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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


ý		QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020
or
o		TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number: 000-24049

CRA International, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Massachusetts		04-2372210
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
200 Clarendon Street, Boston, MA		02116-5092
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(617) 425-3000
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class		Trading Symbol		Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

Common Stock, no par value		CRAI		Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


	Large accelerated filero		Accelerated filer ý		Non-accelerated filer o		Smaller reporting company o Emerging growth company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No ý

~~Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:~~

~~Title of Each Class~~		~~Trading Symbol~~		~~Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered~~

~~Common Stock, no par value~~		~~CRAI~~		~~Nasdaq Global Select Market~~

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class		Outstanding at April ~~26, 2019~~24, 2020

Common Stock, no par value per share		~~8,040,916~~7,789,227 shares

Table of Contents

CRA International, Inc.

INDEX


PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1.	Financial Statements		31
	Condensed Consolidated ~~Income~~ Statements of Operations (unaudited)—Fiscal Quarters Ended March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020 and March ~~31, 2018~~30, 2019		1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited)—Fiscal Quarters Ended March 28, 2020 and March 30, 2019		2
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)—March 28, 2020 and December 28, 2019		3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of ~~Comprehensive Income~~Cash Flows (unaudited)—Fiscal Quarters Ended March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020 and March ~~31, 2018~~30, 2019		4
	~~Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)—March 30, 2019 and December 29, 2018~~	5
	~~Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)—Quarters Ended March 30, 2019 and March 31, 2018~~	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity (unaudited)—Fiscal Quarters Ended March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020 and March ~~31, 2018~~30, 2019		~~7-8~~5
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)		97
ITEM 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		2420
ITEM 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		3126
ITEM 4.	Controls and Procedures		3127
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1.	Legal Proceedings		3228
ITEM 1A.	Risk Factors		3228
ITEM 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		3328
ITEM 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities		3329
ITEM 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures		3329
ITEM 5.	Other Information		3329
ITEM 6.	Exhibits		3430
Signatures			3531

Table of Contents

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Financial Statements

CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED ~~INCOME~~ STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (unaudited)

(Inin thousands, except per share data)

Quarter Ended

March 30,
2019 March 31,
2018
Revenues
$ 105,849 $ 99,476
Costs of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)
73,635 69,391
Selling, general and administrative expenses
22,743 21,650
Depreciation and amortization
2,616 2,231

Income from operations
6,855 6,204
Interest expense, net
(11 ) (37 )
Other expense, net
(744 ) (241 )

Income before provision for income taxes
6,100 5,926
Provision for income taxes
1,435 1,040

Net income
$ 4,665 $ 4,886

Net income per share:

Basic
$ 0.58 $ 0.59

Diluted
$ 0.56 $ 0.57

Weighted average number of shares outstanding:

Basic
8,015 8,285

Diluted
8,346 8,580

~~See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.~~

~~CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (unaudited)~~

~~(In thousands)~~

Quarter Ended

March 30,
2019 March 31,
2018
Net income
$ 4,665 $ 4,886
Other comprehensive income

Foreign currency translation adjustments
712 1,318

Comprehensive income
$ 5,377 $ 6,204

~~See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.~~

~~CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited)~~

~~(In thousands, except share data)~~

March 30,
2019 December 29,
2018
ASSETS

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
$ 14,958 $ 38,028
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $3,820 at March 30, 2019 and $3,764 at December 29, 2018
89,268 94,525
Unbilled services, net of allowances of $632 at March 30, 2019 and $415 at December 29, 2018
44,963 36,060
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
7,952 6,423
Forgivable loans
9,632 6,104

Total current assets
166,773 181,140
Property and equipment, net
48,409 48,088
Goodwill
88,508 88,208
Intangible assets, net
7,503 7,846
Right-of-Use Assets
81,480 —
Deferred income taxes
9,304 9,330
Forgivable loans, net of current portion
46,770 34,190
Other assets
3,028 2,044

Total assets
$ 451,775 $ 370,846

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

Current liabilities:

Accounts payable
$ 22,530 21,938
Accrued expenses
72,280 108,233
Deferred revenue and other liabilities
5,115 6,866
Current portion of lease liabilities
9,558 —
Current portion of deferred rent
— 1,810
Current portion of deferred compensation
941 3,650
Revolving line of credit
39,000 —

Total current liabilities
149,424 142,497
Non-current liabilities:

Deferred compensation and other non-current liabilities
7,847 7,957
Deferred rent and facility-related non-current liabilities
1,364 23,618
Non-current portion of lease liabilities
94,939 —
Deferred income taxes
311 302

Total non-current liabilities
104,461 31,877
Commitments and contingencies (Note 11)

Shareholders' equity:
—
Preferred stock, no par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding

Common stock, no par value; 25,000,000 shares authorized; 8,005,898 and 8,010,480 shares issued and outstanding at March 30, 2019 and December 29, 2018, respectively
20,537 22,837
Retained earnings
189,235 186,229
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(11,882 ) (12,594 )

Total shareholders' equity
197,890 196,472

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
$ 451,775 $ 370,846

~~See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.~~

~~Table of Contents~~

~~CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.~~

~~CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)~~

~~(In thousands)~~

Quarter Ended

March 30,
2019 March 31,
2018
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

Net income
$ 4,665 $ 4,886
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization
2,611 2,223
Loss on disposal of property and equipment
5 —
Deferred rent
35 1,896
Right-of-use asset amortization
2,209 —
Deferred income taxes
21 (68 )
Share-based compensation expenses
911 1,292
Accounts receivable allowances
48 452
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable
5,742 2,958
Unbilled services
(8,666 ) (8,672 )
Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and other assets
(2,162 ) 972
Forgivable loans
(16,957 ) (16,045 )
Incentive cash awards
1,214 684
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities
(42,489 ) (31,117 )
Lease liabilities
(3,754 ) —

Net cash used in operating activities
(56,567 ) (40,539 )
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

Purchases of property and equipment
(774 ) (3,248 )

Net cash used in investing activities
(774 ) (3,248 )
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

Issuance of common stock, principally stock options exercises
1,526 535
Borrowings under revolving line of credit
39,000 10,000
Tax withholding payments reimbursed by shares
(388 ) (1,783 )
Cash paid on dividend equivalents
(35 ) (98 )
Cash dividends paid to shareholders
(1,616 ) (1,423 )
Repurchases of common stock
(4,349 ) (7,230 )

Net cash provided by financing activities
34,138 1
Effect of foreign exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
133 603

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
(23,070 ) (43,183 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
38,028 54,035

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$ 14,958 $ 10,852

Noncash investing and financing activities:

Repurchases of common stock payable
$ — $ 1,095

Purchases of property and equipment not yet paid for
$ 1,906 $ 3,923

Asset retirement obligations
$ — $ 223

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations
$ 713 $ —

Right-of-use assets related to the adoption of ASC 842
$ 82,329 $ —

Supplemental cash flow information:

Cash paid for taxes
$ 298 $ 212

Cash paid for interest
$ 59 $ 60

	Fiscal Quarter Ended

	March 28, 2020			March 30, 2019
Revenues	$	126,158		$	105,849
Costs of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		90,997			73,635
Selling, general and administrative expenses		24,123			22,743
Depreciation and amortization		2,943			2,616

Income from operations		8,095			6,855
Interest expense, net		(362	)		(11	)
Foreign currency gains (losses), net		1,422			(744	)

Income before provision for income taxes		9,155			6,100
Provision for income taxes		2,687			1,435

Net income	$	6,468		$	4,665



Net income per share:
Basic	$	0.83		$	0.58



Diluted	$	0.80		$	0.56



Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Basic		7,805			8,015



Diluted		8,037			8,346

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (unaudited)

(in thousands)

	Fiscal Quarter Ended

	March 28, 2020			March 30, 2019
Net income	$	6,468		$	4,665
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustments		(2,427	)		712

Comprehensive income	$	4,041		$	5,377

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED ~~STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY~~BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited)
~~FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 30, 2019 (unaudited)~~

(Inin thousands, except ~~share data and per~~ share data)

Common Stock

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss

Shares
Issued Amount Retained
Earnings Total
Shareholders'
Equity
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 29, 2018
8,010,480 $ 22,837 $ 186,229 $ (12,594 ) $ 196,472
Net income
— — 4,665 — 4,665
Foreign currency translation adjustment
— — — 712 712
Exercise of stock options
64,700 1,526 — — 1,526
Share-based compensation expense
— 911 — — 911
Restricted shares vestings
25,484 — — — —
Redemption of vested employee restricted shares for tax withholding
(8,157 ) (388 ) — — (388 )
Shares repurchased
(86,609 ) (4,349 ) — — (4,349 )
Accrued dividends on unvested shares
— — (8 ) — (8 )
Cash paid on dividend equivalents
— — (35 ) — (35 )
Cash dividends paid to shareholders ($0.20 per share)
— — (1,616 ) — (1,616 )

BALANCE AT MARCH 30, 2019
8,005,898 $ 20,537 $ 189,235 $ (11,882 ) $ 197,890

	March 28, 2020			December 28, 2019

ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	15,818		$	25,639
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $4,046 at March 28, 2020 and $3,838 at December 28, 2019		104,886			107,841
Unbilled services, net of allowances of $1,422 at March 28, 2020 and $1,503 at December 28, 2019		44,377			36,569
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		12,181			7,277
Forgivable loans		14,177			6,751

Total current assets		191,439			184,077
Property and equipment, net		66,626			61,295
Goodwill		87,827			88,504
Intangible assets, net		6,133			6,476
Right-of-use assets		125,688			130,173
Deferred income taxes		10,622			10,670
Forgivable loans, net of current portion		57,868			48,390
Other assets		4,005			3,658

Total assets	$	550,208		$	533,243



LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	23,668		$	26,069
Accrued expenses		77,714			121,301
Deferred revenue and other liabilities		6,509			6,723
Current portion of lease liabilities		12,432			12,847
Current portion of deferred compensation		1,000			4,470
Revolving line of credit		70,000			—

Total current liabilities		191,323			171,410
Non-current liabilities:
Deferred compensation and other non-current liabilities		15,911			15,071
Facility-related non-current liabilities		2,060			1,956
Non-current portion of lease liabilities		144,079			146,551
Deferred income taxes		475			504

Total non-current liabilities		162,525			164,082
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
Shareholders' equity:
Preferred stock, no par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding		—			—
Common stock, no par value; 25,000,000 shares authorized; 7,756,425 and 7,814,797 shares issued and outstanding at March 28, 2020 and December 28, 2019, respectively		5,871			9,265
Retained earnings		204,679			200,249
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(14,190	)		(11,763	)

Total shareholders' equity		196,360			197,751

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	550,208		$	533,243

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)

(in thousands)

	Fiscal Quarter Ended

	March 28, 2020			March 30, 2019
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	6,468		$	4,665
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		2,943			2,616
Facility-related liabilities		35			35
Right-of-use asset amortization		2,994			2,209
Deferred income taxes		23			21
Share-based compensation expenses		655			911
Accounts receivable allowances		62			48
Unrealized foreign currency remeasurement gains, net		(398	)		—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		1,388			5,742
Unbilled services, net		(8,217	)		(8,666	)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and other assets		(5,327	)		(2,162	)
Forgivable loans		(27,139	)		(16,957	)
Incentive cash awards		1,423			1,214
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities		(39,121	)		(42,489	)
Lease liabilities		(1,164	)		(3,754	)

Net cash used in operating activities		(65,375	)		(56,567	)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of property and equipment		(7,949	)		(774	)

Net cash used in investing activities		(7,949	)		(774	)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Issuance of common stock, principally stock options exercises		151			1,526
Borrowings under revolving line of credit		70,000			39,000
Tax withholding payments reimbursed by shares		(390	)		(388	)
Cash paid on dividend equivalents		(40	)		(35	)
Cash dividends paid to shareholders		(1,796	)		(1,616	)
Repurchase of common stock		(3,810	)		(4,349	)

Net cash provided by financing activities		64,115			34,138
Effect of foreign exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents		(612	)		133

