UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

[X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020

[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from _____ to _____.

Commission file number 000-23333

TIMBERLAND BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Washington	91-1863696
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(IRS Employer Identification No.)



624 Simpson Avenue, Hoquiam, Washington	98550
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(360) 533-4747

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, $.01 par value	TSBK	The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No ___

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes _X_ No __

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☒ Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☒ Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes ___ No _X_

~~Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:~~



~~Title of each class~~	~~Trading Symbol(s)~~	~~Name of each exchange on which registered~~
~~Common stock, $.01 par value~~	~~TSBK~~	~~The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC~~

As of ~~May 1, 2019,~~April 30, 2020, there were ~~8,337,759~~8,309,193 shares of the registrant's common stock, $.01 par value per share outstanding.

INDEX



PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	Page

Item 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited)

	Consolidated Balance Sheets	3

	Consolidated Statements of Income	5

	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	7

	Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity	8

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	10

	Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements	12

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	40

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	5354

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	5354

PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	5354

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	5354

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	5457

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	5457

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	5457

Item 5.	Other Information	5457

Item 6.	Exhibits	5458

SIGNATURES
Certifications
	Exhibit 31.1
	Exhibit 31.2
	Exhibit 32
	Exhibit 101

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (unaudited)

TIMBERLAND BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018~~2019

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)


	March 31, 2019		September 30, 2018		March 31, 2020		September 30, 2019
	(Unaudited)		*		(Unaudited)		*
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and due from financial institutions	$	23,957	$	20,238	$	22,862	$	25,179
Interest-bearing deposits in banks	150,629		128,626		145,286		117,836
Total cash and cash equivalents	174,586		148,864		168,148		143,015

Certificates of deposit (“CDs”) held for investment (at cost, which approximates fair value)	65,737		63,290		82,472		78,346
Investment securities held to maturity, at amortized cost (estimated fair value $42,190 and $13,264)	41,361		12,810
Investment securities held to maturity, at amortized cost (estimated fair value $38,332 and $32,580)					36,667		31,102
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value	2,141		1,154		41,470		22,532
Investments in equity securities, at fair value	937		—		969		958
Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines (“FHLB”) stock	1,437		1,190		1,922		1,437
Other investments, at cost	3,000		3,000		3,000		3,000
Loans held for sale	3,068		1,785		5,798		6,071
Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses of $9,741 and $9,530	873,284		725,391
Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses of $11,890 and $9,690					907,657		886,662
Premises and equipment, net	22,852		18,953		23,072		22,830
Other real estate owned (“OREO”) and other repossessed assets, net	2,006		1,913		1,623		1,683
Accrued interest receivable	3,702		2,877		3,595		3,598
Bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”)	20,707		19,813		21,299		21,005
Goodwill	15,131		5,650		15,131		15,131
Core deposit intangible (“CDI”), net	2,264		—		1,828		2,031
Mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”), net	2,322		2,028
Escrow deposit for business combination	—		6,900
BOLI death benefit receivable	3,048		—
Servicing rights, net					2,724		2,408
Operating lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets					2,759		—
Other assets	2,986		2,672		2,967		5,323
Total assets	$	1,240,569	$	1,018,290	$	1,323,101	$	1,247,132

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Liabilities
Deposits:
Non-interest-bearing demand	$	287,338	$	233,258	$	316,328	$	296,472
Interest-bearing	784,256		656,248		809,320		771,755
Total deposits	1,071,594		889,506		1,125,648		1,068,227

FHLB borrowings					10,000		—
Operating lease liabilities					2,759		—
Other liabilities and accrued expenses	6,637		4,127		6,686		7,838
Total liabilities	1,078,231		893,633		1,145,093		1,076,065

* Derived from audited consolidated financial statements.

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

TIMBERLAND BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (continued)

March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018~~2019

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)


	March 31, 2019			September 30, 2018			March 31, 2020			September 30, 2019
	(Unaudited)			*			(Unaudited)			*
Shareholders’ equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 8,336,419 shares issued and outstanding - March 31, 2019 7,401,177 shares issued and outstanding - September 30, 2018	43,351			14,394
Unearned shares issued to Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”)	—			(133		)
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 8,309,193 shares issued and outstanding - March 31, 2020 8,329,419 shares issued and outstanding - September 30, 2019							42,258			43,030
Retained earnings	119,032			110,525			135,929			127,987
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(45		)	(129		)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)							(179		)	50
Total shareholders’ equity	162,338			124,657			178,008			171,067
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	1,240,569		$	1,018,290		$	1,323,101		$	1,247,132

* Derived from audited consolidated financial statements.

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

TIMBERLAND BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

For the three and six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,					Six Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,					Six Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018		2019			2018			2020		2019			2020		2019
Interest and dividend income
Loans receivable and loans held for sale	$	12,216		$	9,484	$	23,997		$	18,812		$	12,823	$	12,216		$	25,587	$	23,997
Investment securities	297			39		575			96			489		297			928		575
Dividends from mutual funds, FHLB stock and other investments	39			26		78			52			35		39			72		78
Interest-bearing deposits in banks and CDs	1,289			741		2,506			1,364			784		1,289			1,735		2,506
Total interest and dividend income	13,841			10,290		27,156			20,324			14,131		13,841			28,322		27,156

Interest expense
Deposits	1,113			666		2,084			1,266			1,243		1,113			2,432		2,084
FHLB borrowings												8		—			8		—
Total interest expense	1,113			666		2,084			1,266			1,251		1,113			2,440		2,084

Net interest income	12,728			9,624		25,072			19,058			12,880		12,728			25,882		25,072

Provision for loan losses	—			—		—			—			2,000		—			2,200		—

Net interest income after provision for loan losses	12,728			9,624		25,072			19,058			10,880		12,728			23,682		25,072

Non-interest income
Recoveries (other than temporary impairment "OTTI") on investment securities	20			14		32			41
Adjustment for portion of OTTI transferred from other comprehensive income (loss) before income taxes	(11		)	—		(12		)	(5		)
Recoveries on investment securities												3		20			106		32
Adjustment for portion of other than temporary impairment ("OTTI") transferred from other comprehensive income (loss) (before income taxes)												—		(11		)	—		(12		)
Net recoveries on investment securities	9			14		20			36			3		9			106		20
Service charges on deposits	1,190			1,132		2,405			2,310			1,078		1,190			2,278		2,405
ATM and debit card interchange transaction fees	857			883		1,806			1,727			1,015		857			2,109		1,806
BOLI net earnings	1,156			137		1,313			273			147		1,156			294		1,313
Gain on sales of loans, net	288			470		675			992			736		288			1,688		675
Escrow fees	39			52		96			112			47		39			130		96
Servicing income on loans sold	117			117		265			233			62		117			113		265
Fee income from non-deposit investment sales	7			26		37			45			7		7			13		37
Other, net	277			251		589			491			585		277			887		589
Total non-interest income, net	3,940			3,082		7,206			6,219			3,680		3,940			7,618		7,206

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

TIMBERLAND BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (continued)

For the three and six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,					Six Months Ended March 31,					Three Months Ended March 31,					Six Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018			2019		2018			2020			2019		2020			2019
Non-interest expense
Salaries and employee benefits	$	4,867	$	4,001		$	9,473	$	7,950		$	4,621		$	4,867	$	9,343		$	9,473
Premises and equipment	993		799			1,947		1,567			943			993		1,837			1,947
Loss (gain) on sales/dispositions of premises and equipment, net	8		(113		)	8		(113		)	(3		)	8		(102		)	8
Advertising	175		176			366		386			159			175		342			366
OREO and other repossessed assets, net	52		91			102		204			51			52		50			102
ATM and debit card interchange transaction fees	389		318			811		648			359			389		799			811
Postage and courier	138		131			248		237			145			138		279			248
State and local taxes	209		168			405		329			233			209		449			405
Professional fees	184		243			419		460			210			184		480			419
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insurance	97		75			171		141			—			97		(27		)	171
Loan administration and foreclosure	84		92			171		171			78			84		167			171
Data processing and telecommunications	1,068		495			1,681		962			515			1,068		1,099			1,681
Deposit operations	364		252			658		530			274			364		591			658
Amortization of CDI	110		—			219		—			102			110		203			219
Other	539		493			1,160		925			599			539		1,149			1,160
Total non-interest expense	9,277		7,221			17,839		14,397
Total non-interest expense, net											8,286			9,277		16,659			17,839

Income before income taxes	7,391		5,485			14,439		10,880			6,274			7,391		14,641			14,439

Provision for income taxes	1,277		1,216			2,710		2,997			1,225			1,277		2,940			2,710

Net income	$	6,114	$	4,269		$	11,729	$	7,883		$	5,049		$	6,114	$	11,701		$	11,729

Net income per common share
Basic	$	0.74	$	0.58		$	1.41	$	1.08		$	0.61		$	0.74	$	1.40		$	1.41
Diluted	$	0.72	$	0.57		$	1.39	$	1.05		$	0.60		$	0.72	$	1.38		$	1.39

Weighted average common shares outstanding
Basic	8,310,074		7,328,127			8,301,550		7,320,243			8,344,201			8,310,074		8,342,828			8,301,550
Diluted	8,464,650		7,512,058			8,461,138		7,510,092			8,456,659			8,464,650		8,465,894			8,461,138

Dividends paid per common share	$	0.15	$	0.13		$	0.38	$	0.24		$	0.20		$	0.15	$	0.45		$	0.38

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

TIMBERLAND BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

For the three and six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019

(Dollars in thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended March 31,					Six Months Ended March 31,						Three Months Ended March 31,					Six Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018			2019			2018			2020			2019		2020			2019
Comprehensive income
Net income	$	6,114	$	4,269		$	11,729		$	7,883		$	5,049		$	6,114	$	11,701		$	11,729
Unrealized holding gain (loss) on investment securities available for sale, net of income taxes of $21, ($2), ($1) and ($4), respectively	84		(18		)	(2		)	(25		)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Unrealized holding gain (loss) on investment securities available for sale, net of income taxes of ($9), $21, ($63) and ($1) respectively												(35		)	84		(241		)	(2		)
Change in OTTI on investment securities held to maturity, net of income taxes:
Adjustments related to other factors for which OTTI was previously recognized, net of income taxes of $1, $5, $0 and ($2), respectively	3		15			—			(6		)
Amount reclassified to credit loss for previously recorded market loss, net of income taxes of $2, $0, $3 and $1, respectively	9		—			9			4
Accretion of OTTI on investment securities held to maturity, net of income taxes of $1, $2, $4 and $6, respectively	4		7			14			19
Adjustments related to other factors for which OTTI was previously recognized, net of income taxes of $0, $1, $0 and $0, respectively												—			3		—			—
Amount reclassified to credit loss for previously recorded market loss, net of income taxes of $0, $2, $0 and $3, respectively												—			9		—			9
Accretion of OTTI on investment securities held to maturity, net of income taxes of $1, $1, $3 and $4, respectively												2			4		12			14
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of income taxes	100		4			21			(8		)	(33		)	100		(229		)	21

Total comprehensive income	$	6,214	$	4,273		$	11,750		$	7,875		$	5,016		$	6,214	$	11,472		$	11,750

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

TIMBERLAND BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

For the three months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Common Stock			Unearned Shares Issued to ESOP							Accumulated Other Compre- hensive Loss							Common Stock					Unearned Shares Issued to ESOP								Accumulated Other Compre- hensive Income (Loss)
	Number of Shares	Amount					Retained Earnings							Total
Balance, December 31, 2017	7,367,327	$	13,540		$	(331	)		$	101,039		$	(136	)		$	114,112
															—
Net income	—	—		—				4,269			—				4,269
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—				—			4				4
Exercise of stock options	22,900	173		—				—			—				173
Common stock dividends ($0.13 per common share)	—	—		—				(959		)	—				(959		)
Earned ESOP shares, net of tax	—	135		66				—			—				201
Stock option compensation expense	—	43		—				—			—				43

Balance, March 31, 2018	7,390,227	13,891		(265		)		104,349			(132		)		117,843
																		Number of Shares		Amount						Unearned Shares Issued to ESOP				Retained Earnings				Accumulated Other Compre- hensive Income (Loss)				Total
Balance, December 31, 2018	8,313,403	42,951		(67		)		114,166			(145		)		156,905			8,313,403		$	42,951			$	114,166							$	156,905

Net income	—	—		—				6,114			—				6,114			—		—			—				6,114				—				6,114
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—				—			100				100			—		—			—				—				100				100
Exercise of stock options	23,016	212		—				—			—				212			23,016		212			—				—				—				212
Common stock dividends ($0.15 per common share)	—	—		—				(1,248		)	—				(1,248		)	—		—			—				(1,248		)		—				(1,248		)
Earned ESOP shares, net of tax	—	135		67				—			—				202
Earned ESOP shares, net of income taxes																		—		135			67				—				—				202
Stock option compensation expense	—	53		—				—			—				53			—		53			—				—				—				53
Balance, March 31, 2019																		8,336,419		$	43,351		$	—			$	119,032			$	(45	)		$	162,338

Balance, March 31, 2019	8,336,419	$	43,351	$	—			$	119,032		$	(45	)		$	162,338
Balance, December 31, 2019																		8,346,394		$	43,246		$	—			$	132,553			$	(146	)		$	175,653

Net income																		—		—			—				5,049				—				5,049
Other comprehensive loss																		—		—			—				—				(33		)		(33		)
Repurchase of common stock																		(56,601	)	(1,238		)	—				—				—				(1,238		)
Exercise of stock options																		19,400		204			—				—				—				204
Common stock dividends ($0.20 per common share)																		—		—			—				(1,673		)		—				(1,673		)
Stock option compensation expense																		—		46			—				—				—				46
Balance, March 31, 2020																		8,309,193		$	42,258		$	—			$	135,929			$	(179	)		$	178,008

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

TIMBERLAND BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

For the six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019

(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Common Stock
Unearned
Shares Issued to ESOP

Accumulated
Other
Compre-hensive
Loss

Number of Shares Amount
Retained
Earnings
Total
Balance, September 30, 2017 7,361,077
$ 13,286
$ (397 ) $ 98,235
$ (124 ) $ 111,000
Net income —
—
—
7,883
—
7,883
Other comprehensive loss —
—
—
—
(8 ) (8 )
Exercise of stock options 29,150
234
—
—
—
234
Common stock dividends ($0.24 per common share) —
—
—
(1,769 ) —
(1,769 )
Earned ESOP shares, net of income taxes —
284
132
—
—
416
Stock option compensation expense —
87
—
—
—
87
Balance, March 31, 2018 7,390,227
13,891
(265 ) 104,349
(132 ) 117,843

Balance, September 30, 2018 7,401,177
14,394
(133 ) 110,525
(129 ) 124,657
Net income —
—
—
11,729
—
11,729
Other comprehensive income —
—
—
—
21
21
Common stock issued for business combination 904,826
28,267
—
—
—
28,267
Exercise of stock options 30,416
283
—
—
—
283
Common stock dividends ($0.38 per common share) —
—
—
(3,159 ) —
(3,159 )
Earned ESOP shares, net of income taxes —
301
133
—
—
434
Stock option compensation expense —
106
—
—
—
106
Adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-01 —
—
—
(63 ) 63
—
Balance, March 31, 2019 8,336,419
$ 43,351
$ —
$ 119,032
$ (45 ) $ 162,338

~~See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements~~



	Common Stock					Unearned Shares Issued to ESOP						Accumulated Other Compre-hensive Income (Loss)
	Number of Shares		Amount			Unearned Shares Issued to ESOP			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Compre-hensive Income (Loss)			Total
Balance, September 30, 2018	7,401,177		$	14,394		$	(133	)	$	110,525		$	(129	)	$	124,657
Net income	—		—			—			11,729			—			11,729
Other comprehensive income	—		—			—			—			21			21
Common stock issued for business combination	904,826		28,267			—			—			—			28,267
Exercise of stock options	30,416		283			—			—			—			283
Common stock dividends ($0.38 per common share)	—		—			—			(3,159		)	—			(3,159		)
Earned ESOP shares, net of income taxes	—		301			133			—			—			434
Stock option compensation expense	—		106			—			—			—			106
Adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-01	—		—			—			(63		)	63			—
Balance, March 31, 2019	8,336,419		$	43,351		$	—		$	119,032		$	(45	)	$	162,338


Balance, September 30, 2019	8,329,419		$	43,030		$	—		$	127,987		$	50		$	171,067
Net income	—		—			—			11,701			—			11,701
Other comprehensive loss	—		—			—			—			(229		)	(229		)
Repurchase of common stock	(56,601	)	(1,238		)	—			—			—			(1,238		)
Exercise of stock options	36,375		374			—			—			—			374
Common stock dividends ($0.45 per common share)	—		—			—			(3,759		)	—			(3,759		)
Stock option compensation expense	—		92			—			—			—			92
Balance, March 31, 2020	8,309,193		$	42,258		$	—		$	135,929		$	(179	)	$	178,008

TIMBERLAND BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

For the six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019

(Dollars in thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Six Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income	$	11,729		$	7,883		$	11,701		$	11,729
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for loan losses							2,200			—
Depreciation	790			621			748			790
Accretion of discount on purchased loans	(388		)	—			(253		)	(388		)
Amortization of CDI	219			—			203			219
Earned ESOP shares	434			416			—			434
Stock option compensation expense	106			87			92			106
Net recoveries on investment securities	(20		)	(36		)	(106		)	(20		)
Change in fair value of investments in equity securities	(20		)	—			(11		)	(20		)
Gain on sales of OREO and other repossessed assets, net	—			(93		)	(39		)	—
Provision for OREO losses	23			224			25			23
Gain on sales of loans, net	(675		)	(992		)	(1,688		)	(675		)
(Gain) loss on sales/disposition of premises and equipment, net	8			(113		)	(102		)	8
Loans originated for sale	(28,879		)	(30,608		)	(60,097		)	(28,879		)
Proceeds from sales of loans	28,271			31,218			62,058			28,271
Amortization of MSRs	311			242
Amortization of servicing rights							383			311
Valuation adjustment on servicing rights							23			—
BOLI net earnings	(314		)	(273		)	(294		)	(314		)
BOLI death benefit in excess of cash surrender value	(999		)	—			—			(999		)
Increase in deferred loan origination fees	219			49
(Decrease) increase in deferred loan origination fees							(104		)	219
Net change in accrued interest receivable and other assets, and other liabilities and accrued expenses	(1,114		)	(209		)	457			(1,114		)
Net cash provided by operating activities	9,701			8,416			15,196			9,701

Cash flows from investing activities
Net decrease (increase) in CDs held for investment	526			(9,904		)
Net (increase) decrease in CDs held for investment							(4,126		)	526
Proceeds from sale of investment securities available for sale	2,332			—			—			2,332
Purchase of investment securities held to maturity							(9,755		)	(10,048		)
Purchase of investment securities available for sale							(21,521		)	—
Proceeds from maturities and prepayments of investment securities held to maturity	1,242			266			4,412			1,242
Purchase of investment securities held to maturity	(10,048		)	(1,111		)
Proceeds from maturities and prepayments of investment securities available for sale	784			19			2,266			784
Purchase of FHLB stock	(42		)	—			(485		)	(42		)
Increase in loans receivable, net	(26,271		)	(18,416		)	(22,838		)	(26,271		)
Additions to premises and equipment	(1,360		)	(606		)	(1,195		)	(1,360		)
Proceeds from sales of premises and equipment	—			463			307			—
Cash acquired, net of cash consideration paid in business combination	14,284			—			—			14,284
Escrow deposit for business combination	6,900			—			—			6,900
Proceeds from sales of OREO and other repossessed assets	—			1,112			74			—
Net cash used in investing activities	(11,653		)	(28,177		)

Net used in investing activities							(52,861		)	(11,653		)

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

TIMBERLAND BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (continued)

For the six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019

(Dollars in thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Six Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Cash flows from financing activities
Net increase in deposits	$	30,550		$	42,513		$	57,421		$	30,550
FHLB borrowings							10,000			—
Proceeds from exercise of stock options	283			234			374			283
Repurchase of common stock							(1,238		)	—
Payment of dividends	(3,159		)	(1,769		)	(3,759		)	(3,159		)
Net cash provided by financing activities	27,674			40,978			62,798			27,674

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents	25,722			21,217			25,133			25,722
Cash and cash equivalents
Beginning of period	148,864			148,188			143,015			148,864
End of period	$	174,586		$	169,405		$	168,148		$	174,586

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Income taxes paid	$	2,741		$	2,208		$	1,988		$	2,741
Interest paid	2,053			1,243			2,416			2,053

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing activities
Loans transferred to OREO and other repossessed assets	$	91		$	163		$	—		$	91
Other comprehensive income (loss) related to investment securities	21			(8		)
Other comprehensive (loss) income related to investment securities							(229		)	21
Operating lease liabilities arising from recording of ROU assets							2,889			—

Business Combination (see Note 2)
Fair value of assets acquired	$	180,518		$	—		$	—		$	180,518
Fair value of liabilities assumed	$	154,829		$	—		—			154,829

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements

Timberland Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiary

Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

(1) SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

(a) Basis of Presentation: The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements for Timberland Bancorp, Inc. (the "Company") and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Timberland Bank (the "Bank") were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with instructions for Form 10-Q and, therefore, do not include all disclosures necessary for a complete presentation of consolidated financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows in conformity with GAAP. However, all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the interim consolidated financial statements have been included. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (“~~2018~~2019 Form 10-K”). The unaudited consolidated results of operations for the six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire fiscal year ending September 30, ~~2019.~~2020.

On October 1, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of South Sound Bank, a Washington-state chartered bank, headquartered in Olympia, Washington ("South Sound ~~Merger"~~Acquisition"). The Company acquired 100% of the outstanding common stock of South Sound Bank, and South Sound Bank was merged into the Bank. See Note 2 for additional information on the South Sound ~~Merger.~~Acquisition.

(b) Principles of Consolidation: The unaudited consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the Bank, and the Bank’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Timberland Service Corporation. All significant inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

(c) Operating Segment: The Company has one reportable operating segment which is defined as community banking in western Washington.

(d) The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, as of the date of the consolidated balance sheets, and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

(e) Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the March 31, ~~2019~~2020 presentation with no change to previously reported net income or total shareholders’ equity.

(2) BUSINESS COMBINATION

On October 1, 2018, the Company completed the South Sound ~~Merger and South Sound Bank was merged into the Bank.~~Acquisition. The primary reason for the acquisition was to expand the Company's presence along Washington State's economically important I-5 corridor.

Pursuant to the terms of the merger agreement, South Sound Bank shareholders received 0.746 of a share the Company's common stock and $5.68825 in cash per share of South Sound Bank common stock. The Company issued 904,826 shares of its common stock (valued at $28.27 million based on the Company's closing stock price on September 30, 2018 of $31.24 per share) and paid $6.90 million in cash in the transaction for total consideration paid of $35.17 million.

