☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate number of shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding on November ~~7, 2022~~1, 2023 was ~~25,876,390~~39,015,533.

Statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”) or in documents incorporated by reference that are not historical facts are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include statements ~~about~~regarding: (i) our core strategy and ability to ~~meet~~fully execute our ~~investment objectives~~business plan; (ii) our growth, including by geographic expansion, new lines of business, additional policies and ~~to manage~~new products and ~~mitigate market risk with respect to our investments; (ii) the expected positive impact~~services, competitive strengths, proprietary capabilities, processes and new technology, results of ~~our~~operations and liquidity; (iii) strategic initiatives ~~on our future financial results, including focus on profitability, exposure management, rate adequacy~~ and ~~our ability to create value for our shareholders; (iii) our ability to achieve consistent long-term quarterly earnings and drive~~their impact on shareholder value; (iv) ~~expected continued changes in~~projections, predictions, expectations, estimates or forecasts as to our ~~portfolio~~business, financial and operational results and future economic performance; (v) statements of management’s goals and objectives, including intentions to ~~reduce exposure~~pursue certain business and ~~generate long term returns; (v)~~ the ~~expected benefits~~handling of ~~excess~~certain claims; (vi) projections of revenue, earnings, capital structure, reserves and ~~surplus insurance products; (vi) expected losses from Hurricane Ian~~other financial items; (vii) ~~the adequacy of~~assumptions underlying our ~~reinsurance program~~critical accounting policies and estimates; (viii) assumptions underlying statements regarding us and our ~~ability to diversify risk~~business; (ix) statements regarding the impact of legislation; (x) expectations regarding claims and ~~safeguard~~related expenses, and our reinsurers’ obligations; (xi) beliefs regarding pending legal proceedings and their effect on our financial position; ~~(viii) business~~ and ~~risk management strategies, including acquisitions, strategic investments~~(xii) other similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and ~~risk diversification; (ix)~~uncertainties that could cause actual results and events to differ. A detailed discussion of these and other risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results and events to differ materially from such forward-looking statements is included throughout this filing and particularly in Item 1A: "Risk Factors" set forth in our ~~estimates with respect~~2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K and Item 2 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” set forth in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. All forward-looking statements included in this document are based on information available to ~~tax~~us on the date hereof, and ~~accounting matters including the impact on our financial statements; (x) future dividends, if any; (xi) our expectations related~~we assume no obligation to ~~our financing activities; (xii) the sufficiency of our liquidity~~revise or publicly release any revision to ~~pay our insurance company affiliates’ claims and expenses,~~any such forward-looking statement, except as well as to satisfy commitments in the event of unforeseen events; (xiii) the sufficiency of our capital resources, together with cash provided from our operations, to meet currently anticipated working capital requirements and the source of funds needed to fund our business and risk management strategies; (xiv) the potential effects of the seasonality of our business, including effects on our reinsurance business and financial results; (xv) our ability to successfully mitigate the effects of inflation on our business; (xvi) our intentions with respect to our credit risk investments; (xvii) the future impact of the COVID-19 pandemic; and (xviii) the potential effects of our current legal proceedings.may otherwise be required by law.

These statements are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about the industry and market in which we operate, and management’s beliefs and assumptions. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “would,” “estimate,” or “continue” or the negative variations thereof or comparable terminology are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such statements. The risks and uncertainties include, without limitation:

Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or operating results.

~~These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks, uncertainties and assumptions about us described in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).~~ The forward-looking statements ~~we make in our Form 10-Q are valid~~speak only as of the date ~~of our Form 10-Q~~on which they are made, and, may not occur in light of the risks, uncertainties and assumptions that we describe from time to time in our filings with the SEC. A detailed discussion of these and other risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results and events to differ materially from our forward-looking statements is included in the section entitled “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Exceptexcept as required by ~~applicable~~ law, we undertake no obligation ~~and disclaim any obligation~~ to ~~publicly~~ update ~~or revise~~ any forward-looking ~~statements, whether as a result of new information, future~~statement to reflect events or ~~otherwise.~~circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrences of anticipated events. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. Consequently, you should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.


	September 30, 2022			December 31, 2021			September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
ASSETS	(unaudited)						(unaudited)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $704,365 and $675,245)	$	633,192		$	669,354
Equity securities, at fair value, (cost $1,514 and $1,415)		1,514			1,415
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost of $716,447 and $705,548)							$	651,520		$	635,572
Equity securities, at fair value, (cost $1,739 and $1,514)								1,739			1,514
Other investments, net		17,084			23,929			11,745			16,484
Total investments		651,790			694,698			665,004			653,570
Cash and cash equivalents		297,548			359,337			228,848			280,881
Restricted cash		6,265			5,415			9,733			6,691
Accrued investment income		3,517			3,167			3,725			3,817
Premiums receivable, net		76,126			71,925			80,256			92,749
Reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid claims, net of allowance for credit losses of $45		866,625			269,391
Reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid claims, net of allowance for credit losses of $197 and $45								727,435			805,059
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		381,368			265,873			403,684			306,977
Income tax receivable		13,760			11,739			14,872			12,118
Deferred income tax asset, net		14,637			—			16,092			16,841
Deferred policy acquisition costs, net		100,649			93,881			104,098			99,617
Property and equipment, net		22,784			17,426			32,418			25,729
Right-of-use lease asset, net		25,218			27,753
Right-of-use lease asset, finance								18,214			20,132
Right-of-use lease asset, operating								7,166			7,335
Intangibles, net		51,163			55,926			44,101			49,575
Goodwill		—			91,959
Other assets		11,133			12,272			13,060			11,509
Total Assets	$	2,522,583		$	1,980,762		$	2,368,706		$	2,392,600
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses	$	1,209,352		$	590,166		$	971,321		$	1,131,807
Unearned premiums		651,913			590,419			688,872			656,641
Reinsurance payable		278,298			191,728			282,663			199,803
Long-term debt, net		121,283			120,757			122,066			128,943
Deferred income tax liability, net		—			9,426
Advance premiums		37,855			24,504			33,706			26,516
Accrued compensation		8,067			8,014			8,611			6,594
Lease liability		28,901			31,172
Lease liability, finance								20,903			22,557
Lease liability, operating								8,439			8,690
Accounts payable and other liabilities		69,217			71,525			80,739			80,010
Total Liabilities	$	2,404,886		$	1,637,711		$	2,217,320		$	2,261,561

Commitments and contingencies (Note 17)
Stockholders’ Equity:
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 25,923,930 shares issued and 25,898,930 outstanding at September 30, 2022 and 26,803,511 shares issued and 26,753,511 outstanding at December 31, 2021		3			3
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 39,028,260 shares issued and 26,796,586 outstanding at September 30, 2023 and 37,796,107 shares issued and 25,539,433 outstanding at December 31, 2022								3			3
Additional paid-in capital		334,246			332,797			336,829			334,711
Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of taxes		(54,573	)		(4,573	)		(49,719	)		(53,585	)
Treasury stock, at cost, 11,890,599 and 10,536,737 shares at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021		(130,286	)		(123,557	)
Retained (deficit) earnings		(31,693	)		138,381
Treasury stock, at cost, 12,231,674 shares at each September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022								(130,900	)		(130,900	)
Retained deficit								(4,827	)		(19,190	)
Total Stockholders' Equity		117,697			343,051			151,386			131,039
Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity	$	2,522,583		$	1,980,762		$	2,368,706		$	2,392,600

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive ~~Loss~~(Loss) Income


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,						For the Three Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021			2023			2022			2023			2022
REVENUES:
Gross premiums written	$	304,501		$	274,178		$	952,981		$	886,059		$	309,510		$	304,501		$	1,016,378		$	952,981
Change in gross unearned premiums		3,458			20,231			(61,442	)		(35,593	)		27,466			3,458			(32,366	)		(61,442	)
Gross premiums earned		307,959			294,409			891,539			850,466			336,976			307,959			984,012			891,539
Ceded premiums earned		(148,266	)		(131,964	)		(420,645	)		(399,323	)
Ceded premiums														(160,335	)		(148,266	)		(464,539	)		(420,645	)
Net premiums earned		159,693			162,445			470,894			451,143			176,641			159,693			519,473			470,894
Net investment income		2,887			1,548			7,050			3,797			6,867			2,887			19,048			7,050
Net realized losses		(3	)		(6	)		(121	)		(926	)
Net realized losses and impairment losses														(379	)		(3	)		(49	)		(121	)
Other revenue		2,916			3,421			10,049			10,835			3,171			2,916			10,060			10,049
Total revenues		165,493			167,408			487,872			464,849			186,300			165,493			548,532			487,872
EXPENSES:
Losses and loss adjustment expenses		155,849			129,632			397,409			328,376			131,397			155,849			335,495			397,409
Policy acquisition costs, net of ceding commission income (1)		39,194			35,984			115,826			109,183			42,427			39,194			124,202			115,826
General and administrative expenses, net of ceding commission income(2)		17,758			17,169			54,947			52,490			21,911			17,758			61,022			54,947
Goodwill impairment		—			—			91,959			—
Goodwill and intangible asset impairment														—			—			767			91,959
Total expenses		212,801			182,785			660,141			490,049			195,735			212,801			521,486			660,141
Operating Loss		(47,308	)		(15,377	)		(172,269	)		(25,200	)
Operating (loss) income														(9,435	)		(47,308	)		27,046			(172,269	)
Interest expense, net		2,027			2,150			5,750			5,953			2,591			2,027			8,211			5,750
Loss before income taxes		(49,335	)		(17,527	)		(178,019	)		(31,153	)
Benefit for income taxes		(1,095	)		(1,117	)		(11,155	)		(5,644	)
Net loss	$	(48,240	)	$	(16,410	)	$	(166,864	)	$	(25,509	)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Change in net unrealized losses on investments		(17,471	)		(1,344	)		(65,403	)		(8,316	)
Reclassification adjustment for net realized investment losses (gains)		3			6			121			(96	)
Income tax expense related to items of other comprehensive losses		4,089			310			15,282			1,950
Total comprehensive loss	$	(61,619	)	$	(17,438	)	$	(216,864	)	$	(31,971	)
(Loss) income before income taxes														(12,026	)		(49,335	)		18,835			(178,019	)
(Benefit) provision for income taxes														(4,602	)		(1,095	)		4,472			(11,155	)
Net (loss) income													$	(7,424	)	$	(48,240	)	$	14,363		$	(166,864	)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME
Change in net unrealized (losses) gains on investments														(4,494	)		(17,471	)		4,664			(65,403	)
Reclassification adjustment for net realized investment losses														379			3			390			121
Income tax benefit (expense) related to items of other comprehensive (loss) income														970			4,089			(1,188	)		15,282
Total comprehensive (loss) income													$	(10,569	)	$	(61,619	)	$	18,229		$	(216,864	)
Weighted average shares outstanding
Basic		26,369,265			27,938,028			26,536,700			27,902,814			26,698,806			26,369,265			25,941,422			26,536,700
Diluted		26,369,265			27,938,028			26,536,700			27,902,814			26,698,806			26,369,265			25,980,931			26,536,700
Loss per share
(Loss) earnings per share
Basic	$	(1.83	)	$	(0.59	)	$	(6.29	)	$	(0.91	)	$	(0.28	)	$	(1.83	)	$	0.55		$	(6.29	)
Diluted	$	(1.83	)	$	(0.59	)	$	(6.29	)	$	(0.91	)	$	(0.28	)	$	(1.83	)	$	0.55		$	(6.29	)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.


	Common Shares			Par Value		Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings			Treasury Shares			Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income			Total Stockholders' Equity			Common Shares			Par Value		Additional Paid-In Capital			Retained Earnings (Deficit)			Treasury Shares			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance at December 31, 2020		27,748,606		$	3	$	331,867		$	219,782		$	(115,365	)	$	6,057		$	442,344
Balance at December 31, 2021																						26,753,511		$	3	$	332,797		$	138,381		$	(123,557	)	$	(4,573	)	$	343,051
Net unrealized change in investments, net of tax		—			—		—			—			—			(8,202	)		(8,202	)		—			—		—			—			—			(24,321	)		(24,321	)
Shares tendered for income taxes withholding		(12,500	)		—		(127	)		—			—			—			(127	)		(9,849	)		—		(89	)		—			—			—			(89	)
Restricted stock vested		25,000			—		—			—			—			—			—			25,000			—		—			—			—			—			—
Issued restricted stock		143,817			—		—			—			—			—			—			397,176			—		—			—			—			—			—
Stock-based compensation on restricted stock		—			—		260			—			—			—			260			—			—		505			—			—			—			505
Stock buy-back																						(721,118	)		—		—			—			(5,000	)		—			(5,000	)
Cash dividends declared ($0.06 per common stock)		—			—		—			(1,679	)		—			—			(1,679	)		—			—		—			(1,621	)		—			—			(1,621	)
Net loss		—			—		—			(5,148	)		—			—			(5,148	)		—			—		—			(30,759	)		—			—			(30,759	)
Balance at March 31, 2021		27,904,923		$	3	$	332,000		$	212,955		$	(115,365	)	$	(2,145	)	$	427,448
Balance at March 31, 2022																						26,444,720		$	3	$	333,213		$	106,001		$	(128,557	)	$	(28,894	)	$	281,766
Net unrealized change in investments, net of tax		—			—		—			—			—			2,768			2,768			—			—		—			—			—			(12,300	)		(12,300	)
Restricted stock vested		—			—		—			—			—			—			—
Adjustment to shares tendered for income taxes withholding																						—			—		31			—			—			—			31
Issued restricted stock																						99,376			—		—			—			—			—			—
Stock-based compensation on restricted stock		—			—		287			—			—			—			287			—			—		503			—			—			—			503
Issued restricted stock		42,018			—		—			—			—			—			—
Cash dividends declared ($0.06 per common stock)		—			—		—			(1,680	)		—			—			(1,680	)		—			—		—			(1,588	)		—			—			(1,588	)
Net loss		—			—		—			(3,950	)		—			—			(3,950	)		—			—		—			(87,866	)		—			—			(87,866	)
Balance at June 30, 2021		27,946,941		$	3	$	332,287		$	207,325		$	(115,365	)	$	623		$	424,873
Balance at June 30, 2022																						26,544,096		$	3	$	333,747		$	16,547		$	(128,557	)	$	(41,194	)	$	180,546
Net unrealized change in investments, net of tax		—			—		—			—			—			(1,028	)		(1,028	)		—			—		—			—			—			(13,379	)		(13,379	)
Shares tendered for income taxes withholding		(6,473	)		—		(45	)		—			—			—			(45	)
Restricted stock vested		10,267			—		—			—			—			—			—
Adjustment to shares tendered for income taxes withholding																						—			—		—			—			—			—			—
Forfeiture on restricted stock																						(12,422	)		—		—			—			—			—			—
Stock-based compensation on restricted stock		—			—		320			—			—			—			320			—			—		499			—			—			—			499
Stock buy-back		(148,109	)		—		—			—			(1,005	)		—			(1,005	)		(632,744	)		—		—			—			(1,729	)		—			(1,729	)
Cash dividends declared ($0.06 per common stock)		—			—		—			(1,680	)		—			—			(1,680	)		—			—		—			—			—			—			—
Net loss		—			—		—			(16,410	)		—			—			(16,410	)		—			—		—			(48,240	)		—			—			(48,240	)
Balance at September 30, 2021		27,802,626		$	3	$	332,562		$	189,235		$	(116,370	)	$	(405	)	$	405,025
Balance at September 30, 2022																						25,898,930		$	3	$	334,246		$	(31,693	)	$	(130,286	)	$	(54,573	)	$	117,697

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,						For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022			2021			2023			2022
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net loss	$	(166,864	)	$	(25,509	)
Net income (loss)							$	14,363		$	(166,864	)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Stock-based compensation		1,507			866			2,126			1,507
Bond amortization and accretion		2,561			3,018			(2,484	)		2,561
Amortization of original issuance discount on debt		919			1,454			362			919
Goodwill impairment		91,959			—
Goodwill or intangible asset impairment								767			91,959
Depreciation and amortization		6,233			6,345			6,463			6,233
Allowance for bad debt		10			106			52			10
Net realized investment losses (gains)		121			(96	)
Net change for unrealized losses in other investments		—			1,022
Expected credit allowance on reinsurance								152			—
Net realized investment loss								49			121
Deferred income taxes, net		(8,781	)		(2,862	)		(439	)		(8,781	)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accrued investment income		(350	)		(305	)		92			(350	)
Premiums receivable, net		(4,211	)		2,488			12,441			(4,211	)
Prepaid reinsurance premiums		(115,495	)		(92,354	)		(96,707	)		(115,495	)
Reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid claims		(597,234	)		8,663			77,472			(597,234	)
Income taxes receivable, net		(2,021	)		(3,266	)
Income taxes receivable								(2,754	)		(2,021	)
Deferred policy acquisition costs, net		(6,768	)		(6,160	)		(4,481	)		(6,768	)
Right of use leased asset		2,535			(22,192	)		2,087			2,535
Other assets		1,139			(1,676	)		(1,551	)		1,139
Lease incentives		1,622			2,622
Unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses		619,186			(23,195	)		(160,486	)		619,186
Unearned premiums		61,494			35,686			32,231			61,494
Lease incentives								—			1,622
Reinsurance payable		86,570			162,812			82,860			86,570
Accrued interest		(160	)		(15	)		(441	)		(160	)
Accrued compensation		53			105			2,017			53
Advance premiums		13,351			15,073			7,190			13,351
Operating lease liabilities		(2,271	)		23,809			(1,905	)		(2,271	)
Other liabilities		(585	)		(13,667	)		1,182			(585	)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities		(15,480	)		72,772
Net cash used in operating activities								(29,342	)		(15,480	)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Fixed maturity securities sales, maturities and paydowns		56,334			147,406			241,983			56,334
Fixed maturity securities purchases								(250,783	)		(88,137	)
Purchases in other investments		(7,500	)		—			—			(7,500	)
Fixed maturity securities purchases		(88,137	)		(258,548	)
Return of capital in other investments		14,345			1,684
Sale on other investments and return of capital								5,080			14,345
Equity securities reinvestments of dividends		(99	)		—			(226	)		(99	)
Leasehold improvements		(3,539	)		(2,622	)		—			(3,539	)
Proceeds from sale of assets		—			45
Cost of property and equipment acquired		(4,911	)		(892	)		(8,445	)		(4,911	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(33,507	)		(112,927	)		(12,391	)		(33,507	)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Repayment of term note		(2,625	)		(3,750	)		(7,125	)		(2,625	)
Mortgage loan payments		(240	)		(228	)		(114	)		(240	)
Draw from credit facility		25,000			—
Proceeds from term loan facility		—			2,781
Draw from revolver								—			25,000
Repurchase of convertible notes		(22,529	)		—			—			(22,529	)
Purchase of treasury stock		(6,729	)		(1,005	)		—			(6,729	)
Tax withholdings on share-based compensation awards		(58	)		(171	)		(8	)		(58	)
Dividends paid		(4,771	)		(5,029	)		(11	)		(4,771	)
Net cash used in financing activities		(11,952	)		(7,402	)		(7,258	)		(11,952	)
Decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		(60,939	)		(47,557	)		(48,991	)		(60,939	)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period		364,752			446,383			287,572			364,752
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	303,813		$	398,826		$	238,581		$	303,813
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Income taxes paid	$	6,222		$	489		$	7,664		$	6,222
Interest paid	$	4,245		$	4,214		$	6,803		$	4,245

Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash to condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Restricted cash primarily represents funds held to meet regulatory requirements in certain states in which the Company operates.

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Heritage Insurance Holdings, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”). These statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Certain financial information that is normally included in annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP, but that is not required for interim reporting purposes, has been omitted. In the opinion of the Company’s management, all material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated and all adjustments consisting of normal recurring accruals which are necessary for a fair statement of the financial condition and results of operations for the interim periods have been reflected. The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements and related footnotes should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and related footnotes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021~~2022 filed on March ~~14, 2022~~13, 2023 (the ~~“2021~~“2022 Form 10-K”).

Significant accounting policies

~~Income Taxes~~

~~During a third quarter assessment of the Company's deferred tax position, a valuation allowance of $10.7~~ million was recorded against the Company's deferred tax asset as of September 30, 2022. Based on the Internal Revenue Code (“IRC”) Section 953(d) election made for Osprey Re, the Company's captive reinsurer domiciled in Bermuda, the Company concluded a valuation allowance for its net deferred tax assets was necessary because those net deferred tax assets can only be applied to offset future taxable income of Osprey Re. Based on current available evidence, management does not believe there will be sufficient future Osprey Re taxable income over the next year in order to realize those net deferred tax assets. In the event Osprey Re recognizes future taxable income, the proportionate amount of the net operating loss carryforward will be used and an equivalent amount of the valuation allowance will reverse.

~~Changes to Significant Accounting Policies~~

The accounting policies of the Company are set forth in Note 1 to ~~condensed~~the consolidated financial statements contained in the Company’s ~~2021~~2022 Form 10-K.

~~Reclassification~~

~~Certain prior year amounts reported on the condensed consolidated statements of cashflows have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.~~

~~Accounting Pronouncements adopted~~

~~In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06, "Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity's Own Equity"~~ . The ASU i)simplifies the accounting for convertible debt and convertible preferred stock by reducing the number of accounting models, and amends certain disclosures, ii) amends and simplifies the derivative scope exception guidance for contracts in an entity's own equity, including share-based compensation, and iii) amends the diluted earnings per share calculations for convertible instruments and contracts in an entity's own equity. The if-converted method will be the only permissible method for computing the dilutive effect of the convertible debt instruments. Interest expense no longer includes amortization of debt discount. The Company adopted the guidance of ASU 2020-06 on January 1, 2022, reporting no material impact to the Company's consolidated condensed financial statements or disclosures.

