For more information regarding these risks and uncertainties as well as certain additional risks that we face, you should refer to “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this report and “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, and to subsequent reports and registration statements filed from time to time with the SEC. We caution you not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which are current only as of the date on which we issued this report. We do not intend to, and we disclaim any duty or obligation to, update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect new information or future events or for any other reason.

We are a diversified mortgage and real estate business, providing both credit-related mortgage insurance coverage and a broad array of other mortgage, risk, title, valuation, asset management and other real estate services. We have 2 reportable business segments—Mortgage and Real Estate.

Our Mortgage segment provides credit-related insurance coverage, principally through private mortgage insurance on residential first-lien mortgage loans, as well as other credit risk management and contract underwriting solutions, to mortgage lending institutions and mortgage credit investors. We provide our mortgage insurance products and services mainly through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Radian Guaranty. Private mortgage insurance plays an important role in the U.S. housing finance system because it promotes affordable home ownership and helps protect mortgage lenders, investors and other beneficiaries by mitigating default-related losses on residential mortgage loans. Generally, these loans are made to homebuyers who make down payments of less than 20% of the purchase price for their home or, in the case of refinancings, have less than 20% equity in their home. Private mortgage insurance also facilitates the sale of these low down payment loans in the secondary mortgage market, most of which are currently sold to the GSEs. Our total direct primary mortgage IIF and RIF were $241.3$245.5 billion and $60.3$61.0 billion, respectively, as of JuneSeptember 30, 2020.2020, compared to $240.6 billion and $60.9 billion, respectively, as of December 31, 2019. In addition to providing private mortgage insurance, we participate in credit risk transfer programs developed by the GSEs as part of their initiative to distribute mortgage credit risk and increase the role of private capital in the mortgage market. Our additional RIF under credit risk transfer transactions, resulting from our participation in these programs with the GSEs, totaled $325.1$389.1 million as of JuneSeptember 30, 2020 compared to $275.2 million as of December 31, 2019.

The GSEs and state insurance regulators impose various capital and financial requirements on our insurance subsidiaries. These include Risk-to-capital, other risk-based capital measures and surplus requirements, as well as the PMIERs financial requirements. Failure to comply with these capital and financial requirements may limit the amount of insurance that our mortgage insurance subsidiaries write or may prohibit them from writing insurance altogether. The GSEs and state insurance regulators possess significant discretion with respect to our mortgage insurance subsidiaries and all aspects of their business. See Note 1516 for additional information on PMIERs and other regulatory information, and “—Recent Developments” below for a discussion of the elevated risks posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to an increase in mortgage defaults in our insured portfolio and a resulting increase in our Minimum Required Assets.Assets during 2020.

Our Real Estate segment is primarily a fee-for-service business that offers a broad array of services to market participants across the real estate value chain. Our real estateReal Estate services include title, valuation, asset management and other real estate services offered primarily to financial institutions, investors, GSEs, real estate brokers and agents. Our real estateReal Estate services help lenders, investors, consumers and real estate agents evaluate, manage, monitor, acquire and sell properties. These services include software as a service solutions and platforms, as well as managed services, such as real estate owned asset management, single family rental services, real estate valuation services and real estate brokerage services. In addition, we provide title insurance and non-insurance title, closing and settlement services to mortgage lenders as well as directly to consumers for residential mortgage loans.

See Note 34 for additional information about our reportable segments and All Other business activities, including the sale of Clayton and the impact of organizational changes in the first quarter of 2020.

As a seller of mortgage credit protection, our results are subject to macroeconomic conditions and specific events that impact the housing finance and real estate markets, including events that impact mortgage originations and the credit performance of our RIF. Many of these conditions are beyond our control, including housing prices, unemployment levels, interest rate changes, the availability of credit and other factors that may be derived from national and regional economic conditions. In general, a deterioration in economic conditions increases the likelihood that borrowers will be unable to satisfy their mortgage obligations. A deteriorating economy can adversely affect housing values, which in turn can influence the willingness of borrowers to continue to make mortgage payments regardless of whether they have the financial resources to do

