UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, ~~2021~~2022

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 1-31565

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

06-1377322

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

102 Duffy Avenue, Hicksville, New York 11801

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) (516) 683-4100

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered

Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share	NYCB	New York Stock Exchange
Bifurcated Option Note Unit SecuritiES SM	NYCB PU	New York Stock Exchange
Depository Shares each representing a 1/40th interest in a share of Fixed-to-Floating Rate Series A Noncumulative Perpetual Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value	NYCB PA	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐

Non-Accelerated filer	☐	Smaller Reporting Company	☐

		Emerging Growth Company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

~~465,020,799~~467,038,424

Number of shares of common stock outstanding at ~~October 25, 2021~~May 2, 2022

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

FORM 10-Q

Quarter Ended ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022


		Page No.

	Glossary	3

	List of Abbreviations and Acronyms	6

Part I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	7

Item 1.	Financial Statements	7

	Consolidated Statements of Condition as of ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 (unaudited) and December 31, ~~2020~~2021	7

	Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the ~~Three~~three months ended March 31, 2022 and ~~Nine Months Ended September 30,~~ 2021 ~~and 2020~~ (unaudited)	8

	Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the ~~Three~~three months ended March 31, 2022 and ~~Nine Months Ended September 30,~~ 2021 ~~and 2020~~ (unaudited)	9

	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the ~~Nine Months Ended September 30,~~three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 ~~and 2020~~ (unaudited)	1110

	Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements	1211

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	38

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	7169

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	7169

Part II.	OTHER INFORMATION	7270

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	7270

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	7270

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	7270

Item 3.	Defaults upon Senior Securities	7270

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	7270

Item 5.	Other Information	7270

Item 6.	Exhibits	7371

Signatures		7573

GLOSSARY

BASIS POINT

Throughout this filing, the year-over-year and quarter over quarter changes that occur in certain financial measures are reported in terms of basis points. Each basis point is equal to one hundredth of a percentage point, or 0.01%.

BOOK VALUE PER COMMON SHARE

Book value per common share refers to the amount of common stockholders’ equity attributable to each outstanding share of common stock, and is calculated by dividing total stockholders’ equity less preferred stock at the end of a period, by the number of shares outstanding at the same date.

BROKERED DEPOSITS

Refers to funds obtained, directly or indirectly, by or through deposit brokers that are then deposited into one or more deposit accounts at a bank.

CHARGE-OFF

Refers to the amount of a loan balance that has been written off against the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases.

COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE LOAN

A mortgage loan secured by either an income-producing property owned by an investor and leased primarily for commercial purposes or, to a lesser extent, an owner-occupied building used for business purposes. The CRE loans in our portfolio are typically secured by either office buildings, retail shopping centers, light industrial centers with multiple tenants, or mixed-use properties.

COST OF FUNDS

The interest expense associated with interest-bearing liabilities, typically expressed as a ratio of interest expense to the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities for a given period.

CRE CONCENTRATION RATIO

Refers to the sum of multi-family, non-owner occupied CRE, and acquisition, development, and construction (“ADC”) loans divided by total risk-based capital.

DEBT SERVICE COVERAGE RATIO

An indication of a borrower’s ability to repay a loan, the DSCR generally measures the cash flows available to a borrower over the course of a year as a percentage of the annual interest and principal payments owed during that time.

DERIVATIVE

A term used to define a broad base of financial instruments, including swaps, options, and futures contracts, whose value is based upon, or derived from, an underlying rate, price, or index (such as interest rates, foreign currency, commodities, or prices of other financial instruments such as stocks or bonds).

~~DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO~~

The percentage of our earnings that is paid out to shareholders in the form of dividends. It is determined by dividing the dividend paid per share during a period by our diluted earnings per share during the same period of time.

EFFICIENCY RATIO

Measures total operating expenses as a percentage of the sum of net interest income and non-interest income.

GOODWILL

Refers to the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of an acquired company’s assets, net of the liabilities assumed. Goodwill is reflected as an asset on the balance sheet and is tested at least annually for impairment.

GOVERNMENT-SPONSORED ENTERPRISES

Refers to a group of financial services corporations that were created by the United States Congress to enhance the availability, and reduce the cost of, credit to certain targeted borrowing sectors, including home finance. The GSEs include, but are not limited to, the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”), the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”), and the Federal Home Loan Banks (the “FHLBs”).

GSE OBLIGATIONS

Refers to GSE mortgage-related securities (both certificates and collateralized mortgage obligations) and GSE debentures.

INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY

Refers to the likelihood that the interest earned on assets and the interest paid on liabilities will change as a result of fluctuations in market interest rates.

INTEREST RATE SPREAD

The difference between the yield earned on average interest-earning assets and the cost of average interest-bearing liabilities.

LOAN-TO-VALUE RATIO

Measures the balance of a loan as a percentage of the appraised value of the underlying property.

MULTI-FAMILY LOAN

A mortgage loan secured by a rental or cooperative apartment building with more than four units.

NET INTEREST INCOME

The difference between the interest income generated by loans and securities and the interest expense produced by deposits and borrowed funds.

NET INTEREST MARGIN

Measures net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets.

NON-ACCRUAL LOAN

A loan generally is classified as a “non-accrual” loan when it is 90 days or more past due or when it is deemed to be impaired because we no longer expect to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, we cease the accrual of interest owed, and previously accrued interest is reversed and charged against interest income. A loan generally is returned to accrual status when the loan is current and we have reasonable assurance that the loan will be fully collectible.

NON-PERFORMING LOANS AND ASSETS

Non-performing loans consist of non-accrual loans and loans that are 90 days or more past due and still accruing interest. Non-performing assets consist of non-performing loans, OREO and other repossessed assets.

OREO AND OTHER REPOSSESSED ASSETS

Includes real estate owned by the Company which was acquired either through foreclosure or default. Repossessed assets are similar, except they are not real estate-related assets.

RENT-REGULATED APARTMENTS

In New York City, where the vast majority of the properties securing our multi-family loans are located, the amount of rent that tenants may be charged on the apartments in certain buildings is restricted under rent-stabilization laws. Rent-stabilized apartments are generally located in buildings with six or more units that were built between February 1947 and January 1974. Rent-regulated

apartments tend to be more affordable to live in because of the applicable regulations, and buildings with a preponderance of such rent-regulated apartments are therefore less likely to experience vacancies in times of economic adversity.

~~REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS~~

Repurchase agreements are contracts for the sale of securities owned or borrowed by the Bank with an agreement to repurchase those securities at an agreed-upon price and date. The Bank’s repurchase agreements are primarily collateralized by GSE obligations and other mortgage-related securities, and are entered into with either the FHLBs or various brokerage firms.

~~SYSTEMICALLY IMPORTANT FINANCIAL INSTITUTION (“SIFI”)~~TROUBLED DEBT RESTRUCTURING

A ~~bank holding company with total consolidated assets that average more than $250 billion over~~loan for which the ~~four most recent quarters~~terms have been modified resulting in a concession, and for which the borrower is designated a “Systemically Important Financial Institution” under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) of 2010, as amended by the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act of 2018.experiencing financial difficulties.

WHOLESALE BORROWINGS

Refers to advances drawn by the Bank against its line(s) of credit with the FHLBs, their repurchase agreements with the FHLBs and various brokerage firms, and federal funds purchased.

YIELD

The interest income associated with interest-earning assets, typically expressed as a ratio of interest income to the average balance of interest-earning assets for a given period.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS


ACL—Allowance for Credit Losses ~~on Loans and Leases~~		FDIC—Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

ADC—Acquisition, development, and construction loan		FHLB—Federal Home Loan Bank

ALCO—Asset and Liability Management Committee		FHLB-NY—Federal Home Loan Bank of New York

AMT—Alternative minimum tax		FOMC—Federal Open Market Committee

AOCL—Accumulated other comprehensive loss		FRB—Federal Reserve Board

ASC—Accounting Standards Codification		FRB-NY—Federal Reserve Bank of New York

ASU—Accounting Standards Update		Freddie Mac—Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation
~~BOLI—Bank-owned life insurance~~
BaaS—Banking as a Service		FTEs—Full-time equivalent employees
~~BP—Basis point(s)~~
BOLI—Bank-owned life insurance		GAAP—U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
~~CARES Act—Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic~~	~~Security Act~~
BP—Basis point(s)		GLBA—The Gramm Leach Bliley Act

CARES Act – Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act		GNMA—Government National Mortgage Association

C&I—Commercial and industrial loan		~~GNMA—Government National Mortgage Association~~GSE—Government-sponsored enterprises

CDs—Certificates of deposit		~~GSE—Government Sponsored Enterprises~~
~~CFPB—Consumer Financial Protection Bureau~~		LIBOR—London Interbank Offered Rate
~~CMOs—Collateralized mortgage obligations~~		~~LSA—Loss Share Agreements~~
~~CMT—Constant maturity treasury rate~~CECL—Current Expected Credit Loss		LTV—Loan-to-value ratio
~~CPI—~~
CFPB—Consumer ~~Price Index~~Financial Protection Bureau		MBS—Mortgage-backed securities
~~CPR—~~
CMOs—Collateralized mortgage obligations		MSRs—Mortgage servicing rights

CMT—Constant ~~prepayment~~maturity treasury rate		NIM—Net interest margin
~~CRA—Community Reinvestment Act~~
CPI—Consumer Price Index		NOL—Net operating loss
~~CRE—Commercial real estate loan~~
CPR—Constant prepayment rate		NPAs—Non-performing assets
~~DIF—Deposit Insurance Fund~~
CRA—Community Reinvestment Act		NPLs—Non-performing loans
~~DFA—Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer~~	~~Protection Act~~
CRE—Commercial real estate loan		NPV—Net Portfolio Value
~~DSCR—Debt service coverage ratio~~
DIF—Deposit Insurance Fund		NYSDFS—New York State Department of Financial Services
~~EAR—Earnings at Risk~~
DFA—Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act		NYSE—New York Stock Exchange

~~EPS—Earnings per common share~~DSCR - Debt service coverage ratio		OCC—Office of the Comptroller of the Currency
~~ERM—Enterprise~~
EAR—Earnings at Risk ~~Management~~		OFAC—Office of Foreign Assets Control

~~EVE—Economic Value of Equity at Risk~~EPS—Earnings per common share		OREO—Other real estate owned

ERM—Enterprise Risk Management		OTTI—Other-than-temporary impairment

ESOP—Employee Stock Ownership Plan		PPP—Paycheck Protection Program

EVE—Economic Value of Equity at Risk		ROU—Right of use asset

Fannie Mae—Federal National Mortgage Association		~~PPP—Paycheck Protection Program loans administered by the Small Business Administration~~SEC—U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
FASB—Financial Accounting Standards Board		~~SEC—U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission~~
~~FDI Act—Federal Deposit Insurance Act~~		SIFI—Systemically Important Financial Institution
FCA—the United Kingdom's Financial Conduct Authority		~~TDRs—Troubled debt restructurings~~
		SOFR—Secured Overnight Financing Rate

FDI Act—Federal Deposit Insurance Act		TDR—Troubled debt restructurings

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION

~~(in millions, except share data)~~

September 30,
2021

December 31,
2020

(unaudited)

Assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

$
2,522

$
1,948

Securities:

Debt securities available-for-sale ($1,234 and $1,278 pledged at September 30, 2021 and
   December 31, 2020, respectively) (Allowance for credit losses of $0 at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020)

5,898

5,813

Equity investments with readily determinable fair values, at fair value

16

32

Total securities

5,914

5,845

Loans held for sale

-

117

Loans and leases held for investment, net of deferred loan fees and costs

43,687

42,884

Less: Allowance for credit losses on loans and leases

(200
)

(194
)
Total loans and leases held for investment, net

43,487

42,690

Total loans and leases held for investment and held for sale, net

43,487

42,807

Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost

684

714

Premises and equipment, net

274

287

Operating lease right-of-use assets

252

267

Goodwill

2,426

2,426

Bank-owned life insurance

1,178

1,164

Other real estate owned and other repossessed assets

9

8

Other assets

1,144

840

Total assets

$
57,890

$
56,306

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:

Deposits:

Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts

$
13,028

$
12,610

Savings accounts

7,979

6,416

Certificates of deposit

8,724

10,331

Non-interest-bearing accounts

4,890

3,080

Total deposits

34,621

32,437

Borrowed funds:

Wholesale borrowings:

Federal Home Loan Bank advances

13,978

14,628

Repurchase agreements

800

800

Total wholesale borrowings

14,778

15,428

Junior subordinated debentures

360

360

Subordinated notes

296

296

Total borrowed funds

15,434

16,084

Operating lease liabilities

252

267

Other liabilities

616

676

Total liabilities

50,923

49,464

Stockholders’ equity:

Preferred stock at par $0.01 (5,000,000 shares authorized): Series A (515,000 shares
   issued and outstanding)

503

503

Common stock at par $0.01 (900,000,000 shares authorized; 490,439,070 and 490,439,070
   shares issued; and 465,020,799 and 463,901,808 shares outstanding, respectively)

5

5

Paid-in capital in excess of par

6,119

6,123

Retained earnings

678

494

Treasury stock, at cost (25,418,271 and 26,537,262 shares, respectively)

(246
)

(258
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax:

Net unrealized (loss) gain on securities available for sale, net of tax of $9 and ($25),
   respectively

(22
)

67

Net unrealized loss on pension and post-retirement obligations, net of tax of $19 and
   $22, respectively

(52
)

(59
)
Net unrealized loss on cash flow hedges, net of tax of $7 and $13, respectively

(18
)

(33
)
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax

(92
)

(25
)
Total stockholders’ equity

6,967

6,842

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

$
57,890

$
56,306


	March 31,			December 31,
	2022			2021
(in millions, except share data)	(unaudited)
ASSETS:
Cash, cash equivalents and due from banks	$	2,900		$	2,211
Securities:
Debt securities available-for-sale ($1,016 and $1,278 pledged at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively)		5,612			5,780
Equity investments with readily determinable fair values, at fair value		15			16
Total securities		5,627			5,796
Loans and leases held for investment, net of deferred loan fees and costs		46,758			45,738
Less: Allowance for credit losses on loans and leases		(197	)		(199	)
Total loans and leases, net		46,561			45,539
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost		679			734
Premises and equipment, net		266			270
Operating lease right-of-use assets		243			249
Goodwill		2,426			2,426
Bank-owned life insurance		1,186			1,184
Other real estate owned and other repossessed assets		7			8
Other assets		1,110			1,110
Total assets	$	61,005		$	59,527
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Deposits:
Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts	$	16,360		$	13,209
Savings accounts		9,272			8,892
Certificates of deposit		7,889			8,424
Non-interest-bearing accounts		4,433			4,534
Total deposits		37,954			35,059
Borrowed funds:
Wholesale borrowings:
Federal Home Loan Bank advances		13,880			15,105
Repurchase agreements		800			800
Total wholesale borrowings		14,680			15,905
Junior subordinated debentures		361			361
Subordinated notes		296			296
Total borrowed funds		15,337			16,562
Operating lease liabilities		243			249
Other liabilities		562			613
Total liabilities		54,096			52,483
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock at par $0.01 (5,000,000 shares authorized): Series A (515,000 shares issued and outstanding)		503			503
Common stock at par $0.01 (900,000,000 shares authorized; 490,439,070 and 490,439,070 shares issued; and 467,024,144 and 465,015,643 shares outstanding, respectively)		5			5
Paid-in capital in excess of par		6,107			6,126
Retained earnings		809			741
Treasury stock, at cost (23,414,926 and 25,423,427 shares, respectively)		(231	)		(246	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax:
Net unrealized loss on securities available for sale, net of tax of $99 and $17, respectively		(260	)		(45	)
Net unrealized loss on pension and post-retirement obligations, net of tax of $12 and $12 respectively		(31	)		(31	)
Net unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax of $(3) and $3, respectively		7			(9	)
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax		(284	)		(85	)
Total stockholders’ equity		6,909			7,044
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	61,005		$	59,527

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

~~See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.~~

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

~~(in millions, except per share data)~~

(unaudited)

For the

For the

Three Months Ended

Nine Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

2021

2020

2021

2020

Interest Income:

Loans and leases

$
376

$
380

$
1,145

$
1,154

Securities and money market investments

39

38

124

128

Total interest income

415

418

1,269

1,282

Interest Expense:

Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts

8

9

24

48

Savings accounts

7

8

20

25

Certificates of deposit

11

44

43

189

Borrowed funds

71

75

215

228

Total interest expense

97

136

302

490

Net interest income

318

282

967

792

(Recovery of) provision for credit losses

(1
)

13

(1
)

51

Net interest income after (recovery of) provision for credit losses

319

269

968

741

Non-Interest Income:

Fee income

6

5

17

16

Bank-owned life insurance

7

7

22

24

Net gain on securities

0

0

0

1

Other

2

2

6

5

Total non-interest income

15

14

45

46

Non-Interest Expense:

Operating expenses:

Compensation and benefits

77

74

229

229

Occupancy and equipment

22

24

65

63

General and administrative

30

31

96

86

Total operating expenses

129

129

390

378

Merger-related expenses

6

0

16

0

Total non-interest expense

135

129

406

378

Income before income taxes

199

154

607

409

Income tax expense

50

38

161

88

Net income

149

116

446

321

Preferred stock dividends

9

9

25

25

Net income available to common shareholders

$
140

$
107

$
421

$
296

Basic earnings per common share

$
0.30

$
0.23

$
0.90

$
0.63

Diluted earnings per common share

$
0.30

$
0.23

$
0.90

$
0.63

Net income

$
149

$
116

$
446

$
321

Other comprehensive gain (loss), net of tax:

Change in net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale,
   net of tax of $9; $0; $34 and ($16) respectively

(23
)

1

(89
)

43

Change in pension and post-retirement obligations, net of tax of
   $0; $0; ($1) and $0, respectively

1

0

3

0

Change in net unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax
   of $0; $1; $0 and $16, respectively

(2
)

(1
)

1

(43
)
Less: Reclassification adjustment for sales of available-for-sale
   securities, net of tax of $0; $0; $0 and $0, respectively

0

0

0

0

Reclassification adjustment for defined benefit pension plan,
   net of tax of $0; $0; ($1) and ($1), respectively

1

1

4

4

Reclassification adjustment for net gain on cash flow hedges
   included in net income, net of tax of ($2); ($1); ($4) and ($2), respectively

6

4

14

4

Total other comprehensive gain (loss), net of tax

(17
)

5

(67
)

8

Total comprehensive income, net of tax

$
132

$
121

$
379

$
329


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions, except per share data)	2022			2021
INTEREST INCOME:
Loans and leases	$	393		$	383
Securities and money market investments		36			40
Total interest income		429			423

INTEREST EXPENSE:
Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts		8			9
Savings accounts		8			6
Certificates of deposit		11			18
Borrowed funds		70			72
Total interest expense		97			105
Net interest income		332			318
Provision for credit losses		(2	)		4
Net interest income after provision for credit loan losses		334			314

NON-INTEREST INCOME:
Fee income		6			5
Bank-owned life insurance		7			7
Net loss on securities		(1	)		—
Other		2			2
Total non-interest income		14			14

NON-INTEREST EXPENSE:
Operating expenses:
Compensation and benefits		80			78
Occupancy and equipment		23			21
General and administrative		31			33
Total operating expense		134			132
Merger-related expenses		7			—
Total non-interest expense		141			132
Income before income taxes		207			196
Income tax expense		52			51
Net income	$	155		$	145
Preferred stock dividends		8			8
Net income available to common stockholders	$	147		$	137
Basic earnings per common share	$	0.31		$	0.29
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.31		$	0.29

Net income	$	155		$	145
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Change in net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available-for-sale, net of tax of $82; and $41, respectively		(215	)		(108	)
Change in pension and post-retirement obligations, net of tax of $0; and $(1), respectively		—			3
Change in net unrealized (loss) gain on cash flow hedges, net of tax of $(4) and $(1), respectively		12			3
Less: Reclassification adjustment for sales of available-for-sale securities, net of tax of $0; and $0, respectively		—			—
Reclassification adjustment for defined benefit pension plan, net of tax of $0; and $0, respectively		—			1
Reclassification adjustment for net gain on cash flow hedges included in net income, net of tax $(2); and $(2), respectively		4			4
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		(199	)		(97	)
Total comprehensive income, net of tax	$	(44	)	$	48

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

~~(in millions, except share data)~~

(unaudited)

Preferred

Common

Accumulated

Stock

Stock

Paid-in

Other

Total

Three Months Ended September 30, 2021

Shares
Outstanding

(Par
Value: $0.01)

(Par
Value: $0.01)

Capital in
Excess of Par

Retained
Earnings

Treasury
Stock, at Cost

Comprehensive
Loss, Net of Tax

Stockholders’
Equity

Balance at June 30, 2021

465,056,962

$
503

$
5

$
6,111

$
617

$
(245
)

$
(75
)

$
6,916

Shares issued for restricted stock, net of forfeitures

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards

—

—

—

8

—

—

—

8

Net income

—

—

—

—

149

—

—

149

Dividends paid on common stock ($0.17)

—

—

—

—

(79
)

—

—

(79
)
Dividends paid on preferred stock ($15.94)

—

—

—

—

(9
)

—

—

(9
)
Purchase of common stock

(36,163
)

—

—

—

—

(1
)

—

(1
)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax

—

—

—

—

—

—

(17
)

(17
)
Balance at September 30, 2021

465,020,799

$
503

$
5

$
6,119

$
678

$
(246
)

$
(92
)

$
6,967

Three Months Ended September 30, 2020

Balance at June 30, 2020

463,933,831

$
503

$
5

$
6,109

$
363

$
(257
)

$
(30
)

$
6,693

Shares issued for restricted stock, net of forfeitures

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards

—

—

—

9

—

—

—

9

Net income

—

—

—

—

116

—

—

116

Dividends paid on common stock ($0.17)

—

—

—

—

(78
)

—

—

(78
)
Dividends paid on preferred stock ($15.94)

—

—

—

—

(9
)

—

(9
)
Purchase of common stock

(29,747
)

—

—

—

—

(1
)

—

(1
)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax

—

—

—

—

—

—

5

5

Balance at September 30, 2020

463,904,084

$
503

$
5

$
6,118

$
392

$
(258
)

$
(25
)

$
6,735


(in millions, except share data)	Shares Outstanding			Preferred Stock (Par Value: $0.01)		Common Stock (Par Value: $0.01)		Paid-in Capital in excess of Par			Retained Earnings			Treasury Stock, at Cost			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax			Total Stockholders’ Equity
Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
Balance at December 31, 2021		465,015,643		$	503	$	5	$	6,126		$	741		$	(246	)	$	(85	)	$	7,044
Shares issued for restricted stock, net of forfeitures		2,910,435			—		—		(26	)		—			26			—			—
Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards		—			—		—		7			—			—			—			7
Net income		—			—		—		—			155			—			—			155
Dividends paid on common stock ($0.17)		—			—		—		—			(79	)		—			—			(79	)
Dividends paid on preferred stock ($15.94)		—			—		—		—			(8	)		—			—			(8	)
Purchase of common stock		(901,934	)		—		—		—			—			(11	)		—			(11	)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax		—			—		—		—			—			—			(199	)		(199	)
Balance at March 31, 2022		467,024,144		$	503	$	5	$	6,107		$	809		$	(231	)	$	(284	)	$	6,909

Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Balance at December 31, 2020		463,901,808		$	503	$	5	$	6,123		$	494		$	(258	)	$	(25	)	$	6,842
Shares issued for restricted stock, net of forfeitures		2,515,942			—		—		(28	)		—			28			—			—
Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards		—			—		—		8			—			—			—			8
Net income		—			—		—		—			145			—			—			145
Dividends paid on common stock ($0.17)		—			—		—		—			(79	)		—			—			(79	)
Dividends paid on preferred stock ($15.94)		—			—		—		—			(8	)		—			—			(8	)
Purchase of common stock		(1,343,366	)		—		—		—			—			(16	)		—			(16	)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax		—			—		—		—			—			—			(97	)		(97	)
Balance at March 31, 2021		465,074,384		$	503	$	5	$	6,103		$	552		$	(246	)	$	(122	)	$	6,795

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF ~~CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY~~

~~(in millions, except share data)~~CASH FLOWS

(unaudited)

Preferred

Common

Accumulated

Stock

Stock

Paid-in

Other

Total

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021

Shares
Outstanding

(Par
Value: $0.01)

(Par
Value: $0.01)

Capital in
excess of Par

Retained
Earnings

Treasury
Stock, at Cost

Comprehensive
Loss, Net of Tax

Stockholders’
Equity

Balance at December 31, 2020

463,901,808

$
503

$
5

$
6,123

$
494

$
(258
)

$
(25
)

$
6,842

Shares issued for restricted stock, net of forfeitures

2,515,942

—

—

(28
)

—

28

—

—

Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards

—

—

—

24

—

—

—

24

Net income

—

—

—

—

446

—

—

446

Dividends paid on common stock ($0.51)

—

—

—

—

(237
)

—

—

(237
)
Dividends paid on preferred stock ($47.82)

—

—

—

—

(25
)

—

—

(25
)
Purchase of common stock

(1,396,951
)

—

—

—

—

(16
)

—

(16
)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax

—

—

—

—

—

—

(67
)

(67
)
Balance at September 30, 2021

465,020,799

$
503

$
5

$
6,119

$
678

$
(246
)

$
(92
)

$
6,967

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020

Balance at December 31, 2019

467,346,781

$
503

$
5

$
6,115

$
342

$
(221
)

$
(33
)

$
6,711

Opening retained earnings adjustment (1)

—

—

—

—

(10
)

—

(10
)
Adjusted balance, beginning of period

332

6,701

Shares issued for restricted stock, net of forfeitures

2,321,105

—

—

(22
)

—

22

—

—

Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards

—

—

—

25

—

—

—

25

Net income

—

—

—

—

321

—

—

321

Dividends paid on common stock ($0.51)

—

—

—

—

(236
)

—

—

(236
)
Dividends paid on preferred stock ($47.82)

—

—

—

—

(25
)

—

—

(25
)
Purchase of common stock

(5,763,802
)

—

—

—

—

(59
)

—

(59
)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax

—

—

—

—

—

—

8

8

Balance at September 30, 2020

463,904,084

$
503

$
5

$
6,118

$
392

$
(258
)

$
(25
)

$
6,735

~~(1)~~

~~Amount represents a $~~10 ~~million cumulative adjustment, net of tax, to retained earnings as of January 1, 2020, as a result of the adoption of~~ ~~ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which became effective January 1, 2020.~~

~~See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements~~.

~~NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.~~

~~CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS~~

~~(in millions)~~

~~(unaudited)~~


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,						For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021			2020
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
(in millions)							2022			2021
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	446		$	321		$	155		$	145
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for credit losses		(1	)		51
(Recovery of) Provision for loan losses								(2	)		4
Depreciation		16			18			5			6
Amortization of discounts and premiums, net		(4	)		11			(1	)		1
Net loss (gain) on securities		—			—
Net gain on sales of loans		(1	)		—
Stock-based compensation		24			25			7			9
Deferred tax expense		(6	)		95			(8	)		31
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Increase in other assets(1)		(314	)		(164	)
Decrease in other assets(1)								—			8
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities(2)		(33	)		3			29			(28	)
Purchases of securities held for trading		(110	)		(15	)		(35	)		(60	)
Proceeds from sales of securities held for trading		110			15			35			60
Held for sale originations		(52	)		(119	)
Origination of loans held for sale								—			(52	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		75			241			185			124
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from repayment of securities available for sale		1,399			1,595			163			495
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale	—				484
Purchase of securities available for sale		(1,567	)		(1,473	)		(269	)		(985	)
Redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock		67			144			107			16
Purchases of Federal Home Loan Bank stock		(37	)		(194	)		(52	)		(1	)
Proceeds from bank-owned life insurance, net		10			8
Proceeds from (purchases of) bank-owned life insurance, net								5			7
Proceeds from sales of loans		37			3			—			33
Purchases of loans		(133	)		(51	)		(61	)		(21	)
Other changes in loans, net		(530	)		(896	)		(960	)		(225	)
(Purchases) dispositions of premises and equipment, net		(3	)		4
Purchases of premises and equipment, net								(1	)		—
Net cash used in investing activities		(757	)		(376	)		(1,068	)		(681	)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Net increase in deposits		2,184			48			2,895			1,760
Net increase in short-term borrowed funds		—			1,575
Net decrease in short-term borrowed funds								(1,150	)		—
Proceeds from long-term borrowed funds		650			4,625			1,000			325
Repayments of long-term borrowed funds		(1,300	)		(5,076	)		(1,075	)		(650	)
Cash dividends paid on common stock		(237	)		(236	)		(79	)		(79	)
Cash dividends paid on preferred stock		(25	)		(25	)		(8	)		(8	)
Treasury stock repurchased	—				(50	)
Payments relating to treasury shares received for restricted stock award tax payments		(16	)		(9	)		(11	)		(16	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		1,256			852			1,572			1,332
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		574			717
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period		1,948			742
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period	$	2,522		$	1,459
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, due from banks and restricted cash								689			775
Cash, cash equivalents, due from banks, and restricted cash at beginning of year								2,211			1,948
Cash, cash equivalents, due from banks, and restricted cash at end of year							$	2,900		$	2,723
Supplemental information:
Cash paid for interest	$	311		$	519		$	110		$	113
Cash paid for income taxes		471			17			—			14
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Transfers to repossessed assets from loans	$	1		$	—
Securitization of residential mortgage loans to mortgage-backed securities available for sale		133			42		$	61			21
Transfer of loans from held for investment to held for sale		52			—			—			48
Transfer of loans from held for sale to held for investment		94			—
Shares issued for restricted stock awards		28			22			26			28

(1)

Includes $156 million and $155 million of amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022 and 2021, ~~and 2020,~~ respectively.

(2)

Includes $156 million and $155 million of amortization of operating lease liability for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022 and 2021, ~~and 2020,~~ respectively.

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

1110

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1. Organization, Basis of Presentation, and Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Organization

New York Community Bancorp, Inc. (on a stand-alone basis, the “Parent Company” or, collectively with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) was organized under Delaware law on July 20, 1993 and is the holding company for New York Community Bank (hereinafter referred to as the “Bank”).

Founded on April 14, 1859 and formerly known as Queens County Savings Bank, the Bank converted from a state-chartered mutual savings bank to the capital stock form of ownership on November 23, 1993, at which date the Company issued its initial offering of common stock (par value: $0.01 per share) at a price of $25.00 per share ($0.93 per share on a split-adjusted basis, reflecting the impact of nine stock splits between 1994 and 2004).

The Bank currently operates ~~236~~237 branches, 1918 of which operate directly under the New York Community Bank name. The remaining ~~217~~219 Community Bank branches operate through eight divisional banks: Queens County Savings Bank, Roslyn Savings Bank, Richmond County Savings Bank, Roosevelt Savings Bank, and Atlantic Bank in New York; Garden State Community Bank in New Jersey; AmTrust Bank in Florida and Arizona; and Ohio Savings Bank in Ohio.

Basis of Presentation

The following is a description of the significant accounting and reporting policies that the Company and its subsidiaries follow in preparing and presenting their consolidated financial statements, which conform to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and to general practices within the banking industry. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates that are particularly susceptible to change in the near term are used in connection with the determination of the allowance for credit losses and the evaluation of goodwill for impairment.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and other entities in which the Company has a controlling financial interest. All inter-company accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. The Company currently has certain unconsolidated subsidiaries in the form of wholly-owned statutory business trusts, which were formed to issue guaranteed capital securities. See Note 7, Borrowed Funds, for additional information regarding these trusts.

~~Dollar amounts are presented in millions, as compared to prior year filings which were presented in thousands of dollars.~~

Impact of Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

The Company adopted ASU No. ~~2020-04~~2022-01—Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Fair Value Hedging-Portfolio Layer Method in the first quarter of ~~2021~~2022 upon issuance. The amendments ~~provide optional expedients and exceptions for certain contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions~~ expand the current last-of-layer method of hedge accounting that ~~reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected~~permits only one hedged layer to ~~be discontinued because~~allow multiple hedged layers of ~~rate reform. The guidance~~a single closed portfolio. To reflect that expansion, the last-of-layer method is ~~effective from~~renamed the ~~date of issuance until December 31, 2022. If certain criteria are met,~~portfolio layer method. In addition, the amendments ~~allow exceptions to~~ expand the ~~designation criteria~~scope of the portfolio layer method to include non-prepayable assets; specify eligible hedging ~~relationship~~instruments in a single-layer hedge; provide additional guidance on the accounting for and ~~the assessment~~disclosure of hedge ~~effectiveness during~~basis adjustments; specify how hedge basis adjustments should be considered when determining credit losses for the ~~transition period.~~ assets included in the closed portfolio. To date, the guidance has not had ~~a material~~any impact on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition, results of operations, or cash flows. ~~The Company will continue to assess the impact as the reference rate transition occurs.~~

Note 2. Computation of Earnings per Common Share

Basic EPS is computed by dividing the net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS is computed using the same method as basic EPS, however, the computation reflects the potential dilution that would occur if outstanding in-the-money stock options were exercised and converted into common stock.

Unvested stock-based compensation awards containing non-forfeitable rights to dividends paid on the Company’s common stock are considered participating securities, and therefore are included in the two-class method for calculating EPS. Under the two-class method, all earnings (distributed and undistributed) are allocated to common shares and participating securities based on their respective rights to receive dividends on the common stock. The Company grants restricted stock to certain employees under its

stock-based compensation plan. Recipients receive cash dividends during the vesting periods of these awards, including on the unvested portion of such awards. Since these dividends are non-forfeitable, the unvested awards are considered participating securities and therefore have earnings allocated to them. The following table presents the Company’s computation of basic and diluted EPS for the periods indicated:


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,						For the Three Months Ended March 31,
(amounts in millions, except share and per share amounts)	2021			2020			2021			2020
Net income available to common shareholders	$	140		$	107		$	421		$	296
(in millions, except share and per share amounts)													2022			2021
Net income available to common stockholders													$	147		$	137
Less: Dividends paid on and earnings allocated to participating securities		(2	)		(1	)		(5	)		(4	)		(2	)		(2	)
Earnings applicable to common stock	$	138		$	106		$	416		$	292		$	145		$	135
Weighted average common shares outstanding		464,047,337			461,780,959			463,813,827			462,898,726			465,138,238			463,292,906
Basic earnings per common share	$	0.30		$	0.23		$	0.90		$	0.63		$	0.31		$	0.29
Earnings applicable to common stock	$	138		$	106		$	416		$	292		$	145		$	135
Weighted average common shares outstanding		464,047,337			461,780,959			463,813,827			462,898,726			465,138,238			463,292,906
Potential dilutive common shares		834,612			864,855			744,292			614,082			808,525			594,031
Total shares for diluted earnings per common share computation		464,881,949			462,645,814			464,558,119			463,512,808			465,946,763			463,886,937
Diluted earnings per common share and common share equivalents	$	0.30		$	0.23		$	0.90		$	0.63		$	0.31		$	0.29

Note 3: Reclassifications out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss


(in millions)		For the ~~Nine~~Three Months Ended ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022
~~(dollars in millions)~~ Details about Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Amount Reclassified out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (1)			Affected Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income
Unrealized gains ~~(losses)~~ on available-for-sale securities:	$		—0		Net gain ~~(losses)~~ on securities
			—0		Income tax expense
	$		—0		Net gain ~~(losses)~~ on securities, net of tax

Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges:	$		(186	)	Interest expense
		4	2		Income tax benefit
	$		(144	)	Net loss on cash flow hedges, net of tax
Amortization of defined benefit pension plan items:
Past service liability	$		—0		Included in the computation of net periodic credit(2)
Actuarial losses		(5	)0		Included in the computation of net periodic cost (2)
		(5	)0		Total before tax
		1	0		Income tax benefit
	$	(4	)0		Amortization of defined benefit pension plan items, net of tax
Total reclassifications for the period	$		(184	)

(1)

Amounts in parentheses indicate expense items.

(2)

See Note 8, “Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits,” for additional information.

Note 4. Securities

The following tables summarize the Company’s portfolio of debt securities available for sale and equity investments with readily determinable fair values at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020:~~2021:

September 30, 2021

(dollars in millions)

Amortized
Cost

Gross
Unrealized
Gain

Gross
Unrealized
Loss

Fair Value

Debt securities available-for-sale

Mortgage-Related Debt Securities:

GSE certificates

$
1,117

$
28

$
15

$
1,130

GSE CMOs

1,865

19

35

1,849

Total mortgage-related debt securities

$
2,982

$
47

$
50

$
2,979

Other Debt Securities:

U. S. Treasury obligations

$
65

$
—

$
—

$
65

GSE debentures

1,413

2

43

1,372

Asset-backed securities (1)

493

4

2

495

Municipal bonds

25

—

—

25

Corporate bonds

821

21

1

841

Foreign notes

25

1

—

26

Capital trust notes

96

7

8

95

Total other debt securities

$
2,938

$
35

$
54

$
2,919

Total debt securities available for sale

$
5,920

$
82

$
104

$
5,898

Equity Securities:

Mutual funds

$
16

$
—

$
—

$
16

Total equity securities

$
16

$
—

$
—

$
16

Total securities (2)

$
5,936

$
82

$
104

$
5,914

~~(1)~~

~~The underlying assets of the asset-backed securities are substantially guaranteed by the U.S. Government.~~

~~(2)~~

~~Excludes accrued interest receivable of $~~14 ~~million included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Condition.~~


	December 31, 2020									March 31, 2022
(dollars in millions)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gain		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
(in millions)										Amortized Cost			Gross Unrealized Gain			Gross Unrealized Loss			Fair Value
Debt securities available-for-sale
Mortgage-Related Debt Securities:
GSE certificates	$	1,155	$	54	$	—	$	1,209	$		1,126	$		3	$		66	$		1,063
GSE CMOs		1,787		45		3		1,829			1,680			1			128			1,553
Total mortgage-related debt securities	$	2,942	$	99	$	3	$	3,038	$		2,806	$		4	$		194	$		2,616
Other Debt Securities:
U.S. Treasury obligations	$	65	$	—	$	—	$	65
U. S. Treasury obligations									$		144	$		—	$		—	$		144
GSE debentures		1,158		4		4		1,158			1,524			1			152			1,373
Asset-backed securities (1)		530		2		6		526			461			1			6			456
Municipal bonds		26		1		—		27			25			—			1			24
Corporate bonds		871		18		6		883			881			8			11			878
Foreign notes		25		1		—		26			25			1			—			26
Capital trust notes		96		6		11		91			96			6			7			95
Total other debt securities	$	2,771	$	32	$	27	$	2,776	$		3,156	$		17	$		177	$		2,996
Total other securities available for sale	$	5,713	$	131	$	30	$	5,814
Equity Securities:
Preferred stock	$	15	$	—	$	—	$	15
Total debt securities available for sale									$		5,962	$		21	$		371	$		5,612
Equity securities:
Mutual funds		16		—		—		16	$		16	$		—	$		1	$		15
Total equity securities	$	31	$	—	$	—	$	31	$		16	$		—	$		1	$		15
Total securities(2)	$	5,744	$	131	$	30	$	5,845	$		5,978	$		21	$		372	$		5,627

(1)

The underlying assets of the asset-backed securities are substantially guaranteed by the U.S. Government.

(2)

Excludes accrued interest receivable of $15 million included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Condition.


	December 31, 2021
(in millions)	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gain		Gross Unrealized Loss		Fair Value
Debt securities available-for-sale
Mortgage-Related Debt Securities:
GSE certificates	$	1,102	$	20	$	15	$	1,107
GSE CMOs		1,717		11		45		1,683
Total mortgage-related debt securities	$	2,819	$	31	$	60	$	2,790
Other Debt Securities:
U. S. Treasury obligations	$	45	$	—	$	—	$	45
GSE debentures		1,524		1		45		1,480
Asset-backed securities (1)		479		3		3		479
Municipal bonds		25		—		—		25
Corporate bonds		821		18		1		838
Foreign Notes		25		1		—		26
'Capital trust notes		96		8		7		97
Total other debt securities	$	3,015	$	31	$	56	$	2,990
Total other securities available for sale	$	5,834	$	62	$	116	$	5,780
Equity securities:
Mutual funds	$	16	$	—	$	—	$	16
Total equity securities	$	16	$	—	$	—	$	16
Total securities (2)	$	5,850	$	62	$	116	$	5,796

(1)

The underlying assets of the asset-backed securities are substantially guaranteed by the U.S. Government.

(2)

Excludes accrued interest receivable of $15 million included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Condition.

At ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively, the Company had $~~684~~679 million and $~~714~~734 million of FHLB-NY stock, at cost. The Company maintains an investment in FHLB-NY stock partly in conjunction with its membership in the FHLB and partly related to its access to the FHLB funding it utilizes.

The following table summarizes the gross proceeds, gross realized gains, and gross realized losses from the sale of available-for-sale securities during the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020:

For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,

(dollars in millions)

2021

2020

Gross proceeds

$
-

$
484

Gross realized gains

-

2

Gross realized losses

-

1

Net losses on equity securities recognized in earnings for ~~both~~ the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022 and 2021 were $1and ~~2020 were~~ $0., respectively.

The following table summarizes, by contractual maturity, the amortized cost of securities at ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


	Mortgage- Related Securities		Average Yield			U.S. Government and GSE Obligations		Average Yield			State, County, and Municipal		Average Yield (1)			Other Debt Securities (2)		Average Yield			Fair Value			Mortgage- Related Securities			U.S. Government and GSE Obligations			State, County, and Municipal			Other Debt Securities (1)			Fair Value
(dollars in millions)
Available-for-Sale Debt Securities:
Due within one year	$	26		2.72	%	$	69		0.17	%	$	—		—	%	$	—		—	%	$	95	$		30	$		144	$		—	$		5	$		179
Due from one to five years		193		3.25			22		3.52			—		—			403		1.62			646			131			22			—			458			620
Due from five to ten years		197		2.52			317		1.58			19		3.52			523		2.26			1,065			267			673			19			519			1,395
Due after ten years		2,566		1.85			1,070		1.54			6		3.33			509		1.18			4,092			2,378			829			6			481			3,418
Total debt securities available for sale	$	2,982		1.99	%	$	1,478		1.51	%	$	25		3.48	%	$	1,435		1.70	%	$	5,898	$		2,806	$		1,668	$		25	$		1,463	$		5,612

(1)

~~Not presented on a tax-equivalent basis.~~

~~(2)~~

Includes corporate bonds, capital trust notes, foreign notes and asset-backed securities.

The following table presents securities with no related allowance having a continuous unrealized loss position for less than twelve months and for twelve months or longer as of ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


	Less than Twelve Months				Twelve Months or Longer				Total					Less than Twelve Months						Twelve Months or Longer						Total
(dollars in millions)	Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss		Fair Value		Unrealized Loss
(in millions)														Fair Value			Unrealized Loss			Fair Value			Unrealized Loss			Fair Value			Unrealized Loss
Temporarily Impaired Securities:
U. S. Treasury obligations													$		144	$		—	$		—	$		—	$		144	$		—
U.S. Government agency and GSE obligations															313			27			1,037			125			1,350			152
GSE certificates	$	497	$	15	$	—	$	—	$	497	$	15			598			31			259			34			857			65
US Treasuries		45		—		—		—		45		—
GSE CMOs		969		35		—		—		969		35			792			41			647			88			1,439			129
GSE debentures		927		26		393		17		1,320		43
Asset-backed securities		138		—		141		2		279		2			188			3			128			3			316			6
Municipal bonds		—		—		8		—		8		—			—			—			7			1			7			1
Corporate bonds		—		—		249		1		249		1			313			9			99			1			412			10
Foreign notes															5			—			—			—			5			—
Capital trust notes		—		—		36		8		36		8			47			1			37			7			84			8
Equity securities		12		—		—		—		12		—			4			—			11			1			15			1
Total temporarily impaired securities	$	2,588	$	76	$	827	$	28	$	3,415	$	104	$		2,404	$		112	$		2,225	$		260	$		4,629	$		372

The following table presents securities having a continuous unrealized loss position for less than twelve months and for twelve months or longer as of December 31, ~~2020:~~2021:

Less than Twelve Months

Twelve Months or Longer

Total

(dollars in millions)

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

Fair
Value

Unrealized
Loss

Temporarily Impaired Securities:

U. S. Treasury obligations

$
—

$
—

$
—

$
—

$
—

$
—

U. S. Government agency and GSE
obligations

59

—

—

—

59

—

GSE certificates

442

3

74

—

516

3

GSE CMOs

522

4

—

—

522

4

Asset-backed securities

—

—

364

6

364

6

Municipal bonds

—

—

9

—

9

—

Corporate bonds

72

3

246

3

318

6

Foreign notes

—

—

—

—

—

—

Capital trust notes

—

—

33

11

33

11

Equity securities

—

—

—

—

—

—

Total temporarily impaired securities

$
1,095

$
10

$
726

$
20

$
1,821

$
30


		Less than Twelve Months						Twelve Months or Longer						Total
(in millions)		Fair Value			Unrealized Loss			Fair Value			Unrealized Loss			Fair Value			Unrealized Loss
Temporarily Impaired Securities:
U. S. Treasury obligations	$		45	$		—	$		—	$		—	$		45	$		—
U.S. Government agency and GSE obligations			317			7			185			8			502			15
GSE certificates			846			28			293			17			1,139			45
GSE CMOs			491			8			926			37			1,417			45
Asset-backed securities			130			1			135			2			265			3
Municipal bonds			—			—			8			—			8			—
Corporate bonds			—			—			99			1			99			1
Foreign notes			5			—			—			—			5			—
Capital trust notes			—			—			37			7			37			7
Equity securities			12			—			—			—			12			—
Total temporarily impaired securities	$		1,846	$		44	$		1,683	$		72	$		3,529	$		116

The investment securities designated as having a continuous loss position for twelve months or more at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 consisted of31 agency MBS, 11 agency CMO's, 5 capital trusts notes, 4 asset-backed securities, 42 corporate bonds, 824 U.S. government agency ~~obligations,~~bonds, 1 municipal bond and 1 ~~municipal bond.~~equity security. The investment securities designated as having a continuous loss position for twelve months or more at December 31, ~~2020~~2021 consisted of 4 agency collateralized mortgage obligations, 5 capital trusts notes, 74 asset-backed securities, 32 corporate bonds,20 US government agency bonds, 21 agency mortgage-backed securities and 1 municipal bond.

The Company evaluates available-for-sale debt securities in unrealized loss positions at least quarterly to determine if an allowance for credit losses is required. Based on an evaluation of available information about past events, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts that are relevant to collectability, the Company has concluded that it expects to receive all contractual cash flows from each security held in its available-for-sale securities portfolio.

We first assess whether (i) we intend to sell, or (ii) it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of these criteria is met, any previously recognized allowances are charged off and the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. If neither of the aforementioned criteria is met, we evaluate whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security is compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any impairment that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income.

None of the unrealized losses identified as of ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 or December 31, ~~2020~~2021 relates to the marketability of the securities or the issuers’ ability to honor redemption obligations. Rather, the unrealized losses relate to changes in interest rates relative to when the investment securities were purchased, and do not indicate credit-related impairment. Management based this conclusion on an analysis of each issuer including a detailed credit assessment of each issuer. The Company does not intend to sell, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the positions before the recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity. As such, no allowance for credit losses was recorded with respect to debt securities as of or during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

Management has made the accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest receivable on available-for-sale securities from the estimate of credit losses. Available-for-sale debt securities are placed on non-accrual status when we no longer expect to receive all contractual amounts due, which is generally at 90 days past due. Accrued interest receivable is reversed against interest income when a security is placed on non-accrual status.

Note 5. Loans and Leases

The following table sets forth the composition of the loan portfolio at the dates indicated:


	September 30, 2021						December 31, 2020						March 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
(dollars in millions)	Amount			Percent of Loans Held for Investment			Amount			Percent of Loans Held for Investment			Amount			Percent of Loans Held for Investment			Amount			Percent of Loans Held for Investment
Loans and Leases Held for Investment:
Mortgage Loans:
Multi-family	$	32,838			75.27	%	$	32,236			75.28	%	$	35,751			76.55	%	$	34,603			75.75	%
Commercial real estate		6,715			15.39			6,836			15.96			6,701			14.35			6,698			14.66
One-to-four family		170			0.39			236			0.55			145			0.31			160			0.35
Acquisition, development, and construction		198			0.45			90			0.21			237			0.51			209			0.46
Total mortgage loans held for investment(1)	$	39,921			91.50		$	39,398			92.00			42,834			91.72			41,670			91.22
Other Loans:
Commercial and industrial		1,936			4.44			1,682			3.93			2,200			4.71			2,236			4.89
Lease financing, net of unearned income of $98 and $116, respectively		1,768			4.05			1,735			4.05
Lease financing, net of unearned income of $90 and $95 respectively														1,663			3.57			1,770			3.88
Total commercial and industrial loans (2)		3,704			8.49			3,417			7.98			3,863			8.27			4,006			8.77
Other		6			0.01			7			0.02			6			0.01			5			0.01
Total other loans held for investment~~(1)~~		3,710			8.50			3,424			8.00			3,869			8.28			4,011			8.78
Total loans and leases held for investment(1)	$	43,631			100.00	%	$	42,822			100.00	%	$	46,703			100.00	%	$	45,681			100.00	%
Net deferred loan origination costs		56						62						55						57
Allowance for credit losses loans and leases		(200	)					(194	)
Total loans and leases held for investment, net	$	43,487					$	42,690
Loans held for sale (3)		-						117
Allowance for loan and lease losses														(197	)					(199	)
Total loans and leases, net	$	43,487					$	42,807					$	46,561					$	45,539

(1)

Excludes accrued interest receivable of $~~207~~200 million and $~~219~~199 million at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively, which is included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Condition.

(2)

Includes specialty finance loans and leases of $~~3.1~~3.3 billion and $~~3.0~~3.5 billion, respectively, at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, and other C&I loans of $~~561~~548 million and $~~393~~527 million, respectively, at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

~~(3)~~

~~Includes deferred loan origination fees of $~~2 ~~million at December 31, 2020.~~

Loans Held for Investment

The majority of the loans the Company originates for investment are multi-family loans, most of which are collateralized by non-luxury apartment buildings in New York City with rent-regulated units and below-market rents. In addition, the Company originates CRE loans, most of which are collateralized by income-producing properties such as office buildings, retail centers, mixed-use buildings, and multi-tenanted light industrial properties that are located in New York City and on Long Island.

To a lesser extent, the Company also originates ADC loans for investment. One-to-four family loans held for investment were originated through the Company’s former mortgage banking operation and primarily consisted of jumbo adjustable rate mortgages made to borrowers with a solid credit history.

ADC loans are primarily originated for multi-family and residential tract projects in New York City and on Long Island. C&I loans consist of asset-based loans, equipment loans and leases, and dealer floor-plan loans (together, specialty finance loans and leases) that generally are made to large corporate obligors, many of which are publicly traded, carry investment grade or near-investment grade ratings, and participate in stable industries nationwide; and other C&I loans that primarily are made to small and mid-size businesses in Metro New York. Other C&I loans are typically made for working capital, business expansion, and the purchase of machinery and equipment.

The repayment of multi-family and CRE loans generally depends on the income produced by the underlying properties which, in turn, depends on their successful operation and management. To mitigate the potential for credit losses, the Company underwrites its loans in accordance with credit standards it considers to be prudent, looking first at the consistency of the cash flows being produced by the underlying property. In addition, multi-family buildings, CRE properties, and ADC projects are inspected as a prerequisite to approval, and independent appraisers, whose appraisals are carefully reviewed by the Company’s in-house appraisers, perform appraisals on the collateral properties. In many cases, a second independent appraisal review is performed.

To further manage its credit risk, the Company’s lending policies limit the amount of credit granted to any one borrower and typically require conservative debt service coverage ratios and loan-to-value ratios. Nonetheless, the ability of the Company’s borrowers to repay these loans may be impacted by adverse conditions in the local real estate market and the local economy. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that its underwriting policies will protect the Company from credit-related losses or delinquencies.

ADC loans typically involve a higher degree of credit risk than loans secured by improved or owner-occupied real estate. Accordingly, borrowers are required to provide a guarantee of repayment and completion, and loan proceeds are disbursed as construction progresses, as certified by in-house inspectors or third-party engineers. The Company seeks to minimize the credit risk on ADC loans by maintaining conservative lending policies and rigorous underwriting standards. However, if the estimate of value proves to be inaccurate, the cost of completion is greater than expected, or the length of time to complete and/or sell or lease the collateral property is greater than anticipated, the property could have a value upon completion that is insufficient to assure full repayment of the loan. This could have a material adverse effect on the quality of the ADC loan portfolio, and could result in losses or delinquencies. In addition, the Company utilizes the same stringent appraisal process for ADC loans as it does for its multi-family and CRE loans.

To minimize the risk involved in specialty finance lending and leasing, the Company participates in syndicated loans that are brought to it, and equipment loans and leases that are assigned to it, by a select group of nationally recognized sources who have long-term relationships with its experienced lending officers. Each of these credits is secured with a perfected first security interest in or outright ownership of the underlying collateral, and structured as senior debt or as a non-cancelable lease. To further minimize the risk involved in specialty finance lending and leasing, each transaction is re-underwritten. In addition, outside counsel is retained to conduct a further review of the underlying documentation.

To minimize the risks involved in other C&I lending, the Company underwrites such loans on the basis of the cash flows produced by the business; requires that such loans be collateralized by various business assets, including inventory, equipment, and accounts receivable, among others; and typically requires personal guarantees. However, the capacity of a borrower to repay such a C&I loan is substantially dependent on the degree to which the business is successful. In addition, the collateral underlying such loans may depreciate over time, may not be conducive to appraisal, or may fluctuate in value, based upon the results of operations of the business.

Included in loans held for investment at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, were loans of $76 million ~~and $~~38 ~~million, respectively,~~ to certain officers, directors, and their related interests and parties. There were no loans to principal shareholders at that date. As of the second quarter of 2021, the Board of Directors adopted a revised policy in which the Bank shall no longer make loans or extensions of credit to executive officers and directors of the Company, and firms that employ directors. Any loans and extensions of credit made to an executive officer or director, or any firms that employ directors, prior to the adoption of these revisions have been grandfathered but remain subject to oversight and review of the Board of Directors.

Asset Quality

A loan generally is classified as a non-accrual loan when it is 90 days or more past due or when it is deemed to be impaired because the Company no longer expects to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, management ceases the accrual of interest owed, and previously accrued interest is charged against interest income. A loan is generally returned to accrual status when the loan is current and management has reasonable assurance that the loan will be fully collectible. Interest income on non-accrual loans is recorded when received in cash. At ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, all of our non-performing loans were non-accrual loans.

The following table presents information regarding the quality of the Company’s loans held for investment at ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


(dollars in millions)	Loans 30-89 Days Past Due		Non- Accrual Loans		Loans 90 Days or More Delinquent and Still Accruing Interest		Total Past Due Loans		Current Loans		Total Loans Receivable
(in millions)													Loans 30-89 Days Past Due		Non- Accrual Loans		Loans 90 Days or More Delinquent and Still Accruing Interest		Total Past Due Loans		Current Loans		Total Loans Receivable
Multi-family	$	426	$	8	$	—	$	434	$	32,404	$	32,838	$	23	$	22	$	—	$	45	$	35,706	$	35,751
Commercial real estate		11		12		—		23		6,692		6,715		4		35		—		39		6,662		6,701
One-to-four family		10		1		—		11		159		170		7		—		—		7		138		145
Acquisition, development, and construction		—		—		—		—		198		198		—		—		—		—		237		237
Commercial and industrial(1) (2)		—		7		—		7		3,697		3,704		—		6		—		6		3,857		3,863
Other		—		—		—		—		6		6		—		—		—		—		6		6
Total loans and leases held for investment	$	447	$	28	$	—	$	475	$	43,156	$	43,631
Total													$	34	$	63	$	—	$	97	$	46,606	$	46,703

(1)

Includes $75 million of taxi medallion-related loans that were 90 days or more past due. There were 0 taxi medallion-related loans that were 30 to 89 days past due.

(2)

Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were current.

The following table presents information regarding the quality of the Company’s loans held for investment at December 31, ~~2020:~~2021:


(dollars in millions)	Loans 30-89 Days Past Due		Non- Accrual Loans		Loans 90 Days or More Delinquent and Still Accruing Interest		Total Past Due Loans		Current Loans		Total Loans Receivable
(in millions)													Loans 30-89 Days Past Due		Non- Accrual Loans		Loans 90 Days or More Delinquent and Still Accruing Interest		Total Past Due Loans		Current Loans		Total Loans Receivable
Multi-family	$	4	$	4	$	—	$	8	$	32,228	$	32,236	$	57	$	10	$	—	$	67	$	34,536	$	34,603
Commercial real estate		10		12		—		22		6,814		6,836		2		16		—		18		6,680		6,698
One-to-four family		2		2		—		4		232		236		8		1		—		9		151		160
Acquisition, development, and construction		—		—		—		—		90		90		—		—		—		—		209		209
Commercial and industrial(1) (2)		—		20		—		20		3,397		3,417		—		6		—		6		4,000		4,006
Other		—		—		—		—		7		7		—		—		—		—		5		5
Total	$	16	$	38	$	—	$	54	$	42,768	$	42,822	$	67	$	33	$	—	$	100	$	45,581	$	45,681

(1)

Includes $196 million of taxi medallion-related loans that were 90 days or more past due. There were 0 taxi medallion-related loans that were 30 to 89 days past due.

(2)

Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were current.

The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of loans held for investment by credit quality indicator at ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022.


	Mortgage Loans										Other Loans						Mortgage Loans										Other Loans
(dollars in millions)	Multi- Family		Commercial Real Estate		One-to- Four Family		Acquisition, Development, and Construction		Total Mortgage Loans		Commercial and Industrial(1)		Other		Total Other Loans
(in millions)																	Multi- Family		Commercial Real Estate		One-to- Four Family		Acquisition, Development, and Construction		Total Mortgage Loans		Commercial and Industrial(1)		Other		Total Other Loans
Credit Quality Indicator:
Pass	$	31,128	$	5,905	$	147	$	193	$	37,373	$	3,647	$	6	$	3,653	$	34,087	$	5,951	$	122	$	233	$	40,393	$	3,858	$	6	$	3,864
Special mention		1,146		619		14		5		1,784		3		—		3		998		577		23		4		1,602		—		—		—
Substandard		564		191		9		—		764		54		—		54		666		173		—		—		839		5		—		5
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	32,838	$	6,715	$	170	$	198	$	39,921	$	3,704	$	6	$	3,710	$	35,751	$	6,701	$	145	$	237	$	42,834	$	3,863	$	6	$	3,869

(1)

Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were classified as Pass.

The following table summarizes the Company’s portfolio of loans held for investment by credit quality indicator at December 31, ~~2020:~~2021:


	Mortgage Loans										Other Loans						Mortgage Loans										Other Loans
(dollars in millions)	Multi- Family		Commercial Real Estate		One-to- Four Family		Acquisition, Development, and Construction		Total Mortgage Loans		Commercial and Industrial(1)		Other		Total Other Loans
(in millions)																	Multi- Family		Commercial Real Estate		One-to- Four Family		Acquisition, Development, and Construction		Total Mortgage Loans		Commercial and Industrial(1)		Other		Total Other Loans
Credit Quality Indicator:
Pass	$	31,220	$	5,884	$	222	$	68	$	37,394	$	3,388	$	7	$	3,395	$	33,011	$	5,874	$	137	$	204	$	39,226	$	3,959	$	5	$	3,964
Special mention		567		637		12		22		1,238		3		—		3		981		643		14		5		1,643		2		—		2
Substandard		449		315		2		—		766		26		—		26		611		181		9		—		801		45		—		45
Doubtful		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	32,236	$	6,836	$	236	$	90	$	39,398	$	3,417	$	7	$	3,424	$	34,603	$	6,698	$	160	$	209	$	41,670	$	4,006	$	5	$	4,011

(1)

Includes lease financing receivables, all of which were classified as Pass.

The preceding classifications are the most current ones available and generally have been updated within the last twelve months. In addition, they follow regulatory guidelines and can generally be described as follows: pass loans are of satisfactory quality; special mention loans have potential weaknesses that deserve management’s close attention; substandard loans are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or of the collateral pledged (these loans have a well-defined weakness and there is a possibility that the Company will sustain some loss); and doubtful loans, based on existing circumstances, have weaknesses that make collection or liquidation in full highly questionable and improbable.

The following table presents, by credit quality indicator, loan class, and year of origination, the amortized cost basis of the Company’s loans and leases as of ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

(dollars in millions)

Vintage Year

Risk Rating Group

2021

2020

2019

2018

2017

Prior To
2017

Revolving
Loans

Total

Pass

$
6,196

$
9,374

$
5,912

$
4,948

$
3,446

$
7,508

$
17

$
37,401

Special Mention

—

90

280

363

143

908

—

1,784

Substandard

—

17

108

152

111

375

1

764

Total mortgage loans

$
6,196

$
9,481

$
6,300

$
5,463

$
3,700

$
8,791

$
18

$
39,949

Pass

651

741

592

98

172

199

1,228

3,681

Special Mention

—

—

—

—

—

—

3

3

Substandard

—

2

2

1

8

15

26

54

Total other loans

651

743

594

99

180

214

1,257

3,738

Total

$
6,847

$
10,224

$
6,894

$
5,562

$
3,880

$
9,005

$
1,275

$
43,687


	Vintage Year
(in millions) Risk Rating Group	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior To 2018		Revolving Loans		Total
Pass	$	2,688	$	9,299	$	9,159	$	5,417	$	4,348	$	9,491	$	18	$	40,420
Special Mention		—		—		70		230		343		959		1		1,603
Substandard		—		—		39		147		176		477		—		839
Total mortgage loans	$	2,688	$	9,299	$	9,268	$	5,794	$	4,867	$	10,927	$	19	$	42,862
Pass		115		836		608		496		81		309		1,446		3,891
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Substandard		—		—		2		1		1		1		—		5
Total other loans		115		836		610		497		82		310		1,446		3,896
Total	$	2,803	$	10,135	$	9,878	$	6,291	$	4,949	$	11,237	$	1,465	$	46,758

When management determines that foreclosure is probable, expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral adjusted for selling costs. When the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty at the reporting date and repayment is expected to be provided substantially through the operation or sale of the collateral, the collateral-dependent practical expedient has been elected and expected credit losses are based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, adjusted for selling costs as appropriate. For CRE loans, collateral properties include office buildings, warehouse/distribution buildings, shopping centers, apartment buildings, residential and commercial tract development. The primary source of repayment on these loans is expected to come from the sale, permanent financing or lease of the real property collateral. CRE loans are impacted by fluctuations in collateral values, as well as the ability of the borrower to obtain permanent financing.

The following table summarizes the extent to which collateral secures the Company’s collateral-dependent loans held for investment by collateral type as of ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022.


	Collateral Type				Collateral Type
(dollars in millions)	Real Property		Other
(in millions)					Real Property		Other
Multi-family	$	7	$	—	$	19	$	—
Commercial real estate		27		—		49		—
One-to-four family		—		—		—		—
Acquisition, development, and construction		—		—		—		—
Commercial and industrial		—		14		—		5
Other		—		—		—		—
Total collateral-dependent loans held for investment	$	34	$	14		68		5

Other collateral type consists of taxi medallions, cash, accounts receivable and inventory.

There were no significant changes in the extent to which collateral secures the Company’s collateral-dependent financial assets during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

The Company is required to account for certain loan modifications and restructurings as TDRs. In general, a modification or restructuring of a loan constitutes a TDR if the Company grants a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. A loan modified as a TDR generally is placed on non-accrual status until the Company determines that future collection of principal and interest is reasonably assured, which requires, among other things, that the borrower demonstrate performance according to the restructured terms for a period of at least six consecutive months. In determining the Company’s allowance for loan and lease losses, reasonably expected TDRs are individually evaluated and consist of criticized, classified, or maturing loans that will have a modification processed within the next three months.

In an effort to proactively manage delinquent loans, the Company has selectively extended to certain borrowers concessions such as rate reductions, extension of maturity dates, and forbearance agreements. As of ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, loans on which concessions were made with respect to rate reductions and/or extension of maturity dates amounted to $3347 million.

The CARES Act was enacted on March 27, 2020. Under the CARES Act, the Company made the election to deem that loan modifications do not result in TDRs if they are (1) related to the novel coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”); (2) executed on a loan that was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019; and (3) executed between March 1, 2020, and the earlier of (A) 60 days after the date of termination of the National Emergency or (B) December 31, 2020. This includes short-term (e.g., up to six months) modifications such as payment deferrals, fee waivers, extensions of repayment terms, or delays in payment that are insignificant. Borrowers considered current are those that are less than 30 days past due on their contractual payments at the time a modification program is implemented. In December 2020, Congress amended the CARES Act through the Consolidated Appropriation Act of 2021, which provided additional COVID-19 relief to American families and businesses, including extending TDR relief under the CARES Act until the earlier of December 31, 2021 or 60 days following the termination of the national emergency.

~~The following table presents information regarding the Company’s TDRs as of September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:~~

September 30, 2021

December 31, 2020

(dollars in millions)

Accruing

Non-
Accrual

Total

Accruing

Non-
Accrual

Total

Loan Category:

Multi-family

$
—

$
7

$
7

$
—

$
—

$
—

Commercial real estate

16

3

19

15

—

15

One-to-four family

—

—

—

—

—

—

Commercial and industrial(1)

—

7

7

—

19

19

Total

$
16

$
17

$
33

$
15

$
19

$
34

~~(1) Includes $~~7 ~~million and $~~18 ~~million of taxi medallion-related loans at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.~~

The eligibility of a borrower for work-out concessions of any nature depends upon the facts and circumstances of each loan, which may change from period to period, and involves judgment by Company personnel regarding the likelihood that the concession will result in the maximum recovery for the Company.

