~~0000937834us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember2019-12-31~~

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

______________________________________

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)


☑			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, ~~2021~~2022


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO

Commission file number: 000-55029

________________________________________

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

New York

13-5581829

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

200 Park Avenue,

New York,

10166-0188

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

(212) 578-9500

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
None	N/A	N/A

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☑ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☑	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☑

At November ~~9, 2021,~~8, 2022, 494,466,664 shares of the registrant’s common stock were outstanding, all of which were owned directly by MetLife, Inc.

REDUCED DISCLOSURE FORMAT

The registrant meets the conditions set forth in General Instruction H(1)(a) and (b) of Form 10-Q and is, therefore, filing this Form 10-Q with the reduced disclosure format.

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		Page
Part I — Financial Information
Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited) (at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 and for the Three Months and Nine Months Ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020)~~2021)
	Interim Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	4
	Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)	5
	Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity	6
	Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	7
	Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements:
	Note 1 — Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies	8
	Note 2 — Segment Information	1112
	Note 3 — Insurance	1516
	Note 4 — Closed Block	1718
	Note 5 — Investments	2021
	Note 6 — Derivatives	3641
	Note 7 — Fair Value	4852
	Note 8 — Equity	6568
	Note 9 — Other Revenues and Other Expenses	6871
	Note 10 — Income Tax	6972
	Note 11 — Contingencies, Commitments and Guarantees	6972
	Note 12 — Related Party Transactions	7375
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	7678
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	89

Part II — Other Information
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	90
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	90
Item 6.	Exhibits	91

Signatures		92

Table of Contents

As used in this Form 10-Q, “MLIC,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, a New York corporation incorporated in 1868, and its subsidiaries. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MetLife, Inc. (MetLife, Inc., together with its subsidiaries and affiliates, “MetLife”).

Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q, including Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, may contain or incorporate by reference information that includes or is based upon forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements give expectations or forecasts of future events and do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. They use words and terms such as “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “if,” “intend,” “likely,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “project,” “should,” “will,” “would” and other words and terms of similar meaning or that are otherwise tied to future periods or future performance, in each case in all derivative forms. They include statements relating to future actions, prospective services or products, future performance or results of current and anticipated services or products, future sales efforts, future expenses, the outcome of contingencies such as legal proceedings, and future trends in operations and financial results.

Many factors determine Company results, and they involve unpredictable risks and uncertainties. Our forward-looking statements depend on our assumptions, our expectations, and our understanding of the economic environment, but they may be inaccurate and may change. We do not guarantee any future performance. Our results could differ materially from those we express or imply in forward-looking statements. The risks, uncertainties and other factors, including those relating to the COVID-19 pandemic, identified in ~~MetLife, Inc.’s~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, and others, may cause such differences. These factors include:

(1) economic condition difficulties, including risks relating to public health, interest rates, credit spreads, equity, real estate, obligors and counterparties, and derivatives;

(2) global capital and credit market adversity;

(3) credit facility inaccessibility;

(4) financial strength or credit ratings downgrades;

(5) unavailability, unaffordability, or inadequate reinsurance;

(6) statutory life insurance reserve financing costs or limited market capacity;

(7) legal, regulatory, and supervisory and enforcement policy changes;

(8) changes in tax rates, tax laws or interpretations;

(9) litigation and regulatory investigations;

(10) London Interbank Offered Rate ~~termination~~discontinuation and transition to alternative reference rates;

(11) unsuccessful efforts to meet all environmental, social, and governance standards or to enhance our sustainability;

(12) investment defaults, downgrades, or volatility;

(13) investment sales or lending difficulties;

(14) collateral or derivative-related payments;

(15) investment valuations, allowances, or impairments changes;

(16) claims or other results that differ from our estimates, assumptions, or models;

~~(16)~~(17) business competition;

~~(17)~~(18) catastrophes;

~~(18)~~(19) climate changes or responses to it;

~~(19)~~(20) deficiencies in our closed block;

~~(20)~~(21) acceleration of amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs, deferred sales inducements, value of business acquired, value of distribution agreements acquired or value of ~~business~~customer relationships acquired;

~~(21) product guarantee volatility, costs, and counterparty risks;~~

~~(22) risk management failures;~~

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(22) product guarantee volatility, costs, and counterparty risks;

(23) risk management failures;

(24) insufficient protection from operational risks;

~~(24) confidential information protection~~(25) failure to protect confidentiality and integrity of data or other cybersecurity or disaster recovery failures;

~~(25)~~(26) accounting standards changes;

~~(26)~~(27) excessive risk-taking; and

~~(27)~~(28) marketing and distribution difficulties.

~~The~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company ~~will~~does not undertake any obligation to publicly correct or update any forward-looking ~~statements~~statement if ~~we believe we are~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company later becomes aware that such statement is not likely to ~~achieve them or for any other reasons; nor will MetLife.~~be achieved. Please consult any further disclosures ~~we or MetLife make~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company makes on related subjects in subsequent reports to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

Note Regarding Reliance on Statements in Our Contracts

See “Exhibits — Note Regarding Reliance on Statements in Our Contracts” for information regarding agreements included as exhibits to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Table of Contents

Part I — Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Interim Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020~~2021 (Unaudited)

(In millions, except share and per share data)


		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020			September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Assets	Assets					Assets
Investments:	Investments:					Investments:
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale, at estimated fair value (amortized cost: $158,762 and $156,423, respectively; allowance for credit loss of $35 and $51, respectively)		$	177,223	$	181,340
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale, at estimated fair value (amortized cost: $160,814 and $158,354, respectively; allowance for credit loss of $117 and $53, respectively)						Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale, at estimated fair value (amortized cost: $160,814 and $158,354, respectively; allowance for credit loss of $117 and $53, respectively)	$	143,414	$	175,885

Mortgage loans (net of allowance for credit loss of $490 and $517, respectively; includes $202 and $199, respectively, relating to variable interest entities and $134 and $165, respectively, under the fair value option)		62,288		66,405
Mortgage loans (net of allowance for credit loss of $392 and $536, respectively; includes $143 and $224, respectively, relating to variable interest entities; $0 and $127, respectively, under the fair value option)						Mortgage loans (net of allowance for credit loss of $392 and $536, respectively; includes $143 and $224, respectively, relating to variable interest entities; $0 and $127, respectively, under the fair value option)	61,603		60,219
Policy loans	Policy loans	5,855		5,973		Policy loans	5,732		5,816
Real estate and real estate joint ventures (includes $1,127 and $1,435, respectively, relating to variable interest entities, $225 and $169, respectively, under the fair value option and $0 and $128, respectively, of real estate held-for-sale)		7,877		7,478
Real estate and real estate joint ventures (includes $1,017 and $1,094, respectively, relating to variable interest entities, $315 and $240, respectively, under the fair value option and $191 and $175, respectively, of real estate held-for-sale)						Real estate and real estate joint ventures (includes $1,017 and $1,094, respectively, relating to variable interest entities, $315 and $240, respectively, under the fair value option and $191 and $175, respectively, of real estate held-for-sale)	8,218		7,873
Other limited partnership interests	Other limited partnership interests	8,232		5,775		Other limited partnership interests	8,014		8,754
Short-term investments, at estimated fair value	Short-term investments, at estimated fair value	4,385		2,623		Short-term investments, at estimated fair value	3,531		4,866
Other invested assets (includes $970 and $992, respectively, of leveraged and direct financing leases and $175 and $79, respectively, relating to variable interest entities)		17,655		17,723
Other invested assets (includes $923 and $924, respectively, of leveraged and direct financing leases; $163 and $171, respectively, relating to variable interest entities; allowance for credit loss of $26 and $32, respectively)						Other invested assets (includes $923 and $924, respectively, of leveraged and direct financing leases; $163 and $171, respectively, relating to variable interest entities; allowance for credit loss of $26 and $32, respectively)	21,532		19,860
Total investments	Total investments	283,515		287,317		Total investments	252,044		283,273
Cash and cash equivalents, principally at estimated fair value (includes $23 and $9, respectively, relating to variable interest entities)		9,706		11,337
Accrued investment income (includes $1 and $1, respectively, relating to variable interest entities)		1,980		1,904
Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables (includes $2 and $3, respectively, relating to variable interest entities)		21,078		21,478
Cash and cash equivalents, principally at estimated fair value						Cash and cash equivalents, principally at estimated fair value	10,978		9,957
Accrued investment income						Accrued investment income	1,953		1,767
Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables						Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables	21,247		20,505
Deferred policy acquisition costs and value of business acquired	Deferred policy acquisition costs and value of business acquired	2,665		2,649		Deferred policy acquisition costs and value of business acquired	5,379		2,598
Current income tax recoverable	Current income tax recoverable	145		—		Current income tax recoverable	241		80

Other assets (includes $1 and $1, respectively, relating to variable interest entities)		4,556		4,276
Deferred income tax asset						Deferred income tax asset	2,734		—
Other assets						Other assets	4,563		4,526
Separate account assets	Separate account assets	124,490		128,646		Separate account assets	87,709		123,851
Total assets	Total assets	$	448,135	$	457,607	Total assets	$	386,848	$	446,557
Liabilities and Equity	Liabilities and Equity					Liabilities and Equity
Liabilities	Liabilities					Liabilities
Future policy benefits	Future policy benefits	$	130,215	$	133,921	Future policy benefits	$	134,069	$	132,274
Policyholder account balances	Policyholder account balances	95,693		96,635		Policyholder account balances	97,675		94,459
Other policy-related balances	Other policy-related balances	8,081		7,430		Other policy-related balances	8,104		8,094
Policyholder dividends payable	Policyholder dividends payable	361		397		Policyholder dividends payable	280		312
Policyholder dividend obligation	Policyholder dividend obligation	1,952		2,969		Policyholder dividend obligation	—		1,682
Payables for collateral under securities loaned and other transactions	Payables for collateral under securities loaned and other transactions	24,411		23,122		Payables for collateral under securities loaned and other transactions	17,595		24,866
Short-term debt	Short-term debt	100		120		Short-term debt	99		100
Long-term debt (includes $0 and $5, respectively, relating to variable interest entities)		1,628		1,619
Current income tax payable		—		486
Long-term debt						Long-term debt	1,616		1,659

Deferred income tax liability	Deferred income tax liability	2,172		1,980		Deferred income tax liability	—		2,036
Other liabilities	Other liabilities	24,796		25,424		Other liabilities	25,950		23,796
Separate account liabilities	Separate account liabilities	124,490		128,646		Separate account liabilities	87,709		123,851
Total liabilities	Total liabilities	413,899		422,749		Total liabilities	373,097		413,129
Contingencies, Commitments and Guarantees (Note 11)	Contingencies, Commitments and Guarantees (Note 11)	0		0		Contingencies, Commitments and Guarantees (Note 11)

Equity	Equity					Equity
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company stockholder’s equity:	Metropolitan Life Insurance Company stockholder’s equity:					Metropolitan Life Insurance Company stockholder’s equity:
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 1,000,000,000 shares authorized; 494,466,664 shares issued and outstanding	Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 1,000,000,000 shares authorized; 494,466,664 shares issued and outstanding	5		5		Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 1,000,000,000 shares authorized; 494,466,664 shares issued and outstanding	5		5
Additional paid-in capital	Additional paid-in capital	12,463		12,460		Additional paid-in capital	12,476		12,464
Retained earnings	Retained earnings	11,283		10,548		Retained earnings	11,171		10,868
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI")		10,297		11,662
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)						Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(10,058)		9,917
Total Metropolitan Life Insurance Company stockholder’s equity	Total Metropolitan Life Insurance Company stockholder’s equity	34,048		34,675		Total Metropolitan Life Insurance Company stockholder’s equity	13,594		33,254
Noncontrolling interests	Noncontrolling interests	188		183		Noncontrolling interests	157		174
Total equity	Total equity	34,236		34,858		Total equity	13,751		33,428
Total liabilities and equity	Total liabilities and equity	$	448,135	$	457,607	Total liabilities and equity	$	386,848	$	446,557

See accompanying notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

For the Three Months and Nine Months Ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 (Unaudited)

(In millions)


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020			2022		2021		2022		2021
Revenues	Revenues									Revenues
Premiums	Premiums	$	5,715	$	5,290	$	17,971	$	15,259	Premiums	$	13,769	$	5,715	$	25,347	$	17,971
Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	506		494		1,555		1,501		Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	484		506		1,523		1,555
Net investment income	Net investment income	3,331		2,774		9,552		7,423		Net investment income	2,260		3,331		7,528		9,552
Other revenues	Other revenues	368		411		1,225		1,187		Other revenues	501		368		1,286		1,225

Net investment gains (losses)	Net investment gains (losses)	190		30		692		(96)		Net investment gains (losses)	(82)		190		(391)		692
Net derivative gains (losses)	Net derivative gains (losses)	84		(549)		(906)		2,213		Net derivative gains (losses)	454		84		980		(906)
Total revenues	Total revenues	10,194		8,450		30,089		27,487		Total revenues	17,386		10,194		36,273		30,089
Expenses	Expenses									Expenses
Policyholder benefits and claims	Policyholder benefits and claims	6,628		5,979		20,336		17,081		Policyholder benefits and claims	14,178		6,628		26,675		20,336
Interest credited to policyholder account balances	Interest credited to policyholder account balances	512		538		1,535		1,720		Interest credited to policyholder account balances	624		512		1,645		1,535
Policyholder dividends	Policyholder dividends	154		161		559		655		Policyholder dividends	119		154		432		559
Other expenses	Other expenses	1,825		1,360		4,216		3,738		Other expenses	1,418		1,825		4,136		4,216
Total expenses	Total expenses	9,119		8,038		26,646		23,194		Total expenses	16,339		9,119		32,888		26,646
Income (loss) before provision for income tax	Income (loss) before provision for income tax	1,075		412		3,443		4,293		Income (loss) before provision for income tax	1,047		1,075		3,385		3,443
Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	153		7		510		626		Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	174		153		539		510

Net income (loss)	Net income (loss)	922		405		2,933		3,667		Net income (loss)	873		922		2,846		2,933
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	1		1		5		(1)		Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	2		1		4		5
Net income (loss) attributable to Metropolitan Life Insurance Company	Net income (loss) attributable to Metropolitan Life Insurance Company	$	921	$	404	$	2,928	$	3,668	Net income (loss) attributable to Metropolitan Life Insurance Company	$	871	$	921	$	2,842	$	2,928
Comprehensive income (loss)	Comprehensive income (loss)	$	1,340	$	(2,334)	$	1,568	$	5,129	Comprehensive income (loss)	$	(5,408)	$	1,340	$	(17,129)	$	1,568
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of income tax	Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of income tax	1		1		5		(1)		Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of income tax	2		1		4		5
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Metropolitan Life Insurance Company	Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Metropolitan Life Insurance Company	$	1,339	$	(2,335)	$	1,563	$	5,130	Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Metropolitan Life Insurance Company	$	(5,410)	$	1,339	$	(17,133)	$	1,563

See accompanying notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020~~2021 (Unaudited)

(In millions)


	Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Total Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Stockholder’s Equity		Noncontrolling Interests		Total Equity
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	5	$	12,464	$	10,868	$	9,917	$	33,254	$	174	$	33,428
Capital contributions from MetLife, Inc.			12						12				12
Dividends to MetLife, Inc.					(1,562)				(1,562)				(1,562)



Change in equity of noncontrolling interests									—		(22)		(22)
Net income (loss)					1,971				1,971		2		1,973
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax							(13,694)		(13,694)				(13,694)
Balance at June 30, 2022	5		12,476		11,277		(3,777)		19,981		154		20,135
Dividends to MetLife, Inc.					(977)				(977)				(977)
Change in equity of noncontrolling interests									—		1		1
Net income (loss)					871				871		2		873
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax							(6,281)		(6,281)				(6,281)
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	5	$	12,476	$	11,171	$	(10,058)	$	13,594	$	157	$	13,751


	Common Stock		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Total Metropolitan Life Insurance Company Stockholder’s Equity		Noncontrolling Interests		Total Equity
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	5	$	12,460	$	10,548	$	11,662	$	34,675	$	183	$	34,858
Capital contributions from MetLife, Inc.			2						2				2
Dividends to MetLife, Inc.					(1,430)				(1,430)				(1,430)
Change in equity of noncontrolling interests									—		2		2
Net income (loss)					2,007				2,007		4		2,011
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax							(1,783)		(1,783)				(1,783)
Balance at June 30, 2021	5		12,462		11,125		9,879		33,471		189		33,660
Capital contributions from MetLife, Inc.			1						1				1
Dividends to MetLife, Inc.					(763)				(763)				(763)
Change in equity of noncontrolling interests									—		(2)		(2)
Net income (loss)					921				921		1		922
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax							418		418				418
Balance at September 30, 2021	$	5	$	12,463	$	11,283	$	10,297	$	34,048	$	188	$	34,236

Common
Stock Additional
Paid-in
Capital Retained
Earnings Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss) Total
Metropolitan Life
Insurance Company
Stockholder’s Equity Noncontrolling
Interests Total
Equity
Balance at December 31, 2019 $ 5 $ 12,455 $ 9,943 $ 10,025 $ 32,428 $ 184 $ 32,612
Cumulative effects of changes in accounting principles, net of income tax (113) (113) (113)
Capital contributions from MetLife, Inc. 2 2 2
Dividends to MetLife, Inc. (1,177) (1,177) (1,177)
Change in equity of noncontrolling interests — 2 2
Net income (loss) 3,264 3,264 (2) 3,262
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax 4,201 4,201 4,201
Balance at June 30, 2020 5 12,457 11,917 14,226 38,605 184 38,789
Capital contributions from MetLife, Inc. 2 2 2
Dividends to MetLife, Inc. (830) (830) (830)
Change in equity of noncontrolling interests — 1 1
Net income (loss) 404 404 1 405
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax (2,739) (2,739) (2,739)
Balance at September 30, 2020 $ 5 $ 12,459 $ 11,491 $ 11,487 $ 35,442 $ 186 $ 35,628

See accompanying notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 ~~and 2020~~ (Unaudited)

(In millions)

Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2021 2020
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities $ 2,224 $ 1,942
Cash flows from investing activities
Sales, maturities and repayments of:
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale 36,842 34,767
Equity securities 370 212
Mortgage loans 11,027 6,965
Real estate and real estate joint ventures 1,217 65
Other limited partnership interests 365 287
Purchases and originations of:
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale (38,191) (41,239)
Equity securities (21) (96)
Mortgage loans (6,845) (7,466)
Real estate and real estate joint ventures (963) (641)
Other limited partnership interests (1,339) (710)
Cash received in connection with freestanding derivatives 1,510 4,111
Cash paid in connection with freestanding derivatives (4,885) (1,893)
Cash received from the redemption of an investment in affiliated preferred stock 315 —
Receipts on loans to affiliates — 251
Net change in policy loans 118 82
Net change in short-term investments (1,786) (427)
Net change in other invested assets 14 66
Net change in property, equipment and leasehold improvements 12 11
Other, net 5 21
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (2,235) (5,634)
Cash flows from financing activities
Policyholder account balances:
Deposits 61,556 60,692
Withdrawals (62,391) (56,937)
Net change in payables for collateral under securities loaned and other transactions 1,289 6,361
Long-term debt issued — 128
Long-term debt repaid (21) (93)
Financing element on certain derivative instruments and other derivative related transactions, net 173 (93)
Dividends paid to MetLife, Inc. (2,193) (2,007)
Other, net (27) (3)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities (1,614) 8,048
Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents balances (6) 1
Change in cash and cash equivalents (1,631) 4,357
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 11,337 8,927
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $ 9,706 $ 13,284
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Net cash paid (received) for:
Interest $ 57 $ 60
Income tax $ 410 $ 115
Non-cash transactions:
Capital contributions from MetLife, Inc. $ 3 $ 4
Real estate and real estate joint ventures acquired in satisfaction of debt $ 172 $ 9
Increase in equity securities due to in-kind distributions received from other limited partnership interests $ 243 $ 59
Increase in other invested assets in connection with an affiliated reinsurance transaction $ 822 $ —


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	2,637	$	2,224
Cash flows from investing activities
Sales, maturities and repayments of:
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	40,626		36,842
Equity securities	159		370
Mortgage loans	7,511		11,027
Real estate and real estate joint ventures	453		1,217
Other limited partnership interests	846		365
Purchases and originations of:
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale	(35,440)		(38,191)
Equity securities	(88)		(21)
Mortgage loans	(9,578)		(6,845)
Real estate and real estate joint ventures	(487)		(963)
Other limited partnership interests	(737)		(1,339)
Cash received in connection with freestanding derivatives	2,043		1,510
Cash paid in connection with freestanding derivatives	(2,966)		(4,885)
Cash received from the redemption of an investment in affiliated preferred stock	—		315

Purchases of loans to affiliates	(19)		—
Net change in policy loans	84		118
Net change in short-term investments	1,307		(1,786)
Net change in other invested assets	72		14
Net change in property, equipment and leasehold improvements	7		12
Other, net	14		5
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	3,807		(2,235)
Cash flows from financing activities
Policyholder account balances:
Deposits	69,678		61,556
Withdrawals	(65,450)		(62,391)
Net change in payables for collateral under securities loaned and other transactions	(7,271)		1,289

Long-term debt issued	4		—
Long-term debt repaid	(57)		(21)
Financing element on certain derivative instruments and other derivative related transactions, net	241		173

Dividends paid to MetLife, Inc.	(2,539)		(2,193)


Other, net	(17)		(27)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	(5,411)		(1,614)
Effect of change in foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents balances	(12)		(6)
Change in cash and cash equivalents	1,021		(1,631)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	9,957		11,337
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	10,978	$	9,706
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Net cash paid (received) for:
Interest	$	59	$	57
Income tax	$	220	$	410
Non-cash transactions:
Capital contributions from MetLife, Inc.	$	12	$	3
Real estate and real estate joint ventures acquired in satisfaction of debt	$	153	$	172


Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale received in connection with pension risk transfer transactions	$	7,450	$	—




Increase in equity securities due to in-kind distributions received from other limited partnership interests	$	75	$	243
Transfer of fixed maturity securities available-for-sale from an affiliate	$	139	$	—
Transfer of fixed maturity securities available-for-sale to an affiliate	$	328	$	—
Transfer of fair value option securities from an affiliate	$	186	$	—

Increase in other invested assets in connection with an affiliated reinsurance transaction	$	—	$	822

See accompanying notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

1. Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Business

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company and its subsidiaries (collectively, “MLIC” or the “Company”) is a provider of insurance, annuities, employee benefits and asset management and is organized into 2two segments: U.S. and MetLife Holdings. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MetLife, Inc. (MetLife, Inc., together with its subsidiaries and affiliates, “MetLife”).

Basis of Presentation

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to adopt accounting policies and make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported on the interim condensed consolidated financial statements. In applying these policies and estimates, management makes subjective and complex judgments that frequently require assumptions about matters that are inherently uncertain, including uncertainties associated with the ~~novel coronavirus~~ COVID-19 ~~pandemic (the “COVID-19 Pandemic”).~~pandemic. Many of these policies, estimates and related judgments are common in the insurance and financial services industries; others are specific to the Company’s business and operations. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and reflect all adjustments (including normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented in conformity with GAAP. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of full year performance. The December 31, ~~2020~~2021 consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited consolidated financial statements included in Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020~~2021 (the ~~“2020~~“2021 Annual Report”), which include all disclosures required by GAAP. Therefore, these interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of the Company included in the ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report.

Consolidation

The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company and its subsidiaries,~~MLIC, as well as partnerships and joint ventures in which the Company has ~~control,~~a controlling financial interest, and variable interest entities (“VIEs”) for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

The Company uses the equity method of accounting or the fair value option (“FVO”) for real estate joint ventures and other limited partnership interests (“investee”) when it has more than a minor ownership interest or more than a minor influence over the investee’s operations. The Company generally recognizes its share of the investee’s earnings in net investment income on a three-month lag in instances where the investee’s financial information is not sufficiently timely or when the investee’s reporting period differs from the Company’s reporting period.

Since the Company is a member of a controlled group of affiliated companies, its results may not be indicative of those of a stand-alone entity.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Changes to GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in the form of accounting standards updates (“ASUs”) to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs. The following tables provide a description of ~~new~~ ASUs recently issued by the FASB and the impact of ~~the~~their adoption on the Company’s interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

1. Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

~~Adoption of New~~Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

The table below describes the impacts of the ASUs recently adopted by the Company.


Standard	Description	Effective Date and Method of Adoption	Impact on Financial Statements
ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting; as clarified and amended by ASU 2021-01, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848):Scope	The ~~new~~ guidance provides optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. The expedients and exceptions provided by the amendments do not apply to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated after December 31, 2022, with certain exceptions. ASU 2021-01 amends the scope of the recent reference rate reform guidance. New optional expedients allow derivative instruments impacted by changes in the interest rate used for margining, discounting, or contract price alignment to qualify for certain optional relief.	Effective for contract modifications made between March 12, 2020 and December 31, 2022.	The ~~new~~ guidance ~~reduces~~has reduced the operational and financial impacts of contract modifications that replace a reference rate, such as London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”), affected by reference rate reform. ~~The~~ Contract modifications for invested assets and derivative instruments occurred during 2021 and have continued into 2022. Based on actions taken to date, the adoption of the ~~new~~ guidance ~~provides relief from current GAAP and is~~has not ~~expected to have~~had a material impact on the Company’s interim condensed consolidated financial statements. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material ongoing impact and will continue to evaluate the impacts of reference rate reform on contract modifications and hedging relationships through December 31, 2022.
ASU ~~2019-12,~~2021-10, ~~Income Taxes~~Government Assistance (Topic ~~740)~~832): ~~Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes~~Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance	The ~~new~~ guidance ~~simplifies~~requires entities to provide annual disclosures about transactions with a government that are accounted for by applying a grant or contribution accounting model by analogy and can include tax credits and other forms of government assistance. Entities are required to disclose information about (i) the nature of the transactions and the related accounting policy used to account for ~~income taxes by removing certain exceptions to~~ the ~~tax accounting guidance and providing clarification to other specific tax accounting guidance to eliminate variations in practice. Specifically, it removes~~transactions; (ii) the ~~exceptions related to~~line items on the ~~a) incremental approach for intraperiod tax allocation when there is a loss from continuing operations~~balance sheet and income ~~or a gain from other items, b) recognition of a deferred tax liability when foreign investment ownership changes from equity method investment to consolidated subsidiary~~statement that are affected by the transactions, including the associated amounts; and ~~vice versa~~(iii) the significant terms and ~~c) use of interim period tax accounting for year-to-date losses that exceed anticipated losses. The guidance also simplifies the application~~conditions of the ~~income tax guidance for franchise taxes that are partially based on income~~transactions, including commitments and the accounting for tax law changes during interim periods, clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in tax basis of goodwill, provides for the option to elect allocation of consolidated income taxes to entities disregarded by taxing authorities for their stand-alone reporting, and requires that an entity reflect the effect of an enacted change in tax laws or rates in the annual effective tax rate computation in the interim period that includes the enactment date.contingencies.	Effective for annual periods beginning January 1, ~~2021. The Company adopted, using a prospective approach.~~2022, to be applied prospectively.	The adoption of the ~~new~~ guidance ~~did~~will not have a material impact on the Company’s ~~interim condensed~~annual consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

1. Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)

Future Adoption of ~~New~~ Accounting Pronouncements

ASUs not listed below were assessed and either determined to be not applicable or are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s interim condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures. ASUs issued but not yet adopted as of September 30, ~~2021~~2022 that are currently being assessed and may or may not have a material impact on the Company’s interim condensed consolidated financial statements or disclosures are summarized in the table below.


Standard	Description	Effective Date and Method of Adoption	Impact on Financial Statements
ASU ~~2021-08,~~ ~~Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers~~	The new guidance indicates how to determine whether a contract liability is recognized by the acquirer in a business combination and provides specific guidance on how to recognize and measure acquired contract assets and contract liabilities from revenue contracts in a business combination.	~~January 1, 2023, to be applied prospectively (with early adoption permitted).~~	~~The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on its interim condensed consolidated financial statements.~~
~~ASU~~ 2018-12, Financial Services—Insurance (Topic 944): Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts, as amended by ASU 2019-09, Financial Services—Insurance (Topic 944): Effective Date, as amended by ASU 2020-11, Financial Services—Insurance (Topic 944): Effective Date and Early Application	The ~~new~~ guidance (i) prescribes the discount rate to be used in measuring the liability for future policy benefits for traditional and limited payment long-duration contracts, and requires assumptions for those liability valuations to be updated after contract inception, (ii) requires more market-based product guarantees (“market risk benefits”) on certain separate account and other account balance long-duration contracts to be accounted for at fair value, (iii) simplifies the amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs (“DAC”) for virtually all long-duration contracts, and (iv) introduces certain financial statement presentation requirements, as well as significant additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures. The amendments in ASU 2019-09 defer the effective date of ASU 2018-12 to January 1, 2022 for all entities, and the amendments in ASU 2020-11 further defer the effective date of ASU 2018-12 for an additional year to January 1, 2023 for all entities.	January 1, 2023, to be applied retrospectively to January 1, 2021 (with early adoption permitted). Estimated impacts from adoption as of the transition date of January 1, 2021 are measured using market assumptions appropriate as of that date. Such estimates do not reflect changes in market assumptions subsequent to January 1, 2021.	The Company’s implementation efforts and the evaluation of the impacts of the ~~new~~ guidance on its consolidated financial statements, as well as its systems, processes, and controls, continue to progress. Given the nature and extent of the required changes to a significant portion of the Company’s operations, the adoption of this guidance is expected to have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations, and ~~disclosures, as well as systems, processes, and controls.~~disclosures. The Company ~~expects to~~will adopt the ~~new~~ guidance effective January 1, ~~2023 using the~~2023. The modified retrospective approach will be used, except ~~for~~in regard to market risk benefits where the Company will use the full retrospective approach. ~~The~~Based upon these transition methods, the Company ~~continues~~currently estimates that the January 1, 2021 transition date impact from adoption is expected to ~~evaluate the impact~~result in a decrease to total equity in a range of ~~the new guidance on its interim condensed consolidated financial statements.~~approximately $16.0 billion to $18.5 billion, net of income tax. The ~~Company has created a governance framework and is managing a detailed implementation plan~~expected decrease in total equity includes the estimated impact to ~~support timely application~~Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”) which, as of the ~~new guidance.~~transition date, is expected to result in a decrease in a range of approximately $12.5 billion to $14.0 billion, net of income tax. The ~~Company has made progress~~most significant drivers of the expected decrease in AOCI are the anticipated impacts of the changes in the discount rates as of the transition date to be used in measuring the liability for future policy benefits for traditional and ~~continues~~limited payment contracts and the non-performance risk in the valuation of the Company’s market risk benefits. The expected decrease in AOCI is expected to ~~refine key accounting policy decisions, technology solutions and updates~~be partially offset by the removal of loss recognition balances recorded in AOCI related to ~~internal controls. These activities include, but are not limited to, modifications of actuarial valuation systems, data sourcing, analytical procedures and reporting processes.~~unrealized investment gains associated with certain long-duration products. The ~~most significant transition impacts are~~expected decrease in total equity also includes the estimated impact to retained earnings which, from adoption, is expected to ~~be from: (i)~~result in a decrease in a range of approximately $3.5 billion to $4.5 billion, net of income tax. This decrease results from the requirement to account for variable annuity guarantees as market risk benefits measured at fair value (except for the changes in fair value already recognized under an existing accounting model) and ~~(ii) adjustments~~other valuation impacts to ~~AOCI for the change in the current discount rate to be used in measuring~~ the liability for future policy ~~benefits for traditional and limited payment contracts and~~benefits. The changes in market conditions from January 1, 2021 to September 30, 2022 are estimated to cause the ~~removal~~initial transition date reduction in total equity (as discussed in the preceding paragraphs) to largely reverse as of ~~shadow account balances.~~September 30, 2022.

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

1. Business, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (continued)


Standard	Description	Effective Date and Method of Adoption	Impact on Financial Statements
ASU 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions	The amendments in this update clarify that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value. In addition, the amendments clarify that an entity cannot, as a separate unit of account, recognize and measure a contractual sale restriction. The amendments also require entities that hold equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions to make disclosures about the fair value of such equity securities, the nature and remaining duration of the restriction(s) and the circumstances that could cause a lapse in the restriction(s).	January 1, 2024, to be applied prospectively with any adjustments from the adoption of the amendments recognized in earnings and disclosed on the date of adoption (with early adoption permitted).	The Company is continuing to evaluate the impact of the guidance, and it does not expect the adoption of the guidance to have a material impact on its interim condensed consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2022-02, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures	The amendments in the new ASU eliminate the accounting guidance for troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) by creditors that have adopted the current expected credit loss guidance while enhancing disclosure requirements for certain loan refinancings and restructurings by creditors when a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty. In addition, the amendments require that a public business entity disclose current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investment in leases.	January 1, 2023, to be applied prospectively; however, for the transition method related to the recognition and measurement of TDRs, an entity can apply a modified retrospective transition method, resulting in a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings in the period of adoption. Entities are permitted to early adopt these amendments, including adoption in any interim period, provided that the amendments are adopted as of the beginning of the annual reporting period that includes the interim period of adoption. In addition, entities are permitted to elect to early adopt the amendments related to TDRs accounting and related disclosure enhancements separately from the amendments related to certain vintage disclosures.	The Company is continuing to evaluate the impact of the guidance and the alternative methods of adoption. Also, the Company is in the process of finalizing the updates to its loan administration systems, as well as updating its accounting policies and controls to comply with the new disclosure requirements. The Company does not expect the adoption of the guidance to have a material impact on its interim condensed consolidated financial statements.
ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers	The guidance indicates how to determine whether a contract liability is recognized by the acquirer in a business combination and provides specific guidance on how to recognize and measure acquired contract assets and contract liabilities from revenue contracts in a business combination.	January 1, 2023, to be applied prospectively (with early adoption permitted).	The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the guidance on its interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

1011

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

2. Segment Information

The Company is organized into 2two segments: U.S. and MetLife Holdings. In addition, the Company reports certain of its results of operations in Corporate & Other.

U.S.

The U.S. segment offers a broad range of protection products and services aimed at serving the financial needs of customers throughout their lives. These products are sold to corporations and their respective employees, other institutions and their respective members, as well as individuals. The U.S. segment is organized into two businesses: Group Benefits and Retirement and Income Solutions (“RIS”).

•The Group Benefits business offers products such as term, variable and universal life insurance, dental, group and individual disability ~~vision~~ and accident & health insurance.

•The RIS business offers a broad range of life and annuity-based insurance and investment products, including stable value and pension risk transfer products, institutional income annuities, structured settlements, benefit funding solutions and capital markets investment ~~products, as well as solutions for funding postretirement benefits and company-, bank- and trust-owned life insurance.~~products.

MetLife Holdings

The MetLife Holdings segment consists of operations relating to products and businesses that the Company no longer actively markets. These include variable, universal, term and whole life insurance, variable, fixed and index-linked annuities and long-term care insurance.

Corporate & Other

Corporate & Other contains various start-up, developing and run-off ~~businesses.~~businesses, including the Company’s ancillary non-U.S. operations. Also included in Corporate & Other are: the excess capital, as well as certain charges and activities, not allocated to the segments (including enterprise-wide strategic initiative restructuring charges), ~~the Company’s ancillary non-U.S. operations,~~ interest expense related to the majority of the Company’s outstanding debt, expenses associated with certain legal proceedings and income tax audit issues, and the elimination of intersegment amounts (which generally relate to affiliated reinsurance and intersegment loans, bearing interest rates commensurate with related borrowings).

Financial Measures and Segment Accounting Policies

Adjusted earnings is used by management to evaluate performance and allocate resources. Consistent with GAAP guidance for segment reporting, adjusted earnings is also the Company’s GAAP measure of segment performance and is reported below. Adjusted earnings should not be viewed as a substitute for net income (loss). The Company believes the presentation of adjusted earnings, as the Company measures it for management purposes, enhances the understanding of its performance by highlighting the results of operations and the underlying profitability drivers of the business.

Adjusted earnings is defined as adjusted revenues less adjusted expenses, net of income tax.

The financial measures of adjusted revenues and adjusted expenses focus on the Company’s primary businesses principally by excluding the impact of market volatility, which could distort trends, and revenues and costs related to non-core products and certain entities required to be consolidated under GAAP. Also, these measures exclude results of discontinued operations under GAAP and other businesses that have been or will be sold or exited by MLIC but do not meet the discontinued operations criteria under GAAP and are referred to as divested businesses. Divested businesses also include the net impact of transactions with exited businesses that have been eliminated in consolidation under GAAP and costs relating to businesses that have been or will be sold or exited by MLIC that do not meet the criteria to be included in results of discontinued operations under GAAP. Adjusted revenues also excludes net investment gains (losses) and net derivative gains (losses).

1112

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

2. Segment Information (continued)

The following additional adjustments are made to revenues, in the line items indicated, in calculating adjusted revenues:

•Universal life and investment-type product policy fees excludes the amortization of unearned revenue related to net investment gains (losses) and net derivative gains (losses) and certain variable annuity guaranteed minimum income benefits (“GMIBs”) fees (“GMIB fees”); and

•Net investment income: (i) includes adjustments for earned income on derivatives and amortization of premium on derivatives that are hedges of investments or that are used to replicate certain investments, but do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment, (ii) excludes post-tax adjusted earnings adjustments relating to insurance joint ventures accounted for under the equity method, (iii) excludes certain amounts related to securitization entities that are VIEs consolidated under GAAP and (iv) includes distributions of profits from certain other limited partnership interests that were previously accounted for under the cost method, but are now accounted for at estimated fair value, where the change in estimated fair value is recognized in net investment gains (losses) under GAAP.

The following additional adjustments are made to expenses, in the line items indicated, in calculating adjusted expenses:

•Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends excludes: (i) amortization of basis adjustments associated with de-designated fair value hedges of future policy benefits, (ii) changes in the policyholder dividend obligation related to net investment gains (losses) and net derivative gains (losses), (iii) amounts associated with periodic crediting rate adjustments based on the total return of a contractually referenced pool of assets and other pass-through adjustments, (iv) benefits and hedging costs related to GMIBs (“GMIB costs”) and (v) market value adjustments associated with surrenders or terminations of contracts (“Market value adjustments”);

•Interest credited to policyholder account balances includes adjustments for earned income on derivatives and amortization of premium on derivatives that are hedges of policyholder account balances but do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment;

•Amortization of DAC and value of business acquired (“VOBA”) excludes amounts related to: (i) net investment gains (losses) and net derivative gains (losses), (ii) GMIB fees and GMIB costs and (iii) Market value adjustments;

•Interest expense on debt excludes certain amounts related to securitization entities that are VIEs consolidated under GAAP; and

•Other expenses excludes: (i) noncontrolling interests, (ii) acquisition, integration and other costs, and (iii) goodwill impairments.

The tax impact of the adjustments mentioned above are calculated net of the U.S. or foreign statutory tax rate, which could differ from the Company’s effective tax rate. Additionally, the provision for income tax (expense) benefit also includes the impact related to the timing of certain tax credits, as well as certain tax reforms.

Set forth in the tables below is certain financial information with respect to the Company’s segments, as well as Corporate & Other, for thethree monthsand nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020.~~2021. The segment accounting policies are the same as those used to prepare the Company’s interim condensed consolidated financial statements, except for adjusted earnings adjustments as defined above. In addition, segment accounting policies include the method of capital allocation described below.

