Table of Contents


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

ýQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 28, 2020

or

o


TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended April 3, 2021
or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                        to       
Commission file number:000-24049



CRA International, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Massachusetts04-2372210
Massachusetts04-2372210
(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

200 Clarendon Street,Boston,MA


02116-5092
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)

(617) 425-3000
(Registrant'sRegistrant’s telephone number, including area code)



Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each ClassTrading SymbolName of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, no par valueCRAINasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ýx No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ýx No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of "large“large accelerated filer," "accelerated” “accelerated filer," "smaller” “smaller reporting company," and "emerging“emerging growth company"company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated fileroAccelerated filerýxNon-accelerated fileroSmaller reporting companyo

Emerging growth companyo

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No ý

x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer'sissuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

ClassOutstanding at April 24, 2020
Common Stock, no par value per share7,789,227 shares


Table of Contents


CRA International, Inc.

INDEX

ClassOutstanding at April 30, 2021
Common Stock, no par value per share7,322,728 shares



CRA International, Inc.
INDEX

i

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Financial Statements


CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (unaudited)

(in thousands, except per share data)

Fiscal Quarter Ended
April 3,
2021
March 28,
2020
Revenues$146,518 $126,158 
Costs of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)105,374 90,997 
Selling, general and administrative expenses23,206 24,123 
Depreciation and amortization3,301 2,943 
Income from operations14,637 8,095 
Interest expense, net(199)(362)
Foreign currency gains (losses), net(551)1,422 
Income before provision for income taxes13,887 9,155 
Provision for income taxes3,386 2,687 
Net income$10,501 $6,468 
Net income per share:
Basic$1.37 $0.83 
Diluted$1.34 $0.80 
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Basic7,626 7,805 
Diluted7,831 8,037 
 
 Fiscal Quarter Ended 
 
 March 28,
2020
 March 30,
2019
 

Revenues

 $126,158 $105,849 

Costs of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

  90,997  73,635 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

  24,123  22,743 

Depreciation and amortization

  2,943  2,616 

Income from operations

  8,095  6,855 

Interest expense, net

  (362) (11)

Foreign currency gains (losses), net

  1,422  (744)

Income before provision for income taxes

  9,155  6,100 

Provision for income taxes

  2,687  1,435 

Net income

 $6,468 $4,665 

Net income per share:

       

Basic

 $0.83 $0.58 

Diluted

 $0.80 $0.56 

Weighted average number of shares outstanding:

       

Basic

  7,805  8,015 

Diluted

  8,037  8,346 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.


3


CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (unaudited)

(in thousands)

Fiscal Quarter Ended
April 3,
2021
March 28,
2020
Net income$10,501 $6,468 
Other comprehensive income (loss)
Foreign currency translation adjustments(111)(2,427)
Comprehensive income$10,390 $4,041 
 
 Fiscal Quarter Ended 
 
 March 28,
2020
 March 30,
2019
 

Net income

 $6,468 $4,665 

Other comprehensive income (loss)

       

Foreign currency translation adjustments

  (2,427) 712 

Comprehensive income

 $4,041 $5,377 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.


4


CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (unaudited)

(in thousands, except share data)

April 3,
2021
January 2,
2021
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$31,629 $45,677 
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $3,789 at April 3, 2021 and $3,595 at January 2, 202191,690 111,595 
Unbilled services, net of allowances of $1,227 at April 3, 2021 and $1,000 at January 2, 202163,985 40,881 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets10,030 7,068 
Forgivable loans13,196 14,749 
Total current assets210,530 219,970 
Property and equipment, net60,304 62,878 
Goodwill89,278 89,187 
Intangible assets, net4,839 5,108 
Right-of-use assets120,110 122,144 
Deferred income taxes10,673 9,667 
Forgivable loans, net of current portion44,363 46,864 
Other assets2,423 2,692 
Total assets$542,520 $558,510 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable$18,995 $19,430 
Accrued expenses100,758 136,376 
Deferred revenue and other liabilities8,275 9,866 
Current portion of lease liabilities13,889 13,557 
Current portion of deferred compensation1,214 20,902 
Revolving line of credit40,000 
Total current liabilities183,131 200,131 
Non-current liabilities:
Deferred compensation and other non-current liabilities8,596 7,075 
Facility-related non-current liabilities2,169 2,113 
Non-current portion of lease liabilities136,561 139,447 
Deferred income taxes735 725 
Total non-current liabilities148,061 149,360 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)00
Shareholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, 0 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; NaN issued and outstanding
Common stock, 0 par value; 25,000,000 shares authorized; 7,627,591 and 7,693,497 shares issued and outstanding at April 3, 2021 and January 2, 2021, respectively503 
Retained earnings219,922 216,999 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(8,594)(8,483)
Total shareholders’ equity211,328 209,019 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$542,520 $558,510 
 
 March 28,
2020
 December 28,
2019
 

ASSETS

       

Current assets:

       

Cash and cash equivalents

 $15,818 $25,639 

Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $4,046 at March 28, 2020 and $3,838 at December 28, 2019

  104,886  107,841 

Unbilled services, net of allowances of $1,422 at March 28, 2020 and $1,503 at December 28, 2019

  44,377  36,569 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

  12,181  7,277 

Forgivable loans

  14,177  6,751 

Total current assets

  191,439  184,077 

Property and equipment, net

  66,626  61,295 

Goodwill

  87,827  88,504 

Intangible assets, net

  6,133  6,476 

Right-of-use assets

  125,688  130,173 

Deferred income taxes

  10,622  10,670 

Forgivable loans, net of current portion

  57,868  48,390 

Other assets

  4,005  3,658 

Total assets

 $550,208 $533,243 

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

       

Current liabilities:

       

Accounts payable

 $23,668 $26,069 

Accrued expenses

  77,714  121,301 

Deferred revenue and other liabilities

  6,509  6,723 

Current portion of lease liabilities

  12,432  12,847 

Current portion of deferred compensation

  1,000  4,470 

Revolving line of credit

  70,000   

Total current liabilities

  191,323  171,410 

Non-current liabilities:

       

Deferred compensation and other non-current liabilities

  15,911  15,071 

Facility-related non-current liabilities

  2,060  1,956 

Non-current portion of lease liabilities

  144,079  146,551 

Deferred income taxes

  475  504 

Total non-current liabilities

  162,525  164,082 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)

       

Shareholders' equity:

       

Preferred stock, no par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding

     

Common stock, no par value; 25,000,000 shares authorized; 7,756,425 and 7,814,797 shares issued and outstanding at March 28, 2020 and December 28, 2019, respectively

  5,871  9,265 

Retained earnings

  204,679  200,249 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

  (14,190) (11,763)

Total shareholders' equity

  196,360  197,751 

Total liabilities and shareholders' equity

 $550,208 $533,243 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.


5


CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (unaudited)

(in thousands)

Fiscal Quarter Ended
April 3,
2021
March 28,
2020
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income$10,501 $6,468 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization3,301 2,943 
Facility-related liabilities17 35 
Right-of-use asset amortization3,199 2,994 
Deferred income taxes(896)23 
Share-based compensation expense842 655 
Accounts receivable allowances182 62 
Unrealized foreign currency remeasurement gains, net(284)(398)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable19,838 1,388 
Unbilled services, net(23,063)(8,217)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and other assets(2,733)(5,327)
Forgivable loans4,140 (27,139)
Incentive cash awards1,729 1,423 
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities(52,856)(39,121)
Lease liabilities(3,765)(1,164)
Net cash used in operating activities(39,848)(65,375)
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchases of property and equipment(692)(7,949)
Net cash used in investing activities(692)(7,949)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Issuance of common stock, principally stock option exercises1,113 151 
Borrowings under revolving line of credit42,000 70,000 
Repayments under revolving line of credit(2,000)
Tax withholding payments reimbursed by shares(588)(390)
Cash paid for contingent consideration(2,357)
Cash paid on dividend equivalents(79)(40)
Cash dividends paid to shareholders(1,982)(1,796)
Repurchase of common stock(9,642)(3,810)
Net cash provided by financing activities26,465 64,115 
Effect of foreign exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents27 (612)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents(14,048)(9,821)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period45,677 25,639 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$31,629 $15,818 
Noncash investing and financing activities:
Purchases of property and equipment not yet paid for$294 $370 
Asset retirement obligations$$155 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations$1,070 $
Restricted common stock issued for contingent consideration$2,250 $
Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid for taxes$844 $695 
Cash paid for interest$24 $245 
Cash paid for amounts included in operating lease liabilities$5,157 $5,039 
 
 Fiscal Quarter Ended 
 
 March 28,
2020
 March 30,
2019
 

OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

       

Net income

 $6,468 $4,665 

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:

       

Depreciation and amortization

  2,943  2,616 

Facility-related liabilities

  35  35 

Right-of-use asset amortization

  2,994  2,209 

Deferred income taxes

  23  21 

Share-based compensation expenses

  655  911 

Accounts receivable allowances

  62  48 

Unrealized foreign currency remeasurement gains, net

  (398)  

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

       

Accounts receivable

  1,388  5,742 

Unbilled services, net

  (8,217) (8,666)

Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and other assets

  (5,327) (2,162)

Forgivable loans

  (27,139) (16,957)

Incentive cash awards

  1,423  1,214 

Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities

  (39,121) (42,489)

Lease liabilities

  (1,164) (3,754)

Net cash used in operating activities

  (65,375) (56,567)

INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

       

Purchase of property and equipment

  (7,949) (774)

Net cash used in investing activities

  (7,949) (774)

FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

       

Issuance of common stock, principally stock options exercises

  151  1,526 

Borrowings under revolving line of credit

  70,000  39,000 

Tax withholding payments reimbursed by shares

  (390) (388)

Cash paid on dividend equivalents

  (40) (35)

Cash dividends paid to shareholders

  (1,796) (1,616)

Repurchase of common stock

  (3,810) (4,349)

Net cash provided by financing activities

  64,115  34,138 

Effect of foreign exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents

  (612) 133 

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

  (9,821) (23,070)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

  25,639  38,028 

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

 $15,818 $14,958 

Noncash investing and financing activities:

       

Purchases of property and equipment not yet paid for

 $370 $1,906 

Asset retirement obligations

 $155 $ 

Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations

 $ $713 

Right-of-use assets related to the adoption of ASC 842

 $ $82,329 

Lease liabilities related to the adoption of ASC 842

 $ $106,765 

Supplemental cash flow information:

       

Cash paid for taxes

 $695 $298 

Cash paid for interest

 $245 $59 

Cash paid for amounts included in operating lease liabilities

 $5,039 $4,627 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.


