GSG		CIG		Total
	(in thousands)
Balance at October 3, 2021	$	538,433	$	570,145	$	1,108,578
Goodwill reallocation	(51,497)		51,497		—
Acquisition activity	23,024		26,553		49,577

Translation and adjustments	443		25		468
Balance at April 3, 2022	$	510,403	$	648,220	$	1,158,623

Our goodwill balances reflect the goodwill reallocation related to the creation of our new HPB division on the first day of fiscal 2022, which included a transfer of some related operations in our GSG reportable segment to our CIG reportable segment. The foreign currency translation adjustments ~~related to~~resulted from our foreign subsidiaries with functional currencies that are

different than our reporting currency. These amounts are presented net of reductions from historical impairment adjustments. The gross amounts ofof goodwill for GSG we~~re $541.9~~were $528.1 million and ~~$534.0~~$556.1 million at ~~March 28,~~April 3, 2022 and October 3, 2021, ~~and September 27, 2020,~~ respectively, excluding accumulated impairment of $17.7 million ~~for~~at each

~~period.~~ date. The gross amounts of goodwill for CIG were ~~$626.9~~$769.7 million and ~~$598.7~~$691.6 million at ~~March 28,~~April 3, 2022 and October 3, 2021, ~~and September 27, 2020,~~ respectively, excluding accumulated impairment of $121.5 million ~~for~~at each ~~period.~~date.

We perform our annual goodwill impairment review at the beginning of our fiscal fourth quarter. Our most recent annual review at June ~~29, 2020~~28, 2021 (i.e. the first day of our fourth quarter in fiscal ~~2020)~~2021) indicated that we had 0no impairment of goodwill, and all of our reporting units had estimated fair values that were in excess of their carrying values, including goodwill. ~~All~~As of ~~our~~June 28, 2021, and after the reallocation of goodwill on the first day of fiscal 2022, we had no reporting units that had estimated fair values that exceeded their carrying values by more than 80%, with the exception of our former Asia/Pacific ("ASP") reporting unit, which was in our CIG reportable segment. Our former ASP reporting unit had an estimated fair value that exceeded its carrying value by less than ~~20%~~150%.

We also regularly evaluate whether events and circumstances have occurred that may indicate a potential change in the recoverability of goodwill. We perform interim goodwill impairment reviews between our annual reviews if certain events and circumstances have occurred, such as a deterioration in general economic conditions; an increase in the competitive environment; a change in management, key personnel, strategy or customers; negative or declining cash flows; or a decline in actual or planned revenue or earnings compared with actual and projected results of relevant prior periods. Although we believe that our estimates of fair value for these reporting units are reasonable, if financial performance for these reporting units falls significantly below our expectations or market prices for similar business decline, the goodwill for these reporting units could become impaired.

On September 2, 2020, Australia announced that it had fallen into economic recession, defined as two consecutive quarters of negative growth, for the first time since 1991 including 7% negative growth in the quarter ending June 30, 2020. This prompted a strategic review of our former ASP reporting unit. As a result of the economic recession in Australia, our revenue growth and profit margin forecasts for our former ASP reporting unit declined from the previous forecast used for our annual goodwill impairment review as of June 29, 2020. We also performed an interim goodwill impairment review of our former ASP reporting unit in September 2020 and recorded a $15.8 million goodwill impairment charge. As a result of the impairment charge, the estimated fair value of our former ASP reporting unit equaled its carrying value of $144.9 million, including $95.5 million of goodwill, at September 27, 2020. On September 28, 2020 (the first day of our fiscal 2021), we merged our former ASP reporting unit into our Client Account Management reporting unit.

The following table presents the gross amount and accumulated amortization of our acquired identifiable intangible assets with finite useful lives included in “Intangible assets, net” on the consolidated balance sheets:


												Period Ended
		March 28, 2021					September 27, 2020					April 3, 2022							October 3, 2021
		Weighted- Average Remaining Life (in Years)	Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization			Weighted- Average Remaining Life (in Years)	Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Amount		Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Amount
		($ in thousands)										($ in thousands)
Client relations	Client relations	2.6	$	47,515	$	(41,533)	$	60,775	$	(53,392)	Client relations	5.9	$	46,519	$	(20,069)	$	26,450	$	69,455	$	(43,984)	$	25,471
Backlog	Backlog	0.5	30,509		(28,778)		37,682		(32,761)		Backlog	1.0	35,742		(30,024)		5,718		34,577		(30,670)		3,907
Trade names		1.7	7,205		(5,995)		7,964		(6,325)
Technology and trade names											Technology and trade names	4.1	14,904		(7,592)		7,312		14,939		(6,327)		8,612
Total	Total		$	85,229	$	(76,306)	$	106,421	$	(92,478)	Total		$	97,165	$	(57,685)	$	39,480	$	118,971	$	(80,981)	$	37,990

Amortization expense for the three and six months ~~ended March 28, 2021 was~~ e~~$2.2~~nded April 3, 2022 was $3.2 million and ~~$5.6~~$5.9 million,, respectively, compared to ~~$3.4~~$2.2 million and ~~$6.4~~$5.6 million for the prior-year periods. Estimated amortization expense for the remainder of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 and succeeding years is as follows:


	Amount
	(in thousands)
2022	$	7,042
2023	10,003
2024	5,937
2025	5,104
2026	4,194
Beyond	7,200
Total	$	39,480

Amount
(in thousands)
2021 $ 3,547
2022 2,814
2023 1,972
2024 590
Total $ 8,923

6. Property and Equipment

Property and equipment consisted of the following:


		Balance at					Balance at
		March 28, 2021		September 27, 2020			April 3, 2022		October 3, 2021
		(in thousands)					(in thousands)
Equipment, furniture and fixtures	Equipment, furniture and fixtures	$	98,135	$	90,942	Equipment, furniture and fixtures	$	100,574	$	94,780
Leasehold improvements	Leasehold improvements	35,995		34,569		Leasehold improvements	36,769		36,462
Total property and equipment	Total property and equipment	134,130		125,511		Total property and equipment	137,343		131,242
Accumulated depreciation	Accumulated depreciation	(96,707)		(90,004)		Accumulated depreciation	(100,628)		(93,509)
Property and equipment, net	Property and equipment, net	$	37,423	$	35,507	Property and equipment, net	$	36,715	$	37,733

The depreciation expense related to property and equipment ~~was~~was $3.3 million and $6.7 million for the three and six months ended April 3, 2022, compared to $3.1 million and ~~$5.9 million~~ ~~for the three and six months ended March 28, 2021, respectively, compared to~~ ~~$3.1 million~~ ~~and $6.4~~$5.9 million for the prior-year periods.

7. Stock Repurchase and Dividends

On ~~January 27, 2020,~~October 5, 2021, the Board of Directors authorized a new ~~$200 million~~ stock repurchase program under which ~~was included~~we could repurchase up to $400 million of our common stock in ~~our~~addition to the $147.8 million remaining ~~balance of $207.8 million as of fiscal 2020 year-end.~~under the previous stock repurchase program at October 3, 2021. In the first half of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, we repurchased and ~~settled 249,714~~settled 618,236 shares with an average price of ~~$120.14~~$161.75 per share for a total cost of ~~$30~~$100.0 million in the open market. At ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, we had a remaining balance of ~~$177.8~~$447.8 million under our stock ~~repurchase~~repurchase program.

The following table presents dividends declared and paid in the first ~~half~~halves of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020:~~2021:


Declare Date	Declare Date	Dividend Paid Per Share		Record Date	Payment Date	Dividend Paid (in thousands)		Declare Date	Dividend Paid Per Share		Record Date	Payment Date	Dividend Paid (in thousands)
November 15, 2021								November 15, 2021	$	0.20	December 2, 2021	December 20, 2021	$	10,793
January 31, 2022								January 31, 2022	$	0.20	February 11, 2022	February 25, 2022	10,769

Total dividend paid as of April 3, 2022								Total dividend paid as of April 3, 2022					$	21,562

November 9, 2020	November 9, 2020	$	0.17	November 30, 2020	December 11, 2020	$	9,198	November 9, 2020	$	0.17	November 30, 2020	December 11, 2020	$	9,198
January 25, 2021	January 25, 2021	$	0.17	February 10, 2021	February 26, 2021	9,212		January 25, 2021	$	0.17	February 10, 2021	February 26, 2021	9,212

Total dividend paid as of March 28, 2021	Total dividend paid as of March 28, 2021					$	18,410	Total dividend paid as of March 28, 2021					$	18,410

November 11, 2019		$	0.15	December 2, 2019	December 13, 2019	$	8,190
January 27, 2020		$	0.15	February 12, 2020	February 28, 2020	8,224
Total dividend paid as of March 29, 2020						$	16,414

Subsequent Event. On ~~April 26, 2021,~~May 2, 2022 the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of ~~$0.20 pe~~r$0.23 per share payable on May ~~28, 2021~~27, 2022 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on May ~~12, 2021.~~13, 2022.

8. Leases

Our operating leases are primarily for corporate and project office spaces.~~In February 2016,~~ To a much lesser extent, we have operating leases for vehicles and equipment. Our operating leases have remaining lease terms of one month to twelve years, some of which may include options to extend the ~~FASB issued ASU 2016-02 “Leases (Topic 842)”, which is a new standard related~~leases for up to leases to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of right-of-use (“ROU”) assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities on the balance sheet. Most prominent among the changes in the standard is the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases. Under the standard, disclosures are required to meet the objective of enabling users of financial statements to assess the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases.five years.

We elected to adopt the standard, and available practical expedients, effective September 30, 2019 (the first day of our fiscal 2020). These practical expedients allowed us to keep the lease classification assessed under the previous lease accounting standard (ASC 840) without reassessment under the new standard, and allowed all separate lease components, including non-lease components, to be accounted for as a single lease component for all existing leases prior to adoption of the new standard.

We adopted this new standard under the modified retrospective transition approach without adjusting comparative periods in the financial statements, as allowed under Leases (Topic 842), and implemented internal controls and key system functionality to enable the preparation of financial information on adoption. The standard had a material impact on our consolidated balance sheets but did not have an impact on the consolidated income statements. The most significant impact was the recognition of ROU assets and lease liabilities for operating leases, while accounting for finance leases remained substantially unchanged. Our finance leases are primarily for certain information technology equipment and the related ROU and lease liabilities were immaterial, and included in "Other current liabilities" and "Other long-term liabilities" accordingly on our consolidated balance sheets at March 28, 2021 and September 2~~7, 2020.~~

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease ~~ROU~~right-of-use ("ROU") assets and current and long-term operating lease liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.Our finance leases are primarily for certain information technology equipment. The related ROU assets and lease liabilities were immaterial, and are included in "Property and equipment, net", "Other current liabilities" and "Other long-term liabilities", accordingly, in the consolidated balance sheets at April 3, 2022 and October 3, 2021.

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, incremental borrowing rates are used based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset at the commencement date also includes any lease payments made to the lessor at or before the commencement date and ~~excludes~~initial direct costs less lease ~~incentives.~~incentives received. Lease terms may

include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Our operating leases are primarily for corporate and project office spaces. To a much lesser extent, we have operating leases for vehicles and equipment. Our operating leases have remaining lease terms of one month to twelve years, some of which may include options to extend the leases for up to five years.

The components of lease costs are as follows:


		Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended					Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020			April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021		April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021
		(in thousands)									(in thousands)
Operating lease cost	Operating lease cost	$	22,640	$	21,595	$	44,709	$	42,767	Operating lease cost	$	21,260	$	22,640	$	43,011	$	44,709
Sublease income	Sublease income	(30)		(541)		(59)		(1,115)		Sublease income	(131)		(30)		(257)		(59)
Other		0		18		0		36

Total lease cost	Total lease cost	$	22,610	$	21,072	$	44,650	$	41,688	Total lease cost	$	21,129	$	22,610	$	42,754	$	44,650

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases is as follows:


		Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended						Six Months Ended
		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020				April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021
		(in thousands)									(in thousands
Operating cash flows for operating leases	Operating cash flows for operating leases	$	17,599	$	21,789	$	36,399	$	41,504	Operating cash flows for operating leases		$	34,531	$	36,399
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	23,429	$	59,671	$	33,722	$	321,919	Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities		$	24,875	$	33,722

Supplemental balance sheet and other information related to leases are as follows:


		Balance at							Balance at
		March 28, 2021			September 27, 2020				April 3, 2022			October 3, 2021
		(in thousands)							(in thousands)
Operating leases:	Operating leases:							Operating leases:
Right-of-use assets	Right-of-use assets	$	222,922		$	239,396		Right-of-use assets	$	205,087		$	215,422

Lease liabilities:	Lease liabilities:							Lease liabilities:
Current	Current	68,941			69,650			Current	64,789			67,452
Long-term	Long-term	179,645			191,955			Long-term	165,630			174,285
Total operating lease liabilities	Total operating lease liabilities	$	248,586		$	261,605		Total operating lease liabilities	$	230,419		$	241,737

Weighted-average remaining lease term:	Weighted-average remaining lease term:							Weighted-average remaining lease term:
Operating leases	Operating leases	5 years			5 years			Operating leases	5 years			5 years
Weighted-average discount rate:	Weighted-average discount rate:							Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating leases	Operating leases	2.4		%	2.5		%	Operating leases	2.1		%	2.2		%

As of ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, we do not have any material additional operating leases that have not yet commenced.