Economic capital is an internally developed risk capital model, the purpose of which is to measure the risk in the business and to provide a basis upon which capital is deployed. The economic capital model accounts for the unique and specific nature of the risks inherent in MetLife’s and the Company’s businesses.

MetLife’s economic capital model, coupled with considerations of local capital requirements, aligns segment allocated equity with emerging standards and consistent risk principles. The model applies statistics-based risk evaluation principles to the material risks to which the Company is exposed. These consistent risk principles include calibrating required economic capital shock factors to a specific confidence level and time horizon while applying an industry standard method for the inclusion of diversification benefits among risk types. MetLife’s management is responsible for the ongoing production and enhancement of the economic capital model and reviews its approach periodically to ensure that it remains consistent with emerging industry practice standards.

1213

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

2. Segment Information (continued)

Segment net investment income is credited or charged based on the level of allocated equity; however, changes in allocated equity do not impact the Company’s consolidated net investment income, net income (loss) or adjusted earnings.

Net investment income is based upon the actual results of each segment’s specifically identifiable investment portfolios adjusted for allocated equity. Other costs are allocated to each of the segments based upon: (i) a review of the nature of such costs; (ii) time studies analyzing the amount of employee compensation costs incurred by each segment; and (iii) cost estimates included in the Company’s product pricing.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 U.S. MetLife
Holdings Corporate
& Other Total Adjustments Total
Consolidated
(In millions)
Revenues
Premiums $ 5,058 $ 657 $ — $ 5,715 $ — $ 5,715
Universal life and investment-type product policy fees 267 219 — 486 20 506
Net investment income 1,889 1,587 7 3,483 (152) 3,331
Other revenues 217 53 98 368 — 368
Net investment gains (losses) — — — — 190 190
Net derivative gains (losses) — — — — 84 84
Total revenues 7,431 2,516 105 10,052 142 10,194
Expenses
Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends 5,317 1,349 — 6,666 116 6,782
Interest credited to policyholder account balances 346 166 — 512 — 512
Capitalization of DAC (15) 1 (2) (16) — (16)
Amortization of DAC and VOBA 25 63 — 88 11 99
Interest expense on debt 2 2 20 24 — 24
Other expenses 768 207 742 1,717 1 1,718
Total expenses 6,443 1,788 760 8,991 128 9,119
Provision for income tax expense (benefit) 207 148 (204) 151 2 153
Adjusted earnings $ 781 $ 580 $ (451) 910
Adjustments to:
Total revenues 142
Total expenses (128)
Provision for income tax (expense) benefit (2)
Net income (loss) $ 922 $ 922

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company~~

~~(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)~~

~~Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)~~

~~2. Segment Information (continued)~~

Three Months Ended September 30, 2020 U.S. MetLife
Holdings
Corporate
& Other
Total Adjustments
Total
Consolidated
(In millions)
Revenues
Premiums $ 4,578 $ 711 $ 1 $ 5,290 $ — $ 5,290
Universal life and investment-type product policy fees 256 217 — 473 21 494
Net investment income 1,673 1,279 (6) 2,946 (172) 2,774
Other revenues 209 58 144 411 — 411
Net investment gains (losses) — — — — 30 30
Net derivative gains (losses) — — — — (549) (549)
Total revenues 6,716 2,265 139 9,120 (670) 8,450
Expenses
Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends 4,509 1,398 — 5,907 233 6,140
Interest credited to policyholder account balances 367 172 — 539 (1) 538
Capitalization of DAC (11) 4 — (7) — (7)
Amortization of DAC and VOBA 17 162 — 179 65 244
Interest expense on debt 1 2 21 24 — 24
Other expenses 759 198 145 1,102 (3) 1,099
Total expenses 5,642 1,936 166 7,744 294 8,038
Provision for income tax expense (benefit) 228 64 (83) 209 (202) 7
Adjusted earnings $ 846 $ 265 $ 56 1,167
Adjustments to:
Total revenues (670)
Total expenses (294)
Provision for income tax (expense) benefit 202
Net income (loss) $ 405 $ 405


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021		U.S.		MetLife Holdings		Corporate & Other		Total		Adjustments		Total Consolidated
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022														Three Months Ended September 30, 2022	U.S.		MetLife Holdings		Corporate & Other		Total		Adjustments		Total Consolidated
		(In millions)													(In millions)
Revenues	Revenues													Revenues
Premiums	Premiums	$	15,955	$	2,016	$	—	$	17,971	$	—	$	17,971	Premiums	$	13,158	$	611	$	—	$	13,769	$	—	$	13,769
Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	828		668		—		1,496		59		1,555		Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	277		188		—		465		19		484
Net investment income	Net investment income	5,540		4,478		(22)		9,996		(444)		9,552		Net investment income	1,482		990		(62)		2,410		(150)		2,260
Other revenues	Other revenues	663		177		385		1,225		—		1,225		Other revenues	356		36		109		501		—		501
Net investment gains (losses)	Net investment gains (losses)	—		—		—		—		692		692		Net investment gains (losses)	—		—		—		—		(82)		(82)
Net derivative gains (losses)	Net derivative gains (losses)	—		—		—		—		(906)		(906)		Net derivative gains (losses)	—		—		—		—		454		454
Total revenues	Total revenues	22,986		7,339		363		30,688		(599)		30,089		Total revenues	15,273		1,825		47		17,145		241		17,386
Expenses	Expenses													Expenses
Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends	Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends	16,685		3,932		—		20,617		278		20,895		Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends	13,107		1,397		—		14,504		(207)		14,297
Interest credited to policyholder account balances	Interest credited to policyholder account balances	1,037		500		—		1,537		(2)		1,535		Interest credited to policyholder account balances	445		160		19		624		—		624
Capitalization of DAC	Capitalization of DAC	(44)		1		(2)		(45)		—		(45)		Capitalization of DAC	(21)		1		(38)		(58)		—		(58)
Amortization of DAC and VOBA	Amortization of DAC and VOBA	47		132		—		179		(8)		171		Amortization of DAC and VOBA	14		(24)		1		(9)		(110)		(119)
Interest expense on debt	Interest expense on debt	5		4		63		72		—		72		Interest expense on debt	3		2		22		27		—		27
Other expenses	Other expenses	2,377		638		1,010		4,025		(7)		4,018		Other expenses	883		199		483		1,565		3		1,568
Total expenses	Total expenses	20,107		5,207		1,071		26,385		261		26,646		Total expenses	14,431		1,735		487		16,653		(314)		16,339
Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	600		433		(353)		680		(170)		510		Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	175		15		(133)		57		117		174
Adjusted earnings	Adjusted earnings	$	2,279	$	1,699	$	(355)	3,623						Adjusted earnings	$	667	$	75	$	(307)	435
Adjustments to:	Adjustments to:													Adjustments to:
Total revenues	Total revenues							(599)						Total revenues							241
Total expenses	Total expenses							(261)						Total expenses							314
Provision for income tax (expense) benefit	Provision for income tax (expense) benefit							170						Provision for income tax (expense) benefit							(117)
Net income (loss)	Net income (loss)							$	2,933			$	2,933	Net income (loss)							$	873			$	873

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

2. Segment Information (continued)


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020		U.S.		MetLife Holdings		Corporate & Other		Total		Adjustments		Total Consolidated
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021														Three Months Ended September 30, 2021	U.S.		MetLife Holdings		Corporate & Other		Total		Adjustments		Total Consolidated
		(In millions)													(In millions)
Revenues	Revenues													Revenues
Premiums	Premiums	$	13,069	$	2,189	$	1	$	15,259	$	—	$	15,259	Premiums	$	5,058	$	657	$	—	$	5,715	$	—	$	5,715
Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	778		659		—		1,437		64		1,501		Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	267		219		—		486		20		506
Net investment income	Net investment income	4,646		3,302		(131)		7,817		(394)		7,423		Net investment income	1,889		1,587		7		3,483		(152)		3,331
Other revenues	Other revenues	638		152		397		1,187		—		1,187		Other revenues	217		53		98		368		—		368
Net investment gains (losses)	Net investment gains (losses)	—		—		—		—		(96)		(96)		Net investment gains (losses)	—		—		—		—		190		190
Net derivative gains (losses)	Net derivative gains (losses)	—		—		—		—		2,213		2,213		Net derivative gains (losses)	—		—		—		—		84		84
Total revenues	Total revenues	19,131		6,302		267		25,700		1,787		27,487		Total revenues	7,431		2,516		105		10,052		142		10,194
Expenses	Expenses													Expenses
Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends	Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends	13,176		4,250		—		17,426		310		17,736		Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends	5,317		1,349		—		6,666		116		6,782
Interest credited to policyholder account balances	Interest credited to policyholder account balances	1,210		518		—		1,728		(8)		1,720		Interest credited to policyholder account balances	346		166		—		512		—		512
Capitalization of DAC	Capitalization of DAC	(43)		13		—		(30)		—		(30)		Capitalization of DAC	(15)		1		(2)		(16)		—		(16)
Amortization of DAC and VOBA	Amortization of DAC and VOBA	44		235		—		279		52		331		Amortization of DAC and VOBA	25		63		—		88		11		99
Interest expense on debt	Interest expense on debt	5		5		65		75		—		75		Interest expense on debt	2		2		20		24		—		24
Other expenses	Other expenses	2,295		606		460		3,361		1		3,362		Other expenses	768		207		742		1,717		1		1,718
Total expenses	Total expenses	16,687		5,627		525		22,839		355		23,194		Total expenses	6,443		1,788		760		8,991		128		9,119
Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	520		127		(322)		325		301		626		Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	207		148		(204)		151		2		153
Adjusted earnings	Adjusted earnings	$	1,924	$	548	$	64	2,536						Adjusted earnings	$	781	$	580	$	(451)	910
Adjustments to:	Adjustments to:													Adjustments to:
Total revenues	Total revenues							1,787						Total revenues							142
Total expenses	Total expenses							(355)						Total expenses							(128)
Provision for income tax (expense) benefit	Provision for income tax (expense) benefit							(301)						Provision for income tax (expense) benefit							(2)
Net income (loss)	Net income (loss)							$	3,667			$	3,667	Net income (loss)							$	922			$	922


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022	U.S.		MetLife Holdings		Corporate & Other		Total		Adjustments		Total Consolidated
	(In millions)
Revenues
Premiums	$	23,492	$	1,855	$	—	$	25,347	$	—	$	25,347
Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	840		626		—		1,466		57		1,523
Net investment income	4,588		3,416		(76)		7,928		(400)		7,528
Other revenues	819		106		361		1,286		—		1,286
Net investment gains (losses)	—		—		—		—		(391)		(391)
Net derivative gains (losses)	—		—		—		—		980		980
Total revenues	29,739		6,003		285		36,027		246		36,273
Expenses
Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends	23,646		3,911		—		27,557		(450)		27,107
Interest credited to policyholder account balances	1,138		482		25		1,645		—		1,645
Capitalization of DAC	(56)		1		(65)		(120)		—		(120)
Amortization of DAC and VOBA	40		95		2		137		(82)		55
Interest expense on debt	6		5		65		76		—		76
Other expenses	2,567		590		963		4,120		5		4,125
Total expenses	27,341		5,084		990		33,415		(527)		32,888
Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	499		181		(305)		375		164		539
Adjusted earnings	$	1,899	$	738	$	(400)	2,237
Adjustments to:
Total revenues							246
Total expenses							527
Provision for income tax (expense) benefit							(164)
Net income (loss)							$	2,846			$	2,846

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

2. Segment Information (continued)


Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021	U.S.		MetLife Holdings		Corporate & Other		Total		Adjustments		Total Consolidated
	(In millions)
Revenues
Premiums	$	15,955	$	2,016	$	—	$	17,971	$	—	$	17,971
Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	828		668		—		1,496		59		1,555
Net investment income	5,540		4,478		(22)		9,996		(444)		9,552
Other revenues	663		177		385		1,225		—		1,225
Net investment gains (losses)	—		—		—		—		692		692
Net derivative gains (losses)	—		—		—		—		(906)		(906)
Total revenues	22,986		7,339		363		30,688		(599)		30,089
Expenses
Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends	16,685		3,932		—		20,617		278		20,895
Interest credited to policyholder account balances	1,037		500		—		1,537		(2)		1,535
Capitalization of DAC	(44)		1		(2)		(45)		—		(45)
Amortization of DAC and VOBA	47		132		—		179		(8)		171
Interest expense on debt	5		4		63		72		—		72
Other expenses	2,377		638		1,010		4,025		(7)		4,018
Total expenses	20,107		5,207		1,071		26,385		261		26,646
Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	600		433		(353)		680		(170)		510
Adjusted earnings	$	2,279	$	1,699	$	(355)	3,623
Adjustments to:
Total revenues							(599)
Total expenses							(261)
Provision for income tax (expense) benefit							170
Net income (loss)							$	2,933			$	2,933

The following table presents total assets with respect to the Company’s segments, as well as Corporate & Other, at:


		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020			September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
		(In millions)					(In millions)
U.S.	U.S.	$	258,016	$	262,478	U.S.	$	222,531	$	256,381
MetLife Holdings	MetLife Holdings	161,638		164,956		MetLife Holdings	133,791		161,614
Corporate & Other	Corporate & Other	28,481		30,173		Corporate & Other	30,526		28,562
Total	Total	$	448,135	$	457,607	Total	$	386,848	$	446,557

Revenues derived from one U.S. segment customer were $8.1 billion for both the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, which represented 55% and 29%, respectively, of consolidated premiums, universal life and investment-type product policy fees and other revenues. The revenue was from a single premium received for a pension risk transfer in the third quarter of 2022. Also, revenues derived from one U.S. segment customer were $896 million and $2.9 billion for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, which represented 14% and 14%, respectively, of consolidated premiums, universal life and investment-type product policy fees and other revenues. Revenues derived from any other customer did not exceed 10% of consolidated premiums, universal life and investment-type product policy fees and other revenues for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

3. Insurance

Guarantees

As discussed in Notes 1 and 3 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report, the Company issues directly and assumes through reinsurance variable annuity products with guaranteed minimum benefits. Guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits (“GMABs”), the non-life contingent portion of guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (“GMWBs”) and certain non-life contingent portions of GMIBs are accounted for as embedded derivatives in policyholder account balances and are further discussed in Note 6.

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

3. Insurance (continued)

The Company also issues other annuity contracts that apply a lower rate on funds deposited if the contractholder elects to surrender the contract for cash and a higher rate if the contractholder elects to annuitize. These guarantees include benefits that are payable in the event of death, maturity or at annuitization. Certain other annuity contracts contain guaranteed annuitization benefits that may be above what would be provided by the current account value of the contract. Additionally, the Company issues universal and variable life contracts where the Company contractually guarantees to the contractholder a secondary guarantee or a guaranteed paid-up benefit.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company~~

~~(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)~~

~~Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)~~

~~3. Insurance (continued)~~

Information regarding the Company’s guarantee exposure, which includes direct business, but excludes offsets from hedging or reinsurance, if any, was as follows at:


		September 30, 2021						December 31, 2020							September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
		In the Event of Death			At Annuitization			In the Event of Death			At Annuitization				In the Event of Death			At Annuitization			In the Event of Death			At Annuitization
		(Dollars in millions)													(Dollars in millions)
Annuity Contracts:	Annuity Contracts:													Annuity Contracts:
Variable Annuity Guarantees:	Variable Annuity Guarantees:													Variable Annuity Guarantees:
Total account value (1), (2)	Total account value (1), (2)	$	48,708		$	20,143		$	50,047		$	21,229		Total account value (1), (2)	$	36,100		$	14,185		$	48,868		$	20,140
Separate account value (1)	Separate account value (1)	$	39,566		$	19,328		$	40,583		$	20,368		Separate account value (1)	$	27,465		$	13,427		$	39,882		$	19,347
Net amount at risk	Net amount at risk	$	1,269	(3)	$	477	(4)	$	1,178	(3)	$	552	(4)	Net amount at risk	$	5,139	(3)	$	638	(4)	$	1,160	(3)	$	461	(4)
Average attained age of contractholders	Average attained age of contractholders	69 years			68 years			68 years			67 years			Average attained age of contractholders	69 years			69 years			69 years			66 years
Other Annuity Guarantees:	Other Annuity Guarantees:													Other Annuity Guarantees:
Total account value (1), (2)	Total account value (1), (2)	N/A			$	136		N/A			$	142		Total account value (1), (2)	N/A			$	135		N/A			$	135
Net amount at risk	Net amount at risk	N/A			$	71	(5)	N/A			$	74	(5)	Net amount at risk	N/A			$	66	(5)	N/A			$	70	(5)
Average attained age of contractholders	Average attained age of contractholders	N/A			55 years			N/A			55 years			Average attained age of contractholders	N/A			56 years			N/A			55 years


		September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020					September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
		Secondary Guarantees		Paid-Up Guarantees		Secondary Guarantees		Paid-Up Guarantees			Secondary Guarantees		Paid-Up Guarantees		Secondary Guarantees		Paid-Up Guarantees
		(Dollars in millions)									(Dollars in millions)
Universal and Variable Life Contracts:	Universal and Variable Life Contracts:									Universal and Variable Life Contracts:
Total account value (1), (2)	Total account value (1), (2)	$	5,804	$	835	$	5,607	$	861	Total account value (1), (2)	$	4,622	$	798	$	5,935	$	826
Net amount at risk (6)	Net amount at risk (6)	$	37,918	$	5,266	$	39,134	$	5,525	Net amount at risk (6)	$	37,546	$	4,929	$	37,482	$	5,181
Average attained age of policyholders	Average attained age of policyholders	59 years		65 years		58 years		65 years		Average attained age of policyholders	59 years		66 years		59 years		65 years

__________________

(1)The Company’s annuity and life contracts with guarantees may offer more than one type of guarantee in each contract. Therefore, the amounts listed above may not be mutually exclusive.

(2)Includes the ~~contractholder’s~~contractholders’ investments in the general account and separate account, if applicable.

(3)Defined as the death benefit less the total account value, as of the balance sheet date. It represents the amount of the claim that the Company would incur if death claims were filed on all contracts on the balance sheet date and includes any additional contractual claims associated with riders purchased to assist with covering income taxes payable upon death.

(4)Defined as the amount (if any) that would be required to be added to the total account value to purchase a lifetime income stream, based on current annuity rates, equal to the minimum amount provided under the guaranteed benefit. This amount represents the Company’s potential economic exposure to such guarantees in the event all contractholders were to annuitize on the balance sheet date, even though the contracts contain terms that allow annuitization of the guaranteed amount only after the 10th anniversary of the contract, which not all contractholders have achieved.

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

3. Insurance (continued)

(5)Defined as either the excess of the upper tier, adjusted for a profit margin, less the lower tier, as of the balance sheet date or the amount (if any) that would be required to be added to the total account value to purchase a lifetime income stream, based on current annuity rates, equal to the minimum amount provided under the guaranteed benefit. These amounts represent the Company’s potential economic exposure to such guarantees in the event all contractholders were to annuitize on the balance sheet date.

(6)Defined as the guarantee amount less the account value, as of the balance sheet date. It represents the amount of the claim that the Company would incur if death claims were filed on all contracts on the balance sheet date.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company~~

~~(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)~~

~~Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)~~

~~3. Insurance (continued)~~

Liabilities for Unpaid Claims and Claim Expenses

Rollforward of Claims and Claim Adjustment Expenses

Information regarding the liabilities for unpaid claims and claim adjustment expenses was as follows:


		Nine Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2021		2020			2022		2021
		(In millions)					(In millions)
Balance, beginning of period	Balance, beginning of period	$	13,523	$	13,140	Balance, beginning of period	$	15,059	$	13,523
Less: Reinsurance recoverables	Less: Reinsurance recoverables	1,639		1,525		Less: Reinsurance recoverables	2,263		1,639
Net balance, beginning of period	Net balance, beginning of period	11,884		11,615		Net balance, beginning of period	12,796		11,884
Incurred related to:	Incurred related to:					Incurred related to:
Current period	Current period	15,300		13,768		Current period	15,527		15,300
Prior periods (1)	Prior periods (1)	511		(71)		Prior periods (1)	378		511
Total incurred	Total incurred	15,811		13,697		Total incurred	15,905		15,811
Paid related to:	Paid related to:					Paid related to:
Current period	Current period	(10,249)		(9,502)		Current period	(10,018)		(10,249)
Prior periods	Prior periods	(4,785)		(3,905)		Prior periods	(5,226)		(4,785)
Total paid	Total paid	(15,034)		(13,407)		Total paid	(15,244)		(15,034)
Net balance, end of period	Net balance, end of period	12,661		11,905		Net balance, end of period	13,457		12,661
Add: Reinsurance recoverables	Add: Reinsurance recoverables	2,099		1,694		Add: Reinsurance recoverables	2,044		2,099
Balance, end of period (included in future policy benefits and other policy-related balances)	Balance, end of period (included in future policy benefits and other policy-related balances)	$	14,760	$	13,599	Balance, end of period (included in future policy benefits and other policy-related balances)	$	15,501	$	14,760

__________________

(1)~~For the~~The nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 include incurred claim activity and claim adjustment expenses associated with prior periods ~~increased due to unfavorable claims experience~~but reported in the respective current ~~period. For~~period, which contain impacts related to the ~~nine months ended September 30, 2020, incurred claim activity and claim adjustment expenses associated with prior periods decreased due to favorable claims experience reported~~COVID-19 pandemic, partially offset by additional premiums recorded for experience-rated contracts that are not reflected in the ~~current period.~~table above.

4. Closed Block

On April 7, 2000 (the “Demutualization Date”), Metropolitan Life Insurance Company converted from a mutual life insurance company to a stock life insurance company and became a wholly-owned subsidiary of MetLife, Inc. The conversion was pursuant to an order by the New York Superintendent of Insurance approving Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s plan of reorganization, as amended (the “Plan of Reorganization”). On the Demutualization Date, Metropolitan Life Insurance Company established a closed block for the benefit of holders of certain individual life insurance policies of Metropolitan Life Insurance Company.

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

4. Closed Block (continued)

Experience within the closed block, in particular mortality and investment yields, as well as realized and unrealized gains and losses, directly impact the policyholder dividend obligation. Amortization of the closed block DAC, which resides outside of the closed block, is based upon cumulative actual and expected earnings within the closed block. Accordingly, the Company’s net income continues to be sensitive to the actual performance of the closed block.

Closed block assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses are combined on a line-by-line basis with the assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses outside the closed block based on the nature of the particular item.

Information regarding the closed block liabilities and assets designated to the closed block was as follows at:


	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
	(In millions)
Closed Block Liabilities
Future policy benefits	$	37,385	$	38,046
Other policy-related balances	257		290
Policyholder dividends payable	219		253
Policyholder dividend obligation	—		1,682
Deferred income tax liability	—		210
Other liabilities	444		263
Total closed block liabilities	38,305		40,744
Assets Designated to the Closed Block
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale, at estimated fair value	19,515		25,669
Mortgage loans	6,624		6,417
Policy loans	4,096		4,191
Real estate and real estate joint ventures	604		565
Other invested assets	924		556
Total investments	31,763		37,398
Cash and cash equivalents	344		126
Accrued investment income	386		384
Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables	38		50
Current income tax recoverable	82		81
Deferred income tax asset	460		—
Total assets designated to the closed block	33,073		38,039
Excess of closed block liabilities over assets designated to the closed block	5,232		2,705
AOCI:
Unrealized investment gains (losses), net of income tax	(1,609)		2,562
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net of income tax	408		107
Allocated to policyholder dividend obligation, net of income tax	—		(1,329)
Total amounts included in AOCI	(1,201)		1,340
Maximum future earnings to be recognized from closed block assets and liabilities	$	4,031	$	4,045

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

4. Closed Block (continued)

Information regarding the closed block ~~liabilities and assets designated to the closed block was as follows at:~~

September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
(In millions)
Closed Block Liabilities
Future policy benefits $ 38,191 $ 38,758
Other policy-related balances 289 321
Policyholder dividends payable 299 337
Policyholder dividend obligation 1,952 2,969
Deferred income tax liability 175 130
Other liabilities 269 172
Total closed block liabilities 41,175 42,687
Assets Designated to the Closed Block
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities available-for-sale, at estimated fair value 25,977 27,186
Mortgage loans 6,441 6,807
Policy loans 4,235 4,355
Real estate and real estate joint ventures 575 559
Other invested assets 561 492
Total investments 37,789 39,399
Cash and cash equivalents 173 —
Accrued investment income 391 402
Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables 40 50
Current income tax recoverable 52 28
Total assets designated to the closed block 38,445 39,879
Excess of closed block liabilities over assets designated to the closed block 2,730 2,808
AOCI:
Unrealized investment gains (losses), net of income tax 2,730 3,524
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives, net of income tax 100 23
Allocated to policyholder dividend obligation, net of income tax (1,542) (2,346)
Total amounts included in AOCI 1,288 1,201
Maximum future earnings to be recognized from closed block assets and liabilities $ 4,018 $ 4,009

~~Information regarding the closed block~~ policyholder dividend obligation was as follows:

Nine Months
Ended
September 30, 2021 Year
Ended
December 31, 2020
(In millions)
Balance, beginning of period $ 2,969 $ 2,020
Change in unrealized investment and derivative gains (losses) (1,017) 949
Balance, end of period $ 1,952 $ 2,969

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company~~

~~(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)~~

~~Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)~~

~~4. Closed Block (continued)~~


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022		Year Ended December 31, 2021
	(In millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	1,682	$	2,969
Change in unrealized investment and derivative gains (losses)	(1,682)		(1,287)
Balance, end of period	$	—	$	1,682

Information regarding the closed block revenues and expenses was as follows:


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020			2022		2021		2022		2021
		(In millions)									(In millions)
Revenues	Revenues									Revenues
Premiums	Premiums	$	310	$	359	$	955	$	1,097	Premiums	$	267	$	310	$	816	$	955
Net investment income	Net investment income	390		420		1,165		1,198		Net investment income	326		390		1,039		1,165
Net investment gains (losses)	Net investment gains (losses)	(7)		1		(12)		(8)		Net investment gains (losses)	(4)		(7)		(52)		(12)
Net derivative gains (losses)	Net derivative gains (losses)	12		(16)		19		7		Net derivative gains (losses)	28		12		39		19
Total revenues	Total revenues	705		764		2,127		2,294		Total revenues	617		705		1,842		2,127
Expenses	Expenses									Expenses
Policyholder benefits and claims	Policyholder benefits and claims	522		575		1,588		1,714		Policyholder benefits and claims	459		522		1,404		1,588
Policyholder dividends	Policyholder dividends	127		136		478		572		Policyholder dividends	91		127		352		478
Other expenses	Other expenses	24		27		73		79		Other expenses	22		24		68		73
Total expenses	Total expenses	673		738		2,139		2,365		Total expenses	572		673		1,824		2,139
Revenues, net of expenses before provision for income tax expense (benefit)	Revenues, net of expenses before provision for income tax expense (benefit)	32		26		(12)		(71)		Revenues, net of expenses before provision for income tax expense (benefit)	45		32		18		(12)
Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	6		5		(3)		(15)		Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	10		6		4		(3)
Revenues, net of expenses and provision for income tax expense (benefit)	Revenues, net of expenses and provision for income tax expense (benefit)	$	26	$	21	$	(9)	$	(56)	Revenues, net of expenses and provision for income tax expense (benefit)	$	35	$	26	$	14	$	(9)

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company charges the closed block with federal income taxes, state and local premium taxes and other state or local taxes, as well as investment management expenses relating to the closed block as provided in the Plan of Reorganization. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company also charges the closed block for expenses of maintaining the policies included in the closed block.

1920

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments

Fixed Maturity Securities Available-for-Sale

Fixed Maturity Securities Available-for-Sale by Sector

The following table presents ~~the~~ fixed maturity securities available-for-sale (“AFS”) by sector. U.S. corporate and foreign corporate sectors include redeemable preferred stock. Residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”) includes agency, prime, alternative and sub-prime mortgage-backed securities. Asset-backed securities and collateralized loan obligations (“~~ABS”~~ABS & CLO”), previously disclosed as ABS in the 2021 Annual Report, includes securities collateralized by consumer loans, corporate loans and ~~consumer~~broadly syndicated bank loans. Municipals includes taxable and tax-exempt revenue bonds and, to a much lesser extent, general obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions. Commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) primarily includes securities collateralized by multiple commercial mortgage loans. RMBS, ABS & CLO and CMBS are, collectively, “Structured Products.”


		September 30, 2021										December 31, 2020											September 30, 2022										December 31, 2021
		Amortized Cost				Gross Unrealized				Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost				Gross Unrealized				Estimated Fair Value			Amortized Cost				Gross Unrealized				Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost				Gross Unrealized				Estimated Fair Value
Sector	Sector			Allowance for Credit Loss		Gains		Losses						Allowance for Credit Loss		Gains		Losses				Sector			Allowance for Credit Loss		Gains		Losses						Allowance for Credit Loss		Gains		Losses
		(In millions)																					(In millions)

U.S. corporate	U.S. corporate	$	51,037	$	(18)	$	7,674	$	137	$	58,556	$	50,989	$	(43)	$	9,618	$	155	$	60,409	U.S. corporate	$	55,430	$	(30)	$	432	$	5,729	$	50,103	$	51,328	$	(30)	$	7,257	$	153	$	58,402
U.S. government and agency																						U.S. government and agency	23,718		—		531		2,209		22,040		26,782		—		4,568		128		31,222
Foreign corporate	Foreign corporate	27,471		(10)		2,872		374		29,959		28,093		(8)		4,478		284		32,279		Foreign corporate	28,681		(3)		113		5,929		22,862		27,475		(10)		2,651		431		29,685
U.S. government and agency		28,093		—		4,338		111		32,320		24,620		—		6,178		27		30,771
RMBS	RMBS	22,069		—		1,386		85		23,370		22,552		—		1,706		32		24,226		RMBS	22,297		—		207		2,414		20,090		22,082		—		1,198		135		23,145
ABS		12,374		—		167		13		12,528		12,456		—		169		50		12,575
ABS & CLO																						ABS & CLO	12,450		—		11		889		11,572		12,787		—		127		35		12,879
Municipals	Municipals	6,870		—		1,838		5		8,703		6,888		—		2,096		1		8,983		Municipals	7,741		—		217		720		7,238		6,884		—		1,849		5		8,728
CMBS	CMBS	6,537		(7)		307		31		6,806		6,503		—		381		55		6,829		CMBS	6,532		(15)		3		582		5,938		6,686		(13)		237		32		6,878
Foreign government	Foreign government	4,311		—		735		65		4,981		4,322		—		978		32		5,268		Foreign government	3,965		(69)		136		461		3,571		4,330		—		698		82		4,946
Total fixed maturity securities AFS	Total fixed maturity securities AFS	$	158,762	$	(35)	$	19,317	$	821	$	177,223	$	156,423	$	(51)	$	25,604	$	636	$	181,340	Total fixed maturity securities AFS	$	160,814	$	(117)	$	1,650	$	18,933	$	143,414	$	158,354	$	(53)	$	18,585	$	1,001	$	175,885

The Company held non-income producing fixed maturity securities AFS with an estimated fair value of $107 million and $19 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, with unrealized gains (losses) of ($13) million and $10 million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

Maturities of Fixed Maturity Securities AFS

The amortized cost, net of allowance for credit loss (“ACL”), and estimated fair value of fixed maturity securities AFS, by contractual maturity date, were as follows at September 30, ~~2021:~~2022:


		Due in One Year or Less		Due After One Year Through Five Years		Due After Five Years Through Ten Years		Due After Ten Years		Structured Products		Total Fixed Maturity Securities AFS			Due in One Year or Less		Due After One Year Through Five Years		Due After Five Years Through Ten Years		Due After Ten Years		Structured Products		Total Fixed Maturity Securities AFS
		(In millions)													(In millions)
Amortized cost, net of ACL	Amortized cost, net of ACL	$	4,105	$	29,277	$	27,352	$	57,020	$	40,973	$	158,727	Amortized cost, net of ACL	$	3,091	$	26,418	$	28,564	$	61,360	$	41,264	$	160,697
Estimated fair value	Estimated fair value	$	4,095	$	30,406	$	30,446	$	69,572	$	42,704	$	177,223	Estimated fair value	$	2,878	$	24,706	$	25,593	$	52,637	$	37,600	$	143,414

Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities due to the exercise of call or prepayment options. Fixed maturity securities AFS not due at a single maturity date have been presented in the year of final contractual maturity. Structured Products are shown separately, as they are not due at a single maturity.

2021

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

Continuous Gross Unrealized Losses for Fixed Maturity Securities AFS by Sector

The following table presents the estimated fair value and gross unrealized losses of fixed maturity securities AFS in an unrealized loss position without an ACL by sector and aggregated by length of time that the securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position.

September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Less than 12 Months Equal to or Greater
than 12 Months Less than 12 Months Equal to or Greater
than 12 Months
Sector & Credit Quality Estimated
Fair
Value Gross
Unrealized
Losses Estimated
Fair
Value Gross
Unrealized
Losses Estimated
Fair
Value Gross
Unrealized
Losses Estimated
Fair
Value Gross
Unrealized
Losses
(Dollars in millions)
U.S. corporate $ 2,956 $ 68 $ 798 $ 68 $ 2,351 $ 112 $ 230 $ 36
Foreign corporate 4,128 260 621 114 2,431 225 34 59
U.S. government and agency 9,017 93 97 18 1,686 27 — —
RMBS 4,724 69 448 17 1,119 20 128 12
ABS 2,142 4 678 9 2,561 18 2,233 32
Municipals 173 4 17 1 51 1 — —
CMBS 848 11 345 12 1,110 41 306 14
Foreign government 405 26 127 38 110 6 115 27
Total fixed maturity securities AFS $ 24,393 $ 535 $ 3,131 $ 277 $ 11,419 $ 450 $ 3,046 $ 180
Investment grade $ 22,226 $ 449 $ 2,210 $ 192 $ 9,012 $ 297 $ 2,841 $ 158
Below investment grade 2,167 86 921 85 2,407 153 205 22
Total fixed maturity securities AFS $ 24,393 $ 535 $ 3,131 $ 277 $ 11,419 $ 450 $ 3,046 $ 180
Total number of securities in an
unrealized loss position 1,682 391 984 385


	September 30, 2022								December 31, 2021
	Less than 12 Months				Equal to or Greater than 12 Months				Less than 12 Months				Equal to or Greater than 12 Months
Sector & Credit Quality	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
	(Dollars in millions)

U.S. corporate	$	37,447	$	5,166	$	2,031	$	563	$	4,503	$	83	$	784	$	70
U.S. government and agency	13,035		1,846		1,560		363		10,063		78		523		49
Foreign corporate	18,150		4,744		2,774		1,185		4,079		199		1,348		232
RMBS	14,946		1,800		2,393		614		7,481		111		314		24
ABS & CLO	9,520		741		1,367		148		5,643		25		593		10
Municipals	3,980		701		49		19		154		4		17		1
CMBS	4,955		460		793		121		1,613		20		355		12
Foreign government	2,005		346		232		114		497		37		148		45
Total fixed maturity securities AFS	$	104,038	$	15,804	$	11,199	$	3,127	$	34,033	$	557	$	4,082	$	443
Investment grade	$	97,820	$	14,938	$	9,742	$	2,686	$	31,419	$	454	$	3,273	$	353
Below investment grade	6,218		866		1,457		441		2,614		103		809		90
Total fixed maturity securities AFS	$	104,038	$	15,804	$	11,199	$	3,127	$	34,033	$	557	$	4,082	$	443
Total number of securities in an unrealized loss position	12,614				1,284				2,549				427

Evaluation of Fixed Maturity Securities AFS for Credit Loss

Evaluation and Measurement Methodologies

Management considers a wide range of factors about the security issuer and uses its best judgment in evaluating the cause of the decline in the estimated fair value of the security and in assessing the prospects for near-term recovery. Inherent in management’s evaluation of the security are assumptions and estimates about the operations of the issuer and its future earnings potential. Considerations used in the credit loss evaluation process include, but are not limited to: (i) the extent to which the estimated fair value has been below amortized cost, (ii) adverse conditions specifically related to a security, an industry sector or sub-sector, or an economically depressed geographic area, adverse change in the financial condition of the issuer of the security, changes in technology, discontinuance of a segment of the business that may affect future earnings, and changes in the quality of credit enhancement, (iii) payment structure of the security and likelihood of the issuer being able to make payments, (iv) failure of the issuer to make scheduled interest and principal payments, (v) whether the issuer, or series of issuers or an industry has suffered a catastrophic loss or has exhausted natural resources, (vi) whether the Company has the intent to sell or will more likely than not be required to sell a particular security before the decline in estimated fair value below amortized cost recovers, (vii) with respect to Structured Products, changes in forecasted cash flows after considering the changes in the financial condition of the underlying loan obligors and quality of underlying collateral, expected prepayment speeds, current and forecasted loss severity, consideration of the payment terms of the underlying assets backing a particular security, and the payment priority within the tranche structure of the security, (viii) changes in the rating of the security by a rating agency, and (ix) other subjective factors, including concentrations and information obtained from regulators.

The methodology and significant inputs used to determine the amount of credit loss are as follows:

•The Company calculates the recovery value by performing a discounted cash flow analysis based on the present value of future cash flows. The discount rate is generally the effective interest rate of the security at the time of purchase for fixed-rate securities and the spot rate at the date of evaluation of credit loss for floating-rate securities.

2122

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

•When determining collectability and the period over which value is expected to recover, the Company applies considerations utilized in its overall credit loss evaluation process which incorporates information regarding the specific security, fundamentals of the industry and geographic area in which the security issuer operates, and overall macroeconomic conditions. Projected future cash flows are estimated using assumptions derived from management’s single best estimate, the most likely outcome in a range of possible outcomes, after giving consideration to a variety of variables that include, but are not limited to: payment terms of the security; the likelihood that the issuer can service the interest and principal payments; the quality and amount of any credit enhancements; the security’s position within the capital structure of the issuer; possible corporate restructurings or asset sales by the issuer; any private and public sector programs to restructure foreign government securities and municipals; and changes to the rating of the security or the issuer by rating agencies.

•Additional considerations are made when assessing the unique features that apply to certain Structured Products including, but not limited to: the quality of underlying collateral, historical performance of the underlying loan obligors, historical rent and vacancy levels, changes in the financial condition of the underlying loan obligors, expected prepayment speeds, current and forecasted loss severity, consideration of the payment terms of the underlying loans or assets backing a particular security, changes in the quality of credit enhancement and the payment priority within the tranche structure of the security.

With respect to securities that have attributes of debt and equity (“perpetual hybrid securities”), consideration is given in the credit loss analysis as to whether there has been any deterioration in the credit of the issuer and the likelihood of recovery in value of the securities that are in a severe unrealized loss position. Consideration is also given as to whether any perpetual hybrid securities with an unrealized loss, regardless of credit rating, have deferred any dividend payments.

In periods subsequent to the recognition of an initial ACL on a security, the Company reassesses credit loss quarterly. Subsequent increases or decreases in the expected cash flow from the security result in corresponding decreases or increases in the ACL which are ~~recorded~~recognized in earnings and reported within net investment gains (losses); however, the previously recorded ACL is not reduced to an amount below zero. Full or partial write-offs are deducted from the ACL in the period the security, or a portion thereof, is considered uncollectible. Recoveries of amounts previously written off are recorded to the ACL in the period received. When the Company has the ~~intent to sell~~intent-to-sell the security or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost, any ACL is written off and the amortized cost is written down to estimated fair value through a charge within net investment gains (losses), which becomes the new amortized cost of the security.