Accounting Pronouncements not yet adopted

~~In March 2022, the FASB issued ASU 2022-02, “2022-02~~ ~~Financial Instruments-Credit Losses~~” (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures (“ASU 2022-02”). ASU 2022-02 requires that an entity disclose current-period gross write-offs by year of origination for financing receivables and net investments in leases. ASU 2022-02 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those periods. Early adoption is permitted. The Company will adopt ASU 2022-02 during the first quarter of 2023 and will provide the required disclosures, if determined to be material.

The Company has documented the summary of its significant accounting policies in its Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements ~~annual report on~~contained in the Company’s 2022 Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to the Company’s accounting policies since the filing of that report.

No other new accounting pronouncements issued, but not yet ~~effective~~adopted, have had, or are expected to have, a material impact on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.

NOTE 2. INVESTMENTS

Securities Available-for-Sale

The amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, and fair value of the Company’s debt securities available-for-sale are as follows for the periods presented:


September 30, 2022	Cost or Adjusted / Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
September 30, 2023									Cost or Adjusted / Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Debt Securities Available-for-sale	(In thousands)								(In thousands)
U.S. government and agency securities (1)	$	118,629	$	11	$	4,354	$	114,286	$	174,962	$	5	$	2,377	$	172,590
States, municipalities and political subdivisions		105,221		1		13,037		92,185		94,079		—		12,099		81,980
Special revenue		290,424		47		34,153		256,318		256,159		—		33,054		223,104
Industrial and miscellaneous		190,091		44		19,732		170,403		191,247		7		17,409		173,845
Total	$	704,365	$	103	$	71,276	$	633,192	$	716,447	$	12	$	64,939	$	651,520

(1)

Includes securities at September 30, ~~2022~~2023 with a carrying amount of $~~26.4~~25.3 million that were pledged as collateral for the advance agreement entered into with a financial institution in 2018. The Company is permitted to withdraw or exchange any portion of the pledged collateral over the minimum requirement at any time.


December 31, 2022		Cost or Adjusted / Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Debt Securities Available-for-sale	(In thousands)
U.S. government and agency securities (1)		$	121,811	$	24	$	4,093	$	117,742
States, municipalities and political subdivisions			104,361		—		12,734		91,627
Special revenue			284,946		1		34,817		250,130
Industrial and miscellaneous			194,430		90		18,447		176,073
Total		$	705,548	$	115	$	70,091	$	635,572

December 31, 2021

Cost or Adjusted /
Amortized Cost

Gross Unrealized
Gains

Gross Unrealized
Losses

Fair Value

Debt Securities Available-for-sale
(In thousands)

U.S. government and agency securities (1)

$
73,923

$
184

$
282

$
73,825

States, municipalities and political subdivisions

106,727

242

1,270

105,699

Special revenue

291,005

1,084

3,520

288,569

Hybrid securities

99

—

—

99

Industrial and miscellaneous

203,491

636

2,965

201,162

Total

$
675,245

$
2,146

$
8,037

$
669,354

(1)

Includes securities at December 31, ~~2021~~2022 with a carrying amount of $~~22.5~~24.3 million that were pledged as collateral for the advance agreement entered into with a financial institution in 2018. The Company is permitted to withdraw or exchange any portion of the pledged collateral over the minimum requirement at any time.

Net Realized ~~(Losses)Gains~~and Unrealized Losses and Impairments

The following ~~table presents~~tables present net realized ~~(losses) gains~~losses on the Company’s debt securities available-for-sale for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, ~~and 2021, respectively:~~respectively:


	2023					2022
Three Months Ended September 30,	Gains (Losses)			Fair Value at Sale		Gains (Losses)			Fair Value at Sale
	(In thousands)
Debt Securities Available-for-Sale
Total realized gains	$	2		$	1,498	$	—		$	50
Total realized losses		(381	)		40,705		(3	)		110
Net realized losses	$	(379	)	$	42,202	$	(3	)	$	160


	2022					2021					2023					2022
Three Months Ended September 30,	Gains (Losses)			Fair Value at Sale		Gains (Losses)			Fair Value at Sale
Nine Months Ended September 30,											Gains (Losses)			Fair Value at Sale		Gains (Losses)			Fair Value at Sale
	(In thousands)										(In thousands)
Debt Securities Available-for-Sale
Total realized gains	$	—		$	50	$	2		$	3,470	$	1		$	1,900	$	32		$	2,451
Total realized losses		(3	)		110		(8	)		226		(391	)		41,137		(153	)		6,206
Net realized (losses) and gains	$	(3	)	$	160	$	(6	)	$	3,696
Net realized losses											$	(390	)	$	43,037	$	(121	)	$	8,657

2022

2021

Nine Months Ended September 30,

Gains
(Losses)

Fair Value at Sale

Gains
(Losses)

Fair Value at Sale

(In thousands)

Debt Securities Available-for-Sale

Total realized gains

$
32

$
2,451

$
106

$
24,265

Total realized losses

(153
)

6,206

(10
)

1,043

Net realized (losses) and gains

$
(121
)

$
8,657

$
96

$
25,308

AsThe following table presents the reconciliation of net realized losses and impairments of the Company’s investments reported for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2023 and 2022, respectively:


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
	(In thousands)
Gross realized gains on sales of available-for-sale securities	$	2		$	—		$	1		$	32
Impairments on other investments		—			—			(1,559	)		—
Realized losses on sales of available-for-sale securities		(381	)		(3	)		(391	)		(153	)
Gross realized gains on sale of other investments (1)		—			—			1,900			—
Net realized losses and impairments	$	(379	)	$	(3	)	$	(49	)	$	(121	)

(1) During the first quarter, the Company ~~recorded on~~sold its ~~condensed consolidated statement of operations~~investment in ~~net realized (losses) gains~~ an ~~impairment of approximately~~Insurtech company for $~~1.0~~4.0 million, resulting in a $1.9 million realized gain on ~~its REIT investment which is excluded from~~ the ~~table above.~~investment.

The table below summarizes the Company’s debt securities at September 30, ~~2022~~2023 by contractual maturity periods. Actual results may differ as issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations, with or without penalties, prior to the contractual maturity of those obligations.


	At September 30, 2022										At September 30, 2023
	Cost or Amortized Cost		Percent of Total			Fair Value		Percent of Total			Cost or Amortized Cost		Percent of Total			Fair Value		Percent of Total
Maturity dates:						(In thousands)					(In thousands)					(In thousands)
Due in one year or less	$	95,442		14	%	$	93,586		15	%	$	177,224		24.7	%	$	175,446		26.9	%
Due after one year through five years		342,738		49	%		313,712		50	%		356,122		49.7	%		325,531		50.0	%
Due after five years through ten years		199,300		28	%		165,917		26	%		148,815		20.8	%		121,684		18.7	%
Due after ten years		66,885		9	%		59,977		9	%		34,286		4.8	%		28,859		4.4	%
Total	$	704,365		100	%	$	633,192		100	%	$	716,447		100.0	%	$	651,520		100.0	%

Net Investment Income

The following table summarizes the Company’s net investment income by major investment category for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively:

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2022

2021

2022

2021

(In thousands)

(In thousands)

Debt securities

$
2,992

$
1,986

$
7,695

$
5,164

Equity securities

—

—

—

—

Cash and cash equivalents

273

17

433

72

Other investments

135

514

447

1,101

Net investment income

3,400

2,517

8,575

6,337

Less: Investment expenses

513

969

1,525

2,540

Net investment income, less investment expenses

$
2,887

$
1,548

$
7,050

$
3,797


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022		2023		2022
	(In thousands)
Debt securities	$	4,685	$	2,992	$	12,723	$	7,695
Equity securities		79		—		170		—
Cash and cash equivalents		1,746		273		6,195		433
Other investments		687		135		1,525		447
Net investment income		7,197		3,400		20,613		8,575
Less: Investment expenses		330		513		1,565		1,525
Net investment income, less investment expenses	$	6,867	$	2,887	$	19,048	$	7,050

The following tables present, for all debt securities available-for-sale in an unrealized loss position (including securities pledged) and for which no credit loss allowance has been established to date, the aggregate fair value and gross unrealized loss by length of time the security has continuously been in an unrealized loss position at September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021, respectively:~~2022, respectively (in thousands):


	Less Than Twelve Months						Twelve Months or More						Less Than Twelve Months						Twelve Months or More
September 30, 2022	Number of Securities		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Number of Securities		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
September 30, 2023													Number of Securities		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Number of Securities		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Debt Securities Available-for-sale
U.S. government and agency securities		93	$	4,023	$	98,801		5	$	331	$	8,911		24	$	141	$	67,724		58	$	2,236	$	63,678
States, municipalities and political subdivisions		61		5,166		39,273		64		7,871		47,766		2		32		2,261		109		12,067		77,265
Special revenue		378		15,277		121,001		153		18,876		103,038		26		184		11,773		427		32,870		208,881
Industrial and miscellaneous		190		7,376		98,431		103		12,356		66,066		56		523		34,925		211		16,886		133,162
Total fixed maturity securities		722	$	31,842	$	357,506		325	$	39,434	$	225,781		108	$	880	$	116,683		805	$	64,059	$	482,986

Less Than Twelve Months

Twelve Months or More

December 31, 2021

Number of
Securities

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

Fair Value

Number of
Securities

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

Fair Value

Debt Securities Available-for-sale

U.S. government and agency securities

43

$
282

$
57,420

—

$
—

$
—

States, municipalities and political
subdivisions

98

1,270

80,972

—

—

—

Special revenue

253

3,485

195,450

14

35

1,214

Industrial and miscellaneous

191

2,387

146,746

18

578

11,598

Total fixed maturity securities

585

$
7,424

$
480,588

32

$
613

$
12,812


	Less Than Twelve Months						Twelve Months or More
December 31, 2022	Number of Securities		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Number of Securities			Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value
Debt Securities Available-for-sale									��
U.S. government and agency securities		61	$	2,040	$	56,389		36		$	2,053	$	56,389
States, municipalities and political subdivisions		28		1,967		17,730		95			10,767		68,852
Special revenue		273		5,832		57,881		259			28,985		167,384
Industrial and miscellaneous		95		1,535		32,387		197			16,912		134,462
Total fixed maturity securities		457	$	11,374	$	164,386		587		$	58,717	$	427,087

The ~~Company completes a detailed analysis each quarter to assess whether~~Company’s unrealized losses on corporate bonds have not been recognized because the ~~decline in the fair value of any investment below its cost basis is the result~~bonds are of a high credit ~~loss. All available-for-sale~~quality with investment grade ratings. The average rating was an A+ for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The Company does not intend to sell and it is unlikely the Company will be required to sell the securities ~~with~~prior to their anticipated recovery. The debt issuers continue to make timely principal and interest payments on the bonds. After taking into account these and other factors previously described, the Company believes these unrealized losses ~~are reviewed. The Company considers~~

~~many factors~~generally were caused by an increase in ~~completing its quarterly review of~~market interest rates since the time the securities with unrealized losses for credit-related impairment to determine whether a credit loss exists, including the extent to which fair value is below cost, the implied yield to maturity, rating downgrades of the securitywere purchased and ~~whether or~~ not the issuer has failed to make scheduled principal or interest payments. The Company also takes into consideration information about the financial condition of the issuer and industry factors that could negatively impact the capital markets.

If the decline in fair value of an available-for-sale security below its amortized cost is considered to be the result of a credit loss, the Company compares the estimated present value of the cash flows expected to be collected to the amortized cost of the security. For the three and nine months ending September 30, 2022, management concluded that the decline in the fair value was notas a result of credit ~~losses but rather as a direct result from~~losses.

No credit loss allowance was recorded for the ~~increase in the market interest rates. Therefore, the Company did~~ no~~t have an allowance for credit losses as of~~nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 or for the year ended December 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

Quarterly, the Company considers whether it intends to sell an available-for-sale security or if it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized costs. In these instances, a decline in fair value is recognized in net income based on the fair value of the security at the time of assessment, resulting in a new cost basis for the security.

The Company makes passive investments in limited partnerships (“LPs”), which are accounted for using the equity method, with income reported in earnings. The Company also ~~makes~~holds a passive ~~investments~~investment in a Real Estate Investment Trust (“REIT”) ~~and an Insurtech company,~~, which ~~are~~is accounted for using the measurement alternative method, ~~which is~~and reported at cost less impairment (if any), plus or minus changes from observable price changes. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recorded a $1.6 million impairment on

certain non-consolidated VIEs. At December 31, 2022, the Company held an equity investment in an Insurtech company, which was sold during the three months ended March 31, 2023 at a gain.

The following table summarizes the carrying value and maximum loss exposure of the Company’s non-consolidated VIEs at September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021:~~2022, respectively (in thousands):

As of September 30, 2022

As of December 31, 2021

Carrying Value

Maximum Loss Exposure

Carrying Value

Maximum Loss Exposure

(in thousands)

Investments in non-consolidated VIEs - Equity Method

$
3,517

$
3,517

$
3,852

$
3,852

Investments in non-consolidated VIEs - Amortized Cost

$
8,490

$
8,490

$
15,000

$
15,000

Investments in non-consolidated VIEs - Measure Alternative

$
5,077

$
5,077

$
5,077

$
5,077

Total non-consolidated VIEs

$
17,084

$
17,084

$
23,929

$
23,929


	As of September 30, 2023				As of December 31, 2022
	Carrying Value		Maximum Loss Exposure		Carrying Value		Maximum Loss Exposure
Investments in non-consolidated VIEs - Equity method	$	1,821	$	1,821	$	3,517	$	3,517
Investments in non-consolidated VIEs - Amortized cost	$	8,490	$	8,490	$	8,490	$	8,490
Investments in non-consolidated VIEs - Measurement alternative	$	1,434	$	1,434	$	4,477	$	4,477
Total non-consolidated VIEs	$	11,745	$	11,745	$	16,484	$	16,484

No agreements exist requiring the Company to provide additional funding to any of the non-consolidated VIEs in excess of the Company’s initial investment.

NOTE 3. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL MEASUREMENTS

Fair value is determined based on the exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.

The Company is required to use an established hierarchy for fair value measurements based upon the inputs to the valuation and degree to which they are observable or not observable in the market. The three levels in the hierarchy are as follows:

•

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets/liabilities as of the reporting date.

•

Level 2 – Valuations based on observable inputs, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities at the measurement date; quoted prices in the markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly.

•

Level 3 – Pricing inputs are unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement, and the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

The highest priority is assigned to Level 1 inputs and the lowest priority to Level 3 inputs. ~~The Company did not hold any Level 3 assets or liabilities as of~~At September 30, ~~2022 or~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021.~~2022, there were no transfers in or out of Level 1, 2, and 3.

The following table presents information about the Company’s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company assesses the levels for the investments at each measurement date, and transfers between levels are recognized on the actual date of the

event or change in circumstances that caused the transfer in accordance with the Company’s accounting policy regarding the recognitions of transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy.

The tables below present the balances of the Company’s invested assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:


September 30, 2022	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
September 30, 2023									Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Invested Assets:	(in thousands)								(In thousands)
Debt Securities Available-for-sale
U.S. government and agency securities	$	114,286	$	—	$	114,286	$	—	$	172,590	$	—	$	172,590	$	—
States, municipalities and political subdivisions		92,185		—		92,185		—		81,980		—		81,980		—
Special revenue		256,318		—		256,318		—		223,104		—		223,104		—
Industrial and miscellaneous		170,403		—		170,403		—		173,845		—		173,845		—
Total investments	$	633,192	$	—	$	633,192	$	—	$	651,520	$	—	$	651,520	$	—

December 31, 2021

Total

Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)

Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)

Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Invested Assets:

(in thousands)

Debt Securities Available-for-sale

U.S. government and agency securities

$
73,825

$
364

$
73,461

$
—

States, municipalities and political subdivisions

105,699

—

105,699

—

Special revenue

288,569

—

288,569

—

Hybrid securities

99

—

99

—

Industrial and miscellaneous

201,162

—

201,162

—

Total investments

$
669,354

$
364

$
668,990

$
—


December 31, 2022	Total		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Invested Assets:	(In thousands)
Debt Securities Available-for-sale
U.S. government and agency securities	$	117,742	$	—	$	117,742	$	—
States, municipalities and political subdivisions		91,627		—		91,627		—
Special revenue		250,130		—		250,130		—
Industrial and miscellaneous		176,073		—		176,073		—
Total investments	$	635,572	$	—	$	635,572	$	—

Financial Instruments excluded from the fair value hierarchy

The carrying value of premium receivables, ~~and~~ accounts payable, accrued expense, revolving loans and borrowings under the Company’s senior secured credit facility approximate their fair value. The rate at which revolving loans and borrowings under the Company’s senior secured credit facility bear interest resets periodically at market interest rates.

Non-recurring fair value measurements

~~The Company determines the~~Assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value ~~of the goodwill and~~on a non-recurring basis include intangible assets ~~using a combination of a discounted cash flow approach~~which are recognized at fair value during the period in which an acquisition is completed, from updated estimates and ~~market approaches, which contain significant unobservable inputs and therefore~~assumptions during the measurement period, or when they are considered ~~a Level 3 fair value measurement. The unobservable inputs in the analysis generally include future cash flow projections and a discount rate.~~to be impaired.

For the ~~year~~nine months ended ~~December 31, 2021,~~September 30, 2023, the Company recorded ~~a goodwill impairment following its annual valuation review of approximately $~~61 ~~million. In the second quarter of 2021, the Company recognized~~ an impairment ~~in other investments~~ of approximately $1.0 million for a loss measurement based on the ~~estimated~~difference between the acquisition costs and current fair value (less any prior impairment loss that security previously recognized) on certain equity method investments. Changes in the fair value of equity securities are also included in net realized losses and impairment losses on the Company's ~~ownership interest.~~ Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income and are not reversed.

Certain of the Company’s investments are measured in accordance with GAAP for the type of investment, using methodologies other than fair value. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recorded an impairment for named intangible assets related to certain brands and customer relations within the Company's restoration service provider with a net value of $766,600, which were impaired due to the discontinuation of providing restoration services to the Company’s policyholders.

During the second quarter of 2022, ~~Management~~management concluded that it had a full impairment of its remaining goodwill and that the carrying value of $92.0 million should be written off based on the following factors: (i) disruptions in the equity markets, specifically for property and casualty insurance companies, largely due to recent weather-related catastrophe events; (ii) elevated loss ratios for property insurers in the Company's markets; and (iii) the Company's market cap was below book value.

NOTE 4. OTHER COMPREHENSIVE ~~LOSS~~(LOSS) INCOME

The following ~~table is a summary of~~tables summarize other comprehensive ~~loss~~income (loss) and ~~discloses~~disclose the tax impact of each component of other comprehensive ~~loss~~income (loss) for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively:


	For the Three Months Ended September 30,																		For the Three Months Ended September 30,
	2022									2021									2023									2022
	Pre-tax			Tax			After-tax			Pre-tax			Tax			After-tax			Pre-tax			Tax			After-tax			Pre-tax			Tax			After-tax
	(in thousands)																		(In thousands)
Other comprehensive loss
Change in unrealized losses on investments, net	$	(17,471	)	$	4,090		$	(13,381	)	$	(1,344	)	$	311		$	(1,033	)	$	(4,494	)	$	1,059		$	(3,435	)	$	(17,471	)	$	4,090		$	(13,381	)
Reclassification adjustment of realized losses (gains) included in net loss		3			(1	)		2			6			(1	)		5
Reclassification adjustment of realized losses included in net loss																				379			(89	)		290			3			(1	)		2
Effect on other comprehensive loss	$	(17,468	)	$	4,089		$	(13,379	)	$	(1,338	)	$	310		$	(1,028	)	$	(4,115	)	$	970		$	(3,145	)	$	(17,468	)	$	4,089		$	(13,379	)

For the Nine Months Ended September 30,

2022

2021

Pre-tax

Tax

After-tax

Pre-tax

Tax

After-tax

(in thousands)

Other comprehensive loss

Change in unrealized losses on investments, net

$
(65,403
)

$
15,310

$
(50,093
)

$
(8,316
)

$
1,928

$
(6,388
)
Reclassification adjustment of realized losses (gains) included in net loss

121

(28
)

93

(96
)

22

(74
)
Effect on other comprehensive loss

$
(65,282
)

$
15,282

$
(50,000
)

$
(8,412
)

$
1,950

$
(6,462
)


	For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023							2022
	Pre-tax		Tax			After-tax		Pre-tax			Tax			After-tax
	(In thousands)
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Change in unrealized gains (losses) on investments, net	$	4,664	$	(1,097	)	$	3,567	$	(65,403	)	$	15,310		$	(50,093	)
Reclassification adjustment of realized losses included in net income (loss)		390		(92	)		298		121			(28	)		93
Effect on other comprehensive income (loss)	$	5,054	$	(1,188	)	$	3,866	$	(65,282	)	$	15,282		$	(50,000	)

NOTE 5. LEASES

The Company has entered into operating and financing leases primarily for real estate and vehicles. The Company will determine whether an arrangement is a lease at inception of the agreement. The operating leases have terms of one to ten years, and often include one or more options to renew. These renewal terms can extend the lease term from two to ten years and are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise the option. The Company considers these options in determining the lease term used in establishing the Company’s right-of-use assets and lease obligations. The Company’s lease agreements do not contain any material residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants.

Because the rate implicit in each operating lease is not readily determinable, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate to determine present value of the lease payments. The Company used the implicit rates within the finance leases.