A maturity analysis of the future undiscounted cash flows associated with our operating lease liabilities at April 3, 2022 is as follows:


		Balance at					Amount
		March 28, 2021		September 27, 2020			(in thousands)
		(in thousands)
2021		$	39,951	$	75,074
2022	2022	70,500		64,972		2022	$	37,021
2023	2023	48,703		44,733		2023	60,022
2024	2024	33,627		30,991		2024	44,794
2025	2025	24,030		21,466		2025	32,918
2026						2026	22,117
Beyond	Beyond	49,021		44,169		Beyond	47,644
Total lease payments	Total lease payments	265,832		281,405		Total lease payments	244,516
Less: imputed interest	Less: imputed interest	(17,246)		(19,800)		Less: imputed interest	(14,097)
Total present value of lease liabilities	Total present value of lease liabilities	$	248,586	$	261,605	Total present value of lease liabilities	$	230,419

9. Stockholders’ Equity and Stock Compensation Plans

We ~~recognize~~recognize the fair value of our stock-based awards as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period in which the award vests. Stock-based compensation expense for the three and six months ended ~~March 28, 2021 w~~asApril 3, 2022 was $6.6 million and $12.4 million, respectively, compared to $5.7 million and $10.6 ~~million,~~ ~~respectively, compared to $5.0 million and $9.4~~ million for the same periods last year. Most of these amounts were included in selling, general and administrative expenses on our consolidated statements of income. In the first half of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, we ~~awarded 57,542~~awarded 41,199 performance share units (“PSUs”) to our non-employee directors and executive officers at a fair value of ~~$153.03~~$247.47 per share on the award date. All PSUs are performance-based and vest, if at all, after the conclusion of the three-year performance period. The number of PSUs that ultimately vest is based 50% on the growth in our diluted earnings per share and 50% on our relative total shareholder return over the vesting period. Additionally, we ~~awarded 108,464~~awarded 73,729 restricted stock units (“RSUs”) to our non-employee directors, executive officers and employees at a fair value of ~~$121.17~~$186.91 per share on the award date. All executive officer and employee RSUs have time-based vesting over a four-year period, and the non-employee director RSUs vest after one year.

10. Earnings per Share (“EPS”)

Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, less unvested restricted stock for the period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and dilutive potential common shares for the period. Potential common shares include the weighted-average dilutive effects of outstanding stock options and unvested restricted stock using the treasury stock method.

The following table presents the number of weighted-average shares used to compute basic and diluted EPS:


		Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended					Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020			April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021		April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021
		(in thousands, except per share data)									(in thousands, except per share data)
Net income attributable to Tetra Tech	Net income attributable to Tetra Tech	$	45,517	$	36,397	$	97,953	$	83,707	Net income attributable to Tetra Tech	$	53,040	$	45,517	$	121,529	$	97,953

Weighted-average common shares outstanding – basic	Weighted-average common shares outstanding – basic	54,187		54,699		54,085		54,541		Weighted-average common shares outstanding – basic	53,834		54,187		53,916		54,085
Effect of dilutive stock options and unvested restricted stock	Effect of dilutive stock options and unvested restricted stock	549		764		630		839		Effect of dilutive stock options and unvested restricted stock	512		549		576		630
Weighted-average common shares outstanding – diluted	Weighted-average common shares outstanding – diluted	54,736		55,463		54,715		55,380		Weighted-average common shares outstanding – diluted	54,346		54,736		54,492		54,715

Earnings per share attributable to Tetra Tech:	Earnings per share attributable to Tetra Tech:									Earnings per share attributable to Tetra Tech:
Basic	Basic	$	0.84	$	0.67	$	1.81	$	1.53	Basic	$	0.99	$	0.84	$	2.25	$	1.81
Diluted	Diluted	$	0.83	$	0.66	$	1.79	$	1.51	Diluted	$	0.98	$	0.83	$	2.23	$	1.79

11. Income Taxes

The effective tax rates for the first ~~half~~halves of fiscal 2022 and 2021 were 21.9%and ~~2020 were~~ 19.2% ~~and 19.5%~~, respectively. Income tax expense was reduced ~~by $8.0~~by $4.8 million and ~~$6.7~~$8.0 million of excess tax benefits on share-based payments in the first ~~half~~halves of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. Excluding the impact of the excess tax benefits on share-based payments, our effective tax rates in the first ~~half~~halves of fiscal 2022 and 2021 ~~and 2020~~ were 25.0% and 25.8% ~~and 25.9%~~, ~~respectively.~~respectively.

As of ~~March 28,~~April 3, 2022 and October 3, 2021, ~~and September 27, 2020,~~ the liability for income taxes associated with uncertain tax positions was ~~$10.0~~$13.9 million and ~~$9.7~~$14.1 million, respectively. Th~~ese~~These uncertain tax positions substantially relate to ongoing ~~examinations, which are~~examinations. It is reasonably ~~likely to be resolved~~possible that these liabilities may decrease within the next 12 ~~months.~~months as certain examinations are resolved. These liabilities represent our current estimates of the additional tax liabilities that we may be assessed when the related audits are concluded. If these audits are resolved in a manner more unfavorable than our current expectations, our additional tax liabilities could be materially higher than the amounts currently recorded resulting in additional tax expense.

On December 28, 2021, the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service released final regulations addressing aspects of the foreign tax credit regime, and represent the third and final regulations that have been issued with respect to the core provisions of the U.S. foreign tax credit regime following the 2017 Tax Cut and Jobs Act. These regulations were primarily effective on March 7, 2022, with certain provisions applicable to prior periods. We do not expect these new regulations to materially impact our consolidated financial statements.

12. Reportable Segments

We manage our operations under 2 reportable segments. Our GSG reportable segment primarily includes activities with U.S. government clients (federal, state and local) and all activities with development agencies worldwide. Our CIG reportable segment primarily includes activities with U.S. commercial clients and international clients other than development agencies. Additionally, we continue to report the results of the wind-down of our non-core construction activities in the RCM reportable segment. ~~Substantially, there~~There has been no remaining backlog for RCM since fiscal 2018 as the projects were complete.

GSG provides high-end consulting and engineering services primarily to U.S. government clients (federal, state and local) and development agencies worldwide. GSG supports U.S. government civilian and defense agencies with services in water, environment, sustainable infrastructure, information technology, and disaster management. GSG also provides engineering design services for U.S. municipal and commercial clients, especially in water infrastructure, solid waste, and high-end sustainable infrastructure designs. GSG also leads our support for development agencies worldwide, especially in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.

CIG primarily provides high-end consulting and engineering services to U.S. commercial clients, and international clients that include both commercial and government sectors. CIG supports commercial clients across the ~~Fortune~~Fortune 500, clean energy, ~~utilities,~~industrial, high performance buildings, and aerospace markets. CIG also provides sustainable infrastructure and related

~~industrial, manufacturing, aerospace, and resource management markets. CIG also provides infrastructure and related~~ environmental, engineering and project management services to commercial and local government clients across Canada, in Asia Pacific (primarily Australia and New Zealand), the United Kingdom, as well as Brazil and Chile.

At the beginning of fiscal 2022, we aligned our operations to better serve our clients and markets, and created a new HPB division in our CIG reportable segment. As a result, we transferred some related operations in our GSG reportable segment to our CIG reportable segment. Accordingly, amounts related to our segment reporting for the first quarter and first half of fiscal 2021 have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

Management evaluates ~~the~~the performance of these reportable segments based upon their respective segment operating income before the effect of amortization expense related to acquisitions, and other unallocated corporate expenses. We account for inter-segment revenues and transfers as if they were to third parties; that is, by applying a negotiated fee onto the costs of the services performed. All significant intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

~~Reportable Segments~~

The following tables summarize financial information regarding our reportable segments:


		Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended					Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020			April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021		April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021
		(in thousands)									(in thousands)
Revenue	Revenue									Revenue
GSG	GSG	$	473,829	$	436,903	$	942,451	$	894,307	GSG	$	448,956	$	432,570	$	905,054	$	857,233
CIG	CIG	293,128		308,412		604,152		659,576		CIG	416,945		335,432		833,231		691,958
RCM	RCM	470		5		470		150		RCM	—		470		—		470
Elimination of inter-segment revenue	Elimination of inter-segment revenue	(12,663)		(11,187)		(27,205)		(22,277)		Elimination of inter-segment revenue	(13,157)		(13,708)		(27,030)		(29,793)
Total		$	754,764	$	734,133	$	1,519,868	$	1,531,756
Total revenue										Total revenue	$	852,744	$	754,764	$	1,711,255	$	1,519,868

Income from operations	Income from operations									Income from operations
GSG	GSG	$	46,109	$	35,347	$	93,809	$	77,395	GSG	$	50,344	$	41,473	$	101,524	$	84,169
CIG	CIG	26,311		21,676		55,869		53,309		CIG	40,485		30,946		85,792		65,509
RCM	RCM	1		(1)		1		1		RCM	—		1		—		1
Corporate (1)	Corporate (1)	(11,614)		(9,492)		(22,620)		(19,873)		Corporate (1)	(16,309)		(11,613)		(25,576)		(22,620)
Total		$	60,807	$	47,530	$	127,059	$	110,832
Total income from operations										Total income from operations	$	74,520	$	60,807	$	161,740	$	127,059

(1) Includes amortization of intangibles, other costs and other income not allocable to our reportable segments.


		Balance at					Balance at
		March 28, 2021		September 27, 2020			April 3, 2022		October 3, 2021
		(in thousands)					(in thousands)
Total Assets	Total Assets					Total Assets
GSG	GSG	$	635,217	$	649,417	GSG	$	544,698	$	545,533
CIG	CIG	463,176		479,238		CIG	743,080		698,916
RCM	RCM	11,369		14,258		RCM	11,316		11,360
Corporate (1)	Corporate (1)	1,345,300		1,235,645		Corporate (1)	1,346,531		1,320,753
Total		$	2,455,062	$	2,378,558
Total assets						Total assets	$	2,645,625	$	2,576,562

(1) Corporate assets consist of intercompany eliminations and assets not allocated to our reportable segments including goodwill, intangible assets, deferred income taxes and certain other assets.

13. Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of long-term debt was determined using the present value of future cash flows based on the borrowing rates currently available for debt with similar terms and maturities (Level 2 measurement, as described in “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended ~~September 27, 2020)~~October 3, 2021). The carrying value of our long-term debt approximated fair value at ~~March 28, 2021~~April 3, 2022 and ~~September 27, 2020.~~October 3, 2021. At ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, we had borrowings ofo ~~$250.8~~f $250.0 million outstan ~~outstanding~~ding under our Amended Credit Agreement, which were used to fund business acquisitions, working capital needs, stock repurchases, dividends, capital expenditures and contingent earn-outs.

14.Credit Facility

On February 18, 2022, we entered into Amendment No. 2 to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“Amended Credit Agreement”) with a total borrowing capacity of $1.05 billion that will mature in February 2027. The Amended Credit Agreement is a $750 million senior secured, five-year facility that provides for a $250 million term loan facility (the “Amended Term Loan Facility”) and a $500 million revolving credit facility (the “Amended Revolving Credit Facility”). In addition, the Amended Credit Agreement includes a $300 million accordion feature that allows us to increase the Amended Credit Agreement to $1.05 billion subject to lender approval. The Amended Credit Agreement provides for, among other things, (i) refinance indebtedness under our Credit Agreement dated as of July 30, 2018; (ii) finance open market repurchases of common stock, acquisitions, and cash dividends and distributions; and (iii) utilize the proceeds for working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes. The Amended Credit Agreement provides for a reduction in the interest grid for meeting certain sustainability targets related to the (i) reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through the Company’s projects and operational sustainability initiatives and (ii) improvement of peoples’ lives as a result ofthe Company’s projects that provide environmental, social and governance benefits. The Amended Revolving Credit Facility includes a $100 million sublimit for the issuance of standby letters of credit, a $20 million sublimit for swingline loans, and a $300 million sublimit for multicurrency borrowings and letters of credit.