Beginning in March 2020, the unprecedented and continually evolving social and economic impacts associated with the COVID-19 pandemic on the U.S. and global economies generally, and in particular on the U.S. housing, real estate and housing finance markets have negatively affectedhad a negative effect on our business and our financial results infor the second quarter of 2020, and to a lesser extent the third quarter of 2020, and are expected to adversely impact our business and results of operations in future periods. Specifically, and primarily as a result of an increase in the number of new defaults for the threenine months ended JuneSeptember 30, 2020, our financial results include: (i) a net loss of $30.0 million, due primarily toan increase in provision for losses of $304.4 million and (ii) an increase in our Minimum Required Assets required under the PMIERs. The number of new defaults increased significantly during the second quarter of 2020, and while the new defaults during the third quarter remain elevated compared to levels before the pandemic, they decreased by 67.5% from the prior quarter. See Note 1011 for additional information on our reserve for losses. In response to the uncertainties associated with COVID-19, during the second quarter of 2020 we strengthened our capital and liquidity positions by extending our existing credit facility and issuing $525 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2025. See Note 1112 for additional information on our borrowings and financing activities. The ultimate significance of the COVID-19 pandemic on our businesses will depend on, among other things: the extent and duration of the pandemic, the severity of and number of people infected with the virus and whether an effective anti-viral treatment or vaccine is developed;developed and made widely available; the wider economic effects of the pandemic and the scope and duration of governmental and other third party measures restricting day-to-day life and business operations; the impact of economic stimulus efforts to support the economy through the pandemic; and governmental and GSE programs implemented to assist borrowers experiencing a COVID-19-related hardship, including forbearance programs and suspensions of foreclosures and evictions. Although we are uncertain of the potential magnitude or duration of the business and economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, these and other factors, including those discussed in our 2019 Form 10-K, could have a material negative effect on the Company’s business, liquidity, results of operations and financial condition.

Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and include the accounts of Radian Group Inc. and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions, and intercompany profits and losses, have been eliminated. We have condensed or omitted certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP pursuant to the instructions set forth in Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the SEC.

We refer to Radian Group Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries as “Radian,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our,” unless the context requires otherwise. We generally refer to Radian Group Inc. alone, without its consolidated subsidiaries, as “Radian Group.” Unless otherwise defined in this report, certain terms and acronyms used throughout this report are defined in the Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms included as part of this report.

The financial information presented for interim periods is unaudited; however, such information reflects all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair statement of the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income (loss) and cash flows for the interim periods presented. Such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The year-end condensed balance sheet data was derived from our audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP.

To fully understand the basis of presentation, these interim financial statements and related notes contained herein should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our 2019 Form 10-K. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year or for any other period. See “—Recent Developments” aboveNote 1 for discussion of the elevated risks to our future business, liquidity, results of operations and financial condition due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation. See Note 34 for additional information on our segment reporting reclassifications.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of our contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. While the amounts included in our condensed consolidated financial statements include our best estimates and assumptions, actual results may vary materially.

Investments in fixed-maturity securities not classified as held to maturity or trading securities are classified as available for sale and are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses (net of tax) reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), unless: (i) we intend to sell the impaired security; (ii) it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the impaired security prior to recovery of its amortized cost basisbasis; or (iii) the present value of cash flows we expect to collect is less than the amortized cost basis of a security. In those instances, we record an impairment loss through earnings that varies depending on specific circumstances, as described below.

If a sale is likely, the full amount of the impairment is recognized as a loss in the statement of operations. Otherwise, unrealized losses on securities are separated into: (i) the portion of loss that represents the credit loss and (ii) the portion that is due to other factors. As a result of the adoption, effective January 2020, of ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (“ASU 2016-13”), described below, in evaluating whether a decline in value for other securities relates to an existing credit loss, we consider several factors, including, but not limited to, the following:

In addition, we no longer consider the duration of the decline in value in assessing whether our fixed income securities available for sale have a credit loss impairment.

On initial recognition and at each reporting date after a credit loss is identified, we recognize an allowance for remaining lifetime expected credit losses. This amount is calculated as the difference between the amortized cost and the present value of future expected cash flows, limited to the difference between the carrying amount (i.e., fair value) and amortized cost. If a credit loss is determined to exist, the credit loss impairment is included in net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments in the statement of operations, with an offset to an allowance for credit losses. Subsequent changes (favorable and unfavorable) in expected credit losses are recognized immediately in net income (loss) as a credit loss impairment or a reversal of credit loss impairment.

We adopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 using the modified retrospective adoption approach. This ASU and the associated subsequent amendments require that financial assets measured at their amortized cost basis be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. Credit losses relating to our available-for-sale debt securities are recorded through an allowance for credit losses, rather than a write-down of the asset, with the amount of the allowance limited to the amount by which fair value is less than amortized cost. This allowance method will allow reversals of credit losses if the estimate of credit losses declines. This ASU affected certain of our accounts and notes receivable, including premiums receivable, and certain of our other assets, including reinsurance recoverables; however, the update did not have a material effect on our financial statements and disclosures. See Note 56 for additional information.

