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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
þQUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended November 26, 2021
For the quarterly period ended November 24, 2017or
or
oTRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from          to
Commission File Number 1-13873

STEELCASE INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Michigan38-0819050
(State or other jurisdiction

of incorporation or organization)
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
901 44th Street SE
Grand Rapids,Michigan
49508
(Address of principal executive offices)
49508
(Zip Code)
(616) 247-2710
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
None
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common StockSCSNew York Stock Exchange
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes þ     No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).  Yes þ     No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”,filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filerþ
Accelerated filero
Non-accelerated filero
Smaller reporting companyo
Emerging growth companyo
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
If an emerging growth company, indicate by a check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o     No þ
As of December 18, 2017,16, 2021, Steelcase Inc. had 85,669,62987,021,731 shares of Class A Common Stock and 30,466,91525,074,494 shares of Class B Common Stock outstanding.


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STEELCASE INC.
FORM 10-Q




FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED November 24, 201726, 2021


INDEX

Page No. 





Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION


Item 1.Financial Statements:

Item 1.Financial Statements:
STEELCASE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited)
(in millions, except per share data)

 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Revenue$738.2 $617.5 $2,019.6 $1,919.1 
Cost of sales534.6 437.3 1,454.5 1,339.7 
Restructuring costs— 2.3 — 9.2 
Gross profit203.6 177.9 565.1 570.2 
Operating expenses187.7 168.8 547.1 498.5 
Goodwill impairment charge— — — 17.6 
Restructuring costs— 9.1 — 17.8 
Operating income15.9 — 18.0 36.3 
Interest expense(6.5)(6.6)(19.3)(20.7)
Investment income0.1 0.2 0.4 1.2 
Other income, net2.5 2.2 3.5 7.0 
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)12.0 (4.2)2.6 23.8 
Income tax expense (benefit)2.4 (6.3)(3.6)4.3 
Net income$9.6 $2.1 $6.2 $19.5 
Earnings per share:    
Basic$0.08 $0.02 $0.05 $0.17 
Diluted$0.08 $0.02 $0.05 $0.17 
Dividends declared and paid per common share$0.145 $0.100 $0.390 $0.270 
STEELCASE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited)
(in millions, except per share data)

 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Revenue$772.1
 $786.5
 $2,282.8
 $2,263.3
Cost of sales520.3
 524.6
 1,529.8
 1,504.3
Restructuring costs
 
 
 4.2
Gross profit251.8
 261.9
 753.0
 754.8
Operating expenses213.3
 207.5
 630.4
 604.5
Restructuring costs (benefits)
 (0.2) 
 0.5
Operating income38.5
 54.6
 122.6
 149.8
Interest expense(4.3) (4.3) (13.0) (12.9)
Investment income0.3
 0.4
 1.1
 1.2
Other income, net3.2
 4.1
 6.1
 8.0
Income before income tax expense37.7
 54.8
 116.8
 146.1
Income tax expense12.0
 13.6
 36.1
 47.3
Net income$25.7
 $41.2
 $80.7
 $98.8
Earnings per share: 
  
  
  
Basic$0.22
 $0.34
 $0.68
 $0.82
Diluted$0.22
 $0.34
 $0.67
 $0.81
Dividends declared and paid per common share$0.1275
 $0.1200
 $0.3825
 $0.3600

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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STEELCASE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (Unaudited)
(in millions)


 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Net income$9.6 $2.1 $6.2 $19.5 
Other comprehensive income (loss), net:
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments(0.1)0.3 0.1 0.2 
Pension and other post-retirement liability adjustments0.4 (0.3)0.7 (1.1)
Derivative amortization0.3 0.3 0.7 0.7 
Foreign currency translation adjustments(13.3)7.2 (25.1)20.7 
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net(12.7)7.5 (23.6)20.5 
Comprehensive income (loss)$(3.1)$9.6 $(17.4)$40.0 
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
 November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Net income$25.7
 $41.2
 $80.7
 $98.8
Other comprehensive income (loss), net:       
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments
 (0.5) 0.3
 (0.6)
Pension and other post-retirement liability adjustments(2.0) (0.7) (0.5) (3.2)
Foreign currency translation adjustments6.3
 (18.5) 26.6
 (15.2)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net4.3
 (19.7) 26.4
 (19.0)
Comprehensive income$30.0
 $21.5
 107.1
 79.8


See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.



2
STEELCASE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in millions)
 (Unaudited) 
 November 24,
2017
February 24,
2017
ASSETS
Current assets: 
  
Cash and cash equivalents$244.1
 $197.1
Short-term investments
 73.4
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $11.7 and $11.2347.5
 307.6
Inventories186.3
 163.1
Prepaid expenses21.5
 19.1
Other current assets47.7
 58.9
Total current assets847.1
 819.2
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $1,011.0 and $959.6430.4
 408.1
Company-owned life insurance ("COLI")170.5
 168.8
Deferred income taxes192.8
 179.6
Goodwill107.0
 106.7
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $44.4 and $43.216.3
 16.8
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates53.7
 50.5
Other assets30.7
 42.3
Total assets$1,848.5
 $1,792.0
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities: 
  
Accounts payable$247.1
 $216.8
Short-term borrowings and current maturities of long-term debt2.8
 2.8
Accrued expenses: 
  
Employee compensation114.5
 154.3
Employee benefit plan obligations29.9
 35.0
Accrued promotions29.6
 19.0
Customer deposits20.2
 15.9
Product warranties17.6
 20.4
Other74.0
 59.2
Total current liabilities535.7
 523.4
Long-term liabilities: 
  
Long-term debt less current maturities292.8
 294.6
Employee benefit plan obligations138.9
 134.3
Other long-term liabilities67.8
 73.2
Total long-term liabilities499.5
 502.1
Total liabilities1,035.2
 1,025.5
Shareholders’ equity: 
  
Common stock
 
Additional paid-in capital3.5
 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(24.2) (50.6)
Retained earnings834.0
 817.1
Total shareholders’ equity813.3
 766.5
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$1,848.5
 $1,792.0

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STEELCASE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in millions)
(Unaudited)
November 26,
2021
February 26,
2021
ASSETS
Current assets:  
Cash and cash equivalents$275.2 $489.8 
Accounts receivable341.8 279.0 
Allowance for doubtful accounts(8.5)(8.7)
Inventories286.1 193.5 
Prepaid expenses35.7 20.9 
Income taxes receivable51.0 49.5 
Other current assets22.2 21.4 
Total current assets1,003.5 1,045.4 
Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $1,084.6 and $1,063.2394.8 410.8 
Company-owned life insurance ("COLI")170.0 169.5 
Deferred income taxes119.7 113.3 
Goodwill242.7 218.1 
Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $82.4 and $73.389.1 90.4 
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates50.6 51.5 
Right-of-use operating lease assets222.7 225.4 
Other assets25.7 29.6 
Total assets$2,318.8 $2,354.0 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:  
Accounts payable$257.8 $181.3 
Short-term borrowings and current portion of long-term debt5.0 4.7 
Current operating lease obligations43.7 43.8 
Accrued expenses:  
Employee compensation79.9 90.1 
Employee benefit plan obligations20.6 24.9 
Accrued promotions27.2 27.8 
Customer deposits56.2 33.7 
Other100.6 108.7 
Total current liabilities591.0 515.0 
Long-term liabilities:  
Long-term debt less current maturities477.9 479.2 
Employee benefit plan obligations144.1 152.9 
Long-term operating lease obligations195.8 199.5 
Other long-term liabilities53.4 46.9 
Total long-term liabilities871.2 878.5 
Total liabilities1,462.2 1,393.5 
Shareholders’ equity:  
Additional paid-in capital— 12.5 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(63.6)(40.0)
Retained earnings920.2 988.0 
Total shareholders’ equity856.6 960.5 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$2,318.8 $2,354.0 
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

3
STEELCASE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(in millions)

 Nine Months Ended
 November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
OPERATING ACTIVITIES 
  
Net income$80.7
 $98.8
Depreciation and amortization47.7
 44.7
Deferred income taxes(6.3) 5.2
Non-cash stock compensation15.5
 16.6
Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliates(10.4) (7.3)
Dividends received from unconsolidated affiliates7.5
 7.4
Other(7.5) (6.4)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: 
  
Accounts receivable(35.8) (10.2)
Inventories(22.4) (14.8)
VAT recoverable8.2
 19.3
Other assets15.5
 (12.8)
Accounts payable26.1
 15.1
Employee compensation liabilities(44.2) (41.5)
Employee benefit obligations(6.2) (8.3)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities26.7
 (1.8)
Net cash provided by operating activities95.1
 104.0
INVESTING ACTIVITIES 
  
Capital expenditures(58.3) (40.4)
Purchases of investments(52.1) (94.3)
Liquidations of investments125.6
 82.6
Other15.3
 1.6
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities30.5
 (50.5)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES 
  
Dividends paid(45.9) (44.1)
Common stock repurchases(33.4) (48.3)
Excess tax benefit from vesting of stock awards
 (0.1)
Repayment of long-term debt(2.0) (1.6)
Net cash used in financing activities(81.3)
(94.1)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents2.7
 (2.2)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents47.0
 (42.8)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period197.1
 181.9
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$244.1
 $139.1

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STEELCASE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (Unaudited)
(in millions, except share and per share data)
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Changes in common shares outstanding:
Common shares outstanding, beginning of period113,821,358 114,776,546 114,908,676 117,202,000 
Common stock issuances16,109 21,351 43,406 48,241 
Common stock repurchases(1,764,083)(44,201)(3,991,083)(3,288,795)
Performance and restricted stock units issued as common stock104,825 139,114 1,217,210 931,364 
Common shares outstanding, end of period112,178,209 114,892,810 112,178,209 114,892,810 
Changes in additional paid-in capital (1):
Additional paid-in capital, beginning of period$— $1.7 $12.5 $28.4 
Common stock issuances0.2 0.2 0.6 0.6 
Common stock repurchases— (0.4)(27.7)(36.8)
Performance and restricted stock units expense (credit)(0.2)2.0 14.6 11.3 
Additional paid-in capital, end of period— 3.5 — 3.5 
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), beginning of period(50.9)(56.3)(40.0)(69.3)
Other comprehensive income (loss)(12.7)7.5 (23.6)20.5 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), end of period(63.6)(48.8)(63.6)(48.8)
Changes in retained earnings:
Retained earnings, beginning of period952.2 1,002.7 988.0 1,011.3 
Net income9.6 2.1 6.2 19.5 
Dividends paid(16.7)(11.7)(45.9)(31.8)
Common stock repurchases(23.1)— (26.3)(5.9)
Performance and restricted stock units expense (credit)(1.8)— (1.8)— 
Retained earnings, end of period920.2 993.1 920.2 993.1 
Total shareholders' equity$856.6 $947.8 $856.6 $947.8 

(1)Shares of our Class A and Class B common stock have no par value; thus, there are no balances for common stock.
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.



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STEELCASE INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(in millions)
 Nine Months Ended
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
OPERATING ACTIVITIES  
Net income$6.2 $19.5 
Depreciation and amortization62.2 64.1 
Goodwill impairment charge— 17.6 
Restructuring costs— 27.0 
Deferred income taxes(9.6)17.9 
Non-cash stock compensation13.4 11.9 
Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliates(4.4)(6.7)
Dividends received from unconsolidated affiliates4.7 5.2 
Other(19.5)(12.4)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:  
Accounts receivable(68.6)105.2 
Inventories(93.4)(16.4)
Other assets(18.3)(22.9)
Accounts payable77.5 (47.0)
Employee compensation liabilities(15.3)(130.5)
Employee benefit obligations(13.5)(25.2)
Customer deposits21.3 30.4 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities(1.8)(0.5)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities(59.1)37.2 
INVESTING ACTIVITIES  
Capital expenditures(45.3)(32.1)
Proceeds from disposal of fixed assets17.4 7.3 
Acquisition, net of cash acquired(32.6)— 
Other9.2 7.0 
Net cash used in investing activities(51.3)(17.8)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES  
Dividends paid(45.9)(31.8)
Common stock repurchases(54.0)(42.7)
Borrowings on global committed bank facility— 250.0 
Repayments on global committed bank facility— (250.0)
Other(1.6)(2.1)
Net cash used in financing activities(101.5)(76.6)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(1.6)1.8 
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(213.5)(55.4)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period (1)495.6 547.1 
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period (2)$282.1 $491.7 