Evaluation of Fixed Maturity Securities AFS in an Unrealized Loss Position

Gross unrealized losses on securities without an ACL increased ~~$182 million~~$17.9 billion for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 to ~~$812 million~~$18.9 billion primarily due to increases in interest rates, ~~partially offset by narrowing~~widening credit ~~spreads.~~spreads, and the impact of weakening foreign currencies on certain non-functional currency denominated fixed maturity securities.

Gross unrealized losses on securities without an ACL that have been in a continuous gross unrealized loss position for 12 months or greater ~~were $277 million~~were $3.1 billion at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, or ~~34%~~17% of the total gross unrealized losses on securities without an ACL.

Investment Grade Fixed Maturity Securities AFS

2223

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

Below Investment Grade Fixed Maturity Securities AFS

Of the ~~$277 million~~$3.1 billion of gross unrealized losses on securities without an ACL that have been in a continuous gross unrealized loss position for 12 months or greater, ~~$85~~$441 million, or ~~31%~~14%, were related to ~~104~~232 below investment grade securities. Unrealized losses on below investment grade securities are principally related to ~~U.S.~~foreign corporate and ~~foreign~~U.S. corporate securities (primarily industrial and consumer) ~~and CMBS~~ and are the result of significantly wider credit spreads resulting from higher risk premiums since purchase, largely due to economic and market uncertainty, as well as with respect to fixed-rate securities, rising interest rates since purchase. Management evaluates U.S. corporate and foreign corporate securities based on several factors such as expected cash flows, financial condition and near-term and long-term prospects of the issuers. Management evaluates CMBS based on actual and projected cash flows after considering the quality of underlying collateral, credit enhancements, expected prepayment speeds, current and forecasted loss severity, the payment terms of the underlying assets backing a particular security and the payment priority within the tranche structure of the security.

Current Period Evaluation

At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, with respect to securities in an unrealized loss position without an ACL, the Company did not intend to sell these securities, and it was not more likely than not that the Company would be required to sell these securities before the anticipated recovery of the remaining amortized cost. Based on the Company’s current evaluation of its securities in an unrealized loss position without an ACL, the Company concluded ~~that~~that these securities had not incurred a credit loss and should not have an ACL at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022.

Future provisions for credit loss will depend primarily on economic fundamentals, issuer performance (including changes in the present value of future cash flows expected to be collected), changes in credit ratings and collateral valuation.

~~Mortgage Loans~~

~~Mortgage Loans~~Rollforward of Allowance for Credit Loss for Fixed Maturity Securities AFS by ~~Portfolio Segment~~

~~Mortgage loans are summarized as follows at:~~

September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Portfolio Segment Carrying
Value % of
Total Carrying
Value % of
Total
(Dollars in millions)
Commercial $ 36,868 59.2 % $ 38,528 58.0 %
Agricultural 15,904 25.5 16,426 24.7
Residential 9,872 15.9 11,803 17.8
Total amortized cost 62,644 100.6 66,757 100.5
Allowance for credit loss (490) (0.8) (517) (0.8)
Subtotal mortgage loans, net 62,154 99.8 66,240 99.7
Residential — FVO 134 0.2 165 0.3
Total mortgage loans, net $ 62,288 100.0 % $ 66,405 100.0 %
Sector

The ~~Company elects the FVO~~rollforward of ACL for ~~certain residential mortgage loans that are managed on a total return basis. See Note 7 for further information.~~fixed maturity securities AFS by sector is as follows:

The amount of net discounts, included within total amortized cost, primarily attributable to residential mortgage loans was $769 million and $924 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The accrued interest income excluded from total amortized cost for commercial, agricultural and residential mortgage loans at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020 was $150 million and $164 million; $126 million and $158 million; and $83 million and $101 million, respectively.


	U.S. Corporate		Foreign Corporate		CMBS		Foreign Government		Total
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022	(In millions)
Balance, at beginning of period	$	27	$	7	$	13	$	77	$	124
Additions:
ACL not previously recorded	—		1		2		—		3
Reductions:
Changes for securities with previously recorded ACL	3		—		—		(8)		(5)
Securities sold or exchanged	—		(5)		—		—		(5)
Write-offs	—		—		—		—		—
Balance, at end of period	$	30	$	3	$	15	$	69	$	117
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance, at beginning of period	$	39	$	14	$	6	$	—	$	59
Additions:
ACL not previously recorded	18		—		—		—		18
Reductions:
Changes for securities with previously recorded ACL	—		(2)		1		—		(1)
Securities sold or exchanged	(26)		(2)		—		—		(28)
Write-offs	(13)		—		—		—		(13)
Balance, at end of period	$	18	$	10	$	7	$	—	$	35

2324

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)


	U.S. Corporate		Foreign Corporate		CMBS		Foreign Government		Total
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022	(In millions)
Balance, at beginning of period	$	30	$	10	$	13	$	—	$	53
Additions:
ACL not previously recorded	13		12		2		104		131
Changes for securities with previously recorded ACL	17		3		—		(15)		5
Reductions:
Securities sold or exchanged	(8)		(22)		—		(20)		(50)
Write-offs	(22)		—		—		—		(22)
Balance, at end of period	$	30	$	3	$	15	$	69	$	117
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance, at beginning of period	$	43	$	8	$	—	$	—	$	51
Additions:
ACL not previously recorded	18		12		9		—		39
Reductions:
Changes for securities with previously recorded ACL	3		(5)		(2)		—		(4)
Securities sold or exchanged	(33)		(5)		—		—		(38)
Write-offs	(13)		—		—		—		(13)
Balance, at end of period	$	18	$	10	$	7	$	—	$	35

Mortgage Loans

Mortgage Loans by Portfolio Segment

Mortgage loans are summarized as follows at:


	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
Portfolio Segment	Carrying Value		% of Total		Carrying Value		% of Total
	(Dollars in millions)
Commercial	$	37,038	60.1	%	$	35,772	59.4	%
Agricultural	15,668		25.4		15,450		25.7
Residential	9,289		15.1		9,406		15.6
Total amortized cost	61,995		100.6		60,628		100.7
Allowance for credit loss	(392)		(0.6)		(536)		(0.9)
Subtotal mortgage loans, net	61,603		100.0		60,092		99.8
Residential — FVO	—		—		127		0.2
Total mortgage loans held-for-investment, net	61,603		100.0		60,219		100.0

Total mortgage loans, net	$	61,603	100.0	%	$	60,219	100.0	%

The Company elects the FVO for certain residential mortgage loans that are managed on a total return basis, with changes in estimated fair value included in net investment income. See Note 7 for further information.

The amount of net (discounts) premiums and deferred (fees) expenses, included within total amortized cost, primarily attributable to residential mortgage loans was ($656) million and ($736) million at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The accrued interest income excluded from total amortized cost for commercial, agricultural and residential mortgage loans at September 30, 2022 was $161 million, $127 million and $68 million, respectively. The accrued interest income excluded from total amortized cost for commercial, agricultural and residential mortgage loans at December 31, 2021 was $140 million, $136 million and $77 million, respectively.

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

Purchases of mortgage loans, consisting primarily of residential mortgage loans, were $182 million and $1.3 billion for the three months andnine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $262 million and $1.1 billion for the three months andnine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~respectively, and $204 million and $1.4 billion for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020,~~ respectively. See “— Related Party Investment Transactions” for information regarding transfers of mortgage loans from affiliates.

Rollforward of Allowance for Credit Loss ~~Rollforward~~for Mortgage Loans by Portfolio Segment

The ~~changes in the~~rollforward of ACL for mortgage loans, by portfolio segment, ~~were~~is as follows:


		Nine Months Ended September 30,																	Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2021								2020									2022								2021
		Commercial		Agricultural		Residential		Total		Commercial		Agricultural		Residential		Total			Commercial		Agricultural		Residential		Total		Commercial		Agricultural		Residential		Total
		(In millions)																	(In millions)
Balance, beginning of period	Balance, beginning of period	$	199	$	97	$	221	$	517	$	186	$	49	$	54	$	289	Balance, beginning of period	$	260	$	79	$	197	$	536	$	199	$	97	$	221	$	517
Provision (release)	Provision (release)	18		1		(34)		(15)		64		3		10		77		Provision (release)	(8)		48		(77)		(37)		18		1		(34)		(15)
Adoption of credit loss guidance		—		—		—		—		(87)		32		154		99
Initial credit losses on PCD loans (1)	Initial credit losses on PCD loans (1)	—		—		3		3		—		—		16		16		Initial credit losses on PCD loans (1)	—		—		—		—		—		—		3		3
Charge-offs, net of recoveries	Charge-offs, net of recoveries	—		(13)		(2)		(15)		—		(2)		(27)		(29)		Charge-offs, net of recoveries	(83)		(22)		(2)		(107)		—		(13)		(2)		(15)
Balance, end of period	Balance, end of period	$	217	$	85	$	188	$	490	$	163	$	82	$	207	$	452	Balance, end of period	$	169	$	105	$	118	$	392	$	217	$	85	$	188	$	490

~~__________________~~________________

(1)Represents the initial credit losses on purchased mortgage loans accounted for as purchased financial assets with credit deterioration (“PCD”).

Allowance for Credit Loss Methodology

The Company records an allowance for expected lifetime credit loss in earnings within net investment gains (losses) in an amount that represents the portion of the amortized cost basis of mortgage loans that the Company does not expect to collect, resulting in mortgage loans being presented at the net amount expected to be collected. In determining the Company’s ACL, ~~management:~~management applies significant judgment to estimate expected lifetime credit loss, including: (i) ~~pools~~pooling mortgage loans that share similar risk characteristics, (ii) ~~considers~~considering expected lifetime credit loss over the contractual term of its mortgage loans adjusted for expected prepayments and any extensions, and (iii) ~~considers~~considering past events and current and forecasted economic conditions. Each of the Company’s commercial, agricultural and residential mortgage loan portfolio segments are evaluated separately. The ACL is calculated for each mortgage loan portfolio segment based on inputs unique to each loan portfolio segment. On a quarterly basis, mortgage loans within a portfolio segment that share similar risk characteristics, such as internal risk ratings or consumer credit scores, are pooled for calculation of ACL. On an ongoing basis, mortgage loans with dissimilar risk characteristics (i.e., loans with significant declines in credit quality), collateral dependent mortgage loans (i.e., when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, including when foreclosure is reasonably possible or probable) and reasonably expected ~~troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”)~~TDRs (i.e., the Company grants concessions to borrower that is experiencing financial difficulties) are evaluated individually for credit loss. The ACL for loans evaluated individually are established using the same methodologies for all three portfolio segments. For example, the ACL for a collateral dependent loan is established as the excess of amortized cost over the estimated fair value of the loan’s underlying collateral, less selling cost when foreclosure is probable. Accordingly, the change in the estimated fair value of collateral dependent loans, which are evaluated individually for credit loss, is recorded as a change in the ACL which is recorded on a quarterly basis as a charge or credit to earnings in net investment gains (losses).

2426

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

Commercial and Agricultural Mortgage Loan Portfolio Segments

Commercial and agricultural mortgage loan ACL are calculated in a similar manner. Within each loan portfolio segment, commercial and agricultural, loans are pooled by internal risk rating. Estimated lifetime loss rates, which vary by internal risk rating, are applied to the amortized cost of each loan, excluding accrued investment income, on a quarterly basis to develop the ACL. Internal risk ratings are based on an assessment of the loan’s credit quality, which can change over time. The estimated lifetime loss rates are based on several loan portfolio segment-specific factors, including (i) the Company’s experience with defaults and loss severity, (ii) expected default and loss severity over the forecast period, (iii) current and forecasted economic conditions including growth, inflation, interest rates and unemployment levels, (iv) loan specific characteristics including loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratios, and (v) internal risk ratings. These evaluations are revised as conditions change and new information becomes available. The Company uses its several decades of historical default and loss severity experience which capture multiple economic cycles. The Company uses a forecast of economic assumptions for a two-year period for most of its commercial and agricultural mortgage loans, while a one-year period is used for loans originated in certain markets. After the applicable forecast period, the Company reverts to its historical loss experience using a straight-line basis over two years. For evaluations of commercial mortgage loans, in addition to historical experience, management considers factors that include the impact of a rapid change to the economy, which may not be reflected in the loan portfolio, recent loss and recovery trend experience as compared to historical loss and recovery experience, and loan specific characteristics including debt service coverage ratios (“DSCR”). In estimating expected lifetime credit loss over the term of its commercial mortgage loans, the Company adjusts for expected prepayment and extension experience during the forecast period using historical prepayment and extension experience considering the expected position in the economic cycle and the loan profile (i.e., floating rate, shorter-term fixed rate and longer-term fixed rate) and after the forecast period using long-term historical prepayment experience. For evaluations of agricultural mortgage loans, in addition to historical experience, management considers factors that include increased stress in certain sectors, which may be evidenced by higher delinquency rates, or a change in the number of higher risk loans. In estimating expected lifetime credit loss over the term of its agricultural mortgage loans, the Company’s experience is much less sensitive to the position in the economic cycle and by loan profile; accordingly, historical prepayment experience is used, while extension terms are not prevalent with the Company’s agricultural mortgage loans.

Commercial mortgage loans are reviewed on an ongoing basis, which review includes, but is not limited to, an analysis of the property financial statements and rent roll, lease rollover analysis, property inspections, market analysis, estimated valuations of the underlying collateral, LTV ratios, DSCR and tenant creditworthiness. The monitoring process focuses on higher risk loans, which include those that are classified as restructured, delinquent or in foreclosure, as well as loans with higher LTV ratios and lower DSCR. Agricultural mortgage loans are reviewed on an ongoing basis, which review includes, but is not limited to, property inspections, market analysis, estimated valuations of the underlying collateral, LTV ratios and borrower creditworthiness, as well as reviews on a geographic and property-type basis. The monitoring process for agricultural mortgage loans also focuses on higher risk loans.

For commercial mortgage loans, the primary credit quality indicator is the DSCR, which compares a property’s net operating income to amounts needed to service the principal and interest due under the loan. Generally, the lower the DSCR, the higher the risk of experiencing a credit loss. The Company also reviews the LTV ratio of its commercial mortgage loan portfolio. LTV ratios compare the unpaid principal balance of the loan to the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral. Generally, the higher the LTV ratio, the higher the risk of experiencing a credit loss. The DSCR and the values utilized in calculating the ratio are updated routinely. In addition, the LTV ratio is routinely updated for all but the lowest risk loans as part of the Company’s ongoing review of its commercial mortgage loan portfolio.

For agricultural mortgage loans, the Company’s primary credit quality indicator is the LTV ratio. The values utilized in calculating this ratio are developed in connection with the ongoing review of the agricultural mortgage loan portfolio and are routinely updated.

2527

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

Commitments to lend: After loans are approved, the Company makes commitments to lend and, typically, borrowers draw down on some or all of the commitments. The timing of mortgage loan funding is based on the commitment expiration dates. A liability for credit loss for unfunded commercial and agricultural mortgage loan commitments that are not unconditionally cancellable is ~~recorded~~recognized in earnings and is reported within net investment gains (losses). The liability is based on estimated lifetime loss rates as described above and the amount of the outstanding commitments, which for lines of credit, considers estimated utilization rates. When the commitment is funded or expires, the liability is adjusted accordingly.

Residential Mortgage Loan Portfolio Segment

The Company’s residential mortgage loan portfolio is comprised primarily of purchased closed end, amortizing residential mortgage loans, including both performing loans purchased within 12 months of origination and reperforming loans purchased after they have been performing for at least 12 months post-modification. Residential mortgage loans are pooled by loan type (i.e., new origination and reperforming) and pooled by similar risk profiles (including consumer credit score and LTV ratios). Estimated lifetime loss rates, which vary by loan type and risk profile, are applied to the amortized cost of each loan excluding accrued investment income on a quarterly basis to develop the ACL. The estimated lifetime loss rates are based on several factors, including (i) industry historical experience and expected results over the forecast period for defaults, (ii) loss severity, (iii) prepayment rates, (iv) current and forecasted economic conditions including growth, inflation, interest rates and unemployment levels, and (v) loan pool specific characteristics including consumer credit scores, LTV ratios, payment history and home prices. These evaluations are revised as conditions change and new information becomes available. The Company uses industry historical experience which captures multiple economic cycles as the Company has purchased most of its residential mortgage loans in the last five years. The Company uses a forecast of economic assumptions for a two-year period for most of its residential mortgage loans. After the applicable forecast period, the Company immediately reverts to industry historical loss experience.

For residential mortgage loans, the Company’s primary credit quality indicator is whether the loan is performing or nonperforming. The Company generally defines nonperforming residential mortgage loans as those that are 60 or more days past due and/or in nonaccrual status which is assessed monthly. Generally, nonperforming residential mortgage loans have a higher risk of experiencing a credit loss.

~~Mortgage Loan Concessions~~Troubled Debt Restructuring

~~In response~~The Company may grant concessions to borrowers experiencing financial difficulties and if significant, these concessions are classified as TDRs. Generally, the ~~adverse economic impact~~types of concessions include: reduction of contractual interest rates, extension of the ~~COVID-19 Pandemic,~~maturity date at an interest rate lower than current market interest rates, and/or a reduction of accrued interest. The amount, timing and extent of the concessions granted are considered in ~~2021~~determining any ACL recorded.

For the three months and ~~2020,~~nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company ~~granted concessions to certain of its commercial, agricultural~~had one and residential mortgage loan borrowers, including payment deferrals and other loan modifications. The Company has elected the option under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 and the Interagency Statement on Loan Modifications and Reporting for Financial Institutions Working with Customers Affected by the Coronavirus (Revised) issued by bank regulatory agencies, not to account for or report qualifying concessions as TDRs and not to classify such loans as either past due or nonaccrual during the payment deferral period. Additionally, in accordance with the FASB’s published response to a COVID-19 Pandemic technical inquiry, the Company continues to accrue interest income on such loans that have deferred payment. The Company records an ACL on this accrued interest income.

~~Commercial~~

~~For some~~two commercial mortgage ~~loan borrowers (principally~~loans modified in ~~the retail~~a TDR, respectively, with both pre-modification and ~~hotel sectors), the Company granted concessions which were primarily interest~~post-modification carrying value, after ACL, of $31 million and ~~principal payment deferrals generally ranging from three to four months and, to a much lesser extent, maturity date extensions. Deferred~~$123 million, respectively.

Credit Quality of Mortgage Loans by Portfolio Segment

The amortized cost of commercial mortgage ~~loan interest~~loans by credit quality indicator and ~~principal payments were $35 million~~vintage year was as follows at September 30, ~~2021.~~

~~Agricultural~~

For some agricultural mortgage loan borrowers (principally in the annual crops and agribusiness sectors), the Company granted concessions which were primarily principal payment deferrals generally ranging from three to 12 months, and covenant changes and, to a much lesser extent, maturity date extensions. Deferred agricultural mortgage loan interest and principal payments were $4 million at September 30, 2021.2022:

2628

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

~~Residential~~

For some residential mortgage loan borrowers, the Company granted concessions which were primarily three-month interest and principal payment deferrals. Deferred residential mortgage loan interest and principal payments were $24 million at September 30, 2021.

~~Credit Quality of Mortgage Loans by Portfolio Segment~~

~~The amortized cost of commercial mortgage loans by credit quality indicator and vintage year was as follows at September 30, 2021:~~


Credit Quality Indicator	Credit Quality Indicator	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans		Total		% of Total		Credit Quality Indicator	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans		Total		% of Total
		(Dollars in millions)																			(Dollars in millions)
LTV ratios:	LTV ratios:																			LTV ratios:
Less than 65%	Less than 65%	$	2,094	$	2,809	$	2,678	$	3,788	$	2,859	$	9,677	$	2,332	$	26,237	71.2	%	Less than 65%	$	2,872	$	3,309	$	2,285	$	3,347	$	3,551	$	10,813	$	2,756	$	28,933	78.1	%
65% to 75%	65% to 75%	747		1,107		2,355		1,375		812		1,940		—		8,336		22.6		65% to 75%	1,412		903		612		996		769		1,418		—		6,110		16.5
76% to 80%	76% to 80%	47		—		189		—		165		407		—		808		2.2		76% to 80%	—		—		18		252		223		204		—		697		1.9
Greater than 80%	Greater than 80%	5		—		—		48		459		975		—		1,487		4.0		Greater than 80%	142		39		—		43		90		984		—		1,298		3.5
Total	Total	$	2,893	$	3,916	$	5,222	$	5,211	$	4,295	$	12,999	$	2,332	$	36,868	100.0	%	Total	$	4,426	$	4,251	$	2,915	$	4,638	$	4,633	$	13,419	$	2,756	$	37,038	100.0	%
DSCR:	DSCR:																			DSCR:
> 1.20x	> 1.20x	$	2,626	$	3,489	$	4,935	$	5,075	$	3,835	$	11,349	$	2,064	$	33,373	90.5	%	> 1.20x	$	4,108	$	3,819	$	2,709	$	4,502	$	4,156	$	11,526	$	2,756	$	33,576	90.6	%
1.00x - 1.20x	1.00x - 1.20x	26		69		9		58		148		810		—		1,120		3.0		1.00x - 1.20x	285		235		18		9		152		803		—		1,502		4.1
<1.00x	<1.00x	241		358		278		78		312		840		268		2,375		6.5		<1.00x	33		197		188		127		325		1,090		—		1,960		5.3
Total	Total	$	2,893	$	3,916	$	5,222	$	5,211	$	4,295	$	12,999	$	2,332	$	36,868	100.0	%	Total	$	4,426	$	4,251	$	2,915	$	4,638	$	4,633	$	13,419	$	2,756	$	37,038	100.0	%

The amortized cost of agricultural mortgage loans by credit quality indicator and vintage year was as follows at September 30, ~~2021:~~2022:


Credit Quality Indicator	Credit Quality Indicator	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans		Total		% of Total		Credit Quality Indicator	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans		Total		% of Total
		(Dollars in millions)																			(Dollars in millions)
LTV ratios:	LTV ratios:																			LTV ratios:
Less than 65%	Less than 65%	$	753	$	2,316	$	1,803	$	2,453	$	922	$	5,174	$	871	$	14,292	89.8	%	Less than 65%	$	1,603	$	1,474	$	1,928	$	1,516	$	2,103	$	4,331	$	1,133	$	14,088	89.9	%
65% to 75%	65% to 75%	229		341		135		57		36		577		104		1,479		9.3		65% to 75%	144		228		296		180		51		491		40		1,430		9.1
76% to 80%	76% to 80%	—		—		—		—		—		11		—		11		0.1		76% to 80%	—		—		—		—		—		12		—		12		0.1
Greater than 80%	Greater than 80%	—		—		76		—		—		46		—		122		0.8		Greater than 80%	—		—		14		76		—		44		4		138		0.9
Total	Total	$	982	$	2,657	$	2,014	$	2,510	$	958	$	5,808	$	975	$	15,904	100.0	%	Total	$	1,747	$	1,702	$	2,238	$	1,772	$	2,154	$	4,878	$	1,177	$	15,668	100.0	%

The amortized cost of residential mortgage loans by credit quality indicator and vintage year was as follows at September 30, ~~2021:~~2022:


Credit Quality Indicator	Credit Quality Indicator	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior		Revolving Loans		Total		% of Total		Credit Quality Indicator	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior		Revolving Loans		Total		% of Total
		(Dollars in millions)																			(Dollars in millions)
Performance indicators:	Performance indicators:																			Performance indicators:
Performing	Performing	$	28	$	215	$	971	$	566	$	223	$	7,457	$	—	$	9,460	95.8	%	Performing	$	740	$	703	$	158	$	619	$	341	$	6,282	$	—	$	8,843	95.2	%
Nonperforming (1)	Nonperforming (1)	—		1		47		11		1		352		—		412		4.2		Nonperforming (1)	2		3		4		37		12		388		—		446		4.8
Total	Total	$	28	$	216	$	1,018	$	577	$	224	$	7,809	$	—	$	9,872	100.0	%	Total	$	742	$	706	$	162	$	656	$	353	$	6,670	$	—	$	9,289	100.0	%

__________________

(1)Includes residential mortgage loans in process of foreclosure of ~~$73~~$142 million and ~~$102~~$69 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

LTV ratios compare the unpaid principal balance of the loan to the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral. ~~At September 30, 2021, the~~The amortized cost of commercial and agricultural mortgage loans with an LTV ratio in excess of 100% was ~~$686~~$565 million, or1% of total commercial and agricultural mortgage ~~loans.~~loans, at September 30, 2022.

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Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

Past Due and Nonaccrual Mortgage Loans

The Company has a high quality, well performing mortgage loan portfolio, with 99% of all mortgage loans classified as performing at both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. The Company defines delinquency consistent with industry practice, when mortgage loans are past due more than two or more months, as applicable, by portfolio segment. The past due and nonaccrual mortgage loans at amortized cost, prior to ACL, by portfolio segment, were as follows:


		Past Due				Greater than 90 Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest				Nonaccrual					Past Due				Greater than 90 Days Past Due and Still Accruing Interest				Nonaccrual
Portfolio Segment	Portfolio Segment	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020		Portfolio Segment	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
		(In millions)													(In millions)
Commercial	Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	151	$	293	Commercial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	142	$	146
Agricultural	Agricultural	156		251		3		20		251		261		Agricultural	115		124		27		16		207		225
Residential	Residential	412		516		2		54		415		503		Residential	446		418		2		—		449		418
Total	Total	$	568	$	767	$	5	$	74	$	817	$	1,057	Total	$	561	$	542	$	29	$	16	$	798	$	789

The amortized cost for nonaccrual commercial, agricultural and residential mortgage loans at beginning of year ~~2020~~2021 was ~~$167~~$293 million, ~~$137~~$261 million and ~~$377~~$503 million, ~~respectively. The amortized cost for nonaccrual commercial mortgage loans with no ACL was $0 and $156 million at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020,~~ respectively. The amortized cost for nonaccrual agricultural mortgage loans with no ACL was ~~$168~~$88 million and ~~$173~~$134 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. There were no nonaccrual commercial or residential mortgage loans without an ACL at either September 30, ~~2021~~2022 or December 31, ~~2020.~~

2021.

Real Estate and Real Estate Joint Ventures

The Company’s real estate investment portfolio is diversified by property type, geography and income stream, including income from operating leases, operating income and equity in earnings from equity method real estate joint ventures. Real estate investments, by income type, as well as income earned, were as follows at and for the periods indicated:


		September 30, 2021			December 31, 2020			Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,							September 30, 2022			December 31, 2021		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
							2021			2020			2021			2020							2022			2021		2022		2021
Income Type	Income Type			Carrying Value						Income										Income Type				Carrying Value				Income
		(In millions)																			(In millions)
Leased real estate investments		$	1,934		$	1,965		$	53		$	47		$	160		$	140
Other real estate investments		454			418			53			37			133			86
Wholly-owned real estate:																			Wholly-owned real estate:
Leased real estate																			Leased real estate		$	1,763		$	1,934	$	47	$	53	$	151	$	160
Other real estate																			Other real estate		478			473		88		53		184		133
Real estate joint ventures	Real estate joint ventures	5,489			5,095			70			(43)			107			(63)		Real estate joint ventures		5,977			5,466		49		70		281		107
Total real estate and real estate joint ventures	Total real estate and real estate joint ventures	$	7,877		$	7,478		$	176		$	41		$	400		$	163	Total real estate and real estate joint ventures		$	8,218		$	7,873	$	184	$	176	$	616	$	400

The carrying value of wholly-owned real estate ~~investments~~ acquired through foreclosure was ~~$181~~$173 million and ~~$18~~$180 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. Depreciation expense on real estate investments was $22 million and $64 million for the three months andnine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $22 million and $65 million for the three months andnine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~respectively, and $19 million and $54 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020,~~ respectively. Real estate investments were net of accumulated depreciation of ~~$559~~$634 million and ~~$789~~$581 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

2830

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

Leases

Leased Real Estate Investments - Operating Leases

The Company, as lessor, leases investment real estate, principally commercial real estate for office and retail use, through a variety of operating lease arrangements, which typically include tenant reimbursement for property operating costs and options to renew or extend the lease. In some circumstances, leases may include an option for the lessee to purchase the property. In addition, certain leases of retail space may stipulate that a portion of the income earned is contingent upon the level of the tenants’ revenues. The Company has elected a practical expedient of not separating non-lease components related to reimbursement of property operating costs from associated lease components. These property operating costs have the same timing and pattern of transfer as the related lease component, because they are incurred over the same period of time as the operating lease. Therefore, the combined component is accounted for as a single operating lease. Risk is managed through lessee credit analysis, property type diversification, and geographic diversification.

See Note 7 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report for a summary of leased real estate investments and income earned, by property type.

Leveraged and Direct Financing Leases

The Company has diversified leveraged ~~lease~~ and direct financing lease portfolios. Its leveraged leases principally include renewable energy generation facilities, rail cars, commercial real estate and commercial aircraft, and its direct financing leases principally include renewable energy generation facilities. These assets are leased through a variety of lease arrangements, which may include options to renew or extend the lease and options for the lessee to purchase the property. Residual values are estimated using available third-party data at inception of the lease. Risk is managed through lessee credit analysis, asset allocation, geographic diversification, and ongoing reviews of estimated residual values, using available third-party ~~data and, in certain leases, linking the amount of future rental receipts to changes in inflation rates.~~data. Generally, estimated residual values are not guaranteed by the lessee or a ~~third-party.~~third party.

Lease receivables are generally due in periodic installments. The payment periods for leveraged leases generally range from one to 1110 years, but in certain circumstances can be over 1110 years, while the payment periods for direct financing leases generally range from one to 1612 years.

The Company records an allowance for expected lifetime credit loss in earnings within net investment gains (losses) in an amount that represents the portion of the investment in leases that the Company does not expect to collect, resulting in the investment in leases being presented at the net amount expected to be collected. In determining the ACL, ~~management:~~management applies significant judgment to estimate expected lifetime credit loss, including: (i) ~~pools~~pooling leases that share similar risk characteristics, (ii) ~~considers~~considering expected lifetime credit loss over the contractual term of the lease, and (iii) ~~considers~~considering past events and current and forecasted economic conditions. Leases with dissimilar risk characteristics are evaluated individually for credit loss. Expected lifetime credit loss on leveraged and direct financing lease receivables is estimated using a probability of default and loss given default model, where the probability of default incorporates ~~third-party~~third party credit ratings of the lessee and the related historical default data. The Company also assesses the non-guaranteed residual values for recoverability by comparison to the current estimated fair value of the leased asset and considers other relevant market information such as independent third-party forecasts, consulting, asset brokerage and investment banking reports and data, comparable market transactions, and factors such as the competitive dynamics impacting specific industries, technological change and obsolescence, government and regulatory rules, tax policy, potential environmental liabilities and litigation.

The investment in leveraged and direct financing leases, net of ACL, was ~~$803~~$795 million and ~~$167~~$128 million, respectively, at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~$816~~$787 million and ~~$176~~$137 million, respectively, at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. The ACL for leveraged and direct financing leases was ~~$35~~$26 million and ~~$38~~$32 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

~~Cash Equivalents~~Other Invested Assets

~~The carrying value~~See Note 1 of ~~cash equivalents,~~the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the 2021 Annual Report for further information about Other Invested Assets, which includes securities accounted for under the FVO (“FVO Securities”) and ~~other investments with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase,~~ ~~was $5.4 billion~~equity securities.

FVO Securities and ~~$6.8 billion at September 30, 2021~~Equity Securities

The following table presents FVO Securities and ~~December 31, 2020, respectively.~~equity securities by security type. Common stock includes common stock and mutual funds.

2931

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Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)



	September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Cost		Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) (1)		Estimated Fair Value		Cost		Net Unrealized Gains (Losses) (1)		Estimated Fair Value
Security Type
			(In millions)
FVO Securities	$	704	$	111	$	815	$	598	$	250	$	848

Equity securities
Common stock	$	83	$	42	$	125	$	88	$	32	$	120
Non-redeemable preferred stock	122		(7)		115		107		(1)		106
Total equity securities	$	205	$	35	$	240	$	195	$	31	$	226

__________________

(1)Represents cumulative changes in estimated fair value, recognized in earnings, and not in other comprehensive income (loss) (“OCI”).

Cash Equivalents

Cash equivalents, which includes securities and other investments with an original or remaining maturity of three months or less at the time of purchase, was $5.9 billion and $4.7 billion, principally at estimated fair value, at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

Net Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses)

Unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturity securities AFS and derivatives and the effect on policyholder liabilities, DAC, VOBA and deferred sales inducements (“DSI”) that would result from the realization of the unrealized gains (losses), are included in net unrealized investment gains (losses) in AOCI.

The components of net unrealized investment gains (losses), included in AOCI, were as follows:


		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020			September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
		(In millions)					(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities AFS	Fixed maturity securities AFS	$	18,494	$	24,954	Fixed maturity securities AFS	$	(17,233)	$	17,586

Derivatives	Derivatives	2,250		2,259		Derivatives	3,181		2,370
Other	Other	334		235		Other	420		377
Subtotal	Subtotal	21,078		27,448		Subtotal	(13,632)		20,333
Amounts allocated from:	Amounts allocated from:					Amounts allocated from:
Policyholder liabilities	Policyholder liabilities	(6,178)		(10,572)		Policyholder liabilities	55		(5,962)

DAC, VOBA and DSI	DAC, VOBA and DSI	(1,360)		(1,511)		DAC, VOBA and DSI	1,403		(1,357)
Subtotal	Subtotal	(7,538)		(12,083)		Subtotal	1,458		(7,319)

Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	(2,778)		(3,190)		Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	2,645		(2,657)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	$	10,762	$	12,175	Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	$	(9,529)	$	10,357

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

The changes in net unrealized investment gains (losses) were as follows:


	Nine Months Ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022
	(In millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	~~12,175~~10,357


Unrealized investment gains (losses) during the period	~~(6,370)~~(33,965)
Unrealized investment gains (losses) relating to:
Policyholder liabilities	~~4,394~~6,017

DAC, VOBA and DSI	~~151~~2,760

Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	~~412~~5,302


Balance, end of period	$	~~10,762~~ (9,529)
Change in net unrealized investment gains (losses)	$	~~(1,413)~~(19,886)

Concentrations of Credit Risk

There were no investments in any counterparty that were greater than 10% of the Company’s equity, other than the U.S. government and its agencies, at both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

Securities Lending Transactions and Repurchase Agreements

Securities, Collateral and Reinvestment Portfolio

A summary of these transactions and agreements accounted for as secured borrowings was as follows:


	September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
	Securities (1)						Securities (1)
Agreement Type	Estimated Fair Value		Cash Collateral Received from Counterparties (2)		Reinvestment Portfolio at Estimated Fair Value		Estimated Fair Value		Cash Collateral Received from Counterparties (2)		Reinvestment Portfolio at Estimated Fair Value
	(In millions)
Securities lending	$	7,894	$	8,095	$	7,882	$	14,689	$	14,977	$	15,116
Repurchase agreements	$	3,160	$	3,125	$	3,043	$	3,416	$	3,325	$	3,357

__________________

(1)These securities were included within fixed maturity securities AFS and short-term investments at September 30, 2022 and within fixed maturity securities AFS at December 31, 2021.

(2)The liability for cash collateral is included within payables for collateral under securities loaned and other transactions.

3033

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

~~Securities Lending and Repurchase Agreements~~

~~Securities, Collateral and Reinvestment Portfolio~~

~~A summary of the outstanding securities lending and repurchase agreements is as follows:~~

September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Securities (1) Securities (1)
Agreement Type Estimated Fair Value Cash Collateral Received from Counterparties (2) Reinvestment Portfolio at Estimated
Fair Value Estimated Fair Value Cash Collateral Received from Counterparties (2) Reinvestment Portfolio at Estimated
Fair Value
(In millions)
Securities lending $ 14,615 $ 14,924 $ 14,965 $ 13,289 $ 13,566 $ 13,739
Repurchase agreements $ 3,518 $ 3,460 $ 3,470 $ 3,276 $ 3,210 $ 3,251

~~__________________~~

~~(1)Securities on loan in connection with these programs are included within fixed maturity securities AFS and short-term investments.~~

~~(2)The liability for cash collateral for these programs is included within payables for collateral under securities loaned and other transactions and other liabilities.~~

Contractual Maturities

~~A summary of the remaining contractual~~Contractual maturities of ~~securities lending~~these transactions and ~~repurchase~~ agreements isaccounted for as secured borrowings were as follows:


		September 30, 2021								December 31, 2020												September 30, 2022											December 31, 2021
		Remaining Maturities									Remaining Maturities												Remaining Maturities												Remaining Maturities
Security Type	Security Type	Open (1)		1 Month or Less		Over 1 Month to 6 Months		Total				Open (1)		1 Month or Less		Over 1 Month to 6 Months				Total				Security Type	Open (1)		1 Month or Less		Over 1 Month to 6 Months		Over 6 Months to 1 Year		Total			Open (1)		1 Month or Less		Over 1 Month to 6 Months		Over 6 Months to 1 Year		Total
		(In millions)																(In millions)
Cash collateral liability by loaned security type:
Cash collateral liability by security type:																			Cash collateral liability by security type:
Securities lending:	Securities lending:																							Securities lending:
U.S. government and agency	U.S. government and agency	$	4,148	$	6,090	$	4,686	$	14,924			$	1,705	$	8,768	$	3,093			$	13,566			U.S. government and agency	$	927	$	4,393	$	2,775	$	—	$	8,095		$	3,996	$	5,279	$	5,702	$	—	$	14,977

Repurchase agreements:	Repurchase agreements:																							Repurchase agreements:
U.S. government and agency	U.S. government and agency	$	—	$	3,460	$	—	$	3,460			$	—	$	3,210	$	—			$	3,210			U.S. government and agency	$	—	$	3,125	$	—	$	—	$	3,125		$	—	$	3,325	$	—	$	—	$	3,325

__________________

(1)The related ~~loaned~~ security could be returned to the Company on the next business day, which would require the Company to immediately return the cash collateral.

If the Company is required to return significant amounts of cash collateral on short notice and is forced to sell ~~securities~~investments to meet the return obligation, it may have difficulty selling such collateral that is invested in ~~securities in~~ a timely manner, be forced to sell ~~securities~~investments in a volatile or illiquid market for less than what otherwise would have been realized under normal market conditions, or both.

The securities lending and repurchase agreements reinvestment portfolios consist principally of high quality, liquid, publicly-traded fixed maturity securities AFS, short-term investments, cash equivalents or cash. If the securities ~~on loan~~ or the reinvestment portfolio become less liquid, liquidity resources within the general account are available to meet any potential cash demands when securities ~~on loan~~ are put back by the counterparty.

Invested Assets on Deposit and Pledged as Collateral

Invested assets on deposit and pledged as collateral are presented below at estimated fair value for all asset classes, except mortgage loans, which are presented at carrying value and were as follows at:


	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
	(In millions)
Invested assets on deposit (regulatory deposits)	$	97	$	118
Invested assets pledged as collateral (1)	21,519		20,390
Total invested assets on deposit and pledged as collateral	$	21,616	$	20,508

__________________

(1)The Company has pledged invested assets in connection with various agreements and transactions, including funding agreements, secured debt (see Notes 3 and 11 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the 2021 Annual Report) and derivative transactions (see Note 6).