Components of the Company’s lease costs ~~for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021~~ were as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2022

Three Months Ended
September 30, 2021

Amortization of ROU assets - Finance leases

$
651

$
647

Interest on lease liabilities - Finance leases

244

263

Variable lease cost (cost excluded from lease payments)

287

112

Operating lease cost (cost resulting from lease payments)

350

339

Total lease cost

$
1,532

$
1,361


	For The Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023		2022
Operating lease cost, included in General & Administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations	$	1,183	$	1,055
Finance lease cost:
Amortization of assets, included in General & Administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations		1,921		1,943
Interest on lease liabilities, included in Interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations		671		739
Total finance lease cost	$	2,592	$	2,682
Variable lease cost, included in General & Administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations	$	1,175	$	713
Short-term lease cost, included in General & Administrative expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations	$	113	$	142

Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2022

Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2021

Amortization of ROU assets - Finance leases

$
1,943

$
1,321

Interest on lease liabilities - Finance leases

739

524

Variable lease cost (cost excluded from lease payments)

713

373

Operating lease cost (cost resulting from lease payments)

1,055

1,018

Total lease cost

$
4,450

$
3,236

Supplemental ~~cash flow~~balance sheet information ~~and non-cash activity~~ related to the Company’s operating and financing leases were as follows (in thousands):

At September 30, 2022

At September 30, 2021

Finance lease - Operating cash flows

$
737

$
31

Finance lease - Financing cash flows

$
1,540

$
100

Operating lease - Operating cash flows (fixed payments)

$
1,188

$
1,123

Operating lease - Operating cash flows (liability reduction)

$
942

$
840



Operating Leases	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Right of use assets	$	7,166	$	7,335
Lease liability	$	8,439	$	8,690
Finance Leases
Right of use assets	$	18,214	$	20,132
Lease liability	$	20,903	$	22,557

Weighted-average remaining lease term and discount rate for the Company’s operating and financing leases for the periods presented below were as follows:

September 30, 2022

September 30, 2021

Weighted average lease term - Finance leases

8.37 yrs.

9.34 yrs.

Weighted average lease term - Operating leases

5.68 yrs.

6.40 yrs.

Weighted average discount rate - Finance leases

4.2
%

4.2
%
Weighted average discount rate - Operating leases

5.4
%

5.3
%


Weighted-average remaining lease term	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Operating lease		5.80	yrs.		6.49	yrs.
Finance lease		7.41	yrs.		8.13	yrs.
Weighted-average discount rate
Operating lease		4.90	%		5.14	%
Finance lease		4.15	%		4.16	%

Maturities of lease liabilities by fiscal year for the Company’s operating and financing leases were as follows (in thousands):

September 30, 2022

2022 remaining

$
1,161

2023

4,592

2024

4,263

2025

3,970

2026

3,990

Thereafter

16,225

Total lease payments

34,201

Less: imputed interest

(5,300
)
Present value of lease liabilities

$
28,901


	Financing Lease			Operating Lease
2023	$	761		$	427
2024		3,101			1,716
2025		3,166			1,609
2026		3,197			1,587
2027		3,190			1,595
2028 and thereafter		10,920			2,846
Total lease payments		24,335			9,780
Less: imputed interest		(3,432	)		(1,341	)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	20,903		$	8,439

NOTE 6. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following at September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021:~~2022:

September 30, 2022

December 31, 2021

(In thousands)

Land

$
2,582

$
2,582

Building

10,141

10,141

Computer hardware and software

12,089

7,204

Office furniture and equipment

1,381

1,355

Tenant and leasehold improvements

10,172

8,255

Vehicle fleet

720

720

Total, at cost

37,085

30,257

Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization

(14,301
)

(12,831
)
Property and equipment, net

$
22,784

$
17,426


	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
	(In thousands)
Land	$	2,582		$	2,582
Building		9,599			9,599
Software in progress		14,081			6,884
Computer hardware and software		9,962			8,851
Office furniture and equipment		1,484			1,381
Tenant and leasehold improvements		10,519			10,485
Vehicle fleet		594			594
Total, at cost		48,821			40,376
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization		(16,403	)		(14,647	)
Property and equipment, net	$	32,418		$	25,729

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company invested $1.1 million and $7.1 million, respectively, for software development and implementation services for a new policy, billing and claims system. On June 12, 2023, the Company placed into service the claims component of the software valued at approximately $2.0 million with the remaining components anticipated to be placed into service in early 2024.

Depreciation and amortization expense for property and equipment was approximately $~~544,900~~653,000 and $~~736,000~~544,900 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Depreciation and ~~2021, respectively~~amortization expense for property and equipment was approximately $~~1.5~~1.8 million and $~~1.6~~1.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, respectively. The ~~Company’s~~Company owns real estate ~~consists~~consisting of 1513 acres of land, two buildings with a gross area of 88,378 square feet and a parking garage.

NOTE 7. ~~GOODWILL AND OTHER~~ INTANGIBLE ASSETS

~~Goodwill and Intangible Assets~~

At September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021, goodwill was $~~0 ~~and $92.0~~ ~~million and~~2022, intangible assets were $~~51.2~~44.1 million and $~~55.9~~49.6 million, respectively. The Company has determined the useful life of ~~the other~~its intangible assets to range between 2.5-15 years. Intangible assets include $1.3 million relating to insurance licenses which is classified as an indefinite lived ~~intangible and~~intangible. Impairment testing is ~~subject to annual impairment testing concurrent with goodwill.~~

Goodwill

(in thousands)

Balance as of December 31, 2021

$
91,959

Goodwill acquired

—

Impairment

(91,959
)
Balance as of September 30, 2022

$
—

required when events occur that indicate an asset may not be recoverable, such as a triggering event. Management ~~tests goodwill and~~reviews other intangible assets for impairment annually during the fourth quarter, or more frequently should events or changes in circumstances indicate that ~~goodwill or~~ the ~~Company’s~~Company's other intangible assets might be impaired.

The Company’s intangible assets consist of brand, agent relationships, renewal rights, customer relations, trade names and insurance licenses. During the second quarter of 2023, certain brand and customer relations within the Company's restoration provider with a net value of $766,600 were impaired due to the discontinuation of providing restoration services to the Company’s policyholders. The impairment loss of $766,600 was included in Goodwill and intangible asset impairment in the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Other than the impairment of certain brand and customer relations due to the discontinued services described above, there was no impairment of the intangible assets with definite lives for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

During the second quarter of 2022, management ~~determined a triggering event occurred for which it deemed an interim evaluation of goodwill was appropriate and~~ concluded the remaining balance of its goodwill was fully ~~impaired. The~~impaired and that its carrying value of $92.0 million ~~was~~be written off based on the following factors: (i) disruptions in the equity markets, specifically for property and casualty insurance companies, largely due to recent weather-related catastrophe events; (ii) elevated loss ratios for property insurers in the ~~Company’s~~Company's markets; and (iii) the ~~Company’s~~Company's market cap was below book value. These factors reduced the ~~Company’s~~Company's previously modeled fair value of the Company and resulted in a $92.0 million goodwill impairment charge, ~~as of the second quarter of 2022,~~ most of which ~~was~~is not tax deductible.

~~Other Intangible Assets~~14

~~The Company’s intangible assets consist of brand, agent relationships, renewal rights, customer relations, trade names, non-competes and insurance licenses.~~

Amortization expense of the Company’s intangible assets for each of the respective three ~~months~~and nine month periods ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022 was $1.6 million and ~~for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was~~ $4.8 ~~million.~~ million, respectively.No ~~impairment in the value of amortizing or non-amortizing intangible assets was recognized during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 or 2021.~~

Estimated annual pretax amortization of intangible assets for each of the next five years and thereafter is as follows (in thousands):


Year	Amount		Amount
2022 - remaining	$	1,588
2023	$	6,351
2023 - remaining			$	1,546
2024	$	6,351	$	6,183
2025	$	6,315	$	6,183
2026	$	6,114	$	6,033
2027			$	5,836
Thereafter	$	23,129	$	17,003
Total	$	49,848	$	42,786

NOTE 8. ~~LOSS~~EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted ~~loss~~earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) for the periods ~~indicated.~~indicated (amounts in thousands, except share and per share amounts).


		Three Months Ended September 30,								Nine Months Ended September 30,
		2023				2022				2023			2022
Basic and Diluted
Net (loss) income available to common shareholders — basic and diluted	$		(7,424	)	$		(48,240	)	$		14,363	$		(166,864	)
Common Shares
Basic
Weighted average shares outstanding			26,698,806				26,369,265				25,941,422			26,536,700
Diluted
Weighted average shares outstanding			26,698,806				26,369,265				25,941,422			26,536,700
Weighted average effects of dilutive securities — convertible notes			—				—				39,509			—
Total			26,698,806				26,369,265				25,980,931			26,536,700
Net (loss) income per common share
Basic	$		(0.28	)	$		(1.83	)	$		0.55	$		(6.29	)
Diluted	$		(0.28	)	$		(1.83	)	$		0.55	$		(6.29	)

For the reported periods in the table above with a net loss position the diluted earnings per shares would not be considered for the conversion as the Convertible Notes were antidilutive for the each of the respective periods.

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2022

2021

2022

2021

Basic loss per share:

Net loss attributable to common stockholders (000's)

$
(48,240
)

$
(16,410
)

$
(166,864
)

$
(25,509
)
Weighted average shares outstanding

26,369,265

27,938,028

26,536,700

27,902,814

Basic loss per share:

$
(1.83
)

$
(0.59
)

$
(6.29
)

$
(0.91
)

Diluted loss per share:

Net loss attributable to common stockholders (000's)

$
(48,240
)

$
(16,410
)

$
(166,864
)

$
(25,509
)
Weighted average shares outstanding

26,369,265

27,938,028

26,536,700

27,902,814

Total weighted average dilutive shares

26,369,265

27,938,028

26,536,700

27,902,814

Diluted loss per share:

$
(1.83
)

$
(0.59
)

$
(6.29
)

$
(0.91
)

The Company had ~~196,914~~ ~~and~~ ~~2,677,355~~59,263 antidilutive shares asfor the three months ended September 30, 2023 and 196,914, antidilutive shares for the comparable period of September 30, ~~2022 and 2021, respectively.~~2022. The convertible notes were excluded from the computations because the conversion price on these notes was greater than the average market price of ~~our~~the Company's common ~~shares~~stock during each of the respective periods, and therefore, would be anti-dilutive to earnings per share under the "if converted" method under the guidance of ASU 2020-06, adopted by the Company on January 1, 2022.

NOTE 9. DEFERRED REINSURANCE CEDING COMMISSION

The Company defers reinsurance ceding commission income, which is amortized over the effective period of the related insurance policies. For the three months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, the Company allocated ceding commission income of $~~11.7~~11.9 million and $~~12.0~~11.7 million to policy acquisition costs and $~~3.8~~4.0 million and $~~4.0~~3.8 million to general and administrative expense, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, the Company allocated ceding commission income of $~~34.9~~37.3 million and $~~35.2~~34.9 million to policy acquisition costs and $~~11.5~~12.3 million and $~~11.6~~11.5 million to general and administrative expense, respectively.

The table below depicts the activity regarding deferred reinsurance ceding commission, included in accounts payable and other liabilities during the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021.~~2022.


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
	(In thousands)
Beginning balance of deferred ceding commission income	$	37,990		$	38,529		$	42,758		$	40,405
Ceding commission deferred		13,957			17,046			42,866			46,110
Less: ceding commission earned		(15,914	)		(15,486	)		(49,591	)		(46,426	)
Ending balance of deferred ceding commission income	$	36,033		$	40,089		$	36,033		$	40,089

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2022

2021

2022

2021

(In thousands)

Beginning balance of deferred reinsurance ceding commission income

$
38,529

$
39,940

$
40,405

$
39,995

Ceding commission deferred

17,046

17,659

46,110

48,447

Less: ceding commission earned

(15,486
)

(15,978
)

(46,426
)

(46,821
)
Ending balance of deferred reinsurance ceding commission income

$
40,089

$
41,621

$
40,089

$
41,621

NOTE 10. DEFERRED POLICY ACQUISITION COSTS

The Company defers certain costs in connection with written policies, called deferred policy acquisition costs (“DPAC”), which are amortized over the effective period of the related insurance policies.

The Company anticipates that its DPAC will be fully recoverable in the near term. The table below depicts the activity regarding DPAC for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021.~~2022.


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021			2023			2022			2023			2022
	(In thousands)												(In thousands)
Beginning Balance	$	99,468		$	95,967		$	93,881		$	89,265		$	106,736		$	99,468		$	99,617		$	93,881
Policy acquisition costs deferred		39,194			47,976			139,028			144,380			42,427			39,194			149,536			139,028
Amortization		(38,013	)		(48,518	)		(132,260	)		(138,220	)		(45,064	)		(38,013	)		(145,054	)		(132,260	)
Ending Balance	$	100,649		$	95,425		$	100,649		$	95,425		$	104,098		$	100,649		$	104,098		$	100,649

NOTE 11. INCOME TAXES

The Company files a consolidated federal income tax return. Deferred federal income taxes reflect the future tax consequences of differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year end. The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred taxes for temporary differences between the financial statement and tax return basis of assets and liabilities.

Deferred tax assets generally represent items that can be used as a tax deduction or credit in future years for which the Company has already recorded the tax benefit in its income statement. Deferred tax liabilities generally represent tax expense recognized in the Company's financial statements for which payment has been deferred or expenditures for which the Company has already taken a deduction in its tax return but have not yet been recognized in its financial statements. Under GAAP the Company is required to evaluate the recoverability of its deferred tax assets and establish a valuation allowance if necessary to reduce its deferred tax assets to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized. Significant judgment is required in determining whether valuation allowances should be established, as well as the amount of such allowances.

The Company establishes or adjusts valuation allowances for deferred tax assets when it estimates that it is more likely than not that future taxable income will be insufficient to realize the value of the deferred tax assets. The Company evaluates all significant available positive and negative evidence as part of its analysis. Negative evidence includes the existence of losses in recent years. Positive evidence includes the forecast of future taxable income and tax-planning strategies that would result in the realization of deferred tax assets. The underlying assumptions its uses in forecasting future taxable income require significant judgment and take into account the Company's recent performance. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets depends on the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which temporary differences are deductible or creditable. If actual experience differs from these estimates and assumptions, the recognized deferred tax asset value may not be fully realized, resulting in an increase to income tax expense in its results of operations.

~~As of September 30, 2022. the Company recognized a valuation allowance of $10.7~~ million against the net deferred tax assets generated at its foreign domiciled captive reinsurer, Osprey Re. The Company can only realize those net deferred tax assets to the extent Osprey Re contributes future taxable income to the consolidated group. Management believes there is not sufficient evidence at the current time to realize the Osprey Re net deferred tax assets within the next calendar year. The valuation allowance is accounted for as an increase to income tax expense for the quarter. Osprey Re’s future taxable income can be used to apply against its net deferred tax assets to reduce taxable income and the valuation allowance will decrease proportionately resulting in a reduction of income tax expense. Changes in tax laws and rates may affect recorded deferred tax assets and liabilities and its effective tax rate in the future.

For the three months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, the Company recorded aincome tax ~~benefit~~benefits of $~~1.1~~4.6 million and $1.1 million, respectively, which corresponds to effective tax rates of ~~2.2~~38.3% and ~~6.4~~2.2%, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, the Company recorded an income tax provision of $4.5 million and an income tax benefit of $11.2 ~~million and $5.6~~ million, respectively, which corresponds to effective tax rates of ~~6.3~~23.7% and ~~18.1~~6.3%, respectively. The effective tax ~~rates~~rate for the three ~~and~~months ended September 30, 2023 benefited from a reduction in the valuation allowance related to certain tax elections made by Osprey Re, the Company’s captive reinsurer domiciled in Bermuda. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was impacted by the establishment of a $10.7 million valuation allowance related to Osprey Re. The Company re-evaluates the valuation allowance on a quarterly basis.

The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 benefitted from a reduction in the valuation allowance as described above. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 ~~were~~was impacted by the mostly non-deductible goodwill impairment charge ~~taken in the second quarter~~and establishment of ~~2022 described in~~ a $~~Note 7. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets~~ 10.7~~as well as~~ million increase to the valuation ~~allowance described above.~~allowance. Effective tax rates are dependent upon components of pre-tax earnings and the related tax effects.

The effective tax rate ~~for each period was~~is also affected by various permanent tax differences ~~including disallowed executive compensation deductions which was further limited in 2018~~ and future years upon the enactment of H.R.1, commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”). Additionally, the state effective income tax rate can also fluctuate as a result of changes in the geographic dispersion of the Company’s business. Finally, the effective tax rate can fluctuate throughout the year as estimates used in the tax provision for each quarter are updated as more information becomes available throughout the year. Additionally, the state effective income tax rate can also fluctuate as a result of changes in the geographic dispersion of the Company’s business.

The table below summarizes the significant components of the Company’s net deferred ~~asset (liability):~~tax assets:

September 30, 2022

December 31, 2021

Deferred tax assets:

(In thousands)

Unearned premiums

$
13,454

$
15,805

Unearned commission

9,384

9,459

State net operating loss

1,490

1,222

Tax-related discount on loss reserve

4,799

3,872

Stock-based compensation

455

84

Accrued expenses

1,481

1,182

Leases

841

792

Unrealized losses

17,195

1,913

Federal net operating loss carryforward

15,752

—

Other

416

472

Valuation allowance

(10,650
)

—

Total deferred tax asset

54,617

34,801

Deferred tax liabilities:

Deferred acquisition costs

23,561

21,977

Prepaid expenses

118

177

Property and equipment

1,221

1,504

Note discount

225

187

Basis in purchased investments

666

34

Basis in purchased intangibles

—

14,550

Internal revenue code 481(a)-Accounting method change

1,104

4,416

Amortization of goodwill

11,459

—

Other

1,626

1,382

Total deferred tax liabilities

39,980

44,227

Net deferred tax asset (liability)

$
14,637

$
(9,426
)

~~As of September 30, 2022, the Company has a gross operating loss carryforward for federal and state~~


	September 30, 2023			December 31, 2022
Deferred tax assets:	(In thousands)
Unearned premiums	$	19,083		$	17,060
Unearned ceding commission		8,472			10,053
Net operating loss		1,110			1,189
Tax-related discount on loss reserve		5,783			4,902
Stock-based compensation		827			297
Accrued expenses		1,833			1,016
Leases		672			885
Unrealized losses		15,885			16,987
Dual Consolidated loss limitation		1,437			9,740
Other		363			238
Total deferred tax asset		55,465			62,367
Valuation allowance		(1,870	)		(6,376	)
Adjusted deferred tax asset		53,595			55,991
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred acquisition costs	$	24,474		$	23,420
Prepaid expenses		262			180
Property and equipment		630			2,200
Note discount		290			290
Basis in purchased investments		8			28
Basis in purchased intangibles		9,932			11,178
Other		1,907			1,854
Total deferred tax liabilities		37,503			39,150
Net deferred tax assets	$	16,092		$	16,841

The income tax ~~purposes~~expense or benefit differs from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate of $as indicated below to pretax income as a result of the following:~~20.7~~


	For the Nine Month Ended September 30,
	2023				2022
Expected income tax expense at federal rate		21.0		%		21.0		%
Tax exempt interest		(0.6	)	%		0.1		%
Executive compensation 162(m)		0.6		%		(0.1	)	%
Permanent items		18.4		%		(0.1	)	%
State tax expense		8.2		%		1.4		%
Change in valuation allowance		(23.9	)	%		(6.0	)	%
Goodwill impairment		0.0		%		(9.9	)	%
Reported income tax expense		23.7		%		6.3		%

~~million and $45.8~~ ~~million, respectively, which will expire after~~ ~~2042~~. The statute of limitations related to the Company’s federal and state income tax returns remains open from the Company’s filings for ~~2018~~2020 through ~~2021.~~2022.

~~Osprey Re, our reinsurance affiliate, based in Bermuda, made an irrevocable election under IRC Section 953(d) to be treated as a domestic insurance company for U.S. Federal~~At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had no significant uncertain tax positions or unrecognized tax benefits that, if recognized, would impact the effective income tax purposes. As a result of this election, the Company's reinsurance subsidiary is subject to United States income tax as if it were a U.S. corporation. Furthermore, limitations may be imposed on the ability to utilize Osprey Re’s deferred tax assets to the extent it has not contributed income to the consolidated group during its inclusion in the consolidated group.rate.

NOTE 12. REINSURANCE

Overview

In order to limit the Company’s potential exposure to individual risks and catastrophic events, the Company purchases significant reinsurance from third party reinsurers. Purchasing reinsurance is an important part of the Company’s risk strategy, and premiums ceded to reinsurers is one of the Company’s largest costs. The Company has strong relationships with reinsurers, which it attributes to its management’s industry experience, disciplined underwriting, and claims management capabilities. For each of the twelve months beginning June 1, ~~2021~~2023 and 2022, the Company purchased reinsurance from the following sources: (i) the Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Fund, a state-mandated catastrophe fund (“FHCF”) for Florida admitted market policies only, (ii) private reinsurers, all of which were rated “A-” or higher by A.M. Best Company, Inc. (“A.M. Best”) or Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC (“S&P”) or were fully collateralized, and (iii) the Company’s captive wholly-owned reinsurance subsidiary, Osprey Re Ltd. (“~~Osprey”~~Osprey Re”). ~~Additionally, for the~~The Company also sponsored catastrophe bonds in 2023 and 2022 ~~hurricane season, the Company purchased a portion of the Company's catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance program from~~through Citrus Re Ltd. ~~(“Citrus Re)~~, a Bermuda special purpose insurer, ~~formed in 2014,~~which provides an alternative to traditional reinsurance through the ~~2022-1 notes, which cover~~issuance of catastrophe ~~losses incurred for specific states.~~bonds. In addition to purchasing excess of loss catastrophe reinsurance, the Company also purchased quota share, property per risk and facultative reinsurance. The Company’s quota share program limits its exposure on catastrophe and non-catastrophe losses and provides ceding commission income. The Company’s per risk programs limit its net exposure in the event of a severe non-catastrophe loss impacting a single

location or risk. The Company also utilizes facultative reinsurance to supplement its per risk reinsurance program where the Company capacity needs dictate.

Purchasing a sufficient amount of reinsurance to cover catastrophic losses from single or multiple events or significant non-catastrophe losses is an important part of the Company’s risk strategy. Reinsurance involves transferring, or “ceding”, a portion of the risk exposure on policies the Company writes to another insurer, known as a reinsurer. To the extent that the Company’s reinsurers are

unable to meet the obligations they assume under the Company’s reinsurance agreements, the Company remains liable for the entire insured loss.

The Company’s reinsurance agreements are prospective contracts. The Company records an asset, prepaid reinsurance premiums, and a liability, reinsurance payable, for the entire contract amount upon commencement of the Company’s new reinsurance agreements. The Company generally amortizes its catastrophe reinsurance premiums ratably over the ~~12-month~~ ~~contract period, which is June 1 through May 31. Its quota share reinsurance is amortized over the~~ ~~12-month~~ ~~contract period and may be purchased on a calendar or fiscal year basis.~~

In the event that the Company incurs losses and loss adjustment expenses recoverable under its reinsurance program, the Company records amounts recoverable from its reinsurers on paid losses plus an estimate of amounts recoverable on unpaid losses. The estimate of amounts recoverable on unpaid losses is a function of its liability for unpaid losses associated with the reinsured policies; therefore, the amount changes in conjunction with any changes to its estimate of unpaid losses. As a result, a reasonable possibility exists that an estimated recovery may change significantly in the near term from the amounts included in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

~~The Company’s~~ insurance regulators require all insurance companies, like ~~us,~~the Company, to have a certain amount of capital and reinsurance coverage in order to cover losses and loss adjustment expenses upon the occurrence of a catastrophic event. The Company’s reinsurance program provides reinsurance in excess of its state regulator requirements, which are based on the probable maximum loss that it would incur from an individual catastrophic event estimated to occur once in every 100 years based on its portfolio of insured risks. The nature, severity and location of the event giving rise to such a probable maximum loss differs for each insurer depending on the insurer’s portfolio of insured risks, including, among other things, the geographic concentration of insured value within such portfolio. As a result, a particular catastrophic event could be a ~~one-in-100-year~~1-in-100 year loss event for one insurance company while having a greater or lesser probability of occurrence for another insurance company. The Company also purchases reinsurance coverage to protect against the potential for multiple catastrophic events occurring in the same year. The Company shares portions of its reinsurance program coverage among its insurance company affiliates.

~~2022-2023~~2023 - 2024 Reinsurance Program

Catastrophe Excess of Loss Reinsurance

Effective June 1, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company entered into catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance agreements covering Heritage Property & Casualty Insurance Company (“Heritage P&C”), Zephyr Insurance Company (“Zephyr”) and Narragansett Bay Insurance Company (“NBIC”). The catastrophe reinsurance programs are allocated among traditional reinsurers, the Florida Hurricane Catastrophe Fund (“FHCF”), Citrus Re ~~Ltd.,~~ and Osprey ~~Re Ltd (“Osprey”), the Company’s captive reinsurer.~~Re. The FHCF covers Florida admitted market risks only and the Company elected to participate at 90% for the ~~2022~~2023 hurricane season. Additionally, for Florida admitted market risks, the Company also has reinsurance from the Reinsurance to Assist Policyholders (“RAP”) program created by the Florida legislature, which provides reinsurance at no cost to the Company. Osprey Re will provide reinsurance for a portion of the Heritage P&C, NBIC and Zephyr programs. The Company’s third-party reinsurers are either rated “A-” or higher by A.M. Best or S&P or are fully collateralized, to reduce credit risk. Osprey Re isand Citrus Re are fully ~~collateralized.~~collateralized programs.

The reinsurance program, which is segmented into layers of coverage, protects the Company for excess property catastrophe losses and loss adjustment expenses. The ~~2022-2023~~2023-2024 reinsurance program provides first event coverage up to $~~1.3~~1.1 billion for Heritage P&C, first event coverage up to $~~1.2~~1.3 billion for NBIC, and first event coverage up to $~~780.0~~870.0 million for Zephyr. The Company’s first event retention in a 1 in 100-year event would include retention for the respective insurance company as well as any retention by Osprey. The first event maximum retention up to a 1 in 100-year event for each insurance company subsidiary is as follows: Heritage P&C – $40.0 million, of which $~~35.0~~40.0 million would be ceded to Osprey; NBIC – $30.0 million of which $~~30.0~~30 million would be ceded to Osprey in a shared contract with Zephyr; and Zephyr – $~~40.0~~40 million, of which $~~30.0~~30 million would be ceded to Osprey in a shared contract with NBIC.

The Company is responsible for all losses and loss adjustment expenses in excess of the Company's reinsurance program. For second or subsequent catastrophic events, the Company’s total available coverage depends on the magnitude of the first event, as the Company may have coverage remaining from layers that were not previously fully exhausted. An aggregate of $~~3.2~~2.9 billion of limit purchased in ~~2022~~2023 includes reinstatement through the purchase of reinstatement premium protection. The amount of coverage, however, will be subject to the severity and frequency of such events.

~~The Company's estimated net cost for the 2022-2023 catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance programs was approximately $359.5~~ ~~million. This cost estimate is based on projected exposures for which there is a true up as of August 31, 2022.~~

Additionally, the Company placed an occurrence contract for business underwritten by NBIC which covers all catastrophe losses excluding named storms, on December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, expiring December 31, ~~2022~~2023. The ~~limit on the~~ contract is 70% placed with a $15.0 million limit in excess of a retention of $25.0 million, with the remaining 30% placed with a $20.0 million ~~with~~limit in excess of a retention of $20.0 million, ~~and has~~with one reinstatement available.

The Company placed an aggregate contract for the Company’s business underwritten by NBIC which covers all catastrophe losses excluding named storms, on December 1, ~~2021,~~2022, expiring March 31, ~~2022~~2023. The limit on the contract is $20.0 million with an aggregate retention of $21.0 million, with a $21.0 million per occurrence cap, and a $~~1.0~~2.0 million franchise deductible.

Net Quota Share Reinsurance

The Company’s Net Quota Share coverage is proportional reinsurance, which applies to business underwritten by NBIC, for which certain of the Company’s other reinsurance (property catastrophe excess of loss and the second layer of the general excess of loss) inures to the quota share program. An occurrence limit of $20.0 million for catastrophe losses is in effect on the quota share program, subject to certain aggregate loss limits that vary by reinsurer. The amount and rate of ceding commissions slide, within a

prescribed minimum and maximum, depending on loss performance. The Net Quota Share program was renewed on December 31, ~~2021~~2022 ceding ~~50.0~~41.0% of the net premiums and losses and 516.0% of the prior year quota share is in run off.

Per Risk Coverage

For losses arising from business underwritten by Heritage P&C and losses arising from commercial residential business underwritten by NBIC, excluding losses from named storms, the Company purchased property per risk coverage for losses and loss adjustment expenses in excess of $1.0 million per claim. The limit ~~recovered~~recoverable for an individual loss is $9.0 million and total limit for all losses is $27.0 million. There are two reinstatements available with additional premium due based on the amount of the layer exhausted. This coverage is 100% placed for the contract period of June 15, 2022 through June 14, 2023, and 90% placed for the contract period from June 15, 2023 through June 14, 2024. For losses arising from ~~commercial~~personal residential business underwritten by NBIC, the Company also purchased property per risk coverage for losses and loss adjustments expenses in excess of $750,000 per claim. The limit recovered for an individual loss is $250,000 and total limit for all losses is $750,000. There are two reinstatements available with additional premium due based on the amount of the layer exhausted.

In addition, the Company purchased facultative reinsurance for losses in excess of $10.0 million for any properties it insured where the total insured value exceeded $10.0 million. This coverage applies to losses arising from business underwritten by Heritage P&C and losses arising from commercial residential business underwritten by NBIC, excluding losses from named storms. The Company also purchased facultative reinsurance for losses underwritten by NBIC in excess of $3.5 million.

General Excess of Loss

The Company’s general excess of loss reinsurance protects business underwritten by NBIC and Zephyr multi-peril policies from single risk losses. For the contract period of July 1, ~~2021~~2022 through June 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the coverage ~~is in~~ ~~two~~ ~~layers in excess of the Company’s retention of the first $500,000~~ ~~of loss. The first layer is $250,000~~ ~~excess $500,000~~ ~~for property and casualty losses and the second layer for property losses~~ is $2.75 million excess $750,000~~. The second layer~~ for ~~casualty~~property losses isand $1.25 million excess $750,000. for casualty losses, and is 67.5% placed. For the contract period of July 1, ~~2022~~2023 through June 30, ~~2023,~~2024, the coverage ~~for property losses~~ is $~~2.75~~2.5 million excess $~~750,000~~1.0 ~~and~~million for ~~casualty~~property losses isand $~~1.25~~1.0 million excess $~~750,000~~.

~~In addition, the Company purchased facultative reinsurance for losses underwritten by NBIC in excess of $3.5~~1.0 ~~million.~~million for casualty losses, and is 67.5% placed.

For a detailed discussion of the Company’s ~~2021-2022~~2022-2023 Reinsurance Program ~~please refer~~Refer to Part I, “Business”, Part II, Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” and “Note 12. Reinsurance” in the Company’s ~~2021~~2022 Form 10-K.

Effect of Reinsurance

The Company’s reinsurance arrangements had the following effect on certain items in the condensed consolidated statement of income for the three and nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021:~~2022:


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,						Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022			2021			2022			2021			2023			2022			2023			2022
	(In thousands)						(In thousands)						(In thousands)						(In thousands)
Premium written:
Direct	$	304,501		$	274,178		$	952,981		$	886,059		$	309,510		$	304,501		$	1,016,378		$	952,981
Ceded		(60,885	)		(53,505	)		(536,139	)		(491,677	)		(54,850	)		(60,885	)		(561,283	)		(536,139	)
Net	$	243,616		$	220,673		$	416,842		$	394,382		$	254,660		$	243,616		$	455,095		$	416,842
Premiums earned:
Direct	$	307,959		$	294,409		$	891,539		$	850,466		$	336,976		$	307,959		$	984,012		$	891,539
Ceded		(148,266	)		(131,964	)		(420,645	)		(399,323	)		(160,335	)		(148,266	)		(464,539	)		(420,645	)
Net	$	159,693		$	162,445		$	470,894		$	451,143		$	176,641		$	159,693		$	519,473		$	470,894
Loss and Loss Adjustment Expenses
Direct	$	809,993		$	195,099		$	1,147,243		$	483,382		$	450,524		$	809,993		$	757,560		$	1,147,243
Ceded		(654,144	)		(65,467	)		(749,834	)		(155,006	)		(319,127	)		(654,144	)		(422,065	)		(749,834	)
Net	$	155,849		$	129,632		$	397,409		$	328,376		$	131,397		$	155,849		$	335,495		$	397,409

NOTE 13. RESERVE FOR UNPAID LOSSES

The Company determines the reserve for unpaid losses on an individual-case basis for all incidents reported. The liability also includes amounts which are commonly referred to as incurred but not reported, or “IBNR”, claims as of the balance sheet date. The

Company estimates its IBNR reserves by projecting its ultimate losses using industry accepted actuarial methods and then deducting actual loss payments and case reserves from the projected ultimate losses. ~~Hurricane Ian struck Florida as a strong Category 4 hurricane on September 28, 2022. Gross catastrophe losses from Hurricane Ian are estimated to be of $655.4~~ ~~million with net retained losses of $40.0~~ ~~million. Gross losses from Hurricane Irma caused an increase in the ending balance as indicated below.~~

The table below summarizes the activity related to the Company’s reserve for unpaid losses:

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2022

2021

2022

2021

(In thousands)

Balance, beginning of period

$
553,909

$
625,979

$
590,166

$
659,341

Less: reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses

235,239

366,879

301,757

397,688

Net balance, beginning of period

318,670

259,100

288,409

261,653

Incurred related to:

Current year

156,855

130,425

395,921

331,374

Prior years

(1,006
)

(793
)

1,489

(2,998
)
Total incurred

155,849

129,632

397,410

328,376

Paid related to:

Current year

70,914

75,508

170,255

171,128

Prior years

24,088

27,273

136,047

132,950

Total paid

95,002

102,781

306,302

304,078

Net balance, end of period

379,517

285,951

379,517

285,951

Plus: reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses

829,835

350,195

829,835

350,195

Balance, end of period

$
1,209,352

$
636,146

$
1,209,352

$
636,146


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2023			2022			2023			2022
	(In thousands)
Balance, beginning of period	$	817,859		$	553,909		$	1,131,807		$	590,166
Less: reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses		442,289			235,239			759,681			301,757
Net balance, beginning of period		375,570			318,670			372,126			288,409
Incurred related to:
Current year		130,604			156,855			338,890			395,921
Prior years		793			(1,006	)		(3,395	)		1,489
Total incurred		131,397			155,849			335,495			397,410
Paid related to:
Current year		76,524			70,914			160,468			170,255
Prior years		(18,512	)		24,088			98,198			136,047
Total paid		58,012			95,002			258,666			306,302
Net balance, end of period		448,955			379,517			448,955			379,517
Plus: reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses		522,366			829,835			522,366			829,835
Balance, end of period	$	971,321		$	1,209,352		$	971,321		$	1,209,352

The Company believes that the reserve for unpaid losses reasonably represents the amount necessary to pay all claims and related expenses which may arise from incidents that have occurred as of the balance sheet date.

As of September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company reported $~~379.5~~449.0 million in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses, net of reinsurance which included $~~266.8~~291.0 million attributable to IBNR net of reinsurance recoverable, or ~~70.34~~64.8% of net reserves for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses. For the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company experienced $793,000 of net unfavorable prior year loss development compared to $1.0 million of net favorable prior year loss development for the three months ended September 30, 2022. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company experienced $3.4 million of net favorable prior year loss development compared to $1.5 million of net unfavorable prior year loss development for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid losses includes expected reinsurance recoveries associated with reinsurance contracts the Company has in place. The amount may include recoveries from catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance, net quota share reinsurance, per risk reinsurance, and facultative reinsurance contracts. As further described in Note 17, Commitments and Contingencies, to the condensed consolidated financial statements for the second quarter of 2023, the Company's 2017 reinsurance agreement with the FHCF required a commutation no later than 60 months after the end of the contract year. As part of this process, Heritage and FHCF terminated the 2017 reinsurance agreement and agreed on the amount that the FHCF would pay to the Company to settle all outstanding losses owed under the agreement related to losses from Hurricane Irma. As such, this commutation process resulted in a final determination of and payment for known, unknown or unreported claims relating to Hurricane Irma. Social inflation and the litigated claims environment in the State of Florida, which affected Hurricane Irma claims, could result in adverse development of these claims, which creates uncertainty as to the ultimate cost to settle all of the remaining Hurricane Irma claims. Accordingly, the final amount paid by the FHCF could vary from the Company’s future estimation of losses to be recovered from the FHCF. The commutation process was finalized and binding for both parties upon completion which occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2023. The final payment by the FHCF was received by the Company in September 2023.

NOTE 14. LONG-TERM DEBT

Convertible Senior Notes

In August 2017 and September 2017, the Company issued in aggregate $136.8 million of 5.875% Convertible Senior Notes (“Convertible Notes”) maturing on August 1, 2037, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears, on February 1, and August 1 of each ~~year.~~ year

~~As of September 30, 2022, the Company had $885,000~~ ~~of the Convertible Notes outstanding, net of $21.1~~ million of Convertible Notes held by an insurance company subsidiary. For each of the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company made interest payments, net of affiliated Convertible Notes of approximately $~~1.0~~ ~~million and $1.3~~ ~~million, on the Convertible Notes, respectively.~~

Holders of the 5.875% Convertible Senior Notes due 2037 (the “Notes”) issued by the Company had an optional put right, pursuant to the indenture governing the Notes, to require the Company to repurchase the aggregate principal amount of Notes that are validly tendered. The Company received notice from the Depositary for the Notes that, on July 29, 2022, $~~10,895,000~~ aggregate principal amount of the Notes has been validly tendered in accordance with the terms of the indenture and the Company’s notice with respect to the optional put right of the Notes, and the Company directed the trustee to cancel the Notes tendered. Prior to this transaction, the outstanding balance as of September 30, 2022 of non-affiliated Notes was $~~11.8~~ ~~million. On August 1, 2022, the Company made payments for the principal amount of the Notes tendered and unpaid interest in the aggregate amounts of $10.9~~ ~~million and $320,041, respectively. The Company used $10.0~~ ~~million from its revolving credit facility to replenish the cash used to pay the $10.9~~ ~~million for the purchase of the tendered Notes.~~

. In January 2022, the Company reacquired and retired $11.7 million of its outstanding Convertible Senior Notes. Payment was made in cash and the Convertible Notes were retired at the time of repurchase. In addition, the Company expensed $242,700 which ~~represents~~was the proportionate amount of the unamortized issuance and debt discount costs associated with this repurchase.

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had approximately $885,000 of the Convertible Notes outstanding, net of $21.1 million of Convertible Notes held by an insurance company subsidiary. For each of the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company made interest payments, net of affiliated Convertible Notes, of approximately $52,000 and $1.0 million, on the outstanding Convertible Notes, respectively.

Senior Secured Credit Facility

The Company is party to a ~~five-year, $150.0~~ ~~million~~ credit agreement dated as of December 14, 2018 (as amended from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”) with a syndicate of lenders.

~~On November 7, 2022, the Company and its subsidiary guarantors entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement to, among other things, (i) decrease the revolving credit facility from $~~75 ~~million to $~~50 ~~million, (ii) establish a new $~~25 ~~million term loan facility to refinance loans outstanding under the existing revolving credit facility and to pay fees, costs and expenses related~~

2120

~~thereto, (iii) reduce, from $~~50 ~~million to $~~25 million, the aggregate amount of potential future increases to the revolving credit facility commitments and/or term loan commitments, (iii) modify the amortization of the existing term loan facility and new term loan facility to 10~~% per annum, paid quarterly, and (iii) increase the applicable margin for loans under the Credit Agreement to a range from~~ ~~2.75% to~~ ~~3.25% per annum for SOFR loans (plus a~~ ~~0.10% credit adjustment spread) and based on a leverage ratio (an increase from the prior range of~~ ~~2.50% to~~ ~~3.00~~%). The Seventh Amendment also modified certain financial covenants in the Credit Agreement which may limit the Company’s flexibility in connection with future financing transactions and in the allocation of capital in the future, including the Company’s ability to pay dividends and make stock repurchases, and contribute capital to its insurance subsidiaries that are not parties to the Credit Agreement. For additional information regarding the changes to the financial covenants in the Credit Agreement, refer to ~~Part II, Item 5, “Other Information~~” ~~in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.~~

The Credit Agreement, as amended, provides for (1) a five-year senior secured term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of $100 million (the “Term Loan Facility”) and (2) afive-year senior secured revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $50 million (inclusive of a sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit equal to the unused amount of the revolving credit facility and a sublimit for swingline loans equal to the lesser of $25 million and the unused amount of the revolving credit facility) (the “Revolving Credit Facility” and together with the Term Loan Facility, the “Credit Facilities”).

Term Loan ~~Facility. As amended by the Seventh Amendment, the~~Facility. The principal amount of the Term Loan Facility amortizes in quarterly installments, which began with the close of the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2019, in an amount equal to $1.9 million per quarter, payable quarterly, decreasing to $875,000 per quarter commencing with the quarter ending December 31, 2021, and increasing to $2.4 million per quarter commencing with the quarter ending December 31, 2022, with the remaining balance payable at maturity. The Term Loan Facility matures on July 28, 2026. As of September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, there was $~~66.5~~82.0 million in aggregate principal outstanding onunder the Term Loan Facility and ~~as of November 7, 2022,~~ after giving effect to the additional term loan advance that was used to refinance amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility and to pay fees, costs and expenses related thereto, there was $~~73.9~~10 million in aggregate principal outstanding onunder the ~~Term Loan~~Revolving Credit Facility.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company made principal ~~and interest~~ payments of approximately $7.1 million and $2.6 million and interest payments of $5.2 million and $1.7 million, respectively, ~~and for the comparable period of 2021, the Company made interest payments of approximately $1.5~~ ~~million~~ on the Term Loan Facility.

On May 4, 2022, the Company and its subsidiary guarantors amended the Credit Agreement dated as of December 14, 2018 (as amended to date, the “Credit Agreement”) by entering into the Sixth Amendment to Credit Agreement (the “Sixth Amendment”) with the lenders party to the Credit Agreement, and Regions Bank, as administrative agent and collateral agent.

Pursuant to the Sixth Amendment, the consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio included in the Credit Agreement will be calculated based on the Company’s consolidated tangible net worth, rather than the Company’s consolidated net worth as was required under the existing Credit Agreement. Specifically, the Sixth Amendment provides that, effective as of March 31, 2022 and for future fiscal quarters, the Company’s consolidated tangible net worth, which is gross of accumulated other comprehensive income, as of the end of a fiscal quarter may not be less than the sum of (1) $162,333,750, plus (2) 25% of the sum of the positive consolidated net income of the Company and its subsidiaries with respect to each full fiscal quarter, plus (3) 100% of the net cash proceeds of certain equity issuance transactions of the Company and its subsidiaries. All other material terms of the Credit Agreement remained unchanged.

Revolving Credit ~~Facility.~~Facility. The Revolving Credit Facility allows for borrowings of up to $50 million inclusive of a sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit equal to the unused amount of the Revolving Credit Facility and a sublimit for swingline loans equal to the lesser of $25 million and the unused amount of the Revolving Credit Facility. As of ~~September 30,~~December 31, 2022, we had $~~25.0~~10.0 million in borrowings and a $~~22.6~~32.6 million letters of credit outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility. In connection with the incurrence of additional amounts under the Term Loan Facility pursuant to a November 2022 amendment to the ~~Seventh Amendment,~~Credit Agreement, the borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility were repaid in full. On December 23, 2022, the Company drew $10 million from the amended Revolving Credit Facility, resulting in an outstanding principal balance under the Revolving Credit Facility in the amount of $10 million. At December 31, 2022, the Company had multiple letters of credit that totaled $32.6 million outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility. At January 31, 2023, $22.6 million of the letters of credit were terminated and at September 30 2023, there were letters of credit issued in aggregate amount of $39.3 million under the Revolving Credit Facility. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company made interest payments in aggregate of approximately $543,400 on the Revolving Credit Facility and $538,470 relating to letters of credit and unused availability commitment fees.

At ~~our~~the Company's option, borrowings under the Credit Facilities bear interest at rates equal to either (1) a rate determined by reference to SOFR, plus an applicable margin and a credit adjustment spread equal to 0.10% or (2) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (a) the “prime rate” of Regions Bank, (b) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, and (c) the adjusted term SOFR in effect on such day for an interest period of one month plus 1.00%, plus an applicable margin.

The Credit Agreement contains, among other things, covenants, representations and warranties and events of default customary for facilities of this type. The Company is required to maintain, as of each fiscal quarter (1) a maximum consolidated leverage ratio of 2.50 to 1.00, stepping down to 2.25 to 1.00 as of the second quarter of 2024 and 2.00 to 1.00 as of the second quarter of 2025, (2) a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.20 to 1.00 and (3) a minimum consolidated net worth for the Company and its subsidiaries, which is required to be not less than $100 million plus 50% of positive quarterly net income (including its subsidiaries and regulated subsidiaries) plus the net cash proceeds of any equity transactions. Events of default include, among other events, (i) nonpayment of principal, interest, fees or other amounts; (ii) failure to perform or observe certain covenants set forth in the Credit Agreement; (iii) breach of any representation or warranty; (iv) cross-default to other indebtedness; (v) bankruptcy and insolvency defaults; (vi) monetary judgment defaults and material nonmonetary judgment defaults; (vii) customary ERISA defaults; (viii) a

~~change of control of the Company; and (ix) failure to maintain specified catastrophe retentions in each of the Company’s regulated insurance subsidiaries.~~

In addition to paying interest on outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, we are required to pay a quarterly commitment fee based on the unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility, which is determined by our consolidated leverage ratio

At September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the effective interest rate on for the Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility was ~~5.88~~8.184% and ~~5.69~~8.170%, respectively. The Company monitors the rates prior to the reset date which allows it to establish if the payment is monthly or quarterly payment based on the most beneficial rate used to calculate the interest payment.

Mortgage Loan

In October 2017, the Company and its subsidiary, Skye Lane Properties LLC, jointly obtained a commercial real estate mortgage loan in the amount of $12.7 million, bearing interest of 4.95% per annum and maturing on October 30, 2027. OnPursuant to the terms of the mortgage loan, on October 30, 2022, the interest rate ~~shall adjust~~adjusted to an interest rate equal to the annualized interest rate of the United States 5-year Treasury Notes as reported by the Federal Reserve on a weekly average basis plus 3.10%., which resulted in an increase of the rate from 4.95% to 7.42% per annum. The Company makes monthly principal and interest payments ~~toward~~against the loan. For each of the ~~respective nine-month periods~~nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, the Company made principal and interest payments $701,455of ~~approximately~~ $670,000 on the mortgage ~~loan.~~loan, respectively.

FHLB Loan Agreements

In December 2018, a subsidiary of the Company received a 3.094% fixed interest rate cash loan of $19.2 million from the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) Atlanta. ~~In connection~~On September 29, 2023, the Company restructured the December 2018 agreement to extend the maturity date to March 28, 2025, with ~~the loan agreement, the~~a 5.109% fixed interest rate payable quarterly commencing on December 28, 2023. The subsidiary ~~became~~continues to be a member ofin the FHLB. Membership in the FHLB required an investment in FHLB’s common stock which was purchased in December 2018 and valued at $1.4 million. Additionally, the transaction required the acquired FHLB common stock and certain other investments to be pledged as collateral. As of September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the fair value of the collateralized securities was $~~26.4~~25.3 million and the equity investment in FHLB common stock was $~~1.2~~1.4 million. For ~~each of~~ the ~~nine-month periods~~nine months ended September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, and ~~2021,~~2022, the Company made quarterly interest payments as per the terms of the loan agreement of approximately $~~450,500.~~478,540 and $450,500, respectively. As of September 30, ~~2022,~~2023 and at December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, the Company also holds

other common stock from FHLB Des Moines and FHLB Boston ~~valued at~~for a combined value of $332,907, and $319,100, classified as equity securities and $~~215,900~~,reported at fair value on the condensed consolidated financial statements, respectively.

The following table summarizes the Company’s long-term debt and credit facilities as of September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and December 31, ~~2021:~~2022:


	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(in thousands)				(In thousands)
Convertible debt	$	885	$	23,413	$	885	$	885
Mortgage loan	$	11,281	$	11,521		11,085		11,199
Credit loan facility	$	66,500	$	69,125
Term loan facility						82,000		89,125
Revolving credit facility	$	25,000	$	—		10,000		10,000
FHLB loan agreement	$	19,200	$	19,200		19,200		19,200
Total principal amount	$	122,866	$	123,259	$	123,170	$	130,409
Deferred finance costs	$	1,583	$	2,502	$	1,105	$	1,466
Total long-term debt	$	121,283	$	120,757	$	122,066	$	128,943

~~After giving effect to Seventh Amendment, as~~As of the date of this report, the Company was in compliance with the applicable terms of all its covenants and other requirements under the Credit Agreement, Convertible Notes, ~~indenture,~~ cash borrowings and other loans. The Company’s ability to secure future debt financing depends, in part, on its ability to remain in such compliance.

The covenants in the Credit Agreement may limit the Company’s flexibility in connection with future financing transactions and ~~other requirements under~~in the ~~revolving agreement represent~~allocation of capital in the ~~most restrictive provisions that~~future, including the ~~Company is subject~~Company’s ability to ~~with respect~~pay dividends and make stock repurchases, and contribute capital to its ~~long-term debt.~~insurance subsidiaries that are not parties to the Credit Agreement.

The schedule of principal payments on long-term debt as of September 30, ~~2022~~2023 is as follows:


Year	Amount		Amount
	(In thousands)		(In thousands)
2022 remaining	$	957
2023		23,039
2023 remaining			$	21,800
2024		4,292		9,854
2025		5,624		9,874
2026		78,331		71,018
2027				414
Thereafter		10,623		10,210
Total	$	122,866	$	123,170

NOTE 15. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND OTHER LIABILITIES

Accounts payable and other liabilities consist of the ~~following as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:~~following:


Description	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021		September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(In thousands)				(In thousands)
Deferred reinsurance ceding commission	$	40,089	$	40,406
Deferred ceding commission					$	36,033		42,758
Claims checks in excess of bank balance						12,820		—
Accounts payable and other payables		11,057		10,086		14,151		17,660
Accrued dividends						61		72
Accrued interest and issuance costs		575		735		294		733
Accrued dividends		72		1,634
Other liabilities						546		229
Premium tax		1,523		871		1,954		1,001
Other liabilities		30		195
Commission payables		15,871		17,598		14,879		17,558
Total other liabilities	$	69,217	$	71,525	$	80,739	$	80,010

NOTE 16. STATUTORY ACCOUNTING AND REGULATIONS

State laws and regulations, as well as national regulatory agency requirements, govern the operations of all insurers such as the Company’s insurance subsidiaries. The various laws and regulations require that insurers maintain minimum amounts of statutory surplus and risk-based capital, restrict insurers’ ability to pay dividends, restrict the allowable investment types and investment mixes, and subject the Company’s insurers to assessments.

The Company’s insurance subsidiaries Heritage Property & Casualty Insurance Company (“Heritage P~~&C, NBIC,~~&C)”, Narragansett Bay Insurance Company (“NBIC”), Zephyr Insurance Company (“Zephyr”), and Pawtucket Insurance Company (“PIC”) must maintain capital and surplus ratios or balances as determined by the regulatory authority of the states in which they are domiciled. Heritage P&C is required to maintain capital and surplus equal to thegreater of $1515.0 million or 10% of ~~their~~its respective ~~liabilities.~~liabilities. Zephyr is

required to maintain a deposit of $750,000 in a federally insured financial institution. NBIC is required to maintain capital and surplus of $3.0 million. The combined statutory surplus for Heritage P&C, Zephyr, ~~NBIC~~ and ~~PIC~~NBIC was $~~261.4~~220.7 million at September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and $~~302.1~~276.3 million at December 31, ~~2021.~~2022. State law also requires the Company’s insurance subsidiaries to adhere to prescribed premium-to-capital surplus ratios, and risk-based capital requirements with which the ~~Company is~~Company's insurance subsidiaries are in compliance. At September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company’s insurance subsidiaries met the financial and regulatory requirements of each of the states in which they conduct business.

NOTE 17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company is involved in claims-related legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company accrues amounts resulting from claims-related legal actions in unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses during the period that it determines an unfavorable outcome becomes probable and it can estimate the amounts. Management makes revisions to its estimates based on its analysis of subsequent information that the Company receives regarding various factors, including: (i) per claim information; (ii) company and industry historical loss experience; (iii) judicial decisions and legal developments in the awarding of damages; and (iv) trends in general economic conditions, including the effects of inflation.

NOTE 18. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

From time to time the Company has been party to various related party transactions involving certain of its officers, directors and significant stockholders, including as set forth below. The Company has entered into each of these arrangements without obligation to continue its effect in the future and the associated expense was immaterial to its results of operations or financial position as of September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021.~~2022.

•

In July 2019, the Board of Directors appointed Mark Berset to the Board of Directors of the Company. Mr. Berset is also the Chief Executive Officer of Comegys Insurance Agency, Inc. (“Comegys”), an independent insurance agency that writes policies for the Company. The Company pays commission to Comegys based upon standard industry rates consistent with those provided to the Company’s other insurance agencies. There are no arrangements or understandings between Mr. Berset and any other persons with respect to his appointment as a director. For the three months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, the Company paid agency commission to Comegys of approximately $~~53,735~~61,730 and $~~53,900~~53,735, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, the Company paid agency commission to Comegys of approximately $~~549,988~~185,400 and $~~595,700~~549,990, respectively.

NOTE 19. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

The Company provides a 401(k) plan for ~~substantially~~ all qualifying employees. The Company provides a matching contribution of 100% on the first 3% of employees’ contribution and 50% on the next 2% of the employees’ contribution to the plan. The maximum match

is 4%. For the three ~~and nine~~ months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the contributions made to the plan on behalf of the participating employees were approximately $~~276,090~~294,425 and $~~1.0~~276,090 ~~million,~~, respectively. For the ~~three and~~ nine months ended September 30, ~~2021,~~2023 and 2022, the contributions made to the plan on behalf of the participating employees were approximately $~~293,000~~1.0 million and $~~985,000~~1.0, million, respectively.

Effective September 1, 2021, the Company ~~terminated its self-insured healthcare plan and~~ enrolled in a flex healthcare plan which allows employees the choice of three medical plans with a range of coverage levels and costs. For the ~~nine~~three months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022, the Company incurred medical premium costs including ~~the new 2021-2022~~ healthcare premiums of $~~3.4~~924,000 and $1.0 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company incurred medical premium costs including healthcare premiums of $3.9 million and $~~2.6~~3.4 ~~million, respectively. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had $~~million.0 ~~million and $1.4~~ ~~million of unapplied insurance premiums and additional liability recorded for unpaid claims, respectively.~~

NOTE 20. EQUITY

The total amount of authorized capital stock consists of 50,000,000 shares of common stock and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock. As of September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company had ~~25,898,930~~26,796,586 shares of common stock outstanding, ~~11,890,599~~12,231,674 treasury shares of common stock and ~~715,454~~1,821,912 unvested restricted common stock with accrued dividends reflecting ~~total~~additional paid-in capital of $~~334.2~~336.8 million as of such date.

As more fully disclosed in the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, ~~2021,~~2022, as of December 31, 2022, there were ~~26,753,511~~25,539,433 shares of common stock outstanding, ~~10,536,737~~12,231,674 treasury shares of common stock and ~~283,092~~648,493 unvested shares of restricted common stock with accrued dividends, representing $~~332.8~~334.7 million of additional paid-in capital.

Common Stock

Holders of common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters subject to a vote of stockholders, subject to the rights of holders of any outstanding preferred stock. Accordingly, holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors may elect all of the directors standing for election, subject to the rights of holders of any outstanding preferred stock. Holders of common stock will be entitled to receive ratably any dividends that the board of directors may declare out of funds legally available therefor, subject to any preferential dividend rights of outstanding preferred stock. Upon the Company’s liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the holders of common stock will be entitled to receive ratably ~~its~~the Company's net assets

available after the payment of all debts and other liabilities and subject to the prior rights of holders of any outstanding preferred stock. Holders of common stock have no preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights. There is no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. All outstanding shares of the Company’s capital stock are fully paid and non-assessable.

Stock Repurchase Program

On December ~~19, 2021,~~15, 2022, the Board of Directors established a new share repurchase program plan to commence ~~upon~~on December 31, ~~2021~~2022, for the purpose orof repurchasing up to an aggregate of $~~25.0~~10.0 million of ~~Common Stock,~~common stock, through the open market or in such other manner as will comply with the terms of applicable federal and state securities laws and regulations, including without limitation, Rule 10b-18 under the Securities Act at any time or from time to time on or prior to December 31, ~~2022~~2023 (the "New Share Repurchase Plan"). ~~For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company repurchased in aggregate~~ ~~1,353,862~~ ~~shares of its common stock under its repurchase programs for $6.7~~ ~~million.~~

At September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the Company has the capacity under the New Share Repurchase Plan to repurchase $~~18.3~~10.0 million of its common ~~shares~~stock until December 31, ~~2022.~~2023.

Dividends

~~On March 4, 2022, the Company announced that its Board of Directors declared a $0.06~~ ~~per share quarterly dividend payable on~~ ~~April 6, 2022~~ ~~to stockholders of record as of~~ ~~March 17, 2022~~.

On ~~May 5, 2022, the Company announced that its Board of Directors declared a $0.06~~ ~~per share quarterly dividend payable on~~ ~~July 5, 2022~~ ~~to stockholders of record as of~~ ~~June 14, 2022~~.

On ~~August 3, 2022, the Board of Directors elected to allocate the $0.06~~ ~~per share typically used to pay a quarterly dividend to shareholders to repurchase common stock totaling $1.7~~ ~~million. The Board of Directors re-evaluates dividend distribution on a quarterly basis and will make a determination, in part, based on the current stock trading price as compared to book value.~~

The declaration and payment of any future dividends will be subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on a variety of factors including the Company’s financial condition and results of ~~operations and the limitations under the Company’s debt facilities.~~operations.

NOTE 21. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

~~Common,~~

Restricted ~~and Performance-based~~ Stock

The Company has adopted the Heritage Insurance Holdings, Inc., 2023 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the ~~“Plan”~~“2023 Plan”), which became effective on ~~May 22, 2014.~~June 7, 2023. The 2023 Plan authorized ~~2,981,737~~2,125,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the Plan for future grants. ~~The~~Upon effectiveness of the 2023 Plan, ~~allows for a variety~~no new awards may be granted under the prior Omnibus Incentive Plan, which will continue to govern the terms of ~~equity~~ awards ~~including stock options, restricted stock awards and performance-based awards.~~previously made under such plan.

At September 30, ~~2022~~2023, there were in aggregate ~~386,603~~887,165 shares available for grant under the 2023 Plan. The Company recognizes compensation expense under ASC 718 for its stock-based payments based on the fair value of the awards.

Effective January 1, 2022, the Board of Directors approved the recommendations made by the Compensation Committee to revise the non-employee director compensation policy to provide that: (i) each non‐ employee director ofOn July 11, 2023, the Company ~~is entitled to an annual cash fee of $~~awarded ~~125,000, payable quarterly; (ii) each member of a committee of the Board is entitled to an additional annual cash fee of $2,500; (iii) each chair of a committee of the Board is entitled to an additional $5,000~~351,716 ~~annual cash fee; (iv) the chair of the Board, to the extent the chair is a non‐employee director, is entitled to an additional annual cash fee of $~~time-based restricted stock and ~~20,000~~857,843~~; and (v) each non‐employee director of the Company is granted annually a number of shares of~~ performance-based restricted stock, with a fair value ~~equal to $40,000~~ at the date of issuance, a grant date of the date of the annual meeting of stockholders of the Company and which restricted stock will vest on the earlier of the one‐year anniversary of the date of issuance and the day immediately prior to the date of the following year’s annual meeting of stockholders of the Company.

~~During the first quarter of 2022, the Company awarded~~ ~~3,636~~ ~~shares and~~ ~~115,327~~ ~~shares of time-based restricted stock with~~ at the time of grant ~~a fair value~~ of $~~5.50~~ ~~and $6.72~~4.08 per share ~~respectively~~under the Company’s 2023 Omnibus Incentive Plan to certain employees. The time-based restricted stock ~~will~~shall vest annually in ~~two~~ three~~andthree year~~ equal installments commencing on December ~~27, 2022, 2023 and 2024, respectively. In addition, during the first quarter of 2022, the Company awarded~~ ~~10,909~~ ~~shares and~~ ~~245,536~~ ~~shares of performance-based restricted stock with at the time grant a fair value of $5.50~~ ~~and $6.72~~ ~~per share, respectively.~~15, 2023. The ~~performance-based~~performance based restricted stock has a three-year performance period beginning on January 1, ~~2022~~2023 and ending on December 31, ~~2024~~2025 and will vest following the end of the performance period but no later than March ~~5, 2025.~~30, 2026. The number of shares that will be earned at the end of the performance period is subject to decrease based on the results of the performance condition.

In ~~January 2022,~~June 2023, the Company awarded to non-employee directors in aggregate ~~21,768~~63,744 shares of restricted stock with a fair value at the time of grant of $~~5.88~~5.02 per share. In August 2023, the awards were amended to reflect the correct grant date fair market value that resulted in an adjustment to the number of shares of restricted stock awarded from 63,744 to 77,296 shares of restricted stock. The ~~awards will~~restricted stock shall vest on the earlier of (i) the one-year anniversary of the date of issuance and (ii) the day immediately prior to the date of the ~~next~~following year's annual meeting of ~~the Company's~~ stockholders, ~~that occurs after the award date,~~ provided the member remains on the Board until such date. ~~The Company's annual shareholders meeting was held on June 23, 2022, at which time the restricted stock was effectively vested.~~

In June 2022, the Company awarded to non-employee directors in aggregate 99,376 shares of restricted stock with a fair value at the time of grant of $3.22 per share. In August 2022, an award of 12,422 were forfeited due to the departure of a Board member. The awards ~~will vest~~vested on ~~the earlier of the one year anniversary of the grant date and the date immediately prior to the date of~~ the next annual meeting of the Company's stockholders that ~~occurs~~occurred after the award date, provided the member remains on the Board until such date. The Company's annual shareholders meeting was held on June 7, 2023, at which time

~~For the performance-based~~86,954 shares of restricted stock ~~the numbers of shares that will be earned at the end of the performance period is subject to decrease based on the results of the performance condition.~~were effectively vested.

The 2023 Plan authorizes the Company to grant stock options at exercise prices equal to the fair market value of the Company’s stock on the dates the options are granted. The Company has not granted any stock options since 2015 and all unexercised stock options have since been forfeited.

~~Restricted Stock~~

~~The Company has also granted shares of its common stock subject to certain restrictions under the Plan. Restricted stock awards granted to employee’s vest in equal installments generally over a~~ ~~two~~ to ~~five year~~ period from the grant date subject to the recipient’s continued employment. The fair value of restricted stock awards is estimated by the market price at the date of grant and amortized on a straight-line basis to expense over the period of vesting. Recipients of restricted stock awards granted prior to 2021 have the right to receive dividends; dividends accrue but are not paid until vesting for recipients of restricted stock awards granted 2021 and thereafter.

Restricted stock activity for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 is as follows:

Weighted-Average

Grant-Date Fair

Number of shares

Value per Share

Non-vested, at December 31, 2021

283,092

$
9.32

Granted - Performance-based restricted stock

256,445

6.67

Granted - Time-based restricted stock

240,107

5.18

Vested

(41,919
)

4.81

Canceled and surrendered

(22,271
)

4.40

Non-vested, at September 30, 2022

715,454

$
7.40

2624


				Weighted-Average Grant-Date Fair
	Number of shares			Value per Share
Non-vested, at December 31, 2022		648,493		$	9.32
Granted - Performance-based restricted stock		857,843			4.08
Granted - Time-based restricted stock		429,012			4.09
Vested		(107,754	)		2.95
Canceled and surrendered		(54,702	)		3.98
Non-vested, at September 30, 2023		1,772,892		$	6.07

Awards are being amortized to expense over the ~~two~~one to five-year vesting period. For the three months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021,~~2022 the Company recognized $~~499,000~~1.3 million and $~~320,000~~499,000 of compensation expense, respectively. The Company recognized $~~1.5~~2.1 million and $~~867,000~~1.5 million of compensation expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, 107,754 shares of restricted stock previously granted to employees and ~~2021, respectively.~~non-employee directors were vested and released. Of the shares released to employees, 4,200 shares were withheld by the Company to cover withholding taxes of $7,560, and there were also 50,502 shares forfeited upon employment terminations. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, 51,768 shares of restricted stock were vested and released, all of which had been granted to employees. Of the shares released to employees, 9,849 shares were withheld by the Company to cover withholding taxes of $58,000. ~~For the comparable period of 2021,~~ ~~40,267~~ ~~shares were vested and released of which~~ ~~18,973~~ ~~shares were withheld by the Company to cover withholding taxes of $171,000~~.