(1)These amounts include restricted cash of $5.8 and $6.1 as of February 26, 2021 and February 28, 2020, respectively.
(2)These amounts include restricted cash of $6.9 and $7.3 as of November 26, 2021 and November 27, 2020, respectively.
Restricted cash primarily represents funds held in escrow for potential future workers’ compensation and product liability claims.  Restricted cash is included as part of Other assets in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1.BASIS OF PRESENTATION
1.BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions in Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals and adjustments) considered necessary for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated financial statements have been included. Results for interim periods should not be considered indicative of results to be expected for a full year. Reference should be made to the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 24, 201726, 2021 (“Form 10-K”). The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of February 24, 201726, 2021 was derived from the audited Consolidated Balance Sheet included in our Form 10-K.
As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Report”), unless otherwise expressly stated or the context otherwise requires, all references to “Steelcase,” “we,” “our,” “Company” and similar references are to Steelcase Inc. and its subsidiaries in which a controlling interest is maintained. Unless the context otherwise indicates, reference to a year relates to the fiscal year, ended in February of the year indicated, rather than a calendar year. Additionally, Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 reference the first, second, third and fourth quarter, respectively, of the fiscal year indicated. All amounts are in millions, except share and per share data, data presented as a percentage or as otherwise indicated.
2.
NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
In March 2017,2.NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
We evaluate all Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs") issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") for consideration of their applicability to our consolidated financial statements. We have assessed all ASUs issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2017-07, Compensation - Retirement Benefits (Topic 715),but not yet adopted and concluded that those not disclosed are either not applicable to improve the presentation of net periodic pension cost and net periodic post-retirement benefit cost. The amended guidance requires that an employer disaggregate the service cost component from the other components of net benefit cost, provides explicit guidance on howus or are not expected to present the service cost component and the other components of net benefit cost in the income statement, and allows only the service cost component of net benefit cost to be eligible for capitalization. The amended guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted within the first interim period ofhave a fiscal year. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this standardmaterial effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In October 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Income Taxes (Topic 740). The update is intended to improve the accounting for the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. In Q1 2018, we chose to early adopt this guidance, which did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718), which is part of the FASB Simplification Initiative. The updated guidance simplifies several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions. The amended guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. We adopted this guidance in Q1 2018 and, as a result, the income tax effects of our share-based compensation awards, which aggregated $0.7, were recognized as a component of Income tax expense on our Consolidated Statement of Income for the nine months ended November 24, 2017 instead of a component of Additional paid-in capital on our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of November 24, 2017. The remaining requirements of this new accounting guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which establishes a new lease accounting model for lessees. The updated guidance requires an entity to recognize assets and liabilities arising from financing and operating leases, along with additional qualitative and quantitative disclosures. The amended guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. We expect the adoption of this guidance will result in an increase in the assets and liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and we are currently evaluating the extent of this increase.

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STEELCASE INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

3.REVENUE
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Disaggregation of Revenue
The following table provides information about disaggregated revenue by product category for each of our reportable segments:
Product Category DataThree Months EndedNine Months Ended
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Americas
Desking, benching, systems and storage$240.1 $202.8 $669.5 $681.9 
Seating143.0 121.3 426.7 412.8 
Other (1)117.2 92.3 303.7 286.8 
EMEA
Desking, benching, systems and storage62.2 48.5 158.7 140.3 
Seating61.1 61.7 150.7 138.5 
Other (1)44.9 33.1 121.3 89.9 
Other
Desking, benching, systems and storage13.8 12.4 39.1 33.5 
Seating21.3 17.2 52.0 48.1 
Other (1)34.6 28.2 97.9 87.3 
$738.2 $617.5 $2,019.6 $1,919.1 
_______________________________________
(1)The Other product category data consists primarily of products sold by consolidated dealers, textiles and surface materials, worktools, architecture, technology and other uncategorized product lines and services.

Reportable geographic information is as follows:
Reportable Geographic RevenueThree Months EndedNine Months Ended
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
United States$474.6 $392.9 $1,327.4 $1,314.0 
Foreign locations263.6 224.6 692.2 605.1 
$738.2 $617.5 $2,019.6 $1,919.1 

Contract Balances
At times, we receive payments from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which establishes a new standard oncustomers before revenue recognition. The new standard outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. The core principle of the revenue model is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The standard is designed to create greater comparability for financial statement users across industries and jurisdictions and also requires enhanced disclosures. The guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. We arerecognized, resulting in the processrecognition of evaluatinga contract liability (Customer deposits) presented in the impact that will result from adoption ofCondensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Changes in the new standard, but based on analysis performedCustomer deposits balance during the nine months ended November 26, 2021 are as of November 24, 2017, we do not anticipate a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements. We currently plan to apply the new standard using the modified retrospective method beginning in 2019.follows:
3.EARNINGS PER SHARECustomer Deposits
Balance as of February 26, 2021$33.7 
Recognition of revenue related to beginning of year customer deposits(30.7)
Customer deposits received, net of revenue recognized during the period53.2 
Balance as of November 26, 2021$56.2 
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
4.EARNINGS PER SHARE
Earnings per share is computed using the two-class method. The two-class method determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating securities according to dividends or dividend equivalents and their respective participation rights in undistributed earnings. Participating securities represent restricted stock units in which the participants have non-forfeitable rights to dividend equivalents during the performance period. Diluted earnings per share includes the effects of certain performance units in which the participants have forfeitable rights to dividend equivalents during the performance period.
Computation of Earnings Per ShareThree Months Ended November 26, 2021Three Months Ended November 27, 2020
Net IncomeBasic Shares
(in millions)
Diluted Shares
(in millions)
Net IncomeBasic Shares
(in millions)
Diluted Shares
(in millions)
Amounts used in calculating earnings per share$9.6 116.0 116.3 $2.1 117.7 118.0 
Impact of participating securities(0.3)(3.2)(3.2)— (2.9)(2.9)
Amounts used in calculating earnings per share, excluding participating securities$9.3 112.8 113.1 $2.1 114.8 115.1 
Earnings per share$0.08 $0.08 $0.02 $0.02 
There were no anti-dilutive performance units excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended November 26, 2021 and November 27, 2020.
Computation of Earnings Per ShareNine Months Ended November 26, 2021Nine Months Ended November 27, 2020
Net IncomeBasic Shares
(in millions)
Diluted Shares
(in millions)
Net IncomeBasic Shares
(in millions)
Diluted Shares
(in millions)
Amounts used in calculating earnings per share$6.2 117.4 117.8 $19.5 117.4 117.7 
Impact of participating securities(0.2)(3.0)(3.0)(0.4)(2.5)(2.5)
Amounts used in calculating earnings per share, excluding participating securities$6.0 114.4 114.8 $19.1 114.9 115.2 
Earnings per share$0.05 $0.05 $0.17 $0.17 
There were no anti-dilutive performance units excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the nine months ended November 26, 2021 and November 27, 2020.
8
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Computation of Earnings per ShareNovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Net income$25.7
 $41.2
 $80.7
 $98.8
Adjustment for earnings attributable to participating securities(0.6) (0.8) (1.6) (1.9)
Net income used in calculating earnings per share$25.1
 $40.4
 $79.1
 $96.9
Weighted-average common shares outstanding including participating securities (in millions)118.4
 120.4
 119.4
 121.1
Adjustment for participating securities (in millions)(2.4) (2.4) (2.3) (2.4)
Shares used in calculating basic earnings per share (in millions)116.0
 118.0
 117.1
 118.7
Effect of dilutive stock-based compensation (in millions)0.2
 0.4
 0.2
 0.5
Shares used in calculating diluted earnings per share (in millions)116.2
 118.4
 117.3
 119.2
Earnings per share: 
  
  
  
Basic$0.22
 $0.34
 $0.68
 $0.82
Diluted$0.22
 $0.34
 $0.67
 $0.81
Total common shares outstanding at period end (in millions)116.1
 117.3
 116.1
 117.3
        
Anti-dilutive performance units excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share (in millions)0.5
 0.3
 0.5
 0.3

6

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STEELCASE INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

5.ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
4.ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated balances of other comprehensive income (loss) for the three months endedNovember 24, 2017:26, 2021:
 Unrealized gain (loss) on investmentsPension and other post-retirement liability adjustmentsForeign currency translation adjustmentsTotal
Balance as of August 25, 2017$
 $14.5
 $(43.0) $(28.5) 
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications
 (0.5) 6.3
 5.8
 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
 (1.5) 
 (1.5) 
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)
 (2.0) 6.3
 4.3
 
Balance as of November 24, 2017$
 $12.5
 $(36.7) $(24.2) 
Unrealized gain (loss) on investmentsPension and other post-retirement liability adjustmentsDerivative amortizationForeign currency translation adjustmentsTotal
Balance as of August 27, 2021$0.5 $(6.3)$(7.2)$(37.9)$(50.9)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications(0.1)0.4 — (13.3)(13.0)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)— — 0.3 — 0.3 
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during the period(0.1)0.4 0.3 (13.3)(12.7)
Balance as of November 26, 2021$0.4 $(5.9)$(6.9)$(51.2)$(63.6)
The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated balances of other comprehensive income (loss) for the nine months ended November 24, 2017:26, 2021:
Unrealized gain (loss) on investmentsPension and other post-retirement liability adjustmentsDerivative amortizationForeign currency translation adjustmentsTotal
Balance as of February 26, 2021$0.3 $(6.6)$(7.6)$(26.1)$(40.0)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications0.1 0.8 — (25.1)(24.2)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)— (0.1)0.7 — 0.6 
Net other comprehensive income (loss) during the period0.1 0.7 0.7 (25.1)(23.6)
Balance as of November 26, 2021$0.4 $(5.9)$(6.9)$(51.2)$(63.6)


9

 Unrealized gain (loss) on investmentsPension and other post-retirement liability adjustmentsForeign currency translation adjustmentsTotal
Balance as of February 24, 2017$(0.3) $13.0
 $(63.3) $(50.6) 
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications0.3
 (0.7) 26.6
 26.2
 
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
 0.2
 
 0.2
 
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)0.3
 (0.5) 26.6
 26.4
 
Balance as of November 24, 2017$
 $12.5
 $(36.7) $(24.2) 
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following table provides details about reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the three and nine months ended November 24, 201726, 2021 and November 25, 2016:27, 2020:

Detail of Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income (Loss) Components
Amounts Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Affected Line in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Amortization of pension and other post-retirement actuarial losses (gains)$(0.1)$(0.3)$(0.2)$(0.9)Other income, net
Prior service cost (credit)— — — (0.1)Other income, net
Income tax expense0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 Income tax expense (benefit)
— (0.2)(0.1)(0.7)
Derivative amortization0.4 0.4 1.0 1.0 Interest expense
Income tax benefit(0.1)(0.1)(0.3)(0.3)Income tax expense (benefit)
0.3 0.3 0.7 0.7 
Total reclassifications$0.3 $0.1 $0.6 $— 

10
Detail of Accumulated Other
Comprehensive Income (Loss) Components
Amounts Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Affected Line in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24, 2017November 25, 2016
Amortization of pension and other post-retirement liability adjustments         
Actuarial losses (gains)(0.4) (0.1) (1.3) (0.2) Cost of sales
Actuarial losses (gains)(0.3) 
 (1.1) 0.1
 Operating expenses
Prior service cost (credit)(0.8) (1.0) (2.4) (3.0) Cost of sales
Prior service cost (credit)(1.0) (1.2) (2.9) (3.5) Operating expenses
Settlements - Actuarial losses (gains)
 
 3.9
 
 Cost of sales
Settlements - Actuarial losses (gains)
 
 3.2
 
 Operating expenses
 1.0
 0.8
 0.8
 2.4
 Income tax expense
Total reclassifications$(1.5) $(1.5) $0.2
 $(4.2) Net income

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STEELCASE INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

6.FAIR VALUE
5.FAIR VALUE
The carrying amounts for many of our financial instruments, including cash and cash equivalents, accounts and notes receivable, accounts and notes payable, short-term borrowings and certain other liabilities, approximate their fair value due to their relatively short maturities. Our short-term investments, foreign exchange forward contracts and long-term investments are measured at fair value onin the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Our total debt is carried at cost and was $295.6$482.9 and $297.4$483.9 as of November 24, 201726, 2021 and February 24, 2017,26, 2021, respectively. The fair value of our total debt is measured using a discounted cash flow analysis based on current market interest rates for similar types of instruments and was approximately $325$552.4 and $330$568.1 as of November 24, 201726, 2021 and February 24, 2017,26, 2021, respectively. The estimation of the fair value of our total debt is based on Level 2 fair value measurements.
We periodically use derivative financial instruments to manage exposures to movements in foreign exchange rates and interest rates. The use of these financial instruments modifies the exposure of these risks with the intention to reduce our risk of short-term volatility. We do not use derivatives for speculative or trading purposes.