6


CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS'SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

FOR THE FISCAL QUARTER ENDED APRIL 3, 2021 (unaudited)
(in thousands, except share data)
Common StockRetained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
Shares
Issued
Amount
BALANCE AT JANUARY 2, 20217,693,497 $503 $216,999 $(8,483)$209,019 
Net income— — 10,501 — 10,501 
Foreign currency translation adjustment— — — (111)(111)
Issuance of restricted common stock for contingent consideration40,039 2,250 — — 2,250 
Exercise of stock options41,008 1,113 — — 1,113 
Share-based compensation expense— 842 — — 842 
Restricted shares vestings29,494 — — — — 
Redemption of vested employee restricted shares for tax withholding(9,895)(588)— — (588)
Shares repurchased(166,552)(4,120)(5,522)— (9,642)
Accrued dividends on unvested shares— — — 
Cash paid on dividend equivalents— — (79)— (79)
Cash dividends paid to shareholders ($0.26 per share)— — (1,982)— (1,982)
BALANCE AT APRIL 3, 20217,627,591 $$219,922 $(8,594)$211,328 
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
7

CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
FOR THE FISCAL QUARTER ENDED MARCH 28, 2020 (unaudited)

(in thousands, except share data)

Common StockRetained
Earnings
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
Shares
Issued
Amount
BALANCE AT DECEMBER 28, 20197,814,797 $9,265 $200,249 $(11,763)$197,751 
Balance at December 29, 2019, as previously reported7,814,797 $9,265 $200,249 (11,763)$197,751 
Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle related to ASC 326— — (203)— (203)
Balance at December 29, 2019, as adjusted7,814,797 $9,265 $200,046 (11,763)$197,548 
Net income— — 6,468 — 6,468 
Foreign currency translation adjustment— — — (2,427)(2,427)
Exercise of stock options8,200 151 — — 151 
Share-based compensation expense— 655 — — 655 
Restricted shares vestings23,884 — — — — 
Redemption of vested employee restricted shares for tax withholding(7,843)(390)— — (390)
Shares repurchased(82,613)(3,810)— — (3,810)
Accrued dividends on unvested shares— — — 
Cash paid on dividend equivalents— — (40)— (40)
Cash dividends paid to shareholders ($0.23 per share)— — (1,796)— (1,796)
BALANCE AT MARCH 28, 20207,756,425 $5,871 $204,679 $(14,190)$196,360 
 
 Common Stock  
  
  
 
 
  
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
  
 
 
 Shares
Issued
 Amount Retained
Earnings
 Total
Shareholders'
Equity
 

BALANCE AT DECEMBER 28, 2019

  7,814,797 $9,265 $200,249 $(11,763)$197,751 

Balance at December 29, 2019, as previously reported

  7,814,797 $9,265 $200,249 $(11,763)$197,751 

Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle related to ASC 326

      (203)   (203)

Balance at December 29, 2019, as adjusted

  7,814,797 $9,265 $200,046 $(11,763)$197,548 

Net income

      6,468    6,468 

Foreign currency translation adjustment

        (2,427) (2,427)

Exercise of stock options

  8,200  151      151 

Share-based compensation expense

    655      655 

Restricted shares vestings

  23,884         

Redemption of vested employee restricted shares for tax withholding

  (7,843) (390)     (390)

Shares repurchased

  (82,613) (3,810)     (3,810)

Accrued dividends on unvested shares

      1    1 

Cash paid on dividend equivalents

      (40)   (40)

Cash dividends paid to shareholders
($0.23 per share)

      (1,796)   (1,796)

BALANCE AT MARCH 28, 2020

  7,756,425 $5,871 $204,679 $(14,190)$196,360 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.


8



CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

FOR THE FISCAL QUARTER ENDED MARCH 30, 2019 (unaudited)

(in thousands, except share data)

 
 Common Stock  
  
  
 
 
  
 Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Loss
  
 
 
 Shares
Issued
 Amount Retained
Earnings
 Total
Shareholders'
Equity
 

BALANCE AT DECEMBER 29, 2018

  8,010,480 $22,837 $186,229 $(12,594)$196,472 

Net income

      4,665    4,665 

Foreign currency translation adjustment

        712  712 

Exercise of stock options

  64,700  1,526      1,526 

Share-based compensation expense

    911      911 

Restricted shares vestings

  25,484         

Redemption of vested employee restricted shares for tax withholding

  (8,157) (388)     (388)

Shares repurchased

  (86,609) (4,349)     (4,349)

Accrued dividends on unvested shares

      (8)   (8)

Cash paid on dividend equivalents

      (35)   (35)

Cash dividends paid to shareholders
($0.20 per share)

      (1,616)   (1,616)

BALANCE AT MARCH 30, 2019

  8,005,898 $20,537 $189,235 $(11,882)$197,890 

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.


Table of Contents


CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)



1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Description of Business

CRA International, Inc. ("CRA"(“CRA” or the "Company"“Company”) is a worldwide leading consulting services firm that applies advanced analytic techniques and in-depth industry knowledge to complex engagements for a broad range of clients. CRA offers services in two2 broad areas: litigation, regulatory, and financial consulting and management consulting. CRA operates in one1 business segment. CRA operates its business under its registered trade name, Charles River Associates.

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of CRA International, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (collectively the "Company"“Company”), which require consolidation after the elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"(“SEC”) for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. Accordingly, these financial statements do not include all the information and note disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"(“GAAP”) for annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature necessary for the fair presentation of CRA'sCRA’s results of operations, financial position, cash flows, and shareholders'shareholders’ equity for the interim periods presented in conformity with GAAP. Results of operations for the interim periods presented herein are not necessarily indicative of results of operations for a full year. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019January 2, 2021 included in CRA'sCRA’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on February 27, 2020March 4, 2021 (the "2019“2020 Form 10-K"10-K”). Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on previously reported results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.

Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make significant estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, as well as the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of consolidated revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates in these condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services, revenue recognition on fixed price contracts, variable consideration to be included in the transaction price of revenue contracts, depreciation of property and equipment, measurement of operating lease right-of-use ("ROU"(“ROU”) assets and liabilities, share-based compensation, valuation of the contingent consideration liability,liabilities, valuation of acquired intangible assets, impairment of long-lived assets, goodwill, accrued and deferred income taxes, valuation allowances on deferred tax assets, accrued incentive compensation, and certain other accrued expenses. These items are monitored and analyzed by CRA for changes in facts and circumstances, and material changes in these estimates could occur in the future. Changes in estimates are recorded in the period in which they become known. CRA bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that CRA believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from those


Table of Contents


CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

estimates if CRA'sCRA’s assumptions based on past experience or other assumptions do not turn out to be substantially accurate.

Common Stock and Equity

Equity transactions consist primarily of the repurchase by CRA of its common stock under its share repurchase program and the recognition of compensation expense and issuance of common stock under CRA'sCRA’s 2006 Equity Incentive Plan. Under CRA's share repurchase program, theThe Company repurchases its common stock under its share repurchase program in open market purchases (including through any Rule 10b5-1 plan adopted by CRA) or in privately negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable insider trading and other securities laws and regulations. On March 8, 2021, CRA commenced a modified "Dutch auction" self-tender offer to purchase up to $25.0 million in value of shares of its common stock, as further described in Note 11. The purchase price of repurchases is first charged against available paid inpaid-in capital ("PIC"(“PIC”), and once until PIC is exhausted, any futurewherein purchases will be charged
9


CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)

to retained earnings. CRA'sAs of April 3, 2021, PIC was exhausted. CRA’s common stock has no par value. All shares repurchased have been retired.

Recent Accounting Standards Adopted

Leases (Topic 842)

        CRA adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 842,Leases ("ASC 842"), which supersedes ASC Topic 840,Leases ("ASC 840"), on December 30, 2018, using the modified retrospective transition method. The cumulative effect of the transition adjustments was recognized as of the date of adoption.

        CRA elected the package of practical expedients provided by ASC 842, which allowed CRA to forgo reassessing the following upon adoption of the new standard: (1) whether contracts contain leases for any expired or existing contracts, (2) the lease classification for any expired or existing leases, and (3) initial direct costs for any existing or expired leases. In addition, CRA elected an accounting policy to exclude from the consolidated balance sheets the ROU assets and lease liabilities related to short-term leases, which are those leases with an initial lease term of twelve months or less that do not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that CRA is reasonably certain to exercise.

        As a result of adopting the new standard, CRA recognized ROU assets of $82.3 million and lease liabilities of $106.8 million on December 30, 2018. The difference between the amount of ROU assets and lease liabilities recognized was an adjustment to deferred rent. There was no change to net deferred tax assets as a result of CRA's adoption of ASC 842. The adoption of ASC 842 did not have a material impact on CRA's results of operations or cash flows, nor did it have an impact on any of CRA's existing debt covenants.

Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting

        CRA adopted ASU No. 2018-07,Compensation—Stock Compensation: Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting (Topic 718) ("ASU 2018-07") on December 30, 2018. ASU 2018-07 expands the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. The amendments in this update specify that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor's own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. The amendments also


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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

clarify that Topic 718 does not apply to share-based payments used effectively to provide financing to the issuer or awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under Topic 606,Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The new guidance requires a remeasurement of nonemployee awards at fair value as of the adoption date. The adoption of ASU 2018-07 did not have a material impact on CRA's financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or disclosures.

Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments

        CRA adopted ASU No. 2016-13,Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("ASC 326") on December 29, 2019. ASC 326 replaces the methodology that recognizes impairment of financial instruments when losses have been incurred with a methodology that recognizes impairment of financial instruments when losses are expected. The amendment requires entities to use a forward-looking "expected loss" model for most financial instruments, including accounts receivable, unbilled services, and loans, that is based on historical information, current information, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.

