UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

[X] ☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020

~~[ ]~~ ☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _______________ to _______________.

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 000-19271

IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



~~DELAWARE~~Delaware			01-0393723
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)			(IRSEmployer Identification No.)

~~ONE~~One IDEXX ~~DRIVE, WESTBROOK, MAINE~~ Drive	Westbrook	Maine	04092
(Address of principal executive offices)			(ZIP Code)

~~207-556-0300~~

207-556-0300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities Registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.10 par value per share	IDXX	NASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ýNo ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ý No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated ~~filer”,~~filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large ~~accelerated filer~~Accelerated Filer	ý☒	Accelerated filer	¨☐
Non-accelerated filer	¨☐	Smaller reporting company	¨☐
		Emerging growth company	¨☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ ☐No ý☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date. The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s Common Stock, $0.10 par value per share, was ~~86,006,332~~84,932,969 on April ~~26, 2019.~~27, 2020.

GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND SELECTED ABBREVIATIONS

In order to aid the reader, we have included certain terms and abbreviations used throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q below:



Term/ Abbreviation	Definition

AOCI	Accumulated other comprehensive income or loss
ASU ~~2016-02~~2016-13	ASU ~~2016-02,~~ ~~Leases~~2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic ~~842);~~ ~~also referred to as the “New Leasing Standard”~~326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments
CAG	Companion Animal Group, a reporting segment that provides veterinarians diagnostic products and services and information management solutions that enhance the health and well-being of pets
Credit Facility	Our ~~$850 million five-year~~ unsecured revolving credit facility, ~~under an amended and restated credit agreement that was executed in December 2015,~~ also referred to as line of credit
FASB	U.S. Financial Accounting Standards Board
LPD	Livestock, Poultry and Dairy, a reporting segment that provides diagnostic products and services for livestock and poultry health and to ensure the quality and safety of milk and improve dairy efficiency
OPTI Medical	OPTI Medical Systems, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of IDEXX Laboratories Inc., located in Roswell, Georgia. This business ~~manufactures~~provides point-of-care and ~~supplies~~laboratory diagnostics (including electrolyte and blood gas analyzers and ~~consumables worldwide~~related consumable products) for the human ~~point-of-care~~ medical diagnostics market. The Roswell facility also manufactures electrolytes slides (instrument consumables) to run Catalyst One^®, Catalyst Dx^®, and blood gas analyzers and consumables for the veterinary market; also referred to as OPTI.
Organic revenue growth	A non-GAAP financial measure and represents the percentage change in revenue, as compared to the same period for the prior year, net of the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, certain business acquisitions and divestitures. Organic revenue growth should be considered in addition to, and not as a replacement for or as a superior measure to, revenues reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
R&D	Research and Development
Reported revenue growth	Represents the percentage change in revenue reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP, as compared to the same period in the prior year
SaaS	Software-as-a-service
SEC	U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
Senior Note Agreements	Note purchase agreements for the private placement of senior notes, ~~having an aggregate principal amount of approximately $700 million,~~ referred to as senior notes or long-term debt
U.S. GAAP	Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
Water	Water, a reporting segment that provides water microbiology testing products

IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

Table of Contents




Item No.		Page

	PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited)
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018~~2019	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) for the Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019	7
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2729
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	4245
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	4346
	PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	4346
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	4346
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	4449
Item 6.	Exhibits	4550
Signatures		4652

໿

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC.ANDSUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018			March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019

ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	116,616		$	123,794		$	81,395		$	90,326
Accounts receivable, net of reserves of $4,566 in 2019 and $4,702 in 2018	281,159			248,855
Accounts receivable, net							299,983			269,312
Inventories	189,468			173,303			211,644			195,019
Other current assets	110,403			108,220			128,329			124,982
Total current assets	697,646			654,172			721,351			679,639
Long-Term Assets:
Property and equipment, net	449,103			437,270			546,158			533,845
Operating lease right-of-use assets (Notes 2 and 6)	80,594			—
Operating lease right-of-use assets							78,612			80,607
Goodwill	214,517			214,489			233,211			239,724
Intangible assets, net	39,499			41,825			57,948			58,468
Other long-term assets	199,609			189,593			248,965			240,192
Total long-term assets	983,322			883,177			1,164,894			1,152,836
TOTAL ASSETS	$	1,680,968		$	1,537,349		$	1,886,245		$	1,832,475

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	70,143		$	69,534		$	74,210		$	72,172
Accrued liabilities	229,127			260,683			247,179			322,938
Line of credit	346,998			398,937			486,824			288,765
Current portion of deferred revenue	43,351			41,290			38,028			41,462
Total current liabilities	689,619			770,444			846,241			725,337
Long-Term Liabilities:
Deferred income tax liabilities	32,931			29,267			38,908			33,024
Long-term debt	699,334			601,348			697,363			698,910
Long-term deferred revenue, net of current portion	55,695			60,697			49,042			48,743
Long-term operating lease liabilities (Notes 2 and 6)	68,955			—
Long-term operating lease liabilities							65,343			67,472
Other long-term liabilities	82,564			84,826			81,293			81,164
Total long-term liabilities	939,479			776,138			931,949			929,313
Total liabilities	1,629,098			1,546,582			1,778,190			1,654,650

Commitments and Contingencies (Note 14)
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 16)

Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit):
Common stock, $0.10 par value: Authorized: 120,000 shares; Issued: 105,345 shares in 2019 and 105,087 shares in 2018; Outstanding: 86,054 shares in 2019 and 86,100 shares in 2018	10,535			10,509
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock, $0.10 par value: Authorized: 120,000 shares; Issued: 105,914 shares in 2020 and 105,711 shares in 2019; Outstanding: 84,929 shares in 2020 and 85,471 shares in 2019							10,591			10,571
Additional paid-in capital	1,155,875			1,138,216			1,230,485			1,213,517
Deferred stock units: Outstanding: 162 units in 2019 and 2018	4,592			4,524
Deferred stock units: Outstanding: 144 units in 2020 and 143 units in 2019							4,508			4,462
Retained earnings	1,270,609			1,167,928			1,705,646			1,595,648
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(40,015		)	(41,791		)	(55,246		)	(46,182		)
Treasury stock, at cost: 19,290 shares in 2019 and 18,988 shares in 2018	(2,350,034		)	(2,288,899		)
Total IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. stockholders’ equity (deficit)	51,562			(9,513		)
Treasury stock, at cost: 20,985 shares in 2020 and 20,240 shares in 2019							(2,788,310		)	(2,600,543		)
Total IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. stockholders’ equity							107,674			177,473
Noncontrolling interest	308			280			381			352
Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)	51,870			(9,233		)
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)	$	1,680,968		$	1,537,349
Total stockholders’ equity							108,055			177,825
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY							$	1,886,245		$	1,832,475

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

IDEXX LABORATORIES,INC.ANDSUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,						For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			2020			2019

Revenue:
Product revenue	$	334,058		$	317,440		$	364,773		$	334,058
Service revenue	241,998			220,216			261,563			241,998
Total revenue	576,056			537,656			626,336			576,056
Cost of Revenue:
Cost of product revenue	117,383			118,246			125,454			117,383
Cost of service revenue	127,076			116,311			141,292			127,076
Total cost of revenue	244,459			234,557			266,746			244,459
Gross profit	331,597			303,099			359,590			331,597
Expenses:
Sales and marketing	106,584			100,101			116,143			106,584
General and administrative	60,361			60,931			65,812			60,361
Research and development	31,514			29,023			33,310			31,514
Income from operations	133,138			113,044			144,325			133,138
Interest expense	(8,386		)	(9,274		)	(7,692		)	(8,386		)
Interest income	40			579			140			40
Income before provision for income taxes	124,792			104,349			136,773			124,792
Provision for income taxes	22,083			14,873			24,917			22,083
Net income	102,709			89,476			111,856			102,709
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest	28			25			29			28
Net income attributable to IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. stockholders	$	102,681		$	89,451		$	111,827		$	102,681

Earnings per Share:
Basic	$	1.19		$	1.02		$	1.31		$	1.19
Diluted	$	1.17		$	1.01		$	1.29		$	1.17
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding:
Basic	86,204			87,331			85,427			86,204
Diluted	87,549			88,944			86,705			87,549

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

໿

IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC.ANDSUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OFCOMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,						For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			2020			2019

Net income	$	102,709		$	89,476		$	111,856		$	102,709
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(1,423		)	5,165			(22,206		)	(1,423		)
Unrealized gain (loss) on net investment hedge	1,480			(2,216		)
Unrealized gain on investments, net of tax expense of $128 in 2019 and $40 in 2018	407			118
Unrealized gain on Euro-denominated notes, net of tax expense of $330 in 2020 and $466 in 2019							1,047			1,480
Unrealized (loss) gain on investments, net of tax (benefit) expense of $(89) in 2020 and $128 in 2019							(279		)	407
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments:
Unrealized gain (loss), net of tax expense (benefit) of $531 in 2019 and $(377) in 2018	2,474			(2,388		)
Reclassification adjustment for (gain) loss included in net income, net of tax (expense) benefit of $(249) in 2019 and $250 in 2018	(1,162		)	1,585
Unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments	1,312			(803		)
Other comprehensive gain, net of tax	1,776			2,264
Unrealized gain on foreign currency exchange contracts, net of tax expense of $2,052 in 2020 and $224 in 2019							9,426			1,043
Unrealized gain on cross currency swaps, net of tax expense of $869 in 2020 and $307 in 2019							4,049			1,431
Reclassification adjustment for gain included in net income, net of tax (expense) of $(240) in 2020 and $(249) in 2019							(1,101		)	(1,162		)
Unrealized gain on derivative instruments							12,374			1,312
Other comprehensive (loss) gain, net of tax							(9,064		)	1,776
Comprehensive income	104,485			91,740			102,792			104,485
Less: Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest	28			25			29			28
Comprehensive income attributable to IDEXX Laboratories, Inc.	$	104,457		$	91,715		$	102,763		$	104,457

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

໿

IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC. ANDSUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)



	Common Stock
	Number of Shares	$0.10 Par Value		Additional Paid-in Capital		Deferred Stock Units		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Treasury Stock			Noncontrolling Interest		Total Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
Balance December 31, 2018	105,087	$	10,509	$	1,138,216	$	4,524	$	1,167,928	$	(41,791	)	$	(2,288,899	)	$	280	$	(9,233	)
Net income	—	—		—		—		102,681		—			—			28		102,709
Other comprehensive income, net	—	—		—		—		—		1,776			—			—		1,776
Repurchases of common stock, net	—	—		—		—		—		—			(61,135		)	—		(61,135		)
Common stock issued under stock plans	258	26		11,393		—		—		—			—			—		11,419
Share-based compensation cost	—	—		6,266		68		—		—			—			—		6,334
Balance March 31, 2019	105,345	$	10,535	$	1,155,875	$	4,592	$	1,270,609	$	(40,015	)	$	(2,350,034	)	$	308	$	51,870


	Common Stock
	Number of Shares	$0.10 Par Value		Additional Paid-in Capital		Deferred Stock Units			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Treasury Stock			Noncontrolling Interest		Total Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)
Balance December 31, 2017	104,275	$	10,428	$	1,073,931	$	5,988		$	803,545		$	(36,470	)	$	(1,911,528	)	$	264	$	(53,842	)
Cumulative effect of accounting changes	—	—		—		—			(12,648		)	—			—			—		(12,648		)
Balance January 1, 2018	104,275	$	10,428	$	1,073,931	$	5,988		$	790,897		$	(36,470	)	$	(1,911,528	)	$	264	$	(66,490	)
Balance December 31, 2019																							105,711	$	10,571	$	1,213,517	$	4,462	$	1,595,648		$	(46,182	)	$	(2,600,543	)	$	352	$	177,825
Cumulative effect of accounting changes (Note 2)																							—	—		—		—		(1,829		)	—			—			—		(1,829		)
Net income	—	—		—		—			89,451			—			—			25		89,476			—	—		—		—		111,827			—			—			29		111,856
Other comprehensive income, net	—	—		—		—			—			2,264			—			—		2,264
Other comprehensive loss, net																							—	—		—		—		—			(9,064		)	—			—		(9,064		)
Repurchases of common stock, net	—	—		—		—			—			—			(94,285		)	—		(94,285		)	—	—		—		—		—			—			(187,767		)	—		(187,767		)
Common stock issued under stock plans	401	40		14,311		(259		)	—			—			—			—		14,092			203	20		9,730		—		—			—			—			—		9,750
Share-based compensation cost	—	—		5,917		43			—			—			—			—		5,960			—	—		7,238		46		—			—			—			—		7,284
Balance March 31, 2018	104,676	$	10,468	$	1,094,159	$	5,772		$	880,348		$	(34,206	)	$	(2,005,813	)	$	289	$	(48,983	)

Balance December 31, 2018	105,087	10,509		1,138,216		4,524			1,167,928			(41,791		)	(2,288,899		)	280		(9,233		)
Net income	—	—		—		—			102,681			—			—			28		102,709
Other comprehensive income, net	—	—		—		—			—			1,776			—			—		1,776
Repurchases of common stock, net	—	—		—		—			—			—			(61,135		)	—		(61,135		)
Common stock issued under stock plans	258	26		11,393		—			—			—			—			—		11,419
Share-based compensation cost	—	—		6,266		68			—			—			—			—		6,334
Balance March 31, 2019	105,345	$	10,535	$	1,155,875	$	4,592		$	1,270,609		$	(40,015	)	$	(2,350,034	)	$	308	$	51,870
Balance March 31, 2020																							105,914	$	10,591	$	1,230,485	$	4,508	$	1,705,646		$	(55,246	)	$	(2,788,310	)	$	381	$	108,055

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC. ANDSUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OFCASHFLOWS

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,						For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			2020			2019

Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net income	$	102,709		$	89,476		$	111,856		$	102,709
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	21,355			20,804			23,204			21,355
Provision for credit losses							4,229			365
Benefit of deferred income taxes	3,294			3,005			2,853			3,294
Share-based compensation expense	6,334			5,960			7,284			6,334
Other	628			1,091			(13		)	263
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(33,421		)	(21,800		)	(38,062		)	(33,421		)
Inventories	(14,521		)	(8,070		)	(14,434		)	(14,521		)
Other assets and liabilities	(49,601		)	(52,302		)	(64,881		)	(49,601		)
Accounts payable	699			(1,939		)	(1,755		)	699
Deferred revenue	(3,098		)	(1,327		)	(2,410		)	(3,098		)
Net cash provided by operating activities	34,378			34,898			27,871			34,378
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Purchases of property and equipment	(38,206		)	(23,726		)	(49,002		)	(38,206		)
Purchase of marketable securities	—			(87		)
Proceeds from the sale and maturities of marketable securities	—			284,125
Net cash (used) provided by investing activities	(38,206		)	260,312
Acquisitions of intangible assets							(668		)	—
Net cash used by investing activities							(49,670		)	(38,206		)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Repayments on revolving credit facilities, net	(52,024		)	(247,500		)
Borrowing (repayments) on revolving credit facilities, net							198,110			(52,024		)
Issuance of senior notes	100,000			—			—			100,000
Debt issuance costs	(30		)	—			—			(30		)
Payment of acquisition-related contingent consideration	(573		)	—			—			(573		)
Repurchases of common stock	(54,302		)	(83,487		)
Repurchases of common stock, net							(182,815		)	(54,302		)
Proceeds from exercises of stock options and employee stock purchase plans	11,551			14,551			10,210			11,551
Shares withheld for statutory tax withholding on restricted stock	(7,403		)	(8,555		)	(8,604		)	(7,403		)
Net cash used by financing activities	(2,781		)	(324,991		)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities							16,901			(2,781		)
Net effect of changes in exchange rates on cash	(569		)	1,335			(4,033		)	(569		)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(7,178		)	(28,446		)	(8,931		)	(7,178		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	123,794			187,675			90,326			123,794
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	116,616		$	159,229		$	81,395		$	116,616

Supplemental Cash Flow Information:
Cash paid for income taxes							$	12,020		$	8,717
Unpaid property and equipment, reflected in accounts payable and accrued liabilities							$	14,123		$	9,007

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC.ANDSUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. and its subsidiaries have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information and with the requirements of Regulation S-X, Rule 10-01 for financial statements required to be filed as a part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “IDEXX,” the “Company,” “we,”“our,” or “us” refer to IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. and our wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries. We do not have any variable interest entities for which we are the primary beneficiary. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect, in the opinion of our management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of our financial position and results of operations. All such adjustments are of a recurring nature. The consolidated balance sheet data at December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or any future ~~period.~~period, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects on the domestic and global economies as described below. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, (the ~~“2018~~“2019 Annual Report”) filed with the SEC.

To limit the spread of COVID-19, governments have taken various actions including the issuance of stay-at-home policies and social distancing procedures and guidelines, causing some businesses, including those that we serve, to adjust, reduce, or suspend business and operating activities. The primary impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic have been seen in our CAG business. While veterinary care is widely recognized as an “essential” service for pet owners, and veterinarians continue to deliver essential medical care for sick and injured pets, stay-at-home policies being deployed to combat the spread of COVID-19 have resulted in a decrease in companion animal clinical visits, including delay of elective procedures and wellness visits. While our reference laboratories and manufacturing facilities are operating and have been designated as essential businesses, disruptions or reductions to operations may occur as the impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic and related responses continue to develop. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic impacts our business, results of operations and financial condition, including the potential for write-offs or impairments of assets and suspension of capital investments, will depend on future developments. We are unable to predict with certainty the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on our customers, suppliers, and vendors, as well as the actions of governments, and when and to what extent normal economic and operating conditions can resume; these effects may differ from those assumed in our projected estimates. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic has subsided, we may continue to experience adverse impacts to our business as a result of any economic impact that has occurred or may occur in the future.

The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that may affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, equity, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis we evaluate our estimates, judgments and methodologies. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets, liabilities and equity and the amount of revenues and expenses. We have made estimates of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic within our financial statements, and our actual results may differ from these estimates and there may be changes to those estimates in future periods.

We have included certain terms and abbreviations used throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q in the "Glossary of Terms and Selected Abbreviations."

NOTE 2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Significant Accounting Policies

The significant accounting policies used in preparation of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, are consistent with those discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements in our ~~2018~~2019 Annual Report, except as noted below.

New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted

We adopted ASU ~~2016-02,~~ ~~Leases~~2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic ~~842)~~ ~~(the "New Leasing Standard")~~820), as of January 1, ~~2019, using~~2020, which modifies the ~~optional transition method that allows~~disclosure requirements on fair value measurements under ASC Topic No. 820, Fair Value Measurement, as amended (“ASC 820”). ASU 2018-13 removes (a) the prior requirement to disclose the amount and reason for ~~a cumulative-effect adjustment~~transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy contained in ASC 820, (b) the ~~period~~policy for timing of ~~adoption~~transfers between levels, and ~~did not restate prior periods. In addition, we elected~~(c) the ~~package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the new standard, which~~valuation processes used for Level 3 fair value measurements. ASU 2018-13 also adds, among other things, ~~allowed us~~a requirement to ~~carry forward~~disclose the ~~historical lease classification.~~range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements. The adoption of the New Leasing Standard resulted in the recording of operating lease liabilities of $86.7 million and right-of-use assets of $83.7 million. Prior to our adoption of the New Leasing Standard, rent prepayments of approximately $1.0 million were recorded within other current assets and the impact of recognizing rent expense on a straight-line basis of approximately $4.0 million was recorded within other current and long-term liabilities. Upon adoption of the New Leasing Standard, these rent prepayments and straight-line rent impacts are now recorded within operating lease right-of-use assets and represent the net difference between operating lease liabilities and right-of-use assets.