The entire Amended Term Loan Facility was drawn on February 18, 2022. The Amended Term Loan Facility is subject to quarterly amortization of principal at 5% annually commencing June 30, 2022. We may borrow on the Amended Revolving Credit Facility, at our option, at either (a) a benchmark rate plus a margin that ranges from 1.000% to 1.875% per annum, or (b) a base rate for loans in U.S. dollars (the highest of the U.S. federal funds rate plus 0.50% per annum, the bank’s prime rate or the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") rate plus 1.00%, plus a margin that ranges from 0% to 0.875% per annum. In each case, the applicable margin is based on our Consolidated Leverage Ratio, calculated quarterly. The Amended Term Loan Facility is subject to the same interest rate provisions. The Amended Credit Agreement expires on February 18, 2027, or earlier at our discretion upon payment in full of loans and other obligations.

The Amended Credit Agreement contains certain affirmative and restrictive covenants, and customary events of default. The financial covenants provide for a maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio of 3.25 to 1.00 (total funded debt/EBITDA, as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) and a minimum Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio of 3.00 to 1.00 (EBITDA/Consolidated Interest Charges, as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement). Our obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement are guaranteed by certain of our domestic subsidiaries and are secured by first priority liens on (i) the equity interests of certain of our subsidiaries, including those subsidiaries that are guarantors or borrowers under the Amended Credit Agreement, and (ii) the accounts receivable, general intangibles and intercompany loans, and those of our subsidiaries that are guarantors or borrowers.

15. Derivative Financial Instruments

We often use certain interest rate derivative contracts to hedge interest rate exposures on our variable rate debt. Also, we may enter in foreign currency derivative contracts with financial institutions to reduce the risk that cash flows and earnings could adversely be affected by foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Our hedging program is not designated for trading or speculative purposes.

We recognize derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at fair value. We record changes in the fair value (i.e., gains or losses) of the derivatives that have been designated as cash flow hedges in our consolidated balance sheets as accumulated other comprehensive income, and in our consolidated statements of income for those derivatives designated as fair value hedges. The derivative contracts to hedge interest exposure are categorized within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

In fiscal 2018, we ~~entered~~entered into 5 interest rate swap agreements that we designated as cash flow hedges to fix the interest rate on the borrowings under our term loan facility. As of ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, the notional principal of our outstanding interest swap agreements w~~as $221.9~~was $206.3 million ($~~44.4~~41.3 million each.) The interest rate swaps have a fixed interest rate of 2.79%

and expire in July 2023 for all 5 agreements. At ~~March 28,~~April 3, 2022 and October 3, 2021, ~~and September 27, 2020,~~ the fair ~~value~~values of the effective portion of our interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges before tax effect wwere unrealized losses of ~~as $(12.1)~~$1.8 million and ~~$(15.5)~~$9.4 million, which were reported in "Other current liabilities" on our consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, the related gains of $4.9 million and $7.6 million for the three and six months ended April 3, 2022, compared to related gains of $1.9 million and $3.4 million for the ~~three and six months ended March 28, 2021, respectively, compared to related losses of $7.4 million and $5.7 million for the~~ prior-year periods, were recognized and reported on our consolidated statements of comprehensive income. We expect to ~~reclassify $5.7~~reclassify $1.7 million from accumulated other comprehensive loss to interest expense within the next twelve months. There were no other derivative instruments designated as hedging instruments for the ~~first~~first half ofof fiscal ~~2021.~~2022.

2021

~~15.~~16. Reclassifications Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The accumulated balances and activities for the three and six months ended April 3, 2022 and March 28, 2021 ~~and March 29, 2020~~ related to reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income are summarized as follows:


		Three Months Ended							Three Months Ended
		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
		(in thousands)							(in thousands)
Balance at December 29, 2019		$	(135,812)	$	(9,203)	$	(145,015)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications		(47,011)		(6,727)		(53,738)
Balance at December 27, 2020								Balance at December 27, 2020	$	(113,884)	$	(14,035)	$	(127,919)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications								Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	10,973		3,382		14,355
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss							Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
Interest rate contracts, net of tax (1)	Interest rate contracts, net of tax (1)	—		(638)		(638)		Interest rate contracts, net of tax (1)	—		(1,492)		(1,492)
Net current-period other comprehensive loss		(47,011)		(7,365)		(54,376)
Balance at March 29, 2020		$	(182,823)	$	(16,568)	$	(199,391)
Net current-period other comprehensive income								Net current-period other comprehensive income	10,973		1,890		12,863

Balance at December 27, 2020		$	(113,884)	$	(14,035)	$	(127,919)

Balance at March 28, 2021								Balance at March 28, 2021	$	(102,911)	$	(12,145)	$	(115,056)

Balance at January 2, 2022								Balance at January 2, 2022	$	(116,320)	$	(6,728)	$	(123,048)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	10,973		3,382		14,355		Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	2,807		6,332		9,139
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss								Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
Interest rate contracts, net of tax (1)	Interest rate contracts, net of tax (1)	—		(1,492)		(1,492)		Interest rate contracts, net of tax (1)	—		(1,394)		(1,394)
Net current-period other comprehensive income	Net current-period other comprehensive income	10,973		1,890		12,863		Net current-period other comprehensive income	2,807		4,938		7,745
Balance at March 28, 2021		$	(102,911)	$	(12,145)	$	(115,056)

Balance at April 3, 2022								Balance at April 3, 2022	$	(113,513)	$	(1,790)	$	(115,303)

		Six Months Ended							Six Months Ended
		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
		(in thousands)							(in thousands)
Balance at September 29, 2019		$	(149,711)	$	(10,873)	$	(160,584)
Balance at September 27, 2020								Balance at September 27, 2020	$	(146,275)	$	(15,511)	$	(161,786)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	(33,112)		(4,574)		(37,686)		Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	43,364		6,360		49,724
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss							Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
Interest rate contracts, net of tax (1)	Interest rate contracts, net of tax (1)	—		(1,121)		(1,121)		Interest rate contracts, net of tax (1)	—		(2,994)		(2,994)
Net current-period other comprehensive loss		(33,112)		(5,695)		(38,807)
Balance at March 29, 2020		$	(182,823)	$	(16,568)	$	(199,391)
Net current-period other comprehensive income								Net current-period other comprehensive income	43,364		3,366		46,730

Balance at September 27, 2020		$	(146,275)	$	(15,511)	$	(161,786)
Balance at March 28, 2021								Balance at March 28, 2021	$	(102,911)	$	(12,145)	$	(115,056)

Balance at October 3, 2021								Balance at October 3, 2021	$	(115,634)	$	(9,394)	$	(125,028)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	43,364		6,360		49,724		Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	2,121		10,364		12,485
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss								Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss
Interest rate contracts, net of tax (1)	Interest rate contracts, net of tax (1)	—		(2,994)		(2,994)		Interest rate contracts, net of tax (1)	—		(2,760)		(2,760)
Net current-period other comprehensive income	Net current-period other comprehensive income	43,364		3,366		46,730		Net current-period other comprehensive income	2,121		7,604		9,725
Balance at March 28, 2021		$	(102,911)	$	(12,145)	$	(115,056)

(1) This accumulated other comprehensive component is reclassified to “Interest expense” in our consolidated statements of income. See Note 14, “Derivative Financial Instruments”, for more information.
Balance at April 3, 2022								Balance at April 3, 2022	$	(113,513)	$	(1,790)	$	(115,303)

(1) This accumulated other comprehensive component is reclassified to “Interest expense” in our consolidated statements of income. See Note 15 “Derivative Financial Instruments”, for more information.								(1) This accumulated other comprehensive component is reclassified to “Interest expense” in our consolidated statements of income. See Note 15 “Derivative Financial Instruments”, for more information.

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~~16.~~17. Commitments and Contingencies

We are subject to certain claims and lawsuits typically filed against the consulting and engineering profession, alleging primarily professional errors or omissions. We carry professional liability insurance, subject to certain deductibles and policy limits, against such claims. However, in some actions, parties are seeking damages that exceed our insurance coverage or for which we are not insured. While management does not believe that the resolution of these claims will have a material adverse effect, individually or in aggregate, on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows, management acknowledges the uncertainty surrounding the ultimate resolution of these matters.

On July 15, 2019, following an initial January 14, 2019 filing, the Civil Division of the United States Attorney's Office filed an amended complaint in intervention in 3 qui tam actions filed against our subsidiary, Tetra Tech EC, Inc. ("TtEC"), in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. The complaint alleges False Claims Act violations and breach of contract related to TtEC's contracts to perform environmental remediation services at the former Hunters Point Naval Shipyard in San Francisco, California. TtEC disputes the claims and will defend this matter vigorously. We are currently unable to determine the probability of the outcome of this matter or the range of reasonably possible loss, if any.

~~17.~~18. Related Party Transactions

We often provide services to unconsolidated joint ventures. ~~Revenue generated from the~~Our revenue related to services we provided to unconsolidated joint ventures for ~~the~~the three and six months ofof fiscal ~~2021~~2022 was ~~approxim~~approxima~~ately~~tely $24 million and ~~$46~~$50 million, respectively, compared to ~~$19~~$24 million and ~~$48~~$46 million for the same periods last year. Related reimbursable costs for the three and six months of fiscal 2022 were approximately $22 million and $47 million. Related reimbursable costs for the three and six months of fiscal 2021 were approximately ~~the same as revenue since these reimbursable costs are pass-through costs.~~$23 million and $44 million. Our consolidated balance sheets also included the following amounts related to these services:


		Balance at					Balance at
		March 28, 2021		September 27, 2020			April 3, 2022		October 3, 2021
		(in thousands)					(in thousands)
Accounts receivable, net	Accounts receivable, net	$	20,789	$	20,884	Accounts receivable, net	$	16,711	$	19,082
Contract assets	Contract assets	4,641		3,261		Contract assets	4,185		5,092
Contract liabilities	Contract liabilities	2,486		478		Contract liabilities	3,909		3,026

2223

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” contains forward-looking statements regarding future events and our future results that are subject to the safe harbor provisions created under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. All statements other than statements of historical facts are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements. These statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about the industries in which we operate and the beliefs and assumptions of our management. Words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “targets,” “goals,” “projects,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” “seeks,” “continues,” “may,” variations of such words, and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. In addition, statements that refer to projections of our future financial performance, our anticipated growth and trends in our businesses, and other characterizations of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned that these forward-looking statements are only predictions and are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict, including those identified below under “Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors,” and elsewhere herein. Therefore, actual results may differ materially and adversely from those expressed in any forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to revise or update publicly any forward-looking statements for any reason.

GENERAL OVERVIEW

Tetra Tech, Inc. is a leading global provider of high-end consulting and engineering services that focuses on water, environment, sustainable infrastructure, ~~resource management,~~clean energy, and international development. We are a global company that is Leading with Science® to provide innovative solutions for our public and private clients. We typically begin at the earliest stage of a project by identifying technical solutions and developing execution plans tailored to our clients' needs and resources.

Our reputation for high-end consulting and engineering services and our ability to develop solutions for water and environmental management has supported our growth for more than 5550 years. Today, we are proud to be making a difference in people’s lives worldwide through ~~broad~~our high-end consulting, engineering, and technology ~~servic~~eservice offerings. ~~In fiscal 2020, we~~ ~~worked~~We work on over ~~65,000~~70,000 projects annually, in more than 100 countries on all seven continents, with a talent force of ~~20,000~~21,000 associates. We are Leading with Science® throughout our operations, with domain experts across multiple disciplines supported by our advanced analytics, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and digital technology solutions. Our ability to provide innovation and first-of-kind solutions is enhanced by partnerships with our forward-thinking clients. We are diverse, equitable, and inclusive, embracing the breadth of experience across our talented workforce worldwide with a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship. We are disciplined in our business, and focused on delivering value to customers and high performance tofor our shareholders. In supporting our clients, we seek to add value and provide long-term sustainable consulting, engineering and technology solutions.

By combining ingenuity and practical experience, we have helped to advance ~~sustainable solutions for~~sustainability by managing water, protecting the environment, providing clean energy, and engineering ~~the infrastructure~~green solutions for our cities and communities.