        As a result of adopting the new standard, CRA recognized a cumulative increase to allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services and a reduction to the fiscal 2020 opening balance of retained earnings of $0.2 million. Comparative periods prior to the adoption of ASC 326 and their respective disclosures have not been adjusted. The adoption of ASC 326 did not have a material impact on CRA's results of operations or cash flows on the date of transition.

Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820)

        CRA adopted ASU No. 2018-13,Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement ("ASU No. 2018-13") on December 29, 2019. The ASU eliminates, adds, and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements from ASC 820. Entities will no longer be required to disclose the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, but public companies will be required to disclose the range and weighted average used to develop significant unobservable inputs for Level 3 fair value measurement. The adoption of the new standard did not have a material impact on CRA's financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or disclosures on the date of transition.

Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement

        CRA adopted ASU No. 2018-15,Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract ("ASU 2018-15") on December 29, 2019. ASU 2018-15 clarifies the accounting for implementation costs in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract and aligns the requirements for capitalizing those costs with the capitalization requirements for costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. CRA adopted the ASU using the prospective transition approach, as permitted under the new guidance. The adoption of the new standard did not have a material impact on CRA's financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or disclosures on the date of transition.


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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

Recent Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes

        In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU

CRA adopted Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2019-12,Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (" (“ASU 2019-12"2019-12”). on the first day of fiscal 2021. ASU 2019-12 simplifies or clarifies accounting for income taxes by changing the following current guidance:prior guidance related to accounting for year-to-date losses in interim periods, accounting for tax law changes in interim periods, determining when a deferred tax liability is recognized for foreign subsidiaries that transition to or from being accounted for as equity method investments, application of income tax guidance to franchise taxes that are partially based on income, and making an intra-period allocation in situations where there is a loss in continuing operations and income or gain from other items. ASU 2019-12 also introduces new guidance to evaluate whether a step up in the tax basis of goodwill relates to a business combination or a separate transaction and provides a policy election to not allocate consolidated income taxes when a member of a consolidated tax return is not subject to income tax.

        ASU 2019-12 is effective for CRA for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. CRA is in the process of determining the effects, if any, the The adoption of the ASU maynew standard did not have a material impact on itsCRA's financial position, results of operations, cash flows, or disclosures. CRA plans to adopt the amendments during the first fiscal quarter of 2021.

2. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

        The following tables show CRA's financial instruments as of March 28, 2020 and December 28, 2019 that are measured and recorded in the condensed consolidated financial statements at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):

 
 March 28, 2020 
 
 Quoted Prices in Active
Markets for Identical
Assets or Liabilities
 Significant Other
Observable Inputs
 Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 
 
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 

Assets:

          

Money market mutual funds

 $150 $ $ 

Total Assets

 $150 $ $ 

Liabilities:

          

Contingent consideration liability

 $ $ $12,009 

Total Liabilities

 $ $ $12,009 

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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

2. Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Continued)


 
 December 28, 2019 
 
 Quoted Prices in Active
Markets for Identical
Assets or Liabilities
 Significant Other
Observable Inputs
 Significant
Unobservable
Inputs
 
 
 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 

Assets:

          

Money market mutual funds

 $150 $ $ 

Total Assets

 $150 $ $ 

Liabilities:

          

Contingent consideration liability

 $ $ $11,579 

Total Liabilities

 $ $ $11,579 

        The fair value of CRA's money market mutual fund share holdings is $1.00 per share.

        The contingent consideration liability in the table above is for estimated future contingent consideration payments related to the acquisition of C1 Consulting, LLC, an independent consulting firm, and its wholly-owned subsidiary C1 Associates (collectively, "C1"). The fair value measurement of the liability is based on significant inputs not observed in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the contingent consideration liability are CRA's measures of the estimated payouts based on internally generated revenue projections, expected volatility of the revenue projections, and discount rates. The fair value of the contingent consideration liability was determined using a Monte Carlo simulation. The fair value of the contingent consideration liability is reassessed on a quarterly basis by CRA using additional information as it becomes available, and any change in the fair value estimates are recorded in costs of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)disclosures on the condensed consolidated statementsdate of operations. The contingent consideration is required to be paid prior to the end of the second quarter of fiscal 2021.

        The following table summarizes the changes in the contingent consideration liability over the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020 and the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019 (in thousands):

transition.
 
 Fiscal
Quarter Ended
 Fiscal
Year Ended
 
 
 March 28,
2020
 December 28,
2019
 

Beginning balance

 $11,579 $6,197 

Remeasurement of acquisition-related contingent consideration

  155  3,285 

Accretion

  275  2,097 

Ending balance

 $12,009 $11,579 

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

3.2. Revenue Recognition

The contracts CRA enters into and operates under specify whether the engagementsprojects are billed on a time-and-materials or a fixed-price basis. Time-and-materials contracts are typically used for litigation, regulatory, and financial consulting projects while fixed-price contracts are principally used for management consulting projects. In general, project costs are classified in costs of services and are based on the direct salary of CRA'sCRA’s employee consultants on the engagement, plus all direct expenses incurred to complete the engagement,project, including any amounts billed to CRA by its non-employee experts.

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following tables disaggregate CRA'sCRA’s revenue by type of contract and geographic location (in thousands):

Fiscal Quarter Ended
Type of ContractApril 3,
2021
March 28,
2020
Consulting services revenues
Fixed-price$33,433 $28,988 
Time-and-materials113,085 97,170 
Total$146,518 $126,158 
 
 Fiscal Quarter Ended 
Type of Contract
 March 28,
2020
 March 30,
2019
 

Consulting services revenues

       

Fixed Price

 $28,988 $21,386 

Time-and-materials

  97,170  84,463 

Total

 $126,158 $105,849 


Fiscal Quarter Ended
Geographic BreakdownApril 3,
2021
March 28,
2020
Consulting services revenues
United States$117,247 $100,740 
United Kingdom23,286 19,066 
Other5,985 6,352 
Total$146,518 $126,158 
 
 Fiscal Quarter Ended 
Geographic Breakdown
 March 28,
2020
 March 30,
2019
 

Consulting services revenues

       

United States

 $100,740 $83,529 

United Kingdom

  19,066  18,507 

Other

  6,352  3,813 

Total

 $126,158 $105,849 

Reserves for Variable Consideration and Credit Risk

Revenues from CRA's consulting services are recorded at the net transaction price, which includes estimates of variable consideration for which reserves are established. Variable consideration reserves are based on actualspecific price concessions and
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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)

those expected to be extended to CRA customers as well asestimated by CRA's historical realization rates andrates. Reserves for variable consideration are recorded as a component of the allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services.

        CRA'sservices on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Adjustments to the reserves for variable consideration are included in revenues on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

CRA also maintains allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services consist of receivablesfor estimated losses resulting from a broad range of clients in a variety of industries located through the U.S. and other countries. CRA performs a credit evaluation of its clientsclients’ failure to minimize its collectability risk. Periodically, CRA will require advance payment from certain clients. However, CRA does not require collateral or other security.

make required payments. CRA adopted ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments ("ASC 326326") on December 29, 2019,the first day of fiscal 2020, which changed the method CRA estimatedutilizes to estimate reserves related to credit risk. As a result of the adoption, CRA recognized a cumulative-effect


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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

3. Revenue Recognition (Continued)

adjustment of $0.2 million cumulative-effect increase to retained earnings and allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services. Comparative periods and their respective disclosures prior to the adoption of ASC 326 have not been adjusted.

        Under ASC 326, CRA maintains allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services for estimated losses resulting from clients' failureand a reduction to make required payments. CRA estimates these allowances based on historical charge-off rates, adjusted for daysthe fiscal 2020 opening balance of sales outstanding and expected changes to clients' financial conditions during the anticipated collection period. CRA writes off allowances when management determines the balance is uncollectible and all efforts of collection have been exhausted. Badretained earnings.

The following table presents CRA's bad debt expense, net of recoveries of previously written off allowances is reported as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses.

        Prior to adopting ASC 326 in fiscal 2020, CRA determined allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services for specific customer accounts based on the financial condition of the customer and related facts and circumstances. Expenses associated with these allowances were reported as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses.

        Adjustments to the allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services related to reserves for variable consideration are as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Quarter Ended
April 3,
2021
March 28,
2020
Bad debt expense (recovery), net$(13)$59 
 
 Fiscal Quarter Ended 
 
 March 28,
2020
 March 30,
2019
 

Additions to reserves for variable consideration

 $1,414 $1,443 

        Adjustments to the allowances for accounts receivable and unbilled services related to reserves for credit risk are as follows (in thousands):

 
 Fiscal
Quarter Ended
 Fiscal
Year Ended
 
 
 March 28,
2020
 December 28,
2019
 

Beginning balance

 $370 $639 

Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle related to ASC 326

  203   

Bad debt expense

  59  173 

Amounts written off

  (138) (442)

Ending balance

 $494 $370 

Reimbursable Expenses

Revenues also include reimbursements for costs incurred by CRA in fulfilling its performance obligations, including travel and other out-of-pocket expenses, fees for outside consultants and other


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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

3. Revenue Recognition (Continued)

reimbursable expenses. CRA recovers substantially all of these costs. The following expenses are subject to reimbursement (in thousands):

Fiscal Quarter Ended
April 3,
2021
March 28,
2020
Reimbursable expenses$16,479 $16,430 
 
 Fiscal Quarter Ended 
 
 March 28,
2020
 March 30,
2019
 

Reimbursable expenses

 $16,430 $12,835 

Contract Balances from Contracts with Customers

CRA defines contract assets as assets for which it has recorded revenue because it determines that it is probable that it will earn a performance-based or contingent fee but is not yet entitled to receive a fee because certain events, such as completion of the measurement period or client approval, must occur. The contract assets balance was immaterial as of March 28, 2020April 3, 2021 and December 28, 2019.

        CRA defines contract liabilities as advance payments from or billings to its clients for services that have not yet been performed or earned and retainers. These liabilities are recorded within deferred revenues and are recognized as services are provided. January 2, 2021.

When consideration is received, or such consideration is unconditionally due from a customer prior to transferring consulting services to the customer under the terms of a contract, a contract liability is recorded. Contract liabilities are recognized as revenue after performance obligations have been satisfied and all revenue recognition criteria have been met.