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STEELCASE INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value in our Consolidated Balance Sheets as of November 24, 201726, 2021 and February 24, 201726, 2021 are summarized below:
 November 26, 2021
Fair Value of Financial InstrumentsLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents$274.1 $— $— $274.1 
Restricted cash6.9 — — 6.9 
Foreign exchange forward contracts— 0.2 — 0.2 
Auction rate security— — 2.7 2.7 
 $281.0 $0.2 $2.7 $283.9 
Liabilities:
Foreign exchange forward contracts$— $(2.1)$— $(2.1)
 $— $(2.1)$— $(2.1)
 February 26, 2021
Fair Value of Financial InstrumentsLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets:    
Cash and cash equivalents$489.8 $— $— $489.8 
Restricted cash5.8 — — 5.8 
Foreign exchange forward contracts— 1.1 — 1.1 
Auction rate security— — 2.6 2.6 
 $495.6 $1.1 $2.6 $499.3 
Liabilities:    
Foreign exchange forward contracts$— $(0.8)$— $(0.8)
 $— $(0.8)$— $(0.8)
 November 24, 2017
Fair Value of Financial InstrumentsLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets: 
  
  
  
Cash and cash equivalents$244.1
 $
 $
 $244.1
Restricted cash2.5
 
 
 2.5
Foreign exchange forward contracts
 0.9
 
 0.9
Auction rate securities
 
 3.9
 3.9
 $246.6
 $0.9
 $3.9
 $251.4
Liabilities:       
  Foreign exchange forward contracts
 (1.6) 
 (1.6)
 $
 $(1.6) $
 $(1.6)
        
        
        
 February 24, 2017
Fair Value of Financial InstrumentsLevel 1Level 2Level 3Total
Assets: 
  
  
  
Cash and cash equivalents$197.1
 $
 $
 $197.1
Restricted cash2.5
 
 
 2.5
Managed investment portfolio and other investments       
Corporate debt securities
 33.6
 
 33.6
U.S. agency debt securities
 18.6
 
 18.6
Asset backed securities
 3.7
 
 3.7
U.S. government debt securities2.4
 
 
 2.4
Municipal debt securities
 15.1
 
 15.1
Foreign exchange forward contracts
 3.5
 
 3.5
Auction rate securities
 
 3.5
 3.5
 $202.0
 $74.5
 $3.5
 $280.0
Liabilities: 
  
  
  
Foreign exchange forward contracts$
 $(0.9) $
 $(0.9)
 $
 $(0.9) $
 $(0.9)



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STEELCASE INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Below is a roll-forward of assets and liabilities measured at fair value using Level 3 inputs for the nine months endedNovember 24, 2017:26, 2021:

Roll-Forward of Fair Value Using Level 3 InputsAuction Rate Securities
Balance as of February 24, 2017$3.5
Unrealized gain on investments0.4
Balance as of November 24, 2017$3.9
6.Roll-Forward of Fair Value Using Level 3 InputsINVENTORIESAuction Rate Security
Balance as of February 26, 2021$2.6 
Unrealized gain on investment0.1 
Balance as of November 26, 2021$2.7 
11
InventoriesNovember 24,
2017
February 24,
2017
Raw materials and work-in-process$87.8
 $79.6
Finished goods117.4
 101.7
 205.2
 181.3
Revaluation to LIFO18.9
 18.2
 $186.3
 $163.1

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
7.INVENTORIES
InventoriesNovember 26,
2021
February 26,
2021
Raw materials and work-in-process$162.8 $126.0 
Finished goods151.3 86.4 
 314.1 212.4 
Revaluation to LIFO28.0 18.9 
 $286.1 $193.5 
The portion of inventories determined by the LIFO method was $84.5$125.1 and $77.9$89.1 as of November 24, 201726, 2021 and February 24, 2017,26, 2021, respectively.
7.SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
8.     SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION
Performance Units
During the nine months ended November 24, 2017, we awarded 154,500We have issued performance units ("PSUs"(“PSUs”) to our executive officers. The PSUs awardedcertain employees which are earned afterover a three-year performance period from 2018 through 2020,based on performance conditions established annually by the Compensation Committee within the first three months of the applicable fiscal year. The PSUs are then modified based on achievement of certain total shareholder return results relative to a comparison group of companies, which is a market condition,condition. When the performance conditions for a fiscal year are established, or if the performance conditions involve a qualitative assessment and if earned, will besuch assessment has been made, one-third of the PSUs issued inare considered granted. Therefore, each of the formthree fiscal years within the performance period is considered an individual tranche of sharesthe award (referred to as "Tranche 1," "Tranche 2" and "Tranche 3," respectively).
As of Class A Common Stock. The number of shares that mayNovember 26, 2021, the following PSUs have been issued and remained outstanding:
448,300 PSUs to be earned can range from 0%over a three-year performance period of 2022 through 2024 (the "2022 PSUs"),
529,500 PSUs to 200%be earned over a three-year performance period of 2021 through 2023 (the "2021 PSUs") and
296,600 PSUs to be earned over a three-year performance period of 2020 through 2022 (the "2020 PSUs").
In Q1 2022, the performance conditions were established for Tranche 1 of the target amount; therefore,2022 PSUs, Tranche 2 of the maximum number2021 PSUs and Tranche 3 of shares that can be issued underthe 2020 PSUs. Accordingly, one-third of each of these awards is 309,000.PSUs were considered granted in Q1 2022.
In Q1 2021, the performance conditions were established for Tranche 1 of the 2021 PSUs and Tranche 2 of the 2020 PSUs. These performance conditions involved a qualitative assessment which was made by the Compensation Committee in Q4 2021. Accordingly, one-third of each of these PSUs were considered granted in Q4 2021.
In Q1 2020, the performance conditions were established for Tranche 1 of the 2020 PSUs. Accordingly, one-third of the 2020 PSUs were considered granted in Q1 2020.
Once granted, the PSUs are expensed and recorded in Additional paid-in capital on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets over the remaining performance period. For participants who are or become retirement-eligible during the performance period, the PSUs are expensed over the period ending on the date the participant becomes retirement-eligible.

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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
We used the Monte Carlo simulation model to calculate the fair value of these PSUsthe market conditions on the date of grant. The modelrespective grant dates, which resulted in a weighted average grant date fair value of $21.77 per unit$6.1, $3.7 and $1.6 for thesethe PSUs compared to $16.33 and $24.15 per unit for similar PSUswith market conditions granted in 20172022, 2021 and 2016,2020, respectively.
The weighted average grant date fair values were determinedMonte Carlo simulation was computed using the following assumptions:
FY22 AwardFY21 AwardFY20 Award
2018 Awards2017 Awards2016 AwardsTranche 1Tranche 2Tranche 1Tranche 3Tranche 2Tranche 1
Three-year risk-free interest rate (1)1.4%0.9%0.8%
Risk-free interest rate (1)Risk-free interest rate (1)0.3 %0.2 %0.2 %0.1 %0.1 %2.3 %
Expected term3 years
3 years
3 years
Expected term3 years2 years2 years1 year1 year3 years
Estimated volatility (2)31.8%31.2%29.4%Estimated volatility (2)53.5 %61.3 %58.1 %56.1 %74.1 %32.5 %

(1)Based on the U.S. government bond benchmark on the grant date.
(2)Represents the historical price volatility of the Company’s common stock for the three-year period preceding the grant date.

(1)Based on the U.S. Government bond benchmark on the grant date.
10

Table(2)Represents the historical price volatility of Contentsour Class A Common Stock for the three-year period.
STEELCASE INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The total PSU expense (credit) and associated tax benefit (expense) for all outstanding awards for the three and nine months endedNovember 24, 201726, 2021 and November 25, 201627, 2020 are as follows:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Performance UnitsNovember 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Expense (credit)$(4.1)$0.1 $1.5 $0.4 
Tax benefit (expense)(1.0)— 0.4 0.1 
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Performance UnitsNovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Expense$1.3
 $1.5
 $3.8
 $4.7
Tax benefit0.5
 0.5
 1.4
 1.7
As of November 24, 2017,26, 2021, there was $3.0$0.3 of remaining unrecognized compensation costexpense related to granted nonvested PSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a remaining weighted-average period of 1.61.4 years.
The PSU activity for the nine months endedNovember 24, 201726, 2021 is as follows:
Maximum Number of Shares That May Be Issued Under Nonvested UnitsTotal
Weighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Value per Unit
Maximum Number of Shares That May Be Issued Under Nonvested UnitsTotalWeighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
per Unit
Nonvested as of February 24, 2017916,420
$19.31
Nonvested as of February 26, 2021Nonvested as of February 26, 2021898,156 $14.06 
Granted309,000
21.77
Granted1,019,517 14.38 
Nonvested as of November 24, 20171,225,420
$19.93
Nonvested as of November 26, 2021Nonvested as of November 26, 20211,917,673 $14.23 
Restricted Stock Units
During the nine months ended November 24, 2017,26, 2021, we awarded 780,3211,155,818 restricted stock units ("RSUs"), of which 131,200 were awarded to our executive officers. Thesecertain employees. RSUs have restrictions on transfer which lapse three years after the date of grant, at which time the unitsRSUs will be issued as unrestricted shares of Class A Common Stock. RSUs are expensed and recorded in Additional paid-in capital on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets over the requisite service period based on the value of the underlying shares on the date of grant. For participants who are or become retirement-eligible during the service period, the RSUs are expensed over the period ending on the date the participant becomes retirement-eligible.
The total RSU expense and associated tax benefit for all outstanding awards for the three and nine months endedNovember 24, 201726, 2021 and November 25, 201627, 2020 are as follows:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Restricted Stock UnitsNovember 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Expense$2.1 $1.9 $11.3 $10.9 
Tax benefit0.5 0.5 2.8 2.8 
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STEELCASE INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Restricted Stock UnitsNovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Expense$2.3
 $2.5
 $11.1
 $11.4
Tax benefit0.8
 0.9
 4.0
 4.1
As of November 24, 2017,26, 2021, there was $10.4$10.6 of remaining unrecognized compensation costexpense related to nonvested RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.92.1 years.
The RSU activity for the nine months endedNovember 24, 201726, 2021 is as follows:
Nonvested UnitsTotalWeighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
per Unit
Nonvested as of February 26, 20212,285,965 $12.11 
Granted1,155,818 13.89 
Vested(121,384)12.95 
Forfeited(65,085)12.92 
Nonvested as of November 26, 20213,255,314 $12.58 

9.     LEASES
We have operating leases for corporate offices, sales offices, showrooms, manufacturing facilities, vehicles and equipment that expire at various dates through 2035. Certain lease agreements include contingent rental payments based on per unit usage over contractual levels (e.g., miles driven or machine hours used) and others include rental payments adjusted periodically for inflationary indexes. Additionally, some leases include options to renew or terminate the leases which can be exercised at our discretion.
The components of lease expense are as follows:
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Operating lease cost$13.2 $12.8 $39.5 $38.8 
Sublease rental income(0.5)(0.7)(1.4)(1.6)
$12.7 $12.1 $38.1 $37.2 
Supplemental cash flow and other information related to leases are as follows:
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Cash flow information:
Operating cash flows used for operating leases$13.6 $12.6 $40.4 $37.3 
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease obligations$17.0 $0.7 $34.3 $2.6 
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Other information:
Weighted-average remaining term6.2 years6.7 years
Weighted-average discount rate3.6 %4.0 %






14
Nonvested UnitsTotal
Weighted-Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
per Unit
Nonvested as of February 24, 20171,731,507
$16.38
Granted780,321
16.51
Vested(132,238)16.94
Forfeited(32,088)16.22
Nonvested as of November 24, 20172,347,502
$16.39

11

STEELCASE INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

The following table summarizes the future minimum lease payments as of November 26, 2021:
8.REPORTABLE SEGMENTS
Fiscal year ending in FebruaryAmount (1)
2022$13.1 
202350.2 
202445.8 
202543.2 
202634.2 
Thereafter81.3 
Total lease payments$267.8 
Less: Interest28.3 
Present value of lease liabilities$239.5 