We derive income from fees for professional, technical, program management, and construction management services. As primarily a professional services company, we are labor-intensive rather than capital-intensive. Our revenue is driven by our ability to attract and retain qualified and productive employees, identify business opportunities, secure new and renew existing client contracts, provide outstanding services to our clients and execute projects successfully. We provide services to a diverse base of U.S. state and local government, U.S. federal government, U.S. commercial, and international clients.

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The following table presents the percentage of our revenue by client sector:

Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
March 28,
2021 March 29,
2020 March 28,
2021 March 29,
2020
Client Sector
U.S. state and local government 17.2 % 14.1 % 16.8 % 14.9 %
U.S. federal government (1)
35.5 33.1 35.1 31.9
U.S. commercial 19.0 21.9 19.8 22.3
International (2)
28.3 30.9 28.3 30.9
Total 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 % 100.0 %


	Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
	April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021		April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021
Client Sector
U.S. state and local government	18.3	%	17.2	%	18.4	%	16.8	%
U.S. federal government (1)	29.7		35.5		30.4		35.1
U.S. commercial	20.1		19.0		20.4		19.8
International (2)	31.9		28.3		30.8		28.3
Total	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%

(1) Includes revenue generated under U.S. federal government contracts performed outside the United States.

(2) Includes revenue generated from foreign operations, primarily in Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom, and revenue generated from non-U.S. clients.

We manage our operations under two reportable segments. Our Government Services Group ("GSG") reportable segment primarily includes activities with U.S. government clients (federal, state and local) and all activities with development agencies worldwide. Our Commercial/International Services Group ("CIG") reportable segment primarily includes activities with U.S. commercial clients and international clients other than development agencies. Additionally,, we continue to report the results of the wind-down of our non-core construction activities in the Remediation and Construction Management ("RCM") reportable segment. ~~Substantially, there has been no remaining backlog for RCM since fiscal 2018 as the~~RCM's projects were ~~complete.~~complete at the end of fiscal 2018; however, there was an outstanding $11 million claim receivable in dispute resolution as of April 3, 2022. In May 2022, we received a cash settlement for this claim, which will result in an immaterial gain in the third quarter of fiscal 2022. There were no significant operating activities in RCM for the second quarters and first halves of fiscal 2022 and 2021.

Government Services Group (“GSG”). GSG provides high-end consulting and engineering services primarily to U.S. government clients (federal, state and local) and development agencies worldwide. GSG supports U.S. government civilian and defense agencies with services in water, environment, sustainable infrastructure, information technology, and disaster management. GSG also provides engineering design services for U.S. municipal and commercial clients, especially in water infrastructure, solid waste, and high-end sustainable infrastructure designs. GSG also leads our support for development agencies worldwide, especially in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.

Commercial/International Services Group (“CIG”). CIG primarily provides high-end consulting and engineering services to U.S. commercial clients, and international clients that include both commercial and government sectors. CIG supports commercial clients across the ~~Fortune~~Fortune 500, clean energy, ~~utilities,~~ industrial, ~~manufacturing,~~high performance buildings, and aerospace ~~and resource management~~ markets. CIG also provides sustainable infrastructure and related environmental, engineering and project management services to commercial and local government clients across Canada, in Asia Pacific (primarily Australia and New Zealand), the United Kingdom, as well as Brazil and Chile.

At the beginning of fiscal 2022, we aligned our operations to better serve our clients and markets, and created a new High Performance Buildings division in our CIG reportable segment. As a result, we transferred some related operations in our GSG reportable segment to our CIG reportable segment. Certain prior year amounts for reportable segments have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

The following table presents the percentage of our revenue by reportable segment:


		Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended					Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020			April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021		April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021
Reportable Segment	Reportable Segment									Reportable Segment
GSG	GSG	62.8	%	59.5	%	62.0	%	58.4	%	GSG	52.6	%	57.3	%	52.9	%	56.4	%
CIG	CIG	38.8		42.0		39.8		43.1		CIG	48.9		44.5		48.7		45.5

Inter-segment elimination	Inter-segment elimination	(1.6)		(1.5)		(1.8)		(1.5)		Inter-segment elimination	(1.5)		(1.8)		(1.6)		(1.9)
Total	Total	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	Total	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%

Our services are performed under three principal types of contracts with our clients: fixed-price, time-and-materials, and cost-plus. The following table presents the percentage of our revenue by contract type:

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		Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended					Three Months Ended				Six Months Ended
		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020			April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021		April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021
Contract Type	Contract Type									Contract Type
Fixed-price	Fixed-price	36.1	%	34.8	%	36.0	%	34.4	%	Fixed-price	37.1	%	36.1	%	37.8	%	36.0	%
Time-and-materials	Time-and-materials	46.0		47.8		46.2		48.2		Time-and-materials	47.9		46.0		47.0		46.2
Cost-plus	Cost-plus	17.9		17.4		17.8		17.4		Cost-plus	15.0		17.9		15.2		17.8
Total	Total	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	Total	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%	100.0	%

Under fixed-price contracts, clients agree to pay a specified price for our performance of the entire contract or a specified portion of the contract. Under time-and-materials contracts, we are paid for labor at negotiated hourly billing rates and paid for other expenses. Under cost-plus contracts, some of which are subject to a contract ceiling amount, we are reimbursed for allowable ~~costs and~~costs plus fees, which may be fixed or performance-based. Profitability on these contracts is driven by billable headcount and our cost control. We recognize revenue from contracts using the cost-to-cost measure of progress method to estimate the progress towards completion to determine the amount of revenue and profit to recognize. Changes in those estimates could result in the recognition of cumulative catch-up adjustments to the contract’s inception-to-date revenue, costs and profit in the period in which such changes are made. On a quarterly basis, we review and assess our revenue and cost estimates for each significant contract. Changes in revenue and cost estimates could also result in a projected loss that would be recorded immediately in earnings.

Other contract costs include professional compensation and related benefits, together with certain direct and indirect overhead costs such as rents, utilities, and travel. Professional compensation represents a large portion of these costs. Our "Selling, general and administrative expenses" ("SG&A") are comprised primarily of marketing and bid and proposal costs, and our corporate headquarters’ costs related to the executive offices, finance, accounting, administration, and information technology. Our SG&A expenses also include a portion of stock-based compensation and depreciation of property and equipment related to our corporate headquarters, and the amortization of identifiable intangible assets. Most of these costs are unrelated to specific clients or projects, and can vary as expenses are incurred to support company-wide activities and initiatives.

We experience seasonal trends in our business. Our revenue and operating income are typically lower in the first half of our fiscal year, primarily due to the Thanksgiving (in the U.S.), Christmas, and New Year’s holidays. Many of our clients’ employees, as well as our own employees, take vacations during these holiday periods. Further, seasonal inclement weather conditions occasionally cause some of our offices to close temporarily or may hamper our project field work in the northern hemisphere's temperate and arctic regions. These occurrences result in fewer billable hours worked on projects and, correspondingly, less revenue recognized.

ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES

Acquisitions. We continuously evaluate the marketplace for acquisition opportunities to further our strategic growth plans. Due to our reputation, size, financial resources, geographic presence and range of services, we have numerous opportunities to acquire privately and publicly held companies or selected portions of such companies. We evaluate an acquisition opportunity based on its ability to strengthen our leadership in the markets we serve, the technologies and solutions they provide, and the additional new geographies and clients they bring. Also, during our evaluation, we examine an acquisition's ability to drive organic growth, its accretive effect on long-term earnings, and its ability to generate return on investment. Generally, we proceed with an acquisition if we believe that it will strategically expand our service offerings, improve our long-term financial performance, and increase shareholder returns.

We view acquisitions as a key component in the execution of our growth strategy, and we intend to use cash, debt or equity, as we deem appropriate, to fund acquisitions. We may acquire other businesses that we believe are synergistic and will ultimately increase our revenue and net income, strengthen our ability to achieve our strategic goals, provide critical mass with existing clients, and further expand our lines of service. We typically pay a purchase price that results in the recognition of goodwill, generally representing the intangible value of a successful business with an assembled workforce specialized in our areas of interest. Acquisitions are inherently risky, and no assurance can be given that our previous or future acquisitions will be successful or will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. All acquisitions require the approval of our Board of Directors. For detailed information regarding acquisitions, see Note 4, “Acquisitions” of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements”.

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Divestitures. We regularly review and evaluate our existing operations to determine whether our business model should change through the divestiture of certain businesses. Accordingly, from time to time, we may divest or wind-down certain non-core businesses and reallocate our resources to businesses that better align with our long-term strategic direction.

OVERVIEW OF RESULTS AND BUSINESS TRENDS

General. As the coronavirus disease 2019 ("COVID-19") spread globally, we responded quickly to ensure the health and safety of our employees, clients and the communities we support. Our high-end consulting focus and the technologies we deployed have allowed our staff to support clients and projects remotely without interruption. We remain focused on providing clients with the highest level of service and our 450 global offices are operational, supporting our programs and projects. By Leading with Science®, we are responding to the current global challenges ofincluding COVID-19, with the commitment of our ~~20,000 staff~~ 21,000 associates supported by technological innovation. Our government business, which represents approximately 60% of our revenue, has been stable, while our commercial business experienced relatively more impact. Much of our commercial business has continued due to regulatory drivers, but we have seen project delays in the industrial sectors. Our diversified end-markets have allowed us to redeploy staff to areas of uninterrupted or increased demand, and we have made decisions to align our cost structures with our clients' projects. The actions we have taken to navigate through this worldwide pandemic, the strength of our balance sheet, and our technical leadership position us well to address the global challenges of providing clean water, environmental restoration, and the impacts of climate change.

In the first half of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, revenue ~~declined 0.8%~~increased 12.6% compared to the prior-year period. This year-over-year growth reflects increased activity with U.S. state and local government clients and commercial clients. Our international activities with both commercial and government clients have also contributed to our revenue growth. Our revenue also includes contributions from acquisitions that did not contribute to our revenue in the first half of fiscal ~~2020.~~2021. ~~Our~~In the second half of fiscal 2022, we expect our revenue to continue to grow year-over-year ~~revenue comparisons were also impacted by~~at a rate similar to the ~~decision to dispose~~first half of ~~our Canadian turn-key pipeline activities~~fiscal 2022 after normalizing for the extra week of operations in the fourth quarter of fiscal ~~2019 and~~2021. We report results of operations based on 52/53 week periods ending on the ~~subsequent wind-down~~Sunday nearest September 30. As a result, our fiscal 2021 had 53 weeks compared to 52 weeks this year with the extra week occurring in the fourth quarter of ~~those activities in~~ fiscal ~~2020, which included the disposal of related equipment.~~2021.

U.S. State and Local Government. Our U.S. state and local government revenue increased ~~12.0%~~ 23.7% in the first half of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same period last year. The increase reflects continued broad-based growth in our U.S. state and local government project-related infrastructure business, particularly with increased revenue from municipal water infrastructure work in the metropolitan areas of California, Texas and Florida. Our ~~episodic~~ disaster response activities also increased compared to the first half of ~~last year.~~fiscal 2021. Most of our work for the U.S. state and local governments relates to critical water and environmental programs, which we expect to continue to grow ~~at a rate similar to~~for the ~~first half~~remainder of ~~this~~ fiscal year. The risk of further budgetary constraints to our clients is mitigated with the passage of the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021, signed into law on March 11, 2021, which provides financial support for state and local governments.2022.

U.S. Federal Government. Our U.S. federal government revenue ~~increased 9.2%~~ decreased 2.5% in the first half of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 compared to the prior-year ~~period~~.period. The decrease was due to reduced international development activity, especially in Afghanistan. This ~~increase includes the contributions from acquisitions, which did not have comparable revenue in the first half of fiscal 2020. These contributions were~~decline was partially offset by ~~reduced international development activities as COVID-19 travel restrictions have caused some project delays.~~ increased year-over-year revenue for both Department of Defense and civilian agencies. During periods of economic volatility, including during the COVID-19 pandemic, our U.S. federal government business has historically been the most stable and predictable. Our revenue also includes contributions from acquisitions that did not contribute to our revenue in the first half of fiscal 2021. We expect our U.S. federal government revenue to grow ~~modestly in~~for the remainder of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 primarily due to ~~continued~~ increased ~~federal~~ advanced analytics ~~activity. However, U.S. federal spending amounts~~activity and ~~priorities could change significantly from our~~the current ~~expectations, which could have a significant positive or negative impact~~administration's focus on ~~our fiscal 2021 revenue.~~long-term infrastructure and climate change.

U.S. Commercial. Our U.S. commercial revenue ~~decreased 11.9%~~ increased 15.6% in the first half of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 compared to the same period last year. ~~The decline~~ This increase was primarily due to ~~reduced industrial~~more activity ~~as a result of~~on environmental programs, including meeting net zero carbon goals and high performance buildings. We expect these trends and the ~~COVID-19 pandemic. We currently expect~~related growth in our U.S. commercial ~~revenue~~work to grow in the second half of the fiscal year with higher revenue from renewable energy and environmental programs, and more favorable year-over-year comparisons than first half of the fiscal year; however, if adverse conditions due to the COVID-19 pandemic are prolonged, it could have a negative impact on our revenuecontinue for the ~~second half~~remainder of ~~the~~ fiscal ~~year.~~2022.

International. Our international revenue ~~decreased 9.2%~~ increased 22.7% in the first half of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 compared to the prior-year period. The revenue growth primarily reflects government stimulus spending on infrastructure and commercial activity related to an increased focus on sustainability~~Excluding the impact of the aforementioned prior-year disposal of~~. Our revenue also includes contributions from acquisitions that did not contribute to our ~~Canadian turn-key pipeline activities, our international~~ revenue ~~decreased 7.5%~~ in the first half of fiscal ~~2021 compared to~~2021. We expect these trends and the ~~same period last year. The revenue decline primarily reflects the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, partially offset by increased renewable energy activity~~related growth in ~~Canada. We currently expect~~ our ~~overall~~ international ~~government~~ work to ~~grow in~~continue for the ~~second half~~remainder of ~~this~~ fiscal year with improving economic conditions and more favorable year-over-year comparisons; however, our international commercial activities could have a significant adverse impact if the current economic conditions due to COVID-19 are prolonged.2022.

2627

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Consolidated Results of Operations


		Three Months Ended												Six Months Ended										Three Months Ended										Six Months Ended
		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020				Change						March 28, 2021			March 29, 2020		Change					April 3, 2022				March 28, 2021		Change				April 3, 2022			March 28, 2021		Change
						$				%						$			%							$				%						$			%
		($ in thousands)																						($ in thousands, except per share data)
Revenue	Revenue	$	754,764			$	734,133			$	20,631		2.8%				$	1,519,868	$	1,531,756	$	(11,888)			(0.8)%		Revenue	$	852,744	$	754,764	$	97,980	13.0%			$	1,711,255	$	1,519,868	$	191,387	12.6%
Subcontractor costs	Subcontractor costs	(154,939)		(149,673)				(5,266)				(3.5)		(314,873)			(333,274)		18,401		5.5		Subcontractor costs	(153,103)				(154,939)		1,836		1.2		(332,280)			(314,873)		(17,407)		(5.5)
Revenue, net of subcontractor costs (1)	Revenue, net of subcontractor costs (1)	599,825		584,460				15,365				2.6		1,204,995			1,198,482		6,513		0.5		Revenue, net of subcontractor costs (1)	699,641				599,825		99,816		16.6		1,378,975			1,204,995		173,980		14.4
Other costs of revenue	Other costs of revenue	(487,341)		(487,460)				119				—		(976,201)			(991,745)		15,544		1.6		Other costs of revenue	(564,468)				(487,341)		(77,127)		(15.8)		(1,104,035)			(976,201)		(127,834)		(13.1)
Gross profit	Gross profit	112,484		97,000				15,484				16.0		228,794			206,737		22,057		10.7		Gross profit	135,173				112,484		22,689		20.2		274,940			228,794		46,146		20.2
Selling, general and administrative expenses	Selling, general and administrative expenses	(51,907)		(51,041)				(866)				(1.7)		(101,928)			(97,476)		(4,452)		(4.6)		Selling, general and administrative expenses	(60,653)				(51,677)		(8,976)		(17.4)		(113,200)			(101,735)		(11,465)		(11.3)

Contingent consideration - fair value adjustments		230		1,571				(1,341)				(85.4)		193			1,571		(1,378)		(87.7)

Income from operations	Income from operations	60,807		47,530				13,277				27.9		127,059			110,832		16,227		14.6		Income from operations	74,520				60,807		13,713		22.6		161,740			127,059		34,681		27.3
Interest expense	Interest expense	(2,823)		(3,501)				678				19.4		(5,849)			(6,849)		1,000		14.6		Interest expense	(3,144)				(2,823)		(321)		(11.4)		(6,048)			(5,849)		(199)		(3.4)
Income before income tax expense	Income before income tax expense	57,984		44,029				13,955				31.7		121,210			103,983		17,227		16.6		Income before income tax expense	71,376				57,984		13,392		23.1		155,692			121,210		34,482		28.4
Income tax expense	Income tax expense	(12,456)		(7,616)				(4,840)				(63.6)		(23,234)			(20,253)		(2,981)		(14.7)		Income tax expense	(18,327)				(12,456)		(5,871)		(47.1)		(34,144)			(23,234)		(10,910)		(47.0)
Net income	Net income	45,528		36,413				9,115				25.0		97,976			83,730		14,246		17.0		Net income	53,049				45,528		7,521		16.5		121,548			97,976		23,572		24.1
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(11)		(16)				5				31.3		(23)			(23)		—		—		Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(9)				(11)		2		18.2		(19)			(23)		4		(17.4)
Net income attributable to Tetra Tech	Net income attributable to Tetra Tech	$	45,517	$	36,397			$	9,120			25.1		$	97,953		$	83,707	$	14,246	17.0		Net income attributable to Tetra Tech	$	53,040			$	45,517	$	7,523	16.5		$	121,529		$	97,953	$	23,576	24.1
Diluted earnings per share	Diluted earnings per share	$	0.83	$	0.66			$	0.17			25.8%		$	1.79		$	1.51	$	0.28	18.5%		Diluted earnings per share	$	0.98			$	0.83	$	0.15	18.1%		$	2.23		$	1.79	$	0.44	24.6%

(1) We believe that the presentation of “Revenue, net of subcontractor costs”, which is a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure, enhances investors’ ability to analyze our business trends and performance because it substantially measures the work performed by our employees. While providing services, we routinely subcontract various services and, under certain U.S. Agency for International Development programs, issue grants. Generally, these subcontractor costs and grants are passed through to our clients and, in accordance with U.S. GAAP and industry practice, are included in our revenue when it is our contractual responsibility to procure or manage these activities. The grants are included as part of our subcontractor costs. Because subcontractor services can vary significantly from project to project and period to period, changes in revenue may not necessarily be indicative of our business trends. Accordingly, we segregate subcontractor costs from revenue to promote a better understanding of our business by evaluating revenue exclusive of costs associated with external service providers.	(1) We believe that the presentation of “Revenue, net of subcontractor costs”, which is a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure, enhances investors’ ability to analyze our business trends and performance because it substantially measures the work performed by our employees. While providing services, we routinely subcontract various services and, under certain U.S. Agency for International Development programs, issue grants. Generally, these subcontractor costs and grants are passed through to our clients and, in accordance with U.S. GAAP and industry practice, are included in our revenue when it is our contractual responsibility to procure or manage these activities. The grants are included as part of our subcontractor costs. Because subcontractor services can vary significantly from project to project and period to period, changes in revenue may not necessarily be indicative of our business trends. Accordingly, we segregate subcontractor costs from revenue to promote a better understanding of our business by evaluating revenue exclusive of costs associated with external service providers.																						(1) We believe that the presentation of “Revenue, net of subcontractor costs”, which is a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure, enhances investors’ ability to analyze our business trends and performance because it substantially measures the work performed by our employees. While providing services, we routinely subcontract various services and, under certain U.S. Agency for International Development programs, issue grants. Generally, these subcontractor costs and grants are passed through to our clients and, in accordance with U.S. GAAP and industry practice, are included in our revenue when it is our contractual responsibility to procure or manage these activities. The grants are included as part of our subcontractor costs. Because subcontractor services can vary significantly from project to project and period to period, changes in revenue may not necessarily be indicative of our business trends. Accordingly, we segregate subcontractor costs from revenue to promote a better understanding of our business by evaluating revenue exclusive of costs associated with external service providers.

In the second quarter of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, revenue and revenue, net of subcontractor costs, increased ~~$20.6~~$98.0 million, or ~~2.8%~~13.0%, and ~~$15.4~~$99.8 million, or ~~2.6%~~16.6%, respectively, compared to the year-ago quarter. Excluding the ~~net~~ contributions from acquisitions that did not have activity in the ~~aforementioned acquisitions/disposal,~~second quarter of last year, our revenue ~~was comparable~~increased approximately 7% in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 compared to the second quarter of fiscal ~~2020.~~

2021.

~~In the first half of fiscal 2021,~~Our GSG segment's revenue and revenue, net of subcontractor costs, ~~decreased $11.9~~increased $16.4 million, or ~~0.8%~~3.8%, and ~~increased $6.5~~$27.4 million, or ~~0.5%~~8.8%, respectively, in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 compared to last year's second quarter. Our CIG segment's revenue increased $81.5 million, or 24.3%, and revenue, net of subcontractor costs, increased $72.9 million, or 25.2% in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2021.

In the first half of fiscal 2022, revenue and revenue, net of subcontractor costs, increased $191.4 million, or 12.6%, and $174.0 million, or 14.4%, respectively, compared to the prior-year period. Excluding the ~~net~~ contributions from ~~the aforementioned acquisitions/disposal, our revenue decreased 3.8%~~acquisitions that did not have activity in the first half of fiscal 2021, our revenue increased approximately 7% in the first half of fiscal 2022 compared to the first half of fiscal 2021.Our GSG segment's revenue and revenue, net of subcontractor costs, increased $47.8 million, or 5.6%, and $49.9 million, or 8.1%, respectively, in the first half of fiscal 2022 compared to the prior-year period. ~~The decline was primarily due~~Our CIG segment's revenue increased $141.3 million, or 20.4%, and revenue, net of subcontractor costs, increased $124.6 million, or 21.1% in the first half of fiscal 2022 compared to the ~~adverse impact~~first half of ~~the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly on~~fiscal 2021. Our quarterly and year-to-date results for our ~~U.S.~~GSG and ~~international commercial revenue.~~CIG segments are described below under "Government Services Group" and "Commercial/International Services Group", respectively.

The following table reconciles our reported results to non-U.S. GAAP adjusted results, which exclude ~~gains on non-core equipment disposals, earn-out adjustments,~~a non-operating benefit of Employee Retention Credits ("ERC's") related to COVID-19 ~~impact and RCM results. The gains on non-core equipment disposals relate to the disposal of our Canadian turn-key pipeline activities that commenced~~ in the ~~fourth~~first quarter of fiscal ~~2019.~~2022. The effective tax rate applied to the ~~adjustments~~adjustment to earnings per share ("EPS") to arrive at adjusted EPS ~~averaged 23.3% in the first half of fiscal 2020.~~was 26%. We applied the relevant marginal statutory tax rate based on the nature of the ~~adjustments~~adjustment and tax jurisdiction in which ~~they occur. There were no adjustments in the first half of fiscal 2021.~~it occurred. Both EPS and adjusted EPS were calculated using diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding ~~for the respective periods~~ as reflected in our consolidated statements of income.

During the second quarter of fiscal 2020, we took actions in response to the COVID-19 pandemic to ensure the health and safety of our employees, clients, and communities. These actions included activating our Business Continuity Plan globally, which enabled 95% of our workforce to work remotely and all 450 of our global offices to remain operational supporting our programs and projects. This required incremental costs for employee relocation, expansion of our virtual private network capabilities, enhanced security, and sanitizing of our offices. In addition, we incurred severance costs to right-size select operations where projects were cancelled specifically due to COVID-19 concerns and the resulting macroeconomic conditions. These incremental costs totaled $8.2 million in the second quarter of fiscal 2020. Although the charges were recognized in the second quarter, substantially all of these costs were paid in cash in the third quarter of fiscal 2020.

Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
March 28,
2021 March 29,
2020 Change March 28,
2021 March 29,
2020 Change
$ % $ %
($ in thousands)
Income from operations $ 60,807 $ 47,530 $ 13,277 27.9% $ 127,059 $ 110,832 $ 16,227 14.6%
RCM (1) 1 (2) NM (1) — (1) NM
Non-core equipment disposal — (2,184) 2,184 NM — (2,984) 2,984 NM
Earn-out adjustments — (971) 971 NM — (971) 971 NM
COVID-19 — 8,233 (8,233) NM — 8,233 (8,233) NM
Adjusted income from operations (1)
$ 60,806 $ 52,609 $ 8,197 15.6% $ 127,058 $ 115,110 $ 11,948 10.4%
EPS $ 0.83 $ 0.66 $ 0.17 25.8% $ 1.79 $ 1.51 $ 0.28 18.5%
RCM — — — NM — — — NM
Non-core equipment disposal — (0.03) 0.03 NM — (0.04) 0.04 NM
Earn-out adjustments — (0.01) 0.01 NM — (0.01) 0.01 NM
COVID-19 — 0.11 (0.11) NM — 0.11 (0.11) NM
Adjusted EPS (1)
$ 0.83 $ 0.73 $ 0.10 13.7% $ 1.79 $ 1.57 $ 0.22 14.0%


	Three Months Ended							Six Months Ended
	April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021		Change			April 3, 2022		March 28, 2021		Change
					$		%					$		%
	($ in thousands, except per share data)
Income from operations	$	74,520	$	60,807	$	13,713	22.6%	$	161,740	$	127,059	$	34,681	27.3%


COVID-19 Credits	—		—		—		NM	(4,451)		—		(4,451)		NM
Adjusted income from operations (1)	$	74,520	$	60,807	$	13,713	22.6%	$	157,289	$	127,059	$	30,230	23.8%

EPS	$	0.98	$	0.83	$	0.15	18.1%	$	2.23	$	1.79	$	0.44	24.6%


COVID-19 Credits	—		—		—		NM	(0.06)		—		(0.06)		NM
Adjusted EPS (1)	$	0.98	$	0.83	$	0.15	18.1%	$	2.17	$	1.79	$	0.38	21.2%

NM = not meaningful

(1) Non-GAAP financial measure

Operating income increased $13.7 million, or 22.6%, in the second quarter of fiscal 2022 compared to the second quarter last year. In the first half of fiscal 2022, operating income increased $34.7 million, or 27.3%, compared to the first half of fiscal 2021. The first half of fiscal 2022 results include the benefit of ERC's totaling $4.5 million, which represents reimbursement from the U.S. federal government under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act for the costs we incurred during the second quarter of fiscal 2020 to address the COVID-19 pandemic. These amounts were recognized in the first quarter of fiscal 2022 when the funds were received due to the uncertainty related to the computation of qualifying amounts and delayed processing times for our application. These amounts were primarily reflected as a reduction to "Other Costs of Revenue" in our Consolidated Statement of Income and an increase to "Cash Provided by Operations" in our Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the first half of fiscal 2022, consistent with the presentation of the related costs in the second quarter of fiscal 2020. The ERC's increased operating income in our GSG and CIG segments by $3.1 million and $1.4 million, respectively. Excluding the ERC's, our adjusted operating income increased $30.2 million, or 23.8%, in the first half of fiscal 2022 compared to year-ago period. These increases reflect improved results in both GSG and CIG segments, which are described below under "Government Services Group" and "Commercial/International Services Group", respectively.

~~Our operating income~~Net interest expense increased ~~$13.3~~$0.3 million and ~~$16.2~~$0.2 million in the second quarter and first half of fiscal 2021, respectively, compared to fiscal 2020 periods. Our GSG segment's operating income increased $10.8 million and $16.4 million in the second quarter and first half of fiscal 2021, respectively, compared to the prior-year periods. These results are described below under "Government Services Group." Our CIG segment's operating income increased $4.6 million and $2.6 million in the second quarter and first half of fiscal 2021, respectively, compared to the year-ago periods. These results are described below under "Commercial/International Services Group."

~~Our net interest expense decreased $0.7 million and $1.0 million in the second quarter and first half of fiscal 2021,~~2022, respectively, compared to the prior-year periods. The ~~decreases primarily reflect reduced~~increased interest expense related to our contingent earn-out liabilities was substantially offset by the benefit of lower average year-over-year borrowings.

Our income tax expense increased $4.8 million and $3.0 million in the second quarter and first half of fiscal 2021, respectively, compared to the same periods last year due to increased pre-tax income. OurThe effective tax rates for the first ~~half~~halves of fiscal 2022 and 2021 were 21.9% and ~~2020 were~~ 19.2% ~~and 19.5%~~, respectively. Income tax expense was reduced by ~~$8.0~~$4.8 million and ~~$6.7~~$8.0 million of excess tax benefits on share-based payments in the first ~~half~~halves of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. Excluding the impact of ~~the excess~~these tax benefits, ~~on share-based payments,~~ our effective tax rates infor the first ~~half~~halves of fiscal 2022 and 2021 were 25.0% and ~~2020 were~~ 25.8% ~~and 25.9%~~, respectively.

Our EPS was ~~$0.83~~$0.98 and ~~$1.79~~$2.23 in the second quarter and first half of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, compared to ~~$0.66~~$0.83 and ~~$1.51~~$1.79 in the prior-year ~~periods, respectively.~~periods. On the same basis as our adjusted operating income, adjusted EPS was ~~$0.83 and $1.79~~$2.17 in the ~~second quarter and~~ first half of fiscal ~~2021, compared to $0.73 and $1.57 in fiscal 2020 periods, respectively.~~2022.

Segment Results of Operations

Government Services Group


		Three Months Ended												Six Months Ended										Three Months Ended										Six Months Ended
		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020				Change						March 28, 2021			March 29, 2020		Change					April 3, 2022				March 28, 2021		Change				April 3, 2022			March 28, 2021		Change
						$				%						$			%							$				%						$			%
		($ in thousands)																						($ in thousands)
Revenue	Revenue	$	473,829			$	436,903			$	36,926		8.5%				$	942,451	$	894,307	$	48,144			5.4%		Revenue	$	448,956	$	432,570	$	16,386	3.8%			$	905,054	$	857,233	$	47,821	5.6%
Subcontractor costs	Subcontractor costs	(126,744)		(115,861)				(10,883)				(9.4)		(250,448)			(243,559)		(6,889)		(2.8)		Subcontractor costs	(111,480)				(122,520)		11,040		9.0		(240,482)			(242,551)		2,069		0.9
Revenue, net of subcontractor costs	Revenue, net of subcontractor costs	$	347,085	$	321,042			$	26,043			8.1		$	692,003		$	650,748	$	41,255	6.3		Revenue, net of subcontractor costs	$	337,476			$	310,050	$	27,426	8.8		$	664,572		$	614,682	$	49,890	8.1

Income from operations	Income from operations	$	46,109	$	35,347			$	10,762			30.4%		$	93,809		$	77,395	$	16,414	21.2%		Income from operations	$	50,344			$	41,473	$	8,871	21.4%		$	101,524		$	84,169	$	17,355	20.6%

Revenue increased $16.4 million, or 3.8%, and revenue, net of subcontractor costs, increased ~~$36.9~~$27.4 million, or ~~8.5%~~8.8%, ~~and $26.0 million, or 8.1%, respectively,~~ in the second quarter of fiscal ~~2021~~2022 compared to the year-ago quarter. For the first half of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, revenue increased $47.8 million, or 5.6%, and revenue, net of subcontractor costs, increased ~~$48.1~~$49.9 million, or ~~5.4%~~8.1%, ~~and $41.3 million, or 6.3%, respectively,~~ compared to the ~~prior-year period.~~ first half of last year. These increases primarily reflect higher U.S. state and local government ~~activity for~~activities related to water and environmental programs and disaster response activities. Additionally, the increases also reflect contributions from the aforementioned acquisitions. These increases were partially offset by lower international development revenue due to project delays caused by COVID-19.projects.

Operating income increased ~~$10.8~~$8.9 million and ~~$16.4~~$17.4 million in the second quarter and first half of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, respectively, compared to the prior-year ~~periods,~~ ~~reflecting~~periods. Operating income in the ~~higher revenue. In addition, we incurred $1.6~~first half of fiscal 2022 included $3.1 million of ~~incremental costs for actions to respond~~the aforementioned ERC's. Excluding this benefit, operating income increased 17.0% in the first half of fiscal 2022 compared to the ~~COVID-19 pandemic in the second quarter of fiscal 2020.~~same period last year. Our operating margin, based on revenue, net of subcontractor costs, improved to ~~13.6%~~15.3% for the first half of fiscal 2022 compared to 13.7% for fiscal 2021 period. Excluding the ERC's, our operating margin was 14.8% in the first half of fiscal 2021 compared to 11.9% in the same period last year. Excluding the COVID-19 charges, our operating margin was 12.1% in the first half of fiscal 2020. The improved operating margin was primarily due to improved labor utilization.

~~Commercial/International Services Group~~

Three Months Ended Six Months Ended
March 28,
2021 March 29,
2020 Change March 28, 2021 March 29, 2020 Change
$ % $ %
($ in thousands)
Revenue $ 293,128 $ 308,412 $ (15,284) (5.0)% $ 604,152 $ 659,576 $ (55,424) (8.4) %
Subcontractor costs (40,923) (44,929) 4,006 8.9 (91,695) (111,814) 20,119 18.0
Revenue, net of subcontractor costs $ 252,205 $ 263,483 $ (11,278) (4.3) $ 512,457 $ 547,762 $ (35,305) (6.4)
Income from operations $ 26,311 $ 21,676 $ 4,635 21.4% $ 55,869 $ 53,309 $ 2,560 4.8 %

Revenue and revenue, net of subcontractor costs, decreased $15.3 million, or 5.0%, and $11.3 million, or 4.3%, respectively, in the second quarter of fiscal 2021 compared to the prior-year quarter. For the first half of fiscal 2021, revenue and revenue, net of subcontractor costs, decreased $55.4 million, or 8.4%, and $35.3 million, or 6.4%, respectively, compared to the year-ago period. Excluding the impact of the disposal of our Canadian turn-key pipeline activities, revenue decreased 4.2% and 7.2% in the second quarter and first half of fiscal 2021, respectively, compared to fiscal 2020 periods. The declines primarily reflect the adverse impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Operating income increased $4.6 million and $2.6 million in the second quarter and first half of fiscal 2021, respectively, compared to fiscal 2020 periods. In the second quarter of fiscal 2020, we incurred $6.6 million of incremental costs for actions to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. ~~Additionally, operating income in the second quarter and first half of fiscal 2020 included gains of $2.2 million and $3.0 million, respectively, from the disposition of non-core equipment.~~ Excluding the fiscal 2020 COVID-19 charges and disposition gains, operating income increased $0.2 million and decreased $1.0 million in the second quarter and first half of fiscal 2021, respectively, compared to fiscal 2020 periods. Our operating margin, based on revenue, net of subcontractor costs, improved to 10.9% in the first half of fiscal 2021 compared to 9.7% in the same period last year. Excluding the COVID-19 charges and disposition gains, our operating margin was 10.4% in the first half of fiscal 2020.2022. The improved operating margin was primarily due to our increased focus on high-end consulting ~~services.~~services and improved labor utilization.

~~Remediation and Construction Management~~Commercial/International Services Group


		Three Months Ended										Six Months Ended								Three Months Ended											Six Months Ended
		March 28, 2021		March 29, 2020				Change				March 28, 2021			March 29, 2020		Change			April 3, 2022					March 28, 2021		Change				April 3, 2022			March 28, 2021		Change
						$								$									$				%						$			%
		($ in thousands)																		($ in thousands)
Revenue	Revenue	$	470			$	5			$	465				$	470	$	150			$	320		Revenue	$	416,945	$	335,432	$	81,513	24.3%			$	833,231	$	691,958	$	141,273		20.4	%
Subcontractor costs	Subcontractor costs	65		(70)				135				65			(178)		243		Subcontractor costs	(54,780)					(46,192)		(8,588)		(18.6)		(118,828)			(102,179)		(16,649)		(16.3)
Revenue, net of subcontractor costs	Revenue, net of subcontractor costs	$	535	$	(65)			$	600			$	535		$	(28)	$	563	Revenue, net of subcontractor costs	$	362,165				$	289,240	$	72,925	25.2		$	714,403		$	589,779	$	124,624	21.1

Income (loss) from operations		$	1	$	(1)			$	2			$	1		$	1	$	—
Income from operations																			Income from operations	$	40,485				$	30,946	$	9,539	30.8%		$	85,792		$	65,509	$	20,283	31.0		%

~~RCM's projects were substantially complete at~~Revenue increased $81.5 million, or 24.3%, and revenue, net of subcontractor costs, increased $72.9 million, or 25.2%, in the ~~end~~second quarter of fiscal ~~2018. There~~2022 compared to last year's second quarter. For the first half of fiscal 2022, revenue increased $141.3 million, or 20.4%, and revenue, net of subcontractor costs, increased $124.6 million, or 21.1%, compared to the first half of fiscal 2021. The revenue growth in the first half of fiscal 2022 primarily reflects more activity on commercial environmental programs, including meeting net zero carbon goals and high performance buildings. These increases were ~~no significant activities~~also

due to international government stimulus spending on infrastructure. Additionally, revenue in ~~RCM for~~the first half of fiscal 2022, includes contributions from acquisitions, which did not have comparable revenue in the first half of last year.