The following table presents the opening and closing balances of CRA's contract liabilityliabilities (in thousands):

April 3,
2021
January 2,
2021
Contract liabilities$2,941 $5,527 
11

 
 Contract Liability 
 
 Fiscal
Quarter Ended
 Fiscal
Year Ended
 
 
 March 28,
2020
 December 28,
2019
 

Balance at the beginning of the period

 $4,007 $5,453 

Balance at the end of the period

 $3,495 $4,007 

        During the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020, CRA recognized the following revenue as a result of changes in the contract liability balance or performance obligations satisfied in previous years (in thousands):


 
 Fiscal Quarter
Ended
 
 
 March 28,
2020
 

Amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the period

 $2,906 

Performance obligations satisfied in previous periods

 $3,257 

        The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed receivables, unbilled services and contract liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.


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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(continued)

(Unaudited)

4.


CRA recognized the following revenue that was included in the contract liabilities balance as of the opening of the respective period or for performance obligations satisfied in previous periods (in thousands):
Fiscal Quarter Ended
April 3,
2021
March 28,
2020
Amounts included in contract liabilities at the beginning of the period$4,355 $2,906 
Performance obligations satisfied in previous periods$2,183 $3,257 
3. Forgivable Loans

        Forgivable loan activity for the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020

In order to attract and the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):

 
 Fiscal
Quarter Ended
 Fiscal
Year Ended
 
 
 March 28,
2020
 December 28,
2019
 

Beginning balance

 $55,141 $40,294 

Advances

  33,442  35,166 

Repayments

    (1,173)

Reclassification from accrued expenses / to other assets

  (9,713) (1,734)

Amortization

  (6,285) (17,700)

Effects of foreign currency translation

  (540) 288 

Ending balance

 $72,045 $55,141 

Current portion of forgivable loans

 $14,177 $6,751 

Non-current portion of forgivable loans

 $57,868 $48,390 

        At March 28, 2020 and December 28, 2019,retain highly skilled professionals, CRA had no othermay issue forgivable loans to current or former employees includedand non-employee experts, certain of which loans may be denominated in other assets on the consolidated balance sheet.

local currencies. A portion of these loans is collateralized. The principal amount of forgivable loans and accrued interest is forgiven by CRA over the term of the loans, provided thatso long as the employee or non-employee expert continues employment or affiliation with CRA and complies with certain contractual requirements. Under ASC 326, CRA maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for amounts not expected to be collected,The expense associated with the forgiveness of the principal amount of the loans is recorded as compensation expense over the service period, which is initially assessed whenconsistent with the employeeterm of the loans.

The following table presents forgivable loan activity for the respective periods (in thousands):
Fiscal Quarter EndedFiscal Year Ended
April 3,
2021
January 2,
2021
Beginning balance$61,613 $55,141 
Advances2,153 42,418 
Reclassification from accrued expenses / to other assets (1)(9,713)
Amortization(6,295)(26,628)
Effects of foreign currency translation88 395 
Ending balance$57,559 $61,613 
Current portion of forgivable loans$13,196 $14,749 
Non-current portion of forgivable loans$44,363 $46,864 

(1)Relates to the reclassification of performance awards previously recorded as accrued expenses or non-employee failsforgivable loans that have been reclassified to comply with contractual requirements or ceases employment or affiliation with CRA. The allowances are determined per specific borrower and are based on their financial condition and related facts and circumstances, including consideration of collateral.

        For the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020 and the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019, no allowances for or write-offs of these loans were recorded.

other receivables.

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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

5.

4. Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill duringfor the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020 and the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019,April 3, 2021 are summarized as follows (in thousands):
Goodwill$161,080 
Accumulated goodwill impairment(71,893)
Goodwill, net at January 2, 202189,187 
Foreign currency translation adjustment91 
Goodwill, net at April 3, 2021 (1)$89,278 

Balance at December 28, 2019

    

Goodwill

 $164,921 

Accumulated goodwill impairment

  (76,417)

Goodwill, net at December 28, 2019

  88,504 

Foreign currency translation adjustment and other(1)

  (677)

Balance at March 28, 2020

    

Goodwill

  159,720 

Accumulated goodwill impairment

  (71,893)

Goodwill, net at March 28, 2020

 $87,827 

(1)
During the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020,Goodwill, net at April 3, 2021, is comprised of goodwill of $161.2 million and accumulated goodwill impairment were reduced by $4.5 million as a result of the dissolution and final liquidation$71.9 million.
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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)

Intangible assets that are separable from goodwill and have determinable useful lives are valued separately and amortized over their expected useful lives. There were no0 impairment losses related to intangible assets during the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020April 3, 2021 or during the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019.

January 2, 2021.

The components of acquired identifiable intangible assets are as follows (in thousands):

April 3,
2021
January 2,
2021
Non-competition agreements$280 $280 
Customer relationships8,220 12,120 
Total cost8,500 12,400 
Accumulated amortization(3,661)(7,292)
Total intangible assets, net$4,839 $5,108 
 
 March 28,
2020
 December 28,
2019
 

Non-competition agreements

 $324 $324 

Customer relationships

  12,120  12,120 

Total cost

  12,444  12,444 

Accumulated amortization

  (6,311) (5,968)

Total intangible assets, net

 $6,133 $6,476 

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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

6.5. Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses consist of the following (in thousands):

April 3,
2021
January 2,
2021
Compensation and related expenses$85,209 $123,540 
Income taxes payable5,251 1,927 
Performance awards2,376 2,176 
Other professional fees1,635 1,541 
Direct project accruals3,116 3,988 
Accrued leasehold improvements40 52 
Other3,131 3,152 
Total accrued expenses$100,758 $136,376 
 
 March 28,
2020
 December 28,
2019
 

Compensation and related expenses

 $63,462 $99,993 

Income taxes payable

  1,879  430 

Commissions due to senior consultants

  339  9,961 

Other professional fees

  2,230  2,077 

Direct project accruals

  3,820  3,201 

Accrued leasehold improvements

  2,189  2,166 

Other

  3,795  3,473 

Total

 $77,714 $121,301 

As of March 28, 2020April 3, 2021, and December 28, 2019,January 2, 2021, approximately $37.1$50.3 million and $81.2$102.6 million, respectively, of accrued bonuses for the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020 and the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019 were included above in "Compensation“Compensation and related expenses."

7.

6. Income Taxes

        CRA's effective income tax rates were 29.4% and 23.5% for

For the fiscal quarters ended April 3, 2021 and March 28, 2020, CRA’s effective income tax rate (“ETR”) was 24.4% and March 30, 2019,29.4%, respectively. The effective tax rateETR for the first quarter of fiscal 20202021 was higherlower than the prior year primarily due to a decreasean increase in the tax benefit related to the accounting for stock-based compensation partially offset by a decreaseas well as the impact of higher pre-tax earnings in meals and entertainment. The effective tax rate for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 was higher than2021, which diluted the combined federal and state statutory tax ratepermanent unfavorable differences, primarily duerelated to non-deductible items resulting from limitations onthe impact of the deductibility of compensation paid to executive officers, andwith respect to the deductibility of meals and entertainment. The effective tax rate forfull-year estimated ETR.
During the firstfourth quarter of fiscal 2019 was lower than2020, CRA considered the combined federal and state statutoryoperating needs of the United Kingdom ("U.K.") subsidiary, as well as the tax rate primarily dueimplications of no longer asserting indefinite reinvestment with respect to the tax benefit related to the accounting for stock-based compensation, partially offset by non-deductible itemsU.K. operations. As a result of both a qualitative and quantitative analysis, previously taxed and untaxed post fiscal 2018 U.K. earnings were no longer considered permanently reinvested. Deferred taxes that are a consequence of foreign exchange translation resulting from limitationsearnings that are no longer considered permanently reinvested are recorded as a component of foreign currency translation adjustments on the deductibilitycondensed consolidated statements of compensation paidcomprehensive income. For the fiscal quarter ended April 3, 2021, CRA’s U.K. subsidiary distributed approximately £12.0 million of both previously taxed and untaxed earnings to executive officers andCRA’s U.S. parent entity, the deductibilityforeign currency translation impact of meals and entertainment.

        CRA has not provided for deferredwhich was immaterial. Deferred income taxes or foreign withholding taxes, on undistributed earnings andestimated to be $0.4 million, have not been recorded for other basis differences that may exist from its foreign subsidiariesjurisdictions as of March 28, 2020, because suchthose earnings are considered to be indefinitelypermanently reinvested.

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CRA does not rely on these unremitted earnings as a source of funds for its domestic business as it expects to have sufficient cash flow in the U.S. to fund its U.S. operational and strategic needs. If CRA were to repatriate its foreign earnings that are indefinitely reinvested, it would accrue substantially no additional tax expense.

8.INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)

7. Net Income Per Share

CRA calculates basic and diluted earnings per common share using the two-class method. CRA calculates diluted earnings per share using the more dilutive of either the two-class method or treasury stock method. The two-class method was more dilutive for the fiscal quarters ended April 3, 2021 and March 28, 2020.
Under the two-class method, net earnings are allocated to each class of common stock and participating security as if all of the net earnings for the period had been distributed. CRA's participating securities consist of unvested share-based payment awards that contain a nonforfeitable right to receive dividends and therefore are considered to participate in undistributed earnings with common shareholders. Basic


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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

8. Net Income Per Share (Continued)

earnings per common share excludes dilution and is calculated by dividing net earnings allocable to common shares by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per common share is calculated by dividing net earnings allocable to common shares by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period, as adjusted for the potential dilutive effect of non-participating share-based awards. Net earnings allocable tothese participating securities were not material for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 or the first quarter of fiscal 2019.

quarters ended April 3, 2021 and March 28, 2020.