(1)Lease payments include options to extend lease terms that are reasonably certain of being exercised. The payments exclude legally binding minimum lease payments for leases signed but not yet commenced.
10.ACQUISITIONS
Viccarbe Habitat, S.L.
In Q3 2022, we acquired Viccarbe Habitat, S.L. ("Viccarbe"), a Spanish designer of contemporary furniture for high-performance collaborative and social spaces. The transaction included the purchase of all the outstanding capital stock of Viccarbe for $34.9 (or €30.0), less an adjustment for working capital estimated at $1.5 (or €1.3), in an all-cash transaction using cash on-hand. An additional amount of $15.1 (or €13.0) is payable to the sellers based upon the achievement of certain sales and operating income targets over a three year period. This amount was considered to be contingent consideration and was treated for accounting purposes as part of the total purchase price of the acquisition. We used the Monte Carlo simulation model to calculate the fair value of the contingent consideration as of the acquisition date, which represents a Level 3 measurement. As a result, we recorded a related liability of $4.9 (or €4.2). An additional amount of $7.0 (or €6.0) is also payable to the sellers based upon the achievement of certain milestones and continued employment over a five year period, which will be expensed over the service period on a straight-line basis.
Tangible assets and liabilities of Viccarbe were valued as of the acquisition date using a market analysis and intangible assets were valued using a discounted cash flow analysis, which represents a Level 3 measurement. On the acquisition date, we recorded $11.7 related to identifiable intangible assets, $25.6 related to goodwill and $5.3 related to tangible assets. The tangible assets mainly consisted of working capital (primarily accounts receivable, inventory and accounts payable), property, plant and equipment and deferred tax liabilities. The goodwill was recorded in the EMEA segment and is not deductible for income tax purposes in Spain. The goodwill resulting from the acquisition is primarily related to the growth potential of Viccarbe and our intention to expand the manufacturing of Viccarbe products in geographic regions outside of EMEA and offer Viccarbe products through our global distribution network. Intangible assets are principally related to the Viccarbe trade name, dealer relationships and internally developed know-how and designs, which will be amortized over periods ranging from 9 to 13 years from the date of acquisition. The purchase price allocation for the acquisition was incomplete as of November 26, 2021. The amounts recognized related to the purchase price allocation will be finalized no later than one year after the acquisition date.
The following table summarizes the acquired identified intangible assets and the respective fair value and useful life of each asset at the date of acquisition:
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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Other Intangible Assets
Useful Life
(Years)
Fair Value
Trademark9.0$4.6 
Dealer relationships13.03.8 
Know-how/designs9.03.3 
$11.7 
The fair value of the acquired intangible assets will be amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining useful life. The estimated amortization expense for the next five years is as follows:
Fiscal Year Ending in FebruaryAmount
2022$0.4 
20231.1 
20241.1 
20251.2 
20261.1 
$4.9 
11.     REPORTABLE SEGMENTS
Our reportable segments consist of the Americas segment, the EMEA segment and the Other category. Unallocated corporate costsexpenses are reported as Corporate.
The Americas segment serves customers in the U.S., Canada, the Caribbean Islands and Latin America with a comprehensive portfolio of integrated architecture, furniture, architectural and technology products marketed to corporate, government, healthcare, education and retail customers through the Steelcase, Coalesse, Smith System, AMQ, Orangebox and TurnstoneViccarbe brands.
The EMEA segment serves customers in Europe, the Middle East and Africa primarily under the Steelcase, Orangebox, Coalesse and CoalesseViccarbe brands, with an emphasis on freestandinga comprehensive portfolio of furniture, systems, storagearchitectural and seating solutions.technology products.
The Other category includes Asia Pacific Designtex and PolyVision.Designtex. Asia Pacific serves customers in AsiaAustralia, China, India, Japan, Korea and Australiaother countries in Southeast Asia primarily under the Steelcase brand with an emphasis on freestandinga comprehensive portfolio of furniture, systems, seatingarchitectural and storage solutions.technology products. Designtex primarily sells textiles, wall coverings and surface imaging solutions specified by architects and designers directly to end-use customers through a direct sales force primarily in North America. PolyVision manufactures ceramic steel surfaces
We primarily review and evaluate revenue and operating income by segment in both our internal review processes and for use in various applications globally, including static whiteboardsour external financial reporting. We also allocate resources primarily based on revenue and chalkboards sold through third party fabricators and distributors to the primary and secondary education markets and architectural panelsoperating income. Total assets by segment include manufacturing and other special applications sold through general contractors for commercial and infrastructure projects.assets associated with each segment.
Corporate costs include unallocated portions of shared service functions such as information technology, corporate facilities, finance, human resources, research, legal and customer aviation, plus deferred compensation expense and income or losses associated with COLI. Corporate assets consist primarily of unallocated cash short-term investments and COLI.cash equivalents, COLI, fixed assets and right-of-use assets related to operating leases.
Revenue and operating income (loss) for the three and nine months endedNovember 24, 2017 and November 25, 2016 and total assets as of November 24, 2017 and February 24, 2017 by segment are presented below:
16
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Reportable Segment Statement of Operations DataNovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Revenue 
  
     
Americas$552.8
 $576.7
 $1,656.3
 $1,668.1
 
EMEA141.1
 135.5
 372.4
 373.6
 
Other78.2
 74.3
 254.1
 221.6
 
 $772.1
 $786.5
 $2,282.8
 $2,263.3
 
Operating income (loss) 
  
  
  
 
Americas$47.6
 $59.7
 $147.1
 $184.3
 
EMEA(3.3) 2.7
 (15.5) (14.9) 
Other2.6
 3.1
 15.9
 8.8
 
Corporate(8.4) (10.9) (24.9) (28.4) 
 $38.5
 $54.6
 $122.6
 $149.8
 

Reportable Segment Balance Sheet DataNovember 24,
2017
February 24,
2017
Total assets 
  
 
Americas$1,016.4
 $960.7
 
EMEA303.2
 297.4
 
Other211.2
 191.1
 
Corporate317.7
 342.8
 
 $1,848.5
 $1,792.0
 

12

STEELCASE INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

9.SUBSEQUENT EVENT
OnRevenue and operating income (loss) for the three and nine months ended November 28, 2017, the Company announced the pending acquisition26, 2021 and November 27, 2020 and total assets as of AMQ Solutions, a California-based provider of height adjustable desking, benchingNovember 26, 2021 and seating for workstationsFebruary 26, 2021 by segment are presented in the open plan, collaborative environmentsfollowing table:
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Reportable Segment Statement of Operations DataNovember 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Revenue  
Americas$500.3 $416.4 $1,399.9 $1,381.5 
EMEA168.2 143.3 430.7 368.7 
Other69.7 57.8 189.0 168.9 
 $738.2 $617.5 $2,019.6 $1,919.1 
Operating income (loss)  
Americas$11.1 $13.8 $40.8 $84.9 
EMEA8.3 (3.7)1.0 (31.8)
Other2.0 (2.2)(7.5)(2.7)
Corporate(5.5)(7.9)(16.3)(14.1)
 $15.9 $— $18.0 $36.3 
Reportable Segment Balance Sheet DataNovember 26,
2021
February 26,
2021
Total assets  
Americas$1,103.6 $1,015.3 
EMEA479.2 414.4 
Other227.0 211.3 
Corporate509.0 713.0 
 $2,318.8 $2,354.0 
17

Item 2.Management’s Discussion and training rooms. The proposed transaction includes the purchaseAnalysis of all outstanding membership interestsFinancial Condition and Results of AMQ and certain assets of an affiliated company in an all cash transaction. The acquisition is expected to be completed during the Company's fourth quarter of 2018, subject to customary closing conditions and regulatory approvals.Operations:

Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations:
This management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 24, 2017.26, 2021. Reference to a year relates to the fiscal year, ended in February of the year indicated, rather than the calendar year, unless indicated by a specific date. Additionally, Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 reference the first, second, third and fourth quarter, respectively, of the fiscal year indicated. All amounts are in millions, except share and per share data, data presented as a percentage or as otherwise indicated.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
This item contains certain non-GAAP financial measures. A “non-GAAP financial measure” is defined as a numerical measure of a company’s financial performance that excludes or includes amounts so as to be different than the most directly comparable measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP in the condensed consolidated statements of income, balance sheets or statements of cash flows of the company. Pursuant to the requirements of Regulation G, we have provided a reconciliation below of the non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure.
The non-GAAP financial measures used are:are (1) organic revenue growth (decline), which represents the change in revenue excluding estimated currency translation effects and the impacts of acquisitions and divestitures and estimated currency translation effects, and (2) adjusted operating income (loss), which represents operating income (loss) excluding goodwill impairment charges and restructuring costs (benefits).costs. These measures are presented because management uses this information to monitor and evaluate financial results and trends. Therefore, management believes this information is also useful for investors.
Financial Summary


Our reportable segments consist of the Americas segment, the EMEA segment and the Other category. Unallocated corporate costsexpenses are reported as Corporate.
Results of Operations
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Statement of Operations DataNovember 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Revenue$738.2 100.0 %$617.5 100.0 %$2,019.6 100.0 %$1,919.1 100.0 %
Cost of sales534.6 72.4 437.3 70.9 1,454.5 72.0 1,339.7 69.8 
Restructuring costs— — 2.3 0.3 — — 9.2 0.5 
Gross profit203.6 27.6 177.9 28.8 565.1 28.0 570.2 29.7 
Operating expenses187.7 25.4 168.8 27.3 547.1 27.1 498.5 26.0 
Goodwill impairment charge— — — — — — 17.6 0.9 
Restructuring costs— — 9.1 1.5 — — 17.8 0.9 
Operating income15.9 2.2 — — 18.0 0.9 36.3 1.9 
Interest expense(6.5)(0.9)(6.6)(1.1)(19.3)(1.0)(20.7)(1.2)
Investment income0.1 — 0.2 — 0.4 — 1.2 0.1 
Other income, net2.5 0.3 2.2 0.4 3.5 0.2 7.0 0.4 
Income (loss) before income tax expense (benefit)12.0 1.6 (4.2)(0.7)2.6 0.1 23.8 1.2 
Income tax expense (benefit)2.4 0.3 (6.3)(1.0)(3.6)(0.2)4.3 0.2 
Net income$9.6 1.3 %$2.1 0.3 %$6.2 0.3 %$19.5 1.0 %
Earnings per share:    
Basic$0.08  $0.02  $0.05  $0.17   
Diluted$0.08  $0.02  $0.05  $0.17   
18

 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Statement of Operations DataNovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Revenue$772.1
 100.0 % $786.5
 100.0 % $2,282.8
 100.0 % $2,263.3
 100.0 %
Cost of sales520.3
 67.4
 524.6
 66.7
 1,529.8
 67.0
 1,504.3
 66.5
Restructuring costs
 
 
 
 
 
 4.2
 0.2
Gross profit251.8
 32.6
 261.9
 33.3
 753.0
 33.0
 754.8
 33.3
Operating expenses213.3
 27.6
 207.5
 26.4
 630.4
 27.6
 604.5
 26.7
Restructuring costs (benefits)
 
 (0.2) 
 
 
 0.5
 
Operating income38.5
 5.0
 54.6
 6.9
 122.6
 5.4
 149.8
 6.6
Interest expense(4.3) (0.6) (4.3) (0.6) (13.0) (0.6) (12.9) (0.6)
Investment income0.3
 
 0.4
 0.1
 1.1
 
 1.2
 0.1
Other income, net3.2
 0.5
 4.1
 0.5
 6.1
 0.3
 8.0
 0.4
Income before income tax expense37.7
 4.9
 54.8
 6.9
 116.8
 5.1
 146.1
 6.5
Income tax expense12.0
 1.6
 13.6
 1.7
 36.1
 1.6
 47.3
 2.1
Net income$25.7
 3.3 % $41.2
 5.2 % $80.7
 3.5 % $98.8
 4.4 %
Earnings per share: 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Basic$0.22
  
 $0.34
  
 $0.68
  
 $0.82
  
Diluted$0.22
  
 $0.34
  
 $0.67
  
 $0.81
  
Q3 2022 Organic Revenue GrowthAmericasEMEAOtherConsolidated
Q3 2021 revenue$416.4 $143.3 $57.8 $617.5 
Acquisitions12.2 0.7 — 12.9 
Currency translation effects*0.7 (0.8)0.4 0.3 
Q3 2021 revenue, adjusted429.3 143.2 58.2 630.7 
Q3 2022 revenue500.3 168.2 69.7 738.2 
Organic growth $$71.0 $25.0 $11.5 $107.5 
Organic growth %17 %17 %20 %17 %
* Currency translation effects represent the estimated net effect of translating Q3 2021 foreign currency revenues using the average exchange rates during Q3 2022.


Year-to-date 2022 Organic Revenue Growth (Decline)AmericasEMEAOtherConsolidated
Year-to-date 2021 revenue$1,381.5 $368.7 $168.9 $1,919.1 
Acquisitions38.1 0.7 — 38.8 
Currency translation effects*4.9 15.6 3.6 24.1 
Year-to-date 2021 revenue, adjusted1,424.5 385.0 172.5 1,982.0 
Year-to-date 2022 revenue1,399.9 430.7 189.0 2,019.6 
Organic growth (decline) $$(24.6)$45.7 $16.5 $37.6 
Organic growth (decline) %(2)%12 %10 %%
* Currency translation effects represent the estimated net effect of translating year-to-date 2021 foreign currency revenues using the average exchange rates during year-to-date 2022.
Q3 2018 Organic Revenue Growth (Decline)AmericasEMEAOtherConsolidated
Q3 2017 revenue$576.7
 $135.5
 $74.3
 $786.5
 
Divestitures(3.3) (1.1) 
 (4.4) 
Currency translation effects*1.5
 8.8
 1.0
 11.3
 
   Q3 2017 revenue, adjusted574.9
 143.2
 75.3
 793.4
 
Q3 2018 revenue552.8
 141.1
 78.2
 772.1
 
Organic growth (decline) $$(22.1) $(2.1) $2.9
 $(21.3) 
Organic growth (decline) %(4)% (1)% 4% (3)% 
         
* Currency translation effects represent the estimated net effect of translating Q3 2017 foreign currency revenues using the average exchange rates during Q3 2018.


Reconciliation of Operating Income to Adjusted Operating IncomeThree Months EndedNine Months Ended
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Operating income$15.9 2.2 %$— — %$18.0 0.9 %$36.3 1.9 %
Add: Goodwill impairment charge— — — — — — 17.6 0.9 
Add: Restructuring costs— — 11.4 1.8 — — 27.0 1.4 
Adjusted operating income$15.9 2.2 %$11.4 1.8 %$18.0 0.9 %$80.9 4.2 %
Year-to-Date 2018 Organic Revenue Growth (Decline)AmericasEMEAOtherConsolidated
Year-to-date 2017 revenue$1,668.1
 $373.6
 $221.6
 $2,263.3
 
Divestitures(3.3) (2.9) 
 (6.2) 
Currency translation effects*0.8
 4.7
 0.6
 6.1
 
   Year-to-date 2017 revenue, adjusted1,665.6
 375.4
 222.2
 2,263.2
 
Year-to-date 2018 revenue1,656.3
 372.4
 254.1
 2,282.8
 
Organic growth (decline) $$(9.3) $(3.0) $31.9
 $19.6
 
Organic growth (decline) %(1)% (1)% 14% 1% 
         
* Currency translation effects represent the estimated net effect of translating year-to-date 2017 foreign currency revenues using the average exchange rates during year-to-date 2018.

 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Reconciliation of Operating Income to
Adjusted Operating Income
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Operating income$38.5
 5.0% $54.6
 6.9% $122.6
 5.4% $149.8
 6.6%
Add: restructuring costs (benefits)
 
 (0.2) 
 
 
 4.7
 0.2
Adjusted operating income$38.5
 5.0% $54.4
 6.9% $122.6
 5.4% $154.5
 6.8%
Overview
In
During Q3 2018,2022, we postedcontinued to see strengthening demand and a 2% revenue declinebroader recovery of our industry. Our orders grew by 40% compared to the prior year, drivenand revenue increased by a 4% decline20% compared to the prior year. Supply chain disruptions in the Americas partially offset by 4% growth in EMEA and 5% growth in the Other category.current year resulted in extended lead-times, shipment delays and adjustments to delivery schedules which we estimate caused at least $35 of revenue to shift from Q3 2022 into Q4 2022 compared to at least $40 of revenue which we estimate shifted from Q2 2022 to Q3 2022 for similar reasons. Revenue in the AmericasQ3 2021 was negatively impacted by continued declinesa delay of approximately $60 of shipments to Q4 2021 due to a temporary global operations shutdown we implemented to protect our systems during a cyberattack. During the quarter, our pipeline of project opportunities, requests for proposals and product mock-ups remained consistent with the levels we saw in legacy furniture applications and reduced demand for day-to-day business.  Orders for day-to-day businessQ2 2022.
The supply chain disruptions in the Americas, were flatcombined with continued significant inflation in Novembersteel and other commodities, net of pricing benefits, had an impact of approximately $40 on cost of sales in Q3 2022 compared to the prior year following significant declines earlier inyear. We expect the quarter. We have been receiving positive feedbacksupply chain disruptions and inflationary pressures from our customerssteel and dealers fromother commodities to continue to impact our new product introductions, partnership offerings and the pending acquisition of AMQ Solutions, and the number of large project opportunities and our project win rates have been increasing.
Operating income declined compared to the prior year due to lower sales volume, increases in cost of sales as a percentagein Q4 2022 and into 2023, but we expect our recent price increases to offset the current level of revenue and higher operating expenses. The increaseinflation in operating expenses reflected continued investments in product development, sales, marketing and information technology that support our strategies, including developing new products, enhancements and applications, expanding ancillary offerings and marketing partnerships, addressing product gaps and pursuing other areas for growth.2023.
Q3 20182022 Compared to Q3 20172021
We recorded net income of $25.7$9.6 and diluted earnings per share of $0.22$0.08 in Q3 20182022 compared to net income of $41.2$2.1 and diluted earnings per share of $0.34$0.02 in Q3 2017.the prior year. The Q3 2017prior year results included a benefit related torestructuring costs in the outcome of a tax audit in EMEA that had a favorable impact onAmericas, which decreased net income by $7.0 and diluted earnings per share by $0.06.
19

Operating income of $38.5$15.9 in Q3 20182022 compared to break-even operating income in the prior year, which included $11.4 of $54.6 in Q3 2017.restructuring costs. The Q3 2018 results wereincrease was driven by lowerhigher revenue, in the Americas,partially offset by higher cost of sales as a percentage of revenue.
Revenue of $738.2 in Q3 2022 represented an increase of $120.7 or 20% compared to the prior year, driven by growth across all segments. Supply chain disruptions in the Americas in the current year resulted in extended lead-times, shipment delays and adjustments to delivery schedules which we estimate caused at least $35 of revenue in EMEA, and higher operating expenses globally. After adjustingto shift from Q3 2022 into Q4 2022 compared to at least $40 of revenue which we estimate shifted from Q2 2022 to Q3 2022 for the impact of restructuring benefitssimilar reasons. Revenue in the prior year operating incomewas negatively impacted by a delay of $38.5approximately $60 of shipments to Q4 2021 as a result of the temporary operations shutdown in Q3 20182021. Revenue grew by 20% in the Americas, 17% in EMEA and 21% in the Other category compared to adjusted operating incomethe prior year. After adjusting for a $12.9 impact from acquisitions and $0.3 of $54.4 in Q3 2017.

Revenue of $772.1 in Q3 2018 represented a decrease of $14.4currency translation effects, the organic revenue growth was $107.5 or 2%17% compared to the prior year. The decrease inorganic revenue growth was driven by lower revenue17% in the Americas, partially offset by growth of 4%17% in EMEA and 5%20% in the Other category. After adjusting for $11.3 of favorable currency translation effects and a $4.4 unfavorable impact due to divestitures, the organic revenue decline was $21.3 or 3% compared to the prior year. On an organic basis, revenue in the Americas declined by 4%, revenue in EMEA declined by 1% and revenue in the Other category grew by 4% compared to the prior year.
Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue increased by 70150 basis points to 67.4% of revenue in Q3 20182022 compared to Q3 2017.the prior year. The increase was driven by approximately $29 of higher inflation costs, net of pricing benefits, and approximately $11 of higher freight and labor costs and inefficiencies due to supply chain disruptions, partially offset by the benefits of higher revenue. Cost of sales as a 40percentage of revenue increased by 430 basis point increasepoints in the Americas, while EMEA improved by 490 basis points and a 210the Other category improved by 150 basis point increase in EMEA. The increase in the Americas was driven by the impacts of unfavorable shifts in business mix, lower volume and approximately $1 of higher commodity costs, partially offset by benefits associated with cost reduction efforts. The increase in EMEA was driven by unfavorable out-of-period accounting adjustments in the current quarter compared to favorable items in the prior year; benefits from gross margin improvement initiatives were offset by various operational inefficiencies and higher commodity costs.points.
Operating expenses of $213.3$187.7 in Q3 20182022 represented an increase of $5.8 or 120$18.9, but a decline of 190 basis points as a percentage of revenue, compared to the prior year. The increased spending compared to the priorcurrent year reflected investments in product development, sales,included approximately $13 of higher marketing and information technologysales expenses, approximately $6 of higher discretionary spending and employee costs in support of our strategies,other functional areas and $3.5 from acquisitions, partially offset by $8$2.9 of lower variable compensation expense.
Our Q3 2022 effective tax rate in Q3 2018 was 31.8% compared to a Q3 2017 effective20.0%, which included $1.2 of discrete tax ratebenefits. In the prior year, we recorded an income tax benefit of 24.8%. The Q3 2018 rate$6.3, which was belowprimarily driven by benefits available under the U.S. federal statutory tax rateCoronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act.

Year-to-date 2022 Compared to Year-to-date 2021
We recorded year-to-date 2022 net income of 35% primarily due$6.2 and diluted earnings per share of $0.05 compared to favorable tax adjustments recorded in connection with filing our 2017 U.S. tax return. The Q3 2017 rate was belowyear-to-date 2021 net income of $19.5 and diluted earnings per share of $0.17. In year-to-date 2021, the U.S. federal statutory tax rate primarily due toresults included: (1) a benefitgoodwill impairment charge related to the outcomeEMEA segment, which had the effect of a tax audit in EMEA.
Year-to-Date 2018 Compared to Year-to-Date 2017
We recorded year-to-date 2018decreasing net income by $17.6 and diluted earnings per share by $0.15, and (2) restructuring costs due to workforce reductions in the Americas, which had the effect of $80.7 compared to year-to-date 2017decreasing net income by $16.5 and diluted earnings per share by $0.14. Year-to-date 2022 operating income of $98.8.$18.0 represented a decrease of $18.3 compared to the prior year. The declinedecrease was driven bydue to higher cost of sales as a percentage of revenue and higher operating expenses, partially offset by higher sales volume inrevenue and the Other category. The year-to-date 2018 results reflected the net impact of the salegoodwill impairment charge and restructuring costs in the prior year. Excluding the impact of propertythe goodwill impairment charge and restructuring costs in Rosenheim, Germany and a favorable tax adjustment recorded in Q2 2018 which together increased diluted earnings per sharethe prior year, adjusted operating income decreased by approximately $0.05, partially offset by the defined benefit plan annuitizations recorded in Q1 2018 which decreased diluted earnings per share by approximately $0.03.$62.9 in year-to-date 2022 compared to year-to-date 2021.
Year-to-date 2018Year-to-date 2022 revenue of $2,282.8$2,019.6 represented an increase of $19.5$100.5 or 1%5% compared to year-to-date 2017. The increase2021. Revenue increased by 1% in revenue was driven by higher volumethe Americas, 17% in EMEA and 12% in the Other category partially offset by lower volume in the Americas. After adjusting for $6.1 of favorable currency translation effects and a $6.2 unfavorable impact due to divestitures, the organic revenue increase was $19.6 or 1%. On an organic basis, revenue increased by 14% in the Other category, while the Americas and EMEA each declined 1% compared to the prior year.
Cost After adjusting for $38.8 of sales increased by 50 basis points to 67.0%impact from acquisitions and $24.1 of currency translation effects, the organic revenue in year-to-date 2018 compared to year-to-date 2017. The increasegrowth was due to a 100 basis point increase in the Americas, partially offset by an improvement of 150 basis points in the Other category. The increase in the Americas was driven by approximately $6 of higher commodity costs, investments in support of product development and manufacturing agility, unfavorable shifts in business mix and $3.4 of charges associated with the defined benefit plan annuitizations recorded in Q1 2018, partially offset by benefits associated with ongoing cost reduction efforts and $6.0 of lower warranty costs$37.6 or 2% compared to the prior year. The improvementAmericas had an organic revenue decline of 2%, while the organic revenue growth was 12% in EMEA and 10% in the Other category compared to the prior year.
Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue increased by 220 basis points in year-to-date 2022 compared to year-to-date 2021. The increase was driven by the impactapproximately $57 of higher inflation costs, net of pricing benefits, and approximately $16 of higher freight and labor costs and inefficiencies due to supply chain disruptions, partially offset by the benefits of higher revenue and $6.6 of lower variable compensation expense. Cost of sales volume.as a percentage of revenue increased by 370 basis points in the Americas and by 220 basis points in the Other category, while EMEA improved by 320 basis points.
Operating expenses of $630.4$547.1 in year-to-date 20182022 represented an increase of $25.9$48.6, or 90110 basis points as a percentage of revenue, comparedcompared to the prior year. The increased spending compared to the prior year reflected investments in product development, sales,included approximately $41 of lower employee costs as a result of temporary hour and pay reductions and gains of $6.7 from the sale of land. The current year included approximately $26 of higher marketing and information technology,sales expenses, approximately $11 of higher discretionary spending in other functional areas and $9.5 from acquisitions, partially offset by approximately $10$18 of lower
20

employee costs (due to the benefits from workforce reductions in the prior year), a $15.4 gain from the sale of land and $9.6 of lower variable compensation expense.
There were no restructuring costs in year-to-date 2018 compared to net restructuring costs of $4.7 in year-to-date 2017. The year-to-date 2017 amount included costs related to the closure of a manufacturing facility in High Point, North Carolina, the closure of a manufacturing facility in Durlangen, Germany and the establishment of the Learning + Innovation Center in Munich, Germany.
Our year-to-date 20182022 effective tax rate was 30.9% (138.5)% compared to a year-to-date 20172021 effective tax rate of 32.4%18.1%. The year-to-date 2018 rate was below the U.S. federal statutory2022 effective tax rate included $4.6 of 35% primarily due to favorablediscrete tax adjustmentsbenefits. The year-to-date 2021 effective tax rate reflected the non-deductible nature of the goodwill impairment charge recorded in year-to-date 2018. The year-to-date 2017 rate was below the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 35% due to the same factor as the quarter.Q1 2021.

