0000845877us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Memberus-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMemberus-gaap:AvailableforsaleSecuritiesMemberus-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember2019-06-30

As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on ~~May 11,~~November 9, 2020

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020

Commission File Number 001-14951


FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Federally chartered instrumentality

of the United States

52-1578738

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. employer identification number)

1999 K Street, N.W., 4th Floor,

Washington,

20006

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip code)


(202)			872-7700
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading symbol

Exchange on which registered

Class A voting common stock

AGM.A

New York Stock Exchange

Class C non-voting common stock

AGM

New York Stock Exchange

~~5.875% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A~~

~~AGM.PRA~~

~~New York Stock Exchange~~

6.000% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series C

AGM.PRC

New York Stock Exchange

5.700% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series D

AGM.PRD

New York Stock Exchange

5.750% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series E

AGM.PRE

New York Stock Exchange

5.250% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series F

AGM.PRF

New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Class B voting common stock

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.

Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ☐ No ☒

As of ~~April 30,~~November 2, 2020, the registrant had outstanding 1,030,780 shares of Class A voting common stock, 500,301 shares of Class B voting common stock, and ~~9,197,805~~9,204,911 shares of Class C non-voting common stock.

Table of Contents



PART I			4
Item 1 .1.	Financial Statements	4
	Consolidated Balance Sheets	4
	Consolidated Statements of Operations	5
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	6
	Consolidated Statements of Equity	7
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	89
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	910
Item 2 .2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	5163
	Forward-Looking Statements	5163
	Overview	5264
	Use of Non-GAAP Measures	5970
	Results of Operations	6072
	Outlook	7489
	Balance Sheet Review	7995
	Risk Management	8096
	Liquidity and Capital Resources	97114
	Regulatory Matters	98115
	Other Matters	99116
	Supplemental Information	~~100~~117
Item 3 .3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	~~105~~122
Item 4 .4.	Controls and Procedures	~~105~~122
PART II			~~106~~123
Item 1 .1.	Legal Proceedings	~~106~~123
Item 1A .1A.	Risk Factors	~~106~~123
Item 2 .2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	~~112~~125
Item 3.	Default Upon Senior Securities	~~112~~125
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	~~112~~125
Item 5 .5.	Other Information	~~112~~125
Item 6 .6.	Exhibits	~~113~~126
Signatures		~~114~~127

PART I

Item 1.Financial Statements

FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(unaudited)


		As of							As of
		March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019			September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
		(in thousands)							(in thousands)
Assets:	Assets:					Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,231,585	$	604,381	Cash and cash equivalents	$	910,592	$	604,381
Investment securities:	Investment securities:					Investment securities:
Available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $2,959,694 and $2,961,430, respectively)		2,961,157		2,959,843
Available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $3,522,674 and $2,961,430, respectively)						Available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $3,522,674 and $2,961,430, respectively)	3,532,190		2,959,843
Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	45,032		45,032		Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	45,032		45,032
Total Investment Securities	Total Investment Securities	3,006,189		3,004,875		Total Investment Securities	3,577,222		3,004,875
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:					Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $7,273,303 and $7,016,971, respectively)		7,587,186		7,143,025
Available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $7,150,606 and $7,016,971, respectively)						Available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $7,150,606 and $7,016,971, respectively)	7,511,638		7,143,025
Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	1,447,883		1,447,451		Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	1,200,570		1,447,451
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	9,035,069		8,590,476		Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	8,712,208		8,590,476
USDA Securities:	USDA Securities:					USDA Securities:
Trading, at fair value	Trading, at fair value	8,408		8,913		Trading, at fair value	6,830		8,913
Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	2,269,611		2,232,160		Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost	2,410,848		2,232,160
Total USDA Securities	Total USDA Securities	2,278,019		2,241,073		Total USDA Securities	2,417,678		2,241,073
Loans:	Loans:					Loans:
Loans held for sale, at lower of cost or fair value						Loans held for sale, at lower of cost or fair value	20,000		0
Loans held for investment, at amortized cost	Loans held for investment, at amortized cost	5,789,391		5,390,977		Loans held for investment, at amortized cost	6,825,061		5,390,977
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost	Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost	1,540,689		1,600,917		Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost	1,276,407		1,600,917
Allowance for losses	Allowance for losses	(14,856)		(10,454)		Allowance for losses	(15,821)		(10,454)
Total loans, net of allowance	Total loans, net of allowance	7,315,224		6,981,440		Total loans, net of allowance	8,105,647		6,981,440

Financial derivatives, at fair value	Financial derivatives, at fair value	12,692		10,519		Financial derivatives, at fair value	12,837		10,519
Interest receivable (includes $11,944 and $20,568, respectively, related to consolidated trusts)		154,836		199,195
Interest receivable (includes $11,525 and $20,568, respectively, related to consolidated trusts)						Interest receivable (includes $11,525 and $20,568, respectively, related to consolidated trusts)	153,170		199,195
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	37,521		38,442		Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	36,664		38,442
Deferred tax asset, net	Deferred tax asset, net	47,842		16,510		Deferred tax asset, net	29,288		16,510
Prepaid expenses and other assets	Prepaid expenses and other assets	61,133		22,463		Prepaid expenses and other assets	43,531		22,463
Total Assets	Total Assets	$	23,180,110	$	21,709,374	Total Assets	$	23,998,837	$	21,709,374

Liabilities and Equity:	Liabilities and Equity:					Liabilities and Equity:
Liabilities:	Liabilities:					Liabilities:

Notes payable	Notes payable	20,665,020		19,098,648		Notes payable	21,589,285		19,098,648
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	1,549,527		1,616,504		Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	1,292,416		1,616,504
Financial derivatives, at fair value	Financial derivatives, at fair value	53,795		27,042		Financial derivatives, at fair value	37,357		27,042
Accrued interest payable (includes $9,588 and $18,018, respectively, related to consolidated trusts)		104,380		106,959
Accrued interest payable (includes $9,353 and $18,018, respectively, related to consolidated trusts)						Accrued interest payable (includes $9,353 and $18,018, respectively, related to consolidated trusts)	92,648		106,959
Guarantee and commitment obligation	Guarantee and commitment obligation	35,939		36,700		Guarantee and commitment obligation	35,140		36,700
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	Accounts payable and accrued expenses	74,412		22,081		Accounts payable and accrued expenses	18,078		22,081

Reserve for losses	Reserve for losses	3,420		2,164		Reserve for losses	3,568		2,164
Total Liabilities	Total Liabilities	22,486,493		20,910,098		Total Liabilities	23,068,492		20,910,098
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 6)	Commitments and Contingencies (Note 6)					Commitments and Contingencies (Note 6)
Equity:	Equity:					Equity:
Preferred stock:	Preferred stock:					Preferred stock:
Series A, par value $25 per share, 2,400,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding		58,333		58,333
Series A, par value $25 per share, 2,400,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2019 (redemption value $60,000,000)						Series A, par value $25 per share, 2,400,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2019 (redemption value $60,000,000)	0		58,333
Series C, par value $25 per share, 3,000,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding	Series C, par value $25 per share, 3,000,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding	73,382		73,382		Series C, par value $25 per share, 3,000,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding	73,382		73,382
Series D, par value $25 per share, 4,000,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding	Series D, par value $25 per share, 4,000,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding	96,659		96,659		Series D, par value $25 per share, 4,000,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding	96,659		96,659
Series E, par value $25 per share, 3,180,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding						Series E, par value $25 per share, 3,180,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding	77,003		0
Series F, par value $25 per share, 4,800,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding						Series F, par value $25 per share, 4,800,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding	116,160		0
Common stock:	Common stock:					Common stock:
Class A Voting, $1 par value, no maximum authorization, 1,030,780 shares outstanding	Class A Voting, $1 par value, no maximum authorization, 1,030,780 shares outstanding	1,031		1,031		Class A Voting, $1 par value, no maximum authorization, 1,030,780 shares outstanding	1,031		1,031
Class B Voting, $1 par value, no maximum authorization, 500,301 shares outstanding	Class B Voting, $1 par value, no maximum authorization, 500,301 shares outstanding	500		500		Class B Voting, $1 par value, no maximum authorization, 500,301 shares outstanding	500		500
Class C Non-Voting, $1 par value, no maximum authorization, 9,192,047 shares and 9,180,744 shares outstanding, respectively		9,192		9,181
Class C Non-Voting, $1 par value, no maximum authorization, 9,204,724 shares and 9,180,744 shares outstanding, respectively						Class C Non-Voting, $1 par value, no maximum authorization, 9,204,724 shares and 9,180,744 shares outstanding, respectively	9,205		9,181
Additional paid-in capital	Additional paid-in capital	120,412		119,304		Additional paid-in capital	121,525		119,304
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(121,437)		(16,161)		Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax	(53,837)		(16,161)
Retained earnings	Retained earnings	455,545		457,047		Retained earnings	488,717		457,047
Total Equity	Total Equity	693,617		799,276		Total Equity	930,345		799,276
Total Liabilities and Equity	Total Liabilities and Equity	$	23,180,110	$	21,709,374	Total Liabilities and Equity	$	23,998,837	$	21,709,374

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(unaudited)


		For the Three Months Ended							For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
		March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019			September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
		(in thousands, except per share amounts)							(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Interest income:	Interest income:					Interest income:
Investments and cash equivalents	Investments and cash equivalents	$	17,741	$	18,707	Investments and cash equivalents	$	7,096	$	22,855	$	35,236	$	61,718
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	71,517		85,411		Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	45,335		81,649		178,644		252,629
Loans	Loans	60,596		51,397		Loans	56,204		56,992		172,230		167,792
Total interest income	Total interest income	149,854		155,515		Total interest income	108,635		161,496		386,110		482,139
Total interest expense	Total interest expense	108,542		114,916		Total interest expense	63,974		121,384		251,789		358,374
Net interest income	Net interest income	41,312		40,599		Net interest income	44,661		40,112		134,321		123,765
(Provision for)/release of losses		(3,438)		264
Net interest income after (provision for)/release of losses		37,874		40,863
Non-interest (expense)/income:
Provision for losses						Provision for losses	(653)		(760)		(4,542)		(1,074)
Net interest income after provision for losses						Net interest income after provision for losses	44,008		39,352		129,779		122,691
Non-interest income/(expense):						Non-interest income/(expense):
Guarantee and commitment fees	Guarantee and commitment fees	3,196		3,513		Guarantee and commitment fees	3,159		3,349		9,495		10,265
Losses on financial derivatives		(9,298)		(360)
Gains on trading securities		106		44
(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives						(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives	(564)		(7,360)		(3,339)		1,193
(Losses)/gains on trading securities						(Losses)/gains on trading securities	(258)		49		(173)		154

Gains on sale of real estate owned	Gains on sale of real estate owned	485		—		Gains on sale of real estate owned	0		0		485		0
(Provision for)/release of reserve for losses		(393)		129
(Provision)/release of reserve for losses						(Provision)/release of reserve for losses	(547)		137		(540)		424
Other income	Other income	816		493		Other income	594		530		2,639		1,378
Non-interest (expense)/income		(5,088)		3,819
Non-interest income/(expense)						Non-interest income/(expense)	2,384		(3,295)		8,567		13,414
Operating expenses:	Operating expenses:					Operating expenses:
Compensation and employee benefits	Compensation and employee benefits	10,127		7,606		Compensation and employee benefits	8,791		7,654		27,005		22,030
General and administrative	General and administrative	5,363		4,596		General and administrative	5,044		5,253		15,702		14,538
Regulatory fees	Regulatory fees	725		688		Regulatory fees	725		688		2,175		2,063

Real estate owned operating costs, net						Real estate owned operating costs, net	0		0		0		64
Operating expenses	Operating expenses	16,215		12,890		Operating expenses	14,560		13,595		44,882		38,695
Income before income taxes	Income before income taxes	16,571		31,792		Income before income taxes	31,832		22,462		93,464		97,410
Income tax expense	Income tax expense	3,741		6,622		Income tax expense	6,340		4,629		19,516		20,362

Net income attributable to Farmer Mac		12,830		25,170
Net income						Net income	25,492		17,833		73,948		77,048
Preferred stock dividends	Preferred stock dividends	(3,431)		(3,296)		Preferred stock dividends	(5,166)		(3,427)		(12,536)		(10,508)

Loss on retirement of preferred stock						Loss on retirement of preferred stock	(1,667)		0		(1,667)		(1,956)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	9,399	$	21,874	Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	18,659	$	14,406	$	59,745	$	64,584

Earnings per common share:	Earnings per common share:					Earnings per common share:
Basic earnings per common share	Basic earnings per common share	$	0.88	$	2.05	Basic earnings per common share	$	1.74	$	1.34	$	5.57	$	6.04
Diluted earnings per common share	Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.87	$	2.03	Diluted earnings per common share	$	1.73	$	1.33	$	5.54	$	5.99

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(unaudited)

For the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2020 March 31, 2019
(in thousands)
Net income $ 12,830 $ 25,170
Other comprehensive income before taxes:
Net unrealized (losses)/gains on available-for-sale securities (99,316) 3,241
Net changes in held-to-maturity securities (5,688) (2,262)
Net unrealized losses on cash flow hedges (28,256) (5,665)
Other comprehensive loss before tax (133,260) (4,686)
Income tax benefit related to other comprehensive loss 27,984 984
Other comprehensive loss net of tax (105,276) (3,702)
Comprehensive (loss)/income attributable to Farmer Mac $ (92,446) $ 21,468


	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
					(in thousands)
Net income	$	25,492	$	17,833	$	73,948	$	77,048
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before taxes:
Net unrealized gains/(losses) on available-for-sale securities	47,235		(24,925)		(9,554)		(50,272)
Net changes in held-to-maturity securities	(2,523)		(6,543)		(10,707)		(13,406)
Net unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges	2,959		(6,736)		(27,429)		(22,373)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before tax	47,671		(38,204)		(47,690)		(86,051)
Income tax (expense)/benefit related to other comprehensive income/(loss)	(10,011)		8,023		10,014		18,071
Other comprehensive income/(loss) net of tax	37,660		(30,181)		(37,676)		(67,980)


Comprehensive income/(loss)	$	63,152	$	(12,348)	$	36,272	$	9,068

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(unaudited)


										Accumulated																Accumulated
								Additional		Other														Additional		Other
		Preferred Stock				Common Stock						Paid-In		Comprehensive				Retained		Total	Preferred Stock			Common Stock				Paid-In		Comprehensive		Retained	Total
		Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Capital		Income/(Loss)		Earnings		Equity			Shares		Amount		Shares	Amount		Capital		Income/(Loss)		Earnings		Equity
		(in thousands)																												(in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2018		8,400	$	204,759	10,669	$	10,669	$	118,822	$	24,956	$	393,351	$	752,557
Net income attributable to Farmer Mac		—	—		—	—		—		—		25,170		25,170
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax		—	—		—	—		—		(3,702)		—		(3,702)
Cash dividends:
Preferred stock		—	—		—	—		—		—		(3,296)		(3,296)
Common stock (cash dividend of $0.70 per share)		—	—		—	—		—		—		(7,470)		(7,470)
Issuance of Class C common stock		—	—		20	20		3		—		—		23
Stock-based compensation cost		—	—		—	—		724		—		—		724
Other stock-based award activity		—	—		—	—		(708)		—		—		(708)
Balance as of March 31, 2019		8,400	$	204,759	10,689	$	10,689	$	118,841	$	21,254	$	407,755	$	763,298

Balance as of December 31, 2019	Balance as of December 31, 2019	9,400	$	228,374	10,712	$	10,712	$	119,304	$	(16,161)	$	457,047	$	799,276	Balance as of December 31, 2019	9,400		$	228,374	10,712	$	10,712	$	119,304	$	(16,161)	$	457,047	$	799,276
Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	—	—		—	—		—		—		(2,099)		(2,099)		Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	—		—		—	—		—		—		(2,099)		(2,099)
Balance as of January 1, 2020	Balance as of January 1, 2020	9,400	$	228,374	10,712	$	10,712	$	119,304	$	(16,161)	$	454,948	$	797,177	Balance as of January 1, 2020	9,400		$	228,374	10,712	$	10,712	$	119,304	$	(16,161)	$	454,948	$	797,177
Net income attributable to Farmer Mac		—	—		—	—		—		—		12,830		12,830
Net income																Net income	—		—		—	—		—		—		12,830		12,830
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—	—		—		(105,276)		—		(105,276)		Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—		—		—	—		—		(105,276)		—		(105,276)
Cash dividends:	Cash dividends:															Cash dividends:
Preferred stock	Preferred stock	—	—		—	—		—		—		(3,431)		(3,431)		Preferred stock	—		—		—	—		—		—		(3,431)		(3,431)
Common stock (cash dividend of $0.80 per share)	Common stock (cash dividend of $0.80 per share)	—	—		—	—		—		—		(8,571)		(8,571)		Common stock (cash dividend of $0.80 per share)	—		—		—	—		—		—		(8,571)		(8,571)
Issuance of Class C common stock	Issuance of Class C common stock	—	—		15	15		19		—		—		34		Issuance of Class C common stock	—		—		15	15		19		—		—		34
Repurchase of Class C Common Stock	Repurchase of Class C Common Stock	—	—		(4)	(4)		—		—		(231)		(235)		Repurchase of Class C Common Stock	—		—		(4)	(4)		—		—		(231)		(235)
Stock-based compensation cost	Stock-based compensation cost	—	—		—	—		1,293		—				1,293		Stock-based compensation cost	—		—		—	—		1,293		—				1,293
Other stock-based award activity	Other stock-based award activity	—	—		—	—		(204)		—		—		(204)		Other stock-based award activity	—		—		—	—		(204)		—		—		(204)
Balance as of March 31, 2020	Balance as of March 31, 2020	9,400	$	228,374	10,723	$	10,723	$	120,412	$	(121,437)	$	455,545	$	693,617	Balance as of March 31, 2020	9,400		$	228,374	10,723	$	10,723	$	120,412	$	(121,437)	$	455,545	$	693,617
Net income																Net income	—		—		—	—		—		—		35,626		35,626
Other comprehensive income, net of tax																Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—		—		—	—		—		29,940		—		29,940
Cash dividends:																Cash dividends:
Preferred stock																Preferred stock	—		—		—	—		—		—		(3,939)		(3,939)
Common stock (cash dividend of $0.80 per share)																Common stock (cash dividend of $0.80 per share)	—		—		—	—		—		—		(8,585)		(8,585)
Issuance of Series E preferred stock																Issuance of Series E preferred stock	3,180		77,003		—	—		—		—		—		77,003
Issuance of Class C common stock																Issuance of Class C common stock	—		—		10	10		17		—		—		27

Stock-based compensation cost																Stock-based compensation cost	—		—		—	—		719		—		—		719
Other stock-based award activity																Other stock-based award activity	—		—		—	—		(292)		—		—		(292)
Balance as of June 30, 2020																Balance as of June 30, 2020	12,580		$	305,377	10,733	$	10,733	$	120,856	$	(91,497)	$	478,647	$	824,116
Net income																Net income	—		—		—	—		—		—		25,492		25,492
Other comprehensive income, net of tax																Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—		—		—	—		—		37,660		—		37,660
Cash dividends:																Cash dividends:
Preferred stock																Preferred stock	—		—		—	—		—		—		(5,166)		(5,166)
Common stock (cash dividend of $0.80 per share)																Common stock (cash dividend of $0.80 per share)	—		—		—	—		—		—		(8,589)		(8,589)
Issuance of Series F preferred stock																Issuance of Series F preferred stock	4,800		116,160		—	—		—		—		—		116,160
Redemption of Series A preferred stock																Redemption of Series A preferred stock	(2,400)		(58,333)		—	—		—		—		—		(58,333)
Loss on retirement of preferred stock																Loss on retirement of preferred stock	—		—		—	—		—		—		(1,667)		(1,667)
Issuance of Class C common stock																Issuance of Class C common stock	—		—		3	3		8		—		—		11

Stock-based compensation cost																Stock-based compensation cost	—		—		—	—		753		—		—		753
Other stock-based award activity																Other stock-based award activity	—		—		—	—		(92)		—		—		(92)
Balance as of September 30, 2020																Balance as of September 30, 2020	14,980		$	363,204	10,736	$	10,736	$	121,525	$	(53,837)	$	488,717	$	930,345

~~The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.~~

~~FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES~~

~~CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS~~

~~(unaudited)~~

For the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2020 March 31, 2019
(in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 12,830 $ 25,170
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net amortization of deferred gains, premiums, and discounts on loans, investments, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and USDA Securities (177) (2,204)
Amortization of debt premiums, discounts, and issuance costs 9,221 10,826
Net change in fair value of trading securities, hedged assets, and financial derivatives (379,004) (69,096)
Gain on sale of real estate owned (485) —
Total provision for/(release of) allowance for losses 3,831 (393)
Excess tax benefits related to stock-based awards (508) 127
Deferred income taxes (3,347) 2,902
Stock-based compensation expense 1,293 724
Proceeds from repayment of loans purchased as held for sale 20,674 18,671
Net change in:
Interest receivable 44,679 36,204
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable 160 58
Other assets (39,783) (5,674)
Accrued interest payable (2,579) (2,323)
Other liabilities 2,884 3,528
Net cash (used in)/provided by operating activities (330,311) 18,520
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of available-for-sale investment securities (704,306) (473,326)
Purchases of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities (657,959) (857,511)
Purchases of loans held for investment (554,771) (748,553)
Proceeds from repayment of available-for-sale investment securities 706,061 205,240
Proceeds from repayment of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities 408,103 554,340
Proceeds from repayment of loans purchased as held for investment 345,736 222,980
Proceeds from sale of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities 28,050 116,708
Proceeds from sale of real estate owned 2,191 —
Net cash used in investing activities (426,895) (980,122)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of discount notes 17,783,348 12,773,401
Proceeds from issuance of medium-term notes 3,734,025 2,124,252
Payments to redeem discount notes (17,387,222) (12,597,517)
Payments to redeem medium-term notes (2,633,565) (1,311,954)
Payments to third parties on debt securities of consolidated trusts (99,769) (64,263)
Proceeds from common stock issuance 19 3
Tax payments related to share-based awards (189) (688)
Purchases of common stock (235) —
Dividends paid on common and preferred stock (12,002) (10,766)
Net cash provided by financing activities 1,384,410 912,468
Net change in cash and cash equivalents 627,204 (49,134)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 604,381 425,256
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 1,231,585 $ 376,122
Non-cash activity:
Loans acquired and securitized as Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities 28,050 116,708
Consolidation of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities from off-balance sheet to loans held for investment in consolidated trusts and to debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties 28,050 97,780
Reclassification of defaulted loans from loans held for investment in consolidated trusts to loans held for investment 4,742 4,721
Maturity of investment security - not yet settled — (40,310)
Purchases of securities - traded, not yet settled 50,000 35,100


									Accumulated
							Additional		Other
	Preferred Stock			Common Stock			Paid-In		Comprehensive		Retained		Total
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		Capital		Income/(Loss)		Earnings		Equity
	(in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2018	8,400	$	204,759	10,669	$	10,669	$	118,822	$	24,956	$	393,351	$	752,557
Net Income	—	—		—	—		—		—		25,170		25,170
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—	—		—		(3,702)		—		(3,702)
Cash dividends:
Preferred stock	—	—		—	—		—		—		(3,296)		(3,296)
Common stock (cash dividend of $0.70 per share)	—	—		—	—		—		—		(7,470)		(7,470)
Issuance of Class C Common Stock	—	—		20	20		3		—		—		23

Stock-based compensation cost	—	—		—	—		724		—		—		724
Other stock-based award activity	—	—		—	—		(708)		—		—		(708)
Balance as of March 31, 2019	8,400	$	204,759	10,689	$	10,689	$	118,841	$	21,254	$	407,755	$	763,298
Net income	—	—		—	—		—		—		34,045		34,045
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—	—		—		(34,097)		—		(34,097)
Cash dividends:
Preferred stock	—	—		—	—		—		—		(3,785)		(3,785)
Common stock (cash dividend of $0.70 per share)	—	—		—	—		—		—		(7,490)		(7,490)
Issuance of Series D Preferred Stock	4,000	96,659					—		—		—		96,659
Redemption of Series B Preferred Stock	(3,000)	(73,044)		—	—		—		—		—		(73,044)
Loss on retirement of preferred stock	—	—		—	—		—		—		(1,956)		(1,956)
Issuance of Class C Common Stock	—	—		11	11		3		—		—		14
Stock-based compensation cost	—	—		—	—		533		—		—		533
Other stock-based award activity	—	—		—	—		(435)		—		—		(435)
Balance as of June 30, 2019	9,400	$	228,374	10,700	$	10,700	$	118,942	$	(12,843)	$	428,569	$	773,742
Net Income	—	—		—	—		—		—		17,833		17,833
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—	—		—		(30,181)		—		(30,181)
Cash dividends:
Preferred stock	—	—		—	—		—		—		(3,427)		(3,427)
Common stock (cash dividend of $0.70 per share)	—	—		—	—		—		—		(7,496)		(7,496)
Issuance of Class C Common Stock	—	—		10	10		19		—		—		29
Stock-based compensation cost	—	—		—	—		407		—		—		407
Other stock-based award activity	—	—		—	—		(648)		—		—		(648)
Balance as of September 30, 2019	9,400	$	228,374	10,710	$	10,710	$	118,720	$	(43,024)	$	435,479	$	750,259

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited)


	For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
	(in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income	$	73,948	$	77,048
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Net amortization of deferred gains, premiums, and discounts on loans, investments, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and USDA Securities	3,800		(8,032)
Amortization of debt premiums, discounts, and issuance costs	18,502		37,794
Net change in fair value of trading securities, hedged assets, and financial derivatives	(342,380)		(326,537)
Gain on sale of real estate owned	(485)		0
Total provision for allowance for losses	5,083		650
Excess tax benefits related to stock-based awards	(421)		442
Deferred income taxes	(2,763)		637

Stock-based compensation expense	2,765		1,664
Purchases of loans held for sale	(59,150)		0
Proceeds from the sale of loans held for sale	15,000		0
Proceeds from repayment of loans purchased as held for sale	54,661		44,857
Net change in:
Interest receivable	44,706		21,395
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	218		(4)
Other assets	(20,169)		1,875
Accrued interest payable	(14,311)		7,597
Other liabilities	(4,412)		2,538
Net cash used in operating activities	(225,408)		(138,076)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of available-for-sale investment securities	(2,177,560)		(1,871,957)

Purchases of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	(1,798,028)		(2,167,801)
Purchases of loans held for investment	(2,245,958)		(1,528,789)
Purchases of defaulted loans	(6,272)		(469)
Proceeds from repayment of available-for-sale investment securities	1,612,075		991,423
Proceeds from repayment of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	1,725,500		1,746,948
Proceeds from repayment of loans purchased as held for investment	1,272,603		568,280

Proceeds from sale of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	64,612		199,396
Proceeds from sale of real estate owned	2,191		0
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,550,837)		(2,062,969)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of discount notes	51,936,788		47,036,038
Proceeds from issuance of medium-term notes	10,561,149		7,632,425
Payments to redeem discount notes	(51,785,666)		(46,502,105)
Payments to redeem medium-term notes	(8,293,765)		(5,646,107)

Payments to third parties on debt securities of consolidated trusts	(431,093)		(143,491)
Proceeds from common stock issuance	44		25

Retirement of preferred stock	(60,000)		(75,000)
Proceeds from preferred stock issuance, net of stock issuance costs	193,163		96,659
Tax payments related to share-based awards	(560)		(1,750)
Purchases of common stock	(235)		0
Dividends paid on common and preferred stock	(37,369)		(32,964)
Net cash provided by financing activities	2,082,456		2,363,730
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	306,211		162,685
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	604,381		425,256
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	910,592	$	587,941
Non-cash activity:

Loans acquired and securitized as Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	64,612		199,396
Consolidation of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities from off-balance sheet to loans held for investment in consolidated trusts and to debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	64,612		141,543
Reclassification of defaulted loans from loans held for investment in consolidated trusts to loans held for investment	42,393		5,392
Reclassification of loans held for sale to loans held for investment	24,150		0
Capitalized interest	937		0

Purchases of securities - traded, not yet settled	0		8,680

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1.SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The interim unaudited consolidated financial statements of the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation ("Farmer Mac") and subsidiaries have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to present a fair statement of the financial position and the results of operations and cash flows of Farmer Mac and subsidiaries for the interim periods presented. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in the annual consolidated financial statements have been omitted as permitted by SEC rules and regulations. The December 31, 2019 consolidated balance sheet presented in this report has been derived from Farmer Mac's audited 2019 consolidated financial statements. Management believes that the disclosures are adequate to present fairly the consolidated financial statements as of the dates and for the periods presented. These interim unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the 2019 consolidated financial statements of Farmer Mac and subsidiaries included in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, as filed with the SEC on February 25, 2020. Results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of those that may be expected for the fiscal year. Presented below are Farmer Mac's significant accounting policies that contain updated information for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Farmer Mac and its 2 subsidiaries during the year: (1) Farmer Mac Mortgage Securities Corporation ("FMMSC"), whose principal activities are to facilitate the purchase and issuance of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities; and (2) Farmer Mac II LLC, whose principal activity is the operation of substantially all of the business related to the USDA Guarantees line of business – primarily the acquisition of USDA Securities. The consolidated financial statements also include the accounts of Variable Interest Entities ("VIEs") in which Farmer Mac determined itself to be the primary beneficiary.

910

The following tables present, by line of business, details about the consolidation of VIEs:

Table 1.1


		Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities													Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities
		As of March 31, 2020													As of September 30, 2020
		Farm & Ranch		USDA Guarantees		Corporate		Total			Farm & Ranch		USDA Guarantees			Corporate		Total
		(in thousands)													(in thousands)
On-Balance Sheet:	On-Balance Sheet:									On-Balance Sheet:
Consolidated VIEs:	Consolidated VIEs:									Consolidated VIEs:
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost	Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost	$	1,540,689	$	—	$	—	$	1,540,689	Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost	$	1,276,407	$	0		$	0	$	1,276,407
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties ⁽¹⁾	Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties ⁽¹⁾	1,549,527		—		—		1,549,527		Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties (1)	1,292,416		0			0		1,292,416
Unconsolidated VIEs:	Unconsolidated VIEs:									Unconsolidated VIEs:
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:									Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Carrying value ⁽²⁾	Carrying value ⁽²⁾	—		33,512		—		33,512		Carrying value (2)	0		36,505			0		36,505
Maximum exposure to loss ⁽³⁾	Maximum exposure to loss ⁽³⁾	—		33,440		—		33,440		Maximum exposure to loss (3)	0		36,414			0		36,414
Investment securities:	Investment securities:									Investment securities:
Carrying value ⁽⁴⁾	Carrying value ⁽⁴⁾	—		—		1,291,950		1,291,950		Carrying value (4)	0		0			1,835,688		1,835,688
Maximum exposure to loss ^{(3) (4)}	Maximum exposure to loss ^{(3) (4)}	—		—		1,302,410		1,302,410		Maximum exposure to loss (3) (4)	0		0			1,829,604		1,829,604
Off-Balance Sheet:	Off-Balance Sheet:									Off-Balance Sheet:
Unconsolidated VIEs:	Unconsolidated VIEs:									Unconsolidated VIEs:
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:									Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Maximum exposure to loss ^{(3) (5)}	Maximum exposure to loss ^{(3) (5)}	97,302		370,903		—		468,205		Maximum exposure to loss (3) (5)	85,767		310,682			0		396,449

⁽¹⁾Includes borrower remittances of ~~$8.8~~$16.0 million. The borrower remittances had not been passed through to third party investors as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020.

⁽²⁾Includes $0.1 million of unamortized premiums and discounts and fair value adjustments related to the USDA Guarantees line of business.

⁽³⁾Farmer Mac uses unpaid principal balance and outstanding face amount of investment securities to represent maximum exposure to loss.

⁽⁴⁾Includes auction-rate certificates, asset-backed securities, and government-sponsored enterprise ("GSE")-guaranteed mortgage-backed securities.

⁽⁵⁾The amount under the Farm & Ranch line of business relates to unconsolidated trusts where Farmer Mac determined it was not the primary beneficiary due to shared power with an unrelated party.

1011


		Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities													Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities
		As of December 31, 2019													As of December 31, 2019
		Farm & Ranch		USDA Guarantees		Corporate		Total			Farm & Ranch		USDA Guarantees			Corporate		Total
		(in thousands)													(in thousands)
On-Balance Sheet:	On-Balance Sheet:									On-Balance Sheet:
Consolidated VIEs:	Consolidated VIEs:									Consolidated VIEs:
Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost	Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost	$	1,600,917	$	—	$	—	$	1,600,917	Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost	$	1,600,917	$	0		$	0	$	1,600,917
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties ⁽¹⁾	Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties ⁽¹⁾	1,616,504		—		—		1,616,504		Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties (1)	1,616,504		0			0		1,616,504
Unconsolidated VIEs:	Unconsolidated VIEs:									Unconsolidated VIEs:
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:									Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Carrying value ⁽²⁾	Carrying value ⁽²⁾	—		32,041		—		32,041		Carrying value (2)	0		32,041			0		32,041
Maximum exposure to loss ⁽³⁾	Maximum exposure to loss ⁽³⁾	—		31,887		—		31,887		Maximum exposure to loss (3)	0		31,887			0		31,887
Investment securities:	Investment securities:									Investment securities:
Carrying value ⁽⁴⁾	Carrying value ⁽⁴⁾	—		—		1,117,203		1,117,203		Carrying value (4)	0		0			1,117,203		1,117,203
Maximum exposure to loss ^{(3) (4)}	Maximum exposure to loss ^{(3) (4)}	—		—		1,120,765		1,120,765		Maximum exposure to loss (3) (4)	0		0			1,120,765		1,120,765
Off-Balance Sheet:	Off-Balance Sheet:									Off-Balance Sheet:
Unconsolidated VIEs:	Unconsolidated VIEs:									Unconsolidated VIEs:
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:									Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Maximum exposure to loss ^{(3) (5)}	Maximum exposure to loss ^{(3) (5)}	107,322		389,216		—		496,538		Maximum exposure to loss (3) (5)	107,322		389,216			0		496,538

⁽¹⁾Includes borrower remittances of $15.6 million. The borrower remittances had not been passed through to third party investors as of December 31, 2019.

⁽²⁾Includes $0.2 million of unamortized premiums and discounts and fair value adjustments related to the USDA Guarantees line of business.

⁽³⁾Farmer Mac uses unpaid principal balance and outstanding face amount of investment securities to represent maximum exposure to loss.

⁽⁴⁾Includes auction-rate certificates, asset-backed securities, and government-sponsored enterprise ("GSE")-guaranteed mortgage-backed securities.

(a)Earnings Per Common Share

Basic earnings per common share ("EPS") is based on the daily weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per common share is based on the daily weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding adjusted to include all potentially dilutive stock appreciation rights ("SARs") and unvested restricted stock awards. The following schedule reconciles basic and diluted EPS for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Table 1.2


		For the Three Months Ended																			For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2020								March 31, 2019										September 30, 2020			September 30, 2019
		Net Income		Weighted-Average Shares	$ per Share		Net Income		Weighted-Average Shares	$ per Share			Net Income		Weighted-Average Shares	$ per Share		Net Income		Weighted-Average Shares	$ per Share
		(in thousands, except per share amounts)																			(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Basic EPS	Basic EPS											Basic EPS
Net income attributable to common stockholders	Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	9,399	10,712	$	0.88	$	21,874	10,670	$	2.05	Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	18,659	10,734	$	1.74	$	14,406	10,706	$	1.34
Effect of dilutive securities⁽¹⁾	Effect of dilutive securities⁽¹⁾											Effect of dilutive securities(1)
SARs and restricted stock	SARs and restricted stock	—		70	(0.01)		—		107	(0.02)		SARs and restricted stock	—		51	(0.01)		—		70	(0.01)
Diluted EPS	Diluted EPS	$	9,399	10,782	$	0.87	$	21,874	10,777	$	2.03	Diluted EPS	$	18,659	10,785	$	1.73	$	14,406	10,776	$	1.33

⁽¹⁾For the three months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019, SARs and restricted stock of ~~87,148~~66,445 and ~~56,976,~~26,768, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share of common stock because they were anti-dilutive. For the three months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019, contingent shares of unvested restricted stock of 12,680 and ~~12,284,~~8,414, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share of common stock because performance conditions had not yet been met.


	For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2020					September 30, 2019
	Net Income		Weighted-Average Shares	$ per Share		Net Income		Weighted-Average Shares	$ per Share
	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Basic EPS
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	59,745	10,725	$	5.57	$	64,584	10,691	$	6.04
Effect of dilutive securities(1)
SARs and restricted stock	—		56	(0.03)		—		83	(0.05)
Diluted EPS	$	59,745	10,781	$	5.54	$	64,584	10,774	$	5.99

(1)For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, SARs and restricted stock of 78,963 and 48,801, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share of common stock because they were anti-dilutive. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, contingent shares of unvested restricted stock of 12,680 and 10,994, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share of common stock because performance conditions had not yet been met.

(b)Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income represents all changes in stockholders' equity except those resulting from investments by or distributions to stockholders, and is comprised of net income and unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, certain held-to-maturity securities transferred from the available-for-sale classification, and cash flow hedges, net of related taxes.

The following table presents the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI"), net of tax, by component for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Table 1.3


		As of March 31, 2020														As of March 31, 2019															As of September 30, 2020				As of September 30, 2019
		Available-for-Sale Securities		Held-to-Maturity Securities		Cash Flow Hedges		Total		Available-for-Sale Securities		Held-to-Maturity Securities		Cash Flow Hedges		Total			Available-for-Sale Securities		Held-to-Maturity Securities		Cash Flow Hedges		Total		Available-for-Sale Securities		Held-to-Maturity Securities		Cash Flow Hedges		Total
		(in thousands)																															(in thousands)
For the Three Months Ended:	For the Three Months Ended:																	For the Three Months Ended:
Beginning Balance	Beginning Balance	$	(43,397)	$	32,845	$	(5,609)	$	(16,161)	$	(25,360)	$	43,443	$	6,873	$	24,956	Beginning Balance	$	(88,261)	$	26,379	$	(29,615)	$	(91,497)	$	(45,384)	$	38,021	$	(5,480)	$	(12,843)
Other comprehensive (loss)/income before reclassifications		(77,685)		—		(22,668)		(100,353)		3,318		—		(4,095)		(777)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications																		Other comprehensive income/(loss) before reclassifications	38,099		0		904		39,003		(18,915)		0		(5,071)		(23,986)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(776)		(4,494)		347		(4,923)		(758)		(1,787)		(380)		(2,925)		Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(783)		(1,993)		1,433		(1,343)		(776)		(5,169)		(250)		(6,195)
Net comprehensive (loss)/income		(78,461)		(4,494)		(22,321)		(105,276)		2,560		(1,787)		(4,475)		(3,702)
Net comprehensive income/(loss)																		Net comprehensive income/(loss)	37,316		(1,993)		2,337		37,660		(19,691)		(5,169)		(5,321)		(30,181)
Ending Balance	Ending Balance	$	(121,858)	$	28,351	$	(27,930)	$	(121,437)	$	(22,800)	$	41,656	$	2,398	$	21,254	Ending Balance	$	(50,945)	$	24,386	$	(27,278)	$	(53,837)	$	(65,075)	$	32,852	$	(10,801)	$	(43,024)

For the Nine Months Ended:																		For the Nine Months Ended:
Beginning Balance																		Beginning Balance	$	(43,397)	$	32,845	$	(5,609)	$	(16,161)	$	(25,360)	$	43,443	$	6,873	$	24,956
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications																		Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	(5,210)		0		(24,684)		(29,894)		(37,308)		0		(16,679)		(53,987)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI																		Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(2,338)		(8,459)		3,015		(7,782)		(2,407)		(10,591)		(995)		(13,993)
Net comprehensive loss																		Net comprehensive loss	(7,548)		(8,459)		(21,669)		(37,676)		(39,715)		(10,591)		(17,674)		(67,980)
Ending Balance																		Ending Balance	$	(50,945)	$	24,386	$	(27,278)	$	(53,837)	$	(65,075)	$	32,852	$	(10,801)	$	(43,024)

1214

The following table presents other comprehensive income activity, the impact on net income of amounts reclassified from each component of AOCI, and the related tax impact for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Table 1.4


		For the Three Months Ended																							For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2020										March 31, 2019											September 30, 2020				September 30, 2019
		Before Tax		Provision (Benefit)		After Tax		Before Tax		Provision (Benefit)		After Tax			Before Tax		Provision (Benefit)		After Tax		Before Tax		Provision (Benefit)		After Tax
		(in thousands)																							(in thousands)
Other comprehensive income:	Other comprehensive income:													Other comprehensive income:
Available-for-sale-securities:	Available-for-sale-securities:													Available-for-sale-securities:
Unrealized holding (losses)/gains on available-for-sale securities		$	(98,334)	$	(20,649)	$	(77,685)	$	4,200	$	882	$	3,318
Unrealized holding gains/(losses) on available-for-sale securities														Unrealized holding gains/(losses) on available-for-sale securities	$	48,226	$	10,127	$	38,099	$	(23,943)	$	(5,028)	$	(18,915)
Less reclassification adjustments included in:	Less reclassification adjustments included in:													Less reclassification adjustments included in:
Net interest income⁽¹⁾	Net interest income⁽¹⁾	(969)		(203)		(766)		(953)		(200)		(753)		Net interest income(1)	(976)		(205)		(771)		(961)		(202)		(759)

Other income⁽²⁾	Other income⁽²⁾	(13)		(3)		(10)		(6)		(1)		(5)		Other income(2)	(15)		(3)		(12)		(21)		(4)		(17)
Total	Total	$	(99,316)	$	(20,855)	$	(78,461)	$	3,241	$	681	$	2,560	Total	$	47,235	$	9,919	$	37,316	$	(24,925)	$	(5,234)	$	(19,691)
Held-to-maturity securities:	Held-to-maturity securities:													Held-to-maturity securities:
Less reclassification adjustments included in:	Less reclassification adjustments included in:													Less reclassification adjustments included in:
Net interest income⁽³⁾	Net interest income⁽³⁾	(5,688)		(1,194)		(4,494)		(2,262)		(475)		(1,787)		Net interest income(3)	(2,523)		(530)		(1,993)		(6,543)		(1,374)		(5,169)
Total	Total	$	(5,688)	$	(1,194)	$	(4,494)	$	(2,262)	$	(475)	$	(1,787)	Total	$	(2,523)	$	(530)	$	(1,993)	$	(6,543)	$	(1,374)	$	(5,169)
Cash flow hedges	Cash flow hedges													Cash flow hedges
Unrealized (losses)/gains on cash flow hedges		$	(28,695)	$	(6,027)	$	(22,668)	$	(5,184)	$	(1,089)	$	(4,095)
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges														Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges	$	1,145	$	241	$	904	$	(6,419)	$	(1,348)	$	(5,071)
Less reclassification adjustments included in:	Less reclassification adjustments included in:													Less reclassification adjustments included in:
Net interest income⁽⁴⁾	Net interest income⁽⁴⁾	439		92		347		(481)		(101)		(380)		Net interest income(4)	1,814		381		1,433		(317)		(67)		(250)
Total	Total	$	(28,256)	$	(5,935)	$	(22,321)	$	(5,665)	$	(1,190)	$	(4,475)	Total	$	2,959	$	622	$	2,337	$	(6,736)	$	(1,415)	$	(5,321)
Other comprehensive (loss)/income		$	(133,260)	$	(27,984)	$	(105,276)	$	(4,686)	$	(984)	$	(3,702)
Other comprehensive income/(loss)														Other comprehensive income/(loss)	$	47,671	$	10,011	$	37,660	$	(38,204)	$	(8,023)	$	(30,181)

⁽¹⁾Relates to the amortization of unrealized gains on hedged items prior to the application of fair value hedge accounting.

⁽²⁾Represents amortization of deferred gains related to certain available-for-sale USDA Securities and Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities.

⁽³⁾Relates to the amortization of unrealized gains or losses prior to the reclassification of these securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity. The amortization of unrealized gains or losses reported in AOCI for held-to-maturity securities will be offset by the amortization of the premium or discount created from the transfer into held-to-maturity securities, which occurred at fair value. These unrealized gains or losses will be recorded over the remaining life of the security with no impact on future net income.

⁽⁴⁾Relates to the recognition of unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges recorded in AOCI.


	For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2020						September 30, 2019
	Before Tax		Provision (Benefit)		After Tax		Before Tax		Provision (Benefit)		After Tax
	(in thousands)
Other comprehensive income:
Available-for-sale-securities:
Unrealized holding losses on available-for-sale securities	$	(6,596)	$	(1,386)	$	(5,210)	$	(47,225)	$	(9,917)	$	(37,308)
Less reclassification adjustments included in:
Net interest income(1)	(2,916)		(612)		(2,304)		(2,870)		(603)		(2,267)

Other income(2)	(42)		(8)		(34)		(177)		(37)		(140)
Total	$	(9,554)	$	(2,006)	$	(7,548)	$	(50,272)	$	(10,557)	$	(39,715)
Held-to-maturity securities:
Less reclassification adjustments included in:
Net interest income(3)	(10,707)		(2,248)		(8,459)		(13,406)		(2,815)		(10,591)
Total	$	(10,707)	$	(2,248)	$	(8,459)	$	(13,406)	$	(2,815)	$	(10,591)
Cash flow hedges
Unrealized losses on cash flow hedges	$	(31,246)	$	(6,562)	$	(24,684)	$	(21,113)	$	(4,434)	$	(16,679)
Less reclassification adjustments included in:
Net interest income(4)	3,817		802		3,015		(1,260)		(265)		(995)
Total	$	(27,429)	$	(5,760)	$	(21,669)	$	(22,373)	$	(4,699)	$	(17,674)
Other comprehensive loss	$	(47,690)	$	(10,014)	$	(37,676)	$	(86,051)	$	(18,071)	$	(67,980)

(1)Relates to the amortization of unrealized gains on hedged items prior to the application of fair value hedge accounting.

(2)Represents amortization of deferred gains related to certain available-for-sale USDA Securities and Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities.

(3)Relates to the amortization of unrealized gains or losses prior to the reclassification of these securities from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity. The amortization of unrealized gains or losses reported in AOCI for held-to-maturity securities will be offset by the amortization of the premium or discount created from the transfer into held-to-maturity securities, which occurred at fair value. These unrealized gains or losses will be recorded over the remaining life of the security with no impact on future net income.

(4)Relates to the recognition of unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges recorded in AOCI.

(c)Allowance for Losses and Reserve for Losses

On January 1, 2020, Farmer Mac adopted Accounting Standards Update 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, ("CECL"). Under CECL, Farmer Mac's allowance for credit losses represents the difference between the carrying amount of the related financial instruments and the present value of their expected cash flows discounted at their effective interest rates, as of the respective balance sheet date. Under CECL, Farmer Mac's reserve for credit losses represents the difference between the outstanding amount of off-balance sheet credit exposures and the present value of their expected cash flows discounted at their effective interest rates.

Farmer Mac maintains an allowance for credit losses to cover current expected credit losses as of the balance sheet date for on-balance sheet investment securities, loans held for investment, and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities (collectively referred to as "allowance for losses"). Additionally, Farmer Mac maintains a reserve for credit losses to cover current expected credit losses as of the balance sheet date for off-balance sheet loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities (collectively referred to as "reserve for losses"). Both the allowance for losses and reserve for losses are based on historical information and reasonable and supportable forecasts.

Farmer Mac has never experienced a credit loss in its Rural Utilities line of business. Upon the adoption of CECL, Farmer Mac is now required to measure its expected credit losses for the expected life of all financial instruments, including its Rural Utilities loans. To estimate expected credit losses on these loans, Farmer Mac relies upon industry historical credit loss data from ratings agencies and publicly available information as disclosed in the securities filings of other major lenders who serve the utilities industry.

The allowance for losses increases through periodic provisions for loan losses that are charged against net interest income and the reserve for losses increases through provisions for losses that are charged to non-interest expense. Both the allowance for losses and reserve for losses are decreased by charge-offs for realized losses, net of recoveries. Releases from the allowance for losses or reserve for losses occur when the estimate of expected credit losses as of the end of a period is less than the estimate at the beginning of the period.

The total allowance for losses consists of the allowance for losses and the reserve for losses.

Charge-offs

Farmer Mac records a charge-off against the allowance for losses principally when a loss has been confirmed through the receipt of assets, generally the underlying collateral, in full satisfaction of the loan. The loss equals the excess of the recorded investment in the loan over the fair value of the collateral less estimated selling costs.

Estimation Methodology

Farmer Mac bases its methodology for determining its current estimate of expected losses on a statistical model, which incorporates credit loss history and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Farmer Mac's estimation methodology is comprised of the following key components:

•An economic model for each ~~of our portfolios,~~portfolio, including Farm & Ranch, Rural Utilities, and Institutional Credit;

•A migration matrix for each portfolio that reasonably predicts the movement of each financial asset among various risk categories over the course of each asset's expected life. The migration matrix forms the basis for our estimate of the probability of default of each financial asset;

•A loss-given-default ("LGD") model that reasonably predicts the amount of loss that Farmer Mac would incur upon the default of each financial asset;

•An economic factor forecast that updates the migration matrix model and the LGD model with current assumptions for the economic indicators that Farmer Mac has determined are most correlated with or relevant to the performance of each portfolio of assets; including Gross Domestic Product ("GDP"), credit spreads, unemployment rates, land values, and commodity prices; and

•A discounted cash flow analysis, which relies upon each of the above model outputs, plus the contractual terms of each financial asset, and the effective interest rate of each financial asset.

Management evaluates these assumptions by considering many relevant factors, including:

•economic conditions;

•geographic and agricultural commodity/product concentrations in the portfolio;

•the credit profile of the portfolio, including risk ratings and financial metrics;

•delinquency trends of the portfolio;

•historical charge-off and recovery activities of the portfolio; and

•other factors to capture current portfolio trends and characteristics that differ from historical experience.

Management believes that its methodology produces a reasonable estimate of expected credit losses, as of the balance sheet date, for the expected life of all of its financial assets.

Allowance for Loss on Available-for-Sale (AFS) Securities

To measure current expected credit losses on impaired AFS securities, Farmer Mac first considers those impaired securities that: 1) Farmer Mac does not intend to sell, and 2) it is not more likely than not that Farmer Mac will be required to sell before recovering its amortized cost basis. In assessing whether a credit loss exists, Farmer Mac compares the present value, discounted at the security's effective interest rate, of cash flows expected to be collected from an impaired AFS debt security to its amortized cost basis. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis of the impaired security, a credit loss exists and Farmer Mac records an allowance for loss for that credit loss. However, the amount of that allowance is limited by the amount that the security’s fair value is less than its amortized cost basis. Accrued interest receivable is recorded separately on the Consolidated Balance Sheet, and the allowance for credit losses excludes uncollectible accrued interest receivable.

Collateral Dependent Assets ("CDAs")

CDAs are loans, loans underlying LTSPCs, or off-balance sheet credit exposures in which the borrower is either in foreclosure or is experiencing financial difficulty and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the sale or operation of the collateral by Farmer Mac. Farmer Mac estimates the current expected credit loss on CDAs based upon the appraised value of the collateral, the costs to sell it, and any applicable credit protection such as a guarantee.

COVID-19 Payment Deferments

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ("CARES Act") was signed into law on March 27, 2020. Section 4013 of the CARES Act titled “Temporary Relief from Troubled Debt Restructurings” provides financial institutions the option to temporarily suspend certain requirements under U.S. GAAP related to troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) for a limited period of time to account for the effects of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 ("COVID-19"). On April 10, 2020, Farmer Mac’s prudential regulator, the Office of Secondary Market Oversight (OSMO) within the Farm Credit Administration (FCA), issued guidance to Farmer Mac on loan servicing and reporting TDRs for lines of business affected by the COVID-19 outbreak. This guidance was consistent with the guidance provided by other financial regulatory agencies and the Financial Accounting Standards Board that short-term modifications made on a good faith basis in response to the COVID-19 national emergency are not TDRs when the borrower was not past due on loan payments before the March 13, 2020 presidential proclamation declaring the COVID-19 outbreak a national emergency.

During second quarter 2020, Farmer Mac implemented the guidance from FCA by granting up to 6-month payment deferments to borrowers who have been economically impacted by COVID-19. Farmer Mac deems loans under a COVID-19 payment deferment not to be past due and continues to accrue interest on those loans. Furthermore, Farmer Mac does not consider a payment deferment on any such loan to be a troubled debt restructuring. For the purpose of estimating expected credit losses on Farm & Ranch loans held for investment, Farmer Mac does consider payment deferments along with other available credit and economic information that pertains to that portfolio.

1518

(d)New Accounting Standards

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance


Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on Consolidated Financial Statements
ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments	This Update required entities to measure all expected credit losses for financial assets held at amortized cost at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts, as well as requiring entities to use forward-looking information to form their credit loss estimates.	January 1, 2020	In first quarter 2020 Farmer Mac adopted the new guidance. The cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of January 1, 2020 reflected application of the new guidance and did not have a material effect on Farmer Mac's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. For more information on the transition adjustment see Table 1.5 below.
ASU 2017-08, Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities	The amendments in this Update shorten the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium by requiring the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. There is no required accounting change for securities held at a discount in this Update.	January 1, 2020	The adoption of this Update did not have a material effect on Farmer Mac's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement	The amendments in this Update modify the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements in Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements, including the consideration of costs and benefits. Certain disclosure requirements were either removed, modified, or added.	January 1, 2020	The adoption of this Update did not have a material effect on Farmer Mac's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

The following table presents the impact of adopting CECL on January 1, 2020 on our allowance and retained earnings:

Table 1.5


		December 31, 2019		Transition Adjustment		January 1, 2020			December 31, 2019		Transition Adjustment		January 1, 2020
		(in thousands)											(in thousands)
Allowance:	Allowance:							Allowance:
Farm & Ranch:	Farm & Ranch:							Farm & Ranch:
Loans	Loans	$	10,454	$	(3,909)	$	6,545	Loans	$	10,454	$	(3,909)	$	6,545
Long-term standby purchase commitments and guarantees	Long-term standby purchase commitments and guarantees	2,164		(148)		2,016		Long-term standby purchase commitments and guarantees	2,164		(148)		2,016
Rural Utilities:	Rural Utilities:							Rural Utilities:
Loans	Loans	—		5,378		5,378		Loans	0		5,378		5,378
Long-term standby purchase commitments	Long-term standby purchase commitments	—		1,011		1,011		Long-term standby purchase commitments	0		1,011		1,011
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:							Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
AgVantage	AgVantage	—		315		315		AgVantage	0		315		315
Investment Securities	Investment Securities	—		9		9		Investment Securities	0		9		9
Total Allowance	Total Allowance	$	12,618	$	2,656	$	15,274	Total Allowance	$	12,618	$	2,656	$	15,274

Retained Earnings	Retained Earnings	$	457,047	$	(2,099)	$	454,948	Retained Earnings	$	457,047	$	(2,099)	$	454,948

1619

Recently Issued Accounting Guidance, Not Yet Adopted Within Our Consolidated Financial Statements


Standard	Description	Date of Planned Adoption	Effect on Consolidated Financial Statements
ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting	The amendments in this Update provide optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for reference rate reform on financial reporting. They provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met.	The amendments in this ~~update~~Update are effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022.	Farmer Mac is currently evaluating the impact of the discontinuation of LIBOR on the consolidated financial statements and the applicability of the optional guidance provided by this ~~ASU.~~Update.

(e)Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications of prior period information were made to conform to the current period presentation.

2.INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The following tables set forth information about Farmer Mac's investment securities as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Table 2.1


		As of March 31, 2020																											As of September 30, 2020
		Amount Outstanding		Unamortized Premium/(Discount)		Amortized Cost⁽¹⁾		Allowance for losses⁽²⁾		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value			Amount Outstanding		Unamortized Premium/(Discount)		Amortized Cost(1)		Allowance for losses(2)		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
		(in thousands)																											(in thousands)
Available-for-sale:	Available-for-sale:															Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	19,700	$	—	$	19,700	$	(24)	$	—	$	(2,955)	$	16,721	Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	19,700	$	0	$	19,700	$	(37)	$	0	$	(591)	$	19,072
Floating rate asset-backed securities	Floating rate asset-backed securities	10,521		—		10,521		—		—		(18)		10,503		Floating rate asset-backed securities	9,205		0		9,205		0		0		(4)		9,201

Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	1,783,998		295		1,784,293		—		4,985		(11,279)		1,777,999		Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	2,279,737		33		2,279,770		0		9,415		(3,152)		2,286,033
Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	306		—		306		—		29		—		335		Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	285		0		285		0		33		0		318
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	1,140,465		4,409		1,144,874		—		10,725		—		1,155,599		Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	1,204,308		9,406		1,213,714		0		3,861		(9)		1,217,566
Total available-for-sale	Total available-for-sale	2,954,990		4,704		2,959,694		(24)		15,739		(14,252)		2,961,157		Total available-for-sale	3,513,235		9,439		3,522,674		(37)		13,309		(3,756)		3,532,190
Held-to-maturity:	Held-to-maturity:															Held-to-maturity:
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities⁽³⁾	Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities⁽³⁾	45,032		—		45,032		—		131		—		45,163		Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities(3)	45,032		0		45,032		0		1,153		0		46,185
Total investment securities	Total investment securities	$	3,000,022	$	4,704	$	3,004,726	$	(24)	$	15,870	$	(14,252)	$	3,006,320	Total investment securities	$	3,558,267	$	9,439	$	3,567,706	$	(37)	$	14,462	$	(3,756)	$	3,578,375

⁽¹⁾Amounts presented exclude ~~$8.3~~$5.7 million of accrued interest receivable on investment securities as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020.

⁽²⁾Represents the amount of impairment that has resulted from credit-related factors, and therefore was recognized in the consolidated statement of operations as a provision for losses. Amount excludes unrealized losses relating to non-credit factors.

⁽³⁾The held-to-maturity investment securities had a weighted average yield of ~~3.0%~~1.5% as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020.

1720

As of December 31, 2019
Amount Outstanding Unamortized Premium/(Discount) Amortized
Cost Unrealized
Gains Unrealized
Losses Fair Value
(in thousands)
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans $ 19,700 $ — $ 19,700 $ — $ (788) $ 18,912
Floating rate asset-backed securities 11,092 — 11,092 — (7) 11,085
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities 1,633,731 1,174 1,634,905 2,414 (4,736) 1,632,583
Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities 315 — 315 25 — 340
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries 1,295,210 208 1,295,418 1,520 (15) 1,296,923
Total available-for-sale 2,960,048 1,382 2,961,430 3,959 (5,546) 2,959,843
Held-to-maturity:
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities⁽¹⁾
45,032 — 45,032 953 — 45,985
Total investment securities $ 3,005,080 $ 1,382 $ 3,006,462 $ 4,912 $ (5,546) $ 3,005,828


	As of December 31, 2019
	Amount Outstanding		Unamortized Premium/(Discount)		Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
	(in thousands)
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	19,700	$	0	$	19,700	$	0	$	(788)	$	18,912
Floating rate asset-backed securities	11,092		0		11,092		0		(7)		11,085
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	1,633,731		1,174		1,634,905		2,414		(4,736)		1,632,583
Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	315		0		315		25		0		340
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	1,295,210		208		1,295,418		1,520		(15)		1,296,923
Total available-for-sale	2,960,048		1,382		2,961,430		3,959		(5,546)		2,959,843
Held-to-maturity:
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities(1)	45,032		0		45,032		953		0		45,985
Total investment securities	$	3,005,080	$	1,382	$	3,006,462	$	4,912	$	(5,546)	$	3,005,828

(1)The held-to-maturity investment securities had a weighted average yield of 3.3% as of December 31, 2019.

Farmer Mac did not sell any securities from its available-for-sale investment portfolio during the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, unrealized losses on available-for-sale investment securities were as follows:

Table 2.2


		As of March 31, 2020															As of September 30, 2020
		Available-for-Sale Securities															Available-for-Sale Securities
		Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months						Unrealized loss position for more than 12 months							Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months				Unrealized loss position for more than 12 months
		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
		(dollars in thousands)															(dollars in thousands)
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	—	$	—	$	16,721	$	(2,955)	Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	0	$	0	$	19,072	$	(591)
Floating rate asset-backed securities	Floating rate asset-backed securities	2,544		(9)		7,959		(9)		Floating rate asset-backed securities	0		0		6,873		(4)
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	871,617		(6,208)		411,651		(5,071)		Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	154,452		(464)		403,469		(2,688)

Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries										Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	50,861		(9)		0		0

Total	Total	$	874,161	$	(6,217)	$	436,331	$	(8,035)	Total	$	205,313	$	(473)	$	429,414	$	(3,283)

Number of securities in loss position	Number of securities in loss position			65				67		Number of securities in loss position			27				63

1821

As of December 31, 2019
Available-for-Sale Securities
Unrealized loss position for
less than 12 months Unrealized loss position for
more than 12 months
Fair Value Unrealized
Loss Fair Value Unrealized
Loss
(dollars in thousands)
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans $ — $ — $ 18,912 $ (788)
Floating rate asset-backed securities 2,583 (1) 8,502 (6)
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities 841,993 (2,244) 436,621 (2,492)
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries 35,107 (15) — —
Total $ 879,683 $ (2,260) $ 464,035 $ (3,286)
Number of securities in loss position 57 62


	As of December 31, 2019
	Available-for-Sale Securities
	Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months				Unrealized loss position for more than 12 months
	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
	(dollars in thousands)
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	0	$	0	$	18,912	$	(788)
Floating rate asset-backed securities	2,583		(1)		8,502		(6)
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	841,993		(2,244)		436,621		(2,492)
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	35,107		(15)		0		0
Total	$	879,683	$	(2,260)	$	464,035	$	(3,286)

Number of securities in loss position			57				62

The unrealized losses presented above are principally due to a general widening of market spreads and changes in the levels of interest rates from the dates of acquisition to ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, as applicable. The resulting decrease in fair values reflects an increase in the perceived risk by the financial markets related to those securities. As of both ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, all of the investment securities in an unrealized loss position either were backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government or had credit ratings of at least "AA+."

Securities in unrealized loss positions for 12 months or longer have a fair value as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 that is, on average, approximately ~~98.2%~~99.2% of their amortized cost basis. Farmer Mac believes that all of these unrealized losses are recoverable within a reasonable period of time by way of maturity or changes in credit spreads.

The amortized cost, fair value, and weighted-average yield of available-for-sale investment securities by remaining contractual maturity as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 are set forth below. Asset-backed and mortgage-backed securities are included based on their final maturities, although the actual maturities may differ due to prepayments of the underlying assets.

Table 2.3


		As of March 31, 2020										As of September 30, 2020
		Available-for-Sale Securities										Available-for-Sale Securities
		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Weighted- Average Yield		Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Weighted- Average Yield
		(dollars in thousands)										(dollars in thousands)
Due within one year	Due within one year	$	1,013,044	$	1,021,217	2.03%	Due within one year	$	1,142,369	$	1,146,222	2.01%
Due after one year through five years	Due after one year through five years	399,388		399,311		2.02%	Due after one year through five years	361,971		362,065		0.76%
Due after five years through ten years	Due after five years through ten years	808,042		804,652		2.03%	Due after five years through ten years	1,129,147		1,134,255		0.67%
Due after ten years	Due after ten years	739,220		735,977		1.91%	Due after ten years	889,187		889,648		0.69%
Total	Total	$	2,959,694	$	2,961,157	2.00%	Total	$	3,522,674	$	3,532,190	1.12%

1922

3.FARMER MAC GUARANTEED SECURITIES AND USDA SECURITIES

The following tables set forth information about on-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Table 3.1


		As of March 31, 2020																											As of September 30, 2020
		Unpaid Principal Balance		Unamortized Premium/(Discount)		Amortized Cost⁽¹⁾		Allowance for losses⁽²⁾		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value			Unpaid Principal Balance		Unamortized Premium/(Discount)		Amortized Cost(1)		Allowance for losses(2)		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
		(in thousands)																											(in thousands)
Held-to-maturity:	Held-to-maturity:															Held-to-maturity:
AgVantage	AgVantage	$	1,415,120	$	(110)	$	1,415,010	$	(640)	$	31,294	$	—	$	1,445,664	AgVantage	$	1,164,353	$	(73)	$	1,164,280	$	(216)	$	25,969	$	(99)	$	1,189,934
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	33,440		73		33,513		—		879		—		34,392		Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	36,414		92		36,506		0		1,026		(1)		37,531
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	1,448,560		(37)		1,448,523		(640)		32,173		—		1,480,056		Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	1,200,767		19		1,200,786		(216)		26,995		(100)		1,227,465
USDA Securities	USDA Securities	2,234,027		35,584		2,269,611		—		68,166		(1,637)		2,336,140		USDA Securities	2,381,416		29,432		2,410,848		0		105,721		(1,398)		2,515,171
Total held-to-maturity	Total held-to-maturity	$	3,682,587	$	35,547	$	3,718,134	$	(640)	$	100,339	$	(1,637)	$	3,816,196	Total held-to-maturity	$	3,582,183	$	29,451	$	3,611,634	$	(216)	$	132,716	$	(1,498)	$	3,742,636
Available-for-sale:	Available-for-sale:															Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	AgVantage	$	7,273,414	$	(111)	$	7,273,303	$	(166)	$	378,974	$	(64,925)	$	7,587,186	AgVantage	$	7,149,082	$	1,524	$	7,150,606	$	(330)	$	394,280	$	(32,918)	$	7,511,638
Trading:	Trading:															Trading:
USDA Securities⁽³⁾	USDA Securities⁽³⁾	$	7,835	$	433	$	8,268	$	—	$	149	$	(9)	$	8,408	USDA Securities(3)	$	6,617	$	352	$	6,969	$	0	$	10	$	(149)	$	6,830

⁽¹⁾Amounts presented exclude ~~$35.9~~$32.7 million, ~~$40.6~~$41.1 million, and ~~$0.2~~$0.1 million of accrued interest receivable on available-for-sale, held-to-maturity, and trading securities, respectively, as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020.

⁽²⁾Represents the amount of impairment that has resulted from credit-related factors, and therefore was recognized in the statement of financial operations as a provision for losses. Amount excludes unrealized losses relating to non-credit factors.

⁽³⁾The trading USDA securities had a weighted average yield of ~~5.19%~~5.09% as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020.


		As of December 31, 2019																							As of December 31, 2019
		Unpaid Principal Balance		Unamortized Premium/(Discount)		Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value			Unpaid Principal Balance		Unamortized Premium/(Discount)		Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
		(in thousands)																							(in thousands)
Held-to-maturity:	Held-to-maturity:													Held-to-maturity:
AgVantage	AgVantage	$	1,415,584	$	(174)	$	1,415,410	$	15,300	$	(164)	$	1,430,546	AgVantage	$	1,415,584	$	(174)	$	1,415,410	$	15,300	$	(164)	$	1,430,546
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	31,887		154		32,041		839		—		32,880		Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	31,887		154		32,041		839		0		32,880
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	1,447,471		(20)		1,447,451		16,139		(164)		1,463,426		Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	1,447,471		(20)		1,447,451		16,139		(164)		1,463,426
USDA Securities	USDA Securities	2,190,671		41,489		2,232,160		54,356		(758)		2,285,758		USDA Securities	2,190,671		41,489		2,232,160		54,356		(758)		2,285,758
Total held-to-maturity	Total held-to-maturity	$	3,638,142	$	41,469	$	3,679,611	$	70,495	$	(922)	$	3,749,184	Total held-to-maturity	$	3,638,142	$	41,469	$	3,679,611	$	70,495	$	(922)	$	3,749,184
Available-for-sale:	Available-for-sale:													Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	AgVantage	$	7,017,095	$	(124)	$	7,016,971	$	161,316	$	(35,262)	$	7,143,025	AgVantage	$	7,017,095	$	(124)	$	7,016,971	$	161,316	$	(35,262)	$	7,143,025
Trading:	Trading:													Trading:
USDA Securities⁽¹⁾	USDA Securities⁽¹⁾	$	8,400	$	479	$	8,879	$	61	$	(27)	$	8,913	USDA Securities(1)	$	8,400	$	479	$	8,879	$	61	$	(27)	$	8,913

⁽¹⁾The trading USDA securities had a weighted average yield of 5.20% as of December 31, 2019.

2023

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, unrealized losses on held-to-maturity and available-for-sale on-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities were as follows:

Table 3.2


		As of March 31, 2020															As of September 30, 2020
		Held-to-Maturity and Available-for-Sale Securities															Held-to-Maturity and Available-for-Sale Securities
		Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months						Unrealized loss position for more than 12 months							Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months				Unrealized loss position for more than 12 months
		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
		(in thousands)															(in thousands)
Held-to-maturity:	Held-to-maturity:									Held-to-maturity:

AgVantage										AgVantage	$	49,901	$	(99)	$	0	$	0
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities										Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	45		(1)		0		0
USDA Securities	USDA Securities	$	—	$	—	$	25,066	$	(1,637)	USDA Securities	$	0	$	0	$	21,521	$	(1,398)
Total held-to-maturity	Total held-to-maturity	$	—	$	—	$	25,066	$	(1,637)	Total held-to-maturity	$	49,946	$	(100)	$	21,521	$	(1,398)

Available-for-sale:	Available-for-sale:									Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	AgVantage	$	244,823	$	(540)	$	830,797	$	(64,385)	AgVantage	$	333,544	$	(445)	$	972,161	$	(32,473)


		As of December 31, 2019															As of December 31, 2019
		Held-to-Maturity and Available-for-Sale Securities															Held-to-Maturity and Available-for-Sale Securities
		Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months						Unrealized loss position for more than 12 months							Unrealized loss position for less than 12 months				Unrealized loss position for more than 12 months
		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss			Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
		(in thousands)															(in thousands)
Held-to-maturity:	Held-to-maturity:									Held-to-maturity:
AgVantage	AgVantage	$	—	$	—	$	301,836	$	(164)	AgVantage	$	0	$	0	$	301,836	$	(164)
USDA Securities	USDA Securities	—		—		27,089		(758)		USDA Securities	0		0		27,089		(758)
Total held-to-maturity	Total held-to-maturity	$	—	$	—	$	328,925	$	(922)	Total held-to-maturity	$	0	$	0	$	328,925	$	(922)

Available-for-sale:	Available-for-sale:									Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	AgVantage	$	225,239	$	(2,203)	$	1,394,802	$	(33,059)	AgVantage	$	225,239	$	(2,203)	$	1,394,802	$	(33,059)

The unrealized losses presented above are principally due to changes in interest rates from the date of acquisition to ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, as applicable. The unrealized losses on the held-to-maturity USDA Securities as of both ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 reflect their increased cost basis resulting from their transfer to held-to-maturity as of October 1, 2016.

The credit exposure related to Farmer Mac's USDA Guarantees line of business is covered by the full faith and credit guarantee of the United ~~States.~~States of America. As of September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac had executed COVID-19 payment deferments on loans with unpaid principal balances of $83.8 million underlying USDA Securities.

The unrealized losses from AgVantage securities were on 912 and 17 available-for-sale securities as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. There were 02 and 4 held-to-maturity AgVantage securities with an unrealized loss as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019,

respectively. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, 67 and 13 available-for-sale AgVantage securities, respectively, had been in a loss position for more than 12 months.

During the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019, Farmer Mac had no sales of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities or USDA Securities and, therefore, Farmer Mac realized no gains or losses.

The amortized cost, fair value, and weighted-average yield of available-for-sale and held-to-maturity Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities by remaining contractual maturity as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 are set forth below. The balances presented are based on their final maturities, although the actual maturities may differ due to prepayments of the underlying assets.

Table 3.3


		As of March 31, 2020											As of September 30, 2020
		Available-for-Sale Securities											Available-for-Sale Securities
		Amortized Cost⁽¹⁾		Fair Value⁽²⁾		Weighted- Average Yield			Amortized Cost(1)		Fair Value		Weighted- Average Yield
		(dollars in thousands)											(dollars in thousands)
Due within one year	Due within one year	$	1,202,779	$	1,207,673	1.82	%	Due within one year	$	1,461,551	$	1,468,084	1.48	%
Due after one year through five years	Due after one year through five years	3,358,079		3,479,730		2.77	%	Due after one year through five years	3,102,003		3,214,595		2.24	%
Due after five years through ten years	Due after five years through ten years	1,181,538		1,259,191		2.86	%	Due after five years through ten years	1,073,248		1,157,450		2.42	%
Due after ten years	Due after ten years	1,530,907		1,640,758		3.10	%	Due after ten years	1,513,804		1,671,509		2.57	%
Total	Total	$	7,273,303	$	7,587,352	2.70	%	Total	$	7,150,606	$	7,511,638	2.18	%

⁽¹⁾Amounts presented exclude ~~$35.9~~$32.7 million of accrued interest receivable.

⁽²⁾~~Amounts presented exclude $0.2 million related to the allowance for losses.~~


		As of March 31, 2020											As of September 30, 2020
		Held-to-Maturity Securities											Held-to-Maturity Securities
		Amortized Cost⁽¹⁾		Fair Value⁽²⁾		Weighted- Average Yield			Amortized Cost(1)		Fair Value		Weighted- Average Yield
		(dollars in thousands)											(dollars in thousands)
Due within one year	Due within one year	$	655,928	$	660,512	2.57	%	Due within one year	$	482,593	$	486,460	2.75	%
Due after one year through five years	Due after one year through five years	840,702		869,401		3.27	%	Due after one year through five years	765,529		790,138		3.15	%
Due after five years through ten years	Due after five years through ten years	210,888		216,447		3.34	%	Due after five years through ten years	226,396		234,799		2.96	%
Due after ten years	Due after ten years	2,010,616		2,070,476		3.52	%	Due after ten years	2,137,116		2,231,239		3.25	%
Total	Total	$	3,718,134	$	3,816,836	3.29	%	Total	$	3,611,634	$	3,742,636	3.11	%

⁽¹⁾Amounts presented exclude ~~$40.6~~$41.1 million of accrued interest receivable.

⁽²⁾~~Amounts presented exclude $0.6 million related to the allowance for losses.~~

4.FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES

Farmer Mac enters into financial derivative transactions to protect against risk from the effects of market price, or interest rate movements, on the value of certain assets, future cash flows, or debt issuance, and not for trading or speculative purposes. For more information about Farmer Mac's financial derivatives, see Note 6 in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on February 25, 2020.

2225

The following tables summarize information related to Farmer Mac's financial derivatives on a gross basis without giving consideration to master netting arrangements as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Table 4.1


		As of March 31, 2020																					As of September 30, 2020
				Fair Value					Weighted- Average Pay Rate	Weighted- Average Receive Rate	Weighted- Average Forward Price			Weighted- Average Remaining Term (in years)			Fair Value			Weighted- Average Pay Rate	Weighted- Average Receive Rate		Weighted- Average Forward Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Term (in years)
		Notional Amount		Asset		(Liability)											Notional Amount		Asset					Weighted- Average Remaining Term (in years)
		(dollars in thousands)																							(dollars in thousands)
Fair value hedges:	Fair value hedges:											Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swaps:	Interest rate swaps:											Interest rate swaps:
Pay fixed non-callable	Pay fixed non-callable	$	5,099,293	$	4,339	$	(6,583)	2.42%	1.54%		11.64	Pay fixed non-callable	$	5,410,407	$	5,530	$	(4,106)	2.26%	0.24%			12.02
Receive fixed non-callable	Receive fixed non-callable	2,201,500		1,303		(9,730)		1.66%	2.06%		2.22	Receive fixed non-callable	2,435,729		0		(11,532)		0.35%	1.75%			2.26
Receive fixed callable	Receive fixed callable	413,000		4,954		(26)		1.36%	1.95%		3.38	Receive fixed callable	343,500		4,460		0		0.18%	1.78%			3.41
Cash flow hedges:	Cash flow hedges:											Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps:	Interest rate swaps:											Interest rate swaps:
Pay fixed non-callable	Pay fixed non-callable	458,000		1,434		(11,391)		2.31%	1.22%		5.36	Pay fixed non-callable	482,000		1,597		(10,739)		2.02%	0.56%			6.17
No hedge designation:	No hedge designation:											No hedge designation:
Interest rate swaps:	Interest rate swaps:											Interest rate swaps:
Pay fixed non-callable	Pay fixed non-callable	339,721		—		(22,683)		3.54%	1.69%		5.32	Pay fixed non-callable	356,864		0		(10,879)		2.38%	0.24%			4.26
Receive fixed non-callable	Receive fixed non-callable	3,111,639		—		—		1.17%	1.39%		1.01	Receive fixed non-callable	2,622,182		0		0		0.16%	0.98%			0.73
Receive fixed callable	Receive fixed callable	500,000		604		—		1.52%	1.75%		0.86	Receive fixed callable	200,000		1		(5)		0.07%	0.08%			0.97
Basis swaps	Basis swaps	2,850,000		58		(3,385)		1.49%	0.66%		0.91	Basis swaps	3,268,500		1,242		(188)		0.22%	0.25%			1.29
Treasury futures	Treasury futures	18,500				(114)				138.07		Treasury futures	4,400		9		0					139.73
Credit valuation adjustment	Credit valuation adjustment			—		117						Credit valuation adjustment			(2)		92
Total financial derivatives	Total financial derivatives	$	14,991,653	$	12,692	$	(53,795)					Total financial derivatives	$	15,123,582	$	12,837	$	(37,357)
Collateral (held)/pledged	Collateral (held)/pledged			(2,525)		225,404						Collateral (held)/pledged			(600)		225,646
Net amount	Net amount			$	10,167	$	171,609					Net amount			$	12,237	$	188,289

2326


		As of December 31, 2019																					As of December 31, 2019
				Fair Value					Weighted- Average Pay Rate	Weighted- Average Receive Rate	Weighted- Average Forward Price			Weighted- Average Remaining Term (in years)			Fair Value			Weighted- Average Pay Rate	Weighted- Average Receive Rate		Weighted- Average Forward Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Term (in years)
		Notional Amount		Asset		(Liability)											Notional Amount		Asset					Weighted- Average Remaining Term (in years)
		(dollars in thousands)																							(dollars in thousands)
Fair value hedges:	Fair value hedges:											Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swaps:	Interest rate swaps:											Interest rate swaps:
Pay fixed non-callable	Pay fixed non-callable	$	4,955,686	$	7,163	$	(3,281)	2.47%	1.93%		11.26	Pay fixed non-callable	$	4,955,686	$	7,163	$	(3,281)	2.47%	1.93%			11.26
Receive fixed non-callable	Receive fixed non-callable	1,413,200		76		(5,329)		1.88%	2.13%		1.25	Receive fixed non-callable	1,413,200		76		(5,329)		1.88%	2.13%			1.25
Receive fixed callable	Receive fixed callable	524,000		476		(772)		1.52%	1.91%		2.83	Receive fixed callable	524,000		476		(772)		1.52%	1.91%			2.83
Cash flow hedges:	Cash flow hedges:											Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps:	Interest rate swaps:											Interest rate swaps:
Pay fixed non-callable	Pay fixed non-callable	428,000		1,882		(1,514)		2.36%	2.12%		5.43	Pay fixed non-callable	428,000		1,882		(1,514)		2.36%	2.12%			5.43
No hedge designation:	No hedge designation:											No hedge designation:
Interest rate swaps:	Interest rate swaps:											Interest rate swaps:
Pay fixed non-callable	Pay fixed non-callable	342,745		7		(14,046)		3.55%	2.00%		5.51	Pay fixed non-callable	342,745		7		(14,046)		3.55%	2.00%			5.51
Receive fixed non-callable	Receive fixed non-callable	3,124,148		49		(1,637)		1.88%	2.06%		1.66	Receive fixed non-callable	3,124,148		49		(1,637)		1.88%	2.06%			1.66
Receive fixed callable	Receive fixed callable	525,000		79		(80)		1.64%	1.68%		0.83	Receive fixed callable	525,000		79		(80)		1.64%	1.68%			0.83
Basis swaps	Basis swaps	2,670,000		787		(395)		1.86%	1.76%		0.90	Basis swaps	2,670,000		787		(395)		1.86%	1.76%			0.90
Treasury futures	Treasury futures	39,400		—		(51)				128.29		Treasury futures	39,400		0		(51)					128.29
Credit valuation adjustment	Credit valuation adjustment			—		63						Credit valuation adjustment			0		63
Total financial derivatives	Total financial derivatives	$	14,022,179	$	10,519	$	(27,042)					Total financial derivatives	$	14,022,179	$	10,519	$	(27,042)
Collateral (held)/pledged	Collateral (held)/pledged			(2,685)		132,129						Collateral (held)/pledged			(2,685)		132,129
Net amount	Net amount			$	7,834	$	105,087					Net amount			$	7,834	$	105,087

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac expects to reclassify ~~$5.2~~$5.3 million after tax from accumulated other comprehensive income to earnings over the next twelve months. This amount could differ from amounts actually recognized due to changes in interest rates, hedge de-designations, and the addition of other hedges after ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020. During the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019, there were 0 gains or losses from interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges reclassified to earnings because it was probable that the originally forecasted transactions would occur.

2427

The following table summarizes the net income/(expense) recognized in the consolidated statements of operations related to derivatives for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Table 4.2


		For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020																							For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
		Net Income/(Expense) Recognized in Consolidated Statement of Operations on Derivatives																							Net Income/(Expense) Recognized in Consolidated Statement of Operations on Derivatives
		Net Interest Income												Non-Interest Income			Total		Net Interest Income									Non-Interest Income	Total
		Interest Income Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities		Interest Income Loans		Total Interest Expense		Losses on financial derivatives				Total			Interest Income Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities			Interest Income Loans			Total Interest Expense			Losses on financial derivatives			Total
		(in thousands)																							(in thousands)
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of operations	Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of operations	$	71,517	$	60,596	$	(108,542)	$	(9,298)	$	14,273	Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of operations	$	45,335		$	56,204		$	(63,974)		$	(564)		$	37,001
Income/(expense) related to interest settlements on fair value hedging relationships:	Income/(expense) related to interest settlements on fair value hedging relationships:											Income/(expense) related to interest settlements on fair value hedging relationships:
Recognized on derivatives	Recognized on derivatives	(6,152)		(1,877)		1,634		—		(6,395)		Recognized on derivatives	(20,373)			(6,194)			9,605			0			(16,962)
Recognized on hedged items	Recognized on hedged items	31,826		8,677		(14,276)		—		26,227		Recognized on hedged items	31,439			10,965			(12,328)			0			30,076
Discount amortization recognized on hedged items	Discount amortization recognized on hedged items	—		—		(180)		—		(180)		Discount amortization recognized on hedged items	0			0			(191)			0			(191)
Income/(expense) related to interest settlements on fair value hedging relationships	Income/(expense) related to interest settlements on fair value hedging relationships	$	25,674	$	6,800	$	(12,822)	$	—	$	19,652	Income/(expense) related to interest settlements on fair value hedging relationships	$	11,066		$	4,771		$	(2,914)		$	0		$	12,923

(Losses)/gains on fair value hedging relationships:	(Losses)/gains on fair value hedging relationships:											(Losses)/gains on fair value hedging relationships:
Recognized on derivatives	Recognized on derivatives	$	(293,932)	$	(145,906)	$	58,934	$	—	$	(380,904)	Recognized on derivatives	$	38,363		$	28,198		$	(9,665)		$	0		$	56,896
Recognized on hedged items	Recognized on hedged items	290,379		145,409		(60,565)		—		375,223		Recognized on hedged items	(41,855)			(29,372)			9,284			0			(61,943)
(Losses)/gains on fair value hedging relationships	(Losses)/gains on fair value hedging relationships	$	(3,553)	$	(497)	$	(1,631)	$	—	$	(5,681)	(Losses)/gains on fair value hedging relationships	$	(3,492)		$	(1,174)		$	(381)		$	0		$	(5,047)

Expense related to interest settlements on cash flow hedging relationships:	Expense related to interest settlements on cash flow hedging relationships:											Expense related to interest settlements on cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest settlements reclassified from AOCI into net income on derivatives	Interest settlements reclassified from AOCI into net income on derivatives	$	—	$	—	$	(439)	$	—	$	(439)	Interest settlements reclassified from AOCI into net income on derivatives	$	0		$	0		$	(1,814)		$	0		$	(1,814)
Recognized on hedged items	Recognized on hedged items	—		—		(2,123)		—		(2,123)		Recognized on hedged items	0			0			(711)			0			(711)
Discount amortization recognized on hedged items	Discount amortization recognized on hedged items	—		—		(1)		—		(1)		Discount amortization recognized on hedged items	0			0			(4)			0			(4)
Expense recognized on cash flow hedges	Expense recognized on cash flow hedges	$	—	$	—	$	(2,563)	$	—	$	(2,563)	Expense recognized on cash flow hedges	$	0		$	0		$	(2,529)		$	0		$	(2,529)

Losses on financial derivatives not designated in hedging relationships:	Losses on financial derivatives not designated in hedging relationships:											Losses on financial derivatives not designated in hedging relationships:
Losses on interest rate swaps	Losses on interest rate swaps	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(6,550)	$	(6,550)	Losses on interest rate swaps	$	0		$	0		$	0		$	(4,292)		$	(4,292)
Interest expense on interest rate swaps	Interest expense on interest rate swaps	—		—		—		(862)		(862)		Interest expense on interest rate swaps	0			0			0			3,800			3,800

Treasury futures	Treasury futures	—		—		—		(1,886)		(1,886)		Treasury futures	0			0			0			(72)			(72)
Losses on financial derivatives not designated in hedge relationships	Losses on financial derivatives not designated in hedge relationships	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(9,298)	$	(9,298)	Losses on financial derivatives not designated in hedge relationships	$	0		$	0		$	0		$	(564)		$	(564)

2528

For The Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Net Income/(Expense) Recognized in Consolidated Statement of Operations on Derivatives
Net Interest Income Non-Interest Income Total
Interest Income
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities Interest Income Loans Total Interest Expense Losses on financial derivatives
(in thousands)
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of operations: $ 85,411 $ 51,397 $ (114,916) $ (360) $ 21,532
Income/(expense) related to interest settlements on fair value hedging relationships:
Recognized on derivatives 1,550 (22) (3,218) — (1,690)
Recognized on hedged items 24,565 4,555 (9,922) — 19,198
Discount amortization recognized on hedged items — — (149) — (149)
Income/(expense) related to interest settlements on fair value hedging relationships $ 26,115 $ 4,533 $ (13,289) $ — $ 17,359
Gains/(losses) on fair value hedging relationships:
Recognized on derivatives $ (58,987) $ (20,082) $ 8,978 $ — $ (70,091)
Recognized on hedged items 59,352 16,237 (8,197) — 67,392
Gains/(losses) on fair value hedging relationships $ 365 $ (3,845) $ 781 $ — $ (2,699)
Expense related to interest settlements on cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest settlements reclassified from AOCI into net income on derivatives $ — $ — $ 481 $ — $ 481
Recognized on hedged items — — (2,688) — (2,688)
Discount amortization recognized on hedged items — — (1) — (1)
Expense recognized on cash flow hedges $ — $ — $ (2,208) $ — $ (2,208)
Losses on financial derivatives not designated in hedge relationships:
Gains on interest rate swaps $ — $ — $ — $ 2,168 $ 2,168
Interest expense on interest rate swaps — — — (2,300) (2,300)
Treasury futures — — — (228) (228)
Losses on financial derivatives not designated in hedge relationships $ — $ — $ — $ (360) $ (360)


	For The Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Net Income/(Expense) Recognized in Consolidated Statement of Operations on Derivatives
	Net Interest Income						Non-Interest Income		Total
	Interest Income Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities		Interest Income Loans		Total Interest Expense		Losses on financial derivatives
	(in thousands)
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of operations:	$	81,649	$	56,992	$	(121,384)	$	(7,360)	$	9,897
Income/(expense) related to interest settlements on fair value hedging relationships:
Recognized on derivatives	(1,051)		(584)		(961)		0		(2,596)
Recognized on hedged items	31,435		7,321		(10,778)		0		27,978
Discount amortization recognized on hedged items	0		0		(146)		0		(146)
Income/(expense) related to interest settlements on fair value hedging relationships	$	30,384	$	6,737	$	(11,885)	$	0	$	25,236

(Losses)/gains on fair value hedging relationships:
Recognized on derivatives	$	(87,495)	$	(35,597)	$	1,979	$	0	$	(121,113)
Recognized on hedged items	84,164		33,493		(1,034)		0		116,623
(Losses)/gains on fair value hedging relationships	$	(3,331)	$	(2,104)	$	945	$	0	$	(4,490)

Expense related to interest settlements on cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest settlements reclassified from AOCI into net income on derivatives	$	0	$	0	$	317	$	0	$	317
Recognized on hedged items	0		0		(2,726)		0		(2,726)
Discount amortization recognized on hedged items	0		0		(1)		0		(1)
Expense recognized on cash flow hedges	$	0	$	0	$	(2,410)	$	0	$	(2,410)

Losses on financial derivatives not designated in hedge relationships:
Losses on interest rate swaps	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	(7,402)	$	(7,402)
Interest expense on interest rate swaps	0		0		0		127		127

Treasury futures	0		0		0		(85)		(85)
Losses on financial derivatives not designated in hedge relationships	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	(7,360)	$	(7,360)

2629


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Net Income/(Expense) Recognized in Consolidated Statement of Operations on Derivatives
	Net Interest Income						Non-Interest Income		Total
	Interest Income Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities		Interest Income Loans		Total Interest Expense		Losses on financial derivatives
	(in thousands)
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of operations	$	178,644	$	172,230	$	(251,789)	$	(3,339)	$	95,746
Income/(expense) related to interest settlements on fair value hedging relationships:
Recognized on derivatives	(38,781)		(12,607)		16,671		0		(34,717)
Recognized on hedged items	95,366		29,454		(39,325)		0		85,495
Discount amortization recognized on hedged items	0		0		(552)		0		(552)
Income/(expense) related to interest settlements on fair value hedging relationships	$	56,585	$	16,847	$	(23,206)	$	0	$	50,226

(Losses)/gains on fair value hedging relationships:
Recognized on derivatives	$	(264,797)	$	(124,322)	$	52,991	$	0	$	(336,128)
Recognized on hedged items	257,575		119,072		(53,628)		0		323,019
(Losses)/gains on fair value hedging relationships	$	(7,222)	$	(5,250)	$	(637)	$	0	$	(13,109)

Expense related to interest settlements on cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest settlements reclassified from AOCI into net income on derivatives	$	0	$	0	$	(3,817)	$	0	$	(3,817)
Recognized on hedged items	0		0		(3,863)		0		(3,863)
Discount amortization recognized on hedged items	0		0		(6)		0		(6)
Expense recognized on cash flow hedges	$	0	$	0	$	(7,686)	$	0	$	(7,686)

(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives not designated in hedging relationships:
Losses on interest rate swaps	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	(2,415)	$	(2,415)
Interest expense on interest rate swaps	0		0		0		1,143		1,143

Treasury futures	0		0		0		(2,067)		(2,067)
(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives not designated in hedge relationships	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	(3,339)	$	(3,339)


	For The Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Net Income/(Expense) Recognized in Consolidated Statement of Operations on Derivatives
	Net Interest Income						Non-Interest Income		Total
	Interest Income Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities		Interest Income Loans		Total Interest Expense		Gains on financial derivatives
	(in thousands)
Total amounts presented in the consolidated statement of operations:	$	252,629	$	167,792	$	(358,374)	$	1,193	$	63,240
Income/(expense) related to interest settlements on fair value hedging relationships:
Recognized on derivatives	1,665		(808)		(6,751)		0		(5,894)
Recognized on hedged items	86,628		18,199		(32,594)		0		72,233
Discount amortization recognized on hedged items	0		0		(460)		0		(460)
Income/(expense) related to interest settlements on fair value hedging relationships	$	88,293	$	17,391	$	(39,805)	$	0	$	65,879

Gains/(losses) on fair value hedging relationships:
Recognized on derivatives	$	(262,886)	$	(89,631)	$	27,101	$	0	$	(325,416)
Recognized on hedged items	258,155		83,524		(24,880)		0		316,799
Gains/(losses) on fair value hedging relationships	$	(4,731)	$	(6,107)	$	2,221	$	0	$	(8,617)

Expense related to interest settlements on cash flow hedging relationships:
Interest settlements reclassified from AOCI into net income on derivatives	$	0	$	0	$	1,260	$	0	$	1,260
Recognized on hedged items	0		0		(8,142)		0		(8,142)
Discount amortization recognized on hedged items	0		0		(3)		0		(3)
Expense recognized on cash flow hedges	$	0	$	0	$	(6,885)	$	0	$	(6,885)

Gains on financial derivatives not designated in hedge relationships:
Gains on interest rate swaps	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	5,920	$	5,920
Interest expense on interest rate swaps	0		0		0		(3,321)		(3,321)

Treasury futures	0		0		0		(1,406)		(1,406)
Gains on financial derivatives not designated in hedge relationships	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	1,193	$	1,193

The following table shows the carrying amount and associated cumulative basis adjustment related to the application of hedge accounting that is included in the carrying amount of hedged assets and liabilities in fair value hedging relationships as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Table 4.3


		Hedged Items in Fair Value Relationship															Hedged Items in Fair Value Relationship
		Carrying Amount of Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)						Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustments included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)							Carrying Amount of Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)				Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustments included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)
		March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019		March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019			September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019		September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
		(in thousands)															(in thousands)
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, Available-for-Sale, at fair value(1)	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, Available-for-Sale, at fair value(1)	$	4,281,350	$	4,092,611	$	470,588	$	180,215	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, Available-for-Sale, at fair value(1)	$	4,277,240	$	4,092,611	$	437,777	$	180,215
Loans held for investment, at amortized cost(3)	Loans held for investment, at amortized cost(3)	1,330,359		1,050,335		183,315		37,907		Loans held for investment, at amortized cost(3)	1,628,241		1,050,335		156,979		37,907

Notes Payable⁽¹⁾⁽⁴⁾	Notes Payable⁽¹⁾⁽⁴⁾	(2,680,981)		(2,761,052)		(68,045)		(7,433)		Notes Payable⁽¹⁾⁽⁴⁾	(2,838,690)		(2,761,052)		(61,149)		(7,433)

⁽¹⁾Includes $1.6 million of hedging adjustments on discontinued hedging relationships as of September 30, 2020.

(2)Includes $1.4 million of hedging adjustments on a discontinued hedging relationship as of September 30, 2020.

(3)Includes $0.2 million as of September 30, 2020 in fair value adjustment, currently included in "Prepaid expenses and other assets" related to hedge accounting designations of purchase commitments

(4)Carrying amount represents amortized cost.

The following table shows Farmer Mac's credit exposure to interest rate swap counterparties as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Table 4.4


		March 31, 2020											September 30, 2020
		Gross Amount Recognized⁽¹⁾		Counterparty Netting		Net Amount Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet			Gross Amount Recognized(1)		Counterparty Netting		Net Amount Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet
		(in thousands)											(in thousands)
Assets:	Assets:							Assets:
Derivatives	Derivatives							Derivatives
Interest rate swap	Interest rate swap	$	118,349	$	116,517	$	1,832	Interest rate swap	$	114,788	$	114,165	$	623
Liabilities:	Liabilities:							Liabilities:
Derivatives	Derivatives							Derivatives
Interest rate swap	Interest rate swap	$	780,184	$	776,764	$	3,420	Interest rate swap	$	718,812	$	714,470	$	4,342

⁽¹⁾Gross amount excludes netting arrangements and any adjustment for nonperformance risk, but includes accrued interest.


	December 31, 2019
	Gross Amount Recognized(1)		Counterparty Netting		Net Amount Presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet
	(in thousands)
Assets:
Derivatives
Interest rate swaps	$	56,139	$	53,771	$	2,368
Liabilities:
Derivatives
Interest rate swaps	$	305,584	$	291,326	$	14,258

⁽¹⁾Gross amount excludes netting arrangements and any adjustment for nonperformance risk, but includes accrued interest.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac held ~~$2.5~~$0.6 million of cash and 0 investment securities as collateral for its derivatives in net asset positions, compared to $2.7 million of cash and 0 investment securities as collateral for its derivatives in net asset positions as of December 31, 2019.

Farmer Mac posted ~~$19.3~~$13.6 million cash and ~~$206.1~~$212.1 million of investment securities as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and posted $0.5 million cash and $131.7 million investment securities as of December 31, 2019. Farmer Mac records posted cash as a reduction in the outstanding balance of cash and cash equivalents and an increase in the balance of prepaid expenses and other assets. Any investment securities posted as collateral are included in the investment securities balances on the consolidated balance sheets. If Farmer Mac had breached certain provisions of the derivative contracts as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, it could have been required to settle its obligations under the agreements, but would not have been required to post additional collateral. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there were 0 financial derivatives in a net payable position where Farmer Mac was required to pledge collateral which the counterparty had the right to sell or repledge.

Of Farmer Mac's ~~$15.0~~$15.1 billion notional amount of interest rate swaps outstanding as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, ~~$11.9~~$12.4 billion were cleared through the swap clearinghouse, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange ("CME"). Of Farmer Mac's $14.0 billion notional amount of interest rate swaps outstanding as of December 31, 2019, $11.0 billion were cleared through the CME. During the first ~~quarter~~half of 2020 and throughout 2019, ~~the Company~~Farmer Mac increased its use of non-cleared basis swaps as it began to prepare for the transition away from the use of LIBOR as a reference rate. For more information about interest rate swaps cleared through a clearinghouse, see Note 6 in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on February 25, 2020.

5.LOANS

~~Loans~~

Farmer Mac classifies loans as either held for investment or held for sale. Loans held for investment are recorded at the unpaid principal balance, net of unamortized premium or discount and other cost basis adjustments. Loans held for sale are reported at the lower of cost or fair value determined on a pooled

basis. During the three months ended September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac acquired $59.2 million in loans held for sale, of which it sold $15.0 million during the quarter, and reclassified $24.2 million as loans held for investment. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, Farmer Mac had $20.0 million and 0 loans held for sale, respectively.

The following table includes loans held for investment and loans held for sale and displays the composition of the loan balances as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Table 5.1


		As of March 31, 2020⁽¹⁾										As of December 31, 2019⁽²⁾											As of September 30, 2020(1)				As of December 31, 2019(2)
		Unsecuritized		In Consolidated Trusts		Total		Unsecuritized		In Consolidated Trusts		Total			Unsecuritized		In Consolidated Trusts		Total		Unsecuritized		In Consolidated Trusts		Total
		(in thousands)																							(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch	Farm & Ranch	$	3,817,693	$	1,540,689	$	5,358,382	$	3,675,640	$	1,600,917	$	5,276,557	Farm & Ranch	$	4,580,917	$	1,276,407	$	5,857,324	$	3,675,640	$	1,600,917	$	5,276,557
Rural Utilities	Rural Utilities	1,789,726		—		1,789,726		1,671,293		—		1,671,293		Rural Utilities	2,109,355		0		2,109,355		1,671,293		0		1,671,293
Total unpaid principal balance⁽³⁾	Total unpaid principal balance⁽³⁾	5,607,419		1,540,689		7,148,108		5,346,933		1,600,917		6,947,850		Total unpaid principal balance(3)	6,690,272		1,276,407		7,966,679		5,346,933		1,600,917		6,947,850
Unamortized premiums, discounts, fair value hedge basis adjustment, and other cost basis adjustments	Unamortized premiums, discounts, fair value hedge basis adjustment, and other cost basis adjustments	181,972		—		181,972		44,044		—		44,044		Unamortized premiums, discounts, fair value hedge basis adjustment, and other cost basis adjustments	154,789		0		154,789		44,044		0		44,044
Total loans	Total loans	5,789,391		1,540,689		7,330,080		5,390,977		1,600,917		6,991,894		Total loans	6,845,061		1,276,407		8,121,468		5,390,977		1,600,917		6,991,894
Allowance for losses	Allowance for losses	(13,663)		(1,193)		(14,856)		(8,853)		(1,601)		(10,454)		Allowance for losses	(14,878)		(943)		(15,821)		(8,853)		(1,601)		(10,454)
Total loans, net of allowance	Total loans, net of allowance	$	5,775,728	$	1,539,496	$	7,315,224	$	5,382,124	$	1,599,316	$	6,981,440	Total loans, net of allowance	$	6,830,183	$	1,275,464	$	8,105,647	$	5,382,124	$	1,599,316	$	6,981,440

⁽¹⁾Allowance for losses reflects the adoption of ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses," ~~in first quarter~~effective January 1, 2020.

⁽²⁾Prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses," ~~in first quarter~~effective January 1, 2020, Farmer Mac maintained an allowance for losses to cover estimated probable incurred losses on loans held.

⁽³⁾Unpaid principal balance is the basis of presentation in disclosures of outstanding balances for Farmer Mac's lines of business.

Allowance for Losses

The following table is a summary, by asset type, of the allowance for losses as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Table 5.2


		March 31, 2020⁽¹⁾		December 31, 2019⁽²⁾			September 30, 2020(1)		December 31, 2019(2)
		Allowance for Losses		Allowance for Losses			Allowance for Losses		Allowance for Losses
		(in thousands)							(in thousands)
Loans:	Loans:					Loans:
Farm & Ranch	Farm & Ranch	$	7,353	$	10,454	Farm & Ranch	$	5,739	$	10,454
Rural Utilities	Rural Utilities	7,503		—		Rural Utilities	10,082		0
Total	Total	$	14,856	$	10,454	Total	$	15,821	$	10,454

⁽¹⁾Allowance for losses reflects the adoption of ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses," ~~in first quarter~~effective January 1, 2020.

⁽²⁾Prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses," ~~in first quarter~~effective January 1, 2020, Farmer Mac maintained an allowance for loan losses to cover estimated probable incurred losses on loans held.

The following is a summary of the changes in the allowance for losses for the three and nine month period ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Table 5.3


		For the Three Months Ended							For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
		March 31, 2020⁽¹⁾		March 31, 2019⁽²⁾			September 30, 2020(1)		September 30, 2019(2)		September 30, 2020(1)		September 30, 2019(2)
		Allowance for Losses		Allowance for Losses			Allowance for Losses		Allowance for Losses		Allowance for Losses		Allowance for Losses
		(in thousands)							(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch:	Farm & Ranch:					Farm & Ranch:
Balance as of December 31,		$	10,454	$	7,017
Beginning Balance						Beginning Balance	$	6,039	$	7,264	$	10,454	$	7,017
Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	(3,909)		—		Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	0		0		(3,909)		0
Balance as of January 1,		6,545		7,017
Provision for/(release of) losses		$	808	$	(264)
Adjusted Beginning Balance						Adjusted Beginning Balance	6,039		7,264		6,545		7,017
(Release of)/provision for losses						(Release of)/provision for losses	(300)		760		(412)		1,074

Charge-offs	Charge-offs	—		—		Charge-offs	0		0		(394)		(67)
Ending Balance⁽³⁾	Ending Balance⁽³⁾	$	7,353	$	6,753	Ending Balance(3)	$	5,739	$	8,024	$	5,739	$	8,024

Rural Utilities:	Rural Utilities:					Rural Utilities:
Balance as of December 31,		$	—	$	—
Beginning Balance						Beginning Balance	$	8,900	$	0	$	0	$	0
Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	5,378		—		Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	0		0		5,378		0
Balance as of January 1,		5,378		—
Provision for/(release of) losses		$	2,125	$	—
Adjusted Beginning Balance						Adjusted Beginning Balance	8,900		0		5,378		0
Provision for losses						Provision for losses	1,182		0		4,704		0

Charge-offs	Charge-offs	—		—		Charge-offs	0		0		0		0
Ending Balance⁽⁴⁾	Ending Balance⁽⁴⁾	$	7,503	$	—	Ending Balance(4)	$	10,082	$	0	$	10,082	$	0

(1)Allowance for losses reflects the adoption of ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses," ~~in first quarter~~effective January 1, 2020.

⁽³⁾Allowance for losses includes ~~$2.2~~$1.8 million for collateral dependent assets secured by ~~commercial~~agricultural real estate.

⁽⁴⁾Allowance for losses includes 0 allowance for collateral dependent assets.