The following table presents information regarding the Company's TDRs as of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021:


		March 31, 2022									December 31, 2021
(in millions)		Accruing			Non- Accrual			Total			Accruing			Non- Accrual			Total
Loan Category:
Multi-family	$		—	$		7	$		7	$		—	$		7	$		7
Commercial real estate			16			19			35			16			—			16
One-to-four family			—			—			—			—			—			—
Acquisition, development, and construction			—			—			—			—			—			—
Commercial and industrial (1)			—			5			5			—			6			6
Total	$		16	$		31	$		47	$		16	$		13	$		29

(1) Includes $5 million and $6 million of taxi medallion-related loans at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

The financial effects of the Company’s TDRs for the three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022 and 2021 ~~and 2020~~ are summarized as follows:


	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2021																For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
							Weighted Average Interest Rate																Weighted Average Interest Rate
(dollars in millions)	Number of Loans		Pre- Modification Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Recorded Investment		Pre- Modification			Post- Modification			Charge- off Amount		Capitalized Interest		Number of Loans		Pre- Modification Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Recorded Investment		Pre- Modification			Post- Modification		Charge- off Amount		Capitalized Interest
Loan Category:
Commercial real estate		2	$	4	$	4		6.00	%		3.55	%	$	—	$	—		1	$	22	$	19		6.00	%	4.00	%	$	3	$	—

For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020

Weighted Average
Interest Rate

(dollars in millions)

Number
of Loans

Pre-
Modification
Recorded
Investment

Post-
Modification
Recorded
Investment

Pre-
Modification

Post-
Modification

Charge-
off
Amount

Capitalized
Interest

Loan Category:

Commercial and industrial

23

$
5

$
5

1.66
%

1.66
%

$
—

$
—

~~The financial effects of the Company’s TDRs for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 are summarized as follows:~~

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021

Weighted Average
Interest Rate

(dollars in millions)

Number
of Loans

Pre-
Modification
Recorded
Investment

Post-
Modification
Recorded
Investment

Pre-
Modification

Post-
Modification

Charge-
off
Amount

Capitalized
Interest

Loan Category:

Commercial real estate

2

$
4

$
4

6.00
%

3.55
%

$
—

$
—

Multi-family

1

8

8

3.13

3.25

—

—

Total

3

$
12

$
12

4.18

3.36

$
—

$
—

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020

Weighted Average
Interest Rate

(dollars in millions)

Number
of Loans

Pre-
Modification
Recorded
Investment

Post-
Modification
Recorded
Investment

Pre-
Modification

Post-
Modification

Charge-
off
Amount

Capitalized
Interest

Loan Category:

Commercial real estate

1

$
15

$
15

8.00
%

3.50
%

$
—

$
—

Commercial and industrial

42

9

8

2.36

2.20

1

—

Total

43

$
24

$
23

5.91

3.08

$
1

$
—


	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
							Weighted Average Interest Rate
(dollars in millions)	Number of Loans		Pre- Modification Recorded Investment		Post- Modification Recorded Investment		Pre- Modification		Post- Modification		Charge- off Amount		Capitalized Interest
Loan Category:
Multi-family		1	$	8	$	8	3.13	%	3.25	%	$	—	$	—

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, 0 loans have been modified as TDRs that were in payment default during the twelve months ended at that date. At ~~September 30, 2020,~~March 31, 2021, 4317 C&I loans in the aggregate amount of $62 million that had been modified as TDRs during the twelve months ended at that date and were in payment default.

The Company does not consider a payment to be in default when the loan is in forbearance, or otherwise granted a delay of payment, when the agreement to forebear or allow a delay of payment is part of a modification.

Subsequent to the modification, the loan is not considered to be in default until payment is contractually past due in accordance with the modified terms. However, the Company may consider a loan with multiple modifications or forbearance periods to be in default, and would consider a loan to be in default if the borrower were in bankruptcy or if the loan were partially charged off subsequent to modification. Management takes into consideration all TDR modifications in determining the appropriate level of the allowance.

Note 6. Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans and Leases

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loans and Leases

The following table summarizes activity in the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases for the periods indicated:

For the Nine Months Ended September 30,

2021

2020

(dollars in millions)

Mortgage

Other

Total

Mortgage

Other

Total

Balance, beginning of period

$
176

$
18

$
194

$
123

$
25

$
148

Impact of CECL adoption

—

—

—

—

2

2

Adjusted balance, beginning of period

176

18

194

123

27

150

Charge-offs

(2
)

(4
)

(6
)

—

(15
)

(15
)
Recoveries

2

11

13

1

1

2

Provision for (recovery of) credit losses

1

(2
)

(1
)

47

4

51

Balance, end of period

$
177

$
23

$
200

$
171

$
17

$
188


	For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022									2021
(in millions)	Mortgage			Other			Total			Mortgage			Other			Total
Balance, beginning of period	$	178		$	21		$	199		$	176		$	18		$	194
Charge-offs		(3	)		—			(3	)		(1	)		(3	)		(4	)
Recoveries		—			2			2			—			5			5
Provision for (recovery of) credit losses on loans and leases		1			(2	)		(1	)		1			2			3
Balance, end of period	$	176		$	21		$	197		$	176		$	22		$	198

~~At September 30, 2021, the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases totaled $200~~ ~~million, up $~~6 ~~million compared to December 31, 2020, driven by net recoveries of $~~7 ~~million.~~

Separately, at ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the Company had an allowance for unfunded commitments of $11 million, as compared to $12 ~~million.~~million at December 31, 2021.

For the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the allowance for credit losses on loan and leases ~~increased~~decreased primarily as a result of ~~growth across segments of the loan portfolio,~~improvements in macroeconomic and ~~by macroeconomic~~environmental factors surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically ~~the resultant estimated decreases in property values~~those affecting commercial real estate in the New York City area. The macroeconomic forecast includes Gross Domestic Product (“GDP”) which is expected to rise at an annualized rate of ~~5.0%~~3.7% and 3.0% respectively for ~~2021 as the economy begins to recover from the systemic disruptions of the COVID-19 pandemic.~~2022 and 2023. Unemployment continues to subside from the historic shock of 2020, ~~but is not~~as peak unemployment rates are forecasted to ~~return to pre-pandemic levels around 3.5% until~~be approximately 3.6% in 2022 and 3.4% in 2023. The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield is expected to steadily increase over the ~~next few years. Baa Corp-10 Year treasury spread widens slightly beginning in 2022 and levels off at 2.6% through 2023.~~ course of 2022-23. In addition to these quantitative inputs, several qualitative factors were considered in ~~increasing~~decreasing our allowance for loan and lease credit losses, including changes in borrower payment behavior and other attributes related to the ~~risk that the economic decline proves to be more severe and/or prolonged than our baseline forecast.~~commercial real estate portfolio. ~~The impact of the unprecedented fiscal stimulus and changes to federal and local laws and regulations, including changes to various government sponsored loan programs, was also considered.~~

The Company charges off loans, or portions of loans, in the period that such loans, or portions thereof, are deemed uncollectible. The collectability of individual loans is determined through an assessment of the financial condition and repayment capacity of the borrower and/or through an estimate of the fair value of any underlying collateral. For non-real estate-related consumer credits, the following past-due time periods determine when charge-offs are typically recorded: (1) closed-end credits are charged off in the quarter that the loan becomes 120 days past due; (2) open-end credits are charged off in the quarter that the loan becomes 180 days past due; and (3) both closed-end and open-end credits are typically charged off in the quarter that the credit is 60 days past the date the Company received notification that the borrower has filed for bankruptcy.

2322

The following table presents additional information about the Company’s nonaccrual loans at ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


(dollars in millions)	Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Interest Income Recognized
(in millions)							Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Interest Income Recognized
Nonaccrual loans with no related allowance:
Multi-family	$	7	$	—	$	—	$	19	$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate		11		—		—		33		—		—
One-to-four family		-		—		—		—		—		—
Acquisition, development, and construction		-		—		—		—		—		—
Other		7		—		—		6		—		—
Total nonaccrual loans with no related allowance	$	25	$	—	$	—	$	58	$	—	$	—
Nonaccrual loans with an allowance recorded:
Multi-family	$	1		—	$	—	$	3	$	1	$	—
Commercial real estate		2		—		—		2		—		—
One-to-four family		-		—		—		—		—		—
Acquisition, development, and construction		-		—		—		—		—		—
Other		-		—		—		—		—		—
Total nonaccrual loans with an allowance recorded	$	3	$	—	$	—	$	5	$	1	$	—
Total nonaccrual loans:
Multi-family	$	8	$	—	$	—	$	22	$	1	$	—
Commercial real estate		13		—		—		35		—		—
One-to-four family		-		—		—		—		—		—
Acquisition, development, and construction		-		—		—		—		—		—
Other		7		—		—		6		—		—
Total nonaccrual loans	$	28	$	—	$	—	$	63	$	1	$	—

The following table presents additional information about the Company’s nonaccrual loans at December 31, ~~2020:~~2021:


(dollars in millions)	Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Interest Income Recognized
(in millions)							Recorded Investment		Related Allowance		Interest Income Recognized
Nonaccrual loans with no related allowance:
Multi-family	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	9	$	—	$	1
Commercial real estate		2		—		—		14		—		—
One-to-four family		1		—		—		—		—		—
Acquisition, development, and construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other		20		—		1		6		—		—
Total nonaccrual loans with no related allowance	$	23	$	—	$	1	$	29	$	—	$	1
Nonaccrual loans with an allowance recorded:
Multi-family	$	4	$	1	$	—	$	1	$	—	$	—
Commercial real estate		10		��		—		2		—		—
One-to-four family		1		—		—		1		—		—
Acquisition, development, and construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total nonaccrual loans with an allowance recorded	$	15	$	1	$	—	$	4	$	—	$	—
Total nonaccrual loans:
Multi-family	$	4	$	1	$	—	$	10	$	—	$	1
Commercial real estate		12		—		—		16		—		—
One-to-four family		2		—		—		1		—		—
Acquisition, development, and construction		—		—		—		—		—		—
Other		20		—		1		6		—		—
Total nonaccrual loans	$	38	$	1	$	1	$	33	$	—	$	1

2423

Note 7. Borrowed Funds

The following table summarizes the Company’s borrowed funds at the dates indicated:


(dollars in millions)	September 30, 2021		December 31, 2020
Wholesale Borrowings:
					March 31,		December 31,
(in millions)					2022		2021
Wholesale borrowings:
FHLB advances	$	13,978	$	14,628	$	13,880	$	15,105
Repurchase agreements		800		800		800		800
Total wholesale borrowings	$	14,778	$	15,428	$	14,680	$	15,905
Junior subordinated debentures		360		360		361		361
Subordinated notes		296		296		296		296
Total borrowed funds	$	15,434	$	16,084	$	15,337	$	16,562

The following table summarizes the Company’s repurchase agreements accounted for as secured borrowings at ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


	Remaining Contractual Maturity of the Agreements
(dollars in millions)	Overnight and Continuous		Up to 30 Days		30–90 Days		Greater than 90 Days
GSE obligations	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	800

Subordinated Notes

At ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company had $296 million of fixed-to-floating rate subordinated notes outstanding:


Date of Original Issue	Stated Maturity	Interest Rate(1)			Original Issue Amount		Stated Maturity	Interest Rate(1)			Original Issue Amount
(dollars in millions)

Nov. 6, 2018	Nov. 6, 2028		5.90	%	$	300	Nov. 6, 2028		5.90	%	$	300

(1)

From and including the date of original issuance to, but excluding November 6, 2023, the Notes will bear interest at an initial rate of 5.90% per annum payable semi-annually. Unless redeemed, from and including November 6, 2023 to but excluding the maturity date, the interest rate will reset quarterly to an annual interest rate equal to the then-current three-month LIBOR rate plus 278 basis points payable quarterly.

Junior Subordinated Debentures

At ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Company had $~~360~~361 million of outstanding junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures (“junior subordinated debentures”) held by statutory business trusts (the “Trusts”) that issued guaranteed capital securities.

The Trusts are accounted for as unconsolidated subsidiaries, in accordance with GAAP. The proceeds of each issuance were invested in a series of junior subordinated debentures of the Company and the underlying assets of each statutory business trust are the relevant debentures. The Company has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the obligations under each trust’s capital securities to the extent set forth in a guarantee by the Company to each trust. The Trusts’ capital securities are each subject to mandatory redemption, in whole or in part, upon repayment of the debentures at their stated maturity or earlier redemption.

2524

The following junior subordinated debentures were outstanding at ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:

Issuer
Interest
Rate
of Capital
Securities
and
Debentures

Junior
Subordinated
Debentures
Amount
Outstanding

Capital
Securities
Amount
Outstanding

Date of
Original
Issue

Stated
Maturity

First
Optional
Redemption
Date
(dollars in millions)
New York Community Capital Trust V
(BONUSESSM Units)

6.00
%

$
146

$
140

Nov. 4, 2002

Nov. 1, 2051

Nov. 4, 2007(1)
New York Community Capital Trust X

1.72

124

120

Dec. 14, 2006

Dec. 15, 2036

Dec. 15, 2011 (2)
PennFed Capital Trust III

3.37

31

30

June 2, 2003

June 15, 2033

June 15, 2008 (2)
New York Community Capital Trust XI

1.78

59

57

April 16, 2007

June 30, 2037

June 30, 2012 (2)
Total junior subordinated debentures

$
360

$
347


Issuer	Interest Rate of Capital Securities and Debentures				Junior Subordinated Debentures Amount Outstanding			Capital Securities Amount Outstanding		Date of Original Issue	Stated Maturity	First Optional Redemption Date
					(dollars in millions)
New York Community Capital Trust V (BONUSESSM Units)		6.00	%	$		147	$		140	Nov. 4, 2002	Nov. 1, 2051	Nov. 4, 2007	(1)
New York Community Capital Trust X	2.43					124			120	Dec. 14, 2006	Dec. 15, 2036	Dec. 15, 2011	(2)
PennFed Capital Trust III	4.08					31			30	June 2, 2003	June 15, 2033	June 15, 2008	(2)
New York Community Capital Trust XI	2.65					59			58	April 16, 2007	June 30, 2037	June 30, 2012	(2)
Total junior subordinated debentures				$		361	$		348

(1)

Callable subject to certain conditions as described in the prospectus filed with the SEC on November 4, 2002.

(2)

Callable from this date forward.

Note 8. Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits

The following table sets forth certain disclosures for the Company’s pension and post-retirement plans for the periods indicated:


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,										For the Three Months Ended March 31,
	2021					2020					2022					2021
(dollars in millions)	Pension Benefits			Post- Retirement Benefits		Pension Benefits			Post- Retirement Benefits
Components of net periodic (credit) expense: (1)
														Post					Post
											Pension			Retirement		Pension			Retirement
(in millions)											Benefits			Benefits		Benefits			Benefits
Components of net periodic pension expense (credit):
Interest cost	$	1		$	—	$	1		$	—	$	1		$	—	$	1		$	—
Expected return on plan assets		(4	)		—		(4	)		—		(4	)		—		(4	)		—
Amortization of prior-service liability		—			—		—			—
Amortization of net actuarial loss		2			—		2			—		—			—		2			—
Net periodic (credit) expense	$	(1	)	$	—	$	(1	)	$	—	$	(3	)	$	—	$	(1	)	$	—

For the Nine Months Ended September 30,

2021

2020

(dollars in millions)

Pension
Benefits

Post-
Retirement
Benefits

Pension
Benefits

Post-
Retirement
Benefits

Components of net periodic (credit) expense: (1)

Interest cost

$
3

$
—

$
4

$
—

Expected return on plan assets

(12
)

—

(12
)

—

Amortization of prior-service liability

—

—

—

—

Amortization of net actuarial loss

5

—

5

—

Net periodic (credit) expense

$
(4
)

$
—

$
(3
)

$
—

(1)

Amounts are included in G&A expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

(2)

Post-retirement benefits balances round to zero.

The Company expects to contribute $1 million to its post-retirement plan to pay premiums and claims for the fiscal year ending December 31, ~~2021.~~2022. The Company does 0t expect to make any contributions to its pension plan in ~~2021.~~2022.

Note 9. Stock-Based Compensation

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the Company had a total of ~~8,510,923~~5,872,599 shares available for grants as restricted stock, options, or other forms of related rights. The Company granted ~~3,131,949~~2,859,342 shares of restricted stock, with an average fair value of $~~11.20~~11.78 per share on the date of grant, during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022. During the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2020,~~March 31, 2021, the Company granted ~~2,411,345~~3,029,949 shares of restricted stock, with an average fair value of $~~11.62~~11.15 per share.

The shares of restricted stock that were granted during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022 and 2021, ~~and 2020,~~ vest over a one or five year period. Compensation and benefits expense related to the restricted stock grants is recognized on a straight-line basis over

the vesting period and totaled $22 ~~million and $~~23 ~~million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020, respectively, including~~ $7 million and $8 million for the three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022 and 2021, ~~and 2020,~~ respectively.

The following table provides a summary of activity with regard to restricted stock awards in the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:

Number of
Shares

Weighted Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

Unvested at beginning of year

6,228,048

$
12.43

Granted

3,131,949

11.20

Vested

(2,093,422
)

13.17

Canceled

(264,520
)

11.76

Unvested at end of period

7,002,055

11.68


	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested at beginning of year		6,950,335		$	11.68
Granted		2,859,342			11.78
Vested		(2,150,196	)		12.29
Canceled		(44,519	)		11.53
Unvested at end of year		7,614,962			11.55

As of ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, unrecognized compensation cost relating to unvested restricted stock totaled $6382 million. This amount will be recognized over a remaining weighted average period of ~~3.1~~3.6 years.

The following table provides a summary of activity with regard to Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units ("PSUs") in the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


	Number of Shares		Performance Period	Expected Vesting ~~Date~~Dates
Outstanding at beginning of year		~~477,872~~834,612
Granted		~~356,740~~	~~January 1, 2021 - December 31, 2023~~	~~March 31, 2024~~
~~Outstanding at end of period~~		~~834,612~~—

Released

(176,090

)

Canceled

(58,696

)

Outstanding at end of period

599,826

January 1, 2021 - December 31, 2023

March 31, 2023 and 2024

PSUs are subject to adjustment or forfeiture, based upon the achievement by the Company of certain performance standards. Compensation and benefits expense related to PSUs is recognized using the fair value as of the date the units were approved, on a straight-line basis over the vesting period and totaled $10 ~~million~~ and $21 million for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and ~~September 30, 2020.~~March 31, 2021. As of ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, unrecognized compensation cost relating to unvested restricted stock totaled $53 million. This amount will be recognized over a remaining weighted average period of ~~1.7~~1.6 years. As of ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the Company believes it is probable that the performance conditions will be met.

The Company matches a portion of employee 401(k) plan contributions. Such expense totaled $2 million ~~and $~~5 ~~million~~ for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and $2 ~~million and $~~4 ~~million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.~~March 31, 2021.

Note 10. Fair Value Measurements

GAAP sets forth a definition of fair value, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value, and requires disclosure for each major asset and liability category measured at fair value on either a recurring or non-recurring basis. GAAP also clarifies that fair value is an “exit” price, representing the amount that would be received when selling an asset, or paid when transferring a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants. Fair value is thus a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, GAAP establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value as follows:

•

Level 1 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

•

Level 2 – Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

•

Level 3 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants use in pricing an asset or liability.

A financial instrument’s categorization within this valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

2726

The following tables present assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, and that were included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition at those dates:

Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2021

(dollars in millions)

Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets for
Identical
Assets
(Level 1)

Significant
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)

Netting
Adjustments

Total Fair
Value

Assets:

Mortgage-Related Debt Securities Available for Sale:

GSE certificates

$
—

$
1,130

$
—

$
—

$
1,130

GSE CMOs

—

1,849

—

—

1,849

Total mortgage-related debt securities

$
—

$
2,979

$
—

$
—

$
2,979

Other Debt Securities Available for Sale:

U. S. Treasury obligations

$
65

$
—

$
—

$
—

$
65

GSE debentures

—

1,372

—

—

1,372

Asset-backed securities

—

495

—

—

495

Municipal bonds

—

25

—

—

25

Corporate bonds

—

841

—

—

841

Foreign notes

—

26

—

—

26

Capital trust notes

—

95

—

—

95

Total other debt securities

$
65

$
2,854

$
—

$
—

$
2,919

Total debt securities available for sale

$
65

$
5,833

$
—

$
—

$
5,898

Equity securities:

Mutual funds

—

16

—

—

16

Total equity securities

$
—

$
16

$
—

$
—

$
16

Total securities

$
65

$
5,849

$
—

$
—

$
5,914


	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2020										Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2022
(dollars in millions)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Netting Adjustments		Total Fair Value
(in millions)											Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Fair Value
Assets:
Mortgage-Related Debt Securities Available for Sale:
Mortgage-related Debt Securities Available for Sale:
GSE certificates	$	—	$	1,209	$	—	$	—	$	1,209	$	—	$	1,063	$	—	$	1,063
GSE CMOs		—		1,829		—		—		1,829		—		1,553		—		1,553
Total mortgage-related debt securities	$	—	$	3,038	$	—	$	—	$	3,038	$	—	$	2,616	$	—	$	2,616
Other Debt Securities Available for Sale:
U.S. Treasury obligations	$	65	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	65
U. S. Treasury obligations											$	144		-	$	—	$	144
GSE debentures		—		1,158		—		—		1,158		—		1,373		—		1,373
Asset-backed securities		—		526		—		—		526		—		456		—		456
Municipal bonds		—		27		—		—		27		—		24		—		24
Corporate bonds		—		883		—		—		883		—		878		—		878
Foreign notes		—		26						26		—		26		—		26
Capital trust notes		—		91		—		—		91		—		95		—		95
Total other debt securities	$	65	$	2,711	$	—	$	—	$	2,776	$	144	$	2,852	$	—	$	2,996
Total debt securities available for sale	$	65	$	5,749	$	—	$	—	$	5,814	$	144	$	5,468	$	—	$	5,612
Equity securities:
Preferred stock	$	15	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	15	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Mutual funds		—		16		—		—		16
Mutual funds and common stock												—		15		—		15
Total equity securities	$	15	$	16	$	—	$	—	$	31	$	—	$	15	$	—	$	15
Total securities	$	80	$	5,765	$	—	$	—	$	5,845	$	144	$	5,483	$	—	$	5,627

2827


	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2021
(in millions)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Fair Value
Assets:
Mortgage-Related Debt Securities Available for Sale:
GSE certificates	$	—	$	1,107	$	—	$	1,107
GSE CMOs		—		1,683		—		1,683
Total mortgage-related debt securities	$	—	$	2,790	$	—	$	2,790
Other Debt Securities Available for Sale:
U.S. Treasury obligations	$	45	$	—	$	—	$	45
GSE debentures		—		1,480		—		1,480
Asset-backed securities		—		479		—		479
Municipal bonds		—		25		—		25
Corporate bonds		—		838		—		838
Foreign notes		—		26		—		26
Capital trust notes		—		97		—		97
Total other debt securities	$	45	$	2,945	$	—	$	2,990
Total debt securities available for sale	$	45	$	5,735	$	—	$	5,780
Equity securities:						—
Preferred stock	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Mutual funds and common stock		—		16		—		16
Total equity securities	$	—	$	16	$	—	$	16
Total securities	$	45	$	5,751	$	—	$	5,796

The Company reviews and updates the fair value hierarchy classifications for its assets on a quarterly basis. Changes from one quarter to the next that are related to the observability of inputs for a fair value measurement may result in a reclassification from one hierarchy level to another.

A description of the methods and significant assumptions utilized in estimating the fair values of securities follows:

Where quoted prices are available in an active market, securities are classified within Level 1 of the valuation hierarchy. Level 1 securities include highly liquid government securities and exchange-traded securities.

If quoted market prices are not available for a specific security, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models. These pricing models primarily use market-based or independently sourced market parameters as inputs, including, but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates, equity or debt prices, and credit spreads. In addition to observable market information, models incorporate transaction details such as maturity and cash flow assumptions. Securities valued in this manner would generally be classified within Level 2 of the valuation hierarchy, and primarily include such instruments as mortgage-related and corporate debt securities.

Periodically, the Company uses fair values supplied by independent pricing services to corroborate the fair values derived from the pricing models. In addition, the Company reviews the fair values supplied by independent pricing services, as well as their underlying pricing methodologies, for reasonableness. The Company challenges pricing service valuations that appear to be unusual or unexpected.

While the Company believes its valuation methods are appropriate, and consistent with those of other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair values of certain financial instruments could result in different estimates of fair values at a reporting date.

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

Certain assets are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. Such instruments are subject to fair value adjustments under certain circumstances (e.g., when there is evidence of impairment). The following tables present assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, and that were included in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition at those dates:


	Fair Value Measurements at September 30, 2021 Using								Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2022 Using
(dollars in millions)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Fair Value
Certain nonaccrual loans (1)	$	—	$	—	$	30	$	30
(in millions)									Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Fair Value
Certain loans (1)									$	—	$	—	$	25	$	25
Other assets(2)		—		—		32		32		—		—		31		31
Total	$	—	$	—	$	62	$	62	$	—	$	—	$	56	$	56

(1)

Represents the fair value ~~of impaired loans, based on the value of the collateral.~~

~~(2)~~

Represents the fair value of repossessed assets, based on the appraised value of the collateral subsequent to its initial classification as repossessed assets and equity investments without readily determinable fair values. These equity investments are classified as Level 3 due to the infrequency of the observable prices and/or the restrictions on the shares.

Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2020 Using

(dollars in millions)

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets
(Level 1)

Significant Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
Unobservable Inputs
(Level 3)

Total Fair
Value

Certain nonaccrual loans (1)

$
—

$
—

$
41

$
41

Other assets (2)

—

—

6

6

Total

$
—

$
—

$
47

$
47

~~(1)~~

~~Represents the fair value of impaired loans,~~ based on the value of the collateral.

(2)


	Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2021 Using
(in millions)	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)		Total Fair Value
Certain loans (1)	$	—	$	—	$	32	$	32
Other assets (2)		—		—		32		32
Total	$	—	$	—	$	64	$	64

(1)

Represents the fair value based on the value of the collateral.

(2)

The fair values of collateral-dependent impaired loans are determined using various valuation techniques, including consideration of appraised values and other pertinent real estate and other market data.

Other Fair Value Disclosures

For the disclosure of fair value information about the Company’s on- and off-balance sheet financial instruments, when available, quoted market prices are used as the measure of fair value. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on present-value estimates or other valuation techniques. Such fair values are significantly affected by the assumptions used, the timing of future cash flows, and the discount rate.

Because assumptions are inherently subjective in nature, estimated fair values cannot be substantiated by comparison to independent market quotes. Furthermore, in many cases, the estimated fair values provided would not necessarily be realized in an immediate sale or settlement of such instruments.

The following tables summarize the carrying values, estimated fair values, and fair value measurement levels of financial instruments that were not carried at fair value on the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Condition at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020:~~2021:


	September 30, 2021													March 31, 2022
					Fair Value Measurement Using															Fair Value Measurement Using
(dollars in millions)	Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)			Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
(in millions)														Carrying Value			Estimated Fair Value			Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)				Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,522	$	2,522	$	2,522		$	—		$	—
Cash, cash equivalents and due from banks													$		2,900	$		2,900	$		2,900		$		—		$	—
FHLB stock (1)		684		684		—			684			—			679			679			—				679			—
Loans, net		43,487		42,896		—			—			42,896
Loans and leases, net															46,561			44,959			—				—			44,959
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits	$	34,621	$	34,628	$	25,897	(2)	$	8,731	(3)	$	—	$		37,954	$		37,883	$		30,065	(2)	$		7,818	(3)	$	—
Borrowed funds		15,434		16,154		—			16,154			—			15,337			15,577			—				15,577			—

(1)

Carrying value and estimated fair value are at cost.

(2)

Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts, savings accounts, and non-interest-bearing accounts.

(3)

Certificates of deposit.


	December 31, 2020												December 31, 2021
					Fair Value Measurement Using												Fair Value Measurement Using
(dollars in millions)	Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)			Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
(in millions)													Carrying Value		Estimated Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)			Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)			Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Financial Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,948	$	1,948	$	1,948		$	—		$	—
Cash, cash equivalents and due from banks													$	2,211	$	2,211	$	2,211		$	—		$	—
FHLB stock (1)		714		714		—			714			—		734		734		—			734			—
Loans, net		42,807		42,376		—			—			42,376
Loans and leases, net														45,539		44,748		—			—			44,748
Financial Liabilities:
Deposits	$	32,437	$	32,466	$	22,106	(2)	$	10,360	(3)	$	—	$	35,059	$	35,051	$	26,635	(2)	$	8,416	(3)	$	—
Borrowed funds		16,084		16,794		—			16,794			—		16,562		17,169		—			17,169			—

(1)

Carrying value and estimated fair value are at cost.

(2)

Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts, savings accounts, and non-interest-bearing accounts.

(3)

Certificates of deposit.

The methods and significant assumptions used to estimate fair values for the Company’s financial instruments follow:

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Due From Banks

Cash, ~~and Cash Equivalents~~

~~Cash and~~ cash equivalents and due from banks include cash and due from banks and federal funds sold. The estimated fair values of cash, ~~and~~ cash equivalents and due from banks are assumed to equal their carrying values, as these financial instruments are either due on demand or have short-term maturities.

Securities

If quoted market prices are not available for a specific security, then fair values are estimated by using pricing models, quoted prices of securities with similar characteristics, or discounted cash flows. These pricing models primarily use market-based or independently sourced market parameters as inputs, including, but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates, equity or debt prices, and credit spreads. In addition to observable market information, pricing models also incorporate transaction details such as maturities and cash flow assumptions.

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock

Ownership in equity securities of the FHLB-NY is generally restricted and there is no established liquid market for their resale. The carrying amount approximates the fair value.

Loans

The Company discloses the fair value of loans measured at amortized cost using an exit price notion. The Company determined the fair value on substantially all of its loans for disclosure purposes, on an individual loan basis. The discount rates reflect current market rates for loans with similar terms to borrowers having similar credit quality on an exit price basis. The estimated fair values of non-performing mortgage and other loans are based on recent collateral appraisals. For those loans where a discounted cash flow technique was not considered reliable, the Company used a quoted market price for each individual loan.

Deposits

The fair values of deposit liabilities with no stated maturity (i.e., interest-bearing checking and money market accounts, savings accounts, and non-interest-bearing accounts) are equal to the carrying amounts payable on demand. The fair values of CDs represent contractual cash flows, discounted using interest rates currently offered on deposits with similar characteristics and remaining maturities. These estimated fair values do not include the intangible value of core deposit (total deposits excluding CDs) relationships, which comprise a significant portion of the Company’s deposit base.

Borrowed Funds

The estimated fair value of borrowed funds is based either on bid quotations received from securities dealers or the discounted value of contractual cash flows with interest rates currently in effect for borrowed funds with similar maturities and structures.

Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments

The fair values of commitments to extend credit and unadvanced lines of credit are estimated based on an analysis of the interest rates and fees currently charged to enter into similar transactions, considering the remaining terms of the commitments and the creditworthiness of the potential borrowers. The estimated fair values of such off-balance sheet financial instruments were insignificant at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

Note 11. Leases

Lessor Arrangements

The Company is a lessor in the equipment finance business where it has executed direct financing leases (“lease finance receivables”). The Company produces lease finance receivables through a specialty finance subsidiary that participates in syndicated loans that are brought to them, and equipment loans and leases that are assigned to them, by a select group of nationally recognized sources, and are generally made to large corporate obligors, many of which are publicly traded, carry investment grade or near-investment grade ratings, and participate in stable industries nationwide. Lease finance receivables are carried at the aggregate of lease payments receivable plus the estimated residual value of the leased assets and any initial direct costs incurred to originate these leases, less unearned income, which is accreted to interest income over the lease term using the interest method.

The standard leases are typically repayable on a level monthly basis with terms ranging from 24 to 120 months. At the end of the lease term, the lessee usually has the option to return the equipment, to renew the lease or purchase the equipment at the then fair market value (“FMV”) price. For leases with a FMV renewal/purchase option, the relevant residual value assumptions are based on the estimated value of the leased asset at the end of lease term, including evaluation of key factors, such as, the estimated remaining useful life of the leased asset, its historical secondary market value including history of the lessee executing the FMV option, overall credit evaluation and return provisions. The Company acquires the leased asset at fair market value and provides funding to the respective lessee at acquisition cost, less any volume or trade discounts, as applicable. Therefore, there is generally no selling profit or loss to recognize or defer at inception of a lease.

The residual value component of a lease financing receivable represents the estimated fair value of the leased equipment at the end of the lease term. In establishing residual value estimates, the Company may rely on industry data, historical experience, and independent appraisals and, where appropriate, information regarding product life cycle, product upgrades and competing products. Upon expiration of a lease, residual assets are remarketed, resulting in an extension of the lease by the lessee, a lease to a new customer or purchase of the residual asset by the lessee or another party. Impairment of residual values arises if the expected fair value is less than the carrying amount. The Company assesses its net investment in lease financing receivables (including residual values) for impairment on an annual basis with any impairment losses recognized in accordance with the impairment guidance for financial instruments. As such, net investment in lease financing receivables may be reduced by an allowance for credit losses with changes recognized as provision expense. On certain lease financings, the Company obtains residual value insurance from third parties to manage and reduce the risk associated with the residual value of the leased assets. At ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the carrying value of residual assets with third-party residual value insurance for at least a portion of the asset value was $6360 million and $7161 million, respectively.

The Company uses the interest rate implicit in the lease to determine the present value of its lease financing receivables.

The components of lease income were as follows:


(dollars in millions)	For the Three Months ended September 30, 2021		For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021		For the Three Months ended September 30, 2020		For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
(in millions)									For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022		For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Interest income on lease financing (1)	$	13	$	41	$	13	$	39	$	12	$	14

(1)

Included in Interest Income – Loans and leases in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

At ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the carrying value of net investment in leases was $1.8 billion and $1.9 ~~billion.~~billion, respectively. The components of net investment in direct financing leases, including the carrying amount of the lease receivables, as well as the unguaranteed residual asset were as follows:

(dollars in millions)

September 30,
2021

December 31,
2020

Net investment in the lease - lease payments receivable

$
1,789

$
1,771

Net investment in the lease - unguaranteed
residual assets

77

80

Total lease payments

$
1,866

$
1,851


(in millions)	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Net investment in the lease - lease payments receivable	$	1,680	$	1,790
Net investment in the lease - unguaranteed residual assets		73		75
Total lease payments	$	1,753	$	1,865

The following table presents the remaining maturity analysis of the undiscounted lease receivables as of ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, as well as the reconciliation to the total amount of receivables recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Condition:


(dollars in millions)	September 30, 2021
2021	$	12
(in millions)				March 31, 2022
2022		39		$	10
2023		256			196
2024		301			247
2025		387			344
2026					382
Thereafter		871			574
Total lease payments		1,866			1,753
Plus: deferred origination costs		27			23
Less: unearned income		(98	)		(90	)
Total lease finance receivables, net	$	1,795		$	1,686

Lessee Arrangements

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets and operating lease liabilities in the Consolidated Statements of Condition.

ROU assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most leases do not provide an implicit rate, the incremental borrowing rate (FHLB borrowing rate) is used in determining the present value of lease payments. The implicit rate is used when readily determinable. The operating lease ROU asset is measured at cost, which includes the initial measurement of the lease liability, prepaid rent and initial direct costs incurred by the Company, less incentives received. The lease terms include options to extend the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. For the vast majority of the Company’s leases, we are reasonably certain we will exercise our options to renew to the end of all renewal option periods. As such, substantially all of our future options to extend the leases have been included in the lease liability and ROU assets.

Variable costs such as the proportionate share of actual costs for utilities, common area maintenance, property taxes and insurance are not included in the lease liability and are recognized in the period in which they are incurred. Amortization of the ROU assets was $156 million ~~for the nine months ended September 30, 2021~~ and ~~September 30, 2020. Included in these amounts was~~ $5 ~~million and $~~7 million for the three months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022 and 2021, ~~and September 30, 2020,~~ respectively.

The Company has operating leases for corporate offices, branch locations, and certain equipment. The Company’s leases have remaining lease terms of one year to approximately 25 years~~years,~~, the vast majority of which include one or more options to extend the leases for up to five years resulting in lease terms up to 40 years.

The components of lease expense were as follows:


(dollars in millions)	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2021		For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021		For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020		For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
(in millions)									For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022		For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Operating lease cost	$	7	$	20	$	7	$	16	$	7	$	7
Sublease income		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total lease cost	$	7	$	20	$	7	$	16	$	7	$	7

Supplemental cash flow information related to the leases for the following periods:

(dollars in millions)

For the
Three
Months
Ended
September 30,
2021

For the
Nine
Months
Ended
September 30,
2021

For the
Three
Months
Ended
September 30,
2020

For the
Nine
Months
Ended
September 30,
2020

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement
of lease liabilities:

Operating cash flows from operating leases

$
7

$
20

$
7

$
16


(in millions)	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022		For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	7	$	7

Supplemental balance sheet information related to the leases for the following periods:

(in millions, except lease term and discount rate)

September 30,
2021

December 31,
2020

Operating Leases:

Operating lease right-of-use assets

252

$
267

Operating lease liabilities

252

267

Weighted average remaining lease term

16 years

16 years

Weighted average discount rate

3.06
%

3.12
%


(in millions, except lease term and discount rate)	March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021
Operating Leases:
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	243		$	249
Operating lease liabilities	$	243		$	249
Weighted average remaining lease term	15 years			16 years
Weighted average discount rate%		3.26	%		3.05	%

Maturities of lease liabilities:

September 30,
2021

(dollars in millions)

2021

$
7

2022

26

2023

26

2024

25

2025

24

Thereafter

218

Total lease payments

326

Less: imputed interest

(74
)

Total present value of lease liabilities

$
252


(in millions) Maturities of lease liabilities:	March 31, 2022
2022	$	20
2023		26
2024		25
2025		24
2026		23
Thereafter		194
Total lease payments		312
Less: imputed interest		(69	)
Total present value of lease liabilities	$	243

Note 12. Derivative and Hedging Activities

The Company’s derivative financial instruments consist of interest rate swaps. The Company is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Company principally manages its exposure to a wide variety of business and operational risks through management of its core business activities. The Company manages economic risks, including interest rate and liquidity risks, primarily by managing the amount, sources, and duration of its assets and liabilities and, from time to time, the use of derivative financial instruments. Specifically, the Company enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that arise from business activities that result in the payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the value of which are determined by interest rates.

Title VII of the ~~Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”)~~DFA requires all standardized derivatives, including most interest rate swaps, to be submitted for clearing to central counterparties to reduce counterparty risk. Two of the central counterparties are the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (“CME”) and the London Clearing House (“LCH”). As of ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, all of the Company’s $~~4.3~~2.1 billion notional derivative contracts were cleared on the LCH. Daily variation margin payments on derivatives cleared through the LCH are accounted for as legal settlement. For derivatives cleared through LCH, the net gain (loss) position includes the variation margin amounts as settlement of the derivative and not collateral against the fair value of the derivative, which includes accrued interest; therefore, those interest rate and derivative contracts the Company clears through the LCH are reported at a fair value of approximately zero at ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

The Company’s exposure is limited to the value of the derivative contracts in a gain position less any collateral held and plus any collateral posted. When there is a net negative exposure, we consider our exposure to the counterparty to be zero. At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the Company had a net ~~negative~~positive exposure.

Fair Value of Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

The Company is exposed to changes in the fair value of certain of its fixed-rate assets due to changes in benchmark interest rates. The Company uses interest rate swaps to manage its exposure to changes in fair value on these instruments attributable to changes in the designated benchmark interest rate. Interest rate swaps designated as fair value hedges involve the payment of fixed-rate amounts to a counterparty in exchange for the Company receiving variable-rate payments over the life of the agreements without the exchange of the underlying notional amount. Such derivatives were used to hedge the changes in fair value of certain of its pools of prepayable fixed rate assets. For derivatives designated and that qualify as fair value hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative as well as the offsetting loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in interest income.

The Company ~~has~~ entered into an interest rate swap with a notional amount of $2.0 billion to hedge certain real estate loans. This swap expired in February 2022 and was not renewed. For the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022, the floating rate received related to the net settlement of this interest rate swap was less than the fixed rate payments. As such, interest income from Loans and leases in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income was decreased by $6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the floating rate received related to the net settlement of this interest rate swap was less than the fixed rate payments. As such, interest income from Loans and leases in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income was decreased by $12 million ~~and $~~37 ~~million~~ for the three ~~and nine~~ months ended ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2021. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, the floating rate received related to the net settlement of this interest rate swap was less than the fixed rate payments. As such, interest income from Loans and leases in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income was decreased by $11 ~~million and $~~23 ~~million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively.~~

As of ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021 the following amounts were recorded on the balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustment for fair value hedges:


	September 30, 2021
(dollars in millions) Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Condition in which the Hedge Item is Included	Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets		Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustments Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets
(in millions)						March 31, 2022						December 31, 2021
Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Condition in which the Hedge Item is Included						Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets			Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustments Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets			Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets			Cumulative Amount of Fair Value Hedging Adjustments Included in the Carrying Amount of the Hedged Assets
Total loans and leases, net (1)	$	2,025	$	25	$		-	$		-	$		2,025	$		25

(1)

These amounts include the amortized cost basis of closed portfolios used to designate hedging relationships in which the hedged item is the last layer expected to be remaining at the end of the hedging relationship. ~~At September 30, 2021,~~Since the swap expired in February 2022, at March 31, 2022, the amortized cost basis of the closed portfolios used in these hedging ~~relationships was $3.0~~ ~~billion;~~relationships; the cumulative basis adjustments associated with these hedging ~~relationships was $~~25 ~~million;~~relationships; and the amount of the designated hedged items ~~was~~were $~~2.0~~0 ~~billion.~~

~~As of December 31, 2020, the following amounts were recorded on the balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustment for fair value hedges:~~

December 31, 2020

(dollars in millions)
Line Item in the Consolidated Statements of Condition in which the Hedge Item is Included

Carrying
Amount of
the Hedged
Assets

Cumulative
Amount of
Fair Value
Hedging
Adjustments
Included in
the Carrying
Amount of
the Hedged
Assets

Total loans and leases, net (1)

$
2,073

$
73

~~(1)~~

These amounts include the amortized cost basis of closed portfolios used to designate hedging relationships in which the hedged item is the last layer expected to be remaining at the end of the hedging relationship. At December 31, 2020 the amortized cost basis of the closed portfolios used in these hedging relationships was $~~3.6~~ ~~billion; the cumulative basis adjustments associated with these hedging relationships was $~~73 ~~million; and the amount of the designated hedged items was $2.0~~ ~~billion.~~.

~~The following table sets forth information regarding the Company’s derivative financial instruments at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020:~~

(dollars in millions)

Notional
Amount

Other
Assets

Other
Liabilities

Derivatives designated as fair value hedging
instruments:

Interest rate swap

$
2,000

$
—

$
—

Total derivatives designated as fair value hedging
instruments

$
2,000

$
—

$
—

The following table sets forth the effect of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income for the periods indicated.


(dollars in millions)	For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2021			For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021			For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020			For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
(in millions)													For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022			For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Derivative – interest rate swap:
Interest income	$	25		$	49		$	(24	)	$	18		$	25		$	25
Hedged item – loans:
Interest income	$	(25	)	$	(49	)	$	24		$	(18	)	$	(25	)	$	(25	)

Cash Flow Hedges of Interest Rate Risk

The Company’s objectives in using interest rate derivatives are to add stability to interest expense and to manage its exposure to interest rate movements. Interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges involve the receipt of amounts subject to variability caused by changes in interest rates from a counterparty in exchange for the Company making fixed-rate payments over the life of the agreements without exchange of the underlying notional amount. Changes in the fair value of derivatives designated and that qualify as cash flow hedges are initially recorded in other comprehensive income and are subsequently reclassified into earnings in the period that the hedged transaction affects earnings.

Interest rate swaps with notional amounts totaling $2.1 billion and $2.3 billion as of ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively, were designated as cash flow hedges of certain FHLB borrowings.

The following table summarizes information about the interest rate swaps designated as cash flow hedges at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020:~~2021:


(dollars in millions)	September 30, 2021			December 31, 2020			March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021
Notional amounts	$	2,250		$	2,250		$	2,050		$	2,250
Cash collateral posted		25			46
Cash collateral received (posted)								9			(12	)
Weighted average pay rates		1.27	%		1.27	%		1.34	%		1.27	%
Weighted average receive rates		0.12	%		0.23	%		0.61	%		0.18	%
Weighted average maturity	1.2 years			1.9 years			0.7 years			0.9 years

The following table presents the effect of the ~~Company’s~~Company's cash flow derivative instruments on AOCL for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and ~~2020:~~2021:

(dollars in millions)

For the Nine
Months
Ended
September 30, 2021

For the Nine
Months
Ended
September 30, 2020

Amount of gain (loss) recognized in AOCL

$
2

$
59

Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from AOCL to interest expense

18

6


(in millions)	For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2022		For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
Amount of (loss) gain recognized in AOCL	$	16	$	5
Amount of reclassified from AOCL to interest expense		6		6

Gains (losses) included in the Consolidated Statements of Income related to interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges during the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 was $186 million. Amounts reported in AOCL related to derivatives will be

reclassified to interest expense as interest payments are made on the Company’s variable-rate borrowings. During the next twelve months, the Company estimates that an additional $2615 million will be reclassified to interest expense.

Note 13. Pending Acquisition

~~Acquisition~~Extension of Merger Agreement with Flagstar Bancorp, Inc.

On April 26, 2021, the Company announced that it had entered into a definitive merger agreement (the ~~“Merger Agreement”~~"Merger Agreement") under which we would acquire Flagstar Bancorp, Inc. ("Flagstar") in a 100% stock transaction initially valued ~~at the time~~ at $2.6 billion (the ~~“Merger”~~"Merger"). On April 27, 2022, both sides agreed to amend the agreement (the "Amendment"). Under ~~terms of~~ the ~~Merger Agreement, which was unanimously approved by~~Amendment, the ~~Boards of Directors of~~Company and Flagstar have agreed to extend the merger termination date to October 31, 2022. In connection with the extension, both ~~companies, Flagstar shareholders~~parties amended the merger agreement to provide that the combined company's ongoing banking operations will ~~receive~~ seek to operate under a national bank charter. Under the Amendment, the only bank regulatory approvals required to consummate the merger are the OCC and the FRB.

~~4.0151~~ ~~shares of~~ New York ~~Community common stock for each~~State Department of Financial Services Approves Flagstar ~~share they own.~~ Bancorp, Inc. Merger

~~Following completion of~~On April 27, 2022, the ~~Merger, New York Community shareholders are expected to own~~ 68~~% of~~NYSDFS notified the Company that it had approved its pending merger with Flagstar Bancorp, Inc. Notwithstanding this approval, both parties announced that the combined ~~company, while Flagstar shareholders are expected~~organization will seek to ~~own~~ 32~~% of the combined company.~~ Currently, it does not appear that regulatory approval will be received in time to close the merger during the fourth quarter of 2021, as previously anticipated. We now estimate an anticipated closing as soon in 2022 as we can obtain regulatory approvals.

~~The new company will have over $~~85 ~~billion in total assets,~~ operate ~~nearly~~ ~~400~~ ~~traditional branches in~~ 9 ~~states, and retail home lending offices across~~under a 28~~-state footprint. It will have its headquarters on Long Island, N.Y. with regional headquarters in Troy, Michigan, including Flagstar's mortgage operations.~~national bank charter.

Note 14. Legal Proceedings

Following the announcement of the Merger Agreement, the first of four lawsuits was filed on June 23, 2021 in United States Federal District Courts by alleged stockholders of NYCB against NYCB and the members of its board of directors challenging the accuracy or completeness of the disclosures contained in the Form S-4 filed on June 25, 2021 by NYCB with the SEC relating to the proposed Merger. Four additional lawsuits were filed by alleged Flagstar stockholders in state and federal courts against Flagstar and its board of directors (and, in one instance, NYCB and 615 Corp.) challenging the proposed Merger or Flagstar’s disclosures relating to the ~~Merger.~~Merger, and those four lawsuits have since been resolved and dismissed. The complaints in the actions against NYCB allege, among other things, that the defendants caused a materially incomplete and misleading Form S-4 relating to the proposed Merger to be filed with the SEC in violation of Section 14(a) and Section 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rule 14a-9 promulgated thereunder. Two of the lawsuits against NYCB have been voluntarily dismissed, without prejudice. In the two remaining actions, none of the NYCB defendants has been served with the complaint, and NYCB believes that these claims are without merit.

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

For the purpose of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the words “we,” “us,” “our,” and the “Company” are used to refer to New York Community Bancorp, Inc. and our consolidated subsidiary, New York Community Bank (the “Bank”).

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING LANGUAGE

This report, like many written and oral communications presented by New York Community Bancorp, Inc. and our authorized officers, may contain certain forward-looking statements regarding our prospective performance and strategies within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and are including this statement for purposes of said safe harbor provisions.

Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe future plans, strategies, and expectations of the Company, are generally identified by use of the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “seek,” “strive,” “try,” or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may,” or similar expressions. Although we believe that our plans, intentions, and expectations as reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that they will be achieved or realized.

Our ability to predict results or the actual effects of our plans and strategies is inherently uncertain. Accordingly, actual results, performance, or achievements could differ materially from those contemplated, expressed, or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in this report.

There are a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control, that could cause actual conditions, events, or results to differ significantly from those described in our forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to:

•

general economic conditions, including higher inflation and its impacts, either nationally or in some or all of the areas in which we and our customers conduct our respective businesses;

•

conditions in the securities markets and real estate markets or the banking industry;

•

changes in real estate values, which could impact the quality of the assets securing the loans in our portfolio;

•

changes in interest rates, which may affect our net income, prepayment penalty income, and other future cash flows, or the market value of our assets, including our investment securities;

•

any uncertainty relating to the LIBOR ~~calculation~~transition process;

•

changes in the quality or composition of our loan or securities portfolios;

•

changes in our capital management policies, including those regarding business combinations, dividends, and share repurchases, among others;

•

heightened regulatory focus on CRE concentrations;

•

changes in competitive pressures among financial institutions or from non-financial institutions;

•

changes in deposit flows and wholesale borrowing facilities;

•

changes in the demand for deposit, loan, and investment products and other financial services in the markets we serve;

•

our timely development of new lines of business and competitive products or services in a changing environment, and the acceptance of such products or services by our customers;

•

our ability to obtain timely shareholder and regulatory approvals of any merger transactions or corporate restructurings we may propose, including timely obtaining regulatory approvals for our pending acquisition of Flagstar Bancorp, Inc.;

•

our ability to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities, customers, systems, and management personnel we may acquire into our operations, and our ability to realize related revenue synergies and cost savings within expected time frames, including the pending acquisition of Flagstar Bancorp, Inc.;

•

potential exposure to unknown or contingent liabilities of companies we have acquired, may acquire, or target for acquisition, including the pending acquisition of Flagstar Bancorp, Inc.;

•

the success of our previously announced investment in, and partnership with, Figure Technologies, Inc., a FinTech company focusing on payment and lending via blockchain technology;

•

the ability to invest effectively in new information technology systems and platforms;

•

changes in future ACL requirements under relevant accounting and regulatory requirements;

•

the ability to pay future dividends at currently expected rates;

•

the ability to hire and retain key personnel;

•

the ability to attract new customers and retain existing ones in the manner anticipated;

•

changes in our customer base or in the financial or operating performances of our customers’ businesses;

•

any interruption in customer service due to circumstances beyond our control;

•

the outcome of pending or threatened litigation, or of matters before regulatory agencies, whether currently existing or commencing in the future;

•

environmental conditions that exist or may exist on properties owned by, leased by, or mortgaged to the Company;

•

any interruption or breach of security resulting in failures or disruptions in customer account management, general ledger, deposit, loan, or other systems;

•

operational issues stemming from, and/or capital spending necessitated by, the potential need to adapt to industry changes in information technology systems, on which we are highly dependent;

•

the ability to keep pace with, and implement on a timely basis, technological changes;

•

changes in legislation, regulation, policies, or administrative practices, whether by judicial, governmental, or legislative action, and other changes pertaining to banking, securities, taxation, rent regulation and housing (the New York Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019), financial accounting and reporting, environmental protection, insurance, and the ability to comply with such changes in a timely manner;

•

changes in the monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. Government, including policies of the U.S. Department of the Treasury and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System;

•

changes in accounting principles, policies, practices, and guidelines;

•

changes in regulatory expectations relating to predictive models we use in connection with stress testing and other forecasting or in the assumptions on which such modeling and forecasting are predicated;

•

changes to federal, state, and local income tax laws;

•

changes in our credit ratings or in our ability to access the capital markets;

•

increases in our FDIC insurance premium;

•

legislative and regulatory initiatives related to climate change;

•

the potential impact to the Company from climate change, ~~resulting in~~including higher regulatory compliance, increased expenses, operational changes, and ~~additional expenses;~~reputational risks;

•

unforeseen or catastrophic events including natural disasters, war, terrorist activities, and the emergence of a pandemic;

•

the impacts related to or resulting from Russia's military action in Ukraine, including the broader impacts to financial markets and the global macroeconomic and geopolitical environment;

•

the effects of COVID-19, which includes, but are not limited to, the length of time that the pandemic continues, the effectiveness and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination program, the potential imposition of further restrictions on business operations and/or travel or movement in the future, the remedial actions and stimulus measures adopted by federal, state, and local governments, the health of our employees and the inability of employees to work due to illness, quarantine, or government mandates, the business continuity plans of our customers and our vendors, the increased likelihood of cybersecurity risk, data breaches, or fraud due to employees working from home, the ability of our borrowers to continue to repay their loan obligations, the lack of property transactions and asset sales, potential impact on collateral values, and the effect of the pandemic on the general economy and businesses of our borrowers; and

•

other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, technological, and geopolitical factors affecting our operations, pricing, and services.

In addition, the timing and occurrence or non-occurrence of events may be subject to circumstances beyond our control.

Furthermore, on an ongoing basis, we evaluate opportunities to expand through mergers and acquisitions and opportunities for strategic combinations with other banking organizations. Our evaluation of such opportunities involves discussions with other parties,

due diligence, and negotiations. As a result, we may decide to enter into definitive arrangements regarding such opportunities at any time.

In addition to the risks and challenges described above, these types of transactions involve a number of other risks and challenges, including:

•

The ability to successfully integrate branches and operations and to implement appropriate internal controls and regulatory functions relating to such activities;

•

The ability to limit the outflow of deposits, and to successfully retain and manage any loans;

•

The ability to attract new deposits, and to generate new interest-earning assets, in geographic areas that have not been previously served;

•

The success in deploying any liquidity arising from a transaction into assets bearing sufficiently high yields without incurring unacceptable credit or interest rate risk;

•

The ability to obtain cost savings and control incremental non-interest expense;

•

The ability to retain and attract appropriate personnel;

•

The ability to generate acceptable levels of net interest income and non-interest income, including fee income, from acquired operations;

•

The diversion of management’s attention from existing operations;

•

The ability to address an increase in working capital requirements; and

•

Limitations on the ability to successfully reposition our post-merger balance sheet when deemed appropriate.

See Part ~~II, Item 1A, Risk Factors, in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2021 and Part~~ I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020~~2021 for a further discussion of important risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements.

Readers should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect our expectations only as of the date of this report. We do not assume any obligation to revise or update these forward-looking statements except as may be required by law.

RECONCILIATIONS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY, COMMON STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY,

AND TANGIBLE COMMON STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY;

TOTAL ASSETS AND TANGIBLE ASSETS; AND THE RELATED MEASURES

(unaudited)

While stockholders’ equity, common stockholders’ equity, total assets, and book value per common share are financial measures that are recorded in accordance with GAAP, tangible common stockholders’ equity, tangible assets, and tangible book value per common share are not. It is management’s belief that these non-GAAP measures should be disclosed in this report and others we issue for the following reasons:

Tangible common stockholders’ equity is an important indication of the Company’s ability to grow organically and through business combinations, as well as its ability to pay dividends and to engage in various capital management strategies.

Tangible book value per common share and the ratio of tangible common stockholders’ equity to tangible assets are among the capital measures considered by current and prospective investors, both independent of, and in comparison with, the Company’s peers.

Tangible common stockholders’ equity, tangible assets, and the related non-GAAP measures should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for stockholders’ equity, common stockholders’ equity, total assets, or any other measure calculated in accordance with GAAP. Moreover, the manner in which we calculate these non-GAAP measures may differ from that of other companies reporting non-GAAP measures with similar names.

Reconciliations of our stockholders’ equity, common stockholders’ equity, and tangible common stockholders’ equity; our total assets and tangible assets; and the related financial measures for the respective periods follow:


	At or for the									At or for the						At or for the
	Three Months Ended									Nine Months Ended						Three Months Ended
	September 30,			June 30,			September 30,			September 30,			September 30,			March 31,			December 31,			March 31,
(dollars in millions)	2021			2021			2020			2021			2020			2022			2021			2021
Total Stockholders’ Equity	$	6,967		$	6,916		$	6,735		$	6,967		$	6,735		$	6,909		$	7,044		$	6,796
Less: Goodwill		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)
Preferred stock		(503	)		(503	)		(503	)		(503	)		(503	)		(503	)		(503	)		(503	)
Tangible common stockholders’ equity	$	4,038		$	3,987		$	3,806		$	4,038		$	3,806		$	3,980		$	4,115		$	3,867

Total Assets	$	57,890		$	57,469		$	54,932		$	57,890		$	54,932		$	61,005		$	59,527		$	57,657
Less: Goodwill		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)
Tangible Assets	$	55,464		$	55,043		$	52,506		$	55,464		$	52,506		$	58,579		$	57,101		$	55,231

Average common stockholders’ equity	$	6,474		$	6,368		$	6,219		$	6,404		$	6,187		$	6,543		$	6,511		$	6,370
Less: Average goodwill		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)
Average tangible common stockholders’ equity	$	4,048		$	3,942		$	3,793		$	3,978		$	3,761		$	4,117		$	4,085		$	3,944

Average Assets	$	57,307		$	58,114		$	54,269		$	57,246		$	53,823		$	59,894		$	58,435		$	56,306
Less: Average goodwill		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)		(2,426	)
Average tangible assets	$	54,881	��	$	55,688		$	51,843		$	54,820		$	51,397		$	57,468		$	56,009		$	53,880

Net income available to common stockholders	$	140		$	144		$	107		$	421		$	296
GAAP MEASURES:
Return on average assets (1)		1.04	%		1.04	%		0.85	%		1.04	%		0.80	%		1.04	%		1.03	%		1.03	%
Return on average common stockholders' equity (2)		8.69			9.00			6.92			8.77			6.40			8.98			8.71			8.63
Book value per common share	$	13.90		$	13.79		$	13.43		$	13.90		$	13.43		$	13.72		$	14.07		$	13.53
Common stockholders’ equity to total assets		11.17			11.16			11.34			11.17			11.34			10.50			10.99			10.92
NON-GAAP MEASURES:
Return on average tangible assets (1)		1.08	%		1.09	%		0.89	%		1.08	%		0.83	%		1.11	%		1.11	%		1.08	%
Return on average tangible common stockholders’ equity (2)		13.89			14.54			11.34			14.12			10.52			14.76			14.37			13.93
Tangible book value per common share	$	8.68		$	8.57		$	8.20		$	8.68		$	8.20		$	8.52		$	8.85		$	8.32
Tangible common stockholders’ equity to tangible assets		7.28			7.24			7.25			7.28			7.25			6.79			7.21			7.00

(1)

To calculate return on average assets for a period, we divide net income generated during that period by average assets recorded during that period. To calculate return on average tangible assets for a period, we divide net income by average tangible assets recorded during that period.

(2)

To calculate return on average common stockholders’ equity for a period, we divide net income available to common shareholders generated during that period by average common stockholders’ equity recorded during that period. To calculate return on average tangible common stockholders’ equity for a period, we divide net income available to common shareholders generated during that period by average tangible common stockholders’ equity recorded during that period.

Executive Summary

New York Community Bancorp, Inc. is the holding company for New York Community Bank, a New York State-chartered savings bank, headquartered in Hicksville, New York. The Bank is subject to regulation by the NYSDFS, the FDIC, and the CFPB. In addition, the holding company is subject to regulation by the FRB, the SEC, and to the requirements of the NYSE, where shares of our common stock trade under the symbol “NYCB” and shares of our preferred stock trade under the symbol “NYCB PA”.

Reflecting our growth through a series of acquisitions, the Company currently operates ~~236~~237 branch locations through eight local divisions, each with a history of service and strength. In New York, we operate as Queens County Savings Bank, Roslyn Savings Bank, Richmond County Savings Bank, Roosevelt Savings Bank, and Atlantic Bank; in New Jersey as Garden State Community Bank; in Ohio as the Ohio Savings Bank; and as AmTrust Bank in Arizona and Florida.

~~Third~~First Quarter ~~2021~~2022 Overview

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the Company reported total assets of ~~$57.9~~$61.0 billion, total loans and leases held for investment of ~~$43.7~~$46.8 billion, total investment securities of $5.6 billion, total deposits of ~~$34.6~~$38.0 billion, total borrowed funds of $15.3 billion, and total stockholders' equity of ~~$7.0~~$6.9 billion.

For the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the Company reported net income of ~~$149~~$155 million, up ~~28%~~7% compared to the ~~$116~~$145 million ~~the Company~~we reported for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2020. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, net income was $446 million, up 39% compared to the $321 million the Company reported for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.~~

March 31, 2021. Net income available to common shareholders for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 totaled ~~$140~~$147 million, also up ~~31%~~7% compared to ~~$107~~the $137 million ~~the Company~~we reported for the three months ended September 30, 2020. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, net income available to common shareholders was $421 million, up 42% compared to the $296 million reported for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.March 31, 2021.

On a per share basis, ~~the Company~~we reported diluted earnings per common share of ~~$0.30~~$0.31 for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, up ~~30%~~7% compared to the ~~$0.23~~$0.29 we reported for the three months ended September 30, 2020. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company reported diluted earnings per common share of $0.90, up 43% compared to the $0.63 reported for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.March 31, 2021.

Included in the results for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 are $6$7 million in merger-related expenses, compared to no such expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2020. Included in the nine months ended September 30, 2021 are $16 million in merger-related expenses and a $2 million valuation adjustment related to the revaluation of deferred taxes due to an increase in the New York State corporate tax rate.March 31, 2021.

The key trends in the ~~third~~first quarter of 2022 were:

Significant Growth in Deposits

The Company reported significant deposit growth during the first quarter of 2022. At March 31, 2022, total deposits increased $2.9 billion relative to the fourth quarter of 2021 ~~were:~~to $38.0 billion, up 33% on an annualized basis. This was driven by growth in our BaaS business and continued success in garnering deposits from our loan customers. BaaS deposits totaled $5.4 billion at March 31, 2022, a significant increase since we started this business 12 months ago. In addition, deposits from our borrowers, or loan-related deposits, rose $427 million during the first quarter to $4.4 billion. This compares to growth in this category of $475 million for all of last year.

Continued Strong Loan Growth ~~in Net Interest Income and NIM Expansion~~

~~Net interest income~~After $2 billion of loan growth during the fourth quarter of last year, total loans continued to grow during the first quarter of 2022. At March 31, 2022, total loans and leases held for investment grew by $1 billion to $46.8 billion, up 9% annualized on a linked-quarter basis.

The majority of the ~~NIM both continue~~loan growth continues to ~~improve~~be in the multi-family portfolio, which increased $1.1 billion during the current first quarter ~~on a year-over-year basis. Net interest income for~~to $35.8 billion, up 13% annualized compared to the ~~three months ended September 30, 2021 increased $36 million or 13% to $318~~previous quarter. The specialty finance portfolio at March 31, 2022 totaled $3.3 billion, down $168 million compared to the ~~year-ago~~previous quarter. ~~The improvement continues~~This was largely due to ~~be driven by lower interest expense. Interest expense fell $39 million or 29%~~the payoff of one large loan relationship, as the borrower accessed the capital markets and used the proceeds to ~~$97 million during~~pay off their outstanding debt. Otherwise, excluding the ~~third quarter of 2021~~one payoff, the specialty finance portfolio would have been relatively unchanged compared to December 31, 2021. Also at March 31, 2022, the ~~third quarter of 2020.~~

~~Included~~specialty finance portfolio had $5.7 billion in ~~net interest income is prepayment income of $16 million for the third quarter of 2021~~total commitments, up 2% compared to ~~$12 million for the third quarter of 2020.~~

The Company's NIM also increased compared to the third quarter of last year. For the three months ended September 30, 2021, the NIM increased 15 bp to 2.44% compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. The improvement was driven by a lower cost of funding. For the three months ended September 30, 2021, the cost of funds declined 39 bp to 0.87% compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020. This was due to a 50 bp decrease in the average cost of deposits to 0.35% compared to the year-ago.

~~Prepayment income contributed 12 bps to~~year-end 2021. Of this ~~quarter's NIM compared to nine bp in the year-ago quarter.~~

~~Strong Year-over-Year Deposit Growth~~

~~At September 30, 2021, total deposits were $34.6 billion, up $2.9~~amount, $4 billion or 9% compared to September 30, 2020. On a year-over-year basis, all core deposit (total deposits excluding CDs) categories increased, while the balance of CDs declined. Non-interest bearing deposits increased $1.8 billion or 60% to $4.9 billion on a year-over-year basis; savings accounts increased $2.0 billion or71% are structured as floating rate obligations.

~~34%~~Asset Quality Remains Strong

During the first quarter of 2022, the Company's credit trends and overall asset quality remained exceptional and continue to ~~$8.0 billion;~~rank among the best in the industry. NPAs increased $29 million to $70 million compared to both the previous quarter and ~~interest-bearing checking and money market accounts rose $1.3 billion or 11%. At~~ the ~~same time, CDs declined $2.3 billion or 21% to $8.7 billion, and now represent 25%~~year-ago quarter. This represented 11 basis points of total ~~deposits~~assets compared to ~~35%~~seven basis points at both the previous fourth quarter and the year-ago quarter.

The increase in the ~~third~~level of NPAs this quarter was mostly due to one CRE loan in the amount of ~~last year.~~$20 million to a single borrower. The loan is well-secured and at this point we do not expect to incur any significant losses on it.

Also, total loans 30 to 89 days past due continued to decline, decreasing to $34 million, or $33 million, compared to $67 million at December 31, 2021.

In addition, at March 31, 2022, deferred loans paying interest- and escrow-only totaled $282 million, down $197 million or 41% compared to the previous quarter. As of March 31, 2022, the Company did not have any borrowers on full-payment deferrals.

Recent Events

Declaration of Dividend on Common Shares

On ~~October~~April 26, ~~2021,~~2022, our Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend on the Company’s common stock of $0.17 per share. The dividend is payable on ~~November 16, 2021~~May 19, 2022 to common shareholders of record as of ~~November 6, 2021.~~May 9, 2022.

~~Pending Acquisition~~Extension of Merger Agreement with Flagstar Bancorp, Inc.

On April 26, 2021, the Company announced that it had entered into a definitive merger agreement (the ~~“Merger Agreement”~~"Merger Agreement") under which we would acquire Flagstar Bancorp, Inc. ("Flagstar") in a 100% stock transaction initially valued ~~at the time~~ at $2.6 billion (the ~~“Merger”~~"Merger"). On April 27, 2022, both sides agreed to amend the agreement (the "Amendment"). Under ~~terms of~~ the ~~Merger Agreement, which was unanimously approved by~~Amendment, the ~~Boards of Directors of~~Company and Flagstar have agreed to extend the merger termination date to October 31, 2022. In connection with the extension, both ~~companies, Flagstar shareholders~~parties amended the merger agreement to provide that the combined company's ongoing banking operations will ~~receive 4.0151 shares of~~ seek to operate under a national bank charter. Under the Amendment, the only bank regulatory approvals required to consummate the merger are the OCC and the FRB.

New York ~~Community common stock for each~~State Department of Financial Services Approves Flagstar ~~share they own. Following completion of~~Bancorp, Inc. Merger

On April 27, 2022, the ~~Merger, New York Community shareholders are expected to own 68% of~~NYSDFS notified the Company that it had approved its pending merger with Flagstar Bancorp, Inc. Notwithstanding this approval, both parties announced that the combined ~~company, while Flagstar shareholders are expected~~organization will seek to own 32% of the combined company. Currently, it does not appear that regulatory approval will be received in time to close the merger during the fourth quarter of 2021, as previously anticipated. We now estimate an anticipated closing as soon in 2022 as we can obtain regulatory approvals.

~~The new company will have over $85 billion in total assets,~~ operate ~~nearly 400 traditional branches in nine states, and retail home lending offices across~~under a ~~28-state footprint. It will have its headquarters on Long Island, N.Y. with regional headquarters in Troy, Michigan, including Flagstar's mortgage operations.~~national bank charter.

Critical Accounting Policies

We consider certain accounting policies to be critically important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations, since they require management to make complex or subjective judgments, some of which may relate to matters that are inherently uncertain. The inherent sensitivity of our consolidated financial statements to these critical accounting policies, and the judgments, estimates, and assumptions used therein, could have a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

We have identified the following to be critical accounting policies: the determination of the allowance for credit losses on loans and ~~leases; and the determination of the amount, if any, of goodwill impairment.~~leases.

The judgments used by management in applying these critical accounting policies may be influenced by adverse changes in the economic environment, which may result in changes to future financial results.

Allowance for Credit Losses ~~on Loans and Leases~~

The Company’s January 1, 2020, adoption of ASU No. 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments,” resulted in a significant change to our methodology for estimating the allowance since December 31, 2019. ASU No. 2016-13 ~~replaces~~replaced the incurred loss methodology with an expected loss methodology that is referred to as the CECL methodology. The measurement of expected credit losses under CECL is applicable to financial assets measured at amortized cost, including loan receivables. It also applies to off-balance sheet exposures not accounted for as insurance and net investments in leases accounted for under ASC Topic 842. At December 31, 2019, the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases totaled $148 million. On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted the CECL methodology under ASU Topic 326 and recognized an increase in the allowance for credit losses on loans and leases of $2 million as a “Day 1” transition adjustment from changes in methodology, with a corresponding decrease in retained earnings. Separately, at December 31, 2019, the Company had an allowance for unfunded commitments of $1 million. Upon adoption, the Company recognized an increase in the allowance for unfunded commitments of $13 million as a “Day 1” transition adjustment with a corresponding decrease in retained earnings.

The allowance for ~~loan~~credit losses on loans and ~~lease losses~~leases is deducted from the amortized cost basis of a financial asset or a group of financial assets so that the balance sheet reflects the net amount the Company expects to collect. Amortized cost is the ~~principal~~unpaid loan balance, ~~outstanding,~~ net of ~~purchase premiums and discounts, fair value hedge accounting adjustments, and~~ deferred fees and ~~costs.~~expenses, and includes negative escrow. Subsequent changes (favorable and unfavorable) in expected credit losses are recognized immediately in net income as a credit loss expense or a reversal of credit loss expense. Management estimates the allowance by projecting and multiplying together the probability-of-default, loss-given-default and exposure-at-default depending on economic parameters for each month of the remaining contractual term. Economic parameters are developed using available information relating to past events, current conditions, and economic forecasts. The Company’s economic forecast period is 24 months, and afterwards reverts to a historical ~~norm based~~average loss rate on ~~inputs after 24 months.~~a straight line basis over a 12 month period. Historical credit experience provides the basis for the estimation of expected credit losses, with qualitative adjustments made for differences in current loan-specific risk characteristics such as differences in underwriting standards, portfolio mix, delinquency levels and terms, as well as for changes in environmental conditions, such as changes in legislation, regulation, policies, administrative practices or other relevant factors. Expected credit losses are estimated over the contractual term of the loans, adjusted for forecasted prepayments when appropriate. The contractual term excludes potential extensions or renewals. The methodology used in the estimation of the allowance for ~~credit~~loan and lease losses, ~~on loans and leases,~~ which is performed at least quarterly, is designed to be dynamic and responsive to changes in portfolio credit

quality and forecasted economic conditions. Each quarter ~~we reassess~~the Company reassesses the appropriateness of the economic forecasting period, the reversion period and historical mean at the portfolio segment level, considering any required adjustments for differences in underwriting standards, portfolio mix, and other relevant data shifts over time.

The allowance for ~~loan~~credit losses on loans and ~~lease losses~~leases is measured on a collective (pool) basis when similar risk characteristics exist. The portfolio segment represents the level at which a systematic methodology is applied to estimate credit losses. Management believes the products within each of the entity’s portfolio ~~classes~~segments exhibit similar risk characteristics. ~~Loans that are determined to have unique~~Smaller pools of homogenous financing receivables with homogeneous risk characteristics ~~are evaluated on an individual basis by management. If a loan is determined to be collateral dependent, or meets~~were modeled using the ~~criteria to apply~~methodology selected for the ~~collateral dependent practical expedient, expected credit losses are determined based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, less costs to sell as appropriate.~~portfolio segment. The macroeconomic data used in the quantitative models are based on ~~an economic~~a reasonable and supportable forecast period of 24 months. The Company leverages economic projections including property market and prepayment forecasts from established independent third parties to inform its loss drivers in the forecast. Beyond this forecast period, ~~we revert~~the Company reverts to a historical average loss rate. This reversion to the historical average loss rate is performed on a straight-line basis over 12 months.

The portfolio segment represents the level at which a systematic methodology is applied to estimate credit losses. Smaller pools of homogeneous financing receivables with homogeneous risk characteristics were modeled using the methodology selected for the portfolio segment to which factors in the qualitative scorecard include: concentration, modeling and forecast imprecision and limitations, policy and underwriting, prepayment uncertainty, external factors, nature and volume, management, and loan review. Each factor is subject to an evaluation of metrics, consistently applied, to measure adjustments needed for each reporting period.

Loans that do not share risk characteristics are evaluated on an individual basis. These include loans that are in nonaccrual status with balances above management determined materiality thresholds depending on loan class and also loans that are designated as TDR or “reasonably expected TDR” (criticized, classified, or maturing loans that will have a modification processed within the next three months). In addition, all taxi medallion loans are individually evaluated. If a loan is determined to be collateral dependent, or meets the criteria to apply the collateral dependent practical expedient, expected credit losses are determined based on the fair value of the collateral at the reporting date, less costs to sell as appropriate.

The Company maintains an allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures. At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet ~~credit~~ exposures was $11 million and $12 ~~million. We estimate~~million, respectively. The Company estimates expected credit losses over the contractual period in which the Company is exposed to credit risk via a contractual obligation to extend credit, unless that obligation is unconditionally cancellable by the Company. The allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet credit exposures is adjusted as a provision for credit losses expense. The estimate includes consideration of the likelihood that funding will occur and an estimate of expected credit losses on commitments expected to be funded over their estimated life. The Company examined historical credit conversion factor (“CCF”) trends to estimate utilization rates, and chose an appropriate mean CCF based on both management judgment and quantitative analysis. Quantitative analysis involved examination of CCFs over a range of fund-up windows (between 12 and 36 months) and comparison of the mean CCF for each fund-up window with management judgment determining whether the highest mean CCF across fund-up windows made business sense. The Company applies the same standards and estimated loss rates to the credit exposures as to the related class of loans.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the allowance for credit losses on loan and leases increased primarily as a result of growth across segments of the loan portfolio, and by macroeconomic factors surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically the resultant estimated decreases in property values in the New York City area. The macroeconomic forecast includes Gross Domestic Product (“GDP”) to rise at an annualized rate of 5.0% for 2021 as the economy begins to recover from the systemic disruptions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Unemployment continues to subside from the historic shock of 2020, but is not forecasted to return to pre-pandemic levels around 3.5% until 2023. The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield is expected to steadily increase over the next few years. Baa Corp-10 Year treasury spread widens slightly beginning in 2022 and levels off at 2.6% through 2023. In addition to these quantitative inputs, several qualitative factors were considered in increasing our allowance for loan and lease credit losses, including the risk that the economic decline proves to be more severe and/or prolonged than our baseline forecast. The impact of the unprecedented fiscal stimulus and changes to federal and local laws and regulations, including changes to various government sponsored loan programs, was also considered.

~~Current Expected Credit Losses~~

At December 31, 2019, the allowance for loan and lease losses totaled $148 million. On January 1, 2020, the Company adopted the CECL methodology under ASU Topic 326. Upon adoption, we recognized an increase in the ACL of $2 million as a “Day 1” transition adjustment from changes in methodology, with a corresponding decrease in retained earnings. At September 30, 2021, the ACL totaled $200 million, up $6 million compared to December 31, 2020 driven by net recoveries of $7 million during the first nine months of 2021 and a $1 million recovery of credit losses.

~~Separately, at December 31, 2019,~~When applying this critical accounting policy we incorporate several inputs and judgments that may be influenced by changes period to period. These include, but are not limited to changes in the ~~Company had an allowance for unfunded commitments~~economic environment and forecasts, changes in the credit profile and characteristics of ~~$461,000. With~~ the ~~adoption~~loan portfolio, and changes in prepayment assumptions which will result in provisions to or recoveries from the balance of ~~CECL on January 1, 2020, we recognized a “Day 1” transition adjustment of $13 million. At September 30, 2021,~~ the allowance for ~~unfunded commitments totaled $12 million.~~credit losses.

(dollars in millions)

Loans and
Leases

Unfunded
Commitments

Allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2020

$
194

$
12

2021 Provision for (recovery of) credit losses

(1
)

—

2021 Net recoveries

7

—

Allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2021

$
200

$
12

~~See Note 6, Allowance~~While changes to the economic environment forecasts, and portfolio characteristics will change from period to period, portfolio prepayments are an integral assumption in estimating the allowance for ~~Credit Losses~~credit losses on ~~Loans~~our mortgage loan portfolio, are subject to estimation uncertainty and ~~Leases for~~changes in this assumption could have a ~~further discussion of~~material impact to our ~~Allowance for Credit Losses.~~

~~Goodwill Impairment~~

~~The Company adopted, on a prospective basis, ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles—Goodwill~~estimation process. Prepayment assumptions are sensitive to interest rates and ~~Other (Topic 350): Simplifying~~existing loan terms and determine the Test for Goodwill Impairment on January 1, 2020. We have significant intangible assets as of September 30, 2021, including goodwill of $2.4 billion. In connection with our acquisitions, the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded at their estimated fair values. Goodwill represents the excessweighted average life of the ~~purchase price~~mortgage loan portfolio. Excluding other factors, as the weighted average life of ~~our acquisitions over~~ the ~~fair value of identifiable net assets acquired, including other identified intangible assets. We test our goodwill for impairment at~~portfolio increases or decreases, so will the reporting unit level. We have identified one reporting unit which is the same as our operating segment and reportable segment. If we change our strategy or if market conditions shift, our judgments may change, which may result in adjustments to the recorded goodwill balance.

We perform our goodwill impairment test in the fourth quarter of each year, or more often if events or circumstances warrant. For annual goodwill impairment testing, we have the option to first perform a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill and other intangible assets. If we conclude that this is the case, we would compare the fair value the reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. The loss recognized, however, would not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. Additionally, we would consider income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on the carryingrequired amount of the ~~reporting unit when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable.~~

~~The Company assessed the environment in the third quarter of 2021, including the estimated impact of the COVID-19 pandemic~~allowance for credit losses on macroeconomic variables and economic forecasts and how those might impact the fair value of our reporting unit. After consideration of the items above and the first nine months of 2021 results, the Company determined it was not more-likely-than-not that the fair value of any reporting unit was below book value as of September 30, 2021. We will continue to monitor and evaluate the impact of COVID-19 and its impact on our market capitalization, overall economic conditions, and any triggering events that may indicate an impairment of goodwill in the future.mortgage loans.

Balance Sheet Summary

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, total assets were ~~$57.9~~$61.0 billion, up ~~$3.0~~$1.5 billion or 5%10% annualized compared to ~~September 30, 2020. The~~December 31, 2021. This growth was primarily led by ~~increases~~growth in ~~cash balances, securities,~~loans and to a lesser extent, ~~loans, along with growth in deposits.~~cash and cash equivalent balances.

Cash balances increased ~~$1.1~~$689 million or 31% to $2.9 billion ~~or 73%~~compared to ~~$2.5~~the previous quarter, while total securities declined modestly to $5.6 billion, ~~on a year-over-year basis. Total securities increased $649~~down $169 million or 12% ~~over the same time frame due to excess liquidity.~~annualized.

Total loans and leases held for investment ~~rose $858 million or 2%~~increased $1.0 billion to ~~$43.7~~$46.8 billion, up 9% annualized compared to ~~the third quarter of 2020~~December 31, 2021 with ~~most~~all of this growth ~~coming from~~occurring in the multi-family ~~segment. On a year-over-year basis,~~portfolio.

Total multi-family loans ~~increased $738 million~~at March 31, 2022 were $35.8 billion, up $1.1 billion or ~~2% to $32.9 billion.~~ 13% annualized.

The specialty finance portfolio ~~also increased, rising $115~~totaled $3.3 billion at March 31, 2022, down $168 million ~~or 4% to $3.2 billion~~ compared to ~~the year-ago quarter. C&I loans rose $166 million or 42% to $560 million,~~December 31, 2021, while the CRE portfolio ~~declined $170 million or 2%~~totaled $6.7 billion at March 31, 2022, unchanged compared to ~~$6.7 billion.~~December 31, 2021.

At ~~September 30, 2021, our~~March 31, 2022, deposits totaled ~~$34.6~~$38.0 billion, up $2.9 billion or 9%33% on an annualized basis compared to ~~September 30, 2020.~~December 31, 2021. The ~~year-over-year~~linked-quarter improvement was driven by growth in both the ~~launch of two initiatives earlier this year: our Banking as a Service~~BaaS business and ~~our strategy to bring~~ in ~~more~~loan-related deposits ~~from our borrowers. Banking as a Service deposits~~("LRD").

BaaS-related totaled ~~$1.4~~$5.4 billion at ~~September 30, 2021, the majority of~~March 31, 2022, which ~~are in the non-interest bearing category, while loan-related deposits were $4.2~~represents significant growth since we launched this business line early last year. LRD totaled $4.4 billion, ~~up $652~~which grew $427 million ~~since the beginning of the year. Non-interest bearing deposits totaled $4.9 billion at September 30, 2021, up $1.8~~or 11% compared to December 31, 2021. Of this amount, approximately $1.2 billion or 60% on a year-over-year basis. Savings accounts also increased, growing by $2.0 billion or 34% to $8.0 billion year-over-year and interest-bearing checking and money market accounts rose $1.3 billion or 11% to $13.0 billion compared to the third quarter of last year. At the same

time, CDs continue to decline. CDs totaled $8.7 billion at September 30, 2021, down $2.3 billion or 21% from September 30, 2020. At September 30, 2021, CDs represented 25% of total deposits compared to 35% at September 30, 2020.28% were business operating accounts.

Total borrowed funds at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 were ~~$15.4~~$15.3 billion, down ~~$249 million~~$1.2 billion or 2%7% compared to ~~September 30, 2020. All of the decline was in the wholesale borrowings category, which consists entirely of FHLB-NY borrowings.~~December 31, 2021.

Total stockholders' equity at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 was $6.9 billion compared to $7.0 billion ~~up $232 million or 3% compared to September 30, 2020.~~at December 31, 2021. Excluding goodwill and preferred stock, tangible common stockholders' equity at ~~September 30, 2021 totaled~~March 31, 2022 was $4.0 billion ~~up $232 million or 6%~~ compared to ~~September 30, 2020.~~$4.1 billion at December 31, 2021. Book value per common share at March 31, 2022 was ~~$13.90 at September 30, 2021~~$13.72 compared to ~~$13.43~~$14.07 at ~~September 30, 2020,~~December 31, 2021, while tangible book value per common share was ~~$8.68~~$8.52 at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 compared to ~~$8.20~~$8.85 at ~~September 30, 2020.~~December 31, 2021.

Common stockholders' equity to total assets was 11.17% at September 30, 2021 compared to 11.34% at September 30, 2020. On a tangible basis, tangible common stockholders' equity to tangible assets was 7.28% at September 30, 2021 compared to 7.25% at September 30, 2020.45

Loans and Leases

Loans and Leases Originated for Investment

The majority of the loans we originate are loans and leases held for investment and most of the held-for-investment loans we produce are multi-family loans. Our production of multi-family loans began over five decades ago in the five boroughs of New York City, where the majority of the rental units currently consist of non-luxury, rent-regulated apartments featuring below-market rents. In addition to multi-family loans, our portfolio of loans held for investment contains a number of CRE loans, most of which are secured by income-producing properties located in New York City and Long Island.

In addition to multi-family and CRE loans, our specialty finance loans and leases have become an increasingly larger portion of our overall loan portfolio. The remainder of our portfolio includes smaller balances of C&I loans, one-to-four family loans, ADC loans, and other loans held for investment. The majority of C&I loans consist of loans to small- and mid-size businesses.

For the ~~three months~~quarter ended ~~September 30, 2021, the Company originated $3.0 billion of~~March 31, 2022, total loans and leases ~~held~~originated for investment ~~relatively unchanged~~were $3.5 billion, up $1.0 billion or 39% compared to the ~~year-ago third quarter. Third-quarter~~quarter ended March 31, 2021 ~~originations~~and exceeded the ~~second quarter~~previous quarter's pipeline by ~~$1.6 billion. Mortgage loans originated for investment declined 12%~~$1.3 billion or 59%. On a year-over-year basis, multi-family originations rose $1.0 billion or 64% to ~~$2.0 billion compared to the year-ago third quarter, partially offset by a 35% increase in other loans originated for investment to $925 million.~~

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, total loans originated for investment declined 5% to $8.6 billion compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Total mortgage loans originated for investment declined 4% to $6.2$2.4 billion, while ~~other loans originated for investment~~specialty finance originations increased $97 million or 18% to $638 million. CRE originations declined 8%37% or $162 million to ~~$2.3 billion.~~$281 million during the quarter ended March 31, 2022.

The following table presents information about the loans held for investment we originated for the respective periods:

For the Three Months Ended

For the Nine Months Ended

September 30,

June 30,

September 30,

September 30,

September 30,

2021

2021

2020

2021

2020

(dollars in millions)

Mortgage Loans Originated for Investment:

Multi-family
$
1,796

$
2,078

$
2,104

$
5,341

$
5,935

Commercial real estate

143

70

170

655

451

One-to-four family residential

70

46

—

138

45

Acquisition, development, and construction

18

70

19

94

25

Total mortgage loans originated for investment

2,027

2,264

2,293

6,228

6,456

Other Loans Originated for Investment:

Specialty Finance

796

606

590

1,943

2,247

Other commercial and industrial

127

193

93

383

273

Other

2

2

1

5

3

Total other loans originated for investment

925

801

684

2,331

2,523

Total Loans Originated for Investment
$
2,952

$
3,065

$
2,977

$
8,559

$
8,979


		For the Three Months Ended
(dollars in millions)		March 31, 2022			March 31, 2021			March 31, 2022 compared to March 31, 2021
Mortgage Loan Originated for Investment:
Multi-family	$		2,410	$		1,466	$		944
Commercial real estate			281			443			(162	)
One-to-four family residential			62			21			41
Acquisition, development, and construction			40			7			33
Total mortgage loans originated for investment			2,793			1,937			856
Other Loans Originated for Investment:
Specialty finance			638			541			97
Other commercial and industrial			102			63			39
Other			2			1			1
Total other loans originated for investment			742			605			137
Total loans originated for investment	$		3,535	$		2,542	$		993

Loans and Leases Held for Investment

The individual held-for-investment loan portfolios are discussed in detail below.

Multi-Family Loans

Multi-family loans are our principal asset. The loans we produce are primarily secured by non-luxury residential apartment buildings in New York City that are rent-regulated and feature below-market rents—a market we refer to as our “Primary Lending Niche.” The majority of our multi-family loans are made to long-term owners of buildings with apartments that are subject to rent regulation and feature below-market rents.

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, total multi-family loans represented ~~$32.9~~$36 billion or ~~75%~~77% of total loans and leases held for investment.

At ~~September 30, 2021, 77%~~March 31, 2022, 74% of our multi-family loans were secured by rental apartment buildings in the New York City metro area and ~~3.1%~~3% were secured by buildings elsewhere in New York State. The remaining multi-family loans were secured by buildings outside these markets, including in the four other states in which we ~~operate in.~~operate.

In addition, ~~67%~~62.9% or ~~$22.0~~$22.5 billion of the Company's overall multi-family portfolio is secured by properties in New York State, of which ~~$19.2~~$19.7 billion are subject to rent regulation laws. The weighted average LTV of the rent-regulated segment of the multi-family portfolio was ~~55.23%~~56.27%, as of ~~September 30, 2021, 327~~March 31, 2022, 367 bps below the overall multi-family weighted average LTV of ~~58.50%~~59.94%.

Our emphasis on multi-family loans is driven by several factors, including their structure, which reduces our exposure to interest rate volatility to some degree. Another factor driving our focus on multi-family lending has been the comparative quality of the loans we produce. Reflecting the nature of the buildings securing our loans, our underwriting standards, and the generally conservative LTV ratios our multi-family loans feature at origination, a relatively small percentage of the multi-family loans that have transitioned to non-performing status have actually resulted in losses, even when the credit cycle has taken a downward turn.

We primarily underwrite our multi-family loans based on the current cash flows produced by the collateral property, with a reliance on the “income” approach to appraising the properties, rather than the “sales” approach. The sales approach is subject to fluctuations in the real estate market, as well as general economic conditions, and is therefore likely to be more risky in the event of a downward credit cycle turn. We also consider a variety of other factors, including the physical condition of the underlying property; the net operating income of the mortgaged premises prior to debt service; the DSCR, which is the ratio of the property’s net operating income to its debt service; and the ratio of the loan amount to the appraised value (i.e., the LTV) of the property.

In addition to requiring a minimum DSCR of 125% on multi-family buildings, we obtain a security interest in the personal property located on the premises, and an assignment of rents and leases. Our multi-family loans generally represent no more than 75% of the lower of the appraised value or the sales price of the underlying property, and typically feature an amortization period of 30 years. In addition, some of our multi-family loans may contain an initial interest-only period which typically does not exceed two years; however, these loans are underwritten on a fully amortizing basis.

Commercial Real Estate Loans

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, CRE loans represented ~~$6.7~~$7 billion or ~~15%~~14% of total loans and leases held for ~~investment.~~investment, unchanged compared to the previous quarter.

The CRE loans originated by the Company are also secured by income-producing properties, such as office buildings, mixed-use buildings (retail storefront on the ground floor and apartment units above the ground floor), retail centers, and multi-tenanted light industrial properties. At ~~September 30, 2021, 84%~~March 31, 2022, 83% of our CRE loans were secured by properties in the New York City metro area, while properties in other parts of New York State accounted for ~~2.4%~~2% of the properties securing our CRE loans and properties in all other states accounted for ~~14%~~15% combined.

Specialty Finance Loans and Leases

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, specialty finance loans and leases totaled ~~$3.2~~$3.3 billion or 7% of total loans and leases held for investment.

We produce our specialty finance loans and leases through a subsidiary that is staffed by a group of industry veterans with expertise in originating and underwriting senior securitized debt and equipment loans and leases. The subsidiary participates in syndicated loans that are brought to them, and equipment loans and leases that are assigned to them, by a select group of nationally recognized sources, and are generally made to large corporate obligors, many of which are publicly traded, carry investment grade or near-investment grade ratings, and participate in stable industries nationwide.

The specialty finance loans and leases we fund fall into three categories: asset-based lending, dealer floor-plan lending, and equipment loan and lease financing. Each of these credits is secured with a perfected first security interest in, or outright ownership of, the underlying collateral, and structured as senior debt or as a non-cancelable lease. Asset-based and dealer floor-plan loans are priced at floating rates predominately tied to ~~LIBOR,~~SOFR or LIBOR-replacement rates, while our equipment financing credits are priced at fixed rates at a spread over Treasuries.

Since launching our specialty finance business in the third quarter of 2013, no losses have been recorded on any of the loans or leases in this portfolio.

C&I Loans

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, C&I loans totaled ~~$561~~$548 million or ~~1.3%~~1% of total loans and leases held for investment.

The C&I loans we produce are primarily made to small and mid-size businesses in the five boroughs of New York City and on Long Island. Such loans are tailored to meet the specific needs of our borrowers, and include term loans, demand loans, revolving lines of credit, and, to a much lesser extent, loans that are partly guaranteed by the Small Business Administration.

A broad range of C&I loans, both collateralized and unsecured, are made available to businesses for working capital (including inventory and accounts receivable), business expansion, the purchase of machinery and equipment, and other general corporate needs. In determining the term and structure of C&I loans, several factors are considered, including the purpose, the collateral, and the anticipated sources of repayment. C&I loans are typically secured by business assets and personal guarantees of the borrower, and include financial covenants to monitor the borrower’s financial stability.

The interest rates on our other C&I loans can be fixed or floating, with floating-rate loans being tied to prime or some other market index, plus an applicable spread. Our floating-rate loans may or may not feature a floor rate of interest. The decision to require a floor on other C&I loans depends on the level of competition we face for such loans from other institutions, the direction of market interest rates, and the profitability of our relationship with the borrower.

Acquisition, Development, and Construction Loans

ADC loans at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 totaled ~~$198~~$237 million and represented ~~0.45%~~0.50% of total loans and leases held for investment. Because ADC loans are generally considered to have a higher degree of credit risk, especially during a downturn in the business cycle, borrowers are required to provide a guarantee of repayment and completion.

One-to-Four Family Loans

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, one-to-four family loans totaled ~~$170~~$145 million or ~~0.39%~~0.31% of total loans and leases held for investment.

Other Loans

Other loans totaled $6 million at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and consisted mainly of overdraft loans and loans to non-profit organizations. We currently do not offer home equity loans or home equity lines of credit.

Lending Authority

The loans we originate for investment are subject to federal and state laws and regulations, and are underwritten in accordance with loan underwriting policies approved by the Management Credit Committee, the Board Credit Committee, and the Board of Directors of the Bank.

C&I loans less than or equal to $3 million are approved by the joint authority of lending officers. C&I loans in excess of $3 million and all multi-family, CRE, ADC, and Specialty Finance loans regardless of amount are required to be presented to the Management Credit Committee for approval. Multi-family, CRE, and C&I loans in excess of $5 million and Specialty Finance in excess of $15 million are also required to be presented to the Commercial Credit Committee and the Mortgage and Real Estate Committee of the Board, as applicable so that the Committees can review the loan’s associated risks. The Commercial Credit and Mortgage and Real Estate Committees have authority to direct changes in lending practices as they deem necessary or appropriate in order to address individual or aggregate risks and credit exposures in accordance with the Bank’s strategic objectives and risk appetites.

All mortgage loans in excess of $50 million, specialty finance loans in excess of $15 million and all other C&I loans in excess of $5 million require approval by the Mortgage and Real Estate Committee or the Credit Committee of the Board, as applicable.

The Board of Directors updated certain aspects of the Company's lending authority as detailed below. These changes were effective as of July 21, 2021.

Multi-family, CRE, ADC, and specialty finance loans less than or equal to $10 million and C&I loans less than or equal to $5 million are approved by the joint authority of lending officers. C&I loans in excess of $5 million and all multi-family, CRE, ADC, and specialty finance loans in excess of $10 million are required to be presented to the Management Credit Committee for approval. Multi-family, CRE, ADC, and specialty finance loans in excess of $50 million and C&I loans in excess of $10 million are also required to be presented to the Board Credit Committee of the Board, so that the Committee can review the loan’s associated risks and approve the credit. The Board Credit Committee has authority to direct changes in lending practices as they deem necessary or appropriate in order to address individual or aggregate risks and credit exposures in accordance with the Bank’s strategic objectives and risk appetites.

In addition, all loans of $50 million or more originated by the Bank continue to be reported to the Board of Directors.

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the largest mortgage loan in our portfolio was a $329 million multi-family loan collateralized by six properties located in Brooklyn, New York. As of the date of this report, the loan has been current since origination.

Geographical Analysis of the Portfolio of Loans Held for Investment

The following table presents a geographical analysis of the multi-family and CRE loans in our held-for-investment loan portfolio at ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


	At September 30, 2021										At March 31, 2022
	Multi-Family Loans					Commercial Real Estate Loans						Multi-Family Loans					Commercial Real Estate Loans
(dollars in millions)	Amount		Percent of Total			Amount		Percent of Total				Amount		Percent of Total			Amount		Percent of Total
New York City:											New York City:
Manhattan	$	7,627		23.22	%	$	2,903		43.23	%	$		7,730		21.62	%	$	2,884		43.04	%
Brooklyn		6,126		18.66			390		5.81				6,423		17.97			342		5.10
Bronx		3,637		11.07			151		2.25				3,615		10.11			147		2.19
Queens		2,893		8.81			591		8.80				2,943		8.23			561		8.37
Staten Island		137		0.42			53		0.79				130		0.36			53		0.79
Total New York City	$	20,420		62.18	%	$	4,088		60.88	%	$		20,841		58.29	%	$	3,987		59.49	%
New Jersey		4,263		12.98			512		7.62				4,998		13.98			551		8.22
Long Island		554		1.69			1,020		15.19				560		1.57			1,015		15.15
Total Metro New York	$	25,237		76.85	%	$	5,620		83.69	%	$		26,399		73.84	%	$	5,553		82.86	%
Other New York State		1,024		3.12			161		2.40				1,075		3.01			151		2.26
Pennsylvania													3,372		9.43			322		4.80
Florida													1,441		4.03			213		3.19
Ohio													711		1.99			33		0.49
Arizona													412		1.15			33		0.49
All other states		6,577		20.03			934		13.91				2,341		6.55			396		5.91
Total	$	32,838		100.00	%	$	6,715		100.00	%	$		35,751		100.00	%	$	6,701		100.00	%

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the largest concentration of ADC loans held for investment was located in Metro New York, with a total of ~~$179~~$213 million at that date. The majority of our other loans held for investment were secured by properties and/or businesses located in Metro New York.

~~Outstanding Loan Commitments~~

~~At September 30, 2021, we had outstanding loan commitments of $3.1 billion, as compared to $2.5 billion at December 31, 2020.~~

Multi-family, CRE, ADC and 1-4 family loans together represented $751 million of held-for-investment loan commitments at the end of the quarter, while other loans represented $2.4 billion. Included in the latter amount were commitments to originate specialty finance loans and leases of $1.8 billion and commitments to originate other C&I loans of $527 million.

In addition to loan commitments, we had commitments to issue financial stand-by, performance stand-by, and commercial letters of credit totaling $286 million at September 30, 2021, a $90 million decrease from the volume at December 31, 2020. The fees we collect in connection with the issuance of letters of credit are included in Fee Income in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

Asset Quality

Non-Performing Loans and Repossessed Assets

NPAs at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 totaled ~~$37~~$70 million, ~~down $9~~up $29 million or ~~20%~~71% compared to the balance at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. This represents ~~0.06%~~0.11% of total assets compared to ~~0.08%~~0.07% at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

NPLs at ~~September 30, 2021 declined $10~~March 31, 2022 rose $30 million or ~~26%~~91% to ~~$28~~$63 million compared to December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. This represents ~~0.06%~~0.13% of total loans compared to ~~0.09%~~0.07% at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

Total repossessed assets at ~~September 30,~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 ~~of $9~~were $7 million ~~were up modestly compared to~~and $8 million, ~~at December 31, 2020.~~respectively.

For the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the Company recorded net ~~recoveries~~charge-offs of $7$2 million compared to net ~~charge-offs~~recoveries of ~~$13~~$1 million for the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2020.~~March 31, 2021.

The following table presents our non-performing loans by loan type and the changes in the respective balances from December 31, ~~2020~~2021 to ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:

Change from
December 31, 2020 to
September 30, 2021

(dollars in millions)

September 30,
2021

December 31,
2020

Amount

Percent

Non-Performing Loans:

Non-accrual mortgage loans:

Multi-family

$
8

$
4

$
4

100
%
Commercial real estate

12

12

—

0
%
One-to-four family

1

2

(1
)

-50
%
Acquisition, development, and construction

—

—

—

—

Total non-accrual mortgage loans

21

18

3

17
%
Non-accrual other loans (1)

7

20

(13
)

-65
%
Total non-performing loans

$
28

$
38

$
(10
)

-26
%


								Change from December 31, 2021 to March 31, 2022
(dollars in millions)		March 31, 2022			December 31, 2021			Amount			Percent
Non-Performing Loans:
Non-accrual mortgage loans:
Multi-family	$		22	$		10	$		12			120		%
Commercial real estate			35			16			19			119
One-to-four family			—			1			(1	)		(100	)
Acquisition, development, and construction			—			—			—			—
Total non-accrual mortgage loans			57			27			30			111
Non-accrual other loans (1)			6			6			—			—
Total non-performing loans	$		63	$		33	$		30			91

(1)

Includes $7$5 million and ~~$19~~$6 million of non-accrual taxi medallion-related loans at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, respectively.

The following table sets forth the changes in non-performing loans over the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:

(dollars in millions)

Balance at December 31, 2020

$
38

New non-accrual

17

Charge-offs

(6
)
Transferred to repossessed assets

—

Loan payoffs, including dispositions and principal
pay-downs

(14
)
Restored to performing status

(7
)
Balance at September 30, 2021

$
28


(in millions)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	33
New non-accrual		32
Charge-offs		—
Transferred to repossessed assets		—
Loan payoffs, including dispositions and principal pay-downs		(2	)
Restored to performing status		—
Balance at March 31, 2022	$	63

We monitor non-accrual loans both within and beyond our primary lending area, which is defined as including: (a) the counties that comprise our CRA Assessment area, and (b) the entirety of the following states: Arizona; Florida; New York; New Jersey; Ohio; and Pennsylvania, in the same manner. Monitoring loans generally involves inspecting and re-appraising the collateral properties; holding discussions with the principals and managing agents of the borrowing entities and/or retained legal counsel, as applicable; requesting financial, operating, and rent roll information; confirming that hazard insurance is in place or force-placing such insurance; monitoring tax payment status and advancing funds as needed; and appointing a receiver, whenever possible, to collect rents, manage the operations, provide information, and maintain the collateral properties.

It is our policy to order updated appraisals for all non-performing loans, irrespective of loan type, that are collateralized by multi-family buildings, CRE properties, or land, in the event that such a loan is 90 days or more past due, and if the most recent appraisal on file for the property is more than one year old. Appraisals are ordered annually until such time as the loan becomes performing and is returned to accrual status. It is generally not our policy to obtain updated appraisals for performing loans. However, appraisals may be ordered for performing loans when a borrower requests an increase in the loan amount, a modification in loan terms, or an extension of a maturing loan. We do not analyze LTVs on a portfolio-wide basis.

Non-performing loans are reviewed regularly by management and discussed on a monthly basis with the Management Credit Committee, the Board Credit Committee, and the Boards of Directors of the Company and the Bank, as applicable. Collateral-dependent non-performing loans are written down to their current appraised values, less certain transaction costs. Workout specialists from our Loan Workout Unit actively pursue borrowers who are delinquent in repaying their loans in an effort to collect payment. In addition, outside counsel with experience in foreclosure proceedings are retained to institute such action with regard to such borrowers.

Properties and assets that are acquired through foreclosure are classified as either OREO or repossessed assets, and are recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition, less the estimated cost of selling the property/asset. Subsequent declines in the fair value of OREO or repossessed assets are charged to earnings and are included in non-interest expense. It is our policy to require an appraisal and an environmental assessment (in accordance with our Environmental Risk Policy) of properties classified as OREO before foreclosure, and to re-appraise the properties/assets on an as-needed basis, and not less than annually, until they are sold. We dispose of such properties/assets as quickly and prudently as possible, given current market conditions and the property’s or asset’s condition.

To mitigate the potential for credit losses, we underwrite our loans in accordance with credit standards that we consider to be prudent. In the case of multi-family and CRE loans, we look first at the consistency of the cash flows being generated by the property to determine its economic value using the “income approach,” and then at the market value of the property that collateralizes the loan. The amount of the loan is then based on the lower of the two values, with the economic value more typically used.

The condition of the collateral property is another critical factor. Multi-family buildings and CRE properties are inspected from rooftop to basement as a prerequisite to closing, with a member of the Board Credit Committee participating in inspections on multi-family, CRE, and ADC loans to be originated in excess of $50 million. We continue to conduct inspections as per the aforementioned policy, however, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, currently full access to some properties and buildings may be limited. Furthermore, independent appraisers, whose appraisals are carefully reviewed by our experienced in-house appraisal officers and staff, perform appraisals on collateral properties. In many cases, a second independent appraisal review is performed.

In addition to underwriting multi-family loans on the basis of the buildings’ income and condition, we consider the borrowers’ credit history, profitability, and building management expertise. Borrowers are required to present evidence of their ability to repay the loan from the buildings’ current rent rolls, their financial statements, and related documents.

In addition, we work with a select group of mortgage brokers who are familiar with our credit standards and whose track record with our lending officers is typically greater than ten years. Furthermore, in New York City, where the majority of the buildings securing our multi-family loans are located, the rents that tenants may be charged on certain apartments are typically restricted under certain new rent regulation laws. As a result, the rents that tenants pay for such apartments are generally lower than current market rents. Buildings with a preponderance of such rent-regulated apartments are less likely to experience vacancies in times of economic adversity.

Reflecting the strength of the underlying collateral for these loans and the collateral structure, a relatively small percentage of our non-performing multi-family loans have resulted in losses over time. While our multi-family lending niche has not been immune to downturns in the credit cycle, the limited number of losses we have recorded, even in adverse credit cycles, suggests that the multi-family loans we produce involve less credit risk than certain other types of loans. In general, buildings that are subject to rent regulation have tended to be stable, with occupancy levels remaining more or less constant over time. Because the rents are typically below market and the buildings securing our loans are generally maintained in good condition, they have been more likely to retain their tenants in adverse economic times. In addition, we exclude any short-term property tax exemptions and abatement benefits the property owners receive when we underwrite our multi-family loans.

To further manage our credit risk, our lending policies limit the amount of credit granted to any one borrower, and typically require minimum DSCRs of 125% for multi-family loans and 130% for CRE loans. Although we typically lend up to 75% of the appraised value on multi-family buildings and up to 65% on commercial properties, the average LTVs of such credits at origination were below those amounts at ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022. Exceptions to these LTV limitations are minimal and are reviewed on a case-by-case basis.

The repayment of loans secured by commercial real estate is often dependent on the successful operation and management of the underlying properties. To minimize our credit risk, we originate CRE loans in adherence with conservative underwriting standards, and require that such loans qualify on the basis of the property’s current income stream and DSCR. The approval of a loan also depends on the borrower’s credit history, profitability, and expertise in property management, and generally requires a minimum DSCR of 130% and a maximum LTV of 65%. In addition, the origination of CRE loans typically requires a security interest in the fixtures, equipment, and other personal property of the borrower and/or an assignment of the rents and/or leases. In addition, our CRE loans may contain an interest-only period which typically does not exceed three years; however, these loans are underwritten on a fully amortizing basis.

Multi-family and CRE loans are generally originated at conservative LTVs and DSCRs, as previously stated. Low LTVs provide a greater likelihood of full recovery and reduce the possibility of incurring a severe loss on a credit; in many cases, they reduce the likelihood of the borrower “walking away” from the property. Although borrowers may default on loan payments, they have a greater incentive to protect their equity in the collateral property and to return their loans to performing status. Furthermore, in the case of multi-family loans, the cash flows generated by the properties are generally below-market and have significant value.

With regard to ADC loans, we typically lend up to 75% of the estimated as-completed market value of multi-family and residential tract projects; however, in the case of home construction loans to individuals, the limit is 80%. With respect to commercial construction loans, we typically lend up to 65% of the estimated as-completed market value of the property. Credit risk is also managed through the loan disbursement process. Loan proceeds are disbursed periodically in increments as construction progresses, and as warranted by inspection reports provided to us by our own lending officers and/or consulting engineers.

To minimize the risk involved in specialty finance lending and leasing, each of our credits is secured with a perfected first security interest or outright ownership in the underlying collateral, and structured as senior debt or as a non-cancellable lease. To further minimize the risk involved in specialty finance lending and leasing, we re-underwrite each transaction. In addition, we retain outside counsel to conduct a further review of the underlying documentation.

Other C&I loans are typically underwritten on the basis of the cash flows produced by the borrower’s business, and are generally collateralized by various business assets, including, but not limited to, inventory, equipment, and accounts receivable. As a result, the capacity of the borrower to repay is substantially dependent on the degree to which the business is successful. Furthermore, the collateral underlying the loan may depreciate over time, may not be conducive to appraisal, and may fluctuate in value, based upon the operating results of the business. Accordingly, personal guarantees are also a normal requirement for other C&I loans.

The procedures we follow with respect to delinquent loans are generally consistent across all categories, with late charges assessed, and notices mailed to the borrower, at specified dates. We attempt to reach the borrower by telephone to ascertain the reasons for delinquency and the prospects for repayment. When contact is made with a borrower at any time prior to foreclosure or recovery against collateral property, we attempt to obtain full payment, and will consider a repayment schedule to avoid taking such action. Delinquencies are addressed by our Loan Workout Unit and every effort is made to collect rather than initiate foreclosure proceedings.

The following table presents our loans 30 to 89 days past due by loan type and the changes in the respective balances from December 31, ~~2020~~2021 to ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:

Change from
December 31, 2020
to
September 30, 2021

(dollars in millions)

September 30,
2021

December 31,
2020

Amount

Percent

Loans 30-89 Days Past Due:

Multi-family

$
426

$
4

$
422

10550
%
Commercial real estate

11

10

1

10
%
One-to-four family

10

2

8

400
%
Acquisition, development, and construction

—

—

—

—

Other loans (1)

—

—

—

—

Total loans 30-89 days past due

$
447

$
16

$
431

2694
%


					Change from December 31, 2021 to March 31, 2022
(dollars in millions)	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		Amount			Percent
Loans 30-89 Days Past Due:
Multi-family	$	23	$	57	$	(34	)		-60	%
Commercial real estate		4		2		2			100
One-to-four family		7		8		(1	)		-13
Acquisition, development, and construction		—		—		—		NM
Other loans (1)		—		—		—		NM
Total loans 30-89 days past due	$	34	$	67	$	(33	)		-49	%

(1)

Does not include any past due taxi medallion-related loans at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

During the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021,~~2022, total loans 30-89 days past due ~~increased~~decreased to ~~$447~~$34 million compared to ~~$16~~$67 million at December 31, 2020. Approximately $377 million of the third-quarter 2021 amount is related to multiple loans to one borrower and consists primarily of multi-family and mixed-use properties, all of which are in the 30 days past due category. All of the properties are located in Manhattan and approximately 72% of the units feature market rents. Certain of the buildings include units used for student housing. The $377 million is comprised of 55 separate loans with an average balance of less than $7 million per loan. The Company is working with the borrower, who has entered into a CARES Act-related deferral agreement for the loans in question. The loans have a 57% LTV based on original appraised values. The Bank is well-secured on these properties and does not expect to incur losses on this relationship.2021.

Fair values for all multi-family buildings, CRE properties, and land are determined based on the appraised value. If an appraisal is more than one year old and the loan is classified as either non-performing or as an accruing TDR, then an updated appraisal is required to determine fair value. Estimated disposition costs are deducted from the fair value of the property to determine estimated net realizable value. In the instance of an outdated appraisal on an impaired loan, we adjust the original appraisal by using a third-party index value to determine the extent of impairment until an updated appraisal is received.

While we strive to originate loans that will perform fully, adverse economic and market conditions, among other factors, can adversely impact a borrower’s ability to repay.

Based upon all relevant and available information as of the end of the current second quarter, management believes that the allowance for losses on loans was appropriate at that date.

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the Company's three largest NPLs were ~~three~~two CRE loans with balances of ~~$8 million, $7~~$19.4 million and $3$8.0 million and one multi-family loan of $6.9 million.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

In an effort to proactively manage delinquent loans, we have selectively extended to certain borrowers such concessions as rate reductions and extensions of maturity dates, as well as forbearance agreements, when such borrowers have exhibited financial difficulty. In accordance with GAAP, we are required to account for such loan modifications or restructurings as TDRs.

The eligibility of a borrower for work-out concessions of any nature depends upon the facts and circumstances of each transaction, which may change from period to period, and involve management’s judgment regarding the likelihood that the concession will result in the maximum recovery for the Company.

Loans modified as TDRs are placed on non-accrual status until we determine that future collection of principal and interest is reasonably assured. This generally requires that the borrower demonstrate performance according to the restructured terms for at least six consecutive months. At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, non-accrual TDRs included taxi medallion-related loans with a combined balance of $7$5 million.

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, loans on which concessions were made with respect to rate reductions and/or extensions of maturity dates totaled ~~$33~~$47 million.

Based on the number of loans performing in accordance with their revised terms, our success rates for restructured CRE loans, was 100%. The success rates for restructured one-to-four family and other loans were 0%100% and ~~18%~~26%, respectively, at ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

Analysis of Troubled Debt Restructurings

The following table sets forth the changes in our TDRs over the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:

(dollars in millions)

Accruing

Non-Accrual

Total

Balance at December 31, 2020

$
15

$
19

$
34

New TDRs

1

11

12

Charge-offs

—

(4
)

(4
)
Loan payoffs, including dispositions and principal
pay-downs

—

(9
)

(9
)
Balance at September 30, 2021

$
16

$
17

$
33


(in millions)		Accruing			Non- Accrual				Total
Balance at December 31, 2021	$		16	$		13		$		29
New TDRs			—			19				19
Charge-offs			—			—				—
Transferred from performing			—			—				—
Loan payoffs, including dispositions and principal pay-downs			—			(1	)			(1	)
Balance at March 31, 2022	$		16	$		31		$		47

On a limited basis, we may provide additional credit to a borrower after a loan has been placed on non-accrual status or classified as a TDR if, in management’s judgment, the value of the property after the additional loan funding is greater than the initial value of the property plus the additional loan funding amount. During the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, no such additions were made. Furthermore, the terms of our restructured loans typically would not restrict us from cancelling outstanding commitments for other credit facilities to a borrower in the event of non-payment of a restructured loan.

Except for the non-accrual loans and TDRs disclosed in this filing, we did not have any potential problem loans at the end of the current quarter that would have caused management to have serious doubts as to the ability of a borrower to comply with present loan repayment terms and that would have resulted in such disclosure if that were the case.

Loan Deferrals

Under U.S. GAAP, banks are required to assess modifications to a loan’s terms for potential classification as a TDR. A loan to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty is classified as a TDR when a lender grants a concession that it would otherwise not consider, such as a payment deferral or interest concession. In order to encourage banks to work with impacted borrowers, the CARES Act and bank regulators have provided relief from TDR accounting. The main benefits of TDR relief include a capital benefit in the form of reduced risk-weighted assets, as TDRs are more heavily risk-weighted for capital purposes; aging of the loans is frozen, i.e., they will continue to be reported in the same delinquency bucket they were in at the time of modification; and the loans are generally not reported as non-accrual during the modification period.

Under the CARES Act, the Company made the election to deem that loan modifications do not result in TDRs if they are (1) related to the novel coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”); (2) executed on a loan that was not more than 30 days past due as of December 31, 2019; and (3) executed between March 1, 2020, and the earlier of (A) 60 days after the date of termination of the COVID-19 national emergency declaration or (B) December 31, 2020. In December 2020, Congress amended the CARES Act through the Consolidated Appropriation Act of 2021, which provided additional COVID-19 relief to American families and businesses, including extending TDR relief under the CARES Act until the earlier of December 31, 2021 or 60 days following the termination of the national emergency.

During the second quarter of 2020, the Company implemented various loan modification programs with some of its borrowers, in accordance with the CARES Act and interagency regulatory guidance. These modifications were primarily full payment deferrals for an initial six month period, with the ability to extend again at the end of the deferral period, at the Bank’s discretion. Most of these deferrals were entered into during April and May, and were therefore, they were eligible to come off of their deferral period beginning in the fourth quarter of 2020, and the remaining were eligible to come off their deferral during the first quarter of 2021. Accordingly, at ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, 100% of the Company's full-payment deferrals had returned to payment status.

In addition, to the full-payment deferrals, the Company entered into certain modifications whereby the borrowers are paying interest and escrow only. At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, these principal deferrals totaled ~~$914~~$282 million, down 9%41% or ~~$91~~$197 million compared to ~~$1.0 billion~~$479 million in the previous quarter.

~~The following tables reflect, as of September 30, 2021,~~ Also at March 31, 2022, the ~~aggregate amount of principal deferrals by various category.~~

Principal Deferrals as of September 30, 2021

Amount in
Deferral

Outstanding
Balance

Deferred as
a % of
Outstanding
Balance

Weighted-
Average
LTV

(dollars in millions)

Multi-family

$
545

$
32,816

1.7
%

54.9
%
CRE:

Office

$
239

$
3,123

7.6
%

66.2
%
Retail

20

1,764

1.1
%

98.0
%
Mixed use

43

571

7.6
%

78.4
%
Condo/ Co-op

60

261

23.0
%

49.9
%
Other

1

998

0.1
%

35.7
%
Sub-total CRE

$
363

$
6,717

5.4
%

66.7
%

Total Multi-Family and CRE

908

39,533

2.3
%

59.6
%

Other

6

Total

$
914

Company had no full-payment deferrals.

Additionally, the allowance for credit losses on accrued interest receivable on loans, including loans in the deferral program, was $1 million as of ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022.

~~Asset Quality Analysis~~

The following table presents information ~~regarding our consolidated allowance~~on the Company's net charge-offs as compared to average loans outstanding for ~~credit losses on loans and leases, our non-performing assets, and our 30 to 89 days past due loans at September 30, 2021 and December~~the three months ended March 31, ~~2020.~~2022:

(dollars in millions)

At or For the
Nine Months
Ended
September 30, 2021

At or For the
Year
Ended
December 31, 2020

Allowance for Credit Losses on Loan and Leases:

Balance at beginning of period

$
194

$
148

CECL day 1 transition adjustment

—

2

Adjusted allowance for credit losses at January 1

194

150

(Recovery of) provision for credit losses

(1
)

63

Charge-offs:

Multi-family

(1
)

—

Commercial real estate

—

(2
)

One-to-four family residential

(1
)

—

Acquisition, development, and construction

—

—

Other loans

(4
)

(20
)

Total charge-offs

(6
)

(22
)

Recoveries:

Multi-family

—

1

Commercial real estate

2

—

One-to-four family residential

—

—

Acquisition, development, and construction

—

—

Other loans

11

2

Total recoveries

13

3

Net recoveries (charge-offs)

7

(19
)

Balance at end of period

$
200

$
194

Non-Performing Assets:

Non-accrual mortgage loans:

Multi-family

$
8

$
4

Commercial real estate

12

12

One-to-four family residential

1

2

Acquisition, development, and construction

—

—

Total non-accrual mortgage loans

21

18

Other non-accrual loans

7

20

Total non-performing loans

$
28

$
38

Repossessed assets (1)

9

8

Total non-performing assets

$
37

$
46

Asset Quality Measures:

Non-performing loans to total loans

0.06

%

0.09

%
Non-performing assets to total assets

0.06

0.08

Allowance for credit losses to non-performing loans

711.96

513.55

Allowance for credit losses to total loans

0.46

0.45

Net (recoveries) charge-offs during the period to average loans
outstanding during the period

(0.02
)

0.04

Loans 30-89 Days Past Due:

Multi-family

$
426

$
4

Commercial real estate

11

10

One-to-four family residential

10

2

Acquisition, development, and construction

—

—

Other loans

—

—

Total loans 30-89 days past due

$
447

$
16

~~(1)~~

~~Includes $5 million and $7 million of repossessed taxi medallions at September 30, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.~~


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31,			March 31,
(dollars in millions)	2022			2021
Multi-family
Net charge-offs (recoveries) during the period	$	-		$	1
Average amount outstanding	$	34,799		$	32,157
Net charge-offs (recoveries) as a percentage of average loans		0.00	%		0.00	%

Commercial real estate
Net charge-offs (recoveries) during the period	$	4		$	-
Average amount outstanding	$	6,670		$	6,805
Net charge-offs (recoveries) as a percentage of average loans		0.06	%		0.00	%

One-to-Four Family
Net charge-offs (recoveries) during the period	$	-		$	-
Average amount outstanding	$	152		$	223
Net charge-offs (recoveries) as a percentage of average loans		0.00	%		0.00	%

Acquisition, Development and Construction
Net charge-offs (recoveries) during the period	$	-		$	-
Average amount outstanding	$	224		$	95
Net charge-offs (recoveries) as a percentage of average loans		0.00	%		0.00	%

Other Loans
Net charge-offs (recoveries) during the period	$	(2	)	$	(2	)
Average amount outstanding	$	3,962		$	3,456
Net charge-offs (recoveries) as a percentage of average loans		-0.05	%		-0.06	%

Total loans
Net charge-offs (recoveries) during the period	$	2		$	(1	)
Average amount outstanding	$	45,807		$	42,736
Net charge-offs (recoveries) as a percentage of average loans		0.00	%		0.00	%

Geographical Analysis of Non-Performing Loans

The following table presents a geographical analysis of our non-performing loans at ~~September 30, 2021:~~March 31, 2022:


(~~dollars~~ in millions)
New York	$		2757
New Jersey			—
All other states		1	6
Total non-performing loans	$		2863

Securities

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, total securities decreased ~~$179~~$168 million or 12% annualized on a linked-quarter basis to ~~$5.9~~$5.6 billion, compared to ~~$6.1~~$5.8 billion at ~~June 30,~~December 31, 2021. At the end of the current ~~third~~first quarter, total securities represented ~~10.2%~~9.2% of total assets compared to ~~10.6%~~9.7% at the ~~second~~fourth quarter of 2021.

The following table summarizes the weighted average yield of debt securities for the maturities indicated at March 31, 2022:


	Mortgage- Related Securities			U.S. Government and GSE Obligations			State, County, and Municipal			Other Debt Securities (2)

Available-for-Sale Debt Securities: (1)
Due within one year		2.72	%		1.06	%		—	%		1.01	%
Due from one to five years		3.25			3.52			—			2.21
Due from five to ten years		2.51			1.59			3.53			2.42
Due after ten years		1.88			1.62			3.33			1.29
Total debt securities available for sale		2.01			1.58			3.48			1.98

(1)

The weighted average yields are calculated by multiplying each carrying value by its yield and dividing the sum of these results by the total carrying values and are not presented on a tax-equivalent basis.

(2)

Includes corporate bonds, capital trust notes, foreign notes, and asset-backed securities.

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock

As a member of the FHLB-NY, the Bank is required to acquire and hold shares of its capital stock, and to the extent FHLB borrowings are utilized, may further invest in FHLB stock. At ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, the Bank held FHLB-NY stock in the amount of ~~$684~~$679 million and ~~$714~~$734 million, respectively. FHLB-NY stock continued to be valued at par, with no impairment required at that date.

Dividends from the FHLB-NY to the Bank totaled $8$7 million and $9 million, respectively, in the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and ~~2020.~~2021.

Bank-Owned Life Insurance

BOLI is recorded at the total cash surrender value of the policies in the Consolidated Statements of Condition, and the income generated by the increase in the cash surrender value of the policies is recorded in Non-Interest Income in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income. Reflecting an increase in the cash surrender value of the underlying policies, our investment in BOLI increased ~~$14~~$2 million to $1.2 billion at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 from December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

Goodwill

We record goodwill in our Consolidated Statements of Condition in connection with certain of our business combinations. Goodwill, which is tested at least annually for impairment, refers to the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of an acquired company’s assets, net of the liabilities assumed. Goodwill totaled $2.4 billion at both ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. For more information about the Company’s goodwill, see the discussion of “Critical Accounting Policies” earlier in this report.

Sources of Funds

The Parent Company (i.e., the Company on an unconsolidated basis) has three primary funding sources for the payment of dividends, share repurchases, and other corporate uses: dividends paid to the Company by the Bank; capital raised through the issuance of stock; and funding raised through the issuance of debt instruments.

On a consolidated basis, our funding primarily stems from a combination of the following sources: deposits; borrowed funds, primarily in the form of wholesale borrowings; the cash flows generated through the repayment and sale of loans; and the cash flows generated through the repayment and sale of securities.

Loan repayments and sales totaled ~~$7.2~~$2.5 billion in the ~~nine~~three months ended ~~September 30, 2021, down $824~~March 31, 2022, up $186 million from the ~~$8.1~~$2.4 billion recorded in the year-earlier ~~nine~~three months. Cash flows from the repayment and sales of securities totaled ~~$1.4 billion~~$163 million and ~~$2.1 billion,~~$495 million, respectively, in the corresponding periods, while purchases of securities totaled ~~$1.6 billion~~$269 million and ~~$1.5 billion,~~$985 million, respectively.

Deposits

Our ability to retain and attract deposits depends on numerous factors, including customer satisfaction, the rates of interest we pay, the types of products we offer, and the attractiveness of their terms. From time to time, we have chosen not to compete actively for deposits, depending on our access to deposits through acquisitions, the availability of lower-cost funding sources, the impact of competition on pricing, and the need to fund our loan demand.

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, total deposits were ~~$34.6~~$38.0 billion, up ~~$2.2~~$3 billion compared to December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. At the end of the current ~~third~~first quarter, total deposits represented ~~59.8%~~62.2% of total assets, while CDs represented ~~25.2%~~21% of total deposits. The majority, or $1.8 billion of this growth occurred in the non-interest-bearing checking category, as the Company is currently working with its technology partner to bring in additional low cost deposits. These deposits are short-term in nature and related to individual spending patterns. These deposits peaked during the second quarter of 2021 and are expected to run off over the next year.

Included in the ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 balance of deposits were business institutional deposits of ~~$1.5~~$1.7 billion and municipal deposits of ~~$801~~$709 million, as compared to ~~$1.3~~$1.4 billion and ~~$1.0 billion,~~$751 million, respectively, at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. Brokered deposits remained stable at ~~$5.6~~$4.6 billion, including brokered interest bearing checking accounts of ~~$1.5 billion~~$471 million at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and ~~$1.3~~$1.5 billion at December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, brokered money market accounts of ~~$2.8~~$3.0 billion at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and ~~$3.0~~$2.9 billion at December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, and brokered CDs of ~~$1.2~~$1.1 billion at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and ~~$1.0~~$1.2 billion at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. The extent to which we accept brokered deposits depends on various factors, including the availability and pricing of such wholesale funding sources, and the availability and pricing of other sources of funds.

The following table indicates the amount of time deposits, by account, that are in excess of the FDIC insurance limit (currently $250,000) by time remaining until maturity as of March 31, 2022:


	March 31,
(in millions)	2022
Portion of U.S. time deposits in excess of insurance limit	$	2,537
Time deposits otherwise uninsured with a maturity of:
3 months or less	$	596
Over 3 months through 6 months		559
Over 6 months through 12 months		475
Over 12 months		907
Total time deposits otherwise uninsured	$	2,537

Borrowed Funds

Borrowed funds consist primarily of wholesale borrowings (i.e., FHLB-NY advances, repurchase agreements, and federal funds purchased) and, to a far lesser extent, junior subordinated debentures and subordinated notes. As of ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, borrowed funds declined ~~$650 million~~$1.2 billion or 5%30% annualized to ~~$15.4~~$15.3 billion compared to December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, and represented ~~26.7%~~25.1% of total assets at that date. The decrease was mainly due to a decline in wholesale borrowings, consisting primarily of FHLB-NY advances, which declined to ~~$14.8~~$14.7 billion compared to ~~$15.4~~$15.9 billion at year-end ~~2020.~~2021. Also included in wholesale borrowings are repurchase agreements of $800 million, unchanged from the balance at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

Subordinated Notes

On November 6, 2018, the Company issued $300 million aggregate principal amount of its 5.90% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Subordinated Notes due 2028. The Company has used $278 million of the net proceeds from the offering to repurchase shares of its common stock pursuant to its previously announced share repurchase program, and may use the balance of the offering towards the repurchase of its common stock or for other general corporate purposes. The Notes were offered to the public at 100% of their face amount. At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the balance of subordinated notes was $296 million, which excludes certain costs related to their issuance.

Junior Subordinated Debentures

Junior subordinated debentures totaled ~~$360~~$361 million at ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, comparable to the balance at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021.

Risk Definitions

The following section outlines the definitions of interest rate risk, market risk, and liquidity risk, and how the Company manages market and interest rate risk:

Interest Rate Risk – Interest rate risk is the risk to earnings or capital arising from movements in interest rates. Interest rate risk arises from differences between the timing of rate changes and the timing of cash flows (re-pricing risk); from changing rate relationships among different yield curves affecting Company activities (basis risk); from changing rate relationships across the spectrum of maturities (yield curve risk); and from interest-related options embedded in a bank’s products (options risk). The evaluation of interest rate risk must consider the impact of complex, illiquid hedging strategies or products, and also the potential impact on fee income (e.g. prepayment income) which is sensitive to changes in interest rates. In those situations where trading is separately managed, this refers to structural positions and not trading portfolios.

Market Risk – Market risk is the risk to earnings or capital arising from changes in the value of portfolios of financial instruments. This risk arises from market-making, dealing, and position-taking activities in interest rate, foreign exchange, equity, and commodities markets. Many banks use the term “price risk” interchangeably with market risk; this is because market risk focuses on the changes in market factors (e.g., interest rates, market liquidity, and volatilities) that affect the value of traded instruments. The

primary accounts affected by market risk are those which are revalued for financial presentation (e.g., trading accounts for securities, derivatives, and foreign exchange products).

Liquidity Risk – Liquidity risk is the risk to earnings or capital arising from a bank’s inability to meet its obligations when they become due, without incurring unacceptable losses. Liquidity risk includes the inability to manage unplanned decreases or changes in funding sources. Liquidity risk also arises from a bank’s failure to recognize or address changes in market conditions that affect the ability to liquidate assets quickly and with minimal loss in value.

Management of Market and Interest Rate Risk

We manage our assets and liabilities to reduce our exposure to changes in market interest rates. The asset and liability management process has three primary objectives: to evaluate the interest rate risk inherent in certain balance sheet accounts; to determine the appropriate level of risk, given our business strategy, risk appetite, operating environment, capital and liquidity requirements, and performance objectives; and to manage that risk in a manner consistent with guidelines approved by the Boards of Directors of the Company and the Bank.

Market and Interest Rate Risk

As a financial institution, we are focused on reducing our exposure to interest rate volatility. Changes in interest rates pose one of the greatest challenges to our financial performance, as such changes can have a significant impact on the level of income and expense recorded on a large portion of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and on the market value of all interest-earning assets, other than those possessing a short term to maturity. To reduce our exposure to changing rates, the Boards of Directors and management monitor interest rate sensitivity on a regular or as needed basis so that adjustments to the asset and liability mix can be made when deemed appropriate.

The actual duration of held-for-investment mortgage loans and mortgage-related securities can be significantly impacted by changes in prepayment levels and market interest rates. The level of prepayments may be impacted by a variety of factors, including the economy in the region where the underlying mortgages were originated; seasonal factors; demographic variables; and the assumability of the underlying mortgages. However, the largest determinants of prepayments are interest rates and the availability of refinancing opportunities.

We manage our interest rate risk by taking the following actions: continue to emphasize the origination and retention of intermediate-term assets, primarily in the form of multi-family and CRE loans; continue to originate certain floating rate C&I loans; depending on funding needs, replace maturing wholesale borrowings with longer term borrowings; and as needed, execute interest rate swaps.

LIBOR Transition ~~and Phase-Out~~Process

~~On July 27,~~The discontinuation of LIBOR has been developing since 2017 when the ~~U.K.~~United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority ~~(FCA), which regulates~~(“FCA”) first called for LIBOR ~~announced that it will no longer request banks~~ to ~~submit rates for the calculation of LIBOR after~~be phased out by 2021. ~~On November 30, 2020~~Currently, the ICE Benchmark Administration, ~~(“IBA”) announced they will extend~~ the publisher of LIBOR, provided notification that it would discontinue publication of ~~most~~the one-week and two-month US Dollar LIBOR ~~(“USD LIBOR”) through~~on December 31, 2021, and discontinue publication of overnight, one-month, three-month, six-month, and twelve-month U.S Dollar LIBORs on June 30, ~~2023. The FRB established~~2023, although its use for new business will be restricted from end-2021, with limited exceptions.

In October 2020, the International Swaps and Derivatives Association announced fallback language for derivative contracts incorporating SOFR, as well as a process by which counterparties to such contracts could elect to apply the fallback language to existing derivatives on or after January 25, 2021. SOFR was identified by the Alternative Reference ~~Rate~~Rates Committee ~~(“ARRC”)~~(ARRC), ~~comprised of~~ a group of ~~private market~~private-market participants ~~and other members, representing banks and financial sector regulators,~~convened to ~~identify~~help ensure a ~~set~~successful transition from LIBOR in the United States, as the recommended replacement to US Dollar LIBOR in the United States. The adoption of ~~alternative reference rates~~the fallback protocols does not change the index for ~~potential use as benchmarks. The FRB-NY has established the Secured Oversight Finance Rate or "SOFR" as its recommended alternative to~~subject agreements from LIBOR ~~and it is anticipated that LIBOR will be phased out by the end of 2021. In addition~~ to SOFR, but simply creates the ~~Company is evaluating alternatives other than SOFR as a potential alternative~~legal framework for the appropriate mechanisms to ~~LIBOR.~~occur in the future.

The Bank ~~has~~ established a sub-committee of ~~its~~ ALCO to address issues related to the ~~phase-out~~phase out and transition away from LIBOR. ~~This~~The sub-committee is led by our Chief Financial Officer and consists of personnel from various departments throughout the ~~Bank including lending, loan administration, credit risk management, finance/treasury, including interest rate risk and liquidity management, information technology, and operations.~~

Bank. The Company has identified certain LIBOR-based contracts that extend beyond June 30, 2023, ~~included in~~which may include loans and leases, securities, wholesale borrowings, derivative financial instruments, and long-term debt. The sub-committee has reviewed ~~contract~~the associated contracts and legal agreements for conformance to the ARRC aligned fallback language and noted that certain contracts will ~~need updated provisions for~~require some form of standardization in accordance with LIBOR transition recommended fallback provisions.

The FRB, the ~~transition~~FDIC, and ~~is coordinating~~the OCC issued supervisory guidance encouraging banks to cease entering into new contracts that use USD LIBOR as a reference rate as soon as practicable and in any event by December 31, 2021. In accordance with ~~impacted business lines. In complying with industry requirements, the Bank will not offer new LIBOR based production~~guidance, as of after December 31, ~~2021.~~

2021 the Bank does not offer LIBOR indexed products. Additionally, the Company is evaluating various alternative indices as potential alternatives to SOFR.

Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis

The matching of assets and liabilities may be analyzed by examining the extent to which such assets and liabilities are “interest rate sensitive” and by monitoring a bank’s interest rate sensitivity “gap.” An asset or liability is said to be interest rate sensitive within a specific time frame if it will mature or reprice within that period of time. The interest rate sensitivity gap is defined as the difference between the amount of interest-earning assets maturing or repricing within a specific time frame and the amount of interest-bearing liabilities maturing or repricing within that same period of time.

In a rising interest rate environment, an institution with a negative gap would generally be expected, absent the effects of other factors, to experience a greater increase in the cost of its interest-bearing liabilities than it would in the yield on its interest-earning assets, thus producing a decline in its net interest income. Conversely, in a declining rate environment, an institution with a negative gap would generally be expected to experience a lesser reduction in the yield on its interest-earning assets than it would in the cost of its interest-bearing liabilities, thus producing an increase in its net interest income.

In a rising interest rate environment, an institution with a positive gap would generally be expected to experience a greater increase in the yield on its interest-earning assets than it would in the cost of its interest-bearing liabilities, thus producing an increase in its net interest income. Conversely, in a declining rate environment, an institution with a positive gap would generally be expected to experience a lesser reduction in the cost of its interest-bearing liabilities than it would in the yield on its interest-earning assets, thus producing a decline in its net interest income.

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, our one-year gap was a negative ~~6.14%~~14.75%, compared to a negative ~~4.94%~~7.43% at December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. The change in our one-year gap from December 31, ~~2020,~~2021, primarily reflects a decrease in ~~mortgage~~loans resulting from a decrease in forecasted prepayment rates and ~~other loans expected to mature or reprice within one year.~~an increase in non-CD deposit products.

The table on the following page sets forth the amounts of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities outstanding at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 which, based on certain assumptions stemming from our historical experience, are expected to reprice or mature in each of the future time periods shown. Except as stated below, the amounts of assets and liabilities shown as repricing or maturing during a particular time period were determined in accordance with the earlier of (1) the term to repricing, or (2) the contractual terms of the asset or liability.

The table provides an approximation of the projected repricing of assets and liabilities at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 on the basis of contractual maturities, anticipated prepayments, and scheduled rate adjustments within a three-month period and subsequent selected

time intervals. For residential mortgage-related securities, prepayment rates are forecasted at a weighted average CPR of ~~18.52%~~7.93% per annum; for multi-family and CRE loans, prepayment rates are forecasted at weighted average CPRs of ~~16.14%~~9.02% and ~~12.98%~~7.87% per annum, respectively. Borrowed funds were not assumed to prepay.

Savings, interest bearing checking and money market accounts were assumed to decay based on a comprehensive statistical analysis that incorporated our historical deposit experience. Based on the results of this analysis, savings accounts were assumed to decay at a rate of ~~77%~~68% for the first five years and ~~23%~~32% for years six through ten. Interest-bearing checking accounts were assumed to decay at a rate of ~~81%~~79% for the first five years and ~~19%~~21% for years six through ten. The decay assumptions reflect the prolonged low interest rate environment and the uncertainty regarding future depositor behavior. Including those accounts having specified repricing dates, money market accounts were assumed to decay at a rate of ~~91%~~79% for the first five years and 9%21% for years six through ten.

At September 30, 2021

(dollars in millions)

Three
Months
or Less

Four to
Twelve
Months

More Than
One Year
to Three
Years

More Than
Three Years
to Five
Years

More Than
Five Years
to 10 Years

More Than
10 Years

Total

INTEREST-EARNING
   ASSETS:

Mortgage and other loans (1)

$
7,764

$
5,957

$
16,323

$
10,154

$
3,461

$
—

$
43,659

Mortgage-related
   securities (2)(3)

282

434

862

534

599

269

2,980

Other securities (2)

1,915

153

63

134

1,337

-

3,602

Interest-earning cash
  and cash equivalents

2,390

-

-

-

-

-

2,390

Total interest-earning assets

12,351

6,544

17,248

10,822

5,397

269

52,631

INTEREST-BEARING
   LIABILITIES:

Interest-bearing checking and
   money market accounts

7,057

852

2,375

901

1,843

-

13,028

Savings accounts

2,448

2,466

709

536

1,820

-

7,979

Certificates of deposit

3,630

3,957

1,072

65

-

-

8,724

Borrowed funds

587

1,450

4,725

250

8,279

143

15,434

Total interest-bearing
   liabilities

13,722

8,725

8,881

1,752

11,942

143

45,165

Interest rate sensitivity gap
   per period (4)

$
(1,371
)

$
(2,181
)

$
8,367

$
9,070

$
(6,545
)

$
126

$
7,466

Cumulative interest rate
   sensitivity gap

$
(1,371
)

$
(3,552
)

$
4,815

$
13,885

$
7,340

$
7,466

Cumulative interest rate
   sensitivity gap as a
   percentage of total assets

-2.37
%

-6.14
%

8.32
%

23.99
%

12.68
%

12.90
%

Cumulative net interest-
   earning assets as a
   percentage of net interest-
   bearing
   liabilities

90.01
%

84.18
%

115.37
%

141.97
%

116.30
%

116.53
%


		At March 31, 2022
(dollars in millions)		Three Months or Less					Four to Twelve Months					More Than One Year to Three Years					More Than Three Years to Five Years				More Than Five Years to 10 Years					More Than 10 Years				Total
INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS:
Mortgage and other loans (1)	$		5,910			$		6,585			$		14,274			$		12,853		$		7,073			$		—		$		46,695
Mortgage-related securities (2)(3)			184					216					471					436				569					740				2,616
Other securities (2)			1,956					245					59					47				533					835				3,675
Interest-earning cash, cash equivalents and due from banks			2,708					—					—					—				—					—				2,708
Total interest-earning assets			10,758					7,046					14,804					13,336				8,175					1,575				55,694
INTEREST-BEARING LIABILITIES:
Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts			9,638					379					2,279					646				3,418					—				16,360
Savings accounts			2,952					2,667					374					290				2,989					—				9,272
Certificates of deposit			3,079					3,856					893					61				—					—				7,889
Borrowed funds			2,279					1,950					3,650					—				7,315					143				15,337
Total interest-bearing liabilities			17,948					8,852					7,196					997				13,722					143				48,858
Interest rate sensitivity gap per period (4)	$		(7,190	)		$		(1,806	)		$		7,608			$		12,339		$		(5,547	)		$		1,432		$		6,836
Cumulative interest rate sensitivity gap	$		(7,190	)		$		(8,996	)		$		(1,388	)		$		10,951		$		5,404			$		6,836
Cumulative interest rate sensitivity gap as a percentage of total assets			(11.79	)	%			(14.75	)	%			(2.28	)	%			17.95	%			8.86		%			11.21	%
Cumulative net interest-earning assets as a percentage of net interest-bearing liabilities			59.94		%			66.43		%			95.92		%			131.29	%			111.10		%			113.99	%

(1)

For the purpose of the gap analysis, loans held for sale, non-performing loans and the allowances for loan losses have been excluded.

(2)

Mortgage-related and other securities, including FHLB stock, are shown at their respective carrying amounts.

(3)

Expected amount based, in part, on historical experience.

(4)

The interest rate sensitivity gap per period represents the difference between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.

Prepayment and deposit decay rates can have a significant impact on our estimated gap. While we believe our assumptions to be reasonable, there can be no assurance that the assumed prepayment and decay rates will approximate actual future loan and securities prepayments and deposit withdrawal activity.

To validate our prepayment assumptions for our multi-family and CRE loan portfolios, we perform a quarterly analysis, during which we review our historical prepayment rates and compare them to our projected prepayment rates. We continually review the actual prepayment rates to ensure that our projections are as accurate as possible, since prepayments on these types of loans are not as closely correlated to changes in interest rates as prepayments on one-to-four family loans tend to be. In addition, we review the call provisions, if any, in our borrowings and investment portfolios and, on a monthly basis, compare the actual calls to our projected calls to ensure that our projections are reasonable.

As of ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the impact of a 100 bp decline in market interest rates ~~for our loans~~ would have had very little impact on prepayment speeds due to the current low interest rates and current coupons being floored at base rates. The impact of a 100 bp increase in market interest rates would have decreasedincreased our projected prepayment rates for multi-family and CRE loans by a constant prepayment rate of ~~3.61%~~2.68% per annum.

Certain shortcomings are inherent in the method of analysis presented in the preceding Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis. For example, although certain assets and liabilities may have similar maturities or periods to repricing, they may react in different degrees to changes in market interest rates. The interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities may fluctuate in advance of the market, while interest rates on other types may lag behind changes in market interest rates. Additionally, certain assets, such as adjustable-rate loans, have features that restrict changes in interest rates both on a short-term basis and over the life of the asset. Furthermore, in the event of a change in interest rates, prepayment and early withdrawal levels would likely deviate from those assumed in calculating the table. Also, the ability of some borrowers to repay their adjustable-rate loans may be adversely impacted by an increase in market interest rates.

Interest rate sensitivity is also monitored through the use of a model that generates estimates of the change in our Economic Value of Equity (“EVE”) over a range of interest rate scenarios. EVE is defined as the net present value of expected cash flows from assets, liabilities, and off-balance sheet contracts. The EVE ratio, under any interest rate scenario, is defined as the EVE in that scenario divided by the market value of assets in the same scenario. The model assumes estimated loan prepayment rates, reinvestment rates, and deposit decay rates similar to those utilized in formulating the preceding Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis.

Based on the information and assumptions in effect at ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the following table reflects the estimated percentage change in our EVE, assuming the changes in interest rates noted:


Change in Interest Rates (in basis ~~(in basis~~ points)(1)		Estimated Percentage Change in Economic Value of Equity
~~+100~~-100 over one year		~~-3.98%~~-0.12%
+~~200~~100 over one year		~~-14.32%~~-6.94%
+ 200 over one year		-14.96%

(1)

The impact of ~~a 100 bp and~~ a 200 bp reduction in interest rates is not presented in view of the current level of the federal funds rate and other short-term interest rates.

The net changes in EVE presented in the preceding table are within the parameters approved by the Boards of Directors of the Company and the Bank.

As with the Interest Rate Sensitivity Analysis, certain shortcomings are inherent in the methodology used in the preceding interest rate risk measurements. Modeling changes in EVE requires that certain assumptions be made which may or may not reflect the manner in which actual yields and costs respond to changes in market interest rates. In this regard, the EVE Analysis presented above assumes that the composition of our interest rate sensitive assets and liabilities existing at the beginning of a period remains constant over the period being measured, and also assumes that a particular change in interest rates is reflected uniformly across the yield curve, regardless of the duration to maturity or repricing of specific assets and liabilities. Furthermore, the model does not take into account the benefit of any strategic actions we may take to further reduce our exposure to interest rate risk. Accordingly, while the EVE Analysis provides an indication of our interest rate risk exposure at a particular point in time, such measurements are not intended to, and do not, provide a precise forecast of the effect of changes in market interest rates on our net interest income, and may very well differ from actual results.

We also utilize an internal net interest income simulation to manage our sensitivity to interest rate risk. The simulation incorporates various market-based assumptions regarding the impact of changing interest rates on future levels of our financial assets and liabilities. The assumptions used in the net interest income simulation are inherently uncertain. Actual results may differ significantly from those presented in the following table, due to the frequency, timing, and magnitude of changes in interest rates; changes in spreads between maturity and repricing categories; and prepayments, among other factors, coupled with any actions taken to counter the effects of any such changes.

Based on the information and assumptions in effect at ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the following table reflects the estimated percentage change in future net interest income for the next twelve months, assuming the changes in interest rates noted:


Change in Interest Rates (in basis points)(1)(2)		Estimated Percentage Change in Future Net Interest Income
~~+100~~-100 over one year		~~-1.56%~~3.15%
+~~200~~100 over one year		~~-4.15%~~-5.49%
+200 over one year		-10.16%

(1)

In general, short- and long-term rates are assumed to increase in parallel fashion across all four quarters and then remain unchanged.

(2)

The impact of ~~a 100 bp and~~ a 200 bp reduction in interest rates is not presented in view of the current level of the federal funds rate and other short-term interest rates.

Future changes in our mix of assets and liabilities may result in greater changes to our gap, NPV, and/or net interest income simulation.

In the event that our EVE and net interest income sensitivities were to breach our internal policy limits, we would undertake the following actions to ensure that appropriate remedial measures were put in place:

•

Our ALCO Committee would inform the Board of Directors of the variance, and present recommendations to the Board regarding proposed courses of action to restore conditions to within-policy tolerances.

•

In formulating appropriate strategies, the ALCO Committee would ascertain the primary causes of the variance from policy tolerances, the expected term of such conditions, and the projected effect on capital and earnings.

Where temporary changes in market conditions or volume levels result in significant increases in risk, strategies may involve reducing open positions or employing synthetic hedging techniques to more immediately reduce risk exposure. Where variance from policy tolerances is triggered by more fundamental imbalances in the risk profiles of core loan and deposit products, a remedial strategy may involve restoring balance through natural hedges to the extent possible before employing synthetic hedging techniques. Other strategies might include:

•

Asset restructuring, involving sales of assets having higher risk profiles, or a gradual restructuring of the asset mix over time to affect the maturity or repricing schedule of assets;

•

Liability restructuring, whereby product offerings and pricing are altered or wholesale borrowings are employed to affect the maturity structure or repricing of liabilities;

•

Expansion or shrinkage of the balance sheet to correct imbalances in the repricing or maturity periods between assets and liabilities; and/or

•

Use or alteration of off-balance sheet positions, including interest rate swaps, caps, floors, options, and forward purchase or sales commitments.

In connection with our net interest income simulation modeling, we also evaluate the impact of changes in the slope of the yield curve. At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, our analysis indicated that an immediate inversion of the yield curve would be expected to result in a ~~7.37%~~(5.21)% decrease in net interest income; conversely, an immediate steepening of the yield curve would be expected to result in a ~~0.73%~~(0.01)% increase in net interest income. It should be noted that the yield curve changes in these scenarios were updated, given the changing market rate environment, which resulted in an increase in the income sensitivity.

Liquidity, Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Commitments and Capital Position

Liquidity

We manage our liquidity to ensure that our cash flows are sufficient to support our operations, and to compensate for any temporary mismatches between sources and uses of funds caused by variable loan and deposit demand.

We monitor our liquidity daily to ensure that sufficient funds are available to meet our financial obligations. Our most liquid assets are cash and cash equivalents, which totaled ~~$2.5~~$2.9 billion and ~~$1.9~~$2.2 billion, respectively, at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 and December 31, ~~2020.~~2021. As in the past, our ~~portfolios of loans~~loan and securities portfolios provided meaningful liquidity in ~~the first nine months of the year,~~2022, with

cash flows from the repayment and sale of loans totaling ~~$7.2~~$2.5 billion and cash flows from the repayment and sale of securities totaling ~~$1.4 billion.~~$163 million.

Additional liquidity stems from ~~the retail, institutional, and municipal~~ deposits ~~we gather~~ and from our use of wholesale funding sources, including brokered deposits and wholesale borrowings. ~~We also~~In addition, we have access to the Bank’s approved lines of credit with various counterparties, including the FHLB-NY. The availability of these wholesale funding sources is generally based on the ~~available~~ amount of mortgage loan collateral available under a blanket lien we have pledged to the respective institutions and, to a lesser extent, the ~~available~~ amount of available securities that may be pledged to collateralize our borrowings. At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, our available borrowing capacity with the FHLB-NY was ~~$8.3~~$9.2 billion. In addition, the ~~Company~~Bank had ~~$5.9~~available-for-sale securities of $5.6 billion, of ~~available-for-sale securities, at that date, of~~ which, ~~$4.7~~$4.6 billion ~~was unencumbered.~~is unpledged.

Furthermore, the Bank has ~~an agreement~~agreements with the FRB-NY that ~~enables~~enable it to access the discount window as a further means of enhancing ~~liquidity if need be.~~their liquidity. In connection with ~~the agreement,~~these agreements, the Bank has pledged certain loans and securities to collateralize any funds ~~that~~they may ~~be borrowed.~~borrow. At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the maximum amount the Bank could borrow from the FRB-NY was ~~$1.1~~$1.5 billion. There were no borrowings ~~outstanding~~against these lines of credit at ~~that date.~~March 31, 2022.

Our primary investing activity is loan ~~production. In the third quarter of 2021,~~production, and the volume of loans we originated for investment ~~was $3.0 billion.~~totaled $3.5 billion in 2022. During this time, the net cash used in investing activities totaled ~~$757 million. Our operating activities provided net cash of $75 million, while~~$1.1 billion; the net cash provided by our operating activities totaled $185 million. Our financing activities ~~totaled $1.3~~provided net cash of $1.6 billion.

CDs due to mature or reprice in one year or less ~~as of September 30, 2021~~from March 31, 2022 totaled ~~$7.6~~$6.9 billion, representing ~~87%~~88% of total CDs at that date. Our ability to attract and retain ~~these~~retail deposits, including CDs, ~~and to attract new deposits~~ depends on numerous factors, including, ~~customer~~among others, the convenience of our branches and our other banking channels; our customers’ satisfaction with the service they receive; the rates of interest we ~~pay on our deposits,~~offer; the types of products we ~~offer,~~feature; and the attractiveness of their terms. ~~However, there are times when we may choose not~~

Our decision to compete for ~~such~~ deposits ~~depending~~also depends on numerous factors, including, among others, our access to deposits through acquisitions, the availability of lower-cost funding sources, the ~~competitiveness~~impact of ~~the market and its impact~~competition on pricing, and ~~our~~the need ~~for such deposits~~ to fund our loan ~~demand, as previously discussed.~~demand.

The Parent Company is a separate legal entity from the Bank and must provide for its own liquidity. In addition to operating expenses and any share repurchases, the Parent Company is responsible for paying any dividends declared to our ~~shareholders.~~stockholders. As a Delaware corporation, the Parent Company is able to pay dividends either from surplus or, in case there is no surplus, from net profits for the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and/or the preceding fiscal year.

The Parent Company’s ability to pay dividends may also depend, in part, upon dividends it receives from the Bank. The ability of the Bank to pay dividends and other capital distributions to the Parent Company is generally limited by New York State Banking Law and regulations, and by certain regulations of the FDIC. In addition, the Superintendent of the New York State Department of Financial Services (the “Superintendent”), the FDIC, and the FRB, for reasons of safety and soundness, may prohibit the payment of dividends that are otherwise permissible by regulations.

Under New York State Banking Law, a New York State-chartered stock-form savings bank or commercial bank may declare and pay dividends out of its net profits, unless there is an impairment of capital. However, the approval of the Superintendent is required if the total of all dividends declared in a calendar year would exceed the total of a bank’s net profits for that year, combined with its retained net profits for the preceding two years.

In ~~the nine months ended September 30, 2021,~~2022, the Bank paid dividends totaling ~~$285~~$95 million to the Parent Company, leaving ~~$405~~$488 million ~~they~~that it could dividend to the Parent Company without regulatory approval at ~~that date.~~year-end. Additional sources of liquidity available to the Parent Company at ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 included ~~$139~~$140 million in cash and cash equivalents. If the Bank was to apply to the Superintendent for approval to make a dividend or capital distribution in excess of the dividend amounts permitted under the regulations, there can be no assurance that such application would be approved.

Contractual Obligations and Off-Balance Sheet Commitments

In the normal course of business, we enter into a variety of contractual obligations in order to manage our assets and liabilities, fund loan growth, operate our branch network, and address our capital needs.

For example, we offer CDs with contractual terms to our customers, and borrow funds under contract from the FHLB-NY and various brokerage firms. These contractual obligations are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Condition under “Deposits” and “Borrowed funds,” respectively. At March 31, 2022, we had CDs of $7.9 billion and long-term debt (defined as borrowed funds with an original maturity one year or more) of $10.6 billion.

At March 31, 2022, we also had commitments to extend credit in the form of mortgage and other loan originations, as well as commercial, performance stand-by, and financial stand-by letters of credit, totaling $4.5 billion. These off-balance sheet commitments consist of agreements to extend credit, as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract under which the loan is made. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require the payment of a fee.

The letters of credit we issue consist of performance stand-by, financial stand-by, and commercial letters of credit. Financial stand-by letters of credit primarily are issued for the benefit of other financial institutions, municipalities, or landlords on behalf of certain of our current borrowers, and obligate us to guarantee payment of a specified financial obligation. Performance stand-by letters of credit are primarily issued for the benefit of local municipalities on behalf of certain of our borrowers. Performance letters of credit obligate us to make payments in the event that a specified third party fails to perform under non-financial contractual obligations. Commercial letters of credit act as a means of ensuring payment to a seller upon shipment of goods to a buyer. Although commercial letters of credit are used to effect payment for domestic transactions, the majority are used to settle payments in international trade. Typically, such letters of credit require the presentation of documents that describe the commercial transaction, and provide evidence of shipment and the transfer of title. The fees we collect in connection with the issuance of letters of credit are included in “Fee income” in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income.

Based upon our current liquidity position, we expect that our funding will be sufficient to fulfill these cash obligations and commitments when they are due both in the short term and long term.

For the three months ended March 31, 2022, we did not engage in any off-balance sheet transactions reasonably likely to have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

At March 31, 2022, we had no commitments to purchase securities.

Capital Position

On March 17, 2017, we issued 515,000 shares of preferred stock. The offering generated capital of $503 million, net of underwriting and other issuance costs, for general corporate purposes, with the bulk of the proceeds being distributed to the Bank.

On October 24, 2018, the Company announced that it had received regulatory approval to repurchase its common stock. Accordingly, the Board of Directors approved a $300 million common share repurchase program. The repurchase program was funded through the issuance of a like amount of subordinated notes. As of ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the Company has repurchased a total of 28.9 million shares at an average price of $9.63 or an aggregate purchase price of $278 million, leaving $17 million remaining under the current authorization.

Stockholders’ equity, common stockholders’ equity, and tangible common stockholders’ equity include AOCL, which decreased ~~$67~~$199 million from the balance at the end of last year and ~~$67~~$162 million from the year-ago quarter to ~~$92~~$284 million at ~~September 30, 2021.~~March 31, 2022. The year-to-date decrease was primarily the result of an ~~$89~~$215 million change in the net unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities, net of tax, and a ~~$15~~$16 million change in the net unrealized loss on cash flow hedges, net of tax, to ~~$18~~$7 million.

Regulatory Capital

The Bank is subject to regulation, examination, and supervision by the NYSDFS and the FDIC (the “Regulators”). The Bank is also governed by numerous federal and state laws and regulations, including the FDIC Improvement Act of 1991, which established five categories of capital adequacy ranging from “well capitalized” to “critically undercapitalized.” Such classifications are used by the FDIC to determine various matters, including prompt corrective action and each institution’s FDIC deposit insurance premium assessments. Capital amounts and classifications are also subject to the Regulators’ qualitative judgments about the components of capital and risk weightings, among other factors.

The quantitative measures established to ensure capital adequacy require that banks maintain minimum amounts and ratios of leverage capital to average assets and of common equity tier 1 capital, tier 1 capital, and total capital to risk-weighted assets (as such measures are defined in the regulations). At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, our capital measures continued to exceed the minimum federal requirements for a bank holding company and for a bank. The following table sets forth our common equity tier 1, tier 1 risk-based, total risk-based, and leverage capital amounts and ratios on a consolidated basis and for the Bank on a stand-alone basis, as well as the respective minimum regulatory capital requirements, at that date:

Regulatory Capital Analysis (the Company)


	Risk-Based Capital																				Risk-Based Capital
At September 30, 2021	Common Equity Tier 1					Tier 1					Total					Leverage Capital
At March 31, 2022																					Common Equity Tier 1					Tier 1					Total					Leverage Capital
(dollars in millions)	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
Total capital	$	4,156		9.92	%	$	4,659		11.13	%	$	5,488		13.11	%	$	4,659		8.50	%	$	4,284		9.45	%	$	4,787		10.55	%	$	5,619		12.39	%	$	4,787		8.33	%
Minimum for capital adequacy purposes		1,884		4.50			2,513		6.00			3,350		8.00			2,191		4.00			2,041		4.50			2,721		6.00			3,629		8.00			2,298		4.00
Excess	$	2,272		5.42	%	$	2,146		5.13	%	$	2,138		5.11	%	$	2,468		4.50	%	$	2,243		4.95	%	$	2,066		4.55	%	$	1,990		4.39	%	$	2,489		4.33	%

Regulatory Capital Analysis (New York Community Bank)


	Risk-Based Capital																				Risk-Based Capital
At September 30, 2021	Common Equity Tier 1					Tier 1					Total					Leverage Capital
At March 31, 2022																					Common Equity Tier 1					Tier 1					Total					Leverage Capital
(dollars in millions)	Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio			Amount		Ratio
Total capital	$	5,153		12.32	%	$	5,153		12.32	%	$	5,339		12.76	%	$	5,153		9.41	%	$	5,280		11.65	%	$	5,280		11.65	%	$	5,468		12.07	%	$	5,280		9.20	%
Minimum for capital adequacy purposes		1,883		4.50			2,510		6.00			3,347		8.00			2,191		4.00			2,039		4.50			2,719		6.00			3,626		8.00			2,296		4.00
Excess	$	3,270		7.82	%	$	2,643		6.32	%	$	1,992		4.76	%	$	2,962		5.41	%	$	3,241		7.15	%	$	2,561		5.65	%	$	1,842		4.07	%	$	2,984		5.20	%

At ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, our total risk-based capital ratio exceeded the minimum requirement for capital adequacy purposes by ~~513~~439 bps and the fully-phased in capital conservation buffer by ~~263~~189 bps.

The Bank also exceeded the minimum capital requirements to be categorized as “Well Capitalized.” To be categorized as well capitalized, a bank must maintain a minimum common equity tier 1 ratio of 6.50%; a minimum tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 8.00%; a minimum total risk-based capital ratio of 10.00%; and a minimum leverage capital ratio of 5.00%.

Earnings Summary for the Three Months Ended ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022

Net income for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 totaled ~~$149~~$155 million, up ~~28%~~$10 million or 7% compared to ~~the $116 million the Company reported for~~ the three months ended ~~September 30, 2020.~~March 31, 2021. Net income available to common shareholders was $147 million, also up $10 million or 7% compared to the three months ended March 31, 2021. Both net income and net income available to common shareholders for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021 totaled $140~~March 31, 2022 include $5 million ~~up 31% compared to the $107 million recorded for the three months ended September 30, 2020. Diluted earnings~~of merger-related expenses on an after tax basis. On a per ~~common~~ share ~~for the three months ended September 30, 2021 were $0.30, up 30% compared to the $0.23~~basis, the Company reported ~~for~~diluted EPS of $0.31 compared to $0.29 in the ~~three months ended September 30, 2020.~~

year-ago quarter, up 7%.

Net Interest Income

Net interest income is our primary source of income. Its level is a function of the average balance of our interest-earning assets, the average balance of our interest-bearing liabilities, and the spread between the yield on such assets and the cost of such liabilities. These factors are influenced by both the pricing and mix of our interest-earning assets and our interest-bearing liabilities which, in turn, are impacted by various external factors, including the local economy, competition for loans and deposits, the monetary policy of the FOMC, and market interest rates.

Net interest income is also influenced by the level of prepayment income primarily generated in connection with the prepayment of our multi-family and CRE loans, as well as securities. Since prepayment income is recorded as interest income, an increase or decrease in its level will also be reflected in the average yields (as applicable) on our loans, securities, and interest-earning assets, and therefore in our interest rate spread and net interest margin.

It should be noted that the level of prepayment income on loans recorded in any given period depends on the volume of loans that refinance or prepay during that time. Such activity is largely dependent on such external factors as current market conditions, including real estate values, and the perceived or actual direction of market interest rates. In addition, while a decline in market interest rates may trigger an increase in refinancing and, therefore, prepayment income, so too may an increase in market interest rates. It is not unusual for borrowers to lock in lower interest rates when they expect, or see, that market interest rates are rising rather than risk refinancing later at a still higher interest rate.

Year-Over-Year Comparison

Net interest income for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021 increased $36~~March 31, 2022 rose $14 million or ~~13% on a year-over-year basis~~4% to ~~$318 million. This increase was the result of a 29% decrease or $39 million decrease in interest expense to $97~~$332 million compared to the three months ended ~~September 30, 2020, partially offset by a 1%~~March 31, 2021. This was the combined result of an $8 million or ~~$3 million decrease~~8% decline in interest ~~income to $415~~expense and a $6 million ~~compared to the three months ended September 30, 2020.~~or 1% increase in interest income.

Details of the change in net interest income are as follows:

•

Interest income on ~~mortgage~~loans and ~~other loans, net~~leases was ~~$376~~$393 million, ~~down $4~~up $10 million or 1%3% on a year-over-year basis, while interest income on securities ~~totaled $37 million, down $1~~declined $4 million or ~~3% on a year-over-year basis.~~



The year-over-year decrease in interest income on loans was due to a 12 bp decrease in the average loan yield to 3.48%, partially offset by an $857 million or 2% increase in the average loan balance to $43.2 billion.



~~Average securities balances rose $909 million to $6.7 billion on a year-over-year basis, while the average yield on securities declined 39 bp to 2.21%.~~



~~Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits decreased $35 million or 57%~~11% on a year-over-year basis to ~~$26~~$34 million.

•

The year-over-year increase in interest income was due to a $3.5 billion or 7% increase in average interest-earnings assets to $54.6 billion largely due to a $3.1 billion increase in average loans. This was partially offset by a 17 basis point decrease in the average yield to 3.15%.

•

Average securities balances were relatively unchanged at $6.5 billion. However, the average yield fell 24 basis points to 2.12%.

•

Interest expense on average interest-bearing deposits declined $6 million or 18% to $27 million driven by ~~a 50 bp decline~~an 11 basis point decrease in the average cost of deposits offset by an increase in the average balance of interest-bearing deposits to ~~0.35%, while average interest-bearing deposit balances increased $832 million~~$31.1 billion, up $1.7 billion or ~~3% to $29.5 billion on a year-over-year basis.~~6%.

•

Average non-interest bearing ~~deposit balances~~deposits increased ~~$1.5~~$1.2 billion or ~~49%~~35% to ~~$4.5 billion on a year-over-year basis.~~$4.4 billion.

•

Interest expense on borrowed funds ~~declined $4~~decreased $2 million ~~or 5%~~ to ~~$71~~$70 million ongiven a ~~year-over-year~~10 basis ~~driven by a 13 bp~~point decline in the average cost of borrowings to ~~1.84%, while~~1.72% offset by a $568 million or 4% increase in the average borrowings ~~balance rose $390 million or 3% to $15.5 billion.~~balance.

Net Interest Margin

During the ~~third quarter,~~three months ended March 31, 2022, the ~~Company's~~ NIM ~~improved~~was 2.43%, down five basis points on a year-over-year basis ~~in line with~~and down one basis point on a linked-quarter basis.

Prepayment income contributed eight basis points to the ~~year-over-year improvement in net interest income. For~~current quarter's NIM, down seven basis points compared to the ~~three months ended September 30, 2021,~~first quarter of last year and down four basis points compared to the fourth quarter of last year. Excluding the impact from prepayment income, the NIM ~~increased 15 bp~~on a non-GAAP basis was 2.35%, up two basis points compared to ~~2.44%.~~the year-ago quarter.

The following table summarizes the contribution of loan and securities prepayment income on the Company’s interest income and NIM for the respective periods:


	For the Three Months Ended
(dollars in millions)	March 31, 2022			March 31, 2021			Change (%)
Total Interest Income	$	429		$	423			1		%
Prepayment Income:
Loans	$	11		$	19			(42	)	%
Securities		—			1		NM			%
Total prepayment income	$	11		$	20			(45	)	%
GAAP Net Interest Margin	2.43		%	2.48		%	-5			bp
Less:
Prepayment income from loans	-8		bp	-15		bp	7			bp
Prepayment income from securities		—			—			—		bp
Total prepayment income contribution to net interest margin	-8		bp	-15		bp	7			bp
Adjusted Net Interest Margin (non-GAAP)		2.35	%		2.33	%	2			bp

For the Three Months Ended

September 30, 2021
compared to

September 30,

June 30,

September 30,

June 30,

September 30,

2021

2021

2020

2021

2020

(dollars in millions)

Total Interest Income

$
415

$
431

$
418

-4
%

-1
%

Prepayment Income:

Loans

$
15

$
22

$
12

-32
%

25
%

Securities

1

5

—

-80
%

NM

Total prepayment income

$
16

$
27

$
12

-41
%

33
%

GAAP Net Interest Margin

2.44
%

2.50
%

2.29
%

-6

bp
15

bp

The following table sets forth certain information regarding our average balance sheet for the three-month periods, including the average yields on our interest-earning assets and the average costs of our interest-bearing liabilities. Average yields are calculated by dividing the interest income produced by the average balance of interest-earning assets. Average costs are calculated by dividing the interest expense produced by the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities. The average balances for the quarters are derived from average balances that are calculated daily. The average yields and costs include fees, as well as premiums and discounts (including mark-to-market adjustments from acquisitions), that are considered adjustments to such average yields and costs.

Net Interest Income Analysis

For the Three Months Ended

September 30, 2021

June 30, 2021

September 30, 2020

Average
Balance

Interest

Average
Yield/Cost

Average
Balance

Interest

Average
Yield/Cost

Average
Balance

Interest

Average
Yield/Cost

(dollars in millions)

Assets:

Interest-earning assets:

Mortgage and other loans, net (1)
$
43,159

$
376

3.48
%
$
42,817

$
386

3.60
%
$
42,302

$
380

3.60
%
Securities (2)(3)

6,657

37

2.21

6,790

43

2.55

5,748

38

2.60

Interest-earning cash and cash
   equivalents

2,109

2

0.40

3,415

2

0.27

1,224

—

0.10

Total interest-earning assets

51,925

$
415

3.20
%

53,022

$
431

3.25

49,274

$
418

3.39

Non-interest-earning assets

5,382

5,092

4,995

Total assets
$
57,307

$
58,114

$
54,269

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:

Interest-bearing deposits:

Interest-bearing checking and
   money market accounts
$
12,783

$
8

0.23
%
$
12,699

$
7

0.24
%
$
11,232

$
9

0.33
%
Savings accounts

7,974

7

0.36

7,487

7

0.36

5,755

8

0.52

Certificates of deposit

8,716

11

0.53

9,154

14

0.58

11,654

44

1.52

Total interest-bearing deposits

29,473

26

0.35

29,340

28

0.38

28,641

61

0.85

Borrowed funds

15,529

71

1.84

15,724

72

1.82

15,139

75

1.97

Total interest-bearing liabilities

45,002

$
97

0.87

45,064

$
100

0.88

43,780

$
136

1.24

Non-interest-bearing deposits

4,462

5,488

2,992

Other liabilities

866

691

775

Total liabilities

50,330

51,243

47,547

Stockholders’ equity

6,977

6,871

6,722

Total liabilities and stockholders’
   equity
$
57,307

$
58,114

$
54,269

Net interest income/interest rate
   spread

$
318

2.33
%

$
331

2.37
%

$
282

2.15
%
Net interest margin

2.44
%

2.50
%

2.29
%
Ratio of interest-earning assets to
   interest-bearing liabilities

1.15x

1.18x

1.13x


		For the Three Months Ended
		March 31, 2022								March 31, 2021
							Average							Average
		Average					Yield/			Average				Yield/
(dollars in millions)		Balance			Interest		Cost			Balance		Interest		Cost
ASSETS:
Interest-earning assets:
Mortgage and other loans and leases, net (1)	$		45,807	$		393		3.43	%	$	42,736	$	383		3.59	%
Securities (2)(3)			6,538			34		2.12			6,517		38		2.36
Reverse repurchase agreements			292			1		1.12			263		—		—
Interest-earning cash, cash equivalents, and due from banks			1,924			1		0.21			1,572		2		0.32
Total interest-earning assets			54,561			429		3.15			51,088		423		3.32
Non-interest-earning assets			5,333								5,218
Total assets	$		59,894							$	56,306
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts	$		13,784	$		8		0.24	%	$	12,626	$	9		0.28	%
Savings accounts			9,208			8		0.35			6,713		6		0.38
Certificates of deposit			8,070			11		0.53			9,983		18		0.75
Total interest-bearing deposits			31,062			27		0.35			29,322		33		0.46
Short term borrowed funds			3,212			3		0.39			2,282		2		0.36
Other borrowed funds			13,351			67		2.04			13,713		70		2.07
Total Borrowed funds			16,563			70		1.72			15,995		72		1.82
Total interest-bearing liabilities			47,625			97		0.82			45,317		105		0.94
Non-interest-bearing deposits			4,397								3,243
Other liabilities			826								872
Total liabilities			52,848								49,432
Stockholders’ equity			7,046								6,874
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$		59,894							$	56,306
Net interest income/interest rate spread				$		332		2.33	%			$	318		2.38	%
Net interest margin								2.43	%						2.48	%
Ratio of interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities							1.15x							1.13x

(1)

Amounts are net of net deferred loan origination costs/(fees) and the allowances for loan losses and include loans held for sale and non-performing loans.

(2)

Amounts are at amortized cost.

(3)

Includes FHLB stock.

6667

(Recovery of) Provision for Credit Losses

For the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the Company recorded a recovery of credit losses of $1$2 million compared to a ~~$13~~$4 million provision for credit losses for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2020.~~March 31, 2021. The year-over-year change reflects the improvement in forecasted, future economic conditions based on the adoption of CECL in the first quarter of ~~2020, as well as the Company recording no net charge-offs during the current quarter.~~2020.

For additional information about our provisions for and recoveries of loan losses, see the discussion of the allowances for loan losses under “Critical Accounting Policies” and the discussion of “Asset Quality” that appear earlier in this report.

Non-Interest Income

We generate non-interest income through a variety of sources, including—among others— fee income (in the form of retail deposit fees and charges on loans); income from our investment in BOLI; gains on the sale of securities; and revenues produced through the sale of third-party investment products.

For the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, non-interest income totaled ~~$15~~$14 million, ~~up $1 million or 7%~~unchanged compared to the year-ago quarter. The ~~increase was mainly due~~current first-quarter period had a net loss on securities of $1 million compared to ~~higher fee income and other income.~~no such gain or loss in the year-ago first-quarter.

The following table summarizes our non-interest income for the respective periods:

For the Three Months Ended

(dollars in millions)

September 30,
2021

June 30,
2021

September 30,
2020

Fee income

$
6

$
6

$
5

BOLI income

7

8

7

Net gain (loss) on securities

—

—

—

Other income:

Third-party investment product sales

—

—

1

Other

2

2

1

Total other income

2

2

2

Total non-interest income

$
15

$
16

$
14


	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31,			March 31,
(in millions)	2022			2021
Fee income	$	6		$	5
BOLI income		7			7
Net gain (loss) on securities		(1	)		—
Other income:
Third-party investment product sales		1			1
Other		1			1
Total other income		2			2
Total non-interest income	$	14		$	14

Non-Interest Expense

Total non-interest expense for the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021~~March 31, 2022 was ~~$135~~$141 million, up $6$9 million or 5%7% on a year-over-year basis. Included in the current ~~third~~first quarter non-interest expense amount is $6$7 million in merger-related expenses related to the pending merger with ~~Flagstar.~~Flagstar compared to no such expenses during the year-ago first quarter. The first quarter efficiency ratio was 38.65% compared to 39.87% for the first quarter of 2021.

Income Tax Expense

For the three months ended ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, income tax expense totaled ~~$50~~$52 million, up ~~$12~~$1 million ~~or 32%~~ compared to the three months ended ~~September 30, 2020. The increase was due to higher pre-tax income and a higher effective tax rate.~~March 31, 2021. The effective tax rate for the ~~third~~first quarter of ~~2021~~2022 was ~~25.19%~~25.16% compared to ~~24.89% for the third quarter of 2020. This increase was primarily due to an increase in the New York State corporate tax rate and the non-deductibility of certain merger-related expenses.~~

~~Earnings Summary for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021~~

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, net income totaled $446 million, up $125 million or 39% compared to $321 million recorded for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. Net income available to common shareholders for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was $421 million, up 42% compared to the $296 million reported for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

On a per share basis, the Company reported diluted earnings per common share for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 of $0.90, up 43% compared to the $0.63 the Company reported for the nine months ended September 30, 2020.

~~Net Interest Income~~

Net interest income for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, totaled $967 million, up $175 million or 22% compared to the $792 million the Company reported for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The year-over-year improvement was driven entirely by lower interest expense.

~~Details of the change in net interest income are as follows:~~



Interest income on mortgage and other loans, net totaled $1.1 billion, unchanged compared to the first nine months of 2020, while interest income on securities declined $8 million or 6% to $118 million.



~~Interest income on loans was driven by a $1.0 billion increase in average loan balances to $42.9 billion and by an 11 bp decline in the average loan yield to 3.56%.~~



~~The average yield on securities declined 41 bps to 2.38%, while the average securities balance increased $651 million or 11% to $6.7 billion.~~



Interest expense on interest-bearing deposits decreased $175 million or 67% to $87 million, driven by an 81 bp decrease in the average cost of interest-bearing deposits, while the average balance increased $488 million or 2% to $29.4 billion.



~~Average non-interest bearing deposit balances rose $1.5 billion or 53% to $4.4 billion.~~



Interest expense on borrowed funds decreased $13 million or 6% to $215 million due to a 25 bp decline in the average cost of borrowings to 1.83%, partially offset by a $1.1 billion or 7% increase in the average balance to $15.7 billion.

~~Net Interest Margin~~

~~For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the NIM increased 32 bp to 2.48% compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020.~~

For the Nine Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

2021

2020

% Change

(dollars in millions)

Total Interest Income

$
1,269

$
1,282

-1
%

Prepayment Income:

Loans

$
56

$
33

70
%

Securities

7

1

600
%

Total prepayment income

$
63

$
34

85
%

GAAP Net Interest Margin

2.48
%

2.16
%

32

bp

The following table sets forth certain information regarding our average balance sheet for the nine-month periods, including the average yields on our interest-earning assets and the average costs of our interest-bearing liabilities. Average yields are calculated by dividing the interest income produced by the average balance of interest-earning assets. Average costs are calculated by dividing the interest expense produced by the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities. The average balances for the quarters are derived from average balances that are calculated daily. The average yields and costs include fees, as well as premiums and discounts (including mark-to-market adjustments from acquisitions), that are considered adjustments to such average yields and costs.

~~Net Interest Income Analysis~~

For the Nine Months Ended September 30,

2021

2020

Average
Balance

Interest

Average
Yield/Cost

Average
Balance

Interest

Average
Yield/Cost

(dollars in millions)

Assets:

Interest-earning assets:

Mortgage and other loans, net

$
42,905

$
1,145

3.56
%

$
41,890

$
1,154

3.67
%
Securities

6,655

118

2.38

6,004

126

2.79

Interest-earning cash and cash
   equivalents

2,454

6

0.31

916

2

0.35

Total interest-earning assets

52,014

$
1,269

3.25

48,810

$
1,282

3.50

Non-interest-earning assets

5,232

5,013

Total assets

$
57,246

$
53,823

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:

Interest-bearing deposits:

Interest-bearing checking and money
   market accounts

$
12,703

$
24

0.25
%

$
10,616

$
48

0.60
%
Savings accounts

7,396

20

0.36

5,310

25

0.62

Certificates of deposit

9,280

43

0.63

12,965

189

1.95

Total interest-bearing deposits

29,379

87

0.40

28,891

262

1.21

Borrowed funds

15,748

215

1.83

14,662

228

2.08

Total interest-bearing liabilities

$
45,127

$
302

0.90

$
43,553

$
490

1.50

Non-interest-bearing deposits

4,402

2,868

Other liabilities

810

712

Total liabilities

50,339

47,133

Stockholders’ equity

6,907

6,690

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

$
57,246

$
53,823

Net interest income/interest rate spread

$
967

2.35
%

$
792

2.00
%
Net interest margin

2.48
%

2.16
%
Ratio of interest-earning assets to
   interest-bearing liabilities

1.15x

1.12x

~~Provision for Credit Losses~~

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded a recovery of credit losses of $1 million compared to a provision for credit losses of $51 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The year-over-year improvement reflects the improvement in forecasted, future economic conditions, as well as net recoveries of $7 million25.75% for the first ~~nine months~~quarter of ~~2021 compared to net charge-offs of $13 million for the first nine months of 2020.~~

~~Non-Interest Income~~2021.

~~We generate non-interest income through a variety of sources, including—among others— fee income (in the form of retail~~

~~deposit fees and charges on loans); income from our investment in BOLI; gains on the sale of securities; and revenues produced through the sale of third-party investment products.~~

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, non-interest income totaled $45 million compared to $46 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The year-ago nine month period included $1 million in net gains on securities compared to no such gain during the first nine months of 2021.

~~The following table summarizes our non-interest income for the respective periods:~~

~~Non-Interest Income Analysis~~

For the Nine Months Ended

September 30,

September 30,

(dollars in millions)

2021

2020

Fee income

$
17

$
16

BOLI income

22

24

Net gain on securities

—

1

Other income:

Third-party investment product sales

—

3

Other

6

2

Total other income

6

5

Total non-interest income

$
45

$
46

~~Non-Interest Expense~~

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, total non-interest expense was $406 million, up $28 million or 7% compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The current nine month period includes $16 million of merger-related expenses related to the pending merger with Flagstar Bancorp, Inc. Excluding these expenses, operating expenses were $390 million for the first nine months of the year, up $12 million or 3% compared to the first nine months of last year.

~~Income Tax Expense~~

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, income tax expense totaled $161 million, up $73 million or 83% compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The increase was related to higher pre-tax income, the non-deductibility of certain merger-related expenses, and an increase in the New York State corporate tax rate. The current nine month period also includes the revaluation of our deferred tax asset due to the increase in our New York State corporate tax rate. The effective tax rate for the first nine months of 2021 increased to 26.48% compared to 21.50% for the first nine months of 2020.

7068

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about the Company’s market risk were presented on pages 7468 through 7872 of our ~~2020~~2021 Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on February ~~26, 2021.~~25, 2022. Subsequent changes in the Company’s market risk profile and interest rate sensitivity are detailed in the discussion entitled “Management of Market and Interest Rate Risk” earlier in this quarterly report.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures are the controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (the “SEC’s”) rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e), as adopted by the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”). Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period.

(b) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have not been any changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fiscal quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

7169

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Refer to “Part I, Financial Information, Item 1, Financial Statements, Note 14 Legal Proceedings”, which is incorporated by reference into this item.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, readers should carefully consider the factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020 and the Company’s Form 10-Q for the three months ended June 30,~~ 2021 as such factors could materially affect the Company’s business, financial condition, or future results of operations. There have been no material changes in the risk factors as discussed in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2020 and the Company's Form 10-Q for the three months ended June 30,~~ 2021.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Shares Repurchased Pursuant to the Company’s Stock-Based Incentive Plans

Participants in the Company’s stock-based incentive plans may have shares of common stock withheld to fulfill the income tax obligations that arise in connection with the vesting of their stock awards. Shares that are withheld for this purpose are repurchased pursuant to the terms of the applicable stock-based incentive plan, rather than pursuant to the share repurchase program authorized by the Board of Directors, described below.

Shares Repurchased Pursuant to the Board of Directors’ Share Repurchase Authorization

On October 23, 2018, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $300 million of the Company’s common stock. Under said authorization, shares may be repurchased on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. As of ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, the Company has repurchased $278 million of its common stock under this repurchase authorization, leaving $17 million available for repurchase under this repurchase authorization.

Shares that are repurchased pursuant to the Board of Directors’ authorization, and those that are repurchased pursuant to the Company’s stock-based incentive plans, are held in our Treasury account and may be used for various corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, merger transactions and the vesting of restricted stock awards.

(dollars in millions, except share data)

Third Quarter 2021

Total Shares
of Common
Stock
Repurchased

Average Price
Paid per
Common Share

Total
Allocation

Julyl 1 – July 31

23,950

$
11.20

$
—

August 1 – August 31

7,746

12.35

—

September 1 – September 30

4,467

12.29

—

Total shares repurchased (1)

36,163

11.58

$
—

(1) Shares tied to stock-based incentive plans



(amounts in millions, except share data) Period	Total Shares of Common Stock Repurchased			Average Price Paid per Common Share			Total Allocation
First Quarter 2022
January		765,330	$		13.26	$		10
February		16,201			11.55			—
March		120,403			11.05			1
Total First Quarter 2022		901,934			12.93	$		11

Item 3. Defaults upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information

Not applicable.

7270

Item 6. Exhibits


Exhibit No.

2.1		Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 24, 2021, by and among New York Community Bancorp, Inc., 615 Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of New York Community Bancorp, Inc. and Flagstar Bancorp, Inc. * (1)

2.2		Amendment No 1, dated April 26, 2022, to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated April 24, 2021 by and among New York Community Bancorp, Inc., 615 Corp., and Flagstar Bancorp, Inc. (2)

3.1		Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. ~~(1)~~(3)

3.2		Certificates of Amendment of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. ~~(2)~~(4)

3.3		Certificate of Amendment of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. ~~(3)~~(5)

3.4		Certificate of Designations of the Registrant with respect to the Series A Preferred Stock, dated March 16, 2017, filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and effective March 16, 2017. ~~(4)~~(6)

3.5		Amended and Restated Bylaws. ~~(5)~~(7)

4.1		Specimen Stock Certificate. ~~(6)~~(8)

4.2		Deposit Agreement, dated as of March 16, 2017, by and among the Registrant, Computershare, Inc., and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., as joint depositary, and the holders from time to time of the depositary receipts described therein. ~~(8)~~(9)

4.3		Form of certificate representing the Series A Preferred Stock. ~~(7)~~(9)

4.4		Form of depositary receipt representing the Depositary Shares. ~~(7)~~(9)

4.5		Registrant will furnish, upon request, copies of all instruments defining the rights of holders of long-term debt instruments of the registrant and its consolidated subsidiaries.

10.1		Form of Employment Agreement between New York Community Bancorp, Inc. and certain executive officers, including R. Patrick Quinn.**(10)

10.2		Employment Agreement between New York Community Bancorp., Inc. and John T. Adams.**

31.1		Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer of the Company in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (attached hereto).

31.2		Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer of the Company in accordance with Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (attached hereto).

32.0		Section 1350 Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company in accordance with Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (attached hereto).

101.INS		XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because iXBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.

101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

104		The cover page of New York Community Bancorp, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended ~~September 30, 2021,~~March 31, 2022, formatted in Inline XBRL (included within the Exhibit 101 attachments).

* Pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K, certain schedules and similar attachments have been omitted. The registrant hereby agrees to furnish a copy of any omitted schedule or similar attachment to the SEC upon request.

** Management plan or compensation plan arrangement.

(1)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibits to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 27, 2021 (File No. 1-31565).

(2)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibits to the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 27, 2022 (File No. 1-31565).

(3)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the Company’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2001 (File No. 0-22278).

~~(2)~~(4)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003 (File No. 1-31565).

~~(3)~~(5)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibits to the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 27, 2016 (File No. 1-31565).

~~(4)~~(6)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibits of the Company’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A (File No. 333-210919), as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 16, 2017.

~~(5)~~(7)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 (File No. 1-31565).

~~(6)~~(8)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the Company’s Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017 (File No. 1-31565).

~~(7)~~(9)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 17, 2017 (File No. 1-31565).

(10)

Incorporated by reference to Exhibits filed with the Company's Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 9, 2006 (File No. 1-31565).

7472

NEW YORK COMMUNITY BANCORP, INC.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


		New York Community Bancorp, Inc.
		(Registrant)

DATE: ~~October 29, 2021~~May 9, 2022	BY:	/s/ Thomas R. Cangemi
		Thomas R. Cangemi Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer

DATE: ~~October 29, 2021~~May 9, 2022	BY:	/s/ John J. Pinto
		John J. Pinto Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

7573


	For the						For the
	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2021			2020			2021			2020
Interest Income:
Loans and leases	$	376		$	380		$	1,145		$	1,154
Securities and money market investments		39			38			124			128
Total interest income		415			418			1,269			1,282
Interest Expense:
Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts		8			9			24			48
Savings accounts		7			8			20			25
Certificates of deposit		11			44			43			189
Borrowed funds		71			75			215			228
Total interest expense		97			136			302			490
Net interest income		318			282			967			792
(Recovery of) provision for credit losses		(1	)		13			(1	)		51
Net interest income after (recovery of) provision for credit losses		319			269			968			741
Non-Interest Income:
Fee income		6			5			17			16
Bank-owned life insurance		7			7			22			24
Net gain on securities		0			0			0			1
Other		2			2			6			5
Total non-interest income		15			14			45			46
Non-Interest Expense:
Operating expenses:
Compensation and benefits		77			74			229			229
Occupancy and equipment		22			24			65			63
General and administrative		30			31			96			86
Total operating expenses		129			129			390			378
Merger-related expenses		6			0			16			0
Total non-interest expense		135			129			406			378
Income before income taxes		199			154			607			409
Income tax expense		50			38			161			88
Net income		149			116			446			321
Preferred stock dividends		9			9			25			25
Net income available to common shareholders	$	140		$	107		$	421		$	296
Basic earnings per common share	$	0.30		$	0.23		$	0.90		$	0.63
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.30		$	0.23		$	0.90		$	0.63
Net income	$	149		$	116		$	446		$	321
Other comprehensive gain (loss), net of tax:
Change in net unrealized gain (loss) on securities available for sale, net of tax of $9; $0; $34 and ($16) respectively		(23	)		1			(89	)		43
Change in pension and post-retirement obligations, net of tax of $0; $0; ($1) and $0, respectively		1			0			3			0
Change in net unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedges, net of tax of $0; $1; $0 and $16, respectively		(2	)		(1	)		1			(43	)
Less: Reclassification adjustment for sales of available-for-sale securities, net of tax of $0; $0; $0 and $0, respectively		0			0			0			0
Reclassification adjustment for defined benefit pension plan, net of tax of $0; $0; ($1) and ($1), respectively		1			1			4			4
Reclassification adjustment for net gain on cash flow hedges included in net income, net of tax of ($2); ($1); ($4) and ($2), respectively		6			4			14			4
Total other comprehensive gain (loss), net of tax		(17	)		5			(67	)		8
Total comprehensive income, net of tax	$	132		$	121		$	379		$	329


				Preferred		Common										Accumulated
				Stock		Stock		Paid-in								Other			Total
Three Months Ended September 30, 2021	Shares Outstanding			(Par Value: $0.01)		(Par Value: $0.01)		Capital in Excess of Par		Retained Earnings			Treasury Stock, at Cost			Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax			Stockholders’ Equity
Balance at June 30, 2021		465,056,962		$	503	$	5	$	6,111	$	617		$	(245	)	$	(75	)	$	6,916
Shares issued for restricted stock, net of forfeitures		—			—		—		—		—			—			—			—
Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards		—			—		—		8		—			—			—			8
Net income		—			—		—		—		149			—			—			149
Dividends paid on common stock ($0.17)		—			—		—		—		(79	)		—			—			(79	)
Dividends paid on preferred stock ($15.94)		—			—		—		—		(9	)		—			—			(9	)
Purchase of common stock		(36,163	)		—		—		—		—			(1	)		—			(1	)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax		—			—		—		—		—			—			(17	)		(17	)
Balance at September 30, 2021		465,020,799		$	503	$	5	$	6,119	$	678		$	(246	)	$	(92	)	$	6,967

Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Balance at June 30, 2020		463,933,831		$	503	$	5	$	6,109	$	363		$	(257	)	$	(30	)	$	6,693
Shares issued for restricted stock, net of forfeitures		—			—		—		—		—			—			—			—
Compensation expense related to restricted stock awards		—			—		—		9		—			—			—			9
Net income		—			—		—		—		116			—			—			116
Dividends paid on common stock ($0.17)		—			—		—		—		(78	)		—			—			(78	)
Dividends paid on preferred stock ($15.94)		—			—		—		—		(9	)					—			(9	)
Purchase of common stock		(29,747	)		—		—		—		—			(1	)		—			(1	)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax		—			—		—		—		—			—			5			5
Balance at September 30, 2020		463,904,084		$	503	$	5	$	6,118	$	392		$	(258	)	$	(25	)	$	6,735


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
(dollars in millions)	2021		2020
Gross proceeds	$	-	$	484
Gross realized gains		-		2
Gross realized losses		-		1


(dollars in millions)	Vintage Year
Risk Rating Group	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior To 2017		Revolving Loans		Total
Pass	$	6,196	$	9,374	$	5,912	$	4,948	$	3,446	$	7,508	$	17	$	37,401
Special Mention		—		90		280		363		143		908		—		1,784
Substandard		—		17		108		152		111		375		1		764
Total mortgage loans	$	6,196	$	9,481	$	6,300	$	5,463	$	3,700	$	8,791	$	18	$	39,949
Pass		651		741		592		98		172		199		1,228		3,681
Special Mention		—		—		—		—		—		—		3		3
Substandard		—		2		2		1		8		15		26		54
Total other loans		651		743		594		99		180		214		1,257		3,738
Total	$	6,847	$	10,224	$	6,894	$	5,562	$	3,880	$	9,005	$	1,275	$	43,687


Issuer	Interest Rate of Capital Securities and Debentures			Junior Subordinated Debentures Amount Outstanding		Capital Securities Amount Outstanding		Date of Original Issue	Stated Maturity	First Optional Redemption Date
(dollars in millions)
New York Community Capital Trust V (BONUSESSM Units)		6.00	%	$	146	$	140	Nov. 4, 2002	Nov. 1, 2051	Nov. 4, 2007(1)
New York Community Capital Trust X		1.72			124		120	Dec. 14, 2006	Dec. 15, 2036	Dec. 15, 2011 (2)
PennFed Capital Trust III		3.37			31		30	June 2, 2003	June 15, 2033	June 15, 2008 (2)
New York Community Capital Trust XI		1.78			59		57	April 16, 2007	June 30, 2037	June 30, 2012 (2)
Total junior subordinated debentures				$	360	$	347


	Number of Shares			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested at beginning of year		6,228,048		$	12.43
Granted		3,131,949			11.20
Vested		(2,093,422	)		13.17
Canceled		(264,520	)		11.76
Unvested at end of period		7,002,055			11.68


Maturities of lease liabilities:	September 30, 2021
(dollars in millions)
2021	$	7
2022		26
2023		26
2024		25
2025		24
Thereafter		218
Total lease payments		326
Less: imputed interest		(74	)
Total present value of lease liabilities	$	252


(dollars in millions)	Notional Amount		Other Assets		Other Liabilities
Derivatives designated as fair value hedging instruments:
Interest rate swap	$	2,000	$	—	$	—
Total derivatives designated as fair value hedging instruments	$	2,000	$	—	$	—


(dollars in millions)	For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021		For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Amount of gain (loss) recognized in AOCL	$	2	$	59
Amount of gain (loss) reclassified from AOCL to interest expense		18		6


(dollars in millions)	Loans and Leases			Unfunded Commitments
Allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2020	$	194		$	12
2021 Provision for (recovery of) credit losses		(1	)		—
2021 Net recoveries		7			—
Allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2021	$	200		$	12


	For the Three Months Ended						For the Nine Months Ended
	September 30,		June 30,		September 30,		September 30,		September 30,
	2021		2021		2020		2021		2020
(dollars in millions)
Mortgage Loans Originated for Investment:
Multi-family	$	1,796	$	2,078	$	2,104	$	5,341	$	5,935
Commercial real estate		143		70		170		655		451
One-to-four family residential		70		46		—		138		45
Acquisition, development, and construction		18		70		19		94		25
Total mortgage loans originated for investment		2,027		2,264		2,293		6,228		6,456
Other Loans Originated for Investment:
Specialty Finance		796		606		590		1,943		2,247
Other commercial and industrial		127		193		93		383		273
Other		2		2		1		5		3
Total other loans originated for investment		925		801		684		2,331		2,523
Total Loans Originated for Investment	$	2,952	$	3,065	$	2,977	$	8,559	$	8,979


(dollars in millions)	Accruing		Non-Accrual			Total
Balance at December 31, 2020	$	15	$	19		$	34
New TDRs		1		11			12
Charge-offs		—		(4	)		(4	)
Loan payoffs, including dispositions and principal pay-downs		—		(9	)		(9	)
Balance at September 30, 2021	$	16	$	17		$	33


Principal Deferrals as of September 30, 2021

	Amount in Deferral		Outstanding Balance		Deferred as a % of Outstanding Balance			Weighted- Average LTV
(dollars in millions)
Multi-family	$	545	$	32,816		1.7	%		54.9	%
CRE:
Office	$	239	$	3,123		7.6	%		66.2	%
Retail		20		1,764		1.1	%		98.0	%
Mixed use		43		571		7.6	%		78.4	%
Condo/ Co-op		60		261		23.0	%		49.9	%
Other		1		998		0.1	%		35.7	%
Sub-total CRE	$	363	$	6,717		5.4	%		66.7	%

Total Multi-Family and CRE		908		39,533		2.3	%		59.6	%

Other		6

Total	$	914


(dollars in millions)	At or For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021				At or For the Year Ended December 31, 2020
Allowance for Credit Losses on Loan and Leases:
Balance at beginning of period	$	194			$	148
CECL day 1 transition adjustment		—				2
Adjusted allowance for credit losses at January 1		194				150
(Recovery of) provision for credit losses		(1	)			63
Charge-offs:
Multi-family		(1	)			—
Commercial real estate		—				(2	)
One-to-four family residential		(1	)			—
Acquisition, development, and construction		—				—
Other loans		(4	)			(20	)
Total charge-offs		(6	)			(22	)
Recoveries:
Multi-family		—				1
Commercial real estate		2				—
One-to-four family residential		—				—
Acquisition, development, and construction		—				—
Other loans		11				2
Total recoveries		13				3
Net recoveries (charge-offs)		7				(19	)
Balance at end of period	$	200			$	194
Non-Performing Assets:
Non-accrual mortgage loans:
Multi-family	$	8			$	4
Commercial real estate		12				12
One-to-four family residential		1				2
Acquisition, development, and construction		—				—
Total non-accrual mortgage loans		21				18
Other non-accrual loans		7				20
Total non-performing loans	$	28			$	38
Repossessed assets (1)		9				8
Total non-performing assets	$	37			$	46
Asset Quality Measures:
Non-performing loans to total loans		0.06		%		0.09		%
Non-performing assets to total assets		0.06				0.08
Allowance for credit losses to non-performing loans		711.96				513.55
Allowance for credit losses to total loans		0.46				0.45
Net (recoveries) charge-offs during the period to average loans outstanding during the period		(0.02	)			0.04
Loans 30-89 Days Past Due:
Multi-family	$	426			$	4
Commercial real estate		11				10
One-to-four family residential		10				2
Acquisition, development, and construction		—				—
Other loans		—				—
Total loans 30-89 days past due	$	447			$	16


	For the Three Months Ended									September 30, 2021 compared to
	September 30,			June 30,			September 30,			June 30,				September 30,
	2021			2021			2020			2021				2020
(dollars in millions)
Total Interest Income	$	415		$	431		$	418			-4	%			-1	%
Prepayment Income:
Loans	$	15		$	22		$	12			-32	%			25	%
Securities		1			5			—			-80	%		NM
Total prepayment income	$	16		$	27		$	12			-41	%			33	%
GAAP Net Interest Margin		2.44	%		2.50	%		2.29	%	-6			bp	15			bp


	For the Three Months Ended
	September 30, 2021							June 30, 2021							September 30, 2020
	Average Balance		Interest		Average Yield/Cost			Average Balance		Interest		Average Yield/Cost			Average Balance		Interest		Average Yield/Cost
(dollars in millions)
Assets:
Interest-earning assets:
Mortgage and other loans, net (1)	$	43,159	$	376		3.48	%	$	42,817	$	386		3.60	%	$	42,302	$	380		3.60	%
Securities (2)(3)		6,657		37		2.21			6,790		43		2.55			5,748		38		2.60
Interest-earning cash and cash equivalents		2,109		2		0.40			3,415		2		0.27			1,224		—		0.10
Total interest-earning assets		51,925	$	415		3.20	%		53,022	$	431		3.25			49,274	$	418		3.39
Non-interest-earning assets		5,382							5,092							4,995
Total assets	$	57,307						$	58,114						$	54,269
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity:
Interest-bearing deposits:
Interest-bearing checking and money market accounts	$	12,783	$	8		0.23	%	$	12,699	$	7		0.24	%	$	11,232	$	9		0.33	%
Savings accounts		7,974		7		0.36			7,487		7		0.36			5,755		8		0.52
Certificates of deposit		8,716		11		0.53			9,154		14		0.58			11,654		44		1.52
Total interest-bearing deposits		29,473		26		0.35			29,340		28		0.38			28,641		61		0.85
Borrowed funds		15,529		71		1.84			15,724		72		1.82			15,139		75		1.97
Total interest-bearing liabilities		45,002	$	97		0.87			45,064	$	100		0.88			43,780	$	136		1.24
Non-interest-bearing deposits		4,462							5,488							2,992
Other liabilities		866							691							775
Total liabilities		50,330							51,243							47,547
Stockholders’ equity		6,977							6,871							6,722
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	57,307						$	58,114						$	54,269
Net interest income/interest rate spread			$	318		2.33	%			$	331		2.37	%			$	282		2.15	%
Net interest margin						2.44	%						2.50	%						2.29	%
Ratio of interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities					1.15x							1.18x							1.13x


(dollars in millions, except share data)
Third Quarter 2021	Total Shares of Common Stock Repurchased		Average Price Paid per Common Share		Total Allocation
Julyl 1 – July 31		23,950	$	11.20	$	—
August 1 – August 31		7,746		12.35		—
September 1 – September 30		4,467		12.29		—
Total shares repurchased (1)		36,163		11.58	$	—

(1) Shares tied to stock-based incentive plans