The New Leasing Standard requires us to classify certain reagent rental programs as sales-type leases and thus accelerate instrument revenue and cost recognition at the time of instrument placement. We did not change the historical lease classification for placements prior to January 1, 2019, therefore this change will apply to certain new placements beginning on January 1, 2019. Under prior U.S. GAAP, instruments placed under our reagent rental programs were classified as operating leases and instrument revenue and cost was recognized over the term of the program. The New Leasing Standard did not have a material impact on our consolidated ~~earnings and had no impact~~financial statements.

Effective January 1, 2020, we adopted ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on ~~cash flows for~~Financial Instruments,” using the ~~three months ended March 31, 2019.~~

~~Adoption~~modified retrospective transition method. This ASU amends the impairment model to utilize an expected loss methodology in place of the ~~New Leasing Standard impacted~~incurred loss methodology for financial instruments, including trade receivables and leased equipment. The amendment requires entities to consider a broader range of information to estimate expected credit losses, which may result in earlier recognition of losses. We recorded a non-cash cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings of $1.8 million, net of $0.6 million of income taxes, on our ~~condensed~~opening consolidated balance sheet as ~~follows:~~

Consolidated Balance Sheet

Previous U.S. GAAP
December 31, 2018
(Reported)
New U.S. GAAP
January 1, 2019
Impact of the
New Leasing Standard

ASSETS

Other current assets $ 108,220
$ 107,228
$ (992 )
Total current assets $ 654,172
$ 653,180
$ (992 )
Operating lease right-of-use asset $ —
$ 83,707
$ 83,707
Total long-term assets $ 883,177
$ 966,884
$ 83,707
TOTAL ASSETS $ 1,537,349
$ 1,620,064
$ 82,715

LIABILITIES
Accrued liabilities $ 260,683
$ 274,459
$ 13,776
Total current liabilities $ 770,444
$ 784,220
$ 13,776
Long-term operating lease liability $ —
$ 68,939
$ 68,939
Total long-term liabilities $ 776,138
$ 845,077
$ 68,939
TOTAL LIABILITIES $ 1,546,582
$ 1,629,297
$ 82,715

~~We adopted ASU 2018-02,~~ ~~Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) Reclassification~~ of ~~Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, on~~ January 1, ~~2019. We elected not~~2020. This adjustment, before the impact of income taxes, was comprised of $2.2 million related to ~~reclassify the $1.7~~our contract assets and sales-type leases, and $0.2 million ~~of stranded tax effects from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act enacted~~related to accounts receivable. See Note 6. Credit Losses, for more information on ~~December 22, 2017, from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings in the period of adoption.~~

In August 2018, the SEC issued Final Rule Release No. 33-10532, “Disclosure Update and Simplification,” which makes a number of changes meant to simplify interim disclosures. The new rule requires aour presentation of changes in stockholders’ equity and noncontrolling interest in the form of a reconciliation, either as a separate financial statement or in the notes to the financial statements, for the current and comparative year-to-date interim periods. The additional elements of this release did not have a material impact on our overall condensed consolidated financial statements. We adopted the new disclosure requirements in our Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2019.credit losses.

New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

For a discussion of other accounting standards that have been issued by the FASB prior to January 1, ~~2019,~~2020, but are not yet effective, refer to Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted in our ~~2018~~2019 Annual Report.

NOTE 3. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Our revenue is recognized when, or as, performance obligations under the terms of a contract are satisfied, which occurs when control of the promised products or services is transferred to a customer. We exclude sales, use, value-added, and other taxes we collect on behalf of third parties from revenue. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring products or services to a customer. To accurately present the consideration received in exchange for promised products or services, we ~~applied~~apply the five-step model outlined below:


1.	Identification of a contract or agreement with a customer


2.	Identification of our performance obligations in the contract or agreement


3.	Determination of the transaction price


4.	Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations


5.	Recognition of revenue when, or as, we satisfy a performance obligation

We enter into contracts that can include various combinations of products and services, which are generally capable of being distinct and accounted for as separate performance obligations. The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in accounts receivable, contract assets and lease receivables as a result of revenue recognized in advance of

billings (included within other assets), and contract liabilities or deferred revenue as a result of receiving consideration in advance of revenue recognition within our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet. Our general payment terms range from 30 to 60 days, with exceptions in certain geographies. Below is a listing of our major categories of revenue for our products and services:

Diagnostic Products and Accessories. Diagnostic products and accessories revenues, including IDEXX VetLab^® consumables and accessories, rapid assay, LPD, Water, and OPTI testing products, are predominantly recognized and invoiced

at the time of shipment, which is when the customer obtains control of the product based on legal title transfer and we have the right to payment. Shipping costs reimbursed by the customer are included in revenue and cost of sales. As a practical expedient, we do not account for shipping activities as a separate performance obligation.

Reference Laboratory Diagnostic and Consulting Services. Reference laboratory revenues are recognized and invoiced when the laboratory diagnostic service is performed.

Instruments, Software and Systems. CAG Diagnostics capital instruments, veterinary software and diagnostic imaging systems revenues are recognized and invoiced when the customer obtains control of the products based on legal title transfer and we have the right to payment, which generally occurs at the time of installation and customer acceptance. Our instruments, software, and systems are often included in one of our significant customer programs, as further described below. For veterinary software systems that include multiple performance obligations, such as perpetual software licenses and computer hardware, we allocate revenue to each performance obligation based on estimates of the price that we would charge the customer for each promised product or service if it were sold on a standalone basis.

Lease Revenue. Revenues from instrument rental agreements and reagent rental programs are recognized either as operating leases on a ratable basis over the term of the agreement or as sales-type leases at the time of installation and customer acceptance. Customers typically pay for the right to use instruments under rental agreements in equal monthly amounts over the term of the rental agreement. Our reagent rental programs provide our customers the right to use our instruments upon entering into agreements to purchase specified amounts of consumables, which are considered embedded leases. For some agreements, the customers are provided with the right to purchase the instrument at the end of the lease term. Lease revenues from these agreements are presented in product revenue on our unaudited condensed consolidated income statement. Lease revenue was approximately ~~$4.6~~$4.2 million and ~~$2.9~~$4.6 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, respectively, including both operating leases and sales-type leases under ASC 842, Leases, ~~during 2019,~~ for leases entered into after January 1,2019, and ASC 840, Leases, for leases entered into prior to 2019. See below for revenue recognition under our reagent rental programs.

Extended Warranties and Post-Contract Support. CAG Diagnostics capital instruments and diagnostic imaging systemsextended warranties typically provide customers with continued coverage for a period of 1one to 5five years beyond the first-year standard warranty. Customers can either pay in full for the extended warranty at the time of instrument or system purchase or can be billed on a quarterly basis over the term of the contract. We recognize revenue associated with extended warranties over time on a ratable basis using a time elapsed measure of performance over the contract term, which approximates the expected timing in which applicable services are performed.

Veterinary software post-contract support provides customers with access to technical support when and as needed through access to call centers and online customer assistance. Post-contract support contracts typically have a term of 12 months and customers are billed for post-contract support in equal quarterly amounts over the term. We recognize revenue for post-contract support services over time on a ratable basis using a ~~time-elapsed~~time elapsed measure of performance over the contract term, which approximates the expected timing in which applicable services are performed.

On December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, our deferred revenue related to extended warranties and post-contract support was ~~$40.7~~$38.0 million, of which approximately ~~$12.7~~$13.7 million was recognized during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. Furthermore, as a result of new agreements, our deferred revenue related to extended warranties and post-contract support was ~~$40.2~~$36.6 million at March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. We do not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that are part of contracts with an original expected duration of one year or less and do not adjust for the effect of the financing components when the period between customer payment and revenue recognition is one year or less. Deferred revenue related to extended warranties and post-contract support with an original duration of more than one year was ~~$26.7~~$23.1 million at March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, of which approximately ~~24%~~29%, ~~31%~~34%, ~~23%~~22%, 10%, and ~~22%~~5% are expected to be recognized during the remainder of ~~2019, the full year~~ 2020, the full ~~year~~years 2021, 2022, 2023, and thereafter, respectively. Additionally, we have determined these agreements do not include a significant financing component.

SaaS Subscriptions.We offer a variety of veterinary software and diagnostic imaging SaaS subscriptions including IDEXX Neo^®, Animana^®, Pet Health Network^® Pro, Petly^® Plans, Web PACS, rVetLink^®, and Smart ~~Flow.~~Flow^™. We recognize revenue for our SaaS subscriptions over time on a ratable basis over the contract term, beginning on the date our service is made available to the customer. Our subscription contracts vary in term from monthly to 2two years. Customers typically pay for our subscription contracts in equal monthly amounts over the term of the agreement. Deferred revenue related to our SaaS subscriptions is not material.

Contracts with Multiple Performance Obligations. We enter into contracts where customers purchase a combination of IDEXX products and services. Determining whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately requires significant judgment. We determine the transaction price for a contract based on the consideration we expect to receive in exchange for the transferred goods or services. To the extent the transaction price includes variable consideration, such as volume rebates or expected price adjustments, we apply judgment in constraining the estimated variable consideration due to factors that may cause reversal of revenue recognized. We evaluate constraints based on our historical and projected experience with similar customer contracts.

We allocate revenue to each performance obligation in proportion to the relative standalone selling prices and recognize revenue when transfer of the related goods or services has occurred for each obligation. We utilize the observable standalone selling price when available, which represents the price charged for the performance obligation when sold separately. When standalone selling prices for our products or services are not directly observable, we determine the standalone selling prices using relevant information available and apply suitable estimation methods including, but not limited to, the cost plus a margin approach. We recognize revenue as each performance obligation is satisfied, either at a point in time or over time, as described in the revenue categories above. We do not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that are part of contracts with an original expected duration of one year or less.

The following customer programs represent our most significant customer contracts which contain multiple performance obligations:

Customer Commitment Programs. We offer customer incentives upon entering into multi-year agreements to purchase annual minimum amounts of products and services.

Up-Front Customer Loyalty Programs. Our up-front loyalty programs provide customers with incentives in the form of cash payments or IDEXX Points upon entering into multi-year agreements to purchase annual minimum amounts of future products or services. If a customer breaches its agreement, they are required to refund all or a portion of the up-front cash or IDEXX Points, or make other repayments, remedial actions, or both. Up-front incentives to customers in the form of cash or IDEXX Points are not made in exchange for distinct goods or services and are capitalized as customer acquisition costs within other current and long-term assets, which are subsequently recognized as a reduction to revenue over the term of the customer agreement. If these up-front incentives are subsequently utilized to purchase instruments, we allocate total consideration, including future committed purchases less up-front incentives and estimates of expected price adjustments, based on relative standalone selling prices to identified performance obligations and recognize instrument revenue and cost at the time of installation and customer acceptance. We have determined these agreements do not include a significant financing component. Differences between estimated and actual customer purchases may impact the amount and timing of revenue recognition.

On December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, our capitalized customer acquisition costs were ~~$124.4~~$137.4 million, of which approximately ~~$8.9~~$10.3 million was recognized as a reduction of revenue during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. Furthermore, as a result of new up-front customer loyalty payments, net of subsequent recognition, our capitalized customer acquisition costs were ~~$125.2~~$138.2 million at March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. We monitor customer purchases over the term of their agreement to assess the realizability of our capitalized customer acquisition costs and review estimates of variable consideration. Impairments, revenue adjustments that relate to performance obligations satisfied in prior periods, and contract modifications during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, were not material.

Volume Commitment Programs. Our volume commitment programs, such as our IDEXX 360 program, provide customers with a free or discounted instrument or system upon entering into multi-year agreements to purchase annual minimum amounts of products and services. We allocate total consideration, including future committed purchases and expected price adjustments, based on relative standalone selling prices to identified performance obligations and recognize instrument revenue and cost ~~in advance of billing the customer~~ at the time of installation and customer acceptance in advance of billing the customer, which is also when the customer obtains

control of the instrument based on legal title transfer. Our right to future consideration related to instrument revenue is recorded as a contract asset within other current and long-term assets. The contract asset is transferred to accounts receivable when customers are billed for future products and services over the term of the contract. We have determined these agreements do not include a significant financing component. Differences between estimated and actual customer purchases may impact the amount and timing of revenue recognition.

On December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, our volume commitment contract assets were ~~$40.9~~$83.9 million, of which approximately ~~$2.7~~$4.9 million was reclassified to accounts receivable when customers were billed for related products and services during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. Furthermore, as a result of new placements under volume commitment programs, net of subsequent amounts reclassified to accounts receivable, and allowances established for credit losses upon adoption of ASU 2016-13, our contract assets were ~~$49.5~~$87.9 million at March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. We monitor customer purchases over the term of their agreement to assess the realizability of our contract assets and review estimates of variable consideration. Impairments, revenue adjustments that relate to performance obligations satisfied in prior periods, and contract modifications during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, were not material.

For our up-front customer loyalty and volume commitment programs, we estimate future revenues related to multi-year agreements to be approximately ~~$1.4~~$1.9 billion, of which approximately ~~20%~~19%, 23%, ~~19%~~21%, 18%, and ~~38%~~19% are expected to be recognized during the remainder of ~~2019, the full year~~ 2020, the full ~~year~~years 2021, 2022, 2023, and thereafter, respectively. These future revenues relate to performance obligations not yet satisfied, for which customers have committed to purchase goods and services, net of the expected revenue reductions from customer acquisition costs and expected price adjustments, and as a result, are lower than stated contractual commitments by our customers.

Instrument Rebate Programs. Our instrument rebate programs, previously referred to as IDEXX Instrument Marketing Programs, require an instrument purchase and provide customers the opportunity to earn future rebates based on the volume of products and services they purchase over the term of the program. We account for the customer’s right to earn rebates on future purchases as a separate performance obligation and determine the standalone selling price based on an estimate of rebates the customer will earn over the term of the program. Total consideration allocated to identified performance obligations is limited to goods and services that the customer is presently obligated to purchase and does not include estimates of future purchases that are optional. We allocate total consideration to identified performance obligations, including the customer’s right to earn rebates on future purchases, which is deferred and recognized upon the purchase of future products and services, offsetting future rebates as they are earned.

On December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, our deferred revenue related to instrument rebate programs was ~~$57.4~~$49.1 million, of which approximately ~~$4.9~~$4.4 million was recognized when customers purchased eligible products and services and earned rebates during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. Furthermore, as a result of new instrument purchases under rebate programs, net of subsequent recognition, our deferred revenue was ~~$55.0~~$46.5 million at March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, of which approximately ~~24%~~27%, 28%, ~~22%~~20%, 13%, and ~~26%~~12% are expected to be recognized during the remainder of ~~2019, the full year~~ 2020, the full ~~year~~years 2021, 2022, 2023, and thereafter, respectively.

Reagent Rental Programs. Our reagent rental programs provide our customers the right to use our instruments upon entering into multi-year agreements to purchase annual minimum amounts of consumables. These types of agreements include an embedded lease for the right to use our instrument and we determine the amount of lease revenue allocated to the instrument based on relative standalone selling prices. We evaluate the terms of these embedded leases to determine classification as either a sales-type lease or an operating lease, as defined within the New Leasing Standard. We elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the New Leasing Standard, which among other things, allowed us to carryforward our historical lease classification and therefore all reagent rental program placements prior to January 1, 2019 will continue to be classified as operating leases. We have not elected the practical expedient within the New Leasing Standard to combine lease and non-lease components.lease.

Sales-type Reagent Rental Programs. Our reagent rental programs that effectively transfer control of instruments to our customers are classified as sales-type leases and we recognize instrument revenue and cost in advance of billing the customer, at the time of installation and customer acceptance. Our right to future consideration related to instrument revenue is recorded as a lease receivable within other current and long-term assets, and is transferred to accounts receivable when customers are billed for future products and services over the term of the contract. AsOn December 31, 2019, our lease receivable assets were $7.2 million, of which approximately $0.4 million was reclassified to accounts receivable when customers were billed for related products and services during the three months ended March 31, 2020. Furthermore, as a result of new placements under sales-type reagent rental programs, net of subsequent amounts reclassified to accounts receivable, and allowances established for credit losses upon adoption of ASU 2016-13, our lease receivable assets were ~~$1.3~~$7.7 million at March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. The ~~impact~~impacts of discounting and unearned income at March 31, ~~2019~~2020, were not material. Profit and loss recognized at the commencement date and interest income

during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020, were not material. We monitor customer purchases over the term of their agreement to assess the realizability of our lease receivable assets. Impairments during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020, were not material.

Operating-type Reagent Rental Programs. Our reagent rental programs that do not effectively transfer control of instruments to our customers are classified as operating leases and we recognize instrument revenue and costs ratably over the term of the agreement. The cost of the instrument is capitalized

within property and equipment. During the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, we transferred instruments of ~~$2.0~~$2.3 million and ~~$4.0~~$2.0 million, respectively, from inventory to property and equipment.

We estimate future revenue to be recognized related to our reagent rental programs of approximately ~~$38.1~~$28.8 million, of which approximately 30%, 32%, ~~23%~~20%, 10%, and ~~15%~~8% are expected to be recognized during the remainder of ~~2019, the full year~~ 2020, the full ~~year~~years 2021, 2022, 2023, and thereafter, respectively. These future revenues relate to performance obligations not yet satisfied for which customers have committed to future purchases, net of any expected price adjustments, and as a result, may be lower than stated contractual commitments by our customers.

Other Customer Incentive Programs. Certain agreements with customers include discounts or rebates on the sale of products and services applied retrospectively, such as volume rebates achieved by purchasing a specified purchase threshold of goods and services. We account for these discounts as variable consideration and estimate the likelihood of a customer meeting the threshold in order to determine the transaction price using the most predictive approach. We typically use the most-likely-amount method for incentives that are offered to individual customers and the expected-value method for programs that are offered to a broad group of customers. Revenue adjustments that relate to performance obligations satisfied in prior periods during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, were not material. Refund obligations related to customer incentive programs are recorded in accrued liabilities for the actual issuance of incentives, incentives earned but not yet issued and estimates of incentives to be earned in the future.

Program Combinations. At times, we combine elements of our significant customer programs within a single customer contract. We separate each significant program element and include the contract assets, customer acquisition costs, deferred revenues and estimated future revenues within the most relevant program disclosures above. Each customer contract is presented as a net contract asset or net contract liability on our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Future market conditions and changes in product offerings may cause us to change marketing strategies to increase or decrease customer incentive offerings, possibly resulting in incremental reductions of revenue in future periods as compared to reductions in the current or prior periods. Additionally, certain customer programs require us to estimate, based on historical experience, and apply judgment to predict the amounts of future customer purchases, customer rebates and other incentive payments, and price adjustments related to multi-year agreements. Differences between estimated and actual customer purchases may impact the amount and timing of revenue recognition.

IDEXX Points. IDEXX Points may be applied to trade receivables due to us, converted to cash, or applied against the purchase price of IDEXX products and services. We consider IDEXX Points equivalent to cash. IDEXX Points that have not yet been used by customers are included in accrued liabilities until utilized or expired. Breakage is not material because customers can apply IDEXX Points to trade receivables at any time.

Accounts Receivable. We recognize revenue when it is probable that we will collect substantially all of the consideration to which we will be entitled, based on the customer’s intent and ability to pay the promised consideration. We apply judgment in determining the customer’s ability and intention to pay, which is based on a variety of factors including the customer’s historical payment experience or, in the case of a new customer, published credit and financial information pertaining to the customer. We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for potentially uncollectible receivables. We base our estimates on a detailed analysis of specific customer situations and a percentage of our accounts receivable by aging category. Additional allowances may be required if either the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, or a strengthening U.S. dollar impacts the ability of foreign customers to make payments to us on their U.S. dollar-denominated purchases. Account balances are charged off against the allowance when we believe it is probable the receivable will not be recovered. We do not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to our customers. We have no significant customers that accounted for greater than 10% of our consolidated revenues, and we have no concentration of credit risk as of March 31, ~~2019.~~2020.