See “— Securities Lending Transactions and Repurchase Agreements” for information regarding securities supporting securities lending transactions and repurchase agreements and Note 4 for information regarding investments designated to the closed block. In addition, the Company’s investment in Federal Home Loan Bank common stock, included within other invested assets, which is considered restricted until redeemed by the issuer, was $698 million and $718 million, at redemption value, at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

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Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
(In millions)
Invested assets on deposit (regulatory deposits) $ 117 $ 123
Invested assets pledged as collateral (1) 20,999 22,405
Total invested assets on deposit and pledged as collateral $ 21,116 $ 22,528

~~__________________~~

~~(1)~~The Company has pledged invested assets in connection with various agreements and transactions, including funding agreements, secured debt (see Notes 3 and 11 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the 2020 Annual Report) and derivative transactions (see Note 6).

See “— Securities Lending and Repurchase Agreements” for information regarding securities supporting securities lending and repurchase agreement transactions and Note 4 for information regarding investments designated to the closed block. In addition, the Company’s investment in Federal Home Loan Bank common stock, which is considered restricted until redeemed by the issuer, was $740 million and $765 million, at redemption value, at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

Variable Interest Entities

The Company has invested in legal entities that are VIEs. In certain instances, the Company holds both the power to direct the most significant activities of the entity, as well as an economic interest in the entity and, as such, is deemed to be the primary beneficiary or consolidator of the entity. The determination of the VIE’s primary beneficiary requires an evaluation of the contractual and implied rights and obligations associated with each party’s relationship with or involvement in the ~~entity, an estimate of the entity’s expected losses and expected residual returns and the allocation of such estimates to each party involved in the~~ entity.

Consolidated VIEs

Creditors or beneficial interest holders of VIEs where the Company is the primary beneficiary have no recourse to the general credit of the Company, as the Company’s obligation to the VIEs is limited to the amount of its committed investment.

The following table presents the total assets and total liabilities relating to ~~investment-related~~investment related VIEs for which the Company has concluded that it is the primary beneficiary and which are consolidated at:


		September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020					September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
Asset Type	Asset Type	Total Assets		Total Liabilities		Total Assets		Total Liabilities		Asset Type	Total Assets		Total Liabilities		Total Assets		Total Liabilities
		(In millions)									(In millions)
Real estate joint ventures (1)	Real estate joint ventures (1)	$	1,127	$	—	$	1,435	$	—	Real estate joint ventures (1)	$	1,017	$	—	$	1,094	$	—
Investment fund (primarily mortgage loans) (2)		218		—		201		—
Other investments (3)		101		—		4		5
Renewable energy partnership (4)		85		—		87		—
Investment funds (primarily mortgage loans) (2)										Investment funds (primarily mortgage loans) (2)	151		—		226		—
Other (primarily other invested assets)										Other (primarily other invested assets)	98		—		101		—
Renewable energy partnership (primarily other invested assets)										Renewable energy partnership (primarily other invested assets)	78		—		79		—
Total	Total	$	1,531	$	—	$	1,727	$	5	Total	$	1,344	$	—	$	1,500	$	—

__________________

(1) The Company’s investment in affiliated real estate joint ventures was ~~$1.0 billion~~$907 million and ~~$1.3~~$1.0 billion at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. Other affiliates’ investments in these affiliated real estate joint ventures were ~~$124~~$110 million and ~~$130~~$112 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

(2)The Company’s investment in ~~this~~ affiliated investment ~~fund~~funds was ~~$178~~$124 million and ~~$164~~$187 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. ~~An affiliate had an investment~~Other affiliates’ investments in ~~this~~these affiliated investment ~~fund of $40~~funds were $27 million and ~~$37~~$39 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

~~(3)Assets of other investments primarily consisted of other invested assets at September 30, 2021, and cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2020.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company~~

~~(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)~~

~~Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)~~

~~5. Investments (continued)~~

~~(4)Assets of the renewable energy partnership primarily consisted of other invested assets.~~

Unconsolidated VIEs

The carrying amount and maximum exposure to loss relating to VIEs in which the Company holds a significant variable interest but is not the primary beneficiary and which have not been consolidated were as follows at:


		September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020					September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
Asset Type	Asset Type	Carrying Amount		Maximum Exposure to Loss (1)		Carrying Amount		Maximum Exposure to Loss (1)		Asset Type	Carrying Amount		Maximum Exposure to Loss (1)		Carrying Amount		Maximum Exposure to Loss (1)
		(In millions)									(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities AFS (2)	Fixed maturity securities AFS (2)	$	43,263	$	43,263	$	43,708	$	43,708	Fixed maturity securities AFS (2)	$	35,907	$	35,907	$	43,653	$	43,653

Other limited partnership interests	Other limited partnership interests	7,543		10,659		5,247		8,589		Other limited partnership interests	7,410		9,871		8,005		11,057
Other invested assets	Other invested assets	1,488		1,704		1,436		1,517		Other invested assets	1,368		1,589		1,605		1,815
Real estate joint ventures	Real estate joint ventures	99		101		18		21		Real estate joint ventures	211		213		97		100
Total	Total	$	52,393	$	55,727	$	50,409	$	53,835	Total	$	44,896	$	47,580	$	53,360	$	56,625

__________________

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

(1)The maximum exposure to loss relating to fixed maturity securities AFS is equal to their carrying amounts or the carrying amounts of retained interests. The maximum exposure to loss relating to other limited partnership interests and real estate joint ventures is equal to the carrying amounts plus any unfunded commitments. For certain of its investments in other invested assets, the Company’s return is in the form of income tax credits which are guaranteed by creditworthy ~~third-parties.~~third parties. For such investments, the maximum exposure to loss is equal to the carrying amounts plus any unfunded commitments, reduced by income tax credits guaranteed by ~~third-parties~~third parties of $3$6 million and $5 million at ~~both~~ September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021, respectively. Such a maximum loss would be expected to occur only upon bankruptcy of the issuer or investee.

(2)For variable interests in Structured Products included within fixed maturity securities AFS, the Company’s involvement is limited to that of a passive investor in mortgage-backed or asset-backed securities issued by trusts that do not have substantial equity.

As described in Note 11, the Company makes commitments to fund partnership investments in the normal course of business. Excluding these commitments, the Company did not provide financial or other support to investees designated as VIEs for either the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 or ~~2020.~~2021.

Net Investment Income

The composition of net investment income by asset type was as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
Asset Type	2022		2021		2022		2021
	(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities AFS	$	1,627	$	1,520	$	4,671	$	4,574
Equity securities	7		2		9		14
Mortgage loans	654		643		1,872		2,015
Policy loans	72		72		216		221
Real estate and real estate joint ventures	184		176		616		400
Other limited partnership interests	(153)		992		444		2,569
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments	44		2		59		7
FVO Securities	(40)		4		(182)		65
Operating joint venture	9		12		51		45
Other	101		73		355		118
Subtotal investment income	2,505		3,496		8,111		10,028
Less: Investment expenses	245		165		583		476




Net investment income	$	2,260	$	3,331	$	7,528	$	9,552

3336

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

Net ~~Investment Income~~

~~The components of net~~ investment income ~~were as follows:~~included realized and unrealized gains (losses) recognized in earnings of ($24) million and ($85) million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $43 million and $134 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. The amount includes realized gains (losses) on sales and disposals, primarily related to Residential - FVO mortgage loans and FVO Securities, of ($3) million and ($7) million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $0 and $22 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively. The amount also includes unrealized gains (losses), representing changes in estimated fair value, recognized in earnings, primarily related to real estate joint ventures and FVO Securities, of ($21) million and ($78) million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $43 million and $112 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively.

Three Months
Ended
September 30, Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
Asset Type 2021 2020 2021 2020
(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities AFS $ 1,520 $ 1,635 $ 4,574 $ 4,929
Equity securities 2 5 14 19
Mortgage loans 643 711 2,015 2,134
Policy loans 72 77 221 230
Real estate and real estate joint ventures 176 41 400 163
Other limited partnership interests 992 370 2,569 194
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments 2 11 7 72
FVO securities (1) 4 19 65 21
Operating joint venture 12 20 45 67
Other 73 38 118 134
Subtotal investment income 3,496 2,927 10,028 7,963
Less: Investment expenses 165 153 476 540
Net investment income $ 3,331 $ 2,774 $ 9,552 $ 7,423

~~__________________~~

~~(1)~~Changes in estimated fair value subsequent to purchase of equity-linked notes included within FVO ~~securities,~~Securities, still held at the end of the respective periods and included in net investment income were ($40) million and ($187) million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $1 million and $41 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~respectively, and $18 million and $20 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020,~~ respectively.

See “— Related Party Investment Transactions” for discussion of affiliated net investment income and investment expenses.

Net investment income from equity method investments, comprised primarily of real estate joint ventures, other limited partnership interests, tax credit and renewable energy partnerships and an operating joint venture, ~~totaled~~was ($145) million and $660 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $1.1 billion and $2.6 billion for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~respectively, and $301 million and $17 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020,~~ respectively.

3437

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

Net Investment Gains (Losses)

~~Components of~~ Net Investment Gains (Losses) by Asset Type and Transaction Type

The ~~components~~composition of net investment gains (losses) ~~were~~by asset type and transaction type was as follows:


			Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
Asset Type	Asset Type		2021		2020		2021		2020		Asset Type		2022		2021		2022		2021
		(In millions)										(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities AFS	Fixed maturity securities AFS		$	43	$	17	$	14	$	(68)	Fixed maturity securities AFS		$	(167)	$	43	$	(825)	$	14

Equity securities ~~(1)~~	Equity securities ~~(1)~~		(11)		(17)		34		(114)		Equity securities ~~(1)~~		(1)		(11)		3		34

Mortgage loans	Mortgage loans		5		6		21		(131)		Mortgage loans		15		5		25		21
Real estate and real estate joint ventures			132		1		548		4
Other limited partnership interests			—		(5)		(14)		(5)
Other (2) (3)			17		52		65		233
Real estate and real estate joint ventures (excluding changes in estimated fair value)											Real estate and real estate joint ventures (excluding changes in estimated fair value)		—		132		163		548
Other limited partnership interests (excluding changes in estimated fair value)											Other limited partnership interests (excluding changes in estimated fair value)		(1)		—		4		(14)
Other gains (losses)											Other gains (losses)		(16)		17		50		65
Subtotal	Subtotal		186		54		668		(81)		Subtotal		(170)		186		(580)		668

Change in estimated fair value of other limited partnership interests and real estate joint ventures	Change in estimated fair value of other limited partnership interests and real estate joint ventures		9		2		23		(10)		Change in estimated fair value of other limited partnership interests and real estate joint ventures		(19)		9		(13)		23

Non-investment portfolio gains (losses)	Non-investment portfolio gains (losses)		(5)		(26)		1		(5)		Non-investment portfolio gains (losses)		107		(5)		202		1

Subtotal	Subtotal		4		(24)		24		(15)		Subtotal		88		4		189		24
Total net investment gains (losses)			$	190	$	30	$	692	$	(96)
Net investment gains (losses)											Net investment gains (losses)		$	(82)	$	190	$	(391)	$	692

Transaction Type											Transaction Type
Realized gains (losses) on investments sold or disposed											Realized gains (losses) on investments sold or disposed		$	(199)	$	154	$	(530)	$	568
Impairments											Impairments		(4)		(11)		(37)		(24)
Recognized gains (losses):											Recognized gains (losses):
Change in allowance for credit loss recognized in earnings											Change in allowance for credit loss recognized in earnings		34		31		(17)		31
Unrealized net gains (losses) recognized in earnings											Unrealized net gains (losses) recognized in earnings		(20)		21		(9)		116
Total recognized gains (losses)											Total recognized gains (losses)		14		52		(26)		147
Non-investment portfolio gains (losses)											Non-investment portfolio gains (losses)		107		(5)		202		1
Net investment gains (losses)											Net investment gains (losses)		$	(82)	$	190	$	(391)	$	692

~~__________________~~Net realized investment gains (losses) of ($202) million and ($537) million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $154 million and $590 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, respectively, represent realized gains (losses) on sales and disposals from all invested asset classes, including realized gains (losses) on sales and disposals recognized in net investment income, primarily related to Residential - FVO mortgage loans and FVO Securities.

~~(1)~~ Changes in estimated fair value subsequent to purchase ~~for~~of equity securities still held as of the end of the ~~periods~~period included in net investment gains (losses) were ($2) million and $2 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $1 million and $23 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~respectively, and~~respectively.

Other gains (losses) included ($~~21)~~15) million and ~~($109)~~$55 million reclassified from AOCI to earnings due to the sale of certain investments that were hedged in qualifying cash flow hedges for the three months and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020, respectively.~~

~~(2) Other gains (losses) included de-designated cash flow hedge gains of~~2022, respectively, and $8 million and $56 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~respectively, and $10~~respectively.

See “— Related Party Investment Transactions” for discussion of affiliated net investment gains (losses) related to transfers of invested assets to affiliates.

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

Net investment gains (losses) includes gains (losses) from foreign currency transactions of $95 million and ~~$65~~$161 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020, respectively.~~

~~(3) Other gains (losses) included leveraged lease gains of $81 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.~~

~~Gains (losses) from foreign currency transactions included within net investment gains (losses) were~~2022, respectively, and $14 million and $33 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~respectively, and ($25) million and $8 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020,~~ respectively.

Fixed Maturity Securities AFS ~~- Sales~~ and ~~Disposals and Credit Loss~~Equity Securities – Composition of Net Investment Gains (Losses)

~~Sales of securities are determined on a specific identification basis. Proceeds from sales or disposals and the components~~The composition of net investment gains (losses) ~~were~~for these securities is as ~~shown in the table below:~~follows:


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020
Fixed Maturity Securities AFS											Fixed Maturity Securities AFS	2022		2021		2022		2021
		(In millions)								(In millions)
Proceeds	Proceeds	$	7,279	$	3,519	$	19,123	$	14,516		Proceeds	$	11,337	$	7,279	$	31,325	$	19,123
Gross investment gains	Gross investment gains	$	91	$	96	$	199	$	342		Gross investment gains	$	88	$	91	$	158	$	199
Gross investment (losses)	Gross investment (losses)	(62)		(81)		(178)		(324)			Gross investment (losses)	(259)		(62)		(882)		(178)
Net credit loss (provision) release		14		2		(7)		(86)
Realized gains (losses) on sales and disposals											Realized gains (losses) on sales and disposals	(171)		29		(724)		21
Net credit loss (provision) release (change in ACL recognized in earnings)											Net credit loss (provision) release (change in ACL recognized in earnings)	8		24		(64)		16
Impairment (loss)											Impairment (loss)	(4)		(10)		(37)		(23)
Net credit loss (provision) release and impairment (loss)											Net credit loss (provision) release and impairment (loss)	4		14		(101)		(7)
Net investment gains (losses)	Net investment gains (losses)	$	43	$	17	$	14	$	(68)		Net investment gains (losses)	$	(167)	$	43	$	(825)	$	14

Equity Securities											Equity Securities
Realized gains (losses) on sales and disposals											Realized gains (losses) on sales and disposals	$	2	$	(21)	$	(2)	$	(54)
Unrealized net gains (losses) recognized in earnings											Unrealized net gains (losses) recognized in earnings	(3)		10		5		88
Net investment gains (losses)											Net investment gains (losses)	$	(1)	$	(11)	$	3	$	34

3539

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

5. Investments (continued)

Related Party Investment Transactions

The Company transfers invested assets primarily consisting of fixed maturity securities AFS, mortgage loans ~~other limited partnership interests~~and real estate and real estate joint ventures to and from affiliates. Invested assets transferred were as follows:


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020				2022		2021		2022		2021
		(In millions)								(In millions)
Estimated fair value of invested assets transferred to affiliates	Estimated fair value of invested assets transferred to affiliates	$	393	$	—	$	696	$	—		Estimated fair value of invested assets transferred to affiliates	$	139	$	393	$	328	$	696
Amortized cost of invested assets transferred to affiliates	Amortized cost of invested assets transferred to affiliates	$	379	$	—	$	679	$	—		Amortized cost of invested assets transferred to affiliates	$	136	$	379	$	327	$	679
Net investment gains (losses) recognized on transfers	Net investment gains (losses) recognized on transfers	$	14	$	—	$	17	$	—		Net investment gains (losses) recognized on transfers	$	3	$	14	$	1	$	17
Estimated fair value of invested assets transferred from affiliates	Estimated fair value of invested assets transferred from affiliates	$	584	$	—	$	1,228	$	—		Estimated fair value of invested assets transferred from affiliates	$	130	$	584	$	332	$	1,228
Estimated fair value of derivative liabilities transferred from affiliates											Estimated fair value of derivative liabilities transferred from affiliates	$	—	$	—	$	64	$	—

Recurring related party investments and related net investment income were as follows at and for the periods ended:


			September 30, 2021			December 31, 2020			Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,									September 30, 2022			December 31, 2021		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
								2021			2020			2021			2020									2022			2021		2022		2021
Investment Type/ Balance Sheet Category	Investment Type/ Balance Sheet Category	Related Party			Carrying Value						Net Investment Income										Investment Type/ Balance Sheet Category		Related Party				Carrying Value				Net Investment Income
			(In millions)																					(In millions)
Affiliated investments (1)	Affiliated investments (1)	MetLife, Inc.	$	1,518		$	1,643		$	8		$	9		$	24		$	27	Affiliated investments (1)		MetLife, Inc.		$	1,100		$	1,399	$	5	$	8	$	15	$	24
Affiliated investments (2)	Affiliated investments (2)	American Life Insurance Company	100			100			—			—			1			2		Affiliated investments (2)		American Life Insurance Company		100			100		—		—		1		1
Affiliated investments (3)		Metropolitan Property and Casualty Insurance Company	—			315			—			1			1			5
Other invested assets	Other invested assets		$	1,618		$	2,058		$	8		$	10		$	26		$	34	Other invested assets				$	1,200		$	1,499	$	5	$	8	$	16	$	25

________________

(1)Represents an investment in affiliated senior unsecured notes which have maturity dates from ~~December 2021~~July 2023 to ~~July~~December 2031 and bear interest, payable semi-annually, at rates per annum ranging from 1.60% to ~~3.14%~~1.85%. See Note 7 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report for further information. In July 2021, ¥38.4 billion (the equivalent of $351 million) of 2.97% affiliated senior unsecured notes matured and were refinanced with the following senior unsecured notes: (i) ¥7.8 billion 1.61% due July 2026, (ii) ¥11.5 billion 1.76% due July 2028 and (iii) ¥19.1 billion 1.85% due July 2031.

(2)Represents an affiliated surplus note which matures in June 2025 and bears interest, payable semi-annually, at a rate per annum of 1.88%.

~~(3)Represents an investment in affiliated preferred stock which was redeemed at par plus accrued dividends in April 2021.~~

The Company incurred investment advisory charges from an affiliate of $68 million and $204 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and $75 million and $219 million for the three months and nine months ended ~~September 30,~~ 2021, ~~respectively, and $69 million and $207 million, for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020,~~ respectively.

See “— Variable Interest ~~Entities — Consolidated VIEs”~~Entities” for information on investments in affiliated real estate joint ventures and an affiliated investment ~~fund.~~funds.

See “— Related Party Reinsurance Transactions” in Note12 for information about affiliated funds withheld.

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

6. Derivatives

Accounting for Derivatives

See Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report for a description of the Company’s accounting policies for derivatives and Note 7 for information about the fair value hierarchy for derivatives.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company~~

~~(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)~~

~~Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)~~

~~6. Derivatives (continued)~~

Derivative Strategies

Types of Derivative Instruments and Derivative Strategies

The Company is exposed to various risks relating to its ongoing business operations, including interest rate, foreign currency exchange rate, credit and equity market. The Company uses a variety of strategies to manage these risks, including the use of derivatives. Commonly used derivative instruments include, but are not limited to:

•Interest rate derivatives: swaps, total return swaps, caps, floors, futures, swaptions, forwards and synthetic guaranteed interest contracts (“GICs”);

•Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives: swaps and forwards;

•Credit derivatives: purchased or written single name or index credit default swaps, and forwards; and

•Equity derivatives: index options, variance swaps, exchange-traded futures and total return swaps.

For detailed information on these contracts and the related strategies, see Note 8 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report.

3741

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

6. Derivatives (continued)

Primary Risks Managed by Derivatives

The following table presents the primary underlying risk exposure, gross notional amount, and estimated fair value of the Company’s derivatives, excluding embedded derivatives, held at:


			September 30, 2021						December 31, 2020								September 30, 2022						December 31, 2021
		Primary Underlying Risk Exposure	Gross Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value				Gross Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value					Primary Underlying Risk Exposure	Gross Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value				Gross Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value
					Assets		Liabilities				Assets		Liabilities						Assets		Liabilities				Assets		Liabilities
			(In millions)														(In millions)
Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:	Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:														Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Fair value hedges:	Fair value hedges:														Fair value hedges:
Interest rate swaps	Interest rate swaps	Interest rate	$	3,539	$	2,154	$	2	$	3,175	$	3,224	$	4	Interest rate swaps	Interest rate	$	4,115	$	1,435	$	425	$	3,540	$	2,163	$	6
Foreign currency swaps	Foreign currency swaps	Foreign currency exchange rate	869		5		31		1,049		5		76		Foreign currency swaps	Foreign currency exchange rate	593		123		—		764		8		22

Subtotal	Subtotal		4,408		2,159		33		4,224		3,229		80		Subtotal		4,708		1,558		425		4,304		2,171		28
Cash flow hedges:	Cash flow hedges:														Cash flow hedges:
Interest rate swaps	Interest rate swaps	Interest rate	4,079		17		1		4,400		14		—		Interest rate swaps	Interest rate	3,740		6		19		4,079		4		1
Interest rate forwards	Interest rate forwards	Interest rate	3,480		53		8		5,081		489		—		Interest rate forwards	Interest rate	2,783		—		448		3,058		69		1
Foreign currency swaps	Foreign currency swaps	Foreign currency exchange rate	29,596		1,282		973		28,017		1,102		1,353		Foreign currency swaps	Foreign currency exchange rate	27,786		3,319		2,126		28,772		1,317		966

Subtotal	Subtotal		37,155		1,352		982		37,498		1,605		1,353		Subtotal		34,309		3,325		2,593		35,909		1,390		968
Total qualifying hedges	Total qualifying hedges		41,563		3,511		1,015		41,722		4,834		1,433		Total qualifying hedges		39,017		4,883		3,018		40,213		3,561		996
Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:	Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:														Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate swaps	Interest rate swaps	Interest rate	22,113		3,316		76		30,512		3,041		7		Interest rate swaps	Interest rate	17,596		1,670		685		21,565		3,206		59
Interest rate floors	Interest rate floors	Interest rate	8,201		202		—		12,701		350		—		Interest rate floors	Interest rate	16,170		58		—		7,701		145		—
Interest rate caps	Interest rate caps	Interest rate	76,564		67		—		40,104		13		—		Interest rate caps	Interest rate	63,659		1,012		—		64,309		117		—
Interest rate futures	Interest rate futures	Interest rate	627		—		—		406		—		—		Interest rate futures	Interest rate	418		—		2		515		—		—
Interest rate options	Interest rate options	Interest rate	10,302		358		2		15,337		174		—		Interest rate options	Interest rate	20,367		601		—		9,703		364		—
Interest rate forwards	Interest rate forwards	Interest rate	265		—		30		265		—		9		Interest rate forwards	Interest rate	265		—		102		265		—		20
Interest rate total return swaps	Interest rate total return swaps	Interest rate	1,048		6		31		1,048		—		59		Interest rate total return swaps	Interest rate	1,048		—		99		1,048		9		4
Synthetic GICs	Synthetic GICs	Interest rate	11,451		—		—		11,739		—		—		Synthetic GICs	Interest rate	11,808		—		—		11,307		—		—
Foreign currency swaps	Foreign currency swaps	Foreign currency exchange rate	4,704		335		85		5,596		292		238		Foreign currency swaps	Foreign currency exchange rate	6,336		1,318		—		4,800		340		75
Foreign currency forwards	Foreign currency forwards	Foreign currency exchange rate	1,715		26		5		1,236		9		18		Foreign currency forwards	Foreign currency exchange rate	1,222		27		8		1,902		11		13
Credit default swaps — purchased	Credit default swaps — purchased	Credit	956		13		4		886		8		9		Credit default swaps — purchased	Credit	902		29		—		956		12		8
Credit default swaps — written	Credit default swaps — written	Credit	6,181		113		5		6,961		126		—		Credit default swaps — written	Credit	10,569		73		77		6,074		111		12
Equity futures	Equity futures	Equity market	1,769		18		1		2,591		—		16		Equity futures	Equity market	1,155		14		1		1,751		5		—
Equity index options	Equity index options	Equity market	27,890		650		159		19,601		459		189		Equity index options	Equity market	20,799		901		144		26,800		714		166
Equity variance swaps	Equity variance swaps	Equity market	425		12		10		425		11		9		Equity variance swaps	Equity market	425		12		10		425		12		10
Equity total return swaps	Equity total return swaps	Equity market	2,605		22		8		2,542		1		274		Equity total return swaps	Equity market	2,108		178		—		2,148		11		46
Total non-designated or nonqualifying derivatives	Total non-designated or nonqualifying derivatives		176,816		5,138		416		151,950		4,484		828		Total non-designated or nonqualifying derivatives		174,847		5,893		1,128		161,269		5,057		413
Total	Total		$	218,379	$	8,649	$	1,431	$	193,672	$	9,318	$	2,261	Total		$	213,864	$	10,776	$	4,146	$	201,482	$	8,618	$	1,409

Based on gross notional amounts, a substantial portion of the Company’s derivatives was not designated or did not qualify as part of a hedging relationship at both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. The Company’s use of derivatives includes (i) derivatives that serve as macro hedges of the Company’s exposure to various risks and that generally do not qualify for hedge accounting due to the criteria required under the portfolio hedging rules, (ii) derivatives that economically hedge insurance liabilities that contain mortality or morbidity risk and that generally do not qualify for hedge accounting because the lack of these risks in the derivatives cannot support an expectation of a highly effective hedging relationship, (iii) derivatives that economically hedge embedded derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting because the changes in estimated fair value of the embedded derivatives are already recorded in net income, and (iv) written credit default swaps and interest rate swaps that are used to synthetically create investments and that do not qualify for hedge accounting because they do not involve a hedging relationship. For these nonqualified derivatives, changes in market factors can lead to the recognition of fair value changes on the statement of operations without an offsetting gain or loss recognized in earnings for the item being hedged.

3842

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

6. Derivatives (continued)

The Effects of Derivatives on the Interim Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table presents the interim condensed consolidated financial statement location and amount of gain (loss) recognized on fair value, cash flow, nonqualifying hedging relationships and embedded derivatives:


		Three Months Ended September 30, 2021												Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
		Net Investment Income		Net Investment Gains (Losses)		Net Derivative Gains (Losses)		Policyholder Benefits and Claims		Interest Credited to Policyholder Account Balances		Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)				Net Investment Income		Net Investment Gains (Losses)		Net Derivative Gains (Losses)		Policyholder Benefits and Claims		Interest Credited to Policyholder Account Balances		OCI
		(In millions)												(In millions)
Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedges:	Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedges:														Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedges:
Interest rate derivatives:	Interest rate derivatives:														Interest rate derivatives:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	$	1	$	—	$	—	$	(53)	$	—	N/A			Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	$	2	$	—	$	—	$	(292)	$	(16)	N/A
Hedged items	Hedged items	(2)		—		—		48		—		N/A			Hedged items	—		—		—		264		15		N/A
Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives:	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives:														Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	28		—		—		—		—		N/A			Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	64		—		—		—		—		N/A
Hedged items	Hedged items	(22)		—		—		—		—		N/A			Hedged items	(65)		—		—		—		—		N/A
Subtotal	Subtotal	5		—		—		(5)		—		N/A			Subtotal	1		—		—		(28)		(1)		N/A
Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges:	Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges:														Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges:
Interest rate derivatives: (1)	Interest rate derivatives: (1)														Interest rate derivatives: (1)
Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		$	27		Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		$	(324)
Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	14		8		—		—		—		(22)			Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	15		(16)		—		—		—		1
Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives: (1)	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives: (1)														Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives: (1)
Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		201			Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		608
Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	2		(257)		—		—		—		255			Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	1		(485)		—		—		—		484
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		254		—		—		—		—			Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		485		—		—		—		—
Credit derivatives: (1)
Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		—

Subtotal	Subtotal	16		5		—		—		—		461			Subtotal	16		(16)		—		—		—		769

Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:	Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:														Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate derivatives (1)	Interest rate derivatives (1)	(1)		—		(276)		—		—		N/A			Interest rate derivatives (1)	—		—		(395)		—		—		N/A
Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives (1)	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives (1)	—		—		181		—		—		N/A			Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives (1)	—		—		476		—		—		N/A
Credit derivatives — purchased (1)	Credit derivatives — purchased (1)	—		—		2		—		—		N/A			Credit derivatives — purchased (1)	—		—		4		—		—		N/A
Credit derivatives — written (1)	Credit derivatives — written (1)	—		—		(1)		—		—		N/A			Credit derivatives — written (1)	—		—		1		—		—		N/A
Equity derivatives (1)	Equity derivatives (1)	—		—		34		8		—		N/A			Equity derivatives (1)	8		—		163		62		—		N/A
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		—		(50)		—		—		N/A			Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		—		(189)		—		—		N/A
Subtotal	Subtotal	(1)		—		(110)		8		—		N/A			Subtotal	8		—		60		62		—		N/A
Earned income on derivatives	Earned income on derivatives	63		—		165		53		(43)		—			Earned income on derivatives	100		—		144		33		(41)		—
Embedded derivatives (2)	Embedded derivatives (2)	N/A		N/A		29		—		N/A		N/A			Embedded derivatives (2)	N/A		N/A		250		—		N/A		N/A
Total	Total	$	83	$	5	$	84	$	56	$	(43)	$	461		Total	$	125	$	(16)	$	454	$	67	$	(42)	$	769

3943

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

6. Derivatives (continued)


		Three Months Ended September 30, 2020												Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
		Net Investment Income		Net Investment Gains (Losses)		Net Derivative Gains (Losses)		Policyholder Benefits and Claims		Interest Credited to Policyholder Account Balances		Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)				Net Investment Income		Net Investment Gains (Losses)		Net Derivative Gains (Losses)		Policyholder Benefits and Claims		Interest Credited to Policyholder Account Balances		OCI
		(In millions)												(In millions)
Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedges:	Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedges:														Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedges:
Interest rate derivatives:	Interest rate derivatives:														Interest rate derivatives:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	(154)	$	—	N/A			Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	$	1	$	—	$	—	$	(53)	$	—	N/A
Hedged items	Hedged items	1		—		—		139		—		N/A			Hedged items	(2)		—		—		48		—		N/A
Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives:	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives:														Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	(49)		—		—		—		—		N/A			Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	28		—		—		—		—		N/A
Hedged items	Hedged items	45		—		—		—		—		N/A			Hedged items	(22)		—		—		—		—		N/A
Subtotal	Subtotal	(3)		—		—		(15)		—		N/A			Subtotal	5		—		—		(5)		—		N/A
Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges:	Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges:														Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges:
Interest rate derivatives: (1)	Interest rate derivatives: (1)														Interest rate derivatives: (1)
Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		$	(203)		Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		$	27
Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	9		10		—		—		—		(19)			Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	14		8		—		—		—		(22)
Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives: (1)	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives: (1)														Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives: (1)
Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		(432)			Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		201
Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	2		406		—		—		—		(408)			Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	2		(257)		—		—		—		255
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		(369)		—		—		—		—			Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		254		—		—		—		—
Credit derivatives: (1)
Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		—

Subtotal	Subtotal	11		47		—		—		—		(1,062)			Subtotal	16		5		—		—		—		461

Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:	Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:														Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate derivatives (1)	Interest rate derivatives (1)	—		—		(461)		—		—		N/A			Interest rate derivatives (1)	(1)		—		(276)		—		—		N/A
Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives (1)	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives (1)	—		—		(278)		—		—		N/A			Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives (1)	—		—		181		—		—		N/A
Credit derivatives — purchased (1)	Credit derivatives — purchased (1)	—		—		(5)		—		—		N/A			Credit derivatives — purchased (1)	—		—		2		—		—		N/A
Credit derivatives — written (1)	Credit derivatives — written (1)	—		—		(3)		—		—		N/A			Credit derivatives — written (1)	—		—		(1)		—		—		N/A
Equity derivatives (1)	Equity derivatives (1)	(6)		—		(376)		(88)		—		N/A			Equity derivatives (1)	—		—		34		8		—		N/A
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		—		109		—		—		N/A			Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		—		(50)		—		—		N/A
Subtotal	Subtotal	(6)		—		(1,014)		(88)		—		N/A			Subtotal	(1)		—		(110)		8		—		N/A
Earned income on derivatives	Earned income on derivatives	56		—		195		51		(36)		—			Earned income on derivatives	63		—		165		53		(43)		—
Embedded derivatives (2)	Embedded derivatives (2)	N/A		N/A		270		—		N/A		N/A			Embedded derivatives (2)	N/A		N/A		29		—		N/A		N/A
Total	Total	$	58	$	47	$	(549)	$	(52)	$	(36)	$	(1,062)		Total	$	83	$	5	$	84	$	56	$	(43)	$	461

4044

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

6. Derivatives (continued)


		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021												Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
		Net Investment Income		Net Investment Gains (Losses)		Net Derivative Gains (Losses)		Policyholder Benefits and Claims		Interest Credited to Policyholder Account Balances		Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)				Net Investment Income		Net Investment Gains (Losses)		Net Derivative Gains (Losses)		Policyholder Benefits and Claims		Interest Credited to Policyholder Account Balances		OCI
		(In millions)												(In millions)
Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedges:	Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedges:														Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedges:
Interest rate derivatives:	Interest rate derivatives:														Interest rate derivatives:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	$	4	$	—	$	—	$	(418)	$	—	N/A			Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	$	8	$	—	$	—	$	(1,137)	$	(26)	N/A
Hedged items	Hedged items	(4)		—		—		379		—		N/A			Hedged items	(8)		—		—		1,072		24		N/A
Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives:	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives:														Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	39		—		—		—		—		N/A			Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	154		—		—		—		—		N/A
Hedged items	Hedged items	(32)		—		—		—		—		N/A			Hedged items	(152)		—		—		—		—		N/A
Subtotal	Subtotal	7		—		—		(39)		—		N/A			Subtotal	2		—		—		(65)		(2)		N/A
Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges:	Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges:														Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges:
Interest rate derivatives: (1)	Interest rate derivatives: (1)														Interest rate derivatives: (1)
Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		$	(676)		Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		$	(1,434)
Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	41		56		—		—		—		(97)			Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	46		55		—		—		—		(101)
Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives: (1)	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives: (1)														Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives: (1)
Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		503			Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		1,232
Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	4		(265)		—		—		—		261			Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	3		(1,117)		—		—		—		1,114
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		258		—		—		—		—			Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		1,104		—		—		—		—
Credit derivatives: (1)
Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		—

Subtotal	Subtotal	45		49		—		—		—		(9)			Subtotal	49		42		—		—		—		811

Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:	Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:														Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate derivatives (1)	Interest rate derivatives (1)	1		—		(1,463)		—		—		N/A			Interest rate derivatives (1)	3		—		(1,998)		—		—		N/A
Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives (1)	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives (1)	—		—		224		—		—		N/A			Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives (1)	2		—		985		—		—		N/A
Credit derivatives — purchased (1)	Credit derivatives — purchased (1)	—		—		6		—		—		N/A			Credit derivatives — purchased (1)	—		—		62		—		—		N/A
Credit derivatives — written (1)	Credit derivatives — written (1)	—		—		20		—		—		N/A			Credit derivatives — written (1)	—		—		(189)		—		—		N/A
Equity derivatives (1)	Equity derivatives (1)	(2)		—		(793)		(174)		—		N/A			Equity derivatives (1)	37		—		724		320		—		N/A
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		—		(62)		—		—		N/A			Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		—		(431)		—		—		N/A
Subtotal	Subtotal	(1)		—		(2,068)		(174)		—		N/A			Subtotal	42		—		(847)		320		—		N/A
Earned income on derivatives	Earned income on derivatives	141		—		499		155		(120)		—			Earned income on derivatives	325		—		403		130		(113)		—
Embedded derivatives (2)	Embedded derivatives (2)	N/A		N/A		663		—		N/A		N/A			Embedded derivatives (2)	N/A		N/A		1,424		—		N/A		N/A
Total	Total	$	192	$	49	$	(906)	$	(58)	$	(120)	$	(9)		Total	$	418	$	42	$	980	$	385	$	(115)	$	811

4145

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

6. Derivatives (continued)


		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020												Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
		Net Investment Income		Net Investment Gains (Losses)		Net Derivative Gains (Losses)		Policyholder Benefits and Claims		Interest Credited to Policyholder Account Balances		Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)				Net Investment Income		Net Investment Gains (Losses)		Net Derivative Gains (Losses)		Policyholder Benefits and Claims		Interest Credited to Policyholder Account Balances		OCI
		(In millions)												(In millions)
Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedges:	Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedges:														Gain (Loss) on Fair Value Hedges:
Interest rate derivatives:	Interest rate derivatives:														Interest rate derivatives:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	$	(11)	$	—	$	—	$	589	$	—	N/A			Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	$	4	$	—	$	—	$	(418)	$	—	N/A
Hedged items	Hedged items	9		—		—		(613)		—		N/A			Hedged items	(4)		—		—		379		—		N/A
Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives:	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives:														Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	15		—		—		—		—		N/A			Derivatives designated as hedging instruments (1)	39		—		—		—		—		N/A
Hedged items	Hedged items	(13)		—		—		—		—		N/A			Hedged items	(32)		—		—		—		—		N/A
Subtotal	Subtotal	—		—		—		(24)		—		N/A			Subtotal	7		—		—		(39)		—		N/A
Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges:	Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges:														Gain (Loss) on Cash Flow Hedges:
Interest rate derivatives: (1)	Interest rate derivatives: (1)														Interest rate derivatives: (1)
Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		$	1,689		Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		$	(676)
Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	24		58		—		—		—		(82)			Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	41		56		—		—		—		(97)
Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives: (1)	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives: (1)														Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives: (1)
Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		552			Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI	N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		503
Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	2		221		—		—		—		(223)			Amount of gains (losses) reclassified from AOCI into income	4		(265)		—		—		—		261
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		(135)		—		—		—		—			Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		258		—		—		—		—
Credit derivatives: (1)
Amount of gains (losses) deferred in AOCI		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		N/A		—

Subtotal	Subtotal	26		144		—		—		—		1,936			Subtotal	45		49		—		—		—		(9)

Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:	Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:														Gain (Loss) on Derivatives Not Designated or Not Qualifying as Hedging Instruments:
Interest rate derivatives (1)	Interest rate derivatives (1)	(6)		—		2,876		—		—		N/A			Interest rate derivatives (1)	1		—		(1,463)		—		—		N/A
Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives (1)	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives (1)	—		—		11		—		—		N/A			Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives (1)	—		—		224		—		—		N/A
Credit derivatives — purchased (1)	Credit derivatives — purchased (1)	—		—		21		—		—		N/A			Credit derivatives — purchased (1)	—		—		6		—		—		N/A
Credit derivatives — written (1)	Credit derivatives — written (1)	—		—		(116)		—		—		N/A			Credit derivatives — written (1)	—		—		20		—		—		N/A
Equity derivatives (1)	Equity derivatives (1)	(6)		—		(78)		(35)		—		N/A			Equity derivatives (1)	(2)		—		(793)		(174)		—		N/A
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		—		(31)		—		—		N/A			Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) on hedged items	—		—		(62)		—		—		N/A
Subtotal	Subtotal	(12)		—		2,683		(35)		—		N/A			Subtotal	(1)		—		(2,068)		(174)		—		N/A
Earned income on derivatives	Earned income on derivatives	212		—		419		132		(118)		—			Earned income on derivatives	141		—		499		155		(120)		—
Embedded derivatives (2)	Embedded derivatives (2)	N/A		N/A		(889)		—		N/A		N/A			Embedded derivatives (2)	N/A		N/A		663		—		N/A		N/A
Total	Total	$	226	$	144	$	2,213	$	73	$	(118)	$	1,936		Total	$	192	$	49	$	(906)	$	(58)	$	(120)	$	(9)

__________________

(1)Excludes earned income on derivatives.