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents		(9,821	)		(23,070	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		25,639			38,028

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	15,818		$	14,958



Noncash investing and financing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment not yet paid for	$	370		$	1,906



Asset retirement obligations	$	155		$	—



Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations	$	—		$	713



Right-of-use assets related to the adoption of ASC 842	$	—		$	82,329



Lease liabilities related to the adoption of ASC 842	$	—		$	106,765



Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid for taxes	$	695		$	298



Cash paid for interest	$	245		$	59



Cash paid for amounts included in operating lease liabilities	$	5,039		$	4,627

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

FOR THE FISCAL QUARTER ENDED MARCH 28, 2020 (unaudited)

(in thousands, except share data)

	Common Stock

	Common Stock									Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
	Shares Issued			Amount			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total Shareholders' Equity
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 28, 2019		7,814,797		$	9,265		$	200,249		$	(11,763	)	$	197,751

Balance at December 29, 2019, as previously reported		7,814,797		$	9,265		$	200,249		$	(11,763	)	$	197,751
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle related to ASC 326		—			—			(203	)		—			(203	)

Balance at December 29, 2019, as adjusted		7,814,797		$	9,265		$	200,046		$	(11,763	)	$	197,548

Net income		—			—			6,468			—			6,468
Foreign currency translation adjustment		—			—			—			(2,427	)		(2,427	)
Exercise of stock options		8,200			151			—			—			151
Share-based compensation expense		—			655			—			—			655
Restricted shares vestings		23,884			—			—			—			—
Redemption of vested employee restricted shares for tax withholding		(7,843	)		(390	)		—			—			(390	)
Shares repurchased		(82,613	)		(3,810	)		—			—			(3,810	)
Accrued dividends on unvested shares		—			—			1			—			1
Cash paid on dividend equivalents		—			—			(40	)		—			(40	)
Cash dividends paid to shareholders ($0.23 per share)		—			—			(1,796	)		—			(1,796	)

BALANCE AT MARCH 28, 2020		7,756,425		$	5,871		$	204,679		$	(14,190	)	$	196,360

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

FOR THE FISCAL QUARTER ENDED MARCH ~~31, 2018~~30, 2019 (unaudited)

(Inin thousands, except ~~share data and per~~ share data)

	Common Stock												CRA International, Inc. Shareholders' Equity								Common Stock

	Common Stock									Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss											Common Stock									Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
	Shares Issued			Amount			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss						CRA International, Inc. Shareholders' Equity		Total Shareholders' Equity			Shares Issued			Amount			Retained Earnings			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total Shareholders' Equity
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 30, 2017		8,297,172		$	47,414		$	169,390		$	(9,896	)	$	206,908				$	207,229



Balance at December 31, 2017, as previously reported		8,297,172		$	47,414		$	169,390		$	(9,896	)		206,908		$	321	$	207,229
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle related to ASC 606		—			—			366			—			366			—		366

Balance at December 31, 2017, as adjusted		8,297,172		$	47,414		$	169,756		$	(9,896	)		207,274		$	321	$	207,595



BALANCE AT DECEMBER 29, 2018																						8,010,480		$	22,837		$	186,229		$	(12,594	)	$	196,472
Net income		—			—			4,886			—			4,886			—		4,886			—			—			4,665			—			4,665
Foreign currency translation adjustment		—			—			—			1,318			1,318			—		1,318			—			—			—			712			712
Exercise of stock options		24,688			535			—			—			535			—		535			64,700			1,526			—			—			1,526
Share-based compensation expense		—			1,292			—			—			1,292			—		1,292			—			911			—			—			911
Restricted shares vestings		97,722			—			—			—			—			—		—			25,484			—			—			—			—
Redemption of vested employee restricted shares for tax withholding		(35,287	)		(1,783	)		—			—			(1,783	)		—		(1,783	)		(8,157	)		(388	)		—			—			(388	)
Shares repurchased		(162,892	)		(8,057	)		—			—			(8,057	)		—		(8,057	)		(86,609	)		(4,349	)		—			—			(4,349	)
Accrued dividends on unvested shares		—			—			10			—			10			—		10			—			—			(8	)		—			(8	)
Cash paid on dividend equivalents		—			—			(98	)		—			(98	)		—		(98	)		—			—			(35	)		—			(35	)
Cash dividends paid to shareholders ($0.17 per share)		—			—			(1,423	)		—			(1,423	)		—		(1,423	)
Cash dividends paid to shareholders ($0.20 per share)																						—			—			(1,616	)		—			(1,616	)

BALANCE AT MARCH 31, 2018		8,221,403		$	39,401		$	173,131		$	(8,578	)	$	203,954		$	321	$	204,275
BALANCE AT MARCH 30, 2019																						8,005,898		$	20,537		$	189,235		$	(11,882	)	$	197,890

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Table of Contents

CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business

CRA International, Inc. ("~~CRA~~CRA" or the "Company") is a worldwide leading consulting services firm that applies advanced analytic techniques and in-depth industry knowledge to complex engagements for a broad range of clients. CRA offers services in two broad areas: litigation, regulatory, and financial consulting and management consulting. CRA operates in one business segment. CRA operates its business under its registered trade name, Charles River Associates.

~~Principles~~Basis of ~~Consolidation~~Presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of CRA International, Inc. and its ~~wholly owned subsidiaries. In addition, for periods prior to December 30, 2018,~~wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively the ~~consolidated financial statements include CRA's interest in GNU123 Liquidating Corporation ("GNU"~~"Company"), ~~formerly known as NeuCo, Inc.). All significant~~which require consolidation after the elimination of intercompany ~~transactions~~accounts and ~~accounts have been eliminated in consolidation.~~

~~Basis of Presentation~~

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the results of operations, financial position, cash flows, and shareholders' equity as of and for the quarters ending March 30, 2019 and March 31, 2018, respectively.transactions. These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, these financial statements do not include all the information and note disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP") for annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature necessary for the fair ~~statement~~presentation of CRA's results of operations, financial position, cash flows, and shareholders' equity for the interim periods presented in conformity with GAAP. Results of operations for the interim periods presented herein are not necessarily indicative of results of operations for a full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December ~~29, 2018~~28, 2019 included in CRA's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February ~~28, 2019~~27, 2020 (the ~~"2018~~"2019 Form 10-K").

~~GNU Interest~~

~~Prior to liquidation of GNU on December 18, 2018, CRA's ownership interest in GNU was 55.89%. For periods~~ Certain prior ~~to December 30, 2018, GNU's financial results~~year amounts have been ~~consolidated with CRA, and the portion of GNU's results allocable~~reclassified to ~~its other owners is shown as "noncontrolling interest." GNU did not contribute~~conform to ~~CRA's~~current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported results of operations, ~~during the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019~~financial position, or ~~March 31, 2018.~~cash flows.

Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make significant estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, as well as the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of consolidated revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates in

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~~1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)~~

these condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services, revenue recognition on fixed price contracts, variable consideration to be included in the transaction price of revenue contracts, depreciation of property and equipment, measurement of operating lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets and liabilities, share-based compensation, valuation of the contingent consideration liability, valuation of acquired intangible assets, impairment of long-lived assets, ~~and~~ goodwill, accrued and deferred income taxes, valuation allowances on deferred tax assets, accrued incentive compensation, and certain other accrued ~~expenses~~expenses. These items are monitored and analyzed by CRA for changes in facts and circumstances, and material changes in these estimates could occur in the future. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. CRA bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that CRA believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from those

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1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

estimates if CRA's assumptions based on past experience or other assumptions do not turn out to be substantially accurate.

Common Stock and Equity

Equity transactions consist primarily of the repurchase by CRA of its common stock under its share repurchase program and the recognition of compensation expense and issuance of common stock under CRA's 2006 Equity Incentive Plan. Under CRA's share repurchase program, the Company repurchases its common stock in open market purchases (including through any Rule 10b5-1 plan adopted by CRA) or in privately negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable insider trading and other securities laws and regulations. The purchase price is first charged against available paid in capital ("PIC"), and once PIC is exhausted, any future purchases will be charged to retained earnings. CRA's common stock has no par value. All shares repurchased have been retired.

Recent Accounting Standards Adopted

Leases (Topic 842)

CRA adopted ~~Accounting Standard Update ("ASU ") No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which established~~ Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 842,Leases ("ASC 842") ~~and~~, which supersedes ASC Topic 840,Leases ("ASC 840"), on December 30, 2018, using the ~~additional~~ modified retrospective transition ~~method provided by ASC 842.~~method. The cumulative effect of the transition adjustments was recognized as of the date of adoption.

CRA elected the package of practical expedients provided by ASC 842, which allowed CRA to forgo reassessing the following upon adoption of the new standard: (1) whether contracts contain leases for any expired or existing contracts, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs for any existing or expired leases. In addition, CRA elected an accounting policy to exclude from the consolidated balance sheets the ~~right-of-use ("ROU")~~ROU assets and lease liabilities related to short-term leases, which are those leases with an initial lease term of twelve months or less that do not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that CRA is reasonably certain to exercise. ~~Refer to Note 10 for further discussion of CRA's lease accounting policy.~~

The reported results for 2019 reflect the application of ASC 842 guidance, whereas comparative periods and their respective disclosures prior to the adoption of ASC 842 are presented using the legacy guidance of ASC 840. As a result of adopting the new standard, CRA recognized ROU assets of $82.3 million and lease liabilities of $106.8 ~~million.~~million on December 30, 2018. The difference between the amount of ROU assets and lease liabilities recognized was an adjustment to deferred rent. There was no ~~adjustment~~change to net deferred ~~taxes~~tax assets as a result of CRA's adoption of ASC 842. The adoption of ASC 842 did not have a material impact on CRA's results of operations or cash flows, nor did it have an impact on any of CRA's existing debt covenants.

Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting

CRA adopted ASU No. 2018-07,Compensation—Stock Compensation: Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting (Topic 718) ("ASU 2018-07") on December 30, 2018.

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~~1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)~~

ASU 2018-07 expands the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. The amendments in this update specify that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor's own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. The amendments also

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1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

clarify that Topic 718 does not apply to share-based payments used effectively to provide financing to the issuer or awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under Topic 606,Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The new guidance requires a remeasurement of nonemployee awards at fair value as of the adoption date. The adoption of ASU 2018-07 did not have a material impact on CRA's financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or disclosures.

~~Recent Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted~~

Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments

~~In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued~~CRA adopted ASU No. 2016-13,Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("~~ASU 2016-13"~~ASC 326")~~. ASU 2016-13~~ on December 29, 2019. ASC 326 replaces the methodology that recognizes impairment of financial instruments when losses have been incurred with a methodology that recognizes impairment of financial instruments when losses are expected. The amendment requires entities to use a forward-looking "expected loss" model for most financial instruments, including accounts receivable, unbilled services, and loans, that is based on historical information, current information, and reasonable and supportable forecasts. ~~For available-for-sale debt securities with unrealized losses, credit losses will be~~

As a result of adopting the new standard, CRA recognized ~~as an allowance rather than as~~a cumulative increase to allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services and a reduction into the ~~amortized cost~~fiscal 2020 opening balance of the debt securities. ASU 2016-13 is effective for CRA for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Adoption of ASU 2016-13 will be applied as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of ~~the beginning of the first reporting period after adoption.~~

~~In November 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-19,~~~~Codification Improvements~~$0.2 million. Comparative periods prior to ~~Topic 326, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses~~ ~~("ASU 2018-19"). ASU 2018-19 changes the required adoption date for nonpublic business entities and clarifies that receivables arising from operating leases are not within the scope of Topic 326.~~

~~CRA has not yet determined the effects, if any, that~~ the adoption of ~~the amendments may~~ASC 326 and their respective disclosures have not been adjusted. The adoption of ASC 326 did not have a material impact on ~~its financial position,~~CRA's results of operations or cash flows ~~or disclosures. CRA plans to adopt~~on the ~~amendments during the first quarter~~date of ~~2020.~~transition.

Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820)

~~In August 2018, the FASB issued~~CRA adopted ASU No. 2018-13,Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU No. 2018-13"). on December 29, 2019. The ASU eliminates, adds, and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements from ASC 820. Entities will no longer be required to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, but public companies will be required to disclose the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair

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~~(Unaudited)~~

~~1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)~~

value measurement. The adoption of the new standard is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Entities are permitted to early adopt either the entire standard or only the provisions that eliminate or modify the requirements. CRA hasdid not ~~yet determined the effects, if any, that the adoption of ASU 2018-13 may~~ have a material impact on ~~its~~CRA's financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or ~~disclosures.~~disclosures on the date of transition.

Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement

~~In August 2018, the FASB issued~~CRA adopted ASU No. 2018-15,Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract ("ASU 2018-15"). on December 29, 2019. ASU 2018-15 clarifies the accounting for implementation costs in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract and aligns the requirements for capitalizing those costs with the capitalization requirements for costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. CRA adopted the ASU using the prospective transition approach, as permitted under the new guidance. The adoption of the new standard did not have a material impact on CRA's financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or disclosures on the date of transition.

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(Unaudited)

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

Recent Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12,Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes ("ASU 2019-12"). ASU 2019-12 simplifies or clarifies accounting for income taxes by changing the following current guidance: accounting for year-to-date losses in interim periods, accounting for tax law changes in interim periods, determining when a deferred tax liability is recognized for foreign subsidiaries that transition to or from being accounted for as equity method investments, application of income tax guidance to franchise taxes that are partially based on income, and making an intra-period allocation in situations where there is a loss in continuing operations and income or gain from other items. ASU 2019-12 also introduces new guidance to evaluate whether a step up in the tax basis of goodwill relates to a business combination or a separate transaction and provides a policy election to not allocate consolidated income taxes when a member of a consolidated tax return is not subject to income tax.

ASU 2019-12 is effective for CRA for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, ~~2019.~~2020. Early adoption is permitted. CRA is ~~currently evaluating~~in the process of determining the effects, if any, the adoption of the ASU ~~2018-15~~ may have on its financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or disclosures. CRA plans to adopt the amendments during the first fiscal quarter of 2021.

2. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

~~ASC Topic 820,~~~~Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,~~ establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement), then priority to quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market (Level 2 measurement), then the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement).

The following tables show CRA's financial instruments as of March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020 and December ~~29, 2018~~28, 2019 that are measured and recorded in the condensed consolidated financial statements at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

	March 30, 2019						March 28, 2020

	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Money market mutual funds	$	148	$	—	$	—	$	150	$	—	$	—

Total Assets	$	148	$	—	$	—	$	150	$	—	$	—



Liabilities:
Contingent consideration liability	$	—	$	—	$	5,980	$	—	$	—	$	12,009

Total Liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	5,980	$	—	$	—	$	12,009

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2. Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Continued)

	December 29, 2018						December 28, 2019

	Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets or Liabilities		Significant Other Observable Inputs		Significant Unobservable Inputs
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets:
Money market mutual funds	$	18,029	$	—	$	—	$	150	$	—	$	—

Total Assets	$	18,029	$	—	$	—	$	150	$	—	$	—



Liabilities:
Contingent consideration liability	$	—	$	—	$	6,197	$	—	$	—	$	11,579

Total Liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	6,197	$	—	$	—	$	11,579

The fair value of CRA's money market mutual fund share holdings is $1.00 per share.

The contingent consideration ~~liabilities~~liability in the ~~tables~~table above ~~are~~is for estimated future contingent consideration payments related to ~~prior acquisitions.~~the acquisition of C1 Consulting, LLC, an independent consulting firm, and its wholly-owned subsidiary C1 Associates (collectively, "C1"). The fair value measurement of ~~these liabilities~~the liability is based on significant inputs not observed in the market and thus ~~represent~~represents a Level 3 measurement. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value ~~measurements~~measurement of ~~these~~the contingent consideration ~~liabilities~~liability are CRA's measures of the estimated payouts based on internally generated ~~financial~~revenue projections, expected volatility of the revenue projections, and discount rates. The fair value of the contingent consideration liability was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation. The fair value of ~~these~~the contingent consideration ~~liabilities are~~liability is reassessed on a quarterly basis by CRA using additional information as it becomes available, and any change in the fair value estimates are recorded in costs of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) on the condensed consolidated ~~income statement~~statements of ~~that period.~~operations. The contingent consideration is required to be paid prior to the end of the second quarter of fiscal 2021.

The following table summarizes the changes in the contingent consideration ~~liabilities~~liability over the fiscal quarter ended March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020 and the fiscal year ended December ~~29, 2018~~28, 2019 (in thousands):

	March 30, 2019			December 29, 2018			March 28, 2020		December 28, 2019

							Fiscal Quarter Ended		Fiscal Year Ended
Beginning balance	$	6,197		$	5,137		$	11,579	$	6,197
Remeasurement of acquisition-related contingent consideration		(499	)		(244	)		155		3,285
Accretion		282			1,304			275		2,097

Ending balance	$	5,980		$	6,197		$	12,009	$	11,579

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(Unaudited)

3. ~~Forgivable Loans~~

~~Forgivable loan activity for the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019 and the fiscal year ended December 29, 2018 is as follows (in thousands):~~

March 30,
2019 December 29,
2018
Beginning balance
$ 40,294 $ 28,628
Advances
21,930 30,572
Repayments
(400 ) (3,396 )
Reclassification to other assets / from accrued expenses
(1,421 ) —
Amortization
(4,274 ) (15,329 )
Effects of foreign currency translation
273 (181 )

Ending balance
$ 56,402 $ 40,294

Current portion of forgivable loans
$ 9,632 $ 6,104

Non-current portion of forgivable loans
$ 46,770 $ 34,190

At March 30, 2019 and December 29, 2018, CRA had other loans to current and former employees included in other assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheet, amounting to $0.3 million and $0.1 million, respectively, net of allowances.

~~4. Goodwill and Intangible Assets~~

~~The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019, is as follows (in thousands):~~

Goodwill,
gross Accumulated
impairment
losses Goodwill,
net
Balance at December 29, 2018
$ 164,625 $ (76,417 ) $ 88,208
Effects of foreign currency translation
300 — 300

Balance at March 30, 2019
$ 164,925 $ (76,417 ) $ 88,508

Intangible assets that are separable from goodwill and have determinable useful lives are valued separately and amortized over their expected useful lives. There were no impairment losses related to intangible assets during the first quarter of fiscal 2019 or during the fiscal year ended December 29, 2018.

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~~(Unaudited)~~

~~4. Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Continued)~~

~~The components of acquired identifiable intangible assets are as follows (in thousands):~~

March 30,
2019 December 29,
2018
Non-competition agreements, net of accumulated amortization of $160 and $544, respectively
$ 164 $ 180
Customer relationships, net of accumulated amortization of $4,781 and $4,454, respectively
7,339 7,666

Total, net of accumulated amortization of $4,941 and $4,998, respectively
$ 7,503 $ 7,846

~~5. Accrued Expenses~~

~~Accrued expenses consist of the following (in thousands):~~

March 30,
2019 December 29,
2018
Compensation and related expenses
$ 55,886 $ 90,711
Income taxes payable
649 514
Other
15,745 17,008

Total
$ 72,280 $ 108,233

As of March 30, 2019 and December 29, 2018, approximately $30.0 million and $73.9 million, respectively, of accrued bonuses were included above in "Compensation and related expenses". Additionally, as of March 30, 2019, "Other" accrued expenses included $9.4 million of commissions due to senior consultants, $0.2 million of direct project accruals, $6.0 million of operating expense accruals and $0.1 million of accrued leasehold improvements. As of December 29, 2018, "Other" accrued expenses consisted principally of $9.6 million of commissions due to senior consultants, $0.7 million of direct project accruals, $6.6 million of operating expense accruals and $0.1 million of accrued leasehold improvements.

~~6. Credit Agreement~~

CRA is party to a credit agreement that provides CRA with a $125.0 million revolving credit facility and a $15.0 million sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit. CRA may use the proceeds of the revolving credit facility to provide working capital and for other general corporate purposes. CRA may repay any borrowings under the revolving credit facility at any time, but no later than October 24, 2022. There were $39.0 million in borrowings outstanding under this revolving credit facility as of March 30, 2019. There were no outstanding borrowings on this facility as of December 29, 2018.

As of March 30, 2019, the amount available under this revolving credit facility was reduced by certain letters of credit outstanding, which amounted to $3.9 million. Under the credit agreement, CRA must comply with various financial and non-financial covenants. Compliance with these financial covenants is tested on a fiscal quarterly basis. As of March 30, 2019 and December 29, 2018, CRA was in compliance with the covenants of its credit agreement.

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~~(Unaudited)~~

7. Revenue Recognition

The contracts CRA ~~offers consulting services in two broad lines: (1)~~enters into and operates under specify whether the engagements are billed on a time-and-materials or a fixed-price basis. Time-and-materials contracts are typically used for litigation, regulatory, and financial ~~consulting;~~consulting projects while fixed-price contracts are principally used for management consulting projects. In general, project costs are classified in costs of services and ~~(2) management consulting. Together, these two service lines comprised all~~are based on the direct salary of CRA's ~~consolidated revenues during~~employee consultants on the ~~fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019.~~engagement plus all direct expenses incurred to complete the engagement, including any amounts billed to CRA by its non-employee experts.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following ~~table disaggregates~~tables disaggregate CRA's revenue by ~~major business line~~type of contract and ~~timing of transfer of its consulting services~~geographic location (in thousands):

	Fiscal Quarter Ended				Fiscal Quarter Ended

Type of Contract	March 30, 2019		March 31, 2018		March 28, 2020		March 30, 2019
Consulting services revenues:
Consulting services revenues
Fixed Price	$	21,386	$	20,714	$	28,988	$	21,386
Time-and-materials		84,463		78,762		97,170		84,463

Total	$	105,849	$	99,476	$	126,158	$	105,849

	Fiscal Quarter Ended				Fiscal Quarter Ended

Geographic Breakdown	March 30, 2019		March 31, 2018		March 28, 2020		March 30, 2019
Consulting services revenues:
Consulting services revenues
United States	$	83,529	$	76,860	$	100,740	$	83,529
United Kingdom		18,507		17,505		19,066		18,507
Other		3,813		5,111		6,352		3,813

Total	$	105,849	$	99,476	$	126,158	$	105,849

Reserves for Variable Consideration and Credit Risk

Revenues from CRA's consulting services are recorded at the net transaction price, which includes estimates of variable consideration for which reserves are established. Variable consideration reserves are based on actual price concessions and those expected to be extended to CRA customers as well as CRA's historical realization rates and are recorded as a component of the allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services. ~~During each~~

CRA's accounts receivable and unbilled services consist of receivables from a broad range of clients in a variety of industries located through the U.S. and other countries. CRA performs a credit evaluation of its clients to minimize its collectability risk. Periodically, CRA will require advance payment from certain clients. However, CRA does not require collateral or other security.

CRA adopted ASC 326 on December 29, 2019, which changed the method CRA estimated reserves related to credit risk. As a result of the ~~fiscal quarters ended March 30, 2019 and March 31, 2019, $1.4 million of adjustments were recorded to these allowances.~~

~~Bad debt expense is reported as~~adoption, CRA recognized a component of selling, general and administrative expense. During the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019, no bad debt expense was reported. During the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2018, $0.3 million of bad debt expense was reported.cumulative-effect

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7.3. Revenue Recognition (Continued)

adjustment of $0.2 million to retained earnings and allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services. Comparative periods and their respective disclosures prior to the adoption of ASC 326 have not been adjusted.

Under ASC 326, CRA maintains allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services for estimated losses resulting from clients' failure to make required payments. CRA estimates these allowances based on historical charge-off rates, adjusted for days of sales outstanding and expected changes to clients' financial conditions during the anticipated collection period. CRA writes off allowances when management determines the balance is uncollectible and all efforts of collection have been exhausted. Bad debt expense, net of recoveries of previously written off allowances, is reported as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses.

Prior to adopting ASC 326 in fiscal 2020, CRA determined allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services for specific customer accounts based on the financial condition of the customer and related facts and circumstances. Expenses associated with these allowances were reported as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses.