The South Sound ~~Merger~~Acquisition constitutes a business combination as defined by GAAP, which establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer in a business combination recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company was considered the acquirer in this transaction. Accordingly, the ~~preliminary~~ estimates of fair values of the acquired assets, including the identifiable intangible assets, and the assumed liabilities in the South Sound ~~Merger~~Acquisition were measured and recorded as of October 1, 2018. The excess of the total consideration paid over the fair value of the net assets acquired was allocated to goodwill. The South Sound ~~Merger~~Acquisition resulted in ~~$9.48~~$9.48 million of goodwill. The goodwill arising from the transaction consists largely of the synergies and expected economies of scale from combining the operations of the Company and South Sound Bank. This goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

In most instances, determining the estimated fair values of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities requires the Company to estimate cash flows expected to result from those assets and liabilities and to discount those cash flows at the appropriate rate of interest. Differences may arise between contractually required payments and the expected cash flows at the acquisition date due to items such as estimated credit losses, prepayments or early withdrawal, and other factors. One of the most significant of those determinations relates to the valuation of acquired loans. For such loans, the excess of cash flows expected at acquisition over the estimated fair value is recognized as interest income over the remaining lives of the loans. In accordance with GAAP, there was no carry-over of South Sound Bank's previously established allowance for loan losses.

The following table summarizes the fair value of consideration paid, the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date, and the resulting goodwill relating to the transaction:


	At October 1, 2018							At October 1, 2018
	Book Value		Fair Value Adjustment			Estimated Fair Value		Book Value		Fair Value Adjustment			Estimated Fair Value
	(Dollars in thousands)							(Dollars in thousands)
Total merger consideration						$	35,170
Total acquisition consideration													$	35,170

Recognized amounts of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed
Identifiable assets acquired:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	21,187	$	—		21,187		$	21,187	$	—		21,187
CDs held for investment	2,973		—			2,973		2,973		—			2,973
FHLB stock	205		—			205		205		—			205
Investment securities	24,913		(189		)	24,724
Investment securities held to maturity								19,891		(189		)	19,702
Investment securities available for sale								5,022		—			5,022
Loans receivable	123,627		(2,083		)	121,544		123,627		(2,083		)	121,544
Premises and equipment	3,225		112			3,337		3,225		112			3,337
OREO	25		—			25		25		—			25
Accrued interest receivable	554		—			554		554		—			554
BOLI	2,629		—			2,629		2,629		—			2,629
CDI	—		2,483			2,483		—		2,483			2,483
MSRs	285		(4		)	281
Servicing rights								285		(4		)	281
Other assets	1,087		(511		)	576		1,087		(511		)	576
Total assets	180,710		(192		)	180,518		180,710		(192		)	180,518

Liabilities assumed:
Deposits	151,378		160			151,538		151,378		160			151,538
Other liabilities and accrued expenses	3,291		—			3,291		3,291		—			3,291
Total liabilities assumed	154,669		160			154,829		154,669		160			154,829
Total identifiable net assets acquired	$	26,041	$	(352	)	25,689		$	26,041	$	(352	)	25,689
Goodwill recognized						$	9,481						$	9,481

Fair values on the acquisition date represent management's best estimates based on available information and facts and circumstances in existence as of the filing date of this report. Fair values are subject to refinement for up to one year after the closing date of the acquisition as additional information regarding the closing date fair values becomes available.

The acquired loan portfolio was valued using Level 3 inputs (see Note 9)10) and included the use of present value techniques, including cash flow estimates and incorporated assumptions that the Company believes marketplace participants would use in estimating fair values. Credit discounts were included in the determination of the fair value of the loans acquired; therefore, an allowance for loan losses was not recorded at the acquisition date. Acquired loans are evaluated upon acquisition and classified as either purchased credit-impaired ("PCI") or purchased non-credit-impaired. PCI loans reflect credit deterioration since origination such that it is probable at acquisition that the Company will be unable to collect all contractually required payments. The Company determined that PCI loans acquired in the South Sound ~~Merger~~Acquisition were insignificant.

For purchased non-credit-impaired loans, the difference between the fair value and unpaid principal balance of the loan at the acquisition date is amortized or accreted to interest income over the life of the loans. Any subsequent deterioration in credit quality is recognized by recording an allowance for loan losses.

CDI represents the future economic benefit of the potential cost savings from acquiring core deposits as part of a business combination compared to the cost of alternative funding sources. CDI is amortized to non-interest expense using an accelerated method based on an estimated runoff of related deposits over a period of ten years. CDI is evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable, with any changes in estimated useful life accounted for prospectively over the revised remaining life.

The operating results of the Company for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 include the operating results produced by the net assets acquired in the South Sound ~~Merger~~Acquisition since the October 1, 2018 ~~merger~~acquisition date. The ~~table below presents~~

Company determined that the ~~significant operating results~~disclosure requirements related to the amounts of revenues and earnings from the net assets acquired ~~business~~in the South Sound Acquisition since the October 1, 2018 ~~merger date:~~

Three Months Ended March 31, 2019 Six Months Ended March 31, 2019
(Dollars in thousands)
Interest income: Interest and fees on loans (1) $ 1,867
$ 3,605
Interest income: Interest and dividends on investment securities and FHLB stock 185
386
Interest income: Other interest earning assets 169
269
Interest expense (155 ) (283 )
Provision for loan losses —
—
Non-interest income 131
270
Non-interest expense (2) (684 ) (1,544 )
Net effect, pre-tax $ 1,513
$ 2,703

~~_________________________~~

~~(1) Includes the accretion~~acquisition date is impracticable. The financial activity and operating results of the ~~fair value discount on~~net assets acquired in the ~~purchased loans of $301,000 and $388,000, respectively, for the three and six months ended March 31, 2019.~~

(2) Excludes certain compensation and employee benefits for management, and excludes certain other non-interest expenses that are impracticable to determine due to the integration of the operations for this merger. Also includes certain acquisition-related costs of $55,000 and $119,000, respectively, incurred by the Company for the three and six months ended March 31, 2019.

For illustrative purposes only, the following table presents certain unaudited pro forma information for the six months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018. This unaudited estimated pro forma information was calculated as if South Sound ~~Bank had been acquired~~Acquisition were commingled with the Company's financial activity and operating results as of the beginning of the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018. This unaudited pro forma information combines the historical results of South Sound Bank with the Company's consolidated historical results and includes certain adjustments reflecting the estimated impact of certain fair value adjustments for the respective periods. The pro forma information is not indicative of what would have occurred had the transaction occurred at the beginning of the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018. The unaudited pro forma information does not consider any changes to the provision for loan losses resulting from recording loans at fair value. Additionally, the Company expects to achieve further operating cost savings and other business synergies, including revenue growth as a result of the acquisition ~~which are not reflected in the pro forma amounts that follow. As a result, actual amounts would have differed from the unaudited pro forma information presented.~~

Unaudited Pro Forma Six Months Ended March 31,
2019 2018
(Dollars in thousands except per share data)
Total revenues (net interest income plus non-interest income) $ 32,278
$ 28,883
Net income 11,823
8,513
Basic net income per common share 1.42
1.06
Diluted net income per common share 1.40
1.03
date.

During the six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020, the Company incurred acquisition-related expenses of $69,000 related to the South Sound Acquisition, of which $67,000 is included in the data processing and ~~2018,~~telecommunications expense category and $2,000 is included in the professional fees expense category in the accompanying consolidated statement of income. During the six months ended March 31, 2019, the Company incurred acquisition-related expenses of $119,000 ~~and $89,000, respectively,~~ related to the South Sound ~~Merger,~~Acquisition, which are included in the professional fees expense category in the accompanying consolidated statement of income. South Sound Bank incurred acquisition-related expenses of $30,000 for the six months ended March 31, 2018 related to the South Sound Merger. These acquisition-related expenses incurred by the Company and South Sound Bank are not included in the unaudited pro forma information presented for the six months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018.

The Company expects to incur additional acquisition-related expenses of approximately $700,000 over the next two quarters. These expenses are related to the conversion of South Sound Bank's current core processing and ancillary information technology systems to the Company's new core processing system.

(3) INVESTMENT SECURITIES

Held to maturity and available for sale investment securities have been classified according to management’s intent and were as follows as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):


	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses			Estimated Fair Value
March 31, 2019
March 31, 2020
Held to maturity
Mortgage-backed securities ("MBS"):
U.S. government agencies	$	30,001	$	386	$	(16	)	$	30,371	$	33,407	$	1,442	$	(33	)	$	34,816
Private label residential	375		500		(1		)	874		261		262		(4		)	519
U.S. Treasury and U.S government agency securities	10,985		—		(40		)	10,945		2,999		—		(2		)	2,997
Total	$	41,361	$	886	$	(57	)	$	42,190	$	36,667	$	1,704	$	(39	)	$	38,332

Available for sale
MBS: U.S. government agencies	$	2,138	$	13	$	(10	)	$	2,141	$	41,661	$	74	$	(265	)	$	41,470
Total	$	2,138	$	13	$	(10	)	$	2,141	$	41,661	$	74	$	(265	)	$	41,470

September 30, 2018
September 30, 2019
Held to maturity
MBS:
U.S. government agencies	$	1,385	$	8	$	(21	)	$	1,372	$	27,786	$	999	$	(2	)	$	28,783
Private label residential	460		552		(2		)	1,010		317		490		(1		)	806
U.S. Treasury and U.S. government agency securities	10,965		—		(83		)	10,882		2,999		—		(8		)	2,991
Total	$	12,810	$	560	$	(106	)	$	13,264	$	31,102	$	1,489	$	(11	)	$	32,580

Available for sale
MBS: U.S. government agencies	$	231	$	7	$	(1	)	$	237	$	22,418	$	114	$	—		$	22,532
Mutual funds	1,000		—		(83		)	917
Total	$	1,231	$	7	$	(84	)	$	1,154	$	22,418	$	114	$	—		$	22,532

Held to maturity and available for sale investment securities with unrealized losses were as follows as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 (dollars in thousands):


	Less Than 12 Months						12 Months or Longer						Total					Less Than 12 Months						12 Months or Longer						Total
	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Quantity	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Quantity	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Quantity	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Quantity	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Held to maturity
MBS:
U.S. government agencies	$	1,725	$	(5	)	6	$	904	$	(11	)	6	$	2,629	$	(16	)	$	5,110	$	(32	)	6	$	45	$	(1	)	5	$	5,155	$	(33	)
Private label residential	—		—			—	40		(1		)	7	40		(1		)	13		(2		)	2	11		(2		)	2	24		(4		)
U.S. Treasury and U.S. government agency securities	4,985		(2		)	1	5,960		(38		)	2	10,945		(40		)	—		—			—	2,997		(2		)	1	2,997		(2		)
Total	$	6,710	$	(7	)	7	$	6,904	$	(50	)	15	$	13,614	$	(57	)	$	5,123	$	(34	)	8	$	3,053	$	(5	)	8	$	8,176	$	(39	)

Available for sale
MBS: U.S. government agencies	$	1,101	$	(10	)	3	$	—	$	—		—	$	1,101	$	(10	)	$	32,116	$	(265	)	5	$	—	$	—		—	$	32,116	$	(265	)
Total	$	1,101	$	(10	)	3	$	—	$	—		—	$	1,101	$	(10	)	$	32,116	$	(265	)	5	$	—	$	—		—	$	32,116	$	(265	)

Held to maturity ~~and available for sale~~ investment securities with unrealized losses were as follows as of September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):


	Less Than 12 Months						12 Months or Longer						Total					Less Than 12 Months						12 Months or Longer						Total
	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Quantity	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Quantity	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Quantity	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses			Quantity	Estimated Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Held to maturity
MBS:
U.S. government agencies	$	954	$	(20	)	2	$	64	$	(1	)	5	$	1,018	$	(21	)	$	291	$	(1	)	2	$	76	$	(1	)	6	$	367	$	(2	)
Private label residential	—		—			—	50		(2		)	8	50		(2		)	—		—			—	23		(1		)	5	23		(1		)
U.S. Treasury and U.S. government agency securities	7,946		(22		)	2	2,935		(61		)	1	10,881		(83		)	—		—			—	2,991		(8		)	1	2,991		(8		)
Total	$	8,900	$	(42	)	4	$	3,049	$	(64	)	14	$	11,949	$	(106	)	$	291	$	(1	)	2	$	3,090	$	(10	)	12	$	3,381	$	(11	)

Available for sale
MBS:
U.S. government agencies	$	34	$	(1	)	1	$	—	$	—		—	$	34	$	(1	)
Mutual funds	—		—			—	917		(83		)	1	917		(83		)
Total	$	34	$	(1	)	1	$	917	$	(83	)	1	$	951	$	(84	)

The Company has evaluated the investment securities in the above tables and has determined that the decline in their fair value is temporary. The unrealized losses are primarily due to changes in market interest rates and spreads in the market for mortgage-related products. The fair value of these securities is expected to recover as the securities approach their maturity dates and/or as the pricing spreads narrow on mortgage-related securities. The Company has the ability and the intent to hold the investments until the ~~market~~fair value recovers. Furthermore, as of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, management does not have the intent to sell any of the securities classified as available for sale where the estimated fair value is below the recorded value and believes that it is more

likely than not that the Company will not have to sell such securities before a recovery of cost (or recorded value if previously written down).

The Company bifurcates OTTI into (1) amounts related to credit losses which are recognized through earnings and (2) amounts related to all other factors which are recognized as a component of other comprehensive income (loss). To determine the component of the gross OTTI related to credit losses, the Company compared the amortized cost basis of the OTTI security to the present value of its revised expected cash flows, discounted using its pre-impairment yield. The revised expected cash flow estimates for individual securities are based primarily on an analysis of default rates, prepayment speeds and third-party analytic

reports. Significant judgment by management is required in this analysis that includes, but is not limited to, assumptions regarding the collectability of principal and interest, net of related expenses, on the underlying loans.

The following table presents a summary of the significant inputs utilized to measure management’s estimates of the credit loss component on OTTI securities as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018:~~2019:


	Range				Weighted		Range				Weighted
							Minimum		Maximum		Average
March 31, 2020
Constant prepayment rate							6.00	%	15.00	%	10.91	%
Collateral default rate							1.86	%	22.47	%	10.44	%
Loss severity rate							—	%	16.34	%	4.02	%
	Minimum		Maximum		Average
March 31, 2019
Constant prepayment rate	6.00	%	15.00	%	10.24	%	6.00	%	15.00	%	10.24	%
Collateral default rate	—	%	16.06	%	5.20	%	—	%	16.06	%	5.20	%
Loss severity rate	—	%	78.00	%	40.02	%	—	%	78.00	%	40.02	%

March 31, 2018
Constant prepayment rate	6.00	%	15.00	%	11.01	%
Collateral default rate	—	%	11.85	%	5.04	%
Loss severity rate	—	%	72.00	%	38.32	%

The following table presents the OTTI recoveries ~~(losses)~~ for the three and six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019					Three Months Ended March 31, 2018				Three Months Ended March 31, 2020				Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Held To Maturity			Available For Sale		Held To Maturity		Available For Sale		Held To Maturity		Available For Sale		Held To Maturity			Available For Sale
Total recoveries	$	20		$	—	$	14	$	—	$	3	$	—	$	20		$	—
Adjustment for portion of OTTI transferred from other comprehensive income (loss) before income taxes (1)	(11		)	—		—		—		—		—		(11		)	—
Net recoveries recognized in earnings (2)	$	9		$	—	$	14	$	—	$	3	$	—	$	9		$	—


	Six Months Ended March 31, 2019					Six Months Ended March 31, 2018					Six Months Ended March 31, 2020				Six Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Held To Maturity			Available For Sale		Held To Maturity			Available For Sale		Held To Maturity		Available For Sale		Held To Maturity			Available For Sale
Total recoveries	$	32		$	—	$	41		$	—	$	106	$	—	$	32		$	—
Adjustment for portion of OTTI transferred from other comprehensive income (loss) before income taxes (1)	(12		)	—		(5		)	—		—		—		(12		)	—
Net recoveries recognized in earnings (2)	$	20		$	—	$	36		$	—	$	106	$	—	$	20		$	—

_________________

(1) Represents OTTI related to all other factors.

(2) Represents OTTI related to credit losses.

The following table presents a roll forward of the credit loss component of held to maturity and available for sale debt securities that have been written down for OTTI with the credit loss component recognized in earnings for the six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):


	Six Months Ended March 31,						Six Months Ended March 31,
	2019			2018			2020			2019
Beginning balance of credit loss	$	1,153		$	1,301		$	1,071		$	1,153
Additions:
Additional increases to the amount related to credit loss for which OTTI was previously recognized	12			13			—			12
Subtractions:
Realized losses previously recorded as credit losses	(13		)	(41		)	(60		)	(13		)
Recovery of prior credit loss	(32		)	(35		)	(106		)	(32		)
Ending balance of credit loss	$	1,120		$	1,238		$	905		$	1,120

During the six months ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded a $60,000 net realized loss (as a result of investment securities being deemed worthless) on 19 held to maturity investment securities, all of which had been recognized previously as a credit loss. During the six months ended March 31, 2019, the Company recorded a $13,000 net realized loss (as a result of investment securities being deemed worthless) on 17 held to maturity investment securities, all of which had been recognized previously as a credit loss. During the six months ended March 31, 2018, the Company recorded a $41,000 net realized loss (as a result of investment securities being deemed worthless) on 15 held to maturity investment securities, all of which had been recognized previously as a credit loss.

The recorded amount of investment securities pledged as collateral for public fund deposits, federal treasury tax and loan deposits, FHLB collateral and other non-profit organization deposits totaled ~~$14.80~~$43.71 million and ~~$12.10~~$18.59 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018,~~2019, respectively.

The contractual maturities of debt securities at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 were as follows (dollars in thousands). Expected maturities may differ from scheduled maturities due to the prepayment of principal or call provisions.


	Held to Maturity				Available for Sale				Held to Maturity				Available for Sale
	Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Estimated Fair Value
Due within one year	$	7,987	$	7,981	$	—	$	—	$	3,004	$	3,001	$	—	$	—
Due after one year to five years	7,098		7,106		173		173		164		172		121		121
Due after five years to ten years	6,013		6,099		216		217		5,817		6,282		6,301		6,068
Due after ten years	20,263		21,004		1,749		1,751		27,682		28,877		35,239		35,281
Total	$	41,361	$	42,190	$	2,138	$	2,141	$	36,667	$	38,332	$	41,661	$	41,470

(4) GOODWILL AND CDI

Goodwill is initially recorded when the purchase price paid in a business combination exceeds the estimated fair value of the net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Goodwill is presumed to have an indefinite useful life and is analyzed annually for impairment. The Company performs an annual review during the third quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if indicators of potential impairment exist, to determine if the recorded goodwill is impaired. For purposes of goodwill impairment testing, the services offered through the Bank and its subsidiary are managed as one strategic unit and represent the Company's only reporting unit.

The annual goodwill impairment test begins with a qualitative assessment of whether it is "more likely than not" that the reporting unit's fair value is less than its carrying amount. If an entity concludes that it is not "more likely than not" that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, it need not perform a two-step impairment test. If the Company's qualitative assessment concluded that it is "more likely than not" that the fair value of its reporting unit is less than its carrying

amount, it must perform the two-step impairment test to identify potential goodwill impairment and measure the amount of

goodwill impairment loss to be recognized, if any. The first step of the goodwill impairment test compares the estimated fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, or the book value, including goodwill. If the estimated fair value of the reporting unit equals or exceeds its book value, goodwill is considered not impaired, and the second step of the impairment test is unnecessary.

The second step, if necessary, measures the amount of goodwill impairment loss to be recognized. The reporting unit must determine fair value for all assets and liabilities, excluding goodwill. The net of the assigned fair value of assets and liabilities is then compared to the book value of the reporting unit, and any excess book value becomes the implied fair value of goodwill. If the carrying amount of the goodwill exceeds the newly calculated implied fair value of goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in the amount required to write-down the goodwill to the implied fair value.

Management's qualitative assessment takes into consideration macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost or margin factors, financial performance and share price of the Company's common stock. Based on this assessment, the Company determined that it is not "more likely than not" that the Company's fair value is less than its carrying amount and therefore goodwill was determined not to be impaired at May 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

A significant amount of judgment is involved in determining if an indicator of goodwill impairment has occurred. Such indicators may include, among others: a significant decline in expected future cash flows; a sustained, significant decline in the Company's stock price and market capitalization; a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate; adverse assessment or action by a regulator; and unanticipated competition. Any change in these indicators could have a significant negative impact on the Company's financial condition, impact the goodwill impairment analysis or cause the Company to perform a goodwill impairment analysis more frequently than once per year.

AsDue to the current market conditions as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company performed a qualitative assessment of goodwill as of March 31, ~~2019, management believes~~2020 and determined that ~~there have been no events or changes in~~ the ~~circumstances since May~~fair value of the reporting unit more likely than not exceeded the carrying value at March 31, ~~2018 that would indicate a potential impairment of goodwill.~~2020. No assurances can be given, however, that the Company will not record an impairment loss on goodwill in the future.

The ~~following table presents the change in the carrying~~recorded amount of goodwill ~~for the period indicated (dollars in thousands).~~

Six Months Ended March 31,
2019
Balance at the beginning of the period $ 5,650
Addition as a result of the South Sound Merger (see Note 2) 9,481
Balance at the end of the period $ 15,131
at March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019 remained unchanged at $15.13 million.

~~The following table presents~~CDI is evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable, with any changes in estimated useful life accounted for prospectively over the ~~change~~revised remaining life. As of March 31, 2020, management believes that there have been no events or changes in ~~CDI for~~ the ~~period indicated (dollars in thousands).~~

Six Months Ended March 31,
2019
Balance at the beginning of the period $ —
Addition as a result of the South Sound Merger (see Note 2) 2,483
Amortization (219 )
Balance at the end of the period $ 2,264
circumstances that would indicate a potential impairment of CDI.

(5) LOANS RECEIVABLE AND ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

Loans receivable at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 are reported net of unamortized discounts totaling ~~$1.64~~$1.13 million.