(2)The valuation of guaranteed minimum benefits includes a nonperformance risk adjustment. The amounts included in net derivative gains (losses) in connection with this adjustment wew~~re $5~~ere $42 million and ~~($10)~~$41 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, respectively, and ~~($12)~~$5 million and ~~$53~~($10) million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

Fair Value Hedges

The Company designates and accounts for the following as fair value hedges when they have met the requirements of fair value hedging: (i) interest rate swaps to convert fixed rate assets and liabilities to floating rate assets and liabilities and (ii) foreign currency swaps to hedge the foreign currency fair value exposure of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities.

The following table presents the balance sheet classification, carrying amount and cumulative fair value hedging adjustments for items designated and qualifying as hedged items in fair value hedges:

4246

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

6. Derivatives (continued)


Balance Sheet Line Item	Balance Sheet Line Item	Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)				Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustments Included in the Carrying Amount of Hedged Assets/(Liabilities) (1)				Balance Sheet Line Item	Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets/(Liabilities)				Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustments Included in the Carrying Amount of Hedged Assets/(Liabilities) (1)
		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020			September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
		(In millions)									(In millions)
Fixed maturity securities AFS	Fixed maturity securities AFS	$	370	$	461	$	(1)	$	(1)	Fixed maturity securities AFS	$	300	$	366	$	1	$	(1)
Mortgage loans	Mortgage loans	$	730	$	925	$	(2)	$	20	Mortgage loans	$	276	$	617	$	(20)	$	3
Future policy benefits	Future policy benefits	$	(4,713)	$	(5,512)	$	(911)	$	(1,307)	Future policy benefits	$	(3,626)	$	(4,735)	$	215	$	(877)
Policyholder account balances										Policyholder account balances	$	(1,074)	$	—	$	24	$	—

__________________

(1)Includes ($~~169)~~142) million and ($1)161) million of hedging adjustments on discontinued hedging relationships at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

All components of each derivative’s gain or loss were included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness.

Cash Flow Hedges

The Company designates and accounts for the following as cash flow hedges when they have met the requirements of cash flow hedging: (i) interest rate swaps to convert floating rate assets and liabilities to fixed rate assets and liabilities, (ii) foreign currency swaps to hedge the foreign currency cash flow exposure of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities, (iii) interest rate forwards and credit forwards to lock in the price to be paid for forward purchases of investments, and (iv) interest rate swaps and interest rate forwards to hedge the forecasted purchases of fixed-rate investments.

In certain instances, the Company discontinued cash flow hedge accounting because the forecasted transactions were no longer probable of occurring. Because certain of the forecasted transactions also were not probable of occurring within two months of the anticipated date, the Company reclassified amounts from AOCI into income. These amounts were $18 million and $22 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $0 and $6 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~respectively and $13 million and $45 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020,~~ respectively.

At both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the maximum length of time over which the Company was hedging its exposure to variability in future cash flows for forecasted transactions did not exceed ~~eight~~seven years.

At ~~both~~ September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the balance in AOCI associated with cash flow hedges was ~~$2.3 billion.~~$3.2 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively.

All components of each derivative’s gain or loss were included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness.

At September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company expected to reclassify ~~($80)~~$301 million of deferred net gains (losses) on derivatives in AOCI to earnings within the next 12 months.

Credit Derivatives

In connection with synthetically created credit investment transactions, the Company writes credit default swaps for which it receives a premium to insure credit risk. Such credit derivatives are included within the effects of derivatives on the interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) table. If a credit event occurs, as defined by the contract, the contract may be cash settled or it may be settled gross by the Company paying the counterparty the specified swap notional amount in exchange for the delivery of par quantities of the referenced credit obligation. The Company’s maximum amount at risk, assuming the value of all referenced credit obligations is zero, was $6.2 billion and $7.0 billion at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. The Company can terminate these contracts at any time through cash settlement with the counterparty at an amount equal to the then current estimated fair value of the credit default swaps. ~~At September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, the Company would have received $108 million and $126 million, respectively, to terminate all of these contracts.~~

4347

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

6. Derivatives (continued)

The following table presents the estimated fair value, maximum amount of future payments and weighted average years to maturity of written credit default swaps at:


		September 30, 2021					December 31, 2020						September 30, 2022					December 31, 2021
Rating Agency Designation of Referenced Credit Obligations (1)	Rating Agency Designation of Referenced Credit Obligations (1)	Estimated Fair Value of Credit Default Swaps		Maximum Amount of Future Payments under Credit Default Swaps		Weighted Average Years to Maturity (2)	Estimated Fair Value of Credit Default Swaps		Maximum Amount of Future Payments under Credit Default Swaps		Weighted Average Years to Maturity (2)	Rating Agency Designation of Referenced Credit Obligations (1)	Estimated Fair Value of Credit Default Swaps		Maximum Amount of Future Payments under Credit Default Swaps		Weighted Average Years to Maturity (2)	Estimated Fair Value of Credit Default Swaps		Maximum Amount of Future Payments under Credit Default Swaps		Weighted Average Years to Maturity (2)
		(Dollars in millions)											(Dollars in millions)
Aaa/Aa/A	Aaa/Aa/A											Aaa/Aa/A
Single name credit default swaps (3)	Single name credit default swaps (3)	$	—	$	20	1.5	$	—	$	54	0.6	Single name credit default swaps (3)	$	—	$	10	1.7	$	—	$	10	2.5
Credit default swaps referencing indices	Credit default swaps referencing indices	21		1,778		1.7	27		1,779		2.5	Credit default swaps referencing indices	51		4,404		3.5	17		1,191		2.5
Subtotal	Subtotal	21		1,798		1.7	27		1,833		2.4	Subtotal	51		4,414		3.5	17		1,201		2.5
Baa	Baa											Baa
Single name credit default swaps (3)	Single name credit default swaps (3)	1		105		2.1	2		174		2.1	Single name credit default swaps (3)	—		40		2.7	1		60		3.3
Credit default swaps referencing indices	Credit default swaps referencing indices	89		4,178		6.0	97		4,954		5.3	Credit default swaps referencing indices	(45)		5,977		5.4	90		4,698		5.1
Subtotal	Subtotal	90		4,283		5.9	99		5,128		5.2	Subtotal	(45)		6,017		5.4	91		4,758		5.1
Ba	Ba											Ba
Single name credit default swaps (3)	Single name credit default swaps (3)	2		65		0.7	—		—		—	Single name credit default swaps (3)	2		45		0.9	1		65		0.5
Credit default swaps referencing indices	Credit default swaps referencing indices	(1)		20		4.2	—		—		—	Credit default swaps referencing indices	1		25		4.2	(1)		20		5.0
Subtotal	Subtotal	1		85		1.5	—		—		—	Subtotal	3		70		2.1	—		85		1.5
B												B

Credit default swaps referencing indices												Credit default swaps referencing indices	(1)		38		4.7	—		—		—
Subtotal												Subtotal	(1)		38		4.7	—		—		—
Caa3	Caa3											Caa3

Credit default swaps referencing indices	Credit default swaps referencing indices	(4)		15		4.2	—		—		—	Credit default swaps referencing indices	(12)		30		3.7	(9)		30		4.5
Subtotal	Subtotal	(4)		15		4.2	—		—		—	Subtotal	(12)		30		3.7	(9)		30		4.5
Total	Total	$	108	$	6,181	4.6	$	126	$	6,961	4.5	Total	$	(4)	$	10,569	4.6	$	99	$	6,074	4.6

__________________

(1)The rating agency designations are based on availability and the midpoint of the applicable ratings among Moody’s Investors Service (“Moody’s”), S&P Global Ratings (“S&P”) and Fitch Ratings. If no rating is available from a rating agency, then an internally developed rating is used.

(2)The weighted average years to maturity of the credit default swaps is calculated based on weighted average gross notional amounts.

(3)Single name credit default swaps may be referenced to the credit of corporations, foreign governments, or municipals.

Credit Risk on Freestanding Derivatives

The Company may be exposed to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by its counterparties to derivatives. Generally, the current credit exposure of the Company’s derivatives is limited to the net positive estimated fair value of derivatives at the reporting date after taking into consideration the existence of master netting or similar agreements and any collateral received pursuant to such agreements.

Derivatives may be exchange-traded or contracted in the over-the-counter (“OTC”) market. Certain of the Company’s OTC derivatives are cleared and settled through central clearinghouses (“OTC-cleared”), while others are bilateral contracts between two counterparties (“OTC-bilateral”).

4448

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

6. Derivatives (continued)

The Company manages its credit risk related to derivatives by entering into transactions with creditworthy counterparties ~~and establishing and monitoring exposure limits. The Company enters into contracts with counterparties~~ in jurisdictions in which it understands that close-out netting should be ~~enforceable.~~enforceable and establishing and monitoring exposure limits. The Company’s OTC-bilateral derivative transactions are governed by ~~the~~ International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. (“ISDA”) Master Agreements which provide for legally enforceable set-off and close-out netting of exposures to specific counterparties in the event of early termination of a transaction, which includes, but is not limited to, events of default and bankruptcy. In the event of an early termination, close-out netting permits the Company (subject to financial regulations such as the Orderly Liquidation Authority under Title II of Dodd-Frank) to set off receivables from the counterparty against payables to the same counterparty arising out of all included transactions and to apply collateral to the obligations without application of the automatic stay, upon the counterparty’s bankruptcy. All of the Company’s ISDA Master Agreements also include Credit Support Annex provisions which require both the pledging and accepting of collateral in connection with its OTC-bilateral derivatives as required by applicable law. Additionally, effective September 1, 2021, the Company is required to pledge initial margin for certain new OTC-bilateral derivative transactions to third party custodians.

The Company’s OTC-cleared derivatives are effected through central clearing counterparties and its exchange-traded derivatives are effected through regulated exchanges. Such positions are marked to market and margined on a daily basis (both initial margin and variation margin), and the Company has minimal exposure to credit-related losses in the event of nonperformance by brokers and central clearinghouses to such derivatives.

See Note 7 for a description of the impact of credit risk on the valuation of derivatives.

The estimated fair values of the Company’s net derivative assets and net derivative liabilities after the application of master netting agreements and collateral were as follows at:


		September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020					September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
Derivatives Subject to a Master Netting Arrangement or a Similar Arrangement	Derivatives Subject to a Master Netting Arrangement or a Similar Arrangement	Assets		Liabilities		Assets		Liabilities		Derivatives Subject to a Master Netting Arrangement or a Similar Arrangement	Assets		Liabilities		Assets		Liabilities
		(In millions)									(In millions)
Gross estimated fair value of derivatives:	Gross estimated fair value of derivatives:									Gross estimated fair value of derivatives:
OTC-bilateral (1)	OTC-bilateral (1)	$	8,579	$	1,401	$	9,244	$	2,192	OTC-bilateral (1)	$	10,871	$	4,072	$	8,602	$	1,379
OTC-cleared (1)	OTC-cleared (1)	137		19		139		6		OTC-cleared (1)	25		94		104		8
Exchange-traded	Exchange-traded	18		1		—		16		Exchange-traded	14		3		5		—
Total gross estimated fair value of derivatives presented on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets (1)	Total gross estimated fair value of derivatives presented on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets (1)	8,734		1,421		9,383		2,214		Total gross estimated fair value of derivatives presented on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets (1)	10,910		4,169		8,711		1,387

Gross amounts not offset on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets:	Gross amounts not offset on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets:									Gross amounts not offset on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets:
Gross estimated fair value of derivatives: (2)	Gross estimated fair value of derivatives: (2)									Gross estimated fair value of derivatives: (2)
OTC-bilateral	OTC-bilateral	(1,385)		(1,385)		(1,996)		(1,996)		OTC-bilateral	(3,968)		(3,968)		(1,364)		(1,364)
OTC-cleared	OTC-cleared	(11)		(11)		(5)		(5)		OTC-cleared	(7)		(7)		(3)		(3)
Exchange-traded	Exchange-traded	(1)		(1)		—		—		Exchange-traded	(1)		(1)		—		—
Cash collateral: (3), (4)	Cash collateral: (3), (4)									Cash collateral: (3), (4)
OTC-bilateral	OTC-bilateral	(5,916)		—		(6,073)		—		OTC-bilateral	(5,577)		—		(6,414)		—
OTC-cleared	OTC-cleared	(90)		—		(98)		—		OTC-cleared	(1)		(41)		(91)		—

Securities collateral: (5)	Securities collateral: (5)									Securities collateral: (5)
OTC-bilateral	OTC-bilateral	(1,156)		(16)		(1,115)		(188)		OTC-bilateral	(1,274)		(102)		(767)		(14)
OTC-cleared	OTC-cleared	—		(8)		—		(1)		OTC-cleared	—		(45)		—		(5)
Exchange-traded	Exchange-traded	—		—		—		(16)		Exchange-traded	—		(2)		—		—
Net amount after application of master netting agreements and collateral	Net amount after application of master netting agreements and collateral	$	175	$	—	$	96	$	8	Net amount after application of master netting agreements and collateral	$	82	$	3	$	72	$	1

__________________

(1)At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, derivative assets included income (expense) accruals reported in accrued investment income or in other liabilities of ~~$85~~$134 million and ~~$65~~$93 million, respectively, and derivative liabilities included (income) expense accruals reported in accrued investment income or in other liabilities of ~~($10)~~$23 million and ($~~47)~~22) million, respectively.

(2)Estimated fair value of derivatives is limited to the amount that is subject to set-off and includes income or expense accruals.

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

6. Derivatives (continued)

~~(2)Estimated fair value of derivatives is limited to the amount that is subject to set-off and includes income or expense accruals.~~

(3)Cash collateral received by the Company for OTC-bilateral and OTC-cleared derivatives, where the centralized clearinghouse treats variation margin as collateral, is included in cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments or in fixed maturity securities AFS, and the obligation to return it is included in payables for collateral under securities loaned and other transactions on the balance sheet.

(4)The receivable for the return of cash collateral provided by the Company is inclusive of initial margin on exchange-traded and OTC-cleared derivatives and is included in premiums, reinsurance and other receivables on the balance sheet. The amount of cash collateral offset in the table above is limited to the net estimated fair value of derivatives after application of netting agreements. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company received excess cash collateral of ~~$22~~$797 million and ~~$175~~$60 million, respectively, and provided no excess cash ~~collateral.~~collateral of $3 million and $0, respectively, which is not included in the table above due to the foregoing limitation.

(5)Securities collateral received by the Company is held in separate custodial accounts and is not recorded on the balance sheet. Subject to certain constraints, the Company is permitted by contract to sell or re-pledge this collateral, but at September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, none of the collateral had been sold or re-pledged. Securities collateral pledged by the Company is reported in fixed maturity securities AFS on the balance sheet. Subject to certain constraints, the counterparties are permitted by contract to sell or re-pledge this collateral. The amount of securities collateral offset in the table above is limited to the net estimated fair value of derivatives after application of netting agreements and cash collateral. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company received excess securities collateral with an estimated fair value of ~~$34~~$261 million and ~~$150~~$47 million, respectively, for its OTC-bilateral derivatives, which are not included in the table above due to the foregoing limitation. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company provided excess securities collateral with an estimated fair value of ~~$40~~$951 million and ~~$185~~$95 million, respectively, for its OTC-bilateral derivatives, ~~$561~~$493 million and ~~$1.4 billion,~~$584 million, respectively, for its OTC-cleared derivatives, and ~~$103~~$80 million and ~~$188~~$106 million, respectively, for its exchange-traded derivatives, which are not included in the table above due to the foregoing limitation.

The Company’s collateral arrangements for its OTC-bilateral derivatives generally require the counterparty in a net liability position, after considering the effect of netting agreements, to pledge collateral when the collateral amount owed by that counterparty reaches a minimum transfer amount. All of the Company’s netting agreements for derivatives contain provisions that require both Metropolitan Life Insurance Company and the counterparty to maintain a specific investment grade financial strength or credit rating from each of Moody’s and S&P. If a party’s financial strength or credit rating were to fall below that specific investment grade financial strength or credit rating, that party would be in violation of these provisions, and the other party to the derivatives could terminate the transactions and demand immediate settlement and payment based on such party’s reasonable valuation of the derivatives.

The following table presents the estimated fair value of the Company’s OTC-bilateral derivatives that were in a net liability position after considering the effect of netting agreements, together with the estimated fair value and balance sheet location of the collateral pledged.


		Derivatives Subject to Financial Strength-Contingent Provisions					Derivatives Subject to Financial Strength-Contingent Provisions
		September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020			September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
		(In millions)					(In millions)
Estimated fair value of derivatives in a net liability position (1)	Estimated fair value of derivatives in a net liability position (1)	$	16	$	196	Estimated fair value of derivatives in a net liability position (1)	$	105	$	15
Estimated fair value of collateral provided:	Estimated fair value of collateral provided:					Estimated fair value of collateral provided:
Fixed maturity securities AFS	Fixed maturity securities AFS	$	17	$	239	Fixed maturity securities AFS	$	107	$	17

__________________

(1)After taking into consideration the existence of netting agreements.

4650

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

6. Derivatives (continued)

Embedded Derivatives

The Company issues certain products or purchases certain investments that contain embedded derivatives that are required to be separated from their host contracts and accounted for as freestanding derivatives.

The following table presents the estimated fair value and balance sheet location of the Company’s embedded derivatives that have been separated from their host contracts at:

Balance Sheet Location September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
(In millions)
Embedded derivatives within liability host contracts:
Direct guaranteed minimum benefits Policyholder account balances 232 488
Assumed guaranteed minimum benefits Policyholder account balances 4 5
Funds withheld on ceded reinsurance (including affiliated) Other liabilities 1,135 1,428
Fixed annuities with equity indexed returns Policyholder account balances 157 139
Other guarantees Policyholder account balances — 1
Embedded derivatives within liability host contracts $ 1,528 $ 2,061


	Balance Sheet Location	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
		(In millions)
Embedded derivatives within asset host contracts:
Assumed on affiliated reinsurance	Other invested assets	$	174	$	—
Embedded derivatives within liability host contracts:
Direct guaranteed minimum benefits	Policyholder account balances	$	536	$	257
Assumed guaranteed minimum benefits	Policyholder account balances	5		5

Funds withheld and guarantees on reinsurance (including affiliated)	Other liabilities	(401)		1,072
Fixed annuities with equity indexed returns	Policyholder account balances	126		165
Embedded derivatives within liability host contracts		$	266	$	1,499

4751

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value

Considerable judgment is often required in interpreting the market data used to develop estimates of fair value, and the use of different assumptions or valuation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The assets and liabilities measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis and their corresponding placement in the fair value hierarchy, including those items for which the Company has elected the FVO, are presented below at:


		September 30, 2021									September 30, 2022
		Fair Value Hierarchy									Fair Value Hierarchy
		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Estimated Fair Value			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Estimated Fair Value
		(In millions)									(In millions)
Assets	Assets									Assets
Fixed maturity securities AFS:	Fixed maturity securities AFS:									Fixed maturity securities AFS:
U.S. corporate	U.S. corporate	$	—	$	51,690	$	6,866	$	58,556	U.S. corporate	$	—	$	43,788	$	6,315	$	50,103
U.S. government and agency										U.S. government and agency	9,078		12,962		—		22,040
Foreign corporate	Foreign corporate	—		22,239		7,720		29,959		Foreign corporate	—		17,328		5,534		22,862
U.S. government and agency		16,957		15,363		—		32,320
RMBS	RMBS	8		20,427		2,935		23,370		RMBS	94		17,860		2,136		20,090
ABS		—		11,237		1,291		12,528
ABS & CLO										ABS & CLO	—		10,048		1,524		11,572
Municipals	Municipals	—		8,694		9		8,703		Municipals	—		7,238		—		7,238
CMBS	CMBS	—		6,471		335		6,806		CMBS	—		5,637		301		5,938
Foreign government	Foreign government	—		4,956		25		4,981		Foreign government	—		3,546		25		3,571
Total fixed maturity securities AFS	Total fixed maturity securities AFS	16,965		141,077		19,181		177,223		Total fixed maturity securities AFS	9,172		118,407		15,835		143,414

Short-term investments	Short-term investments	3,310		1,023		52		4,385		Short-term investments	3,302		224		5		3,531
Residential mortgage loans — FVO	Residential mortgage loans — FVO	—		—		134		134		Residential mortgage loans — FVO	—		—		—		—
Other investments	Other investments	359		194		844		1,397		Other investments	252		280		936		1,468
Derivative assets: (1)	Derivative assets: (1)									Derivative assets: (1)
Interest rate	Interest rate	—		6,112		61		6,173		Interest rate	—		4,782		—		4,782
Foreign currency exchange rate	Foreign currency exchange rate	—		1,648		—		1,648		Foreign currency exchange rate	—		4,787		—		4,787
Credit	Credit	—		106		20		126		Credit	—		33		69		102
Equity market	Equity market	18		677		7		702		Equity market	14		1,084		7		1,105
Total derivative assets	Total derivative assets	18		8,543		88		8,649		Total derivative assets	14		10,686		76		10,776

Embedded derivatives within asset host contracts (4)										Embedded derivatives within asset host contracts (4)	—		—		174		174
Separate account assets (2)	Separate account assets (2)	29,738		93,511		1,241		124,490		Separate account assets (2)	16,081		70,602		1,026		87,709
Total assets (3)	Total assets (3)	$	50,390	$	244,348	$	21,540	$	316,278	Total assets (3)	$	28,821	$	200,199	$	18,052	$	247,072
Liabilities	Liabilities									Liabilities
Derivative liabilities: (1)	Derivative liabilities: (1)									Derivative liabilities: (1)
Interest rate	Interest rate	$	—	$	112	$	38	$	150	Interest rate	$	2	$	1,252	$	526	$	1,780
Foreign currency exchange rate	Foreign currency exchange rate	—		1,094		—		1,094		Foreign currency exchange rate	—		2,134		—		2,134
Credit	Credit	—		4		5		9		Credit	—		41		36		77
Equity market	Equity market	1		177		—		178		Equity market	1		154		—		155
Total derivative liabilities	Total derivative liabilities	1		1,387		43		1,431		Total derivative liabilities	3		3,581		562		4,146
Embedded derivatives within liability host contracts (4)	Embedded derivatives within liability host contracts (4)	—		—		1,528		1,528		Embedded derivatives within liability host contracts (4)	—		—		266		266

Separate account liabilities (2)	Separate account liabilities (2)	4		13		4		21		Separate account liabilities (2)	12		17		21		50
Total liabilities	Total liabilities	$	5	$	1,400	$	1,575	$	2,980	Total liabilities	$	15	$	3,598	$	849	$	4,462

4852

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)


		December 31, 2020									December 31, 2021
		Fair Value Hierarchy									Fair Value Hierarchy
		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Estimated Fair Value			Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Estimated Fair Value
		(In millions)									(In millions)
Assets	Assets									Assets
Fixed maturity securities AFS:	Fixed maturity securities AFS:									Fixed maturity securities AFS:
U.S. corporate	U.S. corporate	$	—	$	53,717	$	6,692	$	60,409	U.S. corporate	$	—	$	51,290	$	7,112	$	58,402
U.S. government and agency										U.S. government and agency	15,041		16,181		—		31,222
Foreign corporate	Foreign corporate	—		24,098		8,181		32,279		Foreign corporate	—		21,862		7,823		29,685
U.S. government and agency		12,697		18,074		—		30,771
RMBS	RMBS	—		21,186		3,040		24,226		RMBS	7		20,333		2,805		23,145
ABS		—		11,351		1,224		12,575
ABS & CLO										ABS & CLO	—		11,455		1,424		12,879
Municipals	Municipals	—		8,983		—		8,983		Municipals	—		8,728		—		8,728
CMBS	CMBS	—		6,628		201		6,829		CMBS	—		6,507		371		6,878
Foreign government	Foreign government	—		5,263		5		5,268		Foreign government	—		4,934		12		4,946
Total fixed maturity securities AFS	Total fixed maturity securities AFS	12,697		149,300		19,343		181,340		Total fixed maturity securities AFS	15,048		141,290		19,547		175,885

Short-term investments	Short-term investments	2,216		406		1		2,623		Short-term investments	4,187		677		2		4,866
Residential mortgage loans — FVO	Residential mortgage loans — FVO	—		—		165		165		Residential mortgage loans — FVO	—		—		127		127
Other investments	Other investments	431		270		565		1,266		Other investments	328		192		894		1,414
Derivative assets: (1)	Derivative assets: (1)									Derivative assets: (1)
Interest rate	Interest rate	—		6,816		489		7,305		Interest rate	—		5,982		95		6,077
Foreign currency exchange rate	Foreign currency exchange rate	—		1,408		—		1,408		Foreign currency exchange rate	—		1,676		—		1,676
Credit	Credit	—		109		25		134		Credit	—		106		17		123
Equity market	Equity market	—		454		17		471		Equity market	5		730		7		742
Total derivative assets	Total derivative assets	—		8,787		531		9,318		Total derivative assets	5		8,494		119		8,618

Embedded derivatives within asset host contracts (4)										Embedded derivatives within asset host contracts (4)	—		—		—		—
Separate account assets (2)	Separate account assets (2)	28,296		99,405		945		128,646		Separate account assets (2)	28,231		93,656		1,964		123,851
Total assets (3)	Total assets (3)	$	43,640	$	258,168	$	21,550	$	323,358	Total assets (3)	$	47,799	$	244,309	$	22,653	$	314,761
Liabilities	Liabilities									Liabilities
Derivative liabilities: (1)	Derivative liabilities: (1)									Derivative liabilities: (1)
Interest rate	Interest rate	$	—	$	11	$	68	$	79	Interest rate	$	—	$	70	$	21	$	91
Foreign currency exchange rate	Foreign currency exchange rate	—		1,683		2		1,685		Foreign currency exchange rate	—		1,076		—		1,076
Credit	Credit	—		9		—		9		Credit	—		8		12		20
Equity market	Equity market	16		463		9		488		Equity market	—		222		—		222
Total derivative liabilities	Total derivative liabilities	16		2,166		79		2,261		Total derivative liabilities	—		1,376		33		1,409
Embedded derivatives within liability host contracts (4)	Embedded derivatives within liability host contracts (4)	—		—		2,061		2,061		Embedded derivatives within liability host contracts (4)	—		—		1,499		1,499

Separate account liabilities (2)	Separate account liabilities (2)	12		8		6		26		Separate account liabilities (2)	7		12		6		25
Total liabilities	Total liabilities	$	28	$	2,174	$	2,146	$	4,348	Total liabilities	$	7	$	1,388	$	1,538	$	2,933

__________________

(1)Derivative assets are presented within other invested assets on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets and derivative liabilities are presented within other liabilities on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. The amounts are presented gross in the tables above to reflect the presentation on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets, but are presented net for purposes of the rollforward in the Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) tables.

(2)Investment performance related to separate account assets is fully offset by corresponding amounts credited to contractholders whose liability is reflected within separate account liabilities. Separate account liabilities are set equal to the estimated fair value of separate account assets. Separate account liabilities presented in the tables above represent derivative liabilities.

4953

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)

(3)Total assets included in the fair value hierarchy exclude other limited partnership interests that are measured at estimated fair value using the net asset value (“NAV”) per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient. At September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the estimated fair value of such investments was ~~$77~~$68 million and ~~$70~~$95 million, respectively.

(4)Embedded derivatives within asset host contracts are presented within other invested assets on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. Embedded derivatives within liability host contracts are presented within policyholder account balances and other liabilities on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The following describes the valuation methodologies used to measure assets and liabilities at fair value.

Investments

Securities, Short-term Investments and Other Investments

When available, the estimated fair value of these financial instruments is based on quoted prices in active markets that are readily and regularly obtainable. Generally, these are the most liquid of the Company’s securities holdings and valuation of these securities does not involve management’s judgment.

When quoted prices in active markets are not available, the determination of estimated fair value of securities is based on market standard valuation methodologies, giving priority to observable inputs. The significant inputs to the market standard valuation methodologies for certain types of securities with reasonable levels of price transparency are inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. When observable inputs are not available, the market standard valuation methodologies rely on inputs that are significant to the estimated fair value that are not observable in the market or cannot be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. These unobservable inputs can be based in large part on management’s judgment or estimation and cannot be supported by reference to market activity. ~~Even though these~~Unobservable inputs are ~~unobservable, management believes they are consistent with what other~~based on management’s assumptions about the inputs market participants would use ~~when~~in pricing such ~~securities and are considered appropriate given the circumstances.~~investments.

The estimated fair value of short-term investments and other investments is determined on a basis consistent with the methodologies described herein.

The valuation approaches and key inputs for each category of assets or liabilities that are classified within Level 2 and Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are presented below. The primary valuation approaches are the market approach, which considers recent prices from market transactions involving identical or similar assets or liabilities, and the income approach, which converts expected future amounts (e.g. cash flows) to a single current, discounted amount. The valuation of most instruments listed below is determined using independent pricing sources, matrix pricing, discounted cash flow methodologies or other similar techniques that use either observable market inputs or unobservable inputs.

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Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)

Instrument

Level 2

Observable Inputs

Level 3

Unobservable Inputs

Fixed maturity securities AFS

U.S. corporate and Foreign corporate securities

Valuation Approaches: Principally the market and income approaches.

Valuation Approaches: Principally the market approach.

Key Inputs:

•

quoted prices in markets that are not active

•

illiquidity premium

•

benchmark yields; spreads off benchmark yields; new issuances; issuer ratings

•

delta spread adjustments to reflect specific credit-related issues

•

trades of identical or comparable securities; duration

•

credit spreads

•

privately-placed securities are valued using the additional key inputs:

•

quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar

securities that are less liquid and based on lower levels of trading

activity than securities classified in Level 2

•

market yield curve; call provisions

•

observable prices and spreads for similar public or private securities that

incorporate the credit quality and industry sector of the issuer

•

independent non-binding broker quotations

•

delta spread adjustments to reflect specific credit-related issues

U.S. government and agency securities, Municipals and Foreign government securities

Valuation Approaches: Principally the market approach.

Key Inputs:

•

quoted prices in markets that are not active

•

independent non-binding broker quotations

•

benchmark U.S. Treasury yield or other yields

•

quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar

securities that are less liquid and based on lower levels of trading

activity than securities classified in Level 2

•

the spread off the U.S. Treasury yield curve for the identical security

•

issuer ratings and issuer spreads; broker-dealer quotations

•

credit spreads

•

comparable securities that are actively traded

Structured Products

Valuation Approaches: Principally the market and income approaches.

Key Inputs:

•

quoted prices in markets that are not active

•

credit spreads

•

spreads for actively traded securities; spreads off benchmark yields

•

quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar

securities that are less liquid and based on lower levels of trading

activity than securities classified in Level 2

•

expected prepayment speeds and volumes

•

current and forecasted loss severity; ratings; geographic region

•

independent non-binding broker quotations

•

weighted average coupon and weighted average maturity

•

credit ratings

•

average delinquency rates; DSCR

•

credit ratings

•

issuance-specific information, including, but not limited to:

•

collateral type; structure of the security; vintage of the loans

•

payment terms of the underlying assets

•

payment priority within the tranche; deal performance

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Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)

Instrument

Level 2

Observable Inputs

Level 3

Unobservable Inputs

Short-term investments and Other investments

•

Certain short-term investments and certain other investments are of a similar nature and class to the fixed maturity securities AFS described above; while certain other investments are similar to equity securities. The valuation approaches and observable inputs used in their valuation are also similar to those described above. Other investments contain equity securities valued using quoted prices in markets that are not considered active.

•

Certain short-term investments and certain other investments are of a similar nature and class to the fixed maturity securities AFS described ~~above;~~above, while certain other investments are similar to equity securities. The valuation approaches and unobservable inputs used in their valuation are also similar to those described above. Other investments contain equity securities that use key unobservable inputs such as credit ratings; issuance structures, in addition to those described above for fixed maturities AFS. Other investments also include certain real estate joint ventures and use the valuation approach and key inputs as described for other limited partnership interests below.

Residential mortgage loans — FVO

•

N/A

Valuation Approaches: Principally the market approach.

Valuation Techniques and Key Inputs: These investments are based primarily on matrix pricing or other similar techniques that utilize inputs from mortgage servicers that are unobservable or cannot be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.

Separate account assets and Separate account liabilities (1)

Mutual funds and hedge funds without readily determinable fair values as prices are not published publicly

Key Input:

•

N/A

•

quoted prices or reported NAV provided by the fund managers

Other limited partnership interests

•

N/A

Valued giving consideration to the underlying holdings
of the partnerships and adjusting, if appropriate.

Key Inputs:

•

liquidity; bid/ask spreads; performance record of the fund manager

•

other relevant variables that may impact the exit value of the particular

partnership interest

__________________

(1)Estimated fair value equals carrying value, based on the value of the underlying assets, including: mutual fund interests, fixed maturity securities, equity securities, derivatives, hedge funds, other limited partnership interests, short-term investments and cash and cash equivalents. ~~Fixed~~The estimated fair value of fixed maturity securities, equity securities, derivatives, short-term investments and cash and cash equivalents ~~are similar in nature to~~is determined on a basis consistent with the ~~instruments~~assets described under “— Securities, Short-term Investments and Other Investments” and “— Derivatives — Freestanding Derivatives.”

Derivatives

The estimated fair value of derivatives is determined through the use of quoted market prices for exchange-traded derivatives, or through the use of pricing models for OTC-bilateral and OTC-cleared derivatives. The determination of estimated fair value, when quoted market values are not available, is based on market standard valuation methodologies and inputs that management believes are consistent with what other market participants would use when pricing such instruments. Derivative valuations can be affected by changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, financial indices, credit spreads, default risk, nonperformance risk, volatility, liquidity and changes in estimates and assumptions used in the pricing models.

The significant inputs to the pricing models for most OTC-bilateral and OTC-cleared derivatives are inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. Certain OTC-bilateral and OTC-cleared derivatives may rely on inputs that are significant to the estimated fair value that are not observable in the market or cannot be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. These unobservable inputs may involve significant management judgment or estimation. ~~Even though unobservable, these~~Unobservable inputs are based on management’s assumptions ~~deemed appropriate given~~about the ~~circumstances and management believes they are consistent with what other~~inputs market participants would use ~~when~~in pricing such ~~instruments.~~derivatives.

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Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)

Most inputs for OTC-bilateral and OTC-cleared derivatives are mid-market inputs but, in certain cases, liquidity adjustments are made when they are deemed more representative of exit value. Market liquidity, as well as the use of different methodologies, assumptions and inputs, may have a material effect on the estimated fair values of the Company’s derivatives and could materially affect net income.

The credit risk of both the counterparty and the Company are considered in determining the estimated fair value for all OTC-bilateral and OTC-cleared derivatives, and any potential credit adjustment is based on the net exposure by counterparty after taking into account the effects of netting agreements and collateral arrangements. The Company values its OTC-bilateral and OTC-cleared derivatives using standard swap curves which may include a spread to the risk-free rate, depending upon specific collateral arrangements. This credit spread is appropriate for those parties that execute trades at pricing levels consistent with similar collateral arrangements. As the Company and its significant derivative counterparties generally execute trades at such pricing levels and hold sufficient collateral, additional credit risk adjustments are not currently required in the valuation process. The Company’s ability to consistently execute at such pricing levels is, in part, due to the netting agreements and collateral arrangements that are in place with all of its significant derivative counterparties. An evaluation of the requirement to make additional credit risk adjustments is performed by the Company each reporting period.

Freestanding Derivatives

Level 2 Valuation Approaches and Key Inputs:

This level includes all types of derivatives utilized by the Company with the exception of exchange-traded derivatives included within Level 1 and those derivatives with unobservable inputs as described in Level 3.

Level 3 Valuation Approaches and Key Inputs:

These valuation methodologies generally use the same inputs as described in the corresponding sections for Level 2 measurements of derivatives. However, these derivatives result in Level 3 classification because one or more of the significant inputs are not observable in the market or cannot be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.

Freestanding derivatives are principally valued using the income approach. Valuations of non-option-based derivatives utilize present value techniques, whereas valuations of option-based derivatives utilize option pricing models. Key inputs are as follows:

Instrument

Interest Rate

Foreign Currency
Exchange Rate

Credit

Equity Market

Inputs common to Level 2 and Level 3 by instrument type

•

swap yield curves

•

swap yield curves

•

swap yield curves

•

swap yield curves

•

basis curves

•

basis curves

•

credit curves

•

spot equity index levels

•

interest rate volatility (1)

•

currency spot rates

•

recovery rates

•

dividend yield curves

•

cross currency basis curves

•

equity volatility (1)

Level 3

•

swap yield curves (2)

•

swap yield curves (2)

•

swap yield curves (2)

•

dividend yield curves (2)

•

basis curves (2)

•

basis curves (2)

•

credit curves (2)

•

equity volatility (1), (2)

•

repurchase rates

•

cross currency basis curves (2)

•

credit spreads

•

correlation between model inputs (1)

•

interest rate volatility (1), (2)

•

currency correlation

•

repurchase rates

•

independent non-binding

broker quotations

__________________

(1)Option-based only.

(2)Extrapolation beyond the observable limits of the curve(s).

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Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)

Embedded Derivatives

Embedded derivatives principally include certain direct and assumed variable annuity guarantees, annuity contracts, guarantees on reinsurance, and investment risk within funds withheld related to certain reinsurance agreements. Embedded derivatives are recorded at estimated fair value with changes in estimated fair value reported in net income.

The Company issues certain variable annuity products with guaranteed minimum benefits. GMWBs, GMABs and certain GMIBs contain embedded derivatives, which are measured at estimated fair value separately from the host variable annuity contract, with changes in estimated fair value reported in net derivative gains (losses). These embedded derivatives are classified within policyholder account balances on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

The Company calculates the fair value of these embedded derivatives, which is estimated as the present value of projected future benefits minus the present value of projected future fees using actuarial and capital market assumptions including expectations concerning policyholder behavior. The calculation is based on in-force business, projecting future cash flows from the embedded derivative over multiple risk neutral stochastic scenarios using observable risk-free rates.

Capital market assumptions, such as risk-free rates and implied volatilities, are based on market prices for publicly traded instruments to the extent that prices for such instruments are observable. Implied volatilities beyond the observable period are extrapolated based on observable implied volatilities and historical volatilities. Actuarial assumptions, including mortality, lapse, withdrawal and utilization, are unobservable and are reviewed at least annually based on actuarial studies of historical experience.

The valuation of these guarantee liabilities includes nonperformance risk adjustments and adjustments for a risk margin related to non-capital market inputs. The nonperformance adjustment is determined by taking into consideration publicly available information relating to spreads in the secondary market for MetLife, Inc.’s debt, including related credit default swaps. These observable spreads are then adjusted, as necessary, to reflect the priority of these liabilities and the claims paying ability of the issuing insurance subsidiaries as compared to MetLife, Inc.

Risk margins are established to capture the non-capital market risks of the instrument which represent the additional compensation a market participant would require to assume the risks related to the uncertainties of such actuarial assumptions as annuitization, premium persistency, partial withdrawal and surrenders. The establishment of risk margins requires the use of significant management judgment, including assumptions of the amount and cost of capital needed to cover the guarantees. These guarantees may be more costly than expected in volatile or declining equity markets. Market conditions including, but not limited to, changes in interest rates, equity indices, market volatility and foreign currency exchange rates; changes in nonperformance risk; and variations in actuarial assumptions regarding policyholder behavior, mortality and risk margins related to non-capital market inputs, may result in significant fluctuations in the estimated fair value of the guarantees that could materially affect net income.

The estimated fair value of the embedded derivatives within funds withheld related to certain ceded reinsurance is determined based on the change in estimated fair value of the underlying assets held by the Company in a reference portfolio backing the funds withheld liability. The estimated fair value of the underlying assets is determined as described in “— Investments — Securities, Short-term Investments and Other Investments.” The estimated fair value of guarantees related to reinsurance is determined based on multiple stochastic scenarios and includes a nonperformance risk adjustment. The estimated fair value of these embedded derivatives is included, along with their ~~funds withheld hosts,~~underlying host contracts, in other liabilities on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets with changes in estimated fair value recorded in net derivative gains (losses). Changes in the credit spreads on the underlying assets, interest rates and market volatility may result in significant fluctuations in the estimated fair value of these embedded derivatives that could materially affect net income.

The Company issues certain annuity contracts which allow the policyholder to participate in returns from equity indices. These equity indexed features are embedded derivatives which are measured at estimated fair value separately from the host fixed annuity contract, with changes in estimated fair value reported in net derivative gains (losses). These embedded derivatives are classified within policyholder account balances on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)

The estimated fair value of the embedded equity indexed derivatives, based on the present value of future equity returns to the policyholder using actuarial and present value assumptions including expectations concerning policyholder behavior, is calculated by the Company’s actuarial department. The calculation is based on in-force business and uses standard capital market techniques, such as Black-Scholes, to calculate the value of the portion of the embedded derivative for which the terms are set. The portion of the embedded derivative covering the period beyond where terms are set is calculated as the present value of amounts expected to be spent to provide equity indexed returns in those periods. The valuation of these embedded derivatives also includes the establishment of a risk margin, as well as changes in nonperformance risk.

Embedded Derivatives Within Asset and Liability Host Contracts

Level 3 Valuation Approaches and Key Inputs:

Direct and assumed guaranteed minimum benefits

These embedded derivatives are principally valued using the income approach. Valuations are based on option pricing techniques, which utilize significant inputs that may include swap yield curves, currency exchange rates and implied volatilities. These embedded derivatives result in Level 3 classification because one or more of the significant inputs are not observable in the market or cannot be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. Significant unobservable inputs generally include: the extrapolation beyond observable limits of the swap yield curves and implied volatilities, actuarial assumptions for policyholder behavior and mortality and the potential variability in policyholder behavior and mortality, nonperformance risk and cost of capital for purposes of calculating the risk margin.

Embedded derivatives within funds withheld related to certain ceded reinsurance

These embedded derivatives are principally valued using the income approach. The valuations are based on present value techniques, which utilize significant inputs that may include the swap yield curves and the fair value of assets within the reference portfolio. These embedded derivatives result in Level 3 classification because one or more of the significant inputs are not observable in the market or cannot be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data. Significant unobservable inputs generally include the fair value of certain assets within the reference portfolio which are not observable in the market and cannot be derived principally from, or corroborated by, observable market data.

Transfers between Levels

Overall, transfers between levels occur when there are changes in the observability of inputs and market activity.

Transfers into or out of Level 3:

Assets and liabilities are transferred into Level 3 when a significant input cannot be corroborated with market observable data. This occurs when market activity decreases significantly and underlying inputs cannot be observed, current prices are not available, and/or when there are significant variances in quoted prices, thereby affecting transparency. Assets and liabilities are transferred out of Level 3 when circumstances change such that a significant input can be corroborated with market observable data. This may be due to a significant increase in market activity, a specific event, or one or more significant input(s) becoming observable.

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Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

The following table presents certain quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement, and the sensitivity of the estimated fair value to changes in those inputs, for the more significant asset and liability classes measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) at:


						September 30, 2021				December 31, 2020				Impact of Increase in Input on Estimated Fair Value (2)						September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021				Impact of Increase in Input on Estimated Fair Value (2)
		Valuation Techniques		Significant Unobservable Inputs		Range			Weighted Average (1)	Range			Weighted Average (1)			Valuation Techniques		Significant Unobservable Inputs		Range			Weighted Average (1)	Range			Weighted Average (1)
Fixed maturity securities AFS (3)	Fixed maturity securities AFS (3)														Fixed maturity securities AFS (3)
U.S. corporate and foreign corporate	U.S. corporate and foreign corporate	•	Matrix pricing	•	Offered quotes (4)	1	-	170	112	—	-	186	118	Increase	U.S. corporate and foreign corporate	•	Matrix pricing	•	Offered quotes (4)	—	-	121	87	1	-	165	110	Increase
		•	Market pricing	•	Quoted prices (4)	—	-	111	101	—	-	116	99	Increase		•	Market pricing	•	Quoted prices (4)	5	-	102	95	—	-	117	101	Increase
RMBS	RMBS	•	Market pricing	•	Quoted prices (4)	—	-	180	99	—	-	159	98	Increase (5)	RMBS	•	Market pricing	•	Quoted prices (4)	—	-	113	92	—	-	121	99	Increase (5)
ABS		•	Market pricing	•	Quoted prices (4)	91	-	109	102	1	-	107	100	Increase (5)
ABS & CLO															ABS & CLO	•	Market pricing	•	Quoted prices (4)	76	-	102	92	91	-	110	102	Increase (5)
Derivatives	Derivatives														Derivatives
Interest rate	Interest rate	•	Present value techniques	•	Swap yield (6)	149	-	221	199	92	-	184	149	Increase (7)	Interest rate	•	Present value techniques	•	Swap yield (6)	369	-	379	374	151	-	200	188	Increase (7)
				•	Repurchase rates (8)	—	-	—	—	(12)	-	1	(6)	Decrease (7)				•	Volatility (8)	—%	-	—%	—%	1%	-	1%	1%	Increase (7)
				•	Volatility (9)	0%	-	1%	1%	—	-	—	—	Increase (7)
Foreign currency exchange rate		•	Present value techniques	•	Swap yield (6)	—	-	—	—	(31)	-	(13)	(20)	Increase (7)
Credit	Credit	•	Present value techniques	•	Credit spreads (10)	96	-	128	98	96	-	99	98	Decrease (7)	Credit	•	Present value techniques	•	Credit spreads (9)	86	-	148	105	96	-	133	109	Decrease (7)
		•	Consensus pricing	•	Offered quotes (11)
Equity market		•	Present value techniques or option pricing models	•	Volatility (12)	—	-	—	—	21%	-	28%	28%	Increase (7)
				•	Correlation (13)	—	-	—	—	10%	-	30%	10%			•	Consensus pricing	•	Offered quotes (10)
Embedded derivatives	Embedded derivatives														Embedded derivatives
Direct and assumed guaranteed minimum benefits	Direct and assumed guaranteed minimum benefits	•	Option pricing techniques	•	Mortality rates:										Direct and assumed guaranteed minimum benefits	•	Option pricing techniques	•	Mortality rates:
					Ages 0 - 40	0.01%	-	0.12%	0.08%	0.01%	-	0.12%	0.06%	Decrease (14)					Ages 0 - 40	0.01%	-	0.14%	0.05%	0.01%	-	0.12%	0.08%	Decrease (11)
					Ages 41 - 60	0.05%	-	0.65%	0.27%	0.05%	-	0.65%	0.30%	Decrease (14)					Ages 41 - 60	0.05%	-	0.43%	0.21%	0.05%	-	0.65%	0.27%	Decrease (11)
					Ages 61 - 115	0.32%	-	100%	2.08%	0.31%	-	100%	1.90%	Decrease (14)					Ages 61 - 115	0.33%	-	100%	1.45%	0.32%	-	100%	2.08%	Decrease (11)
				•	Lapse rates:													•	Lapse rates:
					Durations 1 - 10	0.25%	-	100%	6.30%	0.25%	-	100%	6.86%	Decrease (15)					Durations 1 - 10	0%	-	80%	8.84%	0.25%	-	100%	6.30%	Decrease (12)
					Durations 11 - 20	0.70%	-	100%	5.22%	4.70%	-	100%	5.18%	Decrease (15)					Durations 11 - 20	0.70%	-	80%	6.46%	0.70%	-	100%	5.22%	Decrease (12)
					Durations 21 - 116	1.60%	-	100%	5.22%	2%	-	100%	5.18%	Decrease (15)					Durations 21 - 116	1.60%	-	80%	2.90%	1.60%	-	100%	5.22%	Decrease (12)
				•	Utilization rates	0%	-	22%	0.22%	0%	-	22%	0.17%	Increase (16)
				•	Withdrawal rates	0.25%	-	10%	3.72%	0.25%	-	10%	3.98%	(17)
				•	Long-term equity volatilities	16.44%	-	22.16%	18.60%	16.66%	-	22.21%	18.70%	Increase (18)
				•	Nonperformance risk spread	0.05%	-	0.39%	0.35%	0.04%	-	0.39%	0.40%	Decrease (19)

																		•	Utilization rates	0%	-	22%	0.37%	0%	-	22%	0.22%	Increase (13)
																		•	Withdrawal rates	0%	-	10%	4%	0.25%	-	10%	3.72%	(14)
																		•	Long-term equity volatilities	16.46%	-	22.01%	18.49%	16.44%	-	22.16%	18.60%	Increase (15)
																		•	Nonperformance risk spread	0.33%	-	0.81%	0.75%	0.04%	-	0.40%	0.35%	Decrease (16)

__________________

(1)The weighted average for fixed maturity securities AFS and derivatives is determined based on the estimated fair value of the securities and derivatives. The weighted average for embedded derivatives is determined based on a combination of account values and experience data.

(2)The impact of a decrease in input would have resulted in the opposite impact on estimated fair value. For embedded derivatives, changes to direct and assumed guaranteed minimum benefits are based on liability positions.

(3)Significant increases (decreases) in expected default rates in isolation would have resulted in substantially lower (higher) valuations.

(4)Range and weighted average are presented in accordance with the market convention for fixed maturity securities AFS of dollars per hundred dollars of par.

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Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)

(5)Changes in the assumptions used for the probability of default would have been accompanied by a directionally similar change in the assumption used for the loss severity and a directionally opposite change in the assumptions used for prepayment rates.

(6)Ranges represent the rates across different yield curves and are presented in basis points. The swap yield curves are utilized among different types of derivatives to project cash flows, as well as to discount future cash flows to present value. Since this valuation methodology uses a range of inputs across a yield curve to value the derivative, presenting a range is more representative of the unobservable input used in the valuation.

(7)Changes in estimated fair value are based on long U.S. dollar net asset positions and will be inversely impacted for short U.S. dollar net asset positions.

(8)Ranges represent ~~different repurchase rates utilized as components within the valuation methodology and are presented in basis points.~~

~~(9)Ranges represent~~ the underlying interest rate volatility quoted in percentage points. Since this valuation methodology uses an equivalent of LIBOR for secured overnight financing rate volatility, presenting a range is more representative of the unobservable input used in the valuation.

~~(10)~~(9)Represents the risk quoted in basis points of a credit default event on the underlying instrument. Credit derivatives with significant unobservable inputs are primarily comprised of written credit default swaps.

~~(11)~~(10)AtAt both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, independent non-binding broker quotations were used in the determination of less than 1% of the total net derivative estimated fair value.

~~(12)~~Ranges represent the underlying equity volatility quoted in percentage points. Since this valuation methodology uses a range of inputs across multiple volatility surfaces to value the derivative, presenting a range is more representative of the unobservable input used in the valuation.

~~(13)Ran~~ges represent the different correlation factors utilized as components within the valuation methodology. Presenting a range of correlation factors is more representative of the unobservable input used in the valuation. Increases (decreases) in correlation in isolation will increase (decrease) the significance of the change in valuations.

~~(14)~~(11)Mortality rates vary by age and by demographic characteristics such as gender. Mortality rate assumptions are based on company experience. A mortality improvement assumption is also applied. For any given contract, mortality rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.

~~(15)~~(12)Base lapse rates are adjusted at the contract level based on a comparison of the actuarially calculated guaranteed values and the current policyholder account value, as well as other factors, such as the applicability of any surrender charges. A dynamic lapse function reduces the base lapse rate when the guaranteed amount is greater than the account value as in the money contracts are less likely to lapse. Lapse rates are also generally assumed to be lower in periods when a surrender charge applies. For any given contract, lapse rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.

~~(16)~~(13)The utilization rate assumption estimates the percentage of contractholders with GMIBs or a lifetime withdrawal benefit who will elect to utilize the benefit upon becoming eligible. The rates may vary by the type of guarantee, the amount by which the guaranteed amount is greater than the account value, the contract’s withdrawal history and by the age of the policyholder. For any given contract, utilization rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.

~~(17)~~(14)The withdrawal rate represents the percentage of account balance that any given policyholder will elect to withdraw from the contract each year. The withdrawal rate assumption varies by age and duration of the contract, and also by other factors such as benefit type. For any given contract, withdrawal rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative. For GMWBs, any increase (decrease) in withdrawal rates results in an increase (decrease) in the estimated fair value of the guarantees. For GMABs and GMIBs, any increase (decrease) in withdrawal rates results in a decrease (increase) in the estimated fair value.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company~~

~~(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)~~

~~Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)~~

~~7. Fair Value (continued)~~

~~(18)~~(15)Long-term equity volatilities represent equity volatility beyond the period for which observable equity volatilities are available. For any given contract, long-term equity volatility rates vary throughout the period over which cash flows are projected for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.

~~(19)~~(16)Nonperformance risk spread varies by duration and by currency. For any given contract, multiple nonperformance risk spreads will apply, depending on the duration of the cash flow being discounted for purposes of valuing the embedded derivative.

Generally, all other classes of assets and liabilities classified within Level 3 that are not included in the preceding table use the same valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs as previously described for Level 3. The sensitivity of the estimated fair value to changes in the significant unobservable inputs for these other assets and liabilities is similar in nature to that described in the preceding table. The valuation techniques and significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement for the more significant assets measured at estimated fair value on a nonrecurring basis and determined using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) are summarized in “— Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements.”

5861

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)

The following tables summarize the change of all assets (liabilities) measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):


		Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)										Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
		Fixed Maturity Securities AFS												Fixed Maturity Securities AFS
		Corporate (6)		Structured Products		Municipals		Foreign Government		Short-term Investments				Corporate (6)		Structured Products		Municipals		Foreign Government		Short-term Investments
		(In millions)										(In millions)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022													Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Balance, beginning of period													Balance, beginning of period	$	13,004	$	4,090	$	—	$	21	$	100
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)													Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	(4)		10		—		4		—
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI													Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	(1,179)		(110)		—		—		—
Purchases (3)													Purchases (3)	622		216		—		—		5
Sales (3)													Sales (3)	(293)		(181)		—		—		—
Issuances (3)													Issuances (3)	—		—		—		—		—
Settlements (3)													Settlements (3)	—		—		—		—		—
Transfers into Level 3 (4)													Transfers into Level 3 (4)	186		30		—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)													Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	(487)		(94)		—		—		(100)
Balance, end of period													Balance, end of period	$	11,849	$	3,961	$	—	$	25	$	5
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021												Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance, beginning of period	Balance, beginning of period	$	14,105	$	4,831	$	—	$	11	$	77		Balance, beginning of period	$	14,105	$	4,831	$	—	$	11	$	77
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	(27)		10		—		—		—			Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	(27)		10		—		—		—
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	(198)		31		—		—		—			Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	(198)		31		—		—		—
Purchases (3)	Purchases (3)	914		316		9		10		1			Purchases (3)	914		316		9		10		1
Sales (3)	Sales (3)	(329)		(377)		—		—		(2)			Sales (3)	(329)		(377)		—		—		(2)
Issuances (3)	Issuances (3)	—		—		—		—		—			Issuances (3)	—		—		—		—		—
Settlements (3)	Settlements (3)	—		—		—		—		—			Settlements (3)	—		—		—		—		—
Transfers into Level 3 (4)	Transfers into Level 3 (4)	237		—		—		10		—			Transfers into Level 3 (4)	237		—		—		10		—
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	(116)		(250)		—		(6)		(24)			Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	(116)		(250)		—		(6)		(24)
Balance, end of period	Balance, end of period	$	14,586	$	4,561	$	9	$	25	$	52		Balance, end of period	$	14,586	$	4,561	$	9	$	25	$	52
Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Balance, beginning of period		$	12,978	$	4,546	$	—	$	15	$	—
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)		(3)		23		—		—		—
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI		409		80		1		—		—
Purchases (3)		705		263		2		—		—
Sales (3)		(485)		(282)		—		—		—
Issuances (3)		—		—		—		—		—
Settlements (3)		—		—		—		—		—
Transfers into Level 3 (4)		512		26		—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)		(236)		(324)		—		(8)		—
Balance, end of period		$	13,880	$	4,332	$	3	$	7	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)													Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)	$	(3)	$	5	$	—	$	5	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	(20)	$	9	$	—	$	—	$	—		Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	(20)	$	9	$	—	$	—	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2020 (5)		$	(5)	$	13	$	—	$	—	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)													Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)	$	(1,180)	$	(105)	$	—	$	—	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	(199)	$	32	$	—	$	—	$	—		Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	(199)	$	32	$	—	$	—	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2020 (5)		$	401	$	80	$	1	$	—	$	—

5962

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)


		Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)											Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
		Residential Mortgage Loans - FVO		Other Investments		Net Derivatives (7)		Net Embedded Derivatives (8)		Separate Accounts (9)			Residential Mortgage Loans - FVO		Other Investments		Net Derivatives (7)		Net Embedded Derivatives (8)		Separate Accounts (9)
		(In millions)											(In millions)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2022												Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
Balance, beginning of period												Balance, beginning of period	$	109	$	961	$	(103)	$	(341)	$	1,029
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)												Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	1		(20)		(176)		250		2
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI												Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	—		—		(124)		—		—
Purchases (3)												Purchases (3)	—		4		54		—		61
Sales (3)												Sales (3)	(108)		(9)		—		—		(75)
Issuances (3)												Issuances (3)	—		—		(1)		—		(1)
Settlements (3)												Settlements (3)	(2)		—		25		(1)		—
Transfers into Level 3 (4)												Transfers into Level 3 (4)	—		—		—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)												Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	—		—		(161)		—		(11)
Balance, end of period												Balance, end of period	$	—	$	936	$	(486)	$	(92)	$	1,005
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021	Three Months Ended September 30, 2021											Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance, beginning of period	Balance, beginning of period	$	140	$	724	$	39	$	(1,511)	$	1,105	Balance, beginning of period	$	140	$	724	$	39	$	(1,511)	$	1,105
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	—		45		2		29		5		Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	—		45		2		29		5
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	—		—		45		—		—		Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	—		—		45		—		—
Purchases (3)	Purchases (3)	—		109		7		—		150		Purchases (3)	—		109		7		—		150
Sales (3)	Sales (3)	—		(9)		—		—		(18)		Sales (3)	—		(9)		—		—		(18)
Issuances (3)	Issuances (3)	—		—		(1)		—		—		Issuances (3)	—		—		(1)		—		—
Settlements (3)	Settlements (3)	(6)		—		(47)		(46)		—		Settlements (3)	(6)		—		(47)		(46)		—
Transfers into Level 3 (4)	Transfers into Level 3 (4)	—		—		—		—		—		Transfers into Level 3 (4)	—		—		—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	—		(25)		—		—		(5)		Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	—		(25)		—		—		(5)
Balance, end of period	Balance, end of period	$	134	$	844	$	45	$	(1,528)	$	1,237	Balance, end of period	$	134	$	844	$	45	$	(1,528)	$	1,237
Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Balance, beginning of period		$	175	$	696	$	938	$	(2,571)	$	912
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)		6		14		5		270		—
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI		—		—		(20)		—		—
Purchases (3)		—		—		—		—		72
Sales (3)		—		(60)		—		—		(26)
Issuances (3)		—		—		—		—		(2)
Settlements (3)		(5)		—		(132)		(47)		—
Transfers into Level 3 (4)		—		—		—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)		—		(128)		—		—		(9)
Balance, end of period		$	176	$	522	$	791	$	(2,348)	$	947
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)												Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)	$	—	$	(21)	$	(31)	$	250	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	(1)	$	44	$	2	$	27	$	—	Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	(1)	$	44	$	2	$	27	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2020 (5)		$	6	$	13	$	1	$	266	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)												Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)	$	—	$	—	$	(145)	$	—	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	—	$	—	$	25	$	—	$	—	Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	—	$	—	$	25	$	—	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2020 (5)		$	—	$	—	$	(28)	$	—	$	—

6063

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)


		Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)								Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
		Fixed Maturity Securities AFS									Fixed Maturity Securities AFS
		Corporate (6)		Structured Products		Municipals		Foreign Government				Short-term Investments			Corporate (6)		Structured Products		Municipals		Foreign Government		Short-term Investments
		(In millions)								(In millions)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022														Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Balance, beginning of period														Balance, beginning of period	$	14,935	$	4,600	$	—	$	12	$	2
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)														Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	(32)		33		—		(37)		—
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI														Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	(3,774)		(418)		—		6		—
Purchases (3)														Purchases (3)	1,848		580		—		—		5
Sales (3)														Sales (3)	(843)		(737)		—		(1)		(2)
Issuances (3)														Issuances (3)	—		—		—		—		—
Settlements (3)														Settlements (3)	—		—		—		—		—
Transfers into Level 3 (4)														Transfers into Level 3 (4)	119		183		—		45		—
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)														Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	(404)		(280)		—		—		—
Balance, end of period														Balance, end of period	$	11,849	$	3,961	$	—	$	25	$	5
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021													Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance, beginning of period	Balance, beginning of period	$	14,873	$	4,465	$	—	$	5			$	1	Balance, beginning of period	$	14,873	$	4,465	$	—	$	5	$	1
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	(37)		35		—		—				—		Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	(37)		35		—		—		—
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	(618)		29		—		(1)				—		Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	(618)		29		—		(1)		—
Purchases (3)	Purchases (3)	1,434		1,023		9		12				51		Purchases (3)	1,434		1,023		9		12		51
Sales (3)	Sales (3)	(724)		(988)		—		(1)				—		Sales (3)	(724)		(988)		—		(1)		—
Issuances (3)	Issuances (3)	—		—		—		—				—		Issuances (3)	—		—		—		—		—
Settlements (3)	Settlements (3)	—		—		—		—				—		Settlements (3)	—		—		—		—		—
Transfers into Level 3 (4)	Transfers into Level 3 (4)	128		255		—		10				—		Transfers into Level 3 (4)	128		255		—		10		—
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	(470)		(258)		—		—				—		Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	(470)		(258)		—		—		—
Balance, end of period	Balance, end of period	$	14,586	$	4,561	$	9	$	25			$	52	Balance, end of period	$	14,586	$	4,561	$	9	$	25	$	52
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Balance, beginning of period		$	9,382	$	3,395	$	7	$	10			$	17
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)		(85)		29		—		—				—
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI		157		(18)		1		—				—
Purchases (3)		2,307		1,555		2		—				—
Sales (3)		(823)		(570)		—		(1)				(2)
Issuances (3)		—		—		—		—				—
Settlements (3)		—		—		—		—				—
Transfers into Level 3 (4)		3,339		57		—		—				—
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)		(397)		(116)		(7)		(2)				(15)
Balance, end of period		$	13,880	$	4,332	$	3	$	7			$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)														Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)	$	(34)	$	27	$	—	$	(37)	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	(26)	$	32	$	—	$	—			$	—	Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	(26)	$	32	$	—	$	—	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2020 (5)		$	(48)	$	34	$	—	$	—			$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)														Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)	$	(3,777)	$	(400)	$	—	$	6	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	(616)	$	30	$	—	$	(1)			$	—	Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	(616)	$	30	$	—	$	(1)	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2020 (5)		$	135	$	(18)	$	1	$	—			$	—

6164

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)


		Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)												Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
		Residential Mortgage Loans - FVO		Other Investments		Net Derivatives (7)		Net Embedded Derivatives (8)		Separate Accounts (9)				Residential Mortgage Loans - FVO		Other Investments		Net Derivatives (7)		Net Embedded Derivatives (8)		Separate Accounts (9)
		(In millions)										(In millions)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022													Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
Balance, beginning of period													Balance, beginning of period	$	127	$	894	$	86	$	(1,499)	$	1,958
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)													Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	(8)		(39)		(172)		1,424		19
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI													Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	—		—		(541)		—		—
Purchases (3)													Purchases (3)	—		199		82		—		146
Sales (3)													Sales (3)	(108)		(19)		—		—		(1,107)
Issuances (3)													Issuances (3)	—		—		(3)		—		3
Settlements (3)													Settlements (3)	(11)		—		62		(17)		4
Transfers into Level 3 (4)													Transfers into Level 3 (4)	—		3		—		—		—
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)													Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	—		(102)		—		—		(18)
Balance, end of period													Balance, end of period	$	—	$	936	$	(486)	$	(92)	$	1,005
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021												Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Balance, beginning of period	Balance, beginning of period	$	165	$	565	$	452	$	(2,061)	$	939		Balance, beginning of period	$	165	$	565	$	452	$	(2,061)	$	939
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	(3)		120		(112)		663		4			Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)	(3)		120		(112)		663		4
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	—		—		(373)		—		—			Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI	—		—		(373)		—		—
Purchases (3)	Purchases (3)	—		137		13		—		324			Purchases (3)	—		137		13		—		324
Sales (3)	Sales (3)	(11)		(23)		—		—		(43)			Sales (3)	(11)		(23)		—		—		(43)
Issuances (3)	Issuances (3)	—		—		(5)		—		(1)			Issuances (3)	—		—		(5)		—		(1)
Settlements (3)	Settlements (3)	(17)		—		68		(130)		6			Settlements (3)	(17)		—		68		(130)		6
Transfers into Level 3 (4)	Transfers into Level 3 (4)	—		74		1		—		10			Transfers into Level 3 (4)	—		74		1		—		10
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	—		(29)		1		—		(2)			Transfers out of Level 3 (4)	—		(29)		1		—		(2)
Balance, end of period	Balance, end of period	$	134	$	844	$	45	$	(1,528)	$	1,237		Balance, end of period	$	134	$	844	$	45	$	(1,528)	$	1,237
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Balance, beginning of period		$	188	$	799	$	(72)	$	(1,325)	$	915
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) (1), (2)		10		18		236		(889)		1
Total realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI		—		—		993		—		—
Purchases (3)		—		31		—		—		119
Sales (3)		(7)		(97)		—		—		(90)
Issuances (3)		—		—		—		—		(4)
Settlements (3)		(15)		—		(366)		(134)		1
Transfers into Level 3 (4)		—		—		—		—		10
Transfers out of Level 3 (4)		—		(229)		—		—		(5)
Balance, end of period		$	176	$	522	$	791	$	(2,348)	$	947
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)													Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)	$	—	$	(44)	$	(133)	$	1,426	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	(7)	$	117	$	(26)	$	663	$	—		Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	(7)	$	117	$	(26)	$	663	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for the instruments still held at September 30, 2020 (5)		$	6	$	20	$	52	$	(894)	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)													Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2022 (5)	$	—	$	—	$	(478)	$	—	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	—	$	—	$	(206)	$	—	$	—		Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2021 (5)	$	—	$	—	$	(206)	$	—	$	—
Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in AOCI for the instruments still held at September 30, 2020 (5)		$	—	$	—	$	801	$	—	$	—

__________________

(1)Amortization of premium/accretion of discount is included within net investment income. Impairments and changes in ACL charged to net income (loss) on certain securities are included in net investment gains (losses), while changes in estimated fair value of residential mortgage loans — FVO are included in net investment income. Lapses associated with net embedded derivatives are included in net derivative gains (losses). Substantially all realized/unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for net derivatives and net embedded derivatives are reported in net derivative gains (losses).

(2)Interest and dividend accruals, as well as cash interest coupons and dividends received, are excluded from the rollforward.

(3)Items purchased/issued and then sold/settled in the same period are excluded from the rollforward. Fees attributed to embedded derivatives are included in settlements.

(4)Items transferred into and then out of Level 3 in the same period are excluded from the rollforward.

6265

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)

(5)Changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) and included in AOCI relate to assets and liabilities still held at the end of the respective periods. Substantially all changes in unrealized gains (losses) included in net income (loss) for net derivatives and net embedded derivatives are reported in net derivative gains (losses).

(6)Comprised of U.S. and foreign corporate securities.

(7)Freestanding derivative assets and liabilities are presented net for purposes of the rollforward.

(8)Embedded derivative assets and liabilities are presented net for purposes of the rollforward.

(9)Investment performance related to separate account assets is fully offset by corresponding amounts credited to contractholders within separate account liabilities. Therefore, such changes in estimated fair value are not recorded in net income (loss). For the purpose of this disclosure, these changes are presented within net ~~investment gains (losses)~~income (loss). Separate account assets and liabilities are presented net for the purposes of the rollforward.

Fair Value Option

The Company elects the FVO for certain residential mortgage loans that are managed on a total return basis. The following table presents information for residential mortgage loans which are accounted for under the FVO and were initially measured at fair value.

September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
(In millions)
Unpaid principal balance $ 135 $ 172
Difference between estimated fair value and unpaid principal balance (1) (7)
Carrying value at estimated fair value $ 134 $ 165
Loans in nonaccrual status $ 32 $ 45
Loans more than 90 days past due $ 16 $ 27
Loans in nonaccrual status or more than 90 days past due, or both — difference between aggregate estimated fair value and unpaid principal balance $ (6) $ (13)


	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
	(In millions)
Unpaid principal balance	$	—	$	130
Difference between estimated fair value and unpaid principal balance	—		(3)
Carrying value at estimated fair value	$	—	$	127
Loans in nonaccrual status	$	—	$	32
Loans more than 90 days past due	$	—	$	14
Loans in nonaccrual status or more than 90 days past due, or both — difference between aggregate estimated fair value and unpaid principal balance	$	—	$	(7)

~~Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements~~

The following table presents information for assets measured at estimated fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the periods and still held at the reporting dates (for example, when there is evidence of impairment), using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

September 30, December 31, Three Months
Ended
September 30, Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020
Carrying Value After Measurement Gains (Losses)
(In millions)
Mortgage loans, net (1) $ 304 $ 320 $ (16) $ (30) $ (38) $ (38)

~~__________________~~

~~(1)Estimated fair values for impaired mortgage loans are based on estimated fair value of the underlying collateral.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company~~

~~(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)~~

~~Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)~~

~~7. Fair Value (continued)~~

Fair Value of Financial Instruments Carried at Other Than Fair Value

The following tables provide fair value information for financial instruments that are carried on the balance sheet at amounts other than fair value. These tables exclude the following financial instruments: cash and cash equivalents, accrued investment income, payables for collateral under securities loaned and other transactions, short-term debt and those short-term investments that are not securities, such as time deposits, and therefore are not included in the three-level hierarchy table disclosed in the “— Recurring Fair Value Measurements” section. The Company believes that due to the short-term nature of these excluded assets, which are primarily classified in Level 2, the estimated fair value approximates carrying value. All remaining balance sheet amounts excluded from the tables below are not considered financial instruments subject to this disclosure.

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

7. Fair Value (continued)

The carrying values and estimated fair values for such financial instruments, and their corresponding placement in the fair value hierarchy, are summarized as follows at:


		September 30, 2021											September 30, 2022
				Fair Value Hierarchy											Fair Value Hierarchy
		Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Estimated Fair Value			Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Estimated Fair Value
		(In millions)											(In millions)
Assets	Assets											Assets
Mortgage loans (1)	Mortgage loans (1)	$	62,154	$	—	$	—	$	65,562	$	65,562	Mortgage loans (1)	$	61,603	$	—	$	—	$	58,419	$	58,419
Policy loans	Policy loans	$	5,855	$	—	$	—	$	6,814	$	6,814	Policy loans	$	5,732	$	—	$	—	$	6,148	$	6,148

Other invested assets	Other invested assets	$	2,369	$	—	$	2,404	$	1	$	2,405	Other invested assets	$	1,910	$	—	$	1,933	$	—	$	1,933
Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables	Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables	$	12,405	$	—	$	351	$	12,443	$	12,794	Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables	$	11,833	$	—	$	302	$	11,772	$	12,074

Liabilities	Liabilities											Liabilities
Policyholder account balances	Policyholder account balances	$	77,991	$	—	$	—	$	81,153	$	81,153	Policyholder account balances	$	78,941	$	—	$	—	$	75,910	$	75,910
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	$	1,628	$	—	$	2,025	$	—	$	2,025	Long-term debt	$	1,615	$	—	$	1,693	$	—	$	1,693
Other liabilities	Other liabilities	$	13,121	$	—	$	850	$	12,496	$	13,346	Other liabilities	$	12,313	$	—	$	314	$	11,970	$	12,284
Separate account liabilities	Separate account liabilities	$	55,688	$	—	$	55,688	$	—	$	55,688	Separate account liabilities	$	38,509	$	—	$	38,509	$	—	$	38,509


		December 31, 2020											December 31, 2021
				Fair Value Hierarchy											Fair Value Hierarchy
		Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Estimated Fair Value			Carrying Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total Estimated Fair Value
		(In millions)											(In millions)
Assets	Assets											Assets
Mortgage loans (1)	Mortgage loans (1)	$	66,240	$	—	$	—	$	70,391	$	70,391	Mortgage loans (1)	$	60,092	$	—	$	—	$	63,094	$	63,094
Policy loans	Policy loans	$	5,973	$	—	$	—	$	7,148	$	7,148	Policy loans	$	5,816	$	—	$	—	$	6,710	$	6,710

Other invested assets	Other invested assets	$	2,849	$	—	$	2,586	$	167	$	2,753	Other invested assets	$	2,230	$	—	$	1,932	$	356	$	2,288
Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables	Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables	$	13,173	$	—	$	363	$	13,274	$	13,637	Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables	$	12,101	$	—	$	156	$	12,375	$	12,531

Liabilities	Liabilities											Liabilities
Policyholder account balances	Policyholder account balances	$	78,059	$	—	$	—	$	82,982	$	82,982	Policyholder account balances	$	76,387	$	—	$	—	$	79,182	$	79,182
Long-term debt	Long-term debt	$	1,615	$	—	$	2,018	$	—	$	2,018	Long-term debt	$	1,659	$	—	$	2,000	$	—	$	2,000
Other liabilities	Other liabilities	$	12,595	$	—	$	134	$	12,778	$	12,912	Other liabilities	$	12,357	$	—	$	159	$	12,412	$	12,571
Separate account liabilities	Separate account liabilities	$	59,103	$	—	$	59,103	$	—	$	59,103	Separate account liabilities	$	54,254	$	—	$	54,254	$	—	$	54,254

_________________

(1)Includes mortgage loans measured at estimated fair value on a nonrecurring basis and excludes mortgage loans measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis.

6467

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

8. Equity

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Information regarding changes in the balances of each component of AOCI attributable to Metropolitan Life Insurance Company was as follows:


		Three Months Ended September 30, 2021											Three Months Ended September 30, 2022
		Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses), Net of Related Offsets (1)		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Derivatives		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Defined Benefit Plans Adjustment		Total			Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses), Net of Related Offsets (1)		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Derivatives		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Defined Benefit Plans Adjustment		Total
		(In millions)											(In millions)
Balance, beginning of period	Balance, beginning of period	$	8,938	$	1,419	$	(33)	$	(445)	$	9,879	Balance, beginning of period	$	(5,214)	$	1,905	$	(89)	$	(379)	$	(3,777)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		38		228		7		3		276
OCI before reclassifications												OCI before reclassifications	(8,845)		284		(88)		—		(8,649)
Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	20		(178)		(2)		—		(160)		Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	1,872		(60)		19		—		1,831
AOCI before reclassifications, net of income tax	AOCI before reclassifications, net of income tax	8,996		1,469		(28)		(442)		9,995		AOCI before reclassifications, net of income tax	(12,187)		2,129		(158)		(379)		(10,595)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(13)		233		—		7		227		Amounts reclassified from AOCI	186		485		—		10		681
Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	2		75		—		(2)		75		Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	(40)		(102)		—		(2)		(144)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax	Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax	(11)		308		—		5		302		Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax	146		383		—		8		537

Balance, end of period	Balance, end of period	$	8,985	$	1,777	$	(28)	$	(437)	$	10,297	Balance, end of period	$	(12,041)	$	2,512	$	(158)	$	(371)	$	(10,058)


		Three Months Ended September 30, 2020											Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
		Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses), Net of Related Offsets (1)		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Derivatives		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Defined Benefit Plans Adjustment		Total			Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses), Net of Related Offsets (1)		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Derivatives		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Defined Benefit Plans Adjustment		Total
		(In millions)											(In millions)
Balance, beginning of period	Balance, beginning of period	$	10,701	$	3,988	$	(104)	$	(359)	$	14,226	Balance, beginning of period	$	8,938	$	1,419	$	(33)	$	(445)	$	9,879
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(2,397)		(635)		12		(4)		(3,024)
OCI before reclassifications												OCI before reclassifications	38		228		7		3		276
Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	473		133		(4)		1		603		Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	20		(178)		(2)		—		(160)
AOCI before reclassifications, net of income tax	AOCI before reclassifications, net of income tax	8,777		3,486		(96)		(362)		11,805		AOCI before reclassifications, net of income tax	8,996		1,469		(28)		(442)		9,995
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(1)		(427)		—		13		(415)		Amounts reclassified from AOCI	(13)		233		—		7		227
Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	10		90		—		(3)		97		Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	2		75		—		(2)		75
Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax	Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax	9		(337)		—		10		(318)		Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax	(11)		308		—		5		302

Balance, end of period	Balance, end of period	$	8,786	$	3,149	$	(96)	$	(352)	$	11,487	Balance, end of period	$	8,985	$	1,777	$	(28)	$	(437)	$	10,297

6568

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

8. Equity (continued)


		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021											Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022
		Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses), Net of Related Offsets (1)		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Derivatives		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Defined Benefit Plans Adjustment		Total			Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses), Net of Related Offsets (1)		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Derivatives		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Defined Benefit Plans Adjustment		Total
		(In millions)											(In millions)
Balance, beginning of period	Balance, beginning of period	$	10,384	$	1,791	$	(53)	$	(460)	$	11,662	Balance, beginning of period	$	8,485	$	1,872	$	(45)	$	(395)	$	9,917
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(1,862)		(173)		31		1		(2,003)
OCI before reclassifications												OCI before reclassifications	(26,804)		(202)		(140)		—		(27,146)
Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	428		(94)		(6)		—		328		Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	5,643		42		27		—		5,712
AOCI before reclassifications, net of income tax	AOCI before reclassifications, net of income tax	8,950		1,524		(28)		(459)		9,987		AOCI before reclassifications, net of income tax	(12,676)		1,712		(158)		(395)		(11,517)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	Amounts reclassified from AOCI	46		164		—		28		238		Amounts reclassified from AOCI	805		1,013		—		30		1,848
Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	(11)		89		—		(6)		72		Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	(170)		(213)		—		(6)		(389)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax	Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax	35		253		—		22		310		Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax	635		800		—		24		1,459

Balance, end of period	Balance, end of period	$	8,985	$	1,777	$	(28)	$	(437)	$	10,297	Balance, end of period	$	(12,041)	$	2,512	$	(158)	$	(371)	$	(10,058)


		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020											Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
		Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses), Net of Related Offsets (1)		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Derivatives		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Defined Benefit Plans Adjustment		Total			Unrealized Investment Gains (Losses), Net of Related Offsets (1)		Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Derivatives		Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Defined Benefit Plans Adjustment		Total
		(In millions)											(In millions)
Balance, beginning of period	Balance, beginning of period	$	8,876	$	1,620	$	(97)	$	(374)	$	10,025	Balance, beginning of period	$	10,384	$	1,791	$	(53)	$	(460)	$	11,662
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(169)		2,241		3		—		2,075
OCI before reclassifications												OCI before reclassifications	(1,862)		(173)		31		1		(2,003)
Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	11		(471)		(2)		—		(462)		Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	428		(94)		(6)		—		328
AOCI before reclassifications, net of income tax	AOCI before reclassifications, net of income tax	8,718		3,390		(96)		(374)		11,638		AOCI before reclassifications, net of income tax	8,950		1,524		(28)		(459)		9,987
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	Amounts reclassified from AOCI	73		(305)		—		28		(204)		Amounts reclassified from AOCI	46		164		—		28		238
Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	(5)		64		—		(6)		53		Deferred income tax benefit (expense)	(11)		89		—		(6)		72
Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax	Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax	68		(241)		—		22		(151)		Amounts reclassified from AOCI, net of income tax	35		253		—		22		310

Balance, end of period	Balance, end of period	$	8,786	$	3,149	$	(96)	$	(352)	$	11,487	Balance, end of period	$	8,985	$	1,777	$	(28)	$	(437)	$	10,297

__________________

(1)See Note 5 for information on offsets to investments related to policyholder liabilities, DAC, VOBA and DSI.

6669

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

8. Equity (continued)

Information regarding amounts reclassified out of each component of AOCI was as follows:


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020				2022		2021		2022		2021
AOCI Components	AOCI Components	Amounts Reclassified from AOCI								Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) Locations	AOCI Components	Amounts Reclassified from AOCI								Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) Locations
		(In millions)										(In millions)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses):	Net unrealized investment gains (losses):										Net unrealized investment gains (losses):
Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	$	17	$	11	$	(17)	$	(47)	Net investment gains (losses)	Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	$	(174)	$	17	$	(775)	$	(17)	Net investment gains (losses)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	(3)		(6)		(10)		(14)		Net investment income	Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	1		(3)		4		(10)		Net investment income
Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	(1)		(4)		(19)		(12)		Net derivative gains (losses)	Net unrealized investment gains (losses)	(13)		(1)		(34)		(19)		Net derivative gains (losses)
Net unrealized investment gains (losses), before income tax	Net unrealized investment gains (losses), before income tax	13		1		(46)		(73)			Net unrealized investment gains (losses), before income tax	(186)		13		(805)		(46)
Income tax (expense) benefit	Income tax (expense) benefit	(2)		(10)		11		5			Income tax (expense) benefit	40		(2)		170		11
Net unrealized investment gains (losses), net of income tax	Net unrealized investment gains (losses), net of income tax	11		(9)		(35)		(68)			Net unrealized investment gains (losses), net of income tax	(146)		11		(635)		(35)
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives - cash flow hedges:	Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives - cash flow hedges:										Unrealized gains (losses) on derivatives - cash flow hedges:
Interest rate derivatives	Interest rate derivatives	14		9		41		24		Net investment income	Interest rate derivatives	15		14		46		41		Net investment income
Interest rate derivatives	Interest rate derivatives	8		10		56		58		Net investment gains (losses)	Interest rate derivatives	(16)		8		55		56		Net investment gains (losses)
Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives	2		2		4		2		Net investment income	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives	1		2		3		4		Net investment income
Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives	(257)		406		(265)		221		Net investment gains (losses)	Foreign currency exchange rate derivatives	(485)		(257)		(1,117)		(265)		Net investment gains (losses)
Gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, before income tax	Gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, before income tax	(233)		427		(164)		305			Gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, before income tax	(485)		(233)		(1,013)		(164)
Income tax (expense) benefit	Income tax (expense) benefit	(75)		(90)		(89)		(64)			Income tax (expense) benefit	102		(75)		213		(89)
Gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, net of income tax	Gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, net of income tax	(308)		337		(253)		241			Gains (losses) on cash flow hedges, net of income tax	(383)		(308)		(800)		(253)
Defined benefit plans adjustment: (1)	Defined benefit plans adjustment: (1)										Defined benefit plans adjustment: (1)
Amortization of net actuarial gains (losses)	Amortization of net actuarial gains (losses)	(10)		(14)		(33)		(30)			Amortization of net actuarial gains (losses)	(10)		(10)		(31)		(33)
Amortization of prior service (costs) credit	Amortization of prior service (costs) credit	3		1		5		2			Amortization of prior service (costs) credit	—		3		1		5
Amortization of defined benefit plan items, before income tax	Amortization of defined benefit plan items, before income tax	(7)		(13)		(28)		(28)			Amortization of defined benefit plan items, before income tax	(10)		(7)		(30)		(28)
Income tax (expense) benefit	Income tax (expense) benefit	2		3		6		6			Income tax (expense) benefit	2		2		6		6
Amortization of defined benefit plan items, net of income tax	Amortization of defined benefit plan items, net of income tax	(5)		(10)		(22)		(22)			Amortization of defined benefit plan items, net of income tax	(8)		(5)		(24)		(22)
Total reclassifications, net of income tax	Total reclassifications, net of income tax	$	(302)	$	318	$	(310)	$	151		Total reclassifications, net of income tax	$	(537)	$	(302)	$	(1,459)	$	(310)

__________________

(1)These AOCI components are included in the computation of net periodic benefit costs.

6770

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Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

9. Other Revenues and Other Expenses

Other Revenues

Information on other revenues, which primarily includes fees related to service contracts from customers, was as follows:


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020			2022		2021		2022		2021
		(In millions)									(In millions)
Prepaid legal plans	Prepaid legal plans	$	99	$	93	$	298	$	282	Prepaid legal plans	$	105	$	99	$	319	$	298
Recordkeeping and administrative services (1)	Recordkeeping and administrative services (1)	53		49		158		143		Recordkeeping and administrative services (1)	40		53		129		158
Administrative services-only contracts	Administrative services-only contracts	54		54		166		164		Administrative services-only contracts	56		54		168		166
Other revenue from service contracts from customers	Other revenue from service contracts from customers	6		3		26		21		Other revenue from service contracts from customers	8		6		22		26
Total revenues from service contracts from customers	Total revenues from service contracts from customers	212		199		648		610		Total revenues from service contracts from customers	209		212		638		648
Other (2)	Other (2)	156		212		577		577		Other (2)	292		156		648		577
Total other revenues	Total other revenues	$	368	$	411	$	1,225	$	1,187	Total other revenues	$	501	$	368	$	1,286	$	1,225

__________________

(1)Related to products and businesses no longer actively marketed by the Company.

(2)Primarily includes reinsurance ceded. See Note 12.

Other Expenses

Information on other expenses was as follows:


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020			2022		2021		2022		2021
		(In millions)									(In millions)
General and administrative expenses (1)	General and administrative expenses (1)	$	566	$	541	$	1,660	$	1,673	General and administrative expenses (1)	$	675	$	566	$	2,039	$	1,660
Pension, postretirement and postemployment benefit costs	Pension, postretirement and postemployment benefit costs	27		8		85		25		Pension, postretirement and postemployment benefit costs	30		27		89		85
Premium taxes, other taxes, and licenses & fees	Premium taxes, other taxes, and licenses & fees	77		105		243		297		Premium taxes, other taxes, and licenses & fees	108		77		269		243
Commissions and other variable expenses	Commissions and other variable expenses	1,048		445		2,030		1,367		Commissions and other variable expenses	755		1,048		1,728		2,030
Capitalization of DAC	Capitalization of DAC	(16)		(7)		(45)		(30)		Capitalization of DAC	(58)		(16)		(120)		(45)
Amortization of DAC and VOBA	Amortization of DAC and VOBA	99		244		171		331		Amortization of DAC and VOBA	(119)		99		55		171
Interest expense on debt	Interest expense on debt	24		24		72		75		Interest expense on debt	27		24		76		72
Total other expenses	Total other expenses	$	1,825	$	1,360	$	4,216	$	3,738	Total other expenses	$	1,418	$	1,825	$	4,136	$	4,216

__________________

(1)Includes $21 million and $95 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and ($14) million and ($71) million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~respectively, and ($34) million and ($59) million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020,~~ respectively, for the net change in cash surrender value of investments in certain life insurance policies, net of premiums paid.

Affiliated Expenses

See Note 12 for a discussion of affiliated expenses included in the table above.

6871

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

10. Income Tax

For the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the effective tax rate on income (loss) before provision for income tax was 17% and 16%, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2022 differed from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to tax benefits related to tax credits. The Company’s effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 differed from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to tax benefits related to tax credits, the corporate tax deduction for stock compensation and non-taxable investment income.

For the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the effective tax rate on income (loss) before provision for income tax was 14% and 15%, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2021 differed from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to tax benefits related to tax credits and non-taxable investment income. The Company’s effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 differed from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to tax benefits related to tax credits, non-taxable investment income and the corporate tax deduction for stock compensation.

For the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the effective tax rate on income (loss) before provision for income tax was 2% and 15%, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2020 differed from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to tax benefits related to non-taxable investment income and tax credits. The Company’s effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 differed from the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to tax benefits related to non-taxable investment income, tax credits and the finalization of bankruptcy proceedings for a leveraged lease investment.

11. Contingencies, Commitments and Guarantees

Contingencies

Litigation

The Company is a defendant in a large number of litigation matters. Putative or certified class action litigation and other litigation and claims and assessments against the Company, in addition to those discussed below and those otherwise provided for in the Company’s interim condensed consolidated financial statements, have arisen in the course of the Company’s business, including, but not limited to, in connection with its activities as an insurer, mortgage lending bank, employer, investor, investment advisor, broker-dealer, and taxpayer.

The Company also receives and responds to subpoenas or other inquiries seeking a broad range of information from state regulators, including state insurance commissioners; state attorneys general or other state governmental authorities; federal regulators, including the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission; federal governmental authorities, including congressional committees; and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, as well as from local and national regulators and government authorities in jurisdictions outside the United States where the Company conducts business. The issues involved in information requests and regulatory matters vary widely, but can include inquiries or investigations concerning the Company’s compliance with applicable insurance and other laws and regulations. The Company cooperates in these inquiries.

In some of the matters, very large and/or indeterminate amounts, including punitive and treble damages, are sought. Modern pleading practice in the United States permits considerable variation in the assertion of monetary damages or other relief. Jurisdictions may permit claimants not to specify the monetary damages sought or may permit claimants to state only that the amount sought is sufficient to invoke the jurisdiction of the trial court. In addition, jurisdictions may permit plaintiffs to allege monetary damages in amounts well exceeding reasonably possible verdicts in the jurisdiction for similar matters. This variability in pleadings, together with the Company’s actual experience in litigating or resolving through settlement numerous claims over an extended period of time, demonstrates to management that the monetary relief which may be specified in a lawsuit or claim bears little relevance to its merits or disposition value.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company~~

~~(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)~~

~~Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)~~

~~11. Contingencies, Commitments and Guarantees (continued)~~

It is not possible to predict the ultimate outcome of all pending investigations and legal proceedings. The Company establishes liabilities for litigation and regulatory loss contingencies when it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Liabilities have been established for a number of the matters noted below. In certain circumstances where liabilities have been established there may be coverage under one or more corporate insurance policies, pursuant to which there may be an insurance recovery. Insurance recoveries are recognized as gains when any contingencies relating to the insurance claim have been resolved, which is the earlier of when the gains are realized or realizable. It is possible that some of the matters could require the Company to pay damages or make other expenditures or establish accruals in amounts that could not be reasonably estimated at September 30, ~~2021.~~2022. While the potential future charges could be material in the particular quarterly or annual periods in which they are recorded, based on information currently known to management, management does not believe any such charges are likely to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position. Given the large and/or indeterminate amounts sought in certain of these matters and the inherent unpredictability of litigation, it is possible that an adverse outcome in certain matters could, from time to time, have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated net income or cash flows in particular quarterly or annual periods.

Matters as to Which an Estimate Can Be Made

For some ~~of the~~ matters, ~~disclosed below,~~ the Company is able to estimate a reasonably possible range of loss. For matters where a loss is believed to be reasonably possible, but not probable, the Company has not made an accrual. As of September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company estimates the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses in excess of amounts accrued for these matters to be $0 to $125 million.

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

11. Contingencies, Commitments and Guarantees (continued)

Matters as to Which an Estimate Cannot Be Made

For other matters, ~~disclosed below,~~ the Company is not currently able to estimate the reasonably possible loss or range of loss. The Company is often unable to estimate the possible loss or range of loss until developments in such matters have provided sufficient information to support an assessment of the range of possible loss, such as quantification of a damage demand from plaintiffs, discovery from other parties and investigation of factual allegations, rulings by the court on motions or appeals, analysis by experts, and the progress of settlement negotiations. On a quarterly and annual basis, the Company reviews relevant information with respect to litigation contingencies and updates its accruals, disclosures and estimates of reasonably possible losses or ranges of loss based on such reviews.

Asbestos-Related Claims

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company is and has been a defendant in a large number of asbestos-related suits filed primarily in state courts. These suits principally allege that the plaintiff or plaintiffs suffered personal injury resulting from exposure to asbestos and seek both actual and punitive damages. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company has never engaged in the business of manufacturing ~~producing, distributing~~ or selling ~~asbestos or~~ asbestos-containing products, nor has Metropolitan Life Insurance Company issued liability or workers’ compensation insurance to companies in the business of manufacturing ~~producing, distributing~~ or selling ~~asbestos or~~ asbestos-containing products. The lawsuits principally have focused on allegations with respect to certain research, publication and other activities of one or more of Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s employees during the period from the 1920s through approximately the 1950s and allege that Metropolitan Life Insurance Company learned or should have learned of certain health risks posed by asbestos and, among other things, improperly publicized or failed to disclose those health risks. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company believes that it should not have legal liability in these cases. The outcome of most asbestos litigation matters, however, is uncertain and can be impacted by numerous variables, including differences in legal rulings in various jurisdictions, the nature of the alleged injury and factors unrelated to the ultimate legal merit of the claims asserted against Metropolitan Life Insurance Company. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company employs a number of resolution strategies to manage its asbestos loss exposure, including seeking resolution of pending litigation by judicial rulings and settling individual or groups of claims or lawsuits under appropriate circumstances.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company~~

~~(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)~~

~~Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)~~

~~11. Contingencies, Commitments and Guarantees (continued)~~

~~Claims asserted against Metropolitan Life Insurance Company have included negligence, intentional tort and conspiracy concerning the health risks associated with asbestos.~~ Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s defenses ~~(beyond denial of certain factual allegations)~~ include that: (i) Metropolitan Life Insurance Company owed no duty to the ~~plaintiffs — it had no special relationship with the plaintiffs and did not manufacture, produce, distribute or sell the asbestos products that allegedly injured~~ plaintiffs; (ii) plaintiffs did not rely on any actions of Metropolitan Life Insurance Company; (iii) Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s conduct was not the cause of the plaintiffs’ injuries; and (iv) plaintiffs’ exposure occurred after the dangers of asbestos were ~~known; and (v) the applicable time with respect to filing suit has expired.~~known. During the course of the litigation, certain trial courts have granted motions dismissing claims against Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, while other trial courts have denied Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s motions. There can be no assurance that Metropolitan Life Insurance Company will receive favorable decisions on motions in the future. While most cases brought to date have settled, Metropolitan Life Insurance Company intends to continue to defend aggressively against claims based on asbestos exposure, including defending claims at trials.

As reported in the ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report, Metropolitan Life Insurance Company received approximately ~~2,496~~2,824 asbestos-related claims in ~~2020.~~2021. For the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and ~~2020,~~2021, Metropolitan Life Insurance Company received approximately ~~2,156~~1,962 and ~~1,768~~2,156 new asbestos-related claims, respectively. See Note 16 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report for historical information concerning asbestos claims and Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s update in its recorded liability at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. The number of asbestos cases that may be brought, the aggregate amount of any liability that Metropolitan Life Insurance Company may incur, and the total amount paid in settlements in any given year are uncertain and may vary significantly from year to year.

The ability of Metropolitan Life Insurance Company to estimate its ultimate asbestos exposure is subject to considerable uncertainty, and the conditions impacting its liability can be dynamic and subject to change. The availability of reliable data is limited and it is difficult to predict the numerous variables that can affect liability estimates, including the number of future claims, the cost to resolve claims, the disease mix and severity of disease in pending and future claims, the ~~impact of the number of new claims filed in a particular jurisdiction and variations in the law in the jurisdictions in which claims are filed, the possible impact of tort reform efforts, the~~ willingness of courts to allow plaintiffs to pursue claims against Metropolitan Life Insurance Company when exposure to asbestos took place after the dangers of asbestos exposure were well known, and the impact of any possible future adverse verdicts and their amounts.

The ability to make estimates regarding ultimate asbestos exposure declines significantly as the estimates relate to years further in the future. In the Company’s judgment, there is a future point after which losses cease to be probable and reasonably estimable. It is reasonably possible that the Company’s total exposure to asbestos claims may be materially greater than the asbestos liability currently accrued and that future charges to income may be ~~necessary. While the potential future charges could be material in the particular quarterly or annual periods in which they are recorded, based on information currently known by management,~~necessary, but management does not believe any such charges are likely to have a material effect on the Company’s financial position.

The Company believes adequate provision has been made in its interim condensed consolidated financial statements for all probable and reasonably estimable losses for asbestos-related claims. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s recorded asbestos liability is based on its estimation of the following elements, as informed by the facts presently known to it, its understanding of current law and its past experiences: (i) the probable and reasonably estimable liability for asbestos claims already asserted against Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, including claims settled but not yet paid; (ii) the probable and reasonably estimable liability for asbestos claims not yet asserted against Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, but which Metropolitan Life Insurance Company believes are reasonably probable of assertion; and (iii) the legal defense costs associated with the foregoing claims. Significant assumptions underlying Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s analysis of the adequacy of its recorded liability with respect to asbestos litigation include: (i) the number of future claims; (ii) the cost to resolve claims; and (iii) the cost to defend claims.

7173

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

11. Contingencies, Commitments and Guarantees (continued)

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company reevaluates on a quarterly and annual basis its exposure from asbestos litigation, including studying its claims experience, reviewing external literature regarding asbestos claims experience in the United States, assessing relevant trends impacting asbestos liability and considering numerous variables that can affect its asbestos liability exposure on an overall or per claim basis. These variables include bankruptcies of other companies involved in asbestos litigation, legislative and judicial developments, the number of pending claims involving serious disease, the number of new claims filed against it and other defendants and the jurisdictions in which claims are pending. Based upon its regular reevaluation of its exposure from asbestos litigation, Metropolitan Life Insurance Company has updated its liability analysis for asbestos-related claims through September 30, ~~2021.~~

~~Julian & McKinney v. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (S.D.N.Y., filed February 9, 2017)~~

Plaintiffs filed this putative class and collective action on behalf of themselves and all current and former long-term disability (“LTD”) claims specialists between February 2011 and the present for alleged wage and hour violations under the Fair Labor Standards Act (“FLSA”), the New York Labor Law, and the Connecticut Minimum Wage Act. The suit alleges that Metropolitan Life Insurance Company improperly reclassified the plaintiffs and similarly situated LTD claims specialists from non-exempt to exempt from overtime pay in November 2013. As a result, they and members of the putative class were no longer eligible for overtime pay even though they allege they continued to work more than 40 hours per week. Plaintiffs seek unspecified compensatory and punitive damages, as well as other relief. On March 22, 2018, the court conditionally certified the case as a collective action, requiring that notice be mailed to LTD claims specialists who worked for Metropolitan Life Insurance Company from February 8, 2014 to the present. On August 31, 2021, the court granted Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s motion to de-certify the case as a collective action, denied the plaintiffs’ motion to certify classes of LTD claims specialists under New York, Illinois, and Connecticut law, and granted Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s motion for summary judgment as to the lead plaintiff’s FLSA claims. On September 14, 2021, the plaintiffs petitioned the appellate court for permission to appeal the denial of their motion to certify the classes, and on October 1, 2021, the plaintiffs filed a motion seeking interlocutory review of the decertification ruling. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company intends to defend this action vigorously.2022.

Total Asset Recovery Services, LLC. v. MetLife, Inc., et al. (Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York, filed December 27, 2017)

Total Asset Recovery Services (the “Relator”) brought an action under the qui tam provision of the New York False Claims Act (the “Act”) on behalf of itself and the State of New York. The Relator originally filed this action under seal in 2010, and the complaint was unsealed on December 19, 2017. The Relator alleges that MetLife, Inc., Metropolitan Life Insurance Company and several other insurance companies violated the Act by filing false unclaimed property reports with the State of New York from 1986 to 2017, to avoid having to escheat the proceeds of more than 25,000 life insurance policies, including policies for which the defendants escheated funds as part of their demutualizations in the late 1990s. The Relator seeks treble damages and other relief. ~~On April 3, 2019, the court granted MetLife, Inc.’s and Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s motion to dismiss and dismissed the complaint in its entirety.~~ The ~~Relator filed an appeal with the~~ Appellate Division of the New York State Supreme Court, First ~~Department. On December 10, 2020, the Appellate Division~~Department, reversed the court’s order granting MetLife, Inc. and Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s motion to dismiss and remanded the case to the trial court ~~and permitted~~where the ~~Relator’s counsel to file an amended complaint. On March 5, 2021, the~~ Relator has filed an amended complaint. The Company intends to defend the action vigorously.

Matters Related to Group Annuity Benefits

In 2018, the Company announced that it identified a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting related to the practices and procedures for estimating reserves for certain group annuity benefits. Several regulators have made inquiries into this issue and it is possible that other jurisdictions may pursue similar investigations or inquiries. The Company ~~is also~~could be exposed to lawsuits and ~~could be exposed to~~ additional legal actions relating to this issue. These may result in payments, including damages, fines, penalties, interest and other amounts assessed or awarded by courts or regulatory authorities under applicable escheat, tax, securities, Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, or other laws or regulations. The Company could incur significant costs in connection with these actions.

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company~~

~~(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)~~

~~Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)~~

~~11. Contingencies, Commitments and Guarantees (continued)~~

Commitments

Mortgage Loan Commitments

The Company commits to lend funds under mortgage loan commitments. The amounts of these mortgage loan commitments were ~~$3.3~~$2.5 billion and ~~$2.4~~$3.1 billion at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

Commitments to Fund Partnership Investments, Bank Credit Facilities, Bridge Loans and Private Corporate Bond Investments

The Company commits to fund partnership investments and to lend funds under bank credit facilities, bridge loans and private corporate bond investments. The amounts of these unfunded commitments were $4.5 billion ~~and $4.3 billion~~ at both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020, respectively.~~2021.

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

11. Contingencies, Commitments and Guarantees (continued)

Guarantees

In the normal course of its business, the Company has provided certain indemnities, guarantees and commitments to third parties such that it may be required to make payments now or in the future. In the context of acquisition, disposition, investment and other transactions, the Company has provided indemnities and guarantees, including those related to tax, environmental and other specific liabilities and other indemnities and guarantees that are triggered by, among other things, breaches of representations, warranties or covenants provided by the Company. In addition, in the normal course of business, the Company provides indemnifications to counterparties in contracts with triggers similar to the foregoing, as well as for certain other liabilities, such as third-party lawsuits. These obligations are often subject to time limitations that vary in duration, including contractual limitations and those that arise by operation of law, such as applicable statutes of limitation. In some cases, the maximum potential obligation under the indemnities and guarantees is subject to a contractual limitation ranging from less than $1 million to ~~$302~~$263 million, with a cumulative maximum of ~~$418~~$365 million, while in other cases such limitations are not specified or applicable. Since certain of these obligations are not subject to limitations, the Company does not believe that it is possible to determine the maximum potential amount that could become due under these guarantees in the future. Management believes that it is unlikely the Company will have to make any material payments under these indemnities, guarantees, or commitments.

In addition, the Company indemnifies its directors and officers as provided in its charters and by-laws. Also, the Company indemnifies its agents for liabilities incurred as a result of their representation of the Company’s interests. Since these indemnities are generally not subject to limitation with respect to duration or amount, the Company does not believe that it is possible to determine the maximum potential amount that could become due under these indemnities in the future.

The Company’s recorded liabilities were $2 million ~~and $3 million~~ at both September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020, respectively,~~2021, for indemnities, guarantees and commitments.

12. Related Party Transactions

Service Agreements

The Company has entered into various agreements with affiliates for services necessary to conduct its activities. Typical services provided under these agreements include personnel, policy administrative functions and distribution services. The bases for such charges are modified and adjusted by management when necessary or appropriate to reflect fairly and equitably the actual cost incurred by the Company and/or its affiliates. Expenses and fees incurred with affiliates related to these agreements, recorded in other expenses, were $686 million and $2.0 billion for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $624 million and $1.8 billion for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~respectively, and $577~~respectively. Total revenues received from affiliates related to these agreements were $13 million and ~~$1.8 billion~~$36 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, ~~2020, respectively. Total revenues received from affiliates related to these agreements were~~2022, respectively, and $11 million and $32 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~respectively, and $11 million and $30 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020,~~ respectively.

The Company had net payables to affiliates, related to the items discussed above, of ~~$88~~$69 million and ~~$198~~$143 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

See Note 5 for additional information on related party transactions.

7375

Table of Contents

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

12. Related Party Transactions (continued)

Related Party Reinsurance Transactions

The Company has reinsurance agreements with certain of MetLife, Inc.’s subsidiaries, including MetLife Reinsurance Company of Charleston (“MRC”), MetLife Reinsurance Company of Vermont, Metropolitan Tower Life Insurance Company, ~~(“MTL”),~~ and MetLife Insurance K.K., all of which are related parties.

Information regarding the significant effects of affiliated reinsurance on the interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) was as follows:


		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,					Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2021		2020		2021		2020			2022		2021		2022		2021
		(In millions)									(In millions)
Premiums	Premiums									Premiums
Reinsurance assumed	Reinsurance assumed	$	3	$	2	$	845	$	6	Reinsurance assumed	$	2	$	3	$	5	$	845
Reinsurance ceded	Reinsurance ceded	(26)		(26)		(86)		(84)		Reinsurance ceded	(29)		(26)		(97)		(86)
Net premiums	Net premiums	$	(23)	$	(24)	$	759	$	(78)	Net premiums	$	(27)	$	(23)	$	(92)	$	759
Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	Universal life and investment-type product policy fees									Universal life and investment-type product policy fees
Reinsurance assumed	Reinsurance assumed	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	Reinsurance assumed	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Reinsurance ceded	Reinsurance ceded	(13)		(1)		(14)		(3)		Reinsurance ceded	(4)		(13)		(11)		(14)
Net universal life and investment-type product policy fees	Net universal life and investment-type product policy fees	$	(13)	$	(1)	$	(14)	$	(3)	Net universal life and investment-type product policy fees	$	(4)	$	(13)	$	(11)	$	(14)
Other revenues	Other revenues									Other revenues
Reinsurance assumed	Reinsurance assumed	$	1	$	(3)	$	3	$	(12)	Reinsurance assumed	$	23	$	1	$	52	$	3
Reinsurance ceded	Reinsurance ceded	96		143		379		394		Reinsurance ceded	106		96		353		379
Net other revenues	Net other revenues	$	97	$	140	$	382	$	382	Net other revenues	$	129	$	97	$	405	$	382
Policyholder benefits and claims	Policyholder benefits and claims									Policyholder benefits and claims
Reinsurance assumed	Reinsurance assumed	$	1	$	—	$	833	$	1	Reinsurance assumed	$	17	$	1	$	51	$	833
Reinsurance ceded	Reinsurance ceded	(43)		(45)		(115)		(114)		Reinsurance ceded	(36)		(43)		(117)		(115)
Net policyholder benefits and claims	Net policyholder benefits and claims	$	(42)	$	(45)	$	718	$	(113)	Net policyholder benefits and claims	$	(19)	$	(42)	$	(66)	$	718
Interest credited to policyholder account balances	Interest credited to policyholder account balances									Interest credited to policyholder account balances
Reinsurance assumed	Reinsurance assumed	$	8	$	7	$	22	$	21	Reinsurance assumed	$	26	$	8	$	47	$	22
Reinsurance ceded	Reinsurance ceded	(3)		(3)		(9)		(9)		Reinsurance ceded	(3)		(3)		(9)		(9)
Net interest credited to policyholder account balances	Net interest credited to policyholder account balances	$	5	$	4	$	13	$	12	Net interest credited to policyholder account balances	$	23	$	5	$	38	$	13
Other expenses	Other expenses									Other expenses
Reinsurance assumed	Reinsurance assumed	$	—	$	—	$	19	$	—	Reinsurance assumed	$	4	$	—	$	14	$	19
Reinsurance ceded	Reinsurance ceded	713		128		947		382		Reinsurance ceded	343		713		533		947
Net other expenses	Net other expenses	$	713	$	128	$	966	$	382	Net other expenses	$	347	$	713	$	547	$	966

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Metropolitan Life Insurance Company

(A Wholly-Owned Subsidiary of MetLife, Inc.)

Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) — (continued)

12. Related Party Transactions (continued)

Information regarding the significant effects of affiliated reinsurance on the interim condensed consolidated balance sheets was as follows at:

September 30, 2021 December 31, 2020
Assumed Ceded Assumed Ceded
(In millions)
Assets
Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables $ 14 $ 11,730 $ 1 $ 12,453
Deferred policy acquisition costs and value of business acquired — (140) — (145)
Total assets $ 14 $ 11,590 $ 1 $ 12,308
Liabilities
Future policy benefits $ 850 $ (10) $ 48 $ (14)
Policyholder account balances 207 — 123 —
Other policy-related balances 14 1 1 5
Other liabilities 893 12,315 864 12,816
Total liabilities $ 1,964 $ 12,306 $ 1,036 $ 12,807

Effective April 1, 2021, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiary Missouri Reinsurance Inc., entered into an agreement to assume certain group annuity contracts issued in connection with a qualifying pension risk transfer on a modified coinsurance basis from MTL. The significant effects to the Company were primarily increases in other invested assets of $821 million and future policy benefits of $803 million at September 30, 2021, as well as premiums of $838 million and policyholder benefits and claims of $829 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.


	September 30, 2022				December 31, 2021
	Assumed		Ceded		Assumed		Ceded
	(In millions)
Assets
Premiums, reinsurance and other receivables	$	538	$	11,336	$	25	$	11,710
Deferred policy acquisition costs and value of business acquired	69		(164)		6		(139)
Total assets	$	607	$	11,172	$	31	$	11,571
Liabilities
Future policy benefits	$	3,012	$	10	$	3,139	$	(10)
Policyholder account balances	3,533		—		366		—
Other policy-related balances	63		(3)		14		—
Other liabilities	908		10,380		894		12,190
Total liabilities	$	7,516	$	10,387	$	4,413	$	12,180

The Company ceded two blocks of business to an affiliate on a 75% coinsurance with funds withheld basis. Certain contractual features of these agreements qualify as embedded derivatives, which are separately accounted for at estimated fair value on the Company’s interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. The embedded derivatives related to the funds withheld associated with these reinsurance agreements are included within other liabilities and were ~~$31~~($31) million and ~~$45~~$31 million at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. Net derivative gains (losses) associated with these embedded derivatives were $15 million and $62 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $1 million and $14 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~respectively, and $1 million and ($26) million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020,~~ respectively.

Certain contractual features of the closed block agreement with MRC create an embedded derivative, which is separately accounted for at estimated fair value on the Company’s interim condensed consolidated balance sheets. The embedded derivative related to the funds withheld associated with this reinsurance agreement was included within other liabilities and was ~~$1.1 billion~~($464) million and ~~$1.4~~$1.0 billion at September 30, ~~2021~~2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively. Net derivative gains (losses) associated with the embedded derivative were $388 million and $1.5 billion for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, and $50 million and $279 million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2021, ~~respectively, and ($47) million and ($337) million for the three months and nine months ended September 30, 2020,~~ respectively.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Index to Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations


			Page
Forward-Looking Statements and Other Financial Information			7779
Business			7779
Summary of Critical Accounting Estimates			7981


Results of Operations			8082
~~Adoption of New~~Adopted Accounting Pronouncements			8788
Future Adoption of ~~New~~ Accounting Pronouncements			8788
Non-GAAP and Other Financial Disclosures			8788
Risk Management			89

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Forward-Looking Statements and Other Financial Information

For purposes of this discussion, “MLIC,” the “Company,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, a New York corporation incorporated in 1868, and its subsidiaries. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MetLife, Inc. (MetLife, Inc., together with its subsidiaries and affiliates, “MetLife”). Management’s narrative analysis of the Company’s results of operations is presented pursuant to General Instruction H(2)(a) of Form 10-Q. This narrative analysis should be read in conjunction with Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020~~2021 (the ~~“2020~~“2021 Annual Report”), the cautionary language regarding forward-looking statements included below, the “Risk Factors” set forth in Part II, Item 1A, and the additional risk factors referred to therein, and the Company’s interim condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere herein.

This narrative analysis may contain or incorporate by reference information that includes or is based upon forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. See “Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” for cautionary language regarding forward-looking statements.

This narrative analysis includes references to our performance measure, adjusted earnings, that is not based on accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). See “— Non-GAAP and Other Financial Disclosures” for definitions and a discussion of this and other financial measures, and “— Results of Operations” for reconciliations of historical non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures.

Business

Overview

MLIC is a provider of insurance, annuities, employee benefits and asset management. MLIC is organized into two segments: U.S. and MetLife Holdings. In addition, the Company reports certain of its results of operations in Corporate & Other. See Note 2 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on the Company’s segments and Corporate & Other.

COVID-19 Pandemic and Current Market Conditions

We continue to closely monitor developments relating to the ~~novel coronavirus~~ COVID-19 pandemic ~~(the “COVID-19 Pandemic”)~~ and assess its impact on our business. The COVID-19 Pandemic continues to impact the global economy and financial markets and has caused volatility in the global equity, credit and real estate markets. Governments and central banks around the world have responded to the COVID-19 Pandemic with unprecedented fiscal and monetary policies, which have had significant effects and may have ongoing effects on financial markets and the global economy. These policy responses include fiscal and monetary stimulus measures, including, but not limited to, financial assistance, liquidity programs, new financing facilities and reductions in the level of interest rates. The forecasts of the members of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System suggest that the policy rate is likely to remain near zero into 2022, with possible increase thereafter.

We have implemented risk management and business continuity plans and taken preventive measures and other precautions, such as employee business travel restrictions and remote work arrangements which, to date, have enabled us to maintain our critical business processes, customer service levels, relationships with key vendors, financial reporting systems, internal ~~controls~~control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures.

~~We continue~~The COVID-19 pandemic continues to ~~grant certain accommodations~~impact the global economy and financial markets and has caused volatility in the global equity, credit and real estate markets. Governments and central banks around the world responded to ~~our customers~~the COVID-19 pandemic with unprecedented fiscal and ~~borrowers, including (i) relaxing claim documentation requirements for disability claims~~monetary policies, but many of these stimulus programs have concluded due to global economic recovery and ~~(ii) payment deferrals and other loan modifications on certain commercial, agricultural and residential mortgage loans. See Note 5~~rising inflation. In the United States, the Board of Governors of the ~~Notes~~Federal Reserve System (“Federal Reserve Board”) ended its asset purchase program in March 2022 and began to reduce its holdings on June 1, 2022. The Federal Open Market Committee has repeatedly raised interest rates in 2022; further increases in the ~~Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements~~target range for ~~further information regarding COVID-19 Pandemic-related mortgage loan concessions.~~ the federal funds rate are expected throughout 2022 to combat inflation. This has caused the gap between the two-year U.S. Treasury and the 10-year U.S. Treasury yield to invert and has contributed to a heightened level of concern about an economic downturn in the United States before the end of 2023. During inflationary periods with rising interest rates, the value of fixed income investments falls which could increase realized and unrealized losses, resulting in additional deferred tax assets that may not be realizable.

See ~~also~~ “— Results of Operations” for further information regarding the effect of the COVID-19 ~~Pandemic~~pandemic on our businesses.

~~In addition, the possibility of government shutdowns or a failure to raise the U.S. debt ceiling, due to a policy impasse or otherwise, could adversely impact our business and liquidity.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

Regulatory Developments

The following discussion on regulatory developments should be read in conjunction with “Business — Regulation” in the ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report, as amended or supplemented here.

~~National Association~~

Table of Contents

Insurance ~~Commissioners~~Regulation

U.S. Federal Initiatives

U.S. federal initiatives can affect our business in a variety of ways, including regulation of financial services, securities, derivatives, pensions, health care, money laundering, foreign sanctions and corrupt practices, and taxation. The Inflation Reduction Act, signed into law by President Biden on August 16, 2022, included a number of tax-related provisions including a fifteen percent alternative minimum tax rate on adjusted financial statement income. This provision will be effective on January 1, 2023 and is not expected to have a material impact on our results of operations.

Surplus and Capital

Risk-Based Capital

The National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) adopted revisions to certain factors used to calculate Life ~~Risk-Based Capital~~risk-based capital (“RBC”), which is the denominator of the RBC ~~ratios,~~ratio, in light of changes to U.S. tax laws in recent years. These revisions have resulted in increased RBC charges and reduced our RBC ~~ratios.~~ratio. The NAIC ~~has~~ approved RBC revisions for corporate bonds, real estate equity and longevity risk that took effect at year-end 2021. These revisions had a modest net positive RBC impact on us. The NAIC has also approved an RBC update for mortality risk that will take effect at year-end ~~2021~~2022, and ~~are expected~~we expect this revision to have a modest net positive RBC impact on us.

~~NYDFS Guidance on Diversity~~Securities, Broker-Dealer and ~~Corporate Governance~~Investment Adviser Regulation

~~On March 16, 2021, the~~The New York State Department of Financial Services (“NYDFS”) ~~stated it expects the insurers it regulates to make diversity of their leadership a business priority~~Regulation 187 -- Suitability and ~~a key element of their corporate governance. The NYDFS collected data from insurers that met certain New York premium thresholds, including Metropolitan~~Best Interests in Life Insurance ~~Company, regarding~~and Annuity Transactions incorporates the ~~diversity~~“best interest” standard for annuity transactions and sales of ~~their corporate boards and management. The NYDFS plans~~life insurance policies to ~~publish such data on an aggregate basis to measure progress in the industry. In addition, the NYDFS will include diversity-related questions in its examination process starting in 2022.~~

~~Securities, Broker-Dealer and Investment Adviser Regulation~~

consumers. In April 2021, the Appellate Division of the New York ~~State~~ Supreme Court overturned ~~NYDFS Regulation 187-Suitability and Best Interests in Life Insurance and Annuity Transactions~~the regulation for being unconstitutionally ~~vague. The NYDFS has appealed~~vague; however, the ~~decision.~~New York State Court of Appeals reversed this ruling on October 20, 2022.

Environmental Laws and Regulations

In furtherance of President Biden’s Executive Order on Climate-Related Financial Risk, dated May 20, 2021, the Federal Insurance Office (“FIO”) sought public comment on climate-related financial risks in the insurance industry through November 2021. The FIO’s request for information noted that it will work on assessing how the insurance sector may mitigate climate change impacts and help achieve national climate-related goals. The FIO intends to publish a report by year-end that addresses climate-related issues in the regulation of insurers and climate related disclosures by insurers.

On March ~~25, 2021,~~21, 2022, the NYDFS issued for public comment proposed guidance for New York domestic insurers, which states that insurers are expected to take a proportionate approach, based on their business, to managing their exposure to the financial risks from climate change. The NYDFS intends to formally adopt the guidance, as modified by the comment process, and it has integrated questions on this topic as part of its supervisory activities.

On July 14, 2021, the NYDFS published notice of the adoption of amendments to regulations governing enterprise risk management, effective August 13, 2021. Among other provisions, the amendments require that certain additional risks, including climate change risk, be specifically included in an insurance group's enterprise risk management function.

~~The~~ U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ~~(the “SEC”) is continuing its focus on climate,~~proposed rules requiring registrants to provide additional climate-related information in their registration statements and ~~environmental, social~~annual reports, including in their financial statements. The proposal sets forth proposed rules for disclosure of climate-related risks, material impacts, governance, risk management, financial statement metrics, greenhouse gas emissions, attestation of emissions disclosures, and ~~governance (“ESG”) risks~~targets and ~~opportunities, and has published its rulemaking list which contains several ESG-related rulemakings that the SEC is considering.~~goals.

London Interbank Offered Rate

~~The Financial Conduct Authority,~~In March 2022, federal legislation was enacted to address the ~~United Kingdom regulator of~~transition from U.S. Dollar London Interbank Offered ~~Rates~~Rate (“LIBOR”)~~, previously indicated that it intends~~ to ~~stop persuading~~alternative reference rates for all U.S. law governed contracts with non-existent or ~~compelling panel banks~~inadequate U.S. Dollar LIBOR fallback provisions. Except with respect to ~~submit quotes used to determine LIBOR after 2021. On March 5, 2021,~~ the ~~Intercontinental Exchange Benchmark Administration, the administrator of LIBOR, announced that it will cease the publication of one week~~one-week and two-month U.S. Dollar LIBOR ~~and~~tenors, the federal legislation supersedes all ~~non-USD (GBP, EUR, CHF and JPY) LIBOR settings at~~state law addressing the ~~end of December 2021, but will extend the publication of the remaining~~ U.S. Dollar LIBOR ~~settings (overnight and one, three, six and 12 month U.S. Dollar LIBOR) until~~transition, including legislation enacted in New York in 2021. The implementation of the ~~end of June 2023. U.S. bank regulators have advised banks to cease writing,~~federal legislation is subject to ~~certain limited exceptions, new U.S. Dollar LIBOR contracts~~regulations to be promulgated by the ~~end of 2021.~~

We use LIBOR and other interbank offered rates as interest reference rates in many of our financial instruments. Existing contract fallback provisions, and whether, how, and when we and others develop and adopt alternative reference rates, will influence the effect of any changes to or discontinuation of LIBOR on us. We actively participate in the New York Federal Reserve Bank convened Alternative Reference Rate Committee (“ARRC”) and other industry association efforts on the transition to alternative reference rates. In April 2021, the State of New York enacted legislation to address the transition from LIBOR for certain New York law governed agreements, which is generally consistent with the ARRC’s recommendations to facilitate the transition.Board. We continue to assess current and alternative reference rates’ merits, limitations, risks and suitability for our investment and insurance processes.

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Summary of Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to adopt accounting policies and make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported on the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The most critical estimates include those used in determining:

(i) liabilities for future policy benefits and the accounting for reinsurance;

(ii) capitalization and amortization of deferred policy acquisition costs (“DAC”) and the establishment and amortization of value of business acquired (“VOBA”);

(iii) estimated fair values of investments in the absence of quoted market values;

(iv) investment allowance for credit loss and impairments;

(v) estimated fair values of freestanding derivatives and the recognition and estimated fair value of embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation;

(vi) measurement of employee benefit plan liabilities;

(vii) measurement of income taxes and the valuation of deferred tax assets; and

(viii) liabilities for litigation and regulatory matters.

In applying these policies and estimates, management makes subjective and complex judgments that frequently require assumptions about matters that are inherently uncertain. Many of these policies, estimates and related judgments are common in the insurance and financial services industries; others are specific to our business and operations. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

The Company’s critical accounting estimates are described in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Summary of Critical Accounting Estimates” and Note 1 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report.

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Results of Operations

Consolidated Results


		Nine Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
			2021		2020				2022		2021
			(In millions)						(In millions)
Revenues	Revenues						Revenues
Premiums	Premiums		$	17,971	$	15,259	Premiums		$	25,347	$	17,971
Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	Universal life and investment-type product policy fees		1,555		1,501		Universal life and investment-type product policy fees		1,523		1,555
Net investment income	Net investment income		9,552		7,423		Net investment income		7,528		9,552
Other revenues	Other revenues		1,225		1,187		Other revenues		1,286		1,225
Net investment gains (losses)	Net investment gains (losses)		692		(96)		Net investment gains (losses)		(391)		692
Net derivative gains (losses)	Net derivative gains (losses)		(906)		2,213		Net derivative gains (losses)		980		(906)
Total revenues	Total revenues		30,089		27,487		Total revenues		36,273		30,089
Expenses	Expenses						Expenses
Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends	Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends		20,895		17,736		Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends		27,107		20,895
Interest credited to policyholder account balances	Interest credited to policyholder account balances		1,535		1,720		Interest credited to policyholder account balances		1,645		1,535
Capitalization of DAC	Capitalization of DAC		(45)		(30)		Capitalization of DAC		(120)		(45)
Amortization of DAC and VOBA	Amortization of DAC and VOBA		171		331		Amortization of DAC and VOBA		55		171
Interest expense on debt	Interest expense on debt		72		75		Interest expense on debt		76		72
Other expenses	Other expenses		4,018		3,362		Other expenses		4,125		4,018
Total expenses	Total expenses		26,646		23,194		Total expenses		32,888		26,646
Income (loss) before provision for income tax	Income (loss) before provision for income tax		3,443		4,293		Income (loss) before provision for income tax		3,385		3,443
Provision for income tax expense (benefit)	Provision for income tax expense (benefit)		510		626		Provision for income tax expense (benefit)		539		510

Net income (loss)	Net income (loss)		2,933		3,667		Net income (loss)		2,846		2,933
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		5		(1)		Less: Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests		4		5
Net income (loss) attributable to Metropolitan Life Insurance Company	Net income (loss) attributable to Metropolitan Life Insurance Company		$	2,928	$	3,668	Net income (loss) attributable to Metropolitan Life Insurance Company		$	2,842	$	2,928

Nine Months Ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 Compared with the Nine Months Ended September 30, ~~2020~~2021

During the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2022, net income (loss) decreased ~~$734~~$87 million from the prior period, primarily driven by an unfavorable changes in adjusted earnings and net investment gains (losses), largely offset by a favorable change in net derivative gains (losses), net of investment hedge adjustments, ~~partially offset by favorable changes in adjusted earnings~~ and ~~net investment gains (losses), as well as~~ a favorable change from our annual actuarial assumption reviews.

Management of Investment Portfolio and Hedging Market Risks with Derivatives. We manage our investment portfolio using disciplined asset/liability management principles, focusing on cash flow and duration to support our current and future liabilities. Our intent is to match the timing and amount of liability cash outflows with invested assets that have cash inflows of comparable timing and amount, while optimizing risk-adjusted investment income and risk-adjusted total return. Our investment portfolio is heavily weighted toward fixed income investments, with over 80% of our portfolio invested in fixed maturity securities available-for-sale and mortgage loans. These securities and loans have varying maturities and other characteristics which cause them to be generally well suited for matching the cash flow and duration of insurance liabilities.

We purchase investments to support our insurance liabilities and not to generate net investment gains and losses. However, net investment gains and losses are incurred and can change significantly from period to period due to changes in external influences, including changes in market factors such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, credit spreads and equity markets; counterparty specific factors such as financial performance, credit rating and collateral valuation; and internal factors such as portfolio rebalancing. Changes in these factors from period to period can significantly impact the levels of provision for credit loss and impairments on our investment portfolio, as well as realized gains and losses on investments sold.

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We also use derivatives as an integral part of our management of the investment portfolio and insurance liabilities to hedge certain risks, including changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, credit spreads and equity market levels. We use freestanding interest rate, equity, credit and currency derivatives to hedge certain invested assets and insurance liabilities. A portion of these hedges are designated and qualify as accounting hedges, which reduce volatility in earnings. For those hedges not designated as accounting hedges, changes in market factors lead to the recognition of fair value changes in net derivative gains (losses) generally without an offsetting gain or loss recognized in earnings for the item being hedged, which creates volatility in earnings. We actively evaluate market risk hedging needs and strategies to ensure our liquidity objectives are met under a range of market conditions.

Certain direct or assumed variable annuity products with guaranteed minimum benefits contain embedded derivatives that are measured at estimated fair value separately from the host variable annuity contract, with changes in estimated fair value recorded in net derivative gains (losses). We use freestanding derivatives to hedge the market risks inherent in these variable annuity guarantees. The valuation of these embedded derivatives includes a nonperformance risk adjustment, which is unhedged, and can be a significant driver of net derivative gains (losses) and volatility in earnings, but does not have an economic impact on us.

We continuously review and refine our hedging strategy in light of changing economic and ~~ongoing refinement of the strategy may be required to take advantage of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners rules related to a~~market conditions, evolving NAIC and NYDFS statutory requirements, and accounting ~~election for derivatives that mitigate interest rate sensitivity related to variable annuity guarantees.~~rule changes. As a part of our current ~~hedge~~hedging strategy, we maintain portfolio level derivatives in our macro hedge program. These macro hedge program derivatives, which are included in the non-VA program derivatives section of the table below, mitigate the potential ~~loss of~~deterioration in our ~~overall statutory~~ capital positions from significant adverse economic conditions.

~~Table of Contents~~

Net Derivative Gains (Losses). Direct and assumed variable annuity embedded derivatives and associated freestanding derivative hedges are collectively referred to as “VA program derivatives.” All other derivatives that are economic hedges of certain invested assets and insurance liabilities are referred to as “non-VA program derivatives.” The table below presents the impact on net derivative gains (losses) from non-VA program derivatives and VA program derivatives:


		Nine Months Ended September 30,					Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2021		2020			2022		2021
		(In millions)					(In millions)
Non-VA program derivatives:	Non-VA program derivatives:					Non-VA program derivatives:
Interest rate	Interest rate	$	(830)	$	3,202	Interest rate	$	(1,081)	$	(830)
Foreign currency exchange rate	Foreign currency exchange rate	189		20		Foreign currency exchange rate	611		189
Credit	Credit	47		(62)		Credit	(84)		47
Equity	Equity	(570)		(239)		Equity	316		(570)
Non-VA embedded derivatives	Non-VA embedded derivatives	278		(333)		Non-VA embedded derivatives	1,581		278
Total non-VA program derivatives	Total non-VA program derivatives	(886)		2,588		Total non-VA program derivatives	1,343		(886)
VA program derivatives:	VA program derivatives:					VA program derivatives:
Embedded derivatives-direct and assumed guarantees:	Embedded derivatives-direct and assumed guarantees:					Embedded derivatives-direct and assumed guarantees:
Market risks	Market risks	524		(407)		Market risks	273		524
Nonperformance risk adjustment	Nonperformance risk adjustment	(10)		53		Nonperformance risk adjustment	41		(10)
Other risks	Other risks	(129)		(202)		Other risks	(471)		(129)
Total	Total	385		(556)		Total	(157)		385
Freestanding derivatives hedging direct and assumed embedded derivatives	Freestanding derivatives hedging direct and assumed embedded derivatives	(405)		181		Freestanding derivatives hedging direct and assumed embedded derivatives	(206)		(405)
Total VA program derivatives	Total VA program derivatives	(20)		(375)		Total VA program derivatives	(363)		(20)
Net derivative gains (losses)	Net derivative gains (losses)	$	(906)	$	2,213	Net derivative gains (losses)	$	980	$	(906)

Table of Contents

The ~~unfavorable~~favorable change in net derivative gains (losses) on non-VA program derivatives was ~~$3.5~~$2.2 billion ($~~2.7~~1.8 billion, net of income tax). This was primarily due to long-term rates increasing in the current period versus decreasing significantly in the prior period. This unfavorably impacted the estimated fair value of receive fixed interest rate swaps and options that are part of our macro hedge program. In addition, key equity indexes increased in the current period versus decreased in the prior period or increased more in the current period compared with the prior period. This unfavorably impacted the estimated fair value of equity options and equity total rate of return swaps that are part of our macro hedge program. These unfavorable impacts were partially offset by a change in the value of the underlying assets, favorably impacting non-VA embedded derivatives related to funds withheld on a certain reinsurance agreement. In addition, key equity indexes decreased in the current period versus increased in the prior period, favorably impacting equity options and total rate of return swaps acquired primarily as part of our macro hedge program. Because certain of these hedging strategies are not designated or do not qualify as accounting hedges, the changes in the estimated fair value of these freestanding derivatives are recognized in net derivative gains (losses) without an offsetting gain or loss recognized in earnings for the items being hedged.

The ~~favorable~~unfavorable change in net derivative gains (losses) on VA program derivatives was ~~$355~~$343 million ($~~280~~271 million, net of income tax). This was due to (i) ~~a favorable~~an unfavorable change of ~~$345~~$342 million ($~~273~~270 million, net of income tax) in other risks in embedded derivatives, and (ii) an unfavorable change of $52 million ($41 million, net of income tax) in market risks in embedded derivatives, ~~net of~~partially offset by freestanding derivatives ~~that hedge~~hedging market risks in embedded ~~derivatives, and (ii)~~derivatives. These unfavorable variances were partially offset by a favorable change of ~~$73~~$51 million ($58 million, net of income tax) in other risks in embedded derivatives (primarily policyholder behavior and other non-market risks that generally cannot be hedged), partially offset by an unfavorable change of $63 million ($5040 million, net of income tax) in the nonperformance risk adjustment ~~included in the valuation of~~on the direct and assumed variable annuity embedded derivatives.

The aforementioned ~~$345~~$342 million ($~~273~~270 million, net of income tax) favorable change reflects a $931 million ($736 million, net of income tax) favorable change in market risks in embedded derivatives, partially offset by a $586 million ($463 million, net of income tax) unfavorable ~~change in freestanding derivatives that hedge market risks in embedded derivatives.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

~~The primary changes in market factors affecting the valuation of VA program derivatives are summarized as follows:~~

•Key equity index levels increased more in the current period compared with the prior period, contributing to a favorable change in our embedded derivatives and an unfavorable change in our freestanding derivatives. For example, the S&P Global Ratings 500 Index increased 15% in the current period and increased 4% in the prior period.

•Long-term interest rates increased in the current period versus decreased significantly in the prior period, contributing to a favorable change in our embedded derivatives and an unfavorable change in our freestanding derivatives. For example, the 30-year U.S. swap rate increased 39 basis points in the current period and decreased 97 basis points in the prior period.

~~The aforementioned $73 million ($58 million, net of income tax) favorable~~ change in other risks in embedded derivatives reflects actuarial assumption updates and a combination of factors, such as fees deducted from accounts, changes in the benefit base, premiums, lapses, withdrawals and deaths, in addition to changes to cross-effect, basis mismatch, risk margin and fund allocation.

The aforementioned ~~$63~~$52 million ($5041 million, net of income tax) unfavorable change reflects a $251 million ($198 million, net of income tax) unfavorable change in market risks in embedded derivatives, partially offset by a $199 million ($157 million, net of income tax) favorable change in freestanding derivatives hedging market risks in embedded derivatives.

The primary changes in market factors affecting the valuation of VA program derivatives are summarized as follows:

•Key equity index levels decreased in the current period versus increased in the prior period, contributing to an unfavorable change in our embedded derivatives and a favorable change in our freestanding derivatives. For example, the S&P Global Ratings 500 Index decreased 25% in the current period and increased 15% in the prior period.

•Long-term interest rates increased more significantly in the current period compared to the prior period, contributing to an unfavorable change in our freestanding derivatives and a favorable change in our embedded derivatives. For example, the 30-year U.S. swap rate increased 162 basis points in the current period and increased 39 basis points in the prior period.

The aforementioned $51 million ($40 million, net of income tax) favorable change in the nonperformance risk adjustment on the direct and assumed variable annuity embedded derivatives resulted from ~~an unfavorable~~a favorable change of ~~$55~~$34 million ~~before~~($27 million, net of income ~~tax,~~tax) related to model changes and changes in capital market inputs, such as long-term interest rates and key equity index levels, on variable annuity guarantees, in addition to ~~an unfavorable~~a favorable change of $8$17 million ~~before~~($13 million, net of income ~~tax,~~tax) related to changes in our own credit spread.

When equity index levels decrease in isolation, the direct and assumed variable annuity guarantees become more valuable to policyholders, which results in an increase in the undiscounted embedded derivative liability. Discounting this unfavorable change by the risk adjusted rate results in a smaller loss than by discounting at the risk-free rate, thus creating a gain from including an adjustment for nonperformance risk on the direct and assumed variable annuity embedded derivatives.

When the risk-free interest rate decreases in isolation, discounting the embedded derivative liability produces a higher valuation of the liability than if the risk-free interest rate had remained constant. Discounting this unfavorable change by the risk adjusted rate results in a smaller loss than by discounting at the risk-free interest rate, thus creating a gain from including an adjustment for nonperformance risk on the direct and assumed variable annuity embedded derivatives.

When our own credit spread increases in isolation, discounting the embedded derivative liability produces a lower valuation of the liability than if our own credit spread had remained constant. As a result, a gain is created from including an adjustment for nonperformance risk on the direct and assumed variable annuity embedded derivatives. For each of these primary market drivers, the opposite effect occurs when the driver moves in the opposite direction.

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Net Investment Gains (Losses).The ~~favorable~~unfavorable change in net investment gains (losses) of ~~$788 million~~$1.1 billion ($~~623~~856 million, net of income tax) primarily reflects: (i) ~~increased~~higher losses on sales on fixed maturity securities, (ii) lower gains on sales of real estate investments, ~~compared to the prior period, (ii) lower~~and (iii) higher provisions for credit loss on fixed maturity securities, and current period releases compared to a prior period provision for mortgage loan credit loss, (iii) mark-to-market gains in the current period compared to mark-to-market losses in the prior period on equity securities, which are measured at estimated fair value throughpartially offset by (iv) net ~~income (loss), and (iv) higher~~ foreign currency transaction gains in the current period. ~~These favorable changes were partially offset by a prior period recovery on a leveraged lease that was previously impaired.~~

Taxes. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, our effective tax rate on income (loss) before provision for income tax was 16%, which differed from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% primarily due to tax benefits from tax credits, the corporate tax deduction for stock compensation and non-taxable investment income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, our effective tax rate on income (loss) before provision for income tax was 15%, which differed from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% primarily due to tax benefits ~~related to~~from tax credits, non-taxable investment income and the corporate tax deduction for stock compensation. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, our effective tax rate on income (loss) before provision for income tax was 15%, which differed from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% primarily due to tax benefits related to non-taxable investment income, tax credits and the finalization of bankruptcy proceedings for a leveraged lease investment.

Actuarial Assumption ~~Review.~~ Review and Certain Other Insurance Adjustments. Results for the current period include a $17 million ($14 million, net of income tax) gain associated with our annual review of actuarial assumptions related to reserves and DAC, of which a $353 million ($279 million, net of income tax) loss was recognized in net derivative gains (losses).

Of the $17 million gain, a $226 million ($179 million, net of income tax) gain was related to DAC and a $209 million ($165 million, net of income tax) charge was associated with reserves. The portion of the $17 million gain that is included in adjusted earnings is a charge of $1 million ($1 million, net of income tax).

The $353 million ($279 million, net of income tax) loss recognized in net derivative gains (losses) associated with our annual review of actuarial assumptions is included within the other risks in embedded derivatives caption in the table above.

As a result of our annual review of actuarial assumptions, changes were made to economic, biometric, policyholder behavior, and operational assumptions. The most significant impacts were in the MetLife Holdings segment, including economic assumption updates related to the projection of closed block results and updates to the behavioral assumptions for variable annuities. The breakdown of total current period results is summarized as follows:

•Economic assumption updates resulted in favorable impacts to reserves and DAC for a net gain of $179 million ($142 million, net of income tax).

•Changes in biometric assumptions resulted in favorable impacts to DAC and unfavorable impacts to reserves for a net gain of $1 million ($1 million, net of income tax).

•Changes in policyholder behavior assumptions resulted in unfavorable impacts to reserves and favorable impacts to DAC for a net charge of $201 million ($159 million, net of income tax).

•Changes in operational assumptions resulted in favorable impacts to reserves and unfavorable impacts to DAC for a net gain of $38 million ($30 million, net of income tax).

Results for the prior period include a $167 million ($133 million, net of income tax) charge associated with our annual review of actuarial assumptions related to reserves and DAC, of which a $6 million ($5 million, net of income tax) loss was recognized in net derivative gains (losses).

Of the $167 million charge, a $7 million ($2 million, net of income tax) gain was related to DAC and a $174 million ($135 million, net of income tax) charge was associated with reserves. The portion of the $167 million charge that is included in adjusted earnings is $68 million ($53 million, net of income tax).

~~Table of Contents~~

~~The $6~~Certain other insurance adjustments recorded in the current period include a $115 million ($591 million, net of income tax) ~~loss recognized~~favorable reinsurance recapture in ~~net derivative gains (losses) associated with~~ our ~~annual review of actuarial assumptions is included within the other risks in embedded derivatives line in the table above.~~

AsU.S. segment and a result of our annual review of actuarial assumptions, changes were made to economic, biometric, policyholder behavior, and operational assumptions. The most significant impacts were in the MetLife Holdings segment, driven by updates to behavioral assumptions for variable annuities. The breakdown of total current period results is summarized as follows:

•~~Economic assumption updates resulted in unfavorable impacts to reserves, partially offset by favorable impacts to DAC, for a net charge of $22~~$83 million ($~~19 million, net of income tax).~~

•~~Changes in biometric assumptions resulted in favorable impacts to reserves, partially offset by unfavorable impacts to DAC, for a net gain of $26 million ($22 million, net of income tax).~~

•Changes in policyholder behavior assumptions resulted in unfavorable impacts to reserves, partially offset by favorable impacts to DAC, for a net charge of $180 million ($143 million, net of income tax).

•~~Changes in operational assumptions resulted in favorable impacts to reserves, partially offset by unfavorable impacts to DAC, for a net gain of $9 million ($7 million, net of income tax).~~

~~Results for the prior period include a $252 million ($199~~66 million, net of income tax) charge ~~associated with our annual review of actuarial assumptions~~ related to ~~reserves and DAC, of which a $57 million ($45 million, net of income tax) gain was recognized~~model refinements in net derivative gains (losses). Of the $252 million charge, $64 million ($51 million, net of income tax) was related to DAC and $188 million ($148 million, net of income tax) was associated with reserves. The portion of the $252 million charge that isour MetLife Holdings segment. These adjustments are included in adjusted ~~earnings is $138 million ($109 million, net of income tax).~~earnings.

Adjusted Earnings. As more fully described in “— Non-GAAP and Other Financial Disclosures,” we use adjusted earnings, which does not equate to net income (loss), as determined in accordance with GAAP, to analyze our performance, evaluate segment performance, and allocate resources. We believe that the presentation of adjusted earnings, as we measure it for management purposes, enhances the understanding of our performance by highlighting the results of operations and the underlying profitability drivers of the business. Adjusted earnings allows analysis of our performance and facilitates comparisons to industry results. Adjusted earnings should not be viewed as a substitute for net income (loss). Adjusted earnings ~~increased $1.1~~decreased $1.4 billion, net of income tax, to ~~$3.6~~$2.2 billion, netnet of income tax,, for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 from ~~$2.5~~ $3.6 billion, net of income tax, for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2020.~~2021.

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Reconciliation of net income (loss) to adjusted earnings and premiums, fees and other revenues to adjusted premiums, fees and other revenues


			Nine Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
			2021		2020				2022		2021
			(In millions)						(In millions)
Net income (loss)	Net income (loss)		$	2,933	$	3,667	Net income (loss)		$	2,846	$	2,933
Less: adjustments from net income (loss) to adjusted earnings:	Less: adjustments from net income (loss) to adjusted earnings:						Less: adjustments from net income (loss) to adjusted earnings:
Revenues:	Revenues:						Revenues:
		Net investment gains (losses)	692		(96)			Net investment gains (losses)	(391)		692
		Net derivative gains (losses)	(906)		2,213			Net derivative gains (losses)	980		(906)
		Premiums	—		—			Premiums	—		—
		Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	59		64			Universal life and investment-type product policy fees	57		59
		Net investment income	(444)		(394)			Net investment income	(400)		(444)
		Other revenues	—		—			Other revenues	—		—
Expenses:	Expenses:						Expenses:
		Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends	(278)		(310)			Policyholder benefits and claims and policyholder dividends	450		(278)
		Interest credited to policyholder account balances	2		8			Interest credited to policyholder account balances	—		2
		Capitalization of DAC	—		—			Capitalization of DAC	—		—
		Amortization of DAC and VOBA	8		(52)			Amortization of DAC and VOBA	82		8
		Interest expense on debt	—		—			Interest expense on debt	—		—
		Other expenses	7		(1)			Other expenses	(5)		7
Provision for income tax (expense) benefit	Provision for income tax (expense) benefit		170		(301)		Provision for income tax (expense) benefit		(164)		170
Adjusted earnings	Adjusted earnings		$	3,623	$	2,536	Adjusted earnings		$	2,237	$	3,623

Premiums, fees and other revenues	Premiums, fees and other revenues		$	20,751	$	17,947	Premiums, fees and other revenues		$	28,156	$	20,751
Less: adjustments to premiums, fees and other revenues	Less: adjustments to premiums, fees and other revenues		59		64		Less: adjustments to premiums, fees and other revenues		57		59
Adjusted premiums, fees and other revenues	Adjusted premiums, fees and other revenues		$	20,692	$	17,883	Adjusted premiums, fees and other revenues		$	28,099	$	20,692

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Consolidated Results — Adjusted Earnings

Business Overview. Adjusted premiums, fees, and other revenues for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 increased ~~$2.8~~$7.4 billion, or ~~16%~~36%, compared to the prior ~~period,~~period. This was primarily ~~attributable~~due to ~~our U.S. segment driven by growth~~higher premiums in ~~both~~ our ~~Group Benefits and~~ Retirement and Income Solutions (“RIS”) ~~businesses. The increase~~business, as well as growth in our Group Benefits business ~~was primarily due to growth in~~both within our core products. Growth from our group life business included increased premiums from our participating contracts, which can fluctuate with claims experience. Higher dental premiums were driven by the impact of an unearned premium reserve established in the prior period to recognize the limited availability of services that could be provided due to the COVID-19 Pandemic restrictions, coupled with the impact of premium credits we offered to our customers in the prior period due to such restrictions. In addition, growth in the group disability business contributed to the increase. Growth in voluntary products was due to the impact of new sales and growth in membership in our accident & health and legal plans businesses.U.S. segment. The increase in premiums in RIS was mainly ~~from our~~driven by a large pension risk transfer ~~and post-retirement benefits businesses.~~transaction in the current period. Changes in RIS premiums are mostly offset by a corresponding change in policyholder benefits. The increase in our Group Benefits business was primarily due to growth from our group disability, term life, voluntary products and dental businesses. In our MetLife Holdings segment, we anticipate an annual decline in adjusted premiums, fees and other revenues from expected business run-off.

~~Growth in RIS’s capital market investments businesses drove an increase in policyholder account balances, resulting in higher fees and interest margins.~~

Nine Months Ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 Compared with the Nine Months Ended September 30, ~~2020~~2021

Unless otherwise stated, all amounts discussed below are net of income tax.

Overview.The primary ~~drivers~~driver of the ~~increase~~decrease in adjusted earnings ~~were higher~~was lower investment yields due to ~~strong~~the unfavorable impact of lower equity market returns inon our private equity ~~portfolio, lower interest credited expenses~~funds and ahedge funds, partially offset by favorable underwriting, primarily driven by an overall decline in COVID-19 related claims. The favorable change from our annual actuarial assumption reviews ~~partially offset by~~also increased adjusted earnings. In addition, the current period includes the favorable impact from a reinsurance recapture in our U.S. segment and the unfavorable ~~underwriting, which reflected impacts~~impact from ~~the COVID-19 Pandemic, and an unfavorable change~~model refinements in ~~refinements to certain insurance and other assets and liabilities.~~our MetLife Holdings segment.

Business Growth. ~~Average assets and net~~Net investment income ~~were essentially flat~~improved as a result of higher average invested assets, predominantly in our U.S. segment, ~~from~~due to positive net flows, primarily from pension risk transfer transactions and funding agreement ~~issuances, were~~issuances. Growth in Corporate & Other’s investment portfolio also contributed to improved net investment income. However, this was partially offset by ~~the impact of dividend payments to MetLife, Inc. Consistent with the growth~~a corresponding increase in ~~the U.S. segment’s average invested assets from net flows,~~ interest credited expenses on ~~deposit-type liabilities increased; however, this was more than offset by lower interest credited expenses on our~~ long-duration ~~liabilities.~~insurance products. In our MetLife Holdings segment, negative net flows infrom our deferred annuity business resulted in lower asset-based fee ~~income and lower interest credited expense, and~~income. In addition, premiums declined due to business run-off and the impact of dividend scale ~~reductions. In~~reductions in both periods, which decreased adjusted earnings. Also, in our U.S. segment, higher ~~volume-related, premium tax and~~ direct expenses, ~~driven by business growth, were partially offset by the 2021 abatement of the annual health insurer fee under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. This net~~including certain employee-related costs, coupled with an increase in variable expenses, ~~was more than offset by a~~exceeded the corresponding increase in ~~adjusted~~ premiums, fees and other revenues. The combined impact of the items affecting our business growth, ~~increased~~as well as lower DAC amortization, resulted in a $5 million increase in adjusted ~~earnings by $28 million.~~earnings.

Market Factors. Market factors, including interest rate levels, variability in equity market returns, and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, continued to impact our results; however, certain impacts were mitigated by derivatives used to hedge these risks. Investment yields ~~increased primarily~~decreased driven by the ~~favorable~~unfavorable impact of ~~strong~~lower equity market returns on our private equity funds, hedge funds and fair value option securities, as well as lower yields on mortgage loans and lower prepayment fees. These decreases were partially offset by ~~lower~~the favorable impact of higher real estate market returns on our real estate investments and higher yields on our fixed income securities. In our U.S. segment, the impact of interest rate fluctuations resulted in ~~a decline~~an increase in our average interest credited rates on ~~deposit-type and~~our long-duration ~~liabilities,~~insurance products, which drove ~~a decrease~~an increase in interest credited expenses. ~~In our MetLife Holdings segment, higher equity market returns drove higher asset-based fee income, which increased adjusted earnings.~~ The changes in market factors discussed above resulted in a ~~$2.0~~$1.9 billion ~~increase~~decrease in adjusted earnings.

~~Underwriting.~~Underwriting, Actuarial Assumption Review and Other Insurance Adjustments. Underwriting results ~~decreased~~increased adjusted earnings by ~~$628~~$330 million primarily due to ~~unfavorable~~favorable mortality ~~and~~in our U.S. segment, partially offset by unfavorable claims experience in our MetLife Holdings and U.S. ~~segment. Unfavorable~~segments. Favorable mortality in ~~the~~our U.S. segment was primarily driven by our Group Benefits business, partially offset by less favorable mortality in our RIS business. ~~Our~~The favorable Group Benefits ~~business experienced (i) increases~~mortality was the result of decreases in both incidence and severity ~~in both~~of COVID-19 and core claims across our life businesses, and (ii) unfavorable results in our accidental death & dismemberment business due to lower incidence in the prior period as a result of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Thenon-COVID-19 claims. Less favorable mortality ~~experience~~ in our RIS business ~~including the impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic,~~ was ~~primarily~~ driven by our structured settlement and pension risk transfer ~~and structured settlement~~ businesses. In ~~addition, unfavorable~~our MetLife Holdings segment, claims experience, ~~within~~mainly in our long-term care business, was less favorable reflecting a smaller impact from the COVID-19 pandemic in the current period. In our U.S. segment, ~~was primarily driven by: (i) our group disability business, and (ii)~~ unfavorable ~~dental results, as a result of the COVID-19 Pandemic, which limited availability of services and reduced utilization in the prior period, partially offset by (i) favorable~~ claims experience in our ~~individual~~ disability business ~~and (ii) the impact of business~~was partially offset by growth in our accident & health ~~business.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

~~Actuarial Assumption Review~~business, favorable claims experience in our dental business, and ~~Other Insurance Adjustments.~~ growth in our vision business. The favorable change from our annual actuarial assumption reviews resulted in a net increase of ~~$56~~$52 million in adjusted earnings. ~~Changes mainly in economic and biometric assumptions were less unfavorable in the current period when compared to the prior period.~~ Refinements to certain insurance and other assets and liabilities in both periods resulted in a ~~$478~~$67 million ~~decrease~~increase in adjusted earnings, ~~primarily due to~~which includes the favorable impact from a reinsurance recapture in our U.S. segment largely offset by model refinements in our MetLife Holdings segment, all in the current period, as well as unfavorable adjustments to certain deposit reinsurance assets in the ~~current period due to a decrease in projected dividends.~~prior period. Dividend scale reductions, as well as run-off in ~~MLIC’s~~Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s closed block, contributed to lower dividend ~~expenses~~expense, net of ~~$73 million and lower associated~~ DAC amortization, ~~of $84~~and resulted in a $57 million ~~which increased~~increase in adjusted earnings.

~~Expenses.~~Table of Contents

Expenses. Adjusted earnings increased ~~$52~~$89 million ~~compared to the prior period, primarily~~mainly due to ~~decreases~~a decrease in corporate-related ~~expenses and legal~~ expenses, partially offset by higher interest ~~expenses~~expense on tax positions due to audit ~~settlements.~~settlements in both periods.

Taxes.For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, our effective tax rate on adjusted earnings was 14%, which differed from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% primarily due to tax benefits from tax credits, the corporate tax deduction for stock compensation and non-taxable investment income. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, our effective tax rate on adjusted earnings was 16%, which differed from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% primarily due to tax benefits ~~related to~~from tax credits, non-taxable investment income and the corporate tax deduction for stock compensation. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020, our effective tax rate on adjusted earnings was 11%, which differed from the U.S. statutory rate of 21% primarily due to tax benefits related to non-taxable investment income, tax credits and the finalization of bankruptcy proceedings for a leveraged lease investment.

~~Adoption of New~~Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Future Adoption of ~~New~~ Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 1 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Non-GAAP and Other Financial Disclosures

In this report, the Company presents certain measures of its performance that are not calculated in accordance with GAAP. We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures enhance the understanding for the Company and our investors of our performance by highlighting the results of operations and the underlying profitability drivers of our business.

The following non-GAAP financial measures should not be viewed as substitutes for the most directly comparable financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP:


Non-GAAP financial measures:		Comparable GAAP financial measures:
(i)	adjusted premiums, fees and other revenues	(i)	premiums, fees and other revenues
(ii)	adjusted earnings	(ii)	net income (loss)

Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable historical GAAP financial measures are included in “— Results of Operations.” Reconciliations of these non-GAAP measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures are not accessible on a forward-looking basis because we believe it is not possible without unreasonable effort to provide other than a range of net investment gains and losses and net derivative gains and losses, which can fluctuate significantly within or outside the range and from period to period and may have a material impact on net income.

Our definitions of non-GAAP and other financial measures discussed in this report may differ from those used by other companies.

Adjusted earnings

This measure is used by management to evaluate performance and allocate resources. Consistent with GAAP guidance for segment reporting, adjusted earnings is also our GAAP measure of segment performance. Adjusted earnings allows analysis of our performance and facilitates comparisons to industry results.

Adjusted earnings is defined as adjusted revenues less adjusted expenses, net of income tax. Adjusted loss is defined as negative adjusted earnings. For information relating to adjusted revenues and adjusted expenses, see ~~“Financial~~“Financial Measures and Segment Accounting ~~Policies~~” Policies” in Note 2 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

~~Table of Contents~~

The following additional information is relevant to an understanding of our performance results:

•We sometimes refer to sales activity for various products. These sales statistics do not correspond to revenues under GAAP, but are used as relevant measures of business activity.

•Near-term represents one to three years.

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Risk Management

See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Risk Management” in the 2021 Annual Report for information on our risk management.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“Exchange Act”), as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

There were no changes to the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) during the quarter ended September 30, ~~2021~~2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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Part II — Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

See See Note 11 of the Notes to the Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Certain factors that may affect the Company’s business or operations are described under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A, of the ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report. There have been no material changes to our risk factors from the risk factors previously disclosed in the ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report.

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Item 6. Exhibits

(Note Regarding Reliance on Statements in Our Contracts: In reviewing the agreements included as exhibits to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, please remember that they are included to provide you with information regarding their terms and are not intended to provide any other factual or disclosure information about Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, its subsidiaries or affiliates, or the other parties to the agreements. The agreements contain representations and warranties by each of the parties to the applicable agreement. These representations and warranties have been made solely for the benefit of the other parties to the applicable agreement and (i) should not in all instances be treated as categorical statements of fact, but rather as a way of allocating the risk to one of the parties if those statements prove to be inaccurate; (ii) have been qualified by disclosures that were made to the other party in connection with the negotiation of the applicable agreement, which disclosures are not necessarily reflected in the agreement; (iii) may apply standards of materiality in a way that is different from what may be viewed as material to investors; and (iv) were made only as of the date of the applicable agreement or such other date or dates as may be specified in the agreement and are subject to more recent developments. Accordingly, these representations and warranties may not describe the actual state of affairs as of the date they were made or at any other time. Additional information about Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, its subsidiaries and affiliates may be found elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Metropolitan Life Insurance Company’s other public filings, which are available without charge through the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission website at www.sec.gov.)

~~Incorporated by Reference~~

~~Exhibit No.~~

~~Description~~

~~Form~~

~~File Number~~

~~Exhibit~~

~~Filing Date~~

~~Filed or Furnished Herewith~~

~~31.1~~

~~Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.~~

~~31.2~~

~~Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.~~

~~32.1~~

~~Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.~~

~~32.2~~

~~Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.~~

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Incorporated by Reference

Exhibit No.

Description

Form

File Number

Exhibit

Filing Date

Filed or Furnished Herewith

3.1

Amended and Restated By-Laws of Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, effective August 23, 2022.

8-K

000-55029

3.2

August 26, 2022

31.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

31.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.1

Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

32.2

Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


METROPOLITAN LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

By:						/s/ Tamara L. Schock
						Name: Tamara L. Schock Title: Executive Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer (Authorized Signatory and Principal Accounting Officer)

Date: November ~~9, 2021~~8, 2022


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021		Year Ended December 31, 2020
	(In millions)
Balance, beginning of period	$	2,969	$	2,020
Change in unrealized investment and derivative gains (losses)	(1,017)		949
Balance, end of period	$	1,952	$	2,969


	September 30,		December 31,		Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020		2021		2020
	Carrying Value After Measurement				Gains (Losses)
	(In millions)
Mortgage loans, net (1)	$	304	$	320	$	(16)	$	(30)	$	(38)	$	(38)