SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2000March 31, 2001

or

For the transition period from              to              

Commission file number: 000-30975

TRANSGENOMIC, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(402) 452-5400
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

    Indicate whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes /x/  No / /

    TheAs of April 30, 2001, the number of shares of common stock outstanding at October 27, 2000 was 21,436,840.21,232,958 consisting of 21,494,862 shares issued less 261,904 shares of Treasury Stock.

TRANSGENOMIC INC.

INDEX

PART I—I FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.  Financial Statements

Transgenomic, IncInc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
(Unaudited)(In thousands except share and per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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Transgenomic, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
(Unaudited)(In thousands except share and per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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Transgenomic, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(unaudited)(In thousands)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.

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Transgenomic, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(unaudited)(In thousands except share and per share data)

A. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

    The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Transgenomic, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the "Company") have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted accounting principlesin the United States of America have been omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. In the opinion of management of the Company, all adjustments (consisting of only normal and recurring accruals) have been made to present fairly the financial positions, the results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented. Although the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, these financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements for the yearperiod ended December 31, 19992000 that are included in the Company's Registration StatementAnnual Report on Form S-1 (SEC Registration No. 333-32174).

    In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments and for Hedging Activities" (SFAS No. 133). This statement, which is effective for the Company on January 1, 2001, requires the recognition of all derivative financial instruments as either assets or liabilities in the statement of financial position and measurement of those instruments at fair value. Management does not believe the adoption of SFAS No. 133 will have a material effect on our financial statements.10-K.

B. SHORT TERM INVESTMENTS

    At March 31, 2001 and December 31, 2000, short-term investments consisted of the following:

    Maturities of short-term investments are due within one year.

C. INVENTORIES

    At September 30, 2000March 31, 2001 and December 31, 19992000, inventories consist of the following:

    During the nine months ended September 30, 2000 the Company reclassified demonstration inventory of approximately $1.0 million to property and equipment.

C. NOTES PAYABLE

    At December 31, 1999, Notes Payable consisted of borrowings against a revolving line of credit and other installment notes. On July 21, 2000, the Company paid in full the outstanding balances plus accrued interest for these notes with the proceeds received from its initial public offering.

    On February 10, 2000, the Company borrowed approximately $204,000 from a director and principal stockholder. The promissory note had an interest rate of 9.75% per annum and was repaid on August 10, 2000.

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Transgenomic, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)

(unaudited)

D. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND STOCK OPTIONS

    Stockholders' Equity.  On March 30, 2000, the Company's stockholders approved an increase in the number of authorized common shares to 60,000,000.

    In March 2000, the Company issued 25,000 common shares at $10.00 per share to an individual who was subsequently elected to the Company's Board of Directors.

    On July 21, 2000, the Company issued 5,152,000 shares of common stock in its initial public offering at $15.00 per share. After payment of the underwriters' discounts and commissions and other expenses, the Company received net proceeds of approximately $69.9 million from this offering. In addition, the holder of a warrant to purchase 300,000 shares of common stock at $5.00 per share exercised the warrant at the time of our initial public offering.

    The Company's $12 million convertible notes, due 2002, contained features which were impacted by it's initial public offering as follows:

•

On the effective date of the Company's initial public offering interest payable on the notes was accelerated through the maturity date of the notes at an annual interest rate of 3.6%. As a result, the Company recorded additional interest expense of approximately $795,000.



•

The Company had the right to convert the principal plus accrued interest on the notes into common stock of the Company at a conversion price of $5.00 per share if the average trading price of the Company stock over 20 consecutive trading days plus accrued interest per share exceeded a specified dollar amount.

    On August 14, 2000, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the Company to convert the notes into common stock upon meeting the required conditions. On August 15, 2000, such conditions were met, and the notes were converted into 2,750,906 shares of common stock. All principal and accrued interest at the conversion date of approximately $13.9 million was recorded to stockholders equity.

    Other Comprehensive Income.  Results of operations for the Company's foreign subsidiary are translated using the average exchange rates during the period. Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate in effect on the balance sheet dates. These translation adjustments, along with unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, are the Company's only componentcomponents of other comprehensive income.