We adopted ASU 2019-04, Codification Improvements related to Financial Instruments—Credit Losses, Derivatives and Hedging, and Financial Instruments on January 1, 2020. This update to the accounting standards regarding financial instruments and derivatives and hedging clarifies the accounting treatment for the measurement of credit losses and provides further clarification on previously issued updates. The adoption of this update did not have a material effect on our financial statements and disclosures.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-12, Financial Services—Insurance. The new standard: (i) requires that assumptions used to measure the liability for future policy benefits be reviewed at least annually; (ii) defines and simplifies the measurement of market risk benefits; (iii) simplifies the amortization of deferred acquisition costs; and (iv) enhances the required disclosures about long-duration contracts. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021,2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact on our financial statements and future disclosures as a result of this update.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes—Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes. This update simplifies the accounting for income taxes by removing certain exceptions to the general principals of ASC Topic 740 in GAAP. This update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact on our financial statements and future disclosures as a result of this update.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform—Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Reform on Financial Reporting. This update provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform. The amendments in this update are optional and may be elected over time, from the date of issuance through December 31, 2022, as reference rate reform activities occur. We are currently evaluating the impact of the guidance and our options related to the practical expedients.

Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding, while diluted net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the sum of the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and the weighted-average number of dilutive potential common shares. Dilutive potential common shares relate to our share-based compensation arrangements.

The calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share is as follows:

We have 2 strategic business units that we manage separately—Mortgage and Real Estate. Our Mortgage segment derives its revenue from mortgage insurance and other mortgage and risk services, including contract underwriting services provided to lenders. Our Real Estate segment offers a broad array of title, valuation, asset management and other real estate services to market participants across the real estate value chain. In addition, we report as All Other activities that include income (losses) from assets held by our holding company, related general corporate operating expenses not attributable or allocated to our reportable segments and, for all periods through the first quarter of 2020, income and expenses related to Clayton prior to its sale in January 2020.

Subsequent to the sale of Clayton, our Chief Executive Officer (Radian’s chief operating decision maker) implemented certain organizational changes that caused the composition of our reportable segments to change. As revised, the Company’s Mortgage and Real Estate segments are managed by our President of Mortgage and Co-Heads of Real Estate, respectively, who are responsible for the overall profitability of their respective segments and who are directly accountable to our chief operating decision maker.

The differences in the basis of segmentation compared to our 2019 Form 10-K are as follows:

These segment reporting changes align with the changes in personnel reporting lines, management oversight and branding following the sale of Clayton, and are consistent with the way our chief operating decision maker began assessing the performance of our reportable segments and other business activities effective in the first quarter of 2020. These changes to our reportable segments have been reflected in our segment operating results for all periods presented. See Note 1 for additional details about our Mortgage and Real Estate businesses.

We allocate corporate operating expenses to both reportable segments based on each segment’s forecasted annual percentage of total revenue, which approximates the estimated percentage of management time spent on each segment. In addition, we allocate all corporate interest expense to our Mortgage segment, due to the capital-intensive nature of our mortgage insurance business.

With the exception of goodwill and other acquired intangible assets that relate to our Real Estate segment, which are reviewed as part of our annual goodwill impairment assessment, we do not manage assets by segment.

Our senior management, including our chief operating decision maker, uses adjusted pretax operating income (loss) as our primary measure to evaluate the fundamental financial performance of each of Radian’s business segments and to allocate resources to the segments. Adjusted pretax operating income (loss) is defined as pretax income (loss) excluding the effects of: (i) net gains (losses) on investments and other financial instruments; (ii) loss on extinguishment of debt; (iii) amortization and impairment of goodwill and other acquired intangible assets; and (iv) impairment of other long-lived assets and other non-operating items, such as gains (losses) from the sale of lines of business and acquisition-related income and expenses. See Note 4 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2019 Form 10-K for detailed information regarding items excluded from adjusted pretax operating income (loss), including the reasons for their treatment.

Although adjusted pretax operating income (loss) excludes certain items that have occurred in the past and are expected to occur in the future, the excluded items represent those that are: (i) not viewed as part of the operating performance of our primary activities or (ii) not expected to result in an economic impact equal to the amount reflected in pretax income (loss).

The reconciliation of adjusted pretax operating income (loss) for our reportable segments to consolidated pretax income (loss) is as follows: