UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
 
 
Form 10-Q
 
 
   
þ
 QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
  For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2006March 31, 2007
or
o
 TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
 
Commission file number: 1-6686
 
 
THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
   
Delaware 13-1024020
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)
 
 
1114 Avenue of the Americas, New York, New York 10036
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
 
(212) 704-1200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ     No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” inRule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer þ     Accelerated filer o     Non-accelerated filer o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined inRule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o     No þ
 
The number of shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of October 31, 2006April 30, 2007 was 441,182,731.468,887,871.
 


 

THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
INDEX
 
         
    Page No.
 
 Financial Statements (Unaudited) 2
  Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30,March 31, 2007 and 2006 and 2005 2
  Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2006March 31, 2007 and December 31, 20052006 3
  Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the NineThree Months Ended September 30,March 31, 2007 and 2006 and 2005 4
  Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30,March 31, 2007 and 2006 and 2005 5
  Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 6
 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 2914
 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk 4624
 Controls and Procedures 4624
 
 Legal Proceedings 4725
 Risk Factors 4725
 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds 4725
 Exhibits 4826
 5027
 5128
 EX-10.III.A: LETTER FROM RICHARD GOLDSTEINDESCRIPTION OF PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES TO BE USED TO DETERMINE 2007 MANAGEMENT INCENTIVE COMPENSATION AWARDS
 EX-10.III.B: LETTER FROM JILL M. CONSIDINEEX-12.1: SUPPLEMENTAL COMPUTATION OF RATIOS OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
EX-12.2: SUPPLEMENTAL COMPUTATION OF RATIOS OF EARNINGS TO COMBINED FIXED CHARGES AND PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS
 EX-31.1: CERTIFICATION
 EX-31.2: CERTIFICATION
 EX-32: CERTIFICATION
INFORMATION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING DISCLOSURE
This quarterly report onForm 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. Statements in this report that are not historical facts, including statements about management’s beliefs and expectations, constitute forward-looking statements. These statements are based on current plans, estimates and projections, and are subject to change based on a number of factors, including those outlined in our 2006 Annual Report onForm 10-K under Item 1A, Risk Factors. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update publicly any of them in light of new information or future events.
Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties. A number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement. Such factors include, but are not limited to, the following:
• risks arising from material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, including material weaknesses in our control environment;
• our ability to attract new clients and retain existing clients;
• our ability to retain and attract key employees;
• risks associated with assumptions we make in connection with our critical accounting estimates;
• potential adverse effects if we are required to recognize impairment charges or other adverse accounting-related developments;
• potential adverse developments in connection with the ongoing Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) investigation;
• potential downgrades in the credit ratings of our securities;
• risks associated with the effects of global, national and regional economic and political conditions, including fluctuations in economic growth rates, interest rates and currency exchange rates; and
• developments from changes in the regulatory and legal environment for advertising and marketing and communications services companies around the world.
Investors should carefully consider these factors and the additional risk factors outlined in more detail in our 2006 Annual Report onForm 10-K under Item 1A, Risk Factors.


 
Part I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1.  Financial Statements
 
THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)
 
                 
  Three Months Ended September 30,  Nine Months Ended September 30, 
  2006  2005  2006  2005 
     (Restated)     (Restated) 
 
REVENUE
 $1,453.8  $1,439.7  $4,313.7  $4,378.6 
                 
OPERATING EXPENSES:
                
Salaries and related expenses  960.7   962.8   2,856.5   2,891.6 
Office and general expenses  465.8   578.5   1,506.1   1,651.0 
Restructuring and other reorganization related charges (reversals)  6.2   0.1   12.9   (8.7)
Long-lived asset impairment and other charges     6.5      6.5 
                 
Total operating expenses  1,432.7   1,547.9   4,375.5   4,540.4 
                 
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)
  21.1   (108.2)  (61.8)  (161.8)
                 
EXPENSES AND OTHER INCOME:
                
Interest expense  (57.0)  (46.7)  (155.1)  (135.8)
Interest income  25.1   21.8   77.4   53.2 
Other income (expense)  22.4   (2.2)  47.5   13.2 
                 
Total (expenses) and other income  (9.5)  (27.1)  (30.2)  (69.4)
                 
Income (loss) from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes
  11.6   (135.3)  (92.0)  (231.2)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes  8.4   (34.8)  1.4   4.5 
                 
Income (loss) from continuing operations of consolidated companies
  3.2   (100.5)  (93.4)  (235.7)
Income applicable to minority interests, net of tax  (3.8)  (4.6)  (9.8)  (9.5)
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax  1.4   2.3   2.7   5.2 
                 
Income (loss) from continuing operations  0.8   (102.8)  (100.5)  (240.0)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax  5.0      5.0    
                 
NET INCOME (LOSS)
  5.8   (102.8)  (95.5)  (240.0)
Dividends on preferred stock  11.9   5.0   35.7   15.0 
                 
NET LOSS APPLICABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS
 $(6.1) $(107.8) $(131.2) $(255.0)
                 
Earnings (loss) per share of common stock — basic and diluted Continuing operations $(0.03) $(0.25) $(0.32) $(0.60)
Discontinued operations  0.01      0.01    
                 
Total* $(0.01) $(0.25) $(0.31) $(0.60)
                 
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding —                
basic and diluted  427.2   425.3   426.6   424.7 
         
  Three Months Ended
 
  March 31, 
  2007  2006 
 
REVENUE
 $1,359.1  $1,327.0 
         
OPERATING EXPENSES:
        
Salaries and related expenses  988.8   950.7 
Office and general expenses  495.1   535.5 
Restructuring and other reorganization-related (reversals) charges  (0.6)  0.4 
         
Total operating expenses  1,483.3   1,486.6 
         
OPERATING LOSS
  (124.2)  (159.6)
         
EXPENSES AND OTHER INCOME:
        
Interest expense  (55.0)  (46.1)
Interest income  28.5   25.9 
Other (expense) income  (1.5)  0.6 
         
Total (expenses) and other income  (28.0)  (19.6)
         
Loss before benefit of income taxes
  (152.2)  (179.2)
Benefit of income taxes  (25.7)  (8.8)
         
Loss of consolidated companies
  (126.5)  (170.4)
Loss applicable to minority interests, net of tax  0.4   0.2 
Equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates, net of tax  0.2    
         
NET LOSS
  (125.9)  (170.2)
Dividends on preferred stock  6.9   11.9 
         
NET LOSS APPLICABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS
 $(132.8) $(182.1)
         
         
Loss per share of common stock — basic and diluted $(0.29) $(0.43)
         
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding — basic and diluted  456.0   426.0 
*Does not add due to rounding
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.


2


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Amounts in Millions)
(Unaudited)
 
                
 September 30,
 December 31,
  March 31,
 December 31,
 
 2006 2005  2007 2006 
ASSETS:
ASSETS:
        
Cash and cash equivalents $1,263.5  $2,075.9  $1,466.9  $1,955.7 
Marketable securities  205.6   115.6   51.5   1.4 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $96.6 and $105.5  3,430.6   4,015.7 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $79.5 and $81.3  3,459.7   3,934.9 
Expenditures billable to clients  1,068.7   917.6   1,118.2   1,021.4 
Deferred income taxes  184.3   184.3   70.9   70.9 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets  194.2   188.3   246.4   224.5 
          
Total current assets  6,346.9   7,497.4   6,413.6   7,208.8 
Land, buildings and equipment, net  608.0   650.0 
Land, buildings and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $1,032.6 and $1,017.0  605.6   624.0 
Deferred income taxes  389.4   297.3   522.2   476.5 
Investments  136.9   170.6   127.9   128.1 
Goodwill  3,081.9   3,030.9   3,077.1   3,067.8 
Other assets  368.4   299.0   348.2   358.9 
          
TOTAL ASSETS
 $10,931.5  $11,945.2  $11,094.6  $11,864.1 
          
LIABILITIES:
LIABILITIES:
LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable $3,560.3  $4,245.4  $3,801.0  $4,124.1 
Accrued liabilities  2,246.9   2,554.3   2,127.9   2,426.7 
Short-term debt  63.7   56.8   464.2   82.9 
          
Total current liabilities  5,870.9   6,856.5   6,393.1   6,633.7 
Long-term debt  2,183.8   2,183.0   1,846.1   2,248.6 
Deferred compensation and employee benefits  591.0   592.1   599.9   606.3 
Other non-current liabilities  375.8   319.0   384.9   388.4 
Minority interests in consolidated subsidiaries  38.0   49.3   41.6   46.5 
          
TOTAL LIABILITIES
  9,059.5   9,999.9   9,265.6   9,923.5 
          
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)        
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9)        
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
  1,872.0   1,945.3   1,829.0   1,940.6 
          
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 $10,931.5  $11,945.2  $11,094.6  $11,864.1 
          
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.


3


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Amounts in Millions)
(Unaudited)
 
                
 Nine Months Ended September 30,  Three Months Ended
 
 2006 2005  March 31, 
   (Restated)  2007 2006 
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
                
Net loss $(95.5) $(240.0) $(125.9) $(170.2)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax  (5.0)   
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash used in operating activities:
        
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
        
Depreciation and amortization of fixed assets and intangible assets  127.0   121.3   43.0   42.9 
Amortization of restricted stock awards and other non-cash compensation  37.1   29.2 
Provision for bad debt  3.8   4.2 
Amortization of restricted stock and other non-cash compensation  19.6   9.3 
Amortization of bond discounts and deferred financing costs  22.2   8.8   7.8   3.2 
Provision for bad debt  9.0   24.3 
Deferred income taxes  (81.9)  (37.8)
Gain on sale of investments  (40.4)  (13.9)
Deferred income tax benefit  (48.5)  (32.4)
Gain on sales of investments  (0.8)  (4.5)
Loss applicable to minority interests, net of tax  (0.4)  (0.2)
Other  22.4   16.9   7.3   4.6 
Change in assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions and dispositions:
                
Accounts receivable  690.8   310.1   489.6   450.2 
Expenditures billable to clients  (134.2)  (242.2)  (91.9)  (23.9)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets  (6.7)  3.7   (22.4)  (38.0)
Accounts payable  (814.2)  (257.5)  (347.4)  (494.3)
Accrued liabilities  (316.5)  (165.5)  (311.2)  (287.0)
Other non-current assets and liabilities     72.8   (5.1)  8.0 
Net change in assets and liabilities related to discontinued operations  5.0    
          
Net cash used in operating activities  (580.9)  (369.8)  (382.5)  (528.1)
          
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
                
Acquisitions, including deferred payments  (13.9)  (81.7)
Acquisitions, including deferred payments, net of cash acquired  (13.5)  (1.7)
Capital expenditures  (69.8)  (97.0)  (28.0)  (18.7)
Proceeds from sales of businesses and fixed assets  5.6   10.8 
Maturities of short-term marketable securities  238.4   77.4 
Purchases of short-term marketable securities  (288.4)  (381.7)
Proceeds from sales of businesses and fixed assets, net of cash sold  3.9   0.9 
Proceeds from sales of investments  83.0   63.7   13.1   6.5 
Purchases of investments  (34.1)  (34.3)  (9.6)  (4.7)
Maturities of short-term marketable securities  749.7   689.5 
Purchases of short-term marketable securities  (841.2)  (271.3)
          
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities  (120.7)  279.7 
Net cash used in investing activities  (84.1)  (322.0)
          
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
                
Increase (decrease) in short-term bank borrowings  14.3   (25.6)
Net decrease in short-term bank borrowings  (20.0)  (8.9)
Payments of long-term debt  (3.3)  (257.1)  (1.2)  (0.2)
Proceeds from long-term debt  0.8   252.3   0.6   0.1 
Issuance costs and consent fees  (41.8)  (17.6)
Call spread transaction costs  (29.2)   
Issuance of common stock     0.2 
Distributions to minority interests  (21.1)  (18.7)
Consent fees     (0.7)
Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs  1.4    
Distributions to minority interests, net  (4.6)  (6.3)
Preferred stock dividends  (35.1)  (15.0)  (6.9)  (11.2)
          
Net cash used in financing activities  (115.4)  (81.5)  (30.7)  (27.2)
          
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents  4.6   (27.0)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents  8.5   8.4 
          
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents  (812.4)  (198.6)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents  (488.8)  (868.9)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year  2,075.9   1,550.4   1,955.7   2,075.9 
          
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $1,263.5  $1,351.8  $1,466.9  $1,207.0 
          
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.


4


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(Amounts in Millions)
(Unaudited)
 
                 
  Three Months Ended September 30,  Nine Months Ended September 30, 
  2006  2005  2006  2005 
     (Restated)     (Restated) 
 
Net Income (Loss)
 $5.8  $(102.8) $(95.5) $(240.0)
Foreign currency translation adjustment  (7.1)  15.4   9.2   (44.3)
Reclassification of investment gain to net earnings (See Note 5)  (17.0)     (17.0)   
Minimum pension liability adjustment, net of tax  (0.1)  (0.1)  0.1   (0.1)
Unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities, net of tax                
Unrealized holding gain  2.3   0.3   8.8   18.0 
Unrealized holding loss        (8.1)   
Reclassification of gain to net earnings     (0.2)  (8.7)  (0.4)
                 
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on securities  2.3   0.1   (8.0)  17.6 
                 
Total Comprehensive Loss
 $(16.1) $(87.4) $(111.2) $(266.8)
                 
         
  Three Months Ended
 
  March 31, 
  2007  2006 
 
Net Loss
 $(125.9) $(170.2)
Foreign currency translation adjustment  13.7   12.8 
Adjustments to pension and other postretirement plans, net of tax  (0.2)   
Unrealized holding (losses) gains on securities, net of tax        
Unrealized holding gain     6.5 
Reclassification of gain to net earnings  (0.7)  (0.8)
         
Net unrealized holding (losses) gains on securities, net of tax  (0.7)  5.7 
         
Total Comprehensive Loss
 $(113.1) $(151.7)
         
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.


5


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)
 
Note 1:  Basis of Presentation
 
The unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 in this report are presented as restated. For information on the restatement and the impact of the restatement on ourconsolidated financial statements for the first three quarters of 2005, we refer you to Item 8., Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, Note 23, Results by Quarter (Unaudited), in our 2005 Annual Report onForm 10-K and to Note 13, Quarterly Restatement, in this Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q.
The Company initially applied the provisions of Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) No. 108,Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements, as a cumulative effect adjustment effective January 1, 2006, in connection with our review of our stock option practices. The impact of the cumulative effect adjustment was a $26.4 charge to accumulated deficit, a $23.3 credit to additional paid-in capital and a $3.1 credit to other non-current liabilities. See Notes 12 and 14 for further detail.
The unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared by The Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”, “Interpublic”, “we”, “us”, or “our”) pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments of a normal and recurring nature necessary for a fair statement of the Consolidated Statements of Operations, Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for each period presented. Certain classification revisionsreclassifications have been made to prior periods to conform to the current period presentation. The consolidated results for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the full year.year, as historically our consolidated revenue is lower in the first half of the fiscal year than in the second half. These financial results should be read in conjunction with our 20052006 Annual Report onForm 10-K.
As of March 31, 2007 we have included our $400.0 4.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 in short-term debt because holders of this debt may require us to repurchase these Notes on March 15, 2008 for cash at par.
Note 2:  Restructuring and Other Reorganization-Related (Reversals) Charges
The components of restructuring and other reorganization-related (reversals) charges were as follows:
             
  Three Months Ended
    
  March 31,    
  2007  2006    
 
Other reorganization-related reversals $(0.2) $     
Restructuring (reversals) charges            
Lease termination and other exit costs  0.1   0.4     
Severance and termination costs  (0.5)       
             
   (0.4)  0.4     
             
Total $(0.6) $0.4     
             
Restructuring (reversals) charges relate to lease termination and other exit costs and severance and termination costs for the 2003 and 2001 restructuring programs. For the first quarter of 2007, net reversals primarily consisted of adjustments to estimates primarily relating to our severance and lease termination costs offset by the amortization of the discounted liability related to lease terminations. Net restructuring reversals was comprised of net reversals of $(0.6) at Constituency Management Group (“CMG”) partially offset by net charges of $0.2 at Integrated Agency Networks (“IAN”).
A rollforward of the remaining liability for the 2003 and 2001 restructuring program is as follows:
             
  2003
  2001
    
  Program  Program  Total 
 
Liability at December 31, 2006 $12.6  $19.2  $31.8 
Charges and adjustments  (0.6)  0.2   (0.4)
Payments and other  (0.5)  (1.5)  (2.0)
             
Liability at March 31, 2007 $11.5  $17.9  $29.4 
             


6


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 2:  Earnings (Loss) Per Share

Earnings (loss) per basic common share equals net loss applicable to common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. The following sets forth basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share applicable to common stock:
                 
  Three Months
  Nine Months
 
  Ended
  Ended
 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2006  2005  2006  2005 
     (Restated)     (Restated) 
 
Basic and Diluted
                
Income (loss) from continuing operations $0.8  $(102.8) $(100.5) $(240.0)
Less: preferred stock dividends  11.9   5.0   35.7   15.0 
                 
  $(11.1) $(107.8) $(136.2) $(255.0)
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax  5.0      5.0    
                 
Net loss applicable to common stockholders
 $(6.1) $(107.8) $(131.2) $(255.0)
                 
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding — basic and diluted  427.2   425.3   426.6   424.7 
Loss per share from continuing operations $(0.03) $(0.25) $(0.32) $(0.60)
Earnings per share from discontinued operations  0.01      0.01    
                 
Earnings (loss) per share — basic and diluted*
 $(0.01) $(0.25) $(0.31) $(0.60)
                 
*Does not add due to rounding
Basic and diluted shares outstanding and earnings (loss) per share are equal for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 because our potentially dilutive securities are anti-dilutive as a result of the net loss applicable to common stockholders in each period. Our participating securities have no impact on our net loss applicable to common stockholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 as there are no earnings distributable to common stockholders after deducting preferred stock dividends.


7


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

The following table presents the potential shares excluded from diluted earnings (loss) per share because the effect of including these potential shares would be anti-dilutive:
                 
  Three Months
  Nine Months
 
  Ended
  Ended
 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2006  2005  2006  2005 
 
Stock Options and Nonvested Restricted Stock Awards  5.5   5.4   4.7   4.9 
4.50% Convertible Senior Notes  64.4   64.4   64.4   64.4 
Series A Mandatory Convertible Preferred Stock  27.7   27.7   27.7   27.7 
Series B Cumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock  38.4      38.4    
                 
Total  136.0   97.5   135.2   97.0 
                 
Securities excluded from diluted earnings (loss) per share calculation because the exercise price was greater than the average market price:                
Stock options  32.7   36.0   31.8   33.3 
Warrants  67.9      27.1    
The potential dilutive impact of the warrants would be based upon the difference between the market price of one share of our common stock and the stated exercise prices of the warrants. See Note 8 for additional information.
Note 3:  Stock-Based Compensation
In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment(“SFAS No. 123R”). SFAS No. 123R requires compensation costs related to share-based transactions, including employee stock options, to be recognized in the financial statements based on fair value. SFAS No. 123R revises SFAS No. 123, as amended,Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation(“SFAS No. 123”), and supersedes Accounting Principles Board Opinion (“APB”) No. 25,Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees(“APB No. 25”).
Effective January 1, 2006, we implemented SFAS No. 123R using the modified prospective transition method. Under this transition method, the compensation expense recognized beginning January 1, 2006 includes compensation expense for (i) all stock-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested as of, January 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS No. 123, and (ii) all stock-based payments granted subsequent to December 31, 2005 based on the grant-date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123R. Stock-based compensation expense is generally recognized ratably over the requisite service period.
Prior to January 1, 2006, we accounted for stock-based compensation plans in accordance with the provisions of APB No. 25, as permitted by SFAS No. 123, and accordingly, did not recognize compensation expense for the issuance of stock options with an exercise price equal to or greater than the market price at the date of grant. However, see Note 14 for detail of our review of our stock option practices. In addition, our Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) was not considered compensatory under APB No. 25 and, therefore, no expense was required to be recognized. Compensation expense was previously recognized for restricted stock, restricted stock units, performance-based stock and share appreciation performance-based units. The effect of forfeitures on restricted stock, restricted stock units and performance-based stock was recognized when such forfeitures occurred.


8


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the net incremental stock-based compensation expense included in salaries and related expenses recognized in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations as a result of the adoption of SFAS No. 123R:
         
  Three Months
  Nine Months
 
  Ended
  Ended
 
  September 30,
  September 30,
 
  2006  2006 
 
Income (loss) from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes $0.9  $3.4 
Net income (loss) $0.6  $2.3 
Net loss applicable to common stockholders $0.6  $2.3 
The impact on basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share was less than one cent for the three months ended September 30, 2006 and one cent for the nine months ended September 30, 2006. On January 1, 2006, we recorded a benefit from the cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle due to the initial adoption of SFAS No. 123R of $3.6 ($2.3, net of tax) in salaries and related expenses in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations.
The following table summarizes stock-based compensation expense included in salaries and related expenses recognized in the unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations:
                 
  Three Months
 Nine Months
  Ended
 Ended
  September 30, September 30,
  2006 2005 2006 2005
 
Stock-based compensation expense $21.8  $13.9  $45.2  $34.1 
Tax benefit $7.1  $4.6  $14.7  $11.2 
In addition, stock-based compensation expense of $0.3 and $1.7 is included in restructuring and other reorganization related charges for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, respectively. See Note 4 for further explanation.
Certain stock-based compensation awards expected to be settled in cash have been classified as liabilities in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005.


9


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

Under the modified prospective application method, results for prior periods have not been restated to reflect the effects of implementing SFAS No. 123R. The following pro forma information presents our pro forma net loss applicable to common stockholders and loss per share if stock-based compensation expense, net of forfeitures, for our stock option plans and ESPP had been determined based on the fair value at the grant dates as defined by SFAS No. 123 and amended by SFAS No. 148,Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation — Transition and Disclosure — An Amendment of FASB No. 123:
         
  Three Months
  Nine Months
 
  Ended
  Ended
 
  September 30,
  September 30,
 
  2005  2005 
  (Restated)  (Restated) 
 
As reported, net loss $(102.8) $(240.0)
Dividends on preferred stock  5.0   15.0 
         
Net loss applicable to common stockholders
 $(107.8) $(255.0)
Add back:        
Stock-based employee compensation expense included in net loss applicable to common stockholders, net of tax  9.3   22.8 
Less:        
Total fair value of stock-based employee compensation expense, net of tax  (14.3)  (38.7)
         
Pro forma net loss applicable to common stockholders $(112.8) $(270.9)
         
Loss per share — basic and diluted        
As reported $(0.25) $(0.60)
Pro forma $(0.27) $(0.64)
The 15% discount received by employees on the date that common stock was purchased under our former ESPP had a weighted-average fair value of $1.97 per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and is included in the total fair value of stock-based employee compensation expense. The ESPP expired effective June 30, 2005.
We issue stock and cash based incentive awards to our employees under a plan established by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors and approved by our shareholders. In May 2006, our shareholders approved the 2006 Performance Incentive Plan (the “2006 PIP”). Under the 2006 PIP, up to 6.0 shares of common stock may be used for granting stock options and stock appreciation rights and up to 33.0 shares of common stock may be used for granting performance-based awards and other stock-based awards. Subject to the terms of the 2006 PIP, additional awards may be granted from shares available for issuance under previous plans and in other limited circumstances. Only a certain number of shares are available for each type of award under the 2006 PIP, and there are similar limits on the number of shares that may be awarded to any one participant. The vesting period of awards granted is generally commensurate with the requisite service period. We generally issue new shares to satisfy the exercise of stock options or the distribution of other stock-based awards. During the second quarter of 2006 the Compensation Committee began to grant new awards under the 2006 PIP.
Stock Options
Stock options are granted at the fair market value of our common stock on the grant date and are generally exercisable between two and five years from the grant date and expire ten years from the grant date.


10


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

The following tables are a summary of stock option activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2006:
                 
        Weighted-
    
        Average
    
     Weighted-
  Remaining
  Aggregate
 
     Average
  Contractual Term
  Intrinsic
 
  Options  Exercise Price  (in years)  Value 
 
Stock options outstanding as of January 1, 2006  36.3  $25.06         
Granted  3.2   8.72         
Cancelled/expired  (5.5)  22.87         
Forfeited  (0.1)  11.02         
                 
Stock options outstanding as of September 30, 2006  33.9   23.92   5.2  $4.7 
Stock options vested and expected to vest as of September 30, 2006  32.8   24.37   5.1  $4.5 
Stock options exercisable at September 30, 2006  27.5   27.06   4.3  $0.9 
Nonvested stock option activity:
                 
     Weighted-
  Weighted-
    
     Average
  Average
    
     Grant Date
  Remaining
  Aggregate
 
     Fair Value
  Contractual Term
  Intrinsic
 
Nonvested Stock Options
 Options  (per option)  (in years)  Value 
 
Nonvested as of January 1, 2006  3.4  $5.65         
Granted  3.2   3.91         
Vested  (0.1)  6.30         
Forfeited  (0.1)  4.85         
                 
Nonvested as of September 30, 2006  6.4   4.79 �� 9.2  $3.8 
There were no stock options exercised during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and accordingly, there was no impact on cash flows from operations and financing activities. The intrinsic value of stock options exercised for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was $0.4. As of September 30, 2006 there was $22.5 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested stock options granted, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.2 years.
We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of options granted, which requires the input of subjective assumptions including the option’s expected term and the price volatility of the underlying stock. Changes in the assumptions can materially affect the estimate of fair value and our results of operations could be materially impacted.
During the third quarter of 2005, we revised our assumptions for expected volatility and expected term. Prior to the third quarter of 2005, we estimated (i) expected volatility based on historical volatility of our common stock over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected term of our stock options and (ii) expected term based on the historical patterns of exercises.


11


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

Our assumptions used for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and the three months ended September 30, 2005 were as follows:
Expected Volatility:  The expected volatility factor used to estimate the fair value of stock options awarded is based on a blend of: (i) historical volatility of our common stock for periods equal to the expected term of our stock options and (ii) implied volatility of tradable forward put and call options to purchase and sell shares of our common stock.
Expected Term:  Our estimate of expected term is based on the average of (i) an assumption that all outstanding options are exercised upon achieving their full vesting date and (ii) an assumption that all outstanding options will be exercised at the midpoint between the current date, (i.e., the date awards have ratably vested through), and their full contractual term. In determining the estimate, we considered several factors, including the historical option exercise behavior of our employees and the terms and vesting periods of the options.
Expected Dividend Yield:  No dividend yield was assumed because we currently do not pay cash dividends on our common stock and have no current plans to reinstate a dividend.
Risk Free Interest Rate:  The risk free rate is determined using the implied yield currently available for zero-coupon U.S. government issuers with a remaining term equal to the expected term of the options.
The fair value of each option grant has been estimated with the following weighted-average assumptions:
                 
  Three Months
  Nine Months
 
  Ended
  Ended
 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2006  2005  2006  2005 
 
Expected volatility  38.9%  38.6%  38.9%  41.0%
Expected term (years)  5.9   5.7   5.9   5.8 
Risk free interest rate  5.1%  4.2%  5.1%  4.0%
Expected dividend yield  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%  0.0%
Option grant price $9.67  $12.19  $8.72  $12.43 
Option grant-date fair value $4.44  $5.27  $3.91  $5.63 
Restricted Stock
Restricted stock is granted to certain key employees and is subject to certain restrictions and vesting requirements as determined by the Compensation Committee. The vesting period is generally two to five years. No monetary consideration is paid by a recipient for a restricted stock award, and the fair value of the shares on the grant date is amortized over the vesting period.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we awarded 5.2 and 3.9 shares of restricted stock with a weighted-average grant-date fair value of $8.71 and $12.16 per award, respectively. The total fair value of restricted stock distributed to participants during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 was $10.1 and $12.7, respectively.
Restricted Stock Units
Restricted stock units are granted to certain key employees and generally vest over three years. Upon completion of the vesting period, the grantee is entitled, at the Compensation Committee’s discretion, to receive a payment in cash or in shares of common stock based on the fair market value of the corresponding number of shares of common stock. The holder of restricted stock units has no ownership interest in the


12


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

underlying shares of common stock until the restricted stock units vest and the shares of common stock are issued. No monetary consideration is paid by a recipient for a restricted stock unit award. The fair value of restricted stock unit awards is adjusted at the end of each quarter based on our share price. We amortize stock-based compensation expense related to these awards over the vesting period based upon the quarterly-adjusted fair value.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we awarded 2.1 and 1.7 restricted stock units with a weighted-average grant-date fair value of $8.69 and $12.19 per award, respectively. The total fair value of restricted stock units distributed to participants during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 was $0.1, and fewer than 0.1 units were distributed. No restricted stock units vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2005.
Performance-Based Stock
Performance-based stock awards have been granted to certain key employees subject to certain restrictions and vesting requirements as determined by the Compensation Committee. Performance-based stock awards are a form of stock award in which the number of shares ultimately received by the participant depends on performance against specific performance targets. The awards generally vest over a three-year period related to the employees’ continuing employment and the achievement of certain performance objectives. The final number of shares that could ultimately be received by a participant ranges from 0% to 200% of the amount of shares originally granted. The holder of an award of performance-based stock has no ownership interest in the underlying shares of common stock until the award vests and the shares of common stock are issued. We amortize stock-based compensation expense for the estimated number of performance-based stock awards that we expect to vest over the vesting period generally using the grant-date fair value of the shares. No monetary consideration is paid by a participant for a performance-based stock award.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, we awarded 9.8 and 2.1 shares of performance-based stock with a weighted-average grant-date fair value of $9.69 and $12.24 per award, respectively. The total fair value of performance-based stock distributed to participants during the nine months ended September 30, 2006 was less than $0.1, and fewer than 0.1 shares were distributed. No performance-based stock awards vested during the nine months ended September 30, 2005.
A summary of the activity of our nonvested restricted stock, restricted stock units, and performance-based stock as of September 30, 2006 and changes during the nine months then ended is presented below:
                         
  Restricted Stock  Restricted Stock Units  Performance-Based Stock 
     Weighted-
     Weighted-
     Weighted-
 
     Average
     Average
     Average
 
     Grant-Date
     Grant-Date
     Grant-Date
 
     Fair Value
     Fair Value
     Fair Value
 
  Awards  (per award)  Awards  (per award)  Awards  (per award) 
 
Nonvested as of January 1, 2006  9.5  $15.35   2.3  $12.54   2.8  $12.34 
Granted  5.2   8.71   2.1   8.69   9.8   9.69 
Vested  (1.1)  22.71      12.43      12.15 
Forfeited  (0.7)  13.67   (0.3)  12.42   (0.7)  11.30 
                         
Nonvested as of September 30, 2006  12.9  $12.17   4.1  $10.58   11.9  $10.21 
Total unrecognized compensation expense remaining $77.2      $27.6      $41.4     
Weighted-average years expected to be recognized over  1.8 years       2.1 years       2.5 years     


13


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

Share Appreciation Performance-Based Units
In August 2005, we granted Michael Roth, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, 0.3 share appreciation performance-based units (“SAPUs”) based on a weighted-average grant-date stock price of $12.17. At the Compensation Committee’s discretion, the grantee is entitled to receive a payment in cash or shares of common stock upon completion of a four-year vesting period. The holder of the SAPUs has no ownership interest in the underlying shares of common stock until the SAPUs vest and the shares of common stock are issued. The fair value of the SAPUs is estimated using the Black-Scholes valuation model, using assumptions similar to those used for stock options. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006, we recorded stock-based compensation expense for SAPUs of $0.1 and $0.3, respectively. As of September 30, 2006, there was $0.7 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to nonvested SAPUs that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.8 years. We amortize stock-based compensation expense related to these awards over the vesting period based upon the quarterly-adjusted fair value.
Employee Stock Purchase Plans
In November 2005, our stockholders approved the establishment of an Interpublic Group of Companies Employee Stock Purchase Plan (2006) (the “2006 Plan”) to replace the previously existing ESPP. Under the 2006 Plan, employees may purchase our common stock through payroll deductions not exceeding 10% of their compensation. The price an employee pays for a share of stock under the 2006 Plan is 90% of the lesser of the average market price of a share on the offering date or the average market price of a share on the last business day of the offering period. An aggregate of 15.0 shares are reserved for issuance under the 2006 Plan. During the second quarter of 2006, we filed a registration statement with the SEC to register the shares that may be purchased under the 2006 Plan. This plan is not yet active.
Note 4:  Restructuring and Other Reorganization Related Charges (Reversals)
The components of restructuring and other reorganization related charges (reversals) consist of the following:
                 
  Three Months
  Nine Months
 
  Ended
  Ended
 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2006  2005  2006  2005 
     (Restated)     (Restated) 
 
Restructuring charges (reversals) $1.3  $0.1  $1.7  $(8.7)
Other reorganization related charges  4.9      11.2    
                 
Total $6.2  $0.1  $12.9  $(8.7)
                 
Restructuring Charges (Reversals)
We record charges and (reversals) related to lease termination and other exit costs and severance and termination costs for the 2003 and 2001 restructuring programs. Included in the net charges and (reversals) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 are adjustments resulting from changes in management’s estimates as described below. The 2003 program was initiated in response to softness in demand for advertising and marketing services. The 2001 program was initiated following the acquisition of True North Communications Inc. and was designed to integrate the acquisition and improve productivity. Since their inception, total net charges for the 2003 and 2001 programs were $222.4 and $644.5, respectively. Substantially all activities under the 2003 and 2001 programs have been completed. A summary of the net


14


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

charges and (reversals), classified by our Integrated Agency Network (“IAN”) and Constituency Management Group (“CMG”) segments and our Corporate group, is as follows:
                 
  Three Months Ended September 30, 
  Lease Termination and
  Severance and
    
  Other Exit Costs  Termination Costs    
  2003
  2001
  2003
    
  Program  Program  Program  Total 
 
2006 Net Charges (Reversals)
                
IAN $0.1  $0.3  $0.1  $0.5 
CMG  (2.0)  2.8      0.8 
                 
Total $(1.9) $3.1  $0.1  $1.3 
                 
2005 Net (Reversals) Charges (Restated)
                
IAN $(1.3) $0.9  $(0.1) $(0.5)
CMG  0.2   0.7   (0.3)  0.6 
                 
Total $(1.1) $1.6  $(0.4) $0.1 
                 
                 
  Nine Months Ended September 30, 
  Lease Termination and
  Severance and
    
  Other Exit Costs  Termination Costs    
  2003
  2001
  2003
    
  Program  Program  Program  Total 
 
2006 Net Charges (Reversals)
                
IAN $(0.3) $0.7  $0.1  $0.5 
CMG  (1.6)  2.8      1.2 
                 
Total $(1.9) $3.5  $0.1  $1.7 
                 
2005 Net Charges (Reversals) (Restated)
                
IAN $(5.7) $0.2  $(0.3) $(5.8)
CMG  (0.8)  (1.0)  (0.5)  (2.3)
Corporate  (0.1)  (0.5)     (0.6)
                 
Total $(6.6) $(1.3) $(0.8) $(8.7)
                 
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, charges were recorded for the amortization of the discounted liability related to lease terminations for the 2003 program, which is being amortized over the expected remaining term of the related leases. Given the remaining life of the vacated leased properties under the 2003 and 2001 programs, cash payments are expected to be made through 2015 and 2024, respectively. These charges were offset by adjustments to management’s estimates as a result of our negotiation of terms upon the exit of leased properties, changes in sublease rental income and utilization of previously vacated properties by certain of our agencies due to improved economic conditions in certain markets.
During the three months ended September 30, 2006, we recorded net charges to lease termination and other exit costs of $1.2, comprised of charges of $0.3 and adjustments to management’s estimates of $0.9. For the three months ended September 30, 2005 we recorded net charges of $0.5, comprised of charges of $0.3 and adjustments to management’s estimates of $0.2. For the nine months ended September 30, 2006, we


15


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

recorded net charges $1.6, comprised of charges of $0.7 and adjustments to management’s estimates of $0.9. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we recorded a net reversal of ($7.9), comprised of charges of $2.1, offset by adjustments to management’s estimates of ($10.0).
Net charges (reversals) related to severance and termination costs recorded in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 resulted from the impact of adjustments to management’s estimates as a result of the change in amounts paid to terminated employees and related payroll taxes.
A summary of the remaining liability for the 2003 and 2001 restructuring programs is as follows:
                     
  December 31,
  Charges and
        September 30,
 
  2005  Adjustments  Payments  Other(1)  2006 
 
2003 Program
                    
Lease termination and other exit costs $23.6  $(1.9) $(7.8) $(1.0) $12.9 
Severance and termination costs  2.4   0.1   (0.6)  0.2   2.1 
                     
Total $26.0  $(1.8) $(8.4) $(0.8) $15.0 
                     
2001 Program
                    
Lease termination and other exit costs $22.5  $3.5  $(5.3) $0.6  $21.3 
Severance and termination costs  0.5            0.5 
                     
Total $23.0  $3.5  $(5.3) $0.6  $21.8 
                     
Total restructuring
 $49.0  $1.7  $(13.7) $(0.2) $36.8 
                     
(1)Amounts represent adjustments to the liability primarily for changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
Other Reorganization Related Charges
Other reorganization related charges primarily represent severance charges directly associated with two significant strategic business decisions: the merger of Draft Worldwide and Foote, Cone and Belding Worldwide to create a global integrated marketing organization called Draft FCB Group; and our realignment of our media business to meet evolving client needs. These charges were separated from salaries and related expenses within the unaudited Consolidated Statement of Operations as they did not result from charges that occurred in the normal course of business.
Note 5:3:  Supplementary Data
 
Land, Buildings and Equipment
         
  September 30,
  December 31,
 
  2006  2005 
 
Land and buildings $102.2  $97.0 
Furniture and equipment  952.4   954.3 
Leasehold improvements  573.1   549.6 
         
   1,627.7   1,600.9 
Less: accumulated depreciation  (1,019.7)  (950.9)
         
Total $608.0  $650.0 
         


16


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

Accrued Liabilities
 
                
 September 30,
 December 31,
      March 31,    
 December 31,
 
 2006 2005  2007 2006 
Media and production expenses $1,518.6  $1,517.6  $1,563.4  $1,690.7 
Salaries, benefits and related expenses  344.6   447.2   323.7   460.6 
Vendor discounts and credits  121.1   195.1 
Office and related expenses  92.8   93.6   79.0   99.2 
Professional fees  39.2   70.4   37.2   46.1 
Restructuring and other reorganization related  39.6   49.0 
Restructuring and other reorganization-related  15.5   18.0 
Interest  25.4   35.2   24.6   30.0 
Taxes  7.9   46.7   6.2   7.3 
Other  57.7   99.5   78.3   74.8 
          
Total $2,246.9  $2,554.3  $2,127.9  $2,426.7 
          
2005 Restatement Liabilities
 
As part of the restatement set forth in ourthe 2004 Annual Report onForm 10-K filed in September 2005 (the “2005 Restatement”), we recognized liabilities related to vendor discounts and credits internal investigationswhere we had a contractual or legal obligation to rebate such amounts to our clients or vendors. Reductions to these liabilities are primarily achieved through settlements with clients and international compensation arrangements.vendors but also may occur if the applicable statute of limitations has lapsed. For the ninethree months ended September 30, 2006,March 31, 2007, we satisfied $55.3$13.2 of these liabilities through cash payments of $50.4$3.8 and reductions of certain client receivables of $4.9. A portion$9.4. Also, as part of thesethe 2005 Restatement, we recognized liabilities is included in the accrued balance noted above.related to internal investigations and international compensation arrangements. A summary of these and the vendor discounts and credits liabilities, related to these matterswhich are primarily included in accounts payable, is as follows:
 
                
 September 30,
 December 31,
      March 31,    
 December 31,
 
 2006 2005  2007 2006 
Vendor discounts and credits $232.8  $284.8  $199.8  $211.2 
Internal investigations (includes asset reserves)  19.3   24.7   19.5   19.5 
International compensation arrangements  36.7   36.2   28.1   32.3 
          
Total $288.8  $345.7  $247.4  $263.0 
          
Included in:        
Accounts payable $114.7  $104.4 
Accrued liabilities  174.1   241.3 
     
Total $288.8  $345.7 
     
Other Income (Expense)
For the three months ended September 30, 2006, we sold our interest in a German advertising agency and accordingly recognized the related remaining cumulative translation adjustment balance. This resulted in a non-cash benefit of $17.0.


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THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 6:4:  Effective Income Tax RateLoss Per Share

 
                 
  Three Months
  Nine Months
 
  Ended
  Ended
 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2006  2005  2006  2005 
     (Restated)     (Restated) 
 
Income (loss) from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes $11.6  $(135.3) $(92.0) $(231.2)
                 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes — continuing operations $8.4  $(34.8) $1.4  $4.5 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes — discontinued operations  (5.0)     (5.0)   
                 
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes $3.4  $(34.8) $(3.6) $4.5 
                 
Loss per basic common share equals net loss applicable to common stockholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the applicable period. The following sets forth basic and diluted loss per common share applicable to common stock:
         
  Three Months Ended
 
  March 31, 
  2007  2006 
 
Basic and Diluted
        
Net loss $(125.9) $(170.2)
Less: preferred stock dividends  6.9   11.9 
         
Net loss applicable to common stockholders
 $(132.8) $(182.1)
         
Weighted-average number of common shares outstanding — basic and diluted
  456.0   426.0 
Loss per share — basic and diluted
 $(0.29) $(0.43)
Basic and diluted shares outstanding and loss per share are equal for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006 because our potentially dilutive securities are antidilutive as a result of the net loss applicable to common stockholders in each period. Our participating securities have no impact on our net loss applicable to common stockholders for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006 as there are no earnings distributable to common stockholders after deducting preferred stock dividends.
The following table presents the potential shares excluded from diluted loss per share because the effect of including these potential shares would be antidilutive:
         
  Three Months Ended
 
  March 31, 
  2007  2006 
 
Stock Options and Non-vested Restricted Stock Awards      8.6       5.4 
Capped Warrants  5.6    
Uncapped Warrants  2.7    
4.25% Convertible Senior Notes  32.2    
4.50% Convertible Senior Notes  32.2   64.4 
Series A Mandatory Convertible Preferred Stock     27.7 
Series B Cumulative Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock  38.4   38.4 
         
Total  119.7   135.9 
         
Securities excluded from the loss per share calculation because the exercise price was greater than the average market price:        
Stock Options(1)
  19.3   30.6 
(1)These options represent what is outstanding at the end of the respective period. At the point that the exercise price is less than the average market price, these options have the potential to be dilutive and application of the treasury stock method would reduce this amount.


8


NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

There were an additional 8.2 and 3.0 outstanding stock options to purchase common shares as of March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, with exercise prices less than the average market price for the respective period. However, these options are not included in the table above presenting the potential shares excluded from diluted loss per share due to the application of the treasury stock method and the rules related to stock-based compensation arrangements.
Note 5:  Taxes
 
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006March 31, 2007 the difference between the effective tax rate and the statutory rate of 35% is due primarily to state and local taxes, losses incurred innon-U.S. jurisdictions and U.S. capital losses that receive no benefit currency translation income not subject to tax, and the favorable resolutionwrite-off of UKdeferred tax issues. Forassets for restricted stock. The improvement in the nine months ended September 30,effective tax rate, as compared to the first quarter of 2006, was primarily attributable to a reduction in the difference betweenlosses incurred innon-U.S. jurisdictions that receive no benefit and a reduction in the amount of U.S. taxation ofnon-U.S. income without offsetting U.S. foreign tax credits.
We adopted the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, (“FIN 48”) on January 1, 2007. As a result of the implementation of FIN 48, we recorded a $9.5 increase in the net liability for unrecognized tax positions, which was recorded as an adjustment to retained earnings effective January 1, 2007. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits at January 1, 2007 was $253.8, including $213.7 of tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact the effective tax rate and $40.1 of tax benefits that, if recognized, would result in adjustments to other tax accounts, primarily deferred taxes. The total amount of accrued interest and penalties at January 1, 2007 was $30.2. In accordance with our accounting policy, interest and penalties accrued on unrecognized tax benefits are classified as income taxes in the statutory rate was also affected bystatement of operations. We have not elected to change this classification with the reversaladoption of previously established valuation allowances in foreign jurisdictions, the resolution of IRS and various state and local income tax audits, and the reversal of previously claimed foreign tax credits.FIN 48.
 
In connection with2006, the disposition of our NFO World Group Inc. (“NFO”) operations inIRS completed the fourth quarter of 2003, we established a reserve for certain income tax contingencies with respect to the determination of our tax basis in NFO for income tax purposes. During the third quarter of 2006 we received a final study of the tax basis of our investment, and it was determined that the remaining reserve should be reversed as the related contingency is no longer considered probable.
As required by SFAS No. 109,Accounting for Income Taxes(“SFAS No. 109”), we evaluate the realizability of our deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis. SFAS No. 109 requires a valuation allowance to be established when it is “more likely than not” that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized. In circumstances where there is “sufficient negative evidence,” establishment of a valuation allowance must be considered. A cumulative loss in the most recent three-year period represents sufficient negative evidence to consider a valuation allowance under the provisions of SFAS No. 109. As a result, we have determined that certain of our deferred tax assets required the establishment of a valuation allowance. The deferred tax assets for which an allowance has been established relate primarily to foreign net operating losses, U.S. capital losses and foreign tax credit carryforwards.
The realization of our remaining deferred tax assets is primarily dependent on future earnings. Any reduction in estimated forecasted results, including but not limited to any future restructuring activities, may require that we record additional valuation allowances against our deferred tax assets on which a valuation allowance has not previously been established. The valuation allowance that has been established will be maintained until there is sufficient positive evidence to conclude that it is “more likely than not” that such assets will be realized. An ongoing pattern of profitability will generally be considered as sufficient positive evidence. The income tax expense recorded in the future will be reduced to the extent of offsetting decreases in the valuation allowance. The establishment and reversal of valuation allowances has had and could have a significant negative or positive impact on our future earnings.


18


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

In accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 18,Accounting for Income Taxes in Interim Periods — An Interpretation of APB Opinion No. 28, (“FIN 18”), we have determined the U.S. component of the income tax provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 on a discrete basis, since we could not reliably estimate our 2006 annual effective tax rate because minor changes in our estimated pre-tax results could have a significant impact on our annualized effective tax rate. Accordingly, the tax rate used for the U.S. component of the income tax provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 has been based on the actual effective tax rate for the period.
The IRS has recently completed their field audit of the years 1997 through 2002 and has proposed additions to our taxable income. We have appealed a number of these proposed additions. During the second quarter of 2006,additions and discussions are ongoing.
At March 31, 2007, the IRS commenced thefield audit of theour 2003 and 2004 income tax returns.returns remained ongoing. On May 1, 2007, the IRS completed its examination of these years and proposed a number of adjustments to our taxable income. We believe that our income tax reserves, including interest, are adequate for all open years.
Note 7:  Debt
Cash Poolings
We aggregate our net domestic cash position onintend to appeal a daily basis. Outside the United States, we use cash pooling arrangements with banks to help manage our liquidity requirements. Innumber of these pooling arrangements, several Interpublic agencies agree with a single bank that the cash balances of any of the agencies with the bank will be subject to a full right of setoff against amounts the other agencies owe the bank, and the bank provides overdrafts as long as the net balance for all the agencies does not exceed an agreed-upon level. Typically each agency pays interest on outstanding overdrafts and receives interest on cash balances. Our balance sheet reflects cash net of overdrafts for each pooling arrangement. At September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, a gross amount of $943.9 and $842.6, respectively, in cash was netted against an equal gross amount of overdrafts under pooling arrangements.
Credit Arrangements
Our primary credit agreement is a $750.0 Three-Year Credit Agreement, dated as of June 13, 2006 (the “Credit Agreement”). Under the Credit Agreement, a special-purpose entity called ELF Special Financing Ltd. (“ELF”) acts as the lender and letter of credit issuer. ELF is obligated at our request to make cash advances to us and to issue letters of credit for our account, in an aggregate amount not to exceed $750.0 outstanding at any time. The aggregate face amount of letters of credit may not exceed $600.0 at any time. Our obligations under the Credit Agreement are unsecured. The Credit Agreement is a revolving facility, under which amounts borrowed may be repaid and borrowed again, and the aggregate available amount of letters of credit may decrease or increase, subject to the overall limit of $750.0 and the $600.0 limit on letters of credit. We are not subject to any financial or other material restrictive covenants under the Credit Agreement.
We pay commitment fees on the undrawn amount under the Credit Agreement at 0.78% per annum.items. In addition, we pay anhave various tax years under examination by tax authorities in various countries, such as the United Kingdom, and in various states, such as New York, in which we have significant business operations. It is not yet known whether these examinations will, in the aggregate, result in our paying additional facility fee equaltaxes. We have established tax reserves that we believe to 0.15% per annum onbe adequate in relation to the full sizepotential for additional assessments in each of the facility. Ifjurisdictions in which we draw underare subject to taxation. We regularly assess the facility, interest is payable on any outstanding advances under the Credit Agreement at3-month LIBOR plus 0.78% per annum. The Credit Agreement will expire on June 15, 2009.likelihood of additional tax assessments in those jurisdictions and adjust our reserves as additional information or events require.
 
We entered intoWith respect to all tax years open to examination by U.S. Federal, various state, local, andnon-U.S. tax authorities, we currently anticipate that approximately $80.0 of previously unrecognized tax benefits related to various items of income and expense, including certain worthless securities deductions and transfer pricing adjustments, will be recognized in the Credit Agreement duringnext twelve months primarily as a result of the completion of tax examinations in the second quarter of 2006 as part2007 and the lapsing of a transactionstatutes of limitation.
With limited exceptions, we referare no longer subject to as the “ELF Financing.” ELF is a special-purpose entity incorporated in the Cayman Islands, in which we have no equityU.S. income tax audits for years prior to 1997, state and local income tax audits for years prior to 1999, or other interest and which we do not consolidatenon-U.S. income tax audits for financial reporting purposes. In the ELF Financing, institutional investors purchased from ELF debt securities issued by ELF (the “ELF Notes”) and warrants issued by us (referyears prior to Note 8). ELF received $750.0 in proceeds from these sales, which it used to purchase AAA-rated liquid assets. It will hold the liquid assets pending any request for borrowing from us or2000.


199


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

any drawing on any letters of credit issued for our account under the Credit Agreement, which ELF will fund by selling liquid assets. We are not the issuer of the ELF Notes and are not party to the indenture governing the ELF Notes. For the nine months ended September 30, 2006, in conjunction with the ELF Financing we paid $41.2 of issuance costs, with the offset recorded in other assets in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The issuance costs consist of approximately $25.0 of underwriting commissions, legal and accounting fees, printing costs and other fees or expenses, with the balance in a fee to one of the initial purchasers for its services as structuring agent for the offering. These costs will be amortized through the exercise date of the warrants on a straight-line basis as a component of interest expense.
Under certain circumstances, including certain events of default involving us or occurring under the ELF Notes, the commitment to make advances and issue letters of credit under the Credit Agreement may be terminated by ELF, acting on instruction of the holders of the ELF Notes. We will be entitled, prior to any such termination, to make a borrowing of up to the entire available amount of the commitment under the Credit Agreement (regardless of whether our obligations under the Credit Agreement have been accelerated). Upon termination of the commitment, the holders of the ELF Notes will automatically receive interests in the outstanding loans in exchange for their ELF Notes. Thereafter we will not be able to borrow or reborrow additional funds under the Credit Agreement, but the advances will remain outstanding as term loans maturing on June 15, 2009 (subject to the rights of the holders to accelerate the loans upon an event of default).
In connection with entering into the Credit Agreement, we terminated our previous committed credit agreement, the Amended and Restated Three-Year Credit Agreement, dated as of May 10, 2004, amended and restated as of September 27, 2005.
Note 8:  Warrants
As part of the ELF Financing completed during the second quarter of 2006, we issued 67.9 warrants, consisting of 29.1 capped warrants (“Capped Warrants”) and 38.8 uncapped warrants (“Uncapped Warrants”). In accordance with EITF IssueNo. 00-19,Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock (“EITFNo. 00-19”), we recorded $63.4 of deferred warrant cost in other assets in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, with the offset recorded to additional paid-in capital within stockholders’ equity. This amount is a non-cash transaction and represents the fair value of the warrants at the transaction close date estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which requires reliance on variables including the price volatility of the underlying stock. The deferred warrant cost will be amortized through the exercise date of the warrants as issuance costs on a straight-line basis as a non-cash element of interest expense.
The stated exercise date of the warrants is June 15, 2009. Following the exercise of the warrants each warrant will entitle the warrant holder to receive an amount in cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our option. The amount will be based, subject to customary adjustments, on the difference between the market price of one share of our common stock (calculated as the average share price over 30 trading days following expiration) and the stated exercise price of the warrant. For the Uncapped Warrants, the exercise price is $11.91 per warrant. For the Capped Warrants, the exercise price is $9.89 per warrant but the amount deliverable upon exercise is capped so a holder will not benefit from appreciation of the common stock above $12.36 per share.
Concurrently with the issuance of the warrants described above, we entered into call spread transactions with four different counterparties to reduce the potential dilution or cash cost upon exercise of the Uncapped Warrants. Each transaction gives us the right to receive, upon expiration of the options thereunder, an amount in cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our option. The amount will be based, subject to customary adjustments, on the difference between the market price of


20


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

one share of our common stock (calculated as the average share price over 30 trading days following expiration) and $11.91 per share, the exercise price of the Uncapped Warrants. The amount deliverable to us under the call spread transactions, however, is capped so we will not receive any amount relating to appreciation of our common stock above $14.38 per share, and we will incur dilution or cash costs upon exercise of the Uncapped Warrants to the extent our share price exceeds $14.38 per share at that time. The four transactions cover an aggregate notional amount of 38.8 shares, equivalent to the full number of the Uncapped Warrants, and had an aggregate purchase price of $29.2. In accordance with EITFNo. 00-19 the cost of the four transactions has been recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital within stockholders’ equity in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
In accordance with EITF IssueNo. 03-6,Participating Securities and the Two — Class Method Under Statement No. 128, the warrants are not considered securities with participation rights in earnings available to common stockholders due to the contingent nature of the exercise feature of these securities.
Note 9:6:  Employee Benefits
 
The components of net periodic cost for the domestic pension plans, the principal foreign pension plans and the postretirement benefit plans are as follows:
 
                         
  Domestic
  Foreign
  Postretirement
 
  Pension Plans  Pension Plans  Benefit Plans 
Three Months Ended September 30,
 2006  2005  2006  2005  2006  2005 
 
Service cost $0.2  $0.2  $4.0  $3.9  $0.1  $0.1 
Interest cost  2.2   2.1   5.8   5.2   0.6   0.9 
Expected return on plan assets  (2.5)  (2.4)  (4.6)  (3.6)      
Amortization of:                        
Transition obligation        0.1   0.1      0.1 
Prior service cost  0.1      0.1          
Unrecognized actuarial losses  1.9   1.6   1.7   1.7      0.2 
                         
Net periodic cost $1.9  $1.5  $7.1  $7.3  $0.7  $1.3 
                         
                                                
 Domestic
 Foreign
 Postretirement
  Domestic
 Foreign
 Postretirement
 
 Pension Plans Pension Plans Benefits  Pension Plans Pension Plans Benefit Plans 
Nine Months Ended September 30,
 2006 2005 2006 2005 2006 2005 
Three Months Ended March 31,
 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 
Service cost $0.6  $0.6  $12.4  $11.9  $0.4  $0.3  $  $0.2  $3.5  $4.1  $0.1  $0.1 
Interest cost  6.6   6.5   16.7   15.1   2.6   2.7   2.1   2.2   6.1   5.4   0.9   1.0 
Expected return on plan assets  (7.0)  (7.2)  (13.3)  (10.4)        (2.5)  (2.2)  (5.9)  (4.3)      
Amortization of:                                                
Transition obligation        0.2   0.1   0.1   0.1            0.1       
Prior service cost  0.1   (0.2)  0.1   0.1   (0.1)           0.1          
Unrecognized actuarial losses  5.0   4.8   4.8   5.1   0.5   0.6   1.2   1.5   0.8   1.5   0.3   0.3 
                          
Net periodic cost $5.3  $4.5  $20.9  $21.9  $3.5  $3.7  $0.8  $1.7  $4.6  $6.8  $1.3  $1.4 
                          
 
During the three months ended September 30, 2006,March 31, 2007, we made contributions of $17.0 and $5.6$5.3 to our domestic and foreign pension plans, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2006, we made contributions of $17.9 and $17.3 to our domestic and foreign pension plans, respectively.plans. For the remainder of 2006,2007, we do not anticipate making additional contributions to our domestic pension plans. We expect to contribute an additional $7.1$21.2 to our foreign pension plans.
Note 7:  Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Interpublic Group of Companies Employee Stock Purchase Plan (2006) (the “2006 Plan”) became active beginning April 1, 2007. Under the 2006 Plan, employees may purchase our common stock through payroll deductions not exceeding 10% of their compensation. The price an employee pays for a share of stock under the 2006 Plan is 90% of the lesser of the average market price of a share on the first business day of the offering period or the average market price of a share on the last business day of the offering period of three months. An aggregate of 15.0 shares are reserved for issuance under the 2006 Plan. We filed a registration statement with the SEC to register the shares that may be purchased under the 2006 Plan.


2110


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

Note 10:8:  Segment Information
 
We have two reportable segments: IAN, which is comprised of Draftfcb, Lowe, McCann, Draft FCB Group, Lowe, Initiativeour media services and our leading stand-alone agencies, and CMG.CMG, which is comprised of the bulk of our specialist marketing service offerings. We also report results for the Corporate and other group. As of December 31, 2005, we had an additional segment, Motorsports operations (“Motorsports”), which was sold during 2004 and had immaterial residual operating resultsSegment information is presented consistently with the basis described in 2005.
our 2006 Annual Report onForm 10-K.Summarized financial information concerning our reportable segments is shown in the following table:
 
                
 Three Months Ended
 Nine Months Ended
         
 September 30, September 30,  Three Months Ended
 
 2006 2005 2006 2005  March 31, 
   (Restated)   (Restated)  2007 2006 
Revenue:
                        
IAN $1,226.6  $1,213.1  $3,630.5  $3,713.0  $1,131.2  $1,108.8 
CMG  227.2   226.3   683.2   663.6   227.9   218.2 
Motorsports     0.3      2.0 
              
Total $1,453.8  $1,439.7  $4,313.7  $4,378.6  $1,359.1  $1,327.0 
              
Segment operating income (loss):
                        
IAN $75.3  $(40.5) $121.8  $28.7  $(64.8) $(72.9)
CMG  10.8   14.5   27.4   22.2   (1.4)  4.2 
Motorsports     (0.3)     1.0 
Corporate and other  (58.8)  (75.3)  (198.1)  (215.9)  (58.6)  (90.5)
              
Total  27.3   (101.6)  (48.9)  (164.0)  (124.8)  (159.2)
              
Restructuring and other reorganization related (charges) reversals  (6.2)  (0.1)  (12.9)  8.7 
Long-lived asset impairment and other charges     (6.5)     (6.5)
Restructuring and other reorganization-related reversals (charges)  0.6   (0.4)
Interest expense  (57.0)  (46.7)  (155.1)  (135.8)  (55.0)  (46.1)
Interest income  25.1   21.8   77.4   53.2   28.5   25.9 
Other income (expense)  22.4   (2.2)  47.5   13.2 
Other (expense) income  (1.5)  0.6 
              
Income (loss) from continuing operations before provision (benefit) of income taxes:
 $11.6  $(135.3) $(92.0) $(231.2)
Loss before benefit of income taxes
 $(152.2) $(179.2)
              
Depreciation and amortization of fixed assets and intangible assets:
                        
IAN $30.5  $31.1  $92.2  $93.6  $31.2  $31.1 
CMG  4.3   4.6   14.0   14.0   4.7   5.0 
Corporate and other  7.1   4.7   20.8   13.7   7.1   6.8 
              
Total $41.9  $40.4  $127.0  $121.3  $43.0  $42.9 
              
Capital expenditures:
                        
IAN $18.3  $17.0  $47.4  $56.0  $19.7  $13.5 
CMG  2.8   7.4   6.9   13.0   2.0   1.7 
Corporate and other  8.2   8.6   15.5   28.0   6.3   3.5 
              
Total $29.3  $33.0  $69.8  $97.0  $28.0  $18.7 
              
         
  March 31,
  December 31,
 
Total assets: 2007  2006 
 
IAN $9,043.3  $9,359.5 
CMG  928.7   908.3 
Corporate and other  1,122.6   1,596.3 
         
Total $11,094.6  $11,864.1 
         


2211


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

The following expenses are included in Corporate and other:
 
                
 Three Months Ended
 Nine Months Ended
         
 September 30, September 30,  Three Months Ended
 
 2006 2005 2006 2005  March 31, 
   (Restated)   (Restated)  2007 2006 
Salaries and related expenses $57.3  $38.5  $151.5  $130.7  $58.0  $50.3 
Professional fees  19.7   61.5   103.1   146.2   25.4   60.8 
Rent, depreciation and amortization  16.4   13.0   48.5   36.2   17.3   15.3 
Corporate insurance  6.2   6.3   16.3   19.8   6.0   4.9 
Other  7.1   4.9   19.4   12.2   7.7   6.0 
Expenses allocated to operating divisions  (47.9)  (48.9)  (140.7)  (129.2)  (55.8)  (46.8)
              
Total $58.8  $75.3  $198.1  $215.9  $58.6  $90.5 
              
 
Note 11:9:  Commitments and Contingencies
 
SEC Investigation
 
The SEC opened a formal investigation in response to the restatement we first announced in August 2002 and as previously disclosed, the investigation has expanded to encompass the restatement set forth in our 2004 Annual Report onForm 10-K filed in September 2005 (the “2005 Restatement”).Restatement. In particular, since we filed our 2004 Annual Report onForm 10-K, we have received subpoenas from the SEC relating to matters addressed in our 2005 Restatement. We have also responded to inquiries from the SEC staff concerning the restatement of the first three quarters of 2005 that we made in our 2005 Annual Report onForm 10-K. We continue to cooperate with the investigation. We expect that the investigation will result in monetary liability, but because the investigation is ongoing, in particular with respect to the 2005 Restatement, we cannot reasonably estimate either the amount, range of amounts or timing of a resolution. Accordingly, we have not yet established any provision relating to these matters.
 
Other Legal Matters
 
We are or have been involved in other legal and administrative proceedings of various types. While any litigation contains an element of uncertainty, we do not believe that the outcome of such proceedings or claims will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or our cash flows.condition.
 
Guarantees
 
As discussed in our 20052006 Annual Report onForm 10-K, we have contingent obligations under guarantees of certain obligations of our subsidiaries relating principally to credit facilities, guarantees of certain media payables and operating leases of certain subsidiaries. As of September 30, 2006March 31, 2007 there have been no material changes to these guarantees.
 
Note 12:10:  Recent Accounting Standards
 
In September 2006,February 2007, the SecuritiesFASB issued SFAS No. 159,The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) issued SABFinancial Liabilities(“SFAS No. 108,159”), which provides interpretive guidance on how registrants should quantify financial-statement misstatements. Currently,permits an entity to measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. Under SFAS No. 159, entities that elect the two methods most commonly used by preparersfair value option will report unrealized gains and auditors to quantify misstatementslosses in earnings at each subsequent reporting date. SFAS No. 159 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. We are currently evaluating the “rollover” method (which focuses primarily on the income statementpotential impact of misstatements) and the “iron curtain” method (which focuses primarilySFAS No. 159 on the balance sheet impact of misstatements). Under SAB No. 108,our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In January 2007 we adopted FIN 48. See Note 5 for further information.


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THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

registrants will be required to consider both the rollover and iron curtain methods (i.e., a dual approach) when evaluating the materiality of financial statement errors. Registrants will need to revisit their prior materiality assessments and consider them using both the rollover and iron curtain methods. We currently use the “iron curtain” method for quantifying identified financial statement misstatements. SAB No. 108 is generally effective for annual financial statements in the first fiscal year ending after November 15, 2006. Registrants may begin to apply the guidance in SAB No. 108 in interim periods beginning September 30, 2006. In connection with our review of the Company’s stock option practices we initially applied the provisions of SAB No. 108 as a cumulative effect adjustment effective January 1, 2006. See also Note 14.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158,Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans. SFAS No. 158 requires balance sheet recognition of the overfunded or underfunded status of pension and postretirement benefit plans. The funded status is defined as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the benefit obligation. Actuarial gains and losses, prior service costs or credits and any remaining transition assets or obligations that have not been recognized under SFAS No. 87 and SFAS No. 106 must be recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax effects, until they are amortized as a component of net periodic benefit cost. SFAS No. 158 is effective for our 2006 year-end. Based on the underfunded status of our various pension and other postretirement benefit plans as of December 31, 2005, the adoption of SFAS No. 158 is expected to result in an increase in pension and postretirement benefit liabilities of approximately $70.0 as of December 31, 2006, which would result in a decrease to stockholders’ equity of approximately $57.0, net of taxes of approximately $13.0. The discount rates in effect at December 31, 2006, the actual rate of return on plan assets for 2006 and certain tax effects could have a significant impact on the amounts ultimately recorded. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 158 to have a material impact on our results from operations.
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157,Fair Value Measurements (“SFAS No. 157”), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in U.S. GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Under the standard, fair value refers to the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants in the market in which the reporting entity transacts. The standard clarifies the principle that fair value should be based on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. In support of this principle, the standard establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to develop those assumptions. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets and the lowest priority to unobservable data, for example, the reporting entity’s own data. Under the standard, fair value measurements would be separately disclosed by level within the fair value hierarchy. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years.2007. We are currently evaluating the potential impact of SFAS No. 157 on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation (“FIN”) No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes — an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in tax positions. This interpretation prescribes financial statement recognition and measurement requirements for a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN No. 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006, with any cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle recorded as an adjustment to opening retained earnings effective January 1, 2007. We are currently evaluating the impact of FIN No. 48 on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In June 2006, the FASB ratified the consensus reached in EITF IssueNo. 06-3,How Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities Should Be Presented in the Income Statement (That is, Gross versus Net Presentation). The scope of EITF IssueNo. 06-3 includes any tax assessed by a governmental authority that is directly imposed on a revenue-producing transaction between a seller and a


24


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

customer. This issue provides that a company may adopt a policy of presenting taxes either gross within revenue or net. If taxes subject to this issue are significant, a company is required to disclose its accounting policy for presenting taxes and the amount of such taxes that are recognized on a gross basis. EITF IssueNo. 06-3 is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2006. We are currently evaluating the impact of EITF IssueNo. 06-3 on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In June 2006, the FASB ratified the consensus reached in EITF IssueNo. 05-1,Accounting for the Conversion of an Instrument That Becomes Convertible Upon the Issuer’s Exercise of a Call Option. The EITF agreed that the conversion accounting model (rather than the extinguishment model) should be used when equity instruments are issued to settle an instrument that becomes convertible upon the issuer’s exercise of a call option if, at issuance, the debt instrument contains a substantive conversion feature. This EITF Issue applies to all conversions within the scope of this Issue that result from the exercise of call options that occur in interim or annual reporting periods beginning after June 28, 2006. We do not expect the adoption of EITFNo. 05-1 to have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In April 2006, FASB Staff Position (“FSP”)No. FIN 46R-6,Determining the Variability to be Considered in Applying FASB Interpretation No. 46R, was issued. This FSP clarifies that the variability to be considered in applying FIN 46R should be based on an analysis of the design of the potential variable interest entity. This FSP is effective for reporting periods beginning after June 15, 2006. We do not expect the adoption of FSPNo. FIN 46R-6 to have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In March 2006, FSP No. FTB 85-4-1,Accounting for Life Settlement Contracts by Third-Party Investors, was issued. This FSP requires companies to account for investments in life settlement contracts using either the investment method or the fair-value method. Life settlement investments are currently carried at the cash surrender value of the related contract in accordance with FASB Technical Bulletin (“FTB”) 85-4,Accounting for Purchases of Life Insurance. The excess of the cash paid to purchase these contracts over the cash surrender value at the date of purchase is recognized as a loss immediately. The accounting under the FSP does not require loss recognition at the inception of the contract. We are currently evaluating the investment and fair value methods and have until January 1, 2007 to make our election.
In February 2006, SFAS No. 155,Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, was issued, which amends SFAS No. 133 and SFAS No. 140. SFAS No. 155 permits fair value remeasurement for any hybrid financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative that would otherwise require bifurcation in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 133,Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, with changes in fair value recognized in the Statement of Operations. SFAS No. 155 is effective for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2006. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 155 to have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In November 2005, the FASB issued FSPNo. FAS 123R-3,Transition Election Related to Accounting for the Tax Effects of Share-Based Payment Awards (“FSP 123R-3”). FSP 123R-3 provides an elective alternative simplified method to calculate the windfall tax pool (the “APIC pool”). Under this FSP, a company may calculate the beginning balance of the APIC pool related to employee compensation and a simplified method to determine the subsequent impact on the APIC pool of employee awards that are fully vested and outstanding upon the adoption of SFAS No. 123R. We are currently evaluating this alternative transition method and have until December 31, 2006 to make our one-time election. We do not expect the adoption of FSP 123R-3 to have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.


25


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

The adoption of the following accounting pronouncements during 20062007 did not have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements:
 
 • SFAS No. 154,155,Accounting Changes and Error Correctionsfor Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments; and
 
 • FSPEITF IssueNo. FAS 115-1 andFAS 124-1,05-1,The MeaningAccounting for the Conversion ofOther-Than-Temporary Impairment and Its Application to Certain Investments.
Note 13:  Quarterly Restatement
On March 22, 2006, we restated our previously published financial statements for the first three quarters of 2005. The restatement is set forth in our 2005 Annual Report onForm 10-K. The unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 and the unaudited Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 in this report are presented as restated. The quarterly restatement adjustments relate primarily to revenue recognition and a number of miscellaneous items including accounting for leases and international compensation arrangements. The tables below summarize, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, the impact of each category of adjustment on previously reported revenue, operating loss, loss before provision (benefit) of income taxes, net loss and loss per share. Below is a description of the restatement adjustments.
Goodwill Impairment:  Adjustments were made to properly record goodwill impairment at a reporting unit within our sports and marketing business.
Revenue Recognition related to Customer Contracts:  Adjustments were recorded to properly state the revenue in accordance with the terms of customer contracts and our policies. In certain transactions with our clients the persuasive evidence of the customer arrangement was not always adequate to support revenue recognition, or the timing of revenue recognition did not appropriately follow the specific contract terms.
Other Adjustments:  We identified other items that did not conform to GAAP and recorded adjustments to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements which related to previously reported periods.
                         
  Impact of adjustments for the: 
  Three Months Ended September 30, 2005  Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005 
        Loss Before
        Loss Before
 
     Operating
  Provision (Benefit)
     Operating
  Provision (Benefit)
 
  Revenue  Loss  for Income Taxes  Revenue  Loss  for Income Taxes 
 
As previously reported $1,442.2  $(97.3) $(124.3) $4,388.7  $(137.7) $(206.9)
                         
Revenue recognition  (3.5)  (2.8)  (2.8)  (9.3)  (7.8)  (7.8)
Goodwill     (5.8)  (5.8)     (5.8)  (6.3)
Other adjustments  1.0   (2.3)  (2.4)  (0.8)  (10.5)  (10.2)
                         
Total restatement adjustments  (2.5)  (10.9)  (11.0)  (10.1)  (24.1)  (24.3)
                         
As restated $1,439.7  $(108.2) $(135.3) $4,378.6  $(161.8) $(231.2)
                         


26


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

         
  Impact of Adjustments for the: 
  Three Months Ended
  Nine Months Ended
 
  September 30, 2005  September 30, 2005 
 
Net loss as previously reported
 $(96.6) $(225.9)
         
Restatement adjustments (pre-tax):        
Revenue recognition  (2.8)  (7.8)
Goodwill  (5.8)  (6.3)
Other adjustments  (2.4)  (10.2)
         
Total restatement adjustments (pre-tax)  (11.0)  (24.3)
Tax adjustments  (4.8)  (10.2)
         
Total net restatement adjustments  (6.2)  (14.1)
         
Net loss as restated
 $(102.8) $(240.0)
         
Loss per share of common stock:        
Basic        
As previously reported $(0.24) $(0.57)
Effect of restatement  (0.01)  (0.03)
         
As restated $(0.25) $(0.60)
         
Weighted-average shares  425.3   424.7 
Diluted        
As previously reported $(0.24) $(0.57)
Effect of restatement  (0.01)  (0.03)
         
As restated $(0.25) $(0.60)
         
Weighted-average shares  425.3   424.7 

Note 14:  Review an Instrument That Becomes Convertible Upon the Issuer’s Exercise of Stocka Call Option Practices
As a result of the significant number of companies identifying issues with their stock option practices, we decided to conduct a review of our practices for stock option grants. At our recommendation, on September 8, 2006, our Audit Committee retained independent counsel to review our stock option practices related to the Company’s current and prior senior officers for a10-year period beginning in 1996. This review is substantially complete. We also performed a comprehensive accounting review that supplemented the review done by independent counsel, which is complete. Preliminary findings of these reviews were presented to the Audit Committee on October 26, 2006 and November 7, 2006.
The reviews determined, among other things, the following:
• There was no systematic pattern of selecting an exercise price based on the lowest stock price over the period preceding the grant.
 
 • All grants made after 2002 were accounted for correctly.EITF IssueNo. 06-3,How Taxes Collected from Customers and Remitted to Governmental Authorities Should be Presented in the Income Statement (That is, Gross versus Net Presentation)
 
 • There were certain deficienciesEITF IssueNo. 06-5,Accounting for Purchases of Life Insurance — Determining the Amount That Could Be Realized in the processAccordance with FASB TechnicalBulletin No. 85-4, Accounting for Purchases of granting, documenting and accounting for stock options.Life Insurance
 
 • The date used to determine the exercise priceEITF IssueNo. 06-6,Debtor’s Accounting for certain stock option grants made between 1996 and 2002 preceded the finalizationa Modification (or Exchange) of the approval process of those grants for accounting purposes. (Discussed in more detail below.)Convertible Debt Instruments

27


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

• Certain stock options were granted at prices inconsistent with the related stock option plans.
The most significant deficiencies the reviews identified were as follows:
• In certain situations from 1996 through 2002, in connection with our broad based annual option grants, an exercise price for such options was set as of a specified date in the future. This date, however, preceded the final determination of the number of shares individual employees were to receive, which resulted in some grants being issuedin-the-money, and some grants being issuedout-of-the-money, as of the measurement date.
• For certain annual grants, as well as numerous individual grants from 1996 through 2002, the date used for the exercise price was a date from an earlier period. In many cases, that earlier date was at or about the date of a prior meeting of the compensation committee or a management committee authorized by the compensation committee.
• In addition, the review identified many grants from 1996 through 2005 for which not all of the relevant documentation could be located and, in some cases, no authorizing documentation could be located. However, in most of these instances, there was no indication, using all available relevant information, that the grants were not appropriately accounted for.
Under applicable accounting standards prior to January 1, 2006 (APB No. 25), compensation expense should reflect the difference, if any, between an option’s exercise price and the market price of the Company’s stock at the measurement date, the point at which the terms and the recipients of the option grant are determined with finality. In some instances, we incorrectly determined the measurement date for accounting purposes to be the date as of which the exercise price was set rather than the date the grants were finalized. As a result, compensation expense in the pretax amount of $40.6 should have been recorded over the years 1996 through 2003.
In accordance with SAB No. 108, the materiality of these newly-identified errors was assessed against prior periods using the Company’s pre-SAB No. 108 policy (“iron-curtain” method) for quantifying materiality. After considering all of the quantitative and qualitative factors these errors were not considered to be material to prior periods. Given that the effect of correcting these errors during 2006 would cause our 2006 financial statements to be materially misstated, the Company concluded that the cumulative effect adjustment method of initially applying the guidance in SAB No. 108 was appropriate. The impact of the cumulative effect adjustment was a $26.4 charge to accumulated deficit, a $23.3 credit to additional paid-in capital and a $3.1 credit to other non-current liabilities to reflect certain taxes payable effective January 1, 2006. The following reflects the impacts on the previously reported accounts as of December 31, 2005 adjusted effective January 1, 2006 as follows:
         
  December 31,
  January 1,
 
  2005  2006 
 
Other non-current liabilities $319.0  $322.1 
Additional paid-in capital  2,224.1   2,247.4 
Accumulated deficit  (841.1)  (867.5)
Total stockholders’ equity  1,945.3   1,942.2 
As part of our overall Sarbanes-Oxley compliance remediation efforts, we are in the process of improving controls over all of our processes, including payroll related liabilities. As a result of the reviews discussed above, we have identified and are in the process of implementing enhanced controls and process improvements in connection with the issuance of equity awards.


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THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)
 
Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to help you understand The Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”, “Interpublic”, “we”, “us” or “our”). MD&A should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the accompanying notes. Our MD&A includes the following sections:
 
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY provides an overview of our results of operations and liquidity for the periods presented.liquidity.
 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS provides an analysis of the consolidated and segment results of operations for the periods presented.
 
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES provides an overview of our cash flows and financing activities.
 
INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING, by reference to our 2006 Annual Report onForm 10-K,provides a description of the status of our compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and related rules and our review of our stock option practices.2002.
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES by reference to our 2005 Annual Report onForm 10-K,provides aan updated discussion of our accounting policies that require critical judgment, assumptions and estimates.estimates that were incorporated in our 2006 Annual Report onForm 10-K.
 
RECENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS, by reference to Note 1210 to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements, provides a descriptiondiscussion of the accounting standards that we arehave not yet been required to adoptimplement, but which may be applicable to our operationsaffect us in the future, as well as those significant accounting standards whichthat have been adopted during 2006.2007.
 
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
 
Our 2005 Annual ReportWe are one of the world’s largest advertising and marketing services companies, comprised of communication agencies around the world that deliver custom marketing solutions onForm 10-K summarizes key elements behalf of our business strategy under “Overview”clients. These agencies cover the spectrum of marketing disciplines and specialties, from traditional services such as consumer advertising and direct marketing, to emerging services such as mobile and search engine marketing. To meet the challenge of an increasingly complex consumer culture, we create customized marketing solutions for each of our clients. These solutions vary from project-based work between one agency and its client to long-term, fully-integrated campaigns involving several of our companies working on behalf of a client. Furthermore, our agencies cover all major markets geographically and can operate in Item 7. a single region or align work globally across many markets.
Our strategy is focused on improving our organic revenue growth and operating margin,income, and we are working to achieve a level of organic revenue growth comparable to industry peers and double-digit operating marginmargins by 2008. Our revenueWe analyzeperiod-to-period changes in our operating performance by determining the portion of the change that is directly dependent uponattributable to foreign currency rates and the advertising, marketingchange attributable to the net effect of acquisitions and corporate communications requirementsdivestitures, and the remainder is considered the organic change. For purposes of analyzing this change, acquisitions and divestitures are treated as if they occurred on the first day of the quarter during which the transaction occurred.
Although the U.S. Dollar is our functional currency for reporting purposes, a substantial portion of our clients. For 2006,revenues is generated in foreign currencies. Therefore, our revenues will continue to be negativelyreported results are affected by fluctuations in the client lossescurrencies our international businesses are conducted in, principally the Euro and dispositions that occurred in 2005, and our operating margin will continue to be negatively affected by high expenses for professional fees, albeit on a declining basis. As previously disclosed, we expect that client losses during 2005 will continue to affect consolidated revenue results in 2006, and we expect that full-year 2006 organic revenue growth will be approximately flat. However,Pound Sterling. In the impact of net client losses in 2005 and 2006 on revenue was not as significant for the thirdfirst quarter of 20062007, the U.S. Dollar was weaker against both of these currencies as forcompared to the first two quarters. We believe we are in the early stages of a turnaround and our results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2006 reflect the challenges we face improving revenues and operating margins.
Our revenue is also impacted by production expenses. These are client pass-through expenses related to arrangements for which we record revenue and expenses on a gross basis because we act as principal, and accordingly changes in expenses are offset by corresponding changes in revenue. Whether we act as agent or principal is contract-dependent, and the mix varies from agency to agency and from period to period. While our profitability is not impacted, it may affect organic revenue growth and office and general expense patterns in future periods.quarter


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THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

When we analyzeperiod-to-period change in our operating performance, we determine the portion of the change that is attributable to the change in foreign currency rates and the portion of the change that is attributable to the net effect of acquisitions and divestitures, and we refer to the remainder of the change as organic change.
Our reported results are affected by variations in the foreign currencies our international businesses are conducted in, principally the Brazilian Real, Canadian Dollar, Euro, Pound Sterling and Japanese Yen. In the second and third quarters of 2006, the U.S. Dollar was weaker against these currencies as compared to the second and third quarters of 2005, but for the first quarter of 2006 the U.S. Dollar was significantly stronger than in the first quarter of 2005.2006. As a result, the net effect of foreign currency changes from the comparable prior year periodsperiod was toan increase in revenues and operating expenses in the thirdfirst quarter of 2006, but to slightly decrease revenues and operating expenses for the first nine months of 2006.2007.
 
As discussed in more detail in this MD&A:
Third&A, for the first quarter of 20062007 compared to 20052006:
 
 • Total revenue increased 1.0%2.4%.
 
 • Organic revenue increase was 2.7%1.6% primarily due to higher revenue from existing clients.
 
 • Operating margin improvedwas (9.1%) in 2007, compared to 1.5%. Excluding restructuring and other reorganization related charges (reversals) and long-lived asset impairments, operating margin improved to 1.9%.(12.0%) in 2006.
 
 • Operating expenses decreased 7.4%. The decrease was the same excluding restructuring and other reorganization related charges (reversals) and long-lived asset impairments.slightly to $1,483.3 in 2007, compared to $1,486.6 in 2006.
 
 • Total salaries and related expenses decreased slightly mainly due to net divestitures and lower severance charges partly offset by higher annual bonus accruals and incentive compensation.increased 4.0%. The organic increase was 1.3%2.8%.
 
 • Total office and general expenses decreased 19.5%7.5% primarily because ofdue to lower professional fees and production expenses.fees. The organic decrease was 15.8%7.9%.
• Other income increased due to the recognition of the cumulative translation adjustment in connection with the sale of our interest in an international investment.
• The difference between the effective tax rate and the statutory rate of 35% is due primarily to state and local taxes, losses incurred innon-U.S. jurisdictions and U.S. capital losses that receive no benefit, currency translation income not subject to tax and the favorable resolution of U.K. tax issues.
 
The first nine monthsRESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Consolidated Results of 2006Operations — Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 compared to 2005Three Months Ended March 31, 2006
 
• Total revenue declined by 1.5%.
• Organic revenue increase was 1.2% primarily due to the organic revenue increase in the third quarter as mentioned above.
• Operating margin improved to (1.4%). Excluding restructuring and other reorganization related charges (reversals) and long-lived asset impairments, operating margin improved to (1.1%).
REVENUE
                             
  Three Months
  Components of Change  Three Months
       
  Ended
     Net
     Ended
       
  March 31,
  Foreign
  Acquisitions/
     March 31,
  Change 
  2006  Currency  (Divestitures)  Organic  2007  Organic  Total 
 
Total
 $1,327.0   31.6   (20.3)  20.8  $1,359.1   1.6%  2.4%
Domestic
  775.4      (1.7)  32.3   806.0   4.2%  3.9%
International
  551.6   31.6   (18.6)  (11.5)  553.1   (2.1)%  0.3%
Revenue increased due to changes in foreign currency exchange rates and organic revenue increases at both the Integrated Agency Networks (“IAN”) and Constituency Management Group (“CMG”) segments. The domestic organic increase was primarily driven by increased client spending and net client wins in the traditional advertising sector, public relations and sports marketing disciplines. The international organic decrease was driven by lower revenue from existing clients primarily in the Latin America region at IAN and in the Asia Pacific region in the events marketing businesses at CMG as well as changes in the timing of client spending relative to a year ago. Europe slightly declined as a result of weakness in traditional advertising and marketing services, partially offset by higher client spending in the events marketing businesses.
Refer to the segment discussion later in this MD&A for more detailed information on changes in revenue by segment.


3015


 
THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

 
• Operating expenses decreased 3.6%. Excluding restructuring and other reorganization related charges (reversals) and long-lived asset impairments, operating expenses decreased 4.0%.
• Total salaries and related expenses decreased 1.2% mainly due to net divestitures and lower severance charges partly offset by higher incentive compensation and annual bonus accruals. The organic increase was 1.1%.
• Total office and general expenses decreased 8.8% mainly due to lower professional fees and lower production expenses as well as the effect of net divestitures. The organic decrease was 4.5%.
• The effective tax rate was affected by factors similar to those described above for the third quarter. Additionally impacting the effective tax rate were the reversal of previously established valuation allowances in foreign jurisdictions, the resolution of IRS and various state and local income tax audits, and the reversal of previously claimed foreign tax credits.
• In the first nine months of 2006, cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities decreased $722.4 primarily due to working capital usage, as well as costs associated with the ELF financing transaction and capital expenditures.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Consolidated Results of Operations — Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 Performance compared to Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005OPERATING EXPENSES
 
                 
  Three Months Ended March 31, 
  2007  2006 
     % of
     % of
 
  $  Revenue  $  Revenue 
 
Salaries and related expenses $988.8   72.8% $950.7   71.6%
Office and general expenses  495.1   36.4%  535.5   40.4%
Restructuring and other reorganization-related (reversals) charges  (0.6)      0.4     
                 
Total operating expenses $1,483.3      $1,486.6     
                 
REVENUESalaries and Related Expenses
                             
     Components of Change          
        Net
             
     Foreign
  Acquisitions/
        Change 
  2006  Currency  (Divestitures)  Organic  2007  Organic  Total 
 
Three months ended March 31,
 $950.7   24.4   (12.8)  26.5  $988.8   2.8%  4.0%
Salaries and related expenses increased $38.1 during the first quarter of 2007 due to higher base salaries and benefits, stock compensation expense and accruals for bonus awards. Salaries and related expenses were also affected by foreign currency exchange rate variances and net divestitures. Salaries and benefits grew by $27.6 primarily to support growth in certain of our businesses. Long-term incentive stock compensation expense and bonus accruals increased a combined $17.4. Long-term incentive stock expense increased due to the effect of equity-based awards granted in June 2006 and a one-time performance equity-based award granted in 2006 to a limited number of operating and corporate executives. Cash bonus awards increased primarily due to higher accruals in the first quarter of 2007 compared to the first quarter of 2006. Changes can occur in both short and long-term compensation awards based on projected results and could impact trends between various periods in the future.
Office and General Expenses
                             
     Components of Change          
        Net
             
     Foreign
  Acquisitions/
        Change 
  2006  Currency  (Divestitures)  Organic  2007  Organic  Total 
 
Three months ended March 31,
 $535.5   13.2   (11.4)  (42.2) $495.1   (7.9)%  (7.5)%
Office and general expenses for the first quarter of 2007 decreased primarily due to continued reductions in professional fees, mainly from reduced costs associated with finance related projects, including internal control compliance and certain accounting projects. The decrease primarily occurred at Corporate. We expect professional fees to continue to decrease throughout 2007.
Restructuring and Other Reorganization-Related (Reversals) Charges
 
The components ofnet reversals during the change in consolidated revenue for the thirdfirst quarter of 2006 were as follows:
                                 
  Total  Domestic  International 
  $  % Change  $  % Change  % of Total  $  % Change  % of Total 
 
September 30, 2005 (Restated) $1,439.7      $815.4       56.6% $624.3       43.4%
                                 
Foreign currency changes  8.5   0.6%            8.5   1.4%    
Net acquisitions/divestitures  (33.6)  (2.3)%  (9.4)  (1.2)%      (24.2)  (3.9)%    
Organic  39.2   2.7%  26.1   3.2%      13.1   2.1%    
                                 
Total change  14.1   1.0%  16.7   2.0%      (2.6)  (0.4)%    
September 30, 2006 $1,453.8      $832.1       57.2% $621.7       42.8%
                                 
Revenue growth was2007 primarily a resultconsisted of adjustments to estimates primarily relating to our organic revenue increaseseverance and changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Domestic organic growth was driven by higher revenue from existing clients,lease termination costs, partially offset by net client losses at the Integrated Agency Networks (“IAN”) segment, and by growth in the public relations businesses at the Constituency Management Group (“CMG”) segment. The international organic increase was also driven by higher revenue from existing clients at IAN partly offset by a decline in the events marketing businesses at CMG. As compared with the same period of 2005, revenue for the third quarter of 2006 was favorably impacted by the recognition of deferred revenue, although to a lesser extent than in prior quarters.
Net divestitures primarily impacted IAN, largely from Draft FCB Group and McCann during 2005. We divested a number of businesses that were either considered non-strategic, non-profitable or for which we could not establish a strong control environment to comply with the standardsamortization of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act at a reasonable cost. These businesses were predominantly outside the United States.discounted liability related to lease terminations.


3116


 
THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

The components of the change in consolidated revenue for the first nine months of 2006 were as follows:
                                 
  Total  Domestic  International 
  $  % Change  $  % Change  % of Total  $  % Change  % of Total 
 
September 30, 2005 (Restated) $4,378.6      $2,477.5       56.6% $1,901.1       43.4%
                                 
Foreign currency changes  (1.2)  (0.0)%            (1.2)  (0.1)%    
Net acquisitions/divestitures  (117.3)  (2.7)%  (35.7)  (1.4)%      (81.6)  (4.3)%    
Organic  53.6   1.2%  33.2   1.3%      20.4   1.1%    
                                 
Total change  (64.9)  (1.5)%  (2.5)  (0.1)%      (62.4)  (3.3)%    
September 30, 2006 $4,313.7      $2,475.0       57.4% $1,838.7       42.6%
                                 
Revenue decreased due to net divestitures partially offset by an organic revenue increase. Net divestitures primarily relates to IAN for reasons similar to those described above for the third quarter. The domestic organic increase was primarily driven by growth in the public relations, branding and sports marketing businesses at CMG. The international organic increase was driven by increased revenue from existing clients partially offset by net client losses at IAN as well as decreases in the events marketing businesses at CMG. As compared to the same period in 2005, revenue for the first nine months of 2006 included additional revenue primarily for services performed in prior quarters but not recognized in those quarters due to lack of persuasive evidence of an arrangement. Our revenue recognition policies govern the timing of when revenue is recognized, but have no impact on cash flow. If work is performed in a given quarter but there is lack of persuasive evidence of an arrangement, the related revenue is deferred to a future quarter when sufficient evidence is obtained. These effects are likely to be more significant over a given quarter than over a full year.
Refer to the segment discussion later in this MD&A for more detailed information on changes in revenue by segment.
OPERATING EXPENSES
Salaries and Related Expenses
Salaries and related expenses is the largest component of operating expenses and consists primarily of salaries, related benefits and performance incentives. The components of the 2006 change were as follows:
                         
  Three Months Ended  Nine Months Ended 
  Total  % of
  Total  % of
 
  $  % Change  Revenue  $  % Change  Revenue 
 
September 30, 2005 (Restated) $962.8       66.9% $2,891.6       66.0%
                         
Foreign currency changes  5.7   0.6%      (1.9)  (0.1)%    
Net acquisitions/divestitures  (20.3)  (2.1)%      (64.4)  (2.2)%    
Organic  12.5   1.3%      31.2   1.1%    
                         
Total change  (2.1)  (0.2)%      (35.1)  (1.2)%    
September 30, 2006 $960.7       66.1% $2,856.5       66.2%
                         
The decrease in salaries and related expenses during the third quarter of 2006 was primarily due to the sale of several businesses at IAN during 2005 partially offset by an organic expense increase and changes in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily at IAN. Higher annual bonus awards and incentive compensation contributed to the organic increase during the third quarter of 2006. Annual bonus accruals are higher in 2006


32


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

due to performance and the timing of the finalization of bonus targets. The increase in incentive compensation was primarily due to higher long-term employee incentive awards. Increases attributable to our stock-based compensation plans were $7.9. The third quarter of 2006 includes a full quarter impact of awards granted in August 2005 and the awards granted in June 2006. Changes in levels of short and long-term compensation awards may impact trends between various periods in the future. See Note 3 to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regarding our stock-based compensation. Offsetting these increases were reductions in severance expense of $19.4, primarily at international locations within IAN.
Salaries and related expenses during the first nine months of 2006 decreased primarily due to the sale of several businesses at IAN during 2005, partially offset by an organic increase, particularly at CMG and Corporate. This was primarily the result of an increase in salary costs of $32.4 to upgrade our talent and to support revenue initiatives and technology related projects. This was partially offset by a decrease in severance expense of $25.6. The first nine months of 2006 were also impacted by higher incentive and annual bonus awards for reasons similar to those described above for the third quarter. Increases to our stock-based compensation plans were $11.1, of which $3.4 relates to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R.
Office and General Expenses
Office and general expenses primarily consists of rent, office and equipment, depreciation, professional fees, other overhead expenses and certain production expenses related to our revenue. The components of the 2006 change were as follows:
                         
  Three Months Ended  Nine Months Ended 
  Total  % of
  Total  % of
 
  $  % Change  Revenue  $  % Change  Revenue 
 
September 30, 2005 (Restated) $578.5       40.2% $1,651.0       37.7%
                         
Foreign currency changes  2.5   0.4%      (2.2)  (0.1)%    
Net acquisitions/divestitures  (23.8)  (4.1)%      (69.0)  (4.2)%    
Organic  (91.4)  (15.8)%      (73.7)  (4.5)%    
                         
Total change  (112.7)  (19.5)%      (144.9)  (8.8)%    
September 30, 2006 $465.8       32.0% $1,506.1       34.9%
                         
Office and general expenses for the third quarter of 2006 declined as a result of an organic decrease and the sale of several businesses at IAN during 2005. The organic decline was driven by a decrease in professional fees of $60.1, primarily at Corporate and IAN, which were higher in 2005 primarily due to the impact of accounting projects, including those related to our restatement activities. Also contributing to the decline were decreases in production expenses of $17.3, primarily as a result of reduced project based activity, and lower bad debt expense.
Office and general expenses for the first nine months of 2006 declined as a result of an organic decrease and the sale of several businesses at IAN during 2005. The organic decline was primarily due to decreases in professional fees of $61.3 and production expenses of $15.7 for reasons similar to those described above for the third quarter. In addition, the decrease for the first nine months of 2006 was partially offset by reduced foreign exchange gains on certain balance sheet items.


33


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

Restructuring and Other Reorganization Related Charges (Reversals)
The components of restructuring and other reorganization related charges (reversals) were as follows:
                 
        Nine Months
 
  Three Months Ended
  Ended
 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2006  2005  2006  2005 
     (Restated)       
           (Restated) 
 
Restructuring charges (reversals) $1.3  $0.1  $1.7  $(8.7)
Other reorganization related charges  4.9      11.2    
                 
Total $6.2  $0.1  $12.9  $(8.7)
                 
Restructuring Charges (Reversals)
A summary of the net charges and (reversals) related to lease termination and other exit costs and severance and termination costs for the 2003 and 2001 restructuring programs is as follows:
                 
        Nine Months
 
  Three Months Ended
  Ended
 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2006  2005  2006  2005 
     (Restated)     (Restated) 
 
Lease Termination and Other Exit Costs $1.2  $0.5  $1.6  $(7.9)
Severance and Termination Costs  0.1   (0.4)  0.1   (0.8)
                 
Total $1.3  $0.1  $1.7  $(8.7)
                 
For the third quarter and first nine months of 2006, the net charges primarily consisted of the amortization of the discounted liability related to lease terminations offset by adjustments to management’s estimates primarily relating to our lease termination costs. For the third quarter and first nine months of 2005, the net reversals primarily consisted of adjustments to management’s estimates primarily relating to our lease termination costs. For additional information, see Note 4 to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
Other Reorganization Related Charges
Other reorganization related charges primarily represents severance charges directly associated with two significant strategic business decisions: the merger of Draft Worldwide and Foote, Cone and Belding Worldwide to create a global integrated marketing organization called Draft FCB Group; and our realignment of our media business to meet evolving client needs. These charges were separated from salaries and related expenses within the unaudited Consolidated Statement of Operations as they did not result from charges that occurred in the normal course of business. We expect charges relating to these business decisions to be complete during the remaining months of 2006 and the early part of 2007.


34


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

EXPENSE AND OTHER INCOME
 
                                        
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,  Three Months Ended
 
 2006 2005 $ % Change 2006 2005 $ % Change  March 31, 
   (Restated)       (Restated)      2007 2006 
Interest expense $(57.0) $(46.7) $(10.3)  22.1% $(155.1) $(135.8) $(19.3)  14.2% $(55.0) $(46.1)
Interest income  25.1   21.8   3.3   15.1%  77.4   53.2   24.2   45.5%  28.5   25.9 
Other income (expense)  22.4   (2.2)  24.6   (1118.2)%  47.5   13.2   34.3   259.8%
Other (expense) income  (1.5)  0.6 
                      
Total $(9.5) $(27.1) $17.6   (64.9)% $(30.2) $(69.4) $39.2   (56.5)% $(28.0) $(19.6)
                      
Interest Expense
 
The increase in net interest expense during the thirdfirst quarter and first nine months of 2006 was primarilyis largely attributable to non-cash items related and caused byto the amortization of issuance costs associated with our new Credit Agreement and amortization of deferred warrant costs incurred as a result of the ELF Financing transaction completed in the second quarter of 2006. Further impacting the increase during the first nine months of 2006 were the amortization of the remaining costs associated with our previous committed credit agreement, recorded in the second quarter of 2006, and the benefit from the amortization of gains on terminated interest rate swaps recorded in the prior year. These were offset by waiver and consent fees incurred in 2005 for the amendment of our debt agreements and credit facility in the prior year.
Interest Income
The increase in interest income during the first nine months of 2006 was primarily due to an increase in interest rates and higher average cash balances when compared to the prior year.
Other Income (Expense)
                 
  Three Months Ended
  Nine Months Ended
 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2006  2005  2006  2005 
     (Restated)     (Restated) 
 
Net gains on sales of businesses and investments $15.9  $1.0  $36.0  $18.2 
Investment impairments     (1.5)  (0.3)  (5.1)
Other income (expense)  6.5   (1.7)  11.8   0.1 
                 
Total $22.4  $(2.2) $47.5  $13.2 
                 
During the third quarter of 2006, we sold our interest in a German advertising agency and accordingly recognized the related remaining cumulative translation adjustment balance. This resulted in a non-cash benefit of $17.0. During the first nine months of 2006, we sold an investment located in Asia Pacific for a gain of $18.4 and sold our remaining ownership interest in an agency within The Lowe Group, for a gain of $2.5. During the first nine months of 2005, we sold several small businesses and investments, the largest of which was our remaining ownership interest in an agency within Draft FCB Group, which resulted in a gain of approximately $8.3.
We are in the process of settling our liabilities related to vendor discounts and credits established as part of the restatement of previously issued financial statements that we presented in our 2004 Annual Report onForm 10-K. Any favorable or unfavorable concessions in connection with these settlements are recorded in


35


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

other income (expense) in the unaudited Consolidated Statement of Operations. For the first nine months of 2006, the net favorable amount recorded for concessions in other income (expense) was $9.4.
 
INCOME TAXES
 
                 
  Three Months Ended
  Nine Months Ended
 
  September 30,  September 30, 
  2006  2005  2006  2005 
     (Restated)     (Restated) 
 
Income (loss) from continuing operations before provision (benefit) for income taxes $11.6  $(135.3) $(92.0) $(231.2)
                 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes — continuing operations $8.4  $(34.8) $1.4  $4.5 
Provision (benefit) for income taxes — discontinued operations  (5.0)     (5.0)   
                 
Total provision (benefit) for income taxes $3.4  $(34.8) $(3.6) $4.5 
                 
         
  Three Months Ended
 
  March 31, 
  2007  2006 
 
Loss before benefit of income taxes $(152.2) $(179.2)
Benefit of income taxes  (25.7)  (8.8)
 
For the third quarter and first ninethree months of 2006ended March 31, 2007 the difference between the effective tax rate and the statutory rate of 35% is due primarily to state and local taxes, losses incurred innon-U.S. jurisdictions and U.S. capital losses that receive no benefit currency translation income not subject to tax, and the favorable resolutionwrite-off of U.K.deferred tax issues. For the first nine months of 2006, the difference betweenassets for restricted stock. The improvement in the effective tax rate was primarily attributable to a reduction in the losses incurred innon-U.S. jurisdictions that receive no benefit and a reduction in the statutory rate was also affected by the reversalamount of previously established valuation allowances in foreign jurisdictions, the resolutionU.S. taxation of IRS and various state and localnon-U.S. income tax audits, and the reversal of previously claimed without offsetting U.S. foreign tax credits. In connection with the disposition
Segment Results of our NFO World Group Inc. (“NFO”) operationsOperations — Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2006
As discussed in the fourth quarter of 2003, we established a reserve for certain income tax contingencies with respect to the determination of our tax basis in NFO for income tax purposes. During the third quarter of 2006 we received a final study of the tax basis of our investment, and it was determined that the remaining reserve should be reversed as the related contingency is no longer considered probable. For additional information, see Note 68 to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.Statements, we have two reportable segments as of March 31, 2007: IAN and CMG. We also report results for the Corporate and other group.
INTEGRATED AGENCY NETWORKS (“IAN”)
REVENUE
                             
  Three Months
  Components of Change  Three Months
       
  Ended
     Net
     Ended
       
  March 31,
  Foreign
  Acquisitions/
     March 31,
  Change 
  2006  Currency  (Divestitures)  Organic  2007  Organic  Total 
 
Total
 $1,108.8   25.3   (14.0)  11.1  $1,131.2   1.0%  2.0%
Domestic
  635.7      (1.7)  22.7   656.7   3.6%  3.3%
International
  473.1   25.3   (12.3)  (11.6)  474.5   (2.5)%  0.3%
The revenue increase in the first quarter of 2007 was a result of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and organic increases, partially offset by net divestitures primarily from the sale of several businesses at Draftfcb in 2006. The domestic increase was mostly organic as a result of higher revenue from existing clients and net client wins, primarily at McCann Worldgroup, and a performance incentive award earned in the first quarter of 2007 for work on projects started in 2006 at one of our independent agencies. International revenues were consistent period over period; however, the first quarter of 2007 benefited from the favorable effect of


3617


 
THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

changes in foreign currency exchange rates. This was offset by net divestitures of businesses primarily at Draftfcb and an organic revenue decline, primarily at Draftfcb and Lowe, related to lower spending by existing clients mainly in Europe.
Segment Results of Operations — Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006 Compared to Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005SEGMENT OPERATING LOSS
 
             
  Three Months Ended
    
  March 31,    
  2007  2006  Change 
 
Segment operating loss $(64.8) $(72.9)  (11.1)%
             
Operating margin  (5.7)%  (6.6)%    
             
As discussed
Operating loss improved during the first quarter of 2007 due to an increase in Note 10revenue of $22.4 and a decrease in office and general expenses of $5.5, partially offset by an increase in salaries and related expenses of $19.8. Higher salaries and related expenses were primarily due to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements, we have two reportable segments asimpact of September 30, 2006: IANchanges in foreign currency exchange rates, increased base salaries to support growth, larger cash bonus awards primarily due to higher accruals in the first quarter of 2007 compared to the first quarter of 2006, and CMG.
                                 
  Three Months Ended September 30,  Nine Months Ended September 30, 
  2006  2005  $  % Change  2006  2005  $  % Change 
     (Restated)           (Restated)       
 
Revenue:
                                
IAN $1,226.6  $1,213.1  $13.5   1.1% $3,630.5  $3,713.0  $(82.5)  (2.2)%
CMG  227.2   226.3   0.9   0.4%  683.2   663.6   19.6   3.0%
Motorsports     0.3   (0.3)  (100.0)%     2.0   (2.0)  (100.0)%
                                 
Total $1,453.8  $1,439.7  $14.1   1.0% $4,313.7  $4,378.6  $(64.9)  (1.5)%
                                 
Segment operating income (loss):
                                
IAN $75.3  $(40.5) $115.8   (285.9)% $121.8  $28.7  $93.1   324.4%
CMG  10.8   14.5   (3.7)  (25.5)%  27.4   22.2   5.2   23.4%
Motorsports     (0.3)  0.3   (100.0)%     1.0   (1.0)  (100.0)%
Corporate and other  (58.8)  (75.3)  16.5   (21.9)%  (198.1)  (215.9)  17.8   (8.2%)
an increased amount of long-term incentive awards, partially offset by net divestitures. On an organic basis, the revenue increase was greater than the operating expense increase, which contributed to IAN’s operating loss improvement.
 
INTEGRATED AGENCY NETWORKSCONSTITUENCY MANAGEMENT GROUP (“IAN”CMG”)
 
REVENUE
 
                 
  Three Months Ended  Nine Months Ended 
  $  % Change  $  % Change 
 
September 30, 2005 (Restated) $1,213.1      $3,713.0     
                 
Foreign currency changes  7.1   0.6%  0.8   0.0%
Net acquisitions/divestitures  (33.0)  (2.7)%  (112.5)  (3.0)%
Organic  39.4   3.2%  29.2   0.8%
                 
Total change  13.5   1.1%  (82.5)  (2.2)%
September 30, 2006 $1,226.6      $3,630.5     
                 
                             
  Three Months
  Components of Change  Three Months
       
  Ended
     Net
     Ended
       
  March 31,
  Foreign
  Acquisitions/
     March 31,
  Change 
  2006  Currency  (Divestitures)  Organic  2007  Organic  Total 
 
Total
 $218.2   6.3   (6.3)  9.7  $227.9   4.4%  4.4%
Domestic
  139.7         9.6   149.3   6.9%  6.9%
International
  78.5   6.3   (6.3)  0.1   78.6   0.1%  0.1%
 
ForRevenue growth was primarily a result of higher revenue in the third quarter of 2006, revenue growth primarily resulted from organic growthpublic relations and changes in foreign currency exchange rates, partly offset by the impact of selling several businesses at McCann and Draft FCB Group in 2005.sports marketing businesses. The organicdomestic increase was driven primarily by growth at McCann and Draft FCB Group, partially offset by decreases at The Works, one of our independent agencies, and Lowe. The McCann increase was the result ofdue to higher revenue from existing clients and net client wins in public relations and sports marketing, partially offset by declines in the timingevents marketing businesses due to net client losses. International revenues were consistent period over period primarily due to increased client spending in the events marketing businesses in Europe offset by project-based events that did not recur in the first quarter of revenue recognition as there were fewer revenue deferrals as compared to2007 in the same period in 2005. Partly offsetting this wasAsia Pacific region and a decline in the healthcaresports marketing business in North America. TheEurope due to net client losses.
SEGMENT OPERATING (LOSS) INCOME
             
  Three Months Ended
    
  March 31,    
  2007  2006  Change 
 
Segment operating (loss) income $(1.4) $4.2   (133.3)%
             
Operating margin  (0.6)%  1.9%    
             
Operating income decreased to a loss primarily as a result of an increase at Draft FCB Group was driven by higher spending from existing clients in North America,salaries and related expenses of $10.6 and an increase in office and general expenses of $4.7, partially offset by the impactincrease in revenue of net client losses and higher revenue deferrals due to lack of persuasive evidence of client arrangements in 2006. The decrease at The Works, a dedicated General Motors resource, was primarily due to the loss of General Motors media business in 2005. Revenue at Lowe decreased primarily due to net client losses and reduced spending by existing clients


3718


 
THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

domestically. We expect that the results for Lowe and The Works will continue to be negatively affected in the remaining months of 2006 by client losses that occurred in 2005.
For the first nine months of 2006, the revenue decline was primarily a result of the sale of several businesses at Draft FCB Group and McCann in 2005, partially offset by an organic increase. This organic increase was driven primarily by McCann and Draft FCB Group, partially offset by decreases at Lowe, The Works and Initiative. The McCann and Draft FCB Group increase was largely due to factors similar to those mentioned above for the third quarter. The increase was partially offset by the impact of 2005 net client losses that primarily affected the first six months of 2006. Revenue at Lowe decreased primarily due to reduced spending by existing clients and net client losses. The decrease at The Works was due to factors similar to those mentioned above for the third quarter. The decrease at Initiative was primarily due to net client losses.
SEGMENT OPERATING INCOME
                                 
  Three Months Ended September 30,  Nine Months Ended September 30, 
  2006  2005  $  % Change  2006  2005  $  % Change 
     (Restated)           (Restated)       
 
Segment operating income $75.3  $(40.5) $115.8   (285.9)% $121.8  $28.7  $93.1   324.4%
                                 
Operating margin  6.1%  (3.3)%          3.4%  0.8%        
                                 
Operating income increased during the third quarter of 2006 due to a decrease in office and general expenses of $70.3, a decrease in$9.7. Higher salaries and related expenses of $32.0 and an increase in revenue of $13.5. The organic segment operating income increase was driven primarily by McCann and Draft FCB Group. The McCann increase was the result of higher revenue and reduced office and general expenses primarily relating to lower production expenses, lower bad debt expense and reduced professional fees in connection with accounting projects, such as those related to our restatement activities. The Draft FCB Group increase was driven by higher revenue and decreases in office and general expenses, partially offset by increases in salaries and related expenses. Office and general expenses declined due to a reduction in professional fees for reasons similar to those mentioned for McCann. Salaries and related expenses increased to support revenue growth primarily in North America and Asia Pacific.
For the first nine monthshiring of 2006, operating income increased as a result of a decrease in office and general expenses of $99.1 and a decrease in salaries and related expenses of $76.5, partially offset by a decrease in revenue of $82.5. The organic segment operating income increase was driven primarily by increases at McCann, partially offset by net decreases at our independent agencies. Operating income at McCann increased due to higher revenue and reduced office and general expenses for reasons similar to those described above for the third quarter. The net decline at our independent agencies was driven by decreased revenue, primarily at The Works, for the reasons mentioned above in the revenue section.


38


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

CONSTITUENCY MANAGEMENT GROUP (“CMG”)
REVENUE
                 
  Three Months Ended  Nine Months Ended 
  $  % Change  $  % Change 
 
September 30, 2005 (Restated) $226.3      $663.6     
                 
Foreign currency changes  1.4   0.6%  (2.0)  (0.3)%
Net acquisitions/divestitures  (0.3)  (0.1)%  (2.8)  (0.4)%
Organic  (0.2)  (0.1)%  24.4   3.7%
                 
Total change  0.9   0.4%  19.6   3.0%
September 30, 2006 $227.2      $683.2     
                 
Revenue increased slightly during the third quarter of 2006 largely due to the effect of foreign currency exchange rates. The slight organic revenue decline related to decreases internationally in the events marketing businesses from lower spending by existing clients, the timing of completion of significant projects and the mix of gross versus net revenue contracts in 2006 when compared to 2005. The decrease was mostly offset by growthadditional staff in the public relations and sports marketing businesses domesticallyto support their revenue growth. Office and general expenses increased primarily due to higher revenue from existing clients.
ForCorporate charges allocated to the first nine monthssegment related to the implementation of 2006, revenue growth was a result ofnew information technology-related projects. On an organic basis, the operating expense increase was greater than the revenue increase, inwhich contributed to the public relations, branding and sports marketing businesses domestically, which was due to higher revenue from existing clients. The increase was partially offset by declines internationally in the events marketing business as described above for the third quarter. Partially offsetting this increase were the sale of two small businesses in 2005 and the negative effect of foreign currency exchange rates.
SEGMENT OPERATING INCOME
                                 
  Three Months Ended September 30,  Nine Months Ended September 30, 
  2006  2005  $  % Change  2006  2005  $  % Change 
     (Restated)           (Restated)       
 
Segment operating income $10.8  $14.5  $(3.7)  (25.5)% $27.4  $22.2  $5.2   23.4%
                                 
Operating margin  4.8%  6.4%          4.0%  3.3%        
                                 
Operating income decreased during the third quarter of 2006, primarily as a result of an increase in salaries and related expenses of $11.2, partially offset by a decrease in office and general expenses of $6.6. The organic segment operating income decline was in part a result of a decline in the events marketing businesses, partially offset by increases in the sports marketing and public relations businesses. The events marketing businesses decline was due to lower revenue for reasons similar to those discussed in the revenue section above, partially offset by decreased office and general expenses. The increase in the sports marketing business was driven by decreases in office and general expenses due to lower production expenses in 2006. The increase in the public relations business was driven by revenue growth in excess of higher salary and related expenses, primarily related to increased headcount to support revenue growth.
For the first nine months of 2006, operating income increased due to revenue growth of $19.6 and a decrease in office and general expenses of $6.5, partially offset by an increase in salaries and related expenses of $20.9. The organic segment operating income increase was driven primarily by increasesloss at the public


39


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

relations and branding businesses, partially offset by decreases at other CMG agencies. The growth at the public relations businesses was driven by increased revenue, partially offset by increased salaries and related expenses for reasons similar to those described above for the third quarter. The growth at the branding business was driven primarily by higher revenue from existing clients. At other CMG agencies, decreases were primarily due to revenue declines.CMG.
 
CORPORATE AND OTHER
 
Certain corporate and other charges are reported as a separate line within total segment operating income (loss) and include corporate office expenses and shared service center expenses, as well as certain other centrally managed expenses that are not fully allocated to operating divisions, as shown in the table below. The amounts allocated to operating divisions are calculated monthly based on a formula that uses the revenues of the operating unit. Amounts allocated also include specific charges for information technology related projects, which are allocated based on utilization. The following expenses are included in Corporate and other:
                                            
 Three Months Ended September 30, Nine Months Ended September 30,  Three Months Ended
   
 2006 2005 $ % Change 2006 2005 $ % Change  March 31,   
   (Restated)       (Restated)      2007 2006 Change 
Salaries and related expenses $57.3  $38.5  $18.8   48.8% $151.5  $130.7  $20.8   15.9% $58.0  $50.3   15.3%
Professional fees  19.7   61.5   (41.8)  (68.0)%  103.1   146.2   (43.1)  (29.5)%  25.4   60.8   (58.2)%
Rent, depreciation and amortization  16.4   13.0   3.4   26.2%  48.5   36.2   12.3   34.0%  17.3   15.3   13.1%
Corporate insurance  6.2   6.3   (0.1)  (1.6)%  16.3   19.8   (3.5)  (17.7)%  6.0   4.9   22.4%
Other  7.1   4.9   2.2   44.9%  19.4   12.2   7.2   59.0%  7.7   6.0   28.3%
Expenses allocated to operating divisions  (47.9)  (48.9)  1.0   (2.0)%  (140.7)  (129.2)  (11.5)  8.9%  (55.8)  (46.8)  19.2%
                        
Total $58.8  $75.3  $(16.5)  (21.9)% $198.1  $215.9  $(17.8)  (8.2)% $  58.6  $  90.5   (35.2)%
                        
 
For the third quarter of 2006, Corporate and other expenses decreased primarily due to lowerreduced professional fees forand higher amounts allocated to operating divisions, partially offset by increased salaries and related expenses. Lower professional fees were primarily from reduced costs associated with finance related projects, including internal control compliance, certain accounting projects which included those relatedand legal consultation. Amounts allocated to our restatement activities. Partially offsettingoperating divisions increased primarily due to the decrease was an increase in salariesimplementation of new information technology-related projects and the charging of shared service and technology expenses. Salaries and related expenses primarily increased due to higher incentive compensationa one-time performance equity-based award granted in 2006 to a limited number of operating and annual bonus award accruals for reasons similar to those discussed above in thecorporate executives. Additionally, salaries and related expenses section.
For the first nine months of 2006, Corporate and other expenses decreased primarily due to lower professional fees for reasons similar to those described above for the third quarter. This was offset by higher rent, depreciation and amortization due to software related costs from our ongoing initiatives to consolidate and upgrade our financial systems, as well as to further develop our shared services. Salaries and related expenses increased due to increasedhigher headcount and for reasons similarat our shared service center, which is used to those described above for the third quarter. Additionally, Corporate and other expenses were unfavorably affected by reduced foreign exchange gains on certain balance sheet items.support our technology initiatives.


40


 
THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
 
CASH FLOW OVERVIEW
 
Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities decreased by $722.4$438.7 to $1,469.1 for$1,518.4 during the first nine monthsquarter of 20062007 primarily due to working capital usage, as well as costs associated with the ELF financing transaction and capital expenditures.usage. Of this change, marketable securities increased by $90.0.$50.1, primarily as a result of our net purchases of auction rate securities in the quarter. A summary of our cash flow activities is as follows:
 
         
  Nine Months Ended 
  September 30,
  September 30,
 
  2006  2005 
 
Net Cash used in Operating Activities  (580.9)  (369.8)
Net Cash (used in) provided by Investing Activities  (120.7)  279.7 
Net Cash used in Financing Activities  (115.4)  (81.5)
         
  Three Months Ended March 31, 
  2007  2006 
 
Net cash used in operating activities $(382.5) $(528.1)
Net cash used in investing activities  (84.1)  (322.0)
Net cash used in financing activities  (30.7)  (27.2)
 
Operating Activities
 
Cash used in operating activities duringDuring the first nine monthsquarter of 2006 was primarily due to2007, we used working capital usage of $580.8. Changes$283.3. Working capital reflects changes in working capital usage include accounts receivable, expenditures billable to clients, prepaid expenses and other current assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities. MediaDuring the three months ended March 31, 2007, a reduction in accounts


19


MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

payable of $347.4 and in accrued media and production expenses of $127.3, included in accrued liabilities, was more than offset by a reduction in accounts receivable of $489.6. Accrued liabilities also decreased as a result of payments related to cash incentive awards earned during 2006. Accrued liabilities are affected by the timing of certain payments. For example, while employee incentive awards are accrued throughout the year, they are paid during the first quarter of the subsequent year.
The timing of media buying on behalf of our clients affects our working capital and operating cash flow. In most of our businesses, we collect funds from our clients which we use, on their behalf, to pay production costs and media costs. The amounts involved substantially exceed our revenues, and primarily affect the current assetslevel of accounts receivable, expenditures billable to clients, accounts payable and current liabilities on our balance sheet reflect these pass-through arrangements.accrued media and production liabilities. Our assets include both cash received and accounts receivable from clients for these pass-through arrangements, while our liabilities include amounts owed on behalf of clients to media and production suppliers. Generally, we pay production and media charges after we have received funds from our clients, and our risk from client nonpayment has historically not been significant. During the first nine months of 2006, cash used in accounts payable of $814.2 was partially offset by cash collected from accounts receivable of $690.8. Cash used in accrued liabilities of $316.5 was mainly due to payments of 2005 bonus awards, severance and professional fees. Working capital changes for the first nine months of 2005 were also primarily due to changes in liabilities.
Prepaid expenses and other current assets included net refunds of approximately $17.4 received during the third quarter of 2006 from the IRS in connection with deductions recognized in the final settlement of the 1994 through 1996 audit years. This refund resulted primarily from the timing of an IRS adjustment, which may not be available in a future year. Also during the second quarter of 2006, we remitted approximately $60.0, including interest, to the IRS and state and local tax authorities related to income tax audit matters. Other changes in other noncurrent assets and liabilities were primarily due to increased accrued taxes.
 
The net loss of $95.5$125.9 during the first ninethree months of 2006 includedended March 31, 2007 includes non-cash items that are not expected to generate cash or require the use of cash. TotalNet non-cash expense items of $95.4$31.8 primarily includedinclude the add-back of the deferred income tax benefit, depreciation of fixed assets and the amortization of intangible assets, restricted stock awards and non-cash compensation, bond discounts and deferred financing costs, partly offset by deferred income taxes.compensation.
 
Investing Activities
 
Cash used in investing activities during the first ninethree months of 2006ended March 31, 2007 primarily reflects capital expenditures, acquisitions and divestitures, purchases and sales of investments, and our purchases and maturities of short-term marketable securities. Netnet purchases of short-term marketable securities, capital expenditures and acquisitions. Net purchases of $91.5


41


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

represent investmentmarketable securities were from purchases of a portionauction rate securities which are classified as short-term marketable securities based upon our evaluation of our cash in highly liquid securitiesthe maturity dates associated with maturities exceeding three months.the underlying bonds. The cash flows attributable to these investmentsshort-term marketable securities vary from one period to another because of changes in the maturity profile of our treasury investments. Cash used in investing activities was also impacted by capitalCapital expenditures of $69.8.$28.0 primarily related to computer hardware and leasehold improvements. Payments for acquisitions related to the purchase of an agency in Latin America and deferred payments on prior acquisitions.
 
Financing Activities
 
Cash used in financing activities during the first ninethree months ended March 31, 2007 primarily reflects repayments of 2006 included fees of $41.8short-term borrowings and call spread transaction costs of $29.2 that we incurred in connection with entering into a new credit agreement in the second quarter of 2006 (see Sources of Funds for a description of this credit agreement). Cash used in financing also included dividend payments of $35.1$6.9 on our Series A Preferred Stock and Series B Preferred Stock.
 
LIQUIDITY OUTLOOK
 
We expect our operating cash flow, cash and cash equivalents as well as ourand marketable securities to be sufficient to meet our anticipated operating requirements at a minimum for the next twelve months.
 
We believe that a conservative approach to liquidity is appropriate for our company,Company, in view of the cash requirements resulting from, among other things, high professional fees, liabilities to our clients for vendor discounts and credits, any potential penalties or fines that may have to be paid in connection with the ongoing SEC investigation, the normal cash variability inherent in our operations and other unanticipated requirements.
In addition, until our margins consistently improve in connection with our turnaround, we anticipate that cash generation from operations will continue tocould be challenged. challenged in certain periods.
A reduction in our liquidity in future periods as a result of the above items or other business objectives could requirelead us to seek new or additional sources of liquidity to fund our working capital needs. We regularlyFrom time to time we evaluate market conditions and a wide range of financing alternatives for opportunities to raise additional financing or


20


MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

otherwise improve our liquidity profile and enhance our financial flexibility. There can be no guarantee that we willwould be able to access new sources of liquidity on commercially reasonable terms, or at all.
 
Funding Requirements
 
Our most significant funding requirements include: our operations, non-cancelable operating lease obligations, capital expenditures, payments related to vendor discounts and credits, debt service, preferred stock dividends, contributions to pension and postretirement plans, acquisitions and dispositions and taxes.
 
Our non-cancelable lease commitmentsOn March 15, 2008 holders of our $400.0 4.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2023 may require us to repurchase these Notes for cash at par. The remainder of our debt profile is primarily relatelong-term, with maturities scheduled from 2009 to office premises and equipment. These commitments are partially offset by sublease rental income we receive under non-cancelable subleases.
Capital expenditures are primarily to upgrade computer and telecommunications systems and to modernize offices.2023.
 
Of the liabilities recognized as part of the restatement set forth in our 2004 Annual Report onForm 10-K,2005 Restatement, we estimate that we will pay approximately $160.0$100.0 related to vendor discounts and credits, internal investigations and international compensation arrangements over the next 12 months. For
Our Series B Preferred Stock provides for a quarterly dividend of $13.125 per share, or $6.9. We have not paid any dividends on our common stock since December of 2002. The terms of our Series B Preferred Stock do not permit us to pay dividends on our common stock unless all accumulated and unpaid dividends on our Series B Preferred Stock have been, or contemporaneously are, declared and paid, or provision for the first nine monthspayment thereof has been made.
We are currently evaluating strategic opportunities to grow the business and increase our ownership interests in current investments, particularly to develop the digital and marketing services components of 2006,our business and to expand our presence in key markets, including Brazil, Russia, India and China.
We have various tax years under examination in various countries in which we satisfied $55.3have significant business operations. We do not know whether these examinations will, in the aggregate, result in our paying additional income taxes, which we believe are adequately reserved for.
FINANCING AND SOURCES OF FUNDS
Substantially all of these liabilities throughour operating cash paymentsflow is generated by our agencies. Our liquid assets are held primarily at the holding company level, and to a lesser extent at our largest subsidiaries.
In recent years, we have obtained long-term financing in the capital markets by issuing debt securities, convertible debt securities and convertible preferred stock. We have also used borrowing facilities to provide us with liquidity for working capital needs. In connection with the ELF Financing, we also have two series of $50.4equity warrants outstanding and reductionshave entered into call spread transactions in connection with one of certain client receivablesthe series of $4.9.equity warrants.
Credit Facilities
Our principal credit facility is our $750.0 Three-Year Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), which we can utilize for cash advances and for letters of credit up to $600.0. This is a revolving facility under which amounts borrowed may be repaid and borrowed again, and the aggregate available amount of letters of credit may decrease or increase, subject to the overall limit of $750.0 and a $600.0 limit on letters of credit. We have not drawn on the Credit Agreement or our previous committed credit agreements since late 2003.
In addition to the Credit Agreement, we have uncommitted credit facilities with various banks that permit borrowings at variable interest rates. We use our uncommitted credit lines for working capital needs at some of our operations outside the United States and the amount outstanding as of March 31, 2007 was $61.8. If we


4221


 
THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

Welose access to these credit lines we would have no significant scheduled amountsto provide funding directly to some overseas operations. The weighted-average interest rate on this outstanding balance was approximately 5%.
Letters of long-term debt due until July 2008, when our $250.0 Floating Rate Senior Unsecured Notes mature. In addition, holders of our $800.0 4.50% Convertible Senior Notes may require us to repurchase the 4.50% Notes for cash at par in March 2008.Credit
 
We are required from time to time to post letters of credit, primarily to support our commitments, or those of our subsidiaries, to purchase media placements, mostly in locations outside the United States, or to satisfy other obligations. These letters of credit are generally backed by letters of credit issued under our committed credit agreement.the Credit Agreement. As of September 30, 2006,March 31, 2007, the aggregate amount of outstanding letters of credit issued for our account under our committed credit agreementthe Credit Agreement was $219.9.$222.9. These letters of credit have historically not been drawn upon historically.
We have not paid dividends on our common stock since December of 2002. The terms of our outstanding series of preferred stock do not permit us to pay dividends on our common stock unless all accumulated and unpaid dividends on our preferred stock have been, or contemporaneously are, declared and paid, or provision for the payment thereof has been made. Our Series A Preferred Stock provides for a quarterly dividend of $0.671875 per share, or $5.0, and our Series B Preferred Stock provides for a quarterly dividend of $13.125 per share, or $6.9. Our Board of Directors has declared, and we have paid, each quarterly dividend on both of our outstanding series of preferred stock since their respective dates of issuance.
On December 15, 2006 each share of the Series A Preferred Stock will convert, subject to certain adjustments, into between 3.0358 and 3.7037 shares of our common stock, depending on the then-current market price of our common stock. As a result, we currently expect to issue 27.6 shares of our common stock. As a result of this conversion, future preferred stock dividend requirements will be lower.
We make contributions to our pension and postretirement benefit plans throughout the year, as determined using actuarial methods and assumptions. In the first nine months of 2006, we made contributions of $35.2 to our domestic and foreign pension plans. For the remainder of 2006, we do not anticipate making additional contributions to our domestic pension plans. We expect to contribute an additional $7.1 to our foreign pension plans.
We purchase and sell agencies, which affects our liquidity and will continue to do so in the future. Historically, deferred payments related to past acquisitions have been a significant funding requirement for us, although these payments have decreased significantly in recent years as we have made fewer acquisitions. Under the contractual terms of certain of our past acquisitions we have long-term obligations to pay additional consideration or to purchase additional equity interests in certain consolidated or unconsolidated subsidiaries if specified conditions, mostly relating to operating performance, are met. Some of the consideration under these arrangements is in shares of our common stock, but most is in cash. For the first nine months of 2006 and 2005, we made cash payments related to past acquisitions of $20.4 and $86.4, respectively. Of these amounts $6.5 and $4.7 were recorded as compensation expense for the first nine months of 2006 and 2005, respectively. Future acquisitions would impose additional funding requirements on us.
We have various tax years under examination in various countries in which we have significant business operations. We do not know whether these examinations will, in the aggregate, result in our paying additional income taxes, which we believe are adequately reserved for. We do not expect to make significant payments or receive significant refunds in the fourth quarter of 2006.upon.
 