    Stock Options.  On March 30, 2000, the Company's stockholders approved an amendment to the 1997 Stock Option Plan to increase the number of shares for which common stock options can be granted to 6,000,000. During the third quarter of fiscal 2000, the Company granted 297,000 options with exercise prices of $13.00 per share. During the second quarter of fiscal 2000, the Company granted 97,500 options with exercise prices of $13.00 per share.  During the first quarter of fiscal 2000,2001, the Company granted

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364,000 options, including 59,500 18,500 and 10,000 options with exercise prices at $5.00of $5.625 and $6.25 per share, and recorded $297,500 in deferred compensation in connection with these grants representingrespectively.

    Effective April 1, 2000, the difference between the exercise price of the options granted and the deemed fair value of the common stock at the date of grant. These amounts, along with $112,500 of deferred compensation recorded at December 31, 1999, are being amortized by charges to operations over the vesting periods of the individual stock options using the straight-line method. Such amortization expense amounted to approximately $20,000 for the third quarter and $60,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2000.

    Included in the 364,000 options granted in the first quarter were 128,000 options granted to non-employees under consulting and other service agreements. The Company recorded approximately $100,000 of compensation expense and $271,000 of deferred compensation associated with these grants, which is being amortized over the respective service periods using the graded vesting method, which is an accelerated method of amortization. These expense amounts were calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: no common stock dividends, risk-free interest rates of 6.30% to 6.57%, volatility of 35%, and an expected option life of 1 to 5 years. Such amortization expense amounted to approximately $20,000 for the third quarter and $60,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2000.

sold its non-life science instrument product line. In connection with the sale, of the Company's non-life science instrument product line, the Company accelerated the vesting of 71,700 options, which would have otherwise been forfeited. Compensation expense of approximately $574,000$574 was recorded for these options during the first quarter of 2000, representing the difference between the exercise price of the options and the deemed fair value of the common stock at the date the vesting was accelerated. In addition, 218,700 options were forfeited as a result of the sale.

    The following table summarizes activity under the 1997 Stock Option Plan during the ninethree months ended September 30, 2000.March 31, 2001.

    The weighted average fair value of options granted was $6.23$2.92 for the first ninethree months of fiscal 2000.2001. At September 30, 2000,March 31, 2001, the weighted average remaining contractual life of options outstanding was 7.77.5 years. The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions for options granted in the first ninethree months of fiscal 2000:2001: no common stock dividends; risk-free interest rates ranging from 6.44% to 6.53%,of 5.46%; 35% volatility; and an expected option life ranging from 1 to 6.9of 7.5 years. Pro forma net income and income

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per share for the ninethree months ended September 30,

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March 31, 2001 and 2000, assuming compensation expense for the Stock Option Plan had been determined under SFAS 123, is as follows:

E. INCOME TAXES

    Due to the Company's cumulative losses in recent years, expected losses in future years and inability to utilize any additional losses as carrybacks, the Company has not provided for an income tax benefit during the three months or nine months ended September 30, 2000March 31, 2001, based on management's determination that it was more likely than not that such benefits would not be realized. The Company will continue to assess the recoverability of deferred tax assets and the related valuation allowance. To the extent the Company begins to generate income in future periods and it determines that such valuation allowance is no longer required, the tax benefit of the remaining deferred tax assets will be recognized at such time. During the ninethree months ended September 30, 1999,March 31, 2001, the Company established a valuation allowance offsetting previously recorded deferredcurrent tax assets. Management determined that, dueexpense related to cumulative losses in recent years, expected losses in future years and inability to utilize any additional losses as carrybacks, it was more likely than not that such benefits would not be realized.its Japan branch operations.

    As of March 31, 2001 and December 31, 1999 and September 30, 2000, the Company had netCompany's deferred tax assets of approximately $180,000. The net deferred tax asset at September 30, 2000 has beenwere offset by a valuation allowance of approximately $7.8$8.0 million and $7.6 million, respectively, due to the Company's cumulative losses in recent years, expected losses in future years and inability to utilize any additional losses as carrybacks.

F. SALEPRO FORMA RESULTS OF PRODUCT LINEOPERATIONS

    On May 19, 2000, the Company sold the assets related to its non-life sciencesscience instrument product line to a company controlled by Stephen F. Dwyer, a director and principal stockholder of the Company, for a total adjusted purchase price of $5.65 million plus reimbursement by the purchaser of approximately $400,000 of expenses paid by the Company in connection with this product line since March 31, 2000.Company. The effective date of the transactionsale was April 1, 2000. Approximately $3.65 million of the purchase price was paid in cash and $2.0 million was paid with an interest-bearing promissory note due on December 30, 2000. The note bears interest at 8.75%. The purchaser financed the cash portion of the purchase price for these assets plus initial working capital needs with borrowings of approximately $4.6 million obtained from a bank. The Company acquired the notes evidencing these loans from the bank upon closing of its initial public offering on July 21, 2000 by paying to the bank an amount equal to the entire principal balance of the notes plus accrued and unpaid interest. The acquired notes mature on December 30, 2000, and bear interest at a rate of 8.75% per annum. A total of 1,200,000 shares of the Company's common stock owned

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by Mr. Dwyer are pledged as security for the notes and is held in an escrow account. The Company anticipates that it will exercise its right to cause these shares to be sold in order to pay principal and interest on the notes when due, subject to Mr. Dwyer's lock-up agreement signed in connection with the Company's initial public offering.

    The net assets sold and their book values as of April 1, 2000 are as follows:

    The Company expects to realize an after-tax gain on the sale of these assets of approximately $710,000. The Company has deferred recognition of the gain on the sale until the earlier of (i) the repayment of the notes in full or (ii) the release of the 1,200,000 shares from the lock-up agreement.

G. PRO FORMA RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

The Company's unaudited pro forma results of operations for the three months and nine months ended September 30,March 31, 2000, and 1999, assuming the sale of the non-life sciences instrument product line as discussed above, occurred as of the beginning of the periods presentedJanuary 1, 2000, are as follows:

8G.  SUBSEQUENT EVENT

    On April 30, 2001, the Company entered into a Merger Agreement to acquire privately held Annovis, Inc. for approximately 1,967,000 shares of the Company's common stock and cash of approximately $500. Annovis is a privately held specialty chemicals company that develops, manufactures and markets a wide variety of nucleic acid based products and service for the life sciences industry. The Company expects to account for this transaction as a purchase and expects the transaction to close in the second quarter.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

    The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this filing.

Overview

    We provide innovative tools for DNAnucleic acid separation and analysis to researchers seeking to discover and understand variations in the human genetic code and the relationship of these variations to disease.analysis. Our WAVE® System is a versatile system that can be used for mutationvariation detection, size-based double-strand DNA separation and analysis, single-strand DNA separation and analysis and DNA purification. Our business plan is to focus on the genomics segment of the life sciences industry and the development, marketing and support of our proprietary technology for the automated separation and analysis of DNA. Our initial focus has been on marketing to researchers seeking to discover and understand variations in the human genetic code and the relationship of these variations to disease.

    Revenues for our life sciences products are generated from the sale of our principal product, the WAVE® System, and associated consumable products and reagents. Through September 30, 2000,March 31, 2001, we have sold over 370545 WAVE® Systems to major academic research centers and commercial biopharmaceutical companies in over 20 countries. Revenues from the sale of consumable products in the first nine months of 2000 have historically represented approximately 22%20% of our net sales derived from our life sciences business. We expect that over the next five years, sales from consumable products will increase as a percentage of our net sales.

    Before July 1, 1997, we manufactured and sold instruments and other products used in the non-life sciences instrumentation industry through our predecessor company, CETAC Holding Company, Inc. and its subsidiaries. On July 1, 1997, we merged these companies into Transgenomic, Inc., a new Delaware corporation, for the purpose of developing, manufacturing and selling our new life sciences product line in addition to continuing to manufacture and market our existing non-life sciences products. In 1999, we decided to focus our resources on our life sciences product line. Accordingly, during the second quarter of 2000 we sold the assets related to our non-life sciences instrument products. These assets consisted of inventory, property, plant and equipment, patents, other intellectual property rights and a lease deposit, with an aggregate book value, net of $125,000 of accrued liabilities, of approximately $4.7 million as of April 1, 2000. Financial information for periods ending before the effective date of the sale, April 1, 2000, includes the results of our non-life science instrument product line. On July 21, 2000, we completed our initial public offering, selling 5,152,000 shares of common stock at $15.00 per share for net proceeds of approximately $69.9 million.

    Since our decision to focus on our life sciences products, weWe have incurred significant losses and as of September 30, 2000, we had an accumulated deficit of $20.6 million. Our losses have resultedresulting principally from costs incurred in research and development and selling, general and administrative costs associated with our operations. WeAt March 31, 2001, we had an accumulated deficit of $22.1 million. Although we expect to continue to incur substantial research and development and selling, general and administrative costs as we continue to expand our operations.operations we also expect these costs as a percentage of sales to decline.

Results of Operations

Three Months Ended September 30,March 31, 2001 and 2000 and 1999

    Net Sales.  Net sales increased 12%14%, from $5.6$6.9 million in 19992000 to $6.2$7.9 million in 2000.2001. The increase was a result of increased sales of our life sciences products offset by the divestiture of our non-life science instrument product line. The effective date of this divestiture was April 1, 2000 and, as a result, we recorded no sales from these non-life science products after March 31, 2000. Sales of non-life science products in the thirdfirst quarter of 19992000 were approximately $1.9$2.2 million.

    Sales of our life sciences products increased 68%66%, from $3.7$4.8 million in 19992000 to $6.2$7.9 million in 2000.2001. Total revenues from sales of WAVE® Systems increased 77%85%, from $2.9$3.6 million in 19992000 to $5.2$6.6 million in 2000.2001. Life sciences consumable sales increased 38%10%, from $784,000 in 1999 to $1.1$1.2 million in 2000.2000 to $1.3 million in 2001. The increase in consumables sales came from our WAVE related consumables offset by declines in our other consumable products. WAVE related consumables increased 151%, from $290,000 in 2000 to $735,000 in 2001. Sales of consumable products increased as the installed base of WAVE® Systems has increased and as researchers begin to use them more extensively in place of other methods of DNA analysis.

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    Gross Profit.Cost of Goods Sold.  Gross profit increased 35%Cost of goods sold decreased 4% from $2.4$3.8 million in 19992000 to $3.3$3.7 million in 2000. Gross profit represented 53% of sales in 2000, as compared to 44% in 1999. The improvement in gross profit is2001. This decrease was attributable to the divestituresale of our non-life science instrument product line as of April 1, 2000. Cost of goods sold represented 46% of net sales in 2001, as compared to 55% in 2000. In the first quarter of 2000 cost of goods sold related to our life sciences product lines was approximately 51% of net sales associated with those products. Cost of goods sold as thesea percent of sales improved year over year due to lower combined material and manufacturing costs for our life science instruments generated lower average gross profits.as compared to the non-life science instruments. We anticipate that this percentage will continue to improve in the future as we refine our systems configurations potentially reducing material costs and as consumables become a greater percentagepercent of our revenues.

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    Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.  Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 23%17%, from $2.8 million in 1999 to $3.5 million in 2000. This2000 to $4.2 million in 2001. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percent of net sales was approximately 51% in 2000 and 52% in 2001. The increase is the result of higher real estate rents, personnel and personnel-related expenses and professional services feesservice fees. Increased real estate rent expense accounted for 40% of the overall increase. Real estate rents increased as the Company has expanded existing facilities and depreciation.added new locations in order to be more accessible to the Company's expanding customer base. Selling, general and administrative personnel counts increased forwere consistent as compared to the first quarter from 90of 2000. The employee counts in 1999 to 99 inthe first quarter of 2000 included approximately 20 employees whose positions were associated with the non-life science product line that we sold effective April 1, 2000. Direct personnel expense and increased travel and travel related expenses associated with the activities of our expanded staff accounted for approximately 40%28% of the overall increase. Professional services fees accounted for approximately 18%11% of the total increase. Professional servicesservice fees increased as the Company has engaged professionals to aid in our expanded sales, marketing, public relations and corporate infrastructure projects. The remaining increase is attributable to the costs associated with the expanded activities of the staff and depreciation.staff. We anticipate selling, general and administrative expenses to increase over the next several years to support our growing marketing, sales and business activities and costs associated with operating a public company.