16

STEELCASE INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

Interest Expense, Investment Income and Other Income, Net
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Interest Expense, Investment Income and Other Income, NetNovember 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Interest expense$(6.5)$(6.6)$(19.3)$(20.7)
Investment income0.1 0.2 0.4 1.2 
Other income, net:    
Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliates2.2 2.6 4.5 6.6 
Foreign exchange gains (losses)0.9 0.1 0.6 (1.0)
Net periodic pension and post-retirement credit, excluding service cost(0.2)— (0.5)(0.1)
Miscellaneous income (expense), net(0.4)(0.5)(1.1)1.5 
Total other income, net2.5 2.2 3.5 7.0 
Total interest expense, investment income and other income, net$(3.9)$(4.2)$(15.4)$(12.5)
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Interest Expense, Investment Income and Other Income, NetNovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Interest expense$(4.3) $(4.3) $(13.0) $(12.9)
Investment income0.3
 0.4
 1.1
 1.2
Other income (expense), net: 
  
  
  
Equity in income of unconsolidated affiliates4.7
 2.7
 10.3
 7.4
Foreign exchange gains (losses)(0.8) 2.1
 (3.0) 2.8
Miscellaneous, net(0.7) (0.7) (1.2) (2.2)
Total other income, net3.2
 4.1
 6.1
 8.0
Total interest expense, investment income and other income, net$(0.8) $0.2
 $(5.8) $(3.7)
Interest expense in year-to-date 2021 included the impact of borrowings under our global credit facility in Q1 2021, which were repaid during Q2 2021. Other income, net in year-to-date 2021 included a $2.8 gain related to additional proceeds received in the prior year from the partial sale of an investment in an unconsolidated affiliate in 2018.
Business Segment Review
See Note 810 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information regarding our business segments.
Americas
The Americas segment serves customers in the U.S., Canada, the Caribbean Islands and Latin America with a comprehensive portfolio of integrated architecture, furniture, architectural and technology products marketed to corporate, government, healthcare, education and retail customers through the Steelcase, Coalesse, Smith System, AMQ, Orangebox and TurnstoneViccarbe brands.
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Statement of Operations Data — AmericasNovember 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Revenue$500.3 100.0 %$416.4 100.0 %$1,399.9 100.0 %$1,381.5 100.0 %
Cost of sales370.3 74.0 290.4 69.7 1,015.4 72.5 950.8 68.8 
Restructuring costs— — 2.3 0.6 — — 9.2 0.7 
Gross profit130.0 26.0 123.7 29.7 384.5 27.5 421.5 30.5 
Operating expenses118.9 23.8 100.8 24.2 343.7 24.6 318.8 23.1 
Restructuring costs— — 9.1 2.2 — — 17.8 1.3 
Operating income$11.1 2.2 %$13.8 3.3 %$40.8 2.9 %$84.9 6.1 %
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Statement of Operations Data — AmericasNovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Revenue$552.8
 100.0% $576.7
 100.0% $1,656.3
 100.0% $1,668.1
 100.0%
Cost of sales367.8
 66.5
 381.3
 66.1
 1,093.6
 66.0
 1,084.5
 65.0
Restructuring costs
 
 
 
 
 
 2.6
 0.2
Gross profit185.0
 33.5
 195.4
 33.9
 562.7
 34.0
 581.0
 34.8
Operating expenses137.4
 24.9
 135.7
 23.5
 415.6
 25.1
 396.7
 23.8
Restructuring costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating income$47.6
 8.6% $59.7
 10.4% $147.1
 8.9% $184.3
 11.0%

Reconciliation of Operating Income to Adjusted Operating Income — AmericasThree Months EndedNine Months Ended
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Operating income$11.1 2.2 %$13.8 3.3 %$40.8 2.9 %$84.9 6.1 %
Add: Restructuring costs— — 11.4 2.8 — — 27.0 2.0 
Adjusted operating income$11.1 2.2 %$25.2 6.1 %$40.8 2.9 %$111.9 8.1 %
21

 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Reconciliation of Operating Income to
Adjusted Operating Income — Americas
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Operating income$47.6
 8.6% $59.7
 10.4% $147.1
 8.9% $184.3
 11.0%
Add: restructuring costs
 
 
 
 
 
 2.6
 0.2
Adjusted operating income$47.6
 8.6% $59.7
 10.4% $147.1
 8.9% $186.9
 11.2%
Table of Contents
Operating income in the Americas decreaseddeclined by $12.1 and $37.2, respectively,$2.7 in Q3 2018 and year-to-date 20182022 compared to the prior year. The decline in the quarter was driven by lower volume and higher operating expenses. The year-to-date results were driven by the same factors as the quarter, as well as higher cost of sales as a percentage of revenue. After adjusting forrevenue, partially offset by higher revenue and $11.4 of restructuring costs related to workforce reductions in the prior year. Excluding the impact of the restructuring costs in the prior year, adjusted operating income decreased by $14.1 in Q3 2022 compared to the prior year. Operating income in year-to-date 2022 represented a decrease of $44.1 compared to year-to-date 2021. The decrease was driven by higher cost of sales as a percentage of revenue and higher operating expenses, partially offset by higher revenue and $27.0 of restructuring costs in the prior year. Excluding the impact of restructuring costs in the prior year, operating income of $47.6 and $147.1 in Q3 2018 and year-to-date 2018, respectively, compared to2022 adjusted operating income represented a decrease of $59.7 and $186.9 in$71.1 compared to the prior year.
The Americas revenue represented 71.6%67.8% of consolidated revenue in Q3 2018. Revenue for2022. Q3 2018 was $552.8 compared to $576.7 in Q3 2017. The 4% decrease in2022 revenue was driven by continued declines in revenue associated with legacy furniture applications and reduced demand for day-to-day business. After adjusting for $1.5 of favorable currency translation effects and a $3.3 unfavorable impact due to a divestiture, the organic revenue decrease in Q3 2018 was $22.1$500.3 represented an increase of $83.9 or 4%20% compared to the prior year.

Supply chain disruptions in the Americas in the current year resulted in extended lead-times, shipment delays and adjustments to delivery schedules which we estimate caused at least $35 of revenue to shift from Q3 2022 into Q4 2022 compared to at least $40 of revenue which we estimate shifted from Q2 2022 to Q3 2022 for similar reasons. Revenue in the prior year was negatively impacted by a delay of approximately $50 of shipments to Q4 2021 as a result of the temporary operations shutdown in Q3 2021. After adjusting for a $12.2 impact from acquisitions and $0.7 of currency translation effects, the organic revenue growth was $71.0 or 17% compared to the prior year. Year-to-date 20182022 revenue of $1,656.3$1,399.9 represented a decreasean increase of $11.8$18.4 or 1% compared to year-to-date 2017. The 1% decrease was driven by the same factors as the quarter.2021. After adjusting for $0.8a $38.1 impact from acquisitions and $4.9 of favorable currency translation effects, and a $3.3 unfavorable impact due to a divestiture, the year-to-date 2018 organic revenue decreasedecline was $9.3$24.6 or 1%2% compared to the prior year.
Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue increased 40by 430 basis points in Q3 2018 compared to Q3 2017. The increase in the Americas was driven by the impacts of unfavorable shifts in business mix, lower volume and approximately $1 of higher commodity costs, partially offset by benefits associated with cost reduction efforts. Year-to-date 2018 cost of sales represented an increase of 100 basis points2022 compared to the prior year andyear. The increase was driven by approximately $6$27 of higher commodityinflation costs, net of pricing benefits, and approximately $10 of higher investments in support of product developmentfreight and manufacturing agility, unfavorable shifts in business mix,labor costs and $3.4 of charges associated with the defined benefit plan annuitizations,inefficiencies due to supply chain disruptions, partially offset by the benefits associated with ongoing cost reduction effortsof higher revenue. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue increased by 370 basis points in year-to-date 2022 compared to year-to-date 2021. The increase was driven by approximately $51 of higher inflation costs, net of pricing benefits, and $6.0approximately $15 of higher freight and labor costs and inefficiencies due to supply chain disruptions, partially offset by $5.6 of lower warranty costs compared to the prior year.variable compensation expense.
Operating expenses in Q3 20182022 increased by $1.7, or 140$18.1, but decreased by 40 basis points as a percentage of revenue, compared to the prior year. The current year primarily due toincluded approximately $11$13 of higher investments in product development, sales, marketing and information technology that support our product developmentsales expenses, approximately $5 of higher discretionary spending and growth strategies,employee costs in other functional areas and $2.8 from acquisitions, partially offset by approximately $7$1.6 of lower variable compensation expense and an approximately $2 favorable impact from a divestiture.expense. Operating expenses in year-to-date 2022 increased by $18.9,$24.9, or 130150 basis points as a percentage of revenue, in year-to-date 2018 compared to year-to-date 2021. The prior year included approximately $30 of lower employee costs as a result of temporary hour and pay reductions and gains of $6.7 from the sale of land. The current year included approximately $22 of higher marketing and sales expenses, approximately $7 of higher discretionary spending in other functional areas and $8.8 from acquisitions, partially offset by approximately $18 of lower employee costs (due to the benefits from workforce reductions in the prior yearyear), a $15.4 gain from the sale of land and was driven by the same factors as the quarter.
There were no restructuring costs recorded in the Americas in Q3 2018 or Q3 2017. There were no restructuring costs recorded in the Americas in year-to-date 2018 compared to restructuring costs$6.9 of $2.6 in year-to-date 2017 associated with the closure of the High Point manufacturing facility.lower variable compensation expense.
EMEA
The EMEA segment serves customers in Europe, the Middle East and Africa primarily under the Steelcase, Orangebox, Coalesse and CoalesseViccarbe brands, with an emphasis on freestandinga comprehensive portfolio of furniture, systems, seatingarchitectural and storage solutions.technology products.
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Statement of Operations Data — EMEANovember 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Revenue$168.2 100.0 %$143.3 100.0 %$430.7 100.0 %$368.7 100.0 %
Cost of sales118.1 70.2 107.7 75.2 309.0 71.7 276.4 75.0 
Gross profit50.1 29.8 35.6 24.8 121.7 28.3 92.3 25.0 
Operating expenses41.8 24.9 39.3 27.4 120.7 28.1 106.5 28.8 
Goodwill impairment charge— — — — — — 17.6 4.8 
Operating income (loss)$8.3 4.9 %$(3.7)(2.6)%$1.0 0.2 %$(31.8)(8.6)%
22

 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Statement of Operations Data — EMEANovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Revenue$141.1
 100.0 % $135.5
 100.0% $372.4
 100.0 % $373.6
 100.0 %
Cost of sales101.9
 72.2
 95.0
 70.1
 273.3
 73.4
 274.3
 73.4
Restructuring costs
 
 
 
 
 
 1.6
 0.4
Gross profit39.2
 27.8
 40.5
 29.9
 99.1
 26.6
 97.7
 26.2
Operating expenses42.5
 30.1
 38.0
 28.1
 114.6
 30.8
 112.1
 30.0
Restructuring costs (benefits)
 
 (0.2) 
 
 
 0.5
 0.2
Operating income (loss)$(3.3) (2.3)% $2.7
 1.8% $(15.5) (4.2)% $(14.9) (4.0)%
Reconciliation of Operating Income (Loss) to Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) — EMEAThree Months EndedNine Months Ended
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Operating income (loss)$8.3 4.9 %$(3.7)(2.6)%$1.0 0.2 %$(31.8)(8.6)%
Add: Goodwill impairment charge— — — — — — 17.6 4.8 
Adjusted operating income (loss)$8.3 4.9 %$(3.7)(2.6)%$1.0 0.2 %$(14.2)(3.8)%

Reconciliation of Operating Income (Loss) to Adjusted Operating Income (Loss) — EMEAThree Months EndedNine Months Ended
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Operating income (loss)$(3.3) (2.3)% $2.7
 1.8% $(15.5) (4.2)% $(14.9) (4.0)%
Add: restructuring costs (benefits)
 
 (0.2) 
 
 
 2.1
 0.6
Adjusted operating income (loss)$(3.3) (2.3)% $2.5
 1.8% $(15.5) (4.2)% $(12.8) (3.4)%
Operating results in EMEA declinedoperating income improved by $12.0 in Q3 2018 and year-to-date 20182022 compared to the prior year. The decline in Q3 2018increase was driven by higher revenue, lower cost of sales as a percentage of revenue and higherlower operating expenses. Theexpenses as a percentage of revenue. Operating income in EMEA in year-to-date decline was driven2022 improved by higher operating expenses,$32.8 compared to year-to-date 2021, which included a $4.0 gain on$17.6 goodwill impairment charge related to our Orangebox U.K. reporting unit. Adjusted for the sale ofgoodwill impairment charge, operating income improved by $15.2, driven by the Rosenheim property recorded in Q2 2018.