Adjustments to the allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services related to reserves for variable consideration are as follows (in thousands):

	Fiscal Quarter Ended

	March 28, 2020		March 30, 2019
Additions to reserves for variable consideration	$	1,414	$	1,443

Adjustments to the allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services related to reserves for credit risk are as follows (in thousands):

	Fiscal Quarter Ended			Fiscal Year Ended

	March 28, 2020			December 28, 2019
Beginning balance	$	370		$	639
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle related to ASC 326		203			—
Bad debt expense		59			173
Amounts written off		(138	)		(442	)

Ending balance	$	494		$	370

Reimbursable Expenses

Revenues also include reimbursements for costs incurred by CRA in fulfilling its performance obligations, including travel and other out-of-pocket expenses, fees for outside consultants and other

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3. Revenue Recognition (Continued)

reimbursable expenses. CRA recovers substantially all of these costs. The following expenses are subject to reimbursement (in thousands):

	Fiscal Quarter Ended				Fiscal Quarter Ended

	March 30, 2019		March 31, 2018		March 28, 2020		March 30, 2019
Reimbursable expenses	$	12,835	$	11,229	$	16,430	$	12,835

~~CRA collects goods and services and value added taxes from customers and records these amounts on a net basis, which is within the scope of ASC Topic 606-10-55,~~~~Principal versus Agent Considerations.~~

~~Transaction Price Allocated to Future Performance Obligations~~

ASC 606 requires that CRA disclose the aggregate amount of transaction price that is allocated to performance obligations that have not yet been satisfied as of March 30, 2019. The guidance provides certain practical expedients that limit this requirement for (1) contracts with an original expected length of one year or less and (2) contracts for which revenue is recognized at the amount to which CRA has the right to invoice for consulting services performed. Given the nature of its business, CRA does not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations as the practical expedients apply to its unsatisfied performance obligations as of March 30, 2019.

Contract Balances from Contracts with Customers

CRA defines contract assets as assets for which it has recorded revenue because it determines that it is probable that it will earn a ~~performance based~~performance-based or contingent fee, but is not yet entitled to receive a fee, because certain events, such as completion of the measurement period or client approval, must occur. ~~These contract assets are included in accounts receivable, net and unbilled services, net within the consolidated balance sheets.~~ The contract assets balance was immaterial as of March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020 and December ~~29, 2018.~~28, 2019.

CRA defines contract liabilities as advance payments from or billings to its clients for services that have not yet been performed or earned and retainers. These liabilities are recorded within deferred revenues and are recognized as services are provided. When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due from a customer prior to transferring consulting services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue after ~~control of the consulting services are transferred to the customer~~performance obligations have been satisfied and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

The following table presents the opening and closing balances of CRA's contract liability (in thousands):

	Contract Liability

	Fiscal Quarter Ended		Fiscal Year Ended
	March 28, 2020		December 28, 2019
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	4,007	$	5,453
Balance at the end of the period	$	3,495	$	4,007

During the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020, CRA recognized the following revenue as a result of changes in the contract liability balance or performance obligations satisfied in previous years (in thousands):

	Fiscal Quarter Ended

	March 28, 2020
Amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the period	$	2,906
Performance obligations satisfied in previous periods	$	3,257

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed receivables, unbilled services and contract liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

~~7. Revenue Recognition (Continued)~~4. Forgivable Loans

~~The following table presents~~Forgivable loan activity for the ~~opening~~fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020 and ~~closing balances of CRA's contract liability~~the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

Contract Liability

Quarter Ended
March 30, 2019 Year Ended
December 29,
2018
Balance at the beginning of the period
$ 5,453 $ 3,287
Balance at the end of the period
$ 3,606 $ 5,453

	Fiscal Quarter Ended			Fiscal Year Ended

	March 28, 2020			December 28, 2019
Beginning balance	$	55,141		$	40,294
Advances		33,442			35,166
Repayments		—			(1,173	)
Reclassification from accrued expenses / to other assets		(9,713	)		(1,734	)
Amortization		(6,285	)		(17,700	)
Effects of foreign currency translation		(540	)		288

Ending balance	$	72,045		$	55,141



Current portion of forgivable loans	$	14,177		$	6,751



Non-current portion of forgivable loans	$	57,868		$	48,390

At March 28, 2020 and December 28, 2019, CRA had no other loans to current or former employees included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.

The principal amount of forgivable loans and accrued interest is forgiven by CRA over the term of the loans, provided that the employee or non-employee expert continues employment or affiliation with CRA and complies with certain contractual requirements. Under ASC 326, CRA maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for amounts not expected to be collected, which is initially assessed when the employee or non-employee fails to comply with contractual requirements or ceases employment or affiliation with CRA. The allowances are determined per specific borrower and are based on their financial condition and related facts and circumstances, including consideration of collateral.

For the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020 and the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019, no allowances for or write-offs of these loans were recorded.

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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

5. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020 and the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019, are as follows (in thousands):


Balance at December 28, 2019
Goodwill	$	164,921
Accumulated goodwill impairment		(76,417	)

Goodwill, net at December 28, 2019		88,504
Foreign currency translation adjustment and other(1)		(677	)

Balance at March 28, 2020
Goodwill		159,720
Accumulated goodwill impairment		(71,893	)

Goodwill, net at March 28, 2020	$	87,827

(1): During the fiscal quarter ended March ~~30, 2019, CRA recognized the following revenue~~28, 2020, goodwill and accumulated goodwill impairment were reduced by $4.5 million as a result of ~~changes in~~ the ~~contract liability balance~~dissolution and final liquidation of GNU123 Liquidating Corporation.

Intangible assets that are separable from goodwill and have determinable useful lives are valued separately and amortized over their expected useful lives. There were no impairment losses related to intangible assets during the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020 or during the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019.

The components of acquired identifiable intangible assets are as follows (in thousands):

Revenue recognized in the period from:
Quarter Ended
March 30,
2019
Amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the period
$ 3,663
Performance obligations satisfied in previous periods
$ 2,412

	March 28, 2020			December 28, 2019

Non-competition agreements	$	324		$	324
Customer relationships		12,120			12,120

Total cost		12,444			12,444
Accumulated amortization		(6,311	)		(5,968	)

Total intangible assets, net	$	6,133		$	6,476

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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

6. Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consist of the following (in thousands):

	March 28, 2020		December 28, 2019

Compensation and related expenses	$	63,462	$	99,993
Income taxes payable		1,879		430
Commissions due to senior consultants		339		9,961
Other professional fees		2,230		2,077
Direct project accruals		3,820		3,201
Accrued leasehold improvements		2,189		2,166
Other		3,795		3,473

Total	$	77,714	$	121,301

As of March 28, 2020 and December 28, 2019, approximately $37.1 million and $81.2 million, respectively, of accrued bonuses for the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020 and the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019 were included above in "Compensation and related expenses."

7. Income Taxes

CRA's effective income tax rates were 29.4% and 23.5% for the fiscal quarters ended March 28, 2020 and March 30, 2019, respectively. The ~~timing~~effective tax rate for the first quarter of ~~revenue recognition, billings~~fiscal 2020 was higher than the prior year primarily due to a decrease in the tax benefit related to the accounting for stock-based compensation, partially offset by a decrease in meals and ~~cash collections results in billed receivables, unbilled services~~entertainment. The effective tax rate for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 was higher than the combined federal and ~~contract liabilities~~state statutory tax rate primarily due to non-deductible items resulting from limitations on the ~~condensed consolidated balance sheets.~~deductibility of compensation paid to executive officers and the deductibility of meals and entertainment. The effective tax rate for the first quarter of fiscal 2019 was lower than the combined federal and state statutory tax rate primarily due to the tax benefit related to the accounting for stock-based compensation, partially offset by non-deductible items resulting from limitations on the deductibility of compensation paid to executive officers and the deductibility of meals and entertainment.

CRA has not provided for deferred income taxes or foreign withholding taxes on undistributed earnings and other basis differences that may exist from its foreign subsidiaries as of March 28, 2020, because such earnings are considered to be indefinitely reinvested. CRA does not rely on these unremitted earnings as a source of funds for its domestic business as it expects to have sufficient cash flow in the U.S. to fund its U.S. operational and strategic needs. If CRA were to repatriate its foreign earnings that are indefinitely reinvested, it would accrue substantially no additional tax expense.

8. Net Income ~~per~~Per Share

CRA calculates basic and diluted earnings per common share using the two-class method. Under the two-class method, net earnings are allocated to each class of common stock and participating security as if all of the net earnings for the period had been distributed. CRA's participating securities consist of unvested share-based payment awards that contain a nonforfeitable right to receive dividends and therefore are considered to participate in undistributed earnings with common shareholders. Basic

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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

8. Net Income Per Share (Continued)

earnings per common share excludes dilution and is calculated by dividing net earnings allocable to common shares by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per common share is calculated by dividing net earnings allocable to common shares by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period, as adjusted for the potential dilutive effect of non-participating share-based awards. Net earnings allocable to ~~these~~ participating securities were not ~~significant~~material for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019~~2020 or the first quarter of fiscal ~~2018.~~2019.

The following table presents a reconciliation from net income to the net income available to common shareholders (in thousands):

	March 30, 2019		March 31, 2018		March 28, 2020		March 30, 2019

					Fiscal Quarter Ended
Net income, as reported	$	4,665	$	4,886	$	6,468	$	4,665
Common stock equivalents:
Less: net income attributable to participating shares		16		29		26		16

Net income available to common shareholders	$	4,649	$	4,857	$	6,442	$	4,649

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~~CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

~~8. Net Income per Share (Continued)~~

The following table presents a reconciliation of basic to diluted weighted average shares of common stock outstanding (in thousands):



Basic weighted average shares outstanding	8,015	8,285	7,805	8,015
Stock options and restricted stock units	331	295
Dilutive stock options and restricted stock units			232	331

Diluted weighted average shares outstanding	8,346	8,580	8,037	8,346

For the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020, the anti-dilutive share-based awards that were excluded from the calculation of common stock equivalents for purposes of computing diluted weighted average shares outstanding amounted to 73,647 shares. For the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019, the anti-dilutive share-based awards that were excluded from the calculation of common stock equivalents for purposes of computing diluted weighted average shares outstanding amounted to 20,078 shares. For the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2018, the anti-dilutive share-based awards that were excluded from the calculation of common stock equivalents for purposes of computing diluted weighted average shares outstanding amounted to 5,689 shares. These share-based awards each period were anti-dilutive because their exercise price exceeded the average market price over the respective period.

9. ~~Income Taxes~~

CRA's effective income tax rates were 23.5% and 17.5% for the first quarters of fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018, respectively. The effective tax rate for the first quarter of fiscal 2019 was higher than the prior year primarily due to a reduced tax benefit related to the accounting for stock-based compensation. The effective tax rate in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 was lower than the combined federal and state statutory tax rate primarily due to the tax benefit related to the accounting for stock-based compensation, partially offset by non-deductible items resulting from limitations on the deductibility of compensation paid to executive officers and the deductibility of meals and entertainment. The effective tax rate in the first quarter of fiscal 2018 was lower than the combined federal and state statutory tax rate primarily due to the tax benefit related to the accounting for stock-based compensation, partially offset by non-deductible items referenced above.

CRA has not provided for deferred income taxes or foreign withholding taxes on undistributed earnings and other basis differences that may exist from its foreign subsidiaries as of March 30, 2019, because such earnings are considered to be indefinitely reinvested. CRA does not rely on these unremitted earnings as a source of funds for its domestic business as it expects to have sufficient cash flow in the U.S. to fund its U.S. operational and strategic needs. If CRA were to repatriate its foreign earnings that are indefinitely reinvested, it would accrue substantially no additional tax expense.

~~10. Leases~~Credit Agreement

CRA is party to a ~~lessee under certain operating leases~~credit agreement that provides CRA with a $125.0 million revolving credit facility and a $15.0 million sublimit for ~~office space and equipment. Prior to adopting ASC 842,~~the issuance of letters of credit. CRA ~~followed~~may use the ~~lease accounting guidance as issued in ASC 840. Under ASC 840, CRA classified its leases as operating or capital leases based on evaluation of certain criteria~~proceeds of the ~~lease agreement. For leases that contained rent escalations or rent holidays,~~revolving credit facility to provide working capital and for other general corporate purposes. CRA ~~recorded~~may repay any borrowings under the ~~total rent expense during the lease term on a straight-line basis over the term~~revolving credit facility at any time, but any borrowings must be repaid no later than October 24, 2022. There were $70.0 million in borrowings outstanding under this revolving credit facility as of ~~the lease and recorded the difference between the rents paid and the straight-line rent expense~~March 28, 2020. There were no outstanding borrowings under this facility as ~~deferred rent on the balance~~of December 28, 2019.

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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

~~10. Leases~~9. Credit Agreement (Continued)

~~sheet. Any tenant improvement allowances received from the lessor were recorded as a reduction to rent expense over the term of the lease.~~

ASC 842, which CRA adopted on December 30, 2018, requires lessees to recognize leases on the balance sheet as a lease liability with a corresponding right-of-use asset ("ROU"), subject to certain permitted accounting policy elections. As a result of adopting the new standard, CRA recognized ROU assets of $82.3 million and lease liabilities of $106.8 million related to its operating leases as of December 30, 2018. The difference between the amount of ROU assets and lease liabilities recognized was an adjustment to eliminate the deferred rent balance, which was a component of ASC 840.

Under ASC 842, CRA determines, at the inception of the contract, whether the contract is or contains a lease based on whether the contract provides CRA the right to control the use of a physically distinct asset or substantially all of the capacity of an asset. Leases with an initial noncancelable term of twelve months or less that do not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that CRA is reasonably certain to exercise are classified as short-term leases. CRA has elected as an accounting policy to exclude from the consolidated balance sheets the ROU assets and lease liabilities related to short-term leases. CRA recognizes rent expense for its operating leases on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

Many of CRA's equipment leases are short-term or cancellable with notice. CRA's office space leases have remaining lease terms between one and approximately twelve years, many of which include one or more options to extend the term for periods of up to five years for each option. Certain leases contain options to terminate the lease early, which may include a penalty for exercising the option. Many of the termination options require notice within a specified period, after which the option is no longer available to CRA if not exercised. The extension options and termination options may be exercised at CRA's sole discretion. CRA does not consider in the measurement of ROU assets and lease liabilities an option to extend or terminate a lease if CRA is not reasonably certain to exercise the option. As of March 30, 2019, CRA has not included any options to extend or terminate in its measurement of ROU assets or lease liabilities.

Certain of CRA's leases include covenants that oblige CRA, at its sole expense, to repair and maintain the leased asset periodically during the lease term. CRA is not a party to any leases that contain residual value guarantees nor is CRA a party to any leases that provide an option to purchase the underlying asset.

Many of CRA's office space leases include fixed and variable payments. Variable payments relate to real estate taxes, insurance, operating expenses, and common area maintenance, which are usually billed at actual amounts incurred proportionate to CRA's rented square feet of the building. Variable payments that do not depend on an index or rate are expensed by CRA as they are incurred and are not included in the measurement of the lease liability.

Many of CRA's leases contain both lease and non-lease components. Fixed and variable payments are allocated to each component relative to observable or estimated standalone prices. CRA measures its variable lease costs as the portion of variable payments that are allocated to lease components.

~~CRA measures its lease liability for each leased asset as the present value of lease payments, as defined in ASC 842, allocated to the lease component, discounted using an incremental borrowing rate~~

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~~CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

~~10. Leases (Continued)~~

specific to the underlying asset. CRA's ROU assets are equal to the lease liability, adjusted for lease incentives received, including tenant improvement allowances, and payments made to the lessor prior to the lease commencement date. CRA estimates its incremental borrowing rate for each leased asset based on the interest rate CRA would incur to borrow an amount equal to the lease payments on a collateralized basis over a similar term in a similar economic environment.

~~The components of CRA's lease expenses for the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019, which are included in the condensed consolidated income statement, are as follows (in thousands):~~

March 30,
2019
Operating lease cost
$ 3,211
Short-term lease cost
108
Variable lease cost
936

Total lease cost
$ 4,255

~~Supplemental cash flow information related to CRA's leases for the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):~~

March 30,
2019
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities

Operating cash flows from operating leases
$ 4,627
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations

Operating leases
$ 713

~~The following table presents supplemental balance sheet information related to CRA's operating leases as of March 30, 2019 (in thousands):~~

March 30,
2019
Assets:

Operating lease right-of-use assets
$ 81,480
Liabilities:

Current portion of lease liabilities
$ 9,558
Non-current portion of lease liabilities
94,939

Total operating lease liabilities
$ 104,497

Weighted average remaining lease term—operating leases

9.0 years
Weighted average discount rate—operating leases
3.7 %

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~~CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

~~10. Leases (Continued)~~

~~At March 30, 2019, CRA had the following maturities of lease liabilities related to office space and equipment, all of which are under non-cancellable operating leases (in thousands):~~

Fiscal Year
Operating
Lease
Commitments
2019 (excluding the three months ended March 30, 2019)
10,988
2020
14,083
2021
14,028
2022
14,070
2023
14,178
Thereafter
55,320

Total lease payments
122,667
Less: imputed interest
(18,170 )

Total
104,497

As of March ~~30,~~28, 2020, the amount available under this revolving credit facility was reduced by certain letters of credit outstanding, which amounted to $4.4 million. Under the credit agreement, CRA must comply with various financial and non-financial covenants. Compliance with these financial covenants is tested on a fiscal quarterly basis. As of March 28, 2020 and December 28, 2019, CRA ~~had additional operating leases for office space that have not yet commenced that have minimum rental commitments~~was in compliance with the covenants of ~~$52.7 million. These operating leases will commence in fiscal year 2019 and have lease terms of approximately five years to eleven years, which exclude certain options to extend these leases.~~its credit agreement.

~~11.~~10. Contingencies

CRA is subject to legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In management's opinion, based on current knowledge, CRA has adequate legal defenses and/or insurance coverage with respect to the eventuality of such actions. CRA does not believe any settlement or judgment relating to any pending legal action would materially affect its financial position or results of operations. However, the outcome of such legal actions is inherently unpredictable and subject to inherent uncertainties.

~~12. Correction~~

~~During~~ While CRA has not experienced a material adverse impact to its business, financial condition or results of operations from the COVID-19 pandemic to date, there is uncertainty about client demand for the Company's services, the worldwide economy and consequently, the financial results for the current quarter may not be indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal ~~2018, CRA determined that~~year. The timing of ongoing projects and new project originations may be delayed or otherwise disrupted due to the ~~accounts receivable allowances presented on~~length and severity of current business closures and other restrictions implemented in response to COVID-19, which may impact the ~~December 30, 2017 consolidated balance sheet required adjustment. This adjustment in disclosure is immaterial~~timing and ~~had no effect on the~~ amount of ~~accounts receivable presented~~future revenues. The magnitude of any impact on CRA's business and its duration is uncertain and cannot currently be reasonably estimated at this time. CRA is not aware of any specific events or circumstances that would require an update to its estimates or adjustments to the ~~December~~carrying value of its assets and liabilities as of April 30, ~~2017 consolidated balance sheet. As a result~~2020, the issuance date of the adjustment, a classification change was required within the operating activities portion of the consolidated statement of cash flows. As of December 29, 2018, these adjustments were corrected and the accounts receivable and accounts receivable allowances were properly presented within the consolidated financial statements. Since the correction was discovered in the second quarter of fiscal 2018, the consolidated statement of cash flows for the first quarter of fiscal 2018 requires adjustment. These adjustments are immaterial and have no effectthis Quarterly Report on ~~the net cash used in operating activities.~~

~~Table of Contents~~Form 10-Q.

~~CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.~~

~~NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)~~

~~(Unaudited)~~

~~12. Correction (Continued)~~

~~The following table presents the total classification changes required related to these adjustments (in thousands):~~

For the quarter ended
March 31, 2018

As previously
reported As revised
Accounts receivable allowances
$ 174 $ 452
Accounts receivable
$ 3,435 $ 2,958
Unbilled services
$ (8,871 ) $ (8,672 )
Net cash used in operating activities
$ (40,539 ) $ (40,539 )

~~13.~~11. Subsequent Events

On ~~May 2, 2019,~~April 30, 2020, CRA announced that its Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of ~~$0.20~~$0.23 per common share, payable on June ~~14, 2019~~12, 2020 to shareholders of record as of May ~~28, 2019.~~

During the month of April 2019, CRA made borrowings of $6.0 million in the U.S. on its existing revolving line of credit to fund operations. These borrowings are expected to be repaid over the next twelve months.26, 2020.

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ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

Except for historical facts, the statements in this quarterly report are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are merely our current predictions of future events. These statements are inherently uncertain, and actual events could differ materially from our predictions. Important factors that could cause actual events to vary from our predictions include those discussed below under the heading "Risk Factors." We assume no obligation to update our forward-looking statements to reflect new information or developments. We urge readers to review carefully the risk factors described in the other documents that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. You can read these documents at www.sec.gov.

�� Our principal Internet address is www.crai.com. Our website provides a link to a third-party website through which our annual, quarterly, and current reports, and amendments to those reports, are available free of charge. We believe these reports are made available as soon as reasonably practicable after we file them electronically with, or furnish them to, the SEC. We do not maintain or provide any information directly to the third-party website, and we do not check its accuracy.

Our website also includes information about our corporate governance practices. The Investor Relations page of our website provides a link to a web page where you can obtain a copy of our code of business conduct and ethics applicable to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, and principal accounting officer.

COVID-19 Assessment

While the COVID-19 pandemic did not materially adversely affect the Company's financial results and business operations in the Company's first fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic may pose significant risks to our business. It is too early to quantify the impact, if any, this situation will have on revenue for the remainder of our fiscal year ended January 2, 2021 or beyond, but the public health actions being undertaken to reduce the spread of the virus may create significant disruptions with respect to the demand for our services and impact our ability to conduct business activities in the ordinary course for an indefinite period. Since March 16, 2020, when we implemented our stay-at-home policy and successfully transitioned to a virtual work environment, we have been closely monitoring the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts and potential impacts on our business. However, because developments with respect to the spread of COVID-19 and its impacts have been occurring so rapidly and because of the unprecedented nature of the pandemic, we are unable to predict the extent of any adverse financial impact of COVID-19 on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Due to the above circumstances and as described generally in this Form 10-Q, the Company's results of operations for the three-month period ended March 28, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year.

As of March 28, 2020, our cash and cash equivalents, were $15.9 million, and we had access to $50.6 million of borrowing capacity under our $125.0 million revolving credit facility, which when combined with our ongoing operating cash flows, will help us manage the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business and address related liquidity needs.

Please see "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for an additional discussion of risks and potential risks of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Estimates

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally acceptedOur critical accounting ~~principles in~~policies involving the ~~U.S. ("U.S. GAAP"). The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make~~more significant estimates and judgments ~~that affect~~used in the ~~reported amounts~~preparation of ~~assets and liabilities, as well as the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the~~our financial statements ~~and the reported amounts~~as of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates in these condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services, revenue recognition on fixed price contracts, variable consideration to be included in the transaction price of revenue contracts, depreciation of property and equipment, measurement of operating lease right-of-use assets and liabilities, share-based compensation, valuation of contingent consideration liabilities, valuation of acquired intangible assets, impairment of long lived assets and goodwill, accrued and deferred income taxes, valuation allowances on deferred tax assets, accrued compensation, and certain other accrued expenses. These items are monitored and analyzed by management for changes in facts and circumstances, and material changes in these estimates could occur in the future. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differMarch 28, 2020 remain unchanged from ~~our estimates if our assumptions based on past experience or our other assumptions do not turn out to be substantially accurate.~~December 28,

We have described our significant accounting policies in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included in the 2018 Form 10-K. We have reviewed our accounting policies, identifying those that we believe to be critical to the preparation and understanding of our consolidated financial statements in the list set forth below. See the disclosure under the heading "Critical Accounting Policies" in Item 7 of Part II of the 2018 Form 10-K for a detailed description of these policies and their potential effects on our results of operations and financial condition.