At September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, there was approximately $~~1.2~~2.2 million unrecognized expense related to time-based non-vested restricted stock and an additional $~~1.4~~3.3 million for performance-based restricted stock, net of expected forfeitures which is expected to be recognized over the remaining restriction periods as described in the table below. For the comparable period in ~~2021,~~2022, there was in aggregate $~~2.1~~2.6 million of unrecognized expense.

Additional information regarding the Company’s outstanding non-vested time-based restricted stock and performance-based restricted stock at September 30, ~~2022~~2023 is as follows:


Grant date	Restricted shares unvested		Share Value at Grant Date Per Share		Remaining Restriction Period (Years)		Restricted shares unvested		Share Value at Grant Date Per Share		Remaining Restriction Period (Years)
February 12, 2018		25,000		16.35		0.75
April 24, 2020		127,837		10.43		2.00
September 21, 2020		37,349		10.71		2.00
January 4, 2021		62,906		6.89		2.00		111,857		10.43		0.7
April 13, 2021								32,681		10.71		0.7
October 18, 2021								56,363		6.89		0.7
March 3, 2022		14,545		5.50		2.88		12,727		5.50		1.5
March 16, 2022		360,863		6.72		2.88		321,429		6.72		1.5
June 23, 2022		86,954		3.22		1.00
		715,454
June 19, 2023								77,296		4.14		0.8
July 11, 2023								1,160,539		4.08		2.9
Total								1,772,892

NOTE 22. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company performed an evaluation of subsequent events through the date the condensed consolidated financial statements were issued and determined there were no recognized or unrecognized subsequent events that would require an adjustment or additional disclosure in the condensed consolidated financial statements as of September 30, ~~2022.~~2023.

On November 7, 2022, Heritage Insurance Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiary guarantors (together, the “Company”) amended that certain Credit Agreement dated as of December 14, 2018 (as amended to date, the “Credit Agreement”) by entering into the Seventh Amendment to the Credit Agreement (the “Seventh Amendment”) with the lenders party to the Credit Agreement, and Regions Bank, as administrative agent, collateral agent, swingline lender and issuing bank.

~~The Seventh Amendment amended the Credit Agreement to, among other things, (i) decrease the revolving credit facility from $~~75 ~~million to $~~50 ~~million, (ii) establish a new $~~25 ~~million term loan facility to refinance loans outstanding under the existing revolving credit facility and to pay fees, costs and expenses related thereto, (iii) reduce, from $~~50 ~~million to $~~25 million, the aggregate amount of potential future increases to the revolving credit facility commitments and/or term loan commitments, (iii) modify the amortization of the existing term loan facility and new term loan facility to 10~~% per annum, paid quarterly, and (iii)~~ ~~increase the applicable margin for loans under the Credit Agreement to a range from~~ ~~2.75% to~~ ~~3.25% per annum for SOFR loans (plus a~~ ~~0.10% credit adjustment spread) and based on a leverage ratio (an increase from the prior range of~~ ~~2.50% to~~ ~~3.00%).~~

The Seventh Amendment also modifies certain financial covenants in the Credit Agreement which may limit the Company’s flexibility in connection with future financing transactions and in the allocation of capital in the future. Specifically, starting in the first quarter of 2023, the Seventh Amendment amends certain financial covenants as follows: (1) ~~require additional leverage ratios under the Consolidated Leverage Ratio covenant (as defined in the Credit Agreement) after the initial step down to~~ ~~2.50x in the second quarter of 2023 not to exceed~~ ~~2.25x as of the second quarter of 2024 and~~ ~~2.00x as of the second quarter of 2025~~, (2) apply all (A) Restricted Payments (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and (B) fee forgiveness & other capital contributions to the Company’s regulated insurance companies that are not a party to the Credit Agreement (“Non-credit Parties”) that exceed $38 ~~million, when calculating (i)~~ ~~Consolidated Tangible Net Worth (as defined in the Credit Agreement) which is required to be not less than $100~~ million plus 50% of positive quarterly net income (including its subsidiaries and regulated subsidiaries) plus the net cash proceeds of any equity transactions and (ii) Consolidated Fixed Charge Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) which is required to be ~~1.20~~x~~. The Seventh Amendment also (A) eliminates the current $~~10 ~~million basket available to the Company to pay dividends to its shareholders or to repurchase its securities, (B) provides for a dividend of up to $2.0~~ ~~million in the fourth quarter of 2024 under certain conditions and (C) restricts future dividends based on maintenance of certain financial ratios, including Consolidated Tangible~~

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

You should read the following discussion in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes and other information included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021~~2022 (“~~2021~~2022 Form 10-K”). Unless the context requires otherwise, as used in this Form 10-Q, the terms “we”, “us”, “our”, “the Company”, “our Company”, and similar references refer to Heritage Insurance Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries.

We are a super-regional property and casualty insurance holding company that primarily provides personal and commercial residential insurance products across our multi-state footprint. We provide personal residential insurance in Alabama, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Rhode Island, South Carolina, and Virginia and commercial residential insurance in Florida, New Jersey, and New York. We provide personal residential insurance in Florida and South Carolina on both an admitted and non-admitted basis and in California on a non-admitted basis. As a vertically integrated insurer, we control or manage substantially all aspects of risk management, underwriting, claims processing and adjusting, actuarial rate making and reserving, customer service, and distribution. Our financial strength ratings are important to us in establishing our competitive position and can impact our ability to write policies.

We continue to address rising reinsurance and loss costs in the property insurance sector through continued implementation of increased rates, resulting in an increase in the average premium per policy of 13.6% for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the prior year quarter. New rates, which are subject to approval by our regulators, become effective when a policy is written or renewed, and the premium is earned pro rata over the policy period of one year. As a result of this timing, it can take up to twenty-four months for the complete impact of a rate change to be fully earned in our financial statements. For that reason, we account for inflation in our rate indications and filings with our regulators.

We invest in data analytics, using software and experienced personnel, to continuously evaluate our underwriting criteria and manage exposure to catastrophe and other losses. our retention has remained steadily in the range of 90% despite the rate increases we have implemented, in large part due to a challenging property insurance market in many of the regions in which we operate. Weather losses and a higher cost of reinsurance have impacted these markets. While we believe our rates are generally competitive with private market insurers operating in our space, we are focused on managing exposure and achieving rate adequacy throughout the book of business.

We continue to experience rising inflation in the form of increased labor and material costs, which drive up claim costs throughout all states in which we conduct business. Our Florida personal lines market is also seeing claim costs impacted by litigated claims, which substantially increases loss costs thereby driving up rates for the insurance buying public. Our response to this phenomenon is a combination of raising rates and reducing exposure. Since that time the claims abuse has extended throughout much of Florida, generated from assignment of benefits, excessive roof claims, and unwarranted litigated claims which far exceeds levels experienced in other states. Correspondingly, our exposure reduction plan expanded to personal lines business throughout the state of Florida.

Our industry experienced higher reinsurance costs and more constrained availability for catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance in the Spring 2022 renewals. We anticipate continued cost increases and availability constraints for the 2023 renewal season. As described herein, we are carefully managing exposure by reducing new business written in certain geographies, non-renewing unprofitable business in compliance with regulatory requirements, increasing rates, and narrowing our underwriting requirements.

While we see improvement in the geographic distribution of our business, which is becoming more rate adequate, our Florida loss costs have continued to increase from a combination of adverse weather and exacerbation of losses on weather and other claims resultant from the litigated claims environment. Recent legislative changes have been made in Florida in each of the last three years, which we believe is making some progress toward reducing losses from abusive claim reporting practices.

The table below shows reductions in Florida policy count and total insured value (“TIV”) of 17.6% and 10.3%, respectively, from the prior year quarter. During this period, Florida premium in force declined by only 2.6% as rate increases dampened the impact of the reduction in policy count. For markets outside of Florida, the premiums-in-force increased at a much larger rate than the increases in policies in force and TIV, primarily due to rate increases.

The following provides an update to the Company’s strategic initiatives that we expect will enable Heritage to achieve consistent long-term quarterly earnings and drive shareholder value. The Supplemental Information table included in this earnings release demonstrates progress made since third quarter 2021.

We continue to monitor the effects of general changes in economic and market conditions on our business. As a result of general ~~supply chain disruptions and~~ inflationary pressures, we have experienced, and may continue to experience, increased cost of materials and labor needed for repairs and to otherwise remediate ~~claims.~~claims throughout all states in which we conduct business. Additionally, we anticipate continued rising costs and constrained availability of catastrophe reinsurance. We mitigate these conditions by continued exposure management, implementation of increased rates and the use of inflation guard, which ensures appropriate replacement cost values for our business to reflect the inflationary impact on costs to repair properties.

~~Goodwill Impairment Charge~~The table below provides policy count, premiums-in-force, and TIV for Florida and all other states as of September 30, 2023 and compares these metrics to the third quarter of 2022. One of our strategies has been to reduce personal lines exposure in Florida, given historical abusive claims practices. Florida policies-in-force declined from the prior year quarter by 15.6% with a 19.6% increase in premiums-in-force, and a TIV increase of only 1.8%. The increase in Florida premiums-in-force was driven by organic growth of our commercial residential business, rate increases across the book of business and use of inflation guard, partly offset by premium reductions associated with a 16.0% reduction of our personal lines policies. The Florida TIV increase is similarly driven by strategic growth of our commercial residential portfolio as well as use of inflation guard across the book of business, partly offset by a Florida personal lines TIV decrease of 9.4%. Compared to the third quarter of 2022, premiums-in-force for markets outside of Florida decreased 1.1%, and the policy count decreased 12.6% due to underwriting actions and intentional exposure management which resulted in a TIV decrease of 4.5%.

We evaluate goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment annually, or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is likely that the carrying amount of goodwill and other intangible assets may exceed the implied fair value. Any impairment is charged to operations in the period that the impairment is identified. The evaluation of goodwill impairment requires considerable management judgment and includes a review of a variety of factors as described below. Any adverse change in these factors could have a significant impact on the recoverability of goodwill and could have a material impactSupplemental Information table demonstrates progress on our ~~financial results. During~~initiatives compared to the third quarter 2022.

The following provides an update to our strategic initiatives that are expected to enable us to achieve consistent long-term quarterly earnings and drive shareholder value.

As further described in Note 17, Commitments and Contingencies, to the condensed consolidated financial statements for the second quarter of 2023, our ~~carrying value~~2017 reinsurance agreement with the FHCF required a commutation no later than 60 months after the end of ~~goodwill from $92.0 million to $0 based~~the contract year. As part of this process, Heritage and FHCF terminated the 2017 reinsurance agreement and agreed on the ~~following factors: (i) disruptions in~~amount that the ~~equity markets, specifically for property and casualty insurance companies, largely due~~FHCF would pay to ~~recent weather-related catastrophe events; (ii) elevated loss ratios for property insurers in our markets; and (iii) trading of our stock below book value. These~~

~~factors reduced our previously modeled fair value of~~ the Company ~~and~~to settle all outstanding losses owed under the agreement related to losses from Hurricane Irma. As such, this commutation process resulted in a ~~$92.0 million non-cash goodwill impairment charge, most~~final determination of and payment for known, unknown or unreported claims relating to Hurricane Irma. Social inflation and the litigated claims environment in the State of Florida, which ~~is not tax deductible.~~affected Hurricane Irma claims, could result in adverse development of these claims, which creates uncertainty as to the ultimate cost to settle all of the remaining Hurricane Irma claims. Accordingly, the final amount paid by the FHCF could vary from the Company’s future estimation of losses to be recovered from the FHCF. The commutation process was finalized and binding for both parties upon completion which occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2023. The final payment by the FHCF was received by the Company in September 2023.

In the following section, we discuss our financial condition and results of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022.

The discussion of our financial condition and results of operations that follows provides information that will assist the reader in understanding our consolidated financial statements, the changes in certain key items in those financial statements from year to year,

including certain key performance indicators such as net combined ratio, ceded premium ratio, net expense ratio and net loss ratio, and the primary factors that accounted for those changes, as well as how certain accounting principles, policies and estimates affect our consolidated financial statements. This discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes ~~that appear elsewhere in~~included under Item 1 of this ~~document.~~Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Comparison of the ~~three months ended~~Three Months Ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022

Total revenue was ~~$165.5~~$186.3 million infor the third quarter of ~~2022, down 1.1%~~2023, up 12.6% from ~~$167.4~~$165.5 million in the prior year quarter. The ~~decrease~~increase primarily stems from ~~lower~~higher net premiums earned ~~driven by higher reinsurance costs, partly offset by an increase in~~and net investment income as described ~~in detail~~ below.

Gross premiums written were $309.5 million for the third quarter of 2023, up 1.6% from $304.5 million ~~up 11.1% from $274.2 million~~in the prior year quarter, reflecting a ~~4.8% growth~~strategic and substantial increase in Florida commercial residential lines business and ~~15.4% growth in other states, primarily from increased rates as well as~~ a ~~small increase in~~higher average premium per policy ~~count in states outside of Florida. Rate increases continued to meaningfully benefit written premiums~~ throughout the book of ~~business.~~business, partly offset by intentional targeted exposure management resulting in premium reductions of personal lines business in most of our larger states. Gross premiums written for Florida personal lines business was up $5.8 million due to rate increases, despite a 16.0% reduction in policy count from the prior year quarter.

Premiums-in-force were ~~$1.24~~$1.3 billion inat September 30, 2023, representing an 8.4% increase from the ~~third~~prior year quarter, ~~of 2022, up 5.8% from third quarter 2021, while policies-in-force were down 6.9%. The increase in premiums-in-force reflects the impact of~~primarily due to continued proactive underwriting actions and rate increases ~~more than offsetting~~across the ~~premiums associated with~~entire portfolio, despite an intentional policy count reduction of approximately 74,000 policies. Premiums-in-force were also favorably impacted by strategic growth of the ~~reduction in policies-in-force. The reduction in policies-in-force from the third quarter~~Company’s commercial residential product and use of ~~2021 reflects our exposure management initiatives.~~inflation guard across all products. Concurrently, TIV was down by 2.9%.

Gross premiums earned were ~~$308.0~~$337.0 million infor the third quarter of ~~2022,~~2023 up ~~4.6%~~9.4% from ~~$294.4~~$308.0 million in the prior year ~~quarter. The increase reflects~~quarter, reflecting higher gross premiums written over the last twelve months ~~which is primarily related to~~driven by a higher ~~rates on a smaller book~~average premium per policy, use of ~~business based on policy count.~~inflation guard, and organic growth of the commercial residential business.

~~Ceded premiums earned~~ were ~~$148.3~~$160.3 million infor the third quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, up ~~12.4%~~8.1% from ~~$132.0~~$148.3 million in the prior year quarter. The ~~growth results primarily from~~increase is attributable to significantly higher reinsurance costs ~~due to market conditions and higher TIV, as well as higher ceded premium~~ for ~~our net quota share~~the respective reinsurance ~~program, driven by growth in our northeast business.~~contract periods.

Net premiums earned were ~~$159.7~~$176.6 million infor the third quarter of ~~2022, down 1.7%~~2023, up 10.6% from ~~$162.4~~$159.7 million in the prior year ~~quarter, reflecting a 12.4%~~quarter. The increase primarily stems from growth in ~~contract year reinsurance cost with higher ceded premium~~gross premiums earned outpacing the increase in ~~gross earned~~ceded premiums, ~~for the quarter.~~as described above.

Net investment income, inclusive of realized investment gains and unrealized gains on equity securities, was ~~$2.9~~$6.8 million infor the third quarter ~~2022, compared to a net investment gain~~ of ~~$1.5~~2023, up from $2.9 million in the prior year quarter. The increase is ~~driven by a~~primarily due to higher yields on cash and invested assets associated with higher interest ~~rate environment compared to the prior year quarter.~~rates.

Other revenue was ~~$2.9~~$3.2 million infor the third quarter of ~~2022, down by 14.8%~~2023, up 8.3% from ~~$3.4~~$2.9 million in the prior year quarter, mostly driven ~~primarily~~ by ~~a decline in policy fee income associated with the reduction of policies in force.~~higher rental income.

Total operating expenses were up $30.0 million, or 16.4% in the third quarter of 2022. As described below, the driver was primarily from the increase in losses and loss adjustment expenses as well as an increase in acquisition costs.

Losses and loss adjustment expenses ~~(“LAE”~~("LAE") incurred were ~~$155.8~~$131.4 million infor the third quarter of ~~2022, up~~2023, down 15.7% from ~~$129.6~~$155.8 million in the prior year ~~quarter driven by higher~~quarter. The decrease primarily stems from lower attritional losses and lower weather ~~and attritional losses.~~losses compared to the prior year quarter. Net current accident year weather losses were ~~$63.8~~$51.6 million, ~~up 24.2%~~down from ~~$51.4~~$63.8 million in the prior year quarter. Current ~~accident year weather losses include $40.0 million of net current accident~~ quarter catastrophe losses ~~from Hurricane Ian, up from $16.0~~were $40.1 million, relatively flat compared to catastrophe weather losses of $40.0 million in the prior year quarter. Catastrophe losses in the current quarter include retentions for the Maui wildfires and ~~$23.8~~Hurricane Idalia totaling $40.0 million ~~of other~~and for the three months ended September 30, 2022 include a $40.0 million retention for Hurricane Ian. Catastrophe losses in the prior year quarter include our retention for Hurricane Ian. Other weather losses were $11.5 million, down from ~~$35.4~~$23.8 million in the prior year quarter. Additionally, we experienced $793,000 of net unfavorable prior year development compared to $1.0 million of net favorable prior year development in the prior year quarter.

Policy acquisition costs were ~~$39.2~~$42.4 million infor the third quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, up ~~8.9%~~8.2% from ~~$36.0~~$39.2 million in the prior year quarter. The increase is primarily attributable to acquisition costs associated with growth ~~of 11.1%~~ in gross premiums ~~written.~~written and is partly offset by higher ceding commission income.

General and administrative expenses were ~~$17.8~~$21.9 million infor the third quarter of ~~2022,~~2023, up ~~3.4%~~23.4% from ~~$17.2~~$17.8 million in the prior year ~~quarter,~~quarter. The increase was driven primarily by ~~compensation related items.~~software costs associated with the implementation of a new claims system that was placed in service in June 2023 and human capital costs.

~~Third~~ for the third quarter ~~2022 net loss~~of 2023 was ~~$48.2~~$7.4 million or ($~~1.83 loss~~0.28) per ~~share), down~~diluted share, an improvement from a net loss of ~~$16.4~~$48.2 million or ($~~0.59 loss~~1.83) per ~~share)~~diluted share in the prior year ~~quarter, driven primarily~~quarter. The improvement from the ~~increase~~prior year quarter is primarily due to growth in net ~~losses~~premiums earned and ~~loss adjustment expenses~~net investment income, and lower net losses incurred as described above partly offset by higher policy acquisition and general and administrative costs, as described above, primarily associated with the ~~relatively small~~increase in gross premiums written over the prior year quarter and systems implementation costs, which resulted in a lower combined ratio than the prior year quarter. The Company also benefited from the tax benefit ~~for income taxes as~~associated with a reduction of the valuation allowance described below.

~~Net interest~~Interest expense, net was ~~$2.0~~$2.6 million infor the third quarter of ~~2022, slightly down~~2023, up 27.8% from ~~$2.2~~$2.0 million in the prior year quarter ~~mostly due to a reduction in debt discount associated with the repurchase of convertible notes in the second quarter of 2022.~~and driven by higher variable interest rates on our debt.

~~Benefit for~~The benefit from income taxes was ~~$1.1~~$4.6 million infor the third quarter ~~2022~~of 2023 compared to $1.1 million in the prior year quarter. The effective tax rate for third quarter 2023 was 38.3% compared to 2.2% in the prior year quarter. The effective tax rate in third quarter 2023 benefited from a reduction in the valuation allowance related to certain tax elections made by Osprey Re, the Company’s captive reinsurer domiciled in Bermuda. The effective tax rate in third quarter 2022 was impacted by the establishment of a $10.7 million increase in the deferred tax valuation allowance related to Osprey Re. The impact of permanent tax differences on projected

results of operations for the calendar year impacts the effective tax rate, which can also fluctuate throughout the year as estimates used in the quarterly tax provision are updated with additional information.

The net combined ratio was 110.8% for the third quarter of 2023, down 22.5 points from 133.3% in the prior year quarter. The decrease primarily stems from lower net loss and LAE and net expense ratios as described below.

The ceded premium ratio was 47.6% for the third quarter of 2023, down 0.5 points from 48.1% in the prior year quarter, primarily driven by a higher cost of the 2023-2024 and 2022-2023 catastrophe excess of loss programs, partly offset by higher gross premiums earned.

The net loss and LAE ratio was 74.4% for the third quarter of 2023, 23.2 points lower than the prior year quarter of 97.6%, primarily driven by higher net premiums earned, and lower higher net losses and LAE as described above.

The net expense ratio was 36.4% for the third quarter of 2023, up 0.7 points from the prior year quarter amount of 35.7%. The increase was primarily driven by higher general and administrative costs mostly related to software and associated costs with the implementation of a new claims system aimed at driving future efficiencies, and higher human capital costs.