same factors as the quarter.
EMEA revenue represented 18.3%22.8% of consolidated revenue in Q3 2018. Revenue for2022. Q3 2018 was $141.12022 revenue of $168.2 represented an increase of $24.9 or 17% compared to $135.5the prior year. Revenue in the prior year was negatively impacted by a delay of approximately $10 of shipments to Q4 2021 as a result of the temporary operations shutdown in Q3 2017.2021. The increase in revenueQ3 2022 was broad-based across most markets, driven primarily by favorable currency translation effects and higher revenue in Iberia, partially offset by a declinegrowth in the United Kingdom, including Orangebox, and the Middle East.in Iberia. After adjusting for $8.8$0.8 of favorable currency translation effects and a $1.1 unfavorable$0.7 impact due to divestitures,from an acquisition, the organic revenue declinegrowth was $2.1$25.0 or 1%. For year-to-date 2018, revenue declined slightly17% compared to the prior year. Year-to-date 2022 revenue increased by $62.0 or 17% compared to year-to-date 2021. The increase was broad-based across most markets, driven by the same factors as the quarter. The increase was also impacted by a delay of approximately $10 of shipments in the prior year asto Q4 2021. After adjusting for $15.6 of currency translation effects and a $0.7 impact from an acquisition, the organic revenue growth in Eastern Europe andwas $45.7 or 12% compared to the Middle East was more than offset by lower volume in Germany, Central Europe and France.prior year.
Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue increased 210decreased by 490 basis points to 72.2% of revenue in Q3 20182022 compared to the prior year. The increase in EMEAimprovement was driven by unfavorable out-of-period accounting adjustmentshigher revenue, partially offset by approximately $1 of higher inflation costs, net of pricing benefits. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue decreased by 320 basis points in the current quarteryear-to-date 2022 compared to favorable itemsyear-to-date 2021. The improvement was driven by higher revenue and approximately $3 of benefits from shifts in the prior year. Benefits from gross margin improvement initiatives werebusiness mix, partially offset by various operational inefficiencies andapproximately $4 of higher commodity costs. Year-to-date 2018 costinflation costs, net of sales was 73.4% of revenue which is consistent with the prior year.pricing benefits.
Operating expenses in Q3 2018 and year-to-date 20182022 increased by $4.5 and $2.5, respectively,but decreased by 260 basis points as a percentage of revenue, compared to the prior year.year, which included approximately $2 of lower employee costs as a result of temporary hour and pay reductions. The increase in Q3 2018 reflected higher costs related to a sales and dealer conference, product development, our new Learning + Innovation Center in Munich, and severance. The year-to-date 2018remaining increase was driven by the same factors as the quarter,approximately $1 of higher discretionary spending and $0.7 from an acquisition, partially offset by $0.8 of lower variable compensation expense. Year-to-date 2022 operating expenses increased by $14.2, but decreased by 70 basis points as a $4.0 gain on the salepercentage of the Rosenheim property.
There were no restructuring costs in EMEA in Q3 2018revenue, compared to restructuring benefitsyear-to-date 2021, which included approximately $8 of $0.2 in Q3 2017.lower employee costs as a result of temporary hour and pay reductions. The restructuring benefits in Q3 2017 represented favorable adjustments to employee separation costs relating to the establishmentremaining increase was driven by approximately $4 of the Learning + Innovation Center in Munich. There were no restructuring costs in EMEA in year-to-date 2018 compared to restructuring costshigher marketing and sales expenses, approximately $3 of $2.1 in year-to-date 2017. The restructuring costs in year-to-date 2017 were associated with the closurehigher discretionary spending and $0.7 from an acquisition, partially offset by $1.7 of the Durlangen manufacturing facility and the establishment of the Learning + Innovation Center in Munich.lower variable compensation expense.
Other
The Other category includes Asia Pacific Designtex and PolyVision.Designtex. Asia Pacific serves customers in AsiaAustralia, China, India, Japan, Korea and Australiaother countries in Southeast Asia primarily under the Steelcase brand with an emphasis on freestandinga comprehensive portfolio of furniture, systems, seatingarchitectural and storage solutions.technology products. Designtex primarily sells textiles, wall coverings and surface imaging solutions specified by architects and designers directly to end-use customers through a direct sales force primarily in North America. PolyVision manufactures ceramic steel surfaces for use
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Statement of Operations Data — OtherNovember 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Revenue$69.7 100.0 %$57.8 100.0 %$189.0 100.0 %$168.9 100.0 %
Cost of sales46.2 66.3 39.2 67.8 130.1 68.8 112.5 66.6 
Gross profit23.5 33.7 18.6 32.2 58.9 31.2 56.4 33.4 
Operating expenses21.5 30.8 20.8 36.0 66.4 35.2 59.1 35.0 
Operating income (loss)$2.0 2.9 %$(2.2)(3.8)%$(7.5)(4.0)%$(2.7)(1.6)%

23

Operating income in various applications globally, including static whiteboards and chalkboards sold through third party fabricators and distributorsthe Other category improved by $4.2 in Q3 2022 compared to the primaryprior year. The improvement was driven by higher revenue, lower cost of sales as a percentage of revenue and secondary education markets and architectural panels and other special applications sold through general contractors for commercial and infrastructure projects.
 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Statement of Operations Data — OtherNovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Revenue$78.2
 100.0% $74.3
 100.0% $254.1
 100.0% $221.6
 100.0%
Cost of sales50.6
 64.7
 48.3
 64.9
 162.9
 64.1
 145.5
 65.6
Restructuring costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Gross profit27.6
 35.3
 26.0
 35.1
 91.2
 35.9
 76.1
 34.4
Operating expenses25.0
 32.0
 22.9
 30.8
 75.3
 29.6
 67.3
 30.4
Restructuring costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating income$2.6
 3.3% $3.1
 4.3% $15.9
 6.3% $8.8
 4.0%

 Three Months EndedNine Months Ended
Reconciliation of Operating Income to Adjusted Operating Income — OtherNovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Operating income$2.6
 3.3% $3.1
 4.3% $15.9
 6.3% $8.8
 4.0%
Add: restructuring costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted operating income$2.6
 3.3% $3.1
 4.3% $15.9
 6.3% $8.8
 4.0%

lower operating expenses as a percentage of revenue. Year-to-date 2022 operating results decreased by $4.8 compared to year-to-date 2021, driven by higher cost of sales as a percentage of revenue, partially offset by higher revenue.
Revenue in the Other category represented 10.1%9.4% of consolidated revenue in Q3 2018. Revenue in2022. Q3 2018 increased $3.9 or 5% compared to the prior year and reflected growth from all three businesses. Year-to-date 20182022 revenue of $254.1$69.7 represented an increase of $32.5$11.9 or 15%21% compared to the prior year. The increase included growth from all three businesses, with particular strength coming from Asia Pacific (ledwas primarily driven by China, Designtex and Japan, partially offset by India, Southeast Asia and China).
Operating results inAustralia. After adjusting for $0.4 of currency translation effects, the Other category declined slightly in Q3 2018organic revenue growth was $11.5 or 20% compared to the prior year. Lower operating performance in Asia PacificYear-to-date 2022 revenue of $189.0 represented an increase of $20.1 or 12% compared to year-to-date 2021. The increase was primarily driven by China, Designtex, Japan and Australia, partially offset by improved operating performance at PolyVision. Operating resultsIndia and Southeast Asia. After adjusting for $3.6 of currency translation effects, the organic revenue growth was $16.5 or 10% compared to the prior year.
Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue decreased by 150 basis points in year-to-date 2018 wereQ3 2022 compared to the prior year. The improvement was driven by strong performancehigher revenue and approximately $1 of benefits from shifts in Asia Pacific,business mix, partially offset by lower income at Designtex$0.7 of higher inflation costs, net of pricing benefits, and $0.5 of higher freight costs and inefficiencies due to supply chain disruptions. Cost of sales as a percentage of revenue increased by 220 basis points in year-to-date 2022 compared to the prior year. The increase was driven by approximately $2 of higher inflation costs, net of pricing benefits, and $1.5 of higher freight costs and inefficiencies due to supply chain disruptions, partially offset by approximately $1 of benefits from shifts in business mix.
Operating expenses in Q3 2022 increased by $0.7, but decreased by 520 basis points as a percentage of revenue compared to the prior year, driven by higher discretionary spending. Operating expenses in year-to-date 2022 increased by $7.3, or 20 basis points as a percentage of revenue compared to year-to-date 2021, which included $3.0approximately $6 of charges related tolower employee costs as a result of temporary pay reductions. The remaining increase was driven by the defined benefit plan annuitizations in Q1 2018.same factor as the quarter.
Corporate
Corporate costsexpenses include unallocated portions of shared service functions such as information technology, corporate facilities, finance, human resources, research, legal and customer aviation, plus deferred compensation expense and income or losses associated with COLI.
Three Months EndedNine Months Ended Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
Statement of Operations Data — CorporateNovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
November 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Statement of Operations Data — CorporateNovember 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
November 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Operating expenses$8.4
 $10.9
 $24.9
 $28.4
Operating expenses$5.5 $7.9 $16.3 $14.1 
The decrease in operating expenses in Q3 20182022 compared to the prior year was primarily due to higher COLI income, partially offsetdriven by higher deferred compensation expense. The decrease in year-to-date 2018 operating expenses was primarily due to$3.5 of lower deferred compensation expense, partially offset by $1.2 of lower COLI income. The increase in operating expenses in year-to-date 2022 was primarily driven by $3.5 of lower COLI income and higher COLI income compared toemployee costs as a result of temporary hour and pay reductions in the prior year.year, partially offset by $2.3 of lower deferred compensation expense.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Based on current business conditions, we target a range of $75 to $150 in cashCash and cash equivalents and short-term investmentsare used to fund day-to-day operations, including seasonal disbursements, particularly the annual payment of accrued variable compensation and retirement plan contributions in Q1 of each fiscal year. During normal business conditions, we target a range of $75 to $175 in cash and cash equivalents to fund operating requirements. In addition, we may carry additional liquidity for potential investments in strategic initiatives and as a cushion against economic volatility.volatility, and from time to time, we may allow our cash and cash equivalents to temporarily fall below our targeted range to fund acquisitions and other growth initiatives.
Liquidity SourcesNovember 26,
2021
February 26,
2021
Cash and cash equivalents$275.2 $489.8 
Company-owned life insurance170.0 169.5 
Availability under credit facilities270.6 265.9 
Total liquidity sources available$715.8 $925.2 
24

Table of Contents
Liquidity SourcesNovember 24,
2017
February 24,
2017
Cash and cash equivalents$244.1
 $197.1
Short-term investments
 73.4
Company-owned life insurance170.5
 168.8
Availability under credit facilities152.1
 150.3
Total liquidity$566.7
 $589.6
As of November 24, 2017,26, 2021, we held a total of $244.1$275.2 in cash and cash equivalents and no short-term investments. The short-term investments we held at the end of Q2 2018 were converted to cash and cash equivalents in Q3 2018 primarily to fund a pending acquisition. equivalents. Of ourthat total, $244.1 in cash and cash equivalents, approximately 76%79% was located in the U.S. and the remaining 24%21% was located outside of the U.S., primarily in China (including Hong Kong, France,Kong), Mexico, Singapore, Malaysia, India and China. The majority of amounts located outside the U.S. would be taxable if repatriated to the U.S. as dividends. However, such amountsSpain.
COLI investments are considered available to repay intercompany debt, available to meet local working capital requirements or permanently reinvested in foreign subsidiaries.
recorded at their net cash surrender value. Our investments in COLI policies are intended to be utilized as a long-term funding source for long-term employee benefit obligations. However, COLI can also be used as a source of liquidity for other purposes.liquidity. We believe the financial strength of the issuing insurance companies associated with our COLI policies is sufficient to meet their obligations. COLI investments are recorded at their net cash surrender value.
Availability under credit facilities may be reduced related to compliance with applicable covenants.

See Liquidity Facilities for more information.
The following table summarizes our condensed consolidated statementsCondensed Consolidated Statements of cash flowsCash Flows for the nine months ended November 24, 201726, 2021 and November 25, 2016:27, 2020:
 Nine Months Ended
Cash Flow DataNovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Net cash provided by (used in): 
  
Operating activities$95.1
 $104.0
Investing activities30.5
 (50.5)
Financing activities(81.3) (94.1)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents2.7
 (2.2)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents47.0
 (42.8)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period197.1
 181.9
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$244.1
 $139.1
Cash provided by operating activities
 Nine Months Ended
Cash Flow Data — Operating ActivitiesNovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Net income$80.7
 $98.8
Depreciation and amortization47.7
 44.7
Deferred income taxes(6.3) 5.2
Non-cash stock compensation15.5
 16.6
Other(10.4) (6.3)
Changes in accounts receivable, inventories and accounts payable(32.1) (9.9)
Changes in VAT recoverable8.2
 19.3
Changes in employee compensation liabilities(44.2) (41.5)
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities36.0
 (22.9)
Net cash provided by operating activities$95.1
 $104.0
The increased use of working capital in the current period was driven primarily by increases in accounts receivable from direct sell customers which have longer payment terms and increases in inventory to support new product launches and ensure continuity of supply. Changes in other operating assets and liabilities and deferred income taxes were primarily driven by timing of payments and collections related to various tax accounts and accrued expenses.
 Nine Months Ended
Cash Flow DataNovember 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Net cash provided by (used in):  
Operating activities$(59.1)$37.2 
Investing activities(51.3)(17.8)
Financing activities(101.5)(76.6)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents(1.6)1.8 
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash(213.5)(55.4)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period495.6 547.1 
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period$282.1 $491.7 
Cash provided by (used in) operating activities
 Nine Months Ended
Cash Flow Data — Operating ActivitiesNovember 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Net income$6.2 $19.5 
Depreciation and amortization62.2 64.1 
Goodwill impairment charge— 17.6 
Restructuring costs— 27.0 
Changes in accounts receivable, inventories and accounts payable(84.5)41.8 
Employee compensation liabilities(15.3)(130.5)
Employee benefit obligations(13.5)(25.2)
Changes in other operating assets and liabilities(14.2)22.9 
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities$(59.1)$37.2 
Annual payments related to accrued variable compensation and retirement plan contributions totaled $50.4 in year-to-date 2022 compared to $148.0 in year-to-date 2021. In year-to-date 2022, we used cash in working capital, primarily driven by increased inventory levels in connection with supply chain disruptions and increased accounts receivable due to revenue growth.
Cash used in investing activities
 Nine Months Ended
Cash Flow Data — Investing ActivitiesNovember 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Capital expenditures$(45.3)$(32.1)
Proceeds from disposal of fixed assets17.4 7.3 
Acquisition, net of cash acquired(32.6)— 
Other9.2 7.0 
Net cash used in investing activities$(51.3)$(17.8)
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 Nine Months Ended
Cash Flow Data — Investing ActivitiesNovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Capital expenditures$(58.3) $(40.4)
Purchases of investments(52.1) (94.3)
Liquidations of investments125.6
 82.6
Other15.3
 1.6
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities$30.5
 $(50.5)
Table of Contents
Capital expenditures in year-to-date 2018 included2022 primarily related to investments in our global manufacturing operations, information technology, product development and the new Learning + Innovation Center in Munich.
Liquidations of short-term investmentscustomer-facing facilities. Capital expenditures were higher compared to year-to-date 2021 due to reduced spending in the prior year as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. We sold land for proceeds of $17.2 in year-to-date 2018 due to the conversion of short-term investments to cash2022 and cash equivalents$7.1 in Q3 2018 primarily to fund a pending acquisition.
year-to-date 2021. Other investing activities in year-to-date 20182022 included $7.0 of proceeds from a divestitureCOLI policy maturities. Other investing activities in Q3 2018 and fixed asset disposalsyear-to-date 2021 included $3.3 of additional proceeds from the partial sale of an investment in Q2an unconsolidated affiliate in 2018.