    Research and Development Expenses.  Research and development expenses increased 13%10%, from $1.7 million in 1999 to $1.9 million in 2000.2000 to $2.1 million in 2001. These expenses represented 30%approximately 27% of net sales in both 19992000 and 2000.2001. The increase in these expenses is attributable to increased personnel and personnel related expenses. Salaries, payroll taxes and benefits accounted for approximately 78%70% of the total increase. The remaining increase is attributable to the costs associated with the expanded activities of the staff and increased depreciation.depreciation offset by decreased amortization of intellectual property. The decrease in amortization expense is due to the fact that certain intellectual property was sold as part of the non-life science product line. We expect research and development spending to increase significantly over the next several years as we expand our development efforts.

    Stock Based Compensation.  Stock based compensation expense was $41,000$33,000 in 2000.2001. This expense reflects the amortization of deferred compensation related to stock options issued. Stock based compensation expense was $710,000 in 2000. The expense in 2000 is attributable to the acceleration of vesting of 71,700 options held by former employees associated with the non-life science product line, the issuance of options to non-employee advisors and the amortization of deferred compensation.

    Other Expenses.  Other expenses, which consist mainly of net interest income and expense, improved from an expense of $376,000$469,000 in 19992000 to income of $42,000$894,000 in 2000.2001. Interest expense for the quarter was $874,000$2,000 as compared to $409,000$469,000 in 1999. The increase in interest expense was the result of accelerated interest charges on the Company's convertible notes. On the effective date of our initial public offering interest payable on the notes was accelerated through the maturity date of the notes at an annual interest rate of 3.6%. As a result, the Company recorded additional interest expense of approximately $795,000.2000. Interest income for the quarter was $918,000$896,000 as compared to $33,123none in 1999.2000. The decrease in interest expense and the increase in interest income is a direct result of the investment of the net proceeds from our initial public offering. Proceeds were used to pay all outstanding debt in fiscal year 2000 and the remaining proceeds were invested in income producing investments.

    Income Taxes.  No income tax benefit was recorded in 19992001 or 2000. No further tax benefits are being recorded due to our cumulative losses in recent years, expected losses in future years and the uncertainty as to whether we will be able to utilize any additional losses as carrybacks. During the three months ended March 31, 2001, the Company recorded current tax expense related to its Japan branch operations. We will continue to assess the recoverability of deferred tax assets and the related valuation allowance. We expect to continue to incur losses and expect to continue to provide valuation allowances against deferred tax assets. To the extent we begin to generate income in future years and it is determined that such valuation allowance is no longer required, the tax benefit of the remaining deferred tax assets will be recognized.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2000 and 1999

    Net Sales.  Net sales increased 11%, from $16.9 million in 1999 to $18.8 million in 2000. Sales of our life sciences products increased 68%, from $9.9 million in 1999 to $16.6 million in 2000. Total revenues from sales of WAVE® Systems increased 67%, from $7.8 million in 1999 to $13.0 million in 2000. Life sciences consumable sales increased 70%, from $2.1 million in 1999 to $3.6 million in 2000. Sales of consumable products increased as the installed base of WAVE® Systems has increased and as researchers begin to use them more extensively in place of other methods of DNA analysis. Sales of our non-life

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science instrument products decreased 69%, from $7.0 million in 1999 to $2.2 in 2000 due to the fact that we sold this product line effective April 1, 2000, therefore, no sales of these products were recorded after March 31, 2000.

    Gross Profit.  Gross profit increased 19% from $7.9 million to $9.4 million in 2000. Gross profit represented 50% of sales in 2000, as compared to 47% in 1999. The improvement in gross profit is attributable to the divestiture of our non-life science instrument product line as of April 1, 2000, as these instruments generated lower average gross profits. We anticipate that this percentage will continue to improve in the future as consumables become a greater percentage of our revenues.

    Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.  Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 22%, from $8.5 million in 1999 to $10.4 million in 2000. This increase is the result of additional personnel and personnel-related expenses and depreciation. Average selling, general and administrative personnel counts increased 20% for the nine months from 83 in 1999 to 99 in 2000. Direct personnel expenses and increased travel and travel related expenses associated with the activities of our expanded staff accounted for approximately 75% of the total increase. Increased depreciation expense associated with investments in offices and equipment supporting our expanded staff accounted for approximately 10% of the total increase. We anticipate selling, general and administrative expenses to increase over the next several years to support our growing marketing, sales and business activities and costs associated with operating a public company.

    Research and Development Expenses.  Research and development expenses increased 37%, from $4.1 million in 1999 to $5.7 million in 2000. These expenses represented 24% of net sales in 1999 versus 30% of net sales in 2000. The increase in these expenses is attributable to increased personnel and personnel related expenses, the costs associated with the expanded activities of the staff and depreciation. Average research and development personnel count increased 16% in the nine months from 49 in 1999 to 57 in 2000. Salaries, payroll taxes and benefits accounted for approximately 60% of the total increase. The increase in depreciation is the result of investments in equipment during the first nine months of 2000. The increase in depreciation accounted for approximately 25% of the total increase. We expect research and development spending to increase over the next several years as we expand our development efforts.

    Stock Based Compensation.  Stock based compensation expense was $791,000 in 2000. In connection with the sale of our non-life science instrument product line, the Company accelerated the vesting of 71,700 options, which would have otherwise been forfeited. Former employees who were associated with our non-life science product line held these options. The acceleration resulted in the recording of $574,000 of stock based compensation expense in the first quarter of 2000. The remaining expense is due to amortization of deferred compensation related to stock options issued.

    Other Expenses.  Other expenses, which consist mainly of net interest income and expense, increased from $760,000 in 1999 to $870,000 in 2000. Interest expense for the nine months was $1.8 million as compared to $885,000 in 1999. The increase in interest expense was the result of interest expense on our $12 million convertible notes that were issued in March 1999, additional interest expense on our working capital lending facility and accelerated interest charges on our convertible notes. On the effective date of our initial public offering interest payable on the notes was accelerated through the maturity date of the notes at an annual interest rate of 3.6%. As a result, the Company recorded additional interest expense of approximately $795,000 in the third quarter of 2000. Interest income for the nine months was $920,000 as compared to $107,000 in 1999. The increase in interest income is a result of the investment of the net proceeds from our initial public offering.

    Income Taxes.  The income tax expense in 1999 was $1.9 million while in 2000 no income tax benefit was provided. The expense recorded in 1999 relates to the establishment of a valuation allowance against previously recorded deferred tax assets. No further tax benefit is being recorded due to our cumulative losses in recent years, expected losses in future years and the uncertainty as to whether we will be able to utilize any additional losses as carrybacks. We will continue to assess the recoverability of deferred tax

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assets and the related valuation allowance. We expect to continue to incur losses and expect to continue to provide valuation allowances against deferred tax assets. To the extent we begin to generate income in future years and it is determined that such valuation allowance is no longer required, the tax benefit of the remaining deferred tax assets will be recognized.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

    We have experienced net losses and negative cash flows from operations during the past threein recent years. As a result, we had an accumulated deficit of $20.6$22.1 million as of September 30, 2000.March 31, 2001. On July 21, 2000, we issued 5,152,000

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shares of common stock in our initial public offering at $15.00 per share. After payment of the underwriters' discounts and commissions and other expenses, we received net proceeds of approximately $69.9 million from this offering. In addition, the holder of a warrant to purchase 300,000 shares of common stock exercised the warrant at the time of our initial public offering thus providing us with an additional $1.5 million in cash. As of DecemberMarch 31, 1999 and September 30, 2000,2001 we had approximately $153,000 and $60.4$58.4 million respectively, in cash and cash equivalents.

    On May 19, 2000 we sold the assets related to our non-life sciences instrument product line to a company controlled by Stephen F. Dwyer, a directorequivalents and a principal stockholder of ours, for a total adjusted purchase price of $5.65 million plus reimbursement by the buyer of approximately $400,000 of expenses paid by us since Marchshort-term investments. The decline in cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments from December 31, 2000, in connection with this product line. Approximately $3.65 million was paid in cash at the closing of the sale and $2.0 million was paid with an interest-bearing promissory note due on December 30, 2000. The note bears interest at the rate of 8.75% per annum.