The cumulative transition adjustment decrease of $3.9 million in the Farm & Ranch portfolio was primarily driven by differences in the way that the two loss models measure the impact of low loan-to-value ratios in that portfolio. Under the previous accounting standard, ~~the Company's~~Farmer Mac's estimated incurred loss model was based on historical weighted-average loss rates from realized losses within commodities and risk ratings. The historical weighted average loss rates were then applied to sub-portfolios, as

disaggregated by commodity and risk rating, to calculate the general allowance. Under the CECL accounting standard, ~~the Company's~~Farmer Mac's current expected credit losses are calculated individually based on the expected probability of default and the expected loss-given-default for each loan. The low loan-to-value ratios in the Farm & Ranch portfolio result in low individual losses-given-default. Thus, our expected credit losses as of January 1, 2020 were less than our estimate of incurred losses as of December 31, 2019.

The cumulative transition adjustment increase of $5.4 million in the Rural Utilities portfolio was primarily driven by the change from measuring incurred probable credit losses to measuring expected credit losses over the expected lives of these loans. ~~The Company~~Farmer Mac has never experienced a credit loss in its Rural Utilities portfolio. Additionally, these loans have strong credit ratings and performance, which supported ~~the Company's~~Farmer Mac's estimate of no incurred credit losses under the previous accounting standard. Upon the adoption of CECL, ~~the Company~~Farmer Mac is now required to measure its expected credit losses for the entire expected life of all

financial instruments, including its Rural Utilities loans. To estimate expected credit losses on these loans, ~~the Company~~Farmer Mac relies upon industry data from ratings agencies and publicly available information as disclosed in the securities filings of other major lenders who serve the utilities industry. Under the CECL accounting standard, ~~the Company's~~Farmer Mac's loss allowance model for these loans is primarily impacted by the long-term maturities of the loans and their low probability of prepayment. In addition, the highly-specialized nature of power generation and transmission and other rural infrastructure facilities results in significant expected losses given default even though the probability of default is low. Thus, the long-term expected lives of these loans combined with high losses given default result in an estimate of expected losses although we have never incurred a credit loss in this portfolio.

The provision to the allowance for loan losses of $0.9 million recorded during ~~first~~third quarter 2020 was primarily due to the impact of ~~updated~~net new loan volume in the Rural Utilities portfolio and credit downgrades on existing volume during the quarter. The impact of the Rural Utilities portfolio on the net increase to the provision was partially offset by improving economic factors that uniquely impacted the Farm & Ranch portfolio, specifically continued improvements in commodity prices and continued expectations for stable farm land values.

The provision to the allowance for loan losses of $4.3 million recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to the impact of net new loan volume in the Rural Utilities portfolio and the impact of economic factor forecasts ~~particularly higher credit spreads and~~on the Rural Utilities portfolio, especially continued expected higher unemployment, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting economic volatility. ~~In addition, economic factor forecasts for lower commodity prices uniquely impacted the Farm & Ranch portfolio.~~

~~During first quarter 2019, the net release to~~The provision for the allowance for loan losses recorded during three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 was ~~primarily due~~attributable to a decrease in ~~Farm & Ranch outstanding business volume and lower specific allowance amounts on loans that Farmer Mac identified as impaired and individually evaluated. This was offset in part by a modest decline in~~the portfolio credit quality, primarily related to idiosyncratic factors of a few large loans and less related to systemic, macroeconomic factors. The $0.1 million charge-off that occurred during the ~~first quarter~~nine months ended September 30, 2019 related to the foreclosure of ~~2019. Farmer Mac recorded no charge-offs to its allowance for loan losses during first quarter 2019.~~one part-time farm loan.

The following table presents the unpaid principal balances by delinquency status of Farmer Mac's loans and non-performing assets as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020:

Table 5.4


		As of March 31, 2020																											As of September 30, 2020
		Accruing																							Accruing
		Current		30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days and Greater⁽¹⁾		Total Past Due		Nonaccrual loans⁽²⁾⁽³⁾		Total Loans			Current(5)		30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days and Greater(2)		Total Past Due		Nonaccrual loans(3)(4)		Total Loans
		(in thousands)																											(in thousands)
Loans:
Loans(1):																Loans(1):
Farm & Ranch	Farm & Ranch	$	5,206,313	$	4,821	$	3,024	$	22,152	$	29,997	$	122,072	$	5,358,382	Farm & Ranch	$	5,716,834	$	3,513	$	637	$	6,901	$	11,051	$	129,439	$	5,857,324
Rural Utilities	Rural Utilities	1,789,726		—		—		—		—		—		1,789,726		Rural Utilities	2,109,355		0		0		0		0		0		2,109,355
Total	Total	$	6,996,039	$	4,821	$	3,024	$	22,152	$	29,997	$	122,072	$	7,148,108	Total	$	7,826,189	$	3,513	$	637	$	6,901	$	11,051	$	129,439	$	7,966,679

⁽¹⁾Amounts represent unpaid principal balance of risk rated loans, which is the basis Farmer Mac uses to analyze its portfolio, and recorded investment of past due loans.

(2)Includes loans in consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties that are 90 days or more past due.

⁽²⁾(3)Includes loans that are 90 days or more past due, in foreclosure, or in bankruptcy with at least one missed payment, excluding loans performing under either their original loan terms or a court-approved bankruptcy plan.

(4)

⁽³⁾Includes ~~$24.0~~$24.8 million of nonaccrual loans for which there was no associated allowance. During the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac received ~~$1.0~~$1.2 million and $3.5 million, respectively, in interest on nonaccrual loans.

(5)Includes $105.3 million of unpaid principal balance related to Farm & Ranch loans that Farmer Mac has executed a COVID-19 payment deferment.

The following tables present the unpaid principal balances of loans held and the related total allowance for losses by impairment method and commodity type as of December 31, 2019:

Table 5.5


		As of December 31, 2019																											As of December 31, 2019
		Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total			Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total
		(in thousands)																											(in thousands)
Ending Balance:	Ending Balance:															Ending Balance:
Collectively evaluated for impairment	Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	2,664,362	$	1,161,900	$	871,341	$	356,920	$	10,360	$	4,597	$	5,069,480	Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	2,664,362	$	1,161,900	$	871,341	$	356,920	$	10,360	$	4,597	$	5,069,480
Individually evaluated for impairment	Individually evaluated for impairment	108,815		51,256		39,962		7,044		—		—		207,077		Individually evaluated for impairment	108,815		51,256		39,962		7,044		0		0		207,077
Total Farm & Ranch loans	Total Farm & Ranch loans	$	2,773,177	$	1,213,156	$	911,303	$	363,964	$	10,360	$	4,597	$	5,276,557	Total Farm & Ranch loans	$	2,773,177	$	1,213,156	$	911,303	$	363,964	$	10,360	$	4,597	$	5,276,557
Allowance for Losses:	Allowance for Losses:															Allowance for Losses:
Collectively evaluated for impairment	Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	1,880	$	1,362	$	714	$	249	$	47	$	4	$	4,256	Collectively evaluated for impairment	$	1,880	$	1,362	$	714	$	249	$	47	$	4	$	4,256
Individually evaluated for impairment	Individually evaluated for impairment	2,628		1,008		2,447		115		—		—		6,198		Individually evaluated for impairment	2,628		1,008		2,447		115		0		0		6,198
Total Farm & Ranch loans	Total Farm & Ranch loans	$	4,508	$	2,370	$	3,161	$	364	$	47	$	4	$	10,454	Total Farm & Ranch loans	$	4,508	$	2,370	$	3,161	$	364	$	47	$	4	$	10,454

3137

The following tables present by commodity type the unpaid principal balances, recorded investment, and specific allowance for losses related to impaired loans and the recorded investment in loans on nonaccrual status as of December 31, 2019:

Table 5.6


		As of December 31, 2019																											As of December 31, 2019
		Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total			Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total
		(in thousands)																											(in thousands)
Impaired Loans:	Impaired Loans:															Impaired Loans:
With no specific allowance:	With no specific allowance:															With no specific allowance:
Recorded investment	Recorded investment	$	30,846	$	16,696	$	3,195	$	1,398	$	—	$	56	$	52,191	Recorded investment	$	30,846	$	16,696	$	3,195	$	1,398	$	0	$	56	$	52,191
Unpaid principal balance	Unpaid principal balance	30,741		16,638		3,185		1,394		—		56		52,014		Unpaid principal balance	30,741		16,638		3,185		1,394		0		56		52,014
With a specific allowance:	With a specific allowance:															With a specific allowance:
Recorded investment⁽¹⁾	Recorded investment⁽¹⁾	84,044		36,852		47,113		6,376		—		—		174,385		Recorded investment(1)	84,044		36,852		47,113		6,376		0		0		174,385
Unpaid principal balance	Unpaid principal balance	83,772		36,732		46,984		6,356		—		—		173,844		Unpaid principal balance	83,772		36,732		46,984		6,356		0		0		173,844
Associated allowance	Associated allowance	2,725		1,051		2,636		129		—		—		6,541		Associated allowance	2,725		1,051		2,636		129		0		0		6,541
Total:	Total:															Total:
Recorded investment	Recorded investment	114,890		53,548		50,308		7,774		—		56		226,576		Recorded investment	114,890		53,548		50,308		7,774		0		56		226,576
Unpaid principal balance	Unpaid principal balance	114,513		53,370		50,169		7,750		—		56		225,858		Unpaid principal balance	114,513		53,370		50,169		7,750		0		56		225,858
Associated allowance	Associated allowance	2,725		1,051		2,636		129		—		—		6,541		Associated allowance	2,725		1,051		2,636		129		0		0		6,541

Recorded investment of loans on nonaccrual status⁽²⁾	Recorded investment of loans on nonaccrual status⁽²⁾	$	34,037	$	22,849	$	28,441	$	2,454	$	—	$	—	$	87,781	Recorded investment of loans on nonaccrual status(2)	$	34,037	$	22,849	$	28,441	$	2,454	$	0	$	0	$	87,781

⁽¹⁾Impairment analysis was performed in the aggregate in consideration of similar risk characteristics of the assets and historical statistics on $159.1 million (70%) of impaired loans as of December 31, 2019, which resulted in a specific allowance of $3.0 million.

⁽²⁾Includes $30.1 million of loans that are less than 90 days delinquent but which have not met Farmer Mac's performance criteria for returning to accrual status.

The following table presents by commodity type the average recorded investment and interest income recognized on impaired loans for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2019:

Table 5.7


		March 31, 2019																											September 30, 2019
		Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total			Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total
		(in thousands)																											(in thousands)
For the Three Months Ended:	For the Three Months Ended:															For the Three Months Ended:
Average recorded investment in impaired loans	Average recorded investment in impaired loans	$	88,653	$	40,495	$	28,123	$	7,730	$	—	$	65	$	165,066	Average recorded investment in impaired loans	$	106,535	$	45,197	$	36,859	$	8,265	$	0	$	58	$	196,914
Income recognized on impaired loans	Income recognized on impaired loans	322		299		113		67		—		—		801		Income recognized on impaired loans	178		166		87		105		0		0		536

For the Nine Months Ended:																For the Nine Months Ended:
Average recorded investment in impaired loans																Average recorded investment in impaired loans	$	93,088	$	41,524	$	31,189	$	8,079	$	0	$	63	$	173,943
Income recognized on impaired loans																Income recognized on impaired loans	879		586		504		227		0		0		2,196

Net credit losses and 90-day delinquencies as of and for the periods indicated for loans held are presented in the table below. As of December 31, 2019, there were no delinquencies and no probable losses inherent in Farmer Mac's Rural Utilities loan portfolio and Farmer Mac had not experienced credit losses on any Rural Utilities loans.

3238

Table 5.8

~~90-Day Delinquencies~~⁽¹⁾

~~Net Credit Losses/(Recoveries)~~

~~As of~~

~~For the Three Months Ended~~

~~December 31, 2019~~

~~March 31, 2019~~

~~(in thousands)~~

~~Farm & Ranch loans~~

~~57,719~~

—


	90-Day Delinquencies(1)		Net Credit Losses
	As of		For the Nine Months Ended
	December 31, 2019		September 30, 2019
	(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch loans	$	57,719	$	131

⁽¹⁾Includes loans that are 90 days or more past due, in foreclosure, or in bankruptcy with at least one missed payment, excluding loans performing under either their original loan terms or a court-approved bankruptcy plan.

Of the $57.7 million of on-balance sheet loans reported as 90-day delinquencies as of December 31, 2019, 0 loans were subject to "removal-of-account" provisions.

Rural Utilities

As of December 31, 2019, no allowance for losses had been provided for Farmer Mac's Rural Utilities line of business based on the performance of the loans in this line of business and the credit quality of the collateral supporting these loans, as well as Farmer Mac's counterparty risk analysis. As of December 31, 2019, there were no delinquencies or probable losses inherent in Farmer Mac's Rural Utilities loans held or underlying LTSPCs.

Credit Quality Indicators

The following tables present credit quality indicators related to Farm & Ranch loans and Rural Utilities loans held as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, by year of origination:

Table 5.9


		As of March 31, 2020																															As of September 30, 2020
		Year of Origination:																											Year of Origination:
		2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis		Total			2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis		Total
		(in thousands)																															(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch:
Farm & Ranch(1):																		Farm & Ranch(1):
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:	Internally Assigned Risk Rating:																	Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable	Acceptable	$	286,971	$	819,220	$	588,761	$	688,649	$	555,678	$	1,452,711	$	468,114	$	4,860,104	Acceptable	$	1,423,112	$	765,367	$	507,218	$	557,095	$	499,642	$	1,157,633	$	472,209	$	5,382,276
Special mention⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	Special mention⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	9,916		159,523		36,786		20,937		32,227		18,283		9,230		286,902		Special mention⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	39,607		124,068		27,757		4,633		10,897		22,236		50,395		279,593
Substandard⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	Substandard⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	—		4,431		16,938		58,407		41,973		78,189		11,438		211,376		Substandard⁽²⁾⁽³⁾	7,556		5,926		19,682		57,541		36,490		59,330		8,930		195,455
Total	Total	$	296,887	$	983,174	$	642,485	$	767,993	$	629,878	$	1,549,183	$	488,782	$	5,358,382	Total	$	1,470,275	$	895,361	$	554,657	$	619,269	$	547,029	$	1,239,199	$	531,534	$	5,857,324

For the Three Months Ended:																		For the Three Months Ended:
Current period charge-offs	Current period charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	Current period charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0
Current period recoveries	Current period recoveries	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		Current period recoveries	0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0
Current period Farm & Ranch net charge-offs	Current period Farm & Ranch net charge-offs	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	Current period Farm & Ranch net charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0

For the Nine Months Ended:																		For the Nine Months Ended:
Current period charge-offs																		Current period charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	394	$	0	$	394
Current period recoveries																		Current period recoveries	0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0
Current period Farm & Ranch net charge-offs																		Current period Farm & Ranch net charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	394	$	0	$	394

⁽¹⁾Amounts represent unpaid principal balance of risk-rated loans, which is the basis Farmer Mac uses to analyze its portfolio, and recorded investment of past due loans.

(2)Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.

⁽²⁾(3)Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.

3340

As of March 31, 2020
Year of Origination:
2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis Total
(in thousands)
Rural Utilities:
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable $ 152,385 $ 836,763 $ 8,337 $ 92,568 $ 31,829 $ 662,830 $ — $ 1,784,712
Special mention⁽¹⁾
— — — — — — — —
Substandard⁽²⁾
— — — — — 5,014 — 5,014
Total $ 152,385 $ 836,763 $ 8,337 $ 92,568 $ 31,829 $ 667,844 $ — $ 1,789,726
Current period charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ —
Current period recoveries — — — — — — — —
Current period Rural Utilities net charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ —


	As of September 30, 2020
	Year of Origination:
	2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in thousands)
Rural Utilities(1):
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable	$	502,873	$	819,099	$	8,260	$	92,223	$	31,275	$	638,281	$	12,870	$	2,104,881
Special mention(2)	0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0
Substandard(3)	0		0		0		0		0		4,474		0		4,474
Total	$	502,873	$	819,099	$	8,260	$	92,223	$	31,275	$	642,755	$	12,870	$	2,109,355

For the Three Months Ended:
Current period charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0
Current period recoveries	0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0
Current period Rural Utilities net charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0

For the Nine Months Ended:
Current period charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0
Current period recoveries	0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0
Current period Rural Utilities net charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0

(1)Amounts represent unpaid principal balance of risk-rated loans, which is the basis Farmer Mac uses to analyze its portfolio, and recorded investment of past due loans.

(2)Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.

⁽²⁾(3)Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.

The following table presents credit quality indicators related to Farm & Ranch loans held as of December 31, 2019:

Table 5.10


		As of December 31, 2019																											As of December 31, 2019
		Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total			Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total
		(in thousands)																											(in thousands)
Internally Assigned Risk Rating⁽¹⁾	Internally Assigned Risk Rating⁽¹⁾															Internally Assigned Risk Rating(1)
Acceptable	Acceptable	$	2,556,956	$	1,050,160	$	825,234	$	343,329	$	10,360	$	4,597	$	4,790,636	Acceptable	$	2,556,956	$	1,050,160	$	825,234	$	343,329	$	10,360	$	4,597	$	4,790,636
Special mention⁽²⁾	Special mention⁽²⁾	107,406		111,739		46,107		13,591		—		—		278,843		Special mention(2)	107,406		111,739		46,107		13,591		0		0		278,843
Substandard⁽³⁾	Substandard⁽³⁾	108,815		51,257		39,962		7,044		—		—		207,078		Substandard(3)	108,815		51,257		39,962		7,044		0		0		207,078
Total	Total	$	2,773,177	$	1,213,156	$	911,303	$	363,964	$	10,360	$	4,597	$	5,276,557	Total	$	2,773,177	$	1,213,156	$	911,303	$	363,964	$	10,360	$	4,597	$	5,276,557

Commodity analysis of past due loans⁽¹⁾	Commodity analysis of past due loans⁽¹⁾	$	21,167	$	15,828	$	19,354	$	1,370	$	—	$	—	$	57,719	Commodity analysis of past due loans(1)	$	21,167	$	15,828	$	19,354	$	1,370	$	0	$	0	$	57,719

⁽¹⁾Amounts represent unpaid principal balance of risk-rated loans, which is the basis Farmer Mac uses to analyze its portfolio, and recorded investment of past due loans.

⁽²⁾Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.

⁽³⁾Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.

6.GUARANTEES

The following table presents the maximum principal amount of potential undiscounted future payments that Farmer Mac could be required to make under all off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, not including offsets provided by any recourse provisions, recoveries from third parties, or collateral for the underlying loans:

Table 6.1


Outstanding Balance of Off-Balance Sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	Outstanding Balance of Off-Balance Sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities									Outstanding Balance of Off-Balance Sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities
		As of March 31, 2020		As of December 31, 2019			As of September 30, 2020		As of December 31, 2019
		(in thousands)							(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch:	Farm & Ranch:					Farm & Ranch:
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	$	97,302	$	107,322	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	$	85,767	$	107,322
USDA Guarantees:	USDA Guarantees:					USDA Guarantees:
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	370,903		389,216		Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	310,682		389,216
Institutional Credit:	Institutional Credit:					Institutional Credit:
AgVantage Securities	AgVantage Securities	7,567		7,567		AgVantage Securities	6,068		7,567
Total off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	Total off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	$	475,772	$	504,105	Total off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	$	402,517	$	504,105

Eligible loans and other eligible assets may be placed into trusts that are used as vehicles for the securitization of the transferred assets and the Farmer Mac-guaranteed beneficial interests in the trusts are sold to investors. The following table summarizes the significant cash flows received from and paid to trusts used for Farmer Mac securitizations:

Table 6.2


		For the Three Months Ended							For the Nine Months Ended
		March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019			September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
		(in thousands)							(in thousands)
Proceeds from new securitizations	Proceeds from new securitizations	$	28,050	$	116,708	Proceeds from new securitizations	$	64,612	$	199,396
Guarantee fees received	Guarantee fees received	466		442		Guarantee fees received	1,136		1,122

Farmer Mac presents a liability for its obligation to stand ready under its guarantee in "Guarantee and commitment obligation" on the consolidated balance sheets. The following table presents the liability and the weighted-average remaining maturity of all loans underlying off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:

Table 6.3

As of March 31, 2020

As of December 31, 2019

As of September 30, 2020

As of December 31, 2019

(dollars in thousands)

Guarantee and commitment obligation

2,080

2,230

Guarantee and commitment obligation

1,780

2,230

Weighted average remaining maturity:

Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities

9.7 years

9.8 years

Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities

9.5 years

9.8 years

AgVantage Securities

4.7 years

5.0 years

AgVantage Securities

4.2 years

5.0 years

3542

Long-Term Standby Purchase Commitments

Farmer Mac has recorded a liability for its obligation to stand ready under the guarantee in the guarantee and commitment obligation on the consolidated balance sheets. The following table presents the liability, the maximum principal amount of potential undiscounted future payments that Farmer Mac could be requested to make under all LTSPCs, not including offsets provided by any recourse provisions, recoveries from third parties, or collateral for the underlying loans, as well as the weighted-average remaining maturity of all loans underlying LTSPCs:

Table 6.4

As of March 31, 2020

As of December 31, 2019

As of September 30, 2020

As of December 31, 2019

(dollars in thousands)

Guarantee and commitment obligation⁽¹⁾

33,859

34,470

Guarantee and commitment obligation(1)

33,360

34,470

Maximum principal amount

2,951,595

3,002,349

Maximum principal amount

2,882,212

3,002,349

Weighted-average remaining maturity

15.2 years

Weighted-average remaining maturity

15.1 years

15.2 years

⁽¹⁾Relates to LTSPCs issued or modified on or after January 1, 2003.

Reserve for Losses

The following table is a summary, by asset type, of the reserve for losses as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Table 6.5


		March 31, 2020⁽¹⁾		December 31, 2019⁽²⁾			September 30, 2020(1)		December 31, 2019(2)
		Reserve for Losses		Reserve for Losses			Reserve for Losses		Reserve for Losses
		(in thousands)							(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch:	Farm & Ranch:					Farm & Ranch:
LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	$	2,020	$	2,164	LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	$	2,278	$	2,164
Rural Utilities	Rural Utilities					Rural Utilities
LTSPCs	LTSPCs	1,400		—		LTSPCs	1,290		0
Total	Total	$	3,420	$	2,164	Total	$	3,568	$	2,164

⁽¹⁾Reserve for losses reflects the adoption of ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses," in first quarter 2020.

⁽²⁾Prior to the adoption of ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses," in first quarter 2020, Farmer Mac maintained a reserve for losses to cover estimated probable incurred losses on loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities.

The following is a summary of the changes in the reserve for losses for the three and nine month period ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Table 6.6


		For the Three Months Ended							For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
		March 31, 2020⁽¹⁾		March 31, 2019⁽²⁾			September 30, 2020(1)		September 30, 2019(2)		September 30, 2020(1)		September 30, 2019(2)
		Reserve for Losses		Reserve for Losses			Reserve for Losses		Reserve for Losses		Reserve for Losses		Reserve for Losses
		(in thousands)							(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch:	Farm & Ranch:					Farm & Ranch:
Balance as of December 31,		$	2,164	$	2,167
Beginning Balance						Beginning Balance	$	1,650	$	1,880	$	2,164	$	2,167
Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	(148)		—		Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	0		0		(148)		0
Balance as of January 1,		2,016		2,167
Adjusted Beginning Balance						Adjusted Beginning Balance	1,650		1,880		2,016		2,167
Provision for/(release of) losses	Provision for/(release of) losses	$	4	$	(129)	Provision for/(release of) losses	$	628	$	(137)	$	262	$	(424)

Charge-offs		—		—

Ending Balance	Ending Balance	$	2,020	$	2,038	Ending Balance	$	2,278	$	1,743	$	2,278	$	1,743

Rural Utilities:	Rural Utilities:					Rural Utilities:
Balance as of December 31,		$	—	$	—
Beginning Balance						Beginning Balance	$	1,370	$	0	$	0	$	0
Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	1,011		—		Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	0		0		1,011		0
Balance as of January 1,		1,011		—
Provision for/(release of) losses		$	389	$	—
Adjusted Beginning Balance						Adjusted Beginning Balance	1,370		0		1,011		0
(Release of)/provision for losses						(Release of)/provision for losses	$	(80)	$	0	$	279	$	0

Charge-offs		—		—

Ending Balance	Ending Balance	$	1,400	$	—	Ending Balance	$	1,290	$	0	$	1,290	$	0

⁽¹⁾Reserve for losses reflects the adoption of ASU 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses," in first quarter 2020.

The provision to the reserve for losses recorded during ~~first quarter~~the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 was primarily due to credit downgrades in the ~~impact of updated economic factor forecasts, particularly higher credit spreads and expected higher unemployment, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting economic volatility.~~LTSPC portfolio.

3744

The release from the reserve for losses recorded during third quarter 2019 was primarily attributable to a net volume decrease in off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch LTSPCs and slight improvements in off-balance sheet portfolio credit quality.

The following table presents the unpaid principal balances by delinquency status of Farm & Ranch loans underlying LTSPCs. Farm & Ranch Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, Rural Utilities loans underlying LTSPCs, and non-performing assets as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020:

Table 6.7


		As of March 31, 2020																							As of September 30, 2020
		Current		30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days and Greater⁽¹⁾		Total Past Due		Total Loans			Current(2)		30-59 Days		60-89 Days		90 Days and Greater(1)		Total Past Due		Total Loans
		(in thousands)																							(in thousands)
Farm and Ranch:	Farm and Ranch:													Farm and Ranch:
LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	$	2,434,531	$	6,183	$	7,893	$	4,605	$	18,681	$	2,453,212	LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	$	2,352,454	$	2,934	$	22,690	$	13,947	$	39,571	$	2,392,025
Rural Utilities:	Rural Utilities:													Rural Utilities:
LTSPCs	LTSPCs	$	595,685	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	595,685	LTSPCs	$	575,954	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	575,954

⁽¹⁾Includes loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs that are 90 days of more past due, in foreclosure, or in bankruptcy with at least one missed payment, excluding loans performing under either their original loan terms or a court-approved bankruptcy plan.

(2)Includes $185.4 million of unpaid principal balance related to Farm & Ranch LTSPCs for which the lender has notified Farmer Mac of an executed COVID-19 payment deferment.

The following tables present the unpaid principal balances of Farm & Ranch loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities (excluding AgVantage securities) and the related reserve for losses by impairment method and commodity type as of December 31, 2019:

Table 6.8


		As of December 31, 2019																											As of December 31, 2019
		Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total			Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total
		(in thousands)																											(in thousands)
Ending Balance:	Ending Balance:															Ending Balance:
Collectively evaluated for impairment:	Collectively evaluated for impairment:	$	1,151,983	$	511,991	$	581,377	$	167,395	$	66,106	$	2,760	$	2,481,612	Collectively evaluated for impairment:	$	1,151,983	$	511,991	$	581,377	$	167,395	$	66,106	$	2,760	$	2,481,612
Individually evaluated for impairment:	Individually evaluated for impairment:	5,698		2,114		10,207		706		—		56		18,781		Individually evaluated for impairment:	5,698		2,114		10,207		706		0		56		18,781
Total Farm & Ranch	Total Farm & Ranch	$	1,157,681	$	514,105	$	591,584	$	168,101	$	66,106	$	2,816	$	2,500,393	Total Farm & Ranch	$	1,157,681	$	514,105	$	591,584	$	168,101	$	66,106	$	2,816	$	2,500,393
Allowance for Losses:	Allowance for Losses:															Allowance for Losses:
Collectively evaluated for impairment:	Collectively evaluated for impairment:	$	599	$	96	$	308	$	50	$	767	$	1	$	1,821	Collectively evaluated for impairment:	$	599	$	96	$	308	$	50	$	767	$	1	$	1,821
Individually evaluated for impairment:	Individually evaluated for impairment:	97		43		189		14		—		—		343		Individually evaluated for impairment:	97		43		189		14		0		0		343
Total Farm & Ranch	Total Farm & Ranch	$	696	$	139	$	497	$	64	$	767	$	1	$	2,164	Total Farm & Ranch	$	696	$	139	$	497	$	64	$	767	$	1	$	2,164

3845

Net credit losses and 90-day delinquencies as of and for the periods indicated for loans underlying off-balance sheet securities representing interests in pools of eligible Farm & Ranch LTSPCs are presented in the table below. As of December 31, 2019, there were no delinquencies and no probable losses inherent in Farmer Mac's Rural Utilities LTSPCs portfolio and Farmer Mac had not experienced credit losses on any Rural Utilities LTSPCs.

Table 6.9

~~90-Day Delinquencies~~⁽¹⁾

~~Net Credit Losses/(Recoveries)~~

~~As of~~

~~For the Three Months Ended~~

~~December 31, 2019~~

~~March 31, 2019~~

~~(in thousands)~~

~~Farm & Ranch LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities~~

~~3,235~~

—


	90-Day Delinquencies(1)		Net Credit Losses/(Recoveries)
	As of		For the Nine Months Ended
	December 31, 2019		September 30, 2019
	(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	$	3,235	$	0

⁽¹⁾Includes loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs that are 90 days or more past due, in foreclosure, or in bankruptcy with at least one missed payment, excluding loans performing under either their original loan terms or a court-approved bankruptcy plan.

Credit Quality Indicators

The following tables present credit quality indicators related to Farm & Ranch loans underlying LTSPCs, Farm & Ranch Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and Rural Utilities loans underlying LTSPCs as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, by year of origination:

Table 6.10


	As of September 30, 2020
	Year of Origination:
	2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable	$	118,116	$	207,202	$	184,421	$	245,490	$	216,983	$	1,021,400	$	173,617	$	2,167,229
Special mention(1)	0		1,742		1,509		23,200		14,628		47,948		10,040		99,067
Substandard(2)	264		10,821		12,676		15,614		14,401		67,338		4,615		125,729
Total	$	118,380	$	219,765	$	198,606	$	284,304	$	246,012	$	1,136,686	$	188,272	$	2,392,025

For the Three Months Ended:
Current period charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0
Current period recoveries	0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0
Current period Farm & Ranch net charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0

For the Nine Months Ended:
Current period charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0
Current period recoveries	0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0
Current period Farm & Ranch net charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0

As of March 31, 2020
Year of Origination:
2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis Total
(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable $ 31,243 $ 219,342 $ 183,228 $ 249,022 $ 225,466 $ 1,132,870 $ 173,082 $ 2,214,253
Special mention⁽¹⁾
— 3,600 7,843 29,982 17,482 68,709 10,379 137,995
Substandard⁽²⁾
— — 3,393 16,435 16,282 60,133 4,721 100,964
Total $ 31,243 $ 222,942 $ 194,464 $ 295,439 $ 259,230 $ 1,261,712 $ 188,182 $ 2,453,212
Current period charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ —
Current period recoveries — — — — — — — —
Current period Farm & Ranch net charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ —

⁽¹⁾Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.

⁴⁶

(2)Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.


	As of September 30, 2020
	Year of Origination:
	2020		2019		2018		2017		2016		Prior		Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis		Total
	(in thousands)
Rural Utilities LTSPCs:
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	569,324	$	6,630	$	575,954
Special mention(1)	0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0
Substandard(2)	0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0
Total	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	569,324	$	6,630	$	575,954

For the Three Months Ended
Current period charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0
Current period recoveries	0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0
Current period Rural Utilities net charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	—	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0

For the Nine Months Ended:
Current period charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0
Current period recoveries	0		0		0		0		0		0		0		0
Current period Rural Utilities net charge-offs	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0

(1)

As of March 31, 2020
Year of Origination:
2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Prior Revolving Loans - Amortized Cost Basis Total
(in thousands)
Rural Utilities LTSPCs:
Internally Assigned Risk Rating:
Acceptable $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 595,685 $ — $ 595,685
Special mention⁽¹⁾
— — — — — — — —
Substandard⁽²⁾
— — — — — — — —
Total $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 595,685 $ — $ 595,685
Current period charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ —
Current period recoveries — — — — — — — —
Current period Rural Utilities net charge-offs $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ — $ —

⁽¹⁾Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.

⁽²⁾Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.

The following table presents credit quality indicators related to Farm & Ranch loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities as of December 31, 2019:

Table 6.11


		As of December 31, 2019																											As of December 31, 2019
		Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total			Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Other		Total
		(in thousands)																											(in thousands)
Internally Assigned Risk Rating⁽¹⁾	Internally Assigned Risk Rating⁽¹⁾															Internally Assigned Risk Rating(1)
Acceptable	Acceptable	$	1,033,002	$	484,601	$	521,341	$	161,361	$	66,106	$	2,594	$	2,269,005	Acceptable	$	1,033,002	$	484,601	$	521,341	$	161,361	$	66,106	$	2,594	$	2,269,005
Special mention⁽²⁾	Special mention⁽²⁾	68,372		22,909		35,618		1,612		—		—		128,511		Special mention(2)	68,372		22,909		35,618		1,612		0		0		128,511
Substandard⁽³⁾	Substandard⁽³⁾	56,307		6,595		34,625		5,128		—		222		102,877		Substandard(3)	56,307		6,595		34,625		5,128		0		222		102,877
Total	Total	$	1,157,681	$	514,105	$	591,584	$	168,101	$	66,106	$	2,816	$	2,500,393	Total	$	1,157,681	$	514,105	$	591,584	$	168,101	$	66,106	$	2,816	$	2,500,393

Commodity analysis of past due loans⁽¹⁾	Commodity analysis of past due loans⁽¹⁾	$	1,493	$	196	$	1,066	$	480	$	—	$	—	$	3,235	Commodity analysis of past due loans(1)	$	1,493	$	196	$	1,066	$	480	$	0	$	0	$	3,235

⁽¹⁾Amounts represent unpaid principal balance of risk-rated loans, which is the basis Farmer Mac uses to analyze its portfolio, and recorded investment of past due loans.

⁽²⁾Assets in the "Special mention" category generally have potential weaknesses due to performance issues but are currently considered to be adequately secured.

⁽³⁾Substandard assets have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected.

7.NOTES PAYABLE

Farmer Mac's borrowings consist of discount notes and medium-term notes, both of which are unsecured general obligations of Farmer Mac. Discount notes generally have original maturities of 1.0 year or less, whereas medium-term notes generally have maturities of 0.5 years to 15.0 years.

The following tables set forth information related to Farmer Mac's borrowings as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Table 7.1


		March 31, 2020															September 30, 2020
		Outstanding as of March 31						Average Outstanding During the Quarter							Outstanding as of September 30				Average Outstanding During the First Nine Months
		Amount		Weighted- Average Rate		Amount		Weighted- Average Rate			Amount		Weighted- Average Rate		Amount		Weighted- Average Rate
		(dollars in thousands)															(dollars in thousands)
Due within one year:	Due within one year:									Due within one year:
Discount notes	Discount notes	$	2,598,091	0.82	%	$	2,043,407	1.52	%	Discount notes	$	2,358,943	0.21	%	$	2,313,477	0.79	%
Medium-term notes	Medium-term notes	1,203,723		1.18	%	971,050		1.79	%	Medium-term notes	2,065,148		0.27	%	1,312,909		0.81	%
Current portion of medium-term notes	Current portion of medium-term notes	7,346,370		1.39	%					Current portion of medium-term notes	6,510,992		0.90	%
Total due within one year	Total due within one year	$	11,148,184	1.24	%					Total due within one year	$	10,935,083	0.63	%
Due after one year:	Due after one year:									Due after one year:
Medium-term notes due in:	Medium-term notes due in:									Medium-term notes due in:
Two years	Two years	$	3,381,965	1.64	%					Two years	$	3,277,494	0.96	%
Three years	Three years	1,588,751		1.90	%					Three years	2,326,812		1.44	%
Four years	Four years	1,311,362		2.13	%					Four years	1,056,062		1.73	%
Five years	Five years	1,027,532		1.95	%					Five years	1,242,150		1.35	%
Thereafter	Thereafter	2,207,226		2.57	%					Thereafter	2,751,684		2.07	%
Total due after one year	Total due after one year	9,516,836		2.00	%					Total due after one year	10,654,202		1.47	%
Total	Total	$	20,665,020	1.59	%					Total	$	21,589,285	1.05	%


	December 31, 2019
	Outstanding as of December 31				Average Outstanding During the Year
	Amount		Weighted- Average Rate		Amount		Weighted- Average Rate
	(dollars in thousands)
Due within one year:
Discount notes	$	2,194,177	1.72	%	$	1,977,214	2.25	%
Medium-term notes	1,152,770		1.98	%	1,780,517		2.33	%
Current portion of medium-term notes	6,672,135		1.85	%
Total due within one year	$	10,019,082	1.84	%
Due after one year:
Medium-term notes due in:
Two years	$	3,700,835	2.04	%
Three years	1,594,709		2.15	%
Four years	1,205,276		2.27	%
Five years	760,887		2.25	%
Thereafter	1,817,859		2.89	%
Total due after one year	9,079,566		2.28	%
Total	$	19,098,648	2.05	%

During the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, ~~the Company~~Farmer Mac increased its use of short-term funding in order to fund the growth of short-term assets in its liquidity portfolio. The maximum amount of Farmer Mac's discount notes outstanding at any month end during the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019 was $2.6 billion and ~~$1.9~~$2.2 billion, respectively.

Callable medium-term notes give Farmer Mac the option to redeem the debt at par value on a specified call date or at any time on or after a specified call date. The following table summarizes by maturity date the amounts and costs for Farmer Mac debt callable in 2020 as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020:

Table 7.2


Debt Callable in 2020 as of March 31, 2020, by Maturity
Debt Callable in 2020 as of September 30, 2020, by Maturity						Debt Callable in 2020 as of September 30, 2020, by Maturity
		Amount		Weighted-Average Rate			Amount		Weighted-Average Rate
		(dollars in thousands)							(dollars in thousands)
Maturity:	Maturity:					Maturity:
2021	2021	$	731,715	1.56	%	2021	$	215,949	0.17	%
2022	2022	209,852		1.80	%	2022	122,918		0.59	%
2023	2023	49,959		1.34	%	2023	127,863		0.47	%
2024	2024	206,716		2.12	%	2024	59,941		1.33	%
Thereafter	Thereafter	397,740		2.59	%	Thereafter	374,144		1.84	%
Total	Total	$	1,595,982	1.91	%	Total	$	900,815	1.04	%

The following schedule summarizes the earliest interest rate reset date, or debt maturities, of total borrowings outstanding as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, including callable and non-callable medium-term notes, assuming callable notes are redeemed at the initial call date:

Table 7.3


		Earliest Interest Rate Reset Date, or Debt Maturities, of Borrowings Outstanding							Earliest Interest Rate Reset Date, or Debt Maturities, of Borrowings Outstanding
		Amount		Weighted-Average Rate			Amount		Weighted-Average Rate
		(dollars in thousands)							(dollars in thousands)
Debt with interest rate resets, or debt maturities in:	Debt with interest rate resets, or debt maturities in:					Debt with interest rate resets, or debt maturities in:
2020	2020	$	11,565,193	1.13	%	2020	$	10,523,446	0.31	%
2021	2021	3,038,940		1.97	%	2021	3,219,231		1.55	%
2022	2022	1,483,282		2.02	%	2022	1,787,566		1.59	%
2023	2023	1,489,184		2.10	%	2023	2,026,445		1.62	%
2024	2024	945,152		2.04	%	2024	919,753		1.77	%
Thereafter	Thereafter	2,143,269		2.67	%	Thereafter	3,112,844		2.09	%
Total	Total	$	20,665,020	1.59	%	Total	$	21,589,285	1.05	%

During the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019, Farmer Mac called ~~$762.4 million~~$2.7 billion and ~~$47.1 million~~$0.7 billion of callable medium-term notes, respectively. The decrease in market interest rates throughout 2019 and continuing into the first ~~quarter~~half of 2020 led to an increase in called medium-term notes compared to the prior year.

Authority to Borrow from the U.S. Treasury

Farmer Mac's statutory charter authorizes it, upon satisfying certain conditions, to borrow up to $1.5 billion from the U.S. Treasury through the issuance of debt obligations to the U.S. Treasury. Any funds borrowed from the U.S. Treasury may be used solely for the purpose of fulfilling Farmer Mac's guarantee obligations. Any debt obligations issued by Farmer Mac under this authority would bear interest at a rate determined by the U.S. Treasury, taking into consideration the average rate on outstanding marketable obligations of the United States as of the last day of the last calendar month ending before the date of the purchase of the obligations from Farmer

Mac. The charter requires Farmer Mac to repurchase any of its debt obligations held by the U.S. Treasury within a reasonable time. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac had not used this borrowing ~~authority and does not expect to use this borrowing authority in the future.~~authority.

Gains on Repurchase of Outstanding Debt

NaN outstanding debt repurchases were made in the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 or 2019.

8.EQUITY

Preferred Stock

On August 20, 2020, Farmer Mac issued 4.8 million shares of 5.250% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series F ("Series F Preferred Stock"), which has a par value and liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, or $120.0 million aggregate outstanding. Farmer Mac incurred direct costs of $3.8 million related to the issuance of the Series F Preferred Stock. The dividend rate on the Series F Preferred Stock will remain at a non-cumulative, fixed rate of 5.250% per year, when, as, and if a dividend is declared by the Board of Directors of Farmer Mac, for so long as the Series F Preferred Stock remains outstanding. The Series F Preferred Stock has no maturity date, but Farmer Mac has the option to redeem the Series F Preferred Stock at any time on any dividend payment date on and after October 17, 2025.

On September 19, 2020, Farmer Mac used part of the net proceeds from the sale of the Series F Preferred Stock to redeem and repurchase all $60.0 million aggregate outstanding of Farmer Mac's 5.875% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A ("Series A Preferred Stock"), plus any declared and unpaid dividends through and including the redemption date. As a result of the retirement of the Series A Preferred Stock, Farmer Mac recognized $1.7 million of deferred issuance costs, which is presented as "Loss on retirement of preferred stock" on the consolidated statements of operations.

In May 2020, Farmer Mac issued 3.18 million shares of 5.750% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series E ("Series E Preferred Stock"), which has a par value and liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, or $79.5 million aggregate outstanding. Farmer Mac incurred direct costs of $2.5 million related to the issuance of the Series E Preferred Stock. The dividend rate on the Series E Preferred Stock will remain at a non-cumulative, fixed rate of 5.750% per year, when, as, and if a dividend is declared by the Board of Directors of Farmer Mac, for so long as the Series E Preferred Stock remains outstanding. The Series E Preferred Stock has no maturity date, but Farmer Mac has the option to redeem the preferred stock at any time on any dividend payment date on and after July 17, 2025.

Common Stock

During each of the first, ~~quarter~~second, and third quarters in 2020, Farmer Mac paid a quarterly dividend of $0.80 per share on all classes of its common stock. For each quarter in 2019, Farmer Mac paid a quarterly dividend of $0.70 per share on all classes of its common stock.

Farmer Mac's board of directors approved a share repurchase program during third quarter 2015 authorizing Farmer Mac to repurchase up to $25.0 million of its outstanding Class C non-voting common stock. The share repurchase program, last modified on March 14, 2019, authorized Farmer Mac to repurchase up to $10.0 million of Farmer Mac's outstanding Class C non-voting common stock. During first quarter 2020, Farmer Mac repurchased approximately 4,000 shares of Class C non-voting common stock at a cost of approximately $0.2 million. Shortly after these repurchases were completed, Farmer Mac indefinitely suspended its share repurchase program in an effort to preserve capital and liquidity in view of market volatility and uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac had repurchased approximately 673,000 shares of Class C non-voting common stock at a cost of approximately $19.8 million under the share repurchase program since 2015. The program expires at the end of March 2021.

Capital Requirements

Farmer Mac is required to comply with the higher of the minimum capital requirement and the risk-based capital requirement. As of both ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the minimum capital requirement was greater than the risk-based capital requirement. Farmer Mac's ability to declare and pay dividends could be restricted if it fails to comply with applicable capital requirements.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac's minimum capital requirement was ~~$649.3~~$670.0 million and its core capital level was ~~$815.1~~$984.2 million, which was ~~$165.8~~$314.2 million above the minimum capital requirement as of that date. As of December 31, 2019, Farmer Mac's minimum capital requirement was $618.8 million and its core capital level was $815.4 million, which was $196.6 million above the minimum capital requirement as of that date.

In accordance with the Farm Credit Administration's rule on Farmer Mac's capital planning, and as part of Farmer Mac's capital plan, Farmer Mac has adopted a policy for maintaining a sufficient level of Tier 1 capital (consisting of retained earnings, paid-in-capital, common stock, and qualifying preferred stock) and imposing restrictions on Tier 1-eligible dividends and any discretionary bonus payments in the event that this capital falls below specified thresholds.

9.FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES

Fair Value Classification and Transfers

The following tables present information about Farmer Mac's assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques used by Farmer Mac to determine such fair value:

Table 9.1


Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value as of March 31, 2020
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value as of September 30, 2020										Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value as of September 30, 2020
		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3⁽¹⁾		Total			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3(1)			Total
		(in thousands)																(in thousands)
Recurring:	Recurring:																Recurring:
Assets:	Assets:									Assets:
Investment Securities:	Investment Securities:									Investment Securities:
Available-for-sale:	Available-for-sale:									Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	—	$	—	$	16,721	$	16,721	Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	0	$	0	$	19,072		$	19,072
Floating rate asset-backed securities	Floating rate asset-backed securities	—		10,503		—		10,503		Floating rate asset-backed securities	0		9,201		0			9,201

Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	—		1,777,999		—		1,777,999		Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	0		2,286,033		0			2,286,033
Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	—		335		—		335		Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	0		318		0			318

Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	1,155,599		—		—		1,155,599		Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	1,217,566		0		0			1,217,566
Total Investment Securities	Total Investment Securities	1,155,599		1,788,837		16,721		2,961,157		Total Investment Securities	1,217,566		2,295,552		19,072			3,532,190
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:									Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale:	Available-for-sale:									Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	AgVantage	—		—		7,587,186		7,587,186		AgVantage	0		0		7,511,638			7,511,638
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	—		—		7,587,186		7,587,186		Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	0		0		7,511,638			7,511,638
USDA Securities:	USDA Securities:									USDA Securities:
Trading	Trading	—		—		8,408		8,408		Trading	0		0		6,830			6,830
Total USDA Securities	Total USDA Securities	—		—		8,408		8,408		Total USDA Securities	0		0		6,830			6,830
Financial derivatives	Financial derivatives	—		12,692		—		12,692		Financial derivatives	9		12,828		0			12,837
Total Assets at fair value	Total Assets at fair value	$	1,155,599	$	1,801,529	$	7,612,315	$	10,569,443	Total Assets at fair value	$	1,217,575	$	2,308,380	$	7,537,540		$	11,063,495
Liabilities:	Liabilities:									Liabilities:
Financial derivatives	Financial derivatives	$	114	$	53,681	$	—	$	53,795	Financial derivatives	$	0	$	37,357	$	0		$	37,357
Total Liabilities at fair value	Total Liabilities at fair value	$	114	$	53,681	$	—	$	53,795	Total Liabilities at fair value	$	0	$	37,357	$	0		$	37,357

Non-recurring:										Non-recurring:
Assets										Assets
Loans held for sale										Loans held for sale	$	0	$	0	$	22,086		$	22,086
Total non-recurring assets at fair value										Total non-recurring assets at fair value	$	0	$	0	$	22,086		$	22,086

⁽¹⁾Level 3 assets represent ~~33%~~32% of total assets and ~~72%~~68% of financial instruments measured at fair value.

4452

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value as of December 31, 2019
Level 1 Level 2
Level 3⁽¹⁾
Total
(in thousands)
Recurring:
Assets:
Investment Securities:
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans $ — $ — $ 18,912 $ 18,912
Floating rate asset-backed securities — 11,085 — 11,085
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities — 1,632,583 — 1,632,583
Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities — 340 — 340
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries 1,296,923 — — 1,296,923
Total available-for-sale 1,296,923 1,644,008 18,912 2,959,843
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage — — 7,143,025 7,143,025
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities — — 7,143,025 7,143,025
USDA Securities:
Trading — — 8,913 8,913
Total USDA Securities — — 8,913 8,913
Financial derivatives — 10,519 — 10,519
Total Assets at fair value $ 1,296,923 $ 1,654,527 $ 7,170,850 $ 10,122,300
Liabilities:
Financial derivatives $ 51 $ 26,991 $ — $ 27,042
Total Liabilities at fair value $ 51 $ 26,991 $ — $ 27,042


Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value as of December 31, 2019
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3(1)		Total
	(in thousands)
Recurring:
Assets:
Investment Securities:
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	0	$	0	$	18,912	$	18,912
Floating rate asset-backed securities	0		11,085		0		11,085
Floating rate Government/GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	0		1,632,583		0		1,632,583
Fixed rate GSE guaranteed mortgage-backed securities	0		340		0		340
Fixed rate U.S. Treasuries	1,296,923		0		0		1,296,923
Total available-for-sale	1,296,923		1,644,008		18,912		2,959,843
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	0		0		7,143,025		7,143,025
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	0		0		7,143,025		7,143,025
USDA Securities:
Trading	0		0		8,913		8,913
Total USDA Securities	0		0		8,913		8,913
Financial derivatives	0		10,519		0		10,519
Total Assets at fair value	$	1,296,923	$	1,654,527	$	7,170,850	$	10,122,300
Liabilities:
Financial derivatives	$	51	$	26,991	$	0	$	27,042
Total Liabilities at fair value	$	51	$	26,991	$	0	$	27,042

(1) Level 3 assets represent 33% of total assets and 71% of financial instruments measured at fair value.

There were no significant assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 or December 31, 2019.

Transfers in and/or out of the different levels within the fair value hierarchy are based on the fair values of the assets and liabilities as of the beginning of the reporting period. During the ~~three~~first nine months ~~ended March 31,~~of 2020 and 2019, there were no transfers within the fair value hierarchy for fair value measurements of Farmer Mac's investment securities, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, USDA Securities, and financial derivatives.

4553

The following tables present additional information about assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis for which Farmer Mac has used significant unobservable inputs to determine fair value. Net transfers in and/or out of Level 3 are based on the fair values of the assets and liabilities as of the beginning of the reporting period. There were no liabilities measured at fair value using significant unobservable inputs during the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019.

Table 9.2


Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020																		Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
		Beginning Balance		Purchases		Sales		Settlements		Allowance for Losses		Realized and Unrealized Gains included in Income		Unrealized Losses included in Other Comprehensive Income		Ending Balance			Beginning Balance		Purchases		Sales		Settlements		Allowance for losses		Realized and unrealized gains/(losses) included in Income		Unrealized gains/(losses) included in Other Comprehensive Income		Ending Balance
		(in thousands)																															(in thousands)
Recurring:	Recurring:																	Recurring:
Assets:	Assets:																	Assets:
Investment Securities:	Investment Securities:																	Investment Securities:
Available-for-sale:	Available-for-sale:																	Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	18,912	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(24)	$	—	$	(2,167)	$	16,721	Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	18,283	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	1	$	0	$	788	$	19,072
Total available-for-sale	Total available-for-sale	18,912		—		—		—		(24)		—		(2,167)		16,721		Total available-for-sale	18,283		0		0		0		1		0		788		19,072
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:																	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale:	Available-for-sale:																	Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	AgVantage	7,143,025		483,580		—		(227,255)		(166)		290,380		(102,378)		7,587,186		AgVantage	7,898,387		122,892		0		(513,864)		(96)		(41,832)		46,151		7,511,638
Total available-for-sale	Total available-for-sale	7,143,025		483,580		—		(227,255)		(166)		290,380		(102,378)		7,587,186		Total available-for-sale	7,898,387		122,892		0		(513,864)		(96)		(41,832)		46,151		7,511,638
USDA Securities:	USDA Securities:																	USDA Securities:

Trading	Trading	8,913		—		—		(611)		—		106		—		8,408		Trading	7,786		0		0		(697)		0		(259)		0		6,830
Total USDA Securities	Total USDA Securities	8,913		—		—		(611)				106		—		8,408		Total USDA Securities	7,786		0		0		(697)				(259)		0		6,830
Total Assets at fair value	Total Assets at fair value	$	7,170,850	$	483,580	$	—	$	(227,866)	$	(190)	$	290,486	$	(104,545)	$	7,612,315	Total Assets at fair value	$	7,924,456	$	122,892	$	0	$	(514,561)	$	(95)	$	(42,091)	$	46,939	$	7,537,540

Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Beginning
Balance Purchases Sales Settlements Realized and Unrealized Gains included
in Income Unrealized Gains included in Other
Comprehensive
Income Ending
Balance
(in thousands)
Recurring:
Assets:
Investment Securities:
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans $ 18,715 $ — $ — $ — $ — $ 197 $ 18,912
Total available-for-sale 18,715 — — — — 197 18,912
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage 5,974,497 776,332 — (371,733) 59,352 3,176 6,441,624
Total available-for-sale 5,974,497 776,332 — (371,733) 59,352 3,176 6,441,624
USDA Securities:
Available-for-sale — 18,928 (18,928) — — — —
Trading 9,999 — — (556) 44 — 9,487
Total USDA Securities 9,999 18,928 (18,928) (556) 44 — 9,487
Total Assets at fair value $ 6,003,211 $ 795,260 $ (18,928) $ (372,289) $ 59,396 $ 3,373 $ 6,470,023

4654


Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value for the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Beginning Balance		Purchases		Sales		Settlements		Realized and unrealized gains/(losses) included in Income		Unrealized gains/(losses) included in Other Comprehensive Income		Ending Balance
	(in thousands)
Recurring:
Assets:
Investment Securities:
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	19,208	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	19,208
Total available-for-sale	19,208		0		0		0		0		0		19,208
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	7,035,668		340,148		0		(254,593)		84,164		(22,846)		7,182,541
Total available-for-sale	7,035,668		340,148		0		(254,593)		84,164		(22,846)		7,182,541
USDA Securities:
Available-for-sale	0		9,506		(9,506)		0		0		0		0
Trading	9,201		0		0		(307)		49		0		8,943
Total USDA Securities	9,201		9,506		(9,506)		(307)		49		0		8,943
Total Assets at fair value	$	7,064,077	$	349,654	$	(9,506)	$	(254,900)	$	84,213	$	(22,846)	$	7,210,692


Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Beginning Balance		Purchases		Sales		Settlements		Allowance for Losses		Realized and unrealized gains/(losses) included in Income		Unrealized gains/(losses) included in Other Comprehensive Income		Ending Balance
	(in thousands)
Recurring:
Assets:
Investment Securities:
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	18,912	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	(37)	$	0	$	197	$	19,072
Total available-for-sale	18,912		0		0		0		(37)		0		197		19,072
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	7,143,025		958,368		0		(826,380)		(330)		257,597		(20,642)		7,511,638
Total available-for-sale	7,143,025		958,368		0		(826,380)		(330)		257,597		(20,642)		7,511,638
USDA Securities:

Trading	8,913		0		0		(1,910)		0		(173)		0		6,830
Total USDA Securities	8,913		0		0		(1,910)				(173)		0		6,830
Total Assets at fair value	$	7,170,850	$	958,368	$	0	$	(828,290)	$	(367)	$	257,424	$	(20,445)	$	7,537,540


Level 3 Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Beginning Balance		Purchases		Sales		Settlements		Realized and unrealized gains/(losses) included in Income		Unrealized gains/(losses) included in Other Comprehensive Income		Ending Balance
	(in thousands)
Recurring:
Assets:
Investment Securities:
Available-for-sale:
Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans	$	18,715	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	0	$	493	$	19,208
Total available-for-sale	18,715		0		0		0		0		493		19,208
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:
Available-for-sale:
AgVantage	5,974,497		1,730,244		0		(724,906)		258,155		(55,449)		7,182,541
Total available-for-sale	5,974,497		1,730,244		0		(724,906)		258,155		(55,449)		7,182,541
USDA Securities:
Available-for-sale	0		57,853		(57,853)		0		0		0		0
Trading	9,999		0		0		(1,210)		154		0		8,943
Total USDA Securities	9,999		57,853		(57,853)		(1,210)		154		0		8,943
Total Assets at fair value	$	6,003,211	$	1,788,097	$	(57,853)	$	(726,116)	$	258,309	$	(54,956)	$	7,210,692

The following tables present additional information about the significant unobservable inputs, such as discount rates and constant prepayment rates ("CPR"), used in the fair value measurements categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Table 9.3

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020

Financial Instruments

Fair Value

Valuation Technique

Unobservable Input

Range (Weighted-Average)

(in thousands)

Assets:

Investment securities:

Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans

~~16,721~~19,072

Indicative bids

Range of broker quotes

~~85.0%~~97.0% - ~~85.0% (85.0%~~97.0% (97.0%)

Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:

AgVantage

~~7,587,186~~7,511,638

Discounted cash flow

Discount rate

~~1.1%~~0.8% - ~~2.2% (1.4%~~2.3% (1.2%)

USDA Securities

~~8,408~~6,830

Discounted cash flow

Discount rate

~~1.6%~~1.3% - ~~2.2% (1.6%~~3.3% (2.6%)

CPR

~~13%~~23% - ~~23% (21%~~49% (43%)

As of December 31, 2019

Financial Instruments

Fair Value

Valuation Technique

Unobservable Input

Range (Weighted-Average)

(in thousands)

Assets:

Investment securities:

Floating rate auction-rate certificates backed by Government guaranteed student loans

18,912

Indicative bids

Range of broker quotes

96.0% - 96.0% (96.0%)

Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities:

AgVantage

7,143,025

Discounted cash flow

Discount rate

2.3% - 5.5% (2.6%)

USDA Securities

8,913

Discounted cash flow

Discount rate

2.3% - 2.6% (2.1%)

CPR

10% - 21% (19%)

The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurements of AgVantage Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities is the discount rate commensurate with the risks involved. Typically, significant increases (decreases) in this input in isolation may result in materially lower (higher) fair value measurements. Generally, in a rising interest rate environment, Farmer Mac would expect average discount rates to increase. Conversely, in a declining interest rate environment, Farmer Mac would expect average discount rates to decrease. Prepayment rates are not presented in the table above for AgVantage securities because they generally have fixed maturity dates when the secured general obligations are due and don't prepay.

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements of USDA Securities are the prepayment rate and discount rate commensurate with the risks involved. Typically, significant increases (decreases) in any of these inputs in isolation may result in materially lower (higher) fair value measurements. Generally, in a rising interest rate environment, Farmer Mac would expect average discount rates to increase and would likely expect a corresponding decrease in forecasted prepayment

rates. Conversely, in a declining interest rate environment, Farmer Mac would expect average discount rates to decrease and would likely expect a corresponding increase in forecasted prepayment rates.

Disclosures on Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following table sets forth the estimated fair values and carrying values for financial assets, liabilities, and guarantees and commitments as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Table 9.4


		As of March 31, 2020						As of December 31, 2019							As of September 30, 2020				As of December 31, 2019
		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount			Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount
		(in thousands)															(in thousands)
Financial assets:	Financial assets:									Financial assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,231,585	$	1,231,585	$	604,381	$	604,381	Cash and cash equivalents	$	910,592	$	910,592	$	604,381	$	604,381
Investment securities	Investment securities	3,006,320		3,006,189		3,005,828		3,004,875		Investment securities	3,578,375		3,577,222		3,005,828		3,004,875
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	9,067,242		9,035,069		8,606,451		8,590,476		Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities	8,739,103		8,712,208		8,606,451		8,590,476
USDA Securities	USDA Securities	2,344,548		2,278,019		2,294,671		2,241,073		USDA Securities	2,522,001		2,417,678		2,294,671		2,241,073
Loans	Loans	7,553,328		7,315,224		7,317,091		6,981,440		Loans	8,450,522		8,105,647		7,317,091		6,981,440
Financial derivatives	Financial derivatives	12,692		12,692		10,519		10,519		Financial derivatives	12,837		12,837		10,519		10,519
Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	32,420		37,521		36,732		38,442		Guarantee and commitment fees receivable	34,801		36,664		36,732		38,442
Financial liabilities:	Financial liabilities:									Financial liabilities:
Notes payable	Notes payable	20,975,163		20,665,020		19,234,079		19,098,648		Notes payable	21,893,043		21,589,285		19,234,079		19,098,648
Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	1,605,021		1,549,527		1,663,177		1,616,504		Debt securities of consolidated trusts held by third parties	1,337,741		1,292,416		1,663,177		1,616,504
Financial derivatives	Financial derivatives	53,795		53,795		27,042		27,042		Financial derivatives	37,357		37,357		27,042		27,042
Guarantee and commitment obligations	Guarantee and commitment obligations	30,838		35,939		34,990		36,700		Guarantee and commitment obligations	33,278		35,140		34,990		36,700

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents is a reasonable estimate of their approximate fair value and is classified as Level 1. The fair value of investments in U.S. Treasuries are valued based on unadjusted quoted prices in active markets and are classified as Level 1. A significant portion of Farmer Mac's investment portfolio is valued using a reputable nationally recognized third-party pricing service. The prices obtained are non-binding and generally representative of recent market trades and are classified as Level 2. Farmer Mac internally models the fair value of its loan portfolio, including loans held for investment and loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and USDA Securities by discounting the projected cash flows of these instruments at projected interest rates. The fair values are based on the present value of expected cash flows using management's best estimate of certain key assumptions, which include prepayment speeds, forward yield curves and discount rates commensurate with the risks involved. These fair value measurements do not take into consideration the fair value of the underlying property and are classified as Level 3. Financial derivatives primarily are valued using unadjusted counterparty valuations and are classified as Level 2. The fair value of the guarantee fees receivable/obligation and debt securities of consolidated trusts are estimated based on the present value of expected future cash flows of the underlying mortgage assets using management's best estimate of certain key assumptions, which include prepayments speeds, forward yield curves, and discount rates commensurate with the risks involved and are classified as Level 3. Notes payable are valued by discounting the expected cash flows of these instruments using a yield curve derived from market prices observed for similar agency securities and are also classified as Level 3. Because the cash flows of Farmer Mac's financial instruments may be interest rate path dependent, estimated fair values and projected discount rates for Level 3 financial instruments are derived using a Monte Carlo simulation

model. Different market assumptions and estimation methodologies could significantly affect estimated fair value amounts.

10.BUSINESS SEGMENT REPORTING

The following tables present core earnings for Farmer Mac's operating segments and a reconciliation to consolidated net income for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Table 10.1


Core Earnings by Business Segment	Core Earnings by Business Segment																															Core Earnings by Business Segment
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020																	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
		Farm & Ranch		USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities		Institutional Credit		Corporate		Reconciling Adjustments			Consolidated Net Income			Farm & Ranch		USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities		Institutional Credit		Corporate		Reconciling Adjustments			Consolidated Net Income
		(in thousands)																													(in thousands)

Net interest income	Net interest income	$	16,365	$	4,541	$	4,747	$	13,804	$	1,855	$	—		$	41,312	Net interest income	$	18,093	$	4,747	$	5,709	$	14,171	$	1,941	$	0		$	44,661
Less: reconciling adjustments^(1)(2)(3)	Less: reconciling adjustments^(1)(2)(3)	(1,427)		84		173		3,898		123		(2,851)			—		Less: reconciling adjustments(1)(2)(3)	(68)		1,118		1,230		4,430		431		(7,141)			0
Net effective spread	Net effective spread	14,938		4,625		4,920		17,702		1,978		(2,851)			—		Net effective spread	18,025		5,865		6,939		18,601		2,372		(7,141)			0
Guarantee and commitment fees⁽²⁾	Guarantee and commitment fees⁽²⁾	4,317		235		335		9		—		(1,700)			3,196		Guarantee and commitment fees(2)	4,111		213		328		7		0		(1,500)			3,159
Other income/(expense)⁽³⁾	Other income/(expense)⁽³⁾	1,169		112		7		—		(129)		(9,050)			(7,891)		Other income/(expense)(3)	443		135		0		0		(125)		(681)			(228)
Non-interest income/(loss)	Non-interest income/(loss)	5,486		347		342		9		(129)		(10,750)			(4,695)		Non-interest income/(loss)	4,554		348		328		7		(125)		(2,181)			2,931

Provision for loan losses		(808)		—		(2,125)		(491)		(14)		—			(3,438)
Release of/(provision for) losses																	Release of/(provision for) losses	300		0		(1,182)		228		1		0			(653)

Provision for reserve for losses		(4)		—		(389)		—		—		—			(393)
(Provision for)/release of reserve for losses																	(Provision for)/release of reserve for losses	(628)		0		81		0		0		0			(547)
Other non-interest expense	Other non-interest expense	(5,997)		(1,818)		(1,604)		(2,363)		(4,433)		—			(16,215)		Other non-interest expense	(5,381)		(1,643)		(1,438)		(2,160)		(3,938)		0			(14,560)
Non-interest expense⁽⁴⁾	Non-interest expense⁽⁴⁾	(6,001)		(1,818)		(1,993)		(2,363)		(4,433)		—			(16,608)		Non-interest expense(4)	(6,009)		(1,643)		(1,357)		(2,160)		(3,938)		0			(15,107)
Core earnings before income taxes	Core earnings before income taxes	13,615		3,154		1,144		14,857		(2,598)		(13,601)		⁽⁵⁾	16,571		Core earnings before income taxes	16,870		4,570		4,728		16,676		(1,690)		(9,322)		(5)	31,832
Income tax (expense)/benefit	Income tax (expense)/benefit	(2,859)		(662)		(240)		(3,120)		283		2,857			(3,741)		Income tax (expense)/benefit	(3,543)		(960)		(993)		(3,502)		701		1,957			(6,340)
Core earnings before preferred stock dividends	Core earnings before preferred stock dividends	10,756		2,492		904		11,737		(2,315)		(10,744)		⁽⁵⁾	12,830		Core earnings before preferred stock dividends	13,327		3,610		3,735		13,174		(989)		(7,365)		(5)	25,492
Preferred stock dividends	Preferred stock dividends	—		—		—		—		(3,431)		—			(3,431)		Preferred stock dividends	0		0		0		0		(5,166)		0			(5,166)

Loss on retirement of preferred stock																	Loss on retirement of preferred stock	0		0		0		0		0		(1,667)			(1,667)
Segment core earnings/(losses)	Segment core earnings/(losses)	$	10,756	$	2,492	$	904	$	11,737	$	(5,746)	$	(10,744)	⁽⁵⁾	$	9,399	Segment core earnings/(losses)	$	13,327	$	3,610	$	3,735	$	13,174	$	(6,155)	$	(9,032)	(5)	$	18,659

Total assets at carrying value	Total assets at carrying value	$	5,457,134	$	2,341,698	$	1,964,901	$	9,049,154	$	4,367,223	$	—		$	23,180,110	Total assets at carrying value	$	5,961,307	$	2,487,687	$	2,256,011	$	8,716,923	$	4,576,909	$	0		$	23,998,837
Total on- and off-balance sheet program assets at principal balance	Total on- and off-balance sheet program assets at principal balance	$	7,811,594	$	2,646,206	$	2,385,411	$	8,696,101	$	—	$	—		$	21,539,312	Total on- and off-balance sheet program assets at principal balance	$	8,249,349	$	2,735,128	$	2,685,309	$	8,319,502	$	0	$	0		$	21,989,288

⁽¹⁾Includes the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value, originally included in interest income, to reflect core earnings amounts.

⁽²⁾Includes the reclassification of interest income and interest expense from consolidated trusts owned by third parties to guarantee and commitment fees, to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee.

⁽³⁾Includes the reclassification of interest expense related to interest rate swaps not designated as hedges, which are included in ~~"Losses~~"(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives" on the consolidated financial statements, to determine the effective funding cost for each operating segment.

⁽⁴⁾Includes directly attributable costs and an allocation of indirectly attributable costs based on employee headcount.

⁽⁵⁾Net adjustments to reconcile to the corresponding income measures: core earnings before income taxes reconciled to income before income taxes; core earnings before preferred stock dividends reconciled to net income; and segment core earnings reconciled to net income attributable to common stockholders.

4959

Core Earnings by Business Segment
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Farm & Ranch USDA Guarantees Rural
Utilities Institutional Credit Corporate
Reconciling
Adjustments
Consolidated Net Income
(in thousands)
Net interest income $ 15,282 $ 4,442 $ (274) $ 18,187 $ 2,962 $ — $ 40,599
Less: reconciling adjustments^(1)(2)(3)
(2,545) (478) 3,507 (1,814) (468) 1,798 —
Net effective spread 12,737 3,964 3,233 16,373 2,494 1,798 —
Guarantee and commitment fees⁽²⁾
4,744 224 363 88 — (1,906) 3,513
Other income/(expense)⁽³⁾
480 — 7 — 22 (332) 177
Non-interest income/(loss) 5,224 224 370 88 22 (2,238) 3,690
Release of losses 264 — — — — — 264
Release of reserve for losses 129 — — — — — 129
Other non-interest expense (4,799) (1,428) (866) (2,159) (3,638) — (12,890)
Non-interest expense⁽⁴⁾
(4,670) (1,428) (866) (2,159) (3,638) — (12,761)
Core earnings before income taxes 13,555 2,760 2,737 14,302 (1,122) (440)
⁽⁵⁾
31,792
Income tax (expense)/benefit (2,847) (580) (575) (3,003) 290 93 (6,622)
Core earnings before preferred stock dividends 10,708 2,180 2,162 11,299 (832) (347)
⁽⁵⁾
25,170
Preferred stock dividends — — — — (3,296) — (3,296)
Segment core earnings/(losses) $ 10,708 $ 2,180 $ 2,162 $ 11,299 $ (4,128) $ (347)
⁽⁵⁾
$ 21,874
Total assets at carrying value $ 4,698,250 $ 2,191,896 $ 1,443,393 $ 8,502,084 $ 2,962,154 $ — $ 19,797,777
Total on- and off-balance sheet program assets at principal balance $ 7,215,585 $ 2,484,779 $ 2,074,714 $ 8,731,835 $ — $ — $ 20,506,913


Core Earnings by Business Segment
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Farm & Ranch		USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities		Institutional Credit		Corporate		Reconciling Adjustments			Consolidated Net Income
	(in thousands)


Net interest income	$	15,345	$	4,491	$	2,602	$	14,853	$	2,821	$	0		$	40,112
Less: reconciling adjustments(1)(2)(3)	(2,164)		(177)		1,900		2,954		(164)		(2,349)			0
Net effective spread	13,181		4,314		4,502		17,807		2,657		(2,349)			0
Guarantee and commitment fees(2)	4,523		250		348		87		0		(1,859)			3,349
Other income/(expense)(3)	390		92		17		0		(110)		(7,170)			(6,781)
Non-interest income/(loss)	4,913		342		365		87		(110)		(9,029)			(3,432)

Provision for loan losses	(760)		0		0		0		0		0			(760)

Release of reserve for losses	137		0		0		0		0		0			137
Other non-interest expense	(5,062)		(1,506)		(913)		(2,277)		(3,837)		0			(13,595)
Non-interest expense(4)	(4,925)		(1,506)		(913)		(2,277)		(3,837)		0			(13,458)
Core earnings before income taxes	12,409		3,150		3,954		15,617		(1,290)		(11,378)		(5)	22,462
Income tax (expense)/benefit	(2,606)		(662)		(830)		(3,280)		360		2,389			(4,629)
Core earnings before preferred stock dividends	9,803		2,488		3,124		12,337		(930)		(8,989)		(5)	17,833
Preferred stock dividends	0		0		0		0		(3,427)		0			(3,427)

Segment core earnings/(losses)	$	9,803	$	2,488	$	3,124	$	12,337	$	(4,357)	$	(8,989)	(5)	$	14,406

Total assets at carrying value	$	4,934,887	$	2,238,558	$	1,692,835	$	8,651,264	$	3,797,690	$	0		$	21,315,234
Total on- and off-balance sheet program assets at principal balance	$	7,393,728	$	2,567,763	$	2,232,602	$	8,738,266	$	0	$	0		$	20,932,359

(1)Includes the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value, originally included in interest income, to reflect core earnings amounts.

⁽⁴⁾Includes directly attributable costs and an allocation of indirectly attributable costs based on employee headcount.


Core Earnings by Business Segment
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
	Farm & Ranch		USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities		Institutional Credit		Corporate		Reconciling Adjustments			Consolidated Net Income
	(in thousands)


Net interest income	$	53,768	$	14,691	$	12,778	$	48,059	$	5,025	$	0		$	134,321
Less: reconciling adjustments(1)(2)(3)	(4,072)		488		4,597		7,026		74		(8,113)			0
Net effective spread	49,696		15,179		17,375		55,085		5,099		(8,113)			0
Guarantee and commitment fees(2)	12,822		658		995		23		0		(5,003)			9,495
Other income/(expense)(3)	2,197		864		12		0		(413)		(3,048)			(388)
Non-interest income/(loss)	15,019		1,522		1,007		23		(413)		(8,051)			9,107

(Release of)/provision for losses	412		0		(4,704)		(222)		(28)		0			(4,542)

Provision for reserve for losses	(262)		0		(278)		0		0		0			(540)
Other non-interest expense	(16,632)		(5,045)		(4,428)		(6,606)		(12,171)		0			(44,882)
Non-interest expense(4)	(16,894)		(5,045)		(4,706)		(6,606)		(12,171)		0			(45,422)
Core earnings before income taxes	48,233		11,656		8,972		48,280		(7,513)		(16,164)		(5)	93,464
Income tax (expense)/benefit	(10,129)		(2,448)		(1,884)		(10,139)		1,689		3,395			(19,516)
Core earnings before preferred stock dividends	38,104		9,208		7,088		38,141		(5,824)		(12,769)		(5)	73,948
Preferred stock dividends	0		0		0		0		(12,536)		0			(12,536)
Loss on retirement of preferred stock	0		0		0		0		0		(1,667)			(1,667)
Segment core earnings/(losses)	$	38,104	$	9,208	$	7,088	$	38,141	$	(18,360)	$	(14,436)	(5)	$	59,745

Total assets at carrying value	$	5,961,307	$	2,487,687	$	2,256,011	$	8,716,923	$	4,576,909	$	0		$	23,998,837
Total on- and off-balance sheet program assets at principal balance	$	8,249,349	$	2,735,128	$	2,685,309	$	8,319,502	$	0	$	0		$	21,989,288

(1)Includes the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value, originally included in interest income, to reflect core earnings amounts.

(2)Includes the reclassification of interest income and interest expense from consolidated trusts owned by third parties to guarantee and commitment fees, to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee.

(3)Includes the reclassification of interest expense related to interest rate swaps not designated as hedges, which are included in "(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives" on the consolidated financial statements, to determine the effective funding cost for each operating segment.

(4)Includes directly attributable costs and an allocation of indirectly attributable costs based on employee headcount.

(5)Net adjustments to reconcile to the corresponding income measures: core earnings before income taxes reconciled to income before income taxes; core earnings before preferred stock dividends reconciled to net income; and segment core earnings reconciled to net income attributable to common stockholders.

5061


Core Earnings by Business Segment
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
	Farm & Ranch		USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities		Institutional Credit		Corporate		Reconciling Adjustments			Consolidated Net Income
	(in thousands)


Net interest income	$	46,424	$	13,045	$	6,264	$	49,425	$	8,607	$	0		$	123,765
Less: reconciling adjustments(1)(2)(3)	(7,171)		(670)		5,467		2,126		(900)		1,148			0
Net effective spread	39,253		12,375		11,731		51,551		7,707		1,148			0
Guarantee and commitment fees(2)	13,861		712		1,069		261		0		(5,638)			10,265
Other income/(expense)(3)	1,058		92		31		0		494		1,050			2,725
Non-interest income/(loss)	14,919		804		1,100		261		494		(4,588)			12,990

Provision for loan losses	(1,074)		0		0		0		0		0			(1,074)

Release of reserve for losses	424		0		0		0		0		0			424
Other non-interest expense	(14,448)		(4,279)		(2,595)		(6,470)		(10,903)		0			(38,695)
Non-interest expense(4)	(14,024)		(4,279)		(2,595)		(6,470)		(10,903)		0			(38,271)
Core earnings before income taxes	39,074		8,900		10,236		45,342		(2,702)		(3,440)		(5)	97,410
Income tax (expense)/benefit	(8,206)		(1,870)		(2,149)		(9,522)		663		722			(20,362)
Core earnings before preferred stock dividends	30,868		7,030		8,087		35,820		(2,039)		(2,718)		(5)	77,048
Preferred stock dividends	0		0		0		0		(10,508)		0			(10,508)
Loss on retirement of preferred stock	0		0		0		0		0		(1,956)			(1,956)
Segment core earnings/(losses)	$	30,868	$	7,030	$	8,087	$	35,820	$	(12,547)	$	(4,674)	(5)	$	64,584

Total assets at carrying value	$	4,934,887	$	2,238,558	$	1,692,835	$	8,651,264	$	3,797,690	$	0		$	21,315,234
Total on- and off-balance sheet program assets at principal balance	$	7,393,728	$	2,567,763	$	2,232,602	$	8,738,266	$	0	$	0		$	20,932,359

(1)Includes the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value, originally included in interest income, to reflect core earnings amounts.

(4)Includes directly attributable costs and an allocation of indirectly attributable costs based on employee headcount.

Item 2.Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Financial information included in this report is consolidated to include the accounts of Farmer Mac and its two subsidiaries – Farmer Mac Mortgage Securities Corporation and Farmer Mac II LLC. This discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read together with: (1) the interim unaudited consolidated financial statements and the related notes that appear elsewhere in this report; and (2) Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, as filed with the SEC on February 25, 2020.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

In this report, the words "Farmer Mac," "we," "our," and "us" refer to the Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation unless otherwise stated or unless the context otherwise requires.

Some statements made in this report, such as in the "Management's Discussion &and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" section, are "forward-looking statements" ~~under~~as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 about management's current expectations for Farmer Mac's future financial results, business prospects, and business developments. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, any statement, including statements about COVID-19 and the impact of the pandemic on Farmer Mac, that may predict, forecast, indicate, or imply future results, performance, or achievements. These statements typically include terms such as "anticipates," "believes," "continues," "estimates," "expects," "forecasts," "intends," "outlook," "plans," "potential," "project," "target" and similar terms, and future or conditional tense verbs like "could," "may," ~~"could,~~"might," "should," "will," and ~~similar phrases.~~"would." This report includes forward-looking statements addressing Farmer Mac's:

•prospects for earnings;

•prospects for growth in business volume;

•assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial results, financial condition, and business plans and strategies;

•trends in net interest income and net effective spread;

•trends in portfolio credit quality, delinquencies, substandard assets, credit losses, and provisions for losses;

•trends in expenses;

•trends in investment securities;

•prospects for asset impairments and allowance for losses;

•changes in capital position;

•future dividend payments; and

•other business and financial matters.

Management's expectations for Farmer Mac's future necessarily involve assumptions, estimates, and the evaluation of risks and uncertainties. Various factors or events, both known and unknown, could cause Farmer Mac's actual results to differ materially from the expectations as expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements, including the factors discussed under "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A of Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal period ended December 31, 2019 filed with the

SEC on February 25, 2020, the factors discussed under "Risk Factors" in Part II, Item 1A of this report, and uncertainties about:

•the duration, spread, and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic;

•the actions taken to address the COVID-19 pandemic, including government actions to mitigate the economic impact of the pandemic, how quickly and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume, the possibility of future disruptions to economic recovery caused by additional outbreaks, regulatory measures or voluntary actions that may be put in place to limit the spread of COVID-19, and the duration and efficacy of such restrictions;

•the effects of the ~~novel coronavirus disease 2019 ("COVID-19")~~COVID-19 pandemic on the business operations of agricultural and rural borrowers, the capital markets, and Farmer Mac's business operations;

•the availability to Farmer Mac of debt and equity financing and, if available, the reasonableness of rates and terms;

•legislative or regulatory developments that could affect Farmer Mac, its sources of business, or the agricultural or rural utilities industries;

•fluctuations in the fair value of assets held by Farmer Mac and its subsidiaries;

•the level of lender interest in Farmer Mac's products and the secondary market provided by Farmer Mac;

•the general rate of growth in agricultural mortgage and rural utilities indebtedness;

•the effect of economic conditions and geopolitics on agricultural mortgage or rural utilities lending, borrower repayment capacity, or collateral values, including fluctuations in interest rates, changes in U.S. trade policies, fluctuations in export demand for U.S. agricultural products, and volatility in commodity prices;

•the degree to which Farmer Mac is exposed to interest rate risk resulting from fluctuations in Farmer Mac's borrowing costs relative to market indexes;

•developments in the financial markets, including possible investor, analyst, and rating agency reactions to events involving government-sponsored enterprises, including Farmer Mac;

•the effect of any changes in Farmer Mac's executive leadership; and

•other factors that could have a negative effect on agricultural mortgage lending or borrower repayment capacity, including the effects of weather and fluctuations in agricultural real estate values.

Considering these potential risks and uncertainties, no undue reliance should be placed on any forward-looking statements expressed in this report. Farmer Mac undertakes no obligation to release publicly the results of revisions to any forward-looking statements to reflect new information or any future events or circumstances, except as otherwise required by applicable law. The information in this report is not necessarily indicative of future results.

Overview

The discussion below of Farmer Mac's financial information includes "non-GAAP measures," which are measures of financial performance that are not presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP"). For more information about the non-GAAP measures Farmer Mac uses, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Use of Non-GAAP Measures."

5264

~~The Effect of the~~

COVID-19 ~~Pandemic~~Update

Farmer Mac continues to closely monitor the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on our financial condition and operations. We have maintained uninterrupted continuity of our operations while operating entirely remotely and our liquidity levels remain well above regulatory requirements, which has enabled us to execute our mission to support rural America during this pandemic. For example:

•we have maintained uninterrupted access to the debt capital markets;

•we provided a total of $1.3 billion in liquidity and lending capacity to lenders serving rural America during the quarter-ended ~~March 31, 2020, resulting in net growth in our outstanding business volume of $0.4 billion;~~September 30, 2020;

•we are working with our loan servicers and other partners to respond to and facilitate COVID-19-related payment deferment requests from borrowers, and as of September 30, 2020, we had executed COVID-19 payment deferments for $374.5 million of unpaid principal balance related to Farm & Ranch loans, Farm & Ranch LTSPCs, and USDA Securities to provide relief to borrowers;

•we are maintaining strong liquidity in our investment portfolio, as evidenced by our quarter-end cash position of ~~$1.2~~$0.9 billion; and

•we ~~are preserving~~have built and preserved capital and liquidity by issuing net new preferred stock of $60.0 million in the third quarter, issuing preferred stock of $79.5 million in the second quarter, and indefinitely suspending our ~~share~~common stock repurchase ~~program.~~program in the first quarter.

The economic ~~deterioration from~~impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic caused our ~~provision~~total allowance for credit losses ~~during~~to remain elevated in the ~~first quarter to be higher than it would have been without the economic effects from the pandemic.~~third quarter. On January 1, 2020, we adopted Accounting Standards Update 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Loss (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("CECL"). Under CECL, our allowances and reserve for credit losses reflect our estimate of expected losses over the lives of our financial instruments based on historical information and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Both the adoption of this new accounting standard and the economic effects from the COVID-19 pandemic ~~resulted in an~~combined to increase to the amount of our total allowance for losses ~~as of March~~from December 31, ~~2020 and our total provision for losses for the three months ended March 31,~~2019 to September 30, 2020. The economic effects from the COVID-19 pandemic that most affected our estimate of expected credit losses were the effects on credit spreads and ~~higher~~expectations for continued elevated levels of unemployment. Of the ~~$3.8~~$5.1 million ~~expected~~ credit loss provision that we recorded in the first ~~quarter~~nine months of 2020, ~~$3.5~~$1.9 million was attributable to updated economic factors, predominantly related to COVID-19. For more information about the impact of COVID-19 on Farmer Mac's expected credit losses, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit ~~Risk—~~Risk – Loans & Guarantees."

We ~~have also observed an increase in~~continue to observe a heightened level of payment deferment requests from our loan servicers on behalf of borrowers in our Farm & Ranch loan portfolio, as well as from our AgVantage counterparties for loans collateralizing their obligations. For more information about Farm & Ranch payment deferments, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Loans and Guarantees." For more information about AgVantage loan collateral payment deferments, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Institutional."

5365

Net Income and Core Earnings

The following table shows our net income attributable to common stockholders and core earnings for the periods presented. Core earnings and core earnings per share are non-GAAP measures that principally differ from net income attributable to common stockholders and earnings per common share, respectively, by excluding the effects of fair value fluctuations as well as the effects of specified infrequent or unusual transactions.

Table 1


		For the Three Months Ended											For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019		March 31, 2019			September 30, 2020		June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
		(in thousands)											(in thousands)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	9,399	$	29,066	$	21,874	Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	18,659	$	31,687	$	14,406
Core earnings	Core earnings	20,143		24,484		22,221		Core earnings	27,691		26,347		23,395

The ~~$19.7~~$13.0 million sequential decrease in net income attributable to common stockholders was primarily due to a ~~$10.6~~$5.6 million after-tax decrease in the fair value of financial derivatives not designated as hedging instruments in hedge accounting relationships (undesignated financial derivatives) due to fluctuations in long-term interest rates, a ~~$6.4~~$2.9 million after-tax decrease in net interest income, the recognition of $1.7 million in deferred issuance costs related to the redemption of the Series A Preferred Stock, a $1.2 million increase in preferred stock dividends, and a ~~$2.4~~$0.9 million after-tax increase in ~~operating expenses.~~the total provision for credit losses.

The ~~$12.5~~$4.3 million year-over-year ~~decrease~~increase in net income attributable to common stockholders was primarily due to a ~~$7.1~~$5.4 million after-tax ~~decrease~~increase in the fair value of undesignated financial derivatives due to fluctuations in long-term interest rates and a ~~$2.6~~$3.6 million after-tax increase in net interest income. These increases were partially offset by a $1.7 million increase in preferred stock dividends, the recognition of $1.7 million in deferred issuance costs related to the redemption of the Series A Preferred Stock, and a $0.7 million after-tax increase in operating ~~expenses, and a $3.3 million after-tax increase in the total provision for losses.~~expenses.

The ~~$4.3~~$1.3 million sequential ~~decrease~~increase in core earnings was primarily due to a $2.4 million after-tax increase in operating expenses, a $1.4 million after-tax decrease in net effective spread because in the prior quarter we received a one-time prepayment penalty of $1.4 million, and a $0.8 million after-tax increase in the total provision for losses.

The $2.1 million year-over-year decrease in core earnings was primarily due to a $3.3 million after-tax increase in the total provision for losses and a $2.6 million after-tax increase in operating expenses. These decreases were partially offset by a $4.2 million after-tax increase in net effective spread, ~~resulting primarily from an~~partially offset by a $0.9 million after-tax increase in ~~outstanding business volume.~~the total provision for credit losses, a $1.2 million increase in preferred stock dividends, a $0.4 million after-tax increase in operating expenses, and a $0.5 million after-tax decrease in other income.

The $4.3 million year-over-year increase in core earnings was primarily due to a $7.4 million after-tax increase in net effective spread. This increase was partially offset by a $1.7 million increase in preferred stock dividends, a $0.8 million after-tax increase in operating expenses, and a $0.5 million after-tax increase in the total provision for credit losses.

For more information about net income attributable to common stockholders, the composition of core earnings, and a reconciliation of net income attributable to common stockholders to core earnings, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations." For more information about the non-GAAP measures Farmer Mac uses, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Use of Non-GAAP Measures."

5466

Net Interest Income and Net Effective Spread

The following table shows our net interest income and net effective spread in both dollars and percentage yield or spread for the periods presented. Farmer Mac uses net effective spread, a non-GAAP measure, as an alternative to net interest income because management believes it is a useful metric that reflects the economics of the net spread between all the assets owned by Farmer Mac and all related funding, including any associated derivatives, some of which may not be included in net interest income.

Table 2


		For the Three Months Ended																For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019			March 31, 2019				September 30, 2020			June 30, 2020			September 30, 2019
		(in thousands)																(in thousands)
Net interest income	Net interest income	$	41,312		$	49,370		$	40,599		Net interest income	$	44,661		$	48,348		$	40,112
Net interest yield %	Net interest yield %	0.78		%	0.95		%	0.86		%	Net interest yield %	0.78		%	0.87		%	0.78		%
Net effective spread	Net effective spread	44,163			45,991			38,801			Net effective spread	51,802			46,469			42,461
Net effective spread %	Net effective spread %	0.89		%	0.95		%	0.89		%	Net effective spread %	0.96		%	0.89		%	0.90		%

The ~~$8.1~~$3.7 million sequential decrease in net interest income was primarily due to a ~~$6.4~~$2.7 million decrease in net fair value ~~changes~~losses from derivatives designated in fair value hedge accounting relationships (designated financial derivatives) and a ~~decrease~~$3.0 million increase in ~~prepayment penalties because in the prior quarter we received~~funding and liquidity costs. This was partially offset by a ~~one-time prepayment penalty of $1.4 million.~~$2.3 million increase related to new business volume. In percentage terms, the decrease of ~~0.17%~~0.09% was primarily attributable to a decrease of 0.12% in net fair value changes from designated financial derivatives, a decrease of 0.03% related to the decrease in prepayment penalties mentioned above, and an increase of 0.02% in funding and liquidity costs.

The $0.7 million year-over-year increase in net interest income was primarily due to net growth across all lines of business, which contributed to a $3.8 million increase in net interest income. This increase was largely offset by the decrease of $3.0 million in net fair value changes from designated financial derivatives due to fluctuations in long-term interest rates. In percentage terms, the 0.08% decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease of 0.06%0.05% in net fair value changes from designated financial derivatives, an increase of 0.06% in funding and liquidity costs, ~~partially offset by~~and an increase of ~~0.03% in~~0.01% related to new business volume.

The $4.5 million year-over-year increase in net interest income was primarily due to net growth across most lines of business, which contributed to a $6.5 million increase in net interest income. This increase was partially offset by a $1.8 million increase in funding and liquidity costs. In percentage terms, net interest income remained at 0.78% in both third quarter 2020 and third quarter 2019.

The $5.3 million sequential ~~decrease~~increase in net effective spread was primarily due to a ~~$2.0~~$2.3 million ~~decrease in certain non-recurring cash-based income items, including the absence of a $1.4 million one-time prepayment penalty that we received in fourth quarter 2019,~~increase related to new business volume and a ~~$0.6~~$3.1 million ~~increase~~decrease in non-GAAP funding costs. ~~These decreases were partially offset by a $0.8 million increase from net business volume across all lines of business.~~ In percentage terms, ~~net effective spread decreased 0.06%, which~~the increase of 0.07% was primarily attributable to athe decrease ~~of 0.04% related to the absence of the one-time prepayment penalty mentioned above and a decrease of 0.02%~~ in non-GAAP funding costs of 0.05% and ~~liquidity costs.~~an increase of 0.01% related to new business volume.

The ~~$5.4~~$9.3 million year-over-year increase in net effective spread was primarily due to net growth in outstanding business volume, which increased net effective spread by approximately ~~$5.2 million.~~$6.5 million and a $2.2 million decrease in non-GAAP funding costs. In percentage terms, the increase of 0.06% was primarily attributable to an increase of 0.03% related to net ~~effective spread remained at 0.89%~~volume growth, and a decrease in ~~both first quarter 2020 and first quarter 2019.~~non-GAAP funding costs of 0.03%.

For more information about Farmer Mac's use of net effective spread as a financial measure, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Use of Non-GAAP Measures." For a reconciliation of net interest income to net effective spread, see Table 11 in

~~"Management's~~ "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations—Net Interest Income."

Business Volume

Our outstanding business volume was ~~$21.5~~$22.0 billion as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, a net ~~increase~~decrease of ~~$421.4~~$52.8 million from ~~December 31, 2019,~~June 30, 2020, after taking into account all new business, maturities, and paydowns on existing assets. This net ~~increase~~decrease was ~~across all four lines~~primarily attributable to net decreases of ~~business: $255.9~~$335.3 million in the Institutional Credit ~~$104.8~~line of business and $6.3 million in Rural Utilities, ~~$34.6~~which was partially offset by net increases of $231.5 million in Farm & Ranch and ~~$26.0~~$57.3 million in USDA Guarantees.

Farmer Mac's net business volume ~~growth~~decrease of ~~$421.4~~$52.8 million in ~~first~~third quarter 2020 was ~~$361.0~~primarily attributable to maturities of $547.2 million ~~less than~~in our Institutional Credit line of business due to reduced financing demand from those counterparties and tightening spreads in the ~~$782.4~~institutional market.

The $231.5 million net increase in our Farm & Ranch line of ~~net growth achieved in first quarter 2019. Net growth in first quarter 2019 included one large, unique transaction – the purchase~~business was comprised of a ~~$546.2~~$399.5 million ~~portfolio~~net increase in outstanding loan purchase volume, partially offset by net decreases of ~~participations~~$159.7 million in ~~seasoned~~loans held in consolidated trusts and $8.3 million in loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities. During third quarter 2020, Farmer Mac syndicated a $15.0 million position of a newly purchased $59.2 million agricultural loan. The transaction represents new activity for Farmer Mac to broaden its relationships across the agricultural lending spectrum.

The $6.3 million net decrease in our Rural Utilities line of business was comprised of a $14.1 million net decrease in loans ~~from CoBank, which was our first~~under LTSPCs, partially offset by $7.8 million net increase in outstanding loan purchase ~~of program assets from CoBank in any~~volume. During the third quarter, as part of our ~~lines of business. Portfolio purchases of that size are unusual and are not expected to occur regularly, if at all,~~renewable energy project finance strategic initiative, Farmer Mac purchased a $10.0 million loan in ~~future periods. Excluding the impact from the unique CoBank transaction in first quarter 2019, Farmer Mac's net growth in first quarter 2020 compared to first quarter 2019 was $185.2 million.~~connection with a wind project financing.

For more information about Farmer Mac's business volume, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations—Business Volume."

Capital

Table 3


		As of							As of
		March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019			September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
		(in thousands)							(in thousands)
Core capital	Core capital	$	815,054	$	815,437	Core capital	$	984,182	$	815,437
Capital in excess of minimum capital level required	Capital in excess of minimum capital level required	165,722		196,669		Capital in excess of minimum capital level required	314,235		196,669

The ~~decrease~~increase in capital in excess of the minimum capital level required was primarily due to ~~net~~the Board-authorized issuance of the Series E Preferred Stock and Series F Preferred Stock and the increase in retained earnings, partially offset by growth in our outstanding business volume and the Board-authorized redemption of ~~$421.4 million and a decrease in retained earnings.~~the Series A Preferred Stock.

Current Expected Credit Loss

As noted above, Farmer Mac adopted CECL on January 1, 2020. Under CECL, we estimate and recognize expected credit losses over the lives of our financial assets. We base our estimate of expected losses on historical loss information and reasonable and supportable forecasts. In ~~first~~third quarter 2020, our reasonable and supportable forecasts included the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on economic factors such as credit spreads and unemployment. Thus, our total provision for credit losses during the three months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 was affected by ~~both~~ the ~~implementation of the new accounting standard and by the~~ongoing economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac's allowance for losses on its on-balance sheet loan portfolio was ~~$14.9~~$15.8 million ~~(0.20%~~(0.19% of all loans), compared to $10.5 million (0.15% of all loans) as of December 31, 2019. ~~The first quarter increase was comprised~~As of ~~a $1.5 million transition adjustment related to the adoption of CECL on~~ January 1, 2020, Farmer Mac recorded a cumulative transition adjustment of $1.5 million. For the three and ~~an additional $2.9 million~~nine months ended September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac recorded a provision ~~for losses. The transition~~

~~adjustment was the difference between (1) the~~to its allowance for loan losses ~~on December 31, 2019 that reflected probable incurred losses on loans~~of $0.9 million and (2) the allowance for losses on January 1, 2020 that reflected expected losses on loans. The first quarter provision for losses was primarily related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on economic factors, including credit spreads and unemployment. Economic factor forecasts for lower commodity prices uniquely impacted the Farm & Ranch portfolio.$4.3 million, respectively.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac's reserve for losses on its off-balance sheet LTSPCs and Guaranteed Securities was ~~$3.4~~$3.6 million ~~(0.10%~~(0.11% of all off-balance sheet LTSPCs and Guaranteed Securities), compared to $2.2 million (0.06% of all off-balance sheet LTSPCs and Guaranteed Securities) on December 31, 2019. ~~The first quarter increase was comprised~~As of ~~a $0.9 million transition adjustment related to the adoption of CECL on~~ January 1, 2020, Farmer Mac recorded a cumulative transition adjustment of $0.9 million. For both the three and ~~an additional $0.4 million~~nine months ended September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac recorded a provision to ~~the reserve. The transition adjustment was the difference between (1) the~~its reserve for ~~losses on December 31, 2019 that reflected probable incurred losses on~~its off-balance sheet LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and (2) the reserve for losses on January 1, 2020 that reflected expected losses on off-balance sheet LTSPCs and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities. The first quarter reserve for losses was primarily related to the impactportfolio of ~~the COVID-19 pandemic on economic factors, including credit spreads and unemployment. Economic factor forecasts for lower commodity prices uniquely impacted the Farm & Ranch portfolio.~~$0.5 million.

Credit Quality

The following table presents Farm & Ranch substandard assets, in dollars and as a percentage of the Farm & Ranch portfolio, for both on- and off-balance sheet assets as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019:

Table 4


		Farm & Ranch Line of Business															Farm & Ranch Line of Business
		On-Balance Sheet						Off-Balance Sheet							On-Balance Sheet				Off-Balance Sheet
		Substandard Assets		% of Portfolio		Substandard Assets		% of Portfolio			Substandard Assets		% of Portfolio		Substandard Assets		% of Portfolio
		(in thousands)															(dollars in thousands)
March 31, 2020		$	211,376	3.9	%	$	100,964	4.1	%
September 30, 2020										September 30, 2020	$	195,455	3.3	%	$	125,729	5.3	%
June 30, 2020										June 30, 2020	209,690		3.7	%	95,174		4.0	%
December 31, 2019	December 31, 2019	207,078		3.9	%	102,877		4.1	%	December 31, 2019	207,078		3.9	%	102,877		4.1	%

Increase/(decrease) from prior quarter-ending	Increase/(decrease) from prior quarter-ending	$	4,298	—	%	$	(1,913)	—	%	Increase/(decrease) from prior quarter-ending	$	(14,235)	(0.4)	%	$	30,555	1.3	%
Increase/(decrease) from prior year-ending										Increase/(decrease) from prior year-ending	$	(11,623)	(0.6)	%	$	22,852	1.2	%

The ~~increase~~decrease of ~~$4.3~~$14.2 million in on-balance sheet substandard assets during ~~first~~third quarter 2020 ~~reflected growth in the business volume of that portfolio~~was primarily driven by credit upgrades during the ~~quarter and consistency in the credit quality~~quarter. The overall Farm & Ranch portfolio grew by $239.8 million, which caused substandard assets as a percentage of the total on-balance sheet Farm & Ranch portfolio ~~as the percentage of substandard assets remained unchanged. Similarly, the $1.9~~to decrease. The $30.6 million ~~decrease~~increase in substandard assets in our off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch portfolio during third quarter 2020 was primarily due to ~~a net decrease in business volume, with~~ credit ~~quality remaining unchanged overall~~downgrades during the ~~period.~~quarter. For an analysis of current loan-to-value ratios across substandard and other internally assigned risk ratings, see Table 27 in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Loans and Guarantees."

The following table presents Farm & Ranch 90-day delinquencies, in dollars and as a percentage of the Farm & Ranch portfolio, for both on- and off-balance sheet assets as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, June 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019:

Table 5

Farm & Ranch Line of Business
On-Balance Sheet Off-Balance Sheet
90-Day
Delinquencies % of Portfolio 90-Day
Delinquencies % of Portfolio
(in thousands)
March 31, 2020 $ 75,117 1.40 % $ 4,605 0.19 %
December 31, 2019 57,719 1.09 % 3,235 0.13 %
Increase/(decrease) from prior quarter ending $ 17,398 0.31 % $ 1,370 0.06 %


	Farm & Ranch Line of Business
	On-Balance Sheet				Off-Balance Sheet
	90-Day Delinquencies		% of Portfolio		90-Day Delinquencies		% of Portfolio
	(dollars in thousands)
September 30, 2020	$	74,040	1.26	%	$	14,001	0.59	%
June 30, 2020	65,866		1.17	%	2,816		0.12	%
December 31, 2019	57,719		1.09	%	3,235		0.13	%

Increase/(decrease) from prior quarter-ending	$	8,174	0.09	%	$	11,185	0.47	%
Increase/(decrease) from prior year-ending	$	16,321	0.17	%	$	10,766	0.46	%

The sequential increase in 90-day delinquencies is primarily due to the seasonal ~~delinquencies~~payment pattern associated with loans that have annual (January 1st) and semi-annual (January 1st and July 1st) payment terms, which account for most of the loans in the Farm & Ranch portfolio. ~~In addition, the~~The sequential increase was primarily driven by two commodity ~~groups: (1) agricultural storage~~groups – crops and ~~processing, and (2) crops. The other~~livestock. Other commodity groups ~~either~~ experienced small decreases in 90-day delinquencies or remained ~~constant.~~stable. The top ten borrower exposures over 90 days delinquent represented over half of the 90-day delinquencies as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020.

In the Rural Utilities portfolio, one ~~$5.0~~$4.5 million loan was ~~rated as a~~downgraded to substandard ~~asset~~in the previous quarter and ~~there~~remained substandard in third quarter 2020. There were no delinquencies in the Rural Utilities portfolio as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020.

For more information about Farmer Mac's credit metrics, including 90-day delinquencies, the total allowance for losses, and substandard assets, as well as the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on loan

payment deferments, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Loans and Guarantees."

Use of Non-GAAP Measures

In the accompanying analysis of its financial information, Farmer Mac uses "non-GAAP measures," which are measures of financial performance that are not presented in accordance with GAAP. Specifically, Farmer Mac uses the following non-GAAP measures: "core earnings," "core earnings per share," and "net effective spread." Farmer Mac uses these non-GAAP measures to measure corporate economic performance and develop financial plans because, in management's view, they are useful alternative measures in understanding Farmer Mac's economic performance, transaction economics, and business trends.

The non-GAAP financial measures that Farmer Mac uses may not be comparable to similarly labeled non-GAAP financial measures disclosed by other companies. Farmer Mac's disclosure of these non-GAAP measures is intended to be supplemental in nature and is not meant to be considered in isolation from, as a substitute for, or as more important than, the related financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Core Earnings and Core Earnings Per Share

Core earnings and core earnings per share principally differ from net income attributable to common stockholders and earnings per common share, respectively, by excluding the effects of fair value fluctuations. These fluctuations are not expected to have a cumulative net impact on Farmer Mac's financial condition or results of operations reported in accordance with GAAP if the related financial instruments are held to maturity, as is expected.

Core earnings and core earnings per share also differ from net income attributable to common stockholders and earnings per common share, respectively, by excluding specified infrequent or unusual transactions that we believe are not indicative of future operating results and that may not reflect the trends and economic financial performance of Farmer Mac's core business. For example, ~~in prior periods~~ we have excluded from core earnings losses on retirement of preferred stock and, in prior periods, the re-measurement of the deferred tax asset. For a reconciliation of Farmer Mac's net income attributable to common stockholders to core earnings and of earnings per common share to core earnings per share, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations."

Net Effective Spread

Farmer Mac uses net effective spread to measure the net spread Farmer Mac earns between its interest-earning assets and the related net funding costs of these assets. Net effective spread differs from net interest income and net interest yield because it excludes: (1) the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value that are amortized as adjustments to yield in interest income over the contractual or estimated remaining lives of the underlying assets; (2) interest income and interest expense related to consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties, which are presented on Farmer Mac's consolidated balance sheets as "Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost"; and (3) the fair value changes of financial derivatives and the corresponding assets or liabilities designated in a fair value hedge accounting relationship.

Farmer Mac excludes from net effective spread the premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value because they either do not reflect actual cash premiums paid for the assets at acquisition or are not expected to have an economic effect on Farmer Mac's financial performance if the assets are held to maturity, as is expected. Farmer Mac also excludes from net effective spread the interest income and interest expense associated with the consolidated trusts and the average balance of the loans underlying these trusts to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns on the related Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities owned by third parties is effectively a guarantee fee. Accordingly, the excluded interest income and interest expense associated with consolidated trusts is reclassified to guarantee and commitment fees in determining Farmer Mac's core earnings. Farmer Mac also excludes from net effective spread the fair value changes of financial derivatives and the corresponding assets or liabilities designated in fair value hedge relationships because they are not expected to have an economic effect on Farmer Mac's financial performance, as we expect to hold the financial derivatives and corresponding hedged items to maturity.