Loans receivable by portfolio segment consisted of the following at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):


	March 31, 2019				September 30, 2018				March 31, 2020				September 30, 2019
	Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family (1)	$	130,413	13.3	%	$	115,941	14.1	%	$	125,285	12.4	%	$	132,661	13.4	%
Multi-family	74,816		7.6		61,928		7.5		81,298		8.1		76,036		7.7
Commercial	417,223		42.6		345,113		42.0		444,276		44.1		419,117		42.3
Construction - custom and owner/builder	120,789		12.3		119,555		14.6		119,175		11.8		128,848		13.0
Construction - speculative one- to four-family	20,014		2.0		15,433		1.9		14,679		1.5		16,445		1.7
Construction - commercial	42,157		4.4		39,590		4.8		37,446		3.6		39,566		4.0
Construction - multi-family	29,399		3.0		10,740		1.3		34,026		3.4		36,263		3.6
Construction - land development	8,782		0.9		3,040		0.4		5,774		0.6		2,404		0.2
Land	22,471		2.3		25,546		3.1		29,333		2.9		30,770		3.1
Total mortgage loans	866,064		88.4		736,886		89.8		891,292		88.4		882,110		89.0

Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	41,609		4.2		37,341		4.5		38,972		3.9		40,190		4.1
Other	4,605		0.5		3,515		0.5		3,829		0.4		4,312		0.4
Total consumer loans	46,214		4.7		40,856		5.0		42,801		4.3		44,502		4.5

Commercial business loans	68,074		6.9		43,053		5.2		73,622		7.3		64,764		6.5

Total loans receivable	980,352		100.0	%	820,795		100.0	%	1,007,715		100.0	%	991,376		100.0	%
Less:
Undisbursed portion of construction loans in process	94,471				83,237				85,474				92,226
Deferred loan origination fees, net	2,856				2,637				2,694				2,798
Allowance for loan losses	9,741				9,530				11,890				9,690
	107,068				95,404				100,058				104,714
Loans receivable, net	$	873,284			$	725,391			$	907,657			$	886,662
_____________________________
(1) Does not include one- to four-family loans held for sale totaling $3,068 and $1,785 at March 31, 2019 and September 30, 2018, respectively.
(1) Does not include one- to four-family loans held for sale totaling $5,798 and $6,071 at March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively.									(1) Does not include one- to four-family loans held for sale totaling $5,798 and $6,071 at March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019, respectively.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The following tables set forth information for the three and six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019 regarding activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment (dollars in thousands):


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019												Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
	Beginning Allowance		Provision for (Recapture of) Loan Losses			Charge- offs			Recoveries		Ending Allowance		Beginning Allowance		Provision for (Recapture of) Loan Losses			Charge- offs			Recoveries		Ending Allowance
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	$	1,159	$	(72	)	$	—		$	67	$	1,154	$	1,065	$	83		$	—		$	1	$	1,149
Multi-family	449		21			—			—		470		499		96			—			—		595
Commercial	4,239		(267		)	—			150		4,122		4,410		1,351			—			1		5,762
Construction – custom and owner/builder	643		23			—			—		666		754		(57		)	—			—		697
Construction – speculative one- to four-family	206		43			—			—		249		248		(44		)	—			—		204
Construction – commercial	386		(2		)	—			—		384		403		20			—			—		423
Construction – multi-family	209		63			—			—		272		333		61			—			—		394
Construction – land development	143		101			—			—		244		48		32			—			—		80
Land	757		(112		)	—			4		649		654		19			—			5		678
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	666		5			(4		)	—		667		609		47			—			—		656
Other	101		11			(1		)	1		112		87		(10		)	(1		)	2		78
Commercial business loans	575		186			(9		)	—		752		772		402			—			—		1,174
Total	$	9,533	$	—		$	(14	)	$	222	$	9,741	$	9,882	$	2,000		$	(1	)	$	9	$	11,890



	Six Months Ended March 31, 2020
	Beginning Allowance		Provision for (Recapture of) Loan Losses			Charge- offs			Recoveries		Ending Allowance
Mortgage loans:
One-to four-family	$	1,167	$	(21	)	$	—		$	3	$	1,149
Multi-family	481		114			—			—		595
Commercial	4,154		1,603			—			5		5,762
Construction – custom and owner/builder	755		(63		)	—			5		697
Construction – speculative one- to four-family	212		(8		)	—			—		204
Construction – commercial	338		85			—			—		423
Construction – multi-family	375		19			—			—		394
Construction – land development	67		13			—			—		80
Land	697		(29		)	—			10		678
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	623		33			—			—		656
Other	99		(13		)	(11		)	3		78
Commercial business loans	722		467			(15		)	—		1,174
Total	$	9,690	$	2,200		$	(26	)	$	26	$	11,890


	Six Months Ended March 31, 2019												Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Beginning Allowance		Provision for (Recapture of) Loan Losses			Charge- offs			Recoveries		Ending Allowance		Beginning Allowance		Provision for (Recapture of) Loan Losses			Charge- offs			Recoveries		Ending Allowance
Mortgage loans:
One-to four-family	$	1,086	$	1		$	—		$	67	$	1,154
One- to four-family													$	1,159	$	(72	)	$	—		$	67	$	1,154
Multi-family	433		37			—			—		470		449		21			—			—		470
Commercial	4,248		(276		)	—			150		4,122		4,239		(267		)	—			150		4,122
Construction – custom and owner/builder	671		(5		)	—			—		666		643		23			—			—		666
Construction – speculative one- to four-family	178		71			—			—		249		206		43			—			—		249
Construction – commercial	563		(179		)	—			—		384		386		(2		)	—			—		384
Construction – multi-family	135		137			—			—		272		209		63			—			—		272
Construction – land development	49		195			—			—		244		143		101			—			—		244
Land	844		(203		)	—			8		649		757		(112		)	—			4		649
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	649		22			(4		)	—		667		666		5			(4		)	—		667
Other	117		(4		)	(3		)	2		112		101		11			(1		)	1		112
Commercial business loans	557		204			(9		)	—		752		575		186			(9		)	—		752
Total	$	9,530	$	—		$	(16	)	$	227	$	9,741	$	9,533	$	—		$	(14	)	$	222	$	9,741

Three Months Ended March 31, 2018

Beginning
Allowance

Provision for
(Recapture of) Loan Losses

Charge-
offs
Recoveries
Ending
Allowance
Mortgage loans:
  One- to four-family $ 1,125
$ (65 ) $ —
$ —
$ 1,060
  Multi-family 430
(44 ) —
—
386
  Commercial 4,093
133
(28 ) —
4,198
  Construction – custom and owner/builder 788
(83 ) —
—
705
  Construction – speculative one- to four-family 75
21
—
3
99
  Construction – commercial 396
49
—
—
445
Construction – multi-family 228
56
—
—
284
  Construction – land development —
48
—
—
48
  Land 780
(94 ) —
5
691
Consumer loans:
  Home equity and second mortgage 958
(13 ) —
—
945
  Other 129
(8 ) (1 ) —
120
Commercial business loans 563
—
—
—
563
Total $ 9,565
$ —
$ (29 ) $ 8
$ 9,544


	Six Months Ended March 31, 2018												Six Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Beginning Allowance		Provision for (Recapture of) Loan Losses			Charge- offs			Recoveries		Ending Allowance		Beginning Allowance		Provision for (Recapture of) Loan Losses			Charge- offs			Recoveries		Ending Allowance
Mortgage loans:
One-to four-family	$	1,082	$	(22	)	$	—		$	—	$	1,060	$	1,086	$	1		$	—		$	67	$	1,154
Multi-family	447		(61		)	—			—		386		433		37			—			—		470
Commercial	4,184		42			(28		)	—		4,198		4,248		(276		)	—			150		4,122
Construction – custom and owner/builder	699		6			—			—		705		671		(5		)	—			—		666
Construction – speculative one- to four-family	128		(40		)	—			11		99		178		71			—			—		249
Construction – commercial	303		142			—			—		445		563		(179		)	—			—		384
Construction – multi-family	173		111			—			—		284		135		137			—			—		272
Construction – land development	—		48			—			—		48		49		195			—			—		244
Land	918		(236		)	—			9		691		844		(203		)	—			8		649
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	983		(38		)	—			—		945		649		22			(4		)	—		667
Other	121		—			(2		)	1		120		117		(4		)	(3		)	2		112
Commercial business loans	515		48			—			—		563		557		204			(9		)	—		752
Total	$	9,553	$	—		$	(30	)	$	21	$	9,544	$	9,530	$	—		$	(16	)	$	227	$	9,741

The following tables present information on the loans evaluated individually and collectively for impairment in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):


	Allowance for Loan Losses						Recorded Investment in Loans						Allowance for Loan Losses						Recorded Investment in Loans
	Individually Evaluated for Impairment		Collectively Evaluated for Impairment		Total		Individually Evaluated for Impairment		Collectively Evaluated for Impairment		Total		Individually Evaluated for Impairment		Collectively Evaluated for Impairment		Total		Individually Evaluated for Impairment		Collectively Evaluated for Impairment		Total
March 31, 2019
March 31, 2020
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	$	—	$	1,154	$	1,154	$	1,069	$	129,344	$	130,413	$	—	$	1,149	$	1,149	$	1,426	$	123,859	$	125,285
Multi-family	—		470		470		—		74,816		74,816		—		595		595		—		81,298		81,298
Commercial	—		4,122		4,122		3,271		413,952		417,223		—		5,762		5,762		3,339		440,937		444,276
Construction – custom and owner/builder	—		666		666		—		66,622		66,622		—		697		697		—		69,298		69,298
Construction – speculative one- to four-family	—		249		249		—		11,296		11,296		—		204		204		—		9,507		9,507
Construction – commercial	—		384		384		—		27,752		27,752		—		423		423		—		25,803		25,803
Construction – multi-family	—		272		272		—		13,595		13,595		—		394		394		—		18,753		18,753
Construction – land development	—		244		244		—		7,405		7,405		—		80		80		—		2,265		2,265
Land	77		572		649		461		22,010		22,471		25		653		678		193		29,140		29,333
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	—		667		667		342		41,267		41,609		—		656		656		581		38,391		38,972
Other	9		103		112		15		4,590		4,605		—		78		78		11		3,818		3,829
Commercial business loans	145		607		752		515		67,559		68,074		64		1,110		1,174		543		73,079		73,622
Total	$	231	$	9,510	$	9,741	$	5,673	$	880,208	$	885,881	$	89	$	11,801	$	11,890	$	6,093	$	916,148	$	922,241


September 30, 2018
September 30, 2019
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	$	—	$	1,086	$	1,086	$	1,054	$	114,887	$	115,941	$	—	$	1,167	$	1,167	$	1,192	$	131,469	$	132,661
Multi-family	—		433		433		—		61,928		61,928		—		481		481		—		76,036		76,036
Commercial	—		4,248		4,248		2,446		342,667		345,113		—		4,154		4,154		3,190		415,927		419,117
Construction – custom and owner/builder	—		671		671		—		67,024		67,024		—		755		755		—		75,411		75,411
Construction – speculative one- to four-family	—		178		178		—		7,107		7,107		—		212		212		—		10,779		10,779
Construction – commercial	—		563		563		—		23,440		23,440		—		338		338		—		24,051		24,051
Construction – multi-family	—		135		135		—		5,983		5,983		—		375		375		—		19,256		19,256
Construction – land development	—		49		49		—		1,567		1,567		—		67		67		—		1,803		1,803
Land	34		810		844		243		25,303		25,546		27		670		697		204		30,566		30,770
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	—		649		649		359		36,982		37,341		—		623		623		603		39,587		40,190
Other	—		117		117		—		3,515		3,515		17		82		99		23		4,289		4,312
Commercial business loans	63		494		557		170		42,883		43,053		128		594		722		725		64,039		64,764
Total	$	97	$	9,433	$	9,530	$	4,272	$	733,286	$	737,558	$	172	$	9,518	$	9,690	$	5,937	$	893,213	$	899,150

The following tables present an analysis of loans by aging category and portfolio segment at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):


	30–59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Non- Accrual (1)		Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans		30–59 Days Past Due		60-89 Days Past Due		Non- Accrual (1)		Past Due 90 Days or More and Still Accruing		Total Past Due		Current		Total Loans
March 31, 2019
March 31, 2020
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	$	—	$	—	$	568	$	—	$	568	$	129,845	$	130,413	$	—	$	—	$	941	$	—	$	941	$	124,344	$	125,285
Multi-family	—		—		—		—		—		74,816		74,816		—		—		—		—		—		81,298		81,298
Commercial	456		—		844		—		1,300		415,923		417,223		91		—		947		—		1,038		443,238		444,276
Construction – custom and owner/builder	—		—		—		—		—		66,622		66,622		—		—		—		—		—		69,298		69,298
Construction – speculative one- to four- family	—		—		—		—		—		11,296		11,296		—		—		—		—		—		9,507		9,507
Construction – commercial	—		—		—		—		—		27,752		27,752		—		—		—		—		—		25,803		25,803
Construction – multi-family	—		—		—		—		—		13,595		13,595		—		—		—		—		—		18,753		18,753
Construction – land development	228		—		—		—		228		7,177		7,405		—		—		—		—		—		2,265		2,265
Land	11		—		461		—		472		21,999		22,471		—		—		193		—		193		29,140		29,333
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	—		36		342		—		378		41,231		41,609		—		—		581		—		581		38,391		38,972
Other	—		—		15		—		15		4,590		4,605		1		—		11		—		12		3,817		3,829
Commercial business loans	99		—		515		—		614		67,460		68,074		125		—		543		—		668		72,954		73,622
Total	$	794	$	36	$	2,745	$	—	$	3,575	$	882,306	$	885,881	$	217	$	—	$	3,216	$	—	$	3,433	$	918,808	$	922,241


September 30, 2018
September 30, 2019
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	$	557	$	—	$	545	$	—	$	1,102	$	114,839	$	115,941	$	—	$	286	$	699	$	—	$	985	$	131,676	$	132,661
Multi-family	—		—		—		—		—		61,928		61,928		—		—		—		—		—		76,036		76,036
Commercial	574		—		—		—		574		344,539		345,113		94		218		779		—		1,091		418,026		419,117
Construction – custom and owner/ builder	—		—		—		—		—		67,024		67,024		—		—		—		—		—		75,411		75,411
Construction – speculative one- to four- family	—		—		—		—		—		7,107		7,107		—		—		—		—		—		10,779		10,779
Construction – commercial	—		—		—		—		—		23,440		23,440		—		—		—		—		—		24,051		24,051
Construction – multi-family	—		—		—		—		—		5,983		5,983		—		—		—		—		—		19,256		19,256
Construction – land development	—		—		—		—		—		1,567		1,567		—		—		��		—		—		1,803		1,803
Land	40		—		243		—		283		25,263		25,546		5		193		204		—		402		30,368		30,770
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	42		—		359		—		401		36,940		37,341		94		—		603		—		697		39,493		40,190
Other	10		16		—		—		26		3,489		3,515		—		—		23		—		23		4,289		4,312
Commercial business loans	—		—		170		—		170		42,883		43,053		—		2		725		—		727		64,037		64,764
Total	$	1,223	$	16	$	1,317	$	—	$	2,556	$	735,002	$	737,558	$	193	$	699	$	3,033	$	—	$	3,925	$	895,225	$	899,150

______________________

(1) Includes non-accrual loans past due 90 days or more and other loans classified as non-accrual.

Credit Quality Indicators

The Company uses credit risk grades which reflect the Company’s assessment of a loan’s risk or loss potential. The Company categorizes loans into risk grade categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt such as: current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information and current economic trends, among other factors such as the estimated fair value of the collateral. The Company uses the following definitions for credit risk ratings as part of the on-going monitoring of the credit quality of its loan portfolio:

Pass: Pass loans are defined as those loans that meet acceptable quality underwriting standards.

Watch: Watch loans are defined as those loans that still exhibit acceptable quality, but have some concerns that justify greater attention. If these concerns are not corrected, a potential for further adverse categorization exists. These concerns could relate to a specific condition peculiar to the borrower, its industry segment or the general economic environment.

Special Mention: Special mention loans are defined as those loans deemed by management to have some potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in the deterioration of the payment prospects of the loan.

Substandard: Substandard loans are defined as those loans that are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor, or of the collateral pledged. Loans classified as substandard have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the repayment of the debt. If the weakness or weaknesses are not corrected, there is the distinct possibility that some loss will be sustained.

Loss: Loans in this classification are considered uncollectible and of such little value that continuance as bankable assets is not warranted. This classification does not mean that the loan has absolutely no recovery or salvage value, but rather it is not practical or desirable to defer writing off this loan even though partial recovery may be realized in the future. At March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018,~~2019, there were no loans classified as loss.

The following tables present an analysis of loans by credit quality indicator and portfolio segment at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):


	Loan Grades										Loan Grades
March 31, 2019	Pass		Watch		Special Mention		Substandard		Total
March 31, 2020											Pass		Watch		Special Mention		Substandard		Total
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	$	127,202	$	699	$	567	$	1,945	$	130,413	$	122,490	$	1,286	$	557	$	952	$	125,285
Multi-family	74,816		—		—		—		74,816		81,298		—		—		—		81,298
Commercial	406,675		8,285		696		1,567		417,223		433,461		8,667		668		1,480		444,276
Construction – custom and owner/builder	66,391		231		—		—		66,622		68,256		1,042		—		—		69,298
Construction – speculative one- to four-family	11,296		—		—		—		11,296		9,507		—		—		—		9,507
Construction – commercial	27,752		—		—		—		27,752		25,803		—		—		—		25,803
Construction – multi-family	13,595		—		—		—		13,595		18,753		—		—		—		18,753
Construction – land development	7,178		—		—		227		7,405		2,133		—		—		132		2,265
Land	19,806		968		1,236		461		22,471		27,013		1,539		588		193		29,333
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	40,994		79		—		536		41,609		38,402		56		—		514		38,972
Other	4,556		34		—		15		4,605		3,785		33		—		11		3,829
Commercial business loans	66,766		274		131		903		68,074		72,715		231		79		597		73,622
Total	$	867,027	$	10,570	$	2,630	$	5,654	$	885,881	$	903,616	$	12,854	$	1,892	$	3,879	$	922,241

September 30, 2018
September 30, 2019
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	$	113,148	$	882	$	581	$	1,330	$	115,941	$	129,748	$	296	$	562	$	2,055	$	132,661
Multi-family	61,928		—		—		—		61,928		76,036		—		—		—		76,036
Commercial	334,908		8,375		988		842		345,113		405,165		11,944		683		1,325		419,117
Construction – custom and owner/builder	66,720		304		—		—		67,024		75,178		233		—		—		75,411
Construction – speculative one- to four-family	7,107		—		—		—		7,107		10,779		—		—		—		10,779
Construction – commercial	23,440		—		—		—		23,440		24,051		—		—		—		24,051
Construction – multi-family	5,983		—		—		—		5,983		19,256		—		—		—		19,256
Construction – land development	1,567		—		—		—		1,567		1,659		—		—		144		1,803
Land	22,810		988		1,505		243		25,546		28,390		952		1,217		211		30,770
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	36,697		82		—		562		37,341		39,364		41		—		785		40,190
Other	3,480		—		—		35		3,515		4,257		33		—		22		4,312
Commercial business loans	42,812		22		49		170		43,053		63,669		232		85		778		64,764
Total	$	720,600	$	10,653	$	3,123	$	3,182	$	737,558	$	877,552	$	13,731	$	2,547	$	5,320	$	899,150

Impaired Loans

A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts (principal and interest) when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as residential mortgage loans and consumer loans, may be collectively evaluated for impairment. When a loan has been identified as being impaired, the amount of the impairment is measured by using discounted cash flows, except when, as an alternative, the current estimated fair value of the collateral (reduced by estimated costs to sell, if applicable) or observable market price is used. The valuation of real estate collateral is subjective in nature and may be adjusted in future periods because of changes in economic conditions. Management considers third-party appraisals, as well as independent fair market value assessments from realtors or persons involved in selling real estate, in determining the estimated fair value of particular properties. In addition, as certain of these third-party appraisals and independent fair market value assessments are only updated periodically, changes in the values of specific properties may have occurred subsequent to the most recent appraisals. Accordingly, the amounts of any such potential changes and any related adjustments are generally recorded at the time such information is received. When the estimated net realizable value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (including accrued interest and net deferred loan origination fees or costs), impairment is recognized by creating or adjusting an allocation of the allowance for loan losses and uncollected accrued interest is reversed against interest income. If ultimate collection of principal is in doubt, all cash receipts on impaired loans are applied to reduce the principal balance.

The categories of non-accrual loans and impaired loans overlap, although they are not identical.

The following table is a summary of information related to impaired loans by portfolio segment as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and for the three and six months then ended (dollars in thousands):


	Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance (Loan Balance Plus Charge Off)		Related Allowance		Quarter to Date ("QTD") Average Recorded Investment (1)		Year to Date ("YTD") Average Recorded Investment (2)		QTD Interest Income Recognized (1)		YTD Interest Income Recognized (2)		QTD Cash Basis Interest Income Recognized (1)		YTD Cash Basis Interest Income Recognized (2)		Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance (Loan Balance Plus Charge Off)		Related Allowance		Quarter to Date ("QTD") Average Recorded Investment (1)		Year to Date ("YTD") Average Recorded Investment (2)		QTD Interest Income Recognized (1)		YTD Interest Income Recognized (2)		QTD Cash Basis Interest Income Recognized (1)		YTD Cash Basis Interest Income Recognized (2)
With no related allowance recorded:
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	$	1,069	$	1,150	$	—	$	1,042	$	1,046	$	17	$	35	$	16	$	32	$	941	$	984	$	—	$	1,186	$	1,188	$	20	$	25	$	18	$	23
Commercial	3,271		3,271		—		2,854		2,718		40		80		32		62		3,339		3,339		—		3,240		3,223		52		105		42		73
Land	68		141		—		34		53		—		—		—		—		57		111		—		58		60		—		—		—		—
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	342		342		—		364		362		—		—		—		—		581		581		—		581		588		—		—		—		—
Other																			11		11		—		6		4		—		—		—		—
Commercial business loans	205		213		—		160		106		2		2		2		2		144		262		—		164		172		—		—		—		—
Subtotal	4,955		5,117		—		4,454		4,285		59		117		50		96		5,073		5,288		—		5,235		5,235		72		130		60		96

With an allowance recorded:
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family																			485		485		—		243		162		—		—		—		—
Land	393		393		77		395		263		—		—		—		—		136		136		25		138		139		—		—		—		—
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	—		—		—		—		51		—		—		—		—
Other	15		15		9		8		5		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		6		12		—		—		—		—
Commercial business loans	310		310		145		248		222		—		—		—		—		399		399		64		409		451		—		—		—		—
Subtotal	718		718		231		651		541		—		—		—		—		1,020		1,020		89		796		764		—		—		—		—

Total:
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	1,069		1,150		—		1,042		1,046		17		35		16		32		1,426		1,469		—		1,429		1,350		20		25		18		23
Commercial	3,271		3,271		—		2,854		2,718		40		80		32		62		3,339		3,339		—		3,240		3,223		52		105		42		73
Land	461		534		77		429		316		—		—		—		—		193		247		25		196		199		—		—		—		—
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	342		342		—		364		413		—		—		—		—		581		581		—		581		588		—		—		—		—
Other	15		15		9		8		5		—		—		—		—		11		11		—		12		16		—		—		—		—
Commercial business loans	515		523		145		408		328		2		2		2		2		543		661		64		573		623		—		—		—		—
Total	$	5,673	$	5,835	$	231	$	5,105	$	4,826	$	59	$	117	$	50	$	96	$	6,093	$	6,308	$	89	$	6,031	$	5,999	$	72	$	130	$	60	$	96


(1)	For the three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020.


(2)	For the six months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020.

The following table is a summary of information related to impaired loans by portfolio segment as of and for the year ended September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):


	Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance (Loan Balance Plus Charge Off)		Related Allowance		Average Recorded Investment (1)		Interest Income Recognized (1)		Cash Basis Interest Income Recognized (1)		Recorded Investment		Unpaid Principal Balance (Loan Balance Plus Charge Off)		Related Allowance		YTD Average Recorded Investment (1)		YTD Interest Income Recognized (1)		YTD Cash Basis Interest Income Recognized (1)
With no related allowance recorded:
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	$	1,054	$	1,200	$	—	$	1,422	$	80	$	69	$	1,192	$	1,236	$	—	$	1,110	$	71	$	62
Commercial	2,446		2,446		—		2,389		121		93		3,190		3,190		—		2,920		227		192
Land	90		195		—		283		11		10		63		126		—		100		3		3
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	359		359		—		210		3		3		603		603		—		459		—		—
Commercial business loans													189		291		—		142		30		30
Subtotal	3,949		4,200		—		4,304		215		175		5,237		5,446		—		4,731		331		287

With an allowance recorded:
Mortgage loans:
Land													141		141		27		246		—		—
Consumer loans:
Other													23		23		17		10		—		—
Commercial business loans													536		536		128		350		30		30
Subtotal													700		700		172		606		30		30
Total
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	—		—		—		9		—		—		1,192		1,236		—		1,110		71		62
Commercial	—		—		—		760		28		21		3,190		3,190		—		2,920		227		192
Land	153		153		34		383		9		8		204		267		27		346		3		3
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	—		—		—		310		16		13		603		603		—		459		—		—
Commercial business loans	170		170		63		141		—		—
Subtotal	323		323		97		1,603		53		42
Total:
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	1,054		1,200		—		1,431		80		69
Commercial	2,446		2,446		—		3,149		149		114
Land	243		348		34		666		20		18
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	359		359		—		520		19		16
Other													23		23		17		10		—		—
Commercial business loans	170		170		63		141		—		—		725		827		128		492		60		60
Total	$	4,272	$	4,523	$	97	$	5,907	$	268	$	217	$	5,937	$	6,146	$	172	$	5,337	$	361	$	317

(1) For the year ended September 30, ~~2018.~~2019.

A troubled debt restructured loan ("TDR") is a loan for which the Company, for reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, grants a concession to the borrower that the Company would not otherwise consider. Examples of such concessions include, but are not limited to: a reduction in the stated interest rate; an extension of the maturity at an interest rate below current market rates; a reduction in the face amount of the debt; a reduction in the accrued interest; or re-amortizations, extensions, deferrals and renewals. TDRs are considered impaired and are individually evaluated for impairment. TDRs are classified as non-accrual (and considered to be non-performing) unless they have been performing in accordance with modified terms for a period of at least six months. The Company had ~~$3.23~~$3.22 million and ~~$3.28~~$3.27 million in TDRs included in impaired loans at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018,~~2019, respectively, and had no commitments at these dates to lend additional funds on these loans. The allowance for loan losses allocated to TDRs at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018~~2019 was ~~$78,000~~$47,000 and ~~$97,000,~~$56,000, respectively. There were no TDRs for which there was a payment default within the first 12 months of the modification during the ~~six~~three months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020.

The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act of 2020 signed into law on March 27, 2020 ("CARES Act") provided guidance around the modification of loans as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which outlined, among other criteria, that short-term modifications made on a good faith basis to borrowers who were current as defined under the CARES Act prior to any relief, are not TDRs. This includes short-term (e.g. six months) modifications such as payment deferrals, fee waivers,

extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant. Borrowers are considered current under the CARES Act if they are less than 30 days past due on their contractual payments at the time a modification program is implemented. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had approved COVID-19 pandemic related loan modifications for 125 loans aggregating to $79.41 million, or 8.6% of loans receivable. The Company is continuing to make COVID-19 pandemic related modifications for borrowers and as of April 30, 2020, had approved 178 loan modifications aggregating to $125.24 million, or 13.6% of loans receivable balances as of March 31, 2020.

The following tables set forth information with respect to the Company’s TDRs by interest accrual status as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):


	March 31, 2019						March 31, 2020
	Accruing		Non- Accrual		Total		Accruing		Non- Accrual		Total
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	$	501	$	144	$	645	$	485	$	—	$	485
Commercial	2,427		—		2,427		2,392		—		2,392
Land							—		136		136
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage							—		77		77
Commercial business loans	—		155		155		—		130		130
Total	$	2,928	$	299	$	3,227	$	2,877	$	343	$	3,220


	September 30, 2018						September 30, 2019
	Accruing		Non- Accrual		Total		Accruing		Non- Accrual		Total
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	$	509	$	—	$	509	$	493	$	141	$	634
Commercial	2,446		—		2,446		2,410		—		2,410
Land	—		153		153
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage							—		82		82
Commercial business loans	—		170		170		—		143		143
Total	$	2,955	$	323	$	3,278	$	2,903	$	366	$	3,269

There were no new TDRs during the six months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020.

There ~~were three~~was one new ~~TDRs for~~TDR during the year ended September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. The following table sets forth information with respect to the Company's TDRs, by portfolio segment, during the year ended September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):

2018
Number of
Contracts

Pre-Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment

Post- Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment

End of
Period
Balance
Land loans (1) 1 $ 244
$ 155
$ 153
Commercial business loans (2) 2 183
183
170
Total 3 $ 427
$ 338
$ 323
(1) Modification was a result of a reduction in principal balance.
(2) Modifications were a result of reduction in monthly payment amounts.



2019	Number of Contracts	Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		End of Period Balance
Home equity and second mortgage loan (1)	1	$	85	$	85	$	82
Total	1	$	85	$	85	$	82
(1) Modification was a result of a reduction in interest rate and monthly payment.

(6) LEASES

The Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 842 ("ASC 842") on October 1, 2019 and began recording operating lease liabilities and operating lease ROU assets on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company has operating leases for three retail bank branch offices. The ROU assets totaled $2.89 million at October 1, 2019. The Company's leases have remaining lease terms of twelve months to eleven years, some of which include options to extend the leases for up to five years.

The components of lease cost (included in the premises and equipment expense category in the consolidated statements of income) are as follows for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020		Six Months Ended March 31, 2020
Lease cost:
Operating lease cost	$	83	$	166
Short-term lease cost	—		—
Total lease cost	$	83	166

The following table provides supplemental information to operating leases at or for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 (dollars in thousands):



	At or For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2020				At or For the Six Months Ended March 31, 2020
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	80			$	158
Weighted average remaining lease term-operating leases	9.7			years	9.7			years
Weighted average discount rate-operating leases	2.22		%		2.22		%

The Company's leases typically do not contain a discount rate implicit in the lease contract. As an alternative, the weighted average discount rate used to value the future value of lease payments due in calculating the value of the ROU asset and lease liability was determined by utilizing the September 30, 2019 fixed-rate advances issued by the FHLB, for all leases entered into prior to the October 1, 2019 adoption date.

Maturities of operating lease liabilities at March 31, 2020 for future fiscal years are as follows (dollars in thousands):



Remainder of 2020	$	159
2021	327
2022	342
2023	310
2024	313
Thereafter	1,639
Total lease payments	3,090
Less imputed interest	331
Total	$	2,759

(7) NET INCOME PER COMMON SHARE

Basic net income per common share is computed by dividing net income to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without considering any dilutive items. Diluted net income per common share is computed by dividing net income to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares and common stock equivalents for items that are dilutive, net of shares assumed to be repurchased using the treasury stock method at the average share price for the Company’s common stock during the period. Common stock equivalents arise from the assumed conversion of outstanding stock options to purchase common stock. Shares owned by the Bank’s ESOP that ~~have~~had not been allocated ~~are~~were not considered to be outstanding for the purpose of computing basic and diluted net income per common share. At March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and March 31, 2019, all shares had been allocated under the Bank's ~~ESOP. At March 31, 2018 there were~~ ~~49,019~~ ~~shares that had not been allocated under the Bank’s~~ ESOP.

Information regarding the calculation of basic and diluted net income per common share for the three and six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019 is as follows (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018		2020		2019		2020		2019
Basic net income per common share computation

Numerator – net income	$	6,114	$	4,269	$	11,729	$	7,883	$	5,049	$	6,114	$	11,701	$	11,729

Denominator – weighted average common shares outstanding	8,310,074		7,328,127		8,301,550		7,320,243		8,344,201		8,310,074		8,342,828		8,301,550

Basic net income per common share	$	0.74	$	0.58	$	1.41	$	1.08	$	0.61	$	0.74	$	1.40	$	1.41

Diluted net income per common share computation
Numerator – net income	$	6,114	$	4,269	$	11,729	$	7,883	$	5,049	$	6,114	$	11,701	$	11,729

Denominator – weighted average common shares outstanding	8,310,074		7,328,127		8,301,550		7,320,243		8,344,201		8,310,074		8,342,828		8,301,550
Effect of dilutive stock options (1)	154,576		183,931		159,588		189,849		112,458		154,576		123,066		159,588
Weighted average common shares outstanding - assuming dilution	8,464,650		7,512,058		8,461,138		7,510,092		8,456,659		8,464,650		8,465,894		8,461,138

Diluted net income per common share	$	0.72	$	0.57	$	1.39	$	1.05	$	0.60	$	0.72	$	1.38	$	1.39

(1) For the three and six months ended March 31, 2020, average options to purchase 138,362 and 121,497 shares of common stock were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted net income per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the three and six months ended March 31, 2019, average options to purchase 102,150 and 102,504 shares of common stock, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted net income per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive. For the three and six months ended March 31, 2018, average options to purchase 58,000 and 58,063 shares of common stock, respectively, were outstanding but not included in the computation of diluted net income per share because their effect would have beenbee anti-dilutive.

~~(7)~~(8) ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

The changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCI") by component during the three and six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019 are as follows (dollars in thousands):



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
	Changes in fair value of available for sale securities (1)			Changes in OTTI on held to maturity securities (1)			Total (1)
Balance of AOCI at the beginning of period	$	(116	)	$	(30	)	$	(146	)
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(35		)	2			(33		)
Balance of AOCI at the end of period	$	(151	)	$	(28	)	$	(179	)



	Six Months Ended March 31, 2020
	Changes in fair value of available for sale securities (1)			Changes in OTTI on held to maturity securities (1)			Total (1)
Balance of AOCI at the beginning of period	$	90		$	(40	)	$	50
Other comprehensive (loss) income	(241		)	12			(229		)
Balance of AOCI at the end of period	$	(151	)	$	(28	)	$	(179	)



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Changes in fair value of available for sale securities (1)			Changes in OTTI on held to maturity securities (1)			Total (1)
Balance of AOCI at the beginning of period	$	(81	)	$	(64	)	$	(145	)
Other comprehensive income	84			16			100
Balance of AOCI at the end of period	$	3		$	(48	)	$	(45	)

Six Months Ended March 31, 2019
Changes in fair value of available for sale securities (1) Changes in OTTI on held to maturity securities (1) Total (1)
Balance of AOCI at the beginning of period $ (58 ) $ (71 ) $ (129 )
Other comprehensive income (2 ) 23
21
Adoption of ASU 2016-01 63
—
63
Balance of AOCI at the end of period $ 3
$ (48 ) $ (45 )

Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
Changes in fair value of available for sale securities (1) Changes in OTTI on held to maturity securities (1) Total (1)
Balance of AOCI at the beginning of period $ (26 ) $ (110 ) $ (136 )
Other comprehensive income (18 ) 22
4
Balance of AOCI at the end of period $ (44 ) $ (88 ) $ (132 )


	Six Months Ended March 31, 2018									Six Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Changes in fair value of available for sale securities (1)			Changes in OTTI on held to maturity securities (1)			Total (1)			Changes in fair value of available for sale securities (1)			Changes in OTTI on held to maturity securities (1)			Total (1)
Balance of AOCI at the beginning of period	$	(19	)	$	(105	)	$	(124	)	$	(58	)	$	(71	)	$	(129	)
Other comprehensive income	(25		)	17			(8		)
Other comprehensive (loss) income										(2		)	23			21
Adoption of ASU 2016-01										$	63		$	—		$	63
Balance of AOCI at the end of period	$	(44	)	$	(88	)	$	(132	)	$	3		$	(48	)	$	(45	)

__________________________

(1) All amounts are net of income taxes.

~~(8)~~(9) STOCK COMPENSATION PLANS

Under the Company’s 2003 Stock Option Plan, the Company was able to grant options for up to 300,000 shares of common stock to employees, officers, directors and directors emeriti. Under the Company's 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, the Company is able to grant options and awards of restricted stock (with or without performance measures) for up to 352,366 shares of common stock to employees, officers, directors and directors emeriti. Under the Company's 2019 Equity Incentive Plan, which was approved by shareholders on January 28, 2020, the Company is able to grant options and awards or restricted stock (with or without performance measures) for up to 350,000 shares of common stock to employees, officers, directors and directors emeriti. Shares issued may be purchased in the open market or may be issued from authorized and unissued shares. The exercise price of each option equals the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. Generally,

options and restricted stock vest in 20% annual installments on each of the five anniversaries from the date of the grant, and options generally have a maximum contractual term of ten years from

the date of grant. At March 31, ~~2019~~2020, there were ~~75,316~~37,726 shares of common stock available which may be awarded as options or restricted stock pursuant to future grant under the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan. At March 31, 2020, there were 350,000 shares of common stock available which may be awarded as options or restricted stock pursuant to future grant under the 2019 Equity Incentive Plan.

At both March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018,~~2019, there were no unvested restricted stock awards. There were no restricted stock grants awarded during the six months ended March 31, ~~2019 or 2018.~~2020 and 2019.

Stock option activity for the six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019 is summarized as follows:


	Six Months Ended March 31, 2019				Six Months Ended March 31, 2018				Six Months Ended March 31, 2020				Six Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Number of Shares		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Number of Shares		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Number of Shares		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Number of Shares		Weighted Average Exercise Price
Options outstanding, beginning of period	380,820		$	16.03	380,120		$	13.23	378,304		$	18.15	380,820		$	16.03
Exercised	(30,416	)	9.31		(29,150	)	8.05		(36,375	)	10.30		(30,416	)	9.31
Granted									1,000		26.50		—		—
Forfeited	(3,900	)	18.63		(4,650	)	11.64		(8,650	)	24.84		(3,900	)	18.63
Options outstanding, end of period	346,504		$	16.59	346,320		$	13.69	334,279		$	18.86	346,504		$	16.59

The weighted average assumptions for options granted during the six months ended March 31, 2020 were as follows:



Expected volatility	29		%
Expected life (in years)	5
Expected dividend yield	3.36		%
Risk free interest rate	1.61		%
Grant date fair value per share	$	4.98

The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised during the six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was $628,000 and ~~2018 was~~ $610,000, ~~and $613,000,~~ respectively.

At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, there were ~~169,650~~154,670 unvested options with an aggregate grant date fair value of ~~$513,000,~~$584,000, all of which the Company assumes will vest. The aggregate intrinsic value of unvested options at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 was ~~$1.21 million.~~$222,000. There were ~~23,400~~no options ~~with an aggregate grant date fair value of $218,000 that~~ vested during the six months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020.

At March 31, ~~2018~~2019, there were ~~198,050~~169,650 unvested options with an aggregate grant date fair value of $~~484,000~~513,000. There were ~~29,500~~23,400 options with an aggregate grant date fair value of $~~75,000~~218,000 that vested during the six months ended March 31, ~~2018~~2019.

Additional information regarding options outstanding at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 is as follows:


	Options Outstanding				Options Exercisable				Options Outstanding				Options Exercisable
Range of Exercise Prices ($)	Number	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Number	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Number	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Number	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)
$ 4.01 - 4.55	2,500	$	4.33	1.4	2,500	$	4.33	1.4	1,000	$	4.01	1.7	1,000	$	4.01	1.7
5.86 - 6.00	24,850	5.97		3.6	24,850	5.97		3.6	19,100	5.97		2.6	19,100	5.97		2.6
9.00	52,775	9.00		4.6	52,775	9.00		4.6	37,425	9.00		3.6	37,425	9.00		3.6
10.26 - 10.71	115,129	10.58		6.1	68,029	10.55		5.9	91,064	10.59		5.1	68,914	10.58		5.0
15.67	49,200	15.67		7.5	17,400	15.67		7.5	42,800	15.67		6.5	23,000	15.67		6.5
26.50 - 27.14									46,640	27.13		9.5	—	N/A		N/A
29.69	56,100	29.69		8.5	11,300	29.69		8.5	53,200	29.69		7.5	21,400	29.69		7.5
31.80	45,950	31.80		9.5	—	N/A		N/A	43,050	31.80		8.5	8,770	31.80		8.5
	346,504	$	16.59	6.7	176,854	$	11.08	5.4	334,279	$	18.86	6.4	179,609	$	13.69	5.1

The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding at March 31, 2020 and 2019 ~~and 2018~~ was ~~$4.22~~$1.41 million and $~~5.79~~4.22 million, respectively.

As of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, unrecognized compensation cost related to ~~non-vested~~unvested stock options was ~~$438,000,~~$510,000, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average life of ~~2.23~~2.24 years.

~~(9)~~(10) FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is defined under GAAP as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. GAAP requires that valuation techniques maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. GAAP also establishes a fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the valuation inputs into three broad levels. Based on the underlying inputs, each fair value measurement in its entirety is reported in one of three levels. These levels are:

Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2: Significant observable inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar (as opposed to identical) assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability based on the best information available in the circumstances.

The Company's assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis consist of investment securities available for sale and investments in equity securities. The estimated fair values of MBS are based upon market prices of similar securities or observable inputs (Level 2). The estimated fair values of mutual funds are based upon quoted market prices (Level 1).

The Company had no liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. The Company's assets measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018~~2019 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

March 31, 2019 Estimated Fair Value
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Total
Available for sale investment securities
MBS: U.S. government agencies $ —
$ 2,141
$ —
$ 2,141
Investments in equity securities
Mutual funds 937
—
—
937
Total $ 937
$ 2,141
$ —
$ 3,078



September 30, 2018	Estimated Fair Value
March 31, 2020									Estimated Fair Value
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Available for sale investment securities
MBS: U.S. government agencies	$	—	$	237	$	—	$	237	$	—	$	41,470	$	—	$	41,470
Investments in equity securities
Mutual funds	917		—		—		917		969		—		—		969
Total	$	917	$	237	$	—	$	1,154	$	969	$	41,470	$	—	$	42,439




September 30, 2019	Estimated Fair Value
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Available for sale investment securities
MBS: U.S. government agencies	$	—	$	22,532	$	—	$	22,532
Investments in equity securities
Mutual funds	958		—		—		958
Total	$	958	$	22,532	$	—	$	23,490

There were no transfers among Level 1, Level 2 and Level 3 during the six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and the year ended September 30, ~~2018.~~2019.

The Company may be required, from time to time, to measure certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a non-recurring basis in accordance with GAAP. These include assets that are measured at the lower of cost or market value that were recognized at fair value below cost at the end of the period.

The Company uses the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate fair value on a non-recurring basis:

Impaired Loans: The estimated fair value of impaired loans is calculated using the collateral value method or on a discounted cash flow basis. The specific reserve for collateral dependent impaired loans is based on the estimated fair value of the collateral less estimated costs to sell, if applicable. In some cases, adjustments are made to the appraised values due to

various factors including age of the appraisal, age of comparables included in the appraisal and known changes in the market and in the collateral. Such adjustments may be significant and typically result in a Level 3 classification of the inputs for determining fair value. Impaired loans are evaluated on a quarterly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly.

Investment Securities Held to Maturity: The estimated fair value of investment securities held to maturity is based upon the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the investment security. Such assumptions include quoted market prices (Level 1), market prices of similar securities or observable inputs (Level 2) and unobservable inputs such as dealer quotes, discounted cash flows or similar techniques (Level 3).

OREO and Other Repossessed Assets, net: OREO and other repossessed assets are recorded at estimated fair value less estimated costs to sell. Estimated fair value is generally determined by management based on a number of factors, including third-party appraisals of estimated fair value in an orderly sale. Estimated costs to sell are based on standard market factors. The valuation of OREO and other repossessed assets is subject to significant external and internal judgment (Level 3).

The following table summarizes the balances of assets measured at estimated fair value on a non-recurring basis at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 (dollars in thousands):


	Estimated Fair Value						Estimated Fair Value
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Impaired loans:
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family							$	—	$	—	$	485
Land	$	—	$	—	$	316	—		—		111
Consumer loans:
Other	—		—		6
Commercial business loans	—		—		165		—		—		335
Total impaired loans	—		—		487		—		—		931
Investment securities – held to maturity:
MBS - private label residential	—		45		—		—		15		15

OREO and other repossessed assets	—		—		2,006		—		—		1,623
Total	$	—	$	45	$	2,493	$	—	$	15	$	2,569

The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for financial instruments measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 (dollars in thousands):

Estimated

Fair Value

Valuation

Technique(s)

Unobservable Input(s)

Range

Estimated

Fair Value

Valuation

Technique(s)

Unobservable Input(s)

Range

Impaired loans

487

Market approach

Appraised value less selling costs

931

Market approach

Appraised value less estimated selling costs

OREO and other repossessed assets

2,006

Market approach

Lower of appraised value or listing price less selling costs

1,623

Market approach

Lower of appraised value or listing price less estimated selling costs

The following table summarizes the balances of assets measured at estimated fair value on a non-recurring basis at September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):


	Estimated Fair Value						Estimated Fair Value
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Impaired loans:
Mortgage loans:
Land	$	—	$	—	$	119	$	—	$	—	$	114
Consumer loans:
Other							—		—		6
Commercial business loans	—		—		107		—		—		408
Total impaired loans	—		—		226		—		—		528
Investment securities – held to maturity:
MBS - private label residential	—		3		—		—		2		—
OREO and other repossessed assets	—		—		1,913		—		—		1,683
Total	$	—	$	3	$	2,139	$	—	$	2	$	2,211

The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 fair value measurements for financial instruments measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):

Estimated

Fair Value

Valuation

Technique(s)

Unobservable Input(s)

Range

Estimated

Fair Value

Valuation

Technique(s)

Unobservable Input(s)

Range

Impaired loans

226

Market approach

Appraised value less selling costs

528

Market approach

Appraised value less estimated selling costs

OREO and other repossessed assets

1,913

Market approach

Lower of appraised value or listing price less selling costs

1,683

Market approach

Lower of appraised value or listing price less estimated selling costs

GAAP requires disclosure of estimated fair values for certain financial instruments. Such estimates are subjective in nature, and significant judgment is required regarding the risk characteristics of various financial instruments at a discrete point in time. Therefore, such estimates could vary significantly if assumptions regarding uncertain factors were to change. In addition, as the Company normally intends to hold the majority of its financial instruments until maturity, it does not expect to realize many of the estimated amounts disclosed. The disclosures also do not include estimated fair value amounts for certain items which are not defined as financial instruments but for which may have significant value. The Company does not believe that it would be practicable to estimate a represented fair value for these types of items as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. Because GAAP excludes certain items from fair value disclosure requirements, any aggregation of the fair value amounts presented would not represent the underlying value of the Company. Additionally, in accordance with ASU No. 2016-01, which the Company adopted on October 1, 2018 on a prospective basis, the Company uses the exit price notion in calculating the fair values of financial instruments not measured at fair value on a recurring basis.