Cash used in financing activities
 Nine Months Ended
Cash Flow Data — Financing ActivitiesNovember 26,
2021
November 27,
2020
Dividends paid$(45.9)$(31.8)
Common stock repurchases(54.0)(42.7)
Borrowings on lines of credit— 250.0 
Repayments on lines of credit— (250.0)
Other(1.6)(2.1)
Net cash used in financing activities$(101.5)$(76.6)
 Nine Months Ended
Cash Flow Data — Financing ActivitiesNovember 24,
2017
November 25,
2016
Dividends paid$(45.9) $(44.1)
Common stock repurchases(33.4) (48.3)
Excess tax benefit from vesting of stock awards
 (0.1)
Repayments of debt(2.0) (1.6)
Net cash used in financing activities$(81.3) $(94.1)
We paid dividends of $0.1275$0.10, $0.145 and $0.145 per common share in each of Q1 2018,2022, Q2 20182022 and Q3 20182022, respectively, and $0.12$0.07, $0.10 and $0.10 per common share in Q1 2017,2021, Q2 20172021 and Q3 2017.2021, respectively.
In year-to-date 2018,2022, we maderepurchased 3,991,083 shares of Class A common stock, repurchases of 2,393,969 shares, 393,969392,812 of which were made to satisfy participants' tax withholding obligations upon the vestingissuance of shares under equity awards, pursuant to the terms of theour Incentive Compensation Plan. In year-to-date 2017,2021, we maderepurchased 3,288,795 shares of Class A common stock, repurchases of 3,506,661 shares, 506,661288,795 of which were made to satisfy participants' tax withholding obligations upon the vestingissuance of shares under equity awards.awards, pursuant to the terms of our Incentive Compensation Plan.
As of the end of Q3 2018,November 26, 2021, we had $99.2$7.6 of remaining availability under the $150 share repurchase program approved by our Board of Directors in Q4 2016.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
During Q3 2018,2022, no material change in our off-balance sheet arrangements occurred.
Contractual Obligations
During Q3 2018,2022, no material change in our contractual obligations occurred.
Liquidity Facilities
Our total liquidity facilities as of November 24, 201726, 2021 were:
Liquidity FacilitiesNovember 24,
2017
Global committed bank facility$125.0
Various uncommitted lines27.1
Total credit lines available152.1
Less: Borrowings outstanding
Available capacity$152.1
Liquidity FacilitiesNovember 26,
2021
Global committed bank facility$250.0 
Other committed bank facility4.7 
Various uncommitted lines19.2 
Total credit lines available273.9 
Less: Borrowings outstanding(1.7)
Less: Other guarantees(1.6)
Available capacity$270.6 
We have a $125$250.0 global committed five-year bank facility which was entered into in Q3 2017.effect through 2025. As of November 24, 2017,26, 2021, there were no borrowings outstanding under the facility, our availability was not limited, and we were in compliance with all covenants under the facility.
We have a $12.5 committed bank facility related to a subsidiary, which has current availability of $4.7 based on eligible accounts receivable of the subsidiary. As of November 26, 2021, $1.7 was outstanding under the facility.
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Table of Contents
The various uncommitted lines may be changed or canceled by the banksapplicable lenders at any time. There were no borrowings outstanding, borrowingsand there were $1.6 of guarantees which reduced our availability, under the various uncommitted facilitieslines as of November 24, 2017.26, 2021.
In addition to the available capacity reflected in the table above, we have credit agreements totaling $46.0$33.9 which can be utilized to support bank guarantees, letters of credit bank guarantees or foreign exchange contracts;contracts. As of November 26, 2021, we had $12.7 in outstanding letters of credit and bank guarantees totaling $11.3 were outstanding under such facilities as of November 24, 2017.against these agreements. There were no draws onagainst our standby letters of credit during Q3 2018.year-to-date 2022 or year-to-date 2021.
Total consolidated debt as of November 24, 201726, 2021 was $295.6.$482.9. Our debt primarily consists of $249.0$444.6 in term notes due in 20212029 with an effective interest rate of 6.6%5.6%. In addition, we have a term loan with a balance of $35.5 as of November 24, 2017 of $46.0. This26, 2021. The term loan has a floating interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 1.20% and is due in Q1 2024. The term notes are unsecured, and the term loan is secured by our two corporate aircraft. The term notes and the term loan do not contain financial covenants and are not cross-defaulted to our other debt facilities.

Liquidity Outlook
Our currentAs of November 26, 2021, our total liquidity, which is comprised of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investment balances,the cash surrender value of COLI, aggregated to $445.2. Our liquidity position, funds available under our credit facilities funds available from COLI and cash generated from future operations are expected to be sufficient to finance our known or foreseeable liquidity needs. We continue to maintain a conservative approach to liquidity and have flexibility over significant uses of cash including our capital expenditures and discretionary operating expenses.
Our significant funding requirements include a pending acquisition, operating expenses, non-cancelable operating lease obligations, capital expenditures, variable compensation and retirement plan contributions, dividend payments and debt service obligations.
We currentlyhave flexibility over some of these uses of cash, including capital expenditures and discretionary operating expenses, to preserve our liquidity position. We expect capital expenditures to approximate $80total approximately $60 to $90$70 in 20182022 compared to $61$41.3 in 2017. This amount includes investments in our global manufacturing operations, product development and the new Learning + Innovation Center in Munich. We closely manage capital spending to ensure we are making investments that we believe will sustain our business and preserve our ability to introduce innovative new products.2021.
On December 19, 2017,16, 2021, we announced a quarterly dividend on our common stock of $0.1275$0.145 per share, or approximately $15.1,$16, to be paid in Q4 2018.2022. Future dividends will be subject to approval by our Board of Directors.
Critical Accounting Estimates
During Q3 2018,2022, there have been no changes in the items that we have identified as critical accounting estimates.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
See Note 2 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Forward-looking Statements
From time to time, in written and oral statements, we discuss our expectations regarding future events and our plans and objectives for future operations. These forward-looking statements discuss goals, intentions and expectations as to future trends, plans, events, results of operations or financial condition, or state other information relating to us, based on current beliefs of management as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, us. Forward-looking statements generally are accompanied by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “intend,” “may,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project," "target” or other similar words, phrases or expressions. Although we believe these forward-looking statements are reasonable, they are based upon a number of assumptions concerning future conditions, any or all of which may ultimately prove to be inaccurate. Forward-looking statements involve a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to vary from our expectations because of factors such as, but not limited to, competitive and general economic conditions domestically and internationally; acts of terrorism, war, governmental action, natural disasters, pandemics and other Force Majeure events; cyberattacks; the COVID-19 pandemic and the actions taken by various governments and third parties to combat the pandemic; changes in the legal and regulatory environment; changes in raw materialsmaterial, commodity and commodityother input costs; currency fluctuations; changes in customer demand; and the other risks and contingencies detailed in this Report, our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We undertake no obligation to update, amend, or clarify forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk:
Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk:
The nature of market risks (i.e., the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices) faced by us as of November 24, 201726, 2021 is the same as disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal
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year ended February 24, 2017.26, 2021. We are exposed to market risks from foreign currency exchange, interest rates, commodity prices and fixed income and equity prices, which could affect our operating results, financial position and cash flows.
Foreign Exchange Risk
During Q3 2018,2022, no material change in foreign exchange risk occurred.
Interest Rate Risk
During Q3 2018,2022, no material change in interest rate risk occurred.
Commodity Price Risk
During Q3 2018,2022, no material change in commodity price risk occurred.
Fixed Income and Equity Price Risk
During Q3 2018,2022, no material change in fixed income and equity price risk occurred.
Item 4.Controls and Procedures:
Item 4.Controls and Procedures:
(a) Disclosure Controls and Procedures.  Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) or 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”"Exchange Act")), as of November 24, 2017.26, 2021. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of November 24, 2017,26, 2021, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in (1) recording, processing, summarizing and reporting, on a timely basis, information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act and (2) ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in such reports is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b) Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.  There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) orand 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during our third fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1A. Risk Factors:

For a more detailed explanation of the risks affecting our business, please refer to the Risk Factors section in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 26, 2021.  There have not been any material changes to the risk factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 26, 2021.
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Table of Contents
Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds:

Item 2.Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds:
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
The following is a summary of share repurchase activity during Q3 2018:2022:
Period(a)
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
(b)
Average Price
Paid per Share
(c)
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs (1)
(d)
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares
that May Yet be
Purchased
Under the Plans
or Programs (1)
(in millions)
8/28/2021 - 10/1/20211,193,884 $13.13 1,193,884 $14.2 
10/2/2021 - 10/29/2021511,769 $12.41 478,484 $8.3 
10/30/201 - 11/26/202158,430 $11.93 58,430 $7.6 
Total1,764,083 (2)1,730,798  

(1)In January 2016, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program, announced on January 19, 2016, permitting the repurchase of up to $150 of shares of our common stock. On June 28, 2021, we entered into a stock repurchase agreement with an independent third party broker under which the broker is authorized to repurchase up to $50 of shares of our common stock on our behalf during the period June 28, 2021 through December 20, 2021, subject to certain price, market and volume constraints specified in the agreement. The agreement was established in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act. Shares purchased under the agreement are part of our share repurchase program approved in January 2016.
(2)33,285 shares were repurchased to satisfy participants’ tax withholding obligations upon the issuance of shares under equity awards, pursuant to the terms of our Incentive Compensation Plan.
29
Period
(a)
Total Number of
Shares Purchased
(b)
Average Price
Paid per Share
(c)
Total Number of
Shares Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs (1)
(d)
Approximate Dollar
Value of Shares
that May Yet be
Purchased
Under the Plans
or Programs (1)
(in millions)
8/26/2017 - 9/29/2017
$

$99.2
9/30/2017 - 10/27/201731,450
$14.82

$99.2
10/28/2017 - 11/24/20173,805
$14.37

$99.2
Total35,255
(2)
 


Item 6.Exhibits:
(1)Exhibit
No.
In January 2016, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program permitting the repurchase of up to $150 of shares of our common stock. This program has no specific expiration date. On October 27, 2017, we entered into a stock repurchase agreement with a third party broker under which the broker was authorized to repurchase up to 2 million shares of our common stock on our behalf during the period from from October 27, 2017 through March 22, 2018. The agreement was established in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act. Shares purchased under the agreement are part of the Company's share repurchase program approved in January 2016.Description
(2)10.1*All of these shares were repurchased to satisfy participants’ tax withholding obligations upon the vesting of equity awards, pursuant to the terms of our Incentive Compensation Plan.
Letter agreement between Steelcase Inc. and Allan W. Smith, Jr., dated September 22, 2021 (1)
Item 6.10.2*Exhibits:
31.1
31.2
32.1
101.INSInline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCHInline XBRL Schema Document
101.CALInline XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LABInline XBRL Labels Linkbase Document
101.PREInline XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEFInline XBRL Definition Linkbase Document
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)
________________
See
*    Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

(1)    Filed as Exhibit Index.10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 24, 2021 (commission file number 001-13873), and incorporated herein by reference.

30



SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
STEELCASE INC.




By: /s/  Mark T. MossingRobin L. Zondervan
Mark T. Mossing
Robin L. Zondervan
Vice President,
Corporate Controller and
&
Chief Accounting Officer

(Duly Authorized Officer and

Principal Accounting Officer)
Date: December 20, 2017

Exhibit Index2021
31
Exhibit
No.
Description
31.1
31.2
32.1
101.INSXBRL Instance Document
101.SCHXBRL Schema Document
101.CALXBRL Calculation Linkbase Document
101.LABXBRL Labels Linkbase Document
101.PREXBRL Presentation Linkbase Document
101.DEFXBRL Definition Linkbase Document






27