Operating income increased $9.5 million and $20.3 million, in the second quarter and first half of fiscal 2022, respectively, compared to the same periods last year. Operating income in the first half of fiscal 2022 included $1.4 million of the aforementioned ERC's. Excluding this benefit, operating income increased 28.9% in the first half of fiscal 2022 compared to fiscal 2021 period. Our operating margin, based on revenue, net of subcontractor costs, improved to 12.0% for the first half of fiscal 2022 compared to 11.1% for the prior-year period. Excluding the ERC's, our operating margin was 11.8% for the first half of fiscal 2022. The improved operating margin was primarily due to our increased focus on high-end consulting services and ~~2020.~~improved labor utilization.

Backlog

~~The following table provides a reconciliation between remaining unsatisfied performance obligations ("RUPOs") and backlog:~~

Balance at
March 28,
2021 September 27, 2020
(in thousands)
RUPOs $ 3,127,848 $ 3,218,973
Items impacting comparability:
Contract term 22,329 20,312
Backlog $ 3,150,177 $3,239,285

Backlog generally represents the dollar amount of revenues we expect to realize in the future when we perform the work. The difference between ~~RUPOs~~remaining unsatisfied performance obligations ("RUPO") and backlog relates to contract terms. Specifically, our backlog does not consider the impact of termination for convenience clauses within the contracts. The contract term and thus remaining performance obligation on certain of our operations and maintenance contracts, are limited to the notice period required for contract termination (usually 30, 60, or 90 days). At April 3, 2022 and October 3, 2021, the differences between our backlog and RUPO of $3.6 billion were immaterial.

Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources

Capital Requirements. As of ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, we had ~~$225.3~~$194.4 million of cash and cash equivalents and access to an additional ~~$720~~$799.3 million of borrowings available under our credit facility. During the first half of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, we generated ~~$157.4~~$177.5 million of cash from operations. To date, we have not experienced any significant deterioration in our financial condition or liquidity due to the COVID-19 pandemic and our credit facilities remain available.

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations and borrowings under our credit facilities. Our primary uses of cash are to fund working capital, ~~capital expenditures,~~ stock repurchases, cash dividends, capital expenditures and repayment of debt, as well as to fund acquisitions and earn-out obligations from prior acquisitions. We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents, operating cash flows and borrowing capacity under our credit agreement, as described below, will be sufficient to meet our capital requirements for at least the next 12 ~~months including any additional resources needed to address the COVID-19 pandemic.~~months.

We use a variety of tax planning and financing strategies to manage our worldwide cash and deploy funds to locations where they are needed. We currently have no need or plans to repatriate undistributed foreign earnings, atother than from Canada, in the foreseeable future; however, this ~~time.~~could change due to varied economic circumstances.

On ~~January 27, 2020,~~October 5, 2021, the Board of Directors authorized a new ~~$200 million~~ stock repurchase program under which ~~was included~~we could repurchase up to $400 million of our common stock in ~~our~~addition to the $147.8 million remaining ~~balance of $207.8 million as of fiscal 2020 year-end.~~under the previous stock repurchase program at October 3, 2021. In the first half of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, we repurchased and settled ~~249,714~~618,236 shares with an average price of ~~$120.14~~$161.75 per share for a total cost of ~~$30~~$100.0 million in the open market. At ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, we had a remaining balance of ~~$177.8~~$447.8 million under our stock repurchase program.

On November 9, 2020, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.17 per share payable on December 11, 2020 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on November 30, 2020. On January 25,15, 2021, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of ~~$0.17~~$0.20 per share payable on ~~February 26,~~December 20, 2021 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on ~~February 10,~~December 2, 2021.

~~Subsequent Event.~~ On ~~April 26, 2021,~~January 31, 2022, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.20 peper share payable on February 25, 2022 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on February 11, 2022.

Subsequent Event.r On May 2, 2022 the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.23 per share payable on May ~~28, 2021~~27, 2022 to stockholders of record as of the close of business on May ~~12, 2021.~~13, 2022.

Cash ~~Equivalents~~ and ~~Restricted Cash.~~Cash Equivalents. As of ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, our cash and cash equivalents ~~and restricted cash~~ were ~~$225.3~~$194.4 million, an increase of ~~$67.8~~$27.8 million compared to the fiscal ~~2020~~2021 year-end. The increase was primarily due to net cash provided by operating activities, ~~stock options exercised and the effect of exchange rate changes on cash,~~ partially offset by ~~net repayments of long-term debt,~~ stock repurchases, dividends, as well as payments for taxes ~~paid~~ on vested restricted ~~stock, dividends and contingent earn-out payments.~~stock.

Operating Activities. For the first half of fiscal ~~2021, ne~~t2022, net cash provided by operating activities was ~~$157.4~~$177.5 million, an increase of ~~$74.2~~$20.1 million compared to the prior-year period. The increase primarily ~~resulted~~reflects an increase in earnings adjusted for non-cash items and improved working capital from ~~the timing on payments to~~faster collections of our ~~vendors and employees.~~

~~Investing Activities. For~~receivables in the first half of fiscal ~~2021, net cash used in investing activities was $7.3 million, a decrease of $20.0 million~~2022 compared to the ~~year-ago period, due to SEG acquisition in the second quarter of~~ fiscal ~~2020.~~2021 period.

Investing Activities. For the first half of fiscal 2022, net cash used in investing activities was $35.6 million, an increase of $28.3 million compared to the prior-year period. The increase was primarily due to payments related to the acquisitions completed in the first half of fiscal 2022.

Financing Activities. For the first half of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, net cash used in financing activities was ~~$91.1~~$115.8 million, an increase of ~~$51.9~~$24.7 million compared to the same period last year. The ~~change~~increase was due to ahigher stock repurchases, taxes paid on vested restricted stock and stock options exercised. The increased uses of cash were partially offset by higher net ~~repayment on long-term debt of $25.7 million~~borrowings in the first half of fiscal ~~2021 compared~~2022, which was primarily used to ~~a net borrowing of $71.4 million in the prior-year period. This change was partially offset by decreased stock repurchases compared to the year-ago period.~~fund acquisitions.

Debt Financing. On ~~July 30, 2018,~~February 18, 2022, we entered into aAmendment No. 2 to Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“Amended Credit Agreement”) with a total borrowing capacity of $1$1.05 billion that will mature in ~~July 2023.~~February 2027. The Amended Credit Agreement is a ~~$700~~$750 million senior secured, five-year facility that provides for a $250 million term loan facility (the “Amended Term Loan Facility”), and a ~~$450~~$500 million revolving credit facility (the “Amended Revolving Credit Facility”)~~, and~~. In addition, the Amended Credit Agreement includes a $300 million accordion feature that allows us to increase the Amended Credit Agreement to $1$1.05 billion subject to lender approval. The Amended Credit Agreement ~~allows us to,~~provides for, among other things, (i) refinance indebtedness under our Credit Agreement dated as of ~~May 7, 2013;~~July 30, 2018; (ii) finance ~~certain permitted~~ open market repurchases of ~~our~~ common stock, ~~permitted~~ acquisitions, and cash dividends and distributions; and (iii) utilize the proceeds for working capital, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes. The Amended Credit Agreement provides for a reduction in the interest grid for meeting certain sustainability targets related to the (i) reduction of greenhouse gas emissions through the Company’s projects and operational sustainability initiatives and (ii) improvement of peoples’ lives as a result ofthe Company’s projects that provide environmental, social and governance benefits. The Amended Revolving Credit Facility includes a $100 million sublimit for the issuance of standby letters of credit, a $20 million sublimit for swingline loans, and a ~~$200~~$300 million sublimit for multicurrency borrowings and letters of credit.

The entire Amended Term Loan Facility was drawn on ~~July 30, 2018.~~February 18, 2022. The Amended Term Loan Facility is subject to quarterly amortization of principal at 5% annually ~~beginning December 31, 2018.~~commencing June 30, 2022. We may borrow on the Amended Revolving Credit Facility, at our option, at either (a) a ~~Eurocurrency~~benchmark rate plus a margin that ranges from ~~1.00%~~1.000% to ~~1.75%~~1.875% per annum, or (b) a base rate for loans in U.S. dollars (the highest of the U.S. federal funds rate plus 0.50% per annum, the bank’s prime rate or the ~~Eurocurrency~~Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") rate plus 1.00%), plus a margin that ranges from 0% to ~~0.75%~~0.875% per annum. In each case, the applicable margin is based on our Consolidated Leverage Ratio, calculated quarterly. The Amended Term Loan Facility is subject to the same interest rate provisions. The Amended Credit Agreement expires on ~~July 30, 2023,~~February 18, 2027, or earlier at our discretion upon payment in full of loans and other obligations.

As of ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, we had ~~$250.8 million~~$250.0 million. in outstanding borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement, which was comprised of ~~$221.9~~$250.0 million under the Amended Term Loan Facility and ~~$28.9 million~~no outstanding borrowings under the Amended Revolving Credit ~~Facility at a~~Facility. The year-to-date weighted-average interest rate of ~~1.30% per annum.~~the outstanding borrowings during April 3, 2022 is 1.27%. In addition, we had $0.7 million in standby letters of credit under the Amended Credit Agreement. Our ~~average effective~~year-to-date weighted-average interest rate on borrowings outstanding ~~during the three months ended March 28, 2021~~ under the Amended Credit Agreement, including the effects of interest rate swap agreements described in Note ~~14,~~15, “Derivative Financial Instruments” of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements”, was ~~3.27%~~3.50%. At ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, we had ~~$419.6~~$499.3 million of available credit under the Amended Revolving Credit Facility, all of which could be borrowed without a violation of our debt covenants.

The Amended Credit Agreement contains certain affirmative and restrictive covenants, and customary events of default. The financial covenants provide for a maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio of ~~3.00~~3.25 to 1.00 (total funded debt/EBITDA, as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement) and a minimum Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio of 3.00 to 1.00 (EBITDA/Consolidated Interest Charges, as defined in the Amended Credit Agreement). Our obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement are ~~guaranteed~~guaranteed by certain of our domestic subsidiaries and are secured by first priority liens on (i) the equity interests of certain of our subsidiaries, including those subsidiaries that are guarantors or borrowers under the Amended Credit Agreement, and (ii) the accounts receivable, general intangibles and intercompany loans, and those of our subsidiaries that are guarantors or borrowers. At ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, we were in compliance with these covenants with a consolidated leverage ratio of ~~1.03x~~0.82x and a consolidated interest coverage ratio of ~~23.06x.~~28.09x.

In addition to the Amended Credit Agreement, we maintain other credit facilities, which may be used for ~~bank overdrafts,~~ short-term cash advances and bank guarantees. At ~~March 28, 2021,~~ April 3, 2022, there ~~was $1.6 million~~were no outstanding borrowings under these facilities, and the aggregate amount of standby letters of credit outstanding was ~~$63.3~~$51.7 million. As of ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, we had no bank overdrafts ~~of $15.4 million~~ related to our ~~U.S. and U.K.~~ disbursement bank accounts. This balance is reported in the "Current portion of long-term debt and other short-term borrowings" on our consolidated balance sheet as of March 28, 2021. The change in bank overdraft balance is classified as cash flows from financing activities on our consolidated statements of cash flows as we believe these overdrafts to be a form of short-term financing from the bank due to our ability to fund the overdraft with the overdraft protection on the bank accounts or our other credit facilities if needed.

Inflation. We believe our operations have not been, and, in the foreseeable future, are not expected to be, materially adversely affected by inflation or changing prices due to the average duration of our projects and our ability to negotiate prices as contracts end and new contracts begin.