•: ~~Revenue recognition and accounts receivable allowances~~

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•: ~~Deferred compensation~~
•: ~~Valuation~~
2019. Please refer to Part II, Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of ~~contingent consideration liability~~
•: ~~Valuation~~Financial Condition and Results of ~~goodwill and other intangible assets~~
•: ~~Accounting for income taxes~~

~~Except~~Operations" of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the ~~adoption of ASC 842~~fiscal year ended December 28, 2019, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 27, 2020, for details on these critical accounting policies. Except as ~~described~~noted below, ~~we did not adopt any~~there have been no material changes into these critical accounting policies and significant estimates during the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019 that had a material effect on these critical accounting policies, nor did we make any changes to our accounting policies in the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019 that changed these critical accounting policies.

~~Leases~~

~~We adopted ASU No. 2016-02,~~~~Leases (Topic 842) (~~ASC 842) on December 30, 2018, using the additional modified retrospective transition method provided by ASC 842. The reported results for 2019 reflect the application of ASC 842 guidance while the reported results for 2018 were prepared under the guidance of ASC 840,~~Leases~~ (ASC 840). As a result of adopting the new standard, we recognized ROU assets of $82.3 million and lease liabilities of $106.8 million, of which $9.6 million is classified as a current liability, as of December 30, 2018. The difference between the amount of ROU assets and lease liabilities recognized was an adjustment to deferred rent. Prior periods will not be retrospectively adjusted. See Note 10 to our consolidated condensed financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for a complete description of our accounting policy.28, 2020.

Recent Accounting Standards

~~See Note 1~~Please refer to ~~our condensed consolidated financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for a discussion of recent accounting standards that we have not yet adopted under~~ the ~~heading~~sections captioned "Recent Accounting Standards Adopted" and "Recent Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted". included in Note 1, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" in Part I, Item I, "Financial Statements" of this report.

Results of Operations—For the Fiscal Quarter Ended March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020, Compared to the Fiscal Quarter Ended March ~~31, 2018~~30, 2019

The following table provides operating information as a percentage of revenues for the periods indicated:

	Fiscal Quarter Ended						Fiscal Quarter Ended

	March 30, 2019			March 31, 2018			March 28, 2020			March 30, 2019
Revenues		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%		100.0	%
Costs of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		69.6			69.8			72.1			69.6
Selling, general and administrative expenses		21.5			21.8			19.1			21.5
Depreciation and amortization		2.5			2.2			2.3			2.5

Income from operations		6.5			6.2			6.4			6.5
Other expense, net		(0.7	)		(0.3	)
Interest expense, net								(0.3	)		—
Foreign currency gains (losses), net								1.1			(0.7	)

Income before provision for income taxes		5.8			6.0			7.3			5.8
Provision for income taxes		1.4			1.0			2.1			1.4

Net income		4.4	%		4.9	%		5.1	%		4.4	%

Fiscal Quarter Ended March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020, Compared to the Fiscal Quarter Ended March ~~31, 2018~~30, 2019

Revenues. Revenues increased by ~~$6.3~~$20.4 million, or ~~6.3%~~19.2%, to $126.2 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from $105.8 million for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019 from $99.5 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2018.~~2019. The increase in net revenue was a

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result of an increase in gross revenues of ~~$7.9~~$19.7 million as compared to the first quarter of fiscal ~~2018, while~~2019, and a decrease in write-offs and reserves ~~increased by $1.6~~of $0.7 million compared to the first quarter of ~~2018.~~fiscal 2019. Utilization ~~increased~~decreased to 71% for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from 75% for the first quarter of fiscal 2019, ~~from 73% for the first quarter of fiscal 2018,~~ while consultant headcount grew ~~6.2%~~16.3% from ~~647 at the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2018 to~~ 687 at the end of the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019. Client service hours increased by 11.0% for~~2019 to 799 at the end of the first quarter ~~2019 when compared to the first quarter 2018.~~of fiscal 2020. Included in revenues are the effect of changes in currency exchange rates resulting in a decrease to revenue of $0.4 million for the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020, and a decrease of $1.5 million for the fiscal quarter ended March 30, ~~2019, and an increase of $2.2 million for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2018.~~2019.

Overall, revenues outside of the U.S. represented approximately 20% and 21% of total revenues for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 and fiscal 2019, ~~compared with approximately~~respectively. Revenues derived from fixed-price engagements increased to 23% of total revenues for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2018. Revenues derived from fixed-price engagements decreased to~~2020 compared with 20% of total revenues for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019 compared with 21% of total revenues for the first quarter of fiscal 2018.~~2019. These percentages of revenue derived from fixed-price engagements depend largely on the proportion of our revenues derived from our management consulting business, which typically has a higher concentration of fixed-price service contracts.

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Costs of Services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization). Costs of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) increased by ~~$4.2~~$17.4 million, or ~~6.1%~~23.6%, to $91.0 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from $73.6 million for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019 from $69.4 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2018.~~2019. The increase in costs of services was due primarily to an increase of ~~$1.8~~$4.9 million in employee compensation and fringe benefit costs attributable to ~~salaries and benefits associated with~~ our increased ~~consulting~~consultant headcount, an increase in incentive and retention compensation costs of $6.3 million, an increase in forgivable loan and incentive awards amortization of ~~$1.4~~$0.9 million, ~~offset by a decrease in stock compensation of $0.4 million and a decrease~~an increase in expense related to the net change in contingent consideration valuation of ~~$0.2~~$0.6 million and an increase in other compensation of $1.3 million. Additionally, client reimbursable expenses increased by ~~$1.6~~$3.6 million in the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019~~2020 compared to the first quarter of fiscal ~~2018.~~2019. These increased expenses were partially offset by a decrease in stock compensation of $0.2 million. As a percentage of revenues, costs of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) ~~decreased~~increased to 72.1% for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from 69.6% for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019 from 69.8% for the first quarter of fiscal 2018.~~2019.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by ~~$1.0~~$1.4 million, or ~~4.6%~~6.1%, to $24.1 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from $22.7 million for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019 from $21.7~~2019. Within this category of expenses, there was a $0.2 million increase in employee compensation and fringe benefit costs and a $2.0 million increase in rent expense primarily due to additional space in our Boston and Oakland offices for the first quarter of fiscal 2018. A contributor to this increase was a $0.4 million increase in employee and incentive compensation, a $0.9 million increase in other operating expenses, and a $0.3 million increase in commissions to our nonemployee experts for the first quarter of fiscal 20192020 as compared to the first quarter of fiscal ~~2018, as~~2019. Partially offsetting these increased expenses was a ~~higher percentage of our revenue for the quarter was sourced by our nonemployee experts, offset by a $0.7~~$0.3 million decrease in ~~rent expense~~other operating expenses primarily due ~~primarily~~ to a ~~$0.6~~decrease in legal and other professional fees and a $0.5 million ~~lease recapture charge~~decrease in ~~the first quarter of fiscal 2018.~~commissions to our nonemployee experts.

As a percentage of revenues, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased ~~slightly~~ to 19.1% for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from 21.5% for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019 from 21.8%~~2019. Commissions to our nonemployee experts decreased to 2.2% of revenues for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2018. Commissions to our nonemployee experts increased slightly~~2020 compared to 3.2% of revenues for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019 compared to 3.0% of revenues for the first quarter of fiscal 2018.~~2019.

Provision for Income Taxes. The income tax provision was ~~$1.4~~$2.7 million and the effective tax rate was 29.4% for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 compared to $1.4 million and 23.5% for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019 compared to $1.0 million and 17.5% for the first quarter of fiscal 2018.~~2019. The effective tax rate for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019~~2020 was higher than the prior year primarily due to a ~~reduced~~decrease in the tax benefit related to the accounting for stock-based ~~compensation.~~compensation, partially offset by a decrease in meals and entertainment. The effective tax rate infor the first quarter of fiscal 2020 was higher than the combined federal and state statutory tax rate primarily due to non-deductible items resulting from limitations on the deductibility of compensation paid to executive officers and the deductibility of meals and entertainment. The effective tax rate for the first quarter of fiscal 2019 was lower than the combined federal and state statutory tax rate primarily due to the tax benefit related to the accounting for stock-based compensation, partially offset by non-deductible items resulting from limitations on the deductibility of compensation paid to executive officers and the deductibility of meals and entertainment. ~~The effective tax rate in the first quarter of fiscal 2018 was lower than the combined federal and state statutory tax~~

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~~rate primarily due to the tax benefit related to the accounting for stock-based compensation, partially offset by non-deductible items referenced above.~~

Net Income. Net income ~~decreased~~increased by ~~$0.2~~$1.8 million to $6.5 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from $4.7 million for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019 from $4.9 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2018.~~2019. The net income per diluted share was ~~$0.56~~$0.80 per share for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019,~~2020, compared to ~~$0.57~~$0.56 of net income per diluted share for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2018.~~2019. Weighted average diluted shares outstanding decreased by approximately ~~234,000~~309,000 shares to approximately 8,037,000 shares for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from approximately 8,346,000 shares for the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019 from approximately 8,580,000 shares for the first quarter of fiscal 2018.~~2019. The decrease in weighted average diluted shares outstanding was primarily due to the repurchase of shares of our common stock since the ~~first fiscal~~ quarter ~~of fiscal 2018,~~period ended March 30, 2019, offset in part by the issuance or vesting of shares of restricted stock and time-vesting restricted stock units, and the exercise of stock options, since the first quarter of fiscal ~~2018.~~2019.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

We believe that our current cash, cash equivalents, cash generated from operations, and amounts available under our ~~bank~~ revolving ~~line of~~ credit facility will be sufficient to meet our anticipated working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months.

General. During the fiscal quarter ended March ~~30, 2019,~~28, 2020, cash and cash equivalents decreased by ~~$23.1~~$9.8 million. We completed the period with cash and cash equivalents of ~~$15.0 million and working capital (defined as current assets less current liabilities) of $17.3~~$15.8 million. The principal drivers of the reduction of cash were ~~payment~~payments of a significant portion of our fiscal ~~2018~~2019 performance bonuses, in the ~~first quarter~~funding of ~~2019,~~forgivable loans, the repurchase of shares, and capital expenditures related to the ~~funding~~buildout of the expanded New York and Toronto office space, as well as the Oakland office space, offset by net borrowings of $70.0 million under our revolving credit facility.

During the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020, working capital (defined as current assets less current liabilities) decreased by $12.6 million to $0.1 million. In addition to the reduction in cash balances noted above, the reduction in working capital is due to the $70.0 million of borrowings during the quarter, a portion of the proceeds from which were used to fund forgivable ~~loans.~~loan issuances and leasehold improvements, much of which are classified as non-current assets.

Of the total cash and cash equivalents held at March ~~30, 2019, $4.6~~28, 2020, $7.1 million was held within the U.S. We have sufficient sources of liquidity in the U.S., including cash from operations and availability onunder our revolving ~~line of~~ credit facility, to fund U.S. ~~activities. At March 30, 2019, we had outstanding borrowings on the revolving line of credit of $39.0 million, which is expected to be paid within~~activities for the next ~~twelve~~12 months.

Sources and Uses of Cash. During the fiscal quarter ended March ~~30, 2019,~~28, 2020, net cash used in operating activities was ~~$56.6~~$65.4 million. Net income was ~~$4.7~~$6.5 million for the fiscal quarter ended March ~~30, 2019.~~28, 2020. The primary factor in cash used in operations was ~~the~~a decrease in the ~~"accounts~~accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other ~~liabilities" line item~~liabilities of ~~our consolidated statement of cash flows of $42.5 million due to the payment of a significant portion of our fiscal 2018 performance bonuses during the first quarter of fiscal 2019.~~$39.1 million. Other uses of cash included an increase of ~~$8.7~~$8.2 million in unbilled receivables, ~~and~~ a ~~$2.2~~$5.3 million increase in prepaid expenses and other current ~~assets.~~assets, $0.4 million unrealized foreign currency exchange gains, net, and a $1.2 million decrease in lease liabilities. The change in forgivable loans for the period of ~~$17.0~~$27.1 million was primarily driven by ~~$21.3~~$33.4 million of forgivable loan issuances, net of repayments, offset by ~~$4.3~~$6.3 million of forgivable loan amortization. Offsetting these uses of cash was a ~~$5.7~~$1.4 million decrease in accounts receivable, ~~net.~~net, as well as a decrease in incentive cash awards expense of $1.4 million. Cash provided by operations included non-cash ~~items including~~ depreciation and amortization expense of ~~$2.6~~$2.9 million, ~~and~~ share-based compensation expenses of ~~$0.9 million.~~$0.7 million, and $3.0 million in ROU asset amortization.