Net effective spread also principally differs from net interest income and net interest yield because it includes the accrual of income and expense related to the contractual amounts due on financial derivatives that are not designated in hedge accounting relationships ("undesignated financial derivatives"). Farmer Mac uses interest rate swaps to manage its interest rate risk exposure by synthetically modifying the

interest rate reset or maturity characteristics of certain assets and liabilities. The accrual of the contractual amounts due on interest rate swaps designated in hedge accounting relationships is included as an adjustment to the yield or cost of the hedged item and is included in net interest income. For undesignated financial derivatives, Farmer Mac records the income or expense related to the accrual of the contractual amounts due in ~~"Losses~~"(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives" on the consolidated statements of operations. However, the accrual of the contractual amounts due for undesignated financial derivatives are included in Farmer Mac's calculation of net effective spread.

Net effective spread also differs from net interest income and net interest yield because it includes the net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives, which consist of: (1) the net effects of cash settlements on agency forward contracts on the debt of other GSEs and U.S. Treasury security futures that we use as short-term economic hedges on the issuance of debt; and (2) the net effects of initial cash payments that Farmer Mac receives upon the inception of certain swaps. The inclusion of these items in net effective spread is intended to reflect our view of the complete net spread between an asset and all of its related funding, including any associated derivatives, whether or not they are designated in a hedge accounting relationship.

For a reconciliation of net interest income and net interest yield to net effective spread, see Table 11 in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations—Net Interest Income."

Results of Operations

Reconciliations of Farmer Mac's net income attributable to common stockholders to core earnings and core earnings per share are presented in the following tables along with information about the composition of core earnings:

6072

Table 6


Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Common Stockholders to Core Earnings	Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Common Stockholders to Core Earnings									Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Common Stockholders to Core Earnings
		For the Three Months Ended							For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019			September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
		(in thousands, except per share amounts)							(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	9,399	$	21,874	Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	18,659	$	14,406
Less reconciling items:	Less reconciling items:					Less reconciling items:
(Losses)/gains on undesignated financial derivatives due to fair value changes (see Table 14)		(6,484)		2,240
Losses on undesignated financial derivatives due to fair value changes (see Table 14)						Losses on undesignated financial derivatives due to fair value changes (see Table 14)	(4,149)		(7,117)
Losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes	Losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes	(5,925)		(2,817)		Losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes	(5,245)		(4,535)
Unrealized gains on trading securities		106		44
Unrealized (losses)/gains on trading securities						Unrealized (losses)/gains on trading securities	(258)		49
Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value	Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value	3		(16)		Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value	97		(7)
Net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	Net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	(1,300)		110		Net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	233		232

Issuance costs on the retirement of preferred stock						Issuance costs on the retirement of preferred stock	(1,667)		—

Income tax effect related to reconciling items	Income tax effect related to reconciling items	2,856		92		Income tax effect related to reconciling items	1,957		2,389
Sub-total	Sub-total	(10,744)		(347)		Sub-total	(9,032)		(8,989)
Core earnings	Core earnings	$	20,143	$	22,221	Core earnings	$	27,691	$	23,395

Composition of Core Earnings:	Composition of Core Earnings:					Composition of Core Earnings:
Revenues:	Revenues:					Revenues:
Net effective spread⁽¹⁾	Net effective spread⁽¹⁾	$	44,163	$	38,801	Net effective spread(1)	$	51,802	$	42,461
Guarantee and commitment fees⁽²⁾	Guarantee and commitment fees⁽²⁾	4,896		5,419		Guarantee and commitment fees(2)	4,659		5,208
Other⁽³⁾	Other⁽³⁾	674		509		Other(3)	453		389
Total revenues	Total revenues	49,733		44,729		Total revenues	56,914		48,058

Credit related expense (GAAP):	Credit related expense (GAAP):					Credit related expense (GAAP):
Provision for/(release of) losses		3,831		(393)
Provision for losses						Provision for losses	1,200		623

Gains on sale of REO		(485)		—

Total credit related expense	Total credit related expense	3,346		(393)		Total credit related expense	1,200		623

Operating expenses (GAAP):	Operating expenses (GAAP):					Operating expenses (GAAP):
Compensation and employee benefits	Compensation and employee benefits	10,127		7,606		Compensation and employee benefits	8,791		7,654
General and administrative	General and administrative	5,363		4,596		General and administrative	5,044		5,253
Regulatory fees	Regulatory fees	725		688		Regulatory fees	725		688
Total operating expenses	Total operating expenses	16,215		12,890		Total operating expenses	14,560		13,595

Net earnings	Net earnings	30,172		32,232		Net earnings	41,154		33,840
Income tax expense⁽⁴⁾	Income tax expense⁽⁴⁾	6,598		6,715		Income tax expense(4)	8,297		7,018

Preferred stock dividends (GAAP)	Preferred stock dividends (GAAP)	3,431		3,296		Preferred stock dividends (GAAP)	5,166		3,427
Core earnings	Core earnings	$	20,143	$	22,221	Core earnings	$	27,691	$	23,395

Core earnings per share:	Core earnings per share:					Core earnings per share:
Basic	Basic	$	1.88	$	2.08	Basic	$	2.58	$	2.19
Diluted	Diluted	1.87		2.06		Diluted	2.57		2.17
Weighted-average shares:	Weighted-average shares:					Weighted-average shares:
Basic	Basic	10,712		10,670		Basic	10,734		10,706
Diluted	Diluted	10,782		10,777		Diluted	10,785		10,776

⁽¹⁾Net effective spread is a non-GAAP measure. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Use of Non-GAAP Measures—Net Effective Spread" for an explanation of net effective spread. See Table 11 for a reconciliation of net interest income to net effective spread.

⁽²⁾Includes interest income and interest expense related to consolidated trusts owned by third parties reclassified from net interest income to guarantee and commitment fees to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee on the consolidated Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities.

⁷³

(3)Reflects reconciling adjustments for the reclassification to exclude expenses related to interest rate swaps not designated as hedges and terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives, and reconciling adjustments to exclude fair value adjustments on financial derivatives and trading assets and the recognition of deferred gains over the estimated lives of certain Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities.

(4)Includes the tax impact of non-GAAP reconciling items between net income attributable to common stockholders and core earnings.

6174


Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Common Stockholders to Core Earnings
	For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
	(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	59,745	$	64,584
Less reconciling items:
(Losses)/gains on undesignated financial derivatives due to fair value changes (see Table 14)	(1,933)		5,608
Losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes	(13,846)		(8,790)
Unrealized (losses)/gains on trading securities	(173)		154
Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value	135		(162)
Net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	(346)		(250)
Issuance costs on the retirement of preferred stock	(1,667)		(1,956)

Income tax effect related to reconciling items	3,394		722
Sub-total	(14,436)		(4,674)
Core earnings	$	74,181	$	69,258

Composition of Core Earnings:
Revenues:
Net effective spread(1)	$	142,434	$	122,617
Guarantee and commitment fees(2)	14,498		15,903
Other(3)	2,175		1,675
Total revenues	159,107		140,195

Credit related expense (GAAP):
Provision for losses	5,082		650
REO operating expenses	—		64
Gains on sale of REO	(485)		—
Total credit related expense	4,597		714

Operating expenses (GAAP):
Compensation and employee benefits	27,005		22,030
General and administrative	15,702		14,538
Regulatory fees	2,175		2,063
Total operating expenses	44,882		38,631

Net earnings	109,628		100,850
Income tax expense(4)	22,911		21,084

Preferred stock dividends (GAAP)	12,536		10,508
Core earnings	$	74,181	$	69,258

Core earnings per share:
Basic	$	6.92	$	6.48
Diluted	6.88		6.43
Weighted-average shares:
Basic	10,725		10,691
Diluted	10,781		10,774

(1)Net effective spread is a non-GAAP measure. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Use of Non-GAAP Measures—Net Effective Spread" for an explanation of net effective spread. See Table 11 for a reconciliation of net interest income to net effective spread.

(2)Includes interest income and interest expense related to consolidated trusts owned by third parties reclassified from net interest income to guarantee and commitment fees to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee on the consolidated Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities.

(4)Includes the tax impact of non-GAAP reconciling items between net income attributable to common stockholders and core earnings.

Table 7


Reconciliation of GAAP Basic Earnings Per Share to Core Earnings - Basic Earnings Per Share	Reconciliation of GAAP Basic Earnings Per Share to Core Earnings - Basic Earnings Per Share									Reconciliation of GAAP Basic Earnings Per Share to Core Earnings - Basic Earnings Per Share
		For the Three Months Ended							For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
		March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019			September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
		(in thousands, except per share amounts)							(in thousands, except per share amounts)
GAAP - Basic EPS	GAAP - Basic EPS	$	0.88	$	2.05	GAAP - Basic EPS	$	1.74	$	1.34	$	5.57	$	6.04
Less reconciling items:	Less reconciling items:					Less reconciling items:
(Losses)/gains on undesignated financial derivatives due to fair value changes (see Table 14)	(Losses)/gains on undesignated financial derivatives due to fair value changes (see Table 14)	(0.61)		0.21		(Losses)/gains on undesignated financial derivatives due to fair value changes (see Table 14)	(0.39)		(0.66)		(0.18)		0.52
Losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes	Losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes	(0.55)		(0.26)		Losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes	(0.49)		(0.42)		(1.29)		(0.82)
Unrealized gains on trading securities		0.01		—

Unrealized (losses)/gains on trading securities						Unrealized (losses)/gains on trading securities	(0.02)		—		(0.02)		0.01
Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value						Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value	0.01		—		0.01		(0.02)
Net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	Net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	(0.12)		0.01		Net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	0.02		0.02		(0.03)		(0.02)
Issuance costs on the retirement of preferred stock						Issuance costs on the retirement of preferred stock	(0.15)		—		(0.16)		(0.18)
Income tax effect related to reconciling items	Income tax effect related to reconciling items	0.27		0.01		Income tax effect related to reconciling items	0.18		0.21		0.32		0.07
Sub-total	Sub-total	(1.00)		(0.03)		Sub-total	(0.84)		(0.85)		(1.35)		(0.44)
Core Earnings - Basic EPS	Core Earnings - Basic EPS	$	1.88	$	2.08	Core Earnings - Basic EPS	$	2.58	$	2.19	$	6.92	$	6.48

Shares used in per share calculation (GAAP and Core Earnings)	Shares used in per share calculation (GAAP and Core Earnings)	10,712		10,670		Shares used in per share calculation (GAAP and Core Earnings)	10,734		10,706		10,725		10,691


Reconciliation of GAAP Diluted Earnings Per Share to Core Earnings - Diluted Earnings Per Share	Reconciliation of GAAP Diluted Earnings Per Share to Core Earnings - Diluted Earnings Per Share									Reconciliation of GAAP Diluted Earnings Per Share to Core Earnings - Diluted Earnings Per Share
		For the Three Months Ended							For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
		March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019			September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
		(in thousands, except per share amounts)							(in thousands, except per share amounts)
GAAP - Diluted EPS	GAAP - Diluted EPS	$	0.87	$	2.03	GAAP - Diluted EPS	$	1.73	$	1.33	$	5.54	$	5.99
Less reconciling items:	Less reconciling items:					Less reconciling items:
(Losses)/gains on undesignated financial derivatives due to fair value changes (see Table 14)	(Losses)/gains on undesignated financial derivatives due to fair value changes (see Table 14)	(0.60)		0.21		(Losses)/gains on undesignated financial derivatives due to fair value changes (see Table 14)	(0.39)		(0.66)		(0.18)		0.52
Losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes	Losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes	(0.55)		(0.26)		Losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes	(0.49)		(0.42)		(1.28)		(0.82)
Unrealized gains on trading securities		0.01		—

Unrealized (losses)/gains on trading securities						Unrealized (losses)/gains on trading securities	(0.02)		—		(0.02)		0.01
Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value						Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value	0.01		—		0.01		(0.02)
Net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	Net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	(0.12)		0.01		Net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	0.02		0.02		(0.03)		(0.02)
Issuance costs on the retirement of preferred stock						Issuance costs on the retirement of preferred stock	(0.15)		—		(0.15)		(0.18)
Income tax effect related to reconciling items	Income tax effect related to reconciling items	0.26		0.01		Income tax effect related to reconciling items	0.18		0.22		0.31		0.07
Sub-total	Sub-total	(1.00)		(0.03)		Sub-total	(0.84)		(0.84)		(1.34)		(0.44)
Core Earnings - Diluted EPS	Core Earnings - Diluted EPS	$	1.87	$	2.06	Core Earnings - Diluted EPS	$	2.57	$	2.17	$	6.88	$	6.43

Shares used in per share calculation (GAAP and Core Earnings)	Shares used in per share calculation (GAAP and Core Earnings)	10,782		10,777		Shares used in per share calculation (GAAP and Core Earnings)	10,785		10,776		10,781		10,774

6276

The non-GAAP reconciling items between net income attributable to common stockholders and core earnings are:

1. Losses on financial derivatives due to fair value changes are presented by two reconciling items in Table 6 above: (a) (Losses)/gains on undesignated financial derivatives due to fair value changes; and (b) Losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes. The table below calculates the non-GAAP reconciling item for losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes:

Table 8


Non-GAAP Reconciling Items for (Losses)/Gains on Hedging Activities due to Fair Value Changes	Non-GAAP Reconciling Items for (Losses)/Gains on Hedging Activities due to Fair Value Changes										Non-GAAP Reconciling Items for (Losses)/Gains on Hedging Activities due to Fair Value Changes
		For the Three Months Ended							For the Three Months Ended					For the Nine Months Ended
		March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019			September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019			September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
		(in thousands)					(in thousands)
Losses due to fair value changes (see Table 4.2)	Losses due to fair value changes (see Table 4.2)	$	(5,681)	$	(2,699)	Losses due to fair value changes (see Table 4.2)	$	(5,047)	$	(4,490)		$	(13,109)	$	(8,617)
Initial cash payment (received) at inception of swap	Initial cash payment (received) at inception of swap	(244)		(118)		Initial cash payment (received) at inception of swap	(198)		(45)			(737)		(173)
Losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes	Losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes	$	(5,925)	$	(2,817)	Losses on hedging activities due to fair value changes	$	(5,245)	$	(4,535)		$	(13,846)	$	(8,790)

2. Unrealized ~~gains~~gains/(losses) on trading securities. The unrealized gains/(losses) on trading securities are reported on Farmer Mac's consolidated statements of operations, which represent changes during the period in fair values for trading assets remaining on Farmer Mac's balance sheet as of the end of the reporting period.

3. Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value. The amount of this non-GAAP reconciling item is the recorded amount of premium, discount, or deferred gain amortization during the reporting period on those assets for which the premium, discount, or deferred gain was based on the application of an accounting principle (e.g., consolidation of variable interest entities) rather than on a cash transaction (e.g., a purchase price premium or discount).

4. The net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives. These terminations or net settlements relate to:

•Forward contracts on the debt of other GSEs and futures contracts on U.S. Treasury securities. These contracts are used as a short-term economic hedge of the issuance of debt. For GAAP purposes, realized gains or losses on settlements of these contracts are reported in the consolidated statements of operations in the period in which they occur. For core earnings purposes, these realized gains or losses are deferred and amortized as net yield adjustments over the term of the related debt, which generally ranges from 3 to 15 years.

•Initial cash payments received by Farmer Mac upon the inception of certain swaps. When there is no direct payment arrangement between a swap dealer counterparty and a debt dealer issuing Farmer Mac's medium-term notes for a particular transaction, Farmer Mac may receive an initial cash payment from the swap dealer at the inception of the swap to offset dollar-for-dollar the amount of the discount on the associated hedged debt. For GAAP purposes, changes in fair value of the swaps are recognized in "Gains on financial derivatives," while the economically offsetting discount on the associated hedged debt is amortized over the term of the debt as an adjustment to its yield. For purposes of core earnings, these initial cash payments are deferred and amortized as net yield adjustments over the term of the related debt, which generally ranges from 3 to 15 years.

5. The recognition of deferred issuance costs on the retirements of the Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock in third quarter 2020 and second quarter 2019, respectively, has been excluded from core earnings because they are not frequently occurring transactions, nor are they indicative of future operating results. This is consistent with Farmer Mac's previous treatment of deferred issuance costs associated with the retirement of preferred stock.

The following sections provide more detail about specific components of Farmer Mac's results of operations.

Net Interest Income. The following table provides information about interest-earning assets and funding for the ~~three~~nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019. The average balance of non-accruing loans is included in the average balance of loans, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and USDA Securities presented, though the related income is accounted for on a cash basis. Therefore, as the average balance of non-accruing loans and the income received increases or decreases, the net interest income and yield will fluctuate accordingly. The average balance of loans in consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties is disclosed in the net effect of consolidated trusts and is not included in the average balances of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities. The interest income and expense associated with these trusts are shown in the net effect of consolidated trusts.

Table 9


		For the Three Months Ended																							For the Nine Months Ended
		March 31, 2020										March 31, 2019											September 30, 2020				September 30, 2019
		Average Balance		Income/ Expense		Average Rate		Average Balance		Income/ Expense		Average Rate			Average Balance		Income/ Expense		Average Rate		Average Balance		Income/ Expense		Average Rate
		(dollars in thousands)																							(dollars in thousands)
Interest-earning assets:	Interest-earning assets:													Interest-earning assets:
Cash and investments	Cash and investments	$	3,708,499	$	17,741	1.91	%	$	2,815,695	$	18,707	2.66	%	Cash and investments	$	3,965,371	$	35,236	1.18	%	$	3,118,378	$	61,718	2.64	%
Loans, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities⁽¹⁾	Loans, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities⁽¹⁾	16,075,354		117,230		2.92	%	14,557,209		121,781		3.35	%	Loans, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities(1)	16,780,558		309,051		2.46	%	15,019,083		374,767		3.33	%
Total interest-earning assets	Total interest-earning assets	19,783,853		134,971		2.73	%	17,372,904		140,488		3.23	%	Total interest-earning assets	20,745,929		344,287		2.21	%	18,137,461		436,485		3.21	%
Funding:	Funding:													Funding:
Notes payable due within one year	Notes payable due within one year	3,014,566		12,132		1.61	%	3,510,208		21,265		2.42	%	Notes payable due within one year	3,626,550		21,654		0.80	%	3,785,429		67,930		2.39	%
Notes payable due after one year⁽²⁾	Notes payable due after one year⁽²⁾	16,393,917		83,227		2.03	%	13,187,397		80,529		2.44	%	Notes payable due after one year(2)	16,828,032		193,315		1.53	%	13,760,960		250,428		2.43	%
Total interest-bearing liabilities⁽³⁾	Total interest-bearing liabilities⁽³⁾	19,408,483		95,359		1.97	%	16,697,605		101,794		2.44	%	Total interest-bearing liabilities(3)	20,454,582		214,969		1.40	%	17,546,389		318,358		2.42	%
Net non-interest-bearing funding	Net non-interest-bearing funding	375,370		—				675,299		—				Net non-interest-bearing funding	291,347		—				591,072		—
Total funding	Total funding	19,783,853		95,359		1.93	%	17,372,904		101,794		2.34	%	Total funding	20,745,929		214,969		1.38	%	18,137,461		318,358		2.34	%
Net interest income/yield prior to consolidation of certain trusts	Net interest income/yield prior to consolidation of certain trusts	19,783,853		39,612		0.80	%	17,372,904		38,694		0.89	%	Net interest income/yield prior to consolidation of certain trusts	20,745,929		129,318		0.83	%	18,137,461		118,127		0.87	%
Net effect of consolidated trusts⁽⁴⁾	Net effect of consolidated trusts⁽⁴⁾	1,530,301		1,700		0.44	%	1,544,172		1,905		0.49	%	Net effect of consolidated trusts(4)	1,436,353		5,003		0.46	%	1,546,443		5,638		0.49	%
Net interest income/yield	Net interest income/yield	$	21,314,154	$	41,312	0.78	%	$	18,917,076	$	40,599	0.86	%	Net interest income/yield	$	22,182,282	$	134,321	0.81	%	$	19,683,904	$	123,765	0.84	%

⁽¹⁾Excludes interest income of ~~$14.9~~$41.8 million and ~~$15.0~~$45.7 million, in the first ~~quarter~~nine months of 2020 and 2019, respectively, related to consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties.

⁽²⁾Includes current portion of long-term notes.

⁽³⁾Excludes interest expense of ~~$13.2~~$36.8 million and ~~$13.1~~$40.0 million in the first ~~quarter~~nine months of 2020 and 2019, respectively, related to consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties.

⁽⁴⁾Includes the effect of consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties.

The ~~$0.7~~$10.6 million year-over-year increase in net interest income was primarily due to net growth across ~~all~~most lines of business, which contributed ~~$3.8~~$16.6 million towards the increase in net interest income. This increase was partially offset by the decrease of ~~$3.0~~$4.5 million in net fair value changes from fair value hedge accounting relationships as a result of material changes in market interest ~~rates.~~

rates and a $1.8 million increase in funding and liquidity costs. In percentage terms, the decrease of ~~0.08%~~0.03% was primarily attributable to an increase of 0.04% in funding and liquidity costs and a decrease of ~~0.06%~~0.03% in net fair value changes from fair value hedge accounting ~~relationships and~~relationships. These decreases were partially offset by an increase of 0.03% ~~in funding and liquidity costs.~~related to net volume growth.

The following table sets forth information about changes in the components of Farmer Mac's net interest income prior to consolidation of certain trusts for the periods indicated. For each category, information is provided on changes attributable to changes in volume (change in volume multiplied by old rate) and changes in rate (change in rate multiplied by old volume). Combined rate/volume variances, the third element of the calculation, are allocated based on their relative size.

Table 10


		For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020 Compared to Same Period in 2019											For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to Same Period in 2019
		Increase/(Decrease) Due to											Increase/(Decrease) Due to
		Rate		Volume		Total			Rate		Volume		Total
		(in thousands)											(in thousands)
Income from interest-earning assets:	Income from interest-earning assets:							Income from interest-earning assets:
Cash and investments	Cash and investments	$	(6,016)	$	5,050	$	(966)	Cash and investments	$	(40,196)	$	13,714	$	(26,482)
Loans, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	Loans, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	(16,521)		11,969		(4,552)		Loans, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and USDA Securities	(106,109)		40,393		(65,716)
Total	Total	(22,537)		17,019		(5,518)		Total	(146,305)		54,107		(92,198)
Expense from other interest-bearing liabilities	Expense from other interest-bearing liabilities	(21,502)		15,066		(6,436)		Expense from other interest-bearing liabilities	(149,880)		46,491		(103,389)
Change in net interest income prior to consolidation of certain trusts⁽¹⁾	Change in net interest income prior to consolidation of certain trusts⁽¹⁾	$	(1,035)	$	1,953	$	918	Change in net interest income prior to consolidation of certain trusts(1)	$	3,575	$	7,616	$	11,191

⁽¹⁾Excludes the effect of debt in consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties.

The following table presents a reconciliation of net interest income and net interest yield to net effective spread. Net effective spread is measured by: including (1) expenses related to undesignated financial derivatives, which consists of income or expense related to contractual amounts due on financial derivatives not designated in hedge relationships (the income or expense related to financial derivatives designated in hedge accounting relationships is already included in net interest income), and (2) the amortization of losses due to terminations or net settlements of financial derivatives; and excluding (3) the amortization of premiums and discounts on assets consolidated at fair value, (4) the net effects of consolidated trusts with beneficial interests owned by third parties, and (5) the fair value changes of financial derivatives and corresponding financial assets or liabilities in fair value hedge relationships. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Use of Non-GAAP Measures—Net Effective Spread" for more information about net effective spread.

Table 11


		For the Three Months Ended															For the Three Months Ended								For the Nine Months Ended
		March 31, 2020						March 31, 2019							September 30, 2020				September 30, 2019				September 30, 2020				September 30, 2019
		Dollars		Yield		Dollars		Yield			Dollars		Yield		Dollars		Yield		Dollars		Yield		Dollars		Yield
		(dollars in thousands)															(dollars in thousands)
Net interest income/yield	Net interest income/yield	$	41,312	0.78	%	$	40,599	0.86	%	Net interest income/yield	$	44,661	0.78	%	$	40,112	0.78	%	$	134,321	0.80	%	$	123,765	0.84	%
Net effects of consolidated trusts	Net effects of consolidated trusts	(1,700)		0.02	%	(1,905)		0.03	%	Net effects of consolidated trusts	(1,500)		0.02	%	(1,859)		0.02	%	(5,003)		0.03	%	(5,638)		0.03	%
Expense related to undesignated financial derivatives	Expense related to undesignated financial derivatives	(1,190)		(0.02)	%	(2,544)		(0.06)	%	Expense related to undesignated financial derivatives	3,613		0.07	%	(268)		—	%	9		—	%	(4,370)		(0.03)	%
Amortization of premiums/discounts on assets consolidated at fair value	Amortization of premiums/discounts on assets consolidated at fair value	11		—	%	23		—	%	Amortization of premiums/discounts on assets consolidated at fair value	(81)		—	%	28		—	%	(92)		—	%	341		—	%
Amortization of losses due to terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	Amortization of losses due to terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	49		—	%	(71)		—	%	Amortization of losses due to terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	62		—	%	(42)		—	%	90		—	%	(98)		—	%
Fair value changes on fair value hedge relationships	Fair value changes on fair value hedge relationships	5,681		0.11	%	2,699		0.06	%	Fair value changes on fair value hedge relationships	5,047		0.09	%	4,490		0.10	%	13,109		0.09	%	8,617		0.06	%
Net effective spread	Net effective spread	$	44,163	0.89	%	$	38,801	0.89	%	Net effective spread	$	51,802	0.96	%	$	42,461	0.90	%	$	142,434	0.92	%	$	122,617	0.90	%

For ~~first quarter~~the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019, the ~~$5.4~~$9.3 million increase in net effective spread in dollars was primarily due to net growth in outstanding business volume, which increased net effective spread by approximately ~~$5.2 million.~~$6.5 million, and a $2.2 million decrease in non-GAAP funding costs.

For the first nine months of 2020 compared to the same period in 2019, the $19.8 million increase in net effective spread in dollars was primarily due to net growth in outstanding business volume, which increased net effective spread by approximately $16.6 million, and a $2.8 million decrease in non-GAAP funding costs.

See Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements for more information about net interest income and net effective spread from Farmer Mac's individual business segments. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Supplemental Information" for quarterly net effective spread by line of business.

6580

Provision for and Release of Allowance for Losses and Reserve for Losses. The following table summarizes the components of Farmer Mac's total allowance for losses for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Table 12


		For the Three Months Ended																							As of September 30, 2020				As of September 30, 2019
		March 31, 2020										March 31, 2019											Allowance for Losses		Reserve for Losses		Total Allowance for Losses	Allowance for Losses	Reserve for Losses	Total Allowance for Losses
		Allowance for Losses		Reserve for Losses		Total Allowance for Losses		Allowance for Losses		Reserve for Losses		Total Allowance for Losses			(in thousands)
For the Three Months Ended:														For the Three Months Ended:
Beginning balance														Beginning balance	$	15,758	$	3,020	$	18,778	$	7,264	$	1,880	$	9,144
Provision for/(release of) losses														Provision for/(release of) losses	646		548		1,194		760		(137)		623
		(in thousands)
Ending Balance														Ending Balance	$	16,404	$	3,568	$	19,972	$	8,024	$	1,743	$	9,767

For the Nine Months Ended:														For the Nine Months Ended:
Beginning balance	Beginning balance	$	10,454	$	2,164	$	12,618	$	7,017	$	2,167	$	9,184	Beginning balance	$	10,454	$	2,164	$	12,618	$	7,017	$	2,167	$	9,184
Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	1,793		863		2,656		—		—		—		Cumulative effect adjustment from adoption of current expected credit loss standard	1,793		863		2,656		—		—		—
Adjusted beginning balance	Adjusted beginning balance	12,247		3,027		15,274		7,017		2,167		9,184		Adjusted beginning balance	12,247		3,027		15,274		7,017		2,167		9,184
Provision for losses		3,438		393		3,831		(264)		(129)		(393)

Provision for/(release of) losses														Provision for/(release of) losses	4,551		541		5,092		1,074		(424)		650
Charge-offs														Charge-offs	(394)		—		(394)		(67)		—		(67)
Ending balance	Ending balance	$	15,685	$	3,420	$	19,105	$	6,753	$	2,038	$	8,791	Ending balance	$	16,404	$	3,568	$	19,972	$	8,024	$	1,743	$	9,767

The cumulative effect adjustment from the adoption of CECL on January 1, 2020 was $2.7 million and was recorded directly to retained earnings, net of tax. The transition adjustment was the difference between (1) the total allowance for losses on December 31, 2019 that reflected probable incurred losses and (2) the total allowance for losses on January 1, 2020 that reflected expected losses.

The cumulative effect adjustment for credit losses on on-balance sheet assets was $1.8 million and was comprised of an increase of $5.4 million to the allowance for losses on Rural Utilities loans and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and a $3.6 million decrease in the allowance for losses on Farm & Ranch loans and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities. Although Farmer Mac has never experienced any credit losses in its portfolio of Rural Utilities loans and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, our estimate of expected losses is based upon reasonable and supportable forecasts over the expected lives of these assets. The reduction in the allowance for losses on Farm & Ranch loans and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities reflects the expected recovery rate based on loan-to-value ratios in those portfolios.

The cumulative effect adjustment for credit losses on LTSPCs was $0.9 million and was comprised of an increase of $1.0 million on Rural Utilities LTSPCs and a decrease of $0.1 million on Farm & Ranch LTSPCs.

~~In first~~For third quarter 2020, our forecasts ~~included~~continued to include the ~~effect~~effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on economic factors such as land values, gross domestic product, credit spreads, and unemployment. ~~Primarily due to these updated economic factors, Farmer Mac recorded a total provision for losses of $3.8 million.~~

The provision to Farmer Mac's allowance for losses for on-balance sheet assets was ~~$3.4~~$0.6 million and was comprised of ~~$2.2~~$1.2 million for expected losses on Rural Utilities loans and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and ~~$1.2~~a release of $0.5 million on Farm & Ranch loans and Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities. Our economic factor forecast in the third quarter 2020 improved from our second quarter 2020 forecast. However, the impact of our updated economic factor forecast on our Rural Utilities portfolio was more

than offset by net business volume growth. Similarly, updated third quarter economic factors had an impact on our Farm & Ranch portfolio where improving commodity prices and lower expected volatility in land values decreased expected losses for our lowest risk-rated assets. The provision to Farmer Mac's reserve for losses on ~~LTSPCs~~our off-balance sheet portfolio was ~~$0.4~~$0.5 million, primarily related to Farm & Ranch LTSPCs, and was ~~primarily on Rural Utilities LTSPCs.~~driven by deteriorated credit quality in that portfolio in the third quarter.

Our estimates of expected losses are based on historical information and reasonable and supportable forecasts. Our reasonable and supportable forecasts incorporate economic factor forecasts and are

sensitive to changes in those economics factor forecasts. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, our estimate of expected credit losses considered the economic volatility from the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, the ~~volatility in~~continued stabilization of credit spreads and uncertainty in unemployment expectations were the two economic factors that had the most significant impact. These economic factors also had a more significant impact on our estimate of expected losses in Farmer Mac's Rural Utilities portfolio than in the Farm & Ranch ~~portfolio. The effect of these economic factors on our estimate of expected losses was less significant on Farmer Mac's Farm & Ranch portfolio than on the Rural Utilities~~ portfolio because of stable farm land values and stable credit quality in the Farm & Ranch portfolio during the ~~quarter. In addition to the impact of volatility in our economic forecasts as the end of the~~ first, ~~quarter, growth in net outstanding business volume across all portfolios also increased Farmer Mac's total allowance for losses,~~second, and ~~thereby Farmer Mac's total provision for losses.~~third quarters.

See Notes 5 and 6 to the consolidated financial statements and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Loans and Guarantees."

Guarantee and Commitment Fees. The following table presents guarantee and commitment fees, which compensate Farmer Mac for assuming the credit risk on loans underlying off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs, for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Table 13

For the Three Months Ended
Change
March 31, 2020 March 31, 2019 $ %
(dollars in thousands)
Guarantee and commitment fees $ 3,196 $ 3,513 $ (317) (9) %


	For the Three Months Ended								For the Nine Months Ended
					Change								Change
	September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		$		%		September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		$		%
	(dollars in thousands)
Guarantee and commitment fees	$	3,159	$	3,349	$	(190)	(6)	%	$	9,495	$	10,265	$	(770)	(8)	%

In Farmer Mac's presentation of core earnings, guarantee and commitment fees include interest income and interest expense related to consolidated trusts owned by third parties to reflect management's view that the net interest income Farmer Mac earns is effectively a guarantee fee on the consolidated Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities. The decrease in guarantee and commitment fees for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same periods in 2019 was primarily due to decreased LTSPC volume. As adjusted for the core earnings presentation, guarantee and commitment fees were ~~$4.9~~$4.7 million and $14.5 million for ~~first quarter~~the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, compared to ~~$5.4~~$5.2 million ~~in first quarter 2019.~~and $15.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, respectively.

6782

~~Losses~~

(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives. The components of gains and losses on financial derivatives for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019 are summarized in the following table:

Table 14


		For the Three Months Ended															For the Three Months Ended								For the Nine Months Ended
						Change											Change								Change
		March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019		$		%			September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		$		%		September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		$		%
		(dollars in thousands)															(dollars in thousands)
(Losses)/gains due to fair value changes	(Losses)/gains due to fair value changes	$	(6,484)	$	2,240	$	(8,724)	(389)	%	(Losses)/gains due to fair value changes	$	(4,149)	$	(7,117)	$	2,968	(42)	%	$	(1,933)	$	5,608	$	(7,541)	(134)	%
Accrual of contractual payments	Accrual of contractual payments	(1,190)		(2,544)		1,354		(53)	%	Accrual of contractual payments	3,613		(268)		3,881		(1448)	%	10		(4,370)		4,380		(100)	%
(Losses)/gains due to terminations or net settlements	(Losses)/gains due to terminations or net settlements	(1,624)		(56)		(1,568)		2,800	%	(Losses)/gains due to terminations or net settlements	(28)		25		(53)		(212)	%	(1,416)		(45)		(1,371)		3,047	%
Losses on financial derivatives		$	(9,298)	$	(360)	$	(8,938)	2,483	%
(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives										(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives	$	(564)	$	(7,360)	$	6,796	(92)	%	$	(3,339)	$	1,193	$	(4,532)	(380)	%

These changes in fair value are primarily the result of fluctuations in long-term interest rates. The accrual of periodic cash settlements for interest paid or received from Farmer Mac's ~~undesignated~~ interest rate swaps that are undesignated financial derivatives is shown as expense related to financial derivatives. Payments or receipts to terminate undesignated derivative positions or net cash settled forward sales contracts on the debt of other GSEs and undesignated U.S. Treasury security futures and initial cash payments received upon the inception of certain undesignated swaps are included in ~~"Gains~~"(Losses)/gains due to terminations or net settlements" in the table above. For undesignated swaps, when there is no direct payment arrangement between a swap dealer counterparty and a debt dealer issuing Farmer Mac's medium-term notes for a particular transaction, Farmer Mac may receive an initial cash payment from the swap dealer at the inception of the swap to offset dollar-for-dollar the amount of the discount on the associated hedged debt. Changes in the fair value of these swaps are recognized immediately in ~~"Gains/(losses)~~"(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives," while the offsetting discount on the hedged debt is amortized over the term of the debt as an adjustment to its yield. The amounts of initial cash payments received by Farmer Mac vary depending on the number of the aforementioned type of swaps it executes during a quarter.

Other Income. The following table presents other income for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Table 15


		For the Three Months Ended															For the Three Months Ended								For the Nine Months Ended
						Change											Change								Change
		March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019		$		%			September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		$		%		September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		$		%
		(dollars in thousands)															(dollars in thousands)
Late fees	Late fees	$	592	$	415	$	177	43	%	Late fees	$	236	$	360	$	(124)	(34)	%	$	1,124	$	929	$	195	21	%
Other	Other	224		78		146		187	%	Other	358		170		188		111	%	1,515		449		1,066		237	%
Total other income	Total other income	$	816	$	493	$	323	66	%	Total other income	$	594	$	530	$	64	12	%	$	2,639	$	1,378	$	1,261	92	%

6883

The increase in other fees is primarily due to an increase in the fees received from borrowers to modify their long-term fixed borrowing rate to a new lower rate.

Operating Expenses. The components of operating expenses for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019 are summarized in the following table:

Table 16

For the Three Months Ended
Change
March 31, 2020 March 31, 2019 $ %
(dollars in thousands)
Compensation and employee benefits $ 10,127 $ 7,606 $ 2,521 33 %
General and administrative 5,363 4,596 767 17 %
Regulatory fees 725 688 37 5 %
Total Operating Expenses $ 16,215 $ 12,890 $ 3,325 26 %


	For the Three Months Ended								For the Nine Months Ended
					Change								Change
	September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		$		%		September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		$		%
	(dollars in thousands)
Compensation and employee benefits	$	8,791	$	7,654	$	1,137	15	%	$	27,005	$	22,030	$	4,975	23	%
General and administrative	5,044		5,253		(209)		(4)	%	15,702		14,538		1,164		8	%
Regulatory fees	725		688		37		5	%	2,175		2,063		112		5	%
Total Operating Expenses	$	14,560	$	13,595	$	965	7	%	$	44,882	$	38,631	$	6,251	16	%

a.Compensation and Employee Benefits. The ~~year-over year~~ increase in compensation and employee benefits expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 was primarily due to lower than expected bonus payments in the prior year period and increased headcount in the current period. The increase in compensation and employee benefits expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 was primarily due to an increase in bonus expense in first quarter 2020 due to 2019 financial performance and the severance payments made to an executive who resigned in first quarter 2020.

b.General and Administrative Expenses (G&A). The ~~year-over-year~~decrease in G&A expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 was primarily due to reduced travel to attend in-person meetings and industry events. The increase in G&A expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same period in 2019 was primarily due to increased spending on software licenses and information technology consultants to support growth and strategic initiatives.

Income Tax Expense. The following table presents income tax expense and the effective income tax rate for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Table 17


		For the Three Months Ended																			For the Three Months Ended										For the Nine Months Ended
								Change													Change										Change
		March 31, 2020			March 31, 2019			$		%			September 30, 2020			September 30, 2019			$		%		September 30, 2020			September 30, 2019			$		%
		(dollars in thousands)																			(dollars in thousands)
Income tax expense	Income tax expense	$	3,741		$	6,622		$	(2,881)	(44)	%	Income tax expense	$	6,340		$	4,629		$	1,711	37	%	$	19,516		$	20,362		$	(846)	(4)	%
Effective tax rate	Effective tax rate	22.6		%	20.8		%			1.8	%	Effective tax rate	19.9		%	20.6		%			(0.7)	%	20.9		%	20.9		%			—	%

6984

Business Volume.

The following table sets forth the net growth or decrease under Farmer Mac's lines of business for the three and nine months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019:

Table 18

Net New Business Volume – Farmer Mac Loan Purchases, Guarantees, LTSPCs, and AgVantage Securities
For the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2020 March 31, 2019
Net Growth/(Decrease) Net Growth/(Decrease)
(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch:
Loans $ 81,826 $ 22,574
LTSPCs (47,181) (40,962)
USDA Guarantees:
USDA Securities 44,344 (39,644)
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities (18,313) 8,803
Rural Utilities:
Loans 118,433 490,258
LTSPCs (13,594) (7,660)
Institutional Credit:
AgVantage securities 255,855 349,018
Total purchases, guarantees, LTSPCs, and AgVantage securities $ 421,370 $ 782,387

Farmer Mac's net business volume growth of $421.4 million in first quarter 2020 was $361.0 million less than the $782.4 million of net growth achieved in first quarter 2019. Net growth in first quarter 2019 included one large, unique transaction – the purchase of a $546.2 million portfolio of participations in seasoned Rural Utilities loans from CoBank, which was Farmer Mac's first purchase of program assets from CoBank in any of our lines of business. Portfolio purchases of that size are unusual and are not expected to occur regularly, if at all, in future periods. Excluding the impact from the CoBank transaction in first quarter 2019, Farmer Mac's net growth in first quarter 2020 compared to first quarter 2019 was $185.2 million.


Net New Business Volume – Farmer Mac Loan Purchases, Guarantees, LTSPCs, and AgVantage Securities
	For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
	Net Growth/(Decrease)		Net Growth/(Decrease)		Net Growth/(Decrease)		Net Growth/(Decrease)
	(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch:
Loans	$	239,812	$	82,707	$	580,768	$	248,643
LTSPCs	(8,313)		19,668��		(108,368)		(88,888)
USDA Guarantees:
USDA Securities	76,949		41,027		193,487		15,775
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	(19,626)		5,342		(78,533)		36,368
Rural Utilities:
Loans	7,786		85,623		438,062		673,930
LTSPCs	(14,100)		(8,692)		(33,326)		(33,444)
Institutional Credit:
AgVantage securities	(335,328)		(40,051)		(120,744)		355,450

Total purchases, guarantees, LTSPCs, and AgVantage securities	$	(52,820)	$	185,624	$	871,346	$	1,207,834

Our outstanding business volume was ~~$21.5~~$22.0 billion as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, a net ~~increase~~decrease of ~~$421.4~~$52.8 million from ~~December 31, 2019,~~June 30, 2020 after taking into account all new business, maturities, and ~~paydowns~~repayments on existing assets. This net ~~increase was across all four lines~~decrease consisted of ~~business: $255.9~~decreases of $335.3 million in Institutional Credit ~~$104.8~~and $6.3 million in Rural Utilities, ~~$34.6~~partially offset by increases of $231.5 million in Farm & Ranch and ~~$26.0~~$57.3 million in ~~the~~ USDA ~~Guarantees line of business.~~Guarantees.

The $255.9 million net growth in the Institutional Credit line of business during first quarter 2020 was due primarily to two large counterparties who either upsized in connection with the refinancing of maturing bonds or issued new bonds that Farmer Mac purchased, which combined for net growth of $232.4 million. We also experienced net growth from smaller fund counterparties.

The $104.8 million net growth in our Rural Utilities line of business during first quarter 2020 was primarily due to the purchase of $152.7 million in loans from the two main counterparties in that line of business, partially offset by regularly scheduled payments, prepayments, and maturities of loans previously purchased and loans under LTSPCs. Net growth in our Rural Utilities line of business also included the financing of a renewable energy project.

~~The $34.6~~$231.5 million net increase in our Farm & Ranch line of business was comprised of a ~~$81.8~~$399.5 million net increase in outstanding loan purchase volume, partially offset by ~~a $47.2~~net decreases of $159.7 million ~~net decrease~~ in loans ~~under LTSPCs.~~held in consolidated trusts and $8.3 million in loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities. The net growth in ~~first~~third quarter 2020 reflected our ability to retain borrowers in a decreasing interest rate environment by proactively engaging with our customers and adjusting their rates and loan sizes to reflect current market conditions and their specific funding needs. ~~The net growth in first quarter 2020 is also noteworthy because January 1~~^st ~~is the date with the largest number of borrower payments due each year for the loans in Farmer Mac's portfolio, with most amortizing loans having a scheduled principal payment on that date.~~ Our net growth of ~~16.2%~~21.1% in Farm & Ranch loan purchases over the twelve months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 is significantly higher than the ~~2.5%~~3.5% net growth of the overall agricultural mortgage loan market over the twelve months ended ~~December 31, 2019~~June 30, 2020 (based on our analysis of bank and Farm Credit System call report data). During third quarter 2020, Farmer Mac syndicated a $15.0 million position of a newly purchased $59.2 million agricultural loan. This transaction represents new activity for Farmer Mac to broaden its relationships across the agricultural lending spectrum.

Our USDA Guarantees line of business grew by ~~$26.0~~$57.3 million in ~~first~~third quarter 2020. The ~~first~~third quarter gross volume of ~~$147.9~~$225.5 million was the highest gross volume that we have ever recorded ~~since second quarter 2017.~~in any quarter. This growth reflected the positive effect of adjustments that we made to our product structure in the

second half of 2019 to more effectively meet customer demands in an increasingly competitive environment and in response to increased loan limits mandated by the 2018 Farm Bill described in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Outlook" in this report.

The $335.3 million net decrease in the Institutional Credit line of business during third quarter 2020 was due primarily to three large counterparties who reduced their amount of outstanding credit in connection with scheduled maturities and payments on multiple AgVantage bonds. Changes in quarterly AgVantage securities volume are primarily driven by the generally larger transaction sizes for that product, scheduled maturity amounts for a particular quarter, the liquidity needs of Farmer Mac’s AgVantage counterparties, and changes in the pricing and availability of wholesale funding.

The $6.3 million net decrease in our Rural Utilities line of business was comprised of a $14.1 million net decrease in loans under LTSPCs, partially offset by $7.8 million net increase in outstanding loan purchase volume. During the third quarter, as part of our renewable energy project finance strategic initiative, Farmer Mac purchased a $10.0 million loan in connection with a wind project financing.

The level and composition of Farmer Mac’s outstanding business volume is based on the relationship between new business, maturities, and repayments on existing assets from quarter to quarter. This relationship in turn depends on a variety of factors both internal and external to Farmer Mac. The external factors include general market forces, competition, and our counterparties’ liquidity needs, access to alternative funding, desired products, and assessment of strategic factors. The internal factors include our assessment of profitability, mission fulfillment, credit risk, and customer relationships. For more information about potential growth opportunities in Farmer Mac's lines of business, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Outlook" in this report.

The following table sets forth information about the Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities issued during the periods indicated:

Table 19


		For the Three Months Ended							For the Three Months Ended				For the Nine Months Ended
		March 31, 2020		March 31, 2019			September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019		September 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
		(in thousands)							(in thousands)
Loans securitized and sold as Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities	Loans securitized and sold as Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities	$	28,050	$	97,780	Loans securitized and sold as Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities	$	36,562	$	23,539	$	64,612	$	141,543
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	28,050		18,928		Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	—		9,506		—		57,853
AgVantage securities	AgVantage securities	560,395		825,417		AgVantage securities	211,908		402,611		1,202,327		1,887,475
Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities Issuances	Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities Issuances	$	616,495	$	942,125	Total Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities Issuances	$	248,470	$	435,656	$	1,266,939	$	2,086,871

Farmer Mac either retains the loans it purchases or securitizes them and retains or sells Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities backed by those loans. The weighted-average age of the Farm & Ranch non-delinquent eligible loans purchased and retained (excluding the purchases of defaulted loans) during both ~~first~~third quarter 2020 and 2019 was less than one year. Of those loans, ~~53%~~68% and ~~65%~~57% had principal amortization periods longer than the maturity date, resulting in balloon payments at maturity, with a weighted-average remaining term to maturity of ~~22.8~~23.2 years and ~~18.8~~15.7 years for each period, respectively.

During ~~first~~third quarter 2020 and 2019, Farmer Mac securitized some of the Farm & Ranch loans it had purchased and sold the resulting Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, as shown ~~below.~~above. During ~~first quarter~~the three

and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, Farmer Mac realized no gains or losses from the sale of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities or USDA Securities. Farmer Mac consolidates these loans and presents them as "Loans held for investment in consolidated trusts, at amortized cost" on the consolidated balance sheets. ~~In first quarter~~For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, ~~none of our~~no Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities were sold to a related party to Farmer ~~Mac, compared to first quarter~~Mac. For the same periods in 2019, ~~in which~~none and $63.1 million, respectively, of ~~our~~ Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities were sold to a related party ~~to Farmer Mac (which is related~~(related by virtue of its owning more than 10% of Farmer Mac's Class A voting common stock).

The following table sets forth information about outstanding volume in each of Farmer Mac's four lines of business as of the dates indicated:

Table 20


Lines of Business - Outstanding Business Volume	Lines of Business - Outstanding Business Volume									Lines of Business - Outstanding Business Volume
		As of March 31, 2020		As of December 31, 2019			As of September 30, 2020		As of December 31, 2019
		(in thousands)							(in thousands)
Farm & Ranch:	Farm & Ranch:					Farm & Ranch:
Loans	Loans	$	3,817,693	$	3,675,640	Loans	$	4,580,917	$	3,675,640
Loans held in trusts:	Loans held in trusts:					Loans held in trusts:
Beneficial interests owned by third party investors	Beneficial interests owned by third party investors	1,540,689		1,600,917		Beneficial interests owned by third party investors	1,276,407		1,600,917
LTSPCs	LTSPCs	2,355,910		2,393,071		LTSPCs	2,306,258		2,393,071
Guaranteed Securities	Guaranteed Securities	97,302		107,322		Guaranteed Securities	85,767		107,322
USDA Guarantees:	USDA Guarantees:					USDA Guarantees:
USDA Securities	USDA Securities	2,241,863		2,199,072		USDA Securities	2,388,033		2,199,072
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	404,343		421,103		Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	347,095		421,103
Rural Utilities:	Rural Utilities:					Rural Utilities:
Loans	Loans	1,789,726		1,671,293		Loans	2,109,355		1,671,293
LTSPCs⁽¹⁾	LTSPCs⁽¹⁾	595,685		609,278		LTSPCs(1)	575,954		609,278
Institutional Credit	Institutional Credit					Institutional Credit
AgVantage Securities	AgVantage Securities	8,696,101		8,440,246		AgVantage Securities	8,319,502		8,440,246
Total	Total	$	21,539,312	$	21,117,942	Total	$	21,989,288	$	21,117,942

⁽¹⁾As of both ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, includes $20.0 million related to one-year loan purchase commitments on which Farmer Mac receives a nominal unused commitment fee.

7287

The following table summarizes by maturity date the scheduled principal amortization of loans held, loans underlying off-balance sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities (excluding AgVantage securities) and LTSPCs, USDA Securities, and Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020:

Table 21


Schedule of Principal Amortization as of March 31, 2020
Schedule of Principal Amortization as of September 30, 2020										Schedule of Principal Amortization as of September 30, 2020
		Loans Held		Loans Underlying Off-Balance Sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs		USDA Securities and Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities		Total			Loans Held		Loans Underlying Off-Balance Sheet Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs		USDA Securities and Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities		Total
		(in thousands)															(in thousands)
2020	2020	$	186,699	$	173,573	$	82,597	$	442,869	2020	$	45,391	$	49,343	$	28,755	$	123,489
2021	2021	333,292		278,556		114,890		726,738		2021	345,908		284,701		117,967		748,576
2022	2022	293,415		224,775		117,543		635,733		2022	329,020		229,875		118,498		677,393
2023	2023	307,318		199,305		122,379		629,002		2023	336,023		207,961		122,972		666,956
2024	2024	309,324		179,630		120,344		609,298		2024	338,270		180,155		122,258		640,683
Thereafter	Thereafter	5,718,060		1,993,058		2,088,453		9,799,571		Thereafter	6,572,067		2,015,944		2,224,678		10,812,689
Total	Total	$	7,148,108	$	3,048,897	$	2,646,206	$	12,843,211	Total	$	7,966,679	$	2,967,979	$	2,735,128	$	13,669,786

Of the ~~$21.5~~$22.0 billion outstanding principal balance of volume included in Farmer Mac's four lines of business as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, ~~$8.7~~$8.3 billion were AgVantage securities included in the Institutional Credit line of business. Unlike business volume in the form of purchased loans, USDA Securities, and loans underlying LTSPCs and non-AgVantage Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, most AgVantage securities do not require periodic payments of principal based on amortization schedules and instead have fixed maturity dates when the secured general obligation is due. The following table summarizes by maturity date the outstanding principal amount of both on- and off-balance sheet AgVantage securities as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020:

Table 22


AgVantage Balances by Year of Maturity	AgVantage Balances by Year of Maturity					AgVantage Balances by Year of Maturity
		As of			As of
		March 31, 2020			September 30, 2020
		(in thousands)			(in thousands)
2020	2020	$	1,485,829	2020	$	633,585
2021	2021	1,712,562		2021	1,830,376
2022	2022	1,441,962		2022	1,585,268
2023	2023	824,370		2023	1,012,894
2024	2024	817,711		2024	828,108
Thereafter⁽¹⁾	Thereafter⁽¹⁾	2,413,667		Thereafter(1)	2,429,271
Total	Total	$	8,696,101	Total	$	8,319,502

⁽¹⁾Includes various maturities ranging from 2025 to 2044.