    The purchaser financed the cash portion of the purchase price for these assets plus initial working capital needs with borrowings of approximately $4.6 million obtained fromis a bank. We acquired the notes evidencing these loans from the bank upon closingresult of our initial public offering by paying to the bank an amount equal to the entire principal balance of the notes plus accruedoperating activities and unpaid interest. The acquired notes mature on December 30, 2000,investments in property and bear interest at a rate of 8.75% per annum. A total of 1,200,000 shares of our common stock owned by Mr. Dwyer is pledged as security for the notes and is held in an escrow account. We anticipate that we will exercise our right to cause these shares to be sold in order to pay principal and interest on the notes when due, subject to Mr. Dwyer's lock-up agreement signed in connection with our initial public offering.

    The Company's $12 million convertible notes, due 2002, contained features that were impacted by our initial public offering. On the effective date of our initial public offering interest payable on the notes was accelerated through the maturity date of the notes at an annual interest rate of 3.6%. As a result, the Company recorded additional interest expense of approximately $795,000. These notes contained a conversion feature that would allow the Company, upon satisfaction of certain conditions, to cause conversion of the principal plus accrued interest into common stock of the Company at a conversion price of $5.00 per share. On August 14, 2000, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the Company to convert the notes into common stock upon meeting the required conditions. On August 15, 2000, such conditions were met and the notes were converted into 2,750,906 shares of common stock. All principal and accrued interest at the conversion date of approximately $13.9 million was recorded to stockholders equity.equipment.

    Our operating activities resulted in net outflowsinflows of $7.0 million$93,000 in the first ninethree months of 19992000 as compared to $3.7outflows of $2.1 million in 2000.2001. The operating cash outflows for the first three months of 2001 were impacted in part by increased accounts receivable balances due to the timing of sales during the quarter. The average number of days to collect accounts receivable continued to improve from 2000 and were approximately 63 days during the first quarter of 2001. The operating cash outflows for this period resulted fromwere also impacted by significant investments in research and development, and sales and marketing, which resulted in operating losses. The operating cash outflows for the nine months are significantly lower than those in the prior year. This improvement in operating cash flows was attained in part through increased accounts receivable collection.

    Net cash used in investing activities was $2.8 million$411,000 for the ninethree months ended September 30, 1999,March 31, 2000, compared to $3.5$22.8 million in 2000.2001. The changeincrease in investing cash flow outflows in 20002001 is the result of our acquisitionthe purchase of the notes evidencing loans previously obtained by the purchaser of our non-life sciences product lineshort-term investments and investments in property and equipment.

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    Net cash provided by financing activities was $11.9 million$285,000 for the ninethree months ended September 30, 1999,March 31, 2000, as compared to $67.3 million$123,000 in 2000.2001. The financing cash inflows in 20002001 are the result of our initial public offering offset by the repayment of bank debt. The funds used for the repayment came from the proceeds of the sale of our non-life science instrument product line and our initial public offering. The financing cash inflows in 1999 were due to the issuance of convertible notes that provided net proceedscommon stock for the exercise of $11.4 million in March 1999, and net other borrowings.stock options.

    Our capital expenditures budget for 20002001 is approximately $5.0 million. Capital expenditures for the current year are expected to relate to facility and equipment improvements related to our life sciences business. Research and development expenses are budgeted at approximately $7.2$8.9 million for 2000.2001. We expect to devote substantial capital resources to continue our research and development efforts, to expand our marketing, sales and customer support activities, and for other general corporate activities. Our capital requirements depend on a number of factors, including the level of our research and development activities, market acceptance of our products, the resources we devote to developing and supporting our products, and other factors.

    We believe that our current cash balances will be sufficient to fund operations through at least fiscal year 2003. During or after this period, if cash generated by operations is insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirement, we may need to sell additional equity or debt securities, or obtain additional credit arrangements.