The recorded amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments were as follows as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):


	March 31, 2019										March 31, 2020
					Fair Value Measurements Using:										Fair Value Measurements Using:
	Recorded Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Recorded Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	174,586	$	174,586	$	174,586	$	—	$	—	$	168,148	$	168,148	$	168,148	$	—	$	—
CDs held for investment	65,737		65,737		65,737		—		—		82,472		82,472		82,472		—		—
Investment securities	44,439		45,268		8,886		36,382		—		78,137		79,803		2,997		76,806		—
Investments in equity securities											969		969		969		—		—
FHLB stock	1,437		1,437		1,437		—		—		1,922		1,922		1,922		—		—
Other investments	3,000		3,000		3,000		—		—		3,000		3,000		3,000		—		—
Loans held for sale	3,068		3,133		3,133		—		—		5,798		5,900		5,900		—		—
Loans receivable, net	873,284		868,267		—		—		868,267		907,657		928,886		—		—		928,886
Accrued interest receivable	3,702		3,702		3,702		—		—		3,595		3,595		3,595		—		—

Financial liabilities
Time deposits	158,622		159,413		—		—		159,413
Certificates of deposit											173,201		175,645		—		—		175,645
FHLB borrowings											10,000		10,028		—		—		10,028
Accrued interest payable	256		256		256		—		—		357		357		357		—		—


	September 30, 2018										September 30, 2019
					Fair Value Measurements Using:										Fair Value Measurements Using:
	Recorded Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Recorded Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Financial assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	148,864	$	148,864	$	148,864	$	—	$	—	$	143,015	$	143,015	$	143,015	$	—	$	—
CDs held for investment	63,290		63,290		63,290		—		—		78,346		78,346		78,346		—		—
Investment securities	13,964		14,418		8,812		5,606		—		53,634		55,112		3,949		51,163		—
Investments in equity securities											958		958		958		—		—
FHLB stock	1,190		1,190		1,190		—		—		1,437		1,437		1,437		—		—
Other investments	3,000		3,000		3,000		—		—		3,000		3,000		3,000		—		—
Loans held for sale	1,785		1,814		1,814		—		—		6,071		6,260		6,260		—		—
Loans receivable, net	725,391		711,071		—		—		711,071		886,662		892,495		—		—		892,495
Accrued interest receivable	2,877		2,877		2,877		—		—		3,598		3,598		3,598		—		—

Financial liabilities
Time deposits	141,808		140,831		—		—		140,831
Certificates of deposit											165,655		166,852		—		—		166,852
Accrued interest payable	225		225		225		—		—		333		333		333		—		—

~~(10)~~(11) RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In ~~May 2014,~~January 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU ~~No. 2014-09,~~ ~~Revenue from Contracts with Customers,~~ which created FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 606 ("ASC 606"). The core principle of ASC 606 is that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. To achieve that core principle, an entity should apply the following steps: (1) identify the contract(s) with a customer, (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (3) determine the transaction price, (4) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. ASC 606 was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted ASC 606 on October 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective approach. Therefore, the comparative information has not been adjusted and continues to be reported under superseded ASC 605. There was no cumulative effect adjustment as of October 1, 2018, and there were no material changes to the timing or amount of revenue recognized for the six months ended March 31, 2019; however, additional disclosures were incorporated in the footnotes upon adoption. The majority of the Company's revenue is comprised of interest income from financial assets, which is explicitly excluded from the scope of ASC 606. The Company elected to apply the practical expedient pursuant to ACS 606 and therefore does not disclose information about remaining performance obligations that have an original expected term of one year or less and allows the Company to expense costs related to obtaining a contract as incurred when the amortization period would have been one year or less. See Note 12 for additional information.

~~In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No.~~ 2016-01, Financial Instruments - Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. ASU ~~No.~~ 2016-01 generally requires equity investments - except those accounted for under the valuation method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee - to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. However, an entity may choose to measure equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer. ASU ~~No.~~ 2016-01 is intended to simplify the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. ASU ~~No.~~ 2016-01 also eliminates certain disclosures related to the fair value of financial instruments and requires entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes. ASU No 2016-01 was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted ASU ~~No.~~ 2016-01 oneffective October 1, 2018. As required by ASU ~~No.~~ 2016-01, on October 1, 2018 the Company recorded a one-time cumulative effect adjustment of $63,000 representing net unrealized losses on equity securities (mutual funds) between accumulated other comprehensive loss and retained earnings on the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. Additionally, the fair values of financial instruments for disclosure purposes were computed using an exit price notion and deposits with no stated maturity are no longer included in the fair value disclosures in Note 9.10.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU ~~No.~~ 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)~~. This ASU~~, which created FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 842 ("ASC 842") and is intended to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by requiring the recognition of lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosure of key information about leasing arrangements. The principal change required by ~~this ASU~~ASC 842 relates to lessee accounting, and is that for operating leases, a lessee is required to (1) recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, in the statement of financial position, (2) recognize a single lease cost, calculated so that the cost of the lease is allocated over the lease term generally on a ~~generally~~ straight-line basis, and (3) classify all cash payments within operating activities in the statement of cash flows. For leases with a term of 12 months or less, a lessee is permitted to make an accounting policy election by class of underlying asset not to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities. If a lessee makes this election, it should recognize lease expense for such leases generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term. ~~This ASU~~ASC 842 also changes disclosure requirements related to leasing activities and requires certain qualitative disclosures along with specific quantitative disclosures. ~~In July 2018,~~ASC 842 also provides an optional transition method for adoption, under which an entity initially applies ASC 842 at the ~~FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11,~~ ~~Leases (Topic 842), Targeted Improvements. This ASU amended~~adoption date and recognizes a cumulative-effect adjustment to the ~~new lease standard to give entities another option~~opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. Consequently, an entity's reporting for ~~transition and to provide lessors with a practical expedient. The transition option allows entities to not apply~~ the ~~new leases standard in~~ comparative periods ~~they present~~presented in ~~their~~the financial statements in ~~the year of adoption. The practical expedient provides lessors with an option~~which it adopts ASC 842 will continue to ~~not separate non-lease components from the associated lease components when certain criteria are met and requires them to account for the combined component~~be in accordance with ~~the~~current GAAP. ASC ~~606 if the associated non-lease components are the predominant components. The amendments have the same effective date as ASU No. 2016-02. In March 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-01,~~ ~~Leases (Topic 842), Codification Improvements~~. The amendments in this ASU include the following items: (i) determining the fair value of the underlying assets by lessors that are not manufacturers or dealers; (ii) requiring cash received from lessors from sales-type and direct financing leases to be presented in the cash flow statement within investing activities, and (iii) clarifying interim disclosure requirements. The effective date and transition requirements for the first and second items in this ASU are842 was effective for annual periods, and interim

periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, ~~2019 and early adoption is permitted.~~2018. The effective date and transition requirements for the third item of this ASU are the same as ASU No. 2016-02. The amendments in ASU No. 2016-02 are effective for fiscal years, including interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early application of the amendments in this ASU is permitted. The effect of adoption of this ASU will depend on the nature and terms of the Company's leases at the time of adoption. OnceCompany adopted the provisions of ASC 842 effective October 1, 2019 utilizing the optional transition method and will not restate comparative periods. The Company ~~expects~~also elected the package of practical expedients permitted under ASC 842's transition guidance, which allows the Company to ~~report higher assets~~carryforward its historical lease classifications and ~~liabilities~~its assessment as to whether a ~~result of including right-of-use~~contract is or contains a lease. The Company also elected to not recognize lease assets and lease liabilities ~~related to certain banking offices~~for leases with an initial term of 12 months or less. As a result of adopting ASC 842, total other assets and ~~certain equipment under non-cancelable operating lease agreements; however, based~~other liabilities increased by $2.89 million on ~~current leases the adoption of ASU No. 2016-02 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements.~~October 1, 2019.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU ~~No.~~ 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses., as amended by ASU 2018-19, ASU 2019-04 and ASU 2019-05. This ASU replaces the existing incurred losses methodology with a current expected losses methodology with respect to most financial assets measured at amortized cost and certain other instruments, including trade and other receivables, loans, held to maturity investment securities and off-balance sheet commitments. In addition, this ASU requires credit losses relating to available for sale debt securities to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses rather than as a reduction of the carrying amount. ASU ~~No.~~ 2016-13 also changes the accounting for purchased credit-impaired debt securities and loans. ASU ~~No.~~ 2016-13 retains many of the current disclosure requirements in GAAP and expands certain disclosure requirements. As a smaller reporting company, ASU ~~No.~~ 2016-13 is effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, ~~2019,~~2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Upon adoption, the Company expects a change in the processes and procedures to calculate the allowance for loan losses, including changes in the assumptions and estimates to consider expected credit losses over the life of the loan versus the current accounting practice that utilizes the incurred loss model. In addition, the current policy for other-than-temporary impairment on investment securities available for sale will be replaced with an allowance approach. The Company is reviewing the requirements of ASU ~~No.~~ 2016-13 and has begun developing and implementing processes and procedures to ensure it is fully compliant with the amendments at the adoption date. At this time, the Company anticipates the allowance for loan losses will increase as a result of the implementation of this ASU; however, until its evaluation is complete, the magnitude of the increase will be unknown.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU ~~No.~~ 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other: Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. This ASU simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill and eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. In computing the implied fair value of goodwill under Step 2, an entity had to perform procedures to determine the fair value of its assets and liabilities (including unrecognized assets and liabilities) at the impairment testing date following the procedure that would be required in determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Under ASU ~~No.~~ 2017-04, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Additionally, an entity should consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable.

ASU ~~No.~~ 2017-04 will be effective for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early application of this ASU is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The adoption of ASU ~~No.~~ 2017-04 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU ~~No.~~ 2017-08, Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20): Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities. This ASU shortens the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium to the earliest call date. ~~This~~ ASU is2017-08 was effective for fiscal years, including interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. The ~~adoption of ASU No. 2017-08 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements.~~

~~In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09,~~ ~~Compensation--Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting.~~ This ASU was issued to provide clarity as to when to apply modification accounting when there is a change in the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. According to the ASU, an entity should account for the effects of a modification unless the fair value, vesting conditions, and balance sheet classification of the award are the same after the modification as compared to the original award prior to modification. ASU No. 2017-09 was effective for fiscal years, including interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted ~~this~~ ASU on2017-08 effective October 1, ~~2018. The adoption of ASU No. 2017-09~~2019 and it did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU ~~No.~~ 2018-07, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment ~~Accounting~~Accounting.. This ASU was issued to expand the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. Previously, these awards were recorded at the fair value of consideration received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued and ~~was~~were measured at the earlier of the commitment date or the date performance was completed. The amendments in this ASU require nonemployee share-based payment awards to be measured at the grant-date fair value of the equity instrument. ASU ~~No.~~ 2018-07 iswas effective for fiscal years, including interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. ~~Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than an entity's adoption of Topic 606.~~ The ~~adoption of~~Company adopted ASU ~~No.~~ 2018-07 iseffective October 1, 2019 and it did not ~~expected to~~ have a material impact on the Company's ~~future~~ consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU ~~No.~~ 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement. This ASU modifies the disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The following disclosure requirements were removed from ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement: (1) the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy; (2) the policy for timing of

transfers between levels; and (3) the valuation process for Level 3 fair value measurements. This ASU clarifies that the measurement uncertainty disclosure is to communicate information about the uncertainty in measurement as of the reporting date. This ASU adds the following disclosure requirements for Level 3 measurements: (1) changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for the recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period, and (2) the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. ASU ~~No.~~ 2018-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for any removed or modified disclosures. The adoption of ASU ~~No.~~ 2018-13 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU ~~No.~~ 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40), Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract. The amendments in this ASU broaden the scope of ASC Subtopic 350-40 to include costs incurred to implement a hosting arrangement that is a service contract. The amendments align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). The costs are capitalized or expensed depending on the nature of the costs and the project stage during which they are incurred, consistent with the accounting for internal-use software costs. The amendments in this ASU result in consistent capitalization of implementation costs of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract and implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include an internal-use software license). The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is not affected by the amendments in this ASU. ASU ~~No.~~ 2018-15 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The adoption of ASU ~~No.~~ 2018-15 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements.

~~(11) U.S. TAX REFORM~~

OnIn December ~~22, 2017,~~2019, the ~~U.S. government enacted~~FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Simplifying the ~~Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Tax Act").~~Accounting for Income Taxes. The ~~Tax Act significantly revised~~amendments in this ASU simplify the future ongoing U.S. corporate income tax by, among other things, decreasing the federal corporate income tax rate to 21.0% from 35.0% effective January 1, 2018. As the Company has a September 30 fiscal year-end, the lower corporate federal income tax rate was phased in, resulting in a blended federal income tax rate of approximately 24.5% for the Company's fiscal year ended September 30, 2018, and 21.0% for subsequent fiscal years. In addition, the reduction of the corporate federal income tax rate required the Company to revalue its deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the lower federal tax rate of 21.0%.

As a result of the Tax Act, during the quarter ended December 31, 2017, the Company recorded a one-time income tax expense of $548,000 in conjunction with remeasuring its net deferred tax assets. The impact of using the 24.5% blended federal income tax rate for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 versus a 35.0% rate reduced the provisionaccounting for income taxes by ~~approximately $551,000.~~removing certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740. The amendments also improve consistent application of and simplify GAAP for other areas of Topic 740 by clarifying and amending existing guidance. ASU 2019-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within fiscal years. The adoption of ASU 2019-12 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This ASU applies to contracts, hedging relationships and other transactions that reference the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") or other rate references expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. The ASU permits an entity to make necessary modifications to eligible contracts or transactions without requiring contract remeasurement or reassessment of a previous accounting determination. This ASU is effective for all entities as of March 12, 2020 through December 31, 2022. The adoption of ASU 2020-04 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's future consolidated financial statements.

(12) REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

ASC 606 applies to all contracts with customers to provide goods or services in the ordinary course of business, except for contracts that are specifically excluded from its scope. The majority of the Company's revenues are composed of interest income, deferred loan fee accretion, premium/discount accretion, gains on sales of loans and investments, BOLI net earnings, servicing income on loans sold and other loan fee income, which are not in the scope of ASC 606. Revenue reported as service charges on deposits, ATM and debit card interchange transaction fees, merchant services fees, non-deposit investment fees and escrow fees are within the scope of ASC 606. All of the Company's revenue from contracts with customers in the scope of ASC 606 is recognized in non-interest income with the exception of gains on sale of OREO and gains on sales/disposition of premises and equipment, which are included in non-interest expense.

If a contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC 606, the Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies its performance obligation. Descriptions of the Company's revenue-generating activities that are within the scope of ASC 606 are as follows:

Service Charges on Deposits: The Company earns fees from its deposit customers from a variety of deposit products and services. Non-transaction based fees such as account maintenance fees and monthly statement fees are considered to be provided to the customer under a day-to-day contract with ongoing renewals. Revenue for these non-transaction fees are earned over the course of a month, representing the period over which the Company satisfies the performance

obligation. Transaction-based fees such as non-sufficient fund charges, stop payment charges and wire fees are recognized at the time the transaction is executed as the contract duration does not extend beyond the service performed.

ATM and Debit Card Interchange Transaction Fees: The Company earns fees from cardholder transactions conducted through third party payment network providers which consist of interchange fees earned from the payment networks as a debit card issuer. These fees are recognized when the transaction occurs, but may settle on a daily or monthly basis.

Escrow Fees: The Company earns fees from real estate escrow contracts with customers. The Company receives and disburses money and/or property per the customer's contract. Fees are recognized when the escrow contract closes.

Fee Income from Non-deposit Investment Sales: The Company earns fees from contracts with customers for investment activities. Revenues are generally recognized on a monthly basis and are generally based on a percentage of the customer's assets under management or based on investment solutions that are implemented for the customer.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

As used in this Form 10-Q, the terms “we,” “our” and “Company” refer to Timberland Bancorp, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise. When we refer to “Bank” in this Form 10-Q, we are referring to Timberland Bank, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Timberland Bancorp, Inc. and the Bank’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Timberland Service Corporation.

The following analysis discusses the material changes in the consolidated financial condition and results of operations of the Company at and for the three and six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020. This analysis as well as other sections of this report contains certain “forward-looking statements.”

Certain matters discussed in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements relate to our financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance or business. Forward-looking statements are not statements of historical fact, are based on certain assumptions and often include the words “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “intends,” “plans,” “targets,” “potentially,” “probably,” “projects,” “outlook” or similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “would” and “could.” Forward-looking statements include statements with respect to our beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, assumptions and statements about future economic performance. These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the results anticipated or implied by our forward-looking statements, including, but not limited to: ~~our ability to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities,~~the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, including on the Company's credit quality and business operations, as well as its impact on general economic and financial market conditions and other uncertainties resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, such as the extent and duration of the impact on public health, the U.S. and global economies, and consumer and corporate customers, ~~systems,~~including economic activity, employment levels and management personnel from our recent merger with South Sound Bank into our operations and our ability to realize related revenue synergies and cost savings with expected time frames and any goodwill charges related and costs or difficulties relating to integration matters, including but not limited to customer and employee retention, which may be greater than expected;market liquidity; the credit risks of lending activities, including changes in the level and trend of loan delinquencies and write-offs and changes in our allowance for loan losses and provision for loan losses that may be impacted by deterioration in the housing and commercial real estate markets which may lead to increased losses and non-performing loans in our loan portfolio, and may result in our allowance for loan losses not being adequate to cover actual losses, and require us to materially increase our loan loss reserves; changes in general economic conditions, either nationally or in our market areas; changes in the levels of general interest rates, and the relative differences between short and long term interest rates, deposit interest rates, our net interest margin and funding sources; uncertainty regarding the future of LIBOR, and the potential transition away from LIBOR toward new interest rate benchmarks; fluctuations in the demand for loans, the number of unsold homes, land and other properties and fluctuations in real estate values in our market areas; secondary market conditions for loans and our ability to sell loans in the secondary market; results of examinations of us by the Federal Reserve and of our bank subsidiary by the FDIC, the Washington State Department of Financial Institutions, Division of Banks or other regulatory authorities, including the possibility that any such regulatory authority may, among other things, institute a formal or informal enforcement action against us or our bank subsidiary which could require us to increase our allowance for loan losses, write-down assets, change our regulatory capital position or affect our ability to borrow funds or maintain or increase deposits or impose additional requirements or restrictions on us, any of which could adversely affect our liquidity and earnings; legislative or regulatory changes that adversely affect our business including changes in regulatory policies and principles, or the interpretation of regulatory capital or other rules including as a result of Basel III; the impact of the Dodd Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and implementing regulations; our ability to attract and retain deposits; increases in premiums for deposit insurance; our ability to control operating costs and expenses; the use of estimates in determining fair value of certain of our assets, which estimates may prove to be incorrect and result in significant declines in valuation; difficulties in reducing risks associated with the loans on our

consolidated balance sheet; staffing fluctuations in response to product demand or the implementation of corporate strategies that affect our work force and potential associated charges; disruptions, security breaches, or other adverse events, failures or interruptions in, or attacks on, our information technology systems or on the third-party vendors who perform several of our critical processing functions; our ability to retain key members of our senior management team; costs and effects of litigation, including settlements and judgments; our ability to implement our business strategies; our ability to manage loan delinquency rates; increased competitive pressures among financial services companies; changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits; the availability of resources to address changes in laws, rules, or regulations or to respond to regulatory actions; our ability to pay dividends on our common stock; adverse changes in the securities markets; inability of key third-party providers to perform their obligations to us; changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the financial institution regulatory agencies or the FASB, including additional guidance and interpretation on accounting issues and details of the implementation of new accounting methods; the economic impact of war or any terrorist activities; other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, and technological factors affecting our ~~operations;~~operations, pricing, products and ~~services;~~services including the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act of 2020 ("CARES Act"); and other risks described elsewhere in this Form 10-Q and in the Company's other reports filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission, including our ~~2018~~2019 Form 10-K.

Any of the forward-looking statements that we make in this Form 10-Q and in the other public statements we make are based upon management’s beliefs and assumptions at the time they are made. We do not undertake and specifically disclaim any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements included in this report to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements or to update the reasons why actual results could differ from those contained in such statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking statements discussed in this document might not occur and we caution readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. These risks could cause our actual results for fiscal ~~2019~~2020 and beyond to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements by, or on behalf of us, and could negatively affect the Company’s consolidated financial condition and results of operations as well as its stock price performance.

Overview

Timberland Bancorp Inc., a Washington corporation, is the holding company for Timberland Bank. The Bank opened for business in 1915 and serves consumers and businesses across Grays Harbor, Thurston, Pierce, King, Kitsap and Lewis counties, Washington with a full range of lending and deposit services through its 24 offices (including its main office in Hoquiam). At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the Company had total assets of ~~$1.24~~$1.32 billion, net loans receivable of ~~$873.28~~$907.66 million, total deposits of ~~$1.07~~$1.13 billion and total shareholders’ equity of ~~$162.34~~$178.01 million. The Company's business activities generally are limited to passive investment activities and oversight of its investment in the Bank. Accordingly, the information set for this report, including consolidated financial statements and related data, relates primarily to the Bank's operations.

On October 1, 2018, the Company completed the South Sound ~~Merger.~~Acquisition. The operating results for the three and six months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 include the operating results produced by the net assets acquired in the South Sound ~~Merger.~~Acquisition. For additional information on the South Sound ~~Merger,~~Acquisition, see Note 2 of the Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contained in "Item 1, Financial Statements."

The Bank is a community-oriented bank which has traditionally offered a variety of savings products to its retail and business customers while concentrating its lending activities on real estate ~~mortgage~~secured loans. Lending activities have been focused primarily on the origination of loans secured by real estate, including residential construction loans, one- to four-family residential loans, multi-family loans and commercial real estate loans. The Bank also originates commercial business loans and other consumer loans.

The profitability of the Company’s operations depends primarily on its net interest income after provision for (recapture of) loan losses. Net interest income is the difference between interest income, which is the income that the Company earns on interest-earning assets, which are primarily loans and investments, and interest expense, the amount the Company pays on its interest-bearing liabilities, which are primarily deposits and borrowings (as needed). Net interest income is affected by changes in the volume and mix of interest-earning assets, interest earned on those assets, the volume and mix of interest-bearing liabilities and interest paid on those interest-bearing liabilities. Management attempts to ~~match~~maintain a net interest margin placing it within the ~~re-pricing characteristics~~top quartile of its Washington State peers. Because the length of the ~~interest-earning assets~~COVID-19 pandemic and ~~interest-bearing liabilities~~the efficacy of the extraordinary measures being put in place to ~~protect~~address its economic consequences are unknown, including the recent 150 basis

point reductions in the targeted federal funds rate, until the pandemic subsides, the Company expects its net interest income ~~from changes in market~~and net interest ~~rates and changes~~margin will be adversely affected in the ~~shape of the yield curve.~~current fiscal year and possibly longer.

The provision for (recapture of) loan losses is dependent on changes in the loan portfolio and management’s assessment of the collectability of the loan portfolio as well as prevailing economic and market conditions. The allowance for loan losses reflects the amount that the Company believes is adequate to cover probable credit losses inherent in its loan portfolio. The Company recorded a provision of $2.00 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2020, compared to none in the comparable quarter a year ago due primarily to forecasted probable credit losses reflecting the potential future impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy. On March 24, 2020, Washington State Governor Jay Inslee signed a statewide order requiring residents to stay-at-home unless involved in an essential activity. All business, except those that are considered essential, were also ordered to close. As a result of the mandated shutdown and as an essential business, the Company has taken various steps to ensure the safety of customers and personnel including branch lobby closures. To ensure the safety of the Company's customers and employees, services are offered through drive up facilities and/or by appointment. Many of the Company's employees are working remotely or have flexible work schedules, and protective measures within the Company's offices have been established to help ensure the safety of those employees who must work on-site.

The Company began working with loan customers on loan deferral and forbearance plans. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had granted payment deferral plans on 125 loans totaling $79.41 million. These modifications were not classified as TDRs at March 31, 2020 in accordance with the guidance of the CARES Act. The Company is continuing to work on forbearance plans with customers impacted by the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Net income is also affected by non-interest income and non-interest expenses. For the three and six month ~~periods~~period ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020, non-interest income consisted primarily of service charges on deposit accounts, gain on sales of loans, ATM and debit card interchange transaction fees, ~~a BOLI death benefit claim,~~ an increase in the cash surrender value of BOLI, servicing income on loans sold and other operating income. Non-interest income is also increased by net recoveries on investment securities and reduced by net OTTI losses on investment securities, if any. Non-interest expenses consisted primarily of salaries and employee benefits, premises and equipment, advertising, ATM and debit card interchange transaction fees, OREO and other repossessed asset expenses, postage and courier expenses, state and local taxes, professional fees, FDIC insurance premiums, loan administration and foreclosure expenses, data processing and telecommunication expenses, deposit operation expenses, amortization of CDI, and other non-interest expenses. Non-interest expenses in certain periods are reduced by gains on the sale of premises and equipment and gains on the sale of OREO. Non-interest income and non-interest expenses are affected by the growth of the Company's operations and growth in the number of loan and deposit accounts.

Results of operations may be affected significantly by general and local economic and competitive conditions, changes in market interest rates, governmental policies and actions of regulatory authorities.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The Company has identified several accounting policies that as a result of judgments, estimates and assumptions inherent in those policies, are critical to an understanding of the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. Critical accounting policies and estimates are discussed in the Company’s ~~2018~~2019 Form 10-K under Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation – Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates.” That discussion highlights

estimates the Company makes that involve uncertainty or potential for substantial change. There have been no material changes in the Company’s critical accounting policies and estimates as previously disclosed in the Company’s ~~2018~~2019 Form 10-K.

Comparison of Financial Condition at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018~~2019

The Company’s total assets increased by ~~$222.28~~$75.97 million, or ~~21.8%~~6.1%, to ~~$1.24~~$1.323 billion at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$1.02~~$1.247 billion at September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. The increase in total assets was primarily due to ~~the South Sound Merger, which resulted~~increases in ~~a $183.10 million increase in total assets (including goodwill~~cash and ~~net of~~ cash ~~consideration paid) at the merger date (October 1, 2018). The increase in assets was primarily comprised of a $147.89 million increase in~~equivalents, net loans receivable, ~~a $32.91 million increase in~~ investment securities, and CDs held for ~~investment, a $25.72 million~~investment. The increase in ~~cash~~total assets was funded primarily by increases in total deposits and ~~cash equivalents, and an $11.75 million increase in goodwill and CDI.~~FHLB borrowings.

Net loans receivable increased by ~~$147.89~~$21.00 million, or ~~20.4%~~2.4%, to ~~$873.28~~$907.66 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$725.39~~$886.66 million at September 30, ~~2018. The increase was~~2019, primarily due to increases in commercial real estate loans ~~acquired~~and commercial business loans. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in ~~the South Sound Merger ($121.54 million at the merger date) and, to a lesser extent, organic loan growth.~~construction loans.

Total deposits increased by ~~$182.09~~$57.42 million, or ~~20.5%~~5.4%, to ~~$1.07~~$1.126 billion at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$889.51 million~~$1.068 billion at September 30, ~~2018. The increase in total deposits was~~2019, primarily due to ~~deposits acquired~~increases in ~~the South Sound Merger ($151.54 million at the merger date)~~non-interest bearing demand account balances, savings account balances, and ~~to a lesser extent, organic deposit growth.~~NOW checking account balances.

Shareholders’ equity increased by ~~$37.68~~$6.94 million, or ~~30.2%~~4.1%, to ~~$162.34~~$178.01 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$124.66~~$171.07 million at September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. The increase in shareholders' equity was primarily due to ~~$28.27 million in common stock issued in the South Sound Merger and~~ net income, which was partially offset by the payment of dividends to common ~~shareholders.~~shareholders and the repurchase of common stock.

A more detailed explanation of the changes in significant balance sheet categories follows:

Cash and Cash Equivalents and CDs Held for Investment: Cash and cash equivalents and CDs held for investment increased by ~~$28.17~~$29.26 million, or ~~13.3%~~13.2%, to ~~$240.32~~$250.62 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$212.15~~$221.36 million at September 30, 2018. The increase was primarily due to cash and cash equivalents and CDs held for investment that were acquired in the South Sound Merger ($24.16 million at the merger date) net of cash consideration paid.2019.

Investment Securities: Investment securities (including investments in equity securities) increased by ~~$30.48~~$24.51 million, or ~~218.2%~~44.9%, to ~~$44.44~~$79.11 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$13.96~~$54.59 million at September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. This increase was primarily due to ~~investment securities that were acquired in the South Sound Merger ($24.72 million at the merger date) and~~ the purchase of ~~$9.13 million in held-to-maturity~~additional agency mortgage-backed investment securities during the six months ended March 31, ~~2019, which was partially offset by scheduled amortization, prepayments and~~2020, as the ~~sale~~Company put a portion of its excess overnight liquidity into higher-earning investment securities during the ~~municipal bond securities that were acquired in the South Sound Merger.~~period. For additional information on investment securities, see Note 3 of the Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contained in “Item 1, Financial Statements.”

FHLB Stock: FHLB stock increased by ~~$247,000,~~$485,000, or ~~20.8%~~33.8%, to ~~$1.43~~$1.92 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$1.19~~$1.44 million at September 30, ~~2018~~2019, due to ~~the FHLB stock acquired in the South Sound Merger and~~purchases required ~~purchases~~ by the FHLB ~~due to~~as a result of the increase in total ~~assets.~~assets and FHLB borrowings.

Other Investments: Other investments consist solely of the Company's investment in the Solomon Hess SBA Loan Fund LLC, which was unchanged at $3.00 million at both March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. This investment is utilized to help satisfy compliance with the Bank's Community Reinvestment Act investment test requirements.

Loans: Net loans receivable increased by ~~$147.89~~$21.00 million, or ~~20.4%~~2.4%, to ~~$873.28~~$907.66 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$725.39~~$886.66 million at September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. The increase was primarily due to ~~loans acquired in the South Sound Merger ($121.54 million at the merger date) and, to~~ a ~~lesser extent, organic loan growth. The increase consisted of a $72.11~~$25.16 million increase in commercial real estate loans, ~~a $32.78 million increase in construction loans, a $25.02~~an $8.86 million increase in commercial business loans, a ~~$14.47~~$5.26 million increase in multi-family mortgage loans, and a $6.75 million decrease in the undisbursed portion construction loans in process. These increases to net loans receivable were partially offset by a $12.43 million decrease in construction loans, a $7.38 million decrease in one- to four-family mortgage loans, a ~~$12.89 million increase in multi-family loans and a $5.36 million increase in consumer loans. These increases were partially offset by an $11.23~~$2.20 million increase in the ~~undisbursed portion of construction loans~~allowance for loan losses, and smaller decreases in ~~process and a $3.08 million decrease in land loans.~~several other loan categories.

Loan originations increased by ~~$9.35~~$62.17 million, or ~~5.8%~~36.4%, to $233.03 million for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from $170.86 million for the six months ended March 31, ~~2019 from $161.51 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018.~~2019. The increase in loan originations was primarily due to increased loan demand for one- to four-family mortgage loan refinances and the funding of several larger ~~multi-family construction projects.~~commercial business and commercial real estate loans. The Company continued to sell longer-term

fixed rate one- to four-family mortgage loans for asset liability management purposes and to generate non-interest income. The Company also (on a much smaller volume) sells the guaranteed portion of U.S. Small Business Administration ("SBA") loans. Sales of fixed rate one- to four-family mortgage loans and SBA loans ~~decreased~~increased by ~~$2.95~~$33.79 million, or ~~9.4%~~119.5%, to $62.06 million for the six months ended March 31, 2020 compared to $28.27 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019, ~~compared~~primarily due to ~~$31.22 million~~increased refinance activity for ~~the six months ended March 31, 2018.~~one- to four-family loans.

For additional information, see Note 5 of the Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contained in “Item 1, Financial Statements.”

The CARES Act authorized the SBA to temporarily guarantee loans under a new loan program called the Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP"). The goal of the PPP is to avoid as many layoffs as possible, and to encourage small businesses to maintain payrolls. As a qualified SBA lender, the Company was automatically authorized to originate PPP loans upon commencement of the program in April 2020. PPP loans have: (a) an interest rate of 1.0%, (b) a two-year loan term to maturity; and (c) principal and interest payments deferred for six months from the date of disbursement. The SBA guarantees 100% of the PPP loans made to eligible borrowers. The entire principal amount of the borrower’s PPP loan, including any accrued interest, is eligible to be forgiven and repaid by the SBA so long as employee and compensation levels of the business are maintained and 75% of the loan proceeds are used for payroll expenses, with the remaining 25% of the loan proceeds used for other qualifying expenses. As of April 30, 2020, the Company has funded $102.72 million in PPP loans to new and existing customers who are small to midsize businesses as well as non-profit organizations, independent contractors, and partnerships as allowed under PPP guidance issued in April 2020. In addition to the 1% interest earned on these loans, the SBA pays banks fees for processing

PPP loans in the following amounts: (i) five (5) percent for loans of not more than $350,000; (ii) three (3) percent for loans of more than $350,000 and less than $2,000,000; and one (1) percent for loans of at least $2,000,000. Banks may not collect any fees from the loan applicants.

Premises and Equipment: Premises and equipment increased by ~~$3.90 million,~~$242,000, or ~~20.6%~~1.1%, to ~~$22.85~~$23.07 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$18.95~~$22.83 million at September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. These increases were primarily due to capitalized remodeling costs associated with the Company's new data center facility. The increase was ~~primarily due to premises~~partially offset by normal depreciation and ~~equipment~~the sale of land acquired in the South Sound ~~Merger ($3.34 million at the merger date) and a branch remodeling project, which was partially offset by normal depreciation.~~Acquisition that had been held for future expansion.

OREO (Other Real Estate Owned): OREO and other repossessed assets ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$93,000,~~$60,000, or ~~4.9%~~3.6%, to ~~$2.01~~$1.62 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$1.91~~$1.68 million at September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. The ~~increase~~decrease was primarily due to the ~~addition~~sale of ~~two OREO properties (including one OREO with~~ a ~~carrying value of $25,000 acquired in~~commercial real estate property and a land parcel during the ~~South Sound Merger).~~six months ended March 31, 2020. At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, total OREO and other repossessed assets consisted of ~~14 individual real estate properties. The properties consisted of 11~~10 land parcels totaling ~~$1.53 million and three commercial real estate properties with a recorded value of $473,000.~~$1.62 million.

BOLI (Bank Owned Life Insurance): BOLI increased by ~~$894,000,~~$294,000, or ~~4.5%~~1.4%. to ~~$20.71~~$21.30 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$19.81~~$21.01 million at September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. The increase was ~~primarily~~ due to net BOLI ~~acquired in~~earnings, representing the ~~South Sound Merger ($2.63 million at the merger date) and normal increases~~increase in the cash surrender value of the BOLI policies. ~~These increases were partially offset by a death benefit claim in March 2019, which reduced the BOLI cash surrender value by $2.05 million.~~

Goodwill and CDI: The recorded amount of goodwill ~~increased~~remained unchanged at $15.13 million at both March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019. CDI decreased by ~~$9.48 million,~~$203,000, or ~~167.78%~~10.0%, to ~~$15.13~~$1.83 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$5.65~~$2.03 million at September 30, ~~2018, due to the goodwill recorded in the South Sound Merger. CDI increased to $2.26 million at March 31,~~ 2019 due to ~~$2.48 million of CDI recorded in the South Sound Merger, net of $219,000 in amortization for the six month period.~~scheduled amortization. For additional information on goodwill and CDI, see Notes 2 and 4 of the Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contained in “Item 1, Financial Statements.”

~~Other Assets and BOLI Death Benefit Receivable:~~Operating Lease Right-of-Use Assets: ~~Other~~Operating lease right-of-use assets ~~and BOLI death benefit receivable~~ increased ~~by $3.36 million, or 125.8%,~~ to ~~$6.03~~$2.76 million at March 31, 2020 as the Company adopted ASC 842 on October 1, 2019 ~~from $2.67 million~~and began recording operating lease right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities on the balance sheet. The operating lease right-of-use assets at ~~September 30, 2018, primarily due to a $3.05 million receivable ($2.05 million return~~March 31, 2020 represented the present value of three operating leases on branch facilities. The Company adopted the ~~cash surrender value~~provisions of ASC 842 utilizing the optional transition method and ~~$1.00 million death benefit income) for a BOLI death benefit claim.~~therefore prior periods have not been restated.

Deposits: Deposits increased by ~~$182.09~~$57.42 million, or ~~20.5%~~5.4%, to ~~$1.07~~$1.126 billion at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$889.51 million~~$1.068 billion at September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. The increase in total deposits was primarily due to deposits acquired in the South Sound Merger. The balance of the deposits acquired in the South Sound Merger was $151.54 million at the merger date and $151.89 million at March 31, 2019. The increase in total deposits consisted of a ~~$77.25 million increase in N.O.W. checking account balances, a $54.08~~$19.86 million increase in non-interest bearing demand account balances, a ~~$20.04~~$17.82 million increase in ~~money market~~savings account balances, an $11.11 million increase in NOW checking account balances, a ~~$16.81~~$7.55 million increase in certificates of deposit account balances, and a ~~$13.91~~$1.09 million increase in ~~savings~~money market account balances.

Deposits consisted of the following at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):


	March 31, 2019				September 30, 2018				March 31, 2020				September 30, 2019
	Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent		Amount		Percent
Non-interest-bearing demand	$	287,338	26.8	%	$	233,258	26.2	%	$	316,328	28.1	%	$	296,472	27.8	%
N.O.W. checking	302,540		28.2	%	225,290		25.3	%
NOW checking									308,165		27.4		297,055		27.8
Savings	165,309		15.5	%	151,404		17.0	%	182,321		16.2		164,506		15.4
Money market	149,149		13.9	%	127,791		14.4	%	133,839		11.9		136,151		12.7
Money market - reciprocal	8,636		0.8	%	9,955		1.1	%	11,794		1.0		8,388		0.8
Certificates of deposit under $250	132,679		12.4	%	120,443		13.5	%	138,906		12.3		133,241		12.5
Certificates of deposit $250 and over	22,736		2.1	%	18,164		2.1	%	31,088		2.8		29,211		2.7
Certificates of deposit - brokered	3,207		0.3	%	3,201		0.4	%	3,207		0.3		3,203		0.3
Total	$	1,071,594	100.0	%	$	889,506	100.0	%	$	1,125,648	100.0	%	$	1,068,227	100.0	%

FHLB Borrowings: The Company has short- and long-term borrowing lines with the FHLB with total credit available on the lines equal to 45% of the Bank's total assets, limited by available collateral. FHLB borrowings increased to $10.00 million at March 31, 2020, as the Company borrowed funds consistent with its asset-liability objectives in March 2020 as long-term borrowing rates dropped to historic lows in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. At March 31, 2020, FHLB borrowings consisted of two $5.00 million borrowings, with scheduled maturities in March 2025 and March 2027, which bear interest at 1.19% and 1.11%, respectively. The Company did not have any FHLB borrowings at September 30, 2019.

Operating Lease Liabilities: Operating lease liabilities increased to $2.76 million at March 31, 2020 as the Company adopted ASC 842 on October 1, 2019 and began recording operating lease liabilities and operating lease right-of-use assets on the balance sheet. The operating lease liability at March 31, 2020 represented the present value of three operating leases on branch facilities. The Company adopted the provisions of ASC 842 utilizing the optional transition method and therefore prior periods have not been restated.

Shareholders’ Equity: Total shareholders’ equity increased by ~~$37.68~~$6.94 million, or ~~30.2%~~4.1%, to ~~$162.34~~$178.01 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$124.66~~$171.07 million at September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. The increase was primarily due to ~~$28.27 million in common stock issued in the South Sound Merger and~~ net income of ~~$11.73~~$11.70 million for the six months ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020 which was partially offset by dividend payments to common shareholders of ~~$3.16 million. The Company did not~~$3.76 million and the repurchase ~~any~~of 56,601 shares of ~~its~~the Company's common stock at an average price of $21.88 per share or $1.24 million in total during the six months ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020. The Company had 144,852 shares available to be repurchased under the Company's existing stock repurchase plan at March 31, 2020, but temporarily suspended further repurchase activity on March 16, 2020. For additional information, see Item 2 of Part II of this Form 10-Q.

Asset Quality: The non-performing assets to total assets ratio was ~~0.41%~~0.38% at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 compared to ~~0.36%~~0.40% at September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. Total non-performing assets increased by ~~$1.46 million,~~$67,000, or ~~40.1%~~1.3%, to ~~$5.09~~$5.08 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$3.64~~$5.01 million at September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. The increase in non-performing assets was ~~primarily~~ due to ~~a $1.43 million~~an increase of $183,000 in non-accrual loans, ~~and~~which were partially offset by a ~~$93,000 increase on~~$60,000 decrease in OREO and other repossessed ~~assets.~~assets and a $56,000 decrease in non-accrual investment securities.

The following table sets forth information with respect to the Company’s non-performing assets at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018~~2019 (dollars in thousands):


	March 31, 2019			September 30, 2018			March 31, 2020			September 30, 2019
Loans accounted for on a non-accrual basis:
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family (1)	$	568		$	545		$	941		$	699
Commercial	844			—			947			779
Land	461			243			193			204
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	342			359			581			626
Other	15			—			11			—
Commercial business loans	515			170			543			725
Total loans accounted for on a non-accrual basis	2,745			1,317			3,216			3,033

Accruing loans which are contractually past due 90 days or more	—			—			—			—

Total of non-accrual and 90 days past due loans	2,745			1,317			3,216			3,033

Non-accrual investment securities	343			406			238			294

OREO and other repossessed assets, net (2)	2,006			1,913			1,623			1,683
Total non-performing assets (3)	$	5,094		$	3,636		$	5,077		$	5,010

TDRs on accrual status (4)	$	2,928		$	2,955		$	2,877		$	2,903

Non-accrual and 90 days or more past due loans as a percentage of loans receivable	0.31		%	0.18		%	0.35		%	0.34		%

Non-accrual and 90 days or more past due loans as a percentage of total assets	0.22		%	0.13		%	0.24		%	0.24		%

Non-performing assets as a percentage of total assets	0.41		%	0.36		%	0.38		%	0.40		%

Loans receivable (5)	$	883,025		$	734,921		$	919,547		$	896,352

Total assets	$	1,240,569		$	1,018,290		$	1,323,101		$	1,247,132

(1) As of March 31, 2020 and September 30, 2019, the balance of non-accrual one- to-four family properties in the process of foreclosure was ~~$149. At September 30, 2018, the balance of non-accrual one- to-four family properties did not include any loans in the process of foreclosure.~~$12 and $150, respectively.

(2) As of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018,~~2019, the balance of OREO did not include any foreclosed residential real estate property.

(3) Does not include TDRs on accrual status.

(4) Does not include TDRs totaling ~~$299~~$343 and ~~$323~~$366 reported as non-accrual loans at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and September 30, ~~2018,~~2019, respectively.

(5) Does not include loans held for sale and loan balances are before the allowance for loan losses.

The Company has received, and continues to receive, inquiries and requests from borrowers for some type of payment relief due to the COVID 19-pandemic. In response, the Company has made available 90-day payment deferrals with interest continuing to accrue (or scheduled to be paid monthly) to borrowers affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. As of March 31, 2020, the Company had approved COVID-19 pandemic related loan modifications for 125 loans aggregating to $79.41 million, or 8.6% of loans receivable. The Company is continuing to make COVID-19 pandemic related modifications for borrowers and as of April 30, 2020, had approved 178 loan modifications aggregating to $125.24 million, or 13.6% of loans receivable balances as of March 31, 2020.

All loans modified due to COVID-19 will be separately monitored and any request for continuation of relief beyond the initial modification will be reassessed at that time to determine if a further modification should be granted and if a downgrade in risk rating is appropriate.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 and ~~2018~~2019

Net income ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$1.85~~$1.06 million, or ~~43.2%~~17.4%, to $5.05 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 from $6.11 million for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019 from $4.27 million~~2019. Net income per diluted common share decreased by $0.12, or 16.7%, to $0.60 for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2018. Net income per diluted common share increased by $0.15, or 26.3%, to~~2020 from $0.72 for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019 from $0.57~~2019. The decreases in net income and net income per diluted common share for the ~~quarter~~three months ended March 31, ~~2018.~~2020 were primarily due to a $2.00 million increase in the provision for loan losses, which was partially offset by a decrease in non-interest expense. Earnings for the current quarter reflect the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic which resulted in a substantial reduction in business activity in market areas the Company operates in.

Net income ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$3.85~~$28,000, or 0.2%, to $11.70 million ~~or 48.8%, to~~for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from $11.73 million for the six months ended March 31, ~~2019 from $7.88 million~~2019. Net income per diluted common share decreased $0.01, or 0.7%, to $1.38 for the six months ended March 31, ~~2018. Net income per diluted common share increased $0.34, or 32.4%, to~~2020 from $1.39 for the six months ended March 31, ~~2019 from $1.05~~2019. The decreases in net income and net income per diluted common share for the six months ended March 31, ~~2018.~~

~~The~~2020 were primarily due to a $2.20 million increase in ~~net income~~the provision for ~~the three~~loan losses, which was partially offset by a decrease in non-interest expense, and ~~six months ended March 31, 2019 was primarily due to~~ increases in net interest income and non-interest income and a reduction in the Company's effective income tax rate. These increases to net income were partially offset by an increase in non-interest expense. The increases in net interest income and non-interest expense were primarily the result of the South Sound Merger, which was completed on October 1, 2018. The increase in non-interest income was primarily due to an increase in BOLI net earnings as a result of a death benefit claim.income.

A more detailed explanation of the income statement categories is presented below.

Net Interest Income: Net interest income increased by ~~$3.10~~$152,000, or 1.2%, to $12.88 million ~~or 32.3%, to~~for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 from $12.73 million for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019 from $9.62 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2018.~~2019. The increase in net interest income was primarily due to ~~a 23.0%~~an increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets, ~~primarily as~~which was partially offset by a ~~result of~~decrease in the ~~South Sound Merger. Net interest income also increased due to increases in short-term market interest rates, which resulted in yields increasing~~average yield on interest-earning ~~assets at a greater rate than the costs of interest-bearing liabilities.~~assets.

Total interest and dividend income increased by ~~$3.55~~$290,000, or 2.1%, to $14.13 million ~~or 34.5%, to~~for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 from $13.84 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2019, ~~from $10.29 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2018,~~ primarily due to ~~increases~~an increase in ~~both~~ the average balance ~~and yield~~ of interest-earning assets. Average total interest-earning assets increased by ~~$211.50~~$78.50 million, or ~~23.0%~~7.0%, to $1.21 billion for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 from $1.13 billion for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019 from $917.87 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2018, primarily due to interest-earning assets acquired in the South Sound Merger.~~2019. Average loans receivable increased by ~~$159.19~~$45.32 million, or ~~22.2%~~5.2%, average investment securities increased by ~~$30.45~~$37.81 million, or ~~373.8%~~98.0%, and average interest-bearing deposits in banks and CDs ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$21.58~~$4.82 million, or ~~11.5%~~2.3%, between the periods. The average yield on interest-earning assets ~~increased~~decreased to 4.68% for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 from 4.90% for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019 from 4.48% for~~2019. During the ~~quarter~~quarters ended March 31, 2018. The increase in the average yield on interest-earning assets was primarily due to increases in short-term interest rates as the Federal Reserve steadily increased the targeted Fed Funds rate by 1.00% during 2018. During the quarter ended March 31,2020 and 2019, interest income on loans receivable increased by $107,000 and $301,000, respectively, due to the accretion of the fair value discount on loans acquired in the South Sound ~~Merger.~~Acquisition. During the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, there was ~~$16,000~~a total of $320,000 of pre-payment penalties, non-accrual interest and late fees collected, compared to ~~$2,000~~$16,000 collected for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2018.~~2019. Total interest expense increased by ~~$447,000,~~$138,000, or ~~67.1%~~12.4%, to $1.25 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 from $1.11 million for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019 from $666,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2018.~~2019. The

increase in interest expense was primarily due to increases in both the average cost and the average balance ~~and~~of interest-bearing deposits. The average cost of interest-bearing ~~deposits.~~deposits increased to 0.63% for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 from 0.59% for the quarter ended March 31, 2019. Average interest-bearing ~~deposits~~liabilities increased by ~~$122.72~~$32.83 million, or ~~19.1%~~4.3%, to $797.95 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 from $765.12 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2019, from $642.40 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2018, primarily due to the interest-bearing deposits acquired in the South Sound Merger. The average cost of interest-bearing liabilities increased to 0.59% for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 from 0.42% for the quarter ended March 31, 2018, as market interest rates for deposits increased.

~~Net interest income increased by $6.01 million, or 31.6%, to $25.07 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019 from $19.06 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018.~~

~~Total interest and dividend income increased by $6.83 million, or 33.6%, to $27.16 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019 from $20.32 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018,~~ primarily due to increases in ~~both~~the average balances of savings accounts, NOW checking accounts, certificates of deposit accounts, and borrowings, which were partially offset by a decrease in the average balance and yield on interest-earning assets. Average total interest-earning assets increased by $208.31 million, or 22.9%, to $1.12 billion for the six months ended March 31, 2019 from $909.63 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. Average loans receivable increased by $155.94 million, or 21.9%, average investment securities increased by $26.09 million, or 336.0%, and average interest-bearing deposits in banks and CDs increased by $26.07 million, or 14.2%, between the periods. The average yield on interest-earning assets increased to 4.86% for the six months ended March 31, 2019 from 4.47% for the six months ended March 31, 2018.

Total interest expense increased by $818,000, or 64.6%, to $2.08 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019 from $1.27 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018. The increase in interest expense was primarily due to increases in both the

~~average balance and cost~~ of interest-bearing deposits. Average interest bearing deposits increased $123.86 million, or 19.5%, to $759.47 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019 from $635.61 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018, primarily due the interest-bearing deposits acquired in the South Sound Merger. The average cost of interest-bearing liabilities increased to 0.55% for the six months ended March 31, 2019 from 0.40% for the six months ended March 31, 2018, asmoney market ~~interest rates for deposits increased.~~accounts.

As a result of these changes, the net interest margin ("NIM") ~~increased~~decreased to 4.27% for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 from 4.51% for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019 from 4.19%~~2019. The NIM for the current quarter was increased by approximately 15 basis points due to the accretion of $107,000 of the fair value discount on loans acquired in the South Sound Acquisition and the collection of $320,000 in pre-payment penalties, non-accrual interest, and late fees. The NIM for the comparable quarter one year ago was increased by approximately 11 basis points due to the accretion of $301,000 of the fair value discount on loans acquired in the South Sound Acquisition and the collection of $16,000 of non-accrual interest. The incremental accretion and the impact on loan yield will change during any period based on the volume of prepayments, but it is expected to decrease over time as the balance of the net discount declines. The remaining net discount on these purchased loans was $1.13 million at March 31, 2020.

Net interest income increased by $810,000, or 3.2%, to $25.88 million for the six months ended March 31, ~~2018. For~~2020 from $25.07 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019. The increase in net interest income was primarily due to an increase in the average balance of interest-earning assets, which was partially offset by a decrease in the average yield on interest-earning assets. Beginning in August 2019, the Federal Reserve reduced the targeted federal funds by 25 basis points three times in 2019 and 150 basis points during the current quarter to a range of 0.00% to 0.25% at March 31, 2020. The 150 basis-point decrease in the federal funds target rate in response to COVID-19 pandemic did not occur until late in the quarter in March 2020, and the full effect of the lower interest rate environment had not yet been realized at quarter end.

Total interest and dividend income increased by $1.17 million, or 4.3%, to $28.32 million for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from $27.16 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019, primarily due to an increase in the ~~NIM~~average balance of interest-earning assets. Average total interest-earning assets increased by $72.99 million, or 6.5%, to ~~4.49% from 4.19%~~$1.19 billion for the six months ended March 31, ~~2018.~~2020 from $1.12 billion for the six months ended March 31, 2019. Average loans receivable increased by $47.75 million, or 5.5%, average investment securities increased by $34.58 million, or 102.2%, and average interest bearing deposits in banks and CDs decreased by $9.53 million, or 4.5%, between the periods. The average yield on interest-earning assets decreased to 4.76% for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from 4.86% for the six months ended March 31, 2019. Total interest expense increased by $356,000, or 17.1% to $2.44 million for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from $2.08 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019. The increase in interest expense was primarily due to increases in the average cost and the average balance of interest-bearing deposits. The average cost of interest-bearing deposits increased to 0.62% for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from 0.55% for the six months ended March 31, 2019. Average interest-bearing liabilities increased by $25.21 million, or 3.3%, to $784.68 million for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from $759.47 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019, primarily due to increases in the average balances of savings accounts, NOW checking accounts, certificates of deposit accounts, and borrowings, which were partially offset by a decrease in the average balance of money market accounts. The NIM for the six months ended March 31, 2020 decreased to 4.35% from 4.49% for the six months ended March 31, 2019.

Average Balances, Interest and Average Yields/Cost

The following tables set forth, for the periods indicated, information regarding average balances of assets and liabilities as well as the total dollar amounts of interest income from average interest-earning assets and interest expense on average interest-bearing liabilities and average yields and costs. Such yields and costs for the periods indicated are derived by dividing income or expense by the average daily balance of assets or liabilities, respectively, for the periods presented. (Dollars in thousands)

Three Months Ended March 31,
2019 2018
Average
Balance Interest and
Dividends Yield/
Cost Average
Balance Interest and
Dividends Yield/
Cost
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivable (1)(2) $ 876,688
$ 12,216
5.57 % $ 717,502
$ 9,484
5.29 %
Investment securities (2) 38,599
297
3.08
8,146
39
1.92
Dividends from mutual funds, FHLB stock and other investments 5,324
39
2.97
5,044
26
2.06
Interest-bearing deposits in banks and CDs 208,760
1,289
2.50
187,181
741
1.61
Total interest-earning assets 1,129,371
13,841
4.90
917,873
10,290
4.48
Non-interest-earning assets 87,299

58,590

     Total assets
$ 1,216,670

$ 976,463

Interest-bearing liabilities:

Savings $ 162,702
24
0.06
$ 143,449
21
0.06
Money market 158,762
309
0.79
141,594
185
0.53
N.O.W. checking 288,429
204
0.29
217,734
111
0.21
Certificates of deposit 155,227
576
1.50
139,620
349
1.01
Total interest-bearing liabilities 765,120
1,113
0.59
642,397
666
0.42
Non-interest-bearing deposits 281,240
214,722

Other liabilities 11,994

3,868

Total liabilities 1,058,354

860,987

Shareholders' equity 158,316

115,476

Total liabilities and

shareholders' equity $ 1,216,670
$ 976,463

Net interest income $ 12,728

$ 9,624

Interest rate spread 4.31 %

4.06 %
Net interest margin (3) 4.51 %

4.19 %
Ratio of average interest-earning
   assets to average interest-bearing
   liabilities 147.61 %

142.88 %


	Six Months Ended March 31,												Three Months Ended March 31,
	2019						2018						2020						2019
	Average Balance		Interest and Dividends		Yield/ Cost		Average Balance		Interest and Dividends		Yield/ Cost		Average Balance		Interest and Dividends		Yield/ Cost		Average Balance		Interest and Dividends		Yield/ Cost
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivable (1)(2)	$	869,184	$	23,997	5.52	%	$	713,245	$	18,812	5.28	%	$	922,011	$	12,823	5.56	%	$	876,688	$	12,216	5.57	%
Investment securities (2)	33,856		575		3.40		7,766		96		2.47		76,412		489		2.56		38,599		297		3.08
Dividends from mutual funds, FHLB stock and other investments	5,264		78		2.96		5,050		52		2.06		5,513		35		2.54		5,324		39		2.97
Interest-bearing deposits in banks and CDs	209,641		2,506		2.39		183,572		1,364		1.49		203,936		784		1.54		208,760		1,289		2.50
Total interest-earning assets	1,117,945		27,156		4.86		909,633		20,324		4.47		1,207,872		14,131		4.68		1,129,371		13,841		4.90
Non-interest-earning assets	88,868						59,366						85,226						87,299
Total assets	$	1,206,813					$	968,999					$	1,293,098					$	1,216,670
					��
Interest-bearing liabilities:
Savings	$	161,643	52		0.06		$	142,346	42		0.06		$	178,688	52		0.12		$	162,702	24		0.06
Money market	157,688		543		0.69		139,002		317		0.46		143,817		207		0.58		158,762		309		0.79
N.O.W. checking	284,724		391		0.28		215,113		224		0.21
NOW checking													303,403		234		0.31		288,429		204		0.29
Certificates of deposit	155,413		1,098		1.42		139,148		683		0.98		169,293		750		1.78		155,227		576		1.50
Long-term borrowings													2,747		8		1.17		—		—		—
Total interest-bearing liabilities	759,468		2,084		0.55		635,609		1,266		0.40		797,948		1,251		0.63		765,120		1,113		0.59
Non-interest-bearing deposits	282,019						215,826						306,907						281,240
Other liabilities	8,806						3,800						10,982						11,994
Total liabilities	1,050,293						855,235						1,115,837						1,058,354
Shareholders' equity	156,520						113,764						177,261						158,316
Total liabilities and
shareholders' equity	$	1,206,813					$	968,999					$	1,293,098					$	1,216,670

Net interest income			$	25,072					$	19,058					$	12,880					$	12,728
Interest rate spread					4.31	%					4.07	%					4.05	%					4.31	%
Net interest margin (3)					4.49	%					4.19	%					4.27	%					4.51	%
Ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities					147.20	%					143.11	%					151.37	%					147.61	%

_______________


(1)	Does not include interest on loans on non-accrual status. Includes loans held for sale. Amortized net deferred loan fees, late fees, extension fees, prepayment penalties, and the accretion of the fair value discount on loans acquired in the South Sound ~~Merger~~Acquisition are included with interest and dividends.


(2)	Average balances include loans and investment securities on non-accrual status.


(3)	Net interest income divided by total average interest-earning assets, annualized.



	Six Months Ended March 31,
	2020						2019
	Average Balance		Interest and Dividends		Yield/ Cost		Average Balance		Interest and Dividends		Yield/ Cost
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivable (1)(2)	$	916,931	$	25,587	5.58	%	$	869,184	$	23,997	5.52	%
Investment securities (2)	68,440		928		2.71		33,856		575		3.40
Dividends from mutual funds, FHLB stock and other investments	5,453		72		2.64		5,264		78		2.96
Interest-bearing deposits in banks and CDs	200,107		1,735		1.73		209,641		2,506		2.39
Total interest-earning assets	1,190,931		28,322		4.76		1,117,945		27,156		4.86
Non-interest-earning assets	84,311						88,868
Total assets	$	1,275,242					$	1,206,813

Interest-bearing liabilities:
Savings	$	176,628	86		0.10		$	161,643	52		0.06
Money market	138,758		396		0.57		157,688		543		0.69
N.O.W. checking	299,884		454		0.30		284,724		391		0.28
Certificates of deposit	168,039		1,496		1.78		155,413		1,098		1.42
Short-term borrowings	1		—		2.53		—		—		—
Long-term borrowings	1,366		8		1.17		—		—		—
Total interest-bearing liabilities	784,676		2,440		0.62		759,468		2,084		0.55
Non-interest-bearing deposits	306,175						282,019
Other liabilities	9,394						8,806
Total liabilities	1,100,245						1,050,293
Shareholders' equity	174,997						156,520
Total liabilities and
shareholders' equity	$	1,275,242					$	1,206,813

Net interest income			$	25,882					$	25,072

Interest rate spread					4.14	%					4.31	%
Net interest margin (3)					4.35	%					4.49	%
Ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities					151.77	%					147.20	%

_______________


(1)	Does not include interest on loans on non-accrual status. Includes loans held for sale. Amortized net deferred loan fees, late fees, extension fees, prepayment penalties, and the accretion of the fair value discount on loans acquired in the South Sound Acquisition are included with interest and dividends.


(2)	Average balances include loans and investment securities on non-accrual status.


(3)	Net interest income divided by total average interest-earning assets, annualized.

Rate Volume Analysis

The following table sets forth the effects of changing rates and volumes on the net interest income of the Company. Information is provided with respect to the (i) effects on interest income attributable to changes in volume (changes in volume multiplied by prior rate), (ii) effects on interest income attributable to changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by prior volume), and (iii) the net change (sum of the prior columns). Changes in rate/volume have been allocated to rate and volume variances based on the absolute values of each (dollars in thousands):


	Three months ended March 31, 2019 compared to three months ended March 31, 2018 increase (decrease) due to						Six months ended March 31, 2019 compared to six months ended March 31, 2018 increase (decrease) due to						Three months ended March 31, 2020 compared to three months ended March 31, 2019 increase (decrease) due to									Six months ended March 31, 2020 compared to six months ended March 31, 2019 increase (decrease) due to
	Rate		Volume		Net Change		Rate		Volume		Net Change		Rate			Volume			Net Change			Rate			Volume			Net Change
Interest-earning assets:
Loans receivable and loans held for sale	$	536	$	2,196	$	2,732	$	914	$	4,271	$	5,185	$	(23	)	$	630		$	607		$	260		$	1,330		$	1,590
Investment securities	36		222		258		48		431		479		(63		)	255			192			(39		)	392			353
Dividends from mutual funds, FHLB stock and other investments	12		1		13		24		2		26		(5		)	1			(4		)	(6		)	—			(6		)
Interest-bearing deposits in banks and CDs	455		93		548		926		216		1,142		(476		)	(29		)	(505		)	(662		)	(109		)	(771		)
Total net increase in income on interest-earning assets	1,039		2,512		3,551		1,912		4,920		6,832		(567		)	857			290			(447		)	1,613			1,166

Interest-bearing liabilities:
Savings	—		3		3		4		6		10		26			2			28			28			6			34
Money market	100		24		124		179		47		226		(76		)	(26		)	(102		)	(87		)	(60		)	(147		)
N.O.W. checking	51		42		93		83		84		167
NOW checking													19			11			30			42			21			63
Certificates of deposit	184		43		227		327		88		415		116			58			174			302			96			398
Long-term borrowings													—			8			8			—			8			8
Total net increase in expense on interest-bearing liabilities	335		112		447		593		225		818		85			53			138			285			71			356

Net increase in net interest income	$	704	$	2,400	$	3,104	$	1,319	$	4,695	$	6,014	$	(652	)	$	804		$	152		$	(732	)	$	1,542		$	810

Provision for Loan Losses: A $2.00 million provision for loan losses was made for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, primarily due to the deteriorating economic conditions and probable losses driven by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the U.S. and global economies. There was no provision for ~~(recapture of) loan~~loans losses made for ~~both~~ the ~~quarters~~quarter ended March 31, ~~2019 and 2018.~~2019. For the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020, there were net recoveries of ~~$208,000~~$8,000 compared to net ~~charge-offs~~recoveries of ~~$21,000~~$208,000 for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2018.~~2019. Non-accrual loans increased by ~~$1.43~~$183,000, or 6.0%, to $3.22 million at March 31, 2020, from $3.03 million at September 30, 2019 and increased by $471,000, or ~~108.4%~~17.1%, tofrom $2.75 million at March 31, ~~2019, from $1.32 million at September 30, 2018 and increased by $813,000, or 42.1%, from $1.93 million at March 31, 2018.~~2019. Total delinquent loans (past due 30 days or more) and non-accrual loans ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$1.02 million,~~$492,000, or ~~39.9%~~12.5%, to ~~$3.58~~$3.43 million at March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, from ~~$2.56~~$3.93 million at September 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$288,000,~~$142,000, or ~~8.8%~~4.0%, from ~~$3.29~~$3.58 million one year ago.

As of March 31, 2020, Timberland had approved payment deferral plans on 125 loans totaling $79.41 million. These modifications were not classified as TDRs at March 31, 2020 in accordance with the guidance of the CARES Act. The CARES Act provided that the short-term modification of loans as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, made on a good faith basis to borrowers who were current as defined under the CARES Act prior to any relief, are not TDRs. This includes short-term (e.g. six months) modifications such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or other delays in payment that are insignificant. Borrowers are considered current under the CARES Act if they are less than 30 days past due on their contractual payments at the time a modification program is implemented.

For the six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 there was a $2.20 million provision for loan losses, primarily due to the COVID-19 pandemic related economic uncertainties discussed above and, ~~March 31, 2018 there~~to a much lesser extent, loan portfolio growth. There was no provision for ~~(recapture of)~~ loan ~~losses. Net recoveries~~losses for the six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2019. There were ~~$211,000~~no net charge-offs for six months ended March 31, 2020 compared to net ~~charge-offs~~recoveries of ~~$9,000~~$211,000 for the six months ended March 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

The Company has established a comprehensive methodology for determining the allowance for loan losses. On a quarterly basis the Company performs an analysis that considers pertinent factors underlying the quality of the loan portfolio. These factors include changes in the amount and composition of the loan portfolio, historical loss experience for various loan segments, changes in economic conditions, delinquency rates, a detailed analysis of impaired loans, and other factors to determine an appropriate level of allowance for loan losses. Impaired loans are subjected to an impairment analysis to determine an appropriate reserve amount to be allocated to each loan. The aggregate principal impairment reserve amount determined at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 was ~~$231,000~~$89,000 compared to ~~$97,000~~$172,000 at September 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~$396,000~~$231,000 at March 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

In accordance with GAAP, loans acquired in the South Sound ~~Merger~~Acquisition were recorded at their estimated fair value, which resulted in a net discount to the loan's contractual amounts, of which a portion reflects a discount for possible credit losses. Credit discounts are included in the determination of fair value and as a result no allowance for loan losses is recorded for acquired loans at the acquisition date. The discount recorded on the acquired loans is not reflected in the allowance for loan

losses or related allowance coverage ratios. ~~We believe~~The remaining fair value discount on loans acquired in the South Sound Acquisition was $1.13 million at March 31, 2020. The Company believes this should be considered by investors when comparing the Company's allowance for loan losses to total loans in periods prior to the South Sound ~~Merger.~~Acquisition.

Based on its comprehensive analysis, management believes the allowance for loan losses of ~~$9.74~~$11.89 million at March 31, ~~2019 (1.10%~~2020 (1.29% of loans receivable and ~~354.9%~~369.7% of non-performing loans) was adequate to provide for probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio based on an evaluation of known and inherent risks in the loan portfolio at that date. The allowance for loan losses was ~~$9.53~~$9.69 million ~~(1.30%~~(1.08% of loans receivable and ~~723.6%~~319.5% of non-performing loans) at September 30, ~~2018~~2019 and ~~$9.54~~$9.74 mil1ion ~~(1.33%~~(1.10% of loans receivable and ~~494.0%~~354.9% of non-performing loans) at March 31, ~~2018.~~2019. While the Company believes it has established its existing allowance for loan losses in accordance with GAAP, there can be no assurance that bank regulators, in reviewing the Company's loan portfolio, will not request the Company to increase significantly its allowance for loan losses. In addition, because future events affecting borrowers and collateral cannot be predicted with certainty, there can be no assurance that the existing allowance for loan losses is adequate or that a substantial increase will not be necessary should the quality of any loans deteriorate. ~~Any~~A further decline in national and local economic conditions, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic or other factors, could result in a material increase in the allowance for loan losses ~~would~~and may adversely affect the Company's financial condition and results of operations. For additional information, see Note 5 of the Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contained in “Item 1, Financial Statements.”

Non-interest Income: Total non-interest income ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$858,000,~~$260,000, or ~~27.8%~~6.6%, to $3.68 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 from $3.94 million for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019 from $3.08 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2018.~~2019. The ~~increase~~decrease in non-interest income compared to the same quarter last year was primarily due to a ~~$1.02~~$1.01 million decrease in net BOLI earnings, and smaller decreases in several other categories. These decreases were partially offset by a $448,000 increase in ~~BOLI net earnings~~gain on sale of loans, a $283,000 recovery of a previously charged off receivable acquired in the South Sound Acquisition (which is recorded in the "Other" non-interest income category), and smaller increases in several other categories. ~~Partially offsetting these increases was a decrease of $182,000 in gain on sales of loans and smaller decreases in several other categories. The increase in~~

Net BOLI ~~net~~ earnings ~~was~~were higher for the comparable period one year ago primarily ~~a result of $1.00 million in income from~~due to a BOLI death benefit claim. The ~~decrease~~increase in gain on ~~sales~~sale of loans was primarily due to ~~a decrease~~an increase in the dollar volume of fixed-rate one- to four-family loans sold ~~and a decrease in~~during the ~~average pricing spread.~~current quarter.

Total non-interest income for the six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 increased by ~~$987,000,~~$412,000, or ~~15.9%~~5.7%, to ~~$7.21~~$7.62 million from ~~$6.22~~$7.21 million for the six months ended March 31, ~~2018,~~2019. This increase was primarily due to a ~~$1.04~~$1.01 million increase in ~~BOLI net earnings (as~~gain on sale of loans, a ~~result of the $1.00 million BOLI death benefit claim)~~$303,000 increase in ATM and debit card interchange transaction fees, and smaller increases in several ~~other~~ categories. ~~Partially offsetting these~~These increases ~~was a $317,000~~were partially offset by $1.02 million decrease in ~~gain on sales of loans~~BOLI net earnings, and smaller decreases in several other categories. The increase in gain on sale of loans was primarily due to an increase in the dollar volume of fixed-rate one- to four-family loans sold during the current period. The increase in ATM and debit card interchange transaction fees was primarily due to an increase in the dollar volume of debit card transactions. Net BOLI earnings were higher for the comparable period one year ago primarily due to the BOLI death benefit claim discussed above.

Non-interest Expense: Total non-interest expense ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$2.06~~$991,000, or 10.7%, to $8.29 million ~~or 28.5%, to~~for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 from $9.28 million for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019 from $7.22 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2018.~~2019. This ~~increase~~decrease was primarily due to ~~increases of $866,000~~a $553,000 decrease in data processing and telecommunication expense, a $246,000 decrease in salaries and employee benefits expense, ~~$573,000~~a $97,000 decrease in ~~data processing~~FDIC insurance expense, and ~~telecommunications expense, $194,000~~smaller decreases in ~~premises and equipment expense, $112,000 in deposit operations expense, $110,000 in CDI amortization and~~several other categories. These decreases were partially offset by smaller increases in several ~~other~~ categories. Data processing expenses and telecommunications expense and salaries and employee benefits expenses were higher for the prior year's quarter due to expenses associated with the core-operating system conversion to the Jack Henry Silverlake platform. The ~~increase~~decrease in salaries and employee benefits expense was primarily due to ~~the additional employees added as~~ a ~~result of the South Sound Merger, annual salary adjustments and approximately $160,000~~decrease in ~~additional employee~~ expenses associated with Company's Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP"), (which was fully allocated as of

March 31, 2019) and a decrease in core-operating system conversion related overtime and bonus expenses. The FDIC insurance expense was reduced due to the ~~Company's conversion~~Bank's receipt of an FDIC insurance assessment credit.