The weighted-average remaining maturity of the outstanding AgVantage securities shown in the table above was ~~4.9~~4.7 years as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020.

7388

Outlook

Farmer Mac continues to provide a stable source of liquidity, capital, and risk management tools as the secondary market that helps meet the financing needs of rural America. The pace of Farmer Mac’s growth will depend on the capital and liquidity needs of the lending institutions in the agricultural and rural financing business as well as the overall health of agriculture and rural borrowers in the sectors we serve.

Farmer Mac foresees opportunities for profitable growth across our lines of business driven by several key factors:

•As agricultural and rural utilities lenders seek to manage equity capital and return on equity capital requirements or seek to reduce exposure due to lending ~~limits~~ or concentration limits, Farmer Mac can provide relief for those institutions through loan and portfolio purchases, participations, guarantees, LTSPCs, or wholesale funding.

•While overall loan growth within the rural utilities industry appears to be moderate in the near term due to generally flat demand for capital, future growth opportunities may increase in Farmer Mac’s Rural Utilities line of business from deepening business relationships with eligible counterparties, broadband-related capital expenditures, and ~~exploring~~the exploration of new types of loan products. These opportunities may be limited by sector growth, credit quality, and the competitiveness of Farmer Mac’s products.

•As a result of business and product development efforts, and continued interest in the agricultural asset class from institutional investors, Farmer Mac’s customer base and product set continue to expand, which may generate more demand for Farmer Mac’s products from new sources.

•Consolidation within the agricultural finance industry, coupled with Farmer Mac’s relationships with larger regional and national lenders, continue to provide opportunities that could influence Farmer Mac’s loan demand and increase the average transaction size within Farmer Mac’s Farm & Ranch line of business.

•Expansion and refinancing opportunities for agricultural producers resulting from a decrease in interest rates have increased financing requirements for mergers and acquisitions, consolidation, and vertical integration across many sectors of the agricultural industry, which may also generate demand for Farmer Mac’s loan products.

The COVID-19 pandemic and related efforts to contain it ~~are creating extensive~~continue to create disruptions to the global ~~economy, adversely affecting~~economy. Government stimulus programs designed to mitigate the economic impacts of the pandemic as well as significant liquidity support by the Federal Reserve to facilitate the functioning of ~~financial~~the capital markets ~~increasing market uncertainty,~~has reduced volatility to the economy and ~~disrupting global trade~~the sectors we serve. However, the duration, severity, and ~~supply chains. These~~continued spread of the pandemic and the ongoing effectiveness of government efforts taken to contain COVID-19 and mitigate public health and economic effects continue to evolve and remain uncertain. For a further discussion of the uncertainties and risks associated with the COVID-19 pandemic on Farmer Mac and its business, see the factors discussed under "Risk Factors" in Part II, Item 1A of this report

Farmer Mac’s mission is to support rural America during this pandemic, and the disruptions ~~could impact or alter~~caused by COVID-19 may present some new and expanded opportunities for Farmer Mac to help meet the financing needs of rural America as well as presenting uncertainties and risks. The pandemic's effect on our growth objectives ~~given that the duration~~ and ~~full effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are rapidly evolving and still not fully known. The pandemic's impacts on our growth objectives~~outlook will depend on many factors, including:

•

The closure of county offices and reductions in available staff has negatively affected the established process for mortgages, title work, and other loan closing requirements in some areas and in many cases has delayed and may continue to delay borrowers' ability to close on their agricultural loans, which has delayed and may continue to delay our ability to purchase those loans.

•The ~~inability of~~potential negative economic impact to rural and agricultural borrowers ~~to close on renewable energy loans~~ due to ~~delays in receiving components, installation inefficiencies caused by social distancing among workers,~~a resurgence and ~~difficulties in obtaining inspections~~prolonging of the pandemic and ~~grid interconnection on~~recession, the length of time before normal economic and operating conditions can resume, and whether there are lingering effects to the economy after the COVID-19 pandemic is over as a ~~timely basis could~~ result ~~in fewer opportunities for us in~~of the ~~Rural Utilities sector.~~disruption to the global economy, the domestic agricultural economy, and recession.

•~~Responding to borrowers'~~Increasing borrower payment deferral requests and the duration of approved deferrals, including payments made to holders of Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities to cover principal and interest shortfalls, ~~and the corresponding~~could consume some capital ~~consumption could delay~~which would otherwise have been available for certain planned growth initiatives. For more information about the impact of COVID-19 on Farmer Mac's payment deferral requests received to date, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Loans and Guarantees."

•~~The economic effects~~Stress on commodity and agriculture exports as a result of ~~government and employer responses to~~global trade disruptions caused by a resurgence of the COVID-19 pandemic ~~such as decreasing production capacity to comply with social distancing requirements, may provide opportunities for Farmer Mac to provide capital~~ and geopolitical trade disputes, which could create downward pressure on commodity prices and further stress borrowers’ liquidity ~~to agricultural producers~~ and ~~rural utilities cooperatives, to help them maintain operations or as they face drawing on their reserves during this crisis.~~

•Many states have imposed a moratorium from shutting off electrical service to customers due to the non-payment of power bills. The degree to which this will affect the financial condition of the cooperative utilities financed by Farmer Mac remains unclear. The potential need for temporary liquidity on the part of cooperative utilities could present opportunities for Farmer Mac to provide financing.negatively impact loan growth opportunities.

•The ~~impact~~inability of ~~aggressive~~borrowers in the pandemic to close on agricultural or renewable energy loans due to limited access to local or state administrative offices, delays in receiving equipment components, installation inefficiencies caused by social distancing ~~requirements has caused some borrowers’ operations~~among workers, and difficulties in obtaining inspections and grid interconnection on a timely basis could limit our opportunities to ~~close~~purchase agricultural or ~~be significantly reduced, which may have the effect~~renewable energy loans.

•Delays and postponements of ~~delaying or postponing~~ planned or potential mergers and acquisitions, consolidations, and vertical integrations as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and, consequently, ~~reducing~~a potential reduction in the need for Farmer Mac’s products and services until ~~these effects subside.~~the global economy recovers and the flow of transactions returns to pre-pandemic levels.

•AsDisruptions in the capital markets and the widening of credit spreads could impact Farmer Mac’s funding costs and could result in higher interest rates charged for our products and services, which could adversely affect our competitiveness in the sectors we serve.

•If borrowers ~~may~~ seek to obtain additional financing and liquidity from lenders to maintain operations and production during this time, or to make up for lost productivity due to shutdowns, delays, and social distancing requirements, these short-term funding requirements could create additional growth opportunities for Farmer Mac as other lenders look to manage lending limits and credit concentrations as short-term financing demands arise.

•Financial market volatility, coupled with uncertainty regarding the long-term impacts of the pandemic, is causing some financial institutions to delay or cease capital deployment to many sectors that Farmer Mac serves. While these reductions could reduce our loan purchase opportunities, Farmer Mac could also provide a much-needed source of secondary market liquidity to help stimulate capital deployment during this time of uncertainty.

•

The disruptions in capital markets and the widening of credit spreads could impact Farmer Mac’s funding costs and could result in higher interest rates charged for our products and services, which could adversely affect our competitiveness in the sectors we serve.

Operating Expense. Farmer Mac continues to expand its investments in human capital, technology, and business infrastructure to increase capacity and efficiency as it seeks to accommodate its growth opportunities and achieve its long-term strategic objectives. Accordingly, Farmer Mac expects continued increases in its operating expenses over the next several ~~years.~~years corresponding to business and revenue growth. We expect these efforts to continue and increase ~~through 2020~~over the next 12 - 18 months as we innovate and grow our business.

Operations. On March 12, 2020, Farmer Mac activated its business continuity plan and has been operating ~~uninterrupted~~uninterruptedly since then, with all of its employees working remotely from their homes. Farmer Mac has provided guidance and support to all of its employees to ensure that they have the tools and knowledge needed to effectively work from home, and Farmer Mac’s technology platform and business continuity plan have been functioning as designed in support of all functions of the organization with no

material disruption of business. As a secondary market participant in the agricultural and rural utility lending space, Farmer Mac's business model is already based on a remote interface with its customers and vendors. We do not expect Farmer Mac's remote-working environment to have a material effect on our operations either in the near term or for the foreseeable future. As a secondary market participant in the agricultural and rural utility lending space, Farmer Mac's business model is already based on remote interface with its customers and vendors. As of the date of this report, we have not identified any significant disruptions with our primary vendors (including our loan servicers) that we expect would materially affect our business operations.

Agricultural Industry. The agricultural industry includes many diverse sectors that respond in different ways to changes in economic conditions. Those individual sectors often are affected differently, sometimes positively and sometimes negatively, by prevailing domestic and global economic factors and regional weather conditions. The interconnectedness between sectors typically results in cycles where one or more segments may be under stress while others are not.

~~Through disrupted supply chains and commodity demand, the~~The COVID-19 pandemic ~~is pressuring farm incomes in 2020. Net cash income, one of the USDA’s benchmark measures of economic activity in~~continues to impact the agricultural ~~industry, has leveled off near the long-run, inflation-adjusted historical average for the sector. Mandatory~~sector, although economic conditions continued to improve during third quarter 2020. Sudden school and restaurant closures in March and April ~~in many states~~ dramatically ~~changed~~altered the supply and demand functions for food. U.S. Census Advance Retail Sales Data indicates that, after dropping 50 percent in April, U.S. consumer spending for food services away from home rebounded to 85 percent of pre-pandemic levels. Much of the decline has been picked up in consumer spending at grocery stores, which was up more than 10 percent in September 2020 compared to the prior year. Farm production ~~particularly~~and food processing take a higher net margin of the food dollar spent at home, so the shift of consumer spending on food at home could offset some of the losses from sales to restaurants and schools. According to data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration, after dropping nearly 50 percent in April, ethanol production rebounded to over 90 percent of pre-pandemic levels through October as drivers returned to the ~~protein and fresh fruit and produce sectors. The reduction in gasoline consumption during those months eroded~~roads. Ethanol is a primary demand driver for ~~ethanol, and many plants cut production in response, which reduced corn purchases. The global demand for soybeans and cotton fell short of expectations as well. Nearly all primary~~corn. Many agricultural commodity prices, ~~fell~~rebounded significantly in ~~first quarter 2020~~September and October on reduced global supplies and increased foreign demand, particularly from China. Farm labor and food processing worker health and availability remain a top industry concern as a ~~result~~resurgence of ~~changing market dynamics. The combined effects of~~COVID-19 cases could adversely affect the ~~pandemic will likely result in lower total farm revenue in 2020. While Farmer Mac has no direct exposure to cattle or hog~~food processing ~~the Farm & Ranch portfolio does include some direct exposure to dairy processing ($21 million)~~industry again this year and hog production ($40 million) and larger exposures to indirectly impacted industries like corn and soybeans ($2.4 billion), cattle and calves ($0.7 billion), and dairy ($0.5 billion). For more information on Farmer Mac's commodity concentration levels and cumulative losses, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Loans and Guarantees."into 2021.

The decline in revenue ~~has~~experienced by many agricultural producers during the first nine months of 2020 had multiple ~~potential~~ offsets to help support producers’ profitability. First, farm expenses fell for many producers during the first ~~quarter~~half of 2020. Lower energy prices improved the cost of fuel and fertilizer ahead of the planting season. Lower grain prices in the second quarter led to a temporary decrease in animal feed input costs, and lower replacement animal prices improved the cost structure for many protein producers. Second, ~~there was~~USDA issued a final ~~cash payment from the 2019~~$3.7 billion Market Facilitation Program (MFP) ~~for many crop and protein producers. The USDA has expressed its plans to pay nearly $3.7 billion in assistance payments from last year’s MFP program~~cash payment in April and May ~~2020.~~2020 to address market losses from trade disruptions. Third, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Congress passed a series of measures, including the CARES Act on March 27, 2020, which provided over $2 trillion in economic stimulus to support various aspects of the U.S. economy. The

CARES Act contained a $9.5 billion emergency fund for the USDA aimed toward providing help to livestock, dairy, and produce providers who sell locally. It also included a $14 billion replenishment of the Commodity Credit Corporation ("CCC"), a line of credit at the U.S. Treasury Department that USDA can use to help crop and livestock producers. In April 2020, the USDA announced athat it would provide $19 billion ~~emergency aid package, including~~of assistance through the Coronavirus Food Assistance Program ("CFAP"). CFAP used the funding and authorities provided in the CARES Act, the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, and other USDA existing authorities to provide $16 billion in direct payments to distribute to producers ~~in May or June 2020~~ and $3 billion in food purchases. ~~It is expected that~~As of October 25, 2020, the USDA ~~will receive an additional~~had distributed $10.3 billion in CFAP payments. Farmers and ranchers were also eligible to participate in the Small Business Administration’s Paycheck Protection Program (PPP). Through the close of the PPP application period of August 8, 2020, more than $8.1 billion in PPP loans had been disbursed to businesses involved in agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting. Finally, on September 17, 2020, the USDA announced the second round of CFAP funding through the authorities of the CCC for up to $14 billion in ~~authorized funding~~direct support for eligible commodities ("CFAP 2"). As of October 25, 2020, the USDA had distributed more than $7.6 billion in ~~July 2020, giving the department more resources to support farmers, ranchers, and the American food, fiber, and fuel system later in the growing season.~~payments through CFAP 2.

Farmland values have ~~continued to increase on average,~~held steady in early 2020 after rising at approximately the rate of inflation for the last two years. Data released in ~~2019~~2020 by the USDA indicates an average ~~decrease~~increase in farm real estate values of 0.2% in ~~2019~~2020 in Corn Belt states (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Missouri, and Ohio), but ~~an increase~~a decrease of ~~2.8%~~2.3% in Northern Plains states (Kansas, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota). In all other regions, farmland value averages are reported to be flat to increasing. The COVID-19 pandemic has slowed public auctions and sales in 2020, but transactions ~~are progressing~~have picked up in the third quarter, and values ~~were holding~~have been largely level through much of the ~~first quarter.~~year. While regional averages for farmland values provide a good barometer for the overall movement

in U.S. farmland values, economic forces affecting land markets are highly localized, and some markets may experience greater volatility than state or national averages indicate.

Over the past few decades, the U.S. agricultural industry has become increasingly connected to global trade, and agricultural export demand depends significantly on trading relationships in numerous foreign markets, as well as on foreign exchange rates. A prolonged decline in global economic growth or continued tightening in trade policies and agreements could adversely affect the demand for certain U.S. agricultural exports, which may result in downward pressure on commodity prices. Also, the strength of the U.S. dollar relative to trading-partner currencies has been elevated since 2016 (as measured by the U.S. Dollar Index). A strong U.S. dollar decreases the competitiveness of U.S. agricultural exports by raising U.S. prices relative to other countries’ producers. The value of the U.S. dollar weakened in the second and third quarters, providing some relief to export sales. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to disrupt global demand for U.S. agriculture ~~throughout 2020. However, free-trade~~into 2021 due to lower incomes and reduced economic activity. Many of the primary trading partners and the U.S. maintain good trade relations evidenced by recently-enacted free trade agreements ~~with~~(e.g., Canada, Mexico, and ~~Japan as well as positive trade talks with~~Japan). Agricultural export sales to China are up year-to-date in 2020 compared to 2019, but there exists considerable uncertainty surrounding growth expectations for this market.

Weather conditions also play a sizable role in agricultural economic conditions. While growing conditions were generally favorable in the ~~U.K.,~~Midwest for much of the year, severe storms can significantly damage crops. An intense derecho thunderstorm in August 2020 affected thousands of acres across Iowa and Illinois, lowering state-specific grain yield expectations. Damage from those types of weather events is generally covered by federal crop insurance policies, and roughly 95 percent of corn and soybean acres in Iowa and Illinois are covered by crop insurance according to USDA data. Wildfires are another weather event that can adversely affect agricultural production. The 2020 California wildfire season has been one

of the worst in recent history, and the ~~E.U. present strong opportunities for export markets when COVID-19 recedes.~~California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection estimates that over four million acres have burned through October 25, 2020. Much of California agriculture lies in valleys that were not directly affected by active fires. Approximately 1% of Farmer Mac’s Farm & Ranch portfolio is located in Napa or Sonoma Counties, where the Glass Fire caused significant direct and indirect damage to vineyards and wineries. Farmer Mac will continue to monitor exposure to the wildfires, but initial indications show limited exposure.

Farmer Mac has experienced higher 90-day delinquencies and substandard asset ratings in recent quarters. The increase is a function of agricultural cycles trending toward tighter industry profitability levels compared to peaks experienced from 2012 to 2015. To date, the fluctuations in 90-day delinquencies and the increase in substandard assets have not yet translated into rising credit losses. Farmer Mac believes that its portfolio is highly diversified, both geographically and by commodity and that its portfolio has been underwritten to high credit quality standards. Therefore, Farmer Mac believes that its portfolio is well-positioned to endure reasonably foreseeable volatility in commodity prices and farmland values. However, the COVID-19 pandemic and a subsequent economic downturn increases the level of uncertainty inherent in the agricultural credit sector and could alter the trajectory of the current agricultural cycle. A prolonged disruption may result in elevated loan delinquencies, and a higher percentage of loans rated substandard as more payments ~~become~~reach 90-days past their July 1 payment due ~~in July.~~date. Loan deferments approved by Farmer Mac through ~~May 1,~~September 30, 2020 represent ~~1 percent~~1.7% of ~~the Farm & Ranch portfolio, but this level could also rise~~our total outstanding business volume, as more loans reach payment due dates in July. Finally, the $3.8 million increase in Farmer Mac’s allowance for credit losses in first quarter 2020 reflects the current expected increased default and substandard rates in future periods.measured by unpaid principal balance. This amount could fluctuate in future quarters based on loan performance and economic conditions in the coming ~~months.~~months, but roughly 80 percent of Farm & Ranch and USDA loans made a payment between April 1 and September 30. For more information about the loan balances, loan-to-value ratios, 90-day delinquencies, and substandard asset rate for the Farm & Ranch loans in Farmer Mac’s portfolio as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Loans and Guarantees."

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and the related economic effects, Congress passed a series of stimulus measures, including the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the "CARES Act"), which contained over $23 billion directed to agricultural and commodity support. For more information on the CARES Act, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Regulatory Matters." In addition to legislation and stimulus in response to COVID-19, Farmer Mac continues to monitor the establishment and evolution of legislation and regulations that could affect farmers, ranchers, rural lenders, and rural America in general. The Agricultural Improvement Act of 2018, also referred to as the "Farm Bill," included a provision that amends Farmer Mac's charter to expand the acreage exception to the loan amount limitation on Farm & Ranch loans (currently $13.2 million) from 1,000 acres to 2,000 acres, subject to assessment by Farmer Mac's prudential regulator, the Farm Credit Administration ("FCA"), of the feasibility of the change, which it submitted to Congress on June 18, 2019. In that assessment, FCA concluded that increasing the acreage exception from 1,000 to 2,000 acres is feasible, would not raise any safety and soundness concerns, and would provide additional farming operations unconstrained access to Farmer Mac’s secondary market. Accordingly, the acreage exception will increase to 2,000 acres on June 18, 2020, meaning that the statutory loan amount limitation will not apply to Farm & Ranch loans secured by 2,000 acres of agricultural real estate or less. Farmer Mac will continue to evaluate this future increase in the

~~acreage limitation to determine the potential benefits to Farmer Mac's customers and the related effects on our business.~~

~~Under the Farm Bill,~~increased the authorized limit for the amount of new guarantees issued by the USDA under the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (which are eligible for Farmer Mac's USDA Guarantees line of business) ~~was increased~~ from $3.026 billion to $7.0 billion for each government fiscal year through September 2023. Also, the limit for the size of individual loans to which these guarantees are applied was increased from $1.399 million to $1.75 million, which thereby increases the authorized amount of the USDA-guaranteed portion for an individual loan. These higher loan limits ~~likely~~ contributed to additional growth in the USDA Guarantees purchased by Farmer Mac ~~during first quarter 2020, and they could result~~ in ~~more increases in new business volume in our USDA Guarantees line of business in the future.~~2020.

Farmer Mac also continues to monitor state legislation and regulations that could impact U.S. agriculture. For example, groundwater management regulations, including in California, may result in tighter restrictions on groundwater usage that could affect agricultural producers in the future. Farmer Mac will monitor the effects that any changes in legislation or regulation (federal or state) could have on Farmer Mac or its customers.

Rural Utilities Industry.

The rural energy industry has less cyclicality than the agricultural sector, but does trend with conditions in the general economy. Higher levels of unemployment and adverse credit markets are typically associated with drops in energy demand (i.e., lower commercial, industrial, or residential demand) and increases in industry ratings downgrades. The economic distress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has led to

historic levels of unemployment as well as reduced demand from the commercial and industrial sectors. According to data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration, electricity sales to commercial and industrial consumers dropped 8 percent year-to-date through August 2020 compared to 2019. However, residential sales during the same period were up 3 percent compared to 2019 as residents spent more time at home during state, local, and self-imposed quarantines. Residential power sales are typically significantly more profitable than those for commercial and industrial consumers, thus some of the profitability reduction from the loss of commercial and industrial sales can be offset by the change in sales mix. Sector sales mix varies from utility to utility based on the characteristics of the region served by the utility, so the degree of profitability offset will differ. Some rural electric cooperatives participated in the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) and received forgivable loans through that program, which are another potential source to offset any profitability reduction. The COVID-19 pandemic has also highlighted the greater need for and interest in access to broadband internet in rural areas, and there was more than $300 million in support authorized in the CARES Act to support healthcare industry telecommunications and rural broadband grants. Farmer Mac expects the heightened level of uncertainty surrounding the economic impacts of COVID-19 to continue throughout 2020, however through mid-2020 Farmer Mac has not observed material degradation in the financial performance of its Rural Utilities portfolio.

During the first nine months of 2020, the sudden decrease of interest rates to historic lows drove a significant amount of financing activity on the part of rural electric cooperatives. Prospects for loan growth within the rural utilities industry overall appear to be moderate in the ~~near~~short to medium term ~~due to generally flat demand for capital,~~ as ongoing normal-course capital expenditures ~~for large generation assets have decreased~~related to maintaining and ~~increased revenues for electrical cooperatives have driven a de-leveraging trend.~~upgrading utility infrastructure continue at typical levels. Farmer Mac's future growth opportunities for lending to the electrical cooperative industry may be affected by the demand for electric power in rural areas, capital expenditures by electric cooperatives driven by regulatory or technological changes, the continuation of a low interest rate environment, and competitive dynamics within the rural utilities cooperative finance industry. However, the Federal Communication Commission’s upcoming Rural Development Opportunity Fund (RDOF) auction for up to $16 billion in broadband-related operating cost subsidies may provide a catalyst for capital demands from rural electric cooperatives who seek to develop and deploy broadband services. The ~~retirement of coal generation assets,~~ growth in renewable energy generation, deployment of energy storage technologies, expansion of broadband service in rural areas, and the deepening of relationships with new and existing counterparties, all may provide new business opportunities for Farmer Mac. To address some of these trends, Farmer Mac has deployed new financing products tailored to the renewable energy sector, which represents a new market opportunity for Farmer Mac. Under this new program, Farmer Mac purchased ~~a participation interest in a solar project financing in late 2019 and additional~~ solar project participation interests from a new counterparty during first quarter 2020 as well as wind project participation interests from an existing counterparty in third quarter 2020. Farmer Mac anticipates further growth in this area during the remainder of 2020.

7894

Balance Sheet Review

The following table summarizes the balance sheet as of the periods indicated:

Table 23


		As of								Change								As of					Change
		March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019		$			%			September 30, 2020			December 31, 2019		$			%
		(in thousands)																			(in thousands)
Assets	Assets											Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,231,585		$	604,381	$	627,204		104	%	Cash and cash equivalents	$	910,592		$	604,381	$	306,211		51	%
Investment securities, net of allowance	Investment securities, net of allowance	3,006,189			3,004,875		1,314			—	%	Investment securities, net of allowance	3,577,222			3,004,875		572,347			19	%
Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, net of allowance	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, net of allowance	9,035,069			8,590,476		444,593			5	%	Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, net of allowance	8,712,208			8,590,476		121,732			1	%
USDA Securities	USDA Securities	2,278,019			2,241,073		36,946			2	%	USDA Securities	2,417,678			2,241,073		176,605			8	%
Loans, net of allowance	Loans, net of allowance	7,315,224			6,981,440		333,784			5	%	Loans, net of allowance	8,105,647			6,981,440		1,124,207			16	%
Other	Other	314,024			287,129		26,895			9	%	Other	275,490			287,129		(11,639)			(4)	%
Total assets	Total assets	$	23,180,110	23,180,110	$	21,709,374	$	1,470,736		7	%	Total assets	$	23,998,837	23,998,837	$	21,709,374	$	2,289,463		11	%
Liabilities	Liabilities											Liabilities
Notes Payable	Notes Payable	20,665,020			19,098,648		1,566,372			8	%	Notes Payable	21,589,285			19,098,648		2,490,637			13	%
Other	Other	1,821,473			1,811,450		10,023			1	%	Other	1,479,207			1,811,450		(332,243)			(18)	%
Total liabilities	Total liabilities	$	22,486,493		$	20,910,098	$	1,576,395	1576395	8	%	Total liabilities	$	23,068,492		$	20,910,098	$	2,158,394	2158394	10	%
Total equity	Total equity	693,617			799,276		(105,659)			(13)	%	Total equity	930,345			799,276		131,069			16	%
Total liabilities and equity	Total liabilities and equity	$	23,180,110		$	21,709,374	$	1,470,736		7	%	Total liabilities and equity	$	23,998,837		$	21,709,374	$	2,289,463		11	%

Assets. The increase in total assets was primarily attributable to the net growth in our outstanding business volume across ~~all~~most lines of business.

The increase in cash and cash equivalents and investment securities was primarily due to a decision to increase our liquidity investment portfolio due to the COVID-19 pandemic and to support our program asset growth.

Liabilities. The increase in total liabilities was primarily due to an increase in total notes payable to support our program asset growth.

Equity. The ~~decrease~~increase in total equity was primarily due to the issuance of the Series E Preferred Stock and the Series F Preferred Stock and an increase in net income. These increases were partially offset by the redemption of the Series A Preferred stock and an increase in other comprehensive losses, net of tax, primarily due to decreases in the fair value of available-for-sale securities and financial derivatives designated in cash flow hedge accounting relationships.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Farmer Mac offers approved lenders two credit enhancement alternatives to increase their liquidity or lending capacity while retaining the cash flow benefits of their loans: (1) Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, which are available through each of the Farm & Ranch, USDA Guarantees, Rural Utilities, and Institutional Credit lines of business; and (2) LTSPCs, which are available through the Farm & Ranch and Rural Utilities lines of business. For securitization trusts where Farmer Mac is the primary beneficiary, the trust assets and liabilities are included on Farmer Mac's consolidated balance sheet. For securitization trusts where Farmer Mac is not the primary beneficiary and in the event of de-consolidation, both of these

alternatives create off-balance sheet obligations for Farmer Mac. See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements for more information about consolidation and Farmer Mac's off-balance sheet business activities.

Risk Management

Credit Risk – Loans and Guarantees.

COVID-19

Farmer Mac continues to monitor the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Farmer Mac's credit risk related to Farmer Mac's borrower exposures. Since first quarter 2020, Farmer Mac has seen an increase in payment deferment requests from its network of loan servicers on behalf of borrowers in Farmer Mac's Farm & Ranch loan portfolio, although deferment requests have been below our expectations. Our early expectations for payment deferment requests were based on forecasts provided by other GSEs and ~~we expect these requests to increase over the near term.~~other Farm Credit System institutions. To address ~~these~~the requests that we have received, Farmer Mac has established criteria for approval of payment deferments for borrowers impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and have communicated these criteria to key counterparties. Farmer Mac will monitor the criteria as the impact of the pandemic continues to unfold and determine if any changes should be ~~incorporated.~~made. Most of the payment deferments Farmer Mac has approved and executed for loans it has purchased or securitized in its Farm & Ranch portfolio have been for ~~three~~up to six months, with the deferred principal and interest payments ~~re-amortized~~capitalized into the ~~outstanding~~unpaid principal balance ~~at the end~~ of the ~~deferral period.~~loan. The unpaid principal balance is then re-amortized over the remaining term of the loan. Approved and executed payment deferments for loans in ~~LTSPC~~LTSPCs have varied from three-month payment deferments for principal and interest to deferred ~~interest only~~interest-only payments for up to twelve months, depending on the applicable LTSPC lender's deferment policy. As of September 30, 2020, we have executed payment deferments in the Farm & Ranch and USDA Securities portfolios related to an aggregate of $374.5 million of unpaid principal balances, which represents 1.70% of our total outstanding business volume. The period of time covered by the payment deferments is typically in the range of three to six months. At the end of each payment deferment, the principal and interest related to the approved deferments will be capitalized into the outstanding unpaid principal balance and amortized over the remaining life of the loan. As of October 15, 2020, $4.6 million of Farm & Ranch COVID-19 deferments have been repaid in full, and another $153.3 million of Farm & Ranch COVID-19 deferments have ended their deferment periods and none are delinquent.

In addition, FCA has issued regulatory guidance encouraging Farmer Mac to work with its lending and servicing partners in approving and executing servicing actions for borrowers impacted by COVID-19. The table below presents ~~approved~~a cumulative summary of COVID-19 payment deferments through ~~May 1,~~September 30, 2020 in the Farm & Ranch line of business. Farmer Mac has not received any payment deferment requests in the Rural Utilities line of ~~business~~business. For more information about FCA's regulatory guidance related to the COVID-19 pandemic, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Regulatory Matters."

Table 24


Farm & Ranch COVID-19 Deferments through May 1, 2020
Program		Number of Loans Approved	Unpaid Principal Balance
Farm & Ranch COVID-19 Deferments Summary					Farm & Ranch COVID-19 Deferments Summary

						As of September 30, 2020(1)
						Unpaid Principal Balance
		(in thousands, except loan counts)								Requested, but not yet Approved		Approved, but not yet Executed		Not Approved		Approved and Executed
Farm & Ranch:	Farm & Ranch:				Farm & Ranch:	(in thousands)
On-balance sheet:					On-balance sheet:
Loans held for investment					Loans held for investment	$	289			$	34,451	$	445	$	72,875
Loans held in consolidated trusts	Loans held in consolidated trusts	26	$	25,412	Loans held in consolidated trusts	—				4,469		1,153		32,402
Loans held for investment		19	18,358
On-balance sheet total					On-balance sheet total	$	289			$	38,920	$	1,598	$	105,277
Off-balance sheet:					Off-balance sheet:
LTSPCs	LTSPCs	26	35,147		LTSPCs	578				27,956		4,369		185,364
Total		71	$	78,917
Farm & Ranch Total					Farm & Ranch Total	$	867	$	—	$	66,876	$	5,967	$	290,641
USDA:					USDA:
USDA Securities					USDA Securities	$	17,707			$	816	$	5,985	$	78,233
Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities					Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities	333				—		2,129		5,577
USDA Total					USDA Total	$	18,040			$	816	$	8,114	$	83,810

Farm & Ranch and USDA Total Deferments					Farm & Ranch and USDA Total Deferments	$	18,907			$	67,692	$	14,081	$	374,451

(1)Loans under a COVID-19 deferment are not considered to be past due.

Farm & Ranch

Farmer Mac's direct credit exposure to Farm & Ranch loans held and loans underlying Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 was ~~$7.8~~$8.2 billion across 48 states. For more information about Farmer Mac's underwriting and collateral valuation standards for Farm & Ranch loans, see "Business—Farmer Mac's Lines of Business—Farm & Ranch—Underwriting and Collateral Valuation (Appraisal) Standards" in Farmer Mac’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on February 25, 2020.

Farmer Mac has indirect credit exposure to the Farm & Ranch loans that secure AgVantage securities included in the Institutional Credit line of business. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac had not experienced any credit losses on any AgVantage securities. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Institutional" for more information about Farmer Mac's credit risk on AgVantage securities.

Farmer Mac considers a loan's original loan-to-value ratio as one of many factors in evaluating loss severity. Loan-to-value ratios depend on the market value of a property, as determined in accordance with Farmer Mac's collateral valuation standards. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the average unpaid ~~loan~~principal balances for loans outstanding in the Farm & Ranch line of business was ~~$686,000~~$731,000 and $683,000, respectively. Farmer Mac calculates the "original loan-to-value" ratio of a loan by dividing the original loan principal balance by the original appraised property value. This calculation does not reflect any amortization of the original loan balance or any adjustment to the original appraised value to provide a current market value. The original loan-to-value ratio of any cross-collateralized loans is calculated on a combined basis rather than on a loan-by-loan basis. The weighted-average original loan-to-value ratio for Farm & Ranch loans purchased during ~~first~~third quarter 2020 was ~~54%~~43%, compared to ~~48%~~51% for

loans purchased during ~~first~~third quarter 2019. The weighted-average original loan-to-value ratio for all Farm & Ranch loans held and all loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs was 52% and 51% as of ~~both March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, ~~2019.~~2019, respectively. The weighted-average original loan-to-value ratio for all 90-day delinquencies was ~~49%~~50% and 53% as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

The weighted-average current loan-to-value ratio (the loan to-value ratio based on original appraised value and current outstanding loan amount adjusted to reflect amortization) for Farm & Ranch loans held and loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs was 45% as of both ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

For more information about the credit quality of Farmer Mac's Farm & Ranch portfolio and the associated allowance for losses please refer to Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements.

Activity affecting the allowance for loan losses and reserve for losses is discussed in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations—Provision for and Release of Allowance for Loan Losses and Reserve for Losses."

Farmer Mac's 90-day delinquency measure includes loans 90 days or more past due, as well as loans in foreclosure and non-performing loans where the borrower is in bankruptcy. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac's 90-day delinquencies were ~~$79.7~~$88.0 million ~~(1.02%~~(1.07% of the Farm & Ranch portfolio), compared to $68.7 million (0.86% of the Farm & Ranch portfolio) as of June 30, 2020 and $61.0 million (0.78% of the Farm & Ranch portfolio) as of December 31, 2019. Those 90-day delinquencies were comprised of 7262 delinquent loans as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, compared to 54 delinquent loans as of June 30, 2020 and 57 delinquent loans as of December 31, 2019. The sequential increase in 90-day delinquencies is primarily due to the seasonal ~~delinquencies~~payment pattern associated with loans that have annual (January 1st) and semi-annual (January 1st and July 1st) payment terms, which account for most of the loans in the Farm & Ranch portfolio. In addition, the sequential increase was driven by two commodity groups: (1) agricultural storage and processing, and (2) crops. The other commodity groups either experienced decreases or remained constant. The top ten borrower exposures over 90 days delinquent represented over half of the 90-day delinquencies as of March 31, 2020.

Farmer Mac's 90-day delinquencies have historically fluctuated from quarter to quarter, both in dollars and as a percentage of the outstanding Farm & Ranch portfolio, with higher levels generally observed at the end of the first and third quarters and lower levels generally observed at the end of the second and fourth quarters of each year as a result of the annual (January 1st) and semi-annual (January 1st and July 1st) payment terms of most Farm & Ranch loans. The sequential increase in 90-day delinquencies was driven by two commodity groups – crops and livestock. The other commodity groups either experienced decreases or remained stable. The top ten borrower exposures over 90 days delinquent represented over half of the 90-day delinquencies as of September 30, 2020. Loans under COVID-19 deferment are not considered past due and are not included in our delinquent loan statistics. Farmer Mac believes that it remains adequately collateralized on its delinquent loans. ~~The COVID-19 pandemic is expected to negatively impact our 90-day delinquency rate, but the full extent of the impact remains to be seen.~~

Our 90-day delinquency rate as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 ~~currently approximates~~exceeded Farmer Mac's historical average. In the near-term, our delinquency rate is expected to exceed our historical average ~~(which it did in third quarter 2017),~~ due to the expected impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the agricultural economy. Farmer Mac's average 90-day delinquency rate as a percentage of its Farm & Ranch portfolio over the last 15 years is approximately 1%. The highest 90-day delinquency rate observed during that period occurred in 2009 at approximately 2%, which coincided with increased delinquencies in loans within Farmer Mac's then-held ethanol loan portfolio that Farmer Mac no longer holds.

The following table presents historical information about Farmer Mac's 90-day delinquencies in the Farm & Ranch line of business compared to the unpaid principal balance of all Farm & Ranch loans held and loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs:

Table 25


		Farm & Ranch Line of Business		90-Day Delinquencies		Percentage			Farm & Ranch Line of Business		90-Day Delinquencies		Percentage
		(dollars in thousands)											(dollars in thousands)
As of:	As of:							As of:
September 30, 2020								September 30, 2020	$	8,249,349	$	88,041	1.07	%
June 30, 2020								June 30, 2020	8,017,850		68,682		0.86	%
March 31, 2020	March 31, 2020	$	7,811,594	$	79,722	1.02	%	March 31, 2020	7,811,594		79,722		1.02	%
December 31, 2019	December 31, 2019	7,776,950		60,954		0.78	%	December 31, 2019	7,776,950		60,954		0.78	%
September 30, 2019	September 30, 2019	7,393,728		59,691		0.81	%	September 30, 2019	7,393,728		59,691		0.81	%
June 30, 2019	June 30, 2019	7,291,352		28,045		0.38	%	June 30, 2019	7,291,352		28,045		0.38	%
March 31, 2019	March 31, 2019	7,215,585		52,366		0.73	%	March 31, 2019	7,215,585		52,366		0.73	%
December 31, 2018	December 31, 2018	7,233,971		26,881		0.37	%	December 31, 2018	7,233,971		26,881		0.37	%
September 30, 2018	September 30, 2018	7,072,018		37,545		0.53	%	September 30, 2018	7,072,018		37,545		0.53	%
June 30, 2018		7,045,397		43,076		0.61	%
March 31, 2018		6,932,002		47,560		0.69	%

Across all of Farmer Mac's lines of business, 90-day delinquencies represented ~~0.37%~~0.40% of total outstanding business volume as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, compared to 0.29% as of December 31, 2019 and 0.29% as of September 30, 2019. The following table presents outstanding Farm & Ranch loans held and loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and 90-day delinquencies as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 by year of origination, geographic region, commodity/collateral type, original loan-to-value ratio, and range in the size of borrower exposure:

8299

Table 26


Farm & Ranch 90-Day Delinquencies as of March 31, 2020
Farm & Ranch 90-Day Delinquencies as of September 30, 2020										Farm & Ranch 90-Day Delinquencies as of September 30, 2020
		Distribution of Farm & Ranch Line of Business		Farm & Ranch Line of Business		90-Day Delinquencies⁽¹⁾		Percentage			Distribution of Farm & Ranch Line of Business		Farm & Ranch Line of Business		90-Day Delinquencies(1)		Percentage
		(dollars in thousands)															(dollars in thousands)
By year of origination:	By year of origination:									By year of origination:
2010 and prior	2010 and prior	10	%	$	717,613	$	6,198	0.86	%	2010 and prior	8	%	$	629,983	$	6,095	0.97	%
2011	2011	2	%	156,035		1,242		0.80	%	2011	2	%	141,080		921		0.65	%
2012	2012	5	%	403,866		1,377		0.34	%	2012	4	%	345,488		—		—	%
2013	2013	8	%	614,760		5,513		0.90	%	2013	6	%	495,888		2,548		0.51	%
2014	2014	6	%	504,681		4,974		0.99	%	2014	5	%	415,424		1,383		0.33	%
2015	2015	9	%	674,217		1,986		0.29	%	2015	7	%	579,321		6,600		1.14	%
2016	2016	13	%	1,021,637		21,618		2.12	%	2016	11	%	917,149		24,209		2.64	%
2017	2017	15	%	1,152,060		30,766		2.67	%	2017	12	%	985,401		25,327		2.57	%
2018	2018	12	%	943,163		4,498		0.48	%	2018	10	%	867,825		8,604		0.99	%
2019	2019	16	%	1,274,305		1,550		0.12	%	2019	15	%	1,205,009		10,250		0.85	%
2020	2020	4	%	349,257		—		0.12	%	2020	20	%	1,666,781		2,104		0.85	%
Total	Total	100	%	$	7,811,594	$	79,722	1.02	%	Total	100	%	$	8,249,349	$	88,041	1.07	%
By geographic region⁽²⁾:	By geographic region⁽²⁾:									By geographic region(2):
Northwest	Northwest	12	%	$	964,613	$	17,008	1.76	%	Northwest	12	%	$	1,015,736	$	12,122	1.19	%
Southwest	Southwest	33	%	2,592,832		16,713		0.64	%	Southwest	34	%	2,802,361		13,036		0.47	%
Mid-North	Mid-North	30	%	2,328,418		28,813		1.24	%	Mid-North	29	%	2,362,710		30,314		1.28	%
Mid-South	Mid-South	12	%	951,290		5,753		0.60	%	Mid-South	13	%	1,068,422		17,168		1.61	%
Northeast	Northeast	5	%	356,692		2,746		0.77	%	Northeast	4	%	357,810		4,013		1.12	%
Southeast	Southeast	8	%	617,749		8,689		1.41	%	Southeast	8	%	642,310		11,388		1.77	%
Total	Total	100	%	$	7,811,594	$	79,722	1.02	%	Total	100	%	$	8,249,349	$	88,041	1.07	%
By commodity/collateral type:	By commodity/collateral type:									By commodity/collateral type:
Crops	Crops	50	%	$	3,914,569	$	34,995	0.89	%	Crops	51	%	$	4,200,252	$	49,766	1.18	%
Permanent plantings	Permanent plantings	23	%	1,779,827		14,286		0.80	%	Permanent plantings	23	%	1,922,741		8,388		0.44	%
Livestock	Livestock	19	%	1,479,442		16,921		1.14	%	Livestock	19	%	1,513,137		16,823		1.11	%
Part-time farm	Part-time farm	7	%	543,289		655		0.12	%	Part-time farm	6	%	485,778		145		0.03	%
Ag. Storage and Processing	Ag. Storage and Processing	1	%	87,591		12,865		14.69	%	Ag. Storage and Processing	1	%	109,369		12,865		11.76	%
Other	Other	—		6,876		—		—	%	Other	—		18,072		54		0.30	%
Total	Total	100	%	$	7,811,594	$	79,722	1.02	%	Total	100	%	$	8,249,349	$	88,041	1.07	%
By original loan-to-value ratio:	By original loan-to-value ratio:									By original loan-to-value ratio:
0.00% to 40.00%	0.00% to 40.00%	18	%	$	1,368,472	$	10,311	0.75	%	0.00% to 40.00%	17	%	$	1,433,215	$	6,627	0.46	%
40.01% to 50.00%	40.01% to 50.00%	26	%	2,034,994		39,677		1.95	%	40.01% to 50.00%	25	%	2,043,177		40,791		2.00	%
50.01% to 60.00%	50.01% to 60.00%	34	%	2,652,829		22,605		0.85	%	50.01% to 60.00%	35	%	2,883,327		38,041		1.32	%
60.01% to 70.00%	60.01% to 70.00%	18	%	1,402,053		7,019		0.50	%	60.01% to 70.00%	19	%	1,574,042		2,472		0.16	%
70.01% to 80.00%⁽³⁾	70.01% to 80.00%⁽³⁾	4	%	336,142		—		—	%	70.01% to 80.00%(3)	4	%	299,582		—		—	%
80.01% to 90.00%⁽³⁾	80.01% to 90.00%⁽³⁾	—	%	17,104		110		0.64	%	80.01% to 90.00%(3)	—	%	16,006		110		0.69	%
Total	Total	100	%	$	7,811,594	$	79,722	1.02	%	Total	100	%	$	8,249,349	$	88,041	1.07	%
By size of borrower exposure⁽⁴⁾:	By size of borrower exposure⁽⁴⁾:									By size of borrower exposure(4):
Less than $1,000,000	Less than $1,000,000	31	%	$	2,447,607	$	15,333	0.63	%	Less than $1,000,000	29	%	$	2,426,763	$	12,878	0.53	%
$1,000,000 to $4,999,999	$1,000,000 to $4,999,999	36	%	2,795,637		51,525		1.84	%	$1,000,000 to $4,999,999	35	%	2,868,618		33,358		1.16	%
$5,000,000 to $9,999,999	$5,000,000 to $9,999,999	14	%	1,067,904		—		—	%	$5,000,000 to $9,999,999	15	%	1,198,942		12,559		1.05	%
$10,000,000 to $24,999,999	$10,000,000 to $24,999,999	11	%	888,976		12,864		1.45	%	$10,000,000 to $24,999,999	12	%	968,893		29,246		3.02	%
$25,000,000 and greater	$25,000,000 and greater	8	%	611,470		—		—	%	$25,000,000 and greater	9	%	786,133		—		—	%
Total	Total	100	%	$	7,811,594	$	79,722	1.02	%	Total	100	%	$	8,249,349	$	88,041	1.07	%

⁽¹⁾Includes loans held and loans underlying off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities and LTSPCs that are 90 days or more past due, in foreclosure, or in bankruptcy with at least one missed payment, excluding loans performing under either their original loan terms or a court-approved bankruptcy plan.

⁽²⁾Geographic regions: Northwest (AK, ID, MT, OR, WA, WY); Southwest (AZ, CA, CO, HI, NM, NV, UT); Mid-North (IA, IL, IN, MI, MN, NE, ND, SD, WI); Mid-South (AR, KS, LA, MO, OK, TX); Northeast (CT, DE, KY, MA, MD, ME, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, VA, VT, WV); Southeast (AL, FL, GA, MS, NC, SC, TN).

⁽³⁾Primarily part-time farm loans. Loans with an original loan-to-value ratio of greater than 80% are required to have private mortgage insurance.

⁽⁴⁾Includes aggregated loans to single borrowers or borrower-related entities.

83100

Another indicator that Farmer Mac considers in analyzing the credit quality of its Farm & Ranch portfolio is the level of internally-rated "substandard" assets, both in dollars and as a percentage of the outstanding Farm & Ranch portfolio. Assets categorized as "substandard" have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses, and there is a distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained if deficiencies are not corrected. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac's substandard assets were ~~$312.3~~$321.2 million ~~(4.0%~~(3.9% of the Farm & Ranch portfolio), compared to $304.9 million (3.8% of the Farm & Ranch portfolio) as of June 30, 2020 and $310.0 million (4.0% of the Farm & Ranch portfolio) as of December 31, 2019. Those substandard assets were comprised of ~~355~~361 loans as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, 368 loans as of June 30, 2020, and 353 loans as of December 31, 2019.

The increase of ~~$2.3~~$16.3 million in substandard assets during ~~first~~third quarter 2020 ~~reflected overall consistency~~was primarily driven by credit downgrades in our off-balance sheet portfolio, partially offset by credit upgrades in our on-balance sheet portfolio during the ~~credit quality of the portfolio as the amount of substandard~~quarter. Substandard assets ~~remained constant~~increased as a percentage of the ~~Farm & Ranch portfolio. The $2.3 million increase~~total on- and off-balance sheet portfolio primarily due to the credit downgrades in ~~substandard assets is reflective of overall business volume growth in the Farm & Ranch~~our off-balance sheet portfolio. The percentage of substandard assets within the portfolio ~~is at~~closely approximates the historical average.

Farmer Mac's average substandard assets as a percentage of its Farm & Ranch portfolio over the last 15 years is approximately 4%. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, we believe that the substandard rate ~~will~~may rise above that historical average in the short-term. The full extent of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic remains to be seen, and we will continue to monitor its impact on our substandard asset rate. The highest substandard asset rate observed during ~~that period~~the last 15 years occurred in 2010 at approximately 8%, which coincided with an increase in substandard loans within Farmer Mac's then-held ethanol portfolio that Farmer Mac no longer holds. If Farmer Mac's substandard asset rate increases from current levels, it is likely that Farmer Mac's provision to the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for losses will also increase.

Although some credit losses are inherent to the business of agricultural lending, Farmer Mac believes that losses associated with the current agricultural credit cycle will be moderated by the strength and diversity of its portfolio, which Farmer Mac believes is adequately collateralized.

The following table presents the current loan-to-value ratios for the Farm & Ranch portfolio, as disaggregated by internally assigned risk ratings:

Table 27


Farm & Ranch current loan-to-value ratio by internally assigned risk rating as of March 31, 2020
Farm & Ranch current loan-to-value ratio by internally assigned risk rating as of September 30, 2020										Farm & Ranch current loan-to-value ratio by internally assigned risk rating as of September 30, 2020
		Acceptable		Special Mention		Substandard		Total			Acceptable		Special Mention		Substandard		Total
		(in thousands)															(in thousands)
Current loan-to-value ratio⁽¹⁾:	Current loan-to-value ratio⁽¹⁾:									Current loan-to-value ratio(1):
0.00% to 40.00%	0.00% to 40.00%	$	2,556,424	$	98,164	$	91,622	$	2,746,210	0.00% to 40.00%	$	2,535,414	$	91,379	$	100,905	$	2,727,698
40.01% to 50.00%	40.01% to 50.00%	1,937,767		119,123		74,370		2,131,260		40.01% to 50.00%	2,004,659		142,067		80,324		2,227,050
50.01% to 60.00%	50.01% to 60.00%	1,531,582		136,322		81,086		1,748,990		50.01% to 60.00%	1,812,255		77,716		85,615		1,975,586
60.01% to 70.00%	60.01% to 70.00%	808,115		48,104		26,472		882,691		60.01% to 70.00%	974,306		43,893		19,739		1,037,938
70.01% to 80.00%	70.01% to 80.00%	236,131		22,348		9,248		267,727		70.01% to 80.00%	209,385		18,895		19,019		247,299
80.01% and greater	80.01% and greater	4,339		835		29,542		34,716		80.01% and greater	13,486		4,710		15,582		33,778
Total	Total	$	7,074,358	$	424,896	$	312,340	$	7,811,594	Total	$	7,549,505	$	378,660	$	321,184	$	8,249,349

⁽¹⁾The current loan-to-value ratio is based on original appraised value (or most recently obtained appraisal, if available) and current outstanding loan amount adjusted to reflect loan amortization.

84101

The following table presents Farmer Mac's cumulative net credit losses relative to the cumulative original balance for all Farm & Ranch loans purchased and loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 by year of origination, geographic region, and commodity/collateral type. The purpose of this information is to present information about realized losses relative to original Farm & Ranch purchases, guarantees, and commitments.