The following table presents a reconciliation from net income to the net income available to common shareholders (in thousands):

Fiscal Quarter Ended
April 3,
2021
March 28,
2020
Net income, as reported$10,501 $6,468 
Less: net income attributable to participating shares46 26 
Net income available to common shareholders$10,455 $6,442 
 
 Fiscal Quarter Ended 
 
 March 28,
2020
 March 30,
2019
 

Net income, as reported

 $6,468 $4,665 

Less: net income attributable to participating shares

  26  16 

Net income available to common shareholders

 $6,442 $4,649 

The following table presents a reconciliation of basic to diluted weighted average shares of common stock outstanding (in thousands):

Fiscal Quarter Ended
April 3,
2021
March 28,
2020
Basic weighted average shares outstanding7,626 7,805 
Dilutive stock options and restricted stock units205 232 
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding7,831 8,037 
 
 March 28,
2020
 March 30,
2019
 

Basic weighted average shares outstanding

  7,805  8,015 

Dilutive stock options and restricted stock units

  232  331 

Diluted weighted average shares outstanding

  8,037  8,346 

For the fiscal quarterquarters ended April 3, 2021 and March 28, 2020, the anti-dilutive share-based awards that were excluded from the calculation of common stock equivalents for purposes of computing diluted weighted average shares outstanding amounted to 13,826 and 73,647 shares. For the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019, the anti-dilutive share-based awards that were excluded from the calculation of common stock equivalents for purposes of computing diluted weighted average shares, outstanding amounted to 20,078 shares.respectively. These share-based awards each period were anti-dilutive because their exercise price exceeded the average market price over the respective period.

8. Fair Value of Financial Instruments
As of April 3, 2021, CRA did 0t have any financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The following table presents CRA’s financial instruments recorded in the condensed consolidated financial statements at January 2, 2021, which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy (in thousands):
January 2, 2021
Level 1Level 2Level 3
Assets:
Money market mutual funds$150 $$
Total Assets$150 $$
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration liability$$$14,620 
Total Liabilities$$$14,620 
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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)

The fair value of CRA’s money market mutual fund share holdings was $1.00 per share.
The contingent consideration liability pertained to estimated future contingent consideration payments related to the acquisition of C1 Consulting, LLC, an independent consulting firm, and its wholly-owned subsidiary C1 Associates (collectively, “C1”). The following table summarizes the changes in the contingent consideration liabilities (in thousands):
Fiscal Quarter EndedFiscal Year Ended
April 3, 2021January 2, 2021
Beginning balance$14,620 $11,579 
Remeasurement of acquisition-related contingent consideration1,156 
Accretion380 1,885 
Payment of contingent consideration(15,000)
Ending balance$$14,620 
9. Credit Agreement

CRA is party to aan amended and restated credit agreement that provides CRAthe Company with a $125.0$175.0 million revolving credit facility, which reflects an increase to the capacity by $50.0 million per an amendment to the credit agreement on January 12, 2021, and includes a $15.0 million sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit. CRA may use the proceeds of the revolving credit facility to provide working capital and for other general corporate purposes. CRA may repay any borrowings under the revolving credit facility at any time, but any borrowings must be repaid no later than October 24, 2022. There were $70.0was $40.0 million in borrowings outstanding under this revolving credit facility as of March 28, 2020.April 3, 2021. There were no0 borrowings outstanding borrowings under this facility as of December 28, 2019.

January 2, 2021.

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CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(Unaudited)

9. Credit Agreement (Continued)

As of March 28, 2020,April 3, 2021, the amount available under this revolving credit facility was reduced by certain letters of credit outstanding, which amounted to $4.4$4.7 million. Under the credit agreement, CRA must comply with various financial and non-financial covenants. Compliance with these financial covenants is tested on a fiscal quarterly basis. As of March 28, 2020 and December 28, 2019,April 3, 2021, CRA was in compliance with the covenants of its credit agreement.

10. Commitments and Contingencies

As described in the previous note, CRA is party to standby letters of credit with its bank in support of minimum future lease payments under leases for permanent office space.
CRA is subject to legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. In management'smanagement’s opinion, based on current knowledge, CRA believes it has adequate legal defenses and/or insurance coverage, or both, with respect to the eventuality of such actions. CRA does not believe any settlement or judgment relating to any pending legal action would materially affect its financial position or results of operations.operations. However, the outcome of such legal actions is inherently unpredictable and subject to inherent uncertainties.

        While

11. Self-Tender Offer
On March 8, 2021, CRA hascommenced a modified "Dutch auction" self-tender offer to purchase up to $25.0 million in value of shares of its common stock at a price of not experiencedless than $66.25 per share nor greater than $76.00 per share. The self-tender offer expired on April 5, 2021. On April 8, 2021, CRA paid $25.0 million to repurchase 337,837 shares at a material adverse impact to its business, financial condition or resultspurchase price of operations$74.00 per share. The purchase price and transaction costs were funded from the COVID-19 pandemic to date, there is uncertainty about client demand for the Company's services, the worldwide economyrevolving credit facility and consequently, the financial results for the current quarter may not be indicativecash on hand. The repurchased shares were retired.
15


Table of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year. The timing of ongoing projects and new project originations may be delayed or otherwise disrupted due to the length and severity of current business closures and other restrictions implemented in response to COVID-19, which may impact the timing and amount of future revenues. The magnitude of any impact on CRA's business and its duration is uncertain and cannot currently be reasonably estimated at this time. Contents
CRA is not aware of any specific events or circumstances that would require an update to its estimates or adjustments to the carrying value of its assets and liabilities as of April 30, 2020, the issuance date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

11. INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (continued)
(Unaudited)

12.Subsequent Events

On April 30, 2020,May 6, 2021, CRA announced that its Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.23$0.26 per common share, payable on June 12, 202011, 2021 to shareholders of record as of May 26, 2020.

25, 2021.

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ITEM 2. Management'sManagement’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

Except for historical facts, the statements in this quarterly report are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are merely our current predictions of future events. These statements are inherently uncertain, and actual events could differ materially from our predictions. Important factors that could cause actual events to vary from our predictions include those discussed below under the heading "Risk“Risk Factors." We assume no obligation to update our forward-looking statements to reflect new information or developments. We urge readers to review carefully the risk factors described in the other documents that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. You can read these documents at www.sec.gov.

 ��      

Our principal Internet address is www.crai.com. Our website provides a link to a third-party website through which our annual, quarterly, and current reports, and amendments to those reports, are available free of charge. We believe these reports are made available as soon as reasonably practicable after we file them electronically with, or furnish them to, the SEC. We do not maintain or provide any information directly to the third-party website, and we do not check its accuracy.

Our website also includes information about our corporate governance practices. The Investor Relations page of our website provides a link to a web page where you can obtain a copy of our code of business conduct and ethics applicable to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, and principal accounting officer.

COVID-19 Assessment

        While the COVID-19 pandemic did not materially adversely affect the Company's financial results and business operations in the Company's first fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic may pose significant risks to our business. It is too early to quantify the impact, if any, this situation will have on revenue for the remainder of our fiscal year ended January 2, 2021 or beyond, but the public health actions being undertaken to reduce the spread of the virus may create significant disruptions with respect to the demand for our services and impact our ability to conduct business activities in the ordinary course for an indefinite period. Since March 16, 2020, when we implemented our stay-at-home policy and successfully transitioned to a virtual work environment, we have been closely monitoring the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts and potential impacts on our business. However, because developments with respect to the spread of COVID-19 and its impacts have been occurring so rapidly and because of the unprecedented nature of the pandemic, we are unable to predict the extent of any adverse financial impact of COVID-19 on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Due to the above circumstances and as described generally in this Form 10-Q, the Company's results of operations for the three-month period ended March 28, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year.

        As of March 28, 2020, our cash and cash equivalents, were $15.9 million, and we had access to $50.6 million of borrowing capacity under our $125.0 million revolving credit facility, which when combined with our ongoing operating cash flows, will help us manage the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business and address related liquidity needs.

        Please see "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for an additional discussion of risks and potential risks of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Estimates

Our critical accounting policies involving the more significant estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our financial statements as of March 28, 2020April 3, 2021 remain unchanged from December 28,


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2019.January 2, 2021. Please refer to Part II, Item 7, "Management's“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations"Operations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019,January 2, 2021, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 27, 2020,March 4, 2021, for details on these critical accounting policies. Except as noted below, there have been no material changes to these critical accounting policies and significant estimates during the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020.

Recent Accounting Standards

Please refer to the sections captioned "Recent“Recent Accounting Standards Adopted" and "Recent Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted"Adopted” included in Note 1, "Summary“Summary of Significant Accounting Policies"Policies” in Part I, Item I, "Financial Statements"“Financial Statements” of this report.

Results of Operations—For the Fiscal Quarter Ended March 28, 2020,April 3, 2021, Compared to the Fiscal Quarter Ended March 30, 2019

28, 2020

The following table provides operating information as a percentage of revenues for the periods indicated:

Fiscal Quarter
Ended
April 3,
2021
March 28,
2020
Revenues100.0 %100.0 %
Costs of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)71.9 72.1 
Selling, general and administrative expenses15.8 19.1 
Depreciation and amortization2.3 2.3 
Income from operations10.0 6.4 
Interest expense, net(0.1)(0.3)
Foreign currency gains (losses), net(0.4)1.1 
Income before provision for income taxes9.5 7.3 
Provision for income taxes2.3 2.1 
Net income7.2 %5.1 %
17
 
 Fiscal Quarter
Ended
 
 
 March 28,
2020
 March 30,
2019
 

Revenues

  100.0% 100.0%

Costs of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

  72.1  69.6 

Selling, general and administrative expenses

  19.1  21.5 

Depreciation and amortization

  2.3  2.5 

Income from operations

  6.4  6.5 

Interest expense, net

  (0.3)  

Foreign currency gains (losses), net

  1.1  (0.7)

Income before provision for income taxes

  7.3  5.8 

Provision for income taxes

  2.1  1.4 

Net income

  5.1% 4.4%



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Fiscal Quarter Ended March 28, 2020,April 3, 2021, Compared to the Fiscal Quarter Ended March 30, 2019

28, 2020

Revenues. Revenues increased by $20.4$20.3 million, or 19.2%16.1%, to $146.5 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2021 from $126.2 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from $105.8 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2019.2020. The increase in net revenue was a result of an increase in gross revenues of $19.7$22.1 million as compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2019, and a decrease2020, partially offset by an increase in write-offs and reserves of $0.7$1.8 million compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2019.2020. Utilization decreasedincreased to 76% for the first quarter of fiscal 2021 from 71% for the first quarter of fiscal 2020, from 75% for the first quarter of fiscal 2019, while consultant headcount grew 16.3%4.8% from 687 at the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2019 to 799 at the end of the first quarter of fiscal 2020. Included in revenues are2020 to 837 at the effectend of changes in currency exchange rates resulting in a decrease to revenuethe first quarter of $0.4 million for the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020, and a decrease of $1.5 million for the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019.

2021.

Overall, revenues outside of the U.S. represented approximately 20% and 21% of totalnet revenues for the first quarter of fiscal 20202021 and fiscal 2019, respectively.2020. Revenues derived from fixed-price engagements increased toprojects remained at 23% of total revenues for the first quarter of fiscal 20202021 compared with 20% of total revenues for the first quarter of fiscal 2019. These percentages2020. The percentage of revenue derived from fixed-price engagements dependprojects depends largely on the proportion of our revenues derived from our management consulting business, which typically has a higher concentration of fixed-price service contracts.


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Costs of Services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization). Costs of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) increased by $17.4$14.4 million, or 23.6%15.8%, to $105.4 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2021 from $91.0 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from $73.6 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2019.2020. The increase in costs of services was due primarily to an increase of $4.9$4.5 million in employee compensation and fringe benefit costs attributable to our increased consultant headcount, an increase in incentive and retention compensation costs of $6.3$8.9 million, and an increase in forgivable loan and incentive awards amortization of $0.9 million, an increase in expense related to the net change in contingent consideration valuation of $0.6 million and an increase in other compensation of $1.3 million. Additionally, client reimbursable expenses increased by $3.6$0.1 million in the first quarter of fiscal 20202021 compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2019. These increased expenses were partially offset by a decrease in stock compensation of $0.2 million.2020. As a percentage of revenues, costs of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization) increaseddecreased to 71.9% for the first quarter of fiscal 2021 from 72.1% for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from 69.6%2020.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by $0.9 million, or 3.8%, to $23.2 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2019.

        Selling, General and Administrative Expenses.    Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $1.4 million, or 6.1%, to2021 from $24.1 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from $22.7 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2019.2020. Within this category of expenses, there was a $1.3 million decrease in travel and entertainment, a $0.6 million decrease in legal and other professional services fees, a $0.4 million decrease in rent expense, and a $0.2 million decrease in training and marketing expenses. Partially offsetting the decrease in these expenses was a $1.0 million increase in commissions to our non-employee experts, a $0.3 million increase in software subscription and data services, and a $0.3 million increase in employee compensation and fringe benefit costs and a $2.0 million increase in rent expense primarily due to additional space in our Boston and Oakland officesincentive compensation for the first quarter of fiscal 20202021 as compared to the first quarter of fiscal 2019. Partially offsetting these increased expenses was a $0.3 million decrease in other operating expenses primarily due to a decrease in legal and other professional fees and a $0.5 million decrease in commissions to our nonemployee experts.

2020.

As a percentage of revenues, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased to 15.8% for the first quarter of fiscal 2021 from 19.1% for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from 21.5%2020. Commissions to our non-employee experts increased to 2.6% of revenues for the first quarter of fiscal 2019. Commissions to our nonemployee experts decreased2021 compared to 2.2% of revenues for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 compared to 3.2% of revenues2020.
Provision for Income Taxes. The income tax provision was $3.4 million and the effective tax rate ("ETR") was 24.4% for the first quarter of fiscal 2019.

        Provision for Income Taxes.    The income tax provision was2021 compared to $2.7 million and the effective tax rate was 29.4% for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 compared to $1.4 million and 23.5%2020. The ETR for the first quarter of fiscal 2019.2021 was lower than the prior year primarily due to an increase in the tax benefit related to the accounting for stock-based compensation as well as the impact of higher pre-tax earnings, which diluted the permanent unfavorable differences, primarily related to the impact of the deductibility of compensation paid to executive officers, with respect to the full-year estimated ETR. The effective tax rate for the first quarter of fiscal 20202021 was higherlower than the prior year primarilycombined federal and state statutory tax rate due to a decrease in the tax benefit related to the accounting for stock-based compensation, partially offset by a decrease in meals and entertainment.non-deductible items resulting primarily from limitations of compensation paid to executive officers. The effective tax rate for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 was higher than the combined federal and state statutory tax rate primarily due to non-deductible items resulting from limitations on the deductibility of compensation paid to executive officers and the deductibility of meals and entertainment. The effective tax rate

Net Income. Net income increased by $4.0 million to $10.5 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2019 was lower than the combined federal and state statutory tax rate primarily due to the tax benefit related to the accounting for stock-based compensation, partially offset by non-deductible items resulting2021 from limitations on the deductibility of compensation paid to executive officers and the deductibility of meals and entertainment.

        Net Income.    Net income increased by $1.8 million to $6.5 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from $4.7 million for the first quarter of fiscal 2019.2020. The net income per diluted share was $0.80$1.34 per share for the first quarter of fiscal 2020,2021, compared to $0.56$0.80 of net income per diluted share for the first quarter of fiscal 2019.2020. Weighted average diluted shares outstanding decreased by approximately 309,000206,000 shares to approximately 7,831,000 shares for the first quarter of fiscal 2021 from approximately 8,037,000 shares for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 from approximately 8,346,000 shares for the first quarter of fiscal 2019.2020. The decrease in weighted average diluted shares outstanding was primarily due to the repurchase of shares of our common stock since the quarter period ended March 30, 2019,28, 2020, offset in part by the issuance or vesting of shares of restricted stock and time-vesting restricted stock units, the issuance of common stock for contingent consideration, and the exercise of stock options since the first quarter of fiscal 2019.

March 28, 2020.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Fiscal Quarter Ended April 3, 2021
We believe that our current cash, cash equivalents, cash generated from operations, and amounts available under our revolving credit facility will be sufficient to meet our anticipated working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months.

General. During the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020,April 3, 2021, cash and cash equivalents decreased by $9.8$14.0 million. We completed the period with cash and cash equivalents of $15.8$31.6 million. The principal drivers of the reduction of cash were paymentspayment of a significant portion of our fiscal 20192020 performance bonuses in this fiscal quarter, the fundingpayment of forgivable loans,the contingent consideration liability, the repurchase of shares, and capital expenditures related to the buildoutpayment of the expanded New York and Toronto office space, as well as the Oakland office space,dividends, offset by net borrowings of $70.0 million under our revolving credit facility.

$40.0 million.

During the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020,April 3, 2021, working capital (defined as current assets less current liabilities) decreasedincreased by $12.6$7.6 million to $0.1$27.4 million. In addition to the reduction in cash balances noted above, the reductionThe increase in working capital iswas principally due to a decrease in accrued expenses of $35.6 million, mostly due to the $70.0payment of our fiscal 2020 performance bonuses offset by fiscal 2021 performance bonus accruals and their related taxes. The increase in working capital was also due to increases in accounts receivable and unbilled services of $3.2 million, of borrowings duringand a decrease in the quarter, acurrent portion of deferred compensation of $19.7 million primarily related to the proceeds from which were used to fund forgivable loan issuancespayment of the contingent consideration and leasehold improvements, muchpayment of which are classified as non-current assets.

        Of the totalcash awards for our long-term incentive program. Partially offsetting these increases in working capital was a decrease in cash and cash equivalents held at March 28, 2020, $7.1of $14.0 million and an increase in borrowings of $40.0 million.

At April 3, 2021, $9.9 million of our cash and cash equivalents was held within the U.S. We have sufficient sources of liquidity in the U.S., including cash flow from operations and availability underon our revolving credit facility to fund U.S. activitiesoperations for the next 12 months.

months without the need to repatriate funds from our foreign subsidiaries.

Sources and Uses of Cash. During the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020,April 3, 2021, net cash used in operating activities was $65.4$39.8 million. Net income was $6.5$10.5 million for the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020.April 3, 2021. The primary factor in cash used in operations was athe decrease in the accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities of $39.1 million.$52.9 million, due primarily to the payment of a significant portion of our fiscal 2020 performance bonuses and performance awards and the payment of the contingent consideration liability. Other uses of cash included ana $3.8 million decrease in lease liabilities, a net increase of $8.2$3.1 million in accounts receivable and unbilled receivables due primarily to the increase in revenues and the timing of billings, and a $5.3$2.7 million increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets, $0.4 million unrealized foreign currency exchange gains, net, and a $1.2 millionassets. The decrease in lease liabilities. The change in forgivable loans for the period of $27.1$4.1 million was primarily driven by $33.4$2.2 million of forgivable loan issuances, net of repayments, offset by $6.3 million of forgivable loan amortization. Offsetting these uses of cash was a $1.4 million decreaseCash used in accounts receivable, net, as well as a decrease inoperations included incentive cash awardsaward expense of $1.4 million. Cash provided by operations included$1.7 million, non-cash depreciation and amortization expense of $2.9$3.3 million, right-of-use amortization of $3.2 million, share-based compensation expenses of $0.7$0.8 million, and $3.0 million in ROU asset amortization.

other non-cash expenses of $0.9 million.

During the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020,April 3, 2021, net cash used in investing activities was $7.9$0.7 million for capital expenditures primarily related to the buildoutpurchases of the New York, Toronto, and Oakland office space.

equipment.

During the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020,April 3, 2021, net cash provided by financing activities was $64.1$26.5 million, primarily as a result of borrowings, net of repayments, under the revolving credit facility of $70.0$40.0 million and $0.2$1.1 million received upon the issuance of shares of common stock related to the exercise of stock options. Offsetting these increases in cash were the tax withholding payments reimbursed by restricted shares of $0.4$0.6 million, payment of $1.8$2.1 million of cash dividends to shareholders, and $3.8$9.6 million of repurchases of common stock.