During the fiscal quarter ended March ~~30, 2019,~~28, 2020, net cash used in investing activities was ~~$0.8~~$7.9 million for capital ~~expenditures.~~expenditures primarily related to the buildout of the New York, Toronto, and Oakland office space.

~~Net~~During the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020, net cash provided by financing activities ~~during the first quarter of fiscal 2019~~ was ~~$34.1~~$64.1 million, primarily as a result of borrowings under the ~~line~~revolving credit facility of ~~credit of $39.0~~$70.0 million, and ~~$1.5~~$0.2 million received upon the issuance of shares of common stock related to the exercise of stock options. Offsetting these increases in cash were the tax withholding payments reimbursed by restricted shares of $0.4 million, payment of ~~$1.6~~$1.8 million of cash dividends to shareholders, and ~~$4.3~~$3.8 million of repurchases of common stock.

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Indebtedness

We are party to a credit agreement that provides us with a $125.0 million revolving credit facility and a $15.0 million sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit. We may use the proceeds of the revolving credit facility to provide working capital and for other general corporate purposes. Generally, we may repay any borrowings under the revolving credit facility at any time, but we must repay ~~all~~any outstanding borrowings no later than October 24, 2022. There was ~~$39.0~~$70.0 million in outstanding borrowings under this revolving ~~line of~~ credit facility as of March ~~30, 2019.~~28, 2020.

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The amount available under this revolving ~~line of~~ credit facility is reduced by certain letters of credit outstanding, which amounted to ~~$3.9~~$4.4 million as of March ~~30, 2019.~~28, 2020. Borrowings under the revolving credit facility bear interest at a rate per annum, at our election, of either (i) the adjusted base rate, as defined in the credit agreement, plus an applicable margin, which varies between 0.25% and 1.25% depending on our total leverage ratio as determined under the credit agreement, or (ii) the adjusted eurocurrency rate, as defined in the credit agreement, plus an applicable margin, which varies between 1.25% and 2.25% depending on our total leverage ratio. We are required to pay a fee on the unused portion of the revolving credit facility at a rate per annum that varies between 0.20% and 0.35% depending on our total leverage ratio. Borrowings under the revolving credit facility are secured by 100% of the stock of certain of our U.S. subsidiaries and 65% of the stock of certain of our foreign subsidiaries, which represent approximately ~~$29.7~~$32.9 million in net assets as of March ~~30, 2019.~~28, 2020.

Under the credit agreement, we must comply with various financial and non-financial covenants. Compliance with these financial covenants is tested on a fiscal quarterly basis. Any indebtedness outstanding under the revolving credit facility may become immediately due and payable upon the occurrence of stated events of default, including our failure to pay principal, interest or fees or a violation of any financial covenant. The financial covenants require us to maintain an adjusted consolidated EBITDA to consolidated interest expense ratio of more than 2.5:1.0 and to comply with a consolidated debt to adjusted consolidated EBITDA ratio of not more than 3.0:1.0. The non-financial covenant restrictions of the ~~senior~~ credit agreement include, but are not limited to, our ability to incur additional indebtedness, engage in acquisitions or dispositions, and enter into business combinations.

Forgivable Loans and Term Loans

In order to attract and retain highly skilled professionals, we may issue forgivable loans or term loans to employees and non-employee experts. A portion of these loans is collateralized by key person life insurance. The forgivable loans have terms that are generally between ~~three~~two and eight years. The principal amount of forgivable loans and accrued interest is forgiven by us over the term of the loans, so long as the employee or non-employee expert continues employment or affiliation with us and complies with certain contractual requirements. The expense associated with the forgiveness of the principal amount of the loans is recorded as compensation expense over the service period, which is consistent with the term of the loans.

Compensation Arrangements

We have entered into compensation arrangements for the payment of incentive performance awards to certain of our employees and non-employee experts if specific performance targets are met. The amounts of the awards to be paid under these compensation arrangements could fluctuate depending on future performance through the respective measurement periods. Increases in estimated awards are expensed prospectively over the remaining service period. Decreases in estimated awards are recorded in the period incurred. We believe that we will have sufficient funds to satisfy any obligations related to the incentive performance awards. We expect to fund these payments, if any, from existing cash resources, cash generated from operations, or borrowings on our ~~existing~~ revolving credit facility.

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Business and Talent Acquisitions

As part of our business, we regularly evaluate opportunities to acquire other consulting firms, practices or groups or other businesses. In recent years, we have typically paid for acquisitions with cash, or a combination of cash and our common stock, and we may continue to do so in the future. To pay for an acquisition, we may use cash on hand, cash generated from our operations, borrowings under our revolving credit facility, or we may pursue other forms of financing. Our ability to secure short-term and long-term debt or equity financing in the future will depend on several factors,

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including our future profitability, the levels of our debt and equity, restrictions under our ~~existing~~ revolving ~~line of~~ credit ~~with our bank,~~facility, and the overall credit and equity market environments.

Share Repurchases

In February ~~2018 and February 2019,~~2020, our Board of Directors authorized ~~expansions~~an expansion to our existing share repurchase program, ~~each~~ authorizing the purchase of an additional $20.0 million of our common stock. We may repurchase shares under this program in open market purchases (including through any Rule 10b5-1 plan adopted by us) or in privately negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable insider trading and other securities laws and regulations. During the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020, we repurchased and retired 82,613 shares, under our share repurchase program at an average price per share of $46.15. During the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019, we repurchased and retired 86,609 shares, under our share repurchase program at an average price per share of $50.25. ~~During the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2018, we repurchased and retired 162,892 shares under our share repurchase program at an average price per share of $51.13.~~ As of March ~~30, 2019,~~28, 2020, we had approximately ~~$17.2~~$19.7 million available for future repurchases under our share repurchase program. We plan to finance future repurchases with available cash, cash from future operations and funds from our ~~existing~~ revolving credit facility. ~~We expect to continue to repurchase shares under our share repurchase program.~~

Dividends to Shareholders

We anticipate paying regular quarterly dividends each year. These dividends are anticipated to be funded through cash flow from operations, available cash on hand, and/or borrowings under our revolving credit facility. Although we anticipate paying regular quarterly dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future, the declaration of any future dividends is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors. During the fiscal quarters ended March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020 and March ~~31, 2018,~~30, 2019, we paid dividends and dividend equivalents of ~~$1.7~~$1.8 million and ~~$1.5~~$1.7 million, respectively, to our shareholders.

Impact of Inflation

To date, inflation has not had a material impact on our financial results. There can be no assurance, however, that inflation will not adversely affect our financial results in the future.

Future Capital and Liquidity Needs

We anticipate that our future capital and liquidity needs will principally consist of funds required for:

•: operating and general corporate expenses relating to the operation of our business, including the compensation of our employees under various annual bonus or long-term incentive compensation programs;

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•: the hiring of individuals to replenish and expand our employee base;
•: capital expenditures, primarily for information technology equipment, office furniture and leasehold improvements;
•: debt service and repayments, including interest payments on borrowings ~~from~~under our revolving credit facility;
•: share ~~repurchases;~~repurchases, under programs that we may have in effect from time to time;
•: dividends to shareholders;
•: potential acquisitions of businesses that would allow us to diversify or expand our service offerings;
•: contingent obligations related to our acquisitions; and

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•: other known future contractual obligations.

The hiring of individuals to replenish and expand our employee base is an essential part of our business operations and has historically been funded principally from ~~operations and short-term borrowings.~~operations. Many of the other above activities are discretionary in nature. For example, capital expenditures can be deferred, acquisitions can be forgone, and share repurchase programs and regular dividends can be suspended. As such, our operating model provides flexibility with respect to the deployment of cash flow from operations. Given this flexibility, we believe that our cash flows from operations, supplemented by cash on hand and borrowings under our ~~bank~~revolving credit facility (as necessary), will provide adequate cash to fund our long-term cash needs from normal operations for at least the next twelve months.

Our conclusion that we will be able to fund our cash requirements by using existing capital resources and cash generated from operations does not take into account the impact of any future acquisition transactions or any unexpected significant changes in the number of employees or other expenditures that are currently not contemplated. The anticipated cash needs of our business could change significantly if we pursue and complete additional business acquisitions, if our business plans change, if economic conditions change from those currently prevailing or from those now anticipated (including in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic), or if other unexpected circumstances arise that have a material effect on the cash flow or profitability of our business. Any of these events or circumstances, including any new business opportunities or the length and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, could involve or result in significant additional funding needs in excess of the identified currently available sources and could require us to raise additional debt or equity funding to meet those needs on terms that may be less favorable compared to our current sources of capital. Our ability to raise additional capital over the next 12 months, if necessary, is subject to a variety of factors that we cannot predict with certainty, including:

•: our future profitability;
•: the quality of our accounts receivable;
•: our relative levels of debt and equity;
•: the volatility and overall condition of the capital markets; and
•: the market prices of our securities.

Factors Affecting Future Performance

Important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements we make in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as a description of material risks we face, are set forth below under the heading "Risk Factors" and included in Part I—Item 1A "Risk Factors" of the ~~2018~~2019 Form 10-K. If any of these risks, or any risks not presently known to us or that we currently believe are

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not significant, develops into an actual event, then our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.

ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

For information regarding our exposure to certain market risks see "Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk," in the ~~2018~~2019 Form 10-K. Additionally, please see "ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations: COVID-19 Assessment" in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for an additional discussion on the COVID-19 pandemic and the potential impact it may have on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. This is done in order to ensure that information we are required to disclose in the reports that are filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Based upon that evaluation, our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of March ~~30, 2019,~~28, 2020, due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting related to the inadequate design or execution of internal controls over: 1) our incentive-based compensation liabilities, as it relates to our internal controls over the review of the completeness and accuracy ~~of: 1) our contingent consideration and incentive-based compensation liabilities, including our internal controls over revenue forecasts and certain other assumptions used in~~of key inputs into the computation of these liabilities; 2) certain aspects of accounting for revenue and related ~~reserves;~~accounts; and 3) the completeness of certain accounts payable and expense ~~accruals; and 4) the evaluation of certain technical tax matters~~accruals described in Item 9A of the ~~2018~~2019 Form 10-K.

Notwithstanding these material weaknesses, management has concluded that the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q present fairly, in all material aspects, our financial position at the end of, and the results of operations and cash flows for, the periods presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

Evaluation of Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated whether there were any changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019.~~2020, including any changes related to COVID-19 and the transition to our remote working environment. Except for the ongoing remediation of the material weaknesses in internal controls over financial reporting noted above pursuant to the plan described in Item 9A of the ~~2018~~2019 Form 10-K, ~~and the implementation of ASC 842 as described below,~~ there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the above evaluation that occurred during the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019, except those disclosed below,~~2020, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

~~On December 30, 2018, we implemented ASC 842,~~~~Leases~~. The new lease accounting standard has a material impact on our financial position and related disclosures; consequently, we have implemented changes to our processes related to the identification of and accounting for leases and the control activities related thereto. These changes included developing new accounting and operational policies, providing internal training, refining ongoing lease contract review requirements, and establishing processes for the gathering of information provided for disclosures.