Table 28


Farm & Ranch Credit Losses Relative to Cumulative	Farm & Ranch Credit Losses Relative to Cumulative													Farm & Ranch Credit Losses Relative to Cumulative
Original Loans, Guarantees, and LTSPCs as of March 31, 2020
Original Loans, Guarantees, and LTSPCs as of September 30, 2020								Original Loans, Guarantees, and LTSPCs as of September 30, 2020
		Cumulative Original Loans, Guarantees and LTSPCs		Cumulative Net Credit Losses/(Recoveries)		Cumulative Loss Rate			Cumulative Original Loans, Guarantees and LTSPCs		Cumulative Net Credit Losses/(Recoveries)		Cumulative Loss Rate
		(dollars in thousands)											(dollars in thousands)
By year of origination:	By year of origination:							By year of origination:
2010 and prior	2010 and prior	$	15,324,437	$	29,709	0.19	%	2010 and prior	$	15,321,174	$	30,103	0.20		%
2011	2011	780,402		3,661		0.47	%	2011	780,955		3,661		0.47		%
2012	2012	1,160,415		—		—	%	2012	1,159,460		—		—		%
2013	2013	1,450,157		—		—	%	2013	1,451,375		—		—		%
2014	2014	1,026,726		—		—	%	2014	1,030,669		—		—		%
2015	2015	1,181,215		(516)		(0.04)	%	2015	1,189,515		(516)		(0.04)		%
2016	2016	1,467,693		—		—	%	2016	1,487,986		—		—		%
2017	2017	1,542,961		—		—	%	2017	1,562,656		—		—		%
2018	2018	1,262,712		—		—	%	2018	1,282,915		—		—		%
2019	2019	1,461,128		—		—	%	2019	1,468,215		—		—		%
2020	2020	362,196				—	%	2020	1,800,179				—		%
Total	Total	$	27,020,042	$	32,854	0.12	%	Total	$	28,535,099	$	33,248	0.12		%
By geographic region⁽¹⁾:	By geographic region⁽¹⁾:							By geographic region(1):
Northwest	Northwest	$	3,561,201	$	11,191	0.31	%	Northwest	$	3,706,610	$	11,191	0.30		%
Southwest	Southwest	9,579,965		8,126		0.08	%	Southwest	10,076,495		8,520		0.08		%
Mid-North	Mid-North	6,760,002		12,855		0.19	%	Mid-North	7,177,705		12,855		0.18		%
Mid-South	Mid-South	3,204,244		(613)		(0.02)	%	Mid-South	3,509,487		(613)		(0.02)		%
Northeast	Northeast	1,543,065		323		0.02	%	Northeast	1,589,015		323		0.02		%
Southeast	Southeast	2,371,565		972		0.04	%	Southeast	2,475,787		972		0.04		%
Total	Total	$	27,020,042	$	32,854	0.12	%	Total	$	28,535,099	$	33,248	0.12		%
By commodity/collateral type:	By commodity/collateral type:							By commodity/collateral type:
Crops	Crops	$	12,312,263	$	2,887	0.02	%	Crops	$	13,207,554	$	2,887	0.02		%
Permanent plantings	Permanent plantings	6,003,450		9,368		0.16	%	Permanent plantings	6,329,212		9,762		0.15		%
Livestock	Livestock	6,228,123		3,836		0.06	%	Livestock	6,414,242		3,836		0.06		%
Part-time farm	Part-time farm	1,583,891		1,090		0.07	%	Part-time farm	1,637,536		1,090		0.07		%
Ag. Storage and Processing	Ag. Storage and Processing	737,698		15,673		2.12	%	Ag. Storage and Processing	780,390		15,673		2.01		%
Other	Other	154,617		—		—	%	Other	166,165		—		—		%
Total	Total	$	27,020,042	$	32,854	0.12	%	Total	$	28,535,099	$	33,248	0.12		%

⁽¹⁾Geographic regions: Northwest (AK, ID, MT, OR, WA, WY); Southwest (AZ, CA, CO, HI, NM, NV, UT); Mid-North (IA, IL, IN, MI, MN, NE, ND, SD, WI); Mid-South (AR, KS, LA, MO, OK, TX); Northeast (CT, DE, KY, MA, MD, ME, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, RI, VA, VT, WV); Southeast (AL, FL, GA, MS, NC, SC, TN).

85102

Analysis of portfolio performance indicates that commodity type is the primary determinant of Farmer Mac's exposure to loss on a given loan. The following tables present concentrations of Farm & Ranch loans held and loans underlying LTSPCs and off-balance sheet Farm & Ranch Guaranteed Securities by commodity type within geographic region and cumulative credit losses by origination year and commodity type:

Table 29


		As of March 31, 2020																																								As of September 30, 2020
		Farm & Ranch Concentrations by Commodity Type within Geographic Region																																								Farm & Ranch Concentrations by Commodity Type within Geographic Region
		Crops			Permanent Plantings			Livestock			Part-time Farm			Ag. Storage and Processing			Other			Total				Crops			Permanent Plantings			Livestock			Part-time Farm			Ag. Storage and Processing			Other			Total
		(dollars in thousands)																																								(dollars in thousands)
By geographic region⁽¹⁾:	By geographic region⁽¹⁾:																						By geographic region(1):
Northwest	Northwest	$	440,421		$	159,022		$	271,682		$	88,246		$	5,182		$	60		$	964,613		Northwest	$	473,738		$	178,777		$	279,427		$	78,696		$	5,039		$	59		$	1,015,736
		5.6		%	2.0		%	3.5		%	1.1		%	0.1		%	—		%	12.3		%		5.7		%	2.2		%	3.3		%	1.0		%	0.1		%	—		%	12.3		%
Southwest	Southwest	582,809			1,344,110			511,876			103,803			45,947			4,287			2,592,832			Southwest	676,122			1,447,146			511,801			94,470			57,156			15,666			2,802,361
		7.5		%	17.2		%	6.6		%	1.3		%	0.6		%	0.1		%	33.3		%		8.2		%	17.6		%	6.2		%	1.1		%	0.7		%	0.2		%	34.0		%
Mid-North	Mid-North	1,939,071			12,193			215,670			140,067			19,194			2,223			2,328,418			Mid-North	1,992,828			11,235			221,150			117,430			18,064			2,003			2,362,710
		24.8		%	0.2		%	2.8		%	1.8		%	0.2		%	—		%	29.8		%		24.2		%	0.1		%	2.7		%	1.4		%	0.2		%	—		%	28.6		%
Mid-South	Mid-South	569,915			28,451			280,827			64,372			7,701			24			951,290			Mid-South	661,234			43,170			301,146			55,875			6,977			20			1,068,422
		7.3		%	0.4		%	3.6		%	0.8		%	0.1		%	—		%	12.2		%		8.0		%	0.5		%	3.7		%	0.7		%	0.1		%	—		%	13.0		%
Northeast	Northeast	151,737			63,691			64,412			73,141			3,711			—			356,692			Northeast	160,221			59,717			67,891			66,463			3,518			—			357,810
		1.9		%	0.8		%	0.8		%	1.0		%	—		%	—		%	4.5		%		2.0		%	0.7		%	0.8		%	0.8		%	—		%	—		%	4.3		%
Southeast	Southeast	230,616			172,360			134,975			73,660			5,856			282			617,749			Southeast	236,109			182,696			131,722			72,844			18,615			324			642,310
		3.0		%	2.2		%	1.7		%	0.9		%	0.1		%	—		%	7.9		%		2.9		%	2.2		%	1.6		%	0.9		%	0.2		%	—		%	7.8		%
Total	Total	$	3,914,569		$	1,779,827		$	1,479,442		$	543,289		$	87,591		$	6,876		$	7,811,594		Total	$	4,200,252		$	1,922,741		$	1,513,137		$	485,778		$	109,369		$	18,072		$	8,249,349
		50.1		%	22.8		%	19.0		%	6.9		%	1.1		%	0.1		%	100.0		%		51.0		%	23.3		%	18.3		%	5.9		%	1.3		%	0.2		%	100.0		%

86103

Table 30


		As of March 31, 2020																							As of September 30, 2020
		Farm & Ranch Cumulative Credit Losses by Origination Year and Commodity Type																							Farm & Ranch Cumulative Credit Losses by Origination Year and Commodity Type
		Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Total			Crops		Permanent Plantings		Livestock		Part-time Farm		Ag. Storage and Processing		Total
		(in thousands)																							(in thousands)
By year of origination:	By year of origination:													By year of origination:
2010 and prior	2010 and prior	$	3,427	$	9,368	$	3,836	$	1,066	$	12,012	$	29,709	2010 and prior	$	3,427	$	9,762	$	3,836	$	1,066	$	12,012	$	30,103
2011	2011	—		—		—		—		3,661		3,661		2011	—		—		—		—		3,661		3,661
2012	2012	—		—		—		—		—		—		2012	—		—		—		—		—		—
2013	2013	—		—		—		—		—		—		2013	—		—		—		—		—		—
2014	2014	—		—		—		—		—		—		2014	—		—		—		—		—		—
2015	2015	(540)		—		—		24		—		(516)		2015	(540)		—		—		24		—		(516)
2016	2016	—		—		—		—		—		—		2016	—		—		—		—		—		—
2017	2017	—		—		—		—		—		—		2017	—		—		—		—		—		—
2018	2018	—		—		—		—		—		—		2018	—		—		—		—		—		—
2019	2019	—		—		—		—		—		—		2019	—		—		—		—		—		—
2020	2020	—		—		—		—		—		—		2020	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	Total	$	2,887	$	9,368	$	3,836	$	1,090	$	15,673	$	32,854	Total	$	2,887	$	9,762	$	3,836	$	1,090	$	15,673	$	33,248

Rural Utilities

Farmer Mac's direct credit exposure to Rural Utilities loans held and loans underlying LTSPCs as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 was ~~$2.4~~$2.7 billion across 4345 states. For more information about Farmer Mac's underwriting and collateral valuation standards for Rural Utilities loans, see "Business—Farmer Mac's Lines of Business—Rural Utilities—Underwriting" in Farmer Mac’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on February 25, 2020. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, there were no delinquencies in Farmer Mac's portfolio of Rural Utilities loans.

Farmer Mac has indirect credit exposure to Rural Utilities loans that secure AgVantage securities included in the Institutional Credit line of business. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac had not experienced any credit losses on any AgVantage securities. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk – Institutional" for more information about Farmer Mac's credit risk on AgVantage securities.

Farmer Mac has never experienced a credit loss in its Rural Utilities line of business. Upon the adoption of the current expected credit loss accounting standard ("CECL") on January 1, 2020, we are now required to forecast and disclose our expected credit losses for the expected life of our Rural Utilities portfolio assets. To do this, Farmer Mac relies upon industry data purchased from ratings agencies as well as publicly available information as disclosed in the securities filings of other major lenders who serve this industry. Activity affecting the allowance for loan losses and reserve for losses is discussed in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Results of Operations—Provision for and Release of Allowance for Loan Losses and Reserve for Losses."

Farmer Mac evaluates credit risk for these assets by reviewing a variety of borrower credit risk characteristics. These characteristics can include (but is not limited to) financial metrics, internal risk ratings, ratings assigned by ratings agencies, types of customers served, sources of power supply, and the regulatory environment.

87104

The following table presents Farmer Mac’s portfolio of generation and transmission ("G&T") and distribution cooperative borrowers, as well as renewable energy loans, disaggregated by internally assigned risk ratings.

Table 31


		Rural Utilities portfolio by internally assigned risk rating as of March 31, 2020															Rural Utilities portfolio by internally assigned risk rating as of September 30, 2020
		Acceptable		Special Mention		Substandard		Total			Acceptable		Special Mention		Substandard		Total
		(in thousands)															(in thousands)
Distribution Cooperative	Distribution Cooperative	$	1,918,153	$	—	$	5,014	$	1,923,167	Distribution Cooperative	$	2,088,027	$	—	$	4,474	$	2,092,501
G&T Cooperative	G&T Cooperative	442,442		—		—		442,442		G&T Cooperative	573,401		—		—		573,401
Renewable Energy	Renewable Energy	19,802		—		—		19,802		Renewable Energy	19,407		—		—		19,407
Rural Utilities Total	Rural Utilities Total	$	2,380,397	$	—	$	5,014	$	2,385,411	Rural Utilities Total	$	2,680,835	$	—	$	4,474	$	2,685,309

For more information about the credit quality of Farmer Mac's Rural Utilities portfolio and the associated allowance for losses please refer to Notes 5 and 6 of the consolidated financial statements.

Other Considerations Regarding Credit Risk Related to Loans and Guarantees

The credit exposure on USDA Securities, including those underlying Farmer Mac Guaranteed USDA Securities, is guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the United States. Therefore, Farmer Mac believes that we have little or no credit risk exposure in the USDA Guarantees line of business because of the USDA guarantee. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac had not experienced any credit losses on any ~~business~~securities under the USDA Guarantees line of business and does not expect to incur any such losses in the future. Because we do not expect credit losses on this portfolio, Farmer Mac does not provide an allowance for losses on its portfolio of USDA Guaranteed Securities. As of September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac had executed COVID-19 payment deferments on loans with unpaid principal balances of $83.8 million underlying USDA Securities.

Farmer Mac requires most approved lenders to make representations and warranties about the conformity of eligible agricultural mortgage and Rural Utilities loans to Farmer Mac's standards, the accuracy of loan data provided to Farmer Mac, and other requirements related to the loans. Sellers who make these representations and warranties are responsible to Farmer Mac for breaches of those representations and warranties. Farmer Mac has the ability to require a seller to cure, replace, or repurchase a loan sold or transferred to Farmer Mac if any breach of a representation or warranty is discovered that was material to Farmer Mac's decision to purchase the loan or that directly or indirectly causes a default or potential loss on a loan sold or transferred by the seller to Farmer Mac. During the previous three years ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, there have been no breaches of representations and warranties by sellers that resulted in Farmer Mac requiring a seller to cure, replace, or repurchase a loan. In addition to relying on the representations and warranties of sellers, Farmer Mac also underwrites the agricultural real estate mortgage loans (other than rural housing and part-time farm mortgage loans) and Rural Utilities loans on which it has direct credit exposure. For rural housing and part-time farm mortgage loans, Farmer Mac relies on representations and warranties from the seller that those loans conform to Farmer Mac's specified underwriting criteria without exception. For more information about Farmer Mac's loan eligibility requirements and underwriting standards, see "Business—Farmer Mac's Lines of Business—Farm & Ranch—Loan Eligibility," "Business—Farmer Mac's Lines of Business—Farm & Ranch—Underwriting and Collateral Valuation (Appraisal) Standards," "Business—Farmer Mac's Lines of Business—Rural Utilities—Loan Eligibility," and "Business—Farmer Mac's Lines of Business—Rural Utilities—Underwriting" in Farmer Mac’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, as filed with the SEC on February 25, 2020.

88105

Under contracts with Farmer Mac and in consideration for servicing fees, Farmer Mac-approved servicers service loans in accordance with Farmer Mac's requirements. Servicers are responsible to Farmer Mac for serious errors in the servicing of those loans. If a servicer materially breaches the terms of its servicing agreement with Farmer Mac, such as failing to forward payments received or releasing collateral without Farmer Mac's consent, or experiences insolvency or bankruptcy, the servicer is responsible for any corresponding damages to Farmer Mac and, in most cases, Farmer Mac has the right to terminate the servicing relationship for a particular loan or the entire portfolio serviced by the servicer. Farmer Mac also can proceed against the servicer in arbitration or exercise any remedies available to it under law. During the previous three years ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac had not exercised any remedies or taken any formal action against any servicers. For more information about Farmer Mac's servicing requirements, see "Business—Farmer Mac's Lines of Business—Farm & Ranch—Servicing" and "Business—Farmer Mac's Lines of Business—Rural Utilities—Servicing" in Farmer Mac’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on February 25, 2020.

Credit Risk – Institutional. Farmer Mac is exposed to credit risk arising from its business relationships with other institutions, which include:

•issuers of AgVantage securities;

•approved lenders and servicers; and

•interest rate swap counterparties.

Farmer Mac approves AgVantage counterparties and manages institutional credit risk related to those AgVantage counterparties by requiring them to meet Farmer Mac's standards for creditworthiness for the particular counterparty type and transaction. The required collateralization level is established when the AgVantage facility is entered into with the counterparty and does not change during the life of the AgVantage securities issued under the facility without Farmer Mac's consent. In AgVantage transactions, the corporate obligor is typically required to remove from the pool of pledged collateral any loan that becomes more than 30 days delinquent in the payment of principal or interest and to substitute an eligible loan that is current in payment to maintain the minimum required collateralization level. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, Farmer Mac has approved and expects to continue to approve payment deferments on loans collateralizing AgVantage securities, allowing the AgVantage counterparty to keep these loans in its collateral pool without replacing them. The criteria currently in place for approving payment deferments for these loans is similar to the criteria Farmer Mac has established for loans in its Farm & Ranch portfolio that are affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

In the event of a default on an AgVantage security, Farmer Mac would have recourse to the pledged collateral and have rights to the ongoing borrower payments of principal and interest. For Farm Equity AgVantage counterparties and smaller financial funds or entities, Farmer Mac also requires that the counterparty generally (1) maintain a higher collateralization level through lower loan-to-value ratio thresholds than required for traditional AgVantage securities and (2) comply with specified financial covenants for the life of the related AgVantage security to avoid default. For a more detailed description of AgVantage securities, see "Business—Farmer Mac's Lines of Business—Institutional Credit" in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on February 25, 2020.

The unpaid principal balance of outstanding on-balance sheet AgVantage securities secured by loans eligible for the Farm & Ranch line of business totaled ~~$5.6~~$5.4 billion as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and $5.5 billion as of December 31, 2019. The unpaid principal balance of on-balance sheet AgVantage securities

106

secured by loans eligible for the Rural Utilities line of business totaled ~~$3.1~~$2.9 billion as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and $2.9

billion as of December 31, 2019. The unpaid principal balance of outstanding off-balance sheet AgVantage securities totaled $6.1 million as of September 30, 2020 and $7.6 million as of ~~both March 31, 2020 and~~ December 31, 2019. A $0.3 billion off-balance sheet AgVantage revolving line of credit facility was terminated during fourth quarter 2019.

The following table provides information about the issuers of AgVantage securities, as well as the required collateralization levels for those transactions as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Table 32


		As of March 31, 2020							As of December 31, 2019								As of September 30, 2020		As of December 31, 2019
Counterparty	Counterparty	Balance		Credit Rating	Required Collateralization	Balance		Credit Rating	Required Collateralization	Counterparty	Balance		Credit Rating	Required Collateralization	Balance		Credit Rating	Required Collateralization
		(dollars in thousands)																(dollars in thousands)
AgVantage:	AgVantage:									AgVantage:
CFC	CFC	$	3,081,862	A	100%	$	2,949,500	A	100%	CFC	$	2,919,816	A	100%	$	2,949,500	A	100%
MetLife	MetLife	2,550,000		AA-	103%	2,550,000		AA-	103%	MetLife	2,375,000		AA-	103%	2,550,000		AA-	103%
Rabo AgriFinance	Rabo AgriFinance	2,325,000		None	110%	2,225,000		None	110%	Rabo AgriFinance	2,250,000		None	110%	2,225,000		None	110%
Other⁽¹⁾	Other⁽¹⁾	459,358		None	106% to 125%	436,041		None	106% to 125%	Other(1)	528,929		None	106% to 125%	436,041		None	106% to 125%
Farm Equity AgVantage⁽²⁾	Farm Equity AgVantage⁽²⁾	279,881		None	110%	279,705		None	110%	Farm Equity AgVantage(2)	245,757		None	110%	279,705		None	110%
Total outstanding	Total outstanding	$	8,696,101			$	8,440,246			Total outstanding	$	8,319,502			$	8,440,246

⁽¹⁾Consists of AgVantage securities issued by 6 and 5 different issuers as of ~~both March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, ~~2019.~~2019, respectively.

⁽²⁾Consists of AgVantage securities issued by 4 and 5 different issuers as of ~~both March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, ~~2019.~~2019, respectively.

Farmer Mac manages institutional credit risk related to lenders and servicers by requiring those institutions to meet Farmer Mac's standards for creditworthiness. Farmer Mac monitors the financial condition of those institutions by evaluating financial statements and bank credit rating agency reports. For more information about Farmer Mac's lender eligibility requirements, see "Business—Farmer Mac's Lines of Business—Farm & Ranch—Approved Lenders" and "Business—Farmer Mac's Lines of Business—Rural Utilities—Approved Lenders" in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019, as filed with the SEC on February 25, 2020.

Farmer Mac manages institutional credit risk related to its interest rate swap counterparties through collateralization provisions contained in each of its swap agreements that varies based on the market value of its swap portfolio with each counterparty. Farmer Mac and its interest rate swap counterparties are required to fully collateralize their derivatives positions without any minimum threshold for cleared swap transactions, as well as for non-cleared swap transactions entered into after March 1, 2017. Farmer Mac transacts interest rate swaps with multiple counterparties to reduce counterparty credit exposure concentration. Farmer Mac's usage of cleared derivatives has increased over time as has its exposure to clearinghouses. The usage of cleared swap transactions reduces Farmer Mac's exposure to individual counterparties with the central clearinghouse acting to settle the change in value of contracts on a daily basis. Credit risk related to interest rate swap contracts is discussed in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Interest Rate Risk" and Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements.

Credit Risk – Other Investments. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac had ~~$1.2~~$0.9 billion of cash and cash equivalents and ~~$3.0~~$3.6 billion of investment securities. The management of the credit risk inherent in these investments is governed by Farmer Mac's internal policies as well as the liquidity and investment regulations for Farmer Mac, which were issued by FCA and which establish criteria for investments that

107

are eligible for Farmer Mac's investment portfolio, including limitations on asset class, dollar amount,

issuer concentration, and credit quality. In addition to establishing a portfolio of highly liquid investments as an available source of cash, the goals of Farmer Mac's investment policies are designed to minimize Farmer Mac's exposure to financial market volatility, preserve capital, and support Farmer Mac's access to the debt markets.

Farmer Mac's liquidity and investment regulations and internal policies require that investments held in Farmer Mac's investment portfolio meet the following creditworthiness standards: (1) at a minimum, at least one obligor of the investment must have a very strong capacity to meet financial commitments for the life of the investment, even under severely adverse or stressful conditions, and generally present a very low risk of default; (2) if the obligor whose capacity to meet financial commitments is being relied upon to meet the standard set forth in subparagraph (1) is located outside of the United States, the investment must also be fully guaranteed by a U.S. government agency; and (3) the investment must exhibit low credit risk and other risk characteristics consistent with the purpose or purposes for which it is held.

Farmer Mac's liquidity and investment regulations and internal policies also establish concentration limits, which are intended to limit exposure to any single entity, issuer, or obligor. Farmer Mac's liquidity and investment regulations limit Farmer Mac's total credit exposure to any single entity, issuer, or obligor of securities to 10% of Farmer Mac's regulatory capital ($~~83.4~~100.4 million as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020). However, Farmer Mac's current policy limits this total credit exposure to 5% of its regulatory capital ($~~41.7~~50.2 million as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020). These exposure limits do not apply to obligations of U.S. government agencies or GSEs, although Farmer Mac's current policy restricts investing more than 100% of regulatory capital in the senior non-convertible debt securities of any one GSE.

Although the Liquidity and Investments Regulations do not establish limits on the maximum amount, expressed as a percentage of Farmer Mac's investment portfolio, that can be invested in each eligible asset class, Farmer Mac's internal policies set forth asset class limits as part of Farmer Mac's overall risk management framework.

Interest Rate Risk. Farmer Mac is subject to interest rate risk on all financial assets retained on its balance sheet because of timing differences in the cash flows of the assets and ~~related liabilities.~~debt together with financial derivatives. This risk is primarily related to loans, loan participation interests, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and USDA Securities due to the ~~ability~~contract right of borrowers to prepay their loans before the scheduled maturities. Cash flow mismatches ~~in a~~due to changing interest ~~rate environment~~rates can reduce the earnings of Farmer Mac if assets prepay sooner than expected and the resulting cash flows must be reinvested in lower-yielding investments when Farmer Mac's funding costs cannot be correspondingly reduced. Alternatively, Farmer Mac could see a drop in income if assets repay more slowly than expected in a rising interest rate environment and the associated debt must be replaced by higher-cost debt.

Interest Rate Risk Management

The goal of interest rate risk management at Farmer Mac is to ~~create and maintain~~manage the balance sheet in a ~~portfolio~~manner that generates stable earnings and value across a variety of interest rate environments. Recognizing that interest rate sensitivity may change with the passage of time and as interest rates change, Farmer Mac regularly assesses this exposure ~~regularly~~ and, if necessary, ~~readjusts~~adjusts its portfolio of assets, debt, and ~~liabilities.~~financial derivatives.

108

Farmer Mac's objective is to ~~ensure~~maintain its exposure to interest rate risk is within appropriate limits, as approved by Farmer Mac's board of directors. Farmer Mac's management-level Asset and Liability Committee

("ALCO") ~~is tasked with~~provides oversight and ~~approval of~~approves strategies to ~~ensure~~maintain interest rate risk ~~remains~~ within the board-established limits.

Farmer Mac's primary strategy for managing interest rate risk is to fund asset purchases with ~~liabilities~~debt that together with financial derivatives have similar duration and convexity characteristics so that they will perform in a similar fashion as interest rates change. As part of the ~~liability~~debt issuance strategy, Farmer Mac seeks to issue a blend of liabilities across a variety of maturities to ~~help better~~approximately align the liability cashflows with the forecasted asset cashflows. ~~Along with the liability issuance strategy, Farmer Mac uses interest rate derivatives to minimize its economic exposure to cashflow mismatches.~~

Farmer Mac issues discount notes and both callable and non-callable medium-term notes across a spectrum of maturities to execute its liability issuance strategy. Callable debt is issued to ~~minimize~~mitigate prepayment risk associated with assets held on balance sheet. ~~By using a blend of liabilities that includes callable debt, the~~The interest rate sensitivities of the ~~liabilities~~debt together with financial derivatives tend to increase or decrease as interest rates change in a manner similar to changes in the interest rate sensitivities of the assets. Farmer Mac ~~uses~~enters into financial derivatives, primarily interest rate swaps, as another tool to better match the durations of Farmer Mac's assets and liabilities, thereby reducing overall sensitivity to changing interest ~~rate sensitivity.~~rates.

Taking into consideration the prepayment provisions and the default probabilities associated with its ~~loan~~portfolio of retained assets, Farmer Mac ~~uses~~incorporates prepayment behavioral models when projecting and valuing cash flows associated with these assets. Because borrowers' behaviors in various interest rate environments may change over time, Farmer Mac periodically evaluates the effectiveness of these models compared to actual prepayment experience and adjusts and refines the models as necessary to improve the precision of future prepayment forecasts.

Changes in interest rates may affect loan prepayment rates which may, in turn, ~~affect~~impact durations and values of the loans. Declining interest rates generally increase prepayment rates, which shortens the duration of these assets, while rising interest rates tend to slow loan prepayments, thereby extending the duration of the loans.

Farmer Mac is subject to interest rate risk on loans that Farmer Mac has committed to acquire but has not yet purchased (other than delinquent loans purchased through LTSPCs or loans designated for securitization under a forward purchase agreement). When Farmer Mac commits to purchase these loans, it is exposed to interest rate risk between the time it commits to purchase the loans and the time it issues debt to fund the purchase of those loans. Farmer Mac manages the interest rate risk related to these loans by using futures contracts involving U.S. Treasury securities and other financial derivatives. Farmer Mac ~~uses~~enters into U.S. Treasury futures contracts as a hedge against the level of interest rates.

Farmer Mac's ~~$1.2~~$0.9 billion of cash and cash equivalents mature within three months and are generally funded with ~~discount notes~~debt having similar maturities. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, ~~$2.8~~$3.5 billion of the ~~$3.0~~$3.6 billion of investment securities ~~(94%~~(97%) were floating rate securities with rates that adjust within one year or fixed rate securities with original maturities between three months and one year. ~~Those~~The floating rate securities are funded with effectively floating rate debt that closely matches the rate adjustment dates of the associated investments. The fixed rate investment securities are generally funded in a manner consistent with Farmer Mac's overall funding strategy that approximates a duration and convexity match.

109

Interest Rate Risk Metrics

Farmer Mac regularly stress tests its portfolio for interest rate risk and ~~uses~~examines a variety of metrics to quantify and manage its interest rate risk. These metrics include sensitivity to interest rate movements of market value of equity ("MVE") and projected net effective spread ("NES") as well as duration gap analysis.

MVE represents management's estimate of the present value of all future cash flows from on- and off-balance sheet assets, liabilities, and financial derivatives, discounted at current interest rates and appropriate spreads. However, MVE is not indicative of the market value of Farmer Mac as a going concern because these market values are theoretical and do not reflect future business activities. MVE sensitivity analysis is used to measure the degree to which the market values of Farmer Mac's assets and liabilities change for a given change in interest rates. Because this analysis evaluates the effect of interest rate movements on the value of all future cash flows, this measure provides an evaluation of Farmer Mac's long-term interest rate risk.

Farmer Mac's NES simulation represents the difference between projected income over the next twelve months from interest-earning assets and interest expense produced by the related funding, including associated derivatives. Farmer Mac's NES may be ~~affected~~impacted by changes in market interest rates resulting from timing differences between maturities and re-pricing characteristics of assets and liabilities. The direction and magnitude of any such effect depends on the direction and magnitude of the change in interest rates as well as the composition of Farmer Mac's portfolio. The NES forecast represents an estimate of the net effective spread income that Farmer Mac's current portfolio is expected to produce over a twelve-month horizon. As a result, NES sensitivity statistics provide a short-term view of Farmer Mac's sensitivity to interest ~~rate sensitivity.~~rates.

Duration is a measure of a financial instrument's fair value sensitivity to small changes in interest rates. Duration gap is the ~~difference between the~~net estimated durations of Farmer Mac's assets, debt, and ~~liabilities.~~financial derivatives. Because duration is a measure of ~~market~~fair value sensitivity, duration gap summarizes the extent to which estimated ~~market~~fair value sensitivities for assets and liabilities are matched. Duration gap provides a relatively concise measure of the interest rate risk inherent in Farmer Mac's outstanding portfolio.

A positive duration gap denotes that the duration of Farmer Mac's assets is greater than the duration of its ~~liabilities.~~debt and derivatives. A positive duration gap indicates that the ~~market~~changes to the fair value of Farmer Mac's assets is more sensitive to small interest rate movements than isare the ~~market~~changes to fair value of its ~~liabilities.~~debt and derivatives. Conversely, a negative duration gap indicates that changes to fair value of Farmer Mac's assets are less sensitive to small interest rate movements than are the changes to fair value of its ~~liabilities.~~debt and derivatives. A duration gap of zero indicates that with small changes in interest rate movements the fair value change of Farmer Mac's assets is effectively offset the fair value change of its debt and derivatives.

Each of the metrics is produced using asset/liability models and is derived based on management's best estimates of factors such as projected interest rates, interest rate volatility, and asset prepayment speeds. Accordingly, these metrics should be understood as estimates rather than as precise measurements. Actual results may differ to the extent there are material changes to Farmer Mac's portfolio or changes in strategies undertaken to mitigate unfavorable sensitivities to interest rate changes.

93110

The following schedule summarizes the results of Farmer Mac's MVE and NES sensitivity analysis as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 to an immediate and instantaneous uniform or "parallel" shift in the yield curve:

Table 33


		Percentage Change in MVE from Base Case							Percentage Change in MVE from Base Case
Interest Rate Scenario⁽¹⁾	Interest Rate Scenario⁽¹⁾	As of March 31, 2020		As of December 31, 2019		Interest Rate Scenario(1)	As of September 30, 2020		As of December 31, 2019
+100 basis points	+100 basis points	8.6	%	2.7	%	+100 basis points	6.1	%	2.7	%
-100 basis points	-100 basis points	(0.6)	%	(8.4)	%	-100 basis points	(0.5)	%	(8.4)	%


		Percentage Change in NES from Base Case							Percentage Change in NES from Base Case
Interest Rate Scenario⁽¹⁾	Interest Rate Scenario⁽¹⁾	As of March 31, 2020		As of December 31, 2019		Interest Rate Scenario(1)	As of September 30, 2020		As of December 31, 2019
+100 basis points	+100 basis points	4.4	%	0.8	%	+100 basis points	3.1	%	0.8	%
-100 basis points	-100 basis points	(0.1)	%	0.1	%	-100 basis points	(0.2)	%	0.1	%

⁽¹⁾The ~~Down~~down 100 basis points shock scenario was replaced with a proportional shock relative to 50% of the 3-month Treasury bill rate, with the approval of the Financial Risk Committee of the Board of Directors.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac's effective duration gap was negative ~~3.3~~4.4 months, compared to negative 2.5 months as of December 31, 2019. Interest rates ~~declined~~decreased significantly during the first ~~quarter~~nine months of 2020. This rate movement ~~reduced~~contributed to reducing the duration of Farmer Mac's assets relative to its liabilities, thereby widening Farmer Mac's duration gap. Furthermore, as of September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac implemented a replacement behavioral prepayment model that also contributed to a widening duration gap.

Financial Derivatives Transactions

The economic effects of financial derivatives are included in Farmer Mac's MVE, NES, and duration gap analyses. Farmer Mac enters into the following financial derivative transactions principally to protect against risk from the effects of market price or interest rate movements on the value of assets, future cash flows, ~~credit exposure,~~ and debt issuance, not for trading or speculative purposes:

•"pay-fixed" interest rate swaps, in which Farmer Mac pays fixed rates of interest to, and receives floating rates of interest from, counterparties;

•"receive-fixed" interest rate swaps, in which Farmer Mac receives fixed rates of interest from, and pays floating rates of interest to, counterparties; and

•"basis swaps," in which Farmer Mac pays variable rates of interest based on one index to, and receives variable rates of interest based on another index from, counterparties.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac had ~~$15.0~~$15.1 billion combined notional amount of interest rate swaps, with terms ranging from less than one year to thirty years, of which ~~$5.9~~$6.2 billion were pay-fixed interest rate swaps, ~~$6.2~~$5.6 billion were receive-fixed interest rate swaps, and ~~$2.9~~$3.3 billion were basis swaps.

Farmer Mac enters into interest rate swap contracts to more closely match the cash flow and duration characteristics of its assets with those of its liabilities. Interest rate swaps paired with the issuance of short-term debt effectively can create ~~effectively~~ fixed rate funding that ~~provides a similar~~approximately matches duration ~~match~~ with the corresponding assets being funded. Farmer Mac evaluates the overall cost of using the swap market in conjunction with debt issuance as a funding alternative to duration-matched debt and ~~uses~~enters into interest rate swaps to manage interest rate risks across the balance sheet.

111

Certain financial derivatives are designated as fair value hedges of fixed rate assets classified as available for sale or liabilities to protect against fair value changes in the assets or liabilities related to a benchmark

interest rate (e.g., ~~LIBOR)~~LIBOR and SOFR). Also, certain financial derivatives are designated as cash flow hedges to mitigate the volatility of future interest rate payments on floating rate debt.

As discussed in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements, all financial derivatives are recorded on the balance sheet at fair value as derivative assets or as derivative liabilities. Changes in the fair values of financial derivatives are reported in ~~"Losses~~"(Losses)/gains on financial derivatives" in the consolidated statements of operations. For financial derivatives designated in fair value hedge accounting relationships, changes in the fair values of the hedged items related to the risk being hedged are reported in "Net interest income" in the consolidated statements of operations. Interest accruals on derivatives designated in fair value hedge accounting relationships are also recorded in "Net interest income" in the consolidated statements of operations. For financial derivatives designated in cash flow hedge accounting relationships, the unrealized gain or loss on the derivative is recorded in other comprehensive income. Because the hedging instrument is an interest rate swap and the hedged forecasted transactions are future interest payments on variable rate debt, amounts recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income are reclassified to "Total interest expense" in conjunction with the recognition of interest expense on the debt. All of Farmer Mac's financial derivatives transactions are conducted under standard collateralized agreements that limit Farmer Mac's potential credit exposure to any counterparty. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, Farmer Mac had no uncollateralized net exposures.

Re-funding and repricing risk

In addition to being exposed to the risk of asset and liability cash flow mismatches, Farmer Mac is exposed to the risk related to changes in its cost of funds relative to floating rate market indexes (such as ~~LIBOR)~~LIBOR and SOFR) on many of the floating rate assets it holds. This exposure is referred to as "re-funding and repricing risk." Re-funding and repricing risk arises from ~~the~~ potential changes in funding costs when Farmer Mac funds floating rate, or synthetic floating rate, assets with floating rate liabilities with shorter maturities. Changes in Farmer Mac's funding costs relative to the benchmark rate to which the assets are indexed can cause changes to net interest income from funding those assets.

Farmer Mac is subject to re-funding and repricing risk on any floating rate assets that are not funded to contractual maturity. In addition, many of Farmer Mac's floating rate assets ~~have the ability to~~may prepay before the contractual maturity date. Farmer Mac is also subject to re-funding and repricing risk on ~~some~~a portion of its fixed rate assets as a result of its use of pay-fixed receive-floating interest rate swaps that effectively convert the required funding needed from fixed rate to floating rate. These fixed rate assets are then effectively synthetically floating rate assets that require floating rate funding.

Farmer Mac can meet floating rate funding needs in several ways, including:

•issuing short-term discount notes with maturities that match the reset period of the assets;

•issuing floating rate medium-term notes with maturities and reset frequencies that match the assets being funded;

•issuing non-maturity matched, floating rate medium-term notes with reset frequencies that match the assets being funded; or

•issuing non-maturity matched, ~~fixed-rate~~ discount notes or medium-term notes swapped to match the interest rate reset dates of the assets as an alternative source of effectively floating rate funding.

112

To meet floating rate funding needs, Farmer Mac frequently ~~uses~~issues shorter-term floating-rate medium-term notes or fixed rate medium-term notes paired with an interest rate swap because these options generally

provide a lower cost of funding while generating an effective interest rate match. As funding for these floating rate assets matures, Farmer Mac seeks to refinance the debt associated with these assets in a similar fashion to achieve an appropriate interest rate match in the context of Farmer Mac's overall liability issuance and liquidity management strategies.

However, if the funding cost of Farmer Mac’s discount notes or medium-term notes were to deteriorate relative to LIBOR (or ~~some other~~a different market index to which the assets are being funded) during the time between when these floating rate assets were first funded and when Farmer Mac refinanced the associated debt, Farmer Mac would be exposed to a commensurate reduction in its net effective spread on the associated assets. Conversely, if the funding cost on Farmer Mac’s discount notes or medium-term notes were to improve relative to LIBOR (or a different market index) during that time, Farmer Mac would benefit from a commensurate increase in its net effective spread on those assets.

Farmer Mac's liability issuance strategy targets balancing liquidity risk and re-funding and repricing risk while maintaining an appropriate liability management profile that is consistent with Farmer Mac's risk tolerance. ALCO regularly reviews Farmer Mac's liability issuance strategy to ~~ensure that~~appropriately manage re-funding and repricing ~~risk is appropriately managed.~~risk.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac held ~~$6.8~~$7.0 billion of floating rate assets in its lines of business and its investment portfolio that reset based on floating rate market indexes, primarily one-month and three-month LIBOR. As of the same date, Farmer Mac also had ~~$5.9~~$6.2 billion of interest rate swaps outstanding where Farmer Mac pays a fixed rate of interest and receives a floating rate of interest.

Throughout the first ~~quarter~~nine months of 2020, Farmer Mac's funding relative to LIBOR remained stable with spreads comparable to historical averages. Farmer Mac regularly adjusts its funding strategies to mitigate the effects of spread variability from time to time and seeks to maintain an effective funding cost in the context of its overall liability management and liquidity management strategies.

Discontinuation of LIBOR

As described in "Risk Factors—Market Risk" in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on February 25, 2020, Farmer Mac faces risks associated with the reform, replacement, or discontinuation of the LIBOR benchmark interest rate and the transition to an alternative benchmark interest rate. We are currently evaluating the potential effect on our business of the replacement of the LIBOR benchmark interest rate, including the possibility of replacement benchmark interest rates.

As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac held ~~$5.5~~$5.7 billion of floating rate assets in its lines of business and its investment portfolio, had issued ~~$4.1~~$5.2 billion of floating rate debt, and had entered into ~~$14.8~~$14.9 billion notional amount of interest rate swaps, each of which reset based on LIBOR. In addition, our Non-Cumulative Series C Preferred Stock currently pays a fixed rate of interest until July 17, 2024. It becomes redeemable at our option on July 18, 2024 and thereafter pays interest at a floating rate equal to three-month LIBOR plus 3.260%.

The market transition away from LIBOR and towards an alternative benchmark interest rate that may be developed is expected to be complicated and may require the development of term and credit adjustments

113

to accommodate for differences between the benchmark interest rates. The transition may also result in different financial performance for previously booked transactions, require different hedging strategies, or require renegotiation of previously booked transactions. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, we ~~have issued $1.0~~had $1.1 billion outstanding in medium-term notes based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR), a potential alternative benchmark interest rate.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Farmer Mac's primary sources of funds to meet its liquidity and funding needs are the proceeds of its debt issuances, guarantee and commitment fees, net effective spread, loan repayments, and maturities of AgVantage securities. Farmer Mac regularly accesses the capital markets for funding, and Farmer Mac has maintained access to the capital markets at favorable rates through ~~first~~third quarter 2020. Farmer Mac funds its purchases of eligible loan assets, USDA Securities, Farmer Mac Guaranteed Securities, and investment assets and finances its operations primarily by issuing debt obligations of various maturities in the public capital markets. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac had outstanding discount notes of ~~$2.6~~$2.4 billion, medium-term notes that mature within one year of $8.6 billion, and medium-term notes that mature after one year of ~~$9.5~~$10.7 billion.

Assuming continued access to the capital markets, Farmer Mac believes it has sufficient liquidity and capital resources to support its operations for the next 12 months and for the foreseeable future. Farmer Mac also has a contingency funding plan to manage unanticipated disruptions in its access to the capital markets. That plan involves borrowing through repurchase agreement arrangements and the sale of liquid assets. Farmer Mac must maintain a minimum of 90 days of liquidity under its liquidity and investment regulations. Under the methodology for calculating available days of liquidity prescribed by those regulations, Farmer Mac maintained an average of ~~183~~202 days of liquidity during ~~first~~third quarter 2020 and had ~~202~~182 days of liquidity as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020. ALCO regularly reviews Farmer Mac's liquidity position and ensures the required minimums are maintained.

Farmer Mac maintains cash, cash equivalents (including U.S. Treasury securities and other short-term money market instruments), and other investment securities that can be drawn upon for liquidity needs. Farmer Mac's current policies authorize liquidity investments in:

•obligations of or fully guaranteed by the United States or a U.S. government agency;

•obligations of or fully guaranteed by GSEs;

•municipal securities;

•international and multilateral development bank obligations;

•money market instruments;

•diversified investment funds;

•asset-backed securities;

•corporate debt securities; and

•mortgage-backed securities.

114

The following table presents these assets as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Table 34


		As of March 31, 2020		As of December 31, 2019			As of September 30, 2020		As of December 31, 2019
		(in thousands)							(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents	Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,231,585	$	604,381	Cash and cash equivalents	$	910,592	$	604,381
Investment securities:	Investment securities:					Investment securities:
Guaranteed by U.S. Government and its agencies	Guaranteed by U.S. Government and its agencies	1,669,231		1,842,640		Guaranteed by U.S. Government and its agencies	1,696,538		1,842,640
Guaranteed by GSEs	Guaranteed by GSEs	1,320,237		1,143,323		Guaranteed by GSEs	1,861,611		1,143,323
Asset-backed securities	Asset-backed securities	16,745		18,912		Asset-backed securities	19,109		18,912
Total	Total	$	4,237,798	$	3,609,256	Total	$	4,487,850	$	3,609,256

The increase in the investment portfolio since December 31, 2019 was to provide a greater level of liquidity in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, to prepare for the possibility of future volatility in the debt capital markets, and to support program asset growth as the overall funding needs for the balance sheet increased.

Capital Requirements. Farmer Mac is subject to the following statutory capital requirements – minimum, critical, and risk-based. Farmer Mac must comply with the higher of the minimum capital requirement and the risk-based capital requirement. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac was in compliance with its statutory capital requirements and was classified as within "level I" (the highest compliance level).

In accordance with FCA's rule on capital planning, Farmer Mac's board of directors has adopted a policy for maintaining a sufficient level of "Tier 1" capital (consisting of retained earnings, paid-in capital, common stock, and qualifying preferred stock). That policy restricts Tier 1-eligible dividends and any discretionary bonus payments if Tier 1 capital falls below specified thresholds. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, Farmer Mac's Tier 1 capital ratio was ~~12.6%~~14.3% and 12.9%, respectively. The ~~decrease~~increase in our Tier 1 capital ratio was due to the fact that capital growth, which reflects the issuance of the Series E and Series F Preferred Stock, partially offset by the redemption of the Series A Preferred Stock, outpaced the growth in risk-weighted assets ~~outpaced capital growth~~ during the first ~~quarter~~nine months of 2020. As of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020, Farmer Mac was in compliance with its capital adequacy policy. Farmer Mac does not expect its compliance on an ongoing basis with FCA's rule on capital planning, including Farmer Mac's policy on Tier 1 capital, to materially affect Farmer Mac's operations or financial condition.

For more information about the capital requirements applicable to Farmer Mac, its capital adequacy policy, and FCA's rule on capital planning, see "Business—Government Regulation of Farmer Mac—Capital Standards" in Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on February 25, 2020. See Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements for more information about Farmer Mac's capital position.

Regulatory Matters

In response to the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, FCA has issued regulatory guidance to encourage Farmer Mac to work with its lending and servicing partners in approving servicing actions for borrowers impacted by COVID-19, including working with other Farm Credit System institutions on approvals for loans to which statutory borrower rights are attached (primarily in LTSPCs). FCA also provided guidance about under what circumstances loans with approved servicing actions due exclusively

115

to the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic should not be classified as nonaccrual or troubled debt restructurings.

Also in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and the related economic effects, Congress passed a series of stimulus measures, including the ~~CARES~~Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act ~~on March 27, 2020,~~(the "CARES Act"), which ~~provided over $2 trillion in economic stimulus to support various aspects of the U.S. economy. The CARES Act~~ contained a $9.5 billion emergency fund for the USDA aimed toward providing help to livestock, dairy, and produce providers who sell locally. It also included a $14 billion replenishment of the ~~Commodity Credit Corporation ("CCC"),~~CCC, a line of credit at the U.S. Treasury Department that USDA ~~uses primarily~~can use to help crop ~~growers. Most recently, USDA used the CCC to create the Market Facilitation Program that provided farmers~~ and ~~ranchers with direct payments to offset losses related to trade issues in 2018 and 2019.~~

livestock producers. On April 17, 2020, USDA announced that it would ~~use~~provide $19 billion of ~~the CARES Act funding for~~assistance through the Coronavirus Food Assistance Program ("CFAP"). ~~The~~ CFAP ~~is intended~~used the funding and authorities provided in the CARES Act, the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, and other USDA existing authorities to provide $16 billion in direct

support to farmers and ranchers based on actual losses from disruptions to prices and market supply chains and for projected impacts to marketing costs resulting from lost demand and short-term oversupply for the 2020 marketing year caused by the coronavirus. As part of ~~the~~ CFAP, USDA also announced that it would purchase $3 billion in fresh produce, dairy, and meat. These purchases are aimed at propping up commodity prices while providing commodities to food banks, community and faith based organizations, and other non-profits serving Americans in need.

~~The Agricultural Improvement~~ As of October 25, 2020, the USDA had distributed $10.3 billion in CFAP payments. Additionally, on September 17, 2020, the USDA announced the second round of CFAP funding through the authorities of the CCC for up to $14 billion in direct support for eligible commodities ("CFAP 2"). As of October 25, 2020, the USDA had distributed more than $7.6 billion in payments through CFAP 2. Through the end of October, more than $26 billion in economic support has been delivered to farm businesses under the CARES Act through a combination of ~~2018, known as the "Farm Bill," was signed into law on December 20, 2018~~direct payments and ~~required FCA~~loans. In addition to ~~prepare a study analyzing Farmer Mac's loan risk~~legislation and ~~capital requirements compared~~stimulus in response to those of Farm Credit System banks and associations and assessing the feasibility of increasing the acreage limitation securing loans of a maximum threshold amount from 1,000 acres to 2,000 acres. FCA submitted its assessment to Congress on June 18, 2019, concluding that increasing the acreage exception from 1,000 to 2,000 acres is feasible, would not raise any safety and soundness concerns, and would provide additional farming operations unconstrained access to Farmer Mac’s secondary market. Accordingly, the acreage exception will increase to 2,000 acres on June 18, 2020, meaning that the statutory loan amount limitation will not apply to Farm & Ranch loans secured by 2,000 acres of agricultural real estate or less.COVID-19, Farmer Mac ~~will continue~~continues to ~~evaluate this future increase~~monitor the establishment and evolution of legislation and regulations that could affect farmers, ranchers, rural lenders, and rural America in ~~the acreage limitation to determine the potential benefits to Farmer Mac's customers and the related effects on our business.~~

general.

Consistent with Congress’ guidance in the 2018 Farm Bill Conference Report, FCA also examined alternatives to the acreage rule (whether 1,000 or 2,000 acres). FCA concluded that the acreage rule does not result in Farmer Mac safety and soundness protections and considered alternatives focused on the risk of exposure concentrations in individual borrowers. FCA's report recommends that Congress direct FCA to use its regulatory authorities to establish exposure concentration limits to replace both the dollar limit and the acreage exception to the limit in Farmer Mac's charter.

Other Matters

The expected effects of recently issued accounting pronouncements on the consolidated financial statements are presented in Note 1(d) to the consolidated financial statements.