Disaggregated Revenues. We present disaggregated revenue for our CAG segment based on major product and service categories. Our Water segment is comprised of a single major product category. Although our LPD segment does not meet the quantitative thresholds to be reported as a separate segment, we believe it is important to disaggregate these revenues as a major product and service category within our Other reportable segment given its distinct markets, and therefore we have elected to report LPD as a reportable segment.

The following table presents disaggregated revenue by major product and service ~~categories for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands~~):categories:໿


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)					For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018		2020		2019
CAG segment revenue:
CAG Diagnostics recurring revenue:	$	443,791	$	406,048	$	487,925	$	443,791
IDEXX VetLab consumables	167,211		149,513		188,713		167,211
Rapid assay products	54,431		52,017		57,430		54,431
Reference laboratory diagnostic and consulting services	202,658		186,937		220,261		202,658
CAG Diagnostics service and accessories	19,491		17,581
CAG Diagnostics services and accessories					21,521		19,491
CAG Diagnostics capital - instruments	28,749		30,895		23,833		28,749
Veterinary software, services and diagnostic imaging systems	36,378		33,890		40,238		36,378
CAG segment revenue	508,918		470,833		551,996		508,918

Water segment revenue	30,310		29,143		34,149		30,310
LPD segment revenue	31,506		32,240		34,154		31,506
Other segment revenue	5,322		5,440		6,037		5,322
Total revenue	$	576,056	$	537,656	$	626,336	$	576,056

Revenue by principal geographic area, based on customers’ domiciles, was as ~~follows (in thousands~~):follows:໿



(in thousands)	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020		2019
United States	$	396,783	$	358,288
Europe, the Middle East and Africa	129,766		121,746
Asia Pacific Region	63,512		60,075
Canada	24,247		23,224
Latin America	12,028		12,723
Total	$	626,336	$	576,056

For the Three Months Ended
March 31,
2019 2018
United States $ 358,288
$ 327,461
Europe, the Middle East and Africa 121,746
120,574
Asia Pacific Region 60,075
56,039
Canada 23,224
22,544
Latin America 12,723
11,038
Total $ 576,056
$ 537,656

Costs to Obtain a Contract. We capitalize sales commissions and the related fringe benefits earned by our sales force when considered incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract. Our contracts include performance obligations related to various goods and services, some of which are satisfied at a point in time and others over time. Commission costs related to performance obligations satisfied at a point in time are expensed at the time of sale, which is when revenue is recognized. Commission costs related to long-term service contracts and performance obligations satisfied over time, including extended warranties and SaaS subscriptions, are deferred and recognized on a systematic basis that is consistent with the transfer of the goods or services to which the asset relates. We apply judgment in estimating the amortization period, which ranges from 3 to 7 years, by taking into consideration our customer contract terms, history of renewals, expected length of customer relationship, as well as the useful life of the underlying technology and products. Amortization expense is included in sales and marketing expenses in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income. Deferred commission costs are periodically reviewed for impairment.

On December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, our deferred commission costs, included within other assets, were ~~$13.9~~$15.6 million, of which approximately ~~$1.2~~$1.4 million of commission expense was recognized during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. Furthermore, as a result of commissions related to new extended warranties and SaaS subscriptions, net of subsequent recognition, our deferred commission costs were ~~$14.4~~$16.0 million at March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. Impairments of deferred commission costs during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, were not material.

NOTE 4. ACQUISITIONS

We believe that our acquisitions of businesses and other assets enhance our existing businesses by either expanding our geographic range and customer base or expanding our existing product lines. From time to time we may acquire the assets of small reference labs that we account for as an asset purchase.

During the fourth quarter of 2019 we acquired the assets of a multi-site reference laboratory in the midwest of the U.S. for $50.0 million in cash. This acquisition expands our national reference laboratory presence in the U.S., and was accounted for as a business combination. We finalized the valuation the fair value of the assets acquired during the first quarter of 2020. The fair value of the assets acquired consists of $26.9 million in intangible assets, primarily for customer relationships, with a weighted average life of 13.8 years, $0.2 million of tangible assets, and $22.9 million of goodwill, representing synergies within our reference laboratory portfolio. The goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes.

NOTE 4.5. SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION

The fair value of options, restricted stock units, deferred stock units, and employee stock purchase rights awarded during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, totaled ~~$34.4~~$36.3 million as compared to ~~$31.1~~$34.4 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2018.~~2019. The total unrecognized compensation expense, net of estimated forfeitures, for unvested share-based compensation awards outstanding at March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, was ~~$73.4~~$75.1 million, which will be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately ~~2.3~~1.9 years. During the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, we recognized expenses of ~~$6.3~~$7.3 million as compared to ~~$6.0~~$6.3 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2018,~~2019, related to share-based compensation.

We determine the assumptions used in the valuation of option awards as of the date of grant. Differences in the expected stock price volatility, expected term or risk-free interest rate may necessitate distinct valuation assumptions at each grant date. As such, we may use different assumptions for options granted throughout the year. Option awards are granted with an exercise price equal to the closing market price of our common stock at the date of grant. We have never paid any cash dividends on our common stock, and we have no intention to pay such a dividend at this time; therefore, we assume that no dividends will be paid over the expected terms of option awards.

The weighted averages of the valuation assumptions used to determine the fair value of each option award on the date of grant and the weighted average estimated fair values were as follows:



	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020			2019

Share price at grant	$	288.78		$	206.94
Expected stock price volatility	27		%	26		%
Expected term, in years	6.0			6.0
Risk-free interest rate	1.5		%	2.5		%
Weighted average fair value of options granted	$	84.21		$	63.55

For the Three Months Ended
March 31,
2019 2018

Share price at grant $ 206.94
$ 178.26
Expected stock price volatility 26 % 24 %
Expected term, in years 6.0
5.8
Risk-free interest rate 2.5 % 2.7 %
Weighted average fair value of options granted $ 63.55
$ 52.49

NOTE 5.6. CREDIT LOSSES

We are exposed to credit losses primarily through our sales of products and services to our customers. We maintain allowances for credit losses for potentially uncollectible receivables. We base our estimates on a detailed analysis of specific customer situations and a percentage of our accounts receivable by aging category. Historical credit loss experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses. Adjustments to historical loss information are made for differences in current economic conditions. See Note 2. Accounting Policies, for more information on our adoption of ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020, using the modified retrospective transition method.

Additional allowances may be required if either the financial condition of our customers was to deteriorate, or a strengthening U.S. dollar impacts the ability of foreign customers to make payments to us on their U.S. dollar-denominated purchases. We monitor our ongoing credit exposure through active review of counterparty balances against contract terms and due dates. Our activities include timely account reconciliations, dispute resolution and payment confirmations. We may employ collection agencies and legal counsel to pursue recovery of defaulted receivables.

Account balances are charged off against the allowance when we believe it is probable the receivable will not be recovered. We may require collateralized asset support or a prepayment to mitigate credit risk. We do not have any off-balance sheet credit exposure related to our customers.

Accounts Receivable

The allowance for credit losses associated with accounts receivable was $7.0 million and $3.6 million at March 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Accounts receivable reflected on the balance sheet is net of this reserve. Based on an aging analysis, at March 31, 2020, approximately 84% of our accounts receivable had not yet reached the invoice due date and approximately 16% was considered past due. Of the amounts that were past due, approximately 1.3% was greater than 60 days past due. At December 31, 2019, approximately 84% of our accounts receivable had not yet reached the invoice due date and approximately 16% was considered past due. Of the amounts that were past due, approximately 1.5% was greater than 60 days past due.

Contract assets and lease receivables

The allowance for credit losses associated with the contract assets and lease receivables was $2.9 million, at March 31, 2020. The assets reflected on the balance sheet are net of these reserves. Historically, we have experienced low credit loss rates on our customer commitment programs and lease receivables. We apply judgment in determining the customer’s ability and intention to pay, which is based on a variety of factors including the customer’s historical payment experience or, in the case of a new customer, published credit and financial information pertaining to the customer.

NOTE 7. INVENTORIES

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out) or net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. The components of inventories were as ~~follows~~ ~~(in thousands)~~: follows:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019

Raw materials	$	42,290	$	41,202
Work-in-process	20,970		20,077
Finished goods	148,384		133,740
Inventories	$	211,644	$	195,019

March 31,
2019 December 31,
2018

Raw materials $ 32,869
$ 31,973
Work-in-process 20,077
17,009
Finished goods 136,522
124,321
Inventories $ 189,468
$ 173,303

໿

NOTE 6.8. LEASES

The majority of our facilities are occupied under operating lease arrangements with various expiration dates through 2067, some of which include options to extend the life of the lease, and some of which include options to terminate the lease within 1 year. In certain instances, we are responsible for the real estate taxes and operating expenses related to these facilities. Additionally, we enter into operating leases for certain vehicles and office equipment in the normal course of business. We determine the expected term of any executed agreements using the non-cancelable lease term plus any renewal options by which the failure to renew imposes a penalty in such amount that renewal is reasonably assured. The derived expected term is then used in the determination of a financing or operating lease and in the calculation of straight-line rent expense. Rent escalations are considered in the calculation of minimum lease payments in our capital lease tests and in determining straight-line rent expense for operating leases. Minimum lease payments include the fixed lease component of the agreement, as well as fixed rate increases that are initially measured at the lease commencement date. Variable lease payments based on an index, payments associated with non-lease components and short-term rentals (leases with terms less than 12

months) are expensed as incurred. Consideration is allocated to the lease and non-lease components based on the estimated standalone prices.

We determine if an arrangement is a lease at its inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use assets, accrued liabilities, and long-term operating lease liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets. Our financing leases are not material to our financial statements.

Right-of-use assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease liabilities and right-of-use assets are recognized at

commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of our leases do not provide an explicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Rent expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The operating lease right-of-use assets also includes any rent prepayments, lease incentives upon receipt and straight-line rent expense impacts, which represent the difference between our operating lease liabilities and right-of-use assets.

Maturities of operating lease liabilities were as ~~follows (in thousands, except lease term and discount rate)~~:follows:



(in thousands, except lease term and discount rate)	March 31, 2020

2020 (remainder of year)	$	13,498
2021	17,676
2022	14,695
2023	10,300
2024	6,813
Thereafter	33,376
Total lease payments	96,358
Less imputed interest	(15,522		)
Total	$	80,836

Current operating lease liabilities, included in accrued liabilities	$	15,493
Long-term operating lease liabilities	$	65,343

Weighted average remaining lease term - operating leases	10.2 years

Weighted average discount rate - operating leases	3.5		%

March 31,
2019

2019 (remainder of year) $ 12,308
2020 17,414
2021 14,821
2022 11,175
2023 7,705
Thereafter 37,722
Total lease payments 101,145
Less imputed interest (18,258 )
Total $ 82,887

Current operating lease liabilities, included in accrued liabilities $ 13,932
Long-term operating lease liabilities $ 68,955

Weighted average remaining lease term - operating leases 10.9 years

Weighted average discount rate - operating leases 3.7 %

Total minimum future lease payments of approximately $4.4 million for leases that have not commenced as of March 31, 2020, are not included in the condensed consolidated financial statements, as we do not yet control the underlying assets. These leases are expected to commence between 2020 and 2021 with lease terms of approximately 5 years to 11 years.

Rent expense charged to operations under operating leases was approximately $5.4 million and $5.2 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020 and 2019, respectively. Variable rent and ~~short term~~short-term lease expenses were not material.

Supplemental cash flow information for leases was as ~~follows~~ ~~(in thousands)~~:follows:



(in thousands)	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating leases liabilities	$	5,015
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations, net of early lease terminations	$	2,796

For the Three Months Ended
March 31, 2019

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating leases liabilities $ 5,728
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations $ 2,196

~~At December 31, 2018, under ASC 840~~ ~~Leases~~, the minimum annual rental payments under our lease agreements were as follows: $19.4 million in 2019; $17.1 million in 2020; $14.5 million in 2021; $10.8 million in 2022; $8.5 million in 2023; and $36.5 million thereafter.

NOTE 7.9. OTHER CURRENT AND LONG-TERM ASSETS

Other current assets consisted of the ~~following~~ ~~(in thousands)~~:following:໿



(in thousands)	March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019

Customer acquisition costs	$	39,719		$	39,329
Prepaid expenses	32,403		��	31,992
Contract assets, net	18,670			17,659
Taxes receivable	15,150			20,516
Deferred sales commissions	5,302			5,202
Other assets	17,085			10,284
Other current assets	$	128,329		$	124,982

March 31,
2019 December 31,
2018

Prepaid expenses (Note 2) $ 31,593
$ 30,314
Taxes receivable 13,813
14,098
Customer acquisition costs 35,495
34,515
Contract assets 11,669
9,670
Deferred sales commissions 4,664
4,464
Other assets 13,169
15,159
Other current assets $ 110,403
$ 108,220

Other long-term assets consisted of the ~~following~~ ~~(in thousands)~~: following:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019
Customer acquisition costs	$	98,463	$	98,117
Contract assets, net	69,196		66,226
Taxes receivable	14,960		14,960
Investment in long-term product supply arrangements	13,785		13,657
Deferred sales commissions	10,672		10,442
Deferred income taxes	7,172		8,100
Other assets	34,717		28,690
Other long-term assets	$	248,965	$	240,192

March 31,
2019 December 31,
2018

Investment in long-term product supply arrangements $ 11,621
$ 10,894
Customer acquisition costs 89,690
89,862
Contract assets 37,839
31,269
Deferred sales commissions 9,731
9,470
Deferred income taxes 8,368
8,481
Other assets 42,360
39,617
Other long-term assets $ 199,609
$ 189,593

໿

NOTE 8.10. ACCRUED LIABILITIES

Accrued liabilities consisted of the ~~following~~ ~~(in thousands)~~:following:



(in thousands)	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019

Accrued employee compensation and related expenses	$	71,568	$	127,174
Accrued expenses	66,742		86,296
Accrued customer incentives and refund obligations	60,025		63,079
Accrued taxes	33,351		31,108
Current lease liabilities	15,493		15,281
Accrued liabilities	$	247,179	$	322,938

March 31,
2019 December 31,
2018

Accrued expenses (Note 2) $ 58,589
$ 65,212
Accrued employee compensation and related expenses 60,351
109,488
Accrued taxes 36,326
26,609
Accrued customer incentives and refund obligations 59,929
59,374
Current lease liabilities (Notes 2 and 6) 13,932
—
Accrued liabilities $ 229,127
$ 260,683

໿

Other long-term liabilities consisted of the following:໿



(in thousands)	March 31, 2020		December 31, 2019

Accrued taxes	$	68,118	$	67,463
Other accrued long-term expenses	13,175		13,701
Other long-term liabilities	$	81,293	$	81,164

NOTE 11. DEBT

Senior Notes

The following (describes all of our currently outstanding unsecured senior notes issued and sold in ~~thousands~~private placements (collectively, the "Senior Notes"):໿ as of March 31, 2020:

March 31,
2019 December 31,
2018

Accrued taxes $ 67,525
$ 66,767
Other accrued long-term expenses (Note 2) 15,039
18,059
Other long-term liabilities $ 82,564
$ 84,826



(Principal Amount in thousands)

Issue Date	Due Date	Series	Principal Amount		Coupon Rate		Senior Note Agreement⁽¹⁾

12/11/2013	12/11/2023	2023 Series A Notes	$	75,000	3.94	%	NY Life 2013 Note Agreement
12/11/2013	12/11/2025	2025 Series B Notes	$	75,000	4.04	%	NY Life 2013 Note Agreement
09/04/2014	09/04/2026	2026 Senior Notes	$	75,000	3.72	%	NY Life 2014 Note Agreement
07/21/2014	07/21/2021	2021 Series A Notes	$	50,000	3.32	%	Prudential 2015 Amended Agreement
07/21/2014	07/21/2024	2024 Series B Notes	$	75,000	3.76	%	Prudential 2015 Amended Agreement
06/18/2015	06/18/2025	2025 Series C Notes	€	88,857	1.785	%	Prudential 2015 Amended Agreement
02/12/2015	02/12/2022	2022 Series A Notes	$	75,000	3.25	%	MetLife 2014 Note Agreement
02/12/2015	02/12/2027	2027 Series B Notes	$	75,000	3.72	%	MetLife 2014 Note Agreement
03/14/2019	03/14/2029	2029 Series C Notes	$	100,000	4.19	%	MetLife 2014 Note Agreement

໿(1) In each case, as amended.

Senior Notes - Subsequent Event

~~NOTE 9. DEBT~~The following describes unsecured senior notes issued and sold in private placements after March 31, 2020:

(Principal Amount in thousands)

Issue Date

Due Date

Series

Principal Amount

Coupon Rate

Senior Note Agreement ⁽¹⁾

04/02/2020

04/02/2030

MetLife 2030 Series D Notes

125,000

2.50

MetLife 2014 Note Agreement

04/14/2020

04/14/2030

Prudential 2030 Series D Notes

75,000

2.50

Prudential 2015 Amended Agreement

(1) In each case, as amended.

MetLife 2014 Note Agreement

On ~~December 19, 2014,~~March 23, 2020, we entered into ~~a Multicurrency Note Purchase and Private Shelf Agreement among ourselves, Metropolitan Life Insurance Company ("MetLife"), and each of~~ the ~~accredited institutional purchasers named therein (the "Existing Agreement"). Pursuant~~Second Amendment to the ~~terms of the Existing~~MetLife 2014 Note Agreement we may request that MetLife purchase, over the three-year period beginning on December 19, 2014, up to $50 million of additional senior promissory notes of ours at a fixed interest rate and with a maturity date not to exceed fifteen years (the ~~"Shelf Notes"~~“MetLife Second Amendment”).

~~On March 14, 2019, we amended the Existing Agreement~~, in order to (i) increase the ~~Shelf Notes~~ facility size from ~~$50~~$150 million to ~~$150~~$300 million, (ii) extend the ~~Shelf Notes~~ facility issuance period ~~from December 19, 2017~~ to December 20, ~~2021 and~~2022, (iii) make various implementing and administrative changes in order to facilitate a ~~$100~~$125 million ~~Shelf Notes~~notes issuance on ~~March 14, 2019. We also submitted~~April 2, 2020 and (iv) allow the amount available to be issued under the facility to equal $300 million less the amount of notes outstanding from time to time during the issuance period.

On April 2, 2020, we issued and sold to MetLife ~~a request to purchase $100~~and other purchasers $125 million of our ~~Shelf~~unsecured senior notes (the “MetLife 2030 Series D Notes”) pursuant to the MetLife Second Amendment. The entire outstanding principal balance of the MetLife 2030 Series D Notes is due and payable on April 2, 2030, and the MetLife 2030 Series D Notes bear interest at ~~a 4.19%~~the rate of 2.50% per ~~annum rate, due March 14, 2029, (the "Series C Notes").~~annum. We ~~used~~anticipate using the proceeds received from the MetLife 2030 Series CD Notes for general corporate ~~purposes, including~~purposes.

Prudential 2015 Amended Agreement

On April 10, 2020, we entered into the Second Amendment to the Prudential 2015 Amended Agreement (the “Prudential Second Amendment”), in order to (i) increase the facility size to $425 million, (ii) extend the facility issuance period to April 10, 2023, (iii) make various implementing and administrative changes in order to facilitate a ~~partial repayment~~$75 million notes issuance on April 14, 2020, (iv) allow the amount available to be issued under the facility to equal $425 million less the amount of ~~borrowings under~~notes outstanding from time to time during the issuance period and (v) modify several defined terms, schedules and covenant baskets in the Prudential 2015 Amended Agreement to create additional operating flexibility, and in particular to align such provisions with similar modifications we made substantially concurrently in our other debt facilities.