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Plan for Remediation of Material Weakness

We are committed to remediating the control deficiencies that gave rise to the material weaknesses described above. Management is responsible for implementing changes and improvements to our internal control over financial reporting and for remediating the control deficiencies that gave rise to these material weaknesses. During fiscal ~~2019,~~2020, we are enhancing our system of internal controls over financial reporting ~~with~~by implementing the ~~following actions:~~

•: ~~Maintaining the Special Internal Controls Committee to guide our~~plan of remediation ~~efforts;~~
•: ~~Continuing our evaluation~~described in Item 9A of the design and operation of our internal controls related to revenue and related reserves, contingent consideration, incentive-based compensation, income taxes, accounts payable and accrued expenses, including the evaluation of automated controls;
•: ~~Developing and implementing new management review procedures and controls over revenue forecasts and assumptions used in the computation of contingent consideration;~~
•: ~~Evaluating our management review procedures and controls over revenue forecasts and related assumptions used in the computation of, incentive-based compensation;~~
•: ~~Providing additional training on the importance of review controls and related documentation as well as effective review and documentation procedures;~~
•: Evaluating areas of the finance organization for further technological advancements, such as accounts payable, accrued expenses, and incentive-based compensation to ensure the timeliness, completeness, and accuracy of our accounting records and enhanced reporting;
•: ~~Continuing refinement of our accounting policies, procedures, controls as well as broadening formalized documentation of our control policies; and~~
•: ~~Engaged a third-party specialist to assist in the assessment of our tax function, including our information technology capabilities, processes and systems.~~

2019 Form 10-K.

Important Considerations

The effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and our internal control over financial reporting is subject to various inherent limitations, including judgments used in decision making, assumptions about the likelihood of future events, the soundness of our systems, the possibility of human error, and the risk of fraud. Moreover, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions and the risk that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate over time. Because of these limitations, there can be no assurance that any system of disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting will be successful in preventing all errors or

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fraud or in making all material information known in a timely manner to the appropriate levels of management.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings

None.

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

There ~~has~~are many risks and uncertainties that can affect our future business, financial performance or results of operations. In addition to the other information set forth in this report, please review and consider the information regarding certain factors that could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results set forth under Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors" in our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 27, 2020. Except as noted below, there have been no material ~~change in any~~changes to these risk factors ~~previously disclosed~~during the quarter ended March 28, 2020.

The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting adverse economic conditions could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic, and the United States government-imposed travel restrictions on travel between the United States, Europe and other countries. In addition, the states and countries in onwhich our offices are located have implemented stay-at-home orders requiring everyone to stay-at-home, except to obtain or provide essential services. Many businesses, including those of our clients, have responded with their own work-from-home policies and/or indefinite closures.

We intend to continue to provide our services to our clients for the ~~2018 Form 10-K. See "Risk Factors"~~duration of these orders and closures. However, the timing of projects may be delayed or otherwise disrupted due to the length and severity of the current closures and any other restrictions or limitations implemented in the ~~2018 Form 10-K~~future. The COVID-19 virus poses the risk that we or our employees, our non-employee experts, governmental agencies, clients, and parties otherwise engaged in the delivery of our services may be prevented from conducting business activities in the ordinary course for an indefinite period. Extended shutdowns or other restrictions could also adversely limit our business operations or increase our costs.

The spread of COVID-19, which has caused a ~~complete description~~broad impact globally, may materially affect us economically. While the potential economic impact brought by the duration of COVID-19 may be difficult to assess or predict, a widespread pandemic could result in significant disruption of global financial markets, reducing our ability to access capital, which could in the ~~material risks we face.~~

~~Table~~future negatively affect our liquidity. In addition, a recession or market correction resulting from the spread of ~~Contents~~COVID-19 could materially affect our business and value of our common stock.

The global pandemic of COVID-19 continues to evolve rapidly. The ultimate impact of COVID-19 or a similar health epidemic or pandemic is highly uncertain and subject to change. We do not yet know the full extent of potential delays or impacts on our business or the global economy. As a result, the COVID-19 pandemic may affect our operating and financial results in a manner that is not presently known to us.

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

(a) Not applicable.

(b) Not applicable.

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(c) The following table provides information about our repurchases of shares of our common stock during the fiscal quarter ended March ~~30, 2019.~~28, 2020. During that period, we did not act in concert with any affiliate or any other person to acquire any of our common stock and, accordingly, we do not believe that purchases by any such affiliate or other person (if any) are reportable in the following table. For purposes of this table, we have divided the fiscal quarter into three periods of four weeks, four weeks, and five weeks, respectively, to coincide with our reporting periods during the first quarter of fiscal ~~2019.~~2020.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Period
(a)
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased(1) (b)
Average Price
Paid per Share(1) (c)
Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs (d)
Maximum Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares that May Yet
Be Purchased
Under the Plans
or Programs(2)
December 30, 2018 to January 26, 2019
— — — $ 1,593,768
January 27, 2019 to February 23, 2019
2,467 $ 41.61 — $ 21,593,768
February 24, 2019 to March 30, 2019
92,299 $ 50.24 86,609 $ 17,241,813

Period		(b) Average Price Paid per Share(1)(2)			(d) Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs(2)

December 29, 2019 to January 25, 2020	—		—	—	$	23,512,496
January 26, 2020 to February 22, 2020	3,658	$	53.39	—	$	23,512,496
February 23, 2020 to March 28, 2020	86,798	$	46.17	82,613	$	19,699,613

(1): During the four weeks ended February ~~23, 2019~~22, 2020 we accepted ~~2,467~~3,658 shares of our common stock as a tax withholding from certain of our employees, in connection with the vesting of shares of restricted stock that occurred during the indicated period, pursuant to the terms of our 2006 equity incentive plan, at the average price of ~~$41.61.~~$53.39. During the five weeks ended March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020 we accepted ~~5,690~~4,185 shares of our common stock as a tax withholding from certain of our employees, in connection with the vesting of shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units that occurred during the indicated period, pursuant to the terms of our 2006 equity incentive plan, at the average price per share of ~~$50.12.~~$46.52.
(2): On ~~each of~~ February ~~2, 2018 and February 13, 2019,~~7, 2020, our Board of Directors authorized an expansion to our existing share repurchase program of an additional $20.0 million of outstanding shares of our common stock. We may repurchase shares under this program in open market purchases (including through any Rule 10b5-1 plan adopted by us) or in privately negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable insider trading and other securities laws and regulations. During the five weeks ended March ~~30, 2019,~~28, 2020, we repurchased and retired ~~86,609~~82,613 shares under this program at an average price per share of ~~$50.25.~~$46.15. Approximately ~~$17.2~~$19.7 million was available for future repurchases under this program as of March ~~30, 2019. We expect to continue to repurchase shares under this program.~~28, 2020.

ITEM 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

ITEM 5. Other Information

None.

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ITEM 6. EXHIBIT INDEX

		Description

3.1		Amended and Restated Articles of Organization, as amended by the Articles of Amendment to our Articles of Organization filed on May 6, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our annual report on Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2020).

3.2		Amended and Restated By-Laws, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on January 31, 2011).

10.1	#	Offer Letter between CRA International, Inc. and Daniel Mahoney effective March 17, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2020).

10.2	#	Severance Agreement between CRA International, Inc. and Paul A. Maleh dated March 17, 2020. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2020).

10.3	#	Severance Agreement between CRA International, Inc. and Chad M. Holmes dated March 17, 2020. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2020).

10.4	#	Severance Agreement between CRA International, Inc. and Jonathan Yellin dated March 17, 2020. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2020).

10.5	#	Severance Agreement between CRA International, Inc. and Daniel Mahoney dated March 17, 2020. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2020).

31.1		Certification of Principal Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) ~~certification~~, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of ~~principal executive officer~~the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
~~31.2~~
31.2		Certification of Principal Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) ~~certification~~, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of ~~principal financial officer~~the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
~~32.1~~
32.1		Certification of Principal Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, ~~certification~~as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

32.2		~~101~~Certification of Principal Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101		The following financial statements from CRA International, Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March ~~30, 2019,~~28, 2020, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language), as follows: (i) Condensed Consolidated ~~Income~~ Statements of Operations (unaudited) for the fiscal quarters ended March 28, 2020 and ~~the fiscal year to date periods ended~~ March 30, 2019, ~~and March 31, 2018,~~ (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited) for the fiscal quarters ended March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020 and March ~~31, 2018,~~30, 2019, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited) as at March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020 and December 30, ~~2018,~~2019, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the fiscal quarters ended March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020 and March ~~31, 2018,~~30, 2019, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Shareholders' Equity (unaudited) for the fiscal quarters ended March ~~30, 2019~~28, 2020 and March ~~31, 2018,~~30, 2019, and (vi) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

#: Management contract or compensatory plan, contract or arrangement.

Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


	CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.
Date: ~~May 2, 2019~~April 30, 2020	By:	/s/ PAUL A. MALEH Paul A. Maleh President and Chief Executive Officer
Date: ~~May 2, 2019~~April 30, 2020	By:	/s/ ~~CHAD M. HOLMES~~DANIEL K. MAHONEY ~~Chad M. Holmes~~Daniel K. Mahoney Chief Financial Officer, Executive Vice President and Treasurer
Date: ~~May 2, 2019~~April 30, 2020	By	/s/ DOUGLAS C. MILLER Douglas C. Miller Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer

	March 30, 2019			December 29, 2018

Beginning balance	$	40,294		$	28,628
Advances		21,930			30,572
Repayments		(400	)		(3,396	)
Reclassification to other assets / from accrued expenses		(1,421	)		—
Amortization		(4,274	)		(15,329	)
Effects of foreign currency translation		273			(181	)

Ending balance	$	56,402		$	40,294



Current portion of forgivable loans	$	9,632		$	6,104



Non-current portion of forgivable loans	$	46,770		$	34,190

	Goodwill, gross		Accumulated impairment losses			Goodwill, net

Balance at December 29, 2018	$	164,625	$	(76,417	)	$	88,208
Effects of foreign currency translation		300		—			300

Balance at March 30, 2019	$	164,925	$	(76,417	)	$	88,508

	March 30, 2019		December 29, 2018

Non-competition agreements, net of accumulated amortization of $160 and $544, respectively	$	164	$	180
Customer relationships, net of accumulated amortization of $4,781 and $4,454, respectively		7,339		7,666

Total, net of accumulated amortization of $4,941 and $4,998, respectively	$	7,503	$	7,846

	March 30, 2019		December 29, 2018

Compensation and related expenses	$	55,886	$	90,711
Income taxes payable		649		514
Other		15,745		17,008

Total	$	72,280	$	108,233

	Contract Liability

	Quarter Ended March 30, 2019		Year Ended December 29, 2018
Balance at the beginning of the period	$	5,453	$	3,287
Balance at the end of the period	$	3,606	$	5,453

Revenue recognized in the period from:	Quarter Ended March 30, 2019

Amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the period	$	3,663
Performance obligations satisfied in previous periods	$	2,412

	March 30, 2019

Operating lease cost	$	3,211
Short-term lease cost		108
Variable lease cost		936

Total lease cost	$	4,255

	March 30, 2019

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	4,627
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations
Operating leases	$	713

	March 30, 2019

Assets:
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	81,480
Liabilities:
Current portion of lease liabilities	$	9,558
Non-current portion of lease liabilities		94,939

Total operating lease liabilities	$	104,497



Weighted average remaining lease term—operating leases		9.0 years
Weighted average discount rate—operating leases		3.7	%

Fiscal Year

2019 (excluding the three months ended March 30, 2019)	10,988
2020	14,083
2021	14,028
2022	14,070
2023	14,178
Thereafter	55,320

Total lease payments	122,667
Less: imputed interest	(18,170	)

Total	104,497

	For the quarter ended March 31, 2018

	As previously reported			As revised
Accounts receivable allowances	$	174		$	452
Accounts receivable	$	3,435		$	2,958
Unbilled services	$	(8,871	)	$	(8,672	)
Net cash used in operating activities	$	(40,539	)	$	(40,539	)

Period		(b) Average Price Paid per Share(1)			(d) Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs(2)

December 30, 2018 to January 26, 2019	—		—	—	$	1,593,768
January 27, 2019 to February 23, 2019	2,467	$	41.61	—	$	21,593,768
February 24, 2019 to March 30, 2019	92,299	$	50.24	86,609	$	17,241,813