99116

Supplemental Information

The following tables present quarterly and annual information about new business volume, repayments, and outstanding business volume:

Table 35


New Business Volume	New Business Volume																										New Business Volume
		Farm & Ranch						USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities			Institutional Credit					Farm & Ranch				USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities				Institutional Credit
		Loans		LTSPCs		USDA Securities		Loans			AgVantage		Total			Loans		LTSPCs		USDA Securities		Loans		LTSPCs		AgVantage		Total
		(in thousands)																								(in thousands)
For the quarter ended:	For the quarter ended:														For the quarter ended:
September 30, 2020															September 30, 2020	$	740,823	$	94,495	$	225,494	$	62,300	$	—	$	211,908	$	1,335,020
June 30, 2020															June 30, 2020	609,284		85,390		224,016		339,366		19,500		430,024		1,707,580
March 31, 2020	March 31, 2020	$	401,853	$	73,674	$	147,906	$	152,668		$	560,395	$	1,336,496	March 31, 2020	401,853		73,674		147,906		152,668		—		560,395		1,336,496
December 31, 2019	December 31, 2019	602,750		65,614		143,565		102,900			371,075		1,285,904		December 31, 2019	602,750		65,614		143,565		102,900		—		371,075		1,285,904
September 30, 2019	September 30, 2019	309,805		125,022		113,664		117,279			402,611		1,068,381		September 30, 2019	309,805		125,022		113,664		117,279		—		402,611		1,068,381
June 30, 2019	June 30, 2019	248,152		57,321		118,335		105,000			659,447		1,188,255		June 30, 2019	248,152		57,321		118,335		105,000		—		659,447		1,188,255
March 31, 2019	March 31, 2019	203,156		91,215		57,223		546,198			825,417		1,723,209		March 31, 2019	203,156		91,215		57,223		546,198		—		825,417		1,723,209
December 31, 2018	December 31, 2018	285,008		80,840		90,297		3,000			585,814		1,044,959		December 31, 2018	285,008		80,840		90,297		3,000		—		585,814		1,044,959
September 30, 2018	September 30, 2018	192,628		64,100		116,339		—			1,085,953		1,459,020		September 30, 2018	192,628		64,100		116,339		—		—		1,085,953		1,459,020
June 30, 2018		224,101		126,066		129,960		—			825,203		1,305,330
March 31, 2018		259,111		159,065		123,525		8,645			813,337		1,363,683

For the year ended:	For the year ended:														For the year ended:
December 31, 2019	December 31, 2019	$	1,363,863	$	339,172	$	432,787	$	871,377		$	2,258,550	$	5,265,749	December 31, 2019	$	1,363,863	$	339,172	$	432,787	$	871,377	$	—	$	2,258,550	$	5,265,749
December 31, 2018	December 31, 2018	960,848		430,071		460,121		11,645			3,310,307		5,172,992		December 31, 2018	960,848		430,071		460,121		11,645		—		3,310,307		5,172,992

~~100~~117

Table 36


Repayments of Assets by Line of Business	Repayments of Assets by Line of Business																																	Repayments of Assets by Line of Business
		Farm & Ranch										USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities								Institutional Credit			Farm & Ranch						USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities		Institutional Credit
		Loans		Guaranteed Securities		LTSPCs		USDA Securities		Loans		LTSPCs		AgVantage		Total			Loans		Guaranteed Securities		LTSPCs		USDA Securities		Loans		LTSPCs		AgVantage		Total
		(in thousands)																															(in thousands)
For the quarter ended:	For the quarter ended:																	For the quarter ended:
Scheduled																		Scheduled	$	174,986	$	2,524	$	32,276	$	29,654	$	54,513	$	14,100	$	547,236	$	855,289
Unscheduled																		Unscheduled	326,025		1,934		66,074		138,518		—		—		—		532,551
September 30, 2020																		September 30, 2020	$	501,011	$	4,458	$	98,350	$	168,172	$	54,513	$	14,100	$	547,236	$	1,387,840

Scheduled																		Scheduled	$	101,264	$	3,043	$	39,010	$	37,879	$	23,589	$	25,132	$	471,295	$	701,212
Unscheduled																		Unscheduled	248,890		4,034		92,177		154,536		3,935		—		—		503,572
June 30, 2020																		June 30, 2020	$	350,154	$	7,077	$	131,187	$	192,415	$	27,524	$	25,132	$	471,295	$	1,204,784

Scheduled	Scheduled	$	128,768	$	6,132	$	50,393	$	43,069	$	34,235	$	13,593	$	304,540	$	580,730	Scheduled	$	128,768	$	6,132	$	50,393	$	43,069	$	34,235	$	13,593	$	304,540	$	580,730
Unscheduled	Unscheduled	191,260		3,888		60,442		78,806		—		—		—		334,396		Unscheduled	191,260		3,888		60,442		78,806		—		—		—		334,396
March 31, 2020	March 31, 2020	$	320,028	$	10,020	$	110,835	$	121,875	$	34,235	$	13,593	$	304,540	$	915,126	March 31, 2020	$	320,028	$	10,020	$	110,835	$	121,875	$	34,235	$	13,593	$	304,540	$	915,126

Scheduled	Scheduled	$	57,488	$	4,737	$	39,878	$	25,142	$	10,317	$	10,551	$	656,095	$	804,208	Scheduled	$	57,488	$	4,737	$	39,878	$	25,142	$	10,317	$	10,551	$	656,095	$	804,208
Unscheduled	Unscheduled	105,671		3,247		74,121		66,011		34,063		—		13,000		296,113		Unscheduled	105,671		3,247		74,121		66,011		34,063		—		13,000		296,113
December 31, 2019	December 31, 2019	$	163,159	$	7,984	$	113,999	$	91,153	$	44,380	$	10,551	$	669,095	$	1,100,321	December 31, 2019	$	163,159	$	7,984	$	113,999	$	91,153	$	44,380	$	10,551	$	669,095	$	1,100,321

Scheduled	Scheduled	$	97,421	$	3,095	$	22,713	$	27,853	$	31,656	$	8,692	$	441,575	$	633,005	Scheduled	$	97,421	$	3,095	$	22,713	$	27,853	$	31,656	$	8,692	$	441,575	$	633,005
Unscheduled	Unscheduled	129,676		2,663		76,883		39,442		—		—		1,088		249,752		Unscheduled	129,676		2,663		76,883		39,442		—		—		1,088		249,752
September 30, 2019	September 30, 2019	$	227,097	$	5,758	$	99,596	$	67,295	$	31,656	$	8,692	$	442,663	$	882,757	September 30, 2019	$	227,097	$	5,758	$	99,596	$	67,295	$	31,656	$	8,692	$	442,663	$	882,757

Scheduled	Scheduled	$	39,879	$	3,758	$	58,779	$	38,676	$	6,951	$	17,092	$	612,964	$	778,099	Scheduled	$	39,879	$	3,758	$	58,779	$	38,676	$	6,951	$	17,092	$	612,964	$	778,099
Unscheduled	Unscheduled	64,912		3,399		58,979		43,044		—		—		—		170,334		Unscheduled	64,912		3,399		58,979		43,044		—		—		—		170,334
June 30, 2019	June 30, 2019	$	104,791	$	7,157	$	117,758	$	81,720	$	6,951	$	17,092	$	612,964	$	948,433	June 30, 2019	$	104,791	$	7,157	$	117,758	$	81,720	$	6,951	$	17,092	$	612,964	$	948,433

Scheduled	Scheduled	$	112,973	$	5,843	$	74,054	$	41,266	$	31,492	$	7,660	$	470,812	$	744,100	Scheduled	$	112,973	$	5,843	$	74,054	$	41,266	$	31,492	$	7,660	$	470,812	$	744,100
Unscheduled	Unscheduled	67,608		1,798		50,482		46,798		24,448		—		5,587		196,721		Unscheduled	67,608		1,798		50,482		46,798		24,448		—		5,587		196,721
March 31, 2019	March 31, 2019	$	180,581	$	7,641	$	124,536	$	88,064	$	55,940	$	7,660	$	476,399	$	940,821	March 31, 2019	$	180,581	$	7,641	$	124,536	$	88,064	$	55,940	$	7,660	$	476,399	$	940,821

Scheduled	Scheduled	$	36,006	$	8,331	$	35,682	$	24,793	$	6,321	$	16,062	$	568,277	$	695,472	Scheduled	$	36,006	$	8,331	$	35,682	$	24,793	$	6,321	$	16,062	$	568,277	$	695,472
Unscheduled	Unscheduled	56,299		9,257		33,319		21,135		20,538		—		—		140,548		Unscheduled	56,299		9,257		33,319		21,135		20,538		—		—		140,548
December 31, 2018	December 31, 2018	$	92,305	$	17,588	$	69,001	$	45,928	$	26,859	$	16,062	$	568,277	$	836,020	December 31, 2018	$	92,305	$	17,588	$	69,001	$	45,928	$	26,859	$	16,062	$	568,277	$	836,020

Scheduled	Scheduled	$	73,476	$	5,677	$	21,742	$	28,135	$	25,640	$	8,286	$	1,102,798	$	1,265,754	Scheduled	$	73,476	$	5,677	$	21,742	$	28,135	$	25,640	$	8,286	$	1,102,798	$	1,265,754
Unscheduled	Unscheduled	77,492		4,562		47,159		35,068		3,476		—		9,760		177,517		Unscheduled	77,492		4,562		47,159		35,068		3,476		—		9,760		177,517
September 30, 2018	September 30, 2018	$	150,968	$	10,239	$	68,901	$	63,203	$	29,116	$	8,286	$	1,112,558	$	1,443,271	September 30, 2018	$	150,968	$	10,239	$	68,901	$	63,203	$	29,116	$	8,286	$	1,112,558	$	1,443,271

Scheduled		$	33,075	$	8,391	$	31,067	$	36,983	$	353	$	8,699	$	759,223	$	877,791
Unscheduled		86,426		8,273		69,539		66,601		51,306		—		—		282,145
June 30, 2018		$	119,501	$	16,664	$	100,606	$	103,584	$	51,659	$	8,699	$	759,223	$	1,159,936

Scheduled		$	110,733	$	14,085	$	70,057	$	40,811	$	26,507	$	—	$	392,310	$	654,503
Unscheduled		73,502		4,929		81,204		43,189		14,952		120,022		—		337,798
March 31, 2018		$	184,235	$	19,014	$	151,261	$	84,000	$	41,459	$	120,022	$	392,310	$	992,301

For the year ended:	For the year ended:																	For the year ended:
Scheduled	Scheduled	$	307,761	$	17,433	$	195,424	$	132,937	$	80,416	$	43,995	$	2,181,446	$	2,959,412	Scheduled	$	307,761	$	17,433	$	195,424	$	132,937	$	80,416	$	43,995	$	2,181,446	$	2,959,412
Unscheduled	Unscheduled	367,867		11,107		260,465		195,295		58,511		—		19,675		912,920		Unscheduled	367,867		11,107		260,465		195,295		58,511		—		19,675		912,920
December 31, 2019	December 31, 2019	$	675,628	$	28,540	$	455,889	$	328,232	$	138,927	$	43,995	$	2,201,121	$	3,872,332	December 31, 2019	$	675,628	$	28,540	$	455,889	$	328,232	$	138,927	$	43,995	$	2,201,121	$	3,872,332

Scheduled	Scheduled	$	253,290	$	36,484	$	158,548	$	130,722	$	58,821	$	33,047	$	2,822,608	$	3,493,520	Scheduled	$	253,290	$	36,484	$	158,548	$	130,722	$	58,821	$	33,047	$	2,822,608	$	3,493,520
Unscheduled	Unscheduled	293,719		27,021		231,221		165,993		90,272		120,022		9,760		938,008		Unscheduled	293,719		27,021		231,221		165,993		90,272		120,022		9,760		938,008
December 31, 2018	December 31, 2018	$	547,009	$	63,505	$	389,769	$	296,715	$	149,093	$	153,069	$	2,832,368	$	4,431,528	December 31, 2018	$	547,009	$	63,505	$	389,769	$	296,715	$	149,093	$	153,069	$	2,832,368	$	4,431,528

~~101~~118

Table 37


Lines of Business - Outstanding Business Volume	Lines of Business - Outstanding Business Volume																																	Lines of Business - Outstanding Business Volume
		Farm & Ranch										USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities								Institutional Credit			Farm & Ranch						USDA Guarantees		Rural Utilities		Institutional Credit
		Loans		Guaranteed Securities		LTSPCs		USDA Securities		Loans		LTSPCs		AgVantage		Total			Loans		Guaranteed Securities		LTSPCs		USDA Securities		Loans		LTSPCs		AgVantage		Total
		(in thousands)																															(in thousands)
As of:	As of:																	As of:
September 30, 2020																		September 30, 2020	$	5,857,324	$	85,767	$	2,306,258	$	2,735,129	$	2,109,355	$	575,953	$	8,319,502	$	21,989,288
June 30, 2020																		June 30, 2020	5,617,512		90,225		2,310,113		2,677,807		2,101,568		590,053		8,654,830		22,042,108
March 31, 2020	March 31, 2020	$	5,358,382	$	97,302	$	2,355,910	$	2,646,206	$	1,789,726	$	595,685	$	8,696,101	$	21,539,312	March 31, 2020	5,358,382		97,302		2,355,910		2,646,206		1,789,726		595,685		8,696,101		21,539,312
December 31, 2019	December 31, 2019	5,276,557		107,322		2,393,071		2,620,175		1,671,293		609,278		8,440,246		21,117,942		December 31, 2019	5,276,557		107,322		2,393,071		2,620,175		1,671,293		609,278		8,440,246		21,117,942
September 30, 2019	September 30, 2019	4,836,966		115,306		2,441,456		2,567,763		1,612,773		619,829		8,738,266		20,932,359		September 30, 2019	4,836,966		115,306		2,441,456		2,567,763		1,612,773		619,829		8,738,266		20,932,359
June 30, 2019	June 30, 2019	4,754,258		121,064		2,416,030		2,521,394		1,527,150		628,521		8,778,318		20,746,735		June 30, 2019	4,754,258		121,064		2,416,030		2,521,394		1,527,150		628,521		8,778,318		20,746,735
March 31, 2019	March 31, 2019	4,610,897		128,221		2,476,467		2,484,779		1,429,101		645,613		8,731,835		20,506,913		March 31, 2019	4,610,897		128,221		2,476,467		2,484,779		1,429,101		645,613		8,731,835		20,506,913
December 31, 2018	December 31, 2018	4,588,322		135,862		2,509,787		2,515,620		938,843		653,273		8,382,817		19,724,524		December 31, 2018	4,588,322		135,862		2,509,787		2,515,620		938,843		653,273		8,382,817		19,724,524
September 30, 2018	September 30, 2018	4,420,619		287,594		2,363,805		2,471,251		962,702		669,335		8,365,280		19,540,586		September 30, 2018	4,420,619		287,594		2,363,805		2,471,251		962,702		669,335		8,365,280		19,540,586
June 30, 2018		4,378,958		297,833		2,368,606		2,418,115		991,819		677,621		8,391,885		19,524,837
March 31, 2018		4,274,359		314,497		2,343,146		2,391,739		1,043,477		686,320		8,325,905		19,379,443

Table 38


On-Balance Sheet Outstanding Business Volume	On-Balance Sheet Outstanding Business Volume																	On-Balance Sheet Outstanding Business Volume
		Fixed Rate		5- to 10-Year ARMs & Resets		1-Month to 3-Year ARMs		Total Held in Portfolio			Fixed Rate		5- to 10-Year ARMs & Resets		1-Month to 3-Year ARMs		Total Held in Portfolio
		(in thousands)															(in thousands)
As of:	As of:									As of:
September 30, 2020										September 30, 2020	$	10,879,372	$	2,811,547	$	5,013,640	$	18,704,559
June 30, 2020										June 30, 2020	10,793,629		2,845,266		5,076,445		18,715,340
March 31, 2020	March 31, 2020	$	10,296,598	$	2,818,869	$	4,996,478	$	18,111,945	March 31, 2020	10,296,598		2,818,869		4,996,478		18,111,945
December 31, 2019	December 31, 2019	10,045,712		2,863,199		4,702,577		17,611,488		December 31, 2019	10,045,712		2,863,199		4,702,577		17,611,488
September 30, 2019	September 30, 2019	9,642,802		2,850,000		4,549,689		17,042,491		September 30, 2019	9,642,802		2,850,000		4,549,689		17,042,491
June 30, 2019	June 30, 2019	9,446,117		2,825,151		4,601,917		16,873,185		June 30, 2019	9,446,117		2,825,151		4,601,917		16,873,185
March 31, 2019	March 31, 2019	9,206,082		2,720,639		4,643,506		16,570,227		March 31, 2019	9,206,082		2,720,639		4,643,506		16,570,227
December 31, 2018	December 31, 2018	8,325,347		2,717,505		4,705,169		15,748,021		December 31, 2018	8,325,347		2,717,505		4,705,169		15,748,021
September 30, 2018	September 30, 2018	7,945,007		2,629,612		4,986,987		15,561,606		September 30, 2018	7,945,007		2,629,612		4,986,987		15,561,606
June 30, 2018		7,551,149		2,594,399		5,398,021		15,543,569
March 31, 2018		7,507,581		2,498,985		5,432,923		15,439,489

~~102~~119

The following table presents the quarterly net effective spread (a non-GAAP measure) by segment:

Table 39


		Net Effective Spread by Line of Business																																																												Net Effective Spread by Line of Business
		Farm & Ranch						USDA Guarantees						Rural Utilities						Institutional Credit												Corporate									Net Effective Spread									Farm & Ranch						USDA Guarantees						Rural Utilities				Institutional Credit	Corporate	Net Effective Spread
		Dollars		Yield		Dollars		Yield		Dollars		Yield		Dollars		Yield		Dollars		Yield		Dollars					Yield				Dollars			Yield			Dollars			Yield				Dollars			Yield			Dollars			Yield			Dollars			Yield			Dollars		Yield
		(dollars in thousands)																																																											(dollars in thousands)
For the quarter ended:	For the quarter ended:																								For the quarter ended:
March 31, 2020⁽¹⁾		$	14,938	1.64	%	$	4,625	0.81	%	$	4,920	1.14	%	$	17,702	0.84	%	$	1,978	0.21	%	$	44,163				0.89	%
September 30, 2020(1)																								September 30, 2020(1)	$	18,025				1.67		%	$	5,865		0.97		%	$	6,939			1.32		%	$	18,601		0.87		%	$	2,372		0.23		%	$	51,802		0.96		%
June 30, 2020																								June 30, 2020	16,733					1.71		%	4,689			0.81		%	5,516				1.15		%	18,782			0.86		%	749			0.08		%	46,469			0.89		%
March 31, 2020																								March 31, 2020	14,938					1.64		%	4,625			0.81		%	4,920				1.14		%	17,702			0.84		%	1,978			0.21		%	44,163			0.89		%
December 31, 2019	December 31, 2019	16,374		1.90	%	4,363		0.78	%	4,871		1.17	%	18,008		0.85	%	2,375		0.27	%	45,991					0.95	%	December 31, 2019		16,374			1.90	%		4,363			0.78		%		4,871			1.17	%		18,008			0.85	%		2,375			0.27	%		45,991		0.95	%
September 30, 2019		13,181		1.66	%	4,314		0.79	%	4,502		1.16	%	17,807		0.84	%	2,657		0.30	%	42,461					0.90	%
September 30, 2019(1)																								September 30, 2019(1)	13,181					1.66		%	4,314			0.79		%	4,502				1.16		%	17,807			0.84		%	2,657			0.30		%	42,461			0.90		%
June 30, 2019	June 30, 2019	13,335		1.72	%	4,097		0.76	%	3,996		1.10	%	17,371		0.82	%	2,556		0.34	%	41,355					0.91	%	June 30, 2019		13,335			1.72	%		4,097			0.76		%		3,996			1.10	%		17,371			0.82	%		2,556			0.34	%		41,355		0.91	%
March 31, 2019⁽¹⁾		12,737		1.70	%	3,964		0.74	%	3,233		1.12	%	16,373		0.79	%	2,494		0.35	%	38,801					0.89	%
March 31, 2019																								March 31, 2019	12,737					1.70		%	3,964			0.74		%	3,233				1.12		%	16,373			0.79		%	2,494			0.35		%	38,801			0.89		%
December 31, 2018	December 31, 2018	13,288		1.79	%	4,630		0.85	%	2,833		1.19	%	15,751		0.80	%	2,353		0.36	%	38,855					0.93	%	December 31, 2018		13,288			1.79	%		4,630			0.85		%		2,833			1.19	%		15,751			0.80	%		2,353			0.36	%		38,855		0.93	%
September 30, 2018	September 30, 2018	13,887		1.91	%	4,627		0.86	%	2,877		1.18	%	15,642		0.78	%	2,044		0.30	%	39,077					0.93	%	September 30, 2018		13,887			1.91	%		4,627			0.86		%		2,877			1.18	%		15,642			0.78	%		2,044			0.30	%		39,077		0.93	%
June 30, 2018		13,347		1.86	%	4,398		0.83	%	2,923		1.15	%	15,220		0.76	%	274		0.04	%	36,162					0.86	%
March 31, 2018		12,540		1.80	%	4,400		0.82	%	2,950		1.12	%	14,824		0.78	%	2,387		0.36	%	37,101					0.91	%

⁽¹⁾See Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements for a reconciliation of GAAP net interest income by line of business to net effective spread by line of business for the three months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 and 2019.

~~103~~120

The following table presents quarterly core earnings (a non-GAAP measure) reconciled to net income attributable to common stockholders:

Table 40


		Core Earnings by Quarter End																																			Core Earnings by Quarter End
		March 2020		December 2019		September 2019		June 2019		March 2019		December 2018		September 2018		June 2018		March 2018			September 2020		June 2020		March 2020		December 2019		September 2019		June 2019		March 2019		December 2018		September 2018
		(in thousands)																																			(in thousands)
Revenues:	Revenues:																			Revenues:
Net effective spread	Net effective spread	$	44,163	$	45,991	$	42,461	$	41,355	$	38,801	$	38,855	$	39,077	$	36,162	$	37,101	Net effective spread	$	51,802	$	46,469	$	44,163	$	45,991	$	42,461	$	41,355	$	38,801	$	38,855	$	39,077
Guarantee and commitment fees	Guarantee and commitment fees	4,896		5,432		5,208		5,276		5,419		5,309		5,170		5,171		5,083		Guarantee and commitment fees	4,659		4,943		4,896		5,432		5,208		5,276		5,419		5,309		5,170
Other	Other	674		100		389		777		509		(129)		110		111		428		Other	453		1,048		674		100		389		777		509		(129)		110
Total revenues	Total revenues	49,733		51,523		48,058		47,408		44,729		44,035		44,357		41,444		42,612		Total revenues	56,914		52,460		49,733		51,523		48,058		47,408		44,729		44,035		44,357

Credit related expense/(income):	Credit related expense/(income):																			Credit related expense/(income):
Provision for/(release of) losses	Provision for/(release of) losses	3,831		2,851		623		420		(393)		166		(3)		582		(410)		Provision for/(release of) losses	1,200		51		3,831		2,851		623		420		(393)		166		(3)
REO operating expenses	REO operating expenses	—		—		—		64		—		—		—		—		16		REO operating expenses	—		—		—		—		—		64		—		—		—
(Gains)/losses on sale of REO	(Gains)/losses on sale of REO	(485)		—		—		—		—		—		41		(34)		—		(Gains)/losses on sale of REO	—		—		(485)		—		—		—		—		—		41
Total credit related expense/(income)	Total credit related expense/(income)	3,346		2,851		623		484		(393)		166		38		548		(394)		Total credit related expense/(income)	1,200		51		3,346		2,851		623		484		(393)		166		38

Operating expenses:	Operating expenses:																			Operating expenses:
Compensation and employee benefits	Compensation and employee benefits	10,127		6,732		7,654		6,770		7,606		7,167		6,777		6,936		6,654		Compensation and employee benefits	8,791		8,087		10,127		6,732		7,654		6,770		7,606		7,167		6,777
General and administrative	General and administrative	5,363		5,773		5,253		4,689		4,596		5,829		4,350		5,202		4,326		General and administrative	5,044		5,295		5,363		5,773		5,253		4,689		4,596		5,829		4,350
Regulatory fees	Regulatory fees	725		725		688		687		688		687		625		625		625		Regulatory fees	725		725		725		725		688		687		688		687		625
Total operating expenses	Total operating expenses	16,215��		13,230		13,595		12,146		12,890		13,683		11,752		12,763		11,605		Total operating expenses	14,560		14,107		16,215		13,230		13,595		12,146		12,890		13,683		11,752

Net earnings	Net earnings	30,172		35,442		33,840		34,778		32,232		30,186		32,567		28,133		31,401		Net earnings	41,154		38,302		30,172		35,442		33,840		34,778		32,232		30,186		32,567
Income tax expense	Income tax expense	6,598		7,526		7,018		7,351		6,715		6,431		6,891		5,477		6,259		Income tax expense	8,297		8,016		6,598		7,526		7,018		7,351		6,715		6,431		6,891

Preferred stock dividends	Preferred stock dividends	3,431		3,432		3,427		3,785		3,296		3,296		3,295		3,296		3,295		Preferred stock dividends	5,166		3,939		3,431		3,432		3,427		3,785		3,296		3,296		3,295
Core earnings	Core earnings	$	20,143	$	24,484	$	23,395	$	23,642	$	22,221	$	20,459	$	22,381	$	19,360	$	21,847	Core earnings	$	27,691	$	26,347	$	20,143	$	24,484	$	23,395	$	23,642	$	22,221	$	20,459	$	22,381

Reconciling items:	Reconciling items:																			Reconciling items:
Gains/(losses) on undesignated financial derivatives due to fair value changes		(6,484)		4,469		(7,117)		10,485		2,240		(96)		3,625		6,709		(2,279)
(Losses)/gains on undesignated financial derivatives due to fair value changes																				(Losses)/gains on undesignated financial derivatives due to fair value changes	(4,149)		8,700		(6,484)		4,469		(7,117)		10,485		2,240		(96)		3,625
(Losses)/gains on hedging activities due to fair value changes	(Losses)/gains on hedging activities due to fair value changes	(5,925)		(220)		(4,535)		(1,438)		(2,817)		(853)		1,051		1,687		2,564		(Losses)/gains on hedging activities due to fair value changes	(5,245)		(2,676)		(5,925)		(220)		(4,535)		(1,438)		(2,817)		(853)		1,051
Unrealized gains/(losses) on trading assets		106		172		49		61		44		57		(3)		11		16
Unrealized (losses)/gains on trading assets																				Unrealized (losses)/gains on trading assets	(258)		(20)		106		172		49		61		44		57		(3)
Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value	Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value	3		40		(7)		(139)		(16)		67		(38)		196		(686)		Amortization of premiums/discounts and deferred gains on assets consolidated at fair value	97		35		3		40		(7)		(139)		(16)		67		(38)
Net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	Net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	(1,300)		1,339		232		(592)		110		(312)		546		232		1,242		Net effects of terminations or net settlements on financial derivatives	233		720		(1,300)		1,339		232		(592)		110		(312)		546
Issuance costs on the retirement of preferred stock	Issuance costs on the retirement of preferred stock	—		—		—		(1,956)		—		—		—		—		—		Issuance costs on the retirement of preferred stock	(1,667)		—		—		—		—		(1,956)		—		—		—

Income tax effect related to reconciling items	Income tax effect related to reconciling items	2,856		(1,218)		2,389		(1,759)		92		238		(1,088)		(1,855)		(180)		Income tax effect related to reconciling items	1,957		(1,419)		2,856		(1,218)		2,389		(1,759)		92		238		(1,088)
Net income attributable to common stockholders	Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	9,399	$	29,066	$	14,406	$	28,304	$	21,874	$	19,560	$	26,474	$	26,340	$	22,524	Net income attributable to common stockholders	$	18,659	$	31,687	$	9,399	$	29,066	$	14,406	$	28,304	$	21,874	$	19,560	$	26,474

~~104~~121

Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Farmer Mac is exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates. Farmer Mac manages this market risk by entering into various financial transactions, including financial derivatives, and by monitoring and measuring its exposure to changes in interest rates. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Interest Rate Risk" for more information about Farmer Mac's exposure to interest rate risk and its strategies to manage that risk. For information about Farmer Mac's use of financial derivatives and related accounting policies, see Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements.

Item 4.Controls and Procedures

Management's Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Farmer Mac maintains disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its periodic filings under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”), including this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported on a timely basis. These disclosure controls and procedures include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to Farmer Mac's management on a timely basis to allow decisions about required disclosure. Management, including Farmer Mac's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of Farmer Mac's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined under Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020.

Farmer Mac carried out the evaluation of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures, required by paragraph (b) of Exchange Act Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Based upon this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that Farmer Mac's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in Farmer Mac's internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended ~~March 31,~~September 30, 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Farmer Mac's internal control over financial reporting.

~~105~~122

PART II

Item 1.Legal Proceedings

None.

Item 1A.Risk Factors

~~The~~For a discussion of our risk factors ~~in this section update and supplement the risk factors described in "Risk Factors" in~~see Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" of Farmer Mac's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 ("2019 Form 10-K"), as filed with the SEC on February 25, 2020, and as updated by Farmer Mac's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 6, ~~2020. In addition to~~2020, Farmer Mac's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the ~~other~~SEC on May 11, 2020, and Farmer Mac's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on August 10, 2020 ("2020 Second Quarter Form 10-Q"). The information included in the "Risk Factors" section of the 2020 Second Quarter Form 10-Q is incorporated by reference herein. The risk factors in this ~~report, you should carefully consider all of~~section update and supplement the risk factors ~~discussed~~described in "Risk Factors" in the 2019 Form 10-K and ~~below.~~the 2020 Second Quarter Form 10-Q. The primary risks to our business and how we seek to manage those risks are also described in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management," in the 2019 Form 10-K and in this report. The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened some of the risks Farmer Mac normally faces in operating its business, and Farmer Mac's risk factor disclosures are qualified by the information relating to the COVID-19 pandemic and related effects described in this report, including the updated risk factors below. The risks we face could materially affect our business, operations, operating results, financial condition, liquidity, capital levels, or future results and could cause our actual results to differ materially from our past results or the results contemplated by any forward-looking statements we make.

Farmer Mac’s efforts to manage and mitigate these risk factors may be unsuccessful, and the effectiveness of these efforts and the extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic affects Farmer Mac’s business, results of operations, and financial condition will depend on factors beyond its control, including: the duration, severity, and spread of the pandemic; third-party and government actions taken to contain COVID-19 or treat its impact and mitigate public health and economic effects; the nature and extent of the deferments approved for borrowers negatively affected by COVID-19; the ~~behavior~~conduct of agricultural producer borrowers in response to the COVID-19 pandemic and how quickly and to what extent affected borrowers can recover from the negative economic impact of the pandemic; and how quickly and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume, including whether any future COVID-19 outbreaks interrupt economic recovery. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial may also adversely affect our business and the trading price of our securities, particularly in light of the fast-changing nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, containment and stimulus measures, continued outbreaks and increasing rates of infection, and the related impacts to economic and operating conditions. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic is over, Farmer Mac may continue to experience material adverse effects to its business as a result of the disruption in the global economy, the domestic agricultural economy, and any resulting recession. Because there have been no comparable recent global pandemics that resulted in similar global macroeconomic impact, Farmer Mac does not yet know the full extent of the effects on its business, operations, or the global economy as a whole, but they could materially and adversely affect Farmer Mac’s business, operations, operating results, financial condition, liquidity, or capital levels as discussed in more detail below.

~~The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are uncertain and could have a material adverse effect on Farmer Mac's business, operations, operating results, financial condition, liquidity, or capital levels.~~

The COVID-19 pandemic is creating extensive disruptions to the global economy and to the lives of individuals throughout the world. Governments, businesses, and the public are taking unprecedented actions to contain the spread of COVID-19 and to mitigate its effects, including quarantines, travel bans and restrictions, shelter in place orders, closures of businesses and schools, fiscal stimulus, and legislation designed to deliver monetary aid and other relief. The scope, duration, and full effects of COVID-19 remain uncertain, but it is clear that the pandemic and related efforts to contain it have disrupted global

~~106~~

economic activity, adversely affected the functioning of financial markets, increased economic and market uncertainty, and disrupted trade and supply chains, and may continue to do so for the foreseeable future. Although Farmer Mac has not observed a material effect on its business from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, if these effects continue for a protracted period or result in sustained economic stress or recession, many of the risks identified in Farmer Mac’s 2019 Form 10-K could be exacerbated and could manifest in a number of ways related to credit, collateral, customer demand, funding, operations, interest rate risk, and human capital, possibly with materially greater material adverse effect than Farmer Mac currently anticipates.

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic may negatively affect counterparties’ profitability and ability to repay their loans and other obligations in Farmer Mac’s portfolio, which could have a material adverse effect on Farmer Mac’s financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, or capital levels.

Farmer Mac assumes the ultimate credit risk of borrower defaults on its agricultural mortgage and rural utilities loan assets, including AgVantage securities, and Farmer Mac's earnings depend significantly on their performance. Farmer Mac recognizes that the COVID-19 pandemic may create significant stress for agricultural and rural borrowers because of disruptions to employees, markets, transportation, and other factors important to their operations. If the effects of COVID-19 result in widespread and sustained repayment shortfalls on loans in Farmer Mac's portfolio or defaults by AgVantage counterparties, Farmer Mac could incur significant credit losses, particularly if conditions cause land and asset values to deteriorate and the available collateral is insufficient to cover Farmer Mac's exposure, which likely would have a material adverse effect on Farmer Mac's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, or capital levels.

Concentrated exposure to a particular borrower or AgVantage counterparty may exacerbate the credit risk Farmer Mac faces from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, which could materially and adversely affect its business, operating results, or financial condition.

Farmer Mac may be subject to credit risk due to concentrated exposure to a particular borrower. Farmer Mac’s Farm & Ranch portfolio consists of loans varying in size and by borrower, including large exposures ($25 million or more) to individual borrowers. The default of any one of these borrowers due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic could negatively affect Farmer Mac's financial condition. Farmer Mac also has concentrated exposures to individual business counterparties on AgVantage securities, which are general obligations of institutional counterparties secured by eligible loans held by the issuing institution. Although AgVantage securities are collateralized by eligible loans in a principal amount equal to or greater than the principal amount of the securities outstanding, Farmer Mac could suffer losses if the counterparty defaults and the market value of the loan collateral has declined, whether due to the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic or otherwise. If an AgVantage counterparty experiences stress in its loan collateral portfolio due to increased borrower defaults, whether from the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic or otherwise, it may also increase the likelihood of the AgVantage counterparty defaulting. Taking possession of the loan collateral upon a default by the AgVantage counterparty could also result in higher current expected credit losses for Farmer Mac's loans held on balance sheet, as well as increased capital requirements, particularly if those loans are experiencing default or stress due to COVID-19. Most of Farmer Mac's AgVantage exposure is concentrated in a small number of issuers. As of March 31, 2020, $8.0 billion of the $8.7 billion of AgVantage securities outstanding had been issued by three counterparties. A default by any of these counterparties could have a significant adverse effect on Farmer Mac's business, operating results, or financial condition.

~~107~~123

Disruptions in the food supply chain due to the COVID-19 pandemic could have a negative effect on borrowers' profitability and repayment capacity, which could have a material adverse effect on Farmer Mac's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, or capital levels.

The ~~COVID-19 pandemic~~trading price for Farmer Mac's Class C non-voting common stock may be volatile due to market influences, trading volume, the effects of equity awards for Farmer Mac's officers, directors, and employees, or sales of significant amounts of the stock by large holders.

The trading price of Farmer Mac's Class C non-voting common stock ("Class C stock") has ~~caused~~at times experienced substantial price volatility and may continue to ~~cause restrictions and closures~~be volatile. For example, from January 2020 to October 2020, the closing price of ~~businesses,~~the Class C stock ranged from $43.02 per share to $83.55 per share. The trading price may fluctuate in response to various factors, including ~~agricultural producers, as employers and government authorities respond~~short sales, hedging, the presence or absence of a share repurchase program, stock market influences in general that are unrelated to Farmer Mac's operating performance (including COVID-19), or sales of significant amounts of the ~~public health crisis. Not only~~stock by large holders. Farmer Mac typically grants equity awards each year that are based on the Class C stock, including grants that vest over time or upon the achievement of specified performance goals. Sales of stock acquired upon vesting or the exercise of equity awards by Farmer Mac's officers, directors, or employees, whether under an established trading plan or otherwise, could ~~these restrictions and closures~~adversely affect the ~~profitability~~trading price of the businesses experiencing them, but the corresponding disruptions in the supply chain may also put downward pressure on the demand for agricultural commodities and products and negatively affect the profitability of those producers. Borrowers who have loans in Farmer Mac's portfolio and who are experiencing negative effects on their profitability from restrictions or closures or from supply chain disruptions may also experience challenges in their ability to repay those loans. These effects may be exacerbated the longer these conditions continue. Widespread and prolonged restrictions, closures, and supply chain disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic that negatively affect agricultural producers could lead to significant delinquencies and defaults in Farmer Mac's loan portfolio, which could have a material adverse effect on Farmer Mac's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, or capital levels.

A large number of loan payment deferments resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic could have a material adverse effect on Farmer Mac's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, or capital levels.Class C stock.

As to the ~~negative economic conditions triggered~~potential effect of sales of significant amounts of the Class C stock by ~~the COVID-19 pandemic continue,~~large holders, Farmer Mac is aware of a regulatory action that could result in significant sales by Zions Bancorporation, National Association (“Zions”), which held 600,000 shares of Class C stock (approximately 6.5% of the outstanding shares) as of November 6, 2020. In a letter granting conditional approval of a proposed merger involving Zions, the applicable federal regulator found that, although Zions had requested to maintain its ownership in Farmer Mac’s Class C stock after the merger, the continued ownership of Class C stock (held by Zions' holding company before the merger) would not be a permissible investment for the surviving national bank entity of the merger based on then-current precedent. Under the terms of the conditional approval letter, Zions was to divest its ownership of the Class C stock by September 30, 2020, however Zions has ~~observed~~indicated in its Quarterly Report filed on Form 10-Q on May 6, 2020, that the regulator has granted approval for Zions to extend the original sale deadline from September 30, 2020 to a date which will enable an ~~increase in payment deferment requests from loan servicers on behalf~~orderly sale of borrowers to help them avoid default on their loans, and we expect those requests to continue to increase. For more information on Farmer Mac's Farm & Ranch payment deferments, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Risk Management—Credit Risk—Loans & Guarantees."its Farmer Mac ~~funds these loans through~~Class C stock. Even though the regulator has made the determination to allow Zions to sell the Class C stock over an extended period, Zions is still required to sell all or a significant amount of its ~~issuance~~remaining Class C stock, and those sales could adversely affect the trading price of ~~debt~~the Class C stock. The merger condition related to Zions’ ownership of Class C stock does not apply to Zions’ ownership of 322,100 shares of Farmer Mac’s Class A voting common stock (approximately 31.25% of the outstanding shares of that stock as of September 30, 2020). Farmer Mac believes that Zions' sales of the Class C stock, and the expectation that its sales will continue until all shares are sold, have in the ~~capital markets. If Farmer Mac approves a significant volume of deferment requests~~past and can be expected in the future to negatively impact the potential for ~~loans held~~increases in its portfolio, it will receive diminished or no income on these loans for a period of time while still having required debt payments, which could materially and adversely affect Farmer Mac's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, or capital levels. Deferment requests may also come from borrowers whose loans collateralize securities on which Farmer Mac has guaranteed timely payment of principal and interest. If Farmer Mac approves a significant volume of deferment requests for loans collateralizing these guaranteed securities, Farmer Mac will be required to make guarantee payments to the holders of many of these securities, or may elect to repurchase the loans from the pools collateralizing these securities, either of which could materially and adversely affect Farmer Mac's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, or capital levels. Asprice of the date of this report, Farmer Mac was not subject to any legislative or regulatory requirements or directives that would require forbearance of loan payments for a specified time or that would limit its ability to pursue all available remedies in the event of a loan default, but there is no assurance that such measures will not be implemented in the future. If Farmer Mac became subject to a regulatory requirement to forgive, forbear, or defer all or part of borrowers' loan payments due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, Farmer Mac's volume of payment deferments could significantly increase, which could have a material adverse effect on Farmer Mac's financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, or capital levels.Class C stock.

~~108~~

~~The effects~~All of ~~the COVID-19 pandemic~~these factors may ~~affect the demand~~be exacerbated during periods of low trading volume for Farmer ~~Mac’s secondary market, the~~Mac's Class C stock, which has averaged approximately 50,000 shares daily during 2020, and may have a prolonged negative effect on its trading price or marketability of Farmer Mac’s products, and Farmer Mac’s ability to offer its products and services, which could materially and adversely affect Farmer Mac's business, operating results, financial condition, or capital levels.

~~The success of Farmer Mac's business may be affected by a variety of external factors that may affect the~~increase price or marketability of Farmer Mac's products and services, including disruptions in the capital markets, changes in interest rates that may increase Farmer Mac's funding costs, and reduced demand for Farmer Mac’s products due to economic conditions. The effects of COVID-19 on economic activity could negatively affect the demand for or profitability of Farmer Mac’s products and services by farmers, ranchers, rural utilities, and their lenders, which could materially and adversely affect Farmer Mac’s business, operating results, financial condition, or capital levels.

Disruptions in the equity and debt capital markets from the COVID-19 pandemic could have a material adverse effect on Farmer Mac's business, operating results, financial condition, liquidity, capital levels, or its ability to offer competitive products.

Farmer Mac's ability to operate its business, meet its obligations, generate asset volume growth, and fulfill its statutory mission depends on Farmer Mac's capacity to remain adequately capitalized through the issuance of equity and debt securities at favorable rates and terms in the U.S. financial markets. Farmer Mac's potential for growth and future net income depends in part on Farmer Mac's ability to access equity markets to raise efficient capital. The issuance of debt securities is Farmer Mac's primary source for repaying or refinancing existing debt, and one of the primary sources of Farmer Mac's revenue is the net interest income earned from the difference, or "spread," between the return received on assets held and the related borrowing costs. If the recent disruptions and volatility in the U.S. financial markets related to the COVID-19 pandemic continues or intensifies in a way that prevents Farmer Mac from accessing those markets to issue equity or debt securities at favorable rates and terms, Farmer Mac's business, operating results, or financial condition could be adversely affected.

Farmer Mac’s daily access to the debt capital markets continued to be strong through the date of this report. Issuances with maturities beyond five years have seen modest upward pressure on funding costs since mid-March 2020, although Farmer Mac has maintained access to funding beyond five years. If the upward pressure on funding costs for longer-term issuances continues or increases, or if Farmer Mac begins to experience upward pressure on shorter-term maturities, the competitiveness of and demand for Farmer Mac’s corresponding rate products may be adversely affected.

~~The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed Farmer Mac to increased cybersecurity risk and operational risk, which could adversely affect Farmer Mac’s business, results of operations, or financial condition.~~

Farmer Mac relies on business processes that largely depend on people, technology, and the use of complex systems and models to manage its business, including access to information systems and models as well as information, applications, payment systems, and other services provided by third parties. In response to the challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic, Farmer Mac has modified its business practices to focus on protecting its employees and the public while continuing to fulfill its critical mission and maintaining its regular business operations in support of the farmers, ranchers, and rural utilities of America. On March 12, 2020, Farmer Mac activated its Business Continuity Plan (“BCP”) and has been operating uninterrupted since then with all of its employees working remotely from their homes. Farmer Mac has provided guidance and support to its employees to ensure that they have the tools and knowledge needed to effectively work from home, and Farmer Mac’s technology platform and BCP have been

~~109~~

functioning as designed in support of all functions of the organization. Nonetheless, because the technology in employees’ homes may not be as robust as in Farmer Mac’s offices and could cause the networks, information systems, applications, and other tools available to employees to be more limited or less reliable than Farmer Mac’s in-office technology, the continuation of these work-from-home measures introduces additional operational risk. These risks include but are not limited to greater cybersecurity risks, strain on the local technology networks for remote operations, and potential impairment of the ability to perform critical functions, all of which could adversely affect Farmer Mac’s business, results of operations, and financial condition. Farmer Mac regularly monitors attempts by third parties to gain unauthorized access to its network and information systems through cyber-attacks. Despite the increased cybersecurity risks presented by a workforce that is operating entirely remotely, Farmer Mac had not experienced any cyber-attacks or other privacy or data security incidents through the date of this report that negatively affected the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of Farmer Mac’s information resources.

Operational disruptions or challenges due to the COVID-19 pandemic faced by third parties upon whom Farmer Mac relies in its own business operations could have a material adverse impact on its results of operations or financial condition.

Farmer Mac relies on many third parties, including vendors that supply essential services and local and federal government agencies, offices, and courthouses, in the performance of its business operations. In light of measures undertaken as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many of these entities have limited and may continue to limit the access and availability of their services. For example, Farmer Mac has observed delays in loan closings related to reductions in available staff in recording offices or the closing of courthouses to walk-in traffic in some rural counties, which is slowing the established process and turnaround times for title work and mortgage and UCC filings in those counties. Reduced personnel at or closures of USDA field offices as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic could negatively affect growth in Farmer Mac’s USDA Guarantees line of business because that business depends on obtaining a valid assignment of guarantee signed by an authorized USDA official. Farmer Mac continues to closely monitor the third parties who provide the information and services required to operate its business and their ability to continue to operate effectively in the face of the nationwide challenges posed by COVID-19. These entities include loan servicers; providers of financial information, systems, and analytical tools; providers of electronic payment and settlement systems; and providers of information technology infrastructure and business continuity services. Farmer Mac had not identified any significant disruptions with these third parties that had materially affected Farmer Mac’s business operations as of the date of this report. If some of the identified limitations in the availability of some services continue for a prolonged period or if additional limitations or potential disruptions in the ability to provide services materialize (which may be caused by a third party’s own financial or operational difficulties), it may inhibit or otherwise negatively affect the normal operations and processes for Farmer Mac’s business, which could have a material adverse impact on its results of operations or financial condition.

~~The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on interest rates could materially and adversely affect Farmer Mac’s net income, operating results, or financial condition.~~

Farmer Mac is exposed to interest rate risk that could materially and adversely affect its business, operating results, or financial condition and changes in interest rates relative to Farmer Mac’s management of interest rate risk through derivatives may cause volatility in financial results and capital levels and may adversely affect Farmer Mac’s net income, liquidity position, or operating results. Farmer Mac’s financing activities, hedging activities, net effective spread, and profitability could be negatively affected by volatility in interest rates caused by uncertainties stemming from COVID-19, as evidenced by

~~110~~

the recent actions of the Federal Reserve to significantly lower the target range for the federal funds rate based on concerns about the disruption to economic activity. Farmer Mac's primary strategy for managing interest rate risk is to fund asset purchases with liabilities that have similar duration and convexity characteristics so that they will perform similarly as interest rates change. However, a prolonged period of extremely volatile and unstable market conditions would likely increase Farmer Mac’s hedging and funding costs while negatively affecting market risk mitigation strategies. In that scenario, Farmer Mac may adjust its funding strategy for long-term fixed rate assets. Alternative funding strategies could result in greater exposure to re-funding risk and higher income volatility from changes in interest rates and movements in re-funding terms and spreads to benchmark indices such as LIBOR, which could have a material adverse effect on Farmer Mac's net income, operating results, or financial condition.

Significant disruption in the continuity of Farmer Mac's employees or executive leaders from the COVID-19 pandemic may materially and adversely affect Farmer Mac's business performance, operations, or financial condition.

Farmer Mac relies on its employees' breadth and depth of knowledge of Farmer Mac and the industries in which it operates to run its business operations successfully. A significant percentage of Farmer Mac’s employees and executive leaders live and work in the geographic region of its main office in Washington, D.C, with about 25% of the total workforce of 112 individuals distributed in other geographic locations in the United States. This concentration of Farmer Mac's personnel, technology, and facilities increases Farmer Mac's risk of business disruptions if the negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic affect the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area disproportionately compared to other regions of the country. If Farmer Mac experiences widespread cases of COVID-19 among its employees, it would place more pressure on the remaining employees to perform all functions across the organization, could require Farmer Mac to divert or expend more resources to cover key personnel functions, and could impair the company’s ability to conduct business. A significant disruption in the continuity of Farmer Mac's employees or executive leaders caused by the COVID-19 pandemic could materially and adversely affect Farmer Mac's business performance, operations, or financial condition.

Disruption in the operations of Farmer Mac’s service providers caused by the COVID-19 pandemic or from government or third-party responses to the COVID-19 pandemic could materially and adversely affect Farmer Mac’s business, operating results, or financial condition.

Farmer Mac relies on many third-party service providers to conduct its business, including loan servicers, information systems providers, software-as-a-service (SaaS) providers, cloud computing service providers, consultants on key technology initiatives, and other service providers. Although Farmer Mac has continued to operate effectively through a fully remote workforce, disruptions in the operations of Farmer Mac’s third-party service providers caused by COVID-19-related illnesses or government or third-party actions taken to mitigate the public health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, including stay-at-home orders, could impact Farmer Mac’s operations, which could materially and adversely affect Farmer Mac’s business, operating results, or financial condition.volatility.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

(a)Farmer Mac is a federally chartered instrumentality of the United States whose debt and equity securities are exempt from registration under Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933. During ~~first~~third quarter 2020, the following transactions occurred related to Farmer Mac's equity securities that were not

124

registered under the Securities Act of 1933 and were not otherwise reported on a Current Report on Form 8-K:

~~111~~

Class C Non-Voting Common Stock. Under Farmer Mac's policy that permits directors of Farmer Mac to elect to receive shares of Class C non-voting common stock in lieu of their cash retainers, Farmer Mac issued an aggregate of ~~225~~131 shares of its Class C non-voting common stock in ~~January~~July 2020 to the four directors who elected to receive stock in lieu of their cash retainers. Farmer Mac calculated the number of shares issued to the directors based on a price of ~~$83.50~~$64.01 per share, which was the closing price of the Class C non-voting common stock on ~~December 31, 2019~~June 30, 2020 (the last trading day of the previous quarter) as reported by the New York Stock Exchange.

(b)Not applicable.

(c)~~The table below sets forth information regarding Farmer Mac's purchases of shares of its outstanding Class C non-voting common stock during the quarter ended March 31, 2020:~~None.

Total Number of Shares Purchased⁽¹⁾
Average Price Paid per Share
Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plan⁽¹⁾
Approximate Maximum Dollar Value That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plan
(dollars in thousands, except per share information)
Period:
January 1, 2020 – January 31, 2020 — $ — — $ 10,000
February 1, 2020 – February 29, 2020 — — — 10,000
March 1, 2020 – March 31, 2020 4,402 53.49 4,402 9,765
Total 4,402 $ 53.49 4,402

⁽¹⁾In March 2019, Farmer Mac's board of directors amended an existing share repurchase program first approved in 2015 to authorize Farmer Mac to repurchase up to $10.0 million of Farmer Mac's outstanding Class C non-voting common stock. Repurchases of Class C non-voting common stock will be based on guidance from the board of directors and made at management's discretion from time to time in the open market at prevailing market prices, through private transactions, or block trades, in each case subject to compliance with all SEC rules and other legal requirements, and may be made in part under one or more Rule 10b5-1 plans. The timing and amount of repurchases will depend on market conditions, share price, applicable legal requirements, and other factors. Shortly after the the repurchase of the 4,402 shares reported above, Farmer Mac terminated its Rule 10b5-1 Plan then in place, thereby indefinitely suspending its share repurchases in an effort to preserve capital and liquidity in view of market volatility and uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The Board authorization for share repurchases of up to $9,765,000 remains in place through March 2021, and Farmer Mac may determine to resume its share repurchases before that expiration date in its sole discretion.

Item 3.Defaults Upon Senior Securities

(a) None.

(b) None.

Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5.Other Information

(a) None.

(b) None.

~~112~~125

Item 6.Exhibits


*	3.1	—		Title VIII of the Farm Credit Act of 1971, as most recently amended ~~by the Agricultural Improvement Act of 2018 (Previously filed~~on June 18, 2020 (Previously file d as Exhibit 3.1 to Form ~~10-K~~10-Q filed ~~February 21, 2019)~~August 10, 2020).
*	3.2	—		Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Registrant (Previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Form 8-K filed May ~~9, 2019)~~12, 2020).
*	4.1	—		Specimen Certificate for Farmer Mac Class A Voting Common Stock (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 10-Q filed May 15, 2003).
*	4.2	—		Specimen Certificate for Farmer Mac Class B Voting Common Stock (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.2 to Form 10-Q filed May 15, 2003).
*	4.3	—		Specimen Certificate for Farmer Mac Class C Non-Voting Common Stock (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.3 to Form 10-Q filed May 15, 2003).
*	4.4	—		Specimen Certificate for 5.875% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.4.1 to Form 10-Q filed May 9, 2013).
*	4.4.1	—		Certificate of Designation of Terms and Conditions of 5.875% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series A (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-A filed January 17, 2013).
*	4.5	—		Specimen Certificate for 6.000% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series C (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.6 to Form 10-Q filed August 11, 2014).
*	4.5.1	—		Certificate of Designation of Terms and Conditions of 6.000% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series C (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-A filed June 20, 2014).
*	4.6	—		Specimen Certificate for 5.700% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series D (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.7 to Form 10-Q filed August 1, 2019).
*	4.6.1	—		Certificate of Designation of Terms and Conditions of 5.700% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series D (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-A filed May 13, 2019).
*	4.7	—	Specimen Certificate for 5.750% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series E (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.7 to Form 10-Q filed August 10, 2020).
*	4.7.1	—	Certificate of Designation of Terms and Conditions of 5.750% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series E (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-A filed May 20, 2020).
**	4.8		Specimen Certificate for 5.250% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series F.
*	4.8.1		Certificate of Designation of Terms and Conditions of 5.250% Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series F (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-A filed August 20, 2020).
**	4.9	—	Description of the Registrant's securities that are registered under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of ~~1934 (Previously filed as Exhibit 4.7 to Form 10-K filed February 25, 2020).~~
*	~~10.1~~	—	~~Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Award Agreement for grants made to non-directors on or after March 3, 2020 (Previously filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed March 10, 2020).~~1934.
*	21	—		List of the Registrant's subsidiaries (Previously filed as Exhibit 21 to Form 10-K filed March 8, 2018).
**	31.1	—		Certification of Registrant's principal executive officer relating to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form ~~10-~~Q 10-Q for the quarter ended ~~March~~September ~~31, 20~~20 ,30, 2020, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
**	31.2	—		Certification of Registrant's principal financial officer relating to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form ~~10-~~Q 10-Q for the ~~quarter~~quarter ended ~~March~~September ~~31, 20~~20 ,30, 2020, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
**	32	—		Certification of Registrant's principal executive officer and principal financial officer relating to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form ~~10-~~Q 10-Q for the quarter ended ~~March~~September ~~31, 20~~20 ,30, 2020, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
**	101.INS	—		Inline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
**	101.SCH	—		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
**	101.CAL	—		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation
**	101.DEF	—		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition
**	101.LAB	—		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label
**	101.PRE	—		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation
**	104	—		Cover Page Inline Interactive Data File - the cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document included as Exhibit 101

126


*			Incorporated by reference to the indicated prior filing.
**			Filed with this report.
#			Portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment.
†			Management contract or compensatory plan.

~~113~~

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL MORTGAGE CORPORATION

/s/ Bradford T. Nordholm

~~May 11,~~November 9, 2020

By:

Bradford T. Nordholm

Date

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Aparna Ramesh

~~May 11,~~November 9, 2020

By:

Aparna Ramesh

Date

Executive Vice President - Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

(Principal ~~Executive~~Financial Officer)

~~114~~127


	Total Number of Shares Purchased⁽¹⁾	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plan⁽¹⁾	Approximate Maximum Dollar Value That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plan
	(dollars in thousands, except per share information)
Period:
January 1, 2020 – January 31, 2020	—	$	—	—	$	10,000
February 1, 2020 – February 29, 2020	—	—		—	10,000
March 1, 2020 – March 31, 2020	4,402	53.49		4,402	9,765
Total	4,402	$	53.49	4,402