Dividends. Our Board of Directors has authorized the following dividends in fiscal ~~2021:~~2022:

Dividend
Per Share Record Date Total Maximum
Payment
(in thousands) Payment Date
November 9, 2020 $ 0.17 November 30, 2020 $ 9,198 December 11, 2020
January 25, 2021 $ 0.17 February 10, 2021 $ 9,212 February 26, 2021
April 26, 2021 $ 0.20 May 12, 2021 N/A May 28, 2021


	Dividend Per Share		Record Date	Total Maximum Payment (in thousands)		Payment Date
November 15, 2021	$	0.20	December 2, 2021	$	10,793	December 20, 2021
January 31, 2022	$	0.20	February 11, 2022	$	10,769	February 25, 2022

May 2, 2022	$	0.23	May 13, 2022	N/A		May 27, 2022

Income Taxes

We evaluate the realizability of our deferred tax assets by assessing the valuation allowance and adjust the allowance, if necessary. The factors used to assess the likelihood of realization are our forecast of future taxable income and available tax planning strategies that could be implemented to realize the net deferred tax assets. The ability or failure to achieve the forecasted taxable income in the applicable taxing jurisdictions could affect the ultimate realization of deferred tax assets. Based on projected future operating results in certain jurisdictions, it is ~~possible~~unlikely that the current valuation allowance positions of those jurisdictions could be adjusted in the next 12 ~~months, particularly in the United Kingdom where we have a valuation allowance of approximately $12.5 million primarily related to the realizability of net operating loss carry-forwards.~~months.

It is reasonably possible that the amount of the unrecognized benefit with respect to certain of our unrecognized tax positions may significantly decrease within the next 12 months.These liabilities represent our current estimates of the additional tax liabilities that we may be assessed when the related audits are concluded. If these audits are resolved in a manner more unfavorable than our current expectations, our additional tax liabilities could be materially higher than the amounts currently recorded resulting in additional tax expense.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

In the ordinary course of business, we may use off-balance sheet arrangements if we believe that such arrangements would be an efficient way to lower our cost of capital or help us manage the overall risks of our business operations. We do not believe that such arrangements have had a material adverse effect on our financial position or our results of operations.

The following is a summary of our off-balance sheet arrangements:

•Letters of credit and bank guarantees are used primarily to support project performance and insurance programs. We are required to reimburse the issuers of letters of credit and bank guarantees for any payments they make under the outstanding letters of credit or bank guarantees. Our Amended Credit Agreement and additional letter of credit facilities cover the ~~issuance~~issuance of our standby letters of credit and bank guarantees and are critical for our normal operations. If we default on the Amended Credit Agreement or additional credit facilities, our inability to issue or renew standby letters of credit and bank guarantees would impair our ability to maintain normal operations. At ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, we had $0.7 million in standby letters of credit outstanding under our Amended Credit Agreement and ~~$63.3~~$51.7 million in standby ~~letters~~letters of credit outstanding under our additional letter of credit facilities.

•From time to time, we provide guarantees and indemnifications related to our services. If our services under a guaranteed or indemnified project are later determined to have resulted in a material defect or other material deficiency, then we may be responsible for monetary damages or other legal remedies. When sufficient information about claims on guaranteed or indemnified projects is available and monetary damages or other costs or losses are determined to be probable, we recognize such guaranteed losses.

•In the ordinary course of business, we enter into various agreements as part of certain unconsolidated subsidiaries, joint ventures, and other jointly executed contracts where we are jointly and severally liable. We enter into these agreements primarily to support the project execution commitments of these entities. The potential payment amount of an outstanding performance guarantee is typically the remaining cost of work to be

performed by or on behalf of third parties under engineering and construction contracts. However, we are not able to estimate other amounts that may be required to be paid in excess of estimated costs to complete contracts and, accordingly, the total potential payment amount under our outstanding performance guarantees cannot be estimated. For cost-plus contracts, amounts that may become payable pursuant to guarantee provisions are normally recoverable from the client for work performed under the contract. For lump sum or fixed-price

contracts, this amount is the cost to complete the contracted work less amounts remaining to be billed to the client under the contract. Remaining billable amounts could be greater or less than the cost to complete. In those cases where costs exceed the remaining amounts payable under the contract, we may have recourse to third parties, such as owners, co-venturers, subcontractors or vendors, for claims.

•In the ordinary course of business, our clients may request that we obtain surety bonds in connection with contract performance obligations that are not required to be recorded in our consolidated balance sheets. We are obligated to reimburse the issuer of our surety bonds for any payments made thereunder. Each of our commitments under performance bonds generally ends concurrently with the expiration of our related contractual obligation.

Critical Accounting Policies

Our critical accounting policies are disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended ~~September 27, 2020.~~October 3, 2021. To date, there have been no material changes in our critical accounting policies as reported in our ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

New Accounting Pronouncements

For information regarding recent accounting pronouncements, see “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements” included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report.

Financial Market Risks

We do not enter into derivative financial instruments for trading or speculation purposes. In the normal course of business, we have exposure to both interest rate risk and foreign currency transaction and translation risk, primarily related to the Canadian and Australian dollar, and British Pound.

We are exposed to interest rate risk under our Amended Credit Agreement. We can borrow, at our option, under both the Amended Term Loan Facility and Amended Revolving Credit Facility. We may borrow on the Amended Revolving Credit Facility, at our option, at either (a) a ~~Eurocurrency~~benchmark rate plus a margin that ranges from ~~1.00%~~1.000% to ~~1.75%~~1.875% per annum, or (b) a base rate for loans in U.S. dollars (the highest of the U.S. federal funds rate plus 0.50% per annum, the bank’s prime rate or the ~~Eurocurrency~~SOFR rate plus 1.00%) plus a margin that ranges from 0% to ~~0.75%~~0.875% per annum. In each case, the applicable margin is based on our Consolidated Leverage Ratio, calculated quarterly. The Amended Term Loan Facility is subject to the same interest rate provisions. Borrowings at the base rate have no designated term and may be repaid without penalty any time prior to the Facility’s maturity date. Borrowings at a ~~Eurodollar~~SOFR rate have a term no less than 30 days and no greater than 180 days and may be prepaid without penalty. Typically, at the end of such term, such borrowings may be rolled over at our discretion into either a borrowing at the base rate or a borrowing at a ~~Eurodollar~~SOFR rate with similar terms, not to exceed the maturity date of the Facility. The Facility matures on ~~July 30, 2023.~~February 18, 2027. At ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, we had $250.0 million in outstanding borrowings ~~outstanding~~ under the Amended Credit Agreement, which was comprised of ~~$250.8~~$250.0 million ~~at a~~under the Amended Term Loan Facility and no outstanding borrowings under the Amended Revolving Credit Facility. The year-to-date weighted-average interest rate of ~~1.30% per annum.~~the outstanding borrowings during fiscal 2022 was 1.27%.

In August 2018, we entered into five interest rate swap agreements with five banks to fix the variable interest rate on $250 million of our Amended Term Loan Facility. The ~~objective~~objective of these interest rate swaps was to eliminate the variability of our cash flows on the amount of interest expense we pay under our Credit Agreement. As of ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, the notional principal of our outstanding interest swap agreements was ~~$221.9~~$206.3 million ($~~44.4~~41.3 million each.) Our year-to-date average effective interest rate on borrowings outstanding under the Credit Agreement, including the ~~effec~~tseffects of interest rate swap agreements, at ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, was ~~3.27%~~ 3.50%. For more information, see Note ~~14,~~15, “Derivative Financial Instruments” of the “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements”.

Most of our transactions are in U.S. dollars; however, some of our subsidiaries conduct business in foreign currencies, primarily the Canadian and Australian dollar, and British Pound. Therefore, we are subject to currency exposure and volatility because of currency fluctuations. We attempt to minimize our exposure to these fluctuations by matching revenue and expenses in the same currency for our contracts. For the first half of fiscal 2021, ~~and 2020,~~ we reported $1.3 million of foreign currency ~~loss and $0.2 million of foreign currency gain, respectively,~~losses in ~~“Selling,~~

“Selling, general and administrative expenses” on our consolidated statements of income. The foreign currency impact for the first half of fiscal 2022 was immaterial.

We have foreign currency exchange rate exposure in our results of operations and equity primarily because of the currency translation related to our foreign subsidiaries where the local currency is the functional currency. To the extent the U.S. dollar strengthens against foreign currencies, the translation of these foreign currency denominated transactions will result in reduced revenue, operating expenses, assets and liabilities. Similarly, our revenue, opoperati~~erating~~ng expenses, assets and liabilities will increase if the U.S. dollar weakens against foreign currencies. For the first ~~half~~halves of fiscal 2022 and 2021, 30.8% and ~~2020,~~ 28.3% ~~and 30.9%~~

of our consolidated revenue, respectively, was generated by our international business. For the first half of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, the effect of foreign exchange rate translation on the consolidated balance sheets was an increase in our equity by ~~$43.4~~$2.1 million compared to ~~a decrease~~an increase in equity of ~~$33.1~~$43.4 million in the first half of fiscal ~~2020.~~2021. These amounts were recognized as ~~adjustment~~sadjustments to equity through other comprehensive income.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Please refer to the information we have included under the heading “Financial Market Risks” in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in Item 2 of this Form 10-Q which is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures and changes in internal control over financial reporting. As of ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, we carried out an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on our management’s evaluation (with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer), our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), were effective.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended ~~March 28, 2021~~April 3, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. �� Legal Proceedings

For information regarding legal proceedings, see Note ~~16,~~17, "Commitments and Contingencies" included in the "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements" included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q which is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes in our risk factors disclosed in Part I, Item 1A in our ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K. For updated disclosures related to interest and exchange rate risks, see “Financial Market Risks” in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in Item 2 of this Form 10-Q which is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

On ~~January 27, 2020,~~October 5, 2021, the Board of Directors authorized a new ~~$200 million~~ stock repurchase program under which ~~was included~~we could repurchase up to $400 million of our common stock in ~~our~~addition to the $147.8 million remaining ~~balance of $207.8 million as of fiscal 2020 year-end.~~under the previous stock repurchase program at October 3, 2021. In the first half of fiscal ~~2021,~~2022, we repurchased and settled ~~249,714~~618,236 shares with an average price of ~~$120.14~~$161.75 per share for a total cost of ~~$30~~$100.0 million in the open market. At ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, we had a remaining balance of ~~$177.8~~$447.8 million under our stock repurchase program.

Below is a summary of the stock repurchases that were traded and settled during the first half of fiscal ~~2021:~~2022:

Period Total Number
of Shares
Purchased Average Price
Paid per Share Total Number
of Shares
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced
Plans or
Programs Maximum
Dollar Value
that May Yet
be Purchased
Under the
Plans or
Programs (in thousands)
September 28, 2020 - October 25, 2020 45,574 $ 102.67 45,574 $ 203,134
October 26, 2020 - November 22, 2020 46,975 110.67 46,975 197,935
November 23, 2020 - December 27, 2020 42,864 119.50 42,864 192,813
December 28, 2020 - January 24, 2021 33,790 125.46 33,790 188,574
January 25, 2021 - February 21, 2021 37,992 132.50 37,992 183,540
February 22, 2021 - March 28, 2021 42,519 134.69 42,519 177,813


Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Dollar Value that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (in thousands)
October 4, 2021 - October 31, 2021	97,020	$	160.47	97,020	$	532,244
November 1, 2021 - November 28, 2021	91,216	180.16		91,216	515,811
November 29, 2021 - January 2, 2022	101,960	176.52		101,960	497,813
January 3, 2022 - January 30, 2022	96,908	185.62		96,908	483,279
January 31, 2022 - February 27, 2022	110,858	162.17		110,858	$	467,036
February 28, 2022 - April 3, 2022	120,274	149.40		120,274	447,813

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Section 1503 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the "Dodd-Frank Act") requires domestic mine operators to disclose violations and orders issued under the Mine Act by Mine Safety and Health Administration. We do not act as the owner of any mines, but we may act as a mining operator as defined under the Mine Act where we may be an independent contractor performing services or construction at such mine. Information concerning mine safety violations or other regulatory matters required by Section 1503(a) of the Dodd-Frank Act and Item 104 of Regulation S-K is included in Exhibit 95.

Item 6. Exhibits

The following documents are filed as Exhibits to this Report:



31.1			Chief Executive Officer Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).

31.2			Chief Financial Officer Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a).

32.1			Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 1350.

32.2			Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 1350.

95			Mine Safety Disclosure.

101			The following financial information from our Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, for the period ended ~~March 28, 2021,~~April 3, 2022, formatted in Inline eXtensible Business Reporting Language: (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets (ii) Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, (iv) Consolidated Statements of ~~Equity,~~Cash Flows, (v) Consolidated Statements of ~~Cash Flows,~~Equity, (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

104			Cover Page Interactive Date File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


Dated: ~~April 30, 2021~~May 6, 2022	TETRA TECH, INC.



	By:	/s/ DAN L. BATRACK
		Dan L. Batrack
		Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)


	By:	/s/ STEVEN M. BURDICK
		Steven M. Burdick
		Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial Officer)


	By:	/s/ BRIAN N. CARTER
		Brian N. Carter
		Senior Vice President, Corporate Controller
		(Principal Accounting Officer)