Total revenue was $548.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, up 12.4% from $487.9 million in the prior year period. The increase primarily stems from higher net premiums earned and net investment income, as described below.

Gross premiums written were $1.0 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, up 6.7% from $953.0 million in the prior period, reflecting a strategic and substantial increase in Florida commercial residential lines business and a higher average premium per policy throughout the book of business, partly offset by intentional targeted exposure management resulting in premium reductions on personal business in some of our larger states. Gross premiums written for Florida personal lines business was relatively flat due to rate increases, despite a 16.0% reduction in policy count from the prior year quarter.

Premiums-in-force were $1.3 billion as of September 30, 2023, represented an 8.4% increase from third quarter 2022, primarily due to continued proactive underwriting actions and rate increases across the entire portfolio, despite an intentional policy count reduction of approximately 74,000 policies. Premiums-in-force were also favorably impacted by strategic growth of the Company’s commercial residential product and use of inflation guard across all products. Concurrently, TIV was down by 2.9%.

Gross premiums earned were $984.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, up 10.4% from $891.5 million in the prior year period. The increase reflects higher gross premiums written over the preceding twelve months driven by a higher average premium per policy, use of inflation guard, and organic growth of the commercial residential business.

Ceded premiums were $464.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, up 10.4% from $420.6 million in the prior year period. The increase is primarily attributable to significantly higher reinsurance costs for the respective reinsurance contract periods.

Net premiums earned were $519.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, up 10.3% from $470.9 million in the prior year period. The increase primarily stems from growth in gross premiums earned outpacing the increase in ceded premiums earned, as described above.

Net investment income, inclusive of realized investment gains and unrealized gains on equity securities, was $19.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, up from $7.0 million in the prior year period. The increase is primarily due to higher yields on cash and invested assets associated with higher interest rates.

Total operating expenses were $521.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, down 21% from $660.1 million in the prior year period, primarily due to the $92.0 million goodwill impairment charge taken in the prior year period described below, and a $61.9 million decrease in losses and loss adjustment expenses detailed below.

Losses and LAE were $335.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, down 15.6% from $397.4 million in the prior year period, primarily driven by lower weather and attritional losses. Net current accident year weather losses were $98.2 million, down 40.7% from $165.7 million in the prior year period. Current accident year weather losses include $45.1 million of net current accident year catastrophe losses, down 61.4% from $117.1 million in the prior year period, and $53.1 million of other weather losses, up from $48.6 million in the prior year period. Net current accident year catastrophe losses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 include retentions for the Maui wildfires and Hurricane Idalia totaling $40.0 million and for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 include a $40.0 million retention for Hurricane Ian. Additionally, we experienced $3.5 million of net favorable prior year development compared to $1.5 million of net unfavorable prior year development in the prior year period.

Policy acquisition costs were $124.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, up 7.2% from $115.8 million in the prior year period. The increase is attributable to acquisition costs associated with growth in gross premiums written and is partly offset by higher ceding commission income.

General and administrative expenses were $61.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, up 11.1% from $54.9 million in the prior year period. The increase was driven primarily by software costs associated with the implementation of a new claims system that was placed in service in June 2023 and human capital costs.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, certain brand and customer relations with a net value of $766,600 within the Company's restoration provider were impaired due to the discontinuation of providing restoration services to our policyholders. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as a result of a goodwill impairment analysis, the entire amount of remaining goodwill was impaired, reducing our carrying value of goodwill from $92.0 million to $0.

Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $14.4 million ($0.55 earnings per share), compared to a net loss of $166.9 million ($6.29 loss per share) in the prior year period. The improvement from the prior year period is primarily due to higher underwriting income driven by growth in net premiums earned and net investment income, and lower net losses incurred as described above partly offset by higher general and administrative expenses and policy acquisition costs, as described above, which resulted in a lower combined ratio than the prior year period. Additionally, the year-over-year improvement is impacted by the $90.8 million (net of a $1.2 million tax deductible portion) non-cash goodwill impairment charge for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 described above (contributing a $3.41 loss per share). Finally, net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 included the favorable impact of a reduction of the valuation allowance for Osprey Re described above, while net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was unfavorably impacted by the mostly non-deductible goodwill impairment chargeand the establishment of a valuation allowance for Osprey Re.

Interest expense, net was $8.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, up from $5.8 million for the prior year period, driven by higher variable interest rates on our debt.

The provision from income taxes was $4.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to a benefit from income taxes of $11.2 million in the prior year period. The effective tax rate was 23.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to 6.3% for the prior year period. The impact of permanent tax differences on projected results of operations for the calendar year ~~as well as impacts to~~affects the effective tax rate, which can also fluctuate throughout the year as estimates used in the quarterly tax provision are updated with additional information. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was ~~2.2% compared to 6.4%~~also impacted by a reduction in the ~~prior year quarter, driven~~valuation allowance related to certain tax elections made by Osprey Re. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was impacted by the ~~impact~~establishment of ~~permanent differences~~a $10.7 million increase in ~~relation~~the deferred tax valuation allowance related to ~~the pre-tax loss each quarter,~~Osprey Re as well as ~~a $10.7 million valuation allowance in~~ the ~~current period quarter. The valuation allowance was recorded against our deferred tax asset related to our captive~~mostly non-deductible goodwill impairment charge described above.

reinsurer, Osprey Re, for which net operating losses can only be used to offset income at Osprey Re due to the 953(d) election made when Osprey Re was formed. This was accounted for as an increase of income tax expense for the quarter.

The net combined ratio was ~~133.3% in~~100.2% for the ~~third quarter of 2022, up 20.8~~nine months ended September 30, 2023, down 20.5 points from ~~112.5%~~120.7% in the prior year ~~quarter.~~period. The ~~increase~~decrease primarily stems ~~primarily~~ from ~~the increase in the~~lower net loss and LAE ~~ratio,~~and net expense ratios, primarily driven by higher net premiums earned and lower losses as described ~~below.~~above.

The ceded premium ratio was ~~48.1% in~~47.2% for the ~~third quarter of 2022, up 3.3 points~~nine months ended September 30, 2023, flat from ~~44.8%~~47.2% in the prior year ~~quarter,~~period, reflecting ~~a higher cost of~~ the ~~2022-2023 catastrophe excess of loss program, stemming from both higher costs and higher TIV, driving~~growth in gross premiums earned outpacing the growth in ceded premiums earned ~~to outpace the growth in gross premiums earned~~as described above.

The net loss and LAE ratio was ~~97.6% in~~64.6% for the ~~third quarter of 2022, up 17.8~~nine months ended September 30, 2023, down 19.8 points from ~~79.8%~~84.4% in the prior year ~~quarter,~~period, primarily driven by higher net premiums earned and significantly lower weather and attritional ~~losses. Net current accident year weather~~ losses ~~of $63.8 million, up 24.2% from $51.4 million in~~compared to the prior year quarter. Current accident year weather losses include $40.0 million of net current accident quarter catastrophe losses from Hurricane Ian, up from $16.0 million in the prior year quarter, and $23.8 million of other weather losses, down from $35.4 million in the prior year quarter.period as described above.

The net expense ratio was 35.7% ~~in the third quarter of 2022, up 3.0 points from 32.7% in the prior year quarter. This was driven by higher underwriting costs associated with the growth in gross premiums written.~~

~~Total revenue was $487.9 million~~ for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2022, up 5.0%~~2023, down 0.6 points from ~~$464.8 million in the prior year period. The increase primarily stems from higher net premiums earned and investment income, as described below.~~

Gross premiums written were $953.0 million for the nine months ended September 30. 2022, up 7.6% from $886.1 million in the prior year period. We experienced growth of 13.1% outside of Florida and 1.8% growth in Florida. Growth throughout our book of business was largely driven by rate increases resulting in a higher average premium per policy.

Premiums-in-force were $1.24 billion in the third quarter of 2022, up 5.8% from third quarter 2021, while policies-in-force were down 6.9%, with the difference largely stemming from rate increases. The reduction in policies-in-force from the third quarter of 2021 reflects our exposure management initiatives.

Gross premiums earned were $891.5 million for the nine months ended September 30. 2022, up 7.0% from $850.5 million in the prior year period. The increase reflects higher gross premiums written over the preceding twelve months, driven primarily by higher rates.

Ceded premiums earned were $420.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, up 5.3% from $399.3 million in the prior year period. The increase is attributable to the higher cost of the current year catastrophe excess of loss contract for which the impact was partly offset by a $18 million ceded premium on the severe convective storm contract included in the prior year amount.

Net premiums earned were $470.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, up 4.4% from $451.1 million in the prior year period. On a year-to-date basis, growth in gross premiums earned exceeded the growth in ceded premiums earned. However, on a quarter-to-date basis, the growth in ceded premiums earned exceeded the growth in gross premiums earned. This relates primarily to the cost of our severe convective storm reinsurance contract in 2021, which was fully earned by the second quarter of 2021.

Net investment income, inclusive of realized investment gains and unrealized gains on equity securities, was $6.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to $2.9 million in the prior year period. The increase is primarily due to higher balances in our fixed income portfolio than the prior nine-month period, coupled with a higher interest rate environment.

Other revenue was $10.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, down 7.3% from $10.8 million in the prior year period, driven primarily by a decline in policy fee income associated with the reduction of policies in force.

~~Total operating expenses were $660.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, up 34.7% from $490.0 million~~36.3% in the prior year period, primarily ~~due to~~driven by the ~~$92.0 million pre-tax goodwill impairment charge taken in the second quarter~~benefit of ~~2022, and a $69.0 million increase in losses and loss adjustment expenses detailed below.~~

~~Losses and LAE were $397.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, up 21.0% from $328.4 million in~~higher net premiums earned over the prior year ~~period driven by higher weather and attritional losses. Net current accident year weather losses were $165.7 million, up 40.1% from $118.3 million in the prior year~~ period. Current accident year catastrophe weather losses were $117.1 million, up from $55.8 million in the prior year period, with current accident year other weather losses of $48.6 million, down from $62.5 million in the prior year period. Net current accident year catastrophe weather losses include a $40.0 million retention for Hurricane Ian.

Policy acquisition costs were $115.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, up 6.1% from $109.2 million in the prior year period. The increase is primarily attributable to growth in gross premiums written.

General and administrative expenses were $54.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, up 4.7% from $52.5 million in the prior year period. The increase is primarily attributable to a $1.5 million state tax credit recorded in the prior year period.

As a result of our analysis for goodwill impairment performed during the second quarter of 2022, we impaired the entire amount of remaining goodwill, reducing our carrying value of goodwill from $92.0 million to $0. See the section titled “Goodwill Impairment Charge” above for more detail on our goodwill impairment charge.

Net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $166.9 million ($6.29 loss per share), compared to a net loss of $25.5 million ($0.91 loss per share) in the prior year period. The year-over-year change primarily stems from a $90.8 million (net of a $1.2 million tax deductible portion) non-cash goodwill impairment charge, as described above, coupled with an underwriting loss generated for the nine-month period driven by higher weather and attritional losses over the prior period, which includes a net retention of $40.0 million related to Hurricane Ian, as described above. Additionally, the benefit for income taxes was lower than our statutory rate, as described below.

~~Net interest expense was $5.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, slightly down from the prior year period.~~

Benefit for income taxes was $11.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $5.6 million in the prior year period. The effective tax rate was 6.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to 18.1% for the prior year period. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was impacted by the mostly non-deductible goodwill impairment charge as described above as well as a valuation allowance of $10.7 million recorded against our deferred tax asset, related to our captive reinsurer, Osprey Re, related to the IRC Section 953(d) election made when Osprey Re was formed. As a result of this election, net operating losses for Osprey Re may only be used to offset taxable income at Osprey Re.

The impact of permanent tax differences on projected results of operations for the calendar year also impacts the effective tax rate, which can also fluctuate throughout the year as estimates used in the quarterly tax provision are updated with additional information.

The net combined ratio was 120.7% for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022, up 12.1 points from 108.6% in the prior year period. The increase primarily stems from a higher net loss and LAE ratio as well as a small increase in the net expense ratio, as described below.

The ceded premium ratio was 47.2% for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022, relatively flat from 47.0% in the prior year period. The cost of the current year catastrophe excess of loss contract was higher than the prior year but the impact was partly offset by a $18 million ceded premium on the severe convective storm contract included in the prior year amount.

The net loss and LAE ratio was 84.4% for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022, up 11.6 points from 72.8% in the prior year period, driven by higher weather and attritional losses, including the $40 million retention for Hurricane Ian, compared to the prior year period, which was partly offset by the 4.4% increase in net premiums earned.

~~The net expense ratio was 36.3% for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2022, slightly up from 35.8% in the prior year period, driven by a lower PAC ratio.~~

Our principal sources of liquidity include cash flows generated from operations, existing cash and cash equivalents, our marketable securities balances and borrowings available under our ~~credit facilities. As of~~Credit Facilities. At September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, we had ~~$297.5~~$238.6 million of cash and cash equivalents and ~~$651.8~~$665.0 million in investments, compared to ~~$359.3~~$287.6 million and ~~$694.7~~$653.6 million, respectively, as of December 31, ~~2021.~~2022. The decrease in cash and cash equivalents ~~was~~relates primarily ~~due~~ to ~~the~~ timing of ~~reinsurance payments for our catastrophe excess of loss program as well as timing~~receipts of reinsurance ~~recoveries. The decrease in investments is due~~recoveries from claim payments related to the unrealized losses on the Company’s available-for-sale fixed income securities portfolio. The unrealized losses resulted from the continued decline in bond prices throughout 2022 as a result of the higher interest rate environment. The Company’s fixed income portfolio average credit rating is A+ with a duration of 3.4 years at September 30, 2022.hurricane losses.

We generally hold substantial cash balances to meet seasonal liquidity needs including amounts to pay quarterly reinsurance installments as well as meet the collateral requirements of Osprey Re, our captive reinsurance company, which is required to maintain a collateral trust account equal to the risk that it assumes from our insurance company affiliates.

We believe that our sources of liquidity are adequate to meet our cash requirements for at least the next twelve months.

We may ~~continue to pursue the acquisition of complementary businesses and make strategic investments. We may~~ increase capital expenditures consistent with our investment plans and anticipated ~~growth strategy.~~business strategies. Cash and cash equivalents may not be sufficient to fund such expenditures. As such, in addition to the use of our existing Credit Facilities, we may need to utilize additional debt to secure funds for such purposes.

As part of the Seventh Amendment to the Credit Agreement, discussed below, going forward, dividends and stock repurchases may be limited or restricted entirely and our ability to contribute capital to our insurance subsidiaries that are not parties to the Credit Agreement may be limited.

Net cash used in operating activities was ~~$15.5~~$29.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 compared to ~~net~~ cash ~~provided by~~used in operating activities of ~~$72.8~~$15.5 million for the comparable period in ~~2021.~~2022. The ~~decrease~~increase in cash from operating activities

relates primarily to timing of cash flows associated with claim and reinsurance payments as well as reinsurance reimbursements during the first nine months of ~~2022~~2023 compared to the first nine months of ~~2021.~~2022, as described above.

Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$33.5~~$12.4 million as compared to net cash used in investing activities of ~~$112.9~~$33.5 million for the comparable period in ~~2021.~~2022. The change in cash used in investing activities relates primarily to ~~allocations~~the timing of ~~funds~~investment maturities and related re-investment of proceeds and operating cash into short-term treasury bills. In addition, cash was expended in both periods for ~~investment~~a new policy, billing and claims system, which is reported as software in ~~each period. Strategic sales~~progress in Note 6. Property and Equipment. The claims portion of ~~investments to yield realized gains~~the system was placed in ~~2020 produced proceeds which were re-invested in 2021, driving up~~service during the ~~cash used for investing activities for that period.~~second quarter of 2023.

Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 was ~~$12.0~~$7.3 million, as compared to cash used in financing activities of ~~$7.4~~$12.0 million for the comparable period in ~~2021.~~2022. The ~~increase~~change in net cash used ~~for~~in financing activities ~~was driven by draws~~relates primarily to the principal payments made on debt during the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the repurchase of $5 million in treasury stock, payment of $4.8 million of dividends, and a $25 million draw from our Revolving Credit Facility (defined below) ~~totaling $25 million~~ to purchase and retire $22.5 million of Convertible Notes ~~and a larger amount of treasury stock purchases during the nine months ended September 30, 2022.~~(defined below).

The Company is party to a Credit Agreement by and among the Company, as borrower, certain subsidiaries of the Company from time to time party thereto as guarantors, the lenders from time to time party thereto (the “Lenders”), Regions Bank, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent, BMO Harris Bank N.A., as Syndication Agent, Hancock Whitney Bank and Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, as Co-Documentation Agents, and Regions Capital Markets and BMO Capital Markets Corp., as Joint Lead Arrangers and Joint Bookrunners (as amended from time to time, the “Credit Agreement”).

Based on the Company’s results for the third quarter of 2022, management considered it likely at that time that the Company would be out of compliance with certain financial covenants in the Credit Agreement. In order to avoid a covenant violation, on November 7, 2022, the Company and its subsidiary guarantors entered into an amendment to the Credit Agreement to, among other things, (i) decrease the revolving credit facility from $75 million to $50 million, (ii) establish a new $25 million term loan facility to refinance loans outstanding under the existing revolving credit facility and to pay fees, costs and expenses related thereto, (iii) reduce, from $50 million to $25 million, the aggregate amount of potential future increases to the revolving credit facility commitments and/or term loan commitments, (iii) modify the amortization of the existing term loan facility and new term loan facility to 10% per annum, paid quarterly, and (iii) increase the applicable margin for loans under the Credit Agreement to a range from 2.75% to 3.25% per annum for SOFR loans (plus a 0.10% credit adjustment spread) and based on a leverage ratio (an increase from the prior range of 2.50% to 3.00%). The Seventh Amendment also modified certain financial covenants in the Credit Agreement which may limit the Company’s flexibility in connection with future financing transactions and in the allocation of capital in the future, including the Company’s ability to pay dividends and make stock repurchases, and contribute capital to its insurance subsidiaries that are not parties to the Credit Agreement. For additional information regarding the changes to the financial covenants in the Credit Agreement, refer to Part II, Item 5, “Other Information” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

The Credit Agreement, as amended, provides for (1) a five-year senior secured term loan facility in an aggregate principal amount of $100 million (the “Term Loan Facility”) and (2) a five-year senior secured revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal amount of $50 million (inclusive of a sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit equal to the unused amount of the revolving credit facility and a sublimit for swingline loans equal to the lesser of $25 million and the unused amount of the revolving credit facility) (the “Revolving Credit Facility” and together with the Term Loan Facility, the “Credit Facilities”).

Term Loan Facility. ~~As amended by the Seventh Amendment, the~~ The principal amount of the Term Loan Facility amortizes in quarterly installments, which began with the close of the fiscal quarter ending March 31, 2019, in an amount equal to $1.9 million per quarter, payable quarterly, decreasing to $875,000 per quarter commencing with the quarter ending December 31, 2021, and increasing to $2.4 million per quarter commencing with the quarter ending December 31, 2022, with the remaining balance payable at maturity. The Term Loan Facility matures on July 28, 2026. As of September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, there was ~~$66.5~~$82.0 million in aggregate principal outstanding ~~on the Term Loan Facility and as of November 7, 2022, after giving effect to the additional term loan advance that was used to refinance amounts outstanding~~ under ~~the Revolving Credit Facility and to pay fees, costs and expenses related thereto, there was $73.9 million in aggregate principal outstanding on~~ the Term Loan Facility.

At our option, borrowings under the Credit Facilities bear interest at rates equal to either (1) a rate determined by reference to SOFR, plus an applicable margin (described below) and a credit adjustment spread equal to 0.10% or (2) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (a) the “prime rate” of Regions Bank, (b) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, and (c) the adjusted term SOFR in effect on such day for an interest period of one month plus 1.00%, plus an applicable margin (described below).

The applicable margin for loans under the Credit Facilities varies from 2.75% per annum to 3.25% per annum (for SOFR loans) and 1.75% to 2.25% per annum (for base rate loans) based on our consolidated leverage ratio ranging from 1.25-to-1 to greater than 2.25-to-1. Interest payments with respect to the Credit Facilities are required either on a quarterly basis (for base rate loans) or at the end of each interest period (for SOFR loans) or, if the duration of the applicable interest period exceeds three months, then every three months. As of September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the ~~borrowing~~borrowings under ~~our~~the Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit ~~Facilities were~~Facility are accruing interest at a rate of ~~5.88%~~8.184% and 8.170% per ~~annum.~~annum, respectively.

We may prepay the loans under the Credit Facilities, in whole or in part, at any time without premium or penalty, subject to certain conditions including minimum amounts and reimbursement of certain costs in the case of prepayments of SOFR loans. In addition, we are required to prepay the loan under the Term Loan Facility with the proceeds from certain financing transactions, involuntary dispositions or asset sales (subject, in the case of asset sales, to reinvestment rights).

All obligations under the Credit Facilities are or will be guaranteed by each existing and future direct and indirect wholly owned domestic subsidiary of the Company, other than all of the Company’s current and future regulated insurance subsidiaries (collectively, the “Guarantors”).

The Company and the Guarantors are party to a Pledge and Security Agreement, (as amended from time to time the “Security Agreement”), in favor of Regions Bank, as collateral agent. Pursuant to the Security Agreement, amounts borrowed under the Credit Facilities are secured on a first priority basis by a perfected security interest in substantially all of the present and future assets of the Company and each Guarantor (subject to certain exceptions), including all of the capital stock of the Company’s domestic subsidiaries, other than its regulated insurance subsidiaries.

