UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED September 30,December 31, 2019.

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _______ TO _______.

001-13684  
(Commission File Number)
pyx-20191231_g1.jpg
Pyxus International, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Virginia54-1746567  
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 8001 Aerial Center Parkway
Morrisville,,North Carolina27560  
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
(919) 379-4300
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each ClassTrading SymbolName of Exchange On Which Registered
Common Stock (no par value)PYXNew York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company' in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.   

Large Accelerated Filer       Accelerated Filer       Non-Accelerated filer   
Smaller Reporting Company       Emerging Growth Company   

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transaction period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
 Yes No

As of OctoberJanuary 31, 2019,2020, the registrant had 9,165,4019,177,268 shares outstanding of Common Stock (no par value) excluding 785,313 shares owned by a wholly owned subsidiary.
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Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Table of Contents
Page No.
Forward-Looking StatementsPage No.3
Part I.
Item 1.Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Three and SixNine Months Ended September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018
Three and SixNine Months Ended September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018
September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018 and March 31, 2019
Three and SixNine Months Ended September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018
SixNine Months Ended September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018
Item 2.
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Item 3.
Item 4.
Part II.
Item 1.
Item 1A.
Item 6.

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Forward-Looking Statements
Readers are cautioned that the statements contained in this report regarding expectations of our performance or other matters that may affect our business, results of operations, or financial condition are “forward-looking statements” as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements, which are based on current expectations of future events, may be identified by the use of words such as “strategy,” “expects,” “continues,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “will,” “estimates,” “intends,” “projects,” “goals,” “targets,” and other words of similar meaning. These statements also may be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. If underlying assumptions prove inaccurate, or if known or unknown risks or uncertainties materialize, actual results could vary materially from those anticipated, estimated, or projected. Some of these risks and uncertainties include changes in the timing of anticipated shipments, changes in anticipated geographic product sourcing, changes in relevant capital markets affecting the terms and availability of financing, political instability, currency and interest rate fluctuations, shifts in the global supply and demand position for tobacco products, changes in tax laws and regulations or the interpretation of tax laws and regulations, resolution of tax matters, adverse weather conditions, the impact of disasters or other unusual events affecting international commerce, including impacts from the strain of coronavirus reported to have recently surfaced in Wuhan, China, changes in costs incurred in supplying products and related services, uncertainties with respect to the impact of regulation associated with new business lines, including the risk of obtaining anticipated regulatory approvals in Canada and for nicotine e-liquids products in the United States, uncertainties regarding the regulation of the production and distribution of hemp products and continued compliance with applicable regulatory requirements, uncertainties with respect to the development of the industries and markets of the new business lines, consumer acceptance of products offered by the new business lines, uncertainties with respect to the timing and extent of retail and product-line expansion, the impact of increasing competition in the new business lines, uncertainties regarding obtaining financing to fund planned facilities expansions, in Prince Edward Island and Ontario, the possibility of delays in the completion of these and other facilities expansions and uncertainties regarding the potential production yields of new or expanded facilities, as well as the progress of legalization of cannabis for medicinal and adult recreational uses in other jurisdictions. A further list and description of these risks, uncertainties, and other factors can be found in the “Risk Factors” section of our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, in Part II, Item 1A "Risk Factors" in the Company's Quarterly ReportReports on Form 10-Q for the periodperiods ended June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2019, and in Part II, Item 1A of this report, and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statements that we may make from time to time.
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Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements


Pyxus International, Inc. and SubsidiariesPyxus International, Inc. and SubsidiariesPyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of OperationsCondensed Consolidated Statements of OperationsCondensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
Three and Six Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
(Unaudited)(Unaudited)(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
(in thousands, except per share data)(in thousands, except per share data)2019201820192018(in thousands, except per share data)2019201820192018
Sales and other operating revenuesSales and other operating revenues$382,981  $394,876  $659,651  $685,864  Sales and other operating revenues$363,260  $524,487  $1,022,911  $1,210,351  
Cost of goods and services soldCost of goods and services sold322,761  345,672  559,719  595,266  Cost of goods and services sold308,133  449,776  867,852  1,045,042  
Gross profitGross profit60,220  49,204  99,932  90,598  Gross profit55,127  74,711  155,059  165,309  
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses47,263  38,995  96,640  77,079  Selling, general, and administrative expenses45,911  41,680  142,551  118,759  
Other income, net1,514  2,561  4,462  5,482  
Other (expense) income, netOther (expense) income, net(401) 7,991  4,061  13,473  
Restructuring and asset impairment chargesRestructuring and asset impairment charges 182  220  1,723  Restructuring and asset impairment charges672  1,667  892  3,390  
Operating incomeOperating income14,463  12,588  7,534  17,278  Operating income8,143  39,355  15,677  56,633  
Debt retirement benefitDebt retirement benefit—  (388) —  (473) Debt retirement benefit—  (1,281) —  (1,754) 
Interest expense (includes debt amortization of $2,711 and $2,366 for the three months and $4,919 and $4,695 for the six months in 2019 and 2018, respectively)35,334  35,324  69,146  68,235  
Interest expense (includes debt amortization of $2,559 and $2,325 for the three months and $7,478 and $7,020 for the nine months in 2019 and 2018, respectively)Interest expense (includes debt amortization of $2,559 and $2,325 for the three months and $7,478 and $7,020 for the nine months in 2019 and 2018, respectively)32,200  33,947  101,346  102,182  
Interest incomeInterest income1,370  738  2,524  1,625  Interest income442  962  2,966  2,587  
Loss before income taxes and other items(19,501) (21,610) (59,088) (48,859) 
Income tax expense2,699  34,816  26,152  9,546  
(Loss) income before income taxes and other items(Loss) income before income taxes and other items(23,615) 7,651  (82,703) (41,208) 
Income tax (benefit) expenseIncome tax (benefit) expense(914) 17,354  25,238  26,900  
Income from unconsolidated affiliatesIncome from unconsolidated affiliates5,596  1,584  6,473  2,151  Income from unconsolidated affiliates255  4,701  6,728  6,852  
Net lossNet loss(16,604) (54,842) (78,767) (56,254) Net loss(22,446) (5,002) (101,213) (61,256) 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(86) (208) (452) (862) 
Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interestsNet (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests(453) 93  (905) (769) 
Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.$(16,518) $(54,634) $(78,315) $(55,392) Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.$(21,993) $(5,095) $(100,308) $(60,487) 
Loss per share:Loss per share:Loss per share:
BasicBasic$(1.81) $(6.04) $(8.58) $(6.13) Basic$(2.40) $(0.56) $(10.98) $(6.69) 
DilutedDiluted$(1.81) $(6.04) $(8.58) $(6.13) Diluted$(2.40) $(0.56) $(10.98) $(6.69) 
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:Weighted average number of shares outstanding:Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
BasicBasic9,144  9,051  9,123  9,038  Basic9,166  9,068  9,137  9,048  
DilutedDiluted9,144  9,051  9,123  9,038  Diluted9,166  9,068  9,137  9,048  
See "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements"See "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements"See "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements"



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Pyxus International, Inc. and SubsidiariesPyxus International, Inc. and SubsidiariesPyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive LossCondensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive LossCondensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss
Three and Six Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
(Unaudited)(Unaudited)(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
(in thousands)(in thousands)2019201820192018(in thousands)2019201820192018
Net lossNet loss$(16,604) $(54,842) $(78,767) $(56,254) Net loss$(22,446) $(5,002) $(101,213) $(61,256) 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Currency translation adjustmentCurrency translation adjustment(1,944) (6) (2,344) (5,318) Currency translation adjustment1,871  (2,310) (474) (7,628) 
Defined benefit pension amounts reclassified to incomeDefined benefit pension amounts reclassified to income311  202  622  568  Defined benefit pension amounts reclassified to income312  285  934  853  
Change in pension liability for settlementsChange in pension liability for settlements(2,012) 771  (2,012) 771  Change in pension liability for settlements799  (1,162) (1,213) (391) 
Change in the fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedgesChange in the fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges(2)  (147) —  Change in the fair value of derivatives designated as cash flow hedges—  (3,752) (147) (3,752) 
Amounts reclassified to income for derivativesAmounts reclassified to income for derivatives1,430  774  1,944  (716) Amounts reclassified to income for derivatives576  2,161  2,520  1,445  
Total other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax(2,217) 1,747  (1,937) (4,695) 
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxTotal other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax3,558  (4,778) 1,620  (9,473) 
Total comprehensive lossTotal comprehensive loss(18,821) (53,095) (80,704) (60,949) Total comprehensive loss(18,888) (9,780) (99,593) (70,729) 
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests(105) 43  (441) (786) 
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interestsComprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(405) (430) (846) (1,216) 
Comprehensive loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.Comprehensive loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.$(18,716) $(53,138) $(80,263) $(60,163) Comprehensive loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.$(18,483) $(9,350) $(98,747) $(69,513) 
See "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements"See "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements"See "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements"



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Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Unaudited)
(in thousands)(in thousands)September 30, 2019September 30, 2018March 31, 2019(in thousands)December 31, 2019December 31, 2018March 31, 2019
AssetsAssetsAssets
Current assetsCurrent assetsCurrent assets
Cash and cash equivalentsCash and cash equivalents$172,523  $116,970  $192,043  Cash and cash equivalents$72,230  $209,160  $192,043  
Restricted cashRestricted cash4,771  2,297  5,378  Restricted cash2,359  6,335  5,378  
Trade receivables, netTrade receivables, net202,446  210,934  290,097  Trade receivables, net180,404  268,747  290,097  
Other receivablesOther receivables12,066  18,313  20,900  Other receivables12,257  21,305  20,900  
Accounts receivable, related partiesAccounts receivable, related parties9,800  3,587  5,783  Accounts receivable, related parties6,418  5,077  5,633  
Notes receivable, related partiesNotes receivable, related parties406  —  150  
InventoriesInventories802,559  954,692  668,171  Inventories871,850  827,782  668,171  
Advances to tobacco suppliersAdvances to tobacco suppliers46,154  65,241  19,754  Advances to tobacco suppliers61,536  51,135  19,754  
Recoverable income taxesRecoverable income taxes9,175  10,628  5,421  Recoverable income taxes9,751  8,538  5,421  
Prepaid expensesPrepaid expenses21,484  21,021  15,934  Prepaid expenses22,447  17,325  15,934  
Other current assetsOther current assets14,627  17,715  15,027  Other current assets14,345  16,212  15,027  
Total current assetsTotal current assets1,295,605  1,421,398  1,238,508  Total current assets1,254,003  1,431,616  1,238,508  
Restricted cashRestricted cash389  389  389  Restricted cash389  389  389  
Long-term notes receivable, related partiesLong-term notes receivable, related parties7,466  742  545  
Investments in unconsolidated affiliatesInvestments in unconsolidated affiliates69,243  62,838  69,459  Investments in unconsolidated affiliates69,368  68,351  69,459  
GoodwillGoodwill34,422  34,698  34,336  Goodwill34,570  34,109  34,336  
Other intangible assets, netOther intangible assets, net68,578  73,330  71,781  Other intangible assets, net67,404  70,074  71,781  
Deferred income taxes, netDeferred income taxes, net116,400  114,696  116,451  Deferred income taxes, net115,947  106,610  116,451  
Long-term recoverable income taxesLong-term recoverable income taxes2,618  898  3,067  Long-term recoverable income taxes2,618  898  3,067  
Other deferred chargesOther deferred charges1,880  3,094  2,175  Other deferred charges1,421  2,634  2,175  
Other noncurrent assetsOther noncurrent assets48,525  52,392  46,713  Other noncurrent assets48,533  43,514  46,168  
Right-of-use assetsRight-of-use assets45,415  —  —  Right-of-use assets43,372  —  —  
Property, plant, and equipment, netProperty, plant, and equipment, net295,793  259,318  276,396  Property, plant, and equipment, net303,956  264,782  276,396  
Total assetsTotal assets$1,978,868  $2,023,051  $1,859,275  Total assets$1,949,047  $2,023,719  $1,859,275  
Liabilities and Stockholders’ EquityLiabilities and Stockholders’ EquityLiabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilitiesCurrent liabilitiesCurrent liabilities
Notes payable to banksNotes payable to banks$582,389  $613,859  $428,961  Notes payable to banks$580,346  $583,407  $428,961  
Accounts payableAccounts payable50,764  48,095  87,049  Accounts payable61,076  49,373  87,049  
Accounts payable, related partiesAccounts payable, related parties26,454  22,611  19,054  Accounts payable, related parties11,077  18,372  19,054  
Advances from customersAdvances from customers22,254  11,045  16,436  Advances from customers19,227  45,900  16,436  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilitiesAccrued expenses and other current liabilities98,435  84,682  91,282  Accrued expenses and other current liabilities103,351  98,233  91,282  
Income taxes payableIncome taxes payable16,847  4,012  3,728  Income taxes payable15,444  6,513  3,728  
Operating leases payableOperating leases payable14,492  —  —  Operating leases payable14,033  —  —  
Current portion of long-term debtCurrent portion of long-term debt319  165  332  Current portion of long-term debt325  165  332  
Total current liabilitiesTotal current liabilities811,954  784,469  646,842  Total current liabilities804,879  801,963  646,842  
Long-term taxes payableLong-term taxes payable8,660  9,155  10,718  Long-term taxes payable8,523  10,718  10,718  
Long-term debtLong-term debt901,059  905,096  898,386  Long-term debt902,461  897,195  898,386  
Deferred income taxesDeferred income taxes34,530  15,692  26,813  Deferred income taxes30,396  12,437  26,813  
Liability for unrecognized tax benefitsLiability for unrecognized tax benefits9,171  9,606  11,189  Liability for unrecognized tax benefits12,233  11,026  11,189  
Long-term leasesLong-term leases28,568  —  —  Long-term leases28,206  —  —  
Pension, postretirement, and other long-term liabilitiesPension, postretirement, and other long-term liabilities73,291  70,878  73,308  Pension, postretirement, and other long-term liabilities70,315  72,013  73,308  
Total liabilitiesTotal liabilities1,867,233  1,794,896  1,667,256  Total liabilities1,857,013  1,805,352  1,667,256  
Commitments and contingenciesCommitments and contingenciesCommitments and contingencies
Stockholders’ equityStockholders’ equitySeptember 30, 2019September 30, 2018March 31, 2019Stockholders’ equityDecember 31, 2019December 31, 2018March 31, 2019
Common Stock—no par value:Common Stock—no par value:Common Stock—no par value:
Authorized sharesAuthorized shares250,000  250,000  250,000  Authorized shares250,000  250,000  250,000  
Issued sharesIssued shares9,951  9,849  9,881  469,736  474,221  468,936  Issued shares9,963  9,866  9,881  469,450  474,603  468,936  
Retained deficitRetained deficit(302,199) (211,741) (223,884) Retained deficit(324,192) (213,905) (223,884) 
Accumulated other comprehensive lossAccumulated other comprehensive loss(63,290) (50,032) (61,342) Accumulated other comprehensive loss(59,781) (57,218) (61,342) 
Total stockholders’ equity of Pyxus International, Inc.Total stockholders’ equity of Pyxus International, Inc.104,247  212,448  183,710  Total stockholders’ equity of Pyxus International, Inc.85,477  203,480  183,710  
Noncontrolling interestsNoncontrolling interests7,388  15,707  8,309  Noncontrolling interests6,557  14,887  8,309  
Total stockholders’ equityTotal stockholders’ equity111,635  228,155  192,019  Total stockholders’ equity92,034  218,367  192,019  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equityTotal liabilities and stockholders’ equity$1,978,868  $2,023,051  $1,859,275  Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$1,949,047  $2,023,719  $1,859,275  
See "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements"See "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements"See "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements"

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Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Statements of Consolidated Stockholders' Equity
Three and Six Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
(Unaudited)
Attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
(in thousands)Common
Stock
Retained
Deficit
Currency Translation AdjustmentPensions,
Net of Tax
Loss on Derivatives, Net of TaxNoncontrolling
Interests
Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance, March 31, 2019$468,936  $(223,884) $(21,979) $(36,749) $(2,614) $8,309  $192,019  
Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.—  (61,797) —  —  —  (366) (62,163) 
Stock-based compensation429  —  —  —  —  —  429  
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax—  —  (430) 311  369  30  280  
Balance, June 30, 2019469,365  (285,681) (22,409) (36,438) (2,245) 7,973  130,565  
Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.—  (16,518) —  —  —  (86) (16,604) 
Restricted stock surrender(12) —  —  —  —  —  (12) 
Stock-based compensation383  —  —  —  —  —  383  
Dividends paid—  —  —  —  —  (480) (480) 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax—  —  (1,925) (1,701) 1,428  (19) (2,217) 
Balance, September 30, 2019$469,736  $(302,199) $(24,334) $(38,139) $(817) $7,388  $111,635  

Pyxus International, Inc. and SubsidiariesPyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Statements of Consolidated Stockholders' EquityCondensed Statements of Consolidated Stockholders' Equity
(Unaudited)(Unaudited)
Attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Balance, March 31, 2018$473,476  $(156,348) $(12,682) $(32,580) $—  $10,962  $282,828  
(in thousands)(in thousands)Common
Stock
Retained
Deficit
Currency Translation AdjustmentPensions,
Net of Tax
Loss on Derivatives, Net of TaxNoncontrolling
Interests
Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance, March 31, 2019Balance, March 31, 2019$468,936  $(223,884) $(21,979) $(36,749) $(2,614) $8,309  $192,019  
Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.—  (759) —  —  — ��(654) (1,413) Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.—  (61,797) —  —  —  (366) (62,163) 
Stock-based compensationStock-based compensation295  —  —  —  —  —  295  Stock-based compensation429  —  —  —  —  —  429  
Purchase of investment in subsidiary—  —  —  —  —  5,531  5,531  
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of taxOther comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax—  —  (5,136) 366  (1,496) (175) (6,441) Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax—  —  (430) 311  369  30  280  
Balance, June 30, 2018473,771  (157,107) (17,818) (32,214) (1,496) 15,664  280,800  
Balance, June 30, 2019Balance, June 30, 2019469,365  (285,681) (22,409) (36,438) (2,245) 7,973  130,565  
Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.—  (54,634) —  —  —  (208) (54,842) Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.—  (16,518) —  —  —  (86) (16,604) 
Restricted stock surrenderRestricted stock surrender(8) —  —  —  —  —  (8) Restricted stock surrender(12) —  —  —  —  —  (12) 
Stock-based compensationStock-based compensation458  —  —  —  —  —  458  Stock-based compensation383  —  —  —  —  —  383  
Dividends paidDividends paid—  —  —  —  —  (480) (480) 
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of taxOther comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax—  —  (257) 973  780  251  1,747  Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax—  —  (1,925) (1,701) 1,428  (19) (2,217) 
Balance, September 30, 2018$474,221  $(211,741) $(18,075) $(31,241) $(716) $15,707  $228,155  
Balance, September 30, 2019Balance, September 30, 2019469,736  (302,199) (24,334) (38,139) (817) 7,388  111,635  
Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.—  (21,993) —  —  —  (453) (22,446) 
Stock-based compensationStock-based compensation242  —  —  —  —  —  242  
See "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements"
Purchase of noncontrolling interests in a subsidiaryPurchase of noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary(528) —  33  —  —  (426) (921) 
Other comprehensive income, net of taxOther comprehensive income, net of tax—  —  1,789  1,111  576  48  3,524  
Balance, December 31, 2019Balance, December 31, 2019$469,450  $(324,192) $(22,512) $(37,028) $(241) $6,557  $92,034  



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Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Statements of Consolidated Stockholders' Equity
(Unaudited)
Attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
(in thousands)Common
Stock
Retained
Deficit
Currency Translation AdjustmentPensions,
Net of Tax
Loss on Derivatives, Net of TaxNoncontrolling
Interests
Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance, March 31, 2018$473,476  $(156,348) $(12,682) $(32,580) $—  $10,962  $282,828  
Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.—  (759) —  —  —  (654) (1,413) 
Stock-based compensation295  —  —  —  —  —  295  
Purchase of investment in subsidiary—  —  —  —  —  5,531  5,531  
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax—  —  (5,136) 366  (1,496) (175) (6,441) 
Balance, June 30, 2018473,771  (157,107) (17,818) (32,214) (1,496) 15,664  280,800  
Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.—  (54,634) —  —  —  (208) (54,842) 
Restricted stock surrender(8) —  —  —  —  —  (8) 
Stock-based compensation458  —  —  —  —  —  458  
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax—  —  (257) 973  780  251  1,747  
Balance, September 30, 2018474,221  (211,741) (18,075) (31,241) (716) 15,707  228,155  
Net (loss) income attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.—  (5,095) —  —  —  93  (5,002) 
Restricted stock surrender(20) —  —  —  —  —  (20) 
Stock-based compensation402  —  —  —  —  —  402  
Dividends paid—  —  —  —  —  (390) (390) 
Impact of adoption of ASU 2018-02—  2,931  —  (2,931) —  —  —  
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax—  —  (1,787) (877) (1,591) (523) (4,778) 
Balance, December 31, 2018$474,603  $(213,905) $(19,862) $(35,049) $(2,307) $14,887  $218,367  
*Amounts may not equal column totals due to rounding
See "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements"





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Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Six Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
(Unaudited)
Six Months Ended September 30,
(in thousands)20192018
Operating Activities:
Net loss$(78,767) $(56,254) 
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization17,595  18,393  
Debt amortization/interest6,155  5,832  
Debt retirement benefit—  (473) 
Gain on foreign currency transactions(2,254) (5,129) 
Restructuring and asset impairment charges119  1,723  
Loss (gain) on sale of property, plant, and equipment(14) (1,627) 
Income from unconsolidated affiliates, net of dividends185  699  
Stock-based compensation812  753  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net(206,646) (386,320) 
Other, net5,040  3,086  
Net cash used by operating activities(257,775) (419,317) 
Investing Activities:
Purchases of property, plant, and equipment(37,272) (21,508) 
Proceeds from sale of property, plant, and equipment694  873  
Collections on beneficial interests on securitized trade receivables127,707  114,212  
Dividend received in excess of cumulative earnings—  2,846  
Payments to acquire controlling interests, net of cash acquired—  (8,692) 
Other, net(202) (546) 
Net cash provided by investing activities90,927  87,185  
Financing Activities:
Net proceeds from short-term borrowings159,870  203,100  
Repayment of long-term borrowings(91) (17,195) 
Debt issuance cost(5,237) (4,945) 
Debt retirement cost—  (45) 
Other, net(480) —  
Net cash provided by financing activities154,062  180,915  
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash(7,341) 2,840  
Decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash(20,127) (148,377) 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period192,043  264,660  
Restricted cash at beginning of period5,767  3,373  
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period$177,683  $119,656  
Other information:
Cash paid for income taxes$11,312  $15,906  
Cash paid for interest63,985  62,790  
Cash received from interest(2,870) (1,200) 
Noncash investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant, and equipment included in accounts payable$3,678  $1,637  
Sales of property, plant, and equipment included in notes receivable1,559  1,430  
Non-cash amounts obtained as a beneficial interest in exchange for transferring
trade receivables in a securitization transaction
108,293  90,896  
See "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements"

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Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
Nine Months Ended December 31,
(in thousands)20192018
Operating Activities:
Net loss$(101,213) $(61,256) 
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization26,003  26,887  
Debt amortization/interest9,356  8,739  
Debt retirement benefit—  (1,754) 
Gain on foreign currency transactions(3,921) (1,220) 
Asset impairment charges260  891  
Gain on sale of property, plant, and equipment(168) (2,155) 
Gain on insurance proceeds received for destroyed buildings—  (6,460) 
Income from unconsolidated affiliates, net of dividends(128) (1,486) 
Bad debt expense—  2,136  
Stock-based compensation1,054  1,155  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net(323,681) (315,113) 
Other, net5,220  11,143  
Net cash used by operating activities(387,218) (338,493) 
Investing Activities:
Purchases of property, plant, and equipment(51,479) (35,327) 
Proceeds from sale of property, plant, and equipment1,844  5,179  
Collections on beneficial interests on securitized trade receivables174,741  171,565  
Loans to unconsolidated affiliates(5,250) —  
Insurance proceeds received for destroyed buildings—  6,460  
Payments to acquire controlling interests, net of cash acquired—  (8,692) 
Other, net(240) (886) 
Net cash provided by investing activities119,616  138,299  
Financing Activities:
Net proceeds from short-term borrowings156,784  173,548  
Repayment of long-term borrowings(91) (25,132) 
Debt issuance cost(5,245) (5,072) 
Purchase of noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary(921) —  
Other, net(480) (459) 
Net cash provided by financing activities150,047  142,885  
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash(5,277) 5,160  
Decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash(122,832) (52,149) 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period192,043  264,660  
Restricted cash at beginning of period5,767  3,373  
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period$74,978  $215,884  
Other information:
Cash paid for income taxes$13,768  $19,650  
Cash paid for interest80,191  81,622  
Cash received from interest(2,839) (2,340) 
Noncash investing activities:
Purchases of property, plant, and equipment included in accounts payable$4,590  $1,501  
Sales of property, plant, and equipment included in notes receivable662  1,473  
Non-cash amounts obtained as a beneficial interest in exchange for transferring
trade receivables in a securitization transaction
151,149  161,943  
See "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements"

-9-


Pyxus International, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(in thousands)

1. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements represent the consolidation of Pyxus International, Inc. (the "Company" or "Pyxus") and all companies that Pyxus directly or indirectly controls, either through majority ownership or otherwise. These condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") for interim information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, allthe normal and recurring adjustments necessary for fair statement of financial position, results of operations, and cash flows at the dates and for the periods presented have been included. All intercompanyIntercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

These condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019. The year-end condensed balance sheet data was derived from the audited financial statements, but does not include all the disclosures required by U.S. GAAP.statements. Due to the seasonal nature of the Company’s business, the results of operations for anya fiscal quarter are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that may be attained for other quarters or a full fiscal year.

Leases
The Company measures right-of-use assets and related lease liabilities based on the present value of remaining lease payments, including in-substance fixed payments, the current payment amount when payments depend on an index or rate (e.g., inflation adjustments, market renewals), and the amount the Company believes is probable to be paid to the lessor under residual value guarantees, when applicable. Lease contracts may include fixed payments for non-lease components, such as maintenance, which are included in the measurement of lease liabilities for certain asset classes based on the Company’s election to combine lease and non-lease components. The Company does not recognize short-term leases on the consolidated balance sheet.

As applicable borrowing rates are not typically implied within the lease arrangements, the Company discounts lease payments based on its estimated incremental borrowing rate at lease commencement, or modification, which is based on the Company’s estimated credit rating, the lease term at commencement, and the contract currency of the lease arrangement.
 
Segments
During the three months ended December 31, 2018, the Company realigned its reportable segments to reflect changes to how the business is managed and results are reviewed by the Company's chief operating decision maker. In connection with the "One Tomorrow Transformation" initiative, the Company changed its organizational structure to support its diversified business lines. Prior to the realignment, the Company assessed financial information based on geographic regions. The Company's diversification efforts have resulted in management placing emphasis on data by business line in addition to the historical focus by geography. As a result of this realignment, the reportable segments now include Leaf - North America, Leaf - Other Regions, and Other Products and Services. Prior-period segment financial information has

Reclassifications
Certain prior period amounts have been revisedreclassified to conform to the current-year presentation.current year presentation of notes receivable, related parties in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, restructuring and asset impairment charges in the condensed consolidated statement of cash flows, and the components within inventory, see "Note 17. Inventories" for more information.


2. New Accounting Standards

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standard Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). Under this guidance, a lessee recognizes assets and liabilities on its balance sheet for most leases, and retains a dual model approach for assessing lease classification and recognizing expense. This guidance requires enhanced disclosures regarding the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leasing arrangements. The FASB subsequently issued updates to provide clarification on specific topics, including adoption guidance, practical expedients, and interim transition disclosure requirements. The Company adopted this guidance during the first quarter beginning April 1, 2019 under the modified retrospective approach, which does not require adjustments to comparative periods or require modified disclosures for those comparative periods. The guidance provides a number of optional practical expedients in transition. The Company elected the package of transition practical expedients. The Company implemented changes to theits accounting policies, systems, and controls to align with the new guidance. There is a material impact on the consolidated balance sheet from
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applying this guidance, which resulted in the recognition of new right-of-use assets of $43,900 and lease liabilities of $42,064 as of April 1, 2019 associated with the Company’s operating leases. The impact on the results of operations, cash flows, and existing debt covenants is not material. The adoption of this guidance requires enhanced disclosures regarding the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from lease arrangements. See "Note 14. Leases" for more information.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 provides financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. This guidance will be adopted using a modified retrospective approach and is effective for the Company on April 1, 2020. The Company is evaluating the effect that adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. ASU 2017-04 simplifies the test for goodwill impairment as it eliminates step 2two of the goodwill impairment test by no longer requiring an entity to compare the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. Upon adoption,Under this new standard, goodwill impairment will beis measured as the excess of the reporting unit's carrying value over fair value, limited to the amount of goodwill. The Company will continue to have the option to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if a quantitative impairment test is needed. This guidance will behas been early adopted by the Company as of December 31, 2019 on a prospective basis and is effective for the Company beginning on April 1, 2020. Early adoption is available and the Company is currently considering whether it will early adopt for its annual goodwill impairment testing.basis. The Company does not expect the adoption of this new accounting standard did not have a material impact on the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. ASU 2016-13 provides financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. Based on the Company's scoping assessment, ASU 2016-13 will primarily impact trade receivables. The adoption of this new accounting standard will be done using a modified retrospective approach, and is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. This new accounting standard will be effective for the Company on April 1, 2023, with early adoption permitted.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20): Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. ASU 2018-14 updates disclosure requirements for defined benefit plans. This guidance will be adopted using a retrospective approach and is effective for the Company on March 31, 2021. The Company is evaluating the effect that adoption of this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.


3. Restricted Cash

The following summarizes the restricted cash balance:

September 30, 2019September 30, 2018March 31, 2019December 31, 2019December 31, 2018March 31, 2019
Compensating balance for short-term borrowings Compensating balance for short-term borrowings  $1,938  $1,256  $1,225  Compensating balance for short-term borrowings  $940  $1,220  $1,225  
Capital investments—  850  —  
Escrow Escrow  2,318  —  2,894  Escrow  1,363  2,314  2,894  
Other Other  904  580  1,648  Other445  3,190  $1,648  
TotalTotal$5,160  $2,686  $5,767  Total$2,748  $6,724  $5,767  

As of September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018, and March 31, 2019, the Company held $0, $340,$2,644, and $1,082, respectively, in the Zimbabwe Real Time Gross Settlement (“RTGS”) Dollar. RTGS is a local currency equivalent that as of September 30,December 31, 2019 was exchanged at a government specified rate of 15.2:16.8:1 with the U.S. Dollar ("USD").


-10--11-


4. Revenue Recognition

The Company derives revenue from contracts with customers, primarily from the sale of processed tobacco and fees charged for processing and related services to the manufacturers of tobacco products. The following disaggregates sales and other operating revenues by the Company's significant revenue streams:

Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
20192018201920182019201820192018
Leaf - North America:Leaf - North America:Leaf - North America:
Product revenueProduct revenue$44,259  $45,988  $75,400  $92,445  Product revenue$39,148  $60,280  $114,548  $152,725  
Processing and other revenuesProcessing and other revenues7,196  7,875  11,005  11,470  Processing and other revenues13,868  17,570  24,873  29,039  
Total sales and other operating revenuesTotal sales and other operating revenues51,455  53,863  86,405  103,915  Total sales and other operating revenues53,016  77,850  139,421  181,764  
Leaf - Other Regions:Leaf - Other Regions:Leaf - Other Regions:
Product revenueProduct revenue306,811  321,086  531,958  544,981  Product revenue293,564  432,423  825,522  977,503  
Processing and other revenuesProcessing and other revenues18,757  17,523  29,380  31,553  Processing and other revenues12,936  9,296  42,316  40,752  
Total sales and other operating revenuesTotal sales and other operating revenues325,568  338,609  561,338  576,534  Total sales and other operating revenues306,500  441,719  867,838  1,018,255  
Other Products and Services:Other Products and Services:Other Products and Services:
Total sales and other operating revenuesTotal sales and other operating revenues5,958  2,404  11,908  5,415  Total sales and other operating revenues3,744  4,918  15,652  10,332  
Total sales and other operating revenuesTotal sales and other operating revenues$382,981  $394,876  $659,651  $685,864  Total sales and other operating revenues$363,260  $524,487  $1,022,911  $1,210,351  

Product revenue is primarily processed tobacco sold to the customer. Processing and other revenues are mainly contracts to process green tobacco owned and provided by the customers. During processing, ownership remains with the customers and the Company is engaged to perform processing services. Other products and services is primarily composed of revenue from the sale of legal cannabis in Canada and e-liquids product revenue.

The following summarizes activity in the allowance for doubtful accounts:

Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
20192018201920182019201820192018
Balance, beginning of periodBalance, beginning of period$(7,250) $(7,257) $(13,381) $(7,055) Balance, beginning of period$(7,242) $(7,324) $(13,381) $(7,055) 
AdditionsAdditions—  (69) —  (362) Additions(5) (1,774) —  (2,136) 
Write-offsWrite-offs  6,139  93  Write-offs—  (15) 6,134  78  
Balance, end of periodBalance, end of period(7,242) (7,324) (7,242) (7,324) Balance, end of period(7,247) (9,113) (7,247) (9,113) 
Trade receivablesTrade receivables209,688  218,258  209,688  218,258  Trade receivables187,651  277,860  187,651  277,860  
Trade receivables, netTrade receivables, net$202,446  $210,934  $202,446  $210,934  Trade receivables, net$180,404  $268,747  $180,404  $268,747  


5. Income Taxes

Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes
As of September 30,December 31, 2019, the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits totaled $11,253,$16,331, of which $8,974$13,122 would impact the Company’s effective tax rate, if recognized. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. As of September 30,December 31, 2019, accrued interest and penalties totaled $1,214$1,235 and $672,$756, respectively. The Company expects to continue accruing interest expense related to the unrecognized tax benefits described above. The Company may be subject to fluctuations in the unrecognized tax benefit due to currency exchange rate movements.

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During the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019, the Company reached an income tax settlement with the Kenyan Revenue Authority for $1,558 for a previously recorded uncertain tax position. In addition, a previous accrual to settle asserted issues for years 2009 to 2016 in Zimbabwe of $964 was reduced by $943$952 to account for the exchange rate impact of the local currency
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equivalent. An existing accrual for transfer pricing issues in Malawi was increased by an additional $2,772 to account for the Company's evolving negotiations with tax authorities. Also, the Company increased an existing accrual related to U.S. transition tax of $931, resulting from changes in accrued tax pools. The U.S. federal net operating loss was reduced to reflect the impacts of certain tax accounting methods on Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income ("GILTI").

The Company does not expect additionalsignificant changes in the amount of its unrecognized tax benefits in the next twelve months but acknowledges circumstances can change due to unexpected developments in the law. In certain jurisdictions, tax authorities have challenged positions taken by the Company that resulted in recognizing benefits that are material to its financial statements. The Company believes it is more likely than not that it will prevail in these situations and accordingly has not recorded liabilities for these positions. The Company expects the challenged positions to be settled at a time greater than twelve months from its balance sheet date.

The Company and its subsidiaries file a U.S. federal consolidated income tax return as well as returns in several U.S. states and a number of foreign jurisdictions. As of September 30,December 31, 2019, the Company’s earliest open tax year for U.S. federal income tax purposes is its fiscal year ended March 31, 2016.2017. The Company's tax attributes from prior periods remain subject to adjustment. Open tax years in state and foreign jurisdictions generally range from three to six years.

Provision for the Three and SixNine Months Ended September 30,December 31, 2019
The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018 was (13.8)%3.9% and (161.1)%226.8%, respectively. The effective tax rate for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018 was (44.3)(30.5)% and (19.5)(65.3)%, respectively. For the three and sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018, the effective rate differed from the USU.S. statutory rate of 21% due to the impact of non-deductible interest, net foreign exchange effects and Subpart F income. The primary differences in the effective tax rates year over yearyear-over-year are the impact of net foreign exchange effects, increases in non-deductible interest, as well as Subpart F income, and variation in expected jurisdictional mix of earnings.

For the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019, the Company's quarterly provision for income taxes has been calculated using the annual effective tax rate method (“AETR method”), which applies an estimated annual effective tax rate to pre-tax income or loss. For the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019, the Company recorded the net tax effects of certain discrete events, which resulted in an income tax benefitexpense of $1,089.$2,252. This discrete income tax benefitexpense primarily related to the impact of changes in uncertain tax positions an adjustment made to the deemed repatriation tax liability as a result of retroactive regulatory guidance issued during the prior quarter, and changes in foreign exchange impacts. Comparable tax expense for the six months ended September 30, 2018 was calculated using the discrete method as allowed under ASC 740-270, Accounting for Income Taxes - Interim Reporting. Using the discrete method, the Company determined current and deferred income tax expense as if the interim period were an annual period, and no discrete events were separately identified.


6. Guarantees

In certain markets, the Company guarantees bank loans to suppliers to finance their crops. Under longer-term arrangements, the Company may also guarantee financing on suppliers’ construction of curing barns or other tobacco production assets. Guaranteed loans are generally repaid concurrent with the delivery of tobacco to the Company. The Company is obligated to repay guaranteed loans should the supplier default. If default occurs, the Company has recourse against its various suppliers and their production assets. The Company also guarantees bank loans of certain unconsolidated subsidiaries in Asia and South America. The following summarizes amounts guaranteed and the fair value of those guarantees:

September 30, 2019September 30, 2018March 31, 2019December 31, 2019December 31, 2018March 31, 2019
Amounts guaranteed (not to exceed)Amounts guaranteed (not to exceed)$120,269  $168,709  $143,298  Amounts guaranteed (not to exceed)$119,342  $176,762  $143,298  
Amounts outstanding under guarantee(1)Amounts outstanding under guarantee(1)48,863  61,904  103,846  Amounts outstanding under guarantee(1)37,624  79,336  103,846  
Fair value of guaranteesFair value of guarantees1,026  1,861  3,714  Fair value of guarantees1,112  2,890  3,714  
Amounts due to local banks on behalf of suppliers and included in accounts payableAmounts due to local banks on behalf of suppliers and included in accounts payable—  —  18,659  Amounts due to local banks on behalf of suppliers and included in accounts payable—  —  18,659  

(1) Of the guarantees outstanding at September 30,December 31, 2019, most expire within one year.



-12--13-


7. Goodwill and Intangibles

The following summarizes the changes in goodwill and other intangible assets:
Six Months Ended September 30, 2019Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019
Weighted Average Remaining Useful LifeBeginning Gross Carrying AmountAdditions
Accumulated Amortization (1)
Impact of Foreign Currency TranslationEnding Intangible Assets, Net Weighted Average Remaining Useful LifeBeginning Gross Carrying AmountAdditions
Accumulated Amortization (1)
Impact of Foreign Currency TranslationEnding Intangible Assets, Net
Intangibles subject to amortization:Intangibles subject to amortization:Intangibles subject to amortization:
Customer relationshipsCustomer relationships9.07 years$63,980  $—  $(31,037) $—  $32,943  Customer relationships8.88 years$63,980  $—  $(32,043) $—  $31,937  
Production and supply contractsProduction and supply contracts2.50 years14,893  —  (11,172) —  3,721  Production and supply contracts2.25 years14,893  —  (11,210) —  3,683  
Internally developed softwareInternally developed software3.70 years19,917  189  (18,660) —  1,446  Internally developed software3.27 years19,917  243  (18,807) —  1,353  
Licenses (2)
Licenses (2)
17.50 years32,284  71  (2,531) 238  30,062  
Licenses (2)
17.26 years32,284  118  (3,010) 648  30,040  
Trade namesTrade names6.50 years500  —  (94) —  406  Trade names6.25 years500  —  (109) —  391  
Intangibles not subject to amortization:Intangibles not subject to amortization:Intangibles not subject to amortization:
GoodwillGoodwill34,336  —  —  86  34,422  Goodwill34,336  —  —  234  34,570  
TotalTotal$165,910  $260  $(63,494) $324  $103,000  Total$165,910  $361  $(65,179) $882  $101,974  
(1) Amortization expense across intangible asset classes for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 was $3,701.$5,386.
(2) Certain of the Company's license intangibles are subject to annual renewal.

Twelve Months Ended March 31, 2019
Weighted Average Remaining Useful LifeBeginning Gross Carrying Amount
Additions (1)
Accumulated Amortization (2)
Impact of Foreign Currency TranslationEnding Intangible Assets, Net
Intangibles subject to amortization:
Customer relationships9.55 years$58,530  $5,450  $(29,027) $—  $34,953  
Production and supply contracts2.93 years14,893  —  (10,668) —  4,225  
Internally developed software3.79 years18,812  1,105  (18,391) —  1,526  
Licenses (3)
18.08 years30,339  2,991  (1,644) (1,046) 30,640  
Trade names7.00 years—  500  (63) —  437  
Intangibles not subject to amortization:
Goodwill (4)
27,546  7,174  —  (384) 34,336  
Total$150,120  $17,220  $(59,793) $(1,430) $106,117  
(1) Additions to goodwill, customer relationships, and trade names relate to the acquisition of Humble Juice.Juice Co., LLC ("Humble Juice"). Additions to licenses relates to Canada's Island Garden ("Figr East,East"), Figr Norfolk, and Alliance One Specialty Products, LLC.
(2) Amortization expense across intangible asset classes for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019 was $7,943.
(3) Certain of the Company's license intangibles are subject to annual renewal.
(4) Goodwill activity relates to the Other Products and Services segment.

The following summarizes the estimated future intangible asset amortization expense:
For Fiscal
Years Ended
For Fiscal
Years Ended
Customer
Relationships
Production
and Supply
Contracts
Internally Developed Software*LicensesTrade NamesTotalFor Fiscal
Years Ended
Customer
Relationships
Production
and Supply
Contracts
Internally Developed Software(1)
LicensesTrade NamesTotal
2020 (excluding the six months ended September 30, 2019$2,011  $1,712  $264  $908  $31  $4,926  
2020 (excluding the nine months ended December 31, 2019)2020 (excluding the nine months ended December 31, 2019)$1,005  $1,674  $137  $462  $16  $3,294  
202120214,022  1,397  391  1,817  63  7,690  20214,022  1,397  435  1,847  63  7,764  
202220224,022  612  318  1,814  63  6,829  20224,022  612  361  1,845  63  6,903  
202320234,022  —  286  1,811  63  6,182  20234,022  —  290  1,841  63  6,216  
202420244,022  —  168  1,811  63  6,064  20244,022  —  130  1,841  63  6,056  
ThereafterThereafter14,844  —  19  21,901  123  36,887  Thereafter14,844  —  —  22,204  123  37,171  
$32,943  $3,721  $1,446  $30,062  $406  $68,578  $31,937  $3,683  $1,353  $30,040  $391  $67,404  
*(1) Estimated amortization expense for the internally developed software is based on costs accumulated as of September 30,December 31, 2019. These estimates will change as new costs are incurred and until the software is placed into service in all locations.


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8. Variable Interest Entities

The Company holds variable interests in multiple entities that primarily procure or process inventory or are securitization entities. These variable interests relate to equity investments, advances, guarantees, and securitized receivables. The Company is not the primary beneficiary of the majority of its variable interests, as it does not have the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the entities due to the entities’ management and board of directorsdirectors' structure. As a result, the majority of these variable interest entities are not consolidated. The Company holds a majority voting interest and is the primary beneficiary of its variable interest in Humble Juice, Co., LLC ("Humble Juice"), a consolidated entity for which the related intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

The following summarizes the Company's financial relationships with its unconsolidated variable interest entities:

September 30, 2019September 30, 2018March 31, 2019December 31, 2019December 31, 2018March 31, 2019
Investment in variable interest entitiesInvestment in variable interest entities$62,468  $57,251  $64,281  Investment in variable interest entities$63,320  $62,156  $64,281  
Advances to variable interest entitiesAdvances to variable interest entities7,486  994  3,273  Advances to variable interest entities11,301  2,817  3,273  
Guaranteed amounts to variable interest entities (not to exceed)Guaranteed amounts to variable interest entities (not to exceed)66,375  73,696  67,027  Guaranteed amounts to variable interest entities (not to exceed)61,566  73,278  67,027  

The Company's investment in and advances to unconsolidated variable interest entities are classified as investments in unconsolidated affiliates and accounts receivable, related parties, respectively, in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company's maximum exposure to loss in these variable interest entities is represented by the investments, advances, guarantees, and the deferred purchase price on the sale of securitized receivables as disclosed in "Note 19. Securitized Receivables".



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9. Segment Information

The Company's operations are managed and reported in ten10 operating segments that are organized by product category and geographic area and aggregated into three3 reportable segments for financial reporting purposes: Leaf - North America, Leaf - Other Regions, and Other Products and Services. These segment groupings are consistent with information used by the chief operating decision maker to assess performance and allocate resources. The types of products and services from which each reportable segment derives its revenues are as follows:

Leaf - North America ships tobacco to manufacturers of cigarettes and other consumer tobacco products around the world. Leaf - North America is more highly concentrated on processing and other activities compared to the rest of the world.

Leaf - Other Regions ships tobacco to manufacturers of cigarettes and other consumer tobacco products around the world. Leaf - Other Regions sells a small amount of processed but un-threshed flue-cured and burley tobacco in loose-leaf and bundle form to certain customers.

Other Products and Services primarily consistsinvolves the sale of cannabis and e-liquid products. Cannabis was legalized for adult use in Canada on October 17, 2018. The cannabis products ofproduced by certain of the Company's subsidiaries have been sold in the Canadian market, primarily to municipally-owned retailers. E-liquids products are sold to consumers via e-commerce platforms and other distribution channels, and retail stores.

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The following summarizes operating results and assets by segment:

Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
20192018201920182019201820192018
Sales and other operating revenues:Sales and other operating revenues:Sales and other operating revenues:
Leaf - North AmericaLeaf - North America$51,455  $53,863  $86,405  $103,915  Leaf - North America$53,016  $77,850  $139,421  $181,764  
Leaf - Other RegionsLeaf - Other Regions325,568  338,609  561,338  576,534  Leaf - Other Regions306,500  441,719  867,838  1,018,255  
Other Products and ServicesOther Products and Services5,958  2,404  11,908  5,415  Other Products and Services3,744  4,918  15,652  10,332  
Total sales and other operating revenuesTotal sales and other operating revenues$382,981  $394,876  $659,651  $685,864  Total sales and other operating revenues$363,260  $524,487  $1,022,911  $1,210,351  
Operating income (loss):Operating income (loss):Operating income (loss):
Leaf - North AmericaLeaf - North America$2,509  $3,579  $3,271  $4,872  Leaf - North America$2,609  $2,870  $5,880  $7,888  
Leaf - Other RegionsLeaf - Other Regions26,475  17,366  33,508  25,020  Leaf - Other Regions25,508  44,133  59,016  70,010  
Other Products and ServicesOther Products and Services(14,521) (8,357) (29,245) (12,614) Other Products and Services(19,974) (7,648) (49,219) (21,265) 
Total operating incomeTotal operating income$14,463  $12,588  $7,534  $17,278  Total operating income$8,143  $39,355  $15,677  $56,633  

September 30, 2019September 30, 2018March 31, 2019December 31, 2019December 31, 2018March 31, 2019
Segment assets:Segment assets:Segment assets:
Leaf - North AmericaLeaf - North America$288,866  $324,186  $243,248  Leaf - North America$319,433  $318,295  $243,248  
Leaf - Other RegionsLeaf - Other Regions1,503,959  1,598,201  1,488,226  Leaf - Other Regions1,408,705  1,598,879  1,488,226  
Other Products and ServicesOther Products and Services186,043  100,664  127,801  Other Products and Services220,909  106,545  127,801  
Total assetsTotal assets$1,978,868  $2,023,051  $1,859,275  Total assets$1,949,047  $2,023,719  $1,859,275  

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10. EarningsLoss Per Share

The following summarizes the computation of earningsloss per share:

Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
(in thousands, except per share data)(in thousands, except per share data)2019201820192018(in thousands, except per share data)2019201820192018
Basic loss per share:Basic loss per share:Basic loss per share:
Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.$(16,518) $(54,634) $(78,315) $(55,392) Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.$(21,993) $(5,095) $(100,308) $(60,487) 
Shares:Shares:Shares:
Weighted average number of shares outstanding(1)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding(1)
9,144  9,051  9,123  9,038  
Weighted average number of shares outstanding(1)
9,166  9,068  9,137  9,048  
Basic loss per shareBasic loss per share$(1.81) $(6.04) $(8.58) $(6.13) Basic loss per share$(2.40) $(0.56) $(10.98) $(6.69) 
Diluted loss per share:Diluted loss per share:Diluted loss per share:
Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.$(16,518) $(54,634) $(78,315) $(55,392) Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.$(21,993) $(5,095) $(100,308) $(60,487) 
Shares:Shares:Shares:
Weighted average number of shares outstanding(1)
Weighted average number of shares outstanding(1)
9,144  9,051  9,123  9,038  
Weighted average number of shares outstanding(1)
9,166  9,068  9,137  9,048  
Plus: Restricted shares issued and shares applicable to stock options and restricted stock units, net of shares assumed to be purchased from proceeds at average market price(2)
Plus: Restricted shares issued and shares applicable to stock options and restricted stock units, net of shares assumed to be purchased from proceeds at average market price(2)
—  —  —  —  
Plus: Restricted shares issued and shares applicable to stock options and restricted stock units, net of shares assumed to be purchased from proceeds at average market price(2)
—  —  —  —  
Adjusted weighted average number of shares outstandingAdjusted weighted average number of shares outstanding9,144  9,051  9,123  9,038  Adjusted weighted average number of shares outstanding9,166  9,068  9,137  9,048  
Diluted loss per shareDiluted loss per share$(1.81) $(6.04) $(8.58) $(6.13) Diluted loss per share$(2.40) $(0.56) $(10.98) $(6.69) 
(1) 785 shares of common stock were owned by a wholly owned subsidiary as of September 30, 2019 and 2018.
(2) All outstanding restricted shares, shares applicable to stock options, and restricted stock units are excluded because their inclusion would have an antidilutive effect on the loss per share. The dilutive shares would have been 20 and 52 for the three months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively and 39 and 59 for the six months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
(1) 785 shares of common stock were owned by a wholly owned subsidiary as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.(1) 785 shares of common stock were owned by a wholly owned subsidiary as of December 31, 2019 and 2018.
(2) Outstanding restricted shares, shares applicable to stock options, and restricted stock units are excluded because their inclusion would have an antidilutive effect on the loss per share. The dilutive shares would have been 10 and 66 for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 28 and 62 for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.(2) Outstanding restricted shares, shares applicable to stock options, and restricted stock units are excluded because their inclusion would have an antidilutive effect on the loss per share. The dilutive shares would have been 10 and 66 for the three months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, and 28 and 62 for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Certain potentially dilutive options were not included in the computation of earningsloss per diluted share because their effect would be antidilutive. Potential common shares are also considered antidilutive in the event of a net loss. The number of potential shares outstanding that were considered antidilutive and that were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings (loss)loss per share, weighted for the portion of the period they were outstanding were as follows:

Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
20192018201920182019201820192018
Antidilutive stock options and other awardsAntidilutive stock options and other awards450  427  430  427  Antidilutive stock options and other awards452  427  450  427  
Antidilutive stock options and other awards under stock-based compensation programs excluded based on reporting a net loss for the periodAntidilutive stock options and other awards under stock-based compensation programs excluded based on reporting a net loss for the period—  —  —  —  Antidilutive stock options and other awards under stock-based compensation programs excluded based on reporting a net loss for the period—  —  —  —  
Total common stock equivalents excluded from diluted loss per shareTotal common stock equivalents excluded from diluted loss per share450  427  430  427  Total common stock equivalents excluded from diluted loss per share452  427  450  427  
Weighted average exercise priceWeighted average exercise price$56.98  $60.00  $59.63  $60.00  Weighted average exercise price$56.66  $60.00  $56.98  $60.00  


11. Stock-Based Compensation

The following summarizes the Company's stock-based compensation expense related to awards granted under its various employee and non-employee stock incentive plans:
Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
(in thousands)(in thousands)2019201820192018(in thousands)2019201820192018
Stock-based compensation expense Stock-based compensation expense  $383  $458  $812  $753  Stock-based compensation expense  $242  $402  $1,054  $1,155  
Stock-based compensation expense payable in cashStock-based compensation expense payable in cash—  —  —  —  Stock-based compensation expense payable in cash—  —  —  —  

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The following summarizes the Company's stock-based compensation awards:
Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
(in thousands, except grant date fair value)(in thousands, except grant date fair value)2019201820192018(in thousands, except grant date fair value)2019201820192018
Restricted stockRestricted stockRestricted stock
Number grantedNumber granted15   28  13  Number granted11  13  39  26  
Grant date fair valueGrant date fair value$13.08  $23.00  $14.14  $19.63  Grant date fair value$8.94  $11.86  $12.41  $17.04  
Restricted stock unitsRestricted stock unitsRestricted stock units
Number grantedNumber granted—  —   61  Number granted—    66  
Grant date fair valueGrant date fair value$—  $—  $18.29  $16.00  Grant date fair value$—  $14.32  $18.29  $15.94  
Performance-based stock unitsPerformance-based stock unitsPerformance-based stock units
Number grantedNumber granted—  —  —  30.00  Number granted—  —  —  30  
Grant date fair valueGrant date fair value$—  $—  $—  $16.00  Grant date fair value$—  $—  $—  $16.00  

Restricted stock units granted during the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 vest ratably over a three-year period.


12. Contingencies and Other Information

Brazilian Tax Credits
The government in the Brazilian State of Parana ("Parana") issued a tax assessment on October 26, 2007 with respect to local intrastate trade tax credits that result primarily from tobacco transferred between states within Brazil. The assessment for intrastate trade tax credits taken is $3,163$3,268 and the total assessment including penalties and interest at September 30,December 31, 2019 is $11,159.$11,598. On March 18, 2014, the government in Brazilian State of Santa Catarina also issued a tax assessment with respect to local intrastate trade tax credits that result primarily from tobacco transferred between states within Brazil. The assessment for intrastate trade tax credits taken is $2,736$2,827 and the total assessment including penalties and interest at September 30,December 31, 2019 is $7,275.$7,551. The Company believes it has properly complied with Brazilian law and will contest any assessment through the judicial process. Should the Company lose in the judicial process, the loss of the intrastate trade tax credits would have a material impact on the financial statements of the Company.

The Company also has local intrastate trade tax credits in the Brazil State of Rio Grande do Sul and the State of Santa Catarina. These jurisdictions permit the sale or transfer of excess credits to third parties, however approval must be obtained from the tax authorities. The Company has agreements with the state governments regarding the amounts and timing of credits that can be sold. The tax credits have a carrying value of $10,649.$11,313. The intrastate trade tax credits are monitored for impairment in future periods based on market conditions and the Company’s ability to use or sell the tax credits.

In 1969, the Brazilian government created a tax credit program that allowed companies to earn IPI tax credits (“IPI credits”) based on the value of their exports. The government began to phase out this program in 1979, which resulted in numerous lawsuits between taxpayers and the Brazilian government. The Company has a long legal history with respect to credits it earned while the IPI credit program was in effect. In 2001, the Company won a claim related to certain IPI credits it earned between 1983 and 1990. The Brazilian government appealed this decision and numerous rulings and appeals were rendered on behalf of both the government and the Company from 2001 through 2013. Because of this favorable ruling, the Company began to use these earned IPI credits to offset federal taxes in 2004 and 2005, until it received a Judicial Order to suspend the IPI offsetting in 2005. The value of the federal taxes offset in 2004 and 2005 was $24,142 and the Company established a reserve on these credits at the time of offsetting as they were not yet realizable due to the legal uncertainty that existed. Specifically, the Company extinguished other federal tax liabilities using IPI credits and recorded a liability in Pension, Postretirement and Other Long-Term Liabilities to reflect that the credits were not realizable at that time due to the prevalent legal uncertainty. On March 7, 2013, the Brazilian Supreme Court rendered a final decision in favor of the Company that recognized the validity of the IPI credits and secured the Company's right to benefit from the IPI credits earned from March 1983 to October 1990. This final decision expressly stated the Company has the right to the IPI credits. The Company estimates the total amount of the IPI credits to be approximately $94,316 at March 31, 2013. Since the March 2013 ruling definitively (without the government's ability to appeal) granted the Company the ownership of the IPI credits generated between 1983 and 1990, the Company believes the amount of IPI credits that were used to offset other federal taxes in 2004 and 2005 are realizable beyond a reasonable doubt. Accordingly, at March 31, 2013, the Company recorded the $24,142 IPI credits it realized in the Statements of Consolidated Operations in Other Income. No further benefit has been recognized pending the outcome of the judicial procedure to ascertain the final amount as those amounts have not yet been realized.


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Other Matters
On June 7,October 8, 2019, the Company and certainCity of its officers were named as defendants inNew York filed a complaint filed in the United StatesU.S. District Court against 24 e-liquids companies, including the Company’s Humble Juice subsidiary, seeking an injunction to prevent sales of e-cigarette products to residents of New York City without adequate age-verification systems and to prohibit marketing e-cigarettes to New York City residents under the age of 21, as well as statutory damages and compensation to the city for the Eastern Districtcosts of North Carolina. The complaint was brought on behalf of a putative class of investors who purchasedabating underage e-cigarette use. On December 16, 2019, Humble Juice filed its answer to the Company's common stock between June 7, 2018 and November 8, 2018. The complaint allegedcompliant, denying that the defendants violated federal securities laws provisions with respect to fraud and material representations, which purported misconduct was revealed by the Company's November 8, 2018 announcement that sales and other operating revenues for the quarter ended September 30, 2018 had decreased approximately 12% over the prior year quarterit lacked adequate age-verification systems and the announcement on November 9, 2018 byallegations underlying the Securities and Exchange Commission that the Company had settled charges that it had materially misstated its financial statements from 2011 through the second quarter of 2015 dueCity's claim for relief, as well as asserting several affirmative defenses. Humble Juice intends to improper and insufficient accounting, processes and control activities, deferred crop costs, and revenue transactions in Africa. The complaint alleged that members of the purported class were harmed by the decline in the trading price of the Company's common stock on the dates of these announcements. The complaint sought damages in an unspecified amount. On October 31, 2019, the complaint was voluntarily dismissed without prejudice.vigorously defend this matter.

In addition to the above-mentioned matters, certain of the Company’s subsidiaries are involved in other litigation or legal matters incidental to their business activities, including tax matters. While the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company is vigorously defending them and does not currently expect that any of them will have a material adverse effect on its business or financial position. However, should one or more of these matters be resolved in a manner adverse to its current expectation, the effect on the Company’s results of operations for a particular fiscal reporting period could be material.

Asset Retirement Obligations
In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, the Company records all known asset retirement obligations (“ARO”) for which the liability can be reasonably estimated. Currently, it has identified an ARO associated with 1 of its facilities that requires it to restore the land to its initial condition upon vacating the facility. The Company has not recognized a liability under generally accepted accounting principles for this ARO because the fair value of restoring the land at this site cannot be reasonably estimated since the settlement date is unknown at this time. The settlement date is unknown because the land restoration is not required until title is returned to the government, and the Company has no current or future plans to return the title. The Company will recognize a liability in the period in which sufficient information is available to reasonably estimate its fair value.

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13. Debt Arrangements

The following summarizes debt and notes payable:

September 30, 2019December 31, 2019
OutstandingLines andOutstandingLines and
March 31,September 30,LettersInterestMarch 31,December 31,LettersInterest
(in thousands)(in thousands)20192019AvailableRate(in thousands)20192019AvailableRate
Senior secured credit facility:Senior secured credit facility:Senior secured credit facility:
ABL facility (1)
ABL facility (1)
$—  $—  $60,000  — %(2) 
ABL facility (1)
$—  $—  $60,000  — %(2) 
Senior notes:Senior notes:Senior notes:
8.5% senior secured first lien notes due 2021 (3)
8.5% senior secured first lien notes due 2021 (3)
270,883  271,870  —  8.5 %
8.5% senior secured first lien notes due 2021 (3)
270,883  272,369  —  8.5 %
9.875% senior secured second lien notes due 2021 (4)
9.875% senior secured second lien notes due 2021 (4)
627,147  628,918  —  9.9 %
9.875% senior secured second lien notes due 2021 (4)
627,147  629,821  —  9.9 %
Other long-term debtOther long-term debt688  600  —  5.2 %(2) Other long-term debt688  596  —  5.2 %(2) 
Notes payable to banks (5)
Notes payable to banks (5)
428,961  582,379  237,226  7.0 %(2) 
Notes payable to banks (5)
428,961  580,346  258,436  7.1 %(2) 
Total debtTotal debt$1,327,679  $1,483,767  $297,226  Total debt$1,327,679  $1,483,132  $318,436  
Short-termShort-term$428,961  $582,389  Short-term$428,961  $580,346  
Long-term:Long-term:Long-term:
Current portion of long-term debtCurrent portion of long-term debt$332  $319  Current portion of long-term debt$332  $325  
Long-term debtLong-term debt898,386  901,059  Long-term debt898,386  902,461  
$898,718  $901,378  $898,718  $902,786  
Letters of creditLetters of credit$5,399  $6,771  7,141  Letters of credit$5,399  $7,151  5,740  
Total credit availableTotal credit available$304,367  Total credit available$324,176  
(1) As of September 30, 2019, the full amount of the ABL facility was available. Borrowing is permitted under the ABL facility only to the extent that, after consideration of the application of the proceeds of the borrowing, the Company’s unrestricted cash and cash equivalents would not exceed $180 million.
(2) Weighted average rate for the trailing twelve months ended September 30, 2019.
(3) Repayment of $271,870 is net of original issue discount of $975 and unamortized debt issuance of $2,154. Total repayment will be $275,000.
(4) Repayment of $628,918 is net of original issue discount of $3,820 and unamortized debt issuance of $2,949. Total repayment will be $635,686.
(1) As of December 31, 2019, the full amount of the ABL facility was available. Borrowing is permitted under the ABL facility only to the extent that, after consideration of the application of the proceeds of the borrowing, the Company’s unrestricted cash and cash equivalents would not exceed $180 million.(1) As of December 31, 2019, the full amount of the ABL facility was available. Borrowing is permitted under the ABL facility only to the extent that, after consideration of the application of the proceeds of the borrowing, the Company’s unrestricted cash and cash equivalents would not exceed $180 million.
(2) Weighted average rate for the trailing twelve months ended December 31, 2019.(2) Weighted average rate for the trailing twelve months ended December 31, 2019.
(3) Repayment of $272,369 is net of original issue discount of $826 and unamortized debt issuance of $1,805. Total repayment will be $275,000.(3) Repayment of $272,369 is net of original issue discount of $826 and unamortized debt issuance of $1,805. Total repayment will be $275,000.
(4) Repayment of $629,821 is net of original issue discount of $3,328 and unamortized debt issuance of $2,537. Total repayment will be $635,686.(4) Repayment of $629,821 is net of original issue discount of $3,328 and unamortized debt issuance of $2,537. Total repayment will be $635,686.
(5) Primarily foreign seasonal lines of credit.(5) Primarily foreign seasonal lines of credit.(5) Primarily foreign seasonal lines of credit.

ABL Facility
The ABL credit agreement restricts the Company from paying dividends during the term of this facility subject to the satisfaction of specified financial ratios. In addition, the indentures governing the Company's outstanding 8.5% senior secured first lien notes due 2021 and its outstanding 9.875% senior secured second lien notes due 2021 contain similar restrictions, subject to certain exceptions and alsobaskets, that prohibit the payment of dividends and other distributions if the Company fails to satisfy a ratio of consolidated EBITDA to fixed charges of at least 2.0 to 1.0. As of September 30,December 31, 2019, the Company did not satisfy this fixed charge coverage ratio. The Company may not satisfy this ratio from time to time and failure to meet this fixed charge coverage ratio does not constitute an event of default.

ABL Facility
The ABL credit agreement restricts the Company from paying dividends during the term of this facility subject to the satisfaction of specified financial ratios.

14. Leases

The Company has operating leases for land, buildings, automobiles, and other equipment that expire at various dates through 2040. Leases for real estate generally have initial terms ranging from 2 to 15 years, excluding renewal options. Leases for equipment typically have initial terms ranging from 2 to 5 years excluding renewal options. Most leases have fixed rentals, with many of the real estate leases requiring additional payments for real estate taxes. These lease terms may include optional renewals, terminations or purchases, which are considered in the Company’s assessments when such options are reasonably certain to be exercised.

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The following summarizes weighted-average information associated with the measurement of remaining operating lease as of September 30,December 31, 2019:

Weighted-average remaining lease term5.35.2 years
Weighted-average discount rate10.1%9.6%  

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The following summarizes lease costs for operating leases:

Three Months EndedSix Months EndedThree Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30, 2019December 31, 2019
Operating lease costsOperating lease costs$4,111  $8,299  Operating lease costs$4,268  $12,567  
Variable and short-term lease costsVariable and short-term lease costs1,791  3,259  Variable and short-term lease costs1,830  5,089  
Total lease costs Total lease costs$5,902  $11,558   Total lease costs$6,098  $17,656  

The following summarizes supplemental cash flow information related to cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:

Three Months EndedSix Months EndedThree Months EndedNine Months Ended
September 30, 2019December 31, 2019
Operating cash flows impact - operating leasesOperating cash flows impact - operating leases$4,673  $8,813  Operating cash flows impact - operating leases$3,051  $11,864  
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating leasesRight-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating leases2,815  4,393  Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating leases1,111  5,504  

The following reconciles maturities of operating lease liabilities to the lease liabilities reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30,December 31, 2019:

2020 (excluding the six months ended September 30, 2019)$10,115  
2020 (excluding the nine months ended December 31, 2019)2020 (excluding the nine months ended December 31, 2019)$4,458  
2021202113,654  202113,452  
2022202210,504  202210,741  
202320236,733  20236,904  
202420245,572  20245,662  
ThereafterThereafter12,392  Thereafter12,545  
Total future minimum lease paymentsTotal future minimum lease payments58,970  Total future minimum lease payments53,762  
Less: amounts related to imputed interestLess: amounts related to imputed interest15,910  Less: amounts related to imputed interest11,523  
Present value of future minimum lease paymentsPresent value of future minimum lease payments43,060  Present value of future minimum lease payments42,239  
Less: operating lease liabilities, currentLess: operating lease liabilities, current14,492  Less: operating lease liabilities, current14,033  
Operating lease liabilities, non-currentOperating lease liabilities, non-current$28,568  Operating lease liabilities, non-current$28,206  

The Company continuously monitors and may negotiate contract amendments that include extensions or modifications to existing leases. The following presents the future minimum rental commitments under noncancelable operating leases as of March 31, 2019:

2020 (excluding the six months ended September 30, 2019)$15,651  
20202020$15,651  
2021202110,554  202110,554  
202220228,483  20228,483  
202320236,735  20236,735  
202420245,356  20245,356  
ThereafterThereafter7,324  Thereafter7,324  
Total Total$54,103   Total$54,103  

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15. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company uses forward or option currency contracts to protect against volatility associated with certain non-U.S. dollar denominated forecasted transactions. These contracts are for green tobacco purchases, processing costs, and selling, general, and administrative costs. As of September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018, accumulated other comprehensive loss includes $817$241 and $716,$2,307, net of tax of $478$64 and $190,$613, for unrealized losses related to designated cash flow hedges, respectively. The Company recorded
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losses of $1,809$729 and $2,460$3,189 in its cost of goods and services sold for the three and sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019, respectively. There were noThe Company recorded a current derivative assets or liabilitiesasset of $1,029 as of September 30, 2019 andDecember 31, 2018, included in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. There were no0 derivatives contracts outstanding as of September 30,December 31, 2019.


16. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits

The following summarizes the components of net periodic benefit cost:
Pension Benefits
Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,
2019201820192018
Operating expenses:
Service cost$117  $120  $235  $240  
Interest expense:
Interest expense1,029  1,155  2,059  2,309  
Expected return on plan assets(1,121) (1,286) (2,242) (2,572) 
Amortization of prior service cost10  11  21  21  
Settlement loss(1)
548  518  548  518  
Actuarial loss456  422  912  845  
Net periodic pension cost$1,039  $940  $1,533  $1,361  
(1) During the three and six months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018, the Company's cash payments activity triggered settlement accounting. Settlement losses are recorded in interest expense.

Pension Benefits
Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
2019201820192018
Operating expenses:
Service cost$117  $120  $352  $359  
Interest expense:
Interest expense1,029  1,155  3,088  3,464  
Expected return on plan assets(1,121) (1,286) (3,363) (3,858) 
Amortization of prior service cost10  11  31  32  
Settlement loss(1)
271  91  819  609  
Actuarial loss456  422  1,368  1,267  
Net periodic pension cost$762  $513  $2,295  $1,873  
(1) During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company's cash payments activity triggered settlement accounting. Settlement losses are recorded in interest expense.

Other Postretirement BenefitsOther Postretirement Benefits
Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
20192018201920182019201820192018
Operating expenses:Operating expenses:Operating expenses:
Service costService cost$ $ $ $ Service cost$ $ $ $11  
Interest expense:Interest expense:Interest expense:
Interest expenseInterest expense82  83  164  166  Interest expense82  83  246  248  
Amortization of prior service costAmortization of prior service cost(177) (177) (354) (355) Amortization of prior service cost(177) (177) (531) (532) 
Actuarial lossActuarial loss109  109  219  219  Actuarial loss109  109  328  328  
Net periodic pension costNet periodic pension cost$16  $19  $32  $37  Net periodic pension cost$16  $19  $48  $55  

The following summarizes contributions to pension plans and postretirement health and life insurance benefits:

Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
20192018201920182019201820192018
Contributions made during the periodContributions made during the period$1,615  $1,902  $3,180  $3,491  Contributions made during the period$1,277  $1,399  $4,457  $4,890  
Contributions expected for the remainder of the fiscal yearContributions expected for the remainder of the fiscal year3,942  3,756  Contributions expected for the remainder of the fiscal year2,665  2,357  
TotalTotal$7,122  $7,247  Total$7,122  $7,247  


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17. Inventories

Inventories consist of the following:

September 30, 2019September 30, 2018March 31, 2019December 31, 2019December 31, 2018March 31, 2019
Processed tobaccoProcessed tobacco$613,120  $725,225  $455,303  Processed tobacco$703,124  $698,092  $455,163  
Unprocessed tobaccoUnprocessed tobacco170,043  207,580  186,108  Unprocessed tobacco116,456  107,206  183,607  
Other tobacco relatedOther tobacco related20,960  19,771  26,385  
Other(1)
Other(1)
19,396  21,887  26,760  
Other(1)
31,310  2,713  3,016  
TotalTotal$802,559  $954,692  $668,171  Total$871,850  $827,782  $668,171  
(1) Includes inventory from the other products and services segment.
(1) Represents inventory from the other products and services segment.(1) Represents inventory from the other products and services segment.

18. Other Comprehensive Loss

The changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss and the related tax effect are due to pension and other postretirement benefits and derivatives activity and reclassifications to the condensed consolidated statements of operations, as shown on the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. The following summarizes pension and other postretirement benefits and derivatives that were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to interest expense and cost of goods and services sold within the condensed consolidated statement of operations:

Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Affected Line Item in the CondensedThree Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,Affected Line Item in the Condensed Consolidated
2019201820192018Consolidated Statements of Operations2019201820192018Statements of Operations
Pension and other postretirement benefits*:Pension and other postretirement benefits*:Pension and other postretirement benefits*:
Actuarial lossActuarial loss$560  $533  $1,120  $1,066  Actuarial loss$560  $534  $1,680  $1,601  
Amortization of prior service costAmortization of prior service cost(165) (167) (330) (334) Amortization of prior service cost(165) (167) (495) (502) 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income, grossAmounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income, gross395  366  790  732  Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income, gross395  367  1,185  1,099  
Tax effects of amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net incomeTax effects of amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income(84) (164) (168) (164) Tax effects of amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income(83) (82) (251) (246) 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income, netAmounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income, net$311  $202  $622  $568  Interest expense  Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income, net$312  $285  $934  $853  Interest expense  
Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Affected Line Item in the CondensedThree Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,Affected Line Item in the Condensed Consolidated
2019201820192018Consolidated Statements of Operations2019201820192018Statements of Operations
Derivatives:Derivatives:Derivatives:
Losses reclassified to cost of goods soldLosses reclassified to cost of goods sold$1,809  $569  $2,460  $987  Losses reclassified to cost of goods sold$729  $458  $3,189  $1,445  
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income, grossAmounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income, gross1,809  569  2,460  987  Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income, gross729  458  3,189  1,445  
Tax effects of amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net incomeTax effects of amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income(379) (119) (516) (207) Tax effects of amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income(153) (96) (669) (303) 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income, netAmounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income, net$1,430  $450  $1,944  $780  Cost of goods and services sold  Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income, net$576  $362  $2,520  $1,142  Cost of goods and services sold  
*Amounts are included in net periodic benefit costs for pension and other postretirement benefits. See "Note 16. Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits" for additional information.

-22--23-


19. Securitized Receivables

The Company sells trade receivables to unaffiliated financial institutions under 23 accounts receivable securitization facilities. Under the first facility, the Company continuously sells a designated pool of trade receivables to a special purpose entity, which sells 100% of the receivables to an unaffiliated financial institution. As of September 30,December 31, 2019, the investment limit under the first facility was $125,000 of trade receivables. Under the second facility,and third facilities, the Company offers receivables for sale to an unaffiliated financial institution,institutions, which are then subject to acceptance by the unaffiliated financial institution.institutions. As of September 30,December 31, 2019, the investment limit under the second facility was $125,000 of trade receivables. As of December 31, 2019, the investment limit under the third facility was variable based on qualifying sales.

As the servicer of these facilities, the Company may receive funds that are due to the unaffiliated financial institutions, which are net settled on the next settlement date. As a result of the net settlement, trade and other receivables, net in the condensed consolidated balance sheets has been reduced by $12,446, $5,328,$7,504 and $5,208 as of September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018, and March 31, 2019, respectively.respectively, and increased by $78 as of December 31, 2018.

The following summarizes the accounts receivable securitization information:

September 30,March 31,
201920182019
Receivables outstanding in facility$126,006  $81,171  $210,672  
Beneficial interests25,579  17,512  40,332  
Servicing liability23  —  90  
Cash proceeds for the six months ended:
Cash purchase price$228,072  $243,546  $672,333  
Deferred purchase price127,707  114,212  242,966  
Service fees237  303  576  
Total$356,016  $358,061  $915,875  
December 31,March 31,
201920182019
Receivables outstanding in facility$69,741  $92,445  $210,672  
Beneficial interests14,385  24,659  40,332  
Servicing liability 26  90  

Nine Months Ended December 31,
20192018
Cash proceeds for the period ended:
Cash purchase price$331,187  $416,526  
Deferred purchase price174,741  171,565  
Service fees355  435  
Total$506,283  $588,526  

20. Fair Value Measurements

The following summarizes the financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis: 

September 30, 2019September 30, 2018March 31, 2019December 31, 2019December 31, 2018March 31, 2019
TotalTotalTotalTotalTotalTotal
Level 2Level 3at Fair ValueLevel 2Level 3at Fair ValueLevel 2Level 3at Fair ValueLevel 2Level 3at Fair ValueLevel 2Level 3at Fair ValueLevel 2Level 3at Fair Value
Financial Assets:Financial Assets:Financial Assets:
Derivative financial instrumentsDerivative financial instruments$—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $—  $186  $—  $186  Derivative financial instruments$—  $—  $—  $1,029  $—  $1,029  $186  $—  $186  
Securitized beneficial interestsSecuritized beneficial interests—  25,579  25,579  —  17,512  17,512  —  40,332  40,332  Securitized beneficial interests—  14,385  14,385  —  24,659  24,659  —  40,332  40,332  
Total assetsTotal assets$—  $25,579  $25,579  $—  $17,512  $17,512  $186  $40,332  $40,518  Total assets$—  $14,385  $14,385  $1,029  $24,659  $25,688  $186  $40,332  $40,518  
Financial Liabilities:Financial Liabilities:Financial Liabilities:
Long-term debtLong-term debt$688,431  $615  $689,046  $897,264  $706  $897,970  $830,082  $703  $830,785  Long-term debt$558,401  $620  $559,021  $742,047  $708  $742,755  $830,082  $703  $830,785  
GuaranteesGuarantees—  1,026  1,026  —  1,861  1,861  —  3,714  3,714  Guarantees—  1,112  1,112  —  2,890  2,890  —  3,714  3,714  
Total liabilitiesTotal liabilities$688,431  $1,641  $690,072  $897,264  $2,567  $899,831  $830,082  $4,417  $834,499  Total liabilities$558,401  $1,732  $560,133  $742,047  $3,598  $745,645  $830,082  $4,417  $834,499  

Level 2 measurements
Debt: The fair value of debt is based on the market price for similar financial instruments or model-derived valuations with observable inputs. The primary inputs to the valuation include market expectations, the Company's credit risk, and the contractual terms of the debt instrument.
Derivatives: The fair value of derivatives is determined using the discounted cash flow analysis of the expected future cash flows. The primary inputs to the valuation include forward yield curves, implied volatilities, LIBOR rates, and credit valuation adjustments.

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Level 3 measurements
Guarantees: The fair value of guarantees is determined using the discounted cash flow analysis of the expected future cash flows or historical loss rates. The primary inputs to the discounted cash flow analysis include market interest rates ranging between 15.0% to 75.8% and the Company’s historical loss rates ranging between 2.2% to 10.0% as of September 30,December 31, 2019. The historical loss rate was weighted by the principal balance of the loans.
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Securitized beneficial interests: The fair value of securitized beneficial interests is determined using the present value of future expected cash flows. The primary inputs to this valuation include payment speeds of 6577 to 7380 days and discount rates of 3.5%1.7% to 4.6%4.3% as of September 30,December 31, 2019. The discount rate was weighted by the outstanding interest. Payment speed was weighted by the average days outstanding.

The following summarizes the reconciliation of changes in Level 3 instruments measured on a recurring basis:

Three Months Ended September 30, 2019Six Months Ended September 30, 2019Three Months Ended December 31, 2019Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019
Securitized Beneficial InterestsGuaranteesSecuritized Beneficial InterestsGuaranteesSecuritized Beneficial InterestsGuaranteesSecuritized Beneficial InterestsGuarantees
Beginning balanceBeginning balance$14,648  $3,136  $40,332  $3,714  Beginning balance$25,579  $1,026  $40,332  $3,714  
Issuances of sales of receivables/guaranteesIssuances of sales of receivables/guarantees61,411  553  108,293  845  Issuances of sales of receivables/guarantees42,857  478  151,150  1,323  
SettlementsSettlements(49,219) (2,650) (120,842) (3,529) Settlements(53,158) (408) (174,000) (3,937) 
(Losses) gains recognized in earnings(Losses) gains recognized in earnings(1,261) (13) (2,204) (4) (Losses) gains recognized in earnings(893) 16  (3,097) 12  
Ending balanceEnding balance$25,579  $1,026  $25,579  $1,026  Ending balance$14,385  $1,112  $14,385  $1,112  

Three Months Ended September 30, 2018Six Months Ended September 30, 2018Three Months Ended December 31, 2018Nine Months Ended December 31, 2018
Securitized Beneficial InterestsGuaranteesSecuritized Beneficial InterestsGuaranteesSecuritized Beneficial InterestsGuaranteesSecuritized Beneficial InterestsGuarantees
Beginning balanceBeginning balance$17,736  $3,544  $48,715  $5,864  Beginning balance$17,512  $1,861  $48,715  $5,864  
Issuances of sales of receivables/guaranteesIssuances of sales of receivables/guarantees42,210  1,160  90,896  1,403  Issuances of sales of receivables/guarantees71,047  1,585  161,943  2,988  
SettlementsSettlements(41,467) (2,839) (121,018) (5,540) Settlements(62,432) (569) (183,450) (6,109) 
(Losses) gains recognized in earnings(Losses) gains recognized in earnings(967) (4) (1,081) 134  (Losses) gains recognized in earnings(1,468) 13  (2,549) 147  
Ending balanceEnding balance$17,512  $1,861  $17,512  $1,861  Ending balance$24,659  $2,890  $24,659  $2,890  

For the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018, the impact to earnings attributable to the change in unrealized losses on securitized beneficial interests were $926$691 and $623,$643, respectively.


21. Related Party Transactions

The Company engages in transactions with related parties primarily for the procuring and processing of inventory. The following summarizes sales and purchases with related parties:

Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
20192018201920182019201820192018
SalesSales$6,273  $6,873  $13,777  $13,763  Sales$1,535  $475  $15,312  $14,238  
PurchasesPurchases33,781  21,042  55,136  52,503  Purchases41,116  46,281  96,252  98,784  

The Company’s accounts receivable, notes receivable, and accounts payable balances with related parties, as presented on the consolidated balance sheets, relate to transactions with equity method investments located in Asia, South America, North America, and Europe which grow, purchase, process, and sell tobacco, hemp, or produce consumable e-liquids.

-24--25-


22. Equity Method Investments

The following summarizes the Company's equity method investments as of September 30,December 31, 2019:

Entity NameEntity NameLocationPrimary PurposeThe Company's Ownership PercentageBasis DifferenceEntity NameLocationPrimary PurposeThe Company's Ownership PercentageBasis Difference
Adams International Ltd.Adams International Ltd.Thailand  purchase and process tobacco  49 %—  Adams International Ltd.Thailand  purchase and process tobacco  49 %—  
Alliance One Industries India Private Ltd.Alliance One Industries India Private Ltd.India  purchase and process tobacco  49 %—  Alliance One Industries India Private Ltd.India  purchase and process tobacco  49 %—  
China Brasil Tobacos Exportadora SAChina Brasil Tobacos Exportadora SABrazil  purchase and process tobacco  49 %6,189  China Brasil Tobacos Exportadora SABrazil  purchase and process tobacco  49 %5,841  
Criticality LLCCriticality LLCU.S.  extraction of cannabidiol from industrial hemp  40 %897  Criticality LLCU.S.  extraction of cannabidiol from industrial hemp  40 %881  
Nicotine River, LLCNicotine River, LLCU.S.  produce consumable e-liquids  40 %1,964  Nicotine River, LLCU.S.  produce consumable e-liquids  40 %1,902  
Oryantal Tütün Paketleme Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.Oryantal Tütün Paketleme Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.Turkey  process tobacco  50 %—  Oryantal Tütün Paketleme Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.Turkey  process tobacco  50 %—  
Purilum, LLCPurilum, LLCU.S.  produce flavor formulations and consumable e-liquids  50 %—  Purilum, LLCU.S.  produce flavor formulations and consumable e-liquids  50 %—  
Siam Tobacco Export CompanySiam Tobacco Export CompanyThailand  purchase and process tobacco  49 %—  Siam Tobacco Export CompanyThailand  purchase and process tobacco  49 %—  

The following summarizes financial information for these equity method investments for the three and six months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018:investments:
Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
20192018201920182019201820192018
Operations statement:Operations statement:Operations statement:
SalesSales$149,137  $45,981  $195,370  $93,207  Sales$61,515  $128,731  $256,885  $221,938  
Gross profitGross profit25,266  9,059  34,773  16,826  Gross profit9,462  20,705  44,235  37,531  
Net incomeNet income11,993  3,532  15,093  5,576  Net income1,506  10,433  16,599  16,009  
Company's dividends receivedCompany's dividends received480  5,556  6,574  5,556  Company's dividends received267  —  6,841  5,556  

September 30,December 31,
20192018March 31, 201920192018March 31, 2019
Balance sheet:Balance sheet:Balance sheet:
Current assetsCurrent assets$259,980  $241,119  $152,661  Current assets$166,989  $235,951  $152,661  
Property, plant, and equipment and other assetsProperty, plant, and equipment and other assets54,698  47,044  53,103  Property, plant, and equipment and other assets57,320  52,233  53,103  
Current liabilitiesCurrent liabilities195,834  185,386  89,791  Current liabilities103,622  174,688  89,791  
Long-term obligations and other liabilitiesLong-term obligations and other liabilities4,693  3,993  3,222  Long-term obligations and other liabilities6,054  3,320  3,222  

Of the amounts presented above, the following summarizes financial information for China Brasil Tobacos Exportadora SA ("CBT") for the three and six months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018::

Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
20192018201920182019201820192018
Operations statement:Operations statement:Operations statement:
SalesSales$118,043  $14,845  $136,434  $38,081  Sales$22,521  $78,405  $158,955  $116,486  
Gross profitGross profit19,809  2,373  22,021  5,979  Gross profit3,338  13,492  25,359  19,471  
Net incomeNet income10,924  940  10,888  1,720  Net income1,041  8,918  11,929  10,638  
Net income attributable to CBTNet income attributable to CBT5,353  461  5,335  843  Net income attributable to CBT510  4,370  5,845  5,213  


-25--26-


23. Restructuring and Asset Impairment Charges

The Company announced a cost-saving initiative and restructuring plan to re-purpose its Argentinian subsidiary for storage and special projects during the quarter ended December 31, 2019, with tobacco processing to be provided by a third party going forward. Total costs related to severance for affected employees, and impairment and other one-time costs associated with fixed assets are estimated to be $4,300 and $141, respectively, and are expected to be incurred by March 31, 2020. For the three months ended December 31, 2019, the Company incurred $621 and $141 for severance and impairment related charges, respectively.

During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, the Company incurred costs associated with the closure of a processing facility in the Leaf - Other Regions segment in order to process tobacco in the affected area under a third-party processing arrangement going forward, the consolidation of the Company's U.S. green tobacco processing operations into its Wilson, North Carolina facility, and the re-purposing of its Farmville, North Carolina facility for storage and special projects.

The following summarizes the Company's restructuring and asset impairment charges:
Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
20192018201920182019201820192018
Employee separation chargesEmployee separation charges$ $179  $101  $1,377  Employee separation charges$531  $1,122  $632  $2,499  
Asset impairment and other non-cash chargesAsset impairment and other non-cash charges—   119  346  Asset impairment and other non-cash charges141  545  260  891  
Restructuring and asset impairment chargesRestructuring and asset impairment charges$ $182  $220  $1,723  Restructuring and asset impairment charges$672  $1,667  $892  $3,390  

The following summarizes the activity in the restructuring accrual for employee separation and other cash charges recorded in the Company's Leaf - North America and Leaf - Other Regions segments:
Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
20192018201920182019201820192018
Leaf - North America  Leaf - Other Regions  Leaf - North America  Leaf - Other Regions  Leaf - North America  Leaf - Other Regions  Leaf - North America  Leaf - Other Regions  Leaf - North America  Leaf - Other Regions  Leaf - North America  Leaf - Other Regions  Leaf - North America  Leaf - Other Regions  Leaf - North America  Leaf - Other Regions  
Beginning balanceBeginning balance$817  $214  $247  $1,058  $1,621  $222  $—  $107  Beginning balance$266  $214  $107  $889  $1,621  $222  $—  $107  
Period chargesPeriod charges—   —  179   93  247  1,130  Period charges—  531  892  230   624  1,139  1,360  
PaymentsPayments(551) (8) (140) (348) (1,363) (101) (140) (348) Payments(251) (646) (73) (328) (1,614) (747) (213) (676) 
Ending balanceEnding balance$266  $214  $107  $889  $266  $214  $107  $889  Ending balance$15  $99  $926  $791  $15  $99  $926  $791  

The following summarizes the asset impairment and other non-cash charges forrecorded in the Company's Leaf - North America and Leaf - Other Regions segments:
Three Months Ended September 30,Six Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,Nine Months Ended December 31,
20192018201920182019201820192018
Leaf - North AmericaLeaf - North America$—  $—  $—  $—  Leaf - North America$—  $545  $—  $545  
Leaf - Other RegionsLeaf - Other Regions—   119  346  Leaf - Other Regions141  —  260  346  
TotalTotal$—  $ $119  $346  Total$141  $545  $260  $891  

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24. Subsequent Events

On October 15, 2019, a wholly owned Canadian subsidiary of the Company acquired an additional 1.2% equity position in Canada’s Island Garden Inc. ("Figr East") for approximately Canadian Dollars 1.2 million, increasing that subsidiary's ownership level to 94.3%.

On October 8, 2019, the City of New York filed a complaint in U.S. District Court against 24 e-liquids companies, including the Company’s Humble Juice subsidiary, seeking an injunction to prevent sales of e-cigarette products to residents of New York City without adequate age-verification systems and to prohibit marketing e-cigarettes to New York City residents under the age of 21, as well as statutory damages and compensation to the city for the costs of abating underage e-cigarette use. The Company is currently evaluating the complaint.
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Results of Operations

Overview
At Pyxus, we believe everything we do is to transform people’s lives so that together we can grow a better world. Pyxus provides responsibly produced, independently verified, and traceable agricultural products, ingredients and services to businesses and customers. Headquartered in the Research Triangle Park region of North Carolina, we contract with growers across five continents to help them produce sustainable, compliant crops.

Historically, Pyxus’ core business has been as a tobacco leaf merchant, purchasing, processing, packing, storing, and shipping tobacco to manufacturers of cigarettes and other consumer tobacco products throughout the world. Through our predecessor companies, we have a long operating history in the leaf tobacco industry with some customer relationships beginning in the early 1900s. In an increasing number of markets, we also provide agronomy expertise for growing leaf tobacco. Our contracted tobacco grower base often produces a significant volume of non-tobacco crop utilizing the agronomic assistance that our team provides. Pyxus is working to find markets for these crops as part of our ongoing efforts to improve farmer livelihoods and the communities in which they live.

We are committed to responsible crop production which supports economic viability for the grower, provides a safe working atmosphere for those involved in crop production and minimizes negative environmental impact. Our agronomists maintain frequent contact with growers prior to and during the growing and curing seasons to provide technical assistance to improve the quality and yield of the crop. Throughout the entire production process, from seed through processing and final shipment,seed-to-sale, our SENTRISM traceability system provides clear visibility into how products are produced throughout the supply chain, supporting product integrity.

We are continuing our transformation journey designed to diversify the Company's products and services by leveraging our core strengths in agronomy and traceability. In general, our diversification focuses on products that are value-added and require some degree of processing and playwhich plays well to our strengths, as well as offering higher margin potential than our core tobacco leaf business. To support these business lines, we have broad geographic processing capabilities, a diversified product offering, an established customer base for our core leaf tobacco business, and a growing customer base for our new business lines.base.

Our strategy to transform into a global agricultural company with a significant presence across multiple consumer products categories has enabled us to achieve significant progress in positioning Pyxus to enhance value for our all of our stakeholders. We are committed to driving improved results and we remain focused on strengthening our leaf business while continuing to invest in our new startup business ventures to position them for growth. Additionally, we continue to evaluate and develop the plans for a potential partial monetization of a portion of Pyxus' ownershipinterests in a consolidation of its two majority-owned Canadian cannabis businesses with two of its minority-owned U.S. hempsubsidiaries in the Other Products and e-liquids business in a subsidiary.Services segment, for which plans to date have not progressed as initially anticipated but are continuing to develop, and to address the Company's maturing long-term debt.

We believe our success depends on our ability to drive enhanced value, not only for our shareholders, but for all of our stakeholders. Driven by our united purpose—to transform people's lives, so that together we can grow a better world—we are committed to the execution of our strategy for the benefit of our contracted farmers, employees, customers, affiliates, and shareholders.

Our consolidated operations are managed and reported in ten operating segments that are organized by product category and geographic area and aggregated into three reportable segments for financial reporting purposes: Leaf - North America, Leaf - Other Regions, and Other Products and Services. See "Note 1. Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies" for more information.



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Three Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
Three Months Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018Three Months Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018
Three Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,
ChangeChange
(in millions)(in millions)20192018$%(in millions)20192018$%
Sales and other operating revenuesSales and other operating revenues$383.0  $394.9  $(11.9) (3.0) Sales and other operating revenues$363.3  $524.5  $(161.2) (30.7) 
Cost of goods and services soldCost of goods and services sold322.8  345.7  (22.9) (6.6) Cost of goods and services sold308.1  449.8  (141.7) (31.5) 
Gross profit60.2  49.2  11.0  22.4  
Gross profit*Gross profit*55.1  74.7  (19.6) (26.2) 
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses47.3  39.0  8.3  21.3  Selling, general, and administrative expenses45.9  41.7  4.2  10.1  
Other income, net1.5  2.6  (1.1) (42.3) 
Other (expense) income, netOther (expense) income, net(0.4) 8.0  (8.4) (105.0) 
Restructuring and asset impairment chargesRestructuring and asset impairment charges—  0.2  (0.2) (100.0) Restructuring and asset impairment charges0.7  1.7  (1.0) (58.8) 
Operating income*Operating income*14.5  12.6  1.9  15.1  Operating income*8.1  39.4  (31.3) (79.4) 
Debt retirement benefitDebt retirement benefit—  (0.4) 0.4  100.0  Debt retirement benefit—  (1.3) 1.3  100.0  
Interest expenseInterest expense35.3  35.3  —  —  Interest expense32.2  33.9  (1.7) (5.0) 
Interest incomeInterest income1.4  0.7  0.7  100.0  Interest income0.4  1.0  (0.6) (60.0) 
Income tax expense2.7  34.8  (32.1) (92.2) 
Income tax (benefit) expenseIncome tax (benefit) expense(0.9) 17.4  (18.3) (105.2) 
Income from unconsolidated affiliatesIncome from unconsolidated affiliates5.6  1.6  4.0  250.0  Income from unconsolidated affiliates0.3  4.7  (4.4) (93.6) 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(0.1) (0.2) 0.1  50.0  
Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interestsNet (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests(0.5) 0.1  (0.6) (600.0) 
Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.*Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.*$(16.5) $(54.6) $38.1  69.8  Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.*$(22.0) $(5.1) $(16.9) (331.4) 
* Amounts may not equal column totals due to rounding* Amounts may not equal column totals due to rounding* Amounts may not equal column totals due to rounding

Sales and other operating revenues decreased $11.9$161.2 million or 3.0%30.7% to $383.0$363.3 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $394.9$524.5 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was primarily due to an 11.2%a 27.5% decrease in volume and a 6.9% decrease in average sales prices primarily relatedprices. The decrease in volume was attributable to flue-cured oversupply conditions, the timing of shipments in the Leaf - Other Regions segment in Africa and Asia, and the impact of Hurricane Florence reducing the prior year U.S. crop size (which impacted carryover shipments) and foreign tariffs on U.S. tobacco reducing Leaf - North America segment volumes. The decrease in average sales price was driven by the Leaf - Other Regions segment product mix in Asia and South America having a higherlower concentration of byproducts.lamina in South America.

Cost of goods and services sold decreased $141.7 million or 31.5% to $308.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019 from $449.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018. This decrease was partially offset by the continued sales growth in the Other Products and Services segment and a 7.7% increase in volumes mainly in the Leaf - Other Regions segment due to the timing of shipments in South America, partially offset by lower volumesa decrease in the Leaf - North America and Leaf - Other Regions segment attributable to Hurricane Florence reducing the prior-year U.S. crop sizesales and foreign tariffs on U.S. tobacco.

Cost of goods sold decreased $22.9 million or 6.6% to $322.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 from $345.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2018. This decrease was mainly due toother operating revenues and favorable foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations in the Leaf - Other Regions segment resulting in lower leaf raw materials prices in Africa and South America and a decrease in the Leaf - North America segment sales and other operating revenues. These decreases were partially offset by the continued sales growth in the Other Products and Services segment.America.

Gross profit as a percent of sales increased to 15.7%15.2% for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from 12.5%14.2% for three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This increase was attributable to favorable foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations in the Leaf - Other Regions segment resulting in lower leaf raw materials prices and conversion costs in Africa and South America as well as the continued growth of the Other Products and Services segment.America. This increase was partially offset by higher Leaf - North America and Leaf - Other Region conversion costs from the impact of Hurricane Florence on the prior year U.S. crop.due to lower volumes.

Selling, general, and administrative expense ("SG&A") increased $8.3$4.2 million or 21.3%10.1% to $47.3$45.9 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $39.0$41.7 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. SG&A as a percent of sales increased to 12.3%12.6% for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from 9.9%8.0% for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. These increases were primarily related to branding, marketing, and advertising expenses forto support growth of the Figr cannabinoid and Humble Juice e-liquid brandsbrand and costs incurred in connection with the evaluation ofto evaluate and develop plans for a potential partial monetization of the Company's investmentsinterests in certain businesses includedsubsidiaries in the Other Products and Services segment. These increases were partially offset by current year savings due to restructuring initiatives enacted in the Leaf segments- North America segment in the prior year.

Income tax expense decreased $32.1$18.3 million or 92.2%105.2% to $2.7a $0.9 million benefit for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $34.8a $17.4 million expense for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was primarily due to thea change in the effective tax rate to (13.8)%3.9% for three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from (161.1)%226.8% for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018, and the occurrence of certain discrete items during the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019.

-29-


Leaf - North America Supplemental InformationLeaf - North America Supplemental InformationLeaf - North America Supplemental Information
Three Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,
ChangeChange
(in millions, except per kilo amounts)(in millions, except per kilo amounts)20192018$%(in millions, except per kilo amounts)20192018$%
Kilos soldKilos sold7.6  7.9  (0.3) (3.8) Kilos sold7.3  11.1  (3.8) (34.2) 
Tobacco sales and other operating revenues:Tobacco sales and other operating revenues:Tobacco sales and other operating revenues:
Sales and other operating revenuesSales and other operating revenues$44.3  $46.0  $(1.7) (3.7) Sales and other operating revenues$39.1  $60.3  $(21.2) (35.2) 
Average price per kiloAverage price per kilo5.83  5.82  0.01  0.2  Average price per kilo5.36  5.43  (0.07) (1.3) 
Processing and other revenuesProcessing and other revenues7.2  7.9  (0.7) (8.9) Processing and other revenues13.9  17.6  (3.7) (21.0) 
Total sales and other operating revenuesTotal sales and other operating revenues51.5  53.9  (2.4) (4.5) Total sales and other operating revenues53.0  77.9  (24.9) (32.0) 
Tobacco cost of goods sold:Tobacco cost of goods sold:Tobacco cost of goods sold:
Tobacco costsTobacco costs33.2  36.2  (3.0) (8.3) Tobacco costs30.9  49.0  (18.1) (36.9) 
Transportation, storage, and other period costsTransportation, storage, and other period costs5.5  3.0  2.5  83.3  Transportation, storage, and other period costs5.1  3.2  1.9  59.4  
Derivative financial instrument and exchange losses (gains)Derivative financial instrument and exchange losses (gains)0.1  0.1  —  —  Derivative financial instrument and exchange losses (gains)0.1  (0.1) 0.2  200.0  
Total tobacco cost of goods soldTotal tobacco cost of goods sold38.8  39.3  (0.5) (1.3) Total tobacco cost of goods sold36.1  52.1  (16.0) (30.7) 
Average cost per kiloAverage cost per kilo5.11  4.97  0.14  2.8  Average cost per kilo4.95  4.69  0.26  5.5  
Processing and other revenues cost of services soldProcessing and other revenues cost of services sold5.6  6.8  (1.2) (17.6) Processing and other revenues cost of services sold10.9  17.1  (6.2) (36.3) 
Total cost of goods and services soldTotal cost of goods and services sold44.4  46.1  (1.7) (3.7) Total cost of goods and services sold47.0  69.2  (22.2) (32.1) 
Gross profitGross profit7.1  7.8  (0.7) (9.0) Gross profit6.0  8.7  (2.7) (31.0) 
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses4.3  3.9  0.4  10.3  Selling, general, and administrative expenses2.8  4.3  (1.5) (34.9) 
Other expense, netOther expense, net(0.3) (0.2) (0.1) (50.0) Other expense, net(0.7) (0.1) (0.6) (600.0) 
Restructuring and asset impairment chargesRestructuring and asset impairment charges(0.1) 1.5  (1.6) (106.7) 
Operating incomeOperating income$2.5  $3.7  (1.2) (32.4) Operating income$2.6  $2.8  (0.2) (7.1) 

Sales and other operating revenues decreased $2.4$24.9 million or 4.5%32.0% to $51.5$53.0 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $53.9$77.9 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was primarily due to 3.8%34.2% lower volume and a 1.3% decrease in average sales prices. The decrease in volume was attributable to Hurricane Florence reducing the prior-yearprior year U.S. crop size (which impacted carryover shipments) and foreign tariffs on U.S. tobacco. ThisThe decrease was partially offset by a 0.2% increase in average sales prices due toprice was driven by product mix having a higherlower concentration of lamina.

Cost of goods and services sold decreased $1.7$22.2 million or 3.7%32.1% to $44.4$47.0 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $46.1$69.2 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was mainly due to the decrease in sales and other operating revenues.

Gross profit as a percent of sales decreasedincreased to 13.8%11.3% for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from 14.5%11.2% for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decreaseincrease was attributable to higher conversion costs from the impact of Hurricane Florence oncurrent year savings due to restructuring initiatives enacted in the prior year U.S. crop. This decrease was partially offset by product mix having a higher concentration of lamina.year.

SG&A increased $0.4decreased $1.5 million or 10.3%34.9% to $2.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2019 from $4.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2019 from $3.9 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. SG&A as a percent of sales increaseddecreased to 8.3%5.3% for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from 7.2%5.5% for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. These increasesdecreases were related to lower allocations of general corporate services attributableand current year savings due to a change in the Company's reportable segments and were partially offset by the impact of restructuring initiatives enacted in the prior year.



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Leaf - Other Regions Supplemental InformationLeaf - Other Regions Supplemental InformationLeaf - Other Regions Supplemental Information
Three Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,
ChangeChange
(in millions, except per kilo amounts)(in millions, except per kilo amounts)20192018$%(in millions, except per kilo amounts)20192018$%
Kilos soldKilos sold80.8  74.2  6.6  8.9  Kilos sold77.6  106.0  (28.4) (26.8) 
Tobacco sales and other operating revenues:Tobacco sales and other operating revenues:Tobacco sales and other operating revenues:
Sales and other operating revenuesSales and other operating revenues$306.7  $321.1  $(14.4) (4.5) Sales and other operating revenues$293.5  $432.4  $(138.9) (32.1) 
Average price per kiloAverage price per kilo3.80  4.33  (0.53) (12.2) Average price per kilo3.78  4.08  (0.30) (7.4) 
Processing and other revenuesProcessing and other revenues18.8  17.5  1.3  7.4  Processing and other revenues13.0  9.3  3.7  39.8  
Total sales and other operating revenuesTotal sales and other operating revenues325.5  338.6  (13.1) (3.9) Total sales and other operating revenues306.5  441.7  (135.2) (30.6) 
Tobacco cost of goods sold:Tobacco cost of goods sold:Tobacco cost of goods sold:
Tobacco costsTobacco costs246.8  265.9  (19.1) (7.2) Tobacco costs235.6  345.3  (109.7) (31.8) 
Transportation, storage, and other period costsTransportation, storage, and other period costs12.2  18.9  (6.7) (35.4) Transportation, storage, and other period costs12.2  22.2  (10.0) (45.0) 
Derivative financial instrument and exchange losses (gains)1.3  (1.9) 3.2  168.4  
Derivative financial instrument and exchange (gains) lossesDerivative financial instrument and exchange (gains) losses(0.8) 2.9  (3.7) (127.6) 
Total tobacco cost of goods soldTotal tobacco cost of goods sold260.3  282.9  (22.6) (8.0) Total tobacco cost of goods sold247.0  370.4  (123.4) (33.3) 
Average cost per kiloAverage cost per kilo3.22  3.81  (0.59) (15.5) Average cost per kilo3.18  3.49  (0.31) (8.9) 
Processing and other revenues cost of services soldProcessing and other revenues cost of services sold14.3  14.9  (0.6) (4.0) Processing and other revenues cost of services sold9.8  7.1  2.7  38.0  
Total cost of goods and services soldTotal cost of goods and services sold274.6  297.8  (23.2) (7.8) Total cost of goods and services sold256.8  377.5  (120.7) (32.0) 
Gross profitGross profit50.9  40.8  10.1  24.8  Gross profit49.7  64.2  (14.5) (22.6) 
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses25.6  26.1  (0.5) (1.9) Selling, general, and administrative expenses25.3  27.8  (2.5) (9.0) 
Other income, netOther income, net1.2  2.7  (1.5) (55.6) Other income, net1.9  7.9  (6.0) (75.9) 
Restructuring and asset impairment chargesRestructuring and asset impairment charges—  0.2  (0.2) (100.0) Restructuring and asset impairment charges0.8  0.2  0.6  300.0  
Operating incomeOperating income$26.5  $17.2  $9.3  54.1  Operating income$25.5  $44.1  $(18.6) (42.2) 

Sales and other operating revenues decreased $13.1$135.2 million or 3.9%30.6% to $325.5$306.5 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $338.6$441.7 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was primarily due to a 12.2%26.8% decrease in volume and a 7.4% decrease in average sales prices related to product mix in Asia and South America having a higher concentration of byproducts. Thisprices. The decrease was partially offset by an 8.9% increase in volume primarily in South America duewas attributable to flue-cured oversupply conditions and the timing of shipments.shipments in Africa and Asia. The decrease in average sales price was driven by product mix having a lower concentration of lamina in South America.

Cost of goods and services sold decreased $23.2$120.7 million or 7.8%32.0% to $274.6$256.8 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $297.8$377.5 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was mainly due to the decrease in sales and other operating revenues and favorable foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations resulting in lower raw materials prices in Africa and South America.

Gross profit as a percent of sales increased to 15.6%16.2% for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from 12.0%14.5% for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This increase was attributable to favorable foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations resulting in lower raw materials prices and lower conversion costs in Africa and South America.

SG&A decreased $0.5$2.5 million or 1.9%9.0% to $25.6$25.3 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $26.1$27.8 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was related to lower allocations of general corporate services attributable to a change in the Company's reportable segments.services. SG&A as a percent of sales increased to 7.9%8.3% for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from 7.7%6.3% for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This increase was related to the decrease in sales and other operating revenues.

-31-


Other Products and Services Supplemental InformationOther Products and Services Supplemental InformationOther Products and Services Supplemental Information
Three Months Ended September 30,Three Months Ended December 31,
ChangeChange
(in millions)(in millions)20192018$%(in millions)20192018$%
Sales and other operating revenuesSales and other operating revenues$6.0  $2.4  $3.6  150.0  Sales and other operating revenues$3.7  $4.9  $(1.2) (24.5) 
Cost of goods and services soldCost of goods and services sold3.8  1.8  2.0  111.1  Cost of goods and services sold4.3  3.1  1.2  38.7  
Gross profitGross profit2.2  0.6  1.6  266.7  Gross profit(0.6) 1.8  (2.4) (133.3) 
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses17.3  9.0  8.3  92.2  Selling, general, and administrative expenses17.8  9.6  8.2  85.4  
Other income, net0.6  0.1  0.5  500.0  
Other (expense) income, netOther (expense) income, net(1.6) 0.2  (1.8) (900.0) 
Operating lossOperating loss$(14.5) $(8.3) $(6.2) (74.7) Operating loss$(20.0) $(7.6) $(12.4) (163.2) 

Sales and other operating revenues increased $3.6decreased $1.2 million or 150.0%24.5% to $6.0$3.7 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $2.4$4.9 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This increasedecrease was primarily due to increased cannabinioda decrease in cannabinoid revenue attributable to salesthe timing of orders and a decrease in the province of Nova Scotia following the legalization of thee-liquids revenue related to a general industry slow-down amid health and regulatory concerns. These decreases were partially offset by increased cannabinoid revenue driven by Figr products entering into two additional Canadian recreational cannabis market on October 17, 2018, as well as increased e-liquids product revenue attributable to additional product offeringsprovinces: New Brunswick and an expanding customer base.Ontario in December 2019.

Cost of goods and services sold increased $2.0$1.2 million or 111.1%38.7% to $3.8$4.3 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $1.8$3.1 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This increase was mainly due to increased cannabinoid depreciation associated with the increase in sales and other operating revenues.additional 210,000 square feet of production capacity placed in-service at the Prince Edward Island facility.

Gross profit as a percent of sales increaseddecreased to (16.2)% for the three months ended December 31, 2019 from 36.7% for the three months ended September 30, 2019 from 25.0% for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This increasedecrease was attributable to higher conversion costs from lower sales volume.volume and increase cannabinoid depreciation associated with the additional 210,000 square feet of production capacity placed in-service at the Prince Edward Island facility.

SG&A increased $8.3$8.2 million or 92.2%85.4% to $17.3$17.8 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $9.0$9.6 million for the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This increase isSG&A as a percent of sales increased to 481.1% for the three months ended December 31, 2019 from 195.9% for the three months ended December 31, 2018. These increases are related to branding, marketing, and advertising expenses forto support growth of the Figr cannabinoid and Humble Juice e-liquid brandsbrand and the evaluation ofcosts incurred to evaluate and develop plans for a potential partial monetization of interests in subsidiaries in the Other Products and Services segment. SG&A as a percent of sales decreased to 288.3% for the three months ended September 30, 2019 from 375.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2018. This decrease was primarily due to the increase in sales and other operating revenues.



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Six Months Ended September 30, 2019 and 2018
Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018Nine Months Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018
Six Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended December 31,
(in millions)(in millions)Change(in millions)Change
(percentage change is calculated based on thousands)
(percentage change is calculated based on thousands)
20192018$%
(percentage change is calculated based on thousands)
20192018$%
Sales and other operating revenuesSales and other operating revenues$659.7  $685.9  $(26.2) (3.8) Sales and other operating revenues$1,022.9  $1,210.4  $(187.5) (15.5) 
Cost of goods and services soldCost of goods and services sold559.7  595.3  (35.6) (6.0) Cost of goods and services sold867.9  1,045.0  (177.1) (16.9) 
Gross profit*Gross profit*99.9  90.6  9.3  10.3  Gross profit*155.1  165.4  (10.3) (6.2) 
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses96.6  77.1  19.5  25.3  Selling, general, and administrative expenses142.6  118.8  23.8  20.0  
Other income, netOther income, net4.5  5.5  (1.0) (18.2) Other income, net4.1  13.5  (9.4) (69.6) 
Restructuring and asset impairment chargesRestructuring and asset impairment charges0.2  1.7  (1.5) (88.2) Restructuring and asset impairment charges0.9  3.4  (2.5) (73.5) 
Operating income*Operating income*7.5  17.3  (9.8) (56.6) Operating income*15.7  56.6  (40.9) (72.3) 
Debt retirement benefitDebt retirement benefit—  (0.5) 0.5  100.0  Debt retirement benefit—  (1.8) 1.8  100.0  
Interest expenseInterest expense69.1  68.2  0.9  1.3  Interest expense101.3  102.2  (0.9) (0.9) 
Interest incomeInterest income2.5  1.6  0.9  56.3  Interest income3.0  2.6  0.4  15.4  
Income tax expenseIncome tax expense26.2  9.5  16.7  175.8  Income tax expense25.2  26.9  (1.7) (6.3) 
Income from unconsolidated affiliatesIncome from unconsolidated affiliates6.5  2.2  4.3  195.5  Income from unconsolidated affiliates6.7  6.9  (0.2) (2.9) 
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interestsNet loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(0.5) (0.9) 0.4  44.4  Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(0.9) (0.8) (0.1) (12.5) 
Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.*Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.*$(78.3) $(55.4) (22.9) (41.3) Net loss attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.*$(100.3) $(60.5) (39.8) (65.8) 
* Amounts may not equal column totals due to rounding* Amounts may not equal column totals due to rounding* Amounts may not equal column totals due to rounding

Sales and other operating revenues decreased $26.2$187.5 million or 3.8%15.5% to $659.7$1,022.9 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $685.9$1,210.4 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was primarily due to a 1.1%12.5% decrease in volume mainlyand a 5.0% decrease in averages sales price. The decrease in volume was attributable to flue-cured oversupply conditions, the timing of shipments in the Leaf - North AmericaOther Regions segment attributable toin Africa, and the impact of Hurricane Florence reducing the prior-yearprior year U.S. crop size (which impacted carryover shipments) and foreign tariffs on U.S. tobacco and a 3.6%reducing Leaf - North America segment volumes. The decrease in the average sales price for the Leaf segmentswas primarily relateddue to product mix having a higherlower concentration of byproducts.lamina. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in the Leaf - Other Regions segment volumes in South America due to the timing of shipments as well asand the continued sales growth in the Other Products and Services segment.

Cost of goods and services sold decreased $35.6$177.1 million or 6.0%16.9% to $559.7$867.9 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $595.3$1,045.0 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was mainly due to the decrease in sales and other operating revenues and favorable foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations in the Leaf - Other Regions segment resulting in lower raw materials prices in Africa and South America. These decreases were partially offset by the continued growth of the Other Products and Services segment.

Gross profit as a percent of sales increased to 15.1%15.2% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from 13.2%13.7% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This increase was attributable to favorable foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations in the Leaf - Other Regions segment resulting in lower raw materials prices and conversion costs in Africa and South America and the continued growth of the Other Products and Services segment.

SG&A increased $19.5$23.8 million or 25.3%20.0% to $96.6$142.6 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $77.1$118.8 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. SG&A as a percent of sales increased to 14.6%13.9% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from 11.2%9.8% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. These increases were primarily related to branding, marketing, and advertising expenses forto support growth of the Figr cannabinoid and Humble Juice e-liquid brands and the costs incurred in connection with the evaluation ofto evaluate and develop plans for a potential partial monetization of the Company's investmentsinterests in certain businesses includedsubsidiaries in the Other Products and Services segment. These increases were partially offset by current year savings due to restructuring initiatives enacted in the Leaf - North America segment in the prior year.

Income tax expense increased $16.7decreased $1.7 million or 175.8%6.3% to $26.2$25.2 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $9.5$26.9 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This increasedecrease was primarily due to the change in the effective tax rate to (44.3)(30.5)% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from (19.5)(65.3)% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018 and the occurrence of certain discrete items during the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019.




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Leaf - North America Supplemental InformationLeaf - North America Supplemental InformationLeaf - North America Supplemental Information
Six Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended December 31,
(in millions, except per kilo amounts)(in millions, except per kilo amounts)Change(in millions, except per kilo amounts)Change
20192018$%20192018$%
Kilos soldKilos sold14.2  18.9  (4.7) (24.9) Kilos sold21.6  29.9  (8.3) (27.8) 
Tobacco sales and other operating revenues:Tobacco sales and other operating revenues:Tobacco sales and other operating revenues:
Sales and other operating revenuesSales and other operating revenues$75.4  $92.4  $(17.0) (18.4) Sales and other operating revenues$114.5  $152.7  $(38.2) (25.0) 
Average price per kiloAverage price per kilo5.31  4.89  0.42  8.6  Average price per kilo5.30  5.11  0.19  3.7  
Processing and other revenuesProcessing and other revenues11.0  11.5  (0.5) (4.3) Processing and other revenues24.9  29.1  (4.2) (14.4) 
Total sales and other operating revenuesTotal sales and other operating revenues86.4  103.9  (17.5) (16.8) Total sales and other operating revenues139.4  181.8  (42.4) (23.3) 
Tobacco cost of goods sold:Tobacco cost of goods sold:Tobacco cost of goods sold:
Tobacco costsTobacco costs57.6  74.4  (16.8) (22.6) Tobacco costs88.5  123.4  (34.9) (28.3) 
Transportation, storage, and other period costsTransportation, storage, and other period costs8.7  5.8  2.9  50.0  Transportation, storage, and other period costs13.8  9.1  4.7  51.6  
Derivative financial instrument and exchange losses (gains)Derivative financial instrument and exchange losses (gains)0.1  (0.2) 0.3  150.0  
Total tobacco cost of goods soldTotal tobacco cost of goods sold66.3  80.2  (13.9) (17.3) Total tobacco cost of goods sold102.4  132.3  (29.9) (22.6) 
Average cost per kiloAverage cost per kilo4.67  4.24  0.43  10.1  Average cost per kilo4.74  4.42  0.32  7.2  
Processing and other revenues cost of services soldProcessing and other revenues cost of services sold7.9  8.9  (1.0) (11.2) Processing and other revenues cost of services sold18.7  25.9  (7.2) (27.8) 
Total cost of goods and services soldTotal cost of goods and services sold74.2  89.1  (14.9) (16.7) Total cost of goods and services sold121.1  158.2  (37.1) (23.5) 
Gross profitGross profit12.2  14.8  (2.6) (17.6) Gross profit18.3  23.6  (5.3) (22.5) 
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses8.4  9.3  (0.9) (9.7) Selling, general, and administrative expenses11.3  13.5  (2.2) (16.3) 
Other expense, netOther expense, net(0.5) (0.3) (0.2) (66.7) Other expense, net(1.2) (0.5) (0.7) (140.0) 
Restructuring and asset impairment chargesRestructuring and asset impairment charges—  0.2  (0.2) (100.0) Restructuring and asset impairment charges(0.1) 1.7  (1.8) (105.9) 
Operating incomeOperating income$3.3  $5.0  $(1.7) (34.0) Operating income$5.9  $7.9  $(2.0) (25.3) 

Sales and other operating revenues decreased $17.5$42.4 million or 16.8%23.3% to $86.4$139.4 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $103.9$181.8 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was primarily due to lowera 27.8% decrease in volume attributable to Hurricane Florence reducing the prior-yearprior year U.S. crop size (which impacted carryover shipments) and foreign tariffs on U.S. tobacco. This decrease was partially offset by an 8.6%a 3.7% increase in average sales pricesprice due to product mix having a higher concentration of lamina.

Cost of goods and services sold decreased $14.9$37.1 million or 16.7%23.5% to $74.2$121.1 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $89.1$158.2 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was mainly due to the decrease inlower volume.

Gross profit as a percent of sales was 14.1%increased to 13.1% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 andfrom 13.0% for the nine months ended December 31, 2018. This increase was attributable to current year savings due to restructuring initiatives enacted in the prior year.

SG&A decreased $0.9$2.2 million or 9.7%16.3% to $8.4$11.3 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $9.3$13.5 million for the sixnine months ended September 30, 2018.December 31, 2018 and was attributable to current year savings due to restructuring initiatives enacted in the prior year. SG&A as a percent of sales increased to 9.7%8.1% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from 9.0%7.4% for the sixnine months ended September 30, 2018. These decreases were relatedDecember 31, 2018 mainly due to the impact of restructuring initiatives enacted in the prior year.lower volume.



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Leaf - Other Regions Supplemental InformationLeaf - Other Regions Supplemental InformationLeaf - Other Regions Supplemental Information
Six Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended December 31,
(in millions, except per kilo amounts)(in millions, except per kilo amounts)Change(in millions, except per kilo amounts)Change
20192018$%20192018$%
Kilos soldKilos sold135.7  132.7  3.0  2.3  Kilos sold213.3  238.7  (25.4) (10.6) 
Tobacco sales and other operating revenues:Tobacco sales and other operating revenues:Tobacco sales and other operating revenues:
Sales and other operating revenuesSales and other operating revenues$531.9  $545.0  $(13.1) (2.4) Sales and other operating revenues$825.3  $977.5  $(152.2) (15.6) 
Average price per kiloAverage price per kilo3.92  4.11  (0.19) (4.6) Average price per kilo3.87  4.10  (0.23) (5.6) 
Processing and other revenuesProcessing and other revenues29.4  31.6  (2.2) (7.0) Processing and other revenues42.5  40.8  1.7  4.2  
Total sales and other operating revenuesTotal sales and other operating revenues561.3  576.6  (15.3) (2.7) Total sales and other operating revenues867.8  1,018.3  (150.5) (14.8) 
Tobacco cost of goods sold:Tobacco cost of goods sold:Tobacco cost of goods sold:
Tobacco costsTobacco costs430.0  452.5  (22.5) (5.0) Tobacco costs665.6  796.9  (131.3) (16.5) 
Transportation, storage, and other period costsTransportation, storage, and other period costs24.9  28.9  (4.0) (13.8) Transportation, storage, and other period costs37.2  51.7  (14.5) (28.0) 
Derivative financial instrument and exchange (gains) losses0.3  (5.5) 5.8  105.5  
Derivative financial instrument and exchange gainsDerivative financial instrument and exchange gains(0.4) (2.3) 1.9  82.6  
Total tobacco cost of goods soldTotal tobacco cost of goods sold455.2  475.9  (20.7) (4.3) Total tobacco cost of goods sold702.4  846.3  (143.9) (17.0) 
Average cost per kiloAverage cost per kilo3.35  3.59  (0.24) (6.7) Average cost per kilo3.29  3.55  (0.26) (7.3) 
Processing and other revenues cost of services soldProcessing and other revenues cost of services sold22.8  25.5  (2.7) (10.6) Processing and other revenues cost of services sold32.5  32.6  (0.1) (0.3) 
Total cost of goods and services soldTotal cost of goods and services sold478.0  501.4  (23.4) (4.7) Total cost of goods and services sold734.9  878.9  (144.0) (16.4) 
Gross profitGross profit83.3  75.2  8.1  10.8  Gross profit132.9  139.4  (6.5) (4.7) 
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses53.9  54.5  (0.6) (1.1) Selling, general, and administrative expenses79.1  81.4  (2.3) (2.8) 
Other income, netOther income, net4.3  5.8  (1.5) (25.9) Other income, net6.2  13.8  (7.6) (55.1) 
Restructuring and asset impairment chargesRestructuring and asset impairment charges0.2  1.5  (1.3) (86.7) Restructuring and asset impairment charges1.0  1.7  (0.7) (41.2) 
Operating incomeOperating income$33.5  $25.0  $8.5  34.0  Operating income$59.0  $70.1  $(11.1) (15.8) 

Sales and other operating revenues decreased $15.3$150.5 million or 2.7%14.8% to $561.3$867.8 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $576.6$1,018.3 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was primarily due to a 4.6%10.6% decrease in volume and a 5.6% decrease in average selling prices relatedprices. The decrease in volume was attributable to product mix having a higher concentrationflue-cured oversupply conditions and the timing of byproducts.shipments in Africa. This decrease was partially offset by a 2.3%an increase in volume primarily in South America due to the timing of shipments. The decrease in average selling prices was driven by product mix having a lower concentration of lamina.

Cost of goods and services sold decreased $23.4$144.0 million or 4.7%16.4% to $478.0$734.9 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $501.4$878.9 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was mainly due to the decrease in sales and other operating revenues and favorable foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations resulting in lower raw materials prices in Africa and South America.

Gross profit as a percent of sales increased to 14.8%15.3% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from 13.0%13.7% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This increase was attributable to favorable foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations resulting in lower raw materials prices and conversion costs in Africa and South America.

SG&A decreased $0.6$2.3 million or 1.1%2.8% to $53.9$79.1 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $54.5$81.4 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was due to lower allocations of general corporate services attributable to a change in the Company's reportable segments.services. SG&A as a percent of sales increased to 9.6%9.1% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from 9.5%8.0% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This increase was related to the decrease in sales and other operating revenues.

Other income, net decreased $1.5$7.6 million or 25.9%55.1% to $4.3$6.2 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $5.8$13.8 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decrease was primarily due to the receipt of insurance proceeds in the prior year from the fiscal 2016 fire in Zimbabwe.

Restructuring and asset impairment charges decreased $1.3$0.7 million or 86.7%41.2% to $0.2$1.0 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $1.5$1.7 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018 mainly due to a cost-saving and restructuring initiative to close a processing facility in Europe in 2018.the prior year.

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Other Products and Services Segment Supplemental Information
Other Products and Services Supplemental InformationOther Products and Services Supplemental Information
Six Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended December 31,
(in millions, except per kilo amounts)(in millions, except per kilo amounts)Change(in millions, except per kilo amounts)Change
20192018$%20192018$%
Sales and other operating revenuesSales and other operating revenues$11.9  $5.4  $6.5  120.4  Sales and other operating revenues$15.7  $10.3  $5.4  52.4  
Cost of goods and services soldCost of goods and services sold7.5  4.8  2.7  56.3  Cost of goods and services sold11.8  7.9  3.9  49.4  
Gross profitGross profit4.4  0.6  3.8  633.3  Gross profit3.9  2.4  1.5  62.5  
Selling, general, and administrative expensesSelling, general, and administrative expenses34.3  13.3  21.0  157.9  Selling, general, and administrative expenses52.2  23.9  28.3  118.4  
Other income, net0.7  —  0.7  100.0  
Other (expense) income, netOther (expense) income, net(0.9) 0.2  (1.1) (550.0) 
Operating lossOperating loss$(29.2) $(12.7) $(16.5) (129.9) Operating loss$(49.2) $(21.3) $(27.9) (131.0) 

Sales and other operating revenues increased $6.5$5.4 million or 120.4%52.4% to $11.9$15.7 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $5.4$10.3 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This increase was primarily due to increased cannabiniodcannabinoid revenue attributable to sales in the provinceprovinces of Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island following the legalization of the Canadian recreational cannabis market on October 17, 2018, as well as increased e-liquids product revenue attributable to additional product offerings and an expanding customer base. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in cannabinoid revenue attributable to the timing of orders and a decrease in e-liquids revenue related to a general industry slow-down amid health and regulatory concerns.

Cost of goods and services sold increased $2.7$3.9 million or 56.3%49.4% to $7.5$11.8 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $4.8$7.9 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This increase was mainly due to the increase in sales.

Gross profit as a percent of sales increased to 37.0%24.8% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from 11.1%23.3% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This increase was due to lower conversion costs attributable to higher sales volume.volume and was partially offset by higher overhead absorption related to the additional 210,000 square feet of cannabinoid production capacity placed in-service in Prince Edward Island.

SG&A increased $21.0$28.3 million or 157.9%118.4% to $34.3$52.2 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from $13.3$23.9 million for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. SG&A as a percent of sales increased to 288.2%332.5% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 from 246.3%232.0% for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. These increases were primarily related to branding, marketing, and advertising expenses forto support growth of the Figr cannabinoid and Humble Juice e-liquid brands and the evaluation ofcosts incurred to evaluate and develop plans for a potential partial monetization of interests in subsidiaries in the Other Products and Services segment.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview
Our liquidity requirements are affected by various factors from our core tobacco leaf business, including crop seasonality, foreign currency and interest rates, green tobacco prices, customer mix, crop size, and quality, branding, marketing, and advertising expenses to support the Other Products and Services segment, increased legal and professional costs associated with the evaluation of a partial monetization of the Company's investments in certain businesses included in the Other Products and Services segment.quality. Our leaf tobacco business is seasonal, and purchasing, processing, and selling activities have several associated peaks where cash on-hand and outstanding indebtedness may vary significantly compared to fiscal year-end. Additionally, as we continue our transformation journey our liquidity requirements are increasingly affected by branding, marketing, and advertising expenses to support growth of the Other Products and Services segment, and legal and professional costs incurred to evaluate and develop plans for a potential partial monetization of interests in subsidiaries in the Other Products and Services segment and to address the Company's maturing long-term debt.

We may periodically seek to repurchase our indebtedness through open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions, exchanges, or otherwise, to the extent not prohibited by our financing agreements. Such transactions will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions,and other factors. The amounts involved may be material.

As of September 30,December 31, 2019, we reached a seasonally adjusted high forare in the process of repaying our South American related crop lines as we are shippingcontinue to ship inventory and collectingcollect receivables. In Africa, purchasing is almost complete and processing and shipping will peak inwe continue to ship product which should continue into the thirdfirst quarter of fiscal quarter.year 2021 as well as the purchase of the new crop which should begin mid-March. In Asia, the Thai crop has been processed, packed, and is shipping and the Indian Mysore and Indonesian crops are being purchased withapproaching the end of the processing and shipping scheduledis in full force. Europe continues shipping of the current crop and is preparing to occurpurchase the new crop during the thirdfourth fiscal quarter. EuropeNorth America has almost completed flue cured processing with shipping winding down and has commenced the purchasing, processing and shipping will follow duringof the third andburley crop which should continue into the fourth fiscal quarters. North America has commenced flue cured purchasingquarter, seasonally elevating its working capital requirements. Fluctuation of the U.S. dollar versus many of the currencies in which we have costs may continue to have an impact on our working capital requirements, as such, we will monitor and processing, with shipping scheduled to occur during the third fiscal quarter.hedge foreign currency costs prudently, and as needed on a currency by currency basis.

Working Capital
Our working capital decreased to $483.6 million at September 30, 2019 from $591.7 million at March 31, 2019. Our current ratio was 1.6 to 1 at September 30, 2019 and 1.9 to 1 at March 31, 2019. The decrease in working capital was primarily due to the seasonal buildup of African and South American inventories and advances to tobacco suppliers and the related seasonal increase of notes payable to finance the purchase and processing of these crops.

The following is a summary of items from the condensed consolidated balance sheets:

September 30,March 31,December 31,March 31,
(in millions except for current ratio)(in millions except for current ratio)201920182019(in millions except for current ratio)201920182019
Cash and cash equivalentsCash and cash equivalents$172.5  $117.0  $192.0  Cash and cash equivalents$72.2  $209.2  $192.0  
Trade and other receivables, netTrade and other receivables, net214.5  229.2  311.0  Trade and other receivables, net192.7  290.1  311.0  
Inventories and advances to tobacco suppliersInventories and advances to tobacco suppliers848.7  1019.9  687.9  Inventories and advances to tobacco suppliers933.4  878.9  687.9  
Total current assetsTotal current assets1,295.6  1,421.4  1,238.5  Total current assets1,254.0  1,431.6  1,238.5  
Notes payable to banksNotes payable to banks582.4  613.9  429.0  Notes payable to banks580.3  583.4  429.0  
Accounts payableAccounts payable50.8  48.1  87.0  Accounts payable61.1  49.4  87.0  
Advances from customersAdvances from customers22.3  11.0  16.4  Advances from customers19.2  45.9  16.4  
Total current liabilitiesTotal current liabilities812.0  784.5  646.8  Total current liabilities804.9  802.0  646.8  
Current ratioCurrent ratio1.6 to 1  1.8 to 1  1.9 to 1  Current ratio1.6 to 1  1.8 to 1  1.9 to 1  
Working capitalWorking capital483.6  636.9  591.7  Working capital449.1  629.6  591.7  
Long-term debtLong-term debt901.1  905.1  898.4  Long-term debt902.5  897.2  898.4  
Stockholders’ equity attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.Stockholders’ equity attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.104.2  212.4  183.7Stockholders’ equity attributable to Pyxus International, Inc.85.5  203.5  183.7

Working capital decreased to $449.1 million at December 31, 2019 from $629.6 million at December 31, 2018 primarily due to decreased leaf tobacco sales.

Sources and Uses of Cash
Our primary sources of liquidity are cash generated from operations, cash collections from our securitized receivables, and short-term borrowings under our foreign seasonal lines of credit. We have typically financed our non-U.S. tobacco operations with uncommitted unsecured short-term seasonal lines of credit at the local level. These foreign lines of credit are seasonal in nature, normally extending for a term of 180 to 270 days, corresponding to the tobacco crop cycle in that location. These short-term seasonal lines of credit are typically uncommitted in that the lenders have the right to cease making loans and demand repayment of loans at any time. These short-term seasonal lines of credit are typically renewed at the outset of each tobacco season. We maintain various other financing arrangements that are continually analyzed in order to meet the cash requirements of our businesses. See "Note 13. Debt Arrangements" for additional information.

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We believe that our current cash balances, together with our borrowing availability, provides us with sufficient financial resources to meet our business requirements in the next 12 months, including the ability to meet our principal and interest payments under the terms of our debt financing agreements.

During the second halfremainder of fiscal 2020, we expect to incur capital expenditures for routine replacement of equipment and investments intended to add value to our customers or increase efficiency in our leaf business, for value-added agriculture capabilities, and expansion of our production capacity in Canada.

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We utilize capital in excess of cash flow from operations to finance accounts receivable, inventory, and advances to tobacco suppliers in foreign countries. In addition, we may periodically elect to purchase, redeem, repay, retire, or cancel indebtedness prior to stated maturity under our various foreign credit lines and senior secured credit agreement or indentures, as permitted therein.

The information included below explains the sources and uses of our cash flows for the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018 as derived from our condensed consolidated financial statements:

Six months ended September 30,Nine Months Ended December 31,
(in thousands)(in thousands)20192018(in thousands)20192018
Operating activitiesOperating activities$(257,775) $(419,317) Operating activities$(387,218) $(338,493) 
Investing activitiesInvesting activities90,927  87,185  Investing activities119,616  138,299  
Financing activitiesFinancing activities154,062  180,915  Financing activities150,047  142,885  
Effect of exchange rate changes on cashEffect of exchange rate changes on cash(7,341) 2,840  Effect of exchange rate changes on cash(5,277) 5,160  
Decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cashDecrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash(20,127) (148,377) Decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash(122,832) (52,149) 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of periodCash and cash equivalents at beginning of period192,043  264,660  Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period192,043  264,660  
Restricted cash at beginning of periodRestricted cash at beginning of period5,767  3,373  Restricted cash at beginning of period5,767  3,373  
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of periodCash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period$177,683  $119,656  Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period$74,978  $215,884  

Net cash used by operating activities decreased $161.5increased $48.7 million in the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 compared to the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. The decreaseincrease in cash used was primarily due to increased inventory purchase requirements in Africa offset by smaller crop sizes and lower green inventory prices in Africa and South America.

Net cash provided by investing activities increased $3.7decreased $18.7 million in the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 compared to the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. The increasedecrease in cash provided was primarily due to the timing of collections on our beneficial interests in securitized receivables, partially offset by higher purchases for property, plant, and equipment related to expansion of the Other Products and Services segment.

Net cash provided by financing activities decreased $26.9increased $7.2 million in the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 compared to the sixnine months ended September 30,December 31, 2018. This decreaseincrease is primarily due to lower net proceeds from short-term borrowings due to decreases in purchasing requirements in South America and lower green inventory prices in Africa, and South America, partially offset by lower debt repayments on our senior notes.

Fluctuation of the U.S. dollar versus many of the currencies in which we have costs may have an impact on our working capital requirements. We will continue to monitor and hedge foreign currency costs, as needed.

Restricted cash as of September 30,December 31, 2019 primarily consists of approximately $1.9$0.9 million in compensating balances held with lenders in various jurisdictions where we operate, and approximately $2.3$1.4 million held as escrow for bid bonds used in new customer tenders. See "Note 3. Restricted Cash" for additional information.

Approximately $79.0$55.2 million of our outstanding cash balance at September 30,December 31, 2019 was held in foreign jurisdictions, which includes approximately $3.3$0.6 million held by our legal Canadian cannabis businesses. As a result of our cash needs abroad and legal restrictions with respect to repatriation of the proceeds from operations of our Canadian cannabis subsidiaries, it is our intention to permanently reinvest these funds in foreign jurisdictions regardless of the fact that the cost of repatriation would not have a material financial impact.

Debt Financing
We continue to finance our business with a combination of short-term and long-term seasonal credit lines, an ABL facility, long-term debt securities, advances from customers, and cash from operations when available. See a summary of our short-term and long-term debt as of September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018 at "Note 13. Debt Arrangements" for additional information. We will
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continue to monitor and, as available, adjust funding sources as needed to enhance and drive various business opportunities that maintain flexibility and meet cost expectations.

Aggregated peak borrowings by facility occurring during the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 and 2018 were repaid with cash provided by operating activities. Available credit as of September 30,December 31, 2019 was $304.4$324.2 million comprised of $60.0 million under our ABL facility, $237.2$258.4 million of notes payable to banks,foreign seasonal lines of credit, and $7.1$5.7 million of availability for letters of credit.
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Borrowing under the ABL facility is permitted only to the extent that, after consideration of the application of the proceeds of the borrowing, our unrestricted cash and cash equivalents would not exceed $180.0$180 million.

No cash dividends were paid to shareholders during the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019. The payment of dividends is restricted under the terms of our ABL credit facility and the indentures governing the 8.5% senior secured first lien notes and the 9.875% senior secured second lien notes.

Zimbabwe Currency Considerations
The Company often holds Zimbabwe RTGS Dollars necessary for operations within Zimbabwe. As of September 30,December 31, 2019, the Company held $0 in the Zimbabwe RTGS Dollars. RTGS is a local currency equivalent that, as of September 30,December 31, 2019, was exchanged at a government specified rate of 15.2:16.8:1 with the U.S. Dollar ("USD"). In order to convert these units to U.S. Dollars, we must obtain foreign currency resources from the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe, subject to the monetary and exchange control policy in Zimbabwe. If the foreign exchange restrictions and government-imposed controls become severe, we may have to reassess our ability to control MTC. As of September 30,December 31, 2019, MTC has $89.3$90.4 million of net assets.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There have been no significant changes to our market risk exposures since March 31, 2019. For a discussion of our exposure to market risk, refer to Part II, Item 7A “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms and that this information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Due to inherent limitations, our disclosure controls and procedures, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance (not absolute) that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met.

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as required by Rule 13a-15(b) of the Exchange Act), as of September 30,December 31, 2019. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act) were effective to provide reasonable assurance as of September 30,December 31, 2019.

Changes in Internal Control Overover Financial Reporting
As required by Rule 13a-15(d) under the Exchange Act, the our management, including the Company’sour Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have evaluated the Company’sour internal control over financial reporting to determine whether any changes occurred during the quarter covered by this quarterly report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’sour internal control over financial reporting.

Certain updates to our internal controls, processes, and systems were implemented in connection with the adoption of ASU 2016-02. Other than these updates, thereThere were no changes that occurred during the three months ended September 30,December 31, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company'sour internal control over financial reporting.
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Part II. Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

See "Note 12. Contingencies and Other Information" to the "Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements" for additional information with respect to legal proceedings, which is incorporated by reference herein.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this report and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, investors should carefully consider our risk factors, which could materially affect our business, financial condition, or operating results. As of the date of this report, there are no material changes to the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019, and in Part II, Item 1A "Risk Factors" in the Company's Quarterly ReportReports on Form 10-Q for the periodperiods ended June 30, 2019 and September 30, 2019, except for updated information included in the following:

Our equity method investment in Criticality LLC (“Criticality”) is subject to uncertainty regarding the legal and regulatory status of hemp, including with respect to U.S. federal and state implementation of the 2018 Farm Bill and related laws, and changes to such laws and regulations may have material adverse effects on the operations of Criticality.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (the “FDA”) is responsible for ensuring public health and safety through regulation of food, drugs, dietary supplements, and cosmetics, among other products, through its enforcement authority pursuant to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. The FDA's responsibilities include regulating ingredients in, as well as the marketing and labeling of, regulated articles sold in interstate commerce.

The U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency (the “DEA”) enforces the Controlled Substances Act, under which cannabis (including hemp and industrial hemp) has historically been controlled as the Schedule I substance marijuana, with a limited exception for imported partsspread of the plantcoronavirus could adversely affect our results of operations and our liquidity.
We are carefully monitoring the commercial impact from the spread of the coronavirus reported to have recently surfaced in Wuhan, China. To the extent that typically contain only trace amountsanticipated shipments are substantially delayed, either as a result of cannabinoids (i.e., mature stalks, sterilized seeds,further spread of the virus or as a result of precautionary measures implemented by governments or commercial enterprises to limit the spread of this virus, anticipated sales may not occur within anticipated time frames and their derivatives). In 2014, the Agriculture Actwe could experience cash shortfalls from operations that could have a significant adverse effect on our results of 2014 (the “2014 Farm Bill”) was enacted in the United States, which allowed for the domestic cultivation of "industrial hemp" (i.e., cannabis plants, plant parts,operations and derivatives with no more than 0.3% THC (which is a psychoactive chemical compound in cannabis)) as part of agricultural pilot programs adopted by individual states for the purposes of research by state departments of agriculture and institutions of higher education.our ability to maintain adequate liquidity.

There is significant uncertainty concerning the permissible scope of commercial activity under the 2014 Farm Bill. The 2014 Farm Bill authorized only institutions of higher education and state agriculture departments to cultivate industrial hemp, and only to do so for research purposes. However, it also gave significant discretion to states to regulate industrial hemp pilot programs. Many states that have adopted pilot programs have registered private companies to cultivate and process industrial hemp. Additionally, many states, including North Carolina, where Criticality is based, have interpreted the 2014 Farm Bill to permit marketing research concerning industrial hemp through, among other things, commercial marketing and sale of industrial hemp and industrial hemp products. In contrast, the DEA, FDA, and U.S. Department of Agriculture (the “USDA”) have taken the position that, under the 2014 Farm Bill, industrial hemp products may not be sold for the purpose of general commercial activity or in states without agricultural pilot programs that permit their sale for research marketing purposes; these agencies have also taken the position that, under the 2014 Farm Bill, industrial hemp plants and seeds may not be transported across state lines. There is evidence that Congress does not agree with these agencies’ interpretation of the 2014 Farm Bill, including through its insertion in various appropriations bills language prohibiting the DEA from using funds to impede state agricultural pilot programs. Such language was inserted in the most recent federal appropriations bill, and has been inserted in the draft appropriations bill being considered by Congress. However, there can be no assurance that the current draft appropriations bill will be passed with such language intact, or that such language will be inserted in future appropriations bills while industrial hemp cultivation continues to be governed by the 2014 Farm Bill. There also can be no assurance that these agencies will change their position concerning the permissible scope of commercial activity under the 2014 Farm Bill.

On December 20, 2018, the Agricultural Improvement Act of 2018 (the "2018 Farm Bill") was signed into law. The 2018 Farm Bill, among other things, removes “hemp” and its derivatives (including its cannabinoids, such as cannabidiol (or “CBD”)) from the U.S. Controlled Substances Act and amends the Agricultural Marketing Act of 1946 to provide for commercial production of hemp in the United States. The law defines "hemp" as "the plant Cannabis sativa L. and any part of that plant, including the seeds thereof and all derivatives, extracts, cannabinoids, isomers, acids, salts, and salts of isomers, whether growing or not, with a delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol [THC] concentration of not more than 0.3 percent on a dry weight basis."

The 2018 Farm Bill tasked the USDA with establishing a regulatory framework for the commercial hemp industry. On October 31, 2019, the USDA published an interim final rule, which governs hemp production under the 2018 Farm Bill, subject to public review and comment and any changes made when the formal rule is promulgated. As an interim final rule, the regulations take effect immediately. The regulations provide for certain minimum requirements for state plans, provide a plan for the USDA to review and approve state-submitted hemp plans, and establish a federal licensing and regulatory system for
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hemp production in states without an approved state plan. Although the regulations are effective immediately, until such time as the USDA approves state hemp plans or issues federal licenses to hemp cultivators in states without plans in the approval process, hemp production is governed by the more restrictive 2014 Farm Bill, and commercial production of hemp may violate federal law.

There is uncertainty concerning the timing and manner of implementation of the 2018 Farm Bill. Under the interim final rule, the USDA can begin reviewing and approving hemp plans submitted by states that meet the federal standards, giving those jurisdictions primary regulatory authority over hemp production. States that have already submitted plans or are in the process of developing state plans may need to update their laws and programs to meet the new USDA regulations. In addition, the regulations provide the USDA with 60 days to review plans, with additional potential delays for correction, resubmission, re-review and appeal. In light of this schedule, few (if any) state plans are likely to be approved prior to 2020. In addition, hemp cultivators may apply for a federal license directly from the USDA beginning on December 2, 2019. But they may apply for a federal license only if their state has not submitted a plan to the USDA for approval. Therefore, there may be a period under which hemp cultivators have no approved state plan for licensure, but also may not apply for a federal license. Until a hemp cultivator has either a state or federal license, commercial hemp production under the 2018 Farm Bill cannot legally begin. By way of example, in North Carolina, where Criticality is based, there has been no proposed state plan and the legislature is still considering the enabling legislation that would allow a state plan to be submitted.

Additionally, there is uncertainty created by the 2018 Farm Bill’s decision to leave the states as potential primary regulators of hemp production. States may adopt regulatory schemes that impose different levels of regulation and costs on the production of hemp. Because states have not yet obtained USDA approval for plans for commercial hemp production, the timing of the adoption of state plans cannot be assured. Moreover, the 2018 Farm Bill provides that its provisions do not preempt or limit state laws that regulate the production of hemp. Accordingly, some states may choose to restrict or prohibit some or all hemp production or sales. For example, in North Carolina, where Criticality is based, the state legislature is considering legislation that would treat “smokeable hemp” (defined as "harvested raw or dried hemp plant material, including hemp buds or hemp flowers, hemp cigars, and hemp cigarettes") as illegal marijuana under state law unless produced and used in compliance with the proposed legislation.

In addition, the status of the current regulations as an interim final rule creates uncertainty as to the ultimate regulatory structure for commercial hemp production. The current regulations are temporarily in place, pending public notice and comment on the regulations. The USDA may make substantive changes in the regulations when final regulations are approved, and, indeed, has already suggested certain potential changes. The interim final rule is set to expire on November 1, 2021, unless extended, to provide time for a full rulemaking procedure. There is uncertainty what the final rules will be, if any, after the rulemaking procedure.

Further, under the 2018 Farm Bill, the FDA has retained authority over Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act-regulated products containing hemp and its derivatives, including CBD. Moreover, states have retained regulatory authority through their own analogues to the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, and the states may diverge from the federal treatment of the use of hemp as, or in, food, dietary supplements, vapable products, or topical cosmetic products. There can be no assurance that the FDA or states (under their Controlled Substances Act and Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act analogues) will ultimately permit the sale of non-pharmaceutical products containing hemp-derived CBD.

In light of recent changes in federal law concerning hemp and in many state laws concerning cannabis, it is possible that there could be future changes to the Controlled Substances Act or DEA policies implementing the Controlled Substances Act. Such changes, if they occur, could improve the ability to conduct research on the medical benefits of cannabis. If, for example, Congress were to reschedule non-hemp cannabis or THC under the Controlled Substances Act as legal but potentially controlled substances, enforcement policies across federal agencies, including the FDA, may be materially altered. As federal law generally prohibits the production and sale of non-hemp cannabis and THC, the FDA has historically deferred enforcement related to cannabis to the DEA. However, the FDA has enforced the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act with regard to hemp-derived products, particularly products containing CBD derived from hemp, sold in interstate commerce. If non-hemp cannabis or THC were to be rescheduled in such a way, the FDA could play a more-active regulatory role in enforcing the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act against non-hemp cannabis and THC products, which the FDA could assert qualify as, for example, "drugs," even when not promoted for medical uses. Further, in the event that the pharmaceutical industry directly competes with cannabis businesses for market share, as could potentially occur with rescheduling or even under the current state-law systems, the pharmaceutical industry may urge the DEA, FDA, and others to enforce the Controlled Substances Act, the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, and related laws against businesses that comply with state but not federal law. Under various contingencies, the potential for multi-agency enforcement could threaten or have a materially adverse effect on the operations of Criticality.

The increasing and evolving regulation of tobacco products by the federal, state, and local governments in the United States may adversely affect the Company.
The nicotine-containing vaping products of the Company and its equity method investment in Purilum, LLC (“Purilum”), are subject to substantial and evolving regulation by the FDA and other federal agencies (e.g., the Federal Trade Commission, the Consumer Products Safety Commission and the Environmental Protection Agency). While each of the Company and Purilum
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believes that it has complied in all material respects with each currently applicable requirement by the applicable compliance date, it is possible that federal agencies may disagree and take enforcement action against the Company, Purilum, or their respective nicotine-containing vaping products based on legal or factual determinations that differ from the those of the Company and Purilum, which could have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition, and results of operations of the Company.

In addition, the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as amended by the Tobacco Control Act, requires that any tobacco product that was not commercially marketed as of the “grandfathering” date of February 15, 2007, receive premarket authorization from the FDA before it can be marketed in the United States. However, the FDA has issued a policy under which the agency will not enforce these requirements for non-finished products (i.e., those intended solely for use in further manufacturing), which include certain products manufactured by the Company and Purilum. In addition, the FDA in July 2017 announced a compliance policy for “finished deemed” tobacco products (i.e., those products subjected to FDA regulation pursuant to the agency’s 2016 “deeming” regulation, including nicotine-containing vaping products) that qualify as “new tobacco products.” That compliance policy allowed the Company and Purilum to market such finished vaping products that qualify as “new tobacco products” that were on the U.S. market on August 8, 2016, until August 8, 2022, and continued marketing of such products during the FDA’s review of a pending marketing application submitted by August 8, 2022. In the absence of this policy, each of the Company and Purilum would have had to obtain prior authorization from FDA to market its finished vaping products after August 8, 2016. Accordingly, the Company’s and Purilum’s nicotine-containing finished vaping products are marketed pursuant to this compliance policy based on evidence in the Company’s and Purilum’s possession that they were on the U.S. market on August 8, 2016, and have not been physically modified since.

On March 13, 2019, the FDA issued a draft guidance document entitled “Modifications to Compliance Policy for Certain Deemed New Tobacco Products.” The document proposed to modify the current compliance policy for certain deemed tobacco products that qualify as “new tobacco products.” Relevant to vaping products, the document proposed to change the deadline for submitting a marketing application for flavored products (other than tobacco-, mint-, and menthol-flavored products) from August 8, 2022 to August 8, 2021. The guidance document also proposed that, even during the compliance policy period, the FDA would prioritize enforcement of the premarket review requirements for such flavored products when offered for sale in ways that pose a greater risk for minors to access such products. This includes enforcement against such flavored products sold: (1) in locations that minors may enter at any time; (2) through retailers (including online retailers) that have sold to minors after the FDA finalizes the document; (3) through online retailers lacking sufficient third-party age- and identity-verification services; and (4) through online retailers with no limit on the quantity that a customer may purchase within a given time period. The guidance document also proposed that, even during the compliance policy period, the FDA similarly would enforce the premarket review requirements against all vaping products promoted to minors or marketed in a manner likely to promote use by minors.

On May 15, 2019, the U.S. District Court for the District of Maryland issued a decision that may have a future impact on the FDA’s compliance policy for deemed “new tobacco products” on the market on August 8, 2016, effective date of the deeming regulations. In response to a complaint filed by public health groups and individual physicians, the court issued an order vacating the draft guidance announcing the FDA’s July 2017 compliance policy. The court then ordered and received briefing on the potential remedy. On July 12, 2019, the court issued its remedy order, which specified that: (1) for all deemed new tobacco products on the U.S. market on August 8, 2016, marketers must file applications within 10 months (i.e., by May 12, 2020) to continue marketing such products without otherwise-required marketing authorizations; (2) such a product may remain on the market pending FDA review of a timely filed application for a period not to exceed one year from the date of the application’s submission; (3) in its discretion, the FDA may enforce the premarket review requirements against such products for which marketers do not file applications within 10 months; and (4) the FDA shall have the ability to exempt deemed new tobacco products on the market on August 8, 2016, from these application submission requirements for good cause on a case-by-case basis. In response to a motion requesting clarification from the court filed by the FDA, the court issued an August 12, 2019, order that added a paragraph to the remedy order stating, “This order does not restrict the FDA's authority to enforce the premarket review provision against deemed products, or categories of deemed products, before the close of either the 10-month application submission period or the FDA application review period described above.”

Under the court’s order, any marketer of a non-grandfathered Deemed Tobacco Product that was on the U.S. market on August 8, 2016, but has not yet received an FDA marketing authorization, generally has until May 12, 2020, to submit a marketing application to continue marketing the product after that date. As regards to vaping and vapable products, this court-ordered modification to the compliance policy remains subject to change. Such change could result from potential appeals by industry parties that have sought to intervene in the litigation for the purposes of appeal, a stay pending appeal requested by these parties, litigation recently filed by industry members in federal district courts in Kentucky and Mississippi that could yield conflicting orders on these matters, or further action by the FDA (as discussed below).

On September 11, 2019, and in response to preliminary data from the 2019 National Youth Tobacco Survey apparently demonstrating increases in reported youth usage of flavored e-cigarette products, the Trump administration announced support for the FDA’s dramatically modifying the court-ordered compliance policy for vaping products. According to a press release issued by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, “FDA intends to finalize a compliance policy in the coming
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weeks that would prioritize the agency’s enforcement of the premarket authorization requirements for non-tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes, including mint and menthol, clearing the market of unauthorized, non-tobacco-flavored e-cigarette products.” It further stated, “The compliance policy the FDA anticipates announcing in the coming weeks will outline [an] enforcement policy addressing non-tobacco-flavored e-cigarette products that lack premarket authorization moving forward.”

On September 25, 2019, the acting FDA Commissioner testified before a U.S. House of Representatives subcommittee on vaping-related issues. In his prepared testimony, he stated, in relevant part:

Earlier this month, the President announced that as part of the Administration’s ongoing work to tackle the epidemic of youth e-cigarette use, FDA intends to finalize a compliance policy in the coming weeks that would prioritize the Agency’s enforcement of the premarket authorization requirements for non-tobacco-flavored e-cigarettes, including mint- and menthol-flavored products. It is important to note that this does not mean flavored e-cigarettes can never be marketed— if companies think they can show that specific products meet the standards established by Congress, then they can submit that evidence to FDA through a product application, which FDA will then evaluate. It does mean that FDA intends to prioritize enforcement action such that, unless and until the manufacturers of these products meet their burden under the Tobacco Control Act to show that scientific evidence demonstrates that their marketing is appropriate for the protection of the public health, these products will be expected to exit the market.

In his oral testimony, he indicated that FDA would issue the guidance in a matter of “weeks” and suggested that the revised compliance policy would take effect within 30 days “or some period along those lines.”

It therefore appears that the FDA intends to modify the court-ordered compliance policy in a manner that would require any flavored nicotine-containing e-liquid or e-cigarette product (other than a tobacco-flavored product) to exit the U.S. market until such time that the FDA authorizes the product’s return in response to a marketing application. Based on these public statements, tobacco-flavored products could remain subject to the preexisting compliance policy, meaning that, provided they were on the U.S. market on August 8, 2016, they could remain marketed until at least May 12, 2020, and for up to one year thereafter during the FDA’s review of a marketing application filed by May 12, 2020, for such a product. However, precisely when the FDA will issue the guidance document announcing the revised compliance policy and its precise contents remain unclear. Whether industry will file legal challenges to the revised compliance policy and whether a reviewing court would temporarily restrain or preliminarily enjoin the FDA from implementing the revised compliance during the pendency of any such legal challenge also remains uncertain.

For the six-month period ended September 30, 2019 and for prior periods, revenues of the Company and Purilum from the sales of e-liquid nicotine products have been derived almost exclusively from the sale of non-tobacco flavored e-liquids products, and Purilum’s business focus is on the development of flavors for vapable products. If the Company and Purilum are required to remove non-tobacco flavored e-liquids products from the market under a revised FDA compliance policy or they fail to complete the required marketing applications for their respective finished nicotine-containing vaping products by the ultimately required deadline, an endeavor that would be extremely time consuming and financially costly, or they fail to ultimately obtain FDA marketing authorizations in response to completed and timely filed marketing applications, Company and Purilum could be prevented from marketing and selling their respective finished vaping products in the United States, which may have a material effect on the business and financial condition and results of the Company. Similarly, if customers who purchase the Company’s or Purilum’s unfinished vaping products fail to obtain FDA marketing authorizations for the finished products that contain such unfinished vaping products (e.g., e-liquids, flavor concentrates), such failure may have a material effect on the business, financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

In addition, future regulatory changes made by the FDA, including potential restrictions or prohibitions on the sale of flavored tobacco products, including vaping products, could have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition, and results of operations of the Company.

State and local governments also currently regulate tobacco products, including the Company’s and Purilum’s nicotine-containing vaping products. Certain municipalities have enacted local ordinances that prohibit the use of e-liquid, e-cigarette, and other vaping products, and certain local jurisdictions have enacted total or partial bans on the sale of non-tobacco flavored tobacco products, including e-liquid, e-cigarette and other vaping products (including, without limitation San Francisco, California, Boulder, Colorado, and Aspen, Colorado).

In September and October 2019, several states, including Michigan, New York, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Montana, and Oregon issued or announced an intention to issue emergency regulations temporarily prohibiting the sale of either flavored vaping products, certain flavored vaping products, or all vaping products. A growing number of states have imposed excise taxes on e-liquids, e-cigarettes, and other vaping products. Other states and local jurisdictions have increased the minimum age to purchase such products to 19 or 21, have imposed restrictions or prohibitions on internet sales of such products, and have challenged the marketing of such products under consumer protection statutes (e.g., on the basis that certain marketers unlawfully target underage consumers or make unsubstantiated or misleading claims about their products). For example, in September 2019, Michigan implemented a renewable six-month ban on the sale of flavored e-liquid products; Massachusetts
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announced a temporary ban on the sale of flavored and non-flavored vaping products; New York announced a ban on flavored e-cigarettes; and lawmakers in New Jersey discussed a proposed ban on vaping. Federal, state and local regulations that prohibit or restrict the sale of vaping products, or that decrease consumer demand for these products by prohibiting their use in public places, raising the minimum age for their purchase, raising their prices to unattractive levels via taxation, or banning their sale could adversely impact the financial condition and results or operations of the Company.

On October 8, 2019, the City of New York filed a complaint in U.S. District Court against 24 e-liquids companies, including the Company’s Humble Juice subsidiary, seeking an injunction to prevent sales of e-cigarette products to residents of New York City without adequate age-verification systems and to prohibit marketing e-cigarettes to New York City residents under the age of 21, as well as statutory damages and compensation to the city for the costs of abating underage e-cigarette use.

Governmental and private sector actions, including restrictions imposed at the federal, state, and local level, may have an adverse impact on the Company, Purilum and their respective e-liquids businesses.
Certain health problems have recently been linked to the inhalation of aerosolized e-liquids. As of September 27, 2019, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control reported that federal and state agencies continue to investigate an outbreak of at least 805 lung injury cases involving patients from 46 states and one U.S. territory, including 12 confirmed deaths. The government reported that all such patients had a history of e-cigarette product use or vaping. While the government has indicated that no single product or substance has been linked to all such cases, approximately 77% reported using THC-containing products, 36% reported exclusive use of THC-containing products, 57% reported using nicotine-containing products, and 16% reported exclusive use of nicotine-containing products. As a result of the current outbreak or future developments related to potential health risks associated with vaping, governments and private sector parties could take actions aimed at reducing the incidence of vaping and/or seeking to hold manufacturers of e-liquids responsible for the adverse health effects associated with the use of vaping products. These actions, combined with potential deterioration in the public’s perception of e-liquids, may result in a reduced market for the Company's and Purilum’s e-liquid products.

Actions by the FDA and other federal, state, or local governments or agencies may impact consumers’ acceptance of or access to e-liquids products (for example, through product standards related to flavored products promulgated by the FDA), limit consumers’ e-liquids choices, delay or prevent the launch of new or modified e-liquids products or products with claims of reduced risk, require the recall or other removal of e-liquids products from the marketplace (for example, as a result of product contamination or regulations that ban certain flavors or ingredients), restrict communications to e-liquids consumers, restrict the ability to differentiate e-liquids products, create a competitive advantage or disadvantage for certain e-liquids companies, impose additional manufacturing, labeling, or packaging requirements, interrupt manufacturing or otherwise significantly increase the cost of doing business, or restrict or prevent the use of specified e-liquids products in certain locations or the sale of e-liquids products by certain retail establishments. Any one or more of these actions may have a material adverse impact on the Company's business, financial condition, and results of operations.

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Item 6. Exhibits

Amended and Restated Pyxus International, Inc. 2016 Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed by Pyxus International, Inc. on July 15, 2019 (SEC File No. 001-13684))
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)
101.INSXBRL Instance Document (the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
101.SCHXBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema (filed herewith)
101.CALXBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase (filed herewith)
101.DEFXBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase (filed herewith)
101.LABXBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase (filed herewith)
101.PREXBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase (filed herewith)


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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Pyxus International, Inc.
Date: November 7, 2019February 10, 2020        /s/ Philip C. Garofolo
Philip C. Garofolo
Vice President - Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)
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