Sources of FundsCash Pooling
 
As of September 30, 2006 our cash and cash equivalents plus short-term marketable securities was $1,469.1 compared to $2,191.5 as of December 31, 2005. We aggregate our net domestic cash position on a daily basis. Outside the United States, we use cash pooling arrangements with banks to help manage our liquidity requirements. In these pooling arrangements, several Interpublic agencies agree with a single bank that the cash balances of any of the agencies with the bank will be subject to a full right of setoff against


43


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

amounts the other agencies owe the bank, and the bank provides overdrafts as long as the net balance for all the agencies does not exceed anagreed-upon level. Typically each agency pays interest on outstanding overdrafts and receives interest on cash balances. Our consolidated balance sheet reflectssheets reflect cash net of overdrafts for each pooling arrangement. At September 30, 2006 and DecemberAs of March 31, 2005,2007 a gross amount of $943.9 and $842.6, respectively,approximately $1,053.0 in cash was netted against an equal gross amount of overdrafts under pooling arrangements.
Substantially all of our operating cash flow is generated by our agencies. Our liquid assets are held primarily at the holding company level, but also at our larger subsidiaries.
We have obtained financing through the capital markets by issuing debt securities, convertible preferred stock and common stock. During the second quarter of 2006 we entered into a $750.0 Three-Year Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) as part of a transaction we refer to as the “ELF Financing”. Under the Credit Agreement, a special-purpose entity called ELF Special Financing Ltd. (“ELF”) acts as the lender and letter of credit issuer. ELF is obligated at our request to make cash advances to us and to issue letters of credit for our account, in an aggregate amount not to exceed $750.0 outstanding at any time. The aggregate face amount of letters of credit may not exceed $600.0 at any time. The Credit Agreement is a revolving facility, under which amounts borrowed may be repaid and borrowed again, and the aggregate available amount of letters of credit may decrease or increase, subject to the overall limit of $750.0 and the $600.0 limit on letters of credit. We have not drawn on the Credit Agreement or our previous committed credit agreements since late 2003. We are not subject to any financial or other material restrictive covenants under the Credit Agreement. For additional information, see Notes 7 and 8 to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
In addition to the Credit Agreement, we have uncommitted credit facilities with various banks that permit borrowings at variable interest rates. We use our uncommitted credit lines for working capital needs at some of our operations outside the United States. There were borrowings under the uncommitted facilities made by several of our subsidiaries outside the United States totaling $61.1 and $53.7 at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively. We have guaranteed the repayment of some of these borrowings by our subsidiaries. If we lose access to these credit lines, we would have to provide funding directly to some overseas operations. The weighted-average interest rate on outstanding balances under the uncommitted short-term facilities at September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 was 4.9% and 4.3%, respectively.
 
CREDIT AGENCY RATINGS
 
Our long-term debt credit ratings as of September 30, 2006March 31, 2007 were Ba3 with negativestable outlook, B CreditWatch negativewith positive outlook and B with negative outlook, as reported by Moody’s Investors Service, Standard & Poor’s and Fitch Ratings, respectively. A downgrade in our credit ratings could adversely affect our ability to access capital and could result in more stringent covenants and higher interest rates under the terms of any new indebtedness.
 
INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
 
REVIEW OF STOCK OPTION PRACTICES
As discussed in more detail in Note 14 to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements, we decided to conduct a review of our practices for stock option grants. A review conducted by independent counsel retained by the Audit Committee, which is substantially complete, as well as a comprehensive accounting review performed by the Company, identified, among other things, deficiencies in the process of granting, documenting and accounting for stock options. Based on these reviews, additional compensation expense of $40.6 (pretax) should have been recorded over the years 1996 through 2003. In connection with the Company’s adoption of Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108,Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements when Quantifying Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements, this incremental compensation expense, net of tax, was recorded as a cumulative effect adjustment effective January 1, 2006. The impact of this


44


THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

adjustment was a charge of $26.4 to accumulated deficit, a $23.3 credit to additional paid-in capital and a $3.1 credit to other non-current liabilities.
As part of our overall Sarbanes-Oxley compliance remediation efforts, we are in the process of improving controls over all of our processes, including payroll related liabilities. As a result of the reviews discussed above, we have identified and are in the process of implementing enhanced controls and process improvements in connection with the issuance of equity awards.
MATERIAL WEAKNESSES
We have identified numerous material weaknesses in ourOur internal control over financial reporting as set forthis described in greater detail in Item 8.,8, Management’s Assessment onof Internal Control Over Financial Reporting, and Item 9A.,9A, Controls and Procedures, of our 2005 Annual Report onForm 10-K. Each of our material weaknesses results in more than a remote likelihood that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected. As a result, we have determined that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2005.
We are in the process of implementing remedial measures to address the material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. However, because of our decentralized structure and our many disparate accounting systems of varying quality and sophistication, we have extensive work remaining to remedy these material weaknesses. We have developed a comprehensive plan to remedy our material weaknesses, which was presented to the Audit Committee in July of 2006 and is in the process of being implemented. The plan provides for remediation of all the identified material weaknesses by December 31, 2007, but there can be no assurance that we will be able to meet this deadline. Until our remediation is completed, we will continue to incur the expenses and management burdens associated with the manual procedures and additional resources required to prepare our Consolidated Financial Statements. See Item 1A., Risk Factors, in our 2005 Annual Report onForm 10-K.
 
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES
 
Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 20052006 included in our 20052006 Annual Report onForm 10-K. As summarized in Item 7.7 of our 20052006 Annual Report onForm 10-K, we believe that certain of these policies are critical because they are important to the presentation of our financial condition and results of operations and they require management’s most difficult, subjective or complex judgments, often as a result of the need to estimate the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. We base our estimates on historical experience and on other factors that we consider reasonable under the circumstances. Estimation methodologies are applied consistently from year to year, and there have been no significant changes in the application of critical accounting estimates since December 31, 2005.2006 except as noted below in regards to income taxes. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
 
On January 1, 20062007 we adopted StatementFASB Interpretation No. 48,Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, (“FIN 48”) which prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement


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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS — (Continued)
(Amounts in Millions, Except Per Share Amounts)
(Unaudited)

recognition and measurement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (revised 2004),Share-Based Payment(“SFAS No. 123R”). See Note 3a tax position that an entity takes or expects to take in a tax return. Additionally, FIN 48 provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. The assessment of recognition and measurement requires critical estimates and the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for further information regardinguse of complex judgments. We evaluate our stock-based compensation.tax positions using a “more likely than not” recognition threshold and then we apply a measurement assessment to those positions that meet the recognition threshold.
 
RECENT ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
 
Please refer to Note 1210 to theour unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for a complete descriptiondiscussion of recent accounting standards whichthat we have not yet been required to implement, andbut which may be applicable to our operations,affect us in the future, as well as those significant accounting standards that have been adopted during 2006.2007.


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Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
 
There has been no significant change in our exposure to market risk during the ninethree months ended September 30, 2006.March 31, 2007. For a discussion of our exposure to market risk, refer to Part II, Item 7A.,7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, included in our 20052006 Annual Report onForm 10-K.
 
Item 4.  Controls and Procedures
Review of Stock Option Practices
As discussed in more detail in Note 14 to the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements, we decided to conduct a review of our practices for stock option grants. At our recommendation, our Audit Committee retained independent counsel to review our stock option practices related to the Company’s current and prior senior officers for a10-year period beginning in 1996. We also performed a comprehensive accounting review that supplemented the review done by independent counsel. The reviews identified, among other things, that there were deficiencies in the process of granting, documenting and accounting for stock options. As a result of these deficiencies we failed to record approximately $40.6 (pretax) of compensation expense for the years 1996 through 2003. We are in the process of implementing enhanced controls and process improvements in connection with the issuance of equity awards.
 
Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
We have carried out an evaluation under the supervision of, and with the participation of, our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2006.March 31, 2007. We continue to have numerous material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting as noted in Management’s Assessment onof Internal Control over Financial Reporting located in Item 8.,8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, ofin our 20052006 Annual Report onForm 10-K. Material weaknesses in internal controls may also constitute deficiencies in our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on an evaluation of these material weaknesses, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are not effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
 
There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives.
 
Changes in internal control over financial reporting
 
There has been no change in internal control over financial reporting in the quarter ended September 30, 2006March 31, 2007 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.


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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1.  Legal Proceedings
 
We are or have been involvedInformation about our legal proceedings is set forth in legal and administrative proceedings of various types. While any litigation contains an element of uncertainty, we do not believe thatNote 9 to the outcome of such proceedings or claims will have a material adverse effect on ourunaudited consolidated financial condition except as described below.statements included in this report.
 
SEC InvestigationItem 1A.  Risk Factors
The SEC opened a formal investigation in response to the restatement we first announced in August 2002, and as previously disclosed, the investigation has expanded to encompass the restatement set forth in our 2004 Annual Report onForm 10-K filed in September 2005 (the “2005 Restatement”). In particular, since we filed our 2004 Annual Report onForm 10-K, we have received subpoenas from the SEC relating to matters addressed in our 2005 Restatement. We have also responded to inquiries from the SEC staff concerning the restatement of the first three quarters of 2005 that we made in our 2005 Annual Report onForm 10-K. We continue to cooperate with the investigation. We expect that the investigation will result in monetary liability, but because the investigation is ongoing, in particular with respect to the 2005 Restatement, we cannot reasonably estimate either the amount, range of amounts or timing of a resolution. Accordingly, we have not yet established any provision relating to these matters.
Item 1A.Risk Factors
 
In the thirdfirst quarter of 2006,2007, there have been no material changes from risk factors as previously disclosed. See Item 1A.1A in our 20052006 Annual Report onForm 10-K.
 
Item 2.  Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
(a) The information provided below describes various transactions occurring duringDuring the thirdfirst quarter of 20062007, we engaged in one transaction, which is described below, in which we issued shares of our common stock, par value $.10 per share, that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).
 
1. On July 18, 2006,January 4, 2007, we issued 236,9168,159 shares of our common stock as part of a deferred payment of purchase price to twothree former shareholders of a company, that48% of the outstanding shares of which one of our subsidiaries had acquired in the fourthfirst quarter of 2000.2001. The shares were valued at $1,970,204.80$97,170 as of the date of issuance and were issued without registration in reliance on Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, based on the sophistication of the former shareholders of the acquired company. The former shareholders had accessan “offshore transaction” and solely to all the documents filed by us with the SEC.
2. On September 7, 2006, we issued 451,798 shares of our common stock as part of a deferred payment of purchase price to nineteen former shareholders of a company that one of our subsidiaries had acquired in the second quarter of 1999. The shares were valued at $4,006,100 as of the date of issuance and were issued without registration“non-U.S. persons” in reliance on Section 4(2) ofRegulation S under the Securities Act, based on the status of fourteen of the former shareholders of the acquired company as accredited investors and based on the sophistication of five of the former shareholders of the acquired company. The former shareholders had access to all the documents filed by us with the SEC.Act.


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(c) The following table provides information regarding our purchases of our equity securities during the period from JulyJanuary 1, 20062007 to September 30, 2006:March 31, 2007:
 
                 
           Maximum
 
           Number (or
 
           Approximate
 
           Dollar Value) of
 
        Total Number of Shares
  Shares (or Units)
 
        (or Units) Purchased as
  that May Yet Be
 
  Total Number of
  Average Price
  Part of Publicly
  Purchased Under
 
  Shares (or Units)
  Paid per Share
  Announced Plans
  the Plans or
 
  Purchased  (or Unit)(2)  or Programs  Programs 
 
July 1-31  1,886 shares  $8.23       
August 1-31  90,975 shares  $8.79       
September 1-30  24,354 shares  $9.64       
                 
Total(1)  117,215 shares  $8.95       
                 
           Maximum
 
           Number (or
 
           Approximate
 
           Dollar Value) of
 
        Total Number of Shares
  Shares (or Units)
 
        (or Units) Purchased as
  that May Yet be
 
  Total Number of
  Average Price
  Part of Publicly
  Purchased Under
 
  Shares (or Units)
  Paid per Share
  Announced Plans
  the Plans or
 
  Purchased  (or Unit)(2)  or Programs  Programs 
 
January 1-31  175,345 shares  $12.25       
February 1-28  31,365 shares  $12.81       
March 1-31  57,838 shares  $12.33       
                 
Total(1)
  264,548 shares  $12.34       
 
 
(1)Consists of restricted shares of our common stock withheld under the terms of grants under employee stock-based compensation plans to offset tax withholding obligations that occurred upon vesting and release of restricted shares during each month of the thirdfirst quarter of 20062007 (the “Withheld Shares”).
 
(2)The average price per month of the Withheld Shares was calculated by dividing the aggregate value of the tax withholding obligations for each month by the aggregate number of shares of common stock withheld each month.
 
(d) The terms of our outstanding series of preferred stock do not permit us to pay dividends on our common stock unless all accumulated and unpaid dividends on our preferred stock have been or contemporaneously are declared and paid or provision for the payment thereof has been made.


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Item 6.  Exhibits
 
   
Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
10(iii)(A) Letter, dated July 24, 2006, from Richard GoldsteinDescription of Performance Objectives To Be Used To Determine 2007 Management Incentive Compensation Awards Payable in 2008 to the Named Executive Officers of The Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc. (“Interpublic”). under Interpublic’s 2006 Performance Incentive Plan.
10(iii)(B)12.1 Letter, dated November 2, 2006, from Jill M. ConsidineSupplemental Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Interpublic.Fixed Charges.
12.2Supplemental Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends.
31.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant toRule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
31.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant toRule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
32 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer furnished pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 andRule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.


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STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING DISCLOSURE
This report onForm 10-Q contains forward-looking statements. Statements in this report that are not historical facts, including statements about management’s beliefs and expectations, constitute forward-looking statements. These statements are based on current plans, estimates and projections, and are subject to change based on a number of factors, including those outlined in our 2005 Annual Report onForm 10-K under Item 1A., Risk Factors. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to update publicly any of them in light of new information or future events.
Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties. A number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement. Such factors include, but are not limited to, the following:
• risks arising from material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting, including material weaknesses in our control environment;
• potential adverse effects to our financial condition, results of operations or prospects as a result of our restatements of financial statements;
• our ability to satisfy certain reporting covenants under our indentures;
• our ability to attract new clients and retain existing clients;
• our ability to retain and attract key employees;
• risks associated with assumptions we make in connection with our critical accounting estimates;
• potential adverse effects if we are required to recognize impairment charges or other adverse accounting-related developments;
• potential adverse developments in connection with the ongoing Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) investigation;
• potential downgrades in the credit ratings of our securities;
• risks associated with the effects of global, national and regional economic and political conditions, including fluctuations in interest rates and currency exchange rates; and
• developments from changes in the regulatory and legal environment for advertising and marketing and communications services companies around the world.
Investors should carefully consider these factors and the additional risk factors outlined in more detail in our 2005 Annual Report onForm 10-K under Item 1A., Risk Factors.


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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
THE INTERPUBLIC GROUP OF COMPANIES, INC.
 
 By 
/s/  Michael I. Roth
Michael I. Roth
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
 
Date: November 8, 2006May 10, 2007
 
 By 
/s/  Frank Mergenthaler
Frank Mergenthaler
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer
 
Date: November 8, 2006May 10, 2007


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INDEX TO EXHIBITS
 
   
Exhibit No.
 
Description
 
10(iii)(A) Letter, dated July 24, 2006, from Richard GoldsteinDescription of Performance Objectives To Be Used To Determine 2007 Management Incentive Compensation Awards Payable in 2008 to the Named Executive Officers of The Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc. (“Interpublic”). under Interpublic’s 2006 Performance Incentive Plan.
10(iii)(B)12.1 Letter, dated November 2, 2006, from Jill M. ConsidineSupplemental Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Interpublic.Fixed Charges.
12.2Supplemental Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends.
31.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer pursuant toRule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
31.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer pursuant toRule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
32 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer furnished pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 andRule 13a-14(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.


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