2.50 to 1.00, stepping down to 2.25 to 1.00 as of the second quarter of 2024 and 2.00 to 1.00 as of the second quarter of 2025, (2) a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.20 to 1.00 and (3) a minimum consolidated net worth for the Company and its subsidiaries, which is required to be not less than $100 million plus 50% of positive quarterly net income (including its subsidiaries and regulated subsidiaries) plus the net cash proceeds of any equity transactions. Events of default include, among other events, (i) nonpayment of principal, interest, fees or other amounts; (ii) failure to perform or observe certain covenants set forth in the Credit Agreement; (iii) breach of any representation or warranty; (iv) cross-default to other indebtedness; (v) bankruptcy and insolvency defaults; (vi) monetary judgment defaults and material nonmonetary judgment defaults; (vii) customary ERISA defaults; (viii) a change of control of the Company; and (ix) failure to maintain specified catastrophe retentions in each of the Company’s regulated insurance subsidiaries.

On August 10, 2017, the Company and Heritage MGA, LLC (the “Notes Guarantor”) entered into a purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Citigroup Global Markets Inc., as the initial purchaser (the “Initial Purchaser”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to issue and sell, and the Initial Purchaser agreed to purchase, ~~$125.0~~$136.8 million aggregate principal amount of the Company’s 5.875% Convertible Senior Notes due 2037 (the “Convertible Notes”) in a private placement transaction pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act, as amended (the “Securities Act”). The Purchase Agreement contained customary representations, warranties and agreements of the Company and the Notes Guarantor and customary conditions to closing, indemnification rights and obligations of the parties and termination provisions. The net proceeds from the offering of the Convertible Notes, after deducting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by the Company, were approximately $120.5 million. The offering of the Convertible Notes was completed on August 16, 2017.

The Company issued the Convertible Notes under an Indenture (the “Convertible Note Indenture”), dated August 16, 2017, by and among the Company, as issuer, the Notes Guarantor, as guarantor, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee (the “Trustee”).

The Convertible Notes bear interest at a rate of 5.875% per year. Interest is payable semi-annually in arrears, on February 1 and August 1 of each year. The Convertible Notes are senior unsecured obligations of the Company that rank senior in right of payment to the Company’s future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated in right of payment to the Convertible Notes; equal in right of payment to the Company’s unsecured indebtedness that is not so subordinated; effectively junior to any of the Company’s secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness; and structurally junior to all indebtedness or other

liabilities incurred by the Company’s subsidiaries other than the Notes Guarantor, which fully and unconditionally guarantee the Convertible Notes on a senior unsecured basis.

The Convertible Notes mature on August 1, 2037, unless earlier repurchased, redeemed or converted.

Holders may convert their Convertible Notes at any time prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding February 1, 2037, other than during the period from, and including, February 1, 2022 to the close of business on the second business day immediately preceding August 5, 2022, only under the following circumstances: (1) during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on September 30, 2017, if the closing sale price of the Company’s common stock, for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) in the period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on the last trading day of the calendar quarter immediately preceding the calendar quarter in which the conversion occurs, is more than 130% of the conversion price of the Convertible Notes in effect on each applicable trading day; (2) during the ten consecutive business-day period following any five consecutive trading-day period in which the trading price for the Convertible Notes for each such trading day was less than 98% of the closing sale price of the Company’s common stock on such date multiplied by the then-current conversion rate; (3) if the Company calls any or all of the Convertible Notes for redemption, at any time prior to the close of business on the second business day immediately preceding the redemption date; or (4) upon the occurrence of specified corporate events.

During the period from and including February 1, 2022 to the close of business on the second business day immediately preceding August 5, 2022, and on or after February 1, 2037 until the close of business on the second business day immediately preceding August 1, 2037, holders may surrender their Convertible Notes for conversion at any time, regardless of the foregoing circumstances.

The conversion rate for the Convertible Notes was initially 67.0264 shares of common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Convertible Notes (equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $14.92 per share of common stock). The conversion rate is subject to adjustment in certain circumstances and is subject to increase for holders that elect to convert their Convertible Notes in connection with certain corporate transactions (but not, at the Company’s election, a public acquirer change of control (as defined in the Convertible Note Indenture)) that occur prior to August 5, 2022.

Upon the occurrence of a fundamental change (as defined in the Convertible Note Indenture) (but not, at the Company’s election, a public acquirer change of control (as defined in the Convertible Note Indenture), holders of the Convertible Notes may require the Company to repurchase for cash all or a portion of their Convertible Notes at a fundamental change repurchase price equal

to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the fundamental change repurchase date.

~~Except as described below, the Company may not redeem the Convertible Notes prior to August 5, 2022. On or after August 5, 2022 but~~At any time prior to February 1, 2037, the Company may redeem for cash all or any portion of the Convertible Notes, at the Company’s option, at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Convertible Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the redemption date. No sinking fund is provided for the Convertible Notes, which means that the Company is not required to redeem or retire the Convertible Notes periodically. Holders of the Convertible Notes are able to cause the Company to repurchase their Convertible Notes for cash on any of August 1, 2022, August 1, 2027 and August 1, 2032, in each case at 100% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the relevant repurchase date.

The Convertible Note Indenture contains customary terms and covenants and events of default. If an Event of Default (as defined in the Convertible Note Indenture) occurs and is continuing, the Trustee by notice to the Company, or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Notes then outstanding by notice to the Company and the Trustee, may declare 100% of the principal of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on, all the Convertible Notes to be immediately due and payable. In the case of certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization (as set forth in the Convertible Note Indenture) with respect to the Company, 100% of the principal of, and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, on, the Convertible Notes automatically become immediately due and payable.

In January 2022, the Company repurchased $11.7 million principal amount of outstanding Convertible Notes. As of September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, there was $885,000 principal amount of outstanding Convertible Notes, net of $21.1 million of Convertible Notes held by an insurance company subsidiary.

As discussed above, holders of the Convertible Notes issued by the Company had an optional put right, pursuant to the indenture governing the Convertible Notes, to require the Company to repurchase the aggregate principal amount of Convertible Notes that are validly tendered. The Company ~~has~~ received notice from the ~~Depositary~~Depository for the Convertible Notes that, on July 29, 2022, ~~$10,895,000~~$10.9 million aggregate principal amount of the Convertible Notes has been validly tendered in accordance with the terms of the indenture and the Company’s notice with respect to the optional put right of the Convertible Notes, and the Company has requested that the ~~trustee~~Trustee cancel the Convertible Notes tendered. The outstanding balance as of September 30, ~~2022~~2023 of non-affiliated Notes was ~~$11.8 million.~~$885,000. On August 1, 2022, the Company made payments for the principal amount of the Convertible Notes tendered and unpaid interest in the aggregate amounts of $10.9 million and $320,041, respectively. The Company has drawn $10.0 million from ~~its revolver~~the Revolving Credit Facility to replenish the cash used to pay the $10.9 million for the purchase of the tendered Convertible Notes.

In December 2018, a subsidiary of the Company pledged U.S. government and agency fixed maturity securities with an estimated fair value of ~~$26.4~~$25.3 million as collateral and received $19.2 million in a cash loan under an advance agreement with the FHLB Atlanta. The loan originated on December 12, 2018 and bears a fixed interest rate of 3.094% with interest payments due quarterly commencing in March 2019. ~~The principal balance on~~On September 20, 2023, the ~~loan has a~~Company restructured the agreement to extend the maturity date ofto March 28, 2025, with a 5.109% fixed interest rate payable quarterly commencing December ~~13,~~28, 2023. ~~In connection with the agreement, the~~The subsidiary ~~became~~continues to be a member ofin the FHLB. Membership in the FHLB required an investment in FHLB’s common stock which was purchased on December 31, 2018 and valued at $1.4 million. As of September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the common stock ~~is value~~was valued at ~~$1.2~~$1.4 million. The subsidiary is permitted to withdraw any portion of the pledged collateral over the minimum collateral requirement at any time, other than in the event of a default by the subsidiary. The proceeds from the loan ~~was~~were used to prepay the Company’s Senior Secured Notes due 2023 in 2018.

When we prepare our condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), we must make estimates and assumptions about future events that affect the amounts we report. Certain of these estimates result from judgments that can be subjective and complex. As a result of that subjectivity and complexity, and because we continuously evaluate these estimates and assumptions based on a variety of factors, actual results could materially differ from our estimates and assumptions if changes in one or more factors require us to make accounting adjustments. In September 2022, we assessed our deferred tax position and recorded a $10.7 million valuation against our net deferred tax asset at September 30, 2022. We intend to continue maintaining the valuation allowance on our net deferred tax asset until there is sufficient evidence to support the reversal of all or some portion of the allowance. We have made no ~~other~~ material changes or additions with regard to those policies and estimates as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021.~~

Our insurance business is seasonal; hurricanes typically occur during the period from June 1 through November 30 and winter storms generally impact the first and fourth quarters each year. With our catastrophe reinsurance program effective on June 1 each year, any variation in the cost of our reinsurance, whether due to changes to reinsurance rates or changes in the total insured value of our policy base will occur and be reflected in our financial results beginning June 1 of each year, subject to certain adjustments.2022.

The information set forth under Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements under the caption “Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies” is incorporated herein by reference. We do not expect any recently issued accounting pronouncements to have a material effect on our condensed consolidated financial statements.

The duration of the financial instruments held in our portfolio that are subject to interest rate risk was ~~3.358~~2.605 years and ~~3.891~~3.358 years at September 30, 2023 and 2022, and ~~2021, and 3.903~~3.179 years at December 31, ~~2021.~~2022. As interest rates ~~continue to~~ rise, the fair value of our fixed rate debt securities are subject to decline. Credit risk results from uncertainty in a counterparty’s ability to meet its obligations. Credit risk is managed by maintaining a high credit quality fixed maturity securities portfolio. As of September 30, ~~2022,~~2023, the estimated weighted-average credit quality rating of the fixed maturity securities portfolio was A+, at fair value, consistent with the average rating at ~~December 31, 2021.~~September 30, 2022.

Under the amended term loan agreement dated November 7, 2022, borrowings under the Credit Facilities bear interest at rates equal to either (1) a rate determined by reference to SOFR, plus an applicable margin and a credit adjustment spread equal to 0.10% or (2) a base rate determined by reference to the highest of (a) the “prime rate” of Regions Bank, (b) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, and (c) the adjusted term SOFR in effect on such day for an interest period of one month plus 1.00%, plus an applicable margin, eliminating any reference to LIBOR.

The Federal Reserve has tightened monetary policy, including multiple interest rate increases in the first half of 2022; however, the outlook is less certain for longer-term rates during the second half of 2022 and beyond. ~~At September 30, 2022, we~~We have not experienced a material impact when compared to the tabular presentations of our interest rate and market risk sensitive instruments in our ~~2021~~ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021.~~2022.

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)) that are designed to assure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

As required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, ~~2022.~~2023.

There has been no change in our internal controls over financial reporting during our most recent quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. There were no significant changes to our internal control over financial reporting for the period ending September 30, ~~2022.~~2023.

The Company is a party to claims and legal actions arising routinely in the ordinary course of our business. Although we cannot predict with certainty the ultimate resolution of the claims and lawsuits asserted against us, we do not believe that any currently pending legal proceedings to which we are a party will have a material adverse effect on our condensed consolidated financial position results of operations or cash flow.

The Company documented its risk factors in Item 1A of Part I of its ~~annual report~~Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, ~~2021,~~2022 filed on March ~~14, 2022.~~13, 2023. There have been no material changes to the Company’s risk factors since the filing of that report.

The Company's Board of Directors authorized during the second quarter of 2022 the $0.06 per share typically used to pay a quarterly dividend to shareholders to be allocated to repurchase common stock. The authorization was for $2.0 million to repurchase common stock commencing in August 2022.Not Applicable

~~During the third quarter ended September 30, 2022, the Company purchased 632,744 shares of common stock in aggregate of $1.7 million with an average share price of $2.73 per share.~~

~~A summary of our common stock repurchases during the quarter ended September 30, 2022, is set forth in the table below (in thousands, except shares and price per share):~~

~~On November 7, 2022, Heritage Insurance Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiary guarantors (together,~~During the “Company”) amended that certain Credit Agreement dated as of December 14, 2018 (as amended to date, the “Credit Agreement”) by entering into the Seventh Amendment to the Credit Agreement (the “Seventh Amendment”) with the lenders party to the Credit Agreement, and Regions Bank, as administrative agent, collateral agent, swingline lender and issuing bank.

The Seventh Amendment amended the Credit Agreement to, among other things, (i) decrease the revolving credit facility from $75 million to $50 million, (ii) establish a new $25 million term loan facility to refinance loans outstanding under the existing revolving credit facility and to pay fees, costs and expenses related thereto, (iii) reduce, from $50 million to $25 million, the aggregate amount of potential future increases to the revolving credit facility commitments and/three months ended September 30, 2023, no director or ~~term loan commitments, (iii) modify the amortization~~officer of the ~~existing~~Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term loan facility and new term loan facility to 10% per annum, paid quarterly, and (iii) increase the applicable margin for loans under the Credit Agreement to a range from 2.75% to 3.25% per annum for SOFR loans (plus a 0.10% credit adjustment spread) and based on a leverage ratio (an increase from the prior range of 2.50% to 3.00%).

Restricted Payments (as defined in the Credit Agreement) and (B) fee forgiveness & other capital contributions to the Company’s regulated insurance companies that are not a party to the Credit Agreement (“Non-credit Parties”) that exceed $38 million, when calculating (i) Consolidated Tangible Net Worth (as defined in the Credit Agreement) which is required to be not less than $100 million plus 50% of positive quarterly net income (including its subsidiaries and regulated subsidiaries) plus the net cash proceeds of any equity transactions and (ii) Consolidated Fixed Charge Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) which is required to be 1.20x . The Seventh Amendment also (A) eliminates the current $10 million basket available to the Company to pay dividends to its shareholders or to repurchase its securities, (B) provides for a dividend of up to $2 million in the fourth quarter of 2024 under certain conditions and (C) restricts future dividends based on maintenance of certain financial ratios, including Consolidated Tangible Net Worth. As a result, going forward, dividends and stock repurchases may be limited or restricted entirely and the Company’s ability to contribute capital to its insurance subsidiaries that are not parties to the Credit Agreement may be limited.

The lenders under the Credit Agreement and their affiliates may in the future engage in transactions with and perform services, including commercial banking, financial advisory and investment banking services, for the Company and its affiliates in the ordinary course of business for which they may receive customary fees and expenses.

The above summary description of the Seventh Amendment does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by reference to, the Seventh Amendment, a copy of which is filed herewith as Exhibit 10.1 and incorporated herein by reference.

~~Item 2.03 Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant~~

~~The information contained in Item 1.01 is hereby incorporated into this Item 2.03 by reference thereto.~~

The information required by this Item 6 is set forth in the Index to Exhibits accompanying this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share	HRTG	New York Stock Exchange


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒	Emerging growth company	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐☒


	Page
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1 Unaudited Financial Statements
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets: September 30, ~~2022~~2023 (unaudited) and December 31, ~~2021~~2022	2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Other Comprehensive ~~Loss:~~(Loss) Income: Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, ~~2022~~2023 and ~~2021~~2022 (unaudited)	3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity: Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 ~~and 2021(unaudited)~~(unaudited)	4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows: Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 ~~and 2021(unaudited)~~(unaudited)	6
Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2 Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	2926
Item 3 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	4138
Item 4 Controls and Procedures	4238
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1 Legal Proceedings	4339
Item 1A Risk Factors	4339
Item 2 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	4339
Item 5 Other Information		4339
Item 6 Exhibits	4439
Signatures	4640


	Balance Sheet Classification	September 30, 2022		December 31, 2021
Right-of-use assets - operating	Right-of-use lease asset, net	$	4,437	$	5,035
Right-of-use assets - finance	Right-of-use lease asset, net	$	20,781	$	22,718
Lease liability - operating	Lease liability	$	5,821	$	6,551
Lease liability - finance	Lease liability	$	23,080	$	24,621


	As of September 30, 2022				As of December 31, 2021
	Carrying Value		Maximum Loss Exposure		Carrying Value		Maximum Loss Exposure
	(in thousands)
Investments in non-consolidated VIEs - Equity Method	$	3,517	$	3,517	$	3,852	$	3,852
Investments in non-consolidated VIEs - Amortized Cost	$	8,490	$	8,490	$	15,000	$	15,000
Investments in non-consolidated VIEs - Measure Alternative	$	5,077	$	5,077	$	5,077	$	5,077
Total non-consolidated VIEs	$	17,084	$	17,084	$	23,929	$	23,929


	Three Months Ended September 30, 2022		Three Months Ended September 30, 2021
Amortization of ROU assets - Finance leases	$	651	$	647
Interest on lease liabilities - Finance leases		244		263
Variable lease cost (cost excluded from lease payments)		287		112
Operating lease cost (cost resulting from lease payments)		350		339
Total lease cost	$	1,532	$	1,361


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021
Amortization of ROU assets - Finance leases	$	1,943	$	1,321
Interest on lease liabilities - Finance leases		739		524
Variable lease cost (cost excluded from lease payments)		713		373
Operating lease cost (cost resulting from lease payments)		1,055		1,018
Total lease cost	$	4,450	$	3,236


	At September 30, 2022		At September 30, 2021
Finance lease - Operating cash flows	$	737	$	31
Finance lease - Financing cash flows	$	1,540	$	100

Operating lease - Operating cash flows (fixed payments)	$	1,188	$	1,123
Operating lease - Operating cash flows (liability reduction)	$	942	$	840


	September 30, 2022			September 30, 2021
Weighted average lease term - Finance leases	8.37 yrs.			9.34 yrs.
Weighted average lease term - Operating leases	5.68 yrs.			6.40 yrs.
Weighted average discount rate - Finance leases		4.2	%		4.2	%
Weighted average discount rate - Operating leases		5.4	%		5.3	%


	September 30, 2022
2022 remaining	$	1,161
2023		4,592
2024		4,263
2025		3,970
2026		3,990
Thereafter		16,225
Total lease payments		34,201
Less: imputed interest		(5,300	)
Present value of lease liabilities	$	28,901


	Goodwill
	(in thousands)
Balance as of December 31, 2021	$	91,959
Goodwill acquired	—
Impairment		(91,959	)
Balance as of September 30, 2022	$	—


				Weighted-Average
				Grant-Date Fair
	Number of shares			Value per Share
Non-vested, at December 31, 2021		283,092		$	9.32
Granted - Performance-based restricted stock		256,445			6.67
Granted - Time-based restricted stock		240,107			5.18
Vested		(41,919	)		4.81
Canceled and surrendered		(22,271	)		4.40
Non-vested, at September 30, 2022		715,454		$	7.40


		At September 30,
		2022			2021		% Change
Policies in force:
Florida			188,383			228,572		-17.6	%
Other States			352,989			352,714		0.1	%
Total			541,372			581,286		-6.9	%

Premiums in force:
Florida	$		569,589,537	$		584,994,491		-2.6	%
Other States			672,812,875			589,527,230		14.1	%
Total	$		1,242,402,412	$		1,174,521,721		5.8	%

Total Insured Value:
Florida	$		102,784,056,201	$		114,537,338,974		-10.3	%
Other States			304,657,398,158			284,498,624,168		7.1	%
Total	$		407,441,454,359	$		399,035,963,142		2.1	%


Policies-in-force:		Q3 2023			Q3 2022		% Change
Florida			158,914			188,383		(15.6	)	%
Other States			308,683			352,989		(12.6	)	%
Total			467,597			541,372		(13.6	)	%

Premiums-in-force:
Florida	$		681,067,580	$		569,589,537		19.6		%
Other States			665,351,760			672,812,875		(1.1	)	%
Total	$		1,346,419,340	$		1,242,402,412		8.4		%

Total Insured Value:
Florida	$		104,654,005,306	$		102,784,056,201		1.8		%
Other States			290,916,611,744			304,657,398,158		(4.5	)	%
Total	$		395,570,617,050	$		407,441,454,359		(2.9	)	%


	Total Number of Shares Purchased		Average Price (1) Paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs		Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (2)
July 1 - July 31, 2022		—	$	—		—	$	20,000
August 1 - August 31, 2022		237,911	$	2.78		237,911	$	19,328
September 1 - September 30, 2022		394,833	$	2.70		394,833	$	18,252
Total		632,744				632,744


3.1	Certificate of Incorporation of Heritage Insurance Holdings, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 6, 2014
3.2	By-laws of Heritage Insurance Holdings, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 6, 2014
4	Form of Stock Certificate (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1/A (File No. 333-195409) filed on May 13, 2014)
~~4.1~~	~~Form of 5.875% Convertible Senior Notes due 2037 (included in Exhibit 4.1), (incorporated by reference to 1.1 to our Form 8-K filed on August 16, 2017)~~
~~4.2~~	Indenture, dated as of August 16, 2017, by and among the Company. Heritage MGA, LLC as guarantor, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as trustee, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed on August 16, 2017)
10.1*	Seventh Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated November 7, 2022, among Heritage Insurance Holdings, Inc., certain subsidiaries of Heritage Insurance Holdings, Inc. from time to time party as guarantors, the lenders from time to time party and Regions Bank, as Administrative Agent and Collateral Agent
31.1*	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
31.2*	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.1**	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.SC. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2**	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.SC. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002


101.INS*		Inline XBRL Instance Document (the Instance Document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
101.SCH*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Data Document
101.PRE*		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)


	HERITAGE INSURANCE HOLDINGS, INC.

Date: November ~~9, 2022~~6, 2023	By:	/s/ ERNESTO GARATEIX
		Ernesto Garateix
		Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer and Duly Authorized Officer)

Date: November ~~9, 2022~~6, 2023	By:	/s/ KIRK LUSK
		Kirk Lusk
		Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)