On April 14, 2020, we issued and sold to Prudential and other purchasers $75 million of our unsecured senior notes (the “Prudential 2030 Series D Notes”) pursuant to the Prudential Second Amendment. The entire outstanding balance of the Prudential 2030 Series D Notes is due and payable on April 14, 2030, and the Prudential 2030 Series D Notes bear interest at the rate of 2.50% per annum. We anticipate using the proceeds received from the Prudential 2030 Series D Notes for general corporate purposes.

NY Life 2013 and 2014 Note Agreements

On April 10, 2020, we amended the NY Life 2013 Note Agreement and the NY Life 2014 Note Agreement by entering into two Amendments to Note Purchase Agreement with New York Life Insurance Company and the other parties thereto, which modified several defined terms, schedules and covenant baskets in the NY Life 2013 Agreement and the NY Life 2014 Note Agreement to create additional operating flexibility, and in particular to align such provisions with similar modifications we made substantially concurrently in our other debt facilities.

Credit ~~Facility.~~Facility - Subsequent Event

On April 14, 2020, we, along with IDEXX Distribution, Inc., IDEXX Operations, Inc., OPTI Medical Systems, Inc., IDEXX Laboratories Canada Corporation, IDEXX Europe B.V., and IDEXX Holding B.V., our wholly-owned subsidiaries (whether directly or indirectly held) (collectively, the “Borrowers”), entered into a third amended and restated credit agreement (the "Credit Agreement") relating to a three-year unsecured revolving credit facility in the principal amount of $1 billion, among the Borrowers, the lenders party thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Toronto Branch, as Toronto agent, and the other parties thereto.

The Credit Agreement amends and restates that certain second amended and restated credit agreement dated as of December 4, 2015, (which provided for a $850 million five-year unsecured revolving credit facility) to extend the maturity to April 14, 2023 and to increase the aggregate commitments available for borrowing by the Borrowers to $1 billion with the option to increase the aggregate commitments by $250 million, for an aggregate maximum of up to $1.25 billion, subject to the Borrowers obtaining commitments from existing or new lenders and satisfying other conditions specified in the Credit Agreement.

NOTE ~~10.~~12. REPURCHASES OF COMMON STOCK

໿

We primarily acquire shares by repurchases in the open market. However, we also acquire shares that are surrendered by employees in payment for the minimum required statutory withholding taxes due on the vesting of restricted stock units and the settlement of deferred stock units, otherwise referred to herein as employee surrenders. We issue shares of treasury stock upon the vesting of certain restricted stock units and upon the exercise of certain stock options. The number of shares of treasury stock issued during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, was not material.

The following is a summary of our open market common stock repurchases, reported on a trade date basis, and shares acquired through employee ~~surrender~~surrender:



(in thousands, except per share amounts)	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020		2019

Shares repurchased in the open market	721		267
Shares acquired through employee surrender for statutory tax withholding	30		36
Total shares repurchased	751		303

Cost of shares repurchased in the open market	$	179,623	$	53,862
Cost of shares for employee surrenders	8,604		7,403
Total cost of shares	$	188,227	$	61,265

Average cost per share - open market repurchases	$	249.20	$	201.41
Average cost per share - employee surrenders	$	288.78	$	206.35
Average cost per share - total	$	250.77	$	202.00

໿

NOTE 13. INCOME TAXES

Our effective income tax rate was 18.2% for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019 and 2018~~ ~~(in thousands, except per share amounts)~~:

For the Three Months Ended
March 31,
2019 2018

Shares repurchased in the open market 267
465
Shares acquired through employee surrender for statutory tax withholding 36
48
Total shares repurchased 303
513

Cost of shares repurchased in the open market $ 53,862
$ 86,188
Cost of shares for employee surrenders 7,403
8,555
Total cost of shares $ 61,265
$ 94,743

Average cost per share - open market repurchases $ 201.41
$ 185.23
Average cost per share - employee surrenders $ 206.35
$ 178.83
Average cost per share - total $ 202.00
$ 184.63

໿

~~NOTE 11. INCOME TAXES~~

~~Our effective income tax rate was~~2020, as compared to 17.7% for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, as compared to 14.3%~~2019. The increase in our effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, ~~2018. The increase~~2020, as compared to the same period in ~~our effective tax rate~~the prior year, was primarily ~~related~~driven by regional earnings mix, with relatively lower statutory earnings subject to lower international tax rates than domestic tax rates, partially offset by higher tax benefits from share-based ~~compensation, partially offset by a nonrecurring item recorded in~~compensation.

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, ~~2018, that resulted~~2020, differed from the ~~2017 Tax Cut and Jobs Act.~~U.S. statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to tax benefits from share-based compensation.

NOTE ~~12.~~14. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

The changes in AOCI, net of tax, ~~for the three months ended March 31, 2019,~~ consisted of the ~~following~~ ~~(in thousands)~~: following:



	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
				Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Cash Flow Hedges, Net of Tax			Unrealized Gain on Net Investment Hedges, Net of Tax
(in thousands)	Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments, Net of Tax			Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts			Euro-Denominated Notes		Cross Currency Swaps		Cumulative Translation Adjustment			Total

Balance as of December 31, 2019	$	110		$	(736	)	$	1,396	$	3,467	$	(50,419	)	$	(46,182	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(279		)	9,426			1,047		4,049		(22,206		)	(7,963		)
Gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	—			(1,101		)	—		—		—			(1,101		)
Balance as of March 31, 2020	$	(169	)	$	7,589		$	2,443	$	7,516	$	(72,625	)	$	(55,246	)

໿



	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
				Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges, Net of Tax			Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Net Investment Hedges, Net of Tax
(in thousands)	Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Investments, Net of Tax			Foreign Currency Exchange Contracts			Euro-Denominated Notes			Cross Currency Swaps		Cumulative Translation Adjustment			Total

Balance as of December 31, 2018	$	(157	)	$	6,229		$	(394	)	$	1,360	$	(48,829	)	$	(41,791	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	407			1,043			1,480			1,431		(1,423		)	2,938
Gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	—			(1,162		)	—			—		—			(1,162		)
Balance as of March 31, 2019	$	250		$	6,110		$	1,086		$	2,791	$	(50,252	)	$	(40,015	)

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Investments,
Net of Tax

Unrealized Gain (Loss)
on Derivative Instruments, Net of Tax

Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Net
Investment Hedge, Net of Tax

Cumulative Translation
Adjustment
Total

Balance as of December 31, 2018 $ (157 ) $ 7,589
$ (394 ) $ (48,829 ) $ (41,791 )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 407
2,474
1,480
(1,423 ) 2,938
Gains reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income —
(1,162 ) —
—
(1,162 )
Balance as of March 31, 2019 $ 250
$ 8,901
$ 1,086
$ (50,252 ) $ (40,015 )

໿

~~The changes in AOCI, net of tax, for the three months ended March 31, 2018, consisted of the following~~ ~~(in thousands)~~:

For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Investments,
Net of Tax

Unrealized (Loss) Gain
on Derivative Instruments, Net of Tax

Unrealized Loss on Net
Investment Hedge, Net of Tax

Cumulative Translation
Adjustment
Total

Balance as of December 31, 2017 $ (22 ) $ (5,219 ) $ (4,311 ) $ (26,918 ) $ (36,470 )
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications 118
(2,388 ) (2,216 ) 5,165
679
Losses reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income —
1,585
—
—
1,585
Balance as of March 31, 2018 $ 96
$ (6,022 ) $ (6,527 ) $ (21,753 ) $ (34,206 )

The following ~~is a summary of reclassifications~~tables present components and amounts reclassified out of AOCI ~~for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018~~ ~~(in thousands)~~:

to net income:

Details about AOCI Components Affected Line Item in the Statements of Income Amounts Reclassified from AOCI For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2019 2018
Gain (loss) on derivative instruments classified as cash flow hedges included in net income:
Foreign currency exchange contracts Cost of revenue $ 1,411
$ (1,835 )
Tax expense (benefit) 249
(250 )
Gain (loss), net of tax $ 1,162
$ (1,585 )



(in thousands)	Affected Line Item in the Statements of Income	Amounts Reclassified from AOCI For the Three Months Ended March 31,
		2020		2019
Gain on derivative instruments classified as cash flow hedges included in net income:
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Cost of revenue	$	1,341	$	1,411
	Tax expense	240		249
	Gain, net of tax	$	1,101	$	1,162

NOTE ~~13.~~15. EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to our stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and vested deferred stock units outstanding during the year. The computation of diluted earnings per share is similar to the computation of basic earnings per share, except that the denominator is increased for the assumed exercise of dilutive options and assumed issuance of unvested restricted stock units and unvested deferred stock units using the treasury stock method unless the effect is anti-dilutive. The treasury stock method assumes that proceeds, including cash received from the exercise of employee stock options and the total unrecognized compensation expense for unvested share-based compensation awards, would be used to purchase our common stock at the average market price during the period. Vested deferred stock units outstanding are included in shares outstanding for basic and diluted earnings per share because the associated shares of our common stock are issuable for no cash consideration, the number of shares of our common stock to be issued is fixed and issuance is not contingent. See Note 5 to the consolidated financial statements in our ~~2018~~2019 Annual Report for additional information regarding deferred stock units.

The following is a reconciliation of weighted average shares outstanding for basic and diluted earnings per ~~share for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018~~ ~~(in thousands)~~: share:



(in thousands)	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020	2019

Shares outstanding for basic earnings per share	85,427	86,204

Shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share:
Shares outstanding for basic earnings per share	85,427	86,204
Dilutive effect of share-based payment awards	1,278	1,345
	86,705	87,549

For the Three Months Ended
March 31,
2019 2018

Shares outstanding for basic earnings per share 86,204
87,331

Shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share:
Shares outstanding for basic earnings per share 86,204
87,331
Dilutive effect of share-based payment awards 1,345
1,613
87,549
88,944

໿

Certain awards and options to acquire shares have been excluded from the calculation of shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share because they were anti-dilutive. The following table presents information concerning those anti-dilutive ~~options for the three months ended March 31, 2019~~awards and ~~2018~~ ~~(in thousands~~): options:



(in thousands)	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2020	2019

Weighted average number of shares underlying anti-dilutive awards	34	1
Weighted average number of shares underlying anti-dilutive options	197	463

For the Three Months Ended
March 31,
2019 2018

Weighted average number of shares underlying anti-dilutive options 463
167

໿

NOTE ~~14.~~16. COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND GUARANTEES

Commitments

See "Note 6.8. Leases", for more information regarding our lease commitments.

Contingencies and Guarantees

We are subject to claims that may arise in the ordinary course of business, including with respect to actual and threatened litigation and other matters. We accrue for loss contingencies when it is probable that future expenditures will be made, and such expenditures can be reasonably estimated. However, the results of legal actions cannot be predicted with certainty, and therefore our actual losses with respect to these contingencies could exceed our accruals. At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, our accruals with respect to actual and threatened litigation were not material.

From time to time, we have received notices alleging that our products infringe third-party proprietary rights, although we are not aware of any pending litigation with respect to such claims. Patent litigation frequently is complex and expensive, and the outcome of patent litigation can be difficult to predict. There can be no assurance that we will prevail in any

infringement proceedings that may be commenced against us. If we lose any such litigation, we may be stopped from selling certain products and/or we may be required to pay damages as a result of the litigation.

We have had no significant changes to our contingencies and guarantees discussed in Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements in our ~~2018~~2019 Annual Report.

NOTE ~~15.~~17. SEGMENT REPORTING

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker (“CODM”), or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Our CODM is our Chief Executive Officer. Our reportable segments include diagnostic and information technology-based products and services for the veterinary market, which we refer to as the Companion Animal Group (“CAG”), water quality products (“Water”) and diagnostic products and services for livestock and poultry health and to ensure the quality and safety of milk and improve dairy efficiency, which we refer to as Livestock, Poultry and Dairy (“LPD”). Our Other operating segment combines and presents products for the human ~~point-of-care~~ medical diagnostics ("OPTI Medical") market with our out-licensing arrangements. Assets are not allocated to segments for internal reporting purposes.

~~Certain~~Effective January 1, 2020, we modified our management reporting to the Chief Operating Decision Maker to provide a more comprehensive view of the performance of our operating segments by including costs ~~are~~that previously were not allocated to our segments. Prior to January 1, 2020, certain costs were not allocated to our operating segments and ~~are~~were instead reported under the caption “Unallocated ~~Amounts.”~~Amounts”. These costs ~~include costs that do not align with one of our existing operating segments or are cost prohibitive to allocate, which~~ primarily consist of our R&D function, regional or country expenses ~~certain foreign currency revaluation and settlement gains and losses on monetary balances in currencies other than our subsidiaries’ functional currency~~ and unusual items. Corporate support function costs (such as information technology, facilities, human resources, finance and legal), health benefits and incentive compensation ~~are~~were charged to our business segments at pre-determined budgeted amounts or rates. ~~Differences from~~Beginning January 1, 2020, the segments will reflect these ~~pre-determined budgeted amounts or rates~~actual costs allocated to the segment based on various allocation methods, including revenue and headcount. Foreign exchange losses on settlements of foreign currency denominated transactions are ~~also captured~~not allocated to our operating segments and are instead reported within our Other reporting segment.

The following table reflects adjustments to previously reported costs in our Unallocated ~~Amounts.~~segment, that are now allocated to our CAG, Water, LPD and Other segments for the three months ended March 31, 2019:



(in thousands)
	CAG			Water			LPD			Other			Unallocated

Cost of sales	$	(182	)	$	(8	)	$	(10	)	$	(4	)	$	204
Gross profit	182			8			10			4			(204		)

Operating Expenses:
Sales and marketing	$	129		$	6		$	7		$	—		$	(142	)
General and administrative	(202		)	(40		)	(47		)	215			74
Research and development	3,558			9			11			—			(3,578		)
Total operating expenses	3,485			(25		)	(29		)	215			(3,646		)
Income from operations	$	(3,303	)	$	33		$	39		$	(211	)	$	3,442

The following is a summary of segment ~~performance for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018~~ ~~(in thousands)~~:໿performance:



(in thousands)	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	CAG		Water		LPD		Other		Consolidated Total
2020
Revenue	$	551,996	$	34,149	$	34,154	$	6,037	$	626,336

Income from operations	$	118,659	$	15,882	$	9,663	$	121	$	144,325
Interest expense, net									(7,552		)
Income before provision for income taxes									136,773
Provision for income taxes									24,917
Net income									111,856
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest									29
Net income attributable to IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. stockholders									$	111,827

2019
Revenue	$	508,918	$	30,310	$	31,506	$	5,322	$	576,056

Income from operations	$	111,719	$	13,815	$	6,289	$	1,315	$	133,138
Interest expense, net									(8,346		)
Income before provision for income taxes									124,792
Provision for income taxes									22,083
Net income									102,709
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest									28
Net income attributable to IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. stockholders									$	102,681

For the Three Months Ended March 31,
CAG Water LPD Other Unallocated Amounts Consolidated Total
2019

Revenue $ 508,918
$ 30,310
$ 31,506
$ 5,322
$ —
$ 576,056

Income (loss) from operations $ 115,022
$ 13,782
$ 6,250
$ 1,526
$ (3,442 ) $ 133,138
Interest expense, net (8,346 )
Income before provision for income taxes 124,792
Provision for income taxes 22,083
Net income 102,709
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest 28
Net income attributable to IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. stockholders $ 102,681

2018
Revenue $ 470,833
$ 29,143
$ 32,240
$ 5,440
$ —
$ 537,656

Income (loss) from operations $ 100,398
$ 12,462
$ 2,961
$ 498
$ (3,275 ) $ 113,044
Interest expense, net (8,695 )
Income before provision for income taxes 104,349
Provision for income taxes 14,873
Net income 89,476
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest 25
Net income attributable to IDEXX Laboratories, Inc. stockholders $ 89,451

See “Note 3. Revenue Recognition” for a summary of disaggregated revenue by reportable segment and by major product and service category for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018.~~2019.

NOTE ~~16.~~18. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

U.S. GAAP defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs, where available, and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.

We have certain financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, certain nonfinancial assets and liabilities that may be measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis and certain financial assets and liabilities that are not measured at fair value in our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets but for which we disclose the fair value. The fair value disclosures of these assets and liabilities are based on a three-level hierarchy, which is defined as follows:



Level 1		Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at the measurement date.
Level 2		Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
Level 3		Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. We did not have any transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 or transfers in or out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~ 2020.

Our cross currency swap contracts are measured at fair value on a recurring basis in our accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. We measure the fair value of our cross currency swap contracts classified as derivative instruments using prevailing market conditions as of the close of business on each balance sheet date. The product of this calculation is then adjusted for counterparty risk.

Our foreign currency exchange contracts are measured at fair value on a recurring basis in our accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets. We measure the fair value of our foreign currency exchange contracts classified as derivative instruments using an income approach, based on prevailing market forward rates less the contract rate multiplied by the notional amount. The product of this calculation is then adjusted for counterparty risk.

The amounts outstanding under our unsecured revolving credit facility (“Credit Facility” or “line of credit”) and senior notes (“long-term debt”) are measured at carrying value in our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets though we disclose the fair value of these financial instruments. We determine the fair value of the amount outstanding under our Credit Facility and long-term debt using an income approach, utilizing a discounted cash flow analysis based on current market interest rates for debt issues with similar remaining years to maturity, adjusted for applicable credit risk. Our Credit Facility and long-term debt are valued using Level 2 inputs. The estimated fair value of our Credit Facility approximates its carrying value. The estimated fair value and carrying value of our long-term debt were ~~$717.1~~$790.7 million and ~~$699.8~~$698.0 million, respectively, as of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, and ~~$607.3~~$753.6 million and ~~$601.8~~$699.4 million, respectively, as of December 31, ~~2018.~~ 2019.

The following tables set forth our assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis ~~at March 31, 2019, and at December 31, 2018,~~ by level within the fair value ~~hierarchy~~ ~~(in thousands)~~:hierarchy:


As of March 31, 2019	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Balance at March 31, 2019
(in thousands)
As of March 31, 2020									Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Balance at March 31, 2020

Assets
Money market funds⁽¹⁾	$	255	$	—	$	—	$	255	$	76	$	—	$	—	$	76
Equity mutual funds⁽²⁾	$	1,809	$	—	$	—	$	1,809	$	1,278	$	—	$	—	$	1,278
Cross currency swaps⁽³⁾	$	—	$	3,670	$	—	$	3,670	$	—	$	9,883	$	—	$	9,883
Foreign currency exchange contracts⁽³⁾	$	—	$	7,326	$	—	$	7,326	$	—	$	9,643	$	—	$	9,643
Liabilities
Foreign currency exchange contracts⁽³⁾	$	—	$	74	$	—	$	74	$	—	$	39	$	—	$	39
Deferred compensation⁽⁴⁾	$	1,809	$	—	$	—	$	1,809	$	1,278	$	—	$	—	$	1,278


As of December 31, 2018	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Balance at December 31, 2018
(in thousands)
As of December 31, 2019									Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Balance at December 31, 2019

Assets
Money market funds⁽¹⁾	$	250	$	—	$	—	$	250	$	71	$	—	$	—	$	71
Equity mutual funds⁽²⁾	$	1,673	$	—	$	—	$	1,673	$	1,676	$	—	$	—	$	1,676
Cross currency swaps⁽³⁾	$	—	$	1,789	$	—	$	1,789	$	—	$	4,559	$	—	$	4,559
Foreign currency exchange contracts⁽³⁾	$	—	$	8,163	$	—	$	8,163	$	—	$	1,791	$	—	$	1,791
Liabilities
Foreign currency exchange contracts⁽³⁾	$	—	$	603	$	—	$	603	$	—	$	2,886	$	—	$	2,886
Deferred compensation⁽⁴⁾	$	1,673	$	—	$	—	$	1,673	$	1,676	$	—	$	—	$	1,676


(1)	Money market funds with an original maturity of less than ninety days are included within cash and cash equivalents. The remaining balance of cash and cash equivalents as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, consisted of demand deposits.


(2)	Equity mutual funds relate to a deferred compensation plan that was assumed as part of a previous business combination. This amount is included within other long-term assets. See ~~number~~footnote (4) below for a discussion of the related deferred compensation liability.


(3)	Cross currency swaps and foreign currency exchange contracts are included within other current ~~assets;~~assets, other long-term ~~assets;~~assets, accrued ~~liabilities;~~liabilities, or other long-term liabilities depending on the gain (loss) position and anticipated settlement date.


(4)	A deferred compensation plan assumed as part of a previous business combination is included within accrued liabilities and other long-term liabilities. The fair value of our deferred compensation plan is indexed to the performance of the underlying equity mutual funds discussed in ~~number~~footnote (2) above.

The estimated fair value of certain financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate carrying value due to their short maturity.

NOTE ~~17.~~19. HEDGING INSTRUMENTS

Disclosure within this note is presented to provide transparency about how and why we use derivative and non-derivative instruments (collectively “hedging instruments”), how the instruments and related hedged items are accounted for, and how the instruments and related hedged items affect our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

We are exposed to certain risks related to our ongoing business operations. The primary risk that we currently manage by using hedging instruments is foreign currency exchange risk. We may also enter into interest rate swaps to minimize the impact of interest rate fluctuations associated with borrowings under our variable-rate Credit Facility.

Our subsidiaries enter into foreign currency exchange contracts to manage the exchange risk associated with their forecasted intercompany inventory purchases and sales for the next year. From time to time, we may also enter into other foreign currency exchange contracts, cross currency swaps or foreign-denominated debt issuances to minimize the impact of

foreign currency fluctuations associated with specific balance sheet exposures, including net investments in certain foreign subsidiaries.

The primary purpose of our foreign currency hedging activities is to protect against the volatility associated with foreign currency transactions, including transactions denominated in the euro, British pound, Japanese yen, Canadian dollar, and Australian dollar. We also utilize natural hedges to mitigate our transaction and commitment exposures. Our corporate policy prescribes the range of allowable hedging activity. We enter into foreign currency exchange contracts with well-capitalized multinational financial institutions, and we do not hold or engage in transactions involving derivative instruments for purposes other than risk management. Our accounting policies for these contracts are based on the designation of such instruments as hedging transactions.

We recognize all hedging instruments on the balance sheet at fair value at the balance sheet date. Instruments that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment must be recorded at fair value through earnings. To qualify for hedge accounting treatment, cash flow and net investment hedges must be highly effective in offsetting changes to expected future cash flows or fair value on hedged transactions. If the instrument qualifies for hedge accounting, changes in the fair value of the hedging instrument from the effective portion of the hedge are deferred in AOCI, net of tax, and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. We immediately record in earnings the extent to which a hedging instrument is not effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value. We de-designate hedging instruments from hedge accounting when the likelihood of the hedged transaction occurring becomes less than probable. For de-designated

instruments, the gain or loss from the time of de-designation through maturity of the instrument is recognized in earnings. Any gain or loss in AOCI at the time of de-designation is reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. See “Note ~~12.~~14. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income” for further information regarding the effect of hedging instruments on our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018.~~2019.

We enter into master netting arrangements with the counterparties to our derivative transactions which permit certain outstanding receivables and payables to be offset in the event of default. Our derivative contracts do not require either party to post cash collateral. We elect to present our derivative assets and liabilities in the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets on a gross basis. All cash flows related to our foreign currency exchange contracts are classified as operating cash flows, which is consistent with the cash flow treatment of the underlying items being hedged.

Cash Flow Hedges

We have designated our foreign currency exchange contracts as cash flow hedges as these derivative instruments mitigate the exposure to variability in the cash flows of forecasted transactions attributable to foreign currency exchange. Unless noted otherwise, we have also designated our derivative instruments as qualifying for hedge accounting treatment.

We did not de-designate any instruments from hedge accounting treatment during either the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 or ~~2018.~~2019. At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the estimated amount of net gains, net of ~~income~~ tax, ~~benefit,~~ which are expected to be reclassified out of AOCI and into earnings within the next 12 months, is ~~$5.9~~$6.5 million if exchange rates do not fluctuate from the levels at March 31, ~~2019.~~2020.

We hedge approximately 85% of the estimated exposure from intercompany product purchases and sales denominated in the euro, British pound, Canadian dollar, Japanese yen, and Australian ~~dollar, and Swiss franc.~~dollar. We have additional unhedged foreign currency exposures related to foreign services and emerging markets where it is not practical to hedge. We primarily utilize foreign currency exchange contracts with durations of less than 24 months. Quarterly, we enter into contracts to hedge incremental portions of anticipated foreign currency transactions for the current and following year. As a result, our risk with respect to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and the notional value of foreign currency exchange contracts may vary throughout the year. The U.S. dollar is the currency purchased or sold in all of our foreign currency exchange contracts. The notional amount of foreign currency exchange contracts to hedge forecasted intercompany inventory purchases and sales totaled ~~$184.6~~$202.3 million and ~~$190.9~~$210.9 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and December 31, ~~2018,~~2019, respectively.

The following tables present the effect of cash flow hedge accounting on our unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, and provide information regarding the location and amounts of pretax gains or losses of ~~derivatives~~ ~~(in thousands)~~: derivatives:



(in thousands)		Three Months Ended March 31,
		2020		2019

Financial statement line items in which effects of cash flow hedges are recorded	Cost of revenue	$	266,746	$	244,459
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount of gain reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income		$	1,341	$	1,411

Three Months Ended March 31,
2019 2018

Financial statement line items in which effects of cash flow hedges are recorded Cost of revenue $ 244,459
$ 234,557
Foreign exchange contracts
Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income into income $ 1,411
$ (1,835 )

Net Investment Hedges

In June 2015, we issued and sold through a private placement an aggregate principal amount of €88.9 million in euro-denominated 1.785% Series C Senior Notes due June 18, 2025. We have designated these euro-denominated notes as a hedge of our euro net investment in certain foreign subsidiaries to reduce the volatility in stockholders’ equity caused by changes in foreign currency exchange rates in the euro relative to the U.S. dollar. As a result of this designation, gains and losses from the change in translated U.S. dollar value of these euro-denominated notes are recorded in AOCI rather than to earnings. We recorded agains of $1.0 million and $1.5 million, ~~gain,~~ net of ~~income~~ tax, within AOCI as a result of this net investment hedge for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020 and 2019, respectively. The related cumulative unrealized gain recorded at March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, will not be reclassified in earnings until the complete or substantially complete liquidation of the net investment in the hedged foreign operations or a portion of the hedge no longer qualifies for hedge accounting treatment. See Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements included in our ~~2018~~2019 Annual Report for further information regarding the issuance of these euro-denominated notes.

During May 2018, January 2019, March 2019, and ~~March~~November 2019, we entered into cross currency swap contracts as a hedge of our net investment in foreign operations to offset foreign currency translation gains and losses on the net investment. The cross currency swaps have a maturity date of June 30, 2023. At maturity of the cross currency swap ~~contract,~~contracts, we will deliver the notional amount of ~~€80.0~~€90.0 million and will receive approximately ~~$93.5~~$104.5 million from the counterparties. The change in fair value of the cross currency swap contracts are recorded in AOCI and will be reclassified to earnings when the foreign subsidiaries are sold or substantially liquidated. During the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019, we recorded ~~a gain~~gains of $4.0 million and $1.4 million, net of ~~income~~ tax, within AOCI as a result of these net investment ~~hedges.~~hedges, respectively. We will receive quarterly interest payments from the counterparties based on a fixed interest rate until maturity of the cross currency ~~swap.~~swaps. This interest rate component is excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and, thus is recognized as a reduction to interest expense over the life of the hedge instrument. We recognized approximately $0.7 million and $0.5 million related to the excluded component as a reduction of interest expense for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020 and 2019, respectively.

Fair Values of Hedging Instruments Designated as Hedges in Consolidated Balance Sheets

The fair values of hedging instruments and their respective classification on our unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets and amounts subject to offset under master netting arrangements consisted of the following derivative instruments, unless otherwise ~~noted~~ ~~(in thousands)~~: noted:



(in thousands)		Hedging Assets
		March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019

Derivatives and non-derivatives designated as hedging instruments	Balance Sheet Classification
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Other current assets	$	8,346		$	1,791
Cross currency swaps	Other long-term assets	9,883			4,559
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Other long-term assets	1,297			—
Total derivative instruments presented as hedge instruments on the balance sheet		19,526			6,350
Gross amounts subject to master netting arrangements not offset on the balance sheet		(39		)	(1,354		)
Net amount		$	19,487		$	4,996

Hedging Assets
March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018

Derivatives and non-derivatives designated as hedging instruments Balance Sheet Classification
Foreign currency exchange contracts Other current assets $ 7,127
$ 8,163
Cross currency swaps Other long-term assets 3,670
1,789
Foreign currency exchange contracts Other long-term assets 199
—
Total derivative instruments presented as hedge instruments on the balance sheet 10,996
9,952
Gross amounts subject to master netting arrangements not offset on the balance sheet 74
603
Net amount $ 10,922
$ 9,349

໿



(in thousands)		Hedging Liabilities
		March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019

Derivatives and non-derivatives designated as hedging instruments	Balance Sheet Classification
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Accrued liabilities	$	39		$	2,886
Total derivative instruments presented as cash flow hedges on the balance sheet		39			2,886
Non-derivative foreign currency denominated debt designated as net investment hedge on the balance sheet⁽¹⁾	Long-term debt	98,045			99,422
Total hedging instruments presented on the balance sheet		98,084			102,308
Gross amounts subject to master netting arrangements not offset on the balance sheet		(39		)	(1,354		)
Net amount		$	98,045		$	100,954

Hedging Liabilities
March 31, 2019 December 31, 2018

Derivatives and non-derivatives designated as hedging instruments Balance Sheet Classification
Foreign currency exchange contracts Accrued liabilities $ 59
$ 603
Foreign currency exchange contracts Other long-term liabilities 15
—
Total derivative instruments presented as cash flow hedges on the balance sheet 74
603
Non-derivative foreign currency denominated debt designated as net investment hedge on the balance sheet⁽¹⁾
Long-term debt 99,831
101,777
Total hedging instruments presented on the balance sheet 99,905
102,380
Gross amounts subject to master netting arrangements not offset on the balance sheet 74
603
Net amount $ 99,831
$ 101,777

(1) Amounts represent reported carrying amounts of our foreign currency denominated debt. See "Note ~~16.~~18. Fair Value Measurements" for information regarding the fair value of our long-term debt.

NOTE 20. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

In April of 2020, we issued an additional $200 million in long-term, fixed-rate senior notes and amended the existing Credit Facility to extend the term to 2023 and expand the borrowing capacity to $1 billion. For more information, see "Note 11. Debt."

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains statements which, to the extent they are not statements of historical fact, constitute “forward-looking statements.” Such forward-looking statements about our business and expectations within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), include statements relating to, among other things, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic; participation in any COVID-19-related government programs; future revenue growth rates; projected tax rates ~~future~~and the impact of tax ~~benefits;~~legislation and regulatory action; business trends, earnings and other measures of financial performance; the effect of economic downturns on our business performance; projected impact of foreign currency exchange rates; demand for our products; realizability of assets; future cash flow and uses of cash; future repurchases of common stock; future levels of indebtedness, capital spending and operating expenditures; the impact of certain debt financing transactions and cash flow management measures; the working capital ~~spending;~~and liquidity outlook; the estimated amount and impact of certain cost control measures; interest expense; warranty expense; share-based compensation expense; the adoption and projected impact of new accounting standards; critical accounting estimates; new products and future commercial efforts; and competition. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of words such as “expects,” “may,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “would,” “will,” “plans,” “believes,” “estimates,” “should,” “project,” and similar words and expressions. These forward-looking statements are intended to provide our current expectations or forecasts of future events; are based on current estimates, projections, beliefs, and assumptions; and are not guarantees of future performance. Actual events or results may differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties, including, among other things, the adverse impact, and the duration, of the effects of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic on our business, results of operations, liquidity, financial condition, and stock price, as well as the other matters ~~discussed in "Part I. Item 1A. Risk Factors”~~ described under the headings "Business," "Risk Factors," "Legal Proceedings," "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," and "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk" in our ~~2018~~2019 Annual Report and in the corresponding sections of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as those described from time to time in our other periodic reports filed with the SEC.

Any forward-looking statements represent our estimates only as of the day this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q was filed with the SEC and should not be relied upon as representing our estimates as of any subsequent date. From time to time, oral or written forward-looking statements may also be included in other materials released to the public. While we may elect to update forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we specifically disclaim any obligation to do so, even if our estimates or expectations change.

You should read the following discussion and analysis in conjunction with our ~~2018~~2019 Annual Report that includes additional information about us, our results of operations, our financial position, and our cash flows, and with our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in Part I,I. Item 11. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Effects of Certain Factorsand Trendson Results of Operations

COVID-19 Update. The primary impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic have been seen in our CAG business. While veterinary care is widely recognized as an “essential” service for pet owners, and veterinarians continue to deliver essential medical care for sick and injured pets, stay-at-home and social distancing policies being deployed to combat the spread of COVID-19, and prioritization of sick and emergency testing at veterinary clinics, have resulted in a decrease in companion animal clinical visits, including delay of elective procedures and wellness visits.

As an example, tracking of weekly U.S. companion animal practice data indicates year-over-year declines of 15% to 30% in per practice clinical visits from the week ending March 27, 2020 through the week ended April 24, 2020, with lower levels of decline in non-wellness visits and higher levels of decline in wellness visits. These types of trends have contributed to year-over-year declines in demand for our products and services during this period, with varying impacts by region and diagnostic testing modality. These impacts are dynamic, and we have seen meaningful improvement in diagnostic testing trends over the two-week period ended April 24th driven by U.S. and International regions where COVID-19 case management efforts have progressed further and where stay-at-home and social distancing policies have been moderated.

Protecting Employee Health and Safety

In an effort to protect the health and safety of our workforce and their families and communities, the majority of our employees have been enabled to work remotely during this time. We have also implemented other measures, such as restricting travel where possible, to protect the health and safety of our customers, their patients and our employees.

Maintaining Operations and Customer Service

Major IDEXX operations, such as global manufacturing, distribution and our network of reference laboratories, are operating efficiently under enhanced health and safety precautionary measures, and we are continuing to serve our customers globally. For our employees involved in these essential operations, we have implemented recommended best practices to protect the health and safety of our workforce.

Operating Cost and Liquidity Management

We have taken proactive steps to prudently control costs in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, while ensuring we are well-positioned for a recovery in market conditions. We have advanced actions to reduce quarterly operating expenses by approximately $25 million compared to original plan levels. These actions include the temporary reduction of the salaries of our chief executive officer by 30%, officers and senior executives by 20% and the majority of other salaried employees by 10%, which we intend to stop as market conditions improve, as well as the suspension of cash compensation for our Board of Directors. These savings will mitigate near-term financial impacts from potential revenue declines related to COVID-19 social distancing procedures, which we estimate will flow through at high incremental gross margin rates associated with CAG Diagnostics recurring revenues.

We are confident in our working capital and liquidity levels, supported by our high-return recurring revenue business model with relatively low capital intensity. In April, we further enhanced our liquidity and financial flexibility by issuing $200 million in 10-year, 2.5% fixed-rate financing and securing an expanded $1 billion Credit Facility extended through 2023. We have also suspended share repurchase activity.

Currency Impact. See “Part I. Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information regarding the impact of foreign currency exchange rates.

Other Items. See “Part I. Item 1. Business - Patents and Licenses” and “Part II. Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our 2019 Annual Report for additional information regarding distributor purchasing and inventories, economic conditions, and patent expiration.

Business Overview

We develop, manufacture, and distribute products and provide services primarily for the companion animal veterinary, livestock, poultry and dairy, and water testing markets. We also ~~sell a line~~design, manufacture and distribute point of ~~portable electrolytes~~care and ~~blood gas analyzers~~laboratory diagnostics for the human ~~point-of-care~~ medical diagnostics market. Our primary products and services are:

Point-of-care veterinary diagnostic products, comprising instruments, consumables, and rapid assay test kits;

Veterinary reference laboratory diagnostic and consulting services;

Practice management and diagnostic imaging systems and services used by ~~veterinaries;~~veterinarians;

Health monitoring, biological materials testing, laboratory diagnostic instruments and services used by the biomedical research community;

Diagnostic, health-monitoring products for livestock, poultry, and dairy;

Products that test water for certain microbiological contaminants; and

Point-of-care electrolytes and blood gas analyzers, and laboratory diagnostics used in the human ~~point-of-care~~ medical diagnostics market.

Operating Segments. We operate primarily through three business segments: diagnostic and information technology-based products and services for the veterinary market, which we refer to as the Companion Animal Group (“CAG”), water quality products (“Water”) and diagnostic products and services for livestock and poultry health and to ensure the quality and safety of milk and improve dairy reproductive efficiency, which we refer to as Livestock, Poultry and Dairy (“LPD”). Our Other operating segment combines and presents products for the human ~~point-of-care~~ medical diagnostics market (“OPTI Medical”) with our out-licensing arrangements because they do not meet the quantitative or qualitative thresholds for reportable segments.

CAG develops, designs, manufactures, and distributes products and performs services for veterinarians and the biomedical analytics market, primarily related to diagnostics and information management. Water develops, designs, manufactures, and distributes a range of products used in the detection of various microbiological parameters in water. LPD develops, designs, manufactures, and distributes diagnostic tests and related software and performs services that are used to manage the health status of livestock and poultry, to improve bovine reproductive efficiency, and to ensure the quality and safety of milk and food. OPTI Medical develops, designs, manufactures and distributes point-of-care and laboratory diagnostics (including electrolyte and blood gas analyzers and related consumable ~~products~~products) for the human medical diagnostics market.

~~Certain~~Effective January 1, 2020, we modified our management reporting to the Chief Operating Decision Maker to provide a more comprehensive view of the performance of our operating segments by including costs ~~are~~that were previously not allocated to our segments. Prior to January 1, 2020, certain costs were not allocated to our operating segments and ~~are~~were instead reported under the caption “Unallocated ~~Amounts.”~~Amounts”. These costs ~~include~~included costs ~~that do not align with one of our existing operating segments or are cost prohibitive to allocate, which~~ primarily ~~consist~~consisting of our R&D function, regional or country expenses ~~certain foreign currency revaluation and settlement gains and losses on monetary balances in currencies other than our subsidiaries’ functional currency~~ and unusual items. Corporate support function costs (such as information technology, facilities, human resources, finance and legal), health benefits and incentive compensation ~~are~~were charged to our business segments at pre-determined budgeted amounts or rates. ~~Differences from~~Beginning January 1, 2020, the segments will reflect these ~~pre-determined budgeted amounts or rates are also captured within Unallocated Amounts.~~

~~Effects of Certain Factors~~actual costs allocated to the segment based on various allocation methods, including revenue and ~~Trends~~headcount. Foreign exchange losses on ~~Results of Operations~~

~~Currency Impact.~~ ~~See “Part I. Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk” included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information regarding the impact~~settlements of foreign currency ~~exchange rates.~~denominated transactions are not allocated to our operating segments and are instead reported within our Other reporting segment.

~~Other Items.~~ ~~See “Part I. Item 1. Business - Patents and Licenses” and “Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included~~The following table reflects adjustments to previously reported costs in our ~~2018 Annual Report~~Unallocated segment, that are now allocated to our CAG, Water, LPD and Other segments for ~~additional information regarding distributor purchasing~~the three months ended March 31, 2019:



(in thousands)
	CAG			Water			LPD			Other			Unallocated

Cost of sales	$	(182	)	$	(8	)	$	(10	)	$	(4	)	$	204
Gross profit	182			8			10			4			(204		)

Operating Expenses:
Sales and marketing	$	129		$	6		$	7		$	—		$	(142	)
General and administrative	(202		)	(40		)	(47		)	215			74
Research and development	3,558			9			11			—			(3,578		)
Total operating expenses	3,485			(25		)	(29		)	215			(3,646		)
Income from operations	$	(3,303	)	$	33		$	39		$	(211	)	$	3,442

The following table reflects the impact to previously reported segment gross profit margin, operating income margin and ~~inventories, economic conditions,~~operating expenses as a percentage of revenue, due to the allocation of these costs to our CAG, Water, LPD and ~~patent expiration.~~Other segments for the three months ended March 31, 2019:



	CAG		Water		LPD		Other

Cost of sales	—	%	—	%	—	%	(0.1	)%
Gross profit	—	%	—	%	—	%	0.1	%

Operating Expenses:
Sales and marketing	—	%	—	%	—	%	—	%
General and administrative	—	%	(0.1	)%	(0.1	)%	4.0	%
Research and development	0.7	%	—	%	—	%	—	%
Total operating expenses	0.7	%	(0.1	)%	(0.1	)%	4.0	%
Income from operations	(0.6	)%	0.1	%	0.1	%	(4.0	)%

Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates. ~~The~~Except as described below, the critical accounting policies and the significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, are consistent with those discussed in our ~~2018~~2019 Annual Report in the section under the heading “Part ~~II,~~II. Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions.”

Valuation of Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

A significant portion of the purchase price for acquired businesses is generally assigned to intangible assets. Intangible assets other than goodwill are initially valued at fair value. If a quoted price in an active market for the identical asset is not readily available at the measurement date, the fair value of the intangible asset is estimated based on discounted cash flows using market participant assumptions, which are assumptions that are not specific to IDEXX. The selection of appropriate valuation methodologies and the estimation of discounted cash flows require significant assumptions about the timing and amounts of future cash flows, risks, appropriate discount rates, and the useful lives of intangible assets. When material, we utilize independent valuation experts to advise and assist us in determining the fair values of the identified intangible assets acquired in connection with a business acquisition and in determining appropriate amortization methods and periods for those intangible assets. Goodwill is initially valued based on the excess of the purchase price of a business combination over the fair value of acquired net assets recognized and represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separately recognized.

We assess goodwill for impairment annually, at the reporting unit level, in the fourth quarter and whenever events or circumstances indicate impairment may exist. Our reporting units are the individual product and service categories that comprise our CAG operating segment, our Water and LPD operating segments and goodwill remaining from the restructuring of our pharmaceutical business in the fourth quarter of 2008. We also assess the realizability of other intangible assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

We considered the effects of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and have evaluated factors specific to our reporting units, as well as industry and macroeconomic factors that are reasonably likely to have a material impact on the fair value of our reporting units and determined it is more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting units and intangible assets continues to exceed the carrying amount. Examples of the factors considered in assessing the fair value of our reporting units include: the results of the most recent goodwill impairment test, recent and anticipated revenue growth trends, the market price of our common stock, our overall financial position including our working capital and liquidity levels, the competitive environment, the regulatory environment, anticipated changes in product or labor costs, the consistency of operating margins and cash flows and current and long-range financial forecasts.

The results of our most recent goodwill impairment test in the fourth quarter of 2019, indicated an excess of estimated fair value over the carrying amount for each of our reporting units with a minimum of 71% and an average of approximately 1,060% in total. The majority of our goodwill is related to our CAG Diagnostics reporting units with an average of approximately 1,200% excess of estimated fair value over the carrying amount, including our Reference Laboratory Diagnostic and Consulting Services, Rapid Assay Products, and IDEXX VetLab Consumables, Instruments, Services and Accessories.

We also maintain approximately $45 million of goodwill associated with our Veterinary Software and Services reporting unit, which is primarily comprised of recent acquisitions of early-stage software companies that expand our suite of technology applications for the veterinary profession, including SaaS-based practice management systems, applications that extend workflow capabilities, client marketing, wellness plan management and other connectivity and communication needs. These software applications continue to be in the earlier stages of commercial development, and therefore our Veterinary Software and Services reporting unit has a relatively lower excess of estimated fair value over the carrying amount, as indicated by the results of our most recent goodwill impairment test, which indicated approximately $208 million and 217% of the reporting unit’s carrying value. Realization of this goodwill is dependent on our successful commercialization of these early-stage software applications.

Additionally, we maintain approximately $6.5 million of goodwill associated with our remaining pharmaceutical intellectual property, out-licensing arrangements, and certain retained drug delivery technologies (collectively “Pharmaceutical Activities”) that we seek to commercialize through arrangements with third parties. Currently, our primary support for the carrying value of this goodwill is royalty revenue associated with the commercialization of certain intellectual property. There is no guarantee that we will be able to maintain or increase revenues from our remaining Pharmaceutical Activities. The results of our most recent goodwill impairment test for these Pharmaceutical Activities indicate an excess of estimated fair value over the carrying amount of this reporting unit by approximately $4.7 million and 71% of the reporting unit’s carrying value. Realization of this goodwill is dependent upon the success of those third parties in developing and commercializing products, which will result in our receipt of royalties and other payments.

While we believe that the assumptions used in our determination that the fair values of our reporting units continue to exceed the carrying amounts are reasonable, a change in these underlying assumptions could result in a material negative effect on the estimated fair value of the reporting units. A prolonged economic downturn in the U.S. or internationally resulting in lower long-term growth rates and reduced long-term profitability may reduce the fair value of our reporting units. Industry specific events or circumstances could have a negative impact on our reporting units and may also reduce the fair value of our reporting units. Should such events occur, and it becomes more likely than not that a reporting unit’s fair value or intangible asset value has fallen below its carrying value, we will perform an interim impairment test, in addition to the annual goodwill impairment test. Future impairment tests may result in an impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets, depending on the outcome of future impairment tests. An impairment of goodwill or other intangible assets would be reported as a non-cash charge to earnings.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

For more information regarding the impact ofthat recent accounting standards and amendments will have on our consolidated financial statements as described in Note 2 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I,I. Item 11. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The following revenue analysis and discussion focuses on organic revenue growth, and references in this analysis and discussion to “revenue,” “revenues” or “revenue growth” are references to “organic revenue growth.” Organic revenue growth is a non-GAAP financial measure and represents the percentage change in revenue during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to the same period for the prior year, net of the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates, certain business acquisitions, and divestitures. Organic revenue growth should be considered in addition to, and not as a replacement for, or as a superior measure to, revenues reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Management believes that reporting organic revenue growth provides useful information to investors by facilitating easier comparisons of our revenue performance with prior and future periods and to the performance of our peers.

We exclude from organic revenue growth the effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates because changes in foreign currency exchange rates are not under management’s control, are subject to volatility, and can obscure underlying business trends. We calculate the impact on revenue resulting from changes in foreign currency exchange rates by applying the difference between the weighted average exchange rates during the current year period and the comparable prior year period to foreign currency denominated revenues for the prior year period.

We also exclude from organic revenue growth the effect of certain business acquisitions and divestitures because the nature, size and number of these transactions can vary dramatically from period to period, and because they either require or generate cash as an inherent consequence of the transaction, and therefore can also obscure underlying business and

operating trends. We exclude only acquisitions that are considered to be a business from organic revenue growth. In a business combination, if substantially all the fair value of the assets acquired is concentrated in a single asset or group of similar assets, we do not consider these assets to be a business and include these acquisitions in organic revenue growth. A typical acquisition that we do not consider a business is a customer list asset acquisition, which does not have all elements necessary to operate a business, such as employees or infrastructure. We believe the efforts required to convert and retain these acquired customers are similar in nature to our existing customer base and therefore are included in organic revenue growth.

We also use Adjusted EBITDA, gross debt, net debt, gross debt to Adjusted EBITDA ratio and net debt to Adjusted EBITDA ratio, in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, all of which are non-GAAP financial measures that should be considered in addition to, and not as a replacement for, financial measures presented according to U.S. GAAP. Management

believes that reporting these non-GAAP financial measures provides supplemental analysis to help investors further evaluate our business performance and available borrowing capacity under our Credit Facility.

Comparison to Prior Periods

Our fiscal quarter ended on March 31. Unless otherwise stated, the analysis and discussion of our financial condition and results of operations below, including references to growth and organic growth and increases and decreases, are being compared to the equivalent prior year ~~period.~~periods.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020, Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, ~~2018~~2019

Total Company. The following table presents total Company revenue by operating segment:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,															For the Three Months Ended March 31,
Net Revenue (dollars in thousands)	2019		2018		Dollar Change			Reported Revenue Growth⁽¹⁾		Percentage Change from Currency		Percentage Change from Acquisitions		Organic Revenue Growth⁽¹⁾		2020		2019		Dollar Change		Reported Revenue Growth⁽¹⁾		Percentage Change from Currency		Percentage Change from Acquisitions		Organic Revenue Growth⁽¹⁾

CAG	$	508,918	$	470,833	$	38,085		8.1	%	(2.5	%)	0.2	%	10.5	%	$	551,996	$	508,918	$	43,078	8.5	%	(0.9	%)	0.8	%	8.6	%
United States	337,874		308,286		29,588			9.6	%	—		0.2	%	9.4	%	373,275		337,874		35,401		10.5	%	—		1.1	%	9.3	%
International	171,044		162,547		8,497			5.2	%	(7.5	%)	0.1	%	12.6	%	178,721		171,044		7,677		4.5	%	(2.6	%)	—		7.1	%

Water	30,310		29,143		1,167			4.0	%	(4.0	%)	—		8.0	%	34,149		30,310		3,839		12.7	%	(2.8	%)	—		15.4	%
United States	14,604		13,921		683			4.9	%	—		—		4.9	%	16,941		14,604		2,337		16.0	%	—		—		16.0	%
International	15,706		15,222		484			3.2	%	(7.9	%)	—		11.1	%	17,208		15,706		1,502		9.6	%	(5.3	%)	—		14.9	%

LPD	31,506		32,240		(734		)	(2.3	%)	(6.3	%)	—		4.0	%	34,154		31,506		2,648		8.4	%	(3.6	%)	—		12.0	%
United States	3,263		3,313		(50		)	(1.5	%)	—		—		(1.5	%)	3,777		3,263		514		15.8	%	—		—		15.8	%
International	28,243		28,927		(684		)	(2.4	%)	(7.0	%)	—		4.6	%	30,377		28,243		2,134		7.6	%	(4.0	%)	—		11.6	%

Other	5,322		5,440		(118		)	(2.2	%)	—		—		(2.2	%)	6,037		5,322		715		13.4	%	—		—		13.4	%

Total Company	$	576,056	$	537,656	$	38,400		7.1	%	(2.8	%)	0.1	%	9.8	%	$	626,336	$	576,056	$	50,280	8.7	%	(1.1	%)	0.7	%	9.2	%
United States	358,288		327,461		30,827			9.4	%	—		0.2	%	9.2	%	396,783		358,288		38,495		10.7	%	—		1.1	%	9.7	%
International	217,768		210,195		7,573			3.6	%	(7.3	%)	0.1	%	10.8	%	229,553		217,768		11,785		5.4	%	(3.0	%)	—		8.4	%


(1)	Reported revenue growth and organic revenue growth may not recalculate due to rounding.

Total Company Revenue. The increase in both U.S. and international organic revenues was driven by ~~strong~~ volume gains in CAG Diagnostics recurring revenue, despite the negative impacts of COVID-19 social distancing procedures and guidelines which began in mid-March. These volume gains continue to be supported by our differentiated diagnostic technologies and expanded commercial organization that are driving increased volumes from new and existing customers in our reference laboratory business and growth in consumable revenues, supported by the impact of the continued expansion of our CAG Diagnostics instrument installed ~~base. Our~~base globally. Within our CAG business we did not see a positive impact of customers accelerating orders in the first quarter related to COVID-19. Conversely, our LPD and Water businesses benefited from accelerated stocking orders related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, our LPD business benefited from increased demand for African swine fever testing programs in China, offset by decreased herd health screening, and our Water business ~~also contributed to our international growth, primarily~~benefited from higher sales volumes of our ~~Colilert~~Colilert® test products and related accessories. The impact of currency movements decreased total revenue by ~~2.8%~~1.1%.

The following table presents total Company results of operations:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,								Change					For the Three Months Ended March 31,								Change
Total Company - Results of Operations (dollars in thousands)	2019		Percent of Revenue		2018		Percent of Revenue		Amount			Percentage		2020		Percent of Revenue		2019		Percent of Revenue		Amount		Percentage

Revenues	$	576,056			$	537,656			$	38,400		7.1	%	$	626,336			$	576,056			$	50,280	8.7	%
Cost of revenue	244,459				234,557				9,902			4.2	%	266,746				244,459				22,287		9.1	%
Gross profit	331,597		57.6	%	303,099		56.4	%	28,498			9.4	%	359,590		57.4	%	331,597		57.6	%	27,993		8.4	%

Operating Expenses:
Sales and marketing	106,584		18.5	%	100,101		18.6	%	6,483			6.5	%	116,143		18.5	%	106,584		18.5	%	9,559		9.0	%
General and administrative	60,361		10.5	%	60,931		11.3	%	(570		)	(0.9	%)	65,812		10.5	%	60,361		10.5	%	5,451		9.0	%
Research and development	31,514		5.5	%	29,023		5.4	%	2,491			8.6	%	33,310		5.3	%	31,514		5.5	%	1,796		5.7	%
Total operating expenses	198,459		34.5	%	190,055		35.3	%	8,404			4.4	%	215,265		34.4	%	198,459		34.5	%	16,806		8.5	%
Income from operations	$	133,138	23.1	%	$	113,044	21.0	%	$	20,094		17.8	%	$	144,325	23.0	%	$	133,138	23.1	%	$	11,187	8.4	%

Gross Profit. Gross profit increased due to higher sales volumes, ~~and~~offset by a ~~120~~modest 20 basis point ~~increase~~decrease in the gross profit percentage. The increase in the gross profit percentage was driven by several factors, including the net benefit of price increases in our CAG Diagnostics recurring revenue portfolio, mix benefits from high growth in VetLab consumable revenues, volume leverage and productivity benefits in our U.S. reference laboratory services, and the favorable impact of lower product costs in our CAG and LPD businesses.margin. The impact from foreign currency movements ~~increased~~decreased gross profit margin by approximately 1020 basis points, including the impact of ~~hedge gains~~hedges. Our gross profit margin reflected mix benefits from strong IDEXX VetLab consumable and Water revenue growth and lower CAG Diagnostics instrument revenue, lower product costs from volume leverage in our LPD business, as well as the ~~current year,~~net benefit of price increases. These favorable factors were offset by the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our reference laboratory volumes in late March of 2020, as ~~compared to hedge losses~~well as incremental investments in reference laboratory capacity and the ~~prior year.~~Marshfield laboratory acquisition.

Operating Expenses. ~~The increase in sales~~Sales and marketing expense ~~was~~increased approximately 10.5%, excluding the impact of foreign currency, primarily due to increased personnel-related costs ~~from~~related to our expanded global commercial infrastructure. ~~The decrease in general~~General and administrative expense ~~was~~increased approximately 7.6%, excluding the impact of foreign currency, primarily due to ~~lower corporate function~~increases in bad debt reserves and facilities costs, ~~including certain information technology projects that will occur later in~~partially offset by the ~~year.~~benefits of cost control initiatives across our business segments. Research and development expense increased 5.7% excluding the impact of foreign currency, primarily due to higher ~~project and~~ personnel-related costs. The ~~changes~~overall change in currency exchange rates ~~decreased total~~resulted in a decrease in operating expenses ~~within our segments, which was offset~~ by ~~foreign exchange losses on settlements of foreign currency denominated transactions recorded within Unallocated Amounts, resulting in approximately a 2% decrease to our overall operating expenses.~~less than 1%.

~~Companion Animal Group~~

Companion Animal Group

The following table presents revenue by product and service category for CAG:

໿


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,															For the Three Months Ended March 31,
Net Revenue (dollars in thousands)	2019		2018		Dollar Change			Reported Revenue Growth⁽¹⁾		Percentage Change from Currency		Percentage Change from Acquisitions		Organic Revenue Growth⁽¹⁾		2020		2019		Dollar Change			Reported Revenue Growth ⁽¹⁾		Percentage Change from Currency		Percentage Change from Acquisitions		Organic Revenue Growth ⁽¹⁾

CAG Diagnostics recurring revenue:	$	443,791	$	406,048	$	37,743		9.3	%	(2.6	%)	—		11.9	%	$	487,925	$	443,791	$	44,134		9.9	%	(0.9	%)	0.9	%	10.0	%
IDEXX VetLab consumables	167,211		149,513		17,698			11.8	%	(3.1	%)	—		15.0	%	188,713		167,211		21,502			12.9	%	(1.3	%)	—		14.1	%
Rapid assay products	54,431		52,017		2,414			4.6	%	(1.4	%)	—		6.1	%	57,430		54,431		2,999			5.5	%	(0.5	%)	—		6.1	%
Reference laboratory diagnostic and consulting services	202,658		186,937		15,721			8.4	%	(2.4	%)	—		10.8	%	220,261		202,658		17,603			8.7	%	(0.7	%)	1.9	%	7.5	%
CAG diagnostics services and accessories	19,491		17,581		1,910			10.9	%	(3.7	%)	—		14.6	%	21,521		19,491		2,030			10.4	%	(1.2	%)	—		11.6	%
CAG Diagnostics capital - instruments	28,749		30,895		(2,146		)	(6.9	%)	(3.5	%)	—		(3.4	%)	23,833		28,749		(4,916		)	(17.1	%)	(1.3	%)	—		(15.8	%)
Veterinary software, services and diagnostic imaging systems	36,378		33,890		2,488			7.3	%	(0.6	%)	2.2	%	5.8	%	40,238		36,378		3,860			10.6	%	(0.2	%)	—		10.8	%
Net CAG revenue	$	508,918	$	470,833	$	38,085		8.1	%	(2.5	%)	0.2	%	10.5	%	$	551,996	$	508,918	$	43,078		8.5	%	(0.9	%)	0.8	%	8.6	%


(1)	Reported revenue growth and organic revenue growth may not recalculate due to rounding

CAG Diagnostics Recurring Revenue. The increase in CAG Diagnostics recurring revenue was primarily due to increased volumes in IDEXX VetLab consumables and reference laboratory diagnostic services, and to a lesser extent, higher realized prices. In mid-March of 2020, our CAG Diagnostic Recurring revenues began to be negatively impacted by the COVID-19 social distancing procedures and guidelines, which constrained overall growth as described above in "Effects of Certain Factors and Trends on Results of Operations - COVID-19 Update". Unlike our Water and LPD businesses, we did not see a positive impact of customers accelerating orders in the first quarter related to the COVID-19 pandemic in our CAG business.

The increase in IDEXX VetLabconsumables revenue ~~growth~~ was primarily due to higher sales volumes across all regions for our Catalyst consumables, ~~including SDMA consumables,~~ and to a lesser extent, Procyte Dx^® ~~consumables and Sedivue Dx~~^®~~analyzer pay-per-run sales.~~ consumables. These increases were supported by an expansion of our instrument installed base, growth in testing by new and existing customers, our expanded menu of available tests, and to a lesser extent, benefits from higher average unit sales ~~prices, and customer stocking in the U.K ahead of the planned exit from the European Union.~~prices.

The increase in rapid assay revenue resulted primarily from higher sales volumes ~~of canine~~across our SNAP^® product portfolio, driven by SNAP 4Dx Plus, and to a lesser extent, higher realized prices.

The increase in reference laboratory diagnostic and consulting services revenue was primarily due to the impact of higher testing volumes ~~throughout our worldwide network of laboratories, most prominently~~ in the U.S., resulting from increased testing from new and existing customers, supported by our differentiated diagnostic technologies ~~such as IDEXX SDMA~~^™and ~~fecal antigen testing. The increase was also the result of~~to a lesser extent, higher average unit sales prices.

The increase in CAG Diagnostics services and accessories revenue ~~growth~~ was primarily a result of the increase in our active installed base of instruments.

CAG Diagnostics Capital – Instruments Revenue. The decrease in instrument revenue ~~reflects slightly lower overall~~was primarily due to the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, including certain customers deferring instrument orders and placements, as well as the ~~impact~~impacts of product mix, including lower SediVue Dx ~~analyzer~~ placements compared to high prior year ~~levels, partially offset by higher Procyte Dx analyzer placements, and higher Catalyst analyzer placements.~~levels.

Veterinary Software, Services and Diagnostic Imaging Systems Revenue.The increase in revenue was primarily due to increased veterinary software ~~subscription,~~ and hardware upgrades, subscription-based services, as well as higher ~~realized prices on these service offerings, and to a lesser extent, higher~~ diagnostic imaging

services as a result of the increase in our active installed ~~base.~~base, and to a lesser extent, higher realized prices on these service offerings. These ~~increases~~factors were partially offset by ~~lower~~a moderate impact related to the COVID-19 pandemic, including certain customers deferring diagnostic imaging ~~system placements compared~~and practice management orders and installations, which began to ~~high prior year levels. Our acquisition~~occur in mid-March of ~~a software company in the second half of 2018 contributed 2.2% to reported revenue growth.~~2020.

The following table presents the CAG segment results of operations:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,								Change				For the Three Months Ended March 31,								Change
Results of Operations (dollars in thousands)	2019		Percent of Revenue		2018		Percent of Revenue		Amount		Percentage		2020		Percent of Revenue		2019		Percent of Revenue		Amount		Percentage

Revenues	$	508,918			$	470,833			$	38,085	8.1	%	$	551,996			$	508,918			$	43,078	8.5	%
Cost of revenues	221,430				208,900				12,530		6.0	%
Cost of revenue													242,653				221,248				21,405		9.7	%
Gross profit	287,488		56.5	%	261,933		55.6	%	25,555		9.8	%	309,343		56.0	%	287,670		56.5	%	21,673		7.5	%

Operating Expenses:
Sales and marketing	96,819		19.0	%	89,106		18.9	%	7,713		8.7	%	106,002		19.2	%	96,948		19.0	%	9,054		9.3	%
General and administrative	52,311		10.3	%	51,135		10.9	%	1,176		2.3	%	55,603		10.1	%	52,109		10.2	%	3,494		6.7	%
Research and development	23,336		4.6	%	21,294		4.5	%	2,042		9.6	%	29,079		5.3	%	26,894		5.3	%	2,185		8.1	%
Total operating expenses	172,466		33.9	%	161,535		34.3	%	10,931		6.8	%	190,684		34.5	%	175,951		34.6	%	14,733		8.4	%
Income from operations	$	115,022	22.6	%	$	100,398	21.3	%	$	14,624	14.6	%	$	118,659	21.5	%	$	111,719	22.0	%	$	6,940	6.2	%

Gross Profit. Gross profit increased primarily due to higher sales volume, ~~as well as~~moderated by a 9050 basis point ~~increase~~decrease in the gross profit ~~percentage.~~margin. The ~~increase~~impact from foreign currency movements decreased gross profit margin by approximately 10 basis points, including the impact of hedges. The remaining decrease in gross profit ~~percentage~~margin was driven by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our reference laboratory volumes beginning in mid-March of 2020, as well as incremental investments in reference laboratory capacity and the Marshfield laboratory acquisition. These impacts were partially offset by mix benefits from higher growth in IDEXX VetLab consumable revenues and lower growth in instrument revenues, as well as lower product costs and the net benefit of price increases in our CAG Diagnostics recurring revenue portfolio, mix benefits from high growth in VetLab consumable revenues, scale and productivity gains in U.S. reference laboratory services, and the favorable impact of lower product costs. The impact from foreign currency movements had an immaterial impact on gross profit margin.portfolio.

Operating Expenses. The increase in sales and marketing expense was primarily due to increased personnel-related costs related to our ~~expanded~~ global commercial infrastructure. The increase in general and administrative expense ~~was the result of~~resulted primarily from higher personnel-related ~~costs.~~costs, facility costs, and bad debt reserves. The increase in research and development expense was primarily due to ~~higher project~~increased personnel-related costs and ~~increased personnel-related~~higher project costs. The overall change in currency exchange rates ~~decreased~~resulted in a decrease in operating expenses byof approximately 3%1%.

Water

The following table presents the Water segment results of operations:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,								Change					For the Three Months Ended March 31,								Change
Results of Operations (dollars in thousands)	2019		Percent of Revenue		2018		Percent of Revenue		Amount			Percentage		2020		Percent of Revenue		2019		Percent of Revenue		Amount			Percentage

Revenues	$	30,310			$	29,143			$	1,167		4.0	%	$	34,149			$	30,310			$	3,839		12.7	%
Cost of revenue	8,171				8,781				(610		)	(6.9	%)	9,400				8,163				1,237			15.2	%
Gross profit	22,139		73.0	%	20,362		69.9	%	1,777			8.7	%	24,749		72.5	%	22,147		73.1	%	2,602			11.7	%

Operating Expenses:
Sales and marketing	3,995		13.2	%	4,065		13.9	%	(70		)	(1.7	%)	4,374		12.8	%	4,001		13.2	%	373			9.3	%
General and administrative	3,314		10.9	%	3,188		10.9	%	126			4.0	%	3,496		10.2	%	3,274		10.8	%	222			6.8	%
Research and development	1,048		3.5	%	647		2.2	%	401			62.0	%	997		2.9	%	1,057		3.5	%	(60		)	(5.7	)%
Total operating expenses	8,357		27.6	%	7,900		27.1	%	457			5.8	%	8,867		26.0	%	8,332		27.5	%	535			6.4	%
Income from operations	$	13,782	45.5	%	$	12,462	42.8	%	$	1,320		10.6	%	$	15,882	46.5	%	$	13,815	45.6	%	$	2,067		15.0	%

Revenue. The increase in revenue was ~~primarily~~ attributable to ~~the benefit of price increases and~~ higher sales volumes of our Colilert test products and related accessories used in coliform and E. coli testing, including ~~strong volume growth rates~~the positive impact of accelerated customer stocking orders in ~~our Latin~~North America and ~~Asia Pacific regions,~~Europe in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as ~~customer stocking in~~ the ~~U.K ahead~~benefit of ~~the planned exit from the European Union.~~price increases. The impact of currency movements decreased revenue by approximately ~~4.0%~~2.8%.

Gross Profit.Gross profit increased due to higher sales volumes, ~~as well as~~moderated by a ~~310~~60 basis point ~~increase~~decrease in the gross profit ~~percentage.~~margin, due primarily to foreign currency movements, including the impact of hedges. Our gross profit margin reflected the net benefits of price increases and product mix, which were offset by higher product and distribution costs.

Operating Expenses. The increase in ~~the gross profit percentage~~sales and marketing expense was primarily due to ~~the decreases in manufacturing costs and net benefit of price increases, partially offset by higher distribution~~increased personnel-related costs. The ~~impact from foreign currency movements~~ increased ~~our gross profit percentage by approximately 90 basis points, including the impact of hedge gains~~ in ~~the current year, as compared~~general and administrative expense was primarily due to ~~hedge losses in the prior year.~~

~~Operating Expenses~~.higher bad debt reserves. The decrease ~~in sales and marketing expenses and increase~~ in research and development ~~expenses~~expense was primarily due to ~~the realignment of certain personnel within operating expense categories. General and administrative expenses increased primarily due to~~lower personnel-related costs. The overall change in currency exchange rates resulted in a decrease in operating expenses of approximately 3%2.5%.

Livestock, Poultry and Dairy

The following table presents the LPD segment results of operations:


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,								Change					For the Three Months Ended March 31,								Change
Results of Operations (dollars in thousands)	2019		Percent of Revenue		2018		Percent of Revenue		Amount			Percentage		2020		Percent of Revenue		2019		Percent of Revenue		Amount			Percentage

Revenues	$	31,506			$	32,240			$	(734	)	(2.3	%)	$	34,154			$	31,506			$	2,648		8.4	%
Cost of revenue	12,467				14,593				(2,126		)	(14.6	%)	11,842				12,457				(615		)	(4.9	%)
Gross profit	19,039		60.4	%	17,647		54.7	%	1,392			7.9	%	22,312		65.3	%	19,049		60.5	%	3,263			17.1	%

Operating Expenses:
Sales and marketing	5,281		16.8	%	6,614		20.5	%	(1,333		)	(20.2	%)	5,382		15.8	%	5,288		16.8	%	94			1.8	%
General and administrative	4,465		14.2	%	4,910		15.2	%	(445		)	(9.1	%)	4,489		13.1	%	4,418		14.0	%	71			1.6	%
Research and development	3,043		9.7	%	3,162		9.8	%	(119		)	(3.8	%)	2,778		8.1	%	3,054		9.7	%	(276		)	(9.0	)%
Total operating expenses	12,789		40.6	%	14,686		45.6	%	(1,897		)	(12.9	%)	12,649		37.0	%	12,760		40.5	%	(111		)	(0.9	%)
Income from operations	$	6,250	19.8	%	$	2,961	9.2	%	$	3,289		111.1	%	$	9,663	28.3	%	$	6,289	20.0	%	$	3,374		53.6	%

Revenue. The ~~decrease~~increase in revenue was primarily due to the ~~unfavorable~~positive impact of ~~foreign currency movements that decreased revenue by approximately 6.3%,~~accelerated customer stocking orders related to the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as ~~a decline~~continued demand for new diagnostic programs in ~~European bovine testing programs, lower diagnostic testing~~China related to African swine fever ~~outbreaks in China,~~ and ~~lower dairy sales impacted by low milk prices.~~increased poultry testing. These ~~decreases~~favorable factors were ~~partially~~ offset by ~~increased~~decreased herd health screening, ~~poultry testing volumes in our Asia Pacific region, and higher pregnancy testing in our European and Asia Pacific regions.~~which reflects comparisons to a strong prior year. The impact of currency decreased revenue by approximately 3.6%.

Gross Profit.The increase in gross profit was primarily due to higher ~~herd health screening~~sales volumes and a ~~5.7%~~480 basis point increase in the gross profit ~~percentage.~~margin. The increase in the gross profit ~~percentage increase was~~margin is primarily due to ~~lower product manufacturing costs and~~ favorable product ~~mix.~~costs from volume leverage. The impact from foreign currency movements ~~increased~~decreased gross profit margin by approximately ~~130~~80 basis points, including the impact of ~~hedge gains in the current year, as compared to hedge losses in the prior year.~~hedges.

Operating Expenses. The ~~decreases~~increase in ~~operating expenses were~~sales and marketing expense was primarily due to higher personnel-related costs, partially offset by cost control initiatives. The increase in general and administrative expense was primarily due to higher bad debt reserves, partially offset by cost control initiatives. The decrease in research and development expense was due to lower personnel-related costs ~~primarily due to open positions.~~and lower project costs. The overall change in currency exchange rates resulted in a decrease in operating expenses of approximately 4%2%.

Other

The following table presents the Other results of operations:

໿


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,								Change					For the Three Months Ended March 31,								Change
Results of Operations (dollars in thousands)	2019		Percent of Revenue		2018		Percent of Revenue		Amount			Percentage		2020		Percent of Revenue		2019		Percent of Revenue		Amount			Percentage

Revenues	$	5,322			$	5,440			$	(118	)	(2.2	%)	$	6,037			$	5,322			$	715		13.4	%
Cost of revenue	2,595				3,366				(771		)	(22.9	%)	2,851				2,591				260			10.0	%
Gross profit	2,727		51.2	%	2,074		38.1	%	653			31.5	%	3,186		52.8	%	2,731		51.3	%	455			16.7	%

Operating Expenses:
Sales and marketing	347		6.5	%	520		9.6	%	(173		)	(33.3	%)	385		6.4	%	347		6.5	%	38			11.0	%
General and administrative	345		6.5	%	804		14.8	%	(459		)	(57.1	%)	2,224		36.8	%	560		10.5	%	1,664			297.1	%
Research and development	509		9.6	%	252		4.6	%	257			102.0	%	456		7.6	%	509		9.6	%	(53		)	(10.4	%)
Total operating expenses	1,201		22.6	%	1,576		29.0	%	(375		)	(23.8	%)	3,065		50.8	%	1,416		26.6	%	1,649			116.5	%
Income from operations	$	1,526	28.7	%	$	498	9.2	%	$	1,028		206.4	%	$	121	2.0	%	$	1,315	24.7	%	$	(1,194	)	(90.8	%)

Revenue.The ~~decrease~~increase in revenue was due to ~~lower~~higher volumes of our OPTI Medical analyzers and related consumables, mostly offset by higher royalties associated with intellectual property related to our former pharmaceutical product line, and to a lesser extent higher realized prices on our OPTI Medical products ~~and services.~~as compared to reduced levels in the first quarter of the prior year, as well as higher OPTI Medical realized prices. The impact of currency movements on revenue was immaterial.

Gross Profit. The increase in gross profit was due to higher sales volumes and a ~~13.1%~~150 basis point increase in the gross profit ~~percentage~~margin primarily due to ~~favorable product mix from higher royalties, as well as~~the net benefits of price increases onwithin our OPTI Medical ~~products~~product line and, ~~services and lower manufacturing costs,~~to a lesser extent, mix benefits within OPTI Medical product sales, partially offset by higher ~~service and distribution expense.~~OPTI Medical product costs. The overall change in currency exchange rates had an immaterial impact on the gross profit ~~percentage.~~margin.

Operating Expenses. The ~~decrease~~increase in sales and marketing expense was primarily due to lower personnel-related costs. The decrease in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to the recovery of previously established bad debt reserves in Africa and the Middle East. The increase in research and development costs was primarily due to higher ~~personnel-related~~personnel costs in our OPTI Medical business. The increase in general and ~~project costs.~~

~~Unallocated Amounts~~

~~The following table presents the Unallocated Amounts results of operations:~~

For the Three Months Ended March 31, Change
Results of Operations
(dollars in thousands)
2019 2018 Amount Percentage

Revenues $ —
$ —
$ —
—
Cost of revenue (204 ) (1,083 ) 879
(81.2 %)
Gross profit 204
1,083
(879 ) (81.2 %)

Operating Expenses:
Sales and marketing 142
(204 ) 346
(169.6 %)
General and administrative (74 ) 894
(968 ) (108.3 %)
Research and development 3,578
3,668
(90 ) (2.5 %)
Total operating expenses 3,646
4,358
(712 ) (16.3 %)
Loss from operations $ (3,442 ) $ (3,275 ) $ (167 ) 5.1 %

~~Unallocated Amounts. The change in unallocated amounts~~administrative cost was primarily due to higher foreign exchange losses on settlements of foreign currency denominated transactions ~~compared~~for all operating segments, which are reported within our Other segment. General and administrative expense decreased approximately 5.9%, excluding the impact of foreign currency. The decrease in research and development cost was primarily due to ~~gains~~lower personnel-related and project costs in our OPTI Medical business. Total operating expense decreased approximately 2.9%, excluding the prior period, as well as higher unallocated employee benefit and incentive costs. These impacts were offset by lower unallocated corporate function costs, including certain information technology projects that will occur later in the year.impact of foreign currency.

Non-Operating Items

Interest ~~Income~~Expense. Interest ~~income~~expense was ~~$0.04~~$7.7 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2018. The decrease in interest income was primarily due to the liquidation of our portfolio of marketable securities during the first quarter of 2018.

~~Interest Expense. Interest expense was~~ $8.4 ~~million for the three months ended March 31, 2019, as compared to $9.3~~ million for the same period in the prior year. The decrease in interest expense was the result of lower average debt levels, offset by higher interest rates. We also realized lower interest expense from the benefit of our cross currency swaps, as well as increased capitalized interest related to the expansion of our Westbrook, Maine headquarters and relocation of our core reference laboratory in Germany.

Provision for Income Taxes.Our effective income tax rate was 18.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2020, as compared to 17.7% for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, as compared to 14.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2018.~~2019. The increase in our effective tax rate was primarily ~~related~~driven by regional earnings mix, with relatively lower statutory earnings subject to lower international tax rates than domestic tax rates, partially offset by higher tax benefits from share-based ~~compensation, partially offset~~compensation.

We continue to monitor various governmental programs intended to assist companies and their employees during the COVID 19 pandemic. This includes the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, a substantial tax-and-spending package enacted by ~~a nonrecurring item recorded~~the U.S. Congress on March 27, 2020, intended to provide additional economic stimulus to address the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. We will consider participation in any programs should we become eligible; however, at this time we are unable to determine our eligibility, and the ~~three months ended March 31, 2018, that resulted from the 2017 Tax Cut and Jobs Act.~~tax impacts of any such legislation are uncertain.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

~~Liquidity~~

We fund the capital needs of our business through cash on hand, funds generated from operations, proceeds from long-term senior note financings, and amounts available under our Credit Facility. At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, we had ~~$116.6~~$81.4 million of cash and cash equivalents, as compared to ~~$123.8~~$90.3 million on December 31, ~~2018.~~2019. Working capital, including our Credit Facility, totaled ~~$8.0~~negative $124.9 million at March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to negative ~~$116.3~~$45.7 million at December 31, ~~2018.~~2019. Additionally, at March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, we had remaining borrowing availability of ~~$501.7~~$361.8 million under our $850 million Credit Facility. In April 2020, we further enhanced our liquidity and financial flexibility by issuing $200 million in 10-year, 2.50% fixed-rate senior notes and securing an expanded $1 billion Credit Facility extended through 2023. We believe that, if necessary, we could obtain additional ~~borrowings at similar rates to our existing~~ borrowings to fund our growth objectives. We further believe that current cash and cash equivalents, funds generated from operations, and committed borrowing availability will be sufficient to fund our operations, capital purchase requirements, and anticipated growth needs for the next twelve months. We believe that these resources, coupled with our ability, as needed, to obtain additional financing, ~~on favorable terms~~ will also be sufficient to fund our business as currently conducted for the foreseeable future. We may enter into new financing arrangements or refinance or retire existing debt in the future depending on market conditions. Should we require more capital in the U.S. than is generated by our operations, for example to fund significant discretionary activities, we could elect to raise capital in the U.S. through the incurrence of debt or equity ~~issuances. These~~issuances, which we may not be able to complete on favorable terms or at all. In addition, these alternatives could result in increased interest expense or other dilution of our earnings. For more information and factors regarding the potential impact that the COVID-19 pandemic may have on our liquidity, and steps we have taken to manage cash flow, see Effects of Certain Factors and Trends on Results of Operations - COVID-19 Update, Operating Cost and Cash Management, above.

We manage our worldwide cash requirements considering available funds among all of our subsidiaries. Our foreign cash and marketable securities are generally available without restrictions to fund ordinary business operations outside the U.S.