    On April 30, 2001, the Company signed a Merger Agreement to acquire privately-held Annovis, Inc. for approximately 1,967,000 shares of the Company's common stock and cash of approximately $500,000. Annovis is a privately held specialty chemicals company that develops, manufactures and markets a wide variety of nucleic acid based products and service for the life sciences industry. This acquisition is expected to add approximately $6.0 million of revenue for the remainder of 2001 and more than $12.0 million in 2002. Excluding acquisition costs and intangibles amortization expense, there is expected to be no material effect on earnings for the remainder of 2001 and a positive contribution in 2002. The Company expects to account for this transaction as a purchase and expects the transaction to close during the second quarter.

Foreign Currency Rate Fluctuations

    Approximately 50% of our net sales have been to customers in the United States. While we do sell products in many foreign countries, most of these sales are completed by our wholly-owned subsidiary, Transgenomic, LTD.Ltd., and are made in its operating currency, British pounds sterling, or the Euro.currency. Results of operations for the Company's foreign subsidiary are translated using the average exchange rate during the period. Assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rate in effect on the balance sheet dates. To further limit our exposure to exchange rate risk all sales quotes issued by Transgenomic, Ltd. are now based upon the United States dollar pricing converted at prevailing exchange rates at the time of the quote. Additionally, such quotes

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have short expiration periods. As a result, the Company isalthough we are subject to exchange rate risk, however, at this time management feels we do not have a material exposure to foreign currency rate fluctuations.fluctuations at this time.

Forward-looking information

    This report contains a number of "forward-looking statements" as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Many of these forward-looking statements refer to our plans, objective, expectations and intentions, as well as our future financial results. You can identify these forward-looking statements by forward-looking words such as "expects," anticipates," "intends," "plans," "may," "will," "believes," "seeks," "estimates," and similar expressions. Because these forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, there are important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Such factors would include the growth of the markets for DNA analysis technology, the acceptance of our technology by genomics researchers, our ability to continue to improve our products, the development of competing technologies, and our ability to protect our intellectual property rights.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

    The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same time maximizing the income we receive from our investments without significantly increasing risk. Some of the securities that we invest in may have market risk. This means that a change in prevailing interest rates may cause the market value of the investment to fluctuate. For example, if we hold a security that was issued with a fixed interest rate at the then-prevailing rate and the prevailing interest rate later rises, the market value of our investment will probably decline. To minimize this risk in the future, we intend to maintain our portfolio of cash equivalents and short-term investments in a variety of securities, including commercial paper, money market funds, government and non-government debt securities. The average duration of all of our investments in 2000 was less than one year. Due to the short-term nature of these investments, we believe we have no material exposure to interest rate risk arising from our investments. Therefore, no quantitative tabular disclosure is presented.

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PART II—II OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.  Legal Proceedings

    We are not a party to, and none of our assets or properties are subject to, any material legal proceedings.

Item 2.  Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds

    (d) The amount of net proceeds forfrom our initial public offering was approximately $69.9 million. Approximately $3.5 million of these net offering proceeds was used to repay outstanding indebtedness and approximately $4.6 million was used to acquire notes evidencing loans made by a bank to the Company owned by one of our directors that purchased the assets of our non-life sciences product line in May 2000. We used approximately $3.1 million of the net proceeds for capital expenditures during 2000 and an additional $1.4 million in the first quarter of 2001. We expect to apply up to $5.0 million of the net proceeds of this offering for capital expenditures during 2000. During the third quarter of 2000 we spent approximately $350,000 on capital expenditures.2001. Such expenditures were made for, and are expected to be made for, general infrastructure investments such as computer equipment, software and on leasehold improvements. At September 30, 2000,March 31, 2001, approximately $60$56.8 million was invested in cash equivalent investments and in short-term, money market investments.investment-grade, interest-bearing securities. We expect to use the remaining amount of the net offering proceeds for general working capital needs, including research and development and sales and marketing expenses. The amounts actually expended for each purpose may vary significantly depending upon many factors, including future sales growth, the progress of our product development efforts and the amount of cash generated or used by our operations. We have invested the unexpended net offering proceeds in short-term investment-grade, interest-bearing securities.

Item 6.  Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K

(a)

Exhibits

(b)

Reports on Form 8-K

    The Registrant filed the following reportdid not file a Report on Form 8-K during the quarter ended September 30, 2000:March 31, 2001.

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SIGNATURES

    Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

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