Total non-interest expense decreased by $1.18 million, or 6.6%, to $16.66 million for the six months ended March 31, 2020 from $17.84 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019. This decrease was primarily due to a ~~new core operating system in February 2019. The increase~~$582,000 decrease in data processing and telecommunications expense, ~~was primarily~~ a ~~result~~$198,000 decrease in FDIC insurance expense, a $130,000 decrease in salaries and employee benefits expense, a $110,000 decrease in premises and equipment expense, a $110,000 increase in gain on disposition of ~~$456,000~~premises and expenses, and smaller decreases in several other categories. These decreases were partially offset by smaller increases in several other categories. Data processing expenses and salaries and employee benefits expenses were higher for the prior year's period due to expenses associated with the Company's core-operating system conversion. The ~~increase~~FDIC insurance expense was reduced due to the Bank's receipt of an FDIC insurance assessment credit. The decrease in premises and equipment expense was primarily due to a ~~result of the South Sound Merger and an increase~~decrease in building and equipment maintenance expenses.

~~Total non-interest~~ The gain on the disposition of premises and equipment expense ~~increased by $3.44 million, or 23.9%, to $17.84 million for the six months ended March 31, 2019 from $14.40 million for the six months ended March 31, 2018.~~ ~~This increase~~ was primarily due to ~~increases~~the sale of $1.52 million in salaries and employee benefits expense, $719,000 in data processing and telecommunications expense, $380,000 in premises and equipment expense, $219,000 in CDI amortization and smaller increases in several other categories. During the six months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company incurred acquisition related expenses of $119,000 and $89,000, respectively, related to the South Sound Merger, which are included in professional fees. The Company is scheduled to integrate the branchesland acquired in the South Sound Merger to the new core operating system in July 2019. During the next two quarters, the Company expects to incur a total of approximately $700,000 in conversion related expense in connection with this integration.Acquisition that had been held for future expansion.

The efficiency ratio for the current quarter improved to ~~55.66%~~50.04% from ~~56.83.%~~55.66% for the comparable quarter one year ago asand the ~~increases in net interest income and non-interest income outpaced the increase in non-interest expense. The~~ efficiency ratio for the six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020 improved to ~~55.27%~~49.73% from ~~56.96%~~55.27% for the six months ended March 31, ~~2018.~~2019.

Provision for Income Taxes: The provision for income taxes ~~increased~~decreased by ~~$61,000,~~$52,000, or ~~5.0%~~4.1%, to $1.23 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 from $1.28 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2019, ~~from $1.22~~primarily due to lower income before income taxes. The provision for income taxes increased by $230,000, or 8.5%, to $2.94 million for the ~~quarter~~six months ended March 31, ~~2018, and decreased by $287,000, or 9.6%, to~~2020 from $2.71 million for the six months ended March 31, ~~2019 from $3.00 million for the six months ended March 31. 2018.~~2019. The Company's effective income tax rate was 19.53% for the quarter ended March 31, 2020 and 17.28% for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019 and 22.17%~~2019. The Company's effective income tax rate was 20.08% for the ~~quarter~~six months ended March 31, ~~2018. The Company's effective tax rate was~~2020 and 18.77% for the six months ended March 31, ~~2019~~2019. The effective income tax rates for both the three and ~~27.55% for the~~ six ~~months~~month periods ended

March 31, ~~2018. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the current periods was~~2019, were lower primarily due ~~to the lower effective corporate federal income tax rate as~~ a ~~result of the Tax Act and a higher percentage of tax exempt income, which was primarily due to the~~ BOLI death benefit ~~claim.~~

~~For additional information, see Note 11~~claim which increased the percentage of ~~the Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements contained in “Item 1, Financial Statements.”~~non-taxable income.

Liquidity

The Company’s primary sources of funds are customer deposits, proceeds from principal and interest payments on loans, the sale of loans, maturing investment securities, maturing CDs held for investment and FHLB borrowings (if needed). While maturities and the scheduled amortization of loans are a predictable source of funds, deposit flows and mortgage prepayments are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition.

Liquidity management is both a short and long-term responsibility of the Bank’s management. The Bank adjusts its investments in liquid assets based upon management’s assessment of (i) expected loan demand, (ii) projected loan sales, (iii) expected deposit flows, and (iv) yields available on interest-bearing deposits. Excess liquidity is invested generally in interest-bearing overnight deposits and other short-term investments.

The Bank generally maintains sufficient cash and short-term investments to meet short-term liquidity needs. At March 31, ~~2019~~2020, the Bank’s regulatory liquidity ratio (net cash, and short-term and marketable assets, as a percentage of net deposits and short-term liabilities) was ~~25.05%~~24.93%.

The Company’s total cash and cash equivalents and CDs held for investment increased by ~~$28.17~~$29.26 million, or ~~13.3%~~13.2%, to ~~$240.32~~$250.62 million at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 from ~~$212.15~~$221.36 million at September 30, ~~2018.~~2019. If the Bank requires funds that exceed its ability to generate them internally, it has additional borrowing capacity with the FHLB, the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco ("FRB") and Pacific Coast Bankers' Bank ("PCBB"). At March 31, ~~2019~~2020, the Bank maintained an uncommitted credit facility with the FHLB that provided for immediately available ~~advances~~borrowings up to an aggregate amount equal to 45% of total assets, limited by available collateral. The Bank also has a Letter of Credit ("LOC") of up to $23.00 million with the FHLB for the purpose of collateralizing Washington State public deposits. Any amount pledged for public deposit under the LOC reduces the Bank's available borrowing amount under the FHLB advance agreement. At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the Bank had ~~$23.00 million pledged under the LOC, which left $300.01~~$364.75 million available for additional FHLB borrowings. At March 31, 2020, the Bank had $10.00 million in FHLB borrowings outstanding. The Bank maintains a short-term borrowing line with the FRB with available total credit based on eligible collateral. At March 31, ~~2019~~2020, the Bank ~~did not have any collateral pledged~~had $87.15 million available for borrowings with the FRB and there was no outstanding balance on this borrowing line. The Bank also maintains a $10.00 million overnight borrowing line with PCBB. At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the Bank did not have an outstanding balance on this borrowing line.

The Bank’s primary investing activity is the origination of one- to four-family mortgage loans, commercial mortgage loans, construction loans, consumer loans, and commercial business loans. At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the Bank had loan commitments

totaling ~~$91.30~~$94.09 million and undisbursed construction loans in process totaling ~~$94.47~~$85.47 million. The Bank anticipates that it will have sufficient funds available to meet current loan commitments. CDs that are scheduled to mature in less than one year from March 31, ~~2019~~2020 totaled ~~$83.00~~$104.49 million.

Capital Resources

The Bank, as a state-chartered, federally insured savings bank, is subject to the capital requirements established by the FDIC. Under the FDIC's capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank's assets, liabilities and certain off-balance-sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. The Bank's capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weighting and other factors.

Based on its capital levels at March 31, ~~2019~~2020, the Bank exceeded all regulatory capital requirements as of that date. Consistent with the Bank's goals to operate a sound and profitable organization, it is the Bank's policy to maintain a "well-capitalized" status under the regulatory capital categories of the FDIC. Based on capital levels at March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the Bank was considered to be "well-capitalized" under applicable regulatory requirements. Management monitors the capital levels to provide for current and future business opportunities and to maintain the Bank's "well-capitalized" status.

The following table compares the Bank’s actual capital amounts at March 31, ~~2019~~2020 to its minimum regulatory capital requirements at that date (dollars in thousands):


	Actual				Regulatory Minimum To Be “Adequately Capitalized”				To Be “Well Capitalized” Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
	Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Actual				Regulatory Minimum To Be “Adequately Capitalized”				To Be “Well Capitalized” Under Prompt Corrective Action Provisions
													Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio		Amount		Ratio
Leverage Capital Ratio:
Tier 1 capital		$143,202	11.96	%		$47,907	4.00	%		$59,884	5.00	%		$159,626	12.52	%		$51,003	4.00	%		$63,754	5.00	%

Risk-based Capital Ratios:
Common equity tier 1 capital	143,202		17.18		37,509		4.50		54,180		6.50		159,626		18.15		39,568		4.50		57,154		6.50

Tier 1 capital	143,202		17.18		50,012		6.00		66,683		8.00		159,626		18.15		52,758		6.00		70,344		8.00

Total capital	153,200		18.38		66,683		8.00		83,353		10.00		170,632		19.41		70,344		8.00		87,930		10.00

In addition to the minimum common equity Tier 1 ("CET1"), Tier 1 and total capital ratios, the Bank is required to maintain a capital conservation buffer consisting of additional CET1 capital greater than 2.5% of risk-weighted assets above the required minimum levels in order to avoid limitations on paying dividends, engaging in share repurchases, and paying discretionary bonuses based on percentages of retained income that could be utilized for such actions. At March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, the Bank's CET1 capital exceeded the required capital conservation ~~buffer was 10.38%.~~buffer.

Timberland Bancorp, Inc. is a bank holding company registered with the Federal Reserve. Bank holding companies are subject to capital adequacy requirements of the Federal Reserve under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended, and the regulations of the Federal Reserve. For a bank holding company with less than $3.0 billion in assets (as of June 30th of the preceding year), the capital guidelines apply on a bank only basis and the Federal Reserve expects the holding company's subsidiary bank to be well capitalized under the prompt corrective action regulations. If Timberland Bancorp, Inc. were subject to regulatory guidelines for bank holding companies with $3.0 billion or more in assets, at March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, Timberland Bancorp, Inc. would have exceeded all regulatory requirements.

The following table presents for informational purposes the regulatory capital ratios for Timberland Bancorp, Inc. as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 (dollars in thousands):


	Actual
	Amount		Ratio		Actual
					Amount		Ratio
Leverage Capital Ratio:
Tier 1 capital		$146,137	12.17	%		$162,841	12.75	%

Risk-based Capital Ratios:
Common equity tier 1 capital	146,137		17.52		162,841		18.53

Tier 1 capital	146,137		17.52		162,841		18.53

Total capital	156,135		18.72		173,842		19.78

Key Financial Ratios and Data

(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)


	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,				Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018		2020		2019		2020		2019
PERFORMANCE RATIOS:
Return on average assets	2.01	%	1.75	%	1.94	%	1.63	%	1.56	%	2.01	%	1.84	%	1.94	%
Return on average equity	15.45	%	14.79	%	14.99	%	13.86	%	11.39	%	15.45	%	13.37	%	14.99	%
Net interest margin	4.51	%	4.19	%	4.49	%	4.19	%	4.27	%	4.51	%	4.35	%	4.49	%
Efficiency ratio	55.66	%	56.83	%	55.27	%	56.96	%	50.04	%	55.66	%	49.73	%	55.27	%

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There were no material changes in information concerning market risk from the information provided in the Company’s Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, ~~2018.~~2019.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

(a)

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures: An evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)) was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and several other members of the Company’s senior management as of the end of the period covered by this report. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of March 31, ~~2019~~2020 the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective in ensuring that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is (i) accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management (including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer) in a timely manner to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

(b)

Changes in Internal Controls: There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019~~2020, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. The Company continued, however, to implement suggestions from its internal auditor and independent auditors to strengthen existing controls. The Company does not expect that its disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting will prevent all errors and fraud. A control procedure, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control procedure are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control procedures, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns in controls or procedures can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any control procedure is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; as over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control procedure, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Neither the Company nor the Bank is a party to any material legal proceedings at this time. From time to time,

the Bank is involved in various claims and legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

~~There have been no material changes in~~

In light of recent developments relating to the ~~Risk Factors previously disclosed~~Coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) pandemic, the Company is supplementing its risk factors contained in Item 1A of its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the ~~Company’s~~

~~2018~~year ended September 30, 2019, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 9, 2019. The following risk factor should be read in conjunction with the risk factors described in the 2019 Form 10-K.

The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted our ability to conduct business and is expected to adversely impact our financial results and those of our customers. The ultimate impact will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted, including the scope and duration of the pandemic and actions taken by governmental authorities in response to the pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly adversely affected our operations and the way we provide banking services to businesses and individuals, most of whom are currently under government issued stay-at-home orders. As an essential business, we continue to provide banking and financial services to our customers with drive-thru access available at the majority of our branch locations and in-person services available by appointment. In addition, we continue to provide access to banking and financial services through online banking, ATMs and by telephone. If the COVID-19 pandemic worsens it could limit or disrupt our ability to provide banking and financial services to our customers.

In response to the stay-at-home orders, a number of our employees currently are working remotely to enable us to continue to provide banking services to our customers. Heightened cybersecurity, information security and operational risks may result from these remote work-from-home arrangements. We also could be adversely affected if key personnel or a significant number of employees were to become unavailable due to the effects and restrictions of the COVID-19 pandemic. We also rely upon our third-party vendors to conduct business and to process, record and monitor transactions. If any of these vendors are unable to continue to provide us with these services, it could negatively impact our ability to serve our customers. Although we have business continuity plans and other safeguards in place, there is no assurance that such plans and safeguards will be effective.

There is pervasive uncertainty surrounding the future economic conditions that will emerge in the months and years following the start of the pandemic. As a result, management is confronted with a significant and unfamiliar degree of uncertainty in estimating the impact of the pandemic on credit quality, revenues and asset values. To date, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in declines in loan demand, other than through government sponsored programs such as the Paycheck Protection Program ("PPP"), deposit availability, market interest rates and negatively impacted many of our business and consumer borrower’s ability to make their loan payments. Because the length of the pandemic and the efficacy of the extraordinary measures being put in place to address its economic consequences are unknown, including recent reductions in the targeted federal funds rate, until the pandemic subsides, we expect our net interest income and net interest margin will be adversely affected in the near term, if not longer. Many of our borrowers have become unemployed or may face unemployment, and certain businesses are at risk of insolvency as their revenues decline precipitously, especially in businesses related to travel, hospitality, leisure and physical personal services. Businesses may ultimately not reopen as there is a significant level of uncertainty regarding the level of economic activity that will return to our markets over time, the impact of governmental assistance, the speed of economic recovery, the resurgence of COVID-19 in subsequent seasons and changes to demographic and social norms that will take place.

The impact of the pandemic is expected to continue to adversely affect us during fiscal 2020 and possibly longer as the ability of many of our customers to make loan payments has been significantly affected. Although the Company makes estimates of loan losses related to the pandemic as part of its evaluation of the allowance for loan losses, such estimates involve significant judgment and are made in the context of significant uncertainty as to the impact the pandemic will have on the credit quality of our loan portfolio. It is likely that increased loan delinquencies, adversely classified loans and loan charge-offs will increase in the future as a result of the pandemic. Consistent with guidance provided by banking regulators, we have modified loans by providing various loan payment deferral options to our borrowers affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Notwithstanding these modifications, these borrowers may not be able to resume making full payments on their loans once the COVID-19 pandemic is resolved. Any increases in the allowance for credit losses will result in a decrease in net income and, most likely, capital, and may have a material negative effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

The PPP loans made by the Bank are guaranteed by the SBA and, if used by the borrower for authorized purposes, may be fully forgiven. However, in the event of a loss resulting from a default on a PPP loan and a determination by the SBA that there was a deficiency in the manner in which the PPP loan was originated, funded or serviced by the Bank, the SBA may deny its liability under the guaranty, reduce the amount of the guaranty or, if it has already made

payment under the guaranty, seek recovery of any loss related to the deficiency from the Bank. In addition, since the commencement of the PPP, several larger banks have been subject to litigation regarding their processing of PPP loan applications. The Bank may be exposed to the risk of similar litigation, from both customers and non-customers that approached the Bank seeking PPP loans. PPP lenders, including the Bank, may also be subject to the risk of litigation in connection with other aspects of the PPP, including but not

limited to borrowers seeking forgiveness of their loans. If any such litigation is filed against the Bank, it may result in significant financial or reputational harm to us. In accordance with GAAP, we record assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their fair value with the excess of the purchase consideration over the net assets acquired resulting in the recognition of goodwill. If adverse economic conditions or the recent decrease in our stock price and market capitalization as a result of the pandemic were to be deemed sustained rather than temporary, it may significantly affect the fair value of our goodwill and may trigger impairment charges. Any impairment charge could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

We are an entity separate and distinct from our principal subsidiary, Timberland Bank, and derive substantially all of our revenue at the holding company level in the form of dividends from that subsidiary. If the COVID-19 pandemic were to materially adversely affect Timberland Bank’s regulatory capital levels or liquidity, it may result in Timberland Bank being unable to pay dividends to us, which may result in our not being able to pay dividends on our common stock at the same rate or at all.

Even after the COVID-19 pandemic subsides, the U.S. economy will likely require some time to recover from its effects, the length of which is unknown. and during which we may experience a recession. As a result, we anticipate our business may be materially and adversely affected during this recovery. To the extent the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic adversely impact our business, financial condition, liquidity or results of operations, it may also have the effect of heightening many of the other risks described in the section entitled "Risk Factors" in our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K and any subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

(a) Not applicable

(b) Not applicable

~~There were no~~The following table sets forth the shares repurchased by the Company during the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019.~~2020:




Period	Total No. of Shares Repurchased	Average Price Paid Per Share		Total No. of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plan	Maximum No. of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plan (1)
1/1/2020 - 1/31/2020	—	$	—	—	201,453
2/1/2020 - 2/28/2020	10,800	24.67		10,800	190,653
3/1/2020 - 3/31/2020	45,801	21.22		45,801	144,852
Total	56,601	$	21.88	56,601	144,852

(1) On July 28, 2015 the Company announced a plan to repurchase 352,681 shares of the Company's common stock. As of March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, a total of ~~130,788~~207,829 shares had been repurchased at an average price of ~~$11.69~~$15.71 per share and there were ~~221,893~~144,852 shares still authorized to be repurchased under the plan. All shares were repurchased through open market broker transactions and no shares were directly repurchased from directors or officers of the Company.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

None to be reported.

Item 6. Exhibits

(a) Exhibits



	2.1	Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of May 22, 2018, by and between Timberland Bancorp, Timberland Bank and South Sound Bank (1)
	3.1	Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant (2)
	3.3	Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant (3)
	4.1	Form of Certificate of Timberland Bancorp, Inc. Common Stock (2)
	10.1	Employee Severance Compensation Plan, as revised (4)
	10.2	Employee Stock Ownership Plan (5)
	10.4	2003 Stock Option Plan (6)
	10.5	Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement (7)
	10.6	Form of Non-qualified Stock Option Agreement (8)
	10.8	Employment Agreement with Michael R. Sand (8)
	10.9	Employment Agreement with Dean J. Brydon (8)
	10.10	Timberland Bancorp, Inc. 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (9)
	10.11	Timberland Bancorp, Inc. 2019 Equity Incentive Plan (10)
	31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes OxleyAct
	31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act
	32	Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act
	101	The following materials from Timberland Bancorp Inc's Quarterly Report 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, ~~2019,~~2020, formatted on Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) (a) Consolidated Balance Sheets; (b) Consolidated Statements of Income; (c) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; (d) Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity; (e) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (f) Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

_________________


(1)	Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2018.


(2)	Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (333-35817).


(3)	Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on ~~October 1, 2018.~~June 28, 2019.


(4)	Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 16, 2007.


(5)	Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 1997.


(6)	Incorporated by reference to the Registrant’s 2004 Annual Meeting Proxy Statement dated December 24, 2003.


(7)	Incorporated by reference to the Exhibit 99.2 included in the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-8 (333-1161163).


(8)	Incorporated by reference to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 29, 2013.


(9)	Attached as Appendix A to the Registrant's Annual Meeting Proxy Statement filed on December 19, 2014.


(10)	Attached as Appendix A to the Registrant's Annual Meeting Proxy Statement filed on December 18, 2019.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.



	Timberland Bancorp, Inc.


Date: May ~~10, 2019~~8, 2020	By: /s/ Michael R. Sand
	Michael R. Sand
	Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: May ~~10, 2019~~8, 2020	By: /s/ Dean J. Brydon
	Dean J. Brydon
	Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

~~EXHIBIT INDEX~~



~~Exhibit No.~~	~~Description of Exhibit~~

~~31.1~~	~~Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act~~
~~31.2~~	~~Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act~~
32	~~Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act~~
~~101~~	The following materials from Timberland Bancorp Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 formatted on Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) (a) Consolidated Balance Sheets; (b) Consolidated Statements of Income; (c) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income; (d) Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity; (e) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (f) Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements

5759



	Common Stock			Unearned Shares Issued to ESOP						Accumulated Other Compre-hensive Loss
	Number of Shares	Amount		Unearned Shares Issued to ESOP			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Compre-hensive Loss			Total
Balance, September 30, 2017	7,361,077	$	13,286	$	(397	)	$	98,235		$	(124	)	$	111,000
Net income	—	—		—			7,883			—			7,883
Other comprehensive loss	—	—		—			—			(8		)	(8		)
Exercise of stock options	29,150	234		—			—			—			234
Common stock dividends ($0.24 per common share)	—	—		—			(1,769		)	—			(1,769		)
Earned ESOP shares, net of income taxes	—	284		132			—			—			416
Stock option compensation expense	—	87		—			—			—			87
Balance, March 31, 2018	7,390,227	13,891		(265		)	104,349			(132		)	117,843


Balance, September 30, 2018	7,401,177	14,394		(133		)	110,525			(129		)	124,657
Net income	—	—		—			11,729			—			11,729
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—			—			21			21
Common stock issued for business combination	904,826	28,267		—			—			—			28,267
Exercise of stock options	30,416	283		—			—			—			283
Common stock dividends ($0.38 per common share)	—	—		—			(3,159		)	—			(3,159		)
Earned ESOP shares, net of income taxes	—	301		133			—			—			434
Stock option compensation expense	—	106		—			—			—			106
Adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2016-01	—	—		—			(63		)	63			—
Balance, March 31, 2019	8,336,419	$	43,351	$	—		$	119,032		$	(45	)	$	162,338



	Six Months Ended March 31,
	2019
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	5,650
Addition as a result of the South Sound Merger (see Note 2)	9,481
Balance at the end of the period	$	15,131



	Three Months Ended March 31, 2018
	Beginning Allowance		Provision for (Recapture of) Loan Losses			Charge- offs			Recoveries		Ending Allowance
Mortgage loans:
One- to four-family	$	1,125	$	(65	)	$	—		$	—	$	1,060
Multi-family	430		(44		)	—			—		386
Commercial	4,093		133			(28		)	—		4,198
Construction – custom and owner/builder	788		(83		)	—			—		705
Construction – speculative one- to four-family	75		21			—			3		99
Construction – commercial	396		49			—			—		445
Construction – multi-family	228		56			—			—		284
Construction – land development	—		48			—			—		48
Land	780		(94		)	—			5		691
Consumer loans:
Home equity and second mortgage	958		(13		)	—			—		945
Other	129		(8		)	(1		)	—		120
Commercial business loans	563		—			—			—		563
Total	$	9,565	$	—		$	(29	)	$	8	$	9,544