The following table presents cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities held domestically and by our foreign ~~subsidiaries at March 31, 2019, and December 31, 2018:~~subsidiaries:໿


Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities (dollars in thousands)	March 31, 2019			December 31, 2018			March 31, 2020			December 31, 2019

U.S.	$	2,632		$	2,044		$	1,355		$	1,135
Foreign	113,984			121,750			80,040			89,191
Total	$	116,616		$	123,794		$	81,395		$	90,326

Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities held in U.S. dollars by our foreign subsidiaries	$	3,785		$	11,119		$	4,701		$	6,469

Percentage of total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities held in U.S. dollars by our foreign subsidiaries	3.2		%	9.0		%	5.8		%	7.2		%

Of the ~~$116.6~~$81.4 million of cash and cash equivalents held as of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, greater than 99% was held as bank deposits.

The following table presents additional key information concerning working capital:

໿


	For the Three Months Ended					For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2019	December 31, 2018	September 30, 2018	June 30, 2018	March 31, 2018	March 31, 2020	December 31, 2019	September 30, 2019	June 30, 2019	March 31, 2019

Days sales outstanding⁽¹⁾	42.0	42.6	44.3	41.2	42.0	41.5	40.5	41.8	41.7	42.0
Inventory turns⁽²⁾	2.0	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.0	1.9	2.2	2.0	2.1	2.0


(1)	Days sales outstanding represents the average of the accounts receivable balances at the beginning and end of each quarter divided by revenue for that quarter, the result of which is then multiplied by 91.25 days.


(2)	Inventory turns represent inventory-related cost of product revenue for the 12 months preceding each quarter-end divided by the average inventory ~~balance~~balances at the beginning and end of ~~the~~each quarter.

Sources and Uses of Cash

The following table presents cash provided (used):

໿


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,									For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2019			2018			Dollar Change
(in thousands)										2020			2019			Dollar Change

Net cash provided by operating activities	$	34,378		$	34,898		$	(520	)	$	27,871		$	34,378		$	(6,507	)
Net cash (used) provided by investing activities	(38,206		)	260,312			(298,518		)
Net cash used by financing activities	(2,781		)	(324,991		)	322,210
Net cash used by investing activities										(49,670		)	(38,206		)	(11,464		)
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities										16,901			(2,781		)	19,682
Net effect of changes in exchange rates on cash	(569		)	1,335			(1,904		)	(4,033		)	(569		)	(3,464		)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	$	(7,178	)	$	(28,446	)	$	21,268		$	(8,931	)	$	(7,178	)	$	(1,753	)

Operating Activities.The decrease in cash provided by operating activities of ~~$0.5~~$6.5 million was driven primarily by ~~the~~ changes in ~~our operating~~other assets and liabilities, partially offset by ~~the~~an increase in net income. The following table presents cash flows from changes in operating assets and liabilities:

໿


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,									For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2019			2018			Dollar Change
(in thousands)										2020			2019			Dollar Change

Accounts receivable	$	(33,421	)	$	(21,800	)	$	(11,621	)	$	(38,062	)	$	(33,421	)	$	(4,641	)
Inventories	(14,521		)	(8,070		)	(6,451		)	(14,434		)	(14,521		)	87
Accounts payable	699			(1,939		)	2,638			(1,755		)	699			(2,454		)
Deferred revenue	(3,098		)	(1,327		)	(1,771		)	(2,410		)	(3,098		)	688
Other assets and liabilities	(49,601		)	(52,302		)	2,701			(64,881		)	(49,601		)	(15,280		)
Total change in cash due to changes in operating assets and liabilities	$	(99,942	)	$	(85,438	)	$	(14,504	)	$	(121,542	)	$	(99,942	)	$	(21,600	)

Cash used due to changes in operating assets and liabilities during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to the same period in the prior year, increased approximately ~~$14.5~~$21.6 million and was primarily due to ~~the impact of our~~higher employee incentive payments related to 2019 performance, as compared to 2018, as well as higher cash ~~used for the~~income taxes paid and an increase in accounts receivable ~~as a result of~~from customers related to revenue growth and slight increase in days sales outstanding.

In response to the COVID-19 crisis, we have offered our independently-owned small business veterinary customers an additional 30 days to pay certain amounts due. We expect this offer for extended payment terms may increase cash used by ~~increases in inventory driven by timing of inventory receipts.~~accounts receivable due to longer overall days sales outstanding.

We have historically experienced proportionally lower net cash flows from operating activities during the first quarter and proportionally higher cash flows from operating activities for the remainder of the year driven primarily by payments related to annual employee incentive programs in the first quarter following the year for which the bonuses were ~~earned and the seasonality of vector-borne disease testing, which has historically resulted in significant increases in accounts receivable balances during the first quarter of the year.~~earned.

Investing Activities.Cash used by investing activities was ~~$38.2~~$49.7 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to ~~cash provided by investing activities of $260.3~~$38.2 million for the same period in the prior ~~year. This change in investing cash activity was~~year and is primarily due to ~~the sale of marketable securities in 2018, as a result of our repatriation of cash and investments held by our foreign subsidiaries, as well as~~ increased capital spending ~~as we expand~~related to the purchase of one of our ~~Westbrook, Maine headquarters and relocate our core~~ reference laboratory ~~in Germany.~~ facilities that was previously leased.

Financing Activities.Cash ~~used~~provided by financing activities was ~~$2.8~~$16.9 million for the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to cash used by financing activities of ~~$325.0~~$2.8 million for the same period in the prior year. The ~~decrease~~increase in cash ~~used~~provided by financing activities was due to ~~a larger repayment on~~an increase in the amount borrowed from our ~~revolving~~ Credit Facility, ~~in 2018 from repatriated foreign cash,~~partially offset by an ~~issuance of $100 million senior notes during the first quarter of 2019, and a decrease~~increase in repurchases of our common stock in the current ~~period as compared to the same period~~year, and a senior note borrowing in the prior year.

Cash used to repurchase shares of our common stock ~~decreased $29.2~~increased $128.5 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019, as compared to the same period in the prior year.~~2020. We believe that the repurchase of our common stock is a favorable means of returning value to our stockholders, and we also repurchase our stock to offset the dilutive effect of our share-based compensation programs. Repurchases of our common stock may vary depending upon the level of other investing

activities and the share price. In light of the uncertainty of the duration and magnitude of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts, we have suspended share repurchase activity. See Note 1012 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I,I. Item 11. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information about our share repurchases.

Net borrowing ~~and repayment~~ activity under our Credit Facility resulted in cash ~~used~~provided of ~~$52.0~~$198.1 million during the three months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, as compared to ~~$247.5~~$52.0 million of cash used in the same period of the prior year. At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, we had ~~$347.0~~$486.8 million outstanding under the Credit Facility. The general availability of funds under our Credit Facility was further reduced by ~~$1.3~~$1.4 million for a letter of credit that was issued in connection with claims under our workers’ compensation policy. The Credit Facility contains affirmative, negative, and financial covenants customary for financings of this type. The negative covenants include restrictions on liens, indebtedness of subsidiaries of the Company, fundamental changes, investments, transactions with affiliates, certain restrictive agreements and violations of laws and regulations. The obligations under our Credit Facility may be accelerated upon the occurrence of an event of default under the Credit Facility, which includes customary events of default including payment defaults, defaults in the performance of the affirmative, negative and financial covenants, the inaccuracy of representations or warranties, bankruptcy and insolvency related defaults, defaults relating to judgments, certain events related to employee pension benefit plans under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 ("ERISA"), the failure to pay specified indebtedness, cross-acceleration to specified indebtedness and a change of control default.

~~On March 14, 2019, we amended~~See Note 11 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I. Item 1. of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information about our ~~Existing Agreement with MetLife, submitted a request for purchase~~debt issuance and drew $100 million of our Shelf Notes at 4.19% interest per annum rate, due March 14, 2029 (the "Series C Notes"). Series C Notes proceeds were used for general corporate purposes, including a partial repayment of our Credit Facility.

Since December 2013, we have issued and sold through private placements senior notes having an aggregate principal amount of approximately $700 million, including the $100 million Series C Notes, pursuant to certain note purchase agreements (collectively, the “Senior Note Agreements”). The ~~Senior Note Agreements contain~~Credit Agreement contains affirmative, negative, and financial covenants customary for ~~agreements~~financings of this type. The negative covenants include restrictions on liens, indebtedness of ~~our~~ subsidiaries ~~priority indebtedness,~~of the Company, fundamental changes, investments, transactions with affiliates, certain restrictive agreements and ~~violations of~~sanctions laws and regulations. The financial covenant is a consolidated leverage ratio test.

Should we elect to prepay the senior notes, such aggregate prepayment will include the applicable make-whole amount(s), as defined within the applicable Senior Note Agreements. Additionally, in the event of a change in control of the Company or upon the disposition of certain assets of the Company the proceeds of which are not reinvested (as defined in the Senior Note Agreements), we may be required to prepay all or a portion of the senior notes. The obligations under the senior notes may be accelerated upon the occurrence of an event of default under the applicable Senior Note Agreements, each of which includes customary events of default including payment defaults, defaults in the performance of the affirmative, negative and financial covenants, the inaccuracy of representations or warranties, bankruptcy and insolvency related defaults, defaults relating to judgments, certain events related to employee pension benefit plans under ~~the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974,~~ERISA, the failure to pay specified indebtedness and cross-acceleration to specified indebtedness.

Effect of Currency Translation on Cash. The net effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates are related to changes in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and the functional currencies of our foreign subsidiaries. These changes will fluctuate for each period presented as the value of the U.S. dollar relative to the value of the foreign currencies changes. A currency’s value depends on many factors, including interest rates and the country’s debt levels and strength of economy.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements. We have no off-balance sheet arrangements or variable interest entities, except for letters of credit and third-party guarantees.

Financial Covenant. The sole financial covenant of our Credit Facility and Senior Note Agreements is a consolidated leverage ratio test that requires our ratio of debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, non-recurring transaction expenses incurred in connection with acquisitions, share-based compensation expense, and certain other non-cash losses and charges (“Adjusted EBITDA”) not to exceed 3.5-to-1. At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, we were in compliance with such covenant. The following details our consolidated leverage ratio ~~calculation as of March 31, 2019:~~calculation:

໿


	Twelve months ended
(in thousands)				Twelve months ended
Trailing 12 Months Adjusted EBITDA:	March 31, 2019			March 31, 2020

Net income attributable to stockholders (as reported)	$	390,261		$	436,866
Interest expense	33,856			30,361
Provision for income taxes	87,905			97,260
Depreciation and amortization	83,729			89,860
Acquisition-related expense				1,403
Share-based compensation expense	25,531			40,228
Extraordinary and other non-recurring non-cash charges	2,629			968
Adjusted EBITDA	$	623,911		$	696,946


(in thousands)
Debt to Adjusted EBITDA Ratio:	March 31, 2019			March 31, 2020

Line of credit	$	346,998		$	486,824
Long-term debt	699,334			697,363
Total debt	1,046,332			1,184,187
Acquisition-related contingent consideration payable	4,507			3,000
Financing leases	220			84
Deferred financing costs	497			682
Gross debt	1,051,556			1,187,953
Gross debt to Adjusted EBITDA ratio	1.69			1.70

Less: Cash and cash equivalents	(116,616		)	(81,395		)
Net debt	$	934,940		$	1,106,558
Net debt to Adjusted EBITDA ratio	1.50			1.59



	Consolidated Balance Sheet

	Previous U.S. GAAP December 31, 2018 (Reported)		New U.S. GAAP January 1, 2019		Impact of the New Leasing Standard

ASSETS
Other current assets	$	108,220	$	107,228	$	(992	)
Total current assets	$	654,172	$	653,180	$	(992	)
Operating lease right-of-use asset	$	—	$	83,707	$	83,707
Total long-term assets	$	883,177	$	966,884	$	83,707
TOTAL ASSETS	$	1,537,349	$	1,620,064	$	82,715

LIABILITIES
Accrued liabilities	$	260,683	$	274,459	$	13,776
Total current liabilities	$	770,444	$	784,220	$	13,776
Long-term operating lease liability	$	—	$	68,939	$	68,939
Total long-term liabilities	$	776,138	$	845,077	$	68,939
TOTAL LIABILITIES	$	1,546,582	$	1,629,297	$	82,715



	March 31, 2019

2019 (remainder of year)	$	12,308
2020	17,414
2021	14,821
2022	11,175
2023	7,705
Thereafter	37,722
Total lease payments	101,145
Less imputed interest	(18,258		)
Total	$	82,887

Current operating lease liabilities, included in accrued liabilities	$	13,932
Long-term operating lease liabilities	$	68,955

Weighted average remaining lease term - operating leases	10.9 years

Weighted average discount rate - operating leases	3.7		%



	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating leases liabilities	$	5,728
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations	$	2,196



	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018

Prepaid expenses (Note 2)	$	31,593	$	30,314
Taxes receivable	13,813		14,098
Customer acquisition costs	35,495		34,515
Contract assets	11,669		9,670
Deferred sales commissions	4,664		4,464
Other assets	13,169		15,159
Other current assets	$	110,403	$	108,220



	March 31, 2019		December 31, 2018

Accrued expenses (Note 2)	$	58,589	$	65,212
Accrued employee compensation and related expenses	60,351		109,488
Accrued taxes	36,326		26,609
Accrued customer incentives and refund obligations	59,929		59,374
Current lease liabilities (Notes 2 and 6)	13,932		—
Accrued liabilities	$	229,127	$	260,683



For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2019	Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Investments, Net of Tax			Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments, Net of Tax			Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Net Investment Hedge, Net of Tax			Cumulative Translation Adjustment			Total

Balance as of December 31, 2018	$	(157	)	$	7,589		$	(394	)	$	(48,829	)	$	(41,791	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	407			2,474			1,480			(1,423		)	2,938
Gains reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	—			(1,162		)	—			—			(1,162		)
Balance as of March 31, 2019	$	250		$	8,901		$	1,086		$	(50,252	)	$	(40,015	)



For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2018	Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Investments, Net of Tax			Unrealized (Loss) Gain on Derivative Instruments, Net of Tax			Unrealized Loss on Net Investment Hedge, Net of Tax			Cumulative Translation Adjustment			Total

Balance as of December 31, 2017	$	(22	)	$	(5,219	)	$	(4,311	)	$	(26,918	)	$	(36,470	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	118			(2,388		)	(2,216		)	5,165			679
Losses reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	—			1,585			—			—			1,585
Balance as of March 31, 2018	$	96		$	(6,022	)	$	(6,527	)	$	(21,753	)	$	(34,206	)



Details about AOCI Components	Affected Line Item in the Statements of Income	Amounts Reclassified from AOCI For the Three Months Ended March 31,
		2019		2018
Gain (loss) on derivative instruments classified as cash flow hedges included in net income:
Foreign currency exchange contracts	Cost of revenue	$	1,411	$	(1,835	)
	Tax expense (benefit)	249		(250		)
	Gain (loss), net of tax	$	1,162	$	(1,585	)



Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased (a)		Average Price Paid per Share (b)		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs ⁽¹⁾ (c)	Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs ⁽¹⁾ (d)

January 1 to January 31, 2019	130,229		$	192.88	129,223	3,083,631
February 1 to February 28, 2019	109,530		$	207.62	74,660	3,008,971
March 1 to March 31, 2019	63,533		$	210.99	63,533	2,945,438
Total	303,292	⁽²⁾	$	202.00	267,416	2,945,438



Exhibit No.	Description

10.1	~~Multicurrency Note Purchase~~Waiver to U.S. Supply Agreement, effective as of October 16, 2003, as amended, among IDEXX Operations, Inc., the Company and ~~Private Shelf Agreement,~~Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, Inc. dated as of December 19, 2014, among the Company, as issuer, and Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, White Mountains Advisors, LLC, as investment manager, and MetLife Investment Management, LLC, as sub-investment manager for Symetra Life Insurance Company, and MetLife Investment Management, LLC, as investment manager for each of MetLife Insurance K.K., AXIS Reinsurance Company, and Union Fidelity Life Insurance Company, as purchasers.April 7, 2020 (filed ~~as Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 15, 2019, File No. 000-19271, and incorporated herein by reference)~~herewith).

10.2	~~First~~Amendment to Senior Advisory Agreement, dated April 14, 2020, by and between the Company and Mr. Jonathan W. Ayers (filed herewith).

10.3	Second Amendment to Multicurrency Note Purchase and Private Shelf Agreement, dated March ~~14, 2019,~~23, 2020, among the Company, as issuer, each of the Subsidiary Guarantors (as defined therein), Metropolitan Life Insurance Company ~~('MetLife')~~ and each of the holders of the Notes (as defined therein) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 27, 2020, File No. 0-19271, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.4	Amended and Restated Multi-Currency Note Purchase and Private Shelf Agreement, dated as of June 18, 2015, among the Company, as issuer, Prudential Investment Management, Inc., Pruco Life Insurance Company, The Prudential Insurance Company of America (“Prudential”), The Gibraltar Life Insurance Co., Ltd., PAR U Hartford Life Insurance Comfort Trust, The Independent Order of Foresters, Zurich American Insurance Company, Globe Life and Accident Insurance Company, Family Heritage Life Insurance Company of America, MTL Insurance Company, The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company, William Penn Life Insurance Company of New York, Farmers Insurance Exchange, Mid Century Insurance Company and Farmers New World Life Insurance Company, as purchasers (filed as Exhibit No. 99.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 24, 2015, File No. 0-19271, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.5	Amendment to Amended and Restated Multi-Currency Note Purchase and Private Shelf Agreement, dated as of May 9, 2019, among the Company, as issuer, each of the Subsidiary Guarantors (as defined therein), Prudential and each of the holders of the Notes (as defined therein) (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed ~~March 15, 2019,~~April 16, 2020, File No. ~~000-19271,~~0-19271, and incorporated herein by reference).

~~31.1~~10.6	Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Multi-Currency Note Purchase and Private Shelf Agreement, dated as of April 10, 2020, among the Company, as issuer, each of the Subsidiary Guarantors (as defined therein), Prudential and each of the holders of the Notes (as defined therein) (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 16, 2020, File No. 0-19271, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.7	Amendment to Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 10, 2020, among the Company, as issuer, New York Life Insurance Company, New York Life Insurance and Annuity Corporation and New York Life Insurance and Annuity Corporation Institutionally Owned Life Insurance Separate Account (BOLI 30C), as purchasers (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 16, 2020, File No. 0-19271, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.8	Amendment to Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 10, 2020, among the Company, as issuer, New York Life Insurance Company, New York Life Insurance and Annuity Corporation and New York Life Insurance and Annuity Corporation Institutionally Owned Life Insurance Separate Account (BOLI 30C), as purchasers (filed as Exhibit 10.5 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 16, 2020, File No. 0-19271, and incorporated herein by reference).

10.9	Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 14, 2020, among the Company, IDEXX Distribution, Inc., IDEXX Operations, Inc., OPTI Medical Systems, Inc., IDEXX Laboratories Canada Corporation, IDEXX Europe B.V., and IDEXX Holding B.V., as borrowers, the lenders party thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Toronto Branch, as Toronto agent, and the other parties thereto (filed as Exhibit 10.6 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 16, 2020, File No. 0-19271, and incorporated herein by reference).

31.1	Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2	Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

~~101.INS~~
	~~XBRL Instance Document.~~
101	The following financial and related information from IDEXX Laboratories, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, formatted in Inline eXtensible Business Reportable Language (iXBRL) includes: (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet; (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income; (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Deficit); (v) the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows; and, (vi) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

~~101.SCH~~104	The cover page from the Company's Quarterly Report of Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, formatted in Inline XBRL ~~Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.~~and contained in Exhibit 101.

~~101.CAL~~	~~XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.~~

~~101.DEF~~	~~XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.~~

~~101.LAB~~	~~XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.~~

~~101.PRE~~	~~XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.~~



	IDEXX LABORATORIES, INC.


	/s/ Brian P. McKeon
Date: ~~May 1, 2019~~April 30, 2020	Brian P. McKeon
	Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
	(Principal Financial Officer)