Lease Commitments
We are a lessee under certain operating leases for office space and equipment. Certain of our operating leases have terms that impose asset retirement obligations due to office modifications or the periodic redecoration of the premises, which are included in facility-related liabilities on our consolidated balance sheets and are recorded at a value based on their estimated discounted cash flows. We expect to satisfy these lease and related obligations, as they become due, from cash generated from operations.
19

Indebtedness

We are party to aan amended and restated credit agreement that provides us with a $125.0$175.0 million revolving credit facility, which reflects an increase to the capacity by $50.0 million per an amendment to the credit agreement on January 12, 2021, and includes a $15.0 million sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit. We may use the proceeds of the revolving credit facility to provide working capital and for other general corporate purposes. Generally, we may repay any borrowings under the revolving credit facility at any time, but we must repay any outstandingall borrowings no later than October 24, 2022. There was $70.0$40.0 million in borrowings outstanding borrowings under thisthe revolving credit facility as of March 28, 2020.

April 3, 2021.

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The amount available under thisthe revolving credit facility is reduced by certain letters of credit outstanding, which amounted to $4.4$4.7 million as of March 28, 2020.April 3, 2021. Borrowings under the revolving credit facility bear interest at a rate per annum, at our election, of either (i) the adjusted base rate, as defined in the credit agreement, plus an applicable margin, which varies between 0.25% and 1.25% depending on our total leverage ratio as determined under the credit agreement, or (ii) the adjusted eurocurrency rate, as defined in the credit agreement, plus an applicable margin, which varies between 1.25% and 2.25% depending on our total leverage ratio. We are required to pay a fee on the unused portion of the revolving credit facility at a rate per annum that varies between 0.20% and 0.35% depending on our total leverage ratio. Borrowings under the revolving credit facility are secured by 100% of the stock of certain of our U.S. subsidiaries and 65% of the stock of certain of our foreign subsidiaries, which represent approximately $32.9$29.8 million in net assets as of March 28, 2020.

April 3, 2021.

Under the credit agreement, we must comply with various financial and non-financial covenants. Compliance with these financial covenants is tested on a fiscal quarterly basis. Any indebtedness outstanding under the revolving credit facility may become immediately due and payable upon the occurrence of stated events of default, including our failure to pay principal, interest or fees or a violation of any financial covenant. The financial covenants require us to maintain an adjusted consolidated EBITDA to consolidated interest expense ratio of more than 2.5:1.0 and to comply with a consolidated debt to adjusted consolidated EBITDA ratio of not more than 3.0:1.0. The non-financial covenant restrictions of the senior credit agreement include, but are not limited to, our ability to incur additional indebtedness, engage in acquisitions or dispositions, and enter into business combinations.

Forgivable Loans and Term Loans

In order to attract and retain highly skilled professionals, we may issue forgivable loans or term loans to employees and non-employee experts. A portion of these loans is collateralized by key person life insurance. The forgivable loans have terms that are generally between twoone and eight years. The principal amount of forgivable loans and accrued interest is forgiven by us over the term of the loans, so long as the employee or non-employee expert continues employment or affiliation with us and complies with certain contractual requirements. The expense associated with the forgiveness of the principal amount of the loans is recorded as compensation expense over the service period, which is consistent with the term of the loans.

Compensation Arrangements

We have entered into compensation arrangements for the payment of incentive performance awards to certain of our employees and non-employee experts that are payable if specific performance targets are met. The financial targets may include a measure of revenue generation, profitability, or both. The amounts of the awards to be paid under these compensation arrangements could fluctuate depending on future performance throughduring the respectiveapplicable measurement periods. Increases in estimated awards are expensed prospectively over the remaining service period. Decreases in estimated awards are recorded in the period incurred.incurred We believe that we will have sufficient funds to satisfy any obligations related to the incentive performance awards. We expect to fund theseany cash payments if any, from existing cash resources, cash generated from operations, or borrowings on our revolving credit facility.

Our Amended and Restated 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (the "2006 Equity Plan"), authorizes the grant of a variety of incentive and performance equity awards to our directors, employees and non-employee experts, including stock options, shares of restricted stock, restricted stock units, and other equity awards.
In 2009, the compensation committee of our Board of Directors adopted our long-term incentive program, or "LTIP," as a framework for equity grants made under our 2006 equity incentive plan to our senior corporate leaders, practice leaders, and key revenue generators. The equity awards granted under the LTIP include stock options, time-vesting restricted stock units, and performance-vesting restricted stock units.
In December 2016, our compensation committee modified the long-term incentive program, or "LTIP," to allow grants of service- and performance-based cash awards in lieu of, or in addition to, equity awards to our senior corporate leaders, practice leaders, and key revenue generators. The compensation committee of our Board of Directors is responsible for
20

approving all cash and equity awards under the LTIP. We expect to fund any cash payments from existing cash resources, cash generated from operations, or borrowings on our revolving credit facility.
Business and Talent Acquisitions

As part of our business, we regularly evaluate opportunities to acquire other consulting firms, practices or groups, or other businesses. In recent years, we have typically paid for acquisitions with cash, or a combination of cash and our common stock, and we may continue to do so in the future. To pay for an acquisition, we may use cash on hand, cash generated from our operations, borrowings under our revolving credit facility, or we may pursue other forms of financing. Our ability to secure short-term and long-term debt or equity financing in the future, including our ability to refinance our credit agreement, will depend on several factors,


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including our future profitability, the levels of our debt and equity, restrictions under our existing revolving credit facility, and the overall credit and equity market environments.

Share Repurchases

In February 2020,2021, our Board of Directors authorized an expansion toof our existing share repurchase program, authorizing the purchase of an additional $20.0$40.0 million of our common stock. We may repurchase shares under this program in open market purchases (including through any Rule 10b5-1 plan adopted by us) or in privately negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable insider trading and other securities laws and regulations. During the fiscal quarter ended April 3, 2021, we repurchased and retired 166,552 shares under our share repurchase program at an average price per share of $57.93. During the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020, we repurchased and retired 82,613 shares under our share repurchase program at an average price per share of $46.15. During the fiscal quarter ended March 30, 2019, we repurchased and retired 86,609 shares, under our share repurchase program at an average price per share of $50.25. As of March 28, 2020,April 3, 2021, we had approximately $19.7$40.5 million available for future repurchases under our share repurchase program. We plan to finance future repurchases with available cash, cash from future operations, and funds from our revolving credit facility.

Self-Tender Offer
On March 8, 2021, we commenced a modified "Dutch auction" self-tender offer to purchase up to $25.0 million in value of shares of our common stock at a price of not less than $66.25 per share nor greater than $76.00 per share. The self-tender offer expired on April 5, 2021. On April 8, 2021, we paid $25.0 million to repurchase 337,837 shares at a purchase price of $74.00 per share. The purchase price and transaction costs were funded from the revolving credit facility and cash on hand. The repurchased shares were retired.
Dividends to Shareholders

We anticipate paying regular quarterly dividends each year. These dividends are anticipated to be funded through cash flow from operations, available cash on hand, and/or borrowings under our revolving credit facility. Although we anticipate paying regular quarterly dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future, the declaration, timing and amounts of any futuresuch dividends isremain subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors. During the fiscal quarters ended April 3, 2021 and March 28, 2020, and March 30, 2019, we paid dividends and dividend equivalents of $2.1 million and $1.8 million, and $1.7 million, respectively, to our shareholders.

Impact of Inflation

To date, inflation has not had a material impact on our financial results. There can be no assurance, however, that inflation will not adversely affect our financial results in the future.

Future Capital and Liquidity Needs

We anticipate that our future capital and liquidity needs will principally consist of funds required for:

operating and general corporate expenses relating to the operation of our business, including the compensation of our employees under various annual bonus or long-term incentive compensation programs;

the hiring of individuals to replenish and expand our employee base;

capital expenditures, primarily for information technology equipment, office furniture and leasehold improvements;

debt service and repayments, including interest payments on borrowings under our revolving credit facility;

share repurchases, under programs that we may have in effect from time to time;

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dividends to shareholders;

potential acquisitions of businesses that would allow us to diversify or expand our service offerings;

contingent obligations related to our acquisitions; and

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The hiring of individuals to replenish and expand our employee base is an essential part of our business operations and has historically been funded principally from operations. Many of the other above activities are discretionary in nature. For example, capital expenditures can be deferred, acquisitions can be forgone, and share repurchase programs and regular dividends can be suspended. As such, our operating model provides flexibility with respect to the deployment of cash flow from operations. Given this flexibility, we believe that our cash flows from operations, supplemented by cash on hand and borrowings under our revolving credit facility (as necessary), will provide adequate cash to fund our long-term cash needs from normal operations for at least the next twelve months.

Our conclusion that we will be able to fund our cash requirements by using existing capital resources and cash generated from operations does not take into account the impact of any future acquisition transactions or any unexpected significant changes in the number of employees or other expenditures that are currently not contemplated. The anticipated cash needs of our business could change significantly if we pursue and complete additional business acquisitions, if our business plans change, if economic conditions change from those currently prevailing or from those now anticipated, (including in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic), or if other unexpected circumstances arise that have a material effect on the cash flow or profitability of our business. Any of these events or circumstances, including any new business opportunities, or the length and severity of the COVID-19 pandemic, could involve or result in significant additional funding needs in excess of the identified currently available sources and could require us to raise additional debt or equity funding to meet those needs on terms that may be less favorable compared to our current sources of capital. Our ability to raise additional capital over the next 12twelve months, if necessary, is subject to a variety of factors that we cannot predict with certainty, including:

our future profitability;

the quality of our accounts receivable;

our relative levels of debt and equity;

the volatility and overall condition of the capital markets; and

the market prices of our securities.

Factors Affecting Future Performance

Important factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements we make in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, as well as a description of material risks we face, are set forth below under the heading "Risk Factors"“Risk Factors” and included in Part I—I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors"“Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the 2019 Form 10-K.fiscal year ended January 2, 2021, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 4, 2021. If any of these risks, or any risks not presently known to us or that we currently believe are not significant, develops into an actual event, then our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be adversely affected.

ITEM 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

For information regarding our exposure to certain market risks see "Item 7A. QuantitativePart II, Item 7A, "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk," in the 2019 Form 10-K. Additionally, please see "ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations: COVID-19 Assessment" in this Quarterlyour Annual Report on Form 10-Q10-K for an additional discussionthe fiscal year ended January 2, 2021, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the COVID-19 pandemic and the potential impact it may have on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

March 4, 2021.

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ITEM 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. This is done in order to ensure that information we are required to disclose in the reports that are filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC'sSEC’s rules and forms. Based upon that evaluation, our President and Chief
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Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of March 28, 2020, due to the material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting related to the inadequate design or execution of internal controls over: 1) our incentive-based compensation liabilities, as it relates to our internal controls over the review of the completeness and accuracy of key inputs into the computation of these liabilities; 2) certain aspects of accounting for revenue and related accounts; and 3) the completeness of certain accounts payable and expense accruals described in Item 9A of the 2019 Form 10-K.

        Notwithstanding these material weaknesses, managementApril 3, 2021.

Management has concluded that the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q present fairly, in all material aspects, our financial position at the end of, and the results of operations and cash flows for, the periods presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

Evaluation of Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, we evaluated whether there were any changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the first quarter of fiscal 2020, including any changes related to COVID-19 and the transition to our remote working environment. Except for the ongoing remediation of the material weaknesses in internal controls over financial reporting noted above pursuant to the plan described in Item 9A of the 2019 Form 10-K, there2021. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the above evaluation that occurred during the first quarter of fiscal 2020,2021 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

Plan for Remediation of Material Weakness

        We are committed to remediating the control deficiencies that gave rise to the material weaknesses described above. Management is responsible for implementing changes and improvements to our internal control over financial reporting and for remediating the control deficiencies that gave rise to these material weaknesses. During fiscal 2020, we are enhancing our system of internal controls over financial reporting by implementing the plan of remediation described in Item 9A of the 2019 Form 10-K.

Important Considerations

The effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and our internal control over financial reporting is subject to various inherent limitations, including judgments used in decision making, assumptions about the likelihood of future events, the soundness of our systems, the possibility of human error, and the risk of fraud. Moreover, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions and the risk that the degree of compliance with policies or procedures may deteriorate over time. Because of these limitations, there can be no assurance that any system of disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting will be successful in preventing all errors or


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fraud or in making all material information known in a timely manner to the appropriate levels of management.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings

None.

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

There are many risks and uncertainties that can affect our future business, financial performance or results of operations. In addition to the other information set forth in this report, please review and consider the information regarding certain factors that could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results set forth under Part I, Item 1A, "Risk Factors"“Risk Factors” in our 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended January 2, 2021, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 27, 2020. Except as noted below, thereMarch 4, 2021. There have been no material changes to these risk factors during the quarter ended March 28, 2020.

The COVID-19 pandemic and resulting adverse economic conditions could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

        In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic, and the United States government-imposed travel restrictions on travel between the United States, Europe and other countries. In addition, the states and countries in which our offices are located have implemented stay-at-home orders requiring everyone to stay-at-home, except to obtain or provide essential services. Many businesses, including those of our clients, have responded with their own work-from-home policies and/or indefinite closures.

        We intend to continue to provide our services to our clients for the duration of these orders and closures. However, the timing of projects may be delayed or otherwise disrupted due to the length and severity of the current closures and any other restrictions or limitations implemented in the future. The COVID-19 virus poses the risk that we or our employees, our non-employee experts, governmental agencies, clients, and parties otherwise engaged in the delivery of our services may be prevented from conducting business activities in the ordinary course for an indefinite period. Extended shutdowns or other restrictions could also adversely limit our business operations or increase our costs.

        The spread of COVID-19, which has caused a broad impact globally, may materially affect us economically. While the potential economic impact brought by the duration of COVID-19 may be difficult to assess or predict, a widespread pandemic could result in significant disruption of global financial markets, reducing our ability to access capital, which could in the future negatively affect our liquidity. In addition, a recession or market correction resulting from the spread of COVID-19 could materially affect our business and value of our common stock.

        The global pandemic of COVID-19 continues to evolve rapidly. The ultimate impact of COVID-19 or a similar health epidemic or pandemic is highly uncertain and subject to change. We do not yet know the full extent of potential delays or impacts on our business or the global economy. As a result, the COVID-19 pandemic may affect our operating and financial results in a manner that is not presently known to us.

April 3, 2021.

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

(a)On February 25, 2021, we issued 40,039 shares of common stock to certain principals of C1 Consulting, LLC (“C1 Consulting”) as partial consideration for the acquisition of substantially all of the assets of C1 Consulting pursuant to an asset purchase agreement. For the purposes of the acquisition, the agreed upon value of our common stock was $56.19 per share. No underwriters were used in the foregoing transaction. This sale of securities was made in reliance upon the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act or Regulation D promulgated thereunder for transactions by an issuer not involving a public offering.
(b)Not applicable.

        (b)   Not applicable.


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(c)The following table provides information about our repurchases of shares of our common stock during the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020.April 3, 2021. During that period, we did not act in concert with any affiliate or any other person to acquire any of our common stock and, accordingly, we do not believe that purchases by any such affiliate or other person (if any) are reportable in the following table. For purposes of this table, we have divided the fiscal quarter into three periods of four weeks, four weeks, and five weeks, respectively, to coincide with our reporting periods during the first quarter of fiscal 2020.

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Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Period(a)
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased(1)(2)
(b)
Average Price
Paid per Share(1)(2)
(c)
Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs(2)
(d)
Maximum Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares that May Yet
Be Purchased
Under the Plans
or Programs(2)
January 3, 2021 to January 30, 202173,062 $57.60 73,062 $5,924,092 
January 31, 2021 to February 27, 202172,619 $56.85 67,965 $42,058,408 
February 28, 2021 to April 3, 202130,766 $61.74 25,525 $40,484,285 

Period
 (a)
Total Number of
Shares
Purchased(1)(2)
 (b)
Average Price
Paid per
Share(1)(2)
 (c)
Total Number of Shares
Purchased as Part of
Publicly Announced
Plans or Programs(2)
 (d)
Maximum Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares that May Yet
Be Purchased
Under the Plans
or Programs(2)
 

December 29, 2019 to January 25, 2020

       $23,512,496 

January 26, 2020 to February 22, 2020

  3,658 $53.39   $23,512,496 

February 23, 2020 to March 28, 2020

  86,798 $46.17  82,613 $19,699,613 

(1)
During the four weeks ended February 22, 202027, 2021, we accepted 3,6584,654 shares of our common stock as a tax withholding from certain of our employees in connection with the vesting of shares of restricted stock that occurred during the indicated period, pursuant to the terms of our 2006 equity incentive plan, at the average price of $53.39.$56.44. During the five weeks ended March 28, 2020April 3, 2021, we accepted 4,1855,241 shares of our common stock as a tax withholding from certain of our employees in connection with the vesting of shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units that occurred during the indicated period, pursuant to the terms of our 2006 equity incentive plan, at the average price per share of $46.52.

$62.07.
(2)
On February 7, 2020,4, 2021 our Board of Directors authorized an expansion to our existing share repurchase program of an additional $20.0$40.0 million of outstanding shares of our common stock. We may repurchase shares under this program in open market purchases (including through any Rule 10b5-1 plan adopted by us) or in privately negotiated transactions in accordance with applicable insider trading and other securities laws and regulations. During the fivefour weeks ended March 28, 2020,January 30, 2021, we repurchased and retired 82,61373,062 shares under this program at an average price per share of $46.15.$57.60. During the four weeks ended February 27, 2021, we repurchased and retired 67,965 shares under this program at an average price per share of $56.88. During the five weeks ended April 3, 2021, we repurchased and retired 25,525 shares under this program at an average price per share of $61.67. Approximately $19.7$40.5 million was available for future repurchases under this program as of April 3, 2021. We expect to continue to repurchase shares under this program.
On March 28, 2020.8, 2021, we commenced a modified "Dutch auction" self-tender offer to purchase up to $25.0 million in value of shares of our common stock at a price of not less than $66.25 per share nor greater than $76.00 per share. The self-tender offer expired on April 5, 2021. On April 8, 2021, we paid $25.0 million to repurchase 337,837 shares at a purchase price of $74.00 per share. The purchase price and transaction costs were funded from the revolving credit facility and cash on hand. The repurchased shares were retired. Because the shares were repurchased on April 8, 2021, after the conclusion of the fiscal quarter reported pursuant to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, such shares are not reflected in the Issuer Purchase of Equity Securities table above.

ITEM 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

ITEM 5. Other Information

None.


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ITEM 6. EXHIBIT INDEX

Item No.Description
3.13.1
3.2
3.2
10.1
10.1#
31.1
10.2#Severance Agreement between CRA International, Inc. and Paul A. Maleh dated March 17, 2020. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2020).
10.3#Severance Agreement between CRA International, Inc. and Chad M. Holmes dated March 17, 2020. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2020).
10.4#Severance Agreement between CRA International, Inc. and Jonathan Yellin dated March 17, 2020. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2020).
10.5#Severance Agreement between CRA International, Inc. and Daniel Mahoney dated March 17, 2020. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to our current report on Form 8-K filed on March 20, 2020).
31.1
31.2
31.2
32.1
32.1
32.2
32.2
101
101
The following financial statements from CRA International, Inc.'s’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2020,April 3, 2021, formatted in Inline XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language), as follows: (i) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited) for the fiscal quarters ended April 3, 2021 and March 28, 2020, and March 30, 2019, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (unaudited) for the fiscal quarters ended April 3, 2021 and March 28, 2020, and March 30, 2019, (iii) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited) as at March 28, 2020April 3, 2021 and December 30, 2019,January 2, 2021, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited) for the fiscal quarters ended April 3, 2021 and March 28, 2020, and March 30, 2019, (v) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Shareholders'Shareholders’ Equity (unaudited) for the fiscal quarters ended April 3, 2021 and March 28, 2020, and March 30, 2019, and (vi) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

25
#
Management contract or compensatory plan, contract or arrangement.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

CRA INTERNATIONAL, INC.

Date: April 30, 2020May 6, 2021
By:

By:


/s/ PAUL A. MALEH

Paul A. Maleh
President and Chief Executive Officer

Date: April 30, 2020May 6, 2021
By:

By:


/s/ DANIEL K. MAHONEY

Daniel K. Mahoney
Chief Financial Officer, Executive Vice President
and Treasurer

Date: April 30, 2020


By


/s/ DOUGLAS C. MILLER

Douglas C. Miller
Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer

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